Wikipedia igwiki https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ihu_m%CC%80b%E1%BB%A5 MediaWiki 1.39.0-wmf.22 first-letter Midia Ihü kárírí Okwu Ọbanife Okwu ọbanife Wikipedia Okwu Wikipedia Usòrò Okwu usòrò MidiaWiki Okwu MidiaWiki Àtụ Okwu àtụ Nkwadọ Okwu nkwadọ Òtù Okwu òtù TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Gadget Gadget talk Gadget definition Gadget definition talk 4 921 85962 83430 2022-07-31T11:05:34Z Amire80 2543 /* "Talk page" */ nkeji ohúrù wikitext text/x-wiki __NEWSECTIONLINK__ <!-- Discussion notice starts --> <div style="background: #ff0; margin: 0 0 3px 0; padding: 0 2px 0 2px;">[[Wikipedia talk:Ogbako Ọtú|'''Ihü ákíkó''']] dị maka okwu. Biko doséré okwu ébéahụ. Omemé gi detụ na ihü nkà. </div> <!-- Header bar starts --> <div class="toccolours" id="siteNotice""> [[Wikipedia:Requests_for_Adminship|Requests for Adminship]] | [[Wikipedia:Request_for_Bot_status|Request for Bot approval]] | [[:Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing _translation|Articles for Translation]] | [[:Category:Article nke ntakiri|Articles needing expansion]]</div> {{Íshí Nzọr Inglish}} {{Ihe Anyi gi me}} ==Administrator access== I would like to be an administrator on this Igbo wikipedia. '''[[User:Ukabia|Álúsí Wikipedia Ìgbo]]''' - [[User talk:Ukabia|okwú na ókà]] 17:21, 10 Önwa Asaa 2011 (UTC) I would love to be an administrator on ig.wikipedia. The admin tools would be useful in order to fight vandalism on ig.wikipedia, improve the main page etc. [[Ọbanife:Blossom Ozurumba|Blossom Ozurumba]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Blossom Ozurumba|talk]]) 11:36, 1 Önwa Asáto 2017 (UTC) I would love to be an administrator on ig.wikipedia. The admin tools would be useful in organizing the page, fight vandalism on ig.wikipedia, improve articles etc. [[Ọbanife:Oby Ezeilo|Oby Ezeilo]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Oby Ezeilo | Oby Ezeilo]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Oby Ezeilo|talk]]) 17:35, 1 Ọnwaìrinàotù 2020 (UTC) <br> <br> [[Category:Wikipedia]] I would love to be an administrator on ig.wikipedia. The admin tools would be useful in correcting certain misspelt words which change the meaning of words in Igbo and hence reduce the interpretation and make the page difficult to use. --[[Ọbanife:Chioma Onyema|Chioma Onyema]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Chioma Onyema|talk]]) 08:46, 6 Ọnwaàsaà 2021 (UTC) == Improving the translation support for the Igbo Wikipedia == ''Sorry about not being able to write in Igbo. I hope someone can translate this!'' [[:mw:Content translation|Content translation]] has been successful in supporting the translation process on many Wikipedia communities, and we want to help additional wikis with potential to grow using translation as part of [[:mw:Content translation/Boost|a new initiative]]. Content translation facilitates the creation of Wikipedia articles by translating content from other languages. It has been used already to create more than half a million articles. In addition, the tool provides [[:mw:Help:Content translation/Translating/Translation quality|mechanisms to encourage the creation of good quality content]], preventing the publication of lightly edited machine translations. In general, our analysis shows that the translations produced are [[:mw:Content_translation/Deletion_statistics_comparison|less likely to be deleted than the articles started from scratch]]. Igbo Wikipedia editors have used Content translation to create [[Special:CXStats|more than three hundred articles]]. Given the size of the editing community, we think that there is potential to use translation to create more articles, expand existing ones, and attract new editors that learn how to make productive edits. Translation can help the community to reduce the language gap with other languages and grow the number of editors in a sustainable way. In order to achieve this goal, we want to collaborate with you to make Content translation more visible in the Igbo Wikipedia and support new ways to translate. As a first step, during the next weeks we plan to enable Content translation by default on the Igbo Wikipedia. That will make it easy for users to discover the tool [[:mw:Help:Content_translation/Starting|through several entry points]]. However, users not interested in translation will still be able to disable it from their preferences. Please feel free to share any comment in this conversation thread. Thanks! --[[Ọbanife:Aaharoni-WMF|Amir E. Aharoni (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Aaharoni-WMF|talk]]) 13:04, 4 Ọnwaìrinàotù 2020 (UTC) Wwyx Ụmụ nnem na ụmụ nnam, edeyerem akwụkwọ na meta wikipedia ka fa nyem ikike ma ye kwam ego ịji new ruọ oru. Biko kwado nu mu. Ebe ịga afu ya bu na https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Igboanude/Female_Creators_on_Igbo_Wikipedia --[[Ọbanife:Igboanude|Igboanude]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Igboanude|talk]]) 07:50, 4 Ọnwaàtọ 2021 (UTC) I applied for a rapid grant to do a wikidata project on Nigerian female producers etc. the link is attached. I seek your advice and support. https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Offordile234/Nigerian_Female_Film_Producers,_Directors_and_Actors_on_Wikidata --[[Ọbanife:Offordile234|Offordile234]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Offordile234|talk]]) 21:23, 10 Ọnwaàtọ 2021 (UTC) I applied for a rapid grant to add content and improve existing content in wikidata about Nigerian religious leaders and the churches. I will like your comments and if approved your participation. the link is https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Chuks_Zilo/Nigerian_Religious_Institutions_on_Wikidata --[[Ọbanife:Chuks Zilo|Chuks Zilo]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Chuks Zilo|talk]]) 20:23, 12 Ọnwaànọ 2021 (UTC) E debeyerem akwụkwọ ka eyem ego ịji rụọ ọrụ. The link is https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Obihoja/Permanent_Secretaries_and_Directors_General/Training Please comment and advice. --[[Ọbanife:Obihoja|Obihoja]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Obihoja|talk]]) 11:50, 8 Ọnwaìse 2021 (UTC) E tiyerem akwụkwọ ka ndị wikipedia yem ego maka ọrụ ịtiye foto na ụda onu nịme Igbo Wiktionary. Biko kwadom. Ebe ntịyere ya bụ na https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Igboanude/Pictures_and_Voice_Notes_in_Igbo_Wiktionary --[[Ọbanife:Igboanude|Igboanude]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Igboanude|talk]]) 11:03, 12 Ọnwaìse 2021 (UTC) I applied for a project in wikidata. I will will appreciate your comment and support. the project link is https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Chuks_Zilo/CEOs_of_Quoted_Companies_in_Nigeria --[[Ọbanife:Chuks Zilo|Chuks Zilo]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Chuks Zilo|talk]]) 13:13, 5 Ọnwa itoolu 2021 (UTC) == Ịma Ọkwa Obodo Maka Ọrụ M == Ezigbo mmadu niile, Ọ ga-amasị m ịkọrọ unu niile gbasara [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Clarissagum/Mahadum_Federal_na_Steeti,_Polytechnics_na_K%E1%BB%8Dleji_nke_Mm%E1%BB%A5ta_na_Na%E1%BB%8Bjir%E1%BB%8Ba Mahadum Federal na Steeti, Polytechnics na Kọleji nke Mmụta na Naịjirịa]. Daalụ maka nkwado gị niile. [[Ọbanife:Clarissagum|Clarissagum]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Clarissagum|talk]]) 21:21, 9 Ọnwa itoolu 2021 (UTC) == Photowalk of Minna, Niger state == Ndewo ndi nkem, Pls find attached my [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/OtuNwachinemere/Photowalk_of_Minna,_Niger_State_Nigeria#Activities project grant] request for your endorsement and collaboration. Thanks --[[Ọbanife:OtuNwachinemere|OtuNwachinemere]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:OtuNwachinemere|talk]]) 12:48, 15 Ọnwa itoolu 2021 (UTC) ==META WIKI INTERFACE TRANSLATION== I have applied for translation of the meta wiki interface translation for Igbo Wiktionary which is still in the incubator. your contribution and support will be appreciated. https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Obihoja/Igbo_Language_MetaWiki_interface_translation --[[Ọbanife:Obihoja|Obihoja]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Obihoja|kwuo]]) 07:45, 15 Ọnwa iri 2021 (UTC) == Ịma Ọkwa Maka Ọrụ M == Ndewo onye ọ bụla, Ọ ga-amasị m ịkọrọ unu niile gbasara [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Clarissagum/%E1%BB%A4m%E1%BB%A5_Nwanyi_nd%E1%BB%8B_Nkuzi_na_nd%E1%BB%8B_Nch%E1%BB%8Dp%E1%BB%A5ta_n%27%E1%BB%A5l%E1%BB%8D_Akw%E1%BB%A5kw%E1%BB%8D_Mmuta_di_elu_nke_Na%E1%BB%8Bjir%E1%BB%8Ba Ụmụ Nwanyi ndị Nkuzi na ndị Nchọpụta n'ụlọ Akwụkwọ Mmuta di elu nke Naịjirịa]. Daalụ maka nkwado gị niile. [[Ọbanife:Clarissagum|Clarissagum]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Clarissagum|kwuo]]) 10:15, 14 Ọnwa iri na otù 2021 (UTC) == Deployment of FLORES Machine Translation to Igbo Wikipedia == Ndewo nụ ndị ọma! Apologies as this message is not in your native language, {{Int:Please-translate}}. The WMF Language team has added another machine translation (MT) support for the Content Translation in Igbo Wikipedia called FLORES. This means that you can choose to use [https://ai.facebook.com/blog/the-flores-101-data-set-helping-build-better-translation-systems-around-the-world/ FLORES machine translation] when translating Wikipedia articles to Igbo using [https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation the Content Translation tool]. The FLORES Machine Translation service is provided by an [https://ai.facebook.com/ AI research team at Meta] through a free for use API key that allows the Content Translation to access the service on the FLORES server for an evaluation trial period. This MT is set as optional; in your Wikipedia, which means you can choose not to use it as your preferred initial translator. If you decide to use this service, you can select "FLORES" from the "Initial Translation" dropdown menu where you will find other existing machine translation services on the sidebar. The Wikimedia Foundation has worked out an agreement that allows the use of FLORES without compromising Wikipedia’s policies about attribution of rights, your privacy as a user, and brand representation. You can find more information about the FLORES Machine translation on [[mw:Content_translation/Machine_Translation/Flores#Summary_of_our_agreement_with_Meta|this page]]. Please note that the use of the FLORES MT is optional. However, we would want your community to: *use it to improve the quality of the Machine Translation service; and *[[mw:Talk:Content_translation|provide feedback]] about its quality and ask any questions you might have about this addition. We trust that this addition is a good support to the Content Translations tool towards having better quality articles in Igbo Wikipedia. Daalụ nụ! [[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|kwuo]]) 12:02, 7 Ọnwa abụọ 2022 (UTC) == Making Flores a default Machine Translation for three months in Igbo Wikipedia == Ndewo nụ ndi nkem! The WMF Language team would like to make [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Content_translation/Machine_Translation/Flores Flores], provided by an [https://ai.facebook.com/ AI research team at Meta], the default machine translation support in your Wikipedia Content Translation tool for a test period of 3 months. The above experiment will help us determine how useful the Machine Translation is for your community more reliably. By setting Flores as the default service, we expect more content to be created by using it and the data about its quality to be more representative. We plan to effect this change on 11th April 2022 unless your community has an objection not to make the FLORES the default Machine translation. It is okay if individuals decide to select their default service, which would also be helpful to understand user preferences. However, we would encourage you to use it. After three months, we would revert to the initial default machine translation unless your community thinks otherwise. We thank you for your support and look forward to the outcome of this test. [[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|kwuo]]) 18:48, 28 Ọnwa atọ 2022 (UTC) On behalf of the WMF Language team. I have recently applied for a grant on training and competition for senior citizens. it is a proposal to bring in more senior citizens to join the wikipedia family. it will be a training and competion for participating seniors. will appreciate your suggestions.--[[Ọbanife:Igboanude|Igboanude]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Igboanude|kwuo]]) 14:55, 26 Ọnwa ise 2022 (UTC) == Reverting to Google as the default Machine Translation in Igbo Wikipedia == Ndewo ndi nkem! Three months ago, the WMF Language team set the [[mw:Content_translation/Machine_Translation/Flores|Flores]] Machine Translation (MT) support as the default in your Wikipedia which just ended. So, we want to revert to the initial default Machine translation support for the Content translation tool in Zulu Wikipedia unless there are objections from your community to retain the Flores as your default MT. We will wait two weeks for your feedback in this thread on the above, and If there are no objections to reverting to the [[mw:Help:Content_translation/Translating/Initial_machine_translation#Google_Translate|Google Translate]], we will make the Google MT the default translation in your Content translation tool after the 25th of July, 2022. Thank you so much, and we look forward to your feedback. [[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|kwuo]]) 12:40, 12 Ọnwa asaa 2022 (UTC) On hehalf of the WMF Language team. :Dear @[[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] thank you for the update. Speaking for myself and from feedback from other community members, Flores has more accurate translations than Google Translate and we would prefer to keep Flores as default. :Thank you! [[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Tochiprecious|kwuo]]) 15:54, 12 Ọnwa asaa 2022 (UTC) ::Thank you @[[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] for the feedback. This means we will not be reverting to Google since the community prefers Flores because it is more accurate. We will leave Flores as the default Machine Translation, while the Google Machine translation will be optional. ::Best regards. [[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|kwuo]]) 19:06, 12 Ọnwa asaa 2022 (UTC) == "Talk page" == Hi! At a translatewiki training on July 30, there was a side discussion about the right word to use for "Talk", "Talk page", "Discussion", etc. "Talk page" refers to pages on which editors discuss the following things: * The article—how to write it, what to include, what to exclude, what terminology to use, etc. * General Wikipedia matters—policies, style, appointing administrators, etc. * Direct conversations with users ("user talk page"). As a general comment, in English, the words "discussion" and "talk" are used for this, but it's actually the same thing, and can be translated with the same word in Igbo. The words that I can see here are: * Mkparita ụka * nkàta * Akíkó * Nkpata okà * Kuwa akíkó * kwuo * okwu There may also be other words that I haven't noticed. I recommend choosing consistent translations for "talk" and "talk page", and using them consistently. [[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Amire80|kwuo]]) 11:05, 31 Ọnwa asaa 2022 (UTC) 7w2g6s7a0oo18y0ys4tgsz430uad0zv 0 8377 85958 83415 2022-07-31T10:29:14Z Amire80 2543 Amire80 moved page [[Ihu m̀bụ]] to [[Ihu mbụ]]: discussed on the talk page wikitext text/x-wiki {{Main Page}} f0x29qu6lmc4uybiag8wvrwc6il2abc 1 8880 85960 85404 2022-07-31T10:29:14Z Amire80 2543 Amire80 moved page [[Okwu:Ihu m̀bụ]] to [[Okwu:Ihu mbụ]]: discussed on the talk page wikitext text/x-wiki '''This is a place for discussing the main page.''' For general discussions go to [[Wikipedia:Nzọr ogbako]]. == Main page change == Hi, The main page here is quite broken. It is full of red links. It is even more broken on mobile phones, and shows almost nothing. The current code of the main page is too complicated and too hard to edit. I recommend starting from scratch: Deleting everything and putting something very simple instead. Later it can be made more complex and designed, but in the beginning it should at least be usable. Here's a very simple suggestion for a first version to begin from: [[Ọbanife:Amire80/mp]]. If no-one objects, I'll replace the current page with this next week. If anyone has better proposals, I'll be happy to hear them. Tagging active users: [[Ọbanife:Abuchi Chinedu Ojiaku]], [[Ọbanife:Blossom Ozurumba]], [[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious]], [[Ọbanife:Uzoma Ozurumba]], [[Ọbanife:Oby Ezeilo]], [[Ọbanife:Ngozianaza]], [[Ọbanife:Ukabia]]. Thanks! --[[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Amire80|talk]]) 07:03, 7 Ọnwaàsatọ 2019 (UTC) :Hello [[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]], :The proposed simple fix is okay. :I removed some of the diacritics as they are not used for those particular words in Igbo language. :Thank you for this proposal. :Regards, :[[Ọbanife:Uzoma Ozurumba]] :([[Okwu ọbanife:Uzoma Ozurumba|talk]]) ::Thank you so much! --[[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Amire80|talk]]) 09:06, 7 Ọnwaàsatọ 2019 (UTC) :Hi [[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]], :The proposed simple fix is okay. :Thank you for this :Regards, :[[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious]] :([[Okwu ọbanife:Tochiprecious|talk]]) == Wikipedia or Wikipidia == Hi, What is the right name for Wikipedia in Igbo? The logo at the top says "Wikipedia", but the main page says "Wikipidia", and there is also the article [[Wikipidia]]. So what is correct? It should be consistent everywhere. Thanks! --[[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Amire80|talk]]) 07:50, 7 Ọnwaàsatọ 2019 (UTC) :Hello [[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]], :The correct one is ”Wikipidia". :Regards, ::Hello[[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]], ::Its Wikipidia. ::Thanks ::Hello[[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]], ::The correct should be Wikipidia ::Daalụ(Thanks) :[[Ọbanife:Oby Ezeilo]] == Hip hop song == Juice bae decide to release his new song "title" dream juice prove that yesterday in his Twitter account juice while a lot of people eager to listen it. [[Ọbanife:Ramadan bin|Ramadan bin]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Ramadan bin|kwuo]]) 13:13, 23 Ọnwa iri 2021 (UTC) == Ihu mbụ == Asụpetaghị okwu a bụ ihu m bụ. O tosịr.i ịbụ Ihu mbụ. [[Ọbanife:Oby Ezeilo|Oby Ezeilo]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Oby Ezeilo|kwuo]]) 11:40, 11 Ọnwa asaa 2022 (UTC) [[Òtù:Ihu mbụ]] [[Òtù:Édémédé egosipụtara]] 0zfd8wq717mgzw7yp8060bj2o2lwqb0 85963 85960 2022-07-31T11:18:26Z Tochiprecious 6821 /* Ihu mbụ */ endorsed wikitext text/x-wiki '''This is a place for discussing the main page.''' For general discussions go to [[Wikipedia:Nzọr ogbako]]. == Main page change == Hi, The main page here is quite broken. It is full of red links. It is even more broken on mobile phones, and shows almost nothing. The current code of the main page is too complicated and too hard to edit. I recommend starting from scratch: Deleting everything and putting something very simple instead. Later it can be made more complex and designed, but in the beginning it should at least be usable. Here's a very simple suggestion for a first version to begin from: [[Ọbanife:Amire80/mp]]. If no-one objects, I'll replace the current page with this next week. If anyone has better proposals, I'll be happy to hear them. Tagging active users: [[Ọbanife:Abuchi Chinedu Ojiaku]], [[Ọbanife:Blossom Ozurumba]], [[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious]], [[Ọbanife:Uzoma Ozurumba]], [[Ọbanife:Oby Ezeilo]], [[Ọbanife:Ngozianaza]], [[Ọbanife:Ukabia]]. Thanks! --[[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Amire80|talk]]) 07:03, 7 Ọnwaàsatọ 2019 (UTC) :Hello [[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]], :The proposed simple fix is okay. :I removed some of the diacritics as they are not used for those particular words in Igbo language. :Thank you for this proposal. :Regards, :[[Ọbanife:Uzoma Ozurumba]] :([[Okwu ọbanife:Uzoma Ozurumba|talk]]) ::Thank you so much! --[[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Amire80|talk]]) 09:06, 7 Ọnwaàsatọ 2019 (UTC) :Hi [[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]], :The proposed simple fix is okay. :Thank you for this :Regards, :[[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious]] :([[Okwu ọbanife:Tochiprecious|talk]]) == Wikipedia or Wikipidia == Hi, What is the right name for Wikipedia in Igbo? The logo at the top says "Wikipedia", but the main page says "Wikipidia", and there is also the article [[Wikipidia]]. So what is correct? It should be consistent everywhere. Thanks! --[[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Amire80|talk]]) 07:50, 7 Ọnwaàsatọ 2019 (UTC) :Hello [[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]], :The correct one is ”Wikipidia". :Regards, ::Hello[[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]], ::Its Wikipidia. ::Thanks ::Hello[[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]], ::The correct should be Wikipidia ::Daalụ(Thanks) :[[Ọbanife:Oby Ezeilo]] == Hip hop song == Juice bae decide to release his new song "title" dream juice prove that yesterday in his Twitter account juice while a lot of people eager to listen it. [[Ọbanife:Ramadan bin|Ramadan bin]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Ramadan bin|kwuo]]) 13:13, 23 Ọnwa iri 2021 (UTC) == Ihu mbụ == Asụpetaghị okwu a bụ ihu m bụ. O tosịr.i ịbụ Ihu mbụ. [[Ọbanife:Oby Ezeilo|Oby Ezeilo]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Oby Ezeilo|kwuo]]) 11:40, 11 Ọnwa asaa 2022 (UTC) [[Ọbanife:Oby Ezeilo|Oby Ezeilo]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Oby Ezeilo|kwuo]]Nke a bụ eziokwu. [[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Tochiprecious|kwuo]]) 11:18, 31 Ọnwa asaa 2022 (UTC) [[Òtù:Ihu mbụ]] [[Òtù:Édémédé egosipụtara]] 7sngglh27krh3g7huiz7xieagmaue8u 0 14477 85920 78227 2022-07-30T18:47:11Z Lebron jay 12508 +image #WPWPIG wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|website=<!--Military service-->}} [[Usòrò:Segun Awolowo.jpg|thumb]] '''Segun Awolowo Jr'''. (a mụrụ n'ụbọchị nke 27 n'ọnwa Septemba n'afọ 1963), bụ onye isi oche nke Nigerian Export Promotion Council, ọkwá ọ malitere kemgbe afọ 2013.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Ehikioya|first=Augustine|title=Buhari greets Awolowo at 55|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/buhari-greets-awolowo-at-55/|accessdate=30 June 2019|date=26 September 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Usigbe|first=Leon|title=Buhari Greets Awolowo At 55|url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/166062/|accessdate=30 June 2019|date=26 September 2018}}</ref> Ọ bụ nwa nwa onye bụbu onye mba Naịjirịa, onye na-ahụ maka mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na onye ọchịchị, [[Obafemi Awolowo|Chief Obafemi Awolowo]] .<ref>{{Cite news|author=Babarinsa|first=Dare|title=The woman who gave us Awolowo|url=https://www.guardian.ng/opinion/the-woman-who-gave-us-awolowo/amp|accessdate=30 June 2019|work=guardian.ng|date=25 November 2015}}</ref> N'ọnwa Julaị afọ 2021, a họpụtara ya dịka onye isi oche nke National Trade Promotion Organizations (TPOs) site na mba ndị otu ECOWAS.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Anonymous|title=Buhari Congratulates Olusegun Awolowo On Election As President Of ECOWAS TPOs|url=https://dailytrust.com/buhari-congratulates-olusegun-awolowo-on-election-as-president-of-ecowas-tpos|accessdate=18 July 2021|date=16 July 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://statehouse.gov.ng/press-releases/president-buhari-congratulates-olusegun-awolowo-on-election-to-lead-trade-promotion-organisations-in-west-africa/|title=President Buhari Congratulates Olusegun Awolowo on Election to Lead Trade Promotion Organisations in West Africa|date=16 July 2021}}</ref> Onye isi ala Muhammadu Buhari na October 12 kwupụtara Dr. Ezra Yakusak dịka onye isi oche ọhụrụ nke NEPC na ọrụ ya na-amalite n'abalị 27 ọnwa Nọvemba afọ 2021. == Mmalite ndụ == A mụrụ Olusegun Awolowo Jr. na 27th nke Septemba afọ 1963 na Segun Awolowo . Nna ya (Segun Awolowo Sr.) nwụrụ n'afọ 1963 mgbe ọ dị afọ iri abụọ na ise site n'ihe mberede ụgbọala n'okporo ụzọ ochie Ibadan-Lagos.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Rilwan|title=Remembering Segun Awolowo|url=https://www.thenationonlineng.net/remembering-segun-awolowo/amp/|accessdate=30 June 2019|work=The Nation Newspaper|date=18 July 2018}}</ref> A mụrụ ya ọnwa abụọ nna ya nwụsịrị.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Lasisi|first=Akeem|title=Nigeria: Battle for Late Sage Obafemi Awolowo's Estate|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/200207250357.html|accessdate=30 June 2019|date=25 July 2002}}</ref> Segun Jr. gara ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị n'aka nwanne nne ya, Oriakụ Tola Oyediran (nee Awolowo) na di ya Prof. Kayode Oyediran. Tupu mgbe ahụ, ya na nne ya na ụmụnne ya ndị ọzọ biri.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Aworinde|first=Tobi|title=Years after dad's death, they would say he had gone to England – Segun Awolowo Snr's daughter, Funke|url=https://www.punchng.com/years-after-dads-death-they-would-say-he-had-gone-to-england-segun-awolowo-snrs-daughter-funke/amp/|accessdate=30 June 2019|date=29 July 2018}}</ref> == Agụmakwụkwọ == Segun Jr. malitere agụmakwụkwọ ya na Mayhill Convent School n'akụkụ [[Dolapo Osinbajo]], nwunye osote onye isi ala Yemi Osinbajo, niile nọ n'aka Prọfesọ na Oriakụ Oyediran. Site n'ebe ahụ, ọ gara Igbobi College, Yaba, [[Ȯra Lagos|Lagos Steeti]] maka agụmakwụkwọ ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ya ma gụchaa ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ya na Government College, Ibadan . Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ sekọndrị, ọ gara Mahadum Ogun State (nke bụzi Mahadum Olabisi Onabanjo), Ago Iwoye wee nweta nzere LLB.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Aworinde|first=Tobi|title=Years after dad's death, they would say he had gone to England – Segun Awolowo Snr's daughter, Funke|url=https://www.punchng.com/years-after-dads-death-they-would-say-he-had-gone-to-england-segun-awolowo-snrs-daughter-funke/amp/|accessdate=30 June 2019|date=29 July 2018}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Segun Awolowo rụrụ ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ iwu nke Abayomi Sogbesan & Co. yana ụlọ ọrụ iwu nke GOK Ajayi & Co. mgbe a kpọrọ ya ka ọ bụrụ onye ọka iwu na Disemba afọ 1989. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na ọchịchị [[Olusegun Obasanjo|onye isi ala Olusegun Obasanjo]] dịka onye enyemaka pụrụ iche na ụlọ ọrụ ọdịnala, ịdị uchu iwu na ihe gbasara iwu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nbasblconference.org/olusegun-awolowo/|title=Olusegun Awolowo {{!}} NBASBL Conference 2019 .::. The 13th Annual Business Law Conference|work=www.nbasblconference.org|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190704110844/http://www.nbasblconference.org/olusegun-awolowo/|archivedate=2019-07-04}} </ref> [[Umaru Yar'Adua|Onye isi ala Umaru Musa Yar’Adua]] họpụtara Maazị Awolowo dịka onye enyemaka pụrụ iche ma soro Federal Capital Territory Administration (FCTA), [[Abuja]] rụọ ọrụ dịka odeakwụkwọ maka mmepe mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na odeakwụkwọ njem site n'afọ 2007 ruo afọ 2011. Mgbe ntuli aka nke ọchịchị ọhụrụ na 2011, ọ laghachiri n'ọrụ iwu ya ruo na Nọvemba afọ 2013 mgbe Onye isi ala [[Goodluck Jonathan]] họpụtara ya dịka onye isi oche / onye isi oche nke Nigerian Export Promotion Council.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.twasummit.com/olusegun-awolowo|title=Olusegun Awolowo - TradewithAfrica}}</ref> N'ọnwa Julaị afọ 2021, a họpụtara ya dịka onye isi oche nke National Trade Promotion Organizations (TPOs) site na mba ndị otu ECOWAS.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Anonymous|title=Buhari Congratulates Olusegun Awolowo On Election As President Of ECOWAS TPOs|url=https://dailytrust.com/buhari-congratulates-olusegun-awolowo-on-election-as-president-of-ecowas-tpos|accessdate=18 July 2021|date=16 July 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=News Agency of Nigeria|title=Buhari congratulates Olusegun Awolowo as he leads ECOWAS TPOs|url=https://www.pulse.ng/business/buhari-congratulates-olusegun-awolowo-as-he-leads-ecowas-tpos/w23rmjf|accessdate=18 July 2021|date=16 July 2021}}</ref> === NEPC === Onye isi ala [[Goodluck Jonathan]] họpụtara Maazị Segun Awolowo ka ọ bụrụ onye isi oche nke Nigerian Export Promotion Council (NEPC) n'afọ 2013 ma ọrụ ya gwụrụ n'ọnwa Nọvemba afọ 2017 mana onye isi ala [[Muhammadu Buhari]] họpụtara ya ọzọ dịka onye isi oche na onye isi ọrụ na Febụwarị afọ 2018 maka afọ anọ ọzọ.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Owolabi|first=Femi|title=Segun Awolowo sits tight at NEPC — after expiration of tenure|url=https://www.thecable.ng/segun-awolowo-sits-tight-nepc-expiration-tenure|accessdate=30 June 2019|date=4 January 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Owolabi|first=Femi|title=Segun Awolowo finally returns NEPC official cars but 'backdoor' handover put on hold|url=https://www.thecable.ng/segun-awolowo-finally-returns-nepc-official-cars-backdoor-handover-put-hold|accessdate=30 June 2019|date=9 January 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Press Release|title=Buhari reappoints Segun Awolowo as NEPC Chief Executive Officer|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/more-news/260137-buhari-reappoints-segun-awolowo-nepc-chief-executive-officer.html|accessdate=30 June 2019|date=28 February 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Olowolagba|first=Fikayo|title=Buhari re-appoints Segun Awolowo as NEPC boss|url=https://dailypost.ng/2018/02/28/buhari-re-appoints-segun-awolowo-nepc-boss/|accessdate=30 June 2019|date=28 February 2018}}</ref> N'ọnwa June 2019, NEPC n'okpuru ndu ya mere atụmatụ mmekorita ya na ụlọ ọrụ na-ere ahịa, Shoprite maka nke ikpeazụ iji bubata ngwaahịa Naịjirịa na mba Afrịka ndị ọzọ.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Iloani|first=Francis Arinze|title=NEPC will partner Shoprite to boost export of goods – Awolowo|url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/nepc-will-partner-shoprite-to-boost-export-of-goods-awolowo.html|accessdate=30 June 2019|date=20 June 2019}}</ref> === Mmanụ efu === Segun Awolowo na-akwọ ụgbọala Zero Oil Plan, dịka atụmatụ akụ na ụba maka [[Naijiria|Naịjirịa]]. E bidoro ya n'afọ 2016.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Awolowo|title='Zero oil' plan and an export revolution|url=https://m.guardian.ng/opinion/zero-oil-plan-and-an-export-revolution/|accessdate=4 July 2019|date=20 March 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Okon|first=Anna|title=NEPC targets $30bn forex with zero-oil scheme|url=https://punchng.com/nepc-targets-30bn-forex-with-zero-oil-scheme/|accessdate=4 July 2019|date=8 July 2018}}</ref> O sonyere ịkwalite atụmatụ ahụ na ngalaba nkeonwe, ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị dị mkpa na ndị mmekọ mmepe mba ụwa na azụmahịa. Zero Oil bụ akụkụ nke Economic Recovery and Growth Plan (ERGP), atụmatụ oge etiti nke Federal Ministry of Budget and National Planning mepụtara. Atụmatụ Zero Oil ya bụ ịbawanye mbupụ mba ahụ site n'ịbawanye mmepụta nke ngwaahịa ndị e mere n'ụlọ, site na mbupụ ihe eji emepụta ihe iji jiri ngwaahịa ndị ọzọ baa uru iji mee ka ego mgbanwe mba ọzọ dịkwuo elu, iji kwalite uru nke ngwaahịa na ọrụ ndị Naijiria mere na mba ọzọ, na ịmepụta ọrụ. Ebumnuche ya bụ ịmepụta $ 30billion na ego mgbanwe mba ọzọ.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Calcuttawala|first=Zainab|title=Nigeria's "Zero Oil Plan"|url=https://oilprice.com/Energy/Crude-Oil/Nigerias-Zero-Oil-Plan.html#|accessdate=4 July 2019|date=3 October 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Okon|first=Anna|title=NEPC targets $30bn forex with zero-oil scheme|url=https://punchng.com/nepc-targets-30bn-forex-with-zero-oil-scheme/|accessdate=4 July 2019|date=8 July 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.twasummit.com/olusegun-awolowo|title=Olusegun Awolowo - TradewithAfrica}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Anonymous|title=Zero-Oil Plan makes some headway, but is far off target|url=https://country.eiu.com/article.aspx?articleid=987167082&Country=Nigeria&topic=Economy&subtopic=Current+policy|accessdate=4 July 2019|date=24 September 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Chibuzor|first=Oluchi|title=Nigeria: Zero-Oil Plan an Export Revolution, Says Awolowo|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201807130029.html|accessdate=4 July 2019|date=13 July 2018}}</ref> === MOU n'etiti AFREXIM, NEPC na NEXIM === N'afọ 2018, Segun Awolowo duuru NEPC bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta ruru otu ijeri dollar na AFREXIM Bank na Nigerian Export-Import Bank (NEXIM) na mbipụta mbụ nke Intra-African Trade Fair (IATF2018) na Cairo, Egypt; nke ebumnuche ya bụ ịkwalite ahia n'etiti mba Afrịka.<ref>{{Cite news|author=WFM 91.7|title=A $1 BILLION FACILITY MOU FOR NIGERIA|url=http://wfm917.com/2018/12/18/a-1-billion-facility-mou-for-nigeria/|accessdate=4 July 2019|date=18 December 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Eze|first=Jonathan|title=Africa: Promoting Intra-African Trade|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201812180168.html|accessdate=4 July 2019|date=18 December 2018}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe == Segun Awolowo Jr. lụrụ nwunye ma nwee ụmụ. Nwa ya nwanyị, Seun bụ onye na-ekwu okwu na-akpali akpali ma na-eduzi otu NGO a na-akpọ Teach-A-Girl Nigeria, nke na-elekwasị anya na agụmakwụkwọ ụmụ agbọghọ na Nigeria. Ọ bụkwa onye guzobere Leads Africa na 3D Living Moments .<ref>{{Cite news|author=Anonymous|title=Segun Awolowo picks new date for daughter's wedding|url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/segun-awolowo-picks-new-date-for-daughters-wedding/|accessdate=30 June 2019|date=2 March 2019}}</ref> == Edemsibịa == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] cwxkrfywl9x0dgifly2ysgaaapfgjow 0 14588 85918 78348 2022-07-30T18:39:32Z Lebron jay 12508 +image #WPWPIG wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Yadesa Bojia-portrait.png|thumb]]   [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Yadesa Bojia''' (amụrụ na Julaị 9, 1970 na Ambo, [[Ethiopia]]) bụ onye na-emepụta ihe osise na onye na-ese ihe na [[Seattle]]. Bojia egosipụtala ihe ngosi na mpaghara kemgbe afọ 2006. N'afọ 2010, ọ nwetara otuto mba ụwa mgbe ahọpụtara atụmatụ ya maka ọkọlọtọ African Union. Bojia egosila ọrụ ya n'ihe ngosi, rụchaa ọrụ ndị e nyere ya, ma kwuo okwu ihu ọha banyere isiokwu nke ọrụ ya, nke gụnyere ikike mmadụ, ikike ndị nta, Africa, na ikpe ziri ezi. Ụdị Bojia dị ka onye na-ese ihe na-esite n'echiche Afrịka. == Akụkọ ndụ == === Ọrụ === Bojia gụrụ Art na Visual Communication na Seattle. Ọ bịara United States mgbe ọ dị afọ iri abụọ na ise na 1995 dị ka onye gbara ọsọ ndụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Staff|date=Summer 2009|title=Creating a Tapestry of His Cultural Heritage|url=https://spu.edu/depts/uc/response/summer2k9/footnotes/news.asp|journal=Seattle Pacific University: Response|volume=32:2|pages=News}}</ref> O si n'agbụrụ Oromo, nke kachasị ukwuu na Ethiopia.<ref name="Johnson 2018">{{Cite news|url=https://www.cityartsmagazine.com/yadesa-bojia-speaks-people-truth-told/|title=Yadesa Bojia Speaks for the People in 'Truth Be Told' – City Arts Magazine|author=Johnson|first=Barry|date=2017-12-01|work=City Arts Magazine|accessdate=2018-09-13|publisher=City Arts Media|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/africa/ethiopia/etfacts.htm|title=Ethiopia's Information|work=worldatlas}}</ref> Ụdị ya dị ka ezigbo onye na-ese ihe osise na-esite na mmetụta nke Afrịka. Ọ na-eji acrylic na mmanụ.aru ọrụ, na-ejikwa agba na onyinyo. Na nkọwa banyere ọrụ ya, Bojia na-ekwu na ọ na-ese ihe iji mee ka a mara ihe gbasara ikike mmadụ.<ref name="auto">{{Cite news|url=https://www.sbs.com.au/yourlanguage/amharic/en/audiotrack/human-rights-issues-artist-yadesa-bojia|title=Human Rights Issues: Artist Yadesa Bojia|work=SBS Your Language|accessdate=2018-08-30|language=en}}</ref><ref name="Johnson 2018">{{Cite news|url=https://www.cityartsmagazine.com/yadesa-bojia-speaks-people-truth-told/|title=Yadesa Bojia Speaks for the People in 'Truth Be Told' – City Arts Magazine|author=Johnson|first=Barry|date=2017-12-01|work=City Arts Magazine|accessdate=2018-09-13|publisher=City Arts Media|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFJohnson2017">Johnson, Barry (2017-12-01). [https://www.cityartsmagazine.com/yadesa-bojia-speaks-people-truth-told/ "Yadesa Bojia Speaks for the People in 'Truth Be Told' – City Arts Magazine"]. ''City Arts Magazine''. City Arts Media<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-09-13</span></span>.</cite></ref> E nyewo Bojia ọrụ ịse ihe dị iche iche, site na ihe osise gaa na ihe osise na-enweghị atụ nke isiokwu ndị dị mkpa maka ikpe ziri ezi na ịha nhata. Kemgbe afọ 2006, e gosipụtala ọrụ ya na ihe ngosi nka na mpaghara Pacific Northwest. A kpọrọ ya ka ọ kwuo okwu na panel na ajụjụ ọnụ banyere ọrụ ya.<ref name="auto">{{Cite news|url=https://www.sbs.com.au/yourlanguage/amharic/en/audiotrack/human-rights-issues-artist-yadesa-bojia|title=Human Rights Issues: Artist Yadesa Bojia|work=SBS Your Language|accessdate=2018-08-30|language=en}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.sbs.com.au/yourlanguage/amharic/en/audiotrack/human-rights-issues-artist-yadesa-bojia "Human Rights Issues: Artist Yadesa Bojia"]. ''SBS Your Language''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-08-30</span></span>.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://seattlecolleges.com/DISTRICT/diasporatour/diaspora.aspx|title=Diaspora Tour • Seattle Colleges|work=seattlecolleges.com|accessdate=2018-08-30}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.realchangenews.org/2017/01/18/truth-matter-king-street-station-exhibition-showcases-diversity-artists-african-descent|title=The truth of the matter: King Street Station exhibition showcases diversity of artists of African descent|author=Edge|first=Lisa|date=January 18, 2017|work=Real Change|accessdate=2018-09-13|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://fryemuseum.org/all-power|title=Frye Art Museum|work=Frye Art Museum|language=en-US|accessdate=2018-09-13}}</ref> ==== Ọkọlọtọ African Union ==== Nkọwa Bojia dị ka onye na-ese ihe bilitere na mba ụwa na ngwụsị afọ 2009 mgbe ọ chọpụtara na ndị ọka ikpe họpụtara atụmatụ ya ka ọ bụrụ onye mmeri nke asọmpi mba ụwa iji mepụta atụmatụ ọkọlọtọ ọhụrụ maka African Union. Bojia matara na ihe osise ya meriri mgbe ọ na-ekiri Larry King Live na telivishọn ma hụ ọkọlọtọ ya n'azụ onye isi oche nke African Union, Muammar el-Qaddafi nke Libya. Bojia wee kpọọ ndị na-ahazi asọmpi ahụ bụ ndị kwadoro na ọ bụ onye mmeri. N'afọ 2010, e bugara ezinụlọ ya [[Addis Ababa]], [[Ethiopia]], ịnabata ihe nrite ahụ.<ref name="Mudede 2018">{{Cite news|url=https://www.thestranger.com/food-and-drink/feature/2015/08/19/22718127/the-man-behind-the-menus|title=The Man Behind the Menus|author=Mudede|first=Charles|date=August 19, 2015|work=The Stranger|accessdate=2018-09-13|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.shorelineareanews.com/2015/05/shoreline-artist-designs-bright-symbol.html|title=Shoreline Artist Designs Bright Symbol for African Union Flag|author=Afeworki|first=Agazit|date=May 19, 2015|work=Shoreline Area News|accessdate=September 14, 2018}}</ref> Akụkọ banyere ihe ịga nke ọma ya wetara mgbasa ozi na mba o si na n'etiti ndị Ethiopia Diaspora, nke gụnyere ndị agbụrụ ya, ndị Oromo.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.voanews.com/a/4015337.html|title=Daybreak Africa|work=VOA|accessdate=2018-09-13|language=en}}</ref> Mgbe ọ natara onyinye a, Bojia amụbaala ọhụ dị ka onye na-ese ihe. Na mgbakwunye na ngosipụta mpaghara nke eserese ya na ihe ngosi, a kpọrọ Bojia ka ọ kwuo banyere nka, ikike mmadụ, ikike ndị nta, Ethiopia, na Black Lives Matter na ajụjụ ọnụ, nzukọ, na nnọkọ ọha na eze.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.tadias.com/05/19/2013/yadesa-bojia-reflects-on-african-union-flag-on-50th-anniversary/|title=Yadesa Bojia Reflects on African Union Flag on 50th Anniversary|author=Staff|date=May 20, 2013|work=Tadias Magazine|accessdate=September 14, 2018}}</ref><ref name="Mudede 2018">{{Cite news|url=https://www.thestranger.com/food-and-drink/feature/2015/08/19/22718127/the-man-behind-the-menus|title=The Man Behind the Menus|author=Mudede|first=Charles|date=August 19, 2015|work=The Stranger|accessdate=2018-09-13|language=en}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFMudede2015">Mudede, Charles (August 19, 2015). [https://www.thestranger.com/food-and-drink/feature/2015/08/19/22718127/the-man-behind-the-menus "The Man Behind the Menus"]. ''The Stranger''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-09-13</span></span>.</cite></ref><ref name="Dizik 2018">{{Cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/when-your-kid-is-the-family-photographer-1494424447|title=When Your Kid Is the Family Photographer|author=Dizik|first=Alina|date=2017-05-10|work=Wall Street Journal|accessdate=2018-09-13|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="Johnson 2018">{{Cite news|url=https://www.cityartsmagazine.com/yadesa-bojia-speaks-people-truth-told/|title=Yadesa Bojia Speaks for the People in 'Truth Be Told' – City Arts Magazine|author=Johnson|first=Barry|date=2017-12-01|work=City Arts Magazine|accessdate=2018-09-13|publisher=City Arts Media|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFJohnson2017">Johnson, Barry (2017-12-01). [https://www.cityartsmagazine.com/yadesa-bojia-speaks-people-truth-told/ "Yadesa Bojia Speaks for the People in 'Truth Be Told' – City Arts Magazine"]. ''City Arts Magazine''. City Arts Media<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-09-13</span></span>.</cite></ref> A makwaara Bojia dị ka onye ndu obodo. N'afọ 2020, n'ịbụ onye natara ozi n'ezighi ezi banyere coronavirus nke na-agbasa na Amharic, o mere vidiyo Facebook Live na-agụ ụkpụrụ nduzi CDC na Amharic iji hụ na ndị mbịarambịa ghọtara ọrịa ọhụrụ na ntuziaka ahụike ọha na eze.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Ishisaka|first=Naomi|date=2020-03-13|title=Coronavirus sparks an epidemic of people helping people in Seattle|url=https://www.seattletimes.com/seattle-news/coronavirus-sparks-an-epidemic-of-people-helping-people-in-seattle/|accessdate=2020-06-08|work=The Seattle Times|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ihe ngosi == * Art/Not Terminal Gallery na Seattle Center "Truth Be Told" Dec. 2, 2016 – Jan. 2, 2017; Solo show<ref name="Johnson 2018">{{Cite news|url=https://www.cityartsmagazine.com/yadesa-bojia-speaks-people-truth-told/|title=Yadesa Bojia Speaks for the People in 'Truth Be Told' – City Arts Magazine|author=Johnson|first=Barry|date=2017-12-01|work=City Arts Magazine|accessdate=2018-09-13|publisher=City Arts Media|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFJohnson2017">Johnson, Barry (2017-12-01). [https://www.cityartsmagazine.com/yadesa-bojia-speaks-people-truth-told/ "Yadesa Bojia Speaks for the People in 'Truth Be Told' – City Arts Magazine"]. ''City Arts Magazine''. City Arts Media<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-09-13</span></span>.</cite></ref> * Columbia City Gallery, "Black Lives Matter", Mee 2015; Ihe ngosi otu<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thestranger.com/events/22108005/black-lives-matter|title=Black Lives Matter|work=The Stranger|language=en|accessdate=2018-09-13}}</ref> * Northwest African American Museum, "Ethiopian Treasures, November 6, 2010; Group show, curated by Leul * Northwest African American Museum, June 26 – August 7, 2010; Solo show, curated by Flavia S. Zúñiga-West * Seattle Municipal Building, Group show, nke Esther Ervin haziri * Tashiro/Kaplan Building in Pioneer Square, solo show, "Interpreting the Black Journey," Jan 6 – April 15, 2010 * Seattle Pacific Science Center, "Lucy's Legacy Exhibit," September 8 – March 9; Group show, curated by Diana Johns<ref name="Fasil">{{Cite news|author=Bojia|first=Yadessa|title=Ethiopia: Yadessa Bojia – On Art and Activism – 'Where There Is Pain There Is a Loud Noise'|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201612230585.html|accessdate=16 September 2018|work=Addis Standard (Addis Ababa)|date=September 2016}}</ref> * South Seattle Community College Gallery, "Here to There," May 19 – June 13, 2008; Solo show * Studio 911, Yadesa Bojia, Nọvemba - Disemba, 2007; Ihe ngosi nke naanị ya * Artist Gallery of Seattle, "The Invisibles," August – September 2007; Solo show, curated by Bryan Ubagns * Artist Gallery of Seattle, Yadesa Bojia, December 2006 – June 2007; Group show == Akwụkwọ ndị a họọrọ == * Onye na-enye aka, All Power: Visual Legacies of the Black Panther Party (2016) Minor Matters Books. * Illustrator, Lucy's Legacy: The Hidden Treasures of Ethiopia: Recipes from Afar and Near (2008); Editor, Judy Gouldthorpe. Documentary Media.  [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9781933245140|9781933245140]] * Onye edemede, The ''Art'' of Yadesa Bojia (2020); Onye nchịkọta akụkọ, Yadesa Bojia.  [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780578626697|9780578626697]] == Ndụ onwe ya == A mụrụ Yadesa Bojia na Ambo, Ethiopia, n'ezinụlọ nwere ego. Mgbe Bojia dị afọ abụọ, nna ya, Zewge Bojia, bụ onye otu ndị agha mgbanwe gburu n'oge agha obodo Etiopia. Nna Bojia bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, a họpụtara ya site na ntuli aka a ma ama ugboro atọ iji jee ozi n'ụlọ omeiwu Etiopia n'oge ọchịchị eze Haile Selassie. O sokwa guzobe Mecha na Tulema Self-Help Organization. Mgbe nna ya nwụsịrị, Bojia na ezinụlọ ya kwagara [[Addis Ababa]] ebe Bojia gara ụlọ akwụkwọ elementrị na nke sekọndrị tupu ha akwaga United States. Mgbe ọ bụ nwata, Bojia kwụrụ na ọ hụrụ akara obi ike nke eserese Ndị Kraịst Ọtọdọks n'anya. O kwụrụ na ihe oyiyi ndị a kpaliri mmasị ya na nka. Otu n'ime ụmụnne Bojia bi na [[Washington, D.C.|Washington]], DC ma Thomas Friedman gbara ya ajụjụ ọnụ maka akwụkwọ ya, Thank You For Being Late .<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/book-excerpt-thomas-friedmans-late/story?id=43492150|title=Book Excerpt: Thomas Friedman's "Thank You for Being Late"|date=2016-11-14|work=ABC News|language=en|accessdate=2018-09-13}}</ref> Bojia lụrụ Hewan Gebremicheal, ha nwere ụmụ abụọ, Becca na Isaiah Bojia.<ref name="Dizik 2018">{{Cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/when-your-kid-is-the-family-photographer-1494424447|title=When Your Kid Is the Family Photographer|author=Dizik|first=Alina|date=2017-05-10|work=Wall Street Journal|accessdate=2018-09-13|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFDizik2017">Dizik, Alina (2017-05-10). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/when-your-kid-is-the-family-photographer-1494424447 "When Your Kid Is the Family Photographer"]. ''Wall Street Journal''. [[ISSN (njirimara)|ISSN]]&nbsp;[//www.worldcat.org/issn/0099-9660 0099-9660]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-09-13</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Ebensidee == <references />   == Njikọ mpụga == * Official website [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] kr58w5hjdta45s9xx5xc13mypwq4uqg 0 14691 85921 78475 2022-07-30T18:50:22Z Lebron jay 12508 +image #WPWPIG wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Mohamed Melehi, Le360 - May 4, 2019.jpg|thumb]]   [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Mohammed Melehi''' (12 Nọvemba 1936 - 28 Ọktoba 2020) bụ onye Morocco na-ese ihe na ụlọ akwụkwọ Casablanca, otu ndị na-arụ ọrụ na 1960s na Morocco.<ref>{{Cite web|title=محمد المليحي|url=http://www.encyclopedia.mathaf.org.qa/ar/bios/Pages/Mohammed-Melehi.aspx|accessdate=2020-10-28|work=www.encyclopedia.mathaf.org.qa}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Mohammed Melehi|url=http://www.encyclopedia.mathaf.org.qa/en/bios/Pages/Mohammed-Melehi.aspx|accessdate=2020-10-28|work=www.encyclopedia.mathaf.org.qa}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=Covid-19: décès à Paris de l'artiste marocain Mohamed Melehi|url=https://ledesk.ma/encontinu/covid-19-deces-de-lartiste-marocain-mohamed-melehi/|accessdate=2020-10-28|work=Le Desk|language=en-US}}</ref> == Mmalite ndụ == A mụrụ Melehi Asilah, [[Morocco]]. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na School of Fine Arts of Tetuan (1953 - 1955), mgbe ahụ na ''Real Academia de Bellas Artes de Santa Isabel de Hungría'' na Seville (1955), ''Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando'' (1956), Accademia di Belle Arti di Roma (1960), na Académie des Beaux-Arts (1957-1960).<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Mohammed Melehi|url=http://www.encyclopedia.mathaf.org.qa/en/bios/Pages/Mohammed-Melehi.aspx|accessdate=2020-10-28|work=www.encyclopedia.mathaf.org.qa}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.encyclopedia.mathaf.org.qa/en/bios/Pages/Mohammed-Melehi.aspx "Mohammed Melehi"]. ''www.encyclopedia.mathaf.org.qa''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-10-28</span></span>.</cite></ref> Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na ''École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts'' na Paris.<ref name=":0" /> Ọ kwagara Minneapolis na-enwe olileanya ịmụ gbasara ihe owuwu, mana ọ malitere ịkụzi eserese na Minneapolis School of Art kama.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|title=Third Text|url=http://thirdtext.org/melehi-montazami|accessdate=2022-03-03|work=thirdtext.org|language=en}}</ref> Mgbe ahụ, ọ natara Rockefeller Foundation fellowship wee gaa Mahadum Columbia na New York (1962-1964).<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":4" /> == Ọrụ == Melehi ghọrọ prọfesọ na School of Fine Arts nke Casablanca, ebe ọ kụziri eserese, ihe ọkpụkpụ, na foto (1964 - 1969).