Wikipedia igwiki https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ihu_mb%E1%BB%A5 MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.1 first-letter Midia Ọpụrụiche Ńkàtá Ojiarụ Ńkàtá ojiarụ Wikipedia Ńkàtá Wikipedia Faịlụ Ńkàtá faịlụ MidiaWiki Ńkàtá MidiaWiki Templeeti Ńkàtá templeeti Enyemaka Ńkàtá enyemaka Otú Ńkàtá otú Édēchághị́ Ńkàtá Édēchághị́ TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 10104 632304 595324 2026-05-08T11:50:56Z Goodymaraj 21567 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:3|0|0 */ 632304 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Usòrò:Chuma_Mmeka_Saving_Vulnerable_Children.JPG|alt=Reaching Out To Vulnerable Children...giving hope for the future|thumb| Chuma Mmeka]] [[Usòrò:Photo Image of Chuma Mmeka 2021.jpg|thumb]] '''A maraa Chuma Mmeka''' dịka 'T-char' <ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=The Fundraiser's Handbook|last=Mmeka|first=Chuma|publisher=CreateSpace|year=2015|isbn=9781519741769|location=USA|pages=83}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye ama ama na-ede egwu na omee ihe nkiri Nọlịwudu. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://posteritymediang.com/biafra-igbo-leaders-advise-restraint/ |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2020-11-18 |archivedate=2020-10-13 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013161038/https://posteritymediang.com/biafra-igbo-leaders-advise-restraint// }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://globalvillageextra.com/en/index.php/2018/12/03/don-charges-gowon-danjuma-to-write-civil-war-accounts/ |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2020-11-18 |archivedate=2020-10-13 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013161044/https://globalvillageextra.com/en/index.php/2018/12/03/don-charges-gowon-danjuma-to-write-civil-war-accounts// }}</ref> Ọ bụ onye nrụpụta akwụkwọ <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://thegeneralsorderly.com/2018/11/18/the-generals-orderly-presentation-on-countdown/ |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2020-11-18 |archivedate=2019-10-21 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191021165717/http://thegeneralsorderly.com/2018/11/18/the-generals-orderly-presentation-on-countdown/ }}</ref> na onye edemede nke ọtụtụ akwụkwọ. Ọ bụ onye edemede na-akpalite mụọ, onye na-enye ọzụzụ, onye nkwalite ikike mmadụ, nchịkwa ụlọ ọrụ, onye mgbasa ozi <ref>{{Cite book|title=A Successful Acting Career Guide|last=Mmeka|first=Chuma|publisher=CreateSpace|year=2016|isbn=9781522929307|location=USA|pages=109}}</ref> na nnyemaka mmadụ <ref>{{Cite web|title=Yet Another Feather To Chuma Mmeka's Cap {{!}} News247.com.ng:Nigeria News Updated Every Minute}}</ref> a makarị ya nke ọma na mpaghara nkwado ụmụaka na nchekwa <ref>{{Cite web|title=NigerianVoice: Celebrities Launch 'Operation Fete Our Children' In South East Nigeria}}</ref> == Ọrụ == A kpọtụrụla Chuma Mmeka dịka "onye Naịjirịa bu opụrụiche na ọrụ aka.Ọ mara ọrụ na azụmahịa niile ma na-emekwa ya nke ọma. <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://dailyonus.com/a-most-unique-nigerian-discovered/ |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2020-11-18 |archivedate=2020-10-13 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013161050/http://dailyonus.com/a-most-unique-nigerian-discovered// }}</ref> Ọ kpọkọtara ndị edemede 77 ka na-eto eto na ndị omee nkiri na Ọwerị, Imo Steeti na Ọktoba 2015, iji gbaa ama gbasara mkposa n'etiti ndị ama ama na Naịjirịa. Ọ bụ ya malitere 'The Safe Child Project' nke o bidoro na 2009 ebe ọ kwalitere ụmụaka na-enweghị nne na nna 1000 na Imo. Na 2002, ọ kpọkọbara asọmpi maka mma izizi nke Misi Imo, ebe onye turu ugo mmeri na ya bụ Miss Chidimma Dike, nke enyere ya ụgbọala ọhụrụ na ihe nrite ndị ọzọ. Ọ na-achịkọba mmemme na-akwalite ndị ntorobịa na Afrịka. Akwụkwọ Chuma Mmeka bụ 'Job Secret Book Series' na-akwalite aka ọrụ ndị Afrịka na-agba mbọ. O na-enyere ha aka ilebanye anya na ọtụtụ ọrụ ndị ọzọ dịka etu esi e weta ego eji akwado ihe na kwa ka esi eme ihe nkiri. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thenigerianvoice.com/news/192631/1/celebrities-resolve-against-broken-marriages.html|title=Celebrities Resolve Against Broken Marriages|work=TheNigerianVoice|accessdate=17 November 2015}}</ref>’ <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thesafechildproject.net/index.php?id=2|title=Welcome to The Safe Child Project - Introduction|work=thesafechildproject.net|accessdate=17 November 2015|archivedate=18 November 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151118112709/http://www.thesafechildproject.net/index.php?id=2}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://quingist.com/lifestyle/personality-of-the-day-october-15th-2019-chuma-mmeka-a-k-a-tchar/ |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2020-11-18 |archivedate=2020-10-13 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013161304/http://quingist.com/lifestyle/personality-of-the-day-october-15th-2019-chuma-mmeka-a-k-a-tchar// }}</ref>. <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://quingist.com/lifestyle/personality-of-the-day-october-15th-2019-chuma-mmeka-a-k-a-tchar/ |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2020-11-18 |archivedate=2020-10-13 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013161304/http://quingist.com/lifestyle/personality-of-the-day-october-15th-2019-chuma-mmeka-a-k-a-tchar// }}</ref>. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://excelglobalmediagroup.com/media-group-brings-empowerment-african-youths/ |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2020-11-18 |archivedate=2020-10-13 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013161121/https://excelglobalmediagroup.com/media-group-brings-empowerment-african-youths/ }}</ref>. <ref>https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/news/202594/a-most-unique-nigerian-personality-discovered.html</ref> Mmeka so n'otu ndị ọhụrụ na-ede abụ nke ogbara ọhụrụ. Ọ pụtara ihe site na mbipụta Abu dị iche iche nke ụwa niile. <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=DaysDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA374&lpg=PA374&dq=chuma+mmeka#v=onepage&q=chuma%20mmeka&f=false|title=Best New African Poets 2016 Anthology|isbn=9789956764891|date=2017-03-27}}</ref> Abụ ya na-egosi mmegbu a na-emegbu ụmụ nwanyị na ka nwoke na nwanyị ga-esi bụrụ otu na Abụ. <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=6G10DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA55&lpg=PA55&dq=chuma+mmeka#v=onepage&q=chuma%20mmeka&f=false|title=Tintinnabulation of Literary Theory: Traversing Genres to Contemporary Experience|isbn=9780797496439|date=2018-09-23}}</ref> ha na-akwalite ọdịnala Afrịka, ma na-achịkọta ya mba niile maka ebumnuche agụmakwụkwọ. <ref>https://muse.jhu.edu/chapter/1739964</ref> <ref>https://muse.jhu.edu/chapter/1739965</ref> <ref>https://muse.jhu.edu/chapter/1739966</ref> Ọ na-etinye atụmatụ ya na Kọmitii Mahadum Colgate nke Dove Tales kwadoro maka, Jonalu nke nka zuru ụwa ọnụ, i ji were kwalite udo n'ụwa, njirimara ezinụlọ na ọdịbendị <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://writingforpeace.org/introducing-dovetales-family-cultural-identity/ |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2020-11-18 |archivedate=2020-10-13 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013161137/https://writingforpeace.org/introducing-dovetales-family-cultural-identity// }}</ref> Nchịkọta nke abụ ezi "The Broken Home" na "Echoes of the Mind" enwetala mgbasa ozi zuru ụwa ọnụ na ụlọ ọrụ edemede akwụkwọ nyocha <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://creativewritingnews.net/2016/02/08/echoes-of-the-mind-a-book-review/ |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2020-11-18 |archivedate=2016-04-09 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160409125154/http://creativewritingnews.net/2016/02/08/echoes-of-the-mind-a-book-review/ }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://dailyreviewonline.com.ng/2016/01/15/book-review-the-broken-home-a-poetic-inside-story-by-chuma-mmeka/#.VvpguFL6hGQ |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2020-11-18 |archivedate=2020-10-13 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013161145/http://dailyreviewonline.com.ng/2016/01/15/book-review-the-broken-home-a-poetic-inside-story-by-chuma-mmeka/#.VvpguFL6hGQ }}</ref> <ref>http://globalreportersnews.com/2016/01/the-broken-home/</ref> [[Usòrò:Chuma_Mmeka_and_Vulnerable_Children.JPG|thumb| Chuma Mmeka]] A kọwara Chuma dịka onye na-akpali mmụọ ndi agbọ ohụrụ Naịjirịa na-ede Abu. Ọ bụ onye na-ede abu kemgbe ọ dị afọ asatọ. <ref>http://dailyreviewonline-ng.com/2016/01/15/book-review-the-broken-home-a-poetic-inside-story-by-chuma-mmeka/#.W9M7cR-hddg</ref> E depụtara abụ ya na "Best Poets New African 2015 na Anthologies nke 2016". O meriri onyinye nke umuaka nke [[Maryam Babangida]] na Naịjirịa mgbe ọ di afọ iri na atọ na "Emerging African Poet toga" na 2017 <ref>http://bestnewafricanpoets.blogspot.com.ng/2015_11_01_archive.html</ref> <ref>http://bestnewafricanpoets2016.blogspot.com/2017/10/interview-with-nigerian-poet-chuma-mmeka.html</ref> Ndị Actors Guild nke Naịjirịa nyere ya onyinye dịka onye kachasị eme ihe nkiri bịara ọhụrụ na Nolịwudu (2019). <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://quingist.com/e-gist/here-is-the-agn-south-east-awardees-5th-edition-held-in-imo-state/ |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2020-11-18 |archivedate=2020-10-13 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013161213/http://quingist.com/e-gist/here-is-the-agn-south-east-awardees-5th-edition-held-in-imo-state// }}</ref> O ritela ọtụtụ onyinye maka ọrụ enyemaka ya na gburugburu ụwa. <ref>https://www.manpower.com.ng/people/15952/chuma-mmeka</ref> E depụtara ya dị ka onye ama ama na Naịjirịa, <ref>https://naijagists.com/list-of-all-nigerian-celebrities-nollywood-actors-actresses-instagram-handles-twitter-account-contact-information/</ref> Chuma Mmeka esonyela n'ọtụtụ ihe nkiri Naịjirịa dịka Beyond Beauty, <ref>http://www.nigeriamovienetwork.com/tags/chuma-mmeka/</ref> The King Must Marry A Strange Virgin, <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://celebrity.numberone.ng/2018/09/13/the-king-must-marry-a-strange-virgin-to-have-a-son-new-nigerian-movies-2018-nollywood-movies/|title=Archived copy|accessdate=2020-11-18|archivedate=2018-10-30|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181030035425/https://celebrity.numberone.ng/2018/09/13/the-king-must-marry-a-strange-virgin-to-have-a-son-new-nigerian-movies-2018-nollywood-movies/}}</ref> The 3 Idiots, <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://moviesplay.co/file/nollywood-latest-movie-the-3-idiots-movie/id/UP6u0ldEZ4I |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2020-11-18 |archivedate=2018-10-29 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181029232438/https://moviesplay.co/file/nollywood-latest-movie-the-3-idiots-movie/id/UP6u0ldEZ4I }}</ref> The Arrogant Sisters, <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.naijapals.com/video/The_Arrogant_Rich_Sisters_1__African_Movies_2018_Nollywood_Movies_Latest_Nigerian_Movies_2019_Movies-167313 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2020-11-18 |archivedate=2020-10-13 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013161230/https://www.naijapals.com/video/The_Arrogant_Rich_Sisters_1__African_Movies_2018_Nollywood_Movies_Latest_Nigerian_Movies_2019_Movies-167313/ }}</ref> I Choose a Dirty Palace Maid, Broken Smile, <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.naijapals.com/video/I_CHOSE_A_DIRTY_PALACE_MAID_TO_ALWAYS_GRACE_MY_BED___ZUBBY_MICHEAL___2___2019_NEW_NIGERIAN_MOVIES-177590 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2020-11-18 |archivedate=2020-10-13 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013161234/https://www.naijapals.com/video/I_CHOSE_A_DIRTY_PALACE_MAID_TO_ALWAYS_GRACE_MY_BED___ZUBBY_MICHEAL___2___2019_NEW_NIGERIAN_MOVIES-177590/ }}</ref> Ezigbo Ọnụ Ọchị, <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://timeonmynails.com/watch/LHaQz69JHqo |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2020-11-18 |archivedate=2019-10-26 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026171120/https://timeonmynails.com/watch/LHaQz69JHqo }}</ref> Our Village Priest, <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.naijapals.com/video/OUR_VILLAGE_PRIEST_DIDN_amp__39_T_KNEW_THAT_HE_WAS_THE_FATHER_OF_MY_SON___QUEEN_____2019_NEW_NIGERIA-177137 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2020-11-18 |archivedate=2020-10-13 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013161242/https://www.naijapals.com/video/OUR_VILLAGE_PRIEST_DIDN_amp__39_T_KNEW_THAT_HE_WAS_THE_FATHER_OF_MY_SON___QUEEN_____2019_NEW_NIGERIA-177137/ }}</ref> The Village Girl, <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.insidenolly.ng/chuma-mmeka/ |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2020-11-18 |archivedate=2020-10-13 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013161247/https://www.insidenolly.ng/chuma-mmeka// }}</ref> The Crippled Maid Agụrụ Agwụrụ <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.naijapals.com/video/THE_CRIPPLE_POOR_DIRTY_MAID_I_FIND_IT_SO_DIFFICULT_TO_RESIST___2019_NEW_NIGERIAN_AFRICAN__MOVIES-177314 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2020-11-18 |archivedate=2020-10-13 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013161251/https://www.naijapals.com/video/THE_CRIPPLE_POOR_DIRTY_MAID_I_FIND_IT_SO_DIFFICULT_TO_RESIST___2019_NEW_NIGERIAN_AFRICAN__MOVIES-177314/ }}</ref> na My Gateman Stole My Heart On Saturday. <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.tubenolly.com/videonab/my-gateman-stole-my-heart-on-saturday-ogechi-nigerian-movies-20192019-full-nigerian-movies-hd/ |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2020-11-18 |archivedate=2020-10-13 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013161300/http://www.tubenolly.com/cgi-sys/suspendedpage.cgi/ }}</ref> A makwaala ya dịka onye na-esonye na ihe nkiri Nolịwudu dika Samgold nke mepụtara King Akubueze (2014) onye nduzi bu Nonso Emekaekwue, ndị so na ya bụ Clems Ohameze, Joyce Kalu, Rachael Okonkwo na Mike Godson; Ghetto Republic (2014) ndị nsonye Francis Duru onye mmepụta bụ Pressing Forward; Men In August Meeting (2014) onye nduzi bụ Evans Orji na ndị nsonye Dede One Day; Beyond Beauty (2015) ndị nsonye Chacha Eke na Victor Osuagwu onye nduzi bụ Andy Chukwu nke Andybest Production; Secret Palace Mission (2014) Richrock Production ndị nsonye Olu Jacobs na Chacha Eke Faani; Royal Assassins (2015) onye nduzi bụ Sylvester Madu; Equalizer 3000 (2016) onye nduzi bu Austin Faani, ndị nsonye Harry B Anyanwu, Chelsea Eze, Emeka Enyiocha na Walter Anga; My State Governor (2016)onye nduzi Goodnews Erico; Hanging Coffin (2016) onye nduzi bụ Kalu Anya; Family Ambition (2016) onye nduzi bụ Sylvester Madu na ndị nsonye Freddie Leonard; Tony [[Montana]] (2017 ndị nsonye Zubby Michael na onye nduzi Emeka Jonathan Hills); Deadly Gang (2017) onye nduzi Chidox na ndị nsonye Junior Pope; Return of the Book of Evil (2017) nke Pressing Forward Production; Millionaire Sisters (2018 ndị nsonye Regina Daniels; Tears of My Destiny (2018ndị nsonye Pete Edochie na onye nduzi Emeka Titus; One More Bullet (2019) ndị nsonye [[Sam Dede]] na onye nduzi Collins Okoro Boko; Ndaa Letti (2017), Uwadiegwu (2017), The Evil Man (2018) na Royal Twist (2018) ha niile bụ Divine Touch Production; na ndị ọzọ. == Akwụkwọ == * ''The Broken Home'' 2015  <ref name="mmeka">{{Cite book|title=The Broken Home|date=2 October 2015|publisher=Create Space Independent Publishing Platform|isbn=9781517586553|edition=Paperback}}</ref> * ''Echoes of the Mind'' 2015  <ref>{{Cite book|title=Echoes of the Mind: My book of standard poems|publisher=Adfinity Media Book Publishing Ltd|isbn=978-978-950-098-7}}</ref> * The Fundraiser's Handbook   * A Successful Acting Career Guide   * ''My Colouring Activity Book 2''   * ''My Colouring Activity Book 3''   == Ndụ onwe == A mụrụ ya na 21 Juunu 1975 na nke Enyi Jim I. Mmeka na Lolo Jossy C. Mmeka nke Alaenyi-Ofeahia, Amaigbo dị na Nwangele nke mpaghara Imo Steeti dị na mpaghara ndịda-anyanwu nke Naịjirịa. <ref name=":0"/> Chuma lụrụ Nikky Mmeka ọ mụtara ya ụmụ. O liri nne ya mgbe ọ nwụrụ na Mee 2018 <ref>https://www.manpower.com.ng/people/15952/chuma-mmeka</ref> lie nna ya na Jenụwarị 2019.  Chuma Mmeka bụ onye echiri ọnụ n'ala mgbe ọ bụ nwata, ka nne na nna ya kewara na 1976. <ref name=":0" /> O toro n'okpuru nne ya. Ọ tara ahụhụ na mkparị n'aka ndị ikwu nne ya. O bu nwa mbu n'ezinaulo alụrụ karịa otu nwanyị, A kpọrọ ya efulefu maka na ọ họrọ ndị be nne ya karịa ndị be nna ya. O doro anya na ndụ ya na-egosi n'ụzọ o si ede na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya.  == Nsidee == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Mmeka, Chuma}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] l8wtixy6byqkir58m3a3vjdr5adlydw 0 10795 632297 580347 2026-05-08T11:49:17Z Goodymaraj 21567 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:3|0|0 */ 632297 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Ụsọ Oké Osimiri East<nowiki><br></nowiki><nowiki><br></nowiki><nowiki><br></nowiki><nowiki><br></nowiki><nowiki><span style="font-size:85%;">(w/ mmemme mmepe dị)</span></nowiki><nowiki></br></nowiki>  '''Mmepe Ndịda Anyanwụ''' (asụsụ China dị mfe <span>'Akụkụ ndịda anyanwụ, Nnukwu mmepe'</span> ), yana '''usoro mmepe ndịda anyanwụ ukwu''' ma ọ bụ '''Mkpughe Mmemme ndịda anyanwụ''', bụ amụma akwadoro maka ndịda anyanwụ China. Iwu a kpuchiri mpaghara isii ( Gansu, Guizhou, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Sichuan na Yunnan), mpaghara ise kwụụrụ onwe ya (Guangxi, Mongolia n'ime, [[Ningxia]], Tibet na Xinjiang ), na otu obodo ( Chongqing). Mpaghara a nwere pacent iri asaa na ụma anọ nke mpaghara ala China, mana naanị pacent iri abụọ na ụma asatọ nke ndị bi na ya, na ngwụcha afọ 2002, yana pacentị iri na itoolu na ụma itoolu nke ngụkọta akụ na ụba ya, dịka nke afọ 2015. <ref>[[China Statistical Yearbook]] 2016, National Bureau of Statistics of China</ref> == Akụkọ == N'okpuru ọchịchi Deng Xiaoping, ndị mba China bidoro mmezigharị akụnụba ya n'afọ 1978 site n'ịgbanwe site na akụnụba iwu gaa na akụnụba ahịa . Mpaghara ndị dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri ọwụwa anyanwụ China ritere uru dị ukwuu site na ndozigharị ndị a, akụ na ụba ha gara n'ihu ngwa ngwa. Otú ọ dị, ọkara ọdịda anyanwụ China adaala nke ukwuu. N'ọnwa Maachị nke afọ 1999, Onye odeakwụkwọ izugbe Jiang Zemin kwupụtara atụmatụ usoro mmepe maka ọdịda anyanwụ n'ógbè Nzukọ mba nke itoolu. Ọ ga-akọwapụta atụmatụ a nke ọma n'ọnwa June afọ 1999, bụ mgbe e ji ahịrịokwu ahụ ''nnukwu mmepe ọdịda anyanwụ'', na -aka akara mmalite nke amụma a. <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Lai|first=Hongyi Harry|title=China's Western Development Program: Its Rationale, Implementation, and Prospects|journal=[[Modern China (journal)|Modern China]]|volume=28|issue=2|date=October 2002|issn=1552-6836|doi=10.1177/009770040202800402}}</ref> Onye isi Zhu Rongji gara na mpaghara ọdịda anyanwụ iji kpokọta echiche ndị isi ọdịda anyanwụ banyere atụmatụ a. N'ihi nke a, Kọmitii na-ahụ maka nhazi steeti depụtara atụmatụ mbụ maka atụmatụ ahụ tupu ha nyefee ya n'akaKọmitii Na -ahụ Maka Ọchịchị Politburo n'ọnwa Nọvemba nke afọ1999. <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Shih|first=Victor|title=Development, the Second Time Around: The Political Logic of Developing Western China|journal=[[Journal of East Asian Studies]]|volume=4|issue=3|date=September–December 2004|issn=1598-2408|doi=10.1017/S1598240800006032}}</ref> Otu ndị ọchịchị maka mmepe mpaghara ndịda anyanwụ (西部 地区 开发 领导 小组) bụ ndị Kansụl Steeti e mepụtara n'ọnwa Jenụwarị nke afọ 2000, nke Zhu duru. === Ihe ndekọ nke ihe omume === * 1999: akọwapụtara ntuziaka "Mmepe mpaghara ndịda anyanwụ" * 2000: atụmatụ "Mmepe mpaghara ndịda anyanwụ" bidoro * 2001: eweputara webụsaịtị mmemme "Mmepe mpaghara ndịda anyanwụ" * 2002: owuwu " mpaghara ndịda anyanwụ-ọwụwa anyanwụ" malitere * 2003: amụma nke '[[Iweghachi ala|iweghachi Ala]] ịta ahịhịa na ahịhịa ahịhịa' na-amalite * 2004: edepụtara Iwu maka ịkwalite mmepe ọdịda anyanwụ na atụmatụ mmebe iwu nke ọgbakọ ọgbakọ ndị Nzukọ mba nke iri * 2005: Ewepụrụ mmanye ụgwọ nkuzi na mpaghara ọdịda anyanwụ * 2006: ụgbọ okporo ígwè Qinghai-Tibet malitere ọrụ * 2007: Mịnịstrị na -ahụ maka ego tinyere ijeri yuan narị abụọ na iri asatọ na ọdịda anyanwụ iji kwado ọrụ ndị bụ isi * 2009: Nhazi mpaghara triangle ọdịda anyanwụ <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://en.chinagate.cn/features/Western_Development/2010-01/04/content_19175519.htm|title=Chronicle of Events - en.chinagate.cn|work=en.chinagate.cn|accessdate=18 April 2018}}</ref> == Atụmatụ == [[Usòrò:Qingzang_railway_Train_01.jpg|thumb|Okporo igwe mpagharaQinghai–Tibet]] [[Usòrò:Train_to_Kashgar.jpg|thumb|Okporo igwe mpaghara ndịda Xinjiang]] Akụkụ nke atụmatụ a gụnyere mmepe nke akụrụngwa (ụgbọ njem, osisi ọkụ eletrik, ike, na nkwukọrịta), ịrata itinye ego nke mba ofesi, itinyekwu mbọ na nchedo gburugburu ebe obibi (dịka ịgha mkpụrụ osisi ), ịkwalite agụmakwụkwọ, na njigide akaraka na -abawanye gaa mpaghara ndị bara ụba. Dị ka afọ 2006, ejirila ngụkọta otu ijeri yuan wuo ihe owuwu na ọdịda anyanwụ China.  === Ụgbọ njem === Ụlọ ọrụ mmepe ọdịda anyanwụ nke jikọrọ aka na kansụl steeti wepụtara ndepụta nke nnukwu ọrụ iri ga-ebido n'afọ 2008, yana mkpokọta mmefu ego ijeri yuan narị anọ na iri atọ na isii (ijeri dollar iri isii na anọ na ụma iri na abụọ).  Ọrụ ndị a gụnyere ahịrị okporo igwe ụgbọ oloko ọhụrụ na-ejikọ Guiyang na Guangzhou, Lanzhou na Chongqing, Kashgar na Hotan dị na Xinjiang; okporo ụzọ dị n'etiti Wanyuan na Dazhou na mpaghara Sichuan, Shuikou na Duyun na mpaghara Guizhou; ọrụ mgbasawanye ọdụ ụgbọ elu na Chengdu, Chongqing na Xi'an. Ha gụnyekwara ịrụ ụlọ ọkụ eletrik, ebe a na-egwupụta kol, mmanu gas na na okpokoro eji ewefe mmanụ yana ọrụ ọhaneze na mpaghara ọdịda anyanwụ. Na ngwụsị afọ 2007, China amalitela ọrụ owuwu ihe iri itoolu na abụọ dị mkpa na mpaghara ọdịda anyanwụ, yana itinye ego karịrị otu ijeri yuan na ùma atò. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://rss.xinhuanet.com/newsc/english/2008-06/21/content_8413779.htm|title=Archived copy|accessdate=2009-03-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100302172353/http://rss.xinhuanet.com/newsc/english/2008-06/21/content_8413779.htm|archivedate=2010-03-02}}</ref> Ọrụ ụgbọ okporo ígwè Qinghai-Tibet a ma ama n'ụwa niile setịpụrụ ihe dị mkpa na mmepe obodo Tibet. O jikọtara Tibet na mpaghara etiti China. Tibet abụghịzi mpaghara dịpụrụ adịpụ nke ụgbọ okporo ígwè na-apụghị iru. <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Shiu|first=Alice|title=Economic growth and infrastructure investments in energy and transportation: A causality interpretation of China's Western Development Strategy|journal=Energy Journal|date=2016|volume=37|issue=3|doi=10.5547/01956574.37.si1.ashi}}</ref> === Ọrụ Haịdrọlik === The Ahịrị ukwu nke mpaghara ndịda anyanwụ, ihe nwere ike ime na Nyefe ọrụ ngọ mpaghara ndịda na mgbago ugwu, bụ atụmatụ maka ịwepu mmiri site n'akụkụ mmiri nke osimiri isii na ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ [[China]], gụnyere Mekong, Yarlung Tsangpo na Salween, na mpaghara akọrọ nke mpaghara ugwu China site na usoro nchekwa mmiri, ọwara mmiri na osimiri eke. Ihe oru ngo a nwere ike bụrụ atụmatụ kacha arụrịta ụka ruo taa. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20060919215730/http://atimes.com/atimes/China_Business/HI19Cb02.html Tibet: China's little treasure], by Antoaneta Bezlova</ref> == Mmetụta == [[Usòrò:SkylineOfChongqing.jpg|thumb|Etiti Chongqing, otu n'ime Obodo ise mba etiti]] [[Usòrò:Xi'an_erhuan_southeast.JPG|thumb|Xi'an, isi obodo nke mpaghara Shaanxi ]] [[Usòrò:Kunming_centre.jpg|thumb|Kunming, isi obodo mpagharaYunnan]] [[Usòrò:Lanzhou-036.JPG|thumb|Lanzhou, capital of Gansu province]] [[Usòrò:Tibet_Peaceful_Liberation_Monument,_Potala_Square.jpg|thumb|Lhasa, isi obodo Tibet Kwụrụ onwe ya]] [[Usòrò:Ürümqi skyline, Xinjiang, China, 2004.jpg|thumb|Ürümqi, Isi obodo Xinjiang Kwụrụ onwe ya]] === Mmepe akụ na ụba === Mgbalị China ịmepe mpaghara ọdịda anyanwụ ya enweela mmetụta dị iche iche na mmepe akụ na ụba mpaghara ọdịda anyanwụ. Ọ bụ ezie na nnukwu itinye ego akwalitela mmepụta mpaghara a, na-ewelite GDP nke ọma na mpaghara ọdịda anyanwụ niile, ọrụ ahụ emezughị ebumnuche ya nke iwepụ ọdịiche akụ na ụba n'etiti mpaghara ọwụwa anyanwụ na mpaghara ọdịda anyanwụnke China. Site n'afọ 1999 ruo afọ 2001, Xinjiang na Guangxi gosipụtara mmụba GDP kwa afọ nke ruru Pacentị iri atọ. Mpaghara ọdịda anyanwụ nke China akọpụtala ọnụego uto akụ na ụba kwa afọ nke Pacentị iri na ụma isii maka afọ isii n'usoro. Mkpokọta GDP nke mpaghara ndị ọdịda anyanwụ ruru Puku Ijeri atọ na ụma atọ n'afọ 2005, ma e jiri ya tụnyere otu puku ijeri na ụma iri isii na isii n'afọ 2000, ebe ego ha nwetara na-eto nkezi Pacentị iri maka ndị bi n'obodo mepere emepe na ọdịda anyanwụ yana mmadụ pacentị iri isii na asatọ bi n'ime ime obodo. <ref>http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2006-09/06/content_5055217.htm</ref> Atumatu na-agba ndị China ume site na mpaghara ndị bara ọgaranya na ndị mmadụ juputara na China ịkwaga na mpaghara ọdịda anyanwụ na-enweghị ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ emeela ka mmụba ndị mmadụ na [obodo ole na ole], ọkachasị Qinghai nke mmụba ya dị pacentị iri abụọ na ụma isii. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/shared/spl/hi/guides/456900/456954/html/nn5page1.stm|title=BBC NEWS - In Depth|work=news.bbc.co.uk|accessdate=18 April 2018}}</ref> <ref>Goodman, David S. G.. “The Campaign to ‘Open Up the West’: National, Provincial-level and Local Perspectives.” China’s Campaign to “Open Up the West”: National, Provincial- level and Local Perspectives. Ed. David S.G. Goodman. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004. 8-9. </ref> Ka o sina dị, uto akụ na ụba nke Ọwụwa Anyanwụ China na-aga n'ihu karịa nke ndịda ayanwụ, na-eme ka akụkụ ọdịda anyanwụ nke ngwaahịa ụlọ gara n'ihu na-ada. Ntụkọ ndịda ayanwụ nyere na GDP belatara site na Pacentị iri abụọ na ụma iri asatọ na asatọ n'afọ 1990 ruo Pacentị iri na asaa na ụma iri na atọ n'afọ 2000. <ref>Gu Chaolin, ShenJianfa, and Yu Taofang. “Urban and Regional Development.” Developing China’s West: A critical Path to Balanced National Development. Ed. Y.M. Yeung and ShenJianfa. Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press, 2007. 182.</ref> Mmekọ ọnụ nke GDP kwa mmadụ na ọdịda anyanwụ belatara site na Pacentị iri asaa na atọ na ụma iri atọ n'afọ 1990 ruo Pacentị iri isii na ụma iri asatọ na asaa n'afọ 2000. <ref>Gu Chaolin, ShenJianfa, and Yu Taofang. “Urban and Regional Development.” Developing China’s West: A critical Path to Balanced National Development. Ed. Y.M. Yeung and ShenJianfa. Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press, 2004.185.</ref> N'afọ 1990, GDP nke onye ọ bụla na Shanghai bụ ugboro asaa na ụma atọ nke Guizhou, ógbè kasị daa ogbenye na China; ka ọ na-eru 2000, ọnụ ọgụgụ ahụ amụbaala ugboro iri abụọ na itoolu. <ref>Yeung, Y.M. “Introduction.” Developing China’s West: A critical Path to Balanced National Development. Ed. Y.M. Yeung and ShenJianfa. Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press, 2004.15.</ref> Ihe akaebe sitere na Akwụkwọ afọ mgbakọ na mwepụ nke China na-egosikwa ọdịiche akụ na ụba na-abawanye n'etiti China na ọdịda anyanwụ na ọwụwa anyanwụ, na-egosi na ọnụ ọgụgụ GDP nke ọwụwa anyanwụ na ọdịda anyanwụ mụbara site na abụọ na ụma iri itoolu na asatọ n'afọ 1980 ruo anọ na ụma iri atọ na atọ n'afọ 2000.  === Ntinye ego mba ofesi === Kemgbe ewebatara mgbanwe akụ na ụba na amụma mmeghe ụzọ n'afọ 1978, mpaghara ọdịda anyanwụ anọwo n'ọnọdụ akụ na ụba na-adịghị mma n'ihi na ọ na-ekwe nkwa mweghachite obere nye ndị na-etinye ego karịa ndị ntinye ego ọzọ nọ na-ọwụwa anyanwụ ya. Ya mere, otu n'ime ebumnobi nke mkpughe atụmatụ nke ndịda anyanwụ bụ iwebata ndị itinye ego mba ofesi site na imepụta gburugburu itinye ego kwụsiri ike site na nrụpụta akụrụngwa. Nke a bụ ihe ịga nke ọma maka ọrụ mmepe ọdịda anyanwụ na ọkwa ụfọdụ, maka ọnụ ọgụgụ na-egosi nnukwu mmụba na itinye ego mba ofesi na mpaghara ọdịda anyanwụ, site na US $ otu puku, narị asatọ na iri atọ na asaa ma ụma iri atọ na ise n'afọ 1999 ruo nde $ otu puku, narị itoolu na iri abụọ na abụọ na ụma iri na itoolu n'afọ 2001. Agbanyeghị, ọ bụghị mpaghara niile dị na mpaghara ọdịda anyanwụ sonyere n'ọganihu a. Ọ bụ ezie na itinye ego na mba ofesi na Chongqing toro US nde $ iri na asaa na ụma iri ise na isii n'etiti 1999 n'afo 2001 (site na US nde $ narị abụọ na iri atọ na asatọ ruo nde $ narị abụọ na iri ise na isii na ụma iri anọ na itoolu), itinye ego mba ofesi na Guizhou, Guangxi na Ningxi belatara nke ukwuu, na-agbada ihe dị ka USD $ nde iri na itoolu na ụma iri asaa na otu , $ nde narị abụọ na iri ise na ụma iri itoolu na isii, na $ nde iri atọ na anọ na ụma iri ise na anọ n'otu n'otu. <ref>Fan Jie. “Western Development Policy: Changes, Effects and Evaluation.” Developing China’s West: A critical Path to Balanced National Development. Ed. Y.M. Yeung and ShenJianfa. Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press, 2004.100.</ref> Ọnọdụ Guizhou kpughere mmetụta ọjọọ nke Mmemme Mmepe Ọdịda Anyanwụ. N'agbanyeghị eziokwu ahụ bụ na Guizhou nwetara iri ise na atọ na ụma atọ ijeri yuan na owuwu ihe owuwu n'afọ 2001 naanị, karịa ngụkọta ego nke Atụmatụ Afọ ise nke itoolu (1995-2000) nyere, ego mba ofesi ya belatara site na $ nde iri anọ na ụma itoolu n'afo 1999 ruo $ nde iri abụọ na itoolu na ụma iri abụọ na itoolu n'afọ na 2001, mbelata dị ịtụnanya Pacentị iri atọ na otu, na -eru ebe kachasị ala kemgbe 1997. <ref>Fan Jie. “Western Development Policy: Changes, Effects and Evaluation.” Developing China’s West: A critical Path to Balanced National Development. Ed. Y.M. Yeung and ShenJianfa. Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press, 2004.100.</ref> N'adịghị ka steeti ahụ zubere, ọrụ mbufe ọkụ eletrik ndịda anyanwụ - ọwụwa anyanwụ dị na Guizhou kwenyesiri ike na mmụba na-aga n'ihu na itinye ego mba ofesi n'ụsọ oké osimiri, ebe a na-ebufe ọtụtụ ọkụ eletrik na Guizhou na Guangdong. Tim Oakes, onye prọfesọ na-ahụ maka ọdịdị ala na Mahadum [[Colorado]] dị na Boulder, na-arụ ụka na ọdịda nke itinye ego na mba ofesi na mpaghara ọdịda anyanwụ ụfọdụ bụ nsonaazụ nke mbọ Beijing mere ime ka akụ na ụba mpaghara site na nnukwu oru ngo dị ka ndịda anyanwụ - ọwụwa anyanwụ Guizhou . . <ref>Oakes, Tim. “Building a Southern Dynamo: Guizhou and State Power.” China’s Campaign to “Open Up the West”: National, Provincial-level and Local Perspectives. Ed. David S.G. Goodman. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004. 173.</ref> Ịkwalite njikwa etiti n'etiti akụ na ụba emebiwo ntụkwasị obi nke ndị ọchụnta ego si mba ofesi. Banyere Guizhou, ebe gọọmentị etiti China bu n'obi ịrabata itinye ego mba ofesi na mpaghara ike site na Mgbasa Ọkụ ndịda anyanwụ - ọwụwa anyanwụ, naanị Pacentị ise nke itinye ego si mba ofesi banyere na mpaghara ike. Banyere Pacentị iri asaa na ise nke ntinye ego mba ofesi Guizhou ka etinyere ịmepụta ịhe yana Pacentị iri na ise maka mmepe ala na ụlọ. <ref>Oakes, Tim. “Building a Southern Dynamo: Guizhou and State Power.” China’s Campaign to “Open Up the West”: National, Provincial-level and Local Perspectives. Ed. David S.G. Goodman. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004. 169.</ref> N'ihi na atumatu akụ na ụba nke mkpọsa ahụ bụ atụmatụ nke etiti, mkpọsa ahụ emeela ka e nwee nkụda mmụọ na ntinye ego nke mba ofesi, na-arụ ọrụ megide ebumnuche mbụ ya. === Nchedo gburugburu ebe obibi === N'ịhụta nnukwu mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi na mmemme mmepe akụrụngwa buru ibu, steeti na-akpọsa nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi na mkpọsa ya imepe mpaghara ndịda anyanwụ. Mgbanwe ala ubi na oke ọhịa na ahịhịa bụ atụmatụ kachasị maka mbọ a, na-elekwasị anya na mpaghara dị mkpa maka nchekwa Yangtze. Na Sichuan, gọọmentị chọrọ ichebe oke ọhịa dị nde iri na itoolu na ụma iri abụọ na atọ ma kụọ ọhịa ọhụrụ nde hekta abụọ na ụma iri itoolu na atọ iji belata oke silt na-asọba na Yangtze. <ref>McNally, Christopher A.. “Sichuan: Driving Capitalist Development Westward.” China’s Campaign to “Open Up the West”: National, Provincial-level and Local Perspectives. Ed. David S.G. Goodman. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004.123.</ref> Ihe dị ka puku ala iri abụọ ka a tụgharịrị na Guizhou n'afọ 2001, mpaghara dị mkpa maka nchekwa Yangtze. <ref>Oakes, Tim. “Building a Southern Dynamo: Guizhou and State Power.” China’s Campaign to “Open Up the West”: National, Provincial-level and Local Perspectives. Ed. David S.G. Goodman. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004. 170.</ref> Na Shaanxi, a gbanwere ala ubi hekta puku narị ise na iri asaa na otu na hekta puku narị anọ na puku abụọ na asaa ka ọ bụrụ ọhịa ma ọ bụ ahịhịa n'etiti 1999 na 2002. hekta Ala ubi puku narị abụọ na puku iri asatọ ọzọ na otu mbara ala tọgbọrọ n'efu ka a tụgharịrị n'afọ 2003. <ref>Vermeer, Eduard B.. “Shaanxi: Building a Future on State Support.” China’s Campaign to “Open Up the West”: National, Provincial-level and Local Perspectives. Ed. David S.G. Goodman. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004.101.</ref> Mmemme gburugburu ebe obibi China na ọdịda anyanwụ emeela China “otu n'ime mba ole na ole n'ụwa nke na-amụba oke ọhịa ha ngwa ngwa,” dị ka David Dollar, onye isi [[World Bank|ụlọ akụ ụwa]] na China si kwuo. <ref>Wasserman, Rogerio. “Can China Be Green by 2020?” BBC News. Web. 11 December. 2009. < http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7972125.stm> </ref> Ọ bụ ezie na ọrụ a yiri ka ọ na-aga nke ọma, ọ na-ewepụta gọọmentị nnukwu nsogbu ego. Mgbanwe oke ala ubi na -achọ nnukwu ego maka ịtọgharị ndị ọrụ ugbo. Na mgbakwunye, iji kwụọ ndị ọrụ ugbo ụgwọ maka mfu ha nwetara na ọrụ ugbo, steeti agbaala mbọ inye ha mkpụrụ na ego maka ịkụ osisi na ahịhịa. Nke a na-ebute oke iwu nke yuan iri isii kwa mu nke amụma etiti. Ihe mgbagwoju anya ọzọ bụ enweghị afọ ojuju nke ndị ọrụ ugbo mgbe gọọmentị na-emezughị nkwekọrịta ya, ebe ọ bụ na gọọmentị ime obodo na-akwụkarị ụgwọ maka nrụpụta ya nke ọma, na-ebute nkwụghachi n'etiti yuan iri abụọ ruo iri ise, yana mgbakwunye mkpụrụ ọka narị atọ.  Ndị ọrụ ugbo na-erite uru na nkwụghachi ụgwọ nwa oge ga-adabere na enyemaka gọọmentị ozugbo arụchara ọrụ ịkụ osisi. <ref>McNally, Christopher A.. “Sichuan: Driving Capitalist Development Westward.” China’s Campaign to “Open Up the West”: National, Provincial-level and Local Perspectives. Ed. David S.G. Goodman. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004.128.</ref> tọn ọka puku iri asatọ, nde otu narị na puku iri ise na anọ na mbelata ego enyemaka na nde narị abụọ na iri isii na isii maka ịkpụ osisi n'ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ezinụlọ Puku narị asatọ na-arụ ọrụ ugbo nke etinyegoro na Shaanxi. <ref>Vermeer, Eduard B.. “Shaanxi: Building a Future on State Support.” China’s Campaign to “Open Up the West”: National, Provincial-level and Local Perspectives. Ed. David S.G. Goodman. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004.101.</ref> Ọ bụrụ na gọọmentị mpaghara ekpebie ịsọpụrụ nkwa ya ruo afọ ise ruo asatọ ọzọ, ọ ga-efu ngụkọta yuan ijeri iri na otu na ụma asaa na ọka na enyemaka ego. <ref>Vermeer, Eduard B.. “Shaanxi: Building a Future on State Support.” China’s Campaign to “Open Up the West”: National, Provincial-level and Local Perspectives. Ed. David S.G. Goodman. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004. 101.</ref> Ọnụ ego dị oke ọnụ na-eme ka arụrụ ọrụ nke gburugburu ebe obibi bụrụ ihe a na-enyo enyo. Ọzọkwa, ọ bụ ezie na a na-ekwusi ike banyere ọrụ gburugburu ebe obibi na mkpọsa ahụ, a kpachapụghị anya maka mmetụta nke mmịpụta kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ, mmụba nke ọrụ ọkụ, nju mmiri, na ụgbọ njem na usoro ahịrị nnyefe, ha niile na -emepụta mmetụta ka njọ. gburugburu ebe mmemme gburugburu ebe obibi nwere ike kwụọ ụgwọ ya. <ref>Oakes, Tim. “Building a Southern Dynamo: Guizhou and State Power.” China’s Campaign to “Open Up the West”: National, Provincial-level and Local Perspectives. Ed. David S.G. Goodman. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004. 171.</ref> === Ọganihu ọhụrụ === * Ụzọ ụgbọ okporo ígwè nke Chongqing * Qingzang ụgbọ okporo ígwè, na -ejikọ Lhasa na Xining == Hụkwa == * Oke akụ na ụbaBohai * Mpaghara akụ na ụba nke Yangtze Delta * Ntughari mpaghara ugwu na ọwụwa anyanwụ China * [[Rise of Central China Plan|Ebili nke Etiti atụmatụ China]] * Akụ na ụba nke China * Mpaghara akụ na ụba trịangụlụ nke ndịda anyanwụ == Ebensidee ==  {{Reflist}} == Ịgụ n'ihu == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20051214002549/http://www.atimes.com/atimes/China_Business/GI15Cb01.html Asia Times Online: ụgbụ Asphalt na -ekpuchi ọdịda anyanwụ China] * [http://www.cambridge.org/catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=0521613493 Mgbasa Ozi nke China 'Imepe Ọdịda Anyanwụ'N'ọchịchị, Mpaghara na Mpaghara, ''Ihe Nkwupụta Pụrụ Iche nke Quarterly China (Nke 5)'', nke David SG Goodman deziri] == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20210624111504/http://www.cnwest.cc/ Mmepe Network ọdịda anyanwụ China] [[Òtù:Category:Mmepe Akụ na ụba nke China]] [[Òtù:Category:Edemede nwere asụsụ ọdịnaala China]] [[Òtù:Category:Edemede nwere asụsụ China dị mfe]] lz810mawi9kjo0musultdkrvsrt9pyq 3 11338 632281 632114 2026-05-08T11:16:31Z MediaWiki message delivery 4554 /* Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #247 is out: References from Wikidata now available */ nkeji ohúrù 632281 wikitext text/x-wiki Abụ m Olugold ọ na-amasị m inye aka na ọrụ Wikimedia Foundation. == Have you voted in the UCoC enforcement guidelines ratification? == Hi! Olugold, The ratification voting process for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|revised enforcement guidelines]] of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC) is now open! '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting|Voting commenced on SecurePoll]]''' on 7 March 2022 and will conclude on 21 March 2022. Please [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voter information|read more on the voter information and eligibility details]]. Please vote and encourage other editors of Igbo Wikipedia to also vote. Regards, [[Ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|kwuo]]) 16:39, 11 Ọnwa atọ 2022 (UTC) :Thank you so much [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|kwuo]]) 20:41, 11 Ọnwa atọ 2022 (UTC) == Stefania Turkewich == Thank you very much for this article, Olugold! [[Ọbanife:Nicola Mitchell|Nicola Mitchell]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Nicola Mitchell|kwuo]]) 10:02, 14 Ọnwa asaa 2022 (UTC) :Anytime!😊👍🏾 [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|kwuo]]) 11:38, 14 Ọnwa asaa 2022 (UTC) == [[:Òtù:Candidates for speedy deletion]] == Hi, can you please review these deletion requests? '''[[User:Rschen7754|Rs]][[User talk:Rschen7754|chen]][[Special:Contributions/Rschen7754|7754]]''' 23:58, 8 Ọktoba 2022 (UTC) :Done! Thank you! [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|kwuo]]) 07:20, 9 Ọktoba 2022 (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Movement Charter Drafting Committee's monthly newsletter</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="content" /> [[file:Ask Me Anything on Movement Charter, Introduction by Érica Azzellini, English, Nov 12, 2022.webm|thumb|320px|Ask Me Anything session introduction (12 November), presented by a Movement Charter Drafting Committee member.]] * MCDC members attended the “[[m:Movement Charter/Community Consultation#Ask Me Anything on Movement Charter sessions|'''Ask Me Anything about Movement Charter''']]” sessions to provide more information about the Movement Charter, its goal, why it matters and how it impacts the communities. Recordings of the presentations in different languages can be found [[m:c:Category:Movement_Charter_videos|here]]. * [[m:Movement Strategy and Governance/Movement Charter Ambassadors Program/About|'''The Movement Charter Ambassadors Program''']]: Movement Charter Ambassadors (MCA) are individuals or groups interested in helping to ensure that their communities are fully engaged in community consultations. MCA are interested in supporting their communities to understand the content of the Movement Charter as well as ensuring that their communities can easily provide feedback. Anyone can become a MCA! [[m:Movement Strategy and Governance/Movement Charter Ambassadors Program/grant|Dedicated funds are available]] to support the MCA and their activities. Are you interested in becoming a Movement Charter Ambassador for your community? Sign up [[m:Movement Strategy and Governance/Movement Charter Ambassadors Program/Join|here]]! * [[m:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcements/Closing membership|'''The Movement Charter Drafting Committee will close membership''']]: The  Committee decided not to add new members or replace those who step down after 1 January 2023, unless for exceptional reasons. * [[m:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Updates#October 2022|'''Learn about Movement Charter Drafting Committee’s work in October''']]:  The Committee released its regular monthly update from October 2022. It includes highlights about the Committee's progress in drafting the Movement Charter content, its upcoming community consultation and participation at Wikimedia events. '''Coming up''': * '''[[m:Movement Charter/Community Consultation#Community_consultation|Regional feedback conversations]]:''' The MCDC’s community consultations to collect feedback on the first three sections of the Movement Charter will take place between November 20 and December 18, 2022. You are invited to join one of the regional conversations planned for the eight regions (and various languages) of the Movement. Please note that interested people can share their feedback in different ways, including on the [[m:Talk:Movement Charter|Meta talk page]], on the [https://forum.movement-strategy.org/c/ensure-equity-in-decision-making/movement-charter/21 Movement Strategy forum], filling out a [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/743832 survey] (anonymously) and sending an email to: [mailto:movementcharter@wikimedia.org movementcharter{{@}}wikimedia.org]. * '''Sign up [[m:Movement Strategy and Governance/Movement Charter Ambassadors Program/Join|here]]''' to become a Movement Charter Ambassadors from your community and help ensure that your community is aware of the conversations around the Movement Charter!  <section end="content" /> </div> --13:37, 20 Novemba 2022 (UTC). <!-- Message sent by User:Abbad (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Newsletter/Subscribers&oldid=24094585 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - November 2022 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our twentyfirst newsletter, covering November 2022. This issue has news related to SDGs 3, 5, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16 and 17.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> '''Activities''' * Current: Women in Climate Change editathon in various languages (1 December 2022 - 31 January 2023) (SDG 5 & 13) [17] * Past: Wikipedia and sustainability, how to increase knowledge on climate change? (SDG all) [1] * Past: Wikidata editathon in Swedish during COP 27 (SDG 13) [2] '''News''' * Wikimedia Nederland signed the Wikimedia Affiliates Environmental Sustainability Covenant (SDG all) [3] * WikiProject Govdirectory was featured as Digital Public Goods (SDG 16) [11] * The theme for Wiki Loves Africa 2023 has been revealed: Climate and weather (SDG 13) [16] '''Resources''' * Let's Connect learning report - pilot phase 2022 (SDG 17) [15] '''Research''' * Recommendations for use of annotations and persistent identifiers in taxonomy and biodiversity publishing [SDG 15) [7] * A longitudinal analysis of gender diversity in Wikipedia articles (SDG 5) [13] '''Videos''' * 10 Anos de Wikidata: Wikidata for Open Access to Cultural Heritage, por Susanna Ånäs (AvoinGLAM) (SDG 11) [14] '''New WikiProjects''' * Myosotis Pilot (SDG 15) [12] '''New Wikidata properties''' * Bank of information on the historical and cultural heritage of the Republic of Belarus (SDG 11) [4] * Louisiana Plant ID (SDG 15) [5] * DrugCentral ID (SDG 3) [8] * Probes And Drugs ID (SDG 3) [9] '''New Wikidata query examples''' * Map of water bodies in France (SDG 14) [6] * Gender balances of winners of literary awards (SDG 5) [10] '''Links''' * [1] https://www.wikimedia.nl/session_wikiconnl22/ * [2] https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:WikiProject_Sweden/Swedish_Riksdag_documents/Kopplingssprint_COP_27 * [3] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Affiliates_Environmental_Sustainability_Covenant * [4] https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property:P11184 * [5] https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property:P11189 * [6] https://w.wiki/5wCp * [7] https://doi.org/10.3897/rio.8.e97374 * [8] https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property:P11198 * [9] https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property:P11199 * [10] https://w.wiki/5$BR * [11] https://mailchi.mp/c3e4c371c62a/announcing-new-dpga-members-and-strengthening-dpi-12387620 * [12] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:GLAM/Museum_of_New_Zealand_Te_Papa_Tongarewa/What_We%27ve_Done/Myosotis_Pilot * [13] https://observablehq.com/@pac02/wednesday-index * [14] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vgh5_oD1yec * [15] https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Let%27s_Connect_learning_report_-_pilot_phase_2022.pdf * [16] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wiki_Loves_Africa_2023 * [17] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Women_in_Climate_Change_2022 This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by [[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 22:05, 1 Disemba 2022 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=24143847 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Movement Charter Drafting Committee's monthly newsletter</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="content" /> [[File:Wikimedia Movement Charter - Values and Principles presentation - November 2022.webm|thumb|256px|right|Presentation about the Values & Principles chapter by MCDC member [[m:User:Geugeor|Georges Fodouop]].]] [[File:Wikimedia Movement Charter - Roles and Responsibilities presentation - November 2022.webm|thumb|256px|right|Presentation about the Roles and Responsibilities chapter (statement of intent) by MCDC member [[m:User:Manavpreet Kaur|Manavpreet Kaur]].]] * [[m:special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Updates#November%202022|'''Learn about Movement Charter Drafting Committee’s work in November''']]''':''' As usual, the Committee released its regular monthly updates from November 2022. This month’s updates include highlights about the external facilitator hiring, next in-person meeting of the Committee and updates about the new drafting groups, among others. * [[m:special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Community Consultation|'''First community consultation period:''']] From mid November to mid December 2022 the Committee members took part in 8 regional feedback sessions. Committee members joined the sessions to provide clarifications and answer to questions that came from different language communities on the Movement Charter. ** Recordings of the presentations shared during the regional meetings are available [[m:special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Community Consultation/Regional Conversations#Regional%20conversation|here]] for those interested. ** A list '''[[m:special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Frequently Asked Questions|Frequently Asked Questions]]''' that came up in the calls is available on Meta. ** If you have not shared your feedback on the drafts of the Movement Charter yet, please do so by filling out this [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/743832 '''anonymous survey'''], which is open until '''January 2, 2023''' and is available in '''more than 12 languages'''. * [[m:special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Movement Charter Ambassadors Program/About|'''The Movement Charter Ambassador Program''']] received over 15 proposals. The ambassadors are currently putting their initiatives into action in various local communities. The Movement Charter Ambassadors Program will once again be opened for applications in the second quarter of 2023, in preparation for the next  round of Movement Charter consultations. Both individuals and organizations will be able to apply. Those interested in becoming Movement Charter Ambassadors are encouraged to [[m:special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Movement Charter Ambassadors Program/Join|sign-up]]. '''Coming up''': * '''Community Conversations summary:''' [[m:special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Team|The Movement Strategy and Governance]] team of the Wikimedia Foundation will prepare and publish the final summary report of the community feedback in January 2023. The report will be shared with the MCDC and the communities on different channels of communication. * '''Feedback on the Movement Charter:''' There will be additional ways to engage with the Movement Charter content, including the early feedback on the proposed ratification process and a new set of draft chapters in the second quarter of 2023. <section end="content" /> </div> --14:27, 22 Disemba 2022 (UTC). <!-- Message sent by User:Abbad (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Newsletter/Subscribers&oldid=24275711 --> == Ihe nrite Onye Ntinyeaka == {| style="background-color: #CEF2D4; border: 10px solid Green;" |rowspan="2" style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 5px;" | [[File:Silverwiki 2 za zásluhy.png|100px]] |style="font-size: x-large; padding: 3px 3px 0 3px; height: 1.5em;" | '''Onye ntụgharị Pụrụ iche n'afọ 2022''' |- |style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 3px;" | Anyị n'ekele gị maka ọrụ ị na-arụ na <span class="plainlinks">[https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ihu_mb%E1%BB%A5 Wikipidia Igbo]</span>. '''Daalụ maka ịtụgharị edemede karịrị nari abụọ'''. Ị mere nke ọma, jisie ike! [[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Tochiprecious|ṅkátá]]) 10:48, 28 Disemba 2022 (UTC) |} :Obi dị mu ụtọ maka ihe nrite nke afọ a. Daalụ nke ukwu! [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 20:55, 28 Disemba 2022 (UTC) == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - December 2022 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our twentysecond newsletter, covering December 2022. This issue has news related to SDGs 3, 5, 13, 15 and 16.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> '''Meetings''' * January 15: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/Next_meeting|Online user group meeting]] (SDG all) '''Activities''' * [[c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Plants|Wiki Loves Plants]] (SDG 15) * [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/365_climate_edits|365 climate edits]] (SDG 13) * [[m:Women_in_Climate_Change_2022|Women in Climate Change 2022]] (SDG 5 & 13) '''News''' * [https://blog.tepapa.govt.nz/2022/11/28/museology-myosotis-and-metadata-oh-my-sharing-sustainably-in-wikipedia/ Museology, Myosotis, and metadata oh my! Sharing sustainably in Wikipedia] (SDG 15) '''Resources''' * New Book: [https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-031-05182-1 Open Mapping Towards Sustainable Development Goals] (SDG all) '''Videos''' * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t66i3ztg-1E&t=1717s Margaret Donald - Wikidata, OpenRefine & Biota] (SDG 15) '''Featured content''' * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_alismatid_families|List of alismatid families]] (SDG 15) '''New Wikidata properties''' * [[d:Property:P11231|has biological vector]] (SDG 15) * [[d:Property:P11272|Bureau of Meteorology location ID]] (SDG 13) * [[d:Property:P11277|CIViC gene ID]] (SDG 3) * [[d:Property:P11281|Biographical Dictionary of the Australian Senate ID]] (SDG 16) * [[d:Property:P11282|Tanzania Parliament member ID]] (SDG 16) * [[d:Property:P11311|Lygaeoidea Species File ID]] (SDG 15) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by [[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 14:37, 1 Jenụwarị 2023 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=24307628 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - January 2023 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our twentythird newsletter, covering January 2023. This issue has news related to SDGs 3, 5, 10, 11, 13, 14 and 16<!-- insert related SDGs here -->.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> '''Meetings''' * Upcoming: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/Next_meeting|19 February - User group meeting]] (SDG all) * Past: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/Meeting_minutes_20230115|15 January - User group meeting]] (SDG all) '''Activities''' * Ongoing: [[c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Plants|Wiki Loves Plants]] (SDG 14) * Ongoing: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/365_climate_edits|365 climate edits]] (SDG 13) * Upcoming: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Meetup/Dunedin_5|The 2023 Bug of the Year Edit-a-thon]] (SDG 14) * Past: [https://dicare.toolforge.org/lexemes/challenge.php?id=74 Lexeme challenge Urology] (SDG 3) * Past: [[w:sv:Wikipedia:Veckans_tävling/Grodor_versus_ödlor|Swedish Wikipedia weekly challenge - Frogs versus lizards]] (SDG 14) * Past: [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/December_2022/Contents/New_Zealand_report#Three_hundred_episodes_of_Critter_of_the_Week|Three hundred episodes of Critter of the Week]] (SDG 14) * Past: [https://zenodo.org/record/7521891#.Y9p6MdLMKw4 Wikidata Queries around the SARS-CoV-2 virus and pandemic] (SDG 3) * Past: [[m:Women_in_Climate_Change_2022|Women in Climate Change 2022]] (SDG 5 & 13) '''News''' * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/01/05/the-stories-behind-the-wiki-loves-earth-2022-photos-from-turkiye/ The stories behind the Wiki Loves Earth 2022 photos from Türkiye] (SDG 14) * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2023/01/05/announcing-our-funding-support-from-the-patient-centered-outcomes-research-institute-pcori/ Announcing our funding support from the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI)] (SDG 3) * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2023/01/04/jumping-for-science-how-wikipedia-assignments-inspire-stem-students/ Jumping for science: how Wikipedia assignments inspire STEM students] (SDG 14) * [[w:en:Wikipedia:Meetup/NYC/Birds_of_NYC_Photo_Contest/Winners|Birds of NYC Photo Contest Winners announced!]] (SDG 14) * [https://anchor.fm/civichackerpodcast/episodes/Using-Wikidata-to-Connect-Constituents-With-Their-Government-e1or922 Using Wikidata to Connect Constituents With Their Government] (SDG 16) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/01/23/wiki-loves-earth-2022-presents-the-winners-of-the-special-nomination-human-rights-and-environment/ Wiki Loves Earth 2022 presents the winners of the special nomination “Human rights and environment”!] (SDG 10 & 14) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/01/19/equity-diversity-inclusion-in-affiliate-governance/ Equity, diversity & inclusion in affiliate governance] (SDG 5 & 10) '''Resources''' * [https://www.databricks.com/blog/2023/01/26/building-life-sciences-knowledge-graph-data-lake.htmlBuilding a Life Sciences Knowledge Graph with a Data Lake] (SDG 3) '''Videos''' * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_HW6YxXRL18 Editor uses Wikidata to find new uses for existing drugs and speed up approval process for new treatments] (SDG 3) * [[c:File:WikiForHumanRights_Information_Session_2023.webm|WikiForHumanRights Information Session]] (SDG 10) '''Featured content''' * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_birds_of_Tuvalu|List of birds of Tuvalu]] (SDG 14) * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Laos|List of World Heritage Sites in Laos]] (SDG 11) * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Bangladesh|List of World Heritage Sites in Bangladesh]] (SDG 11) '''New Wikidata properties''' * [[d:Property:P11429|NIP]] (SDG 16) * [[d:Property:P11402|NSR doctor ID]] (SDG 3) * [[d:/Property:P11430|UniProt disease ID]] (SDG 3) * [[d:Property:P11446|Strazha ID]] (SDG 16) * [[d:Property:P11500|United States House of Representatives ID]] (SDG 16) </div> This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by [[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 16:25, 1 Febụwarị 2023 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=24426147 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Movement Charter Drafting Committee's monthly newsletter</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="content" /> [[File:Noun Scroll 308110.svg|120px|right]] * '''First Community Consultation:''' A concise summary of the community consultation on the initial three drafts of the Charter is now available for your review [[m:Movement Charter/Community Consultation/Summary|on Meta]] and [[wmfblog:2023/02/07/movement-charter-community-consultation-summary/|on the Diff platform]]. In addition, you can read about MC Ambassadors are sharing about their experiences: ** [[wmfblog:2023/02/10/highlights-of-the-movement-charter-drafting-committees-first-community-consultation/|Highlights of the community consultation process, as well as about the Movement Charter Ambassador Program]]. ** [[wmfblog:2023/02/10/igbo-wikimedians-communitys-participation-in-the-movement-charter-consultation/|The Igbo Wikimedia community’s participation in the MC consultation]]. ** [[wmfblog:2023/02/01/ambassadors-of-the-movement-charter-draft-committee-in-the-arabic-speaking-community-share-their-experience/|The experience of Arabic-speaking community members]]. * '''What’s next after the community feedback period?''' The Committee is currently reviewing the detailed feedback which consists of 59 pages of comments, in March the Committee will share their response to the comments. The detailed version of the feedback, which the Committee is reviewing, is also available [[m:Movement Charter/Community Consultation/2022|on this Meta page]]. * '''MCDC’s Virtual Working Session:''' The Committee gathered virtually from 3rd to 5th February to work on the drafts of the following new set of [[m:Movement Charter/Content|chapters of the Movement Charter]]: Global Council, Hubs, Decision Making, and Roles & Responsibilities. The Committee members worked in their smaller drafting groups first. The full Committee then convened, with representatives of each drafting group presenting the progress made so far, as well as about what type of support is needed for their future sessions. * [[m:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Updates#January 2023|'''Learn about Movement Charter Drafting Committee’s work in January''']]''':''' The update includes details of the meetings held by the Committee in the month of January 2023, stakeholder conversations, completed work as well as about the new drafting groups, creating glossary and independent legal review. '''Coming up:''' * '''Community feedback on the ratification methodology''' proposal of the future Movement Charter. The feedback was postponed until March 2023. The communities will be able to review the ratification methodology and share their early input on the open questions.   * '''The MCDC will soon announce a “Call for Advisors”.''' The call will be an invitation for interested individuals with relevant expertise and knowledge to participate in drafting the Charter. Advisors will be considered non-voting members. * '''Responses to the community consultation feedback''' by the MCDC. The Committee has been carefully reviewing feedback collected in the consultation from November & December 2022, and will publicly share responses to the feedback by March.   <section end="content" /> </div> --14:20, 22 Febụwarị 2023 (UTC). <!-- Message sent by User:Abbad (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Newsletter/Subscribers&oldid=24476598 --> == A new Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions update is out == There is [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-02-23|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue: the latest changes in our development team, info about our participation at the latest Conversation with Trustees, links to the recordings of our last week's meetings, and the latest development updates. Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] 11:28, 27 Febụwarị 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=24618444 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - February 2023 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our twentyfourth newsletter, covering February 2023. This issue has news related to SDGs 2, 3, 7, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15 and 16<!-- insert related SDGs here -->.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> '''Meetings''' * [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/Next_meeting|2023-03-05 User group meeting]] (SDG all) * [[m:2023-03-19 User group meeting|Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/Next_meeting]] (SDG all) '''Activities''' * Ongoing: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/365_climate_edits|365 climate edits]] (SDG 13) * Ongoing: [[wikimania:2023:Program/Submissions|Suggest "Environmental sustainability and climate crisis" topics for Wikimania]] (SDG all) * Ongoing: [[m:Africa_Environment|Africa Environment WikiFocus]] (SDG 13) * Past: [https://www.eventbrite.com/x/edit-for-climate-change-wikipedia-editathon-registration-526291811977 Edit for Climate Change: Wikipedia Editathon] (SDG 13) * Past: WikiForHumanRights 2023 Campaign: [[m:WikiForHumanRights/Organize|Capacity Building Sessions on "Tools for Finding the Right Articles" and "Building Article List with Petscan"]] (SDG 10 & 13) * Past: WikiForHumanRights 2023 Campaign: [[m:WikiForHumanRights/Resources|Regional Office Hours for Africa and Maghreb Regions]] (SDG 10 & 13) '''News''' * [https://observablehq.com/@thadk/garden NCBI breakdown of common garden foods with photographs by Phytotheca] (SDG 2) '''Resources''' * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/January_2023/Contents/Sweden_report|3000 Arctic images]] (SDG 13) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/January_2023/Contents/Content_Partnerships_Hub_report|SMART-Servier Medical Art upload]] (SDG 3) '''Research''' * [https://fosdem.org/2023/schedule/event/sustainability/ Open Source in Environmental Sustainability] (SDG 13) '''New Wikidata properties''' * [[d:Property:P11576|Norwegian war prisoner detention camp ID]] (SDG 16) * [[d:Property:P11587|Iowa legislator ID]] (SDG 16) * [[d:Property:P11610|National Grid Balancing Mechanism unit ID]] (SDG 7) '''Wikidata query examples''' * [https://w.wiki/5Vu8 Map of disasters by type] (SDG 11) '''Featured articles''' * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:South_Asian_river_dolphin|South Asian river dolphin]] (SDG 14) * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Sri_Lanka|List of World Heritage Sites in Sri Lanka]] (SDG 11) * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_lamiid_families|List of lamiid families]] (SDG 15) </div> <gallery mode=packed caption="Featured images"> File:%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96.jpg|Three horses (SDG 15) File:Hunter_baby_chameleon.jpg|Hunter baby chameleon (SDG 15) File:Rice_paper_butterfly_%2816709%29.jpg|Rice paper butterfly (SDG 15) File:Lasiocampa_quercus_4th_instar_caterpillar_Keila_%28top_view%29.jpg|Lasiocampa quercus 4th instar caterpillar Keila (top view) (SDG 15) File:Lasiocampa_quercus_4th_instar_caterpillar_Keila_%28side_view%29.jpg|Lasiocampa quercus 4th instar caterpillar Keila (side view).jpg (SDG 15) File:Mockingbird_on_the_North_Lake_Trail_%2836851%29.jpg|Mockingbird on the North Lake Trail (SDG 15) File:Striated_Pardalote_0012.jpg|Striated Pardalote (SDG 15) File:Kleines_Wiesenv%C3%B6gelchen_am_Morgen.jpg|Wiesenvögelchen (SDG 15) File:Immature_herring_gull_%2816259%29.jpg|Herring gull (SDG 15) File:Northern_shoveler_male_in_Marine_Park_%2833296%29.jpg|Northern shoveler (SDG 15) </gallery> This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by [[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 18:57, 1 Maachị 2023 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=24647320 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #106 is out == There is [[:m:Abstract_Wikipedia/Updates/2023-03-02|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue: an essay from Denny about deconstructing narratives around functions, links to the recordings of our last presentations, and the latest development updates. Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1678127403 today at 18:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.jit.si/AWVolunteersCorner link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] 09:21, 6 Maachị 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=24664700 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #107 is out == There is [[:m:Abstract_Wikipedia/Updates/2023-03-02|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue: an essay from Denny about where to store objects for Abstract Wikipedia (and relative problems with such issue) and the next appointment with the community. About the last point, we remind you that the next Natural Language Generation workstream public meeting will be held on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1679416242 March 21, at 16:30 UTC] on Jitsi ([https://meet.jit.si/AWVolunteersCorner link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] 11:02, 17 Maachị 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=24726847 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Movement Charter Drafting Committee's monthly newsletter</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="content" /> [[File:Noun Scroll 308110.svg|120px|right]] * '''Call for Advisors'''! Individuals interested to support the Drafting Groups or the Subcommittees of the MCDC in the role of an advisor can [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSd2Fp9NxOox_nxjf9kgV8Q7InIPm4jO9rLmteNkUV34vSHatA/viewform fill out the advisory application form] by May, 2023. The MCDC will be contacting interested individuals on a rolling basis. Do you want to know more about it? Please [[wmfblog:2023/02/21/movement-charter-drafting-committee-call-for-advisors/|read here for more information]]. The information is also available in [[wmfblog:ar/2023/03/02/لجنة-صياغة-ميثاق-الحركة-دعوة-مستشارين/|Arabic]], [[wmfblog:es/2023/03/01/comite-de-redaccion-de-la-carta-del-movimiento-convocatoria-de-asesores/|Spanish]], [[wmfblog:fr/2023/02/27/comite-de-redaction-de-la-charte-du-mouvement-appel-aux-conseillers/|French]], [[wmfblog:pt/2023/02/24/comite-de-redacao-da-carta-do-movimento-wikimedia-chamada-para-pessoas-assessoras/|Brazilian Portuguese]], [[wmfblog:ru/2023/03/02/комитет-по-разработке-устава-движени/|Russian]] and [[wmfblog:zh-hant/2023/03/02/運動憲章起草委員會：徵求顧問/|Chinese]] languages respectively. * '''Movement Charter Ambassadors from the Latin America and the Caribbean region''' share their experiences of organizing community conversations on the Movement Charter. Please read the Diff blog [[wmfblog:pt/2023/03/12/programa-de-pessoas-embaixadoras-da-carta-do-movimento-wikimedia-na-america-latina-e-no-caribe/|in Brazilian Portuguese]] and in [[wmfblog:es/2023/03/16/programa-de-embajadores-de-la-carta-del-movimiento-wikimedia-en-america-latina-y-el-caribe/|Spanish languages]]. * '''Casual updates''': The MCDC publishes regular casual updates after bi-weekly full Committee meetings, as well as after other drafting group and subcommittee meetings. If you are interested, please read casual updates [[m:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Updates/Casual|here on Meta]] and on [https://forum.movement-strategy.org/t/movement-charter-drafting-committees-casual-updates/2079 Movement Strategy Forum]. * [[m:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Updates#February 2023|'''Learn about Movement Charter Drafting Committee’s work in February''']]''':''' As usual, the update includes information about the meetings held by the Committee in this month, as well as about the work that was completed and the ongoing work & discussions. The MCDC’s monthly updates are also [https://forum.movement-strategy.org/t/movement-charters-discussion-and-monthly-updates/363/20 shared on the multilingual Movement Strategy forum]. '''Coming up''' * '''[[m:Movement Charter/Community Consultation/Responses|MCDC Responses to the community feedback]]''': The MCDC published responses [[m:Movement Charter/Community Consultation/Summary|to the community feedback]] on the first set of drafts (collected during a consultation in November - December 2022). The response includes a [[m:Movement Charter/Community Consultation/Responses|Summary]], as well as some [[m:Movement Charter/Community Consultation/2022|specific responses to the full community feedback]] (highlighted in orange). * '''Revised Movement Charter drafts:''' The MCDC will share in the coming month the revised versions of the first two chapters: [[m:Movement Charter/Content/Preamble|Preamble]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Content/Values & Principles|Values & Principles]] (including a newly-added glossary), and the revised [[m:Movement Charter/Content/Roles & Responsibilities|Roles & Responsibilities intentions statement]]. * '''Ratification methodology consultation''': The MCDC is working on a new proposal (not available yet) for a [[m:Movement Charter/Ratification|ratification methodology]]. The proposal will be discussed through a community consultation process, including live meetings to provide feedback. ''Subscribe to this newsletter [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Newsletter|on Meta wiki]]'' <section end="content" /> </div> --11:34, 21 Maachị 2023 (UTC). <!-- Message sent by User:Abbad (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Newsletter/Subscribers&oldid=24745150 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #108 is out == There is [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-03-23|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue we announce [https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-21780-7_6 a new paper] about Natural Language Generation by [https://www.cse.chalmers.se/~aarne/ Aarne Ranta], member of the Abstract Wikipedia NLG Special Interest Group and professor at the [[:w:en:University of Gothenburg|University of Gothenburg, Sweden]]. The paper is also accessible as a pre-print [https://www.grammaticalframework.org/~aarne/preprint-AAM-textgen.pdf here]. Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1680543035 April 3, 2023 at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.jit.si/AWVolunteersCorner link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] 10:50, 24 Maachị 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=24759040 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - March 2023 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our twentyfifth newsletter, covering March 2023. This issue has news related to SDGs 3, 5, 10, 13, 15 and 16.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> '''Meetings''' * Upcoming: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/Next_meeting|User group meeting 2023-04-02]] (SDG all) * Past: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/Meeting_minutes_20230305|User group meeting 2023-03-05]] (SDG all) '''Activities''' * Ongoing: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/365_climate_edits|365 climate edits]] (SDG 13) * Upcoming: [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/03/30/join-the-wikiforhumanrights-campaign-and-contribute-knowledge-that-connects-human-rights-with-solutions-for-a-sustainable-future/ WikiForHumanRights] (SDG 10 & 13) * Upcoming: April 19 - [[m:Translat-a-thon/NYC/2023|LaGuardia Community College Earth Day Translatathon with Casa de las Américas NYC]] (SDG 13) * Upcoming: April 22 - [[w:en:Wikipedia:Meetup/NYC/Earth_Day_2023_Bushwick|Earth Day 2023 Edit-a-thon Environment of Brooklyn Focus with Sure We Can]] (SDG 13) * Upcoming: April 23 - [[w:en:Wikipedia:Meetup/NYC/Earth_Day_Wiknic|Earth Day Wiknic NYC]] (SDG 13) * Past: [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/February_2023/Contents/WMF_GLAM_report|Gender and culture related event to test image suggestions on Wikipedia]] (SDG 5) * Past: [[m:Feminism_and_Folklore_2023|Feminism and Folklore 2023]] (SDG 5) * Past: [[m:Edit_a_thon/artfeminism-edit-a-thon-for-nigerian-female-artists-2023|Art+Feminism edit-a-thon for Nigerian female artists]] (SDG 5) '''News''' * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2023/03/08/putting-our-energy-into-wikipedia-as-climate-action/ Putting our energy into Wikipedia as climate action] (SDG 13) * [https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2023/03/07/how-artfeminism-is-using-wikipedia-to-promote-equity-in-the-art-world/ How Art+Feminism is using Wikipedia to promote equity in the art world] (SDG 5) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/February_2023/Contents/New_Zealand_report|Biodiversity Heritage Library and Wikidata]] (SDG 15) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/February_2023/Contents/USA_report|Black history month and more]] (SDG 10) * [https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2023/03/14/women-do-news-tackling-the-gender-divide-in-journalism-through-wikipedia/ Women Do News: Tackling the Gender Divide in Journalism Through Wikipedia] (SDG 5) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/03/17/wiki-loves-earth-2023-is-starting/ Wiki Loves Earth 2023 is starting!] (SDG 15) * [https://medium.com/@openheritagefoundation/the-quest-to-close-the-gender-gap-on-wikipedia-continues-five-year-anniversary-with-feminism-ebd7a3b3185e The Quest to Close the Gender Gap on Wikipedia Continues; Five-Year Anniversary with Feminism & Folklore] (SDG 5) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/03/28/wikigap-malaysia-2023-empowering-women-in-indigenous-languages/ WikiGap Malaysia 2023: Empowering women in indigenous languages] (SDG 5) * [https://www.canarymedia.com/articles/climate-crisis/wikipedia-has-a-climatetech-problem Wikipedia has a climatetech problem] (SDG 13) '''New Wikidata properties''' * [[d:Property:P11623|NCI Drug Dictionary ID]] (SDG 3) * [[d:Property:P11649|Malaysia Federal Legislation act ID]] (SDG 16) * [[d:Property:P11650|Moscow University Herbarium ID]] (SDG 15) * [[d:Property:P11666|Norwegian Petroleum Directorate field ID]] (SDG 13) '''Featured content''' * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_Saxifragales_families|List of Saxifragales families]] (SDG 15) * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:Red-throated_wryneck|Red-throated wryneck]] (SDG 15) </div> <gallery mode=packed caption="Featured images"> Ourapteryx_yerburii_ssp._specimens_and_male_genitalia.jpg|Ourapteryx yerburii ssp. specimens and male genitalia (SDG 15) Pterophorus_pentadactyla_-_Keila.jpg|Pterophorus pentadactyla (SDG 15) Wood_duck_drake_%2886815%29.jpg|Wood duck drake (SDG 15) Cardinal_%2886755%29.jpg|Cardinal (SDG 15) Bunten_Kronwicke_%28Securigera_varia%29_Bl%C3%BCte-20200626-RM-173640.jpg|Bunten Kronwicke (Securigera varia) (SDG 15) Neubrunn_Steinbruch_Blutrote_Heidelibelle_%28Sympetrum_sanguineum%29_8262082.jpg|Sympetrum sanguineum (SDG 15) Boerenkrokus_%28Crocus_tommasinianus%29_28-02-2023_%28d.j.b.%29.jpg|Crocus tommasinianus (SDG 15) Papaya_-_longitudinal_section_close-up_view.jpg|Papaya - longitudinal section close-up view (SDG 15) Aphantopus_hyperantus_-_Keila.jpg|Aphantopus hyperantus (SDG 15) Australian_Zebra_Finch_0A2A3013.jpg|Australian Zebra Finch (SDG 15) Melospiza_melodia_JRVdH_03.jpg|Melospiza melodia (SDG 15) Roadside_hawk_%28Rupornis_magnirostris_griseocauda%29_eating_speckled_racer_%28Drymobius_margaritiferus%29_Orange_Walk.jpg|Roadside hawk (Rupornis magnirostris griseocauda) eating speckled racer (Drymobius margaritiferus) (SDG 15) Black_iguana_%28Ctenosaura_similis%29_Cayo.jpg|Black iguana (Ctenosaura similis) (SDG 15) Cerastis_rubricosa_caterpillar_%28side_view%29_-_Keila.jpg|Cerastis rubricosa caterpillar (side view) (SDG 15) Cerastis_rubricosa_caterpillar_%28dorsal_view%29_-_Keila.jpg|Cerastis rubricosa caterpillar (dorsal view) (SDG 15) Fr%C3%BChlings-Knotenblume_%28Leucojum_vernum%29-20230220-RM-161056.jpg|Frühlings-Knotenblume (Leucojum vernum) (SDG 15) Ocellated_turkey_%28Meleagris_ocellata%29_male_Peten.jpg|Ocellated turkey (Meleagris ocellata) male (SDG 15) Geoffroy%27s_spider_monkey_%28Ateles_geoffroyi_yucatanensis%29_Peten_2.jpg|Geoffroy's spider monkey (Ateles geoffroyi yucatanensis) (SDG 15) Bessen_van_een_Ophiopogon_planiscapus_%27Niger%27._28-02-2023._%28d.j.b%29.jpg|Ophiopogon planiscapus (SDG 15) Protaetic_cuprea_ignicollis_2023-03-22_IZE-066.jpg|Protaetic cuprea ignicollis (SDG 15) Monarch_butterflies_%28Danaus_plexippus_plexippus%29_Piedra_Herrada_2.jpg|Monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus plexippus) (SDG 15) Cepaea_nemoralis_Paarung-20230314-RM-110511.jpg|Cepaea nemoralis (SDG 15) Wiesen_Pippau_%28Crepis_biennis%29-20220624-RM-123950.jpg|Crepis biennis (SDG 15) Keel-billed toucan (Ramphastos sulfuratus sulfuratus) on foxtail palm (Wodyetia bifurcata) Cayo.jpg|Keel-billed toucan (Ramphastos sulfuratus sulfuratus) on foxtail palm (Wodyetia bifurcata) (SDG 15) Trifolium_spadiceum_-_Niitv%C3%A4lja.jpg|Trifolium spadiceum (SDG 15) </gallery> This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by [[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 07:42, 1 Eprel 2023 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=24816279 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Movement Charter Drafting Committee's monthly newsletter</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="content" /> [[File:MCDC_pre_work_at_New_York_BoT_retreat.jpg|thumb|260x260px|Committee's meeting in New York, in early March.]] * '''Starting conversations on how to ratify the Movement Charter:''' The Committee invites the Wikimedia movement to express opinions on the [[m:Movement Charter/Ratification|'''proposed Movement Charter ratification methodology''']] from April 10 to April 28. Everyone is invited to share feedback [[m:Talk:Movement Charter#Ratification methodology|on the Meta talk page]] or the [https://forum.movement-strategy.org/t/movement-charter-ratification-methodology-community-review-from-10-28-april-2023/2930 Movement Strategy forum]. Two community conversation hours are planned to take place: on '''April 18 at 10.00 UTC''' and '''April 24 at 17.00 UTC'''. Please [[m:Movement Charter/Ratification/Ratification methodology review launch|read the details here]]. * [[m:Movement Charter/Community Consultation/Responses|'''MCDC’s responses to the community feedback are now on Meta''']]''':''' The Committee has shared a summary of their responses and next steps based on the feedback from the first round of community consultation which took place late 2022. * '''What to read on Diff?''' ** [[wmfblog:2023/03/17/4-movement-charter-ambassadors-from-the-french-speaking-community-share-their-experience/|'''Learn more about the Movement Charter Ambassadors work''']]''':''' Movement Charter Ambassadors from the French-speaking community share their experience. ** MCDC member [[m:User:Manavpreet Kaur|Manavpreet Kaur]] has written a blog post titled “[[wmfblog:2023/03/30/an-excerpt-from-my-life-movement-strategy-and-mcdc/|An excerpt from my life, movement, strategy and MCDC]]”. * [[m:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Updates#Meetings|'''Learn about Movement Charter Drafting Committee’s work in March''']]''':''' the monthly Committee’s updates include information about the coordination efforts with Wikimedia Germany, update on membership, submission to Wikimania 2023, participation at the Wikimedia Foundations Board of Trustees’ strategic retreat in New York in March 2023. '''Coming up:''' * '''Revised chapters:''' The Committee is preparing to publish the revised draft chapters of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Content/Preamble|The Preamble]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Content/Values & Principles|Values & Principles]], and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Content/Roles & Responsibilities|Roles & Responsibilities]] intentions statement, based on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Community Consultation/2022|the community feedback]] received in November and December 2022. * '''Inviting advisors and experts:''' The Committee is preparing to welcome a number of advisors from outside the Committee. All interested Wikimedians were invited to apply earlier (you can still [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSd2Fp9NxOox_nxjf9kgV8Q7InIPm4jO9rLmteNkUV34vSHatA/viewform apply here]!). Additionally, the Committee is planning and scheduling meetings with individuals with specific sets of expertise in various topics, including stewards, movement committees, Wikimedia Foundation and affiliate staff, and others. ''Subscribe to this newsletter [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Newsletter|on Meta wiki]]'' <section end="content" /> </div> --19:18, 15 Eprel 2023 (UTC). <!-- Message sent by User:Abbad (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Newsletter/Subscribers&oldid=24859561 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #109 is out == There is [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-04-19|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue: a reflection about implementation of functions, a [https://keet.wordpress.com/2023/03/14/some-reflections-on-designing-abstract-wikipedia-so-far/ reflection on Abstract Wikipedia] from [[User:Keet10|Prof. Maria Keet]], and a reminder about an in-person talk about Abstract Wikipedia in Sweden. Also, we remind you that the next Natural Language Generation special interest group public meeting will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1682440206 April 25, 2023 at 16:30 UTC]''' on Jitsi ([https://meet.jit.si/AWVolunteersCorner link to the meeting]). Special guest of the meeting will be [https://github.com/olpa/multi-nlg Oleg Parashchenko], who will share his experience and thoughts about implementing a multilingual NLG system. Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] 09:11, 21 Eprel 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=24759040 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #110 is out == There is [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-04-28|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue: Wikimedia Endowment finances development of the project, and the team has published its manifesto, Objectives and Key Results (OKRs) and communications principles. Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1683567008 May 8, 2023 at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.jit.si/AWVolunteersCorner link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 09:54, 2 Mee 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=24759040 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - April 2023 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our twenty-sixth newsletter, covering April 2023. This issue has news related to SDGs 2, 4, 5, 6, 11, 13, 14, 15 and 16.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> '''Meetings''' * Upcoming: [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|User group meeting 2023-05-07]] (SDG all) * Past: [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20230402|User group meeting 2023-04-02]] (SDG all) '''Activities''' * Ongoing: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/365_climate_edits|365 climate edits]] (SDG 13) * Ongoing: [[m:WikiForHumanRights/Join_the_Challenge|WikiForHumanRights 2023 International Writing Contest]] (SDG 13, 14, 6) * Ongoing: [[m:WikiForHumanRights/Join_Community_Events|WikiForHumanRights 2023 local community events]] (SDG 13, 15, 14, 6) * Ongoing: [[m:Wiki_Climate_Campus_Tour_Nigeria|WikiCampusTourNigeria Project]] (SDG 6, 13, 14, 15) * Upcoming (and past): [[w:sv:Wikipedia:Skrivstuga/Kvinnor,_arkitektur_och_design|Women, architecture and design]] (SDG 5) * Past: [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March_2023/Contents/Albania_report|WikiGap Tirana 2023, Albania]] (SDG 5) * Past: [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March_2023/Contents/Brazil_report|BBC 100 women editathon]] (SDG 5) * Past: [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March_2023/Contents/Kosovo_report|WikiGAP in Prishtina]] (SDG 5) * Past: [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March_2023/Contents/Switzerland_report|15 Days of French women writers]] (SDG 5) * Past: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Meetup/DC/TSU_USF_Women%27s_History_Month_Wikipedia_Edit-a-thon|TSU USF Women's History Month Wikipedia Edit-a-thon]] (SDG 5) * Past: [[w:en:Wikipedia:WikiProject_Smithsonian_AWHI/Meetup/Crafting_a_Better_Wikipedia:_Women_of_Color_in_the_Renwick_Gallery|Crafting a Better Wikipedia: Women of Color in the Renwick Gallery]] (SDG 5) '''News''' * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/04/07/tuswug-s2e2-women-in-wiki/ TUSWUG S2E2: Women in Wiki] (SDG 5) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/04/13/inaugural-edition-of-the-organizer-lab-awards-6-community-grants/ Inaugural edition of the organizer lab awards – 6 community grants] (SDG 5 & SDG 13) * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2023/03/29/bolstering-womens-voices-and-histories-on-wikipedia/ Bolstering women’s voices and histories on Wikipedia] (SDG 5) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March_2023/Contents/Brazil_report|A huge upload for biologists]] (SDG 15) * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ycPPBhuQPhs&ab_channel=WikimediaFoundation WikiForHumanRights 2023 Launch Webinar] (SDG 13, 14, 6) * [[m:WikiForHumanRights/Organize|WikiForHumanRights 2023 and WMF Human Rights Team Online Safety Capacity Building for Organizers]] (SDG 13) * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xLBSSlrI2vo WikiForHummanRights 2023 and Let's Connect Capacity building on good practices for retention] (SDG 13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/04/20/living-through-a-triple-planetary-emergency-capturing-the-most-impactful-knowledge-to-weather-the-storm/ Living through a Triple Planetary Emergency: Capturing the Most Impactful Knowledge to Weather the Storm] (SDG 10 & SDG 13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/04/20/wikimedia-foundation-environmental-sustainability-report-for-2022/ Wikimedia Foundation Environmental Sustainability Report for 2022] (SDG 13) * [[:File:Wikimedia_h%C3%A5llbarhetsrapport_2022.pdf|Wikimedia Sverige sustainability report 2022]] (in Swedish) (SDG 13) '''Research''' * [https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/brv.12964 Hypotheses in urban ecology: building a common knowledge base] (SDG 15) '''New Wikidata properties''' * [[d:Property:P11698|student retention rate]] (SDG 4) * [[d:Property:P11704|INEP ID]] (SDG 4) [51] * [[d:Property:P11729|Kulturenvanteri.com ID]] (SDG 11) * [[d:Property:P11747|holds diplomatic passport of]] (SDG 16) * [[d:Property:P11741|SINTA affiliation ID]] (SDG 4) '''Featured content''' * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_afrosoricids|List of afrosoricids]] (SDG 15) </div> <gallery mode=packed caption="Featured images"> Scarlet_macaw_%28Ara_macao_cyanopterus%29_Copan.jpg|Ara macao cyanopterus (SDG 15) Leptura_quadrifasciata_female_-_Keila.jpg|Leptura quadrifasciata (SDG 15) Bursa_lamarckii_01.jpg|Bursa lamarckii (SDG 15) Scarlet_macaw_%28Ara_macao_cyanopterus%29_head_Copan.jpg|Ara macao cyanopterus (SDG 15) Western_Bowerbird_0A2A0436.jpg|Chlamydera guttata (SDG 15) White-breasted_nuthatch_%2826471%29.jpg|Sitta carolinensis (SDG 15) Patzmannsdorf_-_K%C3%BCrbisfeld_mit_Pfarrkirche_und_Raiffeisen-Silo_in_Stronsdorf.jpg|Pumpkin field (SDG 2) Cinnamon-bellied_flowerpiercer_%28Diglossa_baritula%29_male_on_Indian_shot_%28Canna_indica%29_Finca_El_Pilar.jpg|Diglossa baritula & Canna indica (SDG 15) Knoppen_van_een_esdoorn_%28Acer_platanoides%29._03-04-2023_%28d.j.b.%29.jpg|Acer platanoides (SDG 15) Cinnamon_hummingbird_%28Amazilia_rutila%29_in_flight_Los_Tarrales.jpg|Amazilia rutila (SDG 15) Passion_fruits_-_whole_and_halved.jpg|Passiflora edulis (SDG 15) Golden-fronted_%28Velasquez%27s%29_woodpecker_%28Melanerpes_aurifrons%29_male_Copan.jpg|Melanerpes aurifrons (SDG 15) Argiope_spider_female_adult_on_her_web_dorsal_view_black_background_Don_Det_Laos.jpg|Argiope versicolor (SDG 15) Daslook._Allium_ursinum%2C_zwellende_bloemknop._18-04-2022_%28actm.%29_04.jpg|Allium ursinum (SDG 15) Fallen_leaf_of_Platanus_x_hispanica_%281%29.jpg|Platanus x hispanica (SDG 15) Thymelicus_lineola_underside_-_Keila.jpg|Thymelicus lineola (SDG 15) Japanse_esdoorn_%28Acer_palmatum%29_03-04-2023_%28d.j.b.%29.jpg|Acer palmatum (SDG 15) [38] Common_kestrel_%28Falco_tinnunculus%29_female_%28IMGP1648r2-DNA%29.jpg|Falco tinnunculus (SDG 15) [39] California_sea_lion_nap_time_in_La_Jolla_%2870474%29.jpg|Zalophus californianus (SDG 15) [40] Bladknop_van_een_esdoorn_%28Acer%29._13-04-2023_%28d.j.b.%29_01.jpg|Acer pseudoplatanus (SDG 15) Tamarind_fruits_%28Tamarindus_indica_%27Si_Thong%27%29.jpg|Tamarindus indica (SDG 15) White_leucistic_squirrel_with_a_peanut_%2885668%29.jpg|Sciurus carolinensis (SDG 15) [43] Fork-tailed_flycatcher_%28Tyrannus_savana_monachus%29_in_flight_Cayo.jpg|Tyrannus savana monachus (SDG 15) Rapa_incurva_01.jpg|Rapa incurva (SDG 15) Arboreal_stingless_bee_nest_%28Trigona_sp.%29_Flores.jpg|Trigona sp. (SDG 15) </gallery> This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by [[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 19:31, 2 Mee 2023 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=24969562 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Movement Charter Drafting Committee's monthly newsletter</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="content" /> '''Updates:''' * '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Community_Consultation#April_2023_ratification_methodology_community_review|Charter Ratification Methodology proposal conversations]]''': The Movement Charter Drafting Committee recently held the first conversations regarding the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Ratification|ratification methodology for the Movement Charter]]. The MCDC has received valuable feedback from different communities and the Committees during the community input period. The report of the community input will be shared in May, while the updated version of the ratification methodology will be presented between September and November 2023. * '''Communication evaluation''': The Communications sub-committee of the MCDC together with the support staff conducted an evaluation of the communications. The Communications sub-committee appreciates the time and input of the community members who shared their opinions during the interviews. Several recommendations are going to be implemented in the upcoming period based on the valuable input. * '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Updates#April_2023|Learn about the MCDC’s work in April]]''': The MCDC continues to draft additional chapters: The Global Council, Hubs, Decision-making and Roles & Responsibilities. Alongside the drafting work, the MCDC is planning their in-person meeting scheduled for 2-4 June in Utrecht, Netherlands with the aim of advancing the charter's content. '''What’s coming up?''' * Participants of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WikiNusantara_2023|WikiNusantara 2023 in Banjarmasin, Indonesia]] are invited to join a [[m:WikiNusantara_2023/Acara/Selayang_Pandang_Arah_Strategis_Gerakan_Wikimedia:_Kolaborasi_WMF_dan_Komunitas|session on the topics around Wikimedia Movement Strategy and community collaboration]] on May 20. [[m:User:RamzyM_(WMF)|Ramzy Muliawan]] will provide updates, share about the Movement Charter Ambassadors Program and answer the questions. ''Subscribe to this newsletter [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Newsletter|on Meta wiki]]'' <section end="content" /> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Newsletter/Subscribers&oldid=25016423 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #111 is out == There is [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-05-12|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue: a new full stack software engineer joins the development team, and a presentation of a paper co-authored by Denny about the history of Wikidata. Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:04, 15 Mee 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=24759040 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletters #112 and #113 are out == There are new updates for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions! Please, come and read them! On May 17, 2023, we [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-05-17|thanked Julia]] for her work and we wished her well for her new work with the Trust & Safety team. On May 25, 2023, we [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-05-25|presented our new viewing and editing experience]] for Wikifunctions. Want to catch-up with the previous updates? Check [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 09:58, 26 Mee 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=25053227 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #114 is out == There is [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-06-02|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue: a very brief note about the Wikimedia Hackathon in Athens. Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1685986233 June 5, 2023 at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.jit.si/AWVolunteersCorner link to the meeting]). Note: since last time we've had some network problems with Jitsi, <u>in case of new malfunctions</u> during next meeting we will provide on short notice a Google Meet link to the participants. Thanks for your understanding. Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 07:08, 3 Jụn 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=25053227 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #115 is out == There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-06-07|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue we present the new interface for multilingual editing, and we discuss the results of our "fix-it week". Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 08:35, 9 Jụn 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=25053227 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletters #116 and #117 are out == There are new updates for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions! Please, come and read them! On June 22, we [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-06-22|summarised the results]] of our annual in-person meeting in Delft, The Netherlands. On June 28, we [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-06-28|thanked Cai and Allan]] for their work and we wished them well for their new endeavours. Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1689010212 July 10, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.jit.si/AWVolunteersCorner link to the meeting]). Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:02, 4 Julaị 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=25213308 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletters #118 to #121 are out == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> There are new updates for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions! Please, come and read them! On July 20, we shared an [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-07-20|update on our plans for the initial deployment of Wikifunctions]] in the next few weeks, what will be possible, and changes to the development in the last few weeks. Also, a request for suggestions on what should be the very first Function to be created in Wikifunctions. On July 17, we announced a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-07-17|grant from Google.org]]. On July 12, we announced a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-07-12|grant from The Rockefeller Foundation]]. On July 7, we welcomed a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-07-07|new Director of Product]] to the team. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[m:User:Quiddity (WMF)|Quiddity (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Quiddity (WMF)|talk]]) 21:38, 20 Julaị 2023 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=25312292 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Movement Charter Drafting Committee's monthly newsletter</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="content" /> [[File:Noun Scroll 308110.svg|180px|right]] ''This newsletter combines content from both June and July, due to a delay in sharing out the previous newsletter.'' '''Updates:''' * '''New Movement Charter content published:''' The Committee published new draft chapters on the [[m:Movement Charter/Content/Global Council|'''Global''' '''Council''']], [[m:Movement Charter/Content/Hubs|'''Hubs''']] and the [[m:Movement Charter/Content/Glossary|'''Glossary''']]. You are invited to share your feedback or ask any questions you may have to the Committee before September 1, 2023 on the following talk pages: ** [[m:Talk:Movement Charter/Content/Global Council|Share your feedback on The Global Council draft]] ** [[m:Talk:Movement Charter/Content/Hubs|Share your feedback on Hubs draft]] * [[m:Movement Charter/Content/One-page draft|'''Revised draft chapters published on Meta:''']] The Committee has shared the revised draft chapters: [[m:Movement Charter/Content/One-page draft#Preamble|Preamble]], [[m:Movement Charter/Content/One-page draft#Values & Principles|Values & Principles]], and [[m:Movement Charter/Content/One-page draft#Roles & Responsibilities|Roles & Responsibilities]] intentions statement. These revisions are based on the [[m:Movement Charter/Community Consultation#November-December 2022 consultation|community feedback]] received in November-December 2022. * [[m:wmfblog:2023/06/02/how-will-the-wikimedia-movement-ratify-its-charter/|'''Ratification Methodology community feedback:''']] The summary of community feedback on the proposed methodology for the ratification of the Charter is on Diff. * Listen to the [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jy_IQ_G1wEI '''WikiAfrica Hour #46: Africa and Movement Charter'''], where MCDC members [[m:User:Anass Sedrati|Anass Sedrati]] and [[m:User:Geugeor-WMF|Georges Foudoup]]  talk about Movement Charter, its aims and objectives, and the relevance to the African community. * MCDC member’s are busy participating in various community events to discuss Movement Charter. [[m:User:Manavpreet Kaur|Manavpreet Kaur]], a member of the Global Council and Roles and Responsibilities Drafting Groups [[m:EduWiki Conference 2023/Program/MCDC|joined the EduWikiConference 2023]].  The MCDC support staff [[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|Ramzy Muliawan]] shared updates about the charter at [[m:WikiNusantara 2023|WikiNustantara 2023]] in Banjarmasin, Indonesia ([https://twitter.com/wikimediaid/status/1659772318913294336 @wikimediaid on Twitter]). The Wikimedia communities in Indonesia were engaged by [[m:Grants:Project/MSIG/Arcuscloud/Movement Charter Ambassadors Program|Movement Charter Ambassador]] [[m:User:Arcuscloud|Arcuscloud]] in the [[m:Grants:Project/MSIG/Arcuscloud/Movement Charter Ambassadors Program|last round of community conversations]]. * [[m:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Updates#May 2023|'''Learn about MCDC’s work in May & June:''']] as usual, the update includes information about the meetings held by the Committee in this month, as well as about the work that was completed and the ongoing work & discussions. '''What’s coming up?''' * [[m:Movement Charter/Community Consultation#MCDC Live Launch Party|'''Join the live launch party''']]: The Drafting Committee is hosting a launch party on July 30th at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1690725614 14.00 UTC] to celebrate the new drafts, introduce them to the community and give space for sharing thoughts and feedback. [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/meeting/register/tZYsdOiurT0vHta6stHaiHHEyrwK3RUPveBR#/registration '''Register here to receive a Zoom link to the launch party.'''] * [[m:Movement Charter/Ambassadors Program/Grant|'''Movement Charter Community Conversation grants''']] are open for individuals or groups who want to organize conversations about the Charter content. Talk to us if you need any support on [https://forum.movement-strategy.org/c/ensure-equity-in-decision-making/movement-charter-ambassadors/38 the MS Forum]! Apply for a grant before Jul 30, 2023. * [[m:wmania:2023:Wikimania|'''Wikimania 2023''']]''':''' Wikimania 2023: Members of the Movement Charter Drafting Committee are excited to be attending Wikimania Singapore in August, to speak to and hear from you in person (and hybrid) about the four drafts and the Charter in general. * '''Community events:''' MCDC members will be present in the [[m:Wikimedia CEE Meeting 2023|CEE Meeting]] in September in Georgia to discuss the Charter content with the CEE and CA communities. In addition, the MCDC prioritizes participation in the conferences planned for 2023 to continue conversations on the content of the Charter with the communities: [[m:WikiConvention francophone/2023|WikiConvention Francophone]], [[m:WikiWomenCamp 2023|WikiWomen Camp]],  [[m:WikiIndaba conference 2023|WikiIndaba Morocco]], [[m:wikiconference:2023/Main_Page|WikiConference North America]], [[m:GLAM Wiki 2023|GLAM Wiki Conference]], among others. ''Subscribe to this newsletter [[m:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Newsletter|on Meta wiki]]'' <section end="content" /> </div> --12:25, 30 Julaị 2023 (UTC). <!-- Message sent by User:Abbad (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Newsletter/Subscribers&oldid=25275952 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #122 is out: Wikifunctions is live! == There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-07-26|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we announce that [https://www.wikifunctions.org/wiki/Wikifunctions:Main_Page Wikifunctions.org] is live (in read-only mode), we welcome a new member of the team, and we announce a new job opening. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 16:02, 31 Julaị 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=25357486 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Movement Charter Drafting Committee's monthly newsletter: August 2023</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="content" /> '''Updates''' * '''Community consultation''': The community consultation on the [[m:Special:MyLanguages/Movement_Charter/Content/Global_Council|Global Council]], [[m:Special:MyLanguages/Movement_Charter/Content/Hubs|Hubs]], and the [[m:Special:MyLanguages/Movement_Charter/Content/Glossary|Glossary]] drafts is ongoing. We value your input, if you have not already, please take a moment to review the draft chapters and share your thoughts with the MCDC. We’ve posed open questions we would like your opinion on. Feel free to engage in a way that is most comfortable for you and your community. Learn more on our Diff blogs about the [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/07/13/a-global-council-for-our-movement/ Global Council] and [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/07/27/building-wikimedia-movement-hubs-together/ Hubs]. * '''Launch Party''': On July 30 we hosted a Launch Party to share the Global Council and Hubs draft chapters. It was an inspiring event where we had the opportunity to listen to your feedback and address some of your questions. If you missed it, you can catch the [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SItWeX78tv8&list=LL&index=4 recording on YouTube]. * '''Community Conversations''': We want to hear from as many people as possible. On July 16, the SWAN meeting opened its doors and offered an opportunity to interact with the MCDC members regarding the new drafts of the charter. [[m:Strategic_Wikimedia_Affiliates_Network/2023_07#Notes|Notes are available here]]. On July 28, a regional conversation with the Francophone community was held. Here comes a [[m:Talk:Movement_Charter/Content/Global_Council#Summary_of_the_feedback_from_the_francophone_conversation|short summary here in English and French]]. Additionally, on August 2 we had a fruitful conversation with the [[m:Talk:Movement_Charter/Content/Hubs#Summary_from_2_August_call|LATAM region]]. * '''[[m:Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Updates#July_2023|MCDC’s Work in July]]''': As usual, the update includes information about the meetings held by the Committee in this month, as well as about the work that was completed and the ongoing work & discussions. '''Upcoming''' * '''Join the MCDC at Wikimania''': Whether you’ll be at Wikimania 2023 in person or joining virtually, there are a few events that we would like to invite you to. Please drop by for a casual conversation. We would love to connect to workshop any ideas together. Drop in, get a sweet treat, and share your thoughts with us! [https://wikimania.wikimedia.org/wiki/2023:Registration Register] and see below for an overview of our time together: ** Tuesday, August 15 *** {{zonestamp|2023-08-15 02:00|02:00 UTC}}: [https://pretalx.com/wm2023/talk/UVKSKQ/ '''Movement Strategy & Governance Connection track - Welcome and opening'''] (Room 325) *** {{zonestamp|2023-08-15 05:45|05:45 UTC}}: [https://pretalx.com/wm2023/talk/FJCXUP/ '''Movement Charter Drafting Committee: Open office hour'''] (Room 326) ** Wednesday, August 16 *** {{zonestamp|2023-08-16 03:15|03:15 UTC}}: [https://pretalx.com/wm2023/talk/EYGDHC/ '''Role Play the Future Roles and Responsibilities in the Movement'''] (Room 326) ** Thursday, 17 August *** {{zonestamp|2023-08-17 03:15|03:15 UTC}}: [https://pretalx.com/wm2023/talk/AWXHMA/ '''Movement Charter Content Discussions'''] (Room 310) * A '''[[m:Special:MyLanguages/Movement_Charter/Community_Consultation#Regional_conversation:_Middle_East_and_North_Africa|regional call tailored for the MENA region]]''' will be conducted in Arabic on September 2 at 17.00 UTC. Kindly indicate your interest to attend this meeting. ''Subscribe to this newsletter [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Newsletter|on Meta-wiki]]'' <section end="content" /> </div> MCDC Support Team, 23:53, 14 Ọgọọst 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Newsletter/Subscribers&oldid=25458213 --> == Spam article == @[[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] [[Suraj Rana]] a blank page, requested for speedy deletion under the reason of "no useful content, spam page" [[Ihü kárírí:Contributions/82.115.220.168|82.115.220.168]] 12:16, 20 Ọgọọst 2023 (UTC) :Thanks for this notification [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 17:17, 20 Ọgọọst 2023 (UTC) == Spam Articles == @[[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] Pages that are requested for speedy deletion, I mentioned the link to the page & reason below : 1) [[Krishnam Kumar]] Reason : Language, written in english language in igbo wikipedia also, Telegram links are included in reference list, it indicates self promotion links. 2) [[Jhonnchefe]] Reason : Language, Self Promotional links are included like spotify, apple music, jaxta, YouTube. 3) [[Faaxy]] Reason : Language (English) 4) [[الشيخ محمد حمزة التميمي]] Reason : Blank page, Test Page, Spam, No useful content 5) [[مسكنك]] Reason : Blank page, Test Page, Spam, No useful content 6) [[إيجي سكاي]] Reason : Blank page, Test Page, Spam, No useful content 7) [[أراتوك]] Reason : Blank page, Test Page, Spam, No useful content 8) [[كيرلس مجدي القمص]] Reason : Blank page, Test Page, Spam, No useful content [[Ọbanife:Quanteri|Quanteri]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Quanteri|ṅkátá]]) 01:30, 21 Ọgọọst 2023 (UTC) :Thanks for this notification. Done! [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 07:05, 21 Ọgọọst 2023 (UTC) == Spam Articles (for speedy deletion) == @[[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] Again I'm here to show some spam articles, Pages that are requested for speedy deletion, I mentioned the link to the page & reason below : 1) [[اشرف عظيم وخبرته الواسعة في التسويق]] Reason : Language (English) 2) [[Mohamed Mohsen]] Reason : Language, Self Promotional links are included like Facebook, TikTok, Instagram 3) [[Exclusive Movies (Streaming Platform)]] Reason : Language, Self Promotional links are included like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram 4) [[Iftkhar Mughal ( Actor )]] Reason : Language, Self Promotional links are included - Instagram 5) [[Vivek Tripathi - Actor]] Reason : Language (English) 6) [[Nitin Meena]] Reason : Language (English) 7) [[Kiddyong]] Reason : Language, Contains personal informations - "phone number, email adddress," also it is just a self promoting article even you can able to understand by seeing the first line of that article "Kiddyong The Naughty Kid"??? 7) [[Omar Yahya (actor)]] Reason : Language (English), Self Promotional links are included - telegram, I couldn't find any real Movies of his and his biography is disorganized 8) [[King Media]] Reason : Language (English), Self Promotional links are included - telegram 9) [[Yahya Moussa]] Reason : Self Promotional links are included - telegram [[Ọbanife:Quanteri|Quanteri]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Quanteri|ṅkátá]]) 18:10, 21 Ọgọọst 2023 (UTC) :Thank you once again for bringing these to my notice. [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 18:25, 21 Ọgọọst 2023 (UTC) ::@[[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] Welcome :) [[Ọbanife:Quanteri|Quanteri]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Quanteri|ṅkátá]]) 01:19, 22 Ọgọọst 2023 (UTC) == Spam articles == @[[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] Once again here to show some spammy articles written in "Arabic language" with "Self promotional links" 1) [[محمد عتال]] Reason : Language (Arabic), Self Promotional Links - SoundCloud, Spotify Anghami 2) [[وسام شاهين]] Reason : Language (Arabic) 3) [[محمد جابر طه]] Reason : Language (Arabic) [[Ọbanife:Quanteri|Quanteri]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Quanteri|ṅkátá]]) 14:55, 22 Ọgọọst 2023 (UTC) :Thank you so much! Do not hesitate to tag me for cleanup. I sincerely appreciate your efforts. [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 21:27, 22 Ọgọọst 2023 (UTC) ::@[[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] 2 more spammy articles too. This time I included reason and additional reasons. ::1) [[Abdul Rahman Al Rubaie]] ::'''• Reason''' : Language (English), No useful content ::'''• Additional Reason''' : I searched about this person and I can't even able to get a single result about this person. This article contains only one paragraph, it says that he is football coach, other than it doesn't includes any notable works about him. ::2) [[Ahmed ALshehri]] ::'''• Reason''' : Language (English), No useful content ::'''• Additional reason''' : as same as mentioned in the first article. :: Another info - [[Nitin Meena]] This page was previously deleted because of language and multiple issues, this article was re-created by the same person [[ 2401:4900:41E8:A08C:D5B9:C39B:83A4:2E9C]] and I noticed that he is the person who is creating autobiography on themself as you can see his message on here: [[Okwu:Nitin Meena]]. ::Also thank you for your each responses. [[Ọbanife:Quanteri|Quanteri]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Quanteri|ṅkátá]]) 11:18, 24 Ọgọọst 2023 (UTC) :::Thanks @[[Ọbanife:Quanteri|Quanteri]], I have responded accordingly.-- [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 15:13, 24 Ọgọọst 2023 (UTC) == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #125 is out: Wikimania digest, CoSMo language, GFpedia demo, CCKS keynote == There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-08-31|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we recap what happened at our sessions at Wikimania 2023, we talk about some new updates regarding our Natural Language Generation special interest group (NLG SIG), and we briefly speak about Denny's most recent keynote speech. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 10:35, 1 Septemba 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=25545271 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #126 is out: Let's start building morphological paradigms! == There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-09-08|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, Denny proposes a call for action for creating morphological paradigms on Wikifunctions. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 19:25, 10 Septemba 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=25545271 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #127 is out: Renderers and parsers for types == There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-09-20|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, Denny introduces a discussion about how to represent integers on Wikifunctions and its related challenges. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 08:07, 22 Septemba 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=25636326 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #128 is out: Serializers and deserializers for types == There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-09-27|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, Denny introduces a discussion about how to make types easier to use, by discussing serializers and deserializers, and their role in Wikifunctions. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 16:47, 29 Septemba 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=25669070 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #129 is out: Arguments made easier == There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-10-04|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss the recent improvements that made it easy to reference arguments in functions. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:58, 5 Ọktoba 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=25703700 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #130 is out: Running on WebAssembly == There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-10-25|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss our decision of rewriting the evaluator encapsulation service, in order to make it run on [[:w:en:WebAssembly|WebAssembly]]. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:31, 27 Ọktoba 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=25714201 --> == Crosswiki spam == Dear colleague, I have found your name at the page of sysop requests though I cannot figure out if you were elected eventually or not. But as you seem to be esteemed member of ig.wiki community, you know better what to do. It's about the article [[Hacktivist Vanguard]] which seems to be the last remnants of massive crosswiki spam and as such is the subject for speedy deletion. I'd be grateful if you take necessary steps according to the rules and habits of your local wiki. The best, [[Ọbanife:Андрей Романенко|Андрей Романенко]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Андрей Романенко|ṅkátá]]) 19:51, 3 Novemba 2023 (UTC) :Dear@[[Ọbanife:Андрей Романенко|Андрей Романенко]] thanks for bringing this to my notice. Yes, I'm a sysop on the Wiki. I'll do the needful. [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 21:02, 3 Novemba 2023 (UTC) == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #131 is out: Python on WebAssembly; Improved Object selector; Next volunteer's corner == There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-11-03|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss our latest technical improvements on Wikifunctions. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1699900200 November 13, at 18:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:16, 6 Novemba 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=25809033 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #132 is out: Wikifunctions, the library of functions that anyone can use and edit == [[File:Anyone can edit Wikifunctions.png|center|alt=Wikifunctions can now be edited by anyone!|660x660px]] There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-11-07|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we finally announce that Wikifunctions is on general availability, and that functions can be run also by non-logged in users! Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1699900200 November 13, at 18:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 09:50, 10 Novemba 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=25837034 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #133 is out: What types next? == There is [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-11-16|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss which new types of functions should we support and the latest changes to the software. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 15:10, 18 Novemba 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=25859261 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #134 is out: Welcome, Grace and Miguel! Appointing Functioneers now by community == There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-11-30|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we present two new members of the team, we discuss the latest changes in software, and we announce that Functioneer right will be now assigned by the community. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1701714600 December 4, at 18:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:01, 1 Disemba 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=25909237 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #135 is out: Announcing Wikifunctions on the Wikimedia Foundation blog. Looking for feedback on the Function page proposal == There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-12-06|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we present [https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2023/12/05/introducing-wikifunctions-first-wikimedia-project-to-launch-in-a-decade-creates-new-forms-of-knowledge/ the latest blogpost] about us on WMF blog, and we invite you to share your feedback at the [[:f:Wikifunctions:Project chat#Function page proposal: looking for feedback|Wikifunctions' Project chat]] on the new proposed designs for the Function page. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 19:06, 7 Disemba 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=25930840 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #136 is out: Looking back at 2023 == There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-12-13|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we look back at all the accomplishments that we achieved in 2023 and we thank you all for your help in achieving them. Also, we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]! This will be the last newsletter for 2023, so see you again in 2024! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:49, 15 Disemba 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=25930840 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - December 2023 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our twenty-seventh newsletter, a sort of year-in-review for 2023.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> Dear Wikimedians for Sustainable Development, As we bid farewell to 2023, we reflect on a year that has been an uneven year for our user group. While the journey has been marked by some truly inspiring events, most of our efforts have been largely uncoordinated and the user group hasn't been the support it could have been. Yet, there's a glimmer of hope and a world of potential for 2024. '''Highlights of 2023:''' ;Newsletters Galore: We kicked off the year with zeal, sharing updates and inspiration through four newsletters. The number of things happening in the movement is astounding, but we need to rethink the format of the newsletter going into the next year. ;Growing Strong: The Wikimedians for Sustainable Development family welcomed 33 new members in 2023. Your passion and dedication continue to inspire us, and we look forward to nurturing this community spirit in the year ahead. ;Wikimania Talks: Our voices echoed far and wide at Wikimania, where several members of our community took the virtual stage to share insights and ideas about everything from Wikipedians-in-Residence's to open data. Your contributions showcased our commitment to sustainable development on a global scale. ;Content Creation Magic: Throughout the year, our extended community demonstrated incredible dedication to expanding the knowledge base on Wikipedia. Countless hours were spent creating and curating content that aligns with our mission, contributing to a more sustainable digital ecosystem. ;Campaigning hard: We saw a large variety of campaigns, from writing challenges to editathons. The willingness to experiment with new formats and partners, as well as learning from past efforts, shows great promise for the future. '''Acknowledging Challenges:''' While we celebrate these achievements, we acknowledge that 2023 presented its fair share of challenges. A lack of global coordination reminded us that the road to sustainable development is not always linear. However, it is precisely these challenges that fuel our determination to work together more cohesively in the coming year and proof that the user group is needed. '''Hopeful Anticipation for 2024:''' As we turn the page to 2024, let's carry forward the lessons learned and the successes celebrated. We are optimistic that, with renewed energy and a collective commitment, we will overcome obstacles and create an even more impactful and connected Wikimedians for Sustainable Development community. Here's to a year of collaboration, growth, and making a lasting impact on the world through our shared passion for sustainability. Together, we can turn challenges into opportunities and pave the way for a brighter future. Wishing you all a joyous holiday season and a Happy New Year! Warm regards, [[m:User:Ainali|User:Ainali]], [[m:User:Daniel Mietchen|User:Daniel Mietchen]] PS. We have started writing [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Reports/2023|our yearly report]], please add your activities to it. This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by [[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 17:14, 1 Jenụwarị 2024 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=25817439 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #137 is out: Introducing our first new type: Lists == There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2024-01-03|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we introduce our newest and much requested type of function, list. Also, we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1704738600 January 8, at 18:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 10:37, 5 Jenụwarị 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26002740 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #138 is out: The Joy of Collaboration; Introducing the Function of the Week: reverse string == There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2024-01-11|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we present you an essay from Denny and we introduce a new section of the newsletter, dedicated to the "function of the week". Also, we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]! We also wanted to note that we are in the process of moving the Updates from Meta to Wikifunctions. We'll keep you updated about it. Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:27, 12 Jenụwarị 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26002740 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #139 is out: Refreshing the Function page; Function of the Week: ROT13 == There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2024-01-17|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we announce a redesign and rewrite of the Function page and we present our first "function of the week". Also, we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:05, 19 Jenụwarị 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26057555 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #140 is out: Getting debug information from code; Function of the Week: Wrap string == There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2024-01-25|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss debugging in implementations and we present our new "function of the week". Also, we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 10:54, 26 Jenụwarị 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26096332 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #141 is out: The Igbo Imperative! == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-02-01|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we focus on language functions in Igbo, a language spoken by more than 44 million people in South-Eastern Nigeria. Also, we take a look at the latest software developments. Starting from this issue, the status updates will be hosted on Wikifunctions, instead of Meta. One more step towards maturation of the project! Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive (on Meta)]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1707157800 February 5, at 18:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 09:14, 2 Febụwarị 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26096332 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - January 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our twenty-eighth newsletter.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> <!--Add content here --> ; User group news * We have submitted our [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Reports/2023|2023 annual report]]. * Upcoming meeting: on [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|9 February]], we'll have a call about roles and responsibilities in the user group. This is an attempt to make more opportunities to engage more of the user groups members in its activities. If you want to help out in some way, but don't know how, this is a meeting for you to get help creating that opportunity. If you know how you would like to help, but don't know how to get started, this is also the meeting for you. ; Other news * New Wikiproject for Climate Change on Basque Wikipedia: [[:eu:Wikiproiektu:Klima aldaketa|Wikiproiektu Klima Aldaketa]] * Climate Justice, Digital Rights and Indigenous Voices international Wikimedia event in Huaraz, Peru 2024: [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeDIuZQ61v35y3Q293ZV9YjNWOHsgwvq3t2XjP2cQ0OHG-EPA/viewform Engagement Survey] (closes 2 Feb) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by [[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 20:22, 2 Febụwarị 2024 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=26169519 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #142 is out: Quarterly planning. Thank you, Nick! Function of the Week: is permutation == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-02-07|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss about the results of our last internal planning meeting, whose objective was to define what we will work on in this quarter. Also, we take a look at the latest changes in the team and the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive on Wikifunctions]] and [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|also on Meta]]. Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 16:22, 8 Febụwarị 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26096332 --> == Question from [[User:Assuranc29|Assuranc29]] (16:16, 14 Febụwarị 2024) == Please what it all about --[[Ọbanife:Assuranc29|Assuranc29]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Assuranc29|ṅkátá]]) 16:16, 14 Febụwarị 2024 (UTC) == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #143 is out: Fix-it week == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-02-14|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we take a look at the latest software developments, after our monthly "fix-it week", where we work on technical debt and other issues that pile up in our daily work. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive on Wikifunctions]] and [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|also on Meta]]. Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 18:19, 16 Febụwarị 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26096332 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #144 is out: Updating the function model == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-02-22|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we present the new documentation about our [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Function model|function model]] and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 09:55, 23 Febụwarị 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26262834 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #145 is out: Type proposal for natural numbers == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-02-28|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss our progresses with the new natural numbers type, we talk about events we are taking part to, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1709577000 March 4, at 18:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:40, 1 Maachị 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26316559 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #146 is out: Introducing our second new type: Natural numbers == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-03-07|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss the launch of the new natural numbers type, we talk about events we are taking part to, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:58, 8 Maachị 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26316559 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - February 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our twenty-ninth newsletter.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * On 9 February, we had a user group meeting on roles and responsibilities ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20240209|minutes]]) * Upcoming [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|user group meeting 17 March]] ; Other news * Wiki Loves Earth: Reminder that if you want to [[c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Earth_2024/Organise|organize a local competition]], it is time to get started. (SDG 15 and 14) * Wiki for Human Rights: Reminder that if you would like to [[m:WikiForHumanRights/Organize|organize a local event]], there is support available. (SDG 10) * Study: [https://vbn.aau.dk/ws/portalfiles/portal/650852934/Meier_Wiki_Climate.pdf Using Wikipedia Pageview Data to Investigate Public Interest in Climate Change at a Global Scale] (SDG 13) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by [[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 10:40, 9 Maachị 2024 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=26331508 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #147 is out: On identity == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-03-13|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss the notion of identity and present our latest document about [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Representing identity|how we represent it]], and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 15:27, 14 Maachị 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26387944 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #148 is out: On the way to internationalizing numbers == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-03-21|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss our progresses with the implementation of renderers and parsers for natural numbers, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:11, 22 Maachị 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26401651 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #149 is out: Creating tests is now much easier! == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-03-28|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss our progresses with tests and how it is easier to make them, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:22, 29 Maachị 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26500849 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #150 is out: Product Update on Diff and Upcoming API Improvements == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-04-03|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/03/27/wikifunctions-where-we-are-now-and-what-you-can-do/ our latest blog post on Diff], and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1712615400 April 8, at 22:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 10:23, 4 Eprel 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26500849 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #151 is out: New API for calling Wikifunctions and celebrating 1000 functions == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-04-11|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss the new API for calling Wikifunctions, we celebrate our first 1,000 functions, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Also, there's [https://boards.greenhouse.io/wikimedia/jobs/5850672 a job opening] for joining our team! Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]. Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 09:57, 12 Eprel 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26566985 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #152 is out: Welcome, Sharvani! == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-04-19|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we welcome a new member of the team and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]. Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 17:14, 22 Eprel 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26599436 --> == Question from [[User:Henny17|Henny17]] (00:01, 26 Eprel 2024) == Hello I want to start editing --[[Ọbanife:Henny17|Henny17]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Henny17|ṅkátá]]) 00:01, 26 Eprel 2024 (UTC) :Hi @[[Ọbanife:Henny17|Henny17]]! Are you in the community WhatsApp group? That's where must editing sessions and training are announced. You can also join the Igbo community hubs around your area. [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 06:38, 26 Eprel 2024 (UTC) == Making Google translate the default machine translation support in Igbo Wikipedia == Ndewo @[[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]]! Aha mụ bụ [[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|Uzoma Ozurumba]], ana mụ arụrụ ndi WMF orụ. Biko, onwe ozi ndi WMF Language team zitere ndi Igbo Wikimedians nọ na [[Wikipedia:Nzọr ogbako|igwe nkata Wikipedia]]. Ebe ibu otu onye nime ndi na atughari edemede na Igbo Wikipedia, ọ ga amasi anyi ma [[Wikipedia:Nzọr ogbako#Making Google translate the default machine translation support in Igbo Wikipedia|igụọ ozi anyi]] gbasara mgbanwe ndi otu [[mw:Wikimedia_Language_engineering|WMF Language team]] chọrọ ime na igwe ntughari okwu nke nọ na Igbo Wikipedia, ma gwa anyi ebumunobi gi maka ya. Daalụ sọ maka ọru gi nile na ikwado ọmumu ihe na asụsụ Igbo. [[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 20:17, 30 Eprel 2024 (UTC) :Ndewo@[[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]]. Daalụ maka ozi a i zitere. A gụrụ m ozi ahụ ma tinye kwa ebumunobi [[Wikipedia:Nzọr ogbako#Making Google translate the default machine translation support in Igbo Wikipedia|ebe a]]. [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 07:34, 1 Mee 2024 (UTC) == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - April 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirtieth newsletter covering March and April 2024. This issue has news related to SDGs 13, 14 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * * Upcoming [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|user group meeting 19 May]] ; Other news * [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2024-03-29/Recent_research#Other_recent_publications|Wikipedia Signpost highlighted five papers about climate change editing]]. (SDG 13) * On Wikidata, [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Climate_Change/Models#Emissions|a model for documenting green house gas emissions]] has been created. (SDG 13) * [https://wikimedia.org.au/wiki/EPA_Victoria_WiR_April_2024_Update An update] from the Wikipedian in Residence at the Environment Protection Authority in Victoria, Australia. * WikiAcción Perú organized a training session: "[[m:Volunteer Supporters Network/VSN Training: Climate Change Actions and Wikimedia Movement|Climate Change Actions and Wikimedia Movement]]" (SDG 13) * WikiForHumanRights organized a session: "[[m:Event:Adding Sustainability Perspectives to Wikivoyage|Adding Sustainability Perspectives to Wikivoyage]]" ; Events * [[c:Commons:Wiki Loves Earth 2024|Wiki Loves Earth]], the international photo contest of protected nature, starts in May. (SDG 14 & 15) * [[m:Wiki For Climate Change 2024 - Maghreb region|Wiki For Climate Change 2024 - Maghreb region]] starts in May. (SDG 13) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 19:17, 1 Mee 2024 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=26428292 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #153 is out: Team meeting and Quarterly plan == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-05-03|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss the results of our team meeting held in San Francisco, USA, as well as presenting the objectives that we will pursue in the next months. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]. Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:57, 4 Mee 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26599436 --> == Next Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Volunteer's Corner is on May 6 == We remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1715016600 May 6, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Apologies for the reaching out to you with a separate message. See you at the meeting! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:12, 4 Mee 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26599436 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #154 is out: Flagship type for enumerations: Months of the Gregorian calendar == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-05-10|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss our first proposal for a new type for enumerations and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]. Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:22, 13 Mee 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26599436 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #155 is out: Call for Functions: Spell out the number! == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-05-15|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we call on you to help us doing new language functions about numbers and we also take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]. Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 18:01, 16 Mee 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26780875 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #156 is out: New type - Gregorian calendar months == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-05-22|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we announce our initial enumeration Type, Gregorian calendar months, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]. Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:18, 23 Mee 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26803534 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #157 is out: A single singular or a plurality of plurals? == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-05-30|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss the various implications of linguistic functions about singulars and plurals, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1717435800 June 3, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:17, 31 Mee 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26847493 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - May 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirtyfirst newsletter, covering May 2024. This issue has news related to SDGs 13, 14 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> <!