Wikipedia igwiki https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ihu_mb%E1%BB%A5 MediaWiki 1.48.0-wmf.1 first-letter Midia Ọpụrụiche Ńkàtá Ojiarụ Ńkàtá ojiarụ Wikipedia Ńkàtá Wikipedia Faịlụ Ńkàtá faịlụ MidiaWiki Ńkàtá MidiaWiki Templeeti Ńkàtá templeeti Enyemaka Ńkàtá enyemaka Otú Ńkàtá otú Édēchághị́ Ńkàtá Édēchághị́ TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk Johann Sebastian Bach 0 10731 742095 108389 2026-10-30T20:45:00Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 742095 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Usòrò:Johann_Sebastian_Bach_signature.svg|center|frameless| Mbinye aka Bach]] [[Usòrò:Bachsiegel.svg|thumb| Akara Bach: "JSB" nwere okpueze n'elu]] '''Johann Sebastian Bach''' (Mach 21, 1685 - Julaị 28, 1750) bụ onye German dere oge Baroque. A na -ewere ya na ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị egwu kachasị n'akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ọdịda anyanwụ. Bach nwere mmetụta n'ahụ ndị na -agụ egwu dịka Mozart, Beethoven, na Wagner, ọ welitere egwu nke oge ya na ọkwa kacha mma. A maara egwu Bach maka ịma mma, ọkaibe, amamiihe, ọgụgụ isi na ike mmetụta uche. N'ihi àgwà egwu ya, ndị ọkachamara na -agụ egwu na -akpọkarị ya onye kacha agụ egwu n'akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ. A na -eme egwu Bach, na -amụ ma na -anụ ụtọ ya n'ụwa niile.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bach, Johann Sebastian|url=https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-6002278195|work=Grove Music Online|accessdate=2021-08-14|doi=10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-6002278195|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=J.S. Bach Biography {{!}}|url=https://www.biographyonline.net/music/j-s-bach.html|work=Biography Online|accessdate=2021-08-14|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Johann Sebastian Bach: a detailed informative biography|url=http://www.baroquemusic.org/biojsbach.html|work=www.baroquemusic.org|accessdate=2021-08-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210814104959/https://baroquemusic.org/biojsbach.html|archive-date=2021-08-14|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>http://www.classical.net/music/comp.lst/bachjs.php</ref><ref>https://artsandculture.google.com/entity/johann-sebastian-bach/m03_f0?categoryid=historical-figure</ref><ref>https://www.bach-cantatas.com/index.htm</ref> ==Ebenside== <references /> [[Òtù:Jémanị]] [[Òtù:Madu]] nmgtx4cq2ekrf7ujd89u3px2f07zv8a Kapama Game Reserve 0 11649 742106 92545 2026-10-30T23:07:56Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 742106 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kapama Game Reserve''' (tọrọ ntọala 1993) bụ hectare 13,000 nwere ihe nchekwa okike nkeonwe na mpaghara Limpopo nke [[South Africa]] . <ref name="SA-Venues">{{Cite web|publisher=SA-Venues|title=The Kapama Game Reserve|url=http://www.sa-venues.com/game-reserves/np_kapama.htm|accessdate=30 November 2009}}</ref> Ọ bụ “Johann Roode” tọrọ ntọala ya, onye zụtara ala ahụ maka ịzụ ehi na mbụ mana ọ ghọtara na ọ dị mkpa ka a na-edobe ihe ndị dị n'ime ime obodo. N'oge na-adịghị anya, ọ malitere ịmalite mpaghara ahụ dị ka mpaghara njem nlegharị anya na ebe nchekwa ahụ ka bụ nke ezinụlọ Roode ugbu a. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.kapama.com/|title=Private luxury safari game lodge with accommodation and spa|work=Kapama|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-04-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190401163454/https://www.kapama.com/|archive-date=2019-04-01|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} dlmwo0ct7xqrydt8u1prronkz4tn5yx Google 0 11729 742080 727748 2026-10-30T12:05:48Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 742080 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Usòrò:Logo9w.png|thumb|Google logo]] {{Infobox company|name=Google LLC|founders={{Unbulle{{Infobox company|name=Google LLC|founders={{Unbulleted list | [[Larry Page]] | [[Sergey Brin]] }}|website={{URL|https://www.google.com/|google.com}}|parent=[[Alphabet Inc.]]|products=[[List of Google products|List of products]]|key_people={{Unbulleted list | [[Sundar Pichai]] ([[Chief executive officer|CEO]]) | [[Ruth Porat]] ([[Chief financial officer|CFO]]) | [[Thomas Kurian]] ([[Chief executive office|CEO]], [[Google Cloud Platform]]) | [[Prabhakar Raghavan]] ([[Senior Vice President|SVP]], search, ads, and e-commerce)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Langley |first=Hugh |date=11 May 2021 |title=Prabhakar Raghavan is the surprisingly powerful exec running Google's most important businesses. Insiders describe how he went from wonky Stanford professor to CEO Sundar Pichai's most trusted lieutenant at record speed. |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/google-head-of-search-prabhakar-raghavan-ceo-sundar-pichai-alphabet-2021-5 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20210511195507/https://www.businessinsider.com/google-head-of-search-prabhakar-raghavan-ceo-sundar-pichai-alphabet-2021-5 |archive-date=11 May 2021 |website=Business Insider}}</ref> }}|area_served=Worldwide|hq_location_country=U.S.|hq_location_city=[[Mountain View, California]]|hq_location=[[Googleplex|1600 Amphitheatre Parkway]]|founded={{Start date and age|1998|09|04}}{{efn|Google was incorporated on September 4, 1998, however, since 2002, the company has celebrated its anniversaries on various days in September, most frequently on September 27.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Fitzpatrick |first=Alex |date=September 4, 2014 |title=Google Used to Be the Company That Did 'Nothing But Search' |url=https://time.com/3250807/google-anniversary/ |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |access-date=February 24, 2022 |archive-date=October 16, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191016175103/https://time.com/3250807/google-anniversary/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Telegraph Reporters |date=September 27, 2019 |title=When is Google's birthday – and why are people confused? |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/2019/09/27/when-is-googles-21st-birthday-doodle/ |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/2019/09/27/when-is-googles-21st-birthday-doodle/ |archive-date=2022-01-10 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |website=[[The Daily Telegraph|The Telegraph]]}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Griffin |first=Andrew |date=September 27, 2019 |title=Google birthday: The one big problem with the company's celebratory doodle |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/google-birthday-surprise-spinner-date-problem-start-company-a7968951.html |website=[[The Independent]] |access-date=February 24, 2022 |archive-date=January 12, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210112103548/https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/google-birthday-surprise-spinner-date-problem-start-company-a7968951.html |url-status=dead}}</ref> The shift in dates reportedly happened to celebrate index-size milestones in tandem with the birthday.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Wray |first=Richard |date=September 5, 2008 |title=Happy birthday Google |url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2008/sep/05/google.mediabusiness |website=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref>}} in [[Menlo Park, California|Menlo Park]], [[California]], United States|logo=Google 2015 logo.svg|industry={{Unbulle}}|area_served=Worldwide|hq_location_country=U.S.|hq_location_city=[[Mountain View, California]]|hq_location=[[Googleplex|1600 Amphitheatre Parkway]]|founded={{Start date and age|1998|09|04}}{{efn|Google was incorporated on September 4, 1998, however, since 2002, the company has celebrated its anniversaries on various days in September, most frequently on September 27.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Fitzpatrick |first=Alex |date=September 4, 2014 |title=Google Used to Be the Company That Did 'Nothing But Search' |url=https://time.com/3250807/google-anniversary/ |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |access-date=February 24, 2022 |archive-date=October 16, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191016175103/https://time.com/3250807/google-anniversary/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Telegraph Reporters |date=September 27, 2019 |title=When is Google's birthday – and why are people confused? |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/2019/09/27/when-is-googles-21st-birthday-doodle/ |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/2019/09/27/when-is-googles-21st-birthday-doodle/ |archive-date=2022-01-10 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |website=[[The Daily Telegraph|The Telegraph]]}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Griffin |first=Andrew |date=September 27, 2019 |title=Google birthday: The one big problem with the company's celebratory doodle |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/google-birthday-surprise-spinner-date-problem-start-company-a7968951.html |website=[[The Independent]] |access-date=February 24, 2022 |archive-date=January 12, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210112103548/https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/google-birthday-surprise-spinner-date-problem-start-company-a7968951.html |url-status=dead}}</ref> The shift in dates reportedly happened to celebrate index-size milestones in tandem with the birthday.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Wray |first=Richard |date=September 5, 2008 |title=Happy birthday Google |url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2008/sep/05/google.mediabusiness |website=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref>}} in [[Menlo Park, California|Menlo Park]], [[California]], United States|logo=Google 2015 logo.svg|industry={{Unbulleted list | [[Artificial intelligence]] | [[Advertising]] | [[Cloud computing]] | [[Computer software]] | [[Computer hardware]] | [[Internet]] }}|type=[[Subsidiary]] ([[Limited liability company|LLC]])|former_name=Google Inc. (1998–2017)|image_caption=Google's headquarters, the [[Googleplex]]|image_size=250px|image=Googleplex HQ (cropped).jpg|logo_caption=Logo {{as of|2015|lc=y|since=y}}|logo_alt=Each letter of "Google" is colored (from left to right) in blue, red, yellow, blue, green, and red.|logo_size=|footnotes=<ref>{{Cite web |date=January 16, 2015 |title=Company – Google |url=https://www.google.com/intl/en/about/company/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150116073513/https://www.google.com/intl/en/about/company/ |archive-date=January 16, 2015 |access-date=September 13, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Claburn |first=Thomas |date=September 24, 2008 |title=Google Founded By Sergey Brin, Larry Page... And Hubert Chang?!? |url=https://www.informationweek.com/applications/google-founded-by-sergey-brin-larry-page-and-hubert-chang!/d/d-id/1072309 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110628231125/http://www.informationweek.com/news/internet/google/210603678 |archive-date=June 28, 2011 |access-date=January 22, 2017 |website=[[InformationWeek]] |publisher=[[UBM plc]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Locations— Google Jobs |url=https://www.google.com/about/jobs/locations/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130930200600/http://www.google.com/about/jobs/locations/ |archive-date=September 30, 2013 |access-date=September 27, 2013}}</ref>}} [[Usòrò:Schmidt-Brin-Page-20080520.jpg|alt=Eric Schmidt, Sergey Brin, and Larry Page sitting together|thumb| Mgbe ahụ-CEO, na onye bụbu onye isi oche nke Google Eric Schmidt ya na ndị ọrụ nhazi Sergey Brin na Larry Page (aka ekpe gaa n'aka nri) na 2008]] '''Gogulu LLC''' bụ ụlọ ọrụ nkà na ụzụ mba Amerika nke na-ahụ maka ọrụ na ngwaahịa metụtara [[Intanet|ịntanetị,]] nke gụnyere “search engine” , teknụzụ mgbasa ozi n'ịntanetị, igwe ojii, ngwanrọ na ngwaike. A na-ewere ụlọ ọrụ nne na nna Gogulu Alphabet Inc. dị ka otu n'ime ụlọ ọrụ teknụzụ ozi gbasara Big Five Amerika, n'akụkụ Amazon, Apulu, Meta na Maikrosoftu . E hiwere Gogulu na Septemba 4, 1998, site na Larry Page na Sergey Brin mgbe ha bụ Ph.D. ụmụ akwụkwọ na Mahadum Stanford dị na mba Kalifonia. Ha niile nwere ihe dịka 14% nke oha oke ahia depụtara n'ihu ọha ma na-achịkwa 56% nke ikike ịtụ vootu site na ngwaahịa ịtụ vootu. Ulo ọrụ ahụ gara ọha site na onyinye ọha mbụ (IPO) na 2004. N'afọ 2015, a haziri Gogulu ka ọ bụrụ ihe enyemaka nke Alphabet Inc. . Gogulu bụ enyemaka Alphabet kachasị na ọ bụ ụlọ ọrụ na-ejide ihe onwunwe na mmasị ịntanetị nke Alphabet. A họpụtara Sundar Pichai onye isi ala Gogulu na Ọktoba 24, 2015, nọchiri Larry Page, onye ghọrọ onye isi nke Alphabet. Na Disemba 3, 2019, Pichai ghọkwara onye isi ala Alphabet. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Feiner|first=Lauren|date=3 December 2019|title=Larry Page steps down as CEO of Alphabet, Sundar Pichai to take over|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2019/12/03/larry-page-steps-down-as-ceo-of-alphabet.html|accessdate=16 June 2021|work=CNBC|language=en}}</ref> Na 2021, e hiwere Alphabet Workers Union, nke ndị ọrụ Gogulu mejupụtara. <ref>{{Cite web|date=January 4, 2021|title=Google employees are forming a union|url=https://www.androidpolice.com/2021/01/04/google-employees-are-forming-a-union/|accessdate=January 25, 2021|work=Android Police}}</ref> Mmụba ngwa ngwa nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ebe ọ bụ na ntinye aha gụnyere ngwaahịa, nnweta, na mmekọrịta karịrị Gogulu isi search engine, (Gogulu Saachi). Ọ na-enye ọrụ emebere maka ọrụ na nrụpụta (Gogulu Doks ,Gogulu Shiits , na Gogulu Slaidis) , email ( Gmail ), nhazi oge na njikwa oge ( Gogulu kalenda ), nchekwa igwe ojii ( Gogulu draivu), ozi ngwa ngwa na nkata vidiyo ( Gogulu Duo, Chat Gogulu, na Nzukọ Gogulu ), nsụgharị asụsụ ( Gogulu transleti), maapụ na igodo ( [[Google Maps|Gogulu Maps]], Waze, Gogulu Earth, na View Street ), Bochum pọdkastị ( Pọdkastị Google ), nkesa vidiyo ( YouTube ), mbipụta blọgụ ( Blogger ), ihe ndetu ( Gogulu kiipu na jamboodu, na nhazi foto na edezi ( Foto Gogulu). Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na-eduga mmepe nke sistemụ mkpanaka mkpanaka Android, ihe nchọgharị weebụ “Gogulu Kromu na Kromu OS (dị arọ, sistemụ arụmọrụ nke dabere na isi mmalite “Chromium OS”nke na-emepe emepe). Gogulu abanyela na-arịwanye elu n'ime ngwaike; site na 2010 ruo 2015, ya na ndị isi na-emepụta ngwá elektronik na mmepụta nke Gogulu Nexus ngwaọrụ, na ọ wepụtara otutu ngwaike ngwaahịa na 2016, gụnyere Gogulu pikzelakara nke ekwenti ulo Gogulu smart ọkà okwu, Gogulu Wifi ntupu wireless rawụta. Gogulu anwalelakwa ịghọ onye na-ebu ịntanetị (Google Fiber na Google Fi) Gogulu.com bụ webụsaịtị a kacha eleta n'ụwa niile. Ọtụtụ webụsaịtị Gogulu nwere nokwana nandepụta weebụsaịtị kachasị ewu ewu gụnyere “YouTube na Blogger”. <ref name="topsites">{{Cite web|title=The top 500 sites on the web|url=https://www.alexa.com/topsites|publisher=[[Alexa Internet]]|accessdate=2022-02-24|archivedate=2015-03-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150302173920/https://www.alexa.com/topsites}}</ref> Nandepụta nke ụdị kachasị ọnụ ahịa, Gogulu na-ahọrọ nke abụọ site na Forbes <ref>{{Cite web|title=THE WORLD'S VALUABLE BRANDS|url=https://www.forbes.com/the-worlds-most-valuable-brands/|work=[[Forbes]]}}</ref> na nke anọ site na Interbrand. <ref>{{Cite web|title=BEST GLOBAL BRANDS|url=https://interbrand.com/best-global-brands/|publisher=Interbrand}}</ref>O natala nnukwu nkatọ metụtara okwu ndị dị kanchegbu nzuzo,izere ụtụ isi, nnyocha,nnọpụiche ọchụchọ, mgbochi ntụkwasị obi na iji ọnọdụ naanị ya eme ihe. == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == === Afọ mbụ === [[Usòrò:Google_page_brin.jpg|alt=|áká_èkpè|thumb| Larry Page na Sergey Brin n'afọ 2003]] Gogulu malitere na Jenụwarị 1996 dịka ọrụ nyocha nke Larry Page na Sergey Brin mere mgbe ha abụọ bụ ụmụ akwụkwọ PhD na Mahadum Stanford dị na mba Kalifonia. <ref name="howwestarted"/> <ref name="Coronabook">{{Cite book|author=Brezina|first=Corona|title=Sergey Brin, Larry Page, Eric Schmidt, and Google|url=https://archive.org/details/sergeybrinlarryp0000brez|publisher=Rosen Publishing Group|year=2013|isbn=9781448869114|edition=1st|location=New York|pages=[https://archive.org/details/sergeybrinlarryp0000brez/page/18 18]}}</ref> <ref name="milestones">{{Cite web|title=Our history in depth|url=https://www.google.com/about/company/history/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120401005940/http://www.google.com/about/company/history/|archivedate=April 1, 2012|accessdate=July 15, 2017|work=Google Company}}</ref>Na mbu, oru a metụtara onye na-akwadoghị "onye nchoputa nke atọ", Scott Hassan, onye mmemme mbu onye dere ọtụtụ gbasara koduu maka mbụ “Google Search engine” , ma ọ hapụrụ tupu Gogulu enwe ntọala dị ka ụlọ ọrụ; <ref name="vanityfair">{{Cite web|author=Fisher|first=Adam|date=July 10, 2018|title=Brin, Page, and Mayer on the Accidental Birth of the Company that Changed Everything|url=https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2018/07/valley-of-genius-excerpt-google|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190704184309/https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2018/07/valley-of-genius-excerpt-google|archivedate=July 4, 2019|accessdate=August 23, 2019|work=[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]]}}</ref> Hassan gara n'ihu ịchụso ọrụ na “robotics” wee hiwe ụlọ ọrụ “Willow Garage” na 2006. <ref>{{Cite news|date=September 5, 2014|title=Willow Garage Founder Scott Hassan Aims To Build A Startup Village|work=[[IEEE Spectrum]]|url=https://spectrum.ieee.org/view-from-the-valley/at-work/start-ups/willow-garage-founder-scott-hassan-aims-to-build-a-startup-village|accessdate=September 1, 2019}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|author=D'Onfro|first=Jillian|date=February 13, 2016|title=How a billionaire who wrote Google's original code created a robot revolution|work=[[Business Insider]]|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/a-look-back-at-willow-garage-2016-2|accessdate=August 24, 2019}}</ref> Ọ bụ ezie na engines ọchụchọ ndị a na-ahụkarị na-ahọrọ nsonaazụ site n'ịgụ ugboro ole okwu ọchụchọ pụtara na ibe, ha chepụtara maka usoro ka mma nke nyochara mmekọrịta dị n'etiti weebụsaịtị. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Page|first=Lawrence|authorlink=Larry Page|date=November 11, 1999|title=The PageRank Citation Ranking: Bringing Order to the Web|url=http://ilpubs.stanford.edu:8090/422/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091118014915/http://ilpubs.stanford.edu:8090/422/|archivedate=November 18, 2009|work=Stanford University}}</ref> Ha na-akpọ nke a algọridim “PageRank” ; o kpebiri mkpaweebụsaịtịna ọnụọgụ ibe, yana mkpa nke ibe ndị ahụ jikọtara azụ na saịtị mbụ. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Helpful products. For everyone.|url=https://about.google/products/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100210175913/http://www.google.com/corporate/tech.html|archivedate=February 10, 2010|work=Google, Inc.}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Page|first=Larry|authorlink=Larry Page|date=August 18, 1997|title=PageRank: Bringing Order to the Web|url=http://ilpubs.stanford.edu:8090/422/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20020506051802/http://www-diglib.stanford.edu/cgi-bin/WP/get/SIDL-WP-1997-0072?1|archivedate=May 6, 2002|accessdate=November 27, 2010|work=Stanford Digital Library Project}}</ref> Page gwara Hassan echiche ya, onye malitere ide koduu iji mejuputa echiche Page. <ref name="vanityfair"/> Page na Brin kpọburu aha ihe nchọta ọhụrụ ahụ “BackRub”n'ihi na sistemụ ahụ lere “backlinks” iji chọpụta mkpa saịtị dị. <ref name="howwestarted"/> <ref>{{Cite news|author=Battelle|first=John|date=August 2005|title=The Birth of Google|work=Wired|url=https://www.wired.com/wired/archive/13.08/battelle.html|accessdate=October 12, 2010}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Backrub search engine at Stanford University|url=http://huron.stanford.edu|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/19961224105215/http://huron.stanford.edu/|archivedate=December 24, 1996|accessdate=March 12, 2011}}</ref> Page na Brin kpọrọ Hassan na Alan Steremberg dị ka ndị dị mkpa maka mmepe Gogulu. Rajeev Motwani na Terry Winograd mechara dekọọ Page na Brin akwụkwọ mbụ gbasara ọrụ ahụ, na-akọwa PageRank na ụdị mbụ nke igwe nchọta Gogulu, nke e bipụtara na 1998. A kpọtụrụ Héctor García-Molina na Jeff Ullman ka ndị nyere aka na ọrụ ahụ. <ref name="originalpaper">{{Cite journal|author=Brin|first=Sergey|authorlink=Sergey Brin|year=1998|title=The anatomy of a large-scale hypertextual Web search engine|url=http://infolab.stanford.edu/pub/papers/google.pdf|journal=Computer Networks and ISDN Systems|volume=30|issue=1–7|pages=107–117|doi=10.1016/S0169-7552(98)00110-X|issn=0169-7552|accessdate=April 7, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150927004511/http://infolab.stanford.edu/pub/papers/google.pdf|archive-date=September 27, 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> PageRank na-emetụta otu ibe-nhazi na saịtị-akara algọridim na mbụ ejiri mee ihe maka RankDex, nke Robin Li mepụtara na 1996, na Larry Page's PageRank patenti gụnyere ntinye aka na patenti RankDex mbụ nke Li; Li mechara mepụta igwe nchọta ndị China Baidu . <ref>{{Cite web|title="About: RankDex"|url=http://www.rankdex.com/about.html|accessdate=September 29, 2010|archivedate=February 2, 2012|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/659XSbLCF?url=http://www.rankdex.com/about.html}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Method for node ranking in a linked database|url=https://www.google.com/patents/US6285999|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151015185034/http://www.google.com/patents/US6285999|archivedate=October 15, 2015|accessdate=October 19, 2015|publisher=Google Patents}}</ref> Ka ana aga, ha gbanwere aha ''Gogulu'' ; aha nke search engine bụ egwuregwu na okwu ''googol ,'' <ref name="howwestarted">{{Cite web|title=How we started and where we are today - Google|url=https://about.google/our-story/|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20200422134018/https://about.google/our-story/|archivedate=April 22, 2020|accessdate=April 24, 2021|work=about.google|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Koller|first=David|date=January 2004|title=Origin of the name "Google"|url=http://graphics.stanford.edu/~dk/google_name_origin.html|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/68ubHzYs7?url=http://graphics.stanford.edu/~dk/google_name_origin.html|archivedate=July 4, 2012|work=Stanford University}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|author=Hanley|first=Rachael|date=February 12, 2003|title=From Googol to Google|work=The Stanford Daily|publisher=Stanford University|url=http://www.stanforddaily.com/2003/02/12/from-googol-to-google|accessdate=February 15, 2010|archive-date=March 27, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100327141327/http://www.stanforddaily.com/2003/02/12/from-googol-to-google|url-status=dead}}</ref> ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke edere '''10 <sup>100</sup>''' (1 sochiri 100 zeros), họrọ iji gosi na e bu n'obi na search engine iji nye nnukwu. ọnụọgụgụ ozi. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Google! Beta website|url=https://www.google.com/company.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/19990221202430/https://www.google.com/company.html|archivedate=February 21, 1999|accessdate=October 12, 2010|work=Google, Inc.}}</ref> Edebanyere aha ngalaba aha <code>www.google.com</code> na Septemba 15, 1997, <ref>{{Cite web|title=Google.com WHOIS, DNS, & Domain Info - DomainTools|url=https://whois.domaintools.com/google.com|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160314084453/http://whois.domaintools.com/google.com|archivedate=March 14, 2016|work=[[WHOIS]]}}</ref> na ewebata ụlọ ọrụ na Septemba 4, 1998. Ọ dabere na ebe a na-adọba ụgbọala nke Susan Wojcicki <ref name="milestones"/> na Menlo Park, Kalifonia Craig Silverstein, nwa akwụkwọ ibe PhD na Stanford, goro dị ka onye ọrụ mbụ. <ref name="milestones" /> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Craig Silverstein's website|url=http://www-cs-students.stanford.edu/~csilvers/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/19991002122809/http://www-cs-students.stanford.edu/~csilvers/|archivedate=October 2, 1999|accessdate=October 12, 2010|work=Stanford University}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|author=Kopytoff|first=Verne|date=September 7, 2008|title=Craig Silverstein grew a decade with Google|work=[[San Francisco Chronicle]]|publisher=Hearst Communications, Inc.|url=https://www.sfgate.com/news/article/Craig-Silverstein-grew-a-decade-with-Google-3270079.php}}</ref> Gogulu nwetara ego mbụ site na ntinye ego nke August 1998 nke $100,000 sitere n'aka Andy Bechtolsheim, <ref name="howwestarted"/> ngalaba-nchoputa nke Sun Microsystems, izu ole na ole tupu Septemba 7, 1998, ụbọchị ewebatara Gogulu. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Long|first=Tony|date=September 7, 2007|title=Sept. 7, 1998: If the Check Says 'Google Inc.,' We're 'Google Inc.'|work=[[Wired (magazine)|Wired]]|url=https://www.wired.com/2007/09/dayintech-0907/}}</ref> <ref name="Bechtolsheim">{{Cite news|author=Kopytoff|first=Verne|date=April 29, 2004|title=For early Googlers, key word is $|work=[[San Francisco Chronicle]]|url=https://www.sfgate.com/news/article/For-early-Googlers-key-word-is-Founders-2786378.php}}</ref> Gogulu nwetara ego n'aka ndị mmụọ ozi atọ ndị ọzọ na-etinye ego na 1998: Amazon.com nchoputa Jeff Bezos, Stanford University kọmputa sayensị prọfesọ David Cheriton, na entapirenua Ram Shriram . <ref name="endofworld">{{Cite book|author=Auletta|first=Ken|title=Googled: The End of the World as We Know it|url=https://archive.org/details/googledendofworl2009aule|publisher=Penguin Books|year=2010|isbn=9780143118046|edition=Reprint|location=New York, N.Y.|oclc=515456623|quote=On September 7, 1998, the day Google officially incorporated, he [Shriram] wrote out a check for just over $250,000, one of four of this size the founders received.|authorlink=Ken Auletta}}</ref> N'etiti ndị mbụ tinyere ego, ndị enyi, na ezinụlọ Google welitere gburugburu $1,000,000, nke mere ka ha mepee ụlọ ahịa mbụ ha na Menlo Park, California . <ref>{{Cite web|author=Hosch|first=William L.|title=Google Inc.|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Google-Inc|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190220013941/https://www.britannica.com/topic/Google-Inc|archivedate=February 20, 2019|accessdate=March 17, 2019|work=Britannica|publisher=Britannica}}</ref> Mgbe ụfọdụ agbakwunyere, obere ntinye ego site na njedebe nke 1998 ruo mmalite 1999, <ref name="endofworld"/> a mara ọkwa ọhụrụ $ 25 nde nke ego na June 7, 1999, na nnukwu ndị na-etinye ego gụnyere ụlọ ọrụ isi obodo Kleiner Perkins na Sequoia Capital . <ref name="Bechtolsheim"/> ref>{{Cite news|author=Long|first=Tony|date=September 7, 2007|title=Sept. 7, 1998: If the Check Says 'Google Inc.,' We're 'Google Inc.'|work=[[Wired (magazine)|Wired]]|url=https://www.wired.com/2007/09/dayintech-0907/}} === Otuto ya === Na Machị 1999, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ kwagara ụlọ ọrụ ya na Palo Alto, California, <ref>{{Cite web|author=Weinberger|first=Matt|date=October 12, 2015|title=Google's cofounders are stepping down from their company. Here are 43 photos showing Google's rise from a Stanford dorm room to global internet superpower|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/google-history-in-photos-2015-10|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170819101107/http://www.businessinsider.com/google-history-in-photos-2015-10|archivedate=August 19, 2017|work=[[Business Insider]]|publisher=[[Axel Springer SE]]}}</ref> nke bụ ebe ọtụtụ mmalite teknụzụ Silicon Valley a ma ama. <ref>{{Cite web|title=A building blessed with tech success|url=https://www.cnet.com/news/a-building-blessed-with-tech-success/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170523115134/https://www.cnet.com/news/a-building-blessed-with-tech-success/|archivedate=May 23, 2017|accessdate=July 15, 2017|work=[[CNET]]|publisher=[[CBS Interactive]]}}</ref> N'afọ sochirinụ, Gogulu malitere ire mgbasa ozi metụtara isiokwu ọchụchọ megide Page na Brin na mbụ megidere igwe nchọta ego mgbasa ozi kwadoro. <ref>{{Cite book|author=Stross|first=Randall|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xOk3EIUW9VgC|title=Planet Google: One Company's Audacious Plan to Organize Everything We Know|date=September 2008|publisher=Free Press|isbn=978-1-4165-4691-7|location=New York|pages=3–4|chapter=Introduction|accessdate=February 14, 2010|chapterurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=xOk3EIUW9VgC}}</ref> <ref name="milestones"/> Iji jikwaa imewe ibe na-enweghị mgbagwoju anya, mgbasa ozi sitere naanị ederede. <ref>{{Cite web|date=October 23, 2000|title=Google Launches Self-Service Advertising Program|url=https://www.google.com/press/pressrel/pressrelease39.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120401005413/http://www.google.com/press/pressrel/pressrelease39.html|archivedate=April 1, 2012|accessdate=July 15, 2017|work=News from Google}}</ref> Na June 2000, a mara ọkwa na Gogulu ga-abụ onye na-eweta ihe nchọta nchọta maka Yahoo!, otu n'ime weebụsaịtị kachasị ewu ewu n'oge ahụ, nochiri Inktomi . <ref>{{Cite news|author=Naughton|first=John|date=July 2, 2000|title=Why's Yahoo gone to Google? Search me|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2000/jul/02/searchengines.columnists|accessdate=January 30, 2019}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Yahoo! Selects Google as its Default Search Engine Provider – News announcements – News from Google – Google|url=https://googlepress.blogspot.com/2000/06/yahoo-selects-google-as-its-default.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190131041155/https://googlepress.blogspot.com/2000/06/yahoo-selects-google-as-its-default.html|archivedate=January 31, 2019|accessdate=January 30, 2019|work=googlepress.blogspot.com}}</ref> Na 2003, mgbe ha toro ebe abụọ ọzọ, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ gbazitere ụlọ ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ site na Silicon Graphics, na 1600 Amphitheater Parkway na Mountain View, California . <ref name="sgibldg">{{Cite news|author=Olsen|first=Stephanie|date=July 11, 2003|title=Google's movin' on up|work=[[CNET]]|publisher=CBS Interactive|url=http://news.cnet.com/Googles-movin-on-up/2110-1032_3-1025111.html|accessdate=February 15, 2010}}</ref> A bịara mara mgbagwoju anya dị ka Googleplex, egwuregwu na okwu googolplex, ọnụọgụgụ nke googol zeroes sochiri ya. Afọ atọ ka e mesịrị, Google zụtara ụlọ ahụ n'aka SGI maka $319&nbsp;nde. <ref name="googleplexpurchase">{{Cite news|date=June 16, 2006|title=Google to buy headquarters building from Silicon Graphics|work=[[American City Business Journals]]|url=https://www.bizjournals.com/sanjose/stories/2006/06/19/newscolumn3.html}}</ref> N'oge ahụ, aha "Google" abanyela n'asụsụ kwa ụbọchị, na-eme ka ngwaa " google " tinye na ''Merriam-Webster Collegiate Dictionary'' na ''Oxford English Dictionary'', nke a kọwara dị ka: "iji Google search engine mee ihe. nweta ozi na ịntanetị." <ref>{{Cite web|author=Krantz|first=Michael|date=October 25, 2006|title=Do You "Google"?|url=http://googleblog.blogspot.com/2006/10/do-you-google.html|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20120530/http://googleblog.blogspot.com/2006/10/do-you-google.html|archivedate=May 30, 2012|accessdate=February 17, 2010|work=Google, Inc.}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Bylund|first=Anders|date=July 5, 2006|title=To Google or Not to Google|url=http://msnbc.msn.com/id/13720643/|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20060707062623/http://msnbc.msn.com/id/13720643/|archivedate=July 7, 2006|accessdate=February 17, 2010|work=msnbc.com}}</ref> Ojiji mbụ nke ngwaa na telivishọn pụtara na ihe omume October 2002 nke ''Buffy the Vampire Slayer'' . <ref>{{Cite web|author=Meyer|first=Robinson|date=June 27, 2014|title=The First Use of 'to Google' on Television? Buffy the Vampire Slayer|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2014/06/the-first-use-of-the-verb-to-google-on-television-buffy-the-vampire-slayer/373599/|accessdate=30 June 2021|work=[[The Atlantic]]}}</ref> Na mgbakwunye, na 2001 ndi tinyere ego na gogulu chere na ọ dị mkpa inwe njikwa ime ụlọ siri ike, ha kwekọrịtara iwere Eric Schmidt dị ka onye isi oche na onye isi Gogulu <ref name="Google Inc">{{Cite web|author=Hosch|first=William L.|title=Google Inc.|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Google-Inc|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190220013941/https://www.britannica.com/topic/Google-Inc|archivedate=February 20, 2019|accessdate=March 17, 2019|work=Britannica|publisher=Britannica}}</ref> === Onyinye ọhaneze izizi === Na Ọgọst 19, 2004, Gogulu ghọrọ ụlọ ọrụ ọha site na onyinye mbụ ọha . N'oge ahụ Larry Page, Sergey Brin, na Eric Schmidt kwetara ịrụkọ ọrụ ọnụ na Google maka afọ iri abuo , ruo n'afọ 2024. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Lashinsky|first=Adam|date=January 29, 2008|title=Google wins again|work=Fortune|publisher=Time Warner|url=https://money.cnn.com/2008/01/18/news/companies/google.fortune/index.htm|accessdate=January 22, 2011|archive-date=October 22, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121022200031/http://money.cnn.com/2008/01/18/news/companies/google.fortune/index.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ nyere oke ahia 19,605,052 na ọnụ ahịa $85 kwa òkè. <ref name="IPO">{{Cite web|title=GOOG Stock|url=https://markets.businessinsider.com/stocks/goog-stock|publisher=[[Business Insider]]}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|year=2004|title=2004 Annual Report|url=http://investor.google.com/pdf/2004_AnnualReport.pdf|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/659XUbJTj?url=http://investor.google.com/pdf/2004_AnnualReport.pdf|archivedate=February 2, 2012|accessdate=February 19, 2010|work=Google, Inc.}}</ref> A na-ere òkè na ntanetị n'ịntanetị site na iji usoro nke Morgan Stanley na Credit Suisse wuru, ndị na-ede akwụkwọ maka nkwekọrịta ahụ. <ref>{{Cite news|author=La Monica|first=Paul R.|date=April 30, 2004|title=Google sets $2.7&nbsp;billion IPO|work=CNN Money|url=https://money.cnn.com/2004/04/29/technology/google/|accessdate=February 19, 2010|archive-date=October 22, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121022154717/http://money.cnn.com/2004/04/29/technology/google/|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Kawamoto|first=Dawn|date=April 29, 2004|title=Want In on Google's IPO?|url=http://www.zdnet.com/news/want-in-on-googles-ipo/135799|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/659XV2yME?url=http://www.zdnet.com/news/want-in-on-googles-ipo/135799|archivedate=February 2, 2012|accessdate=February 19, 2010|work=ZDNet}}</ref> Ire nke ijeri $1.67 nyere Gogulu isi ahịa ahịa karịrị ijeri $23. <ref name="washpost">{{Cite news|author=Webb|first=Cynthia L.|date=August 19, 2004|title=Google's IPO: Grate Expectations|work=The Washington Post|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A14939-2004Aug19.html|accessdate=February 19, 2010}}</ref> Na Nọvemba 13, 2006, Gogulu nwetara YouTube maka ijeri $1.65 na ngwaahịa Gogulu, <ref>{{Cite web|author=Arrington|first=Michael|date=October 9, 2006|title=Google Has Acquired YouTube|url=https://techcrunch.com/2006/10/09/google-has-acquired-youtube/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170316024815/https://techcrunch.com/2006/10/09/google-has-acquired-youtube/|archivedate=March 16, 2017|accessdate=March 15, 2017|work=[[TechCrunch]]|publisher=[[AOL]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Sorkin|first=Andrew Ross|date=October 9, 2006|title=Google to Acquire YouTube for $1.65 Billion|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/09/business/09cnd-deal.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170609080519/http://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/09/business/09cnd-deal.html|archivedate=June 9, 2017|accessdate=March 15, 2017|work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Arrington|first=Michael|date=November 13, 2006|title=Google Closes YouTube Acquisition|url=https://techcrunch.com/2006/11/13/google-closes-youtube-acquisition/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170316024500/https://techcrunch.com/2006/11/13/google-closes-youtube-acquisition/|archivedate=March 16, 2017|accessdate=March 15, 2017|work=[[TechCrunch]]|publisher=[[AOL]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Auchard|first=Eric|date=November 14, 2006|title=Google closes YouTube deal|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-google-idUSWEN973120061114|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170316113147/http://www.reuters.com/article/us-google-idUSWEN973120061114|archivedate=March 16, 2017|accessdate=March 15, 2017|work=[[Reuters]]|publisher=[[Thomson Reuters]]}}</ref> Na Maachị 11, 2008, Gogulu nwetara DoubleClick maka $3.1&nbsp;ijeri, na-ebufe na Gogulu mmekọrịta bara uru nke “DoubleClick”nwere na ndị mbipụta Weebụ na ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Lawsky|first=David|date=March 11, 2008|title=Google closes DoubleClick merger after EU approval|work=[[Reuters]]|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-google-doubleclick-eu-idUSBFA00058020080311}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Story|first=Louise|date=April 14, 2007|title=Google Buys DoubleClick for $3.1 Billion|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/14/technology/14DoubleClick.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170404014741/http://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/14/technology/14DoubleClick.html|archivedate=April 4, 2017|accessdate=March 9, 2017|work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Ka ọ na-erule afọ 2011, Gogulu na-eji ihe dị ka ijeri 3 na-achọ ihe kwa ụbọchị. Iji jikwaa ọrụ a, Gogulu wuru ebe data 11 gburugburu ụwa nwere ọtụtụ puku sava na nke ọ bụla. Ebe data ndị a nyere Google aka ijikwa ọrụ na-agbanwe mgbe niile nke ọma. <ref name="Google Inc"/> Na Mee 2011, ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị ọbịa pụrụ iche kwa ọnwa na Gogulu karịrị otu ijeri na nke mbụ ya. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Worstall|first=Tim|date=June 22, 2011|title=Google Hits One Billion Visitors in Only One Month|work=[[Forbes]]|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/timworstall/2011/06/22/google-hits-one-billion-visitors-in-only-one-month/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|author=Efrati|first=Amir|date=June 21, 2011|title=Google Notches One Billion Unique Visitors Per Month|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/BL-DGB-22656}}</ref> Na Mee 2012, Gogulu nwetara Motorola Mobility maka $12.5&nbsp;ijeri, n'inweta ya kachasị ruo taa. <ref>{{Cite news|date=May 22, 2012|title=Google Completes Takeover of Motorola Mobility|publisher=[[IndustryWeek]]|url=https://www.industryweek.com/finance/governance-risk-compliance/article/21957658/google-completes-takeover-of-motorola-mobility}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|author=Tsukayama|first=Hayley|date=August 15, 2011|title=Google agrees to acquire Motorola Mobility|work=[[The Washington Post]]|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/faster-forward/post/google-agrees-to-acquire-motorola-mobility/2011/08/15/gIQABmTkGJ_blog.html}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Google to Acquire Motorola Mobility&nbsp;— Google Investor Relations|url=http://investor.google.com/releases/2011/0815.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110817101741/http://investor.google.com/releases/2011/0815.html|archivedate=August 17, 2011|accessdate=August 17, 2011|work=Google}}</ref> Emere ịzụrụ ihe a n'otu akụkụ iji nyere Google aka inweta nnukwu patenti pọtụfoliyo nke Motorola na ekwentị mkpanaaka na teknụzụ ikuku, iji nyere aka chebe Gogulu na esemokwu patenti ya na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ na-aga n'ihu, <ref>{{Cite web|author=Page|first=Larry|authorlink=Larry Page|date=August 15, 2011|title=Official Google Blog: Supercharging Android: Google to Acquire Motorola Mobility|url=https://googleblog.blogspot.com/2011/08/supercharging-android-google-to-acquire.html|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/69UHjJzgs?url=http://googleblog.blogspot.com/2011/08/supercharging-android-google-to-acquire.html|archivedate=July 28, 2012|work=Official Google Blog}}</ref> tumadi Apple na Microsoft, <ref>{{Cite web|author=Hughes|first=Neil|date=August 15, 2011|title=Google CEO: 'Anticompetitive' Apple, Microsoft forced Motorola deal|url=https://appleinsider.com/articles/11/08/15/google_ceo_anticompetitive_apple_microsoft_forced_motorola_deal.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111210181127/http://www.appleinsider.com/articles/11/08/15/google_ceo_anticompetitive_apple_microsoft_forced_motorola_deal.html|archivedate=December 10, 2011|work=[[AppleInsider]]}}</ref> na ikwe ka ọ nweta ya. na-aga n'ihu na-enye gam akporo. <ref name="cnet">{{Cite web|author=Cheng|first=Roger|date=August 15, 2011|title=Google to buy Motorola Mobility for $12.5B|url=http://news.cnet.com/8301-1035_3-20092362-94/google-to-buy-motorola-mobility-for-$12.5b/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111006062539/http://news.cnet.com/8301-1035_3-20092362-94/google-to-buy-motorola-mobility-for-$12.5b/|archivedate=October 6, 2011|accessdate=August 15, 2011|work=CNet News}}</ref> === 2012 gawa n'ihu === Na June 2013, Gogulu nwetara Waze, nkwekọrịta $ 966 nde. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Kerr|first=Dara|date=July 25, 2013|title=Google reveals it spent $966 million in Waze acquisition|url=https://www.cnet.com/news/google-reveals-it-spent-966-million-in-waze-acquisition/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170216011658/https://www.cnet.com/news/google-reveals-it-spent-966-million-in-waze-acquisition/|archivedate=February 16, 2017|accessdate=June 12, 2017|work=[[CNET]]|publisher=CBS Interactive}}</ref> Ọ bụ ezie na Waze ga-anọgide na-enwere onwe ya, njirimara mmekọrịta ya, dị ka ikpo okwu ebe a na-enweta ya, bụ ọnụ ahịa bara uru n'etiti Waze na [[Google Maps]], ọrụ nkewa nke Gogulu. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Lunden|first=Ingrid|date=June 11, 2013|title=Google Bought Waze For $1.1B, Giving A Social Data Boost To Its Mapping Business|url=https://techcrunch.com/2013/06/11/its-official-google-buys-waze-giving-a-social-data-boost-to-its-location-and-mapping-business/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170706051802/https://techcrunch.com/2013/06/11/its-official-google-buys-waze-giving-a-social-data-boost-to-its-location-and-mapping-business/|archivedate=July 6, 2017|accessdate=June 12, 2017|work=[[TechCrunch]]|publisher=[[AOL]]}}</ref> Gogulu kwuputara mwepụta nke ụlọ ọrụ ọhụrụ, nke a na-akpọ Calico, na Septemba 19, 2013, onye isi oche Apple Inc. Arthur Levinson ga-edu. Na nkwupụta ọha na eze, Page kọwara na ụlọ ọrụ "ahụike na ọdịmma" ga-elekwasị anya na "ihe ịma aka nke ịka nká na ọrịa ndị metụtara ya". <ref>{{Cite news|author=Wakefield|first=Jane|date=September 19, 2013|title=Google spin-off Calico to search for answers to ageing|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-24158924|accessdate=September 20, 2013}}</ref> Na Jenụwarị 26, 2014, Gogulu kwuputara na ya ekwenyela inweta DeepMind Teknụzụ, ụlọ ọrụ ọgụgụ isi na-ejide onwe ya na [[London]] . <ref>{{Cite news|author=Chowdhry|first=Amit|date=January 27, 2014|title=Google To Acquire Artificial Intelligence Company DeepMind|work=Forbes|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/amitchowdhry/2014/01/27/google-to-acquire-artificial-intelligence-company-deepmind/|accessdate=January 27, 2014}}</ref> Webụsaịtị akụkọ teknụzụ ''Recode'' kọrọ na a zụtara ụlọ ọrụ ahụ nde $400, mana ekpughere isi mmalite nke ozi ahụ. Onye nkwuchite ọnụ Gogulu jụrụ ikwu maka ọnụahịa ahụ. <ref name="Helgren- DeepMind">{{Cite news|author=Helgren|first=Chris|date=January 27, 2014|title=Google to buy artificial intelligence company DeepMind|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-google-deepmind-idUSBREA0Q03220140127|accessdate=January 27, 2014}}</ref> <ref name="Ribeiro- DeepMind">{{Cite news|author=Ribeiro|first=Jon|date=January 27, 2014|title=Google buys artificial intelligence company DeepMind|work=PC World|url=http://www.pcworld.com/article/2091500/google-acquires-artificial-intelligence-company-deepmind.html|accessdate=January 27, 2014}}</ref> Ịzụta ihe enyemaka DeepMind na uto Gogulu na-adịbeghị anya na ọgụgụ isi na obodo robotics. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Opam|first=Kwame|date=January 26, 2014|title=Google buying AI startup DeepMind for a reported $400 million|url=https://www.theverge.com/2014/1/26/5348640/google-deepmind-acquisition-robotics-ai|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170708161602/https://www.theverge.com/2014/1/26/5348640/google-deepmind-acquisition-robotics-ai|archivedate=July 8, 2017|accessdate=March 9, 2017|work=[[The Verge]]|publisher=[[Vox Media]]}}</ref> Dị ka akwụkwọ akụkọ Interbrand's Best Global Brands si kwuo, Gogulu abụrụla akara nke abụọ kasị baa uru n'ụwa (n'azụ Apple Inc. ) na 2013, <ref>{{Cite web|title=Rankings - 2013 - Best Global Brands - Interbrand|url=http://interbrand.com/best-brands/best-global-brands/2013/ranking/#?listFormat=ls|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161022013506/http://interbrand.com/best-brands/best-global-brands/2013/ranking/#?listFormat=ls|archivedate=October 22, 2016|accessdate=October 23, 2016|work=Interbrand}}</ref> 2014, <ref>{{Cite web|title=Rankings - 2014 - Best Global Brands - Interbrand|url=http://interbrand.com/best-brands/best-global-brands/2014/ranking/#?listFormat=ls|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161103140119/http://interbrand.com/best-brands/best-global-brands/2014/ranking/#?listFormat=ls|archivedate=November 3, 2016|accessdate=October 23, 2016|work=Interbrand}}</ref> 2015, <ref>{{Cite web|title=Rankings - 2015 - Best Global Brands - Interbrand|url=http://interbrand.com/best-brands/best-global-brands/2015/ranking/#?listFormat=ls|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161021100708/http://interbrand.com/best-brands/best-global-brands/2015/ranking/#?listFormat=ls|archivedate=October 21, 2016|accessdate=October 23, 2016|work=Interbrand}}</ref> na 2016, na ọnụ ahịa nke $133. ijeri. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Rankings - 2016 - Best Global Brands|url=http://interbrand.com/best-brands/best-global-brands/2016/ranking/#?listFormat=ls|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20161220191226/http://interbrand.com/best-brands/best-global-brands/2016/ranking/#?listFormat=ls|archivedate=December 20, 2016|accessdate=October 23, 2016|work=Interbrand}}</ref> Na August 10, 2015, Gogulu kwupụtara atụmatụ ịhazigharị mmasị ya dị iche iche dị ka conglomerate aha ya bụ Alphabet Inc. Gogulu ghọrọ onye enyemaka Alphabet kacha na ụlọ ọrụ nche anwụ maka ọdịmma ịntanetị Alphabet. Mgbe emechara nhazigharị ahụ, Sundar Pichai ghọrọ CEO nke Gogulu, dochie Larry Page, onye ghọrọ CEO nke Alphabet. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Womack|first=Brian|date=August 10, 2015|title=Google Rises After Creating Holding Company Called Alphabet|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-08-10/google-to-adopt-new-holding-structure-under-name-alphabet-|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161123054841/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-08-10/google-to-adopt-new-holding-structure-under-name-alphabet-|archivedate=November 23, 2016|accessdate=November 22, 2016|publisher=[[Bloomberg L.P.]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|author=Barr|first=Alistair|date=August 10, 2015|title=Google Creates Parent Company Called Alphabet in Restructuring|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/google-creates-new-company-alphabet-1439240645|accessdate=November 22, 2016}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Dougherty|first=Conor|date=August 10, 2015|title=Google to Reorganize as Alphabet to Keep Its Lead as an Innovator|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/08/11/technology/google-alphabet-restructuring.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161019164806/http://www.nytimes.com/2015/08/11/technology/google-alphabet-restructuring.html|archivedate=October 19, 2016|accessdate=November 22, 2016|work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Na Ogost 8, 2017, Gogulu chụrụ onye ọrụ James Damore mgbe ọ kesasịrị akwụkwọ ozi n'ime ụlọ ọrụ ahụ niile na-arụrịta ụka na-ezighị ezi na " Google's Ideological Echo Chamber " gbachiri echiche ha banyere ọdịiche dị iche iche na nsonye, nakwa na ọ bụkwa ihe ndị dị ndụ, ọ bụghị ịkpa ókè naanị, na. na-eme ka nkezi nwanyị ghara inwe mmasị karịa ndị nwoke na ọnọdụ teknụzụ. <ref>{{Cite news|title="Google Fires Engineer Who Wrote Memo Questioning Women in Tech"|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=August 8, 2017|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/07/business/google-women-engineer-fired-memo.html|author=Wakabayashi|first=Daisuke|accessdate=August 10, 2017}}</ref> Onye isi ala Gogulu Sundar Pichai boro Damore ebubo imebi iwu ụlọ ọrụ site na "ịkwalite echiche nwoke na nwanyị na-emerụ ahụ n'ebe ọrụ anyị", a chụrụ ya n'ọrụ n'otu ụbọchị ahụ. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Contentious Memo Strikes Nerve Inside Google and Out|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=August 8, 2017|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/08/technology/google-engineer-fired-gender-memo.html|author=Wakabayashi|first=Daisuke|accessdate=August 10, 2017}}</ref> <ref>diversitymemo.com</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Friedersdorf|first=Conor|date=August 8, 2017|title=The Most Common Error in Media Coverage of the Google Memo|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2017/08/the-most-common-error-in-coverage-of-the-google-memo/536181/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170808230220/https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2017/08/the-most-common-error-in-coverage-of-the-google-memo/536181/|archivedate=August 8, 2017|accessdate=August 9, 2017|work=[[The Atlantic]]}}</ref> N'etiti 2018 na 2019, esemokwu dị n'etiti ndị isi ụlọ ọrụ na ndị ọrụ ya na-arịwanye elu ka ndị ọrụ na-eme mkpesa na mkpebi ụlọ ọrụ na mmekpa ahụ n'ime ime mmekọahụ, Dragonfly, onye nyocha China na-enyocha, na Project Maven, onye “military drone artificial intelligence” isi, bụ nke a na-ahụ anya dị ka akụkụ nke ego ha nwetara. uto maka ụlọ ọrụ. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Bergen|first=Mark|date=November 22, 2019|title=Google Workers Protest Company's 'Brute Force Intimidation'|language=en|work=[[Bloomberg.com]]|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-11-22/google-workers-protest-company-s-brute-force-intimidation}}</ref> <ref name="Verge busting">{{Cite web|author=Hollister|first=Sean|date=November 25, 2019|title=Google is accused of union busting after firing four employees|url=https://www.theverge.com/2019/11/25/20983053/google-fires-four-employees-memo-rebecca-rivers-laurence-berland-union-busting-accusation-walkout|accessdate=November 26, 2019|work=[[The Verge]]|language=en}}</ref> Na Ọktoba 25, 2018, ''akwụkwọ akụkọ New York Times'' bipụtara ''ikpughe'', "Otu Gogulu si chebe Andy Rubin, 'Nna nke Android'". Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ mechara kwupụta na "a chụrụ ndị ọrụ 48 n'ọrụ n'ime afọ abụọ gara aga" maka mmekọahụ rụrụ arụ. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Welch|first=Chris|date=October 25, 2018|title=Google says 48 people have been fired for sexual harassment in the last two years|url=https://www.theverge.com/2018/10/25/18024486/google-sexual-harassment-people-fired-rubin-2-years-ceo|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181031133020/https://www.theverge.com/2018/10/25/18024486/google-sexual-harassment-people-fired-rubin-2-years-ceo|archivedate=October 31, 2018|accessdate=October 31, 2018|work=The Verge}}</ref> Na Nọvemba 1, 2018, ihe karịrị ndị ọrụ Gogulu 20,000 na ndị ọrụ nkwekọrịta mere ngagharịiwe zuru ụwa ọnụ iji mee mkpesa maka njikwa ụlọ ọrụ na-eme mkpesa iyi egwu mmekọahụ. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Hamilton|first=Isobel Asher|date=November 1, 2018|title=PHOTOS: Google employees all over the world left their desk and walked out in protest over sexual misconduct|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/google-walkout-live-pictures-of-protesting-google-workers-2018-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181102174328/https://www.businessinsider.com/google-walkout-live-pictures-of-protesting-google-workers-2018-11|archivedate=November 2, 2018|accessdate=November 6, 2018|work=Business Insider}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|author=Segarra|first=Lisa Marie|date=November 3, 2018|title=More Than 20,000 Google Employees Participated in Walkout Over Sexual Harassment Policy|publisher=Fortune|url=http://fortune.com/2018/11/03/google-employees-walkout-demands/|accessdate=November 6, 2018}}</ref> Onye isi ala Sundar Pichai kwuru na ọ na-akwado ngagharị iwe a. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Liedtke|first=Michael|date=1 November 2018|title=Google workers walk out to protest sexual misconduct|publisher=Akron Beacon/Journal|url=https://www.ohio.com/news/20181101/google-workers-walk-out-to-protest-sexual-misconduct|accessdate=6 November 2018}}</ref> Mgbe e mesịrị na 2019, ụfọdụ ndị ọrụ boro ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ebubo imegwara ndị na-eme ihe n'ime. [94] Na Machị 19, 2019, Gogulu kwupụtara na ọ ga-abanye n'ahịa egwuregwu vidiyo, na-ebupụta ikpo okwu egwuregwu igwe ojii akpọrọ Google Stadia . <ref name="unveils">{{Cite web|author=Warren|first=Tom|date=March 19, 2019|title=Google unveils Stadia cloud gaming service, launches in 2019|url=https://www.theverge.com/2019/3/19/18271702/google-stadia-cloud-gaming-service-announcement-gdc-2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190319173136/https://www.theverge.com/2019/3/19/18271702/google-stadia-cloud-gaming-service-announcement-gdc-2019|archivedate=March 19, 2019|accessdate=April 8, 2019|work=The Verge}}</ref> Na June 3, 2019, Ngalaba Ikpe Ziri Ezi nke United States kọrọ na ọ ga-enyocha Gogulu maka mmebi iwu mgbochi. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Google shares take a dive with reports of US DoJ 'competition' probe|url=https://www.theregister.com/2019/06/03/google_shares_take_a_dive_on_doj_reports/|work=www.theregister.com}}</ref> Nke a butere itinye akwụkwọ n'ụlọ ikpe na-emegide ntụkwasị obi na Ọktoba 2020, n'ihi na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ejirila ọnọdụ naanị ya mee ihe n'ahịa mgbasa ozi na ọchụchọ . <ref>{{Cite news|title=U.S. Files Antitrust Suit Against Google|work=NPR.org|url=https://www.npr.org/2020/10/20/925895658/u-s-files-antitrust-suit-against-google}}</ref> Na Disemba 2019, onye bụbu onye isi ọrụ PayPal Bill Ready ghọrọ onye isi azụmaahịa ọhụrụ nke Gogulu. Ọrụ njikere agaghị etinye aka na Google Pay . <ref>{{Cite web|author=Perez|first=Sarah|date=December 11, 2019|title=PayPal's exiting COO Bill Ready to join Google as its new president of Commerce|url=https://techcrunch.com/2019/12/11/paypals-exiting-coo-bill-ready-to-join-google-as-its-new-president-of-commerce/|work=[[TechCrunch]]}}</ref> Na onwa Eprelu 2020, n'ihi ọrịa COVID-19, Gogulu kwuputara ọtụtụ usoro mbelata ọnụ ahịa. Usoro ndị dị otú ahụ gụnyere ibelata ndị ọrụ n'ọrụ maka ihe fọdụrụ na 2020, ewezuga ọnụ ọgụgụ dị nta nke mpaghara atụmatụ, na-emegharị elekwasị anya na usoro ntinye ego na mpaghara dị ka ebe data na igwe, na ahịa na njem na-abụghị azụmahịa dị mkpa. <ref>{{Cite web|date=April 15, 2020|title=Bloomberg - Google to Slow Hiring for Rest of 2020, CEO Tells Staff|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-04-15/google-to-slow-hiring-for-rest-of-2020-ceo-pichai-tells-staff|accessdate=April 16, 2020|work=www.bloomberg.com}}</ref> Mwepụ ọrụ Gogulu 2020 kwụsịrị ọrụ Gogulu otu n'August nke metụtara Gogulu draivu n'etiti ndị ọzọ, ọzọ na Nọvemba na-emetụta YouTube, na nke atọ na Disemba na-emetụta ngwa Gogulu dum. Emechara nkwụsị atọ ahụ n'ime awa ole na ole. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Google services including Gmail hit by serious disruption|url=https://news.sky.com/story/google-services-including-gmail-hit-by-serious-disruption-12052892|work=Sky News}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Li|first=Abner|date=November 12, 2020|title=YouTube is currently down amid widespread outage|url=https://9to5google.com/2020/11/11/youtube-tv-down-2/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=December 14, 2020|title=YouTube back online, all services restored as Google apologizes for 'system outage' &#124; TechRadar|url=https://www.techradar.com/news/google-suite-youtube-and-other-services-are-down|work=www.techradar.com|accessdate=February 23, 2022|archivedate=December 14, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201214235555/https://www.techradar.com/amp/news/google-suite-youtube-and-other-services-are-down%26ved%3D0ahUKEwjT_qTet83tAhVJJzQIHcFXB-kQyM8BCCgwAQ%26usg%3DAOvVaw0HFBmVnTnarPXLRK7ok2jE%26ampcf%3D1}}</ref> Na Jenụwarị 2021, Gọọmenti Australia tụpụtara iwu ga-achọ ka Gogulu na Fesibuuk kwụọ ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi ụgwọ maka ikike iji ọdịnaya ha. Na nzaghachi, Gogulu yiri egwu imechi ohere nchọta ya na mba Australia. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Jose|first=Renju|date=January 22, 2021|title=Google says to block search engine in Australia if forced to pay for news|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-australia-media-google-idUSKBN29R04O|accessdate=January 22, 2021}}</ref> Na Maachị 2021, Gogulu kwuru na ọ kwụrụ $20 nde maka ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri Ubisoft na Google Stadia . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Google reportedly paid $20m for Ubisoft ports on Stadia|url=https://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2021-03-01-google-reportedly-paid-usd20m-for-ubisoft-ports-on-stadia|accessdate=March 1, 2021|work=GamesIndustry.biz|language=en}}</ref> Gogulu mefuru "iriri nde dollar" iji nweta ndị mgbasa ozi dịka Ubisoft na Take-Two ka ha weta ụfọdụ nnukwu egwuregwu ha na Stadia. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Schreier|first=Jason|date=February 28, 2021|title=Google had big video game ambitions. Then reality hit|url=https://fortune.com/2021/02/27/google-stadia-video-game-streaming-reality-check-consoles/|accessdate=2022-02-03|work=Fortune|language=en}}</ref> Na onwa Eprel 2021, ''akwụkwọ akụkọ Wall Street Journal'' kọrọ na Gogulu mere mmemme ogologo afọ a na-akpọ 'Project Bernanke' nke jiri data sitere na mgbasa ozi mgbasa ozi gara aga iji nweta uru karịa ịsọ mpi maka ọrụ mgbasa ozi. Ekpughere nke a n'akwụkwọ gbasara akwụkwọ nkwụghachi ụgwọ nke steeti US iri gbara megide Gogulu na Disemba. <ref>{{Cite web|date=April 11, 2021|title=Google's Secret 'Project Bernanke' Revealed in Texas Antitrust Case|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/googles-secret-project-bernanke-revealed-in-texas-antitrust-case-11618097760|accessdate=April 13, 2021|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|language=en}}</ref> Na Septemba 2021, gọọmentị Australia kwupụtara atụmatụ igbochi ikike Gogulu ịre mgbasa ozi ezubere iche, na-ekwu na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ nwere ikike n'ahịa na-emerụ ndị mbipụta, ndị mgbasa ozi na ndị ahịa. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-09-28|title=Australian Government Plans to Curb Google's Capability to Sell Targeted Ads - September 28, 2021|url=https://dailynewsbrief.com/2021/09/28/australian-government-plans-to-curb-googles-capability-to-sell-targeted-ads/|accessdate=2021-10-04|work=Daily News Brief|language=en-US|archivedate=2021-10-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211004124647/https://dailynewsbrief.com/2021/09/28/australian-government-plans-to-curb-googles-capability-to-sell-targeted-ads/}}</ref> == Ngwaahịa na ọrụ == Gogulu na- edepụta ọtụtụ ijeri ibe weebụ iji nye ndị ọrụ ohere ịchọ ozi ha chọrọ site na iji mkpụrụokwu na ndị na -arụ ọrụ . <ref>{{Cite web|author=Arrington|first=Michael|date=July 25, 2008|title=Google's Misleading Blog Post: The Size Of The Web And The Size Of Their Index Are Very Different|url=https://techcrunch.com/2008/07/25/googles-misleading-blog-post-on-the-size-of-the-web/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170312042335/https://techcrunch.com/2008/07/25/googles-misleading-blog-post-on-the-size-of-the-web/|archivedate=March 12, 2017|accessdate=March 9, 2017|work=[[TechCrunch]]|publisher=[[AOL]]}}</ref> Dabere na nyocha ahịa comScore sitere na Nọvemba 2009, Google Search bụ igwe nchọta kachasị na ahịa United States, yana oke ahịa nke 65.6%. <ref name="comscore">{{Cite news|date=December 16, 2006|title=comScore Releases November 2009 U.S. Search Engine Rankings|url=http://www.comscore.com/Press_Events/Press_Releases/2009/12/comScore_Releases_November_2009_U.S._Search_Engine_Rankings|accessdate=July 5, 2010}}</ref> Na Mee 2017, Gogulu mere ka taabụ "onwe" ọhụrụ na Google Search, na-ahapụ ndị ọrụ ịchọ ọdịnaya na ọrụ dị iche iche nke akaụntụ Gogulu ha, gụnyere ozi email sitere na Gmail na foto sitere na Google Photos . <ref>{{Cite web|author=Schwartz|first=Barry|date=May 26, 2017|title=Google Adds Personal Tab To Search Filters|url=https://www.seroundtable.com/google-personal-tab-search-23912.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170527140309/https://www.seroundtable.com/google-personal-tab-search-23912.html|archivedate=May 27, 2017|accessdate=May 27, 2017|work=Search Engine Roundtable|publisher=RustyBrick}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Gartenberg|first=Chaim|date=May 26, 2017|title=Google adds new Personal tab to search results to show Gmail and Photos content|url=https://www.theverge.com/2017/5/26/15701778/google-personal-tab-search-results-gmail-photos-images-maps-news-filter|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170526215945/https://www.theverge.com/2017/5/26/15701778/google-personal-tab-search-results-gmail-photos-images-maps-news-filter|archivedate=May 26, 2017|accessdate=May 27, 2017|work=[[The Verge]]|publisher=[[Vox Media]]}}</ref> Gogulu malitere ọrụ Google News ya na 2002, ọrụ akpaaka nke na-achịkọta akụkọ akụkọ sitere na webụsaịtị dị iche iche. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Macht|first=Joshua|date=September 30, 2002|title=Automatic for the People|work=Time|url=http://www.time.com/time/business/article/0,8599,356152,00.html|accessdate=June 7, 2010|archive-date=October 22, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101022094519/http://www.time.com/time/business/article/0,8599,356152,00.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Gogulu na-akwado akwụkwọ Gogulu, ọrụ nke na-enyocha ederede dị n'akwụkwọ dị na nchekwa data ya ma na-egosi nleba anya nwere oke ma ọ bụ na akwụkwọ zuru ezu ebe a na-anabata ya. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Martin|first=China|date=November 26, 2007|title=Google hit with second lawsuit over Library project|url=http://www.infoworld.com/t/platforms/google-hit-second-lawsuit-over-library-project-722|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510022853/http://www.infoworld.com/t/platforms/google-hit-second-lawsuit-over-library-project-722|archivedate=May 10, 2011|accessdate=July 5, 2010|publisher=[[InfoWorld]]}}</ref> === Mgbasa ozi === Gogulu na-enweta ọtụtụ ego ya na mgbasa ozi. Nke a gụnyere ire ngwa, ịzụrụ ihe n'ime ngwa, ngwaahịa ọdịnaya dijitalụ na Gogulu na YouTube, gam akporo na ikikere yana ụgwọ ọrụ, gụnyere ụgwọ anatara maka onyinye Google Cloud. Pasent iri anọ na isii nke uru a sitere na clicks (ọnụahịa kwa clicks), ruru US $ 109,652 nde na 2017. Nke a gụnyere ụzọ atọ bụ isi, ya bụ AdMob, AdSense (dị ka AdSense maka Ọdịnaya, AdSense maka Ọchụchọ, wdg) na DoubleClick AdExchange. <ref name="agm2017">{{Cite book|url=https://abc.xyz/investor|title=Annualg report (Alphabet Inc.) - 2017|date=March 1, 2018|publisher=Alphabet Inc. Investor relations|accessdate=December 3, 2018}}</ref> Na mgbakwunye na algọridim nke ya maka ịghọta arịrịọ ọchụchọ, Gogulu na-eji teknụzụ nweta DoubleClick, iji mepụta mmasị onye ọrụ na mgbasa ozi lekwasịrị anya na ọnọdụ ọchụchọ yana akụkọ onye ọrụ. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Nakashima|first=Ellen|date=August 12, 2008|title=Some Web Firms Say They Track Behavior Without Explicit Consent|work=[[The Washington Post]]|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/08/11/AR2008081102270_pf.html}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Helft|first=Miguel|date=March 11, 2009|title=Google to Offer Ads Based on Interests|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/03/11/technology/internet/11google.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170328214358/http://www.nytimes.com/2009/03/11/technology/internet/11google.html|archivedate=March 28, 2017|accessdate=March 9, 2017|work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> N'afọ 2007, Gogulu malitere " AdSense for Mobile ", na-eji uru ahịa mgbasa ozi ekwentị na-apụta. <ref name="adsense_mobile">{{Cite web|date=September 17, 2007|title=Google AdSense for Mobile unlocks the potential of the mobile advertising market|url=https://www.google.com/intl/en/press/annc/20070917_mobileads.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120620042233/https://www.google.com/intl/en/press/annc/20070917_mobileads.html|archivedate=June 20, 2012|accessdate=February 26, 2010|work=Google, Inc.}}</ref> Nchịkọta Gogulu na-enye ndị nwe weebụsaịtị ohere soro ebe na otu ndị mmadụ si eji webụsaịtị ha, dịka ọmụmaatụ site na nyochaa ọnụego pịa maka njikọ niile dị na ibe. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Bright|first=Peter|date=August 27, 2008|title=Surfing on the sly with IE8's new "InPrivate" Internet|url=https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2008/08/surfing-on-the-sly-ie8s-inprivate-internet/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170312040931/https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2008/08/surfing-on-the-sly-ie8s-inprivate-internet/|archivedate=March 12, 2017|accessdate=March 9, 2017|work=[[Ars Technica]]|publisher=[[Condé Nast]]}}</ref> Enwere ike itinye mgbasa ozi Gogulu na webụsaịtị ndị ọzọ na mmemme akụkụ abụọ. Mgbasa ozi Gogulu na-enye ndị mgbasa ozi ohere igosipụta mgbasa ozi ha na netwọk ọdịnaya Gogulu, site na atụmatụ ọnụ-otu-pịa. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Beal|first=Vangie|date=December 21, 2010|title=AdWords - Google AdWords|url=http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/A/adwords.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170629163240/http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/A/adwords.html|archivedate=June 29, 2017|accessdate=May 27, 2017|work=Webopedia|publisher=QuinStreet Inc.}}</ref> Ọrụ nwanne nwanyị, GoguluAdSense, na-enye ndị nwe webụsaịtị ohere igosipụta mgbasa ozi ndị a na webụsaịtị ha wee nweta ego mgbe ọ bụla pịnyere mgbasa ozi. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Beal|first=Vangie|date=December 20, 2010|title=AdSense - Google AdSense|url=http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/A/adsense.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170502044751/http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/A/adsense.html|archivedate=May 2, 2017|accessdate=May 27, 2017|work=Webopedia|publisher=QuinStreet Inc.}}</ref> Otu n'ime nkatọ nke mmemme a bụ ohere nke ịpị wayo, nke na-eme mgbe mmadụ ma ọ bụ edemede na-akpaghị aka na-agbanye na mgbasa ozi na-enweghị mmasị na ngwaahịa ahụ, na-eme ka onye mgbasa ozi kwụọ Gogulu ego na-ekwesịghị ekwesị. Akụkọ ụlọ ọrụ na 2006 kwuru na ihe dịka 14 ruo 20&nbsp;Pasent nke ọpịpị bụ aghụghọ ma ọ bụ ezighi ezi. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Mills|first=Elinor|date=July 25, 2006|title=Google to offer advertisers click fraud stats|work=news.cnet.com|publisher=[[CNET]]|url=http://news.cnet.com/Google-to-offer-advertisers-click-fraud-stats/2100-1024_3-6098469.html|accessdate=July 29, 2006}}</ref> Nchọgharị Ọchụchọ Gogulu (nke ewegharịrị site na Gogulu Webmaster Tools na Mee 2015) na-enye ndị na-ahụ maka webusaiti aka ịlele saịtị saịtị, ọnụego crawl, yana maka ihe nchekwa nke webụsaịtị ha, yana kwalite visibiliti webụsaịtị ha. === Ọrụ ndị ahịa === Gogulu na-enye Gmail maka email, <ref>{{Cite web|author=Gayomali|first=Chris|date=April 1, 2014|title=When Gmail Launched On April 1, 2004, People Thought It Was A Joke|url=https://www.fastcompany.com/3028513/when-gmail-launched-on-april-1-2004-people-thought-it-was-a-joke|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171018201644/https://www.fastcompany.com/3028513/when-gmail-launched-on-april-1-2004-people-thought-it-was-a-joke|archivedate=October 18, 2017|accessdate=June 12, 2017|work=[[Fast Company (magazine)|Fast Company]]|publisher=Mansueto Ventures}}</ref> Gogulu kalinda maka nhazi oge na nhazi oge, <ref>{{Cite web|author=Vincent|first=James|date=January 5, 2017|title=Google Calendar update makes it easier to track your New Year's fitness goals|url=https://www.theverge.com/2017/1/5/14175830/google-calendar-track-fitness-goals-health-data|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170113025213/http://www.theverge.com/2017/1/5/14175830/google-calendar-track-fitness-goals-health-data|archivedate=January 13, 2017|accessdate=June 12, 2017|work=[[The Verge]]|publisher=[[Vox Media]]}}</ref> [[Google Maps|Gogulu Maps]] maka eserese, igodo na ihe onyonyo satịlaịtị, <ref>{{Cite web|author=Broussard|first=Mitchel|date=March 22, 2017|title=Google Maps Introduces New Location Sharing Feature With Real-Time Friend Tracking|url=https://www.macrumors.com/2017/03/22/google-maps-location-sharing/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170327173708/https://www.macrumors.com/2017/03/22/google-maps-location-sharing/|archivedate=March 27, 2017|accessdate=June 12, 2017|work=[[MacRumors]]}}</ref> Gogulu Draivu maka nchekwa igwe ojii nke faịlụ, <ref name="verge-drive-announced">{{Cite web|author=Sottek|first=T.C.|date=April 24, 2012|title=Google Drive officially launches with 5&nbsp;GB free storage, Google Docs integration|url=https://www.theverge.com/2012/4/24/2971025/google-drive-official-launch-features|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161226161807/http://www.theverge.com/2012/4/24/2971025/google-drive-official-launch-features|archivedate=December 26, 2016|accessdate=June 12, 2017|work=[[The Verge]]|publisher=[[Vox Media]]}}</ref> Gogulu Docs, Ibé akwụkwọ na Ihe mmịfe maka nrụpụta, <ref name="verge-drive-announced" /> Foto Gogulumaka nchekwa foto na nkekọrịta, <ref>{{Cite web|author=Perez|first=Sarah|date=May 28, 2015|title=Google Photos Breaks Free Of Google+, Now Offers Free, Unlimited Storage|url=https://techcrunch.com/2015/05/28/google-photos-breaks-free-of-google-now-offers-free-unlimited-storage/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170706135643/https://techcrunch.com/2015/05/28/google-photos-breaks-free-of-google-now-offers-free-unlimited-storage/|archivedate=July 6, 2017|accessdate=June 12, 2017|work=[[TechCrunch]]|publisher=[[AOL]]}}</ref> Gogulu Nọgidenụ maka ndetu, <ref>{{Cite web|author=Graziano|first=Dan|date=March 20, 2013|title=Google launches Google Keep note-taking service [video]|url=http://bgr.com/2013/03/20/google-keep-annnounced-388095/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161008154306/http://bgr.com/2013/03/20/google-keep-annnounced-388095/|archivedate=October 8, 2016|accessdate=June 12, 2017|work=[[Boy Genius Report|BGR]]|publisher=[[Penske Media Corporation]]}}</ref> Gogulu Transleti maka ntụgharị asụsụ, YouTube maka ikiri vidiyo na ikesa, <ref>{{Cite web|author=Hamedy|first=Saba|date=February 28, 2017|title=People now spend 1 billion hours watching YouTube every day|url=http://mashable.com/2017/02/27/youtube-one-billion-hours-of-video-daily/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170517233015/http://mashable.com/2017/02/27/youtube-one-billion-hours-of-video-daily/|archivedate=May 17, 2017|accessdate=June 12, 2017|work=[[Mashable]]}}</ref> [[Google Maps|Gogulu My Business]] maka ijikwa ozi azụmahịa ọha, <ref>{{Cite web|title=Google My Business – Stand Out on Google for Free|url=https://www.google.com/business/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190207151521/https://www.google.com/business/|archivedate=February 7, 2019|accessdate=February 6, 2019|work=www.google.com}}</ref> na Duo maka mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya. Na Machị 2019, Gogulu weputara ọrụ egwuregwu igwe ojii akpọrọ Stadia . <ref name="unveils"/> Ngwaahịa ọchụchọ ọrụ dịkwa adị kemgbe tupu 2017, <ref>{{Cite web|author=Zakrasek|first=Nick|year=2017|title=Connecting more Americans with jobs|url=https://www.blog.google/products/search/connecting-more-americans-jobs/|work=blog.google}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Job Search on Google - Get Your Job Postings on Google Today|url=https://jobs.google.com/about|work=jobs.google.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Search Job Opportunities & Expand Career Skills|url=https://grow.google/job-seekers/|work=Grow With Google}}</ref> Gogulu maka Ọrụ bụ njirimara ọchụchọ emelitere nke na-achịkọta ndepụta sitere na bọọdụ ọrụ na saịtị ọrụ. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Ryan|first=Robin|year=2019|title=How To Use Google's Job Search Feature To Land A Job|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/robinryan/2019/08/06/how-to-use-googles-new-job-search-feature-to-land-a-job|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190806144615/https://www.forbes.com/sites/robinryan/2019/08/06/how-to-use-googles-new-job-search-feature-to-land-a-job/|archivedate=August 6, 2019|work=forbes.com}}</ref> Ụfọdụ ọrụ Gogulu adabereghị na webụ. Google Earth, nke ewepụtara na 2005, kwere ka ndị ọrụ hụ foto satịlaịtị dị elu sitere na ụwa niile n'efu site na ngwanrọ ndị ahịa ebudatara na kọmputa ha. <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Clarke, Philippa|year=2010|title=Using Google Earth to conduct a neighborhood audit: reliability of a virtual audit instrument|journal=Health & Place|volume=16|issue=6|pages=1224–1229|doi=10.1016/j.healthplace.2010.08.007|pmid=20797897}}</ref> ==== Ngwa ngwa ==== Gogulu na-emepụta sistemụ mkpanaka mkpanaka gam akporo, <ref>{{Cite web|author=Schonfeld|first=Erick|date=November 5, 2007|title=Breaking: Google Announces Android and Open Handset Alliance|url=https://techcrunch.com/2007/11/05/breaking-google-announces-android-and-open-handset-alliance/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170622140334/https://techcrunch.com/2007/11/05/breaking-google-announces-android-and-open-handset-alliance/|archivedate=June 22, 2017|accessdate=June 12, 2017|work=[[TechCrunch]]|publisher=[[AOL]]}}</ref> yana smartwatch ya, <ref>{{Cite web|author=D'Orazio|first=Dante|date=March 18, 2014|title=Google reveals Android Wear, an operating system for smartwatches|url=https://www.theverge.com/2014/3/18/5522226/google-reveals-android-wear-an-operating-system-designed-for|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170210034323/http://www.theverge.com/2014/3/18/5522226/google-reveals-android-wear-an-operating-system-designed-for|archivedate=February 10, 2017|accessdate=April 4, 2017|work=[[The Verge]]|publisher=[[Vox Media]]}}</ref> telivishọn, ụgbọ ala <ref>{{Cite web|author=Ong|first=Josh|date=June 25, 2014|title=Google announces Android TV to bring 'voice input, user experience and content' to the living room|url=https://thenextweb.com/google/2014/06/25/android-tv-google-io-2014/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170313130445/https://thenextweb.com/google/2014/06/25/android-tv-google-io-2014/|archivedate=March 13, 2017|accessdate=April 4, 2017|work=The Next Web}}</ref>, <ref>{{Cite web|author=Wilhelm|first=Alex|date=June 25, 2014|title=Google Announces Android Auto, Promises Enabled Cars By The End Of 2014|url=https://techcrunch.com/2014/06/25/google-announces-android-auto-promises-enabled-cars-by-end-of-2014/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170622135917/https://techcrunch.com/2014/06/25/google-announces-android-auto-promises-enabled-cars-by-end-of-2014/|archivedate=June 22, 2017|accessdate=April 4, 2017|work=[[TechCrunch]]|publisher=[[AOL]]}}</ref> na ịntanetị nke ihe -enyere ụdị ngwaọrụ dị iche iche aka. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Kastrenakes|first=Jacob|date=December 13, 2016|title=Android Things is Google's new OS for smart devices|url=https://www.theverge.com/2016/12/13/13924996/android-things-announced-smart-home-iot-operating-system|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170217131058/http://www.theverge.com/2016/12/13/13924996/android-things-announced-smart-home-iot-operating-system|archivedate=February 17, 2017|accessdate=April 4, 2017|work=[[The Verge]]|publisher=[[Vox Media]]}}</ref> Ọ na-etolitekwa ihe nchọgharị weebụ Gogulu kromu, <ref>{{Cite web|author=Pichai|first=Sundar|date=September 1, 2008|title=A fresh take on the browser|url=https://googleblog.blogspot.no/2008/09/fresh-take-on-browser.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160315022315/https://googleblog.blogspot.no/2008/09/fresh-take-on-browser.html|archivedate=March 15, 2016|accessdate=November 22, 2016|work=Official Google Blog}}</ref> na Kromu OS, sistemụ arụmọrụ dabere na Kromu. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Pichai|first=Sundar|date=July 7, 2009|title=Introducing the Google Chrome OS|url=https://googleblog.blogspot.no/2009/07/introducing-google-chrome-os.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161122222918/https://googleblog.blogspot.no/2009/07/introducing-google-chrome-os.html|archivedate=November 22, 2016|accessdate=November 22, 2016|work=Official Google Blog}}</ref> ==== Akụrụngwa ==== Na onwa Jenụwarị 2010, Gogulu wepụtara Nexus One, ekwentị gam akporo mbụ n'okpuru akara nke ya. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Siegler|first=MG|date=January 5, 2010|title=The Droid You're Looking For: Live From The Nexus One Event|url=https://techcrunch.com/2010/01/05/nexus-one-event/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161123054909/https://techcrunch.com/2010/01/05/nexus-one-event/|archivedate=November 23, 2016|accessdate=November 22, 2016|work=[[TechCrunch]]|publisher=[[AOL]]}}</ref> Ọ zụlitere ọtụtụ ekwentị na mbadamba n'okpuru akara " Nexus " <ref>{{Cite web|author=Ion|first=Florence|date=May 15, 2013|title=From Nexus One to Nexus 10: a brief history of Google's flagship devices|url=https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2013/05/from-the-nexus-one-to-the-nexus-10-a-brief-history-of-nexus-devices/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170624004245/https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2013/05/from-the-nexus-one-to-the-nexus-10-a-brief-history-of-nexus-devices/|archivedate=June 24, 2017|accessdate=June 12, 2017|work=[[Ars Technica]]|publisher=[[Condé Nast]]}}</ref> ruo mgbe ọ kwụsịrị na 2016, jiri akara ọhụrụ akpọrọ Pixel dochie ya. <ref name="Pixel inside story">{{Cite web|author=Bohn|first=Dieter|date=October 4, 2016|title=The Google Phone: The inside story of Google's bold bet on hardware|url=https://www.theverge.com/a/google-pixel-phone-new-hardware-interview-2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170106213353/http://www.theverge.com/a/google-pixel-phone-new-hardware-interview-2016|archivedate=January 6, 2017|accessdate=June 12, 2017|work=[[The Verge]]|publisher=[[Vox Media]]}}</ref> Na 2011, ewebata Akwukwo kromu nke na-agba na Kromu OS . <ref>{{Cite web|author=Pichai|first=Sundar|date=May 11, 2011|title=A new kind of computer: Chromebook|url=https://googleblog.blogspot.no/2011/05/new-kind-of-computer-chromebook.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161122222651/https://googleblog.blogspot.no/2011/05/new-kind-of-computer-chromebook.html|archivedate=November 22, 2016|accessdate=November 22, 2016|work=Official Google Blog}}</ref> Na Julaị 2013, Gogulu webatara Kromukastidongle, nke na-enye ndị ọrụ ohere ịkwanye ọdịnaya site na ekwentị ha na igwe onyonyo. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Robertson|first=Adi|date=July 24, 2013|title=Google reveals Chromecast: video streaming to your TV from any device for $35|url=https://www.theverge.com/2013/7/24/4552204/google-reveals-chromecast-tv-streaming|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161226065215/http://www.theverge.com/2013/7/24/4552204/google-reveals-chromecast-tv-streaming|archivedate=December 26, 2016|accessdate=November 29, 2016|work=[[The Verge]]|publisher=[[Vox Media]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=July 31, 2013|title=Google Chromecast takes on streaming content to TV|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-23514400|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161129205929/http://www.bbc.com/news/technology-23514400|archivedate=November 29, 2016|accessdate=November 29, 2016|work=[[BBC News]]|publisher=[[BBC]]}}</ref> Na June 2014, Gogulu kwuputara Gogulu kaadiboodu , ihe nlele kaadiboodu dị mfe nke na-eme ka onye ọrụ tinye ekwenti ha na oghere ihu opụrụ iche iji lelee mgbasa ozi eziokwu (VR). <ref>{{Cite web|author=O'Toole|first=James|date=June 26, 2014|title=Google's cardboard virtual-reality goggles|url=https://money.cnn.com/2014/06/25/technology/innovation/google-cardboard/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161129145138/http://money.cnn.com/2014/06/25/technology/innovation/google-cardboard/|archivedate=November 29, 2016|accessdate=November 29, 2016|publisher=[[CNN]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Kain|first=Erik|date=June 26, 2014|title=Google Cardboard Is Google's Awesomely Weird Answer To Virtual Reality|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/erikkain/2014/06/26/google-cardboard-is-googles-awesomely-weird-answer-to-virtual-reality/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161129151747/http://www.forbes.com/sites/erikkain/2014/06/26/google-cardboard-is-googles-awesomely-weird-answer-to-virtual-reality/|archivedate=November 29, 2016|accessdate=November 29, 2016|work=[[Forbes]]}}</ref> * Akwu, usoro nke onye enyemaka olu smart ọkà okwu nwere ike ịza ajụjụ olu, kpọọ egwu, chọta ozi sitere na ngwa (kalenda, ihu igwe wdg), yana jikwaa ngwa ụlọ smart nke ndị ọzọ (ndị ọrụ nwere ike ịgwa ya ka ọ gbanye ọkụ, maka ihe atụ). The Gogulu Nest ahịrị na-agụnye mbụ Gogulu Home <ref>{{Cite web|author=Bohn|first=Dieter|date=October 4, 2016|title=Google Home is smart, loud, and kind of cute|url=https://www.theverge.com/2016/10/4/13156676/google-home-assistant-speaker-photos-video-device-hands-on|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161007204916/http://www.theverge.com/2016/10/4/13156676/google-home-assistant-speaker-photos-video-device-hands-on|archivedate=October 7, 2016|accessdate=October 8, 2016|work=[[The Verge]]|publisher=[[Vox Media]]}}</ref> (mgbe e mesịrị na-aga nke ọma site Nest Audio ), na Gogulu Home Mini (mgbe e mesịrị na-aga nke ọma site Nest Mini, na Gogulu Home Max, Gogulu Home Hub (emesịa rebranded dị ka Nest Hub), na akwu Hub Max . * Nest Wifi (nke bụbu Gogulu Wifi), ihe ndị na-anya Wi-Fi ejikọrọ iji mee ka ọ dị mfe na ịgbatị mkpuchi Wi-Fi ụlọ. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Bohn|first=Dieter|date=October 4, 2016|title=The Google Wifi routers are little white pucks you can scatter throughout your house|url=https://www.theverge.com/2016/10/4/13157680/google-wifi-router-photos-hands-on|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161007180430/http://www.theverge.com/2016/10/4/13157680/google-wifi-router-photos-hands-on|archivedate=October 7, 2016|accessdate=October 8, 2016|work=[[The Verge]]|publisher=[[Vox Media]]}}</ref> === Ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ === Google Workspace (nke bụbu G Suite ruo Ọktoba 2020 <ref>{{Cite web|title=Announcing Google Workspace, everything you need to get it done, in one location|url=https://cloud.google.com/blog/products/workspace/introducing-google-workspace/|accessdate=October 24, 2020|work=Google Cloud Blog}}</ref> ) bụ onyinye ịdenye aha kwa ọnwa maka ndị otu na azụmaahịa iji nweta mkpokọta ọrụ Google, gụnyere Gmail, Google Drive na Google Docs, Google Sheets na Google Slides, yana njikwa nhazi ndị ọzọ. ngwaọrụ, aha ngalaba pụrụ iche, yana nkwado 24/7. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Choose a Plan|url=https://gsuite.google.com/intl/en_ie/pricing.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161212231639/https://gsuite.google.com/intl/en_ie/pricing.html|archivedate=December 12, 2016|accessdate=December 2, 2016|work=G Suite by Google Cloud}}</ref> == Ntinye ego AI na Africa == N'ọnwa Julaị 2025, Google na-etinye ego na AI, na mmemme nde $37 e mere iji mee ka mmepe ọgụgụ isi (AI) dị ngwa ngwa n'Africa, yana itinye ego site na nyocha obodo gaa na oru ngo na nlekota oru ugbo na ngbanwe nke teknụzụ na asụsụ Africa. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://afrique.le360.ma/afrique-australe/google-investit-37-millions-de-dollars-dans-le-developpement-de-lia-en-afrique_3AAIZ2DPL5HVJPMJ3BOAPUULBAs=Google na-etinye ego n'ime Afrịka | 360 Afrique |date=25 Julaị 2025| access-date=25 Julaị 2025}}</ref>. == Manazarta == <references responsive /> == Ihe ndetu == {{Notelist}} [[Òtù:Google]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] pbevg9v42pk5ow6ile87p5fia2k6rjt Grace Anigbata 0 11968 742081 194959 2026-10-30T12:12:46Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 742081 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Grace Chinonyelum Anigbata''' (amụrụ na ọnwa 16 Septemba na afọ 1998) bụ onye na-eme egwuregwu egwu na ama ama Naịjirịa bụ ọkachamara n'ịwụli elu atọ . Ọ gbara asọmpi n'egwuregwu Afrịka nke afọ 2019 n'ịwụli elu atọ wee nweta ihe nrite ọla edo. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://wrs-ag2019g.mev.atos.net/eng/at/engat_athletics-results-women-s-triple-jump-1-01.htm|title=African Games (Athletics) Results - Women's Triple Jump Final|work=2019 AG official website|accessdate=26 August 2019|archivedate=26 August 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190826205553/https://wrs-ag2019g.mev.atos.net/eng/at/engat_athletics-results-women-s-triple-jump-1-01.htm}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://punchng.com/team-nigerias-anigbata-grabs-triple-jump-gold-as-ogundeji-wins-discus-silver/|title=Team Nigeria’s Anigbata grabs triple jump gold, as Ogundeji wins discus silver|work=punchng.com|accessdate=27 August 2019}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.iaaf.org/news/report/african-games-2019-rabat-kigen-rengeruk|title=KIGEN AND RENGERUK LEAD CHARGE FOR KENYA ON FIRST DAY OF AFRICAN GAMES|work=iaaf.org|accessdate=26 August 2019}}</ref> N'afọ 2016, Grace Anigbata ghọrọ onye mmeri n'ọsọ elu Naịjirịa mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na asatọ, jiri mwụli elu 1.70m. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.makingofchamps.com/2016/07/09/olamigoke-wins-first-national-title-seasons-best-16-70m/|title=Olamigoke wins 1st National title with SB of 16.70m|work=makingofchamps.com|accessdate=7 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180807125125/https://www.makingofchamps.com/2016/07/09/olamigoke-wins-first-national-title-seasons-best-16-70m/|archive-date=7 August 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> N'afọ 2018, o meriri ihe omume ịma-elu nke okpukpu atọ nke asọmpi Africa na Asaba. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tellerreport.com/sports/--athletics---african-championships--marie-jos%C3%A9e-ta-lou-doubles-the-bet-.SkFB_h_H7.html|title=Athletics / African Championships: Marie Josée Ta Lou Doubles the Bet|work=tellerreport.com|accessdate=8 August 2018|archivedate=6 March 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220306104015/https://www.tellerreport.com/sports/--athletics---african-championships--marie-jos%C3%A9e-ta-lou-doubles-the-bet-.SkFB_h_H7.html}}</ref> == Edensịbịa == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Grace Anigbata at World Athletics [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] l2az57ichl20uwi4csmpfczifhk19yk Margaret Bamgbose 0 12553 742124 705221 2026-10-31T05:49:23Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 742124 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {{Infobox sportsperson|headercolor=lightgreen|education=[[University of Notre Dame]]|pb='''400 m''': <br>Outdoor 51.11 s (2016) <br> Indoor 52.10 (2015)|highestranking=|paralympics=|olympics=|nationals=|regionals=|team=|club=|collegeteam=[[Notre Dame Fighting Irish]]|event_type=[[Sprint (running)|Sprint]]|event=[[400 metres|400 m]]|sport=[[Athletics (sport)|Athletics]]|country={{flag|Nigeria}}|website=|name=Margaret Bamgbose|weight=62 kg|height=1.71 m<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/margaret-bamgbose |title=Rio 2016 Margaret Bamgbose bio |accessdate=2022-03-30 |archivedate=2016-11-25 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161125045105/https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/margaret-bamgbose }}</ref>|death_place=|death_date=|birth_place=[[Evanston, Illinois]]<br>[[United States]]|birth_date={{birth date and age|1993|10|19|df=yes}}|residence=|nickname=|fullname=|birth_name=|caption=|imagesize=|image=|updated=28 July 2016}} '''Margaret Bamgbose''' (amuru Ọktoba 19, 1993) bu onye oso egwu na ogige Naijiria nke ọpụrụiche na 400 mita . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.iaaf.org/athletes/nigeria/margaret-bamgbose-279288|title=IAAF: Margaret Bamgbose {{!}} Profile|work=iaaf.org|accessdate=2016-07-27}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye iri na otu n'oge niile America na Mahadum Notre Dame. == Ọkachamara == Bamgbose gbara ọsọ 400 mita na asọmpi mba ụwa nke afọ 2017 na nke iri abụọ n'oge 52.23. Bamgbose gbara ọkpụ ụzọ n'ọsọ 4 × 400 m relay maka Nigeria na asọmpi ime ụlọ nke ụwa nke afọ 2016 . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.und.com/sports/c-track/spec-rel/032116aaa.html|title=Alumnus Chris Giesting Races to Gold at IAAF World Indoor Championship|author=Mikes|first=Lizzie|date=2016-03-21|work=|publisher=|accessdate=2016-07-28}}</ref> Ndị otu nke mejupụtara Bamgbose, [[Regina George]], [[Tameka Jameson]] na Ada Benjamin Agbagharala oghere otu egwuregwu n'ebe nke anọ. O banyere nke atọ n'asọmpi Naijiria nke 2016 n'azụ [[Patience Okon George|Patience George]] na [[Omolara Omotosho|Omolara Omotoso]] wee si otú ahụ mechie ọkwa ya maka asọmpi Rio Olympik . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.makingofchamps.com/2016/07/08/okon-george-defends-400m-title-nigerian-olympic-trials/|title=Okon George defends 400m title at Nigerian Olympic Trials|author=Maduewesi|first=Christopher|date=2016-07-08|work=Making of Champions|publisher=|accessdate=2016-07-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160729045223/http://www.makingofchamps.com/2016/07/08/okon-george-defends-400m-title-nigerian-olympic-trials/|archive-date=2016-07-29|url-status=dead}}</ref>{| {{AchievementTable|Event=yes}} !colspan=6| Representing [[Athletics Federation of Nigeria]] |- |2017 |[[2017 World Championships in Athletics|2017 World Championships]] |[[Olympic Stadium (London)]] |20th |[[2017 World Championships in Athletics – Women's 400 metres|400 meters]] |52.23<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.iaaf.org/news/report/report-womens-400m-semi-final-iaaf-world-ch |title=2017 World Championships in Athletics WOMEN'S 400M SEMI-FINALS |author=IAAF |date=August 7, 2017 |work=[[IAAF]] |accessdate=October 26, 2017|author-link=IAAF }}</ref> |- |rowspan=2|2016 |[[Athletics at the 2016 Summer Olympics#Women|2016 Summer Olympics]] |[[Estádio Olímpico João Havelange]]<br>[[Rio de Janeiro]], [[Brazil]] |18th |[[Athletics at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Women's 400 metres|400 meters]] |51.92<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.iaaf.org/news/report/rio-2016-olympic-games-women-400m-semi-final |title=REPORT: WOMEN'S 400M SEMI-FINALS – RIO 2016 OLYMPIC GAMES |author=IAAF |date=August 14, 2016 |work=[[IAAF]] |accessdate=October 26, 2017|author-link=IAAF }}</ref> |- |[[2016 IAAF World Indoor Championships|2016 World Indoor Championships]] |[[Oregon Convention Center]]<br>[[Portland, Oregon|Portland]], [[Oregon]] |4th |[[2016 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Women's 4 × 400 metres relay|4x400 meters relay]] |3:34.03<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.iaaf.org/news/report/relay-portland-world-indoors-usa |title=REPORT: WOMEN'S 4X400M FINAL – IAAF WORLD INDOOR CHAMPIONSHIPS PORTLAND 2016 |author=IAAF |date=March 20, 2016 |work=[[IAAF]] |accessdate=October 26, 2017|author-link=IAAF }}</ref> |} == Notre Dame == N'afọ 2016, Bamgbose gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum Notre Dame wee nweta akara ugo mmụta na njikwa teknụzụ ozi sitere na mahadum Mendoza College of Business . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.chicagotribune.com/suburbs/evanston/sports/ct-evr-margaret-bamgbose-nigerian-olympic-team-tl-0714-20160714-story.html|title=Margaret Bamgbose qualifies for Nigeria's Olympic track team|author=Shalin|first=Dan|date=2016-07-15|work=Chicago Tribune|publisher=|accessdate=2016-07-27}}</ref> Onye America niile ugboro iri na otu, o debere kọleji kacha mma na 200 m na 400 m na 2016. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tfrrs.org/athletes/4172707/Notre_Dame_IN/Margaret_Bamgbose.html|title=TFRRS {{!}} Margaret Bamgbose|author=|first=|date=|work=www.tfrrs.org|publisher=U.S. Track & Field and Cross Country Coaches Association|accessdate=2016-07-28}}</ref> Na 2014 na 2015, ọ gbachara n'ebe nke isii na NCAA Outdoor finals na oge abụọ. O mekwara agba nke ikpeazụ n'afọ 2016 wee gụchaa n'ebe nke anọ. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.und.com/sports/c-track/mtt/margaret_bamgbose_810326.html|title=Margaret Bamgbose Bio|author=|first=|date=|work=Notre Dame Track & Field :: UND.COM :: The Official Site of Notre Dame Athletics|publisher=|accessdate=2016-07-27|archivedate=2016-07-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160723133029/http://www.und.com/sports/c-track/mtt/margaret_bamgbose_810326.html}}</ref> Ọ bụkwa onye mmeri ACC Indoor 400 Mita 2015. === NCAA Track and field Championship === {| {{AchievementTable|Event=yes}} !colspan=6| Representing [[Notre Dame Fighting Irish]] |- |rowspan=4|2016 |rowspan=2|[[2016 NCAA Division I Outdoor Track and Field Championships]] |rowspan=2|[[Eugene, Oregon]] |6th |[[4x400 meters relay]] |3:31.95<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tfrrs.org/results/46699_2884153.html?athlete_hnd=|title=2016 NCAA D1 Outdoor Championships - 4x400 m results - June 2016 |author=TFRRS |date=June 8, 2016 |work=TFRRS.org |accessdate=October 25, 2017}}</ref> |- |4th |[[400 metres|400 m]] |51.57<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tfrrs.org/results/46699_2884185.html?athlete_hnd=4172707|title=2016 NCAA D1 Outdoor Championships - 400 m results - June 2016 |author=TFRRS |date=June 8, 2016 |work=TFRRS.org |accessdate=October 25, 2017}}</ref> |- |rowspan=2|[[2016 NCAA Division I Indoor Track and Field Championships]] |rowspan=2|[[University of Alabama at Birmingham]] |5th |[[400 meters]] |52.12<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tfrrs.org/results/44282_2702428.html?athlete_hnd=4172707|title=2016 NCAA D1 Indoor Championships - 400 m results - 03/11/16 |author=TFRRS |date=March 11, 2016 |work=TFRRS.org |accessdate=October 25, 2017}}</ref> |- |6th |[[Distance medley relay]] |11:01.86<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tfrrs.org/results/44282_2702406.html?athlete_hnd=|title=2016 NCAA D1 Indoor Championships - DMR results - 03/11/16 |author=TFRRS |date=March 11, 2016 |work=TFRRS.org |accessdate=October 25, 2017}}</ref> |- |rowspan=4|2015 |rowspan=2|[[2015 NCAA Division I Outdoor Track and Field Championships]] |rowspan=2|[[Eugene, Oregon]] |12th |[[4x400 meters relay]] |3:35.625<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tfrrs.org/results/46699_2884153.html?athlete_hnd=|title=2015 NCAA D1 Outdoor Championships - 4x400 m results - June 2015 |author=TFRRS |date=June 13, 2015 |work=TFRRS.org |accessdate=October 25, 2017}}</ref> |- |6th |[[400 metres|400 m]] |52.13<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tfrrs.org/results/41405_2568026.html?athlete_hnd=4172707|title=2015 NCAA D1 Outdoor Championships - 400 m results - June 2015 |author=TFRRS |date=June 13, 2015 |work=TFRRS.org |accessdate=October 25, 2017}}</ref> |- |rowspan=2|[[2015 NCAA Division I Indoor Track and Field Championships]] |rowspan=2|[[University of Arkansas]] |6th |[[400 meters]] |52.65<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tfrrs.org/results/39148_2390389.html?athlete_hnd=4172707 |title=2015 NCAA D1 Indoor Championships - 400 m results - 03/14/15 |author=TFRRS |date=March 14, 2015 |work=TFRRS.org |accessdate=October 26, 2017}}</ref> |- |8th |[[Distance medley relay]] |11:15.96<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tfrrs.org/results/39148_2390356.html?athlete_hnd= |title=2015 NCAA D1 Indoor Championships - DMR results - 03/14/15 |author=TFRRS |date=March 14, 2015 |work=TFRRS.org |accessdate=October 26, 2017}}</ref> |- |rowspan=3|2014 |rowspan=2|[[2014 NCAA Division I Outdoor Track and Field Championships]] |rowspan=2|[[Eugene, Oregon]] |DNF |[[4x400 meters relay]] |DNF<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tfrrs.org/results/36208_2250520.html?athlete_hnd= |title=2014 NCAA D1 Outdoor Championships - 4x400 m results - June 2014 |author=TFRRS |date=June 14, 2014 |work=TFRRS.org |accessdate=October 25, 2017}}</ref> |- |6th |[[400 metres|400 m]] |51.72<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tfrrs.org/results/36208_2250551.html?athlete_hnd=4172707|title=2014 NCAA D1 Outdoor Championships - 400 m results - June 2014 |author=TFRRS |date=June 14, 2014 |work=TFRRS.org |accessdate=October 25, 2017}}</ref> |- |[[2014 NCAA Division I Indoor Track and Field Championships]] |[[University of New Mexico]] |bgcolor=cc9900|3rd |[[Distance medley relay]] |11:11.54<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tfrrs.org/results/34001_2083795.html?athlete_hnd= |title=2014 NCAA D1 Indoor Championships - DMR results - 03/15/14 |author=TFRRS |date=March 15, 2014 |work=TFRRS.org |accessdate=October 26, 2017}}</ref> |- |rowspan=3|2013 |rowspan=2|[[2013 NCAA Division I Outdoor Track and Field Championships]] |rowspan=2|[[Eugene, Oregon]] |19th |[[4x400 meters relay]] |3:38.22<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tfrrs.org/results/31188_1946750.html?athlete_hnd= |title=2013 NCAA D1 Outdoor Championships - 4x400 m results - June 2013 |author=TFRRS |date=June 8, 2013 |work=TFRRS.org |accessdate=October 25, 2017}}</ref> |- |18th |[[400 metres|400 m]] |53.38<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tfrrs.org/results/31188_1946782.html?athlete_hnd=4172707|title=2013 NCAA D1 Outdoor Championships - 400 m results - June 2013 |author=TFRRS |date=June 8, 2013 |work=TFRRS.org |accessdate=October 25, 2017}}</ref> |- |[[NCAA Women's Division I Indoor Track and Field Championships|2013 NCAA Division I Indoor Track and Field Championships]] |[[Fayetteville, Arkansas]]<br>[[Randal Tyson Track Center|University of Arkansas]] |11th |[[4x400 meters relay]] |3:35.85<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tfrrs.org/results/29008_1787827.html?athlete_hnd= |title=2013 NCAA D1 Indoor Championships - 4x400 m results - March 2013 |author=TFRRS |date=March 8, 2013 |work=TFRRS.org |accessdate=October 25, 2017}}</ref> |} == Nkeonwe na Prep == A mụrụ Bamgbose na United States na nne na nna si Naijiria, Sunday na Afusatu Bamgbose bụ ndị si [[Abeokuta]] na ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ Nigeria. <ref name=":0" /> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://suntimeshighschoolsports.com/2014/07/17/evanston-grad-margaret-bamgbose-enjoys-downtime-busy-spring-track/|title=Evanston grad Margaret Bamgbose enjoys downtime after busy spring on the track|author=Shalin|first=Dan|date=2014-07-17|work=Sun-Times High School Sports|accessdate=2016-07-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160821055809/http://suntimeshighschoolsports.com/2014/07/17/evanston-grad-margaret-bamgbose-enjoys-downtime-busy-spring-track/|archivedate=2016-08-21}}</ref> O nwere ụmụnne abụọ, nwanne nwanyị tọrọ ya na nwanne nwoke ọ tọrọ. Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Evanston Township High School, [[Ilinoi|Illinois]] . Bamgbose malitere dịka onye na awu ihe mgbochi n'ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na n'oge mahadum mbụ tupu ọ mara nke ọma na asọmpi 400 mita. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.evanstonroundtable.com/main.asp?SectionID=5&SubSectionID=5&ArticleID=12289|title=ETHS Alum Margaret Bamgbose to Compete in 2016 Olympics - Evanston RoundTable|author=Donohue|first=Jamie|date=2016-07-20|work=www.evanstonroundtable.com|publisher=Evanston Roundtable|accessdate=2016-07-27|archivedate=2016-08-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160807165038/http://www.evanstonroundtable.com/main.asp?SectionID=5&SubSectionID=5&ArticleID=12289}}</ref> == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}}{{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Margaret Bamgbose * [https://web.archive.org/web/20170801091927/http://www.all-athletics.com/node/565609 Profaịlụ egwuregwu niile] * Margaret Bamgbose {{Authority control}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 01ezn43hqjd3icvtqaec3f1igymz569 Harriet Anena 0 12564 742084 698927 2026-10-30T13:20:14Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 742084 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | birth_name = Harriet Anena | image = Portrait of Harriet Anena.jpg | birth_date = | birth_place = [[Gulu District]], Uganda | death_date = | death_place = | occupation = Writer | alma_mater = [[Makerere University]]<br />(Bachelor of Arts in [[Mass Communication]])<br />([[Master of Arts]] in human rights) [[Columbia University]]<br />(MFA Writing, [[Creative Nonfiction]]) | genre = Poetry, fiction, nonfiction | subject = | notableworks = ''A Nation In Labour'' (2015) | influences = | influenced = | awards = 2018 [[Wole Soyinka Prize for Literature in Africa]] | website = https://beranena.com }} {{Databox}} '''Harriet Anena''' bụ onye odee na onye na-eme ihe nkiri nke [[Uganda]], onye edemede ya gụnyere abụ, akụkọ ihe mere emena akụkọ ifo. Ọ bụ onye odee nke nchịkọta uri, ''A Nation In Labour'', nke e bipụtara na 2015, <ref name="somanystories">{{Cite web|url=http://somanystories.ug/reviews/2015/02/book-review-nation-labour-three-voices-one-book|title=Book Review: A Nation In Labour - Three voices, one book|publisher=somanystories.ug|date=March 2015|accessdate=17 March 2015|archivedate=3 May 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160503055425/http://somanystories.ug/reviews/2015/02/book-review-nation-labour-three-voices-one-book}}</ref> nke ritekwara 2018 Wole Soyinka Prize for Literature in Africa . <ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-12-10|title=Nigerian professor, Ugandan win Wole Soyinka Prize for Literature|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/artsbooks/300293-nigerian-professor-ugandan-win-wole-soyinka-prize-for-literature.html|accessdate=2022-02-28|language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=A poem is a machine made out of words: a review of 'A Nation In Labour' by Harriet Anena|author=Oduor Oduku|url=https://richardoduor.wordpress.com/tag/harriet-anena/|date=23 February 2015|accessdate=11 August 2020|work=richardoduor.wordpress.com|language=en}}</ref> ''The Economist'' kọwara ọrụ uri ya dị ka "mkpalite ịhụnanya na agha na-ejide". <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.economist.com/prospero/2019/08/23/the-writers-breathing-fresh-life-into-ugandan-literature|title=The writers breathing fresh life into Ugandan literature|author=L.T.|date=23 August 2019|work=The Economist}}</ref> == Mmalite ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Anena nye nne na nna Acholi wee zụlite ya na Gulu District nke Uganda. <ref name="shortstorydayafrica.org">{{Cite web|url=http://shortstorydayafrica.org/news/for-me-life-is-political|title='For Me, Life Is Political.' An Interview With Harriet Anena|publisher=Short Story Day Africa|date=30 September 2015|accessdate=2 October 2015|archivedate=24 March 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230324195053/http://shortstorydayafrica.org/news/for-me-life-is-political}}</ref> O tolitere n'oge agha afọ iri abụọ nke ndị nnupụisi nke Lord Resistance Army na-edu, ihe omume nke mụtara ma metụta edemede mbụ ya. Anena gara Gulu Public Primary School, Sacred Heart Secondary, na Gulu Central High School. Ọ nwetara nzere bachelọ nke Mass Communication na Mahadum Makerere na 2010 wee gụchaa ma nweta nzere Master of Arts n'ikike mmadụ site n'otu ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ na 2018. <ref name="monitor">{{Cite web|author=Joseph Ssemutooke|url=http://www.monitor.co.ug/artsculture/Reviews/making-budding-poet/-/691232/2615400/-/11yvvy0z/-/index.html|title=The making of a budding poet|work=Daily Monitor|date=7 February 2015|accessdate=17 March 2015}}</ref> Ọ na-agbaso mmemme ide ihe MFA na Mahadum Columbia na New York. == Ọrụ nta akụkọ == Anena rụrụ ọrụ na akwụkwọ ''akụkọ Daily Monitor'' dị ka onye nta akụkọ, onye nchịkọta akụkọ, na osote onye isi nchịkọta akụkọ site na 2009 ruo Septemba 2014. Ọ sonyeere African Center for Media Excellence na 2014 wee rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye na-azụ ndị nta akụkọ, onye nyocha mgbasa ozi, onye nhazi mmemme na onye na-emepụta ihe na ịntanetị ruo 2019. N'August 2019, Anena sonyeere Columbia Journal dị ka onye nchịkọta akụkọ n'ịntanetị ya. Ebipụtala akwụkwọ akụkọ ya na ''Daily Monitor'', <ref name="mo-n-itor">{{Cite web|author=Harriet Anena|date=27 November 2012|title=If Uganda 'divorced' colonialism, why are we on our knees over aid cuts?|url=http://www.monitor.co.ug/OpEd/Commentary/If-Uganda--divorced--colonialism--why-are-we-on/-/689364/1629784/-/113668rz/-/index.html|accessdate=17 March 2015|work=Daily Monitor|archivedate=20 November 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181120222527/https://www.monitor.co.ug/OpEd/Commentary/If-Uganda--divorced--colonialism--why-are-we-on/-/689364/1629784/-/113668rz/-/index.html}}</ref> <ref name="mo-n-i-tor">{{Cite web|author=Harriet Anena|date=27 January 2012|title=Govt must live up to its mandate and tackle the nodding disease|url=http://www.monitor.co.ug/OpEd/Commentary/-/689364/1314454/-/129lu16z/-/index.html|accessdate=17 March 2015|work=Daily Monitor|archivedate=20 November 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181120222537/https://www.monitor.co.ug/OpEd/Commentary/-/689364/1314454/-/129lu16z/-/index.html}}</ref> ''New Vision'', ''The Observer'', ''Columbia Journal'', ''Atlantic'' na ''Popula'' . Ọ kụzikwara ụmụ akwụkwọ na-amụ akwụkwọ akụkọ Specialized Writing na mahadum islam dị na Uganda . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/tea/magazine/anena-s-poetry-wins-wole-soyinka-prize-1409428|title=Anena's poetry wins Wole Soyinka Prize|author=Bamuturaki Musinguzi|date=28 December 2018|accessdate=12 February 2022}}</ref> == Ihe odide ya == Anena dere abụ mbụ ya, "Ọnọdụ nke nwa Acholi", na 2003. Ọ meriri asọmpi ide ihe nke ndi otu Acholi Religious Leaders Peace Initiative haziri, nke nyere ya aka nweta ego maka agụmakwụkwọ A-Level. <ref name="monitor" /> Ọ gara ogbako ihe nrite Caine nke 2013 emere na Uganda, akụkọ ya bụ "Watchdog Games" ka e bipụtara na antọlọjị A ''Memory This Size and Other History: The Caine Prize for African Writing, 2013'' . <ref name="m-o-nit-or">{{Cite web|title=Caine prize anthology launched|date=27 April 2013|work=Daily Monitor|author=Dennis D. Muhumuza|url=http://www.monitor.co.ug/artsculture/Reviews/Caine-prize-anthology-launched/-/691232/1759300/-/oh9h7l/-/index.html|accessdate=27 February 2015}}</ref> N'afọ 2013, e depụtara ya aha maka "Ghana Poetry Prize" maka uri ya "We Arise". <ref name="poetryfoundationghana">{{Cite web|url=http://www.poetryfoundationghana.org/index.php/en/featured/poetry-news/item/800-shortlist-for-ghana-poetry-prize-2013-released|title=Shortlist for Ghana Poetry Prize 2013 Released|publisher=poetryfoundationghana.org|accessdate=17 March 2015}}</ref> ''A Nation In Labour,'' nke e bipụtara na 2015, bụ akwụkwọ mbụ ya, <ref name="magunga">{{Cite web|url=http://www.magunga.com/a-nation-in-labour|title=A Nation In Labour|author=Oduor Jagero|work=The Magunga|date=15 March 2015|accessdate=17 March 2015|archivedate=2 April 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402101202/http://www.magunga.com/a-nation-in-labour/}}</ref> bu nchịkọta uri "ndị na-ahụ maka ọha na eze". The ''New Vision'' dere na "Anena na ya usoro nke uri ya ga-eme ka ị guru na-aga n'ihu" <ref>Caroline Ariba (27 June 2016), [https://www.newvision.co.ug/new_vision/news/1427988/book-review-nation-labour "Book review: A nation is in labour"], ''New Vision''.</ref> Dị ka Tomiwa Ilori si kọwa ya, " ''A Nation in Labour'' bụ akwụkwọ akụkọ nwere akụkụ anọ nke na-eji asụsụ dị elu na-ekwu maka egwu. Nchịkọta uri nke Anena na-adọ ọha mmadụ aka ná ntị banyere usoro uru ya gbagọrọ agbagọ site n'iji nlezianya eme ihe nke nzaghachi njakịrị nke na-ada ụda. Akụkụ nke ọ bụla n'ime akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ na-eme ka ụmụ mmadụ na-adaba n'ụkpụrụ mmiri." <ref>{{Cite web|author=Tomiwa Ilori|url=http://wawabookreview.com/2015/10/27/rhetoric-of-pain-and-other-resources/|title=Rhetoric of Pain and Other Resources|work=Wawa Book Review|date=27 October 2015|accessdate=31 March 2022|archivedate=9 December 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181209124239/http://wawabookreview.com/2015/10/27/rhetoric-of-pain-and-other-resources/}}</ref> Na Nọvemba 2018, ''A Nation In Labour'' ka e depụtara aha ya maka Biennial Wole Soyinka Prize for Literature in Africa, ya na mkpokọta nke Tanure Ojaide na Servio Gbadamosi. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2018/11/03/nine-african-poets-shortlisted-for-2018-wole-soyinka-prize-for-literature/|title=Nine African poets shortlisted for 2018 Wole Soyinka Prize for Literature|author=Kazeem Ugbodada|work=P.M. News|date=3 November 2018}}</ref> <ref>''Daily Graphic'' (19 November 2018), [https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/9-african-poets-on-2018-wole-soyinka-prize-for-literature-list.html "9 African poets on 2018 Wole Soyinka Prize for Literature list"], ''Graphic Online''.</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thecable.ng/arena-ojaide-gbadamosi-shortlisted-for-wole-soyinka-prize-for-literature|title=Arena, Ojaide, Gbadamosi shortlisted for Wole Soyinka Prize for Literature|author=Jemilat Nasiru|work=The Cable|date=28 November 2018}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.jamesmurua.com/wole-soyinka-prize-for-literature-2018-shortlist-announced/|author=James Murua|title=Wole Soyinka Prize for Literature 2018 shortlist announced|work=James Murua's Literature Blog|date=29 November 2018|accessdate=31 March 2022|archivedate=27 March 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327102046/http://www.jamesmurua.com/wole-soyinka-prize-for-literature-2018-shortlist-announced/}}</ref> Na 9 Disemba 2018, na emume nturu ugo emere na [[Lagos]], Nigeria, Anena na Ojaide ka akpọputara dika ndị mmeri jikọrọ aka. Ọ bụ Toyin Falola, Olu Obafemi na Margaret Busby (oche oche) kpere ikpe nke ihe nrite a. <ref>Bamuturaki Musinguzi (10 November 2018), [https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/tea/magazine/ugandan-poet-longlisted-for-wole-soyinka-prize-1406272 "Ugandan poet longlisted for Wole Soyinka prize"], ''The East African''.</ref> Ọ bụ onye Nobel Laureate, Prọfesọ [[Wole Soyinka]] nyere onyinye a. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.jamesmurua.com/prof-tanure-ojaide-harriet-anena-are-joint-wole-soyinka-prize-for-literature-2018-winners/|title=Prof Tanure Ojaide, Harriet Anena are joint Wole Soyinka Prize for Literature 2018 winners|author=James Murua|work=James Murua's Literature Blog|date=10 December 2018|accessdate=31 March 2022|archivedate=30 March 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190330183452/http://www.jamesmurua.com/prof-tanure-ojaide-harriet-anena-are-joint-wole-soyinka-prize-for-literature-2018-winners/}}</ref> <ref>Joseph Kizza, [https://www.newvision.co.ug/new_vision/news/1491013/ugandan-wins-2018-wole-soyinka-prize-literature "Ugandan wins 2018 Wole Soyinka Prize for Literature"], ''New Vision'', 10 December 2018.</ref> <ref>Kungu Al-Mahadi Adam, [https://www.softpower.ug/ugandan-author-harriet-anena-wins-2018-wole-soyinka-prize/ "Ugandan Author, Harriet Anena Wins 2018 Wole Soyinka Prize"], ''SoftPower News'', 10 December 2018.</ref> Ọrụ ya pụtara na 2019's ''New Daughters of Africa : Anthology International of Writing site na Women of African Descent'', <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230324195054/https://myriadeditions.com/books/new-daughters-of-africa/#:~:text=New%20Daughters%20of%20Africa%3A%20An%20International%20Anthology%20of,Africa%2C%20published%2025%20years%20ago%20to%20global%20acclaim ''New Daughters of Africa''] at Myriad Editions.</ref> nke Margaret Busby deziri. == Ihe nrite na nnabata == Na Disemba 2018, a kpọrọ Harriet Anena onye mmeri nke 2018 Wole Soyinka Prize for Literature in Africa maka akwụkwọ ya ''A Nation in Labour'', nke e bipụtara na 2015. <ref>Ninsiima Julian, [http://www.pmldaily.com/news/2018/12/ugandas-harriet-anena-of-acugandas-harriet-anena-wins-wole-soyinka-prize-for-literature-in-africa-2018me-wins-wole-soyinka-prize-for-literature-in-africa.html "Uganda’s Harriet Anena wins Wole Soyinka Prize for Literature in Africa 2018"], ''PML Daily'', 10 December 2018.</ref> <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190402130911/http://edge.ug/2018/12/10/ugandan-writer-harriet-anena-wins-wole-soyinka-literature-prize/ "Ugandan writer Harriet Anena wins Wole Soyinka Literature Prize"], ''Edge'', 10 December 2018.</ref> Ya na Prọfesọ Tanure Ojaide jikọrọ aka nweta ihe nrite ahụ. Anena nwetara ihe nrite ya na emume emere na Lagos, Nigeria, nke [[Wole Soyinka]], onye mbụ nwetara ihe nrite Nobel n'akwụkwọ n'Afrịka, bụ onye a kpọrọ ihe nrite ahụ na-aha ya. Wole Soyinka Prize for Literature bụ "ihe nrite ederede pan-African a na-enye kwa afọ maka ọrụ agụmagụ kacha mma nke onye Africa mepụtara". <ref>{{Cite web|date=10 December 2018|url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/Ugandan-author-Anena-Soyinka-Literature-Ojaide-prize/688334-4888872-o5j6ad/index.html|title=Ugandan author is joint winner of Wole Soyinka Prize for Literature|accessdate=10 December 2018|author=Monitor Reporter}}</ref> Edepụtara akụkọ mkpirikpi Anena "Dancing with Ma" maka 2018 Commonwealth Short Story Prize . <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20221225191856/https://www.commonwealthwriters.org/2018-cssp-shortlist/ "2018 Commonwealth Short Story Prize Shortlist"], Commonwealth Writers, 23 May 2018.</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/tea/magazine/ugandan-writer-shortlisted-for-commonwealth-prize-1395662|title=Ugandan writer shortlisted for Commonwealth prize|author=Bamuturaki Musinguzi|work=The East African|date=8 June 2018}}</ref> Na 2017 na 2018, akụkọ ifo ya dị mkpirikpi, "The Satan's Inside My Jimmy" na "Waiting", bụ ndị arọputakwara maka ihe nrite Africa Short Story Day. == Ọrụ ebipụtara == === Nchịkọta uri === * {{Cite book|title=A Nation In Labour|publisher=CreateSpace Publishing|location=Kampala, Uganda|year=2015}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=A Nation in Labour {{!}} A Poetry Collection|url=https://www.goodreads.com/work/best_book/53413186-a-nation-in-labour-a-poetry-collection|accessdate=11 August 2020|work=www.goodreads.com}}</ref> === Abụ ahọpụtara === * "Mgbaghara" na "Anyị Bilie", na{{Cite book|title=A Thousand Voices Rising: An anthology of contemporary African poetry|editor=Beverley Nambozo Nsengiyunva|publisher=BN Poetry Foundation|year=2014|isbn=978-9970-9234-0-3}} <cite class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFBeverley_Nambozo_Nsengiyunva2014">''Otu puku olu na-ebili: akwụkwọ akụkọ uri Africa nke oge a'' .</cite> <cite class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFBeverley_Nambozo_Nsengiyunva2014">BN Poetry Foundation.</cite> <cite class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFBeverley_Nambozo_Nsengiyunva2014">ISBN&nbsp;</cite><bdi><cite class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFBeverley_Nambozo_Nsengiyunva2014">978-9970-9234-0-3</cite></bdi> <cite class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFBeverley_Nambozo_Nsengiyunva2014">.</cite> * [https://web.archive.org/web/20180824230041/http://enkare.org/sharing-man-country-harriet-anena/ "Ịkekọrịta nwoke m nwere obodo"] na ''nyocha Enkare'', 15 Septemba 2016 * [https://web.archive.org/web/20191101081328/http://africanwriterstrust.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/suubi.pdf "M Nwụrụ Ndụ"] na ''mkpokọta Suubi'' (2013) === Akụkọ mkpirisi ahọpụtara === * " [https://web.archive.org/web/20230426141215/http://shortstorydayafrica.org/books/ The Satans Inside My Jimmy] " na ''họtelu Africa: New Short Fiction from Africa'', 2019 * [https://www.addastories.org/dancing-with-ma/ "Dancing with Ma"] na ''adda'', 2018 * "Waiting " na ''ID: Akụkọ ifo dị mkpụmkpụ ọhụrụ sitere na Africa'', 2018 * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160328015147/http://somanystories.ug/features/short-stories/2014/07/dogs-hungry-harriet-anena "The Dogs Are Hungry"] na ''Sooo Ọtụtụ Akụkọ'', 2014 * [http://bookslive.co.za/blog/2014/05/02/writivism-flash-fiction-friday-early-for-nwacheta-games-of-guilt-a-question-of-underwear-and-the-axe/ "The Axe"] na ''Bookslive,'' 2014. === Akụkọ ahọpụtara === * " [https://web.archive.org/web/20211215105037/http://columbiajournal.org/review-no-roses-from-my-mouth-by-dr-stella-nyanzi/#:~:text=Review%3A%20No%20Roses%20from%20My%20Mouth%20by%20Dr.,thorny%20as%20the%20writing%20that%20got%20her%20imprisoned. Ntụle: Enweghị Roses si n'ọnụ m sitere n'aka Dr Stella Nyanzi] ", ''Columbia Journal'', 25 February 2020 * [https://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/Strange-men-stronger-sex-weaker-sex-rape/688334-5415008-3lnj18/index.html "Ihe dị ịtụnanya na ụmụ nwoke, ndị na-enwe mmekọahụ siri ike, kwesịrị ịdị na-esikwu ike n'ime nwoke na nwanyị"], ''Daily Monitor'', 12 Jenụwarị 2020 * [https://www.theatlantic.com/education/archive/2019/07/columbia-costs-mfa/593215/ "Ana m ewepụ Akaụntụ Bank m ka ọ gaa Columbia"], ''The Atlantic'', 18 Julaị 2019 * [https://anenah.wordpress.com/2019/06/15/for-dr-stella-nyanzi-i-plead-guilty-to-silence/ "Maka Dr. Stella Nyanzi: M na-arịọ m ikpe ka ọ gbachie nkịtị"], ''Njem N'ime'', 15 June 2019 * [https://anenah.wordpress.com/2019/02/12/misscurvyuganda-heres-why-we-are-cutting-the-tree-and-ignoring-the-roots/ "#MissCurvyUganda: Nke a bụ ihe mere anyị ji egbutu osisi ma na-eleghara mgbọrọgwụ anya"], ''Njem N'ime'', 12 February 2019 * [https://popula.com/2018/10/18/a-sack-of-cash/ "Otu akpa ego: Mgbe Onye isi ala Museveni mere ka mmiri zoo"], ''Popula'', 18 October 2018 * [https://popula.com/2018/09/20/the-end-of-allowing/ "Njedebe nke inye ohere: Bobi Wine, Bebe Cool na Uganda's Bottle Revolution"], ''Popula'', 20 Septemba 2018 * [https://web.archive.org/web/20190427114017/https://www.monitor.co.ug/Magazines/PeoplePower/Mr-President--how-much-do-you-know-about--conflict-resolution-/689844-2029612-igib7a/index.html "Maazị President, ole ka ị maara maka mgbagha esemokwu?"] , ''Daily Monitor'', 13 October 2013 * [https://www.monitor.co.ug/Magazines/PeoplePower/Gen-Sejusa--you-owe-my-people-an-apology/689844-2121250-gf98wv/index.html "Gen Sejusa, i ji ndị m ụgwọ mgbaghara"], ''Daily Monitor'', 22 Disemba 2013 * [http://www.monitor.co.ug/Magazines/PeoplePower/Child-labour-should-be-a-concern-for-all/-/689844/1734666/-/r4rjen/-/index.html "Ọrụ ụmụaka kwesịrị ịbụ nchegbu maka mmadụ niile"], ''Daily Monitor'', 31 Maachị 2013. == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://anenah.wordpress.com/ Webụsaịtị gọọmentị] [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 576uyid3x3u33jxjtdho759zihktlzr Human trafficking in the United States 0 12817 742087 193910 2026-10-30T14:46:47Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 742087 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Ịzụ ahịa mmadụ''' bụ ụdị ịgba ohu nke oge a, na mbubata iwu na-akwadoghị na ịzụ ahịa nke ndị mmadụ (gụnyere ụmụaka), maka ọrụ mmanye ma ọ bụ mmegbu mmekọahụ. A na-akọwa ịzụ ahịa dị ka iwebata, njem, ịnyefe, ịnabata, ma ọ bụ ịnata ndị mmadụ site na mmanye, ịtọrọ mmadụ, ighogbu, aghugho, ma ọ bụ iji ike eme ihe n'ụzọ na-ezighị ezi site n'ọnọdụ nke ọghọm maka ebumnuche nke mmegbu. Ịzụ ahịa mmadụ malitere dị nnọọ ka ịgba ohu ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụghị n'ihu.<ref>{{Cite web|title=History/Background|url=http://wrrenger.weebly.com/historybackground.html|accessdate=2021-11-08|work=wrrenger.weebly.com}}</ref>Ihe a na-akpọ ịgba ohu nke oge a nwere ihe dị ka nde mmadụ 4.8 o metutara kwa afọ n'ụwa niile na 51% nke ngụkọta ahụ bụ ụmụ nwanyị na 20% bụ ụmụ agbọghọ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Table S1: Temporal scale showing the respective period when a new antibiotic has been discovered, main period of clinical usage and the approximate year when a first resistance to that compound has been documented|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4197/supp-4|accessdate=2021-11-08|work=dx.doi.org}}</ref> Ịzụ ahịa mmadụ abụghị otu ihe na mbugharị mmanye ma ọ bụ mbubata.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.state.gov/j/tip/rls/fs/2017/272005.htm|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170628044001/https://www.state.gov/j/tip/rls/fs/2017/272005.htm|archivedate=2017-06-28|title=Human Trafficking & Migrant Smuggling: Understanding the Difference|work=U.S. Department of State|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-05-10}}</ref> Ha nwere ọtụtụ afọ. Ndị na-azụ ahịa mmekọahụ ruo ihe dị ka afọ iri abụọ na ise na-amalitekarị mgbe ha dị afọ iri na anọ. Na United States, ịzụ ahịa mmadụ na-emekarị gburugburu ebe njem mba ụwa nwere nnukwu ndị mbịarambịa, ọkachasị [[California]], [[Texas]] na Georgia. Ngalaba ikpe ziri ezi nke United States na-eme atụmatụ na mmadụ 35,500–170,500 na-abanye na mba ahụ n'ụzọ iwu na-akwadoghị kwa afọ. 2016 Global Slavery Index na-eme atụmatụ na gụnyere ụmụ amaala United States na ndị mbịarambịa 57,700 mmadụ n'ụwa niile bụ ndị na-azụ ahịa mmadụ.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.globalslaveryindex.org/findings/|title=Findings- Global Slavery Index 2016|work=Global Slavery Index|accessdate=2017-05-21|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171224033009/https://www.globalslaveryindex.org/findings/|archive-date=2017-12-24|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ndị a na-azụ ahịa gụnyere ụmụaka, ndị nọ n'afọ iri na ụma, ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị ma nwee ike ịbụ ụmụ amaala obodo ma ọ bụ ndị mba ọzọ. N'okpuru iwu gọọmentị etiti (18 USC § 1589), ọ bụ mpụ ime ka ndị mmadụ rụọ ọrụ site na iji ike, mmanye ma ọ bụ egwu. Ụlọ ọrụ ngalaba U.S State na-enyocha ma na-alụso ịzụ ahịa mmadụ ọgụ tinyere mba ahụ na "Tier 1" na 2017.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.state.gov/j/tip/rls/tiprpt/2017/271117.htm|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170628043920/https://www.state.gov/j/tip/rls/tiprpt/2017/271117.htm|archivedate=2017-06-28|title=Trafficking in Persons Report 2017: Tier Placements|work=www.state.gov|language=en-US|accessdate=2017-12-01}}</ref> Na Eprel 11, 2018, Onye isi ala Amerịka bụ [[Donald Trump]] bịanyere aka na kwụsị ime omume ịzụ ahịa mmekọahụ ka ọ bụrụ iwu, nke ebumnuche ya bụ imechi ebe nrụọrụ weebụ nke na-eme ka mpụ ahụ mee, na ikpe ndị nwe ha na ndị ọrụ ha ikpe.<ref>[https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/true-crime/wp/2018/04/11/trump-signs-fosta-bill-targeting-online-sex-trafficking-enables-states-and-victims-to-pursue-websites/ Trump signs ‘FOSTA’ bill targeting online sex trafficking, enables states and victims to pursue websites] ''The Washington Post'', April 11, 2018</ref> == Akụkọ == Dị ka Ngalaba nke Steeti 2011 Trafficking in Persons Report si kwuo, United States bụ mba ọkwa 1 maka ịzụ ahịa. Ọkwa 1 pụtara na gọọmentị na-agbaso ụkpụrụ kacha nta nke gọọmentị United States nke Iwu Nchedo Ndị Na-ahụ Maka Ịzụ ahịa na Ime Ihe Ike nke 2000 iji kpochapụ ịzụ ahịa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/tip/rls/rm/2013/211833.htm|title=The State Department 2013 Trafficking in Persons Report|author=CdeBaca|first=Luis|date=July 11, 2013|accessdate=July 27, 2014|work=state.gov|publisher=[[United States Department of State]]}}</ref> Ụkpụrụ kacha nta dị ka edepụtara na ngalaba 108 nke iwu ahụ bụ: === Onyeisi okikpe gburugburu === Dị ka akụkọ onyeisi okikpe gburugburu nke afọ 2005 si kwuo, a na-eme atụmatụ na mmadụ 14,500–17,500 na-abanye na United States kwa afọ, ọ bụ ezie na ọnụ ọgụgụ ahụ nwere ike ikwubiga okwu ókè.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Attorney General's Annual Report to Congress on U.S. Government Activities to Combat Trafficking in Persons Fiscal Year 2005|url=http://www.usdoj.gov/ag/annualreports/tr2005/agreporthumantrafficing2005.pdf|work=usdoj.gov|publisher=Department of Justice|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090530110057/http://www.usdoj.gov/ag/annualreports/tr2005/agreporthumantrafficing2005.pdf|archivedate=May 30, 2009|quote=This figure was an early attempt to quantify a hidden problem. Further research is ongoing to determine a more accurate figure based on more advanced methodologies and more complete understanding of the nature of trafficking.}}</ref> === Mbata na Ndị kọstọm Mmanye === N'ime afọ 2009, ICE malitere ikpe 566. Nnyocha ndị a dugara na njide ndị omempụ 388, ihe karịrị okpukpu abụọ nke ọnụ ọgụgụ njide site na afọ ego gara aga, nke kpatara ebubo 148 na ikpe 165.<ref name="justice2010">{{Cite journal|title=Attorney General's Annual Report to Congress and Assessment of U.S. Government Activities to Combat Trafficking in Persons|journal=Office of the Attorney General|year=2010|url=https://www.justice.gov/archive/ag/annualreports/tr2009/agreporthumantrafficking2009.pdf|accessdate=March 18, 2012}}</ref>   == Edensịbia == eb9bs3t5zbswhyrxjgrz823ks5yho3c Isabel dos Santos 0 13774 742091 727825 2026-10-30T17:40:49Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 742091 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Isabel dos Santos''' (a mụrụ n'ụbọchị nke 20 n'ọnwa Eprel n'afọ 1973) bụ nwanyị na-azụ ahịa nke Angola na Russia, nwa mbụ nke onye isi ala Angola bụbu José Eduardo dos Santos, onye chịrị mba ahụ dị ka onye ọchịchị aka ike site n'afọ 1979 ruo n'afọ 2017. [nkọwa dị mkpa] Ozugbo e lere ya anya dị ka nwanyị kasị baa ọgaranya n'Africa dị ka magazin ''Forbes'' si kwuo, na ọnụ ahịa ya karịrị ijeri US $ 2, e wepụrụ ya na ndepụta magazin ahụ na Jenụwarị 2021 mgbe a kpọchiri akụ ya na Angola, Portugal na [[Netherlands]].