<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Mohammed Melehi|url=http://www.encyclopedia.mathaf.org.qa/en/bios/Pages/Mohammed-Melehi.aspx|accessdate=2020-10-28|work=www.encyclopedia.mathaf.org.qa}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.encyclopedia.mathaf.org.qa/en/bios/Pages/Mohammed-Melehi.aspx "Mohammed Melehi"]. ''www.encyclopedia.mathaf.org.qa''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-10-28</span></span>.</cite></ref> N'oge ahụ, ọ bụ [[Farid Belkahia]] duziri ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ, onye Melehi ga-eso mepụta ụlọ akwụkwọ Casablanca.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-04-12|title=Give us a swirl: How Mohamed Melehi became Morocco's modernist master|url=http://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2019/apr/12/mohamed-melehi-casablanca-art-school-mosaic-rooms-london|accessdate=2020-10-28|work=the Guardian|language=en}}</ref> Ọ nwụrụ na Paris. === Exposition-Manifeste === N'afọ 1969, Melehi na ndị ọrụ ibe ya nke ụlọ akwụkwọ Casablanca, nke gụnyere [[Farid Belkahia]] na [[Mohamed Chabâa]], haziri ihe ngosi-manifeste, ma ọ bụ ihe ngosi ngagharị iwe, nke akpọrọ Présence plastique .<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=2019-04-12|title=Give us a swirl: How Mohamed Melehi became Morocco's modernist master|url=http://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2019/apr/12/mohamed-melehi-casablanca-art-school-mosaic-rooms-london|accessdate=2020-10-30|work=the Guardian|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web|date=2020-01-08|title=Expo: Hamidi, un artiste affranchi|url=https://www.leconomiste.com/article/1055512-expo-hamidi-un-artiste-affranchi|accessdate=2020-10-30|work=L'Economiste|language=fr}}</ref> Ndị na-ese ihe gosipụtara ọrụ ha na Jemaa el-Fnaa na Marrakesh medina, na-eleghara ụlọ ọrụ nka nke Morocco anya n'otu oge ahụ.<ref name=":1" /> A na-ewere ihe ngosi a dị ka oge ntọala nke oge a na Morocco.<ref name=":2" /> "Anyị weere ọnọdụ megide gọọmentị," ka Melehi kwuru n'ajụjụ ọnụ ya na The Guardian, "Ọrụ anyị nọ na Jemaa el-Fnaa square ruo otu izu, na-ekpughe anyanwụ na ifufe. Ọ bụ ozi echiche banyere ihe nka nwere ike ịbụ. '<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=2019-04-12|title=Give us a swirl: How Mohamed Melehi became Morocco's modernist master|url=http://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2019/apr/12/mohamed-melehi-casablanca-art-school-mosaic-rooms-london|accessdate=2020-10-30|work=the Guardian|language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2019/apr/12/mohamed-melehi-casablanca-art-school-mosaic-rooms-london "Give us a swirl: How Mohamed Melehi became Morocco's modernist master"]. ''the Guardian''. 2019-04-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-10-30</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Ọnwụ == Melehi nwụrụ n'ụlọ ọgwụ Ambroise Paré dị na Boulogne-Billancourt dị nso na Paris mgbe ọ dị afọ iri asatọ na anọ ụbọchị ole na ole mgbe ọ butere ọrịa COVID-19 n'oge ọrịa COVID-19 na France.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=Covid-19: décès à Paris de l'artiste marocain Mohamed Melehi|url=https://ledesk.ma/encontinu/covid-19-deces-de-lartiste-marocain-mohamed-melehi/|accessdate=2020-10-28|work=Le Desk|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://ledesk.ma/encontinu/covid-19-deces-de-lartiste-marocain-mohamed-melehi/ "Covid-19: décès à Paris de l'artiste marocain Mohamed Melehi"]. ''Le Desk''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-10-28</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} 74mr7927rl0tuajf09zwuxml1550u3g 0 14805 85922 78606 2022-07-30T18:53:06Z Lebron jay 12508 +image #WPWPIG wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Ron Wimberly at Small Press Expo.jpg|thumb]]   [[Category:Redundant infobox title param|Ronald Wimberly]] [[Category:Comics infobox image less alt text|Ronald Wimberly]] [[Category:Comics creator pop|Ronald Wimberly]] [[Category:Comics creator BLP pop|Ronald Wimberly]] [[Category:Track variant DoB|Ronald Wimberly]] [[Category:Pages using infobox comics creator with unknown parameters|subcatRonald Wimberly]] '''Ronald Wimberly''' (amụrụ na 28 Eprel 1979) bụ onye America na-ese ihe (onye na-ese ihe osise na onye na-eme ihe nkiri). O bipụtala ọtụtụ akwụkwọ akụkọ, yana ọrụ dị mkpụmkpụ maka ''The New Yorker'', DC / Vertigo, Nike, Marvel, Hill na Wang, na Dark Horse Comics . Wimberly bụ onye nwere obibi na Columbus Museum of Art comics n'afọ 2016, ọ bụkwa onye na-ese ihe osise ugboro abụọ na Angoulême's Maison des Auteurs . Ọ bụ onye natara Glyph Comics Award nke afọ 2008, a họpụtakwara ya maka Will Eisner Comic Industry Awards abụọ. == Mmalite ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Ronald Wimberly na 28 Eprel 1979 ma zụlite ya na gburugburu [[Washington, D.C.|Washington]]<ref>[[Sheena C. Howard]], ''Encyclopedia of Black Comics'', 2017, p. 228</ref>, DC Ọ gụrụ ihe atụ na Brooklyn na Pratt Institute site na 1997 ruo 2001, ma ugbu a, ọ na-ebi ma na-arụ ọrụ na New York City. == Ọrụ == Ọrụ mbụ Wimberly bipụtara bụ Gratuitous Ninja: Tangerine nke e bipụtara na 2004 Dark Horse Comics anthology Strip Search .<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.syfy.com/syfywire/indie-comic-spotlight-ronald-wimberly-on-prince-of-cats|title=Indie Comic Spotlight: Ronald Wimberly is one of the most breathlessly talented people in comics|author=Horne|first=Karama|date=2018-08-23|work=SYFY WIRE|language=en|accessdate=2019-02-03}}</ref> Wimberly guzobere ezi aha ngwa ngwa dị ka onye na-ese ihe osise na onye na-akọ akụkọ na-enwe mmasị na omume anụ ahụ na anatomy mmadụ, na akụkọ na-enyocha akụkọ akụkọ. Ka ọ na-erule afọ 2007, ọ rụrụ ọrụ maka ụlọ ọrụ dị iche iche dị ka onye na-ese ihe na <nowiki><i id="mwKw">onye</i></nowiki> na-emepụta ọtụtụ utu aha, nke gụnyere <nowiki><i id="mwJQ">Swamp Thing</i></nowiki>, <nowiki><i id="mwJw">Lucifer</i></nowiki>, ''Metal Hurlant'', Deadman na Dark Horse Presents .<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.comicbookdb.com/creator.php?ID=2013|title=Ronald Wimberly - 'D-π' - Comic Book DB|work=www.comicbookdb.com|accessdate=2019-02-03}}</ref> N'afọ 2007, Wimberly gosipụtara ọrụ akwụkwọ mbụ ya, Sentences: The Life of MF Grimm, ihe ncheta eserese nke onye na-ese egwu hip hop Percy Carey (nke a maara nke ọma dị ka MF Grimm) dere, DC / Vertigo weputara ya. A họpụtara Sentences maka Eisner Awards abụọ n'afọ 2008, ma nata Glyph Awards abụọ n'afọ 2008 (maka Akụkọ kacha mma na mkpuchi kacha mma).<ref name="auto2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.cbr.com/2008-eisner-nominations-announced/|title=2008 Eisner Nominations Announced {{!}} CBR|work=www.cbr.com|accessdate=2019-02-03}}</ref><ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.comicsbeat.com/2008-glyph-award-winners/|title=Syndicated Comics|date=2008-05-19|work=The Beat|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-02-03}}</ref> N'afọ 2012, Wimberly kere, dee ma gosipụta akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ ya, ''Prince'' of Cats, remix nke oge a nke ''Romeo na Juliet''. Ọ bụ DC / Vertigo wepụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ nnukwu otuto, ma mesịa pụta na mbipụta siri ike site na Image Comics .<ref name="auto1">{{Cite web|url=http://sktchd.com/interview/image-expo-ron-wimberly-talks-the-return-of-prince-of-cats-at-image/|title=Image Expo: Ronald Wimberly Talks the Return of Prince of Cats at Image|work=SKTCHD|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-02-03}}</ref> N'ịgbaso ọrụ na Marvel's ''She-Hulk'', Wimberly dere ma gosipụta ihe ọchị maka The Nib nke akpọrọ "Lighten Up", nke ọ nyochara ụzọ agbụrụ, ụcha akpụkpọ ahụ, na ịga n'ihu site n'aka ndị nchịkọta akụkọ Marvel Comics, yana ụlọ ọrụ na-atọ ọchị n'ozuzu ya. A gụrụ ma kwurịta ihe nkiri a n'ọtụtụ ebe, a họpụtakwara ya maka Will Eisner Comics Industry Award for Best Digital Comic .<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/codeswitch/2015/03/20/394246367/a-cartoonists-story-about-the-time-he-was-told-to-lighten-up-a-character|title=The Time A Cartoonist Was Told To 'Lighten Up' A Character|work=NPR.org|language=en|accessdate=2019-02-03}}</ref> Na 2016, Image Comics kwupụtara mmekọrịta na-aga n'ihu nke ha na Wimberly nwere nke gụnyere mbipụta ọhụrụ nke ''Prince'' of Cats, 2017's Black History In Its Own Words, na ọtụtụ ọrụ ndị ọzọ na-abịanụ. N'afọ 2018, Legendary Entertainment họọrọ ''Prince'' of Cats maka mgbanwe sinima, ma ugbu a, onye na-ede ihe nkiri Selwyn Hinds na onye na-eme ihe nkiri Lakeith Stanfield jikọtara ya na kpakpando.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2018/07/prince-of-cats-lakeith-stanfield-legendary-movie-deal-1202437823/|title=Legendary Lands Graphic Novel 'Prince Of Cats' As Star Vehicle For Lakeith Stanfield|author=Fleming|first=Mike Jr.|date=2018-08-01|work=Deadline|language=en|accessdate=2019-02-03}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newsarama.com/41193-prince-of-cats-film-adaptation-in-the-works.html|title=PRINCE OF CATS Film Adaptation in the Works - Report|work=Newsarama|language=en|accessdate=2019-02-03}}</ref> Wimberly emepụtala ''LAAB'', akwụkwọ akụkọ na-aga n'ihu na-ụdị akwụkwọ akụkọ, "pop-culture dialectic". Akwụkwọ Wimberly na-abịanụ gụnyere Slave Punk na ''Sunset Park'' maka Image Comics, na ọrụ na-aga n'ihu LAAB ''Magazine'' maka Beehive Books.<ref name="auto1">{{Cite web|url=http://sktchd.com/interview/image-expo-ron-wimberly-talks-the-return-of-prince-of-cats-at-image/|title=Image Expo: Ronald Wimberly Talks the Return of Prince of Cats at Image|work=SKTCHD|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-02-03}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://sktchd.com/interview/image-expo-ron-wimberly-talks-the-return-of-prince-of-cats-at-image/ "Image Expo: Ronald Wimberly Talks the Return of Prince of Cats at Image"]. ''SKTCHD''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-02-03</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Ihe nrite na nsọpụrụ == * 2008 - Eisner Award nominee for Best Reality-Based Work (for Sentences)<ref name="auto2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.cbr.com/2008-eisner-nominations-announced/|title=2008 Eisner Nominations Announced {{!}} CBR|work=www.cbr.com|accessdate=2019-02-03}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.cbr.com/2008-eisner-nominations-announced/ "2008 Eisner Nominations Announced | CBR"]. ''www.cbr.com''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-02-03</span></span>.</cite></ref> * 2008 - Glyph Award for Best Cover (for Sentences)<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.comicsbeat.com/2008-glyph-award-winners/|title=Syndicated Comics|date=2008-05-19|work=The Beat|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-02-03}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.comicsbeat.com/2008-glyph-award-winners/ "Syndicated Comics"]. ''The Beat''. 2008-05-19<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-02-03</span></span>.</cite></ref> * 2008 - Glyph Award for Best Story (for Sentences)<ref name="auto" /> * 2016 - Eisner Award nominee for Best Digital Comic (for "Lighten Up")<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.avclub.com/2016-eisner-nominees-include-squirrel-girl-giant-days-1798246376|title=2016 Eisner nominees include Squirrel Girl, Giant Days, and Bitch Planet|author=Barsanti|first=Sam|work=News|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-02-03}}</ref> * 2015 - Angoulême Maison Des Auteurs Cartoonist In Residence<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.vancaf.com/2018/04/30/new-featured-guests-for-vancaf-2018-craig-thompson-ronald-wimberly-and-steve-skroce/|title=New Featured Guests for VanCAF 2018: Craig Thompson, Ronald Wimberly, and Steve Skroce {{!}} VanCAF 2019 - May 18 & 19|author=Andrea Demonakos|language=en-CA|accessdate=2019-02-03}}</ref> * 2016 - Angoulême Maison Des Auteurs Cartoonist In Residence<ref name=":0" /> * 2016 - Graphic Novel Residency - Columbus Museum of Art<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.comicsreporter.com/index.php/cr_sunday_conversation_ronald_wimberly/|title=The Comics Reporter|work=www.comicsreporter.com|accessdate=2019-02-03}}</ref> * ''-'' 2019 Eisner Award nominee for LAAB ''Magazine'' No. 0: Dark Matter, edited by Ronald Wimberly and Josh O'Neill (Beehive Books) * - 2020 Eisner Award nominee forLAAB Magazine, vol. 4: This Was Your Life, edited by Ronald Wimberly and Josh O’Neill (Beehive Books) == Akwụkwọ ọgụgụ == * {{Cite book|author=Carey, Percy|authorlink=MF Grimm|others=Drawn by Ronald Wimberly|title=Sentences|location=|publisher=|year=2007 <!--|isbn=-->}} * {{Cite book|author=Wimberly, Ronald|title=Prince of Cats|location=|publisher=|year=2012 <!--|isbn=-->}} * {{Cite journal|author=Wimberly, Ronald|date=December 28, 2020|title=Pandemic paper doll|journal=The New Yorker|volume=96|issue=42|pages=42–43|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2020/12/28/pandemic-paper-doll <!--|accessdate=2021-03-15-->}} * {{Cite journal|author=Wimberly, Ronald|date=January 17, 2022|title=King Arrested for Loitering, 1958|journal=The New Yorker|volume=97|issue=45|pages=cover|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2022/01/17 <!--|accessdate=2022-01-17-->}} == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Official website {{authority control}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] l0gqywrxyzuk52vo64v71am7sx0crh7 0 14863 85919 78664 2022-07-30T18:42:03Z Lebron jay 12508 +image #WPWPIG wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Melanie Scholtz.jpg|thumb]]   [[Category:Articles with short description]] [[Category:Short description is different from Wikidata]] [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Melanie Scholtz''' bụ onye South Africa na-agụ egwu jazz, onye na-ede egwu, onye na-agba egwu na onye na-eme ihe nkiri nke mere ngosi ya na Wynton Marsalis, The Jazz na Lincoln Center Orchestra, na Hugh Masakela.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Star-studded Line-up at 'Stardust Classics'|url=https://www.pressreader.com/south-africa/cape-times/20160223/281827167835003|work=PressReader.com|publisher=Cape Times|accessdate=23 February 2016}}</ref> == Mmalite ndụ == A mụrụ Scholtz na Cape Town South Africa n'ime ezinụlọ egwu. Ọ malitere ọmụmụ piano mgbe ọ dị afọ ise ma mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na isii, ọ malitere ọzụzụ olu ya na onye ọmụmụ soprano May Abrahams. Site n'afọ 1997-2000 Scholtz gara Mahadum nke Cape Town ebe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ Cum Laude na Performers Diploma na Opera. == Ọrụ == Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum nke Cape Town, Scholtz pụtara nghọpụta nwanyí South Africa nke afọ n'afọ 2001 South African Woman of the Year Awards show. N'afọ sochirinụ, ọ laghachiri na South African Woman of the Year Awards Show na South African Music Award Winner, Mozambican guitarist Jimmy Dludlu, na-eme egwu ha bụ Peaceful Moment nke Melanie dere abụ ahụ. N'afọ 2002, o ritere ihe nrite Best Jazz Vocalist Award na Old Mutual Jazz Encounters . Scholtz wepụtara abọm mbụ ya bụ ''Zillion Miles''<ref>{{Cite web|author=Hawkins|first=Seton|title=Melanie Scholtz Zillion Miles|url=https://www.allaboutjazz.com/zillion-miles-melanie-scholtz-loudberry-review-by-seton-hawkins.php|work=All About Jazz|accessdate=24 September 2006}}</ref> n'afọ 2006. Ọ bụ Thor Kvande mepụtara abọm ahụ ma dekọọ ya na Paris Studios na Cape Town. N'afọ 2010, Scholtz ritere ihe nrite Standard Bank Artist Award.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Melanie Scholtz|url=http://news.artsmart.co.za/2010/01/melanie-scholtz.html|work=artsmart.co.za|publisher=artSmart|accessdate=10 January 2010}}</ref> Ole Jørn Myklebust bụ onye Scholtz na ya gara ma dekọọ abọm ya nke abụọ bụ Connected. N'otu afọ ahụ, ọ wepụtara Living Standards, mgbalị mbụ ya na-edekọ ihe ọdịnala jazz.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Melanie Scholtz on her new Album, Living Standards|url=https://www.capetownmagazine.com/music-south-africa/melanie-scholtz-on-her-new-album-living-standards/102_22_17122|work=Cape Town Magazine.com|publisher=Cape Town Magazine.com}}</ref> Scholtz wepụtara ''Freedom's Child - Melanie Scholtz na-abụ abụ James Matthews''<ref>{{Cite web|title=Jazz Meets Poetry|url=https://www.expressoshow.com/articles/Melanie-Scholtz-and-James-Matthews?articleID=5344|work=Espresson Show|accessdate=17 September 2013}}</ref> n'afọ 2013. Mmekọrịta ya na onye na-emegide ịkpa ókè agbụrụ na onye na-ede uri bụ James Mathews bụ nke Mark Fransman mepụtara ma gosipụta onye saxophonist Soweto Kinch. Abọm ahụ nwere abụ iri na otu nke Matthews site na anthologies dị iche iche nke e debere na egwu Scholtz. N'otu afọ ahụ, Scholtz wepụtara ''Oge Anyị''<ref>{{Cite web|author=Wilkins|first=Tim|title=South Africa's Melanie Scholtz & Jitsvinger|url=http://internal.wbgo.org/checkoutjazz/south-africas-melanie-scholtz-jitsvinger|work=WBGO.org|publisher=NPR Radio|accessdate=27 May 2015}}</ref> nke Bokani Dyer mepụtara. Scholtz kwagara Czech Republic n'afọ 2015 wee rụọ ọrụ n'ebe ahụ dị ka onye na-ede egwu mgbe ọ na-arụ ọrụ onwe ya na Europe. N'afọ 2017 Melanie kwagara New York City wee malite ịrụ ọrụ na Jazz na Lincoln Centre nzukọ dị ka akụkụ nke ọmụmụ ihe na-egosipụta South African na American Jazz. E gosipụtara ya dị ka akụkụ nke The Great South African Songbook Tour na Wynton Marsalis na The Jazz na Lincoln Center Orchestra, na-eme na New York, Chicago, Vienna na South Africa.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Neophytou|first=Nadia|title=Wynton Marsalis and More Celebrate the Sounds of Post-Apartheid South African Jazz in New York|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/international/8529988/south-african-song-book-wynton-marsalis-jazz-at-lincoln-center|work=Billboard|publisher=Billboard|accessdate=14 September 2019}}</ref> == Discografị == === Albọm Dị Ka Onye Ndú === * 2006 - ''Zillion Miles'' * 2010 - ''Connected'' * 2010 - ''Living Standards'' * 2013 - ''Freedom Child'' * 2013 - ''Our Time'' === Ndị dị otu === * 2005 - Goldfish, "Times May Change You", Caught In The Loop (Mango Music) * 2015 - Melanie Scholtz, ''Simple Melody'' * 2018 - ''Ekele'' (ya na Sir LSG), Moving Circles === Albọm ndị ahọpụtara === * 2001 - Jimmy Dludlu, ''Afrocentric'' (Universal Music) * 2009 - Ivan Mazuze, ''Maganda'' * 2010 - Inkala, Live in Varanger * 2011 - Sverre Gjørvad, Patience For The Little Things (Reflect) * 2011 - Marco Miro, Call Love, Muriel * 2016 - Emilio Marinelli, Trio 4.0 * 2018 - Marco Miro, You Love Me Anyway * 2018 - Special of the Day, The First Course == Ihe nrite == * 2002 - Onye mmeri "Best Jazz Vocalist" Old Mutual Jazz Encounters<ref>{{Cite web|title=Jazz Encounters in concert|url=https://www.news24.com/news24/jazz-encounters-in-concert-20021011|work=News24|accessdate=11 October 2002}}</ref> * 2010 - Standard Bank Artist of the Year Award<ref>{{Cite web|title=A journey through jazz|url=https://mg.co.za/article/2010-07-28-a-journey-through-jazz/|work=Mail & Guardian|accessdate=28 July 2020}}</ref> * 2012 - Jazz A Juan Revelations Festival na Juan Le Pins, Jury Prize, RTL prize na The Public Prize<ref>{{Cite web|title=South African Jazz Singer Melanie Scholtz Wins Big at French Jazz Festival|url=https://atlantablackstar.com/2012/07/16/south-african-jazz-singer-melanie-scholtz-wins-big-at-french-jazz-festival/|publisher=Atlanta Black Star|accessdate=12 July 2012}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aToDOlaJ4W4 When Jazz and Poetry collide: Melanie Scholtz perform "Weave me a Fantasy"] * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vka9hcAiAaI MELANIE SCHOLTZ OUR TIME 2013] * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZQQ43kBZdSk Freedom's Child - Melanie Scholtz na-abụ abụ J. Matthews] [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] g1ol8rh75cxpbl6c1j5ainkwwko3m2d 0 14961 85956 78785 2022-07-31T04:28:34Z Lebron jay 12508 +image #WPWPIG wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Artist Pat Ward Williams at the premiere of Through A Lens Darkly, April 4, 2014.jpg|thumb]]   [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Pat Ward Williams''' (amụrụ n'afọ 1948) bụ onye Afrịka-Amerịka na-ese foto nke ọrụ ya na-etinyekarị aka na mgbagwoju anya nke agbụrụ, okike, na akụkọ ihe mere eme.<ref name="Michigan">{{Cite web|title=Pat Ward Williams|url=http://www.umich.edu/~ws483/pww.htm|work=Women's Studies 483|publisher=University of Michigan|accessdate=March 13, 2014}}</ref> Na mgbakwunye na obere foto ya na ntinye ya, o meela ihe osise ọha na eze atọ na Los Angeles. Williams nwere BFA na Moore College of Art and Design (1982) na MFA na Maryland Institute College of Art (1987).<ref name="CV">{{Cite web|title=Pat W Williams Curriculum Vitae|url=http://www.fsu.edu/cvdb/PWILLIAMS.rtf|work=Florida State University Faculty Profiles|accessdate=March 13, 2014}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Otu n'ime ọrụ Williams a maara nke ọma bụ Accused / Blowtorch / Padlock (1986), nke nwere ihe oyiyi nke nwoke ojii nke ejikọtara n'osisi (nke e bipụtara na mbụ na magazin Life n'afọ 1937 ma ọ bụghị onye na-ese foto kpọmkwem), nke ederede gbara gburugburu na-egosipụta mmeghachi omume ''onye'' na-ese ihe na foto a.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Doss|first=Erika|title=Twentieth-Century American Art|url=https://archive.org/details/twentiethcentury00doss|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|date=2002}}</ref> E tinyela ebubo / Blowtorch / Padlock na ihe ngosi dị ka The Decade Show, nnukwu ''ihe ngosi'' mmekorita nke New Museum, Studio Museum na Harlem, na The Museum of Contemporary Hispanic ''Art'', yana Art, Women, California n'afọ 1950– rụọ afọ 2000: Parallels and Intersections na San Jose Museum of Art.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Pat Ward Williams|url=http://archive.newmuseum.org/index.php/Detail/Entity/Show/entity_id/2056|work=New Museum Digital Archive|accessdate=March 13, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|editor=Burgess Fuller|title=Art, Women, California 1950–2000: Parallels and Intersections|year=2002|publisher=University of California Press|location=Berkeley|isbn=978-0-520-23065-1|url=https://archive.org/details/artwomencaliforn00full}}</ref> Williams so na Photo-Active Feminist Visiting Artists n'afọ 1998–99 Series, nke National Endowment for the Arts na Mahadum nke Michigan School of Art and Design and Women's Studies Program kwadoro. A họọrọ otu ndị na-ese ihe, nke gụnyekwara Paula Allen, Barbara Kruger, Susan Meiselas, Connie Samaras, Kathy Constantinides, Wendy Ewald, na Marilyn Zimmerman, maka itinye aka na nsogbu mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na ọrụ ha wee gaa Mahadum Michigan iji gosi ụmụ akwụkwọ na obodo ọrụ ha.<ref name="Michigan">{{Cite web|title=Pat Ward Williams|url=http://www.umich.edu/~ws483/pww.htm|work=Women's Studies 483|publisher=University of Michigan|accessdate=March 13, 2014}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.umich.edu/~ws483/pww.htm "Pat Ward Williams"]. ''Women's Studies 483''. University of Michigan<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 13,</span> 2014</span>.</cite></ref> N'afọ 1992, Williams bipụtara katalọgụ ngosi Probable Cause, nke nwere ọtụtụ foto ndị e gosipụtara na Goldie Paley Gallery na Moore College of Art and Design.<ref name="Probable">{{Cite book|author=Williams|first=Pat Ward|title=Probable Cause|year=1992|publisher=The Goldie Paley Gallery|location=Philadelphia}}</ref> [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] dvgbpit0zrgk0q2f3axb5xf0nv7i9ki 0 15005 85947 78830 2022-07-31T04:08:41Z Lebron jay 12508 +image #WPWPIG wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Edoardo Villa.jpg|thumb]] '''Edoardo Daniele Villa''' (afọ 1915 rụọ afọ 2011) bụ onye ama ama na South Africa na-akpụ ihe n'agbụrụ Ịtali bụ onye na-arụ ọrụ na ígwè, na ọla nchara.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.gsb.uct.ac.za/newsletter/v2/story.asp?intArticleID=957|title=Archived copy|accessdate=2010-06-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100209205636/http://www.gsb.uct.ac.za/newsletter/v2/story.asp?intArticleID=957|archivedate=2010-02-09}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://elisabeth-bradley.com/sculptors/Villa.htm|title=Archived copy|accessdate=2010-06-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710181425/http://elisabeth-bradley.com/sculptors/Villa.htm|archivedate=2011-07-10}}</ref> == Mmalite ndụ == A mụrụ Villa na Bergamo, Italy ma ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Andrea Fontini Art School . Ógè ọ na-amụ ihe ọkpụkpụ na Milan, n'afọ 1939, a kpọbatara Villa n'ihe banyere afọ abụọ n'ime ndị agha Ịtali mgbe Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ malitere. Ka ọ na-erule afọ 1940, e zigara ya na North Africa, ebe ndị Bekee merụrụ ya ahụ ma jide ya n'Ijipt. Oge ụfọdụ n'etiti afọ 1941 na afọ 1942, e zigara ya South Africa ebe ọ nọrọ afọ anọ sochirinụ n'ogige ndị mkpọrọ nke agha Zonderwater. E mepere Zonderwater n'ọnwa Febụwarị n'afọ 1941 na njedebe nke afọ 1942 ma jide ndị mkpọrọ mmadụ puku iri isii na atọ n'okpuru nlekọta nke Colonel H.F. Prinsloo onye Villa mechara kpụọ isi ya na ọla nchara maka ihe ngosi nka ndị agha. Mgbe a tọhapụrụ ya, Villa nọgidere na South Africa ebe ọ gara n'ihu na ọrụ ya dị ka onye na-akpụ ihe. == Mmalite ọrụ == Villa bịdọrọ ọrụ na isi na ọnụ ọgụgụ nkịtị ma gbanwee iji rụọ ọrụ na abstractions stylized. Ọrụ ya gụnyere nkọwa na-enweghị isi màkà ọnọdụ mmadụ mana ọ na-ejigide ọtụtụ echiche ihe atụ. Ọrụ Villa nwere njikọ ọdịbendị siri ike nke gụnyere ndị Ịtali na ndị Afrịka. Ọ bụ cubism nke Picasso (onye chọpụtara nka Afrịka na Paris na Trocadero) mara ya n'ụzọ doro anya. Villa gbara ajụjụ ọnụ nke o kwuru, "Ógè m bụsịrị onye mkpọrọ nke agha na South Africa, ekpebiri m ịnọ ma bídó ọrụ m n'ihi ohere dị maka ihe banyere ndị ntorobịa, 'oghere mepere emepe' na-emegide ndụ 'mechie' nke kọntinent. Ihe niile dị na Europe m chere na e meela, jụọ m ajụjụ ma ike gwụrụ m. N'ebe a, na Afrịka, enwere m mmetụta na enwere m ohere inyocha ... Ọ bụrụ na ihe ọ bụla nwere ike ichikota nchegbu m dị mkpa na nka, ọ bụ nke mmadụ na onye ọ bụla - ọnọdụ mmadụ .... Ebe ngosi ihe mgbe ochie dị ịtụnanya mana òkè mmadụ, ịbịaru nso n'ahụ na itinye aka n'ahụ dị mkpa karị.''<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.swelco.co.za/Index.cfm?fuseaction=news.start&ID=3520056|title=Archived copy|accessdate=2010-06-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111009062804/http://www.swelco.co.za/Index.cfm?fuseaction=news.start&ID=3520056|archivedate=2011-10-09}}</ref>'' == Ụdị na usoro == Ihe ọkpụkpụ Villa mepụtara n'ihu n'oge afọ 1950s, ógè eji ígwè na ọla nchara. N'oge a, ọ kụzikwaara na Polly Art Centre na Johannesburg. E hiwere Polly Art Centre dị ka ụlọ akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ ndị okenye; n'afọ 1952 a gbanwere ya ka ọ bụrụ ebe nka na ngosi. Ruo mgbe emechiri ya na 1960, ọ bụ naanị ebe - ma e wezụga ụlọ ngosi ole na ole nke onwe - ebe ndị oji na-ese ihe na Johannesburg nwere ike ịchụso nka ha ma gosipụta ọrụ ha. N'afọ 1961, ya na Cecil Skotnes, Cecily Sash, Giuseppe Cattaneo na Sydney Kumalo, Villa mejupụtara otu ndị na-ese ihe “Amadlozi” (Zulu maka “ndị nna ochie”) maka iji nlezianya mee ihe n’ọdịnala ihe ọkpụkpụ nke Afrịka. Ọrụ Villa gụnyere nnukwu karịa ntinye ígwè ndụ, dị ka Reclining Figure na Pieter Roos Park, Johannesburg.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://beeldenstad.net/index2.asp?item=1416|title=Archived copy|accessdate=2010-06-04|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20070514153549/http://beeldenstad.net/index2.asp?item=1416|archivedate=2007-05-14}}</ref> Ebumnuche ọrụ a bụ ihe oyiyi egwuregwu maka ụmụaka, nke Anglo American kwụrụ ụgwọ, nke Parktown na Westcliffe Heritage Trust họpụtara ma nye onyinye na Obodo Johannesburg ma kpughee ya site n'aka osote onye isi obodo Johannesburg Kansụl C.E. Fabel n'ubochí asatọ n'ọnwa Septemba n'afọ 1984. Edoardo Villa nọchitere anya South Africa na Venice Biennale ugboro ise ma natawo onyinye na São Paulo Biennales nke 1957 na 1959. O gosipụtala ihe karịrị otu narị ihe ngosi na Italy, Europe, England, Israel, South America, Africa na United States. N'afọ 1994/afọ 1995 Villa nyere ọnụọgụgụ otu narị na iri anọ ndị obere na ọnụọgụgụ irí ndí nnukwu ọrụ na Mahadum Pretoria. N'abalị iri atọ na otu n'ọnwa Mee n'afọ 1995, iji mee emume ncheta ọmụmụ afọ iri asatọ nke onye na-ese ihe, e mepere Edoardo Villa Museum na Mahadum Pretoria, South Africa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://web.up.ac.za/default.asp?ipkCategoryID=10323|title=Archived copy|accessdate=2011-06-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120930140832/http://web.up.ac.za/default.asp?ipkCategoryID=10323|archivedate=2012-09-30}} Edoardo Villa Collection Retrieved June 27, 2011</ref> Villa biri ma rụọ ọrụ n'ụlọ ya na Johannesburg, Ọ bụ enyi onye na-ese ihe na onye nchịkọta nka, Vittorino Meneghelli, onye edemede Jillian Becker na onye na-ewu ụlọ Monty Sack.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://jacarandatribal.blogspot.com/2010/02/vittorino-meneghelli-dies-at-94.html|title=Jacaranda Tribal Art Blog: Vittorino Meneghelli Dies At 94|author=Blog|first=Jacaranda Tribal Art|date=2010-02-21|work=Jacaranda Tribal Art Blog|accessdate=2018-10-23}}</ref> Villa nwụrụ n'ụlọ ọgwụ na 1 Mee 2011 mgbe ọ dị afọ 95. == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Leekwa == * Edoardo Villa Museum aw4m8r0y3cmqmbvg4sifegs444uvpwx 0 15007 85931 78832 2022-07-30T19:42:22Z Lebron jay 12508 +image #WPWPIG wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:National-Women's-Monument.jpg|thumb]] '''Ihe ncheta ụmụ nwanyị nke mba'''<ref name="SAHRA">{{Cite web|url=http://196.35.231.29/sahra/HeritageSitesDetail.aspx?id=27292|title=The Women's Monument entry in the South African Heritage Resources Agency (SAHRA) Registry of Gazetted Sites, Objects and Shipwrecks|publisher=<!--196.35.231.29-->|accessdate=2013-01-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120303215735/http://196.35.231.29/sahra/HeritageSitesDetail.aspx?id=27292|archivedate=2012-03-03}}</ref> (Afrikaans: ) na Bloemfontein, South Africa, bụ ihe ncheta na-echeta ihe dị ka ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụaka Boer puku iri abụọ na asaa nwụrụ n'ogige ịta ahụhụ ndị Britain n'oge Agha Boer nke Abụọ. Ihe ncheta ahụ bụ ebe nchekwa mpaghara na Free State.<ref name="SAHRA" /> Ọ bụ onye na-ewu ụlọ na Pretoria, Frans Soff, na [[Anton van Wouw]] kpụrụ ihe ncheta ahụ. O nwere obelisk dị ihe dị ka mita iri atọ na ise n'ịdị elu na mgbidi dị ala, nke ọkara okirikiri n'akụkụ abụọ. Otu ìgwè ọla nchara etiti, nke Emily Hobhouse sere ma gosipụta ahụmịhe nke ya nke ụbọchị irí na isé n'ọnwa Mee n'afo 1901, bụ nke ụmụ nwanyị abụọ na-eru uju na nwatakịrị na-anwụ anwụ n'ogige Springfontein. E kpughere ihe ncheta ahụ n'ubochí iri na isii n'ọnwa Disemba n'afọ 1913, ihe dị ka ndị South Africa puku iri abụọ gara ya. Afọ iri na atọ ka e mesịrị, e debere ntụ Emily Hobhouse n'okpuru ihe ncheta ahụ. N'akụkụ ihe ncheta ahụ, e nwekwara ili Christiaan de Wet, Rev. John Daniel Kestell, Onye isi oche nke Orange Free State Martinus Steyn, na nwunye ya. == Mmalite == Martinus Steyn, onye isi oche nke Orange Free State Republic n'oge ahụ, kwupụtara echiche nke ihe ncheta ógè ọ na-anata ọgwụgwọ na Europe mgbe Agha Boer gasịrị. Nwunye ya, Rachel Isabella "Tibbie" Steyn, sonyere n'echiche ahụ, ebe ndị ezinụlọ ya na ndị enyi ya nwụnahụrụ n'ogige ịta ahụhụ ndị Britain. Ya na Emily Hobhouse nwekwara mmekọrịta chiri anya. Ógè ọ laghachiri South Africa, Steyn guzobere kọmitii na-eme ihe iji malite ọrụ ahụ. A jụrụ echiche nke iwu ụlọ akwụkwọ ma ọ bụ ụlọ ọgwụ dị ka enweghị mkpali, echiche nke nwetara nkwado site n'aka ndí ọtụtụ òtù Afrikaner. == Ebe == Ihe ncheta ahụ dị ihe dị ka kilomita atọ n'ebe ndịda nke etiti Bloemfontein. N'azụ ugwu ndị gbara ya gburugburu, ihe ncheta ahụ na-agwakọta nke ọma na obodo ugbo obodo ya mere na ndụ Boer a na-echeta n'ebe ahụ. == Nkọwa == Ebe mgbaba (mgbidi ihuenyo) gbárá gburugburu mita iri atọ na ise n'ịdị elu gbara obelisk etiti gburugburu. === Ìgwè ihe ọkpụkpụ === Ndị otu a kpụrụ akpụ gụnyere nwanyị na-enweghị okpu ya, ya na nwa ya na-anwụ anwụ n'apata ụkwụ ya. Nwanyị nke abụọ na-aga n'ebe dị anya, na-akpọ Onyenwe anyị ka ọ hụ ọdachi ahụ. == Ojiji ụlọ akwụkwọ nke ihe ncheta == Ụmụ akwụkwọ nke C&N Sekondêre Meisieskool Oranje ("C&N Girls' Secondary School Orange") na Bloemfontein na-eleta ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ kwa afọ iji cheta onye isi ala Steyn na akụkọ ihe mere eme ya. Nleta ahụ bụ njem kilomita iri site n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ ruo ihe ncheta ahụ. A na-etinye okpueze n'ili Steyn, a na-emekwa ụfọdụ emume dị ka ụmụ akwụkwọ na-ekwe nkwa ịzụlite ikike nke Afrikaner ha, ihe nketa Ndị Kraịst. == Ihe ịchọ mma mgbe e mesịrị == Ihe ngosi mara mma nke ihe ncheta ahụ mụbara ka oge na-aga. Na mgbé izizi, ọ dịghị ndị ikom e gosipụtara, mana site na olili Steyn n'ala ala nke ụlọ ahụ, oge ncheta ọhụrụ bịdọrọ, n'ikpeazụ weta ncheta agha n'ime mpaghara ahụ. Tibbie Steyn kwupụtara nchegbu na iji ala nke ihe ncheta ahụ n'ihe banyere olili nke ndị agha ochie ga-eme ka uche izizi na nhụjuanya nke ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụaka. N'agbanyeghị mkpesa ya, Dr. D. F. Malan liri ya n'afọ 1955 n'akụkụ di ya, otu afọ ógè ọ lara ezumike nká dị ka Prime Minista nke South Africa. Malan kwupụtara na ọ bụ njikọ ikpeazụ na Boer Republics nké izizi. Kemgbe afọ 1960, e wuru ihe ncheta ndị ọzọ nke Agha Boer nke Abụọ n'ala ihe ncheta ụmụ nwanyị, na-eme ka ihe ncheta ahụ bụrụ otu n'ime ebe ndị bụ isi a raara nye ihe nketa agha ahụ. Ụlọ ọrụ ọdịbendị jiri ala ndị gbara ya gburugburu echeta ndị nkịtị, ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo, ndị POWs, na Bittereinders. Ógè ha na-akwado ihe ncheta ụmụ nwanyị, ha kwadoro mgbanwe na mmesi ike. == Ụlọ ọrụ ndị dị nso == Anglo-Boer War Museum dị na-adịgide adịgide n'otu ogige ahụ. == Graves by the monument == * Steyn, 1916 * Hobhouse, 1926 * De Wet, 1922 * Kestell, 1941 * Rachel Isabella Steyn [af], 1955 == Gallery == <gallery> Usòrò:Women's Memorial Detail.jpg|Plaque n'akụkụ mgbidi Usòrò:Women's Memorial Under Rainy Sky.jpg|Obelisk bụ isi Bloemfontein Women's Memorial Vil005.jpg|Otu n'ime ihe oyiyi 9 2 302 0045-Women's Monument Bloemfontein-s.jpg|Ihe ncheta zuru ezu Bloemfontein Women's Memorial Vil003.jpg|Ihe ọkpụkpụ na obelisk </gallery> == Edensibia == <references /> == Akwụkwọ ọgụgụ == * Grundlingh, Albert. "Ihe ncheta ụmụ nwanyị nke mba. Ime na mgbanwe nke ihe ọ pụtara na Afrikaner Ncheta nke agha South Africa. Cuthbertson, Gregor; Grundlingh, Albert M.; na Suttie, Mary-Lynn (Hrsg.). ''Ide Agha Ka Ukwuu. Ịtụgharị uche na nwoke na nwanyị, agbụrụ, na njirimara na agha South Africa, 1899–1902''. Athens, Ohio: Ohio University Press. 2002. pp. 18–36. * Marschall, Sabine. ''Ijere ndị nwoke ozi. Ihe ncheta ụmụ nwanyị abụọ na South Africa''. Women's Studies 33 (2004). pp. 1009–1033. == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20081024140214/http://www.celat.ulaval.ca/histoire.memoire/histoire/cape1/grundlingh.htm Ihe ncheta ụmụ nwanyị nke mba: Albert Grundlingh] * [http://decampcourant.arkpark.net/springfontein2.htm Foto nke National Women's Monument], Springfountein concentration camp page, De Camps Courant website n20s782f0pr94a4f2dep5radmux3uc6 0 15008 85957 78833 2022-07-31T04:34:47Z Lebron jay 12508 +image #WPWPIG wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Hendrik Hofmeyr.JPG|thumb]] '''Ihe oyiyi nke Jan Hendrik Hofmeyr''' na Church Square, Cape Town, bụ ihe ọkpụkpụ nke onye nta akụkọ na onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị mba South Africa bụ Jan Hendrik Hofmeyr, nke a matara dịka "Onze Jan" (Our Jan). Ọ bụ [[Anton van Wouw]] kpụrụ ihe oyiyi ahụ. E bibiri ihe oyiyi ahụ n'ọnwa Eprel n'afọ 2015 dị ka akụkụ nke mgbasa ozi sara mbara megide ihe oyiyi nke ndị oge ọchịchị na South Africa. E ji ihe ọcha kpuchie ihe oyiyi ahụ nke nwere okwu ndị a bụ "Nwanyị ojii zụlitere m".<ref name="AllAfrica">{{Cite web|title=South Africa: Down With Statues Down - Five Monumental Vandalisms|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201504081114.html|author=Yazeed Kamaldien|work=All Africa|publisher=All Africa|accessdate=15 April 2015}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} tda3728qxj3pmnzh6r4zdn71r1qnkfe 0 15021 85950 78847 2022-07-31T04:14:43Z Lebron jay 12508 +image #WPWPIG wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:James Presley Ball (1825-1904) from Willis 1993 from Mumford 1980.jpg|thumb]] James Presley Ball, Sr. (Amụrụ n'afọ 1825 &#x2D; rụọ n'onwa Mee 4, afọ 1904) bụ onye ama ama na-ese foto n'Afrịka na Amerịka, onye na-ekpochapụ ihe, na onye ọchụnta ego.<ref name="Willis">{{Cite book|editor=Willis|title=J. P. Ball, Daguerrean and Studio Photographer|publisher=Garland|year=1993|location=New York & London|isbn=0-8153-0716-0}}</ref><ref name="Mendheim">{{Cite news|first=Beverly|author=Mendheim|title=Lost and Found: Alice Augusta Ball, an Extraordinary Woman of Hawai'i Nei|work=Northwest Hawai`i Times|date=September 2007|accessdate=August 16, 2009|url=http://www.northwesthawaiitimes.com/hnsept07.htm}}</ref> == Akụkọ ndụ == A mụrụ Ball na Frederick County, Virginia, nyere William na Susan Ball n'afọ 1825.<ref name="Stover">{{Cite news|first=Stephanie Ferrell|author=Stover|title=Black History Month: Noted Black Photographer James Presley Ball Recognized in Greenbrier Historical Society Archives|work=Huntington News|date=February 26, 2007|accessdate=August 14, 2009|url=http://www.huntingtonnews.net/state/070226-stover-ball.html}}</ref> Ọ mụtara foto daguerreotype site n'aka John B. Bailey nke Boston, onye dị ka Ball bụ "onye nweere onwe ya nke agba."<ref name="Hales">{{Cite book|author=Hales, Peter B.|title=Silver Cities: Photographing American Urbanization, 1839-1939, revised and expanded ed.|publisher=University of New Mexico Press|location=Albuquerque|year=2005|pages=111–116|isbn=0-8263-3178-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P4IR8dqlDHoC&pg=PA111|accessdate=August 16, 2009}}</ref> Ball mepere otu ụlọ ọrụ daguerreotype na Cincinnati, Ohio, n'afọ 1845.<ref name="Willis">{{Cite book|editor=Willis|title=J. P. Ball, Daguerrean and Studio Photographer|publisher=Garland|year=1993|location=New York & London|isbn=0-8153-0716-0}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFWillis1993">[[Deborah Willis|Willis, Deborah]], ed. (1993). ''J. P. Ball, Daguerrean and Studio Photographer''. New York & London: Garland. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/0-8153-0716-0|<bdi>0-8153-0716-0</bdi>]].</cite></ref> Azụmahịa ahụ enweghị ọganihu, ya mere Ball rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ejegharị ejegharị daguerreotypist, na-ebi obere oge na Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, mgbe ahụ na Richmond, Virginia n'afọ 1846 iji mepụta ụlọ ọrụ na-aga nke ọma na nso ụlọ Capitol State.<ref name="Willis" /> N'afọ 1847, Ball gara Ohio ọzọ, ọzọ dị ka onye na-eme njem daguerreotypist.<ref name="Willis">{{Cite book|editor=Willis|title=J. P. Ball, Daguerrean and Studio Photographer|publisher=Garland|year=1993|location=New York & London|isbn=0-8153-0716-0}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFWillis1993">[[Deborah Willis|Willis, Deborah]], ed. (1993). ''J. P. Ball, Daguerrean and Studio Photographer''. New York & London: Garland. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/0-8153-0716-0|<bdi>0-8153-0716-0</bdi>]].</cite></ref> O biri na Cincinnati n'afọ 1849 wee mepee ụlọ ọrụ ebe nwanne ya nwoke bụ Thomas Ball ghọrọ onye ọrụ.<ref name="Willis" /><ref name="Stover">{{Cite news|first=Stephanie Ferrell|author=Stover|title=Black History Month: Noted Black Photographer James Presley Ball Recognized in Greenbrier Historical Society Archives|work=Huntington News|date=February 26, 2007|accessdate=August 14, 2009|url=http://www.huntingtonnews.net/state/070226-stover-ball.html}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFStover2007">Stover, Stephanie Ferrell (February 26, 2007). [http://www.huntingtonnews.net/state/070226-stover-ball.html "Black History Month: Noted Black Photographer James Presley Ball Recognized in Greenbrier Historical Society Archives"]. ''Huntington News''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 14,</span> 2009</span>.</cite></ref> Ụlọ ihe nkiri ahụ, nke a maara dị ka "Ball's Daguerrean Gallery of the West" ma ọ bụ "Ball's Great Daguerrean Gallery of the West", rịgoro "site na obere ụlọ ngosi gaa n'otu n'ime nnukwu ụlọ ngosi nke Midwest. "<ref name="Willis" /> Malite n'afọ 1854 ma gaa n'ihu "ruo ihe dị ka afọ anọ," Robert Seldon Duncanson rụrụ ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ Ball na-emegharị ihe osise na agba foto.<ref name="Ketner">{{Cite book|title=The Emergence of the African-American Artist: Robert S. Duncanson, 1821-1872|author=Ketner|first=Joseph D|year=1993|publisher=University of Missouri Press|location=Columbia|url=https://archive.org/details/emergenceofafric00ketn_0|isbn=0-8262-0880-0|pages=[https://archive.org/details/emergenceofafric00ketn_0/page/101 101]–104|accessdate=August 16, 2009}}</ref> Gleason's Pictorial Drawing-Room Companion n'afọ 1854 kọwara ụlọ ihe ngosi ahụ dị ka nke na-egosipụta foto 187 nke Ball na ihe osise 6 nke Duncanson; Ọzọkwa, ụlọ ihe nkiri ahụ "jupụtara n'ịdị mma na ịma mma," na mgbidi "nke nwere akwụkwọ ọlaedo na okooko osisi," "master-piece furniture, piano, na enyo.<ref name="Weidman">{{Cite book|author=Weidman, Jeffrey|title=Artists in Ohio, 1787-1900: a Biographical Dictionary|publisher=Kent State University Press|location=Kent, Ohio|year=2000|pages=41–42|isbn=0-87338-616-7|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZdICm_W8xKwC&pg=PA41|accessdate=August 16, 2009}}</ref><ref name="Hales">{{Cite book|author=Hales, Peter B.|title=Silver Cities: Photographing American Urbanization, 1839-1939, revised and expanded ed.|publisher=University of New Mexico Press|location=Albuquerque|year=2005|pages=111–116|isbn=0-8263-3178-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P4IR8dqlDHoC&pg=PA111|accessdate=August 16, 2009}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFHales,_Peter_B.2005">Hales, Peter B. (2005). [https://books.google.com/books?id=P4IR8dqlDHoC&pg=PA111 ''Silver Cities: Photographing American Urbanization, 1839-1939, revised and expanded ed'']. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. pp.&nbsp;111–116. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/0-8263-3178-5|<bdi>0-8263-3178-5</bdi>]]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 16,</span> 2009</span>.</cite></ref> Ka ọ dịgodị, Ball meghere galarị di iche nke akporo Ball na Thomas Galarị ya na nwanne di ya bụ Alexander Thomas.<ref name="Stover">{{Cite news|first=Stephanie Ferrell|author=Stover|title=Black History Month: Noted Black Photographer James Presley Ball Recognized in Greenbrier Historical Society Archives|work=Huntington News|date=February 26, 2007|accessdate=August 14, 2009|url=http://www.huntingtonnews.net/state/070226-stover-ball.html}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFStover2007">Stover, Stephanie Ferrell (February 26, 2007). [http://www.huntingtonnews.net/state/070226-stover-ball.html "Black History Month: Noted Black Photographer James Presley Ball Recognized in Greenbrier Historical Society Archives"]. ''Huntington News''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 14,</span> 2009</span>.</cite></ref> N'afọ 1855, Ball bipụtara akwụkwọ nta na-ekpochapụ ihe na-esonyere ihe osise panoramic dị mita 600 nke akpọrọ "Mammoth Pictorial Tour of the United States Comprising Views of the African Slave Trade"; Duncanson nwere ike isonye na mmepụta nke eserese ahụ.<ref name="Willis">{{Cite book|editor=Willis|title=J. P. Ball, Daguerrean and Studio Photographer|publisher=Garland|year=1993|location=New York & London|isbn=0-8153-0716-0}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFWillis1993">[[Deborah Willis|Willis, Deborah]], ed. (1993). ''J. P. Ball, Daguerrean and Studio Photographer''. New York & London: Garland. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/0-8153-0716-0|<bdi>0-8153-0716-0</bdi>]].</cite></ref><ref name="Hales">{{Cite book|author=Hales, Peter B.|title=Silver Cities: Photographing American Urbanization, 1839-1939, revised and expanded ed.|publisher=University of New Mexico Press|location=Albuquerque|year=2005|pages=111–116|isbn=0-8263-3178-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P4IR8dqlDHoC&pg=PA111|accessdate=August 16, 2009}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFHales,_Peter_B.2005">Hales, Peter B. (2005). [https://books.google.com/books?id=P4IR8dqlDHoC&pg=PA111 ''Silver Cities: Photographing American Urbanization, 1839-1939, revised and expanded ed'']. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. pp.&nbsp;111–116. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/0-8263-3178-5|<bdi>0-8263-3178-5</bdi>]]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 16,</span> 2009</span>.</cite></ref><ref name="Ketner">{{Cite book|title=The Emergence of the African-American Artist: Robert S. Duncanson, 1821-1872|author=Ketner|first=Joseph D|year=1993|publisher=University of Missouri Press|location=Columbia|url=https://archive.org/details/emergenceofafric00ketn_0|isbn=0-8262-0880-0|pages=[https://archive.org/details/emergenceofafric00ketn_0/page/101 101]–104|accessdate=August 16, 2009}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFKetner1993">Ketner, Joseph D (1993). <span class="cs1-lock-registration" title="Free registration required">[[iarchive:emergenceofafric00ketn_0|''The Emergence of the African-American Artist: Robert S. Duncanson, 1821-1872'']]</span>. Columbia: University of Missouri Press. pp.&nbsp;[[iarchive:emergenceofafric00ketn_0/page/101|101]]–104. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/0-8262-0880-0|<bdi>0-8262-0880-0</bdi>]]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 16,</span> 2009</span>.</cite></ref> N'oge 1855 Ball's daguerreotypes e gosiri na Ohio State Fair na na Ohio Mechanics Annual Exhibition.<ref name="Stover" /> Na 1856 Ball gara Europe.<ref name="Willis" /> Oké ifufe bibiri Ball na Thomas Gallery na Mee 1860, mana e mechara wughachi ya site n'enyemaka nke obodo.<ref name="Stover" /> == Ọrụ == === Akwụkwọ === * Ball, James Presley. Njem mara mma nke Ball na United States. Na-agụnye echiche nke ahia ohu nke Afrịka; nke obodo ndị dị n'ebe ugwu na ndịda; nke ogho na ugbo shuga; nke Mississippi, Ohio na Susquehanna Rivers, Niagara Falls, & C. A chịkọtara maka panorama. Cincinnati: Achilles Pugh, 1855. == Leekwa == * List of African-American abolitionists * [[Alice Augusta Ball|Alice Ball]], nwa nwa dltkhjyywvwuvhftlffzr23raig0phz 0 15048 85938 78878 2022-07-31T03:04:57Z Lebron jay 12508 +image #WPWPIG wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:3-23-12 RobertHayden.jpg|thumb]]     {| class="infobox vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;" |<div class="fn" style="display:inline;">Robert Hayden</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" | |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;" |Born | class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;" |Asa Bundy Sheffey<br /><br /><br /><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1913-08-04</span>)</span>August 4, 1913<br /><br /><br /><br />[[Detroit]], [[Michigan]], U.S. |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;" |Died | class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;" |February 25, 1980<span style="display:none">(1980-02-25)</span> (aged&nbsp;66)<br /><br /><br /><br />[[Ann Arbor, Michigan]], U.S. |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;" |Occupation | class="infobox-data role" style="line-height:1.4em;" |[[Poet]], [[essayist]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;" |Alma&nbsp;mater | class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;" |[[Wayne State University]] (1936)<br /><br /><br /><br />[[University of Michigan]] (1944) |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;" |Notable works | class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;" |''Heart Shape in the Dust'', ''A Ballad of Remembrance'' |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;" |Notable awards | class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;" |Consultant in Poetry to the Library of Congress (U.S. Poet Laureate), 1976-78 |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;" |Spouse | class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;" |Erma Inez Morris |} '''Robert Hayden''' (August 4, 1913 February 25, 1980) bụ onye America na-ede abụ, onye edemede, na onye nkuzi. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye ndụmọdụ na uri na Library of Congress site n'afọ 1976 ruo afọ 1978, ọrụ a maara taa dị ka US Poet Laureate .<ref>{{Cite web|title=Poet Laureate Timeline: 1971-1980|url=https://www.loc.gov/poetry/laureate-1971-1980.html|publisher=Library of Congress|year=2008|accessdate=December 19, 2008}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye edemede Afrịka-Amerịka mbụ nọ n'ụlọ ọrụ ahụ. == Akụkọ ndụ ya == A mụrụ Robert Hayden Asa Bundy Sheffey na Detroit, Michigan, nke Ruth na Asa Sheffey, bụ ndị kewara tupu a mụọ ya. Otu ezinụlọ na-elekọta ya n'akụkụ ụlọ, Sue Ellen Westerfield na William Hayden, kpọọrọ ya, ma tolite na ghetto Detroit nke a na-akpọ "Paradise Valley".<ref name="norton">{{Cite book|author=Ramazani|first=Jahan|title=The Norton Anthology of Modern and Contemporary Poetry|edition=Third|isbn=0-393-97792-7|location=New York|publisher=W.W. Norton|year=2003}}</ref> Alụmdi na nwunye Haydens na-ese okwu mgbe niile, tinyere asọmpi Ruth Sheffey maka ịhụnanya nwa ya nwoke, mere ka ọ bụrụ nwata dị egwu. N'ịhụ ọgụ na mmekpa ahụ, Hayden biri n'ụlọ jupụtara na "iwe na-adịghị ala ala", nke mmetụta ya ga-anọnyere ya n'oge ndụ ya niile. N'elu nke ahụ, nnukwu nsogbu anya ya gbochiri ya isonye na ihe omume dịka egwuregwu nke ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ onye ọ bụla ọzọ tinyere aka na ya. Ihe mgbu ya mgbe ọ bụ nwata kpatara ịda mbà n'obi nke o mechara kpọọ "abalị m gbara ọchịchịrị nke mkpụrụ obi".