--Add content here --> ; User group news * Upcoming: [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|User group meeting]], 16 June * [[m:Talk:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development#Mini_report_from_the_Wikimedia_Summit_2024|Mini report from the Wikimedia Summit 2024]] * [https://wikipediapodden.se/jan-ainali-wikimedians-for-sustainable-development-wikimedia-summit-2024-265/ User group representative interviewed by Wikipediapodden] at Wikimedia Summit ([[:File:WP265 - Jan Ainali, Wikimedians for Sustainable Development, Wikimedia Summit 2024.mp3|commons]]) * [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20240519|Minutes from user group meeting in May]] ; Other news * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/05/02/reflecting-_women-for-sustainability-africa-arts-feminism-her-voice-campaign-2023/ Reflecting _Women For Sustainability Africa Arts + Feminism #Her Voice Campaign 2023] * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/April 2024/Contents/Macedonia report|Macedonia report: Climate change and GLAM]] (SDG 13) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/April 2024/Contents/Biodiversity Heritage Library report|Biodiversity Heritage Library April monthly highlights]] (SDG 14 & 15) * [https://www.nature.com/articles/d44148-024-00166-y WikiProject Biodiversity featured in Nature Africa] (SDG 14 & 15) * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fFWS7hfetZk Wikimedia UK releases a video about their climate focus] (SDG 13) ; Events * [[c:Commons:Wiki Loves Earth 2024|Wiki Loves Earth]], the international photo contest of protected nature, continues in some countries. (SDG 14 & 15) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 13:18, 1 Jụn 2024 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=26852366 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #158 is out: New Type: Sign == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-06-06|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we introduce a new enumeration type, Sign, and we take a look at the latest software developments. We are also looking for feedback for our next new types. See [[:f:Wikifunctions:Project chat#Testing two new types|the announcement at the Project Chat]] for more information. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:59, 7 Jụn 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26847493 --> == Plans to enable MinT for Wiki readers in Igbo Wikipedia == Ndewo Nwa-ada @[[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]], Imere otu ole? Enwerem olileanya na ahụ di gi nma. Biko, onwe ozi ndi WMF Language team zitere ndi otu Igbo Wikipedia maka ngwa ọrụ ha chọrọ itineyere anyi. Ọ ga-amasi anyi ma igụọ ihe gbasara [[Wikipedia:Nzọr ogbako#Plans to enable MinT for Wiki readers in Igbo Wikipedia|'''ozi a''']], ma testia ngwa a, ma zaghachi anyi ebunuche gi gbasara itinye ngwa ọrụ a nke a na akpọ "MinT for Wiki Readers" na ịgbo Wiki. Inwekwara ike ime ka ndi otu Igbo Wikipedia ndi ọzọ mata maka ozi a ma gwa anyi uche ha igwe ozi. Daalụ sọ! [[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 23:57, 10 Jụn 2024 (UTC) == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #159 is out: New Type: Igbo calendar months == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-06-13|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we introduce a new enumeration type, this time for the thirteen months of the [[:en:Igbo calendar|Igbo calendar]], and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 16:21, 14 Jụn 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26847493 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #160 is out: New Type: Integers == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-06-20|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we are happy to announce that we introduced another new type, [[:f:Z16683|integers]], that will increase our coverage of mathematical functions. Moreover, we take a look at the (many!) software developments we introduced in the last week. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:07, 21 Jụn 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26945737 --> == Question from [[User:Kwinkate|Kwinkate]] (21:51, 21 Jụn 2024) == Hello --[[Ọbanife:Kwinkate|Kwinkate]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Kwinkate|ṅkátá]]) 21:51, 21 Jụn 2024 (UTC) :Hello [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 04:02, 22 Jụn 2024 (UTC) == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #161 is out: Welcome, Daphne! == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-06-26|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we welcome a new member of the team, we ask for feedback about [[:f:Wikifunctions:Design/About widget improvements|our "About" widget designs]], and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1719855000 July 1, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:20, 27 Jụn 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26945737 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - June 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirtysecond newsletter, covering June 2024. This issue has news related to SDGs 3, 13, 14, 15 and 16.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Movement Charter Vote|User group vote on the adoption of the Movement Charter]] (closes 7 July 23.59 UTC) * [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|Upcoming user group meeting]] 21 July * User group meeting held in June - [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20240616|minutes]] * The group was featured in the latest WikiAfrica Hour: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4B6VI20qopk #36: Does the Wikimedia movement contribute to the SDGs?] ; Other news * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/06/18/stories-from-the-anti-disinformation-repository-how-wikiproject-covid-19-and-other-wikimedia-initiatives-counter-health-disinformation/ Stories from the anti-disinformation repository: How WikiProject COVID-19 and other Wikimedia initiatives counter health disinformation] (SDG 3) * [https://wikimedia.org.au/wiki/Environment_Centre_NT_Wikipedian_in_Residence Environment Centre Northern Territory Wikipedian in Residence] (SDG 15) * [https://www.gp.se/debatt/med-ai-kan-vi-oka-transparensen-om-foretagens-klimatavtryck.2dd4e006-57e3-4534-a0be-70ca56a289e4 With AI can we increase transparency of companies' carbon footprints] (in Swedish). Op-ed that mentions that the greenhouse gas emissions of the top 150 companies on the Stockholm stock exchange has been uploaded to Wikidata. The model is documented on [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Climate_Change/Models#Emissions|WikiProject Climate Change on Wikidata]]. (SDG 13) * [[wmfblog:2024/06/25/another-year-in-review-where-is-wikimedia-in-the-climate-crisis-seeing-the-impact-of-wikimedia-projects/|Another Year in Review: Where is Wikimedia in the Climate Crisis? Seeing the impact of Wikimedia Projects]] (SDG 13) * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2024/06/24/46-scholars-self-advocates-bring-knowledge-to-wikipedias-disability-healthcare-content/ 46 scholars, self-advocates bring knowledge to Wikipedia’s disability healthcare content] (SDG 3) * [[c:File:Wikimedia klimatpåverkansrapport 2023.pdf|Wikimedia Sverige publishes their 2023 climate impact report]] (in Swedish) (SDG 13) * WikiProject Govdirectory has started [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Govdirectory/Weekly collaboration|weekly collaboration on countries]] (SDG 16) ; Events * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/06/18/wikimedia-chapters-and-groups-organise-the-first-sharks-and-rays-wikimarathon/ Wikimedia chapters and groups organise the first Sharks and Rays Wikimarathon] (29 June, but edits in the weeks after are welcome) (SDG 14) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 09:27, 1 Julaị 2024 (UTC)</bdi> • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=27039469 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #162 is out: Quarterly planning == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-07-03|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we present our objectives and lines of work for this quarter, we remember to give your feedback about [[:f:Wikifunctions:Design/About widget improvements|our "About" widget designs]], and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1720459800 July 8, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:59, 5 Julaị 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=27024810 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #163 is out: Type proposals for accessing Lexemes == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-07-10|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss our current draft about Type proposals for accessing Lexemes, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 10:21, 12 Julaị 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=27076454 --> == First meet == Nnọọ @[[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]], I came from English WP, and I am a bit interested with languages, since I am a seminarian, and often speak little Igbo. I presume many of our editors are on the English based. I will want you to keep good eye here since I will try creating, revamping, and tagging for deletion also. Asirim ka m gwa gi. It is also part of my learning to advance in it. [[Ọbanife:SafariScribe|SafariScribe]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:SafariScribe|ṅkátá]]) 14:30, 15 Julaị 2024 (UTC) :Ndewo @[[Ọbanife:SafariScribe|SafariScribe]]! It's really great to have you here.👍🏽 I see your works on the English Wikipedia, way to go! I started with the English Wikipedia, then moved to Igbo when I discovered it was available. Though I still edit the English Wikipedia sometimes...You are welcome and if you need assistance or anything you think I can help out with, please feel free to let me know. Obi dị m ụtọ na ị bịara ịnọnyere anyị, nnọọ! [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 03:00, 16 Julaị 2024 (UTC) == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #164 is out: Research report on integrating Wikifunctions from Wikipedia == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-07-18|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we present you the results of a research about how to integrate Wikifunctions and Wikipedia, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:33, 19 Julaị 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=27076454 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #165 is out: Wikimania 2024 coming soon! == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-07-26|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss our upcoming Wikifunctions events at Wikimania 2024, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:13, 29 Julaị 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=27145131 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - July 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirty third newsletter, covering July 2024. This issue has news related to SDGs 5, 10, 13, and 16.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * User group meeting held in July, [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20240721|minutes]] * Next user group meeting will be 18 August ; Other news * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2024/Contents/Macedonia report|Climate change editahon and workshop in Macedonia]] (SDG 13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/16/wikiforhumanrights-in-nigeria-2024-campaign-virtual-launch/ WikiForHumanRights in Nigeria 2024 Campaign Virtual Launch] (SDG 10&16) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/16/what-we-learned-from-wiki-women-in-red-8-campaign-2023-women-for-sustainability-africa/ What we Learned from Wiki Women In Red @8 Campaign 2023 Women for Sustainability Africa] (SDG 5) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/17/ghanaian-wikipedians-set-to-educate-students-on-open-climate/ Ghanaian Wikipedians set to educate students on Open Climate] (SDG 13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/23/using-wikipedia-as-a-tool-for-climate-action/ Using Wikipedia as a Tool for Climate Action] (SDG 13) ; Events * 5th August, [[m:Event:Wiki-Green_Conference_2024 Wiki-Green Conference]] (SDG 13) * 7-10 August, Wikimania - [[wikimania:2024:Program/SDG_related_sessions|All SDG related sessions]] * 7-9 November, [https://wikimedia.org.ar/2024/07/03/justicia-climatica-voces-indigenas-y-plataformas-wikimedia/ Justicia climática, voces indígenas y plataformas Wikimedia] (SDG 13) ; Participate * Share an example of a successful [[m:Campaigns/WikiProjects|WikiProject or topical collaboration]] in this on-wiki survey This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 18:57, 1 Ọgọọst 2024 (UTC)</bdi> • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=27042528 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #169 is out: Limits on Name and Description Lengths == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-08-29|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss the introduction of more stringent limits on the length of object names, input names, and descriptions, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! You might be interested in the [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-08-02|launch of our "About" widget]], a [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-08-16|summary of our experience at Wikimania 2024]], or the [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-08-23|refinement of WasmEdge]]. Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1725298200 September 2, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 08:04, 30 Ọgọọst 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=27347529 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - August 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirty fourth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDGs 5, 11, 15, and 16.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * [[m:Event:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development user group meeting 20240915|Next user group meeting]], 15 September, will be focused on starting to develop a strategy for the group. If you cannot attend, you can leave your input on [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Strategy 2030/Ideas|the ideas page]]. * User group meeting held in August ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20240818|minutes]]) ; Other news * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/July 2024/Contents/New Zealand report|Report from WikiProject International Botanical Congress 2024]] (SDG 15) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/July 2024/Contents/Switzerland report|Meeting for Writing on Femenist Strikes and Wiki for Peace Camp St. Imier]] (SDG 5 & 16) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/July 2024/Contents/Biodiversity Heritage Library report|Biodiversity Heritage Library report]] (SDG 15) * Wikimania had a lot of [[wikimania:2024:Program/SDG_related_sessions|SDG related sessions]] and you can watch them back now ; Events * [[c:Commons:Wiki Loves Monuments 2024|Wiki Loves Monuments]] starts in September (SDG 11) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 06:24, 2 Septemba 2024 (UTC)</bdi> • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=27262444 --> == Pages nominated for deletion == Hello @[[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] this are the pages with no information on Igbo wikipedia I told you about. Please help me delete them. 1 [[Innocent Anyanwu]] 2 [[Ikedi Ohakim]] 3 [[Iheanyi Uwaezuoke]] 4 [[Ifunanyachi Achara]] 5[[Ibezito Ogbonna|I bezito Ogbonna]] 6 [[Holmes Onwukaife]] 7 [[Henry Nwawuba]] 8 [[Francis Okaroh]] 9 [[Francis Arinze]] 10 [[Ezenwa Otorogu]] 11 [[Eric Obinna Chukwunyelu]] 12 [[Ephraim Ikeakor]] 13 [[Emmanuel Okala]] 14 [[Emmanuel Ekwueme]] 15 [[Edwin Ume-Ezeoke]] 16 [[Cyprian Michael Iwene Tansi]] 17 [[Clarion Chukwura]] 18 [[Chukwuemeka Chikelu]] 19 [[Chima Anyaso]] 20 [[Chikelue Iloenyosi]] 21 [[Chijioke Ejiogu]] 22 [[Charles Chukwuma Soludo]] 23 [[Cedric Ogbuehi]] 24 [[Bruno Ibeh]] 25 [[Bonaventure Enemali]] 26 [[Augustine Nwagwu]] 27 [[Augustine Aniebo]] 28 [[Anyika Onuora]] 29 [[Jude Aneke]] 30 [[Kennedy Ihenacho]] 31 [[Kelvin Ebuka Nwamora]] 32 [[Kenechuhwu Uchenwa]] 33 [[Kennedy Nzechukwu]] 34 [[Kingsley Chibueze Onyeukwu]][[Ihü kárírí:PermaLink/186940|2]] 35 [[Louis Okoye]][[Ihü kárírí:PermaLink/186939|2]] 36 [[Maxwell Anikwenwa]][[Ihü kárírí:PermaLink/186938|2]] 37 [[Victoria Ohuruogu]] 38 [[Valerian Ume-Ezeoke]] 39 [[Obinna Nwaneri]] 40 [[Ugonna Ozurigbo]] 41 [[Ugonna Anyora]] 42 [[Uchechukwu N. Maduako]] 43 [[Steve Eboh]] 44 [[Rolland Ezuruike]] 45 [[Philomena Obiageliuwa Uyanwah]] 46 [[Obinna Eregbu]] 47 [[Osita Henry Chikere]] 48 [[Okwesilieze Nwodo]] 49 [[Okey Uzoeshi]] 50 [[Sikiratu Sindodo]] 51 [[Abba Moro]] 52 [[Ramatu Tijani Aliyu]] [[Ọbanife:Ogalihillary|Ogalihillary]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Ogalihillary|ṅkátá]]) 13:04, 6 Septemba 2024 (UTC) :Thanks @[[Ọbanife:Ogalihillary|Ogalihillary]] thanks for this notification. I'll do the needful. [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 16:08, 6 Septemba 2024 (UTC) == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #171 is out: Dagbani Wikipedia will be our first wiki for Wikifunctions integration == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-09-13|a new update]] for Wikifunctions and Abstract Wikipedia. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we introduce Dagbani Wikipedia as our first wiki for Wikifunctions integration, discuss the recent stability challenges we've had in the past few days, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:51, 13 Septemba 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=27347529 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #172 is out: Introducing focus topic areas == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-09-20|a new update]] for Wikifunctions and Abstract Wikipedia. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we introduce focus topic areas for generating natural language texts and we update you on last week's site incident. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:30, 21 Septemba 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=27457443 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #173 is out: Quarterly planning for October–December 2024 == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-09-26|a new update]] for Wikifunctions and Abstract Wikipedia. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we give you an overview of what we will focus on in the next three months, we discuss our presentation at [[:m:Celtic Knot Conference 2024|Celtic Knot conference 2024]], and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 15:42, 26 Septemba 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=27457443 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - September 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirty-fifth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 13.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20240915|User group meeting held in September on strategy for the group]] ; Other news * [[m:Wikimedia CEE Meeting 2024/Submissions/Building a sustainable Wikimedia movement: A contribution from the CEE region|Building a sustainable Wikimedia movement: A contribution from the CEE region]], presentation at CEE meeting. ([https://www.youtube.com/live/iB3KNFtA4xI?t=6739 YouTube]) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/09/30/all-about-wiki-green-conference-2024/ All About Wiki-Green Conference 2024] (SDG 13) ; Events * Course: [https://wikiedu.org/courses/global-approaches-to-climate-finance-4/ Global Approaches to Climate Finance] by WikiEdu (SDG 13) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 20:26, 1 Ọktoba 2024 (UTC)</bdi> • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=27437535 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #174 is out: Focus topic: food == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-10-02|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss one of our next topics we will focus on for our work: food. We hope you have a good appetite for discussion. :) Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1728322200 October 7, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 08:42, 4 Ọktoba 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=27548252 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #175 is out: Wikidata Lexemes in Wikifunctions are coming soon == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-10-11|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we present a preview of our planned support for Wikidata lexemes in Wikifunctions, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 15:54, 11 Ọktoba 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=27548252 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #176 is out: What could abstract content look like? == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-10-17|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we present some thoughts by [[User:Mahir256]] about how abstract content could look like in the future, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:12, 17 Ọktoba 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=27548252 --> == Question from [[User:Goodymaraj|Goodymaraj]] (23:51, 17 Ọktoba 2024) == How can I be promoted to administrative level here? --[[Ọbanife:Goodymaraj|Goodymaraj]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Goodymaraj|ṅkátá]]) 23:51, 17 Ọktoba 2024 (UTC) == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #177 is out: Our goal for this Quarter: Agreement == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-10-25|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss our goal of building up phrases from Lexemes using linguistic agreement, i.e. accordance to number and gender when constructing a phrase. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 16:32, 25 Ọktoba 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=27638060 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - October 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirty-sixth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 3, 5, 13 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|Upcoming meeting]], 24 November, 17.00 UTC ; Other news * Talk at WikiIndaba: [[m:WikiIndaba 2024/Proposal/Wikimedian collaboration in human knowledge: Wiki For Climate Change in the Maghreb region|Wikimedian collaboration in human knowledge: Wiki For Climate Change in the Maghreb region]] (SDG 13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/10/17/championing-inclusion-in-the-wikimedia-movement-africa-wiki-women-presentation-at-the-wiki-niger-conference/ Championing Inclusion in the Wikimedia Movement: Africa Wiki Women Presentation at the Wiki Niger Conference] (SDG 5) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/10/25/mountains-birds-and-lakes-wiki-loves-earth-2024-central-asia-edition/ Mountains, Birds and Lakes: Wiki Loves Earth 2024 – Central Asia Edition] (SDG 15) ; Events * November 6, 12 and 21: [https://universityofexeter.zoom.us/meeting/register/tJAkdeqrrzMoGdEeMYlR6q0A7QMHwwwM2VIZ#/registration Climate Change & Health in the UK - Wikipedia workshop] (SDG 3 and 13) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 20:01, 1 Novemba 2024 (UTC)</bdi> • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=27587619 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #178 is out: Rewriting the backend == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-11-01|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss how the team is working hard to rewrite Wikifunctions' backend, to overcome some of the limits we encountered with the current language. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1730745000 November 4, at 18:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:19, 2 Novemba 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=27660634 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #179 is out: The dream of a Universal Language == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-11-07|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we talk about several presentation in and around the topics of languages and our work, we discuss the current refactoring of our functions catalogue and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 22:50, 7 Novemba 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=27660634 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #180 is out: New type: Rational numbers == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-11-13|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we present you our newest Type, [[:f:Z19677|rational numbers]], as well as the new renderer and parser for natural numbers, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 09:40, 14 Novemba 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=27660634 --> == We need your help with Igbo Wikipedia Main Page == Ndewo Goody, Biko nyere anyi aka, mmadu mebisiri ihu mbu Igbo Wikipedia. A na m acho ka mweghachi ya mana okweghi. Biko nyere anyi aka. [[Ojiarụ:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Tochiprecious|ṅkátá]]) 13:38, 19 Novemba 2024 (UTC) == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #181 is out: New special page for missing labels, new type for Gregorian years, and much more == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-11-21|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we introduce a new special page for objects with a missing label, we present two new types (Gregorian year and Wikidata statement rank), we showcase several contributions made by you volunteers, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 18:23, 22 Novemba 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=27757932 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #182 is out: WordGraph release; New Special page: list functions by tests; new type for day of the year, and much more == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-11-27|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss the implications of the release of Google Zurich's WordGraph dataset, we introduce a new special page, support for other Wikidata statements and a new type (day of Roman year), and finally we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 15:03, 28 Novemba 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=27872982 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - November 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirty-seventh newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 8, 12, 13, 15, 16 and 17.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * User group meeting, 24 November ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20241124|minutes]]) * We are working on our [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Annual plan 2025|annual plan for 2025]], please add activities that you would like to work on. ; Other news * [[m:Event:CEE Catch up Nr. 8 (November 2024)|CEE Catch up Nr. 8 with a sustainability theme]] * [[w:pt:Wikipédia:Wikiconcurso Justiça Climática e Amazônia|Wikiconcurso Justiça Climática e Amazônia]] (SDG 13) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/October_2024/Contents/New_Zealand_report#nz-edit|Report from New Zealand Species Edit-a-thons]] (SDG 15) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/October_2024/Contents/Macedonia_report#vvc|Report from climate change editing workshop in Macedonia]] (SDG 13) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/November_2024/Contents/Croatia_report|DeGrowth in November with students, artists and academics in Croatia]] (SDG 8&12) * The new [[mw:Extension:Chart/Project/Updates#November_2024:_Production_deployment_and_security_review_complete|Charts extension has been enabled on Wikimedia Commons]]. It's time to start bringing all your local sustainability related charts over there! (SDG 17) ; Events * Ongoing: [[m:Event:Bridging Climate Literacy Gaps through Wikimedia projects in Ogoni Land Rivers|Bridging Climate Literacy Gaps through Wikimedia projects in Ogoni Land Rivers]] (SDG 13) * Ongoing: [[m:Event:Financiamiento climático en Wikipedia|Financiamiento climático en Wikipedia]] (SDG 13) * Just started: [[m:Event:African Legislators in Red|African Legislators in Red]] (SDG 16) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 19:29, 1 Disemba 2024 (UTC)</bdi> • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=27830533 --> == Next Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Volunteers' Corner will be on December 9 == Hi, we remind you that, if you have questions or ideas to discuss about Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia, you can participate to the next '''Volunteers' Corner''', that will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1733758200 December 9, at 15:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). We hope to see you there! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:46, 6 Disemba 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=27889617 --> == Question from [[User:Goodymaraj|Goodymaraj]] (18:38, 13 Disemba 2024) == Hi, Olugold I have added Wikipedia pages for quick deletion. I hope to delete them as soon as possible and activate the deletion template on them, but they delete them over and over again. Thanks Olugold --[[Ojiarụ:Goodymaraj|Goodymaraj]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Goodymaraj|ṅkátá]]) 18:38, 13 Disemba 2024 (UTC) == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #183 is out: Sketching a path to Abstract Wikipedia; Team offsite in Lisbon; and much more == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-12-12|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss how natural language generation for Abstract Wikipedia might develop, and we share news on tools and types on Wikifunctions. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 18:52, 16 Disemba 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=27889617 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #184 is out: Function of the Week: age; Intros for year articles; New Type: Floating-point number == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-12-19|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In the last issue for 2024, we discuss functions to create introductions for articles about years, we showcase one of the 23 functions with the Gregorian year type, we introduce a new type, and finally we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 22:06, 19 Disemba 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=27889617 --> == Question from [[User:Ahmedborar673|Ahmedborar673]] on [[Basil Raslan]] (22:11, 26 Disemba 2024) == Basil Raslan --[[Ojiarụ:Ahmedborar673|Ahmedborar673]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Ahmedborar673|ṅkátá]]) 22:11, 26 Disemba 2024 (UTC) == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - December 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirty-eighth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 3, 10, 13 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * User group meeting in December ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20241229|minutes]]) * We have adopted an [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Annual plan 2025|annual plan for 2025]]! ; Other news * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4_hWBwaQxaw Lightning talk by Adam Harangzo - National Institute for Health and Care Research on Wikipedia] (SDG 3&13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/12/11/top-photos-of-the-special-nomination-human-rights-and-environment-from-wiki-loves-earth-2024%f0%9f%a4%9d/ Top photos of the special nomination “Human Rights and Environment” from Wiki Loves Earth 2024!] (SDG 10&15) * [https://www.wikimedia.nz/nz-species-editathon-recap/ Two days, 15 editors, 750 edits] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/12/28/a-peekaboo-into-our-butterflying-trip-from-the-amazon-of-the-east/ A Peekaboo Into Our Butterflying Trip from the Amazon of the East] (SDG 15) * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2024/12/27/brooklyn-college-students-bring-ecology-course-content-to-wikipedia/ Brooklyn College students bring ecology course content to Wikipedia] (SDG 13&15 * [https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/09636625241268890 Declaring crisis? Temporal constructions of climate change on WikipediaDeclaring crisis? Temporal constructions of climate change on Wikipedia] (SDG 13) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 08:04, 2 Jenụwarị 2025 (UTC)</bdi> • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=27983472 --> == Would you join our editorial board? == Hi @[[Ojiarụ:Olugold|Olugold]], how are you doing? Would you join our community editorial board? This helps to record a resounding outcome. Thanks for your consideration. [[Ojiarụ:Onwuka Glory|Onwuka Glory]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Onwuka Glory|ṅkátá]]) 16:22, 2 Jenụwarị 2025 (UTC) == Next Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Volunteers' Corner will be on January 13 == Hi, we remind you that, if you have questions or ideas to discuss about Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia, you can participate to the next Volunteers' Corner, that will be held on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1736793000 January 13, at 18:30 UTC] ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). We hope to see you there! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 17:44, 10 Jenụwarị 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28062578 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #185 is out: Happy Wikipedia day! Quarterly planning == The [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-01-15|first update of 2025]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions is out. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we present our plan for the upcoming quarter (January-March 2025), we suggest changes to our "Function of the week" section, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 18:34, 17 Jenụwarị 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28062578 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #186 is out: Welcome, David! Naming conventions recommendations == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-01-22|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we welcome a new member of the team, we introduce our current discussion on naming conventions recommendations, we introduce a new section dedicated to the newest functions created, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 16:36, 23 Jenụwarị 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28062578 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #187 is out: With 2000 Functions into the new year: time for stats == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-01-29|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we present some statistics about where we are as a project, we give some updates about our Types, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1738607400 February 3, at 18:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:05, 30 Jenụwarị 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28185757 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - January 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirty-ninth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 3, 11, 13 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * [[m:Event:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development user group meeting 20250223|User group meeting 23 February]] * User group meeting in January ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20250119|minutes]]). * The user group submitted an annual report in the new [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Affiliates Strategy/Implementation/Affiliate health criteria/Reports/2024/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development|affiliate health criteria format]], and as an [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Reports/2024|activity report]]. * The [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Strategy 2030|2030 strategy]] for the user group was adopted. ; Other news * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/01/06/swiss-server-helped-optimise-wikidata-in-the-field-of-medicine/ Swiss server helped optimise Wikidata in the field of medicine] (SDG 3) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/01/08/photographers-from-turkiye-tell-the-story-of-award-wining-photos-in-wiki-loves-earth-2024/ Photographers from Türkiye tell the story of award wining photos in Wiki Loves Earth 2024] (SDG 15) * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HZnAp7oovlg OpenStreetMap and Wikidata in Disaster Times - CEE Meeting 2024 Istanbul] (SDG 11) ; Events * 1-28 February: [[listarchive:list/wikimedia-l@lists.wikimedia.org/message/5DC7IKHKGBEE5KOD4PY2XNKT55EA6LW4/|Wiki Loves Africa: Climate & Weather ISA campaign]] (SDG 13) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 14:05, 4 Febụwarị 2025 (UTC)</bdi> • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=28153013 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #188 is out: Invitation to the Natural Language Generation Special Interest Group == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-02-06|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we present a proposal to restructure our Natural Language Generation Special Interest Group (NLG SIG) meeting, we announce the creation of a new type, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 17:17, 6 Febụwarị 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28185757 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #189 is out: Restricting the World, redux == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-02-13|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we have an essay from Denny, we discuss the fix to the Byte Type, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:19, 14 Febụwarị 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28241947 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #190 is out: A proposal for types per language and part of speech == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-02-19|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we present a proposal for types to represent a part of speech in a language, we present some events that we have taken part to (or we are taking part to), and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 15:50, 20 Febụwarị 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28271571 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">We would like to hear about your experiences with Temporary Accounts</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="body"/> [[File:Temporary Accounts - first edit popup.png|thumb]] '''[https://wikimedia.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_e2MNLeWJU89pNTo This survey should take no longer than 5 minutes to complete.]''' The Trust & Safety Product team recently made [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|Temporary Accounts]] available on 12 wikis. There are plans to expand this to a larger set of wikis in the coming weeks and months and then proceed with a complete deployment later this year. Your participation in this survey will be immensely valuable in helping us understand how well Temporary Accounts are working and what we can improve on going forward. The privacy policy for this survey may be [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Temp_Accounts_Minor_Pilots_Survey_Privacy_Statement|viewed at this link]]. By completing this survey, you agree to the terms set forward in the privacy policy. Thank you!<section end="body"/> </div> [[User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|<span class="signature-talk">ṅkátá</span>]]) 02:50, 27 Febụwarị 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:SGrabarczuk_(WMF)/sandbox/8&oldid=28315571 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #191 is out: From things to words == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-02-26|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss the deployment of the possibility of getting the right Lexeme given a Wikidata Item, we discuss the newest updates about Types, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1741026600 March 3, at 18:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 16:16, 28 Febụwarị 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28307629 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - February 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our fortieth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 3, 5, 8, 11, 13, 15 and 16.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * User group meeting in February ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20250223|minutes]]). ; Other news * [[c:Commons:Wiki Loves Earth 2025/Organise|Time to get ready to organize Wiki Loves Earth]] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/02/05/women-of-the-future-international-womens-day-2025/ ‘Women of the Future’ – International Women’s Day 2025] (SDG 5) * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2025/02/17/the-experts-behind-the-edits-expanding-public-understanding-of-healthcare/ The Experts Behind the Edits: Expanding public understanding of healthcare] (SDG 3) * [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/ecosia-and-wikimedia-enterprise-partner/ Wikimedia Enterprise and Ecosia Partner to Drive Sustainable Search Innovation] (SDG 13) * A [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Climate Change/Policies|subproject to WikiProject Climate Change about Climate Change Policies]] has just started on Wikidata (SDG 13) ; Events * 1 March: [[m:Event:Open Data Day 2025 in Côte d'Ivoire|Open Data Day 2025 in Côte d'Ivoire]] (SDG 8) * 7 March [[m:Event:Govdirectory Collab Hour - Open Data Day 2025|Govdirectory Collab Hour - Open Data Day 2025]] (SDG 16) * 8 March–1 April: [[m:Event:Shine Her Light Writing Contest 2025|Shine Her Light Writing Contest 2025]] (SDG 5) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 07:51, 1 Maachị 2025 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=28259111 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #192 is out: Recent Changes in the software, Recording of Volunteer’s Corner, and talks in London == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-03-07|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we present two talks that will feature Denny as a speaker and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 15:12, 7 Maachị 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28307629 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #193 is out: Upcoming NLG meeting, Recent Changes in the software == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-03-15|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we invite you to the next [[:f:Wikifunctions:NLG SIG|NLG SIG Meeting]], that will take place [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1739894400 on Tuesday March 18 at 16 UTC], and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 16:39, 15 Maachị 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28399838 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #194 is out: Wikidata-based simple enumerations == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-03-20|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we introduce a discussion about a new kind of enumeration type, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:06, 21 Maachị 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28399838 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #195 is out: It’s about time == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-03-28|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we introduce a discussion about how to support the creation of a type for time that is compatible with Wikidata, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 17:25, 28 Maachị 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28399838 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - March 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our forty first newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 13, 15 and 17.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; News * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/03/27/organise-your-local-wiki-loves-earth-in-2025/ Organise your local Wiki Loves Earth in 2025!] (SDG 15) * [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Climate Policy Radar ID|Wikidata property proposal for the Climate Policy Radar]] (SDG 13) * [https://gupea.ub.gu.se/bitstream/handle/2077/85640/NKB_Debatt_Wikipedia.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y Biologists encourage other biologists to edit Wikipedia] (in Swedish) (SDG 15) * A [[c:File:Langzeitkooperationen zwischen Museen und dem Wikipedia-Universum.pdf|presentation on long-term collaborations between museums and the Wikimedia universe]] was given on March 10 at a [https://www.kiekeberg-museum.de/fileadmin/user_upload/3_4_1_Tagungen/geplante_tagungen/Programm_Tagung_Mittwochs_ist_Museumstag_-_Langzeitkooperationen_im_Museum_10-11.3.2025_FLMK3.pdf symposium on long-term collaborations with museums in Germany](SDG 17) * A [[c:File:Gemeinsam mehr erreichen Freies Wissen als Grundlage der Zusammenarbeit zwischen Wikimedia und anderen Ehrenamtsinitiativen.pdf|presentation on existing and potential collaborations between the Wikimedia community and other volunteer communities]] was given on March 29 at a [https://tdsummit.d-s-e-e.de/ national volunteering convention] in Germany (SDG 17) ; Events * [[m:Event:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development user group meeting 20250420|Next user group meeting: 20 April]] This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> [[Ojiarụ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:MediaWiki message delivery|ṅkátá]]) 09:28, 1 Eprel 2025 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=28259111 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #196 is out: Quarterly Planning for April–June 2025; We are looking for a Senior Product Manager == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-04-05|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we present our work plan for the upcoming quarter (April-June 2025), we publish a new job opening for joining the team, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1744047000 April 7, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:22, 6 Eprel 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28471753 --> == Question from [[User:Riyad hossain 89|Riyad hossain 89]] (18:56, 9 Eprel 2025) == Riyad Hossain With over 05 years of experience in the field of journalism, Riyad Hossain heads the editorial operations of Mission Ki Awaaz as a Blogger. Lives from Bangladesh --[[Ojiarụ:Riyad hossain 89|Riyad hossain 89]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Riyad hossain 89|ṅkátá]]) 18:57, 9 Eprel 2025 (UTC) == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #197 is out: Quarter in review, and lots of material to watch == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-04-11|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we evaluate our work done for the recently closed quarter (January-March 2025), we present you a number of video and blogpost about us to watch and read, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also we remind you that the next '''Natural Language Generation Special Interest Group meeting''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1744732800 April 15, at 16:00 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xzn-kqer-mah link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:20, 11 Eprel 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28471753 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #198 is out: Wikifunctions integrated in Dagbani - and Wikifunctions; and the date of Easter == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-04-16|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we announce that this week we switched on the ability to call Wikifunctions functions from within Dagbani Wikipedia (our first wiki to do so!), we discuss the functions related to calculating the dates of Easter, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:28, 17 Eprel 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28471753 --> == Question from [[User:Dr Ann Dangote|Dr Ann Dangote]] on [[Legrek Parond]] (07:00, 25 Eprel 2025) == do all articles have to be written in igbo or can the articles be written in English. --[[Ojiarụ:Dr Ann Dangote|Dr Ann Dangote]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Dr Ann Dangote|ṅkátá]]) 07:00, 25 Eprel 2025 (UTC) == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #199 is out: Welcome, Gregory! == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-04-25|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we present a new member of the team, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746466200 May 5, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:16, 28 Eprel 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28586963 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #200 is out: Abstract Wikipedia is a MacArthur 100&Change finalist == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-04-30|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we announce that we reached the final stage of a grant competition, we introduce our next big conversation about where the content of Abstract Wikipedia will be located, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746466200 May 5, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 10:57, 1 Mee 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28628447 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #201 is out: Abstract Wikipedia and the Wikimedia AI Strategy == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-05-09|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss how Abstract Wikipedia ties in with the newly announced WMF's strategy for AI, we talk about the Wikimedia Hackathon and our community meetings, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 10:27, 10 Mee 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28661550 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - April 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our forty second newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 3, 5, 13 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * User group meeting ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20250420|minutes]]) ; Other news * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2025/04/09/zombie-ants-to-bioremediation-the-world-of-entomopathogenic-fungi/ Zombie ants to bioremediation: The world of entomopathogenic fungi] (SDG 15) * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2025/04/21/with-foundation-increases-support-to-expand-disability-healthcare-information-on-wikipedia/ WITH Foundation increases support to expand disability healthcare information on Wikipedia] (SDG 3) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/04/04/women-and-health-project-improving-the-representation-of-womens-health-on-wikipedia/ Women and Health Project: Improving the representation of women’s health on Wikipedia] (SDG 3&5) ; Events * May 19: [[m:Habilidades Digitales Verdes en Wikimedia 2025|Habilidades Digitales Verdes en Wikimedia 2025]] (SDG 13) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 07:22, 11 Mee 2025 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=28259111 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #202 is out: Location of Abstract Content == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-05-15|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we invite you to [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content|a consultation]] about where should the content of Abstract Wikipedia be stored, we invite you to our next online presentation, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 10:56, 16 Mee 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28661550 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #203 is out: Ongoing consultation about the Location for Abstract Content == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-05-23|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we invite you again to [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content|a consultation]] about where should the content of Abstract Wikipedia be stored, we present some updates about existing and new types, we remind you of our next online presentation, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:54, 23 Mee 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28661550 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #204 is out: Rolling out to five Wiktionaries; Calculating with today's date == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-05-29|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we talk about our latest deployment on five Wiktionaries, we showcase a couple of functions about dates, we remind you of ongoing discussions and upcoming presentations, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1748885400 June 2, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:38, 29 Mee 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28780680 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #205 is out: Where will Abstract Content go? == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-06-06|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we give you some updates on the discussion about where to store abstract content, we present you the recordings of our latest presentations and meetings, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:38, 9 Jụn 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28806388 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - May 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our forty third newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 3, 5, 10, 15 and 16.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * 22 June: [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|User group meeting]] ; Other news * Several papers presented at WikiWorkshop: ** [https://wikiworkshop.org/2025/paper/wikiworkshop_2025_paper_24.pdf EcoWikiRS: Using Species Descriptions in Wikipedia and Remote Sensing to Learn about the Ecological Properties of a Place] (SDG 15) ** [https://wikiworkshop.org/2025/paper/wikiworkshop_2025_paper_6.pdf Data Extraction Methods for Analyzing Gender Bias on Wikipedia's Front Page] (SDG 5) ** [https://wikiworkshop.org/2025/paper/wikiworkshop_2025_paper_28.pdf Measuring Cross-Lingual Information Gaps in English Wikipedia: A Case Study of LGBT People Portrayals] (SDG 10) ** [https://wikiworkshop.org/2025/paper/wikiworkshop_2025_paper_14.pdf Exploring Wikipedia community practices during the 2024 European Parliament election] (SDG 16) ** [https://wikiworkshop.org/2025/paper/wikiworkshop_2025_paper_55.pdf Wikipedia as a Tool for Tracking Mass Migration Flows: Insights from the Russian Invasion of Ukraine] (SDG 10) ** [https://wikiworkshop.org/2025/paper/wikiworkshop_2025_paper_65.pdf Regulations in Wikidata: The case of PFAS-related regulations] (SDG 3 & 16) * [https://wikipediapodden.se/minimal-viable-species-stub-315/ Podcast about the minimal viable species stub] (SDG 15) * [https://wikimedia.org.uk/2025/05/media-literacy-and-responding-to-emergencies-and-disinformation/ Wikimedia UK and the Royal Society host workshop on information literacy and future health emergencies] (SDG 3) ; Events * 16 June: [[w:en:Event:Wikimedia NYC and United Nations Wikipedia Edit-A-Thon|Wikimedia NYC and United Nations Wikipedia Edit-A-Thon]] This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 09:37, 12 Jụn 2025 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=28771610 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #206 is out: Closing the consultation about the location of Abstract Content == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-06-15|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we announce the closing of the discussion about where to store abstract content, we remind you about our current discussions about types and our next [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:NLG_SIG|NLG SIG meeting]], and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:56, 16 Jụn 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28860768 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #207 is out: Quarterly Planning for July–September 2025 == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-06-21|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we outline our priorities for the next quarter (July–September 2025), we give you some updates related to our new types, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:38, 23 Jụn 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28860768 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #208 is out: How many people are needed to write an encyclopedia? == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-06-27|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we share a short essay from Denny about writing an encyclopedia, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 15:38, 28 Jụn 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28860768 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - June 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our forty fourth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 3, 5, and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * 6 July: [[m:Event:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development user group meeting 20250706|User group meeting]] ; Other news * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9I8Nr_UamtM Biodiversidade na Wiki] (in Portuguese) (SDG 15) * [https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ppp3.70050 The women honoured in flowering plant genera: From myth to reality] (SDG 5&15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/06/20/rethinking-wiki-engagement-in-medical-research-insights-from-a-residency-at-nihr/ Rethinking Wiki engagement in medical research: insights from a residency at NIHR] (SDG 3) ; Events * 24 July: [https://mdi.georgetown.edu/events/guwikieditathonsummer2025/ Editing for Equity: Closing the Wikipedia Gender Gap] (SDG 5) * 2 & 9 August: [https://events.humanitix.com/nz-species-editathon-wellington New Zealand Species Edit-a-thon] (SDG 15) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 21:06, 1 Julaị 2025 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=28881683 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #209 is out: Coverage of 1298 == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-07-04|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we share a short essay from Denny about how Wikipedias cover articles about years, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1751909400 July 7, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:39, 4 Julaị 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28927185 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #210 is out: Length limits on labels and descriptions == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-07-10|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we introduce a measure to limit length of labels and descriptions, we show a video illustrating our work on front-end components, we share some news on new Types, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also we remind you that the next '''Natural Language Generation Special Interest Group meeting''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1752595200 July 15, at 16:00 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xzn-kqer-mah link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 09:46, 11 Julaị 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28960872 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #211 is out: Wikidata-based enumerations are here == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-07-19|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we introduce a new kind of Type (Wikidata-based enumerations), we remind you of our current sprint in fixing labels and descriptions that are too long, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:16, 19 Julaị 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28960872 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #212 is out: “Wikipedia is an encyclopedia”; Two years of Wikifunctions == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-07-26|the '''second anniversary update''']] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we introduce our work on functions that generate sentences and fragments in several languages, we celebrate our second anniversary, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 16:33, 26 Julaị 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29016422 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - July 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our forty fifth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 5, 10, 13 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> <!--Add content here --> ; User group news * 6 July: User group meeting ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20250706|minutes]]) * We are trying to establish better governance for the user group and [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Draft by-laws|have some inspiration]] on which your comments are requested. ; Other news * To promote sustainability and increase the visibility of the Sustainable Development Goals, the [[w:tr:Vikiproje:S%C3%BCrd%C3%BCr%C3%BClebilir_Kalk%C4%B1nma|"Sustainable Development Wikiproject" was launched on the Turkish Wikipedia]] * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/07/11/wiki-loves-butterfly-community-led-contributions-in-dzongu-valley-north-sikkim-india/ Wiki Loves Butterfly: Community-Led Contributions in Dzongu Valley, North Sikkim, India] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/07/12/gender-climate-and-sustainability-my-journey-with-the-awa-fellowship-2025/ Gender, Climate and Sustainability: My Journey with the AWA Fellowship 2025] (SDG 5 & 13) * [https://blog.tepapa.govt.nz/2025/07/14/the-power-and-potential-of-wikidata-for-botany/ The power and potential of Wikidata for botany] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/07/15/amplifying-inclusion-and-climate-justice-through-open-knowledge-my-journey-as-a-fellow-under-awa-fellowship-2025/ Amplifying Inclusion and Climate Justice Through Open Knowledge: My Journey as a Fellow under AWA Fellowship 2025] (SDG 13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/07/15/justice-through-open-knowledge-training-human-rights-advocate-to-document-human-rights-incident-with-wikipedia-and-wikimedia-commons/ Justice through Open Knowledge: Training Human Rights Advocate to Document Human Rights Incident with Wikipedia and Wikimedia Commons] (SDG 10) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/07/16/wings-of-bengal-the-winners-of-wiki-loves-bangla-2025/ Wings of Bengal: The Winners of Wiki Loves Bangla 2025] (SDG 15) * [https://infomgnt.org/posts/2025-07-16-Connecting-Knowledge-with-Wikidata-a-practical-Project-with-the-Museum-fuer-Naturkunde-Berlin/ Connecting Knowledge with Wikidata: A Practical Project with the Museum für Naturkunde Berlin] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/07/19/when-time-slows-down-documenting-butterflies-in-the-north-eastern-himalayas/ When Time Slows Down: Documenting Butterflies in the North Eastern Himalayas] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/07/23/wiki-loves-earth-celebrates-1000000-images-of-the-natural-heritage-worldwide/ Wiki Loves Earth celebrates 1,000,000 images of the natural heritage worldwide!] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/07/28/closing-content-gaps-highlights-from-my-july-as-an-awa-inclusion-and-climate-justice-fellow/ Closing Content Gaps: Highlights from my July as an AWA Inclusion and Climate Justice Fellow] (SDG 13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/08/01/thrilling-two-day-butterfly-expedition-in-central-odisha/ Thrilling Two-Day Butterfly Expedition in Central Odisha] (SDG 15) ; Events * 6-9 August: Wikimania is coming up, and you can easily [[wikimania:2025:Registration|join remotely]]. Find [[wikimania:2025:Program/SDG related sessions|all sessions related to the Sustainable Development Goals]]. This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 09:27, 2 Ọgọọst 2025 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=28881683 --> == Question from [[User:Imborhope|Imborhope]] (16:31, 15 Ọgọọst 2025) == How do I write my perfect autobiography --[[Ojiarụ:Imborhope|Imborhope]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Imborhope|ṅkátá]]) 16:31, 15 Ọgọọst 2025 (UTC) :Writing an autobiography is not encouraged on Wikipedia. Learn more: [[en:Wikipedia:Autobiography|Wikipedia:Autobiography]]. If a person is notable, other editors will write a [[en:Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons|biography]] about the person. -- [[Ojiarụ:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 03:48, 16 Ọgọọst 2025 (UTC) == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #215 is out: Accessing Wikidata items now possible from embedded function calls; Wikifunctions available on 65 Wikitionaries == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-08-29|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we announce that it is now possible to access Wikidata items from embedded function calls, we also inform that Wikifunctions is now available on 60 more Wiktionaries, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:57, 29 Ọgọọst 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29173200 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - August 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our forty sixth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 13 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * 21 September: [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|User Group Meeting]] ; Other news * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/08/07/when-butterflies-took-over-a-classroom/ When Butterflies Took Over a Classroom] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/08/13/a-walk-with-butterflies-that-healed-the-heart/ A Walk with Butterflies That Healed the Heart] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/08/21/wikimania-2025-information-integrity-on-climate-change-on-wikimedia-projects/ Wikimania 2025: Information Integrity on Climate Change on Wikimedia projects] (SDG 13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/08/30/botanical-perspective-of-wikitutuwuhan-project/ Botanical Perspective of WikiTutuwuhan Project] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/08/30/past-present-and-future-a-wikimedian-in-residence-at-the-biodiversity-heritage-library/ Past, present and future: a Wikimedian-in-Residence at the Biodiversity Heritage Library] (SDG 15) * [[wikimania:2025:Program/SDG related sessions|All SDG related sessions at Wikimania]] This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 20:24, 1 Septemba 2025 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=29165157 --> == Next Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Volunteers’ Corner is tomorrow! == We remind you that our next '''Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Volunteers’ Corner''' will be '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1757352600 tomorrow, September 8, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Unless you have many questions, we will follow our usual agenda, giving updates on the upcoming plans and recent activities, having plenty of time and space for your questions, and building a Function together. See you at the Corner! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:39, 7 Septemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29173200 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #216 is out: Copying function calls from one Wikipedia to another == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-09-07|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we announce that it is now possible to use natural languages as a default value in embedded function calls, we discuss the latest news in Types, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 16:04, 8 Septemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29173200 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #217 is out: More than 3,000 functions on Wikifunctions == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-09-12|a new update]] for Wikifunctions and Abstract Wikipedia. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we celebrate reaching the milestone of 3,000 functions on Wikifunctions, we discuss our upcoming commitments in outreach, we share with you our latest blogpost, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 18:21, 12 Septemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29173200 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #218 is out: Wikifunctions available on 123 Wiktionary languages == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-09-19|a new update]] for Wikifunctions and Abstract Wikipedia. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we update you on the recent Wikifunctions deployment on Wiktionaries, we introduce our new page for requesting cleanups, we update you on what's new on Types, we remind you of the upcoming meetings, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also we remind you that the next '''Natural Language Generation Special Interest Group meeting''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1758643200 September 23, at 16:00 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xzn-kqer-mah link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 15:26, 20 Septemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29289969 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #219 is out: Accessing qualifiers in Wikidata statements == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-09-26|a new update]] for Wikifunctions and Abstract Wikipedia. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we introduce the possibility of calling also qualifiers from Wikidata, we update you on the recent deployments of Wikifunctions and on the Wikifunctions presentations at Wikimedia events, we give you the recent updates on Types, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 17:46, 26 Septemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29319712 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - September 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our forty seventh newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 4, 7 and 13.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * User group meeting ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20250921|minutes]]) ; Other news * The OpenStreetMap community has an initiative called "[https://mapyourgrid.org/ MapYourGrid]" focused on energy infrastructure on Wikidata and Open Streetmap. (SDG 7) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/09/18/bridging-climate-science-and-the-public-how-the-austrian-climate-report-found-a-home-on-wikipedia/ Bridging Climate Science and the Public: How the Austrian Climate Report Found a Home on Wikipedia] (SDG 13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/09/27/microworld-a-wikimedia-fueled-microbial-exhibition-in-northern-argentina/ Microworld: a Wikimedia-fueled microbial exhibition in northern Argentina] (SDG 4) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/09/30/wiki-green-conference-2025/ Wiki-Green Conference 2025] This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 20:46, 1 Ọktoba 2025 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=29165157 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #220 is out: Rich text now available in embedded function calls on 148 Wiktionaries and Incubator == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-10-03|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we update you on the latest functions and types you can create, we announce that functions are now available to call on 152 projects, we talk about our presentations at Wikimedia meetings, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1759771800 October 6, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 08:55, 4 Ọktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29367070 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #221 is out: Decision on location for abstract content and Quarterly Planning for October–December == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-10-08|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we introduce our [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|naming contest for Abstract Wikipedia]], we discuss our plans and work for the upcoming quarter (October-December 2025), we report on the next events we'll be part of, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 17:47, 9 Ọktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29367070 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #222 is out: Kicking Off the Naming Contest for Abstract Wikipedia; Visualizing functions == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-10-15|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we kickstart our [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|naming contest for Abstract Wikipedia]], we present a beautiful representation of functions by a community member, we report on the next events we'll be part of, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 17:04, 15 Ọktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29444338 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #223 is out: Welcome Zaree and Laura! Naming contest round 1 kicked off == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-10-23|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we welcome two new additions to the team, we update you on our [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|naming contest for Abstract Wikipedia]], we report on the next events we'll be part of, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 21:10, 23 Ọktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29491948 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #224 is out: Round 1 of “abstract content wiki” naming vote ending Monday; An example of short descriptions == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-10-29|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we update you on our [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|naming contest for Abstract Wikipedia]], we announce our first experimentation with short descriptions on Wikidata, we talk about our presentations at the upcoming WikidataCon 2025, and we take a look at the latest Type and software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1762194600 November 3, at 18:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:48, 30 Ọktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29511879 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - October 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our forty eighth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 4, 5, 10 and 13.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; News * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/10/01/ewe-language-activists-trained-to-translate-the-sustainable-development-goals-online/ Ewe Language Activists Trained to Translate the Sustainable Development Goals Online] * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/10/11/how-wikimedia-commons-is-making-microbiology-open-lessons-from-wikimedistas-de-jujuy-argentina/ How Wikimedia Commons is making microbiology open: lessons from Wikimedistas de Jujuy, Argentina] (SDG 4) * The [https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mall:Faktamall_f%C3%B6retag&diff=58499099&oldid=57412306 Swedish Wikipedia company infobox now shows carbon emissions data] retreived from Wikidata for over 200 companies. (SDG 13) ; Events * 6 November–3 December: [[m:Event:Visible Wiki Women Campaign 2025|Visible Wiki Women Campaign 2025]] (SDG 5) * 11 November: [[m:Event:First steps in Wikidata for the Wikimedia LGBT Community|First steps in Wikidata for the Wikimedia LGBT Community]] (SDG 10) * 1–30 November: [[w:id:Wikipedia:Bulan_Asia_Wikipedia_2025|Bulan Asia Wikipedia 2025]] (SDG 10) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 16:47, 3 Novemba 2025 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=29554723 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #225 is out: First round of voting for naming the wiki for abstract content closed; Calling for Wiktionary functions; Embedded Wikifunctions on Bengali Wikipedia and seven more Wiktionaries == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-11-05|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we update you on the closing of the first phase of the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|naming contest for Abstract Wikipedia]], we introduce a possible implementation of Wikifunctions for Wiktionaries, we talk about our latest outreach events, and we take a look at the latest Type and software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:06, 6 Novemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29511879 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #226 is out: Getting ready for second round of voting for naming the wiki with abstract content; Rewriting the backend: Why Rust? == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-11-13|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we summarise current discussion regarding the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|naming contest for Abstract Wikipedia]], we discuss how we are rewriting the backend, we ask for help in substituting a function, we suggest you the recordings of Wikifunctions-related sessions at the WikidataCon 2025, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also we remind you that the next '''Natural Language Generation Special Interest Group meeting''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1763481600 November 18, at 16:00 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xzn-kqer-mah link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:42, 13 Novemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29511879 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #227 is out: Second round of voting for naming the wiki with language-independent content; Sharing function calls == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-11-20|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we announce the start of the second phase of the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|naming contest for Abstract Wikipedia]], we share the results of the MacArthur Foundation's 100&Change contest, we share the recording of the last NLG SIG meeting, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 10:11, 21 Novemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29511879 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #228 is out: Vote on the new wiki name! Finishing each other’s sentences == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-11-27|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we update you on our [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|naming contest for Abstract Wikipedia]], we discuss our progress on sentence creation with functions, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1762194600 December 1, at 18:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:38, 27 Novemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29511879 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - November 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our forty ninth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 5, 13 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * 11 December: [[m:Event:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development user group meeting 20251211|User group call]] * As are ending the year and will be wrapping up on the [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Annual plan 2025|current annual plan]] we are doing a few sprints. If every member of the user group makes just one contribution, we will finish these easily and have a great resource for the entire community. Please check out these and see if you can help out: ** [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Video translation|Videos with translatable subtitles]] *** Help by identifying which videos need translation ** [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Charts coordination|Charts]] *** Help by identifying charts that should be used in SDG topics <br/> ; Other news * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/11/09/wikimedia-project-from-south-america-selected-by-the-unesco-global-initiative-for-information-integrity-on-climate-change-fund/ Wikimedia Project from South America Selected by the UNESCO Global Initiative for Information Integrity on Climate Change Fund] (SDG 13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/11/10/northern-argentine-wikimedians-recognized-in-regional-openstreetmap-contest/ Northern Argentine Wikimedians recognized in regional OpenStreetMap Contest] (SDG 15) * [https://www.aftonbladet.se/nyheter/a/LMyQBP/ny-ai-modell-svenska-foretags-utslapp-av-koldioxid Garbo gräver fram siffror på utsläpp av koldioxid] news in Swedish about carbon emissions data being added to the company infoboxes (SDG 13) * [https://wikimedia.at/der-klimabericht-und-die-wikipedia-teil-3-wissenschaftskommunikation/ Der Klimabericht und die Wikipedia Teil 3: Wissenschaftskommunikation] (SDG 13) ; Events * [[m:SheSaid|SheSaid campaign on Wikiquote]]. From 1 September until 31 December 2025. (SDG 5) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 14:39, 1 Disemba 2025 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=29620767 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #229 is out: And the name is Abstract Wikipedia == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-12-04|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we share the final results of the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|naming contest for Abstract Wikipedia]], we share two demos about new Wikifunctions features, we talk about Wikidata components in Wikifunctions, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:02, 4 Disemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29735279 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #230 is out: How to write better error messages == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-12-11|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we share an essay on how to write better error messages, on improving which we focused in the last months. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:01, 12 Disemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29735279 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #231 is out: We wish you a happy new Gregorian year! == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-12-18|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we showcase some templates using Wikifunctions functions on several projects, and we wrap up work for this Gregorian year, wishing you happy holidays. The updates will resume in the week of January 14, so if you feel like you want more, you can always read the previous updates in [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 16:01, 18 Disemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29814552 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - December 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our fiftieth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 7, 13 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> <!--Add content here --> ; User group news * User group call, 11 December ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20251211|minutes]]) ; Other news * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/12/08/wikiforhumanrights-2025-documenting-ghanas-just-energy-transition-through-the-lens/ WikiForHumanRights 2025: Documenting Ghana’s Just Energy Transition Through the Lens] (SDG 7) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/November_2025/Contents/New_Zealand_report#Update_on_the_Bioeconomy_Science_Institute_Wikimedian_in_Residence|Update on the Bioeconomy Science Institute Wikimedian in Residence]] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/12/14/wikiforhumanrights-2025-campaign-in-ghana/ WikiForHumanRights 2025 campaign in Ghana] (SDG 7&13) * [https://wikimedia.org.uk/2025/12/topics-for-impact/ Topics for impact] by Wikimedia UK * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/12/22/project-gayatri-a-year-of-building-knowledge-closing-with-heart/ Project Gayatri: A Year of Building Knowledge, Closing with Heart] (SDG 13) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 21:24, 4 Jenụwarị 2026 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=29844481 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #232 is out: 25 years of Wikipedia == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-01-15|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In the first issue of 2026, we celebrate our incredible milestone of 25 years of Wikipedia and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 10:04, 16 Jenụwarị 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29902635 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #233 is out: Quarterly plan for January–March 2026 == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-01-22|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we share our work plans for the quarter that goes from January to March 2026, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:01, 22 Jenụwarị 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29963119 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #234 is out: Integrating Abstract Wikipedia == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-01-29|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we share our ideas about the integration of Abstract Wikipedia with the existing Wikimedia projects, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 09:51, 30 Jenụwarị 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29963119 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - January 2026 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our fifty first newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * The [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Reports/2025|annual report for 2025]] was published. * [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|Next user group meeting]] is 22 February. * The drafting of the [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Annual plan 2026|2026 annual plan]] is under way, please help. ; Other news * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/01/09/winning-images-of-the-special-category-human-rights-and-environment-from-wiki-loves-earth-2025%F0%9F%A4%9D/ Winning images of the special category “Human Rights and Environment” from Wiki Loves Earth 2025🤝] (SDG 15) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 14:22, 4 Febụwarị 2026 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=29928029 --> == Next Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Volunteers' Corner will be on February 9 == Hi, we remind you that, if you have questions or ideas to discuss about Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia, you can participate to the next '''Volunteers' Corner''', that will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1770661800 February 9, at 18:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). We hope to see you there! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 06:23, 6 Febụwarị 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29963119 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #235 is out: Finishing each other sentences: Starting things; Offsite in Istanbul == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-02-13|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we share the results of our recent team offsite (meeting in person) in Istanbul, Türkiye, especially on creating sentence fragments in several languages. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 16:31, 13 Febụwarị 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29963119 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #236 is out: A sneak preview of Abstract Wikipedia == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-02-20|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we share a sneak preview of how Abstract Wikipedia will look like and work, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:15, 20 Febụwarị 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29963119 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #237 is out: Graceful overrides and fallbacks == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-02-26|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss different patterns in articles about years on different Wikipedias, we present the video of the Wikifunctions presentation by Nicolas Vigneron at the last Celtic Knot, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1772476200 March 2, at 18:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:18, 27 Febụwarị 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=30119120 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - February 2026 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our fifty second newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 4, 5, 10, 13, 15, 16 and 17.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * A proposal for a climate and sustainability meetup at Wikimania has been submitted. Keep your fingers crossed it gets accepted! ; Other news * [https://metabase.wikibase.cloud Metabase], a project to create a [[m:Movement Strategy/Initiatives/Knowledge Base|movement-wide knowledgebase for activities and initiatives]], now has the property [https://metabase.wikibase.cloud/wiki/Property:P109 relates to sustainable development goal, target or indicator] and all the Sustainable Development Goals, Targets and Indicators. This makes it possible to make sure that your projects and initiative that supports these are marked as doing so and also find previous efforts related to them. * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/02/11/wiki-for-botanists-why-thematic-engagement-matters/ Wiki for Botanists: Why thematic engagement matters] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/02/15/influence-of-seasonal-and-eco-climatic-factors-on-butterfly-diversity-insights-from-wiki-loves-butterfly/ Influence of Seasonal and Eco-climatic Factors on Butterfly Diversity: Insights from Wiki Loves Butterfly] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/02/15/african-women-in-climate-action-a-continued-editing-journey-through-the-edither-africa-contest-2026/ African Women in Climate Action: A Continued Editing Journey through the EditHer Africa Contest 2026] (SDG 5 & 13) ; Events * March is Women's History Month and also has the Internaltional Women's day, so there are plenty of related events. Check out [[m:Special:AllEvents|Special:AllEvents]] to find some near you. (SDG 5) * [[m:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026]] (SDG 16) * [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_India/Events/International_Mother_Language_Day_2026_Datathon|International Mother Language Day 2026 Datathon]] (SDG 4, 10 &17) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 12:13, 2 Maachị 2026 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=29928029 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #238 is out: Citations and Copy and Paste == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-03-06|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we introduce the possibility of creating a function that deals with references and a Wikifunctions internal clipboard, where you can temporarily store any piece of code in order to paste it somewhere else, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 17:28, 6 Maachị 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=30119120 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #239 is out: A new composition language == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-03-11|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we talk about the revamp of the composition language on Wikifunctions, with its potential for further improvements. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 16:19, 12 Maachị 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=30229736 --> == Question from [[User:SamKel123|SamKel123]] (00:44, 19 Maachị 2026) == Hi, Olugold. I stopped Wiking a long time now. I want to get back, as a rewarding hubby. I need your help and push. --[[Ojiarụ:SamKel123|SamKel123]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:SamKel123|ṅkátá]]) 00:44, 19 Maachị 2026 (UTC) :Hi @[[Ojiarụ:SamKel123|SamKel123]], :How can I help you? Have you joined the Igbo Wikimedia community Whatsapp group? There are several Wiki activities organized by the [[m:Igbo Wikimedians User Group|Igbo Wikimedians User Group]] that will help you. -- [[Ojiarụ:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 07:17, 19 Maachị 2026 (UTC) ::Okay. I will join immediately. Thank you so much. [[Ojiarụ:SamKel123|SamKel123]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:SamKel123|ṅkátá]]) 08:37, 19 Maachị 2026 (UTC) == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #240 is out: Abstract Wikipedia is now in Beta == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-03-19|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we celebrate the launch of the [https://abstract.wikipedia.org/ preliminary Beta version of Abstract Wikipedia], and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 18:23, 19 Maachị 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=30229736 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #241 is out: First few days of Abstract Wikipedia Beta; Status of Composition Language v2 == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-03-26|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss the first early edits on [https://abstract.wikipedia.org/ Abstract Wikipedia], we share the status of Composition Language v2, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 16:48, 26 Maachị 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=30289284 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - March 2026 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our fifty third newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * There is now a [[c:Template:User Wikimedians for Sustainable Development|user box template on Wikimedia Commons]] that you can use to show that you are participant of the user group. There were already user boxes on [[m:Template:User Wikimedians for Sustainable Development|Meta]], [[d:Template:User Wikimedians for Sustainable Development|Wikidata]], [[w:en:Template:User Wikimedians for Sustainable Development|English]] and [[w:sv:Mall:Användare Wikimedians for Sustainable Development|Swedish]] Wikipedia. If your home wiki uses user boxes but lacks one, feel free to copy any of these to it. ; Other news * [https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2026/03/02/the-winners-of-wiki-loves-earth-2025/ “Cinematic intensity”: The winners of Wiki Loves Earth 2025] (SDG 15) * [https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00940-y Scientists should join collaborative online editing communities for biodiversity] (SDG 15) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 11:26, 1 Eprel 2026 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=30155800 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #242 is out: Request for Discussion: Syntactic tables == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-04-02|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we introduce a proposal for Natural Language Generation, we introduce a page for function suggestions from Abstract Wikipedia, we inform you that there will be a presentation about Abstract Wikipedia at WikiCon Australia, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1776101400 April 13, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:37, 3 Eprel 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=30325620 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #243 is out: Community proposals for capturing meaning == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-04-10|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we report on three community proposals on syntactic approaches, we introduce a new Type (Complex numbers), we report on current hiccups on Abstract Wikipedia, we share more information about a presentation about Abstract Wikipedia at WikiCon Australia, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1776101400 April 13, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 15:35, 10 Eprel 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=30325620 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #244 is out: Milestones; Some major issues hopefully resolved == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-04-16|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we celebrate 4000 functions on Wikifunctions and 1000 abstract articles on Abstract Wikipedia, we announce that we should have fixed some major issues with the websites, we inform you on our latest outreach activities, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 10:22, 17 Eprel 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=30325620 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #245 is out: The Foundation's search for the perfect language == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-04-25|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we present an academic paper about Abstract Wikipedia, we discuss our latest Type created, and we take a look at the newest created functions. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 09:54, 25 Eprel 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=30325620 --> == You may be an eligible candidate for the U4C election == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Greetings, The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] seeks candidates for the 2026 election. The U4C is the global committee responsible for overseeing enforcement of the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]]. Elections are held annually, if elected a committee member serves for two years. This year the U4C requires candidates to hold administrator rights on at least one wiki, which is why you are being contacted as you appear to hold this right. There are other requirements, such as candidates must be at least 18 years old and may not be employed by the Wikimedia Foundation or other related chapters and affiliates. You can find more information in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026#Call_for_Candidates|call for candidates on Meta-wiki]]. Additionally, the committee's working language is English; some ability to communicate in English is required. The election opens on 18 May, if you are eligible and interested you have until 10 May to submit your candidacy. There will week between for candidates to answer questions from the community. Voting takes place privately in [[m:Special:MyLanguage/SecurePoll|SecurePoll]], successful candidates must receive at least 60% support. More information is available on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|the 2026 Elections page]], including timelines and other candidacy information. If you read over the material and consider yourself qualified, please consider submitting your name to run for the committee. If you think someone else in your community might be interested and qualified, please encourage them to run. In partnership with the U4C -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 18:33, 28 Eprel 2026 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Keegan_(WMF)/test&oldid=30471754 --> :Thanks and duly noted. @[[Ojiarụ:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] -- [[Ojiarụ:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 06:45, 29 Eprel 2026 (UTC) == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #246 is out: Request for input: what should we count for Abstract Wikipedia == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-05-02|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we ask you what would be the relevant metrics for Abstract Wikipedia, we discuss our latest news on Composition Language v2, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:21, 2 Mee 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=30325620 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - April 2026 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our fifty fourth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 2, 5, 6, 7, 13 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; News * [[diffblog:2026/04/15/from-lens-to-knowledge-citizen-science-through-wiki-loves-butterfly/|From Lens to Knowledge: Citizen Science through Wiki Loves Butterfly]] (SDG 15) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March 2026/Contents/Biodiversity Heritage Library report|Wikidata type specimen data model]] (SDG 15) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March 2026/Contents/Macedonia report|Edit-a-thon "Women Botanists" and “Plants Around Us: Veles” workshop]] (SDG 5 & 15) ; Events * Ongoing: [[w:en:Wikipedia:100 Days 100 Edits|100 Days 100 Edits]] (SDG 13) * Ongoing: [[m:Wiki for Sustainable Futures 2026|Wiki for Sustainable Futures 2026]] (SDG 2, 6 & 7) * May 9-10: [[w:sv:Wikipedia:Projekt naturgeografi/Fotosafari: Fåglar i Skåne 2026|Bird photography trip]] in south Sweden (SDG 15) * May 30: [[w:sv:Wikipedia:Skrivstuga/Biologisk mångfald|Editathon about biodiversity]] in Stockholm (SDG 15) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 12:47, 6 Mee 2026 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=30472224 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #247 is out: References from Wikidata now available == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-05-08|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we announce that is now possible to pass references in Wikidata statements, we introduce the [https://abstract-data.toolforge.org/ Abstract Data dashboard], we report you on the presentation about Abstract Wikipedia at WikiCon Australia, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1778520600 May 11, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:16, 8 Mee 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=30325620 --> a8jdq2qb365cf9s5pox1v8mxerg31dj 0 11708 632291 178399 2026-05-08T11:46:56Z Goodymaraj 21567 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:2|0|0 */ 632291 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Usòrò:Muybridge race horse animated.gif|thumb|Film]] Ihe '''nkiri''', nke a na-akpọkwa ihe '''nkiri''', '''ihe onyonyo''' ma ọ bụ ihe nkiri '''na-akpu akpụ''', bụ ọrụ nke nkà na-ahụ anya nke a na-eji eme ka ahụmahụ na-ekwurịta echiche, akụkọ, echiche, mmetụta, ịma mma, ma ọ bụ ikuku site na iji ihe oyiyi na-akpali akpali. Ihe onyonyo ndị a na-esonyekarị na ụda, yana adịkarịghị, mkpali mmetụta ndị ọzọ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://tribecafilm.com/future-of-film/future-of-the-movie-theater-is-in-your-mind|title=The Movie Theater of the Future Will Be In Your Mind|author=Severny|first=Andrei|date=2013-09-05|work=[[Tribeca Film Festival|Tribeca]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130907214603/http://tribecafilm.com/future-of-film/future-of-the-movie-theater-is-in-your-mind|archivedate=September 7, 2013|accessdate=September 5, 2013}}</ref> Okwu ahụ bụ "sinima ", nke dị mkpirikpi maka ihe nkiri, a na-ejikarị eme ihe maka ime ihe nkiri na ụlọ ọrụ ihe nkiri, na ụdị [[Ǹkà|nkà]] nke sitere na ya. == Odide na osise na nnyefe nke ihe nkiri == A na-emepụta ihe oyiyi na-akpali akpali nke ihe nkiri site na iji igwefoto ihe onyonyo na-ese foto n'ezie, site na ịse eserese ma ọ bụ obere ụdị site na iji usoro ihe nkiri ọdịnala, site na “CGI” na ihe nkiri kọmputa, ma ọ bụ site na ngwakọta nke ụfọdụ ma ọ bụ usoro ndị a niile. na mmetụta ndị ọzọ a na ahụ anya . Tupu iwebata mmepụta dijitalụ, a na-edekọ usoro onyonyo ka o dị n'obere celluloid nwere mmetụta kemịkal (ngwaahia ihe nkiri foto), na-abụkarị fremu 24 kwa nkeji. A na-ebufe ihe onyonyo a site na ihe nkiri ihe nkiri n'otu ọsọ ahụ edere ya, yana draịvu Geneva na-ahụ na etiti ọ bụla ka dị n'ime obere oge ntule ya. Ihe mkpuchi na-atụgharị na-akpata “stroboscopic” etiti oge nke ọchịchịrị, mana onye na-ekiri ahụ anaghị achọpụta nkwụsịtụ n'ihi “flicker fusion”.Ntugharị a na-ahụ anya na ihu igwe onyonyo bụ n'ihi eziokwu ahụ bụ na echiche a na-ahụ anya enweghị ike ịmata ihe oyiyi nke onye ọ bụla na nnukwu ọsọ ọsọ, ya mere mmetụta nke ihe oyiyi ahụ na-ejikọta na oge gbara ọchịchịrị ma si otú a jikọta ọnụ iji mepụta echiche efu nke otu ihe oyiyi na-akpali akpali. Ụda ngwa anya yiri ya (ihe onyonyo eserese nke okwu a na-ekwu, egwu na ụda ndị ọzọ) na-aga n'akụkụ akụkụ nke ihe nkiri a echekwabara naanị maka ya, ewepụtaghị ya. Ihe nkiri nke oge a na-abụkarị dijitalụ zuru oke site na usoro mmepụta, nkesa, na ngosi. == Mmalite okwu a == Aha "ihe nkiri" na mbụ na-atu aka na oyi akwa fotochemical emulsion <ref>{{Cite web|title=film {{!}} Etymology, origin and meaning of film by etymonline|url=https://www.etymonline.com/word/film|accessdate=2022-02-01|work=www.etymonline.com|language=en}}</ref> dị na celluloid strip nke na-abụbu ihe na- emebu maka ịdekọ na igosi ihe nkiri. Ọtụtụ okwu ndị ọzọ dị maka foto ngagharị nke onye ọ bụla, gụnyere ''foto'', ''ihe ngosi'' ''onyonyo'', eserese na- ''akpụ akpụ'', egwu egwu, na ''imegharị'' [https://web.archive.org/web/20231208201645/https://anichin.lat/ anichin donghua]. Okwu a na-ahụkarị na mba Amerika bụ ''ihe nkiri'', ebe a na-ahọrọ ''ihe nkiri'' na [[Obodo Békè|Europe]] . Okwu ochie gụnyere "foto animetedi" na "foto animated". Okwu ndịa na-ahụkarị maka ubi n'ozuzu gụnyere ''nnukwu ihu igwe onyonyo'', ''ihu igwe onyonyo ọlaọcha'', ''ihe nkiri'', na ''sinima'' ; A na-ejikarị nke ikpeazụ n'ime ihe ndị a eme ihe, dị ka okwu zuru oke, n'edemede ndị ọkà mmụta na edemede dị egwu. N'afọ ndị mbụ, a na-eji ''mpempe'' okwu ahụ eme ihe mgbe ụfọdụ kama ''ihu igwe onyonyo'' . == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == Nkà ihe nkiri adọtala n'ọdịnala dị iche iche nke mbụ n'akụkụ dị ka ịkọ akuko ọnụ, akwụkwọ, ihe nkiri na nkaa anya . Ụdị nka na ihe ntụrụndụ ndị egosipụtalarị ihe onyonyo na-akpali akpali na/ma ọ bụ atụpụtagoro gụnyere: * “shadowgraphy”, ikekwe ejiri ya kemgbe oge ochie * igwefoto “obscura”, ihe okike nke ejirila mee ihe dị ka ihe enyemaka nka kemgbe oge ochie. * nwa nkịta onyinyo, ikekwe sitere na 200 TOA na Central [[Asia]], India, Indonesia ma ọ bụ China * “Lantern” anwansi, nke emepụtara na 1650. The multi-media “phantasmagoria” na-egosi na tinye n'ọrụ anwansi lanterns na-ewu ewu site na 1790 ofụri akpa ọkara nke narị afọ nke 19 na nwere ike na-egosipụta n'ibu slides, n'azụ projection, mobile projectors, “superimposition”, “dissolving views”, ndụ eme ihe nkiri, anwụrụ ọkụ (mgbe ụfọdụ na-emepụta ihe oyiyi n'elu), ísì, ụda na ọbụna ọkụ eletrik. === Tupu “celluloid” === Ewebatara ụkpụrụ “stroboscopicanimation” na 1833 na diski “stroboscopic”(nke a maara nke ọma dị ka phénakisticope)ma mesịa tinye ya na “zoetrope”(ebe 1866), akwụkwọ mpịakọta (ebe 1868), na “praxinoscope” (ebe 1877), tupu ọ ghọọ isi ụkpụrụ maka cinematography. Emere nnwale ndị na-eme ihe ngosi ihe nkiri nke dabere na phénakisticope opekata mpe dị ka 1843 wee lelee ya n'ihu ọha na 1847. “Jules Duboscq”rere sistemu amụma “phénakisticope”na [[France]] site na ihe dịka 1853 ruo 1890s. Ewebatara foto na 1839, ma na mbụ 'emulsions' foto chọrọ ogologo mkpughe nke na ndekọ nke ihe ndị na-akpali akpali yiri ihe na-agaghị ekwe omume. Opekempe ka ọ dị ka 1844, e mepụtala usoro isiokwu eserese nke ewepụtara n'ọnọdụ dị iche iche iji tụọ usoro ngagharị ma ọ bụ idetu ụdị akụkụ nlele dị iche iche. Ọbịbịa nke foto stereoscopic, na nnwale ndị mbụ na 1840s na ihe ịga nke ọma azụmahịa kemgbe mmalite 1850s, welitere mmasị n'ịmecha usoro foto na mgbakwunye nke ụzọ isi jide agba na mmegharị. N'afọ 1849, Joseph Plateau bipụtara banyere echiche ahụ iji jikọta mmepụta ya nke phénakisticope na stereoscope, dị ka onye na-emepụta ihe nkiri stereoscope Charles Wheatstone tụrụ aro ya, na iji foto nke ihe ọkpụkpụ plasta na ọnọdụ dị iche iche ka a na-emegharị na ngwaọrụ jikọtara. N'afọ 1852, Jules Duboscq kwadoro ngwá ọrụ dị ka "Stéréoscope-fantascope, ou Bïoscope", mana ọ na-ere ya naanị obere oge, na-enweghị ihe ịga nke ọma. Otu diski Bïoscope nwere foto stereoscopic nke igwe dị na mkpokọta Plateau nke Mahadum Ghent, mana ọ nweghị ngwa ma ọ bụ diski ndị ọzọ ahụbeghị. Ka ọ na-erule ngwụsị 1850s ihe atụ mbụ nke foto ozugbo bịara wee nye olile anya na ịse foto ngagharị ga-ekwe omume n'oge na-adịghị anya, mana o were afọ ole na ole tupu e jikọta ya nke ọma na usoro iji dekọọ usoro onyonyo n'usoro n'oge. N'afọ 1878, “Eadweard Muybridge” nwee ike ịse foto nke ịnyịnya na-agba ọsọ na batrị igwefoto n'ahịrị n'akụkụ egwu ahụ wee bipụta nsonaazụ ya dị ka ''“The Horse in Motion''on cabinet cards” . Muybridge, yana Étienne-Jules Marey, Ottomar Anschütz na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ ga-emepụta ọtụtụ ihe ọmụmụ “chronophotography” ọzọ. Muybridge nwere ọtụtụ usoro chronophotographic ya ka etinyere na diski ugegbe wee were zoopraxiscope were tụọ ha na nkuzi ya site na 1880 ruo 1895. Anschütz mepụtara Electrotachyscope nke ya na 1887 iji wepụta onyonyo onyonyo 24 na-ese foto na diski ugegbe dị ka ihe onyonyo na-akpụ akpụ, na-adọkpụ ogologo oge ọ na-eche na ọ na-atọ ndị na-ege ntị ụtọ. ragg7bap3844dpf4vkh6ntaan30c36v 0 12002 632253 91611 2026-05-07T22:59:39Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 632253 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} {{MedalTableTop|sport=Women's [[Athletics (sport)|athletics]]|country_code=BHR|image=Kemi Adekoya (cropped).jpg|imagesize=250px|medals={{Medal|Competition|[[2016 IAAF World Indoor Championships|World Indoor Championships]]}} {{Medal|Gold|[[2016 IAAF World Indoor Championships|2016 Portland]]|[[2016 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Women's 400 metres|400 m]]}} {{MedalCompetition|[[Military World Games]]}} {{MedalGold|[[2015 Military World Games|2015 Mungyeong]]| [[Track and field at the 2015 Military World Games – Women's 400 metres hurdles|400 m hurdles]]}} {{MedalBronze|[[2015 Military World Games|2015 Mungyeong]]| [[Track and field at the 2015 Military World Games – Women's 4 × 400 metres relay|4×400 m]]}} {{Medal|Competition|[[Asian Games]]}} {{Medal|Gold|[[2014 Asian Games|2014 Incheon]]|[[Athletics at the 2014 Asian Games|400 m]]}} {{Medal|Gold|[[2014 Asian Games|2014 Incheon]]|[[Athletics at the 2014 Asian Games|400 m hurdles]]}}}} '''Oluwakemi Adekoya''' (amuru na ọnwa 16 Jenuarị na afọ 1993 na [[Lagos]] ) bụ onye Naijiria na-eme egwuregwu na- eme egwuregwu na-asọ mpi maka Bahrain. Ọ bụ ọkachamara na ihe mgbochi 400 mita ma nwee ihe kacha mma nke 54.59 nkeonwe - ndekọ Bahraini . Na Jenụwarị 2019, a kọrọ na Adekoya nwalere ihe dị mma maka stanozolol steroid n'ụzọ iwu na-akwadoghị na nnwale asọmpi na Nọvemba 2018 wee kwụsịtụrụ ya nwa oge. E wepụrụkwa nsonaazụ ya niile enwetara mgbe 24 Ọgọstụ 2018 gasịrị. == Akụkọ ndụ == Oluwakemi Adekoya guzobe onwe ya dị ka onye mgbanaka n'ọkwa mba na Naịjirịa n'afọ 2011 wee tinye nke ise n'asọmpi Naijiria. N'afọ 2012, ọ kwalitere ike ya ruo 57.16 sekọnd iji tinye nke abụọ na Confederation of African Athletics meeting na Warri . Na afọ ahụ, ọ gbara ọsọ na ule Olympic nke Naijiria, mana o nweghi ụkpụrụ ntozu zuru oke. <ref name="Curious">Omogbeja, Yomi (2014-05-16). [http://www.athletics-africa.com/s/opinion/editorial/curious-case-kemi-adekoya-bahraini-colours-8191 The curious case of Kemi Adekoya in Bahraini colours]. Athletics Africa. Retrieved on 2014-06-20.</ref> A họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ asọmpi World Junior Championship na 2012 mana ọ bụghị asọmpi. Na afọ 2013, Kemi setịpụrụ ihe kacha mma n'onwe ya nke 55.30 sekọnd, na-agba ọsọ ruo [[Muizat Ajoke Odumosu]], onye isi ihe mgbochi Naijiria, ma tinyekwa 400 mita kacha mma nke 52.57 sekọnd. <ref name="Tilas">[http://www.tilastopaja.org/db/atw.php?ID=81434&Season=2013&Odd=0 Kemi Adekoya]. Tilastopaja. Retrieved on 2014-06-20.</ref> Ihe mgbochi ya kacha họọrọ ya n'ime ndị egwuregwu iri atọ kachasị ọsọ n'ụwa n'afọ ahụ. <ref>[http://www.iaaf.org/records/toplists/hurdles/400-metres-hurdles/outdoor/women/senior/2013 400 Metres Hurdles - women - senior - outdoor - 2013]. IAAF. Retrieved on 2014-06-20.</ref> Ọsọ mbụ Adekoya nke afọ 2014 gosipụtara nnukwu mgbanwe maka ọrụ ya. Na-eme mpụta mbụ ya na sekit Njikọ Njikọ, ọ meriri ndị 400 niile&nbsp;m ihe mgbochi ubi na mmeri ịtụnanya. <ref>Rowbottom, Mike (2014-05-09). [http://www.iaaf.org/news/report/ivan-ukhov-high-jump-iaaf-diamond-league Ukhov back on top again in Doha – IAAF Diamond League]. IAAF. Retrieved on 2014-06-20.</ref> Oge ya nke 54.59 sekọnd bụ nke na-eduga n'ụwa, yana ndekọ mba Bahraini - ọ gbanwere obodo ya na steeti ọgaranya mmanụ na mbido afọ wee gosipụta ọkọlọtọ na-ekwu "I ♥ Bahrain" mgbe mmeri ya gasịrị. Ntugharị a amabeghị maka Solomon Ogba, onye isi otu Athletics Federation of Nigeria, bụ onye nọ na asọmpi ahụ na Doha wee degara International Association of Athletics Federations akwụkwọ mkpesa, na-ekwu na njem ya bụ nke enweghị usoro. <ref name="Curious"/> Agbanyeghị, ebe ọ bụ na Adekoya edebeghị aha ya na gọọmentị mba ahụ, mba ahụ enweghị ike igbochi mmegharị ahụ. <ref name="VN">Efe, Ben (2014-06-07). [http://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/06/kemi-adekoya-loss-nigerian-athletics/ Kemi Adekoya: A loss to Nigerian athletics]. ''Vanguard Nigeria''. Retrieved on 2014-06-20.</ref> Ndị ọrụ Naijiria na ndị mgbasa ozi kwuru na nke a dị ka ihe atụ nke mba Africa na-efunahụ ndị na-eme egwuregwu n'ụlọ ha na mba ndị na-abụghị ndị Africa bara ọgaranya (ndị Nigeria sprinters Samuel Francis na Femi Ogunode abụọ kwagara Qatar ). <ref name="Curious" /> <ref name="VN" /> N'ọsọ asọmpi Diamond nke abụọ ya, ọ nọ nso nke abụọ na Kaliese Spencer na Egwuregwu Bislett, <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140613214845/http://www.athleticsweekly.com/featured/oslo-bislett-games-3807/ Souleiman and Alamirew among winners as Judd runs PB in Oslo]. ''[[Athletics Weekly]]'' (2014-06-11). Retrieved on 2014-06-20.</ref> wee were ọnọdụ nke atọ na nzuko Golden Spike Ostrava . <ref name="Tilas"/> Na Satọde, 13 Ọgọst 2016 na ụbọchị 9 nke Rio 2016 Olympic Games na [[Brazil]], Kemi gbara ọsọ kacha mma nke 50.72 iji pụta nke abụọ n'azụ Phyllis Francis nke America bụ onye gbara 50.58 sekọnd ebe ahụ site na iru eru maka ọkara ikpeazụ 3. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160826181815/https://www.rio2016.com/en/athletics-womens-400m-round-1-heat-3] Na Jenụwarị 2019, a kọrọ na Adekoya nwalere ihe dị mma maka stanozolol steroid n'ụzọ iwu na-akwadoghị na nnwale asọmpi na Nọvemba 2018 wee kwụsịtụrụ ya nwa oge. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Francis|first=Anne|title=Doping bans served on two female athletes|url=https://runningmagazine.ca/the-scene/doping-bans-served-on-two-female-athletes/|accessdate=21 January 2019|publisher=Canadian Running|date=17 January 2019}}</ref> Nsonaazụ ya niile enwetara mgbe 24 Ọgọst 2018 gbapụrụ, gụnyere nrite ọla edo abụọ na ihe mgbochi 400 na 4x400 ngwakọta agwakọta na Egwuregwu Eshia 2018 . <ref>{{Cite news|title=Adekoya latest Bahrain runner to get doping ban|work=ESPN|date=20 July 2019|url=https://www.espn.com.au/olympics/trackandfield/story/_/id/27220824/adekoya-latest-bahrain-runner-get-doping-ban}}</ref> == Ihe kacha mma nkeonwe == * Ihe mgbochi mita 400 - 54.12 sekọnd (2015) NR * 400 mita - 50.72 sekọnd (2016) == Edensịbịa == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Kemi Adekoya at World Athletics {{Footer World Indoor Champions 400m Women}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] lvy0frdrtwwr983vlnf98ian3e5jmzp 0 14376 632305 452336 2026-05-08T11:51:10Z Goodymaraj 21567 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:2|0|0 */ 632305 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Richard Yende Abongy Balengola''', nke a maara nke ọma dị ka Richacha "Chacha" Balengola, bụ onye reggae, Hip Hop, RnB, soukous na onye na-agba egwu ụwa si [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]], nke dị na Reims, [[France]], kemgbe afọ 1987. == Akụkọ ndụ == A mụrụ ya n'ọnwa Disemba 22, n'afọ 1964 na Mbandaka (obodo dị na Osimiri Congo na Democratic Republic of Congo nke dị nso na njikọta nke Congo na Ruki Rivers), Balengola malitere ọrụ ya dị ka onye na-agba egwu na otu egwu ụwa a na-akpọ Ndoki Machine . Otu onye na-akpọ ngwa egwu Bass a na-akpọ Johon Pepito Tshimanga (Otu nwa okorobịa bi n'otu agbata obi dị ka [[Papa Wemba]]; ya mere ha maara ibe ha) so na ndị otu ahụ mgbe ọ laghachiri Congo (DRC) site na Paris, France ebe ọ nọrọ ịmụ ihe. Ụdị egwu Ndoki Machine na ụdị egwu Johon Pepito Tshimanga na-akpọ bass enweghị ihe jikọrọ ya na soukous. Ụdị egwu ha yiri egwu nke otu egwu si DRC Congo na-akpọ "Bobongo Stars".<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VhUXCW3H6fw Bobongo Stars]</ref> Shakara Mutela, onye ama ama na-akpọ ngwa egwu bass si DRC Congo, so na ndị isi Bobongo Stars. N'afọ 1980 Richacha sonyeere "Les Frères Fataki" na otu egwu a na-akpọ ''Touche pas'' dị ka onye na-agba egwu. Onye na-agụ egwu a ma ama site na otu a bụ Jose Fataki Ndoko onye mechara bụrụ akụkụ nke Viva La Musica na La Nouvelle Génération . N'afọ 1982, ọtụtụ n'ime ndị otu Viva La Musica hapụrụ Papa Wemba iji mepụta Victoria Eleison Ndị na-abụ abụ ndị hapụrụ ndị otu ahụ bụ: King Kester Emeneya, Pepe Bipoli, Joly Mubiala, Debaba El Shabab, onye na-agba egwu sokwa na ndị kwụsịrị na Viva La Musica iji mepụta Victoria Eleison Band. Johon Pepito Tshimanga onye mechara bụrụ onye na-egwu bass nke Papa Wemba mgbe e mepụtara Victoria Eleison, Papa Wemba jụrụ ya ma ọ nwere ike ịkpọta onye na-agba egwu Ndoki Machine ka ọ sonye n'òtù ya. Papa Wemba chọrọ ihe ọhụrụ na ụdị egwu Viva La Musica; onye a na-akụ egwu bụ Richacha. A maara ya dị ka onye ọkachamara na-agba egwu n'afọ 1980, mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na isii mgbe ọ sonyeere ''Touche pas'' . N'agbanyeghị eziokwu nke ịbụ onye Congo, Richacha enwebeghị ohere igwu egwu na Soukous na Rumba band na-adịgide adịgide ruo mgbe ọ sonyeere ''Touche Pas''. Oge ndekọ ikpeazụ ya na Viva La Musica bụ n'afọ 1996. Ya na ọtụtụ ndị isi egwu ụwa, ndị na-abụ reggae na ndị otu gụnyere The Hooligans, Pierpoljak, Tonton David, Princess Erika, Nèg 'Marrons, Ijahman Levi, Bisso Na Bisso, Secteur Ä, The Wailers1, [[Alpha Blondy]], Barrington Levy, R.M.I (Reggae Music International), Queen Ifrica, Tony Rebel, wdg. Onye ndụmọdụ Richacha bụ Mando (onye bụbu Rochereau Tabu Ley na Afrisa drummer) ma mesịa bụrụ onye Carlton Barrett (Bob Marley's drummer) mechara kpalie ya.<ref>[http://www.universrumbacongolaise.com/artistes/pascal-tabu-ley-rochereau/ Rochereau Tabu Ley]</ref><ref>[[Carlton Barrett]]</ref> Ọ bụ ya mere ụfọdụ egwu ndị Viva La Musica dekọrọ na ngwụsị afọ 1980 nakwa na mmalite afọ 1990 ji nwee ụda Reggae Root Snare. Richacha edeghị egwu na Afrisa ya na Rochereau Tabu Ley mana ọ rụrụ dị ka onye na-agba egwu n'oge ụfọdụ egwu egwu n'afọ 1979; ọ nọ na Drums ụbọchị Mbilia Bel na-apụta na Afrisa. Richacha so na ndị egwu Viva la Musica na-apụta na ihe nkiri ''La Vie est Belle'' nke onye isi ihe nkiri bụ Papa Wemba. Ọ na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-egbuke egbuke akpụkpọ ụkwụ, dịkwa ka onye na-egwu egwu n'oge mmegharị Papa Wemba. E wepụtara ihe nkiri a n'afọ 1987. N'ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ afọ iri anọ dị ka onye ọkachamara na-agba egwu, Richacha ka na-achọ dị ka onye na-eti egwu na arụmọrụ na Europe. Ihe okike, ọtụtụ ihe na ọsọ bụ atọ n'ime nkà ya kachasị mkpa na onyinye ya dị ka Drummer. Tinyere Junior MacLier (onye bụbu Jimmy Cliff bass player) ha mepụtara otu egwu nkwado a na-akpọ Reggae Music International (R.M.I); nke dịkwa na Paris. Ha akwadola ndị egwu Reggae dị iche iche. Dị ka onye nkuzi na onye na-eme ihe nkiri nwere ahụmahụ, Richacha na-enye ndị na-amalite ịgba egwu nke onwe ya ma na-egosi ụfọdụ usoro ịgba egwu nye ndị Drummers nwere ahụmahụ. E wezụga ịgba, Richacha na-akpọ egwu niile na bass. Ụda ọnyà ya pụrụ iche na-eme ka njirimara ya. == Discography == ; Dị ka onye na-agba egwu # Tu shung peng - Dub of light (2020)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Om1TMwEwba0 Tu Shung Peng - Dub Of Light]</ref> # Isiah Shaka - Roots Reggae Revelation (2019)<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.reggae-live.fr/blog/news/decouvrez-roots-reggae-revelation-le-nouveau-clip-d-isiah-shaka/100 |title=Isiah Shaka - Roots Reggae Revelation |accessdate=2022-06-08 |archivedate=2022-07-05 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220705031622/https://www.reggae-live.fr/blog/news/decouvrez-roots-reggae-revelation-le-nouveau-clip-d-isiah-shaka/100 }}</ref> # Isiah Shaka - Jah Vit (2019)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DFJrjpz4NJc Isiah Shaka - Jah Vit]</ref> # Kali Kamga - Njikere maka Ịhụnanya (2019)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jmwlb6Z7qV0 Kali Kamga - Ready for Love]</ref> # Natty Jean - On m'a dit (2018)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zVfnshaaSzM Natty Jean - On m'a dit]</ref> # Kasö - De Paris à Maurice (2017)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QtK_tWqGk1g Kasö - De Paris à Maurice]</ref> # Wach'da - Jeux de vérité Jeux de vérité (2017)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6D0P-_0jhKc Wach'da - Jeux de vérité Jeux de vérité]</ref> # Désiré François - Millionnaire (2017) # Sebah - Unir nos forces (2016) # Typical Féfé - Reggae (2016) # Tu Shung Peng - Akụkọ amamihe sitere na Vineyard Town (2015) # Lil Kante - Dewi (2014) # Scars - Plus aucun doute (2014)<ref>[http://www.reggae.fr/lire-article/3290_Scars--Plus-aucun-doute-.html Plus aucun doute]</ref> # Tiwony - Roots rebel (2014)<ref>[http://www.reggae.fr/artiste-biographie/203_Tiwony.html Roots rebel]</ref> # Kananga - Ọ dịghị ọzọ (2014) # Princess Erika - Sur la route du reggae (2014)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T6qV5w8YB9Y Sur la route du reggae]</ref> # Hosny na Good Morning Babylones - Ndị ọ bụla (2014)<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.hosnygoodmorningbabylones.com/ |title=Every people |accessdate=2022-06-08 |archivedate=2021-10-27 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211027105101/https://www.hosnygoodmorningbabylones.com/ }}</ref> # Brax - Levez Les Mains (2014 Single) # Kasö - Cool (2014 single)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hkJt9a8V_fw Cool]</ref> # Jean-Michel Rotin - (oge ndekọ 2013) # Ras Daniel & Tu Shung Peng - Ray of Light (2012)<ref>[http://www.discogs.com/Ras-Daniel-Ray-Tu-Shung-Peng-Ray-Of-Light/release/3511408 Ray of Light ]</ref> # Lusdy - (2012 ndekọ nnọkọ) # Tita Nzebi - Métiani (2011) # Jah Sidy Boy - Les Droits De La Femme (2011) # Elsa Martine Quartet - I Gen Wèy (2011) # Charles E. Brown - Ressource Humaine (2010) # Takana Zion - Rappel à l'Ordre (2009) # Blenda - Operationnel (2009) # Bisso Na Bisso - Africa (2009) # Kayans Reggae - Oge Mkpughe(2009)<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.reggaecontest.com/bands/kayans |title=Revelation Time |accessdate=2022-06-08 |archivedate=2013-12-12 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131212075918/http://www.reggaecontest.com/bands/kayans }}</ref> # Touré Kunda - Santhiaba(2008)<ref>[http://home.comcast.net/~toure-kunda/toure-kunda-101.htm Santhiaba]</ref> # Alpha Blondy - Jah Victory (2007)<ref>[http://www.allmusic.com/album/jah-victory-mw0000502550 Jah Victory]</ref> # Hosny na Good Morning Babylones - Rasta Rebel (2007)<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.hosnygoodmorningbabylones.com/pages/articles-web.html |title=Rasta Rebel |accessdate=2022-06-08 |archivedate=2016-11-06 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161106084409/http://www.hosnygoodmorningbabylones.com/pages/articles-web.html }}</ref> # Princess Erika - A l'épreuve du temps (2006) # I-Trinity-I - Ca R'Commence (2005) # Saël - Ma ọhụụ (2005) # Touré Kunda - Nité Humanisme # Tim Ray Brown - Omenala # Touré Kunda - Le Joola, Liaison Ziguinchor-Dakar (2003) # Karl Zero na Bob Marley's Wailers - Hi-Fi Calypso (2003)<ref>[http://www.discogs.com/Karl-Z%C3%A9ro-Wailers-HiFi-Calypso/release/1786333 Hi-Fi Calypso]</ref> # Hosny na Good Morning Babylones - Unité universelle (2002)<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.hosnygoodmorningbabylones.com/pages/mp3-album-radical-fighters.html |title=Unité universelle |accessdate=2022-06-08 |archivedate=2013-12-13 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213171952/http://www.hosnygoodmorningbabylones.com/pages/mp3-album-radical-fighters.html }}</ref> # Ndị nka dị iche iche - African Chill (2002) # Jacky & Ben J de Nèg' Marrons - Le Bilan (2000)<ref>[http://www.allmusic.com/album/jacky-amp-ben-j-mw0000517450 Le Bilan]</ref> # Bisso na Bisso - 15 mai 1999 (1999 [live CD])<ref>[http://www.allmusic.com/album/le-15-mai-1999-mw0001059670 15 mai 1999]</ref> # Bisso na Bisso - Racines (1999)<ref>[http://www.discogs.com/Bisso-Na-Bisso-Racines/release/1744667 Racines]</ref> # Djamatik - Roots Connections (1999)<ref>[http://www.allmusic.com/album/roots-connections-mw0000776050 Roots Connections]</ref> # Bob Marley's Wailers - Live in Jamaica (1999 [live CD])<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VuHy7HU94ls live in Jamaica]</ref> # Metal Sound - DJ au top (1998)<ref>[http://www.cduniverse.com/search/xx/music/pid/1533575/a/dj+au+top.htm DJ au top]</ref> # Secteur A - Secteur A à l'Olympia (1998 [live CD])<ref>[http://www.allmusic.com/artist/richacha-mn0001383308/credits Secteur A à l'Olympia]</ref> # Hosny - Radical fighters (1997)<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.hosnygoodmorningbabylones.com/pages/mp3-album-radical-fighters.html |title=Radical fighters |accessdate=2022-06-08 |archivedate=2013-12-13 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213171952/http://www.hosnygoodmorningbabylones.com/pages/mp3-album-radical-fighters.html }}</ref> # Pacha na Viva La Musica - Voyage ya poto (1996)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kWV4pLQDc5M Voyage ya poto]</ref> # Gloria Tukadio na Viva La Musica - Akụkọ ihe mere eme enweghị mgbanwe (1996)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4-YkgWkHm9M History no change]</ref> # Jose Fataki na La Nouvelle Génération (1996)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rk07u2AkJrA la Nouvelle Génération]</ref> # Papy Ipepi na Viva La Musica (1994) # Stino Mubi na Viva La Musica - Romeo et Juliette (1993)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TCOUPon4twY Romeo et Juliette]</ref> # Reddy Amisi na Viva La Musica - L'injustice (1993)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eS7iECGgtCw L’injustice]</ref> # Espérant Kisangani na Viva La Musica - Paris Match (1993)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T7yiTO0fOP0%20 Paris Match]</ref> # Malo Kélé Et Les Matouloulous - Le Rythmes De La Brousse (1993)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tFTHUzj5Mmg Malo Kélé Et Les Matouloulous – Le Rythmes De La Brousse]</ref> # Soukous Stars - Fifie (1991) # Lidjo Kwempa na Viva La Musica - Examen(1991)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5XjJpSI3w5Q Lidjo Kwempa and Viva La Musica - Examen]</ref> # Modogo GFF na Viva La Musica - Statue de la liberté (1991)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yox9wlUBSN8 Statue de la liberté]</ref> # Papa Wemba na Viva La Musica - Biloko ya moto (Addida Kiesse) (1990)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O6WgFQcXBjQ Biloko ya moto]</ref> # Comme à l’école na Bipoli, Spraya, Luciana na Lidjo Kwempa (1989) # Orchestre Rumba Ray (1986) # Lidjo Kwempa na Viva La Musica - Lipanda (1986)<ref>[http://www.universrumbacongolaise.com/artistes/lidjo-kwempa/ Lidjo Kwempa/]</ref> # Papa Wemba na Viva La Musica - Beau gosse ya Paris (1986)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UCjVilj2L2g%20 Beau gosse ya Paris]</ref> # Papa Wemba na Viva La Musica - Ma Bijoux (1985)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d_Vb-PhggH4%20 Ma Bijoux]</ref> # Papa Wemba na Viva La Musica - Rendre à César (1985)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qqm7BUT2KZk Rendre à César]</ref> # Maray-Maray na Rumba Ray - Musulman (1984)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QohH6GQ5ukY Musulman]</ref> # Papa Wemba na Viva La Musica - Eliana (1984)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IjhqRbc0jIM Eliana]</ref> # Maray-Maray na Viva La Musica - Nana Efiye (1984)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z2aI3JPFesA Nana Efiye]</ref> # Lidjo Kwempa na Viva La Musica - Libonza (1983) # Lidjo Kwempa na Viva La Musica - Ceci cela (1983)<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.yourepeat.com/watch/?v=YGoU-Vu39qU |title=Ceci cela |accessdate=2022-06-08 |archivedate=2014-10-28 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141028204745/http://www.yourepeat.com/watch/?v=YGoU-Vu39qU }}</ref> # Luciana Demingongo na Viva La Musica - Ozia (1983)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RX7ZjjF_sHc|title=- YouTube|work=[[YouTube]]}}</ref> # Reddy Amisi na Viva La Musica - Petite Gina (1983)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zN85kA4SX7I Petite Gina]</ref> # Lidjo Kwempa na Viva La Musica - Mujingile (1982)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=enjkX9ksUBQ Mujingile]</ref> # Les frères Fataki na Touche pas - Mondeke (1980)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TLKvPJJQ94I Mondeke]</ref> == Njem == * Na njem ya na Linval Thompson na France (2019)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pNlWbG28Kzs&t=965s Live with Linval Thompson]</ref> * Na njem ya na Anthony B na France (2019)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ArfoVfeYX4Y Live with Anthony B]</ref> * Na njem ya na Abdou Day na Europe (2019) * Na njem ya na Cedric "Congos" Myton na [[Belgium]] (2019) * Na njem ya na Queen Ifrica na Tony Rebel na Europe (2015) * Na njem ya na Barrington Levy na Europe (2011 ruo 2014) * Na njem ya na Pierpoljak na Vin Gordon na France (2013) * Na njem ya na Wailers na America, Europe na [[Ostraliya|Australia]] ihe dị ka afọ iri * Na njem ya na Alpha Blondy na America na Europe ruo afọ atọ (2003 ruo 2006) * Kwado ndị egwu Reggae dị iche iche na R.M.I (Reggae Music International) na Europe * Na njem ya na Ijahman Levi na Europe na 2002 na 2015 * Bisso na bisso (1998 ruo 1999) * Princess Erika * Na njem na Neg Marrons na France (1998)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q47-Dm2yJPo&feature=youtu.be Live with The Neg' Marrons]</ref> * Na njem ya na Hooliganz reggae band na Europe na Jamaica * Na njem ya na Papa Wemba na Africa, Europe na [[Japan]] (1982 ruo 1996)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GxL1D39IP6Q&t=162s Papa Wemba et Viva La Musica au Japon en 1989]</ref> * Rochereau Tabu Ley & Afriza (1979) == Ebensidee == {{Reflist|20em}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [[:fr:Richacha Balengola#Quelques_concerts_live|French version nke biography]] * https://web.archive.org/web/20131212203614/http://rfimusique.com/anglais/musique/articles/060/article_6372.asp * https://web.archive.org/web/20160303182206/http://www.rfimusique.com/musiquefr/articles/060/article_13073.asp * [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCOSrC5BLVcjM7euJmQc0jdw?fbclid=IwAR3RfudCnBrjrbq-2JiMc4YuAkr0lvdbTDmJcPmH_71w7PalGRqvu2x9eRs/ Ọwa Youtube nke Richacha] * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9ElOEIlRbMk/ Ajụjụ ọnụ] [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] f3jtssas7ye6hzvccg28bx2x26wuctx 632306 632305 2026-05-08T11:51:12Z KiranBOT 25138 removed AMP tracking from URLs ([[:m:User:KiranBOT/AMP|details]]) ([[User talk:Usernamekiran|report error]]) v2.2.9s 632306 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Richard Yende Abongy Balengola''', nke a maara nke ọma dị ka Richacha "Chacha" Balengola, bụ onye reggae, Hip Hop, RnB, soukous na onye na-agba egwu ụwa si [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]], nke dị na Reims, [[France]], kemgbe afọ 1987. == Akụkọ ndụ == A mụrụ ya n'ọnwa Disemba 22, n'afọ 1964 na Mbandaka (obodo dị na Osimiri Congo na Democratic Republic of Congo nke dị nso na njikọta nke Congo na Ruki Rivers), Balengola malitere ọrụ ya dị ka onye na-agba egwu na otu egwu ụwa a na-akpọ Ndoki Machine . Otu onye na-akpọ ngwa egwu Bass a na-akpọ Johon Pepito Tshimanga (Otu nwa okorobịa bi n'otu agbata obi dị ka [[Papa Wemba]]; ya mere ha maara ibe ha) so na ndị otu ahụ mgbe ọ laghachiri Congo (DRC) site na Paris, France ebe ọ nọrọ ịmụ ihe. Ụdị egwu Ndoki Machine na ụdị egwu Johon Pepito Tshimanga na-akpọ bass enweghị ihe jikọrọ ya na soukous. Ụdị egwu ha yiri egwu nke otu egwu si DRC Congo na-akpọ "Bobongo Stars".<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VhUXCW3H6fw Bobongo Stars]</ref> Shakara Mutela, onye ama ama na-akpọ ngwa egwu bass si DRC Congo, so na ndị isi Bobongo Stars. N'afọ 1980 Richacha sonyeere "Les Frères Fataki" na otu egwu a na-akpọ ''Touche pas'' dị ka onye na-agba egwu. Onye na-agụ egwu a ma ama site na otu a bụ Jose Fataki Ndoko onye mechara bụrụ akụkụ nke Viva La Musica na La Nouvelle Génération . N'afọ 1982, ọtụtụ n'ime ndị otu Viva La Musica hapụrụ Papa Wemba iji mepụta Victoria Eleison Ndị na-abụ abụ ndị hapụrụ ndị otu ahụ bụ: King Kester Emeneya, Pepe Bipoli, Joly Mubiala, Debaba El Shabab, onye na-agba egwu sokwa na ndị kwụsịrị na Viva La Musica iji mepụta Victoria Eleison Band. Johon Pepito Tshimanga onye mechara bụrụ onye na-egwu bass nke Papa Wemba mgbe e mepụtara Victoria Eleison, Papa Wemba jụrụ ya ma ọ nwere ike ịkpọta onye na-agba egwu Ndoki Machine ka ọ sonye n'òtù ya. Papa Wemba chọrọ ihe ọhụrụ na ụdị egwu Viva La Musica; onye a na-akụ egwu bụ Richacha. A maara ya dị ka onye ọkachamara na-agba egwu n'afọ 1980, mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na isii mgbe ọ sonyeere ''Touche pas'' . N'agbanyeghị eziokwu nke ịbụ onye Congo, Richacha enwebeghị ohere igwu egwu na Soukous na Rumba band na-adịgide adịgide ruo mgbe ọ sonyeere ''Touche Pas''. Oge ndekọ ikpeazụ ya na Viva La Musica bụ n'afọ 1996. Ya na ọtụtụ ndị isi egwu ụwa, ndị na-abụ reggae na ndị otu gụnyere The Hooligans, Pierpoljak, Tonton David, Princess Erika, Nèg 'Marrons, Ijahman Levi, Bisso Na Bisso, Secteur Ä, The Wailers1, [[Alpha Blondy]], Barrington Levy, R.M.I (Reggae Music International), Queen Ifrica, Tony Rebel, wdg. Onye ndụmọdụ Richacha bụ Mando (onye bụbu Rochereau Tabu Ley na Afrisa drummer) ma mesịa bụrụ onye Carlton Barrett (Bob Marley's drummer) mechara kpalie ya.<ref>[http://www.universrumbacongolaise.com/artistes/pascal-tabu-ley-rochereau/ Rochereau Tabu Ley]</ref><ref>[[Carlton Barrett]]</ref> Ọ bụ ya mere ụfọdụ egwu ndị Viva La Musica dekọrọ na ngwụsị afọ 1980 nakwa na mmalite afọ 1990 ji nwee ụda Reggae Root Snare. Richacha edeghị egwu na Afrisa ya na Rochereau Tabu Ley mana ọ rụrụ dị ka onye na-agba egwu n'oge ụfọdụ egwu egwu n'afọ 1979; ọ nọ na Drums ụbọchị Mbilia Bel na-apụta na Afrisa. Richacha so na ndị egwu Viva la Musica na-apụta na ihe nkiri ''La Vie est Belle'' nke onye isi ihe nkiri bụ Papa Wemba. Ọ na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-egbuke egbuke akpụkpọ ụkwụ, dịkwa ka onye na-egwu egwu n'oge mmegharị Papa Wemba. E wepụtara ihe nkiri a n'afọ 1987. N'ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ afọ iri anọ dị ka onye ọkachamara na-agba egwu, Richacha ka na-achọ dị ka onye na-eti egwu na arụmọrụ na Europe. Ihe okike, ọtụtụ ihe na ọsọ bụ atọ n'ime nkà ya kachasị mkpa na onyinye ya dị ka Drummer. Tinyere Junior MacLier (onye bụbu Jimmy Cliff bass player) ha mepụtara otu egwu nkwado a na-akpọ Reggae Music International (R.M.I); nke dịkwa na Paris. Ha akwadola ndị egwu Reggae dị iche iche. Dị ka onye nkuzi na onye na-eme ihe nkiri nwere ahụmahụ, Richacha na-enye ndị na-amalite ịgba egwu nke onwe ya ma na-egosi ụfọdụ usoro ịgba egwu nye ndị Drummers nwere ahụmahụ. E wezụga ịgba, Richacha na-akpọ egwu niile na bass. Ụda ọnyà ya pụrụ iche na-eme ka njirimara ya. == Discography == ; Dị ka onye na-agba egwu # Tu shung peng - Dub of light (2020)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Om1TMwEwba0 Tu Shung Peng - Dub Of Light]</ref> # Isiah Shaka - Roots Reggae Revelation (2019)<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.reggae-live.fr/blog/news/decouvrez-roots-reggae-revelation-le-nouveau-clip-d-isiah-shaka/100 |title=Isiah Shaka - Roots Reggae Revelation |accessdate=2022-06-08 |archivedate=2022-07-05 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220705031622/https://www.reggae-live.fr/blog/news/decouvrez-roots-reggae-revelation-le-nouveau-clip-d-isiah-shaka/100 }}</ref> # Isiah Shaka - Jah Vit (2019)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DFJrjpz4NJc Isiah Shaka - Jah Vit]</ref> # Kali Kamga - Njikere maka Ịhụnanya (2019)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jmwlb6Z7qV0 Kali Kamga - Ready for Love]</ref> # Natty Jean - On m'a dit (2018)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zVfnshaaSzM Natty Jean - On m'a dit]</ref> # Kasö - De Paris à Maurice (2017)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QtK_tWqGk1g Kasö - De Paris à Maurice]</ref> # Wach'da - Jeux de vérité Jeux de vérité (2017)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6D0P-_0jhKc Wach'da - Jeux de vérité Jeux de vérité]</ref> # Désiré François - Millionnaire (2017) # Sebah - Unir nos forces (2016) # Typical Féfé - Reggae (2016) # Tu Shung Peng - Akụkọ amamihe sitere na Vineyard Town (2015) # Lil Kante - Dewi (2014) # Scars - Plus aucun doute (2014)<ref>[http://www.reggae.fr/lire-article/3290_Scars--Plus-aucun-doute-.html Plus aucun doute]</ref> # Tiwony - Roots rebel (2014)<ref>[http://www.reggae.fr/artiste-biographie/203_Tiwony.html Roots rebel]</ref> # Kananga - Ọ dịghị ọzọ (2014) # Princess Erika - Sur la route du reggae (2014)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T6qV5w8YB9Y Sur la route du reggae]</ref> # Hosny na Good Morning Babylones - Ndị ọ bụla (2014)<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.hosnygoodmorningbabylones.com/ |title=Every people |accessdate=2022-06-08 |archivedate=2021-10-27 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211027105101/https://www.hosnygoodmorningbabylones.com/ }}</ref> # Brax - Levez Les Mains (2014 Single) # Kasö - Cool (2014 single)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hkJt9a8V_fw Cool]</ref> # Jean-Michel Rotin - (oge ndekọ 2013) # Ras Daniel & Tu Shung Peng - Ray of Light (2012)<ref>[http://www.discogs.com/Ras-Daniel-Ray-Tu-Shung-Peng-Ray-Of-Light/release/3511408 Ray of Light ]</ref> # Lusdy - (2012 ndekọ nnọkọ) # Tita Nzebi - Métiani (2011) # Jah Sidy Boy - Les Droits De La Femme (2011) # Elsa Martine Quartet - I Gen Wèy (2011) # Charles E. Brown - Ressource Humaine (2010) # Takana Zion - Rappel à l'Ordre (2009) # Blenda - Operationnel (2009) # Bisso Na Bisso - Africa (2009) # Kayans Reggae - Oge Mkpughe(2009)<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.reggaecontest.com/bands/kayans |title=Revelation Time |accessdate=2022-06-08 |archivedate=2013-12-12 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131212075918/http://www.reggaecontest.com/bands/kayans }}</ref> # Touré Kunda - Santhiaba(2008)<ref>[http://home.comcast.net/~toure-kunda/toure-kunda-101.htm Santhiaba]</ref> # Alpha Blondy - Jah Victory (2007)<ref>[http://www.allmusic.com/album/jah-victory-mw0000502550 Jah Victory]</ref> # Hosny na Good Morning Babylones - Rasta Rebel (2007)<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.hosnygoodmorningbabylones.com/pages/articles-web.html |title=Rasta Rebel |accessdate=2022-06-08 |archivedate=2016-11-06 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161106084409/http://www.hosnygoodmorningbabylones.com/pages/articles-web.html }}</ref> # Princess Erika - A l'épreuve du temps (2006) # I-Trinity-I - Ca R'Commence (2005) # Saël - Ma ọhụụ (2005) # Touré Kunda - Nité Humanisme # Tim Ray Brown - Omenala # Touré Kunda - Le Joola, Liaison Ziguinchor-Dakar (2003) # Karl Zero na Bob Marley's Wailers - Hi-Fi Calypso (2003)<ref>[http://www.discogs.com/Karl-Z%C3%A9ro-Wailers-HiFi-Calypso/release/1786333 Hi-Fi Calypso]</ref> # Hosny na Good Morning Babylones - Unité universelle (2002)<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.hosnygoodmorningbabylones.com/pages/mp3-album-radical-fighters.html |title=Unité universelle |accessdate=2022-06-08 |archivedate=2013-12-13 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213171952/http://www.hosnygoodmorningbabylones.com/pages/mp3-album-radical-fighters.html }}</ref> # Ndị nka dị iche iche - African Chill (2002) # Jacky & Ben J de Nèg' Marrons - Le Bilan (2000)<ref>[https://www.allmusic.com/album/jacky-ben-j-mw0000517450 Le Bilan]</ref> # Bisso na Bisso - 15 mai 1999 (1999 [live CD])<ref>[http://www.allmusic.com/album/le-15-mai-1999-mw0001059670 15 mai 1999]</ref> # Bisso na Bisso - Racines (1999)<ref>[http://www.discogs.com/Bisso-Na-Bisso-Racines/release/1744667 Racines]</ref> # Djamatik - Roots Connections (1999)<ref>[http://www.allmusic.com/album/roots-connections-mw0000776050 Roots Connections]</ref> # Bob Marley's Wailers - Live in Jamaica (1999 [live CD])<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VuHy7HU94ls live in Jamaica]</ref> # Metal Sound - DJ au top (1998)<ref>[http://www.cduniverse.com/search/xx/music/pid/1533575/a/dj+au+top.htm DJ au top]</ref> # Secteur A - Secteur A à l'Olympia (1998 [live CD])<ref>[http://www.allmusic.com/artist/richacha-mn0001383308/credits Secteur A à l'Olympia]</ref> # Hosny - Radical fighters (1997)<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.hosnygoodmorningbabylones.com/pages/mp3-album-radical-fighters.html |title=Radical fighters |accessdate=2022-06-08 |archivedate=2013-12-13 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213171952/http://www.hosnygoodmorningbabylones.com/pages/mp3-album-radical-fighters.html }}</ref> # Pacha na Viva La Musica - Voyage ya poto (1996)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kWV4pLQDc5M Voyage ya poto]</ref> # Gloria Tukadio na Viva La Musica - Akụkọ ihe mere eme enweghị mgbanwe (1996)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4-YkgWkHm9M History no change]</ref> # Jose Fataki na La Nouvelle Génération (1996)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rk07u2AkJrA la Nouvelle Génération]</ref> # Papy Ipepi na Viva La Musica (1994) # Stino Mubi na Viva La Musica - Romeo et Juliette (1993)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TCOUPon4twY Romeo et Juliette]</ref> # Reddy Amisi na Viva La Musica - L'injustice (1993)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eS7iECGgtCw L’injustice]</ref> # Espérant Kisangani na Viva La Musica - Paris Match (1993)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T7yiTO0fOP0%20 Paris Match]</ref> # Malo Kélé Et Les Matouloulous - Le Rythmes De La Brousse (1993)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tFTHUzj5Mmg Malo Kélé Et Les Matouloulous – Le Rythmes De La Brousse]</ref> # Soukous Stars - Fifie (1991) # Lidjo Kwempa na Viva La Musica - Examen(1991)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5XjJpSI3w5Q Lidjo Kwempa and Viva La Musica - Examen]</ref> # Modogo GFF na Viva La Musica - Statue de la liberté (1991)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yox9wlUBSN8 Statue de la liberté]</ref> # Papa Wemba na Viva La Musica - Biloko ya moto (Addida Kiesse) (1990)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O6WgFQcXBjQ Biloko ya moto]</ref> # Comme à l’école na Bipoli, Spraya, Luciana na Lidjo Kwempa (1989) # Orchestre Rumba Ray (1986) # Lidjo Kwempa na Viva La Musica - Lipanda (1986)<ref>[http://www.universrumbacongolaise.com/artistes/lidjo-kwempa/ Lidjo Kwempa/]</ref> # Papa Wemba na Viva La Musica - Beau gosse ya Paris (1986)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UCjVilj2L2g%20 Beau gosse ya Paris]</ref> # Papa Wemba na Viva La Musica - Ma Bijoux (1985)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d_Vb-PhggH4%20 Ma Bijoux]</ref> # Papa Wemba na Viva La Musica - Rendre à César (1985)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qqm7BUT2KZk Rendre à César]</ref> # Maray-Maray na Rumba Ray - Musulman (1984)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QohH6GQ5ukY Musulman]</ref> # Papa Wemba na Viva La Musica - Eliana (1984)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IjhqRbc0jIM Eliana]</ref> # Maray-Maray na Viva La Musica - Nana Efiye (1984)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z2aI3JPFesA Nana Efiye]</ref> # Lidjo Kwempa na Viva La Musica - Libonza (1983) # Lidjo Kwempa na Viva La Musica - Ceci cela (1983)<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.yourepeat.com/watch/?v=YGoU-Vu39qU |title=Ceci cela |accessdate=2022-06-08 |archivedate=2014-10-28 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141028204745/http://www.yourepeat.com/watch/?v=YGoU-Vu39qU }}</ref> # Luciana Demingongo na Viva La Musica - Ozia (1983)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RX7ZjjF_sHc|title=- YouTube|work=[[YouTube]]}}</ref> # Reddy Amisi na Viva La Musica - Petite Gina (1983)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zN85kA4SX7I Petite Gina]</ref> # Lidjo Kwempa na Viva La Musica - Mujingile (1982)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=enjkX9ksUBQ Mujingile]</ref> # Les frères Fataki na Touche pas - Mondeke (1980)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TLKvPJJQ94I Mondeke]</ref> == Njem == * Na njem ya na Linval Thompson na France (2019)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pNlWbG28Kzs&t=965s Live with Linval Thompson]</ref> * Na njem ya na Anthony B na France (2019)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ArfoVfeYX4Y Live with Anthony B]</ref> * Na njem ya na Abdou Day na Europe (2019) * Na njem ya na Cedric "Congos" Myton na [[Belgium]] (2019) * Na njem ya na Queen Ifrica na Tony Rebel na Europe (2015) * Na njem ya na Barrington Levy na Europe (2011 ruo 2014) * Na njem ya na Pierpoljak na Vin Gordon na France (2013) * Na njem ya na Wailers na America, Europe na [[Ostraliya|Australia]] ihe dị ka afọ iri * Na njem ya na Alpha Blondy na America na Europe ruo afọ atọ (2003 ruo 2006) * Kwado ndị egwu Reggae dị iche iche na R.M.I (Reggae Music International) na Europe * Na njem ya na Ijahman Levi na Europe na 2002 na 2015 * Bisso na bisso (1998 ruo 1999) * Princess Erika * Na njem na Neg Marrons na France (1998)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q47-Dm2yJPo&feature=youtu.be Live with The Neg' Marrons]</ref> * Na njem ya na Hooliganz reggae band na Europe na Jamaica * Na njem ya na Papa Wemba na Africa, Europe na [[Japan]] (1982 ruo 1996)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GxL1D39IP6Q&t=162s Papa Wemba et Viva La Musica au Japon en 1989]</ref> * Rochereau Tabu Ley & Afriza (1979) == Ebensidee == {{Reflist|20em}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [[:fr:Richacha Balengola#Quelques_concerts_live|French version nke biography]] * https://web.archive.org/web/20131212203614/http://rfimusique.com/anglais/musique/articles/060/article_6372.asp * https://web.archive.org/web/20160303182206/http://www.rfimusique.com/musiquefr/articles/060/article_13073.asp * [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCOSrC5BLVcjM7euJmQc0jdw?fbclid=IwAR3RfudCnBrjrbq-2JiMc4YuAkr0lvdbTDmJcPmH_71w7PalGRqvu2x9eRs/ Ọwa Youtube nke Richacha] * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9ElOEIlRbMk/ Ajụjụ ọnụ] [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] fgpvhujfilg3qkh2gn4wm1gofzp6pjc 0 14797 632224 190157 2026-05-07T13:34:50Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 632224 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Joey Muthengi''' bụ onye mgbasa ozi na onye na-eme ihe nkiri. Ntinye ya na ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi Kenya sitere na ịbụ onye redio na 98.4 Capital FM site n'afọ 2009-2013 ebe ọ kwadoro ma mepụta ihe ngosi ndị ntorobịa a ma ama 'Hits Not Homework'.