<ref name="Forbes21">{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/kerryadolan/2021/01/22/the-unmaking-of-a-billionaire-how-africas-richest-woman-went-broke/|title=How Isabel Dos Santos, Once Africa's Richest Woman, Went Broke|date=2021-01-22|work=[[Forbes]]}}</ref> O ji ụlọ ọrụ PT Ventures ụgwọ nde $ 340 .<ref name="Forbes21b">{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/kerryadolan/2021/02/01/former-angolan-billionaire-isabel-dos-santos-is-liable-for-340-million-payment-after-french-court-ruling/?sh=776a1d6630a2|title=Former Angolan Billionaire Isabel Dos Santos Is Liable For $340 Million Payment After French Court Ruling|author=Dolan|first=Kerry A.|work=Forbes|date=22 January 2021|accessdate=6 February 2021}}</ref> N'afọ 2013 ''Forbes'' kọwara otú dos Santos si nweta akụ na ụba ya site n'itinye aka na ụlọ ọrụ na-azụ ahịa na Angola, na-atụ aro na akụ na ụba ya sitere na ike na njikọ ezinụlọ ya.<ref name="DolanForbes">{{Cite news|work=Forbes|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/kerryadolan/2013/08/14/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman/|title=Daddy's Girl: How An African 'Princess' Banked $3 Billion in a Country Living On $2 Per Day|first=Kerry A.|author=Dolan|date=14 August 2013|accessdate=16 March 2016|archive-date=7 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307193348/http://www.forbes.com/sites/kerryadolan/2013/08/14/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://economico.sapo.pt/noticias/isabel-dos-santos-desmente-acusacoes-de-enriquecimento-ilicito-feitas-pela-forbes_175473.html|title=Isabel dos Santos desmente acusações de enriquecimento ilícito feitas pela Forbes|work=Económico|accessdate=19 March 2019|archivedate=29 August 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160829234627/http://economico.sapo.pt/noticias/isabel-dos-santos-desmente-acusacoes-de-enriquecimento-ilicito-feitas-pela-forbes_175473.html}}</ref> Gọọmentị Angola, kemgbe afọ 2018, na-anwa ikpe Isabel dos Santos ikpe na nrụrụ aka gara aga nke nwere ike ibute ọdịda Angola na-aga n'ihu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.angonoticias.com/Artigos/item/62572/gestao-da-sonangol-pgr-mandou-instaurar-processo-criminal-contra-isabel-dos-santos|title=Gestão da Sonangol: PGR mandou instaurar processo criminal contra Isabel dos Santos|work=ANGONOTÍCIAS|accessdate=23 October 2019}}</ref> Na 30 Disemba 2019, Ụlọikpe mpaghara Luanda nyere iwu ka a kpọchie akaụntụ ụlọ akụ nke dos Santos nke Angola ma weghara osisi ya na ụlọ ọrụ mpaghara, gụnyere Unitel na Banco de Fomento Angola.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-50956370|title=Angola orders Isabel dos Santos asset seizure|date=31 December 2019|publisher=BBC}}</ref> A na-enyocha ya na Portugal ma kemgbe ahụ, ọ na-ewere United Arab Emirates dị ka mba obibi ya.<ref name="JEconómico">{{Cite news|url=https://jornaleconomico.sapo.pt/noticias/exclusivo-dciap-investiga-operacoes-de-isabel-dos-santos-denunciadas-por-ana-gomes-534043|title=Exclusivo. DCIAP investiga operações de Isabel dos Santos denunciadas por Ana Gomes|first=Lígia|author=Simões|publisher=Jornal Económico|date=10 January 2020|language=pt|accessdate=11 January 2020}}</ref><ref name="DW">{{Cite news|url=https://www.dw.com/pt-002/angola-cidad%C3%A3-russa-isabel-dos-santos-imune-%C3%A0-extradi%C3%A7%C3%A3o/a-51932233|title=Angola: Cidadã russa Isabel dos Santos imune à extradição?|publisher=DeutscheWelle|language=pt|date=9 January 2020|accessdate=11 January 2020}}</ref><ref name="RFI">{{Cite news|url=http://www.rfi.fr/afrique/20200111-portugal-justice-ouvre-enquete-isabel-dos-santos-angola|title=Portugal: la justice ouvre une enquête sur Isabel dos Santos|language=fr|date=11 January 2020|accessdate=11 January 2020}}</ref> Izu abụọ ka e mesịrị, Gọọmentị [[Angola]] kwupụtara na ọ na-akwadebe agha iwu maka ịnara akụ dos Santos na Portugal, usoro nke na-arụ ọrụ n'ụdị akwụkwọ ozi rogatory zigara Portugal iji kwụsị ịnyefe ego site na Portuguese Commercial Bank gaa na ụlọ akụ [[Mpaghara Russia|Russia]]. [nke?<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.angola24horas.com/index.php/angola-24-horas-noticias/item/15706-governo-angolano-prepara-confisco-de-bens-de-isabel-dos-santos-em-portugal|title=Governo angolano prepara confisco de bens de Isabel dos Santos em Portugal|publisher=Angola24horas|language=pt|date=11 January 2020|accessdate=11 January 2020}}</ref><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5D;</sup><ref name="JEconómico2">{{Cite news|url=https://jornaleconomico.sapo.pt/noticias/de-bestial-a-persona-non-grata-531049|title=De bestial a persona non-grata|first=Vítor|author=Norinha|publisher=Jornal Económico|date=3 January 2020|language=pt|accessdate=13 January 2020}}</ref> Na Disemba 2021 amachibidoro Dos Santos ịbanye na [[Njikọ̀taọ̀hà|United States]] maka "Nnukwu Nrụ Aka".<ref>{{Cite news|date=2021-12-10|title=Isabel dos Santos: Angolan billionaire hit with US visa restrictions|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-59616316|accessdate=2022-02-16}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-12-13|title=Angola: Isabel dos Santos, ‘Dino’ and ‘Kopelipa’ sanctioned by US|url=https://www.theafricareport.com/155984/angola-isabel-dos-santos-dino-and-kopelipa-sanctioned-by-us/|accessdate=2022-02-16|work=The Africa Report.com|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ezinụlọ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Isabel dos Santos na Baku, Azerbaijan SSR, ọkpara nke onye isi ala Angola bụbu José Eduardo dos Santos na nwunye mbụ ya, Tatiana Kukanova, onye amụrụ na Russia, onye ọ zutere mgbe ọ na-agụ akwụkwọ na mba Soviet nke Azerbaijan.<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jan/25/isobel-dos-santos-africas-first-female-billionaire The Guardian: "Isabel dos Santos, dubbed 'princess', named Africa's first female billionaire" by David Smith] 25 January 2013</ref><ref>[http://mg.co.za/article/2012-11-02-00-angola-whos-who-in-the-palace ''Mail & Guardian'' (Zambia): "Angola: Who's who in the palace?" by Louise Redvers] 2 November 2012</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130124202232/http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/breaking-news/angolan-africas-first-woman-billionaire/story-fn3dxix6-1226561407045 ''The Australian'': "Angolan Africa's first woman billionaire"] 25 January 2013</ref> Nne na nna nna ya si [[São Tomé and Príncipe|São Tomé na Príncipe]].<ref>[http://mg.co.za/article/2012-11-02-00-angola-whos-who-in-the-palace ''Mail & Guardian'': "Angola: Who's who in the palace?" by Louise Redvers] 2 November 2012</ref> Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ ụmụ nwanyị niile na Kent, Cobham Hall School, na St Paul's Girls' School na [[London]].<ref name="Guardian">{{Cite news|author=Garside|first=Juliette|title=Isabel dos Santos: president's daughter who became Africa's richest woman|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/jan/19/isabel-dos-santos-president-daughter-africa-richest-woman-angola|accessdate=19 February 2021|work=The Guardian|date=19 January 2020}}</ref> Ọ gụrụ injinia eletriki<ref>Celso Filipe, [https://web.archive.org/web/20110807185421/https://www.jornaldenegocios.pt/home.php?template=SHOWNEWS_V2&id=345996 Report about Isabel dos Santos on Negócios Online], December 2008</ref> na King's College na London.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-21184854|title=Isabel dos Santos: 'First African female billionaire'|work=BBC News|date=25 January 2013}}</ref> N'ebe ahụ, ọ zutere di ya si Zaire (nke bụzi [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]]), Sindika Dokolo, nwa nke otu nde mmadụ si [[Kinshasa]] na nwunye ya [[Denmark|Danish]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dokolo.com/Sa%20famille.html|title=La Famille Dokolo : Ndona Tuluka – Nzolantima – Hanne – Manzanza – Sindika – Luzolo|accessdate=2022-05-29|archivedate=2017-12-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171205043103/http://www.dokolo.com/Sa%20famille.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Augustin Dokolo, an African entrepreneur|url=http://www.dokolo.com/Biography.html|accessdate=14 March 2013|archivedate=8 December 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171208070114/http://www.dokolo.com/Biography.html}}</ref> Isabel dos Santos bụ nwa amaala [[Mpaghara Russia|Russia]] na Angola.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Дудина|first=Галина (Dudina, Galina)|url=https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/4226522|title=Душа Сантуша: Как россиянка стала богатейшей женщиной Африки|language=ru|work=[[Kommersant|Коммерсантъ]]|date=21 January 2021|accessdate=24 September 2021}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Malite n'afọ 1997, Isabel dos Santos banyere n'ụwa azụmahịa, na-eke ụlọ ọrụ na njide na Angola na ọtụtụ mba ofesi, na-etinye nnukwu ego na ụlọ ọrụ dị elu, ọkachasị na Portugal.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://economico.sapo.pt/noticias/isabel-dos-santos-reforca-em-portugal-com-entrada-na-zon_77174.html|title=Isabel dos Santos reforça em Portugal com entrada na Zon Diário Económico, 21 December 2009 (pt)|accessdate=28 July 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160315062549/http://economico.sapo.pt/noticias/isabel-dos-santos-reforca-em-portugal-com-entrada-na-zon_77174.html|archivedate=15 March 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Isabel dos Santos é a 18ª figura mais poderosa da economia portuguesa|url=https://www.jornaldenegocios.pt/negocios-iniciativas/poderosos/poderosos-2012/detalhe/isabel_dos_santos_eacute_a_18ordf_figura_mais_poderosa_da_economia_portuguesa|accessdate=2022-02-16|work=www.jornaldenegocios.pt|language=pt-PT}}</ref> Na mbido afọ 90 Isabel dos Santos malitere ịrụ ọrụ dị ka onye njikwa ọrụ injinia maka Urbana 2000, onye enyemaka nke Jembas Group, nke meriri nkwekọrịta iji mee ka obodo ahụ dị ọcha ma kpochapụ ya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.publico.pt/economia/noticia/isabel-dos-santos-o-rosto-de-angola-1300051|title=Isabel dos Santos: o rosto de Angola|language=pt|date=20 July 2007|work=Público|accessdate=8 January 2016}}</ref> Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, o guzobere azụmahịa ụgbọ oloko. Ojiji zuru oke nke teknụzụ walkie-talkie meghere ụzọ maka ịbanye na telecoms.<ref name="ReferenceA">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/2/6ffd2edc-955e-11e2-a4fa-00144feabdc0.html|title=Lunch with the FT: Isabel dos Santos|work=Financial Times}}</ref> N'afọ 1997, ọ malitere azụmahịa mbụ ya, na-emeghe Miami Beach Club, otu n'ime klọb abalị mbụ na ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ dị n'ụsọ osimiri na Luanda Island.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://theafricaneconomist.com/meet-the-forbes-second-richest-african-woman-isabel-dos-santos/|title=Meet The Forbes Second Richest African Woman: Isabel dos Santos|date=4 December 2012|work=The African Economist|accessdate=8 January 2016}}</ref> N'ọnwa Juun afọ 2016, nna ya họpụtara ya dịka onye isi oche nke Sonangol, ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ steeti Angola.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://mgafrica.com/article/2016-06-03-all-in-the-family-angola-president-picks-eldest-daughter-to-head-state-oil-firm-western-firms-scramble-for-contract|title=All in the family: Angola president picks eldest daughter to head state oil firm, western firms scramble for contracts|date=3 June 2016|work=MG Africa|accessdate=14 March 2017|archive-date=16 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170216103334/http://mgafrica.com/article/2016-06-03-all-in-the-family-angola-president-picks-eldest-daughter-to-head-state-oil-firm-western-firms-scramble-for-contract|url-status=dead}}</ref> Nhọpụta a na-ese okwu n'ihi nhọpụta yiri nke ụmụ onye isi ala na ọkwa ndị dị mkpa adịteghị aka, dịka João Lourenço, onye isi ala Angola ọhụrụ, chụrụ ya n'ọrụ naanị ọnwa abụọ ka ọ ṅụsịrị iyi ọrụ.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-angola-sonangol/angola-president-dismisses-sonangol-chair-isabel-dos-santos-idUSKBN1DF1X5 by Reuters]</ref> Na 30 Disemba 2019, Ụlọikpe mpaghara Luanda nyere iwu ka e weghara akaụntụ akụ nke dos Santos, di ya, Sindika Dokolo, na Mário Filipe Moreira Leite da Silva. Dị ka ụlọ ọrụ Attorney General si kwuo, ndị ọchụnta ego atọ ahụ banyere nkwekọrịta na steeti Angola site na ụlọ ọrụ Sodiam, ụlọ ọrụ na-ere diamond ọha na eze, na Sonangol, ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ steeti. Site na nkwekọrịta ndị a, steeti Angola furu efu nke ijeri $ 1.14.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sabado.pt/mundo/detalhe/tribunal-decreta-arresto-preventivo-a-contas-e-empresas-de-isabel-dos-santos|title=Tribunal decreta arresto preventivo a contas e empresas de Isabel dos Santos|work=sabado.pt}}</ref> Ụlọ ikpe ahụ mepụtara akwụkwọ na-egosi na akụ na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ nke dos Santos nwere nwetara site na iji ego sitere na ụlọ ọrụ steeti abụọ.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-01-03|title=Angola News: Isabel dos Santos Says Asset Freeze Risks Businesses|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-01-03/africa-s-richest-woman-says-asset-freeze-dooms-her-angolan-firms|accessdate=2020-10-03|publisher=Bloomberg L.P.}}</ref> Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ụlọ ọrụ onye ọka iwu nke Portugal ekpughere na e mepere nyocha banyere ọtụtụ ọrụ nke Isabel dos Santos, na-esote ebubo nke Ana Gomes, onye otu Portuguese nke nzuko omeiwu Europe.<ref name="JEconómico"/> Mgbe njide ahụ gasịrị, ọ weere UAE dị ka mba obibi ya.<ref name="DW"/><ref name="RFI"/> === Ihe onwunwe === Ihe onwunwe nke dos Santos n'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya:<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.clipquick.com/Files/Imprensa/2012/08-01/0/1_1870377_7E1C4A2D8B3731959B5EFFAA1CAC6C0A.pdf |title=A Angolana mais rica de Portugal, English: "The richest Angolan in Portugal", clipquick.com, 1 August 2012 (pt) |accessdate=29 May 2022 |archivedate=22 February 2014 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222144857/http://www.clipquick.com/Files/Imprensa/2012/08-01/0/1_1870377_7E1C4A2D8B3731959B5EFFAA1CAC6C0A.pdf }}</ref> * Trans Africa Investment Services, ụgbọala dị na Gibraltar nke ya na nne ya hiwere maka azụmahịa diamond * Unitel International Holdings B.V.: mgbanwe nke aha Kento na Jadeium, nke dị na Amsterdam, ụlọ ọrụ-ụgbọala maka ego dos Santos na telekomunikashions * Santoro Finance: ụlọ ọrụ-ụgbọala maka ego dos Santos na Banco BPI nke dị na Lisbon * Esperaza Holding B.V.: nke dị na Amsterdam, ike, mmanụ wdg. * Condis: azụmahịa azụmaahịa nke dị na Luanda == ''Luanda Leaks'' == Na 19 Jenụwarị 2020 International Consortium of Investigative Journalists (ICIJ) bipụtara akụkọ zuru ezu banyere otú dos Santos si chịkọta akụ na ụba ya kemgbe ọtụtụ afọ. Akụkọ ahụ, dabere na ozi nke ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka nrụrụ aka The Platform to Protect Whistleblowers in Africa - nke ọ kpọrọ ''Luanda Leaks'' - kwuru na ọ "mere akụnụba na mmefu nke ndị Angola".<ref>[https://www.icij.org/investigations/luanda-leaks/ ''Isabel dos Santos made a fortune at the expense of the Angolan people, Luanda Leaks reveals.''] icij.org, published 19 January 2020</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na abụọ nke ọnwa Jenụwarị, ụbọchị atọ ka ihe ahụ gbapụtara, a hụrụ onye njikwa akụ na ụba ya na onye isi ụlọ akụ nke onwe ya bụ Nuno Ribeiro da Cunha nwụrụ n'ime ebe a na-adọba ụgbọala nke ụlọ ya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.elconfidencial.com/mundo/2020-01-23/luanda-leaks-aparece-muerto-gestor-financiero-isabel-dos-santos_2424912/|title=Luanda Leaks {{!}} Aparece muerto en Portugal el gestor financiero de Isabel dos Santos|date=23 January 2020|work=El Confidencial|language=es|accessdate=23 January 2020}}</ref> == Ndetu == <references /> {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 8tzw68wbtag5sg59fy8kcd0ezx2cw7s Malick Sidibé 0 15138 742123 704700 2026-10-31T05:30:09Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 742123 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Malick Sidibé''' (1935 na 14 Eprel 2016) bụ onye Mali na-ese foto nke amaara maka ọmụmụ ojii na ọcha ya banyere ọdịbendị a ma ama n'afọ ndi 1960s na Bamako.<ref name="groves-guardian" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.lequotidiendelart.com/quotidien_articles_detail.php?idarticle=8967|title=Disparition du photographe malien Malick Sidibé par Le Quotidien de l'Art|work=Le Quotidien de l'Art|date=15 April 2016|accessdate=2016-04-14}}</ref><ref name="groves-guardian">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2016/apr/15/malick-sidibe-dies-aged-80-malian-photographer-eye-of-bamako|date=15 April 2016|accessdate=16 April 2016|first=Nancy|author=Groves|work=[[The Guardian]]|title=Malian photographer Malick Sidibé dies aged 80}}</ref><ref name="shakur-nyt"/><ref name="laurent-time">{{Cite news|url=http://time.com/4295775/in-memoriam-malick-sidibe-1936-2016/|date=15 April 2016|accessdate=16 April 2016|first=Olivier|author=Laurent|work=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|title=In Memoriam: Malick Sidibé (1936 – 2016)}}</ref> Sidibé nwere ọrụ ogologo oge mịtara mkpụrụ dị ka onye na-ese foto na Bamako, Mali, ọ bụkwa onye a ma ama na obodo ya. N'afọ 1994, o nwere ihe ngosi mbụ ya n'obodo ọzọ n'abughi mali ma nweta otuto dị ukwuu maka foto ya nke e ji nlezianya dee. Ọrụ Sidibé abụrụla ihe a ma ama ma bụrụ nke a ma ama n'ụwa niile.<ref name="Midnight in Bamako"/> Ọrụ ya bụ isiokwu nke ọtụtụ akwụkwọ ma bụrụ nke e gosipụtara na Europe na United States. N'afọ 2007, ọ natara onyinye Golden Lion Award maka Lifetime Achievement na Venice Biennale, na-aghọ ma onye na-ese foto mbụ na onye Afrịka mbụ e nyere onyinye a.<ref name="gelder-nytimes">Lawrence van Gelder (11 June 2007), [https://www.nytimes.com/2007/06/11/arts/11arts.html "Malian Photographer Honored at Biennale"], ''[[The New York Times]]''.</ref><ref name="laurent-time" /><ref name="BBC-obit">BBC Staff (15 April 2016). {{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-36055060|title=Mali's pioneering photographer Malick Sidibe dies|work=BBC News}}</ref> Ihe nrite ndị ọzọ ọ natara gụnyere Hasselblad Award maka foto, International Center of Photography Infinity Award for Lifetime Achievement, na World Press Photo award.<ref name="hasselblad-foundation">{{Cite web|url=http://www.hasselbladfoundation.org/wp/hasselblad-priset-2/previous-award-winners/|accessdate=15 April 2016|publisher=[[Hasselblad Foundation]]|title=Previous Award Winners|archivedate=2 September 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160902061553/http://www.hasselbladfoundation.org/wp/hasselblad-priset-2/previous-award-winners/}}</ref><ref name="lensculture">{{Cite web|url=https://www.lensculture.com/articles/malick-sidibe-interview-with-malick-sidibe|title=Interview with Malick Sidibé|work=LensCulture|date=2008}}</ref><ref name="world-press-photo-2010">{{Cite web|url=http://www.worldpressphoto.org/collection/photo/2010/arts-and-entertainment/malick-sidib%C3%A9|accessdate=16 April 2016|publisher=[[World Press Photo]]|title=Arts and Entertainment, first prize singles|archivedate=19 April 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160419192901/http://www.worldpressphoto.org/collection/photo/2010/arts-and-entertainment/malick-sidib%C3%A9}}</ref> A na-enwe ọrụ Sidibé na nchịkọta nke The Contemporary African Art Collection (CAAC), J. Paul Getty Museum na Los Angeles, na Museum of Modern Art na New York.<ref name="caac">{{Cite web|url=http://www.caacart.com/pigozzi-artist.php?i=Sidibe-Malick&m=48|accessdate=16 April 2016|publisher=[[The Contemporary African Art Collection]]|title=Malick Sidibé|archivedate=6 May 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210506072116/http://caacart.com/pigozzi-artist.php?i=Sidibe-Malick&m=48}}</ref><ref name="getty">{{Cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/art/collection/objects/248996/malick-sidibe-femme-peul-du-niger-malian-print-1970-frame-2004/|accessdate=16 April 2016|publisher=[[J. Paul Getty Museum]]|title=Femme Peul du Niger}}</ref><ref name="moma">{{Cite web|url=http://www.moma.org/collection/artists/26555?locale=en|accessdate=16 April 2016|publisher=[[Museum of Modern Art]]|title=Malick Sidibé: Malian, 1936–2016}}</ref> == Ndụ na ọrụ == [[Usòrò:Malick_Sidibe's_studio_2.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Ụlọ ọrụ Sidibé na Bamako na-egosi igwefoto na ngwá ọrụ ya]] A mụrụ Sidibé n'obodo Soloba, kilomita narị atọ site na Bamako, na Mali. Nna ya, onye na-azụ anụ, onye ọrụ ugbo, na onye na-achụ nta nke ọma aha ya bụ Kolo Barry Sidibé. Nna Malick chọrọ ka ọ gaa ụlọ akwụkwọ, mana ọ gafere tupu ya enwee ike ịga mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na isii. N'afọ 1955, onye na-ese foto Gérard Guillat bịara n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ na-achọ nwa akwụkwọ iji chọọ ụlọ ọrụ ya mma, n'ikpeazụ o weere Sidibé n'ọrụ. Ọrụ ya masịrị Guillat ma o weere ya dị ka onye mmụta. Ọrụ mbụ Sidibé gụnyere ịhazi ngwá ọrụ, na ịnyefe mbipụta. N'oge na-adịghị anya, ọ mụtara ihe gbasara foto ka o wee na-enyere Guillat aka, ma mesịa were ndị ahịa ya. N'afọ 1957, Guillat mechiri ụlọ ọrụ ya, Sidibé malitekwara ise foto nke ndụ abalị Bamako.<ref name="Midnight in Bamako"/><ref name="Ready to Wear">Lamuniere, Michelle, Malick Sidibe, and Lia Brozga. [https://muse.jhu.edu/article/35101 "Ready to Wear: A conversation with Malick Sidibe"], ''Transition'' 10, no. 4 (2001): 132–159.</ref> Ọ bụ ọkachamara na foto akwụkwọ, na-elekwasị anya karịsịa na omenala ndị ntorobịa nke isi obodo Mali.<ref name="auto">Martha Schwendener (27 February 2014), [https://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/02/nyregion/a-review-of-malick-sidibe-chemises-in-poughkeepsie.html The Young and the Rebellious: A Review of ‘Malick Sidibé: Chemises’ in Poughkeepsie] ''[[The New York Times]]''.</ref> Sidibé na-ese foto na egwuregwu, osimiri, ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ abalị, kọntaktị, ọbụnakwa na-etinye aka mgbe ụmụ okorobịa ahụ na-eduhie ụmụ agbọghọ.<ref name="shakur-nyt"/><ref name="BBC-obit"/> Ọ bịara bụrụ onye a ma ama maka ọmụmụ ojii na ọcha ya banyere ọdịbendị a ma ama na 1960s na Bamako. N'afọ ndị 1970, Sidibé tụgharịrị gaa n'ime ihe osise studiyo. Ihe omuma ya n'ise ihe bara uru: <blockquote>Dị ka iwu, mgbe m na-arụ ọrụ na studiyo ahụ, emere m ọtụtụ ọnọdụ. Dị ka m nwere ntọala n'ise ihe, enwere m ike ịmepụta ọnọdụ ụfọdụ na foto m. Achọghị m ka ndị m na-achị dị ka ndị a gbasiri agbasi. Aga m enye ha ọnọdụ nke mere ka ha nwee ihe dị ndụ.<ref name="lensculture"/></blockquote> N'afọ 1962, Sidibé meghere ụlọ ọrụ nke ya na mpaghara Bagadadji ma ọ bụ Bamako.<ref name="Ready to Wear"/> Sidibé gara n'ihu na-ese foto nke oriri na nkwari mberede na nnọkọ klọb nke obodo ahụ ruo n'afọ 1976. O kwuru na ọ kwụsịrị ọrụ ya n'ihi obere òtù klọb, ịrị elu nke ọnụ ọgụgụ nke igwefoto dị ọnụ ala, na uto nke ụlọ ọrụ mmepe ihe nkiri nke ụlọ ọrụ.<ref name="Midnight in Bamako">Touré, A. Chab, [https://aperture.org/blog/midnight-bamako/ "Midnight in Bamako: In search of the late Malick Sidibé and the rhythmic roots of his legendary photographs"], ''Aperture'', Issue 224.</ref> Sidibé gara n'ihu na-ese foto ojii na ọcha, foto ID, ma dozie igwefoto mebiri emebi na ụlọ ọrụ Bamako ya.<ref name="Midnight in Bamako" /> Ọ bụ ezie na Sidibé bụ onye a ma ama n'ógbè ahụ ruo ọtụtụ iri afọ, a kpọbataghị ya n'ime ụwa nka dị mma nke ọdịda anyanwụ ruo n'afọ 1994 mgbe ya na onye nlekọta French André Magnin nwere ohere izute.<ref name="Midnight in Bamako" /> Otu n'ime ọrụ ndị a maara nke ọma nke Sidibé site n'oge ahụ bụ Nuit de Noel, Happy Club (''Christmas'' Eve, Happy Club) (1963), na-egosi di na nwunye na-amụmụ ọnụ ọchị nwoke yi uwe, nwanyị yi uwe oriri ọdịda anyanwụ (ma ụkwụ ọtọ) na ha abụọ na-agba egwú, ikekwe, na egwu.<ref name="auto"/> Ọ bụkwa ihe oyiyi ndị dị ka ndị a kpughere otú ụdị foto Sidibé si ejikọta ya na egwu. Njikọ a bụ ihe Sidibé kwuru banyere ya n'oge ajụjụ ọnụ, kemgbe ọtụtụ afọ.<ref name="wordpress.com">{{Cite web|url=https://musingsofagemini.wordpress.com/2013/01/31/malick-sidibe-janet-jackson/|title=Malick Sidibe & Janet Jackson|work=Musings of a Gemini Girl}}</ref> "Anyị nọ na-abanye n'ọgbọ ọhụrụ, ndị mmadụ chọkwara ịgba egwú. Egwu tọhapụrụ anyị. Na mberede, ụmụ okorobịa nwere ike ịbịaru ụmụ agbọghọ nso nso, jide ha n'aka ha. Tupu mgbe ahụ, anabataghị ya. Onye ọ bụla chọkwara ka e sere foto na-agba egwu nso."<ref name="BBC-obit" /> Ikekwe ọ bụghị ihe ijuanya na ndị ọzọ na-ese ihe na Mali, dị ka ndị na-eti egwu Salif Keita na Ali Farka Touré, bịakwara n'uche mba ụwa na 1990s n'ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ n'otu oge ahụ ka a na-amata foto Mali.<ref>Martha Schwendener (8 February 2013), [https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/10/nyregion/portraits-that-reveal-africas-vitality.html Portraits of a Continent's Vitality, Past and Present] ''[[The New York Times]]''.</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2016/apr/16/malick-sidibe-1936-2016-an-appreciation-eye-of-bamako-obituary-nuit-noel-happy-club-1963|title=An appreciation: Malick Sidibé, 1936–2016|first=Sean|author=O'Hagan|authorlink=|work=The Guardian|date=16 April 2016}}</ref> {| class="toccolours" cellspacing="5" style="float: right; margin-left: 2em; margin-right: 1em; font-size: 90%; background:beige; width:30em; max-width: 40%;" | style="text-align: left;" | : "N'ime afọ 1960 na '70s, na foto ndị na-ese onyinyo, ndị siri ike, ndị ojii na ndị na-acha ọcha, Sidibé weghaara ike na ọṅụ nke West Africa na-agbanwe ngwa ngwa. Karịsịa, ọ nụchara anụcha n'asụsụ obodo nke ụdị: uwe brash, ihe ndị na-emegide onwe ha, ụmụ agbọghọ na-ejikọta okpu isi ha na onyinyo anya nwamba ha, obere ụmụaka na-eyi uwe agbụrụ zuru oke na ihe na-acha ihu, ndị na-agba egwú na-agbapụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ ha. Nzukọ, klọb, ebe a na-agba egwú bụ ntọala ya, ebe ndị mmadụ na-abịa ịhụ ma na-eyi uwe. Site n'etiti abalị ruo n'isi ụtụtụ, Sidibé na-agagharị n'obodo ahụ, na-aga oriri na ọṅụṅụ, na-agba ọtụtụ narị etiti kwa ngwụsị izu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.vogue.com/13426666/malick-sidibe-obituary-mali-photographer-global-style/|title=Malick Sidibé, Mali Documentary and Style Photographer, 1936–2016|author=Rebecca Bengal|work=Vogue|accessdate=2022-06-15|archivedate=2016-06-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160620193339/http://www.vogue.com/13426666/malick-sidibe-obituary-mali-photographer-global-style/}}</ref> |- | style="text-align: right;" | |} Sidibé jiri ọkụ ọkụ mgbe ọ nọ n'ọhịa, mana ọ bụ naanị ọkụ tungsten n'ime ụlọ ihe nkiri. O jiri igwefoto Afga 6 x 6 nwere bellows wee see agbamakwụkwọ na ihe omume ndị ọzọ, na Foca Sport 24 x 36 maka ọrụ ya. A maara ya dị ka onye mara mma nke ukwuu ma na-agwa ndị ahịa ya ihe ọchị iji mee ka ha nwee ahụ iru ala mgbe ha na-ese foto.<ref name="Midnight in Bamako"/> Vidio mmeri Grammy nke egwu Janet Jackson nke afọ 1997 "Got 'til It's Gone" ji ụgwọ siri ike maka ụdị foto Sidibé, vidiyo ahụ na-akwụ ụtụ maka otu oge (n'oge 1960s na '70s) nke foto Sidibée nyere aka ide.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://jezebel.com/malick-sidibe-iconic-malian-photographer-has-died-1771194412|title=Malick Sidibé, Iconic Malian Photographer, Has Died|author=Hillary Crosley Coker|work=Jezebel|date=15 April 2016|accessdate=15 June 2022|archivedate=19 August 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220819025242/https://jezebel.com/malick-sidibe-iconic-malian-photographer-has-died-1771194412}}</ref><ref name="economist.com">{{Cite web|url=https://www.economist.com/blogs/prospero/2016/04/memoriam|title=In memoriam|date=16 April 2016|work=The Economist}}</ref><ref name="mbphoto.com">{{Cite web|url=https://www.mbphoto.com/artists/58-malick-sidib/biography/|title=Malick Sidibé|work=M+B Photo}}</ref> Nke a bụ oge mgbe French Sudan (na mgbe ahụ Mali Federation) nwetara nnwere onwe ha pụọ n'ọchịchị [[France]] na 1960.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.loc.gov/rr/frd/cs/profiles/Mali.pdf|title=Mali country profile|publisher=[[Library of Congress]] [[Federal Research Division]]|date=January 2005}} ''This article is in the [[public domain]].''</ref> Oge ọhụrụ a (mgbe 1960 gasịrị) ka ndị na-ekiri ihe dị iche iche gosipụtara dị ka post-colonial (na post-apartheid) ịmụrụ anya nke uche. Ọtụtụ n'ime ndị na-enwe mmasị n'ọrụ Sidibé kwenyere na o jidere ọṅụ na ihe ịtụnanya nke ịmụrụ anya a, nakwa na a na-ahụ ya na ihu, ihe nkiri, na ihe oyiyi ndị o nyere aka mee ka ha dị.<ref name="wordpress.com"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.craveonline.com/art/977713-master-photographer-malick-sidibe-dead-80|title=Master Photographer Malick Sidibé Dead at 80|work=CraveOnline}}</ref><ref name="okayafrica.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.okayafrica.com/news/malick-sidibe-iconic-malian-photographer/|title=Malick Sidibé's Work Will Live On After Death|work=Okayafrica|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160507193443/http://www.okayafrica.com/news/malick-sidibe-iconic-malian-photographer/|archivedate=7 May 2016}}</ref> N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, enwere ike ịhụ mmetụta Sidibé kpọmkwem site na vidiyo [[Inna Modja|Inna Modjaʹs]] 2015 maka egwu ya "Tombouctou," ka a na-ese ya na ụlọ ọrụ foto Sidibé.<ref name="shakur-nyt">{{Cite news|url=http://lens.blogs.nytimes.com/2016/04/11/malick-sidib-creative-force-of-african-culture/?_r=0|date=11 April 2016|accessdate=16 April 2016|first=Fayemi|author=Shakur|work=[[The New York Times]]|title=Malick Sidibé: Creative Force of African Culture}}</ref><ref name="okayafrica.com" /> N'afọ 2006, Tigerlily Films mere ihe ngosi akpọrọ ''Dolce Vita Africana'' banyere Sidibé, na-ese ya na ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ ya na Bamako, na-ezute ọtụtụ ndị enyi ya (na ndị na-ese foto n'oge ọ bụ nwata, ma na-agwa ya okwu banyere ọrụ ya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.africanfilmny.org/2013/dolce-vita-africana/|title=Dolce Vita Africana|work=African Film Festival Inc.}}</ref> Sidibé ghọrọ onye Afrịka mbụ na onye na-ese foto mbụ e nyere Golden Lion Award maka Lifetime Achievement na Venice Biennale na 2007. Robert Storr, onye nduzi nka nke ihe ngosi ahụ, kwuru, sị: Ọ dịghị onye na-ese ihe n'Afrịka mere ihe karịrị iji kwalite ogo foto na mpaghara ahụ, tinye aka na akụkọ ihe mere eme ya, mee ka ebe nchekwa ihe oyiyi dịkwuo mma ma ọ bụ mee ka anyị mata mgbanwe nke omenala Africa na ọkara nke senchiri afọ nke ịrị abụọ na mmalite nke senchiri nke iri abụọ na otu karịa Malick Sidibé.<ref name="gelder-nytimes" /> Sidibé nwụrụ n'ihi nsogbu ọrịa shuga na Bamako.<ref name="economist.com"/><ref name="laurent-time"/><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/04/16/arts/malick-sidibe-photographer-known-for-social-reportage-in-mali-dies-at-80.html|title=Malick Sidibé, Photographer Known for Social Reportage in Mali, Dies at 80|author=Grimes|first=William|date=2016-04-15|work=The New York Times|accessdate=2016-04-27}}</ref> Ọ hapụrụ ụmụ iri na asaa na ndị nwunye atọ.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/04/16/arts/malick-sidibe-photographer-known-for-social-reportage-in-mali-dies-at-80.html?_r=0|title=Malick Sidibé, Photographer Known for Social Reportage in Mali, Dies at 80|accessdate=2018-10-30|language=en}}</ref> == Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara == === Akwụkwọ Sidibé bipụtara === * ''Malick Sidibé'' Nke André Magnin dezigharịrị. Site na mmeghe nke Magnin, na edemede nke Sibidé ("Studio Malick"), Youssouf Doumbia, ("Ambiance totale avec Garrincha!"), Panka Dembelé ("Twist ọzọ!"), na Boubacar 'Kar Kar' Traoré ("Elvis dị ndụ!"Ọ dị iche iche Gụnyere CD egwu anọ nke Kar Kar. * ''Malick Sidibé, Photographe: "vues de dos" photographies''. Akwụkwọ edemede nke okike, Mali. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9782912415189|9782912415189]]. Na ederede nke Amadou Chab Touré. peeji 24. * ''Malick Sidibe: Photographs: Hasselblad Award 2003.'' Göteborg, Sweden: Hasselblad Center; Göttingen: Steidl, 2003.  [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9783882439731|9783882439731]]. Site n'okwu mmalite nke Gunilla Knape, edemede nke Manthia Diawara, "The 1960s in Bamako: Malick Sidibé and James Brown", na ederede nke ajụjụ ọnụ ya na Sidibé site n'aka André Magnin. E bipụtara ya n'oge ngosi Malick Sidibé: 2003 Hasselblad Award Winner nke emere na Hasselblada Center, Göteborg, Sweden, 2003.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Malick Sidibé : photographs.|oclc=55012477}}</ref> * ''Malick Sidibé: Uwe elu''. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9783865215239|9783865215239]]. Ndepụta nke ihe ngosi gosipụtara na Foam Fotografiemuseum Amsterdam na Musée Nicệphore Niépce, Chalon-sur-Saône.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Chemises|oclc=229995192}}</ref> * ''Malick Sidibe'' Wilsele, Belgium: Exhibitions International, 2008. Site na Foundation Zinsou.  [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/978-9057791048|978-9057791048]]. * ''Bagadadji'' [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9782952809924|9782952809924]]. Site na edemede nke Florian Ebner, "La scène de Bagadadji". Foto nke ndị bi na Bagadadji, Bamako, nke e sere n'etiti 1964 na 1976. ** Nsụgharị asụsụ Bekee. ** Nsụgharị asụsụ French. ** Nsụgharị asụsụ German. * ''Nghọta''. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9782952809955|9782952809955]] N'asụsụ French. Foto ndị e sere na Brittany, France, n'ime izu atọ na July 2006. * ''Malick Sidibé: La Bie en Rose''. Edere ya na ederede site na Laura Incardona na Laura Serani.  [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/978-8836617166|978-8836617166]]. * ''Malick Sidibé: The Portrait of Mali (Sinetica Landscape)''. [Nke Laura Incardona, Laura Serani, na Sabrina Zannier dezigharịrị.  [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/978-8857211251|978-8857211251]]. Ihe odide n'asụsụ Bekee, French na Italian. * ''Malick Sidibé: Au Village'' [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/978-2351371329|978-2351371329]]. Ihe odide nke Brigitte Ollier. Foto ndị e sere n'obodo Sidibé nke Soloba n'ime afọ 50. N'asụsụ French. * ''Malick Sidibé''. fr:Foto Poche No. 145. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/978-2-330-01229-8|978-2-330-01229-8]]. Site na mmeghe nke Laura Serani. === Akwụkwọ ndị Sidibé === * ''Photographes de Bamako: de 1935 à nos jou''r. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/978-2909571218|978-2909571218]]. Foto nke Sidibé, Mountaga Dembélé, Seydou Keïta, Félix Diallo, Sakaly, AMAP, Alioune Bâ, Emmanuel Daou, Abdourahmane Sakaly, na ndị ọzọ. Site na ederede nke Érika Nimis. Na French na Bekee. * In/sight: African Photographers, 1940 to the Present. New York: Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, 1996.  [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780810968950|9780810968950]]. Site na mmeghe nke Clare Bell na edemede nke [[Okwui Enwezor]], [[Olu Oguibe]], na Octavio Zaya. Foto nke Sidibé, Cornélius Yao Azaglo Augustt, Oladélé Ajiboyé Bamgboyé, Zarina Bhimji, Gordon Bleach, Nabil Boutros, Cloete Breytenbach, Salla Casset, Mody Sory Diallo, Mohammed Dib, Kamel Dridi, Touhami Ennadre, Mathew Faji, [[Rotimi Fani-Kayode]], [[Samuel Fosso]], Jellel Gili, Meïssa Gaye, Christian.Ramablabo, David Gold Gally, Na Naj, Gaj, Peter Gaj, Naj, Naj. Ndepụta nke ihe ngosi e mere na Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, May São September, 1996. * Klọb nke Bamako: 9 Machị-16 Eprel 2000. Houston, TX: Rice University Art Gallery, 2000.  [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]] [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/45496053 45496053]. Foto nke Sidibé, Emile Guebehi, Koffi Kouakou, na Coulibaly Siaka Paul. Ndepụta nke ihe ngosi. * Ị mara mma dị ka nke ahụ: Foto nke Seydou Keita na Malick Sidibe. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]  [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/978-0300091885|978-0300091885]]. Nke Michelle Lamuniere dezigharịrị. * Samuel Fosso, Seydou Keïta, Malick Sidibé: Portraits of Pride: West African Portrait Photography. Katalog / Moderna Museet 318. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]  [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/978-9171006776|978-9171006776]] Foto nke Sibidé, Samuel Fosso, na Seydou Keïta. Ndepụta nke ihe ngosi e mere na Moderna Museet, Stockholm, September October 2002; Norskt Fotomuseum, March Oprel 2003. Na Swedish na Bekee. * African Art Now: Masterpieces Site na Jean Pigozzi Collection. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]  [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/978-0890902950|978-0890902950]] Site n'aka André Magnin, Alison de Lima Greene, Alvia J. Wardlaw, na Thomas McEvilley. Ihe osise, foto, ihe ọkpụkpụ na ihe osise ntinye site na ndị omenkà 33. Ndepụta nke ihe ngosi nke ọrụ sitere na The Contemporary African Art Collection nke emere na Museum of Fine Arts, Houston. * The Poetics of Cloth: African Textiles, Recent Art. New York: Grey Art Gallery, Mahadum New York, 2008.  [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780615220833|9780615220833]]. Nke Lynn Gumpert dezigharịrị. Na edemede nke Kofi Anyidoho, Lynn Gumpert, na John Picton, na onyinye nke Jennifer S. Brown, Lydie Diakhaté, Janet Goldner, Lynn Gumper, John Picton na Doran H. Ross. Nkọwa nke ihe osise, ihe a tụrụ atụ, vidiyo na foto site na Sidibé, El Anatsui, Samuel Cophis, Viye Diba, Sokari Douglas Camp, Groupe Bogolan Kasobane, Abdoulaye Konate, Rachid Koraichi, Atta Kwami, Grace Ndiritu, Nike Okundaye, Owusu-Ankomah, Yinka Shonibare, Nontsbind "Lolo" Veleko, Rikki Wemega-Kwawu, na Sue Williamson. "E bipụtara ya n'oge ngosi e mere na Grey Art Gallery, Septemba 16-Dec. 6, 2008."<ref>{{Cite book|title=The poetics of cloth : African textiles, recent art|publisher=[[WorldCat]]|oclc=271451627}}</ref> * Events of the Self: Portraiture na Social Identity: Foto Africa nke oge a site na Walther Collection. Burlafingen, Germany: The Walther Collection; Göttingen, Germany - Steidl, 2010.  [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9783869301570|9783869301570]] Ọ bụ Okwui Enwezor dezigharịrị ya. Na ederede nke Willis E. Hartshorn na Artur Walther, [[Okwui Enwezor]], Gabriele Conrath-Scholl, Virginia Heckert, [[Chika Okeke-Agulu]], Deborah Willis ("Malick Sidibé ́: ihu nke anya azụ"), Santu Mofokeng, na Kobena Mercer. Foto nke Sibidé, Sammy Baloji, Oladélé Ajiboyé Bamgboyé, Yto Barrada, Bernd na Hilla Becher, Candice Breitz, Allan deSouza, Theo Eshetu, [[Rotimi Fani-Kayode]], Samuel Fosso, [[David Goldblatt]], Kay Hassan, [[Romuald Hazoumè]], Pieter Hugo, Seydou Keïta, Maha Maamoun, Boubacar Touré Mandémory, Salem, Santu Mofhai, Zwelethu Mthethwa, Zenti Muct, Zyu, James Ingili, Juki, Mik Mik Mik Mikt, Jameski, Mur Mur Mur Mur. N'asụsụ Bekee na nsụgharị German. E bipụtara ya iji soro ihe ngosi na Burlafingen, Germany, June 2010. * Ihe niile na-agagharị: Foto site na 60s na 70s. [[London]]: Barbican Art Gallery, 2012.  [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780946372393|9780946372393]] Nke Kate Bush na Gerry Badger dezigharịrị. Site na ederede nke Bush ("Ihe ọ bụla na-agagharị"), Badger ("Mmụọ nke oge, mmụọ nke ebe: ọhụụ nke foto na 1960s na 1970s"), Gavin Jantjes ("Ernest Cole"), Sean O'Hagan ("The unreal everyday: William Eggleston's America" na "Against detachment: Bruce Davidson's photographs of America n'oge Civil Rights), Tanya Bar Bar Bar Barson ("Ybirciela Iturbide: a matter of complicity"), T.J. Dhail ("N's Mer Mer Mer Merkhenhenhenhensky n's Merk"), ("N'India"), ("N'y Men Men Men Men"), ("Nke's New Mur Mur Mur Murkleyleyleyley Maley Maleyley Mahad"), ("N"), ("Micher na Mahad"), "N's Men"), ("Mich Mahad Mahad Maley Mahad Mahark"), James Mahad Ma Mahad Malad Mahad Majar Mahad Ma"), ("N"), ("NN's Mahad Macher Mahad Maziri Mahad Mailander Mahad Ma"). Foto nke Sidibé, David Goldblatt, [[Ernest Cole (photographer)|Ernest Cole]], William Eggleston, Bruce Davidson, Graciela Iturbide, Sigmar Polke, Boris Mikhailov, Shomei Tomatsu, Larry Burrows, Li Zhensheng, na Raghubir Singh. E bipụtara ya n'oge ngosi ''ihe'' ngosi ahụ Everything was Moving: Photography from the 60s and 70s, nke Kate Bush haziri, Septemba 2012- Jenụwarị 2013 na Barbican Art Gallery, Barbican Centre, London. * ''Foto foto Mali''. New Platz, New York: Samuel Dorsky Museum of Art, 2013.  [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780615510941|9780615510941]]. Foto nke Sidibé na Seydou Keïta, El Hadj Hamidou Maïga, Abdourahmane Sakaly, na El Hadj Tijani Àdìgún Sitou. Site na ederede nke Daniel Leers. "E bipụtara n'oge ngosi Malian Portrait Photography na ngosi site na Jenụwarị 23 eprel 14, 2013 na North Gallery nke Samuel Dorsky Museum of Art na Mahadum Steeti nke New York na New Paltz. "<ref>{{Cite book|title=Malian portrait photography|publisher=[[WorldCat]]|oclc=840267063}}</ref> * ''Afriphoto nke Abụọ'' Nchịkọta Afriphoto, Mpịakọta nke 58. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]  [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9782350460079|9782350460079]]. Mpịakọta nke 5 bụ nke Sidibé, mpịakọta 6 bụ nke Bill Akwa Bétotè, mpịaka nke 7 bụ nke Omar D, na mpịakgolo nke 8 bụ nke Fouad Hamza Tibin na Mohamed Yahia Issa. Ọ bụ Corinne Julien dezigharịrị ya. Na ederede nke Guy Hersant, Jacques Matinet, na Claude Iverné. N'asụsụ French. === Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara banyere Sidibé === * Foto nke Anima: Fotografia Africana. Barcelona: La Caixa Foundation, 1997.  [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]] [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/50666491 50666491] Site na Sélim Benattiam, Cristina de Borbón, na Rosa Casamada. Na Catalan na Bekee. Ndepụta ihe ngosi. Site n'enyemaka nke Mounira Khemir, "De una Punta a otra de Africa. Impresonas Fotograficas". * Afọ 1960 na Bamako: Malick Sidibé na James Brown. Akwụkwọ Series on the Arts, Culture, and Society, Paper No. 11. Nke Manthia Diawara dere. New York: Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, 2001.  [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]] [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/47999579 47999579]. Banyere Sidibé na James Brown.<ref group="n">The text can be read [https://web.archive.org/web/20210201202243/http://warholfoundation.org/grant/paper11/paper.html here within the Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts website].</ref> * Black Renaissance/Renaissance Noire, Mpịakọta nke 4, Nke 2/3. New York: Mahadum New York, 2002. Gụnyere edemede nke Manthia Diawara, The 1960s in Bamako: Malick Sidibé na James Brown. * Black Cultural Traffic: Crossroads na Global Performance na Popular Culture. Ann Arbor: Mahadum nke Michigan, 2005. Nke Harry J. Elam, Jr., na Kennell Jackson Jr. dezigharịrị . Gụnyere isi nke Manthia Diawara, "The 1960s in Bamako: Malick Sidibé and James Brown. == Onyinye == * 2003: Hasselblad Award maka foto<ref name="hasselblad-foundation"/> * 2007: Golden Lion Award maka ihe ọ rụzuru na ndụ ya, Venice Biennale<ref name="gelder-nytimes"/> * 2008: Onyinye Infinity maka Ihe Achievement, International Center of Photography (ICP), New York<ref name="lensculture"/> * 2010: Ihe nrite foto nke World Press nke mbụ, nka na ntụrụndụ<ref name="world-press-photo-2010"/> == Nchịkọta == [[Usòrò:Malick_Sidibe's_studio.jpg|thumb|Nchịkọta ọjọọ Sidibé, na ụlọ ọrụ ya na Bamako]] A na-enwe ọrụ Sidibé na nchịkọta ọha na eze ndị a: * Ụlọ ọrụ nka nke Chicago, Chicago, Illinois<ref>{{Cite web|title=Malick Sidibé|url=https://www.artic.edu/artists/111968/malick-sidibe|accessdate=6 June 2020|work=The Art Institute of Chicago|language=en}}</ref> * The Contemporary African Art Collection (CAAC) nke Jean Pigozzi, Geneva<ref name="caac"/> * J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles, CA<ref name="getty"/> * Ebe Ngosi Ihe Ochie nke Oge A, New York<ref name="moma"/> * Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York<ref>[http://www.metmuseum.org/exhibitions/listings/2015/in-and-out-of-the-studio In and Out of the Studio: Photographic Portraits from West Africa] ''The Metropolitan Museum of Art''</ref> * San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, San Francisco<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sfmoma.org/artist/Malick_Sidib%C3%A9#works|title=Malick Sidibé|work=SFMOMA}}</ref> * Baltimore Museum of Art, Baltimore, MD<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://blog.artbma.org/2014/10/bma-voices-the-boxer/|title=BMA Voices: The Boxer.|accessdate=2022-06-15|archivedate=2019-03-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190311173950/http://blog.artbma.org/2014/10/bma-voices-the-boxer/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.jackshainman.com/artists/malick-sidibe/|title=Malick Sidibe - Jack Shainman Gallery}}</ref> * Birmingham Museum of Art, Birmingham, AL<ref name="mbphoto.com"/> * Ebe ngosi ihe mgbe ochie na Harlem (New York)<ref name="mbphoto.com" /><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://studiomuseum.org/exhibition/permanent-collection/malick-sidib-untitled |title=Permanent Collection: ''Untitled, c. 1974''{{!}} The Studio Museum in Harlem |accessdate=2022-06-15 |archivedate=2016-06-09 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160609202827/http://studiomuseum.org/exhibition/permanent-collection/malick-sidib-untitled }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://studiomuseum.org/exhibition/permanent-collection/malick-sidibe-groupe-de-barbus |title=Permanent Collection: ''Groupe de Barbus''{{!}} The Studio Museum in Harlem |accessdate=2022-06-15 |archivedate=2016-06-09 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160609222018/http://studiomuseum.org/exhibition/permanent-collection/malick-sidibe-groupe-de-barbus }}</ref> * High Museum of Art, Atlanta, GA<ref name="mbphoto.com" /> * International Center of Photography, New York<ref name="mbphoto.com" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.icp.org/browse/archive/objects/nuit-de-no%C3%ABl|title=Nuit de Noël|work=International Center of Photography|accessdate=2022-06-15|archivedate=2025-04-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250425095856/https://www.icp.org/browse/archive/objects/nuit-de-no%C3%ABl}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.icp.org/browse/archive/constituents/malick-sidib%C3%A9?all/all/all/all/0|title=Malick Sidibé|work=International Center of Photography|accessdate=2022-06-15|archivedate=2025-03-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250315165709/https://www.icp.org/browse/archive/constituents/malick-sidib%C3%A9?all/all/all/all/0}}</ref> * Moderna Museet, Stockholm<ref name="mbphoto.com" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.modernamuseet.se/stockholm/en/2011/02/15/fantastiska-donationer-av-fotokonst/|title=Fantastic donations of photographic art|work=Moderna Museet i Stockholm|date=15 February 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.modernamuseet.se/stockholm/en/exhibitions/moderna-museet-co-enkehuset/information-about-keita-sidibe-and-fosso/|title=Keita, Sidibé and Fosso|work=Moderna Museet i Stockholm}}</ref> * Ebe Ngosi Ihe Ochie nke Fine Arts, Houston, Houston, Texas<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Museum of Fine Arts Houston Collections|url=https://emuseum.mfah.org/people/14274/malick-sidibe/objects|accessdate=June 13, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200614003704/https://emuseum.mfah.org/people/14274/malick-sidibe/objects|archive-date=June 14, 2020|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ihe ngosi == === Ihe ngosi o mere naanị ya === * 1995: Malick Sidibé: Bamako 1962 1910-1976, Fondation Cartier pour l'Art Contemporain, Paris<ref name="galeriedujour.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.galeriedujour.com/artistes/malicksidibe/BIO-MALICK-SIDIBE_2016.pdf|title=Galerie du jour agnès b.: Les artistes: Malick Sidibé|work=Galerie du jour agnès|accessdate=5 October 2017|archivedate=3 June 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160603081525/http://www.galeriedujour.com/artistes/malicksidibe/BIO-MALICK-SIDIBE_2016.pdf}}</ref> * 1999: Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago, IL<ref name="galeriedujour.com" /> * 1999: ''Malick Sidibé''. ''Foto'', Dany Keller Galerie, Munich<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://danykellergalerie.de/archiv/archiv_index.htm|title=Dany Keller Galerie - Archiv|work=danykellergalerie.de|accessdate=5 October 2017}}</ref> * 1999: ''Cool Cats na Twist Club'', Australian Centre for Photography, Sydney, Australia * 2000: Centre d'Art Contemporain Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland<ref name="galeriedujour.com" /> * 2001: Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Moderna, Rome, Italy<ref name="afronova.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.afronova.com/artists/malick-sidibe-2/|title=Malick Sidibé|work=Afronova Gallery|accessdate=2022-06-15|archivedate=2022-06-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220615132017/https://www.afronova.com/artists/malick-sidibe-2/}}</ref> * 2001: Stedelijk Museum Amsterdam, Netherlands<ref name="afronova.com" /> * 2002: HackelBury Fine Art Limited, London [citation needed] * 2003: Hasselblad Center, Gothenburg Museum of Art, Gothenbourg, Sweden<ref name="galeriedujour.com" /> * 2004: CAV Coimbra Visual Arts Centre, Coimbra, Portugal<ref name="galeriedujour.com" /> * 2004: Ebe ndebe ihe ochie maka Fotokunst, Brandts Klaedefabrik, Odense, Denmark<ref name="afronova.com" /> * 2005: Foto: 1960 na 2004, Jack Shainman Gallery, New York, USA<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.jackshainman.com/exhibition103.html|title=Malick Sidibe / Photographs: 1960–2004 :: JACK SHAINMAN GALLERY|first=Jack Shainman gallery. Designed by StudioRadia. Web-development by Unlabeled|author=studio.|work=www.jackshainman.com|accessdate=5 October 2017|archivedate=16 September 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150916205616/http://www.jackshainman.com/exhibition103.html}}</ref> * 2007: ''Malick Sidibé''. ''Ọ'' bụ Pas Ma Faute, Museum of Last Arts, Paris * 2007: ''Malick Sidibé''. Los Sabena Club, Fifty One Fine Art Photography, Antwerp, Belgium<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.gallery51.com/index.php?navigatieid=236&exhibitionid=42|title=FIFTY ONE Fine Art Photography Gallery – Exhib. Fifty One – past|work=www.gallery51.com|accessdate=5 October 2017}}</ref> * 2008: ''Malick Sidibé''. ''Uwe'', Foam Fotografiemuseum Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands<ref name="galeriedujour.com" /> * 2009: ''Malick Sidibé''. Bamako Nights, Musée Nicéphore Niépce, Chalon sur Saône, France<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.museeniepce.com/index.php?/exposition/exposition-passee/Malick-Sidibe|title=musée Nicéphore Niépce – Malick Sidibé|work=www.museeniepce.com|accessdate=5 October 2017}}</ref> * 2010: "Studio Malick", Tristan Hoare, London<ref>{{Cite web|author=Hoare, Tristan|url=http://tristanhoaregallery.co.uk/app/uploads/2016/10/1814-Malick-Sidibe%CC%81.pdf|title=L'oeil de Bamako|publisher=1841 Magazine|accessdate=22 June 2017|archivedate=4 August 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170804221410/http://tristanhoaregallery.co.uk/app/uploads/2016/10/1814-Malick-Sidibe%CC%81.pdf}}</ref> * 2011: ''Malick Sidibé''. ''Anya Bamako'', M+B Gallery, Los Angeles, CA<ref name="galeriedujour.com" /> * 2015: ''Studio Malick''. Ogige ụgbọ okporo ígwè nke Bretagne na Montparnasse, Frac Bretagne, Kansụl Ógbè na SNCF<ref name="galeriedujour.com" /> * 2014: ''Malick Sidibé'', Jack Shainman Gallery, New York, USA<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.jackshainman.com/exhibitions/past/2014/malick-sidibe/|title=MALICK SIDIBE, MARCH 28 – APRIL 26, 2014|work=www.jackshainman.com|accessdate=5 October 2017}}</ref> * 2016: ''Ọ dị oke egwu ebe a''! Site na Malick Sidibé, FIFTY ONE TOO, Antwerp, Belgium<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.gallery51.com/index.php?navigatieid=248&exhibitionid=129|title=FIFTY ONE Fine Art Photography Gallery - Exhib. Fifty One Too - past|work=www.gallery51.com|accessdate=5 October 2017}}</ref> * 2017: ''Malick Sidibé''. The Eye of Modern Mali, Somerset House, London Ihe ngosi nke mbụ ya na UK.<ref name="somerset-house">{{Cite web|url=https://www.somersethouse.org.uk/whats-on/malick-sidibe|title=Malick Sidibé: The Eye of Modern Mali|publisher=[[Somerset House]]|accessdate=21 October 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2016/jul/27/exhibition-of-malick-sidibe-photography-to-open-in-london|date=27 July 2016|accessdate=21 October 2016|first=Mark|author=Brown|work=The Guardian|title=Exhibition of Malick Sidibé photography to open in London}}</ref><ref name="somerset-house" /> === Ihe ngosi na ememme === * 1995: Seydou Keita & Malick Sidibe: Foto si Mali, Fruitmarket Gallery, Edinburgh, Scotland * 1996: Ndụ abụọ, Anya abụọ, Fondation Cartier maka nka nke oge a, Paris, France * 1996: By Night, Fondation Cartier maka nka nke oge a, Paris, France * 1999: 6th International İstanbul Biennial 1999, International Istanbul Biennial, Istanbul, Turkey * 2000: Africa: Oge gara aga, Fifty One Fine Art Photography, Antwerp<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.gallery51.com/index.php?navigatieid=236&exhibitionid=10|title=FIFTY ONE Fine Art Photography Gallery – Exhib. Fifty One – past|work=www.gallery51.com|accessdate=5 October 2017}}</ref> * 2001 na 2003: ''Ị mara mma dị ka nke ahụ'': The Portrait of Photographs of Seydou Keïta and Malick Sidibé, Fogg Museum, Harvard Art Museums, Cambridge, MA; UCLA Hammer Museum, University of California, Los Angeles, USA; Norton Museum of Art, West Palm Beach FL; National Portrait Gallery, London; Williams College Museum of Art. Williamstown, Massachusetts, USA<ref name="afronova.com"/> * 2004: Foto: Ihe owuwu, Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), New York, USA<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.moma.org/calendar/exhibitions/3100|title=Photography: Inaugural Installation – MoMA|work=The Museum of Modern Art|accessdate=5 October 2017}}</ref> * 2004: ''Mkpụrụ na Mgbọrọgwụ'', The Studio Museum na Harlem, New York, USA<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.studiomuseum.org/exhibition/seeds-and-roots-selections-the-permanent-collection|title=The Studio Museum in Harlem|work=www.studiomuseum.org|accessdate=2018-10-30|archivedate=2017-06-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170623151935/https://www.studiomuseum.org/exhibition/seeds-and-roots-selections-the-permanent-collection}}</ref> * 2005: ''African Art Now - Masterpieces'' si na Jean Pigozzi Collection, National Museum of African Art, Washington, USA<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://africa.si.edu/exhibits/pigozzi/intro1.html|title=National Museum of African Art – African Art Now: Masterpieces from the Jean Pigozzi Collection – Introduction|work=africa.si.edu|accessdate=5 October 2017|archivedate=28 October 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028064155/https://africa.si.edu/exhibits/pigozzi/intro1.html}}</ref> * 2007: Gịnị mere Africa ji? Ọrụ nke ndị na-ese foto 13 gụnyere Sidibé, Frédéric Bruly Bouabré, Bodys Isek Kingelez, Chéri Samba, Makonde Lilanga, na Keita Seydou, Pinacoteca Giovanni e Marella Agnelli, Turin, Italy.<ref name="afronova.com" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.pinacoteca-agnelli.it/visit/1218/why-africa-la-collezione-pigozzi/|title=Pinacoteca Giovanni e Marella Agnelli Why Africa? La collezione Pigozzi|accessdate=2022-06-15|archivedate=2022-01-19|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220119193846/https://www.pinacoteca-agnelli.it/visit/1218/why-africa-la-collezione-pigozzi/}}</ref> * 2009: Masters of Photography, Fifty One Fine Art Photography, Antwerp, Belgium<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.gallery51.com/index.php?navigatieid=236&exhibitionid=67|title=FIFTY ONE Fine Art Photography Gallery - Exhib. Fifty One - past|work=www.gallery51.com|accessdate=5 October 2017}}</ref> * 2009: Ụfọdụ ''agbụrụ'', Christophe Guye Galerie, Zurich, Switzerland<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://christopheguye.com/exhibitions/some-tribes/introduction|title=Some Tribes|accessdate=5 October 2017}}</ref> * 2010: Ntinye ịma mma na omenala ndị Africa America, Art Gallery nke Hamilton, Hamilton, USA<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.artgalleryofhamilton.com/ex_archive10.php|title=Exhibition Archive – Art Gallery of Hamilton|accessdate=5 October 2017}}</ref> * 2010: Otu nrọ bara uru: Foto Africa 1960 2010 , BOZAR Palais des Beaux-Arts, Brussels<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bozar.be/fr/activities/2566-un-reve-utile|title=Un rêve utile|work=BOZAR|accessdate=5 October 2017|archivedate=24 September 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200924063026/https://www.bozar.be/fr/activities/2566-un-reve-utile}}</ref> * 2010: Na-anọchite anya: ''Ihe'' oyiyi nke African American Culture In Contemporary Art, Hagedorn Foundation Gallery, Atlanta, USA * 2010: ''Akụkọ Africa'', Marrakech Art Fair, Marramech<ref name="afronova.com" /> * 2011: Paris Photo, Grand Palais, The Walther Collection<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2011/nov/13/paris-photo-review-eggleston-arbus|title=Paris Photo 2011 – review: Grand Palais, Paris|date=12 November 2011|accessdate=18 April 2016|first=Sean|author=O'Hagan|authorlink=}}</ref> * 2012: Afrika, hin und zurück, Museum Folkwang, Essen<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.museum-folkwang.de/nl/aktuelles/ausstellungen/archiv/afrika-hin-und-zurueck.html|title=Afrika, hin und zurück - Museum Folkwang|first=BOROS.INTERAKTIV|author=GmbH|work=Museum Folkwang|accessdate=5 October 2017|archivedate=5 October 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171005101220/https://www.museum-folkwang.de/nl/aktuelles/ausstellungen/archiv/afrika-hin-und-zurueck.html}}</ref> * 2012: ''Anya'' ihu na-agbanwe agbanwe nke foto foto, Istanbul Modern, Istanbul, Turkey<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.istanbulmodern.org/en/exhibitions/past-exhibitions/gaze-changing-face-of-portrait-photography_948.html|title=Gaze – Changing Face of Portrait Photography - İstanbul Modern|first=ISTANBUL MODERN, ISTANBUL MUSEUM OF MODERN|author=ART|work=www.istanbulmodern.org|accessdate=5 October 2017}}</ref> * 2012: Ihe niile na-agagharị: Foto sitere na 60s na 70s, Barbican Centre,<ref name="afronova.com" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.barbican.org.uk/artgallery/event-detail.asp?ID=13613|title=Barbican - Everything Was Moving: Photography from the 60s and 70s|work=barbican.org.uk}}</ref> * 2014: Back to Front, Mariane Ibrahim Gallery, Seattle, USA<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://marianeibrahim.com/back-to-front-j-d-okhai-ojeikere-and-malick-sidibe|title=Mariane Ibrahim Gallery – Back to Front, J.D. 'Okhai Ojeikere and Malick Sidibe|work=marianeibrahim.com|accessdate=5 October 2017|archivedate=7 July 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180707115102/http://marianeibrahim.com/back-to-front-j-d-okhai-ojeikere-and-malick-sidibe}}</ref> * 2014: Ebe a bụ Africa, Château de Penthes, Pregny-Chambésy, France<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.penthes.ch/portfolio/lafrique-contemporaine-vue-dans-le-regard-de-ses-artistes/|title=Ici l'Afrique|work=www.penthes.ch|accessdate=5 October 2017|archivedate=21 January 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121202332/http://www.penthes.ch/portfolio/lafrique-contemporaine-vue-dans-le-regard-de-ses-artistes/}}</ref> * 2015: The Pistil's waitz, Gallery Fifty One, Antwerp, Belgium<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://gallery51.com/index.php?navigatieid=236&exhibitionid=116|title=FIFTY ONE Fine Art Photography Gallery – Exhib. Fifty One – past|work=gallery51.com|accessdate=5 October 2017}}</ref> * 2015: ''Ime Africa''. Otu ''Kọntinent'' nke Nhazi Oge A, Guggenheim Museum Bilbao, Bilbao, Spain<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://makingafrica.guggenheim-bilbao.eus/exposicion/#la-exposicion-02|title=Making Africa – Museo Guggenheim Bilbao|work=Making Africa – Museo Guggenheim Bilbao|accessdate=5 October 2017}}</ref> * 2016: ''Ndụ''!!, Obodo mba nke akụkọ ihe mere eme nke mbata, Paris, France<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.histoire-immigration.fr/agenda/2016-07/vivre|title=VIVRE !! - Musée national de l'histoire de l'immigration|work=www.histoire-immigration.fr|accessdate=5 October 2017}}</ref> * 2016: ''Banyere Africa'': Contemporary Art na Afro-Futurism, Tel Aviv Museum of Art, Tel Aviv, Israel<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.africa-tamuseum.org.il/|title=Regarding Africa: Contemporary Art and Afro-Futurism, Tel Aviv Museum of Art|work=Regarding Africa: Contemporary Art and Afro-Futurism|accessdate=5 October 2017|archivedate=12 January 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210112164322/http://www.africa-tamuseum.org.il/}}</ref> * 2017: ''Akụkọ'' azụ, Mariane Ibrahim Gallery, Seattle, USA<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://marianeibrahim.com/artists/back-stories|title=Mariane Ibrahim Gallery – BACK STORIES|work=marianeibrahim.com|accessdate=5 October 2017}}</ref> * 2017: ''Il Cacciatore Bianco'' / The White Hunter, FM Centro per l'Art Contemporanea, Milan, Italy<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fmcca.it/it/scheda-mostra/eve/26-il-cacciatore-bianco-the-white-hunter/|title=Scheda mostra|work=www.fmcca.it|accessdate=5 October 2017}}</ref> * 2017: Rhona Hoffman 40 Afọ: Akụkụ 3. ''ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị'', Rhona Hoffman Gallery, Chicago, USA<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://siebrenv.easycgi.com/rhoffmangallery.com/exhibition.asp?exid=624|title=Rhona Hoffman Gallery|work=siebrenv.easycgi.com|accessdate=5 October 2017|archivedate=5 October 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171005151552/http://siebrenv.easycgi.com/rhoffmangallery.com/exhibition.asp?exid=624}}</ref> * 2020: Site na Lens Africa: Foto ndịda Sahara site na Museum's Collections, The Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, Houston, Texas<ref>{{Cite web|title=Through an African Lens: Sub-Saharan Photography from the Museum’s Collection|url=https://www.mfah.org/exhibitions/through-african-lens-sub-saharan-photography-mfah-collection|accessdate=14 June 2020|work=The Museum of Fine Arts, Houston|archivedate=9 June 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200609030155/https://www.mfah.org/exhibitions/through-african-lens-sub-saharan-photography-mfah-collection}}</ref> == Ihe nkiri na ngosiputa telivishọn == * Malick Sidibé: onyinyo nke onye na-ese ihe dị ka onye na-ede foto (2006).  [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]] [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/68907552 68907552]. Ọ bụ Susan Vogel duziri ya maka National Museum of Mali / Prince Street Pictures. Ọ bụ Vogel, Samuel Sidbe, na Catherine de Clippel mepụtara ya. Ajụjụ ọnụ na Sidibé site na Jean-Paul Colleyn. N'asụsụ French na ndepụta okwu Bekee. * ''Dolce Vita Africana'' (2008, Tigerlily Films). 