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://brownvboard.org/content/my-dark-nights-soul-poet-robert-hayden|title=My Dark Nights of Soul - Poet Robert Hayden {{!}} Brown Foundation|work=brownvboard.org|accessdate=August 4, 2019}}</ref> N'ihi na ọ na-ahụ anya nke ọma ma dị obere ogo, ndị ọgbọ ya na-achụpụkarị ya. Na nzaghachi, Hayden gụrụ akwụkwọ nke ọma, na-azụlite ma ntị ma anya maka àgwà mgbanwe na akwụkwọ. Ọ gara Detroit City College nke e mechara kpọọ Wayne State University na isi na Spanish na obere na Bekee, wee pụọ n'afọ 1936 n'oge nnukwu ịda mbà n'obi, otu kredit na-erughị ya, ịga rụọ ọrụ maka Nlekọta Ọganihu Ọrụ Fn Federal Writers 'Project, ebe ọ nyochara akụkọ ihe mere eme ojii na omenala ndị mmadụ.<ref name="Buck04">{{Cite book|author=Buck|first=Christopher|chapter=Chapter 4: Robert Hayden|title=Oxford Encyclopedia of American Literature|pages=177–181|location=New York|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2004|isbn=0-19-516725-2|chapterurl=http://bahai-library.com/buck_robert_hayden}}</ref> N'ịhapụ Federal Writers' Project n'afọ 1938, Hayden lụrụ Erma Morris n'afọ 1940 wee bipụta mpịakọta mbụ ya, Heart-Shape in the Dust (1940).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/104280772/erma-inez-hayden|title=Erma Hayden memorial|work=[[Find a Grave]]}}</ref> Ọ debara aha na Mahadum Michigan n'afọ 1941 wee nweta onyinye Hopwood n'ebe ahụ. N'ịbụ onye a zụlitere dị ka onye Baptist, ọ sooro nwunye ya banye n'okwukwe Bahá'í n'oge mmalite afọ 1940, ma zụlite nwa nwanyị, Maia, n'okpukpe ahụ.<ref name="Buck04">{{Cite book|author=Buck|first=Christopher|chapter=Chapter 4: Robert Hayden|title=Oxford Encyclopedia of American Literature|pages=177–181|location=New York|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2004|isbn=0-19-516725-2|chapterurl=http://bahai-library.com/buck_robert_hayden}}</ref><ref name="Ebony78">{{Cite news|author=Harriet Jackson Scarupa|title=Robert Hayden 'Poet Laureate'|work=Ebony|pages=78–80, 82|date=January 1978|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1LeBkQ_NQNEC&pg=PA78|accessdate=December 24, 2014}}</ref> Hayden ghọrọ otu n'ime ndị Bahá'í a ma ama na-ede uri. Erma Hayden bụ onye na-eti egwu na onye na-ede egwu ma jee ozi dị ka onye nlekọta egwu maka ụlọ akwụkwọ ọha na eze Nashville.<ref name="Ebony78" /> N'ịchụso nzere masta, Hayden gụrụ akwụkwọ n'okpuru W. H. Auden, onye duziri uche ya na nsogbu nke ụdị uri, usoro, na ịdọ aka ná ntị nka. Enwere ike ịhụ mmetụta Auden na "nkà na ụzụ nke amaokwu Hayden".<ref name="norton">{{Cite book|author=Ramazani|first=Jahan|title=The Norton Anthology of Modern and Contemporary Poetry|edition=Third|isbn=0-393-97792-7|location=New York|publisher=W.W. Norton|year=2003}}</ref> Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ n'afọ 1942, mgbe ahụ ọ na-akụzi ọtụtụ afọ na Michigan, Hayden gara Mahadum Fisk n'afọ 1946, ebe ọ nọrọ afọ iri abụọ na atọ, laghachi Michigan n'afọ 1969 iji rụchaa ọrụ nkuzi ya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.myblackhistory.net/Robert_Hayden.htm|title=Robert Hayden: African American Writer|work=www.myblackhistory.net|accessdate=August 4, 2019}}</ref> N'ikwekọ na ọrụ nkuzi ya na Fisk, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ede uri na Mahadum Indiana State n'afọ 1967 ma na-eleta onye na-ede uri na Mahadum Washington n'afọ 1969, Mahadum Connecticut n'afọ 1971, Mahadum Dennison n'afọ 1972, na Connecticut College n'afọ 1974.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Buck|first=Christopher|date=2004|title=Hayden, Robert|url=https://oxfordaasc.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780195301731.001.0001/acref-9780195301731-e-51187|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=February 3, 2021|work=Oxford African American Studies Center|language=en|doi=10.1093/acref/9780195301731.013.51187}}</ref> Dị ka onye na-akwado nkuzi okpukpe ya banyere ịdị n'otu nke mmadụ, Hayden enweghị ike ịnabata nkewa ndị ojii.<ref name="Williams87">{{Cite book|author=Pontheolla T. Williams|title=Robert Hayden: A Critical Analysis of His Poetry|url=https://archive.org/details/roberthaydencrit0000will|year=1987|publisher=University of Illinois Press|isbn=978-0-252-01289-1|pages=[https://archive.org/details/roberthaydencrit0000will/page/26 26]–27, 66, 154, 162}}</ref> N'ihi ya, abụ aha nke Words in the Mourning Time na-ejedebe na arịrịọ na-akpali akpali n'aha mmadụ niile: <blockquote>Weghachite ugbu a, ugbu a megharịa ọhụụ nke ụwa mmadụ ebe nsọpụrụ Chineke ga-ekwe omume na mmadụ abụghị gook nigger honkey wop ma ọ bụ kike kama ọ bụ mmadụ                            kwere ka ọ bụrụ nwoke.<ref name="Ebony78">{{Cite news|author=Harriet Jackson Scarupa|title=Robert Hayden 'Poet Laureate'|work=Ebony|pages=78–80, 82|date=January 1978|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1LeBkQ_NQNEC&pg=PA78|accessdate=December 24, 2014}}</ref></blockquote>Ọ nwụrụ na Ann Arbor, Michigan, na February 25, 1980, ọ dị afọ iri isii na isii.<ref name="Poets">{{Cite web|url=https://poets.org/poet/robert-hayden|title=About Robert Hayden {{!}} Academy of American Poets|author=Poets|first=Academy of American|work=poets.org|accessdate=August 4, 2019}}</ref> N'afọ 2012, ụlọ ọrụ nzipu ozi nke United States nyere mpempe akwụkwọ stampụ nke gosipụtara nnukwu ndị na-ede uri iri nke narị afọ iri abụọ nke Amerika, gụnyere Hayden.<ref>[http://www.beyondtheperf.com/stamp-releases/twentieth-century-poets Beyondtheperf.com],</ref> == Ọrụ ya == Ka ọ na-erule afọ 1960 na ịrị elu nke Black Arts Movement, mgbe oge ntorobịa nke ndị na-ese ihe n'Afrịka na Amerịka dere abụ mkpesa na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na mmetụta uche na-eme mkpesa nke ọma nye ndị oji na-ege ntị, nkà ihe ọmụma Hayden banyere ọrụ abụ na ụzọ o si gosipụta onwe ya dị ka onye edemede. Ọjụjụ ọ jụrụ ịmegharị onwe ya dị ka foto nke afọ 1960 gosipụtara mere ka ọ nweta nzaghachi site n'aka ndị ọkà mmụta na ndị nyocha ole na ole. Hayden nọgidere na-agbaso echiche ya banyere uri dị ka usoro nka kama ngosipụta esemokwu na nkwenye ya na uri kwesịrị, na mgbakwunye na ihe ndị ọzọ, na-edozi àgwà ndị a kpọrọ mmadụ, gụnyere ikpe na-ezighị ezi ọha na eze. Nkwenkwe Hayden banyere mmekọrịta nke onye na-ese ihe na uri ya n'otu aka ahụ nwere mmetụta na ịjụ ya ide sonnets mkpesa nke nwere mmetụta uche. Omume Hayden bụ ime ka nkewa dị n'etiti ọkà okwu na mmegharị nke Abụ<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2746&context=etd|title=Feeling With Imagination: Sympathy and Postwar American Poetry|author=De Jong|first=Timothy A.|publisher=Western University|date=2013}}</ref> Ọrụ ya na-ekwukarị banyere nsogbu nke ndị Africa America, na-ejikarị ebe obibi ya mbụ nke Paradise Valley slum dị ka azụ, dị ka ọ na-eme na abụ "Heart-Shape in the Dust". O ji asụsụ obodo ojii na okwu ọdịnala mee ihe n'ụzọ dị njikere, o dekwara abụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, gụnyere usoro banyere Agha Vietnam. Na uri mbụ nke usoro ahụ, o kwuru, sị: "Ana m agbalị igosipụta echiche na ihe egwu nke agha ahụ ghọrọ ụdị ọnụnọ, ha na gị na-arụkwa ọrụ onwe gị na nke chiri anya, na-eri nri gị na ihe ndị ọzọ. Egwu na obi ọjọọ na mpụ nke agha metụrụ ihe niile aka. Echere m na nke ahụ bụ otu n'ime abụ ndị kachasị mma. "<ref name="Goldstein01">{{Cite book|author=Laurence Goldstein|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RhH52O53aAIC&pg=PA23|title=Robert Hayden: Essays on the Poetry|publisher=University of Michigan Press|year=2001|isbn=0-472-11233-3|pages=23, 106}}</ref> Mmetụta nke ihe ọhụrụ Euro-American na abụ Hayden na nkwupụta ya na-aga n'ihu na ọ dị mkpa ka e lee ya anya dị ka "onye na-ede abụ America" na-emegide "onye na-ede uri ojii" kpaliri ọtụtụ nzaghachi banyere abụ dị ka "Uncle Tom" site n'aka ndị nkatọ Africa na America n'oge afọ 1960s. Otú ọ dị, akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ndị Afrịka na Amerịka, ndị isi ojii nke oge a, dịka ọmụmaatụ, [[Malcolm X]], na obodo ndị Afrịka na Amerịka, ọkachasị Hayden's native Paradise Valley, bụ isiokwu nke ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke abụ ya.<ref name="Poets">{{Cite web|url=https://poets.org/poet/robert-hayden|title=About Robert Hayden {{!}} Academy of American Poets|author=Poets|first=Academy of American|work=poets.org|accessdate=August 4, 2019}}</ref> Na Eprel 7, 1966, e nyere Hayden's ''Ballad'' of Remembrance, site na otu olu, Nnukwu ihe nrite maka abụ na ihe mmemme mba ụwa na nka niile gbasara ndị ojii na Dakar, Senegal.<ref name="Buck04">{{Cite book|author=Buck|first=Christopher|chapter=Chapter 4: Robert Hayden|title=Oxford Encyclopedia of American Literature|pages=177–181|location=New York|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2004|isbn=0-19-516725-2|chapterurl=http://bahai-library.com/buck_robert_hayden}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFBuck2004">Buck, Christopher (2004). [http://bahai-library.com/buck_robert_hayden "Chapter 4: Robert Hayden"]. ''Oxford Encyclopedia of American Literature''. Vol.&nbsp;2. New York: Oxford University Press. pp.&nbsp;177–181. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/0-19-516725-2|<bdi>0-19-516725-2</bdi>]].</cite></ref> Emume ahụ nwere ihe karịrị puku mmadụ iri sitere na mba iri atọ na asaa bịara. Otú ọ dị, na Eprel 22, 1966, otu ndị na-eto eto na-ede uri na-eme ngagharị iwe nke Melvin Tolson duziri katọrọ Hayden na nzukọ Mahadum Fisk nke ndị edemede ojii maka ịjụ ịkọwa onwe ya dị ka onye oji na-ede abụ<ref name="Buck04" /> === Abụ nke Ihe ekere eke === A makwaara Hayden dị ka onye na-ede uri ma tinye ya na anthology "Black Nature: Four Centuries of African American Nature Poetry". Abụ ya, "A Plague of Starlings", bụ otu n'ime uri ya a ma ama.<ref>{{Cite book|editor=Dungy|url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Black_Nature/WGJ68ddciIEC?hl=en&gbpv=0|title=Black nature: Four centuries of African American nature poetry.|publisher=University of Georgia Press|year=2009|location=Athens, Georgia|pages=128|isbn=9780820334318|language=English}}</ref> abụ ahụ, “Night-Blooming Cereus,” bụ ihe atụ ọzọ nke Hayden gosipụtara ụwa okike. Abụ a na-egosi dị ka usoro nke haiku-dị ka stanzas. Hayden kwuru na njem ya na Duluth, Minnesota n'oge ịkụ azụ na-agbaze. Ọ na-akọwa otú uri ahụ si ghọọ haiku, ebe ị na-enweta ya niile site na aro na nkọwa.<ref>{{Cite book|editor=Laurence, Goldsteinand Robert Chrisman|url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Robert_Hayden/RhH52O53aAIC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=robert+hayden+haiku&pg=PP13&printsec=frontcover|title=Robert Hayden: Essays on the poetry.|publisher=University of Michigan Press|year=2001|location=Michigan|pages=27–28|isbn=9780472112333|language=English}}</ref> === Mmetụta abụ ya === A na-etokarị Robert Hayden maka ọrụ ya nke abụ, echiche pụrụ iche na ọrụ ya, asụsụ ya kpọmkwem, na iwu ya zuru oke nke usoro uri ọdịnala na usoro.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Millennium Web Catalog|url=http://0-africanamerican2.abc-clio.com.sultan.tnstate.edu/Search/Display/1396452?terms=robert+hayden|accessdate=March 25, 2016|work=0-africanamerican2.abc-clio.com.sultan.tnstate.edu}}</ref> Mmetụta Hayden gụnyere Elinor Wylie, Countee Cullen, Paul Laurence Dunbar, Langston Hughes, Arna Bontemps, John Keats, W. H. Auden na W. B. Yeats. === Ihe Nketa === A hoputara Hayden na American Academy of Poets n'afọ 1975. Abụ ya a ma ama bụ "Those Winter Sunday", nke na-ekwu maka ncheta nke ịhụnanya nna na owu ọmụma.<ref name="Buck04">{{Cite book|author=Buck|first=Christopher|chapter=Chapter 4: Robert Hayden|title=Oxford Encyclopedia of American Literature|pages=177–181|location=New York|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2004|isbn=0-19-516725-2|chapterurl=http://bahai-library.com/buck_robert_hayden}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFBuck2004">Buck, Christopher (2004). [http://bahai-library.com/buck_robert_hayden "Chapter 4: Robert Hayden"]. ''Oxford Encyclopedia of American Literature''. Vol.&nbsp;2. New York: Oxford University Press. pp.&nbsp;177–181. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/0-19-516725-2|<bdi>0-19-516725-2</bdi>]].</cite></ref><ref name="Williams87">{{Cite book|author=Pontheolla T. Williams|title=Robert Hayden: A Critical Analysis of His Poetry|url=https://archive.org/details/roberthaydencrit0000will|year=1987|publisher=University of Illinois Press|isbn=978-0-252-01289-1|pages=[https://archive.org/details/roberthaydencrit0000will/page/26 26]–27, 66, 154, 162}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPontheolla_T._Williams1987">Pontheolla T. Williams (1987). <span class="cs1-lock-registration" title="Free registration required">[[iarchive:roberthaydencrit0000will|''Robert Hayden: A Critical Analysis of His Poetry'']]</span>. University of Illinois Press. pp.&nbsp;[[iarchive:roberthaydencrit0000will/page/26|26]]–27, 66, 154, 162. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0-252-01289-1|<bdi>978-0-252-01289-1</bdi>]].</cite></ref> Ọ nọ n'etiti abụ ndị America kachasị abụ na narị afọ nke iri abụọ. Ọ jụrụ ọkwa ahụ ka e mechara kpọọ United States Poet Laureate na mbụ, nakweere nhọpụta maka 1976–1977 n'oge Bicentennial nke America, na ọzọ na 1977–1978 ọ bụ ezie na ahụ ike ya na-ada ada mgbe ahụ. Mahadum Brown (1976) na Fisk (1978) nyere ya akara ugo mmụta nsọpụrụ. N'afọ 1977, a gbara ya ajụjụ ọnụ maka telivishọn na Los Angeles na At One With nke Keith Berwick.<ref name="Goldstein01">{{Cite book|author=Laurence Goldstein|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RhH52O53aAIC&pg=PA23|title=Robert Hayden: Essays on the Poetry|publisher=University of Michigan Press|year=2001|isbn=0-472-11233-3|pages=23, 106}}</ref> Na Jenụwarị 1980 Hayden so na ndị gbakọtara ka onye isi ala Jimmy Carter na nwunye ya kwanyere ya ùgwù na nnabata White House na-eme ememe abụ America.<ref>{{Cite news|date=January 4, 1980|title=Carters host poets|page=22|work=Santa Cruz Sentinel|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/1461680/bahai_robert_hayden_at_white_house/|accessdate=December 24, 2014}}</ref> Ọ rụrụ ọrụ afọ iri dị ka onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke akwụkwọ akụkọ Bahá'í World Order .<ref>{{Cite news|date=April 1990|title=Poets, writers honor Robert Hayden|pages=8–9|work=Baháʼí News|url=http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=12&page=723|accessdate=December 24, 2014}}</ref> Abụ ndị ọzọ a ma ama gụnyere "The Whipping" (nke bụ banyere obere nwata nwoke a na-ata ahụhụ siri ike maka ụfọdụ mmejọ a na-amaghị ama), "Middle Passage" (nke sitere na ihe omume ndị gbara ''United States v''. Ihe gbasara ''Amistad''), "Runagate, Runagate", na "Frederick Douglass".<ref name="Williams87">{{Cite book|author=Pontheolla T. Williams|title=Robert Hayden: A Critical Analysis of His Poetry|url=https://archive.org/details/roberthaydencrit0000will|year=1987|publisher=University of Illinois Press|isbn=978-0-252-01289-1|pages=[https://archive.org/details/roberthaydencrit0000will/page/26 26]–27, 66, 154, 162}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPontheolla_T._Williams1987">Pontheolla T. Williams (1987). <span class="cs1-lock-registration" title="Free registration required">[[iarchive:roberthaydencrit0000will|''Robert Hayden: A Critical Analysis of His Poetry'']]</span>. University of Illinois Press. pp.&nbsp;[[iarchive:roberthaydencrit0000will/page/26|26]]–27, 66, 154, 162. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0-252-01289-1|<bdi>978-0-252-01289-1</bdi>]].</cite></ref> == Akwụkwọ ọgụgụ == * The Lion and the Archer: Poems. Mụ na Myron O'Higgins. Nashville: Counterpoise, 1948.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Sorett|first=Josef|title=Spirit in the Dark: A Religious History of Racial Aesthetics|publisher=Oxford University Press|date=2016|pages=120–121|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2KykDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA120|isbn=9780199844937}}</ref> * Selected Poems by Robert Hayden. NY: October House 1966. * Words in the Mourning Time: Poems by Robert Hayden. London: October House, 1970 * Angle of Ascent: New and Selected Poems nke Robert Hayden dere. NY: Liveright, 1975 * American Journal: Poems nke Robert Hayden dere. NY: Liveright Pub. Corp., 1982 * Nchịkọta Prose: Robert Hayden. Ed. Frederick Glaysher. Ann Arbor: Mahadum nke Michigan, 1984. * Collected Poems: Robert Hayden. Ed. Frederick Glaysher. NY: Liveright, 1985; rpt. 1996. == Ọgụgụ ọzọ == * {{Cite book|author=Hatcher|first=John|title=From the Auroral Darkness: The Life and Poetry of Robert Hayden|edition=First|location=Oxford|publisher=George Ronald|year=1984|isbn=0-85398-188-4}} * * [http://bahai-library.com/tags/Robert%20Hayden Akwụkwọ ndị metụtara ya na Bahá'í Library Online]. * {{Cite book|author=Williams|first=Pontheolla|title=Robert Hayden: A Critical Analysis of His Poetry|date=1987|publisher=University of Illinois Press|location=Urbana|isbn=0-252-01289-5|pages=[https://archive.org/details/roberthaydencrit0000will/page/241 241]|url=https://archive.org/details/roberthaydencrit0000will/page/241|accessdate=February 15, 2019}} * {{Cite book|author=Goldstein|first=Laurence|title=Robert Hayden: Essays on the Poetry|date=2013|publisher=University of Michigan Press|location=Ann Arbor,MI|isbn=978-0-472-11233-3|pages=350|url=https://www.press.umich.edu/17204/robert_hayden|accessdate=February 15, 2015}} * {{Cite book|author=Bloom|first=Harold|title=Robert Hayden: Bloom's Modern Critical Views|url=https://archive.org/details/roberthaydenbloo00bloo|date=2005|publisher=Chelsea House|location=New York|isbn=0-791-08127-3|pages=[https://archive.org/details/roberthaydenbloo00bloo/page/n286 278]}} == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.wgbh.org/pages/bostonarts/1999/robert_pinsky.html Ndị Winter Sunday hermeneusis site ex-Poet Laureate Robert Pinsky] * [http://www.poets.org/poet.php/prmPID/196 Academy of American Poets ndepụta] * [http://www.english.uiuc.edu/maps/poets/g_l/hayden/life.htm Banyere ndụ Hayden na ọrụ ya] * [http://www.poemhunter.com/robert-hayden/ Nhọrọ Online nke Poems] * [http://www.poets.org/viewmedia.php/prmMID/15733 Audio nke Hayden's poem ''Soledad''] * [http://www.english.uiuc.edu/maps/poets/g_l/hayden/middle.htm "On 'Middle Passage':] * [http://www.poetryfoundation.org/archive/poet.html?id=3014 Ntọala uri] * [http://www.english.illinois.edu/MAPS/poets/g_l/hayden/hayden.htm Abụ America nke Oge A] * [https://www.amazon.com/Hopwood-Poets-Revisited-Eighteen-Winners/dp/1618460692/ref=sr_1_1?dchild=1&keywords=hopwood+poets+revisited&qid=1621275545&sr=8-1] The Hopwood Poets Revisited: Eighteen Major Award Winners;" nwere edemede mbụ banyere Robert Hayden site n'aka onye ọbụ abụ ibe ya na onye ọrụ ibe ya bụ Laurence Goldstein, na-echeta mmetụta na nsonaazụ nke Hayden's Hopwood "Major Poetry Award na Mahadum Michigan. {{LOC Poets Laureate}}{{Authority control}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 6pt3tb3686qv6sh3h3g9x3luzkw2235 0 15141 85941 78975 2022-07-31T03:16:01Z Lebron jay 12508 +image #WPWPIG wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Steve Hofmyer crop.jpg|thumb]]   [[Category:Articles with short description]] [[Category:Short description is different from Wikidata]] [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Steve Hofmeyr''' (a mụrụ na 29 Ọgọst 1964) bụ onye na-agụ egwu, onye na-ede egwu, onye edemede, onye na-eme ihe nkiri na onye bụbu onye na-eme ihe ngosi TV na South Africa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0389417/bio|title=Steve Hofmeyr Biography|publisher=IMDb|accessdate=14 July 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://mg.co.za/article/2013-10-10-red-october-march-steve-hofmeyr|title=Red October march calls for end to black-on-white violence|date=10 October 2014|work=[[Mail & Guardian]]|accessdate=22 December 2014}}</ref> Ọ bụkwa onye egwu South Africa kacha baa ọgaranya.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-04-12|title=Top 20 Richest Musicians in South Africa 2021 & Net Worth|url=https://ghanadmission.com/top-20-richest-musicians-in-south-africa-2021-net-worth/|accessdate=2022-03-17|work=Best Online Portal|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe == Hofmeyr lụrụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri [[Natasha Sutherland]], onye ọ zutere na setịpụ ''Egoli'': Place of Gold n'afọ 1998. Ha mụrụ ụmụ nwoke abụọ. Hofmeyr nwekwara ụmụ nwoke abụọ na ụmụ nwanyị abụọ site na ụmụ nwanyị ndị ọzọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tvsa.co.za/actors/viewactor.aspx?actorid=5487|title=Steve Hofmeyr|publisher=TVSA|accessdate=11 April 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Q&A: Steve Hofmeyr|date=22 May 2012|url=http://rollingstone.co.za/opinion/item/903-qaa-steve-hofmeyr|publisher=RollingStone Magazine|accessdate=16 July 2012}}</ref> Di na nwunye ahụ gbara alụkwaghịm mgbe akụkọ banyere ọtụtụ ihe na-emetụta oge Hofmeyr n'ihe ngosi n'afọ 2008.<ref>Philip de Bruin, ''News 24'', [http://www.news24.com/News24/Entertainment/Local/0,,2-1225-1242_2443465,00.html "Steve 'needs psychiatric help"], 17 December 2008</ref> N'ọnwa Disemba afọ 2008, Hofmeyr kwuru na ọ wakporo Esmaré Weideman, onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke ''Huisgenoot'', magazin Afrikaans a ma ama, site n'ịwụsa ya iko tii oyi na ngwụcha nke Miss South Africa.<ref>Philip de Bruin, ''News 24'' (South Africa),[http://www.news24.com/News24/Entertainment/Local/0,,2-1225-1242_2443046,00.html "Steve gets shir-tea with editor"], 17 December 2008</ref> A sịrị na ọ boro ya na ndị nta akụkọ abụọ ndị ọzọ ụta maka ịgba alụkwaghịm ya na Sutherland. Miss Weideman mechara wepụ ebubo mwakpo ya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.legalbrief.co.za/article.php?story=20110411082345874|title=Hofmeyr and editor end legal stand-off|publisher=Legalbrief|accessdate=26 September 2013}}</ref> N'abalị 19 ọnwa Disemba afọ 2013, e jidere Hofmeyr na Bronkhorstspruit maka ịkwọ ụgbọala na 169 km / h na mpaghara 80 km / h ma hapụ ya na mgbapụta nke R500. E mechara kwụọ ya R10,000 n'ụlọ ikpe Bronkhorstspruit na 23 Jenụwarị 2014.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.channel24.co.za/News/Local/Steve-Hofmeyr-fined-R10-000-for-speeding-20140123|title=Steve Hofmeyr fined R10 000 for speeding|date=23 January 2014|work=Channel24.co.za|accessdate=11 April 2015}}</ref> Hofmeyr lụrụ Janine van der Vyver na 26 Jenụwarị 2014. N'afọ 2008, van der Vyver, onye nkuzi ahụike, kpughere na ha anọwo na-ahụ ibe ha kemgbe afọ iri.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.iol.co.za/news/crime-courts/hofmeyr-pays-up-in-time-for-wedding-1.1636171#.U6RvXk3QdaS|title=Hofmeyr pays up in time for wedding}}</ref> A mụrụ nwa ha nwanyị, Romy Lee, na 19 June afọ 2017.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2017-06-19-congrats-pa-steve-hofmeyr-is-a-dad-for-the-sixth-time/|title=Congrats, pa! Steve Hofmeyr is a dad for the sixth time}}</ref> Nna nna Hofmeyr, Steve Hofmeyr Sr., bụ onye ndu na Ossewabrandwag.<ref>{{Cite news|first=Phyllis|author=Green|date=7 March 2014|work=Sarie|title=Steve Hofmeyr gesels oor sy nuwe boek|url=http://www.sarie.com/lewe-liefdes/boeke/steve-hofmeyr-gesels-oor-sy-nuwe-boek/#/|language=af}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|first=Piet|author=Ebersöhn|date=25 July 2012|title=Eerste sportredakteur was Oxford Blue én owerste van Stormjaers|url=http://perskor.blogspot.de/2012/07/eerste-sportredakteur-was-oxford-blue.html|language=af}}</ref> Hofmyer bụkwa Onye Kraịst kwusiri ike ma jee ozi afọ abụọ iwu kwadoro nke ọrụ agha achọrọ na South Africa n'oge ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=https://twitter.com/steve_hofmeyr/status/269659340179374080|url=https://twitter.com/steve_hofmeyr/status/269659340179374080|accessdate=2022-03-17|work=Twitter|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Steve Hofmeyr {{!}} TVSA|url=https://www.tvsa.co.za/actors/viewactor.aspx?actorid=5487|accessdate=2022-03-17|work=www.tvsa.co.za}}</ref> == Mkpokọta egwu == * ''Ọzara'' (1989)<ref>{{Cite web|title=CD Discography|url=http://stevehofmeyr.co.za/website/multimedia-links/cd-link|publisher=Steve Hofmeyr Official Website|accessdate=23 July 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140728225518/http://stevehofmeyr.co.za/website/multimedia-links/cd-link|archivedate=28 July 2014}}</ref> * ''Naanị M'' (1990) * ''Steve'' (1991) * ''Enweghị dike'' (1992) * ''Ụtụ'' (1993) * ''Tribute Mpịakọta nke 2'' (1994) * The Hits/Die Treffers (1994) * ''Afọ Iri'' (1995) * ''N'ebe dị nso n'ebe'' dị gị nso (1997) * ''Eziokwu'' nye Gị (1997) * ''Die Bloubul (1997)'' * ''Southern Cross'' (1999) * ''Die Bok Kom Weer'' (1999) * ''Ụda'' mara mma (2000) * ''Grootste Treffers Mpịakọta'' 2 (2000) * ''Engele Om Ons'' (2001) * ''Toeka'' (2003) * ''Toeka 2'' (2004) * ''Grootste Platinum Treffers'' (2005) * Laaities & Ladies (2006) * Waarmaker (2007) * Go Bulle Go (2008) * ''Kris Kristofferson na-abụ abụ'' (2008) * ''Nwoke Na-anọ N'Otu Abụ nke Neil Diamond'' (2009) * ''Duisend na Een'' (2010) * ''Haloda'' (2011) (SA No. 16)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.rsg.co.za/|title=SA Top 20|publisher=SABC|accessdate=25 October 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120119062749/http://www.rsg.co.za/|archivedate=2011}}</ref> * ''25 Jaar se Bestes'' (2012) * Toeka 3 (2014) (SA No. 1)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.rsg.co.za/|title=SA Top 20|publisher=SABC|accessdate=25 October 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141024035421/http://www.rsg.co.za/|archivedate=2014}}</ref> * Ọ bụrụ na ị nwere ike ịgụ uche m (2015) (SA No. 2)<ref>{{Cite web|title=SA Top 20|url=http://www.rsg.co.za/3|publisher=[[Recording Industry of South Africa]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151130095606/http://www.rsg.co.za/|archivedate=2000|accessdate=25 October 2019|language=af}}</ref> * Skree (2017) (SA No. 1)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.rsg.co.za/|title=SA Top 20|publisher=SABC|accessdate=25 October 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171115165359/http://www.rsg.co.za/|archivedate=2017}}</ref> * The Country Collection (2018) (SA No. 1)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.rsg.co.za/|title=SA Top 20|publisher=SABC|accessdate=25 October 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190104030921/http://www.rsg.co.za/|archivedate=2019}}</ref> * ''The Country Collection Mpịakọta nke 3 (2019)'' * ''Ek Kort... (2020)'' == Ihe nkiri == === Nkwago === * ''Oge ezumike n'oge ọkọchị'' * ''Joseph na Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat'' * ''Ọ na-anwụ'' * 'n Plek Binne Jou Seun * ''Ụda Egwú'' * ''Akụkọ Steve Hofmeyr'' * ''Lied van m Hart'' * ''Boeta na-alụ ọgụ'' === Ihe nkiri === * ''Kampus'' (1986) * ''Agter Elke'' Man (1990) * ''Enweghị dike'' (1992) * ''Die Gevaar Van De AAR'' (1993) * Otu ''Ikpe nke'' Ogbugbu (2004) * ''Bakgat 2'' (2010) * Platteland (2011) * Pretville (2012) * ''Treurgrond'' (2015) === Telivishọn === * ''Guillam Woudberg'' (1985) * ''Agter Elke'' Man (1986-1988) * ''Egoli'' (1992 na 2001) * ''Ohere Egwuregwu'' (1995) * 7 nke Laan (2007-2012) * ''Comedy Central Roast nke Steve Hofmeyr'' (2012) * ''Dis Hoe Dit zutere Steve'' (2006 -) * ''Die Kwesbares'' (2020) == Edemsibịa == {{Reflist|colwidth=30em}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] qqchdutw1fc87827vwqhsj9m8gjp2d8 0 15204 85952 79050 2022-07-31T04:19:32Z Lebron jay 12508 +image #WPWPIG wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Pauldutoit.jpg|thumb]] '''Paul Johan''' du Toit (ụbọchị irí atọ na otu n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 1965 rụọ úbọchị itoolu n'ọnwa Jenụwarị n'afọ 2014) bụ onye na-ese ihe na South Africa, na-arụ ọrụ na eserese, ihe ọkpụkpụ, akwụkwọ na mgbasa ozi ngwakọta. E gosipụtara ihe ngosi ya n'ụwa niile. Karịsịa, a họọrọ atọ n'ime ihe ọkpụkpụ ya màkà 2001 Florence Biennale. Otu n'ime ọtụtụ onyinye ọ natara bụ ihe nrite sitere n'obodo Florence na Biennale Internationale Dell'arte Contemporanea . A họpụtara ya màkà onyinye Daimler Chrysler Sculpture Award nke afọ 2002. N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, a kpọrọ Paul ka ya na ónyé bụbu ónyé isi ala [[Nelson Mandela]] na ndị egwu mba ụwa rụọ ọrụ na mkpọsa 46664. == Akụkọ ndụ == A mụrụ Paul Johan du Toit n'ubochí irí atọ na otu n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 1965 na Johannesburg. Ọ tolitere na Mayfair Johannesburg ma oge ya nọrọ n'etiti nwanne nne ya na-ese ihe, Elizabeth van der Sandt, na ụlọ ọrụ nna ya, ebe ọ na-emepụta ihe ọkpụkpụ site na ngwaọrụ eletrik ebe nwanne nne ya kụziiri ya usoro eserese mmanụ. N'afọ 1984, Paul du Toit debara aha ya n'afọ 1985 ka e debara áhà ha na South African Air Force ebe o jiri oge ahụ rụọ ọrụ ịkwa nkà, rụọ ọrụ ọla nchara izizi ya nke ụgbọelu ma mụọ sayensị kọmputa nwa oge site na Pretoria Technikon. Mgbè ọ hapụrụ ndị agha ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-eme mmemme kọmputa N'afọ 1988, ụlọ ọrụ Paul du Toit na-arụ ọrụ na ya batara na liquidation ma ọ rụrụ ọrụ na-agwụ ike na ụlọ akụ iji nweta ego. N'oge a niile, ọ na-ese ihe n'abalị iji mee ka nkà nka ya dị ndụ. N'afọ 1992, nleta Florence na Ịtali ga-abụ ógè mgbanwe n'ọrụ nka Paul. Ọ bụ David nke Michelangelo kpaliri ya nke ukwuu nke na ọ laghachiri na-agba mbọ ime ọrụ nka ya. Mmetụta a ka ọ dịkwuo ike site na njem ha gara Paris afọ abụọ ka e mesịrị, ébé ikpughe otu ihe a tụrụ atụ nke e ji ụfụfụ polyurethane na plastik mee n'azụ Louvre, kpaliri ya n'ezie. Ọ laghachiri South Africa wee bido ime ihe ọkpụkpụ n'ime ụlọ ọrụ ya, site na ihe ndị a tụfuru atụfu. Otu n'ime ndị a meriri ya 'Best Artist with No Formal Training' na Association of Arts na Bellville Cape. N'ime ụlọ ọrụ ya na Hout Bay, Paul bịdọrọ iji usoro impasto (ihe nkedo ụlọ ọrụ siri ike nke ọ na-etinye akara na ihe oyiyi) nke ga-aghọ ihe dị mkpà n'ụdị edemede ya na-akpaghị aka. N'oge a, o jikwa ihe ọmụma kọmputa ya mee ka ojiji ya nke ịntanetị dịkwuo mma ma jikọọ na ihe nkiri nka mba ụwa. N'afọ 2014, du Toit nwụrụ n'ọrịa kansa. Ọ dị afọ iri anọ na asatọ. == Ọrụ nka + Ọrụ nka == N'afọ 1997 Paul rere ihe osise mbụ ya n'ógbè ahụ. Ọ malitekwara ebe nrụọrụ weebụ ya ma ónyé nwe ụlọ ngosi ihe nkiri na Paris hụrụ ọrụ ya ma kpọọ ya ka ọ gosipụta ya na 1998. Paul kpebiri ime ihe osise ya ka ọ ghọrọ akụkụ nke ihe ngosi otu na Groot Constantia Art Gallery. 1998 bụ afọ Paul gara na sekit mba ụwa na ihe osise ndị a na-egosi n'ọtụtụ ihe ngosi mba ụwa na mpaghara. Ọ pụtara na CNN International Art Club ma mee ihe ngosi nke mbụ ya na Paris. Afọ 1999 gosipụtara na ọ gara n'ihu na mmasị obodo na nke mba ụwa na ihe ngosi na Moscow, Edinburgh na ụlọ ọrụ mpaghara na-azụta ụfọdụ ọrụ Paul. 2000 bụ nnupụisi nye Paul ka Prọfesọ họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ otu n'ime irí asaá karịrị 2000 ː a dị ịrịba ama ihe. Nke a dugara n'ihe ngosi nke otu na otu na Cape Town yana ihe ngosi na Netherlands na France. 2000 mara ọkwa mmalite nke ihe osise osisi Paul. N'afọ 2001, a họpụtara ya ka ọ gosipụta ọrụ ya na Florence Biennale of Contemporary Art ebe ọ meriri n'ọnọdụ nke ise na ngalaba ihe ọkpụkpụ. A họpụtakwara ya maka onyinye Daimler Chrysler maka ihe osise South Africa. O mere ihe ngosi abụọ n'onwe ya otu na Holland Art Fair na The Hague na nke ọzọ na Cape Town.<gallery> Usòrò:Planet Paul (logo).gif|Ihe ngosi PlanetPaul Usòrò:Well-travelled (Paul du Toit painting).jpg|Ezigbo njem, 2000, Acrylic on canvas, 2m x 2m, paul du toit Usòrò:Balance by Paul du Toit.jpg|Balance, 2001, impasto, 120 x 140 cm, Paul du Toit </gallery> == Edensibia == <references /> * Paul du Toit gbara [http://www.indagare.com/passions/2/departments/171/7776 ajụjụ ọnụ] Indagare Magazine NYC, 2009. * "Essay" nke Kresta Tyler-Johnson * [http://vgallery.co.za/34long/paulind.htm ''Ihe ngosi''] [http://vgallery.co.za/34long/paulind.htm Paul] du Toit na 34Long Fine Art, Cape Town. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110727185122/http://www.artfilms.co.za/ Paul] du Toit ArtFilms. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060918200455/http://people.africadatabase.org/en/person/15570.html Paul] du Toit Profile na Contemporary Africa Database. * "[https://web.archive.org/web/20060930102731/http://www.uj.ac.za/index.asp?page=article&code=7&id=787 ''Lee ihe osise na''] Planet Paul", University of Johannesburg exhibition profile, 14 Septemba 2006. [dead link] * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] * "Off the Wall: Paul du Toit", [nke a tọhapụrụ na AbsoluteArts.com, 26 Jenụwarị 2005. * "Paul du Toit" * Ihe ngosi Web 2.0 Ihe ngosi nka Web 2.0 na France * Ajụjụ ọnụ "Sunday Times" == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.pauldutoit.com Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ] nke Paul du Toit * [http://www.artnet.fr/artist/423795676/paul-du-toit.html Akụkọ ihe mere eme] nke onye na-ese ihe na South Africa bụ Paul du Toit * [http://web.mac.com/planetpaul/iWeb/planetpaul/paulartcast/paulartcast.html Podcasts] [ihe jikọrọ ya na-adịghị adịgide adịgide] raara nye nka nke Paul du Toit * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071006234603/http://www.dieudonne.org/main.cfm?chID=2&inc=press-detail&ID=57&type=pulp] Paul na studio na Dieu Donne Papermill New York City m4a2c1jig69sn1kyfyjawle0zvdrw1i 0 15205 85953 79056 2022-07-31T04:21:25Z Lebron jay 12508 +image #WPWPIG wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Peter Eastman, 2012.jpg|thumb]] '''Peter Eastman''' (amụrụ n'afọ 1976) bụ Ónyé na-ese ihe nà [[South Africa]] bị nà Cape Town .<ref>{{Cite web|title=Peter Eastman - About|url=https://www.petereastman.com/about|work=Peter Eastman|accessdate=16 June 2021}}</ref><ref name="artthrob">{{Cite journal|author=Edmunds|first=Paul|title=Peter Eastman|journal=artthrob|date=August 2008|issue=132|url=http://www.artthrob.co.za/08aug/artbio.html|accessdate=16 June 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Peter Eastman, Black Portrait|url=http://artcenter.hugovoeten.org/en/highlights/article/394-peter-eastman|work=Art Center Hugo Voeten|publisher=Hugo Voeten museum|accessdate=3 June 2021}}</ref> == Agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Eastman n'afọ 1976 ọ mà too nà South Africa. Ọ malitere ọrụ ya dị ka onye na-eweghachi ihe ochie na London, United Kingdom. Ọ gakwara ụlọ akwụkwọ Michaelis nke dị na Mahadum Cape Town.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Peter Eastman, featured|url=https://10and5.com/2014/01/24/featured-peter-eastman/|work=between 10 and 5|publisher=between 10 and 5, Jessica Hunkin|accessdate=3 June 2021}}</ref> == Ọrụ == N'afọ 2014, ọ bịdọrọ ilekwasị anya na ihe osise nke ihe osise ọhịa na ikuku.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Peter Eastman, Coldstream|url=https://www.omenkaonline.com/must-see-exhibitions-march/|work=Omenka online|publisher=Omenka, Ladun Ogidun|accessdate=3 June 2021}}</ref> A makwaara Eastman màkà ụdị monochromatic pụrụ iche. Ihe oyiyi ndị e debere n'ihe ngosi ndị na-adịghị omimi na-anọgide na-abụ ihe a na-adịghị ahụ anya ruo mgbè ónyé na-ekiri ya nọ n'ọnọdụ ziri ezi maka ìhè iji tụba ihe oyiyi ahụ n'ime relief, na-egosipụta ụda na agba na-agbanwe agbanwe. O yikarịrị ka e ji usoro a mee ihe nke ọma n'ihe osise ya bụ ŌHorse, n'afọ 2005.<ref name="artthrob">{{Cite journal|author=Edmunds|first=Paul|title=Peter Eastman|journal=artthrob|date=August 2008|issue=132|url=http://www.artthrob.co.za/08aug/artbio.html|accessdate=16 June 2021}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFEdmunds2008">Edmunds, Paul (August 2008). [http://www.artthrob.co.za/08aug/artbio.html "Peter Eastman"]. ''artthrob'' (132)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> N'afọ 2007, Eastman gosipụtara 'Supernature' na gallery whatiftheworld nke Cape Town.<ref name="Archived copy">{{Cite web|url=http://www.whatiftheworld.com/exhibitions/2007/11/02/super-nature-by-peter-eastman/|title=Archived copy|accessdate=2012-08-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090417052656/http://www.whatiftheworld.com/exhibitions/2007/11/02/super-nature-by-peter-eastman/|archivedate=2009-04-17}}</ref> Usoro íhé osise enamel na acrylic dị na mpempe aluminum, gosipụtara íhé osise nke ụdị nnụnụ dị iche iche metụtara isiokwu nke nkwenkwe ụgha na ihu ọma.<ref name="artthrob">{{Cite journal|author=Edmunds|first=Paul|title=Peter Eastman|journal=artthrob|date=August 2008|issue=132|url=http://www.artthrob.co.za/08aug/artbio.html|accessdate=16 June 2021}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFEdmunds2008">Edmunds, Paul (August 2008). [http://www.artthrob.co.za/08aug/artbio.html "Peter Eastman"]. ''artthrob'' (132)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> N'afọ 2010, Eastman gosipụtara usoro foto ojii na Primo Marella gallery na Milan, Ịtali, nkè Yacouba Konaté haziri.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Africa, assume art position|url=https://www.primomarellagallery.com/en/exhibitions/68/africa-assume-art-position/|work=Primo Marella|publisher=Primo Marella gallery|accessdate=3 June 2021}}</ref> A họpụtara Eastman n'akụkụ ndị omenkà mbà ụwa iri na asaá iji mepụta ihe ngosi màkà 2010 FIFA World Cup na South Africa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Imagining soccer|url=https://mg.co.za/article/2009-12-03-imagining-soccer/|work=Mail&Guardian|publisher=Mail&Guardian|accessdate=3 June 2021}}</ref> Ka e mesịrị n'afọ ahụ, a na-ere ọrụ ahụ na Phillips de Pury na New York City. == Hụkwa == * Ihe osise Africa nke oge a == Ihe ngosi onwe onye ahọpụtara == '''2019''' Tangled Hierarchies, Smac Gallery, Cape Town, South Africa<ref>{{Cite web|title=Peter Eastman, Tangled Hierarchies|url=https://issuu.com/david8456/docs/art-times-june-2019|work=issu/Art Times|publisher=Art Times Magazine|accessdate=3 June 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Interconnected Creation, Peter Eastman's Tangled Hierarchies|url=https://artthrob.co.za/2019/06/03/interconnected-creation-peter-eastmans-tangled-hierarchies/#:~:text=In%20a%20sense%2C%20Peter%20Eastman,%2C%20creating%20a%20Tangled%20Hierarchy.%E2%80%9D|work=ArtThrob|publisher=ArtThrob magazine|accessdate=3 June 2021}}</ref> '''2017''' Coldstream, Smac Gallery, Johannesburg, South Africa<ref>{{Cite web|title=Peter Eastman, Coldstream|url=https://www.inyourpocket.com/johannesburg/peter-eastman-coldstream_6142e|work=In your pocket johannesburg guide|publisher=In your pocket essential city guides|accessdate=3 June 2021}}</ref> '''2016''' Surface Light, Smac Gallery, Cape Town, South Africa<ref>{{Cite web|title=Peter Eastman|url=http://www.warreneditions.com/peter-eastman/|work=warren editions|publisher=Warren editions printmakers|accessdate=3 June 2021}}</ref> '''2014''' Deep China, Smac Gallery, Cape Town, South Africa<ref>{{Cite web|title=Report from South Africa, Peter Eastman at SMAC gallery in Cape Town|url=https://artreview.com/feature-artthrob-roundup-4-july-2014/|work=ArtReview|publisher=ArtReview magazine|accessdate=3 June 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Seeing the forest for the trees, Peter Eastman|url=https://artthrob.co.za/Reviews/Tim_Leibbrandt_reviews_Deep_Chine_by_Peter_Eastman_at_SMAC_Art_Gallery_Cape_Town.aspx|work=ArtThrob|publisher=ArtThrob magazine|accessdate=3 June 2021}}</ref> '''2012''' ''E liri ya na oji na ọcha'', Whatiftheworld gallery, Cape Town, South Africa '''2010''' ''Ndụ dị mkpụmkpụ'', WhatiftheworldIFTHEWORLD gallery, Cape Town, South Africa<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.whatiftheworld.com/exhibitions/2010/08/25/life-is-short-by-peter-eastman/|title=Archived copy|accessdate=2012-08-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120210114122/http://www.whatiftheworld.com/exhibitions/2010/08/25/life-is-short-by-peter-eastman/|archivedate=2012-02-10}}</ref> '''2010''' ''Maka oge'' nke ndụ ha, Co-Op gallery, Johannesburg, South Africa<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.co-opjoburg.com/program/2010/02/11/peter-eastman-for-the-term-of-their-natural-lives/|title=Archived copy|accessdate=2012-08-11|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20130119172724/http://www.co-opjoburg.com/program/2010/02/11/peter-eastman-for-the-term-of-their-natural-lives/|archivedate=2013-01-19}}</ref> '''2009''' ''Peter Eastman'' Landscapes, Aardklop National arts festival, Potchefstroom, South Africa<ref>[[The North-West University Gallery]]</ref> '''2008''' Shadow Paintings, Obert nke oge a, Johannesburg, South Africa Supernature, Whatiftheworld gallery, Cape Town, South Africa<ref name="Archived copy">{{Cite web|url=http://www.whatiftheworld.com/exhibitions/2007/11/02/super-nature-by-peter-eastman/|title=Archived copy|accessdate=2012-08-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090417052656/http://www.whatiftheworld.com/exhibitions/2007/11/02/super-nature-by-peter-eastman/|archivedate=2009-04-17}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://web.archive.org/web/20090417052656/http://www.whatiftheworld.com/exhibitions/2007/11/02/super-nature-by-peter-eastman/ "Archived copy"]. Archived from [http://www.whatiftheworld.com/exhibitions/2007/11/02/super-nature-by-peter-eastman/ the original] on 17 April 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 August</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment" data-ve-ignore="true"><code class="cs1-code"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Àtụ:Cite web|cite web]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ([[:Category: CS1 maint: echekwara dị ka aha|link]])</span> [[Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title]]</ref> '''2007''' Black Paintings, Obert Contemporary, Johannesburg, South Africa '''2004''' Reflective, Stevenson Gallery, Cape Town, South Africa<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.stevenson.info/exhibitions/eastman/eastman.htm|title=Archived copy|accessdate=2012-08-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130620152054/http://stevenson.info/exhibitions/eastman/eastman.htm|archivedate=2013-06-20}}</ref> == Njikọ mpụga == * Official website * [https://archive.today/20130422024117/http://www.printgallery.co.za/intro.php?users_id=811 Ebe obibi akwụkwọ South Africa] * [http://issuu.com/arttimes/docs/business-art-march-10 Isiokwu] na Business Art == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] jsl5ankz867zidh5hvbm5ccr3f28qfa 0 15210 85926 79063 2022-07-30T19:19:36Z Lebron jay 12508 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Velile_-_Gala_Nacht_des_Sports_2010_e.jpg wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Velile - Gala Nacht des Sports 2010 e.jpg|thumb]]   [[Category:Articles with short description]] [[Category:Short description is different from Wikidata]] [[Category:Articles with hCards]] Velile (amụrụ '''Velile''' Mchunu n'afọ 1973 na KwaMashu, Natal, South Africa ) bụ onye South Africa na-agụ egwu pop na onye na-eme ihe nkiri. A maara ya karịchaa site na egwu "Helele", nke RTL (redio French) na telivishọn Switzerland jiri ruọ ọru na ngosi nke Football World Cup n'afọ 2010 na South Africa, ma na Germany dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri na mmepụta Hamburg nke egwu The Lion King .<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.haz.de/Hannover/Aus-der-Region/Garbsen/Nachrichten/Verein-Black-White-for-Angola-macht-Informationsabend-mit-Live-Musik-in-Gaststaette-Alt-Garbsen|title=Unser Veranstaltungstipp – Soko und Velile spielen afrikanischen Jazz|author=Germany|first=Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung, Hannover, Niedersachsen|work=Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung|language=de-DE|accessdate=2017-11-18}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.br-online.de/bayern3/musik-center/ulli-wengers-hitcycling-helele-ID1277359972299.xml|title=Ein Song und seine Geschichte: Velile Mchunu & Safri Duo: "Helele" {{!}} Musik-Center {{!}} BAYERN 3 {{!}} BR|date=2010-07-07|publisher=Br-online|accessdate=2017-11-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100707083755/http://www.br-online.de/bayern3/musik-center/ulli-wengers-hitcycling-helele-ID1277359972299.xml|archivedate=2010-07-07}}</ref> == Akụkọ ndụ == Mchunu tolitere n'obodo dị nso n'obodo Durban nke South Africa ma gaa ụlọ akwụkwọ ihe nkiri na "Committed Artist Academy" na Johannesburg. N'afọ 1999, ya na Stevie Wonder na Michael Jackson gosiputara n'oge ụbọchị ọmụmụ Nelson Mandela. Na Hamburg, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị mkpa nke shaman Rafiki na egwu "The Lion King" ruo ọtụtụ afọ. Na-nsote, ọ pụtara na egwu ''Sarafina'' yana ihe nkiri South Africa nke afọ 1992 nke otu aha ahụ, banyere nwa okorobịa isi ojii South Africa na-anwa ike ya maka nnwere onwe n'oge ịkpa ókè agbụrụ. Ọ gara njem iji mee ihe ngosi nke egwu Izidumo na Ipi Ntombi. Ọ pụtakwara na njem 2006 dị ka onye soloist nye n'egwú dị iche iche.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.haz.de/Hannover/Aus-der-Region/Garbsen/Nachrichten/Verein-Black-White-for-Angola-macht-Informationsabend-mit-Live-Musik-in-Gaststaette-Alt-Garbsen|title=Unser Veranstaltungstipp – Soko und Velile spielen afrikanischen Jazz|author=Germany|first=Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung, Hannover, Niedersachsen|work=Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung|language=de-DE|accessdate=2017-11-18}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFGermany">Germany, Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung, Hannover, Niedersachsen. [http://www.haz.de/Hannover/Aus-der-Region/Garbsen/Nachrichten/Verein-Black-White-for-Angola-macht-Informationsabend-mit-Live-Musik-in-Gaststaette-Alt-Garbsen "Unser Veranstaltungstipp – Soko und Velile spielen afrikanischen Jazz"]. ''Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung'' (in German)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 German-language sources (de)]]</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.br-online.de/bayern3/musik-center/ulli-wengers-hitcycling-helele-ID1277359972299.xml|title=Ein Song und seine Geschichte: Velile Mchunu & Safri Duo: "Helele" {{!}} Musik-Center {{!}} BAYERN 3 {{!}} BR|date=2010-07-07|publisher=Br-online|accessdate=2017-11-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100707083755/http://www.br-online.de/bayern3/musik-center/ulli-wengers-hitcycling-helele-ID1277359972299.xml|archivedate=2010-07-07}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://web.archive.org/web/20100707083755/http://www.br-online.de/bayern3/musik-center/ulli-wengers-hitcycling-helele-ID1277359972299.xml "Ein Song und seine Geschichte: Velile Mchunu & Safri Duo: "Helele" | Musik-Center | BAYERN 3 | BR"]. Br-online. 7 July 2010. Archived from [http://www.br-online.de/bayern3/musik-center/ulli-wengers-hitcycling-helele-ID1277359972299.xml the original] on 7 July 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.universal-music.de/pop|title=Universal Music Deutschland: Deine Stars, deine Musik, alle Genres|work=www.universal-music.de|language=de-DE|accessdate=2017-11-18}}</ref> == Discografị == === Albọm === * Tales from Africa (2010) * Lion Queen (2011) === Ndi dị otu === * Helele (Velile & Safri Duo) (2010) * Kuyabanda (2010) * Injabulo (2011) == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] pbuqjz4csh7hf5aqcl8ul9evlgllmgx 85927 85926 2022-07-30T19:20:10Z Lebron jay 12508 +image #WPWPIG wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Velile - Gala Nacht des Sports 2010 e.jpg|thumb]]   Velile (amụrụ '''Velile''' Mchunu n'afọ 1973 na KwaMashu, Natal, South Africa ) bụ onye South Africa na-agụ egwu pop na onye na-eme ihe nkiri. A maara ya karịchaa site na egwu "Helele", nke RTL (redio French) na telivishọn Switzerland jiri ruọ ọru na ngosi nke Football World Cup n'afọ 2010 na South Africa, ma na Germany dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri na mmepụta Hamburg nke egwu The Lion King .<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.haz.de/Hannover/Aus-der-Region/Garbsen/Nachrichten/Verein-Black-White-for-Angola-macht-Informationsabend-mit-Live-Musik-in-Gaststaette-Alt-Garbsen|title=Unser Veranstaltungstipp – Soko und Velile spielen afrikanischen Jazz|author=Germany|first=Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung, Hannover, Niedersachsen|work=Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung|language=de-DE|accessdate=2017-11-18}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.br-online.de/bayern3/musik-center/ulli-wengers-hitcycling-helele-ID1277359972299.xml|title=Ein Song und seine Geschichte: Velile Mchunu & Safri Duo: "Helele" {{!}} Musik-Center {{!}} BAYERN 3 {{!}} BR|date=2010-07-07|publisher=Br-online|accessdate=2017-11-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100707083755/http://www.br-online.de/bayern3/musik-center/ulli-wengers-hitcycling-helele-ID1277359972299.xml|archivedate=2010-07-07}}</ref> [[Category:Articles with short description]] [[Category:Short description is different from Wikidata]] [[Category:Articles with hCards]] == Akụkọ ndụ == Mchunu tolitere n'obodo dị nso n'obodo Durban nke South Africa ma gaa ụlọ akwụkwọ ihe nkiri na "Committed Artist Academy" na Johannesburg. N'afọ 1999, ya na Stevie Wonder na Michael Jackson gosiputara n'oge ụbọchị ọmụmụ Nelson Mandela. Na Hamburg, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị mkpa nke shaman Rafiki na egwu "The Lion King" ruo ọtụtụ afọ. Na-nsote, ọ pụtara na egwu ''Sarafina'' yana ihe nkiri South Africa nke afọ 1992 nke otu aha ahụ, banyere nwa okorobịa isi ojii South Africa na-anwa ike ya maka nnwere onwe n'oge ịkpa ókè agbụrụ. Ọ gara njem iji mee ihe ngosi nke egwu Izidumo na Ipi Ntombi. Ọ pụtakwara na njem 2006 dị ka onye soloist nye n'egwú dị iche iche.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.haz.de/Hannover/Aus-der-Region/Garbsen/Nachrichten/Verein-Black-White-for-Angola-macht-Informationsabend-mit-Live-Musik-in-Gaststaette-Alt-Garbsen|title=Unser Veranstaltungstipp – Soko und Velile spielen afrikanischen Jazz|author=Germany|first=Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung, Hannover, Niedersachsen|work=Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung|language=de-DE|accessdate=2017-11-18}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFGermany">Germany, Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung, Hannover, Niedersachsen. [http://www.haz.de/Hannover/Aus-der-Region/Garbsen/Nachrichten/Verein-Black-White-for-Angola-macht-Informationsabend-mit-Live-Musik-in-Gaststaette-Alt-Garbsen "Unser Veranstaltungstipp – Soko und Velile spielen afrikanischen Jazz"]. ''Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung'' (in German)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 German-language sources (de)]]</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.br-online.de/bayern3/musik-center/ulli-wengers-hitcycling-helele-ID1277359972299.xml|title=Ein Song und seine Geschichte: Velile Mchunu & Safri Duo: "Helele" {{!