<ref>http://www.capitalfm.co.ke/lifestyle/2010/01/25/exclusive-multifaceted-presenter-joey/. Capital Fm. Retrieved 1 May 2016.</ref> N'oge na-adịbeghị anya (June 2016 - Ugbu a), dịka akụkụ nke ihe ngosi Power Breakfast ọhụrụ na Citizen TV, Joey Muthengi ugbu a na-akwado ihe ngosi kwa ụbọchị na Fred Indimuli na Willis Raburu.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180725183759/https://www.sde.co.ke/article/2000205462/after-leaving-ebru-tv-joey-muthengi-lands-new-tv-job. Standard Digital Entertainment. Retrieved 8 July 2016.</ref> Mgbe ọ nọ na Citizen TV, ọ kwadokwara ihe ngosi ntụrụndụ ''10 karịa 10''.Joey mechara n'afọ 018, hapụ ọrụ ya na Royal Media.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Exclusive: Why Joey Muthengi has quit Citizen TV in a huff|url=https://nairobinews.nation.co.ke/news/exclusive-why-joey-muthengi-has-quit-citizen-tv-in-a-huff|accessdate=2020-11-09|work=Nairobi News|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=https://www.the-star.co.ke/authors/lyndsaynyawira|title=Joey Muthengi admits to difficult period after quitting TV job|url=https://www.the-star.co.ke/sasa/entertainment/2019-11-04-joey-muthengi-admits-to-difficult-period-after-quitting-tv-job/|accessdate=2020-11-09|work=The Star|language=en-KE}}</ref> == Mmalite ndụ == A mụrụ Joey na 2nd August n'afọ 1985 na Kijabe, Rift Valley wee kwaga United States mgbe ọ dị afọ abụọ.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Thomas|first=Zadock|date=2020-09-21|title=Joey Muthengi Biography, Age, Career, Education, Boyfriend, Net Worth|url=https://eafeed.com/joey-muthengi-biography-age-career-education-boyfriend-net-worth/|accessdate=2021-11-12|work=The East African Feed|language=en-GB}}</ref> Ọ laghachiri n'ụlọ ma gaa Rift Valley Academy, ma mesịa kwaga USA ebe ọ gara Hope College na-achụso isi abụọ na Communications na Business Management.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20160923062741/http://www.trendingpost.co.ke/2015/09/11-amazing-things-you-probably-didnt-know-about-joey-muthengi.html. Trending Post. Retrieved 6 May 2016.</ref> Joey nwere nwanne nwoke (David Muthengi) onye a ma ama, onye nyocha ego, onye egwu ma bụrụ onye na-elekọta Rauka TV Show na Citizen, onye a maara dịka Holy Dave.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Nderitu|first=Wangeci|date=2020-01-23|title=Joey Muthengi shares awkward experience working with brother in same company|url=https://www.tuko.co.ke/336369-ex-tv-girl-joey-muthengi-shares-awkward-experience-working-brother-holy-dave-company.html|accessdate=2020-11-09|work=Tuko.co.ke - Kenya news.|language=en}}</ref> == Ọrụ == N'agbata afọ 2011 na afọ 2014, Joey jere ozi dịka VJ nke mbụ nke Kenya (Video Jockey) maka ọwa egwu nke South-Africa Channel O ebe ọ nọchitere anya egwu, ntụrụndụ, na ọdịbendị Kenya na kọntinent ndị ọzọ.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20161008205119/http://channelo.dstv.com/2011/10/meet-your-new-channel-o-africa-vjs/. Channel O. Retrieved 11 May 2016.</ref> N'afọ 2013, ọ kwadoro Oge nke isii nke ihe ngosi egwu kachasị ukwuu na East Africa 'Tusker Project Fame', na Citizen TV ebe ọ na-etinye aka na franchise na 'Tusker All Stars' nke gosipụtara n'afọ 2011.<ref>http://www.capitalfm.co.ke/lifestyle/2013/09/02/joey-muthengi-replaces-sheila-mwanyigha-as-the-tpf-host/. Capital FM Lifestyle. Retrieved 6 May 2016.</ref> N'afọ 2015, ọ malitere ịme ihe ngosi Drivetime kwa ụbọchị na Hot 96 Fm. Ọ kwadoro 'Sugar and Spice' na Ebru TV.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-07-08|title=Joey Muthengi Biography, Age, Now, Net Worth, Career, Boyfriend, Mariga|url=https://kenyacradle.com/joey-muthengi/|accessdate=2021-11-12|work=KenyaCradle|language=en-US|archivedate=2021-11-12|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211112114105/https://kenyacradle.com/joey-muthengi/}}</ref> Joey Muthengi rụrụ ọrụ na Royal Media Services na Citizen Tv dịka onye nnabata iri karịa iri ebe ya na Willis Raburu kwadoro. Ọ hapụrụ Citizen TV mgbe ya na onye were ya n'ọrụ nwere nsogbu mgbe ụlọ ọrụ Betin, nke bụ ụlọ ọrụ ịkụ nzọ, jiri ya mee ihe dịka onye nnọchi anya ha. Ihe dịka otu afọ ka e mesịrị na ibe mgbasa ozi ya, o kwuru banyere oge siri ike ọ nwetara mgbe ọ hapụrụ Citizen Tv, mana ọ kwadoro na ọ nọ n'ọnọdụ ka mma ma nwee afọ ojuju.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Sherah|first=Tevin|title=I had tough days- Joey Muthengi speaks on quitting job|url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/entertainment/local-news/2001348065/i-had-tough-days-joey-muthengi-speaks-on-quitting-job|accessdate=2021-11-18|work=Standard Entertainment and Lifestyle|language=en}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe == Joey nwere mmasị maka egwu na uri okwu. Nwanne Joey bụ onye egwu ozioma Holy Dave<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20201015051634/http://www.kenyanpoetslounge.com/joey-muthengi/. Kenya Poets Lounge. Retrieved 11 May 2016.</ref> == Philanthropy == Joey bụ onye nchoputa na onye isi nke Muthengi Foundation, otu ọrụ ebere na-achọghị uru nke na-ezube ịzụlite ikike akụ na ụba site na agụmakwụkwọ.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20201017140735/https://kiss100.co.ke/tag/muthengi-foundation/. Kiss 100. Retrieved 11 May 2016.</ref> == Ihe nkiri == Dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri, ọ bụ akụkụ nke ọtụtụ usoro ihe nkiri TV nke obodo, gụnyere ihe nkiri Family 'Changing Times' nke gosipụtara na Kenya Television Network site n'afọ 2010–2012.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20201018072354/https://nairobinews.nation.co.ke/chillax/joeya-lady-who-takes-challenges-head-on. Nairobi News. Retrieved 11 May 2016.</ref> Ọ bụkwa onye ndu na usoro ihe nkiri 'Prem' nke mbụ gosipụtara na KTN n'afọ 2013-2014 ma mesịa na Africa Magic na DSTV .<ref>http://www.ghafla.co.ke/news/tv/8477-joey-muthengi-set-for-her-acting-debut-on-ktn-s-prem. Ghafla. Retrieved 11 May 2016.</ref> === telivishọn === {| class="wikitable sortable" !afọ !oru ngo !ọrụ !netwọk !ihe edeturu |- |2012–2013 |"Oge na-agbanwe agbanwe (usoro Tv)" | |KTN |usoro mgbe niile |- |2013–2014 |prem | |KTN |usoro mgbe niile |- |2016 |shuga na spice |onye ọbịa |ebru africa tv | |- |2016–ugbua |nri ụtụtụ ike |onye ọbịa |Citizen tv |with fred indimuli and willis raburu |- |2016–Nov 2018 |10 karịa 10 |onye ọbịa |Citizen tv |with Willis raburu |} == Edemsibịa == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] tf5ag4d17317x99d477hb11p43wq329 0 15356 632265 130440 2026-05-08T04:22:26Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 632265 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Yamikani Janet Banda'''; nke a maara dịka '''Lady Zamar''', bụ onye South Africa na-agụ egwu na onye na-ede egwu.<ref name=":02">{{Cite news|url=https://www.iol.co.za/entertainment/music/local/lady-zamar-the-rising-star-11134474|title=Lady Zamar, the rising star {{!}} IOL Entertainment|accessdate=15 September 2018}}</ref> A mụrụ ya n'abalị́ iri na iteghete nke afọ 1987 na South Africa ma zụlite ya na Thembisa .<ref>{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=|title=Yamikani Banda|url=https://www.sampra.org.za/sampra-performer-members/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210228212307/https://www.sampra.org.za/sampra-performer-members/|archivedate=2021-02-28|accessdate=|work=sampra}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://twitter.com/Lady_Zamar/status/1004117330807451653?s=20|title=Lady Zamar Twitter status update|work=Twitter|accessdate=12 May 2020}}</ref> Ọ na-etinyekarị ihe egwu ụlọ na abụ ya ma na-abụ abụ n'asụsụ Bekee nke na-amasị ọtụtụ ndị na-ege ntị .<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2018-09-10-twitter-zones-in-on-lady-zamars-idols-sa-outfit-again/|title=Twitter zones in on Lady Zamar's Idols SA outfit. Again!|author=THAKURDIN|first=KARISHMA|date=10 September 2018|work=TimesLive|accessdate=14 September 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.destinyconnect.com/2018/09/12/lady-zamars-music-heritage/|title=Lady Zamar's music heritage|author=LUVHENGO|first=PHATHU|date=12 September 2018|work=DESTINY Magazine|accessdate=14 September 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://ewn.co.za/2018/08/21/hauwei-joburg-day-lady-zamar-urges-fans-to-come-prepared-to-sing-along|title=Huawei Joburg Day: Lady Zamar urges fans to come prepared to sing along|author=Pitjeng|first=Refilwe|work=Eyewitness News|accessdate=14 September 2018}}</ref> N'afọ 2019, ọ bụ onye ọka ikpe ọbịa na Idols South Africa . == Ọrụ == === 2014-2016: Lady Zamar & Junior Taurus, ''Cotton Candy'' === Lady Zamar na Junior Taurus zutere na 2011 wee malite njikọ.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Lady Zamar: The Queen of house music {{!}} Truelove|url=https://www.news24.com/amp/truelove/exclusive/lady-zamar-the-queen-of-house-music-20180307|date=7 March 2018|first=Ayanda|author=Nkonyana|work=News24}}</ref> N'abalị iri na anọ n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2015, e wepụtara abọm mbụ ha bụ ''Cotton Candy''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://zalebs.com/top-of-the/lady-zamar/junior-taurus-lady-zamar|title=Junior Taurus & Lady Zamar|date=June 22, 2020|work=Zalebs|accessdate=June 16, 2022|archivedate=June 16, 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220616170111/https://zalebs.com/top-of-the/lady-zamar/junior-taurus-lady-zamar}}</ref> Albọm ahụ mepụtara egwu atọ gụnyere; "Mamelodi", "Run Away" na "Pitori". Na emume nke iri abụọ na abụọ nke South African Music Awards, a họpụtara ''Cotton Candy'' maka njikọ /otu nke afọ na Albọm egwu kacha mma.<ref>{{Cite web|title=All the nominees for the 2016 Samas {{!}} Channel|url=https://www.news24.com/Channel/all-the-nominees-for-the-2016-samas-20160421|work=News24|date=21 April 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Sweet dreams on Cotton Candy|url=https://www.iol.co.za/amp/entertainment/music/sweet-dreams-on-cotton-candy-2029191|first=Helen|author=Herimbi|date=June 1, 2016|work=Independent Online}}</ref> N'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe e wepụtara ya, ọ mara ọkwa na ọ na-achụso ọrụ n'onwe ya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Lady Zamar, the rising star|url=https://www.iol.co.za/amp/entertainment/lady-zamar-the-rising-star-11134474|first=Liam Karabo|author=Joyce|date=September 8, 2017|work=Independent Online}}</ref> === 2017-ruo ugbu a: Ọrụ onwe onye, king ''Zamar'', Monarch === E wepụtara albọm mbụ ya, King Zamar, na ọnwa Machị afọ 2017.<ref name=":02"/> N'ọnwa Febụwarị afọ 2018, albọm ahụ ruru ogo ọla edo, na June afọ 2019,o wetara platinum abụọ.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://yuledark.co.za/lady-zamar-certified-gold-debut-album-king-zamar/|title=Lady Zamar Certified Gold with Debut Album King Zamar! {{!}} Yule Dark|date=16 February 2018|work=Yule Dark|accessdate=15 September 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bona.co.za/lady-zamars-album-goes-gold/|title=Lady Zamar's album goes gold {{!}} Bona Magazine|work=www.bona.co.za|accessdate=15 September 2018|archivedate=15 September 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180915155735/https://www.bona.co.za/lady-zamars-album-goes-gold/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Lady Zamar celebrates - she reached double platinum with 'King Zamar'|url=https://briefly.co.za/32239-lady-zamar-celebrates---reached-double-platinum-king-zamar.html|date=June 23, 2019|work=Briefly|first=Desere|author=Davis|accessdate=June 16, 2022|archivedate=June 16, 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220616170111/https://briefly.co.za/32239-lady-zamar-celebrates---reached-double-platinum-king-zamar.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://fakazanews.com/2019/06/23/lady-zamar-celebrates-album-king-zamars-double-platinum/|work=Fakaza News|title=Lady Zamar celebrates album, King Zamar’s double platinum {{!}} Fakaza News|author=adejoy|date=June 23, 2019}}</ref> N'afọ 2017, Lady Zamar meriri Song of the Year Award na DStv Mzansi Viewers Choice Awards maka egwu ya bu "Charlotte", nke Prince Kaybee mepụtara.<ref name=":02"/> Na 24th South African Music Awards ọ meriri ihe nrite maka Best Dance Album.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.947.co.za/articles/2018/06/08/watch-lady-zamar-on-winning-best-dance-album-at-the-2018-samas|title=[WATCH] Lady Zamar on winning Best Dance Album at the 2018 SAMAs|date=8 June 2018|accessdate=15 September 2018}}</ref> N'abalị iri na otu n'ọnwa Machị afọ 2018, ọ bụ onye isi na Vivo Nation Festival.<ref>{{Cite web|title=LADY ZAMAR IS READY VIVONATION|url=https://www.dailysun.co.za/News/Entertainment/lady-zamar-is-ready-vivonation-20180221|date=21 February 2018|work=Daily Sun}}</ref> N'abalị itoolu n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2018, n'ụbọchị ụmụ nwanyị nke mba ahụ, ọ rụrụ ọrụ n'ihe omume emebeere gbasara ụmụ nwanyị tinyekwara na nsonye ndị omenkà ibe ya Mafikizolo na [[Sho Madjozi]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mafikizolo, Lady Zamar & Sho Madjozi Set To Headline Tribute To Women concert - SA Music Magazine|url=https://samusicmag.co.za/2018/07/mafikizolo-lady-zamar-sho-madjozi-set-to-headline-tribute-to-women-concert/amp/|work=South African Music Magazine|accessdate=2022-06-16|archivedate=2022-06-16|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220616170114/https://samusicmag.co.za/2018/07/mafikizolo-lady-zamar-sho-madjozi-set-to-headline-tribute-to-women-concert/amp/}}</ref> E wepụtara albọm nke abụọ ya bụ Monarch n'abalị́ iri abụọ nke ọnwa June afọ 2019.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://iminathi.net/lady-zamar-monarch-album-zip-download/|title=Lady Zamar Monarch Album|date=20 June 2019|accessdate=15 August 2019}}</ref> N'afọ 2019 n' emume nke anọ nke Mzansi Kwaito na House Music Awards , egwu ya bụ "This is Love" meriri Best house single.<ref>{{Cite web|title=MZANSI KWAITO AND HOUSE MUSIC AWARDS WINNERS!|url=https://www.dailysun.co.za/Celebs/full-list-of-mkhma-winners-2019-20191202|first=Sun|author=Reporter|date=December 2, 2019|work=Daily Sun}}</ref> == Discografị == === Abọm studio === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |+Ndepụta nke abọm studio, na ọkwa chaatị ahọpụtara na asambodo ! rowspan="2" scope="col" |Aha ya ! rowspan="2" scope="col" |Nkọwa nke abọm ! colspan="1" scope="col" |Ọnọdụ chaatị kachasị elu ! rowspan="2" scope="col" style="width:12em;" |asambodo |- ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;" |ZA<br /><br /><br /><br /> |- ! scope="row" |''Cotton Candy'' (ya na Junior Taurus) | * A tọhapụrụ ya: 14 Ọktoba 2015 * Label: Ca city Records * Ụdị: Nbudata dijitalụ |Ọdịdị | |- ! scope="row" |''Eze Zamar'' | * A tọhapụrụ ya: 31 Machị 2017 * Akara: Universal Music * Ụdị: CD, nbudata dijitalụ |Ọdịdị | * RiSA: Platinum |- ! scope="row" |''Eze'' | * A tọhapụrụ ya: 21 Julaị 2019 * Akara: Universal Music * Ụdị: CD, nbudata dijitalụ |Ọdịdị | |- | colspan="5" style="font-size:90%" |"X" na-egosi ihe ndekọ nke na-enweghị chaatị ma ọ bụ nke a na-ewepụtaghị na mpaghara ahụ. |} == Onyinye na nhọpụta == N'oge niile ọ na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye nwere nka n'egwu egwu, ọ natala ọtụtụ onyinye, gụnyere awọd SAMA atọ, otu Independent Music Award.<ref>{{Cite web|title=[WATCH] Lady Zamar on winning Best Dance Album at the 2018 SAMAs|url=http://www.702.co.za/articles/306991/watch-lady-zamar-on-winning-best-dance-album-at-the-2018-samas|date=8 June 2018|author=Neo Koza}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] m2ethqt93pnrqymlrm7djwcd205qlbs 0 16442 632230 143280 2026-05-07T17:08:40Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 632230 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {{MedalTableTop|Chepchumba, Joyce.jpg|150px}} {{MedalSport|Women's [[Athletics (sport)|Athletics]]}} {{MedalCountry|{{KEN}}}} {{MedalCompetition|[[Olympic Games]]}} {{MedalBronze|[[2000 Summer Olympics|2000 Sydney]]|Marathon}} {{MedalBottom}} '''Joyce Chepchumba''' (amụrụ na 6 Nọvemba 1970 na Kericho) bụ onye na-eme egwuregwu ogologo oge si [[Kenya]]. == Ihe ndị ọ rụzuru == * 1995 ** Tilburg Ten Miles onye mmeri ** Parelloop 10Kwinner<ref>Arrs.net: [https://web.archive.org/web/20180917174535/https://www.arrs.run/HP_Pll10.htm List of Parelloop winners]</ref> * 1997 ** Onye mmeri nke London Marathon * 1998 ** Onye mmeri Chicago Marathon * 1999 ** Onye mmeri nke London Marathon ** Onye mmeri Chicago Marathon ** Onye mmeri Berlin Half Marathon ** Onye mmeri Great North Run * 2000 ** Onye mmeri nke Tokyo International Women's Marathon ** Onye nwetara ọla nchara n'egwuregwu Olimpik n'oge ọkọchị n'afọ 2000 ** Onye mmeri Berlin Half Marathon * 2001 ** Onye mmeri Berlin Half Marathon * 2002 ** Onye mmeri nke New York City Marathon * 2004 ** Onye mmeri nke Lisbon Half Marathon ** Onye mmeri Berlin Half Marathon == Ihe odide == <references /> {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Joyce Chepchumba at World Athletics [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 6e17sx6btw29lv619x9f8o4ic88y2fe 0 16995 632260 93091 2026-05-08T04:03:48Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 632260 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{databox}} Ndị na-ahụ maka ụmụnwanyị, ndị na-edina nwoke ibe ha, ndị na ndị na-ahụ nwoke ibe ha n'anya, na ndị na'anya ịhapụ ụdị ka chi si kee ('''LGBT''') na '''Benin''' na-eche ihe ịma aka iwu na-enweghị ndị bi na ya. Ọ bụ ezie na mmekọahụ nwoke na nwanyị maka ụmụnwoke na ụmụnwanyị bụ iwu na [[Benin]], ndị na-edina ụdị onwe ha na-aga n'ihu na-eche mkpagbu zuru oke ihu ma na-adịghị ekwupụta banyere mmekọahụ ha. Ọtụtụ ndị n[https://web.archive.org/web/20210802131432/https://www.24haubenin.info/?Des-homosexuels-parlent-de-leur-vie-au-Benin a]-ele ha anya dị ka ndị na-emebi ọha mmadụ, a na-akpọkarịkwa ndina ụdị onwe ọrịa ndị ọcha wetara na mba ahụ. == Iwu gbasara mmekọahụ nwoke na nwoke na nwaanyị na nwanyị == Mmekọahụ nwoke na nwoke na nwanyị na nwanyị bụ ihe iwu kwadoro na Benin n'etiti ndị okenye kwenyere na ha karịrị afọ 21. Usoro ntaramahụhụ dị na Benin bụ n'ezie Usoro ntaramahụrụ nke French West Africa nke iwu ndị France na-achị na 6 Mee 1877.<ref name="French diplomat in Cotonou, Benin">French diplomat in Cotonou, Benin</ref> Mgbanwe nke afọ 1947 na Iwu nke afọ 1877 setịpụrụ afọ 13 maka mmekọahụ na nwatakịrị nwoke na nwanyị ọ bụla, mana ọ na-ata ntaramahụhụ omume ọ bụla na-adịghị mma ma ọ bụ na-emegide okike ma ọ bụrụ na emere ya na onye nwoke na nwanyị n'okpuru 21: "N'enweghị ajọ mbunobi na ntaramahụjụ siri ike nke paragraf ndị bu ụzọ ma ọ bụ site na Nkebi 332 na 333 nke Iwu a, a ga-ata ahụhụ site n'ụlọ mkpọrọ site na ọnwa isii ruo afọ atọ na 200 ruo 50,000 francs onye ọ bụla na onye na-eme otu omume na-adịghị njọ ma ọ bụ [omume] nke okike n'okpuru 21".<ref name="ilga.org">{{Cite web|url=http://old.ilga.org/Statehomophobia/ILGA_State_Sponsored_Homophobia_2012.pdf|title=Archived copy|accessdate=2012-10-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121017205059/http://old.ilga.org/Statehomophobia/ILGA_State_Sponsored_Homophobia_2012.pdf|archivedate=17 October 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jopdf/common/jo_pdf.jsp?numJO=0&dateJO=19471123&pageDebut=11567&pageFin=&pageCourante=11569|title=Fac-similé JO du 23/11/1947, page 11569 - Legifrance|work=Legifrance.gouv.fr|accessdate=25 August 2017}}</ref> Nkeji edemede 88 nke 1996 Criminal Code of Benin na-agụ "Onye ọ bụla na-eme omume rụrụ arụ ma ọ bụ omume megide okike na onye ọ bụla nke otu nwoke ma ọ bụ nwanyị ga-ata ahụhụ site na 1 ruo 3 afọ mkpọrọ na ịkwụ ụgwọ nke 100,000 ruo 500,000 francs". Otú ọ dị, ọ dịghị mgbe a tụụrụ akwụkwọ a vootu ka ọ bụrụ iwu.<ref name="French diplomat in Cotonou, Benin">French diplomat in Cotonou, Benin</ref> N'ịzaghachi 2008 UNHRC Universal Periodic Review, onye nnọchi anya Benin kwuru, "[n'ihe gbasara] okwu nke ndina ụdị onwe, a naghị eleghara ihe omume ahụ anya mana ọ bụ nke dịpụrụ adịpụ. Ezinụlọ agaghị ekwe ka a kpọga ụmụ ha n'ụlọ ikpe maka mmebi iwu dị otú ahụ, n'ihi ya, ọ dịghị ikpe mpụ e nyere, ọ bụ ezie na iwu nyere ya. "<ref name="ilga.org"/> Mana nzaghachi gọọmentị a ezighi ezi n'ihi na Nzukọ Mba nke Benin malitere imezigharị iwu ntaramahụhụ n'afọ 1996, 2001, 2008, na 2010 mana edebeghị iwu ntaramahụrụ nke oge a na-ekwu maka mmekọrịta nwoke na nwanyị. Ya mere, naanị iwu dị irè gbasara mmekọrịta nwoke na nwanyị bụ site na 1949, nke na-esetịpụ afọ nkwenye na-ahaghị nhata maka mmekọrịta nwoke na nwoke.<ref name="French diplomat in Cotonou, Benin">French diplomat in Cotonou, Benin</ref> N'ụbọchị nke anọ n'ọnwa Machị afọ 2013, onye nnọchi anya mba France kpọrọ Minista Ikpe Ziri Ezi nke Benin ka ọ bịa nzukọ iji kwurịta nzaghachi gọọmentị Benin na 2012 UNHRC Universal Periodic Review. Benin ajụla aro sitere na steeti na-akpọ Benin ka ọ melite ọnọdụ maka ndị LGBT. Mana na nzukọ nke 4 Machị, Minista ahụ gakwuuru osote onye nduzi ya nke mechara kwuo na "a ga-edozi ihe ụfọdụ". Otu n'ime iwu ndị a tụrụ aro n'oge na-adịbeghị anya gbasara mmekọahụ nwoke na nwanyị bụ iwu ntaramahụhụ sitere n'October 2008, nke a na-emetụbeghị vootu. N'adịghị ka mbido afọ 1996, mbido afọ 2008 nke Iwu Mpụ anaghị agụnye ntaramahụhụ maka mmekọahụ nwoke na nwanyị n'etiti ndị okenye kwenyere na nzuzo:<ref name="French diplomat in Cotonou, Benin">French diplomat in Cotonou, Benin</ref> : Otú"Nkebi nke Anọ: Ọrụ MORAL : : "Paragraf 1: Iwe ọha na eze maka mwakpo a wakporo omume ọma : : "Nkebi nke 542: Onye ọ bụla na-akparị omume ọma ọha ga-ata ahụhụ site n'ịga mkpọrọ ọnwa atọ ruo afọ abụọ na ịkwụ ụgwọ nke puku iri ise ruo narị puku iri ise. : "Nkwupụta 543: Mmebi iwu ọ bụla rụrụ arụ, nke e mere ma ọ bụ nke e nwara n'enweghị ime ihe ike ma ọ bụ nrụgide, ma ọ bụ ihe ijuanya n'ahụ onye na-erubeghị afọ iri na ise, ga-ata ya ahụhụ site n'ịgba mkpọrọ afọ atọ ruo ise na ịkwụ ụgwọ puku francs iri ise ruo narị puku francs abụọ na iri ise ma ọ bụ otu n'ime ntaramahụhụ ndị a. : "N'agbanyeghị ntaramahụhụ dị arọ e nyere na paragraf gara aga ma ọ bụ Nkeji edemede 545 nke Iwu a, a ga-ata ya ahụhụ site n'ịgba mkpọrọ ọnwa isii ruo afọ atọ na ịkwụ ụgwọ nke puku iri ise ruo narị abụọ na puku iri ise onye ọ bụla na-eme omume rụrụ arụ ma ọ bụ na-emegide okike na nwatakịrị nke otu nwoke. : "Otú ọ dị, mwakpo rụrụ arụ n'ebe onye na-erubeghị afọ iri na ise nọ ga-ata ahụhụ site n'ịgba mkpọrọ afọ ise ruo afọ iri na ịkwụ ụgwọ puku francs iri abụọ ruo otu nde francs ma ọ bụ otu n'ime ntaramahụhụ abụọ a naanị mgbe emere ma ọ bụ nwaa ya ma ọ bụ site na ime ihe ike, nrụgide ma ọ bụ ihe ijuanya, ma ọ bụ onye ziri ezi ma ọ bụ nke onye na-elekọta onye ahụ ma ọ bụ ya ma ọ na-achịkwa ya, ma ọ bụrụ site na ndị edemede abụọ ma ọ bụ ndị mmekọ ma ọ bụ ọbụna site na-eji ikike nke ọrụ ya mee ihe n'ụzọ na-ezighị ezi. " == Nkwado nke mmekọrịta nwoke na nwoke na nwanyị na nwanyị == Enweghị nkwenye nke ikike iwu maka di na nwunye nwoke na nwanyị. Gọọmentị amatala mmekọrịta nwoke na nwanyị nke ndị otu ndị nnọchi anya mba na Benin site n'inye visa ndị nnọchianya na nnwere onwe ndị nnọchiiche mba na ndị mmekọ nwoke na nwanyị na ndị nnọchi nke mba ọzọ na Benin.<ref>Former United States Ambassador to Benin, Dr. James Knight</ref> == Nchebe nke ịkpa ókè == Enweghị nchebe iwu megide ịkpa ókè dabere na mmasị mmekọahụ ma ọ bụ njirimara nwoke na nwanyị, ọ bụ ezie na Nkeji edemede 36 nke Iwu Benin na-ekwu "Onye Benin ọ bụla nwere ọrụ ịkwanyere ndị ikwu ya ùgwù na ịtụle n'enweghị ịkpa ókè ọ bụla; na ịnọgide na-enwe mmekọrịta na ndị ọzọ nke ga-enye ohere ichebe, nkwanye ùgwù, mkparịta ụka na nnagide na udo na ịdị n'otu mba".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www1.umn.edu/humanrts/research/benin-constitution.html|title=University of Minnesota Human Rights Library|work=1.umn.edu|accessdate=25 August 2017}}</ref> == Ọnọdụ ndụ == Na mbido afọ 2013 e nwere ihe dịka òtù LGBT Benin itoolu na-arụ ọrụ na Cotonou, Porto Novo, na Parakou. N'etiti òtù ndị ahụ bụ Benin Synergie Plus (BESYP); Union for Solidarity, Interraide and Development (USED); Les Amis de Sans Voix; [https://www.facebook.com/hirondelle.benin?ref=ts&fref=ts Swallow] (the bird) Club of Benin; na Tous Nés Libres et Egaux. U.S. Department of State's 2012 Human Rights Report chọpụtara na, "Enweghị akụkọ banyere ikpe mpụ metụtara ndina ụdị onwe. Enweghị akụkọ banyere ịkpa ókè ọha na eze ma ọ bụ ime ihe ike dabere na mmasị mmekọahụ mmadụ. "<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/documents/organization/186377.pdf|title=''2011 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Benin'', Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor, U.S. Department of State, p. 17|work=State.gov|accessdate=25 August 2017}}</ref> Agbanyeghị, akụkọ US State Department ezughi oke. Ndị bi na LGBT na Benin bụ ndị na-emeghe banyere mmasị mmekọahụ ha na-eche ịkpa ókè, iyi egwu, ime ihe ike, na ịpụnara mmadụ ihe ihu: * N'agbanyeghị na ọ nweghị ihe akaebe megide ya ma e wezụga enyi ya na-azaghachi n'ụzọ ziri ezi na ajụjụ onye uwe ojii banyere ndina ụdị onwe ya, otu onye mba ọzọ nọrọ ọnwa abụọ n'ụlọ mkpọrọ Benin na 2006 na-echere ikpe maka ebubo e chepụtara echepụta nke nwere ike ịbụ maka iwe megide omume ọma ọha na eze dabere na ndina ụdị onwe. O nwere obi ụtọ na e nyere ya mgbapụta nke 700.000 F ngwa ngwa, mana ọ nụbeghị ihe ọ bụla kemgbe ahụ, enwere ike imeghe ikpe ya kwa ụbọchị. * A wakporo nwanyị Benin transgender na Parakou n'ime afọ iri mbụ nke afọ 2000 na mma ma nwee nnukwu akara n'ogwe aka ya. * Hirondelle Club Bénin, otu LGBT nke e guzobere na Machị 2013 ma dabere na Cotonou, edepụtara ka ọ na-erule n'ọnwa Eprel afọ 2013 ụmụ okorobịa 15 na-enweghị ebe obibi bụ ndị a chụpụrụ n'ụlọ ha n'ihi omume mmekọahụ ha. N'abalị iri na asaa n'ọnwa Mee afọ 2013, ndị otu LGBT nke Cotonou haziri ihe omume ọha na eze iji kwado Ụbọchị Mba Nile megide Homophobia, Biphobia na Transphobia na Institut Français nke Cotonó nke dọtara ndị na-ege ntị dị iche iche nke mmadụ 200.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.if-benin.com/journee-mondiale-contre-lhomophobie|title=Journée mondiale contre l'homophobie – Institut Français du Bénin|work=If-benin.com|accessdate=25 August 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170826030155/http://www.if-benin.com/journee-mondiale-contre-lhomophobie|archivedate=26 August 2017}}</ref> Ikekwe maka oge mbụ arụmụka ihu na ihu mere ka ndị Benin kwupụta nkwado ha na ajụjụ na nchegbu banyere ndina ụdị onwe na Benin. Ọtụtụ ndị na-ekwupụta n'ihu ọha dị ka ndị na-edina nwoke ibe ha, na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ dị ka ndị homophobic. E mepụtara ibe Facebook, Tous Nés Libres et Egaux, iji kwalite nnagide nke ọdịiche dị iche iche nke mmadụ na iwepụ ụdị ịkpa ókè niile na Benin, ọkachasị homophobia. == Tebụl nchịkọta == {| class="wikitable" |Mmekọahụ nwoke na nwanyị iwu | (Ọ bụ iwu mgbe niile)[[File:Yes_check.svg|15x15px|Ee]] |- |Afọ nkwenye hà nhata | |- |Iwu mgbochi ịkpa ókè n'okwu ịkpọasị na ime ihe ike | |- |Iwu mgbochi ịkpa ókè n'ọrụ | |- |Iwu mgbochi ịkpa ókè n'inye ngwaahịa na ọrụ | |- |Alụmdi na nwunye nwoke na nwanyị | |- |Nkwado nke di na nwunye nwoke na nwanyị | |- |Nkuchi nwa site n'aka di na nwunye nwoke na nwanyị | |- |Nkuchi nke di na nwunye nwoke na nwanyị | |- |A hapụrụ ndị na-edina nwoke ma ọ bụ nwanyị na-edine nwanyị ka ha rụọ ọrụ n'ihu ọha na ndị agha | |- |Ikike ịgbanwe okike iwu | |- |Inweta IVF maka ụmụ nwanyị na-edina nwanyị | |- |Ịmụ nwa n'ọnọdụ azụmahịa maka di na nwunye nwoke na nwoke | |- |MSMs kwere ka ha nye ọbara | |} == Hụkwa ==   * Ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ na Benin * Ikike LGBT na Africa * Ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ n'Africa == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.freewebs.com/african-rapport/The%20Pink%20shadows%20of%20Beni1.doc Onyinyo Pink nke Benin] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 1bhjcp620bhvrzd9blo6o3rd82wpx8f 0 17137 632249 130408 2026-05-07T21:06:12Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 632249 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kaouther Ben Hania''' (amụrụ n'afọ 1977) bụ onye nduzi ihe nkiri nke Tunisia.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://clermont-filmfest.org/en/the-filmmaker-and-scriptwriter-kaouther-ben-hania-joins-the-international-jury/|title=The filmmaker and scriptwriter Kaouther Ben Hania joins the international jury|accessdate=February 8, 2018|work=Clermont Film Festival}}</ref> Beauty and the Dogs (2017), ihe nkiri ya a ma ama, bu nke ahọpụtara dị ka ntinye Tunisian maka Best Foreign Language Film na 91st Academy Awards.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://variety.com/2017/film/festivals/cannes-film-festival-2017-facetime-tunisian-director-kaouther-ben-hania-1202442271/|title=Cannes: Tunisian Director Kaouther Ben Hania on Her First Feature Film ‘Beauty and the Dogs’|date=May 25, 2018|work=Variety Magazine}}</ref><ref name="Tunisia">{{Cite web|url=http://www.webdo.tn/2018/09/16/oscars-2019-le-film-tunisien-la-belle-et-la-meute-de-kaouther-ben-hania-representera-la-tunisie-a-la-preselection/|title=Oscars 2019 – Le film «La belle et la meute» de Kaouther Ben Hania représentera la Tunisie à la présélection|author=Neila|first=Driss|work=Tunis Webdo|date=16 September 2018|accessdate=16 September 2018|archivedate=16 September 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180916203721/http://www.webdo.tn/2018/09/16/oscars-2019-le-film-tunisien-la-belle-et-la-meute-de-kaouther-ben-hania-representera-la-tunisie-a-la-preselection/}}</ref><ref name="Tunisia2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/oscars-tunisia-selects-beauty-dogs-foreign-language-category-1145416|title=Oscars: Tunisia Selects 'Beauty and the Dogs' for Foreign-Language Category|work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|first=Vladimir|author=Kozlov|date=19 September 2018|accessdate=19 September 2018}}</ref> A họpụtara ihe nkiri ya ''nke'' afọ 2020 The Man Who Sold His Skin maka Best International Feature Film na 93rd Academy Awards .<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ansamed.info/ansamed/en/news/sections/culture/2021/03/16/kaouther-ben-hania-historic-oscar-nomination-for-tunisia_09d9e9e7-8064-4399-b6d6-02413948441c.html|title=Kaouther Ben Hania, historic Oscar nomination for Tunisia - Culture|date=March 16, 2021|work=ANSAMed|accessdate=June 23, 2022|archivedate=May 6, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210506063024/https://www.ansamed.info/ansamed/en/news/sections/culture/2021/03/16/kaouther-ben-hania-historic-oscar-nomination-for-tunisia_09d9e9e7-8064-4399-b6d6-02413948441c.html}}</ref> == Akụkọ ndụ == A mụrụ Kaouther Ben Hania na Sidi Bouzid . Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Ecole des Arts et du Cinéma (EDAC) na Tunisia, mgbe ahụ ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ Na La Fémis na Sorbonne na Paris.<ref>[https://www.africanfilmny.org/2014/kaouther-ben-hania/ Kaouther Ben Hania], africanfilmny.org.</ref> == Ihe nkiri == * ''Mụ'' onwe m, nwanne m nwanyị na ihe ahụ, 2006 * ''Ndị Imam na-aga'' akwụkwọ, 2010<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.screendaily.com/imams-go-to-school/5021994.article|title=Imams Go To School|first=Mark|author=Adams|work=Screen}}</ref> * Yed Ellouh (Aka osisi), 2013<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.blackfilm.com/read/2014/05/2014-ny-african-film-festival-begins-today-runs-may-7-may-13/|title=2014 NY African Film Festival Begins Today, Runs (May 7 – May 13)|date=May 7, 2014}}</ref> * Challat nke Tunis, 2013<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/challat-tunis-cannes-review-704693|title='Challat of Tunis': Cannes Review|date=May 15, 2014|work=The Hollywood Reporter}}</ref> * Zaineb Takrahou Ethelj (Zaineb kpọrọ snow asị), 2016<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.screendaily.com/news/zaineb-hates-the-snow-triumphs-at-carthage-film-festival/5111103.article|title='Zaineb Hates The Snow' triumphs at Carthage Film Festival|first=Melanie|author=Goodfellow2016-11-07T11:03:00+00:00|work=Screen}}</ref> * La Belle et la Meute (Beauty and the Dogs), 2017 * ''Sheikh's'' Watermelons (ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi), 2018''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.screendaily.com/news/a-land-imagined-takes-top-award-at-el-gouna-film-festival/5133074.article|title='A Land Imagined' takes top award at El Gouna Film Festival|first=Liz|author=Shackleton2018-09-29T12:36:00+01:00|work=Screen}}</ref>'' * ''Nwoke'' rere akpụkpọ ahụ ya, 2020 == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb name|4141599}} {{Authority control}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] krmnirplfeg5n2bif9zk07awqcfhowq 0 17282 632302 198551 2026-05-08T11:50:21Z Goodymaraj 21567 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:3|0|0 */ 632302 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}}   [[Category:Articles with hCards]] J. Yolande Daniels (amụrụ n'afọ 1962) bụ onye Amerịka na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ, onye mmebe na onye nkụzi. Ọ bụ onye ntọala ntọala nke studioSUMO, ụlọ ọrụ ihe owuwu nke na-ekwu ka obodo-ọdịnala obodo site na imewe. na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọonye mmebeye na onye nkuzi. Ọ bụ onye isi ntọala nke studioSUMO, ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka ihe owuwu nke na-ekwu maka ọdịdị ọdịbendị na ọdịbendị site na imewe.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Studio SUMO|work=The Architect's Newspaper|url=https://www.archpaper.com/2010/03/studio-sumo/}}</ref> == Agụmakwụkwọ == Daniels natara B. Arch ya na City College nke New York na M. Arch ya site na Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation na Mahadum Columbia.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Yolande Daniels|work=Beyond the Built Environment|url=https://www.beyondthebuilt.com/yolande-daniels}}</ref> Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na agụmakwụkwọ ya, Daniels natara fellowship abụọ site na Whitney Museum of American Art São na 1996.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Reconstructions Portrait: J. Yolande Daniels on the Enduring Problem of Segregation|work=Pin-Up Magazine|url=https://pinupmagazine.org/articles/interview-j-yolande-daniels-black-reconstruction-collective}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Daniels bịara chọta olu ya dị ka nwanyị ojii, onye ọ na-ahụkarị na ọ bụ na-agbagha n'ụzọ a na-eme ihe owuwu.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Faculty Spotlight: J. Yolande Daniels|url=https://arch.usc.edu/news/faculty-spotlight-j-yolande-daniels|accessdate=2020-07-30|work=USC School of Architecture|language=en}}</ref> ndị dị mkpa nke ọrụ ya na nyocha onwe onye na-elekwasị anya na nkatọ banyere usoro nke ike, mmekọahụ na agbụrụ na otu usoro mmekọrịta ndị a si emepụta gburugburu ebe obibi e wuru n'ụdị ihe owuwu. Mgbe ọ nọ na Whitney Independent Study Program, Daniels mepụtara ọrụ ya nke na-azaghachi nsogbu gbasara okike, agbụrụ na ụdị mmeri ndị ọzọ na gburugburu ebe obibi site na nyocha na imewe. Daniels na Sunil Bald guzobere studioSUMO n'afọ 1997.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Emerging Voices winner profile: StudioSUMO|work=The Architectural League of New York|url=https://archleague.org/studiosumo/}}</ref> Na Bald dị ka studioSUMO, Daniels emeela ọrụ dịka Museum of Contemporary African Diasporan Art na Fort Greene, Brooklyn, New York na 2007 na Mizuta Museum na Mahadum Josai na Sakado, Japan na 2012.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mizuta Museum Of Art / Studio SUMO|work=ArchDaily|url=https://www.archdaily.com/209631/mizuta-museum-of-arts-studio-sumo}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Studio SUMO-15 Iconic Projects|work=Re-thinking the Future|url=https://www.re-thinkingthefuture.com/know-your-architects/a2049-studio-sumo-15-iconic-projects/}}</ref> Ka ọ na-erule 2021, studioSUMO eguzobewo ọfịs na New York na Los Angeles. Ọ kụziri na Mahadum [[Michigan]], [[Másáchusẹts|Massachusetts]] Institute of Technology na Mahadụ Columbia, ebe ọ nọrọ ruo afọ iri. Ugbu a, ọ bụ osote prọfesọ na Mahadum nke Southern California ebe ọ na-akụzi nhazi ụlọ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=New Transitions: studio SUMO's Yolande Daniels on Design Research, the Context for Form, and Expanding Boundaries|work=Madam Architect|url=https://www.madamearchitect.org/interviews/2020/8/4/yolande-daniels}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=J. Yolande Daniels|work=USC School of Architecture|url=https://arch.usc.edu/people/j-yolande-daniels}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=USC Architecture Appoints Four New Tenure Track Faculty|work=USC School of Architecture|url=https://arch.usc.edu/news/usc-architecture-appoints-four-new-tenure-track-faculty}}</ref> N'afọ 1996, Daniels chepụtara ihe na-ehi ụra maka ụmụ nwanyị nke mbụ arụnyere n'ụlọ ndị ọbịa nke New York City Gramercy Park Hotel, iji maa ụlọ aka, na oke nke ohere na ihe, iji chee okike na mmekọahụ ihu dị ka teknụzụ na-adịghị mma na iwu ụlọ na uwe. Ntinye ụdị straddle, FEMMEpissoire, nwere ọkpọkọ maka ịsa ahụ, uwe rọba abụọ, onye na-eme ka ọ na-ekwu maka ịzụ ahịa nke ịdị ọcha ụmụ nwanyị, na enyo a kwụnyere maka ngosipụta onwe onye nke ahụ na njirimara.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book|author=Bonnemaison|first=Sarah|title=Installations by Architects: Experiments in Building and Design|publisher=Princeton Architectural Press|year=2009|isbn=|location=|pages=}}</ref> Ebubo nke ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke na-ekwu ma omume nke ịchịkwa nsị bụ nnwere onwe onwe dị mkpa maka ụmụ nwoke. A na-ele ọrụ ahụ anya dị ka ihe na-ekwughachi ndị na-eme enyi nwoke na-eme onwe ha n'ụlọ mposi na ụlọ mposi ọha na eze n'afọ ndị 1990 site na mpụ akụkọ ihe mere eme megide omume nwoke idina nwoke.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=Yolande Daniels|url=https://www.saic.edu/academics/departments/aiado/events/yolande-daniels|accessdate=2020-07-30|work=School of the Art Institute of Chicago|language=en|archivedate=2021-07-09|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709183657/https://www.saic.edu/academics/departments/aiado/events/yolande-daniels}}</ref> Nhazi a bụ nke mbụ nke nwere ike "ikwe ka onye na-eji ya hụ ahụ ya na-ewepụ onwe ya na mamịrị".<ref name="PP">{{Cite book|author=Schweder|first=Alex|date=2016|title=Dirty Furniture|chapter=A Piss Poor Performance|chapterurl=http://www.alexschweder.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Dirty-Furniture.pdf|isbn=9780993351129|oclc=962802913|pages=104–107}}</ref> Site na Intimate Landscape nke Shotgun House na Dallas, [[Texas]], Daniels gara n'ihu na mkparịta ụka banyere ike site na anya nke akụkọ ịgba ohu. N'ịchọ usoro obibi n'ụlọ Shotgun House, ụdị asụsụ dị na US South iji nye ndị ohu si West-Afrịka ụlọ, ọ kwughachiri akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ala gbara ya gburugburu site na ihe ndị sitere na akụkọ ohu WPA.<ref name=":3"/><ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|author=Rappaport|first=Nina|date=Spring 2019|title=Yolande Daniels|url=|journal=Constructs|volume=|pages=5}}</ref> A na-edepụta ihe odide ahụ na mgbidi dị n'ime, na-eji ike nke ọkụ na onyinyo, ma nye ndị ọrụ ọchịchọ nke ala (ubi) iji mee ka ndị mmadụ nọrọ n'otu ma kewaa n'otu oge ahụ.<ref name=":4" /> Ụfọdụ ọrụ ndị mbụ Daniels rụrụ na studioSUMO wetara nsogbu agbụrụ n'ihu n'ụdị yiri nke ahụ. N'ime mgbalị ya, Daniel chere ihe owuwu ihu na ịdị arọ nke akụkọ ihe mere eme ojii na ihe ndị sitere na eserese mpaghara na obere ntinye na mbipụta na ederede. De Facto/de Jure: site na omenala / site na Iwu, dịka ọmụmaatụ, nyochara ma nyochaa eserese iwu nke mwepu na itinye n'oge narị afọ nke narị afọ nke iri abụọ Great Migration na Southern Crescent Railway Line.<ref name=":3"/> Maka ebe a na-anabata ndị ọbịa na Museum of Contemporary African Diasporan Arts (MoCADA) na Brooklyn, Daniels chepụtara map atọ na-achọpụta mbata nke ndị Afrịka.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4"/> ''Akwụkwọ'' edemede ya e bipụtara banyere ụlọ ọrụ, nke na-ekwu maka ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke okike, agbụrụ na klas, gụnyere Crime and Ornament (YYZ Press, 2002), White Papers, Black Marks (Athlone Press, 2000), Black bodies, black space: A-waiting spectacle (2000) na Grey Areas (Chalkham Hill Press, 1999).<ref name=":5">{{Cite web|title=Yolande Daniels and Sunil Bald Charles and Ray Eames Lecture {{!}} Taubman College of Architecture & Urban Planning|url=https://taubmancollege.umich.edu/events/2007/11/15/yolande-daniels-and-sunil-bald-charles-and-ray-eames-lecture|accessdate=2020-07-30|work=taubmancollege.umich.edu|language=en|archivedate=2020-09-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200920014328/https://www.taubmancollege.umich.edu/events/2007/11/15/yolande-daniels-and-sunil-bald-charles-and-ray-eames-lecture}}</ref> Tupu ọ banye na Mahadum nke Southern California dị ka onye enyemaka Prọfesọ na 2019, ọ kụziri ihe na MIT na Mahadim Yale dị ka Prọfesụ Nleta, na-elekwasị anya na ọmụmụ nke ọnụ ụzọ gafee ọdịiche ọdịbendị, ma kụzie ihe owuwu na Mahaduma Columbia, City College of New York, Mahadum Michigan. O jikwa Silcott Chair na Mahadum Howard ma bụrụkwa onye nduzi nke mmemme M.Arch na Parsons School of Constructed Environments.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=J. Yolande Daniels|url=https://arch.usc.edu/people/j-yolande-daniels|accessdate=2020-07-26|work=USC School of Architecture|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1"/> Daniels, dị ka onye otu Black Reconstruction Collective, nwere ọrụ ya ojii ''obodo'': The Los Angeles Edition, nyere iwu maka Reconstructions: Architecture and Blackness in America site na Museum of Modern Art. == Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara == O: the apparatus in Crime and Ornament (YYZ Press, 2002)<ref>{{Cite web|date=2012-03-03|title=Crime and Ornament: The Arts and Popular Culture in the Shadow of Adolf Loos, Edited by Melony Ward and Bernie Miller|url=https://www.yyzbooks.com/sample-product/crime-and-ornament-the-arts-and-popular-culture-in-the-shadow-of-adolf-loos-edited-by-melony-ward-and-bernie-miller/|accessdate=2020-08-07|work=YYZBOOKS|language=en-CA|archivedate=2020-09-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200923204829/https://www.yyzbooks.com/sample-product/crime-and-ornament-the-arts-and-popular-culture-in-the-shadow-of-adolf-loos-edited-by-melony-ward-and-bernie-miller/}}</ref> Essay in White Papers, Black Marks (Athlone Press, 2000)<ref name=":5"/> Essay in Grey Areas (Chalkham Hill Press, 1999)<ref name=":5"/> == Onyinye na nsọpụrụ == * Ihe nrite American Academy of Arts and Letters Architecture, 2015<ref>{{Cite web|title=2015 Architecture Award Winners – American Academy of Arts and Letters|url=https://artsandletters.org/pressrelease/2015-architecture-award-winners-2/|accessdate=2020-08-07|language=en-US}}</ref> * Emerging Voices Award, 2010<ref>{{Cite web|title=Past Emerging Voices|url=https://archleague.org/past-emerging-voices/|accessdate=2020-08-07|work=The Architectural League of New York|language=en-US}}</ref> * Ihe nrite Design Vanguard, 2006-2007<ref name=":5"/> * MacDowell Colony Fellowship, 2005-2006.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web|title=Women in Architecture|url=https://www.womenarchitecture.com/|accessdate=2020-08-07|work=Women in Architecture|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="AM2018">{{Cite web|title=Announcing the 2018 Studio Prize Jury|work=Architect Magazine|url=https://www.architectmagazine.com/awards/studio-prize/announcing-the-2018-studio-prize-jury_o}}</ref> * Rome Prize na Architecture, 2003-2004<ref>{{Cite web|title=AIArchitect, May 26, 2003 - American Academy in Rome Announces 2003-2004 Rome Prize Winners|url=https://info.aia.org/aiarchitect/thisweek03/tw0523/0523romeprize.htm|accessdate=2020-08-07|work=info.aia.org|archivedate=2021-07-09|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709182829/https://info.aia.org/aiarchitect/thisweek03/tw0523/0523romeprize.htm}}</ref><ref name="AM2018" /> * Helena Rubinstein Critical Studies Fellow na Whitney American Museum of Art, 1996-1998<ref name=":6" /> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] nhws60qd7zpcmt1nxn9nbe0zconkxp5 0 18063 632257 595690 2026-05-08T01:57:58Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 632257 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Daniel Boimah Kenney Knero Lapaé Edwards''' II (amụrụ na Mee 19, 1985), nke a maara nke ọma site na aha egwu ya Knero Lapé ma ọ bụ naanị '''kNERO''' (nke a na-akpọ knee ro la pay), bụ ónyé Liberian hip hop, Afrobeats na-edekọ egwu, onye na-agụ egwu, onye edemede egwu, onye mmepụta ndekọ, ihe nlereanya, na onye édémédé.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.frontpageafricaonline.com/old/lifestyle/entertainment/3452-kneros-rap-liberian-born-rapper-performer-on-cusps-of-mainstream-appeal.html|title=kNERO's Rap: Liberian-Born Rapper, Performer on Cusps of Mainstream Appeal :: FrontPageAfricaonline.com - All Things Africa 24/7|publisher=FrontPageAfricaonline.com|date=2012-06-21|accessdate=2014-04-17|archivedate=2014-04-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140418220518/http://www.frontpageafricaonline.com/old/lifestyle/entertainment/3452-kneros-rap-liberian-born-rapper-performer-on-cusps-of-mainstream-appeal.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://thatsenuff.com/2014/10/01/liberian-artist-knero-set-to-release-a-memoir-homeless-with-a-record-deal-the-moments-of-luxury/|title=kNERO "Liberian Artist kNERO Set To Release A Memoir (Homeless With A Record Deal: The Moments Of Luxury)|publisher=Thatsenuff|date=2014-10-01|accessdate=2014-04-17|archivedate=2014-10-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141002210038/http://thatsenuff.com/2014/10/01/liberian-artist-knero-set-to-release-a-memoir-homeless-with-a-record-deal-the-moments-of-luxury/}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye na ndị ezinụlọ == A mụrụ kNERO na Monrovia, [[Liberia]] ma zụlite ya na Brooklyn, New York. Nna ya bụ Gola na nne ya sitere n'ebo K'pelle. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ụmụ anọ nke Sara Léla na Rev. D. Boimah Lapaé Edwards, ónyé bụ ónyé Liberia kachasị nta na-elekọta ụlọ ọrụ America na Liberia, nke dugara ha America. Ọ bụzi ónyé isi oche nke otu na-enweghị uru a na-akpọ "The Bomi County Association". a zụlitere kNERO na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.theliberianjournal.com/index.php?st=news&sbst=details&rid=1221|title=National Bomi Association Concludes Convention in Minnesota|work=theliberianjournal.com|accessdate=2022-07-04|archivedate=2013-08-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130828214317/http://www.theliberianjournal.com/index.php?st=news&sbst=details&rid=1221}}</ref> Nwa nwanne nwanyị nke onye isi ala nke iri abụọ na anọ nke Liberia [[Ellen Johnson Sirleaf]], Uncle bụ onye ọka ikpe nke Ụlọikpe Magistrate, onye Kọmishọna District na onye nhazi mmepe ọbọdọ màkà Ministry of Internal Affairs, na nwa nwanne nna mbụ Richard B. Devine, onye bụbu Senator nke Liberia.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://g-momo-johnson.memory-of.com/About.aspx|title=G. Momo Johnson (1957 - 2010)|author=Lana M|work=memory-of.com|accessdate=2022-07-04|archivedate=2012-12-01|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121201033019/http://g-momo-johnson.memory-of.com/About.aspx}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tlcafrica.com/death_johnson_momo.htm|title=TLC Africa|work=tlcafrica.com}}</ref><ref>http://allafrica.com/stories/200603060844.html AllAfrica.com 6 MARCH 2006 http://allafrica.com/stories/200603060844.html</ref> Ha nwere ihu ọma ịgbanahụ Agha Obodo Liberia site na ihe nna ya rụzuru mana ha ka na-ata ahụhụ ọnwụ nke ezinụlọ na ndị enyi. == Ọrụ egwu na arụmọrụ == kNERO wepụtara "Not Drunk Enuff" nke gosipụtara ónyé na-agụ egwu Norwegian Adele Erichsen, ónyé bụbu onye na-asọ mpi na The Voice ̆ Norges beste抽. A tọhapụrụ egwu ahụ n'okpuru ndekọ CCAP. N'ihi njikọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ya, o mere emume nkwupụta nnwere onwe nke Liberia site n'ịrụ egwu egwu ya "A.F.R.I.C.A" na Embassy nke Liberia na Washington, D.C. Ọ rụrụ na mmemme Hip Hop nke ndị ọsụ ụzọ nkè emere na Newark Symphony Hall; ihe omume ahụ gosipụtara ihe ngosi ndị ọzọ site na MC Lyte, Kool na Gang, Dana Dane na Slick Rick.<ref>http://allafrica.com/stories/201107200947.html allafrica.com http://allafrica.com/stories/201107200947.html</ref><ref>http://grandgood.com/2006/11/29/pioneers-of-hip-hop-show-in-nj-122-8pm/ Hip Hop of Pioneers http://grandgood.com/2006/11/29/pioneers-of-hip-hop-show-in-nj-122-8pm/</ref> {{awards table}} |- | rowspan="2"|2014 | rowspan="2"|kNERO | Artist of the Year - USA | {{Nom}}<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.frontpageafricaonline.com/index.php/lifestyle/entertainment/1085-liberia-music-awards-announce-hosts-for-2014-awards | title=Front Page Africa Online. | date=March 21, 2014 | publisher=Liberian Music Awards | access-date=February 13, 2014 | accessdate=July 4, 2022 | archivedate=April 5, 2014 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140405152338/http://www.frontpageafricaonline.com/index.php/lifestyle/entertainment/1085-liberia-music-awards-announce-hosts-for-2014-awards }}</ref> |- | Hip Hop Artist of the Year | {{Nom}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://getwititmagazine.com/2014/03/26/liberia-music-awards-foundation-announces-nominees-2014-liberia-music-awards/ |title=Liberia Music Awards Foundation Announces the nominees for the 2014 Liberia Music Awards |date=March 26, 2014 |publisher=Get Wit It Magazine |access-date=March 26, 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140326222901/http://getwititmagazine.com/2014/03/26/liberia-music-awards-foundation-announces-nominees-2014-liberia-music-awards/ |archive-date=March 26, 2014 |accessdate=July 4, 2022 |archivedate=March 26, 2014 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140326222901/http://getwititmagazine.com/2014/03/26/liberia-music-awards-foundation-announces-nominees-2014-liberia-music-awards/ }}</ref> |- | rowspan="2"|2016 | rowspan="2"|kNERO |- | Hip Hop Artist of the Year | {{Nom}}<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.liberiamusicawards.com/#!2016-nominations/c631 | title=Liberia Music Awards Foundation Announces the nominees for the 2016 Liberia Music Awards | date=March 26, 2014 | publisher=Liberian Music Awards | access-date=March 28, 2016 | accessdate=July 4, 2022 | archivedate=March 4, 2014 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140304180023/http://www.liberiamusicawards.com/#!2016-nominations/c631 }}</ref> {{end}} == Edensibia == {{Reflist|30em}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 8ho6dpvef0ffg0crtlag61z6nak82e5 0 19501 632256 96683 2026-05-08T01:31:13Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 632256 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox building|name=Kings Tower|former_names=Kingsway Tower|image=|image_size=|caption=|location=Lagos|address=Alfred Rewane Way, [[Ikoyi|Ikoyi, Lagos]]|location_country=[[Nigeria]]|coordinates=|status=Topped-out|start_date=|completion_date={{start date and age|2019}}|est_completion=|opening=|building_type=Mixed Use|antenna_spire=|floor_count=15|floor_area={{convert|16372|m2|sqft|abbr=on}}|architect=Stefan Antoni Olmesdahl Truen Architects (SAOTA)|structural_engineer=Sutherland Engineers and Consultant’s Collaborative Partnership (CCP)|main_contractor=ITB Nigeria|developer=Messrs Sky View Towers Limited|owner=}} '''Kings Tower''' (nke bụbu '''Kingsway Tower''') bụ ụlọ elu nwere okpukpu iri na ise nke a na-eji eme ihe dị iche iche nke dị na njikọ na Alfred Rewane Road, Ikoyi, Lagos.<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Report: Nigeria|year=2017|isbn=9781910068946|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ctOGDwAAQBAJ&q=kingsway+tower+ikoyi&pg=PA174|publisher=Oxford Business Group}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.e-architect.com/africa/kingsway-tower-ikoyi-lagos|work=e-architect|title=Kingsway Tower in Ikoyi, Lagos|date=October 7, 2020|accessdate=July 28, 2021}}</ref> Ọ bụ ndị South African architects SAOTA mepụtara ya ma Sky View Towers Limited mepụtara ya.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ekP-DwAAQBAJ&q=kingsway+tower+ikoyi&pg=PA140|title=EXAMPLE for others|year=2020|author=Peter Howson|publisher=The Business Year: Nigeria 2020}}</ref> Ụlọ ahụ nwere okpukpu iri na abụọ nke oghere ọfịs na-agafe ihe karịrị 14,827 m2 (159,600 sq ft), okpukpu abụọ nke ogige mkpọsa na-ekpuchi ihe dịka 1,545 m2 (16,630 ft) (ngụkọta ebe nke 32,800 m2 (353,000 ft), ala na ebe a na-adọba ụgbọala (atọ n'elu ọkwa na otu n'okpuru ọkwa) maka ihe dị ka ụgbọala narị atọ na ịrị anọ na atọ. Ihe owuwu ndị ọzọ gụnyere ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ na kọfị. Emechara ya n'afọ 2019.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://m.guardian.ng/property/developer-to-deliver-kingsway-tower-in-2018/|title=Developer to deliver Kingsway Tower in 2018|author=Bertram Nwannekanma|date=August 7, 2017|work=the Guardian|accessdate=July 28, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.archdaily.com/948253/kingsway-tower-saota|title=Kingsway Tower / SAOTA|work=Archdaily|accessdate=July 28, 2021}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.kingstower-ng.com/ Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ gọọmentị] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20220910233052/https://www.itbng.com/itb-kingsway-tower-office-development-ikoyi-lagos Profaịlụ ITB] * [https://www.saota.com/project/kingsway-tower/ SOATA Profaịlụ] sierfj2n62tqtr91ofq0rnqbf6gjxol 0 22671 632310 115825 2026-05-08T11:52:02Z Goodymaraj 21567 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:2|0|0 */ 632310 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Gertrud Baer.jpg|thumb|Gertrud Baer]] '''Gertrud Baer''' (1890-1981) bụ onye [[Jémanị|Germany]] na-ahụ maka ikike ụmụ nwanyị na udo. Otu n'ime ndị guzobere Women's International League for Peace and Freedom, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke alaka Germany nke WILPF malite na 1921 na onye isi oche nke nzukọ mba ụwa site na 1929 ruo 1947. N'oge [[World War II|Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ]], ọ bụ ezie na e kewara ndị isi, Baer bụ onye isi nke nzukọ ahụ. Na ngwụcha agha ahụ, ọ ghọrọ onye ndụmọdụ WILPF mbụ na United Nations ma nọrọ na ọkwa ahụ ruo n'afọ 1972. == Oge ọ malitere == A mụrụ Gertrud Baer na 25 Nọvemba 1890 na Halberstadt, na mpaghara Saxony nke alaeze Prussia na di na nwunye ndị Juu, Sara (née Stern) na Gustav Baer. Nna ya, nke sitere na ezinụlọ e guzobere ogologo oge site na Halberstadt nke ndị dọkịta na ndị nkuzi. Ọ bụ onye na-ere ígwè. Nne ya bụ nwa nwanyị nke Chief Rabbi nke Hamburg, Anschel Stern [de], na nwunye ya Jeanette (née Adler). [1] Nna nna nna Baer bụ Nathan Marcus Adler onye jere ozi dị ka Chief Rabbi nke Alaeze Ukwu Britain na nna ya Mordechai Baer Adler, onye bụ Chief Rabbi nke Hanover. [2] Baer bụ nwanne ya nwoke kasị okenye na ezinụlọ ahụ, nke gara Hamburg mgbe ọ dị ihe dị ka afọ abụọ. A mụrụ ụmụnne Erna (1892 Xi-1967), Walter (amụrụ 1894), Harriet (1896 Xi-1956), na Jeanette (1903 Xi-1944) na Hamburg. E gburu Jeanette na Auschwitz n'oge Oké Mgbukpọ ahụ. [1] Ntinye aka nne ya na òtù ụmụ nwanyị German bourgeois metụtara ya ma soro ya gaa nzukọ. N'otu n'ime nzukọ ndị ahụ, ọ zutere Lida Gustava Heymann ma soro ya rụọ ọrụ n'ụlọ ụmụ nwanyị mbụ dị na Hamburg. [1] Baer gụsịrị akwụkwọ n'oge ọ bụ nwata ma bụrụkwa onye nkuzi na-agụ akwụkwọ na Hamburg, Leipzig, Munich na Neuchâtel, [[Switzerland]]. [2] == Ọrụ == Mgbe ọ gụsịrị ọzụzụ ya, Baer malitere ọrụ ya dị ka onye nkuzi na Hamburg. [1] N'oge Agha Ụwa Mbụ, Baer gara Munich wee sonye na Heymann, Anita Augspurg na Helene Stöcker na Pacifist Movement. [2] [3] N'afọ 1915, ọ gara International Congress of Women [3] nke e mere na The Hague, ebe a malitere echiche mbụ maka ụmụ nwanyị mepụtara Kọmitii Mba Nile nke Ụmụ nwanyị maka Udo Na-adịgide Adịgide Adịgide adịgide. Nzukọ ahụ so na 1919 site na nzuko nke umunwanyi Ebe etiti maka ogo mahadum ụwa International League for Peace and Freedom (WILPF), [1] nke Baer sonyeere ozugbo, jere ozi na ọkwá dị iche iche na alaka Germany nke WILPF site n'afọ ntọala ya. [1] N'etiti 1918 na 1919, Baer guzobere kansụl ụmụ [[:de:Die_Frau_im_Staat|nwanyị]] na Munich Ministry of Social Affairs, maka Bavarian Soviet Republic nke e mepụtara ọhụrụ. [2] Ọ sonyekwara na ọmụmụ oge okpomọkụ na Internationalism, nke WIL PF kwadoro na mmalite afọ 1920. [3] N'etiti 1919 na 1933, ọ rụrụ ọrụ maka akwụkwọ akụkọ [[:de:Die_Frau_im_Staat|''Die'']] Fried (The Fried (The Girl imers). N'afọ 1922, Baer, onye bụ onye isi odeakwụkwọ nke German WILPF ruo otu afọ, mere njem mbụ ya na United States. [1] [2] Ọ hapụrụ nzukọ ya na Onye isi ala Harding, mgbe ndị mba na-ejide ya n'ihi ịbụ onye otu Communist Party nke Germany ma na-atụ egwu na o nweghị ego zuru ezu iji kwado onwe ya mgbe ọ nọ na mba ahụ. [3] [4] A tọpụrụ ya mgbe Jane Addams, Baer, mgbe ọ na-ekwu okwu na nzukọ ọzọ, gbara ụmụ nwanyị Baler ume ka ha sonye na ndị agha France, ka ha kwado. Otu n'ime atụmatụ ndị dị otú ahụ bụ ịkụ osisi e mere na 1926 n'ebe ugwu France. Baer jere ozi dị ka osote onye isi oche nke German Peace Cartel ma gaa ọtụtụ ebe na Europe. [1] Mgbe ọ lotara na United States na 1924 iji gaa WILPF International Conference, Baer gbara ume ka e were Hitler dị ka nnukwu egwu. [1] [2] N'afọ 1929, ọ nọchiri Jane Addams dị ka Onye isi oche mba ụwa nke WILPF, [3] mana n'ihi oke ọrụ a ga-arụ, e kpebiri na ọrụ Addams buuru bụ ka ya na [[Emily Greene Balch]] na Clara Ragaz. [3] Mgbe ọ hapụrụ mba ahụ, Baer Germany na 1933, Bagaz, ọ pụrụ mba ahụ wee nweta ụmụ amaala na Czechoslovakia. [5] Na Na-mgbe ahụ, mgbe ahụ ka ọ ga-Nkwado, N'afọ 1939, e zigara Baer, onye nyocha maka WILPF nke Economic Council of the League of Nations, na United States. E nupụrụ Kansụl ahụ na Princeton, New Jersey ma were ya dị ka ihe dị mkpa ka Baer kwaga ebe ọzọ maka nchegbu nchekwa. Site n'ebe ahụ, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye isi nke WILPF, n'oge agha ahụ, na-akwado gburugburu nke a na-ezi na alaka mba ụwa kwa nkeji iri na ise. [1] Baer na Ragaz ka na-ekerịta oche ahụ, mana onye na-ahụ maka udo nke Britain [[Kathleen Innes]], nọchiri Ramondt-Hirschmann na 1937 dị ka onye otu atọ ahụ zigara Onye isi ala Roosevelt akwụkwọ ozi na-agba ya ume ikwe ka ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ banye na mba ahụ. [2] Na 1940, Baer ghọrọ nwa amaala America, ọ lotara Geneva kpamkpam na 1950 . [1] Ebe ọ nọrọ na-ahụ n'ihi na-ahụ, mgbe ọ nọrọ mgbe ọ na-ahụ anya, mgbe ụfọdụ ndị otu ahụ, mgbe ọ ga-eme nyocha nke United Nations, mgbe ọ malitere, mgbe ọ bụ na-eme nyocha, mgbe ọ chọrọ ka ndị mmadụ na-eme nwale nke United Nations gasịrị, ọ ga-ahụ maka nkwurịta okwu na-eme, mee nyocha, na-eme na-eme ihe kpọmkwem, Malite na 1955, o kwusiri ike mkpa ọ dị iji ike anyanwụ mee ihe, kama ịchụpuike nuklia, [1] na mkpọsa 1960 gbara ume ka agụmakwụkwọ ime obodo site na mgbasa ozi redio. [2] [3] N'afọ 1965, na ncheta afọ iri ise maka ịmepụta WILPF, Baer kwupụtara nkụda mmụọ ya na nzukọ ahụ ahapụla mgbọrọgwụ ụmụ nwanyị ya, na-echetara ndị otu na ruo mgbe e nwetara nha nhata zuru oke n'akụkụ niile nke ndụ, ụmụ nwanyị ga na-anọ n'ihe ize ndụ. [1] N'afọ nke ọzọ, dị ka onye na-ekiri UN NGO Forum nke e mere na Rome, Baer kwuru ọzọ banyere njikọ dị n'etiti ụmụ nwanyị na pacifism, mgbe ọ na-agba ume ka ndị ahụ kpebie onwe ya maka Viet Nam. [2] Na njedebe nke afọ 1960, Baer na-eme ka ndị otu (Gertrud Baer: Ndụ maka Ikike Ịha nhata nke Nwaanyị, maka Udo na Nnwere Onwe) ka a tọhapụrụ iji sọpụrụ ọrụ Baer. [1] == Ọnwụ na ihe nketa == Baer nwụrụ na 15 Disemba 1981 na Geneva. [1] A gbanwere aha nzukọ ọmụmụ ihe WILPF na-eme na afọ iji zụọ ndị otu ọhụrụ na 1981 dị ka Gertrude Baer Young Women's Summer Seminars, iji sọpụrụ ya. [2] == Hụkwa == * Ndepụta nke ndị na-eme udo == Ihe odide == === Ihe ndị e kwuru === === Akwụkwọ ===   hif20fovextdak6tmi2wt03mvm7b2tz 0 23725 632286 131075 2026-05-08T11:45:57Z Goodymaraj 21567 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:2|0|0 */ 632286 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Owen Wilkes|image=|alt=|caption=|birth_name=Owen Ronald Wilkes|birth_date=1940|birth_place=[[Christchurch]], [[New Zealand]]|death_date={{Death date|2005|05|12|df=y}}|death_place=[[Kawhia]], New Zealand|nationality=New Zealand|other_names=|known_for=|occupation=[[Peace movement|Peace campaigner]]}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Owen Ronald Wilkes''' (1940 -12 Mee 2005) bụ onye na-eme mkpọsa udo na onye guzobere Campaign Against Foreign Control of Aotearoa na Anti-Bases Campaign, onye e nyere ikpe a kwụsịtụrụ n'ụlọ mkpọrọ maka nledo na [[Norway]] (ikpe Wilkes / Gleditsch).<ref name="converge2010">{{Cite web|url=http://www.converge.org.nz/abc/pr40-199.htm|title=Owen Wilkes' SIS file: Spies Play Hard To Get|work=converge.org.nz|date=July 2010|accessdate=26 February 2012|archivedate=21 May 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170521012844/http://www.converge.org.nz/abc/pr40-199.htm}}</ref><ref name="nzherald_obit">{{Cite web|url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10125391|title=Obituary: Owen Wilkes|work=nzherald.co.nz|year=2012|quote=Wilkes was born in Christchurch, the son of a grocer. He moved to a farm near Karamea in 1983 and took up bee-keeping, but achieved prominence again the next year when it was discovered that Customs had opened packages sent to Wilkes from overseas and forwarded the contents to the Security Intelligence Service.|accessdate=26 February 2012}}</ref> == Ndụ mmalite == Nwa nke onye na-ere nri, Wilkes tolitere na Christchurch, na-aga Christchurch West High School na Mahadum Canterbury. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dịka onye enyemaka maka Bishop Museum of [[Hawaii]], na njem [[Antarctica]] na Kermadec Islands.<ref name="converge2010"/> Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na nchọpụta ihe ochie nke onye ọkà mmụta sayensị Roger Duff duziri.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nzetc.org/tm/scholarly/tei-JonTohu-t1-body1-d5-d8-d1.html|title=Ngā Tohuwhenua Mai Te Rangi: A New Zealand Archeology in Aerial Photographs|first=Kevin L.|author=Jones}}</ref> == Ndụ ka e mesịrị == N'afọ 1990, naanị nwa ya bụ Koa gburu onwe ya mgbe ọ bi na Christchurch, na-eme ka ọ laa ezumike nká na Kawhia.<ref name="listener">{{Cite web|url=http://www.listener.co.nz/uncategorized/owen-wilkes/|title=Owen Wilkes – New Zealand Listener|accessdate=26 February 2012|archivedate=12 September 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150912061510/http://www.listener.co.nz/uncategorized/owen-wilkes/}}</ref> Mgbe ọ lara ezumike nká n'òtù udo, ọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike na New Zealand Archaeological Association.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.starcanterbury.co.nz/news/where-are-they-now-owen-wilkes/938553/|title=Where are they now?... Owen Wilkes &#124; Canterbury News &#124; Local News in Canterbury|work=starcanterbury.co.nz|year=2012|quote=But now he is doing archaeological work in a more amateur capacity, compiling an inventory of Maori pa sites in the Waikato, and is file keeper for the New Zealand Archaeological Association. He also does archaeological research for farmers and is a commentator on history tours around Kawhia harbour.|accessdate=26 February 2012}}</ref> Ebe ọ bụ na ọ dara mbà n'obi n'oge ndụ ya niile, ọ nwụrụ site na igbu onwe ya n'ụgbọala ya na 12 Mee 2005.<ref name="converge2005">{{Cite web|url=http://www.converge.org.nz/abc/pr31-119.html|title=Owen Wilkes Obituary|work=converge.org.nz|year=2005|accessdate=26 February 2012|archivedate=8 July 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120708152229/http://www.converge.org.nz/abc/pr31-119.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=A principled man of peace|date=21 May 2005|work=The Press|page=14|first=Mike|author=Houlihan}}</ref> A na-echeta ya site na oche ogige ntụrụndụ na Beckenham na-eche Osimiri Heathcote ihu, nso ebe ọ tolitere.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.converge.org.nz/abc/pr35-155.html|title=Owen Wilkes Memorial Finally Opened|work=converge.org.nz|year=2008|accessdate=27 February 2012|archivedate=22 February 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130222144201/http://www.converge.org.nz/abc/pr35-155.html}}</ref> == Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara == * ''Loran-C na Omega. Nnyocha nke mkpa agha nke Radio Navigation Aids.'' (1987) N.P.Gleditsch so dee ya * The first New Zealand whole earth catalogue (1972) Edited by Owen Wilkes et al. * ''[http://nlnzcat.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=344836 Ndepụta nyocha nke ọrụ nyocha na ntinye ndị agha US na New Zealand]'' (1971) Owen Wilkes. == Edemsibịa == 7ydjb1rlb4vw9ex58y007rw6dx38ew8 0 26658 632290 594795 2026-05-08T11:46:44Z Goodymaraj 21567 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:3|0|0 */ 632290 wikitext text/x-wiki   [[Category:Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images]] Oké ọkọchị bụ oge nkụja karịa ọnọdụ nkịtị. Oké ọkọchị nwere ike ịdịru ụbọchị, ọnwa ma ọ bụ afọ. Oké ọkọchị na-enwekarị mmetụta dị ukwuu na gburugburu ebe obibi na ọrụ ugbo nke mpaghara ọ metụtara, na-ebutekwa mmebi akụ na ụba obodo. Oge ọkọchị kwa afọ na oke okpomọkụ na-abawanye ohere nke oke ọkọchị na-etolite na ọkụ na-esote. Oge okpomọkụ nwere ike ime ka ọnọdụ ụkọ mmiri ka njọ site n'ime ngwa ngwa na-ekpochapụ ikuku mmiri. Oké ọkọchị bụ ihe na-eme ugboro ugboro nke ihu igwe n'ọtụtụ akụkụ nke ụwa, na-aghọwanye njọ na nke a na-atụghị anya ya n'ihi mgbanwe ihu igwe, nke nchọpụta dendrochronological malitere na 1900. E nwere ụdị atọ nke mmetụta ụkọ mmiri ozuzo, gburugburu ebe obibi, akụ na ụba na mmekọrịta ọha na eze. Mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi gụnyere ihicha ala mmiri, ọkụ na-ebuwanye ibu, mfu nke ụdị ndụ dị iche iche. Nsonaazụ akụ na ụba gụnyere nkwụsị nke mmiri maka akụ na ụba obodo; obere ọrụ ugbo, ọhịa, egwuregwu na ịkụ azụ; ọnụ ahịa mmepụta nri dị elu; na nsogbu na mmiri mmiri maka mpaghara ike. Ọnụ ego ọha na eze na ahụike gụnyere mmetụta ọjọọ na ahụike nke ndị mmadụ na-ekpughe ozugbo na ihe a (oke ọkụ ọkụ), ọnụ ahịa nri dị elu, nchekasị nke owuwe ihe ubi na-ada ada, ụkọ mmiri, wdg. Oké ọkọchị na-adịte aka emewo ka ndị mmadụ na-akwaga mba ọzọ na nsogbu ndị mmadụ. Ọtụtụ ụdị osisi, dị ka ndị nọ n'ezinụlọ Cactaceae (ma ọ bụ cacti), nwere mgbanwe nkwụsị nke ụkọ mmiri ozuzo dị ka ebe mpempe akwụkwọ na-ebelata na waxy cuticles iji welie ikike ha ịnagide ụkọ mmiri ozuzo. Ụfọdụ ndị ọzọ na-adị ndụ oge ọkọchị dị ka mkpụrụ e liri. Oké ọkọchị na-adịgide adịgide na-emepụta biomes kpọrọ nkụ dị ka ọzara na ala ahịhịa. Ọtụtụ gburugburu ebe obibi kpọrọ nkụ nwere arụpụtaghị ihe dị ala. Oke ọkọchị kacha ogologo ogologo oge n'ụwa n'akụkọ ihe mere eme na-aga n'ihu na Desert Atacama na Chile (afọ 400). N'akụkọ ihe mere eme nile, ụmụ mmadụ na-elekarị ụkọ mmiri ozuzo anya dị ka "ọdachi" n'ihi mmetụta dị na nnweta nri na ọha mmadụ ndị ọzọ. Ụmụ mmadụ na-agbalịkarị ịkọwa ụkọ mmiri ozuzo dị ka ọdachi ndị na-emere onwe ha, nke ụmụ mmadụ kpatara, ma ọ bụ ihe si n'ike ndị karịrị nke mmadụ pụta. == Nkọwa == [[Usòrò:Fields_outside_benambra.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Ubi ndị dị na mpụga Benambra, [[Ostraliya|Australia]] na-ata ahụhụ site na ọnọdụ ụkọ mmiri ozuzo na 2006.]] Akuko nyocha nyocha nke isii IPCC na-akọwa ụkọ mmiri ozuzo dị ka "ọkụ dị ọkụ karịa ọnọdụ nkịtị": 1157  Nke a pụtara na ụkọ mmiri ozuzo bụ "oke mmiri n'ihe metụtara nkezi mmiri dị n'otu oge na oge". Dị ka National Integrated Drought Information System si kwuo, mmekorita ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ, a na-akọwakarị ụkọ mmiri ozuzo dị ka "enweghị ụkọ mmiri ozuzo n'ime ogologo oge (na-abụkarị oge ma ọ bụ karịa), na-ebute ụkọ mmiri". Ụlọ ọrụ National Weather Service nke NOAA na-akọwa ụkọ mmiri ozuzo dị ka "erughị mmiri nke na-ebute mmetụta ọjọọ na ndị mmadụ, anụmanụ, ma ọ bụ ahịhịa n'elu ebe buru ibu". Oké ọkọchị bụ ihe mgbagwoju anya - metụtara enweghị mmiri - nke siri ike nyochaa na ịkọwa. Ka ọ na-erule mmalite 1980, ebipụtaworị ihe karịrị nkọwa 150 nke "oké ọkọchị". Nkọwa dị iche iche na-egosipụta ọdịiche dị na mpaghara, mkpa, na ụzọ ịdọ aka ná ntị. == Ụdị == E nwere ụdị atọ bụ isi nke ụkọ mmiri ozuzo dabere na ebe n'ime okirikiri mmiri, ụkọ mmiri na-apụta: ọkọchị ihu igwe, ụkọ mmiri ozuzo, na ụkọ mmiri ugbo ma ọ bụ nke gburugburu ebe obibi. Ọkọchị mmiri dị n'ime mmiri metụtara obere mpụta mmiri, iyi iyi, na nchekwa nchekwa. Oké ọkọchị na-akọ ugbo ma ọ bụ nke gburugburu ebe obibi na-akpata nrụgide ihe ọkụkụ site na nchikota nke evaporation na ala dị ala.: 1157  Ụfọdụ ụlọ ọrụ na-agbakwụnye otu ọzọ: ụkọ mmiri ozuzo ọha na eze na-eme mgbe ọchịchọ maka akụ akụ na ụba karịrị nke a n'ihi ụkọ mmiri metụtara ihu igwe. ọkọnọ. Ọkọchị akụ na ụba ọha na eze bụ echiche yiri ụkọ mmiri. Ụdị ụkọ mmiri ozuzo dị iche iche nwere ihe dịgasị iche ma mmetụta yiri ya: # Ọkọchị ihu igwe na-eme mgbe enwere ogologo oge na-erughị oke mmiri ozuzo. Ọkọchị ihu igwe na-ebutekarị ụdị ụkọ mmiri ozuzo ndị ọzọ. Ka ụkọ mmiri ozuzo na-aga n'ihu, ọnọdụ ndị gbara ya gburugburu na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-akawanye njọ na mmetụta ọ na-enwe n'ebe ndị bi na mpaghara nọ na-abawanye nwayọọ nwayọọ. # A na-ebute ụkọ mmiri ozuzo mgbe oke mmiri dị na isi mmalite dị ka aquifers, ọdọ mmiri na ọdọ mmiri dara n'okpuru ebe dị ịrịba ama na mpaghara. Mmiri mmiri ozuzo na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-apụta n'ihi na ọ na-agụnye mmiri a na-echekwara nke a na-eji eme ihe ma na-ejupụtaghị. Dị ka ụkọ mmiri ozuzo n'ugbo, nke a nwere ike ịkpalite ọ bụghị naanị mfu nke mmiri ozuzo. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, n'ihe dị ka afọ 2007 Kazakhstan nyere nnukwu ego site n'aka ụlọ akụ ụwa maka iweghachi mmiri e bufere na mba ndị ọzọ site n'Oké Osimiri Aral n'okpuru ọchịchị Soviet. Ọnọdụ ndị dị otú ahụ na-etinyekwa ọdọ mmiri ha kasị ukwuu, Balkhash, n'ihe ize ndụ nke ịkpọnwụ kpamkpam. # Oké ọkọchị nke ugbo ma ọ bụ gburugburu ebe obibi na-emetụta mmepụta ihe ọkụkụ ma ọ bụ gburugburu ebe obibi n'ozuzu ya. Ọnọdụ a nwekwara ike ibilite n'adabereghị na mgbanwe ọ bụla nke oke mmiri ozuzo ma ọ bụrụ na ịba ụba nke ogbugba mmiri n'ubi ma ọ bụ ọnọdụ ala na mbuze nke na-ebute site na atụmatụ ọrụ ugbo na-emeghị atụmatụ na-akpata ụkọ mmiri dị n'ubi. == Ihe Ndị Na-akpata ya == [[Usòrò:Drought.jpg|thumb|Nchịkọta / Nkọwa n'ala kpọrọ nkụ nke ọzara Sonora, n"ebe ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ Mexico, nso ókèala [[U.S. state|steeti]] California na [[Arizona]] nke United States]] === Enweghị mmiri ozuzo n'ozuzu === Usoro mmepụta mmiri ozuzo gụnyere convective, stratiform, na orographic mmiri ozuzo. Usoro convective na-agụnye mmegharị kwụ ọtọ siri ike nke nwere ike ime ka ikuku na-atụgharị na ọnọdụ ahụ n'ime otu elekere ma mee ka mmiri ozuzo dị arọ, ebe usoro stratiform na-agụnye mmegharị elu na-esighị ike na oke mmiri ozuzo na-adịte aka. Enwere ike kewaa mmiri ozuzo ụzọ atọ, dabere ma ọ dara dị ka mmiri mmiri, mmiri mmiri nke na-ajụ oyi na kọntaktị na elu, ma ọ bụ ice. Oke ọkọchị na-ebute tumadi na mpaghara ebe oke mmiri ozuzo na-adịkarị, n'onwe ha, dị ntakịrị. Ọ bụrụ na ihe ndị a anaghị akwado oke mmiri ozuzo nke ọma iji rute elu n'ime oge zuru oke, ihe ga-esi na ya pụta bụ ụkọ mmiri ozuzo. Enwere ike ịkpalite ụkọ mmiri site n'ogo dị elu nke ìhè anyanwụ na-egosipụta na karịa nkezi nke usoro nrụgide dị elu, ifufe na-ebu kọntinent, kama ikuku ikuku nke oké osimiri, na mkpọda nke ebe nrụgide dị elu nwere ike igbochi ma ọ bụ gbochie mmepe nke ọrụ égbè eluigwe ma ọ bụ mmiri ozuzo karịa otu. mpaghara ụfọdụ. Ozugbo mpaghara nọ n'oké ọkọchị, usoro nzaghachi dị ka ikuku kpọrọ nkụ nke mpaghara, ọnọdụ ọkụ nke nwere ike ịkwalite ikpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ, na obere evapotranspiration nwere ike ime ka ọnọdụ ụkọ mmiri ka njọ. ==== Oge ọkọchị ==== N'ime ebe okpomọkụ, oge dị iche iche, mmiri mmiri na ọkọchị na-apụta n'ihi mmegharị nke Mpaghara Convergence Mpaghara ma ọ bụ Monsoon trough. Oge ọkọchị na-abawanye oke ụkọ mmiri ozuzo, a na-ejikwa ya dị ala iru mmiri, na oghere mmiri na osimiri na-akpọnwụ. N'ihi enweghị oghere mmiri ndị a, a na-amanye ọtụtụ anụmanụ na-ata nri ịkwaga n'ihi enweghị mmiri na-achọ ala ndị ọzọ na-eme nri. Ihe atụ nke anụmanụ ndị dị otú ahụ bụ zebra, enyí, na anụ ọhịa ọhịa. N'ihi enweghị mmiri dị na osisi, ọkụ na-agba n'oké ọhịa na-adịkarị. Ebe ọ bụ na uzu mmiri na-esiwanye ike na okpomọkụ na-arịwanye elu, a na-achọkwu ikuku mmiri iji mee ka ụkpụrụ iru mmiri dị elu ruo 100% na okpomọkụ dị elu (ma ọ bụ iji mee ka okpomọkụ daa n'ókè igirigi). Oge okpomọkụ na-eme ka mkpụrụ osisi na akwụkwọ nri na-aga ngwa ngwa, na-abawanye evaporation na transpiration site na osisi, na-akawanye njọ ọnọdụ ụkọ mmiri ozuzo. ==== El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) ==== [[Usòrò:El_Nino_regional_impacts.png|alt=|áká_èkpè|thumb|Mmetụta mpaghara nke ihe omume ENSO na-ekpo ọkụ (El Niño)]] Ihe omume El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) nwere ike na-ekere òkè mgbe ụfọdụ na ụkọ mmiri ozuzo. ENSO nwere usoro abụọ nke anomalies okpomọkụ na etiti oke osimiri Pasifik, nke a maara dị ka La Niña na El Niño. A na-ejikọta ihe omume La Niña n'ozuzu ya na ọnọdụ nkụ na ọkụ ọkụ na n'ihu nke oké ọkọchị na [[California]] na Southwwest United States, na ruo n'ókè U.S. Southeast. Ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na-ahụ maka ihu igwe achọpụtawo na La Niñas na-amụbawanye ka oge na-aga. N'aka nke ọzọ, n'oge ihe omume El Niño, ihu igwe na-ekpo ọkụ ma na-ekpo ọkụ na-eme n'akụkụ akụkụ nke Amazon River Basin, Colombia, na Central America. Oge oyi n'oge El Niño na-ekpo ọkụ na nkụ karịa nkezi ọnọdụ na Northwest, north Midwest, na north Mideast United States, ya mere mpaghara ndị ahụ na-enweta mbelata oke mmiri ozuzo. Ọnọdụ dịkwa nkụ karịa ka ọ dị site na Disemba ruo February na ndịda etiti Africa, ọkachasị na Zambia, Zimbabwe, Mozambique na Botswana. Mmetụta El Niño kpọmkwem nke na-ebute ọnọdụ kpọrọ nkụ na-eme n'akụkụ ụfọdụ nke Ndịda Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Eshia na Northern Australia, na-amụba ọkụ ohia, ikuku na-akawanye njọ, na mbelata ogo ikuku nke ukwuu. A na-ahụkwa ọnọdụ kpọrọ nkụ karịa ka ọ na-adịkarị na Queensland, n'ime ime Victoria, n'ime ime New South Wales, na ọwụwa anyanwụ Tasmania site na June ruo August. Ka mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ na-esi n’ebe ọdịda anyanwụ Pacific na Oke Osimiri India gbasaa n’ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ Pacific, ọ na-akpata oké ọkọchị na ọdịda anyanwụ Pacific. Singapore nwetara ọkacha mmasị na February na 2014 kemgbe ndekọ malitere na 1869, na naanị 6.3 mm nke mmiri ozuzo na-ada n'ọnwa yana okpomọkụ na-erute 35 Celsius C na 26 February. Afọ 1968 na 2005 nwere Febụwarị mmiri na-esote, mgbe mmiri ozuzo 8.4 mm dara. [[Usòrò:Soil_moisture_and_climate_change.svg|thumb|Mmetụta nke mgbanwe ihu igwe na mmiri nke ala na 2 °C nke okpomọkụ ụwa. Mbelata nke otu ntụgharị ọkọlọtọ pụtara na nkezi mmiri ga-eru nso n'afọ nke itoolu kachasị akọrọ n"etiti 1850 na 1900.]] === Enweghị mmiri ozuzo n'ihi mgbanwe ihu igwe === [[Usòrò:Global_warming_and_extreme_weather.svg|áká_èkpè|thumb| Akụkọ nyocha nke isii nke IPCC (2021) tụrụ anya mmụba dị ukwuu na ugboro ole ihe omume ndị siri ike ma e jiri ya tụnyere oge tupu ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe maka ebili mmiri ozuzo, ụkọ mmiri na nnukwu mmiri, maka ọnọdụ mgbanwe ihu igwe dị iche iche.<ref name="IPCC6AR_ExtremeEvents">{{Cite web|title=Climate Change 2021 / The Physical Science Basis / Working Group I contribution to the WGI Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change / Summary for Policymakers|url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_SPM_final.pdf|work=IPCC.ch|publisher=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211104175351/https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_SPM_final.pdf|archivedate=4 November 2021|date=9 August 2021}}</ref>]] A na-atụ anya mgbanwe ihu igwe zuru ụwa ọnụ ga-ebute oke ọkọchị nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na ọrụ ugbo n'ụwa niile, ọkachasị na mba ndị ka na-emepe emepe. Tinyere ụkọ mmiri ozuzo na mpaghara ụfọdụ, idei mmiri na mbuze nwere ike ịbawanye na ndị ọzọ. Ụfọdụ omume mbelata mgbanwe ihu igwe tụrụ aro na-elekwasị anya na usoro ndị na-arụsi ọrụ ike karị, njikwa radieshon anyanwụ site na iji oghere anwụ maka otu, nwekwara ike ibuwanye ohere nke ụkọ mmiri ozuzo. Enwere ịrị elu nke ụkọ mmiri ozuzo na-ekpo ọkụ na Europe bụ nke na-eme n'otu oge yana mmụba nke ikuku evapotranspiration.{{excerpt|Effects of climate change#Droughts}} === Mgbochi na ọrụ mmadụ === Ọrụ mmadụ nwere ike ịkpalite ihe ndị na-akawanye njọ dịka ịkọ ugbo, oke ogbugba mmiri n'ubi, igbukpọ osisi, na mbuze na-emetụta ikike ala ahụ ijide na ijide mmiri. N'ebe ugwu kpọrọ nkụ, isi ihe na-ebute mbuze bụ ifufe. Mbipu nwere ike ịbụ n'ihi mmegharị ihe onwunwe site na ifufe. Ikuku nwere ike ime ka e buliri obere irighiri ihe ya mere kwaga mpaghara ọzọ (deflation). Ihe ndị kwụsịtụrụ n'ime ikuku nwere ike imetụta ihe siri ike na-ebute mbuze site na abrasion (nchịkọta gburugburu ebe obibi). Ikuku mbuze na-emekarị n'ebe ndị nwere obere ahịhịa ma ọ bụ na-enweghị ahịhịa, na-emekarị na mpaghara ebe enweghị mmiri ozuzo zuru oke iji kwado ahịhịa. Loess bụ ihe jikọrọ ọnụ, nke na-adịghị ahụkebe, nke na-adịghị mma, nke na-adịghị mma, nke na-adịghị mma, na-ejikọta ntakịrị, na-adịkarị calcareous, nke dị mma, silty, icha mmirimmiri odo ma ọ bụ buff, ikuku ifufe (Aeolian). Ọ na-apụtakarị dị ka ebe nchekwa mkpuchi mkpuchi zuru ebe niile nke na-ekpuchi mpaghara narị narị square kilomita na oke iri puku kwuru iri. Loess na-eguzokarị na ihu mkpọdada ma ọ bụ kwụ ọtọ. Loess na-achọ itolite ka ọ bụrụ ala bara ụba nke ukwuu. N'okpuru ọnọdụ ihu igwe kwesịrị ekwesị, mpaghara nwere loess so na ndị kasị arụpụta ọrụ ugbo n'ụwa. Nkwụnye ego Loess na-esighi n'ike n'ike site na okike, ọ ga-emebi ngwa ngwa. Ya mere, ndị ọrụ ugbo na-akụkarị ikuku (dị ka nnukwu osisi na ohia) iji belata mbuze nke loess. Mbibi ikuku na-akawanye njọ n'ebe kpọrọ nkụ na n'oge ụkọ mmiri ozuzo. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, na Great Plains, a na-eme atụmatụ na mfu ala n'ihi mbuze ifufe nwere ike ịdị ihe ruru ugboro 6100 karịa n'ime afọ ụkọ mmiri ozuzo karịa afọ mmiri. == Nsonaazụ ya == [[Usòrò:Global_Drought_Total_Economic_Loss_Risk_Deciles_(5457316295).jpg|thumb|Ihe ize ndụ nke ụkọ mmiri ozuzo zuru ụwa ọnụ]] [[Usòrò:DroughtinNamibia.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Oryx abụọ nwụrụ anwụ na Namibia n'oge ụkọ mmiri ozuzo nke 2018 na Southern Africa.]] [[Usòrò:Ruins_at_Farina.JPG|thumb|Mgbe ọtụtụ afọ nke ụkọ mmiri ozuzo na uzuzu gasịrị, a gbahapụrụ obodo Farina dị na South Australia.]] Mmadụ nwere ike kewaa mmetụta nke ụkọ mmiri ozuzo na ụkọ mmiri ụzọ atọ: gburugburu ebe obibi, akụ na ụba na mmekọrịta ọha na eze (gụnyere ahụike). * N'ihe banyere mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi: ala ala na mmiri dị n'okpuru ala, ọkwa dị ala (na mbelata n'okpuru nke kacha nta na-eduga n'ihe ize ndụ kpọmkwem maka ndụ amphibian), mmụba nke mmetọ nke mmiri dị n'elu, ihicha nke ala mmiri, na-arịwanye elu. ọkụ ọkụ, oke deflation siri ike, ọnwụ nke ụdị ndụ dị iche iche, ahụike dị njọ nke osisi na ọdịdị nke pests na ọrịa dendroid. * Mfu akụ na ụba gụnyere obere ọrụ ugbo, oke ohia, egwuregwu na ịkụ azụ, ọnụ ahịa mmepụta nri dị elu, obere mmepụta ike na osisi mmiri, mfu nke njem nlegharị anya mmiri na-akpata na-akpata na ego ụgbọ njem, nsogbu na mmiri maka mpaghara ike na maka usoro teknụzụ. na metallurgy, Ngwuputa Ngwuputa, kemịkalụ, akwụkwọ, osisi, ụlọ ọrụ ihe oriri na ihe ndị ọzọ, nkwụsị nke mmiri mmiri maka akụ na ụba obodo. The Global Commission of Economics of Water mepụtara akụkọ "Gịnị, Gịnị mere na otú nke World Water Crisis" maka UN Conference of Water 2023 iji nye ọrụ ala maka ịghọta akụ na ụba nke mmiri na ime ihe na nsogbu mmiri. * Ọnụ ego nke ọha na eze na-agụnye mmetụta ọjọọ na ahụike nke ndị mmadụ na-ekpughe ozugbo na ihe a (oke ọkụ ọkụ), njedebe nke mmiri mmiri nwere ike ime, mmụba mmetọ, ọnụ ahịa nri dị elu, nchekasị nke owuwe ihe ubi na-ada ada, ụkọ mmiri, wdg. Nke a na-akọwa ihe kpatara ụkọ mmiri ozuzo na ụkọ mmiri ji arụ ọrụ dịka ihe na-eme ka ọdịiche dị n'etiti mba ndị mepere emepe na mba ndị ka na-emepe emepe. Mmetụta dị iche iche dabere na adịghị ike. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ndị ọrụ ugbo na-eri nri na-enwekarị ike ịkwaga n'oge ụkọ mmiri ozuzo n'ihi na ha enweghị ụzọ ọzọ ha si enweta nri. Mpaghara nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-adabere na isi mmiri dị ka isi nri na-esi enweta nri na-adị mfe karịa ụnwụ. === Mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi na akụ na ụba === Mmetụta ndị a na-ahụkarị na gburugburu ebe obibi na akụ na ụba nke ụkọ mmiri ozuzo gụnyere: * Mbelata uto nke ihe ọkụkụ ma ọ bụ mmepụta ihe na ikike ibu anụ ụlọ * Gbanwee ọrụ dị iche iche nke obodo osisi nke nwere ike imetụta mmepụta isi na ọrụ ndị ọzọ nke gburugburu ebe obibi.<ref>[https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/1365-2745.13252 "Shifts in plant functional composition following long-term drought in grasslands"] Robert J. Griffin-Nolan et al. </ref> * Ọkụ ọhịa, dị ka ọkụ ọhịa nke Australia na ọkụ ọkụ na United States, na-aghọ ihe a na'ahụkarị n'oge ụkọ mmiri ozuzo ma nwee ike ịkpata ọnwụ mmadụ.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{Cite web|title=TFS Article|url=http://txforestservice.tamu.edu/shared/article.asp?DocumentID=406&mc=fire|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20030711082443/http://txforestservice.tamu.edu/shared/article.asp?DocumentID=406&mc=fire|archivedate=11 July 2003|work=tamu.edu}}</ref> * Efere ájá, n'onwe ha bụ ihe ịrịba ama nke mbuze, nke na-emebi ala ahụ * Oké ifufe uzuzu, mgbe ụkọ mmiri ozuzo na-emetụta ebe ọzara na mbuze * Mmebi [[Habitat|ebe obibi]], na-emetụta ma anụ ọhịa nke ala ma nke mmiri<ref>C.Michael Hogan. 2010. </ref> * Mgbanwe nke ụdị dị iche iche nke obodo osisi, nke nwere ike inwe mmetụta na mmepụta isi na ọrụ ndị ọzọ nke gburugburu ebe obibi.<ref>[https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/1365-2745.13252] accessed 10-1-2023</ref> * Mbelata mmepụta ọkụ eletrik n'ihi mbelata mmiri na-agafe n"ụgbọ mmiri eletriki * Enweghị mmiri maka ndị ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/c/a/2005/03/06/MNGE2BL7161.DTL|title=Parched village sues to shut tap at Coke / Drought-hit Indians say plant draining groundwater|work=SFGate|date=2005-03-06|accessdate=2023-05-25|archivedate=2012-05-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120515214634/http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=%2Fc%2Fa%2F2005%2F03%2F06%2FMNGE2BL7161.DTL}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.greenpeace.org/international/news/sweden-nuclear-closure-040806|title=Sweden closes nuclear plants over safety fears|work=Greenpeace International|accessdate=2016-02-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090110184749/http://www.greenpeace.org/international/news/sweden-nuclear-closure-040806|archivedate=2009-01-10}}</ref> * Mgbanwe nke agwọ, nke na-akpata ịta agbụ<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/6282075.stm|title=BBC NEWS - Asia-Pacific - Australians face snake invasion|work=bbc.co.uk|date=2007-01-20}}</ref> * Ikpughe na oxidation nke ala acid sulfate n'ihi ọdịda mmiri na ala.<ref name="MosleyA2014">Mosley LM, Zammit B, Jolley A, and Barnett L (2014). </ref><ref name="MosleyB2014">Mosley LM, Palmer D, Leyden E, Fitzpatrick R, and Shand P (2014). </ref><ref name="MosleyC2014">Mosley LM, Palmer D, Leyden E, Fitzpatrick R, and Shand P (2014). </ref> * Mbelata ịdị mma nke mmiri, n'ihi na mmiri na-ebelata mgbawa nke mmetọ ma na'amụba mmegide nke isi iyi mmiri fọdụrụnụ.<ref>Mosley LM (2014). </ref><ref>10. </ref> * [[Mmebi ala]] na mmebi nke mmiri, na-akpata mbibi mmepụta nke ala.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Seka|first=Ayalkibet Mekonnen|date=2022|title=Hydrological drought impacts on water storage variations: a focus on the role of vegetation changes in the East Africa region. A systematic review|url=https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11356-022-23313-0|journal=Environmental Science and Pollution Research|language=en|volume=29|issue=53|pages=80237–80256|doi=10.1007/s11356-022-23313-0|pmid=36197619|issn=0944-1344}}</ref> === Mmetụta mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na ahụike === * Enweghị mmiri, nkwụsị nke ihe ọkụkụ, ụnwụ nri<ref>{{Cite book|author=García|first=R. V.|title=The constant catastrophe : malnutrition, famines, and drought|date=1981|publisher=Pergamon Press|isbn=9781483189666|edition=1st|location=Oxford ; New York}}</ref> na ụkwara mmiri ozuzo na-enye obere mmiri iji kwado ihe oriri; [[Agụụ|nsogbu nri]], mmiri ịta n'ahụ na ọrịa ndị yiri ya * Nnukwu mbata, na-akpata mbịarute n'ime obodo na ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ mba ụwa * Ọgba aghara ọha na eze * Agha maka ihe ndị sitere n'okike, gụnyere mmiri na nri * Nchịkọta nke cyanotoxin n'ime usoro nri na mmiri (ụfọdụ n"ime ha so na nsí kachasị ike nke sayensị maara) nwere ike ịkpata ọrịa kansa na obere ikpughe ogologo oge.<ref> {{Cite web|title=Toxins from freshwater algae found in San Francisco Bay shellfish|url=http://news.ucsc.edu/2016/10/microcystin-toxin.html|accessdate=5 November 2017}}</ref> Ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu nke microcystin pụtara na San Francisco Bay Area salt-water shellfish na mmiri dị ọcha na steeti California niile na 2016. === Mmetụta ọ na-emetụta ihe ọkụkụ === Nchegbu mmiri na-emetụta mmepe na ịdịmma osisi n'ụzọ dị iche iche: nke mbụ ụkọ mmiri ozuzo nwere ike ime ka mkpụrụ osisi na-adịghị mma na mmepe nke mkpụrụ osisi na-adịghị mma. N'otu oge ahụ uto osisi na-adabere na nkewa cellular, mmụba cell, na ọdịiche. Nchegbu ụkọ mmiri ozuzo na-emebi mitosis na cell elongation site na mfu nke nrụgide turgor nke na-ebute uto na-adịghị mma. Mmepe nke akwụkwọ na-adaberekwa na nrụgide turgor, itinye uche nke nri, na carbon assimilates [nkọwa dị mkpa] nke niile na-ebelata site na ọnọdụ ụkọ mmiri ozuzo, yabụ nrụgide ụkọ mmiri ozuzo na-eduga na mbelata nha na ọnụọgụ akwụkwọ. Egosipụta elu osisi, biomass, nha akwụkwọ na girth stem na-ebelata na ọka n'okpuru ọnọdụ mmachi mmiri. A na-enwekwa mmetụta na-adịghị mma site na nrụgide ụkọ mmiri ozuzo, mbelata nke ihe ọkụkụ na-esi na mbelata nke foto synthetic, mgbanwe na mmepe akwụkwọ, na mgbanwe nke ihe onwunwe niile n'ihi nrụgide ụkọ mmiri ozuzo. Ihe ọkụkụ ndị a kụrụ n'ubi na-enwe nrụgide nke ụkọ mmiri ozuzo na-ata ahụhụ site na mbelata nke mmiri akwụkwọ nwere ike ime na ọnụego mmịfe. Iji mmiri eme ihe na-abawanye na ihe ọkụkụ dị ka ọka wit ebe ọ na-ebelata na ndị ọzọ, dị ka poteto. Osisi chọrọ mmiri maka iweta nri sitere na ala, yana maka ibufe nri na-edozi ahụ n'osisi ahụ: ọnọdụ ụkọ mmiri ozuzo na-egbochi ọrụ ndị a na-eduga n'ịkwalite uto. Nchegbu nke ụkọ mmiri ozuzo na-ebutekwa mbelata nke ọrụ photosynthesis na osisi n'ihi mbelata nke anụ ahụ photosynthetic, mmechi stomatal, na mbelata ọrụ nke ígwè ọrụ photosynthetic. Mbelata a na ọrụ photosynthetic na-enye aka na mbelata ihe ọkụkụ na ihe ọkụkụ. Ihe ọzọ na-emetụta mbelata ihe ọkụkụ na ihe ọkụkụ gụnyere ikenye ihe onwunwe; na-eso osisi nrụgide ụkọ mmiri ozuzo ga-ekenyekwu ihe onwunwe na mgbọrọgwụ iji nyere aka na mmiri na-abawanye uto mgbọrọgwụ na ibelata uto nke akụkụ osisi ndị ọzọ ma na-ebelata ihe ọkụkụ. == Nchebe, ibelata na enyemaka == [[Usòrò:Huntington_Desert_Garden_Cactus_(etc).jpg|alt=|thumb|Osisi ndị na-atọ ụtọ na'ụzọ dị mma iji dịrị ndụ ogologo oge nke ụkọ mmiri ozuzo.]] [[Usòrò:FEMA_-_917_-_Photograph_by_Angel_Santiago_taken_on_04-03-1998_in_Marshall_Islands.jpg|thumb|Mmiri nkesa na Marshall Islands n'oge El Niño.]] N'ọrụ ugbo, ndị mmadụ nwere ike belata oke mmetụta nke ụkọ mmiri ozuzo site na ịgba mmiri na ntụgharị ihe ọkụkụ. Ọdịda imepụta atụmatụ mbelata ụkọ mmiri ozuzo zuru oke na-ebute nnukwu ọnụ ahịa mmadụ n'oge ọgbara ọhụrụ, na-akawanye njọ site na ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị mmadụ na-abawanye. Onye isi ala Roosevelt na Eprel 27, 1935, bịanyere aka n'akwụkwọ na-ekepụta Ọrụ Nchekwa Ala (SCS)—ugbu a Ọrụ Nchekwa Ọdịbendị (NRCS). E zigara ụdị iwu ahụ na steeti ọ bụla ebe e debere ha. Ndị a bụ mmemme bara uru nke mbụ na-adịgide adịgide iji belata ike ọgwụgwụ nke ụkọ mmiri ozuzo n'ọdịnihu, na-emepụta ụlọ ọrụ ndị malitere imesi usoro nchekwa ala iji chebe ala ugbo taa. Ọ bụghị ruo n'afọ 1950 ka etinyere mkpa dị na nchekwa mmiri n'ime iwu ndị dị adị (NRCS 2014). Atụmatụ maka nchedo ụkọ mmiri ozuzo, ibelata ma ọ bụ enyemaka gụnyere: * Ihe mgbochi mmiri na ọdọ mmiri ndị metụtara ya na-enye mmiri ọzọ n'oge ụkọ mmiri ozuzo.<ref>{{Cite news|work=Fresno Bee|url=http://www.fresnobee.com/2014/06/01/3956458/should-calif-add-new-dams.html|title=Should California build dams, reservoirs to help with future droughts?|date=2014-06-01|accessdate=2015-02-18|author=Matt Weiser}}</ref> * Igwe ojii na-agbanye ụdị mgbanwe ihu igwe iji mee ka mmiri ozuzo.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/english/doc/2004-07/24/content_351196.htm|title=Cloud seeding helps alleviate drought<!-- Bot generated title -->|work=chinadaily.com.cn}}</ref> Nke a ka bụ isiokwu arụmụka siri ike, dịka United States National Research Council wepụtara akụkọ na 2004 na-ekwu na ruo ugbu a, enweghi ihe akaebe sayensị doro anya banyere ịdị irè nke mgbanwe ihu igwe.<ref>{{Cite book|author=NRC|title=Critical Issues in Weather Modification Research|doi=10.17226/10829|year=2003|isbn=978-0-309-09053-7}}</ref> * Desalination Ojiji nke mmiri oké osimiri maka ịgba mmiri ma ọ bụ oriri.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.santabarbaraca.gov/gov/depts/pw/resources/system/sources/desalination.asp|author=City of Santa Barbara|title=Desalinization|date=2014-12-22|accessdate=2015-02-18}}</ref> * Nlekota ụkọ mmiri ozuzo Na-aga n'ihu na nyocha nke mmiri na iji ya tụnyere ọkwa ojiji ugbu a nwere ike inyere aka igbochi ụkwara mmiri nke mmadụ mere. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, nyocha nke ojiji mmiri na Yemen ekpughere na tebụl mmiri ha (n'okpuru ala) nọ n'ihe ize ndụ dị ukwuu site na iji ya eme ihe iji mee ka ihe ọkụkụ Khat ha. Nlekọta nke ọma nke ọkwa mmiri nwekwara ike inye aka ịkọ ihe ize ndụ dị ukwuu maka ọkụ ọhịa, na-eji usoro dị ka [[Ndepụta ụkọ mmiri ozuzo nke Keetchī Biram|Keetch-Byram]]<ref name="autogenerated1"/> Drought Index ma ọ bụ Palmer Drough Index. * Iji ala eme ihe nke ọma nwere ike inye aka belata mbuze ma nye ndị ọrụ ugbo ohere ịkụ ihe ọkụkụ na-adabere na mmiri n'afọ ndị kpọrọ nkụ. * Mmachibido iwu iji mmiri eme ihe n'èzí Na-achịkwa ojiji nke sprinklers, hose ma ọ bụ bọket na ụlọ ọrụ ndị dị n"èstre, ọdọ mmiri, na ọrụ mmezi ụlọ ndị ọzọ na-eji mmiri arụ ọrụ. Xeriscaping yards nwere ike belata mmiri na-enweghị isi site n'aka ndị bi n"obodo na obodo. * Mmiri ozuzo Nchịkọta na nchekwa nke mmiri ozu site n'elu ụlọ ma ọ bụ ebe ndị ọzọ kwesịrị ekwesị. * Mmiri a na-emegharị eme ihe bụ mmiri nsị nke a gwọrọ ma mee ka ọ dị ọcha maka iji ya mee ihe ọzọ. * Transvasement Iwu ọwa mmiri ma ọ bụ redirecting osimiri dị ka nnukwu mgbalị ịgba mmiri n'ebe mmiri na-enwekarị. == Ọnụ ọgụgụ na ihe atụ == Ụfọdụ oke ọkọchị na narị afọ nke 21 gụnyere: * Oké ọkọchị nke afọ 1997 na 2009 na Australia dugara na nsogbu mmiri n'ọtụtụ akụkụ nke mba ahụ. N'ihi ya, e wuru ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ desalination na nke mbụ (lee ndepụta). * N'afọ 2006, mpaghara Sichuan nke China nwere oke ọkọchị kachasị njọ n'oge a na ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ nde mmadụ 8 na ụlọ karịrị nde ehi 7 na-eche ụkọ mmiri ihu. * Oké ọkọchị afọ iri na abụọ nke bibiri ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ Western Australia, ndịdaya ọwụwa anyanwụ South Australia. * 20152018 [[Nsogbu mmiri Cape Town|Nsogbu mmiri nke Cape Town]]. Mgbanwe ihu igwe mere ka ohere a okpukpu atọ.<ref>{{Cite news|date=16 July 2018|title=Climate change tripled likelihood of drought that pushed Cape Town water crisis to 'Day Zero' brink, say scientists|publisher=Red Cross Red Crescent Climate Centre|url=https://reliefweb.int/report/south-africa/climate-change-tripled-likelihood-drought-pushed-cape-town-water-crisis-day-zero|accessdate=22 November 2018}}</ref> [[Usòrò:Sahel_Map-Africa_rough.png|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Ebe ndị metụtara na mpaghara ọdịda anyanwụ Sahel n'oge ụkọ mmiri ozuzo nke afọ 2012.]] Agha Darfur nke dị na Sudan, na-emetụtakwa Chad, bụ ihe kpatara ọtụtụ iri afọ nke ụkọ mmiri ozuzo; nchikota nke unwu, ọzara na oke onu ogugu ndi mmadu so na ihe butere agha Darfur, n'ihi na ndi Arab Baggara ndi na-acho mmiri ga-ebuga anu ha n'iru na ndida, n'ala nke ndi na-abụghị ndi Arab na-akpa ugbo bu. [[Usòrò:Drought_affected_area_in_Karnataka,_India,_2012.jpg|alt=|áká_èkpè|thumb|Ebe ụkọ mmiri ozuzo metụtara na Karnataka, [[Ndia|India]] na 2012.]] Ihe dị ka ijeri mmadụ 2.4 bi na mmiri mmiri na-asọpụta n'osimiri Himalaya. India, China, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal na Myanmar nwere ike ịnweta idei mmiri na-esote ụkọ mmiri ozuzo n'ime iri afọ na-abịanụ. Oké ọkọchị dị n'India na-emetụta Ganges bụ ihe pụrụ iche, ebe ọ na-enye mmiri ọṅụṅụ na ogbugba mmiri n'ubi maka ihe karịrị nde mmadụ 500. Oke osimiri ọdịda anyanwụ nke North America, nke na-enweta mmiri dị ukwuu site na glaciers na ugwu ugwu dị ka ugwu Rocky na Sierra [[Náevadạ|Nevada]], ga-emetụtakwa. N'afọ 2005, akụkụ ụfọdụ nke ọdọ mmiri Amazon nwetara ụkọ mmiri ozuzo kacha njọ n'ime 100 afọ. Otu akụkọ 23 July 2006 kọrọ nsonaazụ Woods Hole Research Center na-egosi na oke ọhịa dị ugbu a nwere ike ịlanarị naanị afọ atọ nke ụkọ mmiri ozuzo. Ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na National Institute of Amazonian Research na-arụrịta ụka n'akụkọ ahụ na nzaghachi ụkọ mmiri ozuzo a, yana mmetụta nke igbukpọsị osisi na ihu igwe mpaghara, na-akpali oke ọhịa ahụ gaa "n'ebe ọnyà" ebe ọ ga-amalite ịnwụ n'enweghị mgbagha. O kwubiri na oke ọhịa dị n'ọnụ nke ịbụ savanna ma ọ bụ ọzara, na-akpata ọdachi na-akpata ihu igwe ụwa. Dị ka WWF si kwuo, nchikota nke mgbanwe ihu igwe na igbutu osisi na-abawanye mmetụta nke nkụ nke osisi ndị nwụrụ anwụ na-eme ka ọkụ na-agba ọhịa.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080518192545/http://www.panda.org/news_facts/newsroom/index.cfm?uNewsID=64220 ''Climate change a threat to Amazon rainforest, warns WWF''], [[World Wide Fund for Nature]], March 9, 2996. </ref> [[Usòrò:ShrinkingLakeChad-1973-1997-EO.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Ọdọ Mmiri Chad na foto Satellite nke afọ 2001. Ọdọ mmiri ahụ ejirila pasent 95 belata kemgbe afọ 1960.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Plan B Updates - 47: Disappearing Lakes, Shrinking Seas - EPI|url=http://www.earth-policy.org/index.php?/plan_b_updates/2005/update47|work=earth-policy.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Shrinking African Lake Offers Lesson on Finite Resources|url=http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2001/04/0426_lakechadshrinks.html|work=nationalgeographic.com}}</ref>]] Ka ọ dị ugbu a akụkụ kachasị ukwuu nke Australia bụ ọzara ma ọ bụ ala kpọrọ nkụ nke a na-akpọkarị azụ. Nnyocha e mere n'afọ 2005 nke ndị nchọpụta Australia na America mere nyochara ọzara nke ime ime, ma tụọ aro na otu nkọwa metụtara ndị ọbịa mmadụ bụ́ ndị bịarutere ihe dị ka afọ 50,000 gara aga. Ndị ọbịa a na-agba ọkụ mgbe niile nwere ike igbochi udu mmiri ịbata n'ime ime Australia. Na June 2008 ọ bịara mara na otu ọkachamara panel dọrọ aka ná ntị maka ogologo oge, ma eleghị anya, a gaghị agbanwe agbanwe, nnukwu mmebi gburugburu ebe obibi maka ebe obibi Murray-Darling dum ma ọ bụrụ na ọ nwetaghị mmiri zuru oke site na October 2008. Australia nwere ike ịnweta oké ọkọchị na ha nwere ike ịghọ. Ugboro ugboro n'ọdịnihu, otu akụkọ gọọmentị nyere kwuru na July 6, 2008. Ọkachamara na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi nke Australia bụ Tim Flannery, buru amụma na ọ gwụla ma ọ mere nnukwu mgbanwe, Perth dị n'Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ Australia nwere ike ịghọ obodo mmụọ mbụ nke ụwa, obodo gbahapụrụ agbahapụ nke na-enweghị mmiri ọzọ. iji kwado ndị bi na ya. Ogologo oge ụkọ mmiri ozuzo nke Australian Millennial dara na 2010. Oké ọkọchị na-aga n'ihu na-akpata ọzara n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Africa akpatala ọdachi dị egwu nke gburugburu ebe obibi, na-akpata ụkọ nri na 1984-85, 2006 na 2011. N'oge ụkọ mmiri ozuzo 2011, e mere atụmatụ na ndị mmadụ 50,000 ruo 150,000 nwụrụ, n'agbanyeghị na ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị a na ókè ọ ruru. nsogbu na-arụrịta ụka. Na February 2012, UN mara ọkwa na nsogbu ahụ akwụsịla n'ihi mmụba nke ọrụ enyemaka na oke owuwe ihe ubi. Ụlọ ọrụ enyemaka mechara mesie ike na mbọ mgbake, gụnyere igwu mmiri ọwa mmiri na ikesa mkpụrụ osisi. Oke mmiri ozuzo nke afọ 2020-2022 karịrị oke ụkọ mmiri ozuzo na 2010-2011 n'ogologo na ogologo oge. N’afọ 2012, oké ọkọchị mere n’ebe ọdịda anyanwụ Sahel. Methodist Relief & Development Fund (MRDF) kwuru na ihe karịrị nde mmadụ 10 nọ na mpaghara ahụ nọ n'ihe ize ndụ nke ụnwụ nri n'ihi oke ọkụ na-ewe ọnwa ole na ole na-efegharị na Niger, Mali, Mauritania na Burkina Faso. E kesara ego ruru ihe dị ka puku £20,000 nye mba ndị ụkọ mmiri ozuzo metụtara. == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == [[Usòrò:Dust_Bowl_-_Dallas,_South_Dakota_1936.jpg|thumb|Ugbo South Dakota n'oge Dust Bowl, 1936]] N'akụkọ ihe mere eme nile, ụmụ mmadụ na-elekarị ụkọ mmiri ozuzo anya dị ka "ọdachi" n'ihi mmetụta dị na nnweta nri na ọha mmadụ ndị ọzọ. Ụmụ mmadụ na-agbalịkarị ịkọwa ụkọ mmiri ozuzo dị ka ọdachi ndị na-emere onwe ha, nke ụmụ mmadụ kpatara, ma ọ bụ ihe si n'ike ndị karịrị nke mmadụ pụta. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ihe omume ihu igwe mbụ edekọtara, dị na Epic of Gilgamesh ma jikọta ya na akụkọ Akwụkwọ Nsọ banyere mbata Josef na Ọpụpụ ahụ mechara si n'Ijipt oge ochie. Mbugharị ndị dinta na-achịkọta na 9,500 BC Chile jikọtara ya na ihe omume ahụ, dịkwa ka ọpụpụ nke ụmụ mmadụ mbụ si n'Africa na banye n'ụwa ndị ọzọ n'ihe dị ka afọ 135,000 gara aga. Ememe na-adị iji gbochie ma ọ bụ gbochie ụkọ mmiri ozuzo, ime mmiri ozuzo nwere ike isi na ịgba egwu gaa n'ịgba egwu gaa n'àjà mmadụ. N'oge a, ihe ka ọtụtụ n'ime omume ochie ndị ahụ bụ ndị a na-atụgharị n'akụkọ ọdịnala ma jiri nlezianya na-achịkwa mmiri dochie ya. Oké ọkọchị n'akụkọ ihe mere eme gụnyere: * 1540 Central Europe, nke a na-ekwu na ọ bụ ụkọ mmiri ozuzo kachasị njọ nke puku afọ na ọnwa iri na otu na enweghị mmiri na okpomọkụ nke 5o7 °C karịa nkezi nke narị afọ nke 20<ref>Oliver Wetter et al: ''The year-long unprecedented European heat and drought of 1540 – a worst case''. </ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Andreas Frey|date=2018-08-04|title=Elf Monate ohne Regen: Die Angst vor der Megadürre des Jahres 1540 geht um|language=de|work=[[Neue Zürcher Zeitung]]|url=https://nzzas.nzz.ch/wissen/elf-monate-ohne-regen-angst-vor-megaduerre-jahres-1540-geht-um-ld.1408708|accessdate=2018-08-06}}</ref> * 1900 India na-egbu n'etiti 250,000 na 3.25 nde. * 1921 Soviet Union nke ihe karịrị nde mmadụ ise nwụrụ n'ihi ụnwụ nri n"ihi oke ọkọchị. * 1928 Southwest China nke kpatara ọnwụ ihe karịrị nde mmadụ atọ n'ihi ụnwụ nri. * 1936 na 1941 Sichuan Province China kpatara ọnwụ nde 5 na nde 2.5 n'otu n"otu. == Hụkwa ==   == Ihe odide == {{Reflist|30em}} cplwywynf7159ddly9n3uw0af5fkg64 0 27099 632267 113831 2026-05-08T05:24:19Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 632267 wikitext text/x-wiki Land and Development Bank of South Africa (LADBSA) bụ ụlọ akụ mmepe nke gọọmentị nwere na [[South Africa|Republic]] of South Africa . Gọọmentị South Africa guzobere . E hiwere ụlọ akụ ahụ dị ka ụlọ ọrụ ego mmepe na 1912 site n'aka gọọmentị South Africa. Ebumnobi bụ isi nke LADBSA bụ ịkwalite na ego mmepe na ngalaba ọrụ ugbo nke akụnụba obodo.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.landbank.co.za/|title=landbank|work=landbank|accessdate=2017-08-31|archivedate=2024-07-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240717095005/https://landbank.co.za/Pages/Home.aspx}}</ref> == Hụkwa ==   * Ndepụta ụlọ akụ na South Africa * Ọnọdụ akụ na ụba nke South Africa * Ndepụta ụlọ akụ dị n'Africa * Pretoria == Edensibia == {{Reflist}}{{Banks of South Africa}}{{Economy of South Africa}}  m9mspvww8c399awvw31549hn3830ymx 0 27137 632308 577380 2026-05-08T11:51:36Z Goodymaraj 21567 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:2|0|0 */ 632308 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Luxor, Egypt, Boats on Nile River.jpg|thumb|luxor, Egypt,boats on nile river.jpg]] Luxor (Arabic: , : , lit. 'obí eze') bụ obodo nke oge a na Upper (n'ebe ndịda) Ijipt nke gụnyere ebe obodo [[Egypt|Ijipt]] oge ochie nke <nowiki><i id="mwFQ">Thebes</i></nowiki> dị. A na-akọwakarị Luxor dị ka "ụlọ ngosi ihe ngosi ikuku ikuku kachasị n'ụwa", ebe mkpọmkpọ ebe ụlọ nsọ Egypt dị na Karnak na Luxor guzoro n'ime obodo ọgbara ọhụrụ. Ozugbo chere ihu, n'ofe Osimiri Naịl, ka ihe ncheta, ụlọ arụsị na ili dị n'akụkụ ọdịda anyanwụ Theban Necropolis, nke gụnyere Ndagwurugwu Ndị Eze na Ndagwurugwu Queens. Ọtụtụ puku ndị njem nlegharị anya si gburugburu ụwa na-abịa kwa afọ ịga leta ihe ncheta Luxor, na-atụnye ụtụ dị ukwuu na akụ na ụba nke obodo ọgbara ọhụrụ. Ndị bi na Luxor bụ 422,407 (2021), na mpaghara ihe dịka 417 km2 ( mi).<ref name="capmas.gov.eg">{{Cite web|title=الجهاز المركزي للتعبئة العامة والإحصاء|url=http://www.capmas.gov.eg/Pages/populationClock.aspx|accessdate=2020-11-19|work=www.capmas.gov.eg|archivedate=2018-10-01|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181001165920/http://www.capmas.gov.eg/Pages/populationClock.aspx}}</ref><ref name="99stats">{{Cite web|url=http://www.luxor.gov.eg/population.htm|title=Data from Luxor.gov.eg|accessdate=2007-06-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070609233846/http://www.luxor.gov.eg/population.htm|archivedate=2007-06-09}}</ref> Ọ bụ isi obodo Luxor Governorate. Ọ bụ otu n'ime obodo ndị mmadụ kacha ochie n'ụwa. == Okwu mmalite == Aha Luxor (Arabic: , : , lit. <nowiki>''</nowiki>, a na-akpọ /ˈlʌksɔːr, ˈlʊk-/, Egyptian Arabic pronunciation: [ˈloʔsːoɾ], Upper Egyptian: [ˈ loɡsːor]) sitere na Arabic qasr (قصر), nke pụtara "obí eze".<ref>''Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary.'' </ref><ref name="Co1905">{{Cite book|author=Macmillan & Co|title=Guide to Egypt and the Sudan: Including a Description of the Route Through Uganda to Mombasa|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xadDAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA105|year=1905|publisher=Macmillan}}</ref><ref>Verner, Miroslav (2013). </ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.trismegistos.org/place/2985|title=TM Places|work=www.trismegistos.org|accessdate=2019-12-08}}</ref>) Aha Sahidic Coptic Pape (Coptic), sitere na Demotic "adyton", nke, n'aka nke ya, sitere na Ijipt.<ref name=":0"/> Ụdị Grik bụ Ōnʹnʹn na Ōn·φιεῖον sitere n'otu isi iyi.<ref name=":0" /> Obodo nta Ijipt [[Abá|Aba]] al-Waqf (Arabic, Ancient Greek) nwere otu okwu ahụ.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Peust|first=Carsten|title=Die Toponyme vorarabischen Ursprungs im modernen Ägypte|year=2010|location=Göttingen|pages=10}}</ref> Aha Grik bụ Thebes (Grik oge ochie) ma ọ bụ Diospolis. Aha ndị Ijipt nke obodo ahụ bụ Waset, nke a makwaara dị ka ''Nut'' (Coptic)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/nwt|title=nwt - Wiktionary|work=en.wiktionary.org|date=September 25, 2019|accessdate=2019-12-08}}</ref><hiero>i-pA-t:pr</hiero>Luxor bụ obodo oge ochie nke Thebes, isi obodo nke Upper Egypt n'oge Alaeze Ọhụrụ, na obodo Amun, nke mesịrị ghọọ chi Amun-Ra. A na-ewere obodo ahụ n'ihe odide ndị Ijipt oge ochie dị ka wAs.t (nke a na-akpọ "Waset"), nke pụtara "obodo nke mkpanaka", ma mesịa na Demotic Egyptian dị ka tapt (nke a kpọrọ "t A ipt" ma ọ pụtara "ụlọ nsọ / ụlọ nsọ", nke ndị Gris maara ugbu a dị ka "nakets". A makwaara Thebes dị ka "obodo nke ọnụ ụzọ ámá 100", mgbe ụfọdụ a na-akpọ ya "Heliopolis nke ndịda" ('Iunu-shemaa' na Ijipt oge ochie), iji mee ka ọ dị iche na obodo Iunu ma ọ bụ Heliopolis, isi ebe ofufe maka chi Ra n'ebe ugwu. A na-akpọkarị ya niw.t, nke pụtara "obodo", ọ bụkwa otu n'ime naanị obodo atọ dị n'Ijipt nke e ji aha a mee ihe (abụọ ndị ọzọ bụ Memphis na Heliopolis); a na-akpọkwa ya niw, "obodo ndịda", dịka ndịda ha.<hiero>i-p:t-O45-M24-t:N21-Z1</hiero> == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == [[Usòrò:Luxor_Temple_R04.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb|Ụlọ nsọ Luxor, nke a hụrụ site n'akụkụ ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Osimiri Naịl]] == Hụkwa == * Njem ọdịnala na Ijipt * Ndepụta obodo na obodo dị na Ijipt * Ndepụta nke ebe ndị dị egwu * Luxor Las Vegas == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Ịgụ ihe ọzọ == * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] "Luxor Temple na Ofufe nke Royal ka". ''Journal of Near Eastern Studies'' 44 (1985): 251-294. * Bongioanni, Alessandro ''Luxor na Ndagwurugwu nke Ndị Eze''. Vercelli, Italy: White Star Publishers, 2004. * Brand, Peter J. "Veils, Votives and Marginalia: The Use of Sacred Space at Karnak and Luxor". Na ''Ebe'' Nsọ na Ọrụ Dị Nsọ na Thebes oge ochie. Nke Peter F. Dorman na Betsy N. Bryan dezigharịrị, 51-83. Chicago: Mahadum nke Chicago Press, 2007. * El-Shahawy, Abeer, na Farid S. Atiya. Luxor Museum: Ebube nke Thebes oge ochie. Cairo, Egypt: Farid Atiya Press, 2005. * Haag, Michael Luxor Illustrated: Ya na Aswan, [[Abu Simbel]], na Naịl. Cairo: American University na Cairo Press, 2009. * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Luxor, Karnak, na Theban Temple. Cairo: American University na Cairo Press, 2002. * Strudwick, Nigel, na Helen Strudwick. ''Thebes In Egypt'': A Guide to the Tombs and Temples of Ancient Luxor. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1999. * Weeks, Kent R. The Illustrated Guide to Luxor: Ili, Temples, na Museums. Cairo, Egypt: American University in Cairo Press, 2005. == Njikọ mpụga == [[Òtù:All articles with unsourced statements]] qgu4b8gyu6jgka22q23nsblzczfetlm 0 27718 632266 515331 2026-05-08T05:19:50Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 632266 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Automatic taxobox}} {| class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%" ! colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)" |''Lamprophis'' |- | colspan="2" style="text-align: center" |[[File:Aroura_House_Snake_1.JPG|frameless]] |- | colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%" |''Lamprophis aurora'', <br /><br /><br /><br />aurora house snake |- style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)" |- ! colspan="2" style="min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)" |[[Taxonomy (biology)|Scientific classification]] <span class="plainlinks" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;">[[File:OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg|link=Template:Taxonomy/Lamprophis|15x15px|Edit this classification]]</span> |- |Kingdom: |[[Animal|Animalia]] |- |Phylum: |[[Chordate|Chordata]] |- |Class: |[[Reptile|Reptilia]] |- |Order: |[[Squamata]] |- |Suborder: |[[Snake|Serpentes]] |- |Family: |[[Lamprophiidae]] |- |Subfamily: |[[Lamprophiinae]] |- |Genus: |''[[Lamprophis]]''<br /><br /><br /><br /><small>[[Leopold Fitzinger|Fitzinger]], 1843</small> |- style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)" |- ! colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)" |Species |- | colspan="2" style="text-align: left" | 3 recognized species, see article. |} [[Category:Articles with 'species' microformats]] '''''Lamprophis''''' bụ ụdị agwọ ndị na-enweghị nsí, nke a na-akpọkarị agwọ ụlọ Afrịka, n'ezinụlọ Lamprophiidae. == Nkọwa == Ụdị ''Lamprophis'' na-egosipụta ụdị dịgasị iche iche, ma nwee ike inwe ntụpọ, akara, ma ọ bụ na-acha. Agwọ ụlọ na-enwe mmekọahụ dimorphic, ụmụ nwanyị na-eto nke ukwuu, ruo ihe dị ka 120 cm (47 in) n'ụdị ụfọdụ, a na-edekwa ụfọdụ ihe karịrị 150 cm (59 in), ndị nwoke na-eto naanị ruo ihe dị na 75 cm (30 in). A chọtawo ụdị Albino nke Lamprophis aurora. == Ụdị dị iche iche == Ka ọ na-erule afọ 2022, a maara ụdị atọ n'ụdị ''Lamprophis'': * Lamprophis aurora (Linnaeus, 1758) - agwọ ụlọ aurora * ''Lamprophis fiskii'' Boulenger, 1887 - Agwọ ụlọ Fisk, nke na-adịghị ike (VU) * ''Lamprophis fuscus'' Boulenger, 1893 - agwọ ụlọ nwere afọ odo, nke fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ihe egwu (LR/nt) Nota bene: Ikike binomial dị na parentheses na-egosi na a kọwara ụdị ahụ na mbụ na ụdị ọzọ karịa ''Lamprophis''. Ụdị a maara n'oge gara aga dị ka ''Lamprophis capensis'', agwọ ụlọ na-acha nchara nchara ma ọ bụ agwọ ụlọ Cape, e kenyere ya na ụdị Boaedon, dị ka ''Boaedon'' capensis. Ụdị a maara n'oge gara aga dị ka ''Lamprophis erlangeri'', agwọ ụlọ nke Etiopia, e kenyere ya na ụdị Bofa dị ka ''Bofa'' erlangeri. == Ebe dị iche iche == A na-ahụ agwọ ụlọ n'ebe niile dị na mpaghara Sahara Africa n'ọtụtụ ebe obibi; ụfọdụ ụdị na-ebi nke ọma n'ime ọgba.<ref>{{Cite web|title=African Fire Skink|url=https://www.reptilerange.com/african-house-snake/|work=Reptile Range|accessdate=9 August 2022|archivedate=9 August 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220809205517/https://www.reptilerange.com/african-house-snake/}}</ref> A na-akpọ ha agwọ "ụlọ" ebe a na-ahụkarị ha gburugburu ebe obibi mmadụ, na-eri ụmụ oke na-ezukọta gburugburu ihe mkpofu mmadụ. Ha bụ agwọ na-eme mgbanwe nke ukwuu, nke a na-ahụ na mpaghara ahịhịa, ọhịa, savannah, na mpaghara ugwu. == Omume na nri == Agwọ ụlọ ọhịa na-enwekarị ụjọ, mana ha anaghị ata ata. Mmeghachi omume mbụ ha na-echebe bụ ịgbapụ. A na-ahụkarị ha n'ime na gburugburu ebe obibi mmadụ, ebe ha na-eri ụmụ oke, obere ezé, na ọbụna nnụnụ. Agwọ ụlọ bụ ndị na-amụba amụba ma na-eyi àkwá asatọ ruo iri na abụọ nke na-apụta mgbe ọnwa abụọ nke ichuru. Ụmụ ọhụrụ na-adịkarị ihe dị ka sentimita 20 n'ogologo. == Mgbe a tụrụ ya n'agbụ == Agwọ ụlọ Afrịka bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị n'ahịa anụ ụlọ. Ụdị mbụ dịnụ bụ B. capensis, ebe ndị ọzọ siri ike inweta. Ha dị mfe ilekọta ma mụọ ngwa ngwa. Ha nwere ike ibi ndụ ruo afọ 20 na nlekọta kwesịrị ekwesị. Ụmụ nwoke dị obere karịa ụmụ nwanyị ma na-eto obere karịa 2.5 ft (76 ). Ụụ nwanyị nwere ike iru ogologo nke 3.5 feet (110 ), a na-akọkwa na ụdị sitere na mpaghara ọwụwa anyanwụ nke ndịda Afrịka (KwaZulu-Natal) ruru ogologo nke 5 ft (1.5 m) ma ọ bụ karịa. Agwọ ndị a na-eme njem n'abalị. Nwanyị na-eyi otu àkwá nke 9 ruo 16 na mbido oge opupu ihe ubi. A maara na ha na-echekwa sperm ma nwee ike itinye ihe ruru ụmụ isii kwa afọ n'ụlọ mkpọrọ, mana ọ naghị eme n'okike. Ụmụ ha dị 5-7 in (13-18 ) mgbe ha pupụtara. == Nri == Ihe oriri ha bụ ụmụ oke; n'ụlọ mkpọrọ, obere agwọ na-ewere [[Pinkie mice|òké]] pinkie, na n'ọhịa ha na-erikarị agụ owuru ruo mgbe ha dị ike iji gbochie òké. A maara ụmụ nwanyị buru ibu ka ha na-eri òké na-enye nwa ara mgbe ụfọdụ. A na-enye agwọ ndị toro eto nri kwa izu. Ụmụ ha nwere ike iri obere ezé, dị ka skinks na geckos, na ụmụ oke a mụrụ ọhụrụ. N'ịbụ ndị a dọtara n'agha, ha nwere ike ịnata nri na ọdụ agụ owuru. A makwaara ụdị buru ibu ka ha na-ewere ezé, na n'ọnọdụ ndị a na-adịghị ahụkebe ha ga-ejide obere ụsụ. A ga-enye agwọ ụlọ naanị ha nri; mmeghachi omume ha na-eri nri nwere ike ịkpata iri mmadụ. == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == {{Commons category|Lamprophis}} * [http://www.kingsnake.com/housesnake/ Peeji agwọ ụlọ Africa On Kingsnake.com] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230616060749/http://www.africanhousesnakes.com/ Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ ''Lamprophis''] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071213025225/http://housesnakes.net/ Agwọ ụlọ Afrịka] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071024171719/http://closetcreationherps.tripod.com/housesnakes.html Foto agwọ n'ụlọ] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080908021055/http://lamprophis.proboards62.com/ Nzukọ ndị na-ekwu okwuchukwu] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20150407000150/http://www.erikpaterson.co.uk/house-snakes Akwụkwọ nduzi maka nlekọta agwọ n'ụlọ] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20101229142303/http://lamprophis.net/ Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ ''Lamprophis'' na nnọkọ] == Ịgụ ihe ọzọ == * Boulenger GA (1893). ''Ndepụta nke agwọ na British Museum (Natural History). Mpịakọta nke Mbụ, nke nwere ezinụlọ... Colubridæ Aglyphæ, akụkụ.'' London: Ndị nlekọta nke British Museum (Natural History). (Taylor na Francis, ndị na-ebi akwụkwọ). xiii + 448 pp. + I-XXVIII Plates. (Genus Lamprophis, peeji nke 39, Foto 19). * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] ''Ntuziaka maka agwọ na anụ ndị ọzọ na-akpụ akpụ nke Southern Africa''. Mbipụta nke atọ e degharịrị, mbipụta nke abụọ. Sanibel Island, Florida: Ralph Curtis Books.  [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/0-88359-042-5|0-88359-042-5]]. (Genus Lamprophis [sensu lato], peeji nke 73-74). * Fitzinger L (1843). ''[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]'' Vienna: Braumüller & Seidel. 106 peeji + ihe ngosi. (''Lamprophis'', ụdị ọhụrụ, peeji nke 25). (n'asụsụ Latin). * FitzSimons V (1966). "A check-list, na mkpịsị ugodi synoptic, na agwọ nke Southern Africa". ''Ihe ndekọ nke Ebe Ngosi Ihe Mgbe Ochie nke Transvaal'' '''25''' (3): 35-79. (Genus Lamprophis, Key to the species, p. 45). {{Taxonbar|from=Q2132106}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 7eer4smqdvz13abqqpox43r3v02kysu 0 28125 632293 475235 2026-05-08T11:47:21Z Goodymaraj 21567 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:2|0|0 */ 632293 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox vevent haudio" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary album" |Psalm 22 |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-weight:bold;" |"My God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me?" |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Psalm_21_Initial_D.jpg|frameless]]<div class="infobox-caption">Psalm 22:1-8 in the [[St. Albans Psalter]]. The first words of the Psalm in the [[Latin]] [[Vulgate]] are "Deus, Deus meus," abbreviated here as DS DS MS.</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Other name | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css" /><div class="plainlist"> * Abụ Ọma nke 21 * "Chineke, Chineke m" </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Asụsụ | class="infobox-data" |Hibru (nke mbụ) |} '''Abụ Ọma 22''' nke Akwụkwọ Abụ Ọma ('''azụ''' ụtụtụ) ma ọ bụ Chineke m, Chineke m, ihe mere ị ji gbahapụ m [? ala-alpha 1] bụ abụ ọma na [[Akwụkwọ Nsọ|Bible]]. Akwụkwọ Abụ Ọma bụ akụkụ nke ngalaba nke atọ nke Bible Hibru, na akwụkwọ nke Agba Ochie nke [[Efefe Kraịst|Ndị Kraịst]]. N'usoro nọmba dịtụ iche nke e ji mee ihe na nsụgharị Bible nke Grik Septuagint na Latin Vulgate, abụ ọma a bụ '''Abụ Ọma nke 21'''. Na Latin, a maara ya dị ka "Deus, Deus meus". Abụ Ọma ahụ bụ akụkụ nke ndị Juu, Ndị Kraịst Ọtọdọks, Katọlik, Anglican, Lutheran, na liturgies Protestant ndị ọzọ. == Akụkọ ihe mere eme na gburugburu == N'echiche kachasị, Abụ Ọma nke 22 bụ maka onye na-eti Chineke mkpu iji zọpụta ya na mkparị na mmekpa ahụ nke ndị iro ya, na (n'amaokwu iri ikpeazụ) na-ekele Chineke maka ịzọpụta ya. Nkọwa ndị Juu nke Abụ Ọma nke 22 na-akọwa onye ahụ dị n'abụ ọma ahụ na onye eze, na-abụkarị Eze Devid ma ọ bụ Eze Nwanyị Esta.<ref>Talmud Bavli, Tractate Megillah, Schottenstein Ed., Mesorah Publications, New York, 1991; page 15b2, footnote 16 explains that Psalm 22 contains prophetic references to Esther.</ref> A na-akọwakwa abụ ọma ahụ dị ka nke na-ezo aka na nsogbu nke ndị Juu na nhụjuanya na nkewa ha n'ebe a chụgara ha.<ref>Writing and Reading the Scroll of Isaiah: Studies of an Interpretative Tradition, p. 412-413</ref> Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ahịrịokwu ahụ bụ "Ma abụ m ikpuru" (Hibru) na-ezo aka n'Izrel, n'otu aka ahụ dị ka Aịsaịa 41: "Tụla egwu, gị ikpuru Jekọb, unu ndị Izrel; Ana m enyere gị aka, ka Onyenwe anyị kwuru, na Onye Mgbapụta gị, Onye Nsọ nke Izrel. "<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt1041.htm|title=Isaiah 41 / Hebrew - English Bible / Mechon-Mamre|work=www.mechon-mamre.org|accessdate=2023-07-15|archivedate=2023-06-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230608112903/https://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt1041.htm}}</ref> Akwụkwọ Megillah nke Talmud Babilọn nwere nchịkọta dị ukwuu nke midrash na-agbasawanye n'Akwụkwọ Esta. N'ikwu okwu na Esta 5:1, A na-ehota Rabbi Levi na-ekwu na, ka Esta na-agafe n'ụlọ arụsị n'ụzọ na-aga n'ụlọ ocheeze iji rịọ eze arịrịọ, ọ nụrụ na Shekhinah (ọnụnọ nke chi) na-ahapụ ya, ebe ọ hotara Abụ Ọma 22:1 na-asị "Chineke m, Chineke m, gịnị mere ị ji hapụ m".<ref>Babylonian Talmud, Tractate Megillah, page 15b (Vilna edition).</ref> === Isi === : ''Nye Onye isi egwu. A na-etinye ya na "The Deer of the Dawn". Abụ Ọma nke Devid.'' A na-ahụ ''Ayelet Hashachar'' (Hibru: "hind nke chi ọbụbọ") n'aha abụ ọma ahụ. O yikarịrị ka ọ bụ aha abụ ma ọ bụ ụda ụfọdụ nke a ga-abụ abụ ọma ahụ.<ref>See for example {{Cite book|author=Charles Augustus Briggs|date=1960|origyear=1906|title=A Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the Book of Psalms|url=https://archive.org/details/p1criticalexeget15briguoft|location=Edinburgh|publisher=T & T Clark|series=International Critical Commentary}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, ụfọdụ na-aghọta site na aha ụfọdụ ngwá egwú, ma ọ bụ ihe atụ na-ezo aka na isiokwu nke abụ ọma. N'akwụkwọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, [nke?] Otú ọ dị, a na-ekwu na "Hind of Dawn" bụ ọrụ ofufe onye ụkọchukwu a họpụtara dị ka מְנַצֵּחַ (menatseach), dị ka onyeisi nke ememe ahụ. Ebe nsụgharị Bekee nwere "psalm", okwu Hibru bụ מִזְמוֹר (''mizmor''), abụ nwere ngwá egwu. Nke a bụ akụkụ nke usoro "Abụ Ọma Devid" (''mizmor le-david''). Dị ka omenala si dị, a na-ekwu na ọ bụ Eze Devid dere ha; Otú ọ dị, na nkọwa ndị ọkà mmụta, a na'ụzọ dị iche iche, a na -a na-ekwu ma ọ bụ na-agbagha ya kemgbe ngwụcha narị afọ nke 19. Akụkụ Hibru le nwere ike ịpụta "maka", "ihe gbasara", ma ọ bụ "site", ka ọ wee nọgide na-emeghe maka nkọwa ma abụ ọma ndị a sitere na Devid, ma ọ bụ ma isiokwu ahụ na-ezo aka, kama, na onye isi nke uri ahụ, dị ka na-emetụta ọchịchị Devid n'echiche dị mkpirikpi, ma ọ bụrụ ọbụna ọchịchị Chineke n'ozuzu.<ref>Hans-Joachim Kraus (1993). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=fkdx-GuZRzoC&pg=PA22 Psalmen 1–59: A Continental Commentary]''. Translated from the German by Hilton&nbsp;C. Oswald. Minneapolis: Fortress Press. p.&nbsp;22–23.</ref> Isiokwu ahụ na-agbakwa abụ ọma ahụ dị ka "maka onye ndu" (לַֽמְנַצֵּחַ). O doro anya na nke a na-ezo aka n'iji abụ ọma eme ihe na liturgy (ụlọ nsọ). Ihe doro anya pụtara abụghị ihe doro anya.<ref>John F. A. Sawyer. ''The Terminology of the Psalm Headings.'' In: Ders.: Sacred Texts and Sacred Meanings. Studies in Biblical Language and Literature. Sheffield, 2011.</ref> == Ihe odide == === Ntughari Bibulu Hibru === Ihe na-esonụ bụ ihe odide Hibru nke Abụ Ọma 22: {| class="wikitable" !Verse !Hebrew |- | style="text-align:right" |1 | style="text-align:right" |לַֽמְנַצֵּחַ עַל־אַיֶּ֥לֶת הַ֜שַּׁ֗חַר מִזְמ֥וֹר לְדָוִֽד |- | style="text-align:right" |2 | style="text-align:right" |אֵלִ֣י אֵ֖לִי לָמָ֣ה עֲזַבְתָּ֑נִי רָח֥וֹק מִ֜ישֽׁוּעָתִ֗י דִּבְרֵ֥י שַֽׁאֲגָתִֽי |- | style="text-align:right" |3 | style="text-align:right" |אֱלֹהַ֗י אֶקְרָ֣א י֖וֹמָם וְלֹ֣א תַֽעֲנֶ֑ה וְ֜לַ֗יְלָה וְֽלֹא־דֽוּמִיָּ֥ה לִֽי |- | style="text-align:right" |4 | style="text-align:right" |וְאַתָּ֥ה קָד֑וֹשׁ י֜וֹשֵׁ֗ב תְּהִלּ֥וֹת יִשְׂרָאֵֽל |- | style="text-align:right" |5 | style="text-align:right" |בְּךָ בָּֽטְח֣וּ אֲבֹתֵ֑ינוּ בָּֽ֜טְח֗וּ וַֽתְּפַלְּטֵֽמוֹ |- | style="text-align:right" |6 | style="text-align:right" |אֵלֶ֣יךָ זָֽעֲק֣וּ וְנִמְלָ֑טוּ בְּךָ֖ בָֽטְח֣וּ וְלֹא־בֽוֹשׁוּ |- | style="text-align:right" |7 | style="text-align:right" |וְאָֽנֹכִ֣י תוֹלַ֣עַת וְלֹא־אִ֑ישׁ חֶרְפַּ֥ת אָ֜דָ֗ם וּבְז֥וּי עָֽם |- | style="text-align:right" |8 | style="text-align:right" |כָּל־רֹ֖אַי יַלְעִ֣גוּ לִ֑י יַפְטִ֥ירוּ בְ֜שָׂפָ֗ה יָנִ֥יעוּ רֹֽאשׁ |- | style="text-align:right" |9 | style="text-align:right" |גֹּ֣ל אֶל־יְהֹוָ֣ה יְפַלְּטֵ֑הוּ יַ֜צִּילֵ֗הוּ כִּ֘י חָ֥פֵץ בּֽוֹ |- | style="text-align:right" |10 | style="text-align:right" |כִּֽי־אַתָּ֣ה גֹחִ֣י מִבָּ֑טֶן מַ֜בְטִיחִ֗י עַל־שְׁדֵ֥י אִמִּֽי |- | style="text-align:right" |11 | style="text-align:right" |עָלֶיךָ הָשְׁלַ֣כְתִּי מֵרָ֑חֶם מִבֶּ֥טֶן אִ֜מִּ֗י אֵ֥לִי אָֽתָּה |- | style="text-align:right" |12 | style="text-align:right" |אַל־תִּרְחַ֣ק מִ֖מֶּנִּי כִּֽי־צָרָ֣ה קְרוֹבָ֑ה כִּ֖י אֵ֥ין עוֹזֵֽר |- | style="text-align:right" |13 | style="text-align:right" |סְבָבוּנִי פָּרִ֣ים רַבִּ֑ים אַבִּירֵ֖י בָשָׁ֣ן כִּתְּרֽוּנִי |- | style="text-align:right" |14 | style="text-align:right" |פָּצ֣וּ עָלַ֣י פִּיהֶ֑ם אַ֜רְיֵ֗ה טֹרֵ֥ף וְשֹׁאֵֽג |- | style="text-align:right" |15 | style="text-align:right" |כַּמַּ֥יִם נִשְׁפַּכְתִּי֘ וְֽהִתְפָּֽרְד֗וּ כָּֽל־עַצְמ֫וֹתָ֥י הָיָ֣ה לִ֖בִּי כַּדּוֹנָ֑ג נָ֜מֵ֗ס בְּת֣וֹךְ מֵעָֽי |- | style="text-align:right" |16 | style="text-align:right" |<nowiki>יָ֘בֵ֚שׁ כַּחֶ֨רֶשׂ | כֹּחִ֗י וּ֖לְשׁוֹנִי מֻדְבָּ֣ק מַלְקוֹחָ֑י וְלַֽעֲפַר־מָ֥וֶת תִּשְׁפְּתֵֽנִי</nowiki> |- | style="text-align:right" |17 | style="text-align:right" |כִּֽי־סְבָב֗וּנִי כְּלָ֫בִ֥ים עֲדַ֣ת מְ֖רֵעִים הִקִּיפ֑וּנִי כָּֽ֜אֲרִ֗י יָדַ֥י וְרַגְלָֽי |- | style="text-align:right" |18 | style="text-align:right" |אֲסַפֵּ֥ר כָּל־עַצְמוֹתָ֑י הֵ֥מָּה יַ֜בִּ֗יטוּ יִרְאוּ־בִֽי |- | style="text-align:right" |19 | style="text-align:right" |יְחַלְּק֣וּ בְגָדַ֣י לָהֶ֑ם וְעַל־לְ֜בוּשִׁ֗י יַפִּ֥ילוּ גוֹרָֽל |- | style="text-align:right" |20 | style="text-align:right" |וְאַתָּ֣ה יְ֖הֹוָה אַל־תִּרְחָ֑ק אֱ֜יָֽלוּתִ֗י לְעֶזְרָ֥תִי חֽוּשָׁה |- | style="text-align:right" |21 | style="text-align:right" |הַצִּ֣ילָה מֵחֶ֣רֶב נַפְשִׁ֑י מִיַּד־כֶּ֜֗לֶב יְחִֽידָתִֽי |- | style="text-align:right" |22 | style="text-align:right" |הוֹשִׁיעֵֽנִי מִפִּ֣י אַרְיֵ֑ה וּמִקַּרְנֵ֖י רֵמִ֣ים עֲנִיתָֽנִי |- | style="text-align:right" |23 | style="text-align:right" |אֲסַפְּרָ֣ה שִׁמְךָ֣ לְאֶחָ֑י בְּת֖וֹךְ קָהָ֣ל אֲהַֽלְלֶֽךָּ |- | style="text-align:right" |24 | style="text-align:right" |<nowiki>יִרְאֵ֚י יְהֹוָ֨ה | הַֽלְל֗וּהוּ כָּל־זֶ֣רַע יַֽעֲקֹ֣ב כַּבְּד֑וּהוּ וְג֥וּרוּ מִ֜מֶּ֗נוּ כָּל־זֶ֥רַע יִשְׂרָאֵֽל</nowiki> |- | style="text-align:right" |25 | style="text-align:right" |כִּ֚י לֹא־בָזָ֨ה וְלֹ֪א שִׁקַּ֡ץ עֱנ֬וּת עָנִ֗י וְלֹֽא־הִסְתִּ֣יר פָּנָ֣יו מִמֶּ֑נּוּ וּֽבְשַׁוְּע֖וֹ אֵלָ֣יו שָׁמֵֽעַ |- | style="text-align:right" |26 | style="text-align:right" |מֵֽאִתְּךָ֣ תְֽהִלָּ֫תִ֥י בְּקָהָ֣ל רָ֑ב נְדָרַ֥י אֲשַׁלֵּ֗ם נֶ֣גֶד יְרֵאָֽיו |- | style="text-align:right" |27 | style="text-align:right" |<nowiki>יֹֽאכְל֚וּ עֲנָוִ֨ים | וְיִשְׂבָּ֗עוּ יְהַֽלְל֣וּ יְ֖הֹוָה דֹּֽרְשָׁ֑יו יְחִ֖י לְבַבְכֶ֣ם לָעַֽד</nowiki> |- | style="text-align:right" |28 | style="text-align:right" |<nowiki>יִזְכְּר֚וּ | וְיָשֻׁ֣בוּ אֶל־יְ֖הֹוָה כָּל־אַפְסֵי־אָ֑רֶץ וְיִשְׁתַּֽחֲו֥וּ לְ֜פָנֶ֗יךָ כָּל־מִשְׁפְּח֥וֹת גּוֹיִֽם</nowiki> |- | style="text-align:right" |29 | style="text-align:right" |כִּ֣י לַֽ֖יהֹוָה הַמְּלוּכָ֑ה וּ֜מוֹשֵׁ֗ל בַּגּוֹיִֽם |- | style="text-align:right" |30 | style="text-align:right" |<nowiki>אָֽכְל֬וּ וַיִּֽשְׁתַּֽחֲו֨וּ | כָּל־דִּשְׁנֵי־אֶ֗רֶץ לְפָנָ֣יו יִ֖כְרְעוּ כָּל־יוֹרְדֵ֣י עָפָ֑ר וְ֜נַפְשׁ֗וֹ לֹ֣א חִיָּֽה</nowiki> |- | style="text-align:right" |31 | style="text-align:right" |זֶ֥רַע יַֽעַבְדֶ֑נּוּ יְסֻפַּ֖ר לַֽאדֹנָ֣י לַדּֽוֹר |- | style="text-align:right" |32 | style="text-align:right" |יָבֹאוּ וְיַגִּ֣ידוּ צִדְקָת֑וֹ לְעַ֥ם נ֜וֹלָ֗ד כִּ֣י עָשָֽׂה |- |} === Ntughari eze James === ::: Nye onye isi egwu n'elu Aijeleth Shahar, Abụ Ọma nke Devid. # Chineke m, Chineke m, gịnị mere ị ji gbahapụ m? gịnị mere ị ga-eji ghara inyere m aka, na okwu m na-eme mkpọtụ? # O Chineke m, ana m akwa ákwá n'ehihie, mana ị naghị anụ; n'abalị, anaghịkwa agbachi nkịtị. # Ma ị dị nsọ, O gị nke bi n'ebube nke Izrel. # Nna anyị tụkwasịrị gị obi: ha tụkwasịrị obi, ị napụtakwara ha. # Ha tiri gị mkpu, a napụkwara ha: ha tụkwasịrị gị obi, ha ejighịkwa ha. # Ma abụ m ikpuru, ọ bụghịkwa nwoke; ịkatọ ndị mmadụ, na-eleda ndị mmadụ anya. # Ha niile hụrụ m ka m na-achị ọchị iji kwera m: ha na-agbapụ egbugbere ọnụ, ha na-ama jijiji, na-asị, # O tụkwasịrị Onyenwe anyị obi na ọ ga-anapụta ya: ka ọ napụta ya, na-ahụ na ọ na-atọ ya ụtọ. # Ma ị bụ onye wepụrụ m n'afọ: ị mere m olileanya mgbe m nọ n'obi nne m. # A tụbara m n'elu gị site n'afọ: ị bụ Chineke m site n'ụra nne m. # Ejila m n'ebe dị anya; n'ihi na nsogbu dị nso; n'ezie, ọ dịghị onye ga-enyere m aka. # Ọtụtụ ehi agafeela m: ehi siri ike nke Bashan agbaala m gburugburu. # Ha ji ọnụ ha na-agba m gburugburu, dị ka ọdụm na-agụụ ọnụ na-eme mkpọtụ. # A na-awụpụ m dị ka mmiri, ọkpụkpụ m niile enweghị nkwonkwo: obi m dị ka wax; ọ na-agbaze n'etiti eriri afọ m. # Ike m kpọnwụrụ akpọnwụ dị ka ite; ire m na-agbaji n'ọnụ m; ị kpọgakwara m n'ime ájá ọnwụ. # N'ihi na nkịta agafeela m: nzukọ nke ndị ajọ omume agbakwunyere m: ha agbaala aka m na ụkwụ m. # Enwere m ike ịgwa ọkpụkpụ m niile: ha na-ele m anya ma na-ele anya. # Ha na-ekewa uwe m n'etiti ha, ma tụba uwe m. # Ma ka ị ghara ịnọ n'ebe dị anya site n'ebe m nọ, Jehova, O ike m, mee ka ị dịrị m ọsọ. # Nnapụta mkpụrụ obi m n'aka mma agha; onye m hụrụ n'anya n'aka ike nkịta. # Zọpụta m n'ọnụ ọdụm: n'ihi na ị nụrụ m site na mpi nke unicorns. # Aga m agwa ụmụnne m aha gị: n'etiti ọgbakọ, m ga-eto gị. # Unu ndị na-atụ Onyenwe anyị egwu, too ya; unu niile mkpụrụ Jekọb, too ya, unu niile, wee too ya, ma tụọ ya egwu, unu niile bụ mkpụrụ Izrel. # N'ihi na o nlelịghị ma ọ bụ kpọọ ahụhụ ndị ahụ asị; o zochighị ihu ya n'ebe ọ nọ; mana mgbe o tiri ya ákwá, ọ nụrụ ya. # Ekele m ga-eto gị n'ime nnukwu ọgbakọ ahụ: Aga m eme nkwa m n'ihu ha na-atụ egwu ya. # Ndị dị umeala n'obi ga-eri nri ma nwee afọ ojuju: ha ga-eto Onyenwe anyị nke na-achọ ya: obi gị ga-adị ndụ ruo mgbe ebighị ebi. # Ọgwụgwụ ụwa niile ga-echeta ma tụgharịa n'ihu Onyenwe anyị: ndị ikwu mba niile ga-efe ofufe n'ihu gị. # N'ihi na alaeze ahụ bụ nke Onyenwe anyị: ọ bụkwa gọvanọ n'etiti mba ndị ahụ. # Ndị niile buru ibu n'ụwa ga-eri ma na-efe ofufe: ndị niile gbadatara n'ájá ga-efuru isi ala n'ihu ya: ọ dịghịkwa onye nwere ike ime ka mkpụrụ obi ya dị ndụ. # Otu mkpụrụ ga-ejere ya ozi; a ga-agwa Onyenwe anyị maka otu ọgbọ. # Ha ga-abịa, ha ga-ekwupụta ezi omume ya nye ndị a ga-amụ, na o mere nke a. === Ihe odide Agba Ọhụrụ === Agba Ọhụrụ na-ezo aka n'ọtụtụ Abụ Ọma nke 22, ọkachasị n'oge a kpọgidere Jizọs n'obe. Amaokwu 1, "Chineke m, Chineke m, gịnị mere i ji gbahapụ m?", ka e hotara na Mak 15:34; Matiu 27:46 Codex Vaticanus sụgharịrị nke a n'ụzọ dị iche na ederede Grik.<ref name="appkirkpatrick">{{Cite book|author=Kirkpatrick|first=A. F.|authorlink=Alexander Kirkpatrick|title=The Book of Psalms: with Introduction and Notes|series=The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges|location=Cambridge|publisher=At the University Press|year=1901|pages=838|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SLJzlHElr6cC|accessdate=February 28, 2019}}</ref> Codex Vaticanus Matiu 27.46 nwere: Eloey, Eloey, lema sabaktanei nke yiri Abụ Ọma 22 ochie nke Syriac ''Alóhi'' lmóno shbáqthoni. Codex Vaticanus Mark 15.34 nwere: Eloi, Eloi, lama zabafthanei nke kwekọrọ na Abụ Ọma nke Hibru 22 (English) ''Eli'', Elí, láma azavtháni. Amaokwu 7, "Ha na-akparị, na-ama jijiji isi ha", ka e hotara na Mak 15:29; Matiu 27:39<ref name="appkirkpatrick"/> Amaokwu 8, "Ọ tụkwasịrị Onyenwe anyị obi na ọ ga-anapụta ya: ka ọ napụta ya, na-ahụ na ọ na-enwe obi ụtọ n'ebe ọ nọ", ka e hotara na Matiu 27:43.<ref name="appkirkpatrick"/> Amaokwu 18, "Ha kewara uwe m n'etiti ha ma tụfuo uwe m", ka e hotara na Mak 15:24; Matiu 27:35; Luk 23:34; Jọn 19:24<ref name="appkirkpatrick"/> Amaokwu 22, "M ga-ekwupụta aha gị nye [http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Hebrews%202:12 ndị]<ref name="appkirkpatrick"/> m; na mgbakọ ahụ m ga-eto gị", ka e hotara ndị Hibru 2:12 == Ojiji == [[Usòrò:Folio_150r_-_Psalm_XXI.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|292x292px|Abụ oma 22 na Les Très Riches Heures du duc de Berry, Folio 150r - Abụ Ọma nke XXI (Vulgate) na Musée Condé, Chantilly.]] === Okpukpe ndị Juu === A na-agụ abụ ọma nke 22 n'oge ọnụ Esta, n'ụbọchị bu Purim ụzọ.<ref>''The Artscroll Tehillim'', p. 329</ref> A na-agụ abụ ọma a n'oge ozi ụlọ nzukọ na Purim site n'ìgwè dị iche iche. Ndị Juu Sephardi na Mizrahi na-ekwu Abụ Ọma nke 22 na mbido ozi mgbede na Purim night. Ndị Juu Sephardi na Mizrahi, yana ndị Juu Ashkenazi na-agbaso ''nusach'' nke Vilna Gaon, na-agụ Abụ Ọma nke 22 dị ka Abụ nke Ụbọchị na ozi ụtụtụ Purim.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.etzion.org.il/en/shiur-22-psalm-22-my-god-my-god-why-have-you-forsaken-me-complaint-supplication-and-thanksgiving|title=Shiur #22: Psalm 22 - "My God, My God, Why Have You Forsaken Me" Complaint, Supplication, and Thanksgiving Appendix: Psalm 22 and Purim|first=Rabbi Elchanan|author=Samet|accessdate=July 27, 2018|publisher=eshivat Har Etzion|archivedate=August 16, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190816145944/https://www.etzion.org.il/en/shiur-22-psalm-22-my-god-my-god-why-have-you-forsaken-me-complaint-supplication-and-thanksgiving}}</ref><ref name="shimush"/> Amaokwu nke 4 bụ akụkụ nke paragraf mmalite nke Uva letzion.<ref name="shimush"/><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=etK8tgEACAAJ&q=126|title=The Complete Artscroll Siddur|first=Rabbi Nosson|author=Scherman|year=2003|publisher=[[Artscroll|Mesorah Publications, Ltd.]]|isbn=9780899066509|edition=3rd}}</ref> A na-agụ amaokwu 12 n'oge Selichot.<ref name="shimush">{{Cite web|url=https://www.halakhah.com/rst/pesukim.pdf|title=Shimush Pesukim|first=Reuven|author=Brauner|year=2013|accessdate=July 27, 2018|publisher=Eclectic Torah Compilations}}</ref> A na-ahụ amaokwu 26 na nzaghachi nke Amidah na ozi ụtụtụ Rosh Hashanah.<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Complete Artscroll Machzor – Rosh Hashanah|first=Rabbi Nosson|author=Scherman|year=1985|publisher=[[Artscroll|Mesorah Publications, Ltd.]]|isbn=0-89906-676-3|edition=1st}}</ref> Amaokwu 29 bụ akụkụ nke Abụ nke Oké Osimiri, nke a na-agụ n'oge Pesukei dezimra n'ekpere ụtụtụ. A na-ekwukwa amaokwu a n'oge Mussaf na Rosh Hashanah.<ref name="shimush"/> === Iso Ụzọ Kraịst === Dị ka Oziọma Matiu na Oziọma Mak si kwuo, Jizọs tiri amaokwu mmalite nke Abụ Ọma nke 22 site n'obe (Mati 27:46; Mak 15:34). [1] Ọ bụ ezie na Jizọs kwuru amaokwu mbụ ya naanị na nrụgide ya, a kwadoro nke ọma na a ghọtara okwu mbụ ma ọ bụ okwu nke ederede ndị Juu dị ka ihe na-egosi ya n'ozuzu ya, ya mere o weere abụ ọma ahụ dum dị ka ihe ngosi nke agụụ na mbilite n'ọnwụ ya.<ref>See for examples: Albright, W. F. "A Catalogue of Early Hebrew Lyric Poems (Psalm LXVIII)," HUCA 23 (1950-51) 1-39; Menn 2000, p. 331.</ref><ref>Tkacz, Catherine Brown, [https://www.jstor.org/stable/43726400 "Esther, Jesus, and Psalm 22"], ''The Catholic Biblical Quarterly'' Vol. 70, No. 4 (October 2008), pp. 709–728</ref> YNdị Kraịst na-ekwu na "Ha agbaala aka m na ụkwụ m" (Abụ Ọma 22:16), na "Enwere m ike ịgụta ọkpụkpụ m niile" (Abụ ọma 22:17) bụ amụma na-egosi ụzọ e si kpọgide Jizọs n'obe (Jọn 20:25) na, dị ka ihe ndị Levitik chọrọ maka ịchụ àjà si dị, na ọ dịghị ọkpụkpụ ya ga-agbaji (Ọnụọ 9:11-13).<ref>See for examples: Menn 2000, pp. 301–341; and Brown, Raymond E. (1994) ''Death of the Messiah: From Gethsemane to the Grave; A Commentary on the Passion Narratives in the Four Gospels'' (2 vols.; Anchor Bible Reference Library; New York: Doubleday) 2. 1455–1465.</ref> (Ndị Kraịst na-ele Jizọs anya dị ka àjà mgbaghara.) Ụfọdụ ndị na-akọwa ihe nke Ndị Kraịst, dị ka E. W. Bullinger's Companion Bible Notes, na H. A. Ironside, na-ekwu na okwu a sụgharịrị 'ikpuru' na "[http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=psalm%2022:16&version=NKJV Abụ] m ikpuru ọ bụghị mmadụ" (Abụ Ọma 22:6) bụ tola, ikpuru nke Middle East nke bi n'osisi ma na-egwepịa ya maka ''ihe'' na-acha ọbara ọbara, nke a sụgharịghị 'crimson'.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/bul/psalms-22.html|title=Psalms 22 - E. W. Bullinger's Companion Bible Notes - Bible Commentaries}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/isn/psalms-22.html|title=Psalms 22 - Ironside's Notes on Selected Books - Bible Commentaries}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://biblehub.com/hebrew/strongs_8438.htm|title=Strong's Hebrew: 8438. תּוֹלָע (Tola)—43 Occurrences}}</ref> Ọ bụkwa okwu e ji mee ihe na (Aịsaịa 41:14) n'abụ ohu nke Aịsaịa. Nke a ga-ekwekọ n'echiche nke onye na-ata ahụhụ ịbụ àjà mgbaghara, na-anwụ n'elu osisi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblestudytools.com/encyclopedias/isbe/worm-scarlet-worm.html|title=Worm; Scarlet-Worm - International Standard Bible Encyclopedia}}</ref> Oziọma anọ ahụ niile na-akọ na ndị agha Rom na-atụ nza maka uwe Jizọs (Mete 27:35; Mak 15:24; Luk 23:34; Jọn 19:24). Jọn na-akọ ihe ndị agha mere n'asụsụ nke abụ ọma ahụ, wee kwuo na ihe ndị agha ahụ mere "ka e mezuo akụkụ Akwụkwọ Nsọ ahụ," wee soro ya ozugbo site n'ihota Abụ Ọma 22:19 ("Ha kewara uwe m n'etiti ha, ha tụkwara maka uwe m".Ọpụpụ ọzọ Oziọma Matiu na Codex Amiatinus na ihe odide Latin ndị ọzọ nwere otu ahịrịokwu (adịghị ahụ na Grik ma ọ bụ, o doro anya, na nsụgharị mbụ nke Jerome nke Vulgate), na njedebe nke Matiu 27:35 "ut [ad]impleretur quod dictum est per prophetam dicentem 'Miserunt sortem...'" ("ka ihe e kwuru site na onye amụma ahụ ga-emezu, 'Ha tụbara lọtrị.<ref>Menn 2000, p. 332.</ref>..'"Ọpụpụ ọzọ<ref>Tkacz 2008, p. 716</ref> Jerome jikọtara ntụziaka Jizọs na ndị na-eso ụzọ, "Gwa ụmụnne m (''nuntiate fratribus meis'') " izute Jizọs na Galili (Matiu 28:10) na Abụ Ọma 22:23: "M ga-agwa ụmụnne m aha gị (''Adnuntiabo'') (''fratribus meis'')."<ref>Jerome Comm. Matt. 4.1969-72 (CC Series Latina 77, 281). ''apud'' Tkacz 2008, p. 716</ref> ==== Chọọchị Katọlik ==== Na Roman Rite, tupu mmejuputa nke Mas nke Paul VI, a na-abụ abụ ọma a na Stripping of the Altar na Maundy Thursday iji gosipụta iwepụ uwe Kraịst tupu obe. E bu ụzọ ma soro abụ ọma ahụ site na antiphon "Diviserunt sibi vestimenta mea: et super vestem meam miserunt sortem" (Ha kewara uwe m n'etiti ha ma tụfuo uwe m). A machibidoro ịbụ abụ ọma a na mmezigharị 1970 na Mas. A ka na-etinye ya n'ọtụtụ akụkụ nke Anglican Communion. Kemgbe Middle Ages, a na-eme abụ ọma a n'oge ememe nke vigils dimanche, dịka Iwu St. Benedict setịpụrụ na 530, dịka St. Benedicte nke Nursia nyere Abụ Ọma 21 (20) 109 (108) ọfịs vigils, "ha niile na-anọdụ ala na iwu".<ref>Psautier latin-français du bréviaire monastique, p. 62, 1938/2003</ref><ref>[http://www.abbaye-montdescats.fr/?page_id=1887 "La distribution des Psaumes dans la Règle de Saint Benoît"].</ref><ref>traduction de Prosper Guéranger, ''Règle de saint Benoît'', (Abbaye Saint-Pierre de Solesmes, réimpression 2007) p. 39.</ref> 5Na pre-Tridentine Divine Office, a na-ekwu Abụ Ọma na Sunday na Prime. Popu Pius V weghachiri ya na Fraịdee. Na Ọfịs Chineke nke dị ugbu a nke e wepụtara na 1971 (Liturgy of the Hours), site na mgbochi nke Prime, e weghachiri ọ n'etiti ụbọchị (Terce, Sext, ma ọ bụ None) na Fraịde nke izu nke atọ.<ref>The main cycle of liturgical prayers takes place over four weeks.</ref> ==== Akwụkwọ Ekpere A Na-ekpọrọ Okpukpe ==== Na Church of England's Book of Common Prayer, a họpụtara abụ ọma a ka a gụọ ya n'uhuruchi nke ụbọchị nke anọ n'ọnwa, yana na Mattins na Good Friday.