62 nkeji. Ọ bụ Cosima Spender duziri ya. Nke Natasha Dack, Nikki Parrott, na Spender mepụtara. Ihe ngosi banyere Sidibé, na banyere akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Mali dịka a gwara ya site n'aka ndị ọ na-ese foto. Na Bamanankan na French. E gosipụtara ihe nkiri ahụ dị ka akụkụ nke usoro BBC4 nke ''Storyville'' na Machị 2008. * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] DVD na broshuọ. Ihe nkiri nke Thomas Glaser, ederede nke Gaël Teicher.  [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9782351371558|9782351371558]]. Ihe nkiri ahụ dị na French na ndepụta okwu French na Bekee, ederede dịkwa na French. == Ihe edeturu == <references group="n" /> == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} == Ọgụgụ ọzọ ==   == Njikọ mpụga == * "[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GHi4TG1SwFU Malick Sidibé]" nke Douglas Sloan (6-min. vidiyo) * [http://www.artnet.com/artist/15531/malick-sidibe.html <nowiki>[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] "Malick Sidibe"</nowiki>] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070627033416/http://www.culturebase.net/artist.php?1259 <nowiki>[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] "Malick Sidibé: Foto jupụtara na egwu"</nowiki>] * [http://www.caacart.com/pigozzi-artist.php?i=Sidibe-Malick&m=48 Nchịkọta nka nke oge a nke Africa, Geneva] * Sidibé na Jack Shainman Gallery [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] glwgjy6ri3hzllyi6g1lvz9qb83lmqh Jürgen Schadeberg 0 15697 742104 721972 2026-10-30T22:35:58Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 742104 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Jürgen Schadeberg''' (18 Machị 1931 - 29 Ọgọst 2020) bụ onye na-ese foto na onye na-eme ihe nkiri na South Africa.<ref name="SAhistory"/><ref name="Botha"/> O sere foto oge ndị dị mkpa n'akụkọ ihe mere eme nke South Africa, nke gụnyere foto ndị dị ka [[Nelson Mandela]] na ụlọ mkpọrọ Robben Island.<ref name="Botha" /><ref name="Citizen">[https://citizen.co.za/news/south-africa/general/2351681/celebrated-photographer-jurgen-schadeberg-dies-aged-89/ Celebrated photographer Jürgen Schadeberg dies, aged 89] ''The Citizen'', 30 August 2020</ref> Ọ bikwa, rụọ ọrụ ma kụzie na [[London]] na Spain, ma na-ese foto n'ọtụtụ mba Afrịka. [[Category:Articles with hCards]] A na-edebe ọrụ ya na nchịkọta nke UK Arts Council, National Portrait Gallery, Tate na Victoria na Albert Museum na London. == Ndụ == A mụrụ Jürgen Schadeberg na Berlin, Germany, na 1931 ebe ọ tolitere n'oge ọchịchị nazi na [[World War II|agha ụwa nke abụọ]].<ref name="Botha"/> Mgbe agha ahụ gasịrị, nne ya malitere mmekọrịta ya na onye ọrụ Britain na ndị agha nke ndị agha na-achị achị wee soro ya kwaga South Africa na 1947. Schadeberg mụtara ịbụ onye na-ese foto na Deutsche Presseagentur (Ụlọọrụ mgbasa ozi nke Germany).<ref name="Döring">{{Cite web|author=Döring|first=Laura|url=https://www.dw.com/de/mandelas-fotograf-j%C3%BCrgen-schadeberg/a-17117050|title=Mandelas Fotograf: Jürgen Schadeberg|date=7 October 2013|work=[[Deutsche Welle]]|language=de|accessdate=31 August 2020}}</ref> Ọ kwagara South Africa iji sonyere ezinụlọ ya na 1950 ma, n'afọ sochirinụ, ọ chọtara ọrụ na magazin Drum dị ka onye na-ese foto na onye na-eme ihe osise.<ref name="Botha" /><ref name="Darren">Newbury, Darren. "Johannesburg Lunch-Hour 1951–1963: The emergence and development of the humanist photographic essay in Drum magazine." In ''Journalism Studies'' 8 April 2007, pp 584-594.</ref><ref>Enwezor, O. (1 January 2013). 'A critical presence: Drum magazine in context'. In ''Modern Art in Africa, Asia, and Latin America: an Introduction to Global Modernisms'', 58-62.</ref> Schadeberg ghọrọ onye isi nke otu ahụ na onye nkuzi na onye nduzi nye ụfọdụ n'ime ndị na-ese foto South Africa kachasị mma n'oge ya, nke gụnyere [[Bob Gosani]], [[Ernest Cole (photographer)|Ernest Cole]], na mgbe e mesịrị [[Peter Magubane]].<ref name="SAhistory"/><ref name="Mentor">{{Cite news|title=Jürgen Schadeberg|url=http://www.linkpicturelibrary.com/jurgen_gallery.htm|work=Link Portfolio|accessdate=19 April 2009|archive-date=20 August 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080820045323/http://www.linkpicturelibrary.com/jurgen_gallery.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> Dị ka otu n'ime ndị ọcha ole na ole na-ese foto na-ese ndụ kwa ụbọchị n'etiti ndị isi ojii, ọ ghọrọ onye maara banyere ndụ na ọdịbendị ndị isi ojii. N'ihi ya, o sere mmalite nke nnwere onwe na fim, mmetụta nke ịkpa ókè agbụrụ, na ndụ obodo. Schadeberg sere foto ọtụtụ ihe mere n'akụkọ ihe mere eme na ihe ndị dị mkpa na 1950s n'etiti ha Defiance Campaign nke 1952, 1956 Treason Trial, Sophiatown removals nke 1955, Sophiatowns jazz na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, ememe olili ozu Sharpeville nke 1960, na foto nke ndị mkpọrọ Robben Island. Ụfọdụ n'ime ndị ama ama o sere foto gụnyere [[Nelson Mandela]], Walter Sisulu, Oliver Tambo, Trevor Huddleston, na Govan Mbeki. O dekwara akụkọ ọdịbendị jazz nke 1950 dịka Thandi Klaasen, Hugh Masekela, Kippie Moeketsi na Miriam Makeba.<ref name="Döring"/><ref name="Oxley">Matthew Oxley: [https://www.worldphoto.org/blogs/22-11-16/father-south-african-photography-j%C3%BCrgen-schadeberg The Father of South African Photography - Jürgen Schadeberg] (interview) worldphoto.org 2017</ref><ref name="Leica">[https://web.archive.org/web/20200929222610/https://us.leica-camera.com/Leica-Galleries/Leica-Gallery-Prague/News-Program/A-TRIBUTE-TO-THE-MASTERS-OF-PHOTOGRAPHY-J%C3%BCrgen-Schadeberg A Tribute to the Masters of Photography / Jürgen Schadeberg] leica-camera.com</ref> O mere akwụkwọ banyere ndụ kwa ụbọchị.<ref name="Döring" /> Mgbe Drum chọrọ ka onye na-agụ egwu [[Dolly Rathebe]] bụrụ nwa agbọghọ na-ekpuchi otu n'ime nsogbu ha, Schadeberg kpọgara ya n'ebe a na-ekpofu ihe na Johannesburg wee see ya foto na bikini. E jidere ha abụọ maka imebi Iwu Omume rụrụ arụ nke machibidoro mmekọrịta agbụrụ.<ref name="Rathebe">{{Cite news|title=Dolly Rathebe|publisher=S A History|url=http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/rathebe-d.htm|accessdate=3 December 2007}}</ref> N'afọ 1959, Schadeberg hapụrụ Drum ka ọ bụrụ onye na-arụ ọrụ n'onwe ya.<ref name="SAhistory">[https://www.sahistory.org.za/people/jurgen-schadeberg Jürgen Schadeberg] South African History Online</ref> Ọ bụ akụkụ nke njem nke Prọfesọ Phillip V. Tobias si Mahadum nke Witwatersrand duziri iji mụọ ndị Bushmen, na-ebipụta foto na The ''Kalahari Bushmen Dance'' n'afọ 1982.<ref name="SAhistory" /> Schadeberg chere na ọ manyere ya ịhapụ South Africa site na ọgba aghara obodo, n'afọ 1964 ọ gara London, ebe ọ bụ onye nchịkọta foto nke magazin Camera Owner (onye bu ụzọ na Creative Camera), nke o tinyere mmetụta siri ike nke imewe ma mụbaa ọdịnaya ya, site na Eprel ruo Julaị 1965 ọ bụ ''onye'' editọ ya.<ref name="Döring"/><ref name="Leica"/><ref name="Botha">Ted Botha: [https://www.sapeople.com/2020/08/30/famous-mandela-photographer-at-drum-magazine-jurgen-schadeberg-dies/ Famous Mandela Photographer at Drum Magazine Jürgen Schadeberg Dies] sapeople.com 30 August 2020</ref><ref>Val Williams, 'Crowned with Thorns: Creative Camera 1965-1978'. In ''Creative Camera'' No.321, April–May 1993</ref> Ọ kụzikwaara ma na-elekọta ihe ngosi foto na England, ọkachasị maka Whitechapel Art Gallery.<ref name="Mentor"/> Mgbe ahụ ọ kwagara Spain ebe o lekwasịrị anya n'ọrụ ya dịka onye na-ese ihe.<ref name="SAhistory"/> N'afọ 1972, ọ laghachiri Africa ebe ọ nabatara ọrụ dị ka onye na-ese foto maka Christian Aid na [[Botswana]] na Tanzania. N'afọ 1973, ọ gara Senegal, Mali, Kenya na Zaire, na-ese foto.<ref name="SAhistory" /> N'afọ 1985, Schadeberg laghachiri South Africa, ebe ya na nwunye ya Claudia biri. Ọ gara n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ese foto, ma meekwa ihe ngosi banyere ndị isi ojii ruo afọ 2007, mgbe ọ laghachiri Europe.<ref name="Botha"/><ref name="Leica"/><ref name="Döring"/> == Ọnwụ == Schadeberg nwụrụ site na ọrịa strok n'ụlọ ya na La Drova, Valencia, Spain, na 29 August 2020, mgbe ọ dị afọ iri asatọ na itoolu.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Cowell|first=Alan|date=30 August 2020|title=Jürgen Schadeberg, Whose Photos Chronicled Apartheid, Dies at 89|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/30/obituaries/jurgen-schadeberg-dead.html|work=[[The New York Times]]|accessdate=31 August 2020}}</ref><ref name="Citizen"/> == Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara == * The Fifties People of South Africa : ndụ nke ihe dị ka mmadụ iri itoolu na ise nwere mmetụta na South Africa n'oge iri ise, oge nke hụrụ mmegharị mbụ nke mgbanwe na-abịanụ / na foto nke Bob Gosani ... [et al.] * ''Foto kachasị mma site na Drum ochie'', Bailey's African Photo Archives, 1987; Penguin Books [distributor], * The ''Kalahari Bushmen Dance'', Jürgen Schadeberg, 1982, * ''Nelson Mandela na'' Rise of the ANC / nke Jürgen Schadeberg chịkọtara ma dezie; foto nke Ian Berry ... [et al.] ; ederede nke Benson Dyantyi ...[et al.] * ''Sof'town Blues'': foto sitere na '50s ojii, J. Schadeberg, 1994, * ''Olu sitere na Robben Island'', Ravan Press, 1994, * The Black and White Fifties : Jürgen Schadeberg's South Africa, Protea, 2001, <ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=a1opAQAAIAAJ&q=J%C3%BCrgen+Schadeberg+18th+March+1931&dq=J%C3%BCrgen+Schadeberg+18th+March+1931&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi72Laut8PrAhV3QEEAHcrgBJcQ6AEwAXoECAEQAQ The Black and White Fifties: Jurgen Schadeberg's South Africa]</ref> * ''Soweto taa'', Protea Book House, 2002, * ''Ònye gburu Maazị Drum?'' / Sylvester Stein / foto nke Jürgen Schadeberg, Corvo Books, 2003, * ''Akwụkwọ'' nke Ndụ, UN Development Programme, 2004, * ''Onye akaebe'': 52 Afọ nke Pointing Lenses na Life, Protea Book House, 2004, * ''Olu sitere n'Ala'', Protea Book House, 2005, * ''Akụkọ sitere na Jozi'', Protea Book House, 2007, * ''Jürgen Schadeberg'', Hatje Cantz Verlag, nke Ralf-P. Seippel dezigharịrị, 2008, German/English/French, == Ihe nkiri na vidiyo == * ''Ernest Cole'' na vidiyo, nkeji iri ise na abụọ. Ndụ na ọrụ nke onye na-ese foto ojii nwere obi ike na onye ọsụ ụzọ<ref>David Smith: [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/nov/25/ernest-cole-david-goldblatt-apartheid-photography Life through a lens: Ernest Cole photographs shed light on apartheid] ''[[The Guardian]]'' 25 November 2010</ref> * ''Olu sitere na Robben Island'' 16 mm, 90 nkeji. Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ụlọ mkpọrọ agwaetiti a ma ama, ihe BBC na-emepụta<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20241204054642/https://archive.nelsonmandela.org/index.php/za-com-mm-163 Voices from Robben Island] archive.nelsonmandela.org</ref> * ''Ị hụla ịgbà n'oge na-adịbeghị anya?'' 35 mm, 77 nkeji. Afọ 1950 dị egwu na ọgba aghara na South Africa, na egwu na foto mbụ sitere na magazin Drum.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20211112125131/https://www2.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b79d97975 ''Have You Seen Drum Recently?'' (1989)] bfi.org.uk</ref> * ''Afọ asaa nke egwu'' Video, nkeji iri ise na isii. Njem egwu n'akụkọ ihe mere eme, site na San na-abụ abụ ruo Hugh Masekela * ''Dolly'' & the Inkspots Video, nkeji iri abụọ na isii. Ndụ na ncheta nke ngwakọta abụ jazz a a ma ama == Nchịkọta == A na-edebe ọrụ Schadeberg na nchịkọta na-adịgide adịgide ndị a: * Arts Council Collection, UK: mbipụta 2 (dị ka nke Septemba 2020)<ref>{{Cite web|accessdate=2020-09-02|title=Schadeberg, Jurgen|url=http://www.artscouncilcollection.org.uk/explore/artist/schadeberg-jurgen|work=Arts Council Collection}}</ref> * National Portrait Gallery, London: mbipụta 8 (dị ka nke Septemba 2020)<ref>{{Cite web|accessdate=2020-09-02|title=Jurgen Schadeberg - National Portrait Gallery|url=https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp132713/jurgen-schadeberg|work=National Portrait Gallery}}</ref> * Tate, London: mbipụta 3 (dị ka nke Septemba 2020)<ref>{{Cite web|author=Tate|accessdate=2020-09-02|title=Jurgen Schadeberg born 1931|url=https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/jurgen-schadeberg-15787|work=Tate}}</ref> * Victoria na Albert Museum, London: mbipụta 2 (dị ka nke Septemba 2020)<ref>{{Cite web|accessdate=2020-09-02|title=Your Search Results|url=http://collections.vam.ac.uk/search/?listing_type=&offset=0&limit=15&narrow=&extrasearch=&q=Schadeberg%252C+Jurgen&commit=Search&quality=0&objectnamesearch=&placesearch=&after=&before=&namesearch=&materialsearch=&mnsearch=&locationsearch=|work=Victoria and Albert Museum}}</ref>  == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Official website * Literature by and about Jürgen Schadeberg in the German National Library catalogue * [http://www.artnet.de/k%c3%bcnstler/j%c3%bcrgen-schadeberg/ Jürgen Schadeberg] artnet.de * Gallery gallery nke Jürgen Schadeberg-seippel.com * Karin Andreasson: Jürgen Schadeberg kacha mma ịgba: Hans Prignitz na-agba aka na Hamburg (ajụjụ ọnụ) ''The Guardian'' 8 Mee 2014 * Jürgen Schadeberg & Nelson Mandela (2016) on YouTube gvelpgt3c43c66kmnactpfkgq2ap3bo Liya Kebede 0 16859 742118 199612 2026-10-31T03:35:30Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 742118 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Databox}}[[File:Liya Kebede 66ème Festival de Venise (Mostra).jpg|thumb|Liya Kebede]] [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Liya Kebede''' (Amharic: ሊያ ከበደ; amụrụ na 1 Maachị 1978) bụ [[Ethiopia|onye Etiopia]], onye na-eme ihe nlereanya, onye na-akwado ahụike nne, onye na-emepụta uwe, na onye na-eme ihe nkiri.<ref name="BOF">{{Cite web|url=https://www.businessoffashion.com/community/people/liya-kebede|title=Liya Kebede|work=Business of Fashion|accessdate=27 October 2019}}</ref> Ọ pụtara n'ihu akwukwọ ''Vogue'' ugboro atọ. Kebede jere ozi dị ka onye nnọchi anya WHO maka ahụike nne, nwa ọhụrụ na nwa kemgbe afọ 2005. == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Kebede ma zụlite ya na [[Addis Ababa]], [[Ethiopia]].<ref name="essence">Wiltz, Teresa. </ref> Ọ bụ onye agbụrụ Amhara.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://necessite.co/2019/04/30/liya-kebede/|title=Liya Kebede: Model, Mother, Actress, Designer, Activist|date=30 April 2019|accessdate=22 June 2022|archivedate=5 February 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230205145827/https://necessite.co/2019/04/30/liya-kebede/}}</ref> Ọ bụ naanị nwa nwanyị n'ezinụlọ ahụ nke nwere ụmụnne anọ. Onye nduzi ihe nkiri hụrụ ya mgbe ọ na-aga Lycée Guebre-Mariam, ụlọ akwụkwọ ebe ọ mụtara French nke ọma, wee kọwaara ya nye onye na-eme ihe ngosi French. Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ ya, ọ kwagara [[France]] iji chụsoo ọrụ site na ụlọ ọrụ Paris. Kebede mechara kwaga US, na mbụ na [[Chicago]] ma mesịa na New York City.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cnn.com/2007/SHOWBIZ/06/07/kebede.bio/index.html?section=cnn_latest|title=The model of perfection|work=CNN|date=June 11, 2007}}</ref> == Ọrụ ime ihe nlereanya == [[Usòrò:Liya_Kebede2.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Kebede na ihe ngosi ejiji Carolina Herrera (2008)]] Nnukwu iwu ewu Kebede bịara mgbe Tom Ford gwara ya maka nkwekọrịta pụrụ iche maka ihe ngosi ejiji Gucci n'oge Fall/Winter afọ 2000. Mgbe ahụ na Mee 2002 ọ nọ n'ihu Paris ''Vogue'', nke raara mbipụta ahụ dum nye ya.<ref name="essence">Wiltz, Teresa. </ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://nymag.com/fashion/models/lkebede/liyakebede/|title=Liya Kebede - Fashion Model|publisher=New York Magazine|accessdate=2011-01-11|archivedate=2010-11-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101127161247/http://nymag.com/fashion/models/lkebede/liyakebede/}}</ref> A hụla Kebede na mkpuchi nke Italian, Japanese, American, French na [[Spain|Spanish]] ''Vogue'', V, ''i-D'' na Time's Style & Design. E gosipụtara ya na mkpọsa mgbasa ozi gụnyere ndị nke Shiatzy Chen, Gap, Yves Saint-Laurent, Victoria's Secret, Emanuel Ungaro, Tommy Hilfiger, Revlon, Dolce & Gabbana, Escada na Louis Vuitton.<ref name="sterling">Sterling, Wayne. </ref><ref name="sterling" /><ref name="sterling" /> N'afọ 2003, a kpọrọ Kebede ihu kachasị ọhụrụ nke ihe ntecha Estée Lauder, naanị onye Etiopia jere ozi dị ka onye nnọchi anya ha na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ.<ref name="wwd">Naughton, Julie. </ref> A na-ekwu na nkwekọrịta ya ruru nde dọla atọ.<ref name="wwd" /> N'oge a n'ọrụ Kebede, ọ nọ n'ọnọdụ nke mbụ na models.com.<ref>{{Cite web|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040215092236/http://models.com/model_culture/50topmodels/top50.cfm?fnumber=5&lnumber=1|archivedate=February 15, 2004|title=MODELS.com's 50 Top Models - 5-1|url=http://models.com/model_culture/50topmodels/top50.cfm?fnumber=5&lnumber=1}}</ref> N'ọnwa Julaị afọ 2007, ebe Kebede nwetara nde dọla abụọ na pụkụ narị dọla ise n'ime ọnwa iri na abụọ gara aga, ''Forbes'' kpọrọ ya nke iri na otu na ndepụta nke World's 15 Top-Earning Supermodels.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/media/2007/07/19/models-media-bundchen-biz-media-cz_kb_0716topmodels.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070815233405/http://www.forbes.com/media/2007/07/19/models-media-bundchen-biz-media-cz_kb_0716topmodels.html|archivedate=August 15, 2007|title=The World's Top-Earning Models|author=Kiri Blakeley|date=16 July 2007|work=Forbes|accessdate=19 January 2015}}</ref> N'afọ sochirinụ, onye na-eme ihe nkiri James Scully jiri ya tụnyere "onye Grace Kelly dị iche".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://nymag.com/daily/fashion/2008/05/casting_agent_james_scullys_al.html|title=Casting Agent James Scully's All-Time Favorite Models|author=Herbst|first=Kendall|date=9 May 2008|work=[[New York (magazine)|New York]]|accessdate=20 February 2011}}</ref> N'afọ 2009, Kebede pụtara na ihe nkiri nke Desert Flower nke onye bụbu onye na-eme ihe nkiri Waris Dirie. Ihe nkiri ahụ na-akọ banyere oge Dirie bụ nwata na [[Somalia]], ịrị elu ya na mkpọsa mmata megide [[Ibe nwaanyị ugwu|ibi úgwù ụmụ nwanyị]]. E gosipụtara ya na Venice Film Festival ma nweta otuto kwụ ọtọ.<ref name="BBC">{{Cite news|author=Oakes|first=Keily|title=Escaping the Somailian Desert|work=BBC News|date=Sep 4, 2009|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/8238806.stm}}</ref> Kebede nwekwara obere ọrụ na The Good Shepherd (2006) na Lord of War (2005). O gosipụtara dị ka 'Face of the Moment' na May 2009 US ''Vogue''.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Vogue May 2009: More models|url=https://www.gofugyourself.com/photos/may-vogues-1981-present/may-2009-models-1587953630|work=GoFugYourself|date=27 April 2020|access-date=22 June 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212143001/https://www.gofugyourself.com/photos/may-vogues-1981-present/may-2009-models-1587953630|archive-date=12 December 2023|url-status=dead}}</ref> N'afọ 2011, Kebede so n'ime ndị nlereanya gosipụtara na mkpọsa "ọdịdị ọhụrụ" nke Lacoste na Jenụwarị, na mgbasa ozi nke Mert na Marcus gbasara, na-egosi ndị nlereanya na-eyi uwe elu Lacoste polo ọcha na-eyi n'elu uwe mgbede ojii.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.wwd.com/media-news/fashion-memopad/lacostes-unconventional-chic-hail-mario-testino-3409289|title=Memo Pad: Lacoste's New Look... Hail, Mario Testino...|work=WWD|date=28 December 2010|accessdate=19 January 2015}}</ref> Kebede so Jake Gyllenhaal mee ihe nkiri na mgbasa ozi Calvin Klein.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thecut.com/2017/10/the-story-behind-jake-gyllenhaals-calvin-klein-eternity-ad.html|title=Here's How Jake Gyllenhaal Ended Up Reciting Poetry to a Child|date=October 20, 2017|publisher=The Cut|accessdate=October 29, 2018}}</ref> Kebede nọ ugbu a na ndepụta nke "New Supers" site na models.com.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://models.com/rankings/ui/NewSupers/2030#2030|title=New Supers|work=MODELS.com|accessdate=2019-10-27}}</ref> === Lemlem === [[Usòrò:Liya_Kebede_at_the_2008_Tribeca_Film_Festival.JPG|thumb|246x246px|Kebede na 2008 Tribeca Film Festival.]] Kebede malitere Lemlem, akara ejiji, na 2007. Lemlem, nke pụtara "ịfụli" (to bloom) n'asụsụ Amharic, na-egosipụta uwe ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụaka eji aka, nke a na-akpa akwa ma na-achọ mma. Kebede guzobere akara ahụ iji nyere aka chekwaa nka nke ịkpa ákwà ọdịnala na Etiopia, na inye ndị omenkà mpaghara ohere ọrụ. A na-ere akara ahụ na ụlọ ahịa otu narị na iri ise.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://howtospendit.ft.com/womens-style/207652-the-unstoppable-liya-kebede-and-her-ethical-brand-lemlem|title=The unstoppable Liya Kebede and her ethical brand Lemlem|work=Financial Times|author=Cavanaugh|first=Alice|date=December 6, 2019}}</ref> == Nkwado == N'afọ 2005, a họpụtara Kebede dị ka onye nnọchi anya WHO Goodwill maka ahụike nne, nwa ọhụrụ na nwa.<ref name="vogue 2005">Holgate, Mark. </ref> O guzobere Liya Kebede Foundation, nke ebumnuche ya bụ ibelata ọnwụ nne, nwa ọhụrụ na ụmụaka na Etiopia na gburugburu ụwa. Nzukọ ahụ na-akwado nkwado na ọrụ mmata yana inye nkwado kpọmkwem maka teknụzụ dị ọnụ ala, agụmakwụkwọ obodo, na ọzụzụ na mmemme ahụike.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.theliyakebedefoundation.org/|title=The Liya Kebede Foundation|publisher=Theliyakebedefoundation.org|accessdate=19 January 2015}}</ref> N'otu ụlọ ọgwụ nke ntọala ahụ na-arụ ọrụ, nnyefe ụlọ ọgwụ jiri ihe karịrị pasent ịrị ise rịa elu n'ime ọnwa iri na abụọ.<ref name="Maplkact">{{Cite web|url=http://www.glamour.com/inspired/women-of-the-year/2013/liya-kebede-and-christy-turlington-burns|title=Models and Philanthropists Liya Kebede and Christy Turlington Burns Are Glamour Women of the Year for 2013|author=Clinton, Chelsea|date=30 October 2013|accessdate=24 November 2013}}</ref> Kebede agaala Etiopia iji kwado ọrụ ahụike nne n'ọtụtụ oge. N'afọ 2009, ọ rụrụ ọrụ na Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation dị ka akụkụ nke Living Proof Project.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.gatesfoundation.org/livingproofproject/Pages/liyas-diary-ethiopia-pregnancy-newborns.aspx|title=Living Proof - ONE|work=ONE|accessdate=19 January 2015|archivedate=9 February 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130209075202/http://www.gatesfoundation.org/livingproofproject/pages/liyas-diary-ethiopia-pregnancy-newborns.aspx}}</ref> Kebede jere ozi dị ka onye ndụmọdụ dị elu maka akụkọ Center for Global Development nke afọ 2009 "Bido na nwa agbọghọ: Agenda ọhụrụ maka ahụike ụwa".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cgdev.org/content/publications/detail/1422899/|title=Start with a Girl: A New Agenda for Global Health|work=Center For Global Development|accessdate=19 January 2015}}</ref> Kebede na-ede ihe na The Huffington Post banyere ahụike nne na nwa, a gosikwara ya na ''Vogue'' na The Daily Beast .<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/liya-kebede/lets-make-mothers-day-a-g_b_199119.html|title=Liya Kebede: Let's Make Mother's Day a Global Reality|date=7 June 2009|publisher=Huffington Post|accessdate=2011-01-11}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thedailybeast.com/author/liya-kebede/|title=Liya Kebede|publisher=The Daily Beast|date=2009-10-16|accessdate=2011-01-11}}</ref> Ọ bụkwa otu n'ime ndị mmeri maka ọgbọ na-enweghị nje HIV, otu ndị isi Afrịka nke onye bụbu onye isi ala Botswana Festus Mogae duziri.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hivfreechampions.org/|title=..:: Champions for an HIV Free Generation ::..|publisher=Hivfreechampions.org|accessdate=19 January 2015|archivedate=25 November 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221125082043/https://www.hivfreechampions.org/}}</ref> == Onyinye == N'afọ 2013, a kpọrọ Kebede otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị Glamour nke Afọ maka ọrụ ebere ya site na Liya Kebede Foundation.<ref name="Maplkact"/> == Ndụ onwe onye == N'afọ 2000, Kebede lụrụ onye njikwa ego nke Ethiopia bụ Kassy Kebede.<ref name="essence">Wiltz, Teresa. </ref> Ha nwere ụmụ abụọ: nwa nwoke Suhul (September 2000) na nwa nwanyị Raee (August 2005).<ref>Burke, Meredith Melling. </ref> Ka ọ na-erule afọ 2007, ezinụlọ ahụ biri na New York City. Di na nwunye ahụ kewara na 2013, ma gbaa alụkwaghịm na 2015.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://pagesix.com/2015/05/30/models-split-from-husband-finally-made-public/|title=Model's Split from husband finally made public|work=Page Six|author=Mohr|first=Ian|date=31 May 2015}}</ref> == Ihe nkiri == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Afọ !Aha ya !Ọrụ !Ihe edeturu |- |2005 |''Onye nwe agha'' |Okpukpe | |- |2006 |''Ezigbo Onye Ọzụzụ Atụrụ'' |Miriam | |- |2009 |''Okooko osisi Ọzara'' |Waris Dirie | |- |2011 |''Ọlaedo Ojii'' |Aicha | |- |2012 |''N'okporo ụzọ Marsupilami'' |Eze Nwanyị Paya | |- |2012 |''Isi obodo'' |Nassim | |- |2013 |''Onyinye Kasị Mma'' |Sarah | |- |2013 |''Enweghị ihe ọ bụla'' |Moira Neal | |- |2014 |''Samba'' |Magali a na-akpọ Gracieuse | |- |2018 |''Nicky Larson na Ihe Na-esi ísì ụtọ nke Cupid'' |Nwa nwanyị prọfesọ | |} == Ebensidee ==  {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070223053325/http://www.liyakebede.com/ Weebụsaịtị], nwere nyocha nke ọtụtụ isi mmalite maka isiokwu a (mgbe mmeghe, họrọ 'Press') * Liya Kebede Fundraising Event EthioTube Video * Liya Kebede at Fashion Model Directory * {{IMDb name|1493135|Liya Kebede}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] omhtescb331fj0b6m0xguq4tcbp9j30 Makroudh 0 18967 742122 89863 2026-10-31T05:25:34Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 742122 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Databox}} '''Makroudh''' (Arabic: مقروض, maqrūḍ, Maltese: maqrut), nke a na-akpọkwa makrout, bụ kuki sitere na nri Maghreb. Ọ na-ejupụta na mkpụrụ osisi ma ọ bụ mkpụrụ osisi almond, nke nwere ọdịdị dayamondu nke aha ahụ sitere na ọdịdị a. A na-eji ngwakọta nke semolina na ntụ ọka eme ntụ ọka ahụ, nke na-enye achịcha ahụ ọdịdị na ụtọ pụrụ iche. Enwere ike isi makroudh na mmanụ ma ọ bụ sie ya.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Gaelle & Patrice Le Franc|url=http://www.lacuisinedemacopine.net/makroudh.php|title=Makroudh|publisher=La Cuisinede Ma Copine|accessdate=2014-04-09|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120708220512/http://www.lacuisinedemacopine.net/makroudh.php|archivedate=2012-07-08}}</ref> Ọ na-ewu ewu na Maghreb ebe enwere ọtụtụ ụdị Makroudh, ụfọdụ n'ime ha bụ achịcha ndị na-enweghị ihe jikọrọ ya na Makroudh ọdịnala ma e wezụga ọdịdị.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.lesjoyauxdesherazade.com/makrout-el-louz/|title=Makrout el louz - Les Joyaux de Sherazade|date=2015-07-16|work=Les Joyaux de Sherazade|accessdate=2017-06-19|language=fr-FR|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201026213201/https://www.lesjoyauxdesherazade.com/makrout-el-louz/|archive-date=2020-10-26|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.lesjoyauxdesherazade.com/recette-pour-ramadan-facile-makrout-sale/|title=Recette pour ramadan facile / Makrout salé|date=2014-05-29|work=Les Joyaux de Sherazade|accessdate=2017-06-19|language=fr-FR|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301014415/https://www.lesjoyauxdesherazade.com/recette-pour-ramadan-facile-makrout-sale/|archive-date=2021-03-01|url-status=dead}}</ref> Na Algeria, enwere ike jupụta ha na almọnd paste.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gFK_yx7Ps7cC&pg=PT765|title=Encyclopedia of Jewish Food|author=Marks|first=Gil|date=2010-11-17|publisher=Houghton Mifflin Harcourt|isbn=978-0544186316|language=en}}</ref> Makroudh nwèrè ihe mmicha aka na mmanụ aṅụ na-ewu ewu n'oge Eid al-Fitr.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Jacob|first=Jeanne|title=The World Cookbook: The Greatest Recipes from Around the Globe|date=2014|publisher=ABC-CLIO|url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_World_Cookbook_The_Greatest_Recipes/GmqEAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA23}}</ref> == Nkwadebe == A na-akwadebe ''Makroudh'' site na itinye ntụ ọka e ji semolina mee, na-ejikarị ụdị ụbọchị Deglet Nour. A na-atụgharị ntụ ọka ahụ ma bepụ ya ka ọ bụrụ diamond. Mgbe ahụ, a na-esi achịcha ahụ esi ma ọ bụ sie ya n'ọkụ. Nzọụkwụ ikpeazụ na-agụnye itinye makroudh na sirop na-atọ ụtọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.foodingredientsonline.com/doc/north-african-cuisine-0001|title=North African Cuisine|work=www.foodingredientsonline.com|language=en|accessdate=2018-02-05}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Ndepụta nri ndị dị n'Etiti Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Ụwa * Ndepụta nri ndị Afrịka * Nri ndị Berber * Imqaret * Mamoul * Hamantash == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} irybqv3lt1716y9as7ktb32eh7esjhg Lamington 0 19068 742116 588601 2026-10-31T01:57:22Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 742116 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Lamington''' bụ achịcha Australia nke e ji square nke achịcha bọta ma ọ bụ achịcha sponge kpuchie n'ime ihe dị n'èzí nke chocolate sauce ma tụgharịa ya na akị bekee kpọrọ nkụ. A na-etinye ngwakọta ahụ dị nro n'ime mpụga nke achịcha sponge ma hapụ ya ka ọ setịpụ, na-enye achịcha ahụ ọdịdị pụrụ iche. Ụdị dị iche iche nwere ihe dị n'etiti mmiri ara ehi ma ọ bụ strawberry jam n'etiti ọkara lamington abụọ.<ref name="Symons1984">{{Cite book|author=Michael Symons|title=One Continuous Picnic: A History of Eating in Australia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SH_fAAAAMAAJ|year=1984|publisher=Penguin Books Australia|isbn=978-0-14-007167-2}}</ref><ref name="Wong">{{Cite news|author=Wong|first=Jennifer|title=Everything you need to know about lamingtons, the most Australian cake|url=https://www.abc.net.au/life/everything-you-need-to-know-about-lamingtons-australian-cake/10720880|accessdate=28 January 2019|work=ABC Life|publisher=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]]|date=24 January 2019}}</ref> == Mmalite ya == E kwenyere na a na-akpọ Lamingtons aha Lord Lamington, onye jere ozi dị ka Gọvanọ nke Queensland site na afo 1896 ruo 1901, ma ọ bụ nwunye ya, Lady Lamington.<ref name="French2013">{{Cite book|author=French|first=Maurice|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IPQ8lwEACAAJ|title=The Lamington Enigma: A Survey of the Evidence|publisher=Tabletop Publishing|year=2013|isbn=978-0-9874322-0-9|accessdate=23 May 2018}}</ref><ref name="auto">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/australia-food-blog/2014/may/16/lamingtons-provenance-unproven-but-tastiness-unquestioned|title=Lamingtons – provenance unproven but tastiness unquestioned|author=Veenhuyzen|first=Max|date=15 May 2014|work=[[The Guardian]]|publisher=[[Guardian Media Group]]|accessdate=21 April 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Martell|first=Ally|title=A slice of the action - the lamington demands recognition|url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/life/food-wine/a-slice-of-the-action-the-lamington-demands-recognition/story-e6frg8jo-1226668996800|accessdate=10 September 2016|work=[[The Australian]]|publisher=[[News Corp Australia]]|date=25 June 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161016164151/http://www.theaustralian.com.au/life/food-wine/a-slice-of-the-action-the-lamington-demands-recognition/story-e6frg8jo-1226668996800|archive-date=16 October 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ọtụtụ akwụkwọ na-agbaso nke mbụ.<ref name="GoldsteinMintz2015">{{Cite book|editor=Goldstein|title=The Oxford Companion to Sugar and Sweets|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jbi6BwAAQBAJ&pg=PA34|year=2015|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|isbn=978-0-19-931339-6|accessdate=23 May 2018}}</ref><ref name="Davidson2014">{{Cite book|first=Alan|author=Davidson|authorlink=Alan Davidson (food writer)|editor=Jaine|title=The Oxford Companion to Food|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bIIeBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA456|date=2014|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|isbn=978-0-19-104072-6|edition=3rd|accessdate=23 May 2018}}</ref><ref name="Santich2012">{{Cite book|first=Barbara|author=Santich|title=Bold Palates: Australia's Gastronomic Heritage|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RkHKFAzc_5AC&pg=PA203|year=2012|publisher=[[Wakefield Press (Australia)|Wakefield Press]]|location=Adelaide|isbn=978-1-74305-094-1|accessdate=23 May 2018}}</ref> Ihe mbụ a maara banyere aha lamington, site na ọnwa isii, na afo 1927, jikọtara achịcha ahụ na Lord Lamington.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/169146899/16919776|title=Some Special Recipes|work=[[The Sydney Mail]]|publisher=[[John Fairfax and Sons]]|date=29 June 1927|accessdate=1 February 2015|pages=37-38}}</ref> A rụrịtakwara ụka banyere onye mepụtara usoro nri ahụ. Ọtụtụ akụkọ na-ekwu na ọ bụ onye isi nri Lord Lamington, onye a mụrụ na France bụ Armand Galland, bụ onye a kpọrọ n'oge na-adịghị anya ka ọ nye ndị ọbịa a na-atụghị anya ya nri. N'iji naanị ihe ndị dịnụ, Galland bepụrụ ụfọdụ achịcha vanilla sponge French fọdụrụ n'ụbọchị gara aga, tinye ya na chocolate ma tinye ha na akị bekee. N'ịbụ ndị ihe Galland kere masịrị, a sịrị na ndị ọbịa Lamington mechara rịọ maka ntụziaka ahụ. Ihe omume a na-akwado akụkọ Lady Lamington.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.smh.com.au/national/galland-attempt-to-please-a-lady-takes-the-cake-20090605-bylq.html|first=Cosima|author=Marriner|title=Galland attempt to please a Lady takes the Cake|work=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]|publisher=[[Fairfax Media]]|date=6 June 2009|quote=Lady Lamington refers to the cake in memoirs she wrote for her children. "She makes the point the lamington was created by their French chef Armand Galland," curator Katie McConnel says.|accessdate=27 January 2020}}</ref> A naghị eji akị bekee eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe na nri ndị Europe n'oge ahụ, mana Galland maara ya, onye nwunye ya si Tahiti, ebe akị bọọlụ bụ ihe a na-ejikarị eme ya. Otu akụkọ na-atụ aro na e bu ụzọ jeere lamington ozi na Toowoomba, mgbe Lord Lamington kpọọrọ ndị ya gaa Harlaxton House iji gbanahụ okpomọkụ nke Brisbane, ebe onye ọzọ na-ekwu na ọ bụ Galland kere ya na Queensland's Government House na Brisbane n'oge ọrụ na-eduga na Federation na afo 1901.<ref>{{Cite web|first=Ed|author=Halmagyi|url=http://www.fast-ed.com.au/a-brief-history-of-lamingtons/|title=A brief history of lamingtons|date=6 July 2011|work=www.fast-ed.com.au|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921055930/http://www.fast-ed.com.au/a-brief-history-of-lamingtons/|archivedate=21 September 2013}}</ref> Nkwupụta ọzọ bụ na onye na-esi nri Lord Lamington, ma eleghị anya Galland, tụbara otu blọk nke sponge cake n'ime efere chocolate na mberede. E mechara chọpụta na akị bekee kpọrọ nkụ, nke a na asụsụ awụsa n'elu ya, mere ka achịcha ndị ahụ dịkwuo mma.<ref name="ozwords">{{Cite web|title=Lamington or Lemmington?: The Oz ‘National Dish’|publisher=[[Australian National Dictionary Centre]]|date=May 1999|work=Aussie Words|url=http://www.anu.edu.au/ANDC/pubs/ozwords/May_99/6._lamington.htm|accessdate=11 October 2006|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080607040705/http://www.anu.edu.au/ANDC/pubs/ozwords/May_99/6._lamington.htm|archivedate=7 June 2008}}</ref> Ihe mbụ a maara banyere "Lamington cake" pụtara na akụkọ akwụkwọ akụkọ nke afọ 1896 banyere "Lumington Function" na Laidley na Queensland. Ihe omume ahụ bụ iji sọpụrụ Lord Lamington (ọ bụ ezie na o yiri ka ọ bịaghị) ma gosikwa "Lamington Tea", "Laminton Soup" wdg, yabụ, na enweghị nkọwa ọ bụla nke achịcha ahụ, aha achịcha ahụ nwere ike ịpụta ihe ọ bụla karịa aha ihe omume ahụ.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/123358617|title=Notes on the "Lamington Function".|work=[[Queensland Times, Ipswich Herald and General Advertiser]]|date=28 July 1896|accessdate=17 January 2015|page=3}}</ref> A chọtara usoro nri nke afọ 1900 maka Lamington Cakes na akwụkwọ akụkọ Queensland Country Life.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/101452826|title=Useful Recipes|work=[[Queensland Country Life (1900–1910)|Queensland Country Life]]|date=17 December 1900|accessdate=18 April 2014|page=29}}</ref> Ọ bụ ezie na usoro nri ahụ malitere na Queensland, ọ gbasara ngwa ngwa, na-apụta na akwụkwọ akụkọ Sydney na afo 1901 na akwụkwọ akụkọ ndị New Zealand na afọ 1902.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/165233945|title=The Ladies' Page|work=[[Sydney Mail and New South Wales Advertiser]]|date=12 October 1901|accessdate=17 January 2015|page=938}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=The Table|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/NZH19020827.2.13|accessdate=17 January 2015|work=[[The New Zealand Herald]]|date=27 August 1902|page=3}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, ọ dịghị nke ọ bụla n'ime usoro nri ndị a na-egosi onye mepụtara usoro nri ahụ ma ọ bụ ihe kpatara aha ya. Akụkọ April Fools' Day nke afọ 2014 sitere na Guardian Australia kwuru na lamington dabere na achịcha New Zealand a na-amaghị ama nke a maara dị ka "Wellington".<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/apr/01/lamington-invented-in-new-zealand-new-research-proves-beyond-doubt|title=Lamington invented in New Zealand, new research proves 'beyond doubt'|author=Priol|first=Olaf|authorlink=April Fools' Day|date=1 April 2014|work=[[The Guardian]]|publisher=[[Guardian Media Group]]|accessdate=1 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Go coco for lamingtons - it’s World Lamington Day|url=https://www.sbs.com.au/food/article/2019/07/19/go-coco-lamingtons-its-world-lamington-day|work=SBS|accessdate=6 April 2020|archivedate=21 September 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190921114409/https://www.sbs.com.au/food/article/2019/07/19/go-coco-lamingtons-its-world-lamington-day}}</ref> Akụkọ mmalite aghụghọ a mechara kwughachi site na isi mmalite ndị ọzọ.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Leeder|first=Erin|title=Foods Australia And New Zealand Love To Bicker About|url=https://theculturetrip.com/pacific/australia/articles/5-foods-australia-and-new-zealand-love-to-bicker-about/|work=Culture Trip|accessdate=4 April 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191116074245/https://theculturetrip.com/pacific/australia/articles/5-foods-australia-and-new-zealand-love-to-bicker-about/|archivedate=16 November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=10 things Australia have tried to steal from New Zealand and claim as their own|url=https://www.theedge.co.nz/home/sponsored/primo/10-things-australia-have-tried-to-steal-from-new-zealand-and-cla.html|work=The Edge|accessdate=4 April 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180914075717/https://www.theedge.co.nz/home/sponsored/primo/10-things-australia-have-tried-to-steal-from-new-zealand-and-cla.html|archivedate=14 September 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Bristow|first=Mark|title=Food Fight – are pavlovas, lamingtons and flat whites Aussie or Kiwi?|url=https://www.appliancesonline.com.au/academy/ovens-cooking/food-fight-are-pavlovas-lamingtons-and-flat-whites-aussie-or-kiwi/|work=Appliances Online|accessdate=6 April 2020|archivedate=20 June 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180620124928/https://www.appliancesonline.com.au/academy/ovens-cooking/food-fight-are-pavlovas-lamingtons-and-flat-whites-aussie-or-kiwi/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=April Fools' Day jokes 2014 – the best on the web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2014/apr/01/april-fools-jokes-2014-best-web|work=The Guardian|accessdate=21 April 2020|archivedate=12 November 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112013614/http://www.theguardian.com/media/2014/apr/01/april-fools-jokes-2014-best-web}}</ref> == Oge a == [[Usòrò:NZ_Lamington.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/NZ_Lamington.jpg/220px-NZ_Lamington.jpg|thumb|A cream-jupụtara lamington na New Zealand]] Lamingtons ka bụ ihe a ma ama na Australia na New Zealand, a họpụtakwara 21 Julaị dị ka National Lamington Day na Australia.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Australians celebrate National Lamington Day|url=http://www.radioaustralia.net.au/international/radio/onairhighlights/australians-celebrate-national-lamington-day/983740|accessdate=10 September 2016|work=[[Radio Australia]]|publisher=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]]|date=20 July 2012|quote=21 July is National Lamington Day, celebrating the creation of a square piece of cake that's covered in chocolate, coated with desiccated coconut, and deeply ingrained in Australian culture.}}</ref><ref name="Wong" /> A na-erekarị Lamingtons na nchịkọta ego maka ụlọ akwụkwọ ma ọ bụ òtù ọrụ ebere, nke a maara dị ka "lamington drives".<ref name="Hughes1989">{{Cite book|first=Joan|author=Hughes|title=Australian words and their origins|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=B7tZAAAAMAAJ|year=1989|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|isbn=978-0-19-553087-2}}</ref> Ụfọdụ ndị Australia na-eme ka aha ahụ dị mkpirikpi ka ọ bụrụ "Lammo" (otu) ma ọ bụ "Lammos" (ọtụtụ).<ref name="Annabel Smith January 21st 2014">{{Cite web|first=Annabel|author=Smith|title=The secret to baking a perfect lamington|url=https://www.goodfood.com.au/recipes/how-to/the-secret-to-baking-a-perfect-lamington-20140120-315ko|date=22 January 2018|work=goodfood.com.au|publisher=[[Fairfax Media]]|quote=We asked expert bakers for their tips on how to tackle the humble "lammo".|accessdate=27 January 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190403080031/https://www.goodfood.com.au/recipes/how-to/the-secret-to-baking-a-perfect-lamington-20140120-315ko|archivedate=3 April 2019}}</ref> === Ụdị dị iche iche === Na [[Hungary]], a maara ihe yiri nke a dị ka kókuszkocka, ma ọ bụ oghere akị bekee.<ref name="auto" /> A maara ihe yiri nke ahụ ma dị obere na South Africa dị ka [[:af:Ystervarkie|''ystervarkies'']] (obere porcupines).<ref name="auto" /> N'obodo Cleveland dị na United States, a na-akpọ ha ụlọ mmanya akị bekee.<ref name="auto" /> Obere British Overseas Territory nke St Helena Island, na South Atlantic Ocean, nwere ụdị dị iche a na-akpọ Coconut Fingers, nke a na-eme maka oge pụrụ iche dị ka agbamakwụkwọ na ụbọchị ọmụmụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Coconut Fingers recipe - The greatest, best cake in the world!|url=https://www.saintcooks.com/coconut_fingers/|accessdate=2020-12-27|work=The Saint Cooks|language=en-GB|archivedate=13 August 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200813174339/https://www.saintcooks.com/coconut_fingers/}}</ref> Na New Zealand, ụdị raspberry na-ewu ewu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.chelsea.co.nz/browse-recipes/raspberry-lamingtons/|title=Raspberry Lamingtons|work=Chelsea Sugar|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181104003037/https://www.chelsea.co.nz/browse-recipes/raspberry-lamingtons/|archivedate=4 November 2018|accessdate=4 November 2018}}</ref> Croatian čupavci bụ achịcha yiri ya, ọ bụ ezie na ọ nweghị akwa jam. ''Čupavci'' so n'ime nri Krismas kachasị ewu ewu na Croatia.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-12-31|title=Croatian Cooking: Čupavci Recipe|url=https://www.chasingthedonkey.com/croatian-cooking-cupavci-recipe-australian-lamingtons/|accessdate=2020-12-27|work=Chasing the Donkey|language=en-US|archivedate=12 November 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112034720/https://www.chasingthedonkey.com/croatian-cooking-cupavci-recipe-australian-lamingtons/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Recipe for Cupavci: a sweet that takes you back to childhood|url=https://travelhonestly.com/cupavci/|accessdate=2020-12-27|work=travelhonestly.com|language=en-US|archivedate=24 November 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124201514/https://travelhonestly.com/cupavci/}}</ref> Na Mauritius, e nwere nri oriri [[Mauritius|Mauritian]] nke bụ ụdị nke achịcha Lamington; A na-akpọ ya "Red Lamington cake", nke a makwara dị ka "Gato carré rouge" (lit. "red cube cake" ma ọ bụ "red square cake" na Bekee na "Gâteau carré rouge) ma ọ bụ" "Gato Francis" (lit). "Francis Cake" ma ọ bụ "Cake Francis" na Bekee ma ọ bụ ""Gâteau Francis" na French).<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2019-01-22|title=Gâteau Carré Rouge - Red Lamington Cake|url=http://www.cuizinemaurice.com/2019/01/gateau-carre-rouge-red-lamington-cake/|accessdate=2021-04-26|work=Cuizine Maurice|language=en-US|archivedate=26 April 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210426223617/http://www.cuizinemaurice.com/2019/01/gateau-carre-rouge-red-lamington-cake/}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Gato Carre Rouge (Gato Francis) {{!}} Recipes - Shelina Permalloo|url=http://shelinacooks.com/recipes/details/gato-carre-rouge-gato-francis|accessdate=2021-04-26|work=shelinacooks.com|archivedate=26 April 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210426223615/http://shelinacooks.com/recipes/details/gato-carre-rouge-gato-francis}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-07-27|title=“Gateau Carre Rouge” – Red Lamington Cake|url=https://brindabungaroo.com/recipes/sweets-treats/gateau-carre-rouge-red-lamington-cake/|accessdate=2021-04-26|work=Brinda Bungaroo|language=en|archivedate=26 April 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210426223615/https://brindabungaroo.com/recipes/sweets-treats/gateau-carre-rouge-red-lamington-cake/}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web|author=Crunch|first=Culture|date=2019-08-09|title=RED SQUARE CAKE FROM MAURITIUS: the easy recipe|url=https://culture-crunch.com/en/2019/08/09/gateau-carre-rouge-de-lile-maurice-la-recette-facile/|accessdate=2021-04-26|work=CULTURE CRUNCH|language=en|archivedate=26 April 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210426223615/https://culture-crunch.com/en/2019/08/09/gateau-carre-rouge-de-lile-maurice-la-recette-facile/}}</ref> A na-eji ihe na-acha uhie uhie eme ihe iji nye achịcha ahụ ụcha uhie ya; a na-etinye akụkụ square nke achịcha ahụ na ihe na-eme ka ọ na-acha ọbara ọbara kpamkpam; a na'oge ahụ, a na-ekpuchi akụkụ square nke achicha ahụ na akị bekee kpọrọ nkụ ma na-etinye mmiri ara ehi n'elu achịcha ahụ.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" /> A pụrụ itinye ọkara candied cherry ma ọ bụ ọkara strawberry n'elu mmiri ara ehi dị ka elu.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> A na-eme achịcha ahụ mgbe ụfọdụ na strawberry.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Le Gâteau Francis|url=https://www.ebox.mu/daily/recipe/le-gateau-quot;francisquot;.html|accessdate=2021-04-26|work=eBox|language=french|archivedate=26 April 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210426223616/https://www.ebox.mu/daily/recipe/le-gateau-quot;francisquot;.html}}</ref><ref name=":2" /> == Onyinye == N'afọ 2009, dịka akụkụ nke emume Q150, a mara ọkwa lamington dị ka otu n'ime ihe oyiyi Q150 nke Queensland maka ọrụ ya dị ka ihe ngosi "ihe ọhụrụ na ihe e mepụtara".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://statements.qld.gov.au/statement/id/64301|title=PREMIER UNVEILS QUEENSLAND’S 150 ICONS|author=Bligh|first=Anna|authorlink=Anna Bligh|date=10 June 2009|publisher=[[Queensland Government]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170524033717/http://statements.qld.gov.au/statement/id/64301|archivedate=24 May 2017|accessdate=24 May 2017}}</ref> == Hụkwa ==   * Nri ndị Australia * Akị bekee * Ndepụta nri ndị e ji esi nri == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] jwfxo7rbzm4w7rf93bh8bt6v192nr5g Kate Yeo 0 19225 742109 737115 2026-10-30T23:23:19Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 742109 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kate Yeo''' (amụrụ n'afọ 2001) bụ onye na-eme ngagharị iwe maka ihu igwe na Singapore. == Ịgba mbọ == === Ọnọdụ ihu igwe === N'afọ 2018, Kate malitere mkpọsa BYO Bottle SG iji kwado megide plastik a na-eji otu ugboro eme ihe na Singapore.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Bose|first=Durva|title=Kate Yeo on championing the 'bring your own' movement|url=https://zerrin.com/kate-yeo-byo-bottle-singapore-fighting-single-use-plastic/|work=ZERRIN|date=5 July 2021|accessdate=21 December 2021}}</ref> Omume a arụwo ọrụ na ụlọ mmanya pụkụ abụọ na ịrị atọ na otu ma rute ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ mmadụ pụkụ ịrị.<ref>{{Cite web|title=BYO Bottle SG|url=https://byobottlesg.com/|accessdate=30 March 2022|work=BYO Bottle SG|language=en-GB|archivedate=21 December 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221184010/https://byobottlesg.com/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Mah|first=Jamie|title=Singapore's Sustainability: Our Garden City's Green Efforts|url=https://hypesingapore.com/index.php/2021/06/23/singapores-sustainability-our-garden-citys-efforts/|work=Hype Singapore|date=23 June 2021|accessdate=13 December 2021}}</ref> O nwetakwara ihe nrite nke abụọ na Goi Peace Foundation International Essay Contest for Young People maka edemede ya akpọrọ "Agha megide mmetọ plastik".<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Battle Against Plastic Pollution|url=https://www.goipeace.or.jp/wp/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/2018_winner_2Y1-e.pdf|publisher=GOI Peace Foundation|accessdate=20 November 2021}}</ref> Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị na-ahazi We The Planet climate strikes maka Earth Day 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Seah|first=Kimberly|title=A Singaporean Perspective: Is Activism Enough to Save the Climate?|url=https://iasgazette.com/2020/12/30/a-singapore-perspective-is-activism-enough-to-save-the-climate-2/|work=The IAS Gazette|date=30 December 2020|accessdate=20 November 2021|archivedate=4 November 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211104081024/https://iasgazette.com/2020/12/30/a-singapore-perspective-is-activism-enough-to-save-the-climate-2/}}</ref> Mgbe ahụ, o guzobere Re-Earth Initiative, otu NGO nke ndị ntorobịa na-eduzi na mba ụwa na-agba mbọ ime ka onye ọ bụla nwee ike ịnweta usoro ihu igwe.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Bimal|first=Nehaa|title=The Re-Earth Initiative on Promoting Inclusivity, Accessibility & Unity in the Climate Change Movement|url=https://www.theteenmagazine.com/the-re-earth-initiative-on-promoting-inclusivity-accessibility-unity-in-the-climate-change-movement|work=The Teen Mag|accessdate=24 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221184012/https://www.theteenmagazine.com/the-re-earth-initiative-on-promoting-inclusivity-accessibility-unity-in-the-climate-change-movement|archive-date=21 December 2021|url-status=dead}}</ref> O nyekwara aka ịhazi Virtual Youth Environment Assembly, nke U.N. Environmental Programme haziri.<ref name="eui">{{Cite web|author=Williams|first=Rebecca|title=Kate Yeo: Plastics and Climate Youth Activist|url=https://blogs.eui.eu/envlaw/kate-yeo-plastics-and-climate-youth-activist/|work=EUI Environmental Law and Governance Blog EUI Blogs|date=27 November 2020|accessdate=21 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221184011/https://blogs.eui.eu/envlaw/kate-yeo-plastics-and-climate-youth-activist/|archive-date=21 December 2021|url-status=dead}}</ref> N'ọnwa Eprel 2021, ọ bụ onye nnọchiteanya na Othering & Belonging Summit, n'akụkụ onye edemede na onye na-ahụ maka ihu igwe Naomi Klein na ndị ọzọ na-akwado ndị ntorobịa Tokata Iron Eyes, [[Xiye Bastida]] na Samia Dumbuya.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Grossman|first=Sara|title=Video & Recap: The 2021 O&B Virtual Summit|url=https://belonging.berkeley.edu/video-recap-2021-ob-virtual-summit|work=Othering & Belonging Institute|accessdate=21 December 2021}}</ref> Kate ekwuola okwu nke ọma banyere mkpa ọ dị itinye ndị ntorobịa ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ Eshia n'ime mgbanwe ihu igwe.<ref name="eui" /> === Atụmatụ COVID-19 === N'oge ọrịa a, Kate malitere atụmatụ iji kwado ndị na-ere ahịa na Singapore. Ezinụlọ ya zụrụ ọtụtụ mmadụ nri na ihe ọṅụṅụ nke e nyere ndị bi n'ụlọ ọkara.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Lui|first=Karen|title=S'pore family buys food for 20 pax from Amoy Street Food Centre & donates to halfway house|url=https://mothership.sg/2021/05/support-hawker-donate-food/|work=Mothership|accessdate=14 December 2021}}</ref> == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Ndị amụrụ n'afọ 2001]] tqom58sb4zva2znkzevgeeghmmut5od James Adeniyi 0 19403 742093 741546 2026-10-30T18:57:02Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 742093 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:James_Adeniyi.jpg|thumb|James Adeniyi]]{{Databox}} Segun James Adeniyi (amụrụ na 20 Disemba 1992) bụ onye [[Naijiria]] na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba ọsọ '''dị ka''' onye na-agbachitere Tuzlaspor na TFF na League mbụ. == Ọrụ klọb == === Ọrụ mmalite === A mụrụ Adeniyi na Lagos, [[Naijiria]] n'ime ezinụlọ ndị Alakụba, a zụlitere ya na mpaghara [[Mushin, Lagos|Mushin]] nke [[Lagos]] ya na ụmụnne ya nwoke abụọ na ụmụnne nwanyị anọ. N'afọ 2009, a kpọrọ ya ka ọ gaa n'ogige ọzụzụ nke ndị otu mba Naịjirịa na-erubeghị afọ iri na asaa kwadoro, mana e mechara hapụ ya ma ọ banyeghị na ndị otu ikpeazụ nke gara njem Qatar.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.sl10.ng/news/articles/categories/nigeria-interviews/the-professionals-sl10-chats-to-kf-laci-youngster-adeniyi-james/194769|title=SL10 Chats To KF Laci's Adeniyi James|publisher=Sl10.ng|date=5 December 2014|accessdate=7 February 2016}}</ref> === Bylis Ballsh === N'ọnwa Jenụwarị afọ 2012, James sonyeere ndị otu Superliga nke Albania bụ Bylis Ballsh, ebe ndị egwuregwu Naijiria ndị ọzọ bụbu akụkụ nke ndị otu ahụ, ọ sonyeere otu ndị ntorobịa nke klọb ahụ tupu a kwalite ya na otu mbụ n'ihu mkpọsa 2012 . O mere nke mbụ ya na 23 Septemba 2012 na Superliga nke Albania megide FK Kukësi, na-abịa dị ka onye na-anọchi Shkëlzen Kelmendi na nkeji iri asatọ na ọdịda 1.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2012/09/23/albania/super-league/ks-perparimi-kukes/ks-bylis-ballsh/1305988/|title=Kukësi vs. Bylis Ballsh 1 – 0|publisher=Soccerway|date=23 September 2012|accessdate=7 February 2016}}</ref> Naanị ụbọchị ole na ole ka e mesịrị na 26 Septemba, James mere mmalite ọkachamara mbụ ya na [[Albania]] Cup tie megide Tërbuni Puke, ebe ọ gbakwara goolu ọkachamara mbụ ya n'ọkwa 2a.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2012/09/26/albania/cup/ks-terbuni-puke/ks-bylis-ballsh/1395655/|title=Tërbuni Pukë vs. Bylis Ballsh 0 – 2|publisher=Soccerway|date=26 September 2012|accessdate=7 February 2016}}</ref> ==== Ịgbazinye Tomori Berat ==== N'ọnwa Jenụwarị afọ 2013, e zigara James na onye otu ụgbọ elu Tomori Berat maka akụkụ nke abụọ nke oge 2012 - 13.<ref name="Berat">{{Cite news|url=http://sportekspres.com/ne-berat-e-lane-pa-buke-sot-xhejmsin-e-do-gjithe-superiorja/|title="Në Berat e lanë pa bukë, sot Xhejmsin e do gjithë Superiorja"|publisher=Sport Ekspres|language=Albanian|date=31 May 2018|accessdate=31 May 2018}}</ref> Mgbe ejiri ya mee ihe na mbụ dị ka onye azụ aka nri, James nwere mmasị na egwuregwu mwakpo ya na mwakpo n'ihu ma nye ya ọrụ mwakpo.<ref name="Berat" /> Ọ gbara egwuregwu mbụ ya maka otu ọhụrụ ya na 10 Febụwarị, malite ma na-egwu nkeji 90 zuru ezu na mmeri Tirana.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2013/02/10/albania/super-league/kf-tirana/fk-tomori-berat/1306058/|title=Tirana vs. Tomori Berat 1 – 0|publisher=Soccerway|date=10 February 2013|accessdate=31 May 2018}}</ref> Onyinye mbụ ya maka otu ahụ bịara mgbe e mesịrị na mpụta nke anọ ya, na-emeghe ihe n'ime nkeji anọ na mmeri Kastrioti Krujë n'ụlọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2013/03/03/albania/super-league/fk-tomori-berat/ks-kastrioti-kruje/1306077/|title=Tomori Berat vs. Kastrioti Krujē 1 – 2|publisher=Soccerway|date=3 March 2013|accessdate=31 May 2018}}</ref> James gbara egwuregwu iri na abụọ n'oge obere oge ọ nọrọ na klọb ahụ, ha niile dị ka onye mbido, na-anakọta nkeji 1062 ka ndị otu ahụ laghachiri na ngalaba mbụ nke [[Albania]] mgbe oge abụọ gasịrị. Mgbe ngwụcha oge ahụ gasịrị, ndị otu ahụ gbasara ma James nọgidere na-enweghị ego, mgbe klọb ahụ akwụghị ya ụgwọ ọtụtụ oge, ya na ndị egwuregwu mba ọzọ bi na obere họtel dị nso n'ámá egwuregwu ahụ.<ref name="Berat" /> === Laçi === ==== Oge 2014-15 ==== Na mbido mbụ ya na [[Obodo Békè|Europe]] na agba nke mbụ nke Europa League na 3 Julaị 2014, James gbara goolu mbụ ya na European megide Rudar Velenje nke Slovenia n'ụlọ. Goolu ya bịara na nkeji nke 89 nke egwuregwu ahụ nke mere ka akara ahụ hara nhata na 1 - 1.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/season=2015/matches/round=2000583/match=2014655/index.html|title=Rudar Velenje 1–1 KF Laçi|publisher=UEFA.com|date=3 July 2014|accessdate=7 May 2016}}</ref> Ọ gbakwara bọọlụ n'oge ọ laghachiri, na-emeghe akara ahụ naanị ka onye na-eme ka egwuregwu ahụ nwee oge mgbakwunye wee nye ntaramahụhụ, ebe Laçi meriri 3 - 2 na ọgụ ahụ na ebe Adeniyi gbara penalty mmeri.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/season=2015/matches/round=2000583/match=2014694/index.html|title=KF Laçi 1–1 Rudar Velenje|publisher=UEFA.com|date=10 July 2014|accessdate=7 May 2016}}</ref> Mgbe e wepụrụ Laçi na Europa League, James gbara egwuregwu mbụ ya na 24 Ọgọst 2014, na-enyere Elton Doku aka na 1 zọpụtara n'ụlọ megide Partizani Tirana.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.panorama-sport.com/lufte-per-nje-pike-partizani-barazon-ne-lac-trajneri-duro-racic-bast-im-i-fituar/|title="Luftë" për një pikë, Partizani barazon në Laç. Trajneri Duro: Raçiç, "bast" im i fituar|publisher=Panorama Sport|language=Albanian|author=Vladimir Prenga|date=25 August 2014|accessdate=20 September 2014}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ n'ọnwa Septemba, n'egwuregwu nke ise megide Tirana, James nyere aka nke abụọ ya n'oge ahụ n'ụlọ n'elu isi obodo ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.panorama-sport.com/zhgenjen-tirana-laci-i-cungut-i-jep-leksion-acarohet-magani-sdua-gjenerale-ne-fushe/|title=Zhgënjen Tirana, Laçi i Cungut i jep leksion. Acarohet Magani: S’dua gjeneralë në fushë|publisher=Panorama Sport|language=Albanian|author=Vladimir Prenga|date=20 September 2014|accessdate=21 September 2014}}</ref> Ọ gbara goolu mbụ ya n'oge ahụ n'ụbọchị iri abụọ na asaa n'ọnwa Septemba n'egwuregwu ya na Flamurtari Vlorë, na-agba goolu ahụ na nkeji iri atọ na otu site na nnukwu chip si n'èzí mpaghara ahụ.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.panorama-sport.com/laci-ndal-flamurtarin-incidente-ne-tunel-gjoka-na-mungon-qetesia-para-portes/|title=Laçi ndal Flamurtarin, incidente në tunel. Gjoka: Na mungon qetësia para portës|publisher=Panorama Sport|language=Albanian|author=Ermal Sika|date=28 September 2014|accessdate=1 October 2014}}</ref> N'egwuregwu nke mbụ nke agba nke mbụ nke 2014 na Naftëtari Kuçovë, ọ gbara bọọlụ na nkeji nke isii, na-enyere ndị otu ahụ aka inweta mmeri dị mma nke 2 - 0.<ref name="Laçi shënon që në tunel, Naftëtari është i dorëzuar">{{Cite news|url=http://www.panorama-sport.com/laci-shenon-qe-ne-tunel-naftetari-eshte-i-dorezuar/|title=Laçi shënon që në tunel, Naftëtari është i dorëzuar|publisher=Panorama Sport|language=Albanian|date=3 October 2014|accessdate=3 October 2014}}</ref> ==== Oge 2015-16 ==== N'abalị iri na abụọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2015, n'egwuregwu Supercup nke Albania nke afọ 2015 nke e mere na Qemal Stafa Stadium, James gbara bọọlụ ugboro abụọ maka ndị otu ahụ n'egwú 2-2 draw; ọ gbakwara bọọlụ penaty ya na-anwa inyere Laçi aka imeri egwuregwu 8-7 site na oso penaty Nke ahụ bụ Supercup Albania mbụ nke klọb ahụ n'akụkọ ihe mere eme.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.panorama-sport.com/laci-fiton-superkupen-e-shqiperise-mundin-skenderbeun-me-penallti/|title=Laçi fiton Superkupën e Shqipërisë, kurbinasit mundin Skënderbeun me penallti|publisher=Panorama Sport|language=Albanian|date=12 August 2015|accessdate=15 August 2015}}</ref> === Skënderbeu Korçë === N'ụbọchị mbụ n'ọnwa Febụwarị n'afọ 2016, n'ụbọchị ikpeazụ nke oge oyi, James hapụrụ Laçi iji sonye na Skënderbeu Korçë, ebe ọ bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta afọ atọ.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.kfskenderbeu.al/?p=1943|title=Zyrtare, James Adeniyi vishet bardhekuq|publisher=Skënderbeu Korçë|language=Albanian|date=1 February 2016|accessdate=1 February 2016|archive-date=22 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160422105208/http://www.kfskenderbeu.al/?p=1943|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ọ malitere na klọb ahụ ụbọchị isii ka e mesịrị na egwuregwu megide Kukësi, ebe James nyere aka na goolu mbụ nke Salihi ma mesịa gbaa onwe ya na mmeri n'ụlọ nke 3 - 1, na-etinye Skënderbeu akara abụọ n'elu.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://telesport.al/salihi-dhe-xhejms-likujdojne-kukesin-kampionet-rikthehen-ne-krye/|title=Salihi dhe Xhejms likujdojnë Kukësin, kampionët rikthehen në krye|publisher=Telesport.al|language=Albanian|author=Alfred Lleshi|date=7 February 2016|accessdate=7 February 2016}}</ref> N'ụbọchị nke anọ n'ọnwa Mee, n'ụbọchị egwuregwu nke iri atọ na atọ nke league megide Laçi, James bụ onye isi na-eme ihe nkiri site n'inye aka atọ ma nye onwe ya ugboro abụọ ka Skënderbeu Korçë gbara goolu isii na ọkara mbụ na 6-1.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.supersport.al/skenderbeu-luan-tenis-me-lacin/|title=Skënderbeu luan tenis me Laçin|publisher=SuperSport Albania|language=Albanian|author=Andi Deçka|date=4 May 2016|accessdate=4 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160506022706/http://www.supersport.al/skenderbeu-luan-tenis-me-lacin/|archive-date=6 May 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> N'egwuregwu ikpeazụ nke Superliga nke Albania megide Flamurtari Vlorë, James nyere aka nke goolu nke abụọ nke otu ahụ na ihe ịga nke ọma 2-0 na-aga n'ihu, na-enyere klọb ahụ aka imeri nke isii ya n'usoro na nke asaa n'ozuzu.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://top-channel.tv/2015/05/16/skenderbeu-shpallet-kampion-korcaret-mposhtin-2-0-flamurtarin/|title=Skënderbeu shpallet kampion; korçarët mposhtin 2-0 Flamurtarin|publisher=Top-Channel.tv|language=Albanian|date=16 May 2016|accessdate=16 May 2016}}</ref> Ọ gwụchara oge ahụ site n'ịgba goolu iri abụọ na atọ na asọmpi niile ya na Laçi na Skënderbeu, gụnyere iri na ise na league, na-etinye ihe kachasị mma. ==== Oge 2016-17 ==== James malitere oge ọhụrụ ahụ na 24 Ọgọstụ site n'ịgba nkeji iri ikpeazụ nke 2016 Albanian Supercup, ebe Kukësi meriri Skënderbeu 3-1 na Selman Stërmasi Stadium.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.supersport.al/kukesi-fiton-superkupen-e-shaqiperise/|title=Kukësi fiton Superkupën e Shqipërisë|publisher=SuperSport Albania|language=Albanian|author=Rinald Bregasi|date=24 August 2016|accessdate=25 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160826013058/http://www.supersport.al/kukesi-fiton-superkupen-e-shaqiperise/|archive-date=26 August 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ọ malitere oge league site n'ịpụta ọzọ dị ka onye na-anọchi anya ka otu ahụ meriri Flamurtari Vlorë n'ụlọ.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.shekulli.com.al/p.php?id=489772|title=Hamdi Salihi dhe Skënderbeu nisin mbrojtjen e titullit|publisher=Shekulli.com.al|language=Albanian|author=Olsi Avdiaj|date=8 September 2016|accessdate=8 September 2016|archive-date=21 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160921172557/http://www.shekulli.com.al/p.php?id=489772|url-status=dead}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na anọ n'ọnwa Septemba, n'ụbọchị egwuregwu nke anọ, n'egwuregwu mbụ ya dị ka onye mbido, James gbara naanị goolu megide Luftëtari Gjirokastër ka Skënderbeu meriri nke anọ n'usoro.