}} Musik-Center {{!}} BAYERN 3 {{!}} BR|date=2010-07-07|publisher=Br-online|accessdate=2017-11-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100707083755/http://www.br-online.de/bayern3/musik-center/ulli-wengers-hitcycling-helele-ID1277359972299.xml|archivedate=2010-07-07}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://web.archive.org/web/20100707083755/http://www.br-online.de/bayern3/musik-center/ulli-wengers-hitcycling-helele-ID1277359972299.xml "Ein Song und seine Geschichte: Velile Mchunu & Safri Duo: "Helele" | Musik-Center | BAYERN 3 | BR"]. Br-online. 7 July 2010. Archived from [http://www.br-online.de/bayern3/musik-center/ulli-wengers-hitcycling-helele-ID1277359972299.xml the original] on 7 July 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.universal-music.de/pop|title=Universal Music Deutschland: Deine Stars, deine Musik, alle Genres|work=www.universal-music.de|language=de-DE|accessdate=2017-11-18}}</ref> == Discografị == === Albọm === * Tales from Africa (2010) * Lion Queen (2011) === Ndi dị otu === * Helele (Velile & Safri Duo) (2010) * Kuyabanda (2010) * Injabulo (2011) == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] hg56dhr9o19kfohlnxqlltzizranzjp 0 15235 85949 79089 2022-07-31T04:13:01Z Lebron jay 12508 +image #WPWPIG wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Hussein el gebaly personal photo 1.jpg|thumb]]   '''Hussein El Gebaly''' (Arabic) (amụrụ na 18 Mee n'afọ1934, nwụrụ na 18 Jenụwarị 2014 na Giza, Ijip pt) bụ onOmenkà n'Ijiptipt. == Akụkọ ndụ onye na-ese ihe == O nwetara diplọma ya na ngalaba nke Fine Arts na Cairo na 1958, na diplọma ya na Higher Institute for Artistic Education na 1959. Ọmụmụ ihe na ngalaba agụmakwụkwọ na Mahadum Ain Shams na 1964. Ọ họọrọ agụmakwụkwọ site n'aka Gọọmentị Ịtali maka afọ atọ site na 1965 ruo 1968. Ọ họọrọ diplọma nke ọkachamara na lithography site na steeti Institute for Fine Arts and Book Drawing Urbino na Italy, 1967. Ọrụ sayensị sitere n'aka Gọọmentị Netherlands iji mụọ Lithograph Arts na Printing na Silk screen maka ọnwa itoolu na 1976. Ọ natara akwụkwọ ịkpọ òkù site n'aka Gọọmentị US ka ọ nọrọ otu ọnwa ileta ụlọ ọrụ, ụlọ nyocha na ụlọ akwụkwọ pụrụ iche na nka eserese na 1980. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka prọfesọ na Faculty of Fine Arts na Alexandria, Minya na Leonard Da Vinci Institute. Ọ lekọtara ọtụtụ ndị na-ese ihe na Mahadum Helwan na Minya. O sonyere na nkwupụta Ph.D. na MA na mahadum ndị a kpọtụrụ aha n'elu yana Academy of Arts. Prọfesọ na onye bụbu onye isi oche nke Ngalaba Graphic Arts - Faculty of Fine Arts na Cairo - Mahadum Helwan. Onye bụbu onye isi oche nke Syndicate of Plastic Arts na Ijipt. Onye isi oche nke National Association of Contemporary Egyptian Graphic Arts na ndị Omenkà na mba ọzọ. [[Usòrò:Hussein_El_Gebaly_2002.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Hussein El Gebaly na nnukwu ọrụ nka ya]] == Ihe nrite == * Ihe nrite ọlaọcha sitere na Organization of Activating Tourism, Anacin na Ịtali - 1976. * Ihe nrite nke abụọ na Alexandria Biennial, Egypt - 1977. * Ihe nrite nke nchịkọta site na Organization of Activating Tourism, Alexandria Egypt - 1978. * Ihe nrite steeti maka ịkwalite nka na 1979. * Medal of Arts & Sciences, First Grade, Egypt - 1979. * Nchịkọta ihe nrite maka Biennial Lubjliana - 1987. * Ihe nrite nke abụọ na Biennial of Graphic Arts on Wood Cut na Czechoslovakia 1991. * Ihe nrite ọla edo na Trinali nke Fredrick, Stad - 1989. * Ọ họọrọ ọtụtụ Diplomas & Certificates of appreciation. * A họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye otu na kọmitii mba ụwa nke Arbitration maka Biennial of Ukraine - 1991. * Ọ họọrọ ihe nrite Triennial nke Cairo - 1993 1.g. * A họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye ọbịa nsọpụrụ nke Third International Triennial for Graphic Art - 1999. * Ihe nrite nkwalite steeti (ihe nrite uru steeti) maka ọrụ ya na nka Ijipt - 2000. * Medal of Arts & Sciences, First Grade, Egypt - 2000 . == Edensibia == * [https://archive.today/20130125041814/http://www.hewarartgallery.com/Artists.asp?PageID=4&language=En&p=6&f=0&id=63 https://archive.today/20130125041814/http://www.hewarartgallery.com/Artists.asp?PageID=4&asụsụ=En&p=6&f=0&id=63] * http://www.zamalekartgallery.com/en_exhibition.php?exhibitionID=12&artistID=9&availiable= * http://www.zamalekartgallery.com/en_ex_artist.php?artistID=9&exhibitionID=12&availiable= * http://www.zamalekartgallery.com/en_ex_article.php?artistID=9&exhibitionID=12&availiable= * https://artfacts.net/artist/hussein-el-gebaly/207419 * http://www.hopeandoptimism.com/HO73.htm * https://web.archive.org/web/20081012212112/http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2000/488/cu2.htm * https://web.archive.org/web/20081017091144/http://www.miniprint.org/sp/minipr/particip.html * https://web.archive.org/web/20090216113836/http://myeyeonegypt.net/Briefs/ContemporaryArtInEgypt.html * http://www.eapgroup.com/articles/ear53_4seasonsart.pdf%5B%5D * https://web.archive.org/web/20090216113836/http://myeyeonegypt.net/Briefs/ContemporaryArtInEgypt.html * http://www.bibliopolis.com/main/books/zenbooks_zb00347.html?id=UrWUXbDa%5B%5D * http://www.velaj.com/?cid=1,85,188 * http://abstractart2006.narod.ru/pictures/Gebali/page.htm * http://www.ecampus.com/book/9789774248597 * http://www.fineart.gov.eg/arb/cv/CV.asp?IDS=781 * http://www.asharqalawsat.com/details.asp?section=30&article=304865&issueno=9692 * http://www.elbadeel.net/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=16199&Itemid=39 * http://www.arabdecision.org/show_cv_5_14_22_1_3_577722969.htm * https://web.archive.org/web/20090130021311/http://www.newstin.ae/tag/ar/76368274 * https://web.archive.org/web/20090401030629/http://www.mmukhtarmuseum.gov.eg/main.html * http://www.aawsat.com/details.asp?section=54&article=492894&issueno=10930 * [http://wiki.yahala.co.il/index.php?title=%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%5B%5D http://wiki.yahala.co.il/index.php?title=%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%D8%A8%D8%D7%A7%D98%D9%844D9%8D9%8B%5D] * http://www.gom.com.eg/algomhuria/2005/06/11/hadeeth/detail07.shtml%5B%5D * [http://www.diwanalarab.com/spip.php?article7900 http://www.diwanalarab.com/spip.php?isiokwu7900] q96u2a1l5qp8l15rzz6oxzyvyuyc1jq 0 15277 85955 79136 2022-07-31T04:27:16Z Lebron jay 12508 +image #WPWPIG wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Sello Maake kaNcube|image=<ref>{{cite web |title=Maake Ka-Ncube has always fought GBV from the front|url= https://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Flh3.googleusercontent.com%2F68A_vH7kA0zbkurrbVbuVpnuJZMyjMqmV5wYIpXeNE9g1EAAguPrXgu4lQmMS3eObNClBN-piMV9T1EMKsN7el_nfXOcJhoBpQ%3Ds1500-pp&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sowetanlive.co.za%2Fentertainment%2F2020-10-23-maake-ka-ncube-has-always-fought-gbv-from-the-front%2F&tbnid=X_IXaS0zlcrxYM&vet=1&docid=uorDZN3vAsanxM&w=1500&h=1500&source=sh%2Fx%2Fim}}</ref>|birth_name=Sello Maake kaNcube|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1960|3|12|df=yes}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.etv.co.za/scandal/characters/daniel-nyathi |title=Archived copy |accessdate=14 May 2014 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150325075312/http://www.etv.co.za/scandal/characters/daniel-nyathi |archivedate=25 March 2015 }}</ref>|birth_place=[[Orlando, Soweto|Orlando East]], [[Soweto]], South Africa|occupation=Professional Actor, Playwright, Director, Producer and Gender Based Violence Activist <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/entertainment/2022-01-18-sello-maake-ka-ncube-adds-his-voice-to-fight-against-gbv/|title=Sello Maake ka Ncube adds his voice to fight against GBV }}</ref>|years_active=1981–present|alma_mater=[[University of Leeds]]|spouse=Pearl Maake kaNcube <ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.news24.com/truelove/exclusive/sello-maake-ka-ncube-on-finally-marrying-the-love-of-his-life-20211118 | title=Sello Maake Ka-Ncube on finally marrying the love of his life }}</ref>}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] [[Usòrò:Sello Maake kaNcube.jpg|thumb]] Sello Maake kaNcube (a mụrụ na 12 Machị 1960) bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri na South Africa. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ n'ala nna ya nakwa na United States, United Kingdom, Canada na Europe. == Mmalite ndụ == A mụrụ Maake kaNcube na Orlando East, Soweto, South Africa. O mechara kwaga Atteridgeville, Pretoria, ebe o tolitere. Ọ gbanwere aha nna ya ka ọ bụrụ Maake kaNcube iji sọpụrụ nna nna ya na nna ya. O nwere nzere masta na edemede ejije na Mahadum Leeds. == Ọrụ == === Ékwú ǹkà === Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na Royal Shakespeare Company na West End nke [[London]]. Egwuregwu ndị ọ rụrụ gụnyere: * Othello, nke dabeere na egwuregwu William Shakespeare, Othello * The Suit, nke dabeere na akụkọ mkpirikpi nke Can Themba, The Suit * Obere Obere Obodo * Mkpụrụ vaịn n'Anyanwụ * Ezigbo Nwanyị nke Sharkville * Gwa onye na-abịa maka nri abalị * Ndị Amụma nọ n'eluigwe ojii * Eze ọdụm, nke dabeere na 1994 animated classic, Eze ọdụm * Erọn * Titus Andronicus, nke dabeere na egwuregwu Shakespeare, ''Titus Andronicis'' === Ihe nkiri === Ọ pụtara na ihe nkiri ndị a: * 2017 Madiba (miniseries) dị ka Chief Albert Luthuli * 2005 Othello: Akụkọ South Africa * 1993 Djadje: N'abalị gara aga m dara n'elu ịnyịnya * 1993 Taxi gaa Soweto * 1993 Bopha! * 1992 Ezi Onye Fascist * 1991 Wheels na azụmahịa * 1990 Obodo Ọchịchịrị * 1990 Teepụ Rutanga * 1989 Oge Mmiri na-acha ọcha === Telivishọn === N'obodo ya, a maara ya nke ọma maka ọrụ ya na-eduzi na ihe nkiri ncha ogologo oge dịka Archie Moroka na ''ihe'' nkiri ETV Scandal! dị ka onye ọjọọ a na-akpọ Lucas "Daniel" Nyathi. Ọ rụkwara ọrụ dịka Kgosietsile na telenovela nke Mzansi Magic, The Queen na dị ka onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị rụrụ arụ na Mzansi Magic's ''Rockville'' .<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.theedgesearch.com/2016/09/sello-maake-ka-ncube-on-new-gay-role-on.html|date=15 September 2016|title=Sello Maake ka Ncube on new gay role on The Queen - The Edge Search|publisher=The Edge Search|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170107003909/https://www.theedgesearch.com/2016/09/sello-maake-ka-ncube-on-new-gay-role-on.html|archivedate=7 January 2017}}</ref> Ọ kọrọ akụkọ ihe mere eme nke afọ 2008 Africa's Outsiders banyere anụ ọhịa na-enweghị isi (albino), nke Animal Planet gosipụtara. === Onyinye === * 2021 Onyinye SOTIGUI nke Honorary * 2002 FNB Vita Nomination maka Best Ensemble Performance na Musical Theatre, Best Script of a New South African Play, Best Director na maka Best Production, maka Komeng * 2001 FNB Vita Award maka Best Performance in a Comedy by a Male maka Call Us Crazy * 2000/2001 Pan African Heritage Broadcast Achievement Award maka ihe nkiri * 1994 DALRO Award maka onye na-eme ihe nkiri kacha mma maka The Suit === Ọrụ ndụmọdụ ugbu a na nke gara aga === CURRENT: osote onye isi oche, Naledi Theatre Awards Soweto TV Board Gauteng Arts and Culture Adjudication Panel N'oge gara aga: Gauteng Film Commission Board of Trustees- Ịga n'ime Dance Mophatong === Ọrụ Nkwado Obodo === Sello Maake kaNcube Foundation WWW.sellomaakekancubefoundation.org.za == Edemsibịa == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb name|0433903}} * Sello Maake Ka-Ncube na TVSA [[Òtù:1960 births]] [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 6hfwmxnwp1r3ho1x4qineqgkmd3ajzd 0 15281 85929 79140 2022-07-30T19:31:53Z Lebron jay 12508 +image #WPWPIG wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Moira Lister 2 Allan Warren.jpg|thumb|Moira Lister ]]   [[Category:Articles with hCards]] Moira Lister Gachassin-Lafite, Viscountess of '''Orthez''' (6 August 1923 意 27 October 2007) bụ onye South African-British na-eme ihe nkiri, na telivishọn na onye edemede. == Mmalite ndụ == A mụrụ ya na Cape Town na Major James Lister na Margaret (née Hogan), Lister gụrụ akwụkwọ na Parktown Convent of the Holy Family, Johannesburg.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1567777/Moira-Lister.html|title=Moira Lister|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=30 October 2007|accessdate=3 March 2017}}</ref> Ọ bụ nwa akwụkwọ ihe nkiri nke Anna Romain Hoffman, onye ya na di ya Arthur Hoffman guzobere The Johannesburg Repertory Theatre. == Ọrụ == Ọ malitere ọrụ ime ihe nkiri ya n'elu ikpo okwu na South Africa wee gaa n'ihu na-eme ihe nkiri na London mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na asatọ.<ref name="fv">{{Cite book|year=1980s|author=Jani Allan|authorlink=Jani Allan|title=[[Face Value (book)|Face Value]]|publisher=Longstreet}}</ref> Lister malitere ịrụ ọrụ na ihe nkiri n'afọ 1943, ma pụta n'ọtụtụ ihe nkiri n'ime ọtụtụ iri afọ. Ndị a ma ama n'ime ndị a bụ maka Ealing Studios, dịka Another Shore (1948), A Run for Your Money (1949), Pool of London (1951) na The Cruel Sea (1953). Ọ pụtara na Peter Ustinov's long-running 1951 play The Love of Four Colonels in the West End . Ọ na-arụ ọrụ mgbe niile na usoro mbụ nke ihe nkiri redio BBC Hancock's Half Hour n'afọ 1954-55, ọ bụkwa otu n'ime ndị enyi nwanyị na A Life of Bliss nke George Cole na-eme dịka David Bliss, onye na-alụbeghị di.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/2007/oct/30/guardianobituaries.obituaries1|title=Moira Lister|author=Shorter|first=Eric|date=30 October 2007|work=The Guardian|accessdate=3 March 2017}}</ref> Ọ pụtara na usoro ''ihe'' nkiri telivishọn BBC The Whitehall Worrier na The Very Merry Widow site n'afọ1967 ruo 1968. (N'ikpeazụ, usoro ihe omume a kpọrọ The Very Merry Widow na How!) Lister pụtakwara na usoro ihe nkiri British TV ''ndị'' ọzọ dịka Danger Man na The Avengers ("The See-Through Man", 1967). N'afọ 1980, ọ pụtara dịka onye na-eme ihe nkiri na sitcom Only When I Laugh . Ọ bụ isiokwu ''nke'' This Is Your Life n'afọ 1971 mgbe Eamonn Andrews juru ya anya. Lister ka na-eme ihe ruo afọ atọ tupu ọnwụ ya, na-agagharị na otu nwanyị ya na-egosi banyere Noël Coward. Ọ bụ onye British Catholic Stage Guild. == Ndụ onwe == [[Usòrò:Blason_famille_Gachassin-Lafite_d'Orthez.svg|thumb|146x146px|Akara agha nke ezinụlọ Gachassin-Lafite d'Orthez]] N'afọ 1946, Lister so Neville Heath, onye bụbu onyeisi ndị agha ụgbọelu South Africa, gaa London, onye gburu ụmụ nwanyị abụọ na London naanị ọnwa ole na ole ka e mesịrị.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1567777/Moira-Lister.html|title=Moira Lister|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=30 October 2007|accessdate=3 March 2017}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1567777/Moira-Lister.html "Moira Lister"]. ''The Daily Telegraph''. 30 October 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=h9lzQgAACAAJ&q=the+very+merry+moira|title=The Very Merry Widow Moira|author=Lister|first=Moira|date=1 December 1969|publisher=Hodder & Stoughton|isbn=978-0-340-10632-7}}</ref> A mara Heath ikpe mgbe e kpesịrị ya ikpe dị egwu, a kwụgbukwara ya n'ọnwa Ọktoba afọ 1946.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AZxVOZ7CN7YC&q=neville+heath|title=Handsome Brute: The True Story of a Ladykiller|author=O'Connor|first=Sean|date=27 February 2014|publisher=Simon and Schuster|isbn=978-1-4711-0135-9|language=en}}</ref> N'afọ 1951, Moira Lister lụrụ onye Belgo-French aristocrat Jacques Gachassin-Lafite, Viscount of Orthez, nwa André Gachassin -Lafite (Viscount of Ortchez) na Louise van Dievoet. Jacques bụ onye ọrụ French nke Spahis, onye nwe ubi vaịn champagne na dike nke agha Rif; ha nwere ụmụ nwanyị abụọ, Chantal na Christobel. Lister nwekwara ụmụ ụmụ nwanyị abụọ, Christina d'Orthez na Marina d'Otthez. Moira Lister nwụrụ mgbe ọ dị afọ 84 n'afọ 2007. E liri ya na di ya na chọọchị St Edward's Catholic Church na Sutton Green, Surrey.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/moira-lister-398214.html|title=Moira Lister|date=29 October 2007|work=The Independent|accessdate=3 March 2017|language=en-GB}}</ref> == Nsọpụrụ == * Naledi Theatre Award, ihe nrite ndụ maka ọrụ ya na ihe nkiri na South Africa.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/moira-lister-398214.html|title=Moira Lister|date=29 October 2007|work=The Independent|accessdate=3 March 2017|language=en-GB}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/moira-lister-398214.html "Moira Lister"]. ''The Independent''. 29 October 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite></ref> * Onye na-eme ihe nkiri kacha mma n'afọ (1971) * Nnwere Onwe nke Obodo London (2000) == Ihe nkiri == === Ihe nkiri === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Afọ !Aha ya !Ọrụ ! class="unsortable" |Ihe edeturu |- |1943 |''Ndị Na-arụ Ụgbọ Mmiri'' |Rita | |- |1944 |''Nwanyị Na-enyefe Onwe Ya'' |Carol | |- |1945 |''Ndị m Ain'' |Joan Mackenzie | |- |1945 |''Don Chicago'' |Onye na-ahụ maka ekwentị | |- |1945 |''Onye Na-eme Ihe Na-akpali Akpali'' |Joan Shackleton | |- |1946 |''A Chọrọ Maka Ogbugbu'' |Nwaanyị Willis |AKA, ''Olu n'abalị'' |- |1948 |''Ọ dị nnọọ njọ Ịhụnanya M'' |Nnụnụ Kitty | |- |1948 |''Okwu Ndị Na-adịghị Ahụ Iche'' |Corinne Alardyse | |- |1948 |''Ụsọ Oké Osimiri Ọzọ'' |Jennifer | |- |1949 |''Ndị Na-arịa Njem Na-enweghị Ụzọ'' |Liz Dotty | |- |1949 |''Ịgba ọsọ maka Ego Gị'' |Jo | |- |1951 |''Files si Scotland Yard'' |Joanna Goring | |- |1951 |''Ọdọ Mmiri nke London'' |Ụlọ Ndị Dị n'Ụlọ | |- |1951 |''Mkpịsị Aka Na Ha'' |Diana | |- |1951 |''Okporo Ụzọ Ndị Na-acha Ọcha'' |Dolly Clark | |- |1952 |''Ihe Ego Na-apụghị Ịzụta'' |Diana Haverstock | |- |1953 |''Oké Osimiri Obi Ọjọọ'' |Elaine Morell | |- |1953 |''Nnukwu abalị Mba'' |Uwe ụmụ ọhụrụ | |- |1953 |''Nwoke Na-ehicha Uche'' |Pauline French | |- |1953 |''Nsogbu n'Ụlọ Ahịa'' |Peggy Drew | |- |1955 |''John na Julie'' |Dora | |- |1955 |''Oké Osimiri Na-acha Ọcha'' |Dawn Maxwell | |- |1957 |''Ifufe asaa'' |Edith Middleton |AKA, ''Ịhapụ Ụgbọ Mmiri'' |- |1964 |''Rolls-Royce Yellow'' |Lady Angela St. Simeon | |- |1965 |''Nwa nwoke Joey'' |Lady Thameridge | |- |1967 |''Nwoke Abụọ'' |Oriakụ Carrington | |- |1967 |''Ịchụpụ Ndị Mmadụ'' |Oriakụ Okooko osisi | |- |1973 |''Ọ bụghị Ugbu a, Ịhụnanya'' |Maude Bodley | |- |1989 |''Obere Ndị India Iri'' |Ethel Mae Rodgers | |- |2007 |''Idei Mmiri'' |Nne nne | |} === Telivishọn === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Afọ !Aha ya !Ọrụ ! class="unsortable" |Ihe edeturu |- |1948 |''Frieda'' |Frieda |Ihe nkiri TV |- |1949 |''Ya mere, Àkwà'' |Oriakụ Pepys |Ihe nkiri TV |- |1950 |''Ụlọ Egwuregwu Sunday Night'' |Senora Maria |"Àkwà mmiri nke Estaban" |- |1951 |''Ego Joseph Proctor'' |Poppy Marsh |Ihe nkiri TV |- |1954 |''Egwuregwu ahụ'' |Anne |Ihe nkiri TV |- |1954 |''Anụ bear'' |Yelena Ivanovna Popova |TV dị mkpirikpi |- |1954 |''Nzọụkwụ site na Nzọụkwụ'' |Berinthia |"Nlaghachi ma ọ bụ, Omume Ọma nọ n'ihe ize ndụ" |- |1956 |''Douglas Fairbanks Na-enye'' |Iv |"Onye Nleghara Anya" |- |1956 |''Egwuregwu ITV nke Izu'' |Obere Obere |"Cuckoo ọla edo" |- |1957 |''Egwuregwu ITV nke Izu'' |Maggie Palmer |"Ya na Ndị Ya" |- |1957 |''Ụlọ Egwuregwu Armchair'' |Mathilde Loisel |"Mkpịsị Mkpịsị" |- |1957 |''Ụlọ Egwuregwu Sunday Night'' |Amelia Laurenson |"Ụlọ Ndị Isi Obodo" |- |1957 |''Ụlọ Egwuregwu Sunday Night'' |Orinthia |"Ụgbọ Apple" |- |1960 |''Oge Somerset Maugham'' |Vesta Grange |"Flotsam na Jetsam" |- |1960 |''N'abalị Ihe nkiri'' |Nell Nash |"Gazebo" |- |1961 |''Nwoke Dị Iche Iche'' |Vanessa Stewart |"Chọta na Nlaghachi" |- |1961 |''Egwuregwu ITV nke Izu'' |Louise Yeyder |"Gilt na Gingerbread" |- |1963 |''Zero One'' |Oriakụ Isi awọ |"Ọgbaghara Ọlaedo" |- |1964 |''Ụlọ Egwuregwu Thursday'' |Laura Foster |"Simon na Laura" |- |1966 |''Nwoke Dị Iche Iche'' |Claudia Jordan |"Ndị na-achụ nta" |- |1966 |''Ụlọ Egwuregwu 625'' |Laura Foster |"Simon na Laura" |- |1966 |''Ụlọ Egwuregwu Comedy'' |Janet Pugh |"Ihe Ebumnuche nke Mallard" |- |1966 |''Onye isi Barbara'' |Lady Britomart |Ihe nkiri TV |- |1967 |''Ndị Avengers'' |Elena |"N'aka Nwoke Na-ahụ" |- |1967 |''Ihe na-awụ akpata oyi n'ahụ na Whitehall'' |Janet Pugh |Ihe nkiri TV |- |1967 1968 |''Nwunye di ya nwụrụ nke Obi Ụtọ'' |Jacqui Villiers |Ihe nkiri TV |- |1968 |''Mmetụta nke Venus'' |Emma Grant |"Desmond" |- |1968 |''Egwuregwu Mmekọahụ'' |Mimsy |"Ndị na-ahụ n'anya" |- |1969 |''Akụkọ Ịhụnanya'' |Ariade |"The Dolly Spike" |- |1969 |''Nwanyị di ya nwụrụ nke Obi Ụtọ na Olee Otú'' |Jacqui Villiers |Ihe nkiri TV |- |1973 |''Ihe nkiri Late Night'' |Vicky Labone |"Ọ ga-aga" |- |1980 |''Ndụ malitere mgbe ọ dị afọ iri anọ'' |Gertie |"Nkwado Kraịst" |- |1980 |''Naanị Mgbe M Na-achị ọchị'' |Gloria |"Gịnị mere Gloria Robins?" |- |1984 |''Hayfever'' |Judith Bliss |Ihe nkiri TV |- |1987 |''Ịchọta Ihe Ndị A Na-achọta Ihe'' |Nnukwu |Ihe nkiri TV |- |2000 |''Alaeze nke Iri'' |Nne nne |Obere ihe nkiri TV |- |2005 |''Sterne über Madeira'' |Mutter Oberin |Ihe nkiri TV |} == Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara == * ''Moira'' nwere obi ụtọ (1971) == Akwụkwọ == * A na-akpọ ya ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 2005 2008'', Oxford University Press, 2013, peeji nke 696 697 [https://books.google.be/books?id=nbGcAQAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=fr#v=onepage&q&f=false]. == Edemsibịa == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb name|0514263}} 0b7h87ql8unbnw0bc6xjhzichx745ay 0 15282 85954 79141 2022-07-31T04:25:46Z Lebron jay 12508 +image #WPWPIG wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:RichmondBarthe.jpg|thumb]] '''James Latimer Allen''' (1907-1977), bụ onye na-ese foto na onye na-ede foto nke a maara maka ihe oyiyi ya nke Harlem Renaissance nke ndi afọ 1920s na afọ 1930s. == Akụkọ ndụ == A mụrụ Allen na New York City, na ngwụcha afọ 1920 ọ wuru ụlọ foto ebe a na-ese foto ọtụtụ ndị isi site n'oge ahụ. N'etiti ndị o sere foto gụnyere Langston Hughes, [[Paul Robeson]], Alain Locke, na Carl Van Vechten. == Ọrụ nka == Dị ka onye na-enyocha nka nke ''New York Times'' William Zimmer si kwuo, ọrụ Allen nyeere aka "ịkwado mmalite" nke "The New Negro" nkà ihe ọmụma nke oge ahụ. Ọrụ ya gosipụtara "otu ebumnuche" nke o kwenyere na ọ na-ejide echiche a nke onye isi ala, onye Afrịka-Amerịka gụrụ akwụkwọ nke ọma. Ihe niile ọ na-ese na-eyi uwe nke ọma, ma na-ese foto n'ụzọ dị nro, nke yiri nke foto nke ndị nwere ọgụgụ isi n'oge ahụ.<ref name="NYTYale" /> A na-akpọ ihe oyiyi ndị a ihe osise dị iche iche, ma gosipụta ndị dị mkpa na Harlem Renaissance dịka Langston Hughes na Countee Cullen. Ọrụ Allen pụtara n'ọtụtụ akwụkwọ a ma ama site n'aka ndị na-akwado na ndị na-agbachitere Harlem Renaissance movement, dị ka The Opportunity, The Messenger, na The Crisis.<ref>''Yale Bulletin and Calendar'', Vol. 27, No. 18, January 25 – February 1, 1999.</ref> E gosipụtara ya na ihe nkiri ndi afọ 1930 A Study of Negro Artists, ya na Richmond Barthé, Aaron Douglas, Palmer Hayden, William Ellisworth Artis, Malvin Gray Johnson, [[Augusta Savage]], Lois Mailou Jones, na Georgette Seabrooke, na ndị ọzọ.<ref>[[iarchive:study_of_negro_artists|''A Study of Negro Artists'']] at Internet Archive.</ref><ref>[http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/561208/A-Study-of-Negro-Artists/full-synopsis.html "A Study of Negro Artists (1937)"] at TCM.</ref> Dị ka Camara Dia Holloway dere "Allen, James Latimer" na-egosi na Allen debanyere aha na Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ. == Mgbasa ozi mgbe ọ nwụsịrị == E gosipụtara ọrụ ya na Yale University Art Gallery n'afọ 1999. Harmon Foundation nyere ya ihe nrite $ 50 maka ọrụ ya na foto dị ka onye na-ese ihe Negro.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Edward A. Jewell|title=ART: Work of Negro Artists on View. Exhibition by Anne Goldthwaite. Other Art Shows|work=The New York Times|date=February 17, 1931|page=29}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, a na-ekwu na ihe ngosi ahụ n'afọ 1933, anaghị anọchite anya ọrụ ndị na-ese ihe Negro na-arụ na mba niile.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Edward A. Jewell|title=NEW DISPLAY MADE OF ART OF NEGROES: Exhibition at New School Has Fewer Entries, but Shows Interesting Subjects|work=The New York Times|date=May 1, 1934|page=21}}</ref> {{Reflist}} o91nxyhd2fvni89g8v4i0ltpibot3vn 0 15305 85925 79166 2022-07-30T19:15:13Z Lebron jay 12508 +image #WPWPIG wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:F73-kamel-messaoudi.jpg|thumb]]   [[Category:Articles with short description]] [[Category:Short description is different from Wikidata]] [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Kamel Messaoudi''' (Arabic: كمال مسعودي), (30 Jenụwarị 1961; Bouzaréah, Algeria 10 Disemba 1998; Algiers) bụ onye Algeria Chaabi na-eme egwu, nke a na-ewere dị ka otu n'ime ndị egwu kachasị ukwuu n'akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Algeria. == Akụkọ ndụ == A mụrụ ya n'ezinụlọ sitere na Kabyle na Jenụwarị, 30th, 1961, na Bouzaréah na mpụga Algiers ebe ọ tolitere. Ọ malitere ịme egwu chaabi n'afọ 1974 n'otu ìgwè ụmụ akwụkwọ. == Egwu ya gasi == * ''Echamaâ'' * ''Ya hassra âalik ya denya'' * ''Ya dzair ra7 tab na-ekwu na ọ bụ'' * ''Njoum ellil'' * ''Kalthoum'' * ''Wahd El ghouziel'' * ''Hanna'' * ''Ech Tsaid'' * ''Asm3i ya lbnia'' * ''Kifech ana n'habek'' * ''Ihe a na-akpọ etlefui'' * ''Mouhel ana n'nssek'' * ''Win rayha'' * ''Ma n'zid n'khemem'' * ''Ouallah ma nke ritek'' * ''Mchiti ma chfti wrak'' * ''Ma Bqat roudjla'' * ''Ụmụ nwoke houb hadi laghzala'' * ''Ya lahbiba ma tabkich'' * ''Ya 3rouss -3zziz A3liya- Enta onye mbịarambịa'' * ''N'abalị Elyoum N'tfakrek'' * ''Rahou Mqaderli'' * ''Rouh'' na Baan (Samhini) * ''Mahla ellil'' * ''Khaliha ta3mel ma bghat'' * ''Na Ouadaâ'' * ''Nbghi gbara bọọlụ Mastoura'' * ''Ịnyịnya ígwè Nahlem'' == Ọnwụ == Ọ nwụrụ n'ihe mberede ụgbọala na Disemba 1998, mgbe ọ dị afọ 37.<ref name="Libe">{{Cite news|url=http://www.liberation.fr/culture/0101265249-alger-pleure-kamel-messaoudi-le-chanteur-de-neo-chaabi-est-mort-a-37-ans-dans-un-accident-de-voiture|title=Alger pleure Kamel Messaoudi, Le chanteur de néo-chaabi est mort à 37 ans dans un accident de voiture|author=Nidam|first=Abdi|date=1998-12-15|publisher=[[Libération]]|language=French|accessdate=10 February 2012}}</ref> == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} dmr583j5rynvgv0i8q86dvjc1x2liqu 0 15327 85942 79191 2022-07-31T03:59:41Z Lebron jay 12508 +image #WPWPIG wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Hsissen.png|thumb]]   [[Category:Articles with short description]] [[Category:Short description is different from Wikidata]] [[Category:Articles with hCards]] [[Category:Pages using Template:Infobox musical artist with unknown parameters|language]] '''Hsissen''' (December 8, 1929 September 29, 1958) bụ onye Algeria na-agụ egwu. == Akụkọ ndụ == A mụrụ Hsissen na 15 rue Monthabor na Casbah nke Algiers n'ezinụlọ dị ala, sitere na Maâtkas (Tizi Ouzou Province). Site na nwata, o nwere mmasị na ụdị chanson na ọrụ nke onye na-ede egwu El Hadj M'Hamed El Anka. Ọ na-akwanyekwara ọrụ Khelifa Belkacem ùgwù ma nwee mmasị na ya. Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri abụọ na atọ, o guzobere otu ndị egwú. Hsissen jikọtara ịhụnanya ya maka egwu na ime ihe ike na Movement for the Triumph of Democratic Liberties na National Liberation Front. Hsissen nwụrụ na Tunis na Septemba 29, 1958, mgbe ogologo oge nke ọrịa akpa ume gasịrị. E liri ozu ya n'ala nna ya na Septemba 29, 2012, na ncheta afọ irí ise na anọ nke ọnwụ ya. Nke a dakọtara na ncheta afọ iri ise nke nnwere onwe Algeria.<ref>[http://www.djazairess.com/fr/lexpression/163036 Novembre du retour à la mère patrie ]</ref> E liri ya na El Kettar Cemetery. == Akwụkwọ == * Les grandes figures de l'art musical Algérien, Tome 1, Edt : ENAG, Alger, 2008; nke Abdelkader Bendameche. == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Netleb Rebbi Yaafou Aaliyaon on YouTube * Ayoul Azagrane Lebhar on YouTube * Atir elqafs on YouTube * Nhar El Djemaa Rah Tiri on YouTube * Fassem qala on YouTube * Ayoul izagran levhar on YouTube * Staâfar exzzu ccittan on YouTube * Elbaz ouel ghorab on YouTube rjk19tbzmbh1c60dtb8undtxk4y9fxl 0 15334 85930 79198 2022-07-30T19:39:34Z Lebron jay 12508 +image #WPWPIG wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Anka.jpg|thumb]]   [[Category:Articles with short description]] [[Category:Short description is different from Wikidata]] [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''El Hadj''' M'Hamed El Anka (Arabic), (May 20, 1907 na Algiers - November 23, 1978 na Algièrs) nke a makwaara dị ka '''Hadj Muhammed Al Anka''', '''El-Hadj''' M' Hamed El Anka, a na-ewere ya dị ka nnukwu [[Algeria|onye]] isi nke egwu oge ochie Andalusian na egwu chaâbi Algeria. == Mmalite ndụ == A mụrụ ya na Mee 20, 1907, n'okpuru aha Ait Ouarab Mohamed Idir Halo, na 4 Rue Tombouctou na Casbah nke Algiers. Ezinụlọ ya, Ait Ouarab, sitere na Taguersift nke dị nso na Freha na Greater Kabylia; nna ya bụ Mohamed Ben Hadj Saîd, ebe nne ya bụ Fatma Bent Boudjemaâ.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6KYMAQAAMAAJ|title=The development of Kabyle song during the twentieth century|author=Kitchell|first=Liza Parker|publisher=University of Wisconsin--Madison|year=1998|pages=52|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xUfFAAAAIAAJ|title=El-Hadj M'hamed El-Anka: maître et renovateur de la musique "chaabi"|author=Saadallah|first=Rabah|publisher=La Maison des Livres|year=1981|pages=28|language=fr}}</ref> Nna ya dara n'ọrịa n'ụbọchị a mụrụ ya, nke mere ka ejiri nwanne nwoke nke nne ya dochie ya maka idebanye aha ọmụmụ ahụ, nke kpatara njehie na-idekọ aha ya. Nwanne nne ya gosipụtara onwe ya dị ka onye ọrụ ndebanye aha, site n'ikwu "Ana Khalou" ("Abụ m nwanne nna ya" na Arabic), onye ọrụ ahụ wee dee "Halo". Ya mere ọ ghọrọ Halo Mohamed Idir site n'oge ahụ gaa n'ihu. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ atọ site na 1912 ruo 1918: Koranic (1912), Brahim Fatah (na Casbah) site na 1914 ruo 1917, na nke ọzọ na Bouzaréah ruo 1918. Ọ hapụrụ ụlọ akwụkwọ iji gaa ọrụ tupu afọ iri na otu ya. == Ọrụ egwu == Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na atọ, onye ndú ndị egwú Sheik Mustapha Nador chọpụtara mmasị ya na mmetụta ebumpụta ụwa nke ụda na ememme ndị otu ya na-akpọ egwu na ya, wee were ya dị ka Tardji (onye na-akpọ ụbọ akwara) na ndị egwú ya. Sheik na ndị egwú kụziiri ya mandola, nke ghọrọ ngwá egwú kasị amasị El Anka. Mgbe Sheik Nador nwụsịrị na Mee 19, 1926, na Cherchell, El Anka weghaara nhazi nke ememme maka otu ahụ. Ndị egwú nke gụnyere Si Saîd Larbi (aha ezigbo ya bụ Birou), Omar Bébéo (Slimane Allane) na Mustapha Oulid El Meddah na ndị ọzọ. N'afọ 1927, ọ malitere isonye na nkuzi nke Sheik Sid AH Oulid Lakehal kụziiri, nke ọ gbasoro ruo n'afọ 1932. N'afọ 1928, e kpughere ya nye ọha na eze, site na idekọ diski irí abụọ na asaa (78 rpm) maka Columbia, onye mbụ na-ebipụta ya, ma sonye na mwepụta nke Radio PTT Algiers. N'August 5, 1931, Sheik Abderrahmane Saîdi nwụrụ, El Anka nyekwara aka mejupụta oghere ahụ. Ịwu ewụ ya, nke onye ọkpụkpọ ọhụrụ na redio kwadoro, toro; a kpọrọ ya otu oge ka ọ rụọ ọrụ maka Eze Morocco. Mgbe Columbia gasịrị, o mere diski iri (78 rpm) ọzọ na Algériaphone na 1932, na diski iri ọzọ 78 rpm na Polyphone. Mgbe o si Mecca lọta (nke o dere abụ "El Houdja") na 1937, ọ gbanwere ndị egwú ya, wee gaa [[Algeria]] na [[France]]. Otu akụkụ nke ụda ya nke gaara agbanwe na 1932 sitere na mgbanwe nke ngwá egwú. 1932 bụ afọ ya na onye luthier rụkọrọ ọrụ iji mepụta mandola buru ibu. Ọ chọpụtara na mandola nke ndị òtù egwú ji mee ihe dị oke elu ma ghara ịnwe oké olu.<ref name="bendameche">{{Cite web|url=http://abdelkaderbendameche.skyrock.com/3226437593-posted-on-2014-07-25.html|title=Mr Abdelkader Bendamèche répond à l'APS au sujet du mandole (Translation: Mr Abdelkader Bendamèche responds to the APS about the mandola)|author=Bendamèche|first=Abdelkader|date=25 July 2014|work=abdelkaderbendameche.skyrock.com|accessdate=25 July 2017|quote=ABDELKADER BENDAMECHE President of the National Council Arts and Letters, Algiers, 21 July 2014}}</ref> Ọ rịọrọ onye luthier ka o mee otu buru ibu, na mandole ahụ ga-aghọ ngwá ọrụ ya bụ isi.<ref name="bendameche" /> Mgbe Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ gasịrị, a kpọrọ El HadJ Muhammad El Anka ka ọ duzie egwu a ma ama na ENRS Algiers Radio nke nọchiri Radio PTT. Egwú a ma ama ọ kwalitere site na 1946 ghọrọ "chaâbi". N'afọ 1955, ọ malitere ịkụzi chaâbi dị ka prọfesọ na Academy nke Algiers. Ụmụ akwụkwọ mbụ ya niile ghọrọ ndị sheiks n'oge ha, nke gụnyere Amar Lâachab, Hassen Said, na Rachid Souki. N'ozuzu, El Hadj El Anka dere ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ egwu narị atọ na iri isii ( qaca' id ) ma mepụta ihe dịka ndekọ otu narị na iri atọ Ọrụ ndị a ma ama gụnyere "Lahmam lirabitou", "ltif Sebhan ellah ya" na "Win saâdi win". Ọ nwụrụ na Nọvemba 23, 1978, na Algiers, e wee lie ya na ili ozu El Kettar. == Abụ == * ''Lahmam lirabitou'' * ''Sebhan ellah ya ltif'' * ''Mmeri Saâdi'' * ''Achki fi khnata'' == Akwụkwọ ọgụgụ == {{Cite book|title=El-Hadj M'hamed El-Anka maître et renovateur de la musique " Chaâbi "|author=Saadallah|first=Rabah|year=1981|publisher=La Maison des Livres|location=Algiers|language=fr}} == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://goutdemiel.com/?p=2722 Bio nke El Anka na ọtụtụ foto.] * [http://azeffoun.over-blog.net/article-6814414.html Akụkọ ndụ dị mkpirikpi nke El Anka na ọtụtụ foto dị mma.] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20170730222906/http://meissonier-alger.skyrock.mobi/475858866-Le-chaabi-entre-histoire-et-theorie.html?return_page=26 Peeji nwere aha ụmụ akwụkwọ El Anka na Chaabi.] * (in French) [http://matoub.kabylie.free.fr/presse/el-anka.htm Hadj M'hamed El Anka : La légende du siècle] Article by Karim Aïnouche, on ''"La Kabylie de Matoub LOUNES"'' {{Authority control}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] gvcrcju517l4zpka3n154e59lj1jcxh 0 15337 85928 79202 2022-07-30T19:25:21Z Lebron jay 12508 +image #WPWPIG wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Ccixhasnaoui.jpg|thumb]] Cheikh El Hasnaoui (1910 - 2002) bụ onye na-agụ egwu Berber nke amụrụ n'otu obere obodo dị nso na Tizi Ouzou na [[Algeria]]. == Ọrụ == Ọ bụrụ abụ chaabi nke Algeria, ya na Slimane Azem, bụ ndị na-ahụ maka ịtọ ntọala nke egwu Kabyle a ma ama nke oge a n'afọ ndị 1950s na 1960s. == Ọnwụ == Ọ nwụrụ n'afọ 2002 na Saint Pierre de la Reunion, [[France]]. == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20110912071646/http://www.cheikh-el-hasnaoui.com/images_accueil/spacer.gif Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Cheik El Hasnaoui] q9a61eonlz2kb7bqnffojq4mfbedo16 0 15339 85946 79204 2022-07-31T04:06:23Z Lebron jay 12508 +image #WPWPIG wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Deriassa.jpg|thumb]]   [[Category:Articles with short description]] [[Category:Short description is different from Wikidata]] [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Rabah Driassa''' (19 Ọgọstụ 1934 Ọktoba 8, 2021) bụ onye Algeria na-ese ihe na onye na-agụ egwu na-akọwa egwu ọdịnala.<ref name="vitaminedz.com">{{Cite web|url=https://www.vitaminedz.com/biographie-de-rabah-driassa/Articles_19359_360113_9_1.html|title=Biographie de Rabah Driassa|accessdate=4 September 2018|archivedate=9 August 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180809183850/https://www.vitaminedz.com/biographie-de-rabah-driassa/Articles_19359_360113_9_1.html}}</ref> Ọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike n'etiti afọ 1950 ruo afọ 1980 ebe ọtụtụ egwu ya ("Hizia", "Nejma Qotbia", "El Goumri") ghọrọ egwu wuru ewụ na mba Algeria.<ref name="last.fm">{{Cite web|url=https://www.last.fm/music/Rabah+Driassa/+wiki|title=Rabah Driassa biography – Last.fm|work=Last.fm|accessdate=4 September 2018|archivedate=8 October 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211008142636/https://www.last.fm/music/Rabah+Driassa/+wiki}}</ref> == Akụkọ ndụ == A mụrụ Drissa na 1934 na Blida . Nne ya nwụrụ mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na abụọ, nna ya nwụkwara mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na ise.<ref name="vitaminedz.com">{{Cite web|url=https://www.vitaminedz.com/biographie-de-rabah-driassa/Articles_19359_360113_9_1.html|title=Biographie de Rabah Driassa|accessdate=4 September 2018|archivedate=9 August 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180809183850/https://www.vitaminedz.com/biographie-de-rabah-driassa/Articles_19359_360113_9_1.html}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.vitaminedz.com/biographie-de-rabah-driassa/Articles_19359_360113_9_1.html "Biographie de Rabah Driassa"]. </cite></ref> N'ịbụ nwa mgbei nwere ụmụnne ise ọ ga-enyere aka, ọ malitere ọrụ ya site n'ịkpụ ihe na iko ma na-arụ ọrụ na obere ihe. Mmalite ya n'ụwa egwu mere n'afọ 1953, mgbe mgbasa ozi redio na Khaldoun na Algiers gwara ya ka ọ bụọ abụ nke ya.<ref name="last.fm">{{Cite web|url=https://www.last.fm/music/Rabah+Driassa/+wiki|title=Rabah Driassa biography – Last.fm|work=Last.fm|accessdate=4 September 2018|archivedate=8 October 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211008142636/https://www.last.fm/music/Rabah+Driassa/+wiki}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.last.fm/music/Rabah+Driassa/+wiki "Rabah Driassa biography – Last.fm"]. </cite></ref> == Nkọwapụta == Rabah Driassa nwere ihe ndekọ dị mma nke a chịkọtara kemgbe ọtụtụ afọ site na ọrụ ya. N'etiti ihe ndị a ma ama ya: * "Ya Lhouta" * "Ya Tayr Lwarchane" * "Ya Tafaha" * "Al Momarida£" * "Ya Zayr Lemqam" * "Hizia" * "Nejma Qotbia" * "El Goumri" == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Rabah Driassa discography at Discogs 53gvd0qp28fopj7xw0aax4gfsp8wcxv 0 15348 85924 79213 2022-07-30T19:12:59Z Lebron jay 12508 +image #WPWPIG wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Cheb bilal.jpg|thumb|Cheb Bilal]]   [[Category:Articles with short description]] [[Category:Short description is different from Wikidata]] [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Cheb Bilal''' bụ onye Algeria na-agụ egwu raï, amụrụ na 23 Julaị 1966 na Cherchell, [[Algeria]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tv5monde.com/cms/chaine-francophone/Musique/p-14237-Cheb-Bilal.htm?artiste=1183|title=Cheb Bilal|language=fr|accessdate=18 October 2014}}</ref><ref name="jeux">[https://web.archive.org/web/20080530151353/http://www.jeux36.com/bilal/cheb-bilal-biographie.htm Biographie de Cheb Bilal] (in French). Archived 30 May 2008.</ref> Ọ na-emepụta egwu ọdịnala nke gụnyere ngwá egwu dịka congas na violins. == Ọrụ == Bilal nọrọ ọtụtụ oge ntorobịa ya na Oran, ebe ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na nchekwa nke egwu. Ọ bụ nne na nna nna ya zụlitere ya mgbe nne na nna ya gbara alụkwaghịm mgbe ọ dị obere.<ref name="L'Humanité 2002">{{Cite web|title=Cheb Bilal, la nouvelle étoile du raï|work=L'Humanité|date=7 Jun 2002|url=https://www.humanite.fr/node/266507|language=fr}}</ref> Na mbido, Cheb Bilal rụrụ ọrụ na agbamakwụkwọ na ememme ndị ọzọ na gburugburu Oran. N'afọ 1980, o guzobere otu El Ahouar . N'afọ 1989 ọ gara Marseille, [[France]], nke ọ kọwara dị ka oge mgbanwe n'ọrụ ya.<ref name="jeux">[https://web.archive.org/web/20080530151353/http://www.jeux36.com/bilal/cheb-bilal-biographie.htm Biographie de Cheb Bilal] (in French). Archived 30 May 2008.</ref> == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Cheb Bilal discography at Discogs [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 26uspaafcf95qbogs3dsltdb6z09m3j 0 15368 85944 79236 2022-07-31T04:03:41Z Lebron jay 12508 +image #WPWPIG wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Bashtarzi.jpg|thumb]]   [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Mahieddine Bachtarzi''' (15 Disemba 1897 6 Febụwarị 1986) bụ onye Algeria na-agụ egwu opera (tenor), onye na-eme ihe nkiri, onye edemede na onye nduzi nke TNA (Théâtre National Algérien). Ọ bụkwa onye dere ihe dị ka ọrụ egwu narị anọ, na ọrụ nke gafere ihe karịrị afọ iri asaa, na-enweta ọtụtụ nsọpụrụ n'oge ndụ ya niile. == Mmalite ndụ == A mụrụ Mahieddine Bachtarzi na 15 Disemba 1897 na Casbah nke Algiers, [[Algeria]] n'ime ezinụlọ bara ọgaranya nke sitere na Turkey. N'ịga ọmụmụ ihe Alakụba na Medersa Ben Osman Sheikh, mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na ise, e nyere ya ọrụ, n'ihi ogo olu ya pụrụ iche, dị ka onye na-agụ Koran na Great Mosque nke Algiers. Otú ọ dị, na-ahọrọ ihe ngosi karịa ịdị arọ nke ụlọ ekpere, ọ hapụrụ ụlọ alakụba ahụ ngwa ngwa iji lekwasị anya naanị n'ịbụ abụ.<ref name="Bencheneb 1971 loc=15" /> == Ọrụ == N'afọ 1925, ndị nta akụkọ France toro ya dị ka onye yiri Caruso na North Africa, na 1926 ọ meghere ụlọ alakụba Paris ọhụrụ na oku mbụ maka ekpere. Ka ọ na-erule mmalite afọ 1930, o guzobere otu egwu nke ya nke na-ahụ maka ịgwakọta egwu North Africa na ihe nkiri a ma ama. Na-agwakọta French na Arabic a na-asụ, abụ ya nwere nkọwa ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị doro anya nke mere ka a machibido otu nchịkọta iwu na 1937 maka mmetụta na-emegide French. Ruo ọtụtụ iri afọ, ọ nọ n'etiti ihe omume nka dị iche iche nke ọ sonyere n'ọhịa nke ịbụ abụ, egwu na ihe nkiri, ndị ntụgharị, ọnọdụ ihe onwunwe (ọnụ ụlọ, ịchọ mma na nhazi) na ịhazi njem mpaghara na mba ofesi. == Ọnwụ na ihe nketa == Bachtarzi nwụrụ na 6 Febụwarị 1986. A gbanwere aha ụlọ ihe nkiri Mahieddine Bachtazi, nke a maara dị ka Algiers Opera House, iji cheta ya. == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} == Akwụkwọ ==   0axgb56lk2gg0ltjrdge1op62nr2f1l 0 15369 85945 79237 2022-07-31T04:05:14Z Lebron jay 12508 +image #WPWPIG wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Othmane Bali-Algiers.jpg|thumb]]   [[Category:Articles with short description]] [[Category:Short description is different from Wikidata]] [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Othmane Bali''', ezigbo aha ya bụ Mbarek Athmany, (May 1953 na June 2005) bụ onye Algeria Tuareg na-agụ egwu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://algeriasong.over-blog.com/article-athmane-bali-l-ambassadeur-de-la-musique-touareg-55709246.html|title=Athmane Bali, l'ambassadeur de la musique touareg - Tadukli, le Kabyle Magazine|first=Timunent|author=Taqvaylit|publisher=}}</ref> == Mmalite ndụ == Bali wepụtara abọm mbụ ya n'afọ 1986, ma mesịa rụọ ọrụ n'ịkwalite egwu Tuareg n'asụsụ Tamahaq.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.huffpostmaghreb.com/2015/06/14/othmane-bali-disparition-_n_7579122.html|title=Il y a dix ans, Othmane Bali, le magicien de la musique targuie, disparaissait|work=Al Huffington Post|accessdate=2017-08-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627062308/https://www.huffpostmaghreb.com/2015/06/14/othmane-bali-disparition-_n_7579122.html|archivedate=2018-06-27}}</ref> Bali e sorola ndị na-agụ egwú a ma ama n'ụwa dịka Steve Shehan rụkọọ ọrụ. == Ọnwụ == Bali nwụrụ n'ihe mberede n'ụgbọala ya mgbe idei mmiri nke osimiri na mpaghara obodo ya nke Djanet.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://nkerxla.blogspot.se/2005/07/dcs-de-athman-bali.html|title=Décès de Athman Bali|work=nkerxla.blogspot.se}}</ref> Mgbe ọ nwụsịrị, nwa ya nwoke Nabil Bali gara n'ihu n'ihe nketa ya ma gaa n'otu ụzọ ahụ nke nna ya gara. == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} thvp9jcmbxpwx9zryyucumhaa7eb9ll 0 15385 85951 79254 2022-07-31T04:17:02Z Lebron jay 12508 +image #WPWPIG wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Portrait de Khelifi Ahmed.jpg|thumb]] '''Khelifi Ahmed''' (n'asụsụ Arabic خليفي أحمد) (Biskra, Algeria, 1921 na 18 Machị 2012) bụ onye Algeria na-agụ egwu na onye isi egwu Algeria a kpọrọ Bedouin.<ref name="expression">{{Cite web|url=http://www.lexpressiondz.com/actualite/150355-khelifi-ahmed-est-decede-hier.html|author=Idir Tazerout|title=LE MAÎTRE DE LA CHANSON BÉDOUINE N'EST PLUS Khelifi Ahmed est décédé hier|publisher=L'Expression|date=13 March 2012|accessdate=2 June 2014|language=French|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171107020111/http://www.lexpressiondz.com/actualite/150355-khelifi-ahmed-est-decede-hier.html|archivedate=7 November 2017}}</ref><ref name="patriot">{{Cite web|url=http://algeriepatriotique.com/article/la-chanson-bedouine-algerienne-perd-en-khelifi-ahmed-son-maitre-inconteste|title=La chanson bédouine algérienne perd en Khelifi Ahmed son maître incontesté|date=19 March 2012|accessdate=2 June 2014|language=French}}</ref> == Oge ọ malitere == A mụrụ ya dị ka '''Ahmed Al-Abbas Benaissa''' (na Arabic أحمد العباس بن) na Sidi Khaled, obere obodo dị nso na Biskra (Algeria) na nne na nna ya bụ ndị ọrụ ugbo. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ Koran ma bụọ abụ n'òtù ukwe okpukpe nke Rahmania. Nwanne nna ya El Hadj Benkhelifa gbara ya ume ka ọ bụọ abụ ọdịnala Sahara na uri ma were aha nna ya, nke sitere n'ebo Ouled Benkhelifa. O mechara gbanwee aha ya ka ọ bụrụ Khelifi ma nwee ndekọ mbụ ya dị ka onye nọ n'afọ iri na ụma. == Ọrụ == Ka ọ na-erule afọ 1950, ọ nwetara nnukwu aha na Algeria, ọ bụkwa onye a ma ama dị ka aha pan-Arab a makwara ya na mba ụwa, ọkachasị na France ma bụrụ onye mmeri nke ọtụtụ ihe nrite == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} mfyxz7nr72wncyjgy8mh0yufy7oz5mn 0 15390 85943 79260 2022-07-31T04:02:09Z Lebron jay 12508 +image #WPWPIG wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Jacobus Hendrik Pierneef00.jpg|thumb]] Jacobus Hendrik (Henk) Pierneef (nke a na-akpọkarị Pierneef) (ụbọchị irí àtó n'ọnwa Ọgọst n'afọ 1886 Pretoria rụọ úbọchị ànó n'ọnwa Ọctoba 1957 Pretoria), bụ ónyé na-ese ihe n'ala South Africa, nke a na-ewere dị ka otu n'ime ndị kacha mma n'ime nnà úkwú South Africa.<ref name="Nilant">{{Cite book|author=Nilant|first=F.E.G.|title=Die Hout- en Linosneë van J. H. Pierneef|year=1974|publisher=A A Balkema|location=Cape Town|isbn=0-86961-061-9|url=https://openlibrary.org/works/OL6866442W/Die_Hout-_en_linosnee%CC%88_van_J.H._Pierneef}}</ref> A maara ụdị ya pụrụ iche n'ọtụtụ ebe ma ọrụ ya nwèrè mmetụta dị ukwuu site na ala South Africa. Ọtụtụ n'ime ihe osise ya sitere na South African highveld, nké nyéré ya ihe na-akpali ya ruo ogologo ndụ. Ụdị Pierneef bụ iji belata ma mee ka ala dị mfe na geometric, na-eji mbara ala dị larịị, ahịrị na agba iji gosipụta nkwekọrịta na usoro na okike. Nke a mèrè ka e nwee ihe ngosi, nke a haziri ahazi na nke a na-ahụkarị na mpaghara South Africa, nke a na'ebighị na ya na ìhè na agba dị egwu. Enwere ike ịhụ ọrụ Pierneef n'ụwa niile n'ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ, ụlọ ọrụ nà nchịkọta ọha nà eze, gụnyere Africana Museum, Durban Art Gallery, Johannesburg Art Gallery, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Art Museum, Pierneef Museum na Pretoria Art Gallery. == Akụkọ ndụ == A mụrụ Pierneef na Pretoria, site na nné na nnà Dutch na Boer. Ọ malitere ọrụ ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ya na Staatsmodelschool (nke pụtara n'ụzọ nkịtị "''ụlọ akwụkwọ'' steeti nlereanya") n'ebe ahụ, ebe ọ gara klas nka mbụ ya, mànà Agha nke Abụọ nke Boer kwụsịrị ya. N'ihi agha ahụ, ezinụlọ Pierneef kpebiri ịlaghachi Netherlands na 1901. Mgbè ọ nọ ebe ahụ, ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Rotterdamse Kunstakademie . N'oge a, ọ bịakwara na ọrụ nke ndị nna ochie, nke hapụrụ mmetụta na-adịgide adịgide n'ahụ ya. Pierneef laghachiri Pretoria mgbè ọ dị afọ iri na asatọ, ebe ọ zutere ma gbaa ya ume site n'aka ndị na-ese ihe na South Africa dị ka ńnà nnà yá [[Anton van Wouw]], Hugo Naude na [[Frans Oerder]]. Ihe ngosi ihu ọha mbụ ya, ebe a nabatara ọrụ ya nke ọma, bụ ya na van Wouw na Naude na 1902. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na State Library n'abalị ruo ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ afọ iri ma na-ese ihe na ụlọ ọrụ ya n'ehihie. N'afọ 1910, Pierneef lụrụ Agatha Delen, nwanyị ji afọ iri na abụọ tọọ ya. Pierneef nabatara ọrụ na 1929 iji see ihe osise 32 màkà ime ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ okporo ígwè ọhụrụ nke Johannesburg, ọrụ ọ rụzuru na 1932. Kemgbe afọ 2002 usoro zuru ezu nke iri atọ na abụọ, iri abụọ na asatọ ala na anọ osisi, bụ ịgbazinye ego ogologo ógè site na Transnet Foundation na Rupert Art Foundation ma gosikwa ya na Jan Rupert Centre na Graaff-Reinet. A na-ewere akụkụ ndị ahụ dị ka ọtụtụ n'ime ọrụ ya kachasị mma. N'afọ 1933, e nyèrè ya ọrụ ímè mgbidi asaa màkà South Africa House, ụlọ nnọchi ányá South Africa na Trafalgar Square, London. Pierneef rụchara ọrụ a na 1934. == Ihe ngosi == <gallery class="center"> Pierneef.jpg|''Die Kamp van Van Wouw'' (1918) JH Pierneef - Die Groot Trek 1938.jpg|''Die Groot Trek'' (1938) Pierneef 1925 Willow Tree, Rooiplaat Farm, Northern Transvaal - Sunrise.jpg|''Rooiplaatplaas, Noord-Transvaal – Sonsopkoms'' (1925) Pierneef 1925-32 Mont-aux-Sorces.jpg|''Mont-aux-Sources'' (1925–1932) Pierneef_1926_Dar-es-Salaam.jpg|''Dar-es-Salaam'' (1926) Pierneef 1928 A Summer Afternoon, Bushveld.jpg|'''n Somersmiddag, Bosveld'' (1928) Pierneef 1934 Die Kremetartboom.gif|''Die [[Kremetart]]boom'' (1934) Pierneef 1944 Watermill near Stellenbosch.jpg|''Watermeule naby Stellenbosch'' (1944) Pierneef 1945 Hardkoolbome - Bosveld.jpg|''Hardekoolbome – Bosveld'' (1945) </gallery> == Onyinye == Pierneef nwetara ọtụtụ nsọpụrụ na onyinye n'oge ndụ ya, gụnyere: * 1935 Ihe nrite maka Visual Arts maka Johannesburg Station Panels nakwa maka panels ya na South Africa House na London. * 1951 Honorary Doctorate, Mahadum nke Natal. * 1957 Honorary Doctorate of Philosophy, Mahadum Pretoria. * 1957 Onye otu nsọpụrụ nke South African Academy for Science and Art. == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Jacob Hendrik Pierneef Art, absolutart.co.za * Jacob Hendrik Pierneef South African Artist, arcyart.com * J.H. Pierneef (1886X57), vgallery.co.za * [http://www.sahistory.org.za/people/jacob-hendrik-pierneef Jacob Hendrik Pierneef 1886] Ōn 1957, sahistory.org.za * Pierneef Works, images.google.com * [http://www.leerafrikaans123.co.za/file/e7030f31916d286584535166128ef0cf/Skilders%20van%20Suid%20Afrika.pdf Ebe a na-anọ eme ihe n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri] mmp9197q17fl81zf118trz06vpxr29v 0 15396 85923 79267 2022-07-30T19:11:01Z Lebron jay 12508 +image #WPWPIG wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Takfarinas performing live in Algiers.jpg|thumb]]   [[Category:Articles with short description]] [[Category:Short description is different from Wikidata]] [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Hacène Zermani''' (amụrụ n'afọ 1958 na Algiers, Algeria), nke a maara site na aha egwu ya '''Takfarinas''', bụ onye egwu Kabyle Yal nke [[Algeria]]. Takfarinas were aha nna ya site n'aka onye agha oge ochie nke North Africa Tacfarinas onye lụrụ ọgụ megide ọnụnọ nke ndị Rom na Algeria. Kemgbe afọ 1979, Takfarinas ebiela na France. Otú ọ dị, abụ ya na-akwalite ma na-eme emume omenala Kabyle nke a mụrụ ya. A maara Takfarinas nke ọma maka olu ya nke na-eru ebe dịgasị iche iche na 'takfa' nke dabeere na ụbọ akwara ọdịnala nke ọ gbanwere site na itinye olu nke abụọ. Olu ọ bụla na-enye ụda dị iche, otu olu bụ nke nwanyị na nke ọzọ bụ nke nwoke. N'oge ndị a, a na-eji ọkara drum eletrik dochie takfa. Dị ka takfa nke a nwere mkpịsị aka abụọ. Uru nke ngwá ọrụ ọhụrụ a bụ na ọ nwere ike ịmepụta nnukwu ụda egwu nke ọ chọrọ ugbu a. == Ọrụ egwu == Takfarinas ma ọ bụ Tak dị ka ndị na-akwado ya na-akpọkarị ya na-esite n'ọtụtụ usoro ndị na-agụ egwú ma gosipụta nkà ọhụrụ ya n'ọdịnihu na ngwá egwú mgbe ọ dị naanị afọ isii o mere ụbọ akwara site na iji cylinder mmanụ na eriri brek. Dị ka onye na-eto eto, Takfarinas nwere mmasị na egwu nke ndị na-ese ihe dịka Chaâbi, M'Hamed El Anka, Cheikh El Hasnaoui na [[Slimane Azem]]. N'afọ 1976, o dekọrọ egwu mbụ ya na cassettes na Algiers, mana ọnọdụ ya dị ka onye na-agụ egwu na onye na-eti egwu siri ike mgbe o dekọrọ abọm mbụ ya na France n'afọ 1979. N'afọ 1981, ya na Boujema Semaouni guzobere otu Agraw nke dịgidere ruo ọtụtụ afọ. O wepụtara ''Wa i telha'' na ''Arrach'' ma na 1986, nkr rere otu nde. N'afọ 1989, ọ wepụtara ''Irgazen'' na Mi d ih, CD abụọ, nke a mere ka ọ bụrụ onye a ma ama n'ụwa niile. N'afọ 1994, o wepụtara abọm ọzọ ''Yebbā rremman'' nke mere nke ọma na chaatị Europe. Mana ọ bụ na abọm ya ''Zaâma Zaâma'' na otu egwu sitere na abọm ahụ ka o nwetara nnukwu mmata ya. Ọ na-anọgide na-abụ egwu kachasị amasị ụwa na klọb na ebe ezumike ndị njem nleta ebe egwu egwu na-ewu ewu na-eso agba egwu. Takfarinas gbanwere ntụziaka egwu ya na abọm ya Paix et salut nke bụ iji kwanyere ndị Algeria na-agu egwu bụ ndị mmegide ahụ metụtara. Mgbe ahụ n'afọ 2004, o wepụtara abọm ọhụrụ ya bụ Honneur aux dames . == Egwu == === Abọm === * 1979: ''Yewwa rremman'' * 1980: ''Admenten'' * 1983: ''Serreh'' i weqcic * 1986: ''Ụzọ telha'' * 1986: ''Arrach'' * 1989: ''Irgazen'' / ''Ini-d ih'' (abọm abụọ) * 1993: ''Romane'' * 1996: ''Tebbeg Riri'' / ''Awi Nniya'' * 1999: ''Zaâma Zaâma'' * 2000: ''Mpaghara Tixeraïne'' * 2004: ''Udo na Nzọpụta'' * 2004: ''Nsọpụrụ nye ụmụ nwanyị'' * 2011: ''Lwaldine'' / ''Inchallah'' (abọm abụọ) * 2012: ''Chouya CHouya'' * 2021: ''Uliw Tsayri'' == Ihe nrite == N'afọ 1999, Takfarinas meriri KORA All African Music Award na ngalaba Best North African Artist. == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.takfarinas-yal.com/ Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Takfarinas] * [http://www.agraw.com/2010/11/takfarinas-yal-music/ Egwú Takfarinas] * [http://www.agraw.com/2007/09/takfarinas-country-earth/ Akụkọ ndụ Takfarinas] * (in French) [http://www.wikimusique.net/index.php/Takfarinas Takfarinas on Wiki Musique – Author Mario Scolas] * (in French) [http://www.wikimusique.net/index.php/Takfarinas Takfarinas on Wiki Musique – Author Mario Scolas] [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] eid7z8aq04ovf43164is3euhexriz7d 0 15415 85940 79286 2022-07-31T03:11:39Z Lebron jay 12508 +image #WPWPIG wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|URL=http://leonschuster.co.za/}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] [[Usòrò:Leon Schuster2.jpg|thumb]] Leon Ernest "Schuks" Schuster (a mụrụ na 21 Mee 1951) bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri na South Africa, onye na-atọ ọchị, onye na'eme ihe nkiri, onye na -egosi na onye na-agụ egwu.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Leon Schuster|url=http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0776856/|accessdate=2020-08-03|work=IMDb}}</ref> == Mmalite ndụ == Schuster dọtara mmasị n'ime ihe nkiri mgbe ọ dị obere. Dịka nwatakịrị, ya na nwanne ya nwoke ga-eme ihe ọchị na ezinụlọ ya ma mee ya ihe nkiri. Ọ kọwara, n'ajụjụ ọnụ afọ 2010 banyere ndụ ya n'oge ọ bụ nwata na Bloemfontein, m na-echeta ịgba ọsọ n'okporo ámá nke Ritz Theatre, na-egwuri egwu ndị cowboys & crooks, nke bụ iwe niile n'oge ahụ. Echetara m ịhụ Laurel na Hardy, Charlie Chaplin na Three Stooges n'anya. Ana m eme ihe mgbe niile, ma na-eme ihe ọchị. M na-eduhie nne m ochie ka m chee na m ji égbè m gbaa onwe m n'ụkwụ... tomato sauce n'ebe niile, m na-eti mkpu dị ka ezì ọhịa. Ịkụ egwu bụ naanị n'ụdị m, mana ọ dịghị mgbe ọ chere na ọ ga-abụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri... mba, ọ bụghị onye na-ese ihe nkiri, ọ bụ naanị onye na-achọ ime ka ndị mmadụ nwee obi ụtọ.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-03-16|title=A perfect prankster {{!}} Get It Online Bloemfontein|url=http://bloem.getitonline.co.za/2010/06/28/a-perfect-prankster/#.VujBm577TIU|accessdate=2020-08-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160316021358/http://bloem.getitonline.co.za/2010/06/28/a-perfect-prankster/#.VujBm577TIU|archivedate=16 March 2016}}</ref> Schuster gụrụ maka nzere BA na Mahadum nke Orange Free State, ebe ọ gbara rugby maka otu mbụ.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|author=Powers|first=Angus|title=Rugby in Our Blood|publisher=Tafelberg|year=2012|isbn=9780624048763|location=Cape Town|chapter=The End of my Rugby Career}}</ref> Ọ laghachiri Jim Fouché dịka onye nkuzi ruo afọ abụọ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=10 Things You Didn't Know About Leon Schuster|url=https://m-net.dstv.com/news/10-things-you-didn-t-know-about-leon-schuster_787|accessdate=2020-08-03|work=M-Net - 10 Things You Didn’t Know About Leon Schuster|language=en}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Schuster malitere ịrụ ọrụ maka [https://www.sabc.co.za/sabc/ ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi South African]. N'oge ọ nọ na SABC, o mepụtara usoro redio Afrikaans Vrypostige ''Mikrofoon''<ref>{{Cite web|title=Leon Schuster - Vrypostige Mikrofoon Vol.1 [CD]|url=https://echosrecordbar.co.za/product/55141-leon-schuster-vrypostige-mikrofoon-vol1-cd|accessdate=2020-07-28|work=echosrecordbar.co.za}}</ref> na Fanus Rautenbach ː nke gụnyere izochi olu ya na igwu egwu ekwentị na ndị na-amaghị.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Die Vrypostige Mikrofoon - Vol.1 — Leon Schuster|url=https://www.last.fm/music/Leon+Schuster/Die+Vrypostige+Mikrofoon+-+Vol.1|accessdate=2020-07-28|work=Last.fm|language=en}}</ref><ref>''Drum'', 2002, [https://books.google.com/books?ei=GfERVJy3Ocf8iwLnoYGoAw&id=ol8nAQAAIAAJ&dq=Leon+Schuster+Vrypostige+Mikrofoon&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=During+he+time+there%2C+he+created+the+hit+Afrikaans+radio+series+Vrypostige+Mikrofoon%2C+where+he%27d+disguise+his+voice+and+take p. 52].</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite book|author=Powers|first=Angus|title=Rugby in Our Blood|publisher=Tafelberg|year=2012|isbn=9780624048763|location=Cape Town|chapter=The End of my Rugby Career}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPowers2012">Powers, Angus (2012). "The End of my Rugby Career". ''Rugby in Our Blood''. Cape Town: Tafelberg. [[ISBN (onye njirimara)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/9780624048763|<bdi>9780624048763</bdi>]].</cite></ref> === Egwú === N'afọ 1982, Decibel Records bịakwutere Schuster iji chịkọta usoro egwu egwuregwu nke mere ka ndekọ mbụ ya akpọrọ, ''Leon Schuster'', ebe ọ rere 10,000. Abọm nke abụọ ya, ''Broekskeur'' ('trouser-tearing'), rere ihe karịrị 40,000. Nke a sochiri ''Briekdans na Leon Schuster'' São 20 Treffers, nke rere ihe karịrị 270,000. === Ihe nkiri === Ihe ngosi mbụ nke Schuster, You Must Be Joking!, nke ya na Johan Scholtz na Elmo de Witt jikọrọ aka mepụta, ghọrọ ihe a ma ama n'etiti ndị na-ege ntị South Africa ma mee ka ihe ọzọ You Must be Joking! ''Ọzọkwa''. Ihe nkiri ndị a bụ ihe osise igwefoto na Schuster mere ọtụtụ ihe nkiri ndị a yana ihe nkiri slap-stick, gụnyere ''Maazị'' Bones, ihe nkiri ya kachasị mma, nke nwetara ihe karịrị R33 nde na ụlọ ọrụ South Africa. Na 16 Septemba afọ 2011 a kọrọ na ihe nkiri ọzọ nke Schuster, Mad Buddies, ga-abụ nke ụlọ ọrụ Walt Disney, nke ga-ejikwa nkesa na ahịa nke ihe nkiri ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Watch: Leon Schuster's Mad Buddies trailer|url=https://www.news24.com/channel/first-look-leon-schusters-mad-buddies-trailer-20111202|accessdate=2020-08-03|work=Channel|language=en}}</ref> E wepụtara ihe nkiri ahụ n'afọ 2012 ma mee ka Schuster na onye na-eme ihe ọchị [[Kenneth Nkosi]]. Ọ nwetara nyocha dị njọ, ma nweta R4.5 nde na ngwụsị izu mbụ site na mmefu ego nke R20 nde.<ref name="imdb">[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt2334731/business ''IMDB: Mad Buddies'']</ref> == Ihe nkiri == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Afọ !Ihe nkiri !Ọrụ !Ihe na-adịghị mma |'''Egwú Soundtrack''' |- |1986 |''Ị Ga-abụrịrị Onye Na-achị Egwu''! |Ihe ndị a na-eme | |- |1987 |''Ị Ga-abụrịrị Onye Na-achị Egwu! Ọzọkwa'' |Ihe ndị a na-eme |R43 nde |- |1989 |''Oh Schucks...Ọ bụ Schuster!'' |Ihe ndị a na-eme | | |- |1990 |''Oh Shucks! UNTAG na-abịa ebe a'' ''AKA Kwagga Na-emeghachi''<ref>{{Cite web|title=Oh Schucks, Here Comes U.N.T.A.G. (1990)|url=https://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b7b7e9ca6|accessdate=2020-08-03|work=BFI|language=en}}</ref> |Kwagga Robertse | |- |1991 |''Sweet 'n Short''<ref>{{Cite news|title=SWEET 'N sHORT 1993|work=IMDB|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0293625/soundtrack?ref_=tt_trv_snd|accessdate=July 23, 2020}}</ref> |Coetzee na-atọ ụtọ | |Clarke/Bremer nke Adult Art rụrụ<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sweet 'n Short|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0293625/soundtrack?ref_=tt_trv_snd|accessdate=July 23, 2020|work=IMDB}}</ref> |- |1993 |''E nwere Zulu On My Stoep''<ref>{{Cite web|title=Yankee Zulu 1993|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0111787/|accessdate=July 22, 2020|work=IMDB}}</ref> AKA Yankee Zulu |Rhino Labuschagne | |- |1997 |''Ụjọ Mechanics'' |Ihe ndị a na-eme | |- |1999 |''Egwu Afọ Iri Afọ'' |Ihe ndị a na-eme |R40 nde |In Love With You bụ Dana Winner bụrụ |- |2001 |''Maazị Ọkpụkpụ'' |Ọkpụkpụ |R33 nde |- |2004 |''Oh Schuks... Abụ m Gatvol''<ref>{{Cite web|title=Oh Schuks, I'm Gatvol|url=https://www.news24.com/channel/movies/reviews/oh-schuks-im-gatvol-20081201|accessdate=2020-08-03|work=Channel|language=en}}</ref> |Ihe ndị a na-eme | |- |2005 |''Mama Jack'' |Jack TheronMama BoloDonald<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> |$4.4 nde | |- |2008 |Maazị Ọkpụkpụ 2: Nlaghachi site n'oge gara aga |Ọkpụkpụ |R35 nde |Egwú egwu isiokwu & nke Don Clarke rụrụ<ref>{{Cite web|title=Don Clarke|url=http://www.imdb.com/name/nm4012257/|accessdate=2020-08-03|work=IMDb}}</ref> |- |2010 |''Akwụkwọ nduzi ndụ nke Schuks Tshabalala na South Africa'' |Schuks Tshabalala | |Schuster/Clarke nke Crutchmullets mere<ref>{{Cite web|title=Leon Schusster|url=https://muhaz.org/leon-schusster.html|accessdate=2020-08-03|work=muhaz.org}}</ref> |- |2012 |''Ndị Enyi Obi Ọjọọ'' |Boetie | |- |2013 |''Ọchịchị! Mba Gị Chọrọ Gị Ị''<ref>{{Cite web|title=Schuks! Your Country Needs You|url=https://www.amazon.co.uk/Schuks-Your-Country-Needs-You/dp/B00NHQWB1U/ref=sr_1_3?dchild=1&qid=1595885536&refinements=p_34%3ALeon+Schuster&s=dvd&sr=1-3|accessdate=July 26, 2020|work=Amazon}}</ref> |Ihe ndị a na-eme | |Don Clarke |- |2015 |''Ọchịchị! Kụọ Ego'' |Ihe ndị a na-eme | |Don Clarke |- |2018 |''Frank na Fearless'' |Frank | |Nic Paton na Don Clarke |} == Ndekọ Egwu == === Abọm === * Wat Kan Lekkerder Wees - Vinyl album na Cora Marie<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cora Marie, Leon Schuster - Wat Kan Lekkerder Wees|url=https://www.discogs.com/Cora-Marie-Leon-Schuster-Wat-Kan-Lekkerder-Wees/release/12674069|accessdate=2020-08-03|work=Discogs|language=en}}</ref> * ''Leon Schuster'' (1982) E wepụtara ya na CD na 1993 * ''Broekskeur'' (1983)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Leon Schuster - Broekskeur - Vinyl LP Record - Opened - Very-Good- Quality (VG-)|url=https://www.cplanaudio.co.za/products/leon-schuster-broekskeur-vinyl-lp-record-opened-very-good-quality-vg|accessdate=2020-08-03|work=C-Plan Audio}}</ref> * ''Waar'' En Wolhaar (1983) E wepụtara ya ọzọ 2009 EMI Music South Africa (Pty) Ltd<ref>{{Cite web|title=Leon Schuster: Waar En Wolhaar - Music on Google Play|url=https://play.google.com/store/music/album/Waar_En_Wolhaar?id=Boumukm47szpqvjrebwed6darmq&hl=en_US|accessdate=2020-08-03|work=play.google.com|language=en}}</ref> * ''Briekdans'' (1984)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Leon Schuster - Briekdans (LP) Vinyl Records|url=https://www.bidorbuy.co.za/item/157586877/Leon_Schuster_Briekdans_LP_Vinyl_Records.html|accessdate=2020-08-03|work=bidorbuy.co.za|language=en}}</ref> * Rugby (1985) gụnyere ndị na-ede egwu C Pops (Daisyblom), L. Carstens (Doring Van Despatch-onye na-ede), B. Louw (Bokbusters-onye na na-ede akwụkwọ), Symile, Delancray (Ekke Boo onye na-ede ihe), H. Bierman (Lekker In Suid-Afrika onye na-edebanye), B.Louw (Rugbyklanke onye na-agụ akwụkwọ) * ''Ị Ga-abụrịrị Onye Na-achị Egwu''! (1986)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Leon Schuster - You Must Be Joking! (LP)|url=https://www.bidorbuy.co.za/item/418206807/Leon_Schuster_You_Must_Be_Joking_LP.html|accessdate=2020-08-03|work=bidorbuy.co.za|language=en}}</ref> * ''Dasiefoutie'' (1988)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Leon Schuster - Dasie Foutie - Vinyl LP Record - Opened - Very-Good Quality (VG)|url=https://www.cplanaudio.co.za/products/leon-schuster-dasie-foutie-vinyl-lp-record-opened-very-good-quality-vg|accessdate=2020-08-03|work=C-Plan Audio}}</ref> * "Shakin" Schuster Na Sy Opkikkers (1992) * ''Hie' Kommie Bokke'' (1995)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Hie' Kommie Bokke! by Leon Schuster on Amazon Music - Amazon.co.uk|url=https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/B016OA3F60/ref=dm_ws_sp_ps_dp|accessdate=2020-08-03|work=www.amazon.co.uk}}</ref> * ''Gautvol na Paradaịs'' (1997) * Die Vrypostige Mikrofoon, Mpịakọta 1 (1998)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Release "Die Vrypostige Mikrofoon - Vol.1" by Leon Schuster - MusicBrainz|url=https://musicbrainz.org/release/2c86812e-8527-41c4-a101-61a19abd4190|accessdate=2020-08-03|work=musicbrainz.org}}</ref> * Die Vrypostige Mikrofoon, Mpịakọta nke 2 (1998)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Release "Die vrypostige mikrofoon, vol. 2" by Leon Schuster - MusicBrainz|url=https://musicbrainz.org/release/a5398580-959a-4bbd-b8fd-ef047ac03157|accessdate=2020-08-03|work=musicbrainz.org}}</ref> * Baas Funny Plaas (1999)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Leon Schuster, Baas funny Plaas - 1h 14m 18s - Music CDs and CD Cover Arts @ Online Music CD Database|url=http://www.tagtuner.com/music/albums/Leon-Schuster/Baas-funny-Plaas/album-v2ca2d|accessdate=2020-08-03|work=www.tagtuner.com}}</ref> * Springbok Rugby Hits - Weeta ya n'Ụlọ (1999) * ''My Beste Jare'' (2001) Gụnyere egwu nke [[Steve Hofmeyr]], David Kramer, [[Patricia Lewis (singer)|Patricia Lewis]], The Bats, Zoon Stander na PJ Powers * ''Ndị''<ref>{{Cite web|title=My Mates Die Bokke (CD)|url=https://www.loot.co.za/product/various-artists-my-mates-die-bokke/khjz-567-g600|accessdate=August 2, 2020|work=Loot}}</ref> m na-alụ na Bokke bụ ndị nwụrụ anwụ (2001) * Groen, Goud En White (2002) Abọm nchịkọta ya na Steve Hofmeyr, Johnny Clegg, Claire Johnston, Jeff Maluleke, Zoon Stander, Pieter Smith, Patricia Lewis, Guillaume, Pieter Koen, Mandoza na Boet Pretorius<ref>{{Cite web|title=Groen, Goud En White (CD)|url=https://www.loot.co.za/product/various-artists-groen-goud-en-white/gffj-560-g200|accessdate=August 2, 2020|work=Loot}}</ref> * Catchup Song And Every Cricket Hit (2003) CD wepụtara 2005<ref>{{Cite web|title=Leon Schuster - Catchup Song & Every Cricket Hit (CD)|url=https://www.bidorbuy.co.za/item/44001667/Leon_Schuster_Catchup_Song_Every_Cricket_Hit_CD.html|accessdate=2020-08-03|work=bidorbuy.co.za|language=en}}</ref> * ''Oh Schuks... Abụ m Gatvol'' (2004) Feat Dig a Little Deeper (Don Clarke) wepụtara ọzọ na 2015 maka Musicians Against Xenophobia<ref>{{Cite web|title=Oh Schuks I'm Gatvol • Leon Schuster • cdtrrracks|url=http://cdtrrracks.com/Leon%20Schuster/Oh%20Schuks%20I@39m%20Gatvol/|accessdate=2020-08-03|work=cdtrrracks.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Soundtrack - Oh Schuks I'M Gatvol [CD]|url=https://echosrecordbar.co.za/product/32430|accessdate=2020-08-03|work=echosrecordbar.co.za}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-04-28|title=Durban musicians unite against Xenophobia - Dig a Little Deeper|url=https://icc.co.za/durban-musicians-unite-against-xenophobia-dig-a-little-deeper/|accessdate=2020-08-03|work=Durban ICC - Events and Entertainment Venue}}</ref> * ''Op Dun Eish'' (2006) Abụ ndị Don Clarke na Mike Valentine dere<ref>{{Cite web|title=Welcome to the Dodgy Mind of Don Clarke|url=http://www.donclarke.co.za/|accessdate=July 22, 2020|work=Don Clrke}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Album Op Dun Eish!|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/op-dun-eish!-mw0003251137|accessdate=July 22, 2020|work=AllMusic}}</ref> * ''Hie' Kommie Bokke 2''! (2007) * ''Dr Die Bok'' (2008)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dra Die Bok by Leon Schuster on Amazon Music - Amazon.co.uk|url=https://www.amazon.co.uk/Dra-Die-Bok-Leon-Schuster/dp/B001N9W6EU|accessdate=2020-08-03|work=www.amazon.co.uk}}</ref> == Ndị naanị ya tiri i == * Hou Jou Bek (Dolce/Schuster) / Ek Was Op Jou Troue (Robinson/Schuste/Rautenbach) (1981) * Ọ na-ere Sea Shells / Dis Lekker Innie Army (1982) 7" otu na vinyl * Hey, Bokke! (2019) Ya na Don Clarke, so Drakondale Girls' Choir na Michaelhouse Digital Choir rụọ ọrụ<ref>{{Cite web|title=Hey Bokke! – Leon Schuster's new song|url=https://rugbyrocks.com/hey-bokke-leon-schusters-new-song|accessdate=2020-07-27|work=RugbyRocks|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=PressReader.com - Your favorite newspapers and magazines.|url=https://www.pressreader.com/south-africa/the-witness/20190903/281500752928378|accessdate=2020-07-27|work=www.pressreader.com}}</ref> == Edemsibịa == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb name|0776856}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 5i7kdgjxvmhjgrgj9dh1d0ltps4uvbf 0 15454 85948 79326 2022-07-31T04:11:24Z Lebron jay 12508 +image #WPWPIG wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Harold Rubin.jpg|thumb]] '''Harold Rubin''' (ubochí irí àtó n'ọnwa Mee 1932 rụọ úbọchị mbú n'ọnwa Eprel 2020) bụ ónyé Israel na-ese ihe na onye na-egwu jazz n'efu. == Ndụ na ọrụ == A mụrụ Rubin na Johannesburg, South Africa n'ubochí irí àtó n'ọnwa Mee 1932. Ọ gara Jeppe High School for Boys ma nata ntụziaka onwé ónyé na nka mara mma.<ref name="Berman 1970">"Rubin, Harold" (1970). In Esmé Berman (Ed.), ''Art and Artists of South Africa: An Illustrated Biographical Dictionary and Historical Survey of Painters and Graphic Artists Since 1875'', Third Edition. Cape Town: A. A. Balkema. p. 115.</ref> A zụrụ ya na clarinet oge ochie mgbè ọ dị afọ iri na ụma, ọ zụlitere mmasị na jazz wee malite igwu egwu na Skyline Night Club mgbe ọ dị iri na asatọ. E debara aha ya dị ka nwa akwụkwọ na-amụ ihe owuwu na Mahadum nke Witwatersrand, ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ ọkachamara ya mgbè ọ gụsịrị agụmakwụkwọ na London. Mgbalị okike Rubin na obodo South Africa n'ime afọ 1950 na 1960 megidere apartheid-oge Afrikaner nguzobe site n'ịgbanarị ụkpụrụ mmekọrịta agbụrụ nke mba ahụ. Rubin haziri otu jazz nke ya na 1950s, banye n'ime obodo ojii, wee soro ndị egwu ojii na-egwu egwu. E gosipụtara ihe osise a na-ahụ anya nke Rubin na 1956. Otu n'ime ihe ndị Rubin nyere na nka nka South Africa n'ime mmụọ a bụ Sharpeville nke 1961, usoro eserese ewepụtara maka obi ọjọọ nke ndị ọchịchị oge Apartheid n'oge ọchịchị. Sharpeville massacre n'afọ 1960. Ọrụ Rubin kachasị arụmụka na ihe nkiri nka South Africa nke afọ 1960 bụ My Jesus, nsụgharị na-akpali akpali nke obe nke ''Jizọs'' Kraịst pụtara dị ka ónyé ojii gba ọtọ nwere isi anụ ọhịa.<ref name="The Age 9 Feb 1968, page 3">{{Cite news|author=Uys, Stanley|title=Student in Blasphemy Trial|work=[[The Age]]|date=9 February 1968|page=3|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1300&dat=19680209&id=LgYRAAAAIBAJ&pg=4727,1504467|accessdate=20 May 2010}}</ref> Ọrụ ahụ nwere ihe odide "M na-agbaghara gị O Onyenwe anyị, n'ihi na ị maghị ihe ị na-eme" a na-agbagha agbagha "Nna gbaghara ha, n'ezie ha amaghị ihe ha na-eme".<ref name="A Mainstream Embrace">(9 March 2008). [http://www.jpost.com/Home/Article.aspx?id=94458 "A Mainstream Embrace".] ''The Jerusalem Post''. Retrieved 21 May 2010.</ref> E gosipụtara onyinyo ahụ na-ese ókwú n'akụkụ ọrụ ndị ọzọ na-emegide nguzobe na gallery Johannesburg na 1962. Ihe ngosi ahụ kpatara iwe nke na gọọmentị zigara ndị uwe ojii ka ha mechie ihe ngosi ahụ ma zigara ihe osise ya màkà nyocha nke ụlọ ọrụ nyocha ya.<ref name="Albert 31 July 2007">{{Cite news|author=Albert, Don|title=Eclectic Jazz Mix That Ties All Bonds|work=Tonight|date=31 July 2007|url=http://www.tonight.co.za/index.php?fArticleId=3960795&fSectionId=385&fSetId=251|accessdate=21 May 2010}}</ref><ref name="AP 2 August 1962">[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=oqYnAAAAIBAJ&sjid=ZMoEAAAAIBAJ&pg=3984,203148&dq=harold+rubin+south+africa&hl=en "Paintings Moved"] (2 August 1962). Associated Press. ''Daytona Beach Morning Journal'' p. 5. Retrieved 21 May 2010.</ref> Rubin ghọrọ ónyé South Africa nke abụọ e boro ebubo nkwulu.<ref name="The Age 9 Feb 1968, page 3" /> Rubin bụ onye kwupụtara na ya ekweghị na Chineke.<ref name="Ben Shalev Ha'aretz">{{Cite news|author=Shalev, Ben|title=It's Important to be a Neanderthal|work=[[Haaretz]]|date=28 February 2008|url=http://www.haaretz.com/general/it-s-important-to-be-a-neanderthal-1.240349|accessdate=22 May 2010}}</ref> Ọ nwụrụ n'ụbọchị mbụ n'ọnwa Eprel afọ 2020, mgbè ọ gbara afọ 87.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.haaretz.co.il/gallery/music/.premium-1.8731941|title=מת הרולד רובין, מחלוצי הג'ז החופשי בישראל|work=www.haaretz.co.il|language=he|accessdate=1 April 2020}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20100807074613/http://www.haroldrubin.net/home.asp Harold Rubin Onye na-eti egwu] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110606120421/http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/rubin_h.htm Harold Rubin, 1932] * [http://www.jazzis.com/records/discography.asp Ndepụta nke Jazzis Records nke egwu Zaviot] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20101225043407/http://www.highlight.co.il/pages/A%20Magnificent%20Failure ''Ọdịda Dị Ukwuu''] ocvl8k188k4x4d5vp1qmmg1pu5113wn 0 18825 85915 85470 2022-07-30T14:45:07Z Onwuka Glory 13014 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1093318683|Dodo ikire]]" wikitext text/x-wiki  Dodo Ikire bụ nri omenala nke sitere na Osun siteti nke nigiriia<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dodo ikire Recipe by Da-Princess Kitchen Culinary Concept(Chef DPK)|url=https://cookpad.com/ng/recipes/15892328-dodo-ikire|accessdate=2022-06-01|work=Cookpad|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://osun.gov.ng/2016/03/10/dodo-ikire-economic-value/|title=Dodo Ikire And Its Economic Value|date=2016-03-10|work=The Official Website Of The State Of Osun|accessdate=2016-10-01}}</ref>Anemputa nria site abirika a jụrụ ajụ, mana taa ndị mmadụ n' ejizi abirika nke dị ọhụrụ emepụta ya. Ngwa ngwa nri ya gụnyere : abirika, ose, mmanụ, na nnu. Dodo Ikire na eji ọjị ma gba kwa okirikiri n' ile anya. .<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://osun.gov.ng/2016/03/10/dodo-ikire-economic-value/|title=Dodo Ikire And Its Economic Value|date=2016-03-10|work=The Official Website Of The State Of Osun|accessdate=2016-10-01}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Dodo ikire Recipe by Da-Princess Kitchen Culinary Concept(Chef DPK)|url=https://cookpad.com/ng/recipes/15892328-dodo-ikire|accessdate=2022-06-01|work=Cookpad|language=en}}</ref> A na-akpọ plantain ma ọ bụ unere na-esi nri, nke a na-ewepụ, bepụ ma sie ya nke ọma Dodo n'akụkụ ụfọdụ nke Naịjirịa. [[Usòrò:Picture_attachment_on_a_post_about_Dodo_Ikire_-_WA0011.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Picture_attachment_on_a_post_about_Dodo_Ikire_-_WA0011.jpg/220px-Picture_attachment_on_a_post_about_Dodo_Ikire_-_WA0011.jpg|thumb|Foto na post banyere Dodo Ikire]] [[Usòrò:Picture_of_a_Dodo_Ikire_served_by_a_Food_Blogger_-_WA0014.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Picture_of_a_Dodo_Ikire_served_by_a_Food_Blogger_-_WA0014.jpg/220px-Picture_of_a_Dodo_Ikire_served_by_a_Food_Blogger_-_WA0014.jpg|thumb|Foto nke Dodo Ikire nke Food Blogger nyere.]] Akụkọ ifo na-ekwu na Dodo Ikire bụ nke otu agadi nwanyị dara ogbenye si n'obodo a na-akpọ Ikire mepụtara dị ka nnwale. Ikire bụ obodo dị na mpaghara ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ nke Naịjirịa n'etiti obodo [[Ibadan]] na Ile-Ife, na Osun Steeti . Nwanyị agadi nwanyị a enweghị nri fọdụrụ ma e wezụga plantain ndị tozuru oke, nke ọ ga-atụba n'ime ite ahụ, mana o kpebiri iji nnu na ose gwakọta ya niile ma sie ya na mmanụ nkwụ. Ọ riri ya, nwee obi ụtọ na ya wee kpebie ime ihe ndị ọzọ ma soro ndị agbata obi ya kerịta ya.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-08-29|title=Dodo Ikire: A town’s plantain delicacy to motorists, travelers|url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/dodo-ikire-towns-plantain-delicacy-motorists-travelers/|accessdate=2022-06-01|work=Tribune Online|language=en-GB}}</ref> Nsonaazụ ya bụ ihe a maara ugbu a dị ka Dodo Ikire, nke aha ya sitere n'obodo o si. A na-ere ya karịsịa na mpaghara ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ nke Naịjirịa. == Ihe odide == <references group="" responsive="1"></references> == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.food.com/recipe/dodo-ikire-nigeria-455552 Dodo Ikire na food.com] * [http://kscuisine.com/2014/06/dodo-ikire/ Dodo Ikire na Cusine nke K] dq2sh98x8fv0j2z4z6d703gmjagk1t5 0 18972 85898 2022-07-30T12:21:04Z Onyeike Izuchi 13459 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1099366727|Rusk]]" wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Rusk''' bụ biskit siri ike, kpọrọ nkụ ma ọ bụ achịcha e siri esi ugboro abụọ.<ref>{{Cite web|author=GAIFYLLIA|first=NANCY|title=How To Make Your Own Rusks|url=https://www.thespruceeats.com/how-to-make-your-own-rusks-1705688|work=The Spruce Eats|accessdate=28 October 2018}}</ref> A na-eji ya eme ihe mgbe ụfọdụ dị ka ihe na-eme ka ụmụ ọhụrụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=10 FOODS FOR YOUR 1 YEAR OLD CHILD|url=https://www.superbabyonline.com/10-foods-for-your-1-year-old-child/|work=Super Baby|publisher=Bellamy's Organic|accessdate=28 October 2018}}</ref> Na ụfọdụ, a na-eji achicha eme rusk, kama achịcha: a na-akpọ nke a mgbe ụfọdụ dị ka achicha rusk. Na UK, aha ahụ na-ezo aka na ihe mgbakwunye nri sitere na ọka wit. == Mgbanwe mba ụwa == [[Usòrò:Rusk from India.jpg|thumb|Rusk]] === Azerbaijan === A na-akpọ Rusk sukhary (Azerbaijani: - okwu mgbazinye site na Russian site na Persian) na Azerbaijani. A na-ejikarị achịcha na achịcha eme ya (ma ọ bụghị mgbe niile). Na Baku, ụfọdụ ebe a na-eme achịcha na-eji achịcha na achịcha ha eme rusks. Ọnụahịa rusk na ụlọ achịcha ndị ahụ na-adịkarị ala, ebe ụlọ achịcha na-eme nke a iji zere ịla achịcha na achịcha fọdụrụ. === Cuba === ''Sponge rusk'' yiri biscotti mana a na-eme ya site na achịcha na-acha odo odo a na-akpọ ugboro abụọ. A na-eme achịcha na-acha odo odo n'ime achịcha dị larịị, nke nwere akụkụ anọ. Mgbe emechara ya ma mee ka ọ jụọ oyi, a na-etinye ya n'ime eriri ma sie ya ọzọ ma ọ bụ sie ya ka ọ bụrụ achịcha. A na-eri karị ya na kọfị na mba Cuban (Cuban espresso) ma ọ bụ dị ka ihe na-eso ice cream, custard, ma ọ bụ nri ndị ọzọ. === Denmark === Tvebak sitere na Dutch ''tweebak'' (nke pụtara n'ụzọ nkịtị "ọkụ abụọ"), otu okwu ochie nke enwere ike okpo ''beschuit''. === France === B''iscotte'' bụ ụdị rusk na asụsụ French. A na-ere ha n'ime nnukwu ụlọ ahịa. === Finland === [[Usòrò:Kanelisokerikorppu.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Kanelisokerikorppu.jpg/220px-Kanelisokerikorppu.jpg|thumb|Ịtinye sinamọn na ''korppu'' shuga na kọfị]] A na-akpọ ụdị rusk nke Finnish ''korppu'', ọ na-abụkarị achịcha a mịrị amị, nke e ji sinamọn na [[Ńnú odẹne|shuga]] mee ka ọ dị ụtọ. ''Korppu'' bụ achịcha kọfị a na-ahụkarị, nke a na-eri mgbe etinye ya na kọfị. Ụdị ilu, nke a na-akpọ ''hapankorppu'', bụ ihe dị larịị nke e ji ntụ ọka rye na nnu mee, e nwèrè ike iri ya dị ka achịcha siri ike. === Germany === ''Zwieback'' (nke pụtara "e mere ugboro abụọ") bụ ụdị rusk na Germany. Dị ka okwu Danish na French, aha ahụ na-ezo aka n'ịkpọ ma ọ bụ sie ya ugboro abụọ. === Gris === Okwu ''paximadi'' (Grik: παξιμάδι) na-ekpuchi ụdị dị iche iche nke rusk Grik, nke a na-ejikarị ọka bali ma ọ bụ ntụ ọka chickpea eme, ma jiri mmanya, mmiri, ma mmanụ mee ka ọ dị nro tupu iri nri. ''Paximadi'' bụ ntọala nke Cretan snack ''dakos'' (Grik: ). === India === [[Usòrò:Rusk_from_India.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Rusk_from_India.jpg/220px-Rusk_from_India.jpg|thumb|Rusks si India.]] Na [[Ndia|India]] rusk (ma ọ bụ biskit a na-akpọ toast) bụ achịcha ma ọ bụ achịcha a mịrị amị. A makwara ya dị ka papay, rattan, ''khasta'' (Hindi), russ ma ọ bụ "cake rusk" na Hindi, Punjabi ma ọ bụ 'porai' n'asụsụ Tamil na Urdu ma ọ bụ ''kathi biskut'' na Bengali. A na-erikarị ya n'oge tii na tii mmiri ara ehi nke na-eme ka rusk dị nro. A na-eji achịcha na-atọ ụtọ "cake rusk" eme ihe nke ihe ndị mejupụtara ya gụnyere ntụ ọka ọka wit, ihe uto, abụba, ihe na-eko achịcha, na, nhọrọ, àkwá.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Freda|first=Dias|title=Indian Cake Rusk (Eggless)|url=https://aromaticessence.co/2018/06/25/cake-rusk-indian-cake-rusk-eggless/|work=Aromatic Essence|accessdate=18 May 2019|date=25 June 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Sharma|first=Chirali|title=The History Of The Humble Indian Rusk: The Perfect Chai Snack|url=https://edtimes.in/the-history-of-the-humble-indian-rusk-the-perfect-chai-snack/|work=ED Times|accessdate=18 May 2019|date=15 May 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Cake Rusk|url=https://ikneadtoeat.com/cake-rusk/|work=I Knead to Eat|accessdate=18 May 2019|date=22 November 2018}}</ref> === Indonesia === A na-akpọ achịcha a na-eme achịcha ugboro abụọ na Indonesia "bagelen", nke a kwenyere na ọ sitere na Bagelen, obodo dị na Central Java. Tupu achịcha nke abụọ, a na-etinye shuga na buttercream na achịcha ahụ. A na-erikarị ya dị ka nri na-atọ ụtọ. === Iran === Na Iran, a na-akpọ rusk ''nān-e sokhāri'' (Persian: نان سوخاری). A na-eme ya site na ntụ ọka ọka wit, ihe ụtọ, ntụ mmiri ara ehi, mmanụ akwụkwọ nri, gluten, ihe na-ewepụta malt, ntụ ọka soy, nnu, yist, na mmiri. A na-eri ya dị ka biskit na-agba mmiri, ọkachasị na chai (tea) nke ndị Peshia. Ụdị ''naan sukhaari'' a na-ahụkarị bụ Vitana. === Ịtali === Na Ịtali, a na-akpọ ụdị a fette biscottate. E kwesịghị ịgbagwoju ya anya na ''biscotti'' (mkịkọ ma ọ bụ biskit a na-eme ugboro abụọ). Ndị Ịtali nwere cantucci, biskit dị ka biskit almọnd a na-eme ugboro abụọ. Ihe ọzọ, ọ bụ ezie na cantucci siri ike ma sie ike dị ka nsụgharị South Africa, ndị Ịtali na-ekwusi ike na a na-etinye ha n'ime mmiri ma ghara itinye ha n'ụba dị ka rusks. Ha na-eme ka ọ dị mma na cappuccino, mmanya na-atọ ụtọ ma ọ bụ grappa. === Japan === [[Usòrò:クロワッサンラスク.JPG|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AD%E3%83%AF%E3%83%83%E3%82%B5%E3%83%B3%E3%83%A9%E3%82%B9%E3%82%AF.JPG/220px-%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AD%E3%83%AF%E3%83%83%E3%82%B5%E3%83%B3%E3%83%A9%E3%82%B9%E3%82%AF.JPG|thumb|Croissant rusk e ji chocolate na mkpụrụ osisi kpuchie, Japan]] Na Japan, rusk na-abụkarị nri dị ụtọ nke e ji baguette, achicha ma ọ bụ croissant mee. Ọ na-atọkarị ụtọ.<ref>{{Cite web|first=Yuri|author=Yuri|title=Introduction of Japanese cooking, culture, and recipes|url=http://www.japanesecookinglovers.com/2606/rusk/|work=JAPANESE COOKING LOVERS|accessdate=28 October 2018}}</ref> === Ebe Levant === Na Levant a na-akpọ ụdị a ''boksum'' (Arabic: بقصم) na Iraq na Siria ma ọ bụ ''qurshalla'' (Arabic) na Jọdan na mpaghara Palestine. A na-eme ya site na ntụ ọka, àkwá, mmanụ ma ọ bụ bọta, shuga, yist ma ọ bụ ntụ ntụ, na mgbe ụfọdụ obere cardamon. A na-etinye mkpụrụ sesame e siri esi, mkpụrụ caraway ojii, ma ọ bụ anise n'elu ya, ma rie ya dị ka biskit, ọkachasị na tii ahịhịa.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Tirmizi|first=Bisma|title=Food Stories: Cake rusk|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1184342|work=DAWN|accessdate=28 October 2018}}</ref> === Netherlands na Belgium (Flanders) === [[Usòrò:Beschuitje.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Beschuitje.jpg/220px-Beschuitje.jpg|thumb|Ụdị ejiji Dutch ''beschuit'']] A na-eme ''Beschuiten'' site na ibu ụzọ sie achịcha dị larịị (''beschuitbol''), belata ya n'etiti, wee sie ọkara ọ bụla ọzọ, na-emekarị na okpomọkụ dị ala. Ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ mgbe niile ka a na-ere ya na mpịakọta; mpịakọ nwere 13 rusks (otu onye na-eme achịcha iri na abụọ). Site na etymologically, ''biscotto'' (narị afọ nke iri na isii nke Italian), biscuit (narị narị afọ nke iri n'afọ nke iri na itoolu, site na narị afọ nke isii nke ''bisket'') na ''beschuit'' sitere na okwu Latin (''panis'') ''bis-coctus'', (achịcha, esi ugboro abụọ). === Norway === Na Norway, a na-akpọ rusk ''kavring'', ọ dịkwa ka ''skorpor'' nke Sweden. A na-eji kavring a kụrisịrị akụrisị, nke a na-akpọ ''strøkavring'', n'etiti ihe ndị ọzọ, eme ihe maka ime kjøttkaker na n'ihe oriri oriri ọdịnala tilsl adịghị anogide bondepiker. A na-agbukwa Kavring ma nwee ike iji mmiri ara ehi, nke na-esi ísì ụtọ ma ọ bụ nke a kụrụ akụ na ụba. === Pakistan === Na Pakistan, a na-akpọ Rusk Russ (Urdu: رس). Ọ dị ma ọ bụ dị ka ọdịdị okirikiri nke yiri achịcha ma ọ bụ dịka akụkụ rectangular dị iche iche. Ọ bụ nri ụtụtụ a ma ama ma na-erikarị ya na tii mmiri ara ehi. A na-akpọ ya papay (Shahmukhi) na Punjabi. === Philippines === A na-akpọ nsụgharị Philippine nke rusk biscocho. ''A na-akpọ achịcha'' achịcha mamon tostado. === Portugal === A na-akpọ nsụgharị Portuguese nke rusk ''tosta''. "Tosta" bụ achịcha siri ike - ọ nwere ike ịdị ụtọ, mana ọ na-adịkarị ụtọ - ọ nwekwara ike ịnwe ọdịdị na ọkpụrụkpụ dị iche iche. A na-ejikarị ya eme ihe ma jiri ya mee ihe dị ka iberibe achịcha. === Rọshịa === A na-akpọ nsụgharị Russian ''sukhar''' (Cyrillic: сухарь) site na "dry" - "dry". A na-eme ha nke ugboro abụọ site na achịcha dị ụtọ dị ka challah, nke a na-ebipụ n'ụdị biscotti ma ọ bụ jiri achịcha ochie fọdụrụ mee ya, bepụ ya n'ime obere cubes ma kpọọ ya ma ọ bụ sie ya na okpomọkụ dị ala. Nke mbụ dị ka kuki, nke enwere ike iji mmiri ara ehi, kefir, tii, kọfị ma ọ bụ koko. A na-agbakwunye nke abụọ na ofe, ma ọ bụ n'ụzọ ọzọ, na-eme ka ọ dị nro site na mmiri na-amị ma soro ya kama achịcha. Ọ ghọrọ omenala izere ịla achịcha fọdụrụnụ n'iyi nke bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị na nri ndị Russia. E nwere ọtụtụ akụkọ ọdịnala banyere achịcha n'asụsụ Russian, na-akwanyere nri ọka a ùgwù nke bụ otu n'ime isi nkuku nke ndụ na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke mba Slavic. Rye bread rusks bụ isi ihe na-eme Russian Kvass, ihe ọṅụṅụ ọdịnala a na-agbanye agbanye. === Saụt Afrịka === ==== Nkọwa ==== [[Usòrò:Beskuit.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Beskuit.jpg/220px-Beskuit.jpg|thumb|''Beskuit'' nke South Africa]] Rusks bụ okwu anglicized maka ''beskuit'' ma bụrụ nri ụtụtụ omenala Afrikaner ma ọ bụ snack. A mịrị ha na South Africa kemgbe ngwụcha afọ 1690 dị ka ụzọ isi chekwaa achịcha, ọkachasị mgbe ị na-aga ogologo oge na-enweghị friji. Ojiji ha gara n'ihu site na Great Trek na Boer Wars ruo n'oge a.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.gutenberg.org/files/16131/16131-h/16131-h.htm|title=Campaign Pictures of the War in South Africa (1899–1900)|author=Hales|first=A. G.|publisher=Project Gutenberg|accessdate=2008-11-09}}</ref> A na-etinye rusks na kọfị ma ọ bụ tii tupu a rie ya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.rainbowcooking.co.nz/rusks/what-is-beskuit|title=What is Beskuit (Rusks)?|publisher=Rainbow Cooking|accessdate=2008-11-09}}</ref> ==== Nchịkọta nri ==== Rusks bụ ọka achịcha a na-eme achịcha ugboro abụọ. A na-etinye ntụ ọka gburugburu n'ime pans ma sie ya dị ka achịcha, mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, a na-ebibi ma ọ bụ kụwaa ogologo ma jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ sie ya ka ọ bụrụ ihe kpọrọ nkụ. Ọtụtụ nsụgharị nke oge a, nke a na-emepụta n'ìgwè dị, akara a ma ama bụ ''[[Ouma Rusks]]''. Ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ na-eme achịcha, delis, na ụlọ ọrụ na'ụlọ na-ere rusks azụmahịa, mgbe ụfọdụ a na-eme ya site na ihe ndị na-abụghị omenala, dị ka ntụ ntụ kama ịbụ sourdough. Na mgbakwunye na ụtọ mmiri ara ehi dị mfe na buttermilk, aniseed, wholewheat, mmiri ara ehi, muesli, na ụdị mkpụrụ osisi lemon poppy dịkwa. ==== Omenala Obodo ==== N'ụlọ ndị ọzọ dị na [[South Africa]], a na-enye ọbụna rusks dị ka nri ndị ọbịa. Mgbe ndị ọbịa gachara, a na-enye ha efere Rusks, ọ bụ ezie na n'ụlọ ụfọdụ karịsịa Ndebele, ha ekwenyeghị n'inye ndị ọbịa ha nri, ha na-enye naanị efere, ma ọ bụrụ na enweghị scones gburugburu. Nke a bụ omenala n'ọtụtụ ụlọ. A na-ejikarị iko tii ma ọ bụ kọfị na-ejikọta rusks. Ndị Afrikaners na-enwekwa nri ụtụtụ, ọtụtụ ndị South Africa na-enwe ha n'ihe dịka oge ọ bụla n'ụbọchị dị ka nri. A na-enwekwa obi ụtọ na Rusks n'ụzọ dị iche iche. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, n'ihi na ha bụ biskit siri ike, omenala bụ ịtinye rusks na tii / kọfị ha tupu ịta ha, ọ bụ ezie na nke ahụ nwere nsonaazụ ụfọdụ, dị ka iberibe na ala iko ahụ. Rusks bụ omenala dị n'anya nye ọtụtụ ndị South Africa. === Sweden === [[Usòrò:Krisprolls_2.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Krisprolls_2.jpg/220px-Krisprolls_2.jpg|thumb|''Skorpa'', onye Swedish rusk.]] A mara Rusks na Sweden ọ dịkarịa ala kemgbe narị afọ nke iri na isii. Rusks bụ ihe oriri na ndị agha na ụgbọ mmiri. N'oge ahụ, a pụrụ iji hama kụrisịa ha ma tinye ihe ndị ahụ na svagdricka, biya na ofe.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Från skeppsskorpa till biscotti – en torr historia|url=https://hembakningsradet.com/fran-skeppsskorpa-till-biscotti-en-torr-historia/|work=hembakningsradet.com|language=Swedish|accessdate=2021-10-21}}</ref> === Turkey === N'asụsụ Turkish, a na-akpọ rusk ''peksimet''. "Pek" na-anọchite anya ihe siri ike, siri ike, ma ọ bụ na-adịgide adịgide na Turkish na "simet/simit" bụ okwu Arabic [سميد] nke pụtara achịcha, ma ọ dị ka ntụ ọka. Aha ọzọ bụ ''galeta'', okwu mgbazinye sitere na Catalan.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bodrum Double Baked Bread|url=https://www.fondazioneslowfood.com/en/ark-of-taste-slow-food/peksimet/|work=Slow Food|publisher=Slow Food Foundation for Biodiversity|accessdate=28 October 2018}}</ref> === United Kingdom === Nye ndị Britain, butcher rusk bụ biskit kpọrọ nkụ nke e kewara n'ime ụmụ irighiri ihe, nke a na-ahazi site na nha ụmụ irighari ma ree ndị butchers na ndị ọzọ maka iji ya mee ihe dị ka ihe mgbakwunye nri na mmepụta sausage.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/2284846.stm|title=What's in the great British banger?|publisher=BBC News|date=27 September 2002|accessdate=2008-02-23}}</ref><ref name="FSA">{{Cite web|url=http://www.food.gov.uk/multimedia/pdfs/meatproductguidancescot.pdf|title=Labelling and Composition of Meat Products|publisher=[[Food Standards Agency]]|date=22 April 2004|accessdate=2008-02-23}}</ref> Ọ bụ ezie na e ji achịcha ochie mee ya, nke a na-akpọ ugbu a "bread-rusk", a na-ejikarị ụdị ihe iko achịcha na-enweghị ihe iko achịchụ a na-eme ya ugbu a. A na-eji ụdị dị iche iche eme ihe na ụlọ ọrụ nri, ebe ojiji gụnyere:<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.rsf.co.uk/p_rusk.html|publisher=Ripon Select Foods Limited|accessdate=2009-05-23|title=Rusk}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.lucas-ingredients.co.uk/cereals.htm|title=Cereal Binders and Stuffings|accessdate=2008-02-24|publisher=Lucas Products|date=4 February 2005}}</ref> * Onye na-ebu ihe na-atọ ụtọ, ụcha na ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ * Ihe na-ejikọta na hamburger, sausages, stuffings, pies, na ngwaahịa anụ ndị ọzọ * Dị ka ihe eji eme ihe maka ngwakọta a mịrị amị ==== Rusks Farley ==== Na mba UK, Farley's Rusks bụ biskit kpọrọ nkụ nke malitere na afọ 1880 ha, mana Heinz mepụtara ya kemgbe afọ 1994. A na-enyekarị ụmụ ọhụrụ ha, ma ọ bụ tinye ha na mmiri ara ehi ma sie ha ma ọ bụ n'ụdị siri ike mbụ ha dị ka ihe enyemaka ezé. N'afọ 2006, a tụrụ egwu nke na-adịte aka mgbe a chọpụtara na ụfọdụ Farley's Rusks nwere akara nke weedkiller chlorpropham. A chetara ngwaahịa ndị ahụ metụtara ma chọta mmetọ ahụ na ụyọkọ ntụ ọka eji eme ihe n'oge usoro nrụpụta. Ọnọdụ mmetu ahụ erughị oke iji were ya dịka ihe ize ndụ ahụike.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.food.gov.uk/news/newsarchive/2006/feb/farley|title=Farley's rusks withdrawn|date=2 February 2006|publisher=Food Standards Agency|accessdate=2008-11-09}}</ref> === United States === Na US, ụdị rusk a na-ahụkarị na-agụnye melba toast na croutons, nke a na-ere n'ụlọ ahịa nri, na biscotti, nke a hụrụ na ụlọ ahịa nri na ụlọ ahịa kọfị. == Hụkwa ==   * Mmiri ara ehi, ụfọdụ ụdị ndị a zụrụ n'ụlọ ahịa nke oge a nke yiri nke ọma rusks nwere obere ihe na-atọ ụtọ na ihe na-eme ka ọ dị ụtọ. * Ndepụta efere achịcha == Ihe odide == <references group="" responsive="0"></references> {{South African cuisine}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] spyk38ywqw20ls32zr4pahsldj09mgh 0 18973 85899 2022-07-30T12:23:17Z Onyeike Izuchi 13459 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1061250030|Chibuku Shake Shake]]" wikitext text/x-wiki   [[Category:Articles with hRecipes]] [[Category:Articles with hProducts]] '''Chibuku''' bụ biya sorghum azụmahịa nke dabere n'ụlọ ọdịnala Umqombothi nke e mere biya Africa, ọka ndị a na-eji eme ihe bụ sorghum na ọka ma ọ nwekwara ike ịnwe millet.<ref name="The Economist">{{Cite web|url=https://www.economist.com/news/business/21602999-long-established-african-firm-went-global-only-find-fastest-growing-market-was-its|title=The Beer Fontier|accessdate=20 June 2014}}</ref> == Aha akara ahụ == Aha Chibuku sitere n'omume Max Heinrich nke idekọ ihe ndị ahịa niile kwuru na mgbanwe usoro n'akwụkwọ, Chibuku bụkwa mgbanwe nke okwu obodo maka "akwụkwọ" - "Chi" bụ prefix nke pụtara "nnukwu", "buk" = "akwụkwọ", na njedebe "u" bụ n'ihi na ọtụtụ aha ndị Afrịka na-ejikarị ụdaume euphonic mechie.<ref name="Travel Malawi">{{Cite web|url=http://www.travelmalawiguide.com/chibuku.html|title=Chibuku|accessdate=20 June 2014}}</ref> Akpịrị na-abịa site na emume nke mbụ ịkwagharị biya tupu ịṅụ mmanya mbụ. Beer ahụ nwere starch, germ na yeast (ihe niile a na-ewepụkarị na lagers na ales) ma ebe ọ bụ na ihe siri ike na-adaba na ala nke katọn ahụ, ọ dị mkpa ka a na-ama ya tupu a ṅụọ ya. == Mmanya na-aba n'anya == Ihe ọṅụṅụ na-aba n'anya dị na Chibuku ọhụrụ dị ala ma malite na ihe dị ka 0.5% ABV n'ụbọchị mbụ, mana ka fermentation na-aga n'ihu na katọn, ka a na-edebe ya ogologo oge tupu a ṅụọ ya, otú ahụ ka ọ na-esiwanye ike. Ọ nwere ike iru 4% ABV tupu ndụ nchekwa ahụ agwụ mgbe ụbọchị 4 na 6 gachara mgbe nkwakọ ngwaahịa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.iol.co.za/business/companies/sabmiller-takes-chibuku-across-africa-1.1400568#.VSWKOZPhA81|title=SABMiller takes Chibuku across Africa|accessdate=8 April 2015}}</ref> == Akara ahụ == Chibuku bụ ụdị biya sorghum opaque pan-African nke ndị na-emepụta mmanya dị iche iche mere n'Afrika.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.delta.co.zw/trad/chibuku|title=Chibuku Brand page|publisher=Delta Corporation|accessdate=20 June 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170504080407/http://www.delta.co.zw/trad/chibuku|archivedate=4 May 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.unbreweries.co.za/view/unb/en/page60.html|title=UNB Our Beer Brands|accessdate=8 April 2015}}</ref> Otu n'ime ihe kpatara ihe ịga nke ọma nke akara ahụ bụ usoro ịṅụ mmanya azụmahịa na usoro iji hụ na ngwaahịa dị mma nke dị mma maka ndị na-azụ ahịa. Chibuku na-abụkarị nhọrọ nke ndị na-azụ ahịa na-abaghị ọgaranya na-enweghị ike ịzụta biya a na-etinye na karama, nke a ka nwere ike ịbụ eziokwu maka ọtụtụ ndị na-ere ahịa na Zimbabwe, Zambia, Malawi na Botswana.<ref name="About Africa Travel">{{Cite web|url=http://goafrica.about.com/b/2013/03/12/chibuku-shake-shake.htm|title=Chibuku Shale Shake|accessdate=20 June 2014}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, e nwekwara ndị na-azụ ahịa n'etiti ndị na apụta na-enwe mmasị na biya dị ka ihe kachasị mma, n'ihi ụtọ na maka ihe gbasara ahụike.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Murray|first=Slater|title=Chibuku: Africa's original beer|url=http://www.beerhouse.co.za/2014/10/30/umqombothi-africas-original-sorghum-beer/|work=Beerhouse|accessdate=7 April 2016}}</ref> == Mmepụta == Chibuku na-aṅụ mmanya ugbu a n'ofe Afrịka site n'aka ndị na-rme mmanya dị iche iche. * Botswana ọ bụ Botswana Breweries nke Kgalagadi Breweries Limited na-emepụta ya * [[Ghana]] site na Accra Brewing Limited<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ghanabusinessnews.com/2012/03/13/abls-chibuku-plant-to-create-20000-jobs-mahama/|title=ABL’s ‘Chibuku’ plant to create 20,000 jobs|accessdate=8 April 2015}}</ref> * [[Malawi]] site na Chibuku Products Ltd * Mozambique nke Cervejas de [[Mozambique|Mocambique]] * South Africa site na United National Breweries (SA) * Tanzania site na [[Tanzania]] Breweries Ltd<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://globserver.cn/en/africa/press/Tanzania%20Breweries%20now%20partners%20with%20traditional%20liquor%20outlet%20owners|title=DarBrew has packaged un-malted local beer Chibuku Super. The Tanzania Breweries Ltd is expanding its market for traditional liquors.{{!}} glObserver Global Economics|work=globserver.cn|accessdate=2017-08-31|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170831173634/http://globserver.cn/en/africa/press/Tanzania%20Breweries%20now%20partners%20with%20traditional%20liquor%20outlet%20owners|archivedate=2017-08-31}}</ref> * Uganda site na Nile Breweries Limited<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nilebreweries.com/?p=98|title=Chibuku|accessdate=7 April 2016}}</ref> * Zambia site na National Breweries PLC (Zambia) * Zimbabwe site na Delta Corporation - Chibuku bụ nke mbụ e mere n'ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta mmanya na Fort Victoria na 1962. == Hụkwa ==   * Umqombothi * Sorghum azụmahịa == Ihe odide == <references group="" responsive="0"></references> 2r0d5tteg1kf0fjtrt0axid7ro0kc4e 0 18974 85900 2022-07-30T12:25:20Z Onyeike Izuchi 13459 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1095257546|Amarula]]" wikitext text/x-wiki   [[Category:Articles with hRecipes]] [[Category:Articles with hProducts]] '''Amarula''' bụ ihe ọṅụṅụ na-atọ ụtọ sitere na South Africa. A na-eji shuga, mmiri ara ehi na mkpụrụ osisi marula nke [[Eluàlà|Africa]] (''Sclerocarya birrea'') eme ya nke a na-akpọkwa osisi Elephant ma ọ bụ ''osisi'' Alụmdi na Nwunye. Ọ nwere mmanya na-aba n'anya nke 17% site na mpịakọta (30° ihe akaebe). O nweela ihe ịga nke ọma na asọmpi nyocha mmụọ nke mba ụwa, merie ihe nrite ọla edo na 2006 San Francisco World Spirits Competition.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.proof66.com/liqueur/amarula-cream-liqueur.html|title=Amarula Cream Liqueur: Ratings and Review Summary for Amarula|work=Proof66.com}}</ref> == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == Amarula bụ nke Southern Liqueur Company nke South Africa (ndị nwe akara ahịa ugbu a na onye enyemaka nke Distell Group Limited) bu ụzọ ree dị ka mmanya na Septemba 1989, ebe a malitere mmụọ Amarula na 1983.<ref name="HinduBusiness">{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2007/07/08/stories/2007070850261800.htm|title=Capturing the taste of Africa|author=Datta|first=P.T. Jyothi|date=July 7, 2007|work=The Hindu Business Line|publisher=Kasturi & Sons|accessdate=2009-02-09}}</ref> Ọ na-atọ ụtọ nke obere mkpụrụ osisi caramel. == Nkesa == Akara ahụ na-akwado nyocha enyí iji chebe enyị ma chekwaa ndị bi na ya. N'afọ 2002, a malitere "Amarula Elephant Research Program" (AERP) n'okpuru nduzi nke onyeokachamara Rob Slotow si Mahadum KwaZulu-Natal na Durban / South Africa. Nke a na-enyocha ụzọ ndụ, ụdị mmegharị na omume nke pachyderms Africa na ebumnuche nke ichebe ebe obibi nke enyị na ichebe ọdịnihu ha n'ọhịa.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-05-04|title=The Amarula Elephant Research Programme|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140504224555/http://www.ukznfoundation.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=110&Itemid=70|accessdate=2022-06-27|work=web.archive.org}}</ref> == Ahịa metụtara enyí == Elephants na-enwe mmasị iri mkpụrụ osisi marula. [citation needed] N'ihi njikọ osisi marula na enyí, onye na-emepụta mmiri emeela ka ha bụrụ nnọchianya ya ma na-akwado mbọ nchekwa enyí, na-akwado Amarula Elephant Research Programme na Mahadum Natal, Durban.<ref name="UoN">{{Cite web|url=http://www.und.ac.za/und/lesci/elephant/preliminary_results.htm|title=Preliminary results of the Pilanesberg Elephant Project|work=Elephant Projects|publisher=University of Natal|accessdate=2009-02-09|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202121027/http://www.und.ac.za/und/lesci/elephant/preliminary_results.htm|archivedate=2 February 2009}}</ref> Maka mbọ ahịa, ọ na-emepụta ihe nchịkọta nke nwere isiokwu enyị.