<ref>Church of England, [https://www.churchofengland.org/sites/default/files/2019-10/The%20Book%20of%20Common%20Prayer%201662.pdf Book of Common Prayer: The Psalter] as printed by [[John Baskerville]] in 1762, pp. 196ff</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=The Book of Common Prayer: Proper Psalms On Certain Days|url=https://www.churchofengland.org/sites/default/files/2017-10/1-table-proper-lessons.pdf|work=The Church of England|accessdate=19 April 2023|pages=6}}</ref> ==== Chọọchị Ọtọdọks nke Ọwụwa Anyanwụ ==== Na Chọọchị Ọtọdọks, Abụ Ọma bụ akụkụ nke Kathisma nke Atọ, nke a na-abụ abụ na Sọnde ọ bụla (ma e wezụga Pascha) na Matins na elekere nke atọ na Wednesday na Lent, ma e wezụga na izu nke ise mgbe a na-agụ ya n'elekere mbụ. A na-abụkwa abụ ọma ahụ na Royal Hours of Good Friday. N'ime agụmakwụkwọ, a na-ewere Abụ Ọma nke 22 dị ka nke sitere na ihe mejupụtara. A ghọtara na ọ bụ ihe dị n'amaokwu 1-22/23, na amaokwu 23/24-32 nke gụnyere mgbakwunye mgbe e mesịrị. Nnyocha ọzọ na-ekwukwa na amaokwu 4-6 dị ka akụkụ nke mgbakwunye ikpeazụ, ma chọta ọkwa nke atọ nke mmepe nchịkọta akụkọ na amaokwu 28-32. Ezigbo ọdịiche dị n'etiti akụkụ abụọ bụ isi nke abụ ọma ahụ bụkwa arụmụka, ebe amaokwu 23 na-agụ mgbe ụfọdụ dị ka akụkụ nke abụ ọma mbụ, mana mgbe ụfọdụ dị na akụkụ nke mgbakwunye ikpeazụ. A na-eche na abụ ọma mbụ (ihe dị ka 2-22/23) sitere n'oge tupu ndị agha, ya bụ, tupu mbibi Babilọn nke [[Jerusalem]] na 587 BC. Akụkụ nke abụọ, n'ihi nnapụta dị ịrịba ama nke [[Israel]], enwere ike ịgbakwunye ya naanị n'oge a chụgara ya. Akụkụ kachasị ọhụrụ nke ihe mejupụtara (ihe dị ka 28-32), n'ihi echiche ya zuru ụwa ọnụ, a na-ewere ya dị ka nke sitere n'oge Hellenistic, ma eleghị anya na ngwụcha narị afọ nke anọ BC. Ajụjụ mkparị, mkpesa "ihe kpatara" nke nhụjuanya (amaokwu 2) na Abụ Ọma nke 22 na-emetụta mmetụta miri emi nke enweghị nsọpụrụ n'ihu nhụjuaka na ọtụtụ mkpagbu site n'aka ndị iro. N'ihi enweghị mgbagwoju anya nke arịrịọ a na-eme site na akụkụ mbụ nke abụ ọma ọ ghọrọ ihe akaebe na-adịghị agwụ agwụ nke na-emetụta ọtụtụ ọnọdụ nke mkpagbu. A na-eji otuto (v. 4), ihe nzuzo (v. 5-6, 10-11) na arịrịọ (v. 20-22) mechie mkpesa banyere enweghị Chineke. In the new testament Jesus cites psalm 22 shortly before his dealth on the cross to take himself the psalm petitioner and to own accord ing to Jewish tradition the entire content of the psal. Chronologically this is considered problematic inasmuch as Jesus The second person of the trinity can hardly say that God has forsaken him However as in the psalm apparent abandonment by God is not the end Rather in both cases there is the sudden And abrupt rescue of the petitioner by God In the new testament through Jesus resurrection the usual division of the psalm into action part and praise or thanksgiving part Therefore is interpreted by some to anticipate in crucifixion and the resurrection == Hụkwa == * Ayelet HaShahar kibbutz dị n'ebe ugwu Israel, nke pụtara n'ụzọ nkịtị "ind nke chi ọbụbọ", nke nwetara aha ya site n'isi nke abụ ọma ahụ. * Amụma Ndị Kraịst nke Mesaịa * Ịkpọgide Jizọs n'obe * Devid * Eli, Eli (disambiguation) * Eli Eli Lama Sabachthani? * ''Kermes ilicis'' ma ọ bụ ''Kermes vermilio'' * Okwu Jizọs n'obe * Ha agbaala aka m na ụkwụ m * Akụkụ [[Akwụkwọ Nsọ|Bible]] ndị metụtara ya: Aịsaịa 1, Aịsaịa 53, Zakariya 12, Matiu 27, Mak 15, Luk 1, Luk 23, Jọn 19, Ndị Hibru 2, Mkpughe 1 == Ihe odide nkọwa == <references group="lower-alpha" responsive="1"></references> == Ihe ndị e dere n'akwụkwọ == <references responsive="0"></references> == Ebe ndị a kpọtụrụ aha == * 6{{Cite book|author=Brown|first=Raymond E.|authorlink=Raymond E. Brown|year=1994|title=Death of the Messiah: From Gethsemane to the Grave; A Commentary on the Passion Narratives in the Four Gospels|edition=2 vols|series=[[Anchor Bible Series|Anchor Bible Reference Library]]|location=Garden City, NY|publisher=Doubleday|date=1994|isbn=978-0385193962|oclc=27432279|url=https://archive.org/details/deathofmessiahvo00raym|pages=1455–1465}} * {{Cite journal|author=Menn|first=Esther M.|year=2000|title=No Ordinary Lament: Relecture and Identity of the Distressed in Psalm 22|journal=Harvard Theological Review|volume=93|issue=4|pages=301–341|doi=10.1017/S0017816000016370}} * N'ihi ya, ọ ga-abụrịrị na ọ bụ n'oge ahụ ka a ga-anọ n'obodo ahụ. == Njikọ mpụga == * Pieces with text from Psalm 22: Scores at the International Music Score Library Project * Psalm 22: Free scores at the Choral Public Domain Library (ChoralWiki) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230407033842/https://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt2622.htm Abụ Ọma nke 22 na Parallel English (JPS translation) na Hibru] * Ihe odide nke Abụ Ọma nke 22 dị ka Akwụkwọ Abụ Ọma nke [https://web.archive.org/web/20230715022602/http://www.commonprayer.org/offices/psalter/psalm22.cfm 1928] si kwuo * Chineke m, Chineke m, gịnị mere ị ji gbahapụ m? ederede na ihe odide ala ala, usccb.org United States Conference of Catholic Bishops * [https://www.biblestudytools.com/commentaries/treasury-of-david/psalms-22-1.html Abụ Ọma] 22:1 mmeghe na ederede, biblestudytools.com * Abụ Ọma nke 22 - Ohu Chineke A gbahapụrụ, A napụtara ya, na Mmeri enduringword.com * Abụ Ọma nke 22 / Refrain: Ejila m n'ebe dị anya, O Onyenwe anyị. Chọọchị England * [http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=psalm%2022 Abụ Ọma nke 22] na biblegateway.com * Hymns for Psalm 22 hymnary.org * [https://www.unitedfaithchurch.org/god-inhabits-the-praises-of-his-people/ Abụ Ọma nke 22] Ihe omume Podcast Ndị Kraịst i0ok7ybqq1b2m107n1iqgp6mw299nsc 0 28157 632294 539028 2026-05-08T11:47:34Z Goodymaraj 21567 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:2|0|0 */ 632294 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Before_and_after_comparison_of_weight_loss_2015-06-25.png|thumb|Ibu ibu]]  {{Human body weight}} Mbelata ịdị arọ, n'ihe gbasara ọgwụ, ahụike, ma ọ bụ ahụike, na-ezo aka na mbelata nke oke ahụ, site na mbelata mmiri, abụba ahụ (anụ ahụ gbakwunyere), ma ọ bụ obere '''ibu''' (ya bụ, ọkpụkpụ mineral deposits, muscle, tendon, na anụ ahụ njikọ ndị ọzọ). Mbelata ibu nwere ike ime n'amaghị ama n'ihi nsogbu nri na-edozi ahụ ma ọ bụ ọrịa dị n'ime ya, ma ọ bụ site na mgbalị a na-eme iji melite oke ibu ma ọ bụ ọnọdụ buru oke ibu. "Ọnwụ ibu a na-akọwaghị akọwa" nke na-esoghị na mbelata nke calorific iri nri ma ọ bụ mmega ahụ a na-akpọ cachexia ma nwee ike ịbụ mgbaàmà nke ọnọdụ ahụike siri ike.   == Ihe ama a ma mee == Ịma n'obi ibu ibu bụ ịla n'iyi n'ibu ahụ n'ihi mgbalị iji melite ahụike na ahụike, ma ọ bụ ịgbanwe ọdịdị site na ịkpụcha. Mbelata ibu bụ ọgwụgwọ bụ isi maka oke ibu, ma enwere ihe akaebe siri ike nke a nwere ike igbochi ọganihu site na prediabetes gaa na ụdị ọrịa shuga nke 2 na 7-10% ibu ibu ibu ma jikwaa ahụike obi maka ndị na-arịa ọrịa shuga na 5-15% ibu ibu ibu ibu.<ref name="USDietaryGuidelines2015">{{Cite web|author=US Department of Health and Human Services.|title=2015–2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans - health.gov|url=https://health.gov/dietaryguidelines/2015/|work=health.gov|publisher=Skyhorse Publishing Inc.|accessdate=30 September 2019|date=2017|archivedate=6 November 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191106200014/https://health.gov/dietaryguidelines/2015/}}</ref><ref name="AACAHA2019">{{Cite journal|author=Arnett|first=Donna K.|title=2019 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease|journal=Circulation|volume=140|issue=11|pages=e596–e646|date=17 March 2019|doi=10.1161/CIR.0000000000000678|pmid=30879355}}</ref><ref name="USGuidelines2013">{{Cite journal|author=Jensen|first=MD|title=2013 AHA/ACC/TOS guideline for the management of overweight and obesity in adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and The Obesity Society.|journal=Circulation|date=24 June 2014|volume=129|issue=25 Suppl 2|pages=S102-38|doi=10.1161/01.cir.0000437739.71477.ee|pmid=24222017}}</ref><ref name="ADA2018">{{Cite journal|author=Evert|first=Alison B.|date=May 2019|title=Nutrition Therapy for Adults With Diabetes or Prediabetes: A Consensus Report|journal=Diabetes Care|volume=42|issue=5|pages=731–754|doi=10.2337/dci19-0014|pmid=31000505}}</ref> Ibu ibu n'ime ndị buru oke ibu ma ọ bụ buru oke ibu nwere ike belata ihe ize ndụ ahụike, mee ka ahụike dịkwuo mma, ma nwee ike igbu oge mmalite nke ọrịa shuga.<ref name="LeBlanc-AHRQ" /><ref name="IQWiG-health-benefits">{{Cite web|author=Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care|title=Health benefits of losing weight|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0004993/|work=Fact sheet, Informed Health Online|publisher=Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care|accessdate=27 June 2013}}</ref><ref name="LeBlanc-AHRQ">{{Cite journal|author=LeBlanc|first=E|title=Screening for and management of obesity and overweight in adults|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0016399/|journal=Evidence Syntheses, No. 89|accessdate=27 June 2013|date=October 2011|pmid=22049569}}</ref> Ọ nwere ike belata ihe mgbu ma mee ka mmegharị ahụ dịkwuo n'etiti ndị nwere ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo nke ikpere.<ref name="IQWiG-health-benefits" /> Mbelata ibu nwere ike iduga na mbelata ọbara mgbali elu (ọbara mgbali elu), agbanyeghị ma nke a na-ebelata mmerụ ahụ metụtara ọbara mgbali ala edoghị anya. [nchọpụta na-adaghị ada] A na-enweta mbelata ibu site na ịnakwere ụdị ndụ nke a na'eri calorie ole na ole karịa ka a na-emefu.<ref name="LeBlanc-AHRQ" /><ref name="nhs">{{Cite web|publisher=National Health Service|title=Health Weight – Understanding Calories|url=https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/healthy-weight/understanding-calories/|date=19 August 2016}}</ref> Ịda mbà n'obi, nrụgide ma ọ bụ ike ọgwụgwụ nwere ike itinye aka n'ịbawanye ibu, na n'ọnọdụ ndị a, a na-adụ ndị mmadụ ọdụ ka ha chọọ enyemaka ahụike.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/the-antidepressant-diet/201708/moods-overeating-good-bad-and-bored|title=Moods for Overeating: Good, Bad, and Bored|work=Psychology Today|language=en-US|accessdate=2018-10-17}}</ref> Nnyocha e mere n'afọ 2010 chọpụtara na ndị na-eri nri na-ehi ụra abalị zuru ezu tụfuru ihe karịrị okpukpu abụọ nke abụba karịa ndị na-enweghị ụra.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Nedeltcheva|first=AV|title=Insufficient sleep undermines dietary efforts to reduce adiposity|journal=Annals of Internal Medicine|volume=153|issue=7|pages=435–41|year=2010|pmid=20921542|doi=10.7326/0003-4819-153-7-201010050-00006}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Harmon, Katherine|url=https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/observations/sleep-might-help-dieters-shed-more-fat/|title=Sleep might help dieters shed more fat|work=Scientific American|date=4 October 2010|accessdate=20 October 2010}}</ref> Ọ bụ ezie na a na-eche na mgbakwunye vitamin D nwere ike inye aka, nnyocha anaghị akwado nke a.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Pathak|first=K.|date=2014-06-01|title=Vitamin D supplementation and body weight status: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials|pmid=24528624|journal=Obesity Reviews|volume=15|issue=6|pages=528–37|doi=10.1111/obr.12162|issn=1467-789X}}</ref> Ihe ka ọtụtụ n'ime ndị na-eri nri na-ebuwanye ibu n'ime ogologo oge.<ref>{{Cite journal|doi=10.1042/CS20120223|title=The defence of body weight: A physiological basis for weight regain after weight loss|year=2013|author=Sumithran|first=Priya|journal=Clinical Science|volume=124|issue=4|pages=231–41|pmid=23126426}}</ref> Dị ka UK National Health Service na Dietary Guidelines for Americans si kwuo, ndị na-enweta ma na-achịkwa ịdị arọ dị mma na-eme ya nke ọma site n'ịkpachara anya iri calorie zuru ezu iji gboo mkpa ha, na ịrụsi ọrụ ike.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://health.gov/dietaryguidelines/2015/guidelines/executive-summary/|title=Executive Summary|work=Dietary Guidelines 2015–2020|accessdate=2 May 2016|archivedate=19 March 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190319142322/https://health.gov/dietaryguidelines/2015/guidelines/executive-summary/}}</ref><ref name="nhs" /> Maka ibu ibu ka ọ bụrụ nke na-adịgide adịgide, mgbanwe na nri na ụzọ ndụ ga-abụkwa nke na-adịghị adịgide adịgide.<ref name="Hart2018">{{Cite book|author=Hart|first=Katherine|editor=Hankey|title=Advanced nutrition and dietetics in obesity|date=2018|publisher=Wiley|isbn=9780470670767|pages=177–182|language=en|chapter=4.6 Fad diets and fasting for weight loss in obesity.}}</ref><ref name="Hanky2017">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ky5ADwAAQBAJ|title=Advanced Nutrition and Dietetics in Obesity|author=Hankey|first=Catherine|date=2017-11-23|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=9781118857977|pages=179–181|language=en}}</ref><ref name="bda">{{Cite web|url=https://www.bda.uk.com/foodfacts/faddiets.pdf|title=Fact Sheet—Fad diets|year=2014|publisher=British Dietetic Association|accessdate=12 December 2015|quote=Fad-diets can be tempting as they offer a quick-fix to a long-term problem.}}</ref> E nwere ihe akaebe na ndụmọdụ ma ọ bụ mmega ahụ naanị anaghị akpata ibu ibu, ebe naanị iri nri na-ebute ibu ibu ogologo oge, na njikọta nke iri nri na mmega ahụ na-enye nsonaazụ kachasị mma.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=The Look AHEAD Research Group|date=2014|title=Eight-year weight losses with an intensive lifestyle intervention: The look AHEAD study: 8-Year Weight Losses in Look AHEAD|journal=Obesity|language=en|volume=22|issue=1|pages=5–13|doi=10.1002/oby.20662|pmid=24307184}}</ref> Ntinye nri, orlistat, nri na-enweghị calorie, na nlekọta ahụike siri ike nwekwara ike ịkwado ibu ibu.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Thom|first=G|title=Is There an Optimal Diet for Weight Management and Metabolic Health?|journal=Gastroenterology|date=May 2017|volume=152|issue=7|pages=1739–1751|doi=10.1053/j.gastro.2017.01.056|pmid=28214525|url=http://eprints.gla.ac.uk/137779/7/137779.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Katzmarzyk|first=Peter T.|date=2020-09-03|title=Weight Loss in Underserved Patients — A Cluster-Randomized Trial|journal=New England Journal of Medicine|language=en|volume=383|issue=10|pages=909–918|doi=10.1056/NEJMoa2007448|issn=0028-4793|pmid=32877581}}</ref> === Usoro === [[Usòrò:Obesity_Med2008.JPG|alt=The cardboard packaging of two medications used to treat obesity. Orlistat is shown above under the brand name Xenical in a white package with Roche branding. Sibutramine is below under the brand name Meridia. Orlistat is also available as Alli in the United Kingdom. The A of the Abbott Laboratories logo is on the bottom half of the package.|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Orlistat (Xenical), ọgwụ a na-ejikarị agwọ oke ibu na sibutramine (Meridia), ọgwụ a kwụsịrị n'ihi mmetụta ndị ọzọ nke obi]] ==== Nri na mmega ahụ ==== Ụzọ ndị na-adịchaghị arọ, na ndị a na-atụkarị aro, bụ mgbanwe na usoro iri nri na mmụba nke mmega ahụ, n'ozuzu n'ụdị mmega ahụ.<ref name="vark">{{Cite journal|author=Varkevisser|first=R. D. M.|title=Determinants of weight loss maintenance: a systematic review|journal=Obesity Reviews|volume=20|issue=2|date=2018-10-16|issn=1467-7881|pmid=30324651|doi=10.1111/obr.12772|pages=171–211}}</ref> Òtù Ahụ Ike Ụwa na-atụ aro ka ndị mmadụ jikọta mbelata nke nri ndị a na-edozi nke nwere abụba, shuga na [[Ńnú|nnu]], yana mbelata iri calorie na mmụba nke mmega ahụ.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/2814253.stm|title=World Health Organization recommends eating less processed food|work=BBC News|date=3 March 2003}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/weight-management/choosing-a-safe-successful-weight-loss-program|title=Choosing a safe and successful weight loss program|work=Weight-control Information Network|publisher=National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases|date=July 2017|accessdate=2020-07-17}}</ref> Ma mmemme mmega ahụ ogologo oge na ọgwụ mgbochi oke ibu na-ebelata abụba dị n'afọ.<ref name="Rao">{{Cite journal|author=Rao|first=S|title=Effect of Exercise and Pharmacological Interventions on Visceral Adiposity: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Long-term Randomized Controlled Trials.|journal=Mayo Clinic Proceedings|volume=94|issue=2|year=2019|pages=211–224|pmid=30711119|doi=10.1016/j.mayocp.2018.09.019}}</ref> Nnyocha onwe onye nke nri, mmega ahụ, na ịdị arọ bụ usoro bara uru maka ịdị arọ, ọkachasị n'oge mmemme ịdị arọ.<ref name="vark" /><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Burke|first=Lora E.|date=2011|title=Self-Monitoring in Weight Loss: A Systematic Review of the Literature|journal=Journal of the American Dietetic Association|language=en|volume=111|issue=1|pages=92–102|doi=10.1016/j.jada.2010.10.008|pmid=21185970}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Steinberg|first=Dori M.|date=2013|title=The efficacy of a daily self-weighing weight loss intervention using smart scales and e-mail: Daily Self-Weighing Weight Loss Intervention|journal=Obesity|language=en|volume=21|issue=9|pages=1789–97|doi=10.1002/oby.20396|pmid=23512320}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Krukowski|first=Rebecca A.|date=2013|title=Patterns of success: Online self-monitoring in a web-based behavioral weight control program.|journal=Health Psychology|language=en|volume=32|issue=2|pages=164–170|doi=10.1037/a0028135|issn=1930-7810|pmid=22545978}}</ref> Nnyocha na-egosi na ndị na-ede nri ha ihe dị ka ugboro atọ n'ụbọchị na ihe dị ka okpukpu iri abụọ n'ọnwa nwere ike ịbawanye ibu.<ref name="vark" /><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Harvey|first=Jean|date=2019|title=Log Often, Lose More: Electronic Dietary Self-Monitoring for Weight Loss: Log Often, Lose More|journal=Obesity|language=en|volume=27|issue=3|pages=380–384|doi=10.1002/oby.22382|pmid=30801989}}</ref> Mbelata ịdị arọ na-adịgide adịgide na-adabere n'ịnọgide na-enwe nguzozi ike na-adịghị mma ọ bụghị ụdị macronutrients (dị ka carbohydrate) a na-eri.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Bayer|first=Sandra|title=Carbohydrate intake – current knowledge on weight management|journal=Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care|date=July 2022|volume=25|issue=4|pages=265–270|doi=10.1097/MCO.0000000000000840|pmid=35762163|issn=1363-1950}}</ref> Nri protein dị elu egosila ịdị irè dị ukwuu n'oge dị mkpirikpi (n'okpuru ọnwa 12) maka ndị mmadụ na-eri ''ad libitum'' n'ihi mmụba nke okpomọkụ na afọ ojuju, agbanyeghị mmetụta a na-apụ n'anya ka oge na-aga.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Magkos|first=Faidon|title=Protein-Rich Diets for Weight Loss Maintenance|journal=Current Obesity Reports|date=2020|volume=9|issue=3|pages=213–218|doi=10.1007/s13679-020-00391-0|pmid=32542589}}</ref> ==== Ọgwụ ==== Ụzọ ndị ọzọ e si eme ka mmadụ belata ibu na-agụnye iji ọgwụ ndị na-egbochi oke ibu nke na-ebelata agụụ, na-egide ịmịkọrọ abụba, ma ọ bụ na-ebepụ ọnụ ọgụgụ afọ. Ibu oke ibu anọwo na-eguzogide ọgwụgwọ dabere na ọgwụ, na nyocha 2021 na-ekwu na ọgwụ ndị dị ugbu a "na-enyekarị ọrụ na-ezughị ezu na nchekwa a na-enyo enyo".<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Müller|first=Timo D.|title=Anti-obesity drug discovery: advances and challenges|journal=Nature Reviews Drug Discovery|date=2022|volume=21|issue=3|pages=201–223|doi=10.1038/s41573-021-00337-8|pmid=34815532|language=en|issn=1474-1784}}</ref> ==== Ịwa ahụ n'ahụ ==== Enwere ike igosi ịwa ahụ bariatric n'ọnọdụ oke ibu. Usoro ịwa ahụ abụọ a na-ahụkarị bụ gastric bypass na gastric banding.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Albgomi|title=Bariatric Surgery Highlights and Facts|url=http://www.bariatricguide.org/what-is-bariatric-surgery/|work=Bariatric Surgery Information Guide|publisher=bariatricguide.org|accessdate=13 June 2013|archivedate=6 December 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131206230954/http://www.bariatricguide.org/what-is-bariatric-surgery/}}</ref> Ha abụọ nwere ike ịdị irè n'ibelata ike nri site n'i belata ogo afọ, mana dịka usoro ịwa ahụ ọ bụla, ha abụọ nwere ihe ize ndụ nke ha nke a ga-atụle na ndụmọdụ na dọkịta.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/gastric-bypass/my00825/dsection=risks|title=Gastric bypass risks|publisher=Mayo Clinic|date=2009-02-09}}</ref> === Ụlọ ọrụ na-ebelata ibu === E nwere nnukwu ahịa maka ngwaahịa ndị na-azọrọ na ha na-eme ka ibu dịkwuo mfe, ngwa ngwa, dị ọnụ ala, bụrụ ihe a pụrụ ịdabere na ya, ma ọ bụ ghara ịdị arọ. Ndị a gụnyere akwụkwọ, DVD, CD, cremes, lotions, ọgwụ, mgbaaka na ọla ntị, mkpuchi ahụ, belt na ihe ndị ọzọ, ebe mmega ahụ, ụlọ ọgwụ, ndị nkuzi onwe onye, ìgwè ndị na-ebelata ibu, na ngwaahịa nri na ihe mgbakwunye.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~dms/wgtloss.html|publisher=[[US Food and Drug Administration]]|title=The facts about weight loss products and programs|work=DHHS Publication No (FDA) 92-1189|year=1992|accessdate=2013-05-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060926035920/http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~dms/wgtloss.html|archivedate=26 September 2006}}</ref> Ihe mgbakwunye nri, ọ bụ ezie na a na-eji ya eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe, anaghị ele ya anya dị ka nhọrọ dị mma maka ibu ibu, ọ nweghịkwa ihe akaebe ahụike nke ịdị irè.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Weight control behaviors among adult men and women: Cause for concern?|author=Neumark-Sztainer|first=Dianne|journal=Obesity Research|volume=7|issue=2|pages=179–88|date=March 1999|doi=10.1002/j.1550-8528.1999.tb00700.x|pmid=10102255}}</ref> E gosighi na ọgwụ ahịhịa dị irè.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Maunder|first=Alison|date=2020-01-27|title=Effectiveness of herbal medicines for weight loss: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials|journal=Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism|volume=22|issue=6|pages=891–903|doi=10.1111/dom.13973|issn=1463-1326|pmid=31984610}}</ref> N'afọ 2008, a na-emefu n'etiti ijeri US $ 33 na ijeri $ 55 kwa afọ na US na ngwaahịa na ọrụ ndị na-ebelata ibu, gụnyere usoro ahụike na ọgwụ, na ebe ndị na-eburu ibu na-ewere n'etiti pasent 6 na 12 nke ngụkọta mmefu kwa afọ. A na-emefu ihe karịrị ijeri $ 1.6 kwa afọ na mgbakwunye na-ebelata ibu. Ihe dị ka pasent 70 nke mgbalị iri nri ndị America bụ nke enyemaka onwe onye.<ref name="F">{{Cite web|url=https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/07/100712103445.htm|title=No evidence that popular slimming supplements facilitate weight loss, new research finds|date=14 July 2010|accessdate=2010-07-19}}</ref> N'Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ Europe, ahịa nke ngwaahịa ndị na-ebelata ibu, ewezuga ọgwụ ndị e dere ede, gafere ijeri euro 1.25 (£ 900 nde / $ 1.4 ijeri) na 2009.<ref name="F"/> Eziokwu sayensị nke nri azụmahịa site n'aka ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka ibu ahịa dịgasị iche iche, n'ịbụ ndị na-adabereghị na ihe akaebe, yabụ enwere naanị ihe akaebe pere mpe na-akwado ojiji ha, n'ihi ọnụego dị elu.<ref name="Thom2017">{{Cite journal|author=Thom|first=G|title=Is There an Optimal Diet for Weight Management and Metabolic Health?|journal=Gastroenterology|date=May 2017|volume=152|issue=7|pages=1739–1751|doi=10.1053/j.gastro.2017.01.056|pmid=28214525|url=http://eprints.gla.ac.uk/137779/7/137779.pdf}}</ref><ref name="Wadden2012">{{Cite journal|author=Wadden|first=Thomas A.|title=Lifestyle Modification for Obesity|journal=Circulation|date=6 March 2012|volume=125|issue=9|pages=1157–1170|doi=10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.039453|pmid=22392863}}</ref><ref name="Atallah2014">{{Cite journal|author=Atallah|first=R.|title=Long-Term Effects of 4 Popular Diets on Weight Loss and Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials|journal=Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes|date=11 November 2014|volume=7|issue=6|pages=815–827|doi=10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.113.000723|pmid=25387778}}</ref><ref name="Avery2018">{{Cite book|author=Avery|first=Amanda|editor=Hankey|title=Advanced nutrition and dietetics in obesity|date=2018|publisher=Wiley|isbn=9780470670767|pages=177–182|language=en|chapter=4.7 Commercial weight management organisations for weight loss in obesity.}}</ref><ref name="Tsai2005">{{Cite journal|author=Tsai|first=AG|title=Systematic review: an evaluation of major commercial weight loss programs in the United States.|journal=Annals of Internal Medicine|date=4 January 2005|volume=142|issue=1|pages=56–66|doi=10.7326/0003-4819-142-1-200501040-00012|pmid=15630109}}</ref><ref name="Allan2018">{{Cite book|author=Allan|first=Karen|editor=Hankey|title=Advanced nutrition and dietetics in obesity|date=2018|publisher=Wiley|isbn=9780470670767|pages=164–168|language=en|chapter=4.4 Group‐based interventions for weight loss in obesity.}}</ref> Nri azụmaahịa na-akpata obere ibu n'oge na-adịghị anya, na nsonaazụ yiri nke ahụ n'agbanyeghị akara, yana n'otu aka ahụ na nri ndị na-abụghị nke azụmahịa na nlekọta ọkọlọtọ.<ref name="Atallah2014" /><ref name="Tsai2005" /><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Vakil|first=RM|title=Direct comparisons of commercial weight-loss programs on weight, waist circumference, and blood pressure: a systematic review.|journal=BMC Public Health|date=1 June 2016|volume=16|pages=460|doi=10.1186/s12889-016-3112-z|pmid=27246464}}</ref><ref name="Gud2015" /><ref name="Thom2017" /><ref name="USGuidelines2013"/> Usoro nri zuru oke, na-enye ndụmọdụ na ebumnuche maka iri calorie, dị irè karịa iri nri na-enweghị nduzi ("onwe-enyere aka"), ọ bụ ezie na ihe akaebe ahụ pere mpe.<ref name="Thom2017" /><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Kernan|first=Walter N.|title=Obesity - A Stubbornly Obvious Target for Stroke Prevention|journal=Stroke|date=January 2013|volume=44|issue=1|pages=278–286|doi=10.1161/STROKEAHA.111.639922|pmid=23111440}}</ref><ref name="Gud2015">{{Cite journal|author=Gudzune|first=KA|title=Efficacy of commercial weight-loss programs: an updated systematic review.|journal=[[Annals of Internal Medicine]]|date=7 April 2015|volume=162|issue=7|pages=501–512|pmid=25844997|doi=10.7326/M14-2238}}</ref><ref name="Allan2018" /> National Institute for Health and Care Excellence chepụtara usoro ihe ndị dị mkpa nke ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka nlekọta ibu azụmahịa ga-ezute iji kwado.<ref name="Avery2018" /> == Amaghi ama == Ịnọda ibu n'amaghị ama nwere ike ịpụta site na ọnwụ nke abụba ahụ, ọnwụ nke mmiri ahụ, nkwarụ nke uru ahụ, ma ọ bụ ngwakọta nke ndị a.<ref name="NCI-PDQ" /><ref name="Huffman-2002">{{Cite journal|author=Huffman|first=GB|title=Evaluating and treating unintentional weight loss in the elderly|journal=American Family Physician|date=15 February 2002|volume=65|issue=4|pages=640–50|pmid=11871682}}</ref> A na-ewere ya dị ka nsogbu ahụike mgbe ọ dịkarịa ala 10% nke ịdị arọ nke ahụ mmadụ efunahụla n'ime ọnwa isii ma ọ bụ 5% n'ọnwa gara aga.<ref name="NCI-PDQ">{{Cite journal|author=National Cancer Institute|title=Nutrition in cancer care (PDQ)|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0032688/|journal=Physician Data Query|accessdate=3 July 2013|date=November 2011|pmid=26389293}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/roleofnutritioni0000inst|title=The role of nutrition in maintaining health in the nation's elderly: evaluating coverage of nutrition services for the Medicare population|publisher=National Academies Press|author=Institute of Medicine (U.S.). Committee on Nutrition Services for Medicare Beneficiaries|isbn=978-0-309-06846-8|date=2000-06-09}}</ref> Ụkpụrụ ọzọ a na-eji atụle ịdị arọ nke dị ala bụ body mass index (BMI).<ref name="NICE-NutrSupport"/> Otú ọ dị, ọbụna obere ibu ibu nwere ike ịbụ ihe kpatara nchegbu siri ike na onye agadi na-adịghị ike.<ref name="Yaxley-2012">{{Cite journal|author=Yaxley|first=A|title=Pharmacological interventions for geriatric cachexia: a narrative review of the literature.|journal=The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging|date=February 2012|volume=16|issue=2|pages=148–54|pmid=22323350|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0052255/|doi=10.1007/s12603-011-0083-8}}</ref> Ịdị arọ n'amaghị ama nwere ike ime n'ihi nri na-adịghị edozi ahụ nke ọma na mkpa ike nke mmadụ (nke a na-akpọkarị [[Agụụ|nsogbu nri na-edozi ahụ]]). Usoro ọrịa, mgbanwe na metabolism, mgbanwe homonụ, ọgwụ ma ọ bụ ọgwụgwọ ndị ọzọ, mgbanwe nri metụtara ọrịa ma ọ bụ usoro ọgwụgwọ, ma ọ bụ mbelata agụụ na-emetụta ọrịa ma ọ dị ọgwụgwọ nwekwara ike ịkpata ibu ibu na-enweghị isi.<ref name="NCI-PDQ"/><ref name="Huffman-2002"/><ref name="Itoh-2013">{{Cite journal|author=Itoh|first=M|title=Undernutrition in patients with COPD and its treatment|journal=Nutrients|date=18 April 2013|volume=5|issue=4|pages=1316–35|pmid=23598440|doi=10.3390/nu5041316}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Mangili A, Murman DH, Zampini AM, Wanke CA|title=Nutrition and HIV infection: review of weight loss and wasting in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy from the nutrition for healthy living cohort|journal=Clin. Infect. Dis.|volume=42|issue=6|pages=836–42|year=2006|pmid=16477562|doi=10.1086/500398}}</ref><ref name="Nygaard-2010">{{Cite journal|author=Nygaard|first=B|title=Hyperthyroidism (primary)|journal=Clinical Evidence|date=19 July 2010|volume=2010|pmid=21418670|pages=0611}}</ref> Ojiji na-adịghị mma nke ihe oriri nwere ike ibute ibu, ọ pụkwara ibute site na fistulae na eriri afọ, [[afọ ọsịsa]], mmekọrịta ọgwụ na-edozi ahụ, enzyme depletion na muscle atrophy. Ịnọgide na-ebelata ibu nwere ike ịka njọ n'imebi, ọnọdụ akọwapụtara nke ọma a na-akpọ cachexia.<ref name="Yaxley-2012"/> Cachexia dị iche na agụụ n'akụkụ ụfọdụ n'ihi na ọ na-agụnye mmeghachi omume mgbu.<ref name="Yaxley-2012" /> A na-ejikọta ya na nsonaazụ ndị na-adịghị mma.<ref name="NCI-PDQ"/><ref name="Yaxley-2012" /><ref name="Itoh-2013"/> N'oge dị elu nke ọrịa na-aga n'ihu, metabolism nwere ike ịgbanwe ka ha wee belata ibu ọbụna mgbe ha na-enweta ihe a na-ewere dị ka nri na-edozi ahụ na ahụ enweghị ike ịkwụ ụgwọ. Nke a na-eduga n'ọnọdụ a na-akpọ anorexia cachexia syndrome (ACS) na nri na-edozi ahụ ma ọ bụ mgbakwunye agaghị enyere aka. Mgbaàmà nke ibu ibu site na ACS gụnyere oke ibu ibu site n'ike karịa abụba ahụ, enweghị agụụ na mmetụta nke afọ ojuju mgbe ha risịrị obere ihe, agbọ onunu, [[Ịdị ụkọ ọbara|ụkọ ọbara]], adịghị ike na ike ọgwụgwụ.<ref name="Payne 2012" /> Mbelata ịdị arọ dị njọ nwere ike belata ogo ndụ, mebie ịdị irè nke ọgwụgwọ ma ọ bụ mgbake, mee ka usoro ọrịa ka njọ ma bụrụ ihe ize ndụ maka ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu nke ọnwụ.<ref name="NCI-PDQ"/><ref name="Yaxley-2012"/> Nsogbu na-edozi ahụ nwere ike imetụta ọrụ ọ bụla nke ahụ mmadụ, site na mkpụrụ ndụ ruo ọrụ kachasị mgbagwoju anya nke ahụ, gụnyere:<ref name="NICE-NutrSupport"/> * mmeghachi omume nke usoro ahụike; * ọgwụgwọ ọnyá; * ike nke uru ahụ (gụnyere uru iku ume); * ikike akụrụ na mbelata na-eduga na nsogbu mmiri na electrolyte; * njikwa okpomọkụ; na * ịhụ nsọ. Nsogbu na-edozi ahụ nwere ike ibute vitamin na ụkọ ndị ọzọ na enweghị ọrụ, nke n'aka nke ya nwere ike ibu ụzọ nweta nsogbu ndị ọzọ, dị ka ọnyá nrụgide.<ref name="NICE-NutrSupport">{{Cite journal|author=National Collaborating Centre for Acute Care (UK)|title=Nutrition Support for Adults: Oral Nutrition Support, Enteral Tube Feeding and Parenteral Nutrition|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0009169/|journal=NICE Clinical Guidelines, No. 32|date=February 2006}}</ref> Ịdị arọ n'amaghị ama nwere ike ịbụ ihe na-eduga na nchọpụta nke ọrịa dịka ọrịa kansa na ụdị ọrịa shuga 1.<ref name="NCI-PDQ"/><ref name="NICE-Diabetes-2004">{{Cite book|author=National Collaborating Centre for Chronic Conditions (UK)|title=Type 1 diabetes in adults: National clinical guideline for diagnosis and management in primary and secondary care|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0016045/|publisher=Royal College of Physicians UK|accessdate=3 July 2013|isbn=978-1860162282|year=2004}}</ref> Na UK, ihe ruru 5% nke ndị bi n'ozuzu ha erughị oke, mana ihe karịrị 10% nke ndị nwere ọrịa akpa ume ma ọ bụ eriri afọ na ndị a wara ahụ n'oge na-adịbeghị anya.<ref name="NICE-NutrSupport" /> Dabere na data na UK site na iji Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool ('MUST'), nke na-agụnye ibu ibu na-enweghị isi, ihe karịrị 10% nke ndị karịrị afọ 65 nọ n'ihe ize ndụ nke nsogbu nri na-edozi ahụ.<ref name="NICE-NutrSupport" /> Ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu (10-60%) nke ndị ọrịa ụlọ ọgwụ nọkwa n'ihe ize ndụ, yana ọnụ ọgụgụ yiri nke ahụ n'ụlọ nlekọta.<ref name="NICE-NutrSupport" /> === Ihe na-akpata oria === Enwere ike ịtụle nsogbu na-edozi ahụ metụtara ọrịa n'ụdị anọ:<ref name="NICE-NutrSupport"/> {| class="wikitable" style="float: right; margin-left:15px; text-align:left" !Nsogbu !Ihe kpatara ya |- |Enweghị ike iri nri |Nri na-adịghị mma nwere ike ịbụ ihe mgbaàmà nke ọrịa, ma ọ bụ ọrịa nwere ike ime ka iri nri na-egbu mgbu ma ọ bụ na-akpata agbọ onunu. Ọrịa nwekwara ike ịkpata enweghị nri. Enweghị ike iri nri nwere ike ịpụta site na: mbelata nke ịma ihe ma ọ bụ mgbagwoju anya, ma ọ bụ nsogbu anụ ahụ na-emetụta aka ma ọ bụ aka, ilo ma ọ bụ ịta. A pụkwara itinye ihe mgbochi iri nri dị ka akụkụ nke ọgwụgwọ ma ọ bụ nyocha. Enweghị nri nwere ike ịpụta site na: ịda ogbenye, ihe isi ike n'ịzụ ahịa ma ọ bụ isi nri, na nri na-adịghị mma. |- |Nsogbu ịgbari nri na/ma ọ bụ ịmịkọrọ |Nke a nwere ike ịpụta site na ọnọdụ na-emetụta usoro mgbari nri. |- |Ihe ndị a chọrọ gbanwere |Mgbanwe na ihe ndị metabolic chọrọ nwere ike ibute ọrịa, ịwa ahụ na dysfunction nke akụkụ ahụ. |- |Ihe oriri na-edozi ahụ gabigara ókè |Mfu site na eriri afọ nwere ike ime n'ihi mgbaàmà dịka ịgbọ agbọ ma ọ bụ afọ ọsịsa, yana fistulae na stomas. Enwere ike ịnwe mfu site na nsị, gụnyere tubes nasogastric. Mfu ndị ọzọ: Ọnọdụ ndị dị ka ọkụ nwere ike ijikọta ya na mfu ndị dị ka akpụkpọ ahụ. |- |} * Ka ọrịa na-adịghị ala ala (COPD) na-aga n'ihu, ihe dị ka 35% nke ndị ọrịa na-enwe oke ibu a na-akpọ pulmonary cachexia, gụnyere mbelata nke uru ahụ.<ref name="Itoh-2013"/> Ihe dị ka pasent iri abụọ na ise na-enwe oke ibu, ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ na-ebelata ibu.<ref name="Itoh-2013" /> A na-ejikọta ibu ibu karịa na amụma dị ala.<ref name="Itoh-2013" /> Echiche banyere ihe ndị na-enye aka gụnyere enweghị agụụ nke metụtara ọrụ dị ala, ike ọzọ achọrọ maka iku ume, na ihe isi ike nke iri nri na dyspnea (ikuku siri ike).<ref name="Itoh-2013" /> * Ọrịa kansa, ihe a na-ahụkarị na mgbe ụfọdụ na-egbu egbu na-akpata ibu na-enweghị nkọwa (idiopathic). Ihe dị ka otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ nke ibu ibu na-enweghị isi bụ nke abụọ na malignancy. Ọrịa kansa a ga-enyo enyo na ndị ọrịa na-enweghị nkọwa na-agụnye gastrointestinal, prostate, hepatobiliary (hepatocellular carcinoma, pancreatic cancer), ovarian, hematologic ma ọ bụ malignancies akpa ume. * Ndị na-arịa nje HIV na-enwekarị ibu ibu, ọ na-ejikọkwa ya na nsonaazụ dị ala.<ref name="Mangili 2006">{{Cite journal|author=Mangili|first=A|title=Nutrition and HIV infection: review of weight loss and wasting in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy from the nutrition for healthy living cohort|journal=Clinical Infectious Diseases|date=15 March 2006|volume=42|issue=6|pages=836–42|pmid=16477562|doi=10.1086/500398}}</ref> Nsogbu ịla n'iyi bụ ọnọdụ na-akọwa ọrịa AIDS.<ref name="Mangili 2006" /> * Nsogbu gastrointestinal bụ ihe ọzọ a na-ahụkarị na-akpata ibu ibu a na-akọwaghị - n'ezie ha bụ ihe kachasị njọ na-abụghị ọrịa kansa na-akpatakarị ibu idiopathic. [citation needed] ndị nwere ike ibu na-akparaghị ókè nke ibu na-enweghị nkọwa gụnyere: ọrịa celiac, ọrịa ulcer, ọrịa eriri afọ mgbu (ọrịa crohn na ulcerative colitis), pancreatitis, gastritis, afọ ọsịsa, chronic mesenteric ischemia<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Bakhtiar|first=A|title=Weight Loss: A Significant Cue To The Diagnosis of Chronic Mesenteric Ischemia.|journal=Cureus|date=7 August 2019|volume=11|issue=8|pages=e5335|doi=10.7759/cureus.5335|pmid=31598442}}</ref> na ọtụtụ ọnọdụ GI ndị ọzọ. * Ọrịa. Ụfọdụ ọrịa na-efe efe nwere ike ime ka ibu ghara ịdị arọ. Ọrịa fungus, endocarditis, ọtụtụ ọrịa parasitic, AIDS, na ụfọdụ ọrịa ndị ọzọ na-adịghị njọ ma ọ bụ nke na-eme anwansi nwere ike ịkpata ibu. * Ọrịa akụrụ. Ndị ọrịa na-arịa uremia na-enwekarị agụụ na-adịghị mma ma ọ bụ enweghị agụụ, ịgbọ agbọ na agbọ onunu. Nke a nwere ike ime ka ibu dị arọ. * Ọrịa obi. Ọrịa obi, ọkachasị nkụchi obi, nwere ike ịkpata ibu ibu na-enweghị nkọwa. * Ọrịa nke anụ ahụ na-ejikọta * Nsogbu ọnụ, ụtọ ma ọ bụ ezé (gụnyere ọrịa) nwere ike belata iri nri na-edozi ahụ nke na-eduga n'ibu. ==== Mmekọrịta ọgwụgwọ ==== Ọgwụgwọ ahụike nwere ike ịkpata ibu ibu n'onwe ya ma ọ bụ n'ụzọ na-apụtaghị ìhè, na-emebi ịdị irè nke ọgwụgwọ na mgbake nke cycle Many patients will be in pain and have a loss of appetite after surgery Part of the body's response to surgery is to direct energy to wound healing which increases the body's overall energy Requirements. Surgery effects nutritional status indirectly particularly during the recovery period ad it can interfere with wound healing and other aspects of recovery Surgery directly affects nutritional status if a procedure permanently alters the digestive system (Tube feeding)Is otten needed. However a policy of nil by mouth for all gastrointestinal surgery has not been shown to benefit with some weak evidence. Early post operative nutrition is a part of enhanced recovery after surgery protocols. These protocols also include carbohydrate loading in the 24hours before surgery but earlier nutritional intervention have not been shown to have a significant impact ==== Ọnọdụ mmadụ ==== Ọnọdụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya dị ka ịda ogbenye, nnọpụiche na enweghị ike inweta ma ọ bụ kwadebe nri kachasị amasị ya nwere ike ịkpata ibu ibu na-enweghị isi, nke a nwere ike ịbụ ihe a na-ahụkarị na ndị agadi.<ref name="Alibhai 2005">{{Cite journal|author=Alibhai|first=SM|title=An approach to the management of unintentional weight loss in elderly people|journal=Canadian Medical Association Journal|date=15 March 2005|volume=172|issue=6|pages=773–80|pmid=15767612|doi=10.1503/cmaj.1031527}}</ref> Ọdịbendị, ezinụlọ na usoro nkwenkwe nwekwara ike imetụta iri nri. Ezé ezé na-adịghị mma na nsogbu ezé ma ọ bụ nke ọnụ ndị ọzọ nwekwara ike imetụta nri na-edozi ahụ.<ref name="Payne 2012">{{cite journal|last=Payne|first=C|author2=Wiffen, PJ |author3=Martin, S |title=Interventions for fatigue and weight loss in adults with advanced progressive illness|journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews|date=18 January 2012|volume=1|article-number=CD008427|pmid=22258985|doi=10.1002/14651858.CD008427.pub2|s2cid=261730608|editor1-last=Payne|editor1-first=Cathy}} {{Retracted|doi=10.1002/14651858.CD008427.pub3|pmid=28387447|intentional=yes}}</ref> Enweghị olileanya, ọnọdụ ma ọ bụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na nsogbu ime mmụọ nwere ike ịkpata ịda mbà n'obi, nke nwere ike ijikọta ya na mbelata nri na-edozi ahụ, dịka ike ọgwụgwụ. == Akụkọ ifo == E gosipụtara ụfọdụ nkwenkwe ndị a ma ama na-ejikọta ya na ibu ibu ibu nwere mmetụta dị ala na ibu ibu karịa ka a na-ekwere ma ọ bụ na-adịghị mma. Dị ka Harvard Health si kwuo, echiche nke metabolic rate ịbụ "isi ihe dị arọ" bụ "akụkụ eziokwu na akụkụ akụkọ ifo" dịka mgbe metabolism na-emetụta ịdị arọ, ike mpụga dị ka nri na mmega ahụ nwere mmetụta hà nhata.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.health.harvard.edu/diet-and-weight-loss/does-metabolism-matter-in-weight-loss|title=Does Metabolism Matter in Weight Loss?|work=Harvard Health|accessdate=2018-06-18|language=en-US}}</ref> Ha kwukwara na echiche nke ịgbanwe ọnụego metabolism nke mmadụ nọ n'okpuru arụmụka.<ref name=":0" /> A na-ekwerekarị atụmatụ nri na magazin ahụike dị irè mana ọ nwere ike imerụ ahụ n'ezie site na ibelata iri calorie na ihe oriri dị mkpa kwa ụbọchị nke nwere ike imenye mmadụ ahụ dabere na onye ahụ ma nwedịrị ike ịchụpụ ndị mmadụ n'ibu.<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Gale Encyclopedia of Senior Health|author=Long|first=Jacqueline|publisher=Gale|year=2015|isbn=978-1573027526|location=Detroit, MI}}</ref> == Mmetụta ahụike == Ibu oke ibu na-eme ka ihe ize ndụ ahụike dịkwuo ukwuu, gụnyere ọrịa shuga, ọrịa obi, ọbara mgbali elu, na ọrịa imeju na-abụghị mmanya na-aba n'anya, ịkpọ aha ole na ole. Mbelata oke ibu na-ebelata ihe ize ndụ ndị ahụ. A na-ejikọta mbelata 1-kg nke ịdị arọ nke ahụ na ihe dịka 1-mm Hg na ọbara mgbali elu.<ref name="HarshaBray2008">{{Cite journal|author=Harsha|first=D. W.|title=Weight Loss and Blood Pressure Control (Pro)|journal=Hypertension|volume=51|issue=6|year=2008|pages=1420–25|issn=0194-911X|doi=10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.107.094011|pmid=18474829}}</ref> A na-ejikọta mbelata ibu na mmelite arụmọrụ ọgụgụ isi na ndị buru oke ibu na ndị buru ibu.<ref name="Veronese2017">{{Cite journal|author=Veronese|first=N|title=Weight loss is associated with improvements in cognitive function among overweight and obese people: A systematic review and meta-analysis.|journal=Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews|date=January 2017|volume=72|pages=87–94|doi=10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.11.017|pmid=27890688|url=http://arro.anglia.ac.uk/701220/1/Veronese%20et%20al%202016%20NBBR%20weight%20loss%20and%20cognition%20accepted.pdf}}</ref> == Hụkwazie == * Anorexia * Ịṅụ sịga maka ibu * Nri * Mmega ahụ * Ibu ibu == Edensibia == <references responsive="1"></references> {{Authority control}} fuf023skjhedtzuymqjygrpoa4scjv5 0 28552 632250 187115 2026-05-07T21:27:35Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 632250 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Karim Asad Ahmad Khan''' KC (amụrụ na 30 Machị 1970) bụ onye ọka iwu Britain na-ahụ maka iwu mpụ mba ụwa na iwu ikike mmadụ mba ụwa, onye jere ozi dị ka onye ọkàiwu nke Ụlọikpe Mpụ Mba Nile kemgbe 2021. Mgbe odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke United Nations, António Guterres, họpụtara ya, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka osote odeakwụkwọ ukwu United Nations ma rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye ndụmọdụ pụrụ iche na onye isi nke United Nations Investigative Team iji kwalite ịza ajụjụ maka mpụ ndị Daesh / ISIL mere na Iraq (UNITAD), nke e guzobere dịka mkpebi nke Kansụl Nchebe 2379 (2017) iji kwado mbọ mba iji mee ka ISIL (Daesh) nwee ịza ajụjụ banyere omume ndị nwere ike ịbụ mpụ agha, mgbukpọ agbụrụ, na mpụ megide mmadụ na Iraq.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.un.org/sg/en/content/sg/personnel-appointments/2018-05-31/mr-karim-asad-ahmad-khan-united-kingdom-special-adviser|title=Mr. Karim Asad Ahmad Khan of the United Kingdom - Special Adviser of the Investigative Team established pursuant to Security Council resolution 2379 (2017) &#124; United Nations Secretary-General|work=www.un.org}}</ref><ref name=":0">Michelle Nichols (August 23, 2018), [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-crisis-iraq-un/u-n-team-approved-a-year-ago-starts-work-on-islamic-state-crimes-in-iraq-idUSKCN1L81UO U.N. team, approved a year ago, starts work on Islamic State crimes in Iraq] ''[[Reuters]]''.</ref> Na 12 Febụwarị 2021, a họpụtara Khan ka ọ bụrụ onye isi ndị ọkàiwu nke Ụlọikpe Mpụ Mba Nile (ICC).<ref name="guardian elected">{{Cite news|title=British barrister Karim Khan elected ICC's new chief prosecutor|url=https://www.theguardian.com/law/2021/feb/12/karim-khan-international-criminal-court-prosecutor|accessdate=14 February 2023|work=the Guardian|date=12 February 2021|language=en}}</ref> == Agụmakwụkwọ na mmalite ọrụ == Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Silcoates School, Khan nwetara akara LLB na AKC na King's College London.<ref>"Khan, Karim Asad Ahmad, (born 30 March 1970), QC 2011; barrister; a Recorder, since 2018; Chief Prosecutor, International Criminal Court, since 2021." </ref> Lincoln's Inn kpọrọ ya ka ọ bụrụ onye ọka iwu nke England na Wales n'afọ 1992. O mechara gaa Wolfson College na Mahadum Oxford dị ka onye na-achọ Doctoral (D.Phil.) na iwu, ọ bụ ezie na ọ gụchaghị akwụkwọ ahụ ma ghara ịnwe Doctorate. N'agbata afọ 1993 na 1996 Khan bụ onye ọkàiwu Crown na Crown Prosecution Service nke England na Wales, yana onye ọkàiwo Crown Senior na 1995.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cps.gov.uk/|title=The Crown Prosecution Service &#124; The Crown Prosecution Service|work=www.cps.gov.uk}}</ref> == Ọrụ iwu mba ụwa == Site na 1997, Khan rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye ọrụ iwu na Ọfịs nke onye ọkàiwu na International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY) n'etiti afọ 1997 na 1998. O mechara rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye ndụmọdụ iwu na Ọfịs onye ọkàiwu na International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) ruo n'afọ 2000.<ref>{{Cite web|title=ICC: New chief prosecutor divides opinions in Africa – DW – 06/15/2021|url=https://www.dw.com/en/icc-new-chief-prosecutor-divides-opinions-in-africa/a-57892882|accessdate=2023-03-18|work=dw.com|language=en}}</ref> N'agbata afọ 2006 na afọ 2007, Khan bụ onye isi ndụmọdụ nke onye bụbu onye isi ala Liberia bụ Charles Taylor n'ihu Ụlọikpe Pụrụ Iche maka Sierra Leone (SCSL).<ref>{{Cite web|title=ICC: New chief prosecutor divides opinions in Africa – DW – 06/15/2021|url=https://www.dw.com/en/icc-new-chief-prosecutor-divides-opinions-in-africa/a-57892882|accessdate=2023-03-18|work=dw.com|language=en}}</ref> Khan nọrọ ọtụtụ afọ na-eduzi ikpe na International Criminal Court (ICC), International Criminal Tribunal maka Yugoslavia, International Criminal Tribune maka Rwanda, Extraordinary Chambers na Ụlọikpe nke Cambodia (ECCC), na Special Tribunal for Lebanon (STL). N'afọ 2008, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye ndụmọdụ nke onye bụbu onye nta akụkọ Le Monde Florence Hartmann, onye jere ozi dị ka onye isi na-ekwuchitere ICTY na onye ọkàiwu ICTR Carla del Ponte, mgbe a na-ebo ya ebubo nlelị ụlọ ikpe. N'agbata afọ 2008 na afọ 2010, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye ndụmọdụ na-eduzi n'ihu ICC na-anọchite anya onye ndú nnupụisi Sudan Bahr Idriss Abu Garda, onye mbụ a na-enyo enyo na ICC ji aka ya nyefee ikike nke Ụlọikpe ahụ. N'ọnwa Jenụwarị afọ 2011, a gwara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye ndụmọdụ na-anọchite anya Francis Muthaura n'ihu ICC n'ihe gbasara ime ihe ike na-eme mgbe ntuli aka gasịrị na 2007-2008. O mechara bụrụ onye ndụmọdụ maka osote onye isi ala Kenya William Ruto n'ihu ICC, na onye ndụmọdụ maka onye osote praịm minista Kosovo Fatmir Limaj n'ihu ụlọ ikpe EULEX na Kosovo site na 2014 ruo 2017. Ọ rụkwara ọrụ dị ka onye ndụmọdụ maka Saif al-Islam Gaddafi na Baghdadi Mahmudi na ICC. Khan nọchitere anya otu ndị ọka iwu na-ahụ maka ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ na-asụ Bekee na-ebo ebubo iyi ọha egwu na mmebi iwu ndị ọzọ n'ihu Ụlọikpe Ndị Agha na Yaoundé, Cameroon, dị ka onye ndụmọdụ mba ụwa site na Febụwarị 2017 ruo Septemba 2017. Ọ duziri ndị otu na-adụ ndị Cham na ndị Albania ọdụ n'ihe gbasara ịchụpụ ha na Gris, na iwepụ ihe onwunwe mgbe [[World War II|Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ]] gasịrị. Ọ bụ onye isi ndụmọdụ maka ikpe buru ibu na Sierra Leone nke sitere na ntinye aka ECOMOG na 1999-2002, ọ nọchitekwara anya karịrị 100,000 ndị na-azọrọ na ndị Kipsigi na Talai na Kenya na-achọ mgbaghara maka ebubo mmebi ikike mmadụ mere n'oge ọchịchị. Ruo June 2021, Khan nọ na Baghdad, Iraq, ma jee ozi dị ka onye ndụmọdụ pụrụ iche na onye isi nke ndị otu nyocha maka ndị otu nyocha nke United Nations maka ịkwalite ịza ajụjụ maka mpụ Da'esh / ISIL mere na Iraq (UNITAD), nke e guzobere dịka mkpebi 2379 (2017).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.securitycouncilreport.org/un-documents/document/sres2379.php|title=S/RES/2379 : UN Documents : Security Council Report|work=www.securitycouncilreport.org|accessdate=2019-02-03}}</ref> Khan duziri ndị otu ahụ n'ị nweta ikike ya na nchịkọta, nchekwa, na nchekwa nke akaebe metụtara mpụ Da'esh / ISIL mere; nkwalite n'ụwa niile nke ịza ajụjụ maka mpụ Da 'esh / IS IL mere; iji soro ndị lanarịrị rụọ ọrụ iji kwado mmasị ha n'ịza ajụjụ maka bampụ ndị a na-eme ha; iji kwanyere ọbụbụeze nke Gọọmentị Iraq n'ime nyocha a ùgwù. Khan zutere ndị isi gọọmentị, okpukpe, na obodo gafee Iraq dị ka akụkụ nke ọrụ ya na UNITAD.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.uniraq.org/index.php?option=com_k2&view=item&id=10340:mr-karim-a-a-khan-qc-special-adviser-and-head-of-unitad-meets-with-his-eminence-grand-ayatollah-ali-al-sistani&Itemid=605&lang=en|title=Mr. Karim A.A. Khan QC, Special Adviser and Head of UNITAD meets with His Eminence Grand Ayatollah Ali Al-Sistani|work=www.uniraq.org|language=en-gb|accessdate=2019-02-03|archivedate=2019-09-01|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190901035915/http://www.uniraq.org/index.php?option=com_k2&view=item&id=10340:mr-karim-a-a-khan-qc-special-adviser-and-head-of-unitad-meets-with-his-eminence-grand-ayatollah-ali-al-sistani&Itemid=605&lang=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/fc.iraqi/videos/2222943774595389/|title=المجمع الفقهي العراقي|work=www.facebook.com|language=en|accessdate=2019-02-03}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://saint-adday.com/?p=28263|title=وفد من الأمم المتحدة يزور البطريركية|work=البطريركية الكلدانية|language=ar|accessdate=2019-02-03}}</ref> N'ọnwa Febụwarị 2021, a họpụtara Khan ka ọ bụrụ onye isi ndị ọkàiwu nke Ụlọikpe Mpụ Mba Nile n'ime afọ itoolu n'oge ntuli aka nke abụọ, na-enweta votu site na steeti 72 n'ime steeti 123 (62 dị mkpa). Khan bụ onye isi ọkàiwu nke atọ a họpụtara n'akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ICC, na onye mbụ a họpụtara site na ntuli aka nzuzo. United Kingdom họpụtara Khan.<ref name="guardian elected"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.un.org/en/story/2021/02/1084582|title=British human rights lawyer elected chief prosecutor of the International Criminal Court|date=February 12, 2021|work=UN News|accessdate=August 6, 2023|archivedate=March 21, 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230321202456/https://news.un.org/en/story/2021/02/1084582}}</ref> Ọ malitere ọrụ na June 2021, na-anọchi [[Fatou Bensouda]]. Na Septemba 2021, ọ maliteghachiri nyocha maka mpụ ndị Taliban na Islamic State mere na Khorassan na [[Afghanistan]] nke a kwụsịtụrụ n'oge opupu ihe ubi 2020 na arịrịọ nke gọọmentị Kabul. N'aka nke ọzọ, onye ọkàiwu ahụ kpebiri "ịhapụ ihe ndị dị mkpa" nyocha metụtara mpụ agha na Afghanistan nke ndị agha mba ụwa mere, ọkachasị US, kemgbe afọ 2003. Ọ kwadoro nhọrọ a site na obere ego nke ICC.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Stéphanie Maupas|title=The ICC prosecutor suspends the investigation into torture in secret CIA prisons|work=[[Le Monde]]|date=2021-09-28|url=https://www.lemonde.fr/international/article/2021/09/28/le-procureur-de-la-cpi-suspend-l-enquete-sur-les-tortures-dans-les-prisons-secretes-de-la-cia_6096318_3210.html|accessdate=29 September 2021}}</ref> N'ọnwa Eprel 2022, Khan kwuru banyere agha ahụ na Ukraine: "Anyị nwere ezi ihe mere anyị ji kwere na a na-eme mpụ n'ime ikike ụlọ ikpe ahụ".<ref> {{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/live/world-europe-61075759|title=Crime scene' call Court|date=13 April 2022|work=BBC News}}</ref> Mgbe ọnwa iri na otu gachara, o tinyere akwụkwọ maka akwụkwọ ikike ijide mmadụ abụọ na-ebo Vladimir Putin na [[Maria Lvova-Belova]] ebubo na ha mebiri iwu abụọ nke Rome Statute megide nchụpụ, mbufe na ijide ndị mmadụ.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Borger|first=Julian|title=ICC to issue first arrest warrants linked to Russia's invasion of Ukraine|url=https://www.theguardian.com/law/2023/mar/13/icc-to-issue-first-arrest-warrants-linked-to-russias-invasion-of-ukraine|work=The Guardian|date=13 March 2023|publisher=Guardian News & Media Limited|accessdate=14 March 2023}}</ref> Na nzaghachi, Russia nyere ikike maka ijide Khan.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Russia adds ICC prosecutor who sought Putin's arrest to wanted list|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/russia-adds-icc-judge-who-issued-putin-warrant-wanted-list-media-2023-05-19/}}</ref> == Other activities == N'agbata afọ 1996 na 1997, Khan bụ onye otu Law Commission nke England na Wales. Ọ bụ onye otu ndụ nke Human Rights Institute, International Bar Association (IBA), na onye isi nke Peace and Justice Initiative, otu NGO nke dị na Hague lekwasịrị anya na mmejuputa iwu Rome nke International Criminal Court na mba.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.peaceandjusticeinitiative.org/pji-directors|title=PJI Directors - Peace and Justice Initiative|work=www.peaceandjusticeinitiative.org|accessdate=2023-08-06|archivedate=2022-09-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220925073323/http://www.peaceandjusticeinitiative.org/pji-directors}}</ref> Khan jere ozi ruo n'afọ 2018 dị ka onye otu kansụl na kọmitii ndị merụrụ ahụ nke International Criminal Court Bar Association, ọ bụkwa onye isi oche nke ICCBA site na June 2017 ruo June 2018. Na ngwụcha ọrụ ya, a họpụtara Khan dị ka onye isi oche mbụ nke ICCBA.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.iccba-abcpi.org/honorarypresidents|title=ICCBA-ABCPI &#124; Welcome - Bienvenue|accessdate=22 August 2018|archivedate=22 August 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180822113803/https://www.iccba-abcpi.org/honorarypresidents}}</ref> N'ọnwa Julaị afọ 2018, a nabatara ya dị ka onye nnọchi anya ụwa nke African Bar Association. A họpụtara Khan ka ọ bụrụ onye ndụmọdụ eze nwanyị n'afọ 2011. Ọ bụ onye otu Temple Garden Chambers London. == Ndụ onwe onye == A mụrụ nna Khan, onye ndụmọdụ na-ahụ maka akpụkpọ ahụ, na Mardan, British India (nke bụzi Pakistan).<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|date=25 January 1997|title=Saeed Ahmad Khan Bernard Hugh Pentney Harry Munro Archibald Roger Cooper Francis Thomas ("Frank") Doleman Malvina ("Malca") Harris Muwaffak Abdul Hussain Andrew Waring Jowett Richard Baillie ("Dick") Laidlaw Frances Elizabeth O'Connor-Wilson (Nee O'Connor) Thomas Richardson Alfred Sands ("Alf") Rogen Thomas Edward Tasker Pauline Jane Watson|url=https://www.bmj.com/content/314/7076/308|journal=BMJ|volume=314|issue=7076|doi=10.1136/bmj.314.7076.308}}</ref> A mụrụ nne ya, onye nọọsụ edebanyere aha na steeti, na UK.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rabwah.net/british-pakistani-lawyer-to-lead-un-investigation-against-isis/|author=Rehan|first=Ehsan|title=British-Pakistani lawyer to lead UN investigation against ISIS|work=[[Rabwah Times]]|accessdate=14 June 2021|date=1 June 2018}}</ref> O nwere nwanne nwanyị na ụmụnne nwoke abụọ, otu n'ime ha bụ onye bụbu onye omeiwu Conservative nke Britain na onye a mara ikpe maka imebi iwu mmekọahụ bụ Imran Ahmad Khan.<ref name=":1" /><ref name="Brother">{{Cite web|author=Gye|first=Hugo|title=Conservative MP Imran Ahmad Khan faces trial over claim he sexually assaulted a teenage boy|url=https://inews.co.uk/news/politics/conservatives/conservative-mp-imran-ahmad-khan-faces-trial-claim-sexually-assaulted-teenage-boy-1060692|work=i (newspaper)|date=18 June 2021|accessdate=2022-04-11}}</ref> == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Media related to Karim Ahmad Khan at Wikimedia Commons * Quotations related to Karim Ahmad Khan at Wikiquote {{s-start}} {{s-legal}} {{s-bef|before=[[Fatou Bensouda]]}} {{s-ttl|title=[[Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court]]|years=2021 -}} {{s-inc}} {{s-end}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] r2rddmrh8rfhhj0xsbtt5wcfxvgvcmu 0 28652 632298 129720 2026-05-08T11:49:30Z Goodymaraj 21567 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:3|0|0 */ 632298 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Carbon Clear''' bụ ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka nkwado. Carbon Clear bụ onye guzobere International Carbon Reduction and Offset Alliance (ICROA).<ref>{{Cite news|title=BusinessGreen Leaders Awards 2011: Offset complete|author=James Murray|url=http://www.businessgreen.com/bg/opinion/2101232/businessgreen-leaders-awards-2011-offset-complete|work=Business Green|date=August 12, 2011|accessdate=August 31, 2012}}</ref> Carbon Clear bụ nke EcoAct Group nwetara na 2017.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Carbon Clear {{!}} EcoAct|url=https://eco-act.com/sustainability-news/carbon-clear/|accessdate=2021-09-22|work=eco-act.com|language=en-US}}</ref> == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == N'afọ 2005, ọkachamara na-ahụ maka [[ike na-adịgide adịgide]] Jamal Gore na onye ọchụnta ego Mark Chadwick mepụtara Carbon Clear.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ecoltdgroup.com/team/jamal-gore/|title=Jamal Gore – E Co.|work=www.ecoltdgroup.com|accessdate=2020-04-22|archivedate=2021-09-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210925124301/https://www.ecoltdgroup.com/team/jamal-gore/}}</ref> Kemgbe ahụ, ahịa maka ọrụ nchịkwa nkwado etolitela n'ụzọ kwekọrọ na mkpa maka ụlọ ọrụ ndị nwe onwe ha na nke ọha na eze iji belata gas ha na-ekpo ọkụ, na nzaghachi maka iwu mgbanwe ihu igwe ọhụrụ na mkpa maka ime ihe afọ ofufo. Isi ụlọ ọrụ ahụ dị na [[London]], UK, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na-arụkwa ọrụ ugbu a na United States, Spain, [[France]] na Turkey. Ọ bụ ENDS Report nabatara ya na 2008 dị ka Quality Offset Provider.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Ewing|first=Tejas|title=The ENDS Guide to Carbon Offsets|journal=Environmental Data Services|year=2008}}</ref> == Ọrụ na ngwaahịa == Carbon Clear na-enye ọrụ nkwado gụnyere njikwa ike, ọrụ carbon footprint, atụmatụ na nhazi ebumnuche na ihe ize ndụ mgbanwe ihu igwe na nyocha ohere. Ọ na-emepe ọrụ nke ya nke carbon offset. Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na-enyekwa ọrụ ndụmọdụ maka òtù ndị ga-agbaso iwu gụnyere UK Government's CRC Energy Efficiency Legislation, Energy Savings Opportunity Scheme, Mandatory Greenhouse Gas Reporting na EU Emissions Trading Scheme. == Hụkwa == * [[Enweghị ike itinye aka na carbon]] * Mgbanwe ihu igwe * Mgbanwe nke carbon * Mkpịsị ụkwụ carbon == Ihe odide == <references /> e60eeyoq55zw9hvx6r20q8v6cacok0n 0 29052 632244 450389 2026-05-07T20:20:51Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 632244 wikitext text/x-wiki   Forest Stewardship Council GmbH (FSC) bụ mba mba ụwa na-anaghị akwụ ụgwọ, ọgbakọ ọtụtụ ndị otu e guzobere na 1993 na-akwalite njikwa oke ọhịa nke ụwa site na asambodo osisi. Nzukọ a na-eji ụzọ dabere n'ahịa maka amụma gburugburu ebe obibi gafere. == Ebumnuche == Ebumnuche FSC kwuru bụ "ịkwalite usoro kwesịrị ekwesị na gburugburu ebe obibi, ọdịmma ọha na eze, yana n'ụzọ akụ na ụba nke ụwa." Iji mezuo nke a, ahụ ebipụtala atụmatụ zuru ụwa ọnụ nke nwere ihe mgbaru ọsọ ise: # Ịga n'ihu na nlekọta ọhịa zuru ụwa ọnụ. # Gbaa mbọ hụ na uru nke usoro FSC nwere. # Gbaa mbọ hụ na iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe, ntụkwasị obi na nghọta nke usoro FSC. # Mepụta uru azụmahịa maka ngwaahịa sitere na oké ọhịa FSC. # Mee ka netwọk zuru ụwa ọnụ sie ike iji nye ihe mgbaru ọsọ 1 ruo 4. A na-akwalite, na-achịkwa, ma mepụta ihe mgbaru ọsọ ndị a site na mpaghara mmemme isii: ọhịa, usoro nlekọta, iwu mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, nlekota na nyocha, nkwenye dị mma, na [[ọrụ gburugburu ebe obibi]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ic.fsc.org/program-areas.78.htm|title=FSC Forest Stewardship Council Program Areas|publisher=Ic.fsc.org|accessdate=2013-01-15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://carafina.us/eco-friendly|title=Forest Stewardship Council Standards|publisher=Carafina.us|accessdate=2015-08-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150708125355/http://carafina.us/eco-friendly|archivedate=8 July 2015}}</ref> Ọ na-azọrọ na oké ọhịa ndị na-arụ ọrụ na ụkpụrụ ya na-enye uru ma ndị obodo dị n'ógbè ma ndị ọzọ, a na-ekwukwa na ndị a gụnyere ikuku na mmiri dị ọcha, yana enyemaka iji belata mmetụta nke mgbanwe ihu igwe. N'ụzọ doro anya ma ọ bụ n'ụzọ na-apụtaghị ìhè, FSC na-ekwu maka okwu ndị dị ka igbu osisi n'ụzọ iwu na-akwadoghị, mgbukpọ ọhịa na okpomọkụ ụwa na ụfọdụ akụkọ na-egosi mmetụta dị mma na mmepe akụ na ụba, [[Nchedo gburugburu ebe obibi|nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi]], ibelata ịda ogbenye, na ike mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.panda.org/about_wwf/where_we_work/europe/where/russia/publications/index.cfm?uNewsID=18510|title=The effects of FSC Certification in Estonia, Germany, Latvia, Russia, Sweden and the UK. WWF (2005)|publisher=Panda.org|accessdate=2013-01-15}}</ref><ref name="autogenerated6">{{Cite book|author=Lang|first=B.|title=Experiences with voluntary standards initiatives and related multi-stakeholder dialogues|url=http://www2.gtz.de/dokumente/bib/06-0656.pdf|publisher=GTZ|year=2006}}</ref> Iji akara FSC na-egosi na ngwaahịa ahụ sitere na isi mmalite - nke kwesịrị ekwesị na gburugburu ebe obibi, nke bara uru na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na nke bara uru. A na-eji akara FSC eme ihe n'ọtụtụ osisi na ngwaahịa ndị na-abụghị osisi, site na akwụkwọ na oche ruo ọgwụ na ọla, ma na-ezube inye ndị na-azụ ahịa nhọrọ nke ịkwado ọrụ ọhịa.<ref name="autogenerated8">{{Cite web|title=FSC on-line database|url=http://www.fsc-info.org/|accessdate=3 January 2008|archivedate=16 May 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080516000408/http://www.fsc-info.org/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ic.fsc.org/trademark-support.42.htm|title=FSC Forest Stewardship Council ® · Trademark Support|publisher=Ic.fsc.org|accessdate=2013-01-15}}</ref> == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == Dị ka [[Food and Agriculture Organization|Òtù Nri na Ọrụ Ugbo]] nke [[Mba Ndị Dị n'Otu]] si kwuo, a gbanweela ọkara ọhịa ụwa, mebie ya, bibie ya ma ọ bụ gbanwee ya ka ọ bụrụ ala ndị ọzọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fao.org/forestry/site/28679/en/|title=UN FAO facts and figures|publisher=Fao.org|date=2011-11-04|accessdate=2013-01-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081010175438/http://www.fao.org/forestry/site/28679/en|archivedate=10 October 2008}}</ref> Ọtụtụ oké ọhịa na-ata ahụhụ site na mmebi iwu na-akwadoghị na nlekọta na-adịghị mma. E guzobere FSC dị ka nzaghachi maka nchegbu ndị a gbasara [[Igbukpọ osisi|mgbukpọ]] ọhịa zuru ụwa ọnụ. Igbukpọsị oke ọhịa dị ka ihe gbasara ụwa niile gbagoro na 1980s ma enwere ike ịsị na ọ bụ ọgụ maka ime ihe sitere n'aka ndị na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi na mba ndị dị n'ebe ugwu maka mkpa ọ dị ichebe oke ọhịa. Tupu nke a, e hiwere ọtụtụ usoro akụ na ụba na usoro iwu ndị ọzọ dị ka enyemaka ego, usoro amụma na nkwekọrịta azụmahịa n'ọgụ megide igbutu osisi. Ndị a gụnyere Agreement International Tropical Timber Agreement (1983), Nkwekọrịta nke Azụmahịa Mba Nile na Anụmanụ dị n'Edangered (1975) na Global Environment Facility (1991). N'agbanyeghị oke nchegbu na-erute na Mgbakọ Ụwa nke 1992 e mere na [[Rio de Janeiro]], esemokwu dị n'etiti North na South zuru ụwa ọnụ maka ịnweta ego na nkà na ụzụ maka ichekwa oke ọhịa kpalitere mkparita ụka. Ọ bụ ezie na ọtụtụ mba ndị dị n'Ebe Ugwu tụrụ anya inwe mgbakọ n'ụzọ iwu kwadoro, nkwupụta nke ụkpụrụ ọhịa na-anọchi anya "ọnọdụ nke ọnụ ọgụgụ kasị ala" na ọ bụ afọ ofufo. N'ịbụ ndị na-enwe nkụda mmụọ na nsonazụ nke Mgbakọ Ụwa, NGO dị ka World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) malitere ịtụgharị uche ha na ụlọ ọrụ maka mkpebi ọchịchị ga-aba uru maka nsogbu nke igbukpọ osisi. N'oge na-eduga na Mgbakọ Ụwa, otu ndị na-elekọta mmadụ, NGO, na ụlọ ọrụ na-amalitekwa ileba anya n'okwu gbasara igbukpọ osisi. Na America, usoro nyocha nke mechara bute nguzobe FSC malitere na 1990 wee kwubie na nkwenye nkwado maka mmepe nke usoro asambodo afọ ofufo zuru ụwa ọnụ na nzere ikike nke ga-ekpuchi ụdị ọhịa niile. Na UK, NGO WWF malitere ikwado ime ihe site na nguzobe otu 1995, na-ewe ndị otu kpalitere site n'ihe gbasara ime ihe ozugbo na ịchụpụ maka ire osisi okpomọkụ iji guzobe njikọ aka azụmahịa na NGO. Site na itinye aka na ndị otu, ọ bịara pụta ìhè na a ga-achọ ụlọ ọrụ nhazi ọkọlọtọ iji chọpụta ebe ngwaahịa osisi si enweta ma kọwaa njikwa ọhịa na-adigide. Mgbe ọnwa 18 nwechara ndụmọdụ na mba iri dị iche iche, e hiwere Council forest Stewardship Council na 1993.   Ọdịda nke gọọmentị iji nweta ụdị nkwekọrịta ọ bụla pụtara ìhè n'ụdị nkwekọrịta mba ụwa na nke iwu kwadoro kpatara ma ndakpọ olileanya na ohere maka mgbanwe site na itinye aka nke ndị obodo na ndị na-azụ ahịa na-emepụta "iwu nro". Dị ka ndị dị otú ahụ guzobe Council nke Forest Stewardship Council dị ka nzaghachi nke ndakpọ olileanya a na-anọchikwa anya mgbanwe zuru ụwa ọnụ site na ọchịchị na-achị na ihe e kere eke bụ isi ihe atụ nke iji ahịa na akụ na ụba ihe na-eme ka ije na gburugburu ụwa gburugburu. Ọnọdụ akụkọ ihe mere eme na-agbanwe agbanwe nke e hibere FSC bụ nke a na-echepụta ka ọ gosipụta enweghị obi abụọ ka ukwuu maka ike steeti yana n'ihi ya, ọ ga-ewepụ n'ụdị iwu steeti etiti obodo. Nke ahụ kwuru, ọ bụ ezie na FSC gafere ókèala mba, steeti ahụ na-aga n'ihu na-ekere òkè na nhazi nhazi nke oke ọhịa, ya mere FSC ga-emepụtarịrị ọchịchị ụlọ kwesịrị ekwesị iji gosipụta nke a. == Ọdịdị na ọchịchị == FSC bụ òtù mba ụwa nwere usoro ọchịchị dabere na itinye aka, ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya, ikpe ziri ezi na nghọta.<ref name="ic.fsc.org">{{Cite web|url=http://ic.fsc.org/governance.14.htm|title=FSC Forest Stewardship Council® · Governance|publisher=Ic.fsc.org|accessdate=2013-01-15}}</ref> Ọ bụ ikpo okwu maka [[Forest owner|ndị nwe ọhịa]], ụlọ ọrụ osisi, òtù mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na [[Ndepụta nke òtù gburugburu ebe obibi|òtù gburugburu ebe obibi]] iji gbakọta iji chọta ihe ngwọta iji melite usoro nlekọta ọhịa. Ọ bụ ihe atụ nke otu ndị na-achịkwa ọtụtụ ndị na-arụ ọrụ na ngwaahịa. Ọ bụ ndị otu ya na-achịkwa ya, ndị na-esonyere ma ọ bụ dị ka ndị otu ma ọ bụ ndị nnọchi anya òtù; ha si n'ọnọdụ dị iche iche gụnyere NGO gburugburu ebe obibi, azụmahịa osisi, otu ọhịa obodo na òtù asambodo ọhịa. Ndị otu na-etinye akwụkwọ ka ha sonye n'otu n'ime ụlọ atọ - gburugburu ebe obibi, mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na akụ na ụba; a na-ekewa ụlọ nke ọ bụla n'ime mpaghara ugwu na ndịda ma na-atụ vootu iji hụ na ugwu na ndị mmadụ nwere 50%; a na'emere usoro a iji hụ na a na-ekerịta mmetụta n'otu ụzọ n'etiti ìgwè dị iche iche, n'enweghị igbochi ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị otu.<ref name="ic.fsc.org"/> FSC nwere ọkwa atọ nke ndị na-eme mkpebi: Nzukọ Ezumezu, Board of Directors na onye isi nchịkwa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ic.fsc.org/general-assembly.239.htm|title=FSC Forest Stewardship Council ® · General Assembly|publisher=Ic.fsc.org|date=2011-07-01|accessdate=2013-01-15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ic.fsc.org/board-of-directors.210.htm|title=FSC Forest Stewardship Council ® · Board of Directors|publisher=Ic.fsc.org|accessdate=2013-01-15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ic.fsc.org/director-general.211.htm|title=FSC Forest Stewardship Council ® · Director General|publisher=Ic.fsc.org|accessdate=2013-01-15}}</ref> * Nzukọ Ezumezu, nke na-ewere ọnọdụ n'afọ atọ ọ bụla, nwere ụlọ atọ ndị otu ma bụrụkwa òtù kachasị elu na-eme mkpebi na FSC. Nzukọ Ezumezu kachasị ọhụrụ mere n'afọ 2014. Onye otu ọ bụla nwere ikike ịga, ịhazi ma nyefee arịrịọ, na ịtụ vootu. Nzukọ Ezumezu ahụ na-anọchite anya ohere maka onye ọ bụla ịkekọrịta, ịmụta, guzobe njikọ ọhụrụ na mgbanwe ma nyochaa ohere azụmahịa iji mepụta ọdịnihu ka mma nke ọhịa. * Ndị isi FSC na-aza ajụjụ nye ndị otu FSC. Ọ nwere mmadụ itoolu a họpụtara ahọpụta bụ ndị otu FSC na ndị nkwado. A na-ahọpụta otu onye so na bọọdụ ndị nduzi site na obere ụlọ ọ bụla nke Nzukọ Ezumezu. * Onye isi nchịkwa na-agba FSC kwa ụbọchị na nkwado nke otu ndị ọkachamara nwere ọdịbendị dị iche iche na FSC International Center. Ọ na-aza ajụjụ na FSC Board of Directors. Ọ bụ ezie na FSC International Center dị na Bonn, [[Jémanị|Germany]], ọ nwere netwọk nke FSC Network Partners nke na-akwalite nlekọta ọhịa dị mma maka FSC.<ref name="ReferenceA">July 2012, Procedure for the operation of the FSC Network FSC-PRO-60-001 V1-0 EN.pdf</ref> FSC Network Partners gụnyere FSC National Offices, FSC National Representatives na FSC National Focal Points.<ref name="ReferenceA" /> Kim Carstensen bụ onye isi nchịkwa nke Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) kemgbe Ọktoba 2012. Maazị Carstensen bụ onye ndú a ma ama n'ụwa niile. == Ụkpụrụ, asambodo na ikikere == === Mmepe ụkpụrụ === FSC bụ usoro asambodo ọhịa zuru ụwa ọnụ nke e hibere maka oke ọhịa na ngwaahịa ọhịa. FSC International na-edobe usoro maka ịzụlite na idowe ụkpụrụ mba ụwa, mba na nke okpuru ala. Ezubere nke a iji hụ na usoro maka ịmepụta atumatu na ụkpụrụ FSC doro anya, nweere onwe ya na nsonye. Otutu ụlọ ọrụ asambodo oke ohia nke mba na mpaghara dịkwa gburugburu ụwa. Site n'echiche nke WWF, usoro afọ ofufo a nwere ike were dị ka otu n'ime atụmatụ na-atọ ụtọ nke afọ iri gara aga iji kwalite nlekọta ọhịa ka mma. FSC nwere ụkpụrụ 10 yana njikota (FSC P&C) nke na-etolite ntọala maka ụkpụrụ njikwa oke ọhịa FSC ha niile na asambodo. N'ọnwa Febụwarị 2012, ndị otu ahụ kwadoro ntugharị isi nke mbụ na FSC P&C iji weta asambodo ya ruo ugbu a. Ntụleghachi na ntughari nke FSC P&C malitere na 2008 wee kpokọta nzaghachi site n'aka ọtụtụ ndị otu FSC na ndị ọzọ metụtara. Ndozigharị a gosikwara mmalite nke usoro nke imepụta ntọala ntọala maka njiri mara nke ọ bụla edegharịrị. Ihe ndị a chọrọ - akpọrọ International Generic Indicators (IGIs) - bụ ebumnuche iji hụ na itinye FSC P&C n'ofe mba niile. Ebe enweghị ụkpụrụ mba ugbu a, a ga-eji IGI dị ka ụkpụrụ nwa oge. === Ụkpụrụ Nlekọta Ọhịa Mba === Na mgbakwunye na ọkọlọtọ asambodo ụwa ya, FSC na-emepe ụkpụrụ mba na mba ndị a họọrọ. Ụkpụrụ ndị a na-agbaso nke ọma na ọkọlọtọ asambodo zuru ụwa ọnụ na ụkpụrụ ya, mana a na-eme ka ha kwekọọ na ọnọdụ mpaghara. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ihe a na-akpọ National Forest Stewardship Standards dị maka mba ndị a (nke a haziri site na afọ mbụ nke mmeghe):   asambodo nchịkwa ọhịa bụ usoro afọ ofufo maka ịchọpụta omume ọhịa dị mma. Otu ụlọ ọrụ asambodo FSC kwadoro na-eme nyocha ọhịa na arịrịọ nke onye nwe ọhịa ma ọ bụ onye na-arụ ọrụ. A na-akwụ ndị nwere asambodo ụgwọ kwa afọ iji mezigharịa ikike ha, a na-atụkwa anya na ha ga-agbaso ya. FSC P&C na-emetụta oké ọhịa niile dị n'ebe okpomọkụ, nke dị n'etiti na nke dị n"ebe okpompe na ọtụtụ [[Ịkụ osisi|osisi]] na oké ọhịa ndị a kụrụ ọzọ. Ọ bụ ezie na e mere ya maka nlekọta ọhịa maka ngwaahịa osisi, ha dịkwa mkpa maka ngwaahịa ndị na-abụghị osisi (dịka. Brazil nuts) na ọrụ ndị ọzọ na gburugburu ebe obibi dị ka mmiri dị ọcha na ikuku na carbon sequestration. Tupu usoro mmezigharị nke kwụsịrị na Febụwarị 2012, FSC P&C bụ ndị a (ọ bụghị n'usoro kachasị mkpa): {| class="wikitable" |+ |Mba. |Ụkpụrụ |- |1 |Nkwado iwu niile na nkwekọrịta mba ụwa. |- |2 |Ihe ngosi na nke a na-enweghị mgbagha, nke akọwapụtara nke ọma, ikike ala ogologo oge na ikike iji ya eme ihe. |- |3 |Nkwado na nkwanye ùgwù maka ikike ụmụ amaala. |- |4 |Nlekọta ma ọ bụ ịkwalite ọdịmma mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na akụ na ụba nke ndị ọrụ ọhịa na obodo ndị dị n'ógbè ahụ na nkwanye ùgwù maka ikike ndị ọrụ na-agbaso nkwekọrịta International Labour Organization (ILO). |- |5 |Ojiji ziri ezi na ịkekọrịta uru sitere n'oké ọhịa. |- |6 |Mbelata mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi nke ọrụ ịkpụ osisi na nlekọta nke ọrụ gburugburu ebe obibi na iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe nke ọhịa. |- |7 |Atụmatụ njikwa kwesịrị ekwesị na nke na-aga n'ihu na-emelite. |- |8 |Nlekọta kwesịrị ekwesị na nyocha ọrụ iji nyochaa ọnọdụ nke oké ọhịa, ọrụ nchịkwa na mmetụta ha na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na gburugburu ebe obibi. |- |9 |Nlekọta nke oké ọhịa dị elu (HCVFs) akọwapụtara dị ka oké ọhịa nwere ụkpụrụ gburugburu ebe obibi na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya nke a na-ewere dị ka ihe dị ịrịba ama ma ọ bụ ihe dị oke mkpa. |- |10 |Na mgbakwunye na ịgbaso ihe niile dị n'elu, osisi ga-enye aka belata nrụgide ma kwalite mweghachi na nchekwa nke oké ọhịa. |} A kwadoro P&C e degharịrị na Febụwarị 2012; ihe ndị bụ isi achọrọ bụ:<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ic.fsc.org/the-revised-pc.191.htm|title=FSC Forest Stewardship Council· The Revised P&C|publisher=Ic.fsc.org|accessdate=2013-01-15}}</ref> # Nzukọ ahụ ga-agbaso iwu niile, ụkpụrụ na nkwekọrịta mba ụwa, nkwekọrịta na nkwekọ mba niile. # Nzukọ ahụ ga-elekọta ma ọ bụ bulie ọdịmma ọha na eze na akụ na ụba nke ndị ọrụ. # Òtù ahụ ga-achọpụta ma kwado ikike iwu na omenala nke ndị nwe ala, ojiji na njikwa ala, ókèala na ihe onwunwe metụtara ọrụ njikwa. # Òtù ahụ ga-enye aka n'ichebe ma ọ bụ melite ọdịmma mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na akụ na ụba nke obodo ndị dị n'ógbè ahụ # Nzukọ ahụ ga-ejikwa nke ọma na-elekọta ọtụtụ ngwaahịa na ọrụ nke Ngalaba Nchịkwa iji lekọta ma ọ bụ bulie uru akụ na ụba ogologo oge na ọtụtụ uru gburugburu ebe obibi na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya. # Nzukọ ahụ ga-echekwa, chekwaa na / ma ọ bụ weghachite ọrụ gburugburu ebe obibi na ụkpụrụ gburugburu ebe obibi nke Ngalaba Nlekọta, ma zere, rụzie ma ọ bụ belata mmetụta ọjọọ gburugburu ebe obibi. # Nzukọ ahụ ga-enwe atụmatụ njikwa kwekọrọ na ụkpụrụ na ebumnuche ya ma kwekọọ na nha, ike na ihe ize ndụ nke ọrụ njikwa ya. A ga-etinye atụmatụ njikwa ahụ n'ọrụ ma debe ya na oge dabere na ozi nlekota iji kwalite njikwa mgbanwe. Atụmatụ na akwụkwọ usoro ga-ezuru iji duzie ndị ọrụ, gwa ndị metụtara na ndị nwere mmasị na iji kwado mkpebi nchịkwa. # Nzukọ ahụ ga-egosipụta na, ọganihu iji mezuo ebumnuche njikwa, mmetụta nke ọrụ njikwa na ọnọdụ nke Ngalaba Nchịkwa, a na-enyocha ma na-enyochaa ya dịka nha, ike na ihe ize ndụ nke ọrụ njirimara, iji mezuo njikwa mgbanwe. # Nzukọ ahụ ga-edebe na / ma ọ bụ melite ụkpụrụ nchekwa dị elu na Ngalaba Nchịkwa site na itinye usoro nchebe. # A ga-ahọrọ ma tinye ọrụ nchịkwa nke nzukọ ahụ ma ọ bụ maka ya n'ọrụ ma kwekọọ na iwu na ebumnuche akụ na ụba, gburugburu ebe obibi na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na-agbaso ụkpụrụ na ụkpụrụ niile. Ọ bụrụ na ndị na-enye ikike achọpụta na njikwa ọhịa anaghị agbaso n'ụzọ zuru oke, a na-ahụ ihe ndị a ga-emezu tupu e nye asambodo FSC. Ọ bụrụ na a na-ahụ obere ihe ndị na-ekwekọghị, enwere ike inye asambodo ahụ na ọnọdụ ndị a ga-ezute n'ime oge a kapịrị ọnụ. Òtù na-enye ikike na-enyocha asambodo FSC ọ bụla ọ dịkarịa ala otu ugboro n'afọ. Enweghị nkwenye na-ebute arịrịọ iji mee mgbanwe ndị a kapịrị ọnụ n'ime oge a nyere ma ọ bụ tụfuo asambodo FSC ya. Dabere na ịdị njọ nke mmebi iwu ahụ, usoro iheomume nwere ike ịga site na otu afọ maka obere mmebi iwu nchịkwa gaa n'ime ihe ozugbo maka nnukwu mmebi iwu. === Chain of Custody asambodo === Usoro FSC Chain of Custody (CoC) na-enye ohere ịchọpụta ihe FSC kwadoro site n'oké ọhịa gaa na onye na-azụ ahịa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ic.fsc.org/chain-of-custody-certification.39.htm|title=FSC Forest Stewardship Council · Chain of Custody Certification|publisher=Ic.fsc.org|accessdate=2013-01-15}}</ref> Ọ bụ usoro ụlọ ọrụ nwere ike igosi mkpebi ha maka gburugburu ebe obibi na nlekọta ọhịa. Naanị ụlọ ọrụ ndị nwere akara FSC nke nlekọta nlekọta ka a na-ekwe ka ha jiri akara ahịa FSC na akara iji kwalite ngwaahịa ha. N'ihi ya, akara FSC na-enye njikọ dị n'etiti mmepụta na-arụ ọrụ na-arụ ụka ma na-enyere onye na-azụ ahịa aka ime mkpebi ịzụta na-arụsi ọrụ ike na gburugburu ebe obibi. Ozugbo ohia nwetara akwụkwọ ikike, ọ dị mkpa ka ị nwee ike ịchọpụta ngwaahịa ndị sitere na ya n'oge niile a na-enye ngwaahịa iji hụ na nkwupụta ọ bụla gbasara mmalite ngwaahịa ahụ bụ nke a pụrụ ịdabere na ya ma kwenye. Asambodo njide nke FSC bụ usoro afọ ofufo. Ọ bụ usoro nleba anya nke na-enye ndị na-emepụta ihe na ndị na-azụ ahịa aka igosi na osisi sitere n'oké ọhịa a na-ejikwa n'ụzọ ziri ezi dịka FSC P&C siri dị. Ọ na-enyocha usoro nke osisi akwadoro site na agbụ ọkọnọ na gafere oke site na ọkwa ọ bụla na-aga n'ihu - gụnyere nhazi, mgbanwe na nrụpụta - ruo na ngwaahịa ikpeazụ. Ọ dịịrị ụlọ ọrụ ibido usoro asambodo site na ịrịọ ọrụ nke otu asambodo enwetara ikike inyocha usoro nsochi ime ya. Ụlọ ọrụ na-etinye aka na FSC gụnyere nkwalite ụlọ ma ọ bụ ụlọ ọrụ DIY, ndị mbipụta na ndị na-ere ahịa, n'etiti ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ. [Ihe ndekọ achọrọ] Ọrụ niile na-achọ imepụta ngwaahịa enwetara FSC ma ọ bụ na-achọ ịre ahịa dabara adaba ga-agbaso ụkpụrụ FSC si mba ụwa maka usoro njide. Ọrụ ga-ezipụta ụdị ngwaahịa ha chọrọ ire dị ka FSC gbaara ma kwalite ya na ụghalaahịa FSC. Òtù asambodo ahụ na-enyocha ọrụ ahụ iji hụ na njikwa dị n'ọnọdụ iji chọpụta isi mmalite maka ụdị ngwaahịa a kapịrị ọnụ yana igbochi ihe enwetara ikike na megharịa ka ọ ghara ịgwakọta ihe sitere na isi mmalite na-anabataghị. Ọ bụrụ na arụ ọrụ kwekọrọ n'ụkpụrụ FSC, a na-enye ụlọ ọrụ ahụ asambodo njide FSC. Nnukwu ọdịda irube isi n'ụkpụrụ ga-eme ka onye a na-achọ ọrụ ghara iru eru na asambodo ma ọ bụ duga na asambodo. === Nkwado osisi a na-achịkwa === E webatara akara FSC Mix na 2004. Ọ na-enye ohere ka ndị na-emepụta ihe na-ejikọta ihe FSC kwadoro na ihe ndị a na-akwadoghị na ngwaahịa FSC na-achịkwa n'okpuru ọnọdụ a na-achịkwa. Ọ na-achọ izere iji ngwaahịa osisi sitere na isi mmalite "anaghị anabata" na ngwaahịa FSC akara. Ebe ndị a na-anabataghị gụnyere osisi ndị a na-egbute n'ụzọ iwu na-akwadoghị, osisi ndị a na-egbute megidere ikike ọdịnala na nke obodo, osisi ndị a na-egbute n'ime ọhịa HCV na osisi ndị a na-egbute n'ebe a na-akụ osisi ndị gbanwere mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa.. === Ikike ikike === Iji jikwaa nnwere onwe n'etiti ụkpụrụ ndị ọ debere na ọrụ ndị na-achọ asambodo nke ụdị abụọ a, FSC anaghị eme nyocha asambodo n'onwe ya. FSC ewepụtala usoro na ụkpụrụ siri ike iji nyochaa ma otu ndị asambodo (otu asambodo) nwere ike ịnye ọrụ nyocha (asambodo) kwụụrụ onwe yana tozuru oke. A maara usoro a dị ka ' nzere ntozu'. Otu nwere ike inweta asambodo ga-enweta nzere FSC ka o nwee ike inyocha, nyochaa na kwado ụlọ ọrụ na ụkpụrụ FSC. Iji bụrụ nzere FSC, ndị asambodo ga-agbasorịrị ọtụtụ iwu na usoro nke ASI - Assurance Services International GmbH kwadoro - onye mmekọ mmesi obi ike nke mba ụwa maka iduzi ụkpụrụ nkwado afọ ofufo na atumatu dịka MSC na RSPO. Nke a na-agụnye nyocha ụlọ ọrụ na ịgba akaebe nke otu nyocha ma ọ bụ karịa n'ọhịa. ASI na-enyocha ndị otu asambodo enwetara ikike iji hụ na ịdị mma nke ọrụ ha nwere ike na-ekwe nkwa mgbe niile. o jikwaa mmejuputa iwu na usoro FSC na-aga n'ihu, kwa afọ ASI na-eme opekata mpe otu ụlọ ọrụ na otu nyocha ubi maka ụlọ ọrụ asambodo FSC ọ bụla. Ọnụ ọgụgụ ziri ezi na nkesa nke nyocha ASI na-eburu n'uche ọtụtụ ihe mgbagwoju anya (mpaghara mpaghara, atumatu ma ọ bụ ngwaahịa na-ebuwanye ihe ize ndụ) yana ọnụ ọgụgụ nke asambodo FSC nke ndị otu asambodo kwadoro, na e mere iji hụ na ọrụ asambodo. Onye na-enye asambodo na-emezu ihe FSC chọrọ. Ụfọdụ nchịkọta nke nyocha nyocha ASI dị n'ihu ọha na ebe nrụọrụ weebụ ASI.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.accreditation-services.com|title=ASI- Assurance Services International GmbH|accessdate=2013-01-15}}</ref> Ọ bụrụ na achọpụta na ụlọ ọrụ asambodo FSC kwadoro anaghị agbaso iwu na usoro FSC n'ụzọ zuru ezu, a na-ebuli ndị na-ekwekọghị (NCs) (lee n'elu). === Eziokwu na ọnụ ọgụgụ === N'ọnwa Septemba afọ 2012, e nyere ihe dị ka nde hekta 165 asambodo na ụkpụrụ na ụkpụrụ FSC na mba 80.<ref name="ReferenceB">{{Cite web|url=http://ic.fsc.org/facts-figures.19.htm|title=FSC Forest Stewardship Council · Facts & Figures|publisher=Ic.fsc.org|date=2012-11-30|accessdate=2013-01-15}}</ref> Ihe dị ka 24,000 FSC Chain of Custody asambodo na-arụ ọrụ na mba 107.<ref name="ReferenceB" /> Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ FSC nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ gbasara nkesa mpaghara, onye nwe ya na ụdị ọhịa na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke asambodo FSC na-anọchite anya njikwa ọhịa niile na usoro asambodo nlekọta.<ref name="ReferenceB" /> === Ihe Ndị Na-efu === A na-ekewa mmefu maka asambodo nlekọta ọhịa nke ọma n'ime: * Ọnụ ego maka ịkwalite nkwado; * Ọnụ ego maka nyocha (ndị ọzọ na-achịkwa ndị a); na * Ọnụ ego nke abụọ (dịka mfu nke ego a na-enweta).<ref>European Forest Institute. "Certification Information Service: Source Book." Section 1, p.25.</ref> === FSC Friday === FSC Friday bụ mmemme nkwado otu ugboro n'afọ maka emume oke ohia gburugburu ụwa yana ịkwalite njikwa oke ọhịa n'ụwa niile. Ụbọchị FSC mbụ nke mba ụwa mere na Bonn na 25 Septemba 2009. Ihe omume metụtara FSC Friday na-eme gburugburu ụwa na ụlọ ọrụ na ndị nkwado na-akwalite akara FSC na ihe ọ pụtara. Ihe omume mere na oke ohia FSC, ụlọ akwụkwọ, mahadum na ebe obodo gburugburu ụwa, gụnyere United Kingdom, [[Austria]], South Africa, Germany, Brazil, Argentina, [[Belgium]], [[Netherlands]], Denmark, [[France]], India, Wales, [[Switzerland]] na Singapore. Na 2022, FSC Friday ga-ewere ọnọdụ na 30 Septemba 2022.<ref>FSC, [https://uk.fsc.org/newsfeed/save-the-date-fsc-friday Save the date : FSC Friday], published 3 February 2022, accessed 12 September 2022</ref> == Ndị otu na ndị mmekọ == FSC nwere ihe dị ka ndị otu 1,200, gụnyere: * ọtụtụ NGO mba ụwa dị ka World Wide Fund for Nature, na Oxfam / NOVIB;<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.wwf.org.uk/what_we_do/campaigning/what_wood_you_choose/|title=What Wood You Choose? - WWF UK|publisher=Wwf.org.uk|accessdate=2013-01-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130101083300/http://www.wwf.org.uk/what_we_do/campaigning/what_wood_you_choose/|archivedate=1 January 2013}}</ref> * obere, NGO mba, na-elekwasịkarị anya na nchekwa ma ọ bụ gburugburu ebe obibi, dị ka US Wildlife Conservation Society, Spanish Ornithological Society na Cameroon Environmental Watch; * [[Mountain Association for Community Development|Òtù]] ndị obodo na-elekwasị anya na mmepe obodo, dị ka Foundation for People and Community Development (Papua New Guinea) na Mountain Association for Community Development (USA); * Òtù nyocha ndị na-elekwasị anya n'ọhịa, dị ka Ụlọ Ọrụ Sayensị na Nnyocha Ọhịa ([[Brazil]]); * [[Certification organization|ụlọ ọrụ asambodo]], dị ka KPMG Forest Certification Solutions ([[Kánada|Canada]]), Forest Eco Certification (India), Wood Certification Ltd ([[Ndia|India]]);<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://forestecocertification.com/|title=Home Front Page|work=forestecocertification.com|accessdate=2 April 2018}}</ref> * ụlọ ọrụ ndị nwe onwe ha na ụlọ ọrụ ọhịa, osisi na akwụkwọ, dị ka Mondi (South Africa) Sun Wood Industries (Thailand) na IKEA ([[Sweden]]); * òtù ndị ọrụ na òtù ndị ọrụ, dị ka Latvian Wood Branch Trade Union na Swedish Forest and Wood Trade Union. Ọtụtụ gọọmentị n'ụwa niile agbasiwo mbọ ike sitere n'ahịa maka asambodo osisi site n'inye ụlọ ọrụ enwetara ụgwọ ụtụ isi, na-edepụta ngwaahịa ndị enwetara ikike dị ka ihe achọrọ na atumatu nzụta ha yana nkwado ọrụ jikọtara FSC site na ụlọ ọrụ mmepe mba ụwa. Ụfọdụ ụlọ ọrụ na-ahọrọkwa asambodo osisi dịka ngwá ọrụ iji gosipụta nkwa ha na nkwado. Omume ndị dị otú ahụ na-egosipụta nkwado sara mbara maka asambodo FSC dị ka ezigbo omume. FSC bụ onye so na International Social and Environmental Accreditation and Labeling (ISEAL) Alliance, otu ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo ntọala ọkọlọtọ mba ụwa na ndị otu asambodo lekwasịrị anya n'ihe gbasara mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya. Ebe ọ bụ na 2006, FSC agbasowo ụkpụrụ omume ọma nke ISEAL maka ịtọlite ​​ụkpụrụ mmekọrịta ọha na eze na gburugburu ebe obibi, nke ezubere iji mesie ụkpụrụ dị elu maka omume ntụkwasị obi na azụmaahịa ziri ezi. N'afọ 2009, FSC malitere ọrụ nnwale na Fairtrade International (FLO) iji nyere ndị na-emepụta osisi na obere obodo aka inweta ọnụahịa ziri ezi maka ngwaahịa ha ma nweta ọhụụ n'ahịa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fairtrade.net/our_vision.html|title=Fairtrade International (FLO) / About us / Our vision|publisher=Fairtrade.net|accessdate=2013-01-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130130222845/http://www.fairtrade.net/our_vision.html|archivedate=30 January 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=FSC Factsheet|url=http://www.fairtrade.net/fileadmin/user_upload/content/2009/resources/2012-01_Fairtrade_and_FSC_factsheet_final.pdf|publisher=[[Fairtrade]]|year=2009}}</ref> Ngwaahịa mbụ a na-akpọ FSC-FLO batara n'ahịa na 2011, na-eji osisi sitere n'oké ọhịa nke Ndagwurugwu Curacautín na [[Chile]], nke ụlọ ọrụ Sweden Kährs rụrụ maka azụmahịa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ekobai.com/analysis/update/96/first-flo-and-fsc-dual-certified-products-due-on-market-this-autumn-june-2011/|title=First FLO and FSC dual-certified products due on market this Autumn (June 2011) &#124; Read organic Market Analysis & Business News|publisher=Ekobai.com|accessdate=2013-01-15|archivedate=7 April 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140407084614/http://www.ekobai.com/analysis/update/96/first-flo-and-fsc-dual-certified-products-due-on-market-this-autumn-june-2011/}}</ref><ref>[https://www.woodfloorbusiness.com/news/article/15126140/kahrs-debuts-first-ever-fsc-fairtrade-certified-flooring Kährs Debuts First Ever FSC/Fairtrade-Certified Flooring], ''Wood Floor Business'', published 20 July 2011, accessed 18 September 2022</ref> FSC na-arụkwa ọrụ na njikọ aka na International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Ọ na-enye aka na kọmitii ISO na ụkpụrụ na-adịgide adịgide maka bioenergy, nyocha gburugburu ebe obibi na [[Environmental labelling|akara gburugburu ebe obibi]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.iso.org/iso/home/about/organizations_in_liaison/organizations_in_liaison_details.htm?id=9891&LiaisonList=True|title=Organizations in liaison|publisher=ISO|accessdate=2013-01-15}}</ref> == Nkatọ == Kemgbe e guzobere ya, a katọrọ FSC maka ọtụtụ ihe dị iche iche. === Nchegbu site na ntọala NGO na ndị otu === N'oge na-adịghị anya, ọtụtụ NGO na òtù ndị na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi a ma ama wepụrụ nkwado ha maka FSC. Ndị a gụnyere FERN (2011), Friends of the Earth UK (2008), [[Robin Wood (Otu nhazi gburugburu ebe obibi)|ROBINWOOD]] (2009), Swedish Society for Nature Conservation (SSNC) (2011), na obere ìgwè dị ka Rainforest Rescue na Association for the Ecological Defence of Galicia (ADEGA).<ref>FERN statement to the Forest Stewardship Council: Why FERN is withdrawing its FSC membership (2 June 2011)</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fsc-watch.org/archives/2008/09/22/Friends_of_the_Earth|title=Friends of the Earth EWNI: "FSC not recommended"|publisher=FSC-Watch|accessdate=2013-01-15|archivedate=4 December 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081204030934/http://www.fsc-watch.org/archives/2008/09/22/Friends_of_the_Earth}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fsc-watch.org/archives/2009/03/17/Key_German_NGO_quits|title=Key German NGO quits FSC in disgust at plantation certifications|publisher=FSC-Watch|accessdate=2013-01-15|archivedate=2013-04-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130408063104/http://www.fsc-watch.org/archives/2009/03/17/Key_German_NGO_quits}}</ref><ref name="fsc-watch.org">{{Cite web|url=http://www.fsc-watch.org/archives/2011/06/17/FSC__Greenwashing__F|title=FSC "Greenwashing" Forest Exploitation in Africa|publisher=FSC-Watch|accessdate=2013-01-15|archivedate=9 October 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171009143644/http://www.fsc-watch.org/archives/2011/06/17/FSC__Greenwashing__F}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.rainforest-rescue.org/topics/tropical-timber/faq|title=Facts about tropical timber|publisher=Rainforest-rescue.org|date=2010-07-07|accessdate=2013-01-15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fsc-watch.org/archives/2008/05/28/Another_NGO_quits_FS|title=Another NGO quits FSC in protest against NORFOR plantations|publisher=FSC-Watch|accessdate=2013-01-15|archivedate=2013-08-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130807034256/http://www.fsc-watch.org/archives/2008/05/28/Another_NGO_quits_FS}}</ref> N'otu oge a, ndị otu NGO ndị ọzọ na ndị na-ekwu okwu a ma ama nyere nyocha dị oke egwu banyere arụmọrụ FSC ma mee aro iji melite ntụkwasị obi nke nzukọ ahụ. Greenpeace International bipụtara akụkọ 2008 "Na-ejide akara na FSC" lekwasịrị anya na asambodo na-ese okwu na ụzọ ịga n'ihu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.greenpeace.org/international/en/publications/reports/holding-the-line-with-fsc/|title=Holding the line with FSC|work=Greenpeace International|accessdate=2 April 2018}}</ref> A katọkwara FSC nke ukwuu site n'aka Simon Ndụmọdụ, otu n'ime ndị otu ya, mechaa bụrụ onye isi nke Rainforest Foundation. N'afọ 2008, ọ kọwara FSC dị ka "Enron of Forestry". Ọ zoro aka na ọmụmụ ihe sitere na mba isii nke na-atụ aro na n'ọnọdụ ndị a FSC anaghị achịkwa ndị nyocha ma ọ bụ ndị asambodo enwetara nke ọma. Ndị FSC nyochara asambodo ndị a na-ajụ, ma gosi na ụfọdụ nyocha mbụ ahụ ziri ezi. Nke a butere mwepụ nke ikike ị nweta asambodo n'aka ụlọ ọrụ Thai, Forest Industry Organisation. FSC-Watch bụ ebe nrụọrụ weebụ na-akatọ FSC nke otu ndị mmadụ na-achịkwa, gụnyere Simon Counsell, ndị na-echegbu onwe ha banyere ihe ha na-ahụ dị ka mmebi na-adịgide adịgide na nke siri ike nke ntụkwasị obi na ntụkwasị obi FSC. Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ ya na-enye ọtụtụ nkatọ zuru oke na nke zuru ezu banyere FSC.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://fsc-watch.org/|title=Fsc-Watch|publisher=Fsc-Watch|accessdate=2013-01-15|archivedate=2007-05-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070513085643/http://www.fsc-watch.org/}}</ref> FSC-Watch na-ebo FSC ebubo na ọ na-eme ihe ndị bụ ụdị [[greenwashing]].<ref name="fsc-watch.org"/> N'afọ 2008, EcoEarth/Rainforest Portal, ọrụ nchịkọta akụkọ gburugburu ebe obibi nke Intanet, jụrụ iwu FSC kwadoro maka igbu osisi n'oké ọhịa ochie.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Dr. Glen Barry on March 5, 2008 1:21 PM|url=http://www.rainforestportal.org/issues/2008/03/alert_stop_the_forest_liars_ce.asp|title=Rainforest Protection Issues: ALERT: Stop the Forest Liars: "Certified" Old-Growth Rainforest Logging Does NOT Protect Biodiversity, Ecosystems or Climate|publisher=Rainforestportal.org|date=2008-03-05|accessdate=2013-01-15|archivedate=30 July 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130730200109/http://www.rainforestportal.org/issues/2008/03/alert_stop_the_forest_liars_ce.asp}}</ref> Ha kwusiri ike na nyocha anaghị akwado echiche ahụ na ụdị osisi a bụ carbon positive ma ọ bụ na-adịgide adịgide, ọ bụ ezie na echiche ndị a na-ese okwu. N'afọ 2011, Greenpeace International wepụtara akụkọ ha nke e degharịrị edegharị, nke kwubiri na e nweela ọganihu ụfọdụ.<ref name="greenpeace.org">{{Cite web|title=Holding the Line Reloaded|url=http://www.greenpeace.org/international/Global/international/publications/forests/2011/Holding%20the%20Line%20Reloaded%20-%20Nov%202010.pdf}}</ref> Mana ọ chọpụtakwara adịghị ike na-aga n'ihu: * enweghị nduzi na oke ọhịa (HCVFs) * ọrụ na mpaghara ndị na-ese okwu dị ka Congo Basin * nsogbu na akara Controlled Wood * iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe nke Chain of Custody usoro na logo N'afọ 2018, Greenpeace International họọrọ ịghara imezigharị ndị otu ya na FSC, na-azọrọ na FSC anaghị emezu ebumnuche ya nke ichebe ọhịa na ikike mmadụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Greenpeace International to not renew FSC membership|url=https://www.greenpeace.org/international/press-release/15589/greenpeace-international-to-not-renew-fsc-membership|accessdate=2020-10-20|work=Greenpeace International}}</ref> === Mmebi nke ikike ụmụ amaala na ọbụbụeze === A na-ebo onye njikwa kachasị ukwuu n'ụwa nke oké ọhịa ndị FSC kwadoro, Resolute Forest Products, ebubo na ha na-egbu osisi n'ụzọ iwu na-akwadoghị n'ókèala Barriere Lake Algonquin na imebi ikike ụmụ amaala.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2012-06-13|title=World Wildlife Federation Congratulates Resolute Forest Products|url=http://www.wwf.ca/?10961/Resolute-Forest-Products-Now-Worlds-Largest-Manager-of-Forest-Stewardship-Council-Certified-Forests|accessdate=2013-01-15|publisher=Wwf.ca}}</ref> N'ọnwa Julaị afọ 2012, ndị otu Algonquin dị na ndịda [[Quebec]] mere ogige iji hụ ma gbochie igbutu osisi n'ókèala ha na-enyeghị. Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ kwuru na "ikike ha maka owuwe ihe ubi n'ógbè ahụ" ka QMNRW kwadoro, na-esote mkparịta ụka kwesịrị ekwesị na kansụl egwu Barrière Lake Algonquin.<ref>[http://resolutefp.mediaroom.com/index.php?s=28238&item=130649 "Resolute Forest Products Provides Clarity About its Woodlands Operations Near Barrière Lake, Quebec" &#x5B;press release&#x5D;, Resolute Forest Products, July 18, 2012.] Accessed: January 15, 2013.</ref> N'afọ 2018, FSC nyochara ebubo ndị agbụrụ dị na Papua mere megide onye nwe asambodo FSC Korod Group. Nnyocha ahụ chọpụtara na Kordaji mebiri ikike nke ụmụ amaala Papua ma rite uru site na mmekọrịta chiri anya na ndị agha Indonesia maka uru akụ na ụba nke ya. Ọ bụ ezie na akụkọ ahụ tụrụ aro iwepụ asambodo FSC nke Korate, FSC họọrọ ịghara ịhapụ akụkọ ahụ n'ihu ọha ma gaa n'ihu na mmekorita ya na Korate.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Why the food you eat threatens ancestral forests|url=https://www.bbc.com/reel/video/p0959t9n/why-the-food-you-eat-threatens-ancestral-forests|accessdate=9 February 2021|date=27 January 2021|work=[[BBC]]}}</ref> N'ọnwa Ọgọstụ 2021, FSC kwupụtara mkpebi ya nke ịpụ na Korda nke malitere na 16 Ọktoba 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://fsc.org/en/unacceptable-activities/cases/korindo-group|title=Korindo Group}}</ref> === Nhọrọ maka ụlọ ọrụ ndị buru ibu === Ụfọdụ ndị nkatọ [onye?] na-ekwu na asambodo FSC nwere ọtụtụ adịghị ike jikọtara ya: na ọ dabara adaba maka obere azụmaahịa, na ọ na-emegide asọmpi na ya mere n'echiche sara mbara ọ bụ ihe na-emegiderịta gburugburu ebe obibi: * Naanị nnukwu azụmaahịa nwere ihe owuwu siri ike nwere ike ịkwụ ụgwọ usoro nyocha na mmezi nke atụmatụ ahụ. * Atụmatụ asambodo na-emegide asọmpi n'ihi na ha na-akwado ụlọ ọrụ buru ibu karịa ndị pere mpe. * Mmetụta a na nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ na-emegide gburugburu ebe obibi ka ọ na-akwalite nlereanya nke nnukwu ndị na-eweta ihe. Obere ụlọ ọrụ mpaghara pụtara na ngwongwo ga-aga n'ebe dị anya, na onwunwe na nkà nke obodo ndị dị n'ógbè ahụ na-ebelata. [citation needed] Otu n'ime nzaghachi na nkatọ ndị a, iji mee ka asambodo dịkwuo mfe maka obere azụmaahịa na ndị na-azụ ahịa, FSC hiwere atụmatụ na asambodo otu nke Small and Low Intensity Managed Forests (SLIMF). SLIMF na-eme ka usoro FSC kwekọọ n'eziokwu na mkpa nke ọrụ obere ọhịa na nke dị ala site n'inye usoro dị iche iche dị iche iche, na-enweghị ihe siri ike chọrọ maka ọnụ ọgụgụ nke njikwa ọhịa ya. Akọwapụtara SLIMF dị ka oke ọhịa nwere hectare 100 ma ọ bụ obere. Asambodo otu na-enye ohere ka otu ndị nwe ọhịa kesaa ụgwọ asambodo. Ihe ịga nke ọma edepụtara na asambodo otu na mba na-emepe emepe metụtara ndị ọrụ ugbo obere na-eto osisi acacia na Vietnam. N'ọnọdụ ahụ, ndị ọrụ ugbo na-enwe ike ịre osisi ndị a kwadoro n'otu n'otu n'ụdị dị oke ọnụ na osisi na-abụghị nke a kwadoro. N'October 2012, n'ụwa nile, 8.7% nke asambodo FSC bụ ọhịa ndị obodo nwere. SLIMF na asambodo otu bu n'obi ka FSC kwalite njikwa oke ohia n'obere oke ohia yana nke buru ibu. === Nzaghachi site na FSC === A na-agba ndị nkatọ ume itinye akwụkwọ mkpesa na esemokwu megide FSC ma ọ bụrụ na enwere esemokwu ọ bụla.<ref>{{Cite web|title=FSC Forest Stewardship Council · Complaints Resolution|url=http://ic.fsc.org/complaints-resolution.306.htm|accessdate=2013-01-15|publisher=Ic.fsc.org}}</ref> Mana ndị na-eme mkpesa ga-emezu ọtụtụ ọnọdụ iji nwee ike itinye akwụkwọ mkpesa ma a na-arụ ụka ma FSC na-eme ihe dị irè ọbụna n'ihe gbasara mkpesa ụfọdụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=FSC Forest Stewardship Council · Overview|url=http://ic.fsc.org/overview.151.htm|accessdate=2013-01-15|publisher=Ic.fsc.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=FSC Complaints Panel says organisation 'needs to control certifiers better': SmartWood "undermines" the FSC|url=http://www.fsc-watch.org/archives/2012/03/26/FSC_Complaints_Panel|accessdate=2013-01-15|publisher=FSC-Watch|archivedate=2013-04-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130408055649/http://www.fsc-watch.org/archives/2012/03/26/FSC_Complaints_Panel}}</ref> N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, FSC mebere usoro omume iji wusie usoro ntinye aka nke ndị otu ya ike. N'afọ 2013, ha hibere ngalaba mmesi obi ike n'ime FSC. Iji meziwanye usoro ya maka nsuso ngwaahịa FSC gbaara agbaziri, FSC weputara Platform nkwuputa n'ịntanetị na 2014. Ezubere ikpo okwu a iji mee ka nkwenye siri ike nke azụmahịa dị iche iche. N'afọ 2014 FSC ebipụtakwara usoro mkpebi esemokwu iji hazie mkpesa megide atụmatụ asambodo. == FSC dị ka ọchịchị gburugburu ebe obibi na-achịkwa ahịa == N'ihi na ọ na-arụ ọrụ na-abụghị iwu steeti, ụfọdụ ndị gụrụ akwụkwọ ekewapụtala FSC dị ka ọmụmaatụ nke ụdị ọchịchị gburugburu ebe obibi na-abụghị nke steeti (NSMD). Nke a pụtara na ọ na-eji ahịa na-ebugharị njikwa oke ọhịa na-adịgide adịgide. Dị ka Cashore (2002) na-achọpụta na netwọk FSC enweghị ikike ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke obodo obodo na ọ dịghị onye a ga-akwụ ụgwọ ma ọ bụ tụọ ya mkpọrọ maka ịghara ịgbaso iwu ya. Na mgbakwunye, amachibidoro gọọmentị ịbụ ndị otu FSC na naanị njikọ ha na FSC bụ ndị nwe ala. A na-ekpebi ikike nke FSC site na nkwado nke ndị na-ege ntị na mpụga, dị ka ndị NGO gburugburu ebe obibi. FSC Label bụ ihe atụ nke iji ike ịzụta ọha na eze mepụta mgbanwe na ụlọ ọrụ ma chịkwaa mmetụta ọjọọ gburugburu ebe obibi nke mgbukpọ ọhịa.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Cohen|first=Maurie J.|title=Exploring sustainable consumption: environmental policy and the social sciences|publisher=Pergamon|location=Amsterdam New York|year=2001|isbn=9780080439204}}</ref> FSC Label "na-arụ ọrụ" site n'inye ihe mkpali maka ọrụ ọhịa dị mma n'ahịa. Ọ na-enye ndị na-emepụta uru asọmpi ma si otú ahụ na-abawanye ohere ahịa na ahịa ọhụrụ ma na-enwe ohere na ndị dị ugbu a. A na-ejikarị usoro ahịa ndị na-abụghị nke steeti eme ihe n'ihi ebubo nke 'ọdịda steeti' n'ịchịkwa gburugburu ebe obibi. N'echiche nke nnwere onwe ọhụrụ, a na-ahụ usoro ahịa dị ka otu n'ime ụzọ kachasị dị irè ma dị irè iji mezuo ebumnuche gburugburu ebe obibi. A na-ahụ ahịa dị ka usoro dị mkpa maka ịmepụta ihe kachasị mma na netwọk ọchịchị dị ka ụzọ kachasị mma iji chịkwaa nchegbu gburugburu ebe obibi.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Rhodes|first=R. A. W.|authorlink=R. A. W. Rhodes|title=Understanding governance: policy networks, governance, reflexivity, and accountability|publisher=Open University Press|location=Buckingham Philadelphia|year=1997|isbn=9780335197279}}</ref> Netwọk NGO nke mba FSC na-egosipụta echiche nke ọchịchị zuru ụwa ọnụ, ọkachasị na tiori netwọkụ ọchịchị. FSC bụ ihe atụ nke otu ọchịchị netwọk nwere ike isi mepụta mgbanwe na ụlọ ọrụ ma gbaa ndị otu ume ka ha kwalite nkwado nke omume ọhịa mmepụta ihe. Dị ka Bäckstrand (2008) na-ekwu, netwọk ọchịchị FSC na-achịkọta ụlọ ọrụ onwe, òtù dị iche iche na ọha mmadụ n'ụdị na-abụghị ndị isi, iji wepụta onwe ha lebara ebumnuche ụfọdụ anya. Dị ka ụkpụrụ netwọkụ ọchịchị si kwuo, ndị na-eme ihe nkiri na netwọk na-adabere na ibe ha ma na-emekọ ihe ọnụ iji ruo ihe mgbaru ọsọ a kapịrị ọnụ, site n'ịgbanwe ozi ma ọ bụ akụrụngwa. Site na usoro ụlọ, ọchịchị FSC nwere nyocha na mpaghara, mba na mba ụwa nke pụtara na ọ gụnyere mmasị n'agbanyeghị ebe ha dị. Nke a na-enye FSC uru ụfọdụ karịa usoro ọchịchị steeti. Na tiori, dị ka netwọk ọchịchị, ndị òtù FSC na-ekerịta ihe ọmụma, ebumnuche gburugburu ebe obibi na ihe ọmụma nke ihe mgbaru ọsọ ndị ahụ gụnyere. Nke a pụtara na ha na-ahazi nke ọma, na-emeziwanye usoro na nsonaazụ nke atumatu gburugburu ebe obibi ha na-agbaso. Ọzọkwa, ịkekọrịta ihe ọmụma na imekọ ihe ọnụ na-enyere ndị FSC aka imeri nsogbu ndị dị mgbagwoju anya na ndị metụtara. Otú ọ dị, ụfọdụ nkatọ na-atụ aro na ọchịchị netwọk anaghị arụ ọrụ n'ụzọ a mgbe niile. Echiche nchịkwa netwọk na-atụ aro na mmekọrịta kwesịrị ịha nhata, mana enweghị nhata nke ike n'ime netwọk nwere ike ịkpata mmekọrịta dị elu nke ndị na-eme ihe nkiri na-ekpebi. N'ime FSC, ndị na-eme ihe nkiri mba ụwa buru ibu nwere ike inwe mmetụta siri ike karịa ndị na-emetụta obere, nke pụtara na netwọk ọchịchị FSC nwere ike ọ gaghị anọchite anya ndị niile sonyere n'ụzọ ziri ezi. FSC eguzobewo usoro ụlọ iji gbalịa idozi enweghị nkwekọ a. Ọzọkwa, ndị na-eme ihe nkiri na netwọk na-arụ ọrụ dị ka ndị nnọchiteanya nke ụfọdụ otu kamakwa dị ka ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu nwere atụmatụ na ụkpụrụ nke ha, na ndị òtù FSC netwọk na-emekarị ka ndị na-eme ihe na-akpali akpali karịa echiche omume. Ọzọkwa, Sorenson na Torfing (2005) na-arụ ụka na maka netwọk ọchịchị iji nweta ebumnobi ha, ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya ga-achịkwa ha. N'agbanyeghị na n'oge gara aga enwebeghị ntuli aka na usoro ọchịchị FSC, mgbanwe pụtara na ndị ụlọ ọrụ na-ahọpụta bọọdụ ndị isi ugbu a n'usoro ochichi onye kwuo uche ya site na ụlọ ndị otu. == Nkwado na usoro asambodo ụlọ akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ == FSC kwadoro osisi na ihe owuwu nke e ji osisi FSC kwadogide mee nwere ike inye aka na usoro asambodo ụlọ akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ. Ụfọdụ usoro asambodo ụlọ akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na-amata asambodo FSC n'ozuzu ya; ndị ọzọ na-enye akara dị iche iche na ngwaahịa nwere FSC 100, FSC MIX ma ọ bụ FSC RECYCLED. Ngwaahịa osisi FSC kwadoro na-enye aka iji nweta ihe ruru 2 na LEED v4.1 'Nweta nke Raw Materials'.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sourcing of Raw Materials {{!}} U.S. Green Building Council|url=https://www.usgbc.org/credits/new-construction-core-and-shell-schools-new-construction-retail-new-construction-data-26|accessdate=2021-07-31|work=www.usgbc.org|language=en}}</ref> Na mgbakwunye, ngwaahịa osisi FSC nwere ike inye aka nweta akara ruru 1 na LEED v4.1 pilot credit 'Social Equity within the Supply Chain'.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Social Equity within the Supply Chain {{!}} U.S. Green Building Council|url=https://www.usgbc.org/credits/IPpc144-v41|accessdate=2021-07-31|work=www.usgbc.org|language=en}}</ref> === BREEAM === BREEAM na-enye onyinye maka ngwaahịa osisi FSC kwadoro na Mat 03 credit. BREEAM Guidance Note GN18 na-enye akara dị iche iche na FSC 100% (7 isi) na FSC MIX / FSC RECYCLED (5 isi).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Responsible Sourcing in BREEAM|url=https://www.breeam.com/responsible-sourcing-credits/|accessdate=2021-07-31|work=BREEAM|date=20 June 2017|language=en-GB|archivedate=2021-07-31|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210731084337/https://www.breeam.com/responsible-sourcing-credits/}}</ref> === DGNB === DGNB na-amata ngwaahịa osisi FSC kwadoro na ENV1.3 credit.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Übersicht anerkannte Produktlabel {{!}} DGNB System|url=https://www.dgnb-system.de/de/system/labelanerkennung/anerkannte-standards/index.php|accessdate=2021-07-31|work=www.dgnb-system.de|language=de-de|archivedate=2021-05-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210513110826/https://www.dgnb-system.de/de/system/labelanerkennung/anerkannte-standards/index.php}}</ref> FSC Mix na-enweta akara na Quality Level 1.2 (ruo 25 n'ime 100 isi) na FSC 100 / FSC RECYCLED na Quality Level 1.3 (ruo 70 n'ime isi 100. FSC RECYCLED na-enwetakwa akara na Quality Level 2.2. == Atụmatụ asambodo asọmpi == E nwere ọtụtụ atụmatụ asambodo maka nlekọta ọhịa ma e wezụga asambodo FSC.<ref name="whyfsc.com">{{Cite web|author=WhyFSC|url=http://whyfsc.com/index1.asp?menu=7&sub=101|title=WhyFSC Genuine responsible forest management FSC|publisher=Whyfsc.com|accessdate=2013-01-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303213754/http://whyfsc.com/index1.asp?menu=7&sub=101|archivedate=3 March 2016}}</ref> Usoro asambodo ọhịa kachasị asọmpi bụ mmemme maka nkwado nke asambodo ọhịa (PEFC), nke ọtụtụ ndị metụtara ya guzobere, gụnyere njikọ nke ụlọ ọrụ ọhịa, mmepụta pulp na akwụkwọ na ndị nwe ọhịa na nzaghachi maka okike na mmụba nke FSC.<ref>{{Cite web|title=New Reference 24|url=http://www.pefc.org/}}</ref> A katọrọ PEFC maka inwe mmetụta dị nta site n'aka ndị obodo ma ọ bụ òtù gburugburu ebe obibi, enweghị nghọta na ihe ndị na-abụghị ihe ziri ezi.<ref name="whyfsc.com"/> Atụmatụ asambodo ndị ọzọ gụnyere Sustainable Forestry Initiative (SFI), Malaysian Timber Certification Council, Australian Forestry Standard, na [[Keurhout]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=A comparison of the American Forest & Paper Association's sustainable forestry initiative and the Forest Stewardship Council's certification system|url=http://www.yale.edu/forestcertification/pdfs/auditprograms.pdf|publisher=[[American Forest and Paper Association]]|date=June 2001}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mtcc.com.my/|title=Malaysian Timber Certification Council|publisher=Mtcc.com.my|accessdate=2013-01-15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.forestrystandard.org.au/|title=Australian Forestry Standard|publisher=Forestrystandard.org.au|accessdate=2013-01-15|archivedate=2013-01-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130121145400/http://www.forestrystandard.org.au/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.keurhout.nl/en|title=Keurhout|publisher=Keurhout.nl|accessdate=2013-01-15}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Osisi a kwadoro * Akara gburugburu ebe obibi * Kansụl Na-ahụ Maka Ịkpa Mmiri * Kansụl Na-ahụ Maka Ụgbọ Mmiri * Ụkpụrụ nkwado na asambodo * [[Nleba anya oke ọhịa nke nọọrọ onwe ya|Nlekọta ọhịa n'onwe ya]] * Ịsacha osisi == Ihe odide == <references responsive="1"></references> == Njikọ mpụga == * Official website === Nnyocha na ndị na-akwado === * [http://www.fern.org/media/documents/document_1890_1900.pdf Ụzọ ụkwụ n'ime Ọhịa]: Nnyocha FERN nke atụmatụ asambodo ọhịa 8 (2004) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070621091224/http://www2.gtz.de/dokumente/bib/06-0656.pdf Ahụmahụ na atụmatụ ụkpụrụ afọ ofufo na mkparịta ụka ndị metụtara ya. B. Lang GTZ (2006)] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070928042821/http://www.rainforestfoundationuk.org/s-FSC%20challenged%20by%20Norwegian%20consumer%20watchdog Onye Nlekọta Ndị Ahịa Norwegian (otu ndị na-ahụ maka ndị ahịa Norwegian)] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] mi855vi5rhbhdwmqkpovbrepmxs2pe5 0 29776 632263 631192 2026-05-08T04:06:14Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 632263 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Series overview|color1=#8DC4A5|link1=#Season 1 (2021)|episodes1=10|start1={{Start date|2021|9|28}}|end1={{End date|2021|11|30}}|color2=#90A3C3|link2=#Season 2 (2022–23)|episodes2=14|start2={{Start date|2022|9|27}}|end2={{End date|2023|2|28}}}}'''''La Brea''''' bụ usoro ihe nkiri telivishọn sayensị nke America nke malitere na NBC na Septemba 28, 2021.<ref name="SeriesOrder">{{Cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2021/01/american-auto-grand-crew-comedy-pilots-la-brea-drama-picked-up-series-nbc-1234653554/|title='American Auto' & 'Grand Crew' Comedy Pilots, 'La Brea' Drama Picked Up To Series By NBC|work=Deadline Hollywood|first=Nellie|author=Andreeva|date=January 12, 2021|accessdate=January 12, 2021}}</ref><ref name="SeriesPremiere">{{Cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2021/07/nbc-sets-fall-premiere-dates-ordinary-joe-la-brea-chicago-law-order-the-blacklist-thursdays-1234793922/|title=NBC Sets Fall Premiere Dates: New 'Ordinary Joe', 'La Brea', Returning 'Chicago', 'Law & Order'; 'The Blacklist' Moves To Thursdays|work=Deadline Hollywood|first=Denise|author=Petski|date=July 15, 2021|accessdate=July 15, 2021}}</ref> Usoro ahụ, nke Keshet Studios na Universal Television mepụtara, bụ nke David Appelbaum mepụtara ma mepụta. Usoro ahụ nwetara nyocha dị iche iche site n'aka ndị nkatọ. N'ọnwa Nọvemba 2021, e megharịrị usoro ahụ maka oge nke abụọ nke malitere na Septemba 27, 2022.<ref name="S2Renewal">{{Cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2021/11/la-brea-renewed-season-2-nbc-1234873058/|title='La Brea' Renewed For Season 2 At NBC|work=Deadline Hollywood|first=Peter|author=White|date=November 12, 2021|accessdate=November 12, 2021}}</ref><ref name="S2Premiere">{{Cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2022/06/nbc-fall-premiere-dates-2022-quantum-leap-lopez-vs-lopez-1235054298/|title=NBC Sets Fall Premiere Dates: New 'Quantum Leap' & 'Lopez Vs. Lopez', Return Of 'Chicago' & 'Law & Order' Shows, More|work=Deadline Hollywood|first=Erik|author=Pedersen|date=June 29, 2022|accessdate=June 29, 2022}}</ref> Na Jenụwarị 2023, e megharịrị usoro ahụ maka oge nke atọ nke ihe omume 6.<ref name="S3Renewal">{{Cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2023/01/la-brea-renewed-season-3-nbc-1235245683/|title='La Brea' Renewed For Season 3 At NBC|work=Deadline Hollywood|first=Katie|author=Campione|date=January 31, 2023|accessdate=January 31, 2023}}</ref> == Nkọwa == Na mbido afọ 2020, nnukwu olulu mmiri meghere n'etiti [[Los Angeles]] na saịtị La Brea Tar Pits na Wilshire Boulevard. A na-adọta ọtụtụ narị mmadụ, ụgbọala na ụlọ (gụnyere Petersen Automotive Museum) n'ime omimi ya. Ndị lanarịrịnụ na-ahụ onwe ha n'ime ala dị omimi ma dị ize ndụ ebe ha ga-ejikọ ọnụ iji dịrị ndụ. Ihe ngosi ahụ na-eso Eve Harris, Gavin Harris, Izzy Harris, na Josh Harris bụ ndị ihe omume kewara ma na-anwa ịbịakọta. Gavin nwere ọhụụ na-enye ọhụụ nke oge na ebe Iv na Josh nọ. Olulu mmiri na mpụta mberede nke ''Teratornis'' dọtara uche nke Ngalaba Nchebe Obodo nke United States bụ ndị na-amụ ihe omume yiri nke ahụ na Mojave Desert. Ka usoro ahụ na-aga n'ihu, ndị nyocha ahụ ghọtara na sinkholes na-enye ọnụ ụzọ nwa oge n'otu ebe ahụ na 10,000 BC. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ndị lanarịrịnụ na-agba mbọ ịchọta ụzọ azụ site na ọnụ ụzọ mbata tupu ọ mechie. Oge nke abụọ kpughere na ọ bụ Lazarọs Project nke ndị mmadụ na-arụ ọrụ site na 2076 kpatara sinkholes ahụ bụ ndị na-arụsi ọrụ ike ịchọta ụzọ ha ga-esi dozie ihe onwunwe oge ha gwụrụ yana nyocha otu esi achịkwa mkpochapụ. Onye isi ọrụ Lazarọs bụ nna Gavin furu efu James Mallet. == Ndị na-eme ihe nkiri == === Isi === * Natalie Zea dị ka Eve Harris, nne helikopta na onye njikwa ọfịs nke dabara n'ime olulu mmiri, nne Izzy na Josh. * Eoin Macken dị ka Gavin Harris, di nke Eve na onye bụbu onye na-anya ụgbọelu agha nke nwere ọhụụ nke 10,000 BC. ** Diesel La Torraca gosipụtara Isaiah, nwata nwoke n'oge gara aga nke tolitere ịghọ Gavin Harris mgbe e zigara ya n'oge * [[Chiké Okonkwo]] dị ka Ty Coleman, onye na-agwọ ọrịa nwere ọnọdụ ahụike nke Eve na-emete enyi * Karina Logue dị ka Marybeth Hill (oge 1), onye uwe ojii si Baton Rouge, [[Luwisiánà|Louisiana]], onye nọ na Los Angeles mgbe ọ na-eso nwa ya nwoke Lucas. Otu n'ime ndị na-eso ụzọ Silas mechara merụọ ya ahụ nke ukwuu ma nwụọ n'aka Lucas. * Zyra Gorecki dị ka Izzy Harris, nwa nwanyị Eve na Gavin dị afọ iri na ụma nke tụfuru ụkwụ aka ekpe ya n'ihe mberede ụgbọala mgbe onye agbata obi na-akwọ ya n'ụlọ * Jack Martin dị ka Josh Harris, nwa nwoke dị afọ iri na ụma nke Eve na Gavin nke dabara n'ime olulu mmiri * Veronica St. Clair dị ka Riley Velez, nwa nwanyị Dr. Sam Velez onye Josh na-emete enyi * Rohan Mirchandaney dị ka Scott Israni, nwa akwụkwọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na anthropology si Australia nke na-arụ ọrụ na George C. Page Museum ma bụrụ onye na-eji ọgwụ ọjọọ eme ihe ntụrụndụ nke na-eji wii wii iji belata nchegbu ya. * Lily Santiago dị ka Veronica Castillo, nwa agbọghọ na-ekpe okpukpe na onye bụbu onye gbapụrụ agbapụ nke nwere mmetụta dị njọ mgbe ajọ anụ ọhịa wolf gburu nna ya Aaron, ọ bụ ezie na e mechara kpughee na Aaron tọọrọ ya mgbe ọ bụ nwatakịrị. * Chloe De Los Santos dị ka Lilly Castillo (oge 1), nwa agbọghọ na-eme ka ọ ghara ikwu okwu ma tụgharịa dị ka nwanne nwanyị Veronica mgbe Veronica na Aaron tọọrọ ya n'ezie. ** Michelle Vergara Moore dị ka Ella Jones (oge 2; oge na-aga n'ihu 1), ụdị Lilly toro eto nke sochiri Isaiah ruo ugbu a ma too ghọọ onye na-ese ihe.<ref name="Carmelo/Moore Series Regulars">{{Cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2022/05/la-brea-tonantzin-carmelo-michelle-vergara-moore-series-regulars-season-2-1235021430|title='La Brea': Tonantzin Carmelo and Michelle Vergara Moore Upped To Series Regulars For Season 2/|work=[[Deadline Hollywood]]|author=Cordero|first=Rosy|date=May 12, 2022|accessdate=May 12, 2022}}</ref> O mechara chụọ ndụ ya n'àjà iji kwe ka Veronica nwee Epipen mgbe ha abụọ na-ata ha abụọ na yellowjackets na-egbu egbu. * Jon Seda dị ka Dr. Sam Velez, nna Riley, dọkịta, na onye bụbu SEAL * Josh McKenzie dị ka Lucas Hayes, nwa nwoke Marybeth nke na-anọpụ iche bụ onye na-ere ahịa heroin ma nwee mmekọrịta ọjọọ na nne ya kemgbe ọ gbagburu nna ya n'ihi na ọ na-eme atụmatụ ịrara nwa ha nye ndị uwe ojii iji zọpụta onwe ya. * Nicholas Gonzalez dị ka Levi Delgado, onye na-anya ụgbọelu United States Air Force na enyi ochie nke ezinụlọ Harris na onye na-asọ mpi maka nwunye Gavin, Eve, ịhụnanya. * Tonantzin Carmelo dị ka Paara (oge 2; oge na-aga n'ihu 1), onye American Tongva nke na-asụ Bekee nke oge a zuru oke ma na-ebi na Fort<ref name="Carmelo/Moore Series Regulars" /> === Ịlọghachi === * Ione Skye dị ka Jessica Harris (oge 1), nwanne nwanyị nkuchi Gavin na nwanne nne Izzy na Josh * Virginie Laverdure dị ka Dr. Sophia Nathan (oge 1), onye ọrụ Ngalaba Nchebe nke United States nke na-enyocha olulu mmiri ahụ * Toby Truslove dị ka Senior Agent Adam Markman, onye ọrụ nke United States Department of Defense na onye ọrụ ibe Dr. Nathan nke na-enyocha olulu mmiri ahụ * [[Pacharo Mzembe]] dị ka Tony Greene (oge 1), nwoke dara n'olulu mmiri. Mgbe ọ nọ na 10,000 BC, ọ na-arụzi Jeep. * Stephen Lopez dị ka Billy Fisher (oge 1), di Tony nke dara n'olulu mmiri wee tụfuo enyo anya ya * Damien Fotiou dị ka Juda * Ming-Zhu Hii dị ka Dr. Rebecca Aldridge (oge 1-2), onye ọkà mmụta sayensị gọọmentị nke maara ihe banyere ọnụ ụzọ oge na sinkholes karịa ka ọ na-ekwe ka ọ na onye yiri ka ọ na - na-eduzi ma ọ bụ na-emetụta omume na mkpebi ndị ọzọ mere * Mark Lee dị ka Silas, agadi nwoke bi n'ogige ahụ na 10,000 BC onye a mara dị ka nna nna Isaiah na nna Caroline na-eme ka ọ bụrụ nna nna Izzy na Josh * Martin Sensmeier dị ka Taamet (oge nke abụọ), onye ndú nke ndị a chụpụrụ achụpụ nke na-asụkwa asụsụ Tongva n'ihi na ọ bụ di mbụ nke Paara.<ref name="MartinS">{{Cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2022/09/la-brea-martin-sensmeier-season-2-cast-nbc-series-1235124772/|title='La Brea': Martin Sensmeier Joins Season 2 Cast Of NBC Series|work=Deadline Hollywood|first=Rosy|author=Cordero|date=September 22, 2022|accessdate=September 22, 2022}}</ref> Tupu ọ nwụọ site na ọnyá mma Scott kpatara, Taamet gwara Gavin na Sam na Kiera goro ya ka ọ wakpo akwụkwọ ahụ e kpughere na Aaron nwere. * Jonno Roberts dị ka James Mallet (oge nke abụọ), onye nduzi nke Lazarus Project site na 2076 onye bụ nna Gavin furu efu ogologo oge na nna nna Izzy na Josh.<ref name="Roberts recurring">{{Cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2022/07/la-brea-jonno-roberts-season-2-nbc-series-1235063742/|title='La Brea': Jonno Roberts Joins Season 2 Of NBC Series|work=Deadline Hollywood|first=Denise|author=Petski|date=July 15, 2022|accessdate=July 15, 2022}}</ref> Tupu ọ nwụọ site na mmerụ ahụ ya n'oge ya na Gavin na-alụ ọgụ, James dụrụ Gavin ọdụ ka ọ gwa nwanne ya nwanyị, onye ga-abịa maka ya, na nna ha adaala. * Melissa Neal dị ka Caroline Clark (oge nke abụọ), onye ọkà mmụta sayensị sitere na 2076 bụ nwa nwanyị Silas, nne Isaiah / Gavin, na nne nne Josh na Izzy. Caroline bụ onye bụbu onye ndú nke Lazarọs Project onye laghachiri / gaa n'ihu n'oge na 1988 iji chọta ihe kpatara ya na ịkwụsị okike nke sinkholes na-ebibi ihe nke e kere dị ka mmetụta na-achọghị site na iji ọnụ ụzọ Lazarọs Project na 10,000 BC. Kiera mechara gbuo ya. * Simone McAullay dị ka Kiera, onye otu Lazarus Project na onye na-enyere James aka na atụmatụ nke ya == Ihe omume == === Nchịkọta usoro === {{Episode table|background=#8DC4A5|overall=5|season=5|title=18|titleR=|director=14|writer=24|airdate=18|airdateR=|country=U.S.|viewers=9|episodes={{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 1 |EpisodeNumber2 = 1 |Title = Pilot |DirectedBy = [[Thor Freudenthal]] |WrittenBy = David Appelbaum |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2021|9|28}} |Viewers = 6.37<ref name="1.01">{{cite web|url=https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-tuesday-9-28-2021-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|title=ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 9.28.2021 Updated|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|date=September 29, 2021|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|access-date=September 29, 2021|accessdate=August 19, 2023|archivedate=October 14, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211014075800/https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-tuesday-9-28-2021-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = <!-- Episode summaries must be expressed in your own words. Do NOT submit content you find from another web site as it is plagiarism and likely a copyright violation, which Wikipedia cannot accept and will be removed or reverted. Superficially modifying copyrighted content or closely paraphrasing it, even if the source is cited, still constitutes a copyright violation. Summaries should be about 100 to 200 words in length, per MOS:TVPLOT, and those substantially less than 100 words are most likely to be scrutinized for possible copyright violation. --> |LineColor = 8DC4A5 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 2 |EpisodeNumber2 = 2 |Title = Day Two |DirectedBy = [[Cherie Nowlan]] |WrittenBy = David Appelbaum |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2021|10|5}} |Viewers = 5.05<ref name="1.02">{{cite web|url=https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-tuesday-10-5-2021-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|title=ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 10.5.2021 Updated|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|date=October 6, 2021|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|access-date=October 6, 2021|accessdate=August 19, 2023|archivedate=October 7, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211007140838/https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-tuesday-10-5-2021-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = <!-- Episode summaries must be expressed in your own words. Do NOT submit content you find from another web site as it is plagiarism and likely a copyright violation, which Wikipedia cannot accept and will be removed or reverted. Superficially modifying copyrighted content or closely paraphrasing it, even if the source is cited, still constitutes a copyright violation. Summaries should be about 100 to 200 words in length, per MOS:TVPLOT, and those substantially less than 100 words are most likely to be scrutinized for possible copyright violation. --> |LineColor = 8DC4A5 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 3 |EpisodeNumber2 = 3 |Title = The Hunt |DirectedBy = [[Adam Davidson (director)|Adam Davidson]] |WrittenBy = [[Jose Molina (writer)|Jose Molina]] |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2021|10|12}} |Viewers = 5.06<ref name="1.03">{{cite web|url=https://programminginsider.com/tuesday-ratings-cbs-and-nbc-share-leadership-respectable-week-3-performance-for-nbcs-la-brea/|title=Tuesday Ratings: CBS and NBC Share Leadership; Respectable Week 3 Performance for NBC's 'La Brea'|first=Marc|last=Berman|work=Programming Insider|date=October 13, 2021|accessdate=November 7, 2021}}</ref> |ShortSummary = <!-- Episode summaries must be expressed in your own words. Do NOT submit content you find from another web site as it is plagiarism and likely a copyright violation, which Wikipedia cannot accept and will be removed or reverted. Superficially modifying copyrighted content or closely paraphrasing it, even if the source is cited, still constitutes a copyright violation. Summaries should be about 100 to 200 words in length, per MOS:TVPLOT, and those substantially less than 100 words are most likely to be scrutinized for possible copyright violation. --> |LineColor = 8DC4A5 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 4 |EpisodeNumber2 = 4 |Title = The New Arrival |DirectedBy = Thor Freudenthal |WrittenBy = Zakiyyah Alexander |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2021|10|19}} |Viewers = 5.12<ref name="1.04">{{cite web|url=https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-tuesday-10-19-2021-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|title=ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 10.19.2021 Updated|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|date=October 20, 2021|work=Showbuzz Daily|access-date=October 20, 2021|accessdate=August 19, 2023|archivedate=October 20, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211020202011/https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-tuesday-10-19-2021-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = <!-- Episode summaries must be expressed in your own words. Do NOT submit content you find from another web site as it is plagiarism and likely a copyright violation, which Wikipedia cannot accept and will be removed or reverted. Superficially modifying copyrighted content or closely paraphrasing it, even if the source is cited, still constitutes a copyright violation. Summaries should be about 100 to 200 words in length, per MOS:TVPLOT, and those substantially less than 100 words are most likely to be scrutinized for possible copyright violation. --> |LineColor = 8DC4A5 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 5 |EpisodeNumber2 = 5 |Title = The Fort |DirectedBy = [[Greg McLean (film director)|Greg McLean]] |WrittenBy = Arika Lisanne Mittman |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2021|10|26}} |Viewers = 5.20<ref name="1.05">{{cite web|url=https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-tuesday-10-26-2021-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|title=ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 10.26.2021 Updated|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|date=October 27, 2021|work=Showbuzz Daily|access-date=October 27, 2021|accessdate=August 19, 2023|archivedate=November 7, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211107201324/https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-tuesday-10-26-2021-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = <!-- Episode summaries must be expressed in your own words. Do NOT submit content you find from another web site as it is plagiarism and likely a copyright violation, which Wikipedia cannot accept and will be removed or reverted. Superficially modifying copyrighted content or closely paraphrasing it, even if the source is cited, still constitutes a copyright violation. Summaries should be about 100 to 200 words in length, per MOS:TVPLOT, and those substantially less than 100 words are most likely to be scrutinized for possible copyright violation. --> |LineColor = 8DC4A5 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 6 |EpisodeNumber2 = 6 |Title = The Way Home |DirectedBy = Adam Davidson |WrittenBy = Steven Lilien & Bryan Wynbrandt |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2021|11|2}} |Viewers = 4.03<ref name="1.06">{{cite web|url=https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-tuesday-11-2-2021-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|title=ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 11.2.2021 Updated|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|date=November 3, 2021|work=Showbuzz Daily|access-date=November 3, 2021|accessdate=August 19, 2023|archivedate=April 22, 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220422224736/https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-tuesday-11-2-2021-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = <!-- Episode summaries must be expressed in your own words. Do NOT submit content you find from another web site as it is plagiarism and likely a copyright violation, which Wikipedia cannot accept and will be removed or reverted. Superficially modifying copyrighted content or closely paraphrasing it, even if the source is cited, still constitutes a copyright violation. Summaries should be about 100 to 200 words in length, per MOS:TVPLOT, and those substantially less than 100 words are most likely to be scrutinized for possible copyright violation. --> |LineColor = 8DC4A5 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 7 |EpisodeNumber2 = 7 |Title = The Storm |DirectedBy = Thor Freudenthal |WrittenBy = Aiyana White |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2021|11|9}} |Viewers = 4.70<ref name="1.07">{{cite web|url=https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-tuesday-11-9-2021-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|title=ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 11.9.2021 Updated|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|date=November 10, 2021|work=Showbuzz Daily|access-date=November 10, 2021|accessdate=August 19, 2023|archivedate=November 11, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211111013856/https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-tuesday-11-9-2021-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = <!-- Episode summaries must be expressed in your own words. Do NOT submit content you find from another web site as it is plagiarism and likely a copyright violation, which Wikipedia cannot accept and will be removed or reverted. Superficially modifying copyrighted content or closely paraphrasing it, even if the source is cited, still constitutes a copyright violation. Summaries should be about 100 to 200 words in length, per MOS:TVPLOT, and those substantially less than 100 words are most likely to be scrutinized for possible copyright violation. --> |LineColor = 8DC4A5 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 8 |EpisodeNumber2 = 8 |Title = Origins |DirectedBy = Cherie Nowlan |WrittenBy = Jessica Granger & Andre Edmonds |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2021|11|16}} |Viewers = 4.67<ref name="1.08">{{cite web|url=https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-tuesday-11-16-2021-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|title=ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 11.16.2021 Updated|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|date=November 17, 2021|work=Showbuzz Daily|access-date=November 17, 2021|accessdate=August 19, 2023|archivedate=November 17, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211117211815/https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-tuesday-11-16-2021-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = <!-- Episode summaries must be expressed in your own words. Do NOT submit content you find from another web site as it is plagiarism and likely a copyright violation, which Wikipedia cannot accept and will be removed or reverted. Superficially modifying copyrighted content or closely paraphrasing it, even if the source is cited, still constitutes a copyright violation. Summaries should be about 100 to 200 words in length, per MOS:TVPLOT, and those substantially less than 100 words are most likely to be scrutinized for possible copyright violation. --> |LineColor = 8DC4A5 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 9 |EpisodeNumber2 = 9 |Title = Father and Son |DirectedBy = Thor Freudenthal |WrittenBy = Arika Lisanne Mittman |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2021|11|23}} |Viewers = 4.33<ref name="1.09">{{cite web|url=https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-tuesday-11-23-2021-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|title=ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 11.23.2021 Updated|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|date=November 24, 2021|work=Showbuzz Daily|access-date=November 24, 2021|accessdate=August 19, 2023|archivedate=November 24, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211124211512/https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-tuesday-11-23-2021-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = <!-- Episode summaries must be expressed in your own words. Do NOT submit content you find from another web site as it is plagiarism and likely a copyright violation, which Wikipedia cannot accept and will be removed or reverted. Superficially modifying copyrighted content or closely paraphrasing it, even if the source is cited, still constitutes a copyright violation. Summaries should be about 100 to 200 words in length, per MOS:TVPLOT, and those substantially less than 100 words are most likely to be scrutinized for possible copyright violation. --> |LineColor = 8DC4A5 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 10 |EpisodeNumber2 = 10 |Title = Topanga |DirectedBy = Adam Davidson |WrittenBy = David Appelbaum |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2021|11|30}} |Viewers = 4.94<ref name="1.10">{{cite web|url=https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-tuesday-11-30-2021-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|title=ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 11.30.2021 Updated|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|date=December 1, 2021|work=Showbuzz Daily|access-date=December 2, 2021|accessdate=August 19, 2023|archivedate=May 14, 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220514003737/https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-tuesday-11-30-2021-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals-to-come.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = <!-- Episode summaries must be expressed in your own words. Do NOT submit content you find from another web site as it is plagiarism and likely a copyright violation, which Wikipedia cannot accept and will be removed or reverted. Superficially modifying copyrighted content or closely paraphrasing it, even if the source is cited, still constitutes a copyright violation. Summaries should be about 100 to 200 words in length, per MOS:TVPLOT, and those substantially less than 100 words are most likely to be scrutinized for possible copyright violation. --> |LineColor = 8DC4A5 }}}} === Oge 1 (2021) === {{Episode table|background=#90A3C3|overall=5|season=5|title=18|titleR=<ref name="TFC"/>|director=14|writer=24|airdate=18|airdateR=<ref name="TFC">{{cite web|url=http://www.thefutoncritic.com/showatch/la-brea/listings/|title=Shows A-Z - la brea on nbc|website=[[The Futon Critic]]|access-date=February 28, 2023}}</ref>|country=U.S.|viewers=9|episodes={{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 11 |EpisodeNumber2 = 1 |Title = The Next Day |DirectedBy = [[Adam Davidson (director)|Adam Davidson]] |WrittenBy = David Appelbaum & Steven Lilien & Bryan Wynbrandt |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|9|27}} |Viewers = 3.86<ref name="2.01">{{cite web |url=https://programminginsider.com/tuesday-ratings-quiet-start-for-the-rookie-feds-on-abc-newbie-monarch-slips-further-on-fox/ |title=Tuesday Ratings: Quiet Start for 'The Rookie: Feds' on ABC; Newbie 'Monarch' Slips Further on Fox |last=Berman |first=Marc |date=September 28, 2022 |work=Programming Insider |access-date=December 2, 2022}}</ref> |ShortSummary = <!-- Episode summaries must be expressed in your own words. Do NOT submit content you find from another web site as it is plagiarism and likely a copyright violation, which Wikipedia cannot accept and will be removed or reverted. Superficially modifying copyrighted content or closely paraphrasing it, even if the source is cited, still constitutes a copyright violation. Summaries should be about 100 to 200 words in length, per MOS:TVPLOT, and those substantially less than 100 words are most likely to be scrutinized for possible copyright violation. --> |LineColor = 90A3C3 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 12 |EpisodeNumber2 = 2 |Title = The Cave |DirectedBy = Adam Davidson |WrittenBy = [[Rob Wright (writer)|Rob Wright]] |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|10|4}} |Viewers = 3.90<ref name="2.02">{{cite web|url=https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-tuesday-10-4-2022-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|title=ShowBuzzDaily's Tuesday 10.4.2022 Top 150 Cable Originals & Network Finals Updated|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|date=October 5, 2022|work=Showbuzz Daily|access-date=October 5, 2022|accessdate=August 19, 2023|archivedate=October 5, 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221005200736/https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-tuesday-10-4-2022-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = <!-- Episode summaries must be expressed in your own words. Do NOT submit content you find from another web site as it is plagiarism and likely a copyright violation, which Wikipedia cannot accept and will be removed or reverted. Superficially modifying copyrighted content or closely paraphrasing it, even if the source is cited, still constitutes a copyright violation. Summaries should be about 100 to 200 words in length, per MOS:TVPLOT, and those substantially less than 100 words are most likely to be scrutinized for possible copyright violation. --> |LineColor = 90A3C3 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 13 |EpisodeNumber2 = 3 |Title = The Great Escape |DirectedBy = [[David Barrett (director)|David M. Barrett]] |WrittenBy = Arika Lisanne Mittman |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|10|11}} |Viewers = 3.54<ref name="2.03">{{cite web|url=https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-tuesday-10-11-2022-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|title=ShowBuzzDaily's Tuesday 10.11.2022 Top 150 Cable Originals & Network Finals Updated|last=Salem|first=Mitch|date=October 12, 2022|work=Showbuzz Daily|access-date=October 12, 2022|accessdate=August 19, 2023|archivedate=October 17, 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221017085201/https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-tuesday-10-11-2022-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = <!-- Episode summaries must be expressed in your own words. Do NOT submit content you find from another web site as it is plagiarism and likely a copyright violation, which Wikipedia cannot accept and will be removed or reverted. Superficially modifying copyrighted content or closely paraphrasing it, even if the source is cited, still constitutes a copyright violation. Summaries should be about 100 to 200 words in length, per MOS:TVPLOT, and those substantially less than 100 words are most likely to be scrutinized for possible copyright violation. --> |LineColor = 90A3C3 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 14 |EpisodeNumber2 = 4 |Title = The Fog |DirectedBy = [[Ron Underwood]] |WrittenBy = Andre Edmonds |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|10|18}} |Viewers = 3.38<ref name="2.04">{{cite web|url=https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-tuesday-10-18-2022-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|title=ShowBuzzDaily's Tuesday 10.18.2022 Top 150 Cable Originals & Network Finals Updated|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|date=October 19, 2022|work=Showbuzz Daily|access-date=October 19, 2022|accessdate=August 19, 2023|archivedate=October 20, 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221020000710/https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-tuesday-10-18-2022-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = <!-- Episode summaries must be expressed in your own words. Do NOT submit content you find from another web site as it is plagiarism and likely a copyright violation, which Wikipedia cannot accept and will be removed or reverted. Superficially modifying copyrighted content or closely paraphrasing it, even if the source is cited, still constitutes a copyright violation. Summaries should be about 100 to 200 words in length, per MOS:TVPLOT, and those substantially less than 100 words are most likely to be scrutinized for possible copyright violation. --> |LineColor = 90A3C3 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 15 |EpisodeNumber2 = 5 |Title = The Heist |DirectedBy = David M. Barrett |WrittenBy = Jessica Granger |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|10|25}} |Viewers = 3.47<ref name="2.05">{{cite web|url=https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-tuesday-10-25-2022-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|title=ShowBuzzDaily's Tuesday 10.25.2022 Top 150 Cable Originals & Network Finals Updated|last=Salem|first=Mitch|date=October 26, 2022|work=Showbuzz Daily|access-date=October 26, 2022|accessdate=August 19, 2023|archivedate=October 27, 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221027033841/https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-tuesday-10-25-2022-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = <!-- Episode summaries must be expressed in your own words. Do NOT submit content you find from another web site as it is plagiarism and likely a copyright violation, which Wikipedia cannot accept and will be removed or reverted. Superficially modifying copyrighted content or closely paraphrasing it, even if the source is cited, still constitutes a copyright violation. Summaries should be about 100 to 200 words in length, per MOS:TVPLOT, and those substantially less than 100 words are most likely to be scrutinized for possible copyright violation. --> |LineColor = 90A3C3 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 16 |EpisodeNumber2 = 6 |Title = Lazarus |DirectedBy = Adam Davidson |WrittenBy = Bisanne Masoud |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|11|1}} |Viewers = 3.47<ref name="2.06">{{cite web|url=https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-tuesday-11-1-2022-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|title=ShowBuzzDaily's Tuesday 11.1.2022 Top 150 Cable Originals & Network Finals Updated|last=Salem|first=Mitch|date=November 2, 2022|work=Showbuzz Daily|access-date=November 2, 2022|accessdate=August 19, 2023|archivedate=November 3, 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221103004040/https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-tuesday-11-1-2022-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = <!-- Episode summaries must be expressed in your own words. Do NOT submit content you find from another web site as it is plagiarism and likely a copyright violation, which Wikipedia cannot accept and will be removed or reverted. Superficially modifying copyrighted content or closely paraphrasing it, even if the source is cited, still constitutes a copyright violation. Summaries should be about 100 to 200 words in length, per MOS:TVPLOT, and those substantially less than 100 words are most likely to be scrutinized for possible copyright violation. --> |LineColor = 90A3C3 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 17 |EpisodeNumber2 = 7 |Title = 1988 |DirectedBy = Dan Liu |WrittenBy = Erica Meredith |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|11|15}} |Viewers = 3.31<ref name="2.07">{{cite web|url=https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-tuesday-11-14-2022-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|title=ShowBuzzDaily's Tuesday 11.14.2022 Top 150 Cable Originals & Network Finals Updated|last=Salem|first=Mitch|date=November 15, 2022|work=Showbuzz Daily|access-date=November 15, 2022}}{{Dead link|date=May 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> |ShortSummary = <!-- Episode summaries must be expressed in your own words. Do NOT submit content you find from another web site as it is plagiarism and likely a copyright violation, which Wikipedia cannot accept and will be removed or reverted. Superficially modifying copyrighted content or closely paraphrasing it, even if the source is cited, still constitutes a copyright violation. Summaries should be about 100 to 200 words in length, per MOS:TVPLOT, and those substantially less than 100 words are most likely to be scrutinized for possible copyright violation. --> |LineColor = 90A3C3 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 18 |EpisodeNumber2 = 8 |Title = Stampede |DirectedBy = [[Christine Moore (director)|Christine Moore]] |WrittenBy = [[Russel Friend]] |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|1|31}} |Viewers = 2.20<ref name="2.08–2.09">{{cite web|url=https://programminginsider.com/tuesday-ratings-soft-return-for-nbcs-la-brea-another-solid-showing-for-the-peacock-nets-night-court-reboot/|title=Tuesday Ratings: Soft Return for NBC's 'La Brea'; Another Solid Showing for the Peacock Net's 'Night Court' Reboot|work=Programming Insider|first=Marc|last=Berman|date=February 1, 2023|access-date=February 1, 2023}}</ref> |ShortSummary = <!-- Episode summaries must be expressed in your own words. Do NOT submit content you find from another web site as it is plagiarism and likely a copyright violation, which Wikipedia cannot accept and will be removed or reverted. Superficially modifying copyrighted content or closely paraphrasing it, even if the source is cited, still constitutes a copyright violation. Summaries should be about 100 to 200 words in length, per MOS:TVPLOT, and those substantially less than 100 words are most likely to be scrutinized for possible copyright violation. --> |LineColor = 90A3C3 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 19 |EpisodeNumber2 = 9 |Title = Murder in the Clearing |DirectedBy = [[Nick Gomez]] |WrittenBy = Peter Beals & Onalee Hunter Hughes |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|1|31}} |Viewers = 2.02<ref name="2.08–2.09"/> |ShortSummary = <!