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.supersport.al/skenderbeu-fiton-por-nuk-shkelqen/|title=Skënderbeu fiton por nuk shkëlqen|publisher=SuperSport Albania|language=Albanian|author=Erald Kodheli|date=24 September 2016|accessdate=24 September 2016}}</ref> O mere 100th Albanian Superliga pụtara na 25 Eprel 2016 na egwuregwu 31 megide Tirana.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.panorama.com.al/sport/skenderbeu-ia-del-ne-tirane-vendos-nje-autogol-video/|title=Skënderbeu ia del në Tiranë, vendos një autogol (VIDEO)|publisher=Panorama Sport|language=Albanian|date=25 April 2016|accessdate=25 April 2016}}</ref> N'afọ 2016 na afọ iri na asaa, James gbara bọọlụ iri atọ na abụọ ma gbaa goolu asatọ dịka Skënderbeu enwetaghị mmeri n'asọmpi ahụ na nke mbụ ya n'ime afọ isii.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.supersport.al/partizani-i-dyti-barazoi-me-skenderbeun/|title=Partizani i dyti, barazoi 2-2 me Skënderbeun|publisher=Super Sport Albania|language=Albanian|author=Andi Deçka|date=27 May 2017|accessdate=18 June 2017}}</ref> O nyekwara aka na egwuregwu 6 na goolu 3 na Iko Albania ka Skënderbeu meriri Tirana na ngwụcha.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.fshf.org/index.php/sq/lajme/5662-tirana-fiton-kupen-e-shqiperise-sezoni-2016-2017|title=Tirana fiton Kupën e Shqipërisë, sezoni 2016-2017|publisher=FSHF.org|language=Albanian|date=31 May 2017|accessdate=19 June 2017|archive-date=6 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170606024405/http://fshf.org/index.php/sq/lajme/5662-tirana-fiton-kupen-e-shqiperise-sezoni-2016-2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==== Afọ 2017-18 ==== N'abalị iri abụọ na atọ n'ọnwa Nọvemba n'afọ 2017-18 n'egwuregwu UEFA Europa League Group B nke 2017 megide Dynamo Kyiv, James gbara goolu nke abụọ nke otu ya na mmeri n'ụlọ, mmeri nke abụọ ha nwere n'otu.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://top-channel.tv/2017/11/23/skenderbeu-super-ndaj-dinamos-se-kievit-udheheq-3-1/|title=Skënderbeu fiton 3-2, por i lë jashtë fitorja e serbëve|publisher=Top-Channel.tv|language=Albanian|date=23 November 2017|accessdate=24 November 2017}}</ref> Ọ bụ ezie na e wepụrụ Skënderbeu na otu egwuregwu n'aka, UEFA kpọrọ ya Nwoke nke Egwuregwu.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/season=2018/matches/round=2000890/match=2022112/index.html#/|title=Skënderbeu 3-2 Dynamo Kyiv|publisher=UEFA.com|date=23 November 2017|accessdate=24 November 2017}}</ref> Na 27 Mee 2018, na asọmpi iko mba Albania nke afọ 2018, James meriri penalt nke Sabien Lilaj gbara maka naanị goolu nke egwuregwu ahụ megide Laçi, nke pụtara na Skënderbeu meriri iko mba Albania na nke mbụ ya.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://sportekspres.com/skenderbeu-triumfon-ne-kupe-vendos-nje-11-metersh-i-dyshimte/|title=Skënderbeu triumfon në Kupë, vendos një 11-metërsh i dyshimtë|publisher=Top-Channel.tv|language=Albanian|date=27 May 2018|accessdate=28 May 2018}}</ref> O nyekwara goolu iri na ugboro iri atọ na abụọ ọ pụtara na asọmpi nke mechara na mmeri, nke pụtara na klọb ahụ emechaala okpukpu abụọ nke ụlọ maka oge mbụ n'akụkọ ihe mere eme.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.panorama.com.al/sport/zyrtare-skenderbeu-shpallet-kampion-i-kategorise-superiore-per-sezonin-2017-2018/|title=ZYRTARE/ Skënderbeu shpallet kampion i Kategorisë Superiore për sezonin 2017-2018|publisher=Panorama Sport|language=Albanian|date=9 May 2018|accessdate=28 May 2018}}</ref> === Gabala === Na 26 June 2018, James kwagara na Gabala FK nke Azerbaijan Premier League site na ide nkwekọrịta afọ atọ, na-alọghachikwute onye otu ya Sabien Lilaj.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://gabalafc.az/eng/news/adeniyi-signs-for-gabala-3831|title=Adeniyi signs for Gabala|work=gabalafc.az|publisher=Gabala FK|date=26 June 2018|accessdate=26 June 2018}}</ref> Akụkọ na-ekwu na Skënderbeu nwetara € 200,000 site na nnyefe ahụ ma jikwa 25% nke òkè.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.panorama.com.al/sport/transferimi-i-xhejms-ne-azerbajxhan-ja-e-verteta-e-perfitimit-te-skenderbeut/|title=Transferimi i Xhejms në Azerbajxhan, ja e vërteta e përfitimit të Skënderbeut|publisher=Panorama Sport|language=Albanian|date=27 June 2018|accessdate=26 June 2018}}</ref> E gosipụtara ya n'otu ụbọchị ahụ, na-ekwu, sị: Ọ dị obi ụtọ isonyere Gabala. Ọ bụ onye na-agba bọọlụ nwere nnukwu ebumnuche ma chọọ ịkụ ha na klọb a. Abịara m na Gabala iji nweta ihe ịga nke ọma ọhụrụ. Amaara m na Gabala nwere ọganihu ụfọdụ na UEFA Europa League n'oge gara aga. Mana n'oge a, achọrọ m ịbụ akụkụ nke ihe ịga nke ọma ndị ọzọ ma gaa n'ihu na asọmpi kọntinent.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://gabalafc.az/eng/news/i-ll-play-in-my-best-to-make-our-fans-happy-adeniyi-says-3832|title=I’ll play in my best to make our fans happy, Adeniyi says|work=gabalafc.az|publisher=Gabala FK|date=26 June 2018|accessdate=26 June 2018}}</ref> === Ironi Kiryat Shmona === Na 9 Julaị 2019 ọ bịanyere aka na Ironi Kiryat Shmona.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.one.co.il/Article/18-19/1,1,3112,60409/339348.html?ref=hp|title=החלוץ הניגרי ג'יימס אדני סיכם בק"ש ויחתום|work=One.co.il|first=Shalom|author=Elbaz|language=Hebrew|date=9 July 2019|accessdate=9 July 2019}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == James bụ onye Alakụba na-eme ihe.<ref name="Laçi shënon që në tunel, Naftëtari është i dorëzuar" />O ruru eru igwu egwu maka [[Nigeria national football team|Naijiria]], Togo na Albania, ma gosipụta ọchịchọ ya igwu egwu na Albania ma ọ bụrụ na ohere ahụ apụta.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220902141652/https://www.brila.net/isreali-based-striker-adeniyi-ready-to-dump-nigeria-for-albania/]{{sic|Isre|ali-based|nolink=y}}<span> striker Adeniyi ready to dump Nigeria for Albania</span></ref> == Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ == === Klọb === {{updated|match played 19 May 2021}}<ref name="Soccerway">{{cite news|url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/adeniyi-segun-james/268606/|title=Nigeria - J. Adeniyi - Profile with news, career statistics and history|publisher=Soccerway|access-date=7 February 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.footballdatabase.eu/football.joueurs.segun-james.adeniyi.191135.en.html|title=Football : Segun James Adeniyi|publisher=Football Database|access-date=7 February 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.scoresway.com/?sport=soccer&page=person&id=268606|title=Profile of James Adeniyi|publisher=Scoresway|access-date=7 February 2016}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ klọb ! rowspan="2" |Klọb ! rowspan="2" |Oge ! colspan="3" |Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Iko ! colspan="2" |Iko Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Kọntinent ! colspan="2" |Ndị ọzọ ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta |- !Nkewa !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwa !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ |- | rowspan="1" |Bylis Ballsh |201213 | rowspan="1" |Superliga nke Albania |6 |0 |2 |1 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |8 |1 |- | rowspan="1" |Tomori Berat (onye e gbazitere) |201213 | rowspan="1" |Superliga nke Albania |12 |2 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |12 |2 |- | rowspan="1" |Bylis Ballsh |201314 | rowspan="1" |Superliga nke Albania |16 |1 |1 |1 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |17 |2 |- | rowspan="4" |Laçi |201314 | rowspan="3" |Superliga nke Albania |11 |4 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |12 |4 |- |2014-15 |27 |11 |6 |5 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |4<ref group="lower-alpha" name="UEL">All appearance(s) in [[UEFA Europa League]]</ref> |2 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |37 |18 |- |201516 |17 |9 |3 |5 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |2<ref group="lower-alpha" name="UEL" /> |0 |1<ref group="lower-alpha" name="ALB">Appearance in [[Albanian Supercup]]</ref> |2 |23 |16 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !55 !24 !10 !10 !- !- !6 !2 !1 !2 !71 !38 |- | rowspan="4" |Skënderbeu Korçë |201516 | rowspan="3" |Superliga nke Albania |17 |6 |2 |1 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |19 |7 |- |201617 |32 |8 |6 |3 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |1<ref group="lower-alpha" name="ALB">Appearance in [[Albanian Supercup]]</ref> |0 |39 |11 |- |2017 18 |32 |10 |5 |3 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |12<ref group="lower-alpha" name="UEL" /> |2 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |49 |15 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !81 !24 !13 !7 !- !- !12 !2 !1 !0 !107 !33 |- | rowspan="4" valign="center" |Gabala |201819 | rowspan="3" |Azerbaijan Premier League |25 |10 |4 |2 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |2 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |31 |12 |- |201920 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |0 |0 |- |2020 21 |23 |4 |3 |2 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |26 |6 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !48 !14 !7 !4 !- !- !2 !0 !- !- !57 !18 |- | rowspan="1" |Ironi Kiryat Shmona (onye e goro ego) |201920 | rowspan="2" |Njikọ Premier nke Israel |19 |3 |1 |1 |5 |2 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |25 |6 |- | rowspan="1" |Maccabi Petah Tikva |2021 22 |32 |3 |4 |4 |5 |2 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |41 |9 |- | rowspan="1" |Tuzlaspor |202223 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị | colspan="2" |Ọdịdị |0 |0 |- ! colspan="3" |Ọrụ zuru ezu !269 !74 !38 !28 !10 !4 !20 !4 !2 !2 !339 !109 |} {{Reflist}} == Nsọpụrụ == ; Laçi * Iko mba Albania: 2014 * Super Cup nke Albania: 2015 ; Skënderbeu Korçë * Superliga nke Albania: 2015 na 16, 2017 na 18 * Iko mba Albania: 2017 ; Gabala * Iko mba Azerbaijan: 2018-19 == Ndemsibia == ==Ihe ndetu== {{Notelist}} == Njikọ mpụga == [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] b2ytv763qmgrjegfh4b2umt16ew2v5o Jemma Nunu Kumba 0 22801 742094 721837 2026-10-30T19:50:29Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 742094 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   '''Jemma Nunu Kumba''' (amụrụ n'afọ 1966) bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị South Sudan. SPLM họpụtara ya dị ka ọkà okwu nke Revitalised Transitional National Legislative Assembly (R-TNLA).<ref>{{Cite web|title=South Sudan appoints female as speaker of parliament|url=https://english.alarabiya.net/News/middle-east/2021/07/24/South-Sudan-appoints-female-as-speaker-of-parliament|work=Al Arabiya English|language=en|date=24 July 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-07-23|title=Nunu Kumba selected TNLA Speaker|url=https://www.eyeradio.org/nunu-kumba-selected-tnla-speaker/|accessdate=2022-10-11|work=Eye Radio|language=en-US}}</ref> Ọ ghọrọ nwanyị mbụ na-achịkwa ndị omeiwu nke South Sudan.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-07-24|title=Jemma Nunu Kumba: S.Sudan’s first female parliament speaker|url=https://jordantimes.com/news/region/jemma-nunu-kumba-ssudans-first-female-parliament-speaker|accessdate=2022-10-10|work=Jordan Times|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221010151310/https://jordantimes.com/news/region/jemma-nunu-kumba-ssudans-first-female-parliament-speaker|archive-date=2022-10-10|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Oge ọ malitere == A mụrụ Jemma Nunu Kumba na Tombura County nke Western Equatoria . N'oge ọ bụ nwata, ọ si Tombura County kwaga n'ogige ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ na Central Africa. O mechara gaa ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị site na 1983 ruo 1986 na Juba.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=https://radiotamazuj.org/en/article/who%E2%80%99s-who-splm-juba-faction-jemma-nunu-kumba|title=Who's who of the SPLM-Juba faction: Jemma Nunu Kumba {{!}} Radio Tamazuj|accessdate=2016-10-22|archive-date=2016-10-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161023072016/https://radiotamazuj.org/en/article/who%E2%80%99s-who-splm-juba-faction-jemma-nunu-kumba|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ọrụ == N'afọ ndị 1990, Kumba rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nchịkwa nke ụlọ ọrụ nwere njikọ na Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA) wee bụrụ onye nhazi maka New Sudan Council of Churches.<ref name=":1"/> Mgbe a họpụtara di ya ka ọ bụrụ onye nnọchi anya Sudan People's Liberation Movement (SPLM) na [[Namibia]], Kumba sooro ya kwaga. Mgbe ọ nọ na Nambia, ọ debara aha ya na Mahadum nke Namibia, na-amụ ọrụ nchịkwa ọha na eze site na 1999 ruo 2002. N'afọ 2002, o sonyere na mkparịta ụka udo maka SPLM na Kenya. Mgbe nkwekọrịta udo zuru oke (CPA) gasịrị na 2005, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye otu ndị omeiwu na Khartoum.<ref name=":1" /> Kumba bụ onye otu SPLM.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sudantribune.com/spip.php?mot1218|title=Sudan Tribune: Plural news and views on Sudan|work=www.sudantribune.com|accessdate=2016-10-22|archivedate=2016-10-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161023133622/http://www.sudantribune.com/spip.php?mot1218}}</ref> Kumba bụ nwanyị mbụ jere ozi dị ka gọvanọ mgbe CPA gasịrị.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.gurtong.net/ECM/Editorial/tabid/124/ctl/ArticleView/mid/519/articleId/3637/Jemma-Nunu-Kumbas-Final-Lap-in-Office.aspx|title=Jemma Nunu Kumba's Final Lap in Office|author=Gbatanawo|first=Clement|date=25 May 2010|work=www.gurtong.net|publisher=|accessdate=2016-10-22}}</ref> A họpụtara ya dịka Gọvanọ nke Western Equatoria State n'afọ 2008.<ref name=":1"/><ref name=":0" /> Ọ meriri na ntuli aka Eprel 2010 maka gọvanọ na Bangassi Joseph Mario Bakosoro.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.gurtong.net/ECM/Editorial/tabid/124/ctl/ArticleView/mid/519/articleId/3494/Western-Equatoria-State-Goes-Against-the-Wind.aspx|title=Western Equatoria State Goes Against the Wind|author=Gbatanawo|first=Clemente|date=27 April 2010|work=www.gurtong.net|publisher=|accessdate=2016-10-22}}</ref> N'abalị iri n'ọnwa Julaị n'afọ 2011, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ Minista na-ahụ maka ụlọ na atụmatụ ahụike na Cabinet nke South Sudan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://sosanews.com/2011/07/13/the-newly-appointed-ministers-or-caretakers|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111108235215/http://sosanews.com/2011/07/13/the-newly-appointed-ministers-or-caretakers/|archivedate=2011-11-08|title=S.Sudan:The Newly Appointed Ministers Or Caretakers {{!}} www.sosanews.com - Reporting without fear or favour.|date=2011-11-08|accessdate=2016-10-22}}</ref> N'abalị atọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2013, onye isi ala South Sudan Salva Kiir Mayardit wepụrụ ọtụtụ ndị minista na ndị nnọchi anya, na-ebugharị Kumba ka ọ bụrụ Minista na-ahụ maka ọkụ eletrik, mmiri, mmiri na mmiri.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.esi-africa.com/features/exclusive-interview-with-the-hon-jemma-nunu-kumba-minister-of-electricity-dams-irrigation-water-resources-for-south-sudan/|title=Exclusive interview with the Hon. Jemma Nunu Kumba, Minister of Electricity, Dams, Irrigation & Water Resources for South Sudan|work=ESI-Africa.com|accessdate=2016-10-22}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.gurtong.net/ECM/Editorial/tabid/124/ctl/ArticleView/mid/519/articleId/12377/President-Kiir-Reshuffles-New-Cabinet-Ministries-Increased.aspx|title=President Kiir Reshuffles New Cabinet, Ministries Increased|author=Simon Wudu|first=Waakhe|date=5 August 2013|work=www.gurtong.net|publisher=|accessdate=2016-10-22}}</ref> Ka ọ na-erule Julaị afọ 2016 ọ bụ Minista na-ahụ maka nchekwa anụ ọhịa na njem nleta.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.gurtong.net/Governance/Governments/Ministries/tabid/466/Default.aspx|title=Gurtong Trust: Government of South Sudan - Ministries|author=|first=|date=|work=www.gurtong.net|publisher=|accessdate=2016-10-22}}</ref> N'ọnwa Ọktoba 2015, Onye isi ala Kiir Mayardit, họpụtara Kumba ka ọ bụrụ osote odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke SPLM. N'otu oge ahụ, Salva Kiir gbasara ndị odeakwụkwọ mba ma nye Kumba ọrụ ịtụ aro ndị odeakwụkwọ ọhụrụ. Ọ nọchiri [[Ann Itto Leonardo|Anne Itto Leonardo]] n'ọkwa osote odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke SPLM.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sudantribune.com/spip.php?article56886|title=Kiir appoints new SPLM deputy secretary general - Sudan Tribune: Plural news and views on Sudan|work=www.sudantribune.com|accessdate=2016-10-22|archivedate=2016-10-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161023051104/http://www.sudantribune.com/spip.php?article56886}}</ref> A ṅụrụ Kumba iyi na 13 Nọvemba 2015.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.gurtong.net/ECM/Editorial/tabid/124/ctl/ArticleView/mid/519/articleId/17894/SPLMs-New-Deputy-Secretary-General-Sworn-In-Office.aspx|title=SPLM's New Deputy Secretary General Sworn In Office > Gurtong Trust > Editorial|author=Mayom|first=Jok P.|date=15 November 2015|work=www.gurtong.net|publisher=|accessdate=2016-10-22}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Ọ lụrụ Festo Kumba, onye bụbu minista na-ahụ maka akụ na ụba anụmanụ na azụ.<ref name=":1"/> Di na nwunye ahụ nwere ụmụ anọ.<ref name=":1" /> == Hụkwa == * SPLM * SPLA == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071217130656/http://goss.org/ Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ nke Gọọmentị nke South Sudan] [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 6ik95sz2gnuegld172t8nvgdj78ziun My Ady Gil 0 29583 742133 739894 2026-10-31T11:23:03Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 742133 wikitext text/x-wiki {|{{Infobox ship begin|display title=none}} {{Infobox ship image|Ship image=Earthrace-2.jpg|Ship caption=}} {{Infobox ship career|Ship name=*'''''Earthrace''''' (2006–2009) *'''''Ady Gil''''' (2009–2010)|Ship owner=|Ship registry=[[Auckland]], {{flag|New Zealand|civil}}|Ship builder=Calibre Boats|Ship laid down=January 2005|Ship launched=22 February 2006|Ship fate=Sank on 7 January 2010 at 17:20 UTC after collision with {{MV|Shōnan Maru 2}} at {{coord|64|01|50|S|143|05|23|E|region:AQ_type:waterbody_source:kolossus-dewiki|display=inline,title}}}} {{Infobox ship characteristics|Ship type=[[Trimaran]]|Ship displacement=13 ton|Ship length={{convert|78|ft|m|abbr=on}}|Ship beam={{convert|23|ft|m|abbr=on}}|Ship draught={{convert|4|ft|m|abbr=on}}|Ship propulsion=*2 × 400&nbsp;kW (540&nbsp;hp) Cummins Mercruiser *Gearboxes: ZF 305A (single speed)|Ship speed=Claimed Top Speed: {{Convert|32|kn|km/h|1}}<ref name=MNZREPORT>{{cite web |url=http://www.maritimenz.govt.nz/AdyGil/Investigation-report-Ady-Gil-Shonan-Maru-Hi-rez.pdf |title=Investigation report Ady Gil and Shonan Maru No. 2 |publisher=MaritimeNZ.govt.nz |access-date=18 November 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101128093609/http://www.maritimenz.govt.nz/AdyGil/Investigation-report-Ady-Gil-Shonan-Maru-Hi-rez.pdf |archive-date=28 November 2010 |accessdate=19 August 2023 |archivedate=19 August 2015 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150819062954/http://www.maritimenz.govt.nz/AdyGil/Investigation-report-Ady-Gil-Shonan-Maru-Hi-rez.pdf }}</ref>|Ship range={{Convert|12,000|nmi|km|0}} from {{Convert|12000|l|impgal|0}} of fuel capacity|Ship complement=4–8}} |} {{Databox}} MY '''''Ady Gil''''' (nke bụbu Earthrace) bụ trimarans dị mita 24 nke naagbaji mmiri nke e mepụtara dị ka akụkụ nke ọrụ iji mebie ihe ndekọ ụwa maka ịgagharị gburugburu ụwa na ụgbọ mmiri. Nịbụ nke mmanụ biodiesel kwadoro, ụgbọ mmiri ahụ nwekwara ike ịgba ọsọ na mmanụ diesel.<ref name="Future_things">{{Cite web|url=http://thefutureofthings.com/pod/1258/earthrace-setting-a-new-world-record.html|title=Earthrace: Setting a new world record|author=Noa Rotkop|publisher=The Future of Things|date=10 September 2008|accessdate=11 January 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100205080020/http://thefutureofthings.com/pod/1258/earthrace-setting-a-new-world-record.html|archivedate=5 February 2010}}</ref><ref name="Popular Mechanics 2007-06">{{Cite journal|url=http://www.popularmechanics.co.za/content/outside/singlepage.asp?fid=871&pno=1|title=Earthrace!|date=June 2007|journal=[[Popular Mechanics]]|accessdate=6 January 2010}}</ref><ref name="pop-sci-dec-2006-pg18">{{Cite journal|author=Seiff|first=Abby|title=Fast Fueled|journal=[[Popular Science]]|volume=269|issue=6|year=2006}}</ref> Ọ naeji ihe ndị ọzọ naahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi dị ka mmanụ akwụkwọ nri, ihe ndị mejupụtara hemp, na ihe ndị naadịghị egbu egbu, ma nwee atụmatụ ndị dị ka nzacha mmiri.<ref name="Future_things" /> Mgbalị mbụ e mere na ndekọ njem gburugburu ụwa na 2007 enweghị isi. Ụgbọ mmiri ahụ zutere nsogbu igwe nọtụtụ oge wee kụọ ụgbọ mmiri ịkụ azụ nke Guatemala, gbuo otu nime ndị ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri nke ọzọ. Ọ bụ ezie na e mechara tọhapụ ndị ọrụ nke Earthrace nibu ọrụ ọ bụla, igbu oge ahụ mere ka a maliteghachi mgbalị ndekọ ahụ, ebe nsogbu ndị ọzọ mechara mebie ya. Nafọ 2008, njem nke abụọ gosipụtara ihe ịga nke ọma - ọ bụ ezie na ọzọ, a ghaghị imeri ọtụtụ nsogbu teknụzụ tupu e nweta ndekọ ahụ, na ụgbọ mmiri ahụ mechara laghachi Sagunto, Spain mgbe ụbọchị 61 gasịrị na 27 June 2008.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.uimpowerboating.com/Records1.aspx|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170814144327/https://www.uimpowerboating.com/Records1.aspx|archivedate=14 August 2017|title=Union internationale motonautique}}</ref> Na ngwụcha afọ 2009, a mara ọkwa na ụgbọ mmiri ahụ, nke a naetezi oji ma naakpọ ''Ady Gil'', gaekere òkè na ọrụ mgbochi igbu whale nokpuru nduzi nke [[Onye Ọzụzụ Atụrụ Oké Osimiri Òtù Nchekwa|Sea Shepherd Conservation Society]]. Noge ọrụ na Southern Ocean, ụgbọ mmiri ahụ na ụgbọ mmiri nkwado nke ndị Japan MV Shōnan Maru 2 zutere na 6 Jenụwarị 2010, naakpata mfu nke ụta ''Ady Gil'' ma merụọ otu onye ọrụ ahụ.<ref name="f1">{{Cite news|url=http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,582115,00.html|title=Whale Wars: Boat Sinking After Antarctic Clash|date=6 January 2010|work=[[Fox News]]|publisher=[[News Corporation (1980–2013)|News Corporation]]|accessdate=6 January 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121026043926/http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,582115,00.html|archive-date=26 October 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="f2">{{Cite news|first=Rohan|author=Sullivan|url=http://www.miamiherald.com/news/world/AP/story/1411346.html|title=Boat sinking after whaling clash in Antarctica|date=6 January 2010|work=[[Miami Herald]]|publisher=[[Miami Herald]]|accessdate=6 January 2010}}</ref><ref name="f3">{{Cite news|first=Kelly|author=Burgess|url=http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/outposts/2010/01/sea-shepherd-vessel-ady-gil-has-bow-sheared-off-after-being-struck-by-japanese-whaling-vessel.html|title=Sea Shepherd vessel Ady Gil has bow sheared off after being struck by Japanese whaling ship|date=6 January 2010|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|accessdate=6 January 2010}}</ref> Akụkụ nke ọ bụla boro ibe ya ụta maka ịkpata mgbagwoju anya ahụ, ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị malitekwara nyocha banyere ihe ahụ merenụ.<ref name="RESTRAINT">{{Cite news|url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/world/news/article.cfm?c_id=2&objectid=10618810|title=Govt calls for restraint after ocean clash|author=Fitzgerald, Julie|date=7 January 2010|work=[[The New Zealand Herald]]|accessdate=27 October 2011|archive-date=25 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180725003046/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/world/news/article.cfm?c_id=2&objectid=10618810|url-status=dead}}</ref> E wepụrụ ndị ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri ''Ady Gil'' nụgbọ mmiri ahụ mebiri emebi ma hapụ ọrụ nnapụta ahụ, ụgbọ mmiri ahụ wee mikpuo n'echi ya.<ref name="NOTSUNK">news.com.au, 8 January 2010, [https://web.archive.org/web/20160116021254/http://www.news.com.au/breaking-news/ady-gil-abandoned-and-leaking-oil-japan/story-e6frfku0-1225817467945 Ady Gil abandoned and leaking oil]</ref><ref name="STILLABANDONED">Herald Sun, 8 January 2010, [http://www.heraldsun.com.au/news/breaking-news/govt-cant-guarantee-legal-action-against-japanese-whaling/story-e6frf7jx-1225817484238 Govt can't guarantee legal action against Japanese whaling]</ref><ref name="SUNK">ABC News, 8 January 2010, [https://web.archive.org/web/20101129192402/http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2010/01/08/2787921.htm Ady Gil sinks after whaling skirmish]</ref> == Nhazi == Ọ bụ LOMOcean Design (nke bụbu Craig Loomes Design Group Ltd.) mepụtara [[Calibre Boats|ụgbọ mmiri]] ahụ ma bụrụ nke Calibre Boats wuru na Auckland, [[New Zealand]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.seabreeze.com.au/News/Power+Boats/Earthrace-around-the-world-in-60-days_2162526.aspx|title='Earthrace' - around the world in 60 days &#124; Seabreeze|work=seabreeze.com.au|accessdate=11 April 2023}}</ref> Nhazi trimaran naagbaji ebili mmiri nyere ohere maka ọsọ na nkwụsi ike ka mma. Ụgbọ mmiri ahụ nwere ike ịbanye nime mmiri, nwee ike ịkpụpụ ebili mmiri dị mita 15 (49 ft) ma gaa 7 m (23 ) nokpuru mmiri.<ref name="Future_things"/> Ihe mejupụtara mkpuchi ahụ bụ eriri carbon na kevlar na-enweghị nsị na-adịghị egbu egbu.<ref name="Popular Mechanics 2007-06"/> Ụgbọ mmiri ahụ nwere ike 540 horsepower Cummins Mercruiser engines nke naagba ọsọ na abụba anụmanụ na mmanụ akwụkwọ nri biodiesel.<ref name="pop-sci-dec-2006-pg18"/> Enwere ike ịgba ya na diesel, biodiesel ma ọ bụ ngwakọta.<ref>In general, diesel engines will run on a wide variety of oils—Otto Diesel demonstrated the first one running on peanut oil at a World's Fair—and typically any engine that will run on biodiesel will also run on petroleum-based diesel. </ref> Iji mee ka ọ jụọ oyi ma nye injin ahụ ikuku dị ọcha, a naetinye ihe naabanye nime ya na nku abụọ dị egwu.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.northernadvocate.co.nz/local/news/silver-butterfly-spreads-its-wings/3682101/|accessdate=6 January 2010|title=Silver butterfly spreads its wings|author=Powley|first=Kathryn|date=27 April 2006|work=[[The Northern Advocate]]|publisher=[[APN News & Media]]}}</ref> A naetinye propellers abụọ nke ''Ady Gil'' nokpuru isi ahụ, ebe a naetinye ndị naakwọ ụgbọ nime pontons. Nhazi a nyere ezigbo ntụgharị na ọsọ, mana enwere ike ịnyagharị na ọsọ dị nokpuru 12 knots. Nagbanyeghị imewe ya dị ka "ụgbọ mmiri gburugburu ebe obibi", Sir David MacKay gbakọrọ na ọ nwere ike dị ukwuu karịa onye njem ọ bụla karịa jet-ski ma ọ bụ <nowiki><i id="mwYQ">QE2</i></nowiki>.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Mackay|first=David|authorlink=David J. C. MacKay|title=Sustainable Energy – without the hot air|location=Cambridge|publisher=UIT|year=2009|isbn=978-0-9544529-3-3|pages=128, 130|url=http://www.inference.phy.cam.ac.uk/withouthotair/c20/page_128.shtml}}</ref> Ndị naakwado ego $ 2.5 nde naefu bụ ndị naakwado ya, naanị ihe okomoko dị n'ime ya bụ ụlọ mposi $ 10,000.<ref name="NZ Herald 2006-04-08">{{Cite news|url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/personalities/news/article.cfm?c_id=72&objectid=10376534&pnum=0|title=Mad sailor Peter Bethune not a nutcase|author=Hewitson|first=Michele|date=8 April 2006|work=The New Zealand Herald|accessdate=26 July 2010|archive-date=7 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180707115429/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/personalities/news/article.cfm?c_id=72&objectid=10376534&pnum=0|url-status=dead}}</ref> Mgbe a jụrụ ya, "Naenwe mwute maka ọnụ ahịa ya niile?" onye isi ụgbọ mmiri [[Pete Bethune]] zara, "Ee e ... Ị maara, enwere m ụgbọ mmiri kachasị mma n'ụwa.<ref>{{Cite news|first=Erik|author=Lacitis|url=http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2003176794_weirdboat05m.html|title=Strange watercraft visits Seattle|work=The Seattle Times|date=5 August 2006|accessdate=26 July 2010}}</ref> [[Usòrò:Earthrace_in_Hamburg.jpg|thumb|Dị ka Earthrace na Hamburg, Germany 2007.]] == Mgbalị ndị e mere ka ha dekọọ == Ebumnuche Earthrace bụ igosi teknụzụ na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi. Ọ mebiri ihe ndekọ ụwa maka ịgagharị gburugburu ụwa na ụgbọ mmiri nwere njin.<ref name="pop-sci-dec-2006-pg18"/> O setịpụrụ ihe ndekọ n'ime ụbọchị 60 awa 23 na nkeji 49. Nke a meriri ihe ndekọ nke ụbọchị 74, awa 20, nkeji 58 nke Cable na Wireless Adventurer (noge ahụ Ocean 7 Adventurer), na 1998, site na ụbọchị 13 awa 21 na nkeji 9.<ref name="Darby">{{Cite news|title=Avatar pilot turns sights in whalers|url=http://www.smh.com.au/environment/whale-watch/avatar-pilot-turns-sights-in-whalers-20101123-184xw.html|work=The Sydney Morning Herald|date=23 November 2010|first=Andrew|author=Darby}}</ref> Ọ bụghị ihe doro anya ma ọ bụrụ na njem ahụ gbara ya gburugburu dị ngwa karịa oge esemokwu nke ụgbọ mmiri US Navy USS <nowiki><i id="mwgA">Triton</i></nowiki> nke nwere ike nuklia setịpụrụ noge Operation Sandblast.<ref name="Posiedon15">{{Cite book|title=Confronting Poseidon: Around the World Against the Odds|author=Tully|first=Clive|year=2002|publisher=Offshore Publishing|location=Portsmouth, England|isbn=978-0-9544093-0-2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LP2pMgsEGd4C&q=Guinness+%22USS+Triton%22&pg=PA15|accessdate=2010-05-21}}</ref> Oge Earthrace guzobere emeghị ka ihe ndekọ zuru oke nke 103-ft sailing trimaran ''Groupama 3'' nke Franck Cammas ji 48d 7h 44' 52" ma ọ bụ ihe ndekọ ọhụrụ nke 2012 nke ''Banque Populaire V'' setịpụrụ, trimaran 131-ft nke Loïck Peyron ji 45d 13h 42' 53".<ref name="Popular Mechanics 2007-06"/> === 2007 === Mgbalị ahụ hapụrụ [[Barbados]] na 10 Machị 2007 mana ọ zutere nnukwu igbu oge gụnyere nsogbu na propellers na nsogbu ndị ọzọ.<ref name="NZ Herald 2007-06-03">{{Cite news|url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/environment/news/article.cfm?c_id=39&objectid=10443330|title=Earthrace highlights green cause|author=Griffin|first=Peter|date=3 June 2007|work=The New Zealand Herald|accessdate=28 March 2010|archive-date=9 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190409090123/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/environment/news/article.cfm?c_id=39&objectid=10443330|url-status=dead}}</ref> Nsogbu na injin na Palau kpatara igbu oge ụbọchị 8 nihi ịdị anya. Nabalị 19 Machị 2007, mgbe ọ dị ihe dị ka kilomita 22 (14 mi) nụsọ oké osimiri site na Guatemala, Earthrace zutere ụgbọ mmiri ịkụ azụ dị nógbè ahụ. Enweghị ndị ọrụ Earthrace merụrụ ahụ, mana a chọtabeghị otu nime ndị ọrụ atọ si nụgbọ mmiri ịkụ azụ.<ref name="Collision">{{Cite news|url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/section/1/story.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10429738|accessdate=6 January 2010|title=Earthrace chief in court over tragedy|work=[[New Zealand Herald]]|publisher=[[APN News & Media]]|date=20 March 2007|archive-date=29 September 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929092008/http://www.nzherald.co.nz/section/1/story.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10429738|url-status=dead}}</ref> A tọhapụrụ ndị ọrụ ahụ nibu ọrụ ọ bụla mgbe nyocha ụbọchị 10 nke e jidere ha. Ogologo oge ahụ gbochiri Earthrace imecha njem gburugburu noge ndekọ, mana nihi na Earthrace were oge mmalite mgbe ọ hapụrụ San Diego, ndị otu ahụ kpebiri "ịmaliteghachi" na akara mmalite / njedebe ọhụrụ a. Ha hapụrụ San Diego na 7 Eprel 2007 ma chọọ ịlaghachi na 21 June iji mebie ndekọ ahụ.<ref name="Earthrace 9 May press release">{{Cite press release|url=http://earthrace.net/index.php?action=view_article&id=34&module=articlemodule&src=%40random456b8bd73bbc2 |title=Earthrace press release |date=9 May 2007 |publisher=Earthrace |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110815095652/http://earthrace.net/index.php?action=view_article&id=34&module=articlemodule&src=%40random456b8bd73bbc2 |archive-date=15 August 2011 }}</ref> Otú ọ dị, a hapụrụ mgbalị ahụ na 31 Mee 2007 mgbe a chọpụtara oghere n'ime ụgbọ ahụ obere oge ka ọ hapụsịrị Málaga, [[Spain]]. Mmanụ ala sitere nọtụtụ ndị naeweta ihe ma sitere na ihe ọkụkụ ego dị iche iche. Bethune naachọghị ịlaghachi na diesel nkịtị otu ugboro nihi enweghị nnweta.<ref name="NZ Herald 2007-06-03"/> [[Usòrò:203SFEC_LONDON-20070917.JPG|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Earthrace na Osimiri Thames, London.]] [[Usòrò:EARTHRACE_Cockpit_wheel.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Cockpit nke Earthrace.]] [[Usòrò:EARTHRACE_Skipper's_seat.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Nlegharị anya nke oche ndị isi ụgbọ mmiri.]] [[Usòrò:EARTHRACE_bunkroom.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Ebe ezumike nke ndị ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri nwere [[Àkwà mkpuchi|àkwà]] asatọ.]] === 2008 === Mgbe a rụzigharịrị ya na Vulkan Shipyard na Port of Sagunto, mgbalị nke abụọ na ndekọ ahụ malitere na 14:35 (CET) na 27 Eprel 2008.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.stuff.co.nz/stuff/4497145a7693.html|accessdate=6 January 2010|title=Biofuelled boat ready to resume challenge|work=[[stuff.co.nz]]|publisher=[[Fairfax New Zealand]]|date=26 April 2008|archive-date=24 June 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080624030802/http://www.stuff.co.nz/stuff/4497145a7693.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.mby.com/auto/newsdesk/20080316104952mbynews.html|accessdate=6 January 2010|title=Earthrace will be at British Motor Show|work=Motor Boat & Yachting|publisher=[[IPC Media]]|date=16 April 2008|archive-date=21 May 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090521175236/http://www.mby.com/auto/newsdesk/20080316104952mbynews.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Nụgbọ ahụ bụ Rob Drewett (onye naese foto), Adam Carlson (onye na'ụgbọ mmiri), Mark Russel (onye injinia) na Bethune (onye isi ụgbọ mmiri / onye nwe ya). [ihe odide dị mkpa] Ụzọ maka mgbalị nke abụọ nke ụwa na oge a tụrụ anya maka ụkwụ ọ bụla dị ka ndị a:<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110723105233/http://www.earthrace.net/index.php?section=33 Boat Crew: Pete Bethune – Skipper] (from the 'Earthrace.net' website.</ref> * Sagunto (Spain) - Azores: ụbọchị 3 * Azores - Puerto Rico: ụbọchị 3 * Puerto Rico - Panama: ụbọchị 3 * Panama - Manzanillo (Mexico): ụbọchị 3 * Manzanillo - San Diego: ụbọchị 3. * San Diego - Hawaii: ụbọchị 5 * Hawaii - Majuro (Marshall Islands): ụbọchị 5 * Majuro - Koror (Palau): ụbọchị 5 * Koror - Singapore: ụbọchị 5 * Singapore - Kochi (India): ụbọchị 5 * Kochi - Salalah (Oman): ụbọchị 4 * Salalah - Suez Canal (Ijipt): ụbọchị 4 * Suez Canal - Sagunto: ụbọchị 4 Ụgbọ mmiri ahụ nwere nsogbu na onye naakwọ ụgbọ mmiri ụbọchị abụọ mgbe ọ hapụsịrị, mgbe ahụ na 30 Eprel, a kwụsịrị mgbapụta nke injin ụgbọ mmiri. Otú ọ dị, ọ bụ ezie na oge furu efu, ụgbọ mmiri ahụ rutere Azores obere oge tupu oge eruo maka mgbalị ndekọ ụwa na nsogbu teknụzụ niile doro anya na edozi. Ụzọ abụọ sochirinụ gara nenweghị nnukwu nsogbu ọ bụla na ndị ọrụ ahụ jisiri ike gafee nnukwu ụgbọ mmiri na Panama Canal. Nụbọchị nke 22 ihe dị ka ọkara ụzọ ha naaga Hawaii, nnukwu ịma jijiji mere ka ha kwụsị ma mgbe Bethune gara nokpuru ụgbọ mmiri nọchịchịrị na ọkụ iji nyochaa, ọ chọpụtara na ụfọdụ ụgbụ naịlọn ejikọrọ n'otu ihe nkwado ma wepụ ya. Noge naadịghị anya mgbe ọ hapụsịrị Palau nụbọchị nke 34, Earthrace kụrụ ihe mkpofu mmiri nke naakpụ akpụ abụọ site na propeller ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri wee gbanye oghere ụgbọala ahụ. Nke a mere ka a laghachi Palau iji nyochaa mmebi ahụ ma wepụ ihe nkwado ahụ. Ụgbọ mmiri ahụ gara nihu na Singapore n'otu injin, ebe a naeme atụmatụ iji mepụta oghere ọhụrụ ma nweta propeller ọzọ. Ozugbo ọ nọ na Singapore, e welitere Earthrace site na mmiri nime sling ma rụzie ya nakụkụ ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri n'oge ndekọ. Nụbọchị nke iri anọ na asatọ, ndị ọrụ ahụ naata ahụhụ site na okpomọkụ na oke iru mmiri ma ha niile nwere nsogbu site na okpo ọkụ. Noge a, ha zutere ihu igwe mmiri ozuzo na ọsọ ha belatara nke ukwuu nihi ebili mmiri ugwu. [[Red Sea|Oké osimiri]] ahụ gara nihu ruo Oman na karịa tupu ọ banye n'Oké Osimiri Uhie. Noge a, transponder ụgbọ mmiri ahụ mebiri emebi na onye naeso ụgbọ mmiri kwụsịrị ịrụ ọrụ. Nụbọchị nke 56, naaga Port Suez, mgbapụta elevator ahụ adịghị arụ ọrụ nke ọma, naegbochi ọsọ ha ruo 16 knots. Nke a chọrọ awa atọ nke mmezi iji gbanwee ya. Na Fraịde, 27 June 2008, Earthrace setịpụrụ ihe ndekọ ụwa ọhụrụ maka ''ịgba'' gburugburu ụwa, mgbe ọ gafere akara njedebe na 14:24 CET na Sagunto, Spain.<ref name="Popular Mechanics 2007-06"/> == Nkwado na Sea Shepherd Conservation Society == [[Usòrò:Ady_Gil_2.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Dị ka ''Ady Gil'', kwụsịrị maka nrụzi na Hobart, Tasmania na ngwụcha afọ 2009, na ọrụ ọhụrụ naacha oji naeme ka 'nhazi nzuzo', nke naakwado ihe naagbasa radar pụrụ iche.<ref name="Transformation"/>]] [[Usòrò:Ady_Gil_1.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|N'azụ ''Ady Gil''.]] === Ntinye aka na 'Waltzing Matilda' ===   A mara ọkwa na Earthrace ga-eso Sea Shepherd na ọrụ ya na 2009-10 (nke a na-akpọ 'Waltzing Matilda') megide igbu whale nke Japan na Southern Ocean Whale Sanctuary. Bethune kwuru na e mere nkwekọrịta na Sea Shepherd maka ụgbọ mmiri ahụ iji nweta ọrụ nkwado.<ref name="The Age 2009-06-29">{{Cite news|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2009/06/29/2611001.htm|title=Futuristic boat to join whale protest|date=29 June 2009|work=The Age|accessdate=30 September 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090904071429/http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2009/06/29/2611001.htm|archive-date=4 September 2009|url-status=dead}}</ref> Sea Shepherd kwuru na ụgbọ mmiri ahụ bụ naanị otu nime ụgbọ mmiri ahụ ngwa ngwa iji soro ụgbọ mmiri niile nke ụgbọ mmiri ndị Japan naegbu whale.<ref name="FUNDRAISER">{{Cite news|url=http://articles.latimes.com/2010/jan/10/local/la-me-whale-boat10-2010jan10|title=Fundraiser aims to replace Ady Gil anti-whaling trimaran|author=Sahagun|first=Louis|work=Los Angeles Times|date=10 January 2010|accessdate=15 January 2010}}</ref> Nabalị iri na asaa nọnwa Ọktoba nafọ 2009, e nyere ndị mgbasa ozi Earthrace ọrụ ọhụrụ naacha oji, a gụgharịrị ya ''Ady Gil'', site na aha onye isi na-akwado ya (onye na-ahụ maka ọkụ na Hollywood nke nyere $ 1 nde na otu ahụ).<ref name="DOWNED">{{Cite news|url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/article6982236.ece|title=Ady Gil downed by Japanese whalers|date=10 January 2010|work=[[The Sunday Times]]|accessdate=2010-01-10|first=Peter|author=Millar|archive-date=2011-06-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629141039/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/article6982236.ece|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ọrụ ọhụrụ na ọdịdị ọdịnihu nke ụgbọ mmiri ahụ nonwe ya naemekarị ka e jiri ya tụnyere ụgbọ ala Batman na ọrụ nzuzo na mgbasa ozi.<ref name="PIONEER">{{Cite news|title=Whaling Protesters Pioneer Non-lethal Warfare|work=Wired|date=2010-01-15|url=https://www.wired.com/dangerroom/2010/01/whaling-protesters-pioneer-non-lethal-warfare/|accessdate=2010-01-16|first=David|author=Hambling}}</ref><ref name="STREET FIGHT">{{Cite news|title=Street Fight on the High Seas|work=[[The New Yorker]]|date=2010-01-12|url=http://www.newyorker.com/online/blogs/newsdesk/2010/01/sea-shepherd.html|accessdate=2010-01-16}}</ref> A gbakwunyere 4-8 layers nke Kevlar iji chebe hull megide ice na ọkpụrụkpụ dabere na ọnọdụ, na mpaghara niile dị nokpuru mmiri naenweta ihe ndị ọzọ laminations nke kevlar yana mpaghara ụfọdụ nelu mmiri.<ref name="Transformation">{{Cite news|url=http://www.ecorazzi.com/2009/08/28/exclusive-the-earthrace-begins-a-sea-shepherd-transformation/|title=Exclusive: The Earthrace Begins A Sea Shepherd Transformation|author=d'Estries|first=Michael|date=28 August 2009|accessdate=15 January 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100111074015/http://www.ecorazzi.com/2009/08/28/exclusive-the-earthrace-begins-a-sea-shepherd-transformation/|archive-date=11 January 2010|url-status=dead}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFd'Estries2009">d'Estries, Michael (28 August 2009). </cite></ref> Iji belata profaịlụ radar ya maka ụgbọ mmiri ndị Japan, e ji ágbá mee ka ụgbọ mmiri ahụ gbasaa akara radar na radar sara mbara nke nwere ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ikuku radar efu.<ref name="Transformation" /> Nagbanyeghị na a naakpọ ya ụgbọ mmiri zoro ezo, ''Ady Gil'' enweghị akụkụ na curvature nke ọdịdị e mere iji mee ka radar pụọ na onye nazipụ ya kama ịlaghachi na ha.<ref name="How stealth works">{{Cite web|url=http://www.howstuffworks.com/question69.htm|title=How does stealth technology work?|accessdate=16 January 2010|date=April 2000}}</ref> Mmelite eletrọniki ndị ọzọ gụnyere kamera FLIR, nkwukọrịta Satellite Iridium yana ọtụtụ ọkà okwu nke e bu nuche maka ebumnuche nkwukọrịta. Bethune kwuru na o bu nobi ịkpọ egwu dịka ''Tangaroa'' site naka onye egwu New Zealand bụ Tiki Taane nye ndị naegbu whale, "ụdị egwu naeto eto banyere Chi nke Oké Osimiri nke naelekọta anyị".<ref name="Transformation" /><ref name="wail for whales">{{Cite news|url=http://www.theage.com.au/national/wail-for-whales-stealth-boat-to-blast-japanese-20091130-k18l.html|title=Wail for whales: stealth boat to blast Japanese|date=29 June 2009|work=The Age|accessdate=30 November 2009|first=Andrew|author=Darby}}</ref> Ndị ọrụ Sea Shepherd kwuru tupu njem ahụ na ''Ady Gil'' agaghị eji ya dị ka ụgbọ agha dịka ''Steve Irwin''.<ref name="SECRET">{{Cite web|url=http://www.3news.co.nz/Earthrace-the-new-weapon-against-whaling/tabid/423/articleID/125767/cat/64/Default.aspx|title=Earthrace: the new weapon against whaling|date=16 October 2009|work=New Zealand TV3|accessdate=21 October 2009}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, onye isi Sea Shepherd Paul Watson, Onye isi oche nke Sea Shepherd Conservation Society, mechara kwuo nọnwa Ọktoba afọ 2009 na na ọsọ kachasị elu nke 50 knots, a gaeji ụgbọ mmiri ahụ gbochie ụgbọ mmiri harpoon ma gbochie ha ịlụ ọgụ, naenye Sea Shepherd ohere "ịgbalị kachasị elu na nke ime ihe ike ruo ugbu a iji gbochie igbu anụ na Southern Ocean".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.seashepherd.org/news-and-media/news-091020-1.html|title=Sea Shepherd Unveils the Ady Gil|date=20 October 2009|accessdate=11 January 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091023033620/http://www.seashepherd.org/news-and-media/news-091020-1.html|archivedate=23 October 2009}}</ref> === Mkpakọrịta na ''Shōnan Maru 2'' na ịgbahapụ === Nime ụbọchị ole na ole tupu ihe mberede ahụ, ''Ady Gil'' naetinye aka na ụgbọ mmiri ndị Japan naegbu whale noge ha naachụ nta.<ref name="Perfect Storm">{{Cite news|url=http://www.theage.com.au/national/whale-war-whips-up-a-perfect-storm-20100108-lyyr.html|title=Whale war whips up a perfect storm|author=Darby|first=Andrew|date=9 January 2010|publisher=The Age|accessdate=15 January 2010}}</ref> Ndị ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri ahụ naadọkpụ ụdọ na mgbalị imebi propellers nke ụgbọ mmiri ndị Japan ma jiri egbe poteto gbaa capsules nke butyric acid naesi ísì ọjọọ nke naemetọ anụ whale ndị naegbu whale naenweta site na ịchụ nta ha.<ref name="PIONEER"/><ref name="Perfect Storm" /> N'abalị isii nọnwa Jenụwarị nafọ 2010, ụgbọ mmiri ahụ zutere ụgbọ mmiri ndị Japan bụ ''Shōnan Maru 2'', nke naarụ ọrụ na nchekwa na nkwado maka ndị naegbu whale.<ref name="f2"/> Otu onye ọrụ ''Ady Gil'', onye naese foto na New Zealand, nwere ọgịrịga isii gbajiri agbaji.<ref name="RESTRAINT"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theage.com.au/environment/conservation/japanese-ship-destroys-whale-protest-boat--ady-gil-20100106-ltp4.html|title=Japanese ship destroys whale protest boat Ady Gil|first=Andrew|author=Darby|date=6 January 2010|work=The Age|accessdate=11 April 2023}}</ref> Ndị ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri atọ, ''Shōnan Maru 2'', ''Ady Gil'', na MY Bob Barker, ụgbọ mmiri naakwado Sea Shepherd Conservation Society, weere ihe nkiri nke ihe ahụ merenụ, ma Institute of Cetacean Research na Sea Shepherd Conservation Society ewepụtala vidiyo nke ihe ahụ.<ref>[http://www.icrwhale.org/eng/100106SS2.wmv Ady Gil collides with the Shōnan Maru No. 2] (from the [[Institute of Cetacean Research]] website. 2010-01-06. </ref><ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rar9zxH1kts Ady Gil Being Rammed, View From Bob Barker] ([[YouTube]] video taken from the ''Bob Barker'' showing collision. </ref><ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GfGM-LzGKjc Footage from the Ady Gil, right before its ramming by the Shōnan Maru No. 2] ([[YouTube]] video taken from the ''Ady Gil'' showing collision. </ref> Akụkụ nke ọ bụla naata ibe ya ụta maka ihe ahụ merenụ, naekwu na onye isi ụgbọ mmiri nke ọzọ mehiere noge ihe dị ize ndụ.<ref name="RESTRAINT"/> Bethune ekwuola na ya kwenyere na onye isi ụgbọ mmiri ndị Japan mehiere mgbe ọ naanwa ịpị ụta nke ''Ady Gil''. Na nkwupụta nke Sea Shepherd Conservation Society wepụtara, Chuck Swift, onye hụrụ ihe ahụ merenụ site na ụgbọ mmiri ya, ''Bob Barker'', kwuru na ụgbọ mmiri abụọ ahụ kwụ otu ebe nime mmiri mgbe ''Shōnan Maru 2'' " malitere wee kpachara anya banye na ''Ady Gil''". Paul Watson kwuru na mbụ na ''Ady Gil'' fọrọ nke nta ka ọ kwụsie ike na mmiri mgbe ''Shōnan Maru 2'' gbanwere ụzọ na mberede wee kpachara anya banye na ya.<ref name="Perfect Storm"/><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2010/jan/10/paul-watson-sea-shepherd-whales|author=John Vidal|title=Paul Watson: Sea Shepherd's stern 'warrior' defies Japanese whalers|publisher=The Observer|date=10 January 2010}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, Watson mechara kwuo na "Ọ bụ naanị ihe dị mkpa ka mmadụ kirie vidiyo ahụ iji hụ na Bethune jiri nlezianya kwụsịrị ụgbọ mmiri ya n'ụzọ ụgbọ mmiri naegbu whale ma bepụ ya netiti".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tmz.com/2013/01/16/whale-wars-star-captain-paul-watson-ady-gil-lawsuit/|title='Whale Wars' Star -- I Didn't Sink That Boat}}</ref> Ụlọ ọrụ naahụ maka nyocha Cetacean na Japan naekwu na ọ bụ Sea Shepherd, bụ ndị ha naekwu ka ha naanwa ijikọta onye ndu ha na propeller ha site na iji ahịrị naagafe ụta ha ugboro ugboro.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.theage.com.au/environment/whale-watch/japanese-ship-destroys-whale-protest-boat--ady-gil-20100106-ltp4.html|title=Japanese ship destroys whale protest boat Ady Gil|author=Darby|first=Andrew|date=6 January 2010|work=The Age|accessdate=11 February 2010}}</ref> Ụlọ ọrụ ịkụ azụ nke Japan kwuru na ''Shōnan Maru 2'' ejirila egbe mmiri gbochie ''Ady Gil'', mana ụgbọ mmiri ahụ naegbochi igbu whale mere ihe dịka ibelata ọsọ na mberede, naakpata mgbagwoju anya.<ref name="Japan Times 2010-01-06">{{Cite news|url=http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nn20100106x2.html|title=Sea Shepherd boat crippled when struck by whaler|date=6 January 2010|work=The Japan Times|accessdate=18 January 2010}}</ref> Echiche dị na ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi dịgasị iche iche. Ụfọdụ naata ''Ady Gil'' ụta maka ịnye ike iji kpachara anya mee ka onwe ya banye nụzọ onye naegbu whale, ụfọdụ naebo ''Shōnan Maru 2'' ebubo na ọ kpachara ike ịpị ụgbọ mmiri kwụ otu ebe - ebe akụkụ abụọ ahụ dabere nechiche ha karịsịa na ihe nkiri vidio a tọhapụrụ.<ref name="APPEARS">{{Cite web|url=http://www.heraldsun.com.au/news/new-footage-from-ady-gil-before-high-seas-smash-appears-to-back-sea-shepherd-claims/story-e6frf7jo-1225818006595|title=New footage from Ady Gil before high-seas smash appears to back Sea Shepherd claims|publisher=HeraldSun|date=11 January 2010|accessdate=11 January 2010}}</ref> Ndị ọzọ naata ụta nụzọ ziri ezi.<ref name="Perfect Storm" /><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/environment/news/article.cfm?c_id=39&objectid=10619393|title=Hardline warrior in war to save the whale|publisher=The New Zealand Herald|date=11 January 2010}}</ref> Nnyocha nke Australian Maritime Safety Authority (AMSA) mere banyere mgbagwoju anya ahụ enweghị nkwubi okwu ma ghara ịta ụta maka mgbagwoju ahụ. AMSA enweghị ike ịchọpụta nkwupụta nke Sea Shepherd, ebe gọọmentị Japan jụrụ isonye na nyocha ahụ naekwu na ozi ọ bụla o nwere nwere nwere ike ịdị mkpa maka nyocha nke ndị isi ya.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.smh.com.au/breaking-news-national/inquiry-into-ady-gil-crash-inconclusive-20100508-ukx4.html|work=The Sydney Morning Herald|first=Michelle|author=Draper|title=Inquiry into Ady Gil crash inconclusive|date=8 May 2010}}</ref> Ndị ọchịchị New Zealand chọpụtara na ndị otu abụọ ahụ kpatara esemokwu ahụ. Nnyocha nke Maritime New Zealand chọpụtara na Shonan Maru No. 2 kwesịrị ịhapụ ''Ady Gil'' nokpuru iwu mba ụwa, ma nwee ohere zuru oke izere ịkụ ya. Ọ chọpụtakwara na ''Ady Gil'' emeghị ihe ọ bụla, onye naakwọ ụgbọ mmiri ahụ ahụghị ụgbọ mmiri ndị Japan ka ọ naagbadata ruo mgbe sekọnd ole na ole tupu ọ kụọ.<ref name="smh.com.au">{{Cite news|author=Darby|first=Andrew|title=Ady Gil and whalers both at fault for collision: inquiry|url=http://www.smh.com.au/environment/whale-watch/ady-gil--and-whalers-both-at-fault-for-collision-inquiry-20101118-17y8u.html|accessdate=18 November 2010|work=The Sydney Morning Herald|date=18 November 2010}}</ref> Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ chọpụtara mkpọmkpọ ebe nke Ady Gil ma wepụta ihe nkiri vidio nke a kọrọ na ọ naagbapụta mmanụ diesel nime Southern Ocean.<ref>[http://www.icrwhale.org/eng/100108SS.wmv Video footage] icrwhale.org</ref> Ọ nwetaghachiri ọtụtụ nnukwu akụ naese nelu mmiri nakụkụ ụgbọ mmiri ahụ, naarụ ụka na ndị a gosipụtara na Sea Shepherd dị njikere iji usoro ha tinye ndụ mmadụ nihe ize ndụ.<ref name="WILL">{{Cite news|title=Whaling Bombshell: Ady Gil Armed With Deadly Arrows; Sea Shepherd 'Willfully Polluting' Antarctic|url=http://www.underwatertimes.com/news.php?article_id=30846971521|work=Underwatertimes|date=8 January 2010|accessdate=24 July 2010}}</ref> Ndị ọrụ nke Ady Gil naekwu na a gaeji akụ ahụ gbaa whales nwụrụ anwụ, naegbu anụ ahụ ha ma naeme ka whale ghara ịba uru nye ndị naegbu whale na nkwupụta maka nke a ka e mere noge ihe nkiri maka otu ihe omume nke Whale Wars. Ihe nchoputa nke akụ ahụ mechara bụrụ nke Sea Shepherd iji kwado nchụpụ Bethune na nzukọ Sea Shepherd.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2010/jun/08/sea-shepherd-expels-peter-bethune|work=The Guardian|title=Sea Shepherd expels Peter Bethune over weapons|date=8 June 2010}}</ref> N'ịbụ onye nwere nnukwu mmebi, a dọbara ''Ady Gil'' gaa na French Dumont dUrville Station na Antarctica.<ref name="NOTSUNK"/><ref name="STILLABANDONED"/> Ọ bụ ezie na a kọrọ na ọnọdụ ihu igwe dị mma maka mgbalị nzọpụta ahụ, a kọrọ na usoro ịdọrọ ụgbọ mmiri ahụ mere ka ọ naenweta mmiri ọzọ. Sea Shepherd kwuru na e wepụrụ mmanụ na mmanụ niile nụgbọ mmiri ahụ naagagharị agagharị, naetinye ndị ọrụ ya nihe ize ndụ.<ref name="APPEARS"/><ref name="CLAIMS">{{Cite news|url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/nation/whalers-now-claim-ady-gil-was-armed/story-e6frg6nf-1225817485505|title=Whalers now claim Ady Gil was armed|work=The Australian|date=9 January 2010|accessdate=24 July 2010|first=Debbie|author=Guest|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140224024056/http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/nation/whalers-now-claim-ady-gil-was-armed/story-e6frg6nf-1225817485505|archive-date=24 February 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, isi mmalite ndị Japan mechara nye foto ndị a naekwu na ha naegosi na ihe ndị a gbahapụrụ agbahapụ naagbapụta mmanụ diesel nime Southern Ocean.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.smh.com.au/environment/ady-gil-wreckage-leaking-oil-in-antarctica-japan-complains-20100108-lyty.html|work=The Sydney Morning Herald|title=Ady Gil wreckage leaking oil in Antarctica: Japan complains|date=8 January 2010}}</ref> Bethune biputere akwụkwọ ozi na Facebook ya na 6 Ọktoba 2010, nke o kwuru na mgbe ya na ''Shōnan Maru 2'' kụrisịrị, Watson gwara ya ka ọ kpachara anya kpuo ''Ady Gil'' maka ebumnuche PR.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.3news.co.nz/Bethune-quits-Sea-Shepherd-over-lies/tabid/1160/articleID/180068/Default.aspx|author=Speedy|first=Juliet|title=Bethune quits Sea Shepherd over lies|publisher=[[3 News]]|date=6 October 2010}}</ref><ref name="Scotsman">{{Cite web|url=http://thescotsman.scotsman.com/news/Boss-of-Sea-Shepherd-39told.6571035.jp|title=Boss of Sea Shepherd 'told me to scuttle clash ship'|publisher=The Scotsman|first=Ray|author=Lilley|date=8 October 2010}}</ref> Na 7 Jenụwarị 2013, onye nwe ụgbọ mmiri ahụ gbara Watson akwụkwọ na Los Angeles County maka $ 5 nde. Gil naekwu na ụgbọ mmiri ndị Japan naegbu whale kụrụ ụgbọ mmiri ya nafọ 2010 ma mebie imi ya mana enwere ike idozi mmebi ahụ. Dị ka Gil si kwuo, Watson hụrụ ihe mberede ahụ dị ka ohere iji gbanwee ihe omume ahụ ka ọ bụrụ nnukwu mgbasa ozi na onye naeme ego maka nzukọ ya ya mere kama ịdọrọ ụgbọ mmiri gaa nọdụ ụgbọ mmiri maka nrụzi, o nyere iwu na nzuzo ka ụgbọ mmiri ahụ mikpuo "nokpuru mkpuchi nke ọchịchịrị" ma boo ndị Japan ụta. Gil naekwu na Watson maara na ịta ndị naegbu whale ụta maka mbibi nke ụgbọ mmiri ya gaeme ka ọ nwee ọmịiko maka ebumnuche ya ma kpata iwe megide ndị naachụ whale naakpali ndị ọzọ inye onyinye nye nzukọ ya naemegide igbu whale.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2013/01/08/whale-wars-star-sued-for-5-million-by-ady-gil-ship-owner-report-says/|work=Fox News|title='Whale Wars' star sued for $5 million by Ady Gil ship owner, report says|date=8 January 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160409170117/http://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2013/01/08/whale-wars-star-sued-for-5-million-by-ady-gil-ship-owner-report-says/|archive-date=9 April 2016|access-date=19 August 2023|url-status=dead}}</ref> Bethune kpọgakwara Sea Shepherd gaa nụlọ ikpe ikpe maka ego fọdụrụ ya na $ 500,000.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Destries|first=Michael|title=Pete Bethune: 'Sea Shepherd Treated Me Like a Used Condom'|url=http://www.ecorazzi.com/2012/07/30/pete-bethune-sea-shepherd-treated-me-like-a-used-condom/|work=Ecorazzi|accessdate=19 December 2015|archivedate=22 December 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222074158/http://www.ecorazzi.com/2012/07/30/pete-bethune-sea-shepherd-treated-me-like-a-used-condom/}}</ref> Ady Gil na Vince Dundee tinyere mkpesa dabere na Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act megide Sea Shepherd na Paul Watson na 6 August 2014 na Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke Los Angeles banyere ịrịọ maka onyinye maka dochie anya ụgbọ mmiri ahụ.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.courthousenews.com/2014/08/08/70217.htm|work=Courthouse News|title=More Trouble for Sea Shepherd Society|date=8 August 2014|accessdate=21 September 2014}}</ref> Nọnwa Septemba nafọ 2015, onye naeme mkpebi kpebiri na Sea Shepherd kpachaara anya na nụzọ naezighị ezi tụbara MV Ady Gil, naezube iji nweta uru na mgbasa ozi nke mmiri ahụ gaeweta.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ecorazzi.com/2015/09/25/judge-rules-sea-shepherd-wrongfully-sank-whale-wars-vessel/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150927120810/http://www.ecorazzi.com/2015/09/25/judge-rules-sea-shepherd-wrongfully-sank-whale-wars-vessel/|archivedate=27 September 2015|title=Judge Rules Sea Shepherd Wrongfully Sank Crippled 'Whale Wars' Vessel {{!}} Ecorazzi}}</ref> Sea Shepherd lụrụ ọgụ ka e gbochie ọha na eze ikpe na onyinye ahụ, mana o mechara ghara ịga nke ọma. Na Jenụwarị 2016, ọ nabatara mkpebi nke onye nnọchiteanya, nke ozugbo emechara gaahụ ka a gaeme ka ihe nrite nke nnọchiteanya pụta ìhè.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.law360.com/articles/744447/whale-wars-star-nonprofit-agree-to-end-ship-dispute|title='Whale Wars' Star, Nonprofit Agree to End Ship Dispute - Law360}}</ref> E nyere Maazị Gil na Earthrace Ltd US $ 500,000 na nkwụghachi ụgwọ tinyere ọmụrụ nwa 3.25% na ego ahụ site na 8 Jenụwarị 2010 ruo 15 Septemba 2015, ụbọchị nke iwu onye omebe iwu. === Mkpọrọ na njide Bethune === [[Pete Bethune|Bethune]] banyere na ''Shōnan Maru 2'' na 15 Febụwarị 2010, naazọrọ na ọ naeduzi njide nwa amaala nke onyeisi ụgbọ mmiri ya maka ihe o kwuru bụ ịnwa igbu ya na ndị ọrụ ya, yana iwepụta $ 3 nde maka ụgbọ mmiri ya furu efu.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.smh.com.au/environment/whale-watch/tokyos-angry-reception-for-antiwhaling-activist-20100312-q46s.html|author=john Powell|title=Tokyo's angry reception for anti-whaling activist|publisher=The Sydney Morning Herald|date=13 March 2010}}</ref> Ndị ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri ahụ jidere ya ma kpọga ya Japan, ebe ndị naeche nche nụsọ oké osimiri nke Japan jidere ya na 12 Machị maka ebubo nke ịbanye.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.watoday.com.au/environment/whale-watch/japan-arrests-sea-shepherd-captain-20100312-q2qw.html|author=Shino Yuasa|title=Japan arrests Sea Shepherd captain|publisher=[[WA Today]]|date=12 March 2010|accessdate=12 March 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5VpAXYNErHk|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200422143237/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5VpAXYNErHk&gl=US&hl=en|archivedate=2020-04-22|title=Sea Shepherd activist faces jail in Japan|publisher=Lateline|date=13 March 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/03/13/world/asia/13whale.html|author=Martin Fackler and Mark McDonald|title=Japanese Coast Guard Arrests Anti-Whaling Skipper|work=The New York Times|date=12 March 2010}}</ref> Nụbọchị nke abụọ nọnwa Eprel afọ 2010, e boro Bethune ebubo ise; ịbanye n'ime ụlọ, mwakpo, inwe mma nụzọ iwu naakwadoghị, mbibi nke ihe onwunwe na igbochi azụmahịa.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/04/03/world/asia/03japan.html|author=Mark McDonald|title=Japan Indicts Anti-Whaling Activist|work=The New York Times|date=2 April 2010}}</ref> E jidere ya nenweghị ụgwọ nụlọ mkpọrọ kachasị nchebe ruo ọnwa ise. Nọnwa Julaị afọ 2010, a mara Bethune ikpe ịga mkpọrọ afọ abụọ, mana a kwụsịtụrụ ya afọ ise ma chụghachi ya na New Zealand.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2010/07/10/2949999.htm |title=Deported whaling protester back in New Zealand |access-date=2023-08-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110214172104/http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2010/07/10/2949999.htm |archive-date=2011-02-14 |url-status=dead}}</ref> O yikwara ka a chụpụrụ Bethune na Sea Shepherd nihi na ọ naeweta ụta na ụta nụgbọ ahụ na ebumnuche nke imebi anụ whale maka iji ya eme ihe; Otú ọ dị, Watson mechara kwuo na nke a bụ usoro iwu kwadoro nakụkụ Sea Shepherd mgbe ikpe Bethune.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2010/jun/08/sea-shepherd-expels-peter-bethune|title=Sea Shepherd expels Peter Bethune over weapons|date=8 June 2010|accessdate=11 April 2023|work=The Guardian}}</ref><ref name="tools & tactics">{{Cite web|title=Tools and Tactics of Whale Wars|url=http://animal.discovery.com/videos/whale-wars-tools-tactics/|accessdate=2010-07-13|publisher=Animal Planet}}</ref><ref name="smh strategy">{{Cite news|title=Bethune welcome to rejoin Sea Shepherd: Watson|url=http://www.smh.com.au/environment/whale-watch/bethune-welcome-to-rejoin-sea-shepherd-watson-20100708-101m5.html|accessdate=2010-07-13|publisher=Sydney Morning Herald|date=2010-07-08}}</ref> === Ihe a ga-eji dochie ya === E mere atụmatụ na ego ''Ady Gil'' furu efu dị ihe dị ka $ 1.5 nde. A kọrọ na onye nyere onyinye nyere $ 1 nde maka iwu ''Ady Gil 2''.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.3news.co.nz/Sea-Shepherd-captain-devastated-by-sinking/tabid/423/articleID/136574/Default.aspx|title=Sea Shepherd captain 'devastated' by sinking|author=Joliff|first=Emma|publisher=3news|date=8 January 2010|accessdate=8 January 2010}}</ref> Sea Shepherd kama nwetara Ocean 7 Adventurer (nke bụ ụgbọ mmiri nke nwere ndekọ agbụrụ ruo mgbe Ady Gil meriri ya) iji dochie ''Ady Gil'' maka mkpọsa ya na 2011 megide igbu whale ndị Japan na Antarctic ma nye ya aha MV <nowiki><i id="mwAdw">Gojira</i></nowiki> (Godzilla), mgbe e mesịrị, MV Brigitte Bardot.<ref name="smh.com.au"/><ref name="Darby"/> == Hụkwa == * Ndepụta nke njem gburugburu == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] n8l7wo47j3bf0iu77f4yc314ya9rfji My Steve Irwin 0 29604 742134 728087 2026-10-31T11:23:30Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 742134 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:MY Steve Irwin-Sea Shepherd Conservation Society.jpg|thumb|]] '''MV''' '''''Steve Irwin''''' bụ ụgbọ mmiri dị mita 59 (194 ) nke [[Onye Ọzụzụ Atụrụ Oké Osimiri Òtù Nchekwa|Sea Shepherd Conservation Society]], a naejikwa ya mee ihe na mkpọsa ha megide igbu whale na ọrụ ịkụ azụ iwu naakwadoghị. E wuru ụgbọ mmiri ahụ na 1975 ma rụọ ọrụ dị ka ụgbọ mmiri nchebe nke Scottish Fisheries Protection Agency, FPV Westra, ruo afọ 28. Sea Shepherd kpọrọ ụgbọ mmiri ahụ '''MV''' Robert Hunter na mbụ naha onye Canada '''''Robert Hunter''''', onye guzobere [[Greenpeace]], mana a gbanwere aha ya iji sọpụrụ ''onye na-ahụ'' maka agụ iyi Steve Irwin, onye nwụrụ ihe karịrị otu afọ tupu mgbe ahụ, na Disemba 5, 2007.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.seashepherd.org/news/media_071205_1.html|title=Sea Shepherd Renames Its Whale Defending Ship the Steve Irwin|publisher=Sea Shepherd|date=December 5, 2007|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080105103720/http://www.seashepherd.org/news/media_071205_1.html|archivedate=January 5, 2008}}</ref> Irwin tụlere isonyere ụgbọ mmiri ahụ na njem gaa [[Antarctica]] obere oge tupu ọnwụ ya, nwunye ya di ya bụ Terri kwadoro mgbanwe aha ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.news.com.au/perthnow/story/0,21598,22874137-948,00.html |title=Sea Shepherd honours Steve Irwin Perth Now, December 5, 2007 |accessdate=August 19, 2023 |archivedate=May 25, 2012 |archiveurl=https://archive.ph/20120525132340/www.news.com.au/perthnow/story/0,21598,22874137-948,00.html }}</ref> Ụgbọ mmiri ahụ na ndị ọrụ ya, na mbọ ha naagba maka nchekwa, bụ isiokwu nke ihe ngosi Animal Planet Whale Wars. MV Steve Irwin nọ ugbu a na Thales Marine na City of Newcastle, New South Wales, [[Ostraliya|Australia]] ma ugbu a ọ bụ onye nwe Ship4Good naabụghị maka uru. == Ndebanye aha == Na Jenụwarị 2007, e wepụrụ ụgbọ mmiri ahụ na British Ship Register mgbe [[Japan|ndị Japan]] rịọrọ arịrịọ.<ref name="theage">[http://www.theage.com.au/news/national/britain-to-deregister-antiwhaler-after-japan-pipes-up/2007/01/29/1169919275322.html Britain to deregister anti-whaler after Japan pipes up], [[The Age]], January 30, 2007</ref> E debanyere aha ụgbọ mmiri ahụ na [[Netherlands]] site na Ọktoba 8, 2007.