<ref name="TRetail">{{Cite news|url=http://www.talkingretail.com/products/drinks-news/amarula-launches-on-pack-win-an-elephant-promotion|title=Amarula launches on-pack Win-an-Elephant promotion|date=November 19, 2007|work=TalkingRetail.com|publisher=Metropolis International Group|accessdate=2011-02-23}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Springbokkie == Ihe odide == {{Reflist|2}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Official website (age-restricted access) * [http://www.amarula.co/trust Amarula Trust] (afọ a machibidoro ya) * Gourmet Nyocha nke Amarula Liqueur na [http://midnighttracks.net/comingsoon5 ''West Coast Midnight Run''] [http://midnighttracks.net/comingsoon5 akwụkwọ nka 2013 mbipụta] l0wieajdzp32smymsc52nza5rllm9lk 0 18975 85901 2022-07-30T12:30:35Z Onyeike Izuchi 13459 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1096323346|Bunny chow]]" wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Bunny chow''', nke a na-akpọkarị '''bunny''', bụ nri nri na-egbu oge nke South Afrika nke nwere oghere oghere nke achịcha ọcha jupụtara na curry.<ref name="fadBunny">{{Cite web|url=http://www.fad.co.za/Resources/bunny.htm|title=More on the Bunny Chow|work=Facts About Durban (South Africa)|author=Jackson, Allan|date=2003|accessdate=22 August 2011}}</ref> Ọ malitere n'etiti ndị India South Africa nke Durban.<ref name="FromCurries">{{Cite book|title=From Curries to Kebabs: Recipes from the Indian Spice Trail|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yAgfQ6uxhRgC&pg=184|author=Jaffrey, Madhur|date=2003|isbn=9780609607046|accessdate=28 September 2015}}</ref> N'ime obodo dị iche iche nke South Afrika, mmadụ nwere ike ịchọta ụdị dị iche iche na bunny chow, nke na-eji naanị otu ụzọ n'ụzọ anọ nke achịcha ma dabere na akụkụ nke mba ị nọ na ya, a na-akpọ ya ''scambane'', ''kota'' ("akụkụ") ma ọ bụ ''shibobo'' mgbe ụfọdụ; ọ bụ aha ya na sphatlho, nri South Africa nke sitere na bunny Chow.<ref name="KraigPh.D.2013">{{Cite book|author=Kraig, Bruce|title=Street Food Around the World: An Encyclopedia of Food and Culture|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9XCjAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA306|date=9 September 2013|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-1-59884-955-4|pages=306–307}}</ref> == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == E mepụtara bunny chow na Durban, South Afrika. Ọ bụ ebe obibi nke nnukwu obodo ndị India. A na-arụ ụka banyere mmalite nke nri ahụ, ọ bụ ezie na e mepụtara ya na afo 1940 ha.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Platt|first=Josephine|title=The Mystery of Durban’s Signature Dish Bunny Chow|url=https://theculturetrip.com/africa/south-africa/articles/a-brief-history-of-the-bunny-chow/|accessdate=2021-06-20|work=Culture Trip}}</ref> A na-erekwa ya na Gwelo, Rhodesia (nke bụ [[Zimbabwe]] ugbu a), n'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ ma ka na-ere ya n'obodo Kadoma dị nso, nke a maara dị ka Gatooma. Akụkọ banyere mmalite nke bunny chow malitere laa azụ dị ka mbata nke ndị ọrụ India na-akwaga South Africa. Otu akụkọ na-atụ aro na ndị ọrụ India kwuru na ha bịara rụọ ọrụ n'ubi okpete nke KwaZulu-Natal (Port Natal) chọrọ ụzọ ha ga-esi buru nri ehihie ha gaa n'ọhịa; achịcha a gbawara agbawa bụ ụzọ dị mfe iji buru curries akwụkwọ nri ha.<ref name="BBC">{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/food/0/25745902|title=What is bunny chow?|work=BBC Food|date=20 January 2014|author=Warwicker, Michelle|accessdate=28 September 2015|archivedate=19 June 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180619012632/http://www.bbc.co.uk/food/0/25745902}}</ref> Ihe ndị e ji anụ mee bịara mgbe e mesịrị. A pụkwara ịkọwa iji achịcha na-acha ọcha eme ihe n'ihi enweghị achịcha roti ọdịnala yana ọdịdị ya na-adịghị ike; ya mere, achịcha dị ọnụ ala, nke a na-enweta n'ọtụtụ ụlọ ahịa dị n'ógbè ahụ, ga-abụ ihe kachasị mma maka curry. == Okwu mmalite == [[Usòrò:Bunny_Chow_quarter_loaves_for_filling.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Bunny_Chow_quarter_loaves_for_filling.jpg/140px-Bunny_Chow_quarter_loaves_for_filling.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb|187x187px|Tebụl nke "otu ụzọ n'ụzọ anọ nke achịcha" a ga-ejupụta maka chow bunny.]] Otu akụkọ na-ekwu na ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ South Afrịka nke Banias (otu ndị India) na-achịkwa bu ụzọ mepụta nri ahụ na ụlọ oriri-n'ụlọ oriri na ọṅụচল, nke a na-akpọ Kapitan's, na nkuku Victoria na Albert Street na Durban.<ref name="Hajratwala2009">{{Cite book|author=Hajratwala, Minal|title=Leaving India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CWJBiay5oSQC&pg=PT70|year=2009|publisher=Westland|isbn=978-93-80032-90-0|pages=70–71|accessdate=28 September 2015}}</ref> Akụkọ ọzọ na-ekwu na mmalite nke efere a bụ n'ihi na a naghị ekwe ka ndị na-agba golf n'India buru efere dị nkọ dị ka mma n'ihu ọha n'oge ịkpa ókè agbụrụ.<ref name="KraigPh.D.2013">{{Cite book|author=Kraig, Bruce|title=Street Food Around the World: An Encyclopedia of Food and Culture|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9XCjAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA306|date=9 September 2013|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-1-59884-955-4|pages=306–307}}</ref> "Chow" na bekee ndị mba Ndida Afrika bụ nanị slang maka "nri" yana ngwaa "iri". Nri ọdịnala ndị India bụ roti na agwa, mana roti na-adaba dị ka ihe a na-ewepụ. Iji dozie nke a, ha [onye?] gwuru akụkụ etiti nke achịcha ọcha ma jupụta ya na curry, wee jiri akụkụ ahụ a tụrụ atụ kpuchie ya.<ref name="QuarterBunny">{{Cite web|url=http://quarterbunny.co.za/index.php/legends/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130113053605/http://quarterbunny.co.za/index.php/legends/|archivedate=13 January 2013|title=Legends|work=Quarterbunny|accessdate=28 September 2015}}</ref> A na-akpọ ụdị nri nri a mgbe ụfọdụ "''beans bunny''".<ref name="Hajratwala2009">{{Cite book|author=Hajratwala, Minal|title=Leaving India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CWJBiay5oSQC&pg=PT70|year=2009|publisher=Westland|isbn=978-93-80032-90-0|pages=70–71|accessdate=28 September 2015}}</ref> Ihe ọzọ, ọ bụ ezie na o yighị ka ọ ga-abụ, sitere na mondegreen nke "''bun''" na "''achar''" (Indian pickles), ọ bụ ezie n'oge a anaghị etinye nke ikpeazụ na efere (ma e wezụga dị ka ihe eji eme ihe).<ref name="Hajratwala2009">{{Cite book|author=Hajratwala, Minal|title=Leaving India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CWJBiay5oSQC&pg=PT70|year=2009|publisher=Westland|isbn=978-93-80032-90-0|pages=70–71|accessdate=28 September 2015}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFHajratwala,_Minal2009">Hajratwala, Minal (2009). [https://books.google.com/books?id=CWJBiay5oSQC&pg=PT70 ''Leaving India'']. Westland. pp.&nbsp;70–71. [[ISBN (onye njirimara)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Ihe pụrụ iche:BookSources/978-93-80032-90-0|<bdi>978-93-80032-90-0</bdi>]]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 September</span> 2015</span>.</cite></ref> == Nri == [[Usòrò:Bunnychow.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Bunnychow.jpg/220px-Bunnychow.jpg|thumb|Quarter mutton bunny chow na Durban, South Africa]] Bunny chows na-ewu ewu n'etiti ndị India na agbụrụ ndị ọzọ na mpaghara Durban. A na-ejikarị curries eme ihe site na iji usoro nri ọdịnala sitere na Durban: nwa atụrụ ma ọ bụ nwa atụrụ curry, chicken curry, trotters na beans curry, na beanscurry. Ụdị ndị ọzọ a na-ahụ n'ofe mba ahụ na-eji nri ọdịnala Durban-Indian na-agụnye chips na curry sauce, sausage fried, cheese, àkwá na polony. Ihe ndị a niile bụ ihe ndị a ma ama; chow bunny mbụ bụ akwụkwọ nri. A na-ejikarị salad nwere carrot, chilli na salad yabasị na-eri Bunny chows. A maara nke ọma dị ka sambals, nke a gụnyere tomato, yabasị, na chilies na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ nke a na-enye na vinegar ọcha. Akụkụ ndị ọzọ gụnyere pickles nke India, dị ka mango pickle, lime ma ọ bụ lemon pickle, akwụkwọ nri pickles na ụdị oge ndị ọzọ a na-eme ka ha dị mma. A na-ahụ isi ihe na-adọrọ mmasị nke bunny chow mgbe ofe sitere na curry na-abanye na mgbidi nke achịcha. Ịkekọrịta otu bunny chow abụghị ihe a na-ahụkarị. Bunny chows na-abịa na nkeji iri na ise, ọkara na achịcha zuru ezu. Mgbe ị na-atụ aro ụgbala na Durban, okwu mkparị dị n'ógbè ahụ na-ekwu na ị ga-arịọ naanị maka "otu ụzọ n'ụzọ anọ nke ụgbala" (ma ọ bụ ụtọ na ogo nke nhọrọ gị); n'ụzọ mkparịta ụka, ndị mmadụ ga-asị, "M nwere otu ụzọ n'ime ụzọ n'ọnụ ụzọ n'afọ?" A na-ejikarị mkpịsị aka eri Bunny chows; ọ bụ ihe a na-adịghị ahụkebe ịhụ ndị obodo na-eji arịa mgbe ha na-eri nri a. A na-etinye Bunny chows n'akụkọ ihe mere eme na akwụkwọ akụkọ ụbọchị gara aga. Nke a abụghịzi ihe a na-ahụkarị, a na-erekwa bunnies na "boxes bunny" nke na-ejigide okpomọkụ ma gbochie nsị si na curry. Bunny chows dị n'ọtụtụ obere takeaways na ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ ndị India na Ndịda Afrịka dum. Ọnụahịa ahụ sitere na R (US $ 1.04) maka otu ụzọ n'ụzọ anọ nke bunny ma ọ bụ dhal, ruo R ( $ 3.46) maka otu ụzọ na anọ nke bunton, n'ozuzu, mmadụ nwere ike ịbawanye ọnụahịa nke otu ụzọ n"ụzọ anọ site n'etiti 3 na 4 iji nweta ọnụahịa nke bunny zuru ezu. Kwa afọ, a na-eme "Bunny Chow Barometer" na Septemba n'akụkụ ndịda nke Osimiri Umgeni, n'elu Blue Lagoon (ebe a ma ama na Sunday picnic maka ndị India Durban), na-adọta ọtụtụ ndị na-abanye site na mpaghara Durban Metro iji sọọ mpi maka aha onye na-eme bunny kacha elu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.iol.co.za/thepost/coca-cola-bunny-chow-barometer-competition-14-years-running-16794534|title=Coca Cola Bunny Chow Barometer Competition 14 years running|work=IOL|author=Lutchman, Chanelle|date=29 August 2018|accessdate=1 October 2019}}</ref> == Hụkwa ==   * Bunny Chow, a comedy film * Gatsby (sandwich) – South African sandwich – a South African sandwich * List of African dishes * South African cuisine – Cuisine of South Africa * Curry bread – Japanese curry wrapped in dough, coated in bread crumbs, and deep fried, found in Japanese cuisine * [https://en.wikipedia.org/?title=Braai&redirect=no Braai] == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] hhff2tmgblab1g3gvczeo7qi4nhxx39 0 18976 85902 2022-07-30T12:33:25Z Onyeike Izuchi 13459 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1099918937|Weet-Bix]]" wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Weet-Bix''' bụ ọka ọka ụtụtụ ọka wit zuru oke nke ụlọ ọrụ Sanitarium Health Food Company mepụtara ma mepụta na [[Ostraliya|Australia]] na New Zealand. == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == [[Usòrò:Weet-bix-_Early_20th_century_Tin.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Weet-bix-_Early_20th_century_Tin.jpg/220px-Weet-bix-_Early_20th_century_Tin.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb|Ihe mbụ Weet-Bix tin site na 1930s]] Ọ bụ Bennison Osborne mepụtara Weet-Bix na Sydney, Australia n'etiti afọ 1920. Osborne malitere imepụta ngwaahịa dị ụtọ karịa Granose, biskit nke ụlọ ọrụ Sanitarium Health Food Company na-ere n'oge ahụ. N'abalị iri na itoolu n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 1926, o tinyere akwụkwọ maka ndebanye aha nke akara ahịa Weet-Bix, aha o chepụtara. Mmepụta malitere na 659 Parramatta Road, Leichhardt, n'okpuru njikwa Osborne na nkwado ego nke Arthur Shannon, onye mepụtara ụlọ ọrụ "Grain Products" iji mepụta ọka.<ref>[http://eud.adventist.org/news/detail/date/2013/05/15/adventist-excellence-the-sanitarium-health-wellbeing-company/ "The Sanitarium Health & Wellbeing Company"], 15 May 2013, eud.adventist.org</ref> Enyi Osborne bụ Malcolm Ian Macfarlane si New Zealand sonyeere ya ka ọ rụọ ọrụ ahịa. Ngwaahịa ahụ gara nke ọma nke na n'ọnwa Ọktoba 1928, Shannon rere ikike dị na ngwaahịa ahụ na Australasian Conference Association Limited (Sanitarium Health Food Company, ụlọ ọrụ enyemaka na ụlọ ọrụ nke Seventh-day Adventist Church na Australia). Macfarlane tụrụ aro ka ha zigara ngwaahịa ahụ na New Zealand, ebe ọ gosipụtara ihe ịga nke ọma nke na o siri ike ịnye ahịa ahụ n'ụzọ zuru ezu site na Australia. Osborne na MacFarlane gara New Zealand ma guzobe ụlọ ọrụ na Auckland na Christchurch. Otú ọ dị, ọzọ, Shannon rere ya na Australasian Conference Association Limited. Osborne na Macfarlane wee bubata ngwaahịa ahụ na South Africa ma site na nkwado ego Shannon, gaa na mba ahụ ma wuo ụlọ ọrụ na Cape Town, na Osborne na-elekọta ahịa. E mesịkwara ree ụlọ ọrụ a, n'oge a na Bokomo. [[Usòrò:Look_at_Me,_Mate,_Eating_Weet-Bix.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Look_at_Me%2C_Mate%2C_Eating_Weet-Bix.jpg/220px-Look_at_Me%2C_Mate%2C_Eating_Weet-Bix.jpg|thumb|Plain Weet-Bix n'ime efere]] Mgbe ha nọ na South Afrika, Osborne na Macfarlane chọrọ inweta nkwado ego zuru oke iji nweta ngwaahịa Osborne. E guzobere otu, Osborne ñụchara ngwaahịa ahụ ma ya na Macfarlane gara England iji guzobe British & African Cereal Company, Ltd., nke ha debanyere aha na London na 1932, dị ka ụlọ ọrụ onwe onye, na onye nwe ya gosipụtara dị ka Weetabix Limited nke Weetabix Mills, Burton Latimer, Kettering.<ref name="Companies' House">[http://www.companieshouse.gov.uk] Company No. 00267687</ref> A kọwapụtara òkè niile dị na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ka ọ nọrọ n'okpuru nchịkwa nke ndị nduzi, nke mbụ n'ime ha bụ Bennison Osborne, Malcolm Ian Macfarlane, Alfred Richard Upton na Arthur Stanley Scrutton.<ref name="Companies' House" /> Maka ebumnuche nke ịmata ọdịiche dị n'etiti ngwaahịa ahụ na nke a na-ere na Australia, New Zealand na South Africa, a kpọrọ ngwaahịa ahụ "Weetabix". Osborne na Macfarlane ghọrọ ndị isi nchịkwa na Osborne na-achịkwa mmepụta na Macfarlan na-achịkọta ahịa. A nyochara ebe maka ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, na Burton Latimer na Northamptonshire ka a họọrọ n'ikpeazụ, n'ihi n'otu akụkụ maka onyinye nke ụlọ ọrụ ntụ ọka a na-ejighị eme ihe site n'aka Maazị George, onye rịọrọ òkè na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ma nye ya oche na bọọdụ ndị nduzi dị ugbu a. N'afọ 1933, Macfarlane hapụrụ ụlọ ọrụ ahụ iji chụọ ọdịmma azụmahịa ndị ọzọ, na-ahapụ Osborne dị ka naanị onye isi nchịkwa. George mechara bụrụ onyeisi oche nke bọọdụ ahụ. Osborne resịrị ndị nduzi òkè ya na July 1936, n'oge ahụ ka a gbanwere aha ụlọ ọrụ ahụ "Weetabix Limited".<ref name="Companies' House">[http://www.companieshouse.gov.uk <nowiki>[1]</nowiki>] Company No. 00267687</ref> Osborne gara n'ihu n'oge ahụ na United States, na-eguzobe ụlọ ọrụ Weetabix na Clinton, Massachusetts. Otú ọ dị, ọrụ ahụ enweghị ihe ịga nke ọma. Weetabix mechara banye n'ahịa US site na Canada site na Clinton, Massachusetts, saịtị nke ụlọ ọrụ US mbụ. [citation needed] == Gluten Free Weet-Bix == N'ọnwa Julaị afọ 2014 Sanitarium wepụtara Gluten Free Weet-Bix, nke e ji mkpụrụ sorghum mepụta.<ref name="GlutenFree">[http://www.sanitarium.com.au/about-us/sanitarium-news/2014/gluten-free-week-bix-welcome-back-to-weet-bix ''Introducing Gluten Free Weet-Bix'', www.sanitarium.com.au, July 2014] Retrieved 17 June 2015</ref> Na mbido afọ 2014, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ weghachiri ụlọ ọrụ Weet-Bix nke dị na Perth n'ime ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta gluten na-enweghị ego iji mepụta ngwaahịa ọhụrụ a.<ref name="GlutenFree" /> == Ihe a ma ama == [[Usòrò:WeetBix.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/WeetBix.jpg/220px-WeetBix.jpg|thumb|Weet-Bix e ji mkpụrụ osisi mee]] A na-ahụ Weet-Bix na Australia na New Zealand dị ka ihe oriri mba. Nnyocha n'ịntanetị nke mmadụ 16,000 na afo 2006 gosipụtara ya dị ka akara ahịa kachasị amasị Australia.<ref>[http://www.abc.net.au/catapult/news/s1749035.htm "Weet-Bix Top Trademark", ABC News, 26 September 2006.]</ref> A na-ere ngwaahịa ahụ na Australia kemgbe afọ 1985 na catchphrase "Aussie Kids are Weet-Bix kids". Dabere na ịga nke ọma ya na Australia, a nabatara okwu yiri nke ahụ ọnwa isii ka e mesịrị na New Zealand: "Kiwi Kids bụ ụmụaka Weet-Bix". [citation needed] == Kaadị Weet-Bix == Sanitarium malitere ịnye kaadị ndị na-anakọta na afo 1942 dị ka ngwaọrụ ahịa na igbe ha nke Weet-Bix na ụfọdụ n'ime ngwaahịa ọka nri ụtụtụ ha ndị ọzọ gụnyere Granose, Bixies, Cerix na mgbe e mesịrị Puffed Wheat, Puffed Rice, Weeta Puffs, Weeta Flakes na Corn Flakes.<ref>Howieson, Paul & Marsden, Alice. (2013). ''Catalogue and card list of Weet-Bix, 1942–2010'', Elizabeth Park, South Australia</ref><ref>The list of products can be found on the reverse of cards including those in the 1942 ''Advance Australia'' and 1962 ''The Young Motorist's Book of Cars'' series.</ref> Sanitarium enyekwara kadị na ngwaahịa ha na New Zealand, mgbe ụfọdụ yiri usoro Australia ma na-elekwasị anya na mbaNew Zealand dịka kaadị 'Stat Attack' nke All Blacks.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://weetbix.co.nz/statattack/|title=Stat Attack}}</ref> == Hụkwa ==   * Kaadị Weet-Bix Ndepụta nke kaadị nchịkọta Weet-Bx * Weetabix bụ ụdị UK nke a na-ebupụ ugbu a na mba 80. * Wheat shedded bụ ọka wit ọzọ. * Granola == Ihe odide == <references group="" responsive="1"></references> == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.weetbix.com.au/ Weet-Bix Australia] * [http://www.weetbix.co.nz/ Weet-Bix New Zealand] * [http://www.bokomocereals.co.za/products/cereals/brand/weet-bix/ Weet-Bix South Africa] 2vi6gh235sb0dabpgw7nrjtw3s6fr0s 0 18977 85903 2022-07-30T12:36:40Z Onyeike Izuchi 13459 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1084905487|Sosatie]]" wikitext text/x-wiki   Sosatie (pl '''sosaties''') bụ nri ọdịnala [[South Africa|South Afrika]] nke anụ (na-abụkarị nwa atụrụ ma ọ bụ atụrụ) nke a na-esi na skewers.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Raichlen|first=S.|title=Planet Barbecue!: 309 Recipes, 60 Countries|publisher=Workman Publishing Company|year=2015|isbn=978-0-7611-6447-0|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yQEsCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA251|language=de|accessdate=May 26, 2017}}</ref> Okwu a sitere na ''sate'' ("anụ a na-etinye n'ime anụ") na saus (sauce na-esi ísì ụtọ). Ọ sitere na Cape Malay, nke a na-eji na Afrikaans, asụsụ bụ isi nke Cape Malays, okwu ahụ enwetala mgbasa onye ka ukwuu na mba South Afrika. A na-eme anụ a na-eme ka ọ dị nro, anụ a na'ime ya (nke na-abụkarị nwa atụrụ) ma sie ya site na ụdị braaing (barbecued) shish-kebab. Ntụziaka Sosatie dịgasị iche, mana ihe ndị a na-ejikarị eme ya nwere ike ịgụnye cubes nke nwa atụrụ, anụ ehi, ọkụkọ, apricots a mịrị amị, yabasị na-acha ọbara ọbara na ose agwakọta. == Nkwadebe == Iji kwadebe, a na-etinye iberibe atụrụ n'otu abalị n'ime yabasị e siri esi, chillies, galik, akwụkwọ curry na mmiri tamarind, mgbe ahụ a na-agbanye ya na skewers ma ọ bụ pan-esiri ya ma ọ bụ sie ya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.southafrica.info/plan_trip/holiday/food_wine/920089.htm|title=Footprints in the Sand|accessdate=2007-01-19|work=SouthAfrica.info|publisher=South African Tourism|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070107144402/http://www.southafrica.info/plan_trip/holiday/food_wine/920089.htm|archivedate=2007-01-07}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, ụzọ kachasị ewu ewu isi sie sosaties bụ n'èzí, na braai (ma ọ bụ barbecue). A na-ejikarị obere yabasị, ose a pịrị apị, apricots a mịrị amị ma ọ bụ prunes na-agwakọta anụ ahụ. == Hụkwa == * Ndepụta nri ndị Afrịka * Ndepụta nri nwa atụrụ === Nri ndị yiri ya ===   == Ihe odide == <references group="" responsive="1"></references> 55d77ff6rc5mapo3gk5c8somza2pa1l 0 18978 85904 2022-07-30T12:50:12Z Onyeike Izuchi 13459 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1094456610|Christmas pudding]]" wikitext text/x-wiki   Christmas pudding bụ pudding mkpụrụ osisi a mịrị amị na-atọ ụtọ nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe dị ka akụkụ nke nri abalị Krismas na mbà Britain na mba ndị ọzọ a na ebupụ omenala ahụ. Ọ malitere na England oge ochie, na ntụziaka mbụ na-eji mkpụrụ osisi kpọrọ nkụ, suet, achịcha, ntụ ọka, àkwá na ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ, yana mmiri dị ka mmiri ara ehi ma ọ bụ mmanya siri ike. Ka oge na-aga, usoro nri ghọrọ ihe dị mgbagwoju anya. N'afọ 1845, onye na-ede akwụkwọ nri Eliza Acton dere usoro nri mbụ maka ihe ọ kpọrọ "Christmas pudding". A na-akpọ nri ahụ mgbe ụfọdụ dị ka plum pudding (ọ bụ ezie na nke a nwekwara ike izo aka na ụdị '''pudding'''<ref name="plyb">Broomfield, Andrea (2007) [https://books.google.com/books?id=fJ_JDp9OgJEC&pg=PA149 Food and cooking in Victorian England: a history] pp.149-150. Greenwood Publishing Group, 2007</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.stuff.co.nz/life-style/food-wine/recipes/765827|title=Plum duff updated|accessdate=21 December 2010|work=The Southland Times|date=25 May 2009}}</ref> ndị ọzọ e siri esi nke gụnyere mkpụrụ osisi kpọrọ nkụ). A na-eji okwu "plum" eme ihe maka ihe anyị ga-akpọ ugbu a "mkpụrụ vaịn" kemgbe narị afọ nke iri na asatọ, na pudding enweghị n'ezie plums.<ref>The ''Oxford English Dictionary'' cites this use as early as 1653 by [[John Lilburne]] and also, inter alia, in [[Samuel Johnson]]'s ''Dictionary'' of 1755.</ref> == Ihe Ndị Bụ́ Isi == [[Usòrò:Christmas_Pudding.JPG|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Christmas_Pudding.JPG/220px-Christmas_Pudding.JPG|thumb|Pudding Christmas e siri n'akpa omenala ka na-egosi "akpụkpọ ahụ".]] [[Usòrò:Christmas_pudding_from_Bracknell,_Berkshire.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Christmas_pudding_from_Bracknell%2C_Berkshire.jpg/220px-Christmas_pudding_from_Bracknell%2C_Berkshire.jpg|thumb|Pudi Krismas arụpụtara na Bracknell, Berkshire]] Ọtụtụ ezinụlọ nwere usoro nri nke ha maka pudding Krismas, ụfọdụ na-enye site n'ezinụlọ ruo ọtụtụ ọgbọ. N'ụzọ bụ isi, usoro nri ahụ na-ejikọta ihe ndị dị oké ọnụ ma ọ bụ ihe ndị dị oke ọnụ, ọkacha ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ nke dị oke mkpa n'ịzụlite ísì ya pụrụ iche, ma na-ejikarị suet eme ya. Ọ gbara ọchịchịrị, ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ oji n'ọdịdị n'ihi shuga gbara ọchịchukwu na treacle ojii n'ọtụtụ ntụziaka, na ogologo oge isi nri ya. Enwere ike iji mmiri nke mkpụrụ osisi citrus, brandy na mmanya na-aba n'anya mee ka ngwakọta ahụ dị mmiri (ụfọdụ usoro nri na-akpọ maka biya gbara ọchịchịrị dị ka nke dị nro, nke siri ike ma ọ bụ nke na-ebu ibu). [[Usòrò:Christmaspuddingonahook.JPG|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Christmaspuddingonahook.JPG/220px-Christmaspuddingonahook.JPG|thumb|A na-emekarị ka pudding Krismas kpọọ nkụ maka izu ole na ole tupu a na-enye ya iji mee ka ụtọ ya dịkwuo mma. A na-eji ákwà ọdịnala emepụta pudding a kama iji efere.]] Tupu narị afọ nke iri na itoolu, a na-esi pudding Krismas nke England n'ime ákwà pudding, a na'egosipụtakarị ya dị ka gburugburu.<ref name="plyb">Broomfield, Andrea (2007) [https://books.google.com/books?id=fJ_JDp9OgJEC&pg=PA149 Food and cooking in Victorian England: a history] pp.149-150. Greenwood Publishing Group, 2007</ref> Ụdị ejiji nke oge Victorian gụnyere itinye bat n'ime efere wee kpoo ya, wee gbasaa pudding, tinye ya na efere, ma jiri ihe na-acha uhie uhie chọọ elu ya mma.<ref name="plyb" /> Isi nri mbụ na-agụnyekarị ịṅụ mmiri ruo ọtụtụ awa. Ọtụtụ ntụziaka tupu narị afọ nke iri abụọ na-eche na a ga-enye pudding ozugbo, mana na ọkara nke abụọ nke narị afọ nke abụọ, ọ ghọrọ ihe a na-ahụkarị iji mee ka pudding dịghachi n'ụbọchị a na-enye ya, na ntụziaka gbanwere ntakịrị iji nye ohere maka ntozu okè.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b086kdzs|title=Christmas, Victorian Bakers - BBC Two|work=BBC|language=en-GB|accessdate=21 August 2018}}</ref> Iji jee ozi, a na-eme ka pudding ahụ dịghachi ọkụ site na ịṅụ mmiri ọzọ, ma jiri brandy na-ekpo ọkụ kpuchie ya nke a na-etinye ọkụ.<ref>Darran McGrady [https://books.google.com/books?id=tk7UrDRRGUIC&pg=PA180 Eating Royally: Recipes and Remembrances from a Palace Kitchen] p.180. Thomas Nelson Inc, 2007</ref> Enwere ike iri ya na ofe siri ike (na-abụkarị brandy butter ma ọ bụ rum butter), cream, lemon cream, ice cream, custard, ma ọ bụ bechamel na-atọ ụtọ, mgbe ụfọdụ a na-agbanye ya ihe uto.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.foodtolove.com.au/recipes/christmas-pudding-4188|title=Christmas pudding|accessdate=26 December 2015|work=foodtolove}}</ref> Enwere ike ịme ihe atụ nke usoro nri oge Great Depression maka pudding Christmas kama izu ole na ole tupu ya dịka ọ dị na pudding ọdịnala, ọ bụ ezie na a ka na-esi ya ma ọ bụ na-esi ísì. N'iburu n'uche ihe onwunwe dị ụkọ maka ezinụlọ ndị dara ogbenye n'oge ịda mbà n'obi, usoro nri a na-eji tii oyi eme ihe maka ụtọ kama brandy ma ọ nweghị àkwá eji na ngwakọta ahụ.<ref>Walsh, Simone [http://simonewalsh.com/blogs/handmade-jewellery/easy-christmas-pudding-recipe "Quick and Easy Christmas Pudding Recipe"], 14 December 2014. Retrieved on 9 August 2016.</ref> Nchịkọta a adịghị arọ dị ka pudding ọdịnala. == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == === Akụkọ ifo === E nwere akụkọ ifo a ma ama na njikọ nke plum pudding na Krismas laghachiri na omenala na England oge ochie na "a ga-eme pudding na abalị iri abụo na ise na ụbọchị Sundai mgbe Atọ n'Ime Otu gasịrị, na a kwadebere ya na ihe 13 iji nọchie anya Kraịst na ndịozi 12, nakwa na onye ọ bụla nọ n'ezinụlọ na-akpali ya site n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ gaa n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ iji sọpụrụ ndị Magi na njem ha n'akụkụ ahụ".<ref name="plyb">Broomfield, Andrea (2007) [https://books.google.com/books?id=fJ_JDp9OgJEC&pg=PA149 Food and cooking in Victorian England: a history] pp.149-150. Greenwood Publishing Group, 2007</ref><ref name="IDay">{{Cite web|author=Day|first=Ivan|date=2012-02-07|title=Food History Jottings: $1000 Reward for Lost Pudding Decree|url=http://foodhistorjottings.blogspot.com/2012/02/1000-reward-for-lost-pudding-decree.html|accessdate=2020-10-21|work=Food History Jottings}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, usoro nri maka pudding plum na-apụta karịsịa, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụghị kpamkpam, na narị afọ nke 17 na mgbe e mesịrị. Mary Kettilby nyere otu n'ime usoro nri mbụ nke plum pudding n'akwụkwọ ya nke afọ 1714 ihe njikota gụnyere ihie dị karịa ihe ngosi nke ụgwọ akwuru di nde narị ato na isi nri, Physick na nyocha ahu.<ref name="BBC">{{Cite web|author=Lepard|first=Dan|title=How to perfect your Christmas pudding|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/food/2011/11/christmas-puddings.shtml|publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation|accessdate=15 February 2016|date=21 November 2011}}</ref> E nwere akụkọ ifo a ma ama na nke na-enweghị ihe akaebe na afọ 1714, George nke Mbụ nke Great Britain (nke a na-akpọ mgbe ụfọdụ Pudding King) rịọrọ ka e nye pudding plum dị ka akụkụ nke oriri eze ya na Krismas mbụ ya na England.<ref name="plyb" /><ref name="plyb" /> Ndị nna nna Christmas pudding nwere ike ịgụnye pudding dị ụtọ dịka ndị dị na Harleian MS 279, croustades, malaches whyte, creme e siri esi (ụdị custard a kpaliri), na sippets.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.godecookery.com/mtrans/mtrans25.htm|title=Medieval Recipe Translations: Crustade|accessdate=23 December 2008|publisher=James L. Matterer}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Hieatt|first=Constance|title=Curye on Inglysch|publisher=[[Early English Text Society]]|year=1985|isbn=0-19-722409-1}}</ref> Ihe dị iche iche na usoro dị iche iche nke usoro nri ochie ndị a na-apụta na pudding prune mbụ. Ihe atụ mbụ nke akpa pudding (na-enweghị mkpụrụ) bụ "fraunche mele" na Liber Cure Cocorum .<ref>{{Cite book|author=Morris|first=Richard|title=Liber cure Cocorum|publisher=[[A. Asher & Co.]]|year=1862}}</ref> Pudding "nwere nnukwu uru" nke na ọ dịghị mkpa ka esi ya n'ọkụ, ihe "ọtụtụ ezinụlọ ndị nọ n'ọkwá dị ala enweghị".<ref>{{Cite book|title=What Jane Austen Ate and Charles Dickens Knew: From Fox-Hunting to Whist - the Facts of daily Life in 19th Century England|author=Pool|first=Daniel|publisher=Simon & Schuster ( Touchstone)|year=1993|isbn=0671882368|location=New York|pages=[https://archive.org/details/whatjaneaustenat00dani/page/208 208]|url=https://archive.org/details/whatjaneaustenat00dani/page/208}}</ref> Pudding bu ụzọ na-enwekarị anụ, yana ihe ndị na-atọ ụtọ, na tupu a na-etinye ya n'ime ákwà, enwere ike itinye ihe ndị ahụ n'ime eriri afọ ma ọ bụ afọ nke anụmanụ, dị ka haggis ma ọ bụ sausages.<ref name="king">{{Cite book|title=The king of puddings|first=Angela|author=Dixon|year=2016|isbn=9780956108432|oclc=973718613}}</ref> === Oge Victorian === Ọ bụghị ruo n'afọ 1830 ka achịcha e siri esi nke ntụ ọka, mkpụrụ osisi, suet, shuga na ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ, niile jupụtara na holly, mere ka ọ pụta ìhè, na-ejikọwanye na Krismas. Onye na-esi ''nri'' n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Sussex Eliza Acton bụ onye mbụ zoro aka na ya dị ka "Christmas Pudding" n'akwụkwọ ya kacha ere ahịa na 1845 Modern Cookery for Private Families .<ref>Harlan Walker ''Oxford Symposium on Food & Cookery, 1990: feasting and fasting : proceedings'' pp.36, 45. Prospect Books, 1991</ref> Ọ bụ na ngwụcha oge Victorian ka akụkọ ifo 'Stir up Sunday' malitere ịmalite. Nchịkọta maka Sunday tupu Ọbịbịa na Church of England's Book of Common Prayer na-amalite site n'okwu ndị a "Kwụsị, anyị na-arịọ gị arịrịọ, O Onyenwe anyị, uche nke ndị gị kwesịrị ntụkwasị obi; ka ha, n'ụzọ zuru oke mụọ mkpụrụ nke ezi ọrụ...". Nke a dugara n'omenala nke ịkwadebe pudding Krismas n'ụbọchị ahụ nke a maara dị ka Stir-up Sunday, nke jikọtara ya na megharị nke pudding Krismas.<ref>''[[Oxford English Dictionary]]''. Second edition, 1989 (first published in ''New English Dictionary'', 1917). "Stir-up Sunday (colloq.): the Sunday next before Advent: so called from the opening words of the Collect for the day. The name is jocularly associated with the stirring of the [[Christmas]] mincemeat, which it was customary to begin making in that week."</ref> === Alaeze Ukwu Britain === Omenala nke iri pudding Krismas bụ nke ndị Britain na-achị ala ọzọ buuru n'ọtụtụ akụkụ nke ụwa. [citation needed] Ọ bụ nri a na-ahụkarị na [[Ireland|Republic of Ireland]] [citation necessary], [[Ostraliya|Australia]], New Zealand [citation required], [[Kánada|Canada]] na South Afrika [citation mkpa] N'oge niile nke ndị Britain, pudding bụ nnọchiteanya nke ịdị n'otu n'Alaeze Ukwu Britain.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://theconversation.com/how-christmas-pudding-evolved-with-australia-35027|title=How Christmas pudding evolved with Australia|author=McIntyre|first=Julie|work=The Conversation|accessdate=25 December 2016}}</ref> N'afọ 1927, ndị Empire Marketing Board (EMB) degaara Master of the Royal Household akwụkwọ ozi, na-arịọ ka e nye ya akwụkwọ nri e ji mee pudding Krismas maka ezinụlọ eze. Eze na Eze Nwanyị nyere Leo Amery, onye isi nke EMB, ikike iji usoro nri ahụ mee ihe na mbipụta na Nọvemba na-esote. Onye isi nri nke eze, Henry Cédard, nyere usoro nri ahụ. Iji kesaa ntụziaka ahụ, EMB ga-emeri ihe ịma aka abụọ: nha na ihe ndị mejupụtara ya. Nke mbụ, a tụrụ usoro nri mbụ iji jeere mmadụ iri anọ ozi, gụnyere ezinụlọ eze niile na ndị ọbịa ha. A mara EMB aka ka ọ rụgharịa usoro nri ahụ iji jeere naanị mmadụ asatọ ozi. Nke abụọ, a ghaghị ịgbanwe ihe ndị e ji mee pudding iji gosipụta echiche nke Alaeze Ukwu ahụ. A ghaghị iji nlezianya mee ka mmalite nke ihe ọ bụla na-emepụta ihe na-anọchite anya nke ọ bụla n'ime ọtụtụ ógbè Alaeze Ukwu ahụ. Brandy si Saịprọs na nutmeg si West Indies, nke e chefuru n'amaghị ama na ntụziaka gara aga, mere ngosipụta pụrụ iche. Otú ọ dị, e nwere ọtụtụ ógbè ndị na-emepụta otu nri ahụ. Nchịkọta ikpeazụ gụnyere Australian currants, South African stone raisins, Canadian apụl, Jamaican rum na English Beer, n'etiti ihe ndị ọzọ niile sitere n'ebe dị n'Alaeze Ukwu ahụ. Mgbe emechara ihe ndị ahụ, e zigara akwụkwọ akụkọ mba na magazin ụmụ nwanyị a ma ama usoro nri eze. A na-ebipụtakwa mkpụrụ akwụkwọ ma nyefee ọha na eze n'efu. Nchịkọta ahụ bụ ihe ịga nke ọma dị egwu, ebe ọtụtụ puku arịrịọ maka ntụziaka ahụ jupụtara n'ọfịs EMB.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=O'Connor|first=Kaori|year=2009|title=The King's Christmas Pudding: globalization, recipes, and the commodities of the empire|journal=Journal of Global History|volume=4|pages=127–155|doi=10.1017/S1740022809002988}}</ref> N'afọ 1931, e mere ahịa Krismas kwa afọ nke People's Dispensary for Sick Animals na Royal Albert Hall na 24 na 25 Nọvemba. A na-egosipụta pudding Krismas nke dị tọn iri, nke kachasị ukwuu e mepụtara ruo n'oge ahụ. A maara usoro nri ahụ dị ka "Prince of Wales' Empire Christmas Pudding". Akwụkwọ akụkọ Times kwuru na "Onye isi obodo London ekwewo nkwa inye pudding mbụ ya. Ndị Kọmishọna Ukwu nke Dominions ga-eso ya, mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ọha na eze ga-enwe ohere ịkpali ya. Prince of Wales (Edward nke asatọ) bụ onye nkwado nke ọrụ ebere PDSA.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Griffin|first=Matt|title=From the archives: Making a record-breaking Christmas pudding at the Royal Albert Hall, 1931|url=https://www.royalalberthall.com/about-the-hall/news/2013/december/an-empire-christmas-pudding/|work=www.royalalberthall.com|accessdate=11 May 2022|date=10 December 2013}}</ref> E kewara ya na obere pudding 11,208, nke e kesara n'etiti ndị ogbenye na mba ahụ dum. Ma Manchester na Salford, dịka ọmụmaatụ, nwetara 512 nke ọ bụla.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Giant pudding was royal Christmas treat|url=https://phys.org/news/2013-12-giant-pudding-royal-christmas.html|work=phys.org|publisher=University of Manchester|accessdate=11 May 2022|language=en}}</ref> === United States === Na America, omenala nke Christmas pudding abịala n'ụbọchị tupu nnwere onwe.<ref name="king">{{Cite book|title=The king of puddings|first=Angela|author=Dixon|year=2016|isbn=9780956108432|oclc=973718613}}</ref> E bipụtara akwụkwọ akpọrọ The Williamsburg Art of Cookery nke Helen Bullock dere na US n'afọ 1742.<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Williamsburg art of cookery, or, Accomplish'd gentlewoman's companion : being a collection of upwards of five hundred of the most ancient & approv'd recipes in Virginia cookery... and also a table of favorite Williamsburg garden herbs...|author=Bullock|first=Helen Duprey|date=1983|origyear=1966|publisher=Colonial Williamsburg|others=Parks, William, -1750., Blackeby, Harold W.,, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.|isbn=0910412308|location=Williamsburg [Va.]|oclc=28154426}}</ref> N'etiti ihe ndị a na-etinye ya, ọ na-agụnye otu pound nke mkpụrụ osisi na shuga dị iche iche, gbakwunyere ọkara pound nke ọ bụla nke akpụkpọ anụ (citron, oroma na lemon). Ọ na-agbakwunye otu pint nke brandy na àkwá 12. == Ọchịchọ na omenala ndị ọzọ == [[Usòrò:Stirring_christmas_pudding.JPG|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Stirring_christmas_pudding.JPG/220px-Stirring_christmas_pudding.JPG|thumb|Dị ka omenala si dị, onye ọ bụla nọ n'ezinụlọ ahụ na-eme pudding, ka ọ na-eme ọchịchọ.]] [[Usòrò:Christmas_pudding_(Heston_from_Waitrose)_flaming.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Christmas_pudding_%28Heston_from_Waitrose%29_flaming.jpg/220px-Christmas_pudding_%28Heston_from_Waitrose%29_flaming.jpg|thumb|A na-agba pudding Krismas ọkụ mgbe a wụsara brandy n'elu ya.]] N'oge Victorian, omenala toro na a ga-eme pudding Krismas na ma ọ bụ ozugbo Sunday gasịrị "na-esote tupu Ọbịbịa", ya bụ, izu anọ ruo ise tupu Krismas. Nchịkọta maka Sunday ahụ na Book of Common Prayer nke Chọọchị England, dị ka e ji ya mee ihe site na narị afọ nke 16 (ma ka dị na chọọchị ọdịnala), na-agụ: == Hụkwa ==    <div aria-label="Portals" class="noprint plainlist portalbox portalborder tright" role="navigation"> * <span>[[File:P_christianity.svg|alt=icon|class=noviewer|31x31px]][[Portal:Christianity|Christianity portal]]</span> </div>   == Ihe odide == <references group="" responsive="1"></references> == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.thespruceeats.com/traditional-christmas-pudding-recipe-435070 Nri Spruce: Nri Krismas Ọdịnala] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 78cavh0aytuc9f257escz4slnicjmct 0 18979 85905 2022-07-30T12:51:14Z Onyeike Izuchi 13459 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1094978140|Chakalaka]]" wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Chakalaka.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Chakalaka.jpg/220px-Chakalaka.jpg|thumb|Chakalaka]] [[Usòrò:Chakalaka_meal.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Chakalaka_meal.jpg/220px-Chakalaka_meal.jpg|alt=Chakalaka with stew|thumb|Chakalaka e ji ofe mee]] '''Chakalaka''' bụ ihe oriri akwụkwọ nri [[South Africa|mba South Africa]], nke na-atọ ụtọ, nke a na-ejikarị achịcha, [[Ugali|pap]], samp, stews, ma ọ bụ curries.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Rubin|first=N.|title=Chic Jozi: The Jo'burg Pocketbook|publisher=Penguin Random House South Africa|year=2005|isbn=978-1-86872-942-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=J7YxVqlexHEC&pg=PA84|accessdate=November 3, 2017}}</ref> Chakalaka nwere ike ịmalite n'obodo ndị dị na mpaghara Johannesburg ma ọ bụ n'ebe a na-egwupụta ọlaedo gbara Johannesburg gburugburu, mgbe ndị ọrụ na-egwe ihe ndị dị na Mozambik na-abịa n'ọrụ na-esi nri (tomato, agwa) na chili iji mepụta ihe na-atọ ụtọ nke Portuguese iji soro papa. Ọtụtụ ọdịiche nke chakalaka dị, dabere na mpaghara na omenala ezinụlọ. Ụfọdụ nsụgharị gụnyere agwa, cabbage na butternut.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Hirshon South African Chakalaka Sauce|url=https://www.thefooddictator.com/hirshon-south-african-chakalaka-sauce/|date=2017-02-26|work=✮ The Food Dictator ✮|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-05-30}}</ref> Dịka ọmụmatụ, enwere ike iji agwa a na-eme n'ime ite, tomato a na-etinye n'ime akpa, yabasị, galik, na curry paste mee nri ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tunza Eco-generation Eco-generation|url=https://tunza.eco-generation.org/m/view.jsp?board=ourActions&viewID=46977&searchType=&searchName=&pageNumber=5|work=tunza.eco-generation.org|accessdate=2020-05-24}}</ref> Ọ bụ otu n'ime salad ndị a ma ama na South Africa, a na-ejikarị ya eme ihe na braai (barbecue) ma ọ bụ na nri ehihie Sunday. Enwere ike inye ya na oyi ma ọ bụ na okpomọkụ ime ụlọ. == Hụkwa == *  Food portal * Osisi ndị India * Ndepụta nri ndị Afrịka [[Usòrò:Chakalaka_vegetable.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Chakalaka_vegetable.jpg/220px-Chakalaka_vegetable.jpg|alt=Chakalaka|thumb|Akwụkwọ nri Chakalaka]] == Ihe odide == <references group="" responsive="1"></references> jbgqugaownr6yvb18sxm3teh9txv4ug 0 18980 85906 2022-07-30T13:00:57Z Onyeike Izuchi 13459 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1098299685|Bokkoms]]" wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Bokkoms - whole, salted and dried mullet.jpg|thumb|Bokkom ha]]   Bokkoms (ma ọ bụ '''Bokkems''') bụ mullet zuru oke, nnu na nke akpịrị kpọrọ nkụ (karịsịa Southern mullet, ''Chelon richardsonii'', ụdị azụ a maara na mgbaghara odida anyanwu no na Cape Town nke South Africa dị ka "ndị siri ike"), ọ bụkwa ihe a ma ama na mpaghara West Coast nke South Afrịka.<ref name="HAT">HAT – Verklarende Handwoordeboek van die Afrikaanse Taal, 5de Uitgawe, FF Odendal & RH Gouws (redakteurs), Pearson Education South Africa, Maskew Miller Longman, 2005, p 112</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.aquarium.co.za/species_exhibits/browse_species/southern_mullet/|title=Southern mullet – Exhibition – Two Oceans Aquarium Cape Town, South Africa|publisher=Aquarium.co.za|date=18 July 2012}}</ref> A na-eme ka azụ̀ a na-atọ nnu kpọọ nkụ n'anyanwụ na ifufe ma rie ya mgbe ọ gbasịrị akpụkpọ ahụ. N'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, a na-ese ya. A na-akpọ ya mgbe ụfọdụ "fish biltong". == Mmalite nke okwu ahụ == Okwu bokkom sitere na okwu Dutch ''bokkem'', nke bụ ụdị okwu ''bokking'' (ma ọ bụ ''buckinc'' na Middle Dutch).<ref name="vanWyk">Etimologiewoordeboek van Afrikaans, Buro van die Woordeboek van die Afrikaanse Taal, Editor: GJ van Wyk, 2003</ref> Okwu ''bokking'' sitere na okwu bok (okwu Dutch maka ''buck'' ma ọ bụ ewu) ma na-ezo aka n'eziokwu ahụ bụ na bokkoms na-echetara ewu, n'ihi na bokkom nwere otu ọdịdị dị ka mpi ewu, siri ike dị ka mpi goat, ma na-esi ísì dị ka mpi nke ''ewu'' (ego nwere gland na-esi ụtọ n'azụ mpi ha nke na-eme ka ísì).<ref name="vanWyk" /> Ihe ndekọ mbụ nke ojiji nke okwu ahụ n'asụsụ Afrikaans nke South Africa bụ na Patriot Eventboek na afo 1902 n'ụdị ''bokkom''. == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == Ka ọ na-erule afọ 1658, naanị afọ isii mgbe ndị Europe biri na Cape of Good Hope, e nyere ndị obodo anọ nweere onwe ha ikike ibi na Saldanha Bay na West Coast nke Southern Africa. E nyere ha ikike site na Dutch East India Company igbu azụ na mmiri nke Saldanha Bay ma zipụ ha n'ụlọ ahịa ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na Cape of Good Hope, ka a ree ha ndị ọzọ nakwa ụgbọ mmiri na-agafe na Table Bay. Ha nwere naanị ikike ịkụ azụ na-enye ego ruo 1711. Otu ụzọ n'ụzọ ise nke ndị e jidere ga-ebute n'ụdị nnu na nke kpọrọ nkụ, nke bụ mmalite nke ''bokkoms'' na South Africa. [citation needed] == Nkwadebe == Ihe ndị a na-etinye maka bokkoms nwere obere (onye na-eto eto) mullet (azụ̀), nnu siri ike na mmiri dị ọcha. Ụzọ mbụ nke West Coast nke ịkwadebe bokkoms na-amalite site na ijide obere (ndị na-eto eto) mullets (nke a na-akpọ "harders" na Afrikaans). A na-eji brik ma ọ bụ nkume rụọ nnukwu tankị square nke e ji osisi pickle siri ike mee ihe dị ka kilogram 50 nke nnu na mmiri dị ọcha, nke a na-agbakwunye azụ. Ozugbo agbakwunyere azụ zuru ezu iji ruo n'elu tankị ahụ, a na-agbasa spades abụọ ma ọ bụ atọ jupụtara na nnu kpọrọ nkụ n'elu azụ ahụ. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, a na-etinye ọtụtụ azụ na nnu n'elu ruo mgbe a ga-ekpuchi azụ niile na nnu. A na-agbakwunye nnu dị arọ n'elu. A na-ahapụ nke a maka otu ụbọchị. N'ụbọchị nke abụọ, a na-etinye ígwè obibi akwụkwọ e ji osisi mee nke nwere ihe dị arọ n'elu, n'elu azụ ahụ dị na tankị ahụ. Ebumnuche nke obibi akwụkwọ bụ iji hụ na a na-agbanye eriri afọ azụ ahụ ka ọ ghara imebi. Mgbe ụbọchị nke atọ n'ime tankị ahụ gasịrị, a na-ewepụta azụ ahụ ma tinye ya n'ìgwè azụ 10 ruo 25 nke ọ bụla n'otu eriri, na-eji agịga azụ nke a na ebugharị n'anya azụ ahụ. A na-etinye ụyọkọ ahụ ugboro abụọ ruo atọ n'ime mmiri dị ọcha, tupu a kwụnye ha n'elu ihe mkpuchi iji kpọọ nkụ. === Ịkpọ nkụ === Ọnọdụ kachasị mma maka ịcha bụ ọtụtụ ifufe na ọ bụghị oke ìhè anyanwụ. N'abalị, a na-ebute azụ ahụ n'okpuru ụlọ iji gbochie ya ịdọrọ na mmiri, n'echi ya, a na èzí ya ọzọ ka ọ kwụ n'anwụ. Usoro ịcha mmiri dum na-ewe ihe dị ka ụbọchị ise. N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, ndị mmadụ malitere iji "ọkụ" na-akpọ nwụ. Nke a nwere ọnụ ụlọ mechiri emechi nke nwere fan eletrik, ebe a na-akwụnye azụ ahụ. Onye na-ekpo ọkụ na-ebu ikuku na ekpomọkụ n'ime ụlọ. Nke a na-eme ka usoro ịcha dị mfe nke ukwuu, ebe ọ bụ na ọ dịghị mkpa ka ebuga azụ n'ime ụlọ kwa mgbede. Nke a na-enyemaka ohere ka a kpọọ nkụ n'oge ọnwa oyi na-ekpo ọkụ. == Ụlọ ọrụ bokkom == Bokkoms bụ nri dị ụtọ nke dị na Western Cape nke South Africa, na karịsịa West Coast. Ọ bụ ezie na ọ nwere ahịa dị mkpa na Western Cape (ebe ọ na-ewu ewu ma nwee ike ịchọta ya na họtel, ụlọ mmanya, ụlọ ahịa karama (na UK: ezumike), ụlọ ahịa azụ na kiosks n'ụsọ osimiri na ebe ezumike), ọ nweghị ike ịghọ ngwaahịa a na-ahụkarị n'akụkụ ka ukwuu nke ebe a na-egbu anụ na ndịda Afrịka, azụ na ụlọ ahịa nri dị ka biltong nwere. Otú ọ dị, ọ dị maka ịnye iwu na mbupu site na ịntanetị na usoro ikuku.<ref name="bokkom.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.bokkom.com/|title=The Leading Bokkom Site on the Net|publisher=BokKOM.com|accessdate=21 March 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120701061134/http://www.bokkom.com/|archivedate=1 July 2012}}</ref> E nwere ụlọ ọrụ bokkom siri ike na "isi obodo bokkom" nke ụwa, Velddrif, na West Coast nke South Africa.<ref name="velddrif">{{Cite web|url=http://www.bokkom.co.za/velddrif/index.php|title=Accommodation in velddrif|publisher=Bokkom.co.za|date=9 April 2007}}</ref> A na-emepụta ihe dị ka 95% nke bokkoms nke South Africa na Velddrif, n'usoro obere ụlọ ọrụ dị n'akụkụ osimiri Berg.<ref name="velddrif" /> Ụlọ ọrụ ọ bụla nwere obere ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri nke ya n'osimiri n'ihu ụlọ ọrụ ahụ. N'oge gara aga, e jidere nnukwu ìgwè mullet n'osimiri ahụ ma jiri jetties mee ihe dị ka ebe a na-eke "bakkies" (obere ụgbọ mmiri) nke ndị ọkụ azụ iji wepụ ihe ha jidere. N'ihi oke igbu azụ, a machibidoro ijide mullet n'osimiri ahụ ugbu a ma a ghaghị ijide ya n'oké osimiri dị nso na Laaiplek.<ref name="velddrif" /> Velddrif bụ ebe dị mma maka ụlọ ọrụ bokkom. Ọ nwere ike ịnweta mullet dị nso n'ụsọ oké osimiri, ọnọdụ ihu igwe ya dị mma maka ịcha azụ (oge ọkọchị na mmiri ozuzo dị ala), ọ nwekwara ike ịnweta nnukwu nnu n'oké osimiri ka mmiri ozuzo na-ebugharị oké osimiri n'elu nnukwu nnu (ụlọ ọrụ nnu kachasị ukwuu na South Africa ebe a na-ewepụta nnu na mmiri oké osimiri, ụlọ ọrụ nnu Cerebos, dịkwa n'ebe ahụ).<ref name="velddrif">{{Cite web|url=http://www.bokkom.co.za/velddrif/index.php|title=Accommodation in velddrif|publisher=Bokkom.co.za|date=9 April 2007}}</ref> O nwekwara ike ịnweta mmiri dị ọcha n'ụdị osimiri Berg. Ya mere, ọ bụghị ihe na-emetụta na ụlọ ọrụ bokkom malitere ma ka na-anọgide na Velddrif. "Bokkomlaan" a ma ama (Bokkom avenue) n'akụkụ osimiri Berg na Velddrif bụ ebe ndị njem nleta nwere ike ịhụ ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke bokkoms na-agbanye n'ìgwè n'ahịrị nke ahịhịa ahịhịrị n'akụkụ ụzọ. == Iri nri == Bokkoms bụ nri pụrụ iche, ọdịnala ọdịnala nke West Coast nke South Africa. A na-eji mmanya ọcha, ma ọ bụ achịcha, apricot jam na kọfị ojii, ma enwere ike iji ya mee ihe na ofe na spaghetti, tapenades, ragout ma ọ bụ dịka ịta n'onwe ya.<ref>SA West Coast Route 27 website: http://www.route27sa.com/velddrif.html</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Sardines on toast|url=http://www.food24.com/Recipes/Black-olive-and-bokkom-tapenade-20100811|title=Black olive and bokkom tapenade|publisher=Food24|date=11 August 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://blogs.food24.com/sardinesontoast/2010/10/01/gutted-previously-spaghetti-del-mare/|title=Gutted! (previously, Spaghetti del Mare) &#124;|publisher=Blogs.food24.com|date=1 October 2010|accessdate=21 March 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151128194653/http://blogs.food24.com/sardinesontoast/2010/10/01/gutted-previously-spaghetti-del-mare/#|archivedate=28 November 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.foodnetwork.co.uk/recipes/squid-prawn-white-bean-bokkom-ragout-saffron-potato-and-oven-dried-red-peppers.html|title=Squid and prawns with bean and bokkom ragout by (Prawn, Pulses and Legumes) @FoodNetwork_UK|publisher=Foodnetwork.co.uk}}</ref> == Nchegbu banyere gburugburu ebe obibi == Enwere nchegbu banyere mbelata azụ na West Coast nke South Africa. Southern mullet dị na ndepụta oroma nke WWF Southern African Sustainable Seafood Initiative (SASSI) dị ka ụdị na-adịghị adịgide adịgide.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.wwfsassi.co.za/?m=5&s=5&idkey=1275|title=Harders – Beach Seine : SEAFOOD DATABASE|publisher=Wwf Sassi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://blogs.food24.com/sardinesontoast/2010/11/12/the-bokkom-controversy-a-cautionary-tale/|title=The bokkom controversy – a cautionary tale &#124;|publisher=Blogs.food24.com|date=12 November 2010|accessdate=21 March 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151128194704/http://blogs.food24.com/sardinesontoast/2010/11/12/the-bokkom-controversy-a-cautionary-tale/#|archivedate=28 November 2015}}</ref> Ìgwè a na-agụnye ụdị ndị nwere ihe ndị metụtara nchegbu, ma ọ bụ n'ihi na ụdị ahụ agwụla n'ihi oke igbu azụ ma ghara ịnọgide na-enwe nrụgide ịkụ azụ ugbu a, ma ọ bụkwa n'ihi n'ihi ịkụ azụ ma ọ bụ usoro ọrụ ugbo na-emebi gburugburu ebe obibi na / ma ọ bụ ihe ndị dị ndụ nke ụdị ahụ na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-adịghị ike na nrụgide ịkụ azụ̀ dị elu. Ndị na-egbu azụ na ndị na-ere ahịa nwere ike ire ụdị ndị a n'ụzọ iwu. Otú ọ dị, ịrị elu nke ọchịchọ maka ndị a nwere ike imebi nnyefe na-adịgide adịgide. == N'omenala a ma ama == A na-eji okwu ''bokkoms'' eme ihe n'asụsụ Afrikaans ma ọ dịkarịa ala [[Ílú|ilu]] atọ: # Iji zoo aka na onye na-agwụ ike, nke na-agbasi ike, nke a na-agụghị ike, ya bụ "osisi ochie kpọrọ nkụ", na ahịrịokwu "Ọ bụ n'ụzọ nkịtị ka a sụgharịrị "bokkem kpọrọ nkụ").<ref name="HAT">HAT – Verklarende Handwoordeboek van die Afrikaanse Taal, 5de Uitgawe, FF Odendal & RH Gouws (redakteurs), Pearson Education South Africa, Maskew Miller Longman, 2005, p 112</ref> # Iji zoo aka na onye na-enweghị ike, na-enweghị ikike ịrụ ọrụ ya nke ọma, na-enweghị ike ime ihe kachasị mfe, na ahịrịokwu "hy kan nie bokkom braai nie" (nke a sụgharịrị n'ụzọ nkịtị "ọ nweghị ike isi nri bokkom").<ref name="elektroniese">Elektroniese WAT (Woordeboek van die Afrikaanse Taal), Buro van die Woordeboek van die Afrikaanse Taal, Stellenbosch : Buro van die WAT 2008</ref> # Iji zoo aka na onye dị nnọọ gịrịgịrị ma dị gịrịgharị, na ahịrịokwu "ọ bụ ezigbo bokkom en biltong, maar min vir die jakkalse" (nke a sụgharịrị n'ụzọ nkịtị "ọ bụ naanị bokkom na biltong, mana ọ bụghị ihe dị ukwuu maka nkịta ọhịa").<ref name="elektroniese" /> A na-ejikwa ya mee ihe dị ka aha maka otu ezinụlọ nke osisi nwere mkpụrụ osisi dị nkọ a hụrụ na South Africa. A na-akpọ osisi ndị a bokkoms n'asụsụ Afrikaans n'ihi na mkpụrụ osisi ahụ yiri bokkoms, ísì ha na-adịghị mma na-echetara ísì azụ siri ike nke bokkoms.