-- Episode summaries must be expressed in your own words. Do NOT submit content you find from another web site as it is plagiarism and likely a copyright violation, which Wikipedia cannot accept and will be removed or reverted. Superficially modifying copyrighted content or closely paraphrasing it, even if the source is cited, still constitutes a copyright violation. Summaries should be about 100 to 200 words in length, per MOS:TVPLOT, and those substantially less than 100 words are most likely to be scrutinized for possible copyright violation. --> |LineColor = 90A3C3 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 20 |EpisodeNumber2 = 10 |Title = The Return |DirectedBy = [[Greg McLean (film director)|Greg McLean]] |WrittenBy = Rob Wright |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|2|14}} |Viewers = 2.12<ref name="2.10">{{cite web|url=https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-tuesday-2-14-2023-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|title=ShowBuzzDaily's Tuesday 2.14.2023 Top 150 Cable Originals & Network Finals Updated|work=Showbuzz Daily|first=Mitch|last=Metcalf|date=February 15, 2023|access-date=February 15, 2023|accessdate=August 19, 2023|archivedate=February 15, 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230215223222/https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-tuesday-2-14-2023-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = <!-- Episode summaries must be expressed in your own words. Do NOT submit content you find from another web site as it is plagiarism and likely a copyright violation, which Wikipedia cannot accept and will be removed or reverted. Superficially modifying copyrighted content or closely paraphrasing it, even if the source is cited, still constitutes a copyright violation. Summaries should be about 100 to 200 words in length, per MOS:TVPLOT, and those substantially less than 100 words are most likely to be scrutinized for possible copyright violation. --> |LineColor = 90A3C3 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 21 |EpisodeNumber2 = 11 |Title = The Wedding |DirectedBy = Tara Miele |WrittenBy = [[Jerome Schwartz]] |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|2|21}} |Viewers = 1.98<ref name="2.11–2.12">{{cite web|url=https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-tuesday-2-21-2023-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|title=ShowBuzzDaily's Tuesday 2.21.2023 Top 150 Cable Originals & Network Finals Updated|work=Showbuzz Daily|first=Mitch|last=Salem|date=February 23, 2023|access-date=February 23, 2023|accessdate=August 19, 2023|archivedate=February 23, 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230223154629/https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-tuesday-2-21-2023-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = <!-- Episode summaries must be expressed in your own words. Do NOT submit content you find from another web site as it is plagiarism and likely a copyright violation, which Wikipedia cannot accept and will be removed or reverted. Superficially modifying copyrighted content or closely paraphrasing it, even if the source is cited, still constitutes a copyright violation. Summaries should be about 100 to 200 words in length, per MOS:TVPLOT, and those substantially less than 100 words are most likely to be scrutinized for possible copyright violation. --> |LineColor = 90A3C3 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 22 |EpisodeNumber2 = 12 |Title = The Swarm |DirectedBy = [[Rose Troche]] |WrittenBy = Christopher Hollier |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|2|21}} |Viewers = 1.72<ref name="2.11–2.12"/> |ShortSummary = <!-- Episode summaries must be expressed in your own words. Do NOT submit content you find from another web site as it is plagiarism and likely a copyright violation, which Wikipedia cannot accept and will be removed or reverted. Superficially modifying copyrighted content or closely paraphrasing it, even if the source is cited, still constitutes a copyright violation. Summaries should be about 100 to 200 words in length, per MOS:TVPLOT, and those substantially less than 100 words are most likely to be scrutinized for possible copyright violation. --> |LineColor = 90A3C3 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 23 |EpisodeNumber2 = 13 |Title = The Journey, Part 1 |DirectedBy = [[Cherie Nowlan]] |WrittenBy = David Appelbaum |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|2|28}} |Viewers = 1.92<ref name="2.13–2.14">{{cite web|url=https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-tuesday-2-28-2023-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html|title=ShowBuzzDaily's Tuesday 2.28.2023 Top 150 Cable Originals & Network Finals Updated|work=Showbuzz Daily|first=Mitch|last=Metcalf|date=March 1, 2023|access-date=March 1, 2023|accessdate=August 19, 2023|archivedate=March 1, 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230301212551/https://showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-tuesday-2-28-2023-top-150-cable-originals-network-finals.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = <!-- Episode summaries must be expressed in your own words. Do NOT submit content you find from another web site as it is plagiarism and likely a copyright violation, which Wikipedia cannot accept and will be removed or reverted. Superficially modifying copyrighted content or closely paraphrasing it, even if the source is cited, still constitutes a copyright violation. Summaries should be about 100 to 200 words in length, per MOS:TVPLOT, and those substantially less than 100 words are most likely to be scrutinized for possible copyright violation. --> |LineColor = 90A3C3 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 24 |EpisodeNumber2 = 14 |Title = The Journey, Part 2 |DirectedBy = Adam Davidson |WrittenBy = David Appelbaum |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|2|28}} |Viewers = 1.77<ref name="2.13–2.14"/> |ShortSummary = <!-- Episode summaries must be expressed in your own words. Do NOT submit content you find from another web site as it is plagiarism and likely a copyright violation, which Wikipedia cannot accept and will be removed or reverted. Superficially modifying copyrighted content or closely paraphrasing it, even if the source is cited, still constitutes a copyright violation. Summaries should be about 100 to 200 words in length, per MOS:TVPLOT, and those substantially less than 100 words are most likely to be scrutinized for possible copyright violation. --> |LineColor = 90A3C3 }}}}{{Television season ratings|link1=#Season 1 (2021)|timeslot1=Tuesday 9:00&nbsp;p.m.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thefutoncritic.com/showatch/la-brea/listings/|title=Shows A-Z - la brea on nbc |website=[[The Futon Critic]]|access-date=July 4, 2023}}</ref>|timeslot_length1=2|episodes1=10|start1={{Start date|2021|09|28}}|startrating1=6.37<ref name="1.01"/>|end1={{End date|2021|11|30}}|endrating1=4.94<ref name="1.10"/>|season1=2021–22|link2=#Season 2 (2022–23)|episodes2=14|start2={{Start date|2022|09|27}}|startrating2=3.86<ref name="2.01"/>|end2={{Start date|2023|02|28}}|endrating2=1.77<ref name="2.13–2.14"/>|season2=2022–23}} === Oge nke Abụọ (2022-23) === {{Infobox television|image= |genre={{Plainlist| * [[Science fiction]] * [[Drama (film and television)|Drama]] }}|creator=David Appelbaum|starring={{Plainlist| * [[Natalie Zea]] * [[Eoin Macken]] * [[Chiké Okonkwo]] * Karina Logue * Zyra Gorecki * Jack Martin * [[Veronica St. Clair]] * Rohan Mirchandaney * Lily Santiago * Chloe De Los Santos * [[Jon Seda]] * Josh McKenzie * [[Nicholas Gonzalez]] * [[Tonantzin Carmelo]] * [[Michelle Vergara Moore]] <!-- Starring cast order is according to original broadcasting credits (the pilot episode). Do NOT rearrange cast order, per [[MOS:TVCAST]]. In addition, new starring cast members will be at the bottom of the list. --> }}|music=[[James S. Levine]]|country=United States|language=English|num_seasons=2<!--Only increment as a new season premieres, per the documentation of the template.-->|num_episodes=24<!--Only increment as a new episode premieres, per the documentation of the template.-->|list_episodes=|executive_producer={{Plainlist| * [[Ken Woodruff]] * Arika Lisanne Mittman * [[Thor Freudenthal]] * [[Adam Davidson (director)|Adam Davidson]] * [[Avi Nir]] * [[Alon Shtruzman]] * [[Peter Traugott]] * Rachel Kaplan * Steven Lilien & Bryan Wynbrandt * David Appelbaum * Christopher Hollier }}|producer={{Plainlist| * Asher Landay * Livia Hanich * Naomi Cleaver * Zakiyyah Alexander * John Mabry * Stu Wood * Jessica Granger * Andre Edmonds * Jeff Rafner * Sam Thompson }}|location=[[Melbourne]], [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]], [[Australia]]|cinematography={{Plainlist| * Mark Wareham * Damian Wyvill * Dan Maxwell }}|editor={{Plainlist| * Harry B. Miller III * Angie Higgins * Leland Sexton * Julie-Anne De Ruvo * Dave Redman * Michael Melis * Ben Joss * Peter Carrodus * Katrina Barker }}|camera=|runtime=43 minutes|company={{Plainlist| * [[Matchbox Pictures]] * [[Keshet International#Keshet Studios|Keshet Studios]] * Bad Apple * [[Universal Television]] }}|network=[[NBC]]|first_aired={{Start date|2021|9|28}}|last_aired={{End date|present}}}} == Mmepụta == === Ọganihu === Na Jenụwarị 15, 2020, NBC nyere ''La Brea'' iwu ka ọ bụrụ onye na-anya ụgbọelu. Ọ bụ Thor Freudenthal duziri onye na-anya ụgbọelu ahụ ma David Appelbaum dere ya bụ onye a tụrụ anya na ọ ga-arụ ọrụ na Avi Nir, Alon Shtruzman, Peter Traugott, Ken Woodruff na Rachel Kaplan. Ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe metụtara usoro ahụ bụ Keshet Studios na Universal Television.<ref name="cast1">{{Cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2020/02/michael-raymond-james-star-la-brea-karina-logue-zyra-gorecki-cast-1202864790/|title=Michael Raymond-James To Star In NBC Drama Pilot 'La Brea', Karina Logue & Zyra Gorecki Also Cast|work=Deadline Hollywood|first=Denise|author=Petski|date=February 20, 2020|accessdate=January 12, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2020/01/la-brea-drama-david-appelbaum-keshet-studios-nbc-pilot-order-1202831954/|title='La Brea' Drama Pilot From David Appelbaum & Keshet Studios Gets NBC Pilot Order|work=[[Deadline Hollywood]]|first=Denise|author=Petski|date=January 15, 2020|accessdate=January 12, 2021}}</ref> Na Jenụwarị 12, 2021, NBC nyere mmepụta usoro maka oge izizi nke iri. Ọ bụ Appelbaum kere usoro ahụ.<ref name="SeriesOrder"/> Na Nọvemba 12, 2021, NBC megharịrị usoro ahụ maka oge nke abụọ nke iri na anọ.<ref name="S2Renewal"/><ref name="S2totalepisodes">{{Cite web|url=https://tvline.com/2022/02/22/la-brea-season-2-more-episodes/|title=''La Brea'' Season 2 Gets Supersized — However There Just Might Be a 'Catch'|work=TVLine|first=Matt Webb|author=Mitovich|date=February 22, 2022|accessdate=February 22, 2022}}</ref> Na Jenụwarị 31, 2023, NBC megharịrị usoro ahụ maka oge nke atọ nke isii, mgbe a na-enye ndị na-eme ihe nkiri ka a tọhapụ ha na ihe ngosi ahụ iji gbanwere oge dị mkpirikpi a ga-akwụ ụgwọ, ma nabata onyinye ahụ.<ref name="S3Renewal"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2023/01/la-brea-canceled-end-season-3-episode-count-nbc-networks-strike-contingency-1235245795/|title=NBC's 'La Brea' Likely To End With Abbreviated Season 3 As Networks Start Building Strike Contingency|work=Deadline Hollywood|first=Nellie|author=Andreeva|date=January 31, 2023|accessdate=February 4, 2023}}</ref> === Nchịkọta === Na Febụwarị 2020, a mgbaàmà Michael Raymond-James, Karina Logue, Zyra Gorecki, Caleb Ruminer, Angel Parker, Catherine Dent, Veronica St. Clair, Jag Bal, na Chiké Okonkwo dị ka ndị na-eme ihe nkiri mgbe Natalie Zea bụ onye isi. Na Machị 2020, Jon Seda na Rita Angel Taylor sonyeere ndị isi na-eme ihe nkiri. Na Machị 4, 2021, a mgbaàmà Eoin Macken na Jack Martin iji mgbaàmà Raymond-James na Ruminer, na Lily isi Santiago sonyeere ndị. Na mgbakwunye, a ego aha nna ahụ ka ọ bụrụ Harris. Na Machị 22, 2021, Nicholas Gonzalez na Rohan Mirchandaney sonyeere ndị na-eme ihe nkiri dị ka ndị na-aga n'ihu. N'onye na-arụ 2021, a na-amụ Josh McKenzie dị ka usoro a na-eme mgbe niile ebe a na-egosi Ione Skye na ọrụ a na-arụ ugboro ugboro na Chloe De Los Santos ka ọ nọchie Taylor. Na Mee 12, 2022, a kwalitere Tonantzin Carmelo na Michelle Vergara Moore ka ha bụrụ ndị na-eme ihe nkiri maka oge nke abụọ. Na Julaị 15, 2022, Jonno Roberts sonyeere ndị na-eme ihe nkiri na ọrụ ugboro ugboro maka oge nke abụọ. Na September 22, 2022, a tụbara Martin Sensmeier na ikike ugboro ugboro maka oge nke abụọ. === Ihe nkiri === Usoro ihe nkiri ahụ malitere na Melbourne, Australia, na Mee 3, 2021, wee mechie na Septemba 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://7news.com.au/news/melbourne/bay-street-in-port-melbourne-closed-as-filming-of-us-sinkhole-tv-show-la-brea-starts-c-2750888|title=Bay Street in Port Melbourne closed as filming of US sinkhole TV show La Brea starts|work=[[Seven News]]|first=Lucy Mae|author=Beers|date=May 4, 2021|accessdate=May 4, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tvline.com/lists/la-brea-season-2-premiere-date-episode-count/when-does-filming-start/|title=When Does La Brea Season 2 Start? (And Will It Still Film in Australia?)|first=Matt Webb|author=Mitovich|date=December 1, 2021|work=[[TVLine]]}}</ref> E sere foto nke usoro ahụ na mpaghara Victoria. E dechara ndekọ maka oge mbụ na Septemba. Mmepụta siri ike na-emefu $ 71 nde na [[Ostraliya|Australia]], ihe karịrị $ 60 nde na Victoria. Ọ bụ mmepụta TV kachasị ọnụ na Victoria kemgbe usoro HBO nke Steven Spielberg The Pacific rụchara na 2009.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.smh.com.au/culture/tv-and-radio/la-brea-brings-la-down-under-as-universal-eyes-200m-of-shows-a-year-20210503-p57ofq.html|title=La Brea brings LA down under, as Universal eyes $200m of shows a gear|first=Karl|author=Quinn|date=May 3, 2021|accessdate=May 3, 2021}}</ref> E mere ndokwa ka oge nke abụọ mee ihe nkiri na Victoria, Australia n'oge opupu ihe ubi nke 2022.<ref name="S2totalepisodes"/> Na Mee 23, 2023, a kọrọ na a ga-amalite ime ihe nkiri maka oge nke atọ n'oge na-adịghị anya na Queensland, Australia.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://variety.com/2023/tv/news/nbc-la-brea-season-3-australia-queensland-1235623670/|title=NBC's 'La Brea' Season 3 Returns to Australia, Relocates to Queensland|work=Variety|first=Patrick|author=Frater|date=May 23, 2023|accessdate=May 23, 2023}}</ref> == Ntọhapụ == Na USA, usoro ahụ nke na September 28, 2021 na NBC. Oge nke abụọ na September 27, 2022 na NBC. Na [[Kánada|Canada]], usoro ihe omume ahụ ahụ [mgbe?] na CTV. N'Australia, a na-egosi ya na 9Now [Olee [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Na Germany, La Brea irohin na Sky One na 24, 2022. Na [[Italy|Ịtali]] - La Brea akwụkwọ na Italia 1 na June 8 , 2022. Na UK, ihe omume mbụ nke La Brea ịgụ na Channel 5 na August 1, 2022 iji kwalite usoro ahụ, na usoro mbụ niile a na-egosi na Paramount+ n'otu ụbọchị ahụ. Usoro ahụ ahụ na 5USA na akwụkwọ 22, 2023. Na Ireland, ụkpụrụ usoro mbụ na Paramount+ n'ụzọ zuru ezu na August 1, 2022. == Nnakwere == === Nzaghachi nkatọ === Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ nchịkọta akụkọ Rotten Tomatoes kọrọ na 29% Nkwado na nkezi nke 4.5/10, dabere na isi 21 nke ndị nkatọ. Nkwe ndị nkatọ nke ebe nrụọrụ weebụ ahụ na-agụ, "O nwere ike ịbụ usoro maka ara ya, mana La Brea mgbaàmà aka na isi mgbaka ya siri ike iji mee ka ihe ngosi kwesịrị ile anya - ọ na-achọ ala ọ bụghị". Metacritic, nke na-eji nkezi dị arọ, nyere akara nke 49 n'ime 100 dabere na ndị nkatọ 7, na-egosi "mgwakọta ma ọ bụ nkezi ihe". N'ịtụle usoro ihe omume ahụ, onye na-egosi ike maka The Globe and Mail dere "Usoro ahụ dị njọ nke ukwuu, ọ na-ebe nchekwa na ihe onwunwe ya" ebe onye na- ndị SCIFI.radio dere na "La Brea bụ ihe niile na-eso ụkwụ na-akpọ telivisheneng" ma kwuo ọtụtụ ihe na- ndị na-ekweta omume omume na nke mbụ dị ka "ọnụ ndị isi lanarịnụ" site na obere mgbe ha si n'ọnụ ụzọ oge ndị kpara ụkwụ na mbara igwe mbụ. nke kwesịrị igbu onye ọ lụba. N'ụzọ dị iche, onye nchaka maka The Guardian nwere ike na-usoro ahụ maka ịbụ "nke dị ebube, nke jọgburu onwe ya" mgbe ọ na-enye usoro ahụ n'ime akwụkwọ ise mgbe usoro ahụ na UK na 2022. === Ntụle === ==== N'ozuzu ==== {{Television episode ratings|noshare=y|title1=[[#ep1|Pilot]]|date1=September 28, 2021|rs1=0.8|viewers1=6.37<ref name="1.01"/>|dvr1=|dvrv1=|total1=|totalv1=|title2=[[#ep2|Day Two]]|date2=October 5, 2021|rs2=0.6|viewers2=5.05<ref name="1.02"/>|dvr2=|dvrv2=|total2=|totalv2=|title3=[[#ep3|The Hunt]]|date3=October 12, 2021|rs3=0.6|viewers3=5.05<ref name="1.03"/>|dvr3=0.3|dvrv3=2.58|total3=1.0|totalv3=7.64<ref name="1.03"/>|title4=[[#ep4|The New Arrival]]|date4=October 19, 2021|rs4=0.6|viewers4=5.12<ref name="1.04"/>|dvr4=0.3|dvrv4=2.57|total4=0.9|totalv4=7.69<ref>{{cite web|url=https://programminginsider.com/tuesday-ratings-modest-return-for-abcs-the-bachelorette-lead-out-drama-queens-left-at-the-starting-gate/|title=Tuesday Ratings: Modest Return for ABC's ''The Bachelorette''; Lead-out Drama ''Queens'' Left At the Starting Gate|first=Marc|last=Berman|work=Programming Insider|date=October 20, 2021|accessdate=November 6, 2021}}</ref>|title5=[[#ep5|The Fort]]|date5=October 26, 2021|rs5=0.6|viewers5=5.20<ref name="1.05"/>|dvr5=|dvrv5=|total5=|totalv5=|title6=[[#ep6|The Way Home]]|date6=November 2, 2021|rs6=0.4|viewers6=4.03<ref name="1.06"/>|dvr6=|dvrv6=|total6=|totalv6=|title7=[[#ep7|The Storm]]|date7=November 9, 2021|rs7=0.6|viewers7=4.70<ref name="1.07"/>|dvr7=|dvrv7=|total7=|totalv7=|title8=[[#ep8|Origins]]|date8=November 16, 2021|rs8=0.6|viewers8=4.67<ref name="1.08"/>|dvr8=0.4|dvrv8=2.41|total8=1.0|totalv8=7.08<ref>{{cite web|url=https://programminginsider.com/tuesday-ratings-sluggish-returns-for-the-cws-the-flash-and-riverdale-queens-on-abc-sinks-further/|title=Tuesday Ratings: Sluggish Returns for The CW'l's 'The Flash' and 'Riverdale'; 'Queens' on ABC Sinks Further|work=Programming Insider|author=Marc Berman|date=November 17, 2021|access-date=December 22, 2021}}</ref>|title9=[[#ep9|Father and Son]]|date9=November 23, 2021|rs9=0.5|viewers9=4.33<ref name="1.09"/>|dvr9=0.3|dvrv9=2.28|total9=0.8|totalv9=6.62<ref>{{cite web|url=https://programminginsider.com/tuesday-ratings-abc-and-nbc-lead-the-diluted-troops-the-voice-tops-night/|title=Tuesday Ratings: ABC and NBC Lead the Diluted Troops; 'The Voice' Tops Night|work=Programming Insider|author=Marc Berman|date=November 24, 2021|access-date=December 20, 2021}}</ref>|title10=[[#ep10|Topanga]]|date10=November 30, 2021|rs10=0.5|viewers10=4.94<ref name="1.10"/>|dvr10=0.3|dvrv10=2.18|total10=0.9|totalv10=7.12<ref>{{cite web|url=https://programminginsider.com/tuesday-ratings-nbcs-la-brea-concludes-season-1-on-a-respectable-note-abc-and-nbc-share-dominance/|title=Tuesday Ratings: NBC's 'La Brea' Concludes Season 1 on a Respectable Note; ABC and NBC Share Dominance|work=Programming Insider|author=Marc Berman|date=December 1, 2021|access-date=December 20, 2021}}</ref>}} ==== Oge 1 ==== {{Television episode ratings|noshare=y|title1=[[#ep11|The Next Day]]|date1=September 27, 2022|rs1=0.5|viewers1=3.86<ref name="2.01"/>|dvr1=0.3|dvrv1=2.16|total1=0.8|totalv1=6.02<ref name="2.01"/>|title2=[[#ep12|The Cave]]|date2=October 4, 2022|rs2=0.4|viewers2=3.90<ref name="2.02"/>|dvr2=0.2|dvrv2=2.03|total2=0.6|totalv2=5.93<ref>{{cite web |url=https://programminginsider.com/tuesday-ratings-more-dominance-for-cbs-fbi-trio-the-rookie-feds-sinks-on-abc/ |title=Tuesday Ratings: More Dominance for CBS' 'FBI' Trio; 'The Rookie: Feds' Sinks on ABC |last=Berman |first=Marc |date=October 5, 2022 |work=Programming Insider |access-date=December 2, 2022}}</ref>|title3=[[#ep13|The Great Escape]]|date3=October 11, 2022|rs3=0.4|viewers3=3.54<ref name="2.03"/>|dvr3=0.2|dvrv3=1.78|total3=0.6|totalv3=5.31<ref>{{cite web|url=https://programminginsider.com/tuesday-ratings-cbs-most-watched-the-rookie-feds-dips-on-abc-respectable-opening-for-the-winchesters-on-the-cw/|title=Tuesday Ratings: CBS Most Watched; 'The Rookie: Feds' Dips on ABC; Respectable Opening for 'The Winchesters' on The CW|last=Berman|first=Marc|date=October 12, 2022|work=Programming Insider|access-date=October 23, 2022}}</ref>|title4=[[#ep14|The Fog]]|date4=October 18, 2022|rs4=0.3|viewers4=3.38<ref name="2.04"/>|dvr4=0.2|dvrv4=1.80|total4=0.5|totalv4=5.18<ref>{{cite web|url=https://programminginsider.com/tuesday-ratings-newbie-dramas-the-rookie-feds-on-abc-and-monarch-on-fox-flounder-the-winchesters-on-the-cw-loses-steam/|title=Tuesday Ratings: Newbie Dramas 'The Rookie: Feds' on ABC and 'Monarch' on Fox Flounder; 'The Winchesters' on The CW Loses Steam|first=Marc|last=Berman|work=Programming Insider|date=October 19, 2022|access-date=October 29, 2022}}</ref>|title5=[[#ep15|The Heist]]|date5=October 25, 2022|rs5=0.4|viewers5=3.47<ref name="2.05"/>|dvr5=0.2|dvrv5=1.60|total5=0.6|totalv5=5.07<ref>{{cite web|url=https://programminginsider.com/tuesday-ratings-encores-on-cbs-still-dominate-in-total-viewers-abc-leads-in-adults-18-49/|title=Tuesday Ratings: Encores on CBS Still Dominate in Total Viewers; ABC Leads in Adults 18-49|first=Marc|last=Berman|work=Programming Insider|date=October 26, 2022|access-date=November 4, 2022}}</ref>|title6=[[#ep16|Lazarus]]|date6=November 1, 2022|rs6=0.3|viewers6=3.47<ref name="2.06"/>|dvr6=0.2|dvrv6=1.58|total6=0.5|totalv6=5.04<ref>{{cite web|url=https://programminginsider.com/tuesday-ratings-phillies-game-3-victory-leads-fox-to-easy-victory/|title=Tuesday Ratings: Phillies' Game 3 Victory Leads Fox to Easy Victory|first=Marc|last=Berman|work=Programming Insider|date=November 2, 2022|access-date=November 13, 2022}}</ref>|title7=[[#ep17|1988]]|date7=November 15, 2022|rs7=0.4|viewers7=3.31<ref name="2.07"/>|dvr7=0.2|dvrv7=1.73|total7=0.6|totalv7=5.04<ref>{{cite web|url=https://programminginsider.com/tuesday-ratings-cbs-and-nbc-win-the-eye-nets-fbi-franchise-remains-a-solid-attraction-for-total-viewers/|title=Tuesday Ratings: CBS and NBC Win; The Eye Net's 'FBI' Franchise Remains a Solid Attraction for Total Viewers|first=Marc|last=Berman|work=Programming Insider|date=November 16, 2022|access-date=December 2, 2022}}</ref>|title8=[[#ep18|Stampede]]|date8=January 31, 2023|rs8=0.3|viewers8=2.20<ref name="2.08–2.09"/>|dvr8=|dvrv8=|total8=|totalv8=|title9=[[#ep19|Murder in the Clearing]]|date9=January 31, 2023|rs9=0.2|viewers9=2.02<ref name="2.08–2.09"/>|dvr9=|dvrv9=|total9=|totalv9=|title10=[[#ep20|The Return]]|date10=February 14, 2023|rs10=0.3|viewers10=2.12<ref name="2.10"/>|dvr10=|dvrv10=|total10=|totalv10=|title11=[[#ep21|The Wedding]]|date11=February 21, 2023|rs11=0.2|viewers11=1.98<ref name="2.11–2.12"/>|dvr11=|dvrv11=|total11=|totalv11=|title12=[[#ep22|The Swarm]]|date12=February 21, 2023|rs12=0.2|viewers12=1.72<ref name="2.11–2.12"/>|dvr12=|dvrv12=|total12=|totalv12=|title13=[[#ep23|The Journey, Part 1]]|date13=February 28, 2023|rs13=0.2|viewers13=1.92<ref name="2.13–2.14"/>|dvr13=|dvrv13=|total13=|totalv13=|title14=[[#ep24|The Journey, Part 2]]|date14=February 28, 2023|rs14=0.2|viewers14=1.77<ref name="2.13–2.14"/>|dvr14=|dvrv14=|total14=|totalv14=}} ==== Oge nke Abụọ ==== {{Television episode ratings|noshare=y|title1=[[#ep11|The Next Day]]|date1=September 27, 2022|rs1=0.5|viewers1=3.86<ref name="2.01"/>|dvr1=0.3|dvrv1=2.16|total1=0.8|totalv1=6.02<ref name="2.01"/>|title2=[[#ep12|The Cave]]|date2=October 4, 2022|rs2=0.4|viewers2=3.90<ref name="2.02"/>|dvr2=0.2|dvrv2=2.03|total2=0.6|totalv2=5.93<ref>{{cite web |url=https://programminginsider.com/tuesday-ratings-more-dominance-for-cbs-fbi-trio-the-rookie-feds-sinks-on-abc/ |title=Tuesday Ratings: More Dominance for CBS' 'FBI' Trio; 'The Rookie: Feds' Sinks on ABC |last=Berman |first=Marc |date=October 5, 2022 |work=Programming Insider |access-date=December 2, 2022}}</ref>|title3=[[#ep13|The Great Escape]]|date3=October 11, 2022|rs3=0.4|viewers3=3.54<ref name="2.03"/>|dvr3=0.2|dvrv3=1.78|total3=0.6|totalv3=5.31<ref>{{cite web|url=https://programminginsider.com/tuesday-ratings-cbs-most-watched-the-rookie-feds-dips-on-abc-respectable-opening-for-the-winchesters-on-the-cw/|title=Tuesday Ratings: CBS Most Watched; 'The Rookie: Feds' Dips on ABC; Respectable Opening for 'The Winchesters' on The CW|last=Berman|first=Marc|date=October 12, 2022|work=Programming Insider|access-date=October 23, 2022}}</ref>|title4=[[#ep14|The Fog]]|date4=October 18, 2022|rs4=0.3|viewers4=3.38<ref name="2.04"/>|dvr4=0.2|dvrv4=1.80|total4=0.5|totalv4=5.18<ref>{{cite web|url=https://programminginsider.com/tuesday-ratings-newbie-dramas-the-rookie-feds-on-abc-and-monarch-on-fox-flounder-the-winchesters-on-the-cw-loses-steam/|title=Tuesday Ratings: Newbie Dramas 'The Rookie: Feds' on ABC and 'Monarch' on Fox Flounder; 'The Winchesters' on The CW Loses Steam|first=Marc|last=Berman|work=Programming Insider|date=October 19, 2022|access-date=October 29, 2022}}</ref>|title5=[[#ep15|The Heist]]|date5=October 25, 2022|rs5=0.4|viewers5=3.47<ref name="2.05"/>|dvr5=0.2|dvrv5=1.60|total5=0.6|totalv5=5.07<ref>{{cite web|url=https://programminginsider.com/tuesday-ratings-encores-on-cbs-still-dominate-in-total-viewers-abc-leads-in-adults-18-49/|title=Tuesday Ratings: Encores on CBS Still Dominate in Total Viewers; ABC Leads in Adults 18-49|first=Marc|last=Berman|work=Programming Insider|date=October 26, 2022|access-date=November 4, 2022}}</ref>|title6=[[#ep16|Lazarus]]|date6=November 1, 2022|rs6=0.3|viewers6=3.47<ref name="2.06"/>|dvr6=0.2|dvrv6=1.58|total6=0.5|totalv6=5.04<ref>{{cite web|url=https://programminginsider.com/tuesday-ratings-phillies-game-3-victory-leads-fox-to-easy-victory/|title=Tuesday Ratings: Phillies' Game 3 Victory Leads Fox to Easy Victory|first=Marc|last=Berman|work=Programming Insider|date=November 2, 2022|access-date=November 13, 2022}}</ref>|title7=[[#ep17|1988]]|date7=November 15, 2022|rs7=0.4|viewers7=3.31<ref name="2.07"/>|dvr7=0.2|dvrv7=1.73|total7=0.6|totalv7=5.04<ref>{{cite web|url=https://programminginsider.com/tuesday-ratings-cbs-and-nbc-win-the-eye-nets-fbi-franchise-remains-a-solid-attraction-for-total-viewers/|title=Tuesday Ratings: CBS and NBC Win; The Eye Net's 'FBI' Franchise Remains a Solid Attraction for Total Viewers|first=Marc|last=Berman|work=Programming Insider|date=November 16, 2022|access-date=December 2, 2022}}</ref>|title8=[[#ep18|Stampede]]|date8=January 31, 2023|rs8=0.3|viewers8=2.20<ref name="2.08–2.09"/>|dvr8=|dvrv8=|total8=|totalv8=|title9=[[#ep19|Murder in the Clearing]]|date9=January 31, 2023|rs9=0.2|viewers9=2.02<ref name="2.08–2.09"/>|dvr9=|dvrv9=|total9=|totalv9=|title10=[[#ep20|The Return]]|date10=February 14, 2023|rs10=0.3|viewers10=2.12<ref name="2.10"/>|dvr10=|dvrv10=|total10=|totalv10=|title11=[[#ep21|The Wedding]]|date11=February 21, 2023|rs11=0.2|viewers11=1.98<ref name="2.11–2.12"/>|dvr11=|dvrv11=|total11=|totalv11=|title12=[[#ep22|The Swarm]]|date12=February 21, 2023|rs12=0.2|viewers12=1.72<ref name="2.11–2.12"/>|dvr12=|dvrv12=|total12=|totalv12=|title13=[[#ep23|The Journey, Part 1]]|date13=February 28, 2023|rs13=0.2|viewers13=1.92<ref name="2.13–2.14"/>|dvr13=|dvrv13=|total13=|totalv13=|title14=[[#ep24|The Journey, Part 2]]|date14=February 28, 2023|rs14=0.2|viewers14=1.77<ref name="2.13–2.14"/>|dvr14=|dvrv14=|total14=|totalv14=}} === Ndị a nabatara === Usoro ahụ bụ otu n'ime 94 n'ime usoro telivishọn 200 kachasị ewu ewu nke natara ReFrame Stamp maka afọ 2021 ruo 2022. A na-enye stampụ ahụ site na njikọ aka nwoke na nwanyị ReFrame na nchekwa data ụlọ ọrụ [[IMDb|IMDbPro]] maka ọrụ ihe nkiri na telivishọn nke gosipụtara na ha nwere ọrụ dị mma, na stampụ ndị a na-enye ọrụ ndị na-ewe ndị na-akọwa ụmụ nwanyị, ọkachasị ụmụ nwanyị na-acha, na anọ n'ime ọrụ asatọ dị mkpa maka mmepụta ha.<ref name="ReFrame">{{Cite web|author=Behzadi|first=Sofia|date=July 19, 2022|title='Euphoria', 'Abbott Elementary' & Apple Among ReFrame Stamp Recipients For Gender-Balanced Hiring; Numbers Down From 2020-2021|url=https://deadline.com/2022/07/euphoria-abbott-elementary-apple-reframe-stamp-gender-balanced-hiring-2021-22-1235072102/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220722025712/https://deadline.com/2022/07/euphoria-abbott-elementary-apple-reframe-stamp-gender-balanced-hiring-2021-22-1235072102/|archivedate=July 22, 2022|accessdate=August 1, 2022|work=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> {| class="wikitable unsortable plainrowheaders" |+  ! scope="col" |Ihe nrite ! scope="col" |Ụbọchị emume ! scope="col" |Ụdị ! scope="col" |Onye e nyere ya ! scope="col" |Nsonaazụ ! class="unsortable" scope="col" |Ref. |- ! rowspan="2" scope="row" style="text-align:center;" |Ihe nrite ndị mmadụ na-ahọrọ |Disemba 7, 2021 |Sci-Fi/Fantasy Show nke 2021 |''La Brea'' | {{Nom}} | style="text-align:center;" | |- |Disemba 6, 2022 |Sci-Fi/Fantasy Show nke 2022 |''La Brea'' | {{Nom}} | style="text-align: center;" |<ref name="People'sChoiceAwards2022">{{Cite web|author=Piña|first=Christy|date=December 6, 2022|title=People's Choice Awards: ''Doctor Strange 2'', ''Don't Worry Darling'' Take Top Prizes|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/2022-peoples-choice-awards-winners-list-1235276432/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221207080113/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/2022-peoples-choice-awards-winners-list-1235276432/|archivedate=December 7, 2022|accessdate=December 7, 2022|work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |Ihe nrite Saturn |Ọktoba 25, 2022 |Best Fantasy Television Series: Network / Cable |''La Brea'' | {{Nom}} | style="text-align: center;" |<ref name="SaturnAwards">{{Cite web|author=Simons|first=Dean|date=October 27, 2022|title=Here are the winners of the Saturn Awards 2022|url=https://www.comicsbeat.com/here-are-the-winners-of-the-saturn-awards-2022/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221027235608/https://www.comicsbeat.com/here-are-the-winners-of-the-saturn-awards-2022/|archivedate=October 27, 2022|accessdate=October 27, 2022|work=[[The Beat (comics)|The Beat]]}}</ref> |- |} == Hụkwa == * ''Terra Nova'', usoro ihe nkiri TV nke Steven Spielberg mepụtara banyere ezinụlọ nke narị afọ nke 22 na-esi na dystopian America na-akwaga site na ọnụ ụzọ oge gaa na mpaghara dị n'ọzara nke oge Cretaceous. * Time Spike, akwụkwọ akụkọ Eric Flint banyere ụlọ mkpọrọ kachasị nchebe nke narị afọ nke 21 nke e bugara azụ n'oge Cretaceous Earth site na mgbanwe nke ala Cretaceus. Akwụkwọ akụkọ a gụnyere obere akụkọ nke gọọmentị US na-eji FEMA ezochi ihe merenụ n'ihu ọha America site n'ikwu na ndị na-eyi ọha egwu n'Etiti Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ gbagburu ụlọ mkpọrọ ahụ n'ụzọ ga-eme ka ebe ahụ ghara ịdị nchebe maka ụmụ amaala nkịtị. * ''Ala nke ndị furu efu'', ihe ngosi ụmụaka nke afọ 1970 nke ezinụlọ dị n'ime mbara igwe na-anwa ịchọta ụzọ ịlaghachi na nke ha. * A Sound of Thunder, ihe nkiri dabeere na akụkọ mkpirikpi nke 1952 nke otu aha ahụ site na Ray Bradbury, banyere "ndị njem nleta oge" bụ ndị na-emetụta ihe gara aga n'ụzọ na mberede, na-agbanwe ihe dị ugbu a kpamkpam. Njem oge aghọwo ihe dị irè, ụlọ ọrụ Time Safari, Inc. na-enye ndị njem ọgaranya ohere ịlaghachi azụ n'oge iji chụ nta ụdị ndị nwụrụ anwụ dịka dinosaurs. * Primeval, usoro ihe nkiri British TV nke ihe ndị e kere eke tupu akụkọ ihe mere eme na-abịa ugbu a site na oge na-adịghị mma nke na-apụta gburugburu mba ahụ. == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} 6tfr047cp65ysg98ia380vner3egwnk 0 32595 632295 204604 2026-05-08T11:48:51Z Goodymaraj 21567 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:3|0|0 */ 632295 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=José Luis Cuevas|image=José Luis Cuevas 2011.jpg|caption=Luis Cuevas in 2011|birth_name=|birth_date=February 26, 1934|birth_place=Mexico City, Mexico|death_date=July 3, 2017 (aged 83)|death_place=Mexico City, Mexico|nationality=Mexican|occupation=painter, illustrator, printmaker, sculptor, writer|movement=[[Modernism]],<br> [[Neo-figurative|Neo-figurativism]],<br> [[Mexican muralism]]|awards=[[National Prize for Arts and Sciences]] of Fine Arts (1981)|website=[http://www.joseluiscuevas.com.mx Official website]}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''José Luis Cuevas''' (February 26, 1934 &#x2D; July 3, 2017) bụ onye na-ese ihe na Mexico, ọ na-arụkarị ọrụ dị ka onye na-ise ihe, onye edemede, onye na-ede ihe, onye na'ese ihe, onye eserese, na onye na-ebi akwụkwọ. Cuevas bụ otu n'ime ndị mbụ na-ama ndị na-ahụ maka muralism na Mexico aka n'oge ahụ dị ka onye ama ama nke Generación de la Ruptura (English: Breakaway Generation). Ọ bụ onye na-ese ihe n'onwe ya, nke ụdị ya na mmetụta ya na-ejikọta n'akụkụ gbara ọchịchịrị nke ndụ, na-egosipụtakarị ndị gbagọrọ agbagọ na mmebi nke ihe a kpọrọ mmadụ. Ọ nọgidere bụrụ onye na-ese okwu n'oge niile ọ na-arụ ọrụ, ọ bụghị naanị maka ihe oyiyi ya na-awụ akpata oyi n'ahụ, kamakwa maka mmegide ya na ndị edemede na ndị na-ese ihe ọ na-eche na ha na-ekere òkè na nrụrụ aka ma ọ bụ na-emepụta naanị maka ego. N'afọ 1992, e meghere ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie José Luis Cuevas n'etiti akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Mexico City na-ejide ọtụtụ ọrụ ya na nchịkọta nka nke onwe ya. Nwa nwa ya Alexis de Chaunac bụ onye na-ese ihe n'oge a.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vanidades.com/estilo-de-vida/exposicion-mala-sangre-bestiario-de-alexis-de-chaunac-en-veracruz/|title=Se inaugura en Veracruz la exposición Mala Sangre / Bestiario de Alexis de Chaunac|work=vanidades.com|accessdate=2020-08-02}}</ref> == Akụkọ ndụ == === Oge ọ bụ nwata === A mụrụ José Luis Cuevas na Febụwarị 26, 1934, n'ezinụlọ nọ n'etiti na Mexico City. A mụrụ ya n'elu ụlọ ọrụ akwụkwọ na pensụl nke nna nna ya, Adalberto Cuevas.<ref name="biografia">{{Cite web|url=http://www.joseluiscuevas.com.mx/biografia.html|title=Cronología biográfica|publisher=José Luis Cuevas Museum|language=es|accessdate=June 2, 2012}}</ref><ref name="sjsu">{{Cite web|url=http://gallery.sjsu.edu/mexican_amerixan_tradition/muralists/cuevas.html|title=Jose Luis Cuevas|publisher=San José State University Digital Art Lobby|accessdate=June 2, 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121201143020/http://gallery.sjsu.edu/mexican_amerixan_tradition/muralists/cuevas.html|archivedate=December 1, 2012}}</ref> Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri, ọ malitere ịmụ ihe na National School of Painting and Sculpture "La Esmeralda", ọ malitekwara ise ihe osise na akwụkwọ akụkọ na akwụkwọ. <ref name="sjsu">{{Cite web|url=http://gallery.sjsu.edu/mexican_amerixan_tradition/muralists/cuevas.html|title=Jose Luis Cuevas|publisher=San José State University Digital Art Lobby|accessdate=June 2, 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121201143020/http://gallery.sjsu.edu/mexican_amerixan_tradition/muralists/cuevas.html|archivedate=December 1, 2012}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://web.archive.org/web/20121201143020/http://gallery.sjsu.edu/mexican_amerixan_tradition/muralists/cuevas.html "Jose Luis Cuevas"]. San José State University Digital Art Lobby. Archived from [http://gallery.sjsu.edu/mexican_amerixan_tradition/muralists/cuevas.html the original] on December 1, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 2,</span> 2012</span>.</cite></ref>Otú ọ dị, a manyere ya ịhapụ ọmụmụ ya na 1946 mgbe ọ butere Ọrịa rheumatic fever. Ọrịa ahụ hapụrụ ya n'àkwà ruo afọ abụọ. N'oge a, ọ mụtara ọrụ ịkpụ ihe nke Lola Cueto nke Mexico City College kụziiri.<ref name="sjsu" /> === Ọrụ mmalite === Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na anọ, ọ gbazitere ohere n'okporo ámá Donceles iji mee ihe dị ka ụlọ ọrụ kama ịlaghachi n'ụlọ akwụkwọ n'ihi na ahụike ya na-adịghị mma pụtara na ọ maghị ogologo oge ọ ga-adị ndụ. O kpebiri na ọ ga-aka mma itinye onwe ya na nka ya. Cuevas mụtara otu esi agba ịnyịnya na ịkpa nkata maka ego. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na ihe osise maka The News, n'agbanyeghị enweghị ọzụzụ, ọ kụziri klas ''Akụkọ'' nka na Coronet Hall Institute. <ref name="entrevista">{{Cite news|title=Entrevista/ Jose Luis Cuevas/ El ombligo de Cuevas|first=Silvia|author=Cherem S|work=Reforma|date=May 28, 2000|page=1|language=es}}</ref><ref name="biografia">{{Cite web|url=http://www.joseluiscuevas.com.mx/biografia.html|title=Cronología biográfica|publisher=José Luis Cuevas Museum|language=es|accessdate=June 2, 2012}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.joseluiscuevas.com.mx/biografia.html "Cronología biográfica"] &#x5B;Biographical chronology&#x5D; (in Spanish). Mexico City: José Luis Cuevas Museum<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 2,</span> 2012</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)]]</ref>Otu akụkụ nke ọzụzụ ya bụ ohere ileta ụlọ ọgwụ ndị isi mgbaka La Castaneda ebe nwanne ya nwoke na-arụ ọrụ iji dọta ndị ọrịa. === Ọgbọ nke Nkwụsị === A na-akọwa Cuevas mgbe ụfọdụ dị ka onye efu, onye ụgha na hypochondriac, nke na-arịa ọrịa na ọnwụ, ọkachasị nke ya. <ref name="entrevista">{{Cite news|title=Entrevista/ Jose Luis Cuevas/ El ombligo de Cuevas|first=Silvia|author=Cherem S|work=Reforma|date=May 28, 2000|page=1|language=es}}<cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFCherem_S2000">Cherem S, Silvia (May 28, 2000). "Entrevista/ Jose Luis Cuevas/ El ombligo de Cuevas" &#x5B;Interview/Jose Luis Cuevas/The navel of Cuevas&#x5D;. ''Reforma'' (in Spanish). Mexico City. p.&nbsp;1.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)]]</ref>Onye edemede René Avilés Fabila kwuru n'otu oge na "Ịhụnanya kasịnụ nke José Luis Cuevas bụ José Luis Cuavas, n'ihi na ọ bụ onye na-ese ihe hụrụ onwe ya n'anya karịa ọrụ ya. "Ihe kpatara nke a bụ na o meela ọtụtụ foto onwe ya nke na ọ dị ka inwe ọtụtụ enyo. <ref name="lsanchez">{{Cite news|title=Jose Luis Cuevas, enamorado de si mismo|first=Leticia|author=Sanchez|work=Reforma|date=May 23, 1997|page=1|language=es}}</ref>Cuevas kwuru na ya ekwenyeghị na ọ bụ ihe efu ma kwuo na echiche ahụ malitere na 1955 mgbe o kpebiri iwere foto onwe ya kwa ụbọchị, nke ọ nọgidere na-eme ruo ọgwụgwụ ndụ ya. <ref name="entrevista" />Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị na-ese foto nke oge a na Mexico. <ref name="ftoledo">{{Cite news|title=Jose Luis Cuevas: En la cueva de Cuevas|first=Fernando|author=Toledo|work=Reforma|date=December 21, 1995|page=4|language=es}}</ref>Otu akụkọ na-enweghị isi na-ekwu na ọ gara "ụlọ ndị akwụna" ebe ha na-akpụ akpụ ma na-akpọrọ ndị ahịa.   Akụkọ ọzọ na-akọwa ya na nwanyị dị afọ 70 aha ya bụ Gloria onye ọ nwara ịrata na onye ọzọ nke Marlene Dietrich tụbara onwe ya n'ebe ọ nọ. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2013)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup><ref name="entrevista" />O kwetara na ọ bụ onye na-atụ ụjọ na onye na-agbachitere onwe ya, na-echegbu onwe ya banyere ịbụ onye a tụbara n'ụzọ na-adịghị mma.   O kwuru na Julio Scherer García bụ onye iro maka itinye aka n'ọrụ edemede ya. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2013)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup>Ya na onye na-ese ihe Rufino Tamayo nwekwara esemokwu. <ref name="entrevista" />O kwuru na José Chávez Morado, Guillermo González Camarena na "Frente Popular de Artes Plasticas" na-enwere ya anyaụfụ nakwa na ha boro ya ebubo na ya na CIA na-arụ ọrụ n'afọ ndị 1950 mgbe ọ na-achọ ndị omenkà. <ref name="entrevista" />Ọbụna n'afọ ndị ikpeazụ ya, o mere nsọpụrụ site na imeghe ebe ngosi ihe mgbe ochie ya nye ndị enyi ya niile mana ndị ọ na-ewere dị ka ndị iro anaghị ekwe ka ha banye.<ref name="taibo">{{Cite journal|author=Taibo I|first=Pace Ignacio|date=September 1994|title=The Museo Jose Luis Cuevas|journal=Americas|volume=46|issue=5}}</ref> N'afọ ndị 1960, ọ gara [[Morocco]] ịmụ nka [[Àlakụ̀ba|Islam]], izute onye na-ese ihe Francis Bacon na Tangier. <ref name="biografia">{{Cite web|url=http://www.joseluiscuevas.com.mx/biografia.html|title=Cronología biográfica|publisher=José Luis Cuevas Museum|language=es|accessdate=June 2, 2012}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.joseluiscuevas.com.mx/biografia.html "Cronología biográfica"] &#x5B;Biographical chronology&#x5D; (in Spanish). Mexico City: José Luis Cuevas Museum<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 2,</span> 2012</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)]]</ref>Ọ ghọrọ onye na-ekweghị na Chineke mgbe nne ya nwụsịrị n'afọ ndị 1970. <ref name="entrevista">{{Cite news|title=Entrevista/ Jose Luis Cuevas/ El ombligo de Cuevas|first=Silvia|author=Cherem S|work=Reforma|date=May 28, 2000|page=1|language=es}}<cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFCherem_S2000">Cherem S, Silvia (May 28, 2000). "Entrevista/ Jose Luis Cuevas/ El ombligo de Cuevas" &#x5B;Interview/Jose Luis Cuevas/The navel of Cuevas&#x5D;. ''Reforma'' (in Spanish). Mexico City. p.&nbsp;1.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)]]</ref>Site na 1976 ruo 1979, ọ "gbapụrụ onwe ya", hapụ Mexico gaa France, na-arụ ọrụ na akwụkwọ dị iche iche, serigraphs na lithographs maka mbipụta. Mgbe ọ laghachiri Mexico, o gosipụtara ihe ngosi "José Luis Cuevas. El regreso de otro hijo pródigo." (José Luis Fuevas. Nlaghachi nke nwa ọzọ na-enweghị ego).<ref name="biografia" /><ref name="entrevista" /> N'agbanyeghị amụma ya na ọ ga-adị ndụ ruo ihe karịrị otu narị n'ihi na ọgụgụ tarot dị iche iche gwara ya, Cuevas nwụrụ na July 3, 2017, na Mexico City mgbe ọ dị afọ 83.<ref>{{Cite news|language=es|work=El Paīs|date=4 July 2017|title=Muere el artista mexicano José Luis Cuevas|author=DAVID MARCIAL PÉREZ|url=https://cultura.elpais.com/cultura/2017/07/04/actualidad/1499123052_291713.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|language=es|publisher=BBC Mundo|date=4 July 2017|title=Muere el artista plástico mexicano José Luis Cuevas, el líder de la "Generación de la Ruptura"|author=Alberto Nájar|url=http://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-america-latina-40490276}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/mexican-painter-jose-luis-cuevas-dies-83-48426060|title=Mexican painter Jose Luis Cuevas dies at 83|publisher=ABC News|date=3 July 2017}}</ref> == Alụmdi na nwunye == [[Usòrò:Bertha Riestra de Cuevas 1982.jpg|thumb|Bertha Riestra de Cuevas, 1982]] [[Usòrò:José Luis Cuevas Novelo 1984.png|thumb|José Luis Cuevas, ngosi na Galeria de la Secretaría de Hacienda y Crédito Público, Centro Histórico de la Ciudad de México, 1984.]] Cuevas lụrụ nwunye mbụ ya, Bertha Riestra, na 1961. <ref name="biografia">{{Cite web|url=http://www.joseluiscuevas.com.mx/biografia.html|title=Cronología biográfica|publisher=José Luis Cuevas Museum|language=es|accessdate=June 2, 2012}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.joseluiscuevas.com.mx/biografia.html "Cronología biográfica"] &#x5B;Biographical chronology&#x5D; (in Spanish). Mexico City: José Luis Cuevas Museum<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 2,</span> 2012</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)]]</ref>Ọ zutere Bertha n'ụlọ ọgwụ La Castaneda mgbe ọ nọ ebe ahụ na-arụ ọrụ obodo na eserese. Nne na nna ya abịaghị agbamakwụkwọ ahụ n'ihi na ha anabataghị ya ebe ọ bụ na ọ bụ onye na-ese ihe. <ref name="entrevista">{{Cite news|title=Entrevista/ Jose Luis Cuevas/ El ombligo de Cuevas|first=Silvia|author=Cherem S|work=Reforma|date=May 28, 2000|page=1|language=es}}<cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFCherem_S2000">Cherem S, Silvia (May 28, 2000). "Entrevista/ Jose Luis Cuevas/ El ombligo de Cuevas" &#x5B;Interview/Jose Luis Cuevas/The navel of Cuevas&#x5D;. ''Reforma'' (in Spanish). Mexico City. p.&nbsp;1.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)]]</ref>N'agbanyeghị na ọ lụrụ di, ọ nwetara aha dị ka onye na-eme ihe ike, nke a na-akpọ "gato macho" (nwoke nwamba) ma ọ bụ onye na-eduhie ụmụ nwanyị, nke o ji mee ihe iji kwalite onwe ya. <ref name="entrevista" />N'otu akwụkwọ akụkọ Mexico City nke o dere, o kwuru na ya nwere ihe karịrị 650 mmekọahụ. <ref name="entrevista" />Ọ na-ekwu na e kweghị ka Bertha nwee otu nnwere onwe ahụ nakwa na ọ maghị banyere ihe omume ya n'agbanyeghị ihe odide ya banyere ha. <ref name="entrevista" />Ya na Bertha nwere ụmụ nwanyị atọ, Mariana, Ximena na María Jose. <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Gutiérrez|first=Laura G.|title=Reframing the Retablo : Mexican Feminist Critical Practice in Ximena Cuevas' Corazon Sangrante|journal=Feminist Media Studies|date=14 December 2010|volume=1|issue=1|pages=73–90|doi=10.1080/14680770120042873}}</ref>N'afọ 2000, Berta Riestra, nwunye ya na, n'oge ahụ, onye nduzi nke José Luis Cuevas Museum, nwụrụ n'ihi ọrịa kansa ara na leukemia. N'afọ sochirinụ, ọ zutere Beatriz del Carmen Bazán, onye ọ lụrụ na 2003 na ebe ngosi ihe mgbe ochie.<ref name="biografia" /><ref name="entrevista" /> Cuevas na nwunye ya bi na mpaghara San Ángel nke Mexico City. E wuru ụlọ ahụ maka Cuevas n'afọ ndị 1970 site n'aka ndị na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ Abraham Zabludovsky na Teodoro González de León n'ụdị na-echetara Luis Barragán. Mgbidi ndị ahụ bụ ụcha na-acha ntụ ntụ na ahịrị kwụ ọtọ. Ihe dị n'ime ya bụ minimalist na ihe osise nke onye na-ese ihe na mgbidi na oche osisi na akwa Mexico. Ọ bụ ezie na ụlọ ahụ dị ọcha ma dị n'usoro, oghere a raara nye dị ka ụlọ ọrụ ya bụ ihe na-adịghị mma, jupụtara na akwụkwọ, ígwè ọrụ ochie, onyokomita, enyo, ọtụtụ foto na ihe ndị ọzọ.<ref name="ftoledo">{{Cite news|title=Jose Luis Cuevas: En la cueva de Cuevas|first=Fernando|author=Toledo|work=Reforma|date=December 21, 1995|page=4|language=es}}<cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFToledo1995">Toledo, Fernando (December 21, 1995). "Jose Luis Cuevas: En la cueva de Cuevas" &#x5B;Jose Luis Cuevas: In the cave of Cuevas&#x5D;. ''Reforma'' (in Spanish). Mexico City. p.&nbsp;4.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)]]</ref> == Ihe ngosi == [[Usòrò:CourtyardJLCMuseumDF.JPG|thumb|Ogige nke José Luis Cuevas Museum na "La Giganta"]] N'ime ọrụ nke gafere ihe karịrị afọ iri asaa, Cuevas bụ onye na-ese ihe, onye edemede, onye na-ede ihe, onye na'ese ihe, na onye na-ebi akwụkwọ. <ref name="sjsu">{{Cite web|url=http://gallery.sjsu.edu/mexican_amerixan_tradition/muralists/cuevas.html|title=Jose Luis Cuevas|publisher=San José State University Digital Art Lobby|accessdate=June 2, 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121201143020/http://gallery.sjsu.edu/mexican_amerixan_tradition/muralists/cuevas.html|archivedate=December 1, 2012}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://web.archive.org/web/20121201143020/http://gallery.sjsu.edu/mexican_amerixan_tradition/muralists/cuevas.html "Jose Luis Cuevas"]. San José State University Digital Art Lobby. Archived from [http://gallery.sjsu.edu/mexican_amerixan_tradition/muralists/cuevas.html the original] on December 1, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 2,</span> 2012</span>.</cite></ref><ref name="rendiran">{{Cite news|title=Rendirán homenaje al artista plástico José Luis Cuevas|url=http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/notas/832149.html|work=El Universal|date=February 23, 2012|accessdate=June 2, 2012|language=es}}</ref>E nweela ihe ngosi onwe onye na ọrụ Cuevas na ebe ngosi ihe mgbe ochie na gallery n'ụwa niile. <ref name="rogallery">{{Cite web|url=http://rogallery.com/cuevas_jose_luis/cuevas-biography.htm|title=José Luis Cuevas biography|publisher=Ro Gallery|accessdate=June 2, 2012}}</ref>Ihe ngosi mbụ ya bụ mgbe ọ dị naanị afọ iri na anọ na Seminario Axiologico mana ọ dịghị onye bịara, ọrụ ndị ahụ si na mgbidi pụta ma gaa n'ihu. <ref name="sjsu" /><ref name="entrevista">{{Cite news|title=Entrevista/ Jose Luis Cuevas/ El ombligo de Cuevas|first=Silvia|author=Cherem S|work=Reforma|date=May 28, 2000|page=1|language=es}}<cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFCherem_S2000">Cherem S, Silvia (May 28, 2000). "Entrevista/ Jose Luis Cuevas/ El ombligo de Cuevas" &#x5B;Interview/Jose Luis Cuevas/The navel of Cuevas&#x5D;. ''Reforma'' (in Spanish). Mexico City. p.&nbsp;1.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)]]</ref>Ihe ngosi mbụ ya nke ọma bụ na Galería Prisse nke Mexico City na 1953, mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na itoolu. <ref name="biografia">{{Cite web|url=http://www.joseluiscuevas.com.mx/biografia.html|title=Cronología biográfica|publisher=José Luis Cuevas Museum|language=es|accessdate=June 2, 2012}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.joseluiscuevas.com.mx/biografia.html "Cronología biográfica"] &#x5B;Biographical chronology&#x5D; (in Spanish). Mexico City: José Luis Cuevas Museum<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 2,</span> 2012</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)]]</ref><ref name="sjsu" />N'afọ 1954, ọ zutere onye nkatọ Jose Gomez-Sicre onye kpọrọ ya ka ọ gosipụta na Panamerican Union na [[Washington, D.C.|Washington, DC]]. <ref name="biografia" />Oge a, ihe ngosi mbụ ya na US, rere n'abalị mmeghe ma mee ka ọ gbaa Time na Washington Post ajụjụ ọnụ, nke kpọrọ ya "nwa nwoke ọlaedo", na-emeghe ọnụ ụzọ ma na-enyere aka ire ihe osise ya. <ref name="entrevista" />N'afọ 1955, o sonyere na Salón de Arte Libre nke mbụ nke Galería Proteo haziri, ebe ọ zutere David Alfaro Siqueiros. N'ime afọ ndị fọdụrụnụ na 1950, o gosipụtara na Havana, Caracas, Lima na Buenos Aires, ebe ọ zutere Jorge Luis Borges.<ref name="biografia" /> N'afọ 1960, o gosipụtara na David Herbert Gallery, Oge NY Times jiri ya tụnyere Picasso. N'afọ 1961, abụọ n'ime ọrụ ya na Galería del L'Oblisco na Rom, Los Funerales de un Dictador na La Caída de Franco kpatara esemokwu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na Spain nke rịọrọ ka ewepụ ihe oyiyi ahụ. N'afọ 1962, o gosipụtara usoro ọrụ ndị dabeere na ihe ọkpụkpụ nke Tilman Riemenschneider ọ hụrụ na Munich. Ihe ngosi ndị ọzọ Cuevas gosipụtara site n'oge a gụnyere otu na Silvan Simone Gallery na 1967.<ref name="biografia">{{Cite web|url=http://www.joseluiscuevas.com.mx/biografia.html|title=Cronología biográfica|publisher=José Luis Cuevas Museum|language=es|accessdate=June 2, 2012}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.joseluiscuevas.com.mx/biografia.html "Cronología biográfica"] &#x5B;Biographical chronology&#x5D; (in Spanish). Mexico City: José Luis Cuevas Museum<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 2,</span> 2012</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)]]</ref> N'ime afọ ndị 1970, o gosipụtara foto onwe ya 72 na Centro Cultural Universitario na UNAM, ma gosipụta ọrụ ndị ọzọ na San Francisco Museum of Art, Museo de Arte Contemporáneo na Caracas, Phoenix Art Museum, Musee d'Art Moderne na Paris na Museo de Arte Moderno na Mexico City. <ref name="biografia">{{Cite web|url=http://www.joseluiscuevas.com.mx/biografia.html|title=Cronología biográfica|publisher=José Luis Cuevas Museum|language=es|accessdate=June 2, 2012}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.joseluiscuevas.com.mx/biografia.html "Cronología biográfica"] &#x5B;Biographical chronology&#x5D; (in Spanish). Mexico City: José Luis Cuevas Museum<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 2,</span> 2012</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)]]</ref>N'afọ 1976, o nwere ụmụ nwanyị anọ egbugbu na atụmatụ mbụ nke ya, ka nka ahụ "ga-etolite na ya" Nke a n'agbanyeghị eziokwu ahụ bụ na egbugbu bụ iwu na-akwadoghị na Mexico n'oge ahụ. <ref name="entrevista">{{Cite news|title=Entrevista/ Jose Luis Cuevas/ El ombligo de Cuevas|first=Silvia|author=Cherem S|work=Reforma|date=May 28, 2000|page=1|language=es}}<cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFCherem_S2000">Cherem S, Silvia (May 28, 2000). "Entrevista/ Jose Luis Cuevas/ El ombligo de Cuevas" &#x5B;Interview/Jose Luis Cuevas/The navel of Cuevas&#x5D;. ''Reforma'' (in Spanish). Mexico City. p.&nbsp;1.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)]]</ref>N'afọ 1979, Jose Luis gosipụtara ihe osise mmiri 50 na ihe osise tinyere akwụkwọ ozi ndị e sere na Tasende Gallery, La Jolla, California. N'afọ 1981, ọ meghere ihe ngosi "Signs of Life" nke nwere karama nwere ọbara ọcha ya na electrocardiogram e weere mgbe ọ na-enwe mmekọahụ. O kwuru na broshuọ nke ihe ngosi ahụ na ọ ga-etinye ime nwanyị ọ bụla rịọrọ ya ime otú ahụ, mana Secretaría de Gobernación mere ka o wepụ broshuọ ahụ n'ihi na a na-ewere ya dị ka omume ịgba akwụna. <ref name="entrevista">{{Cite news|title=Entrevista/ Jose Luis Cuevas/ El ombligo de Cuevas|first=Silvia|author=Cherem S|work=Reforma|date=May 28, 2000|page=1|language=es}}<cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFCherem_S2000">Cherem S, Silvia (May 28, 2000). "Entrevista/ Jose Luis Cuevas/ El ombligo de Cuevas" &#x5B;Interview/Jose Luis Cuevas/The navel of Cuevas&#x5D;. ''Reforma'' (in Spanish). Mexico City. p.&nbsp;1.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)]]</ref>N'afọ 1982, ụlọ ngosi iri na anọ dị na Mexico City, Barcelona, Paris na ndị ọzọ nwere ihe ngosi nke "Marzo. Mes de José Luis Cuevas" ("March. Month of Jose Luis Cueves.") Site na 1984 ruo 1988, usoro ihe osise 50 buru ibu a na-akpọ "Intolerance" gara mahadum na ebe ngosi ihe mgbe ochie na US, [[Kánada|Canada]], Mexico na Europe. Ihe osise ndị a sitere na onyinye Jose Tasende nyere Cuevas nke akwụkwọ "The Witches' Advocate" nke Gustav Henningsen. <ref name="biografia">{{Cite web|url=http://www.joseluiscuevas.com.mx/biografia.html|title=Cronología biográfica|publisher=José Luis Cuevas Museum|language=es|accessdate=June 2, 2012}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.joseluiscuevas.com.mx/biografia.html "Cronología biográfica"] &#x5B;Biographical chronology&#x5D; (in Spanish). Mexico City: José Luis Cuevas Museum<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 2,</span> 2012</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)]]</ref>N'afọ 1985, ya na Henry Moore na Eduardo Chillida gosipụtara na ngosi Figure Space Image na Tasende Gallery, La Jolla, California. A na-egosipụta akwụkwọ ozi ndị o degaara onye na-ere ahịa ya JM Tasende n'oge ọ na-esi na Mexico na Tasende Gallery tupu ọ bụrụ akụkụ nke nchịkọta na-adịgide adịgide nke Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. N'afọ 1991, "Celebrating 25 Years with Jose Luis Cuevas" meghere na Tasende Gallery, La Jolla. O mepụtara ihe osise Talavera nke e debere na Mpaghara Rosa Rosa na 1995. N'afọ 1997, o gosipụtara na Tasende Gallery, West Hollywood, California. N'afọ 1998, o gosipụtara "Retrospectiva de Dibujo y Escultura" na Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofía. N'afọ 1999, Pablo Picasso Foundation gosipụtara ihe ngosi "José Luis Cuevas. Ọrụ eserese".<ref name="biografia">{{Cite web|url=http://www.joseluiscuevas.com.mx/biografia.html|title=Cronología biográfica|publisher=José Luis Cuevas Museum|language=es|accessdate=June 2, 2012}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.joseluiscuevas.com.mx/biografia.html "Cronología biográfica"] &#x5B;Biographical chronology&#x5D; (in Spanish). Mexico City: José Luis Cuevas Museum<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 2,</span> 2012</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)]]</ref> N'afọ 2001, o nyere obodo Colima ihe a tụrụ atụ a na-akpọ "Figura Obscena" (Obscene Figure). Ihe a a tụrụ atụ ghọrọ etiti ihe ihere na 2006. <ref name="biografia">{{Cite web|url=http://www.joseluiscuevas.com.mx/biografia.html|title=Cronología biográfica|publisher=José Luis Cuevas Museum|language=es|accessdate=June 2, 2012}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.joseluiscuevas.com.mx/biografia.html "Cronología biográfica"] &#x5B;Biographical chronology&#x5D; (in Spanish). Mexico City: José Luis Cuevas Museum<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 2,</span> 2012</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)]]</ref>Ihe ngosi ndị ọzọ sitere na afọ 2000 gụnyere na 2005 "Jose Luis Cuevas na Drawing and Sculpture" na Latin American Art Museum na Long Beach, California. "Ihe osise na Watercolors ahọpụtara" Tasende Gallery, West Hollywood, California. N'afọ 2006, o meghere Paseo Escultórico Nezahualcóyotl na ihe a tụrụ atụ aha ya bụ nwunye ya nke a na-akpọ "Carmen". Retrospective Exhibition na Museum of the Palace of Fine Arts na Mexico City n'afọ 2008. "Exposición Siameses 50 Años de la Plástica del Maestro José Luis Cuevas" na 2009 na 2011 na "Dibujo y Escultura" na 2010. Ọ gara n'ihu na-egosipụta ọrụ ya ruo mgbe ọ nwụrụ, ọkachasị na Mexico.<ref name="biografia" /> == Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara == [[Usòrò:José Luis Cuevas 1984.jpg|thumb|José Luis Cuevas]] Ka ọ na-erule afọ iri na anọ, Cuevas sere ọtụtụ akwụkwọ akụkọ na akwụkwọ. <ref name="rogallery">{{Cite web|url=http://rogallery.com/cuevas_jose_luis/cuevas-biography.htm|title=José Luis Cuevas biography|publisher=Ro Gallery|accessdate=June 2, 2012}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://rogallery.com/cuevas_jose_luis/cuevas-biography.htm "José Luis Cuevas biography"]. Ro Gallery<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 2,</span> 2012</span>.</cite></ref>N'afọ 1957, ọ gara Philadelphia iji gosipụta akwụkwọ "The World of Kafka and Cuevas" maka Falcon Prest Publishers. <ref name="biografia">{{Cite web|url=http://www.joseluiscuevas.com.mx/biografia.html|title=Cronología biográfica|publisher=José Luis Cuevas Museum|language=es|accessdate=June 2, 2012}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.joseluiscuevas.com.mx/biografia.html "Cronología biográfica"] &#x5B;Biographical chronology&#x5D; (in Spanish). Mexico City: José Luis Cuevas Museum<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 2,</span> 2012</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)]]</ref>Na ngwụcha afọ 1950, ọ malitere ide ihe gbasara ọdịbendị maka mbipụta Novedades de México, ebe ọ zoro aka na ndị na-ese ihe n'oge ahụ dị ka Diego Rivera dị ka "cortina del nopal" (Nopal Cactus Curtain) ma kwado maka nnwere onwe nka ka ukwuu. Nkà ihe ọmụma a kpaliri ntọala na 1960 nke otu Nueva Presencia, nke ọ sonyeere maka oge dị mkpirikpi. Ìgwè ahụ kwalitere ngosipụta onwe onye na nka ihe atụ nke na-egosipụta ọnọdụ mmadụ nke oge a.<ref name="biografia" /><ref name="rogallery" /> == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] r4xd3wgupw0p95y3jk9056ycezoecn2 0 37019 632252 450873 2026-05-07T22:54:38Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 632252 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|website={{url|http://kelseyegan.com/}}}} '''Kelsey-Colin Kass Egan''' WGSA (amụrụ na 20 Machị 1983) bụ onye America-South Africa na-eme ihe nkiri, onye na-eme egwuregwu, na onye na-ese ihe nkiri. O guzobere ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe nke [[Cape Town]] bụ Crave Pictures. A họpụtara ihe nkiri ya dị mkpirikpi ''Gargoyle'' (2009) na ihe nkiri akụkọ sayensị ''Glasshouse'' (2021) maka SAFTAs. == Mbido na ndụ onwe onye == Egan si Wisconsin ma gaa Whitefish Bay High School. Ọ gara ọmụmụ ihe na British American Drama Academy na London. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ okpukpu abụọ na Drama na Neuroscience na Behavior na Vassar College, gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 2005. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tonguetwisters.co.za/gals-voices/1398675/kelsey-egan/bio?bf=1|title=Kelsey Egan|work=Tongue Twisters|accessdate=5 October 2021|archivedate=1 December 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211201125724/https://www.tonguetwisters.co.za/gals-voices/1398675/kelsey-egan/bio?bf=1}}</ref> biri obere oge na New York City na Beijing tupu ọ kwaga Johannesburg na 2008. <ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.iol.co.za/weekend-argus/entertainment/woman-director-speaks-about-the-challenges-of-male-dominate-film-industry-6e4279d4-b573-4efa-96a7-a40191f015af|title=Woman director speaks about the challenges of male-dominate film industry|journal=IOL|first=Keshia|author=Africa|date=10 August 2021|accessdate=5 October 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://bsharpentertainment.africa/the-bull/|title=The Bull|work=B-Sharp Entertainment|date=22 November 2017|accessdate=19 October 2021|archivedate=22 October 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211022065037/https://bsharpentertainment.africa/the-bull/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://filmint.nu/kelsey-egan-emma-lungiswa-de-wet-glasshouse-interview-alexandra-heller-nicholas/|title=Inside the Memory Box: Kelsey Egan and Emma Lungiswa De Wet on Glasshouse (Fantasia 2021)|work=FilmInt.|first=Matthew|author=Sorrento|date=21 August 2021|accessdate=5 October 2021}}</ref> nwere ụmụ amaala abụọ. == Ọrụ == === Ime ihe nkiri === Iji nweta ahụmịhe na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, Egan kpebiri ịmalite ọrụ ya na-arụ ọrụ n'ihu igwefoto na n'azụ ihe nkiri. Ọ bụ onye enyemaka mmepụta maka ihe nkiri Trumbo (2007) na ihe nkiri I Am Legend (2007), Stop-Loss (2008), na Deception (2008), na onye nhazi mmepụta maka fim Mr. Bones 2: Back from the Past (2008) na ''[[Gugu na Andile]]'' (2008) yana usoro Sky One Strike Back (2011). Ọ bụ onye nlekọta edemede maka Neill Blomkamp's District 9 (2009). A họpụtara ihe nkiri mkpirikpi mbụ nke Egan bụ ''Gargoyle'', nke e mere na 2008, maka Best Short Film na 2010 South African Film and Television Awards . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tvsa.co.za/shows/viewshowseasons.aspx?showId=2394&season=4|title=SAFTAs Season 4|work=TVSA|date=20 February 2010|accessdate=14 September 2022}}</ref> Ihe nkiri ya ndị ọzọ dị mkpirikpi gụnyere ''21th Street'' (2010), ''Red Herring'' (2014), The Bull (2018),<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.queensworldfilmfestival.com/films/detail.asp?fid=1272|title=The Bull by Kelsey Egan - Short Narrative Film|work=Queens Film Festival|accessdate=19 October 2021|archivedate=22 October 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211022065025/https://www.queensworldfilmfestival.com/films/detail.asp?fid=1272}}</ref> na The Fighter (2019). Egan bụ onye na-emepụta VFX maka mgbanwe 2014 nke The Giver ma bụrụ onye enyemaka na ihe nkiri Eye in the Sky (2015) na The Dark Tower (2017). O dere na ihe omume asaa nke usoro ihe nkiri ụmụaka nke 2018 ''Munki na Trunk'' nakwa na 2019 M-Net crime thriller miniseries Trackers . Mgb<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://variety.com/2021/film/global/local-motion-pictures-showmax-glasshouse-fantasia-1235029349/|title=South Africa's Local Motion Inks Three-Pic Pact With SVOD Showmax, Drops Trailer for Fantasia Premiere 'Glasshouse' (EXCLUSIVE)|journal=Deadline|first=Christopher|author=Vourlias|date=29 July 2021|accessdate=5 October 2021}}</ref> e yigharịrị The Fix, Egan malitere iso onye na-ede ihe nkiri Emma Lungiswa de Wet rụkọọ ọrụ na ihe nkiri sayensị atọ "nke dabeere" maka Local Motion Pictures. E dere nke mbụ n'ime slate ''Glasshouse'' n'elu Zoom n'oge mkpọchi COVID-19 ma mee ya na ebe dị na Eastern Cape na ngwụcha 2020. Ihe nkiri ahụ gosipụtara <ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://flipscreened.com/2021/08/18/fantasia-2021-interview-glasshouse-kelsey-egan/|title=FANTASIA 2021 INTERVIEW: 'Glasshouse' – Kelsey Egan|journal=Flipscreened|first=Hayley|author=Paskevich|date=18 August 2021|accessdate=27 January 2022}}</ref> 2021 Fantasia Film Festival, na-eme ka Egan bụrụ onye nduzi izizi, [1] <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.eyeforfilm.co.uk/feature/2021-08-11-interview-with-kelsey-egan-about-glasshouse-feature-story-by-jennie-kermode|title=Unforgettable: Kelsey Egan on memory, fairy tales, pandemics and Glasshouse|work=Eye for Film|first=Jennie|author=Kermode|date=11 August 2021|accessdate=27 January 2022}}</ref> wee wepụta ya n'ụzọ sara mbara na 2022. ''Glasshouse'' nwetara nhọpụta isii na South African Film and Television Awards n'afọ ahụ, gụnyere Best Feature Film, na-emeri ise n'ime ha. Utu aha ndị <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://writingstudio.co.za/glasshouse-a-dystopian-fairytale-challenging-female-driven-stories/|title=Glasshouse – A Dystopian Fairytale Challenging Female-Driven Stories|work=The Writing Studio|first=Daniel|author=Derckson|date=9 February 2022|accessdate=14 September 2022|archivedate=15 September 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220915020156/https://writingstudio.co.za/glasshouse-a-dystopian-fairytale-challenging-female-driven-stories/}}</ref>-abịanụ nke Egan gụnyere The Fix, <ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.radiotimes.com/movie-guide/b-q7067f/the-fix/|title=The Fix|journal=Radio Times|accessdate=27 January 2022}}</ref> Outer Edges, <ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://variety.com/2022/film/global/spier-films-boards-kelsey-egan-outer-edges-frontieres-1235321855/|title=Spier Films Boards Kelsey Egan's Sci-Fi Thriller 'Outer Edges' Ahead of Frontieres (EXCLUSIVE)|journal=Variety|first=Marta|author=Bałaga|date=21 July 2022|accessdate=22 July 2022}}</ref> na ihe nkiri abụọ ikpeazụ na slate ya na Lungiswa de Wet. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pfangirl.com/entertainment/glasshouse-interview-kelsey-egan/|title=Glasshouse: Exclusive interview with filmmaker Kelsey Egan|work=Pfangirl|first=Tracy|author=Benson|date=17 February 2022|accessdate=6 May 2022}}</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable" |+Ihe nkiri !Afọ !Aha ya ! width="65" |Onye nduzi ! width="65" |Onye edemede ! width="65" |Onye na-emepụta ya !Ihe edeturu |- | rowspan="2" |2008 |''Ịchere na Beijing'' | || {{partial|Assistant}} | |- |''Homo Sapien''| {{partial|1AD}} | | |Ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi |- | rowspan="3" |2009 |''Ịhụnanya Dị larịị''| {{partial|1AD}} | | |Ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi |- |''Mpaghara 9'' || {{partial|Supervisor}} | | |- |''Gargoyle''| {{yes}}| {{yes}}| {{yes}} |Ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi |- |2010 |''Khuthala Bo!''| {{partial|2UD}} || {{yes}} |Ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi |- |2010 |''21th Street''| {{yes}}| {{yes}}| {{yes}} |Ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi |- | rowspan="2" |2014 |''Red Herring''| {{yes}}| {{yes}} | |Ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi |- |''Onye Na-enye ya'' | || {{partial|VFX}} | |- |2018 |''Ehi ahụ''| {{yes}}| {{yes}}| {{yes}} |Ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi |- |2019 |''Onye Agha'' || {{yes}} | |Ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi |- |2021 |''Glasshouse''| {{yes}}| {{yes}} | |Ihe ngosi izizi nke onye nduzi |- | rowspan="4" |TBA |''Ihe Ndị Na-edozi''| {{yes}}| {{yes}}| {{yes}} | |- |''Akụkụ ndị dị n'èzí''| {{yes}} | | | |- |''M na-eburu gị mgbe niile''| {{yes}}| {{yes}} | | |- |Ihe nkiri nke atọ a na-akpọghị aha | | | | |- |} {| class="wikitable sortable" |+Telivishọn !Afọ !Aha ya ! width="65" |Onye nduzi ! width="65" |Onye edemede ! width="65" |Onye na-emepụta ya !Ihe edeturu |- |2018–2020 |''Munki na Trunk'' || {{yes}} | |Ihe omume 7 |- |2019 |''Ndị na-achụ nta'' || {{yes}} | |Miniserie; 5 episodes |- |} {| class="wikitable sortable" |+Vidio egwu !Afọ !Abụ !Onye na-ese ihe ! class="unsortable" |Ihe edeturu |- |2010 |"Nwa m ahụghị m ọzọ" |Ìgwè Death Valley Blues |Onye nduzi, onye edemede, onye na-emepụta |- | rowspan="2" |2012 |"Ụgbọ okporo ígwè" |Jakkals |Onye nduzi, onye edemede |- |"Gunuza" |Bongeziwe Mabandla |Onye nchịkọta akụkọ, onye na-emepụta |- |} === Ime ihe nkiri na ọrụ ihe nkiri === {| class="wikitable sortable" |+Ihe nkiri !Afọ !Aha ya !Ọrụ ! class="unsortable" |Ihe edeturu |- |2003 |''Ime Mgbanwe'' |Onye na-eme ngagharị iwe | |- |2005 |''Chọta M'' |Rachel | |- | rowspan="2" |2013 |''Ọnwụ agbụrụ nke atọ: Inferno'' |Ihe nkiri | |- |''Zulu'' |Nicole Weiss | |- |2014 |''Red Herring'' |Onye Na-agba Ịnyịnya |Ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi |- | rowspan="2" |2015 |''Ebe a na-aga'' | |Ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi |- |''Mad Max: Ụzọ Fury'' |Ihe nkiri | |- |2016 |''Ruo mgbe ebighị ebi'' (Afrikaans ) |Kat | |- |2020 |''[[Fried Barry|Barry e siri esi]]'' |Mmanụ aṅụ | |- |2021 |''Kaalgat Karel'' |Siri | |- |} {| class="wikitable sortable" |+Telivishọn !Afọ !Aha ya !Ọrụ ! class="unsortable" |Ihe edeturu |- |2012 |''Labyrinth'' |Ihe nkiri |Miniserie; 2 episodes |- | rowspan="2" |2013 |''Ụmụaka Na-achị'' |Ihe nkiri (Tommy Wiebeck) |Ihe nkiri telivishọn |- |''Ịgbalị Nnwere Onwe'' |Ihe nkiri (Gräfin Cecilie von Hohenberg) |Ihe nkiri telivishọn |- |2014 |''Izu Shark'' |Lindsay |Ihe omume: "Shark of Darkness: Wrath of Submarine" |- |2015 |''Ezinụlọ nke Ọgba Bear'' |Ihe nkiri (Ayla) |Ihe nkiri telivishọn |- | rowspan="2" |2016 |''Ndị Eze na Ndị Amụma'' |Ohu |Ihe omume: "Onye ọbara" |- |''Okpueze'' |Ihe nkiri (Elizabeth nke Abụọ) |Ihe omume: "Pride & Joy" |- | rowspan="2" |2020 |''Ọ bụ anụ ọhịa wolf zụlitere ya'' |Onye agha |Ihe omume: "Okwu Ọdịdị" |- |''Onye Agha'' |Oriakụ Kellerman |Ihe omume: "Onye agha" |- |2021 |''Onye Nche'' |Ndị na-eme ihe nkiri (Alice Band) |Ihe omume: "Ọ ka mma iji mee ka kandụl dịkwuo mma" |- |} {| class="wikitable sortable" |+Vidio egwu !Afọ !Abụ !Onye na-ese ihe ! class="unsortable" |Ihe edeturu |- |2014 |"Lights Out" (ft JungFreud) |PHFAT | |- |} === Ihe ndị ọzọ e nyere ya === {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ !Afọ !Aha ya !Ọrụ !Ihe edeturu |- | rowspan="2" |2007 |''Okirikiri'' | rowspan="4" |Onye na-enyere ya aka na mmepụta |Ihe nkiri |- |''Abụ m Akụkọ ifo'' | |- | rowspan="4" |2008 |''Kwụsị Mfu'' | |- |''Ịghọ aghụghọ'' | |- |''[[Maazị Ọkpụkpụ 2: Nlaghachi site n'oge gara aga]]'' |Onye nhazi | |- |''[[Gugu na Andile]]'' |Onye nhazi mmepụta |Ihe nkiri telivishọn |- |2011 |''Ịlaghachi azụ'' |Onye na-enyere onye nhazi mmepụta aka |Ihe omume 6 |- |2015 |''Anya n'Eluigwe'' | rowspan="2" |Onye na-enyere ndị na-eme ihe nkiri aka | |- |2017 |''Ụlọ Elu Ọchịchịrị'' | |- |} == Edensibia == nwanyị. Ihe nkiri mkpirikpi mbụ <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.news24.com/witness/archive/local-ufo-believer-in-film-about-extraterrestrial-lover-klarer-20150430|title=Local UFO believer in film about extraterrestrial lover Klarer|work=news24.com|accessdate=2021-10-27}}</ref>, Good Planets Are Hard to Find, bụ banyere [[Elizabeth Klarer]]. N'afọ 2016, ọ duziri ihe ngosi, ''[[Alison (ihe nkiri)|Alison]]'', nke dabeere na akwụkwọ Marianne Thamm, I Have Life{{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb name|2006145}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] dqrpjylznv7653mqd1q858d9nev7ulp 0 37787 632284 153658 2026-05-08T11:45:31Z Goodymaraj 21567 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:2|0|0 */ 632284 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox biography vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;" |<div class="fn" style="display:inline-block">Matt Bish</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |A mụrụ ya | class="infobox-data" |15 Mee 1975 <span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtstart bday">1975-05-15</span>)&nbsp;</span> (afọ 48) &nbsp;<br /><div class="birthplace" style="display:inline">Uganda</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Alma mater&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |Mahadum Makerere |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ọrụ (s) | class="infobox-data role" |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri na onye nduzi okike |} '''Matt Bish''' (amụrụ na 15 Mee 1975), nke a makwaara dị ka '''Matthew Bishanga''', bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri na [[Uganda]] na onye nduzi okike na Bish Films. Ọ duziri ihe nkiri mbụ nke Ugawood, ''[[Agha nke Mkpụrụ Obi]]'', na 2007. <ref name="Battle">[http://www.jamati.com/online/film/battle-of-the-souls/ Battle of the Souls]</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye na agụmakwụkwọ == Nwa mbụ n'ime ụmụ anọ nke Maazị na Oriakụ Douglas Bishanga mụrụ, Bish nwetara agụmakwụkwọ ya n'oge ọ bụ nwata na Uganda. N'ebe ahụ, dị ka nwata nwoke, ọ tolitere ịhụ ihe nkiri n'anya, na-aga ihe nkiri sinima ma na-egosikwa ọtụtụ ihe nkiri n"ụlọ ya na ezinụlọ ya na usoro vidiyo ụlọ nna ya. Ọ na-ekwu na ndị mụrụ ya bụ ndị kpaliri ọrụ ihe nkiri ya. Mgbe <ref name="crazy">{{Cite web |url=http://observer.ug/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=16891:matt-bish-not-crazy-about-kinna-uganda&catid=42:sizzling-entertainment&Itemid=74 |title=Matt Bish Not Crazy About Kina-Uganda (''The Observer'') 1 February 2012 |accessdate=3 March 2024 |archivedate=9 September 2023 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909115827/https://observer.ug/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=16891:matt-bish-not-crazy-about-kinna-uganda&catid=42:sizzling-entertainment&Itemid=74 }}</ref> gụsịrị akwụkwọ praịmarị, ọ gara Mahadum Makerere dị na Kampala, ebe ọ gụrụ ihe owuwu, tupu ọ kwaga [[Netherlands]] na 1998 ma mụọ ihe nkiri dijitalụ na SAE Institute dị na Amsterdam. == Ọrụ == N'afọ 2005, Bish laghachiri Uganda iji malite ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe nkiri "Bish Films Ltd" ya na nwanne ya nwoke nke obere Roger Mugisha. Na mbụ, ọ bụ naanị Vidio egwu, n'oge na-adịghị anya, ọ gbasara na fim. Bish rụrụ ọrụ na ihe nkiri mbụ ya na 2006. <ref name="crazy"/> <ref name="Battle"/>''Agha nke Mkpụrụ Obi'' bụ ihe nkiri mbụ na Uganda. [1] Bish Films na-emepụta mgbasa ozi TV na ihe ngosi, yana ihe nkiri na vidiyo egwu dịka ha mere mgbe ha malitere. O kwenyere na ihe nkiri Ugandan ndị na-anwa ịnọgide na-enwe àgwà ekwesịghị ka a na-ahazi ha dị ka kina-Uganda (dị ka ki-Nigeria) kama ọ bụ Nile Films, Ugawood <ref name="crazy"/> ma ọ bụ ihe ọzọ. "Onye nkatọ bụ onye na-enweghị ike ime ihe ị na-eme dịka ị na-emekwa ya..." - '''Matt Bish''' == Ihe nkiri == {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;" ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" |Afọ ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" |Ihe nkiri ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" |Ọrụ ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" |Ihe edeturu |- |2007 |''[[Agha nke Mkpụrụ Obi]]'' |Onye edemede, onye nduzi, onye na-emepụta |105 Minutes, nke a na-akpọkarị 'Ihe nkiri mbụ nke Uganda'; Nhọrọ gọọmentị: Kenya International Film Festival, Zanzibar International Film Festival), Verona International Film Festival (Los Angeles), Africa Movie Academy Awards (11 nhọpụta, Won Best Visual Effects na Best Supporting Actor), Mention pụrụ iche maka Best African Film (KIFF, ZIFF, VIFF) |- |2011 |''Ụlọ Ọrụ Nnyocha Steeti'' |Onye nduzi, onye na-emepụta |95 Minutes; Nhọrọ gọọmentị: African Film Festival Lagos (Nigeria), ZIFF, AMAA (2 nhọpụta), KIFF, Pearl International Film Festival (7 nhọpụta), Africa in the Picture International Film Festival Amsterdam 2012 (Winner Best Ugandan Feature Film, Cinematography, Producer, Screenplay and actor Awards at PIFF, Kampala) |- |2014 |''Sircle'' |Onye nduzi |60 Minutes maka M-Net Africa Magic Channel |- |2014 |''Playboy'' |Onye nduzi |60 Minutes maka M-Net Africa Magic Channel |- |2014 |''Enweghị ụgha'' |Onye nduzi |60 Minutes maka M-Net Africa Magic Channel |} ; Ihe nkiri ndị dị mkpirikpi {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;" ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" |Afọ ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" |Aha ya ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" |Ọrụ ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" |Ihe edeturu |- |2010 |''Ezigbo Nwa agbọghọ Katọlik'' |Onye edemede, onye nduzi, onye na-emepụta |26 Minutes, na nkwado nke Focus Features na Africa First Program; Nhọrọ gọọmentị: KIFF, ZIFF, VIFF 2011 |- |2012 |''Kwụsị Ihe ahụ'' |Onye nduzi, onye na-emepụta |14 Minutes, mepụtara maka Z.O.A.; Nhọrọ gọọmentị: Interfilm Berlin International Short Film Festival 2012, Kenya International Film Festival |} ; Ihe nkiri {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;" ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" |Afọ ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" |Ihe nkiri ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" |Ọrụ ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" |Ihe edeturu |- |2005 |''Òtù Na-emegide Nchịkọta Mba'' |Onye nduzi, onye na-emepụta |5 Minutes, mepụtara maka Mary Kiseka |- |2005 |''Njem nke KMCC'' |Onye nduzi, onye na-emepụta |26 Minutes, maka Kansanga Mirale Center Church |- |2006 |''Celtel Uganda'' |Onye nduzi, onye na-emepụta |9 Minit |- |2011 |''Enweghị Mmiri Enweghị Ụlọ Akwụkwọ'' |Onye nduzi, onye na-emepụta |3 nkeji, maka UNHCR |- |2011 |''Ịnakọta Iberibe'' |Onye nduzi, onye na-emepụta |4 Minutes, mepụtara maka UNHCR |- |2011 |''Iweghachi Nsọpụrụ'' |Onye nduzi, onye na-emepụta |3 Minutes, maka UNHCR; Nhọrọ gọọmentị: Kenya International Film Festival 2011 |- |2011 |''Ịlaghachi n'Ụlọ'' |Onye nduzi, onye na-emepụta |5 Minutes, maka UNHCR; Nhọrọ gọọmentị: Kenya International Film Festival 2011 |- |2011 |''Mgbalị Ịnwere Ndụ Dị Iche Iche'' |Onye nduzi, onye na-emepụta |14 Minutes, mepụtara maka HelpAge International |} == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == ihe nkiri na vidiyo egwu dịka ha mere mgbe ha malitere. O kwenyere na ihe nkiri Ugandan ndị na-anwa ịnọgide na-enwe àgwà * {{IMDb name|4921302}} {{Matt Bish}}  [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 8a0ze82ibal7de771w9dmvxv5heeg8h 0 38606 632307 195813 2026-05-08T11:51:23Z Goodymaraj 21567 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:2|0|0 */ 632307 wikitext text/x-wiki   [[File:Maryam Bukar H.jpg|thumb|Maryam Bukar Hassan]] <ref name="Guardian">{{Cite web|author=Nigeria|first=Guardian|date=2021-08-11|title="They said I couldn’t, but I built a global platform for myself." – Maryam Bukar – Author. Orator. Poet|url=https://guardian.ng/guardian-woman/they-said-i-couldnt-but-i-built-a-global-platform-for-myself-maryam-bukar-author-orator-poet/|accessdate=2023-10-30|work=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|archivedate=2023-10-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231003092218/https://guardian.ng/guardian-woman/they-said-i-couldnt-but-i-built-a-global-platform-for-myself-maryam-bukar-author-orator-poet/}}</ref>Maryam Bukar Hassan ( ከውጭ 25 Disemba 1996), Ịdị ka Alhanislam, listen ⓘ</link> bụ onye na-ede uri Naijiria, onye na-ese okwu, onye akwụkwọ gbasara, onye ọchụnta ego na-elekọta mmadụ, onye okike  ala, na, onye Pan Africanist Maryam bụ onye na-akwado maka nchekwa udo nke United Nations, onye nhazi mgbasa ozi na Change.org na Nigeria, ọ bụkwa onye nche nche gates .  Ọ na-eji olu ya eme egbochi nsogbu na eze na ikpe ziri ezi,okwu n'okwu ndị dị ka udo na ịnwụ nne . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Change.org petitions for release of over 24 abducted Gusau university girls - THISDAYLIVE|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2023/10/19/change-org-petitions-for-release-of-over-24-abducted-gusau-university-girls|accessdate=2023-11-03|work=www.thisdaylive.com|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2023-09-26|title=Young African Poets Champion Peace for UN Peacekeeping's 75th Anniversary|url=https://www.un.org/africarenewal/magazine/september-2023/young-african-poets-champion-peace-un-peacekeepings-75th-anniversary|accessdate=2023-11-03|work=Africa Renewal|language=en}}</ref> == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == Maryam bụ onye bi na Biu, [[Ȯra Borno|Borno State]], Nigeria .  Ọ bụ naanị nwa Hauwa Maina, onye ama na Naijiria.  [1] [2] Maryam akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na Uncle Bado Memorial College Kaduna wee gbanwee Technology Technology na Radford University College [[Ghana]], nke bụ mmekọ na Mahadum Kwame Nkrumah. . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Entervarsity|url=https://www.entervarsity.com/universities/radford-university-college|accessdate=2023-10-26|work=www.entervarsity.com|archivedate=2023-10-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026151655/https://www.entervarsity.com/universities/radford-university-college}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=AyshaBintMahmud|date=2017-12-08|title=Alhanislam – Maryam Bukar Hassan - AyshaBintMahmud|url=https://ayshabintmahmud.com/maryam-bukar/,%20https://ayshabintmahmud.com/maryam-bukar/|accessdate=2023-10-26|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ọrụ na rụzuru == Maryam emeela na mmemme na ikpo okwu dị iche iche, dị ka Aké Arts and Book Festival, Kaduna Book and Arts Festival, [1] Harmony for Humanity concert haziri nke United States Embassy na- ike Daniel Pearl, Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) ogbako  ., [2] [3] African Governance Architecture ogbako, 75th nke United Nations Peacekeeper Operations, [4] African Union 8th high-level dialogue ogbako 2019 na Kampala, Uganda, [5] Global Citizen Live, [6] na ọtụtụ  ndị ọzọ. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-05-17|title=She-EO 10.0 2021|url=https://thesheeo.org/blog/sheeo10|accessdate=2023-10-26|work=She-EO|language=en-US}}</ref> Maryam bụ onye guzobere obodo True My Voice, otu ndị na-eto eto na-agụ uri ọ na-enye ọzụzụ iji kwalite ikike nkwado dijitalụ ha. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Team|first=The Replay|date=2023-01-20|title=10 Nigerian Performance Poets Who Have Made Their TEDx Debuts|url=https://thereplaymag.com/2023/01/20/10-nigerian-performance-poets-who-have-made-their-tedx-debuts/|accessdate=2023-11-03|work=TheReplayMAG|language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Alhanislam {{!}} True My Voice|url=https://alhanislam.com/true-my-voice|accessdate=2023-11-03|work=alhanislam.com|language=en}}</ref> == Ihe nrite == * Onye na-eme ihe ngosi [[Leadership (newspaper)|nke ndu]] nke afọ (2021) <ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-05-01|title=Artiste Of The Year 2021: Maryam Bukar Hassan - Leadership Conferences|url=https://conferences.leadership.ng/artiste-of-the-year-2021-maryam-bukar-hassan/|accessdate=2023-10-26|language=en-US}}</ref> * Ooni Of Ife's Royal African Young Leadership Forum (RAYLF) Honors (2021) <ref>{{Cite web|title=Ooni Of Ife’s RAYLF Honours Bayo Omoboriowo, Taaooma, Maryam Bukar Hassan, Others {{!}} Independent Newspaper Nigeria|url=https://independent.ng/ooni-of-ifes-raylf-honours-bayo-omoboriowo-taaooma-maryam-bukar-hassan-others/|accessdate=2023-10-26|work=independent.ng}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=BellaNaija.com|date=2021-05-26|title=Ooni of Ife Declares the 2021 Royal Young Leadership Forum Open|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2021/05/royal-young-leadership-forum-2021/|accessdate=2023-10-26|work=BellaNaija|language=en-US}}</ref> * Ihe nrite Tozali kacha mma onye nka nka nke afọ (2022) <ref>{{Cite web|author=Kano|first=Daga Ali|date=2022-11-25|title=Za a karrama Rahama Sadau, Umar M. Shareef, Khairat da Alhanislam a bikin ‘Henna Ball’ na mujallar Tozali na bana - Kannywood - News, reviews and more › hausa|url=https://fimmagazine.com/za-a-karrama-rahama-sadau-umar-m-shareef-khairat-da-alhanislam-a-bikin-henna-ball-na-mujallar-tozali-na-bana/|accessdate=2023-10-26|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ihe ngosi == Ọ wepụtala ọba okwu abụọ a na-ekwu okwu: ''Na Obi nke Silence'' (2017) <ref>{{Cite web|author=Abubakar|first=Fatimah Isah|date=2023-08-28|title=Maryam Bukar Hassan: Biography, Life of Alhani Islam|url=https://arewahouse.com/maryam-bukar-hassan-biography-life-of-alhani-islam/|accessdate=2023-10-26|work=Arewa House|language=en-US|archivedate=2023-10-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231003092209/https://arewahouse.com/maryam-bukar-hassan-biography-life-of-alhani-islam/}}</ref> na ''Layers'' (2021), nke na-ekwu okwu gbasara ọha mmadụ dị iche iche. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Newsletter|first=Afro Review|date=2022-09-15|title=Alhanislam Shines Like The Star She is On "Layers" Album|url=https://emmanueldaraloye.substack.com/p/alhanislam-shines-like-the-star-she|accessdate=2023-10-26|work=Afro Review Newsletter}}</ref> == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] r2t60u0unigsldh3e5ug8b4gs2zx87x 0 38768 632229 623314 2026-05-07T16:34:41Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 632229 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Databox}}     '''Josephine Ejiroghene Oniyama''' (amụrụ 1983 na Manchester ) <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://search.findmypast.co.uk/results/united-kingdom-records-in-birth-marriage-death-and-parish-records/and_births-and-baptisms?firstname=josephine&firstname_variants=true&lastname=oniyama|title=findmypast.co.uk|work=search.findmypast.co.uk|accessdate=2016-09-07}}</ref> bụ onye na-agụ abụ Bekee. O wepụtala ọba atọ na ọtụtụ ndị otu. <ref name="josephineoniyama_b">{{Cite web|title=Josephine Oniyama|url=http://josephineoniyama.com/josephineoniyama/Josephine_Oniyama/Home.html|accessdate=29 July 2013|archivedate=4 August 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130804175926/http://www.josephineoniyama.com/josephineoniyama/Josephine_Oniyama/Home.html}}</ref> == Ndụ mbido == N'ịbụ onye bi na mpaghara Manchester nke Hulme, Oniyama tolitere na omenala West Africa mara mma <ref name="josephineoniyama">{{Cite web|title=Biography|url=http://josephineoniyama.com/josephineoniyama/Josephine_Oniyama/Biog.html|publisher=Solar Management|accessdate=29 July 2013|archivedate=29 July 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130729073754/http://www.josephineoniyama.com/josephineoniyama/Josephine_Oniyama/Biog.html}}</ref> jikọtara ya na nnukwu ihe nketa egwu nke Manchester, <ref>{{Cite news|author=Simpson|first=Dave|title=Has Manchester forgotten about its musical heritage?|url=https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2011/jul/04/manchester-music|work=The Guardian|accessdate=29 July 2013|date=4 July 2011}}</ref> nke kpụrụ ụdị ya. <ref name="josephineoniyama" /> Ọ nọ na-egwu gigs ka ọ dị afọ 15. <ref name="josephineoniyama" /> N'ime afọ kọleji ya , Sista Rosetta Tharpe, Bob Dylan, Joni Mitchell, na [[Bob Marley]] nwere mmetụta ọzọ. <ref name="josephineoniyama" /> O nwere mgbọrọgwụ Jamaica na [[Naijiria]] nke na-egosipụta na egwu ya, nke na-ekpuchi ụdị sitere na ozi ọma na obodo ruo egwu mkpụrụ obi. Na 2002 Oniyama weputara album izizi ''ya A SMALLER VERSION OF THE REAL THING site'' na Storm music Ltd.Steve Long/Dewsbury. onye mmeri n'egwu Oniyama zipụrụ akwụkwọ n'ụlọ ọrụ redio niile na UK n'echiche na ọ bụ Odetta narị afọ nke 21, afọ 10 gachara na 2012 Oniyama wepụtara ''Portrait'' nke abụọ ya nke Leo Abrahams mepụtara. <ref name="josephineoniyama"/> <ref>{{Cite web|title=We Plug To You… Josephine – Portrait|url=http://www.wepluggoodmusic.com/2012/12/19/we-plug-to-you-josephine-portrait/|date=19 December 2012|accessdate=18 July 2013|archivedate=25 October 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131025071004/http://www.wepluggoodmusic.com/2012/12/19/we-plug-to-you-josephine-portrait/}}</ref> Ndekọ a nwekwara ihe jikọrọ ya na Jimmy Hogarth na Ed Harcourt. <ref name="josephineoniyama" /> Ndị otu "Gịnị bụ ụbọchị" na "Ịhụnanya mbụ" (A-depụtara na BBC Radio 2 ) bu ụzọ tupu album ahụ. The album natara nti reviews si ''The Guardian'', <ref>{{Cite news|title=Josephine: Portrait – review|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2012/oct/07/josephine-oniyama-portrait-review|accessdate=29 July 2013|work=The Guardian|first=Neil|author=Spencer|date=7 October 2012}}</ref> ''The Times'', <ref>{{Cite web|title=Josephine at Bush Hall, W12|url=http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/arts/music/livereviews/article3681334.ece|accessdate=29 July 2013}}</ref> ''The Mirror'', <ref name="josephineoniyama_a">{{Cite web|title=Josephine Oniyama Press|url=http://josephineoniyama.com/josephineoniyama/Josephine_Oniyama/Press.html|accessdate=29 July 2013|archivedate=21 June 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130621112205/http://josephineoniyama.com/josephineoniyama/Josephine_Oniyama/Press.html}}</ref> ''Q'' <ref name="josephineoniyama_a" /> na ''Mojo'' . <ref name="josephineoniyama_a" /> A na-akpọ otu "Portrait" na Redio 2 wee wepụta ya n'ihe dịka otu oge na album ahụ. Oniyama pụtara na 'E mesịa ya na Jools Holland' <ref>{{Cite web|title=Episode 5 Series 41|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b01nmm1l|publisher=BBC Two [[Later... with Jools Holland]]|accessdate=29 July 2013}}</ref> na ''Andrew Marr Show'' <ref>{{Cite web|title=The Andrew Marr Show|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/galleries/p00pghv0|work=BBC One, The Andrew Marr Show|publisher=BBC One|accessdate=29 July 2013}}</ref> ma na-adịbeghị anya mere na Glastonbury na BBC2. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Oniyama|first=Josephine|title=Glastonbury: Music's Pop-up Town|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/josephine/josephine-glastonburymusics-pop-up-_b_3612967.html|work=Huffington Post|date=18 July 2013|accessdate=29 July 2013}}</ref> Na 2012 Oniyama kwadoro Paolo Nutini, <ref>{{Cite web|title=Paolo Nutini Thursday 2nd June|url=http://www.kinggeorgeshall.com/kghblog/?p=171|work=King Georges Hall Blog|publisher=King Georges Hall|accessdate=29 July 2013|archivedate=29 July 2013|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20130729171551/http://www.kinggeorgeshall.com/kghblog/?p=171}}</ref> Michael Kiwanuka, <ref>{{Cite web|title=Michael Kiwanuka @ Junction, Cambridge, 22 May 2012|url=http://www.musicomh.com/music/photos/michael-kiwanuka/|work=Music OMH Blog|accessdate=29 July 2013}}</ref> Rodrigo y Gabriella <ref>{{Cite web|title=Rodrigo Y Gabriela confirm Olympia Theatre Dublin 2012 live concert date for Sunday August 26th!|url=http://musicscene.ie/2012/07/rodrigo-y-gabriela-confirm-olympia-theatre-dublin-2012-live-concert-date-for-sunday-august-26th/|work=Music Scene Blog|publisher=Music Scene|date=24 July 2012|accessdate=29 July 2013}}</ref> na The Noisettes na egwu egwu ndụ. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Stone|first=Richard|title=Noisettes (Interview & Review)|url=http://oxideradio.co.uk/blog/noisettes-live/|work=Oxide - Oxford Student Radio|publisher=Oxford University|accessdate=29 July 2013|archivedate=12 March 2024|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240312135833/http://oxideradio.co.uk/blog/noisettes-live/}}</ref> Ya na Paloma Faith <ref>{{Cite journal|title=Josephine will bring strong support to Paloma Faith tour|journal=South Wales Argus|date=4 January 2013|url=http://www.southwalesargus.co.uk/leisure/entertainments/10141760.Josephine_will_bring_strong_support_to_Paloma_Faith_tour/|accessdate=29 July 2013}}</ref> gara njem nlegharị anya UK na mbido 2013 yana ime njem nlegharị anya nke ya na Eprel 2013. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Josephine brings her first UK headline tour to Manchester|url=http://www.chesterchronicle.co.uk/entertainment-chester/news-reviews/2013/04/03/josephine-brings-her-first-uk-headline-tour-to-manchester-59067-33104273/|work=Chester Chronicle|publisher=Ellesmere Port Pioneer|accessdate=29 July 2013|archivedate=21 July 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130721082232/http://www.chesterchronicle.co.uk/entertainment-chester/news-reviews/2013/04/03/josephine-brings-her-first-uk-headline-tour-to-manchester-59067-33104273/}}</ref> Ihe ngosi ya na 2013 gụnyere Glastonbury, <ref name="josephineoniyama_b"/> T na Park, <ref name="josephineoniyama_b" /> Latitude <ref name="josephineoniyama_b" /> na Electric picnic . <ref name="josephineoniyama_b" /> E wepụtara ''Portrait'' album na [[Jémanị|Germany]], [[Austria]] na [[Switzerland]] na 5 Julaị 2013. <ref name="josephineoniyama_b"/> Na 2015 o nyere aka site n'ịbụ abụ na abụ anọ na jazz album ''Into Forever site'' na Matthew Halsall &amp;amp; The Gondwana Orchestra . N'afọ 2016, Oniyama pụtara na album nke asatọ nke Scottish band Travis, ''Ihe niile n'otu oge'' . A na-egosi ya na egwu "Idlewild". Na Nọvemba 2022, o wepụtara ọba ya nke atọ, ''Kindred.'' == ewepụtara == * "Bus of Life" (Single) Ihe ndekọ mmadụ jọrọ njọ 2001 * "Bịa gburugburu" (Single) Ihe ndekọ mmadụ jọrọ njọ 2001 * ''Mpempe akwụkwọ nke ezigbo ihe'' (Album) Storm Records 2002 * "Na Labyrinth" (Single EP) Island Records 2008 * "Nkeji ikpeazụ" ( otu ), Igbe ndekọ / Rubyworks, 2013 * ''Eserese'' (abụọ), Igbe ndekọ / Rubyworks, 2012 * "Portrait" (otu), Igbe ndekọ / Rubyworks, 2012 * "Ịhụnanya mbụ" (Na-alụbeghị di), Ndekọ Igbe / Rubyworks, 2012 * "Gịnị bụ ụbọchị" (otu), Igbe ndekọ / Rubyworks, 2012 * "'Til You" (otu otu), Igbe ndekọ / Rubyworks, 2017 * ''Kindred'' (album), ụda nke ndekọ anyanwụ, 2022 == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/womanshour/2002_39_thu_04.shtml Josephine Oniyama] na ''awa nwanyị'', 26 Septemba 2002. * [http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio3/world/onyourstreet/msjosephine1.shtml "Ụwa N'okporo ámá Gị"], BBC Radio 3 . [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 5ps6i0h2bi6nif3er23mtgklcs40huo 0 40461 632301 161585 2026-05-08T11:50:06Z Goodymaraj 21567 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:2|0|0 */ 632301 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Databox}}   '''Homeboyz Interactive''' (HBI) bụ mbanye, ọzụzụ na ntinye ọrụ dabere na azụmahịa na-abụghị uru na Milwaukee, [[Wiskonsin|Wisconsin]], [[Njikọ̀taọ̀hà|United States]], nke otu nwanna nwoke Jesuit tọrọ na 1996 iji gbanwee ndị otu òtù ka ha bụrụ ndị ọrụ na-arụpụta ihe. == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == James Holub, onye bụbu nwanne Jesuit jikọrọ aka na Mahadum Wheeling Jesuit, <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bizjournals.com/milwaukee/stories/2005/01/17/story7.html|title=Recruiting tomorrow's scientists|author=Trewyn|first=Phill|date=January 16, 2005|work=Milwaukee Business Journal|accessdate=September 9, 2018|publisher=American City Business Journals}}</ref> jụrụ ndị otu òtù nọ na South Milwaukee ka a ga-esi nyere ha aka, ka ha kwụsị ịda ogbenye na ime ihe ike . Ndị ntorobịa ahụ tụrụ aro ka a zụọ ha maka ọrụ ha nwetara obi ụtọ. Ọ ghaghị iduga n'ọrụ ndị na-akwụ ma ọ dịkarịa ala ụgwọ ọrụ kacha nta, na nkà kọmputa yiri ka ọ kacha mma. <ref name="jobs" /> Emebere Homeboyz Interactive anaghị akwụ ụgwọ iji kwado ndị ọkachamara na imewe webụ, mmepe ngwa, yana nkwado PC/netwọk. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.wecaretoo.com/Organizations/WI/homeboyz.html|title=Homeboyz Interactive|work=www.wecaretoo.com|accessdate=2017-02-20|archivedate=2017-02-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202002209/http://www.wecaretoo.com/Organizations/WI/homeboyz.html}}</ref> Ekike a na-anaghị akwụ ụgwọ kpalitere ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka webụsaịtị HBI Consulting nke nyere ndị na-azụ ọzụzụ ahụmịhe ọrụ. <ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=http://www.economist.com/node/825468|title=God meets Mammon|author=<!--no byline-->|date=October 18, 2001|work=The Economist|accessdate=September 9, 2018}}</ref> Ọ tụgharịrị ihe karịrị ndị nkuzi 20 kwa afọ maka mmemme netwọk kọmputa na kọmputa maka ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na ndị ahịa ndị ọzọ yana maka ndị na-enye ọrụ kọmputa. Ụfọdụ ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ n'usoro ihe omume ahụ nọgidere na-agụ akwụkwọ, ụfọdụ hiwere azụmahịa nke ha, ndị ọzọ nọgidere na-arụ ọrụ na HBI. <ref name="jobs">{{Cite web|url=https://www.milwaukeejobs.com/company/profile/Homeboyz-Interactive?cid=E2PF779R9QCX9ML6BB3N7PFH9DUJ9DC7|title=Find a Job in Milwaukee, Wisconsin {{!}} MilwaukeeJobs.com|work=www.milwaukeejobs.com|accessdate=2017-02-20}}</ref> ''The Economist'' kọwara mbọ a dị ka “na-atụgharị ndị ohi ka ha bụrụ ndị mmemme” na Milwaukee's South Side, bụ nke nwere oke ogbugbu okpukpu abụọ karịa [[New York City|New York]] . Holub 'eliwo onye òtù 28th ya' tupu o mejuputa atụmatụ Homeboyz, na nghọta na "ọ dịghị ihe na-akwụsị mgbọ dị ka ọrụ." <ref name=":0"/> Mmemme ahụ ga-agafe ihe dị ka ndị atụmanya 80 kwa afọ bụ ndị gụsịrị ọzụzụ nke ọma ma nye ha ọrụ mgbe ha na-agụ akwụkwọ maka nhata ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, tupu a gwa ha ka ha kpebie ụzọ ha ga-aga. Ọtụtụ nabatara ọrụ ma ọ bụ gaa na kọleji obodo mana ihe dị ka mmadụ 25 banyere ọzụzụ Homeboyz maka ndị mmemme kọmputa. N'ime 150 mbụ ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ na mmemme a, ọ dịghị onye funahụrụ ya n'ọrụ; Ọnụ ego ha na-akwụ mgbe afọ abụọ gachara bụ US$63,000 . <ref name=":0" /> Ụfọdụ họọrọ ịlaghachi n'ọrụ oge nile na HBI. <ref name=":0"/> Ka ọ na-erule 2002, ngụkọta nke mmadụ 142 agụchaala na ọzụzụ HBI wee banye n'ọrụ IT oge niile. <ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.bizjournals.com/milwaukee/stories/2002/10/21/story8.html|title=Homeboyz quell checkered pasts|author=Schwartz|first=Anne|date=October 20, 2002|work=Milwaukee Business Journal|accessdate=September 9, 2018|publisher=American City Business Journals}}</ref> Usoro nkuzi dịka nke 2000 gụnyere Javascript na [[Adobe Photoshop|Photoshop]], n'etiti ngwaọrụ mmepe weebụ ndị ọzọ. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.fastcompany.com/40414/looking-talent-take-train|title=Looking for Talent? Take the A Train|author=Balu|first=Rekha|date=June 30, 2000|work=Fast Company|accessdate=September 12, 2018}}</ref> N'afọ 2000, HBI nwetara 14% nwe ya na reEmploy.com, ụlọ ọrụ na-akwụ ụgwọ ụgwọ, maka mgbanwe maka ịmepụta akwụkwọ oge eletrọnịkị nke nzukọ ahụ mepụtara. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bizjournals.com/milwaukee/stories/2000/09/25/smallb1.html|title=New technology helps retirees return for periodic work|author=Schwab|first=Paul|date=September 24, 2000|work=Milwaukee Business Journal|accessdate=September 9, 2018|publisher=American City Business Journals}}</ref> N'ihe dị ka afọ 2001, HBI Consulting, ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta weebụ maka uru, nwere ndị ahịa 72. <ref name=":0"/> N'ime ndị ahịa ahụ bụ GE Medical, Toyota Forklift, Northwestern Mutual Life, Verizon Wireless, BP ; <ref name=":0" /> na Mahadum Marquette . <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bizjournals.com/milwaukee/stories/2003/01/06/daily53.html|title=Marquette launches new Web site|author=<!--no byline-->|date=January 10, 2003|work=Milwaukee Business Journal|accessdate=September 9, 2018|publisher=American City Business Journals}}</ref> Ụlọ ọrụ ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ na mmemme ọzụzụ HBI nwetara ọkwá gụnyere Northwestern Mutual na Manpower Inc., United Community Center na Milwaukee na EKI Consulting. <ref name=":1"/> Otu ụzọ nke gụsịrị akwụkwọ malitekwara ụlọ ọrụ nke ha na 2002, Innovative Source, ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta weebụ, nke n'onwe ya nwere ndị ahịa dịka Mahadum Wisconsin-Milwaukee na Milwaukee Women's Center. <ref name=":1" /> Nke a bụ ụzọ na-aga n'ihu, ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ na-amalite ụlọ ọrụ ndụmọdụ nke ha. <ref name=":1" /> Na 2004, HBI nwetara onyinye maka nkwado izugbe sitere na Vine and Branches Foundation na ego US$120,000 . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bigdatabase.com/Big-DB/USFoundation-profiles/VINE%20AND%20BRANCHES%20FOUNDATION%20INC-391827808.HTML|title=BIG Online: US Foundation Summary|author=<!--no byline-->|date=February 2018|publisher=Big Online America|accessdate=September 12, 2018|archivedate=September 13, 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180913073709/http://www.bigdatabase.com/Big-DB/USFoundation-profiles/VINE%20AND%20BRANCHES%20FOUNDATION%20INC-391827808.HTML}}</ref> The ngwaahịa Project Foundry hụrụ mmalite ya na ihe isi ike nke ijikwa ngo dabeere mmụta n'ofe ọtụtụ ụmụ akwụkwọ nwere ọtụtụ dịgasị iche iche nke nkà, a nsogbu nke Shane Krukowski zutere, onye mepụtara software mgbe ọ na-akụzi na HBI. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bizjournals.com/milwaukee/blog/2014/10/startup-a-day-meet-project-foundry.html|title=Startup-a-day: Meet Project Foundry|author=Bauter|first=Alison|date=October 15, 2014|work=Milwaukee Business Journal|accessdate=September 9, 2018|publisher=American City Business Journals}}</ref> Krukowski mechara bụrụ ụlọ ọrụ ama ama iji wepụta ngwanro ahụ site na ụdị azụmaahịa dabere na ndenye aha. <ref name=":1"/> Ụfọdụ bịara Homeboyz site n'ụlọ ikpe mpụ ma ọ bụ Ngalaba Ndozi. E kenyere onye Jesuit Volunteer (JV) ka ọ rụọ ọrụ na mmemme ahụ, yana ịgbakwunye akụkụ ime mmụọ site na ịtụgharị uche mgbe niile. Nke nta nke nta, ahịa ahụ malitere ibute ụzọ eserese eserese na ihe onyonyo karia iwu ụlọ. Mgbe 2006 Homeboyz HBI tụbara n'ime ọtụtụ spinoffs wee kwụsị ịdị adị dị ka ihe dị iche. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://oakdemo.dotche.sageite.com/catalog/org.shtml?org_id=4938|title=Oakdemo|work=oakdemo.dotche.sageite.com|accessdate=2017-02-20|archivedate=2016-05-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160513171413/http://oakdemo.dotche.sageite.com/catalog/org.shtml?org_id=4938}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.jaypl.com/portfolio/33.html|title=Jay Patrick Langhurst - Pewaukee, Wisconsin|work=www.jaypl.com|accessdate=2017-02-20}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Ụlọ ọrụ Homeboy == Edensibia == {{Reflist|2}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] edxxavon3676sm0vsly72oelmh6ub42 0 42275 632299 539332 2026-05-08T11:49:42Z Goodymaraj 21567 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:2|0|0 */ 632299 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|honorific-prefix=Commissioner|name=Barry Swanson|honorific-suffix=|image=|imagesize=|office=23rd [[Chief of the Staff of The Salvation Army|Chief of the Staff]]|1blankname=[[General of The Salvation Army|General]]|1namedata=[[Shaw Clifton]]<br>[[Linda Bond]]|predecessor=[[Robin Dunster]]|successor=[[Andre Cox]]|term_start=May 2010|term_end=February 2013|birth_date={{birth date and age|1950|4|4}}|birth_place=[[Chicago]], [[Illinois]]|death_date=|death_place=|nationality=American|spouse=Sue Miller<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.salvationarmy.org/ihq/hcbarryswanson | title=The Salvation Army International - Candidate Profile: Commissioner Barry C. Swanson | accessdate=2024-04-13 | archivedate=2022-05-24 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220524143633/https://www.salvationarmy.org/ihq/hcbarryswanson }}</ref>|party=|relations=|children=|residence=|alma_mater=|occupation=|profession=}} Kọmịshọna Barry C. Swanson (amuru 4, 1950) bu onye isi ndi agha nzọputa America nke emu ya dika onye isi na The Salvation Army na June 11, 1978 [1] na onye bu onye isi nke iri abuo na ato nke ndi oru  nke The Salvation Army n'okpuru.  Ndị agha Salvation Army Shaw Clifton na Linda Bond .  Andre Cox nọchiri ya na February 2013. Swanson bụkwa onye ndoro-ndoro maka 20th General of the Salvation Army na August 2013, mana a họpụtaghị ya. == Na-arụ ọrụ na The Salvation Army == Nwanyị Swanson na Chicago, Illinois gara Mahadum Northern Illinois ebe ọa akara akara akara akara bachelor na akara.  Na 1975 ọ na-egosi Sue Miller.  Ha na-abanye na Salvation Army College for Officer Training na 1976. Ha na-eme nri (ụka) na [[Michigan]] & [[Minésótạ|Minnesota]].  Ọ dị ọrụ dị ka Onye enyemaka Divisional nke ngalaba Heartland nke hiwere isi na Peoria, Illinois.  Mgbe nhọpụta a pụta, a mmetụta ya ike Territorial na 1999. Nhọpụta ya ọzọ bụ onye isi ike maka US Central Territory na 2003 wee nye ọkwa Colonel. Mgbe nhọpụta a ebube, a mgbaàmà ya ka ọ bụrụ isi ụlọ ọrụ mba dị ka onye isi ụlọ mba.  Na 2007 Commissioner Swanson bịara International Headquarters dị ka International Secretary na Zonal Secretary for Americas and Caribbean zone, tupu a họpụta ya ka ọ bụrụ Onye mmụta na USA Central Territory .  O weghaara ikike nke Onye isi ndị ọrụ na Mee 1, 2010 mgbe ezumike nka nke Kọmishana Robin Dunster Na February 2011 na akwụkwọ nke High Council of the Salvation Army, a na-amụ Swanson ka ọ bụrụ 19th General nke The Salvation Army .  Otú ọ dị, Linda Bond tụfuru elu aka ahụ.  Swanson bụ ugbu a onye ọchịchịagha mpaghara nke Salvation Army's Eastern Territory na United States <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.salvationarmy.org/ihq/8EDAD635A563E7B180257826003A055D|title=The Salvation Army International - Candidate profile: Commissioner Barry C. Swanson|accessdate=2024-04-13|archivedate=2016-03-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304052703/http://www.salvationarmy.org/ihq/8EDAD635A563E7B180257826003A055D}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://salvationist.ca/2013/07/nominations-arise-out-of-a-spirit-of-unity/|title=Nominations Arise Out of a Spirit of Unity}}</ref>Na 31 July 2013 Swanson ka a dị ka onye na-akwado 20th general nke Salvation Army, ma ọ tụfuru mbụ aka na General Andre Cox . === Nhọpụta === ==== USA Central Territory ==== Corps (June 1977), DHQ (June 1990), Corps (July 1992), DHQ (June 1994) Divisional Commander (August 1995) Territorial Secretary for Program (July 1999) Chief Secretary (April 2003) ==== Ụlọ ọrụ mba USA ==== Onye isi ode akwụkwọ mba (July 2006) ==== Isi ụlọ ọrụ mba ụwa ==== Odeakwụkwọ mba ụwa maka America na Caribbean (Julaị 2007) ==== USA Central Territory ==== Ọchịagha mpaghara (October 2008) ==== Isi ụlọ ọrụ mba ụwa ==== Onye isi ndị ọrụ (Mee 2010) ==== US Eastern Territory ==== Ọchịagha mpaghara (February 2013) <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.salvationarmy.org/ihq/hcbarryswanson|title=The Salvation Army International - Candidate Profile: Commissioner Barry C. Swanson|accessdate=2024-04-13|archivedate=2022-05-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220524143633/https://www.salvationarmy.org/ihq/hcbarryswanson}}</ref> == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}}  {{DEFAULTSORT:Swanson, Barry}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Ịda ogbenye]] qazld8slq0dn1kgx1d3xaokelqndrok 0 45665 632258 540602 2026-05-08T02:07:23Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 632258 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|image=<!-- only free-content images are allowed for depicting living people. Non-free and "fair use" images, e.g. promo photos, CD/DVD covers, posters, screen captures, etc., will be deleted - see [[WP:NONFREE]] -->|name=Kofi Ansah|birth_date={{Birth date|df=y|1951|07|06}}|birthname=|birth_place=|death_date={{Death date and age|df=y|2014|05|03|1951|07|06}}|death_place=[[Accra]], Ghana|occupation=Fashion designer|nationality=Ghanaian|education=[[Chelsea School of Art]]|spouse=Nicola Ansah|children=[[Joey Ansah]], Ryan Ansah and Tanoa Sasraku-Ansah}} {{Databox}}'''Kofi Ansah''' (6 Julaị 1951 <ref>Nana K. Duah, [https://web.archive.org/web/20220320053129/https://issuu.com/nanak.duah/docs/kofi_ansah_brochure_final_914bbbd29c161d "Kofi Ansah 1951 - Eternity"] (Celebrating Kofi Sasraku Ansah: official commemorative brochure), 6 June 2014, p. 4. Via ''Issuu''</ref> - 3 Mee 2014) bụ onye mmebe ejiji nke Ghana. A na-ewere ya dị ka onye ọsụ ụzọ n'ịkwalite ụdị na imewe ndị Africa ọgbara ọhụrụ na ọkwa mba ụwa. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140508103448/http://www.okayafrica.com/2014/05/06/kofi-ansah-ghanaian-designer-pret-a-poundo/#slide1 "Ghanaian Designer Kofi Ansah Passes On"], Okayafrica, 6 May 2014.</ref> Ọ lụrụ Nicola Ansah na nna onye omee Joey Ansah, Ryan Ansah na Tanoa Sasraku-Ansah. == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Ansah na 1951 n'ime ezinụlọ nka na mmasị ya na nka na imewe bụ nna ya, onye na-ese foto na onye na-egwu oge ochie kwadoro ya. <ref name="BBC">[[Elizabeth Ohene]], [https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-27413464 "Kofi Ansah: Ghana mourns fashion guru"], BBC News Africa, 30 May 2014.</ref> Ansah gụrụ akwụkwọ na Chelsea School of Art, gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 1979 site na nzere klaasị mbụ na imepụta ejiji na iche na teknụzụ imewe. <ref name="BBC"/> == Ihe nrite na nkwanye ugwu == Ansah meriri ugwu Ghana Quality Awards Diamond Division na Ọktoba 2003, maka uwe na akwa na Artdress Ltd, ụlọ ọrụ ya bụ onye mmeri nke Millennium 2000 African Fashion Awards. Ọ hazikwara ákwà ncheta ụbọchị Ghana @50 Golden Jubilee Celebration. Ọ haziri ejiji maka mmemme mmeghe na mmechi nke 2008 African Cup of Nations e mere na Ghana, <ref name="BBC"/> <ref name="JoyOnline">Ernest Dela Aglanu, [https://web.archive.org/web/20160303230753/http://www.myjoyonline.com/entertainment/2014/May-30th/funeral-held-for-designer-kofi-ansah-body-to-be-cremated.php "Funeral held for designer Kofi Ansah; body to be cremated"], Joy Online, 30 May 2014.</ref> na 2009 bụ onye isi mmebe na Festival of African Fashion and Arts (FAFA). <ref>[https://newafricanmagazine.com/latest-and-current-affairs/current-posts/21st-century-ghanaians/ "21st Century Ghanaians"], ''[[New African]]'', 1 March 2012.</ref> A kwanyere ya ugwu na Nọvemba 2015 na ETV Ghana Fashion Awards maka "oke ntinye aka ya na ụlọ ọrụ ejiji na ugwu nke mba." <ref>[http://www.ghananewsagency.org/social/kofi-ansah-honoured-in-ghana-fashion-awards-2015--97561 "Kofi Ansah honoured in Ghana Fashion Awards 2015"], Ghana News Agency, 28 November 2015.</ref> == Ntụaka == onye ọsụ ụzọ n'ịkwalite ụdị na imewe ndị Africa ọgbara ọhụrụ na ọkwa mba ụwa. Ọ lụrụ{{Reflist|30em}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Elizabeth Ohene, [https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-27413464 "Kofi Ansah: Ghana na-eru uju ejiji guru"], BBC News Africa, 30 Mee 2014. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160422045258/https://www.businessinafricapays.com/case-study-with-kofi-ansah/ "Ịgbanwe ihu nke ejiji Ghana"], Azụmahịa n'Africa na-akwụ ụgwọ. t0tra9wl6dcc83pgoyi6wny96zg8t01 0 46250 632236 214725 2026-05-07T18:12:14Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 632236 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Databox}} '''Julie Mehretu''' (amuru na Nọvemba 28, 1970) bu onye omenka nlere anya nke oge a nke ndi America America, mara maka ihe osise ya nwere otutu ihe osise nke odida obodo n'uzo buru ibu. Eserese ya, eserese ya na mbipụta ya na-egosipụta mmetụta nchikota nke mgbanwe ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị obodo mepere emepe. Mehretu so na 100 Kasị Mma Ndị mmadụ na 2020. N'afọ sochirinụ, ''The New York Times'' kọwara ya dị ka "ihe atụ a na-adịghị ahụkebe nke onye na-ese ihe nwanyị ojii nke oge a bụ onye abanyelarị n'akwụkwọ akụkọ." <ref name="NYT21">{{Cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/03/21/arts/design/julie-mehretu-and-success.html|title=Julie Mehretu's Reckoning With Success|author=Pogrebin|first=Robin|date=August 8, 2023|work=[[The New York Times]]|publisher=|accessdate=August 8, 2023|quote=}}</ref> N'October 2023, Mehretu mebiri ndekọ okushon maka onye omenkà Africa na Sotheby's Hong Kong, ya na mpempe ya ''Untitled'' (2001), nke rere maka nde $9.32. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Rabb|first=Maxwell|date=October 9, 2023|title=Ethiopian painter Julie Mehretu breaks auction record for an African artist.|url=https://www.artsy.net/article/artsy-editorial-ethiopian-painter-julie-mehretu-breaks-auction-record-african-artist|accessdate=October 16, 2023|work=Artsy|language=en}}</ref> Ọ bụ otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị abụọ meberela ndepụta nke ọrụ nka 10 kachasị ọnụ ahịa nke oge a rere n'ahịa ọrịre na 2023. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Network|first=Artnet Gallery|date=2024-03-05|title=5 Quick Takeaways From the Artnet Intelligence Report|url=https://news.artnet.com/art-world/5-quick-takeaways-from-the-artnet-intelligence-report-2439207|accessdate=2024-03-09|work=Artnet News|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Mehretu na [[Addis Ababa|Addis Ababa, Etiopia]] na 1970, nwa mbụ nke prọfesọ kọleji Etiopia na onye nkuzi Montessori America. Nna ya bụ onye Etiopia na nne ya bụ onye Juu onye America. Ha gbapụrụ na mba ahụ na 1977 iji gbanarị ọgba aghara ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị wee kwaga East Lansing, Michigan, maka ọnọdụ nkuzi nna ya na ọdịdị akụ na ụba na Michigan State University . <ref name="tomkins"/> <ref name="Scott-p221">{{Cite book|title=The reckoning : women artists of the new millennium|author=Scott|first=Sue|date=2013|publisher=Prestel|isbn=978-3791347592}}</ref> : 215  Onye gụsịrị akwụkwọ na East Lansing High School, Mehretu nwetara nzere bachelọ nke Arts na kọleji Kalamazoo dị na Kalamazoo, Michigan, wee mee obere afọ mba ọzọ na Mahadum Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD) na Dakar, Senegal, wee gaa ụlọ akwụkwọ Rhode Island nke Kere. na Providence, Rhode Island, ebe ọ nwetara nzere Master of Fine Arts na 1997. <ref name="tomkins"/> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://white-cube.files.svdcdn.com/production/uploads/CVs/Julie-Mehretu/Julie-Mehretu-CV-September-2023.pdf?dm=1697102894|title=Julie Mehretu CV|work=White Cube}}</ref> A họpụtara ya maka mmemme CORE na Museum of Fine Arts na Houston, ebe obibi nke nyere ụlọ ọrụ studio, nkwụ ụgwọ, na ihe ngosi na ụlọ ngosi ihe ngosi nka. <ref name="Big Art, Big Money">Calvin Tomkins (March 22, 2010), [https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2010/03/29/big-art-big-money Big Art, Big Money] ''[[The New Yorker]]''.</ref> == Ọrụ nka == Canvases Mehretu gbakwunyere ihe sitere na eserese teknụzụ dị iche iche nke ụlọ ime obodo yana ihe atụ kwụ ọtọ nke arụmọrụ obodo, gụnyere grids obodo na eserese ihu igwe. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://museum.cornell.edu/exhibitions/excavations-prints-julie-mehretu|title=Excavations: The Prints of Julie Mehretu}}</ref> Iberibe ndị ahụ enweghị echiche omimi ọ bụla na-agbanwe agbanwe, kama na-eji ọtụtụ echiche na nha anya iji wulite echiche ọhụrụ nke ndụ obodo. <ref name=":1">[http://whitecube.com/artists/julie_mehretu/ Julie Mehretu] [[White Cube]], London.</ref> Ihe osise ya yiri ihe osise ya, nke nwere ọtụtụ ọkwa na-akpụpụta ihe dị mgbagwoju anya, ihe oyiyi mmekọrịta ọha na eze n'ogo zuru ụwa ọnụ. Eserese ndị pere mpe bụ ohere maka nyocha emere n'oge n'etiti eserese.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Julie Mehretu|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julie_Mehretu#cite_note-:0-7|date=2025-03-13|accessdate=2025-04-12|language=en}}</ref> Na 2002, Mehretu kwuru maka ọrụ ya:   ''Emperial Construction, Istanbul'' (2004) na-egosiputa ojiji Mehretu jiri ọkwa n'ime akụkọ ihe mere eme obodo. mkpụrụedemede [[Arabic]] na ụdị ndị na-ezo aka n'edemede Arabic gbasasịrị gburugburu kwaaji. <ref name="Scott-p221"/> Na ''Stadia I, II'', na ''III'' (2004) Mehretu na-ebuga mkpa omenala nke egwuregwu ahụ site na akara na ọkwa dị larịị. ''Stadia'' nke ọ bụla nwere nkọwapụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ nke ama egwuregwu, ọkọlọtọ nke ụwa, yana ntụaka maka akara ụlọ ọrụ. <ref>{{Cite book|title=Julie Mehretu: City Sitings|author=Hart|first=Rebecca R.|publisher=Detroit Institute of Art|year=2007|isbn=978-0-89558-161-7|location=Detroit, MI}}</ref> ''Mogamma: Ihe osise na akụkụ anọ'' (2012), mkpokọta aha maka akwa akwa anọ nke etinyere na dOCUMENTA (13), metụtara 'Al-Mogamma', aha ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị niile na Tahrir Square, Cairo nke bụ Ha abụọ dị mkpa na mgbanwe nke 2011 yana akara ngosipụta nke Egypt mgbe oge ọchịchị gachara. Okwu 'Mogamma', Otú ọ dị, pụtara 'mkpokọta' na Arabic na akụkọ ihe mere eme, e ji na-ezo aka ebe na-ekere òkè a alakụba, a synagogue na a chọọchị na bụ ebe nke multi okwukwe. <ref>[https://whitecube.com/exhibitions/exhibition/julie_mehretu_bermondsey_2013/ Julie Mehretu: Liminal Squared, 1 May – 7 July 2013] [[White Cube]], London.</ref> Ọrụ na-esote, ''The Round City, Hatshepsut'' (2013) nwere akara ụkpụrụ ụlọ nke Baghdad, Iraq n'onwe ya - aha ya na-ezo aka na aha akụkọ ihe mere eme nke e nyere obodo na map oge ochie. Ihe osise ọzọ, ''Insile'' (2013) wuru site na foto nke Obí Ndị kwere ekwe n'etiti ụlọ ndị nkịtị, na-eme ka elu ya rụọ ọrụ na mmegharị ink na-ese ihe, na-eme ka ọ dị nro ma na-ewepụ mkpọmkpọ ebe dị n'okpuru. N'afọ 2007, ụlọ akụ itinye ego na Goldman Sachs nyere Mehretu ọrụ nde $5 maka ụlọ ime ụlọ. Ọrụ ''Mural'' si na ya pụta dị ka ogige tenis ma nwee maapụ ego kpuchiri ekpuchi, eserese ihe owuwu ụlọ ọrụ ego, na nrụtụ aka na ọrụ ndị nka ndị ọzọ. Calvin Tomkins nke ''New Yorker'' kpọrọ ya "eserese kacha nwee oke ọchịchọ m hụtụrụla n'ime afọ iri na abụọ", <ref name="tomkins">Calvin Tomkins (March 29, 2010). "[http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2010/03/29/100329fa_fact_tomkins Big Art, Big Money: Julie Mehretu's 'Mural' for Goldman Sachs]". ''[[The New Yorker]]''. Retrieved August 4, 2017.</ref> na onye nkọwa ọzọ kọwara ya dị ka "otu n'ime ọrụ nka ọha kachasị na nke na-aga nke ọma n'oge na-adịbeghị anya". <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vogue.com/article/julie-mehretu-sfmoma-howl-commission-harlem|title=Julie Mehretu Started Her Majestic New Paintings Right After the Election|author=Kazanijan|first=Dodie|date=September 4, 2017|work=[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]|publisher=|accessdate=August 8, 2023|quote=}}</ref> Ọ bụ ezie na a maara nke ọma maka eserese ihe osise buru ibu, Mehretu anwalela mbipụta kemgbe ụlọ akwụkwọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Rhode Island School of Design, bụ ebe e debanyere ya na mmemme eserese na mbipụta n'etiti 1990s. Nchọgharị ya nke ibi akwụkwọ malitere site na etching. Ọ rụchaa ọrụ nkwado na ụlọ ọrụ ibipụta ọkachamara n'ofe America, n'etiti ha Highpoint Editions na Minneapolis, Crown Point Press na San Francisco, Gemini GEL na Los Angeles, na Derrière L'Etoile Studios na Burnet Editions na New York City. Mehretu bụ onye bi na mmemme CORE, Glassell School of Art, Museum of Fine Arts, Houston (1997–98) na Mmemme Artist-in-Residence na Studio Museum na Harlem (2001). <ref>[https://archive.today/20120913131438/http://www.pbs.org/art21/artists/julie-mehretu Julie Mehretu] PBS Art in the Twenty-First Century, Season 5 (2009), Systems.</ref> N'oge obibi na Walker Art Center, Minneapolis, na 2003, ọ na-arụ ọrụ na ụmụ agbọghọ iri atọ na ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị si East Africa. N'oge opupu ihe ubi nke 2007 ọ bụ Guna S. Mundheim Visual Arts Fellow na American Academy na Berlin . Mgbe afọ ahụ gasịrị, o duuru mmemme obibi obibi otu ọnwa yana ụmụ akwụkwọ nka 40 sitere na ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ọhaneze Detroit. <ref name="nytimes.com">Hilarie M. Sheets (November 11, 2007), [https://www.nytimes.com/2007/11/11/arts/design/11shee.html Industrial Strength in the Motor City] ''[[New York Times]]''.</ref> [[Usòrò:Inside_the_Studio_with_Julie_Mehretu_00.33.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb| Mehretu na studio ya]] N'oge obibi ya na Berlin, e nyere Mehretu ikike ịmepụta ihe osise asaa nke Deutsche Guggenheim ; akpọrọ ''Mpaghara Grey'' (2008–2009), usoro a na-enyocha odida obodo Berlin dị ka saịtị akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ọgbọ na mbibi. <ref name="Scott-p221"/> : 221 Ihe osise ''Vanescere'' (2007), ihe mejupụtara oji na-acha ọcha nke na-egosi ihe yiri ka ọ bụ nnukwu ink na akara acrylic, nke ụfọdụ n'ime ha na-awụpụ n'elu nkwado linen ahụ, kpalitere usoro nhazi nke mwepu n'ime ya. Usoro ''Grey Area'' . Akụkụ nke ''Mpekere'' (2008–09) na ''Middle Grey'' (2007–09) na-egosipụta usoro mkpochapụ a. Ọzọ n'usoro nke e sere na Berlin, ''Berliner Plätze'' (2008-09), na-ejide ọnụnọ nke ihe nkọwapụta nke ụlọ German nke narị afọ nke iri na itoolu nke na-ese n'elu dị ka oke translucent na etiti. <ref>{{Cite book|title=Julie Mehretu: Grey Area|author=Young|first=Joan|publisher=Guggenheim Museum Publications|year=2009|isbn=978-0-89207-396-2|location=New York, NY}}</ref> Ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme bụ Sue Scott nwere nke a ikwu banyere usoro ''Gray Area'' : "N'ime somber ndị a, eserese ụda ụda dị mfe, ọtụtụ n'ime ha dabeere na facade nke ọmarịcha ụlọ narị afọ nke iri na itoolu e bibiri n'Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ, mmadụ na-aghọta nke ụlọ. ka ọ na-apụ n'anya, dị ka akụkọ ihe mere eme nke obodo ọ na-egosi." <ref name="Scott-p221" /> : 221 Dị ka Mehretu na-akọwa na ''Ocula'' Magazine, "Echiche dum nke ọganihu nke narị afọ nke 20 na echiche nke ọdịnihu na nke oge a emebiwo, n'ụzọ ụfọdụ. Ihe a nile bụ ihe na-eme ka m mara otú m na-agbalị iche echiche banyere ohere." <ref>{{Cite web|date=December 18, 2020|title=Julie Mehretu on the Right to Abstraction|url=https://ocula.com/magazine/conversations/julie-mehretu/|accessdate=December 18, 2020|work=Ocula|language=en}}</ref> == Ahịa nka == E rere ihe osise Mehretu ''Untitled 1'' (2001) maka nde $1.02 na Sotheby's na Septemba 2010. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2010/09/26/3022202.htm?section=justin|title=Lehman's art firesale fetches $12m|work=Just In|publisher=ABC News|date=September 26, 2010|accessdate=December 5, 2013}}</ref> Ọnụ ahịa ya bụ $600-$800,000. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://artobserved.com/2010/08/ao-auction-preview-two-years-after-declaring-bankruptcy-lehman-brothers-hopes-to-sell-hundred-of-artwords-worth-millions-at-3-auctions-in-uk-us/|title=AO Auction Preview: Two years after declaring bankruptcy Lehman Brothers hopes to sell hundred of artworks worth millions at 3 auctions in UK & US|publisher=AO Art Observed™|first=J.|author=Mizrachi|date=August 20, 2010|accessdate=December 5, 2013}}</ref> Na Art Basel na 2014, White Cube rere Mehretu's ''Mumbo Jumbo'' (2008) maka $5 nde. <ref>Georgina Adam (June 20, 2014), "[http://www.ft.com/cms/s/2/05c22454-f6d9-11e3-8ed6-00144feabdc0.html Brisk business at the Basel fair]", ''[[Financial Times]]''.</ref> Na 2023, Michael Ovitz rere Mehretu's ''Walkers With the Dawn and Morning'' (2008) maka nde $10.7, na-esetịpụ ndekọ ọhụrụ maka onye na-ese ihe n'onwe ya na onye ọ bụla na-ese ihe a mụrụ n'Africa. <ref>Angelica Villa (November 15, 2023), "[https://www.artnews.com/art-news/news/records-for-julie-mehretu-barkley-hendricks-sothebys-310-m-contemporary-sale-november-2023-1234686971/ Records for Julie Mehretu, Barkley Hendricks Enliven Sotheby's $310 M. Contemporary Sale]", ''[[ARTnews]]''.</ref> N'afọ 2005, ọrụ Mehretu bụ ihe ''Lehmann v. The Project Worldwide'' case n'ihu Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke New York, ikpe mbụ nke onye nchịkọta wetara banyere ikike ha iji nweta ohere mbụ na nkà nke oge a. <ref name=":3">{{Cite book|title=The $12 Million Stuffed Shark: The Curious Economics of Contemporary Art|author=Thompson|first=Don|publisher=St. Martin's Press|year=2008|isbn=9780230610224|location=United States|pages=[https://archive.org/details/12millionstuffed0000thom/page/196 196]|url=https://archive.org/details/12millionstuffed0000thom/page/196}}</ref> Okwu ahụ metụtara okwu gbasara iwu gbasara ọrụ ya na ikike nke nkwekọrịta ọjụjụ mbụ n'etiti ụlọ ọrụ ya na onye nchịkọta. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.artinfo.com/news/story/1168/julie-mehretu/|title=Julie Mehretu|author=João Ribas|date=November 8, 2005|publisher=ARTINFO|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101103232526/http://www.artinfo.com/news/story/1168/julie-mehretu/|archivedate=November 3, 2010|accessdate=August 3, 2017}}</ref> Na nkwụghachi maka mbinye $75,000 site n'aka onye na-anakọta Jean-Pierre Lehmann na Project Gallery, nke emere na February 2001, ihe ngosi ahụ bụ inye Lehmann ikike nke mbụ ịjụ ọrụ ọ bụla nke onye na-ese ihe ngosi ahụ nọchiri anya ya, yana na pasent 30. mbelata ruo mgbe akwụghachi ego ahụ. Lehmann hụrụ mbinye ego a ka ịnweta ọrụ Mehretu ozugbo, agbanyeghị, e nwere mmadụ anọ ndị ọzọ nyekwara ikike nke nhọrọ mbụ site na ndị na-ese ihe ngosi nka. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.artnet.com/Magazine/news/artnetnews2/artnetnews1-18-05.asp|title=artnet.com Magazine News|work=www.artnet.com|accessdate=April 14, 2019}}</ref> Ụlọ ngosi ahụ rere ọrụ 40 nke Mehretu n'oge nkwekọrịta ahụ, na-enye ụfọdụ maka mbelata ihe ruru pasenti 40. <ref name=":3" /> Lehmann hụrụ na e rerela ọtụtụ iberibe Mehretu dị na katalọgụ nke Walker Art Center nye onye nchịkọta Jeanne Greenberg Rohatyn, wee chee na edebeghị nkwekọrịta ahụ. <ref name=":4">{{Cite web|url=https://www.christopher-mason.com/journalism-articles/2018/7/27/she-cant-be-bought-julie-mehretu|title=She Can't be Bought: Julie Mehretu|work=Christopher Mason|date=July 2, 2018|language=en-US|accessdate=April 14, 2019}}</ref> O mechara dee Haye na-achọ $17,500, na, mgbe enyeghị mpempe akwụkwọ Mehretu, ọ gbara akwụkwọ. <ref name=":4" /> Ikpe ahụ, nke Lehmann mechara merie, kpugheere ọha na eze kpọmkwem ihe ọnụ ahịa na ụlọ ahịa ego na-enye ndị nchịkọta dị iche iche na eserese nke Mehretu na ndị ọzọ na-ese ihe n'oge a - ozi nke ụwa nka na-ezochikarị ya. <ref name=":3" /> == Ndụ onwe onye == Mehretu bi n'ụlọ nwere okpukpu abụọ na Harlem. <ref name="wmagazine.com">Jori Finkel (March 7, 2021), "[https://www.wmagazine.com/culture/julie-mehretu-interview-whitney-museum-retrospective-denniston-hill Inside Julie Mehretu's Richly Layered World]", ''[[W (magazine)|W]]''.</ref> Ọ lụrụ onye na-ese ihe Jessica Rankin na 2008, onye ya na ya nwere ụmụ nwoke abụọ, Cade Elias (amụrụ 2005) na Haile (amụrụ 2011); <ref name="tomkins"/> nne di ya bụ onye edemede na onye na-ede uri Lily Brett . Di na nwunye ahụ kewapụrụ na 2014. <ref name="wmagazine.com" /> <ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2021/04/12/t-magazine/jessica-rankin-partners-friends.html Partners, Now Friends] ''[[T (magazine)|T: The New York Times Style Magazine]]'', April 12, 2021.</ref> Mehretu na-edobe studio na Chelsea n'akụkụ ebe ngosi nka Whitney nke American Art . <ref name="wmagazine.com"/> <ref>Robin Pogrebin (March 21, 2021), "[https://www.nytimes.com/2021/03/21/arts/design/julie-mehretu-and-success.html Julie Mehretu's Reckoning With Success]", ''[[New York Times]]''.</ref> Na 2004, o mebere - ya na Lawrence Chua na Paul Pfeiffer - Denniston Hill, ebe obibi nka na ogige 200-acre na Sullivan County, New York . <ref name="wmagazine.com" /> Ọ rụkwara ọrụ site na ụlọ ọrụ aka ochie na Berlin na 2007 <ref name="Big Art, Big Money"/> na St Thomas the Apostle Church nke dị na Harlem site na 2016 ruo 2017. <ref>Hilarie M. Sheets (August 3, 2017), "[https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/03/arts/design/julie-mehretu-san-francisco-museum-of-modern-art.html In an Unused Harlem Church, a Towering Work of a 'Genius']", ''[[New York Times]]''.</ref> == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}}  == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20240228154246/https://www.carliergebauer.com/artists/julie_mehretu Weebụsaịtị nke ya gallery carlier | gebauer gụnyere CV na ọrụ] * [https://archive.today/20130414225111/http://www.highpointprintmaking.org/editions/mehretu_julie/index.html Julie Mehretu na Highpoint Center for Printmaking, Minneapolis] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20241115152507/https://walkerart.org/archive/2/af7361e991c363206165.htm Julie Mehretu na Walker Art Center, Minneapolis] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110927231153/http://africa.si.edu/exhibits/passages/mehretu-conversation.html Julie Mehretu gbara ajụjụ ọnụ maka ngafe ndị Etiopia] * [http://artobserved.com/2010/08/ao-auction-preview-two-years-after-declaring-bankruptcy-lehman-brothers-hopes-to-sell-hundred-of-artwords-worth-millions-at-3-auctions-in-uk-us/ Edemede 2010 gụnyere onyonyo nke ''enweghị aha 1''] [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] po44xb8i3q1f2aumh4p8m49ezz0copf 0 47440 632309 211506 2026-05-08T11:51:49Z Goodymaraj 21567 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:2|0|0 */ 632309 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Louis B. Sloan''' (1932–2008) bụ onye omenkà odida obodo America, onye nkuzi na onye nchekwa. Ọ bụ onye prọfesọ zuru oke nke Black na [[Pensílvéníyạ|Pennsylvania]] Academy of the Fine Arts (PAFA), yana onye nchekwa maka agụmakwụkwọ na ihe ngosi nka nke Philadelphia . Ọ bụ ezie na ọ na-ese agbata obi obodo na ebe ndị ọzọ dị n'ime obodo, a kacha mara ya maka ihe osise plein-ikuku ya. == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == Louis Baynard Sloan mụrụ na June 28, 1932 na West Philadelphia nye Matthew na Anna Mae Sloan. <ref name=":13">{{Cite news|author=Morrison|first=John F.|date=2008-10-24|title=Louis B. Sloan, 75, award-winning painter|work=Philadelphia Daily News|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/198143957/?terms=%22louis%20sloan%22&|accessdate=2021-12-27}}</ref> Nna ya kwụsịrị ọrụ ya dị ka onye na-arụ ọrụ ụgbọ ala n'oge ịda mbà n'obi ma nyezie piano nkuzi iji zụọ ezinụlọ nke ụmụaka 12 (ọ bụ mba 5). Nne ya bụ nwunye ụlọ nke na-enye nkuzi piano ruo mgbe ezinụlọ ya malitere ito eto. <ref name=":7">{{Cite web|date=1991-07-18|title=Oral history interview with Louis Sloan|url=https://www.aaa.si.edu/collections/interviews/oral-history-interview-louis-sloan-11496|accessdate=2021-12-27|work=Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.}}</ref> Nwanne nwoke nke okenye Sloan Beauford kpalitere mmasị ya na nka mgbe ọ dị obere. Onye nkuzi ya nke isii na Alexander Wilson Elementary School, Oriakụ Cordelia McKrantz, gbara ume eserese ya site n'ịzụta ya mmanụ mmanụ mbụ ya. <ref name=":3">{{Cite news|author=Caparella|first=Kitty|date=2010-04-16|title=The Artist|work=Philadelphia Daily News|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/198309806|accessdate=2021-12-27}}</ref> "Mkpụrụ mmanụ ahụ bụ ihe kpụziri ndụ m n'ezie, duzie ya ka ọ bụrụ nka," ka o kwuru ọtụtụ afọ ka e mesịrị. Ọ rere ihe osise mbụ ya mgbe ọ dị afọ 14. <ref name=":12">{{Cite news|author=Sitton|first=Lea|date=1997-07-02|title=Decades as a master in the art of teaching|work=Philadelphia Inquirer|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/178283462/?terms=%22louis%20sloan%22&|accessdate=2021-12-27}}</ref> Otu n'ime ndị ọkachamara ọkachamara ya bụ onye na-ese ihe bụ Julius Bloch, mgbe ahụ, onye nkụzi na PAFA, bụ onye hụrụ ọrụ Sloan na Gimbels Exhibition of Student Art na-egosi ma gbaa ya ume ịga PAFA. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Louis Sloan|url=https://woodmereartmuseum.org/explore-online/collection/artist/louis-sloan|accessdate=2021-12-27|work=Woodmere Art Museum}}</ref> Maka asọmpi ụlọ ahịa nke 1953, eserese mmanụ nke Sloan dị afọ 19 gosipụtara na mgbasa ozi na Philadelphia Inquirer na-ekwupụta ihe ngosi ahụ. <ref>{{Cite news|date=1953-03-15|title=12th Annual Regional High School Art Exhibition|work=Philadelphia Inquirer|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/172631870/?terms=%22louis%20sloan%22|accessdate=2021-12-27}}</ref> Onye ọzọ na-akwado ya bụ onye na-ese ihe Jack Bookbinder, onye nduzi nke mmemme nkà maka Ụlọ Akwụkwọ nke Philadelphia, bụ onye gbara ya ume ka ọ na-amụ ihe na Samuel S. Fleischer Art Memorial . <ref name=":2">{{Cite news|author=Gallagher|first=Maria|date=1989-04-06|title=Quite a Faculty for Art|work=Philadelphia Daily News|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/186467268|accessdate=2021-12-27}}</ref> <ref name=":1"/> Sloan gara klaasị n'efu na Fleischer; Otú ọ dị, ụfọdụ n'ime ọrụ ya bụ ihicha ihe osise nke ụmụ akwụkwọ ọcha. <ref name=":11">{{Cite web|date=2019|title=Driving While Black (catalog)|url=https://static1.squarespace.com/static/56fd4f0d45bf21c39ace2e5b/t/5ce5634f39ea380001a0d9e4/1558537042210/Driving_While_Black_Exhibition_2019_Ed_Guide_11.pdf|accessdate=2021-12-27|work=Noyes Museum of Art, Stockton University}}</ref> (Ọ kụziri na Fleischer na 1960. ) Ọ na-ewerekwa klas eserese na Philadelphia Museum of Art . <ref>{{Cite news|author=Caparella|first=Kitty|date=1991-10-04|title=Coloring Young Minds|work=Philadelphia Daily News|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/186769677/?terms=%22louis%20sloan%22|accessdate=2021-12-27}}</ref> Mgbe Sloan dị afọ 11, ọ nọdụrụ ala maka Bookbinder, bụ onye sere ihe osise ya na-akpọ harmonica akpọrọ "The Spiritual". <ref name=":2"/> O nyere Sloan lithograph nke eserese 1946, mana ọ tụfuru n'ime ọkụ na 1950s. Ọtụtụ afọ ka e mesịrị, Bookbinder nyere ya mbipụta ọzọ o mere na 1969. <ref name=":2" /> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-07-18|title=ack Bookbinder. Lithograph. The Spiritual. 1969.|url=https://www.invaluable.com/auction-lot/jack-bookbinder-lithograph-the-spiritual-1969-22-c-2c44f20851|accessdate=2021-12-27|work=Invaluable (auction site)}}</ref> Nwatakịrị nwoke na-eme ihe nkiri, Sloan na 1951 sere “foto okike” n'ebe ahụ ka nwa okorobịa ọzọ na-akpọ piano n'oge ihe nkiri a na-eme kwa afọ maka ndị ntorobịa na nka. N'ememme ngụsị akwụkwọ ya na Ben Franklin High School na 1953, ọ meriri ihe nrite maka ọrụ pụrụ iche na nka. A na-ewere ya dị ka otu n'ime ụmụ akwụkwọ kacha mma gụchara n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ. <ref>{{Cite book|author=Chambers|first=Eddie|date=2019|title=The Routledge Companion to African American Art History|publisher=Routledge|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qb29DwAAQBAJ&dq=%22louis+sloan%22+and+J.+Henry+Schiedt+Memorial+Traveling+Scholarship&pg=PT251|accessdate=2021-12-27|isbn=9781351045179}}</ref> == Nwa akwụkwọ na Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts == Sloan meriri akwukwo iji gaa PAFA. <ref>{{Cite news|date=1953-05-31|title=10 Students Win Art Scholarships|work=Philadelphia Inquirer|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/172243603/?terms=%22louis%20sloan%22|accessdate=2021-12-27}}</ref> Ọ ghọrọ nwa akwụkwọ kpakpando na ụlọ akwụkwọ mmuta ahụ, na-enweta ọtụtụ ihe nrite dị ukwuu. Ọ gara PAFA site na 1953 ruo 1957, na-agụsị akwụkwọ na asambodo. Ná mmalite, otu ndị obodo ha na ngalaba ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ nyere ya ego maka ụgbọ ala na ngwongwo. <ref name=":4">{{Cite news|author=Mott|first=Kate|date=1962-02-11|title=He paints and fishes|work=Philadelphia Inquirer|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/179305221/?terms=%22louis%20sloan%22|accessdate=2021-12-27}}</ref> == Afọ gafere PAFA == Na mmalite 1960s bụ otu mkpụrụ maka Sloan, onye ghọrọ onye nkuzi oge niile nke PAFA mbụ na 1962. <ref name=":3"/> <ref name=":10">{{Cite news|author=Salisbury|first=Stephan|date=2020-02-02|title=Tanner Painting of Phila. Zoo Lion Finds a New Home|work=Philadelphia Inquirer|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/635149427/?terms=%22louis%20sloan%22|accessdate=2021-12-27}}</ref> Ọ nwetakwara ihe nrite nka ndị ọzọ: 1960 - Wilkie Buick Regional ngosi, ihe nrite nke abụọ maka eserese ya "Hillside". <ref name=":4"/> <ref name=":9">{{Cite book|title=Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts 1978-79 Catalog}}</ref> == Sloan dị ka onye omenkà "Black". == Ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme ojii na onye na-anakọta ihe bụ Lewis Tanner Moore kọwara Sloan dị ka “nnukwu nka nka America”. <ref name=":3"/> Hendricks weere ya dị ka onye na-ese ihe na-enweghị ekele na nke a na-ejighị kpọrọ ihe n'ihi ụdị ọ họọrọ dị ka onye na-ese oji - ọdịdị ala.<blockquote>"Louis Sloan bụ onye na-ese ihe a na-amaghị ama nke mere na ọ bụ onye na-ese ihe 'Black Artist' nke na-emeghị "ihe osise ojii." Isi ihe ọ na-elekwasị anya bụ ịma mma nke mbara ala; Okirikiri ala bụ ihe atụ nke raison d'etre ya. Ọ bụghị otu ọrụ nke ndị na-ahụ maka ọrụ ma ọ bụ ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie chọrọ ịma banyere ya mgbe niile, ọ bụ n'afọ ndị 1960 na 1970, oge mgbanwe na mgbagwoju anya, mgbe ị na-achọ onye nwere ike ịde ihe, oge, abụghị 'au courant. .' Atụmatụ nhazi yana ndị na-ese ihe n'oge ahụ yiri ka ha na-achọ njirimara onwe onye na nke agbụrụ na na site na nka." <ref name=":14">{{Cite web|title=Barkley Hendricks on Louis Sloan|url=https://paintersonpaintings.com/barkley-hendricks-louis-sloan/|accessdate=2021-12-27|work=Painters on Paintings|date=14 February 2017|archivedate=2021-12-30|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211230022150/https://paintersonpaintings.com/barkley-hendricks-louis-sloan/}}</ref></blockquote>Sloan ahụghị onwe ya dị ka onye na-ese oji n'echiche na ọ na-ese ihe ndị ojii. Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke Noyes kwuru na katalọgụ ya maka "Ịnya ụgbọ ala mgbe Black" na "ọ bụ onye na-ese ihe, na nke ya, na nke aka ya, na-enweghị mkpa ịkpọ aha agbụrụ agbụrụ. Ọ ga-ekwu na 'nkà m ga-eguzo na ya. nke onwe ma kwuo maka onwe ya.' Ọ sịkwara, ‘e nwere nanị otu ihe mere mmadụ ga-eji ese ihe, nke ahụ bụkwa n’ihi na ọ na-amasị ha ịse ihe, ọ dịghị ihe ọzọ.” <ref name=":11"/> Sloan kwadoro ndị nka ojii dịka ụmụ akwụkwọ na ndị ọkachamara. N'afọ 1975, ọ haziri ihe ngosi akpọrọ "Nleba anya Black On Art" na [[New York City]], nke akwụkwọ akụkọ Black Enterprise kwadoro. <ref name=":9"/> <ref name=":13"/> Ọ metụtakwara ọtụtụ ndị na-ese ihe, gụnyere Leroy Johnson . == Mgbe afọ gachara == Na 1991, ọ natara [[James Van Der Zee]] Award site na Brandywine Workshop maka ịkụzi ndị na-eto eto na-ese ihe, yana onyinye onyinye ngalaba PAFA.&nbsp; <ref>{{Cite news|author=Iams|first=David|date=1991-10-08|title=Society (column)|work=Philadelphia Inquirer|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/174937135/?terms=%22louis%20sloan%22|accessdate=2021-12-27}}</ref> Na 1994, Sloan gụnyere na ihe ngosi foto nke ndụ na ọrụ nke ndị na-ese ojii ojii 10 na African American Museum na Philadelphia . <ref>{{Cite news|author=Bittman|first=Terry|date=1994-02-08|title=Going Out (column)|work=Philadelphia Inquirer|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/179528100/?terms=%22louis%20sloan%22|accessdate=2021-12-27}}</ref> Emepụtara ihe nrite Landscape na Still Life n'aha ya na PAFA na 1997. <ref name=":13"/> Sloan nwụrụ n'ihi nkụchi obi October 15, 2008. <ref>{{Cite news|date=2008-10-24|title=Louis B. Sloan, 75, award-winning painter|work=Philadelphia Daily News|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/198143957/?terms=%22louis%20sloan%22&|accessdate=2022-05-08}}</ref> <ref name="Philadelphia Inquirer">{{Cite web|author=Caparella|first=Kitty|title=Who stole Louis Sloan's paintings when he died?|url=https://www.inquirer.com/philly/hp/news_update/20100416_The_Artful_Dodge__Who_pilfered_painter_Louis_Sloan_s_work_and_legacy_.html|work=Philadelphia Inquirer|date=16 April 2010|accessdate=11 June 2022|language=en|archivedate=2 November 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211102062623/https://www.inquirer.com/philly/hp/news_update/20100416_The_Artful_Dodge__Who_pilfered_painter_Louis_Sloan_s_work_and_legacy_.html}}</ref> Ọrụ Sloan gụnyere na ihe ngosi 2015 ''Anyị Na-ekwu: Black Artists na Philadelphia, 1920s-1970s'' na Woodmere Art Museum . <ref name="Woodmere Art Museum">{{Cite web|title=We Speak: Black Artists in Philadelphia, 1920s-1970s|url=https://woodmereartmuseum.org/experience/exhibitions/we-speak-black-artists-in-philadelphia-1920s-1970s-95|work=Woodmere Art Museum|accessdate=11 June 2022|language=en-gb}}</ref> == Nchịkọta == * Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts <ref>{{Cite web|title=Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts|url=https://www.pafa.org/museum/collection-artist/louis-b-sloan|accessdate=2021-12-29|work=PAFA - Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":19">{{Cite web|date=2021|title=From the Ground Up: Artists and the Built Environment|url=https://www.pafa.org/museum/exhibitions/ground-artists-built-environment|accessdate=2021-12-27|work=Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts}}</ref> * Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke Mahadum La Salle <ref>{{Cite web|title=La Salle University Art Museum Collections - Louis B. Sloan|url=https://artcollection.lasalle.edu/artist-maker/info/2618?artistName=Louis%20B.%20Sloan|accessdate=2021-12-29|work=artcollection.lasalle.edu}}</ref> * Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka Sheldon <ref>{{Cite web|title=Sloan, Self {{!}} Sheldon Museum of Art|url=https://sheldonartmuseum.org/work/sloan-self|accessdate=2021-12-29|work=sheldonartmuseum.org}}</ref> * Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke Woodmere <ref>{{Cite web|title=Sloan, Louis|url=https://woodmereartmuseum.org/explore-online/collection/artist/louis-sloan|accessdate=2021-12-29|work=woodmereartmuseum.org|language=en-gb}}</ref> * Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke Philadelphia <ref name=":9"/> * Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke ndị America na Philadelphia <ref>{{Cite news|author=Hunter|first=Al Jr.