<ref name="newyorker">[http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2007/11/05/071105fa_fact_khatchadourian?currentPage=all Neptune’s Navy], [[The New Yorker]], November 5, 2007</ref> == Ọrụ == E debere FPV Westra dị njikere maka mkpofu na 2003 mgbe Sea Shepherd zụrụ ya na Nọvemba 2006 ma nye ya aha ''Robert Hunter''. === 2007 === Nọnwa Febụwarị afọ 2007, ''Robert Hunter'' sonyeere ''Farley Mowat'' iji gbochie ụgbọ mmiri naegbu whale nke Japan ''Nisshin Maru'' ịchụ nta nihe omume Sea Shepherd a naakpọ Operation Leviathan. Ndị Sea Shepherd tụbara karama butyric acid naesi ísì ọjọọ nelu ụlọ nke ''Nisshin Maru''. Ndị Japan naekwu na mmadụ atọ nime ndị naegbu whale merụrụ ahụ na mwakpo ahụ. Robert Hunter na ''Farley Mowat'' gbochiri ụzọ ụgbọ mmiri naegbu whale, ''Robert Hunter'' na ''Kaiko Maru'' zutere ibe ha. Otu onye ọrụ Japan boro nzukọ Sea Shepherd ebubo na ha naakpa àgwà "dị ka ndị ohi ụgbọ mmiri". ''Robert Hunter'' nwere oghere dị mita atọ nime ụgbọ ahụ n'elu mmiri nazụ ụgbọ mmiri ahụ.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120306015245/http://en.ce.cn/World/Asia-Pacific/200702/15/t20070215_10442215.shtml Japanese whaler, anti-whaling ship collide], China Economic Net, February 15, 2007</ref> ''Steve Irwin'' esonyewokwa na "Operation Migaloo" (nke akpọrọ aha Migaloo, albino humpback [[Megaptera novaeangliae|whale]]) nke malitere na Nọvemba 2007, mgbe arụchara ya na Launceston na nkwụsịtụ dị mkpirikpi na Melbourne, a haziri ya ka ọ gaa [[Southern Ocean|Antarctic]] na Disemba 1, 2007. === 2008 === Na Jenụwarị 15, 2008, mgbe ha tụbara ngwugwu butyric acid n'elu ụlọ ma gbalịa ijide propeller ụgbọ mmiri na-achụ nta, ndị otu Sea Shepherd abụọ banyere nụgbọ mmiri ndị Japan ''Yūshin Maru'' No. 2.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.asahi.com/english/Herald-asahi/TKY200801170099.html|title=Japan to release whaling activists|work=[[International Herald Tribune|IHT]]/[[TV Asahi|Asahi]]|date=January 17, 2008}}</ref> Paul Watson kwuru na ọ bụ ebumnuche ya ịmepụta ihe omume mba ụwa site na ịbanye na njide a tụrụ anya ya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.seashepherd.org/news-and-media/editorial-080221-1.html|title=Frequently Asked Questions|publisher=Sea Shepherd|date=February 21, 2008|accessdate=July 22, 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110525121018/http://www.seashepherd.org/news-and-media/editorial-080221-1.html|archivedate=May 25, 2011}}</ref> Ha mechara kwuo na ebumnuche ha bụ inye onye isi ụgbọ mmiri akwụkwọ mkpesa. Benjamin Potts, onye naesi nri dị afọ 28 si Sydney, Australia, na Giles Lane, onye injinia dị afọ 35 si Leeds, [[Obodoézè Nà Ofú|United Kingdom]], bụ ndị ọrụ ''Yūshin Maru'' No. 2 jidere. [[Usòrò:MY_Steve_Irwin-Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society-bow.JPG|áká_èkpè|thumb|''Steve Irwin'' na [[London]] Docklands, [[Obodoézè Nà Ofú|UK]] 2011]] Sea Shepherd kwuru na a tọọrọ ha abụọ ma kee ha nosisi radar ruo ọtụtụ awa na eriri na eriri zip. Otú ọ dị, Potts na Lane mechara kwuo na e kere ha naanị nkeji iri na ise nakụkụ ụgbọ mmiri ahụ na nkeji ole na ole na redio tupu e were ha nokpuru ụgbọ mmiri. Glenn Inwood, onye naekwuchitere ndị naegbu whale site na Institute of Cetacean Research (ICR), kwuru na a naejide ndị naeme ngagharị iwe nọfịs a naemeghe, mana a naeche ha nche.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100122032716/http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2008/01/16/2139273.htm Sea Shepherd demands activists' release] [[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]], January 16, 2008, accessed January 16, 2008</ref> Na nkwupụta ọzọ, ha kwuru na ihe omume nke ịbanye nụgbọala ha bụ iwu naakwadoghị nakwa na a naejide ndị ikom ahụ ka ha naechere mkpebi maka ọdịnihu ha.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/7189580.stm|work=BBC News|title=Japanese detain whaling activists|date=January 15, 2008|accessdate=May 19, 2010}}</ref> Na Jenụwarị 16, ICR wepụtara nkwupụta naazọrọ na ndị naeme ngagharị iwe tụbara ite acid nụgbọ mmiri ahụ ma gbalịa imebi ihe onwunwe. Ha gọnahụkwara nkwupụta na a wakporo ndị ikom ahụ ma kee ha nosisi ụgbọ mmiri ahụ. [[Hideki Moronuki]] gara nihu kwuo na "ICR (Institute of Cetacean Research) dị njikere ịtọhapụ ndị Conservationists abụọ ahụ ma ọ bụrụhaala na enwere ike ịchekwa nchebe zuru oke maka ụgbọ nyocha anyị. Sea Shepherd bụ òtù naeme ihe ike. " Nakwụkwọ ozi e zigara ''Steve Irwin'', ICR kwuru na akụkụ nke ọnọdụ nnyefe ahụ gụnyere na Sea Shepherd "ekwesịghị ime ihe ike ọ bụla ma ọ bụ ihe nkiri vidio / foto megide anyị".<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090226151449/http://www.news.com.au/dailytelegraph/story/0,22049,23063842-5001021,00.html Whalers won't release hostages] [[The Daily Telegraph (Sydney)|Daily Telegraph]], February 17, 2008, accessed January 17, 2008</ref> Acid a naekwu maka ya bụ, dị ka Sea Shepherd si kwuo, butyric acid, nke e ji mee ihe ọ bụghị imebi ụgbọ mmiri ahụ nonwe ya kama iji mee ka ebe ọrụ ahụ ghara ịrụ ọrụ n'ihi ihe ọjọọ na ísì naadịte aka. Na Jenụwarị 17, ụgbọ mmiri mbubata nke Australia MV Oceanic Viking malitere nkwadebe iji nyefee ndị ikom abụọ nọ nụgbọ mmiri naegbu whale.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090226161133/http://www.news.com.au/dailytelegraph/story/0,25197,23064648-601,00.html Australian ship Oceanic Viking may end Japanese whaling hostage drama] [[The Daily Telegraph (Sydney)|Daily Telegraph]], January 17, 2008, accessed January 17, 2008</ref> Nụtụtụ Jenụwarị 18, e zigara ndị ikom abụọ ahụ na MV Oceanic Viking.<ref>[https://archive.today/20120711085151/http://news.theage.com.au/antiwhaling-pair-return-to-sea-shepherd/20080118-1mnk.html Anti-Whaling pair return to Sea Shepherd]</ref> Mgbe ndị uwe ojii Australian Federal nyochara ya, ọ dịghị ihe ọ bụla e mere megide ndị naechekwa ihe. Akụkụ abụọ ahụ boro ibe ha ebubo iyi ọha egwu noge ihe ahụ mere. ICR kpọrọ mwakpo butyric acid na ''Yūshin Maru'' No. 2 " mwakpo obi ọjọọ nke ndị naeyi ọha egwu" ma kpọọ Gọọmentị Australia ka ha jide ''Steve Irwin''.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.smh.com.au/news/whale-watch/protesters-turn-on-each-other-in-sea-hunt-for-whalers/2008/01/19/1200620274594.html|work=The Sydney Morning Herald|title=Protesters turn on each other in sea hunt for whalers|date=January 20, 2008}}</ref> Naka nke ọzọ, ''Steve Irwin'' 1st Officer Peter Brown kwuru na "Institute of Cetacean Research na-eme ihe dị ka òtù ndị naeyi ọha egwu [.Nebe a, ha na-ejide ndị mmadụ ma naachọ ihe. Iwu anyị bụ na anyị anaghị emeghachi omume na arịrịọ ndị na-eyi ọha egwu. "<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.seashepherd.org/news/media_080116_2.html|title=Japanese Whalers Make Demands for Return of Hostages|publisher=Sea Shepherd News|date=January 16, 2008|accessdate=February 5, 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080218203215/http://seashepherd.org/news/media_080116_2.html|archivedate=February 18, 2008}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.capecodonline.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20080409/NEWS/804090347|title=Cape man fights whalers|publisher=CapeCodOnline.com|accessdate=July 22, 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708115351/http://www.capecodonline.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=%2F20080409%2FNEWS%2F804090347|archivedate=July 8, 2011}}</ref> Mgbe esemokwu nke March 3 netiti ndị Sea Shepherd nọ nụgbọ mmiri ''Steve Irwin'' na ndị naegbu whale na Japan, gọọmentị Dutch kwupụtara na ọ naenyocha ihe merenụ ka ụgbọ mmiri ahụ naaga nokpuru ọkọlọtọ Dutch.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.minbuza.nl/en/News/Newsflashes/2008/03/The_Netherlands_investigates_anti_whaling_campaign|title=The Netherlands investigates anti-whaling campaign|date=March 5, 2008|accessdate=December 9, 2009}}</ref> === 2009 === Na Febụwarị 6, ''Steve Irwin'' zutere ụgbọ mmiri Yūshin Maru No. 2 (Japanese: 第2勇新丸) ma mesịa soro ụgbọ mmiri ''Yúshin Maru'' No.1 3 (Japanese) mgbe ha naegbu whale na Southern Ocean.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.icrwhale.org/pdf/090206-3Release.pdf|title=MEDIA|accessdate=July 22, 2011}}</ref> Ụlọ ọrụ naahụ maka nyocha Cetacean na Japan kwuru na MY ''Steve Irwin'' kpachapụrụ anya tụgharịa nakụkụ azụ nke ụgbọ mmiri ''Yūshin Maru'' No. 3 iji merie ya. Ihe nkiri vidio nke ihe ahụ mere ka ụlọ ọrụ ahụ wepụta ya naegosi ihe ahụ merenụ. Onye naarụ ọrụ Steve Irwin bụ Paul Watson gọnahụrụ ihe ahụ, naekwu na "A kụrụ ha, ụgbọ mmiri abụọ kụrụ - ''Yushin Maru 3'' na ''Steve Irwin'' mgbe ha gbara egbe n'ihu anyị iji nyefee whale".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2009/02/07/2485138.htm|title=Garrett urges calm as whaling conflict escalates&nbsp;– ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)|work=Abc.net.au|date=February 7, 2009|accessdate=July 22, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100127065254/http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2009/02/07/2485138.htm|archive-date=January 27, 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref> Nafọ sochirinụ, a kwụsịrị ụgbọ mmiri ahụ na Brisbane ka a naarụzi ụgbọ mmiri ahụ ma nwee ike ime mgbanwe ndị ọzọ. Nime mmezigharị ndị a bụ ntinye nke egbe mmiri nke ''Steve Irwin'' maka iji mee ihe na mkpọsa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.brisbanetimes.com.au/world/spaceship-boosts-antiwhaling-force-against-japans-might-20090626-cyi4.html|title='Spaceship' boosts anti-whaling force against Japan's might|work=Brisbanetimes.com.au|date=June 26, 2009|accessdate=July 22, 2011}}</ref> Mgbe ụbọchị atọ gasịrị, otu ụgbọelu a naenyo enyo na ọ bụ ndị Japan chọtara ụgbọelu ''Steve Irwin'' naaga Southern Ocean ma nye iwu ka MV Shōnan Maru 2 nyochaa ngagharị nke ụgbọ mmiri ahụ. Oké ebili mmiri gbochiri Delta iru ụgbọ mmiri ahụ, na, mgbe ọ bịarutere, e ji LRAD nke Japan mee ihe megide helikọpta nke mere ka ọ kwụsị.<ref>Whale Wars, Season 3, Episode 1: "Surrounded by Spies"</ref> Nime izu abụọ sochirinụ, ''Shōnan Maru 2'' nọgidere naele ''Steve Irwin'' anya, nagbanyeghị mbọ ụgbọ mmiri ahụ naagba iji tụfuo ọdụ. Nikpeazụ, ''Steve Irwin'' laghachiri Australia, ebe ''Shōnan Maru'' enweghị ike ịchụ ya n'ihi oké ifufe, na mgbakwunye na nsogbu iwu. === 2010 === Na Jenụwarị 2010, ụgbọ mmiri ahụ gara nihu naachụ nta maka ụgbọ mmiri ndị Japan. Mgbe ọnwụ nke MY Ady Gil na mgbagwoju anya na Shonan Maru No.2, ''Steve Irwin'' zutere MY Bob Barker, nke ya na ya gbanwere mmanụ, ihe, na ndị ọrụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.seashepherd.org/news-and-media/editorial-100208-1.html|title=Countering Japan's Ministry of Truth|publisher=Sea Shepherd|date=February 8, 2010|accessdate=July 22, 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100414113932/http://www.seashepherd.org/news-and-media/editorial-100208-1.html|archivedate=April 14, 2010}}</ref> Ụgbọ mmiri ahụ laghachiri Fremantle iji weghachite ya, naapụ na Jenụwarị 30.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.seashepherd.org/news-and-media/news-100202-1.html|title=Steve Irwin Rejoins Pursuit of Illegal Whalers|publisher=Sea Shepherd|date=February 2, 2010|accessdate=July 22, 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101026212734/http://www.seashepherd.org/news-and-media/news-100202-1.html|archivedate=October 26, 2010}}</ref> Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ''Bob Barker'' achọtawo ụgbọ mmiri ụlọ ọrụ, ''Nisshin Maru'', ma naeso ụgbọ mmiri ahụ. Na Febụwarị 8, ''Steve Irwin'' sonyeere ''Bob Barker'' na ịchụso ''Nisshin Maru''. Ozugbo ụgbọ mmiri abụọ Sea Shepherd jikọtara, ''Steve Irwin'' guzoro nazụ ''Nisshin Maru'' iji gbochie ụgbọ mmiri ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe ma jiri egbe mmiri mee ihe. Na Febụwarị 15, [[Pete Bethune]] hapụrụ ''Steve Irwin'' na jet ski, naabanye na ''Shōnan Maru 2''. E mechara jide ya ma mesịa jide ya site naka ndị na-eche nche nụsọ oké osimiri nke Japan maka ịbanye nime obodo.<ref name="CNN">{{Cite news|title=Japan indicts anti-whaling activist|url=http://www.cnn.com/2010/WORLD/asiapcf/04/02/japan.activist.indicted/index.html|publisher=CNN|date=April 3, 2010|accessdate=April 3, 2010}}</ref><ref name="BBC">{{Cite news|title=Japan charges New Zealand whaling activist Pete Bethune|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8600458.stm|publisher=BBC|date=April 3, 2010|accessdate=April 3, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Japanese Coast Guard Arrests Anti-Whaling Skipper|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/03/13/world/asia/13whale.html|work=The New York Times|date=March 12, 2010|accessdate=March 12, 2010|first=Martin|author=Fackler}}</ref> Ụgbọ mmiri abụọ ahụ nọgidere nazụ onye naegbu whale ruo mgbe a manyere ''Steve Irwin'' ịlaghachi Australia na Febụwarị 18, wee rute Hobart na Machị 6. === 2011 === Na ngwụcha ọnwa Febụwarị nafọ 2011, noge Operation No Compromise, ndị Royal New Zealand Navy kpọtụrụ ''Steve Irwin'' ka ọ sonye na ọchụchọ ''Berserk'', ụgbọ mmiri nyocha polar nke onye nchọpụta a ma ama bụ Jarle Andhøy, nke kpaliri transponder mberede ya na nso McMurdo Sound noge oké ifufe. E mechara kwụsị ọchụchọ ahụ mgbe ''Steve Irwin'' chọtara ụgbọ mmiri ndụ efu, nke e mesịrị kwado na ọ sitere na ''Berserk''. A naeche na mmadụ atọ nọ n'ụgbọ ahụ anwụọla.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.stuff.co.nz/national/4709377/Three-die-in-Viking-yacht-off-Antarctica|title=Three die in 'Viking' yacht off Antarctica|date=February 26, 2011}}</ref> ''Steve Irwin'' malitere ịgagharị na mmiri nke [[Libya]] na June 2011 na mgbalị ịhụ ụgbọ mmiri naenweghị ikike naegbu azụ na bluefin tuna ma bepụ ụgbụ ha. Ụfọdụ ndị ọkụ azụ zutere ya iji mee ka ọ ghara ịrụ ọrụ, nke ọ zaghachiri site na mmiri na bọmbụ naesi ísì.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Melvin|first=Don|title=Eco-group's founder uses 'aggressive nonviolence'|url=http://www.boston.com/business/articles/2011/06/13/activists_search_for_tuna_boats_with_helicopter/|accessdate=July 6, 2011|work=[[Boston Globe]]|date=June 13, 2011|quote=He hoped to find boats whose names were not on the ICCAT list at all, making them clearly illegal. Those he would confront, sending in divers to cut the nets and free the tuna.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.seattlepi.com/news/article/Environmentalists-tuna-fishers-battle-at-sea-1418436.php|title=Environmentalists, tuna fishers battle at sea|author=Melvin|first=Don|date=June 11, 2011|work=[[Seattle Post-Intelligencer]]|accessdate=July 6, 2011|quote=The fishermen also attempted to lay a rope in front of the activists' boat, the Steve Irwin—owned by the U.S.-based Sea Shepherd Conservation Society—hoping to disable it. Environmentalists responded with fire hoses and stink bombs.}}</ref> Nabalị iri na ise nọnwa Julaị nafọ 2011, Gọọmentị Britain jidere ụgbọ mmiri ahụ nihi ikpe ụlọ ọrụ ịkụ azụ Malta naechere.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.seashepherd.org/news-and-media/2011/07/19/emergency-sos-from-captain-paul-watson-save-our-ship-1263|title=Emergency SOS from Captain Paul Watson: Save Our Ship!|publisher=[[Sea Shepherd Conservation Society]]|date=July 19, 2011|accessdate=July 22, 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120120013043/http://www.seashepherd.org/news-and-media/2011/07/19/emergency-sos-from-captain-paul-watson-save-our-ship-1263|archivedate=January 20, 2012}}</ref> A tọhapụrụ ụgbọ mmiri ahụ nụbọchị nke abụọ nọnwa Ọgọstụ nafọ 2011 mgbe edeputara ụgwọ £ 520,000.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20110821/local/would-sea-shepherd-reimburse-donations-if-they-lose-case-fish-fish-asks.381232|title=Would Sea Shepherd reimburse donations if they lose case, Fish & Fish asks|work=timesofmalta.com|date=August 21, 2011|accessdate=September 10, 2011}}</ref> {{As of|2011|9}} , ụgbọ mmiri ahụ kwụsịrị na South Quay nke West India Dock, London.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.yellowad.co.uk/news.cfm?id=32432&headline=Sea%20Shepherds%20cruise%20in%20to%20West%20India%20Quay|title=Sea Shepherds cruise in to West India Quay|work=yellowad.co.uk|date=September 1, 2011|accessdate=September 10, 2011|archivedate=March 19, 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120319192235/http://www.yellowad.co.uk/news.cfm?id=32432&headline=Sea%20Shepherds%20cruise%20in%20to%20West%20India%20Quay}}</ref> Nọnwa Disemba, ''Steve Irwin'' sonyeere ''Bob Barker'' na ''Brigitte Bardot'' nịchọta na ịchụso ụgbọ mmiri ndị Japan naegbu whale, nke gafere nụsọ oké osimiri ọdịda anyanwụ Australia, nụzọ naaga Southern Ocean maka ọrụ igbu whale. Otu ụgbọelu naenyocha ụgbọelu nke ''Steve Irwin'' wepụtara chọtara ụgbọ mmiri naegbu whale ihe dị ka kilomita 500 site nụsọ oké osimiri ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ nke Australia na Disemba 24. Mgbe ọ chụchara ụgbọ mmiri ahụ ruo ụbọchị anọ, ''Steve Irwin'' gaapụ ma duru Brigitte Bardot laghachi Fremantle, mgbe ebili mmiri mebiri ''Brigitte Bardut''.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120101081240/http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/nation/sea-shepherd-anti-whaling-ship-badly-damaged-by-rogue-wave-in-southern-ocean/story-e6frg6nf-1226232416751 TheAustralian.com ''Sea Shepherd anti-whaling ship damaged by rogue wave in Southern Ocean'']&nbsp;– Lanai Vasek from ''The Australian'', 30 December 2011 11:13AM</ref> === 2012 === [[Usòrò:Steve_Irwin_at_Williamstown_August_2016.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|''Steve Irwin'' nke Sea Shepherd na Williamstown, Australia, August 2016]] Na Jenụwarị 5, ''Steve Irwin'' rutere nọdụ ụgbọ mmiri Fremantle naeso ''Brigitte Bardot'' mebiri emebi site na Southern Ocean, nke ụgbọ mmiri Japan nahụ maka igbu whale ''Shōnan Maru 2'' naenyocha.<ref>[http://news.smh.com.au/breaking-news-national/steve-irwin-to-head-back-to-southern-ocean-20120106-1pnx4.html The Sydney Morning Herald&nbsp;– ''Steve Irwin to head back to Southern Ocean''] January 6, 2012&nbsp;– 7:34PM</ref> Mgbe ọ nọ nọdụ ụgbọ mmiri, ''Steve Irwin'' mebiri iwu nke onye isi ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri Fremantle ka ọ belata ọkọlọtọ Jolly Roger ya mgbe ọ kwụsịrị na Fremantle.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2012-01-06/sea-shepherd-refuses-to-take-down-flag/3761522?section=wa|title=Sea Shepherd refuses to take down pirate-like flag|work=[[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]]|date=January 6, 2012|accessdate=January 6, 2012}}</ref> Mgbe ha hapụsịrị ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri ahụ, otu ìgwè sitere nòtù naahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi "Forest Rescue Australia" bịarutere ma banye nụzọ iwu na-akwadoghị nụgbọ mmiri nchebe ''Shōnan Maru 2'', naarịgo nelu spikes na waya agụba na mmiri mba ụwa<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.smh.com.au/environment/whale-watch/japan-urged-to-hand-back-whaling-activists-20120109-1prbd.html|title=Japan urged to hand back whaling activists|date=January 9, 2012|work=[[Sydney Morning Herald]]|accessdate=February 5, 2012|publisher=Fairfax Media|quote=The three Australian men, who the Japanese whalers claim illegally boarded the whaling security vessel ''Shonan Maru 2'' in darkness off the coast of Western Australia state on Sunday, were subject to Japanese laws because they had been detained on the high seas; however, the men were never charged because while in violation of International maritime law, Australian conservation law protected the men. Australia's Attorney-General [[Nicola Roxon]] said on Monday.}}</ref> nụsọ oké osimiri nke Bunbury, Western Australia na enyemaka nke obere ndị ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri sitere na ''Steve Irwin''.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/australia-japan-whaling-idUSL3E8C90YH20120109|title=UPDATE 1-Australia urges release of whaling activists on Japan ship|first=Rob|author=Taylor|work=Reuters|date=January 8, 2012<!-- 10:23pm EST -->|accessdate=February 5, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/australia-japan-whaling-idUSB32896820120108|title=Activists board Japanese whaling vessel-Sea Shepherd|date=January 7, 2012<!-- 9:18pm EST -->|work=Reuters}}</ref> Ọ bụ ezie na Japan kwetara ịtọhapụ ndị naeme ngagharị iwe, Praịm Minista Australia Julia Gillard katọrọ omume ahụ dị ka "ihe a naanabataghị" ma dọọ aka ná ntị na ndị ọzọ naeme mkpesa yiri nke ahụ ga-abụ "a gaebo ebubo ma maa ha ikpe".<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.smh.com.au/environment/whale-watch/gillard-slams-whaling-activists-as-japanese-agree-to-release-20120110-1ps7v.html|title=Gillard slams whaling activists as Japanese agree to release|first=Tim|author=Lester|date=January 10, 2012|work=[[Sydney Morning Herald]]|publisher=Fairfax Media|accessdate=February 5, 2012}}</ref> === 2013 === Na Febụwarị 20, onye guzobere [[Onye Ọzụzụ Atụrụ Oké Osimiri Òtù Nchekwa|Sea Shepherd Conservation Society]] bụ Paul Watson kwuru na ụgbọ mmiri ndị Japan naegbu whale bụ ''Nisshin Maru'' kụrụ ''Steve Irwin'', MY Sam Simon na ''Bob Barker'' ọtụtụ ugboro nọgụ na Southern Ocean, n'ebe ugwu nke Casey Research Station nke Australia na Antarctica.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.3news.co.nz/Sea-Shepherd-claims-victory-in-Southern-Ocean-after-collisions/tabid/417/articleID/287594/Default.aspx|work=3 News NZ|first=Kim|author=Choe|title=Sea Shepherd claims victory over whalers|date=February 21, 2013|accessdate=February 20, 2013|archive-date=September 26, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130926081649/http://www.3news.co.nz/Sea-Shepherd-claims-victory-in-Southern-Ocean-after-collisions/tabid/417/articleID/287594/Default.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref> === 2018 === Na Disemba 2, 2018 Sea Shepherd kwupụtara na a gaahapụ ụgbọ mmiri ahụ, wepụ ya ma megharịa ya na China, na MY Ocean Warrior gaewere ọnọdụ ya dị ka ụgbọ mmiri nke ụgbọ mmiri ahụ.<ref>[https://maritime-executive.com/article/sea-shepherd-to-retire-flagship-m-y-steve-Irwin Sea Shepherd to Retire Flagship M/Y Steve Irwin]. </ref><ref>[https://safety4sea.com/sea-shepherd-to-scrap-m-y-steve-irwin/ Sea Shepherd to scrap M/Y Steve Irwin]. </ref> Nịgbaso akụkọ banyere ụgbọ mmiri ahụ nwere ike ịtọgbọ, Kerrie Goodall, onye guzobere Ship4Good Philanthropic Organization, zọpụtara ụgbọ mmiri ahụ, naeduga nke ọma na mkpọsa "Zọpụta Steve". E kwụsịrị ụgbọ mmiri ''Steve Irwin'' na Williamstown, Victoria, naatụle ojiji na ọnọdụ ụgbọ mmiri ahụ nọdịnihu. 'Steve' bụ ụgbọ mmiri akụkọ ihe mere eme site na Australian Maritime Museum. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, e nwere ebe ngosi nka Sea Shepherd, ụlọ mmanya, ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ, njem ụgbọ mmiri, ngwụsị izu na ihe omume kwa ọnwa<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.starweekly.com.au/news/sea-shepherds-steve-irwin-ship-saved-from-scrapheap|title=Star Weekly &#124; Sea Shepherd's Steve Irwin ship saved from scrapheap - Star Weekly|accessdate=June 7, 2019|archivedate=June 7, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190607012345/https://www.starweekly.com.au/news/sea-shepherds-steve-irwin-ship-saved-from-scrapheap/}}</ref> === 2022 === Ụgbọ mmiri ahụ nọ na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri Newcastle ruo nwa oge maka nrụzi ma naeme atụmatụ ịga nebe ugwu Brisbane.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-07-10/sea-shepherd-my-steve-irwin-finds-temporary-retirement-home/101200986|title=Kerrie bought this iconic anti-whaling ship for $10. She and 'the Admiral' have big plans|work=ABC News|date=July 10, 2022}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Ndị agha mmiri Neptune, ndepụta nke [[Ụgbọ Mmiri Neptune|ụgbọ mmiri]] ndị Sea Shepherd naarụ ọrụ == Ihe odide == {{Reflist|30em}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] bojmwlll8qa4mv0pswzchqjv3ajetcj Judith Adams 0 30547 742098 122392 2026-10-30T22:05:40Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 742098 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|honorific-prefix=|name=Judith Adams|honorific-suffix=|image=|title=[[Australian Senate|Senator]] for [[Western Australia]]|term_start=1 July 2005|term_end=31 March 2012|successor=[[Dean Smith (Australian politician)|Dean Smith]]|birth_name=Judith Anne Bird|birth_date={{birth date|df=yes|1943|4|11}}|birth_place=[[Picton, New Zealand|Picton]], [[New Zealand]]|death_date={{death date and age|df=yes|2012|3|31|1943|4|11}}|death_place=[[Kalamunda, Western Australia|Kalamunda]], [[Western Australia]], [[Australia]]|nationality=[[Australia]]n|spouse=Gordon Adams (m 1970–2008)<br>(his death)|party=[[Liberal Party of Australia]]|relations=|children=Stuart Adams, Robert Adams|residence=|alma_mater=|occupation=Nurse, farmer, midwife|profession=|signature=|website=|footnotes=}} '''Judith Anne Adams''' (née Bird; 11 Eprel 1943 - 31 Machị 2012) bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Australia a mụrụ na New Zealand, onye na-amụ nwa, onye nọọsụ, na onye ọrụ ugbo, onye jere ozi dị ka onye otu Senate Australia n'etiti afọ 2005 na 2012, na-anọchite anya steeti Western [[Ostraliya|Australia]]. == Akụkọ ndụ == A mụrụ Adams na Picton, [[New Zealand]], ọ bụkwa onye nọọsụ a zụrụ azụ na onye na-amụ nwa nwere ahụmịhe na iwu nlekọta ahụike, yana diplọma na Na-arụ ọrụ ndị ọbịa nọọsụ.. Ọ sonyeere ndị agha New Zealand Territorial Army dị ka nwanne nwanyị nọọsụ na 1963, e mesịa ziga ya Vietnam dị ka onye nọọsụ nkịtị n'okpuru atụmatụ Colombo n'oge Agha Vietnam.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120514113810/http://www.wa.liberal.org.au/federal/about-judith About Judith] – Senator Judith Adams. Retrieved 31 March 2012.</ref> Adams kwagara Australia na 1968, ma were ya n'ọrụ na Ngalaba Ahụike nke Western Australia dị ndụ ebighị ebi n'ụwa ọhụrụ ezi ntụziaka oriri nri dị mma maka nsogbụ ụra ka onye otu Emergency Nursing Service, nke gụnyere postings na mpaghara Western Australia.<ref>[http://www.abc.net.au/tv/qanda/senators/adams.htm Senator Judith Adams] – Q&A. Retrieved 31 March 2012.</ref> Ọ zutere onye ga-abụ di ya, Gordon Adams, onye na-anya ụgbọelu maka Royal Flying Doctor Service, mgbe ọ na-eje ozi na Meekatharra, onye ọ lụrụ na 1970. Di na nwunye ahụ gbazitere ugbo na Quindanning tupu ha azụta ugbo na Kojonup na 1972.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120402203020/http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/liberal-senator-judith-adams-loses-cancer-battle/story-e6frg6n6-1226315338449 Liberal Senator Judith Adams loses cancer battle] – ''[[The Australian]]'' online. Published 31 March 2012. Retrieved 31 March 2012.</ref> Mgbe ọ nọ na Western Australia, ọ bụrụ ihe na ụdị nke ụwa họrọ site n'ime ụmụ ndị ikom abụọ igbu onye ọ bụla n'ime unu ghara ịga ije na nkịta ọhịa nkịta rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye ndụmọdụ nke Healthcare Association of Western Australia, Australian Healthcare Association, na National Rural Health Alliance, ma bụrụkwa onye otu Rural Health Reference Group. Ọ bụkwa onye otu State Executive nke Liberal Party nke Australia n'etiti afọ 2000 na 2004. Gordon nwụrụ n'afọ 2008. Na ntuli aka steeti Western Australia nke afọ 2001, Adams bụ onye na-azọ oche Wagin, mana Terry Waldron meriri ya.<ref>[http://www.waginargus.com.au/news/local/news/politics/wa-state-election-judith-adams/154610.aspx WA State election - Judith Adams] – ''Wagin Argus''. Published 24 January 2001. Retrieved 31 March 2012.</ref> A họpụtara Adams ka ọ bụrụ onye omeiwu na ntuli aka gọọmentị etiti nke afọ 2004, na oge ya malitere na 1 Julaị 2005, na-aghọ nwanyị nke abụọ kacha okenye ịbanye na ndị omeiwu Australia. N'oge ọ nọ na ụlọ omebe iwu, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka osote onye mmegide, ma tinye aka n'ịhụ na mgbanwe na iwu ọka wit na iwu ndị agha.<ref>Spagnolo, Joe (2012). [http://www.perthnow.com.au/news/western-australia/liberal-senator-loses-breast-cancer-battle/story-e6frg14c-1226315222427 Liberal senator loses breast cancer battle] – PerthNow. Published 31 March 2012. Retrieved 31 March 2012.</ref> A chọpụtara na Adams nwere ọrịa kansa ara nke mbụ na 1998, na ọrịa kansa ara ọzọ na 2008. Ọ nwụrụ site na ọrịa ahụ n'ụlọ ọgwụ Kalamunda na Machị 2012, mgbe ọ dị afọ 68. Nzukọ omebe iwu nke Western Australia họpụtara Dean Smith na 2 Mee 2012 ka ọ bụrụ onye omebe iwu Adams. == Hụkwa == * Ụmụ nwanyị nọ na Senate Australia == Ntụaka == <references group="" responsive="1"></references> pglkjjo8eqw9u9gpgm0ku3h2rmzqr3d Murtala Nyako 0 31506 742130 741623 2026-10-31T11:12:21Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 742130 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|children=February 1976}}{{Databox}} '''Murtala Hamman-Yero Nyako''', GCON, CFR: rcds, D.Agric. (H.C.) (born 27 August 1942) was elected Executive Governor of Adamawa State, [[Naijiria|Nigeria]], taking office in May 2007. Prior to then he served in the Navy, at one time being Military-Governor of Niger State, and being appointed [[Chief of Naval Staff (Nigeria)|Chief of Naval Staff]] in December 1989.<ref name="aemirate"/> == Early life == A mụrụ Murtala Hamman-Yero Nyako na Mayo-Belwa, Adamawa Steeti na 27 Ọgọst 1943. Mayo-Belwa<ref name="aemirate"> {{Cite web|url=http://www.adamawaemirate.org/emiratecouncil.html|title=Adamawa Emirate Council: SARKI YAMMA ADAMAWA|publisher=Adamawa Emirate|accessdate=25 March 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100909141130/http://www.adamawaemirate.org/emiratecouncil.html|archivedate=9 September 2010|url-status=dead}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">. Adamawa Emirate. Archived from on 9 September 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 March</span> 2010</span>.</cite></ref> Nna ya, Alhaji Hamman-Yero, bụ onye ahịa a ma ama na onye na-azụ ahịa, onye ọrụ ahịa ya bụ isi maka nguzobe John Holts and Sons Ltd na Mayo-Belwa. Nne ya, Hajiya Maryam Daso, bụ onye na-elekọta ụlọ nke nwere mmasị na ọmụmụ Islam na ọgwụ mkpá akwụkwọ. Ọ malitere agụmakwụkwọ ọdịda anyanwụ ya na Mayo-Belwa Elementary School na Jenụwarị 1952, gaa Yola Middle School na Jenị 1955 wee malite agụmakwụkwọ ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ya n'otu ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ na Jenụwaị 1958.<ref name="aemirate"/> A maara ya mgbe ọ nọ ebe ahụ maka ihe ọmụmụ ya na ike egwuregwu ya. == Ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na impeachment == Nyako banyere na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị n'afọ 2006. A họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ Gọvanọ nke Adamawa Steeti n'ọnwa Eprel afọ 2007.<ref name="adamawastatesppu.org">SPPU Adamawa State Government, "[www.adamawastatesppu.org]"</ref> N'ọnwa Febụwarị n'afọ 2008, ụlọ ikpe mkpegharị ikpe nke ntuli aka kagburu ntuli aka ya, na-ebo ebubo na ọ bụ ntuli aka na-ezighị ezi. Onye isi oche ụlọ James Barka ṅụrụ iyi dị ka onye na-anọchite anya Gọvanọ na 26 Febụwarị 2008. James Barka<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200802270251.html|title=Aftermath of Tribunal Judgement - Adamawa AG Gov Sworn-in As Tribunal Sacks Nyako|work=Daily Trust|author=Abdullahi Tasiu Abubakar and Andrew Agbese|date=27 February 2008|accessdate=9 May 2010}}</ref> A na-eme ntuli aka ọhụrụ, a họpụtakwara Nyako ọzọ site na mmeri siri ike na-ewere mpaghara gọọmentị ime obodo iri abụọ na otu niile, na-amaliteghachi ọrụ na 29 Eprel 2008.<ref> {{Cite web|url=http://www.sunnewsonline.com/webpages/politics/2008/dec/27/politics-27-12-2008-001.htm|title=2008: The big stories • The good, the bad and the ugly|author=HENRY UMAHI|date=27 December 2008|accessdate=9 May 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090214130929/http://www.sunnewsonline.com/webpages/politics/2008/dec/27/politics-27-12-2008-001.htm|archivedate=14 February 2009}} </ref> N'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ụlọ ahụ malitere ime ihe iji chụpụ Nyako, mana a kwụsịrị ya mgbe onye isi ala Umaru Yar'Adua batara n'onwe ya. Umaru Yar'Adua Mmekọrịta ahụ ka mma, na Machị 2010 Ụlọ Nzukọ nke steeti Adamawa mere ntuli aka nke ntụkwasị obi na Gọvanọ Nyako, na-akọwa ya dị ka "mesaya" nye ndị obodo ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.compassnewspaper.com/NG/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=43407:adamawa-pdp-chair-to-aspirants-no-vacancy-in-government-house&catid=36:news&Itemid=702|title=2010: Adamawa PDP chair to aspirants: No vacancy in Government House|author=Clement Ekong|date=15 March 2010|work=Nigerian Compass|accessdate=24 May 2010}}</ref> N'afọ 2012 mgbe Gọvanọ mbụ gasịrị, ọ gbara ọsọ maka oge nke abụọ na ntuli aka gọvanọ nke steeti Adamawa n'afọ 2012 ma họpụta ya ọzọ. 2012 Nhọrọ gọvanọ nke steeti Adamawa<ref> {{Cite web|url=http://www.punchng.com/news/nyako-wins-adamawa-gov-election/|title=2012: Nyako wins Adamawa Governorship election|author=Ihuoma Chiedozie and Olusola Fabiyi|date=6 February 2012|work=The Punch|accessdate=11 April 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120314080626/http://www.punchng.com/news/nyako-wins-adamawa-gov-election/|archivedate=14 March 2012}} </ref> N'abalị iri na ise n'ọnwa Julaị n'afọ 2014, a chụpụrụ gọvanọ ahụ ka ụlọ omebe iwu steeti ahụ tụlere akụkọ nke otu kọmitii nyocha nke nyochara ebubo nke omume ọjọọ ego megide ya. Akụkọ ahụ chọpụtara na gọvanọ ahụ nwere ikpe maka ebubo iri na isii niile nke ajọ omume nke ụlọ ahụ mere megide ya. N'abalị iri na otu n'ọnwa Febụwarị n'afọ 2016, ụlọ ikpe mkpegharị ikpe gọọmentị etiti kwupụtara na impeachment ahụ enweghị isi ma nye iwu ka a kwụọ ya ikike niile ọ nwetara site na ụbọchị impeachment. Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke Naịjirịa kwadoro ikpe ahụ na 16 Disemba 2016 mana ọ jụrụ iweghachi ya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/218194-breaking-ex-governor-nyako-loses-supreme-court.html|title=Ex-Governor Nyako loses at Supreme Court|author=Evelyn Okakwu|date=16 December 2016|work=Premium Times|accessdate=23 March 2017}}</ref> == Ebubo nrụrụ aka na ikpe == Malite n'afọ 2015, ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka mpụ akụ na ụba na ego boro Nyako na nwa ya nwoke, Abdul-Aziz Nyako na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ a na-ebo ebubo, ebubo iri atọ na asaa nke nkata mpụ, izu ohi, iji ọrụ eme ihe n'ụzọ na-ezighị ezi, na ịkwụ ụgwọ karịrị nde mmadụ iri abụọ na itoolu. Kọmitii Na-ahụ Maka Mpụ Akụ na Akụ na Ụgwọ Abdul-Aziz Nyako Ikpe ahụ malitere na 7 Julaị 2015 na EFCC mechiri ikpe ya afọ anọ ka e mesịrị na 3 Nọvemba 2019, ebe ọ kpọrọ ndị akaebe 21; ndị na-agbachitere ya wee tinye akwụkwọ na ọ dịghị ikpe iji zaa ntinye aka. Enweghị ikpe ị ga-azaghachi Ọkàikpe Okon Abang nke Abuja Division nke Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke Federal jụrụ ntinye aka ahụ na July 2021 tupu o nye ndị na-agbachitere ya iwu ka ha gosipụta ikpe ya n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'otu afọ ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Ejekwonyilo|first=Ameh|title=Alleged N29bn Fraud: Ex-governor Nyako others have case to answer – Court|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/474488-just-in-alleged-n29bn-fraud-ex-governor-nyako-others-have-case-to-answer-court.html|work=[[Premium Times]]|accessdate=22 July 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=N29 Billion Money Laundering: Nyako, son, begin defence October|url=https://gazettengr.com/n29-billion-money-laundering-nyako-son-begin-defence-october/|work=[[News Agency of Nigeria]]|publisher=Peoples Gazette|accessdate=22 July 2021}}</ref> == Ndị a nabatara == Nyako abụrụla onye natara nzere Doctorate nke Ọrụ Ugbo site na Mahadum Federal nke Ọrụ Ugwu, Abeokuta; Mahadum Teknụzụ Minna, (2008); Mahaduma nke Teknụzụ, Yola (2009) na National Awards of Commander of Federal Republic (CFR) na 1993, Grand Commander of the Niger (GCON) na 1999 na Commander ọzọ nke Federal Republic (CFR) na 2002. Mahadum Ọrụ Ugbo nke Federal, Abeokuta<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200704110283.html|title=Nyako - A Patriot in Politics|work=ThisDay|author=Sheshi Mohammed|date=10 April 2007|accessdate=25 March 2010}}</ref> == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke Nigeria]] [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] cbnk5jii6s2mxxg6blqa2mt6ju5278v Kais al-Hilali 0 45080 742105 580560 2026-10-30T22:48:23Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 7 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 742105 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Kais al-Hilali''' (1979 – 20 Maachị 2011) bụ onye na-ese eserese ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Libya gbara ma gbuo na 20 Maachị 2011 n'oge agha obodo Libyan nkeji mgbe ọ sere otu n'ime ihe osise n'okporo ụzọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke ọ bụ obodo ama ama. Dị ka ndị akaebe si kwuo, ọ ka sere caricature nke Muammar Gaddafi na mgbidi dị na Benghazi mgbe mgbọ kụrụ. <ref name="New Yorker">{{Cite web|url=http://www.newyorker.com/online/blogs/newsdesk/2011/04/kais-al-hilali-libya-artist-cartoonists.html#ixzz1JkNKsfM4|title=Cartoonists Honor a Fallen Libyan Street Artist|date=15 April 2011}}</ref> Mgbe ọgba aghara ahụ malitere, al-Hilali na ndị enyi ya malitere ịse caricatures na mpempe akwụkwọ na-ekesa ha gburugburu obodo ka ndị mmadụ na-egosi na ngosi ma ọ bụ kpọgidere na mgbidi. <ref name="Australian">{{Cite news|url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/world/writing-on-wall-for-street-artist/story-e6frg6so-1226028339330|title=Writing on wall for street artist|date=25 March 2011|work=The Australian|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140318160638/http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/world/writing-on-wall-for-street-artist/story-e6frg6so-1226028339330|archive-date=18 March 2014|access-date=23 May 2024|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Onye na-esegharị ihe nkiri == Kais so na ndị ngagharị iwe wakporo ogige Khattiba nke obodo ahụ na 20 February, mana onyinye ya dị iche na nke ndị ji okwute na bọmbụ mmanụ ụgbọala. Kama ịlụ ọgụ, ọ na-ese nnukwu katoon gafee mgbidi Khattiba nke na-egosi Colonel Gaddafi n'akụkụ ekele mmeri nke ndị nnupụisi nwere mkpịsị aka abụọ. <ref name="Australian" />{{Cite news|url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/world/writing-on-wall-for-street-artist/story-e6frg6so-1226028339330|title=Writing on wall for street artist|date=25 March 2011|work=The Australian|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140318160638/http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/world/writing-on-wall-for-street-artist/story-e6frg6so-1226028339330|archive-date=18 March 2014|access-date=23 May 2024|url-status=dead}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://web.archive.org/web/20140318160638/http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/world/writing-on-wall-for-street-artist/story-e6frg6so-1226028339330 "Writing on wall for street artist"]. ''The Australian''. 25 March 2011.</cite></ref> N'elu mgbidi ndị ọzọ ọ sere onyinyo Gaddafi tinyere okwu ọchị ọchị, 'enwe nke enwe niile dị n'Africa'. <ref name="Australian" /> Na vidiyo maka TF1, ọwa French mba, Hilali na-ekwu, n'asụsụ Arabic, "Gaddafi na-akpọ onwe ya Eze nke ndị eze Africa; M na-ekwu na ọ bụ enwe nke enwe nke Africa." == Ọnwụ == Ndị uwe ojii nzuzo gbagburu ya mgbe ụgbọ ala ọ bụ onye njem kwụsịrị n'ebe a na-enyocha ya. Otu ndị na-ese ihe ugbu a na-ese ihe osise nka na Benghazi, na-aga n'aha ya ma na-aga n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ site na ụlọ ọrụ ramshackle na ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi na-arụ ọrụ n'akụkụ ogige obodo. <ref name="Australian" />{{Cite news|url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/world/writing-on-wall-for-street-artist/story-e6frg6so-1226028339330|title=Writing on wall for street artist|date=25 March 2011|work=The Australian|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140318160638/http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/world/writing-on-wall-for-street-artist/story-e6frg6so-1226028339330|archive-date=18 March 2014|access-date=23 May 2024|url-status=dead}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://web.archive.org/web/20140318160638/http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/world/writing-on-wall-for-street-artist/story-e6frg6so-1226028339330 "Writing on wall for street artist"]. ''The Australian''. 25 March 2011.</cite></ref> Ọ natara ozi ka ọ kwụsị nkwupụta otu ndị nka. Ọ na-ekwu na ndị ọrụ nchekwa Gaddafi weputara iyi egwu ọnwụ tupu a chụpụ ha na mpaghara ọwụwa anyanwụ nke obodo ahụ. == Ụtụ mgbasa ozi == Magazin ''New Yorker'' kwuru banyere ọnwụ ya, sị, "Nkọwa nke ndị na-ese ihe nkiri mba ụwa siri ike, na mgbe onye ọrụ ibe ya nwụrụ n'ụzọ na-ezighị ezi, okwu na-aga ngwa ngwa. Ọ na-ewute ma na-akpasu ndị na-ese foto iwe, nzaghachi ha bụ ịdọrọ." <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newyorker.com/online/blogs/newsdesk/2011/04/kais-al-hilali-libya-artist-cartoonists.html|title=Cartoonists Honor a Fallen Libyan Street Artist|date=15 April 2011}}</ref> Ndị nta akụkọ kọrọ ọnwụ Kais n'ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ telivishọn na akwụkwọ akụkọ ndị kacha ewu ewu n'ụwa. Otú ọ dị, ọ bụ mmeghachi omume na nzaghachi sitere n'aka ndị na-ese foto ibe ya n'otu òtù ahụ nyere Kais ụtụ kasịnụ. N'oge ọnwụ ya, ọ bụ naanị ndị bi na Benghazi maara ihe mgbochi Gaddafi ya. Iji gosi ụdị obi ọjọọ nke ọnwụ a na-eduga ndị na-ese foto sitere na akwụkwọ akụkọ gburugburu ụwa bipụtara ihe nkiri eserese maka ụtụ ya na mkpesa na igbu ọchụ ya, ọtụtụ ndị na-egosi Colonel Gaddafi dị ka onye kpatara ọnwụ ya. <ref name="New Yorker" />{{Cite web|url=http://www.newyorker.com/online/blogs/newsdesk/2011/04/kais-al-hilali-libya-artist-cartoonists.html#ixzz1JkNKsfM4|title=Cartoonists Honor a Fallen Libyan Street Artist|date=15 April 2011}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.newyorker.com/online/blogs/newsdesk/2011/04/kais-al-hilali-libya-artist-cartoonists.html#ixzz1JkNKsfM4 "Cartoonists Honor a Fallen Libyan Street Artist"]. 15 April 2011.</cite></ref> E gosipụtara ọnwụ ya n'ụwa niile site na mpụta nka sitere na ndị na-ese foto ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nwere mwute na iwe ọtụtụ ndị na-esere onwe ha banyere ọnwụ al-Hilali gụnyere Jeff Danziger New York Times Syndicate cartoonist na [[New York City]], Stavro Jabra -Lebanon, Cristian Sampaio - [[Portugal]], Butti Manfuelli - Corsica, Avi Katz - Israel, Riber Hansso - [[Sweden]], Saul Cabanillas - [[Spain]], na Michael Kithla na Giorgio Foraltina. CNN, na Republica TV-Radio netwọk mgbasa ozi na-ebu akụkọ banyere ndụ ya na ọnwụ ya na CNN na-ezo aka na mgbidi mgbidi ya dị ka 'ọrụ nkà'. Rod Nordlandin bụ New York Times kọrọ ọnwụ ya na mmetụta ọha mmadụ nke nka ya. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/04/18/world/africa/18benghazi.html|work=The New York Times|first=Rod|author=Nordland|title=Benghazi Takes Halting Steps Toward Democracy in Libya|date=17 April 2011}}</ref> Akwụkwọ akụkọ Australian kwuru 'Onye na-eto eto na-ese ihe na-enupụ isi biri na-alụ ọgụ na brọsh na ihe osise ya, na-ezere ngwa agha Libya na mwụfu ọbara iji kwado ihe odide na-emegide Gaddafi nke satirical na caricatures nke ọ gbapụrụ na mgbidi Benghazi. <ref name="Australian" />{{Cite news|url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/world/writing-on-wall-for-street-artist/story-e6frg6so-1226028339330|title=Writing on wall for street artist|date=25 March 2011|work=The Australian|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140318160638/http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/world/writing-on-wall-for-street-artist/story-e6frg6so-1226028339330|archive-date=18 March 2014|access-date=23 May 2024|url-status=dead}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://web.archive.org/web/20140318160638/http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/world/writing-on-wall-for-street-artist/story-e6frg6so-1226028339330 "Writing on wall for street artist"]. ''The Australian''. 25 March 2011.</cite></ref> <ref>THE young rebel artist lived to fight with his brushes and paints, eschewing Libya's weapons and bloodshed in favour of the satirical anti-Gaddafi graffiti and caricatures that he daubed across Benghazi's walls.</ref> Onye na-ebipụta akwụkwọ akụkọ Irish Des Grant kwuru na ekwesịrị ịkpọ otu okporo ámá dị na Benghazi aha Kais, o kwughachiri ihe ndị ahụ na ibe Facebook nke onye na-ese ihe. == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} * {{Cite news|author=Donnelly|first=Liza|title=Cartoonists Honor a Fallen Libyan Street Artist|url=https://www.newyorker.com/online/blogs/newsdesk/2011/04/kais-al-hilali-libya-artist-cartoonists.html#ixzz1JkNKsfM4|accessdate=17 April 2011|work=The New Yorker}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://www.facebook.com/pages/In-Loving-Memory-of-Kais-Al-hilali-slain-Libyan-artist/119365094810996 Ibe Facebook Official] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 2ojcuc7x4rm28j0t0s6kb4bzyyqyo8j King Ampaw 0 45636 742114 725457 2026-10-31T00:15:31Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 742114 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=King Ampaw|image=|alt=|caption=|birth_name=|birth_date={{birth date and age|1940|07|25|df=yes}}|birth_place=Kukurantumi, [[Eastern Region (Ghana)|Eastern Region]], [[Ghana]]|death_date=<!-- {{Death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} (death date then birth date) -->|death_place=|nationality=Ghanaian|citizenship=Ghanaian|other_names=|alma_mater=Hochschule für Fernsehen und Film München (HFF Munich)|occupation=Actor, filmmaker, producer|years_active=1972–present|known_for=|notable_works=They Call it Love (1972)}} {{Databox}}'''King Ampaw''' bụ onye [[Ghana]] onye na-eme ihe nkiri na onye na-eme ihe nkiri amụrụ na Kukurantumi na mpaghara ọwụwa anyanwụ [[Ghana]] . A maara ya maka ịgba egwu dị ka onye ndu nke abụọ ya na onye na-eme ihe nkiri Hollywood nwụrụ anwụ, Klaus Kinski na ihe nkiri na-akpali akpali nke Werner Herzog ''Cobra Verde'' (1987) nke o mekwara. O mekwara ihe nkiri ''African Timber [ de ]'' (1989) nke Peter F. Bringmann duziri. <ref>{{Cite web|title=African Timber|url=http://www.africa-archive.com/gh/african-timber-1989|work=www.african-archive.com|accessdate=26 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150226182511/http://africa-archive.com/gh/african-timber-1989|archive-date=26 February 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ọ lụrụ di na ụmụ nwoke abụọ. <ref name="African Film festival: New York">{{Cite web|title=African Film festival: New York|url=http://www.africanfilmny.org/2013/king-ampaw/|work=www.africanfilmny.org|accessdate=26 February 2015}}</ref> == Akụkọ ndụ == A mụrụ Eze Ampaw na 25 Julaị 1940 na Kukurantumi na mpaghara ọwụwa anyanwụ nke [[Ghana]] . Ọ gara Academy of Film na Potsdam, [[Jémanị|Germany]] na 1965. Na 1966 o debakwara aha na Academy of Music and Performing Arts na Vienna, [[Austria]] na Hochschule für Fernsehen und Film München, [[Jémanị|Germany]] (HFF Munich) site na 1967 ruo 1972 ebe ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Werner Herzog na Wim Wenders . Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ dị ka onye na-ahụ maka ihe nkiri na ihe nkiri mbụ ya ''Ha kpọrọ ya ịhụnanya'' . Mgbe ọ laghachiri Ghana, ọ ghọrọ onye isi nchịkwa na Ghana Broadcasting Corporation (GBC) site na 1979 ruo 1982 mgbe ọ hapụrụ GBC guzobe ụlọ ọrụ ihe nkiri nke ya, Afro movies Ltd. King Ampaw dere, duzie ma mepụta nke ya. fim ndị dị ka ''Kukurantumi, Road to Accra'' (1983), ''Juju'' (1985) na ''No Time to Die'' (2006). <ref>{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=|title=Ghana: King Ampaw to Premier "No Time to Die" in Atlanta|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/200806060737.html|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=September 25, 2020|work=allafrica.com}}</ref> Ọtụtụ n'ime ihe nkiri ya na ụlọ ọrụ ya Afromovies Ltd na ụlọ ọrụ mba ụwa na gọọmentị dị ka ''oge anwụghị anwụ'' nke European Union na gọọmentị France kwadoro. A na-eto ihe nkiri ya na mba ụwa ma nweta ọtụtụ ihe nrite gụnyere Film Critics Award maka ''Kukurantumi, Road to Accra'' na [[Panafrican Film and Television Festival of Ouagadougou|FESPACO]], Input Film Award for ''Juju'' na [[Chekia|Czech Republic]] na Talifa Film Festival Award na [[Spain]] maka ''oge ọ bụla ịnwụ anwụ'' . == Onyinye na nhọpụta == N'afọ 2007, e nwetara King Ampaw "Ihe nrite onye na- eme <ref name=":0" /> nkiri na 4th African ''Film Festival of Tarifa'' na [[Spain]] . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=|title=Filmmaker King Ampaw turns 80|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/entertainment/showbiz-news/filmmaker-king-ampaw-turns-80.html|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=September 25, 2020|work=www.graphic.com.gh}}</ref> <ref name=":0" /> O nwetara ihe nrite ihe nkiri Critics maka ''Kukurantumi'' na [[Panafrican Film and Television Festival of Ouagadougou|Fespaco]] dị na Ouagadougou na Input Film Award maka ''Nana Akoto'' na Czechoslovakia <ref name=":0" /> Ọ bụkwa onye mmeri nke Honorary Award na mbipụta <nowiki><i id="mweg">Africa Movie Academy Awards</i></nowiki> ( <nowiki><i id="mwew">AMAA</i></nowiki> ), na [[Naijiria|Nigeria]] . <ref name=":0" /> Ọzọkwa, e nyere ya ihe nrite ihe nrite nke ndụ na ''Accra International Film Festival'' ( ''AIFF'' ) na 2013. <ref name=":0" /> == Ntụaka == Ọtụtụ n'ime ihe nkiri ya na ụlọ ọrụ ya Afromovies Ltd na ụlọ ọrụ mba ụwa na gọọmentị dị ka oge anwụghị anwụ nke European Union na gọọmentị France kwadoro.{{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] p33vhshoni0w9gki6ululjau30dc0qf Harriet Powers 0 47023 742085 721515 2026-10-30T13:22:43Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 742085 wikitext text/x-wiki   [[File:Harriet Powers 1901.png|thumb|Harriet Powers]] Harriet Powers (Ọktoba 29, 1837 - Jenụwarị 1, 1910) [1] bụ onye omenkà ndị America na onye akwa akwa a mụrụ n'ohu n'ime ime obodo ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ Georgia. Ndị ikike na-eji usoro ngwa ngwa ọdịnala mee ihe mkpuchi nke gosipụtara akụkọ ifo ndị obodo, akụkọ Bible, na ihe omume mbara igwe. Ndị ọchịchị lụrụ di na nwunye ma nwee ezinụlọ buru ibu. Mgbe agha obodo America na nnwere onwe gasịrị, ya na di ya ghọrọ ndị nwe ala n'afọ ndị 1880, mana ala ha tufuru n'ihi nsogbu ego. Naanị abụọ n'ime uwe akwa akwa ya ka a maara na ọ dị: Bible Quilt 1886 na Pictorial Quilt 1898. A na-ewere uwe elu ya dị ka otu n'ime ihe atụ kachasị mma nke narị afọ nke iri na itoolu nke Southern quilting. A na-egosi ọrụ ya na National Museum of American History na [[Washington, D.C.]], na Museum of Fine Arts na Boston, Massachusetts == Akụkọ ndụ == A mụrụ ike n'ime ịgba ohu na 1837 na nso Athens, Georgia. Ekwenyere na ọ nọrọla nwata ya n'ubi dị ka ohu, nke John na Nancy Lester nwe na Madison County ma mụta ịkwa akwa n'aka ndị ohu ndị ọzọ ma ọ bụ n'aka nwanyị ohu ya.<ref name="gwoa">{{Cite web|title=HARRIET POWERS – Nurse. Volunteer. social activist|work=[[Georgia Women of Achievement]]|date=March 2009|url=https://www.georgiawomen.org/copy-of-pauley-frances-freeborn|accessdate=August 27, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191221174659/https://www.georgiawomen.org/copy-of-pauley-frances-freeborn|archivedate=December 21, 2019}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.georgiawomen.org/copy-of-pauley-frances-freeborn "HARRIET POWERS – Nurse. Volunteer. social activist"]. ''[[Georgia Women of Achievement]]''. March 2009. [https://web.archive.org/web/20191221174659/https://www.georgiawomen.org/copy-of-pauley-frances-freeborn Archived] from the original on December 21, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 27,</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> N'afọ 1855, mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na asatọ, Powers lụrụ Armstead Powers.<ref name="gwoa"/> Ha nwere ma ọ dịkarịa ala ụmụ itoolu.<ref name=":1"/><ref name=":3">{{Cite book|title=Threads of life : a history of the world through the eye of a needle|author=Hunter|first=Clare|publisher=Sceptre (Hodder & Stoughton)|year=2019|isbn=9781473687912|location=London|pages=201–203|oclc=1079199690}}</ref> Mgbe Agha Obodo America gasịrị, a tọhapụrụ ndị Powerses na ụmụ ha. Na ngụkọ 1870, edere ha ka ha nwere $300 (~ $7,228 na 2023) na ihe onwunwe nkeonwe, n'agbanyeghị na ha enweghị ala. N'ihe gbasara ọrụ, e depụtara Powers dị ka 'ụlọ nchekwa' na di ya dị ka 'onye ọrụ ugbo.' N'oge a, atọ n'ime ụmụ ha - Amanda, Leon Joe (Alonzo), na Nancy - ka bi n'ụlọ. Ka ọ na-erule 1880s Powers na ezinụlọ ya nwere ala acres anọ ma gbaa obere ugbo na Clarke County.[1][2] N'afọ 1886, Powers gosipụtara quilt mbụ ya na ngosi akwa Atens.[3][4][1] Mgbe ụfọdụ ihe isi ike ego gasịrị, Armstead malitere iji nwayọọ na-ere traktị ala na mmalite 1890s, ma mechaa mebie ụtụ isi ya.[1] N'agbanyeghị nsogbu ego ha nwere, ndị Powerses ahapụghị ụlọ ha.[3] Mpaghara ha nwere ogbenye ego, akụ na ụba ime obodo, ọ na-esiri ndị America America ike ịnakọta ego maka ụtụ isi na ụgwọ. Na 1894, Armstead hapụrụ Powers; Ọ lụọghị nwaanyị ọzọ ma eleghị anya ọ kwadoro onwe ya dị ka onye na-akwa akwa.[1][2] Ọ nọgidere na Clarke County maka ọtụtụ oge ndụ ya. Ọ bụ ezie na edemede ''Chicago Tribune'' nke 1895 <ref>{{Cite web|title=EXHIBIT OF THE NEGROES (November 24, 1895)|url=http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1895/11/24/page/30/article/exhibit-of-the-negroes|accessdate=March 5, 2016}}</ref> banyere Cotton States na International Expo kọwara Powers dị ka onye na-amaghị akwụkwọ na onye na-agụ akwụkwọ, na-amụta akụkọ Bible site na "ndị ọzọ nwere ihu ọma", Powers maara akwụkwọ. Quilt ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme Kyra E. Hicks chọpụtara akwụkwọ ozi nke Powers dere mgbe ọ na-eme nchọpụta maka akwụkwọ ya na quilter: This I Accomplish: Harriet Powers' Bible Quilt and Other Pieces (2009). <ref>{{Cite book|author=Hicks|first=Kyra E.|title=This I Accomplish: Harriet Powers' Bible Quilt and Other Pieces|url=https://archive.org/details/thisiaccomplishh0000hick|date=2009|publisher=Black Threads Press|isbn=9780982479650|edition=1St|location=Place of publication not identified|language=en}}</ref> Akwụkwọ ozi ahụ bụ akwụkwọ ozi sitere na Powers nke 1896 nye otu nwanyị a ma ama si Keokuk, Iowa; ọ kọọrọ nghọta banyere ndụ Powers mgbe ọ bụ ohu, otu na mgbe ọ mụtara ịgụ na ide, na nkọwa nke ọ dịkarịa ala anọ n'ime akwa ya.<ref name=":4">Kyra E. Hicks, '' "This I Accomplish": Harriet Powers' Bible Quilt and Other Pieces'', pp. 37–40.</ref> Powers dere na ọ mụtara akụkọ Bible site na ọmụmụ nke akwụkwọ ahụ.[3]<ref name=":4" /> Powers nwụrụ na Jenụwarị 1, 1910; e wee lie ya n’ebe a na-eli ozu ndị pilgrim nke dị n’Atens.[1] A chọtaghachiri ili ya na Jenụwarị 2005. <ref name="Payne2011">{{Cite book|author=Ulrich|first=Laurel Thatcher|title=Writing Women's History: A Tribute to Anne Firor Scott|publisher=UP of Mississippi|year=2011|isbn=9781617031748|editor=Elizabeth Anne Payne|pages=82–116|chapter='A Quilt Unlike Any Other': Rediscovering the Work of Harriet Powers|accessdate=November 12, 2014|chapterurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=0ZO_BYwOK0UC&pg=PA113}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Powers gosipụtara akwa akwa mbụ ya, The Bible Quilt, na 1886 na Athens Cotton Fair . <ref name=":1"/><ref name=":3"/> Ọ bụ ebe a ka Jennie Smith, onye na-ese ihe na onye nkuzi nka si na Lucy Cobb Institute, hụrụ akwa ahụ, nke ọ chọpụtara na ọ dị ịrịba ama, wee rịọ ka ọ zụta ya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mfa.org/collections/object/pictorial-quilt-116166|title=Pictorial quilt|work=Museum of Fine Arts, Boston|accessdate=March 5, 2016}}</ref> Powers jụrụ ire, mana ụmụ nwanyị abụọ ahụ nọgidere na-akpọtụrụ. Afọ anọ ka e mesịrị, Powers, zutere nsogbu ego ma di ya gbaa ya ume ire, nyere Smith uwe ahụ maka dollar iri; Smith kwetara ma kwurịta ọnụahịa ahụ ruo dollar ise (~ $ 170.00 na 2023). [2]<ref>{{Cite book|author=Miles|first=Tiya|title=All That She Carried|url=https://archive.org/details/allthatshecarrie0000mile|date=2021|publisher=Random House|isbn=9781984854995|pages=[https://archive.org/details/allthatshecarrie0000mile/page/37 37]–39}}</ref> Powers kọwara ihe oyiyi ahụ n'ụzọ doro anya nye Smith- onye dekọrọ nkọwa ndị a, na-agbakwunye ihe odide nke ya, na akwụkwọ akụkọ nke onwe ya.<ref name="gwoa"/> O nwere ike ịbụ na Smith kọwakwuru ihe Ndị Kraịst dị n'ihe ndekọ ya.[2] Ike na-eji anya na-ekwurịta okwu na akwa akụkọ ya na isiokwu sitere na ahụmịhe nke ya na usoro sitere na ọrụ aka ochie nke ndị Africa America. <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|author=Cash|first=Floris Barnett|date=1995|title=Kinship and Quilting: An Examination of an African-American Tradition|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2717705|journal=The Journal of Negro History|volume=80|issue=1|pages=30–41|doi=10.2307/2717705|issn=0022-2992}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFCash1995">Cash, Floris Barnett (1995). [https://www.jstor.org/stable/2717705 "Kinship and Quilting: An Examination of an African-American Tradition"]. ''The Journal of Negro History''. '''80''' (1): 30–41. [[Digital object identifier|doi]]:[[doi:10.2307/2717705|10.2307/2717705]]. [[ISSN (ihe njirimara)|ISSN]]&nbsp;[[issn:0022-2992|0022-2992]]. [[JSTOR (ihe njirimara)|JSTOR]]&nbsp;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/2717705 2717705]. [[S2CID (ihe njirimara)|S2CID]]&nbsp;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:141226163 141226163].</cite></ref> E mere akwa akwa nke abụọ nke Powers, The Pictorial Quilt, na 1898 na akụkọ ihe mere eme ya edoghị anya. Otu akụkọ na-atụ aro na ọ bụ ndị nwunye ndị otu ngalaba nke Mahadum Atlanta nyere ya iwu, bụ ndị hụrụ akwa mbụ na Cotton States Exhibition na Atlanta na 1895, mgbe Powers na di ya kewara.<ref name=":3"/> Dị ka akwụkwọ ọzọ si kwuo, a zụrụ akwa ahụ na Nashville, Tennessee, na 1898.   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2020)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> N'agbanyeghị ebe o si malite, e nyere mpempe akwụkwọ ahụ n'aka Reverend Charles Cuthbert Hall nke New York City, bụ onye na-eje ozi dị ka osote onye isi oche nke ndị nlekọta ụlọ akwụkwọ mahadum n'oge ahụ. Ndị nketa nke reverend resịrị onye na-anakọta ihe mkpuchi ahụ Maxim Karolik, onye nyeziri ya na Museum of Fine Arts, Boston.<ref name=":8">{{Cite web|title=Pictorial quilt|url=https://collections.mfa.org/objects/116166/pictorial-quilt;jsessionid=F8677AADD787B75395C2FCB08C03BE27|accessdate=2022-05-06|work=collections.mfa.org|language=en|archivedate=2024-11-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20241127070902/https://collections.mfa.org/objects/116166/pictorial-quilt;jsessionid=F8677AADD787B75395C2FCB08C03BE27|url-status=dead}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">. ''collections.mfa.org''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 6,</span> 2022</span>.</cite></ref> N'akwụkwọ ozi o dere n'afọ 1896, Powers kọwara akwa e mere n'ihe dị ka 1882 nke ọ kpọrọ The Lord's Supper Quilt.<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal|author=Johnson|first=Alyssa|date=2019-02-08|title=A Modern Mother: Harriet Powers|url=https://scholarworks.bgsu.edu/africana_studies_conf/2019/003/1|journal=Africana Studies Student Research Conference}}</ref> N'otu aka ahụ, ihe ndekọ nke akwa ndị ọzọ dị mana ọ bụghị ihe doro anya ma ha ma ọ bụ The Lord's Supper Quilt adịgidewo.<ref name=":3"/><ref name=":5" /> == Ọrụ == === ''Akwụkwọ Nsọ Quilt 1886'' === [[Usòrò:PowersBibleQuilt_1886.jpg|thumb|Akwụkwọ Nsọ nke Harriet Powers, 1885-1886]] Emechara na 1886, e ji ákwà owu wuo The Bible Quilt (nke 88 na × 73+3⁄4 in, 2,240 mm × 1,870 mm) wee hazie ya n'ahịrị atọ nwere ngụkọta nke akụkụ 11, ma ọ bụ square.[1][1] 2] A na-enye ihe nkiri ụfọdụ nnukwu ogwe karịa ndị ọzọ. Ihe mkpuchi ahụ nwere àgwà 'random' ọ bụ ezie na a haziri ihe nkiri ahụ n'usoro.[2] E ji usoro appliqué mere Quilt Bible, a na-adụkwa ya ma aka ma ígwè . [2]<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://americanhistory.si.edu/collections/search/object/nmah_556462|title=1885 – 1886 Harriet Powers's Bible Quilt|work=National Museum of American History|accessdate=March 5, 2016|archivedate=March 7, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307045748/http://americanhistory.si.edu/collections/search/object/nmah_556462}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">. ''National Museum of American History''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 5,</span> 2016</span>.</cite></ref><ref name=":7" /> Ihe ngosi ndị ahụ na-egosi akụkọ Bible, dị ka Jekọb na ubube ya, bụ́ ndị e sere n’ime mmụọ “Anyị Na-arịgo n’Ubube Jekọb.” Akụkọ Agba Ochie a bụ ndị ohu na-ewu ewu ebe ọ bụ na ha na-akọ banyere ndị a na-achụ nta, ndị na-enweghị ebe obibi bụ Jekọb na ubube, nke ha kọwara dị ka ihe na-anọchi anya mgbapụ n'ịbụ ohu.[1]. Ihe ndị ọzọ a na-achị bụ Adam na Iv, Iv na nwa ya nwoke na-aga n’ihu na Paradaịs, Setan n’etiti kpakpando asaa ahụ, Ken gburu Ebel, Ken na-abanye n’ala nke Nod maka nwunye, Job, Jona na Whale, [2] Baptizim. nke Kraịst, Mkpọgide n’obe, Judas Iskarịọt na mkpụrụ ọlaọcha iri atọ ahụ, Nri Anyasị ikpeazụ, Ezinụlọ Nsọ, na nrịgo nke Kraịst n’eluigwe. Ike, ọgbọ nke abụọ ma ọ bụ nke atọ nke nwanyị ohu, nwere ike họrọla akụkọ ndị a dị ka ozi mfu na mgbapụ.[2]<ref name=":3" /> Jennie Smith, onye na-eto eto na-ese ihe n'ógbè ahụ nke gụrụ akwụkwọ na mba ọzọ, hụrụ akwa ahụ na Athens Cotton Fair nke 1886. O mechara dee na e ji akwa mee ya n'ihi na, "[Ụdị] nke Power bụ nke obi ike ma na-adabere na iwu nke impressionist mgbe enwere okwu na-atọ ụtọ. " <ref name="smith">{{Cite web|title=1885 – 1886 Harriet Powers's Bible Quilt|url=http://americanhistory.si.edu/collections/search/object/nmah_556462|accessdate=October 26, 2016|work=Smithsonian: National Museum of American History|publisher=Smithsonian Institution|archivedate=March 7, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307045748/http://americanhistory.si.edu/collections/search/object/nmah_556462}}</ref> O kwuru na ya ga-azụta ya mgbe ahụ, mana Powers achọghị ire ya. Afọ anọ ka e mesịrị, Powers laghachiri Smith, na-enye ohere ire akwa ahụ n'ihi mkpa ezinụlọ ya. Ọ kọwaara Smith akụkụ ahụ n'oge ahụ, onye dekọrọ ihe ọ kwuru. Powers gara n'elu ákwà ahụ ọtụtụ oge mgbe Smith nwere ya, na-egosi mkpa ọ dị pụrụ iche na ndụ ya. [1]<ref name="smith" /> ==== Provenance ==== Maazị na Oriakụ H. M. Heckman nyere ụlọ ọrụ Smithsonian Quilt Bible. A na-egosi ya ugbu a na National Museum of American History . <ref name=":1"/> ==== Arụmụka Bible Quilt ==== N'afọ 1992, Ụlọ Ọrụ Smithsonian goro ụlọ ọrụ China ka ha mepụta Bible Quilt, tinyere ọtụtụ akwa ndị ọzọ a ma ama na narị afọ nke 19, gụnyere Susan Strong's 1830 Great Seal Quilt.<ref>{{Cite web|author=KONCIUS|first=JURA|date=April 10, 1992|title=Smithsonian Wraps Itself in Controversy : Americana: The museum is authorizing the sale of foreign-made reproductions of classic American quilt designs.|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1992-04-10-vw-329-story.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=1825 - 1840 Susan Strong's "Great Seal" Quilt|url=https://americanhistory.si.edu/collections/search/object/nmah_556469|work=National Museum of American History}}</ref> Atụmatụ ndị a maka mmepụta na ire ahịa mba ọzọ kpatara nnukwu esemokwu. Mgbe mmeghari izizi pụtara na katalọgụ Spiegel maka ịzụrụ ihe, ọ wụrụ ọtụtụ ndị America akpata oyi. Ndị ogbe mkpuchi na nka, ọkachasị National Quilting Association [1] na Maryland's Four County Quilt Guild,[2] nwere oke iwe site na mbọ mmeputa ndị a. Ha kwenyere na ọ bụ enweghị nkwanye ùgwù iji nweta ego site na Bible Quilt na ọrụ ndị ọzọ yiri ya n'achọghị onye nwere ike nweta ikike ezinụlọ maka ọrụ ahụ na onye nwere ike ịnata ụfọdụ ụgwọ eze site na mmepụta ya. Ndị na-eme ihe nkiri na ndị na-ese ihe na-echegbukwa onwe ha na mmụba nke ihe ndị a pụrụ iche, nke na-adịghị agafe agafe agaghị eme ka ọ daa mbà n'obi nke ndị na-emepụta ha, kama ọ na-ekpuchikwa mmalite dị mkpa nke ọnọdụ ha na akụkọ ihe mere eme America. Ndị otu ndị a kwenyesiri ike na, ọ bụrụ na a ga-emepụtagharị ya, ụlọ ọrụ ndị America ga-emepụta ha iji nyere aka kwado ọrụ ahụ na U.S. Ọtụtụ nwere mmetụta nke ukwuu maka ihe kpatara nke a nke na ha kagburu ịbụ onye Smithsonian ha, kpọtụrụ ndị omebe iwu ha, bịanye aka n'akwụkwọ mkpesa, ma mee mkpesa na National Mall na Washington, D.C. [ntụgharị chọrọ] Dabere na nzaghachi ndị a, Smithsonian Institution mere ọtụtụ mgbanwe na ọrụ ọmụmụ ha. . Ha nwere "Nwebiisinka 1992 Smithsonian Institution"[1] ka ebipụtara na akwa mkpuchi ọ bụla iji zere ọgba aghara. Ha kwenyere ka ha machibido ire mmeputakwa quil na ụlọ ahịa onyinye ihe ngosi nka ma ọ bụ ụdị katalọgụ ọ bụla, wee nweta ụlọ ọrụ abụọ ụlọ, Cabin Creek Quilters na Appalachia na Missouri Breaks, otu dabere na ndoputa Lakota Sioux. Iji gbochie ụdị esemokwu dị otú ahụ n'ọdịnihu, Smithsonian malitekwara ịme ọgbakọ ọha na-akwalite mkparịta ụka na nyocha ọzọ gbasara omume ọma dị ka ihe metụtara mmeputakwa nka. === ''Ihe osise Quilt 1898'' === [[Usòrò:PowersBibleQuilt_1898.