<ref name="vanWyk">Etimologiewoordeboek van Afrikaans, Buro van die Woordeboek van die Afrikaanse Taal, Editor: GJ van Wyk, 2003</ref> == Ntụnyere na nri ndị yiri ya == Bokkoms yiri herring kpọrọ nkụ, yana bloaters, kippers na buckling. Bloaters (azụ̀ dum), kippers (nkewa) na buckling (isi na eriri afọ wepụrụ) niile na-eme ka nnu dị nro ma na-ese siga maka obere oge. Ọ bụ ezie na usoro maka ime bokkoms nwere ike isi na usoro Europe nke ime herring kpọrọ nkụ, bokkoms na-eji ụdị azụ dị iche iche (mullet) ma ha anaghị eji sịga eme ihe mgbe niile na nkwadebe nke nri dị ụtọ. == Hụkwa ==   === Nri ndị yiri ya === Nri ndị yiri bokkom gụnyere: * dried herring – Forage fish, mostly belonging to the family Clupeidae * bloaters * kippers * buckling * dried snoek (snook) * azụ̀ ndị a mịrị amị * shark biltong === Isiokwu ndị metụtara ya === * Ndepụta nri a mịrị amị * Ndepụta nri a na-ese siga == Ihe edeturu na ntụaka == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == {{Commons category|Bokkoms}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] lkjp9649deazd9732g8y1qrn01a2bv0 0 18981 85907 2022-07-30T13:06:42Z Onyeike Izuchi 13459 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1096366544|Boerewors]]" wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Boerewors''', (nke a na-akpọ ) bụ ụdị sausage nke malitere na South Afrịka. Ọ bụ akụkụ dị mkpa nke nri South Africa, Zimbabwean, [[Botswana]] na Namibia ma na-ewu ewu na Southern Afrika. Aha a sitere na okwu Afrikaans boer ("onye ọrụ ugbo") na wors ("sausage"). Dabere na iwu gọmentị ndị mbà South Africa, boerewors ga-enwerịrị ma ọ dịkarịa ala pasent 90 nke anụ, ma nwee anụ ehi mgbe niile, yana nwa atụrụ, anụ ezì, ma ọ bụ ngwakọta nke nwa atụrụ na anụ ezì. [citation needed] 10% ndị ọzọ bụ ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ na ndị ọzọ. Ọ bụghị ihe karịrị 30% nke anụ nwere ike ịbụ abụba. Boerewors nwere ike ọ gaghị enwe anụ ma ọ bụ anụ ọ bụla "nke a na-enweta" (dị ka a na-agbake site na usoro ebe anụ na ọkpụkpụ na-ekewapụ).<ref name="SouthAfricaGovt1990">{{Cite news|title=Regulations - Governing the Composition and Labelling of Raw Boerewors|url=http://www.capetown.gov.za/en/CityHealth/Documents/Legislation/Regulations%20-%20Governing%20the%20Composition%20and%20Labelling%20of%20Raw%20Boerewors%20-%20R%202718%20of%201990.pdf|accessdate=9 August 2012}}</ref> == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == A na-eji anụ ehi a na-egbuke ya (mgbe ụfọdụ jikọ ya na anụ ezì, nwa atụrụ, ma ọ bụ ha abụọ) na ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ (nke a na-ejikarị esi nri, ose ojii, nutmeg, cloves na allspice). Dị ka ọtụtụ ụdị sausage ndị ọzọ, boerewors nwere [[Ńnú|nnu]]<nowiki/>kwu abụba, a na-echekwa ya na nnu na vinegar, ma tinye ya na mkpuchi sausage. A na-ejikarị boerewors ọdịnala eme ihe n'ime usoro na-aga n'ihu. A na-ejikarị ya na [[Ugali|pap]] (porridge / polenta omenala ndị South Afrika nke e ji mielie-meal mee). Boerewors bụkwa a na-ahụkarị na [[Namibia]], [[Botswana]], [[Mozambique]] na [[Zimbabwe]] yana ndị obodo South Africa na-anọghị n'ụwa niile. === Ihe ndekọ ụwa nke Guinness === N'abalị atọ n'ọnwa Mee n'afọ 2014, e mebiri Guinness World Record maka ịgba ụgbụ kachasị ogologo n'ụwa na South Africa. Ọ tụrụ 1,557.15 m (5,108 in) n'ogologo. E kesara boerewors n'efu n'ụlọ ndị agadi na Abraham Kriel Orphanage.<ref>Radical Media - Longest single Boerewors</ref> == Nkwadebe ==   [[Usòrò:Braai_Boerewors.JPG|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Braai_Boerewors.JPG/220px-Braai_Boerewors.JPG|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Boerewors na anụ ndị ọzọ n'elu grill]] Boerewors na-abụkarị nke ''a na-esi'' n'ọkụ (nke a na-esiri n'elu icheku ọkụ ma ọ bụ osisi), mana a na-ejikarị ya esi n'okpuru grill eletrik, ma ọ bụ sie ya n'ọkụ, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ sie ya n"ọkụ. Mgbe ị na-esi Boerewors, a ga-ezere ịpịpụta mkpuchi ahụ n'ụzọ ọ bụla, n'ihi na ime nke a ga-eduga na "ụra" ịcha n'oge nkwadebe. Ụdị dị n'ógbè nke nkịta ọkụ bụ boerewors roll, ma ọ bụ "boerie", nke bụ iberibe boerewors n'ime achịcha nkịta ọkụ, nke a na-ejikarị tomato, chili na ayabasa ma ọ bụ chakalaka. Ụfọdụ ndị mmadụ na-ahọrọ Boerewors stew nke enwere ike iji poteto mash ma ọ bụ pap kwadebe. === Mgbanwe dị iche iche === Ọtụtụ ụdị boerewors gụnyere ihe pụrụ iche dị ka galik wors, ''kameeldoring'' (ogwu kamel), Karoowors (sausage sitere na mpaghara Karoo na South Africa), na ''spekwors'' (nke ejiri abụba ezì ọzọ mee). Ihe ndị ọzọ a na-etinye na ya gụnyere cheese na ose chilli. A nwere ike iji anụ dị iche iche, dị ka kudu, na springbok, mee sausage yiri nke a, mana ọ nwere ike ọ gaghị ere ya dị ka boerewors. Kama nke ahụ, a na-akpọ ya aha ụdị anụ kachasị, mana ọ bụ naanị ma ọ bụrụ na o nwere ọ dịkarịa ala 75% anụ sitere na ụdị ahụ. Mgbe a na-eme sausage site na ụdị egwuregwu dị iche iche, ọ nwere ike ọ gaghị akpọ ya boerewors mana a ghaghị ịkpọ ya sausage na aha ụdị egwuregwu niile dị na ya.<ref name="SouthAfricaGovt1990">{{Cite news|title=Regulations - Governing the Composition and Labelling of Raw Boerewors|url=http://www.capetown.gov.za/en/CityHealth/Documents/Legislation/Regulations%20-%20Governing%20the%20Composition%20and%20Labelling%20of%20Raw%20Boerewors%20-%20R%202718%20of%201990.pdf|accessdate=9 August 2012}}</ref> Boerewors anaghị anọgide na-enweghị friji. A na-akwadebe sausage a mịrị amị ma ọ bụ gwọrọ agwọ nke a na-akpọ droëwors kama n'usoro yiri nke nkwadobe nke biltong. Droëwors aghọwo ihe a ma ama n'onwe ya dị ka nri. N'ịzaghachi usoro nri nke oge a, ụdị dị iche iche nke vegan boerewors, nke ọtụtụ n'ime ha bụ obere ụlọ ọrụ na ụlọ, amalitere ịpụta na ndị na-ere ahịa na ahịa nri na South Africa. == Egwuregwu == Nkwadebe na isi nri nke boerewors aghọwo ezigbo nka na ọtụtụ asọmpi mpaghara, mpaghara na nke mba na-ewere ọnọdụ. Ụlọ ahịa Shoprite na-akwado asọmpi kwa afọ iji chọpụta nkwadebe ọhụrụ kachasị mma. Onye mmeri nke asọmpi a nwere ihe ùgwù nke ịmepụta ngwaahịa / ihe oriri ha ma ree ya na ụlọ ahịa Checkers niile na mba ahụ, n'okpuru akara Championship Boerewors.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.championshipboerewors.co.za/|title=Championship Boerewors - Home|work=www.championshipboerewors.co.za}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Nri ndị South Africa == Ihe odide == <references group="" responsive="0"></references> q7vq0atymtbob2kukikw2xntcvx08dz 0 18982 85908 2022-07-30T13:18:31Z Onwuka Glory 13014 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1075274672|Gonimbrasia belina]]" wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Gonimbrasia belina''''' bụ ụdị ụkpara eze ukwu nke sitere n'akụkụ ebe n' ekpo ọkụ nke ndịda Afrịka. Nnukwu caterpillar ya a na-eri eri, nke a maara dị ka '''ikpuru mopane''', '''madora''', '''amacimbi''' ma ọ bụ '''masontja''', na-eri nri ma ọ bụghị naanị na akwụkwọ osisi mopane. Igurube Mopane bụ isi iyi protein dị mkpa maka ọtụto ndị bi na mpaghara ahụ. Ọ bụ John O. Westwood kọwara nke ahụ na afo otu puku, narị asatọ na iri ano na itoolu(1849). == Aha obodo ọdịbendị == A na-akpọ ikpuru mopane n'asụsụ Bekee n'ihi na a na-ahụkarị ya na osisi mopane, Colophospermum mopane. Aha ndị ọzọ a na-akpọ caterpillars gụnyere: * [[Botswana]] ** Kalanga: ''mahonja'' ** Tswana: phane * [[South Africa|Saụt Afrịka]] ** Northern Sotho: mašotša (colloq)<ref name="Toms2005">[https://web.archive.org/web/20060514081107/http://www.scienceinafrica.co.za/2005/january/mopane.htm On the trail of missing Mopane Worms]. Retrieved 28 March 2006</ref> ** Venda: mashonzha ** Tsonga: matamani or masonja ** Southern Ndebele: iinnondo * [[Zambia]] ** ''muyaya'' (kwere na ọ bụ ikpuru mopane)<ref name="Silow">Silow, C.A. 1976. Edible and Other Insects of Mid-western Zambia. Studies in Ethno-entomology II. Occ. Pap. V. Inst.Allm. Jamforand. Etnogr., Uppsala, Sweden: Almqvist & Wiksell, pp.&nbsp;64–69. (Quoted ch.17 DeFoliart 2003)</ref> ** ''finkubala''<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fao.org/docrep/007/j3463f/j3463f08.htm|title=Insect and host plant species of Central Africa: scientific names|publisher=Fao.org|accessdate=2011-10-18}}</ref> ** ''ifishimu'' (aha ziri ezi n'asụsụ Bemba)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://medium.com/the-best-of-zambia/the-mopane-worm-a-popular-african-delicacy-2aa2c20ec630|title=The Mopane worm – A popular African delicacy|publisher=Medium|accessdate=2020-11-24}}</ref> * [[Zimbabwe]] ** Northern Ndebele: macimbi ** Shona: madora, masodya or ''mashonja'' ** Kalanga: ''mahonja'' * [[Namibia]] ** Ovambo: ''omagungu'' ** Oshikwanyama:oshuungu * [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]] ** Kongo: mingolo == Ịmata == Ụgbala buru ibu na nku nke otu narị na iri abụọ nke milimita (120) mm. A na-acha nku na-acha odo odo site na ụcha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na nchara na ọbara ọbara, na eriri ojii na ọcha abụọ na-ekewapụ anya. A na-ahụ anya oroma na nku azụ ọ bụla. Ụmụ ahụhụ ndị nwoke nwere antennae nwere nku, nke a na-eji achọta onye ibe. Igurube na-eji oji, na-acha odo odo na-acha ọcha na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na odo odo, ma na-eji obere oghere ojii ma ọ bụ na-acha ọbara ọbara kpuchie ntutu ọcha. [[Usòrò:Mophane_Worm_eggs.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Mophane_Worm_eggs.jpg/220px-Mophane_Worm_eggs.jpg|thumb|Ìgwè àkwá nke ikpuru Mopane]] == Biology == Igurube na-eri ọtụtụ ahịhịa gụnyere mopane, ''Carissa grandiflora'', ''Diospyros'', ''Ficus'', ''Rhus'', ''Sclerocarya caffra'', ''Terminalia'' na ''Trema''. Ntiwapụ nke ikpuru Mopane na-eme ka osisi ndị na-emebi akwụkwọ osisi, na-emepe ka egwuregwu ghara ịchọ mma. == Ebe obibi == A na-ahụkarị ya. A na-ahụkarị ya na ọkara ọzara, ọhịa na ala ahịhịa. == Afọ ole emebere ya ==   Dị ka ọtụtụ igurube, usoro ndụ nke ikpuru mopane na-amalite mgbe ọ na-apụta n'oge ọkọchị, mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị ọ na-aga n'ihu na-eri akwụkwọ osisi dị nso na ya. Ka igurube ahụ na-etolite, ọ na-egbuke egbuke ugboro anọ n'ime ọkwa ise ya, mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, a na-ewere igurube mopane dị ka ihe kachasị mma maka owuwe ihe ubi. Ọ bụrụhaala na ewepụghị igurube ahụ mgbe ọ nwụsịrị nke anọ, ọ na-egwu ala n'okpuru ala iji pupate, oge ọ na-agbanwe kpamkpam iji ghọọ ụgbala toro eto. Nke a na-eme n'oge oyi, maka oge 6 ruo 7 ọnwa, mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị ọ na-apụta na mbido oge okpomọkụ (November ma ọ bụ December). Ụgbala ndị toro eto na-adị naanị ụbọchị atọ ruo anọ, n'oge ahụ ha na-enwe mmekọahụ ma na-eyi àkwá ha. == Anụ ndị na-eri ibe ha == Dị ka ọtụtụ ụmụ anụmanụ na-agbadata na eriri nri, ikpuru mopane na àkwá ha na-abụkarị anụ oriri nke anụ ndị na-eri ibe ha dị iche iche yana ọrịa. Ọtụtụ mgbe, ihe karịrị pasenti iri anọ (40%) nke àkwá nke ikpuru mopane ga-abụ nke nje dị iche iche ga-awakpo, na caterpillars n'onwe ha nwere ike ibute ọrịa site na nje virus nke nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu nke ọnwụ. Ndị isi na-eri ikpuru bụ nnụnụ na ụmụ mmadụ dị iche iche, nke na-adabere na caterpillars maka ihe oriri. == Ihe oriri == Ọ bụ ezie na ikpuru mopane na-eri nri n'osisi mopane, ọ bụghị naanị na nri a, ọ pụkwara iri nri n'ọtụtụ osisi ndị ọzọ sitere n'otu mpaghara ahụ, gụnyere akwụkwọ osisi mango. N'ụzọ dị otú a, ikpuru mopane na-agbasasị n'ebe buru ibu. Dị ka oghere nke ikpuru mopane dị mkpụmkpụ, n'adịghị ka ikpuru ndị ọzọ na-agagharị agagharị, osisi ahụ na-adị mfe ịlanarị nnukwu mmebi nke akwụkwọ osisi, n'oge iji mezue ya maka ọgbọ na-esote nke ikpuru Mopane. Dị ka ọtụtụ igurube, ikpuru mopane bụ onye na-eri nri nke ukwuu, ọ ga-anọgidekwa na-eri - ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ na ọ kwụsịghị - ruo mgbe ọ ruru ọkwa ọzọ nke ndụ ya, mgbe ọ na-egwu ala iji nwee metamorphosis. == Dị ka nri == A na-eji aka na-egbute ikpuru Mopane n'ọhịa, mgbe mgbe site n'aka ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụaka. N'ime ọhịa, a naghị ele caterpillars anya dị ka nke onye nwe ala (ma ọ bụrụ na ọ dị), mana gburugburu ụlọ, a ga-achọ ikike n'aka onye bi na ya. Chavanduka na-akọwa ụmụ nwanyị nọ na [[Zimbabwe]] na-eke otu ụgbụgbọ osisi na osisi ụfọdụ iji guzobe onye nwe ya, ma ọ bụ na-ebugharị ụmụ igurube gaa n'osisi ndị dị nso n'ụlọ.<ref>Chavunduka, D.M. 1975. Insects as a source of protein to the African. ''Rhodesia Science News 9'': 217–220. (Quoted in ch.13 DeF 2003)</ref> Mgbe e wepụrụ caterpillar, a na-etinye ya na njedebe ọdụ iji mebie ime. Onye na-ahọrọ ya na-agbanye ya dị ka tube nke ọgwụ ezé ma ọ bụ ogologo dị ka concertina, ma na-eti ya ihe iji chụpụ ihe na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ nke eriri afọ. === Ịchekwa === Ụzọ ọdịnala nke ichekwa ikpuru mopane bụ isi ha n'agbakwunyeghị mmiri ọ bụla ọzọ mgbe ị sachara ma gbakwunye nnu dị ukwuu. A na-emezi ka ha kpọọ nkụ n'anwụ ma ọ bụ na-ese ha, nke mere na ha na-enweta ụtọ ọzọ. Usoro ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe bụ iji caterpillars (na-emekarị na brine). Enwere ike ịchọta ụyọkọ ikpuru mopane na nnukwu ụlọ ahịa na ahịa dị n'ime ime obodo gburugburu ndịda Afrịka.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Incredible Creatures: Just Eat It – Insects as Food|url=https://www.strathroyagedispatch.com/news/local-news/incredible-creatures-just-eat-it-insects-as-food/wcm/94100f5c-3a1f-4d46-893c-74035a5438a4|author=February 8|first=John Gavloski More from John Gavloski Published on|date=2019-02-08|work=Strathroy Age Dispatch|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-05-30}}</ref> === Iri nri ===   Enwere ike iri ikpuru mopane kpọrọ nkụ dị ka ihe oriri dị nro; Otú ọ dị, na [[Botswana]] ndị mmadụ anaghị eri isi. N'aka nke ọzọ, enwere ike ịsa ikpuru mopane ka ọ bụrụ mmiri ọzọ, tupu a sie ya ruo mgbe ha ga-esi, ma ọ bụ jiri yabasị, tomato na ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ sie ya wee jiri [[Ugali|akamu]] ma ọ bụ [[Ugali|sadza]] sie ya.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20060424081134/http://www.mapasa.com/cookbook/sikunu.htm Sikunu cookbook]. Retrieved 28 March 2006.</ref> Anụ ahụ na-acha odo odo, eriri afọ ka nwere ike ịnwe iberibe akwụkwọ kpọrọ nkụ, nke na-adịghị emerụ mmadụ ahụ. Nri nke akwụkwọ kpọrọ nkụ, ma ọ bụrụ na ewepụghị ya, na-echetara akwụkwọ tii. A na-ejikarị nkụkọta ma ọ bụ nkụkọta tomato ma ọ bụ chili iji mee ka ụtọ ya dịkwuo mma. N'ọnwa Nọvemba nke afọ puku abụọ na iri na ise (2015) , otu ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị nri nke Cornell nọ n'ọnọdụ nke atọ na Brisbane, Australia, na 2015 Global Business Challenge, site n'igosi uru akụ na ụba na nri na-edozi ahụ nke ịgbanwe protein site na ikpuru mopane gaa na nri.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ezramagazine.cornell.edu/Update/Dec15/EU.Cfu.Foods.html|title=An idea with legs: Company that turns bugs into food a top finisher in competition|publisher=ezramagazine.cornell.edu|date=2015-11-01|accessdate=2015-12-23}}</ref> == Ọrụ ugbo na akụ na ụba == Nchịkọta na ire ikpuru mopane bụ ụlọ ọrụ ọtụtụ nde rand na ndịda Afrịka.<ref name="Toms2003">[https://web.archive.org/web/20051217131536/http://www.scienceinafrica.co.za/2003/june/mopane.htm The Mopane Worm]. Retrieved 28 March 2006.</ref> Ndị isi na-emepụta bụ [[Botswana]], [[Namibia]], South Africa (Limpopo Province na Mpumalanga) na [[Zimbabwe]]. Dị ka ọ na-adịkarị, a naghị azụlite caterpillars, kama a na-ahọrọ ha ebe ọ bụla ha pụtara n'ụzọ okike. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ụmụ ahụhụ kachasị mkpa na akụ na ụba na mpaghara ahụ. N'afọ ndị 1990, a na-ebupụ ọtụtụ narị tọn site na Botswana na South Africa kwa afọ.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150423113342/http://www.food-insects.com/Insects%20as%20Human%20Food.htm A Concise Summary of the General Nutritional Value of Insects]</ref> A na-eme atụmatụ na South Africa naanị na-azụ ahịa nde kilogram 1.6 nke ikpuru mopane kwa afọ, nakwa na itinye aka Botswana na ụlọ ọrụ a na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe dịka nde $ 8 kwa afọ.<ref name="Toms2005">[https://web.archive.org/web/20060514081107/http://www.scienceinafrica.co.za/2005/january/mopane.htm On the trail of missing Mopane Worms]. Retrieved 28 March 2006</ref><ref name="Spore Brief Iss. 108">[https://web.archive.org/web/20040329133222/http://spore.cta.int/spore108/spore108_brief.html Worming your way to a sustainable harvest] ''Spore Brief Iss. 108''</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20051028142348/http://aob.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/90/1/127 Effects of Elevated Ultraviolet-B Radiation on Native and Cultivated Plants of Southern Africa]</ref> A na-ewere ikpuru Mopane dị ka ihe ubi bara uru, ebe ọ bụ na naanị kilogram atọ nke nri (akwụkwọ opane) ga-ewepụta otu kilogram nke ikpuru mopane: n'ụzọ dị iche, ịkpa ehi chọrọ kilogram iri nke nri iji mepụta otu kilogram anụ ehi; ya mere ikpuru bụ ihe dị ọnụ ala, nlekọta dị ala, isi nri protein dị elu.<ref name="Toms2005">[https://web.archive.org/web/20060514081107/http://www.scienceinafrica.co.za/2005/january/mopane.htm On the trail of missing Mopane Worms]. Retrieved 28 March 2006</ref><ref name="Spore Brief Iss. 108">[https://web.archive.org/web/20040329133222/http://spore.cta.int/spore108/spore108_brief.html Worming your way to a sustainable harvest] ''Spore Brief Iss. 108''</ref> === Owuwe ihe ubi === Dị ka omenala si dị, a na-ewepụta ikpuru mopane maka ihe oriri. N'ihi ọdịdị oge nke ihe ndị a na-eri eri, ha abụghị ihe oriri n'afọ niile. Otú ọ dị, owuwe ihe ubi nke ọdịnala mopane worm na-agbanwe ka ọ bụrụ nke azụmahịa. Kemgbe afọ otú puku, narị itoolu na iri ise (1950) , a na-etinye usoro ọrụ ugbo azụmahịa na owuwe ihe ubi nke mopane worm, ọkachasị na South Africa. Ndị na-anakọta ihe nwere ike ịhazi ìgwè nke ọtụtụ narị mmadụ iji aka wepụ caterpillars n'osisi, mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, a na-etinye ha n'ụba, tụọ ha, ma zipụ ha ka a rụzie ha. Ndị nwe ala ebe a na-ahụ ikpuru mopane nwere ike ịkwụ ndị na-ewe ihe ubi nnukwu ụgwọ iji banye. Ọ bụ ezie na mmekọrịta a na-erite uru ma onye na-ewe ihe ubi na onye ọrụ ugbo, ọ na-abụkarị ihe na-emebi obodo ndị dị n'ógbè ahụ bụ ndị caterpillars nwere ike ịbụ isi ihe oriri na ego oge. === Nkwado === Dị ka ikpuru mopane na-anọchite anya ngalaba dị mkpa na akụ na ụba ime obodo, ha na-adọta ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ndị na-achọ ego site na ire ụmụ ahụhụ dị ka nri. Ọnọdụ a na-eduga n'ịkụbiga ihe ókè, na obere ikpuru mopane n'afọ na-esote. N'ebe ụfọdụ, ndị ọrụ ugbo na obodo emeela ihe iji nweta nguzozi, ka afọ ọ bụla wee nwee ike ị nweta ego kachasị elu n'emeghị ka owuwe ihe ubi nke afọ na-esote ghara ịdị. ==== Egwu nke dị n' asọmpi ==== Ihe ịrịba ama doro anya nke ọnụnọ nke ikpuru mopane bụ defoliation nke osisi mopane - mgbe ụfọdụ ihe dị ka pasent iri itoolu nke akwụkwọ.<ref name="Toms2005">[https://web.archive.org/web/20060514081107/http://www.scienceinafrica.co.za/2005/january/mopane.htm On the trail of missing Mopane Worms]. Retrieved 28 March 2006</ref><ref name="Spore Brief Iss. 108">[https://web.archive.org/web/20040329133222/http://spore.cta.int/spore108/spore108_brief.html Worming your way to a sustainable harvest] ''Spore Brief Iss. 108''</ref> Anụmanụ ndị na-achọgharị nwere ike ịdabere na mopane, na osisi ndị ọzọ caterpillars na-ahọrọ, dị ka akụkụ dị mkpa nke nri ha. Ya mere, ụfọdụ ndị ọrụ ugbo na-ele ikpuru mopane anya dị ka asọmpi maka anụ ụlọ ha, ma na-anwa iji ọgwụ ahụhụ na ihe ndị yiri ya kpochapụ "ihe otiti". Otú ọ dị, oge caterpillar dị mkpụmkpụ, osisi na-etolite akwụkwọ ọhụrụ, nke dị nro nke ndị na-eme nchọgharị na-ahọrọ, yabụ enwere ike ijikwa nsogbu a n'ụzọ ndị ọzọ, dịka ọmụmaatụ, site na ịrụ ọrụ maka uru onwe onye na ndị na-ewe caterpillars nke ga-achịkwa ikpuru site na iwepụta ha.<ref name="Toms2003">[https://web.archive.org/web/20051217131536/http://www.scienceinafrica.co.za/2003/june/mopane.htm The Mopane Worm]. Retrieved 28 March 2006.</ref> ==== Ndọrọhari ==== Ebe ụfọdụ bara ọgaranya na ikpuru mopane ugbu a bụ ndị na-enweghị ihe ubi n'ihi oke owuwe ihe ubi na enweghị ụzọ kwesịrị ekwesị na-adịgide adịgide maka ọrụ ugbo ikpuru mopine. Ezigbo ikpe dị na Mpaghara Nkayi, Zimbabwe, ebe ọtụtụ mpaghara osisi mopane mepụtara ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu nke ikpuru ndị a; mana owuwe ihe ubi belatara nke ukwuu. Ntuziaka banyere otu esi weghachite ikpuru n'ebe ndị a gụnyere re-colonization. Dị ka nla toro eto na-adị naanị ụbọchị atọ ruo anọ, n'oge ọ ga-enwe mmekọahụ ma kụọ àkwá, enwere naanị obere ohere ịkwaga ha. Ọ bụrụ na a ga-emecha nke ọma nke a, a ga-achọ imekọ ihe ọnụ na ndị ọrụ ugbo na obodo iji hụ na a naghị ewepụta caterpillars ruo ọtụtụ afọ. A ga-eme ka o doo anya na a ga-enwetaghachi ndị mmadụ n'ógbè ahụ n'ụzọ zuru ezu, nke mere na a ga na-emepụta ihe ubi na-adịgide adịgide maka ọdịnihu. ==== Ịzụ ọzuzu nke ulo ==== Ndị nọ n'azụmahịa ahụ atụlewo ime ka ikpuru mopane dị n'ụlọ n'ụzọ yiri nke ime ka ikpere silkworms dị n'ala. N'ihi ya, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ga-abụ nke na-adịchaghị emetụta ọnyà ndị metụtara ya, dị ka mgbanwe ihu igwe, ụkọ mmiri ozuzo na ihe ndị ọzọ nwere ike imebi owuwe ihe ubi. Maka ụlọ ọrụ a na-azụ n'ụlọ iji nwee ihe ịga nke ọma na obere ma nwee ike ịnweta ndị ogbenye kachasị daa ogbenye, ọnụahịa mmepụta ga-adị ka ọnụahịa nke ikpuru ọhịa ma ọ bụ ikpuru kpọrọ nkụ n'ahịa. ==== Usoro nmepụta ==== Ewuru ụlọ ọrụ Mopani Processing na Dzumeri, ihe dị ka kilomita 34 site na Giyani. Ọ bụ Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) kwadoro ụlọ ọrụ ahụ. Na-arụ ọrụ zuru oke, Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ kwesịrị inwe ike ịmepụta nnukwu ihe oriri mopani dịgasị iche iche na mopani polony. == Ihe odide == <references group="" responsive="1"></references> == Ịgụ ihe ọzọ == * Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ [https://web.archive.org/web/20060326054339/http://www.food-insects.com/index.html Ụmụ ahụhụ Nri] gụnyere ''Akwụkwọ akụkọ'' Ụmụ ahụhụ Nwụ nri * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] ''Ojiji mmadụ'' na-eji ụmụ ahụhụ eme ihe dị ka ihe oriri: Akụkọ Bibliographic na-aga n'ihu. * Hannaway, Francis. (2017) Basankusu: Tasty Caterpillars na-akwụsị Egwuregwu Agụụ * [https://web.archive.org/web/20020308133301/http://www.nfi.org.za/Ethnobiology/mopane_worm_life_cycle_and_metam.htm Okirikiri ndụ nke ikpuru na Metamorphosis] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20050219143453/http://www.ies.ac.zw/projects/mopane.htm Ugwu Mopane na Ogwu Mopane] == Njikọ mpụga ==   * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071212224558/http://www.larsen-twins.dk/58mopan1b.html Homepage nke Arne Larsen] Foto nke ntiwapụ nke ikpuru mopane {{Insects in culture}}{{Taxonbar|from=Q311788}}{{Authority control}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] szbrmf9ljhby6seetkp27zqxpa3rez4 0 18983 85909 2022-07-30T13:30:53Z Onwuka Glory 13014 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1072899800|Gatsby]]" wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Gatsby''' nwere ike irutu aka na: * The Great Gatsby, akwụkwọ akụkọ nke afọ otu puku, narị itoolu na iri abụọ na ise (1925) nke F. Scott Fitzgerald dere ** The Great Gatsby (disambiguation), ndepụta nke ihe nkiri nke akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ ** Jay Gatsby, onye bụ isi na akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ == Ihe ndị ọzọ eji ya eme == * Gatsby cap, okpu nke nwere ihu siri ike * Gatsby (JavaScript framework), onye na-emepụta saịtị na-adabere na React * Gatsby (sandwich), nri South Africa * GATSBY, akara ntecha nke Japan * Gatsby Charitable Foundation, ntụkwasị obi na-enye onyinye na London * Gatsbys American Dream, otu egwu rock na-aga n'ihu si Seattle, Washington == Hụkwa == * Gadsby (disambiguation) {{Disambiguation}} g8te7d36ioz0lm6d393uhfnv6a8chtp 0 18984 85910 2022-07-30T14:10:33Z Onwuka Glory 13014 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1064502172|Gatsby (sandwich)]]" wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Gatsby''' bụ bred mmiri n'okpuru mmiri nke South Africa nke nwere achịcha zuru ezu na chips (French fries) na nhọrọ nke ihe na ofe. Ọ malitere na Cape Town ma bụrụ nke a ma ama na mpaghara Western Cape. Sandwich na-adịkarị ukwuu ma ọtụtụ ndị mmadụ na-ekerịta ya. == Ngwá Ngwá eji esinria == Enweghị usoro nri maka Gatsby, mana a na-enyekarị ya n'ogologo (otu ụkwụ ma ọ bụ karịa) ụdị achịcha French nke a na-ebipụ n'oghere. Achịcha ndị ọzọ a na-eji eme ihe nwere ike ịgụnye achịcha nkịta ọkụ ma ọ bụ achịcha roti dị larịị, ọ bụ ezie na a na-akpọkarị roti jupụtara dị ka salomie.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Rolled or on a roll? Cape Town’s famous gatsby gets a new look|url=https://www.news24.com/news24/SouthAfrica/News/pics-rolled-or-on-a-roll-cape-towns-famous-gatsby-gets-a-new-look-20210515|date=2021-05-15|work=www.news24.com|accessdate=2021-09-11}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Salomie - Cape Town's favourite roti wrap|url=https://www.capetownetc.com/cape-town/salomie-cape-towns-favourite-roti-wrap/|date=2018-03-06|work=www.capetownetc.com|accessdate=2021-09-11}}</ref> A na-eme bred ahụ ka ọ buru ibu ka a kesaa ya, ọ na-abụkarị ụzọ anọ. Ihe jupụtara na Gatsby na-agụnye chips na ọnụ ọgụgụ ọ bụla nke ihe ndị ọzọ dị ka anụ, azụ na àkwá. Ihe ndị a na-etinye n'anụ nwere ike ịgụnye anụ a na-eme ka ọ bụrụ anụ, anụ masala, anụ ọkụkọ, polony sausage, Vienna sausage na Russian sausage. A na-enyekwa azụ̀ e siri esi ma ọ bụ nke a na-etinye n'ime ya, calamari, curry na àkwá ugboro ugboro. A na-ejikarị achar pickles ma ọ bụ piri piri sauce na-eyi ihe ndị a. Ọ bụ ezie na a na-ejikarị anụ eme Gatsby, a pụrụ ịchọta nsụgharị vegan nke a na-emekarị site na iji anụ na anụ soy steak.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-06-30|title=Vegan Grilled Soy Steaks with 3 Marinades|url=https://cheapandcheerfulcooking.com/vegan-grilled-soy-steaks-with-3-marinades/|accessdate=2021-07-12|work=Cheap And Cheerful Cooking|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Vegan Gatsby Sandwich|url=https://www.zuckerjagdwurst.com/en/recipes/vegan-gatsby-sandwich|accessdate=2021-07-12|work=www.zuckerjagdwurst.com|language=en}}</ref> A pụkwara ịchọta nsụgharị ndị dị mma, na-eji ihe ndị dị ka agwa nke a na-ekwu na ọ na-ebelata cholesterol na abụba.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Dynamics|first=Press Release, Issued by Lange 360 on behalf of Pharma|title=‘Gatsby’ gets healthy makeover in Waterfront|url=https://www.news24.com/health24/Diet-and-nutrition/News/Gatsby-gets-healthy-makeover-in-Waterfront-20131008|accessdate=2021-07-12|work=Health24|language=en-US}}</ref> == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == [[Usòrò:Gatsby_mural.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Gatsby_mural.jpg/220px-Gatsby_mural.jpg|thumb|Ihe osise dị na Athlone na-eme emume ebe ahụ dị ka "Ụlọ Gatsby".]] Sandwich Gatsby malitere n' afọ otu puku, narị itoolu na iri asaa na isii (1976) na obodo anakpo Athlone, na mpaghara Cape Flats nke Cape Town. Onye nwe ụlọ ahịa nri bụ Rashaad Pandy chọrọ inye ndị ọrụ nri ngwa ngwa ma jupụta na-enyere ya aka imezigharị ụlọ ahịa ya. O jupụtara na nnukwu achịcha gburugburu na "slap chips" (ụkpụrụ South-African-style chips na vinegar), polony sausage na achaar ma belata nke a n'ime wedges. "Froggy", otu n'ime ndị ọrụ ahụ, kwupụtara na bred ahụ bụ "Gatsby smash", na-ezo aka na ihe nkiri The Great Gatsby nke e gosipụtara na ụlọ ihe nkiri Athlone.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Richardson|first=Heather|title=Cape Town's most famous fast food|url=http://www.bbc.com/travel/story/20201130-cape-towns-most-famous-fast-food|work=BBC Travel|accessdate=2020-12-03|date=2020-12-01}}</ref> Aha ahụ kwụsiri ike ma Pandy mechara nye bred ahụ na ụlọ ahịa ya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.capetownmagazine.com/gatsby-sandwich|title=The Story Behind One Of Cape Town's Favourite Foods: The Gatsby|work=www.capetownmagazine.com|language=en|accessdate=2018-12-21}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.eatout.co.za/article/5-great-gatsbies-cape-town/|title=5 great gatsbys in Cape Town|date=2016-10-14|work=Eat Out|language=en-US|accessdate=2018-12-21}}</ref> Sandwich ahụ toro na ewu ewu ma gbanwee ya iji jiri ogologo mpịakọta French. Gatsby sandwich bụ ọgwụgwọ na-ewu ewu maka ndị Capetonians.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cape Town&rsquo;s Best Hangover Cures|url=https://www.foodandwine.com/travel/cape-town-s-best-hangover-cures|accessdate=2021-08-28|work=Food & Wine|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Best Hangover Food Cures from Cape Town Restaurants {{!}} Babalas Remedies, Top Foods for Hangovers, Hungover Meals & Eating Out South Africa|url=http://www.capetownmagazine.com/best-hangover-food|accessdate=2021-08-28|work=www.capetownmagazine.com|language=en}}</ref><gallery mode="packed" heights="140px"> Usòrò:Tastebud Shack 1.jpg|alt=A ụlọ ahịa na Cape Town, South Africa, na akara maka Gatsby sandwiches av.A ụlọ ahịa dị na Cape Town، South Africa na akara maka Santsby, 2014 Root44 3.jpg|alt=A Gatsby sandwich nke onwe ya kwadebere na calamari na chips, a na-ere ya na ụlọ nri nke onwe ya na calamarii na chips, na-ere na [[Food stall|ụlọ nri]] maka R45 (ihe dịka [[United States dollar|USD]] $ 3.75), 2014 Usòrò:Gatsby (1).jpg|Alt=A Gatsby sandwich n'ihi na ọ bụ n'ihi ya ka a ga-asị na ọ bụ </gallery> == Hụkwa ==   * [[Bunny chow]] bụ nri nri na-egbu egbu nke South Africa nke nwere achịcha e gwuru n'ime ya nke jupụtara na curry * Chip butty - ụdị bred frich fry nke United Kingdom. * Mitraillette - ụdị bred friji nke Belgium. * Ndepụta nri ndị Afrịka * Ndepụta sandwiches {{Reflist|refs=<ref name="Lehman Fodors Travel Publications">{{cite book | last=Lehman | first=A. | last2=Fodor's Travel Publications | first2=I.S. | title=Fodor's South Africa | publisher=Fodor's Travel Publications | series=Fodor's Gold Guides | year=2005 | isbn=978-1-4000-1366-1 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TJpLF6G5KJsC&pg=RA1-PA58 | page=1–PA58}}</ref> <ref name="Albala 2011 p. 178">{{cite book | last=Albala | first=K. | title=Food Cultures of the World Encyclopedia: &#91;Four Volumes&#93; | publisher=ABC-CLIO | series=Food Cultures of the World Encyclopedia | year=2011 | isbn=978-0-313-37627-6 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zG1H75z0EYYC&pg=PA178 | page=178}}</ref> <ref name="Kavonic 2015">{{cite web | last=Kavonic | first=Dayle | title=The Gatsby Sandwich | website=Cape Town Magazine | date=17 April 2015 | url=http://www.capetownmagazine.com/recipes/the-gatsby-sandwich/106_22_19311 | access-date=17 April 2015}}</ref> <ref name="Saveur">{{cite web|url=http://www.saveur.com/article/Kitchen/The-Great-Gatsby|title=The Great Gatsby|author=The Editors|work=[[Saveur]]|access-date=17 April 2015}}</ref> <ref name="Weiss 2013">{{cite web | last=Weiss | first=Andrea | title=Where to find a gatsby in Cape Town | website=South African Tourism | date=21 June 2013 | url=http://www.southafrica.net/blog/en/posts/entry/where-to-find-a-gatsby-in-cape-town1 | access-date=17 April 2015}}</ref> <ref name="Merwe 2013">{{cite web | last=Merwe | first=Marelise van der | title=In search of Cape Town’s own Great Gatsby | website=[[Daily Maverick]] | date=9 October 2013 | url=http://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2013-10-09-in-search-of-cape-towns-own-great-gatsby/ | access-date=17 April 2015}}</ref>}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Media related to Gatsby (sandwich) at Wikimedia Commons {{South African cuisine}}{{sandwhich}} e8vf1vwm7y3o6ygicrwjgxrwj4sbaq1 0 18985 85911 2022-07-30T14:22:33Z Onyeike Izuchi 13459 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1088758505|Sukuma wiki]]" wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Ugali_&_Sukuma_Wiki.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Ugali_%26_Sukuma_Wiki.jpg/220px-Ugali_%26_Sukuma_Wiki.jpg|thumb|Ugali na wiki sukuma]] [[Usòrò:Collard-Greens-Bundle.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Collard-Greens-Bundle.jpg/220px-Collard-Greens-Bundle.jpg|thumb|Akara sukuma (ihe ọkụkụ na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ)]] Sukuma '''wiki''' bụ nri ndị dị n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Afrịka nke e ji akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ mee, nke a mara dị ka sukuma, nke e ji yabasị na ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ sie.<ref name="Hobbs 2017">{{Cite news|author=Hobbs|first=Jane-Anne|title=15 of Africa's favorite dishes|url=https://edition.cnn.com/travel/article/africa-food-dishes/index.html|accessdate=18 December 2018|work=[[CNN Travel]]|date=12 July 2017|language=en}}</ref> A na-ejikarị ya na [[ugali]] (nke e ji ntụ ọka mee) eri ya ma rie ya.<ref name="Hobbs 2017" /> Na [[Tanzania]], [[Kenya]], [[Uganda]] na ọtụtụ akụkụ nke East Africa, a na akpọkarị colewort aha Swahili ha, ''sukuma'', a na'akpọkarị ha collard greens. A na-ejikarị ya eme ihe na-ezighị ezi maka kale. Nsụgharị nkịtị nke ahịrịokwu 'sukuma wiki' bụ "ịkpali izu" ma ọ bụ "ịgbatị izu". Ọ bụ akwụkwọ nri nke dị ọnụ ala ma dị n'afọ niile na mpaghara a. Ọ bụ akụkụ nke nri a na-eri na mpaghara a tinyere [[Ugali]] ma ọ bụ [[Ugali|Sima]]. == Nkọwa == Aha otu cultivar aha ''Acephala'' ("na-enweghị isi" na Grik) na-ezo aka n'eziokwu ahụ bụ na ụdị B. oleracea a enweghị isi akwụkwọ (nke a na-ejikọta ọnụ "isi") dị ka cabbage.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.floridata.com/ref/b/bras_ole_kale.cfm|title=Brassica oleracea var. acephala|publisher=Floridata|date=2007-02-06|accessdate=2012-07-26}}</ref> Osisi a na-adịru afọ abụọ ebe oyi na-eme n'oge oyi, na-adịkwa afọ niile ọbụna n'ógbè ndị oyi na-atụ. Ọ na-enwekwa mmetụta dị mma na nnu. Ọ nwere ogwe kwụ ọtọ, na-etolite ruo mita abụọ n'ogologo. Osisi ahụ yiri nnọọ ma nwee njikọ chiri anya na kale. Nkwadebe ahụ dị iche na nkwadebe ọdịnala nke akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na United States. == Ịkọ ugbo na ichekwa == A na-akụ osisi ahụ maka azụmahịa maka akwụkwọ ya dị arọ, nke na-egbu egbu, nke a na-eri eri. Ha dị n'afọ niile, mana ha na-atọ ụtọ ma na-edozi ahụ n'ọnwa oyi, mgbe oyi mbụ gasịrị.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cdispatch.com/opinions/article.asp?aid=17916|title=Birney Imes: Amazing collards - The Dispatch|publisher=Cdispatch.com|date=2012-07-21|accessdate=2012-07-26}}</ref> Maka ọdịdị kachasị mma, a ga-ahọrọ akwụkwọ tupu ha eruo oke, ebe akwụkwọ ga-adị arọ ma sie ya n'ụzọ dị iche na akwụkwọ ọhụrụ. Afọ agaghị emetụta ụtọ. Nri na ọdịdị na-adabere na cultivar; couve-manteiga na couve tronchuda nwere ekele karịsịa na obodo [[Brazil]] na [[Portugal]]. == Ojiji e ji esi nri == A na-eri wiki Sukuma kemgbe ọ dịkarịa ala afọ 2,000, na ihe akaebe na-egosi na ndị Gris oge ochie zụlitere ụdị dị iche iche nke colewort na kale.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu/archives/parsons/publications/vegetabletravelers/kale.html|title=Greeks and Romans Grew Kale and Colewort s &#124; Archives &#124; Aggie Horticulture|publisher=Aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu|date=|accessdate=2012-07-26}}</ref> Na [[Democratic Republic of the Congo|Congo]], [[Uganda]], [[Tanzania]] na [[Kenya]] (East Africa), colewort a pịrị apị bụ isi ihe na-eso nri a ma ama a maara dị ka [[ugali]] (nke a na-akpọkwa sima, cal cal ma ọ bụ posho mgbe ụfọdụ), achịcha ọka. Sukuma wiki na-ejikarị mmanụ eme ihe ruo mgbe ọ dị nro, jiri yabasị mee ka ọ dị ụtọ ma jiri nnu mee ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-esote ma ọ bụ dị ka nri dị n'akụkụ na anụ kachasị amasị (azụ̀, ọkụkọ, anụ ehi, anụ ezì). Enwere ike ịchịkwa akwụkwọ wiki sukuma ọhụrụ ruo ụbọchị 10 ma ọ bụrụ na etinye ya na friji karịa oyi (1 °C) na oke mmiri (> 95%). N'ime friji ụlọ, enwere ike ịchekwa colewort ọhụrụ maka ihe dị ka ụbọchị atọ. Ozugbo esichara ha, enwere ike itinye ha na friji ma chekwa ha ogologo oge. == Ihe odide == {{Reflist|30em}} 6xdipzt0ebf6foo2304wltof8f2ydu4 0 18986 85912 2022-07-30T14:24:16Z Onyeike Izuchi 13459 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1073384692|Nyama choma]]" wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Nyama_Choma_(BBQ_the_Kenyan_way).jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Nyama_Choma_%28BBQ_the_Kenyan_way%29.jpg/220px-Nyama_Choma_%28BBQ_the_Kenyan_way%29.jpg|thumb|''Nyama choma'' (Koroga Festival na Nairobi).]] '''''nyama choma''''' bụ anụ ewu e siri esi. '''''Anụ e siri esi''''' na-ewu ewu na obodo [[Kenya]] ebe a na-ewere ya dị ka nri mba na [[Tanzania]].<ref>http://content.time.com/time/travel/cityguide/article/0,31489,1974866_1974860_1974832,00.html « Nairobi: 10 Things to Do: 6. ''Nyama Choma'' »], ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' (consulté le 8 avril 2019).</ref> Okwu ahụ bụ ''nyama choma'' pụtara anụ a na-akpọ chi n'asụsụ Kiswahili. == Nkwadebe == Na Kenya, a na-ahọrọ anụ ewu, mana a na-ejikwa anụ ehi. Maka ezigbo nyama choma, tinye nnu na ose, mana ụfọdụ ndị na-ebu ụzọ mee ya na ngwakọta yabasị, galik na ginger, na ose ọkụ na mmiri lemon.<gallery mode="packed" heights="100"> Usòrò:Nyama choma during a christmas past 1.JPG| Usòrò:Nyama choma during a christmas past 2.JPG| Usòrò:Nyama choma during a christmas past 6.JPG| Usòrò:Nyama choma during a christmas past 9.JPG| </gallery> == Nri == A na-enweta ya na ngaji abụba n'akụkụ ụzọ na nnukwu ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ. A na-eri ya na mkpịsị aka Nri ndị dị n'akụkụ dịgasị iche iche, mana ndị kachasị mma bụ salad ''kachumbari'' na ''[[ugali]]'' == Ihe edeturu na ntụaka == {{Reflist}} == Akwụkwọ == * Juliana Letara, James MacGregor na Ced Hesse, Estimating the Economic Significance of Pastoralism: Ihe atụ nke mpaghara 意 choma na Tanzania, International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED), Edinburgh, November 2006, 20 p. [gụọ n'ịntanetị]. * Coco Wiseman, na African Cookbook: Coco Cooks Kenya, Springwood emedia . == Ihe ndị ọzọ e tinyere na ya == * Braai fcpynyder5xzuv9ybm7izdpwxp3hnmw 85913 85912 2022-07-30T14:25:51Z Onyeike Izuchi 13459 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1073384692|Nyama choma]]" wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Nyama_Choma_(BBQ_the_Kenyan_way).jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Nyama_Choma_%28BBQ_the_Kenyan_way%29.jpg/220px-Nyama_Choma_%28BBQ_the_Kenyan_way%29.jpg|thumb|''Nyama choma'' (Koroga Festival na Nairobi).]] '''''nyama choma''''' bụ anụ ewu e siri esi. '''''Anụ e siri esi''''' na-ewu ewu na obodo [[Kenya]] ebe a na-ewere ya dị ka nri mba na [[Tanzania]].<ref>http://content.time.com/time/travel/cityguide/article/0,31489,1974866_1974860_1974832,00.html « Nairobi: 10 Things to Do: 6. ''Nyama Choma'' »], ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' (consulté le 8 avril 2019).</ref> Okwu ahụ bụ ''nyama choma'' pụtara anụ a na-akpọ chi n'asụsụ Kiswahili. == Nkwadebe == Na Kenya, a na-ahọrọ anụ ewu, mana a na-ejikwa anụ ehi. Maka ezigbo nyama choma, tinye nnu na ose, mana ụfọdụ ndị na-ebu ụzọ mee ya na ngwakọta yabasị, galik na ginger, na ose ọkụ na mmiri lemon.<gallery mode="packed" heights="100"> Usòrò:Nyama choma during a christmas past 1.JPG| Usòrò:Nyama choma during a christmas past 2.JPG| Usòrò:Nyama choma during a christmas past 6.JPG| Usòrò:Nyama choma during a christmas past 9.JPG| </gallery> == Nri == A na-enweta ya na ngaji abụba n'akụkụ ụzọ na nnukwu ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ. A na-eri ya na mkpịsị aka Nri ndị dị n'akụkụ dịgasị iche iche, mana ndị kachasị mma bụ salad ''kachumbari'' na ''[[ugali]]'' == Ihe edeturu na ntụaka == <references group="" responsive="1"></references> == Akwụkwọ == * Juliana Letara, James MacGregor na Ced Hesse, Estimating the Economic Significance of Pastoralism: Ihe atụ nke mpaghara 意 choma na Tanzania, International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED), Edinburgh, November 2006, 20 p. [gụọ n'ịntanetị]. * Coco Wiseman, na African Cookbook: Coco Cooks Kenya, Springwood emedia . == Ihe ndị ọzọ e tinyere na ya == * Braai 7pm67dtdh14ckynaxjsz3k40nmvb96t 0 18987 85914 2022-07-30T14:42:56Z Onyeike Izuchi 13459 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1045102560|Kachumbari]]" wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Kachumbari''' bụ nri tomato na salad onion nke na-ewu ewu na nri nke mpaghara Great Lakes nke Africa. Ọ bụ nri salad a na-esighị esi nke nwere tomato, yabasị, na ose chili. Enwere ike ịchọta ọdịiche nke kachumbari na Kenya, [[Tanzania]], [[Rwanda]], [[Uganda]], [[Burundi]] na mba ndịda Afrịka nke Malawi na Congo.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Benton|first=G. A.|title=Restaurant review: Riziki Swahili Grill takes patrons on a tasty culinary trip to Africa|url=https://www.dispatch.com/story/lifestyle/2021/03/17/riziki-swahili-grill-tasty-culinary-trip-africa-northland-columbus/6946782002/|accessdate=2021-09-18|work=The Columbus Dispatch|language=en-US}}</ref> Okwu Swahili ''kachumbari'' sitere na okwu India ''cachumber'' . == Ojiji == A na-eji Kachumbari eme ihe dị ka nri akwụkwọ nri maka nri isi. Na obodo Kenya, a na-eji ya eme ihe dị ka ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ na pilau (''pilaf''), mukimo, ma ọ bụ nri ''[[nyama choma]]'' (anụ e siri esi) na ''[[ugali]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Bala|first=Nithu|title=Kachumbari - East African Salad|url=http://www.nithubala.com/2010/04/kachumbari-eastern-african-salad.html|publisher=nithubala.com|accessdate=24 July 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Recipe: Mukimo|url=http://www.africancook.co.ke/mukimo/|work=African Cook|accessdate=2012-07-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120623013608/http://africancook.co.ke/mukimo/|archivedate=2012-06-23}}</ref> Na obodo Tanzania, a na-eri ya na osikapa pilau ma ọ bụ ''biryani''. Na obodo Malawi, a na-erikarị ya n'onwe ya dị ka nri salad ọ bụla ọzọ, ebe na Uganda a na-eri ya na ''nyama choma''. == Mgbanwe dị iche iche == Enwere ike itinye ihe ndị ọzọ, dị ka lime ma ọ bụ mmiri lemon, cilantro ọhụrụ (coriander ma ọ bụ ''dhania''), parsley, avocado, ma ọ bụ cucumber, na n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ gin ma ọ bụ vodka. Ụfọdụ ụdị ntụziaka na-akpọkwa habanero ma ọ bụ Scotch bonnet peppers, na aka nke cayenne pepper.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Bala|first=Nithu|title=Kachumbari - East African Salad|url=http://www.nithubala.com/2010/04/kachumbari-eastern-african-salad.html|publisher=nithubala.com|accessdate=24 July 2012}}</ref> Kachumbari na-ewu ewu n'ógbè Great Lakes nke Afrịka ma enwere ike iri ya na Afrika pilaf na African ''biryani''. Na [[Malawi]], a na-akpọ ya ''sumu'' ma ọ bụ ''shum'' ma ọ bụ naanị "tomato na salad yabasị". == Hụkwa ==   * Ndepụta nri ndị Afrịka * Ndepụta nke nri yabasị * Salad ndị Israel * Salad Shirazi == Ihe odide == {{Reflist|refs=<ref name="Sheen 2010 p. 48">{{cite book | last=Sheen | first=B. | title=Foods of Kenya | publisher=Greenhaven Publishing | series=A Taste of Culture | year=2010 | isbn=978-0-7377-4813-0 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OINmDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA48 | access-date=22 August 2019 | page=48}}</ref>}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.congocookbook.com/vegetable_and_side_dish_recipes/kachumbari.html Ntinye maka Kachumbari site na Congocookbook.com] adqblzhyrlthge4vhjt3808srbrn71o 0 18988 85916 2022-07-30T16:11:20Z Jerrydestiny 13027 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1099187789|Qurabiya]]" wikitext text/x-wiki   [[Usòrò:Ghribia_algérienne.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Ghribia_alg%C3%A9rienne.jpg/220px-Ghribia_alg%C3%A9rienne.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Bisikiiti Ghoriba]] '''Qurabiya''' (nke a na-akpọkwa ghraybe, '''ghorayeba''', ghoriba (Arabic), '''ghribia''', '''ghraïba''', ma ọ bụ '''ghriyyaba''' na ọtụtụ okwu ndị ọzọ) bụ ụdị bisikiit, nke a na-ejikarị alimondu. A na-ahụ nsụgharị n'ọtụtụ mba nke ụwa Arab, na ụdị na ntụziaka dị iche iche.<ref name="Davidson 2014">{{Cite book|first=Alan|author=Davidson|title=The Oxford Companion to Food|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bIIeBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA348|publisher=OUP Oxford|date=21 August 2014|isbn=9780191040726}}</ref><ref name="Marks 2010">{{Cite book|first=Gil|author=Marks|title=Encyclopedia of Jewish Food|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gFK_yx7Ps7cC&pg=PT705|publisher=HMH|date=17 November 2010|isbn=9780544186316}}</ref> Na Maghreb na [[Egypt|Ijipt]], a na-ejikarị tii Libya, kọfị Arabic ma ọ bụ tii mint Maghrebi. Ghoriba anọwo na mpaghara Nnukwu Syria, Iraq na mba ndị Arab ndị ọzọ kemgbe oge ochie.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|author=Salloum|first=Habeeb|title=The Arabian Nights Cookbook: From Lamb Kebabs to Baba Ghanouj, Delicious Homestyle Arabian Cooking|date=Feb 28, 2012|publisher=Tuttle Publishing|isbn=9781462905249|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v5TTAgAAQBAJ&q=Ghurayba}}</ref> Ha yiri polvorones si Andalusia.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Williams|first=Stephanie|title=Lost and loving it in Morocco|url=http://www.heraldsun.com.au/travel/world/lost-and-loving-it-in-morocco/story-e6frfhdo-1226442356260|work=[[Herald Sun]]|accessdate=1 April 2015|date=5 August 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Kragen|first=Pam|title=Cookbook a love letter to Morocco|url=http://www.utsandiego.com/news/2013/mar/19/moroccan-cookbook-infused-with-memories/|work=[[U-T San Diego]]|accessdate=1 April 2015|date=19 March 2013}}</ref><ref name="Hanger. C.">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TT8iRuvzkNwC&q=Moroccan+cuisine|title=Morocco: World Food|author=Catherine Hanger|publisher=[[Lonely Planet]]|year=2000|isbn=1-86450-024-7}}</ref> == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == A na-enye usoro nri maka kuki achịcha dị mkpirikpi yiri ghorayebah ma na-enweghị almond, nke a na-akpọ na Arabic ''khushkanānaj gharib'' ( kuki dị iche iche), n'akwụkwọ nri ndị Arab mbụ a maara, Kitab al-Ṭabīīīī nke narị afọ nke 10.<ref name="Nasrallah 2007">{{Cite book|first=Nawal|author=Nasrallah|title=Annals of the Caliphs' Kitchens: Ibn Sayyār al-Warrāq's Tenth-Century Baghdadi Cookbook|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sQCwCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA418|pages=418, 569|publisher=BRILL|date=26 November 2007|isbn=9789047423058}}</ref> ''Kurabiye'' pụtara na nri Ottoman na narị afọ nke iri na ise. [dubious <ref name="Şirvânî2005">{{Cite book|author=Muhammed bin Mahmûd-ı Şirvânî|title=15. yüzyıl Osmanlı mutfağı|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hc7gAAAAMAAJ|year=2005|publisher=Gökkubbe|isbn=978-975-6223-84-0}}</ref> E nwere arụmụka ụfọdụ banyere mmalite nke okwu ndị ahụ. Ụfọdụ enyeghị mmalite ọzọ maka okwu Turkish ''kurabiye'' karịa Turkish, ebe ndị ọzọ enyewo Arabic ma ọ bụ Persian.<ref name="Şirvânî2005">{{Cite book|author=Muhammed bin Mahmûd-ı Şirvânî|title=15. yüzyıl Osmanlı mutfağı|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hc7gAAAAMAAJ|year=2005|publisher=Gökkubbe|isbn=978-975-6223-84-0}}</ref> N'etiti ndị ọzọ, onye ọkà mmụta asụsụ Sevan Nişanyan enyewo mmalite Arabic, n'akwụkwọ ya nke 2009 nke Turkish etymology, site na ġurayb ma ọ bụ ''ğarîb'' (nke dị iche).<ref>{{Cite book|first=Sevan|author=Nişanyan|title=Sözlerin soyağacı: çağdaş Türkçenin etimolojik sözlüğü|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9vtFAQAAIAAJ&q=kurabiye|publisher=Everest Yayınları|date=2009|isbn=9789752896369}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|first=Habeeb|author=Salloum|title=Sweet Delights from a Thousand and One Nights: The Story of Traditional Arab Sweets|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=if5fAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA128|pages=128|publisher=I.B.Tauris|date=25 June 2013|isbn=9780857733412}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, ka ọ na-erule 2019, akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu n'ịntanetị nke Nişanyan ugbu a na-enye ihe ndekọ mbụ a maara na Turkish dị ka ngwụcha narị afọ nke iri na asaa, nke sitere na ''gulābiya'' nke Persian, kuki e ji mmiri rose mee, site na gulāb, nke metụtara okooko osisi. Ọ na-ekwu na okwu Arabic nke Siria nwere ike isite na mbaTurkey.<ref>{{Cite web|accessdate=2019-01-04|first=Sevan|author=Nişanyan|title=Kurabiye|url=http://nisanyansozluk.com/?k=kurabiye|work=Nişanyan Sözlük}}</ref> == Mgbanwe mpaghara == === Algeria === Ghribia (Algerian Arabic)<ref>{{Cite book|author=Labourdette|first=Jean-Paul|date=2012|title=Alger 2012-2013|language=fr|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sXoryjEtySwC&pg=PA61|publisher=Petit Futé|isbn=9782746963771|accessdate=1 April 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Bellahsen|first=Fabien|title=Délices de Tunisie|language=fr|date=2005|publisher=EDL|location=Paris|isbn=2-84690-243-7}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Talhouas|first=Nathalie|title=Douceurs du Maghreb; Beyrouth : Albouraq|language=fr|date=2010|isbn=978-2-84161-485-1}}</ref> * Ghribia na almond * Ghribia na ahụekere * Ghribia na ukpa * Ghribia na pistachios === Armenia === Khourabia (Armenian) bụ nsụgharị Armenian mgbe ụfọdụ a na-akpọ ya n'asụsụ Bekee dị ka kuki bọta Armenia ma ọ bụ kuki achịcha mkpụmkpụ Armenia.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Rinsky|first=Glenn|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mZhyDwAAQBAJ&q=armenian+recipes+khourabia&pg=PA154|title=The Pastry Chef's Companion: A Comprehensive Resource Guide for the Baking and Pastry Professional|date=2008-02-28|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=978-0-470-00955-0|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-KDZAAAAMAAJ&q=armenian+recipes+khourabia|title=Armenians in America|date=1977|publisher=Armenian General Benevolent Union of America, Incorporated|language=en}}</ref> A na-eji ihe atọ eme Khourabia: bọta, shuga, na ntụ ọka ma na-adịkarị ka achịcha, ntị ọka wit, ma ọ bụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ ịnyịnya nke na-egosi ahụike, akụ na ụba, na ọganihu. A na-erikarị ya n'oge emume Ista, Krismas, na Afọ Ọhụrụ. Ka oge na-aga, a gbakwunyere ihe ndị ọzọ, dị ka àkwá, sinamọn, na ukpa. === Bulgaria === Kurabii aha nke nri ndị Bulgaria na ọtụtụ ụdị kuki, ụdị dị ụtọ a ma ama. Karịsịa n'oge ezumike, a na-akpọ ụdị jam dịgasị iche iche a na-emepụta site na afọ ọhụrụ na kuki shuga na-acha ntụ ntụ nke e ji ọdịdị mara mma chọọ mma maslenki. [Isiokwu dị mkpa] === Saịprọs na Gris === [[Usòrò:Kourabiedes_platter_2008_01_08.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Kourabiedes_platter_2008_01_08.jpg/220px-Kourabiedes_platter_2008_01_08.jpg|thumb|Kourabiedes]] [[Usòrò:Sugar_bun.JPG|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Sugar_bun.JPG/220px-Sugar_bun.JPG|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Ụdị dị iche iche nke Kourabiedes na Gris]] Nsụgharị Grik, nke a na-akpọ ''kourabiedes'' ma ọ bụ '''''kourabiethes''''' (Grik: κουρα 97/έδες; otutu nke kourabies κουρα 97/ti) yiri achịcha dị mkpirikpi, nke a-ejikarị almond eme.