|date=1998-02-06|title=Black Artists Get Hall of Frame|work=Philadelphia Daily News|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/186722166/?terms=%22louis%20sloan%22|accessdate=2021-12-27}}</ref> * Ụlọ ọrụ nka na Tarboro (NC) <ref name="Rocky Mount Telegram NC">{{Cite news|date=1987-07-29|title=Works by Pittman and Students on Display|work=Rocky Mount Telegram (NC)|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/337918107/?terms=%22louis%20sloan%22|accessdate=2021-12-27}}</ref> * Mahadum Rutgers - Camden <ref>{{Cite news|date=1978-10-27|title=Gallery Highlights (column)|work=Philadelphia Inquirer|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/173113652/?terms=%22louis%20sloan%22|accessdate=2021-12-27}}</ref> * Petrucci Family Foundation Collection of African American Art <ref>{{Cite web|title=Louis Sloan|url=https://pffcollection.com/artists/louis-sloan/|accessdate=2021-12-27|work=Petrucci Family Foundation Collection of African American Art}}</ref> == Ihe ngosi == Ụlọ ihe nkiri Red Door, 1954, 1957 <ref name=":15">{{Cite news|date=1954-04-04|title=Art Calendar|work=Philadelphia Inquirer|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/177480780/?terms=%22louis%20sloan%22|accessdate=2021-12-27}}</ref> <ref name=":16">{{Cite news|date=1957-01-06|title=Art 'Grads' in Exhibit|work=Philadelphia Inquirer|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/176082719/?terms=%22louis%20sloan%22|accessdate=2021-12-27}}</ref> Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, 1962, 1963, 1999, 2005, 2008, 2009, 2021 <ref name=":19"/> <ref name=":17">{{Cite news|author=Leon|first=Dennis|date=1962-03-18|title=Annual Fellowship Exhibit at Academy|work=Philadelphia Inquirer|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/178799493/?terms=%22louis%20sloan%22|accessdate=2021-12-27}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|date=2009-02-27|title=Art Museums and Institutions (col): Louis B. Sloan: A Particular Vision|work=Philadelphia Inquirer|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/199478724/?terms=%22louis%20sloan%22|accessdate=2021-12-27}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|date=1962-10-21|title=Art News (column)|work=Philadelphia Inquirer|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/179321181/?terms=%22louis%20sloan%22|accessdate=2021-12-27}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|date=2005-08-05|title=Louis Sloan: Capturing the Moment|work=Central New Jersey Home News|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/320135512/?terms=%22louis%20sloan%22|accessdate=2021-12-27}}</ref> <ref name=":21">{{Cite news|date=2010-04-16|title=A Mystery|work=Philadelphia Daily News|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/198309880|accessdate=2021-12-27}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|date=1999-01-10|title=Calendar: "Collection Highlights"|work=The Daily News (Lebanon, PA)|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/517129401/?terms=%22louis%20sloan%22|accessdate=2021-12-27}}</ref> Ụlọ ọrụ Cheltenham maka nka, 1962 <ref name=":17"/> Ụlọ ihe nkiri Towne, 1963 1963 Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka, 1963 <ref>{{Cite news|author=Donohoe|first=Victoria|date=1963-06-02|title=Art News (col)|work=Philadelphia Inquirer|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/179268657/?terms=%22louis%20sloan%22|accessdate=2021-12-27}}</ref> Peale House Gallerries, Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, 1964, 1967 <ref name=":9"/> <ref>{{Cite news|date=1967-01-29|title=Calendar of Art Events in Phila. area|work=Philadelphia Inquirer|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/179921546/?terms=%22louis%20sloan%22|accessdate=2021-12-27}}</ref> Samuel S. Fleischer Art Memorial, 1966 <ref>{{Cite news|date=1966-04-03|title=Arts Calendar (column)|work=Philadelphia Inquirer|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/179865001/?terms=%22louis%20sloan%22|accessdate=2021-12-27}}</ref> Lee Cultural Center, 1967 <ref>{{Cite web|date=1967|title=Broadside|url=https://www.williamreesecompany.com/pages/books/WRCAM56535/african-american-art-pennsylvania/the-american-exhibiting-artists-and-phila-dept-of-recreation-present-philadelphia-negro-artist|work=William Reese Company|accessdate=2024-06-09|archivedate=2023-12-01|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231201224620/https://www.williamreesecompany.com/pages/books/WRCAM56535/african-american-art-pennsylvania/the-american-exhibiting-artists-and-phila-dept-of-recreation-present-philadelphia-negro-artist}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|date=1967-02-12|title=Calendar of Events: Philadelphia Negro Artists 1967|work=Philadelphia Inquirer|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/179930362/?terms=%22louis%20sloan%22&|accessdate=2021-12-27}}</ref> Ebe Omenala Arts Center, Ocean City (NJ), 1968 <ref>{{Cite news|date=1968-08-18|title=Calendar of Art Events in Phila. Area|work=Philadelphia Inquirer|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/182122653/?terms=%22louis%20sloan%22|accessdate=2021-12-27}}</ref> Ndị nka Afro-American 1800-1969, Philadelphia Civic Center Museum, 1969 <ref>{{Cite news|author=Donohoe|first=Victoria|date=1969-12-14|title=Impressive Exhibit by Afro-Americans|work=Philadelphia Inquirer|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/169131720/?terms=%22louis%20sloan%22|accessdate=2021-12-27}}</ref> Philadelphia Ethical Society, 1969 Ememme Art Afro-American, kọleji La Salle, 1969 <ref>{{Cite news|date=1969-03-02|title=Calendar of Events in Phila. Area|work=Philadelphia Inquirer|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/179908148/?terms=%22louis%20sloan%22|accessdate=2021-12-27}}</ref> Osisi Vendo Nubes, 1972 <ref>{{Cite news|author=Donohoe|first=Victoria|date=1972-12-10|title=Nubes Puts the Focus on Steel|work=Philadelphia Inquirer|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/180310663/?terms=%22louis%20sloan%22|accessdate=2021-12-27}}</ref> Ọbá akwụkwọ Ọhaneze Millville, 1972 <ref>{{Cite news|date=1972-04-30|title=Calendar of Art Events in Phila. Area|work=Philadelphia Inquirer|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/179987239/?terms=%22louis%20sloan%22|accessdate=2021-12-27}}</ref> Ndị na-ese ihe nkiri America na Paris, 1975 <ref name=":9"/> Ụwa Art II, Junior League nke Philadelphia, 1975 <ref>{{Cite news|date=1975-04-20|title=Gallery Highlights: 'Earth Art II' Provides a Showcase for New Talent|work=Philadelphia Inquirer|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/173251166/?terms=%22louis%20sloan%22|accessdate=2021-12-27}}</ref> Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke Reese Palley, Atlantic City, 1975 <ref>{{Cite news|date=1979-10-14|title=Gallery Highlights|work=Philadelphia Inquirer|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/174644107/?terms=%22louis%20sloan%22|accessdate=2021-12-27}}</ref> Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke Woodmere, 1978, 1980, 2014, 2015 <ref>{{Cite news|date=1978-05-28|title=Art (column)|work=Philadelphia Inquirer|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/178055980/?terms=%22louis%20sloan%22|accessdate=2021-12-27}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|author=Donohoe|first=Victoria|date=1980-06-06|title='The City': Painters and Architects, Including Kahn, in Show|work=Philadelphia Inquirer|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/171800807/?terms=%22louis%20sloan%22|accessdate=2021-12-27}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|author=Newhall|first=Edith|date=2014-06-15|title=Paintings Dominate in Woodmere Show|work=Philadelphia Inquirer|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/199801525/?terms=%22louis%20sloan%22|accessdate=2021-12-27}}</ref> <ref name=":20">{{Cite book|title=We Speak: Black Artists in Philadelphia, 1920s-1070s|publisher=Woodmere Art Museum|year=2015}}</ref> Stedman Gallery, 1978 <ref>{{Cite news|date=1978-11-26|title=What's Happening in New Jersey|work=Philadelphia Inquirer|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/173254320/?terms=%22louis%20sloan%22|accessdate=2021-12-27}}</ref> Deshong Museum, Mahadum Widener, 1981 <ref>{{Cite news|date=1981-02-08|title=Art column: African American Artists of the Delaware Valley|work=Philadelphia Inquirer|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/172285569/?terms=%22louis%20sloan%22|accessdate=2021-12-27}}</ref> Olympia Galleries LTD, Atlanta, 1982 <ref>{{Cite news|author=Fox|first=Catherine|date=1982-04-03|title=Art column|work=Atlanta Constitution|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/399264599/?terms=%22louis%20sloan%22|accessdate=2021-12-27}}</ref> Gloucester County College, 1987 <ref>{{Cite news|date=1987-02-01|title=Art Exhibit Opens Celebration of Black History, Culture at College|work=Philadelphia Inquirer|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/168769383/?terms=%22louis%20sloan%22|accessdate=2021-12-27}}</ref> Pittman Memorial Gallery, Tarboro (NC), 1987 <ref name="Rocky Mount Telegram NC"/> Osisi Windy Bush, 1996 <ref>{{Cite news|author=Reed|first=Valerie|date=1996-03-14|title=The Arts: Windy Bush Gallery|work=Philadelphia Inquirer|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/178326507/?terms=%22louis%20sloan%22|accessdate=2021-12-27}}</ref> Moore College of Art &amp;amp; Design, 1997 <ref name=":12"/> Hahn Gallery, 1997, 1998, 2001, 2004 <ref>{{Cite news|date=1998-01-02|title=Art (column)|work=Philadelphia Inquirer|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/178126903/?terms=%22louis%20sloan%22|accessdate=2021-12-27}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|date=2004-09-17|title=Galleries: Philadelphia|work=Philadelphia Inquirer|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/200803711/?terms=%22louis%20sloan%22|accessdate=2021-12-27}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|date=1997-12-19|title=Galleries|work=Philadelphia Inquirer|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/178041676/?terms=%22louis%20sloan%22|accessdate=2021-12-27}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|date=2001-10-19|title=Art (column)|work=Philadelphia Inquirer|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/180097656/?terms=%22louis%20sloan%22|accessdate=2021-12-27}}</ref> Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke Afrika Amerịka na Philadelphia, 2002 <ref>{{Cite news|author=Fabbri|first=Anne R.|date=2002-02-21|title=The mural of the Story (gallery listing)|work=Philadelphia Inquirer|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/198182772/?terms=%22louis%20sloan%22|accessdate=2021-12-27}}</ref> Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke Noyes, 2019 <ref name=":11"/> == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] qkin3eqlg8zy5dqwd9wkt8yhf0l3dwm 0 47507 632303 515918 2026-05-08T11:50:36Z Goodymaraj 21567 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:3|0|0 */ 632303 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  '''Kimberly Camp''' (Septemba 11, 1956) bụ onye na-ese ihe na onye isi ihe ngosi nka mara maka otu nwa bebi na eserese ya, yana onye na-eduga ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie na ihe ngosi nka. Ọ bụ onye nhazi ntọala nke Smithsonian Institution Experimental Gallery (1989–1993), onye isi na onye isi oche nke Charles H. Wright Museum of African American History (1994–1998) na [[Detroit]], onye isi na onye isi oche nke Barnes Foundation (1998–2005). ) na Merion, [[Pensílvéníyạ|Pennsylvania]] na onye nduzi nke Hanford Reach Interpretive Center, ọrụ nke Richland Public Facilities District. == Akụkọ ndụ == === Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ === A mụrụ Kimberly Camp na Septemba 11, 1956, na Camden, New Jersey, otu nwa Dr. Hubert Camp, onye dọkịta na-awa ọnụ na jazz trumpeter, na Marie Dimery Camp. N'ịbụ ndị nka gbara ya gburugburu n'oge ọ bụ nwata, ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie nke ụwa na Philadelphia, Pennsylvania kwalitere mkpughe ya na nka. Edebara aha ogige ahụ na nkuzi eserese nkeonwe wee sonye na ihe ngosi mbụ ya mgbe ọ dị afọ 12. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web|date=2021-12-18|title=The Fluid Artistic Dynamics of Kimberly Camp|url=https://www.blackartinamerica.com/index.php/2021/12/18/the-fluid-artistic-dynamics-of-kimberly-camp/|accessdate=2022-04-23|work=BLACK ART IN AMERICA™|language=en|archivedate=2021-12-19|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211219234650/https://www.blackartinamerica.com/index.php/2021/12/18/the-fluid-artistic-dynamics-of-kimberly-camp/}}</ref> O mechara mụọ ihe osise onye Austrian Alexandria Laimer na ụlọ akwụkwọ ndị enyi Mullica Hill dịka akụkụ nke klas mbụ gụsịrị akwụkwọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ. <ref name=":14">{{Cite web|author=Armstrong|first=Jenice|title=Celebrating Success: A gallery of her own|url=https://www.inquirer.com/philly/living/20130715_Celebrating_Success__xxx.html|accessdate=2022-04-23|work=www.inquirer.com|language=en}}</ref> <ref name=":7">{{Cite web|author=Nicole|first=Terina|date=2017-02-28|title=Makers Series: Interview with Professor/Multi-Media Artist/Gallery Owner Kimberly Camp|url=https://www.terinanicole.com/post/2017/02/27/makers-series-interview-with-multi-media-artistgallery-owner-kimberly-camp|accessdate=2022-04-23|work=terinanicoledesign|language=en}}</ref> Ogige gara Mahadum America site na 1973 ruo 1974 wee bufee ya na Mahadum Pittsburgh, ebe ọ nwetara akara ugo mmụta bachelor ya na nka studio na akụkọ nka. <ref name=":11">{{Cite web|title=For Lifelong Artist Kimberly Camp, Art is Life|url=https://craftsmanship.net/field-notes/the-world-of-kimberly-camp/|accessdate=2022-04-23|work=The Craftsmanship Initiative|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book|author=Arts|first=National Endowment for the|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qWDM34f2L70C&dq=kimberly+camp+ghana&pg=RA1-PA35|title=Annual Report|date=1994|publisher=Division of Publications, National Endowment for the Arts|pages=35|language=en}}</ref> === Ọrụ nchịkwa nka mbụ === Na 1983, Camp mepụtara mmemme eserese a na-akpọ Artistic Design Project, nke mbụ maka Obodo Camden. Ogige sonyere na imepụta ihe ngosi nka nke afọ Camden, na Mahadum Rutgers Camden Center for Arts Stedman Gallery. <ref name=":0">{{Cite book|author=Graves|first=Earl G.|title=Black Enterprise|publisher=Earl G. Graves, Ltd.|year=1998|pages=58|language=en|chapter=Professional Spotlight: The Journey of an Artist|chapterurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=yF8EAAAAMBAJ&dq=kimkins+doll&pg=PA58}}</ref> <ref name=":14"/> <ref name=":7"/> Ọ jere ozi na bọọdụ Walt Whitman Arts Center, bụrụkwa onye nchịkọta akụkọ maka ngalaba Philadelphia, National Conference of Artists, ọgbakọ nka ojii kacha ochie na United States. Mgbe ọ na-aga Mahadum Drexel, Ogige nwetara nkwado nkwado mba na njikwa nka, na Mmemme Mgbasawanye Arts. Site na 1986 ruo 1989 ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye isi mmemme maka mmụta nka na ọrụ nka pere mpe na Council Pennsylvania maka Arts . Ogige sonyeere Association of American Cultures (TAAC), nke mbụ mba multicultural art nzukọ na US na jere ozi dị ka osote onye isi oche nke Board of directors. <ref name=":2">{{Cite book|author=Meyers|first=Mary Ann|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DKw0DwAAQBAJ&dq=kimkins+doll&pg=PT340|title=Art, Education, and African-American Culture: Albert Barnes and the Science of Philanthropy|date=2017-09-08|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-351-32322-2|language=en}}</ref> <ref name=":15">{{Cite web|author=Toda|first=Mitch|date=2018-07-05|title=Designed for Change: The Experimental Gallery, 1991-1994|url=https://siarchives.si.edu/blog/designed-change-experimental-gallery-1991-1994|accessdate=2022-04-23|work=Smithsonian Institution Archives|language=en}}</ref> === Ụlọ ihe ngosi nnwale nke Smithsonian === Na Mee 1989, Camp sonyeere Smithsonian Institution dị ka onye isi ụlọ ihe ngosi nnwale. Ụlọ ihe ngosi ahụ gosipụtara ihe ngosi iri na asatọ na Arts and Industries Building site na mmalite ya na 1991 ruo 1995. <ref name=":2"/> <ref name=":15"/> Ụlọ ihe ngosi nnwale nke Smithsonian bụ atụmatụ nke Ọfịs nke onye enyemaka odeakwụkwọ maka ebe ngosi ihe mgbe ochie. N'ịbụ nke Elaine Heumann Gurian chepụtara, ihe ngosi a rụrụ ọrụ dị ka oghere dị ike maka nnwale na ihe ọhụrụ na imepụta ihe ngosi na ngosi, ihe gbara ya gburugburu, atụmatụ nkọwa, ohere anụ ahụ na nke mmụọ na nka, mmadụ na sayensị. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Niekrasz|first=Emily|date=2019-08-21|title=Wonderful Women Wednesday: Kimberly Camp|url=https://siarchives.si.edu/blog/wonderful-women-wednesday-kimberly-camp|accessdate=2022-04-23|work=Smithsonian Institution Archives|language=en}}</ref> Ogige mezuru ọhụụ nke gallery ahụ ka ndị nrụpụta ya bịanye aka na ngosi nke ọ bụla, wee jiri ndetu post-ya chịkọta okwu ọha n'ime gallery ahụ. Ogige ahụ mepụtara usoro nhazi maka ụlọ ngosi ihe ngosi nke National Air na Space Museum 's "Principles of Flight", "Ịchọta Ụzọ" site na Exploratorium, "Etiquette of the Underclass" nke Antenna Theater, na ndị ọzọ. Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka ejekwara ozi dị ka ihe nlere anya maka ịgbasa ọbịbịa ihe ngosi nka Smithsonian. The gallery mechiri na 1995. <ref>{{Cite book|author=Walker-Kuhne|first=Donna|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ukz6CAAAQBAJ&q=kimberly+camp&pg=PA139|title=Invitation to the Party: Building Bridges to the Arts, Culture and Community|date=2005-09-06|publisher=Theatre Communications Group|isbn=978-1-55936-636-6|pages=139|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|author=Lawson|first=Carol|date=1992-10-22|title=Exhibition for Children About Racism|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/10/22/garden/exhibition-for-children-about-racism.html|accessdate=2022-04-23}}</ref> === Charles H. Wright Museum nke African American History === Na 1994, Camp ghọrọ onye isi nchịkwa mgbe ahụ onye isi na onye isi oche nke Museum of African American History na Detroit, [[Michigan]]. Ogige ahụ na-ahụ maka mgbasawanye nke ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie na iwu ụlọ ọhụrụ 125,000 square nke meghere ọha na eze na 1997 dị ka ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie Black kasị ukwuu n'ụwa. <ref name=":0"/> O nyere aka n'ichepụta na nhazi maka ihe ngosi mmalite ya bụ "Ndị mmadụ," nke bụ ihe ngosi kachasị ukwuu nke emere n'oge ahụ iji kọọ akụkọ African American. <ref>{{Cite news|date=1997-04-20|title=Black Culture Surveyed In Detroit Museum|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1997/04/20/travel/black-culture-surveyed-in-detroit-museum.html|accessdate=2023-04-05}}</ref> Izu ole na ole tupu imeghe ya, aha ihe ngosi nka gbanwere na Charles Wright Museum of African American History and Culture iji kwado onye nchoputa ya, Dr. Charles Wright . <ref name=":2"/> == Ntụaka == 2005, akụkọ na-abịa n'afọ nke edobere na ngwụcha 1970s na mmalite 1980s. Akwụkwọ akụkọ Washington Post kwuru na ya "ajọ ọchị" n'iji ngwaahịa ọdịnala na-akpa2005, akụkọ na-abịa n'afọ nke edobere na ngwụcha 1970s na mmalite 1980s. Akwụkwọ akụkọ Washington Post kwuru na ya "ajọ ọchị" n'iji ngwaahịa ọdịnala na-akpa{{Reflist}} == Ọgụgụ ọzọ == * {{Cite book|author=Forbes|first=Dennis|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WgimcQAACAAJ|title=Studios and Workspaces of Black American Artists|year=2008|isbn=9780974550916}} * {{Cite book|author=Rondon|first=Nayda|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GfIdF5f4U6wC|title=Black Dolls: Proud, Bold & Beautiful|publisher=Reverie Publishing Company|year=2004|isbn=9781932485127}} * {{Cite book|author=Garrett|first=Debbie|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lgGTUhsvDokC|title=The Definitive Guide to Collecting Black Dolls|publisher=Hobby House Press|year=2003|isbn=9780875886534}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.kimberlycamp.com Webụsaịtị gọọmentị] * [https://galeriemarie.net GalerieMarie.net] == Mgbasa ozi mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20220529055105/https://www.pmacraftshow.org/artist/mixed-media/2021/kimberly-camp Okwu Artist: Kimberly Clark] - vidiyo sitere na Philadelphia Museum of Art * [https://www.thirteen.org/programs/state-of-the-arts/doll-maker-collingswood-kimberly-camp-lzfppu/ Onye mere Doll nke Collingswood: Kimberly Camp] - vidiyo na <nowiki><i id="mwA10">iri na atọ</i></nowiki> * [https://www.blogtalkradio.com/creativityinplay/2013/11/26/artist-kimberly-camp-on-defining-the-muse-in-creativity-education-and-beyond Artist Kimberly Camp on Defining the Muse in Creativity, Education and Beyond] - ajụjụ ọnụ ọdịyo * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eq2KAhDlYgM Zute onye na-ese ihe - Kimberly Camp] * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pwv-n0YfeOQ Kimberly Camp - John Anderson nkuzi usoro Penn State University] [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] e7y7c953ql1bul7nvus0hgggx65w1tm 0 49053 632225 196372 2026-05-07T13:42:26Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 632225 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Johannes Gelert.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb|Johannes Gelert]]   Johannes Sophus Gelert (1852 – 1923) bụ onye ọkpụ a egwuregwu na Danish, onye bịara United States na 1887 na n'ime ihe afụ iri awụ rụpụtara ọtụtụ ọrụ nka obodo na Midwest na East Coast . <ref name="Scannell 1917">''New Jersey's First Citizens'' (Paterson, NJ: J. J. Scannell, 1917) pp. 206-207.</ref> == Akụkọ ndụ == A jụrụ Johannes Gelert na Disemba 10, 1852, n'obodo Nybøl nke dị na ndí Denmark .  O tai nkà n'oge mbụ maka nka na, mgbe ya na akara ya kwagara Copenhagen na 1866, a jụrụ ya na onye na-ese osisi.  Na 1870, ọ debanyere aha na Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts, ebe ọ akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na 1875. N'ime afọ iri sochirinụ, ọ ọrụ ma omume na Denmark, Sweden, Germany, France na Ịtali, na-aghọ onye  njikọ nke ụfọdụ ndị na-akpụ akpụ na Europe <ref name="Cyclopaedia 1899">''National Cyclopaedia of American Biography'' (New York: James T. White & Co., 1899.) pp. 58-59.</ref> N'ịkwaga America na 1887, Gelert hiwere ụlọ ihe nkiri ya na Chicago .  Ọ nta nwa amaala United States na 1892 na, afã anɔ ka e ekiri, Georgine Sundberg, onye ya na ụmụ atọ.  Ọ kwagara ụlọ ihe nkiri ya na New York City na 1898 [1] wee biri ebe ahụ ruo mgbe ọ nwụrụ na Nọvemba 3, 1923. <ref name="Weilbach">[http://www.kulturarv.dk/kid/VisKunstner.do?kunstnerId=6773 Weilbach's Biographical Dictionary of Artists] ''kulturarv.dk''. Retrieved: October 17, 2012.</ref> == Ihe ngosi na onyinye == Gelert ihe ihe ọkpụkpụ ya n'ọtụtụ ihe ndị ma ama: ihe ngosi 1893 World's Columbian Exposition na Chicago, 1901 Pan-American Exposition na Buffalo, ihe ngosi 1904 Louisiana Purchase Exposition na St. Louis [1] na 1915 Panama–Pacific International  Ngosipụta na San Francisco. <ref>''Official Catalogue of the Department of Fine Arts, Panama-Pacific International Exposition'' (San Francisco: The Wahlgreen Co., 1915.) p. 43.</ref> Onye meri ihe nrite ugboro edo ugboro atọ, ọyihiina ugwu dị elu maka "Onye agha America akwụkwọ ahụ" na 1897 Tennessee Centennial na International Exposition na Nashville, "Little Architect" na 1899 ngosi nke Art Club nke Philadelphia na "Theseus, Victor  over the Minotaur" na 1902 ngosi nke American Art Society na Philadelphia . <ref name="Scannell 1917">''New Jersey's First Citizens'' (Paterson, NJ: J. J. Scannell, 1917) pp. 206-207.</ref> <ref>[[iarchive:statuesglinc|Johannes Gelert in the Lincoln Financial Foundation Collection]] ''archive.org''. Retrieved: October 17, 2012.</ref> == Ngosipụta nka nka ọhaneze == Na 1890 Gelert kere ihe oyiyi nke President Ulysses S. Grant .  [1] Onye Chicago Time-Herald, Herman H. Kohlsaat bụ onye nyere ego ma nyekwa ya ihe oyiyi ahụ.  [1] Gelert kwagara New York n'oge ọrụ ya.  [1] E sere ihe oyiyi Grant nke Gelert ma rara ya nye na Grant Park na Galena Illinois na June 3, 1891. A na- nyere Grant dị ka nwa amaala guzoro na-eji aka nri ya n'akpa ya.  Gelert ndị gwara isi obodo na ihe oyiyi ahụ ga-egosi Grant dị ka nwa amaala nke Galena "dị ka ị mara ya ..." Di ya nwụrụ Grant, Julia Grant, na-akatọ Grant na-ejide aka ya n'akpa ya.  , ma ọ àmà ikpeazụ nke ihe oyiyi ahụ <ref name="Grant in Sculpture">{{Cite web|url=http://www.grantstomb.org/news/gis02.html|title=Grant in Sculpture: Part II - In Situ|accessdate=2015-11-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222023243/http://www.grantstomb.org/news/gis02.html|archivedate=2014-02-22}}</ref> Ihe oyiyi Johannes Gelert nke 1912 nke John H. Stevens, onye mbụ biri na Minneapolis, dabere na ihe osise nke onye na-ese ihe na Norwegian bụ Jacob Fjelde .  N'ịbụ nke dị na ogbe ndịda Minneapolis, emesịa kwagara ya n'otu ụgbọiyi kacha ewu ewu n'obodo ahụ.  [1] A na-ahụ ọrụ ndị ọzọ Gelert mere n'ebe ndị a na-eleta ugboro ugboro na mba ahụ: Ndị dike ihe ngosi nke Brooklyn, ndị na-eme ihe nkiri ihe nkiri nke Chicago na Lincoln Park na St. Louis Art Museum  .  [2] [3] Ọ rụkwara ili onye ọchụnta ego Francis Furman, bụ ihe nkuzi na ebe a na-eli ozu Ugwu Oliv dị na Nashville . Otú ọ dị, ọrụ ọhaneze na otu n'ime ibe ya kacha mara amara.  Gelert's Haymarket Memorial, na-egosi onye uwe ojii Chicago nwere ogwe aka eweli elu na Haymarket Square na Mee 30, 1889. ụgbọ okporo ụzọ kụchara ya, agbaji agba ojii ma igwe eletrik n'oge Agha Vietnam, a kpọgara ya n'  isi ụlọ ọrụ nke Chicago Police Department na akwụkwọ 1970, ebe ọ see na ebe nchekwa. <ref>[[Haymarket Affair]]. ''wikipedia.org''. Retrieved: October 17, 2012.</ref> Ndị ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme na ndị ọkà mmụta na-ekwu na ọrụ Gelert gosipụtara isiokwu dị ugbu a na nke na-atọ ụtọ nke klaasị akụ na ụba, ọrụ, na mmegharị mmekọrịta ọha na eze. <ref name="Grant in Sculpture"/> == Ọrụ efu == [[Usòrò:Chicago_Auditorium_Building,_theatre_detail.jpg|thumb|350x350px| Ihe nrite eserese na Ụlọ ihe nkiri Auditorium 1963]] Mgbe nnukwu ọkụ mebisịrị na 1890, ụlọ ọrụ Adler na Sullivan rụpụtara ụlọ ihe nkiri McVicker na Chicago .  [1] Johannes Gelert nyere ndị abụọ na nhọrọ: "otu na-egosi njem nke LaSalle, nke ọnụ ụzọ nke Iso Ụzọ ihe na Illinois, nke ọzọ na-ama na foto nke nsogbu nke Fort Dearborn mgba ikpeazụ nke obi ike iji.  jide onwe ya ọhụrụ ahụ.rụanya nke State."  [2] Mkpa site na 1872, a kwaturu ụlọ ahụ na 1922 iji mee ụzọ maka ụdị nke atọ nke McVicker's Theatre, ụlọ ihe nkiri dịruru ruo 1984 wee wetuo ya n'afọ na-esote <ref name="McVicker's Theatre">[http://cinematreasures.org/theaters/1798 McVickers Theatre] ''cinematreasures.org''. Retrieved October 17, 2012.</ref> Akara ọla nke Beethoven, nke Gelert ọdụ na 1897, guzoro na Lincoln Park ihe ncheta afọ iri asaa.  Ezuru na 1971, ibe nke isi na- ogwu. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Ludwig van Beethoven Monument, Lincoln Park, Chicago, early 20th century|work=collections.carli.illinois.edu|publisher=CARLI Digital Collections Home|url=https://collections.carli.illinois.edu/digital/collection/nby_chicago/id/948|accessdate=2 December 2020}}</ref> Na 1899 Gelert bụ otu n'ime ndị na-ese ihe iri abụọ na ọrụ na-arụ na Dewey Arch, nke na-echebe Admiral George Dewey na mmeri ya na Agha Manila Bay n'afọ gara aga.  [1] Ihe ahụ ahụ, nke e wuru maka paradaịs na September 30, 1899, bụ nke ndị ọrụ, ihe a na-eme ihe maka nwa oge na enyo nke mba ụwa.  N’oge na-enweghị anya ka e mechara emume ahụ, ụta ahụ gosiri ịka njọ.  Mgbe akara ike iweta ego iji me ikike ya site na ihe ndị na-adịgide ndụ, e bibiri njiko ahụ. <ref>[[Dewey Arch]]. ''wikipedia.org''. Retrieved: October 17, 2012.</ref> == Hụkwa == * Ncheta Haymarket == Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka == <gallery heights="175" widths="175"> Usòrò:Augustin_Frederikskirken.JPG|alt=St. Augustine at Frederik's Church in Copenhagen, 1885| [[Augustine nke Hippo|St. Augustine]]<nowiki/>nafim Frederikna Copenhagen, 1885 Usòrò:HaymarketPoliceMemorial.jpg|alt=Haymarket Memorial in Chicago, 1889|Ncheta Haymarket na Chicago, 1889 Usòrò:Grant_statue.jpg|alt=Bronze statue of Ulysses S. Grant Grant Park Galena, Illinois, 1890|Ihe oyiyi Bronze nkeUlysses S. GrantGrant Park Galena, Illinois, 1890 Usòrò:The_struggle_for_work.jpg|alt=The Struggle for Work at the Chicago World's Fair, 1893| ''M ịgba maka nkeji''na Chicago World's Fair, 1893 Usòrò:Johann_Gelert_-_Art_gothique.jpg|alt=Gothic art at the St. Louis World's Fair, 1904| Nka Gothicna St Louis World Fair, 1904 </gallery> == Ntụaka == {{Reflist|33em}} '''Akụkọ''' * [https://archive.org/download/SongsFromDenmark/03TheWoundedSoldier.pdf Onye agha merụrụ ahụ] na ''oku San Francisco :'' Febụwarị 26, 1899. * [https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1922/12/11/98795318.pdf Johannes Gelert] na ''New York Times :'' Disemba 11, 1922. '''Akwụkwọ''' * [[iarchive:statuesglinc|Johannes Gelert na mkpokọta Lincoln Financial Foundation]] * [[iarchive:mcvickersobserva00chic|Eserese akụkọ ihe mere eme nke McVicker's Theatre bipụtara na 1891]] * [[iarchive:scannellsnewjer00watsgoog|Johannes Gelert]] na mbipụta 1917-1918 nke ''ụmụ amaala mbụ nke New Jersey'', p.&nbsp;206–207. * [https://books.google.com/books?id=wcdKAAAAYAAJ&q=%22the%20national%20cyclopaedia%20of%20american%20biography%22%201899 Johannes Gelert] na 1899 ''National Cyclopaedia of American Biography'', p.&nbsp;58–59. '''Profaịlụ''' * [https://archive.org/download/SongsFromDenmark/02JohannesGelert.pdf Johannes Gelert] '''Ụlọ Chicago Herald 1891''' * [https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1891/02/17/103295762.pdf Chicago Herald ihe oyiyi nke Gelert] * [http://forgottenchicago.com/pics/ig/herald.jpg Ụlọ Herald na 165 W. Washington Street] * [http://digital-libraries.saic.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/mqc/id/13998 Ụlọ ihe nkiri McVicker] * [http://chicagology.com/wp-content/themes/revolution-20/postfire/mcvickers1890.jpg Ụlọ ihe nkiri nke McVicker's Theatre] * [https://archive.org/download/SongsFromDenmark/06Bas-reliefsAtMcvickersTheatre.jpg Bas-reliefs na McVicker's Theatre] * [http://collections.si.edu/search/results.htm?q=record_ID:siris_ari_22143 Emeri nke La Salle site na Illinois] * [http://collections.si.edu/search/results.htm?q=record_ID:siris_ari_22142 Mgbuchapụ nke Fort Dearborn] '''Ihe oyiyi Andersen na Lincoln Park 1896''' * Archived [https://web.archive.org/web/20140904232503/http://flps.newberry.org/article/5410780_2_1350 ihe oyiyi Hans Christian Andersen] na </link> na ''Skandinaven :'' Septemba 17, 1896. '''Beethoven gbara na Lincoln Park 1897''' * [https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1897/06/20/105947255.pdf Beethoven bust ekpughere] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20170304044427/http://www.giantsinthepark.com/the-statues.html Ihe ncheta efu] '''Dewey Arch na New York City 1899''' * [https://books.google.com/books?id=kQsaAQAAMAAJ&dq=%22THE+arch+through+all+time+has+been+a+chosen+form+of+memorial%22&pg=PA1 Dewey Arch] * [https://archive.org/download/SongsFromDenmark/07ProgressOfCivilization.jpg Bas-relief na Dewey Arch] * [https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1900/12/30/102622974.pdf Ndị nka na nka (mmebi nke Dewey Arch)] '''Ihe nrite ọla edo''' * [http://collections.si.edu/search/results.htm?q=%22IAS+76006129%22 Onye agha America merụrụ ahụ: Nashville 1897] * [http://collections.si.edu/search/results.htm?q=%22IAS+76006131 Obere onye na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ: Philadelphia 1899] * [http://collections.si.edu/search/results.htm?q=%22IAS+76006130%22 Theseus, Victor n'elu Minotaur: Philadelphia 1902] '''Katalọgụ''' * [http://siris-juleyphoto.si.edu/ipac20/ipac.jsp?session=V345585A390S7.60&profile=julall&uri=link=3100006~!32665~!3100001~!3100002&aspect=alpha&menu=search&ri=2&source=~!sijuleyphotos&term=Gelert%2C+Johannes+Sophus%2C+1852-1923%2C+artist.&index=PAUTH Johannes Gelert] na Smithsonian Institution . * [http://www.brooklynmuseum.org/opencollection/artists/769/John_Gelert Johannes Gelert] na Museum nke Brooklyn . '''Ọrụ Johannes Gelert ahọpụtara''' * [http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/Augustin_Frederikskirken.JPG 1885 St. Augustine] na Frederik's Church na Copenhagen . * [http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-m098Y8bNu-c/Tb1nTK4m6ZI/AAAAAAAAeWw/osTeLgRCer8/s1600/LI-sculp-BZV-1507b.jpg 1889 Haymarket Memorial] na isi ụlọ ọrụ ndị uwe ojii na [[Chicago]] . * [http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_zJpnTu57Koc/TFG8nPH94TI/AAAAAAAAVVk/knvfTCynaPQ/s1600/LI-archi-ab-010b.jpg 1889 Ihe ngosi eserese nke Demosthenes na William Shakespeare] na Ụlọ ihe nkiri Auditorium na [[Chicago]] . * [http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_zJpnTu57Koc/TFG8u1XDRxI/AAAAAAAAVVs/MmpAXB7Po4I/s1600/LI-archi-ab-020b.jpg 1889 Ihe nrite eserese nke Richard Wagner na Joseph Haydn] na Ụlọ ihe nkiri Auditorium na [[Chicago]] . * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304062656/http://cdn.c.photoshelter.com/img-get/I0000oN7tDkfkpvk/s/900/900/Galena-Grant-Statue-54690.jpg 1890 Ulysses S. Grant] na Galena, Illinois . * [http://forgottenchicago.com/pics/ig/trumpetboy.jpg 1891 Chicago Herald] na St. Ignatius High School . * [http://ids.si.edu/ids/deliveryService?max=500&id=SAAM-S0001131 1893 mgba maka ọrụ] na Chicago World's Fair . * [https://archive.org/download/SongsFromDenmark/08AbrahamLincoln1895.jpg 1895 Abraham Lincoln] * [http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/Hans_Christian_Andersen_Lincoln_Park.JPG 1896 Hans Christian Andersen] na Lincoln Park na [[Chicago]] . * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304051448/http://cdn.calisphere.org/data/13030/0g/kt809nc50g/files/kt809nc50g-cmpt0101.jpg 1897 Beethoven gbara] na Lincoln Park na [[Chicago]] . * [https://archive.org/download/SongsFromDenmark/09WoundedAmericanSoldier.jpg 1897 Onye agha America merụrụ ahụ:] onye nnata ọla edo na Tennessee Centennial na Nashville . * [http://ids.si.edu/ids/deliveryService?max=500&id=SAAM-S0001130 1899 Little Architect:] onye na-enweta ihe nrite ọla edo na ihe ngosi Art Club nke Philadelphia . * [http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-YLFG3rJgVU8/T3H8BqyXSmI/AAAAAAAACLU/yOKN-liVR84/s1600/Dewey+Arch+New+York+City.jpg 1899 Dewey Arch] na [[New York City]] . * [http://blogs.kentlaw.iit.edu/library/files/2013/02/Joseph-Mead-Bailey.jpg 1899 Justice Joseph Mead Bailey] na Chicago-Kent College of Law . * [http://ids.si.edu/ids/deliveryService?max=500&id=SAAM-S0001135 1904 Napoleon] na St. Louis World's ngosi . * [http://ids.si.edu/ids/deliveryService?max=500&id=SAAM-S0001142 1904 Gothic art] na St. Louis World's ngosi . * [http://cdm.sos.mo.gov/cdm4/item_viewer.php?CISOROOT=/cgilbert&CISOPTR=266&CISOBOX=1&REC=6 1904 Gothic art] na St. Louis Art Museum . * [http://lcweb2.loc.gov/service/pnp/highsm/02700/02719r.jpg 1905 Denmark] na US Custom House na [[New York City]] . * [http://farm7.staticflickr.com/6028/5999903270_bb00589302_b.jpg 1908 Francis Furman akpụrụ akpụ] na Mahadum Vanderbilt na Nashville . * [http://farm4.staticflickr.com/3356/3622153141_a63a5a60e4_z.jpg 1908 Francis Furman mausoleum] na Ugwu Olivet na Nashville . * [http://farm4.staticflickr.com/3136/5871785964_f1b2d5d627_z.jpg 1909 Emperor Roman] na Brooklyn Museum . * [http://farm4.staticflickr.com/3242/5871222285_e7ba73e941_z.jpg 1909 Iwu Rom] na Brooklyn Museum . * [http://farm4.staticflickr.com/3164/5871231989_b090b17a8a_z.jpg 1909 Roman orator] na Brooklyn Museum . * [http://farm6.staticflickr.com/5107/5871225593_5cf4e0ce0d_z.jpg 1909 onye ọchịchị Rom] na Brooklyn Museum . * [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d5/BergenCountyCourtHouse2.jpg 1911 Enlightenment inye ike] n'elu Bergen County Court House na Hackensack, New Jersey . * [http://farm6.staticflickr.com/5188/5858329909_3b4bc17a81_z.jpg 1912 John H. Stevens] na Minnehaha Park na Minneapolis . * [http://ids.si.edu/ids/deliveryService?max=500&id=SAAM-S0001128 1913 Ekpere mgbede] na Christ Lutheran Church na Maplewood, New Jersey . * [http://img.groundspeak.com/waymarking/6660c6ab-9116-47f1-86d4-5027565d6b20.jpg 1916 CW Post] na Battle Creek, Michigan . [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] bpx6bpkmnshkfx8b367ty4r21uhbz2d 0 52125 632296 188342 2026-05-08T11:49:03Z Goodymaraj 21567 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:2|0|0 */ 632296 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Margaret_Sekaggya_-_2016_(26970673305)_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Sekaggya na 2016]] '''Margaret Sekaggya''' bụ onye ọkaiwu [[Uganda]] na onye na-akwado ikike mmadụ. Site na 2008 ruo 2014, Sekaggya bụ onye nta akụkọ pụrụ iche nke United Nations maka ndị na-agbachitere ikike mmadụ. == Ndụ == A mụrụ Sekaggya na Kampala na 23 Ọktoba 1949. N'afọ 1970, ọ malitere ịmụ ihe na Mahadum Makerere na-achụso nzere bachelọ nke iwu. N'afọ 1990, o nwetara nzere masta nke iwu na Mahadum Zambia . Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na gọọmentị Uganda, [[Zambia]], na United Nations. Site na 1996 ruo 2009, ọ bụ onye isi oche nke Uganda Human Rights Commission. N'afọ 1995, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye ọka ikpe nke Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke Uganda. N'oge a, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye nlekọta nke Uganda Interim Electoral Commission. O sonyekwara n'ịkwado Iwu nke anọ nke Uganda na 1995. N'ime ọtụtụ n'ime afọ 80, ọ nọ na United Nations Institute for [[Namibia]], na-akwadebe ụlọ ọrụ Namibia maka mgbanwe na nnwere onwe. Site na 1978 ruo 1982, ọ bụ onye majie nke bi na Lusaka . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Margaret Sekaggya Resume|url=https://www.ohchr.org/Documents/Issues/Defenders/MARGARETSEKAGGYA_CV.pdf|accessdate=2021-05-25|work=ohchr.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=United Nations: Margaret Sekaggya, UN Special Rapporteur on Human Rights DefendersPAS {{!}} Protection International|url=https://www.protectioninternational.org/en/videos/united-nations-margaret-sekaggya-un-special-rapporteur-human-rights-defenderspas|accessdate=2021-05-25|work=www.protectioninternational.org|archivedate=2021-05-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210525004303/https://www.protectioninternational.org/en/videos/united-nations-margaret-sekaggya-un-special-rapporteur-human-rights-defenderspas}}</ref> Site na 2008 ruo 2014, Sekaggya bụ onye na-ekwuchitere ihe pụrụ iche nke United Nations maka ndị na-agbachitere ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Current mandate holders|url=https://www.ohchr.org/EN/HRBodies/SP/Pages/Currentmandateholders.aspx|work=Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights|accessdate=9 June 2021}}</ref> == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} # "Margaret Sekaggya Resume" (PDF). ohchr.org. eweputara 2021-05-25. # "United Nations: Margaret Sekaggya, UN special Rapporteur on Human Rights Defenders PAS)/ protection International" www.protectioninternational.org. eweputara 2021-05-25. # "Ndị ji ikike ugbu a". Ọfịs nke kọmishọna dị elu maka ikike mmadụ. Eweputara 9 junn 2021. [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 89jb7wfvam5jnvd83vg6d1rs9nkeskc 0 53622 632275 580517 2026-05-08T09:24:51Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 632275 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Ljiljana Raičević|birth_date=29 June 1947|nationality=Montenegrin}} '''Ljiljana Raičević (Serbian Cyrillic: Љиљана Раичевић; amụrụ 29 June 1947, née Petrović) bụ onye na-akwado ikike mmadụ na ikike ụmụ nwanyị na Serbia na Montenegro. Ọ bụ onye 2006 nwetara nzere nke Amnesty International Ginetta Sagan Fund Award. Raicevic kere Montenegro's SOS LINE, NGO mbụ na mba ahụ nke na-ejere ụmụ nwanyị ozi site n'inye ihe onwunwe maka ụmụ nwanyị nọ na mmekọrịta mkparị.Mgbe ọ chọpụtara na ụmụ nwanyị na-akpọ SOS LINE chọrọ enyemaka ọzọ, ebe dị mma ịnọ, yana enyemaka ahụike, nke uche na nke iwu, Raičević guzobere Ụlọ Nchekwa Ụmụ nwanyị, ebe nchekwa mbụ na Montenegro maka ndị a na-eme ihe ike n'ụlọ. 1] Site na Safe House, ọ gara nke ọma lobbied nzuko omeiwu nke Montenegro maka nnabata nke iwu nchedo akaebe.''' == Akụkọ ndụ == A mụrụ Raičević na Podgorica, Montenegro. Nna ya bụ Milovan Petrović na nne ya Lyubov, bụ onye Belarusian si Minsk. Raičević gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na Podgorica ebe nne ya kụziiri asụsụ Russian; ọ na-egwu boolu aka ma bụrụ onye otu omenala omenala, "Budo Tomović". Mgbe ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị gasịrị, ọ banyere na ngalaba nke History na Geography na Nikšić. Ọ zutere di ya n'ọdịnihu Andrew Loca Raičevića (d. 1994) mgbe ọ bụ nwata ọkàiwu; o mechara bụrụ osote onye ozi nke Montenegrin Ministry of Interior Affairs. Ha nwere ụmụ atọ, otu nwa nwanyị na ụmụ nwoke abụọ. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na Medical Institute na Podgorica site na 1970 ruo mgbe ọ lara ezumike nká na 1999. N'agbata afọ 1985 na afọ 1989, ọ bụ onye isi oche nke Union of Medical Workers. Ọ rụkwara ọrụ dị ka onye kansụl a họpụtara ahọpụta na Nzukọ Ndị Omeiwu maka Liberal Alliance of Montenegro . N'afọ 1996, o guzobere otu NGO ụmụ nwanyị mbụ na Montenegro, ebe a na-akpọ oku maka ndị a na-eme ihe ike n'ụlọ, ma rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye nhazi ya ruo n'afọ 1999. N'afọ ahụ, o guzobere NGO, Women's Safe House, ebe obibi mbụ maka ndị na-eme ihe ike n'ụlọ na Montenegro. N'afọ 2001, ọ ghọrọ onye otu ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka ọrụ na Montenegro maka ichebe ndị a na-ere ahịa mmadụ. Na mgbakwunye na ịrụ ọrụ na ndị na-eme ihe ike n'ụlọ na ịzụ ahịa mmadụ, Raičević na-akụziri ndị uwe ojii na ndị ọchịchị steeti banyere okwu ndị a.<ref name="Didanović2004" /><ref>{{Cite web|title=Razgovori sa fenomenalnim ženama (Conversations with phenomenal women)|url=http://www.womenngo.org.rs/zenski-pokret/feministicka-literatura/intervjui-razgovori-sa-fenomenalnim-zenama|publisher=Autonomni Zenski Centar Biograd|accessdate=26 April 2014|language=Serbian|archivedate=26 April 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140426232803/http://www.womenngo.org.rs/zenski-pokret/feministicka-literatura/intervjui-razgovori-sa-fenomenalnim-zenama}}</ref> == Ihe nrite == N'afọ 2003, ''Vreme'', akwụkwọ akụkọ Belgrade kpọrọ ya "Onye nke Afọ". <ref name="Didanović2004">{{Cite news|author=Didanović|first=Vera|title=Demontiranje patrijarhalne države|url=http://www.vreme.com/cms/view.php?id=363213|accessdate=26 April 2014|work=[[Vreme]]|date=8 January 2004|language=Bosnian}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title="Vreme": Najuspešnija ličnost Ljiljana Raičević|url=http://www.vesti.rs/Drustvo/Vreme-Najuspesnija-licnost-Ljiljana-Raicevic.html|work=vesti.rs|publisher=Vesti|accessdate=26 April 2014|date=5 January 2004}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye nwetara Ihe nrite Ginetta Sagan Fund Award n'afọ 2006. == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] eesn8chatst4apvap17ewopqih4q01b 0 55621 632287 368576 2026-05-08T11:46:11Z Goodymaraj 21567 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:3|0|0 */ 632287 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Gertrude Foster Brown Mrs. Raymond Brown ca 1913.jpg|thumb|Gertrude Foster Brown]] Gertrude Foster Brown (Ozizi Arthur Raymond Brown, Julaị 29, 1867 – Maachị 1, 1956) bụ onye pianist, onye nkuzi na onye nhọpụta. N'ịgbaso ngafe nke ụmụ nwanyị ịsọ mpi na steeti New York na 1917, ma na-eche njedebe nke ndezigharị nke iri na itoolu na iwu United States, [1] Brown dere Vote gị na otu esi eji ya, nke e bipụtara na 1918.[2][3] Ọ bụ onye isi oche nke Ụlọ Ọgwụ Women's Overseas na [[France]], nke ndị na-eme ntuli aka hiwere, na 1918. Na mgbakwunye na ọrụ ya na New York suffrage movement, o nyeere aka ịchọta National League of Women Voters. Ọ bụ onye isi nchịkwa nke akwụkwọ akụkọ nwanyị site na 1921-1931 <ref name="Papers">{{Cite web|url=http://oasis.lib.harvard.edu/oasis/deliver/~sch00093|title=Brown, Gertrude Foster, 1867-1956. Papers of Gertrude Foster Brown, 1822-1978 (inclusive), 1910-1949 (bulk): A Finding Aid|publisher=|accessdate=2016-10-31|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180703032536/http://oasis.lib.harvard.edu/oasis/deliver/~sch00093|archivedate=2018-07-03}}</ref> == Afọ ndị mbụ == A mụrụ Gertrude Foster na July 29, 1867, na Morrison, Illinois, nwa William Charles Foster na Lydia Anne Drake.<ref name="Papers2">{{Cite web|url=http://oasis.lib.harvard.edu/oasis/deliver/~sch00164|title=Brown, Gertrude Foster, 1867-1956. Additional papers of Gertrude Foster Brown, 1732-1956 (inclusive), 1815-1956 (bulk): A Finding Aid|publisher=|accessdate=2016-10-31|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180703032533/http://oasis.lib.harvard.edu/oasis/deliver/~sch00164|archivedate=2018-07-03}}</ref> Foster gụrụ piano na New England Conservatory of Music na Boston, [[Másáchusẹts|Massachusetts]]. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ afọ anọ n'ime afọ abụọ, gụsịrị akwụkwọ na August 1885. Mgbe ọ kụzichara ihe otu afọ na Dayton, [[Ohaïyo|Ohio]], ọ gara Europe, soro Xaver Scharwenka na Berlin na Élie-Miriam Delaborde na Paris[1] mụọ ihe n'etiti 1886 na Paris. 1889. <ref name="Papers2"/> == Ọrụ ime ihe nkiri == Na Jenụwarị 25, 1889, Foster mere nke mbụ ya dị ka onye na-akpọ piano na Philharmonic Orchestra na Berlin. <ref name="Papers"/> Ka ọ na-erule Julaị 1889, ọ laghachiri na United States, sonyeere Chicago Conservatory of Music, ebe ọ kụziri ma rụọ ọrụ ruo 1896. <ref name="Courier1889">{{Cite news|title=Miss Foster returns from Europe|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=psYxAQAAMAAJ&pg=RA1-PA109|accessdate=1 November 2016|work=The Musical Courier|date=July 31, 1889}}</ref><ref name="Who1918">{{Cite journal|title=Brown, Gertrude Foster|journal=Who's Who in New York|date=1918|volume=7|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o0sWAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA134|accessdate=31 October 2016}}</ref> N'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 1893, Gertrude Foster lụrụ Arthur Raymond Brown (1865-1944), onye na-ese ihe na onye na-ahụ maka mgbasa ozi nke na-arụ ọrụ na ''Chicago Evening Post''. N'afọ 1896, ha kwagara New York City, ebe Raymond Brown rụrụ ọrụ maka ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi Hawley.<ref name="Papers2"/> A maara ya dị ka onye na-ese ihe osise, onye edemede na onye nchịkọta nka.<ref name="Daytonian">{{Cite web|title=The 1883 Imperial Flats -- Nos. 55-57 East 76th Street|url=http://daytoninmanhattan.blogspot.com/2016/04/the-1883-imperial-flats-nos-55-57-east.html|work=Daytonian in Manhattan|date=2 April 2016|accessdate=April 2, 2016}}</ref> Gertrude Foster Brown gara n'ihu na-egwu egwu ma na-ekwu okwu banyere Richard Wagner na opera ya. <ref name="Papers2" /> == Ọrụ nke suffrage == Gertrude Foster Brown haziri otu nwanyị Suffrage Study Club na New York na 1909, [1] nke mechara bụrụ akụkụ nke Carrie Chapman Catt's Woman Suffrage Party. Brown gara mgbakọ National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) na 1910.[2] A họpụtara ya onye isi oche nke New York State Woman Suffrage Association na 1913.[3] Otu n'ime ihe ndị ọ na-eme bụ nhazi nke ịtụ vootu na New York City.[4] Otú ọ dị ịbụ di nke Suffragette, nke e bipụtara na 1915 na-amaghị aha ya, [5] ka ekwuru na ọ bụ di ya. <ref name="husband">{{Cite journal|title=How it feels to be the husband of a suffragette|journal=Friends' Intelligencer|date=September 25, 1915|volume=72|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aILTAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA622|accessdate=2 November 2016}}</ref><ref name="Daytonian"/><ref name="Chapman">{{Cite book|author=Chapman|first=Mary|title=Treacherous texts : U.S. suffrage literature, 1846-1946|date=2011|publisher=Rutgers University Press|location=New Brunswick, N.J.|isbn=978-0813549590|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iytwxk9q2wEC&pg=PA231}}</ref> Brown na-arụsi ọrụ ike na mkpọsa na New York maka ịgafe ikike ụmụ nwanyị. <ref name="Oregon">{{Cite news|title=Your Vote and How to Use It|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/78422272/|page=52|work=The Oregon Daily Journal|publisher=Portland, Oregon|date=March 17, 1918|quote="''Your Vote and How to Use It'' is the title of the book by Mrs. Raymond Brown, published by the Harpers. ''Your Vote and How to Use It'' answers all the questions which women who are to use the vote for the first time are asking. Mrs. Raymond Brown is one of the most active and important woman suffrage leaders and is chairman of organisation of state forces of the New York state Woman Suffrage party."}}</ref><ref name="Scarsdale">{{Cite news|title=Fine lecture at suffrage meeting|url=http://news.hrvh.org/veridian/cgi-bin/senylrc?a=d&d=scarsdaleinquire19170314.2.8|accessdate=7 November 2016|work=Scarsdale Inquirer|date=14 March 1917}}</ref> Mmeri e nwere n'ebe ahụ na Nọvemba 6, 1917, bụ nzọụkwụ dị mkpa iji mee ka Ndezigharị nke Iri na itoolu gaa na Iwu Iwu United States.<ref name="Hannan">{{Cite book|author=Hannan|first=Caryn|title=Illinois biographical dictionary|date=2008|publisher=State History Publications|location=Hamburg, MI|isbn=978-1878592606|pages=95–96|edition=2008-2009|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8AM4zQiGAxkC&pg=PA95|accessdate=1 November 2016}}</ref><ref name="Goodier">{{Cite book|author=Goodier|first=Susan|title=No Votes for Women : The New York State Anti-Suffrage Movement.|date=2013|publisher=University of Illinois Press|location=Urbana|isbn=978-0252078989|pages=71–72, 113–116|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=C6hx17zZVU4C&pg=PA71|accessdate=1 November 2016}}</ref><ref name="Harvey">{{Cite book|author=Harvey|first=Anna L.|title=Votes without leverage : women in American electoral politics, 1920-1970|date=1998|publisher=Cambridge Univ. Press|location=Cambridge, MA.|isbn=0521597439|pages=75–77|edition=1st|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VKGCbw5_P-wC&pg=PA77|accessdate=1 November 2016}}</ref><ref name="Rediscovered">{{Cite web|title=Women Win the Right to Vote in New York State|url=https://sites.newpaltz.edu/nyrediscovered/2013/11/06/women-win-the-right-to-vote-in-new-york-state/|work=New York Rediscovered|date=6 November 2013|accessdate=7 November 2016|archivedate=7 November 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161107155346/https://sites.newpaltz.edu/nyrediscovered/2013/11/06/women-win-the-right-to-vote-in-new-york-state/}}</ref> N'ịgbaso ikike ụmụ nwanyị na New York State na 1917, na-echere ka a gafee Ndezigharị nke Iri na itoolu, Brown dere ''Vote gị na otu esi eji ya''. <ref name="Blackwell">{{Cite news|title=Your vote and how to use it|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KtMRAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA1134|accessdate=7 November 2016|work=The Woman Citizen|page=1135|date=May 24, 1919}}</ref><ref name="Brown2">{{Cite book|author=Brown|first=Gertrude Foster|title=Your vote and how to use it|date=1918|publisher=Harper & Brothers|location=New York|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?q1=National%20Suffrage;id=nyp.33433075931000;view=image;start=1;sz=10;page=root;size=100;seq=106;num=78;orient=0|accessdate=2 November 2016|quote="The National Amendment for Woman Suffrage: An amendment to the Federal Constitution is pending which provides that the right to vote shall not be denied on account of sex. While New York State has given the vote to its women, this permission does not extend beyond its borders."}}</ref> Harper & Brothers bipụtara ya na Febụwarị 1918, :: verso  ma New York State Women Suffrage Party kwadoro ya.<ref name="Copyright">{{Cite book|title=Catalog of Copyright Entries|date=1918|publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ikHQAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA262}}</ref><ref name="Brown">{{Cite book|author=Brown|first=Gertrude Foster|title=Your vote and how to use it|date=1918|publisher=Harper & Brothers|location=New York|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=nyp.33433075931000;view=1up;seq=10|accessdate=2 November 2016}}</ref><ref name="Brown" />: vi N'ime ya, ọ gbara ụmụ nwanyị New York ume ka ha bụrụ ezigbo ụmụ amaala ma jiri ikike ọhụrụ ha ịtụ vootu mee ihe.<ref name="Oregon" /><ref name="Brown3" /><ref name="Lima">{{Cite journal|author=Lima|first=Agnes de|title=Book Reviews|journal=The Survey|date=July 13, 1918|volume=40|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_6UqAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA428|accessdate=7 November 2016}}</ref> N'imeso ndị obodo "site n'echiche nke nwanyị na-atụ vootu", a gbara ụmụ nwanyị ume "ile vootu ha anya dị ka ntụkwasị obi a ga-eji mee ihe ọ bụghị iji kwalite ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, kama iji kwalite ọdịmma mmadụ".<ref name="Brown3">{{Cite book|author=Brown|first=Gertrude Foster|chapter=Preface|title=Your vote and how to use it|date=1918|publisher=Harper & Brothers|location=New York|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?q1=encourage;id=nyp.33433075931000;view=image;start=1;sz=10;page=root;size=100;seq=25|accessdate=2 November 2016}}</ref> ''Vote gị na otu esi eji ya'' eme ihe Ọ bụ otu n'ime ọtụtụ "akwụkwọ ntuziaka ụmụ amaala" na-akụziri ụmụ nwanyị ikike na ibu ọrụ ọhụrụ ha ma na-agba ha ume iwere ọrụ ọhụrụ ha n'ụzọ siri ike.<ref name="Kathryn">{{Cite book|author=Brown|first=Kathryn|title=The Education of the Woman Citizen, 1917-1918|date=2010|publisher=State University, Ohio LINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center|location=Bowling Green, Ohio|pages=2–4, 43–49|url=https://etd.ohiolink.edu/rws_etd/document/get/bgsu1277150212/inline|accessdate=2 November 2016}}</ref><ref name="Oregon"/> A na-ejikwa ụfọdụ n'ime ihe ya mee ihe dị ka ihe ndabere nke akwụkwọ ozi maka ụmụ nwanyị na-eme ntụli aka, nke New York State Women Suffrage Party kesara.<ref name="Lima"/> E depụtara akwụkwọ ahụ n'onwe ya dị ka ndị na-atụ aro ịgụ akwụkwọ maka Girl Guides ndị chọrọ inweta Citizen's Badge, na akwụkwọ ntuziaka nke 1920 Scouting for Girls . <ref name="Scouts">{{Cite web|title=Girl Scouts and the Women's Movement|url=http://www.gsuniv.org/history/girl-scouts-and-the-womens-movement/|work=Girl Scouts University|accessdate=7 November 2016|archivedate=7 November 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161107155527/http://www.gsuniv.org/history/girl-scouts-and-the-womens-movement/}}</ref> N'afọ 1918, mgbe òtù ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị haziri Ụlọ Ọgwụ Ụmụ nwanyị na France, Gertrude Foster Brown ghọrọ Director-General, <ref name="Papers"/> <ref name="Bookman1922">{{Cite news|title=The Contributor's Column|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=H59DAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA719|accessdate=31 October 2016|work=The Bookman|page=719|publisher=Dodd, Mead and Company|date=1922}}</ref> na-eje ozi na France.<ref name="Illinois">{{Cite journal|title=CHEERFUL TO LAST WRITES THE SURGEON OF WINIFRED FAIRFAX WARDER. Comforting Letters Received by Parents Wrote Them Day Before She Died.|journal=Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society|date=April 1919|volume=12|pages=101–103|url=https://archive.org/stream/journalishs12illiuoft/journalishs12illiuoft_djvu.txt|accessdate=31 October 2016}}</ref> E zigara ndị ọrụ nwanyị iri asaa na anọ site na United States gaa ụlọ ọgwụ ahụ.<ref name="Hannan"/> Brown nyere aka guzobe National League of Women Voters, na-eje ozi dị ka onyeisi oche nke otu ahụ dere atụmatụ nhazi ya. "Onye dị mfe, nke ziri ezi, nke na-arụ ọrụ, ọ kpasuru ụzọ sara mbara na-enweghị ihe isi ike. " <ref name="Board">{{Cite news|title=Board of the National League of Women Voters|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qtYRAQAAMAAJ&pg=PT818|accessdate=7 November 2016|work=The Woman Citizen|pages=919, 925|date=February 28, 1920|author=Blackwell|first=Alice Stone}}</ref> E ji ịnụ ọkụ n'obi jaa Brown mma maka mbọ ya.<ref name="Hannan"/><ref name="Board" /> O sokwa na New York Woman's City Club . <ref name="Papers"/> Site na 1921 ruo 1931, Brown bụ onye isi njikwa nke The Woman's Journal, nke a kpọrọ The Woman Citizen. N'ịbụ nke Lucy Stone na Henry B. Blackwell guzobere na 1870, e bipụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ ruo 1931 na Great Depression. <ref name="Papers" /> Ndị Brown gara Europe na North Africa n'afọ ndị 1930. <ref name="Papers"/> Gertrude Foster Brown ghọrọ onye na-akwado Njikọ Mba.<ref name="President">{{Cite news|author=Brown|first=Gertrude Foster|title=A letter to the President|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IohLAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA97|accessdate=31 October 2016|work=The Woman Citizen|pages=12–13|date=July 30, 1921}}</ref> N'oge [[World War II|Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ]], ọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike na Kọmitii Ọrụ Ụmụ nwanyị maka Mmeri na Udo Na-adịgide Adịgide. N'afọ 1945, ọ nọchitere anya kọmitii ahụ na nzukọ United Nations Conference on International Organization na San Francisco, California . <ref name="Lanset">{{Cite web|author=Lanset|first=Andy|title=Listen to a 101-Year-Old Clarion Call for Women's Suffrage Preserved in Shellac|url=http://www.wnyc.org/story/rare-call-womens-suffrage-new-york-preserved-shellac/|work=NYPR Archives and Preservation|date=March 8, 2016|accessdate=31 October 2016}}</ref> Otu n'ime akwụkwọ ya bụ akụkọ ndụ ya, Suffrage and Music: My First Eighty Years . <ref name="Papers"/> == Ndụ e mesịrị == Ndị Brown enweghị ụmụ.[1] Raymond Brown nwụrụ n'April 30, 1944, n'ụlọ ha dị na New York na 1883 Imperial Flats-Nos. 55-57 East 76th Street.[2] Nwunye ya lekọtara ya ara mgbe ọ na-arịa ọrịa.[1] Gertrude gara n'ihu na-ebi n'ime ụlọ, ma hazie otu egwu ụlọ na-egwu ebe ahụ.[2] Gertrude nwụrụ na Machị 1, 1956, na Westport, Connecticut. <ref name="NYTObituary">{{Cite news|title=GERTRUDE BROWN, SUFFRAGIST, DIES; A Founder of Women Voters Unit Was Concert Pianist, Teacher and Editor Impetus to Efforts Studied Music in Europe|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1956/03/03/archives/gertrude-brown-suffragist-dies-a-founder-of-women-voters-unit-was.html|accessdate=31 October 2016|work=The New York Times|page=19|date=March 3, 1956}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ụmụ nwanyị * Ndepụta nke suffragists na suffragettes == Ihe odide == [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] apvxdnxbx8jeb8wqe3lp5m9bdnim0cp 0 57266 632292 368619 2026-05-08T11:47:10Z Goodymaraj 21567 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:3|0|0 */ 632292 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   Muriel MacSwiney (née Murphy, 8 June 1892 - 26 Ọktoba 1982) bụ onye mba Ireland na nwanyị mbụ e nyere nnwere onwe nke New York City.  Ọ bụ nwunye Terence MacSwiney, nne Máire MacSwiney Brugha na nwunye Mary MacSwiney.  Ọgba aghara nke Terence na 1920 ghọrọ onye ama ama n'ụwa niile, mgbe ọ nwụsịrị, ọ ghọrọ otu n'ime ndị na-arụsi ọrụ ike na Ireland, na-eme mkpọsa n'ọtụtụ ebe na United States na mmalite 1920s Mgbe ọ merisịrị Anti-Treaty IRA na Agha Irish nke 1923, Muriel anọghị na Ireland wee malite ibi ndụ bohemian na Europe.  Otú ọ dị, e nwere esemokwu na nwunye Máire, nke mere ka esemokwu dị n'etiti Máire na di ya mgbe Máire kpebiri ịlaghachi Ireland ma mesịa hapụ ya na 1934. MacSwiney nọrọ ọtụtụ n'ime 1930 na Paris, [[France]], na site na 1940 ruo England, bụ ebe ọ na-etinye aka mgbe ụfọdụ na ntuli aka nke ndị Republican.. == Oge ọ malitere == A mụrụ Muriel Frances Murphy na 8 June 1892 n'ezinụlọ Cork bara ọgaranya. Nna ya bụ Nicholas Murphy na nne ya Mary Gertrude Purcell nke Carrigmore, na Montenotte, obodo Cork. E zigara MacSwiney n'ụlọ akwụkwọ, n'ụlọ ndị nọn dị na Sussex. Ka ọ na-etolite, ọ bịara leghara ihe ùgwù nke ịzụlite ya anya, na-ekwu na ezinụlọ ya bụ "ndị na-akwado ọchịchị, ndị na-agbaso omenala, ndị isi obodo, na ndị Roman Katọlik".<ref name="DIB"/> == Mgbalị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na alụmdi na nwunye ya na Terence MacSwiney ==   Na 1915, ọ nwere mmasị na mmegharị mba Irish, Njikọ Gaelic nke Cumann na mBan.  Ọ bụ akụkụ nke otu ndị ha na ụmụnne nwanyị Terence MacSwiney bụ enyi.  Murphy hụrụ MacSwiney ka ọ na-enye okwu ihu ọha na nzukọ Manchester Martyr, ma ọ bụ na Christmas 1915 ka ọ zutere Fleischmann.  Site n'ebe ahụ, ọ malitere ịhụ na, mgbe Ista Rising nke 1916 gasịrị, Murphy zutere MacSwiney na Ụlọ Nzukọ Volunteer nke Cork, na MacSwineay na ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo ndị Irish ndị ọzọ nwere mgbagwoju anya ma ha kwesịrị ịhazi ma ọ bụ na ha agaghị ahazi.  Mmekọrịta ka mma malitere mgbe Rising gasịrị, ha abụọ nọgidere na-ekwurịta okwu na weebụsaịtị mgbe MacSwiney nọ n'ụlọ mkpọrọ.  Ezinụlọ Murphy tụrụ egwu na ọ ga-ahapụ ụlọ ahụ n'ụzọ ọ bụla, Otú ọ dị, mgbe MacSwiney kpọgara England ozugbo a tọhapụsịrị ya n'ụlọ mkpọrọ, Murphy hapụrụ ụlọ ahụ.  Ha abụọ lụrụ na June 9, 1917 na Bromyard, England, otu ụbọchị mgbe Murphy nwụsịrị 25th ụbọchị ọmụmụ, na otu ụbọchị mgbe o ruru afọ ndụ ya, a tọhapụrụ ya na nwunye ya na ezinụlọ Murphy.[1]  Nwunye ya bụ Geraldine O'Sullivan (Neeson) na ezigbo nwoke ya bụ Richard Mulcahy. N'oge okpomọkụ nke 1917, di na nwunye ahụ gara ọtụtụ nleta n'ụlọ ha na Douglas Road, Cork.  N'ọnwa Nọvemba, Terence tụkwara ime ọzọ, mana o teghị aka Muriel (n'oge a dị ime) jụrụ.  O dere na kundy na ya "anabataị Ṅoọọọ ọoụ ọ-ụ.  Na 1917 na 1918, a tọhapụrụ Terence ma tụọ ya mkpọrọ ozugbo, Muriel gara mkpọrọ na Dundalk, Belfast.  Ọ laghachiri na Cork na June 1918 ka ọ mụọ nwunye ya, Máire MacSwiney Brugha..<ref name="DIB"/> === Ọgba aghara agụụ ikpeazụ nke Terence MacSwiney === Ndụ MacSwiney gara n'ihu na-agbanwe ruo mgbe ọnwụ ikpeazụ Terence malitere, nke malitere n'oge okpomọkụ nke 1920. Terence ghọrọ Lord Mayor of Cork na March 1920, ma malitekwa 1920 agụụ nri Cork, nke ghọrọ ihe omume zuru ụwa ọnụ.  Ọ bụ ezie na o nyere Terence nkwado kwa ụbọchị, MacSwiney rịọkwara ndị agha Irish Republican ka ha kpọọ Terence ka ọ kwụsị ọrụ ahụ.  Ọ bụ ezie na Muriel mesịrị kwuo n'ihu ọha na ọ kwadoro asịrị ahụ n'ụzọ zuru ezu, o sokwa na-alụso nwunye ya, Mary MacSwiney ọgụ, bụ onye e gburu Terence.  Terence nwụrụ site na igbu onwe ya na Ọktoba 25, 1920. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, Muriel bụ naanị onye otu ezinụlọ Terence nyochara nyocha Britain banyere ọnwụ ya, nke kpatara esemokwu.  Muriel enweghị ike ịlaghachi Ireland n'ihi na mmadụ 10,000 bịara.<ref name="DIB"/> == Ịga n'ihu na-eme ihe ike == [[Faịlụ:Muriel_MacSwiney,_1922_(cropped).jpg|thumb|267x267px|Foto MacSwiney sere na 1922]]   Ọnwụ MacSwiney nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na ndụ ya, ịbụ ihe omume ọha na eze na ọnwụ onwe ya.  Ọnwụ MacSwiney bụ akara nke nwanyị nwụrụ n'oge gara aga.  N'okwu a, MacSwiney kwadoro United States na "Commission on ọnọdụ na Ireland" na 1921, nke e mere na Washington DC.  Na ụzọ, MacSwiney kpọrọ ndị nnọchianya nke ụmụ nwanyị Irish, gụnyere Mary MacSwineay, si New York na Boston, ikwu okwu na nnọkọ ọha na eze iji kwado ndị Irish America.  Njem ahụ na America mgbe ọnwa asatọ gachara bụ nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma n'ịgbanwe echiche nke ọha America na ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị America n'ebe ndị Irish nọ, na Muriel bụ nwanyị mbụ na akụkọ ihe mere eme nwetara nnwere onwe nke New York City na 1922..<ref name="DIB"/> MacSwiney laghachiri Ireland na Jenụwarị 1922, obere oge ka ha bịanyere aka n'akwụkwọ nkwado nke Anglo-Irish Treaty nke December 1921. MacSwiney megidere nkwekọrịta ahụ;  Akwụkwọ ozi na-ekwupụta mmegide megide William Stockley gụrụ na Dáil na June 1922 bụ akụkụ nke ndị agha Hammam Hotel n'okpuru nduzi nke Cathal Brugha.[1]  MacSwiney sonyekwara otu ndị nnọchi anya Red Cross bụ ndị napụtara Annie M.P. Smithson n'ụlọ mkpọrọ Mullingar site n'enyemaka nke Linda Kearns MacWhinney.. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ọ zutere MacSwiney obere oge.  Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, MacSwiney na Kearns hapụrụ America, MacSwineay malitekwara njem ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ọzọ, na n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, ọ kwadoro akụkụ mgbochi Treaty.  Ọ na nwunye ya, Máire, onye a mụrụ na O'Rahilly.  Ka ha na-eme mkpọsa maka steeti, ndị Irish-America chọrọ nkwado, MacSwiney gbalịrị ịkwado nkwado maka akụkụ mgbochi Treaty.  Mgbe ha nọ na New York City, MacSwiney na Robert Briscoe banyere n'ụlọ ọrụ nnọchi anya Irish ma ndị uwe ojii jidere ya.  Ọ gbakwara mkpọsa maka ntọhapụ nke onye Kọmunist Irish Jim Larkin, onye a mara ikpe na afọ 5 ruo 10 maka "Mpụ Anarchy" na 1919 wee maa ya ikpe ndụ na New York's Sing..<ref name="DIB"/> == Ndụ e mesịrị == MacSwiney laghachiri Ireland n'oge okpomọkụ nke 1923;  Kemgbe ahụ, ndị Irish Agha Obodo enweela mmeri na Anti-Treaty IRA.  MacSwiney kwupụtara na ya bụ onye na-ekweghị ekwe malitere ịkwado, ma mesịa hụ n'anya, Jim Larkin's Irish Worker League.  M zaghachiri, Muriel bụ Máire wee gaa Germany.<ref name="DIB"/> Mgbe ọtụtụ afọ nke ịda mbà n'obi gasịrị, MacSwiney gara Germany, [[Switzerland]], France, wee gaa ụlọ akwụkwọ ụlọ akwụkwọ German.  MacSwiney nọgidere na-etinye aka na mwakpo ndị Germany wakporo Pullman, bụ́ ebe ọ lụrụ ada ya nke abụọ, bụ́ Alix, na 1926. E mesịrị gbuo Pullman na Nazi Germany..<ref name="DIB"/> === Ịhapụ Máire === Na 1932, Máire MacSwiney kpebiri ịlaghachi Ireland ka ya na nwanne nne ya Mary nọrọ.  Mgbe Mary jụrụ ịnakwere ikike nke Irish Free State, onye ndu ọhụrụ a họpụtara, Republican Éamon de Valera, nyere paspọtụ ya.  N'ikpeazụ, Muriel kwenyere na de Valera na Mary gbara izu ịtọrọ Máire.  Otú ọ dị, Máire, n'aka nke ọzọ, na-ajụkarị echiche e wetara ya, dị ka à ga-asị na o chere na ndụ ya na kọntinent ahụ enweghị isi.  Ihe sochiri bụ ọgụ megide Meri, nke ụlọikpe kpebiri n'aha Meri.  Muriel ekwughị na ọ bụ mmetụta Chọọchị Katọlik kpatara mkpebi ahụ, ọ bụ ezie na ọkàikpe ukwu ahụ kwuru na ya chebaara ihe Máire echiche echiche nakwa na o chebaghị echiche banyere ndụ Muriel.  Mgbe Máire jụrụ ịlaghachi na Switzerland na 1934, mmekọrịta dị n'etiti Muriel na Máire kwụsịrị kpamkpam, n'agbanyeghị mgbalị Máire na Ruairi Brugha gbara kemgbe ọtụtụ afọ..<ref name="Ireland 2018">{{Cite web|title="Mary, Annie and Muriel MacSwiney – Extraordinary Women in Extraordinary Times." – The Spirit of Mother Jones Festival|work=The Spirit of Mother Jones Festival – Shandon, Cork City, Ireland|date=2018-07-22|url=https://motherjonescork.com/2018/07/22/mary-annie-and-muriel-macswiney-extraordinary-women-in-extraordinary-times-2/|accessdate=2019-10-17}}</ref><ref name="The Irish Times 2013">{{Cite news|title=An Irishwoman's Diary|work=The Irish Times|date=2013-03-21|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/opinion/an-irishwoman-s-diary-1.533049|accessdate=2019-10-17}}</ref><ref name="CSO">{{Cite web|title=Life in 1916 Ireland: Stories from statistics|url=https://www.cso.ie/en/releasesandpublications/ep/p-1916/1916irl/cpr/cwr/mmc/}}</ref><ref name="Dwyer 2018">{{Cite web|author=Dwyer|first=Fin|title=LISTEN: The first woman to receive the freedom of New York, part II|work=IrishCentral.com|date=2018-11-22|url=https://www.irishcentral.com/roots/muriel-macswiney-freedom-of-new-york-podcast|accessdate=2019-10-17}}</ref><ref name="McGarry 2011">{{Cite book|author=McGarry|first=F.|title=Rebels: Voices from the Easter Rising|publisher=Penguin Books Limited|year=2011|isbn=978-0-14-196930-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bN6iekOheLAC&pg=PT41|accessdate=2019-10-17}}</ref><ref name="Irish history podcast 2018">{{Cite web|title=A Revolutionary Life: Muriel MacSwiney Part I • Irish history podcast|work=Irish history podcast|date=2018-10-22|url=https://irishhistorypodcast.ie/a-revolutionary-life-muriel-macswiney-part-i/|accessdate=2019-10-17|archivedate=2019-10-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191017150849/https://irishhistorypodcast.ie/a-revolutionary-life-muriel-macswiney-part-i/}}</ref><ref name="Stair na hÉireann 2017">{{Cite web|title=History of IrelandIrish History, Culture, Heritage, Language, MythologyMuriel MacSwiney|work=Stair na hÉireann &#124; History of Ireland|date=2017-06-07|url=https://stairnaheireann.net/tag/muriel-macswiney/|accessdate=2019-10-17|archivedate=2019-10-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191017151023/https://stairnaheireann.net/tag/muriel-macswiney/}}</ref><ref name="Bayor Meagher 1997">{{Cite book|author=Bayor|first=R.H.|title=The New York Irish|publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press|year=1997|isbn=978-0-8018-5764-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WfCmS90xyEIC&pg=PA372|accessdate=2019-10-17}}</ref> === Ndụ na France na England === N'afọ ndị 1930, MacSwiney bi na Paris, France, ma nọgide na-etinye aka na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, nke na-emekarị n'etiti ndị fọdụrụ, gụnyere ndị Kọmunist.  Ọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike na Ligue de l'enseignement, otu ndị nkuzi na-abụghị ndị otu, nke Owen Sheehy Skeffington, onye Irish socialist nke bi na Paris kemgbe ahụ haziri.  Mgbe ọ gara France, ya na onye Kọmunist Pierre Kaan nwere mmekọrịta ịhụnanya.  Kaan, bụ́ otu n’ime ndị agha France n’oge [[World War II|Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ]], ndị Gestapo zigara ya Ogige ma nwụọ na May 18, 1945..<ref name="DIB"/> Na 1950s, nwunye MacSwiney, Otú ọ dị, nwere ike itinye akwụkwọ maka ụgwọ ezumike nká nke nwanyị di ya nwụrụ, ngụkọta £ 500 kwa afọ, site na ọchịchị Irish maka alụmdi na nwunye Terence.  N'afọ 1957, ọ jụrụ ịmepụta ụlọ ụka maka Terence MacSwiney nke St George's Cathedral, Southwark, England.  MacSwiney kwuru na e nweghị aha Terence nke Ireland, nke òtù na-abụghị okpukpe, na ijere ndị ogbenye ozi..<ref name="DIB"/> Ka ọ na-erule afọ 1970, MacSwiney nọgidere na-etinye aka na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị: Ọ katọrọ iwu mba ọzọ nke America na Vietnam, na-akpọ USA "ike ụwa".<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Irish Perspectives on the Vietnam War|journal=Irish Studies in International Affairs|volume=14|pages=75–94|author=McNamara|first=Robert|year=2003|doi=10.3318/ISIA.2003.14.1.75}}</ref> N'afọ 1972, o kwuru okwu n'ihu ọha na nzukọ nke Workers' Association for the Democratic Settlement of the National Conflict na Ireland. <ref name="DIB">{{Cite web|url=https://www.dib.ie/biography/macswiney-muriel-frances-a5296|title=MacSwiney, Muriel Frances|author=Dolan|first=Anne|date=October 2009|work=[[Dictionary of Irish Biography]]|publisher=|accessdate=16 January 2023|quote=}}</ref> MacSwiney enweghị mmekọrịta ya na Máire ma ọ bụ ndị òtù ezinụlọ ndị ọzọ.  A mụrụ MacSwiney na Tonbridge na Kent wee lụọ nwunye ya Alix na njedebe nke ndụ ya.  Ọ nwụrụ na 26 Ọktoba 1982 na Hospitallọ Ọgwụ Oakwood, Maidstone.<ref name="DIB"/><ref name="Ireland 2018"/><ref name="The Irish Times 2013"/><ref name="CSO"/><ref name="Dwyer 2018"/><ref name="Stair na hÉireann 2017"/><ref name="Irish Statute Book">{{Cite web|title=Macswiney (Pension) Act, 1950, Section 1|work=Irish Statute Book|url=http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1950/act/30/section/1/enacted/en/html|accessdate=2019-10-17}}</ref> == Ihe edeturu == <nowiki>.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</nowiki> == Ebe e si nweta ya == {{Reflist}} r40vjcuj3r6wxlh09vs2104livfbmba 0 58595 632239 631157 2026-05-07T19:38:32Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 632239 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kaisa Pöyry''' (1818-1892), bụ onye Finland na-ahụ maka ọgwụ mkpá akwụkwọ ma a na-akpọkwa ya onye amoosu ma ọ bụ agadi nwanyị maara ihe. Ọ bi na Ristina na Savolax, ma a na-ekwu na ọ na-adọta ndị ahịa si n'akụkụ dị ukwuu nke Finland. A na-akpọkwa Ristiina “Onye na-eche Kaisa Pöyry” n'ihi aha ọma ya. == Akụkọ ndụ == A mụrụ ya Katarina Wanqvist na 1818 na ugbo ịnyịnya Sairila n'akụkụ Mikkeli. Nne na nna ya bụ Martti Wanqvist na Christian-born Anna Hokkanen. Pöyry si n'ọnọdụ dị ala ma jiri akụkụ dị ukwuu nke ndụ ya na-arụ ọrụ dị ka odibo na Ristina. Ọ mụtara nkà nke ịgwọ ọrịa, nke e kwenyere na ọ sitere n'aka di ya na-eme njem na Lappish. Kaisa mụrụ nwa na 1848 na nwoke a na-eme njem ma n'ihi nke ahụ banye na nsogbu iwu, ebubo nke mmekọahụ nzuzo. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Kirjoitukset avainsanalla Pöyryn Kaisa|url=https://www.etlehti.fi/blogit/kadonneen-suvun-metsastaja/avainsana/13676/14213|accessdate=2024-06-11|work=ET|language=fi|archivedate=2025-03-19|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250319142016/https://www.etlehti.fi/blogit/kadonneen-suvun-metsastaja/avainsana/13676/14213}}</ref> E nweghị kpọmkwem ihe ọmụma ná ndụ Pöyry banyere mgbe ọ malitere ịgba afa na ọgwụ, ma a na-ewere ihe ndị dị otú ahụ n’ógbè ahụ dị ka ihe na-enyo enyo na nke dị ize ndụ n’oge ahụ.<ref name=":0" />{{Cite web|title=Kirjoitukset avainsanalla Pöyryn Kaisa|url=https://www.etlehti.fi/blogit/kadonneen-suvun-metsastaja/avainsana/13676/14213|accessdate=2024-06-11|work=ET|language=fi|archivedate=2024-05-29|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529204144/https://www.etlehti.fi/blogit/kadonneen-suvun-metsastaja/avainsana/13676/14213}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">. ''ET'' (in Finnish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-06-11</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Finnish-language sources (fi)]]</ref> Na 17 Septemba 1858, akwụkwọ akụkọ Suometar dere banyere ihe omume ebe a kpọtụrụ aha na otu onye pụtara n'etiti ụlọ ahụ, onye kwuru na ọ maara ihe niile na onye ụmụ agbọghọ ahụ gara ịgwa okwu banyere ọchịchọ ha. Na mgbakwunye na nke a, a rịọrọ ya maka enyemaka maka ihe mberede na ọrịa. Nke a dọtara uche ndị obodo ahụ ma nye iwu ka a kpọọ ya n'ụlọ ikpe nkwa ọlụlụ.Otú ọ dị, Pöyry abịaghị n’ụlọikpe n’ihi otú e si gwọọ ya, ma n’ihi na, n’otu ụbọchị dị nsọ, n’ọnụ ụzọ ámá nke chọọchị Ristina, n’etiti okwuchukwu onye ụkọchukwu, o ji kaadị buru amụma ndị nọ n’akụkụ ya. Ihe omume a mere ka a kpọta ya n'ụlọ ikpe na Oge Mgbụsị akwụkwọ na 1858. <ref name=":0" />{{Cite web|title=Kirjoitukset avainsanalla Pöyryn Kaisa|url=https://www.etlehti.fi/blogit/kadonneen-suvun-metsastaja/avainsana/13676/14213|accessdate=2024-06-11|work=ET|language=fi|archivedate=2024-05-29|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529204144/https://www.etlehti.fi/blogit/kadonneen-suvun-metsastaja/avainsana/13676/14213}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">. ''ET'' (in Finnish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-06-11</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Finnish-language sources (fi)]]</ref> Pop art na mysticism gosipụtakwara usoro ọgwụgwọ Pöyry. Ọ na-eme ọgwụgwọ arcane, na-eme emume na ọgwụgwọ zoro ezo site na anya.A na-ekwu na Pöyry na-agụ ọgwụ ndị dị n'ìhè nke onye na-ese siga ma ọ bụ na kichin nke ụlọ, na-eji ha dị ka ihe atụ na njikọ rye, bọta na àkwá. Ọ bụ ezie na o ji ihe ime mmụọ dị otú ahụ eme ihe, ọ bụghị nanị ịgba ọgwụ ike n’ọrụ ịgwọ ọrịa ya. O jikwa ọgwụ ndị sitere n'okike na ụzọ ọgwụgwọ ndị mere ka obi sie ya ike na-eme ihe.<ref name=":0" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">. ''ET'' (in Finnish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-06-11</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Finnish-language sources (fi)]]</ref> A maara Pöyry dị ka obere nwanyị nwere ntutu isi ojii na anya ojii. Mgbe ọ dị afọ 42, ọ lụrụ Hesekiel Hiski Hermanninpoika Torniainen, nwanne nwoke onye na-anya ụgbọ ala si n'obodo Liikala na Ristiina, n'afọ 1860. O kwere omume na Hiski Torniainen nwere njikọ na Pöyry. Mgbe Torniainen nwụsịrị na 1880, Pöyry na nwa ya nwoke kwagara ma soro nwunye nwa ya nwanyị Hedda Helena Väisänen kerịta nkà ọgwụgwọ ya, onye nwekwara ike ịbụ onye ikwu Pöyry. Väisänen gara n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ anwansi na Ristiina.<ref name=":0" />{{Cite web|title=Kirjoitukset avainsanalla Pöyryn Kaisa|url=https://www.etlehti.fi/blogit/kadonneen-suvun-metsastaja/avainsana/13676/14213|accessdate=2024-06-11|work=ET|language=fi|archivedate=2024-05-29|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529204144/https://www.etlehti.fi/blogit/kadonneen-suvun-metsastaja/avainsana/13676/14213}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">. ''ET'' (in Finnish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-06-11</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Finnish-language sources (fi)]]</ref> A na-akpọ otu okporo ámá dị na Ristina aha Kaisa Pöyry.<ref name=":0" />{{Cite web|title=Kirjoitukset avainsanalla Pöyryn Kaisa|url=https://www.etlehti.fi/blogit/kadonneen-suvun-metsastaja/avainsana/13676/14213|accessdate=2024-06-11|work=ET|language=fi|archivedate=2025-03-19|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250319142016/https://www.etlehti.fi/blogit/kadonneen-suvun-metsastaja/avainsana/13676/14213}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">. ''ET'' (in Finnish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-06-11</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Finnish-language sources (fi)]]</ref> Pöyry nwụrụ mgbe ọ dị afọ 73, na-arịa "ọrịa nchegbu".<ref name=":0" />{{Cite web|title=Kirjoitukset avainsanalla Pöyryn Kaisa|url=https://www.etlehti.fi/blogit/kadonneen-suvun-metsastaja/avainsana/13676/14213|accessdate=2024-06-11|work=ET|language=fi}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.etlehti.fi/blogit/kadonneen-suvun-metsastaja/avainsana/13676/14213 "Kirjoitukset avainsanalla Pöyryn Kaisa"]. ''ET'' (in Finnish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-06-11</span></span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Finnish-language sources (fi)]]</ref> == Edensibia == <references /> odzsb5p35kkuiv09m3ehfce7voiezux 0 60397 632300 624044 2026-05-08T11:49:53Z Goodymaraj 21567 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:2|0|0 */ 632300 wikitext text/x-wiki Pascal Bafyau (1947-2012) bụ onye ọrụ aka Naijiria na onye isi oche nke atọ nke Nigerian Labour Congress, ọ duziri njikọ ahụ site na 1988 ruo 1994, na-amị Ali Chiroma.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Reflections on friends, comrades & heroes|author=Aremu, Issa.|date=2015|publisher=Malthouse Press|isbn=978-9785332155|location=Lagos [Nigeria]|pages=176–180|oclc=918788116}}</ref><ref name="falo">{{Cite book|title=Historical dictionary of Nigeria|author=Falola, Toyin|isbn=9781538113134|edition=Second|location=Lanham, Maryland|pages=66|oclc=1019846236|year=2018}}</ref>Bafyau gafere na National Institute of Policy and Strategic Studies, Kuru ma bụrụkwa onye a họpụtara na 1986 Political Bureau. == Ndụ nke bafyau == Bafyau gara ụlọ akwụkwọ ugbo na kabba mana e wepụrụ ọnwụ ya tupu ọ gụchaa mgbe ọ bụ onye ndú nke otu ụmụ akwụkwọ, ọ dịghị na ọgba aghara n'akwụkwọ ahụ.. Otu afọ mgbe a mụrụ na 1967, Ndị na-arụ ọrụ ụgbọ okporo ụzọ, (NRC) were were. Ọ bụ na NRC ka ọ na-ederịsị ọrụ ike n'òtù ndị ọrụ, ọ sonyeere Railway Permanent Ways Workers Union na Nigeria Union of Railwaymen. <ref name="falo" />Bafyau bilitere ghọọ odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke ikpeazụ, na-anọchite anya otu ahụ na nzukọ ndị ọrụ nke mba ahụ, wee bụrụ osote onye isi oche na onye isi oche. <ref name="olu">{{Cite magazine|last=Awogbemila|first=Olu|date=May 8, 1989|title=The Moderate Socialist|magazine=TheWeek|location=Lagos|page=19}}</ref> N'afọ 1988, nkewa kewara NLC n'ime nkewa abụọ nke ndị na-ahụ anya, ndị na-alụ ọgụ ọgụ ebido idu na-alụ ụzọ maka ọhụrụ aka ọhụrụ. A ahụmahụ Bafyau ka ọ bụrụ onye isi ala ma mee ya n'anyị awụ December 1988. Otu n'ime egwu ndị dị mfe ama e mere n'oge ọ nọ n'ọkwa bụ abụ iwu ụlọ ọrụ nwere okpukpu iri na abụọ na [[Abuja]].<ref name=":0" /> Ọ bụghị naanị na Bafyau na-etinye aka na ọrụ aka ọ bụ onye na-ekere òkè na ụzọ onye kwuo uche ya n'oge Republic nke Atọ, ọ bụ onye otu Constituent Assembly nke 1987 wee gaa n'ihu na-hazi otu onye ọrụ nke onye isi agha, Babangida akwụkwọ iwu. Ndị otu ahụ wee onye na Social Democratic Party. N'afọ 1993, Bafyau na-akpa ime ka Abiola kwenye, onye bụ nhọrọ nke pati ahụ maka ọkwa onye isi ala ya dị ka onye osote onye isi ala.<ref name=":0" /> Abiola ndụ Kingibe dị ka mana a ndị tụrụ egwu aka tupu ọkwa. Nsogbu nsogbu nsogbu bilitere na NLC na-akatọ ewepụ ahụ ma na-eme iwu ọhụrụ aka onye isi ala ọhụrụ.[4] N'agbata Ọgọstụ 1993 na Disemba 1993, NLC nke Bafyau na-ama aka na nnukwu ọgbaghara mba abụọ, nke mbụ bụ iji mee egwuregwu ịrị elu ọnụ ọnụ, ndị na-eri yana nri awụfu na nhọrọ nke nna oge. Ọgbaghara were ụbọchị atọ tupu a ike ya mgbe ngosi oku maka ikpe ụka. Mgbe ụnwụ abụọ gachara, ọbụghị mụbara ọnụ ndị poka nke mere ka NLC nnwere onwe ụka ma ike iji mee iwe site na nwanne nke ọgbaghara mba nke abụọ. Ọgbaghara a mechara daa mgbe ike na ọrịa.[5] N'afọ 1994, n'oge nsogbu ndị agha nke gbasara site na ịkagbu ọhụrụ aka onye isi ala nke June 12, Bafyau na-eke aka na-alụ ụka ya na ọdịiche ndị agha nke [[Sani Abacha]]. Ọ kpatakwara ma njọ na Abacha iji hapụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ndọrọ a ụzọ, MKO Abiola, onye a na-eche na ọ bụ onye mmeri nke aka ahụ. Bafyau nwetara nnwere onwe ịgbapụta nke dabeere na Abiola anaghị aga mba ọzọ, na-eme nzukọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ma na-edebe udo mana Abiola jụrụ ọnọdụ nke ịgbapụta ahụ. Mkparịta ụka ya na gọọmentị mekwara ka ụfọdụ ndị na-eme ngagharị iwe katọọ ya bụ ndị kwubiri na ya na gọọmenti ndị agha na-arụkọ ọrụ.<ref name=":1">Bamigbetan, Kehinde. Man of realism? December 26, 1994. ''TheWeek'' (Lagos)</ref> Na mgbakwunye, a na-ele idu ndú ya nke ndị ọrụ anya dị ka onye na-adịghị etinye aka na mmelite nke onye isi ala Abiola na ọtụtụ n'ime ọrụ ya dị ka ọrụ njem ọrụ, isi ụlọ ọrụ ọrụ ọrụ na ego onyinye ritere uru nke ukwuu site na ego gọọmentị.[7] == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} == Ebe e si nweta ya == * <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Ihonvbere|first=Julius O.|date=1997|title=Organized Labor and the Struggle for Democracy in Nigeria|journal=African Studies Review|volume=40|issue=3|pages=77–110|doi=10.2307/524967}}</ref> <references /> k5rznjwu2rerij42bfhqsz8w0wg50il 0 60422 632289 588980 2026-05-08T11:46:27Z Goodymaraj 21567 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:2|0|0 */ 632289 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faịlụ:Le_déluge_-_musée_de_beaux_arts_de_Nantes_20091017.jpg|thumb|''Iju Mmiri nke Noa na Ndị Enyi'' (ihe dị ka ) nke Léon Comerre dere]] Akụkọ idei mmiri nke Jenesis (isi nke 6-9 nke Akwụkwọ Jenesis) bụ Akụkọ ifo banyere idei mmiri nke ndị Hibru.[1] Ọ na-akọ banyere mkpebi Chineke iji weghachite eluigwe na ala n'ọnọdụ Ọgba aghara mmiri tupu okike ya ma mezigharịa ya site na microcosm nke [[Igbe Noa|Ụgbọ Noa]].[2] 7]O yikarịrị ka e dere Akwụkwọ Jenesis n’ihe dị ka narị afọ nke ise TOA; ọ bụ ezie na ụfọdụ ndị ọkà mmụta kwenyere na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke mbụ (isi 1–11), gụnyere ihe ndekọ iju mmiri ahụ, nwere ike ịbụ nke edere ma tinye ya na narị afọ nke atọ TOA. [3] [4] Ọ dabere na isi mmalite abụọ, nke a na-akpọ onye ụkọchukwu na ndị na-abụghị ndị ụkọchukwu ma ọ bụ isi mmalite nke Yahwist, na agbanyeghị na ọtụtụ nkọwa ya na-emegiderịta onwe ya, akụkọ ahụ jikọtara ọnụ.[5][6][7] Iju mmiri zuru ụwa ọnụ dị ka akọwara n'akụkọ ifo a ekwekọghị n'ihe nchoputa anụ ahụ nke geology, nkà mmụta ihe ochie, paleontology, na nkesa ụdị dị iche iche zuru ụwa ọnụ.[1] [peeji chọrọ] Alaka nke okike nke a maara dị ka idei mmiri geoloji bụ mbọ sayensị pseudo iji na-arụ ụka na oke ide mmiri zuru ụwa ọnụ mere n'ezie. Ụfọdụ Ndị Kraịst ahọrọwo ịkọwa akụkọ ahụ dị ka ịkọwa iju mmiri dị n'ógbè ahụ kama ịkọwa ihe omume zuru ụwa ọnụ. Ndị ọzọ na-ahọrọ ịkọwa akụkọ ahụ dị ka ihe atụ kama ịbụ akụkọ ihe mere eme.[2] == Nchịkọta == [[Faịlụ:Deluge (89393459).jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb|Iju Mmiri (1865) nke Gustave Doré dere]] Akụkọ banyere iju mmiri ahụ dị na isi 6-9 nke Akwụkwọ Jenesis, akwụkwọ mbụ nke [[Akwụkwọ Nsọ]]. Ọgbọ iri ka e kechara Adam, Chineke bụ́ Nna, jiri ike na ike ya mebie ihe o kere. “Ya mere, Chineke nyere iwu ka e wuo ụgbọ (n’asụsụ Hibru, arịa ma ọ bụ igbe), [[Njikọ̀taọ̀hà|Noa]] wee banye n’ime ya ụbọchị isii ka iju mmiri ahụ gasịrị, na n’ụbọchị nke iri nke iju mmiri ahụ, o chụrụ àjà na àjà, Chineke na Noa wee gbaa ndụ na a ga-ekwe ka mmadụ rie n’ime ihe ọ bụla dị ndụ, nakwa na Chineke ga-ebibi ihe niile dị ndụ.[14] == Ihe ndị mejupụtara ya == [[Faịlụ:Tissot_Building_the_Ark.jpg|thumb|''Building the Ark'' (watercolor {{circa|1896–1902}} by James Tissot)]] ][4]Nkwekọrịta n’etiti ndị ọkà mmụta nke oge a bụ na e dere Jenesis na narị afọ nke ise TOA, ma dị ka isiakwụkwọ iri na otu mbụ na-egosi ntakịrị njikọ na akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ, ụfọdụ ndị ọkà mmụta kwenyere na ọ pụrụ ịbụ na e dere akụkụ a (nke a na-akpọ akụkọ ihe mere eme) na narị afọ nke atọ TOA. {{efn|The controversial existence of a chiasm is not an argument against the construction of the story from two sources. See the overview in {{harvp|Friedman|1996|p=91}}|name="Chiasm"}} A na-ekwenyekarị na akụkọ ihe mere eme na-esite na isi mmalite abụọ, nke a na-akpọ isi iyi nke onye ụkọchukwu, nke ọzọ na-abụghị nke ụkọchukwu ma ọ bụ Yahwist, na ntinye aka ha na-egosi na okpukpu abụọ (ya bụ, ugboro ugboro) dị n'ime akụkọ ikpeazụ. Ọtụtụ n'ime ndị a na-emegiderịta onwe ha, dị ka ogologo oge iju mmiri ahụ dịruru (ụbọchị 40 dị ka , 150 dị ka ), anụmanụ ole ka a ga-ebuba n'ụgbọ ahụ (otu ụzọ abụọ n'ime nke ọ bụla, otu ụzọ abụọ nke anụmanụ na-adịghị ọcha na ụzọ asaa nke ndị dị ọcha n'ime ), na ma Noa wepụtara ugoloọma nke "gawara wee tụgharịa ruo mgbe mmiri ahụ takọrọ" ma ọ bụ n'oge nke atọ ọ ga-alaghachi ọzọ. Ma n'agbanyeghị esemokwu a na nkọwa nkọwa akụkọ ahụ na-eme ka ọnụ ọgụgụ dị n'otu (ụfọdụ ndị ọkà mmụta na-ahụ na ya "chiasm", nhazi akwụkwọ nke ihe mbụ dabara na nke ikpeazụ, nke abụọ na nke abụọ na nke ikpeazụ, na ihe ndị ọzọ)na e mewo ọtụtụ mgbalị iji kọwaa ịdị n'otu a, gụnyere mgbalị iji chọpụta nke n'ime isi mmalite abụọ ahụ bụ na mbụ ma ya mere emetụta nke ọzọ. Ụfọdụ ndị ọkà mmụta ajụọla ma akụkọ ahụ ọ dabeere n'ezie na isi mmalite abụọ dị iche iche, na-achọpụta na ụfọdụ n'ime okpukpu abụọ (dị ka nduru na ugoloọma) adịghị emegiderịta onwe ya na n'ezie na-apụta dị ka ihe jikọrọ ya na isi mmalite Akwụkwọ Nsọ na nke na-abụghị nke Akwụkwọ Nsọ, na usoro nke okpukpu abụọ bụ nke a na-ejighị n'aka n'ihi na ndị eboro ebubo n'onwe ha nwere okpukpu abụọ, nakwa na ụfọdụ ndị na-eme ihe nkiri na-ejikọta ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu na isi mmalite. edezi ederede na n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ iji ikwesị ntụkwasị obi na-echekwa nsụgharị na-emegiderịta onwe ya) n'ihi ihe edoghị anya. N'otu aka ahụ, akụkọ iju mmiri nke Jenesis zuru ezu dabara na akụkọ iju mmiri Gilgamesh yiri ya n'ụzọ nke ọ bụla n'ime akwụkwọ nsọ ndị a tụrụ aro na-emeghị.[1]. === Ebe e si nweta ya === Tebụl na-esonụ na-atụ aro Yahwist na Priestly sources.[18] Nke ọ bụla na-enye akụkọ zuru ezu, na mmeghe na nkwubi okwu, ihe kpatara idei mmiri ahụ, na nkà mmụta okpukpe. [19] {| class="wikitable" style="align: center;" ! style="width:10%;" |Amaokwu<br /> ! style="width:45%;" |Yahwist (ma ọ bụ ndị na-abụghị ndị ụkọchukwu) <br /> ! style="width:45%;" |Ndị ụkọchukwu<br /> |- style="text-align:center; background:#ffffec; vertical-align:top;" | style="text-align:center;" |6:5–8 | style="text-align:center;" |Mmalite: ajọ omume nke ihe a kpọrọ mmadụ, Chineke na-akwa ụta maka okike, na-ekwupụta mkpebi ibibi; ezi omume Noa. | style="text-align:centre;" | |- style="text-align:center; background:#ffffec; vertical-align:top;" | style="text-align:center;" |6:9–22 | style="text-align:center;" | | style="text-align:centre;" |Mmalite: Ezi omume Noa, ajọ omume mmadụ, mkpebi Chineke ibibi; Igbe akọwapụtara, Ọgbụgba ndụ akọwapụtara ya, 1 ụmụ anụmanụ abụọ, Noa na-eme dị ka Chineke nyere iwu. |- style="text-align:center; background:#ffffec; vertical-align:top;" | style="text-align:center;" |7:1–5 | style="text-align:center;" |7 abụọ nke anụmanụ dị ọcha, 1 abụọ na-adịghị ọcha; 7 ụbọchị iji chịkọta anụmanụ; Noa mere dị ka Chineke nyere iwu. | style="text-align:centre;" | |- style="text-align:center; background:#ffffec; vertical-align:top;" | style="text-align:center;" |7:6 | style="text-align:center;" | | style="text-align:centre;" |Afọ Noa: afọ 600 |- style="text-align:center; background:#ffffec; vertical-align:top;" | style="text-align:center;" |7:7–10 | style="text-align:center;" |Noa na ụmụ anụmanụ banyere n'ụgbọ ahụ mgbe ụbọchị 7 gasịrị | style="text-align:centre;" | |- style="text-align:center; background:#ffffec; vertical-align:top;" | style="text-align:center;" |7:11 | style="text-align:center;" | | style="text-align:centre;" |Afọ 600, ọnwa 2, ụbọchị 17: igwe na-agbaji, mmiri na-ada site n'elu ma na-arịgo site n'okpuru. |- style="text-align:center; background:#ffffec; vertical-align:top;" | style="text-align:center;" |7:12 | style="text-align:center;" |Mmiri na-ezo ụbọchị 40 na abalị 40. | style="text-align:centre;" | |- style="text-align:center; background:#ffffec; vertical-align:top;" | style="text-align:center;" |7:13-16a | style="text-align:center;" | | style="text-align:centre;" |Noa na ezinụlọ na ụmụ anụmanụ banyere n'Igbe ahụ n'otu ụbọchị ahụ idei mmiri malitere. |- style="text-align:center; background:#ffffec; vertical-align:top;" | style="text-align:center;" |7:16b-17 | style="text-align:center;" |Mmiri na-ebili ruo ụbọchị 40, Igbe ahụ malitere ịwụli elu. | style="text-align:centre;" | |- style="text-align:center; background:#ffffec; vertical-align:top;" | style="text-align:center;" |7:18–21 | style="text-align:center;" | | style="text-align:centre;" |Mmiri bilitere, ihe niile e kere eke mebiri. |- style="text-align:center; background:#ffffec; vertical-align:top;" | style="text-align:center;" |7:22–23 | style="text-align:center;" |E bibiri ihe nile e kere eke. | style="text-align:centre;" | |- style="text-align:center; background:#ffffec; vertical-align:top;" | style="text-align:center;" |7:24–8:5 | style="text-align:center;" | | style="text-align:centre;" |Idei mmiri na-ewe ụbọchị 150; Chineke na-echeta Noa, isi iyi na ọnụ ụzọ mmiri mechiri, mmiri na-agbadata; Ọnwa 7 ụbọchị 17, ala ụgbọ n'ugwu Ararat.<br /> |- style="text-align:center; background:#ffffec; vertical-align:top;" | style="text-align:center;" |8:6–12 | style="text-align:center;" |Mgbe ụbọchị 7 gasịrị Noa meghere windo, zipụ ugoloọma, nduru, nduru, ụbọchị 7 n'etiti ụgbọ elu | style="text-align:centre;" | |- style="text-align:center; background:#ffffec; vertical-align:top;" | style="text-align:center;" |8:13–19 | style="text-align:center;" | | style="text-align:centre;" |Afọ 601, ọnwa 1, ụbọchị 1: Noa meghere mkpuchi; ala malitere ịkpa; ọnwa 2, ụbọchị 27, ala kpọrọ nkụ pụtara, Noa na ezinụlọ na ụmụ anụmanụ na-apụ, ụmụ anụmanụ malitere ịmụba<br /> |- style="text-align:center; background:#ffffec; vertical-align:top;" | style="text-align:center;" |8:20–22 | style="text-align:center;" |Noa na-ewu ebe ịchụàjà, na-achụ anụmanụ dị ọcha n'àjà, Chineke na-esi ísì ụtọ, na-ekwe nkwa na ọ gaghị ebibi ọzọ. | style="text-align:centre;" | |- style="text-align:center; background:#ffffec; vertical-align:top;" | style="text-align:center;" |9:1–17 | style="text-align:center;" | | style="text-align:centre;" |Noa na ezinụlọ ya gwara ka ha mụbaa, nye ụmụ anụmanụ ka ha rie; Ọgbụgba ndụ guzobere, eke na egwurugwu dị ka ihe ịrịba ama, Chineke kwere nkwa na ha agaghị eju ọzọ. |} == Akụkọ ifo == Ndị ọkà mmụta kwenyere na akụkọ ifo ahụ sitere na Mesopotemia n'oge ochie nke Babilọn (ihe dị ka 1880-1595 TOA) wee rute Syro-Palestine na ọkara ikpeazụ nke narị afọ nke abụọ TOA.[20] Ihe odide ndị dị ugbu a na-egosi nsụgharị atọ dị iche iche, Sumerian Epic of Ziusudra, (nke kacha ochie, nke a chọtara n'ụdị mpempe akwụkwọ n'otu mbadamba nkume nke malitere na 1600 TOA, ọ bụ ezie na akụkọ ahụ n'onwe ya tọrọ), na dịka ihe ngosi na akụkọ akụkọ Akkadian abụọ, Atrahasis na Epic nke Gilgamesh.[21]. Aha dike ahụ, dịka nsụgharị ndị ahụ si dị, bụ Ziusudra, Atrahasis, ma ọ bụ Utnapishtim, ha niile bụ ọdịiche, ma ọ ga-ekwe omume na ụdị Utnapishtime/Utna'ishtim dị mkpụmkpụ dị ka "Na'ish" ka a na-akpọ "Mba" na Palestine.[22]. Ọtụtụ myirịta na-eme ka o doo anya na akụkọ iju mmiri Jenesis gbadoro ụkwụ na akụkọ Mesopotamia, ọkachasị Epic of Gilgamesh, nke e chere na ọ malitere c. 1300–1000 TOA.[23] == Oge nke idei mmiri == [[Faịlụ:The_Bow_of_Promise.jpg|thumb|Ihe osise nke akara eke na egwurugwu nke 1896 nke Chineke kere dị ka ihe ịrịba ama nke ọgbụgba ndụ]] Ọnụ ọgụgụ dị na Bible na-enwekarị ihe nnọchianya ma ọ bụ ihe atụ, ụbọchị 40 na abalị nke mmiri ozuzo dara n'ụwa na-egosi okirikiri zuru ezu.[24] Idei mmiri ahụ malitere n'ụbọchị nke iri na asaa nke ọnwa nke abụọ, Marcheshvan, mgbe "isi iyi nke nnukwu mmiri ahụ gbawara, e meghere ọnụ ụzọ mmiri nke eluigwe", mgbe ụbọchị iri anọ gachara, ụgbọ mmiri ahụ na-ese n'elu mmiri (Jenesis 7:11-12). Mmiri ahụ na-ebili ma na-alaghachi azụ, na ụbọchị nke iri na asaa nke ọnwa nke asaa (ma ọ bụ ụbọchị nke iri abụọ na asaa na nsụgharị Grik) ụgbọ ahụ na-ada n'ugwu (Jenesis 8:4). Mmiri ahụ na-aga n'ihu na-ada, a na-ekpughe igbe ahụ n'ụbọchị nke mbụ nke ọnwa nke afọ 601 nke Noa, a na'emeghe ya n'ụbọchị iri abụọ na asaa nke afọ 60 1 ya (Jenesis 8:13-14). [26] Oge site na mmalite nke idei mmiri ruo n'ịda n'ugwu ahụ bụ ọnwa ise (ọnwa nke abụọ ruo nke asaa, Jenesis 7:11 na 8:4) na ụbọchị 150 (8:3), na-eme ka ọnwa ise na-agaghị ekwe omume nke ụbọchị 30 ọ bụla; ọnụ ọgụgụ ahụ bụ atụmatụ, ma dabere na kalenda mbara igwe nke Babilọn nke ụbọchị 360 (12 ọnwa nke ụbọchị 30 nke ọ bụla).[27] Nke a pụtara na idei mmiri ahụ na-ewe izu 36 dịka kalenda idei mmiri si dị, nke a na-agbakwunye ụbọchị ọzọ na ọnwa atọ ọ bụla.[28] Ọnụ ọgụgụ izu dị ịrịba ama n'ụzọ ihe atụ, na-anọchite anya cypher nke Bible maka mbibi (nọmba 6, gosipụtara dị ka 6x6=36), ebe ọnụọgụ 7 (ọnụ ọgụgụ ụbọchị n'ime izu) na-anọchi anya nnọgidesi ike nke okike n'oge mbibi a.[28] Ọ dịla anya ndị ọkà mmụta na-enwe mgbagwoju anya banyere mkpa idei mmiri ahụ dị otu afọ na ụbọchị iri na otu (ụbọchị iri na asaa nke afọ 600 ruo ụbọchị iri abụọ na asaa nke ọnwa 601); otu ihe ngwọta bụ na kalenda bụ nke ọnwa nke ụbọchị 354, nke agbakwunyere ụbọchị iri na isii iji kwekọọ n'afọ anyanwụ nke ụbọchị 365.[29] Akụkọ "nke mbụ", nke Jahwist banyere Iju Mmiri Ukwu ahụ dị ala; otu izu nke mmiri ozuzo na-abụghị nke eluigwe na-esochi idei mmiri nke ụbọchị iri anọ nke na-ewe naanị otu izu iji laghachi azụ iji nye Noa ọkwa ya maka ọgbụgba ndụ Chineke. Ọ bụ isi iyi Priest nke na-agbakwunye ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị ọzọ dị egwu nke idei mmiri nke ụbọchị 150, nke sitere n'aka Chineke site n'eluigwe na ụwa wee were ọnwa iri iji kwụsị n'ikpeazụ. Na ihe ngosi dị mfe nke isi iyi Jahwist nke dị mfe na nke dị mfe nke Yahweh dị iche na isi iyi Priestly nke dị ebube, nke karịrị, na nke siri ike nke Yahweh.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Gilbert|first=Christopher|title=A Complete Introduction to the Bible|publisher=Paulist Press|year=2009|isbn=9780809145522|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q9XUv3KAVIUC&pg=PA34}}</ref> <ref> {{Cite journal|author=Darshan|first=Guy|date=2016|title=The Calendrical Framework of the Priestly Flood Story in Light of a New Akkadian Text from Ugarit (RS 94.2953)|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7817/jameroriesoci.136.3.0507|journal=Journal of the American Oriental Society|volume=136|issue=3|pages=507–514|doi=10.7817/jameroriesoci.136.3.0507|issn=0003-0279}}</ref>Akụkọ gbasara idei mmiri nke Ụkọchukwu bụ naanị ihe odide Akwụkwọ Nsọ nke ji ọtụtụ nkọwa kpuchie ụbọchị tupu akụkọ Ọpụpụ. Nke a nwere ike ịbụ n'ihi ụdị akụkọ ifo iju mmiri ahụ dị n'oge ahụ. Onwere ihe edere n’aka Ugarit nke a na-akpọ RS 94.2953, nke nwere ahịrị iri na anọ na-akọ akụkọ onye mbụ gbasara etu Ea siri pụta n’ihu onye akụkọ akụkọ ahụ wee nye ya iwu ka o jiri ngwaọrụ rụọ windo (aptu) n’elu ụlọ ahụ ọ na-ewu, na otu o siri mejuputa ntuziaka a wee wepụta nnụnụ. Nsụgharị a nke Antoine Cavigneaux mere ka o kwuo na iberibe a bụ nke akụkọ ifo iju mmiri nke Mesopotemia, ikekwe Atrahasis ma ọ bụ Tablet IX nke Gilgamesh, nke nwere nsụgharị a chọtara na Ugarit (RS 22.421) nke nwere akụkọ mmadụ mbụ banyere iju mmiri ahụ. Ọ bụrụ na ntụnye a ziri ezi, ya mere RS 94.2953 na-anọchi anya ụdị pụrụ iche nke akụkọ iju mmiri Mesopotemia. Ahịrị 1 nke ederede na-ekwu "Na mmalite nke oge ọdịda nke ọnwa, na mmalite nke ọnwa". Ntụaka a maka ụbọchị ọnwa na-enye kpọmkwem ụbọchị onye protagonist wepụtara nnụnụ ahụ dị ịrịba ama n'ihi na ọ bụ nanị ọdịiche dị iche iche nke akụkọ iju mmiri ahụ na-enye otu ụbọchị ma ndị ọzọ anaghị ekwu kpọmkwem ụbọchị ma ọ bụ nkọwa kalenda na ọkwa dị iche iche nke iju mmiri ahụ. Ma RS 94.2953 na Jenesis 8 na-ekwu banyere onye na-akwado idei mmiri ahụ na-ahapụ nnụnụ n'otu akara ụbọchị ka ọ chọta ala n'etiti iju mmiri ahụ.[1] == Nkà mmụta okpukpe: idei mmiri na akụkọ okike == [[Faịlụ:Cornelisz_Humanité_(2004_1_58).jpg|thumb|;Mmebi nke ihe a kpọrọ mmadụ tupu idei mmiri ahụ (1615) site n'aka Cornelis van Haarlem]] Akụkọ ihe mere eme bụ nke mbụ na nke kachasị mkpa banyere ụwa Chineke mere, mmalite ya, ndị bi na ya, ebumnuche, ihe ịma aka, na ọdịda.[32] Ọ na-ajụ ihe mere ụwa nke Chineke mere ji ezughị oke na ihe ime ihe ike na ihe ọjọọ pụtara, ihe ngwọta ya gụnyere echiche nke ọgbụgba ndụ, iwu, na mgbaghara.[33] Akụkọ okike nke Jenesis (Jenesis 1-2) na-ekwu maka okike Chineke na nchegharị Chineke bụ ihe kpatara akụkọ idei mmiri ahụ, na isi iyi ndị ụkọchukwu (nke na-agafe Jenesis niile na akwụkwọ anọ ndị ọzọ nke Torah) ngwaa abụọ a, "mepụta" na "mgbaghara", echekwara naanị maka omume Chineke.[34] Intertextuality bụ ụzọ akụkọ Bible si akọwa ma gosipụta ibe ha. Mmetụta ndị dị otú ahụ anaghị adịkarị na mberede - dịka ọmụmaatụ, okwu e ji mee ihe maka ''Ụgbọ mmiri'' bụ otu okwu ahụ e ji mee maka nkata nke a zọpụtara [[Mozis]], na-egosi nkwekọrịta dị n'etiti akụkọ nke ndị nzọpụta abụọ Chineke họọrọ n'ụwa nke mmiri na ọgba aghara na-eyi egwu.[35] Ihe kachasị mkpa dị otú ahụ bụ ntụgharị nke akụkọ okike nke Jenesis; e wepụrụ nkewa dị n'etiti "mmiri dị n'elu" na "mmiri ndị dị n'okpuru" ụwa, mmiri jupụtara n'ala kpọrọ nkụ, a na-ebibi ọtụtụ ndụ, ọ bụ naanị Noa na ndị ya na ha nọgidere na-adị ndụ iji rubere iwu Chineke isi "na-amị mkpụrụ ma mụbaa".[36] Iju Mmiri ahụ bụ mmalite na ọgwụgwụ nke ihe Chineke kere n’ụwa.[37] N'usoro ihe omume idei mmiri nke Gen. gosipụtara na akụkọ okike, iju mmiri ahụ wesara ụwa ruo ugwu, na-ebibi, n'usoro, anụmanụ, anụ ụlọ, "ihe e kere eke na-eme ka mmadụ dị ọkụ"[38]. (Nke a yiri iju mmiri ahụ dị na Epic of Gilgamesh, bụ́ ebe n’ọgwụgwụ iju mmiri ahụ “a hụrụ ọzọ n’ụrọ,” ihe e ji rụọ ya.) Igbe ahụ n’onwe ya bụkwa microcosm nke ndị nsọ Solomon.[39] == Omenala == == ndị e mesịrị mee == === Ndị Juu === N'Akụkọ ọdịnala ndị Juu, mmehie ndị dị n'ụwa nke antediluvian gụnyere nkwulu, omume anwansi na igbochi ndị ahịa ọhụrụ inweta uru. Ụmụaka nwekwara ikike ikwu okwu na ịga ije ozugbo amụrụ ma lụso ndị mmụọ ọjọọ ọgụ. Mgbe idei mmiri ahụ malitere, Chineke mere ka mmiri ozuzo ọ bụla gafee Gehenna tupu ọ daa n'ụwa ruo ụbọchị iri anọ ka o wee kpọọ akpụkpọ ndị mmehie ọkụ. Ọ bụ ntaramahụhụ nke dabara na mpụ ha n'ihi na dị ka mmiri ozuzo, ọchịchọ mmekọahụ nke ụmụ mmadụ mere ka ha na-ekpo ọkụ ma na-enwu ọkụ na omume rụrụ arụ. === Iso Ụzọ Kraịst === Iju mmiri nke Jenesis na Agba Ochie nke Akwụkwọ Nsọ (lee Akwụkwọ Nsọ). Njikọ ya na ndị ozi na iju mmiri ahụ n’ime ihe odide agba ọhụrụ (Matiu 24:37-39, Luk 17:26–27, 1 Pita 3:20, 2 Pita 2:5, 2 Pita 3:6, Ndị Hibru 11:7).[1] [2] Ụfọdụ ndị ọkà mmụta Akwụkwọ Nsọ na-ekwu na iju mmiri ahụ bụ iju mmiri nkịtị - Chineke kere Igbe ahụ ma tinye ọnụ ụzọ n'ime Igbe ahụ, nke yiri ọnụ ụzọ n'ọnụ ụzọ. [1]. Iju Mmiri ahụ liri ụwa ochie ma mee ka Noa dịrị ndụ ọhụrụ.[3][1] Iju mmiri ahụ pụtakwara na 1 Pita 3:18–22 dịka ụdị baptizim. [1][4][5] === Gnosticism === Na narị afọ nke atọ Ndị Gnostic codex nke a na-akpọ ugbu a [[Archon (Gnosticism)|Archons]]" id="mwAdM" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Hypostasis of the Archons">Hypostasis nke Archons, ọ bụ ndị ọchịchị rụrụ arụ (Archons) kpebiri [[Iba|ịba]] ụba n'ụwa iji kpochapụ ihe ka ọtụtụ n'ime ihe a kpọrọ mmadụ. Otú ọ dị, a zọpụtara Noa ma gwa ya ka ọ rụọ ụgbọ mmiri. Mana mgbe nwunye ya Norea chọrọ ịbanye n'ụgbọ ahụ, Noa gbalịrị ịghara ikwe ka ọ ghara, ya mere o jiri ike chi ya na-afụ ụgbọ ahụ, na-eme ka ọkụ gbaa ya. Noa mechara wuo ụgbọ mmiri ahụ nke ugboro abụọ. Mgbe ndị Archons nwara ijide Norea, ọ kpọrọ Chineke maka enyemaka, mgbe ahụ mmụọ ozi ElEleth pụtara ma chụpụ ndị Archons, na-ekpughere Norea na ọ bụ nwa chi nke mmụọ ukwu ahụ. A na-ahụ echiche dị iche na Akwụkwọ Nzuzo nke Jọn; kama ịbụ ụgbọ mmiri, Noa zoro n'ígwé ojii na-egbuke egbuke.<ref>{{Cite book|author=[[Marvin Meyer]]|title=The Gnostic Bible|publisher=[[Shambhala Publications|Shambhala]]|chapter=The Reality of the Rulers (The Hypostasis of the Archons) and The Secret Book of John|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1SEFmwEACAAJ|year=2009|isbn=9781590306314|accessdate=2022-02-07}}</ref> === Okpukpe Mandae === Mandaeism na-akụzi na idei mmiri nke Noa bụ nke ikpeazụ n'ime ihe atọ mere ebe ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị bi n'ụwa belatara ka ọ bụrụ otu ezinụlọ. Ọgbọ iri atọ mgbe Adam gasịrị, ọrịa na agha gburu ọtụtụ n'ime ndị bi na ya, na-ahapụ naanị Ram na nwunye ya Rud. Ọgbọ iri abụọ na ise ka e mesịrị, ọkụ gbara ọtụtụ n'ime ndị bi ebe ahụ, na-ahapụ naanị Shurbai na nwunye ya Sharhabeil. Ọgbọ iri na ise ka e mesịrị, idei mmiri gburu ihe ka ọtụtụ n'ime ndị bi na ya, na-ahapụ naanị Noa na Shem, <ref name="ginza-alsaadi-r2-1">{{Cite book|chapter=Book Two, 1st Glorification: Upon Each Faithful Mandaean, I Will Place My Right Hand|pages=18–19|title=[[Ginza Rabba]]|edition=2nd|location=Germany|year=2019|publisher=Drabsha}}</ref> na mgbakwunye na nwunye nke ikpeazụ Nuraitha. <ref name="ginza-alsaadi-r19">{{Cite book|chapter=Book Nineteen: The Deluge|pages=203–204|title=[[Ginza Rabba]]|edition=2nd|location=Germany|year=2019|publisher=Drabsha}} [Note: this book, or a larger text containing it, is numbered book 18 in some other editions.]</ref> A zọpụtara Noa na ezinụlọ ya n'ihi na ha nwere ike iwu ụgbọ mmiri ma ọ bụ ''kawila'' (ma ọ bụ ''kauila'', okwu Mandaik; ọ bụ ihe jikọrọ ya na Syriac ''Khe'wilā'', nke a kwadoro na Agba Ọhụrụ Peshitta, dị ka Matiu 24:38 na Luk 17:27). <ref name="Häberl 2022">{{Cite book|author=Häberl|first=Charles|url=https://www.liverpooluniversitypress.co.uk/doi/book/10.3828/9781800856271|title=The Book of Kings and the Explanations of This World: A Universal History from the Late Sasanian Empire|location=Liverpool|publisher=Liverpool University Press|date=2022|isbn=978-1-80085-627-1|doi=10.3828/9781800856271}}</ref> === Alakụba === Akụkọ Noa na Iju Mmiri Ukwu ahụ kọrọ na kor'an na surah ''Nūḥ'' . == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == Ndị ọkà mmụta na ndị na-eme ihe na-ewere ụdị iju mmiri ahụ ugbu a dị ka oke na / ma ọ bụ na-ahụ anya na-enwe obi abụọ. [1]. Enweghị ihe akaebe nke nnukwu ọdachi nke ndu n'oge ahụ (~ 2,500 BC) ma n'etiti ụmụ mmadụ ma ọ bụ ụdị ndị ọzọ; Otú ọ dị, ọ bụrụ na ndị na-eme nchọpụta banyere ide mmiri ga-adabere n'ihe ha chọpụtara na ihe ndị mere n'oge gara aga ma guzobe ntọala n'etiti ìgwè mmadụ, ụfọdụ ihe omume dị ka echiche idei mmiri nke Oké Osimiri Ojii nwere ike inye nkọwa akụkọ ihe mere eme maka iju mmiri ahụ. Iju mmiri na-ahapụ ọtụtụ usoro ala ama ama: Channeled Scablands dị n'akụkụ ọwụwa anyanwụ nke steeti Washington bụ usoro mmiri ozuzo [1] nke e guzobere site na ike nke ikuku glacial na mpaghara ahụ, nke ikpeazụ mere n'etiti 18,200 na 14,000 afọ gara aga.[2] [3] Akụkụ ọzọ nke ala nke e kwenyere na nnukwu idei mmiri mere bụ Tsangpo Gorge na Tibet. Dị ka ọ dị na Channeled Scablands nke steeti Washington, a kwenyere na ọganihu nke ihe mgbochi ice kpughere nnukwu mmiri na mberede iji mepụta ndagwurugwu ahụ n'etiti 600 na 900 AD. Ụfọdụ na-ejikọkwa mgbanwe ihu igwe metụtara Piora Oscillation, nke kpatara ọdịda nke Oge Uruk, na akụkọ ifo nke idei mmiri nke Bible. Nghọta dị ugbu a banyere idei mmiri nke prehistoric catclysmic site na Ugwu Altai bụ na ọtụtụ ọdọ mmiri glacial na-agbawa site na Ugodo Altai kpatara nnukwu idei mmiri n'akụkụ Osimiri Katun (n'ime Altai Republic nke oge a) n'oge ụfọdụ n'etiti 12000 BC na 9000 BC, <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ice.tsu.ru/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=366:sedimentary-effects-of-cataclysmic-late-pleistocene-glacial-outburst-flooding-altay-mountains-siberia&catid=71:2011-06-14-11-56-27&Itemid=122|title=Rudoy, A.N., Baker, V. R. ''Sedimentary effects of cataclysmic late Pleistocene glacial outburst flooding, Altay Mountains, Siberia'' // Sedimentary Geology, 85 (1993) 53–62.|accessdate=2011-10-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110915080218/http://ice.tsu.ru/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=366:sedimentary-effects-of-cataclysmic-late-pleistocene-glacial-outburst-flooding-altay-mountains-siberia&catid=71:2011-06-14-11-56-27&Itemid=122|archivedate=2011-09-15}}</ref> dị ka egosiri site n'eziokwu ahụ bụ na ọtụtụ n'ime gravel ndị dị n'akụkụ ndagwurugwu Katun enweghị usoro stratigraphic, kama na-egosi njirimara nke nkwụsị ozugbo na ọgba aghara.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ice.tsu.ru/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=366:sedimentary-effects-of-cataclysmic-late-pleistocene-glacial-outburst-flooding-altay-mountains-siberia&catid=71:2011-06-14-11-56-27&Itemid=122|title=Rudoy, A.N., Baker, V. R. ''Sedimentary effects of cataclysmic late Pleistocene glacial outburst flooding, Altay Mountains, Siberia'' // Sedimentary Geology, 85 (1993) 53–62.|accessdate=2011-10-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110915080218/http://ice.tsu.ru/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=366:sedimentary-effects-of-cataclysmic-late-pleistocene-glacial-outburst-flooding-altay-mountains-siberia&catid=71:2011-06-14-11-56-27&Itemid=122|archivedate=2011-09-15}}</ref> N'afọ 2020, ndị ọkà mmụta ihe ochie sere ihe nkiri tsunami nke bibiri ebe Pre-Pottery Neolithic B na Tel Dor, Israel, ka ọ na-aga n'etiti kilomita 3.5 na 1.5 n'ime ime obodo. Oke mmiri ozuzo ahụ dị ihe dị ka mita iri na isii n'ịdị elu. Mmetụta dị na mpaghara ndị ọzọ dị ịrịba ama mana, n'ozuzu ya, ọ dịghị emetụta mmepeanya Levantine.[1] Ọ bụ ezie na a naghị ele oké mmiri ozuzo ahụ anya dị ka idei mmiri nke Akwụkwọ Nsọ, e kwenyere na ọ so kpata akụkọ ifo iju mmiri ahụ a chọtara n’ọtụtụ ọdịbendị. === Ọdịdị ala nke idei mmiri ===   Mmepe nke sayensị mbara igwe nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na echiche nke ide mmiri nke Akwụkwọ Nsọ site n'ịgbanwe usoro oge nke Akwụkwọ Nsọ, bụ nke kwere ka e mee ka ihe okike na ihe omume idei mmiri laghachi azụ puku afọ ole na ole n'oge akụkọ ihe mere eme. N'afọ 1823, onye ọkà mmụta banyere ọdịdị ala tupu Iju Mmiri ahụ bụ William Buckland lere ụwa anya dị ka Reliquiæ Diluvianæ (ihe ndekọ nke iju mmiri ahụ) "ihe àmà nke iju mmiri zuru ụwa ọnụ". Ndị ọzọ nọ n'otu oge ahụ, dị ka ọkà mmụta banyere mbara ala Adam Sedgwick, na ka ọ na-erule afọ 1830, Sedgwick lere ụwa anya dị ka nanị ihe àmà nke iju mmiri. Louis Agassiz mesịrị biri na echiche nke Na 1862, William Thomson (emesịa Lord Kelvin) gbakọrọ afọ nke Ụwa dị n'agbata afọ 24 na 400, na n'ime oge fọdụrụ na narị afọ nke 19, arụmụka ahụ elekwasịghị anya na nkwupụta nke oge miri emi nke a ziri ezi, kama na e nwere atụmatụ ziri ezi maka afọ nke Ụwa.[1] Lux Mundi, bụ́ akwụkwọ nkà mmụta okpukpe e bipụtara na 1889 bụ́ nke gosipụtara ụzọ dị oké egwu na Bible, weere ọnọdụ na ndị na-agụ akwụkwọ kwesịrị ịdabere n’Oziọma ndị ahụ dị ka akụkọ ihe mere eme zuru ezu, ma ekwesịghị iwere isiakwụkwọ mbụ nke Jenesis n’ụzọ nkịtị.[2] Site n'ụzọ dị iche iche, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị ekpebiwo na Ụwa dị ihe dị ka ijeri afọ 4.54. [3][4][5][6] Geology nke idei mmiri (ihe pseudoscience nke na-emegide ọtụtụ ụkpụrụ na nchọpụta nke eziokwu na ngalaba nke geology, stratigraphy, geophysics, physics, paleontology, biology, anthropology, na archaeology na mgbalị ịkọwa ma dozie ihe ndị metụtara ala n'ụwa dịka nghọta nkịtị nke akụkọ idei mmiri Jenesis si dị) <ref>{{Cite book|author=Piccardi|first=L.|title=Myth and Geology|publisher=[[Geological Society]]|location=London|year=2007|isbn=978-1-86239-216-8}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book|author=Livingstone|first=David|authorlink=David N. Livingstone|title=Evangelicals and Science in Historical Perspective|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|year=1999|isbn=978-0-19-511557-4|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_4K720YRj88C&q=Evangelicals+and+Science+in+Historical+Perspective}}</ref> nwere ike ịchọta ọbụna "ndị edemede ederede, otu ndị edemede dịgasị iche iche site na mmalite narị afọ nke iri na itoolu, nke ọtụtụ n'ime ha enweghị mmetụta ọ bụla, nke enweghịkwa na gburugburu okpukpe ọ bụla, ndị na-enweghị mmetụta ọ bụla.[11][9][75][76][77][78][79] Ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị nke oge ha leghaara echiche nke ndị edemede a anya.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Rudwick|first=Martin J. S.|authorlink=Martin J. S. Rudwick|title=The Great Devonian Controversy|year=1988|isbn=978-0-226-73102-5|pages=42–44|publisher=Springer}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Worlds before Adam|first=Martin J. S.|author=Rudwick|authorlink=Martin J. S. Rudwick|year=2008|isbn=978-0-226-73128-5|publisher=University of Chicago Press}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Wood|first=Paul|title=Science and Dissent in England, 1688–1945|publisher=Ashgate|location=Aldershot|year=2004|isbn=978-0-7546-3718-9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vPWTn9DNBMEC&q=science+and+Dissent+in+England,+1688-1945}}</ref> A leghaara ala nke idei mmiri anya na narị afọ nke iri na itoolu, mana onye Seventh-day Adventist George McCready Price mere ka ọ dịghachi ndụ na narị afọ de 20, <ref>{{Cite book|author=Young|first=Davis A.|title=The Bible, rocks, and time : geological evidence for the age of the earth|year=2008|publisher=IVP Academic|location=Downers Grove, Ill.|isbn=978-0-8308-2876-0}}</ref> onye ọhụụ Ellen G. White kpaliri. Ka ọrụ Price na-aga n'ihu, ọ nwetara nlebara anya n'èzí òtù Seventh-day Adventist, na 1929 ọ bụ onye edemede sayensị a ma ama n'etiti ndị Kraịst, ọ bụ ezie na ndị na-abụghị ndị Seventh'day Adventists jụrụ echiche ụwa ya.<ref name="Numbers 1993 https://archive.org/details/creationistsevol0000numb/page/72 72">{{Cite book|first=Ronald L.|author=Numbers|title=The Creationists|url=https://archive.org/details/creationistsevol0000numb|year=1993|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-08393-6}}</ref> N'etiti narị afọ nke 20, n'agbanyeghị arụmụka n'etiti ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị Protestant Christian, <ref name="Numbers 1993 https://archive.org/details/creationistsevol0000numb/page/72 72" /> Iju Mmiri na-aga n'ihu n'etiti gburugburu Ndị Kraịst.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Kulp|first=J. Laurence|authorlink=J. Laurence Kulp|title=Deluge Geology|journal=Journal of the American Scientific Affiliation|volume=2|issue=1|pages=1–15|year=1950|url=http://www.asa3.org/aSA/PSCF/1950/JASA3-50Kulp.html|accessdate=2007-11-23}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.asa3.org/ASA/PSCF/1993/PSCF12-93Yang.html|title=Radiocarbon Dating and American Evangelical Christians|author=Yang|first=Seung-Hun|accessdate=2009-01-12|year=1993}}</ref> Ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme Ronald Numbers na-ekwu na njikọ echiche nke Ndị Kraịst na-ekwusa ozi ọma chọrọ ịma akụkụ nke nkwekọrịta sayensị ha kwenyere na ha na-emegide nkọwa ha nke ederede okpukpe bụ nke mbụ e guzobere site na mbipụta nke akwụkwọ 1961, The Genesis Flood.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Numbers, Ronald L.|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69734583|title=The creationists : from scientific creationism to intelligent design|year=2006|isbn=0-674-02339-0|edition=Expanded, First Harvard University Press paperback|location=Cambridge, MA|publisher=Harvard University Press|oclc=69734583}}</ref> Ọtụtụ ngalaba sayensị, ọkachasị ndị na-emegide geology nke idei mmiri, na-adabere na ụkpụrụ Charles Lyell guzobere nke uniformitarianism, nke a hụrụ ka ọ dị iche na ọdachi nke dị na geology nke iju mmiri. Otú ọ dị, site na nchọpụta nke ihe akaebe maka ụfọdụ ọdachi, a na-anabata ihe omume ndị yiri ndị nke akụkọ idei mmiri nwere ike ịdabere na ha dịka o kwere mee n'ime usoro zuru oke.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Ager|first=Derek V.|title=The Nature of the Stratigraphical Record|edition=3rd|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|date=1993|location=Chichester, New York, Brisbane, Toronto, Singapore|pages=83–84|isbn=0-471-93808-4}} </ref> N'ihe gbasara ike ala, uniformitarianism na-akọwa mmepụta nke ihe ndị dị n'ụwa site na ike ndị na-adịghị arụ ọrụ nke ọma a na-ahụ taa. === Ụdị nkesa === 10]Ka ọ na-erule narị afọ nke iri na asaa, ndị kwere ekwe na ndekọ Jenesis chere ihe ịma aka nke ịgagharị ụwa ọhụrụ ihu na ịmụtakwu banyere nkesa zuru ụwa ọnụ nke ụdị ochie na ihe omume nke ndụ site n’otu ebe dị na ndagwurugwu Ugwu Ararat. Azịza doro anya bụ na ụmụ mmadụ gbasara na kọntinent ndị ọzọ mgbe e bibisịrị Ụlọ Elu Bebel ma bute anụmanụ na ha, ma ụfọdụ n'ime ihe si na ya pụta yiri ihe ijuanya. Na 1646, Sir Thomas Browne jụrụ ihe mere ndị bi n’Ebe Ugwu America ji weta agwọ, ma ọ bụghị ịnyịnya, sị: “Otú America si jupụta n’anụ ọhịa nke anụ oriri na anụ ọhịa na-egbu egbu, bụ́ ndị ịnyịnya na-adịchaghị nta n’ime ha, dị nnọọ ịtụnanya.” [10] <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5D;-</sup> Browne, otu n'ime ndị mbụ na-eche echiche nke Age of Enlightenment, bụ nna na onye ọkụ-na-echeta ihe mere echiche a gafere. Otú ọ dị, ndị ọkà mmụta Bible n’oge ahụ, dị ka Justus Lipsius (1547-1606) na Athanasius Kircher (n’ihe dị ka 1601-1680), chịkwaara mmetụta nke Igbe ahụ n’ụzọ siri ike ka ha nwara ime ka Bible na akụkọ ihe mere eme na-amụbawanye amụba. Echiche ndị a rụpụtara nyere ihe ndabere dị mkpa maka ọmụmụ gbasara nkesa ala osisi na anụmanụ, ma mee ka ọ pụta ìhè Biogeography na mmalite narị afọ nke 18. Ndị ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme egosila njikọ dị n'etiti ihu igwe na anụmanụ na osisi ndị bi na ha. Otu echiche bụ na mpaghara Ararat nke Akwụkwọ Nsọ nwere ọnọdụ ihu igwe dị iche iche, ka ihu igwe na-agbanwekwa, anụmanụ ndị nọchiri anya ya kwagara, mechaa gbasaa iji jikọta ụwa.[10] [ibe achọrọ] Enwekwara nsogbu nke ọnụ ọgụgụ na-arịwanye elu nke ụdị ndị a ma ama: maka Kircher na ndị ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme mbụ, ọ dị ntakịrị ihe isi ike ịchọta ohere maka ụdị anụmanụ niile a ma ama na Igbe ahụ. [92] Ka ọ na-erule etiti narị afọ nke iri na asatọ, ọ bụ nanị ndị ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme ole na ole nabatara nkọwa zuru ezu nke akụkọ ahụ.[75] == Hụkwa == == Ihe edeturu == <nowiki> == Edensibia == === Ihe ndị e dere n'akwụkwọ === === Akwụkwọ === == Ịgụ ihe ọzọ == [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] qb8v3m7or2c3ucozlan1l9155bbd08w 0 60684 632271 209657 2026-05-08T06:11:33Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 632271 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lawal Muhammadu Idirisu''', (amụrụ na Eprel 24, 1957), bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Naịjirịa nke nọchitere anya Ajaokuta Federal Constituency na Kogi Steeti dịka onye otu ụlọ ndị nnọchiteanya. N'ịbụ onye jikọtara ya na All Progressives Congress (APC), ọ rụrụ ọrụ site na 2015 ruo 2019 ma họpụtaghachi ya maka 2019 ruo 2023.<ref>{{Cite web|title=National Assembly {{!}} Federal Republic of Nigeria|url=https://nass.gov.ng/mps/single/472|accessdate=2025-01-07|work=nass.gov.ng}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Citizen Science Nigeria|url=https://citizensciencenigeria.org/public-offices/persons/lawal-muhammadu-idirisu|accessdate=2025-01-07|work=citizensciencenigeria.org|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Legislator Details - ConsTrack Track and Report on Governement Funded Projects in Nigeria|url=https://www.constrack.ng/legislator_details?id=214|accessdate=2025-01-07|work=www.constrack.ng|archivedate=2025-01-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250125060741/https://www.constrack.ng/legislator_details?id=214}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=admin|date=2023-01-19|title=Ajaokuta Reps: Call to Declare My Seat Vacant Laughable - Lawal|url=https://kogireports.com/ajaokuta-reps-call-to-declare-my-seat-vacant-laughable-lawal/|accessdate=2025-01-07|work=:: Kogi Reports|language=en-GB}}</ref> == Edensibịa == {{Reflist}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 0dthj8xx3ze5c3kxunbpznzxgkj2jod 0 66695 632274 515378 2026-05-08T08:14:55Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 632274 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Linda Joy Svoboda Allen''' bụ ọkà mmụta mgbakọ na mwepụ na mgbakọ na mwepụ nke America, Paul Whitfield Horn Prọfesọ nke mgbakọ na mwepụ na Statistics na Mahadum Texas Tech.{{R|ttu-skl}} == Agụmakwụkwọ na ọrụ == Allen nwetara nzere bachelọ na mgbakọ na mwepụ na 1975 site na kọleji St. Scholastica, na nzere masta na 1978 na doctorate na 1978 site na Mahadum Tennessee.{{R|cv}} Thomas G. Hallam lekọtara akwụkwọ edemede ya, Applications of Differential Inequalities to Persistence and Extinction Problems for Reaction-Diffusion Systems.{{R|cv|mgp}} Mgbe ọ rụsịrị ọrụ dị ka onye nnyemaaka nleta nleta na Mahadum Tennessee, ọ sonyere na ngalaba nke Mahadum North Carolina na Asheville na 1982, wee kwaga Texas Tech na 1985.{{R|cv}} == Nkwado == Na 2015, Association for Women in Mathematics and Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM) kwanyere ya ugwu dị ka AWM-SIAM Sonia Kovalevsky Lecturer "maka onyinye pụtara ìhè na nha nhata dị iche iche, nha dị iche na ụdị stochastic, yana ngwa dị mkpa na mpaghara ọrịa na-efe efe na gburugburu ebe obibi".{{R|ttu-skl}} N'afọ 2016 ọ ghọrọ onye SIAM Fellow. {{R|ttu-sf|siam16}} == Akwụkwọ == Allen bụ onye dere akwụkwọ atọ: * Nkwupụta maka usoro Stochastic na ngwa na Biology (Pearson, 2003; mbipụta nke abụọ, 2011) {{R|miao}} * Nkwupụta maka mgbakọ na mwepụ Biology (Prentice Hall, 2007) {{R|akman}} * Population stochastic na Epidemic Models: Persistence and Extinction (Springer, 2015). == Ihe odide == {{Reflist|refs=<ref name=akman>{{citation | last = Akman | first = Füsun | date = January 2014 | doi = 10.1080/23737867.2014.11414475 | issue = 2 | journal = Letters in Biomathematics | pages = 127–137 | title = How to utilize L. J. S. Allen's ''An Introduction to Mathematical Biology'' in a biomathematics course | volume = 1| doi-access = free }}</ref> <ref name=cv>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170618195022/http://www.math.ttu.edu/~lallen/AbbrevVita.html Abbreviated Vita], retrieved 2017-07-01</ref> <ref name=mgp>{{mathgenealogy|id=3867}}</ref> <ref name=miao>Reviews of ''An Introduction to Stochastic Processes with Applications to Biology'': *{{citation|title=none|first1=Seema|last1=Nanda|first2=Louis|last2=Gross|journal=SIAM Review|volume=46|issue=3|date=September 2004|pages=583–584|jstor=20453553}} *{{citation|title=none|year=2011|journal=Mathematical Reviews|first=Hongyu|last=Miao|mr=2560499}} *{{citation|title=Review|date=January 2012|journal=MAA Reviews|url=https://www.maa.org/press/maa-reviews/an-introduction-to-stochastic-processes-with-applications-to-biology|first=Kathy|last=Temple|access-date=2025-10-04|archive-date=2019-07-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190702174600/https://www.maa.org/press/maa-reviews/an-introduction-to-stochastic-processes-with-applications-to-biology|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name=siam16>[http://fellows.siam.org/index.php?sort=year&value=2016 SIAM Fellows: Class of 2016], [[Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics]], retrieved 2017-07-01</ref> <ref name=ttu-skl>[http://today.ttu.edu/posts/2015/07/professor-awarded-distinguished-lecture-for-contributions-to-mathematics Professor awarded distinguished lecture for contributions to mathematics], [[Texas Tech University]], retrieved 2017-07-01</ref> <ref name=ttu-sf>[http://today.ttu.edu/posts/2016/04/math-professor-siam-fellow Mathematics professor named a 2016 SIAM Fellow], [[Texas Tech University]], retrieved 2017-07-01</ref>}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.math.ttu.edu/~lallen/ Ebe obibi] {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Allen, Linda J. S.}} pc3p09y14e8bqit6zncf6n2c6513xgk 0 67060 632228 540575 2026-05-07T15:35:31Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 632228 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Jonathan D. Gosier''' (amụrụ 1981 ma ọ bụ 1982)[1] bụ onye ọchụnta ego, itinye ego, onye na-ahụ maka ihe nkiri, na onye na-enye onyinye.[2][1] Akpọrọ ya aha dị ka otu n'ime olu Tech Tech iri nke iri na-eso na Twitter site na CNN [3] yana otu n'ime ndị America America 25 kacha nwee mmetụta na teknụzụ site na Business Insider.Enyere ya onyinye TED Fellowship na 2009 ma mesịa kpọọ TED Senior Fellow.[1] [2] Gosier bụ Knight News Challenge award mmeri maka Abayima nke na-eme teknụzụ nkwukọrịta ọgba aghara maka ọdachi.[3] Na 2013, a họpụtara Gosier ka ọ bụrụ otu n'ime ndị nrụpụta atọ nke afọ site na Black Enterprise Magazine maka ọrụ ya na mmalite data MetaLayer.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Brown|first=Carolyn|date=July 27, 2015|title=Entrepreneurs Conference: Celebrating Small Businesses Revved Up for Growth|url=http://www.blackenterprise.com/small-business/celebrating-small-businesses-revved-up-for-growth/|publisher=BlackEnterprise|accessdate=October 14, 2013}}</ref> == Ushahidi == Site na 2009 ruo 2011 Jon Gosier bụ onye nduzi nke SwiftRiver na Ushahidi.<ref>{{Cite web|first=Erik|author=Hersman|date=December 14, 2009|title=Jon Gosier joins the Swift River Initiative|url=http://blog.ushahidi.com/2009/12/14/jon-gosier-joins-the-swift-river-initiative/|work=Ushahidi.com|accessdate=October 22, 2025|archivedate=October 26, 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131026230236/http://blog.ushahidi.com/2009/12/14/jon-gosier-joins-the-swift-river-initiative/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Q&A: Jon Gosier on crowdsourcing and the 'Silicon Valley of Africa'|url=http://memeburn.com/2011/04/qa-jon-gosier-on-crowdsourcing-and-the-silicon-valley-of-africa/|work=Memeburn.com|date=28 April 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Watters|first=Audrey|date=January 3, 2011|title=Crisis-Mapping Platform Ushahidi Announces Crowdmap:CI, 'Check-ins With a Purpose'|url=http://readwrite.com/2011/01/03/check-ins_with_a_purpose_with_crisis-mapping_ushah#awesm=~okem2Pe0ALHT0N|work=readwrite.com}}</ref> == App Africa == Gosier bụ onye nchoputa na CEO nke Appfrica ugbu a. Ọ bụ ụlọ ọrụ teknụzụ dabere na Kampala, Uganda.[1] na 2008 na Kampala, Uganda.[2] Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na-ahụ maka ọtụtụ atụmatụ teknụzụ maka ịkwalite mpaghara teknụzụ Africa gụnyere Apps4Africa, [3] HiveColab, QuestionBox[4] na maka inyere Google Africa aka ịtụgharị asụsụ ibe ya maka ndị Ugandan. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Creators of "Apps 4 Africa" Contest Discuss the Ideas Behind It|url=http://iipdigital.usembassy.gov/st/english/texttrans/2010/07/20100716161505ihecuor0.6529505.html#axzz2hg6hm3Sf|work=USembassy.gov|date=July 16, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Fellows Friday with Rose Shuman|url=https://blog.ted.com/fellows-friday-with-rose-shuman/|work=TED.com|date=June 3, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|first=Tayo|author=Akinyemi|date=August 18, 2009|title=Bridging the Communication Gap in Uganda: Appfrica Labs|url=http://www.nextbillion.net/blogpost.aspx?blogid=1497|work=NextBillion.net}}</ref> == Apps4Africa == Gosier bụ otu n'ime ndị malitere Apps4Africa, onye na-eme ngwangwa maka atụmatụ teknụzụ Africa. Apps4Africa malitere site na ọtụtụ nsogbu ịma aka nke ndị nkwado ya gụnyere Appfrica na Ngalaba Ọchịchị US.Ebumnuche nke Apps4Africa bụ ịkwalite 'ihe ngwọta nke Africa maka nsogbu Africa' site n'inye ndị ọkachamara nkà na ụzụ Africa ụgwọ ọrụ na-achọ iji ihe ha mepụtara mee ka ọha mmadụ nwee mmetụta.[1] Asọmpi a na-arịọ ndị obodo na ụmụ amaala nọ na kọntinent ahụ ka ha nyefee ihe ịma aka obodo n'ihe gbasara nghọta na ọchịchị ka mma, ahụike, agụmakwụkwọ na ihe ndị ọzọ.Ọrụ a malitere na ngwụcha afọ 2009 site na mmekorita e hibere n'etiti Appfrica na Ngalaba Ọchịchị US, Bureau of African Affairs, Office of Public Diplomacy (AF/PDPA) dịka akụkụ nke atụmatụ ọchịchị nke President Barack Obama na narị afọ 21st Statecraft.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Africa: 'The United States – Africa Partnership – the Last Four Years and Beyond' – Assistant Secretary Carson|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201301161443.html|work=AllAfrica|date=January 16, 2013}}</ref>  == MetaLayer == Gosier mebere MetaLayer n'afọ 2011 yana onye mmekọ azụmahịa Matthew Griffiths. Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ bu n'obi inye ndị ọrụ na-abụghị ndị ọrụ aka ka ha na-eme nyocha nke data-dị ka ịchọpụta usoro dị na nnukwu data data, ime nyocha amụma, na ịmepụta ihe ngosi-site na nghọta, ịdọrọ na-dobe ngwaọrụ sayensị data.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2013-09-26|title=Moving on from SwiftRiver and Ushahidi|url=http://gosdot.com/post/7104541418/moving-on-from-swiftriver-and-ushahidi|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130926090120/http://gosdot.com/post/7104541418/moving-on-from-swiftriver-and-ushahidi|archivedate=September 26, 2013|accessdate=2025-05-02|work=gosdot.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Talbert|first=Marcia Wade|date=2013-04-12|title=Tech Startup of the Week: MetaLayer Takes Big Data and Makes Sense of It|url=https://www.blackenterprise.com/tech-startup-of-the-week-metalayer-jon-gosier/|accessdate=2025-05-02|work=Black Enterprise|language=en-US}}</ref> D8A Group nwetara ụlọ ọrụ ahụ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2013.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2015-09-28|title=The Roundup|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/DJFPEA0120150928eb9setgpy|accessdate=2025-05-02|work=Wall Street Journal|language=en-US}}</ref> == Audigent == Gosier jikọrọ aka guzobe Audigent na 2014, nke bụ mmelite data, ọgwụgwọ, na ikpo okwu njirimara nke na-ahụ maka iji nchekwa nzuzo, data nke mbụ iji bulie adreesị mgbasa ozi na ego na-enweghị ịdabere na kuki.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|author=Huffman|first=Sarah|date=2024-12-11|title=Experian acquires Audigent, adtech giant backed early by Philly orgs, for reported $200M+|url=https://technical.ly/startups/audigent-experian-acquisition-philadelphia-power-moves/|accessdate=2025-05-02|work=Technical.ly|language=en}}</ref> Na Nọvemba 2024, Experian nwetara Audigent. A kọrọ na nkwekọrịta ahụ dị n'agbata $ 200 nde na $ 250 nde. <ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3">{{Cite web|author=Abraham|first=Tony|date=2015-01-19|title=Jon Gosier named one of TIME's ‘12 New Faces of Black Leadership’|url=https://technical.ly/startups/jon-gosier-12-new-faces-of-black-leadership/|accessdate=2025-05-02|work=Technical.ly|language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFAbraham2015">Abraham, Tony (2015-01-19). [https://technical.ly/startups/jon-gosier-12-new-faces-of-black-leadership/ "Jon Gosier named one of TIME's '12 New Faces of Black Leadership'"]. ''Technical.ly''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2025-05-02</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Ntụrụndụ Southbox == Jon Gosier guzobere Southbox Entertainment na 2017. Na Septemba 2019, Southbox Entertainment kwupụtara mmalite ya na Atlanta, iji bụrụ isi iyi nke isi obodo maka ndị na-eme ihe nkiri na ndị na-emepụta TV. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Atlanta-Based Investor Brings Film Finance Down South|url=https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/atlanta-based-investor-brings-film-finance-down-south-300916831.html|date=2019-09-12|work=www.prnewswire.com|language=en|accessdate=2020-06-01}}</ref> == Abayima == Abayima bụ ọgbakọ anaghị akwụ ụgwọ nke hiwere ịkwado ụmụ amaala mgbe a na-eyi olu ha egwu n'ụdị mwakpo nke akụrụngwa nkwukọrịta. Abayima (okwu LUganda maka "Onye nche") sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ nke ndị na-eme ngagharị iwe na mba ndị dị ka Uganda, Libya, Syria, na Egypt ebe a maara na ndị ọchịchị na-egbochi (ma ọ bụ nyochaa) ohere ụmụ amaala nwere ịntanetị na nkwurịta okwu mkpanaka.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Robertson|first=Jordan|title=The day part of the Internet died: Egypt goes dark|url=http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2011/jan/28/day-part-internet-died-egypt-goes-dark/|work=The Washington Times}}</ref> N'oge 'ịntanetị ojii' ndị a, Abayima na-enye ngwọta nke na-enye ụmụ amaala na ndị nta akụkọ ohere ikwurịta okwu n'agbanyeghị usoro ndị dị otú ahụ. N'afọ 2011, Gosier na ndị ọrụ ibe ya duziri ọrụ ahụ mgbe ndị ọchịchị gọọmentị na Uganda malitere ịnata ozi SMS, ụzọ a ma ama maka nkwurịta okwu na mba ndị na-emepe emepe n'oge nsogbu.<ref>{{Cite web|title=A Brief History of the Abayima Project|url=http://blog.appfrica.com/2013/01/17/a-brief-history-of-the-abayima-project/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130124071203/http://blog.appfrica.com/2013/01/17/a-brief-history-of-the-abayima-project/|archivedate=2013-01-24|accessdate=2013-01-24|publisher=Appfrica.com}}</ref> == FilmHedge == Gosier bụ onye isi na onye guzobere FilmHedge, nke ewepụtara na 2020. Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na-enye ego maka ihe nkiri na ụlọ ọrụ telivishọn.[1] Kemgbe mmalite ya, FilmHedge akwadola ihe karịrị nde $200 na ego maka ihe karịrị ihe nkiri 40 na usoro ederede. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2025-01-23|title=FilmHedge Founders Attract Institutional Interest in Film Financing at Davos|url=https://esgnews.com/filmhedge-founders-attract-institutional-interest-in-film-financing-at-davos/|accessdate=2025-05-02|work=ESG News|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ihe nrite/nsọpụrụ == * 2012- CNN kpọrọ ya dị ka iri African Tech Voices to Follow na Twitter <ref name=":0">{{Cite news|author=Busari|first=Stephanie|title=Ten African Tech Voices to Follow on Twitter.|url=https://edition.cnn.com/interactive/2012/02/world/interactive.africa.tech/|work=CNN.com}}</ref> * 2013 - Business Insider kpọrọ ya otu n'ime ndị Africa America iri abụọ na ise kacha nwee mmetụta na teknụzụ <ref name=":1">{{Cite news|author=Dickey|first=Megan Rose|date=April 4, 2013|title=The 25 Most Influential African-Americans In Technology|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/most-influential-blacks-in-technology-2013-4?op=1|work=Business Insider}}</ref> * 2013 - E nyere ngwa mkpanaka ya, Abayima, onyinye $ 150,000 site na Knight News Challenge <ref>{{Cite web|date=2013-01-18|title=Knight News Challenge|url=https://blog.ted.com/tag/knight-news-challenge/|accessdate=2025-05-02|language=en-US}}</ref> * 2013 - a họpụtara ya dị ka otu n'ime ndị Innovators nke Afọ atọ site na Black Enterprise Magazine maka ọrụ ya na mmalite data MetaLayer * 2015 - TIME's '12 New Faces of Black Leadership' <ref name=":3"/><ref>{{Cite web|author=Butler|first=Michael|date=2021-07-30|title=Jon Gosier found global success in tech before Philly funding brought him here. But it wasn't enough to keep him|url=https://technical.ly/diversity-equity-inclusion/jon-gosier-left-philadelphia-investment/|accessdate=2025-05-02|work=Technical.ly|language=en}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist|2}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Official website * Jon GosiernaTED * [https://web.archive.org/web/20131108120845/http://fellows.ted.com/profiles/jonathan-gosier Profaịlụ TED.com] * [http://appfrica.com/ App Africa] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20131014173458/http://blog.appfrica.com/ Blog Appfrica] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20150801040347/http://apps4africa.com/ Apps4Africa Blog] * [http://www.ushahidi.com/ Ushahidi] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20220117195420/http://www.metalayer.com/ MetaLayer] [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 2bmqpf81zw8d024r7ydswrwdbz3c4bz 0 72338 632285 596361 2026-05-08T11:45:45Z Goodymaraj 21567 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:2|0|0 */ 632285 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Zsófia Torma''' (26 Septemba 1832 - 14 Nọvemba 1899) bụ onye Ọkà mmụta ihe ochie nke [[Ịtụ Mgbere Ahịa na Mba Hungary|Hungary]], onye na-amụ banyere ụmụ mmadụ na onye na-ahụ maka ihe ochie. == Ndụ na ọrụ == A mụrụ Torma na obodo Csicsókeresztúr, Beszterce-Naszód County, Austria-Hungary (today Cristeștii Ciceului, Bistrița-Năsăud County, [[Romania]]). Mgbe nne na nna ya nwụsịrị, ya na nwanne ya nwanyị kwagara Szászváros, nke dị na Romania ugbu a, ebe ọ malitere ịmụ ugbo snail ọ hụrụ na Obodo Hunedoara .<ref name=":0"/> Torma na-amụta ihe n'onwe ya. N'afọ 1875, Flóris Rómer , nke ụfọdụ ndị weere dị ka nna nke nkà mmụta ihe ochie nke Hungary, gbara ya ume ịmalite igwu ala nke ya nke ebe obibi oge ochie nke Tordos (nke dị ugbu a Turdaș), n'akụkụ Osimiri Mureș. Ihe nnọchianya na ihe odide ndị dị n'elu ihe ụrọ ọ hụrụ n'oge a na-egwu ala na Hunyad County ghọrọ ihe na-akpali akpali. Ọ chọpụtakwara ihe ndị e ji mara Omenala Tordos dị puku isii ruo puku asaa, ụfọdụ n'ime ha nwere akara Vinča.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-11-10|title=The Dispilio Tablet- Revising the Origins and Development of Writing|url=https://nicholasrossis.me/2020/11/10/the-dispilio-tablet-revising-the-origins-and-development-of-writing/|accessdate=2022-04-28|work=Nicholas C. Rossis|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|author=Coltofean|first=Laura|date=2014-01-01|title=Coltofean, L. 2014. Unveiling Zsófia Torma. The Diary of a Woman, an Archaeologist and a Visionary|url=https://www.academia.edu/9064726/Coltofean_L_2014_Unveiling_Zs%C3%B3fia_Torma_The_Diary_of_a_Woman_an_Archaeologist_and_a_Visionary|journal=Marler, Joan (ed.), Fifty Years of Tărtăria Excavations. Festschrift in Honor of Gheorghe Lazarovici on the occasion of his 73rd Birthday, 2014}}</ref> Dị ka Gizella si kwuo,<blockquote>Zsófia Torma bụ onye mbụ chọpụtara omenala Neolithic nke Tordos, na-adọta uche na njikọ dị n'etiti akara Tordos na agụmagụ nke Asiria-Babilọn, ntinye akwụkwọ Sumerian site na ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ Europe. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na Tordos afọ iri abụọ, ihe karịrị afọ iri atọ tupu achọpụtara nke ọma achịkọtara nke ọma, nchọpụta na akwụkwọ akụkọ dị oke ọnụ ahịa na ha, ebe ọ bụ na a nyochara omenala Vinca-Tordos naanị na 1908.<ref name=":0"/> </blockquote>Torma nwere nnukwu nsogbu ego nke nchọpụta nke onwe ya kpatara. Ọ lụkwara ọgụ na ndị ọkà mmụta ihe ochie na mba nke ya, bụ ndị "na-akwa ya emo ma na-eleghara ya anya, dị ka nwanyị na onye na-amụta ihe n'ọhịa nke nkà mmụta ihe ochie, yana echiche na mgbalị ya. " <ref name=":1"/> Otú ọ dị, nchọpụta ya na ihe odide ya nwetara nnabata n'etiti ndị nchọpụta mba ọzọ na-etinye aka na ogologo akwụkwọ ozi. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=Gizella|first=Edit Novák|date=2016|title=She is the first archaeologist in the world to be of Hungarian descent|url=http://www.naprakesz.info/portre/1245-a-vilag-elso-regesznoje-aki-raadasul-magyar-szarmazasu.html#|accessdate=2022-04-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160418021608/http://www.naprakesz.info/portre/1245-a-vilag-elso-regesznoje-aki-raadasul-magyar-szarmazasu.html#|archivedate=18 April 2016}}</ref> <ref name=":1" /> E bipụtara ọrụ ya a ma ama, ''Ethnographische Analogien'', na Jena, Germany, na afọ 1894. Torma nwere ọrụ dị mkpa na ntọala nke National Museum of Transylvanian History nke Kolozsvár (Cluj-Napoca nke oge a). N'ime testament ya, ọ hapụrụ nchịkọta ya nke 10,387 ihe mgbe ochie na Transylvanian National Museum's Museum of Medals and Antiquities . <ref name=":0"/> Na 24 Mee dí na afọ 1899, naanị ọnwa ole na ole tupu ọnwụ ya, ọ ghọrọ nwanyị mbụ a kpọrọ dọkịta nsọpụrụ na Kolozsvári m. [[Kir-Balar language|kir]]. Ferencz József Tudomány, ihe bụ taa Mahadum Babeș-Bolyai.<ref name=":0" /> Torma nwụrụ na Szászváros (Orăștie ugbu a), na 14 Nọvemba dí na afọ 1899.<ref name=":0"/> == Hụkwa == * Usoro oge nke ụmụ nwanyị na sayensị == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Ihe edeturu == * {{Cite book|editor=Lozny|title=Comparative Archaeologies A Sociological View of the Science of the Past|date=2011|publisher=Springer New York|location=New York, NY|isbn=9781441982254|pages=285, 305|edition=1., neue Ausg.}} * {{Cite web|title=Zsófia Torma|language=ro|url=http://www.orastieinfo.ro/index.php?mode=articol&id_articol=103|work=Pagina Municipiului Orăștie|publisher=Secui Adrian-Iulian|accessdate=24 May 2014|archivedate=25 May 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140525195846/http://www.orastieinfo.ro/index.php?mode=articol&id_articol=103}} * [http://www.kjnt.ro/ertektar/ertek/torma-zsofia-eletmuve Ọrụ ndụ nke Zsófia Torma] na Transylvanian Values Collection (n'asụsụ Hungarian) == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://www.academia.edu/35514614/Coltofean_L._2017._Zs%C3%B3fia_Torma_A_pioneer_of_prehistoric_archaeology_in_nineteenth-century_Transylvania Coltofean, Laura 2017. Zsófia Torma: Onye ọsụ ụzọ nke nkà mmụta ihe ochie na narị afọ nke iri na itoolu na Transylvania. N'ime: Cs. Szabó, V. Rusu-Bolindeț, G. T. Rustoiu, M. Gligor (ed.): Adalbert Cserni and His Contemporaries. Ndị ọsụ ụzọ nke Alba Iulia na Beyond. Mega Publishing House, Cluj-Napoca, 2017: 327-354.] * [https://www.academia.edu/16577904/Coltofean_L._2015._Object_Photography_in_19th_Century_Archaeology._The_Photographs_of_Zs%C3%B3fia_Tormas_Archaeological_Collection Coltofean, Laura 2015. Foto ihe na 19th Century Archaeology. Foto nke Zsófia Torma's Archaeological Collection. Brukenthal Acta musei X.1: 35-48.] * [https://www.academia.edu/19245216/Coltofean_L._2015._Importan%C8%9Ba_edi%C8%9Biei_a_opta_a_Congr%C3%A8s_international_d%EA%9E%8Canthropologie_et_d%EA%9E%8Carch%C3%A9ologie_pr%C3%A9historiques_%C3%AEn_dezvoltarea_arheologiei_preistorice_%C3%AEn_Transilvania_secolului_al_XIX-lea_The_Importance_of_CIAAP_1876_in_the_Development_of_Prehistoric_Archaeology_in_19th_Century_Transylvania Coltofean, Laura 2015. Importanța ediției a opta a Congrès international dꞌanthropologie et dꞌarchéologie préhistoriques în Feldtarea arheologiei preistorice în Transilvania secolului al XIX-lea / The Importance of CIAAP 1876 in the Development of Prehistoric Archaeology in 19th Century Transylvania. Na: ''ArheoVest''<nowiki>, Nr. III / No. III: In Memoriam Florin Medeleț (1943-2005), Interdisciplinaritate în Arheologie [Interdisciplinarity in Archaeology], Timişoara, 28 noiembrie 2015 / 28 November 2015, Vol. 2: Usoro Interdisciplinare și Istorie [Ụzọ Interdisciplinary na Akụkọ Ihe Mere Eme]: 1035-1055.</nowiki>] [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/978-963-315-264-5|<bdi>978-963-315-264-5</bdi>]] &nbsp; * [https://www.academia.edu/9064726/COLTOFEAN_Laura_Unveiling_Zs%C3%B3fia_Torma._The_Diary_of_a_Woman_an_Archaeologist_and_a_Visionary Coltofean, Laura 2014. Ikpughe Zsófia Torma. Diary of a Woman, a Archaeologist and a Visionary. Na: Marler, Joan (ed.), Fifty Years of Tărtăria Excavations. Festschrift na nsọpụrụ nke Gheorghe Lazarovici n'oge ụbọchị ọmụmụ ya nke iri asaa na atọ. Sebastopol: 258-273.] * [https://www.academia.edu/3303421/COLTOFEAN_Laura_When_Passion_is_Stronger_than_Death..._Zs%C3%B3fia_Tormas_Reflections Coltofean, Laura 2012. Mgbe Mmasị siri ike karịa Ọnwụ... Zsófia Torma's Reflections. Brukenthalia Romanian Cultural History Review 2: 67-77.] t4c18y9j7xqnnmv772j27wonpcr1pof 0 72525 632283 595737 2026-05-08T11:43:19Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 632283 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Lynn Miles''' (amụrụ na 29 Septemba 1958) <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.allmusic.com/artist/lynn-miles-mn0000169947/biography|title=Lynn Miles {{!}} Biography & History {{!}} AllMusic|work=AllMusic|accessdate=30 September 2016}}</ref> bụ onye na-agụ egwu na onye na-ede egwu na Canada. O meriri Juno Award na atọ Canadian Folk Music Awards. == Ọrụ == Miles ghọrọ onye nkuzi olu na Ottawa Folklore Centre. Ihe ndekọ mbụ ya nke ihe mbụ bụ demo abụ itoolu nke o mepụtara na 1987. Na mbido afọ 1990, Miles wepụtara abọm akpọrọ onwe ya tinyere ndekọ ọzọ a na-akpọ Chalk This One Up to the Moon. Ihe osise ya bụ "Remembrance Day" ghọrọ akụkụ nke vidiyo a na-egosi na telivishọn nke Ndị agha Canada mepụtara. Abọm Miles nke afọ 1996, Slightly Haunted nwetara nyocha dị mma na ''New York Times'' ma bụrụ ''Billboard'' Top Ten Pick of the Year. N'afọ 1997, o wepụtara abọm ya bụ Night in a Strange Town . Miles jikọtara ọzọ na onye ọkpụ guitar na onye na-emekọrịta ya '''Ian LeFeuvre''' maka album ya nke 2001, ''Unravel'', nke meriri '''Juno Award 2003''' maka ''Best Roots & Traditional Album of the Year: Solo''. Miles nwetara nkwado na 2005 maka '''Canadian Folk Music Awards'''. Na 2006, Miles dekọrọ album ''Love Sweet Love'' nke e wepụtara na U.S. na '''Red House Records'''. A dekọrọ ya na ndị ọkpụ guitar '''Ian LeFeuvre''' na '''Keith Glass''', onye ọkpọ drum '''Peter Von Althen''', '''John Geggie''' na bass, na '''James Stephens''' na violin. A na-akwado album a maka '''Juno Award 2006'''. Na 2009, '''Art of Time Ensemble''', nke gụnyere '''Sarah Slean''', dekọrọ abụ Miles, ''"Black Flowers"''.s."  A họpụtara abọm ya nke afọ 2010 Fall for Beauty na Juno Awards nke afọ 2011 na Roots & Traditional Album of the year category. Miles edekọghachila ụdị egwu ya na usoro a na-akpọ Black Flowers . E mepụtara mpịakọta abụọ mbụ na 2008 na 2009 na akara ndekọ Cold Girl ya ma mesịa wepụta ya ọzọ site na True North Records na 2009. E wepụtara mpịakọta nke atọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2012. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Lynn Miles Music|url=http://www.lynnmilesmusic.com/albums.html|accessdate=28 November 2012|archivedate=29 December 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121229112837/http://www.lynnmilesmusic.com/albums.html}}</ref> Onye na-enyocha egwu nke New York Times, John Pareles dere na egwu Miles "na-eme ka ọ dị ka ọnọdụ amara". N'afọ 2014, o mepụtara abọm Lynne Hanson River of Sand. <ref>{{Cite web|title=River of Sand|url=http://www.newcanadianmusic.ca/releases/r/river-of-sand/lynne-hanson/2014-09-16|work=New Canadian Music|accessdate=5 November 2015|archivedate=2018-03-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180314104652/http://www.newcanadianmusic.ca/releases/r/river-of-sand/lynne-hanson/2014-09-16}}</ref> Ya na Hanson na-arụkọ ọrụ na ọrụ egwu The Lynnes, bụ ndị wepụtara abọm izizi ha Heartbreak Song maka Redio na 2018. O nwekwara mmekọrịta na '''Hanson''' na oru egwu '''The Lynnes''', bụ́ ndị wepụtara album ha mbụ ''Heartbreak Song for the Radio'' na 2018. == Ndụ onwe onye == == Nkọwapụta == ** ''Lynn Miles'', (cassette ngosi) 1987 ** “Detụ Nke A Na Onwa”1991 ** ''Slightly Haunted'', 1996 ** ''Night in a Strange Town'', 1997 ** ''Unravel'', 2001 ** ''“Hụnanya Dị Mma”'', 2006 ** ''Black Flowers, Akụkụ 1'', 2008 ** ''Lynn Miles: Ndụ Na Chapel'', 2009 ** ''Black Flowers, Akụkụ 2'', 2009 ** ''Fall for Beauty'', 2010 ** ''Black Flowers, Akụkụ 3'', 2012 ** ''Downpour'', 2013 ** ''Black Flowers nwere ike ịtụgharị na Igbo dị ka:'' '''''“Okooko Ojii”'''Akụkụ 4'', 2014 ** ''Winter'', 2015 ** ''Ụzọ'' (na Keith Glass), 2016 ** ''Anyị Ga-achọ Kpakpando'', 2020 ** ''TumbleWeedyWorld'', 2023 * Lynn Miles: Live at the Chapel, (DVD) 2007 * Egwú nke Canada * Ndepụta nke ndị egwu Canada == Ihe odide == {{Reflist|refs=<ref name="allmusic.com"> {{cite web | url = http://www.allmusic.com/artist/lynn-miles-p173287/biography | title = Lynn Miles Biography | first = Erik | last = Hage | publisher = [[Allmusic]] | accessdate = 14 December 2011 }} </ref> <ref name="artistdirect.com1">{{cite web | url = http://www.artistdirect.com/nad/store/artist/album/0,,3346720,00.html | title = Love Sweet Love Credits | publisher = [[Artist Direct]] | accessdate = 14 December 2011 | archive-date = 16 April 2011 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110416061724/http://www.artistdirect.com/nad/store/artist/album/0,,3346720,00.html | url-status = dead | archivedate = 16 April 2011 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110416061724/http://www.artistdirect.com/nad/store/artist/album/0,,3346720,00.html }}</ref> <ref name="folkawards.ca">{{cite web |url = http://folkawards.ca/past-years/results-2005/ |title = Archives » Results 2005 |date = 21 January 2009 |publisher = [[Canadian Folk Music Awards]] |accessdate = 14 December 2011 |archivedate = 2 May 2012 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20120502062827/http://folkawards.ca/past-years/results-2005/ }}</ref> <ref name="junoawards.ca"> {{cite web | url = http://junoawards.ca/awards/artist-summary/?artist_name=Lynn+Miles&submit=Search | title = Juno Awards Database | publisher = [[Canadian Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences]] | archiveurl =https://web.archive.org/web/20120531081649/http://junoawards.ca/awards/artist-summary/?artist_name=Lynn+Miles&submit=Search | archivedate =31 May 2012 | accessdate = 10 April 2011 | url-status = dead }} </ref> <ref name="nytimes.com"> {{cite news | title = Arts » In Performance;POP | first = Jon | last = Pareles | url = https://www.nytimes.com/1996/04/20/arts/in-performance-pop-088722.html?scp=1&sq=Slightly%20Haunted%20Lynn%20Miles&st=cse | newspaper = [[The New York Times]] | issn = 0362-4331 | oclc = 1645522 | date = 20 April 1996 | accessdate = 14 December 2011 }} </ref> <ref name="redhouserecords.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.redhouserecords.com/Miles.html |title=Lynn Miles Bio |publisher=[[Red House Records]] |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110414104911/http://www.redhouserecords.com/Miles.html |archivedate=14 April 2011 |accessdate=11 April 2011 |url-status=dead }} </ref>|colwidth=30em}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Otú:Articles with hCards]] [[Otú:Short description is different from Wikidata]] [[Otú:Articles with short description]] 2xgdmu4cr6tlcj8bpdxshctcd3w4dgl 0 73385 632270 631198 2026-05-08T05:48:02Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 632270 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox song | name = Last Heartbreak Song | cover = | alt = | artist = [[Ayra Starr]] featuring [[Giveon]] | album = [[The Year I Turned 21]] | written = | released = 31 May 2024 | recorded = 2021–2022 | studio = Mavin Creative Studios ([[Lekki]]) | genre = * [[Afrobeats|Afropop]] * [[Contemporary R&B|R&B]] | length = {{duration|m=2|s=29}} | label = * Mavin * Universal | writer = * [[Oyinkansola Sarah Aderibigbe]] * [[Giveon Evans]] * Prince Omoferi * Louddaaa * Milar * Lawson * [[Leon Thomas|Leon Thomas III]] | producer = [[Louddaaa]] | chronology = [[Ayra Starr]] | prev_title = [[Bad Vibes (song)|Bad Vibes]] | prev_year = 2024 | next_title = [[All the Love (Ayra Starr song)|All the Love]] | next_year = 2025 | misc = {{External music video|type=song|{{YouTube|jeMYgIfNwD8|"Last Heartbreak Song"}}|header=Music video}} }} '''"Last Heartbreak Song"''' bụ egwu nke onye ọbụ abụ Naịjirịa na onye na-ede abụ bụ Ayra Starr, nke gosipụtara onye egwu R&B nke America bụ Giveon. E wepụtara ya na 31 Mee 2024, dịka egwu nke itoolu na abọm studio nke abụọ nke Starr, The Year I Turned 21, site na Mavin Records na Republic Records. Starr n'onwe ya dere egwu ahụ, tinyere onye na-emepụta ya bụ Louddaaa na Giveon. Ihe odide ndị ọzọ sitere n'aka Mbryo, Milar, Keith Lawson na Leon Thomas nke Atọ..<ref name="Writingteam">{{Cite web|title=Who wrote “Last Heartbreak Song” by Ayra Starr &amp; GIVĒON?|url=https://genius.com/Ayra-starr-and-giveon-last-heartbreak-song-lyrics/q/writer|work=Genius|accessdate=27 November 2025}}</ref>N'ịgwakọta egwu Afropop na egwu R&B nke oge a, abụ ahụ na-enyocha isiokwu nke obi mgbawa na mmechi mmetụta uche, nke a na-egosi site na mkparịta ụka n'etiti ndị hụrụ ibe ha n'anya abụọ.<ref name="Neonmusic" /> "Last Heartbreak Song" nwetara otuto dị egwu mgbe a tọhapụrụ ya, ebe ndị na-enyocha ya na-eto mmekọrịta olu dị n'etiti ụda olu Starr na ụda olu Giveon, yana mmetụta uche nke okwu ya. <ref name="Neonmusic">{{Cite news|author=Harris|first=Alex|title=Last Heartbreak Song by Ayra Starr ft. Giveon: A Heartrending Serenade|url=https://neonmusic.co.uk/last-heartbreak-song-by-ayra-starr-ft-giveon-a-heartrending-serenade|accessdate=27 November 2025|work=Neon Music|date=5 June 2024}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFHarris2024">Harris, Alex (5 June 2024). [https://neonmusic.co.uk/last-heartbreak-song-by-ayra-starr-ft-giveon-a-heartrending-serenade "Last Heartbreak Song by Ayra Starr ft. Giveon: A Heartrending Serenade"]. ''Neon Music''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 November</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> A kọwara ya dị ka ihe dị ịrịba ama site na abọm ahụ, yana dịka otu n'ime oge introspective ya, a họpụtara ya na 17th Headies Awards maka Best Recording of the Year na Best R&B Single, wee merie na nke ikpeazụ.<ref name="HeadiesAwards" /> N'azụmahịa, egwu ahụ nwetara ihe ịga nke ọma dị nta, ruo n'ọkwa nke 14 na TurnTable Top 100 nke Naịjirịa, na nke 3 na chaatị Afrobeats nke UK. Ọ nọkwa na New Zealand (36), nakwa na United States, ebe o ruru nọmba 6 na Billboard U.S. Afrobeats Songs na nke 34 na chaatị Mainstream R&B/Hip-Hop Airplay.<ref name="BillboardAfro" /> <ref name="Mainstreamcharts" /> Egwú ahụ enwetala asambodo ọla edo site na TurnTable Certification System of Nigeria (TCSN). <ref name="TurnTablecert" /> Vidio egwu na-eso ya, nke Bobby Hanaford duziri ma gbaa ya n'ụsọ osimiri Oxnard, gosipụtara na 3 June 2024. Ọ na-egosi Starr na Giveon na-eme ihe n'akụkụ dị iche iche nke mgbidi simenti gbawara agbawa nke na-anọchite anya mmekọrịta gbawara aghara. Starr kọwara ọnọdụ ihu igwe n'oge a na-ese foto dị ka "nnọọ oyi" ma kwuo na ọ ga-anọgide na-abụ "onye ọkachamara" n'oge niile a na-eme ya, ebe Giveon kwetara na ọ naghị apụta na vidiyo egwu mana n'ihi na ọ bụ "onye na-akwado Starr" ọ chọsiri ike iso ya rụọ ọrụ. Vidio ahụ nwetara nyocha dị iche iche, ụfọdụ ndị edemede na-ekwu na ọ na-ejide onwe ya na ndị ọzọ na-ajụ ma obere ụdị ya na-enyefe isiokwu abụ ahụ n'ụzọ zuru ezu. Starr kụrụ egwu ahụ n'ọtụtụ ihe ngosi dị elu, gụnyere The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon na mmalite ya na Coldplay's Music of the Spheres world tour.<ref name="JimmyFallon1">{{Cite news|author=Esene|first=Shalom|title=Ayra Starr Makes US TV Debut With Performance of “Last Heartbreak Song” and “Woman Commando” {{!}} OkayAfrica|url=https://www.okayafrica.com/ayra-starr-makes-us-tv-debut-with-performance-of-last-heartbreak-song-and-woman-commando/144398|accessdate=27 November 2025|work=www.okayafrica.com|date=24 July 2024}}</ref><ref name="ColdplayxAyra" /> Nkọwa ya n'oge mmemme MTV Push na Septemba 2024 mechara mee ka a họpụta ya maka MTV Push Performance of the Year na 2025 MTV Video Music Awards.<ref name="OkayAfrica" /> == Ihe ndị mere n'oge gara aga == "Last Heartbreak Song" malitere n'oge a na-edekọ egwu maka abọm izizi Starr 19 & Dangerous na 2020-2021, mgbe ya na nwanne ya nwoke Milar dere egwu mbụ. Ọ bụ ezie na emechara abụ ahụ n'oge ahụ, Starr họọrọ ịghara itinye ya na abọm ikpeazụ.<ref name="Peoplemag">{{Cite news|author=Sengwe|first=Stephanie|title=Ayra Starr Promises Good Vibes and 'Rollercoaster of Emotions' with New Album 'The Year I Turned 21' (Exclusive)|url=https://people.com/ayra-starr-says-new-album-is-rollercoaster-of-emotions-exclusive-8654977|accessdate=27 November 2025|work=People.com|date=31 May 2024|language=en}}</ref> N'ajụjụ ọnụ ndị ọzọ, ọ kọwara na omimi mmetụta uche nke ihe ahụ karịrị ya mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na itoolu, na-ekwu na ọ "dị ka ọ dịbeghị njikere" ịtọhapụ ya. Ọ chetara na mgbe egwu ahụ nọgidere na ya, ya na ndị otu ya "na-anwa idebe ya n'oge kwesịrị ekwesị".Egwú ahụ pụtara ọzọ n'oge e mepụtara abọm studio nke abụọ ya The Year I Turned 21, nke edere n'etiti ngwụcha 2022 na mmalite 2024 na Mavin Studios na Lagos. Ka Starr na-akpụzi ọrụ ahụ ka ọ bụrụ akụkọ na-eto eto nke na-elekwasị anya n'ịhụnanya, obi mgbawa, ntozu okè, na nghọta onwe onye, ọ laghachiri n'echiche ochie nke na-ada ụda ugbu a n'ụzọ miri emi. Isiokwu nke mmekọrịta na-agbagọ agbagọ na nnabata dị jụụ nke na-esote kwekọrọ na ntụziaka introspective ọ chepụtara maka abọm ahụ, nke na-adabere na ịkọ akụkọ onwe onye karịa akụkọ ifo nke ọrụ mbụ ya.<ref name="Mavinchild" /> Inweta onye ọbụ abụ Amerịka bụ́ Giveon dịka onye omenkà ama ama ghọrọ ihe gbanwere n'ịmecha abụ ahụ. Starr anọwo na-enwe mmasị n'olu baritone ya kemgbe ma kwenyere na ndekọ ndị yiri ya ga-emepụta mkparịta ụka ebumpụta ụwa n'egwu ahụ. Mgbe ọ natara amaokwu Giveon e dekọrọ na 2023, o kwuru na obi dị ya ezigbo ụtọ nke na ọ na-ebe ákwá mgbe ọ na-ege ntị n'ụgbọala ya wee kpọtụrụ ndị otu A&R ya ozugbo iji gosi na ya ekweghị na mmekorita ahụ emezuola..<ref name="ABCNews">{{Cite news|title=Ayra Starr talks working with Giveon on "Last Heartbreak Song"|url=https://www.deltaradio.net/music/urban-ac/ayra-starr-talks-working-with-giveon-on-last-heartbreak-song/|accessdate=27 November 2025|work=Delta Radio Network|date=3 June 2024}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.deltaradio.net/music/urban-ac/ayra-starr-talks-working-with-giveon-on-last-heartbreak-song/ "Ayra Starr talks working with Giveon on "Last Heartbreak Song""]. ''Delta Radio Network''. 3 June 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 November</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> O kwuru na onyinye Giveon nyere echiche dị iche iche ọ na-eche mgbe niile maka abụ ahụ, na-ekwu na "ọ wetara ihe niile ọ chọrọ iji weta na ndekọ a", ma na-akọwa mmekorita ahụ dị ka "otu n'ime mkpebi kachasị mma m mere".<ref name="ABCNews" /> Nsụgharị ikpeazụ nke "Last Heartbreak Song" bụ nke e ji onyinye ederede ndị ọzọ sitere n'aka onye na-emepụta ya Louddaaa, onye na-arụkọ ọrụ ogologo oge, na Mbryo. Ndị America na-ede egwu Keith Lawson na Leon Thomas III nyekwara aka n'usoro ide ihe. "Last Heartbreak Song" pụtara dị ka egwu nke itoolu na The Year I Turned 21, nke Mavin Records na Republic Records wepụtara na 31 Mee 2024. <ref name="Mavinchild">{{Cite web|author=Cruanas|first=Jason|title=Ayra Starr Releases Sophomore Album 'The Year I Turned 21'|url=https://www.mavinrecords.com/2024/05/31/ayra-starr-releases-new-album-the-year-i-turned-21/|work=Mavin|accessdate=27 November 2025|date=31 May 2024}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFCruanas2024">Cruanas, Jason (31 May 2024). [https://www.mavinrecords.com/2024/05/31/ayra-starr-releases-new-album-the-year-i-turned-21/ "Ayra Starr Releases Sophomore Album 'The Year I Turned 21'"]. ''Mavin''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 November</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> == Egwú na okwu ==   "Last Heartbreak Song" bụ egwu egwu nke na-agwakọta Afropop na R&amp;amp;B. N'ịbụ nke e wuru gburugburu ụda piano, ụda olu, kalimba, na pads dị larịị, mmepụta ahụ na-ejigide àgwà, nke ikuku. Onye na-emepụta ihe Louddaaa kọwara na egwu ahụ sitere na otu usoro nkwekọrịta nke e mepụtara n'ụdị dị iche iche, na-eme ka ntọala nke piano, vox, na nhazi kalimba.<ref name="Louddaaabreaks" /> A na-etinye mmetụta olu na pads ndị ọzọ iji mee ka ụda olu ya dị omimi, ebe usoro drum na-ejikọta kick, rimshots atọ, na shaker, yana mgbakwunye percussion agbakwunyere iji mụbaa mmegharị rhythmic. Louddaaa jiri ọtụtụ ọkwa bass, gụnyere synth-wave bass na bassline na-agagharị agagharị, ma webata bass drum nke ejiri 808 mee ka ọ dị ike na chorus. Afọ abụọ mgbe nnọkọ mbụ gasịrị, Starr rịọrọ ka agbakwunye ngwá egwu dị ndụ; onye na-akpọ ụbọ akwara bụ Prosper nyere aka na akụkụ ndị Louddaaa kwuru na ọ gbakwunyere "ụgbụgba ụbọ akhara" na ndokwa ahụ.<ref name="Louddaaabreaks">{{Cite web|title=Beat Breakdown of Last Heartbreak Song (Ayra) by Louddaaa|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XVuAuqWLF4M|accessdate=27 November 2025|date=17 July 2024}}</ref> A na-etinye abụ ahụ na C major na ihe dịka 90 beats kwa nkeji ma na-agbaso usoro nkwekọrịta nke D minor 7-G-C-F major 7.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ayra Starr - Last Heartbreak Song (Lyrics) ft. Giveon Chords - Chordify|url=https://chordify.net/chords/ayra-starr-giveon-songs/last-heartbreak-song-chords|work=chordify.net|accessdate=27 November 2025|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Last Heartbreak Song (feat. Giveon)|url=https://tunebat.com/Info/Last-Heartbreak-Song-feat-Giveon-Ayra-Starr-Giveon/1A1ifX8sWzelNpkL5PxcHT|work=Tunebat|accessdate=27 November 2025}}</ref> Alex Harris nke Neon Music kọwara egwu ahụ dị ka "ihe nkiri na-akpali akpali" nke na-efegharị n'elu "egwu Afrobeats dị egwu nke nwere ụdị R&B nke oge a". Harris kwuru maka mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ndị egwu abụọ ahụ, na-ekwu na Starr "nwere ụda dị ụtọ n'ime eriri Bekee na Pidgin nke ọma na nrọ baritone nke Giveon na-akpali akpali " <ref name="Neonmusic"/> N'ide maka Unorthodox Reviews, Nneamaka Nwaokolo kpọrọ egwu ahụ "a slow, paining ballad that were long after the final note", na-akọwa ya dị ka "a global crossover track" na abọm ahụ.<ref name="Unorthodoxrev" /> N'ime nyocha ya maka The Native, Blossom Maduafokwa dere na "ndị enyi Starr na-eme ihe nkiri a na-akpọ "Last Heartbreak Song", ebe ọ na-ekwu okwu n'ụzọ na-adịghị mma maka ịhụnanya na-enweghị isi maka mmepụta Afro-R&B site n'aka onye ya na ya na-arụkọ ọrụ ogologo oge Louddaaa", na-agbakwụnye na "onye na-eme ihe nkiri American R&B, Giveon, na-ekpuchi amaokwu nke abụọ nke ọma na baritone bara ụba ya." Tamil Makinde si NME gosipụtara ya dị ka oge Starr "na-enweta ike ịga n'ihu", na-etinye egwu ahụ n'ime mkpokọta ntụgharị uche ịhụnanya nke abọm ahụ.<ref name="Turned21">{{Cite news|author=Makinde|first=Tami|title=Ayra Starr – 'The Year I Turned 21' review: breathing new life into Afropop|url=https://www.nme.com/reviews/album/ayra-starr-the-year-i-turned-21-album-review-tracklist-radar-3760955|accessdate=27 November 2025|work=[[NME]]|date=30 May 2024}}</ref> N'asụsụ dị iche iche, abụ ahụ na-egosi echiche dị iche iche gbasara mmekọrịta na-aka njọ. Harris kọwara egwu ahụ tupu egwu ahụ nke e dere n'ime egwu ahụ bụ "Ọ na-adị ka otu akụkụ ugbu a" dị ka nke na-ada ụda na "eziokwu na-akụda mmụọ". Starr gosipụtara enyo, mwepụ, na ọchịchọ maka nnwere onwe, nke mechara mee ka ndị otu egwu ahụ kwupụta nnwere onwe.<ref name="Neonmusic"/> Joseph Tunde nke The ''Riff'' dere na "na Giveon, Ayra na-edozi nsogbu na ihe isi ike ndị ọdọ mmiri nke taa na-eche ihu - enweghị mmeghachi omume", na-eme ka amaokwu Giveon bụrụ nke na-ekweta ọdịda onwe onye ma na-arịọ maka ime udo.<ref name="TundeRiff">{{Cite web|author=Tunde|first=Joseph|title=Arya Starr: “The Year I Turned 21"—Album Review|url=https://medium.com/the-riff/arya-starr-the-year-i-turned-21-album-review-8466480ca131|work=The Riff|accessdate=27 November 2025|language=en|date=3 June 2024}}</ref> Harris kwuru na arụmọrụ ha jikọtara ọnụ na-arị elu n'ime "mgbatị na-ere ọkụ" ka mkpebi Starr dị iche na arịrịọ Giveon maka nrụzi.<ref name="Neonmusic" /> Damilola Agubata nke Pulse Nigeria kọwara egwu ahụ dị ka ihe na-egosi "onye na-eme ihere, onye na-ahụ n'anya" ka ọ na-ekwu na Starr ka "na-ekwusi ike iji gosipụta mmetụta ya". Agubata dere na ya na "otu n'ime Giveon kachasị mma nke R&B", Starr "na-ewere ikike ma na-egosi anyị otu akụkụ anyị maara mgbe niile na ọ dị n'ebe ọ bụla".<ref name="damilolapulse">{{Cite news|author=Agubata|first=Damilola|title='Bloody Samaritan' or 'Rush' — The best Ayra Starr songs, ranked|url=https://www.pulse.ng/story/the-best-ayra-starr-songs-2025032621240665775|accessdate=27 November 2025|work=Pulse Nigeria|date=26 March 2025|language=en}}</ref> == Ọrụ azụmahịa == "Last Heartbreak Song" nwere ihe ịga nke ọma azụmahịa n'ọtụtụ mpaghara mgbe a tọhapụrụ ya. Na United States, egwu ahụ malitere na nọmba 34 na chaatị Billboard Mainstream R&B / Hip-Hop Airplay. Ọ gara n'ihu na-arịgo n'ime izu ndị sochirinụ, na-arị elu ruo ọnụọgụ 32 na izu nke atọ ya, ọnụọgụ 31 n'izu na-esote, na ọnụọgụ 29 site na nke ise.<ref name="Mainstreamcharts">{{Cite web|title=Mainstream R&B/Hip-Hop Airplay|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/mainstream-r-and-b-hip-hop/|work=Billboard|accessdate=27 November 2025|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20240813023729/https://www.billboard.com/charts/mainstream-r-and-b-hip-hop/|archivedate=13 August 2024|date=2 January 2013}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.billboard.com/charts/mainstream-r-and-b-hip-hop/ "Mainstream R&B/Hip-Hop Airplay"]. ''Billboard''. 2 January 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 November</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment" data-ve-ignore=""><code class="cs1-code"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Templeeti:Cite web|cite web]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service ([[:Category:CS1 maint: deprecated archival service|link]])</span> [[Category:CS1 maint: deprecated archival service]]</ref> Abụ ahụ nọgidere na-abụ ihe na-aga n'ihu n'oge okpomọkụ, na-eru n'ọkwa nke 26 n'izu nke itoolu ya na chaatị ahụ.<ref name="Mainstream">{{Cite news|author=Naomi|first=Utere|title=Ayra Starr debuts on Mainstream R&B Billboard charts, reacts|url=https://notjustok.com/news/ayra-starr-debuts-on-mainstream-rb-billboard-charts-reacts/|accessdate=27 November 2025|work=NotjustOk|date=9 August 2024}}</ref> Ọ pụtakwara na <nowiki><i id="mw3A">Billboard</i></nowiki> U.S. Afrobeats Songs, ebe ọ malitere na nọmba 6 wee gaa n'ihu na-etinye izu 24 na ọnụ ọgụgụ ahụ, ọtụtụ n'ime ha n'ime top 20.<ref name="BillboardAfro">{{Cite web|author=Cusson|first=Michael|title=Billboard U.S. Afrobeats Songs|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/billboard-u-s-afrobeats-songs/|work=Billboard|accessdate=27 November 2025|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20240921021536/https://www.billboard.com/charts/billboard-u-s-afrobeats-songs/|archivedate=21 September 2024|date=29 March 2022}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFCusson2022">Cusson, Michael (29 March 2022). [https://www.billboard.com/charts/billboard-u-s-afrobeats-songs/ "Billboard U.S. Afrobeats Songs"]. ''Billboard''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 November</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment" data-ve-ignore=""><code class="cs1-code"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Templeeti:Cite web|cite web]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service ([[:Category:CS1 maint: deprecated archival service|link]])</span> [[Category:CS1 maint: deprecated archival service]]</ref> Na United Kingdom, duet ahụ ghọrọ otu n'ime egwu ndị a ma ama n'oge ọkọchị. Na Official UK Afrobeats Chart, ọ malitere na nọmba 3 n'izu nke 15 June 2024 ma nọrọ izu 13 n'usoro na chaatị ahụ. N'oge niile ọ na-agba ọsọ, otu ahụ nọgidere na-anọ n'elu iri maka izu iri na atọ niile, na-egosi otu n'ime arụmọrụ kachasị ike nke Starr na mpaghara ahụ.<ref name="Officialcharts">{{Cite web|title=Last Heartbreak Song|url=https://www.officialcharts.com/songs/ayra-starrgiveon-last-heartbreak-song/|work=Official Charts|accessdate=27 November 2025|language=en|date=15 June 2024}}</ref> Egwu a mere nke ọma n'ahịa Starr. Na Naịjirịa, egwu "Last Heartbreak Song" pụtara na nọmba 25 na TurnTable Top 100 n'izu nke 31 Mee ruo 6 Juun 2024, wee rute nọmba 16 n'izu nke abụọ ya na nọmba 14 n'ime nke atọ ya tupu ọ daa n'ime ndị 20 kacha elu n'izu sochirinụ. Na Jenụwarị 2025, TurnTable Certification System of Nigeria (TCSN) nyere ya asambodo ọlaedo. <ref name="TurnTablecert">{{Cite web|title=certifications|url=https://www.turntablecharts.com/certification|work=[[TurnTable Certification System of Nigeria]]|publisher=[[TurnTable charts]]|accessdate=27 November 2025}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.turntablecharts.com/certification "certifications"]. ''[[TurnTable Certification System of Nigeria]]''. [[TurnTable charts]]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 November</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> Na mba ụwa, ọ hụrụ obere ọrụ chaatị. Na New Zealand, ọ banyere na chaatị New Zealand Top 40 Singles na nọmba 36 n'ime izu nke June 7-13, 2024 ma nọgide n'otu ọnọdụ maka izu nke abụọ n'usoro.<ref name="NZTop40">{{Cite web|title=Hot 40 Singles Tukutahi Arotini 40|url=https://aotearoamusiccharts.co.nz/archive/hot-singles/2024-06-07|work=aotearoamusiccharts.co.nz|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|accessdate=27 November 2025|language=en}}</ref> N'etiti usoro mmekọrịta na ntanetị n'ụwa niile, mmekorita ahụ nwetara nkwekọrịta na-adịgide adịgide, nke usoro duet ya na ndị na-ese ihe n'ụwa nile kpaliri.<ref name="Unorthodoxrev">{{Cite web|author=Nwaokolo|first=Nneamaka|title=20 Ayra Starr Essentials That Prove Her Star Power|url=https://unorthodoxreviews.com/20-essential-songs-by-ayra-starr|work=Unorthodox Reviews|accessdate=27 November 2025|date=27 March 2025}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFNwaokolo2025">Nwaokolo, Nneamaka (27 March 2025). [https://unorthodoxreviews.com/20-essential-songs-by-ayra-starr "20 Ayra Starr Essentials That Prove Her Star Power"]. ''Unorthodox Reviews''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 November</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> A họpụtara ya na 17th Headies Awards maka Best Recording of the Year na Best R&B Single, wee merie nke ikpeazụ.<ref name="HeadiesAwards">{{Cite web|title=The 17th Headies Award Winners - The Headies|url=https://theheadies.com/the-17th-headies-award-winners/|work=[[The Headies]]|accessdate=27 November 2025|date=29 April 2025|archivedate=2 May 2025|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250502160017/https://theheadies.com/the-17th-headies-award-winners/}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">. ''[[The Headies]]''. 29 April 2025<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 November</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> O nwetakwara nhọpụta maka MTV Push Performance of the Year na 2025 MTV Video Music Awards. <ref name="OkayAfrica">{{Cite news|author=Esomnofu|first=Emmanuel|title=Tyla, Ayra Starr and Moliy Shine at MTV VMAs 2025|url=https://www.okayafrica.com/tyla-ayra-starr-and-moliy-shine-at-mtv-vmas-2025/1410280|accessdate=27 November 2025|work=www.okayafrica.com|date=8 September 2025}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFEsomnofu2025">Esomnofu, Emmanuel (8 September 2025). [https://www.okayafrica.com/tyla-ayra-starr-and-moliy-shine-at-mtv-vmas-2025/1410280 "Tyla, Ayra Starr and Moliy Shine at MTV VMAs 2025"]. ''www.okayafrica.com''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 November</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> == Vidio egwu == [[File:Ayra_Starr_in_Last_Heartbreak_Song.png|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Starr na-eguzo n'etiti mgbidi ndị gbawara agbawa na ndị na-ada ada, anya mechiri emechi ma bulie aka ya n'akụkụ obi ya ka ọ na-abụ abụ na mmetụta siri ike, elu ihe ọkụkụ ya na-acha odo odo na uwe uhie uhie na-emegide ikuku ihu igwe.]] Vidio egwu maka "Last Heartbreak Song" malitere na 3 June 2024, ụbọchị atọ mgbe a tọhapụrụ The Year I Turned 21, na ọwa [[YouTube]] nke Starr.<ref name="Nollywoodbreak" /> N'ịbụ nke onye America na-eme ihe nkiri Bobby Hanaford duziri, onye ọrụ ya gụnyere ọrụ ya na [[Rema (musician)|Rema]], [[Johnny Drille]], John Legend, na G-Eazy, e mere vidio ahụ n'ebe dị n'ụsọ osimiri dị na Oxnard, California, nke e nwetara site na ebe a na-akwụ ụgwọ Giggster, nke gosipụtara ụsọ oké osimiri dịpụrụ adịpụ dị ka ebe dị mma maka ịgba égbè ahụ. Echiche ahụ na-elekwasị anya na mmekọrịta dị n'etiti Starr na Giveon ka ha na-egosi ndị na-ahụ n'anya abụọ na-anwa ịmekọrịta ọzọ. Ihe ngosi ahụ na-eji palette dị ala na ọnọdụ dị mkpirikpi, na ọtụtụ ihe nkiri na-emegide ìhè na-agbanwe agbanwe nke [[Òrìmìlì Pacific|Pacific]] na ájá ikuku. A na-ewu akụkọ ahụ gburugburu ihe mgbochi siri ike nke dị n'etiti ndị na-eme ihe nkiri abụọ ahụ. Starr pụtara n'otu akụkụ nke mgbidi ahụ, na-eguzo n'ime ogige square na n'ebe dị anya site na mgbalị Giveon iru ya. Ka ọ na-enye amaokwu ya, mgbidi ahụ na-amalite iji nwayọọ nwayọọ gbajie. Igwefoto na-ekewapụkarị Starr na foto ndị dị n'etiti ebe Giveon na-anọgide na-ekpuchi onwe ya n'azụ ihe mgbochi ahụ, na-egosipụta esemokwu lyrical nke ihe odide abụọ ahụ na-ebi n'ebe mmetụta uche dị iche iche. Ihe osise sara mbara nke ụsọ mmiri na-eme ka usoro ahụ sie ike ma mee ka isiokwu nke ịdị anya na mmetụta nke mmekọrịta dị na flux.<ref name="Nollywoodbreak">{{Cite news|author=Irabor|first=Joan|title=Ayra Starr's ''Last Heartbreak Song'' Video Portrays Ill-Fated Romance - Nollywood Reporter|url=https://thenollywoodreporter.com/news/ayra-starrs-last-heartbreak-song-video-portrays-ill-fated-romance/|accessdate=26 November 2025|work=The Nollywood Reporter|date=8 June 2024|language=en}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFIrabor2024">Irabor, Joan (8 June 2024). [https://thenollywoodreporter.com/news/ayra-starrs-last-heartbreak-song-video-portrays-ill-fated-romance/ "Ayra Starr's ''Last Heartbreak Song'' Video Portrays Ill-Fated Romance - Nollywood Reporter"]. ''The Nollywood Reporter''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 November</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> N'oge a na-agba ajụjụ ọnụ na ''Billboard'' News, Starr kọwara ọnọdụ dị na setịpụrụ dị ka "oké oyi", na-akọwa na ọ nọgidere bụrụ "onye ọkachamara" n'agbanyeghị na ọ na-ese ihe nkiri na ifufe siri ike n'ụsọ oké osimiri. O kwuru na edere abụ ahụ n'oge nnọkọ maka abọm izizi ya mana e gbochiri ya n'ihi na ọ "dịbeghị njikere", na-akpọ ya ndekọ ọ "hụrụ n'anya" na nke ọ chọrọ iwebata ya na ntozu oke mmetụta uche. Starr kwuru na amaokwu Giveon "mechara ndekọ ahụ", na-agbakwụnye na olu ha "na-agbakọta" n'ụzọ ọ hụrụ "mara mma". Giveon, onye na-apụtachaghị na vidiyo egwu, gwara Billboard na ọ kwetara isonye n'ihi na ọ bụ "onye na-akwado Ayra", na-ekwu na mmekorita ahụ dị ka ihe dị otú o kwesịrị nakwa na foto ahụ, ọ bụ ezie na ọ jụrụ oyi, bụ "ihe na-atọ ụtọ". Hanaford kwuru na Starr zitere ya abụ ahụ na "oge kwesịrị ekwesị", na-ekwu na ọ jikọtara ya na isiokwu ya ma dee echiche anya n'ime ụbọchị abụọ.<ref name="BehindScenes">{{Cite news|author=Cao|first=Katie|title=Behind the Scenes of Ayra Starr's Music Video 'Last Heartbreak Song' With Giveon {{!}} Billboard News|url=https://www.billboard.com/video/ayra-starr-video-last-heartbreak-song-giveon/|accessdate=26 November 2025|work=Billboard|date=3 June 2024}}</ref> A tụlere ihe nnọchianya dị na vidiyo ahụ na mgbasa ozi Naijiria. Adeayo Adeniyi nke Pulse Nigeria dere na Starr "guzo n'azụ mgbidi simenti n'ihe bụ ihe nnọchianya nke nchebe ọ guzobere mgbe obi mgbu gasịrị", na-ekwu na ihe owuwu ahụ "eji nwayọọ nwayọọ gbawara ma nyefee ụzọ" n'oge amaokwu Giveon ka ọ na-arịọ maka ime udo. <ref name="Pulsebreak">{{Cite news|author=Adebiyi|first=Adeayo|title=Ayra Starr releases the visuals for 'Last Heartbreak Song' featuring Giveon|url=https://www.pulse.ng/story/ayra-starr-drops-video-for-last-heartbreak-song-featuring-giveon-2024072705271492786|accessdate=26 November 2025|work=Pulse Nigeria|date=4 June 2024|language=en}}</ref> Naomi de Moura nke Verge Magazine kọwara ihe ngosi ahụ dị ka ihe oyiyi "dị ọnụ n'akụkụ osimiri" nke "na-ebuli ọnọdụ ikuku nke mgbidi Afro-R&B", na-ahụ na-emechi ya nwayọọ nwayọọ nwayọọ. " ''[[BellaNaija]]'' kpọrọ ya nkọwa na-adịghị ike, nke na-adịghị mma nke obi mgbawa nke e mere iji gosipụta mgbanwe olu n'etiti ndị omenkà abụọ ahụ. <ref name="Vergebreaks">{{Cite news|author=Moura|first=Naomi de|title=Ayra Starr Releases 'Last Heartbreak Song' Music Video with Giveon! – Music|url=https://vergemagazine.co.uk/ayra-starr-releases-last-heartbreak-song-music-video-with-giveon/|accessdate=26 November 2025|work=Verge Magazine|date=6 June 2024}}</ref> Nnakwere vidiyo ahụ dị mgbagwoju anya. Ọ bụ ezie na ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ na-eto mgbochi mmetụta uche ya, Anjolaoluwa Abiosun nke The ''[[Nigeria Entertainment Today|Netng]]'' kwuru na ogbugbu ahụ "erughị atụmanya", na-ekwu na "ọ bụ ezie na Ayra na-anwa igosipụta ngosipụta nke onye merụrụ ahụ, enweghị egwu zuru ezu na vidiyo ahụ ka akụkọ anya kwenye.<ref name="Bellabreak">{{Cite news|title=Ayra Starr & Giveon's “Last Heartbreak Song” Video Will Have You Hitting Repeat|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2024/06/ayra-starr-giveon-last-heartbreak-song/|accessdate=26 November 2025|work=BellaNaija|date=3 June 2024}}</ref> " Mbipụta ahụ kwubiri na ụzọ ya na-enweghị isi "mere ka vidiyo ahụ daa dị larịị ma e jiri ya tụnyere ịma mma nke egwu ahụ. "N'agbanyeghị nkatọ a, a maara ntụziaka Hanaford maka ịdị mfe ya.<ref name="TheNetNgbreak">{{Cite news|author=Abiosun|first=Anjolaoluwa|title=Ayra Starr Releases Visuals To 'Last Heartbreak Song' And Its Underwhelming|url=https://thenet.ng/ayra-starr-releases-visuals-to-last-heartbreak-song-and-its-underwhelming/|accessdate=26 November 2025|date=4 June 2024}}</ref> Vidio ahụ gafere 260,000 n'ime awa 15 mbụ a tọhapụrụ ya ma gaa n'ihu na-enweta nlele n'ụzọ na-aga n'ihu n'oge niile a na-ewepụta abọm ahụ.<ref name="Pulsebreak" /> == Egwuregwu na-eme ihe nkiri == Starr tinyere "Last Heartbreak Song" n'ime ihe ngosi ya mgbe a tọhapụrụ ya, na-egosi egwu ahụ n'ụzọ pụtara ìhè na ndepụta egwu ya n'ime afọ 2024 na 2025. Egwú ahụ mere ihe ngosi telivishọn mbụ ya na United States na 23 Julaị 2024, mgbe Starr rụrụ na The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon dị ka akụkụ nke medley ya na "Woman Commando", na-egosi na ọ pụtara na telivisheneng abalị nke America.<ref name="JimmyFallon1" /> <ref name="NBCLive">{{Cite news|title=Ayra Starr: Last Heartbreak Song/Woman Commando|url=https://www.nbc.com/the-tonight-show/video/ayra-starr-last-heartbreak-songwoman-commando/NBCE516741589|accessdate=27 November 2025|work=[[NBC]]|date=24 July 2024}}</ref> Egwuregwu ahụ malitere na R&amp;amp;B-themed "Last Heartbreak Song" tupu ọ gbanwee gaa na "Woman Commando", na Starr na-enye ihe ndị nkatọ kọwara dị ka "kpakpando" na "electrifying".<ref name="JimmyFallon1" /><ref name="USTVDebut" /> Ọdịdị ahụ mere ka ọnọdụ ya sie ike n'etiti ndị na-ese ihe na Naijiria bụ ndị rụrụ ọrụ na mmemme ahụ, sonye na Burna Boy, [[Wizkid]], [[Davido]], Rema, [[Fireboy DML]], na Asake.<ref name="USTVDebut">{{Cite news|author=Okanlawon|first=Taiwo|title=Ayra Starr makes TV debut on on[sic] The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon|url=https://pmnewsnigeria.com/2024/07/24/ayra-starr-makes-tv-debut-on-on-the-tonight-show-starring-jimmy-fallon/|accessdate=27 November 2025|work=[[P.M. News]]|date=24 July 2024}}</ref> N'oge mmeghe ya na Coldplay's Music of the Spheres World Tour, Starr na-etinye "Last Heartbreak Song" na ndepụta ya.<ref name="Ayra Starr Setlist">{{Cite web|title=Ayra Starr Concert Setlists|url=https://www.setlist.fm/setlists/ayra-starr-1bf475b8.html|work=setlist.fm|accessdate=27 November 2025|language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.setlist.fm/setlists/ayra-starr-1bf475b8.html "Ayra Starr Concert Setlists"]. ''setlist.fm''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 November</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> Na nkwụsị nke njem ahụ na Craven Park Stadium na Hull, England, na 18 Ọgọstụ 2025, Starr nyere nsụgharị na-emetụ n'ahụ, na-agwa ndị na-ege ntị na abụ ahụ "esiri ike ịbụ abụ" tupu ha emee ya.<ref name="ColdplayxAyra" /> O mechara kpọọ egwu na egwu Wembley Stadium nke Coldplay, wee bụrụ akụkụ nke ihe nkiri mmeghe maka ihe nkiri ahụ nke ụbọchị iri gara aga n'ebe ahụ. BBC News na NME gosiri njikọ mmetụta uche nke Starr na ihe nkiri ahụ n'oge ihe ngosi ndị a..<ref name="ColdplayxAyra">{{Cite news|author=Buccieri|first=Sarah-May|title=As it happened: Coldplay's world tour hits Hull|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/live/cdd3rz9j0d3t|accessdate=27 November 2025|work=BBC News|date=19 August 2025}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFBuccieri2025">Buccieri, Sarah-May (19 August 2025). [https://www.bbc.com/news/live/cdd3rz9j0d3t "As it happened: Coldplay's world tour hits Hull"]. ''BBC News''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 November</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref><ref name="ColdplayUK">{{Cite news|author=Dunworth|first=Liberty|title=Coldplay kick off their UK stadium run in Hull, address kiss-cam “debacle|url=https://www.nme.com/news/music/coldplay-kick-off-their-uk-stadium-run-in-hull-address-kiss-cam-debacle-3885704|accessdate=27 November 2025|work=NME|date=19 August 2025}}</ref> E gosipụtakwara egwu ahụ na arụmọrụ Starr na Tidal Rave Festival na Ghana na 15 Nọvemba 2025, ebe ọ jere ozi dị ka onye isi mbụ na-abụghị onye Ghana na akụkọ ihe mere eme afọ 13 nke mmemme ahụ. <ref name="AyraStarrTidalRave">{{Cite news|author=Coomson|first=Nana Kwesi|title=Ayra Starr to perform at 2025 Tidal Rave Festival|url=https://thechronicle.com.gh/ayra-starr-to-perform-at-2025-tidal-rave-festival/|accessdate=27 November 2025|work=[[The Ghanaian Chronicle]]|date=31 October 2025}}</ref><ref name="Ghanamusic">{{Cite news|title=Tidal Rave Festival 2025 draws crowds to La Palm Royal Beach with Black Sherif, Ayra Starr {{!}} Ghana Music|url=https://ghanamusic.com/news/2025/11/15/tidal-rave-festival-2025-draws-crowds-to-la-palm-royal-beach-with-black-sherif-ayra-starr/|accessdate=27 November 2025|work=Ghana Music|date=15 November 2025}}</ref> Egwuregwu ahụ mere na La Palm Royal Beach Hotel na Accra n'oge emume "Wild Card".<ref>{{Cite news|title=Ayra Starr to headline 2025 Tidal Rave Festival|url=https://www.adomonline.com/ayra-starr-to-headline-2025-tidal-rave-festival/|accessdate=27 November 2025|work=AdomOnline|date=30 October 2025}}</ref> Tupu ọ banye n'ọkwa, Starr kpughere n'ajụjụ ọnụ n'ọdụ ụgbọ elu na 3Music TV na ọ ga-emeghe setịpụrụ ya na "Who's Dat Girl", ọ bụ ezie na "Last Heartbreak Song" nọgidere bụrụ akụkụ dị mkpa nke arụmọrụ ya.<ref name="AyraStarr Ghana">{{Cite news|author=Newman|first=Christabel|title=Ayra Starr Arrives in Ghana Ahead of Tidal Rave Festival - 3Music.tv|url=https://www.3music.tv/section/news/article/ayra-starr-arrives-in-ghana-ahead-of-tidal-rave-festival-2025-11-14|accessdate=27 November 2025|work=3MusicTV|date=14 November 2025|language=en}}</ref> == Ndị ọrụ == Ihe nrite sitere na Spotify.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Last Heartbreak Song (feat. Giveon) – Credits|url=https://open.spotify.com/track/1A1ifX8sWzelNpkL5PxcHT|work=[[Spotify]]|accessdate=27 November 2025}}</ref> '''Ebe edere ya''' * Edere ya na Mavin Studios (Lagos) '''Ihe ndị e dere n'akwụkwọ''' * [[Ayra Starr]] - onye na-eduzi olu, onye na-ede egwu * Giveon - ndị na-agụ egwú, onye na-ede egwu * Oyinkansola Sarah Aderibigbe - onye na-ede egwu * Kehinde Alabi - onye na-ede egwu, onye na-emepụta * Giveon Evans - onye na-ede abụ * Prince Omoferi - onye na-ede abụ * Leon Thomas nke Atọ - onye na-ede abụ * Lawson - onye na-ede abụ * Prosper Agha Odu - ụbọ * Louddaaa - onye na-emepụta ihe, Injinia ọdịyo * [[Johnny Drille]] - onye injinia na-ngwakọta == Chaatị ==   == asambodo == {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="text-align:center" |+asambodo maka "Last Heartbreak Song" ! scope="col" |Ógbè ! scope="col" |asambodo ! scope="col" |Ngwongwo ndị a kwadoro |- ! scope="row" |Naịjirịa (TCSN) |Ọlaedo |50,000‡ |- | colspan="3" style="text-align:left;" |‡ Ọnụ ọgụgụ ahịa + mgbasa ozi dabere na asambodo naanị. |} == Hụkwa == * Billboard Year-End U.S. Afrobeats Songs of 2024 == Ihe edeturu == == Edemsibia == {{Reflist}}{{Ayra Starr}}{{The Headies Award for Best R&B Single}}  [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 01qas5fsp2gsox5dnh9r8f8xmop3whc 0 73456 632268 597374 2026-05-08T05:28:50Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 632268 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox biography vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" |<div class="fn">Lani Adeoye</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |A mụrụ ya | class="infobox-data" |<div class="birthplace" style="display:inline">Naịjirịa</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Alma mater&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |[[McGill University|Mahadum McGill]] (azụmahịa), [[Parsons School of Design]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ọrụ | class="infobox-data role" |Onye na-emepụta ihe; onye bụbu onye ndụmọdụ atụmatụ |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |A maara ya maka&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |Onye guzobere Studio Lani; onye mmeri Afrịka mbụ nke asọmpi SaloneSatellite |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Onyinye | class="infobox-data" |Ihe nrite SaloneSatellite (2022) |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ | class="infobox-data" |<span class="url">[https://web.archive.org/web/20250216100829/https://studiolani.com/ studiolani.com]</span> |} '''Lani Adeoye''' bụ onye Naijiria na Canada na-emepụta ihe omimi. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Caufin|first=Alexandra|date=2020-06-03|title=Inside the West Africa–Inspired Forms of Studio Lani|url=https://www.designlinesmagazine.com/inside-the-west-africa-inspired-forms-of-studio-lani/|accessdate=2025-04-04|work=Designlines Magazine|language=en}}</ref> Ọ ghọrọ onye mmepụta Afrịka mbụ meriri asọmpi SaloneSatellite.<ref>{{Cite web|title=In conversation with Lani Adeoye, winner of the SaloneSatellite Award|url=https://www.salonemilano.it/en/articles/conversation-lani-adeoye-winner-salonesatellite-award|accessdate=2025-04-04|work=[[Salone del Mobile]]|language=en}}</ref> E gosipụtara ọrụ ya na Elle Décor, Wallpaper, Azure na Architectural Digest . <ref>{{Cite web|title=It takes a village|url=https://www.designindaba.com/articles/creative-work/it-takes-village|accessdate=2025-04-04|work=[[Design Indaba]]|language=en}}</ref> A kpọkwara ya aha na ndepụta Elle Décor nke 2020 nke "Women of the World: 75 Global Female Designers".<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-06-12|title=These Women Are Creating the World's Coolest Designs Right Now|url=https://www.elledecor.com/design-decorate/g32826504/women-designers-international/|accessdate=2025-04-04|work=ELLE Decor|language=en-US}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye hiwere Studio Lani, usoro nhazi a ma ama maka ọrụ ya n'ọtụtụ ngalaba imewe, gụnyere ihe ọkpụkpụ, arịa ụlọ, ọkụ, ejiji, na ngwaọrụ enyemaka.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Owoh|first=Words: Ugonna-Ora|title=10 Questions With... Lani Adeoye|url=https://interiordesign.net/designwire/10-questions-designer-lani-adeoye-african-design/|accessdate=2025-04-04|work=Interior Design|language=en-US}}</ref> Vitra Design Museum, Montreal Museum of Fine Arts na Die Neue Sammlung enwetala ọrụ ya.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2023-04-25|title=Yael Mer, Shay Alkalay, George Yabu, Lani Adeoye and Glenn Pushelberg named Dezeen Awards 2023 judges|url=https://www.dezeen.com/2023/04/25/yael-mer-shay-alkalay-george-yabu-glenn-pushelberg-dezeen-awards-2023-judges/|accessdate=2025-04-04|work=[[Dezeen]]|language=en}}</ref> Ọ bụkwa prọfesọ nleta na Parsons - The New School of Design . <ref>{{Cite web|date=2024-12-11|title=Why We Admire Lani Adeoye and How Her Vision Aligns with Homa's Purpose|url=https://homaeurope.eu/archives/8794|accessdate=2025-04-04|work=Homa|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ọrụ == O guzobere Studio Lani, ụlọ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ aka nke lekwasịrị anya na Designing Craft Futures . <ref>{{Cite web|title=On a Deeper Level – Design Miami/ · Design Miami|url=https://designmiami.com/article/on-a-deeper-level|accessdate=2025-04-04|work=designmiami.com|language=en}}</ref> Ụlọ ihe nkiri ahụ na-enweta mkpali site na tapestry nke Ihe nketa ọdịbendị ọdịda anyanwụ Afrịka.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Bertoli|first=Rosa|date=2021-04-07|title=Wallpaper* Global Interiors: a snapshot of design in Africa|url=https://www.wallpaper.com/design/wallpaper-global-interiors-africa|accessdate=2025-04-04|work=wallpaper.com|language=en}}</ref> Tinyere ọrụ ya na studio, ọ bụkwa prọfesọ enyemaka na Parsons. Tupu Parsons, Adeoye gara Mahadum McGill na Kanada ebe ọ gụrụ azụmaahịa. Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, ọ sonyeere ụlọ ọrụ ndụmọdụ zuru ụwa ọnụ Accenture dị ka Onye Ndụmọdụ Atụmatụ ebe o jiri ike ya atọ na sistemụ ozi, atụmatụ na ahịa.<ref name="Wilburw-2023" /> === Ọrụ === Otu n'ime ọrụ Adeoye bụ ''RemX Walker'', ihe a tụrụ atụ, onye na-agagharị agagharị nke e mere iji maa ịma mma nke ọgwụ nke ihe enyemaka ọdịnala aka.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2023-04-18|title=Lani Adeoye: «Progettare nel rispetto dell'umanità»|url=https://www.laprovinciadicomo.it/stories/Rubriche/lani-adeoye-progettare-nel-rispetto-dellumanita-o_1469471_11/|accessdate=2025-04-04|work=www.laprovinciadicomo.it|language=it}}</ref> N'ịbụ onye ahụmahụ nna nna ya nwere na ndị na-agagharị agagharị kpaliri, Adeoye gbalịrị ịmepụta ihe na-arụ ọrụ ma dị ùgwù, merie ihe nrite mbụ na asọmpi SaloneSatellite nke Milan nke 2022: "Designing for Our Future Selves".<ref>{{Cite web|title=14 Young Designer Highlights from the SaloneSatellite in Milan|url=https://interiordesign.net/designwire/14-young-designer-highlights-from-the-salonesatellite-in-milan/|accessdate=2025-04-04|work=Interior Design|language=en-US}}</ref> Na mgbakwunye na RemX Walker, Adeoye's ''EKAABO'' Collection malitere na Salone del Mobile na Milan na 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2024-02-25|title=Adeoye's African Inspired – RemX Walker- Steals the Show at SaloneSate|url=https://farsh.com.sa/blogs/news/how-to-make-your-home-a-showplace?srsltid=AfmBOorTw3QAXPmG2FmthmAnkqNviXqEppF3NBmYbeBW75m5v4jE9GE6|accessdate=2025-04-04|work=Farsh|language=en}}</ref> Nchịkọta ya gosipụtara ihe na-egbuke egbuke na oche ndị na-etinye ihe ọdịnala Naijiria dị iche iche dị ka [[Aso oke|Aso-oke]], ọla nchara, na akpụkpọ anụ a na-akpa akpa, nke e chegharịrị na mmetụta nke oge a.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Five Designers Putting the Lagos Scene on the Map|url=https://www.culturedmag.com/article/2022/02/22/five-designers-putting-the-lagos-scene-on-the-map|accessdate=2025-04-04|work=www.culturedmag.com|date=22 February 2022|language=en}}</ref> Ọrụ Adeoye gụnyekwara nchịkọta Talking Stools, nke na-adọta mmụọ nsọ site na drum na-ekwu okwu na West Africa ma na-eche na akwa ala ọdịnala dị ka ákwà mkpuchi ụlọ.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Derringer|first=Jaime|date=2017-05-31|title=WantedDesign 2017 Launch Pad Winner: Studio Lani|url=https://design-milk.com/wanteddesign-2017-launch-pad-furniture-winner-studio-lani/|accessdate=2025-04-04|work=Design Milk|language=en}}</ref> Ọ na-arụkọ ọrụ na ndị omenkà, gụnyere ụmụ nwanyị na-akpa akwa, iji chekwaa ọrụ aka ọdịnala na-adịgide adịgide ma sụgharịa ha na atụmatụ nke oge a.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Studio Lani's versatile Talking Tables win at the NYC WantedDesign Launch Pad|url=https://www.designindaba.com/articles/creative-work/studio-lanis-versatile-talking-tables-win-nyc-wanteddesign-launch-pad|accessdate=2025-04-04|work=[[Design Indaba]]|language=en}}</ref> Ọ rụkwara ọrụ dị ka onye ọka ikpe maka ọtụtụ onyinye gụnyere Dezeen Awards na 2023, <ref>{{Cite web|date=2023-10-11|title=World's 47 most outstanding designs shortlisted for Dezeen Awards 2023|url=https://www.dezeen.com/2023/10/11/design-shortlis-dezeen-awards-2023/|accessdate=2025-04-04|work=[[Dezeen]]|language=en}}</ref> IF Design na 2024 na 2025. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2023-12-02|title=Lani Adeoye of Studio Lani Named Jury Member for iF Design Award 2024|url=https://livinspaces.net/design-stories/news/lani-adeoye-if-design-award-juror/|accessdate=2025-04-04|language=en-US}}</ref> === Onyinye na mmata === E gosipụtara ọrụ ya n'akwụkwọ, gụnyere Architectural Digest, Elle Décor, Wallpaper, na The New York Times.<ref name="Wilburw-2023">{{Cite web|author=wilburw|date=2023-03-13|title=Lani Adeoye, AAS Interior Design '14 and Faculty Member at Parsons, is Reframing West African Heritage Through Design for the World|url=https://blogs.newschool.edu/news/2023/03/lani-adeoye-aas-interior-design-14-and-faculty-member-at-parsons-is-reframing-west-african-heritage-through-design-for-the-world/|accessdate=2025-04-04|work=The New School News|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFwilburw2023">wilburw (2023-03-13). [https://blogs.newschool.edu/news/2023/03/lani-adeoye-aas-interior-design-14-and-faculty-member-at-parsons-is-reframing-west-african-heritage-through-design-for-the-world/ "Lani Adeoye, AAS Interior Design '14 and Faculty Member at Parsons, is Reframing West African Heritage Through Design for the World"]. ''The New School News''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2025-04-04</span></span>.</cite></ref> A kpọkwara Adeoye aha na ndepụta Elle Décor nke 2020 nke "Women of the World: 75 Global Female Designers Worth Celebrating".<ref>{{Cite web|author=Yang|first=Vy|date=2022-03-21|title=Spotlight on Trailblazing Female Designers: Part 2|url=https://design-milk.com/spotlight-on-trailblazing-female-designers-part-2/|accessdate=2025-04-04|work=Design Milk|language=en}}</ref> E bipụtara ya n'akwụkwọ gụnyere akwụkwọ atọ site na Phaidon: Designed For Life, Woman Made na 1000 Design Classics and Designing Design Education" site na IF Design Foundation.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Ru Keh-|first=Pei|date=2021-11-01|title=Woman Made: the book celebrating great women in design|url=https://www.wallpaper.com/design/woman-made-a-book-celebrates-two-centuries-of-great-women-in-design|accessdate=2025-04-04|work=wallpaper.com|language=en}}</ref> Ọtụtụ n'ime ọrụ Adeoye nwetara site na ụlọ ọrụ, gụnyere Vitra Design Museum na [[Jémanị|Germany]], Montreal Museum of Fine Arts na Canada, <ref>{{Cite web|title=Lani Adeoye {{!}} Biography|url=https://www.mutualart.com/Artist/Lani-Adeoye/48E57FCFAA2F4208/Biography|accessdate=2025-04-04|work=www.mutualart.com|language=en}}</ref> na Die Neue Sammlung na Munich, Germany. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Person/Firma: Studio Lani (Adeoye, Lani) (*1989)|url=https://www.die-neue-sammlung.de/er/designer_producer/studio-lani-adeoye-lani-1989/|accessdate=2025-04-04|work=Die Neue Sammlung|language=en-easy}}</ref> === Ụzọ e si emepụta ihe === Usoro imewe Adeoye lekwasịrị anya n'ịdịgide na ijikọta usoro ọrụ aka ọdịnala nke ọdịda anyanwụ Afrịka na usoro imewe nke oge a..<ref>{{Cite web|author=Ogunnaike|first=Lola|date=2022-03-04|title=Meet The 7 Lagos-Based Talents Leading Charge in Next-Wave Design|url=https://www.architecturaldigest.com/story/meet-the-7-lagos-based-talents-leading-charge-in-next-wave-design|accessdate=2025-04-04|work=Architectural Digest|language=en-US}}</ref> Ọrụ Adeoye na-ejikarị ihe na usoro ndị ndụ kwa ụbọchị na-emetụta na [[Naijiria|Naịjirịa]], gụnyere ihe ndị dị ka usoro ntutu isi dị mgbagwoju anya a hụrụ na Lagos.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Black Makers Reflect on the Cultural Roots of Their Crafts|url=https://interiordesign.net/designwire/black-makers-reflect-on-the-cultural-roots-of-their-crafts/|accessdate=2025-04-04|work=Interior Design|language=en-US}}</ref> N'ịdabere na ihe nketa Naijiria ya, ọ na-akọwa ihe ọdịnala na usoro n'ụdị oge a, na ebumnuche nke ịgbasawanye nghọta nke imewe ọdịda anyanwụ Afrịka n'ọnọdụ nke oge a. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Six young designers whose work caught our eye|url=https://www.stylepark.com/en/news/young-designers-salone-del-mobile-salone-satellite-milan-design-week-female-designers-stylepark|accessdate=2025-04-04|work=Stylepark|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Lani Adeoye à l'honneur : Imaginer l'avenir de l'artisanat|url=https://vantaart.com/blog/events/lani-adeoye-a-l-honneur-imaginer-l-avenir-de-l-artisanat-38|accessdate=2025-04-04|work=Vantaart}}</ref> == Edemsibia == {{Reflist}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] lste975jl0l1tgdi3cqvmeaeotia31d 0 73818 632238 623394 2026-05-07T18:36:32Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 632238 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Databox}}'''Justina Ogunlolu''' (amụrụ na 23 Julaị 1984), onye a maara dịka '''Justina Lee Brown''' n'ọrụ aka ya, bụ onye Afrịka Naịjirịa, onye na-abụ abụ egwu funk, soul, blues, rock na jazz, na-ede abụ. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Justina Lee Brown's profile - Beyond Music|url=https://www.beyondmusic.org/artist/1412|accessdate=2024-07-31|work=www.beyondmusic.org|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Adebiyi|first=Adeayo|date=2024-04-11|title=Inside Justina Lee Brown's colourful world of Funk & Blues|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/justina-lee-brown-captures-the-nigerian-sensibility/0c02n5d|accessdate=2024-07-31|work=Pulse Nigeria|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Justina Lee Brown - Sierre Blues Festival|url=https://www.sierreblues.ch/en/artists/justina-lee-brown-331|accessdate=2024-08-01|work=Justina Lee Brown – Sierre Blues Festival|language=en-EN|archivedate=2024-08-01|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240801000105/https://www.sierreblues.ch/en/artists/justina-lee-brown-331}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Pichler|first=Phillip|date=2024-01-02|title=Kammgarn Kaiserslautern: Justina Lee Brown - SIMsKultur|url=https://simskultur.eu/en/kammgarn-kaiserslautern-justina-lee-brown/|accessdate=2024-08-26|work=SIMsCulture|language=en}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye mbụ meriri n'asọmpi ịbụ abụ [[Nokia First Chance]] n'eziokwu na 2006. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Omosola|first=Friday|date=2024-04-23|title=Nigeria's Justina Lee Brown's album 'Lost Child' dominates European chart|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/music/688505-nigerias-justina-lee-browns-album-lost-child-dominates-european-chart.html|accessdate=2024-07-31|work=[[Premium Times]]|language=en}}</ref> Brown meriri [[Swiss Blues Challenge]] na 2019, ruo ọkara nke ikpeazụ nke International Blues Challenge na Memphis, Tennessee (US) na 2020, ma merie nke abụọ maka Switzerland na [[European Blues Challenge]] na Malmö, Sweden, na 2022. A họpụtara ya maka [[Swiss Blues Awards]] 2022 ma bụrụ onye na-eme ihe ngosi mmalite maka Zucchero <ref>{{Cite web|title=53rd International Jazz Week: Justina Lee Brown and D.K. Harrelli - City of Burghausen|url=https://www.burghausen.de/en/event/culture/jazz/53-international-jazz-week-justina-lee-brown-and-d-k-harrelli/|accessdate=2024-08-26|language=en}}</ref> na [[Sierre Blues Festival]] na Sierre, Switzerland, n'otu afọ ahụ. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Justina Lee Brown - Sierre Blues Festival|url=https://www.sierreblues.ch/en/artists/justina-lee-brown-331|accessdate=2024-07-31|work=Justina Lee Brown - Sierre Blues Festival|language=en-EN|archivedate=2024-08-01|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240801000105/https://www.sierreblues.ch/en/artists/justina-lee-brown-331}}</ref> Na 2024, o meriri Swiss Blues Awards, na-eme akụkọ ihe mere eme dịka onye Africa mbụ mere otú ahụ. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Egodo-Michael|first=Oghenovo|date=2024-05-03|title=Justina Brown makes history with Swiss Blues Award|url=https://punchng.com/justina-brown-makes-history-with-swiss-blues-award/|accessdate=2024-08-21|work=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Blues Festival Basel – JUSTINA LEE BROWN IST DIE GEWINNERIN DES SWISS BLUES AWARD 2024|url=https://www.bluesbasel.ch/news/justina-lee-brown-ist-die-gewinnerin-des-swiss-blues-award-2024|accessdate=2024-08-21|work=www.bluesbasel.ch|archivedate=2024-08-12|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240812081434/https://www.bluesbasel.ch/news/justina-lee-brown-ist-die-gewinnerin-des-swiss-blues-award-2024}}</ref> == Ndụ mbido == A mụrụ Justina Lee Brown n'okporo ámá nke agbataobi [[Ajegunle]] nke dị na [[Lagos|Lagos, Naịjirịa]], nye nna [[Ndi Yoruba|onye Yoruba]] na nne [[Ndị Ìgbò|onye Igbo]] . Nne ya mụrụ Justina mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na asaa, Justina na nne ya bikwa n'okporo ámá nke Lagos ebe nne ya na-ere akpa mmiri n'ahịa. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Ouest-France|date=2024-05-12|title=Jazz : Justina Lee Brown clôture le festival Ateliers jazz de Meslay-Grez|url=https://www.ouest-france.fr/pays-de-la-loire/meslay-du-maine-53170/jazz-justina-lee-brown-cloture-le-festival-ateliers-jazz-de-meslay-grez-d19c3ee0-1053-11ef-a435-79689117e2c9|accessdate=2024-08-26|work=Ouest-France.fr|language=fr}}</ref> Ọ malitere ndụ siri ike ma chọpụta egwu n'ihi na ike gwụrụ ya. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Blues Festival Basel – JUSTINA LEE BROWN IST DIE GEWINNERIN DES SWISS BLUES AWARD 2024|url=https://www.bluesbasel.ch/news/justina-lee-brown-ist-die-gewinnerin-des-swiss-blues-award-2024|accessdate=2024-08-26|work=www.bluesbasel.ch|archivedate=2024-08-12|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240812081434/https://www.bluesbasel.ch/news/justina-lee-brown-ist-die-gewinnerin-des-swiss-blues-award-2024}}</ref> Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị Unity na Ajegunla. Mgbe ọ na-etolite, Anita Baker, James Brown, [[Lucky Dube]] na [[Miriam Makeba]] nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu n'ahụ ya. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2024)">achọrọ ntụaka</span>]]'' &#x5D;</sup> == Ọrụ == Brown sochiri nke abụọ na asọmpi ịbụ abụ Nokia First Chance n'afọ 2006. O wepụtara egwu ole na ole tupu abụ mbụ ya a ma ama, nke akpọrọ "Omo too Sexy", na 2008 na vidiyo egwu maka egwu ahụ na mbido 2009. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Ltd|first=BandLab Singapore Pte|title=Justina Lee Brown with Morblus {{!}} Blues from Zürich, CH|url=https://www.reverbnation.com/justinaleebrown?popup_bio=true|accessdate=2024-08-21|work=ReverbNation|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=BellaNaija.com|date=2008-12-03|title='Omo 2 Sexy' for Justine|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2008/12/omo-2-sexy-for-justine/|accessdate=2024-08-21|work=BellaNaija|language=en-US}}</ref> O sochiri egwu ahụ a ma ama site na egwu ndị dị egwu, gụnyere "The Morning After", "Radio DJ" na "So Tempting". <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=Native|first=The|date=2017-03-07|title=The Shuffle: Justina's "Omo Too Sexy" has aged like fine wine|url=https://thenativemag.com/ipod-shuffle-justinas-omo-sexy-aged-like-fine-wine/|accessdate=2024-08-11|work=The NATIVE|language=en-US}}</ref>   N'afọ 2005, mgbe ọ gara Switzerland, ọ zutere otu onye Jamanị aha ya bụ Dean Zucchero, onye hụrụ olu na egwu ya n'anya, ma nyere ya aka guzobe otu egwu mbụ ya nke a kpọrọ 'The United Nations' mgbe ọ bụsịrị egwu ndụ ya na ha n'otu klọb. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Anagor-Ewuzie|first=Amaka|date=2024-03-24|title=Justina Lee Brown: Nigeria's singer makes waves in the European music scene|url=https://businessday.ng/life-arts/article/justina-lee-brown-nigerias-singer-makes-waves-in-the-european-music-scene/|accessdate=2024-08-21|work=Businessday NG|language=en-US}}</ref> Obere oge ka ọ gụchara egwu mbụ ya na Naịjirịa, ọ kwagara Switzerland. E mere ka ọ mata egwu Yuropu mgbe ọ dị afọ iri abụọ, ebe ọ mụtara ụdị egwu dị iche iche dịka blues, soul, jazz na [[afro funk]] . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Justina Lee Brown featured on CreativInn|url=https://creativinn.com/showroom/justina-lee-brown/|accessdate=2024-08-21|work=creativinn.com/|language=en-US}}</ref> Na 2019, afọ iri ka egwu mbụ ya gasịrị na Naịjirịa, Brown lọghachiri na abọm ọhụrụ, nke akpọrọ ''Black and White Feeling'', wee soro ya na ''Lost Child'' na 2023. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Omosola|first=Friday|date=2024-04-23|title=Nigeria's Justina Lee Brown's album ‘Lost Child’ dominates European chart|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/music/688505-nigerias-justina-lee-browns-album-lost-child-dominates-european-chart.html?utm_campaign=twitter&utm_medium=twitter&utm_source=twitter|accessdate=2024-08-21|work=[[Premium Times]]|language=en}}</ref> Dịka o si kwuo, "abọm kachasị ọhụrụ bụ ngosipụta nke onye ọ bụ, eziokwu ya, dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri nwere onwe ya na onye na-ekwupụta ihe nke na-anaghị ejide ụdị egwu ma ọ bụ aha ọ bụla." <ref>{{Cite web|author=Cyril|date=2024-03-16|title=How Nigerian Act Justina Lee Brown Continues To Trailblaze In Europe|url=https://thesun.ng/how-nigerian-act-justina-lee-brown-continues-to-trailblaze-in-europe/|accessdate=2024-08-21|work=The Sun Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref> === Njem nlegharị anya na ihe ngosi === Brown emeela ihe nkiri n'ihe karịrị mba iri atọ na egwu na ememme. A maara na egwu eletriki ya na olu ya na-akpali akpali na-adọrọ mmasị ndị na-ege ya ntị na ndị na-ege ya ntị. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Justina Lee Brown|url=https://triskell.ville-pontlabbe.bzh/evenement/justina-lee-brown/|accessdate=2024-08-26|work=Centre Culturel Le Triskell - Pont l'Abbé - Pays Bigouden|language=fr-FR}}</ref> Ọ mere ihe nkiri na [[Blues 'n' Jazz Festival]] na Rapperswil, Switzerland na 2023. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Cyril|date=2024-03-16|title=How Nigerian Act Justina Lee Brown Continues to Trailblaze in Europe|url=https://thesun.ng/how-nigerian-act-justina-lee-brown-continues-to-trailblaze-in-europe/|accessdate=2024-08-21|work=The Sun Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Telegraph|first=New|date=2024-03-18|title=Justina Lee Brown, Making Nigeria Proud in Diaspora|url=https://newtelegraphng.com/justina-lee-brown-making-nigeria-proud-in-diaspora/|accessdate=2024-08-26|work=[[New Telegraph]]|language=en-US}}</ref> Mgbe ewepụtara abọm ọhụrụ ya na Septemba 2023, onye na-abụ abụ ahụ kwuru na a na-atụ anya na ya ga-egwu ihe karịrị egwu iri isii ruo na ngwụcha afọ 2024. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Omosola|first=Friday|date=2024-04-23|title=Nigeria’s Justina Lee Brown's album ‘Lost Child’ dominates European chart|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/music/688505-nigerias-justina-lee-browns-album-lost-child-dominates-european-chart.html?utm_campaign=twitter&utm_medium=twitter&utm_source=twitter|accessdate=2024-08-21|work=[[Premium Times]]|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Blues Festival Basel – JUSTINA LEE BROWN IST DIE GEWINNERIN DES SWISS BLUES AWARD 2024|url=https://www.bluesbasel.ch/news/justina-lee-brown-ist-die-gewinnerin-des-swiss-blues-award-2024|accessdate=2024-08-26|work=www.bluesbasel.ch|archivedate=2024-08-12|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240812081434/https://www.bluesbasel.ch/news/justina-lee-brown-ist-die-gewinnerin-des-swiss-blues-award-2024}}</ref> == Ihe nkiri egwu == === Abọm ụlọ ihe nkiri === * ''Mmetụ nke Blues'' (2013) * ''Nwa m'' (2015) * ''Ọ bụghị m'' (2016) * ''Mmetụta Ojii na Ọcha'' (2019) * ''Nwa furu efu'' (2023) <ref>{{Cite web|author=Adebiyi|first=Adeayo|date=2024-04-11|title=Inside Justina Lee Brown's colourful world of Funk & Blues|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/justina-lee-brown-captures-the-nigerian-sensibility/0c02n5d|accessdate=2024-08-19|work=Pulse Nigeria|language=en}}</ref> === EPs === * ''Biliki'' (2024) <ref>{{Cite web|author=Ufondu|first=Joshua|date=2024-07-09|title=Rhyme & Reason® – 2024 Swiss Blues Award Winner Justina Lee Brown follows through with new Billiki EP in Anticipation her Album|url=https://randr.ng/2024-swiss-blues-award-winner-justina-lee-brown-follows-through-with-new-billiki-ep-in-anticipation-her-album/|accessdate=2024-08-26|work=Rhyme & Reason®|language=en-GB|archivedate=2024-07-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240721003211/https://randr.ng/2024-swiss-blues-award-winner-justina-lee-brown-follows-through-with-new-billiki-ep-in-anticipation-her-album/}}</ref> == Edensibia == Justina mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na asaa, Justina na nne ya bikwa n'okporo ámá nke Lagos ebe nne ya na-ere akpa mmiri n'ahịa. [1] Ọ malitere ndụ siri ike ma chọpụta egwu n'ihi na ike gwụrụ ya. [2] Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị Unity na Ajegunla. Mgbe ọ na-etolite, Anita Baker, James Brown, Lucky Dube na Miriam Makeba{{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Otú:Articles with hCards]] [[Otú:Short description is different from Wikidata]] [[Otú:Articles with short description]] ijhkd3lnskar27lnibc3bw68zuyi3rb 0 73846 632226 598344 2026-05-07T14:31:36Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 632226 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Ireland, onye edemede na onye mbipụta (1872–1957)}} {{distinguish|text = [[James O'Kelly (onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị)]] nke [[Irish Parliamentary Party]], nke a makwaara dị ka "JJ O'Kelly"}} {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2021}} {{Infobox officeholder | image = JJ O'Kelly, circa 1918 to 1931.jpg | caption = O'Kelly n'afọ 1920 | office = [[Onyeisiala Sinn Fein]] | vicepresident = [[Mary MacSwiney]] | term_start = 1 Mee 1926 | term_end = 30 Eprel 1931 | predecessor = Ọfịs ọhụrụ | successor = [[Brian O'Higgins]] | office1 = [[Minista maka agụmakwụkwọ na ntorobịa | Minista maka agụmakwụkwọ]] | president1 = [[Éamon de Valera]] | term_start1 = 26 Ọgọst 1921 | term_end1 = 9 Jenụwarị 1922 | predecessor1 = Ọfịs ọhụrụ | successor1 = [[Michael Hayes (onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị) | Michael Hayes]] | office2 = [[Minista maka agụmakwụkwọ na ndị ntorobịa | Minista maka ndị Ireland]] | president2 = Éamon de Valera | term_start2 = 29 Juun 1920 | term_end2 = 26 Ọgọst 1921 | predecessor2 = Ọfịs ọhụrụ | successor2 = A kwụsịrị ọfịs | office3 = [[Ceann Comhairle#Leas-Cheann Comhairle|Leas-Cheann Comhairle]] nke [[Dáil Éireann]] | 1blankname3 = [[Ceann Comhairle]] | 1namedata3 = [[Seán T. O'Kelly]] | term_start3 = 1 Eprel 1919 | term_end3 = 26 Ọgọst 1921 | predecessor3 = Ọfịs ọhụrụ | successor3 = [[Brian O'Higgins]] | office4 = [[Teachta Dála]] | term_start4 = [[Ntuli aka izugbe nke mba Ireland nke afọ 1922|Juun 1922]] | term_end4 = [[Ntuli aka izugbe nke mba Ireland nke afọ 1923 | Ọgọst 1923]] | constituency4 = [[Louth–Meath]] | term_start5 = [[Ntuli aka izugbe nke United Kingdom nke afọ 1918 na Ireland|Disemba 1918]] | term_end5 = [[Ntuli aka izugbe nke Northern Ireland na Southern Ireland nke afọ 1921 | Mee 1921]] | constituency5 = [[County Louth (UK Parliament constituency)|County Louth]] | birth_name = John Joseph O'Kelly | birth_date = {{birth date|1872|7|7|df=y}} | birth_place = [[Valentia Island]], [[County Kerry]], Ireland | death_date = {{death date and age|1957|3|26|1872|6|7|df=y}} | death_place = [[Dublin]], Ireland | party = [[Sinn Féin]] | spouse = {{marriage|Nora O'Sullivan|1904}} | children = | alma_mater = |}} '''John Joseph O'Kelly''' ({{langx|ga|Seán Ua Ceallaigh}}; a mara dị ka '''Sceilg''';<ref>A pen name he took which refers to the island of [[Skellig Michael|Sceilig Mhichíl]], which he could see from his childhood home on Valentia Island.</ref> 7 Julaị 1872 – 26 Maachị 1957) bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Ireland [[Irish Republicanism|republican]], onye edemede na onye mbipụta nke jere ozi dị ka [[Onyeisi Sinn Féin]] site na 1926 ruo 1931, [[Minista maka agụmakwụkwọ na ndị ntorobịa|Minista maka agụmakwụkwọ]] site na 1921 ruo 1922, [[Mịnịsta na-ahụ maka agụmakwụkwọ na ndị ntorobịa | Minista Irish]] site na 1920 ruo 1921 yana [[Ceann Comhairle#Leas-Cheann Comhairle|Leas-Cheann Comhairle]] nke [[Dáil Éireann]] site na 1919 ruo 1921. Ọ jere ozi dịka [[Teachta Dála]] site na 1918 ruo 1921 na 1922 ruo 1923.<ref name=oireachtas_db>{{cite web|url=https://www.oireachtas.ie/en/members/member/Se%C3%A1n-%C3%93-Ceallaigh.D.1919-01-21/|title=Seán Ó Ceallaigh|work=Oireachtas Members Database|access-date=12 February 2012|archive-date=22 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190922145151/https://www.oireachtas.ie/en/members/member/Se%25C3%25A1n-%25C3%2593-Ceallaigh.D.1919-01-21/|url-status=live}}</ref> ==Afọ ndị mbụ== A mụrụ O'Kelly na Coramore, na [[Valentia Island]] n'akụkụ oké osimiri [[County Kerry]], ọ bụ nwa Patrick Kelly, onye ọrụ ugbo, na Ellen Sullivan.<ref name=dib>{{cite web|url=https://www.dib.ie/biography/okelly-john-joseph-sceilg-ua-ceallaigh-sean-a6844|title=O'Kelly, John Joseph ('Sceilg'; Ua Ceallaigh, Seán)|work=[[Dictionary of Irish Biography]]|last=Murphy|first=Brian P.|access-date=8 January 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://civilrecords.irishgenealogy.ie/churchrecords/details-civil/b747691144452|title=General Registrar's Office|website=IrishGenealogy.ie|access-date=26 March 2017|archive-date=22 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210922223642/https://civilrecords.irishgenealogy.ie/churchrecords/captcha.jsp|url-status=live|accessdate=20 March 2026|archivedate=22 September 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210922223642/https://civilrecords.irishgenealogy.ie/churchrecords/captcha.jsp}}</ref> Ọ bụ ezie na e dekọrọ ụbọchị ọmụmụ ya dị ka 7 Julaị 1872, ezinụlọ ya mere ya dị ka 4 Julaị.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ainm.ie/Bio.aspx?ID=388|title=Ó CEALLAIGH, Seán (1872–1957)|website=ainm.ie|access-date=2017-03-26|archive-date=11 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170611132418/http://www.ainm.ie/Bio.aspx?ID=388|url-status=live}}</ref> ==Ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị== O sonyeere [[Sinn Féin]] na nzukọ mmalite ha na 5 Nọvemba 1905. Mgbe afọ 1916 [[Mmalite Ista]] gasịrị, O'Kelly sonyeere otu mba Ireland wee bụrụ onye na-echekwa ego nke "Irish National Aid and Volunteers' Dependants' Fund" maka enyemaka nke ndị mkpọrọ na ezinụlọ ha. Na Febụwarị 1917, e jidere ya ma chụga ya [[England]] ebe a tụrụ ya mkpọrọ n'enweghị ikpe ruo ọtụtụ ọnwa. Mgbe a tọhapụrụ ya, a họpụtara O'Kelly ka ọ bụrụ Kọmitii Oge nke otu Irish Nation League na Sinn Féin jikọtara ọhụrụ, Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, a kpọrọ ya Sinn Féin. A họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke "''Akwụkwọ Ozi Katọlik''" a ma ama.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://bookshop.blackwell.co.uk/jsp/id/The_Catholic_Bulletin_and_Republican_Ireland_with_Special_Refere/9780850341089 |title=Recent book on the Bulletin |access-date=27 July 2008 |archive-date=20 May 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110520230125/http://bookshop.blackwell.co.uk/jsp/id/The_Catholic_Bulletin_and_Republican_Ireland_with_Special_Refere/9780850341089 |url-status=live }}</ref> Na [[Ntuli aka izugbe nke United Kingdom nke afọ 1918 na Ireland|Ntuli aka izugbe nke afọ 1918]] a họpụtara ya ka onye Sinn Féin MP maka [[County Louth (UK Parliament constituency)|Louth]] site na vootu 255 na ihe bụ asọmpi kacha nso na Ireland na ntuli aka ahụ. Njikọta nke asọmpi ahụ bụ n'ihi otu siri ike [[Ancient Order of Hibernians|AOH]] na mpaghara ahụ nke mere mkpọsa maka onye omeiwu North Galway na-apụ apụ bụ Richard Hazleton nke [[Irish Parliament Party]] O'Kelly were oche ya na [[Dáil Éireann]] ka [[Sinn Féin]] [[TD]] wee bụrụ [[Ceann Comhairle | Leas-Cheann Comhairle]] (onye isi oche) site na 1919 ruo 1921.<ref name=elecs_irl>{{cite web|url=http://electionsireland.org/candidate.cfm?ID=1045|title=John J. O'Kelly|work=ElectionsIreland.org|access-date=12 February 2012|archive-date=20 October 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111020074931/http://electionsireland.org//candidate.cfm?id=1045|url-status=live}}</ref> A họpụtara ya [[Minista maka agụmakwụkwọ na ndị ntorobịa|Minista maka ndị Ireland]] na [[Gọọmentị nke Abụọ]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.oireachtas.ie/en/debates/debate/dail/1920-06-29/16/|title=Dáil Éireann debate - Tuesday, 29 June 1920: RATIFICATION OF MINISTERS|access-date=11 September 2019|website=Houses of the Oireachtas|archive-date=31 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190831140251/https://www.oireachtas.ie/en/debates/debate/dail/1920-06-29/16/|url-status=live}}</ref> Ọkwa a nke a gbasaara dịka [[Minista maka agụmakwụkwọ na ndị ntorobịa|Minista maka agụmakwụkwọ]] na Gọọmentị nke Abụọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.oireachtas.ie/en/debates/debate/dail/1921-08-25/3/|title=Dáil Éireann debate - Thursday, 25 August 1921: ALTERATION OF MINISTRY OF IRISH TO MINISTRY OF EDUCATION|access-date=11 September 2019|website=Houses of the Oireachtas|archive-date=6 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190906142426/https://www.oireachtas.ie/en/debates/debate/dail/1921-08-25/3/|url-status=live}}</ref> Site na 1919 ruo 1923, ọ bụ Onyeisi nke [[Gaelic League]]. O megidere [[Nkwekọrịta Anglo-Irish]] nke Dáil kwadoro na Jenụwarị 1922, ma jụ ịnakwere izi ezi nke [[Irish Free State]] e guzobere na Disemba 1922. Ya na ndị ọzọ kwuru na [[Irish Republic]] ka dị adị nakwa na akụkụ nke Second Dáil, ndị mejupụtara ndị TD ndị na-emegide Nkwekọrịta ahụ bụ́ ndị jụrụ ịnọdụ ala n'ihe ghọrọ ndị omeiwu Free State, bụ naanị ọchịchị ziri ezi maka Ireland dum. Na Juun 1922, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye nnọchiteanya [[Nke Atọ Dáil]] maka ndị omeiwu Louth-Meath mana [[na-anapụ onwe ha ihe]] ka ọ ghara ịnọ n'oche ya. N'ọnwa Ọgọst afọ 1923, ebe ọ nọ dịka onye otu Republican maka ntuli aka Meath, e meriri ya maka oche onye na-anaghị ekwenye ekwenye na [[4th Dáil]]. E meriri ya ọzọ na ntuli aka Roscommon nke afọ 1925, nke bụ mgbalị ikpeazụ ya na ntuli aka.<ref>{{cite web|last=Took|first=Christopher & Seán Donnelly|title="Sceilg" O'Kelly John Joseph ("Sceilg") O'Kelly|url=http://www.electionsireland.org/candidate.cfm?id=1045|publisher=ElectionsIreland.org|access-date=9 June 2012|archive-date=22 July 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120722150605/http://electionsireland.org/candidate.cfm?id=1045|url-status=live}}</ref> Mgbe [[Éamon de Valera]] kwụsịrị arụkwaghịm dị ka onye isi ala Sinn Féin na 1926, O'Kelly, onye nọgidere na-agbaso iwu megide Dáil Éireann, a họpụtara ya n'ọnọdụ ya ma nọgide n'ọkwa a ruo 1931 mgbe [[Brian O'Higgins]] weghaara ọchịchị.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Rafter |first1=Kevin |title=Sinn Féin, 1905-2005: In the Shadow of Gunmen |date=2005 |publisher=Gill & Macmillan |page=71 |isbn=9780717139927 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=klaIAAAAMAAJ |access-date=14 January 2019 |archive-date=22 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210922223616/https://books.google.com/books?id=klaIAAAAMAAJ |url-status=live }}</ref> O'Kelly kpọrọ [[Iwu Ireland]] nke afọ 1937 asị, na-ekwu na ọ kwadoghị nke ọma [[Irish Republicanism]] nakwa na Iwu ahụ ekwughị na [[Onyeisiala Ireland]] ga-abụ onye a mụrụ na Ireland.<ref>Dermot Keogh and Dr. Andrew McCarthy, ''The making of the Irish Constitution 1937: Bunreacht na hÉireann''. Mercier Press, 2007 (p.193).</ref> Sceilg bụ ihe a na-adịghị ahụkebe n'etiti ndị Republican nke Ireland n'ihi na o weere [[Daniel O'Connell]] na [[T.M. Healy]] dị ka ndị dike ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Nke a gosiri na ndi mmadu ahụ hụrụ mba ha n'anya (ụmụ nwoke abụọ ahụ si ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ Ireland dị nso n'ebe Sceilg mụrụ) nakwa okpukpe Katọlik nke Sceilg, nke mere ka o buliri ihe O'Connell nwetara nke [[Catholic Emancipation]] na nkwupụta Healy na ịkwa iko nke [[Charles Stewart Parnell]] na [[Katharine O'Shea]] mere ka Parnell ghara iru eru maka ọchịchị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Sceilg na-emegidekwa [[Spanish Republic]] nke ekwuputara na 1931, na-ekwenye na ọ bụ mgbochi Katọlik yana ndị [[Freemason]] pro-British na-akwado. ==Mmasị akwụkwọ== Ọ bụ onye edemede nwere nkà n'ihe gbasara asụsụ na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ndị Ireland, na-edezi ihe nkiri dịka 'Banba', 'The Catholic Bulletin' na 'An Camán'. Ọ bụ onye okpukperechi nke ukwuu ma na-arụsi ọrụ ike [[Katọlik]]. O'Kelly megidere ndị otu IRA na-alụso Franco ọgụ n'oge [[Agha Obodo Spen]]. Na 1938, ọ bụ otu n'ime mmadụ asaa fọdụrụ na-ekweghị ekwe [[Second Dáil]] ndị TD ndị nyefere ihe ha kwenyere na ọ bụ ikike ha dịka Gọọmentị nke Ireland Republic nye [[Kansụl Ndị Agha IRA]] (lee [[Irish Republican legitimatism]]). Na 1938, ọ gara [[Germany]], ma mechaa bipụta echiche ya na ''Nnwere Onwe Ireland''.<ref name="Irish Independent 1957">''Irish Independent'', 27 March 1957.</ref> ==Mmegide Ndị Juu== Ọtụtụ n'ime okwu na ihe odide O'Kelly nwere ihe dị mkpa gbasara [[Ndị Freemasons]] na [[Ndị Juu]].<ref>Joost Augusteijn(ed.), ''The Irish Revolution, 1913–1923''. Palgrave Macmillan, 2002, p. 46; David Fitzpatrick, ''The Two Irelands 1912–1939'' Oxford, 1998, p. 188.</ref> Na 1916, ndị otu ndị Juu nke Ireland mere ngagharị iwe mgbe ''Akwụkwọ Ozi Katọlik'' bipụtara usoro akụkọ nke Fr. T.H. Burbage na-ebo ndị Juu ebubo na ha na-eme [[Mkpesa ọbara megide ndị Juu | ogbugbu omenala]]; O'Kelly jụrụ ịrịọ mgbaghara maka akụkọ ndị ahụ.<ref>[[Dermot Keogh]], ''Jews in Twentieth-century Ireland: Refugees, Anti-semitism and the Holocaust'', Cork University Press, 1998, pp. 70-1.</ref> O'Kelly gosikwara ihe odide [[Denis Fahey]] megidere ndị Juu n'akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ.<ref>Enda Delaney, 'Political Catholicism in Post-War Ireland', ''Journal of Ecclesiastical History'', Vol. 52, No. 3, July 2001, p. 493</ref> N'afọ 1930, O'Kelly, n'okwu dịka Onyeisi Sinn Féin nye ndị otu ya, kwuru sị, "N'ihe ịrịba ama nke Anti-Christ, England bụ taa anụ oriri nke ndị otu ndị Juu na-asọmpi nke na-alụ ọgụ maka ala ha."<ref name="The World Reacts"/> Na 1939, O'Kelly kwuru okwu n'Ụlọ Nzukọ Obodo Cork ma too mmeso [[Nazi Germany|Nazi Germany]] mesoro ndị Juu, na-asị: "[[Ihe isi ike nke England bụ ohere Ireland]]...o yiri m ka England na-ahọrọ ịkụ ndị Juu na Ireland, ka ọ sị kụọ [[Ndị Cromwellian]], Ndiy Orangemen...Mmadụ ole na Ireland na-egosi na [[Mgbakọ nke Versailles]] tinyere Germany...na ikiri ụkwụ ndị Juu n'olu ya...ebe uru ndị Juu tara akpụ, ndị Juu na-agba ohu ọcha na-achọ imebi ala ahụ dum.<ref name="The World Reacts">{{cite book |last1=Wyman |first1=David S. |last2=Rosenzveig |first2=Charles H. |date=1996 |title=The World Reacts to the Holocaust |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=U6KVOsjpP0MC&pg=PA646 |publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press |page=646 |isbn=0801849691 |access-date=29 October 2019 |archive-date=22 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210922223554/https://books.google.com/books?id=U6KVOsjpP0MC&pg=PA646 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Lawson |first=Dominic |date=30 May 2006 |title=Dominic Lawson: A hard-line Marxist distortion of history |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/voices/commentators/dominic-lawson/dominic-lawson-a-hard-line-marxist-distortion-of-history-480283.html |work=The Independent (UK) |access-date=28 October 2019 |archive-date=28 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191028214530/https://www.independent.co.uk/voices/commentators/dominic-lawson/dominic-lawson-a-hard-line-marxist-distortion-of-history-480283.html |url-status=live }}</ref> ==Ọnwụ== O'Kelly nwụrụ n'ụlọọgwụ [[Our Lady's Hospice|Our Lady's Hospice, Harold's Cross]], na 26 Maachị 1957, e liri ya na [[Glasnevin Cemetery]] na 28 Maachị.<ref name="Irish Independent 1957"/> ==Ndekọ Akwụkwọ== * ''[[Cathal Brugha]]'', 1942 * ''Taistealuidheacht, nó Cúrsa na Cruinne'' ("Travelling, or A World Tour"), 1931 * ''Spelling Made Easy'', 1946 * ''A Trinity of Martyrs'' (biographies of [[Terence McSwiney]], Cathal Brugha and [[Austin Stack]]), 1947 * ''Ireland's Spiritual Empire: Saint Patrick as a World Figure'', 1952 ==Edensibia== {{Reflist}} ==Gụkwụọ== *Dr. Brian P. Murphy, ''The Catholic Bulletin and Republican Ireland 1898–1926: with special reference to J. J. O'Kelly'' (Athol Books: Belfast, 2005) *"County Louth: the Irish political revolution and the 1918 general election" by Oisín S. Kelly (MA thesis, 2006, UCD) ==Njikọ mpụga== {{DEFAULTSORT:Okelly, John J.}} [[Category: Ndị nwụrụ anwụ]] dzf1sicltlsogj956ao37bf6p8czbnq 0 74947 632222 631132 2026-05-07T12:05:56Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 632222 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jepchumba''' Ọ bụ onye Kenya na-ese ihe n'ịntanetị, onye nnọchi anya omenala, onye na-elekọta ihe na onye na-akwado ihe. Ọ bụ onye kere ikpo okwu mgbasa ozi dijitalụ nke African Digital Art, magazin Amerịka bụ Forbes ahọpụtala ya dị ka otu n'ime "ụmụ nwanyị iri abụọ kacha ike n'Africa" ​​ma akwụkwọ akụkọ Britain bụ́ The Guardian kpọọ ya otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị iri abụọ na ise kacha mkpa n'ime ndị ọchụnta ego na kọntinent Afrịka.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Network|first=Guardian Africa|title=Introducing the Guardian Africa network's new partners|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jan/05/introducing-guardian-africa-network-new-partners|journal=The Guardian|date=5 January 2015|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref><ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" /> == Akụkọ ndụ == Nna Jepchumba bụ onye na-ahụ maka mmekọrịta mba na mba, ya mere site na nwata ọ biri n'ọtụtụ mba, gụnyere [[Kenya]], South Africa, [[Njikọ̀taọ̀hà|United States]] na [[Obodoézè Nà Ofú|United Kingdom]], nke bụ ihe mkpali maka ọrụ ya.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|author=Ross|first=Ellie|title=Jepchumba: The Pioneer Of African Digital Art|url=https://theculturetrip.com/africa/kenya/articles/jepchumba-the-pioneer-of-african-digital-art/|accessdate=6 July 2020|work=Culture Trip}}</ref><ref name=":03" /> Jepchumba gụsịrị akwụkwọ na nzere na Critical Social Thinking, ma mesịa mechaa nweta nzere masta na Digital Media na Mahadum Metropolitan nke London.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Eternity|first=Max|date=4 August 2010|title=African Digital Art|url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/african-digital-art_b_670622|accessdate=6 July 2020|work=HuffPost|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":03">{{Cite web|author=Barros|first=Iolanda|date=8 June 2015|title=Jepchumba: a sonhadora digital|url=http://www.afreaka.com.br/notas/jepchumba-sonhadora-digital/|accessdate=6 July 2020}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFBarros2015">Barros, Iolanda (8 June 2015). [http://www.afreaka.com.br/notas/jepchumba-sonhadora-digital/ "Jepchumba: a sonhadora digital"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Jepchumba bụ ọkachamara na nkwukọrịta na nka dijitalụ, ebe ọ na-anwale mmegharị, ụda, mmetụta dijitalụ na usoro ndị ọzọ ma nyefee ọrụ ya iji kwalite mmepe teknụzụ na Africa na-eme ka nkà na ihe okike nke kọntinent ahụ dịkwuo mma.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Akinwande Oluwole Soyinka {{!}} Casa África|url=http://www.casafrica.es/detalle-who-is-who.jsp?DS7.PROID=773512.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200709195209/http://www.casafrica.es/detalle-who-is-who.jsp?DS7.PROID=773512.html|archivedate=9 July 2020|accessdate=9 July 2020|work=www.casafrica.es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Jepchumba|url=http://bcreativetracks.com/challenge/jepchumba/|accessdate=9 July 2020|work=b.creative|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web|author=Iris|first=Shiny|title=My Title|url=https://afroculture.net/african-digital-art-jepchumba-an-african-digital-artist/|accessdate=6 July 2020|work=Afroculture.net|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFIris">Iris, Shiny. [https://afroculture.net/african-digital-art-jepchumba-an-african-digital-artist/ "My Title"]. ''Afroculture.net''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> N'afọ 2008, o mepụtara ikpo okwu mgbasa ozi nka dijitalụ African Digital Art, nke na-egosi omume dijitalụ sitere na kọntinent Afrịka, gụnyere nka eserese, [[Film|Ihe nkiri]], ebe nrụọrụ weebụ, ihe nkiri na ọrụ imewe.<ref name=":1" /> Ọ bụkwa onye mepụtara podcast Future Lab Africa, nke na-achọ ịkwalite echiche na Ihe osise nke onye na-ege ntị site na njem nke sayensị na teknụzụ nke kọntinent Afrịka dị na mpụga ụlọ nyocha na oghere ndị a kapịrị ọnụ maka ihe ọhụrụ.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Ndung'u|first=Makena|date=29 July 2019|title=29 Kenyan podcasts you should be listening to|url=https://hapakenya.com/2019/07/29/kenyan-podcasts-you-should-be-listening-to/|accessdate=9 July 2020|work=HapaKenya|language=en-GB}}</ref> N'afọ 2012, o kwuru okwu TED na TEDxEuston . <ref>{{Cite web|title=TEDxEuston {{!}} TED|url=https://www.ted.com/tedx/events/4948|accessdate=9 July 2020|work=www.ted.com}}</ref> N'afọ 2015, Jepchumba bụ onye nlekọta maka ngalaba dijitalụ na nkwukọrịta na Design Indaba Expo, otu n'ime ihe omume imewe kachasị ukwuu n'ụwa. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Meet the Curators: Jepchumba on Digital Art at the Design Indaba Expo|url=https://10and5.com/2015/02/20/meet-the-curators-jepchumba-on-digital-art-at-the-design-indaba-expo/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200706221444/https://10and5.com/2015/02/20/meet-the-curators-jepchumba-on-digital-art-at-the-design-indaba-expo/|archivedate=6 July 2020|accessdate=6 July 2020|work=Between 10and5|language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">. ''Between 10and5''. Archived from on 6 July 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> N'afọ 2019, o gosipụtara ọrụ ya na N'GOLÁ Biennial of Art and Culture na [[São Tomé and Príncipe|São Tomé na Príncipe]] . <ref name=":5" /> N'afọ 2020, ọ bụ ya na-ahụ maka ịzụlite na ịhazi oghere n'ịntanetị maka Nyege Nyege Festival na-egosi nka na egwu ọhụrụ nke Afrịka. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Rugoff|first=Lazlo|date=8 July 2020|title=Nyege Nyege Festival hosting 2020 edition with both online and offline programming|url=https://thevinylfactory.com/news/nyege-nyege-festival-2020-online-and-offline-programming/|accessdate=9 July 2020|work=The Vinyl Factory|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Nyege Nyege Festival to host online African art and music showcase|url=https://www.residentadvisor.net/news/72961|accessdate=9 July 2020|work=Resident Advisor}}</ref> N'afọ 2020, Jepchumba natara onyinye site n'aka ndị otu mba ụwa bụ Creative Disturbance, nke na-akwalite mmekorita n'etiti ndị na-ese ihe, sayensị, na teknụzụ.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web|date=25 July 2016|title=Africa's tech pioneers: 'We have become an internet-consuming culture'|url=http://www.theguardian.com/business/2016/jul/25/africas-tech-pioneers-we-have-become-an-internet-consuming-culture|accessdate=9 July 2020|work=the Guardian|language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.theguardian.com/business/2016/jul/25/africas-tech-pioneers-we-have-become-an-internet-consuming-culture "Africa's tech pioneers: 'We have become an internet-consuming culture'"]. ''the Guardian''. 25 July 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> == Nkwado == N'afọ 2012, a kpọrọ Jepchumba otu n'ime "20 Most Powerful Young Women in Africa" site na magazin Forbes.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=Nsehe|first=Mfonobong|title=The 20 Youngest Power Women In Africa 2012|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/mfonobongnsehe/2012/12/06/the-20-youngest-power-women-in-africa-2012/|accessdate=6 July 2020|work=Forbes|language=en|archivedate=4 March 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180304060050/https://www.forbes.com/sites/mfonobongnsehe/2012/12/06/the-20-youngest-power-women-in-africa-2012/}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFNsehe">Nsehe, Mfonobong. [https://www.forbes.com/sites/mfonobongnsehe/2012/12/06/the-20-youngest-power-women-in-africa-2012/ "The 20 Youngest Power Women In Africa 2012"]. ''Forbes''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180304060050/https://www.forbes.com/sites/mfonobongnsehe/2012/12/06/the-20-youngest-power-women-in-africa-2012/ Archived] from the original on 4 March 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> n'afọ sochirinụ, The Guardian matara ya dị ka otu n'ime "25 Most Entrepreneurial Women in Africa".<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|author=Ifeachor|first=Adaobi|date=8 March 2013|title=Africa's top women achievers - nominated by you|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/interactive/2013/mar/08/top-25-african-women-interactive|accessdate=6 July 2020|work=the Guardian|language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFIfeachor2013">Ifeachor, Adaobi (8 March 2013). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/interactive/2013/mar/08/top-25-african-women-interactive "Africa's top women achievers - nominated by you"]. ''the Guardian''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web|title=Jepchumba|url=https://www.ngola-biennial.org/Participants/Jepchumba|accessdate=6 July 2020|work=N'Golá Biennial|language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.ngola-biennial.org/Participants/Jepchumba "Jepchumba"]. ''N'Golá Biennial''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref><ref name=":03"/> Otu akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ gụnyere Jepchumba na 2015 dị ka otu n'ime "10 Pioneering Names in Tech in Africa". <ref name=":6" /> == Edemsibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20250708053656/https://www.jepchumba.com/ Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ] Jepchumba * Platform African Digital Art nke Jepchumba mepụtara. * [https://anchor.fm/futurelabafrica/ Podcast Future Lab Africa] nke Jepchumba mepụtara. * [[YouTube]].com/watch?v=kVJ4yfIbOTc&feature=emb_logo" id="mwAUc" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Nkwurịta okwu TED nke Jepchumba na TEDxEuston na YouTube. [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 0q4c0l64twv22vfh52u4g7inhu5g9ny 0 74966 632272 631211 2026-05-08T07:24:15Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 632272 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder | name = Leyla Hussein | image = Leyla Hussein.jpg | width = | caption = Leyla Hussein at [[Oslo Freedom Forum]] | honorific_suffix = [[Officer of the Order of the British Empire|OBE]] | office1 = [[Rector of the University of St Andrews|Lord Rector of the <br/>University of St Andrews]] | termstart1 = October 2020 | termend1 = October 2023 | predecessor1 = [[Srđa Popović (activist)|Srđa Popović]] | successor1 = Stella Maris | birth_date = {{Birth year and age|1980}} | birth_place = [[Somalia]] | alma_mater = [[University of West London|Thames Valley University]] | occupation = Psychotherapist and social activist }} '''Leyla Hussein''' OBE (Somali: Leyla Xuseen) is a Somali-born British psychotherapist and social activist. She is the founder of Dahlia project,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://leylahussein.com/campaigner/|title=Leyla Hussein {{!}} Campaigner|work=leylahussein.com|language=en-US|accessdate=2017-10-15|archivedate=13 March 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190313041013/http://leylahussein.com/campaigner/}}</ref> otu n'ime ndị hiwere otu nzukọ na-abụghị maka ọdịmma ụmụ nwanyị nke Daughters of Eve na onyeisi ndị isi nke Hawa's Haven. Na 2020, a họpụtara Hussein ka ọ bụrụ onyeisi nke Mahadum St Andrews, nke mere ka ọ bụrụ nwanyị nke atọ na nwanyị mbụ nwere agba ojii nọ n'ọkwa a. Hussein nwetara nnukwu nkatọ n'oge ọ na-arụ ọrụ dịka onyeisi nke Mahadum St Andrews n'ihi enweghị aka ya n'ọrụ ahụ. == Ọrụ == Hussein rụrụ ọrụ afọ iri na ahụike ọmụmụ mgbe ọ ghọsịrị onye na-arụ ọrụ na-ahụ maka ndị ntorobịa.<ref name="Hplh" /> Hussein rụrụ ọrụ na African Well Women Clinic na Waltham Forest ebe ya na ndị inyom na-anwụghị na UK na-arụkọ ọrụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rcm.org.uk/news-views-and-analysis/analysis/closing-in-on-fgm-%E2%80%93-can-it-be-eradicated-in-a-generation|title=Closing in on FGM – can it be eradicated in a generation? {{!}} RCM|work=www.rcm.org.uk|accessdate=2017-10-31|archivedate=6 September 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180906052440/https://www.rcm.org.uk/news-views-and-analysis/analysis/closing-in-on-fgm-%E2%80%93-can-it-be-eradicated-in-a-generation}}</ref> Leyla rụrụ ọrụ na ọrụ NAZ na London dị ka onye ndụmọdụ ahụike mmekọahụ na-arụ ọrụ na Somalia na-arịa ọrịa HIV na AIDS. N'afọ 2010, ya na Nimco Ali na Sainab Abdi guzobere Daughters of Eve.<ref name="Tefgm" /><ref name="Mmhsfgm">{{Cite news|author=Onyanga-Omara|first=Jane|title=Men 'must help stop female genital mutilation'|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-bristol-14216808|accessdate=2 October 2014|publisher=[[BBC]]|date=29 July 2011}}</ref> E guzobere òtù na-enweghị uru iji nyere ụmụ agbọghọ na ụmụ agbọghọ aka, na-elekwasị anya n'inye agụmakwụkwọ na ịkwalite mmata banyere FGM.<ref name="Llsfoiarwotya" /> Hussein n'onwe ya bụ onye lanarịrị FGM. Mgbe ọ dị ime, ọ chọrọ ijide n'aka na nwa ya nwanyị nwere nchekwa anụ ahụ na nke ahụ kpaliri ya ịmalite mkpọsa iji mee mgbanwe na otu esi echebe ụmụ agbọghọ n'ụwa niile pụọ n'ụdị mmerụ ahụ niile. Tụkwasị na nke a, Hussein bụ Chief Executive nke Hawa's Haven, njikọ nke ụmụ nwanyị Somalia na-eme mkpọsa na ndị na-eme ngagharị iwe na obodo nke na-ezube ịkwalite mmata banyere ime ihe ike metụtara nwoke na nwanyị. N'otu aka ahụ, ọ na-eduzi otu nkwado ọgwụgwọ Dahlia's Project, nke e guzobere na mmekorita ya na Manor Garden Health Advocacy Project ebe ọ na-eje ozi dị ka onye ndụmọdụ ọzụzụ onwe ya, yana onye na-ahụ maka obodo.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://manorgardenscentre.org/our-services/health-advocacy/support-for-survivors-of-fgm/|title=Manor Gardens is a multicultural, multi-ethnic health wellbeing community hub based in North Islington, London|work=manorgardenscentre.org|accessdate=2017-10-31|archivedate=24 March 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190324152918/http://manorgardenscentre.org/our-services/health-advocacy/support-for-survivors-of-fgm/}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye nnọchi anya ụwa maka The Girl Generation, <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thegirlgeneration.org/leyla-hussein|title=Leyla Hussein|date=2017-01-31|work=The Girl Generation|accessdate=2017-10-31|language=en}}</ref> mmemme nkwukọrịta mgbanwe mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya nke na-achọ ịkwụsị FGM n'otu ọgbọ, na-arụ ọrụ ugbu a na mba 10 nke Afrịka. Dị ka onye ọkachamara na ahụike, Hussein na ndị uwe ojii Metropolitan na-arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ site na Project Azure. Ọ bụbu onye ndụmọdụ maka mkpọsa END FGM-European nke Amnesty International kwadoro, na-ekwu okwu n'ọnọdụ a n'ihu ndị omeiwu Saịprọs, Vienna na [[London]].<ref name="Doelh" /> Na mgbakwunye, Hussein na-anọdụ na bọọdụ ndị nlekọta nke The Special FGM Initiative Advisory Group na Desert Flower Foundation Advisory group, ọrụ ebere nke Waris Dirie kwadoro, na Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary advisory group on Violence Against Women and Girls (VAWG) Scrutiny and Involvement Panel site na Crown Prosecution . <ref name="Hplh">{{Cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/author/leyla-hussein/|title=Leyla Hussein|publisher=Huffington Post|accessdate=13 July 2014}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/author/leyla-hussein/ "Leyla Hussein"]. Huffington Post<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite></ref> Ọ na-anọdụkwa na Naz Project London Board of Trustees . <ref name="Hplh" /> Hussein bụ otu n'ime ndị isi ise na ihe nkiri #Female Pleasure, nke onye na-eme ihe nkiri na Switzerland bụ Barbara Miller duziri ma gosipụta ya na Locarno Festival 2018. Ihe nkiri ahụ na-ekwu maka mmekọahụ na narị afọ nke 21 site n'echiche nwanyị na banyere mmegide na-aga n'ihu nke ụmụ nwanyị na usoro nna ochie.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Review: #Female Pleasure|url=https://cineuropa.org/en/newsdetail/358163|work=Cineuropa.org|accessdate=6 March 2019|date=6 August 2018}}</ref> N'afọ 2020, a họpụtara Hussein ka ọ bụrụ ''Onye Nsọ'' nke Mahadum St Andrews maka afọ atọ.<ref name="rector">{{Cite news|author=Vesty|first=Sarah|title=History made as St Andrew's University elects first black female rector after 'decades of injustice'|url=https://www.dailyrecord.co.uk/news/scottish-news/history-made-st-andrews-university-22860649|accessdate=7 October 2023|work=Daily Record|date=17 October 2020}}</ref> Hussein echeela nkatọ site n'aka akwụkwọ akụkọ ụmụ akwụkwọ The Saint, nke kọrọ n'ọnwa Ọktoba 2023 na dị ka onye isi ụlọ akwụkwọ ọ gara St Andrews naanị otu ugboro ma ghara ịga nzukọ 10 n'ime nzukọ 12 (gụnyere nke mebere emepe) nke Ụlọikpe Mahadum. <ref name="saint">{{Cite news|author=Charleton|first=Seb|title=Rector? What Rector?|url=https://www.thesaint.scot/post/rector-what-rector|accessdate=3 November 2023|work=The Saint|date=28 September 2023}}</ref> Akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ hotara onye nyocha rector ka ọ na-ekwu na Hussein emezughị ọrụ ya dị ka Rector na Onye isi oche Student Association Barry Will na-agbakwụnye "Echeghị m na ọ bụ ihe dị ukwuu ịjụ. Enwere ọrụ ịnọ n'ebe ndị ahụ ma kwado ụmụ akwụkwọ".<ref name="saint2">{{Cite web|author=Davey|first=Jack|date=2023-09-28|title="Disappointing": Rector's Reckoning|url=https://www.thesaint.scot/post/disappointing-rector-s-reckoning|accessdate=2023-10-07|work=The Saint|language=en}}</ref> == Okwuchukwu na okwu == E wezụga ọrụ ọgwụgwọ uche na nke ndụmọdụ ya, a kpọrọ Hussein ka ọ kwuo okwu gbasara ụmụ agbọghọ, ụmụ nwanyị na ikike mmadụ na nyiwe dị iche iche gụnyere TedX, Oslo Freedom Forum, <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://oslofreedomforum.com/speakers/leyla-hussein|title=Leyla Hussein {{!}} Speakers {{!}} Oslo Freedom Forum|author=Forum|first=Oslo Freedom|work=Oslo Freedom Forum|language=en|accessdate=2017-10-31}}</ref> Women of the World Festival, Fuse Festival, AKE Festival, Stylist Live Event na ndị ọzọ. Ọ na-ekwu okwu na mmemme redio na telivishọn dị iche iche gụnyere Radio World Service, BBC World, Have Your Say, Woman's Hour, Universal TV, BBC TV, Al Jazeera TV, Channel 5, CNN, ABC. Ọ na-eme ihe nkiri ugbu a na The Guilty Feminist podcasts<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://guiltyfeminist.libsyn.com/56-defiance-with-leyla-hussein|title=The Guilty Feminist: 56. Defiance with Leyla Hussein|work=guiltyfeminist.libsyn.com|language=en|accessdate=2017-10-31}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://guiltyfeminist.libsyn.com/64-minefields-with-reubs-j-walsh-leyla-hussein-and-rev-kate-harford|title=The Guilty Feminist: 64. Minefields with Reubs J Walsh, Leyla Hussein and Rev Kate Harford|work=guiltyfeminist.libsyn.com|language=en|accessdate=2017-10-31}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://guiltyfeminist.libsyn.com/65-feminism-and-faith-with-reubs-j-walsh-leyla-hussein-and-rev-kate-harford|title=The Guilty Feminist: 65. Feminism and Faith with Reubs J Walsh, Leyla Hussein and Rev Kate Harford|work=guiltyfeminist.libsyn.com|language=en|accessdate=2017-10-31}}</ref> ma Jay Nordlinger gbara ya ajụjụ ọnụ n'oge na-adịbeghị anya. N'afọ 2013, Hussein gosipụtara The Cruel Cut, ihe ngosi na-esote ọrụ ya na ịkwụsị FGM na UK. E gosipụtara ya na Channel 4 ma ghọọ ihe ngosi na-emepe emepe nke nyeere aka ịgbanwe iwu na iwu ndị Britain banyere otu esi emeso FGM. A họpụtara ihe nkiri ahụ na Hussein maka BAFTA na 2014. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://awards.bafta.org/award/2014/television/current-affairs|title=2014 Television Current Affairs {{!}} BAFTA Awards|work=awards.bafta.org|language=en|accessdate=2017-10-31}}</ref> A kpọrọ Hussein ka ọ kwuo okwu n'ọtụtụ mahadum n'ime afọ ndị gara aga, gụnyere Cambridge, Oxford, UCL, <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ucl.ac.uk/human-rights/ihr-events-past/2014/fgm-domestic-law|title=Gender, Human Rights, and Cultural Relativism. Tackling the Issues of FGM and Gender Violence in Domestic Law|work=www.ucl.ac.uk|language=en|accessdate=2017-10-31}}</ref> Mahadum West London, Columbia, Banard, Georgetown, Harvard na Mahadum Penn. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thegirlgeneration.org/blog/ending-fgm-america-0|title=Ending FGM in America|date=2016-06-15|work=The Girl Generation|accessdate=31 October 2017|language=en}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == A mụrụ Hussein na 1980 na [[Somalia]] . <ref name="Kplh">{{Cite web|title=Leyla Hussein|url=https://www.kompany.co.uk/o/uk/leyla+hussein|publisher=Kompany|accessdate=3 October 2014}}</ref><ref name="Hisfgm">{{Cite news|title=How I Survived Female Genital Mutilation|url=http://stayingalivefoundation.org/blog/2014/07/how-i-survived-female-genital-mutilation/|accessdate=3 October 2014|publisher=Staying Alive Foundation|date=18 June 2014}}</ref> Nne na nna ya bụ ndị ọkachamara gụrụ akwụkwọ, ọ sikwa n'ezinụlọ nwere ihe ùgwù.<ref name="Hisfgm" /> Hussein mechara kwaga [[Obodoézè Nà Ofú|United Kingdom]]. Maka agụmakwụkwọ ya na-esote sekọndrị, ọ nwetara diplọma postgraduate na ndụmọdụ ọgwụgwọ site na Mahadum Thames Valley . <ref name="Doelh">{{Cite web|title=Leyla Hussein|url=http://www.dofeve.org/leyla-hussein.html|publisher=Daughters of Eve|accessdate=13 July 2014|archivedate=15 July 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140715142942/http://www.dofeve.org/leyla-hussein.html}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">. Daughters of Eve. Archived from on 15 July 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite></ref> == Nsọpụrụ na onyinye == Hussein enwetala ọtụtụ onyinye maka ọrụ ya. N'etiti ndị a bụ 2008 PCT Breaking Down Barriers Award, 2010 Cosmopolitan Ultimate Campaigner Women of the Year Award, 2011 Emma Humphrey Award, <ref name="Doelh"/> Lin Groves Special Award, <ref name="Hplh"/> 2012 True Honour Award site na Iran na Kurdish Women's Right organization, BBC 100 Women of 2013, Ambassador for Peace Prize site na Inter-religious and International Peace Federation, <ref name="Doelh" /> Debretts 500 list kemgbe 2014. Na mgbakwunye, Hussein na Ali natara onyinye obodo / ọrụ ebere na 2014 Red Magazine Woman of the Year maka ọrụ ha na Daughters of Eve. <ref name="Llsfoiarwotya">{{Cite news|author=Powell|first=Emma|title=Lauren Laverne, Sadie Frost and Olivia Inge attend the Red Woman of the Year Awards|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/showbiz/celebrity-news/lauren-laverne-sadie-frost-and-olivia-inge-attend-the-red-woman-of-the-year-awards-9710635.html|accessdate=2 October 2014|work=[[London Evening Standard]]|date=4 September 2014}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFPowell2014">Powell, Emma (4 September 2014). [https://www.standard.co.uk/showbiz/celebrity-news/lauren-laverne-sadie-frost-and-olivia-inge-attend-the-red-woman-of-the-year-awards-9710635.html "Lauren Laverne, Sadie Frost and Olivia Inge attend the Red Woman of the Year Awards"]. ''[[London Evening Standard]]''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite></ref> Ha nọkwa na nke isii na Ndepụta Ike nke Oge Nwanyị nke afọ 2014. <ref name="Tefgm">{{Cite journal|author=British Association for Behavioural & Cognitive Psychotherapies|title=Towards ending female genital mutilation|journal=CBT Today|date=May 2014|volume=42|issue=2|pages=16–17|url=http://www.babcp.com/files/CBT-Today/cbt-today-may-2014.pdf|accessdate=3 October 2014}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFBritish_Association_for_Behavioural_&_Cognitive_Psychotherapies2014">British Association for Behavioural & Cognitive Psychotherapies (May 2014). <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. ''CBT Today''. '''42''' (2): <span class="nowrap">16–</span>17. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20141006085307/http://www.babcp.com/files/CBT-Today/cbt-today-may-2014.pdf the original] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 6 October 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite></ref> A họpụtara Hussein ka ọ bụrụ [[Order of the British Empire|Onye isi nke Order of the British Empire]] (OBE) na 2019 Birthday Honours maka ọrụ iji dozie nkwarụ ụmụ nwanyị na enweghị nhata nwoke na nwanyị. == Edemsibia == {{Reflist|30em}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Official website [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] b59rxkfzatyi5n3d3nl7ufa10wg6j89 0 75219 632227 632047 2026-05-07T15:07:06Z Ceentia 24734 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1348537174|Emmanuel Tony Agbaji]]" 632227 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Reflist}}'''Emmanuel Tony Agbaji''' (amụrụ na 21 Nọvemba 1992) bụ onye Naijiria,onye okachamara na-agba bọọlụ, nke na-agba dị ka onye na-agbachitere ndị otu Bangladesh Premier League bụ Bashundhara Kings . == Ọrụ klọb == === Kpakpando Lobi === A mụrụ Emmanuel na Naịjiria. Kemgbe nwata ya, na 2009, ọ sonyeere Lobi Stars Academy dị na Makurdi, Naịjiria, wee banye nkwekọrịta ọrụ ọkachamara mbụ ya na otu ndị okenye Lobi Stars na 2011. Emmanuel bụ onye ọkpụkpọ kasị ogologo oge na-arụ ọrụ na Lobi Stars ma bụrụkwa onyeisi otu ahụ n'ọtụtụ oge. Ọ nakwara mmeri na Nigerian Premier League na 2018 ma gbaa egwuregwu CAF Champions League maka Lobi Stars. === Nam Định === Na Jenụwarị 2019, ọ kwagara Vietnam ma banye na CLB Nam Định. N’oge egwuregwu 2019 nke V-League, Emmanuel kpọrọ 24 egwuregwu n’otu asọmpi ahụ ma bụrụkwa onye dị mkpa n’òtù Nam Định. Na Jenụwarị 2020, Emmanuel gbatịkwuru nkwekọrịta ya na Nam Định maka ọzọ egwuregwu ọzọ. Ọ hapụrụ n'ikpeazụ nke ogbo egwuregwu 2020. '''Ịlaghachi na Lobi Stars''' Mgbe ezumike ọnwa iri na anọ site na bọọlụ, Emmanuel laghachiri na klọb nke ọ bụ nwata na-egwuri egwu, Lobi Stars. O mere goolu mbụ ya kemgbe ọ laghachiri na klọb ahụ n’egwuregwu NPFL megide Wikki Tourists FC na 10 Julaị 2022 n’oge nkeji iri isii. N’egwuregwu ahụ, o megbakwara ihe nrigbu na nkeji iri asatọ na itoolu nke nwere ike ibute ka otu ahụ furu isi ihe atọ, mana onye otu ya Godfrey Utin mere goolu nke kpebiri egwuregwu ahụ ka minit anọ gachara iji merie egwuregwu ahụ 3–2. == Nsọpụrụ == '''Kpakpando Lobi''' * Njikọ bọọlụ Naịjirịa: 2018 * Super Cup nke Naịjirịa: 2018 '''Mohammedan SC''' * Bangladesh Premier League: 2024-252024–25 == Ihe odide == [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 1p2rd1myhy2ele7pje9gxvf0l45midq 0 75220 632232 632049 2026-05-07T17:41:18Z Ceentia 24734 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1333933661|Solomon Agbalaka]]" 632232 wikitext text/x-wiki   Solomon Chinonso Agbalaka (amụrụ na 9 Nọvemba 2003) bụ onye bọọlụ Naijiria nke na-agba dị ka onye nchegharị aka ekpe. == Ọrụ klọb == Na ubochi itoolụ na ọnwa Ọgọst 2023, Agbalaka bịanyere aka na klọb Russian Premier League Sochi na mgbazinye.[1] Ọ mere mmalite ya na RPL maka Sochi na 16 Septemba 2023 megide Spartak Moscow.[2] Agbalaka hapụrụ Sochi site n'ikwekọrịta ọnụ na echichi iri na itoolu na ọnwa Jenụwarị 2026.[3] == Ọrụ mba ụwa == Agbalaka nọchiri Nigeria na asọmpi U-20 Africa Cup of Nations nke 2023, ebe ha nwetara ọnọdụ nke atọ ma họrọ ya ka ọ bụrụ onye otu egwuregwu nke asọmpi ahụ. O mesịa gbaa bọọlụ na 2023 FIFA U-20 World Cup, ebe Nigeria ruru nkeji iri abụọ na anọ. == Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ == {{updated|23 October 2025}}<ref>{{WorldFootball.net|solomon-agbalaka}}</ref> == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] kp8g7ji31rfsrucospwusbi6yyjqmtf 0 75287 632221 2026-05-07T12:04:49Z NiferO 20385 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345857583|Mozes Adams]]" 632221 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Mozes Adams''' {{Audio|LL-Q33578 (ibo)-Obefelix-Mozes Adams.wav|Listen}} (amụrụ na 21 n'ọnwa Julaị afọ 1988 na Saminaka, ndịda Kaduna Steeti, [[Naijiria|Naịjirịa]]) bụ [[Ndị Naijiria|Onye Naijiria]] na-agba bọọlụ. Adams na-egwuri egwu n'etiti etiti ma na-egwuregwu ikpeazụ maka KVC Westerlo na [[Belgium]]. == Ọrụ == Ọ kwagara na 2 n'ọnwa Jenụwarị afọ 2007 site na Ranchers Bees gaa K.V.C. Westerlo. N'oge okpomọkụ 2012 Westerlo wepụtara ma zụọ ya na R. Cappellen FC. Mgbe oge nwere nsogbu ikpere, bịanyere aka na mbụ n'oge okpomọkụ 2013 maka R. Cappellen FC . n'ọnwa Jenụwarị afọ 2015, Moses sonyeere ọgbakọ Ironi Tiberias si Israel.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Nigeria|first=Media|date=2018-06-07|title=Biography Of Mozes Adams (Footballer)|url=https://www.medianigeria.com/biography-of-mozes-adams-footballer/|accessdate=2022-07-27|work=Media Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ọrụ mba ụwa == Adams bụ onye otu Naijiria U-20 na 2007 FIFA U-20 World Cup na [[Kánada|Canada]]. == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] g5zkr1ha1sbiyrtm3lwaw5og3nt1i15 1728 75288 632223 2026-05-07T13:29:21Z Goodymeraj 16207 event page created 632223 wikitext text/x-wiki {| cellpadding="4" cellspacing="10" style="margin:auto;" |[[File:Igbo Wikimedians User Group Logo.svg|200px|link=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Igbo_Wikimedians_User_Group]] |} =='''World Tuberculosis Day 2026 - Promoting Public Health on Tuberculosis on Wikipedia and Wikidata'''== Tuberculosis, TB for short is a disease as well as an epidemic to that has done a lot of harm to humanity. This made UNESCO to declare 24th March of every year as a day set aside to create special awareness about the disease. Sadly , so many articles there are on English Wikipedia and Wikidata also, about the disease. But none exists on Igbo Wikipedia - this is the essence of the project. To create more awareness about the disease on Igbo Wikipedia and on Wikidata. By so doing, we join hands to fight against the disease collectively. == Project timeline == *Project Launch/Physical event - ''' Sunday, 10th May 2026 **Time - ''' 11:00AM UTC+1 ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1774692000 Check your local time zone]) ==Project launch details== This event will be a physical event. *Venue for in-person event: St. Patrick's Cathedral Hall , Awka, Anambra State == Facilitators == # [[User:Goodymeraj|Goodymeraj]] - Project Lead/Trainer # [[User:10kdollz|10kdollz]] - Co-Lead gz2s64az3pmb7cddkfjoxgcv4ksvaaz 0 75289 632231 2026-05-07T17:28:06Z Johnnybam 24488 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1338508906|Junior Adamu]]" 632231 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Chukwubuike Junior Adamu''' (amụrụ na 6 June 2001) bụ onye na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba ọsọ maka klọb Scottish Premiership Celtic na mgbazinye site na klọb German SC Freiburg . A mụrụ ya na Naijiria, ọ na-egwuri egwu maka otu egwuregwu mba Austria. == Ọrụ klọb == Adamu malitere ọrụ ya na otu ndị ntorobịa nke GSV Wacker. Na Jenụwarị 2014 ọ sonyeere Grazer AK. Na 2015, ọ sonyeere Red Bull Salzburg Academy, ebe ọ gara n'ihu site na U15 ruo U18. Na Septemba 2017, a gụnyere ya na ndị otu FC Liefering na nke mbụ ya. N'otu ọnwa ahụ, ọ malitekwara maka Red Bull Salzburg's UEFA Youth League team, na-abịa maka Nicolas Meister na egwuregwu megide Bordeaux. O mere egwuregwu izizi ya maka FC Liefering megide WSG Wattens na Nọvemba 2018 ka ọ bịara maka Karim Adeyemi. N'ọnwa Septemba 2020, o mere nke mbụ ya maka Red Bull Salzburg na egwuregwu Austrian Cup megide SW Bregen, na-abịa na nkeji nke 75 maka Masaya Okugawa. Adamu gbatara goolu mbụ ya maka Red Bull Salzburg na ọkpụ 1–0 meriri Admira na 14 Ọgọst 2021. Goolu ahụ nyere Salzburg mmeri n'okporo ụzọ ha nke ise n'usoro, nke kacha ogologo n'ime afọ iri. Ụbọchị atọ ka e mesịrị, ọ pụtara na mbụ ya na UEFA Champions League, na-abịa dị ka onye nnọchi na 2-1 mmeri n'ụlọ megide Danish Superliga Championship Brøndby na ụkwụ mbụ nke agba ha. Na 16 February 2022, Adamu gbara goolu mbụ ya na UEFA Champions League na 1-1 n'ụlọ ha megide ndị mmeri Bundesliga Bayern Munich na ụkwụ mbụ nke agba 16 ka ọ bịarutere dị ka onye nọchiri anya Noa Okafor. Na 22 June 2023, otu German Bundesliga SC Freiburg kwupụtara mbinye aka nke Adamu na nkwekọrịta a na-akọwaghị. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.scfreiburg.com/aktuell/nachrichten/profis/20222023/junior-adamu-kommt-zum-sc/|title=Herzlich willkommen, Junior!|publisher=SC Freiburg|language=de|date=22 June 2023|accessdate=22 June 2023}}</ref> Na 2 February 2026, Adamu sonyeere Celtic na mbinye ego ruo na njedebe nke oge, na klọb nwere nhọrọ ime ka mbufe na-adịgide adịgide. Ọ mere mpụta mbụ ya na 7 February 2026, na-abịa dị ka onye nọchiri anya na asọmpi Scottish Cup megide Dundee, gbara bọọlụ na nkeji 97th iji were egwuregwu ahụ ruo oge mgbakwunye, nke Celtic mechara merie 2-1. == Ọrụ mba ụwa == A mụrụ ya na Naijiria, Adamu na-anọchite anya Austria na mba ụwa ma na-egwuri egwu maka otu Austria U18, Austria U19, na Austria U21. Ọ pụtara nke mbụ ya n'òtù ndị isi mba Austria na 12 Nọvemba 2021 na egwuregwu World Cup qualifier megide Israel. <ref>{{Cite web|publisher=[[FIFA]]|url=https://www.fifa.com/tournaments/mens/worldcup/qatar2022/qualifiers/uefa/match-center/400155664|title=Austria v Israel game report|date=12 November 2021|accessdate=17 November 2021}}</ref> [[Faịlụ:UEFA_Euro_2023_Qualifiers_Austria_vs._Finland_(2022-06-03)_01.jpg|thumb|240x240px|Adamu na-egwuri egwu maka Austria U21 na 2022]] {{Clear}} == Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ == {{updated|match played 15 February 2026}}<ref name = "SW">{{soccerway|junior-chikwubuike-adamu/508743|access-date=17 August 2021}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" |+Egwuregwu na ihe mgbaru ọsọ site na klọb, oge na asọmpi ! rowspan="2" |Klọb ! rowspan="2" |Oge ! colspan="3" |Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Iko mba[a] ! colspan="2" |Europe ! colspan="2" |Ndị ọzọ ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta |- !Nkewa !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ |- | rowspan="4" |FC Liefering |2018–19 |2. Njikọ |16 |5 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |16 |5 |- |2019–20 |2. Njikọ |20 |14 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |20 |14 |- |2020–21 |2. Njikọ |13 |7 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |13 |7 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !49 !26 !0 !0 !0 !0 ! colspan="2" |- !49 !26 |- | rowspan="4" |Red Bull Salzburg |2020–21 |Bundesliga nke Austria |0 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |- |2021–22 |Bundesliga nke Austria |30 |7 |4 |1 |9[b] |1 |0 |0 |43 |9 |- |2022–23 |Bundesliga nke Austria |28 |10 |4 |3 |8[c] |1 |0 |0 |40 |14 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !58 !17 !9 !4 !17 !2 !0 !0 !84 !23 |- |St. Gallen (onye e ji ego mgbazinye) |2020–21 |Njikọ Super Switzerland |14 |6 |4 |2 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |18 |8 |- |SC Freiburg nke Abụọ |2023–24 |3. Njikọ |2 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |2 |0 |- | rowspan="4" |SC Freiburg |2023–24 |Bundesliga |15 |0 |1 |0 |6[d] |1 | colspan="2" | - |22 |1 |- |2024–25 |Bundesliga |25 |2 |2 |2 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - |27 |4 |- |2025–26 |Bundesliga |9 |1 |1 |0 |7[d] |1 | colspan="2" | - |17 |2 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !49 !3 !4 !2 !13 !2 ! colspan="2" |- !66 !7 |- |Ndị Celt (onye a gbazinyere) |2025–26 |Onye isi ala Scotland |2 |0 |1 |1 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - |3 |1 |- ! colspan="3" |Ọrụ ya niile !174 !52 !18 !9 !30 !4 !0 !0 !222 !65 |} {{notelist}} === Mba Nile === {{updated|match played 14 November 2024}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Egwuregwu na ihe mgbaru ọsọ site na otu mba na afọ !Ndị otu mba !Afọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ |- | rowspan="4" |Austria |2021 |1 |0 |- |2022 |2 |0 |- |2023 |3 |0 |- |2024 |3 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !9 !0 |} == Nsọpụrụ == * Austrian Bundesliga: 2021-22, 2022-232022–23 * Iko mba Austria: 2021-222021–22 == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Junior AdamunaÖFB (n'asụsụ German) * player","href":"./Template:ÖFB_player"},"params":{"1":{"wt":"1245957"}},"i":0}}]}' data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" href="<nowiki>https://www.oefb.at/Spieler/1245957</nowiki>" id="mwAic" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow" typeof="mw:Transclusion">Junior Adamu na ÖFB (otu mba) * Junior AdamunaInstagram [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] i8y09ba8u86j8ccrj3bizu7fzkreszh 0 75290 632233 2026-05-07T17:41:18Z Johnnybam 24488 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1329708732|Yakubu Adamu]]" 632233 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Yakubu Adamu''' (A mụrụ n'ụbọchị nke anọ nke October 1981) bụ onye Naijiria bụbu [[Footbọl|onye na-agba bọọlụ]] nke na-agbachitere. Ọ gbara bọọlụ otu oge na Bundesliga na FC St. Pauli. == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 56bxiwe2955fosyfvwchja0rh03elh4 0 75291 632234 2026-05-07T17:49:48Z Johnnybam 24488 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1329539809|Julius Adaramola]]" 632234 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Julius Adaramola''' {{Audio|LL-Q34311 (yor)-Tunmise123-Julius Adaramola.wav|Listen}} (A mụrụ na 4th nke Eprel 1990) bụ onye Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba maka R 32% IL. N'oge gara aga, Adaramola gbara bọọlụ maka Olimpia Bălți na Fredrikstad FK. == Ọrụ == === Klọb === Na 2010-2011, ọ na-egwu egwuregwu anọ niile na-eru eru na UEFA Europa League maka Olimpia ma merie otu ihe mgbaru ọsọ, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ onye kachasị elu na onye na-eme ihe mgbaru ọsọ, n'etiti ndị ọzọ. N'oge ọkọchị nke afọ 2013, [https://web.archive.org/web/20131230234452/http://www.fredrikstadfk.no/latest-news/article/1q0dk756jk8lx1i0lc3e52w6iu/title/julius-er-ffk-spiller Adaramola bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta na-adịgide adịgide na FFK], mgbe nrụgide si n'èzí sitere n'aka ọha na eze na gburugburu ebe obibi. N'ọnwa Mee afọ 2016, Adaramola sonyeere R 32% IL, <ref>{{Cite web|title=Spilte 23 kamper for FFK i fjor - nå er han klar for Råde i 4. divisjon|url=https://www.nrk.no/ostfold/julius-adaramola-klar-for-rade-il-1.12945720|work=nrk.no|publisher=NRK|accessdate=24 April 2018|language=Norwegian|date=13 May 2016}}</ref> na-etinye aka na nkwekọrịta afọ atọ ọhụrụ na R 32% na July 2017. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Julius Adaramola skrev treårskontrakt med Råde|url=https://www.f-b.no/sport/fotball/rade-il/julius-adaramola-skrev-trearskontrakt-med-rade/s/5-59-814101|work=f-b.no|publisher=Fredrikstad Blad|accessdate=24 April 2018|language=Norwegian|date=19 July 2017}}</ref> == Edensibia == == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140709072321/http://www.fotball.no/Community/Profil/?fiksId=2858112 Profaịlụ] na www.fotball.no * [https://web.archive.org/web/20131013233956/http://www.altomfotball.no/element.do?cmd=player&personId=250495&tournamentId=2&teamId=361&seasonId=335&useFullUrl=false Profaịlụ] na www.altomfotball.no * Julius Adaramolan'okporo ụzọ bọọlụ * [http://www.football-lineups.com/footballer/49604/ Profaịlụ] na www.football-lineups.com * Julius Adaramolana WorldFootball.net [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] dx8sp76na8ebnbe8ch7lu8w7svga95w 0 75292 632235 2026-05-07T18:00:18Z Johnnybam 24488 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1329540044|Jacob Adebanjo]]" 632235 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Jacob Olorunwa Adebanjo''' ( A mụrụ na 5 Septemba 1993) bụ onye Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba ọsọ dị ka onye na-agbachitere etiti ma ọ bụ onye na-echebe etiti. '''Vitoria Setúbal''' == Edensibia == == Njikọ mpụga == * Jacob Adebanjona RomanianSoccer.ro (n'asụsụ Romanian) * Jacob Adebanjon'okporo ụzọ bọọlụ * Jacob Adebanjona ForaDeJogo (echekwara) * Jacob Adebanjona WorldFootball.net * Jacob Adebanjo- Statistics nke egwuregwu Romanian naLPF (nke e debere 2019-07-14) (n'asụsụ Romanian) [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] fxmbvy21iw9a5lfgfcguvt4frmi58l5 0 75293 632237 2026-05-07T18:36:03Z Johnnybam 24488 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1343684867|Dele Adebola]]" 632237 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Bristol City F.C. Player of the Season}}  '''Crewe Alexandra''' == Oge ọ malitere == A mụrụ ya na Lagos, Lagos State, Adebola tolitere na Liverpool mgbe ya na ezinụlọ ya rutere England dị ka nwa ọhụrụ; dị ka nwa akwụkwọ, ọ gbara bọọlụ n'otu akụkụ nnọchiteanya dị ka Robbie Fowler. Mgbe Liverpool nyere ya ebe YTS, otu ọ kwadoro, o kwenyere na ịnwa ịga n'ihu dị ka onye na-agba ọsọ ụkwụ aka ekpe na klọb ahụ n'otu oge ahụ dị ka Fowler agaghị abụ ezigbo echiche. N'ihi ya, ọ nabatara onyinye yiri nke ahụ site n'aka Crewe Alexandra.<ref>{{Cite news|first=Jon|author=Culley|title=Adebola out to upstage an old idol|work=The Independent|date=24 February 2001|url=http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4158/is_20010224/ai_n14374266|accessdate=2 April 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football-adebola-lifts-the-blues-1196184.html|title=Adebola lifts the Blues|first=Adam|author=Szreter|work=The Independent|date=5 September 1998|accessdate=4 August 2015}}</ref> === Crewe Alexandra === O mere egwuregwu mbụ ya n'afọ 1992-93 na Division nke Atọ mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na asaa, na oge na-esote ọ nwetara ahụmịhe site n'ịgba bọọlụ na Bangor City na Welsh Premier League na Conference Northwich Victoria. O nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na Crewe na 1996-97, ihe mgbaru ọsọ 16 ya gosipụtara na ọ dị mkpa na nkwalite klọb ahụ na Ngalaba Mbụ. N'oge na-adịghị anya, o gosipụtara na ya nwere ike ịgba goolu na ọkwa ahụ, ma dọta mmasị site na ọtụtụ klọb buru ibu.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Sky Blues watching Adebola transfer race|work=4thegame.com|date=5 November 1997|url=http://www.4thegame.com/club/ccfc/news/28791/SKY+BLUES+WATCHING+ADEBOLA+TRANSFER+RACE.html}}</ref> N'ịbụ onye nwere nkụda mmụọ mgbe Crewe jụrụ onyinye maka ya site na West Ham United, o mere ka klọb ahụ doo anya na ọ chọrọ ịhapụ, ma klọb na-achọghị ka ọ dịrị maka ịkwaga.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.creweguardian.co.uk/news/5317634.ADEBOLA_SET_TO_MOVE_ON/|title=Adebola set to move on|work=Crewe Guardian|date=7 November 1997|accessdate=4 August 2015}}</ref> N'ọnwa Febụwarị afọ 1998, onye njikwa Trevor Francis bịanyere aka na Adebola maka otu egwuregwu nke mbụ Birmingham City maka ego £ 1 nde. === Obodo Birmingham === Site na goolu asaa fọdụrụ n'oge ahụ, na ịgba goolu na nke ọ bụla n'ime egwuregwu ise mbụ ya (na asọmpi niile) na 1998-99, ọdịnihu ya na Birmingham dị mma. N'oge mbụ ya zuru ezu, o nyere goolu iri na atọ, mana n'afọ 1999-2000 ọ naghị arụpụta ihe, ọ kwụsịrị ihu ọma, na ngwụcha oge ahụ, a tụbara ya na ndepụta ndị na-agafe agafe. Las Palmas, onye e buliri elu na La Liga, kwupụtara na ha abịanyela ya aka, <ref>{{Cite news|title=Shock as Adebola quits|publisher=BBC Sport|date=1 July 2000|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/b/birmingham_city/814543.stm|accessdate=2 April 2007}}</ref> naanị maka ịkwaga ahụ ka ọ daa n'ihi ọrịa. <ref name="LgeCupPrev">{{Cite news|url=http://soccernet.espn.go.com/archive/england/news/2001/0109/20010109_birmingham_979026864.html|title=Adebola looking forward to a Blue final|publisher=ESPN Soccernet|date=9 January 2001}}</ref> N'agbanyeghị na ọ nọgidere na ndepụta ndị nnọchi anya, eweghachiri ya na ndị otu mbụ, ihe mgbaru ọsọ ya nyeere Birmingham aka iru 2001 Football League Cup Final.[1] Onye njikwa ahụ kwuru na ọ debere ya na ndepụta ndị nọchiri anya iji kpalie ya ịrụ ọrụ dabara na ike ya, ọsọ ya na ikike nka mana nke ọdịdị "ụra" ya nwere ike igbochi ya. Ọrịa dị njọ nke ikpere, kwadoro n'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe a na-emeso onye ọkpụkpọ ahụ n'igbe ahụ, gosipụtara na ọ bụ njedebe nke ọrụ Birmingham. Ịgbazinye ego na Oldham Athletic na njedebe nke oge 2001-02 nyeere ya aka ịmaliteghachi ahụ ike, mana onye njikwa ọhụrụ Steve Bruce họọrọ ịghara imeghari nkwekọrịta ya. [[Faịlụ:Dele_Adebola_-_Forest.jpg|thumb|Adebola na-egwuri egwu maka Nottingham Forest na Nọvemba 2010]] N'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2002, Adebola bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta otu afọ na Crystal Palace, mgbe ọ masịrị onye bụbu onye njikwa Trevor Francis na ikpe.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Palace sign Adebola|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/c/crystal_palace/2193386.stm|publisher=BBC Sport|date=14 August 2002|accessdate=16 April 2012}}</ref> Ọ gbara otu oge na klọb ahụ, ebe o gosipụtara ahụike ya, na-apụta ugboro 48 na asọmpi niile. A tọhapụrụ ya ọzọ na ngwụcha oge ahụ, Gary McAllister kpọgara ya na Coventry City, ebe ọ na-achọtaghị ụdị ọ bụla na mbụ, na-emecha oge ahụ na mgbazinye na Burnley, n'ụzọ na-emegide onwe ya bụ klọb nke chọsiri ike ịzụta ya tupu mmerụ ahụ ya.<ref name="LETinjury">{{Cite news|title=Clarets target's injury shock|work=Lancashire Evening Telegraph|date=4 May 2001|url=http://www.lancashiretelegraph.co.uk/news/6031584.Clarets_target_s_injury_shock/|accessdate=4 August 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Francis wants to keep Clarets target Adebola|work=Lancashire Evening Telegraph|date=25 November 2000|url=http://www.lancashiretelegraph.co.uk/news/6056319.Francis_wants_to_keep_Clarets_target_Adebola/|accessdate=4 August 2015}}</ref> Na Burnley, ọ gbara otu ugboro n'ime egwuregwu atọ, ihe mgbaru ọsọ ya na-abịa megide Watford. Another loan spell followed, this time at Bradford City for whom he scored three goals. It was only when recalled to the Coventry side on a regular basis in 2004–05, first under Peter Reid and particularly under Micky Adams, playing with the likes of Stern John and Gary McSheffrey, that his form picked up. Na 30 Jenụwarị 2008, Adebola bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta ọnwa 18 na Bristol City, na-aga maka ego a na-akọwaghị, <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/b/bristol_city/7218438.stm|title=Bristol City sign striker Adebola|date=31 January 2008|accessdate=3 February 2008|publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> n'agbanyeghị na Coventry chọrọ imezigharị nkwekọrịta ya, nke ga-agwụ n'oge ọkọchị. Adebola mere nke mbụ ya na 2 Febụwarị na mmeri 3-0 Ndị Queens Park Rangers, wee gbaa naanị nkeji asaa na nke mbụ ya n'ụlọ iji nyere City aka imeri Sheffield Wednesday 2-1 . <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_div_1/7223891.stm|title=Bristol City 2–1 Sheff Wed|date=9 February 2008|accessdate=10 February 2008|publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> Egwuregwu ya n'afọ 2008-09, n'oge ọ gbara goolu 10 site na 42 pụtara, mere ka ọ bụrụ onye egwuregwu nke afọ. <ref name="PotY">{{Cite news|url=http://www.thisisbristol.co.uk/sport/Adebola-scoops-Bristol-City-award/article-974461-detail/article.html|title=Adebola scoops Bristol City award|date=8 May 2009|work=Bristol Evening Post|accessdate=30 May 2009}}</ref> Onye ọkpụkpọ ahụ jụrụ onyinye klọb ahụ maka ịgbatị nkwekọrịta ya otu afọ, na-azọrọ na a na-enye ya nkwekọrịta afọ abụọ n'ebe ọzọ.<ref name="PotY" /> A mara ọkwa na 30 June 2009 na Adebola bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta afọ abụọ na Nottingham Forest. Ọ sonyeere ha n'efu mgbe ọ jụrụ nkwekọrịta otu afọ na Bristol City. Adebola gbalịrị ijide ọnọdụ mgbe niile n'akụkụ Forest n'oge 2009-10. A na-ejikarị ya eme ihe n'ọnọdụ, na-ahụ onwe ya n'okpuru Dexter Blackstock na Robert Earnshaw n'usoro, mana o jisiri ike manye ya ịbanye n'òtù Forest, ọkachasị n'ụlọ, na njedebe nke oge. Ọ gbara goolu nkasi obi n'azụ oge maka Forest na play-off semi-final nke abụọ megide Blackpool. [[Faịlụ:Dele_Adebola_23-07-21_1.png|thumb|354x354px|Adebola na-egwuri egwu maka Hull City na 2011]] Ọ banyere na mkparịta ụka nkwekọrịta na Hull City na njedebe nke oge 2010–11. Na 29 June, a mara ọkwa na Adebola abanyela nkwekọrịta otu afọ. O mere mpụta mbụ ya na egwuregwu mbụ nke oge na 5 August 2011 na KC Stadium na 1-0 meriri Blackpool. Na 20 Maachị 2012, Adebola sonyeere Njikọ Otu akụkụ Notts County na mbinye ego maka oge fọdụrụnụ. Ọ mere egwuregwu asọmpi isii wee merie otu ugboro, na-abịa na nkeji 89th nke mmeri 4–3 meriri Wycombe Wanderers. === Rochdale === N'abalị asaa n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2012, Adebola bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta otu afọ na klọb League Two Rochdale . <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/19164517|title=Dele Adebola joins Rochdale after Reece Gray injury|date=7 August 2012|publisher=BBC Sport|accessdate=13 August 2012}}</ref> N'okpuru onye njikwa John Coleman, Adebola mere 26 league appearances maka Rochdale, mana mgbe Keith Hill weghaara dị ka onye njikwa mgbe a chụpụrụ Coleman, Hill mere ka o doo anya na ọ chọrọ ịhapụ Adebola ka ọ hapụ klọb ahụ. Na February 2013, Adebola bịanyere aka na ndị isi ọgbakọ Wrexham na mbinye ego, dabere na nkwenye mba ụwa.N’ụbọchị nke abụọ nke Maachị, o mere mpụta mbụ ya na eserese 1–1 na asọmpi ọgbakọ na The Racecourse megide Alfreton Town. Adebola mere ihe ngosi iri na atọ maka Wrexham, ọ gbara ugboro abụọ, megide Lincoln City na Ebbsfleet United. Ngosipụta ikpeazụ ya maka Wrexham bịara dị ka onye nnọchi nkeji nkeji iri na asatọ, nọchiri Jay Harris, na Wembley Stadium na egwuregwu egwuregwu ikpeazụ megide Newport County. Wrexham meriri 2–0, na-ama ha ikpe na oge nke isii na bọọlụ na-abụghị ọgbakọ. Mgbe ọ laghachiri na Rochdale, a tọhapụrụ ya. === Rushall Olympic === Adebola bịanyere aka na Rushall Olympic na-abụghị league n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2013. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.pitchero.com/clubs/rushallolympic/news/major-new-signing-for-rushall-1014774.html|title=Major new signing for Rushall Olympic|publisher=Rushall Olympic F.C.|date=16 August 2013|accessdate=16 August 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808054749/http://www.pitchero.com/clubs/rushallolympic/news/major-new-signing-for-rushall-1014774.html|archivedate=8 August 2014}}</ref> === Ndị agha Leamington === Ka ọ na-erule afọ 2024, Adebola na-egwuri egwu maka otu Leamington Veterans, n'akụkụ onye otu ya bụbu onye egwuregwu Coventry David Busst.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Johnston|first=Neil|date=15 March 2024|title='Somebody help me' - the injury that shocked football|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/68492208|accessdate=18 March 2024|work=BBC Sport}}</ref> Na Machị 1998 onye njikwa ọhụrụ nke Northern Ireland Lawrie McMenemy, mgbe ọ chọpụtara na Adebola bụ nwa amaala Britain a mụrụ na mba ọzọ ma ya mere o ruru eru igwu egwu maka mba ọ bụla, họọrọ ya maka egwuregwu mbụ ya na-elekọta, egwuregwu enyi na enyi megide Slovakia.<ref>{{Cite news|title=N Ireland shock as McMenemy picks Nigerian|work=Irish Independent|date=13 March 1998|url=http://www.independent.ie/sport/n-ireland-shock-as-mcmenemy-picks-nigerian-26193150.html|accessdate=4 August 2015}}</ref> Adebola hapụrụ n'ihi mmerụ ahụ, mana o gosipụtara mmasị n'ịgba bọọlụ maka mba ahụ.<ref>{{Cite news|first=David|author=Anderson|title=Adebola to miss Slovakia clash|work=Irish Examiner|date=24 March 1998|url=http://archives.tcm.ie/irishexaminer/1998/03/24/phead.htm}}</ref> A họpụtakwara ya na ndị otu [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] maka 1998 World Cup, mana o nweghị ike ịpụ. Ma Northern Ireland ma Naịjirịa gara n'ihu na-achụso onye ọkpụkpọ ahụ; n'ọnwa Ọktoba afọ 1998 McMenemy kọrọ na Adebola achọghị igwu egwu maka Naịjirị, ọ chọghịkwa itinye aka na Northern Ireland n'ihi na o nwere anya ya igwu egwu na England.<ref>{{Cite news|first=David|author=Anderson|title=McMenemy scours leagues for talent|work=Irish Examiner|date=9 October 1998|url=http://archives.tcm.ie/irishexaminer/1998/10/09/phead.htm}}</ref> Na Machị 1999, McMenemy mere mgbalị ikpeazụ na-enweghị isi iji mee ka ọ gbaa bọọlụ maka Northern Ireland.<ref>{{Cite news|first=David|author=Anderson|title=McMenemy is ignoring Germany in crisis claims|work=Irish Examiner|date=25 March 1999|url=http://archives.tcm.ie/irishexaminer/1999/03/25/phead.htm}}</ref> N'agbanyeghị enweghị ọdịdị ya na ọkwa klọb, ndị na-ahọrọ Naijiria ka na-atụle ya nke ọma ka etinye ya na ndị otu mbụ maka 2000 African Cup of Nations na, mgbe ya na onye nkuzi Jo Bonfrere kwurịtara okwu, na ndị otu maka onye na-eme asọmpi World Cup na July 2000. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Sports Digest|work=Irish Examiner|date=14 December 1999|url=http://archives.tcm.ie/irishexaminer/1999/12/14/results.htm}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Adebola called into Nigeria squad|publisher=BBC Sport|date=30 June 2000|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/b/birmingham_city/813155.stm|accessdate=2 April 2007}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, ọ nabataghị ọ bụla n'ime akwụkwọ ịkpọ òkù ndị a.<templatestyles src="Module:Message box/ambox.css"></templatestyles>{{Updated|match played 29 November 2011.}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nottinghamforest.co.uk/page/ProfilesDetail/0,,10308~8191,00.html |title=Player profiles: Dele Adebola |publisher=Nottingham Forest F.C. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090706045349/http://www.nottinghamforest.co.uk/page/ProfilesDetail/0%2C%2C10308~8191%2C00.html |archive-date= 6 July 2009 |url-status=dead }}</ref>{{Bristol City F.C. Player of the Season}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! colspan="3" |Egwuregwu klọb ! colspan="2" |Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Iko ! colspan="2" |Iko Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta |- !Oge !Klọb !Njikọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ |- |- ! colspan="3" |England ! colspan="2" |Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Iko FA ! colspan="2" |Iko Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta |- |1994–95 | rowspan="4" |Crewe Alexandra | rowspan="3" |Nkewa nke Abụọ |30 |8 |0 |0 |0 |0 |30 |8 |- |1995–96 |30 |8 |5 |2 |1 |1 |36 |11 |- |1996–97 |35 |16 |3 |1 |1 |1 |39 |18 |- | rowspan="2" |1997–98 | rowspan="5" |Nkewa Mbụ |27 |7 |1 |0 |1 |0 |29 |7 |- | rowspan="4" |Obodo Birmingham |17 |7 |0 |0 |0 |0 |17 |7 |- |1998–99 |41 |14 |1 |1 |4 |2 |46 |17 |- |1999–2000 |43 |5 |1 |0 |5 |1 |49 |6 |- |2000–01 |31 |6 |1 |1 |8 |5 |40 |12 |- |2001–02 |Oldham Athletic (nke a gbazinyere) |Nkewa nke Abụọ |5 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |5 |0 |- |2002–03 |Obí Crystal | rowspan="3" |Nkewa Mbụ |39 |5 |4 |0 |5 |2 |48 |7 |- | rowspan="2" |2003–04 |Obodo Coventry |28 |2 |3 |0 |2 |1 |33 |3 |- |Burnley (onye a gbazinyere) |3 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |3 |1 |- | rowspan="2" |2004–05 |Bradford City (nke e gbazitere) | rowspan="10" |Mmeri |15 |3 |0 |0 |0 |0 |15 |3 |- | rowspan="4" |Obodo Coventry |25 |5 |1 |1 |0 |0 |26 |6 |- |2005–06 |44 |12 |3 |0 |2 |0 |49 |12 |- |2006–07 |40 |8 |2 |0 |1 |1 |43 |9 |- | rowspan="2" |2007–08 |26 |4 |2 |1 |3 |1 |31 |6 |- | rowspan="2" |Obodo Bristol |20 |6 |0 |0 |0 |0 |20 |6 |- |2008–09 |39 |10 |2 |0 |1 |0 |42 |10 |- |2009–10 | rowspan="2" |Ọhịa Nottingham |34 |4 |2 |0 |2 |0 |38 |4 |- |2010–11 |29 |2 |2 |1 |1 |0 |32 |3 |- |2011–12 |Obodo Hull |10 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |10 |0 |- |- ! rowspan="1" |Ngụkọta ! colspan="2" |England !611 !133 !33 !8 !37 !15 !681 !156 |- ! colspan="3" |Ọrụ ya niile !611 !133 !33 !8 !37 !15 !681 !156 |} == Nsọpụrụ == '''Crewe Alexandra''' * Egwuregwu nke abụọ nke Football League: 1997 '''Obodo Birmingham''' * Onye nke abụọ na Iko bọọlụ: 2000-01<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/worthington_cup/1187654.stm|title=Blues shot down as Liverpool lift cup|work=BBC Sport|date=25 February 2001|accessdate=28 March 2024}}</ref> == Edensibia == == Njikọ mpụga == [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 7a9mel8dx9st6icahruu3677w66c771 0 75294 632240 2026-05-07T19:45:07Z Johnnybam 24488 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1328513172|Michael Adedokun]]" 632240 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Reflist}}'''Michael Adedokun''' (amụrụ na 27 Mee 2001) bụ onye Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba dịka onye na-agba ọsọ n'etiti USL Championship club Lexington SC. == Oge ọ malitere == A mụrụ Adedokun na Eruwa, Naijiria . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://scorenigeria.com.ng/michael-adedokun-joins-sunusi-at-mls-club-cf-montreal/|title=Michael Adedokun joins Sunusi at MLS club CF Montreal|first=Olusola|author=Alao|date=December 27, 2024|work=Score Nigeria}}</ref> N'afọ 2010, onye nkuzi si n'otu n'ime ụlọ akwụkwọ bọọlụ kachasị elu na Naịjirịa hụrụ ya ma kpọọ ya ka ọ sonye na mmemme ha.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thelantern.com/2024/04/gray-matter-michael-adedokun-from-the-fruit-stand-to-the-soccer-pitch/|title=Gray Matter: Michael Adedokun, from the fruit stand to the soccer pitch|first=Ellen|author=Geyer|date=April 23, 2024|work=[[The Lantern]]}}</ref> N'afọ 2021, Adedokun malitere ịga Mahadum Dayton na United States, ebe ọ gbara bọọlụ maka Otu egwuregwu bọọlụ ụmụ nwoke. <ref name="flyer">{{Cite web|url=https://daytonflyers.com/sports/mens-soccer/roster/michael-adedokun/12433|title=Michael Adedokun Dayton Flyers profile|work=[[Dayton Flyers]]}}</ref> A kpọrọ ya nwa akwụkwọ ha na-eme egwuregwu nke izu ugboro abụọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://daytonflyers.com/news/2021/11/3/general-adedokun-huber-honored-as-collegeadvantage-student-athletes-of-the-week.aspx|title=Adedokun & Huber Honored As CollegeAdvantage Student-Athletes Of The Week|date=November 3, 2021|work=[[Dayton Flyers]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://daytonflyers.com/news/2022/11/9/general-adedokun-almodovar-honored-as-collegeadvantage-student-athletes-of-the-week.aspx|title=Adedokun, Almodovar Honored As CollegeAdvantage Student-Athletes Of The Week|date=November 9, 2022|work=[[Dayton Flyers]]}}</ref> N'afọ 2021, a kpọrọ aha ya na Atlantic 10 Conference Commissioner's Honor Roll na 2022 a kpọrọ aha na Atlantic 10 Congress All-Tournament Team.<ref name="flyer" /> Na 2023, ọ gafere na Mahadum Ohio State ka ọ kpọọ maka otu egwuregwu basketball kọleji.[1] Ọ mere mpụta mbụ ya na Ọgọst 24, 2023, megide Cal State Northridge Matadors.[2] O mere mpụta izizi ya maka steeti Ohio na Septemba 19, 2023, na mmeri meriri Kentucky Wildcats.[3] Na njedebe nke oge ahụ, a kpọrọ ya aha ya na otu All-Big Ten Second Team. N'October 2024, a kpọrọ ya onye ọkpụkpọ egwu egwu nke Iri nke Izu. Na ngwụcha nke oge 2024, akpọrọ ya onye egwuregwu bọọlụ iri buru ibu nke afọ wee kpọọ ya All-Big Ten First Team, All-North Region First Team, and First Team All-American. Ọ meriri MAC Hermann Trophy dị ka onye ọkpụkpọ kacha ama ama na kọleji na 2024. == Ọrụ klọb == N'afọ 2021, Adedokun so Dayton Dutch Lions gbaa bọọlụ na USL League Two . <ref name="21usl2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.uslleaguetwo.com/stats/team_instance/6079376?subseason=731558&tab=team_instance_player_stats&tool=4419204|title=Dayton Dutch Lions 2021 Stats|work=[[USL League Two]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.uslleaguetwo.com/stats/team_instance/6079376?subseason=731558&tab=team_instance_player_stats&tool=4419204 "Dayton Dutch Lions 2021 Stats"]. ''[[USL League Two]]''.</cite></ref> N'afọ 2022, Adedokun gbara bọọlụ na Fort Wayne FC na USL League Two . <ref name="22usl2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.uslleaguetwo.com/roster_players/54457029|title=Michael Adedokun 2022 USL2 Stats|work=[[USL League Two]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.uslleaguetwo.com/roster_players/54457029 "Michael Adedokun 2022 USL2 Stats"]. ''[[USL League Two]]''.</cite></ref> N'afọ 2023, ọ gbara bọọlụ maka Flint City Bucks . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.flintcitybucks.com/news_article/show/1275811|title=Flint City Bucks, Flint City AFC stay undefeated|date=June 6, 2023|work=[[Flint City Bucks]]}}</ref> Na 2025 MLS SuperDraft, CF Montreal họọrọ Adedokun na agba nke mbụ (13th n'ozuzu). <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rds.ca/soccer/mls/mls-manu-duah-le-1er-choix-du-super-repechage-michael-adedokun-a-montreal-1.19436411|title=MLS : Manu Duah le 1er choix du super repêchage, Michael Adedokun à Montréal|date=December 20, 2024|work=[[Réseau des sports|RDS]]|language=fr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://en.cfmontreal.com/news/cf-montreal-selects-michael-adedokun-arik-duncan-caden-grabfelder-and-arthur-duquenne-in-the-2025-mls-superdraft|title=CF Montréal selects Michael Adedokun, Arik Duncan, Caden Grabfelder and Arthur Duquenne in the 2025 MLS SuperDraft|date=December 20, 2024|work=[[CF Montréal]]}}</ref> Na Jenụwarị 2025, ọ bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta otu afọ na klọb ahụ na nhọrọ maka 2026 ruo 2028.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://en.cfmontreal.com/news/cf-montreal-signs-michael-adedokun|title=CF Montréal signs Michael Adedokun|date=January 4, 2025|work=[[CF Montréal]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://canadiansoccerdaily.com/2025/01/04/cf-montreal-sign-first-round-draft-pick-mac-hermann-trophy-winner-michael-adedokun-to-first-team-deal/|title=CF Montréal sign first-round draft pick, MAC Hermann Trophy winner Michael Adedokun to first-team deal|date=January 4, 2025|work=Canadian Soccer Daily}}</ref> Na Machị 2025, a gbazinyere ya Lexington SC na USL Championship. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.lexsporting.com/news/lexington-sporting-club-acquires-michael-adedokun-on-loan-from-cf-montreal/|title=Lexington Sporting Club Acquires Michael Adedokun on Loan from CF Montréal|date=March 20, 2025|work=[[Lexington SC]]|first=David|author=Lilian}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na abụọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2025, Lexington mere ka nkwekọrịta ahụ bụrụ nke na-adịgide adịgide wee sonye na klọb ahụ n'efu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cfmontreal.com/nouvelles/le-milieu-de-terrain-michael-adedokun-transfere-au-lexington-sc|title=Le milieu de terrain Michael Adedokun transféré au Lexington SC|first=C. F.|author=Montréal|work=CF Montréal}}</ref> == Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ == {{Reflist}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" ! rowspan="2" |Klọb ! rowspan="2" |Oge ! colspan="3" |Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Egwuregwu ! colspan="2" |Iko Mba ! colspan="2" |Ndị ọzọ ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta |- !Nkewa !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ |- |Dayton Dutch Lions |2021<ref name="21usl2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.uslleaguetwo.com/stats/team_instance/6079376?subseason=731558&tab=team_instance_player_stats&tool=4419204|title=Dayton Dutch Lions 2021 Stats|work=[[USL League Two]]}}</ref> |Njikọ nke Abụọ nke USL |7 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |7 |0 |- |Fort Wayne FC |2022<ref name="22usl2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.uslleaguetwo.com/roster_players/54457029|title=Michael Adedokun 2022 USL2 Stats|work=[[USL League Two]]}}</ref> |Njikọ nke Abụọ nke USL |9 |3 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |9 |3 |- |Ụlọ Ahịa Flint City |2023<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.uslleaguetwo.com/league-schedule|title=League Schedule|work=[[USL League Two]]}}</ref> |Njikọ nke Abụọ nke USL |11 |3 |4 |1 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |15 |4 |- ! colspan="3" |Ọrụ ya niile !27 !6 !4 !1 !0 !0 !0 !0 !31 !7 |} == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Michael Adedokun at kicker (in German) [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 966wtawvq3dev3et5atxi7831ivkqed 0 75295 632241 2026-05-07T19:58:40Z Johnnybam 24488 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1346768149|Lukman Adefemi]]" 632241 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Reflist}}'''Lukman Adefemi Abegunrin''' Listeniis bụ onye Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba ọsọ maka Dempo SC na I-League. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Abegunrin Lukman Adefemi Biography|url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/player/bio/_/id/311539/abegunrin-lukman-adefemi|accessdate=2024-12-30|work=ESPN|language=en}}</ref> == Ọrụ == === Naịjirịa === Amụrụ na Lagos, Nigeria. Lukman pụtara site n'ọkwa ndị ntorobịa nke obodo a na-akpọ Wusu. N'afọ 2012, ndị otu Nigeria Premier League Crown FC bịanyere aka na Lukman maka otu oge wee mee egwuregwu mpụta mbụ mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na asatọ. A họpụtara ya onye ọkpụkpọ ntorobịa kacha mma maka Crown FC. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">FK Javor Ivanjica nyochara talent Lukman wee nye ya nkwekọrịta afọ 1. Na 2013-14 Javor Ivanjica gbadara na asọmpi mbụ Serbia. N'afọ 2014, Lukman lọghachiri Africa. [''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> === Mozambique === Na 2015, Lukman sonyeere Moçambola giants CD Maxaquene. Lukman mechachara oge ahụ n'ọkwa dị elu wee bụrụ onye kacha enye goolu Maxaquene. Na 2016, Lukman nyeere Maxaquene aka ime nke abụọ na Taça de Moçambique. N'afọ 2017, Lukman sonyeere FC Chibuto wee nwee oge na-aga nke ọma n'ebe ahụ. O nwetara onyinye sitere na klọb ndị Europe, otu n'ime ha bụ Varzim. === Portugal === After his impressive season in Mozambique, Portugal club Varzim signed him on loan where Lukman played for half season and came back to Mozambique and joined Ferroviário. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> === Oman === N'afọ 2019, Lukman sonyeere otu egwuregwu Oman Professional League Al-Rustaq maka ọkara oge nke afọ 2018-19. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.goalzz.com/?player=147650|title=goalzz.com: Live sports scores, news and more|work=Goalzz.com}}</ref> Na Jenụwarị 2020, Lukman sonyeere klọb ọzọ dị na Oman bụ Al Diriyah maka oge fọdụrụ na 2019-20. === India === Na Disemba 2019, Lukman sonyeere Real Kashmir FC nke I-League.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.the-aiff.com/players/profile/170270?type=club|title=7 : LUKMAN ADEFEMI ABEGUNRIN|work=The-aiff.com|accessdate=16 July 2022}}</ref> N'otu ọnwa ahụ, Real Kashmir meriri IFA Shield.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.kolkatafootball.com/123_ifa_shield_2020-21/shield_result.html|title=123rd IFA Shield 2020–21|work=Kolkatafootball.com|accessdate=5 November 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210127002620/https://www.kolkatafootball.com/123_ifa_shield_2020-21/shield_result.html|archivedate=27 January 2021}}</ref> A mara ya ikpe dịka onye nke asọmpi ahụ na onye kacha gbaa bọọlụ na IFA Shield 2019-20.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/real-kashmir-wins-ifa-shield-indian-football-george-telegraph-indian-football/article33373363.ece|title=Real Kashmir wins IFA Shield|work=Sportstar.thehindu.com|date=19 December 2020}}</ref> Na 10 Jenụwarị 2021, Lukman mere nke mbụ ya maka Real Kashmir na I-League megide ụlọ ọrụ TRAU FC nke dị na Manipur, nke gwụrụ dị ka 1-1 draw.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://i-league.org/match-details/?mid=7965|title=Match Details &#124; Hero I-League|work=I-league.org}}</ref> === Saụt Afrịka === N'abalị mbụ n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2021, Lukman bịanyere aka na ọkwa nke abụọ nke klọb bọọlụ South Africa, Free State Stars . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/teams/south-africa/free-state-stars/4613/|title=South Africa - Free State Stars FC - Results, fixtures, squad, statistics, photos, videos and news|work=Int.soccerway.com}}</ref> == Nsọpụrụ == '''Ezigbo Kashmir''' * IFA Shield: 2020<ref>{{Cite news|date=19 December 2020|title=IFA Shield: Real Kashmir win first major tournament, beat George Telegraph 2-1|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/football/ifa-shield-real-kashmir-win-first-major-tournament-beat-george-telegraph-2-1-7111415/|accessdate=2020-12-19|work=[[The Indian Express]]|language=en}}</ref> '''CD Maxaquene''' * Iko nke Mozambique: 2016 '''Onye ọ bụla''' * IFA Shield Onye kacha gbaa bọọlụ / MVP: 2020<ref>{{Cite web|title=123RD IFA SHIELD RESULTS 2020–21: Awards after the FINAL (VYBK)|url=https://www.kolkatafootball.com/123_ifa_shield_2020-21/shield_result.html|date=19 December 2020|accessdate=2020-12-20|work=kolkatafootball.com|publisher=Kolkata Football|language=en|archivedate=21 November 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221121071852/https://www.kolkatafootball.com/123_ifa_shield_2020-21/shield_result.html}}</ref> == Edensibia == [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] pbx26e13nkfpv37lwkjimfwlccuzlc1 632273 632241 2026-05-08T07:32:52Z Ceentia 24734 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1346768149|Lukman Adefemi]]" 632273 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lukman Adefemi Abegunrin''' Listeniis bụ onye ọkachamara na-igba bọọlụ na Naijiria, nke na-agba n'ihu maka Dempo SC na I-League. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Abegunrin Lukman Adefemi Biography|url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/player/bio/_/id/311539/abegunrin-lukman-adefemi|accessdate=2024-12-30|work=ESPN|language=en}}</ref> == Ọrụ == === Naịjirịa === Amuru ya na Lagos, Naijiria. Lukman si n'ọgbo ụmụaka nke ụlọ akwụkwọ egwuregwu nke a na-akpọ Wusu pụta. Na afọ 2012, otu ọkwa Nigeria Premier League nke a na-akpọ Crown FC gbazitere Lukman maka otu oge, ma mee mmalite ọrụ ọkachamara ya mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na itoolu. A họpụtara ya dịka onye egwuregwu kachasị mma maka Crown FC. [mkpado achọrọ] === Serbia === FK Javor Ivanjica hụrụ nkà Lukman wee nye ya nkwekọrịta otú afọ. Na 2013-14, Javor Ivanjica dara na nke mbụ egwuregwu Serbia. Na 2014, Lukman lọtara Africa. [akwụkwọ mgbakwunye achọrọ] === Mozambique === N'afọ 2015, Lukman sonyeere ndị Moçambola giants CD Maxaquene. Lukman mechiri oge ahụ na ọkwa dị elu wee bụrụ onye kacha gbaa bọọlụ maka Maxaquene. N'afọ 2016, Lukman so Maxaquene bụrụ onye nke abụọ na Taça de Moçambique . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ligamocambique.org.mz/pt/competicao/jogadores/lukman/|title=Liga Moçambicana de Futebol - Competição - Jogadores - Lukman|work=Ligamocambique.org.mz|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028093103/https://www.ligamocambique.org.mz/pt/competicao/jogadores/lukman/|archivedate=2020-10-28}}</ref> N'afọ 2017, Lukman sonyeere FC Chibuto ma nwee oge ọzọ na-aga nke ọma n'ebe ahụ. Ọ na-enweta onyinye site na klọb ndị Europe na otu n'ime ha bụ Varzim.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.record.pt/futebol/futebol-nacional/2--liga/varzim/detalhe/abegunrin-lukman-e-reforco|title=Abegunrin Lukman é reforço|work=Record.pt}}</ref> === Portugal === Mgbe ọ gara n'ọsọ egwuregwu mara mma na Mozambique, klọb Portugal Varzim bịanyere ya aka na nguzogide ebe Lukman kpọrọ ọkara oge na Mozambique wee bịa azụ na Mozambique ma sonyere Ferroviário. [a chọrọ ntụaka] === Oman === N'afọ 2019, Lukman sonyeere otu egwuregwu Oman Professional League Al-Rustaq maka ọkara oge nke afọ 2018-19. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.goalzz.com/?player=147650|title=goalzz.com: Live sports scores, news and more|work=Goalzz.com}}</ref> Na Jenụwarị 2020, Lukman sonyeere klọb ọzọ dị na Oman bụ Al Diriyah maka oge fọdụrụ na 2019-20. === India === Na ọnwa Disemba 2019, Lukman sonyere na klọb I-League, Real Kashmir FC. N'ọnwa ahụkwa, Real Kashmir meriri IFA Shield dị mkpa. A họpụtara ya dịka nwoke kacha mma n'egwuregwu ahụ na onye kacha nwee ebumnobi n'IFA Shield 2019-20. Ka ọnwa jenụwarị dị na iri, 2021, Lukman mere mmalite ya maka Real Kashmir na I-League megide klọb TRAU FC sitere na Manipur, nke kwụsịrị dị ka 1-1 ọnụ. === Saụt Afrịka === N'abalị mbụ n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2021, Lukman bịanyere aka na ọkwa nke abụọ nke klọb bọọlụ South Africa, Free State Stars . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/teams/south-africa/free-state-stars/4613/|title=South Africa - Free State Stars FC - Results, fixtures, squad, statistics, photos, videos and news|work=Int.soccerway.com}}</ref> == Nsọpụrụ == '''Ezigbo Kashmir''' * IFA Shield: 2020<ref>{{Cite news|date=19 December 2020|title=IFA Shield: Real Kashmir win first major tournament, beat George Telegraph 2-1|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/football/ifa-shield-real-kashmir-win-first-major-tournament-beat-george-telegraph-2-1-7111415/|accessdate=2020-12-19|work=[[The Indian Express]]|language=en}}</ref> '''CD Maxaquene''' * Iko nke Mozambique: 2016 '''Onye ọ bụla''' == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] my3cafc8oeetrs9k5ppnhgz6te93jfb 632280 632273 2026-05-08T11:10:37Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 632280 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lukman Adefemi Abegunrin''' Listeniis bụ onye ọkachamara na-igba bọọlụ na Naijiria, nke na-agba n'ihu maka Dempo SC na I-League. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Abegunrin Lukman Adefemi Biography|url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/player/bio/_/id/311539/abegunrin-lukman-adefemi|accessdate=2024-12-30|work=ESPN|language=en}}</ref> == Ọrụ == === Naịjirịa === Amuru ya na Lagos, Naijiria. Lukman si n'ọgbo ụmụaka nke ụlọ akwụkwọ egwuregwu nke a na-akpọ Wusu pụta. Na afọ 2012, otu ọkwa Nigeria Premier League nke a na-akpọ Crown FC gbazitere Lukman maka otu oge, ma mee mmalite ọrụ ọkachamara ya mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na itoolu. A họpụtara ya dịka onye egwuregwu kachasị mma maka Crown FC. [mkpado achọrọ] === Serbia === FK Javor Ivanjica hụrụ nkà Lukman wee nye ya nkwekọrịta otú afọ. Na 2013-14, Javor Ivanjica dara na nke mbụ egwuregwu Serbia. Na 2014, Lukman lọtara Africa. [akwụkwọ mgbakwunye achọrọ] === Mozambique === N'afọ 2015, Lukman sonyeere ndị Moçambola giants CD Maxaquene. Lukman mechiri oge ahụ na ọkwa dị elu wee bụrụ onye kacha gbaa bọọlụ maka Maxaquene. N'afọ 2016, Lukman so Maxaquene bụrụ onye nke abụọ na Taça de Moçambique . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ligamocambique.org.mz/pt/competicao/jogadores/lukman/|title=Liga Moçambicana de Futebol - Competição - Jogadores - Lukman|work=Ligamocambique.org.mz|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028093103/https://www.ligamocambique.org.mz/pt/competicao/jogadores/lukman/|archivedate=2020-10-28}}</ref> N'afọ 2017, Lukman sonyeere FC Chibuto ma nwee oge ọzọ na-aga nke ọma n'ebe ahụ. Ọ na-enweta onyinye site na klọb ndị Europe na otu n'ime ha bụ Varzim.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.record.pt/futebol/futebol-nacional/2--liga/varzim/detalhe/abegunrin-lukman-e-reforco|title=Abegunrin Lukman é reforço|work=Record.pt|accessdate=2026-05-08|archivedate=2019-06-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190624150213/https://www.record.pt/futebol/futebol-nacional/2--liga/varzim/detalhe/abegunrin-lukman-e-reforco}}</ref> === Portugal === Mgbe ọ gara n'ọsọ egwuregwu mara mma na Mozambique, klọb Portugal Varzim bịanyere ya aka na nguzogide ebe Lukman kpọrọ ọkara oge na Mozambique wee bịa azụ na Mozambique ma sonyere Ferroviário. [a chọrọ ntụaka] === Oman === N'afọ 2019, Lukman sonyeere otu egwuregwu Oman Professional League Al-Rustaq maka ọkara oge nke afọ 2018-19. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.goalzz.com/?player=147650|title=goalzz.com: Live sports scores, news and more|work=Goalzz.com}}</ref> Na Jenụwarị 2020, Lukman sonyeere klọb ọzọ dị na Oman bụ Al Diriyah maka oge fọdụrụ na 2019-20. === India === Na ọnwa Disemba 2019, Lukman sonyere na klọb I-League, Real Kashmir FC. N'ọnwa ahụkwa, Real Kashmir meriri IFA Shield dị mkpa. A họpụtara ya dịka nwoke kacha mma n'egwuregwu ahụ na onye kacha nwee ebumnobi n'IFA Shield 2019-20. Ka ọnwa jenụwarị dị na iri, 2021, Lukman mere mmalite ya maka Real Kashmir na I-League megide klọb TRAU FC sitere na Manipur, nke kwụsịrị dị ka 1-1 ọnụ. === Saụt Afrịka === N'abalị mbụ n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2021, Lukman bịanyere aka na ọkwa nke abụọ nke klọb bọọlụ South Africa, Free State Stars . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/teams/south-africa/free-state-stars/4613/|title=South Africa - Free State Stars FC - Results, fixtures, squad, statistics, photos, videos and news|work=Int.soccerway.com}}</ref> == Nsọpụrụ == '''Ezigbo Kashmir''' * IFA Shield: 2020<ref>{{Cite news|date=19 December 2020|title=IFA Shield: Real Kashmir win first major tournament, beat George Telegraph 2-1|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/football/ifa-shield-real-kashmir-win-first-major-tournament-beat-george-telegraph-2-1-7111415/|accessdate=2020-12-19|work=[[The Indian Express]]|language=en}}</ref> '''CD Maxaquene''' * Iko nke Mozambique: 2016 '''Onye ọ bụla''' == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 6arjuc2sh4kzzphapi7dpwc2r748i1f 0 75296 632242 2026-05-07T19:58:50Z Chinemeremprince 13026 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1351589292|Feminism of the 99%]]" 632242 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Feminism nke 99%''' bụ nke oge a, nke na-agbaso iwu, nke na'etiti ụmụ nwanyị, nke na na-amata [[intersectionality]] ma na-akwado ọrụ ala ụmụ nwanyị niile, gụnyere ndị ndị ndị ọzọ na-eleghara anya.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.viewpointmag.com/2017/02/03/beyond-lean-in-for-a-feminism-of-the-99-and-a-militant-international-strike-on-march-8/|title=Beyond Lean-In: For a Feminism of the 99% and a Militant International Strike on March 8 - Viewpoint Magazine|date=3 February 2017|work=Viewpoint Magazine|accessdate=24 October 2018|language=en-US}}</ref> Ọ bụ otu ndị America a ma ama na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị tụpụtara ya n'ọkpụkpọ arịrịọ e bipụtara na Viewpoint Magazine na Febụwarị 2017, ma wuo ya n'elu ịhazi ụmụ nwanyị a hụrụ na 2017 Women's March na Jenụwarị. Arịrịọ ahụ kpọrọ oku maka ọgbaghara ụmụ nwanyị mba ụwa na 8 Machị 2017. Ọ bụ onye nọchiri anya ihe nketa ọgụgụ isi nke òtù ụmụ nwanyị dị ka femism, femism Marxist, femism Black na transnational / decolonial femism, ma na-ekwusi ike na Mmegbu nwoke na nwanyị abụghị otu ihe kpatara ya, sexism. Ha na-ekwusi ike na ọ bụ ihe dị iche iche nke njikọ nke [[Ịkpa oke nwoke na nwanyị|ịkpa ókè nwoke na nwanyị]], Ịkpa ókè agbụrụ, Ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya na akụrụngwa. == Ihe ndị mere n'oge gara aga == E bipụtara arịrịọ maka ikike ụmụ nwanyị nke pasentị 99 na magazin Viewpoint na 3 Febụwarị 2017. E mere ya dịka nzaghachi maka mkpokọta ụmụ nwanyị a hụrụ na ngagharị nke ụmụ nwanyị nke afọ 2017 - ngagharị iwe zuru ụwa ọnụ na 21 Jenụwarị 2017 - na-eme ngagharị iwe maka nhọpụta Donald Trump dị ka Onyeisiala nke United States ma na-akwado ikike ụmụ nwanyị, ikike mmadụ na mgbanwe amụma. Ndị edemede ahụ na-akpọ mmegharị Argentina Ni Una Menos dị ka ihe mkpali ha, ebe ọ bụkwa mmegharị nke anọ nke ndị mmadụ na-eme nke na-achọ idozi okwu ndị metụtara mmekọrịta. N'ịchọ iwuli elu na ọsọ nke ngagharị ụmụ nwanyị, ndị edemede ahụ na-akpọsa uche na ihe ha hụrụ dị ka ọdịda nke mmegharị ụmụ nwanyị nke oge a dị ka ikike ụmụ nwanyị na-adịghị ike, nke ha na-arụ ụka na ha emeghị "ọtụtụ" ụmụ nwanyị "ndị na-enweghị ohere ịnweta nkwalite onwe onye na ọganihu nke onwe ha na ndị ọnọdụ ndụ ha nwere ike imeziwanye naanị site na amụma ndị na-agbachitere ịmụpụta mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, na-echekwa ikpe ziri ezi ọmụmụ, ma na-ekwe nkwa ikike ọrụ". Ha na-arụkwa ụka na ọnọdụ ndụ ụmụ nwanyị akala njọ n'ime afọ 30 gara aga n'ihi usoro ụwa nke ụlọ ọrụ na usoro ndị isi obodo, ọkachasị ndị agba ojii, ndị ọrụ, ndị si mba ọzọ kwabata ma ọ bụ ndị na-enweghị ọrụ. == Nkatọ na ihe achọrọ == Feminism nke 99% na-akatọ òtù ndị ọzọ na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị n'oge a, dị ka lean-in femism na corporate femism, maka ijere naanị 1% kachasị elu nke ụmụ nwanyị ozi. Ọ na-ejide ezi uche na ụmụ nwanyị nwere ike ịga nke ọma n'ọrụ ha ma ọ bụrụhaala na ha na-arụ ọrụ iji jeere ndị nna ochie ozi, nakwa na nke a dabere na ụmụ nwanyị ndị a nwere ohere ịnweta ihe onwunwe na ohere nke ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị na-enweghị ike ịnweta. Ndị dere arịrịọ ahụ ghọtara mkpa ọ dị maka òtù ụmụ nwanyị nke na-egbo mkpa nke ọtụtụ, ma na-adọta uche na ụmụ nwanyị ndị ụmụ nwanyị na-eleghara anya. Otú ọ dị, ha na-akpọ ndị otu ahụ ka ha lelee ihe karịrị naanị gbasara okike, na-akatọ ọtụtụ okwu na mmegharị gụnyere: ime ihe ike agbụrụ, ọdịda nke neoliberalism, mwakpo megide ikike ọrụ na ileghara ọrụ anya; ikpe na-ezighị ezi nke ọmụmụ; homophobia; Transphobia; na xenophobia. Ebumnuche nke mmegharị ahụ bụ inye aka n'ihe ndị mepụtara ya na-ahụ dị ka "mmegharị ọhụrụ nke ụmụ nwanyị mba ụwa nke nwere atụmatụ gbasaa - ozugbo na-mmegide ịkpa ókè agbụrụ, na-emegidesi ike, na-egbochi nwoke na nwanyị, na-emeghị ihe ọ bụla".<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.viewpointmag.com/2017/02/03/beyond-lean-in-for-a-feminism-of-the-99-and-a-militant-international-strike-on-march-8/|title=Beyond Lean-In: For a Feminism of the 99% and a Militant International Strike on March 8 - Viewpoint Magazine|date=3 February 2017|work=Viewpoint Magazine|accessdate=24 October 2018|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.viewpointmag.com/2017/02/03/beyond-lean-in-for-a-feminism-of-the-99-and-a-militant-international-strike-on-march-8/ "Beyond Lean-In: For a Feminism of the 99% and a Militant International Strike on March 8 - Viewpoint Magazine"]. ''Viewpoint Magazine''. 3 February 2017. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180825212601/https://www.viewpointmag.com/2017/02/03/beyond-lean-in-for-a-feminism-of-the-99-and-a-militant-international-strike-on-march-8/ Archived] from the original on 25 August 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite></ref> == Ndị dere akwụkwọ ahụ == * [[Angela Davis]] * Barbara Ransby * [[Cinzia Arruzza]] * [[Keeanga-Yamahtta Taylor]] * Linda Martín Alcoff * Nancy Fraser * Rasmea Yousef Odeh * Tithi Bhattacharya == Mgbanwe ndị metụtara ya == Feminism nke 99% nwere ntọala echiche kwekọrọ na ndị otu ụmụ nwanyị dị iche iche ma dị iche iche. A na-aghọta nke ọma dị ka ịjụ ọdịda a na-ahụ anya nke ụmụ nwanyị na-enwere onwe ha, ụmụ nwanyị nke 99% na-achọ ijikọta ọnọdụ nke mmegide ịkpa ókè agbụrụ, mmegide nwoke na nwanyị, na mmegide nnwere onwe ọhụrụ.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.viewpointmag.com/2017/02/03/beyond-lean-in-for-a-feminism-of-the-99-and-a-militant-international-strike-on-march-8/|title=Beyond Lean-In: For a Feminism of the 99% and a Militant International Strike on March 8 - Viewpoint Magazine|date=3 February 2017|work=Viewpoint Magazine|accessdate=24 October 2018|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.viewpointmag.com/2017/02/03/beyond-lean-in-for-a-feminism-of-the-99-and-a-militant-international-strike-on-march-8/ "Beyond Lean-In: For a Feminism of the 99% and a Militant International Strike on March 8 - Viewpoint Magazine"]. ''Viewpoint Magazine''. 3 February 2017. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180825212601/https://www.viewpointmag.com/2017/02/03/beyond-lean-in-for-a-feminism-of-the-99-and-a-militant-international-strike-on-march-8/ Archived] from the original on 25 August 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite></ref> N'ime nke a, a na-ejikọta ụmụ nwanyị nke 99% na òtù ụmụ nwanyị dị n'ụwa niile. === Echiche ụmụ nwanyị na-agwakọta === Echiche ụmụ nwanyị na-ekwu na a pụghị ịhụ ahụmahụ nke mmegbu site na otu oghere nke njirimara: na ọ bụ njikọta nke ngosipụta njirimara, na ụdị ahụmịhe enyere ọnụ nke na-enye foto ziri ezi nke usoro ndị isi nke mmadụ na-arụ ọrụ.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|author=Cooper|first=Brittney|editor=Disch|date=1 February 2016|chapter=Intersectionality|url=http://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199328581.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780199328581-e-20|language=en|doi=10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199328581.001.0001|title=The Oxford Handbook of Feminist Theory|accessdate=24 October 2018|isbn=9780199328581}}</ref> Intersectionality na-ewere na ụdị dị iche iche nke mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, dị ka klas, agbụrụ, mmasị mmekọahụ, afọ, nkwarụ na okike, adịghị adị iche iche site na ibe ha mana ha jikọtara ọnụ.<ref name=":1" /> Feminism maka 99% na-anabata usoro a na ọkwa dị mkpa, ma na-ekwu na mgbanwe bara uru ga-esite na ndị na-ahụ ya n'onwe ha.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.viewpointmag.com/2017/02/03/beyond-lean-in-for-a-feminism-of-the-99-and-a-militant-international-strike-on-march-8/|title=Beyond Lean-In: For a Feminism of the 99% and a Militant International Strike on March 8 - Viewpoint Magazine|date=3 February 2017|work=Viewpoint Magazine|accessdate=24 October 2018|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.viewpointmag.com/2017/02/03/beyond-lean-in-for-a-feminism-of-the-99-and-a-militant-international-strike-on-march-8/ "Beyond Lean-In: For a Feminism of the 99% and a Militant International Strike on March 8 - Viewpoint Magazine"]. ''Viewpoint Magazine''. 3 February 2017. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180825212601/https://www.viewpointmag.com/2017/02/03/beyond-lean-in-for-a-feminism-of-the-99-and-a-militant-international-strike-on-march-8/ Archived] from the original on 25 August 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite></ref> === Ụmụ nwanyị ojii === Black femism bụ ụlọ akwụkwọ nke echiche na-ekwu na [[Ịkpa oke nwoke na nwanyị|ịkpa ókè nwoke na nwanyị]], mmegbu nke klas, njirimara nwoke na nwanyị na ịkpa oke agbụrụ na-ejikọta ọnụ. <ref name=":2">{{Cite book|title=Women, race, & class|author=Davis|first=Angela Y.|isbn=978-0394510392|edition=First|location=New York|publisher=Random House|oclc=7459645|year=1981}}</ref> <ref name=":4">{{Cite book|title=Feminism is for everybody: passionate politics|author=Hooks, Bell|isbn=9781138821590|edition=Second|publisher=Routledge|location=New York|oclc=887450667|year=2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.feministezine.com/feminist/modern/Defining-Black-Feminist-Thought.html|title=Defining Black Feminist Thought - The Feminist eZine|work=www.feministezine.com|accessdate=24 October 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180929062940/http://www.feministezine.com/feminist/modern/Defining-Black-Feminist-Thought.html|archivedate=29 September 2018}}</ref> N'ụzọ nkịtị, nke a na-ejikọta ya na ụmụ nwanyị maka pasent 99 n'ihi ojiji ha na-eji intersectionality eme ihe n'otu oge. Otu ihe dị iche n'etiti òtù abụọ ahụ bụ na ụmụ nwanyị maka 99% nwere usoro akọwapụtara maka mgbanwe, na-ewere mmụọ nsọ site na Ni Una Menos.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.viewpointmag.com/2017/02/03/beyond-lean-in-for-a-feminism-of-the-99-and-a-militant-international-strike-on-march-8/|title=Beyond Lean-In: For a Feminism of the 99% and a Militant International Strike on March 8 - Viewpoint Magazine|date=3 February 2017|work=Viewpoint Magazine|accessdate=24 October 2018|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.viewpointmag.com/2017/02/03/beyond-lean-in-for-a-feminism-of-the-99-and-a-militant-international-strike-on-march-8/ "Beyond Lean-In: For a Feminism of the 99% and a Militant International Strike on March 8 - Viewpoint Magazine"]. ''Viewpoint Magazine''. 3 February 2017. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180825212601/https://www.viewpointmag.com/2017/02/03/beyond-lean-in-for-a-feminism-of-the-99-and-a-militant-international-strike-on-march-8/ Archived] from the original on 25 August 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite></ref> === Ọchịchị ụmụ nwanyị === Socialist femism bụ femism nke na-elekwasị anya na njikọ nke nna ochie na akụrụngwa.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Kennedy|first=Elizabeth Lapovsky|date=2008|title=Socialist Feminism: What Difference Did It Make to the History of Women's Studies?|journal=Feminist Studies|volume=34|issue=3|pages=497–525}}</ref> Feminism nke 99% na-ejikọkarị na socialist feminism n'ihi nyocha ha yiri nke akụrụngwa, na ọrụ nke ọrụ ụlọ na echiche ọmụmụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya. <ref name=":2">{{Cite book|title=Women, race, & class|author=Davis|first=Angela Y.|isbn=978-0394510392|edition=First|location=New York|publisher=Random House|oclc=7459645|year=1981}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFDavis1981">Davis, Angela Y. (1981). ''Women, race, & class'' (First&nbsp;ed.). New York: Random House. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0394510392|<bdi>978-0394510392</bdi>]]. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/7459645 7459645].</cite></ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite news|url=https://marxismocritico.com/2017/10/17/what-is-social-reproduction-theory/|title="What is social reproduction theory?": Tithi Bhattacharya|date=17 October 2017|accessdate=24 October 2018|language=es-ES}}</ref> Angela Davis, dịka otu n'ime isi ihe kpatara echiche ụmụ nwanyị maka echiche echiche nke pasentị 99, na-eleda echiche ụmụ nwanyị liberal anya n'ihi enweghị ike idozi nchegbu ụmụ nwanyị a na-eche na ha aghọọla ndị a na-emegbu site n'ọkwa klaasị ha: "Ọ bụrụ na e mepụta ụkpụrụ maka echiche ụmụ nwanyị maka ndị rịgoro n'ọkwa akụ na ụba nke echiche ụmụ nwanyị, kedu ka nke a si emetụta ụmụ nwanyị nọ n'ala ala?". N'ikwu ya n'ụzọ ọzọ, Davis na-akatọ ndị na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị maka ime ihe maka ọdịmma ụmụ nwanyị ndị ihe ùgwù ha na-eme ka ha ghara ịba ụba na agbụrụ na ọkwa. Tithi Bhattacharya, onye ọzọ bịanyere aka na echiche ụmụ nwanyị maka manifesto 99%, agbasaala na ozizi ịmụpụta mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya n'ime ọnọdụ okike, na-enye nyocha marxist nke nkewa dị iche iche nke ọrụ nwoke na nwanyị dị ka akụkụ dị mkpa nke usoro mmepụta ego nke ndị isi obodo.<ref name=":3">{{Cite news|url=https://marxismocritico.com/2017/10/17/what-is-social-reproduction-theory/|title="What is social reproduction theory?": Tithi Bhattacharya|date=17 October 2017|accessdate=24 October 2018|language=es-ES}}<cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="">[https://marxismocritico.com/2017/10/17/what-is-social-reproduction-theory/ ""What is social reproduction theory?": Tithi Bhattacharya"] (in European Spanish). 17 October 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 European Spanish-language sources (es-es)]]</ref> N'ụzọ doro anya, Bhattacharya na-atụ aro na omume a na-akwụghị ụgwọ nke ịmụ nwa, ịzụlite nwa, na ọrụ ụlọ bụ n'onwe ha omume nke ọrụ na-arụpụta ihe, nke a na-eme n'ime ọnọdụ na-erigbu nke kwekọrọ na Echiche ọrụ Marxist.<ref name=":3" /> Isi ihe, bụ na omume ndị a bụ ọrụ ụmụ nwanyị n'ụzọ dị iche iche.<ref name=":3" /> N'ụzọ dị iche na nnwere onwe ụmụ nwanyị, ụmụ nwanyị maka 99% na-ekwu na mgbanwe dị irè na nke bara uru sitere n'echiche na-abụghị nke mgbanwe: ya bụ, mgbanwe mgbanwe ahụ chọrọ ọhụụ utopian.<ref name=":4">{{Cite book|title=Feminism is for everybody: passionate politics|author=Hooks, Bell|isbn=9781138821590|edition=Second|publisher=Routledge|location=New York|oclc=887450667|year=2015}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFHooks,_Bell2015">Hooks, Bell (2015). ''Feminism is for everybody: passionate politics'' (Second&nbsp;ed.). New York: Routledge. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/9781138821590|<bdi>9781138821590</bdi>]]. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/887450667 887450667].</cite></ref> Feminism maka 99% na-ekwu na mgbanwe na-arịwanye elu nke usoro ndị isi na-ezighị ezi na mmegbu ga-eme ka ọha mmadụ nwee ezi omume. Iji mezuo nke a, a chọrọ mgbanwe site n'ala ruo n'elu.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.viewpointmag.com/2017/02/03/beyond-lean-in-for-a-feminism-of-the-99-and-a-militant-international-strike-on-march-8/|title=Beyond Lean-In: For a Feminism of the 99% and a Militant International Strike on March 8 - Viewpoint Magazine|date=3 February 2017|work=Viewpoint Magazine|accessdate=24 October 2018|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.viewpointmag.com/2017/02/03/beyond-lean-in-for-a-feminism-of-the-99-and-a-militant-international-strike-on-march-8/ "Beyond Lean-In: For a Feminism of the 99% and a Militant International Strike on March 8 - Viewpoint Magazine"]. ''Viewpoint Magazine''. 3 February 2017. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180825212601/https://www.viewpointmag.com/2017/02/03/beyond-lean-in-for-a-feminism-of-the-99-and-a-militant-international-strike-on-march-8/ Archived] from the original on 25 August 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite></ref> === Ọ dịghị Otu Ọ bụghị Ihe Ọ bụla === The Feminism of the 99% manifesto kpọmkwem kwuru na Ni Una Menos bụ isi iyi nke mkpali maka mmegharị ahụ.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.viewpointmag.com/2017/02/03/beyond-lean-in-for-a-feminism-of-the-99-and-a-militant-international-strike-on-march-8/|title=Beyond Lean-In: For a Feminism of the 99% and a Militant International Strike on March 8 - Viewpoint Magazine|date=3 February 2017|work=Viewpoint Magazine|accessdate=24 October 2018|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.viewpointmag.com/2017/02/03/beyond-lean-in-for-a-feminism-of-the-99-and-a-militant-international-strike-on-march-8/ "Beyond Lean-In: For a Feminism of the 99% and a Militant International Strike on March 8 - Viewpoint Magazine"]. ''Viewpoint Magazine''. 3 February 2017. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180825212601/https://www.viewpointmag.com/2017/02/03/beyond-lean-in-for-a-feminism-of-the-99-and-a-militant-international-strike-on-march-8/ Archived] from the original on 25 August 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite></ref> N'ụzọ pụrụ iche, iji ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị niile eme ihe dịka isi ihe na-akwalite ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Na 8 Maachị 2017 (Ụbọchị Ụmụnwaanyị Mba Nile), ndị na-akwado ndị inyom nọ n'ọkwa dị elu haziri ngagharị iwe ụmụnwaanyị mba ụwa (nke a maara na US dịka Ụbọchị Na-enweghị Ụmụnwaanyị).<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thecut.com/2017/02/womens-strike-march-8.html|title=On March 8, Women Will Go on Strike|author=Evans|first=Dayna|work=The Cut|accessdate=24 October 2018|language=en}}</ref> 2017 Women's Day March bụ ngagharị iwe kachasị ukwuu n'akụkọ ihe mere eme nke US.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/womens-march-anti-donald-trump-womens-rights-largest-protest-demonstration-us-history-political-a7541081.html|title=2 charts which show just how huge the Women's Marches against Trump were|work=The Independent|accessdate=24 October 2018|language=en-GB}}</ref> == Edemsibia == {{Reflist}} [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] gr0vridy1msppnyfydzynkw08zkllqm 632243 632242 2026-05-07T20:02:51Z Chinemeremprince 13026 632243 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Feminism nke 99%''' bụ nke oge a, nke na-agbaso iwu, nke na'etiti ụmụ nwanyị, nke na na-amata [[intersectionality]] ma na-akwado ọrụ ala ụmụ nwanyị niile, gụnyere ndị ndị ndị ọzọ na-eleghara anya.<ref name=":0" /> Ọ bụ otu ndị America a ma ama na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị tụpụtara ya n'ọkpụkpọ arịrịọ e bipụtara na Viewpoint Magazine na Febụwarị 2017, ma wuo ya n'elu ịhazi ụmụ nwanyị a hụrụ na 2017 Women's March na Jenụwarị. Arịrịọ ahụ kpọrọ oku maka ọgbaghara ụmụ nwanyị mba ụwa na 8 Machị 2017. Ọ bụ onye nọchiri anya ihe nketa ọgụgụ isi nke òtù ụmụ nwanyị dị ka femism, femism Marxist, femism Black na transnational / decolonial femism, ma na-ekwusi ike na Mmegbu nwoke na nwanyị abụghị otu ihe kpatara ya, sexism. Ha na-ekwusi ike na ọ bụ ihe dị iche iche nke njikọ nke [[Ịkpa oke nwoke na nwanyị|ịkpa ókè nwoke na nwanyị]], Ịkpa ókè agbụrụ, Ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya na akụrụngwa. == Ihe ndị mere n'oge gara aga == E bipụtara arịrịọ maka ikike ụmụ nwanyị nke pasentị 99 na magazin Viewpoint na 3 Febụwarị 2017. E mere ya dịka nzaghachi maka mkpokọta ụmụ nwanyị a hụrụ na ngagharị nke ụmụ nwanyị nke afọ 2017 - ngagharị iwe zuru ụwa ọnụ na 21 Jenụwarị 2017 - na-eme ngagharị iwe maka nhọpụta Donald Trump dị ka Onyeisiala nke United States ma na-akwado ikike ụmụ nwanyị, ikike mmadụ na mgbanwe amụma. Ndị edemede ahụ na-akpọ mmegharị Argentina Ni Una Menos dị ka ihe mkpali ha, ebe ọ bụkwa mmegharị nke anọ nke ndị mmadụ na-eme nke na-achọ idozi okwu ndị metụtara mmekọrịta. N'ịchọ iwuli elu na ọsọ nke ngagharị ụmụ nwanyị, ndị edemede ahụ na-akpọsa uche na ihe ha hụrụ dị ka ọdịda nke mmegharị ụmụ nwanyị nke oge a dị ka ikike ụmụ nwanyị na-adịghị ike, nke ha na-arụ ụka na ha emeghị "ọtụtụ" ụmụ nwanyị "ndị na-enweghị ohere ịnweta nkwalite onwe onye na ọganihu nke onwe ha na ndị ọnọdụ ndụ ha nwere ike imeziwanye naanị site na amụma ndị na-agbachitere ịmụpụta mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, na-echekwa ikpe ziri ezi ọmụmụ, ma na-ekwe nkwa ikike ọrụ". Ha na-arụkwa ụka na ọnọdụ ndụ ụmụ nwanyị akala njọ n'ime afọ 30 gara aga n'ihi usoro ụwa nke ụlọ ọrụ na usoro ndị isi obodo, ọkachasị ndị agba ojii, ndị ọrụ, ndị si mba ọzọ kwabata ma ọ bụ ndị na-enweghị ọrụ. == Nkatọ na ihe achọrọ == Feminism nke 99% na-akatọ òtù ndị ọzọ na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị n'oge a, dị ka lean-in femism na corporate femism, maka ijere naanị 1% kachasị elu nke ụmụ nwanyị ozi. Ọ na-ejide ezi uche na ụmụ nwanyị nwere ike ịga nke ọma n'ọrụ ha ma ọ bụrụhaala na ha na-arụ ọrụ iji jeere ndị nna ochie ozi, nakwa na nke a dabere na ụmụ nwanyị ndị a nwere ohere ịnweta ihe onwunwe na ohere nke ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị na-enweghị ike ịnweta. Ndị dere arịrịọ ahụ ghọtara mkpa ọ dị maka òtù ụmụ nwanyị nke na-egbo mkpa nke ọtụtụ, ma na-adọta uche na ụmụ nwanyị ndị ụmụ nwanyị na-eleghara anya. Otú ọ dị, ha na-akpọ ndị otu ahụ ka ha lelee ihe karịrị naanị gbasara okike, na-akatọ ọtụtụ okwu na mmegharị gụnyere: ime ihe ike agbụrụ, ọdịda nke neoliberalism, mwakpo megide ikike ọrụ na ileghara ọrụ anya; ikpe na-ezighị ezi nke ọmụmụ; homophobia; Transphobia; na xenophobia. Ebumnuche nke mmegharị ahụ bụ inye aka n'ihe ndị mepụtara ya na-ahụ dị ka "mmegharị ọhụrụ nke ụmụ nwanyị mba ụwa nke nwere atụmatụ gbasaa - ozugbo na-mmegide ịkpa ókè agbụrụ, na-emegidesi ike, na-egbochi nwoke na nwanyị, na-emeghị ihe ọ bụla".<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.viewpointmag.com/2017/02/03/beyond-lean-in-for-a-feminism-of-the-99-and-a-militant-international-strike-on-march-8/|title=Beyond Lean-In: For a Feminism of the 99% and a Militant International Strike on March 8 - Viewpoint Magazine|date=3 February 2017|work=Viewpoint Magazine|accessdate=24 October 2018|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.viewpointmag.com/2017/02/03/beyond-lean-in-for-a-feminism-of-the-99-and-a-militant-international-strike-on-march-8/ "Beyond Lean-In: For a Feminism of the 99% and a Militant International Strike on March 8 - Viewpoint Magazine"]. ''Viewpoint Magazine''. 3 February 2017. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180825212601/https://www.viewpointmag.com/2017/02/03/beyond-lean-in-for-a-feminism-of-the-99-and-a-militant-international-strike-on-march-8/ Archived] from the original on 25 August 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite></ref> == Ndị dere akwụkwọ ahụ == * [[Angela Davis]] * Barbara Ransby * [[Cinzia Arruzza]] * [[Keeanga-Yamahtta Taylor]] * Linda Martín Alcoff * Nancy Fraser * Rasmea Yousef Odeh * Tithi Bhattacharya == Mgbanwe ndị metụtara ya == Feminism nke 99% nwere ntọala echiche kwekọrọ na ndị otu ụmụ nwanyị dị iche iche ma dị iche iche. A na-aghọta nke ọma dị ka ịjụ ọdịda a na-ahụ anya nke ụmụ nwanyị na-enwere onwe ha, ụmụ nwanyị nke 99% na-achọ ijikọta ọnọdụ nke mmegide ịkpa ókè agbụrụ, mmegide nwoke na nwanyị, na mmegide nnwere onwe ọhụrụ.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.viewpointmag.com/2017/02/03/beyond-lean-in-for-a-feminism-of-the-99-and-a-militant-international-strike-on-march-8/|title=Beyond Lean-In: For a Feminism of the 99% and a Militant International Strike on March 8 - Viewpoint Magazine|date=3 February 2017|work=Viewpoint Magazine|accessdate=24 October 2018|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.viewpointmag.com/2017/02/03/beyond-lean-in-for-a-feminism-of-the-99-and-a-militant-international-strike-on-march-8/ "Beyond Lean-In: For a Feminism of the 99% and a Militant International Strike on March 8 - Viewpoint Magazine"]. ''Viewpoint Magazine''. 3 February 2017. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180825212601/https://www.viewpointmag.com/2017/02/03/beyond-lean-in-for-a-feminism-of-the-99-and-a-militant-international-strike-on-march-8/ Archived] from the original on 25 August 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite></ref> N'ime nke a, a na-ejikọta ụmụ nwanyị nke 99% na òtù ụmụ nwanyị dị n'ụwa niile. === Echiche ụmụ nwanyị na-agwakọta === Echiche ụmụ nwanyị na-ekwu na a pụghị ịhụ ahụmahụ nke mmegbu site na otu oghere nke njirimara: na ọ bụ njikọta nke ngosipụta njirimara, na ụdị ahụmịhe enyere ọnụ nke na-enye foto ziri ezi nke usoro ndị isi nke mmadụ na-arụ ọrụ.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|author=Cooper|first=Brittney|editor=Disch|date=1 February 2016|chapter=Intersectionality|url=http://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199328581.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780199328581-e-20|language=en|doi=10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199328581.001.0001|title=The Oxford Handbook of Feminist Theory|accessdate=24 October 2018|isbn=9780199328581}}</ref> Intersectionality na-ewere na ụdị dị iche iche nke mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, dị ka klas, agbụrụ, mmasị mmekọahụ, afọ, nkwarụ na okike, adịghị adị iche iche site na ibe ha mana ha jikọtara ọnụ.<ref name=":1" /> Feminism maka 99% na-anabata usoro a na ọkwa dị mkpa, ma na-ekwu na mgbanwe bara uru ga-esite na ndị na-ahụ ya n'onwe ha.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.viewpointmag.com/2017/02/03/beyond-lean-in-for-a-feminism-of-the-99-and-a-militant-international-strike-on-march-8/|title=Beyond Lean-In: For a Feminism of the 99% and a Militant International Strike on March 8 - Viewpoint Magazine|date=3 February 2017|work=Viewpoint Magazine|accessdate=24 October 2018|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.viewpointmag.com/2017/02/03/beyond-lean-in-for-a-feminism-of-the-99-and-a-militant-international-strike-on-march-8/ "Beyond Lean-In: For a Feminism of the 99% and a Militant International Strike on March 8 - Viewpoint Magazine"]. ''Viewpoint Magazine''. 3 February 2017. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180825212601/https://www.viewpointmag.com/2017/02/03/beyond-lean-in-for-a-feminism-of-the-99-and-a-militant-international-strike-on-march-8/ Archived] from the original on 25 August 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite></ref> === Ụmụ nwanyị ojii === Black femism bụ ụlọ akwụkwọ nke echiche na-ekwu na [[Ịkpa oke nwoke na nwanyị|ịkpa ókè nwoke na nwanyị]], mmegbu nke klas, njirimara nwoke na nwanyị na ịkpa oke agbụrụ na-ejikọta ọnụ. <ref name=":2" /> <ref name=":4">{{Cite book|title=Feminism is for everybody: passionate politics|author=Hooks, Bell|isbn=9781138821590|edition=Second|publisher=Routledge|location=New York|oclc=887450667|year=2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.feministezine.com/feminist/modern/Defining-Black-Feminist-Thought.html|title=Defining Black Feminist Thought - The Feminist eZine|work=www.feministezine.com|accessdate=24 October 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180929062940/http://www.feministezine.com/feminist/modern/Defining-Black-Feminist-Thought.html|archivedate=29 September 2018}}</ref> N'ụzọ nkịtị, nke a na-ejikọta ya na ụmụ nwanyị maka pasent 99 n'ihi ojiji ha na-eji intersectionality eme ihe n'otu oge. Otu ihe dị iche n'etiti òtù abụọ ahụ bụ na ụmụ nwanyị maka 99% nwere usoro akọwapụtara maka mgbanwe, na-ewere mmụọ nsọ site na Ni Una Menos.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.viewpointmag.com/2017/02/03/beyond-lean-in-for-a-feminism-of-the-99-and-a-militant-international-strike-on-march-8/|title=Beyond Lean-In: For a Feminism of the 99% and a Militant International Strike on March 8 - Viewpoint Magazine|date=3 February 2017|work=Viewpoint Magazine|accessdate=24 October 2018|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.viewpointmag.com/2017/02/03/beyond-lean-in-for-a-feminism-of-the-99-and-a-militant-international-strike-on-march-8/ "Beyond Lean-In: For a Feminism of the 99% and a Militant International Strike on March 8 - Viewpoint Magazine"]. ''Viewpoint Magazine''. 3 February 2017. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180825212601/https://www.viewpointmag.com/2017/02/03/beyond-lean-in-for-a-feminism-of-the-99-and-a-militant-international-strike-on-march-8/ Archived] from the original on 25 August 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite></ref> === Ọchịchị ụmụ nwanyị === Socialist femism bụ femism nke na-elekwasị anya na njikọ nke nna ochie na akụrụngwa.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Kennedy|first=Elizabeth Lapovsky|date=2008|title=Socialist Feminism: What Difference Did It Make to the History of Women's Studies?|journal=Feminist Studies|volume=34|issue=3|pages=497–525}}</ref> Feminism nke 99% na-ejikọkarị na socialist feminism n'ihi nyocha ha yiri nke akụrụngwa, na ọrụ nke ọrụ ụlọ na echiche ọmụmụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya. <ref name=":2">{{Cite book|title=Women, race, & class|author=Davis|first=Angela Y.|isbn=978-0394510392|edition=First|location=New York|publisher=Random House|oclc=7459645|year=1981}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFDavis1981">Davis, Angela Y. (1981). ''Women, race, & class'' (First&nbsp;ed.). New York: Random House. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0394510392|<bdi>978-0394510392</bdi>]]. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/7459645 7459645].</cite></ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite news|url=https://marxismocritico.com/2017/10/17/what-is-social-reproduction-theory/|title="What is social reproduction theory?": Tithi Bhattacharya|date=17 October 2017|accessdate=24 October 2018|language=es-ES}}</ref> Angela Davis, dịka otu n'ime isi ihe kpatara echiche ụmụ nwanyị maka echiche echiche nke pasentị 99, na-eleda echiche ụmụ nwanyị liberal anya n'ihi enweghị ike idozi nchegbu ụmụ nwanyị a na-eche na ha aghọọla ndị a na-emegbu site n'ọkwa klaasị ha: "Ọ bụrụ na e mepụta ụkpụrụ maka echiche ụmụ nwanyị maka ndị rịgoro n'ọkwa akụ na ụba nke echiche ụmụ nwanyị, kedu ka nke a si emetụta ụmụ nwanyị nọ n'ala ala?". N'ikwu ya n'ụzọ ọzọ, Davis na-akatọ ndị na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị maka ime ihe maka ọdịmma ụmụ nwanyị ndị ihe ùgwù ha na-eme ka ha ghara ịba ụba na agbụrụ na ọkwa. Tithi Bhattacharya, onye ọzọ bịanyere aka na echiche ụmụ nwanyị maka manifesto 99%, agbasaala na ozizi ịmụpụta mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya n'ime ọnọdụ okike, na-enye nyocha marxist nke nkewa dị iche iche nke ọrụ nwoke na nwanyị dị ka akụkụ dị mkpa nke usoro mmepụta ego nke ndị isi obodo.<ref name=":3" /> N'ụzọ doro anya, Bhattacharya na-atụ aro na omume a na-akwụghị ụgwọ nke ịmụ nwa, ịzụlite nwa, na ọrụ ụlọ bụ n'onwe ha omume nke ọrụ na-arụpụta ihe, nke a na-eme n'ime ọnọdụ na-erigbu nke kwekọrọ na Echiche ọrụ Marxist.<ref name=":3" /> Isi ihe, bụ na omume ndị a bụ ọrụ ụmụ nwanyị n'ụzọ dị iche iche.<ref name=":3" /> N'ụzọ dị iche na nnwere onwe ụmụ nwanyị, ụmụ nwanyị maka 99% na-ekwu na mgbanwe dị irè na nke bara uru sitere n'echiche na-abụghị nke mgbanwe: ya bụ, mgbanwe mgbanwe ahụ chọrọ ọhụụ utopian.<ref name=":4" /> Feminism maka 99% na-ekwu na mgbanwe na-arịwanye elu nke usoro ndị isi na-ezighị ezi na mmegbu ga-eme ka ọha mmadụ nwee ezi omume. Iji mezuo nke a, a chọrọ mgbanwe site n'ala ruo n'elu.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.viewpointmag.com/2017/02/03/beyond-lean-in-for-a-feminism-of-the-99-and-a-militant-international-strike-on-march-8/|title=Beyond Lean-In: For a Feminism of the 99% and a Militant International Strike on March 8 - Viewpoint Magazine|date=3 February 2017|work=Viewpoint Magazine|accessdate=24 October 2018|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.viewpointmag.com/2017/02/03/beyond-lean-in-for-a-feminism-of-the-99-and-a-militant-international-strike-on-march-8/ "Beyond Lean-In: For a Feminism of the 99% and a Militant International Strike on March 8 - Viewpoint Magazine"]. ''Viewpoint Magazine''. 3 February 2017. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180825212601/https://www.viewpointmag.com/2017/02/03/beyond-lean-in-for-a-feminism-of-the-99-and-a-militant-international-strike-on-march-8/ Archived] from the original on 25 August 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite></ref> === Ọ dịghị Otu Ọ bụghị Ihe Ọ bụla === The Feminism of the 99% manifesto kpọmkwem kwuru na Ni Una Menos bụ isi iyi nke mkpali maka mmegharị ahụ.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.viewpointmag.com/2017/02/03/beyond-lean-in-for-a-feminism-of-the-99-and-a-militant-international-strike-on-march-8/|title=Beyond Lean-In: For a Feminism of the 99% and a Militant International Strike on March 8 - Viewpoint Magazine|date=3 February 2017|work=Viewpoint Magazine|accessdate=24 October 2018|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.viewpointmag.com/2017/02/03/beyond-lean-in-for-a-feminism-of-the-99-and-a-militant-international-strike-on-march-8/ "Beyond Lean-In: For a Feminism of the 99% and a Militant International Strike on March 8 - Viewpoint Magazine"]. ''Viewpoint Magazine''. 3 February 2017. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180825212601/https://www.viewpointmag.com/2017/02/03/beyond-lean-in-for-a-feminism-of-the-99-and-a-militant-international-strike-on-march-8/ Archived] from the original on 25 August 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite></ref> N'ụzọ pụrụ iche, iji ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị niile eme ihe dịka isi ihe na-akwalite ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Na 8 Maachị 2017 (Ụbọchị Ụmụnwaanyị Mba Nile), ndị na-akwado ndị inyom nọ n'ọkwa dị elu haziri ngagharị iwe ụmụnwaanyị mba ụwa (nke a maara na US dịka Ụbọchị Na-enweghị Ụmụnwaanyị).<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thecut.com/2017/02/womens-strike-march-8.html|title=On March 8, Women Will Go on Strike|author=Evans|first=Dayna|work=The Cut|accessdate=24 October 2018|language=en}}</ref> 2017 Women's Day March bụ ngagharị iwe kachasị ukwuu n'akụkọ ihe mere eme nke US.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/womens-march-anti-donald-trump-womens-rights-largest-protest-demonstration-us-history-political-a7541081.html|title=2 charts which show just how huge the Women's Marches against Trump were|work=The Independent|accessdate=24 October 2018|language=en-GB}}</ref> == Edemsibia == {{Reflist}} [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] bcebbfaqun3c1i98oktq6yqj2abeh67 0 75297 632245 2026-05-07T20:22:39Z Chinemeremprince 13026 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1344579687|Feminist legal theory]]" 632245 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Echiche '''Iwu ụmụ nwanyị'''''', nke a makwaara dị ka iwu ụmụ nwanyị. <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|author=Fineman|first=Martha Albertson|title=Feminist Legal Theory|journal=Journal of Gender, Social Policy & the Law|date=2005|volume=13|issue=1}}</ref> Ọrụ nke ozizi iwu nwanyị nwere akụkụ abụọ. Nke mbụ, ikike iwu nwanyị na-achọ ịkọwa otu iwu si arụ ọrụ n'ịnọgide na-enwe ọkwa ụmụ nwanyị n'okpuru. Ozizi iwu nwanyị na-aghọta na e wuru usoro iwu ahụ n'ụzọ bụ isi site na ebumnuche nna ochie, na-echefukarị ahụmịhe dị mkpa ụmụ nwanyị, ụmụ agbọghọ, na obodo ndị a na-emegbu emegbu na-eche ihu. <ref name=":7">{{Cite journal|author=Bowman|first=Cynthia|title=Redefining Notions: Feminist Legal Theory Pushes into the Mainstream|journal=Human Rights|date=1993|volume=20|issue=4|pages=8–11}}</ref> Nke abụọ, a raara echiche iwu ụmụ nwanyị nye ịgbanwe ọnọdụ ụmụ nwanyị site na mgbanwe nke iwu na ụzọ ya si emeso okike.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|author=Fineman|first=Martha Albertson|title=Feminist Legal Theory|journal=Journal of Gender, Social Policy & the Law|date=2005|volume=13|issue=1}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFFineman2005">Fineman, Martha Albertson (2005). "Feminist Legal Theory". ''Journal of Gender, Social Policy & the Law''. '''13''' (1). [[SSRN (identifier)|SSRN]]&nbsp;[https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2132233 2132233].</cite></ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book|title=Legal Feminism: Activism, Lawyering, and legal Theory|author=Scales|first=Ann|publisher=University Press|year=2006|location=New York}}</ref> Ọ bụ nkatọ nke iwu Amerịka e mepụtara iji gbanwee ụzọ e si emeso ụmụ nwanyị na otu ndị ọkaikpe si tinye iwu ahụ n'ọrụ iji mee ka ụmụ nwanyị nọrọ n'otu ọnọdụ ha nọworo ruo ọtụtụ afọ. Ụmụ nwanyị rụrụ ọrụ n'akụkụ a mụrụ ọrụ iwu ahụ n'ịkwado ụmụ nwanyị n'ọnọdụ dị ala karịa ụmụ nwoke dabere na echiche okike (nke ndị ọkaikpe tụkwasịrị obi na-eme mkpebi ha). Mmegharị a malitere na 1960 na 1970 iji nweta nha anya maka ụmụ nwanyị site na ịma aka iwu ndị mere ọdịiche dabere na mmekọahụ.. Otu ihe atụ nke ịkpa ókè nwoke na nwanyị n'oge ndị a bụ ọgụ maka nnabata hà nhata na ịnweta agụmakwụkwọ ha chọrọ. Ahụmahụ ụmụ nwanyị na nnọgidesi ike ịlụ ọgụ maka ohere nhata mere ka ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ala nke njigide na nsogbu ahụike uche, gụnyere nsogbu nchegbu. Site na ahụmịhe ha, a kpaliri ha ịmepụta echiche iwu ọhụrụ nke lụrụ ọgụ maka ikike ha na ndị bịara n'azụ ha na agụmakwụkwọ na obodo ndị a na-akparaghị ókè nke dugara n'ịmepụta echiche iwu nke ụmụ nwanyị na 1970s na 1980s.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=West|first=Robin|title=Women in the Legal Academy: A Brief History of Feminist Legal Theory|journal=Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works|date=1 December 2018|url=https://scholarship.law.georgetown.edu/facpub/2119/}}</ref> Ọ dị oke mkpa ikwe ka ụmụ nwanyị bụrụ ndị nke ha site n'inwe onwe ha n'ụzọ ego na inwe ikike ịchọta ezigbo ọrụ ndị ha na-enwetụbeghị n'oge gara aga n'ihi ịkpa ókè n'ọrụ.<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|author=Sagers|first=Christopher L.|title=Review of Postmodern Legal Movements: Law and Jurisprudence at Century's End|journal=Michigan Law Review|date=1997|volume=95|issue=6|pages=1927–1943|doi=10.2307/1290030|url=https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/193/book/76295}}</ref> Ntọala nke ozizi iwu nwanyị na-egosipụta mgba ndị a nke ugboro abụọ na nke atọ nke ụmụ nwanyị. Agbanyeghị, ndị ọkà mmụta iwu nwanyị na-agbasa ọrụ ha karịa ịkpa ókè doro anya site n'iji ụzọ dị iche iche iji ghọta ma lebara otu iwu si etinye aka na enweghị nha anya nwoke na nwanyị.<ref name=":4" /> == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == Ojiji mbụ a maara nke ọma nke okwu ahụ bụ feminist jurisprudence bụ na ngwụcha afọ 1970 site n'aka Ann Scales n'oge usoro atụmatụ maka Celebration 25, oriri na ogbako emere na 1978 iji mee emume ncheta afọ iri abụọ na ise nke ụmụ nwanyị mbụ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Harvard Law School. <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Cain|first=Patricia|title=Feminist Jurisprudence: Grounding the Theories|journal=Berkeley Women's Law Journal|date=1 January 1988|doi=10.15779/Z38FG5W|url=https://digitalcommons.law.scu.edu/facpubs/251/}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite book|title=Legal Feminism: Activism, Lawyering, and legal Theory|author=Scales|first=Ann|publisher=University Press|year=2006|location=New York}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFScales2006">Scales, Ann (2006). ''Legal Feminism: Activism, Lawyering, and legal Theory''. New York: University Press.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Ehrenreich|first=Nancy|title=On Having Fun and Raising Hell; Symposium Honoring the Work of Professor Ann Scales|journal=Denver Law Review|date=3 December 2020|volume=91|issue=1|pages=1|url=https://digitalcommons.du.edu/dlr/vol91/iss1/2/}}</ref> E bipụtara okwu ahụ na 1978 na mbipụta mbụ nke Harvard Women's Law Journal . <ref>{{Cite book|doi=10.1002/9781444320114.ch18|chapter=Feminist Jurisprudence|title=A Companion to Philosophy of Law and Legal Theory|year=2010|author=Smith|first=Patricia|pages=290–298|isbn=978-1-4443-2011-4}}</ref> A mepụtara nkatọ ụmụ nwanyị a nke iwu America dị ka mmeghachi omume na eziokwu ahụ bụ na usoro iwu ahụ na-ebute oke okike na nna ochie. <ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|author=Sagers|first=Christopher L.|title=Review of Postmodern Legal Movements: Law and Jurisprudence at Century's End|journal=Michigan Law Review|date=1997|volume=95|issue=6|pages=1927–1943|doi=10.2307/1290030|url=https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/193/book/76295}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFSagers1997">Sagers, Christopher L. (1997). [https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/193/book/76295 "Review of Postmodern Legal Movements: Law and Jurisprudence at Century's End"]. ''Michigan Law Review''. '''95''' (6): <span class="nowrap">1927–</span>1943. [[Digital object identifier|doi]]:[[doi:10.2307/1290030|10.2307/1290030]]. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]]&nbsp;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/1290030 1290030].</cite></ref> Na afọ 1984, Martha Fineman hiwere ọrụ Feminism and Legal Theory Project na Mahadum Wisconsin Law School iji nyochaa mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ozizi feminist, omume, na iwu, nke nyeere aka na mmepe nke ozizi iwu feminist.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://law.emory.edu/faculty-and-scholarship/centers/feminism-and-legal-theory-project.html.|title=Feminism and Legal Theory Project {{!}} Emory University School of Law {{!}} Atlanta, GA|work=Emory University School of Law|language=en|accessdate=2017-10-07}}</ref> Ọ bụ ụmụ nwanyị tọrọ ntọala nke echiche iwu ụmụ nwanyị bụ ndị na-agbagha iwu ndị dị n'ebe ahụ iji mee ka ụmụ nwanyị nọrọ n'ebe ha dị iche iche n'ụlọ. Ihe na-akpali mmegharị ọhụrụ a bụ mkpa ụmụ nwanyị ịmalite ịghọ ndị nweere onwe ha.<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|author=Sagers|first=Christopher L.|title=Review of Postmodern Legal Movements: Law and Jurisprudence at Century's End|journal=Michigan Law Review|date=1997|volume=95|issue=6|pages=1927–1943|doi=10.2307/1290030|url=https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/193/book/76295}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFSagers1997">Sagers, Christopher L. (1997). [https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/193/book/76295 "Review of Postmodern Legal Movements: Law and Jurisprudence at Century's End"]. ''Michigan Law Review''. '''95''' (6): <span class="nowrap">1927–</span>1943. [[Digital object identifier|doi]]:[[doi:10.2307/1290030|10.2307/1290030]]. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]]&nbsp;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/1290030 1290030].</cite></ref> Ụmụ nwanyị na-arụ ọrụ n'iwu malitere ilekwasị anya n'echiche a ma malite ịrụ ọrụ iji nweta nnwere onwe ịmụ nwa, ịkwụsị ịkpa ókè nwoke na nwanyị na iwu na ndị ọrụ, na ịkwụsị ikike nke mmetọ mmekọahụ.<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|author=Sagers|first=Christopher L.|title=Review of Postmodern Legal Movements: Law and Jurisprudence at Century's End|journal=Michigan Law Review|date=1997|volume=95|issue=6|pages=1927–1943|doi=10.2307/1290030|url=https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/193/book/76295}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFSagers1997">Sagers, Christopher L. (1997). [https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/193/book/76295 "Review of Postmodern Legal Movements: Law and Jurisprudence at Century's End"]. ''Michigan Law Review''. '''95''' (6): <span class="nowrap">1927–</span>1943. [[Digital object identifier|doi]]:[[doi:10.2307/1290030|10.2307/1290030]]. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]]&nbsp;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/1290030 1290030].</cite></ref> == Ụzọ ndị bụ isi == Ụzọ ụfọdụ e si eme ihe maka iwu ụmụ nwanyị bụ: * ihe nlereanya nke ịha nhata n'efu; * ihe nlereanya nke ọdịiche nwoke na nwanyị; * ihe nlereanya nke ọchịchị; * ihe nlereanya na-emegide ihe dị mkpa; * na ihe nlereanya postmodern. Ihe nlereanya ọ bụla na-enye echiche dị iche iche banyere usoro iwu nke na-enye aka n'okpuru ụmụ nwanyị, nke ọ bụla na ya na-enye usoro dị iche iche maka ịgbanwe usoro iwu gbasara okike. === Ihe nlereanya nke ịha nhata ===   Usoro nha nhata nke ndị liberal na-arụ ọrụ site n'ime usoro iwu liberal ma na-anabata ụkpụrụ liberal na ụzọ iwu si dabere na ikike, ọ bụ ezie na ọ na-adịghị mkpa n'otú usoro liberal si arụ ọrụ n'ọrụ. Ụdị a na-elekwasị anya n'ịhụ na enyere ụmụ nwanyị ezigbo nha nhata gụnyere agbụrụ, mmasị mmekọahụ, na okike - n'adịghị ka nha nhata aha a na-enyekarị ha na usoro liberal ọdịnala - ma na-achọ imezu nke a site na iji ụkpụrụ liberal nke ọma na ahụmịhe ụmụ nwanyị ma ọ bụ mgbanwe nke ụdị liberal iji tụlee okike. Ụdị nha nhata nke ndị liberal na-etinye usoro echiche Kimberlé Crenshaw nke njikọ aka n'ihe metụtara ahụmịhe mmadụ biri ndụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, mgbe a na-enye ụmụ nwanyị ojii enyemaka iwu naanị mgbe ikpe megidere agbụrụ ma ọ bụ okike ha.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Crenshaw|first=Kimberlé|date=1989|title=Demarginalizing the Intersection of Race and Sex: A Black Feminist Critique of Antidiscrimination Doctrine, Feminist Theory and Antiracist Politics|journal=University of Chicago Legal Forum|volume=1989|pages=149}}</ref> === Ihe nlereanya nke ọdịiche nwoke na nwanyị === Ihe nlereanya dị iche na-emesi ike mkpa nke [[Ịkpa oke nwoke na nwanyị|Ịkpa ókè nwoke na nwanyị]] ma na-ekwusi ike na ịkpa ókè a ekwesịghị ikpuchi ya site na iwu, mana ọ ga-eburu ya n'uche. Naanị site n'ịtụle ọdịiche ka iwu nwere ike inye ọgwụgwọ zuru oke maka ọnọdụ ụmụ nwanyị, nke dị iche na nke ụmụ nwoke.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|date=2013|title=Difference, Dominance, Differences: Feminist Theory, Equality, and the Law|journal=Berkeley Journal of Gender, Law & Justice|volume=5|issue=1|doi=10.15779/Z388C4M|author=Berkeley Journal Of Gender Law}}</ref> Ihe nlereanya dị iche na-egosi na ọdịiche dị n'etiti ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ nwoke na-etinye otu nwoke na nwanyị na ọghọm; ya mere, iwu kwesịrị ịkwụ ụgwọ ụmụ nwanyị na ndị ikom maka ọdịiche na ọghọmarịcha ha. Ọdịiche ndị a n'etiti ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ nwoke nwere ike ịbụ nke sitere na ihe ndị dị ndụ ma ọ bụ nke ọdịbendị. Ihe nlereanya dị iche bụ na-emegide kpọmkwem na akụkọ otu ihe nke na-ekwu na a ga-emesi ike na otu ihe ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ nwoke. N'ihe gbasara ụmụ nwanyị, iji ọdịiche ụmụ nwanyị mee ihe na mgbalị inweta ikike ka ukwuu adịghị irè na njedebe ahụ ma na-ekwusi ike na njirimara ụmụ nwanyị nke gbochiri ha inweta nha nhata na ụmụ nwoke.<ref name=":2" /> Onye na-akwado ụmụ nwanyị ahụ kwukwara na e nweela mmeso pụrụ iche maka ihe a na-akpọ "ọdịiche" na iwu, nke bụ ihe na-emegbu ụmụ nwanyị. Echiche nke inwe ọdịiche dị n'etiti ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị dugara n'echiche oge ochie nke echiche iwu ụmụ nwanyị na-anwa iwepụ. Ọ manyere ụmụ nwanyị igosi na ha dị ka ụmụ nwoke site n'iji ahụmahụ ha tụnyere nke ụmụ nwoke, niile na mgbalị inweta nchebe iwu. Nke a niile mere ka ụmụ nwanyị gbalịa izute ụkpụrụ ndị ụmụ nwoke mere n'ebughị ụzọ jụọ ihe mere a nabatara ha dị ka ụkpụrụ maka ịha nhata.<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|author=Sagers|first=Christopher L.|title=Review of Postmodern Legal Movements: Law and Jurisprudence at Century's End|journal=Michigan Law Review|date=1997|volume=95|issue=6|pages=1927–1943|doi=10.2307/1290030|url=https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/193/book/76295}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFSagers1997">Sagers, Christopher L. (1997). [https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/193/book/76295 "Review of Postmodern Legal Movements: Law and Jurisprudence at Century's End"]. ''Michigan Law Review''. '''95''' (6): <span class="nowrap">1927–</span>1943. [[Digital object identifier|doi]]:[[doi:10.2307/1290030|10.2307/1290030]]. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]]&nbsp;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/1290030 1290030].</cite></ref> A pụghị ịhụ ma ọ bụ kọwaa ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị dị ka ndị ha nhata n'ihi na ha nwere ahụmahụ dị iche iche. Ịghọta na ohere ahụ ga-aha nhata, mana a ka ga-amata ọdịiche iji gbochie ikpe ziri ezi na ọgụ ike gụnyere ụkpụrụ ọha na eze a na-akwụghị ụgwọ dị ka ilekọta ụmụaka na ụlọ, karịa njirimara ụmụ nwanyị.<ref name=":7">{{Cite journal|author=Bowman|first=Cynthia|title=Redefining Notions: Feminist Legal Theory Pushes into the Mainstream|journal=Human Rights|date=1993|volume=20|issue=4|pages=8–11}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFBowmanQuade1993">Bowman, Cynthia; Quade, Vicki (1993). "Redefining Notions: Feminist Legal Theory Pushes into the Mainstream". ''Human Rights''. '''20''' (4): <span class="nowrap">8–</span>11. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]]&nbsp;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27879789 27879789].</cite></ref> === Ihe nlereanya nke ịchịkwa === Ihe nlereanya nke nchịkwa na-ajụ nnwere onwe ụmụ nwanyị ma na-ele usoro iwu anya dị ka usoro maka ịnọgide na-achịkwa ụmụ nwoke.<ref name=":5" /> Site n'ịghọta ntọala nke iwu, ndị ọkà mmụta nwere ike ịghọta etu ụmụ nwanyị na obodo ndị a na-akparaghị ókè si edepụta na ntọala nke ọtụtụ ihe owuwu na-egbochi ohere na ikike nhata n'akụkụ niile nke ndụ. Ọzọkwa, ndị na-ekwu maka [[wiktionary:domination|ọchịchị]] na-ajụ ihe nlereanya dị iche iche n'ihi na ọ na-eji ụmụ nwoke dị ka ihe atụ nke ịha nhata. Ọ bụ ezie na usoro ịha nhata na echiche dị iche iche na-achọ inweta ịha nhụsianya maka ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ nwoke, ebumnuche ikpeazụ nke usoro nchịkwa bụ ịtọhapụ ụmụ nwanyị n'aka ụmụ nwoke. Ndị na-ekwu maka ọchịchị na-aghọta enweghị nhata nwoke na nwanyị n'ihi enweghị ike n'etiti ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ nwoke ma kwenyere na iwu ahụ na-enye aka n'okpuru ụmụ nwanyị. N'ụzọ dị otú a, ọ na-esonyere akụkụ ụfọdụ nke Echiche iwu dị oke egwu, nke na-atụle ikike iwu nwere ịrụ ọrụ dị ka ngwá ọrụ maka ịchịkwa. Echiche a na-elekwasị anya n'otú ụmụ nwoke si achịkwa ụmụ nwanyị, mana ọ na-ekwukwa banyere ìgwè ndị ọzọ a na-emegbu dịka otu esi anaghị enye ndị transgender enyemaka iwu. Ọzọkwa, nwanyị ọ bụla na-acha ọcha ga-enwe ezigbo nnọchiteanya iwu ma e jiri ya tụnyere ndị ka nta.<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal|author=Spade|first=Dean|date=November 2010|title=Be Professional|journal=Harvard Journal of Law & Gender|pages=5}}</ref> N'ihe ndekọ nke ịchịkwa nke Catharine MacKinnon chepụtara, mmekọahụ bụ isi na ịchịkwa.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Our Lives Before the Law: Constructing a Feminist Jurisprudence|author=Baer|first=Judith A.|authorlink=Judith A. Baer|publisher=Princeton University Press|year=2001|pages=27}}</ref> MacKinnon na-ekwu na mmekọahụ ụmụ nwanyị na-ewulite site na nchịkwa nwoke na nchịkwa mmekọahụ nke ụmụ nwanyị site na ụmụ nwoke bụ isi ihe na-eme ka ụmụ nwanyị nọrọ n'okpuru. Dị ka MacKinnon si kwuo, usoro iwu na-eme ka enweghị nhata dị n'etiti ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ nwoke site n'ịmepụta iwu gbasara ụmụ nwanyị site na iji echiche ụmụ nwoke.<ref>{{Cite book|doi=10.4324/9780429500480-11|chapter=Feminism, Marxism, Method, and the State: Toward Feminist Jurisprudence|title=Feminist Legal Theory|year=2018|author=MacKinnon|first=Catharine A.|pages=181–200|isbn=978-0-429-50048-0}}</ref> Ọzọkwa, MacKinnon na-ejikwa usoro ọchịchị ya nke iwu ụmụ nwanyị na nha nhata nwoke na nwanyị transgender. Ọ katọrọ usoro ederede na nke nkịtị maka ime ka ịkpa ókè nke ndị lesbian, ụmụ nwoke na-edina nwoke, na ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị transgender na-eche ihu ka njọ, kama iwepụ, ịkpa ókè nke ndị lesbian na-eche ihu, ma na-emezu ụkpụrụ kachasị elu ebe ọ naghị enye aka ọ bụla nye ndị na-eche ịkpa ókè dabere na echiche ndị dị n'okpuru. Ọ na-ekwu na ọ bụ naanị site n'ịnabata usoro Substantive, nke sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ ya na ilekwasị anya na usoro okike nke mmekọahụ na-akpali, ka a ga-edozi mmekọrịta nke ọma, na-abara ụmụ nwanyị niile uru n'ikpeazụ.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Catharine A. MacKinnon|date=November 28, 2022|title=Exploring Transgender Law and Politics|url=https://signsjournal.org/exploring-transgender-law-and-politics/#_ftnref36|accessdate=2023-07-18|work=Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=A Feminist Defense of Transgender Sex Equality Rights|journal=Yale Journal of Law & Feminism|date=2023|url=https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13051/18252|accessdate=18 July 2023}}</ref> === Ihe nlereanya na-emegide ihe dị mkpa === Ọ bụ ụmụ nwanyị na-acha ọbara ọbara na ụmụ nwanyị na 1980s mepụtara echiche iwu nke ụmụ nwanyị na - ndị chere na echiche iwu nke ndị inyom na-ewepu echiche na ahụmịhe ha. Ndị na-emegide ndị isi na ndị na-akatọ ndị inyom na-emegiderịta onwe ha na echiche ahụ bụ na enwere ike inwe olu ụmụ nwanyị ọ bụla zuru ụwa ọnụ ma katọọ ndị inyom, dị ka Black femism, maka ịtọ ntọala ọrụ ha na ahụmịhe nke ndị ọcha, ndị nọ n'etiti, ụmụ nwanyị na-enwe mmekọahụ. Ọrụ mgbochi na [[Intersectionality|intersectionalist]] bụ ịchọpụta ụzọ agbụrụ, klas, omume mmekọahụ, na axis ndị ọzọ nke ịnọ n'okpuru na-emetụta okike na ịchọpụta echiche ndị na-adịghị mma, nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe na echiche ụmụ nwanyị.<ref name=":6" /> Ihe nlereanya a na-ama ndị na-ahụ maka iwu ụmụ nwanyị aka bụ ndị na-ekwu maka otu iwu ahụ si emetụta ụmụ nwanyị ọcha na-enwe mmekọahụ. Echiche iwu nke ụmụ nwanyị na-emegide ihe dị mkpa na-aghọta na njirimara nke ụmụ nwanyị n'otu n'otu na-akpụzi ahụmịhe ha, yabụ iwu anaghị emetụta ụmụ nwanyị niile n'otu ụzọ ahụ.<ref name=":4" /> Ọ bụ maka iwulite nha nhata maka mmadụ niile n'agbanyeghị ma ọ bụ okike, agbụrụ, mmasị mmekọahụ, klas, ma ọ bụ nkwarụ. Mgbe ụmụ nwanyị na-eme ihe n'okpuru oghere dị mkpa, a na-achụpụkarị ụmụ nwanyị na ya dịka ha ga-eme na akụkọ ihe mere eme.<ref name=":8">{{Cite journal|author=Harris|first=Angela P.|title=Race and Essentialism in Feminist Legal Theory|journal=Stanford Law Review|date=1990|volume=42|issue=3|pages=581–616|doi=10.2307/1228886}}</ref> Ọ bụ ezie na agbụrụ bụ ihe dị mkpa na echiche iwu ụmụ nwanyị, enwere ike ịkọwa ya n'ụzọ na-ezighi ezi n'ụzọ ga-eme ka ụmụ nwanyị na-acha ọbara ọbara mechie, na-akwalite ịkpa ókè agbụrụ na usoro e mepụtara iji wulite ohere. N'ihi nke a, Crenshaw's "Mapping the Margins: Intersectionality, Identity Politics, and Violence against Women of Color" <ref name=":8" /> kwesịrị ịnọgide na-abụ ihe na-emetụta isiokwu a iji gaa n'ihu na-akwado ma na-ama ndị isi nwoke na nwanyị aka n'ime ọdịbendị na echiche ụmụ nwanyị ndị a na-ewepụ ichebe ha site na nkwado.<ref name=":9">{{Cite journal|author=Crenshaw|first=Kimberlé|title=Mapping the Margins: Intersectionality, Identity Politics, and Violence against Women of Color|journal=Stanford Law Review|date=1991|volume=43|issue=6|pages=1241–1299|doi=10.2307/1229039}}</ref> Ọdịdị nke Kimberlé Crenshaw nke intersectionality n'ime echiche iwu ụmụ nwanyị enyewo ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị na ndị mmadụ na-ebi ndụ dị iche iche nnọchiteanya n'ọgbọ iwu dị mkpa.<ref name=":9" /> Mari Matsuda mepụtara okwu ahụ bụ "multiple consciousness" iji kọwaa ikike mmadụ nwere iwere echiche nke otu ndị a na-emegbu emegbu. Ndị na-ahụ maka iwu na-emegide ụmụ nwanyị na-eji ọtụtụ ihe ọmụma aghọta etu iwu si emetụta ụmụ nwanyị nọ n'òtù ndị ọzọ na-abụghị nke ha.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Matsuda|first=Mari|title=When the First Quail Calls: Multiple Consciousness as Jurisprudential Method|journal=Women's Rights Law Reporter|date=1989}}</ref> Echiche iwu ụmụ nwanyị ka na-agbanwe iji belata okike na agbụrụ dị mkpa iji ghọta otu mmegbu na ihe ùgwù si arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ iji mepụta ahụmịhe ndụ mmadụ. === Ihe nlereanya postmodern === Ndị ọkà mmụta iwu gbasara ụmụ nwanyị mgbe a gbasịrị oge a jụrụ echiche nha anya nke ndị liberal na ụmụ nwanyị dị ka ụmụ nwoke yana echiche nke ọdịiche nke ụmụ nwanyị dị iche na ụmụ nwoke. Nke a bụ n'ihi na ha ekweghị na eziokwu dị iche iche kama ha na-ahụ eziokwu dị ka ọtụtụ ma dabere na ahụmịhe na echiche. Ndị ọkà mmụta nwanyị si n'ogige postmodern na-eji usoro a maara dị ka deconstruction nke ha na-ele anya na iwu iji chọta ajọ mbunobi zoro ezo n'ime ha. Ndị ọkà mmụta nwanyị mgbe a gbasịrị oge a na-eji deconstruction egosi na iwu ekwesịghị ịgbanwe agbanwe ebe ọ bụ na ndị nwere ajọ mbunobi kere ha, ya mere ha nwere ike itinye aka na mmegbu ụmụ nwanyị. Ndị ọkà mmụta na-adịbeghị anya lekwasịrị anya na mmekọahụ / okike dị ka ngwá ọrụ a na-achịkwa nke iwu steeti, na-egosi na nkọwa steeti nke nwoke na nwanyị na-adabere na ojiji nke ụdị ahụ n'ịkwalite ọrụ steeti ụfọdụ.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Currah|first=Paisley|title=Sex Is As Sex Does: Governing Transgender Identity|date=2022|publisher=New York University Press|isbn=978-0-8147-1709-7|location=New York}}</ref> == Hedonic Jurisprudence == Echiche iwu ụmụ nwanyị mepụtara echiche ọhụrụ nke iji iwu hedonic iji gosi na ahụmịhe ụmụ nwanyị nke mwakpo na ndina n'ike bụ ngwaahịa nke iwu ndị na-emeso ha dị ka ndị na-adịchaghị mmadụ ma nye ha ikike dị ala karịa ụmụ nwoke. Site na nke a, ndị na-ahụ maka iwu ụmụ nwanyị kwuru na ihe atụ ndị e nyere abụghị naanị nkọwa nke ihe omume ndị nwere ike ime kamakwa ihe ịrịba ama nke ihe omume mere n'ezie, na-adabere na ha iji kwado nkwupụta na iwu ahụ na-eleghara ọdịmma anya ma na-asọpụrụ ịdị adịpụ ụmụ nwanyị.<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|author=Sagers|first=Christopher L.|title=Review of Postmodern Legal Movements: Law and Jurisprudence at Century's End|journal=Michigan Law Review|date=1997|volume=95|issue=6|pages=1927–1943|doi=10.2307/1290030|url=https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/193/book/76295}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFSagers1997">Sagers, Christopher L. (1997). [https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/193/book/76295 "Review of Postmodern Legal Movements: Law and Jurisprudence at Century's End"]. ''Michigan Law Review''. '''95''' (6): <span class="nowrap">1927–</span>1943. [[Digital object identifier|doi]]:[[doi:10.2307/1290030|10.2307/1290030]]. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]]&nbsp;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/1290030 1290030].</cite></ref> == Mmetụta na mkpebi ikpe == Ihe karịrị ọkara nke ikpe metụtara okwu gbasara ikike ụmụ nwanyị n'Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke United Kingdom gụnyere ihe ndị metụtara ikike ụmụ nwanyị n'ikpe ha. <ref name=":10">{{Cite journal|author=Hunter|first=Rosemary|date=March 2020|title=Feminist Judgments on the UK Supreme Court|url=https://utpjournals.press/doi/10.3138/cjwl.32.1.04|journal=Canadian Journal of Women and the Law|language=en|volume=32|issue=1|pages=85–113|doi=10.3138/cjwl.32.1.04|issn=0832-8781}}</ref> : 17 Ụdị echiche iwu nke ndị inyom na-emekarị bụ itinye okwu ahụ n'ime ihe gbasara ahụmịhe nke ndị metụtara ya ma ọ bụ ihe ọzọ sara mbara, nke nwere ike ịgụnye igosi ọmịiko maka ụmụ nwanyị metụtara ikpe ndị a..<ref name=":10" /> : Ndị ọkàikpe 18 tụlekwara mmetụta nke ikpe na ndị na-enweghị ihe ịga nke ọma, na-ama ajọ mbunobi nwoke na nwanyị aka, ma na-ekwu maka ikpe na-ezighị ezi n'akụkọ ihe mere eme.<ref name=":10" /> : 20 Ụfọdụ eziokwu ụmụ nwanyị batara n'ụlọ ikpe na-eche echiche dị ka ihe ọmụma a na-ahụkarị na ndị ọkà mmụta ụmụ nwanyị a na-ezo aka.<ref name=":10" /> : 22 Lady Hale ejirila arụmụka Intersectional, <ref name=":10" />: arụmụka 23 na-agbasa echiche nke ime ihe ike n'okwu ndị na-eme ihe ike n"ụlọ na-abụghị ime ihe ike. : 24 : 24  == Ndị ọkà mmụta a ma ama == * Paisley Currah * Martha Fineman * Mary Joe Frug * Catharine MacKinnon * Mari Matsuda * [[Kimberlé Crenshaw]] * Dean Spade * Ann Scales * Robin West == Hụkwa == * Echiche agbụrụ dị oke egwu * Echiche ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ụmụ nwanyị * Mgbasa ozi gbasara nwoke na nwanyị * Ụmụ nwanyị n'iwu * Ntinye aka nke ụmụ nwanyị na nkà ihe ọmụma nke iwu == Ihe edeturu == {{Reflist}} == Edemsibia == * Baer, Judith A. Ndụ anyị n'ihu Iwu: Ịrụpụta Iwu Ụmụ nwanyị. Princeton University Press, 2001. * {{Cite journal|date=2013|title=Difference, Dominance, Differences: Feminist Theory, Equality, and the Law|journal=Berkeley Journal of Gender, Law & Justice|volume=5|issue=1|doi=10.15779/Z388C4M|author=Berkeley Journal Of Gender Law}} * Cain, Patricia A. "Feminist Jurisprudence: Grounding the Theories" Berkeley Journal of Gender, Law & Justice, mpịakọta. 4, no. 2, September 2013, Enwetara 3 October 2017. * {{Cite journal|author=Crenshaw|first=Kimberlé|title=Demarginalizing the Intersection of Race and Sex: A Black Feminist Critique of Antidiscrimination Doctrine, Feminist Theory and Antiracist Politics|journal=University of Chicago Legal Forum|date=7 December 2015|volume=1989|issue=1|url=https://chicagounbound.uchicago.edu/uclf/vol1989/iss1/8/}} * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] (2013). On "Having fun and raising hell": Symposium na-asọpụrụ ọrụ nke prọfesọ ann scales. Nnyocha iwu nke Mahadum Denver. 91. 1–11. * "Feminism and Legal Theory Project" (Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Iwu nke Mahadum Emory Atlanta, GA. "Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Ọgwụ nke Mahaduma Emory, law.emory.edu/faculty-and-scholarship/centers/feminism-and-legal-theory-project.html). Enwetara ya na 2 Ọktoba 2017. * Levit, Nancy, na Robert R.M. Verchick. "Feminist Legal Theories." Feminist Legal Theory (Second Edition): A Primer. , mbipụta nke abụọ. , NYU Press, 2015, peeji nke 11-41.&nbsp; * {{Cite journal|author=MacKinnon|first=Catharine A.|title=Feminism, Marxism, Method, and the State: Toward Feminist Jurisprudence|journal=Signs|date=1983|volume=8|issue=4|pages=635–658|doi=10.1086/494000}} * {{Cite journal|author=Matsuda|first=Mari|title=When the First Quail Calls: Multiple Consciousness as Jurisprudential Method|journal=Women's Rights Law Reporter|date=1989}} * Minda, Gary "Feminist Legal Theory". Na Postmodern Legal Movements: Law and Jurisprudence At Century's End, 128-48. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Iwu ụmụ nwanyị: ime ihe, ịgbachitere iwu, na echiche iwu. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] * {{Cite journal|author=Spade|first=Dean|title=Be Professional!|journal=Harvard Journal of Law and Gender|date=1 January 2010|url=https://digitalcommons.law.seattleu.edu/faculty/103/}} * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Atụmatụ: nhazi nke ìgwè ndị a na-emegbu emegbu dị ka mmepe nke oge a. 2016. == Ịgụ ihe ọzọ == * Mmetụta nke Feminist Legal Theory: Mmekọahụ, Ime Ihe Ike, Ọrụ na Mmụba (Women in the Political Economy), ed. site na D. Kelly Weisberg, Temple University Press, 1996,   * Feminist Legal Theory: An Anti-Essentialist Reader, ed. site na Nancy E. Dowd na Michelle S. Jacobs, New York Univ Press, 2003,   * Nancy Levit, Robert R. M. Verchick: Feminist Legal Theory: A Primer (Critical America (New York University Paperback)), New York University Press 2006,   == Njikọ mpụga == *   * [https://web.archive.org/web/20131005044235/http://www.law.emory.edu/academics/academic-programs/feminism-legal-theory.html Ọrụ Ụmụ nwanyị na Iwu] [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] j4iy00xzgs5xstieel3y6lb09zngbhi 632246 632245 2026-05-07T20:26:10Z Chinemeremprince 13026 632246 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Echiche '''Iwu ụmụ nwanyị'''''', nke a makwaara dị ka iwu ụmụ nwanyị. <ref name=":0" /> Ọrụ nke ozizi iwu nwanyị nwere akụkụ abụọ. Nke mbụ, ikike iwu nwanyị na-achọ ịkọwa otu iwu si arụ ọrụ n'ịnọgide na-enwe ọkwa ụmụ nwanyị n'okpuru. Ozizi iwu nwanyị na-aghọta na e wuru usoro iwu ahụ n'ụzọ bụ isi site na ebumnuche nna ochie, na-echefukarị ahụmịhe dị mkpa ụmụ nwanyị, ụmụ agbọghọ, na obodo ndị a na-emegbu emegbu na-eche ihu. <ref name=":7" /> Nke abụọ, a raara echiche iwu ụmụ nwanyị nye ịgbanwe ọnọdụ ụmụ nwanyị site na mgbanwe nke iwu na ụzọ ya si emeso okike.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|author=Fineman|first=Martha Albertson|title=Feminist Legal Theory|journal=Journal of Gender, Social Policy & the Law|date=2005|volume=13|issue=1}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFFineman2005">Fineman, Martha Albertson (2005). "Feminist Legal Theory". ''Journal of Gender, Social Policy & the Law''. '''13''' (1). [[SSRN (identifier)|SSRN]]&nbsp;[https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2132233 2132233].</cite></ref><ref name=":1" /> Ọ bụ nkatọ nke iwu Amerịka e mepụtara iji gbanwee ụzọ e si emeso ụmụ nwanyị na otu ndị ọkaikpe si tinye iwu ahụ n'ọrụ iji mee ka ụmụ nwanyị nọrọ n'otu ọnọdụ ha nọworo ruo ọtụtụ afọ. Ụmụ nwanyị rụrụ ọrụ n'akụkụ a mụrụ ọrụ iwu ahụ n'ịkwado ụmụ nwanyị n'ọnọdụ dị ala karịa ụmụ nwoke dabere na echiche okike (nke ndị ọkaikpe tụkwasịrị obi na-eme mkpebi ha). Mmegharị a malitere na 1960 na 1970 iji nweta nha anya maka ụmụ nwanyị site na ịma aka iwu ndị mere ọdịiche dabere na mmekọahụ.. Otu ihe atụ nke ịkpa ókè nwoke na nwanyị n'oge ndị a bụ ọgụ maka nnabata hà nhata na ịnweta agụmakwụkwọ ha chọrọ. Ahụmahụ ụmụ nwanyị na nnọgidesi ike ịlụ ọgụ maka ohere nhata mere ka ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ala nke njigide na nsogbu ahụike uche, gụnyere nsogbu nchegbu. Site na ahụmịhe ha, a kpaliri ha ịmepụta echiche iwu ọhụrụ nke lụrụ ọgụ maka ikike ha na ndị bịara n'azụ ha na agụmakwụkwọ na obodo ndị a na-akparaghị ókè nke dugara n'ịmepụta echiche iwu nke ụmụ nwanyị na 1970s na 1980s.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=West|first=Robin|title=Women in the Legal Academy: A Brief History of Feminist Legal Theory|journal=Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works|date=1 December 2018|url=https://scholarship.law.georgetown.edu/facpub/2119/}}</ref> Ọ dị oke mkpa ikwe ka ụmụ nwanyị bụrụ ndị nke ha site n'inwe onwe ha n'ụzọ ego na inwe ikike ịchọta ezigbo ọrụ ndị ha na-enwetụbeghị n'oge gara aga n'ihi ịkpa ókè n'ọrụ.<ref name=":3" /> Ntọala nke ozizi iwu nwanyị na-egosipụta mgba ndị a nke ugboro abụọ na nke atọ nke ụmụ nwanyị. Agbanyeghị, ndị ọkà mmụta iwu nwanyị na-agbasa ọrụ ha karịa ịkpa ókè doro anya site n'iji ụzọ dị iche iche iji ghọta ma lebara otu iwu si etinye aka na enweghị nha anya nwoke na nwanyị. == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == Ojiji mbụ a maara nke ọma nke okwu ahụ bụ feminist jurisprudence bụ na ngwụcha afọ 1970 site n'aka Ann Scales n'oge usoro atụmatụ maka Celebration 25, oriri na ogbako emere na 1978 iji mee emume ncheta afọ iri abụọ na ise nke ụmụ nwanyị mbụ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Harvard Law School. <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Cain|first=Patricia|title=Feminist Jurisprudence: Grounding the Theories|journal=Berkeley Women's Law Journal|date=1 January 1988|doi=10.15779/Z38FG5W|url=https://digitalcommons.law.scu.edu/facpubs/251/}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite book|title=Legal Feminism: Activism, Lawyering, and legal Theory|author=Scales|first=Ann|publisher=University Press|year=2006|location=New York}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFScales2006">Scales, Ann (2006). ''Legal Feminism: Activism, Lawyering, and legal Theory''. New York: University Press.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Ehrenreich|first=Nancy|title=On Having Fun and Raising Hell; Symposium Honoring the Work of Professor Ann Scales|journal=Denver Law Review|date=3 December 2020|volume=91|issue=1|pages=1|url=https://digitalcommons.du.edu/dlr/vol91/iss1/2/}}</ref> E bipụtara okwu ahụ na 1978 na mbipụta mbụ nke Harvard Women's Law Journal . <ref>{{Cite book|doi=10.1002/9781444320114.ch18|chapter=Feminist Jurisprudence|title=A Companion to Philosophy of Law and Legal Theory|year=2010|author=Smith|first=Patricia|pages=290–298|isbn=978-1-4443-2011-4}}</ref> A mepụtara nkatọ ụmụ nwanyị a nke iwu America dị ka mmeghachi omume na eziokwu ahụ bụ na usoro iwu ahụ na-ebute oke okike na nna ochie. <ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|author=Sagers|first=Christopher L.|title=Review of Postmodern Legal Movements: Law and Jurisprudence at Century's End|journal=Michigan Law Review|date=1997|volume=95|issue=6|pages=1927–1943|doi=10.2307/1290030|url=https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/193/book/76295}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFSagers1997">Sagers, Christopher L. (1997). [https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/193/book/76295 "Review of Postmodern Legal Movements: Law and Jurisprudence at Century's End"]. ''Michigan Law Review''. '''95''' (6): <span class="nowrap">1927–</span>1943. [[Digital object identifier|doi]]:[[doi:10.2307/1290030|10.2307/1290030]]. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]]&nbsp;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/1290030 1290030].</cite></ref> Na afọ 1984, Martha Fineman hiwere ọrụ Feminism and Legal Theory Project na Mahadum Wisconsin Law School iji nyochaa mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ozizi feminist, omume, na iwu, nke nyeere aka na mmepe nke ozizi iwu feminist.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://law.emory.edu/faculty-and-scholarship/centers/feminism-and-legal-theory-project.html.|title=Feminism and Legal Theory Project {{!}} Emory University School of Law {{!}} Atlanta, GA|work=Emory University School of Law|language=en|accessdate=2017-10-07}}</ref> Ọ bụ ụmụ nwanyị tọrọ ntọala nke echiche iwu ụmụ nwanyị bụ ndị na-agbagha iwu ndị dị n'ebe ahụ iji mee ka ụmụ nwanyị nọrọ n'ebe ha dị iche iche n'ụlọ. Ihe na-akpali mmegharị ọhụrụ a bụ mkpa ụmụ nwanyị ịmalite ịghọ ndị nweere onwe ha.<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|author=Sagers|first=Christopher L.|title=Review of Postmodern Legal Movements: Law and Jurisprudence at Century's End|journal=Michigan Law Review|date=1997|volume=95|issue=6|pages=1927–1943|doi=10.2307/1290030|url=https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/193/book/76295}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFSagers1997">Sagers, Christopher L. (1997). [https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/193/book/76295 "Review of Postmodern Legal Movements: Law and Jurisprudence at Century's End"]. ''Michigan Law Review''. '''95''' (6): <span class="nowrap">1927–</span>1943. [[Digital object identifier|doi]]:[[doi:10.2307/1290030|10.2307/1290030]]. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]]&nbsp;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/1290030 1290030].</cite></ref> Ụmụ nwanyị na-arụ ọrụ n'iwu malitere ilekwasị anya n'echiche a ma malite ịrụ ọrụ iji nweta nnwere onwe ịmụ nwa, ịkwụsị ịkpa ókè nwoke na nwanyị na iwu na ndị ọrụ, na ịkwụsị ikike nke mmetọ mmekọahụ.<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|author=Sagers|first=Christopher L.|title=Review of Postmodern Legal Movements: Law and Jurisprudence at Century's End|journal=Michigan Law Review|date=1997|volume=95|issue=6|pages=1927–1943|doi=10.2307/1290030|url=https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/193/book/76295}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFSagers1997">Sagers, Christopher L. (1997). [https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/193/book/76295 "Review of Postmodern Legal Movements: Law and Jurisprudence at Century's End"]. ''Michigan Law Review''. '''95''' (6): <span class="nowrap">1927–</span>1943. [[Digital object identifier|doi]]:[[doi:10.2307/1290030|10.2307/1290030]]. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]]&nbsp;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/1290030 1290030].</cite></ref> == Ụzọ ndị bụ isi == Ụzọ ụfọdụ e si eme ihe maka iwu ụmụ nwanyị bụ: * ihe nlereanya nke ịha nhata n'efu; * ihe nlereanya nke ọdịiche nwoke na nwanyị; * ihe nlereanya nke ọchịchị; * ihe nlereanya na-emegide ihe dị mkpa; * na ihe nlereanya postmodern. Ihe nlereanya ọ bụla na-enye echiche dị iche iche banyere usoro iwu nke na-enye aka n'okpuru ụmụ nwanyị, nke ọ bụla na ya na-enye usoro dị iche iche maka ịgbanwe usoro iwu gbasara okike. === Ihe nlereanya nke ịha nhata ===   Usoro nha nhata nke ndị liberal na-arụ ọrụ site n'ime usoro iwu liberal ma na-anabata ụkpụrụ liberal na ụzọ iwu si dabere na ikike, ọ bụ ezie na ọ na-adịghị mkpa n'otú usoro liberal si arụ ọrụ n'ọrụ. Ụdị a na-elekwasị anya n'ịhụ na enyere ụmụ nwanyị ezigbo nha nhata gụnyere agbụrụ, mmasị mmekọahụ, na okike - n'adịghị ka nha nhata aha a na-enyekarị ha na usoro liberal ọdịnala - ma na-achọ imezu nke a site na iji ụkpụrụ liberal nke ọma na ahụmịhe ụmụ nwanyị ma ọ bụ mgbanwe nke ụdị liberal iji tụlee okike. Ụdị nha nhata nke ndị liberal na-etinye usoro echiche Kimberlé Crenshaw nke njikọ aka n'ihe metụtara ahụmịhe mmadụ biri ndụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, mgbe a na-enye ụmụ nwanyị ojii enyemaka iwu naanị mgbe ikpe megidere agbụrụ ma ọ bụ okike ha.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Crenshaw|first=Kimberlé|date=1989|title=Demarginalizing the Intersection of Race and Sex: A Black Feminist Critique of Antidiscrimination Doctrine, Feminist Theory and Antiracist Politics|journal=University of Chicago Legal Forum|volume=1989|pages=149}}</ref> === Ihe nlereanya nke ọdịiche nwoke na nwanyị === Ihe nlereanya dị iche na-emesi ike mkpa nke [[Ịkpa oke nwoke na nwanyị|Ịkpa ókè nwoke na nwanyị]] ma na-ekwusi ike na ịkpa ókè a ekwesịghị ikpuchi ya site na iwu, mana ọ ga-eburu ya n'uche. Naanị site n'ịtụle ọdịiche ka iwu nwere ike inye ọgwụgwọ zuru oke maka ọnọdụ ụmụ nwanyị, nke dị iche na nke ụmụ nwoke.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|date=2013|title=Difference, Dominance, Differences: Feminist Theory, Equality, and the Law|journal=Berkeley Journal of Gender, Law & Justice|volume=5|issue=1|doi=10.15779/Z388C4M|author=Berkeley Journal Of Gender Law}}</ref> Ihe nlereanya dị iche na-egosi na ọdịiche dị n'etiti ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ nwoke na-etinye otu nwoke na nwanyị na ọghọm; ya mere, iwu kwesịrị ịkwụ ụgwọ ụmụ nwanyị na ndị ikom maka ọdịiche na ọghọmarịcha ha. Ọdịiche ndị a n'etiti ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ nwoke nwere ike ịbụ nke sitere na ihe ndị dị ndụ ma ọ bụ nke ọdịbendị. Ihe nlereanya dị iche bụ na-emegide kpọmkwem na akụkọ otu ihe nke na-ekwu na a ga-emesi ike na otu ihe ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ nwoke. N'ihe gbasara ụmụ nwanyị, iji ọdịiche ụmụ nwanyị mee ihe na mgbalị inweta ikike ka ukwuu adịghị irè na njedebe ahụ ma na-ekwusi ike na njirimara ụmụ nwanyị nke gbochiri ha inweta nha nhata na ụmụ nwoke.<ref name=":2" /> Onye na-akwado ụmụ nwanyị ahụ kwukwara na e nweela mmeso pụrụ iche maka ihe a na-akpọ "ọdịiche" na iwu, nke bụ ihe na-emegbu ụmụ nwanyị. Echiche nke inwe ọdịiche dị n'etiti ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị dugara n'echiche oge ochie nke echiche iwu ụmụ nwanyị na-anwa iwepụ. Ọ manyere ụmụ nwanyị igosi na ha dị ka ụmụ nwoke site n'iji ahụmahụ ha tụnyere nke ụmụ nwoke, niile na mgbalị inweta nchebe iwu. Nke a niile mere ka ụmụ nwanyị gbalịa izute ụkpụrụ ndị ụmụ nwoke mere n'ebughị ụzọ jụọ ihe mere a nabatara ha dị ka ụkpụrụ maka ịha nhata.<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|author=Sagers|first=Christopher L.|title=Review of Postmodern Legal Movements: Law and Jurisprudence at Century's End|journal=Michigan Law Review|date=1997|volume=95|issue=6|pages=1927–1943|doi=10.2307/1290030|url=https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/193/book/76295}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFSagers1997">Sagers, Christopher L. (1997). [https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/193/book/76295 "Review of Postmodern Legal Movements: Law and Jurisprudence at Century's End"]. ''Michigan Law Review''. '''95''' (6): <span class="nowrap">1927–</span>1943. [[Digital object identifier|doi]]:[[doi:10.2307/1290030|10.2307/1290030]]. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]]&nbsp;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/1290030 1290030].</cite></ref> A pụghị ịhụ ma ọ bụ kọwaa ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị dị ka ndị ha nhata n'ihi na ha nwere ahụmahụ dị iche iche. Ịghọta na ohere ahụ ga-aha nhata, mana a ka ga-amata ọdịiche iji gbochie ikpe ziri ezi na ọgụ ike gụnyere ụkpụrụ ọha na eze a na-akwụghị ụgwọ dị ka ilekọta ụmụaka na ụlọ, karịa njirimara ụmụ nwanyị.<ref name=":7">{{Cite journal|author=Bowman|first=Cynthia|title=Redefining Notions: Feminist Legal Theory Pushes into the Mainstream|journal=Human Rights|date=1993|volume=20|issue=4|pages=8–11}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFBowmanQuade1993">Bowman, Cynthia; Quade, Vicki (1993). "Redefining Notions: Feminist Legal Theory Pushes into the Mainstream". ''Human Rights''. '''20''' (4): <span class="nowrap">8–</span>11. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]]&nbsp;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27879789 27879789].</cite></ref> === Ihe nlereanya nke ịchịkwa === Ihe nlereanya nke nchịkwa na-ajụ nnwere onwe ụmụ nwanyị ma na-ele usoro iwu anya dị ka usoro maka ịnọgide na-achịkwa ụmụ nwoke.<ref name=":5" /> Site n'ịghọta ntọala nke iwu, ndị ọkà mmụta nwere ike ịghọta etu ụmụ nwanyị na obodo ndị a na-akparaghị ókè si edepụta na ntọala nke ọtụtụ ihe owuwu na-egbochi ohere na ikike nhata n'akụkụ niile nke ndụ. Ọzọkwa, ndị na-ekwu maka [[wiktionary:domination|ọchịchị]] na-ajụ ihe nlereanya dị iche iche n'ihi na ọ na-eji ụmụ nwoke dị ka ihe atụ nke ịha nhata. Ọ bụ ezie na usoro ịha nhata na echiche dị iche iche na-achọ inweta ịha nhụsianya maka ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ nwoke, ebumnuche ikpeazụ nke usoro nchịkwa bụ ịtọhapụ ụmụ nwanyị n'aka ụmụ nwoke. Ndị na-ekwu maka ọchịchị na-aghọta enweghị nhata nwoke na nwanyị n'ihi enweghị ike n'etiti ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ nwoke ma kwenyere na iwu ahụ na-enye aka n'okpuru ụmụ nwanyị. N'ụzọ dị otú a, ọ na-esonyere akụkụ ụfọdụ nke Echiche iwu dị oke egwu, nke na-atụle ikike iwu nwere ịrụ ọrụ dị ka ngwá ọrụ maka ịchịkwa. Echiche a na-elekwasị anya n'otú ụmụ nwoke si achịkwa ụmụ nwanyị, mana ọ na-ekwukwa banyere ìgwè ndị ọzọ a na-emegbu dịka otu esi anaghị enye ndị transgender enyemaka iwu. Ọzọkwa, nwanyị ọ bụla na-acha ọcha ga-enwe ezigbo nnọchiteanya iwu ma e jiri ya tụnyere ndị ka nta.<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal|author=Spade|first=Dean|date=November 2010|title=Be Professional|journal=Harvard Journal of Law & Gender|pages=5}}</ref> N'ihe ndekọ nke ịchịkwa nke Catharine MacKinnon chepụtara, mmekọahụ bụ isi na ịchịkwa.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Our Lives Before the Law: Constructing a Feminist Jurisprudence|author=Baer|first=Judith A.|authorlink=Judith A. Baer|publisher=Princeton University Press|year=2001|pages=27}}</ref> MacKinnon na-ekwu na mmekọahụ ụmụ nwanyị na-ewulite site na nchịkwa nwoke na nchịkwa mmekọahụ nke ụmụ nwanyị site na ụmụ nwoke bụ isi ihe na-eme ka ụmụ nwanyị nọrọ n'okpuru. Dị ka MacKinnon si kwuo, usoro iwu na-eme ka enweghị nhata dị n'etiti ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ nwoke site n'ịmepụta iwu gbasara ụmụ nwanyị site na iji echiche ụmụ nwoke.<ref>{{Cite book|doi=10.4324/9780429500480-11|chapter=Feminism, Marxism, Method, and the State: Toward Feminist Jurisprudence|title=Feminist Legal Theory|year=2018|author=MacKinnon|first=Catharine A.|pages=181–200|isbn=978-0-429-50048-0}}</ref> Ọzọkwa, MacKinnon na-ejikwa usoro ọchịchị ya nke iwu ụmụ nwanyị na nha nhata nwoke na nwanyị transgender. Ọ katọrọ usoro ederede na nke nkịtị maka ime ka ịkpa ókè nke ndị lesbian, ụmụ nwoke na-edina nwoke, na ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị transgender na-eche ihu ka njọ, kama iwepụ, ịkpa ókè nke ndị lesbian na-eche ihu, ma na-emezu ụkpụrụ kachasị elu ebe ọ naghị enye aka ọ bụla nye ndị na-eche ịkpa ókè dabere na echiche ndị dị n'okpuru. Ọ na-ekwu na ọ bụ naanị site n'ịnabata usoro Substantive, nke sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ ya na ilekwasị anya na usoro okike nke mmekọahụ na-akpali, ka a ga-edozi mmekọrịta nke ọma, na-abara ụmụ nwanyị niile uru n'ikpeazụ.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Catharine A. MacKinnon|date=November 28, 2022|title=Exploring Transgender Law and Politics|url=https://signsjournal.org/exploring-transgender-law-and-politics/#_ftnref36|accessdate=2023-07-18|work=Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=A Feminist Defense of Transgender Sex Equality Rights|journal=Yale Journal of Law & Feminism|date=2023|url=https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13051/18252|accessdate=18 July 2023}}</ref> === Ihe nlereanya na-emegide ihe dị mkpa === Ọ bụ ụmụ nwanyị na-acha ọbara ọbara na ụmụ nwanyị na 1980s mepụtara echiche iwu nke ụmụ nwanyị na - ndị chere na echiche iwu nke ndị inyom na-ewepu echiche na ahụmịhe ha. Ndị na-emegide ndị isi na ndị na-akatọ ndị inyom na-emegiderịta onwe ha na echiche ahụ bụ na enwere ike inwe olu ụmụ nwanyị ọ bụla zuru ụwa ọnụ ma katọọ ndị inyom, dị ka Black femism, maka ịtọ ntọala ọrụ ha na ahụmịhe nke ndị ọcha, ndị nọ n'etiti, ụmụ nwanyị na-enwe mmekọahụ. Ọrụ mgbochi na [[Intersectionality|intersectionalist]] bụ ịchọpụta ụzọ agbụrụ, klas, omume mmekọahụ, na axis ndị ọzọ nke ịnọ n'okpuru na-emetụta okike na ịchọpụta echiche ndị na-adịghị mma, nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe na echiche ụmụ nwanyị. Ihe nlereanya a na-ama ndị na-ahụ maka iwu ụmụ nwanyị aka bụ ndị na-ekwu maka otu iwu ahụ si emetụta ụmụ nwanyị ọcha na-enwe mmekọahụ. Echiche iwu nke ụmụ nwanyị na-emegide ihe dị mkpa na-aghọta na njirimara nke ụmụ nwanyị n'otu n'otu na-akpụzi ahụmịhe ha, yabụ iwu anaghị emetụta ụmụ nwanyị niile n'otu ụzọ ahụ.Ọ bụ maka iwulite nha nhata maka mmadụ niile n'agbanyeghị ma ọ bụ okike, agbụrụ, mmasị mmekọahụ, klas, ma ọ bụ nkwarụ. Mgbe ụmụ nwanyị na-eme ihe n'okpuru oghere dị mkpa, a na-achụpụkarị ụmụ nwanyị na ya dịka ha ga-eme na akụkọ ihe mere eme.<ref name=":8">{{Cite journal|author=Harris|first=Angela P.|title=Race and Essentialism in Feminist Legal Theory|journal=Stanford Law Review|date=1990|volume=42|issue=3|pages=581–616|doi=10.2307/1228886}}</ref> Ọ bụ ezie na agbụrụ bụ ihe dị mkpa na echiche iwu ụmụ nwanyị, enwere ike ịkọwa ya n'ụzọ na-ezighi ezi n'ụzọ ga-eme ka ụmụ nwanyị na-acha ọbara ọbara mechie, na-akwalite ịkpa ókè agbụrụ na usoro e mepụtara iji wulite ohere. N'ihi nke a, Crenshaw's "Mapping the Margins: Intersectionality, Identity Politics, and Violence against Women of Color" <ref name=":8" /> kwesịrị ịnọgide na-abụ ihe na-emetụta isiokwu a iji gaa n'ihu na-akwado ma na-ama ndị isi nwoke na nwanyị aka n'ime ọdịbendị na echiche ụmụ nwanyị ndị a na-ewepụ ichebe ha site na nkwado.<ref name=":9">{{Cite journal|author=Crenshaw|first=Kimberlé|title=Mapping the Margins: Intersectionality, Identity Politics, and Violence against Women of Color|journal=Stanford Law Review|date=1991|volume=43|issue=6|pages=1241–1299|doi=10.2307/1229039}}</ref> Ọdịdị nke Kimberlé Crenshaw nke intersectionality n'ime echiche iwu ụmụ nwanyị enyewo ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị na ndị mmadụ na-ebi ndụ dị iche iche nnọchiteanya n'ọgbọ iwu dị mkpa.<ref name=":9" /> Mari Matsuda mepụtara okwu ahụ bụ "multiple consciousness" iji kọwaa ikike mmadụ nwere iwere echiche nke otu ndị a na-emegbu emegbu. Ndị na-ahụ maka iwu na-emegide ụmụ nwanyị na-eji ọtụtụ ihe ọmụma aghọta etu iwu si emetụta ụmụ nwanyị nọ n'òtù ndị ọzọ na-abụghị nke ha.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Matsuda|first=Mari|title=When the First Quail Calls: Multiple Consciousness as Jurisprudential Method|journal=Women's Rights Law Reporter|date=1989}}</ref> Echiche iwu ụmụ nwanyị ka na-agbanwe iji belata okike na agbụrụ dị mkpa iji ghọta otu mmegbu na ihe ùgwù si arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ iji mepụta ahụmịhe ndụ mmadụ. === Ihe nlereanya postmodern === Ndị ọkà mmụta iwu gbasara ụmụ nwanyị mgbe a gbasịrị oge a jụrụ echiche nha anya nke ndị liberal na ụmụ nwanyị dị ka ụmụ nwoke yana echiche nke ọdịiche nke ụmụ nwanyị dị iche na ụmụ nwoke. Nke a bụ n'ihi na ha ekweghị na eziokwu dị iche iche kama ha na-ahụ eziokwu dị ka ọtụtụ ma dabere na ahụmịhe na echiche. Ndị ọkà mmụta nwanyị si n'ogige postmodern na-eji usoro a maara dị ka deconstruction nke ha na-ele anya na iwu iji chọta ajọ mbunobi zoro ezo n'ime ha. Ndị ọkà mmụta nwanyị mgbe a gbasịrị oge a na-eji deconstruction egosi na iwu ekwesịghị ịgbanwe agbanwe ebe ọ bụ na ndị nwere ajọ mbunobi kere ha, ya mere ha nwere ike itinye aka na mmegbu ụmụ nwanyị. Ndị ọkà mmụta na-adịbeghị anya lekwasịrị anya na mmekọahụ / okike dị ka ngwá ọrụ a na-achịkwa nke iwu steeti, na-egosi na nkọwa steeti nke nwoke na nwanyị na-adabere na ojiji nke ụdị ahụ n'ịkwalite ọrụ steeti ụfọdụ.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Currah|first=Paisley|title=Sex Is As Sex Does: Governing Transgender Identity|date=2022|publisher=New York University Press|isbn=978-0-8147-1709-7|location=New York}}</ref> == Hedonic Jurisprudence == Echiche iwu ụmụ nwanyị mepụtara echiche ọhụrụ nke iji iwu hedonic iji gosi na ahụmịhe ụmụ nwanyị nke mwakpo na ndina n'ike bụ ngwaahịa nke iwu ndị na-emeso ha dị ka ndị na-adịchaghị mmadụ ma nye ha ikike dị ala karịa ụmụ nwoke. Site na nke a, ndị na-ahụ maka iwu ụmụ nwanyị kwuru na ihe atụ ndị e nyere abụghị naanị nkọwa nke ihe omume ndị nwere ike ime kamakwa ihe ịrịba ama nke ihe omume mere n'ezie, na-adabere na ha iji kwado nkwupụta na iwu ahụ na-eleghara ọdịmma anya ma na-asọpụrụ ịdị adịpụ ụmụ nwanyị.<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|author=Sagers|first=Christopher L.|title=Review of Postmodern Legal Movements: Law and Jurisprudence at Century's End|journal=Michigan Law Review|date=1997|volume=95|issue=6|pages=1927–1943|doi=10.2307/1290030|url=https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/193/book/76295}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFSagers1997">Sagers, Christopher L. (1997). [https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/193/book/76295 "Review of Postmodern Legal Movements: Law and Jurisprudence at Century's End"]. ''Michigan Law Review''. '''95''' (6): <span class="nowrap">1927–</span>1943. [[Digital object identifier|doi]]:[[doi:10.2307/1290030|10.2307/1290030]]. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]]&nbsp;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/1290030 1290030].</cite></ref> == Mmetụta na mkpebi ikpe == Ihe karịrị ọkara nke ikpe metụtara okwu gbasara ikike ụmụ nwanyị n'Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke United Kingdom gụnyere ihe ndị metụtara ikike ụmụ nwanyị n'ikpe ha. <ref name=":10">{{Cite journal|author=Hunter|first=Rosemary|date=March 2020|title=Feminist Judgments on the UK Supreme Court|url=https://utpjournals.press/doi/10.3138/cjwl.32.1.04|journal=Canadian Journal of Women and the Law|language=en|volume=32|issue=1|pages=85–113|doi=10.3138/cjwl.32.1.04|issn=0832-8781}}</ref> : 17 Ụdị echiche iwu nke ndị inyom na-emekarị bụ itinye okwu ahụ n'ime ihe gbasara ahụmịhe nke ndị metụtara ya ma ọ bụ ihe ọzọ sara mbara, nke nwere ike ịgụnye igosi ọmịiko maka ụmụ nwanyị metụtara ikpe ndị a..<ref name=":10" /> : Ndị ọkàikpe 18 tụlekwara mmetụta nke ikpe na ndị na-enweghị ihe ịga nke ọma, na-ama ajọ mbunobi nwoke na nwanyị aka, ma na-ekwu maka ikpe na-ezighị ezi n'akụkọ ihe mere eme.<ref name=":10" /> : 20 Ụfọdụ eziokwu ụmụ nwanyị batara n'ụlọ ikpe na-eche echiche dị ka ihe ọmụma a na-ahụkarị na ndị ọkà mmụta ụmụ nwanyị a na-ezo aka.<ref name=":10" /> : 22 Lady Hale ejirila arụmụka Intersectional, <ref name=":10" />: arụmụka 23 na-agbasa echiche nke ime ihe ike n'okwu ndị na-eme ihe ike n"ụlọ na-abụghị ime ihe ike. : 24 : 24  == Ndị ọkà mmụta a ma ama == * Paisley Currah * Martha Fineman * Mary Joe Frug * Catharine MacKinnon * Mari Matsuda * [[Kimberlé Crenshaw]] * Dean Spade * Ann Scales * Robin West == Hụkwa == * Echiche agbụrụ dị oke egwu * Echiche ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ụmụ nwanyị * Mgbasa ozi gbasara nwoke na nwanyị * Ụmụ nwanyị n'iwu * Ntinye aka nke ụmụ nwanyị na nkà ihe ọmụma nke iwu == Ihe edeturu == {{Reflist}} == Edemsibia == * Baer, Judith A. Ndụ anyị n'ihu Iwu: Ịrụpụta Iwu Ụmụ nwanyị. Princeton University Press, 2001. * {{Cite journal|date=2013|title=Difference, Dominance, Differences: Feminist Theory, Equality, and the Law|journal=Berkeley Journal of Gender, Law & Justice|volume=5|issue=1|doi=10.15779/Z388C4M|author=Berkeley Journal Of Gender Law}} * Cain, Patricia A. "Feminist Jurisprudence: Grounding the Theories" Berkeley Journal of Gender, Law & Justice, mpịakọta. 4, no. 2, September 2013, Enwetara 3 October 2017. * {{Cite journal|author=Crenshaw|first=Kimberlé|title=Demarginalizing the Intersection of Race and Sex: A Black Feminist Critique of Antidiscrimination Doctrine, Feminist Theory and Antiracist Politics|journal=University of Chicago Legal Forum|date=7 December 2015|volume=1989|issue=1|url=https://chicagounbound.uchicago.edu/uclf/vol1989/iss1/8/}} * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] (2013). On "Having fun and raising hell": Symposium na-asọpụrụ ọrụ nke prọfesọ ann scales. Nnyocha iwu nke Mahadum Denver. 91. 1–11. * "Feminism and Legal Theory Project" (Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Iwu nke Mahadum Emory Atlanta, GA. "Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Ọgwụ nke Mahaduma Emory, law.emory.edu/faculty-and-scholarship/centers/feminism-and-legal-theory-project.html). Enwetara ya na 2 Ọktoba 2017. * Levit, Nancy, na Robert R.M. Verchick. "Feminist Legal Theories." Feminist Legal Theory (Second Edition): A Primer. , mbipụta nke abụọ. , NYU Press, 2015, peeji nke 11-41.&nbsp; * {{Cite journal|author=MacKinnon|first=Catharine A.|title=Feminism, Marxism, Method, and the State: Toward Feminist Jurisprudence|journal=Signs|date=1983|volume=8|issue=4|pages=635–658|doi=10.1086/494000}} * {{Cite journal|author=Matsuda|first=Mari|title=When the First Quail Calls: Multiple Consciousness as Jurisprudential Method|journal=Women's Rights Law Reporter|date=1989}} * Minda, Gary "Feminist Legal Theory". Na Postmodern Legal Movements: Law and Jurisprudence At Century's End, 128-48. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Iwu ụmụ nwanyị: ime ihe, ịgbachitere iwu, na echiche iwu. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] * {{Cite journal|author=Spade|first=Dean|title=Be Professional!|journal=Harvard Journal of Law and Gender|date=1 January 2010|url=https://digitalcommons.law.seattleu.edu/faculty/103/}} * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Atụmatụ: nhazi nke ìgwè ndị a na-emegbu emegbu dị ka mmepe nke oge a. 2016. == Ịgụ ihe ọzọ == * Mmetụta nke Feminist Legal Theory: Mmekọahụ, Ime Ihe Ike, Ọrụ na Mmụba (Women in the Political Economy), ed. site na D. Kelly Weisberg, Temple University Press, 1996,   * Feminist Legal Theory: An Anti-Essentialist Reader, ed. site na Nancy E. Dowd na Michelle S. Jacobs, New York Univ Press, 2003,   * Nancy Levit, Robert R. M. Verchick: Feminist Legal Theory: A Primer (Critical America (New York University Paperback)), New York University Press 2006,   == Njikọ mpụga == *   * [https://web.archive.org/web/20131005044235/http://www.law.emory.edu/academics/academic-programs/feminism-legal-theory.html Ọrụ Ụmụ nwanyị na Iwu] [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] nohzkygkp0f2vuy3dihquynn5ar15o3 0 75298 632247 2026-05-07T20:49:44Z Johnnybam 24488 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1346740809|Candy Agbane]]" 632247 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Candy Augustine Agbane''' (amụrụ na 22 Disemba 1996) bụ onye Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ nke ikpeazụ gbara bọọlụ dị ka onye na-agba ọsọ maka klọb Bangladesh Premier League Chittagong Abahani . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gundemkibris.com/spor/ktff-disiplin-kurulu-toplandi-h334816.html|title=KTFF Disiplin Kurulu toplandı|first=Gündem Kıbrıs|author=Gazetesi|work=gundemkibris.com|language=tr|accessdate=2 April 2024}}</ref> == Ọrụ klọb == Ọ malitere ọrụ ya na [[Ikorodu United F.C.]] na Nigeria Premier League . <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2016/02/21/champions-enyimba-lose-4-away-wins-herald-league-season-openers/|title=Champions Enyimba lose, 4 away wins herald league season openers|accessdate=24 March 2020|work=[[P.M. News]]}}</ref> N'ọnwa Ọgọstụ 2016, Agbane sonyeere klọb Süper Lig Yenicami Ağdelen na nkwekọrịta afọ abụọ. === Lefke TSK na MŠK Tesla Stropkov === Ọ sonyeere Lefke TSK na Septemba 2017.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ktff.org/BilgiBankasi/FutbolcuDetayi/17191|title=CANDY AGBANE|publisher=ktff.org|accessdate=24 March 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sporyeni.com/disiplin-kurulu-kararlari-7786h.htm|title=Disiplin kurulu Kararlari|date=29 November 2018|publisher=sporyeni.com|accessdate=24 March 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.halkinsesikibris.com/futbol/yabanci-futbolcular-kesinlesti-h84384.html|title=Yabancı futbolcular, kesinleşti|date=4 October 2017|publisher=halkinsesikibris.com|accessdate=24 March 2020}}</ref> Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ nke ọma, ọ sonyeere klọb Northern Cyprus na nkwekọrịta na-adịgide adịgide.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.haberatorkibris.com/yesilovaya-rekor-ceza-14935h.htm|title=Yeşilova'ya rekor ceza|date=7 March 2018|publisher=haberatorkibris.com|accessdate=24 March 2020}}</ref> Na 3 Machị 2019, Agbane bịanyere aka na Slovak 3. Otu egwuregwu Liga Stropkov na mbido 2019-2020.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://futbalnet.sk/member/1416895/|title=CANDY AUGUSTINE AGBAN|publisher=futbalnet.sk|accessdate=24 March 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://msk-tesla-stropkov.futbalnet.sk/tim/33980/hraci/|title=MŠK TESLA STROPKOV (MUŽI)|publisher=futbalnet.sk|accessdate=24 March 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://mskteslastropkov.sk/report-bardejovska-nova-ves-vs-msk-stropkov/|title=REPORT: ŠK MILENIUM 2000 Bardejovská Nová Ves vs. MŠK Stropkov|publisher=mskteslastropkov.sk|accessdate=24 March 2020}}</ref> Mgbe otu oge gachara na Slovakia, ọ laghachiri na Lefke TSK na Jenụwarị 2020. === Chittagong Abahani === Mgbe ya na Mesarya SK nwechara obere oge, Candy bịanyere aka na klọb Premier League nke Bangladesh Chittagong Abahani na mbufe etiti oge na Eprel 2022. Ọ bụ ụlọ ọgbakọ Eshia mbụ ya. O meriri ihe mgbaru ọsọ anọ ma nye aka anọ n'ime egwuregwu iri maka ụlọ ọgbakọ ahụ na oge mbụ ya. Ọ gbara otu ugboro wee nye otu enyemaka na egwuregwu ikpeazụ nke oge. N'August 2022, Candy bịanyere aka na Ctg Abahani nkwekọrịta maka oge 2022-23. Otú ọ dị, ọ gbaghị ihe mgbaru ọsọ na oge na-esote wee hapụ ụlọ ọrụ ahụ mgbe ọ merụrụ ahụ ogologo oge na etiti oge. == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Profile, futbalnet.sk (n'asụsụ Slovak) * [http://www.ktff.org/BilgiBankasi/FutbolcuDetayi/17191 Profaịlụ], ktff.org * Candy Augustine Agbanen'okporo ụzọ bọọlụ [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] hsb5yny8om4kci2hr4grozxrvxckdmr 0 75299 632248 2026-05-07T20:52:54Z Johnnybam 24488 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1349798932|Antoinette Quarré]]" 632248 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Antoinette Quarré''' (January 16, 1813 - November 25, 1847) bụ onye France na-ede uri. == Akụkọ ndụ == A mụrụ Antoinette Célinie Quarré na Jenụwarị 16, 1813, na Recey-sur-Ource, France.<ref name="1frwp">{{Cite book|language=fr|chapter=Acte de naissance d'Antoinette Quarré|title=Registre d'état-civil de la commune de Recey-sur-Ource (1801-1828), cote FRAD021EC 519/005|editor=Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or|pages=313-14|url=https://archives.cotedor.fr/v2/ad21/visualiseur/ir_ead_visu_lien.html?ir=26564&id=780586224}}</ref> Nne na nna ya bụ Cécile Quarré na nna a na-amaghị ama. Ọ bụ ezie na ahụ́ erughị ya ala, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-asa ákwà na Dijon. Akụkọ mgbe ochie kwuru na ọ mụtara ịgụ ihe site na Voltaire Zaire. N'ịbụ onye ọkà mmụta, M. de Belloguet kụziri, ọ tụgharịrị na uri wee bipụta ọtụtụ edemede n'amaokwu na prose (nke dị na Journal des Demoiselles [fr]), yana otuto maka Princess Marie d'Orléans, nke nwetara ya, na 1839, nke a kpọtụrụ aha na Société des arts lettres et. O zigara amaokwu ya na Alphonse de Lamartine, onye ọ masịrị ya. Ọ zara ya n'August 24, 1838, jiri abụ nke isiokwu ya bụ "À une jeune fille poète" (To a Young Poet), nke o mesịrị tinye na "Recueillements poétiques" (Poetic Reflections). Quarré ji uri ọzọ zaghachi uri a, "Reponse à M. de Lamartine" (zaghachi Mr. de Lamartine). Ndị enyi Quarré gbara ya ume ka o bipụta mkpokọta mbụ ya, bụ́ nke pụtara na 1843 ma dọta mmasị nke ukwuu. [[Faịlụ:Dijon_(21)_Cimetière_des_Péjoces_-_Tombe_d'Antoinette_Quarré_-_01.jpg|thumb|Quarré dara]] N'ihi ọdịdị ahụike na-adịghị ike, ọ nwụrụ (nke obi gbasaa) na Nọvemba 25, 1847, na Dijon.<ref name="4frwp">{{Cite book|language=fr|chapter=Acte de décès d'Antoinette Quarré|title=Registre des décès de la ville de Dijon (1er février 1847-31 décembre 1847), cote 5 MI 9 R 217|editor=Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or|url=https://archives.cotedor.fr/v2/ad21/visualiseur/ir_ead_visu_lien.html?ir=26564&id=780398266}}</ref> E liri ya na ili ozu Péjoces. N'ihe osise ya nke Antoinette Quarré na Tour de France, Flora Tristan na-apụta dị ka onye iro n'ihu ọha megide Quarré. [a] Xavier Privas, onye goguettier nke dị na [[Lyon]] ma mesịa bụrụ onye Paris, depụtara Quarré n'etiti ndị goguettières a ma ama n'akụkụ Élisa Fleury na Élie Deleschaux nke Paris, Reine Garde nke Aix-en-Provence, na Rose Harel ya na Lisieux. * Na ''[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5738490s.image.f81.tableDesMatieres Hégésippe Moreau]'', okwu e nyere na asọmpi Académie des Jeux Floraux, 1840 * ''Abụ nke Antoineette Quarré'', Dijon, 1843 == Ihe edeturu == {{notelist}} == Edensibia == rtvycgri3vm6ojmgrm7d7xnb98sfojh 0 75300 632251 2026-05-07T21:30:47Z Johnnybam 24488 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1329514249|Adebayo Adigun]]" 632251 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Adebayo Adigun''' {{Audio|Adebayo_Adigun.wav|listen}} (amụrụ na 15 Nọvemba 1990) bụ onye Naijiria bụbu onye na-agba [[Footbọl|bọọlụ]]. Adigun bidoro ọrụ ya na Shooting Stars F.C. wee bịanye aka na 6 Disemba 2009 nkwekọrịta afọ atọ na ụlọ ọgbakọ J1 League Kashiwa Reysol. [1] Adebayo Adigun lara ezumike nká na football na 2017. == Ndụ onwe onye == Ọ bụ nwa nwoke nke onye bụbu onye mba ụwa bụ Bunmi Adigun . == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == {{DEFAULTSORT:Adigun, Adebayo}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] het9tfj9o7dkw9gma84qin8wb2ko0df 0 75301 632254 2026-05-07T23:33:45Z SafariScribe 18560 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1329844075|Felix Ademola]]" 632254 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Felix Ademola Aladesanmi''' {{Audio|LL-Q34311 (yor)-Abike25-Felix Ademola Aladesanmi.wav|listen}} (amụrụ na 9 Septemba 1974) bụ onye Naijiria na agbabu [[Footbọl|bọọlụ]] dịka onye na-eme egwuregwu n'etiti. g3bq3s8joj6qwtbni5ztqgav22sla86 0 75302 632255 2026-05-07T23:45:34Z Johnnybam 24488 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1352996663|Raymond Adeola]]" 632255 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Raymond Olamilekan Adeola''' {{Audio|LL-Q34311 (yor)-Tunmise123-Raymond Adeola.wav|Listen}} (amụrụ na 12 Mee 2001) bụ onye egwuregwu bọọlụ Naịjirịa na-agba dịka onye mgbachitere Serikspor. == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} * Raymond Adeolan'okporo ụzọ bọọlụ [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] lmp7901y90zgk0q9p98hco4hxpxnuxa 0 75303 632259 2026-05-08T04:02:16Z NiferO 20385 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1330091050|Olubayo Adefemi]]" 632259 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Olubayo Adefemi''' {{Audio|Olubayo_Adefemi.wav|listen}} (13 Ọgọst 1985 - 18 n'ọnwa Eprel afọ 2011) bụ onye ọkachamara Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ nke ikpeazụ ọ gbara maka Skoda Xanthi. Ọ gbakwara bọọlụ maka otu egwuregwu bọọlụ mba Naịjirịa <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.krone.at/Sport/Ex-Altach-Kicker_Adefemi_bei_Unfall_gestorben-Toedlicher_Crash-Story-257696|title=Ex-Altach-Kicker Adefemi bei Unfall gestorben|work=krone.at|date=18 April 2011|language=de|accessdate=2018-05-14}}</ref> == Ọrụ mba ụwa == Adefemi nọchitere anya obodo ya na asọmpi Olympic nke afọ 2008, na-egwu egwuregwu niile wee nye goolu n'asọmpi ọkara ikpeazụ ha na Belgium . Ọ bụ onye otu Naijiria Under 20 otu bụ nke abụọ n'azụ Lionel Messi na-edu Argentina na 2005 FIFA World Youth Championship na Netherlands. Adefemi gbara bọọlụ ise n'ime bọọlụ isii Naịjirịa gbara, gbaa otu goolu megide [[Morocco]] na ọkara ikpeazụ. Adefemi mere egwuregwu mbụ ya na mba Ireland megide Ireland na 29 May 2009, na-enyere aka maka goolu Michael Eneramo na 1-1 na Craven Cottage. O nwetara okpu nke abụọ ya na mmeri ha meriri France.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.kickoff.com/news/14936/utaka-gets-nigeria-recall.php|title=John Utaka gets Nigeria World Cup recall|work=Kick Off|accessdate=2018-05-14|language=en-gb}}</ref> == Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! colspan="3" |Egwuregwu klọb ! colspan="2" |Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Iko ! colspan="2" |Iko Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Kọntinent ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta |- !Oge !Klọb !Njikọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ |- |- ! colspan="3" |Israel ! colspan="2" |Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Iko Mba Israel ! colspan="2" |Iko Toto ! colspan="2" |Europe ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta |- |2006–07 |Hakoah Ramat Gan |Njikọ Al |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |- |2007–08 |Hapoel Bnei Lod |Njikọ Leumit |31 |2 |1 |0 |8 |1 |0 |0 |41 |3 |- |- ! colspan="3" |Ọrụ ya niile !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !3 |} == Ọnwụ == N'abalị iri na asatọ n'ọnwa Eprel afọ 2011, Olubayo nwụrụ n'ihe mberede nke ụgbọ ala mgbe ọ na-akwọ ụgbọala n'Okporo ụzọ awara awara A2 (Egnatia Odos), nso obodo Kavala, [[Greece|Gris]].<ref name="Grief for Adefemi (in Greek)">{{Cite web|url=http://www.sport24.gr/football/omades/SkodaXanthi/thrhnos_gia_antefemi.837900.html|title=Grief for Adefemi (in Greek)|date=18 April 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://contra.gr/Soccer/Hellas/Superleague/Ksanthi/319185.html|title=Grief in Xanthi, Adefemi got killed (in Greek)|date=18 April 2011|accessdate=18 April 2011|archivedate=26 June 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110626064539/http://www.contra.gr/Soccer/Hellas/Superleague/Ksanthi/319185.html}}</ref> Ọ nọ na-aga Naijiria iji mezue nkọwa nke agbamakwụkwọ ya.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/africa/9461573.stm|title=Nigeria's Olubayo Adefemi dies in Greece car accident|date=19 April 2011|work=BBC News}}</ref> == Nsọpụrụ == * Onye osote onye mmeri ụwa 2005 U-20 * Onye mmeri Israel F.A iko na Hapoel Tel Aviv 2006 * Ihe nrite ọlaọcha nke Olimpik 2008 == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Official website {{Nigeria Squad 2008 Summer Olympics}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Adefemi, Olubayo}} 9pawu6bbwavqe3kouwgghqokp7fjzqi 632261 632259 2026-05-08T04:04:29Z Bigcee007 24507 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1330091050|Olubayo Adefemi]]" 632261 wikitext text/x-wiki    '''Olubayo Adefemi''' {{Audio|Olubayo_Adefemi.wav|listen}} (13 Ọgọst n'afọ 1985 – 18 Eprel n'afọ 2011) bụ ọkachamara [[Footbọl|bọọlụ]] Naịjirịa nke gbara bọọlụ ikpeazụ maka Skoda Xanthi . Ọ gbakwara bọọlụ maka [[Nigeria national football team|otu egwuregwu bọọlụ mba Naịjirịa]] <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.krone.at/Sport/Ex-Altach-Kicker_Adefemi_bei_Unfall_gestorben-Toedlicher_Crash-Story-257696|title=Ex-Altach-Kicker Adefemi bei Unfall gestorben|work=krone.at|date=18 April 2011|language=de|accessdate=2018-05-14}}</ref> == Ọrụ mba ofesi == Adefemi nọchitere anya mba ya na Egwuregwu Olimpik nke afọ 2008, na-egwu egwuregwu niile ma na-enye goolu n'asọmpi ọkara nke megide [[Belgium]] . Ọ bụ onye otu ndị otu Naịjirịa na-erubeghị afọ 20 nke bịara nke abụọ n'azụ Argentina [[Lionel Messi]] nke Argentina duziri n'afọ2005 FIFA World Youth Championship na [[Netherlands]] . Adefemi gbara egwuregwu ise n'ime egwuregwu isii Naịjirịa mere, wee nye goolu otu megide [[Morocco]] na ọkara nke ikpeazụ. Adefemi mere egwuregwu mbụ ya na mba Ireland megide Ireland na 29 Mee n'afọ 2009, na-enyere aka maka goolu Michael Eneramo na 1-1 na Craven Cottage. O nwetara okpu nke abụọ ya na mmeri ha meriri France.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.kickoff.com/news/14936/utaka-gets-nigeria-recall.php|title=John Utaka gets Nigeria World Cup recall|work=Kick Off|accessdate=2018-05-14|language=en-gb}}</ref> == Ọnụọgụgụ == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! colspan="3" |Egwuregwu klọb ! colspan="2" |Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Iko ! colspan="2" |Iko Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Kọntinent ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta |- !Oge !Klọb !Njikọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ |- |- ! colspan="3" |Israel ! colspan="2" |Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Iko Mba Israel ! colspan="2" |Iko Toto ! colspan="2" |Europe ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta |- |2006–07 |Hakoah Ramat Gan |Njikọ Al |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |- |2007–08 |Hapoel Bnei Lod |Njikọ Leumit |31 |2 |1 |0 |8 |1 |0 |0 |41 |3 |- |- ! colspan="3" |Ọrụ ya niile !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !3 |} == Ọnwụ == Na ụbọchị iri na asatọ nke ọnwa Eprel afọ 2011, Olubayo nwụrụ n'ihe mberede ụgbọala mgbe ọ na-anya ụgbọala n'okporo ụzọ A2 (Egnatia Odos), dị nso n'obodo Kavala, [[Greece|Gris]] . <ref name="Grief for Adefemi (in Greek)">{{Cite web|url=http://www.sport24.gr/football/omades/SkodaXanthi/thrhnos_gia_antefemi.837900.html|title=Grief for Adefemi (in Greek)|date=18 April 2011}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://contra.gr/Soccer/Hellas/Superleague/Ksanthi/319185.html|title=Grief in Xanthi, Adefemi got killed (in Greek)|date=18 April 2011|accessdate=18 April 2011|archivedate=26 June 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110626064539/http://www.contra.gr/Soccer/Hellas/Superleague/Ksanthi/319185.html}}</ref> Ọ nọ na-aga Naịjirịa iji mechaa nkọwa gbasara agbamakwụkwọ ya. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/africa/9461573.stm|title=Nigeria's Olubayo Adefemi dies in Greece car accident|date=19 April 2011|work=BBC News}}</ref> == Nsọpụrụ == * Onye osote onye mmeri ụwa 2005 U-20 * Onye mmeri Israel F.A iko na Hapoel Tel Aviv 2006 * Ihe nrite ọlaọcha nke Olimpik 2008 == Edensibịa == ivtg4ndqhwzgo3ivmd69jzl8efsxs8e 632262 632261 2026-05-08T04:05:58Z Bigcee007 24507 632262 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}    '''Olubayo Adefemi''' {{Audio|Olubayo_Adefemi.wav|listen}} (13 Ọgọst n'afọ 1985 – 18 Eprel n'afọ 2011) bụ ọkachamara [[Footbọl|bọọlụ]] Naịjirịa nke gbara bọọlụ ikpeazụ maka Skoda Xanthi . Ọ gbakwara bọọlụ maka [[Nigeria national football team|otu egwuregwu bọọlụ mba Naịjirịa]] <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.krone.at/Sport/Ex-Altach-Kicker_Adefemi_bei_Unfall_gestorben-Toedlicher_Crash-Story-257696|title=Ex-Altach-Kicker Adefemi bei Unfall gestorben|work=krone.at|date=18 April 2011|language=de|accessdate=2018-05-14}}</ref> == Ọrụ mba ofesi == Adefemi nọchitere anya mba ya na Egwuregwu Olimpik nke afọ 2008, na-egwu egwuregwu niile ma na-enye goolu n'asọmpi ọkara nke megide [[Belgium]] . Ọ bụ onye otu ndị otu Naịjirịa na-erubeghị afọ 20 nke bịara nke abụọ n'azụ Argentina [[Lionel Messi]] nke Argentina duziri n'afọ2005 FIFA World Youth Championship na [[Netherlands]] . Adefemi gbara egwuregwu ise n'ime egwuregwu isii Naịjirịa mere, wee nye goolu otu megide [[Morocco]] na ọkara nke ikpeazụ. Adefemi mere egwuregwu mbụ ya na mba Ireland megide Ireland na 29 Mee n'afọ 2009, na-enyere aka maka goolu Michael Eneramo na 1-1 na Craven Cottage. O nwetara okpu nke abụọ ya na mmeri ha meriri France.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.kickoff.com/news/14936/utaka-gets-nigeria-recall.php|title=John Utaka gets Nigeria World Cup recall|work=Kick Off|accessdate=2018-05-14|language=en-gb}}</ref> == Ọnụọgụgụ == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! colspan="3" |Egwuregwu klọb ! colspan="2" |Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Iko ! colspan="2" |Iko Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Kọntinent ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta |- !Oge !Klọb !Njikọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ |- |- ! colspan="3" |Israel ! colspan="2" |Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Iko Mba Israel ! colspan="2" |Iko Toto ! colspan="2" |Europe ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta |- |2006–07 |Hakoah Ramat Gan |Njikọ Al |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |- |2007–08 |Hapoel Bnei Lod |Njikọ Leumit |31 |2 |1 |0 |8 |1 |0 |0 |41 |3 |- |- ! colspan="3" |Ọrụ ya niile !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !3 |} == Ọnwụ == Na ụbọchị iri na asatọ nke ọnwa Eprel afọ 2011, Olubayo nwụrụ n'ihe mberede ụgbọala mgbe ọ na-anya ụgbọala n'okporo ụzọ A2 (Egnatia Odos), dị nso n'obodo Kavala, [[Greece|Gris]] . <ref name="Grief for Adefemi (in Greek)">{{Cite web|url=http://www.sport24.gr/football/omades/SkodaXanthi/thrhnos_gia_antefemi.837900.html|title=Grief for Adefemi (in Greek)|date=18 April 2011}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://contra.gr/Soccer/Hellas/Superleague/Ksanthi/319185.html|title=Grief in Xanthi, Adefemi got killed (in Greek)|date=18 April 2011|accessdate=18 April 2011|archivedate=26 June 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110626064539/http://www.contra.gr/Soccer/Hellas/Superleague/Ksanthi/319185.html}}</ref> Ọ nọ na-aga Naịjirịa iji mechaa nkọwa gbasara agbamakwụkwọ ya. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/africa/9461573.stm|title=Nigeria's Olubayo Adefemi dies in Greece car accident|date=19 April 2011|work=BBC News}}</ref> == Nsọpụrụ == * Onye osote onye mmeri ụwa 2005 U-20 * Onye mmeri Israel F.A iko na Hapoel Tel Aviv 2006 * Ihe nrite ọlaọcha nke Olimpik 2008 == Edensibịa == til2nit3ipt5zetp8a2pojztm2gl4l3 0 75304 632264 2026-05-08T04:08:11Z NiferO 20385 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1348557606|Issa Adekunle]]" 632264 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Issa Adekunle''' {{Audio|LL-Q34311 (yor)-Tunmise123-Issa Adekunle.wav|Listen}} (amụrụ na 20 n'ọnwa Disemba afọ 1997) bụ onye Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba ọsọ dị ka onye na-agbachitere. == Ọrụ == <templatestyles src="Module:Message box/ambox.css"></templatestyles>  Adekunle mere nke mbụ ya na Fortuna Liga maka [[AS Trenčín|Trenčín]]<nowiki/>megide Slovak Bratislava na 25 n'ọnwa Febụwarị afọ 2016. Slovan meriri egwuregwu ahụ 4:3. Adekunle gbara nkeji 90 niile nke egwuregwu ahụ. N'oge ya na Trenčín, o mere egwuregwu 6 ma gbaa 1 goolu. == Edensibia == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.astrencin.sk/hrac.asp?id=Issa-Adekunle-877&sezona=2017&kategorie=MUZ AS Trenčín profaịlụ klọb] (n'asụsụ Slovak) * Issa Adekunlen'okporo ụzọ bọọlụ * Futbalnet Profile (n'asụsụ Slovak) * Usman Adekunle IssanaNjikọ bọọlụ mbụ nke Slovak (n'asụsụ Slovak) [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 556lwhuaox0rqynu4u6ljskjlmitt3x 0 75305 632269 2026-05-08T05:40:19Z NiferO 20385 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1329540768|Waheed Adekunle]]" 632269 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  '''Waheed Owolabi Adekunle''' {{Audio|LL-Q34311 (yor)-Tunmise123-Waheed Adekunle.wav|Listen}} (amuru 1 n'ọnwa Jenuwari afọ 1986) bu onye okachamara n’egwuregwu bọọlụ Naijiria nke gbara bọọlụ dịka onye ọkpọ maka United S.C. na mbinye ego sitere n’aka George Telegraph SC na I-League. == Ọrụ == === United === Na 14 n'ọnwa Febụwarị afọ 2014, Waheed bịanyere aka na United S.C. site na George Telegraph S.C.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ranty Martins joins Rangdajied|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-sports/ranty-martins-joins-rangdajied/article5697422.ece|work=The Hindu}}</ref> O mere nke mbụ ya na I-League na 19 n'ọnwa Febụwarị afọ 2014 megide United S.C. na Kalyani Stadium ebe ọ malitere ma kpọọ ruo nkeji nke 88 tupu Jayanta Sen anọchie ya ka United dọtara egwuregwu ahụ 1-1 . <ref>{{Cite web|title=United vs. Mumbai 1-1|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2014/02/19/india/i-league/chirag-united-sc/mumbai-fc/1585390/|work=Soccerway}}</ref> == Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ == {{updated|19 February 2014}}<ref>{{soccerway|waheed-owolabi--adekunle/330774}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |Federation Cup ! colspan="2" |Durand Cup ! colspan="2" |AFC ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- | rowspan="2" |United |2013-14 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | - | - |1 |0 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !1 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !1 !0 |} == Edensibia == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] t3jtuj851d24ggj9eumkimx780u84im 0 75306 632276 2026-05-08T09:36:32Z Johnnybam 24488 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1340262008|Ayo Adejubu]]" 632276 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Ayo Adejubu''' (amụrụ na 16 June 2003) bụ onye Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba ọsọ dị ka onye na-agbachitere ndị otu egwuregwu bọọlụ Nigerian Professional Football League Shooting Stars . == Ọrụ ịgba egwu == Dị ka nwatakịrị, Adejubu ga-apụ na nzuzo iji kirie ndị otu kachasị amasị ya, Sunshine Stars, na-eduzi oge ọzụzụ.<ref name="dreams">{{Cite news|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2021/01/29/npfl-young-adejubu-living-out-his-dreams-at-sunshine-stars/|title=NPFL: Young Adejubu Living out His Dreams at Sunshine Stars|date=21 January 2021|accessdate=28 December 2022|work=[[This Day]]}}</ref> Adejubu buru ụzọ kpọọ otu ndị ntorobịa Sunshine Stars, ngalaba nke atọ nke Akure City, tupu ebuli ya na ngalaba nke mbụ nke Nigerian Professional Football League (NPFL) na Jenụwarị 2019. O mere mpụta mbụ ọkachamara ya na 11 February, na-abịa maka Chibundu Amah na mmeri ụlọ 2–0 meriri Katsina United. Ọ 'na-enwu na mpụta mbụ ya' na otu egwuregwu, wee nweta nlebara anya ọzọ maka arụmọrụ ya na 2019 NPFL/La Liga U15 Promises Tournament.Mgbe oge abụọ gachara, o guzobe onwe ya dị ka akụkụ nke ndị otu mbụ na oge 2020 – 21 NPFL. Na ngwụcha 2021, Adejubu bịanyere aka na Shooting Stars.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://oyoaffairs.net/npfl-2021-2022-3sc-plays-out-1-1-draw-with-akwa-utd-on-match-day-2/|title=NPFL 2021/2022: 3SC Plays Out 1-1 Draw with Akwa Utd on Match Day 2|work=Oyo Affairs|date=26 December 2021|accessdate=21 April 2024}}</ref> N'ọnwa Juun afọ 2022, ọ nwalere ya na Djurgårdens IF U21 na Sweden.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.mozzartsport.co.ke/football/news/frank-odhiambo-in-match-day-squad-for-djurgadens-if-u21-side/17677|title=Frank Odhiambo in match day squad for Djurgadens IF U21 side|work=mozzartsport.co.ke|first=Murimi|author=Njiru|date=13 June 2022|accessdate=28 December 2022}}</ref> Adejubu bịanyere aka na Kwara United tupu Oge NPFL 2023-24. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.ilorin.info/fullnews.php?id=33278|title=NPFL 2023/24 : Kumbi Charges Kwara United Players Ahead Of 2023/2024 Season|work=ilorin.info|date=2 September 2023|accessdate=21 April 2024}}</ref> == Edensibia == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Ayo Adejubun'okporo ụzọ bọọlụ (Ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụ ezie naIhe ndekọ) {{DEFAULTSORT:Adejubu, Ayo}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] a2i9tcixe9z0upy4r9m05kmb8lsibb5 0 75307 632277 2026-05-08T10:34:33Z Johnnybam 24488 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1329709413|Razaq Adegbite]]" 632277 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Razaq Akanni Adegbite''' {{Audio|LL-Q34311 (yor)-Abike25-Razaq Akanni Adegbite.wav|listen}} (amụrụ na 20 Disemba 1992) bụ onye Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba ọsọ dị ka onye na-aga n'ihu. == Ọrụ klọb == Adegbite Razaq malitere egwuregwu bọọlụ ya na ndị ntorobịa Karamon wee sonye Gateway United, tupu ọ banye Enugu Rangers. Razaq nwere nwanne nwoke na-agba bọọlụ ọkachamara na Nigeria Professional League mara dị ka Adegbite Alhameen Adeniyi , onye jikwa Karamon malite ọrụ bọọlụ ntorobịa ya. N'afọ 2012, Enyimba International bịakwutere Enugu Rangers, mana Adegbite kpebiri isonyere Enyimba International, Jomo Cosmos (ikike ọrụ kwụsịtụrụ) wee kwụsị nkwekọrịta ya na Kahramanspor n'ihi enweghị nnabata na nkwekọrịta mbufe wee laghachi na Nigeria ịgbatị nkwekọrịta ya na Enugu Rangers. Ọ gara n'ihu ịbanye na Kano Pillars nkwekọrịta na 2016 na 2017. O sonyeere ụlọ ọrụ Cypriot Doğan Türk Birliği na 2017. N'afọ 2018, ọ bịanyere aka na Primeiro de Agosto na n'afọ 2018-19, a gbazinyere ya Desportivo da Huíla na Premier League nke Angola, Girabola . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://jornaldosdesportos.sapo.ao/23/0/razaq_e_nandinho_em_dvidas|title=Razaq e Nandinho em dúvidas|date=24 Nov 2018|accessdate=22 Dec 2018|work=jornaldosdesportos.sapo.ao|language=pt}}</ref> Razaq sonyeere Desportivo da Huíla na mgbazinye ego na 2019. N'oge ọkọchị nke afọ 2019, ọ sonyeere klọb Tunisia US Tataouine mana ọ hapụrụ klọb ahụ ọnwa ole na ole ka e mesịrị wee laghachi Naịjirịa iji sonye na Sunshine Stars. N'ọnwa Jenụwarị afọ 2020, ọ laghachiri na klọb Turkish Cypriot Doğan Türk Birliği . N'ụbọchị nke abụọ n'ọnwa Nọvemba 2020, a mara ọkwa na Razaq sonyeere otu egwuregwu Premier League nke Hong Kong bụ Happy Valley . == Ọrụ mba ụwa == Razaq enwetala ihe ngosi isii, na-agba goolu atọ maka Nigeria U-17. Rasaq enwetala ihe ngosi asaa, na-agba goolu anọ maka Nigeria U-20. N'afọ 2014, [[Nigeria national football team|Ndị otu bọọlụ mba Naịjirịa]] kpọrọ onye na-agba ọsọ ahụ n'egwuregwu enyi na enyi nke mba ụwa. == CAF Champions League == Ọ pụtara maka Enugu Rangers International FC na 2012-13 CAF Champions League na [[Abá|Enyimba]] na 2013-14 n'otu n'otu. A gbanwere ya na [[Enyimba International F.C.]] mgbe Enyimba chọrọ ya nke ukwuu ma jiri [[Ifeanyi Ede]] dochie ya [[Rangers International F.C.|Ndị Enugu Rangers]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.kpaka2score.com/2012/04/enugu-rangers-enyimba-swap-strikers.html|title=kpaka2score.com|author=Uche George Egbe|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150602015642/http://www.kpaka2score.com/2012/04/enugu-rangers-enyimba-swap-strikers.html|archivedate=2015-06-02}}</ref> == Edensibia ==   == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.savidnews.com/returning-razaq-adegbite-trains-with-enugu-rangers/ Razaq Adegbite laghachiri - Akụkọ Savid] * Razaq Adegbiten'okporo ụzọ bọọlụ [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] mtl6vfreffs153evycbvwupqk1zwfcw 0 75308 632278 2026-05-08T10:48:42Z Johnnybam 24488 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1152458177|Adewale Adegoke]]" 632278 wikitext text/x-wiki Adewale Adegoke bụ onye njikwa egwuregwu bọọlụ Naịjirịa bụ onye chịburu otu egwuregwu bọọlụ Naịjirịa site n'afọ 1950 ruo 1952. Ọ bụ onye njikwa nke abụọ n'otu mba Naịjirịa, bụrụkwa onye Naijiria mbụ mere ya. == Edensibia == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /> 67usvdtjq2540i5nbw9u3j7xz7petm6 0 75309 632279 2026-05-08T10:59:37Z Goodymaraj 21567 Jiri ''''Marwan Abobakr''', onye a maara aha ya dụ Skarone, bụ onye [[Egypt]] na-ede abụ na onye na-ege egwú.<ref>{{Cite web|title=كافيه شو - skarone : نحو جيل جديد من موسيقى الراب العربي|url=https://www.mc-doualiya.com/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%AC/%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%87-%D8%B4%D9%88/20260422-%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D9%86%D8%AD%D9%88-%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%84-%D8%AC%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AF-%D9%85%D9%86-%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%89...' kere ihü 632279 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marwan Abobakr''', onye a maara aha ya dụ Skarone, bụ onye [[Egypt]] na-ede abụ na onye na-ege egwú.<ref>{{Cite web|title=كافيه شو - skarone : نحو جيل جديد من موسيقى الراب العربي|url=https://www.mc-doualiya.com/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%AC/%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%87-%D8%B4%D9%88/20260422-%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D9%86%D8%AD%D9%88-%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%84-%D8%AC%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AF-%D9%85%D9%86-%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%89-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A|work=مونت كارلو الدولية / MCD|date=2026-04-22|accessdate=2026-05-08|language=ar}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=المغني Skarone يضع اللمسات الأخيرة على ألبومه الجديد "سما وأرض"|url=https://www.masrawy.com/arts/zoom/details/2022/12/19/2341910/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%BA%D9%86%D9%8A-skarone-%D9%8A%D8%B6%D8%B9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AE%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%A3%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%85%D9%87-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AF-%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7-%D9%88%D8%A3%D8%B1%D8%B6-|work=مصراوي.كوم|accessdate=2026-05-08|language=ar}}</ref>Na 2019, o kọrọ akụkọ banyere ''Urbanice Talent Battle'' nke MNM Radio haziri.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Radio station MNM joins the search for new talent|url=https://www.essers.com/news/article/radio-station-mnm-joins-the-search-for-new-talent/|work=H.Essers|accessdate=2026-05-08|language=en-US|author=H.Essers}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Skarone .. كل ما تريد معرفته عن سكاروان متصدر التريند "فيديوجراف"|url=https://www.elbalad.news/5557658|work=صدى البلد|date=2022-12-07|accessdate=2026-05-08|language=ar-eg}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=VDL NEWS|url=https://www.vdlnews.com/Default.aspx|work=www.vdlnews.com|accessdate=2026-05-08}}</ref> {{Databox|useImage=Skarone}} Na 2022, ikpo okwu egwu zuru ụwa ọnụ Spotify kpughere kpakpando ọhụrụ nke RADAR na Middle East na North Africa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=الرابر Skarone: أعبر عن جيل الراب بالموسيقى والبوم «يا دنيا» حقق نجاحًا باهرا|url=https://www.ngmisr.com/arab-news/opinion/skarone|work=www.ngmisr.com|date=2022-08-13|accessdate=2026-05-08|language=ar}}</ref> Gụnyere onye na-agụ egwú ljipt Skarone, Ya Donya bụ otu n'ime egwu ya kacha aga nke ọma.<ref>{{Cite web|title=سكاروان Skarone يستعد لطرح ألبومه الجديد "سما وأرض"|url=https://addiyar.com/article/2063982-%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86-skarone-%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%AF-%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%B1%D8%AD-%D8%A3%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%85%D9%87-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AF-%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7-%D9%88%D8%A3%D8%B1%D8%B6|work=Addiyar|date=2023-01-03|accessdate=2026-05-08}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=سكاروان يكشف تفاصيل ألبومه الجديد "سما وأرض"|url=https://www.alwatanvoice.com/arabic/news/2023/01/07/1505580.html|work=دنيا الوطن|date=2023-01-07|accessdate=2026-05-08|language=ar}}</ref> Ọ gara n'ihu wepụta ọtụtụ ndị otu, gụnyere El Donya De Nar na Mesh Fayek, ha abụọ ghọrọ abụ iri ise kacha ewu ewu na Ultratop 50.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Skarone Biography, Music, Videos, Booking|url=https://profileability.com/skarone/|work=ProfileAbility|date=2023-07-10|accessdate=2026-05-08|language=en-GB|author=ProfileAbility}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=بعد فترة غياب.. مطرب الراب مروان أبوبكر يكشف تفاصيل ألبومه الجديد|url=https://www.almasryalyoum.com/news/details/2747229|work=المصري اليوم|date=2022-11-20|accessdate=2026-05-08|language=ar|author=بسام رمضان}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=بعد فترة غياب.. مطرب الراب مروان أبوبكر يكشف تفاصيل ألبومه الجديد|url=https://gate.ahram.org.eg/News/3834730.aspx|work=بوابة الأهرام|accessdate=2026-05-08|language=ar}}</ref> == Discography == === Albums === * Ya Donya * Sama W Arad === Singles === * Darbaka * Servayvl * C.P.R * Al Donya De Nar * LAHAB * MESH FAYIQ * The Capital * 17 Sama == Edemsibja == <references /> [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 551xgzxp656roskyad1i53zt0gss291 0 75310 632282 2026-05-08T11:24:12Z NiferO 20385 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1297204828|David Adiele]]" 632282 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Navboxes|title=Nigeria squads|bg=#008751|fg=white|bordercolor=#00703C|list={{Nigeria squad 1980 African Cup of Nations}} {{Nigeria football squad 1980 Summer Olympics}}}}'''David Adiele''' bụ onye Naijiria bụbu onye egwuregwu bọọlụ gbagoro dịka onye mgbachitere ndị otu mba Naijiria na ma asọmpi afọ 1980 Summer Olympics na 1980 African Cup of Nations. == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20200418081852/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ad/david-adiele-1.html Profaịlụ Nkwupụta Egwuregwu] * David Adiele-FIFAndekọ asọmpi (echekwara) {{Navboxes|title=Nigeria squads|bg=#008751|fg=white|bordercolor=#00703C|list={{Nigeria squad 1980 African Cup of Nations}} {{Nigeria football squad 1980 Summer Olympics}}}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] j30ngb2rnhactscy4r2be9v1e8mxy90 0 75311 632288 2026-05-08T11:46:16Z NiferO 20385 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1343119432|Theophilus Afelokhai]]" 632288 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Reflist}}'''Joel Theophilus Afelokhai''' (amụrụ n'ụbọchị nke 7 n'ọnwa Eprel n'afọ 1988) bụ [[Ndị Naijiria|Onye Naijiria]] na-eche goolu na Rivers United nke Nigeria Professional Football League (NPFL). Tupu ọ gbaa [[Footbọl|bọọlụ]] maka Rivers United, Afelokhai gbara bọọlụ na Kano Pillars na [[Enyimba International F.C.|Enyimba]].<ref>{{Cite news|date=11 January 2017|title=Afelokhai sparks off fight for shirt at Enyimba|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/01/afelokhai-sparks-off-fight-shirt-enyimba/|work=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Afelokhai sonyeere Rivers United site na Enyimba n'afọ 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Alao|first=Seyi|date=26 August 2020|title=Rivers United confirms the signing of Afelokhai and Anaemena from Enyimba|url=https://www.brila.net/rivers-united-confirms-the-signing-of-afelokhai-and-anaemena-from-enyimba/|accessdate=30 April 2024|work=Brila}}</ref> Ọ ghọrọ onye na-agba bọọlụ a na-akwụ ụgwọ kachasị elu na Nigeria Professional Football League . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://spnafricanews.com/most-expensive-npfl-star-afelokhai-speaks-on-rivers-united-switch|title=Most expensive NPFL star, Afelokhai speaks on Rivers United switch|work=spnafricanews.com|date=8 September 2020}}</ref> Na 2021-2022 NPFL title, ọ meriri ya nke asaa Nigerian League title dị ka onye egwuregwu na Rivers United. Afelokhai na-anọchi anya klọb ya na asọmpi kọntinent Africa gụnyere ma CAF Champions League, [1] na CAF Confederation Cup. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2021/10/24/africa/caf-champions-league/al-hilal-omdurman/rivers-united/3617503|title=AL HILAL OMDURMAN VS. RIVERS UNITED 1 - 0|work=Int.Soccerway}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2021/11/28/africa/caf-confederation-cup/rivers-united/el-masry/3689603|title=RIVERS UNITED VS. AL MASRY 2-1|work=int.soccerway}}</ref> == Ọrụ mba ụwa == Afelokhai nwetara ọkpụkpọ oku mbụ ya na ndị otu egwuregwu bọọlụ Naịjirịa n'afọ 2018 ka mmerụ ahụ mechara bụrụ Francis Uzoho bụ onye mbụ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en-ng/amp/news/enyimbas-theophilus-afelokhai-replaces-uzoho-for-south/4n0g0e32f05o1pox3k10wmu4o|title=Enyimba's Theophilus Afelokhai replaces Uzoho for South Africa, Uganda clashes|work=Goal.com}}</ref> Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị otu Naịjirịa maka 2018 African Nations Championship, mana ọ nọ n'elu oche ka ha meriri 4-0 na ngwụcha na Morocco na Stade Mohammed V na Casablanca.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en-ng/amp/news/chan-2018-nigeria-announce-23-man-squad/11b7tyc0una9d1fanyelhyii0r|title=CHAN 2018: Nigeria announce 23-man squad|work=Goal.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2018/02/04/africa/african-nations-championship/morocco/nigeria/2687069/|title=MOROCCO VS. NIGERIA 4-0|work=int.soccerway.com}}</ref> == Nsọpụrụ == '''Onye mmeri''' '''Ogidi Kano''' * NPFL: 2011-2012, 2012-2013, 2013-2014 '''[[Enyimba International F.C.|Enyimba F.C.]]''' * NPFL: 2019 '''Osimiri United''' * NPFL: 2021-2022 == Edensibia ==    == Njikọ mpụga == * Theophilus Afelokhain'okporo ụzọ bọọlụ [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 28oqmz0lijqfcguqyyrr9vnqq95z16v 0 75312 632311 2026-05-08T11:57:38Z NiferO 20385 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1341839471|Alhameen Adeniyi Adegbite]]" 632311 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Multiple issues/styles.css"></templatestyles> <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles> <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />'''Alhameen Adeniyi Adegbite''' {{Audio|LL-Q34311 (yor)-Abike25-Alhameen Adeniyi Adegbite.wav|listen}} (amụrụ n'ọnwa Septemba 22, afọ 2001) bụ onye Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba ọsọ dị ka onye na-agbachitere klọb Nigeria Professional league Remo Stars. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Nigeria 2021/22|url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesn/nig2022.html|accessdate=2022-05-01|work=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-05-08|title=Alhameen Adegbite Stars In Remo Stars Loss To Abia Warriors. - Soccerhub|url=https://soccerhub.com.ng/alhameen-adegbite-stars-in-remo-stars-loss-to-abia-warriors/|accessdate=2022-05-08|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Alhameen Adegite bidoro njem bọọlụ ya na agụmakwụkwọ Karamone tupu ọ gafere na Remo Stars n'oge ezumike etiti oge, n'akụkụ Sikiru Alimi. N'oge mbụ ọ gbara n'ụlọ n'ụbọchị egwuregwu nke 26 nke Oge NPFL nke 2021-22, ọ gbara nkeji iri itoolu niile.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-03-31|title=NPFL: Remo Stars Unveils Sikiru Ahead Of Season Restart|url=https://en.africatopsports.com/2022/03/31/npfl-remo-stars-unveils-sikiru-ahead-of-season-restart/|accessdate=2023-03-24|work=Africa Top Sports|language=en-US}}</ref> Alhameen bụ onye ama ama maka ike ịwakpo ya wee mee mpụta mbụ ya maka Remo Stars na mmeri ụlọ ha 1–0 megide Wikki Tourists. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Football: Alhameen Adeniyi Adegbite|url=https://www.soccer24.com/player/adegbite-alhameen-adeniyi/YHpUTf3e/|accessdate=2022-05-01|work=www.soccer24.com|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-05-02|title=Remo Stars complete season double over Wikki Tourists|url=https://www.thenicheng.com/remo-stars-complete-season-double-over-wikki-tourists/|accessdate=2022-05-05|work=TheNiche|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-05-02|title=Remo Stars complete season double over Wikki Tourists|url=https://npfl.ng/remo-stars-complete-season-double-over-wikki-tourists/|accessdate=2022-05-08|work=Nigeria Professional Football League|language=en-US}}</ref> Ọ gbara goolu mbụ ya na NPFL na mmeri 3-2 megide Kastina United. <ref>{{Cite news|date=2022-06-26|title=NPFL Round-Up: Relegation looms for MFM, another unprofessional act committed in Katsina - Premium Times Nigeria|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/sports/football/539382-npfl-round-up-relegation-looms-for-mfm-another-unprofessional-act-committed-in-katsina.html,%20https://www.premiumtimesng.com/sports/football/539382-npfl-round-up-relegation-looms-for-mfm-another-unprofessional-act-committed-in-katsina.html|accessdate=2022-06-30|language=en-GB|work=[[Premium Times]]}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 2j0q1jr92uetgwjbiick3m6fzzp4wg9