<ref name="Davidson 2014">{{Cite book|first=Alan|author=Davidson|title=The Oxford Companion to Food|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bIIeBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA348|publisher=OUP Oxford|date=21 August 2014|isbn=9780191040726}}</ref><ref name="Marks 2010">{{Cite book|first=Gil|author=Marks|title=Encyclopedia of Jewish Food|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gFK_yx7Ps7cC&pg=PT705|publisher=HMH|date=17 November 2010|isbn=9780544186316}}</ref> A na-eji brandy eme Kourabiedes mgbe ụfọdụ, ọ na-abụkarị Metaxa, maka ịnụ ụtọ, ọ bụ ezie na vanilla, mastika ma ọ bụ mmiri rose na-ewu ewu. N'ógbè ụfọdụ nke Gris, a na-eji otu clove zuru oke nke na-etinye na biskit ọ bụla chọọ kourabiedes Krismas mma.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Sam Sotiropoulos|url=http://greekgourmand.blogspot.com/2009/12/kourabiedes.html|title=Greek Food Recipes and Reflections, Toronto, Ontario, Canada|publisher=Greekgourmand.blogspot.com|date=2009-12-23|accessdate=2014-03-16}}</ref> A na-eme Kourabiedes ma ọ bụ na crescents ma ọ bụ bọọlụ, mgbe ahụ na-eme ya ruo mgbe ọ dịtụ ọla edo. A na-agbakarị ha na shuga ice mgbe ha ka na-ekpo ọkụ, na-emepụta ihe na-ekpuchi shuga na bọta.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://thursdayfordinner.com/2009/01/irenes-kourabiedes-greek-butter-cookies|title=Irene's Kourabiedes (Kourabiethes) (Greek Butter Cookies)|publisher=Thursdayfordinner.com|accessdate=2015-02-27}}</ref> Kourabiedes na-ewu ewu karịsịa maka oge pụrụ iche, dị ka Krismas ma ọ bụ baptizim. ọ bụ ezie na ha na-ewu eto n'afọ niile.<ref>{{Cite book|first=Christos|author=Sourligas|title=My Big Fat Greek Cookbook: Classic Mediterranean Soul Food Recipes|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z_eyDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA157|publisher=Simon and Schuster|date=22 October 2019|isbn=9781510749849}}</ref> Okwu Grik ''kourabiedes'' sitere na okwu Turkish ''kurabiye'', nke nwere njikọ na qurabiya, ezinụlọ kuki nke Middle East.<ref>Georgios Babiniotis, ''[[Dictionary of Modern Greek]]'', ''s.v.''</ref> === Iran === [[Usòrò:Ghorabiyeh.JPG|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Ghorabiyeh.JPG/220px-Ghorabiyeh.JPG|thumb|''Qurbiye'' nke Iran si Tabriz]] Na Tabriz, a na-eji ntụ ọka almọnd, shuga, ọcha àkwá, vanilla, margarine na pistachio eme ha. A na-enye ya tii, nke a na-etinye n'elu tii iji mee ka ọ dị nro tupu a rie ya. [citation needed] [[Usòrò:A_Box_of_Qurabiya_by_Nobari_Confectionary_(Tehran,_Iran).jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/A_Box_of_Qurabiya_by_Nobari_Confectionary_%28Tehran%2C_Iran%29.jpg/240px-A_Box_of_Qurabiya_by_Nobari_Confectionary_%28Tehran%2C_Iran%29.jpg|thumb|240x240px|Igbe Qurabiya nke Nobari Confectionary (Tehran, Iran)]] === Kuwait === Ụdị dị iche iche gụnyere:<ref>{{Cite book|author=Jacob|first=Jeanne|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GmqEAwAAQBAJ&q=ghuraiba+kuwait+cookies&pg=PA738|title=The World Cookbook: The Greatest Recipes from Around the Globe|year=2014|edition=2nd|pages=738|isbn=9781610694698}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=حوليات الآداب والعلوم الاجتماعية|journal=مجلس النشر العلمي، جامعة الكويت|volume=Issues 317-321|pages=118}}</ref> * Ghoriba na Cardamom * Ghoriba na pistachio * Ghoriba na saffron === Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ === * Ghoriba na pistachio * Ghoriba na mmiri Rose === Libya === Ghraïba Libyan ntuari arabic * Ghoriba na ahụekere * Ghoriba na almọnd * Ghoriba na ukpa === Morocco === Ghoriba (Moroccan Arabic: غْرِيبَة) na Morocco na akụkụ ndị ọzọ nke Maghreb, kuki ndị a ma ama na-ejikarị semolina kama ntụ ọka ọcha, na-enye ihe pụrụ iche.<ref name="Davidson 2014">{{Cite book|first=Alan|author=Davidson|title=The Oxford Companion to Food|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bIIeBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA348|publisher=OUP Oxford|date=21 August 2014|isbn=9780191040726}}</ref><ref name="Marks 2010">{{Cite book|first=Gil|author=Marks|title=Encyclopedia of Jewish Food|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gFK_yx7Ps7cC&pg=PT705|publisher=HMH|date=17 November 2010|isbn=9780544186316}}</ref> A na-eji ntụ ọka eme Ghriba mbụ ma tinye ya na oroma ma ọ bụ oroma zest na sinamọn, a na-ejikarị ihe ụtọ a eme oriri, tinyere tii mint ma ọ bụ kọfị.<ref>{{Cite web|title=15 favorite Moroccan culinary specialties|url=https://www.mortraveling.com/2022/04/15-favorite-moroccan-culinary.html|accessdate=2022-04-19|language=en-US}}</ref> * Mlouwza, nke e ji almọnd na shuga mee na mmiri oroma na-atọ ụtọ * Ghoriba bahla * Ghoriba dyal zite * Ghoriba mramla === Turkiye === [[Usòrò:Acibadem_Kurabiyesi.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Acibadem_Kurabiyesi.jpg/220px-Acibadem_Kurabiyesi.jpg|thumb|Acıbadem kurabiyesi]] A na-eji okwu kurabiye eme ihe iji zoo aka na biskit dịgasị iche iche na Turkiye, ọ bụghị nke obodo, ''ọ'' bụ ezie na a na-eme ụdị ''kurabiye'' dị iche iche; gụnyere necessitatbadem kurabiyesi na un ''kurabiyesi''. === Tunisia === Ghraïba (Tunisian Arabic) * Ghraïba bidha, nke e ji ntụ ọka wit mee * Ghraïba droô, nke e ji ntụ ọka sorghum mee * Ghraïba homs, nke e ji ntụ ọka chickpea mee == Hụkwa ==   * kuki almond * Polvorón * Hallongrotta * Ndepụta nri almond * Ndepụta biskit na kuki * Ihe osise * Şekerpare * Otu kurabiyesi * Osmania Bisikiiti * Bọmbụ İzmir Kurabiye * Kavala Almond Cookies * Murabbalı mecidiye == Ebensidee == <references group="" responsive="1"></references> == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://allrecipes.co.uk/recipe/6373/kourambiedes--greek-christmas-biscuits-.aspx Kourambiedes (Bisikiti Krismas nke Gris)] {{Cuisine of Bulgaria}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 6a31xknub1ac5o1v9wzk53ognoclzpn 0 18989 85917 2022-07-30T16:24:21Z Jerrydestiny 13027 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1096357504|Gazelle ankles]]" wikitext text/x-wiki   Akpịrịkpa Gazelle (nke a sụgharịrị site na Arabic, nke a makwaara na mba French dị ka cornes de gazelle, "''mpi'' gazelle") bụ kuki ọdịnala nke onwunwa anyanwu nke Afrịka.<ref> Alain Jaouhari, (2005), Marruecos: la cocina de mi madre, Primera edición. Intermón Oxfan, Pág. 172 </ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WpHFCQAAQBAJ&dq=Cornes+de+gazelles+amandes&pg=PT105|title=La cuisine de l'Algérie|isbn=9782012311763|author=Hal|first=Fatéma|date=23 March 2011}}</ref> Ha bụ kuki dị ka nke a na-eme site na ntụ ọka nke jupụtara na almond paste nke e ji mmiri oroma na-esi ísì ụtọ mee. Okpu nkwonkwo ụkwụ nke Gazelle dị oke ọnụ n'ihi iji almond dị ka ihe eji eme ya, ya mere a na-enye ya dị ka ihe dị ụtọ na ihe omume pụrụ iche dị ka agbamakwụkwọ na ịsa nwa, mgbe mgbe na tii.   == Ihe ndị e ji mee ya == Ihe ndị dị mkpa na nkwonkwo ụkwụ gazelle: * almond * mmiri oroma na-acha odo odo * ntụ ọka * [[Ńnú odẹne|shuga]] * butter * sinamọn == Ebensidee == <references /> cng76hf4uswk674sfoprqo7wo067a0u 0 18990 85932 2022-07-30T21:21:30Z Jerrydestiny 13027 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1100754846|Dolma]]" wikitext text/x-wiki   {| class="infobox hrecipe adr" |+ class="infobox-title fn" id="4" |<span>Dolma</span> | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Speca_te_mbushura_me_mish.JPG|250x250px]]<div class="infobox-caption" style="padding-bottom:0.25em;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;">Whole stuffed pepper and tomato dolma</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;" |Course | class="infobox-data" |Appetizer or main dish |- class="note" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;" |Region or state | class="infobox-data region" |[[Eastern Mediterranean]], [[Levant]], [[Anatolia]], [[Caucasus]], [[Mesopotamia]], [[Iran]], [[Central Asia]], [[Maghreb]]<ref name="davidson"><cite class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFDavidson"><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="303">Davidson, Alan. </span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="304">''The Oxford Companion to Food''. p.&nbsp;258.</span></cite></ref> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;" |Serving temperature | class="infobox-data" |Hot or room temperature |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;" |Main ingredients | class="infobox-data ingredient" |Varies |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;" |Variations | class="infobox-data" |vegetables, seafood, fruit, offal |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding-top:0.25em;" |<div class="plainlist"> * [[File:Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg|alt=|class=noviewer|16x16px]] [[wikibooks:Special:Search/Cookbook: Dolma|Cookbook: Dolma]] * &nbsp;[[File:Commons-logo.svg|alt=|class=noviewer|16x16px]] [[c:Category:Dolma|Media&#x3A; Dolma]] </div> |}   '''Dolma''' bụ ezinụlọ nke nri ndị a na-etinye na nri ndị Ottoman, na nke a na-ahụkarị na nri mba nke oge a nke mpaghara na mba ndị bụbu akụkụ nke Alaeze Ukwu Ottoman.<ref name="davidson"><cite class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFDavidson"><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="303">Davidson, Alan. </span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="304">''The Oxford Companion to Food''. p.&nbsp;258.</span></cite></ref> A na-eji akwụkwọ nri, mkpụrụ osisi, anụ ma ọ bụ ihe oriri mmiri eme ụdị dolma ụfọdụ, ebe a na-eme ndị ọzọ site na ikpuchi mkpụrụ vaịn, kabeji, ma ọ bụ akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ gburugburu ihe a na-etinye. A maara dolma a na-ekpuchi ekpuchi dị ka ''sarma''. Enwere ike inye ha ọkụ ma ọ bụ na okpomọkụ ụlọ. == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == Nri akwụkwọ nri a na-etinye na ya abụwo akụkụ nke nri Middle East ruo ọtụtụ narị afọ.<ref name="tuttle">{{Cite book|publisher=Tuttle Publishing|isbn=978-1-4629-0524-9|author=Salloum|first=Habeeb|title=Arabian Nights Cookbook: From Lamb Kebabs to Baba Ghanouj, Delicious Homestyle Arabian Cooking|date=2012-02-28}}</ref> A chọtawo usoro nri maka osisi ákwà na-etinye n'ime akwụkwọ nri Arabic nke oge ochie, na nri ndị Gris oge ochie, a na-akpọ akwụkwọ fig e ji cheese na-atọ ụtọ mee ka ọ bụrụ thrion.<ref name="OUP">{{Cite book|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-967733-7|author=Perry|first=Charles Perry|title=The Oxford Companion to Food|chapter=Dolma|accessdate=2018-06-29|date=2014-11-20|chapterurl=http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199677337.001.0001/acref-9780199677337-e-0793}}</ref> Okwu dolma, nke sitere na Turkish, pụtara "ihe jupụtara" ma ọ bụ "jupụtara".<ref>{{Cite book|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-964024-9|author=Ayto|first=John|title=The Diner's Dictionary|chapter=Dolmades|accessdate=2018-06-29|date=2013|chapterurl=http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199640249.001.0001/acref-9780199640249-e-421}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Dolma|work=Merriam Webster|url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/dolma}}</ref> N'ime ụfọdụ n'ime mba ndị bụbu Ottoman, a na-ejigide aha ala ma ọ bụ jikọta ya na okwu asụsụ Turkish, dịka ọmụmaatụ, na steeti Arab nke Persian Gulf na Damascus, a na'akpọ akwụkwọ ndị a na-etinye na ''mahshi yabraq'' ma ọ bụ ''mahshi brag'', ngwakọta nke okwu Turkish maka akwụkwọ (''yaprak'') na okwu Arabic maka ihe a na-emepụta (''mahshi'').<ref>{{Cite book|author=Davidson|first=Alan|title=Oxford Companion to Food|date=1999}}</ref> E dekọrọ ọtụtụ usoro nri dolma na narị afọ nke 19 na Iran site n'aka onye isi nri Naser al-Din Shah Qajar, gụnyere akwụkwọ osisi vaịn, akwụkwọ cabbage, kukumba, osisi ákwà, apụl, na quinces, yana ihe dịgasị iche iche e ji anụ a gwakọtara, akwụkwọ mint, osikapa na saffron. Ezinụlọ ndị Juu Iraqi nwere ụdị dolma nwere ụtọ na-atọ ụtọ nke na-adịghị na nsụgharị ndị ọzọ.<ref>{{Cite book|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-317-38321-5|author=Meri|first=Josef|title=The Routledge Handbook of Muslim-Jewish Relations|date=2016-06-23}}</ref> Dolma bụkwa akụkụ nke nri nke ndị Juu Sephardic.<ref>{{Cite book|publisher=Cengage Learning|isbn=978-0-538-73497-4|author=Kittler|first=Pamela Goyan|title=Food and Culture|date=2011-08-22}}</ref> Ndị Juu nọ n'Alaeze Ukwu Ottoman jiri akwụkwọ vaịn a na-akụ n'ógbè ahụ ma nabata aha Turkish nke nri ahụ.<ref name="jta">{{Cite web|title=The Jews, stuffed cabbage and Simchat Torah|work=Jewish Telegraphic Agency|accessdate=2018-06-30|date=2012-10-07|url=https://www.jta.org/2012/10/07/life-religion/the-jews-stuffed-cabbage-and-simchat-torah|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171110063130/https://www.jta.org/2012/10/07/life-religion/the-jews-stuffed-cabbage-and-simchat-torah|archivedate=2017-11-10}}</ref> N'oge ọnwa oyi, cabbage bụ nri bụ isi maka ndị ọrụ ugbo na Peasia na Alaeze Ukwu Ottoman, ọ gbasakwara na Balkans. ''Ndị'' Juu nọ n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Europe kwadebere ụdị dị iche iche nke mpịakọta cabbage na nri kosher meatīthis a na-akpọ ''golubtsy'' na Russian, ''holubtsi'' na Ukrainian, ''gołąbki'' na Polish na holishkes na Yiddish. Ebe ọ bụ na anụ dị oke ọnụ, a na-agwakọta osikapa na anụ mgbe ụfọdụ. Ndị Juu nọ na Europe na-eji oge ụfọdụ dochie ọka bali, achịcha ma ọ bụ kasha (barley porridge) maka osikapa.<ref name="jta">{{Cite web|title=The Jews, stuffed cabbage and Simchat Torah|work=Jewish Telegraphic Agency|accessdate=2018-06-30|date=2012-10-07|url=https://www.jta.org/2012/10/07/life-religion/the-jews-stuffed-cabbage-and-simchat-torah|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171110063130/https://www.jta.org/2012/10/07/life-religion/the-jews-stuffed-cabbage-and-simchat-torah|archivedate=2017-11-10}}</ref> Na Persian Gulf, a na-ahọrọ osikapa basmati, a pụkwara ime ka ụtọ nke ihe a na-etinye n'ime ya dịkwuo mma site na iji tomato, yabasị na cumin.<ref name="tuttle">{{Cite book|publisher=Tuttle Publishing|isbn=978-1-4629-0524-9|author=Salloum|first=Habeeb|title=Arabian Nights Cookbook: From Lamb Kebabs to Baba Ghanouj, Delicious Homestyle Arabian Cooking|date=2012-02-28}}</ref> Akwụkwọ mpịakọta cabbage batara na nri Swedish (ebe a maara ha dị ka ''kåldolmar'') mgbe Charles nke Iri na Abụọ, nke ndị Russia meriri n'agha nke Poltava, laghachiri Sweden na 1715 ya na ndị Turkish na-akwụ ụgwọ ya na ndị na-esi nri ha.<ref name="OUP">{{Cite book|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-967733-7|author=Perry|first=Charles Perry|title=The Oxford Companion to Food|chapter=Dolma|accessdate=2018-06-29|date=2014-11-20|chapterurl=http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199677337.001.0001/acref-9780199677337-e-0793}}</ref> == Nkesa == A na-ahụ nri Dolma na Balkan, Caucasian, Middle East, North Africa, Mesopotamian, Persian, Israel, Bengali, Swedish, Turkish, Maghrebi na nri Central Asia.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Janes|first=Lauren|date=2014|title=Curiosité gastronomique et cuisine exotique dans l'entre-deux-guerres: Une histoire de goût et de dégoût|url=http://www.cairn.info/revue-vingtieme-siecle-revue-d-histoire-2014-3-page-69.htm|journal=Vingtième Siècle. Revue d'histoire|language=fr|volume=123|issue=3|pages=69|doi=10.3917/vin.123.0069|issn=0294-1759}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|date=1934|title=Aubergines à l'algérienne|journal=Le Pot-au-feu|pages=245}}</ref><ref name="davidson"><cite class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFDavidson"><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="303">Davidson, Alan. </span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="304">''The Oxford Companion to Food''. p.&nbsp;258.</span></cite></ref> N'afọ 2017, a gụnyere ime dolma na [[Azerbaijan]] na UNESCO emeghị eme ndepụta nkwado omenala. [[Usòrò:Yalancı_dolmas.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Yalanc%C4%B1_dolmas.jpg/220px-Yalanc%C4%B1_dolmas.jpg|thumb|Osikapa na zucchini a na-etinye n'ime ya]] == Ụdị dị iche iche == E nwere ọtụtụ ụdị ''zeytinyağlı'' (nke nwere mmanụ oliv) na Niolayağlı (ya na bọta doro anya) ''dolmas''. A na-ejikarị osikapa jupụta na dolmas ''zeytinyağlı'' ma jiri galik-yogurt mee ihe na-ajụ oyi, mana a na-enye ụdị dị iche iche na anụ na-ekpo ọkụ, mgbe mgbe na tahini ma ọ bụ avgolemono sauce.<ref>{{Cite book|publisher=Milliken Publishing Company|isbn=978-1-4291-2261-0|author=Kopka|first=Deborah|title=Passport Series: Middle East|date=2011-09-01}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|publisher=HMH|isbn=978-0-544-18631-6|author=Marks|first=Gil|title=Encyclopedia of Jewish Food|date=2010-11-17|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gFK_yx7Ps7cC&pg=PT746}}</ref> === Akwụkwọ osisi vaịn e tinyere n'ime ya ===   [[Usòrò:Etli_yaprak_sarma_-_yogurt.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Etli_yaprak_sarma_-_yogurt.jpg/220px-Etli_yaprak_sarma_-_yogurt.jpg|thumb|A na-etinye akwụkwọ osisi vaịn e ji yogọt mee]] A maghị mmalite nke akwụkwọ osisi vaịn a na-etinye n'ime ya. Enwere ike iji anụ ma ọ bụ ọka mee ha, ma jiri yogọt galik, ma ọ bụ ofe na-atọ ụtọ ma na-esi ísì ụtọ nke e ji pomegranate syrup na cherries na-esi ụtọ mee. A maara ha dị ka ''dolmeh'' na Iran, ''dolmades'' na Gris, ''tolma'' na Armenia, ''yarpaq dolması'' na Azerbaijan na ''yebra'' na Syria.<ref>{{Cite book|author=King|first=David C.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NCez3ZuV3NoC&dq=yarpaq+dolmasi+azerbaijan&pg=PA120|title=Azerbaijan|date=2006|publisher=Marshall Cavendish|isbn=978-0-7614-2011-8|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|publisher=Houghton Mifflin Harcourt|isbn=978-0-544-18750-4|author=Marks|first=Gil|title=Olive Trees and Honey: A Treasury of Vegetarian Recipes from Jewish Communities Around the World|date=2008-03-11}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|publisher=HMH|isbn=978-0-544-18631-6|author=Marks|first=Gil|title=Encyclopedia of Jewish Food|date=2010-11-17}}</ref> Ndị Ijipt na-akpọ nri a mahshi (nke a na-akpọkwa mashi ma ọ bụ mashy). mana n'ọdịnala, a na-eji cabbage eme ihe n'oge oyi ma na-eji akwụkwọ osisi vaịn eme ihe n"oge ọkọchị.<ref name="Beaumont2008">{{Cite book|author=Hervé Beaumont|title=Egypte|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kbDPD_wIjqIC&pg=PA36|year=2008|publisher=Editions Marcus|language=fr|isbn=978-2-7131-0269-1|pages=36–}}</ref><ref name="Humphreys1998">{{Cite book|author=Andrew Humphreys|title=Cairo|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eLsUAQAAIAAJ|year=1998|publisher=Lonely Planet|isbn=978-0-86442-548-5}}</ref> A na-enye akwụkwọ osisi vaịn na-enweghị anụ ọ bụla, nke a na-akpọ ''yalancı dolma'' na Turkish, na okpomọkụ ime ụlọ. === Ihe osise cabbage ===   Na nri ndị Peshia, basuts dolma bụ efere nke rọba a na-etinye agwa na mkpụrụ osisi tart. A na-ekpuchi ya na akwụkwọ cabbage, ma tinye ya na agwa na-acha ọbara ọbara, agwa garbanzo, lentils, ọka wit gbawara agbawa, tomato paste, yabasị na ọtụtụ ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ na ihe na-atọ ụtọ. A na-akpọ mpịakọta cabbage Pasuts tolma (ասպուց տոլմա) (Lenten dolma) n'asụsụ Armenian ebe ha nwere mkpụrụ asaa dị iche iche ♡ chickpea, bean, lentil, ọka wit gbawara agbawa, pea, osikapa na ọka. [citation needed] Ndị na-esi nri Armenia na-eji mgbe ụfọdụ rose hip syrup iji mee ka mpịakịrị cabbage jupụtara na ụtọ.<ref name="duguid">{{Cite book|publisher=Artisan Books|isbn=978-1-57965-727-7|author=Duguid|first=Naomi|title=Taste of Persia: A Cook's Travels Through Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Iran, and Kurdistan|date=2016-09-06}}</ref> Mpịakọta cabbage a makwaara dị ka ''kalam dolmasi'' na Azerbaijan<ref>{{Cite book|author=King|first=David C.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NCez3ZuV3NoC&dq=yarpaq+dolmasi+azerbaijan&pg=PA120|title=Azerbaijan|date=2006|publisher=Marshall Cavendish|isbn=978-0-7614-2011-8|language=en}}</ref> === Akwụkwọ Nri === ''Mülebbes dolma'' bụ usoro nri akụkọ ihe mere eme sitere n'oge Ottoman.<ref>{{Cite book|publisher=Pusula Yayıncılık|title=Virgül|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oJIPAQAAMAAJ|date=2007}}</ref> ''Halep dolması'' a na-akpọ maka Aleppo bụ nri a na-etinye Mputu ákwà na anụ na osikapa jupụtara na ya nke a na-eme ka ọ na-esi ísì ụtọ ma ọ bụ ihe na-esi ụtọ ma ọ bụrụ mmiri oroma. ''Şalgam dolma'' bụ turnips jupụtara na Russia.<ref>{{Cite book|publisher=Kültür Bakanlığı|isbn=978-975-7306-06-1|author=Vakfı|first=Türkiye Ekonomik ve Toplumsal Tarih|title=Dünden bugüne İstanbul ansiklopedisi|date=1994}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|publisher=T.C. Kültür Bakanlığı|isbn=978-975-17-2180-8|author=Erdoğdu|first=Şeref|title=Ankaram|date=1999}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|publisher=Halk Kültürünü Araştırma Dairesi|title=Turkish folk culture researches|date=1990}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|isbn=978-975-470-998-8|author=Zat|first=Vefa|title=Eski İstanbul meyhaneleri|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kvuBAAAAMAAJ|date=2002}}</ref> [[Usòrò:Sogan-dolma.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Sogan-dolma.jpg/220px-Sogan-dolma.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb|'''Soğan dolması''' ma ọ bụ yabasị a na-etinye n'ime]] ''Soğan dolması'' ("soğan" nke pụtara "onion" na Turkish), ma ọ bụ yabasị a na-etinye n'ime ya, bụ nri ọdịnala na [[Bosnia na Herzegovina|Bosnia]], nke a na-ewere dị ka ihe pụrụ iche nke Mostar. Ihe ndị a na-etinye na ya gụnyere yabasị, anụ ehi a mịrị amị, [[Oskàpà|osikapa]], mmanụ, tomato purée, paprika, vinegar ma ọ bụ mmiri ara ehi, yogọt a na-akpọ (nke a maara n'ógbè ahụ dị ka ''kiselo mlijeko'', nke pụtara "mmiri ara ehi"), ose ojii, [[Ńnú|nnu]] na ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ. Mgbe ewepụchara akpụkpọ yabasị, a na-eji nnukwu, mpụga, akwa (akwụkwọ) nke bulbs yabasị dị ka akpa, nke a na-akpọ "shirts" (Old Turk. "dolama(n) maka ụdị uwe Ottoman pụrụ iche) [citation needed] maka itinye anụ. A na-ejikwa akụkụ fọdụrụnụ nke yabasị, gwakọta ya na anụ ma sie ya na mmanụ maka nkeji ole na ole, iji nweta ntọala nke ihe ahụ. Iji wepụ "ùwé" dị iche iche, a na-ebipụ bulbs niile n'elu wee sie ya ruo mgbe ọ dị nro iji wepụ ya, okpukpu site na okpukpu. Iji gbochie ịdị nro na ịda mbà, a ga-eme ka bulbs dị ọcha. A na-ewepụ "shirts" site na bulbs site na nrụgide mkpịsị aka dị nwayọ na nke dị nro. A na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ sie "shirts" ("dolme") jupụtara na broth. Ọnọdụ mmiri kwesịrị ezu iji kpuchie dolmas kpamkpam. A na-ejikarị yogọt siri ike eme Sogan-dolma. ''Enginar dolması'' bụ obi artichoke zuru oke. Enwere ike itinye ha osikapa ma ọ bụ anụ a gwakọtara agwakọta nke e siri n'ime tomato sauce na ose aleppo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=İzmir Usulü Enginar Dolması|work=Sabah|accessdate=2018-06-29|url=https://www.sabah.com.tr/sofra/tarifler/sebze-yemekleri/izmir-usulu-enginar-dolmasi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Kıymalı enginar dolması tarifi|work=Mıllıyet Haber - Türkıye'nın Haber Sıtesı|accessdate=2018-06-29|url=http://www.milliyet.com.tr/kiymali-enginar-dolmasi-tarifi-pembenar-detay-zeytinyaglilarsebzeler-2215244/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180629211650/http://www.milliyet.com.tr/kiymali-enginar-dolmasi-tarifi-pembenar-detay-zeytinyaglilarsebzeler-2215244/|archivedate=2018-06-29}}</ref> Enwere ike iji mgbọrọgwụ Celery dochie anya artichoke.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kereviz Dolması tarifi (Bursa) - Haber - Mutfağım|work=Kanal D|date=31 October 2012|accessdate=2018-06-30|url=https://www.kanald.com.tr/mutfagim/haberler/kereviz-dolmasi-tarifi-bursa/38302.aspx|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180630080734/https://www.kanald.com.tr/mutfagim/haberler/kereviz-dolmasi-tarifi-bursa/38302.aspx|archivedate=2018-06-30}}</ref> Otu mpaghara pụrụ iche sitere na Mardin bụ efere dolma agwakọta. A na-ebu ụzọ jiri okpokoro yabasị, akwụkwọ osisi vaịn, na cabbage kpuchie osikapa na-atọ ụtọ nke a na-etinye na sumac na Urfa. A na-eji osikapa fọdụrụ na ya emeju osisi ákwà, zucchini, na ihe na-eme ka ose jupụta. A na-agbakwunye dolma yabasị a na-ekpuchi n'ala nke ite nri miri emi na akwụkwọ nri, akwụkwọ cabbage, na akwụkwọ osisi vaịn a na-etinye n'elu dolmas yabasị. A na-esi ite dolmas dum na mmiri na-atọ ụtọ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Zeytinyağlı Sumaklı Karışık Dolma tarifi - Haber - Mutfağım|work=Kanal D|date=5 April 2013|accessdate=2018-06-30|url=https://www.kanald.com.tr/mutfagim/haberler/zeytinyagli-sumakli-karisik-dolma-tarifi/44180.aspx|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180630213951/https://www.kanald.com.tr/mutfagim/haberler/zeytinyagli-sumakli-karisik-dolma-tarifi/44180.aspx|archivedate=2018-06-30}}</ref> === Nri Oké Osimiri === E nwekwara ụdị nri mmiri nke dolma. A na-etinye mussels ma ọ bụ Midye dolma na osikapa, yabasị, ose ojii na pimento spice A na-eji cheese Halloumi, yabasị, achịcha, galik na parsley eme ihe maka ''kalamar dolma'' (calamari jupụtara). A na-etinye ihe mgbagwoju anya ahụ dum ma sie ya na bọta, mmanụ oliv na tomato sauce. Maka ọdịiche ọzọ, enwere ike itinye obere squid na bulgur na ngwakọta ahịhịa ọhụrụ ma sie ya n'ọkụ.<ref name="basan">{{Cite book|publisher=Macmillan|isbn=978-0-312-15617-6|author=Basan|first=Ghillie|title=Classic Turkish Cooking|date=1997-04-15}}</ref> ''Uskumru dolma'' (mackerel) bụ nri dị mkpa nke Istanbul. A na-ele nsụgharị nke ndị na-esi nri Armenia kwadebere anya nke ọma. Mgbe a kwadebere azụ ahụ site n'iji nlezianya kewaa akpụkpọ ahụ na anụ ahụ, a na-etinye ya na yabasị, currants, apricots a mịrị amị, almonds, osisi hazel, osisi pine, ukpa , cinnamon, cloves, allspice, ginger, ahịhịa ọhụrụ na mmiri oroma. A na-etinye ngwakọta ahụ dum n'ime akpụkpọ ahụ dum. A na-emezi mackerel a na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe a na-akpọ ma ọ bụ nke a na-esi n'ọkụ ogologo oge iji mee ka akpụkpọ ahụ na-acha nchara nchara.<ref name="basan">{{Cite book|publisher=Macmillan|isbn=978-0-312-15617-6|author=Basan|first=Ghillie|title=Classic Turkish Cooking|date=1997-04-15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=YAŞİN|first=Mehmet|title=Uskumru mu kolyoz mu?|accessdate=2018-06-29|url=http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/yazarlar/mehmet-yasin/uskumru-mu-kolyoz-mu-40573999|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171101212943/http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/yazarlar/mehmet-yasin/uskumru-mu-kolyoz-mu-40573999|archivedate=2017-11-01}}</ref> Enwere ike itinye azu (''sardalya'') na cheese kashar, tomato, yabasị, dill na parsley.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sardalya Dolma|work=Sabah|accessdate=2018-06-30|url=https://www.sabah.com.tr/sofra/tarifler/deniz-urunleri/sardalya-dolma-20131025}}</ref> Na Turkey, enwere ike inye sardines a na-etinye n'ime ya dị ka efere mezze na ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ ọdịnala a na-akpọ ''meyhane''.<ref>{{Cite book|publisher=Overteam Yayınları|isbn=978-605-5058-11-1|author=Zat|first=Erdir|title=Türkiye Meyhaneler Rehberi: Türkiye Meyhaneler Rehberi|date=2014}}</ref> === Offal === E nwere ọtụtụ ụdị dolma e ji akpụkpọ anụ mee. ''Dalak dolması'', nke a na-ewere n'ọtụtụ ebe dị ka nri dị ụtọ nke sitere na Armenia, bụ spleen jupụtara na osikapa nke ejirila allspice, nnu, ose, mint, parsley na yabasị mee ka ọ dị ụtọ. Enwere ike inye ya na mmanya na-atọ ụtọ nke a na-akpọ Oghi.<ref>{{Cite book|publisher=Overteam Yayınları|isbn=978-605-5058-00-5|author=Kesmez|first=Melisa|title=Rakı Cep Ansiklopedisi: Rakı Cep Ansiklopedisi|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tvBUDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA26}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|publisher=Overteam Yayınları|isbn=978-605-5058-11-1|author=Zat|first=Erdir|title=Türkiye Meyhaneler Rehberi: Türkiye Meyhaneler Rehberi|date=2014|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OElVDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA109}}</ref> ''Mumbar'' ''dolma'' bụ eriri afọ nke e ji ngwakọta mmiri nke anụ, osikapa, ose, cumin na nnu. A na-esizi eriri afọ ahụ n'ime mmiri ruo mgbe a siri ya nke ọma, mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, enwere ike ịkpụ ya ma sie ya na bọta tupu a na-enye ya.<ref>{{Cite book|publisher=Ş.T. Kaptan|author=Kaptan|first=Şükrü Tekin|title=Denizli'nin halk kültürü ürünleri: bölgesel folklor karakterleri|date=1988}}</ref> === Dolmas ndị sitere na mkpụrụ osisi === E nwere ụfọdụ dolmas ndị sitere na mkpụrụ osisi dịka ''şekerli ayva dolması'' (nke a na-etinye na osikapa na currant, nke e ji coriander, cinnamon na shuga mee) na ''pekmezli ayva Dolması'' (anụ na bulgur nke e ji quince mee nke e ji sirop,ọdịnala Turkish mee, nke yiri molasses, nke a na-akpọ pekmez).<ref>{{Cite book|publisher=Kitabevi|author=Üçer|first=Müjgân|title=Anamın aşı tandırın başı: Sivas mutfağ̮ı : il merkezi ve ilçe yemekleri : gelenek, görenek, inançlar ve sözlü kültür|date=2006}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|publisher=Birlik Matbaacılık|isbn=978-975-95216-5-3|author=Toygar|first=Kâmil|title=Ankara'da bağcılık ve bağ kültürü|date=2005}}</ref> ''Pekmez'' bụkwa ihe mejupụtara n'ụdị anụ nke ''elma dolması'' (apụl a na-etinye n'ime ya) na ''sarı erık dolması'' (plum na-acha odo odo).<ref>{{Cite book|title=Taste: Proceedings of the Oxford Symposium on Food and Cookery|isbn=9780907325390|accessdate=2018-06-29|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Lp-YVQ_S82QC|author=Jaine|first=Tom|year=1988}}</ref> Ndị Azerbaijan nke Iran na ndị Juu nke Persia nwere ike inye nri iri na ise, nke a na-akpọ dolma bay, dị ka nri izu ike ma ọ bụ n'oge Sukkot.<ref>{{Cite book|publisher=Simon and Schuster|isbn=978-0-684-83559-4|author=Marks|first=Gil|title=The: World of Jewish Cooking|date=1999-09-02}}</ref> A na-eji ubu nwa atụrụ dị elu a na-akpọ খাৰুৱা, nwa atụrụ, na osikapa eme otu ihe maka apụl a na-etinye n'ime apụl. A na-esi mkpụrụ vaịn ojii mbụ na sumac na-esi mmiri vaịn na-atọ ụtọ ma debe ya. A na-esi nwa atụrụ a na-esi nri n'ime mmiri vaịn a na-atọ ụtọ. A na-etinye apụl ahụ na ngwakọta nke nwa atụrụ a gwakọtara agwakọta ya na osikapa, nnu, ose ma tinye ya n'ime ite n'elu iberibe nri a siri esi. A na-esi apụl ahụ n'ime mmiri mkpụrụ vaịn na-atọ ụtọ nke sumac fọdụrụnụ. A na-agbakwunye apricots a mịrị amị na almond ndị a mịrị apụl n'ime ite ahụ na njedebe nke usoro isi nri.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Terkib-i Tuffahiyye (Elma Dolması)|work=Sabah|accessdate=2018-06-30|url=https://www.sabah.com.tr/sofra/tarifler/et-yemekleri/terkibi-tuffahiyye-elma-dolmasi|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180630140423/https://www.sabah.com.tr/sofra/tarifler/et-yemekleri/terkibi-tuffahiyye-elma-dolmasi|archivedate=2018-06-30}}</ref> A na-eme ụdị anụ na-enweghị anụ nke ihe a na-etinye site na ngwakọta apụl, pears, ukpa, hazelnut, currants, cinnamon, cloves, na star anise. A na-etinye apụl ndị a gbahapụrụ agbapụta na ngwakọta ahụ ma sie ha n'ọkụ. Enwere ike iji shuga ntụ chọọ ụdị a mma.<ref>{{Cite web|title=İçi Dolu Fıçıcık: Elma Dolması|work=Migros|accessdate=2018-06-30|url=https://migrostv.migros.com.tr/neler-oluyor/yemek/elma-dolmasi/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180630140423/https://migrostv.migros.com.tr/neler-oluyor/yemek/elma-dolmasi/|archivedate=2018-06-30}}</ref> Egwusi a na-etinye n'ime ya bụ akụkụ nke nri ndị Ottoman. Nchịkọta ahụ ka dị na nri Yemenite na Armenian nke oge a.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Lovegren|first=Sylvia|title=Melon: A Global History|date=15 April 2016|isbn=9781780236186|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0ZmRDQAAQBAJ&dq=dolma+ottoman+cuisine&pg=PT59}}</ref> == Ememe okpukpe na omenala == Ọ bụ omenala maka ezinụlọ ndị Juu iri choux na ''Simchat Torah''.<ref name="jta">{{Cite web|title=The Jews, stuffed cabbage and Simchat Torah|work=Jewish Telegraphic Agency|accessdate=2018-06-30|date=2012-10-07|url=https://www.jta.org/2012/10/07/life-religion/the-jews-stuffed-cabbage-and-simchat-torah|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171110063130/https://www.jta.org/2012/10/07/life-religion/the-jews-stuffed-cabbage-and-simchat-torah|archivedate=2017-11-10}}</ref> Ndị Asiria na-akwadebe dolmas na-enweghị anụ maka Lent.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Albala|first=Ken|title=Food Cultures of the World Encyclopedia|publisher=ABC-CLIO|year=2011|isbn=9781449618117|quote=}}</ref> Mgbe enweghị ihe ọdịnala, ndị Armenia kiristian na West Bengal na-eme emume Krismas na ''potoler dorma'', ọdịiche dị n'ógbè site na nri Anglo-Indian.<ref>{{Cite web|title=It's Christmas in January for Armenians - Times of India|work=The Times of India|accessdate=2018-08-13|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/its-christmas-in-jan-for-armenians/articleshow/56381242.cms}}</ref> Akwụkwọ nri a na-akpọ gemista ma ọ bụ ''tsounidis'' bụkwa ihe a na-ahụkarị na nri ndị Gris.<ref name="OUP">{{Cite book|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-967733-7|author=Perry|first=Charles Perry|title=The Oxford Companion to Food|chapter=Dolma|accessdate=2018-06-29|date=2014-11-20|chapterurl=http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199677337.001.0001/acref-9780199677337-e-0793}}</ref> Ezinụlọ ndị Alakụba na-enyekarị dolma dị ka akụkụ nke nri ''iftar'' n'oge Ramadan na n'oge mmemme Eid al-Fitr nke na-egosi njedebe nke ọnwa nsọ. A na-akwadebe nnukwu ite dolma n'oge mmemme Novruz.<ref>{{Cite book|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-0-313-37626-9|author=Albala|first=Ken|title=Food Cultures of the World Encyclopedia|date=2011}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Ememme Dolma na Armenia * Ndepụta nke efere ndị e tinyere n'ime * Sheikh al-mahshi, zucchini e ji anụ nwa atụrụ a pịrị apị na mkpụrụ osisi pine mee na yogọt sauce == Ebensidee == <references group="" responsive="1"></references> == Ebe e si nweta ya == * Alan Davidson, ''Onye Oxford'' Companion to Food.  [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/0-19-211579-0|0-19-211579-0]]. * {{Cite book|author=Gosetti Della Salda|first=Anna|title=Le ricette regionali italiane|publisher=Solares|location=Milano|year=1967|language=it}} * Media related to Dolma at Wikimedia Commons {{Intangible Heritage Azerbaijan}}{{Cuisine of Israel}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] efzjegl7wo3rb7cduejl8rkmay9pgl7 0 18991 85933 2022-07-30T21:28:21Z Jerrydestiny 13027 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1073386814|Assidat Zgougou]]" wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Assidat Zgougou''' (Tunisian Arabic) bụ nri<ref>{{Cite book|author=Zaroual|first=H.|year=2019|chapter=Traditional Foods in Maghreb: Production and Research Progress|editor=Al-Khusaibi|title=Traditional Foods: History, Preparation, Processing and Safety|publisher=Springer Nature|pages=50–114|isbn=9783030246204|doi=10.1007/978-3-030-24620-4_4}}</ref> Tunisian a na-akwadebe mgbe niile iji mee mmemme Mūled. E ji osisi Aleppo pine, ntụ ọka, mmiri ara ehi, mmiri ara na mkpụrụ osisi mee ya na mbụ, nke a maara otu ụdị nri ahụ ugbu a dị ka "εasida Tunisia". == Nkwadebe == A na-eji mkpụrụ (mkpụrụ nut pine), nke osisi Aleppo pine, "zgougou", mee ala ala ya, ka a ghara ịgbagwoju ya anya na mkpụrụ osisi pine nke osisi pine, ma ọ bụ pinus armandii.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Minervini|first=F.|year=2020|title=Use of Autochthonous Lactobacilli to Increase the Safety of Zgougou|journal=Microorganisms|volume=8|issue=1|doi=10.3390/microorganisms8010029|pmid=31877880}}</ref> A na-asacha ọka ahụ, wee gwọọ ya na mmiri ma sie ya ka ọ dị obere. A na-agwakọta ihe na-atọ ụtọ na ntụ ọka wit na / ma ọ bụ starch dabere na ntụziaka. Mgbe ụfọdụ, a na-agbakwunye mmiri ara ehi. Mgbe ahụ, a na-esi ihe niile na okpomọkụ dị ala mgbe a na-agbanye ya. A na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-agbakwunye shuga ntụ ka ngwakọta ahụ na-esiwanye ike, na-eme ka ọ na-acha nchara nchara. A na-awụnye nsonaazụ ya ọkụ n'ime efere ma kpuchie ya na mmiri ara ehi, starch, shuga, àkwá na obere okooko oroma, wee jiri almonds na mkpụrụ na mkpụrụ ndị ọzọ na mkpụrụ osisi, dum ma ọ bụ ala, na obere swiiti chọọ ya mma. O nwekwara ike ime assida site na mkpụrụ osisi ndị ọzọ kama ime mkpụrụ osisi allepo pine, dị ka hazelnuts, chestnuts, pistachios ma ọ bụ ndị ọzọ, mana n'ọnọdụ ahụ ọ gaghị abụ assidat zgougou, kama ọ ga-abụ assidat nke ihe e ji mee ihe. == Ojiji == Dị ka omenala si dị, ndị Tunisia na-agbanwere efere nke Assidat Zgougou n'etiti ndị agbata obi na ndị ezinụlọ na Mūled, si otú a na-eme ka ịchọ mma dị mkpa dị ka ụtọ. Ọtụtụ na-eji ụdị mkpụrụ na mkpụrụ osisi niile, ala ma ọ bụ ihe niile, iji gbanwee ụdị na agba nke ihe ịchọ mma. == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} h4zot7x7ew8wdmykbhhwahk8rxp6jk2 0 18992 85934 2022-07-30T22:26:57Z Jerrydestiny 13027 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1096271697|Baghrir]]" wikitext text/x-wiki   Baghrir ma ọ bụ '''beghrir'''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnn.com/travel/amp/breakfast-food-around-the-world/index.html|title=Breakfast food around the world|author=Berber|first=Casey|date=May 27, 2019|work=CNN Travel|accessdate=September 18, 2019}}</ref> (البغرير), nke a makwaara dị ka '''ghrayef''' ma ọ bụ '''mchahda''', bụ pancake a na-eri na mpaghara Maghreb. Ha dị obere, spongy, ma jiri semolina ma ọ bụ ntụ ọka mee ha; mgbe esichara ha nke ọma, a na-etinye ha obere oghere (nke na-etinye mmiri ọ bụla a na-enye ha). Ụzọ a na-ejikarị eri ''baghrir'' na [[Algeria]] na [[Morocco]] bụ site na itinye ha na ngwakọta mmanụ aṅụ na mmanụ aṅụ, mana enwere ike ịkpụ ha n'ime ugkwo no == Hụkwa == * Ndepụta pancakes * Lahoh * Crumpet * Injera *  Ebe nchọputa nri == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}}{{Cuisine of Tunisia}} ouhgit6t4nc0s348hmo8v8gawhmgilt 0 18993 85935 2022-07-31T00:38:07Z Celetex 13524 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1097413800|Oke Ero]]" wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement|official_name=Oke-Ero|native_name=Ekiti Kwara|settlement_type=[[Local Government Areas of Nigeria|LGA]]|subdivision_type=Country|subdivision_name={{flag|Nigeria}}|subdivision_type1=[[States of Nigeria|State]]|subdivision_name1=[[Kwara State]]|other name=|nationality=Nigeria|citizenship=|ethnicity=[[Yoruba people|Yoruba]]|government_type=[[Traditional]] (Oba as King)|leader_title=oba|established_title=Alofa of Iloffa,Olota of Odo Owa, Onidofin of Idofin Igbana, Elekan of Ekan Meje, Odokogun of Ilale, Obajisun of Ayedun|occupation=|unit_pref=Imperial|area_footnotes=|area_total_km2=|area_land_km2=|population_as_of=2006|population_footnotes=|population_note=|population_total=|population_density_km2=|timezone=[[West Africa Time|WAT]]|utc_offset=+1|timezone_DST=|utc_offset_DST=|coordinates=|parents=|relatives=|yearsactive=|notable works=|awards=|website=}} '''Oke Ero''' bụ ọchịchị ime ~Obodo Gọọmentị dị na Kwara [[Ȯra Kwara|Steeti]], [[Naijiria|Naịjirịa]] . Isi ụlọ ọrụ ya dị n'obodo Iloffa. Obodo ukwu ndị ọzọ dị na Oke Ero bụ Kajola, Idofin, Ekan Nla, Ayedun, Odo-owa, Erin Mope, Egosi, Imode, Idofina Odo-Ase, na Ilale. Onye isi oche mbụ nke Oke-Ero bụ Otunba Moses Afolayan nwụrụ anwụ, ebe nke abụọ bụ Barrister Kayode Towoju. == Ụlọ ọrụ ọdịnala == Echichi ọdịnala nke guzosirike na oche ndị e guzobere na okpuru ọchịchị gọọmentị ime obodo a bụ: Alofa nke Iloffa bụ Eze mbụ, Elekan nke Ekan Meje, Olota nke Odo-Owa, Edemarun nke Kajola, Onidofin nke Idofin Igbana, Obajisun nke Ayedun, Onimode nke Imode, Odokogun nke Ilale, Elegosi nke Egosi, Onimoji nke Imoji na Onidofin nke Idofin Odo-Ase. Akpụpụtara okpuru ọchịchị ime Obodo Oke-Ero na iru okpuru ọchịchị Ekiti dị ugbu a na Kwara steeti. Oke-Ero nwere mpaghara 438&nbsp;km² ya na ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ dị puku narị iri ise na asaa, narị isii na iri na iteghete na ngụkọ nke afọ 2006, ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị mmadụ amụbaala kemgbe. Dị ka akwụkwọ ọrụ Bamidele Ola, onye gụrụ akwụkwọ nzere nke nchọputa na odinaala obodo nke ezigara ma rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye ntorobịa n' ekere ala nna ya ozi na mba Oke Ero n'etiti afọ 2008 na 2009, ekere Oke Ero na mpaghara atọ: The Iloffa/Odo Owa District na etiti, The Mpaghara Idofin dị n'ebe ugwu ya na mpaghara Ekan Meje dị na ndịda ọchịchị ime obodo. ==== Iloffa/Odo-Owas District ==== Mpaghara a gụnyere ndị Iloffa, Odo-Owa, Igbede, Kajola, Imode na Egosi. Ha bi n'akụkụ etiti Oke-Ero ma nwee ókèala site na mpaghara Gọọmentị Obodo Osi-Ekiti nke Kwara Steeti na ndịda na Omu-Aran na Gọọmenti Obodo Irepodun na ugwu, ha na Erimope Ekiti, Ekiti steeti, mpaghara ahụ dị ihe dị ka kilomita iri asatọ ruo iri iteghete n'ebe ndịda Ilorin, Kwara Steeti.Ebe ndị njem nleta nọ na mpaghara ahụ gụnyere Imole-Boja Rock Shelter; ụlọ mmepụta Adin Odo-Owa; Ihe onwunwe nke Onyeozi Joseph Ayodele Babalola nke afọ(1904-1959), ụwa a ma ama bụ Nna nke pentecostalism nke Naijiria, na Ugwu Ekpere Ya; Obí Ochie nke alaeze Orota nke nwụrụ anwụ, nke nwere obodo asaa, ya bụ: Owa,Imode, Ikotun, Egosi, Igbede na Ilofa n'okpuru alaeze Olota nke Ostrota, Are/Ori Hill. Emume ndị a na-ahụkarị gụnyere Emume Are, Emume iri ji ọhụrụ a na-emekarị na onwa Juune na mmalite ọnwa Julaị nke afọ ọ bụla, Emume Egungun, Emume Agan, Emume Eji, na ndị ọzọ. === Mpaghara Idofin === Mpaghara a gụnyere ndị Idofin Igbana na Idofin Odo Ashe Peoples. Nke ikpeazụ na-agụnye Idofin Odo Aga, Idofin Ayekale na Idofin Ehin Afo Peoples; atọ a mejupụtara ihe a maara ugbu a dị ka Idofin Od Ashe. Ebe ndị njem nleta nọ na mpaghara ahụ gụnyere Nsụda Mmiri Eromola; Ihe onwunwe nke Eleegbo Ogbonko; Nnukwu ugwu abụọ: Ugwu Ore na Ugwu Ojokolo, n'etiti ndị ọzọ. Emume ndị a na-ahụkarị ebe a gụnyere Emume iri ji Ọhụrụ na Emume Egungun. === Mpaghara Ekan Meje === Mpaghara a gụnyere ndị Ekan Nla, Ayedun, Erinmope, Ilale, Omoji na ndị Ajure. Ha bi na mpaghara ndịda Oke-Ero ma bụrụ otun Ekiti dị n'okpuru ọchịchị Moba nke steeti Ekiti ya na Ila dị n'Osun steeti. Ndị obodo a nwere njikọ chiri anya ma nwee nnukwu ihe nketa omenala. Enwere ike ịsụgharị aha Ekan Meje n'ụzọ nkịtị Knots asaa, nke nwere obodo asaa na mbụ, akpọtụla isii; Nke ikpeazu n'ime ha bu ndi Ipetu-Igbomina nke na-achọ ugbu a ka ha na ndi Ora kpokota. Ebe ndị njem nlegharị anya dị na mpaghara ahụ gụnyere Obí Elekan nke Ekan Nla, Imoji Damp, Ụlọ ọrụ Bead Making na Ayedun, na ndị ọzọ. Enwere nnukwu mmemme na mpaghara a dị ka Emume iri ji Ọhụrụ, Egungun Egungun, Emume Oloku, na emume Ogun, na ndị ọzọ. Onye na-achị obodo ndị a bụ,Elekan nke Ekan. <Bamidele Ola, 2009. Edere akwụkwọ akụkọ n'ụlọ ọrụ ndị eze na ndị eze ọdịnala nke ime obodo Oke Ero ><nowiki></ref></nowiki> == Akụ na ụba == Ahịhịa hụ bụ ebe okpomọkụ, ya mere akụ na ụba obodo bụ ebe a na-enweta ego. Isi ụlọ ọrụ ndị mmadụ na-arụ bụ na mpaghara ọrụ ugbo n'ihi na ụmụ amaala ya bụ ndị ọrụ ugbo. N'ebe ihu igwe ya na-ekpo ọkụ, koko, okpete, yam, unere, oroma, owu na jute (eriri akwụkwọ nri dị nro, nke na-egbu maramara nke a pụrụ ịgbanye n'ime eriri siri ike, nke siri ike), bụ ihe ọkụkụ a na-ahụkarị. Nkwụ mmanụ bụ osisi nkwụ na-ekpo ọkụ, a na-eji mkpụrụ sitere na ya eme mmanụ nkwụ. Enwere ike ịzụta mmanụ nkwụ n'ime obodo niile dị n'okpuru ọchịchị ime obodo. Koodu nzipu ozi nke mpaghara ahụ bụ narị abụọ na iri ise na abụọ. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Post Offices- with map of LGA|publisher=NIPOST|url=http://www.nipost.gov.ng/PostCode.aspx|accessdate=2009-10-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091007011423/http://www.nipost.gov.ng/PostCode.aspx|archivedate=October 7, 2009}}</ref> == Edensibia == moyxo43ls7cbi2rsx4tt1j1zj7zy4ga 0 18994 85936 2022-07-31T00:57:07Z Celetex 13524 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1049043383|Shiroro]]" wikitext text/x-wiki '''Shiroro''' bụ ọchịchị ime obodo dị na [[Ȯra Niger|Niger Steeti]], [[Naijiria]] . Isi ụlọ ọrụ ya dị n'obodo Kuta, nke nwere ngalaba iri na ise [15] dị ka ndị a: # Allawa # Bangajiya # Bassa/kukoki # Egwa/gwada # Erena # Galkogo # Gurmana # Gussoro # Kato # Kushaka/kurebe # Kwaki/chukuba # Manta # Pina # Nwanyị # Ubandoma ya na isi asụsụ ha bụ Gbagyi. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Shiroro|url=https://www.openstreetmap.org/#map=12/9.8591/6.7200|work=Open Street Map|accessdate=13 June 2018}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Shiroro|url=https://www.google.com/maps/@9.9945722,6.693376,124652m/data=!3m1!1e3|work=Google Maps|publisher=Google|accessdate=13 June 2018}}</ref> O nwere mpaghara square kilometres puku narị ise na iri na ise(1,936 sq mi) na onu ogugu nke dị puku narị abụọ na irí atọ na ise, narị anọ na anọ na ngụkọ nke 2006. Koodu nzipu ozi nke mpaghara ahụ bụ narị iteghete na iri abụọ na otu. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Post Offices- with map of LGA|publisher=NIPOST|url=http://www.nipost.gov.ng/PostCode.aspx|accessdate=2009-10-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121126042849/http://www.nipost.gov.ng/postcode.aspx|archivedate=2012-11-26}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Ụgbọ elu Shiroro * Ụlọ ọrụ ọkụ Shiroro Hydroelectric * Ndepụta mmiri mmiri na ọdọ mmiri dị na Nigeria == Edensibia == rldq1k4cl692q871wotf6epj7cplqbh 0 18995 85937 2022-07-31T02:30:38Z Celetex 13524 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1082521335|Ukanafun]]" wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ukanafun''' dị na ndịda ndịda [[Naijiria]] ma bụrụkwa mpaghara ọchịchị ime [[Ȯra Akwa Ibom|obodo dị na Akwa Ibom steeti]] . Ukanafun e si na Abak na Opobo division nke [[Ȯra Cross River|Cross River Steeti wee kpuputa]] . [[Nigerian Civil War|Agha obodo Naijiria]] mere ka ndị mmadụ bibie ebe ahụ ma mee ka ọrụ akụ na ụba ndị mmadụ kwụsịlata. Mpaghara Ukanafun ka na-agbakere site na mkpali ụjọ nke agha obodo wee kwubezie okwu gbasara ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị agbụrụ nke mere ka otu n'ime nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ akwara azụmahịa nke ndị [[Anaang people|Annang]] wepụ fọrọ nke nta ka ọkpụọ n'ala n' ihi enweghị ezigbo ụzọ netwọk nke e ji mara mpaghara ahụ n'oge ndị ọchịchị colonial. Mkpụrụ nkwụ bụbu ọrụ akụ na ụba bụ isi nke ndị mmadụ a ugbua,Ntak Ibesit nọ n'okpuru [[Oruk Anam|ọchịchị ime obodo Oruk Anam]] bụzị ebe etiti azụmaahịa nkwụ n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri Ekpene Okpo nke nọzị ọdụ dị ka ụzọ azụmaahịa mara mma na-aga Opobo . Taa enweghị ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri na Ntak Ibesit . Taa, Ukanafun bụzị obodo dị iche iche mebere ya nke ụfọdụ bụ: Ikot Ibekwe, Akoyo, Ikot Una, Idung Nnekke, Nkek, Nkek Idim, Afaha Obo, Ikot Esien, Nyak Ibah, Ikot Andem, Ikot Etim, Ikot Oku Usung., Ikot Uko, Ikot Akpa Ntuen, Ikot Inyang Abia, Ntak Afagha, Nto Okon, Usung Atiat, Ikot Udo Osiom, Ikot Akpa Idem na ndi ọzọ. == Akụ na ụba == Ịkụ azụ bụ nnukwu njirimara ichụ nta ego nke ndị okpuru ọchịchị ime obodo Ukanfun na-arụ ebe okporo ụzọ mmiri na iyi nke mpaghara ahụ bara ọgaranya na azụ. Íkọpụtakwa ihe ụbí gbasara n' ọchịchị ime obodo a dịka ọmụmaatụ, osisi inyere na mmanụ nkwụ jupụtara ya nso. Agbam onye ego ndị ọzọ nụ njirimara nke ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu n'ọchịchị ime obodo Ukanafun na-agụnyere itinye mgbanwe, igbutu osisi, na ime ọpụrụiche. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Ukanafun Local Government Area|url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/places/lga/103/ukanafun|accessdate=2022-03-19|work=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> == Mpaghara nchịkwa == Ndị umunna/Distristi anọ dị na Ukanafun; * Southern Ukanafun * Northern Ukanafun * Ndịda Afaha * Northern Afaha === Obodo ukwu === * Ikot Akpa Nkuk * Ikot Ibekwe * Ikot Arankere * Ikot Etim * Ikot Akai * Ikot Akpan Ntuen. * Ntak Afaha * Ikot Okumu * Ikot Ideh * Ikot Enang * Afaha Odon == Edensibia == q5lxtug0hoh0fnhdzndjilzgzhlw7ac 0 18996 85939 2022-07-31T03:10:14Z Celetex 13524 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1042668461|Tarmuwa]]" wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tarmuwa''' bụ ọchịchị ime obodo dị na [[Ȯra Yobe|Yobe Steeti,]] [[Naijiria]] . Isi ụlọ ọrụ ya dị n'obodo Babangida na{{Coor|12|06|27|N|11|45|14|E|region:NG_type:city_source:GNS-enwiki}} . Ọ nwere mpaghara 4,594&nbsp;km 2 na ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ dị puku narị iri asaa na asaa, narị abụọ na anọ na ngụkọ nke afọ 2006. Koodu nzipu ozi nke mpaghara ahụ bụ narị isii na iri abụọ. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Post Offices- with map of LGA|publisher=NIPOST|url=http://www.nipost.gov.ng/PostCode.aspx|accessdate=2009-10-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121126042849/http://www.nipost.gov.ng/postcode.aspx|archivedate=2012-11-26}}</ref> Obodo Tarmuwa dị n'okpuru ọchịchị ime obodo Alaeze Mashio site n'aka ndị ọchịchị Jajere Emirate. Na Jajere Emirate dị na etiti Yobe State. Ọ gbara ya gburugburu n'ebe ugwu site na Bursari Local Gov't, Jakusko Local Gov't na North West na Damaturu Local Gov't Isi Obodo. Ga na South Potiskum na Nangere Local Gov't Area na West. Emebere Jajere Emirate n'afọ 1992 site n'aka ọchịchị ndị nkịtị nke Gọvanọ Bukar Abba Ibrahim (FNIQS). Isi ụlọ ọrụ ahụ dị n'obodo Jajere mana ndị agha na-ahụ maka ndị agha Kọmpol Dabo Aliyu wepụrụ ya n'afọ 1993. Na mkpụrụ Ụbọchị isii nke ọnwa Jenụwarị n'afọ 2000 na nloghachi nke ọchịchị ndị nkịtị n'okpuru nduzi nke Gọvanọ Bukar Abba Ibrahim megharịrị Jajere Emirate ugbu a gụnyere: Jajere, Mashio, Biriri, Zogoto, Muri, Koriyel, Mafa, Sungul na Koka Distristi nwere isi ụlọ ọrụ dị na Babban gida. Ndị otu Emirate nwere aha iri abụọ gụnyere Emir. Ụlọ ọrụ Jajere Emirate ugbu a bụ ọkwa nke abụọ n'afọ 1993 mana mgbe e mesịrị ọ bụ ọkwa mbụ n'afọ 2005 site n'aka gọvanọ steeti Bukar Abba. Emir Mai Hamza Ibn Buba Mashio nọchiri nna ya nwụrụ anwụ dị ka Emir nke abụọ n'afo 2001. == Edensibia == ats5algk39norcmxe0xp9e3z27vpxvv 0 18997 85959 2022-07-31T10:29:14Z Amire80 2543 Amire80 moved page [[Ihu m̀bụ]] to [[Ihu mbụ]]: discussed on the talk page wikitext text/x-wiki #KÚFÙ [[Ihu mbụ]] tsmedh4yuq4709ezna6dz3holesxuca 1 18998 85961 2022-07-31T10:29:14Z Amire80 2543 Amire80 moved page [[Okwu:Ihu m̀bụ]] to [[Okwu:Ihu mbụ]]: discussed on the talk page wikitext text/x-wiki #KÚFÙ [[Okwu:Ihu mbụ]] ngzhywu1lrxcbvbxgio891dh8fjoi6o