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|200x200px|Ihe osise, Mixed Media. 1898]] Pictorial Quilt (na-atụle in, 1,750 mm), nke e wuchara na 1889, ejiri ogho rụọ ya ma jiri usoro appliqué mee ya.  E nwere 15 otu nha, ma ọ bụ square, nke a haziri n'ahịrị atọ nke ise. E nwere ihe oyiyi 10 nke Bible, ihe nkiri akụkọ ihe mere eme anọ, na nkuzi omume. A naghị ahazi ihe nkiri ndị ahụ n'usoro, mana a na-etinye ha na mberede na-agwakọta ihe nkiri Bible na akụkọ ihe mere eme.<ref name=":8"/><ref name=":7">{{Cite book|author=Vlach|first=John Michael|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/3608807|title=The Afro-American tradition in decorative arts|date=1978|publisher=University of Georgia Press|others=Cleveland Museum of Art|isbn=0-910386-39-0|location=Cleveland|oclc=3608807}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFVlach1978">Vlach, John Michael (1978). [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/3608807 ''The Afro-American tradition in decorative arts'']. Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland: University of Georgia Press. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Ihe pụrụ iche:BookSources/0-910386-39-0|<bdi>0-910386-39-0</bdi>]]. [[OCLC (ihe njirimara)|OCLC]]&nbsp;[https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/3608807 3608807].</cite></ref> N’ime akụkọ 10 Baịbụl e sere, atọ na-ezo aka n’otú Chineke kere ihe niile e kere eke abụọ abụọ (Panel 7, 9, and 14). Akụkọ ndị ọzọ gụnyere Adam na Iv na agwọ ahụ (Panel 4), Mozis na agwọ ahụ (Panel 3), Jona na whale (Panel 6), Job na-ekpe ekpere maka ndị iro ya (Panel 1), ndị mmụọ ozi nke ọnụma na ọkwa asaa ahụ. (Isi nke 10), na ihe ngosi abụọ sitere na ndụ Jizọs (Isi nke 5 na 15). Mpempe akwụkwọ akụkọ ihe mere eme anọ ahụ gosipụtara ihe omume okike masịrị ndị America wee bụrụ akụkụ nke ọdịnala ọnụ, ụfọdụ n'ime ha mere tupu a mụọ Powers. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, Panel 2 nke na-egosi Ụbọchị Ọchịchịrị nke May 19, 1780, ụbọchị gbara ọchịchịrị yiri ka anwụchiela (nke a kpatara ya bụ anwụrụ ọkụ na ntụ sitere na ọkụ ọhịa na Canada); yana, Panel 8 nke na-anọchi anya Leonid meteor ịsa ahụ nke 1833. Panel 11 na-egosi 'Cold Thursday,' February 10, 1895. Ebe Powers portrays ndị mmadụ oyi kpọnwụrụ na ha egwu. Panel 12 na-anọchite anya abalị Red Light nke 1846. Ogwe 13 bụ nkuzi omume ọma ma gosipụta ndị ọgaranya abụọ e nyere ntaramahụhụ ebighi ebi maka amaghị ihe ọ bụla banyere Chineke. Kọmitii ahụ na-egosikwa ezì a sịrị na ọ si Georgia gaa Virginia.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Cole|first=Thomas B.|date=2014-11-19|title=Pictorial Quilt: Harriet Powers|url=https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2013.279853|journal=JAMA|volume=312|issue=19|pages=1952–1953|doi=10.1001/jama.2013.279853|pmid=25399258|issn=0098-7484}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=McCaskill|first=Barbara|url=http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=GVRL&sw=w&v=2.1&it=r&id=GALE%7CCX3444701026&asid=0a7b4260694c9dc71a678fa112710e35|title=Encyclopedia of African-American culture and history : the Black experience in the Americas|date=2006|publisher=Macmillan Reference USA|isbn=0028658167|edition=2nd|location=Detroit|pages=1830–1831|accessdate=October 26, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Cole, T. B.|date=2014|title=Pictorial Quilt|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_jama_2014-11-19_312_19/page/n10|journal=Journal of the American Medical Association|volume=312|issue=19|pages=1952–1953|doi=10.1001/jama.2013.279853|pmid=25399258}}</ref><ref name=":7"/> ==== Provenance ==== Dị ka akụkọ ihe mere eme ezinụlọ Cuthbert si kwuo, Reverend Charles Cuthbert Hall bụ otu "ụmụ nwanyị" na Mahadum Atlanta nyere ihe mkpuchi ahụ na 1898. Onye ozi Presbyterian ka a họpụtara dị ka onye isi oche nke Seminary Union na New York. Nwa ya nwoke Reverend Basil Douglas Hall (1888 - 1979) ketara ya ihe dịka 1961. Ndị na-anakọta Maxim na Martha Karolik zụrụ ọrụ ahụ na 1964, na-enye ya na Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, na ihe nketa. A na-egosi ya n'ebe ahụ.<ref name=":8"/> == Ụdị == Bible Quilt 1886 na Pictorial Quilt 1898 na-egosi ihe ndị dị na Bible na akụkọ ihe mere eme yana ihe ndị dị n'eluigwe. A na-eji aka na igwe dụkọta akwa abụọ ahụ, na-eji usoro appliqué na nke na-egosi ma mmetụta ndị Africa na America na ndị Africa.<ref name=":7"/> Ha bụ ndị a ma ama maka iji usoro ndị a na ịkọ akụkọ mee ihe. Jennie Smith dekọrọ okwu Harriet Powers maka square ọ bụla nke Pictorial Quilt. [Ihe odide ederede dị mkpa] Edere nkọwa ndị a na akwụkwọ mgbe enyere Reverend Cuthbert nke Mahadum Atlanta ihe mkpuchi ahụ. Dị ka ya ndetu, maka Leonid ma ọ bụ na-ada kpakpando square, Powers kwuru, sị, "Ndị mmadụ na-atụ egwu na-eche na ọgwụgwụ nke oge abịawo. aka Chineke stad kpakpando. The varmints gbapụrụ n'àkwà ha. "[1] Ọzọ. panel na-egosi 'ụbọchị gbara ọchịchịrị' Mee 19, 1780 (nke a na-achọpụta ugbu a dị ka anwụrụ ọkụ n'akụkọ ihe mere eme na North America nke Canada Wildfires kpatara). <ref name=":2">{{Cite book|author=Reed Miller|first=Rosemary E.|title=Threads of Time, The Fabric of History|url=https://archive.org/details/threadsoftimefab0000reed|publisher=T&S Press|year=2002|isbn=0-9709713-0-3|location=Washington, DC|pages=[https://archive.org/details/threadsoftimefab0000reed/page/32 32]}}</ref> Ndị ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme nka achọpụtala myirịta dị n'etiti mgbidi ngwa ngwa West Africa na ọrụ Powers. Yiri akwa akwa nke Benin etinyere, ọrụ Powers nwere akara ahaziri nke ọma na obere mgbanwe. Dị ka ihe atụ, ihe ka ọtụtụ ná ndị mmadụ, ma ndị nwoke ma ndị nwanyị, na Bible Quilt yiri ka e si n’otu ụkpụrụ mee. Ọnụ ọgụgụ ụmụ nwoke dị iche na nke nwanyị site na ịkpụcha ụdị V si uwe mwụda. Na mgbakwunye, ihe nnọchianya ya nke mmadụ, anụmanụ, na ihe dị ntakịrị ma weghara isi ihe dị na ọnụ ọgụgụ ahụ, na-eme ka ọrụ ya dị ka nke Fon, Asante, Fante, na Ewe mere.<ref name=":7"/> Onye edemede Floris Barnett Cash na-atụ aro na mmasị Powers na ihe nkiri eluigwe, akụkọ okpukpe, na ihe omume mbara igwe gosipụtara mgbanwe n'ime obodo ndị isi ojii ebe ọ bi. A na-ekerịta ozi ọha na eze, dị ka ịnụ okwuchukwu sitere n'aka ndị nkwusa kwa Sọnde, ma ọ bụ akụkọ, n'oge a na-ekpuchi uwe ma tinye ya n'ime uwe ya.<ref name=":0"/> Ndị nyocha ndị ọzọ atụwo aro na mmasị ndị ikike nwere n'ahụ ndị eluigwe metụtara nkwenye na mkpa okpukpe ha pụtara, [1] ma ọ bụ na ha nwere njikọ na otu òtù ụmụnna. Nkọwa ya banyere ihe mkpuchi abụọ ahụ adịlarị na ederede ndị ọzọ. O nwere ike ịbụ na ndị mmadụ na-edekọ ihe o kwuru metụtara mmetụta ya pụta. Ndị na-eme nchọpụta amụtala na Powers bụ onye gụrụ akwụkwọ, ma ọ pụkwara iji ihe mkpuchi ya mee ihe dị ka ngwá ọrụ nkuzi, n'ihi na ọtụtụ ndị obodo ya enweghị ike ịgụ ihe. == Ọnwụ, olili ozu na ncheta == Powers, "nwanyị Negro merela agadi nke ji ọtụtụ ndị Athens kpọrọ ihe," dị ka ọkwa ọnwụ ya si dị na Banner Athens, nwụrụ na January 1, 1910, nke oyi baa n'ụwa ma lie ya na ebe izu ike nke ndị America America, Gospel Pilgrim Cemetery na Atens.[1] N'afọ 2005, nwa akwụkwọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum Georgia, Cat Holmes, chọtaghachiri isi okwu maka Powers na di ya, Armsted, bụ nke ahịhịa tojuru etoju kpuchiri kemgbe ọtụtụ afọ.Ihe nrịbama ahụ jidere aha di na nwunye ahụ ma dị ihe dị ka 24 na × 15 na × 3⁄4 na (610 mm × 381 mm × 19 mm) yana “ọ dị ka ọ̀ bụ nwa nwoke Powers nke ọdụdụ, Marshall hiwere ya,” onye aha ya bụ n'oge ahụ. n'elu isi okwute.[1] Holmes anọwo na-achọ ili ma na-aga n'ihu ihe dị ka afọ abụọ. Na Christmas Eve 2004, Holmes na di ya, David Berle, onye prọfesọ ihe ọkụkụ na Mahadum Georgia, bụ ndị na-enyere aka na mweghachi maka ebe a na-eli ozu, nọ na-achọ ebe a "ka edoghị anya".Nke mbụ, ha chọtara akara maka Viola Powers ( ọgọ nwanyị) na mgbe otu awa gachara, isi okwu nke Power.[2]<ref name="Famous Grave Found">{{Cite news|author=Shearer|first=Lee|title=Famous grave found off Fourth Street: Digging through history; quilter remembered|work=Online Athens: Athens Banner-Herald|date=January 9, 2005}}</ref> Na Disemba 2023, a raara ihe ncheta ọhụrụ maka Harriet na Armstead Powers nye na Gospel Pilgrim Cemetery. Ọ bụ Women of Color Quilters Network kwadoro ncheta ahụ.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Carroll|first=Nell|title=PHOTOS: Revered quilter is honored in Athens|url=https://www.ajc.com/news/aajc-120423-powers-gallery/KEQB4FCAGBF3ZMHDSBK34LG5OA/|accessdate=5 January 2024|work=The Atlanta Journal-Constitution|date=4 Dec 2023|language=English}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=McCarthy|first=Rebecca|title=More than 100 years after her death, a revered quilter is honored in Athens|url=https://www.ajc.com/things-to-do/more-than-100-years-after-her-death-a-revered-quilter-is-honored-in-athens/IGHQP7IHJZAVBOL6QXKT76RLTY/|accessdate=5 January 2024|work=The Atlanta Journal-Constitution|date=4 Dec 2023|language=English}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Wood|first=Jesse|title=Ceremony held to commemorate Armstead and Harriet Powers' new headstone|url=https://www.redandblack.com/athensnews/ceremony-held-to-commemorate-armstead-and-harriet-powers-new-headstone/article_b8658318-923c-11ee-b574-8b2e1d8b3e20.html|accessdate=5 January 2024|work=The Red and Black|date=4 December 2023|language=en}}</ref> {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible" |+ ![[Usòrò:Gospel_Pilgrim_Cemetery_Historical_Marker.jpg|thumb|Ebe a na-eli ozu ndị njem ala nsọ]] ![[Usòrò:Ribbon_Wreath_Harriet_Powers_gravesite_Gospel_Pilgrim_Cemetery_Oct_31_2010.jpg|thumb|Okpueze eriri na ili Harriet Powers. A tọhapụrụ ya n'October 31, 2010.]] ![[Usòrò:Harriet_and_Armstead_Powers_headstone_front_side_Gospel_Pilgrim_Cemetery_Athens_GA.jpg|thumb|Harriet na Armstead Powers n'ihu nkume isi, raara nye na Disemba 2, 2023.]] ![[Usòrò:Harriet_and_Armstead_Powers_headstone_back_side_Gospel_Pilgrim_Cemetery_Athens_GA.jpg|thumb|Harriet na Armstead Powers isi nkume n'azụ ihe ncheta.]] |- |} == Nsọpụrụ ndị e nyere mgbe ọ nwụsịrị == N'afọ 2009, a nabatara Powers n'ime Georgia Women of Achievement Hall of Fame . <ref name="gwoa"/> N'October 2010, òtù dị iche iche dị na Athens, Georgia, mepụtara ọtụtụ ihe omume metụtara isiokwu bụ "Aka Ndị Pụrụ Ime: A Centennial Celebration of Harriet Powers." Ihe omume ndị a gụnyere ihe ngosi mkpuchi mkpuchi, ịkọ akụkọ, egwu egwu ozioma, ihe ngosi ihe ngosi, mmemme ụka ncheta na New Grove Baptist Church na Winterville, na ịga na saịtị ili Powers. <ref>" Stitch in Time," by Julie Philips, 'Athens Banner-Herald,'' October 24, 2010, ''</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Stitch in Time: 'Hands that Can Do' A Centennial Celebration of Harriet Powers|publisher=Athens Banner-Herald (GA)|date=October 24, 2010}}</ref> Onye isi obodo Athens-Clarke County Heidi Davison wepụtara nkwupụta na-akpọ October 30, 2010, dị ka Harriet Powers Day.   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2020)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> == N'omenala a ma ama == === Akwụkwọ ụmụaka === * Fader, Ellen (March 1, 1994). "Stitching Stars: The Story Quilts of Harriet Powers", The Horn Book Magazine. Izu ohi [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]&nbsp; * Herkert, Barbara, na Vanessa Brantley-Newton (onye na-ese ihe). ''Akụkọ ịkwa akwa: Njem Harriet Powers si n'ohu gaa n'onye na-ese ihe.'' New York: Knopf Books for Young Readers, 2015.   * Lyons, Mary E. ''Stitching Stars: Akụkọ Akụkọ nke Harriet Powers''. New York, NY: Aladdin Paperbacks, 1997.   [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&nbsp;[https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/38176225 38176225] === Ụkpụrụ Quilt === * Ike, Harriet. ''A Pattern Book: Dabere na Appliqué Quilt nke Mrs. Harriet Powers, American, 19th Century.'' Boston: Museum of Fine Arts, 1970.   [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&nbsp;[https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/6038345 6038345] * [[Regenia A. Perry|Perry, Regenia]] Akwụkwọ Bible nke Harriet Powers. New York: Rizzoli International, 1994.   [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&nbsp;[https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/29356836 29356836] * Hicks, Kyra E. ''The Lord's Supper Pattern Book: Imagining Harriet Powers' Lost Bible Story Quilt.'' [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]   [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&nbsp;[https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/779971630 779971630] === Ụlọ ihe nkiri === * Cavalieri, Grace. ''Ịchụ Anyanwụ.'' nke Smithsonian Institution na Visual Press nke Mahadum Maryland nyere iwu, 2000.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Artworks Summer 2002|url=https://archive.wvculture.org/arts/artworks/Summer02/quiltingsun.html|accessdate=2022-12-07|work=archive.wvculture.org|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221207011614/https://archive.wvculture.org/arts/artworks/Summer02/quiltingsun.html|archive-date=2022-12-07|url-status=dead}}</ref> ** Nke mbụ mere na New York City (2002) site na Xoregos Performing Company. == Hụkwa == * Ihe osise ndị Afrịka na America * Akpụkpọ anụ nke Baltimore * Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke akwa * Ịgbapụta * Ndepụta nke ndị ohu * [[Quilts of Gee's Bend|Ihe ndị dị na Gee's Bend]] == Ntuaka == {{Reflist}} == Ịgụ ihe ọzọ == * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] "Harriet Powers' Bible Quilts", The Clarion, Spring 1982, American Folk Art Museum. * Bobo, Jacqueline ''Black Feminist Cultural Criticism.'' [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Mbipụta. * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] &nbsp;E bipụtara afọ anọ mgbe ọnwụ Powers gasịrị, isiokwu Lucine Finch gụnyere foto nke Bible Quilt, nkọwa nke blọk ọ bụla, na (ma eleghị anya) ihe Powers kwuru.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Finch|first=Lucine|title=A Sermon in Patchwork|journal=The Outlook: With Illustrations|date=October 28, 1914|pages=493–495|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_G2Y3E7zo1sC&q=sermon+in+patchwork+&pg=PA1027|accessdate=November 4, 2017|language=en}}</ref> * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]   [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/0-7864-1374-3|0-7864-1374-3]] * Hicks, Kyra E. Nke a bụ ihe m rụzuru: Harriet Powers' Bible Quilt and Other Pieces, Black Threads Press, 2009.   [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0-9824796-5-0|978-0-9824796-5-0]] * Holmes, Catherine L., "The darling of her brain: the quilts of Harriett Powers" na Georgia Quilts: Piecing Together a History, University of Georgia Press, Athens, Georgia, 2006.   [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/9780820328997|9780820328997]] * {{Cite book|author=Perry, Regenia A.|title=''Selections of nineteenth-century Afro-American art''|location=New York|publisher=The Metropolitan Museum of Art|year=1972|url=http://libmma.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15324coll10/id/150414}} * Jacquiline L. Tobin na Raymond G. Dobard, Hidden in Plain View: A Secret Story of Quilts and the Underground Railroad (Anchor Books, 2000). == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.americaslibrary.gov/jb/reform/jb_reform_powers_1.html Onye na-eme ihe nkiri ọdịnala ndị Afrịka na America bụ Harriet Powers.] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20180605124344/http://www.historyofquilts.com/hpowers.html Harriet Powers: Ohu a tọhapụrụ na-akọ akụkọ site na Quilting.] Ihe E debereJune 5, 2018, naỤgbọ Mmiri Wayback * [https://web.archive.org/web/20210415153209/http://xroads.virginia.edu/~ug97/quilt/harriet.html Nkwado ndịda America: Harriet Powers.] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20210227040451/http://harriettpowers.net/Harriett_Powers_Film_Project/index.html Ọrụ ihe nkiri Harriet Powers.] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160307045748/http://americanhistory.si.edu/collections/search/object/nmah_556462 ''Akwụkwọ Nsọ''] <references /> [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 7wsxsu1e7tgsgd529pdsaovncrctgqu Hermann Hans Wetzler 0 50426 742086 515029 2026-10-30T14:03:25Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 742086 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Wetzler.jpg|thumb|Hermann Hans Wetzler]] '''Hermann Hans Wetzler''' (8 Septemba 1870 – 29 Mee 1943) bụ onye odee German-American. == Ndụ == A mụrụ Wetzler na Frankfurt, Germany. <ref>[https://zbcollections.ch/home/view/pdf.html?file=https%3A%2F%2Fzbcollections.ch%2Fhome%2Fapi%2FFile%2FGetFile%2F%3Fid%3D576244afb4c041ca997590c08ed8af40-29057%26version%3D1%26rendition%3DOriginal%26fileName%3DNachlassverzeichnis_Hermann_Hans_Wetzler.pdf Nachlassverzeichnis Hermann Hans Wetzler (1870–1943)] (PDF-file; 636kB)</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Zentralbibliothek Zürich – Musik|url=https://www.zb.uzh.ch/de/collections/musik|work=Zentralbibliothek Zürich|accessdate=24 November 2021}}</ref> Nna ya bụ onye Bohemia, nne ya bụ German. O tolitere na Chicago n'ọnọdụ ndị bara ọgaranya wee mụọ akwụkwọ na mbụ na Mahadum Cincinnati - College-Conservatory of Music, site na 1885 na Hoch Conservatory na Frankfurt piano na violin na Clara Schumann, Hugo Heermann, Bernhard Scholz, Iwan Knorr na Engelbert Humperdinck . <ref name="N-Bio">[https://web.archive.org/web/20201101131508/https://www.zbcollections.ch/home/#/content/c682f5502f2a49aabf1f978034aca7ae Biography] on ''ZB Collections''</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Zinfonia – Wetzler, Hermann Hans|url=https://www.zinfonia.com/zShowComposer.aspx?cid=15823|work=www.zinfonia.com|accessdate=24 November 2021|archivedate=24 November 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211124142347/https://www.zinfonia.com/zShowComposer.aspx?cid=15823}}</ref> <ref>Wege zur Musik, Max Niehans Verlag Zürich 1938 ([http://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:en:101:1-201401032831 Numerized])</ref> Na 1903, o jiri onyinye hiwere Wetzler Symphony Orchestra, nke Richard Strauss mere mpụta mbụ US na 1904 <ref name="N-Bio" /> wee malite ''Sinfonia Domestica'' ya. Na 1905 Wetzler laghachiri Germany ịrụ ọrụ dị ka Kapellmeister na Hamburg, Elberfeld, Riga, Halle, Lübeck na Cologne . <ref>Die Baskische Venus, Textbuch, Max Brockhaus Leipzig 1928 ([http://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:en:101:1-201401021607 Numerized])</ref> <ref>Die Baskische Venus, piano reduction by Otto Singer, Max Brockhaus Leipzig 1928 ([http://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:101:1-201401021614 Numerized])</ref> Mgbe emezigharịghị nkwekọrịta ikpeazụ ahụ na 1923, o biri na Cologne dị ka onye na-ede egwú na onye nduzi nweere onwe ya. O dere nnukwu ọrụ maka ndị egwu egwu site na 1917 na n'ikpeazụ kwa opera ''The Basque Venus'' dabere na libretto nwunye ya Lini Wetzler ''née'' Dienstbach (1876-1933). <ref>[https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/hermann-hans-wetzler Wetzler, Hermann Hans] on Treccani (in Italian)</ref> Na 1929, ọ kwagara Brissago, na 1932 na Basel, bụ ebe ọ gụrụ nkuzi na 1933, wee gaa Ascona . Na Jamanị, a machiri ya ịrụ ọrụ na 1935 n’ihi na o si malite onye Juu. Mgbe agha tisasịrị, ọ hapụrụ Switzerland wee biri na New York na 1940, ebe ọ nwụrụ na 29 May 1943 mgbe ọ dị afọ 72. Ala ya dị na Zentralbibliothek Zürich kemgbe 2006 ma nwee, na mgbakwunye na autographs egwu na ihe odide, gburugburu akwụkwọ ozi 10,000, nyocha 6000 na foto. == Ọrụ == * Theatermusik zu Shakespeares ''Wie es euch gefällt'' (1917), op. 7 * ''Weissenrode'', Symphonische Phantasie für Orchester (1922), op. 10 * ''Visionen'' maka Orchester (1923), op. 12 * ''Assisi'', Legende für Orchester (1924), op. 13 * ''Die baskische Venus'', Opera mgbe Prosper Mérimée (1928), op. 14 * ''Symphonie concertante'' for violin and orchestra (1932), op. 15 == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Hermann Hans Wetzler discography at Discogs jewxynsea96cuowhnq2fqliwnssxeix Judo na United States 0 50448 742100 181087 2026-10-30T22:09:38Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 742100 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:MikeSwain2010.jpg|thumb|Judo in the United States]]Enwere isi otu atọ na-achị judo na United States. United States Judo Federation (USJF) malitere na 1952. Ntinye uche nke USJF dị n'akụkụ ọwụwa anyanwụ na ọdịda anyanwụ, kamakwa na Chicago na Hawaii. United States Judo Association (USJA) tọrọ ntọala na 1968 dị ka ndọtị nke Armed Forces Judo Association (AFJA) mgbe ọ kwụsịrị na USJF iji lekwasị anya na nhazi nke Americanized. USJA gbadoro anya na California na Florida, mana ọ na-ewu ewu na Midwest na Ndịda Ọwụwa Anyanwụ. United States Judo, Inc. (USJI), na-azụ ahịa dị ka USA Judo, tọrọ ntọala na 1978 ma nwee isi ụlọ ọrụ ya na Colorado Springs, Colorado . Ọ dị ntakịrị ibu karịa USJA na USJF, ebe ha nwere ndị otu crossover sitere na otu abụọ a, ebe ọ bụ na ha bụ otu ọchịchị mba nke USOC maka asọmpi Olympic. == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == Onye isi ala Ulysses S. Grant hụrụ ngosipụta nke jujutsu site n'aka onye guzobere Judo Kanō Jigorọ na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ mgbe ọ gara Japan na 1879. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://martialhistoryteam.blogspot.com/2020/11/five-facts-about-1879-encounter-between.html|title=Five Facts about the 1879 Encounter Between Ulysses S. Grant and Kano Jigoro|work=martialhistoryteam.blogspot.com/|accessdate=2023-09-15}}</ref> Kano na nwa akwụkwọ ibe ya Godai Ryusaku rụrụ randori maka Grant na ndị otu ya. Na 1889, Kanō Jigorọ nyere ọtụtụ ndị America nkuzi gbasara nkà ihe ọmụma judo; Otú ọ dị, nkuzi ahụ enwechaghị mmetụta na uto judo bụ́ isi. Onye America mbụ gụrụ judo n'ezie bụ Prof. Ladd nke Mahadum Yale, na 1889. Ọ zụrụ ọzụzụ na Kodokan dị na Japan ihe dị ka afọ iri; Ka ọ na-erule 1908 ihe dị ka ndị America iri na atọ na-azụ ọzụzụ n'ebe ahụ. Na 1919, Prọfesọ John Dewey nke Mahadum Columbia bịara ileta Prof. Ladd na Master Kano, ọtụtụ afọ ka e mesịrị, ọ weghachiri ihe ọmụma ya na Columbia wee malite mmemme judo nke mbụ US. Mgbe ụfọdụ ụmụ akwụkwọ na-azụ ọzụzụ na Japan, e nwere ụfọdụ omume na US Judo malitere itolite ọzọ na 1950s mgbe achọrọ ya maka ndị agha ikuku US . Mgbe ọganihu ndị a gasịrị, a nabatara ya dị ka egwuregwu AAU, na enweela asọmpi na asọmpi mba kemgbe ahụ. United States hiwere otu egwuregwu Olympic na asọmpi na 1964 Summer Olympics, nke ọ na-aga n'ihu na-eme ruo taa. A na-eme Judo ugbu a site n'aka ndị ikom, ndị inyom na ụmụaka 100,000 America (25,000 debara aha na USJA, USJF na USA Judo). Ndị otu judo gọọmentị hibere na 50s na 60s. == Olimpik == United States abụghị nnukwu ike na asọmpi Judo mba ụwa. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://mmajunkie.com/2014/07/is-ronda-rousey-the-savior-judo-has-been-waiting-for|title=Is Ronda Rousey the savior judo has been waiting for?|work=MMAjunkie|accessdate=11 January 2015}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|author=Mihoces|first=Gary|title=U.S. judo making move to become powerhouse after medal grab|url=http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/sports/story/2012-08-03/Judo-US-Olympic-medals/56757648/1|accessdate=8 April 2014|work=usatoday.com|date=8 March 2012}}</ref> Kayla Harrison bụ onye America Judo Olympian kacha nwee ihe ịga nke ọma nwere ihe nrite ọla edo 2, <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/how-an-american-took-down-judo-1468945879|title=How an American Took Down Judo|first=Tom|author=Perrotta|date=19 July 2016|publisher=|accessdate=11 October 2016}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2016/aug/11/usa-kayla-harrison-judo-second-gold-olympics-rio-2016|title=USA's Kayla Harrison wins second straight Olympic judo gold|first=Les|author=Carpenter|date=11 August 2016|publisher=|accessdate=11 October 2016}}</ref> ebe Jimmy Pedro bụ nwoke Judo Olympian America kacha nwee ihe ịga nke ọma nwere ihe nrite ọla abụọ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.newburyportnews.com/sports/jimmy-pedro-and-his-dad-guardians-at-usa-judo-gate/article_0098ce2e-eb59-5f2e-9fed-12a56fa68c5e.html|title=Jimmy Pedro and his dad: Guardians at USA Judo gate &#124; Sports|publisher=newburyportnews.com|date=2016-08-14|accessdate=2016-08-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231029213510/https://www.newburyportnews.com/sports/jimmy-pedro-and-his-dad-guardians-at-usa-judo-gate/article_0098ce2e-eb59-5f2e-9fed-12a56fa68c5e.html|archive-date=2023-10-29|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} 3bmwfz8d0tc36bre0r5v4iim7go0vs5 Ihe Ụmụ nwanyị chọrọ (Australia) 0 50874 742088 184103 2026-10-30T16:15:25Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 742088 wikitext text/x-wiki Women Want bụ òtù ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Australia nke a malitere n'April 2007 nke, ebe nrụọrụ weebụ ya na-ekwu, "ebumnuche ya bụ ịbụ otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nwanyị mbụ nke Australia raara onwe ya nye ịkwalite okwu metụtara ụmụ nwanyị Australia". Ọ bụ Justine Caines, nne nke mmadụ isii na onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị si n'ime ime obodo New South Wales guzobere nzukọ ahụ. .<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.news.com.au/couriermail/story/0,23739,21485893-3102,00.html|title=Women's party is born|accessdate=2007-04-04|date=2 April 2007|publisher=Courier Mail|first=Margaret|author=Wenham|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091218190050/http://www.news.com.au/couriermail/story/0,23739,21485893-3102,00.html|archive-date=2009-12-18|url-status=dead}}</ref> Na ntuli aka nke afọ 2007, pati ahụ guzobere ndị na-azọ ọkwa Senate na ikike ọ bụla ma e wezụga Northern Territory, ma nweta ihe dịka ọkara pasent nke votu Senate na mba niile.<ref>Australian Electoral Commission, Virtual Tally Room, [http://results.aec.gov.au/13745/website/SenateStateFirstPrefsByGroup-13745-NAT.htm Senate Preferences by Group], retrieved November 2007</ref> Nkwekọrịta mmasị nke ABC kọrọ gosipụtara na mmasị nke otu ahụ na-aga na ndị Green (ma ọ bụ ma ọ bụrụ na ewepụghị onye Green, ALP). <ref>ABC, Australia Votes 2007, [http://www.abc.net.au/elections/federal/2007/results/senate/ Senate results], retrieved November 2007</ref> E wepụrụ òtù ahụ na 30 Machị 2010 mgbe ọ zaghị ọkwa Australian Electoral Commission iji melite ndekọ ndị otu ya.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Australian Electoral Commission|authorlink=Australian Electoral Commission|title=What Women Want|work=Deregistered political parties|publisher=Australian Electoral Commission|url=http://www.aec.gov.au/Parties_and_Representatives/Party_Registration/Deregistered_parties/www.htm|accessdate=20 July 2012}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} 4m8vpjl06alvdgjucjskiqfn4a0zrem Krismas jọgburu onwe ya 0 52995 742115 722114 2026-10-31T00:36:13Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 742115 wikitext text/x-wiki   ekeresimesi Savage bụ ihe nkiri ihe nkiri ihe nkiri na-atọ ọchị Australia 2023 nke Madeleine Dyer duziri, yana Darren Gilshenan na Helen Thomson mere. == Atụmatụ == Mgbe ọtụtụ afọ nkewa gasịrị, nwanyị transgender Davina Savage na enyi nwoke ọhụrụ ya laghachiri n'ụlọ maka Krismas. N'ịtụ anya na mgbanwe ya ga-abụ ihe a na-elekwasị anya, ihe nzuzo na ụgha ezinụlọ kpuchiri ya nke na-eyi ọ bụghị naanị ndụ ha egwu, kamakwa nri ehihie Krismas ọzọ. == Ndị na-eme ihe nkiri == * Darren Gilshenan dị ka Uncle Dick * Helen Thomson dị ka Brenda Savage * Ryan Morgan dị ka Jimmy Jnr * David Roberts dị ka James Savage * Thea Raveneau dị ka Davina Savage * Max Jahufer dị ka Kane Lowry * Rekha Ryan dị ka Leia Savage * Gary Sweet dị ka Peter * Rachel Griffiths dị ka Dr. Gabrielle == Mmepụta == A Savage Christmas bụ ihe ngosi izizi nke onye nduzi Australia bụ Madeleine Dyer . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.filmink.com.au/trailer-a-savage-christmas/|title=Trailer: A Savage Christmas|work=www.filmink.com.au|date=3 September 2023|accessdate=30 Sep 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.screenaustralia.gov.au/the-screen-guide/t/a-savage-christmas-2023/40788/|title=A Savage Christmas (2023) – the Screen Guide|work=Screen Australia|accessdate=29 July 2023|archivedate=29 July 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230729020951/https://www.screenaustralia.gov.au/the-screen-guide/t/a-savage-christmas-2023/40788/}}</ref> Ben McNeill na Daniel Mulvihill nke Roaring Entertainment mepụtara ihe nkiri ahụ, <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://variety.com/2023/film/news/trans-drama-film-a-savage-christmas-australia-1235504203/|title=Trans Drama Film 'A Savage Christmas' Under Way in Australia|work=www.variety.com|date=27 January 2023|accessdate=30 Sep 2023}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://screenqueensland.com.au/sq-news/latest-news/aussie-feature-a-savage-christmas-filming-now-in-queensland/|title=Aussie Feature A Savage Christmas Filming Now in Queensland|work=www.screenqueensland.com.au|date=22 January 2023|accessdate=29 July 2023}}</ref> nke malitere imepụta A Savage Christmas na ngwụcha afọ 2022.<ref name=":1" />{{Cite news|url=https://www.screenaustralia.gov.au/sa/media-centre/news/2023/01-23-savage-christmas-filming-now|title=Aussie feature a Savage Christmas filming now in Queensland – Screen Australia|date=29 January 2023|work=Screen Australia|accessdate=29 July 2023|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241007145133/https://www.screenaustralia.gov.au/sa/media-centre/news/2023/01-23-savage-christmas-filming-now|archive-date=7 October 2024|url-status=dead}}</ref> E sere ihe nkiri ahụ na Brisbane, Queensland. Dị ka ndị na-emepụta ihe si kwuo, "Akụkọ a bụ (sic) nke otu ndị obodo Queensland mepụtara n'ime ọtụtụ afọ ma na-anọchite anya ọtụtụ akụkọ onwe onye na ahụmịhe nke ndị isi ihe nkiri ahụ".<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.screenaustralia.gov.au/sa/media-centre/news/2023/01-23-savage-christmas-filming-now|title=Aussie feature a Savage Christmas filming now in Queensland – Screen Australia|date=29 January 2023|work=Screen Australia|accessdate=29 July 2023|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://web.archive.org/web/20241007145133/https://www.screenaustralia.gov.au/sa/media-centre/news/2023/01-23-savage-christmas-filming-now "Aussie feature a Savage Christmas filming now in Queensland – Screen Australia"]. ''Screen Australia''. 29 January 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 July</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> == Ntọhapụ == A Savage Christmas malitere na CinefestOZ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ 2023, <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://if.com.au/bring-him-to-me-a-savage-christmas-jules-headline-cinefestoz-lineup/|title=Bring Him to Me, A Savage Christmas, Jules headline CinefestOZ lineup|work=Inside Film|date=20 July 2023|language=en-US|accessdate=29 July 2023}}</ref> na Queensland premiere na 2023 Brisbane International Film Festival na Nọvemba 2023. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://concreteplayground.com/brisbane/arts-entertainment/brisbane-international-film-festival-2023-lineup|title=BIFF's Full 2023 Lineup Is here with a Paul Mescal-Starrign Romance and Taika Waititi's New Movie|work=Concrete Playground|date=20 September 2023|language=en-US|accessdate=30 Sep 2023}}</ref> E wepụtara ihe nkiri ahụ na sinima Australia-wide na 15 Nọvemba 2023, <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://if.com.au/a-savage-christmas-trailer/|title=A Savage Christmas (Trailer)|work=Inside Film|date=10 November 2023|language=en-US|accessdate=17 Nov 2023}}</ref> ma gosipụta ya na ikpo okwu Australia Binge na 15 Disemba 2023. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tvblackbox.com.au/page/2023/11/28/everything-new-streaming-this-december-2023-on-binge/|title=Everything new streaming this December 2023 on Binge|work=TV Blackbox|date=28 November 2023|language=en-US|accessdate=9 Dec 2023}}</ref> == Nzaghachi == === Mmeghachi omume === Peter Walkden nke Walkden Entertainment toro ihe nkiri ahụ wee nye ya kpakpando asaa, na-ekwupụta na "Site na mmalite, ahụrụ m onwe m ka m na-achị ọchị dị ka nwatakịrị ma na-anụ ụtọ ọtụtụ oge jọgburu onwe ya na-ekerịta n'etiti ọtụtụ ihe nkiri", na-agbakwụnye na ihe nkiri ahụ "na-eburu ihe na-atọ ụtọ. oge esemokwu na ihe nkiri mgbe ị na-egwu egwu na obere egwu, ọbụna karịa mgbe ọ bụla ndị na-eme ihe nkiri Darren Gilshenan na Gary Sweet pụtara na ihuenyo." nke ahụ na-adị ka iku ume nke ikuku ọhụrụ, na-akọwapụta na "akụkọ akụkọ ihuenyo David Roberts, Helen Thomson, na Darren Gilshenan na-edozi ihe ndị ahụ na-adabere na ya.. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.walkdenentertainment.com/a-savage-christmas-2023/|title=A SAVAGE CHRISTMAS (2023)|work=Walkden Entertainment|date=14 November 2023|language=en-US|accessdate=17 Nov 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Peirce|first=Andrew|url=https://www.thecurb.com.au/author/andrew/|title=A Savage Christmas Director Madeleine Dyer Talks About Crafting a Comedic Aussie Christmas in This Interview|work=[[The Curb (website)|The Curb]]|date=15 Nov 2023|accessdate=17 November 2023|archive-date=17 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231117064215/https://www.thecurb.com.au/author/andrew/|url-status=dead}}</ref> N'ide maka City Hub Sydney, Mark Morellini nyere ihe nkiri ahụ kpakpando atọ, na-ekwu "Nke a abụghị ihe nkiri mmefu ego dị elu, mana ọ na-etu ọnụ na ụkpụrụ mmepụta dị elu. Mgbawa nke mmetụta uche na ihe nkiri ikpeazụ bụ ihe na-atọ ọchị na isiokwu ndị na-emetụ n'ahụ, nke gụnyere mkpa mgbaghara na ezinụlọ, nwere ike ịmetụta ndị na-ege ntị. " <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://cityhub.com.au/a-savage-christmas-review/|title=A Savage Christmas – REVIEW|work=City Hub|date=14 November 2023|language=en-US|accessdate=17 Nov 2023}}</ref> Carla Huyssen nke Theatre Haus chịkọtara ihe nkiri ahụ dị ka "A little slow at times and punch on its only only the gender members, 'A Savage's even even even even at the publicity's, 'A savage'<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theatrehaus.com/2023/10/a-savage-christmas-bonsai-films/|title=A Savage Christmas – Bonsai Films|work=TheatreHaus|date=23 October 2023|language=en-US|accessdate=17 Nov 2023}}</ref> N'agbanyeghị na-eto ihe nkiri ahụ maka inwe obi ya n'ebe kwesịrị ekwesị, ma na-achọpụta na ihe nkiri ahụ na-edozi ọtụtụ ihe gbasara mmekọrịta ọha na eze na nke na-adọrọ mmasị, FilmInk's Robert D'Ottavi katọrọ ihe nkiri ahụ, na-ede "Ọ bụ ihe ị hụla otu nde ugboro gara aga, ewezuga. oge a, anwụ na-acha, bogan Queensland". === Ndị a nabatara === A Savage Christmas natara nhọpụta maka 2023 AACTA Award maka Best Indie Film na 13th kwa afọ AACTA Awards. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aacta.org/aacta-awards/winners-and-nominees/|title=Winners & Nominees AACTA Awards|work=www.aacta.org|accessdate=9 December 2023}}</ref> == Ebem si dee == ru3kpb24y9jzx08xv0e6c6hvxkvv9zt Luiza Gega 0 54590 742119 580724 2026-10-31T04:20:25Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 742119 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Databox}} [[Usòrò:2019-09-01_ISTAF_2019_2000_m_steeplechase_(Martin_Rulsch)_33_(cropped).jpg|thumb| Luiza Gega gbara ọsọ na 2000&nbsp;m steeplechase na nzukọ ISTAF Berlin 2019]] '''Luiza Gega''' (amụrụ 5 Nọvemba 1988) <ref name="WAprofile">{{Cite web|title=Luiza GEGA – Athlete Profile|url=https://worldathletics.org/athletes/albania/luiza-gega-14272917|work=[[World Athletics]]|accessdate=2021-01-01}}</ref> bụ onye Albania n'etiti na onye na-agba ọsọ ogologo oge bụ ọkachamara na steeplechase 3000 mita kemgbe 2016. == Ọrụ == Gega meriri ihe nrite ọla ọcha na ihe omume na asọmpi European 2016, yana ọla edo na 2022 na-edekọ ndekọ asọmpi na usoro ahụ. Ọlaọcha ya bụ ihe nrite Yurop nke Albania nke mbụ, ebe ọla edo ya bụ aha mbụ mba ahụ na asọmpi egwuregwu egwuregwu Europe . <ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-08-23|title=Auf Wiedersehen Munich! Hosts Germany’s best championships this century|url=https://www.european-athletics.com/news/auf-wiedersehen-munich-hosts-germany-s-best-championships-this-century|accessdate=2022-09-27|work=[[European Athletics]]|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240402071153/https://www.european-athletics.com/news/auf-wiedersehen-munich-hosts-germany-s-best-championships-this-century|archive-date=2024-04-02|url-status=dead}}</ref> Gega nọchiri anya Albania na asọmpi Rio 2016, na 2020 Tokyo Olympics, na-asọ mpi n'asọmpị steeplechase 3000 nke ụmụ nwanyị. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Athletics GEGA Luiza - Tokyo 2020 Olympics|url=https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/athletics/../../../en/results/athletics/athlete-profile-n1295287-gega-luiza.htm|accessdate=2021-10-16|work=olympics.com|language=en-us}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Athlete Luiza Gega crosses the 3000 m steeplechase final|url=https://www.ocnal.com/2021/08/athlete-luiza-gega-crosses-3000-m.html|accessdate=2021-10-16|work=Oculus News}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Anonym|title=Albanian athlete Luiza Gega finishes 13th in the world in the 3000m hurdles final {{!}} txtreport.com|url=https://www.txtreport.com/sports/2021-08-04-albanian-athlete-luiza-gega-finishes-13th-in-the-world-in-the-3000m-hurdles-final.BkzvWWOkK.html|accessdate=2021-10-16|work=www.txtreport.com|language=en|archivedate=2021-10-16|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211016202354/https://www.txtreport.com/sports/2021-08-04-albanian-athlete-luiza-gega-finishes-13th-in-the-world-in-the-3000m-hurdles-final.BkzvWWOkK.html}}</ref> Ọ gbara asọmpi na asọmpi egwuregwu ụwa nke 2019, gwụchara nke itoolu, yana na asọmpi egwuregwu ụwa nke 2022, gwụchara nke ise, ha abụọ na steeplechase 3000. Na 2022 ọ ghọrọ onye mmeri Europe na ọzụzụ ahụ, ebe na mbụ, na 2016, ọ na-agba ọsọ. Gega bụ onye njide ndekọ Albania na 800, 1500, 3000 (ndị atọ a na ime ụlọ), 5000, 10,000 mita, ọkara marathon na anya marathon yana 2000 na 3000 mita steeplechase. == Ndekọ asọmpi == {|{{AchievementTable|nation=ALB|Event=yes}} |- | rowspan=3 | 2011 | [[2011 European Athletics Indoor Championships|European Indoor Championships]] | [[Paris, France]] | 17th (h) | 800 m | [[2011 European Athletics Indoor Championships – Women's 800 metres|2:08.75]] |- | [[Athletics at the 2011 Summer Universiade|Universiade]] | [[Shenzhen, China]] | 7th (sf) | 800 m | [[Athletics at the 2011 Summer Universiade – Women's 800 metres|2:04.13]] |- | [[2011 World Championships in Athletics|World Championships]] | [[Daegu, South Korea]] | 28th (h) | 800 m | [[2011 World Championships in Athletics – Women's 800 metres|2:03.21]] |- | rowspan=2 | 2012 | [[2012 IAAF World Indoor Championships|World Indoor Championships]] | [[Istanbul, Turkey]] | 13th (h) | 1500 m | [[2012 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Women's 1500 metres|4:13.45]] |- | [[2012 European Athletics Championships|European Championships]] | [[Helsinki, Finland]] | 13th (h) | 1500 m | [[2012 European Athletics Championships – Women's 1500 metres|4:12.54]] |- | rowspan=5 | 2013 | [[2013 European Athletics Indoor Championships|European Indoor Championships]] | [[Gothenburg, Sweden]] | – | 800 m | [[2013 European Athletics Indoor Championships – Women's 800 metres|DQ]] |- | rowspan=2 | [[Athletics at the 2013 Mediterranean Games|Mediterranean Games]] | rowspan=2 | [[Mersin, Turkey]] | 4th | 800 m | [[Athletics at the 2013 Mediterranean Games – Results#800 metres 2|2:01.96]] {{AthAbbr|NR}} |- | bgcolor=silver | 2nd | 1500 m | [[Athletics at the 2013 Mediterranean Games – Results#1500 metres 2|4:05.63]] |- | [[Athletics at the 2013 Summer Universiade|Universiade]] | [[Kazan, Russia]] | bgcolor=silver | 2nd | 1500 m | [[Athletics at the 2013 Summer Universiade – Women's 1500 metres|4:08.71]] |- | [[2013 World Championships in Athletics|World Championships]] | [[Moscow, Russia]] | 19th (sf) | 1500 m | [[2013 World Championships in Athletics – Women's 1500 metres|4:08.79]] |- | rowspan=2 | 2014 | [[2014 IAAF World Indoor Championships|World Indoor Championships]] | [[Sopot, Poland]] | 6th | 1500 m | [[2014 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Women's 1500 metres|4:08.24]] |- | [[2014 European Athletics Championships|European Championships]] | [[Zürich, Switzerland]] | 11th (h) | 1500 m | [[2014 European Athletics Championships – Women's 1500 metres|4:12.25]] |- | rowspan=3 | 2015 | rowspan=2 | [[2015 European Games|European Games]]{{#tag:ref|The third league of the [[2015 European Team Championships]] | rowspan=2 | [[Baku, Azerbaijan]] | bgcolor=silver | 2nd | 800 m | [[2015 European Team Championships#Third League|2:02.36]] |- | bgcolor=gold | 1st | 1500 m | [[2015 European Team Championships#Third League|4:11.58]] |- | [[2015 World Championships in Athletics|World Championships]] | [[Beijing, China]] | 21st (h) | 1500 m | [[2015 World Championships in Athletics – Women's 1500 metres|4:09.36]] |- |rowspan=3|2016 |[[2016 IAAF World Indoor Championships|World Indoor Championships]] |[[Portland, Oregon|Portland, OR, United States]] |16th (h) |1500 m |[[2016 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Women's 1500 metres|4:16.12]] |- |[[2016 European Athletics Championships|European Championships]] |[[Amsterdam, Netherlands]] |bgcolor=silver|2nd |3000 m s'chase |[[2016 European Athletics Championships – Women's 3000 metres steeplechase|9:28.52]] NR |- |[[Athletics at the 2016 Summer Olympics|Olympic Games]] |[[Rio de Janeiro, Brazil]] |48th (h) |3000 m s'chase |[[Athletics at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Women's 3000 metres steeplechase|9:58.49]] |- |2017 |[[2017 European Athletics Indoor Championships|European Indoor Championships]] |[[Belgrade, Serbia]] |5th |1500 m |[[2017 European Athletics Indoor Championships – Women's 1500 metres|4:11.64]] |- |rowspan=3|2018 |[[2018 IAAF World Indoor Championships|World Indoor Championships]] |[[Birmingham, United Kingdom]] |17th (h) |1500 m |[[2018 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Women's 1500 metres|4:10.65]] |- |[[Athletics at the 2018 Mediterranean Games|Mediterranean Games]] |[[Tarragona, Spain]] |bgcolor=gold | 1st |3000 m s'chase |[[Athletics at the 2018 Mediterranean Games – Results#3000 metres steeplechase 2|9:27.73]] |- |[[2018 European Athletics Championships|European Championships]] |[[Berlin, Germany]] |4th |3000 m s'chase |[[2018 European Athletics Championships – Women's 3000 metres steeplechase|9:24.78]] |- |2019 |[[2019 World Athletics Championships|World Championships]] |[[Doha, Qatar]] |9th |3000 m s'chase |[[2019 World Athletics Championships – Women's 3000 metres steeplechase|9:19.93]] NR |- |2021 |[[Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics|Olympic Games]] |[[Tokyo, Japan]] |13th |3000 m s'chase |[[Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's 3000 metres steeplechase|9:34.10]] ({{AthAbbr|SB}} h) |- |rowspan=6|2022 |[[2022 World Athletics Indoor Championships|World Indoor Championships]] |[[Belgrade, Serbia]] |13th |3000 m |[[2022 World Athletics Indoor Championships – Women's 3000 metres|8:53.14]] |- |rowspan=2|[[2022 Balkan Athletics Championships|Balkan Championships]] |rowspan=2|[[Craiova, Romania]] |bgcolor=gold|1st |5000 m |[[2022 Balkan Athletics Championships#Women|15:16.47]] {{AthAbbr|CR}} NR |- |bgcolor=gold|1st |3000 m s'chase |[[2022 Balkan Athletics Championships#Women|9:17.89]] CR |- |[[Athletics at the 2022 Mediterranean Games|Mediterranean Games]] |[[Oran, Algeria]] |bgcolor=gold|1st |3000 m s'chase |[[Athletics at the 2022 Mediterranean Games – Results#3000 metres steeplechase 2|9:14.29]] {{AthAbbr|GR}} NR |- |[[2022 World Athletics Championships|World Championships]] |[[Eugene, Oregon|Eugene, United States]] |5th |3000 m s'chase |[[2022 World Athletics Championships – Women's 3000 metres steeplechase|9:10.04]] NR |- |[[2022 European Athletics Championships|European Championships]] |[[Munich, Germany]] |bgcolor=gold|1st |3000 m s'chase |[[2022 European Athletics Championships – Women's 3000 metres steeplechase|9:11.31]] CR |- |2023 |[[2023 World Athletics Championships|World Championships]] |[[Budapest, Hungary]] |8th |3000 m s'chase |[[2023 World Athletics Championships – Women's 3000 metres steeplechase|9:10.27]] |- |rowspan=2|2024 |[[2024 European Athletics Championships|European Championships]] |[[Rome, Italy]] |5th |3000 m s'chase |[[2024 European Athletics Championships – Women's 3000 metres steeplechase|9:22.92]] |- |[[Athletics at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Olympic Games]] |[[Paris, France]] |27th (h) |3000 m s'chase |[[Athletics at the 2024 Summer Olympics – Women's 3000 metres steeplechase|9:27.41]] |} == Ihe kacha mma nkeonwe == * 800 mita - 2:01.31 ( Tbilisi 2014) NR ** 800 mita ime ụlọ - 2:02.27 ( Piraeus 2013) NR * 1500 mita – 4:02.63 ( Doha 2015) NR ** 1500 mita ime ụlọ - 4:06.66 ( Istanbul 2017) NR * [[3000 mita]] – 8:46.61 ( Elbasan 2022) NR ** 3000 mita ime ụlọ - 8:44.46 ( Karlsruhe 2020) NR * 5000 mita – 15:16.47 ( Craiova 2022) NR * 10,000 mita – 32:16.25 ( Birmingham 2021) NR * 2000 mita steeplechase - 5:56.79 ( Zagreb 2023) NBP * 3000 mita steeplechase - 9:09.64 ( Zurich 2023) NR == Ihe ndetu == == Ntụaka == {{{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == {{S-start}} {{s-sports|oly}} {{succession box|before=[[Romela Begaj]]|title=[[List of flag bearers for Albania at the Olympics|Flagbearer]] for {{ALB}}|years=[[2016 Summer Olympics|Rio de Janeiro 2016]]<br />[[2020 Summer Olympics|Tokyo 2020]]|after=''Incumbent''}} {{S-end}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 8oqb7xuc4qk25o35ctz09wglm66og0k Mahmuda Khatun 0 54734 742121 193421 2026-10-31T05:12:33Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 742121 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Databox}} '''Mahmuda Khatun''' ( Bengali ) bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Bangladesh Nationalist Party na onye bụbu onye omeiwu Bangladesh nke oche ụmụ nwanyị echekwara. == Ọrụ == A họpụtara Khatun ka ọ bụrụ nzuko omeiwu site n'oche ụmụ nwanyị echekwabara dị ka onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Bangladesh Nationalist Party na 1979. <ref name="1979results">{{Cite web|url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/2nd.pdf|title=List of 2nd Parliament Members|work=Bangladesh Parliament|language=bn|accessdate=20 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180904090815/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/2nd.pdf|archive-date=4 September 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ntụaka == onye ndọrọ ndọrọ{{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] gm631n7ymcnttlf895om1ls7f3eis6g Maggie Alderson 0 59485 742120 205218 2026-10-31T04:55:09Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 742120 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faịlụ:Maggie_Alderson_at_Mosman_Library_(8123301190).jpg|thumb| Alderson na 2012]] '''Maggie Alderson''' (amụrụ 1959) bụ onye ode akwụkwọ Britain, onye nchịkọta akụkọ na onye odeakụkọ ejiji. Ọ bụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ mbụ nke ''ES'', akwụkwọ akụkọ ''Evening Standard'' (British Society of Magazine Editor, Editor of the Year, Color Supplements 1989) na akwụkwọ akụkọ British ''Elle'' . N'Australia, ọ bụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ ''Cleo'' na onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke ''Mode'' . == Agụmakwụkwọ == Alderson nwere MA na Art History sitere na Mahadum St Andrews . == Ọrụ == Alderson bụ onye nta akụkọ maka Fleet Street na 1980s. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2008-10-30|title=Breaking the mould|url=https://www.theage.com.au/entertainment/art-and-design/breaking-the-mould-20081030-ge7hio.html|accessdate=2024-05-28|work=The Age|language=en}}</ref> Na 1996 ọ sonyeere ''Sydney Morning Herald'' dị ka onye edemede ukwu na ruo ọtụtụ afọ kpuchiri ihe ngosi ejiji na Paris, Milan na London maka akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ. Kọlụm ya kwa izu, n'ụdị ejiji na ụdị ejiji rụrụ arụ, pụtara na ''Good Weekend'' (akwụkwọ akụkọ Satọdee nke ''Sydney Morning Herald'' na ''The Age'' akwụkwọ akụkọ) ihe karịrị afọ iri. O nwekwara kọlụm yiri nke ahụ na ''The Times'', na UK. Na 4 Nọvemba 2010, a mara ọkwa na kọlụm Alderson agaghịzi apụta na Ezi izu ụka. <ref>{{Cite web|work=www.theaustralian.com.au|url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/business/media/talk-is-alderson-not-the-only-casualty-in-gw-redesign/story-e6frg996-1225947778772|title=Alderson is not the only casualty in GW redesign, sources|access-date=2025-03-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101105194215/http://www.theaustralian.com.au/business/media/talk-is-alderson-not-the-only-casualty-in-gw-redesign/story-e6frg996-1225947778772|archive-date=2010-11-05|url-status=dead}}</ref> Nightmụ nwanyị na-ere ahịa nke mba ụwa n'usoro usoro anthology nke "chick lit" ya na onye edemede Jessica Adams na onye na-ede akwụkwọ akụkọ bụ Imogen Edwards-Jones mere ọtụtụ nde mmadụ maka ọrụ ebere War Child . Ọ bụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ, ya na Jessica Adams, Imogen Edwards-Jones na Kathy Lette, nke ''In Bed With'', nchịkọta akụkọ mkpirisi okwu mkparị nke ndị na-eduga ụmụ nwanyị na-ede akwụkwọ (Fay Weldon, Joanne Harris, Ali Smith, Esther Freud, Justine Picardie, n'etiti ndị ọzọ). == Ndụ onwe onye == O biri na Sydney afọ asatọ ma bụrụkwa nwa amaala Australia. <ref>{{Cite web|date=April 10, 2017|title=Vogue Book Club: The Scent of You|url=https://www.vogue.com.au/culture/vogue-book-club/vogue-book-club-the-scent-of-you/news-story/fd4f563335063c5cf3992831a7433b9a|accessdate=May 28, 2024|work=Vogue}}</ref> Ọ lụọla nwanyị na otu nwa nwanyị. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Lucy|first=Kippist|date=May 29, 2015|title=Maggie Alderson on motherhood, books and how to keep secrets|url=https://www.kidspot.com.au/parenting/maggie-alderson-on-motherhood-books-and-how-to-keep-secrets/news-story/7a8a1ae5939328fd3127f93cfe4867f8|work=Kidspot}}</ref> == Akwụkwọ akụkọ == * ''Pants na ọkụ'' (2000) * ''Na-ewe iwe banyere nwa nwoke'' (2002) * ''Akpa na Gladrags'' (2004) * ''Cents na nghọta'' (2006) * ''Otu esi agbaji obi nke gi'' (2008) * ''Anyị ga-agba egwu'' (2010) * ''Evangeline: Onye Enyemaka Onye Nkwanye'' (2011) * ''Ihe niile na-agbanwe ma gị'' (2012) * ''Ndebe nzuzo maka ndị mbido'' (2015) * ''Isi nke Gị'' (2017) == Ndị na-abụghị akụkọ ifo == * ''Ego akpụkpọ ụkwụ'' (1998) * ''Akpa Eluigwe'' (2001) * ''Ọkụ ndọda'' (2007) * ''Ihe ndetu ụdị'' (2011) == Ntụaka == <references /> [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] azsxv3lnn8r2l8u7m0mjo9j6jpf0mj9 Maryam Namazie 0 59865 742128 368904 2026-10-31T07:09:10Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 742128 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faịlụ:Maryam_Balie_2021_c.png|thumb|Maryam Namazie]] '''Maryam Namazie''' ( Persian ; amuru 1966) <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.volkskrant.nl/vk/nl/2686/Binnenland/article/detail/843807/2007/07/27/lsquo-Enorme-druk-op-liberale-moslims-rsquo.dhtml|title='Enorme druk op liberale moslims'|author=Groen|first=Janny|work=[[de Volkskrant]]|date=27 July 2007|accessdate=4 December 2013|language=nl}}</ref> bu onye [[Obodoézè Nà Ofú|mba Briten]] – Iranian secularist, onye na-akwado ndi Kọmunist na onye na -akwado ikike mmadụ, onye nkọwa na onye mgbasa ozi. <ref name="guardian">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/profile/maryam-namazie|title=Profile: Maryam Namazie|work=[[The Guardian]]|accessdate=1 December 2013|date=5 February 2009}}</ref> Ọ bụ ọnụ na-ekwuchitere Fitnah - ngagharị maka nnwere onwe ụmụ nwanyị, otu iwu maka mmadụ niile na Council of Ex-Muslims nke Britain. A maara ya maka ikwu okwu megide Islam na Islamism na ịgbachitere ikike nke ndapụ n'ezi ofufe na nkwulu. == Ndụ mbido == A mụrụ Namazie na Tehran nye Hushang na Mary Namazie, mana ya na ezinụlọ ya hapụrụ na 1980 ka mgbanwe 1979 gasịrị na Iran . <ref name="bbc-2007">{{Cite news|work=BBC|title=Ignore Islam, 'ex-Muslims' urge|first=Dominic|author=Casciani|date=21 June 2007|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/6224702.stm}}</ref> <ref name="1woman">{{Cite news|title=One woman's war|first=Nick|author=Cohen|authorlink=Nick Cohen|work=[[The Observer]]|date=16 October 2005|publisher=[[The Guardian]]|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2005/oct/16/gender.observercolumnists}}</ref> O mechara biri na [[Ndia|India]], [[Obodoézè Nà Ofú|United Kingdom]] na [[Njikọ̀taọ̀hà|United States]], ebe ọ malitere mahadum ya mgbe ọ dị afọ 17. <ref name="About">{{Cite web|url=https://centerforinquiry.org/speakers/namazie_maryam/|title=Speakers: Maryam Namazie|work=centerforinquiry.org|date=5 July 2018|publisher=Center for Inquiry|accessdate=4 August 2022|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220420040019/https://centerforinquiry.org/speakers/namazie_maryam/|archive-date=20 April 2022|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ọtụtụ n'ime ọrụ mbụ ya lekwasịrị anya n'ikike ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ, ọkachasị na Sudan, Turkey, na Iran, <ref name="About"/> na ọ na-agbasi mbọ ike megide iwu Sharia . <ref name="Sharia">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/law/2010/jul/05/sharia-law-religious-courts|title=What isn't wrong with Sharia law?|author=Maryam Namazie|work=The Guardian|date=5 July 2010|accessdate=1 December 2013}}</ref> A maara Namazie nke ọma n'etiti afọ 2000 maka ọkwa ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ya na nkatọ ya banyere mmeso ụmụ nwanyị nọ n'okpuru ọchịchị Alakụba. <ref name="guardian"/> N'afọ 2015, ndị otu na-akpọ ya ka ọ na-akpasu oke iwe megidere nkuzi ya. <ref name="Gilbert">{{Cite web|author=Gilbert|first=Simon|url=http://www.coventrytelegraph.net/news/coventry-news/speaker-banned-warwick-university-over-10136555|title=Speaker banned from Warwick University over fears of offending Islam|date=25 September 2015|accessdate=26 September 2015}}</ref> <ref name="guardian_26September2015">{{Cite news|author=Adams|first=Richard|title=Student union blocks speech by 'inflammatory' anti-sharia activist|url=https://www.theguardian.com/education/2015/sep/26/student-union-blocks-speech-activist-maryam-namazie-warwick|accessdate=26 September 2015|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=26 September 2015}}</ref> == Soro ndị kwabatara rụọ ọrụ == Namazie na mbụ ya na [[Ethiopia|ndị Etiopia]] gbara ọsọ ndụ na [[Sudan]] rụkọrọ ọrụ. Mgbe agha agha 1989 gasịrị mgbe e hiwere iwu Alakụba na Sudan, a chọtara nzukọ nzuzo ya na-agbachitere [[ikike mmadụ]], Human Rights Without Frontiers, na nchekwa Sudan na-eyi ya egwu wee hapụ obodo ahụ. Laa azụ na United States na 1990 ọ ghọrọ onye guzobere kọmitii maka enyemaka mmadụ nye ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ Iran (CHAIR). Na 1994 ọ na-arụ ọrụ na Iranian gbara ọsọ ndụ na [[Turkéy|Turkey]] ma mepụta ihe nkiri banyere ọnọdụ ha. A họpụtara Namazie onye isi oche nke International Federation of Iranian Refugees nwere alaka na mba iri abụọ. Ọ edugala ọtụtụ mkpọsa, ọkachasị megide mmebi ikike mmadụ nke ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ na Turkey. <ref name="About"/> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;&#x5D;</sup> O meela ihe omume site na telivishọn satịlaịtị na Bekee: TV International. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.newchannel.tv/englishTV/TVInternational.html|title=TV International English|publisher=New Channel TV|accessdate=6 December 2013|archivedate=13 December 2013|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20131213225156/http://www.newchannel.tv/englishTV/TVInternational.html}}</ref> == Ime ihe == [[Faịlụ:Maryam_Namazie_2019.jpg|thumb| Maryam Namazie na ogbako ekweghị na Chineke na Oslo, nke Ateistene na Norwegian Humanist Association haziri .]] Namazie agbaala mkpọsa maka secularism, ma katọọ Islam na Iran na mba ụwa gụnyere na [[Kánada|Canada]] na Britain, ebe ọ bi ugbu a. N'ọtụtụ akụkọ na nkwupụta ọha, ọ gbara aka mgba omenala na Islam ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị . Ndị National Secular Society nabatara ihe omume ndị a na 2005 Secularist of the Year award, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ onye mbụ nnata ya. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.secularism.org.uk/maryamnamazienamedsecularistofth.html|title=Maryam Namazie Named "Secularist of The Year"|publisher=National Secular Society|accessdate=4 August 2022|archivedate=6 November 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221106201109/https://www.secularism.org.uk/maryamnamazienamedsecularistofth.html}}</ref> N'oge ndị Anish Cartoon, ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị na-eme ihe nkiri iri na abụọ nke ''Manifesto:'' Tarshad Manji , Mahdima na Antoine [[:fr:Mehdi Mozaffari|Sfeir]], Antoine Sfeir, Philipen Sfeir, na Philippe Vary , m Bn Carlaq . Ihe ngosi ahụ si otú a malite: "Mgbe e merisịrị fasizim, Ọchịchị Nazi, na Stalinism, ụwa na-eche ihe iyi egwu ọhụrụ zuru ụwa ọnụ ihu: Islamism." <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://michellemalkin.com/2006/02/28/a-manifesto-against-islamism/|title=A Manifesto Against Islamism|author=The Twelve|work=[[Jyllands-Posten]]|date=28 February 2006|accessdate=1 December 2013}}</ref> Namazie kwuru na N'ajụjụ ọnụ 2006 na nzaghachi nke ọha na eze "bụ nke ukwuu. Ọtụtụ ndị na-eche na ụdị a manifesto bụ nke ukwuu n'oge, ma n'ezie e nwere na-emekarị ịkpọasị mail si Islamists." <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://maryamnamazie.blogspot.nl/2006/03/it-was-important-to-sign-manifesto.html|title=It was important to sign the manifesto|author=Maryam Namazie|publisher=Javanan Weekly|date=15 March 2006|accessdate=1 December 2013}}</ref> Namazie kwenyere na Britain kwesịrị machibido niqab, <ref>{{Cite web|date=2013-11-27|title=Britain should ban the niqab {{!}} Maryam Namazie|url=https://maryamnamazie.com/britain-should-ban-niqab/|accessdate=2023-11-18|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Namazie|first=Maryam|title=The Veil, Women's Rights and Political Islam|url=https://kvenrettindafelag.is/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/maryam_namazie__supufundur_krfi_2007.pdf}}</ref> na ndị inyom na-erubeghị afọ 18 kwesịrị ịmachibido iyi Hijab . <ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-11-27|title=The hijab: "preventing common impositions" {{!}} Maryam Namazie|url=https://maryamnamazie.com/the-hijab-preventing-common-impositions/|accessdate=2023-11-18|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=The hijab: "preventing common impositions" {{!}} Workers' Liberty|url=https://www.workersliberty.org/story/2019-11-27/hijab-preventing-common-impositions|accessdate=2023-11-18|work=www.workersliberty.org|language=en}}</ref> Maryam Namazie bụkwa ọnụ na-ekwuchitere ''Fitnah- Movement for Women's Liberation'', otu ngagharị iwe nke bụ, dị ka webụsaịtị ha si kwuo, "na-achọ nnwere onwe, nha anya, na okpukperechi ma na-akpọ maka njedebe nke omenala, okpukperechi, na ụkpụrụ omume na omenala na omenala, mkpuchi mmanye, ịkpa ókè agbụrụ, ịzụ ahịa mmekọahụ, na ime ihe ike megide ụmụ nwanyị." <ref>{{Cite web|date=30 April 2005|title=About Fitnah|url=http://fitnah.org/about_fitnah_english.html|accessdate=17 August 2014|work=Fitnah|archivedate=26 August 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140826115414/http://fitnah.org/about_fitnah_english.html}}</ref> Namazie na-ekwu na aha mmegharị ahụ " fitna ", megidere onye amụma Islam [[Muhammad]] bụ onye, Namazie na-ekwu, na-akọwa ụmụ nwanyị dịka isi iyi nke mmerụ na mkpagbu na hadith . Ọ na-akọwa na ọ bụ ezie na a na-aghọtakarị okwu ahụ dị ka ihe na-adịghị mma, eziokwu ahụ bụ na ndị inyom a na-akpọ ''fitnah'' bụ ndị "na-enupụ isi, ndị na-agafe ụkpụrụ, ndị na-ajụ, ndị na-eguzogide, ndị na-enupụ isi, ndị na-adịghị edo onwe ha n'okpuru" na-eme ka ọ dabara maka òtù nnwere onwe ụmụ nwanyị . Ọ kọwara na okike nke mmegharị ahụ sitere na mmegharị na mgbanwe nke oge a na gburugburu ụwa, ọkachasị ndị dị na Middle East na North Africa, n'agbanyeghị na ọ na-ekwusi ike na ''Fitnah'' nwere mkpa zuru ụwa ọnụ. <ref name="TokenSkeptic" /> Na September 2015, ụmụ akwụkwọ 'Union nke Warwick University machibido ya obere oge ikwu okwu na-abịanụ na campus nke Warwick Atheists, Secularists and Humanists' Society haziri n'ihi egwu na ọ nwere ike "kpalie ịkpọasị" nke mahadum Muslim ụmụ akwụkwọ. N'ajụjụ ọnụ ya na ''Coventry Telegraph'' ' Simon Gilbert, e hotara ya na-ekwu, sị: "Ọ na-ewe m iwe na a na-etinye anyị niile n'ime obere igbe nakwa na onye ọ bụla na-akatọ Islam ka a na-akpọ onye agbụrụ. <ref name="Gilbert"/> <ref name="guardian_26September2015"/> E wepụrụ mmachibido iwu ahụ ka ụbọchị ole na ole gachara. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.coventrytelegraph.net/news/coventry-news/ex-muslim-speakers-warwick-university-10145068#ICID=sharebar_twitter|title=Ex-Muslim speaker's Warwick University ban overturned following public pressure|work=Coventry Telegraph|date=27 September 2015|accessdate=28 September 2015}}</ref> Na Disemba 2015, o kwuru okwu banyere nkwulu na Mahadum Goldsmiths dị na London, nke ndị otu mahadum nke Atheist, Secularist na Humanist kwadoro. N'oge okwu ya, ndị otu Islamic Society nke mahadum kpatara ọgba aghara site n'ịgbanye na ịgbanyụ ihe ngosi PowerPoint ya mgbe Namazie gosipụtara katoon sitere na usoro ''Jesus na Mo'' . E boro ụfọdụ ụmụ akwụkwọ ahụ iyi egwu. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Liban|first=Jonis|url=http://www.londonstudent.coop/death-threats-goldsmiths-speaker-maryam-namazie/|title='Death Threats And Intimidation' At Controversial Goldsmiths Lecture With Speaker Maryam Namazie|accessdate=3 December 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151203223515/http://www.londonstudent.coop/death-threats-goldsmiths-speaker-maryam-namazie/|archivedate=2015-12-03}}</ref> Na nzaghachi na ihe ahụ merenụ, Ụlọ Ọrụ Feminist nke mahadum wepụtara nkwupụta na Tumblr, na-ekwupụta nkwado maka Islamic Society, na ịkatọ Atheist, Secularist and Humanist Society maka ịnabata "Ndị Islamophobes a maara" na-ekwu okwu na mahadum. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Goldsmiths Feminist Society Tumblr|url=http://goldfemsoc.tumblr.com/post/134396957048/goldsmiths-feminist-society-stands-in-solidarity|accessdate=11 February 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160122054253/http://goldfemsoc.tumblr.com/post/134396957048/goldsmiths-feminist-society-stands-in-solidarity|archivedate=22 January 2016}}</ref> Namazie bụ ọnụ na-ekwuchitere otu Iwu maka All na Council of Ex-Muslims nke Britain . <ref name="About"/> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ex-muslim.org.uk/contact/|title=Contact – Council of Ex-Muslims of Britain|date=22 July 2011|publisher=CEMB|accessdate=1 December 2013}}</ref> Namazie bụ onye mmekọ nsọpụrụ nke National Secular Society, <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.secularism.org.uk/honoraryassociates.html|title=National Secular Society Honorary Associates}} National Secular Society. Retrieved 5 June 2019</ref> <ref name="About" /> na onye nkwado nke Pink Triangle Trust . <ref name="About" /> O sokwa na kọmitii mba ụwa na-emegide ịtụ nkume . <ref name="Stoning">{{Cite web|url=http://www.maryamnamazie.com/campaigns/end_Stoning.html|title=International Committee against Stoning|date=11 July 2002|publisher=Maryam Namazie|accessdate=7 January 2014|archivedate=4 March 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304091546/http://www.maryamnamazie.com/campaigns/end_Stoning.html}}</ref> N'oge gara aga ọ na-abụ onye na-ekwuchitere Iran Solidarity, <ref name="guardian"/> na maka nha nhata ugbu a - Òtù Na-emegide ịkpa ókè ụmụ nwanyị na Iran, nke na-achọ ịgbachitere ikike ụmụ nwanyị na mgba megide "apartheid mmekọahụ" na Iran. == Ọchịchị == [[Faịlụ:WPI_Congress_8.JPG|thumb| Namazie na WPI Congress nke asatọ]] Maryam Namazie bụbu onye otu Central Committee nke Worker-Communist Party nke Iran, dị ka onye nchịkọta akụkọ maka ''Nyochaa Ọrụ-Communist'' . Ọ kwadoro echiche sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ nke ndị ọrụ Kọmunist, karịsịa nke onye ọkà mmụta sayensị Iran Mansoor Hekmat . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.wpiran.org/fa/index.php/leader.html|title=List of leaders elected at the 8th Congress of the Worker-communist Party of Iran in February 2012|publisher=Worker-communist Party of Iran|date=February 2012|accessdate=19 February 2013|archivedate=12 February 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130212043433/http://www.wpiran.org/fa/index.php/leader.html}}</ref> Maryam Namazie na Fariborz Pooya gbara arụkwaghịm na onye otu Worker-Communist Party nke Iran na 1 Jenụarị 2009. Onye odeakwụkwọ Kọmitii Central Hamid Taqvaie ji akwa ụta nakweere arụkwaghịm ha, na-ekwu na ndị otu ahụ 'ga-aga n'ihu na-akwado ọrụ mmekọrịta [ha] na mkpọsa megide Islam ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị', ma gosipụta olileanya na Namazie na Pooya ga-anọgide na-arụ ọrụ na mmemme ''Bread na Roses'' . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://rowzane.com/ca/article=81477|title=Communist Party's response to the resignations of comrades Maryam Namazie and Fariborz Pooya|author=Hamid Takhvai|publisher=Worker-communist Party of Iran|date=5 January 2009|accessdate=8 August 2019|language=fa|archivedate=9 February 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180209063052/http://rowzane.com/ca/article=81477}}</ref> Namazie na-ekewapụ onwe ya nke ukwuu n'ebe ndị otu na- emegide Islam, bụ ndị ọ naghị ewere dị ka ndị mmekọ, kama ndị iro kwa. <ref name="WAC">{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1sivAkHdV4Q|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140119094237/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1sivAkHdV4Q|archivedate=19 January 2014|title=Islamic Inquisition|work=World Atheist Convention 2011 Dublin|author=Maryam Namazie|publisher=YouTube|date=5 June 2011|accessdate=9 December 2013}}</ref> Na Nzukọ Mba Ụwa nke Atheist na Dublin na 2011, na-ezo aka n'akụkụ aka nri, o kwuru "ha dị ka ndị Islamist" nakwa na ndị Alakụba chọrọ nchebe nha anya n'okpuru iwu, ebe o kwusiri ike na ọ dị mkpa inwe ike ịkatọ okpukpe. <ref name="WAC" /> Ọ katọrọ mmegharị ahụ nke ọma mgbe mwakpo ndị na-eyi ọha egwu wakporo ụlọ alakụba dị na Christchurch, New Zealand, bụ nke wepụrụ ndụ mmadụ 50, na-ekwupụta na "Anyị na-akwado ndị Alakụba n'ebe ọ bụla na-eche ịkpa ókè, ime ihe ike na ụjọ". <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://maryamnamazie.com/outrage-at-christchurchmosqueattack|title=Outrage at #ChristchurchMosqueAttack}}</ref> == Na-arụ ọrụ == * Maryam Namazie, ''[http://www.onelawforall.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/New-Report-Sharia-Law-in-Britain_fixed.pdf Iwu Sharia na Britain: Ihe iyi egwu nye otu iwu maka mmadụ niile na ikike nhata] Archived'' (2010). Otu Iwu Maka mmadụ niile. * Adam Barnett & Maryam Namazie, ''[http://www.onelawforall.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/Enemies-not-Allies-web-version1.pdf Ndị iro abụghị ndị mmekọ: The Far-Right] Archived'' (2011). Otu Iwu Maka mmadụ niile. * Maryam Namazie, [[Nahla Mahmoud]], Atoosa Khatiri ea, ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20131207054229/http://ex-muslim.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/Apostasy_Report_Web1.pdf Ọnọdụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na nke iwu nke ndị si n'ezi ofufe dapụ na Islam] Archived'' (2013). Council of Ex-Muslim nke Britain. == Akwụkwọ akụkọ == E gosipụtara Namazie n'ime ihe nkiri akwụkwọ akụkọ ndị a: * ''N'etiti Ndị Na-ekweghị ekwe'' (2015), nke Dorothée Forma duziri, nke HUMAN mepụtara * ''Islam's Non-Believers'' (2016), nke Deeyah Khan duziri, nke Fuuse mepụtara == Hụkwa == * Mina Ahadi * Nkatọ Islam * Pragna Patel == Ntụaka == nwanyị China. Akwụkwọ nke abụọ nke Croll, Politics of Marriage in Contemporary China nke e bipụtara na 1981, wetara ọmụmụ ihe gbasara mmadụ gbasara mgbanwe ọchịchị. Ọ tụrụ aro ka mgbanwe alụm di na nwunye nke gọọmentị China dabere na mkpebi efu na nha anya mmekọahụ ga-esi ike ịmanye yana esemokwu n'etiti ndị agadi na steeti ga-emepụta. O mechara dee akwụkwọ bụ Food in the Domestic Economy in China (1983), Chinese Women{{Reflist|30em}} == Akwụkwọ akụkọ == * Benn, Piers. Nnwere onwe nke ọgụgụ isi na agha omenala. Germany, Springer International Publishing, 2020. == Njikọ mpụga ==    * Official website * [http://www.onelawforall.org.uk/ One Law For All – Campaign against Sharia Law in Britain] * [http://www.ex-muslim.org.uk Council of Ex-Muslims of Britain] [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] jntlglo9sp2ifjjq5cdiqxnb7r6b3y2 Kawango Agot 0 65393 742112 657622 2026-10-30T23:30:06Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 742112 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Kawango Agot''' bụ prọfesọ Kenya <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.the-star.co.ke/news/2016/05/27/vmmc-the-need-for-local-buy-in-and-own-funding_c1358197|title=VMMC: The need for local buy in and own funding|publisher=[[The Star (Kenya)|the-star.co.ke]]|date=27 May 2016|accessdate=29 June 2016|author=Diana Wangari|archivedate=25 June 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160625055306/http://www.the-star.co.ke/news/2016/05/27/vmmc-the-need-for-local-buy-in-and-own-funding_c1358197}}</ref> na Mahadum Nairobi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=LinkedIn Kenya: Log In or Sign Up|url=https://ke.linkedin.com/|work=LinkedIn Kenya: Log In or Sign Up|language=en|accessdate=2020-05-28}}</ref> Nnyocha Agot lekwasịrị anya na nje HIV, nnyefe HIV, na úgwù nke nwoke.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/829494|title=HIV Rates Lower in Women With Circumcised Partners|publisher=[[medscape.com]]|date=6 August 2014|accessdate=29 June 2016}}</ref> Ọ bụ Onye Nchịkọba Project nke ọrụ nyocha njikọ n'etiti mahadum ya na mahadum nke Illinois na Manitoba (UNIM), na-enyocha mmetụta ibi úgwù nwoke na-enwe n'etiti nje HIV na ụmụ okorobịa .<ref>{{Cite web|title=ResearchGate {{!}} Find and share research|url=https://www.researchgate.net/|work=ResearchGate|language=en|accessdate=2020-05-28}}</ref> Ọ bụ ọkachamara n'ọrịa HIV.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://news.trust.org//item/20140721144650-quat2/|title=What's male circumcision worth? In Kenya, it's food vouchers|first=Katie|author=Nguyen|publisher=[[Thomson Reuters Foundation]]|date=21 July 2014|accessdate=29 June 2016|archivedate=3 October 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161003225945/http://news.trust.org//item/20140721144650-quat2/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.postzambia.com/news.php?id=15825|title=Many circumcised Zambians have sex before they heal - researcher|publisher=[[The Post (Zambia)|postzambia.com]]|date=24 February 2016|accessdate=29 June 2016|author=Edwin Mbulo|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415040333/http://postzambia.com/news.php?id=15825|archivedate=15 April 2016}}</ref> Ọkà mmụta Fulbright, ọ nwetara akara ugo mmụta bachelor ya na Mahadum Nairobi, Master of Philosophy sitere na Mahadum Moi, yana PhD na MPH na Mahadum Washington .<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kawango Agot|url=http://na.eventscloud.com/ehome/index.php?eventid=91027&tabid=267292|work=na.eventscloud.com|accessdate=2020-05-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200930185638/https://na.eventscloud.com/ehome/index.php?eventid=91027&tabid=267292|archive-date=2020-09-30|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120406075036/http://www.cies.org/NCS/2004_2005/scholars/ncs_kagot.htm Kawango Agot], Mmemme Ọkammụta Ọhụrụ nke Fulbright . {{Authority control}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 0bwbi70bjt9azubdp64oo5jp4mv3s9o John Obaro 0 67017 742096 577324 2026-10-30T21:11:01Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 742096 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''John Tanimola Obaro''' bụ onye ọchụnta ego teknụzụ Naijiria, ọkà okwu ọha, na onye guzobere SystemSpecs Nigeria Limited . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.biznisafrica.co.za/john-obaro/|title=John Obaro, SystemSpecs MD and CEO|publisher=BizNis Africa|author=Zweli Sikhakhane|date=24 June 2014|accessdate=18 October 2025|archivedate=15 March 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170315002704/http://www.biznisafrica.co.za/john-obaro/}}</ref> == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == John Obaro bụ onye Kogi steeti. Ọ bụ onye agbụrụ Okun na [[Naijiria|Naịjirịa]], a mụrụ ya n'April 19, 1958. Ọ nwere afọ ntolite ya na [[Kano]] na [[Ilorin]], Kwara State, ebe ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ elementrị. Raphael Awoseyin "n'amaghị ama nwere mmetụta" na mkpebi Obaro ịmụ Sayensị Kọmputa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://kogireports.com/speech-okun-youth-development-and-the-national-equation-by-bode-adeyemi/|title=Speech: Okun Youth Development And The National Equation|publisher=Kogi Reports|author=Bode Adeyemi|date=30 November 2016}}</ref> Obaro gụrụ akwụkwọ praịmarị na Baptist School na [[Ilorin]], na sekọndrị ya, na Government Secondary School, Ilorin site na 1970 ruo 1974. Ọ bụ ebe a ka Awoseyin, onye nkuzi nwa oge n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ, kụziiri Obaro [[Ọmúmú-ónúọgụgụ|mgbakọ na mwepụ]]. Ọ kpaliri mmasị Obaro na isiokwu ahụ, ruo n'ókè nke na ya (Obaro) kpebiri ịmụ mgbakọ na mwepụ na sayensị kọmputa na mahadum. Obaro gara Kwara State College of Technology, nke a na-akpọzi Kwara State Polytechnic maka diplọma. Ọ gara [[Mahadum nke Ahmadu Bello|Mahadum Ahmadu Bello]] ebe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na klas nke abụọ dị elu na mgbakọ na mwepụ na sayensị kọmputa na 1979. Ọ gara n'ihu nweta [[Master nke Nchịkwa Azụmaahịa|MBA]] na [[University of Lagos|Mahadum Lagos]] na 1981. Ọ bụ onye gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Lagos Business School (LBS), Chief Executive Programme na Mahadum Pan-African, Nigeria, Lagos.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.blerf.org/index.php/biography/obarojohn-tanimola/|title=Who's Who in Nigeria:OBARO John Tanimola|date=10 January 2017|publisher=The Biographical Legacy & Research Foundation (BLERF), Nigeria}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ncs.org.ng/john-obaro/|title=John Obaro|publisher=Nigeria Computer Society|accessdate=2025-10-18|archivedate=2019-03-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306150052/http://www.ncs.org.ng/john-obaro/}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Obaro nwere ọrụ mbụ ya dị ka onye nkuzi nwa oge mgbe ọ na-achụso [[Master nke Nchịkwa Azụmaahịa|MBA]] ya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.howwemadeitinafrica.com/meet-the-boss-john-obaro-ceo-systemspecs/|title=Meet the Boss: John Obaro, CEO, SystemSpecs|publisher=How We Made in Africa|author=Jaco Maritz|date=28 May 2014}}</ref> Ọ malitere ọrụ ọkachamara ya dị ka onye na-ere kọmputa na Leventis Group site n'ebe ọ kwagara United Bank for Africa iji rụọ ọrụ na Systems Development nke ụlọ ọrụ ego ahụ. N'afọ 1984, ọ sonyeere International Merchant Bank of Nigeria, otu n'ime ụlọ akụ itinye ego mbụ na Naịjirịa, ebe ọ ghọrọ Onye isi nke Usoro Ozi. N'ọnọdụ ahụ, ọ duziri otu ndị mejupụtara ngwa ụlọ akụ mba ụwa mbụ nke Naịjirịa na netwọk jikọtara Lagos na steeti anọ ndị ọzọ. Site na nke a, John duziri otu ndị na-ebute ụzọ na ụlọ akụ na-anọ n'ịntanetị na Naịjirịa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ncs.org.ng/john-obaro/|title=John Obaro|publisher=Nigeria Computer Society|accessdate=2025-10-18|archivedate=2019-03-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306150052/http://www.ncs.org.ng/john-obaro/}}</ref> Ọ gara n'ihu chọta SystemSpecs Nigeria Limited, ụlọ ọrụ ọ zụlitere n'aka onye ọrụ mmadụ ise nke Systems Union, (nke bụ Infor ugbu a) na 1991 na ụlọ ọrụ nkà na ụzụ ego. Ndị a ma ama n'etiti ngwọta SystemSpecs mepụtara bụ Remita, HumanManager n'etiti ndị ọzọ. <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Prof. Bamiro|first=O. A.|date=February 2007|title=The Vision and Challenges of ICT Production in Africa: Software Production and Services|journal=African Economic Research Consortium|pages=10}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2016/12/22/obaro-remita-software-has-addressed-nigerias-financial-imbalance/|title=Obaro: Remita Software Has Addressed Nigeria's Financial Imbalance|publisher=ThisDay|author=Emma Okonji|date=22 December 2016}}</ref> == Nkwado, ọmụmụ ihe na ọrụ == Ọ na-agba mbọ ịkwalite na ịkwalite mmepe ngwanrọ mpaghara. O nyela ihe ngosi na okwu na-akwado inye ndị ntorobịa ike na ọchụnta ego IT. Obaro jere ozi na bọọdụ ndị minista ndụmọdụ ndụmọdụ na teknụzụ mgbasa ozi, Institute of Software Practitioners of Nigeria, Computer Professionals Registration Council of Nigeria (CPN), Nigerian Information Technology Drafing Committee, Council Governing of the National ICT Incubation Programme na ndị ọzọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.systemspecs.com.ng/about-us/people/john-obaro/|title=About us: John Obaro|work=SystemSpecs|accessdate=2025-10-18|archivedate=2019-08-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190805115548/http://www.systemspecs.com.ng/about-us/people/john-obaro/}}</ref> == Nsọpụrụ na mmata == A nabatara Obaro dị ka "Software Personality of the Year" na Nigeria Communication Week's Beacon of Information and Communications Technology (BoICT) Awards na Lagos na Eprel 23, 2016. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thecable.ng/remita-tsa-platform-get-international-award|title=Remita, the TSA platform, gets international award|publisher=The Cable|author=Mayowa Tijani|date=3 May 2016}}</ref> N'oge gara aga, ọ duuru ụlọ ọrụ ya gaa Glasgow, Scotland, ebe e nyere [[SystemSpecs]] onyinye "Leadership in Technology" nke Africa Forum Scotland kwadoro maka iji Remita "dị ka ngwá ọrụ nke mmepe mba na akụ na ụba". E nyere ya "onye otu nke Centre for African Policy, Development and Research, Scotland," ma nwee ebe nyocha n'azụ ya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.africanforumscotland.com/john-obaro-managing-director-of-systemspecs-was-inaugurated-as-a-fellow-of-the-centre-for-african-research-development-scotland-which-was-presented-by-h-e-ekwelle-ekaney-high-commissioner-for-c/|title=John Obaro – Managing Director of SystemSpecs was Inaugurated as a Fellow of the Centre for African Research & Development Scotland which was presented by H. E. Ekwelle Ekaney, High Commissioner for Cameroon in the UK|publisher=African Forum Scotland|date=23 June 2016|access-date=18 October 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200125051728/http://www.africanforumscotland.com/john-obaro-managing-director-of-systemspecs-was-inaugurated-as-a-fellow-of-the-centre-for-african-research-development-scotland-which-was-presented-by-h-e-ekwelle-ekaney-high-commissioner-for-c/|archive-date=25 January 2020|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://worldstagegroup.com/worldstagenew/index.php?active=news&newscid=29306&catid=31|title=SystemSpecs recognised for contribution to national development|publisher=World Stage Group|date=3 May 2016|accessdate=18 October 2025|archivedate=23 April 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180423170034/https://worldstagegroup.com/worldstagenew/index.php?active=news&newscid=29306&catid=31}}</ref> N'afọ 2015, ọ bụ onye mmeri nke 'Injinia Simeon Agu Prize for Best Software Entrepreneur' na National Information Technology Merit Award (NITMA), ihe omume kwa afọ nke Nigeria Computer Society (NCS) haziri. Enyere ya nzere IT Personality of the Year n'otu NITMA n'afọ 2013.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.brandcrunch.com.ng/bnrch/index.php/people/2590-john-obaro-wins-best-software-entrepreneur-awards|title=John Obaro Wins Best Software Entrepreneur Awards|publisher=Brand Crunch|author=O'Lekan Babatunde|date=12 January 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://nigeriacomputers.com/tech-news/special-recognition-award-citation-john-tani-obaro/|title=Special Recognition Award Citation John Tani Obaro|publisher=Brand Crunch|author=Jide Awe|date=5 December 2014}}</ref> Ọ pụtara dị ka 2018 FATE Model entrepreneur nke afọ dabere na ọrụ ya dị ka onye ọchụnta ego na onye na-eweta ihe ngwọta na SystemSpecs nke ọtụtụ ndị kwenyere na ha kwesịrị inweta onyinye ahụ. [1] Ụlọ ọrụ ya natara ihe nrite 'Next Bull' na 5th Nigerian Stocks Exchange/ BusinessDay Top CEO award na Lagos na Mee 10, 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.todaysecho.com/business/systemspecs-emerges-next-bulls-at-the-5th-nse-businessday-top-ceo-awards/|title=SystemSpecs emerges 'Next Bulls' at the 5th NSE/BusinessDay Top CEO Awards|publisher=Todays Echo|author=Dede Ifayemi|date=13 May 2019|accessdate=18 October 2025|archivedate=10 December 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221210010609/https://www.todaysecho.com/business/systemspecs-emerges-next-bulls-at-the-5th-nse-businessday-top-ceo-awards/}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na ise n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2024, Mahadum Kings, Odeomu, Osun State nyere ya nzere Doctor of Science (D.Sc.) na mmemme mkparịta ụka nke ise na nke isii nke ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ maka mmetụta ọ pụtara ìhè na teknụzụ ọhụrụ n'ime ụlọ ọrụ teknụzụ.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Partners|first=N. M.|date=2024-10-29|title=SystemSpecs founder John Obaro bags Honorary Doctorate for trailblazing impact in tech innovation|url=https://nairametrics.com/2024/10/29/systemspecs-founder-john-obaro-bags-honorary-doctorate-for-trailblazing-impact-in-tech-innovation/|accessdate=2024-10-30|work=Nairametrics|language=en-US}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 0t2t6fxk8hj6uyyq1aztvqlbv5swgtb Event:Asọmpi Mkpụrụokwu Narị Abụọ (Igbo Wiktionary 200 Words Challenge) 1728 67088 742110 516320 2026-10-30T23:24:44Z Onyinye Achukwu 9592 742110 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color:#333954; border:3px solid #6699A3; border-radius:3px; border-top:3px solid #0088A3; padding:3px;"> <div style="background-color:#FFF; padding:1em 2ex;"> <div style="background-color:#237654; border:3px solid #6699A3; border-radius:3px; border-top:3px solid #0088A3; padding:3px;"> <div style="background-color:#FFF; padding:1em 2ex;"> =={{Color|#CC5500|'''Aims '''}}== The writing contest '''Asọmpi Okwu Narị Abụọ''' will focus on the CREATION of Words, Phrases, Idioms and Proverbs on the '''Igbo WIKTIONARY'''. TARGETING community members writing at least 200 '''ENTRIES''' will INCREASE the NUMBER of words in Igbo '''WIKTIONARY'''. This project is also an '''OPPORTUNITY''' for new '''WIKTIONARY''' CONTRIBUTORS. == {{Color|#CC5500|'''Prizes '''}} == Gift vouchers will be awarded to the 10 highest '''CONTRIBUTORS''' at the end of the contest. 1st Prize 2nd Prize 3rd Prize 4th Prize 5th prize 6- 10th (Consolation Prize) == {{Color|#CC5500|'''Judging the contest '''}} == The judging of the contest will be point-based; the individuals with the highest points will be awarded the prize. The scoring system for the winners would be as follows: Five points (5.0) would be awarded for every new page created. 1 point will be awarded for improving an already existing word. == {{Color|#CC5500|'''List '''}} == [[Otú:Mmemme 2025]] 9wm8u6bhc7yt7yb6v0ws6rk4scb367d 742111 742110 2026-10-30T23:25:26Z Onyinye Achukwu 9592 742111 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color:#333954; border:3px solid #6699A3; border-radius:3px; border-top:3px solid #0088A3; padding:3px;"> <div style="background-color:#FFF; padding:1em 2ex;"> <div style="background-color:#237654; border:3px solid #6699A3; border-radius:3px; border-top:3px solid #0088A3; padding:3px;"> <div style="background-color:#FFF; padding:1em 2ex;"> =={{Color|#CC5500|'''Aims '''}}== The writing contest '''Asọmpi Okwu Narị Abụọ''' will focus on the CREATION of Words, Phrases, Idioms and Proverbs on the '''Igbo WIKTIONARY'''. TARGETING community members writing at least 200 '''ENTRIES''' will INCREASE the NUMBER of words in Igbo '''WIKTIONARY'''. This project is also an '''OPPORTUNITY''' for new '''WIKTIONARY''' CONTRIBUTORS. == {{Color|#CC5500|'''Prizes '''}} == Gift vouchers will be awarded to the 10 highest '''CONTRIBUTORS''' at the end of the contest. 1st Prize 2nd Prize 3rd Prize 4th Prize 5th prize 6- 10th (Consolation Prize) == {{Color|#CC5500|'''Judging the contest '''}} == The judging of the contest will be point-based; the individuals with the highest points will be awarded the prize. The scoring system for the winners would be as follows: Five points (5.0) would be awarded for every new page created. 1 point will be awarded for improving an already existing word. == {{Color|#CC5500|'''List '''}} == [[Otú:Mmemme 2026]] 2k39696wj3h6nnyj82z29bppkyhch9a Johnson Urama 0 67171 742097 577326 2026-10-30T21:19:43Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 742097 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Johnson Ozoemenam Urama''' (amụrụ na Julaị 1, 1965) bụ onye Naijiria Prọfesọ nke Fizik na Astronomy (Astrophysics) nke Mahadum Naijiria, Nsukka . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Professor Urama's Profile|url=https://staffprofile.unn.edu.ng/profile/3367|accessdate=2024-06-18|work=staffprofile.unn.edu.ng}}</ref> Ọ bụ Onye ọsụ ụzọ Dean, Ndị nkuzi nkè Sayensị na Teknụzụ , Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo (FUNAI) site na Ọktoba 2012 ruo Septemba 2013. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nduzi nke Academic Planning Unit na nkeNgalaba Nkwanye Ùgwù Dị Elu nke Mahadum Naịjirịa, Nsukka ma ọ bụ osote onye isi oche (Academic) nke otu mahadum ahụ.<ref name=":1"/><ref>{{Cite web|author=National Universities Commission|date=2021|title=Directory of Full Professors in the Nigerian University System|url=https://education.gov.ng/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/2021-Directory-of-Full-Professors-in-the-Nigerian-University-System-FINAL.pdf|access-date=2025-11-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260519012439/https://education.gov.ng/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/2021-Directory-of-Full-Professors-in-the-Nigerian-University-System-FINAL.pdf|archive-date=2026-05-19|url-status=dead}}</ref> Johnson Urama bụ onye ọrụ na-alọghachi na steeti n'oge ntuli aka gọvanọ Kogi Steeti na Naịjirịa na 2024. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Audu|first=Umar|date=2023-11-12|title=INEC declares APC's Ododo as winner of Kogi governorship election|url=https://dailynigerian.com/inec-declares-apc-ododo/|accessdate=2024-06-18|work=[[Daily Nigerian]]|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Sanni|first=Kunle|date=2023-11-12|title=Kogi Guber Poll: PDP, SDP agents protest alleged irregularities|url=https://gazettengr.com/kogi-guber-poll-pdp-sdp-agents-protest-alleged-irregularities/|accessdate=2024-06-18|work=Peoples Gazette Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Professor Johnson Urama – Independent Newspaper Nigeria|url=https://independent.ng/ododo-wins-in-kogi-diri-coasts-to-victory-in-bayelsa/professor-johnson-urama/|accessdate=2024-06-18|language=en-GB}}</ref> Dị ka ndepụta sayensị si kwuo, e depụtara ọrụ ya ugboro 650.<ref>{{Cite web|title=JO Urama - AD Scientific Index 2024|url=https://www.adscientificindex.com/scientist/jo-urama/100135|accessdate=2024-07-22|work=www.adscientificindex.com|archivedate=2024-07-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240722055209/https://www.adscientificindex.com/scientist/jo-urama/100135}}</ref> == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Johnson Urama na Julaị 1, 1965, na Ovoko, nke dị na okpúrù Igbo-Eze South L.G.A. nke Enugu State na Apollos Urama. Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na Igbo Eze ebe ọ ghọrọ onye mmeri sayensị maka ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọrịta abụọ.<ref name=":1"/> Urama gara Mahadum Naijiria, Nsukka site na 1982 ruo 1986, na-agụsị akwụkwọ na B.Sc. (Hons.) na Physics & Astronomy na inweta ihe nrite dị ka Best Graduating Student. O nwetakwara M.Sc. na Theoretical Solid State Physics na 1990 na Ph.D. na Astrophysics na 1999, nke dugara ya na mmeri nke Vice-Chancellor's Postgraduate award dị ka nwa akwụkwọ Doctoral (Ph.D.) kacha mma na Ngalaba nke Ahụ́ anụ ahụ nke Sayensị . <ref name=":1" /> == Ọrụ == Urama malitere ọrụ ya dị ka onye enyemaka nkuzi na Ngalaba nke Izugbe Ọmụmụ ihe, Anambra State (nke bụzi [[Federal Polytechnic, Oko|Federal) Polytechnic, Oko]] site na Nọvemba 1987 ruo Ọgọst 1991.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Urama CV|url=https://unnstaffprofile.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/cv/J_O_Urama_CV-Profile.pdf|work=University of Nigeria}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye nkuzi nke abụọ na Ngalaba Mmụta Sayensị, Anambra State College of Education, Awka site na Septemba 1991 ruo Machị 1992. Urama bụ osote onye nkuzi na Ngalaba nke Industrial Fizik, [[Enugu State University of Science and Technology]] site na Eprel 1992 ruo Nọvemba 1992. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nkuzi nke abụọ na Ngalaba Physics na Astronomy, Mahadum Naịjirịa Nsukka na Disemba 1992. Urama rịrị elu site n'ọkwa, ghọọ prọfesọ nke astrophysics na Ọktoba 1, 2007. <ref name=":1" /> <ref name=":0"/> Johnson Urama bụ Onye isi nke Ngalaba Physics na Astronomy nke Mahadum Naijiria n'oge dị iche iche (2011-2012; na 2015-2017). <ref>{{Cite web|title=Physics and Astronomy Department - Contact|url=https://physicalscs.unn.edu.ng/physics-and-astronomy-department-contact/|accessdate=2024-06-18|work=Faculty of Physical Sciences, University Of Nigeria Nsukka|language=en-US}}</ref> Site n'ọnwa Ọktoba afọ 2012 ruo Septemba afọ 2013, ọ nọ n'ọkwa onye ọsụ ụzọ Dean nke Faculty of Science and Technology na Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo (FUNAI). Mgbe ọrụ a gasịrị, ọ rụkwara ọrụ dị ka onye nduzi nke Ngalaba Nhazi Agụmakwụkwọ na Ngalaba Nkwenye Ogo na Mahadum Naịjirịa, Nsukka.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Akamigbo|first=Uju|date=November 2019|title=Pharmacy Alumni Gove Back to Their Alma Mater|url=https://www.unn.edu.ng/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/Download-November-December-2019-Edition-3.pdf|work=University of Nigeria Information Bulletin}}</ref> Ugbu a, ọ na-ejide ọkwa osote onye isi oche (Academic) na Mahadum Naịjirịa, Nsukka.<ref name=":1"/><ref>{{Cite web|date=January 21, 2024|title=UNN VC Pledges Sustainability of ACE-SPED Project as Team of Evaluators Visits|url=https://acespedunn.edu.ng/news/unn-vc-pledges-sustainability-of-ace-sped-project-as-team-of-evaluators-visits|work=ACESPED}}</ref> Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka Prọfesọ Guest na Mahadum Northern Arizona na Flagstaff, Arizona, na Ngalaba Physics & Astronomy, na-akụzi klas a na-akpọ AST 201: Okwu Mmalite nke weebụsaịtị mmụta mbara igwe nke ndị obodo na 2007 ruo 2009.<ref name=":1" /> Johnson Urama kwuru nkuzi mmalite na 188th nke Mahadum Naịjirịa, Nsukka nke isiokwu ya bụ, "Site na nzọụkwụ ha na-adịghị mma ị ga-ama ha: Akụkọ nke ụfọdụ anụ ahụ nwụrụ anwụ n'eluigwe" na Septemba 7, 2023. Urama jere ozi dị ka onye ọrụ na-alọghachi na steeti n'oge ntuli aka gọvanọ nke Kogi Steeti na 2024 nke Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) kwupụtara onye na-azọ ọkwa gọvanọ All Progressives Congress (APC), Ahmed Ododo, onye mmeri nke ntuli aka gọọmentị. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2023-11-13|title=Ododo Wins In Kogi, Diri Coasts To Victory In Bayelsa – Independent Newspaper Nigeria|url=https://independent.ng/ododo-wins-in-kogi-diri-coasts-to-victory-in-bayelsa/|accessdate=2024-06-18|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Ugwu|first=Francis|date=2023-11-12|title=Kogi Guber: 'Don't push me to use my powers' - Returning Officer warns SDP secretary|url=https://dailypost.ng/2023/11/12/kogi-guber-dont-push-me-to-use-my-powers-returning-officer-warns-sdp-secretary/|accessdate=2024-06-18|work=Daily Post Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref> Johnson Urama gbara ọsọ maka osote onye isi nke Mahadum Naịjirịa na June.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Ikem|first=Felix|date=June 8, 2024|title=Professor Ezeokonkwo emerges acting VC of UNN|url=https://sunnewsonline.com/prof-ezeokonkwo-emerges-acting-vc-of-unn/|work=[[The Sun (Nigeria)]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Report|first=Agency|date=2024-06-07|title=UNN elects acting vice-chancellor|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/more-news/701736-unn-elects-acting-vice-chancellor.html|accessdate=2024-06-18|work=Premium Times Nigeria|language=en}}</ref> == Enyemaka nyocha == Urama (ya na Jarita C. Holbrook na [[Thebe Medupe]]) malitere ọrụ ọdịbendị mbara igwe nke Africa. Dị ka otu isiokwu na-akọwa, "The African Cultural Astronomy Project na-ezube igwupụta ahụ nke ihe ọmụma ọdịnala nke ihe ndị dị na mbara igwe nke ndị agbụrụ dị iche iche nwere n'Africa na ịtụle nkọwa sayensị mgbe ọ dabara adaba maka cosmogonies na omume ndị dị na ya n'oge ochie. " <ref name=":2">{{Cite web|author=Urama|first=Johnson|date=2011|title=The African Cultural Astronomy Project|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/B607527CA4A74905F574C352E7ED8020/S1743921311002134a.pdf/the-african-cultural-astronomy-project.pdf|work=Cambridge University Press}}</ref> Ọ na-eju anya ịkpali mmasị na ihe ọmụma agbụrụ-agụ kpakpando n'Africa. Urama bụ onye nhazi nke African Cultural Astronomy Project . <ref>{{Cite web|date=2013-11-01|title=The moon's path is full of thorns: Fellows Friday with Johnson Urama {{!}} TED Blog|url=https://blog.ted.com/the-moons-path-is-full-of-thorns-fellows-friday-with-johnson-urama/|accessdate=2024-06-18|language=en-US}}</ref> N'abalị iri abụọ na itoolu n'ọnwa Machị n'afọ 2006, a na-ahụ chi jiri n'ehihie n'Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ Afrịka, ndị ọkà mmụta jiri ihe omume eluigwe a mee ihe dị ka ihe a na-elekwasị anya na nzukọ gbasara African Cultural Astronomy. Mgbe nzukọ ahụ gasịrị, a mụrụ African Cultural Astronomy Project.<ref name=":2" /> Akwụkwọ nke usoro sitere na nzukọ ahụ, nke ndị ọkà mmụta atọ ahụ dezigharịrị, na-eje ozi dị ka ihe enyemaka maka ndị na-eme nchọpụta banyere ọdịbendị na mbara igwe nwere mmasị ịme ọmụmụ na Africa.<ref name=":3">{{Cite book|url=https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-1-4020-6639-9|title=African Cultural Astronomy|language=en|doi=10.1007/978-1-4020-6639-9}}</ref> Akwụkwọ ahụ, nke akpọrọ, African Cultural Astronomy: Current Archaeoastronomy and Ethnoastronomy nyoputa na Africa, bụ nchịkọta agụmakwụkwọ mbụ nke isiokwu ndị a raara nye omenala mbara igwe nke ndị Afrịka.<ref name=":3" /><ref name="African Cultural Astronomy">{{Cite book|url=https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-1-4020-6639-9|title=African Cultural Astronomy|date=2008|isbn=978-1-4020-6638-2|series=Astrophysics and Space Science Proceedings|language=en|doi=10.1007/978-1-4020-6639-9}}</ref><ref name=":1"/> Ọ na-ejikọta nkà mmụta mbara igwe, anthropology, na ọmụmụ Afrịka, na-enyocha akụkọ ifo na akụkọ ifo ndị Afrịka gbasara eluigwe, njikọ ya na ihe ndị dị na mbara igwe n'ebe ndị e gwupụtara ihe na ebe ofufe, ihe osise nkume na-egosi isiokwu eluigwe, na ihe ọmụma sayensị doro anya na omenala ndị dị na kpakpando dị ka ethnomathematics na okike kalenda.<ref name=":3" /> Ndị na-enyocha mbara igwe Kim Malville, Johnson Urama, na Thebe Medupe, onye na-amụ banyere ihe ochie Felix Chami, na onye na-ahụ maka ọdịdị ala Michael Bonine, tinyere ọtụtụ ndị ọkà mmụta ndị ọzọ, nyere aka na isiokwu ndị ahụ. Ọrụ nkà mmụta mbara igwe nke ọdịbendị Afrịka, nke na-elekwasị anya na nyocha n'ime Afrịka, na-akwalite mpaghara nkà mmụta mbara ala nke ọdịbendụ Afrịka na-eto eto n'ime ngalaba nke nkà mmụta mbara ígwè ọdịbendị. Ahụmahụ na archaeoastronomy, anthropology ọdịbendị, na astronomy na-enye na mpaghara a site n'aka ndị ọkachamara na-eji ahụmịhe ndị a eme ihe n'ọrụ ha.<ref name=":3" /> == Ndị otu na mkpakọrịta == Urama bụ onye otu, [[International Astronomical Union]], na, onye otu, American Institute of Physics. Ọ bụkwa Onye , Òtù Ndị Na-ahụ Maka Agụmakwụkwọ nke Naịjirịa . <ref name=":0"/><ref name=":1"/> == Ndụ onwe onye == Ọ nụrụ Evelyn Ezugwu Urama na Disemba 14, 1996, ha nwekwara ụmụaka.<ref name=":1"/> == Akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ == * Jarita C. Holbrook, Johnson O. Urama na R. Thebe Medupe (2008). African Cultural Astronomy (Ghana Eclipse Conference) <ref>{{Cite web|author=Institution|first=Smithsonian|title=African cultural astronomy: current archaeoastronomy and ethnoastronomy research in Africa / Jarita C. Holbrook, R. Thebe Medupe, Johnson O. Urama editors|url=https://www.si.edu/object/siris_sil_1002999|accessdate=2024-06-18|work=Smithsonian Institution|language=en}}</ref><ref name="African Cultural Astronomy"/>''' ''' * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] "Diurnal na Mgbanwe Oge nke Mmegharị Elu Ala Na Naịjirịa". Ọganihu na Electromagnetics Research B. 30. Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Electromagnetics: 201-222.[20] * Shabanova T. V., Lyne A. G., na Urama J. O. (2001). "Ihe akaebe maka Free Precession na Pulsar B1642-03" (The American Astronomical Society). <ref>{{Cite journal|title=Evidence for Free Precession in the Pulsar B1642–03|url=https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/320438/meta|journal=The Astrophysical Journal|date=May 2001|volume=552|issue=1|doi=10.1086/320438|author=Shabanova|first=T. V.}}</ref> * Liu Z. Y., Wang N., Urama J. O. na Manchester R. N. (2006) "Nnyocha nke Pulse Intensity na Mode Changing maka PSR B0329+54" ''Chinese Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics.''<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Liu|first=Z. Y|date=October 2006|title=Monitoring of Pulse Intensity and Mode Changing for PSR B0329+54|url=https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1009-9271/6/S2/14|journal=Chinese Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics|volume=6|issue=S2|pages=64–67|doi=10.1088/1009-9271/6/s2/14|issn=1009-9271}}</ref> * Urama, J. O. (2002). "Ihe ịma aka nke nkà mmụta mbara igwe na Naijiria" ''Physica Scripta.'' . <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Urama|first=J. O.|date=2001|title=The Challenges of Astronomy in Nigeria|url=https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1238/Physica.Topical.097a00020|journal=Physica Scripta|volume=T97|issue=1|pages=20|doi=10.1238/physica.topical.097a00020|issn=0031-8949}}</ref> * Innocent Okwudili Eya, Johnson Ozoemene Urama na Augustine Ejikeme Chukwude (2019). "Na nkesa nke pulsar glitch sizes na oge inter-glitch", ''National Astronomical Observatories.'' <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Eya|first=Innocent Okwudili|date=2019-06-01|title=On the distributions of pulsar glitch sizes and the inter-glitch time intervals|url=https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1674-4527/19/6/89|journal=Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics|volume=19|issue=6|pages=089|doi=10.1088/1674-4527/19/6/89|issn=1674-4527}}</ref> == Njikọ mpụga == edepụta akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ nke Johnson Urama na onye ọkà mmụta google na ntinye 657. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Johnson O. Urama|url=https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=TemvFB8AAAAJ&hl=en|accessdate=2024-06-18|work=scholar.google.com}}</ref> == Edemsibia == [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi dị ndụ]] if28ofax7f2rcqb2du7e1glzucow6wy Gretel Killeen 0 72518 742082 721467 2026-10-30T12:30:53Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 742082 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Gretel Killeen''' (amụrụ na 3 Febụwarị 1963) <ref name="bio">{{Cite web|title=Gretel Killeen Wiki|publisher=Gretel-Killeen.com|url=http://www.gretel-killeen.com/wiki/index.php?title=Main_Page|accessdate=18 February 2009|archivedate=28 February 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090228211834/http://www.gretel-killeen.com/wiki/index.php?title=Main_Page}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye na-egosi mmemme telivishọn Australia, onye ama ama n’ọrụ mgbasa ozi, onye na-eme ihe ọchị (comedian) na onye edemede. A ma ama ya nke ọma dịka onye na-anabata (host) mmemme Big Brother Australia site na mmalite ya n’afọ 2001 ruo oge mmemme 2007 (tinyere Celebrity Big Brother n’afọ 2002). <ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.news.com.au/entertainment/tv/reality-tv/big-brother-reboot-rumours-would-gretel-killeen-like-the-reality-show-to-return-to-tv/news-story/70e4179bc6c463f57e1e6d0aac8f2386|title=Here's how Gretel Killeen feels about a new series of Big Brother|date=30 September 2019|work=News.com.au|accessdate=12 October 2019|author=Bucklow|first=Andrew}}</ref> Killeen kwadoro 2009 TV Week Logie Awards . <ref name="smh.com.au">{{Cite web|url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/celebrity/killeen-tries-to-forget-that-logies-experience-20090628-d13v.html|title=Killeen tries to forget THAT Logies experience|date=29 June 2009}}</ref> N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, a mara ọkwa ya dị ka onye ọbịa ọhụrụ nke The Traitors Australia <ref>{{Cite web|date=2025-09-28|title=Gretel Killeen to host The Traitors for 10 {{!}} TV Tonight|url=https://tvtonight.com.au/2025/09/gretel-killeen-to-host-the-traitors-for-10.html|accessdate=2026-01-27|work=tvtonight.com|language=en-AU}}</ref>   == Ọrụ == === Telivishọn === ==== N'etiti ehihie ==== Site na 1989 ruo 1991, Killeen bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri na Midday na Ray Martin na Nine Network . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.illawarramercury.com.au/story/5570199/gretel-killeen-heads-to-wollongong-with-her-comedy-show/|title=Gretel Killeen heads to Wollongong with her comedy show|author=Savage|first=Desiree|date=7 August 2018|work=Illawarra Mercury|language=en|accessdate=12 October 2019}}</ref> O dere ma pụtakwa n’ime skẹtch A Town Like Dallas, nke bụ ihe ọchị/parọdị (parody) nke ụdị ihe nkiri telivishọn soap opera. ==== Ụsọ oké osimiri ruo Ụsọ oké mmiri ==== N’afọ 1990, Terry Willesee, John Mangos na Killeen sonyere ọnụ dịka ndị na-anabata (hosts) mmemme Coast to Coast maka Nine Network mgbe Graham Kennedy hapụsịrị mmemme ahụ. Ma mmemme ahụ n'ụdị ọhụrụ ya adịteghị ogologo oge. ==== Big Brother ==== '''Killeen''' bụ onye na-anabata (host) mmemme '''Big Brother Australia''' site n’oge mbụ ya n’afọ '''2001'''. Ọ na-anabata mmemme ahụ n’oge niile ruo mgbe e rutere '''oge nke asaa (season 7)''' n’afọ '''2007'''. <ref name=":0"/> N'abalị iri abụọ na asatọ n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2007, akwụkwọ akụkọ ''The Sunday Telegraph'' kọrọ na, dịka akụkụ nke mmezigharị nke ihe ngosi ahụ, Kyle Sandilands na Jackie O si 2Day FM na-anọchi Killeen dị ka onye ọbịa. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.news.com.au/perthnow/story/0,21598,22659067-5005368,00.html|title=Big Brother evicts controversial host Gretel Killeen|accessdate=28 October 2007|date=27 October 2007|publisher=[[The Sunday Times (Western Australia)]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071030051153/http://www.news.com.au/perthnow/story/0%2C21598%2C22659067-5005368%2C00.html|archive-date=30 October 2007|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="GKAFBB">{{Cite news|first=Jonathon|author=Moran|url=http://www.news.com.au/entertainment/story/0,23663,22658060-10229,00.html|title=Gretel Killeen axed from Big Brother|accessdate=28 October 2007|date=28 October 2007|work=The Sunday Telegraph|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071028135652/http://www.news.com.au/entertainment/story/0,23663,22658060-10229,00.html|archive-date=28 October 2007|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==== Ndị A Na-agba Ya mgba okpuru ==== Na ngwụcha afọ 2025, a mara ọkwa ya dị ka onye ọbịa ọhụrụ nke The Traitors Australia, nke a ga-egosi na 2026. Ọ nọchiri Rodger Corser.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2025-09-28|title=Gretel Killeen to host The Traitors for 10 {{!}} TV Tonight|url=https://tvtonight.com.au/2025/09/gretel-killeen-to-host-the-traitors-for-10.html|accessdate=2026-01-27|work=tvtonight.com|language=en-AU}}</ref> ==== Ọrụ telivishọn ndị ọzọ ==== Killeen, ya na Daniel MacPherson, kwadoro ihe ngosi Sydney New Year's Eve 2006-07 nakwa emume Australia Day na 25 Jenụwarị 2006. Ọ bụkwa onye na-elekọta ihe nkiri Ten nke emume Ụbọchị Australia na 2007. N'afọ 2009, Killeen kwadoro Logies ma wụda ya n'elu ikpo okwu n'uwe mmụọ ozi.<ref name="smh.com.au"/> Ọ rụrụ ọrụ nọọsụ Angela Mercie na ihe omume abụọ nke usoro web [[YouTube]] The Horizon na 2013. <ref>{{Cite news|first=Nick|author=Bond|url=http://www.dnamagazine.com.au/articles/news.asp?news_id=20546|title=Two Sleeps Until The Horizon|date=30 October 2013|publisher=dnamagazine.com.au|accessdate=8 January 2014|archive-date=8 January 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140108220710/http://www.dnamagazine.com.au/articles/news.asp?news_id=20546|url-status=dead}}</ref> N'afọ 2015, Killeen sooro [[Matt Okine]] kwado usoro ihe nkiri ABC TV How Not to Behave . <ref>{{Cite news|title=How Not to Behave|url=http://about.abc.net.au/press-releases/how-not-to-behave/|accessdate=4 November 2015|publisher=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]]|date=4 June 2015}}</ref> N’afọ '''2019''', '''Killeen''' pụtara dịka onye asọmpi n’ụdị Australia nke '''The Masked Singer''' dịka '''Octopus''', ma e wepụrụ ya site n’ịtụ vootu n’ime '''akụkụ (episode) mbụ''' nke mmemme ahụ. Killeen bụ onye ọbịa oge niile na ihe ngosi ụtụtụ / okwu dịka; ''Studio 10'', Sunrise, Today ''Australia Taa'' Today Extra Australia na The Project. Killeen apụtawokwa na Beauty and the Beast, Midday, SlideShow, ''Good Morning Australia'', Celebrity Name Game, Q&A, Good News Week, You Have Been Watching na ''Talkin' 'Bout Your Generation''. N'afọ 2025, ya na nwa ya nwanyị Epiphany sonyere na ''The Amazing Race Australia: Celebrity Edition'' . <ref>{{Cite web|author=Thomas|first=Tia|date=2025-08-22|title=Meet the celebrity contestants joining The Amazing Race Australia in 2025|url=https://www.nowtolove.com.au/entertainment/the-amazing-race-australia-2025-contestants/|accessdate=2025-10-12|work=Now To Love|language=en-AU}}</ref> A chụpụrụ ha (wepụrụ ha n’asọmpi) mgbe leg nke iri na abụọ gachara, ma n’ozuzu ya, ha jiri ọnọdụ nke ise kwụsị asọmpi ahụ. === Redio === ==== Nova 100 ==== N’afọ 2003, Killeen nọchiri anya na Nova 100 n’ime mmemme Hughesy, Kate & Dave, mgbe Kate Langbroek nọ na ezumike ịmụ nwa (maternity leave). === Akwụkwọ edemede === Dị ka onye dere ọtụtụ akwụkwọ, <ref>{{Cite web|title=Gretel Killeen Wiki|publisher=Gretel-Killeen.com|url=http://www.gretel-killeen.com/wiki/index.php?title=Books|accessdate=18 February 2009|archivedate=6 March 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180306083233/http://www.gretel-killeen.com/wiki/index.php?title=Books}}</ref> {| border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" | valign="top" width="50%" | * The Night my Bum Dropped (2009),   * ''Otu esi ebi ndụ na Sausage na Bonnet'' (1991),   * Baby on Board: A Beginner's Guide to Pregnancy (1991),   * Akwụkwọ nduzi ọ bụla nke nwa agbọghọ (1992),   * Visible Panty Line (1998),   | valign="top" width="50%" | * ''Cherry Pie'' (1999),   * ''Gịnị ka anyị ga-enweta maka nne nne?'' (1999),   * ''Ị na-achị ọchị!'' (2001),   |- | colspan="2" | ==== Usoro Flora Trotter ==== |- | valign="top" width="50%" | * ''Ndụ M bụ Ụlọ Mposi'' (1994),   * Akwụkwọ ntụziaka 'My Life Is a Toilet': Olee otú ị ga-esi mee ihe ka ukwuu n'oge ndụ gị (1995),   * Ndụ m bụ Wedgie (2000),   | valign="top" width="50%" | * Ndụ m bụ Boob Tube (2002),   * Ndụ m bụ nwa agbọghọ (2003),   |- | colspan="2" | ==== Usoro My Sister ==== |- | valign="top" width="50%" | * ''Nwanne m nwanyị bụ Yoyo'' (1997),   * My Sister's an Alien (1998),   * My Sister's a Sea Slug (1999),   | valign="top" width="50%" | * My Sister's a Burp (1999),   * Nwanne m nwanyị a zuru oke (2000),   * My Sister's a Nightmare (2000),   |- | colspan="2" | ==== Hot Buns & Ophelia usoro ==== |- | colspan="2" | * ''Hot Buns & Ophelia Get a Bloke'' (2000),   * ''Hot Buns & Ophelia Get Shipwrecked'' (2001),   |- | colspan="2" | ==== Usoro nke Very Naughty Mother ==== |- | valign="top" width="50%" | * Nne Na-eme Ihe Ọjọọ Na-acha Ọcha (2002),   * ''Nne Na-eme Ihe Ọjọọ Na-agba ọsọ'' (2003),   | valign="top" width="50%" | * Nne Na-adịghị Ahụma A Na-adịghị A Na-ahụ Anya (2003),   * Nne Na-eme Ihe Ọjọọ bụ Onye Nledo (2004),   |} Killeen nwere cameo na ihe nkiri Australia ''Gettin' Square'' dị ka Rhonda Halliwell . <ref name="bio"/> Killeen pụtara dị ka onye na-akọ akụkọ na mmepụta ihe nkiri nke The Rocky Horror Show na Sydney na Melbourne na 2008 na Sydney na 2024. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.news.com.au/heraldsun/story/0,21985,23863738-662,00.html|title=Gretel loves freedom|accessdate=15 June 2008|date=15 June 2008|work=[[Herald Sun]]|first=Jonathon|author=Moran|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080618150913/http://www.news.com.au/heraldsun/story/0,21985,23863738-662,00.html|archive-date=18 June 2008|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.celebrityspeakers.com.au/brspeaker_bio.asp?Speaker_Index_Text=141|title=Professional Speaker Australia : Compere Speakers|work=www.celebrityspeakers.com.au|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040520113912/http://www.celebrityspeakers.com.au/brspeaker_bio.asp?Speaker_Index_Text=141|archivedate=2004-05-20}}</ref> A mụrụ Killeen na Sydney ma nwee ụmụ abụọ toro eto site na alụmdi na nwunye mbụ ya na Mark Morgan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newidea.com.au/gretel-killeen-how-well-do-you-know-her|title=Gretel Killeen: How Well Do You Know Her?|work=New Idea|date=29 November 2018|accessdate=12 October 2019}}</ref> === Ihe nrite Mo === The Australian Entertainment Mo Awards (commonly known informally as the [[Mo Awards]]), were annual Australian entertainment industry awards. They recognise achievements in live entertainment in Australia from 1975 to 2016. Gretel Killeen won one award in that time.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.moawards.com.au/awardwinners|title=MO Award Winners|website=Mo Awards|access-date=16 March 2022|archive-date=7 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220307064432/https://www.moawards.com.au/awardwinners|url-status=dead|accessdate=13 February 2026|archivedate=7 March 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220307064432/https://www.moawards.com.au/awardwinners}}</ref> {{awards table}} (wins only) |- | 2000 | Gretel Killeen | Female Comedy Performer of the Year | {{Won}} |- {{end}}{{Reflist}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] lkd8uiohbdvuh55pg3l33zdh41qfmq0 Kasong 0 72782 742108 735553 2026-10-30T23:21:02Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 742108 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Language|name=Kasong|states=[[Thailand]]|speakers=50|date=2008|familycolor=Austro-Asiatic|fam2=[[Pearic languages|Pearic]]|fam3=Chong|fam4=[[Central Chong language|Central Chong]]|iso3=none}} '''Kasong''', a makwaara ya na mbụ dị ka "Chong nke Trat", bụ asụsụ Pearic dị n'ihe ize ndụ nke ezinụlọ Austroasiatic a na-asụ na Bo Rai District <ref name="Sunee 2003">{{Cite journal|author=Sunee|first=Kamnuansin|date=2003|title=Syntactic Characteristics of Kasong: An Endangered Language of Thailand|url=http://sealang.net/sala/archives/pdf8/sunee2003syntactic.pdf|journal=[[Mon-Khmer Studies]]|volume=33|pages=167–182|accessdate=2015-12-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304114905/http://sealang.net/sala/archives/pdf8/sunee2003syntactic.pdf|archive-date=2016-03-04|url-status=dead}}</ref> Trat Province nke Thailand. Dabere na myirịta okwu nke ejiri ndepụta okwu dị mkpirikpi chọpụta, a na-ekewa Kasong dị ka olu asụsụ nke Central Chong. <ref name="Sidwell 2009">{{Cite book|author=Sidwell|first=Paul|url=https://www.academia.edu/1540105|title=Classifying the Austroasiatic Languages: History and State of the Art|date=2009|publisher=Lincom Europa|location=Muenchen|language=en|archive-date=2019-03-24|access-date=2026-02-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190324073527/https://www.academia.edu/1540105/Classifying_the_Austroasiatic_languages_history_and_state_of_the_art|url-status=dead}}</ref> Agbanyeghị, ọmụmụ ihe ndị ọzọ na ndepụta okwu ndị dị ogologo na-egosi na Kasong bụ asụsụ dị iche na Chong na Samre nke nwere njikọ chiri anya..<ref name="TNopp">{{Cite thesis |last=Noppawan |first=Thongkham |title=The Phonology of Kasong at Khlong Saeng Village, Danchumphon Sub-District, Bo Rai District, Trat Province |date=2003 |degree=MA |publisher=Mahidol University |url=http://sealang.net/archives/mahidol/Noppawan_Kasong_2003.pdf |isbn=974-04-3750-8 |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304203732/http://sealang.net/archives/mahidol/Noppawan_Kasong_2003.pdf |archive-date=2016-03-04}}</ref><ref name="Sunee 2003" /> Kasong fọrọ nke nta ka ọ nwụọ; enweghị asụsụ otu onye, ndị niile na-asụ asụsụ Thai bụ isi asụsụ ha. N'ime okwu ndị a nwalere, nnocha chọpụtara na pasent 55.38 nke asụsụ ahụ nwere okwu ndị a gbazitere na Thai. A na-achịkọta okwu ndị a n'ụdị abụọ: kpọmkwem site na Thai ma ọ bụ okwu Thai gbakwunyere na okwu Kasong dị ugbu a.<ref name="TNopp" /> Ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu a na-egosi ụzọ asụsụ ahụ nwere ike ịpụ n'anya ka Thai na-ewepụ ya. Ihe karịrị afọ iri ise gara aga, a machibidoro ndị Kasong niile iji asụsụ Kasong eme ihe n'ezinụlọ ha na ndị ọzọ n'ihi na ndị gọvanọ kwenyere na ịsụ Kasong na-egbochi ịsụ asụsụ Thai. N'ihi ya, ndị na-asụ Kasong kụziiri ụmụ ha Thai kama Kasong ihe.<ref name="TNopp" /> Ịhụ mba n'anya ndị Thai mere ka ndị Kasong mee ihere maka asụsụ ha ma ghara ichegbu onwe ha maka nchekwa ya..<ref name="TNopp" /> Asụsụ Kasong na ndị ya na-anọchite anya ọtụtụ ndị pere mpe bi na Thailand nwere asụsụ agbụrụ.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Joll|first=Chris|title=Language Loyalty and Loss in Malay South Thailand – From Ethno-Religious Rebellion to Ethno-Linguistic Angst?|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/280564560|language=en}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} 1u4f2xf6519cm0e694xo9xi9hct3uly Imelda Udoh 0 73233 742089 655818 2026-10-30T16:50:36Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 742089 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Imelda Icheji Lawrence Udoh''' (amụrụ n'April 24, 1960) bụ Prọfesọ nke Linguistics na Asụsụ Naijiria nke Faculty of Arts, Mahadum Uyo, Naijiria . <ref name="imelda" /> <ref name="imelda9" /> Ọ na-eje ozi dị ka onye isi oche nke Linguistic Association of Nigeria (LAN). <ref name="imelda3" /> Ọ bụkwa onye otu ndụ na Fellow nke Nigerian Academy of Letters . <ref name="imelda" /> <ref name="imelda2" /> <ref name="imelda4" /> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Nigerian Academy Of Letters Inducts 13 New Members {{!}} Independent Newspaper Nigeria|url=https://independent.ng/nigerian-academy-of-letters-inducts-13-new-members/|accessdate=2023-11-12|work=[[Independent Nigeria]]|date=18 August 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|author=Akoni|first=Olasunkanmi|date=January 2021|title=Ilesanmi, Abayomi, 6 others become fellows of Nigerian Academy of Letters|work=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)]]|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2021/01/ilesanmi-abayomi-6-others-become-fellows-of-nigerian-academy-of-letters/|accessdate=November 12, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=2021-08-15|title=Academy of Letters honours UI's Ag VC|url=https://guardian.ng/news/academy-of-letters-honours-uis-ag-vc/|accessdate=2023-11-12|work=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)]]|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=FULokoja|title=.:: Nigerian Academy of Letters Admits FUL VC, Prof. Akinwumi as NAL Fellow; M.S. Audu, Ibileye as New Members {{!}} Federal University Lokoja|url=https://www.fulokoja.edu.ng/news-page.php?i=434&a=breaking-nigerian-academy-of-letters-admits-ful-vc-prof-akinwumi-as-nal-fellow-ms-audu-ibileye-as-new-members|accessdate=2023-11-12|work=www.fulokoja.edu.ng|language=en}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye gụsịrị akwụkwọ na DAAD ma rụọ ọrụ dị ka Onye isi nke Ngalaba Linguistics na Asụsụ Naijiria site na 2010 ruo 2014, dị ka osote Dean nke Faculty of Arts site na 2010 gaa 2013, na osote onye nduzi, School of Continuing Education (2015-2016) nke Mahadum ahụ. <ref name="imelda" /> <ref name="imelda2" /> N'ime nnyocha ya, o kwuru na "asụsụ obodo Naịjirịa yiri ka ha na-anwụ n'ebe ụfọdụ, mana ha ka na-eto nke ọma n'ebe ndị ọzọ".<ref>{{Cite news|author=The Nation|date=February 14, 2014|title=Don makes case for indigenous languages|work=[[The Nation (Nigeria)]]|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/don-makes-case-for-indigenous-languages/|accessdate=November 12, 2023}}</ref> Udoh kwadoro maka nchebe nke asụsụ ụmụ amaala ndị a mgbe ọ na-enye 81st Inaugural Lecture nke Mahadum Uyo.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Odey|first=Patrick|date=2021-06-28|title=Don advocates protection of Nigeria's indigenous languages|url=https://punchng.com/don-advocates-protection-of-nigerias-indigenous-languages/|accessdate=2023-11-12|work=[[The Punch]]|language=en-US}}</ref> Udoh bụkwa onye otu Council of the West African Linguistic Society. A haziri festschrift iji sọpụrụ ya na 2019.<ref name="imelda6" /> == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Imelda Udoh na Eprel 24, 1960 na Adadama na [[Abi, Cross River|Abi]] Local Government Area nke Cross River State . <ref name="imelda4"/> Ọ gara St Bernard's Primary School, Adadama, Convent School, [[Ogoja]] na Convent School. N'afọ 1973, ọ gara Annunciation Girls" Juniorate, Ogoja ruo afọ anọ, wee nweta asambodo ụlọ akwụkwọ West African na [[Ogidi, Anambra|Ogidi]] Girls" Secondary School, Ogidi na Anambra State. Ọ gara Mahadum Calabar ebe ọ nwetara nzere bachelọ na asụsụ (1983); nzere masta na asụsụ (1986); na nzere doctor nke nkà ihe ọmụma (1998). Udoh nwetakwara asambodo na English Phonetics site na Mahadum College, London, n'otu afọ ahụ.<ref name="imelda"/><ref name="imelda2"/><ref name="imelda4" /> O nwekwara asambodo na DIES/DAAD International Deans’ Course on Higher Education Management (Osnabrück University, Germany, 2012); Asambodo na Akwụkwọ Asụsụ (Mahadum Texas na Arlington, USA, 2014); na Asambodo na Global Academy in Teaching Excellence (Mahadum Wright State, Ohio, USA, 2015) <ref name="imelda4" /> == Ọrụ == E were Imelda Udoh n'ọrụ dịka osote onye nkuzi na Mahadum Cross River State n'afọ 1986. O mechara gaa Mahadum Calabar n'afọ 1987. Ọ laghachiri na Mahadum Uyo n'afọ 1989 wee ruo n'ọkwa prọfesọ nke asụsụ na asụsụ Naịjirịa n'afọ 2007. <ref name="imelda4"/> Ọ bụ onye ọbịa na-eme nnyocha na School of Oriental and African Studies, London, na 1996; ọkammụta nyocha na University College, London na 1999 na ọkammụta nleta postdoctoral na Mahadum California, Berkeley site na 2001 ruo 2002. Ọ bụ onye nkuzi na Institute of Collaborative Language Research (CoLang) na 2016 na Mahadum Alaska, Fairbanks, ebe o nyere usoro mmụta nke akpọrọ, "Akwụkwọ nke Orature".<ref>{{Cite web|author=Udoh|first=Imelda Icheji Lawrence|date=2016|title=Documentation of Orature|url=https://scholarworks.alaska.edu/bitstream/handle/11122/9646/Orature_Syllabus_3.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y|work=www.scholarworks.alaska.edu|accessdate=2026-03-09|archivedate=2024-03-31|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240331045532/https://scholarworks.alaska.edu/bitstream/handle/11122/9646/Orature_Syllabus_3.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y}}</ref> Ọ bụkwa onye nkuzi nleta na Mahadum Calabar site na 2007 ruo 2008 na 2016 ruo 2017.<ref name="imelda2"/> O kwuru okwu mmeghe nke 81 nke Mahadum Uyo nke akpọrọ, "Asụsụ ndị Naijiria dị ka Bricks For Building A National Identity". <ref>{{Cite web|title=81st Inaugural Lecture: Imelda Icheji Lawerence Udoh, Professor of Linguistics And Nigeria Languages – University Of Uyo|url=https://uniuyo.edu.ng/notice/81st-inaugural-lecture-imelda-icheji-lawerence-udoh-professor-of-linguistics-and-nigeria-languages-faculty-of-arts/|accessdate=2023-11-12|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-06-27|title=Don seeks for protection of indigenous languages in Nigeria|url=https://daybreak.ng/don-seeks-for-protection-of-indigenous-languages-in-nigeria/|accessdate=2023-11-12|work=Daybreak, Politics, Entertainment, Sport|language=en-US|archivedate=2024-12-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20241225134752/https://daybreak.ng/don-seeks-for-protection-of-indigenous-languages-in-nigeria/}}</ref> == Mmekọrịta na ndị otu == Udoh bụ onye otu na onye isi oche nke Linguistic Association of Nigeria site na 2021.<ref name="imelda3">{{Cite web|title=The Leadership – Linguistic Association of Nigeria|url=https://lan.org.ng/the-leadership/|accessdate=2023-11-12|work=lan.org.ng}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://lan.org.ng/the-leadership/ "The Leadership – Linguistic Association of Nigeria"]. ''lan.org.ng''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-11-12</span></span>.</cite></ref> Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka odeakwụkwọ nke Association site na 2004 ruo 2008, na osote onye isi oche nke Association site n'afọ 2016 ruo 2021. Ọ bụ onye otu ndụ na onye otu Nigerian Academy of Letters.<ref name="imelda"/><ref name="imelda2">{{Cite web|title=Imelda Icheji Lawrence Udoh|url=https://nalonline.org.ng/imelda-icheji-lawrence-udoh/|accessdate=2023-11-12|work=Nigerian Academy of Letters|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://nalonline.org.ng/imelda-icheji-lawrence-udoh/ "Imelda Icheji Lawrence Udoh"]. ''Nigerian Academy of Letters''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-11-12</span></span>.</cite></ref><ref name="imelda4">{{Cite web|title=3.ImeldaUdoh_CV_2020.. - Imelda Udoh.pdf|url=https://drive.google.com/file/d/15bAeWpvwuYvB5HniZBJfNjxXcL2BXn_D/view?usp=embed_facebook|accessdate=2023-11-12|work=Google Docs}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://drive.google.com/file/d/15bAeWpvwuYvB5HniZBJfNjxXcL2BXn_D/view?usp=embed_facebook "3.ImeldaUdoh_CV_2020.. - Imelda Udoh.pdf"]. ''Google Docs''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-11-12</span></span>.</cite></ref> na onye otu Council of the West African Linguistic Society (WALS); Reading Association of Nigeria (RAN), na Nigerian Language Teachers' Association (ANLAT). Ọ bụ onye gụsịrị akwụkwọ na DAAD; na onye otu ndụ, yana Fellow nke Nigerian Academy of Letters (FNAL). <ref name="imelda5" /> == Enyemaka nyocha == Site n'ọtụtụ ọrụ, gụnyere Nigerian Languages Project (NLP), Lower Cross Languages Project, Abidjan-Bielefeld-Uyo Introduction to Language Documentation (ABUILD) Project, Michigan State University kwadoro Electronic Metastructure for Endangered Language Data (E-MELD) wdg, Udoh emeela nnyocha dị ukwuu na nkọwa na asụsụ akwụkwọ gbasara asụsụ nke Upper na Lower Cross River nke a na-asụ na Akwa Ibom na Cross States nke Nigeria.<ref name="imelda5">{{Cite web|title=Indigenous Hands and Voices of African Identity – International Conference|url=https://www.s-deli.org/indigenous-hands-and-voices-of-african-identity/|accessdate=2023-11-12|work=S-DELI|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.s-deli.org/indigenous-hands-and-voices-of-african-identity/ "Indigenous Hands and Voices of African Identity – International Conference"]. ''S-DELI''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-11-12</span></span>.</cite></ref><ref name="imelda6">{{Cite web|title=CFP|url=https://easychair.org/cfp/festschriftforprofimeldaudoh60|accessdate=2023-11-12|work=easychair.org}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://easychair.org/cfp/festschriftforprofimeldaudoh60 "CFP"]. ''easychair.org''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-11-12</span></span>.</cite></ref> Ọrụ ya n'asụsụ dị iche iche dị ka Leggbó, Anaañ, Iko, Nkari, Ibibio, na Uda emeela ka e bipụta ọtụtụ akwụkwọ.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Hyman|first=Larry|date=2002-08-14|title=Leggbo Verb Inflection: A Semantic and Phonological Particle Analysis|url=https://journals.linguisticsociety.org/proceedings/index.php/BLS/article/view/3854|journal=Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society|volume=28|language=en|pages=399–410|doi=10.3765/bls.v28i1.3854|issn=2377-1666}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Udoh|first=Imelda Icheji Lawrence|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/369281167|title=The Languages of the Niger Delta Regions of Nigeria|publisher=Concept Publications Limited|year=2008|isbn=9789788406617|location=Lagos|pages=1–172|language=English}}</ref> Ọ na-ekwu maka asụsụ Upper Cross nke Cross-River State na asụsụ ndị pere mpe nke Naịjirịa, ọkachasị Leggbó . <ref name="imelda5" /> Otu n'ime akwụkwọ ndị o dezigharịrị na-akọwa asụsụ ndị dị na mpaghara ndịda nke Naịjirịa, gụnyere asụsụ ndị a na-asụ na Eleme, Rivers na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ. Mmasị nyocha ya ugbu a bụ na eserese asụsụ nke Naijiria site na iji teknụzụ Geographic Information Systems (GIS), nke ebumnuche ya bụ ịhazi na itinye n'ọrụ akụrụngwa mara ebe nke nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ n'oge, maka nkà mmụta asụsụ ka mma, na nlele anya nke ọnọdụ ndụ nke asụsụ. <ref name="imelda7" /> == Nhọpụta nchịkwa == Udoh served as Head of Department of Linguistics and Nigerian Languages, University of Uyo from 2010 to 2014, Vice Dean of the Faculty of Arts from 2010 to 2013 and Deputy Director, School of Continuing Education from 2015 to 2016 of the same University.<ref name="imelda">{{Cite web|author=National Universities Commission|date=2021|title=Directory of Full Professors in the Nigerian University System|url=https://education.gov.ng/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/2021-Directory-of-Full-Professors-in-the-Nigerian-University-System-FINAL.pdf|accessdate=November 12, 2023|work=education.gov.ng|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260519012439/https://education.gov.ng/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/2021-Directory-of-Full-Professors-in-the-Nigerian-University-System-FINAL.pdf|archive-date=May 19, 2026|url-status=dead}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFNational_Universities_Commission2021">National Universities Commission (2021). [https://web.archive.org/web/20260519012439/https://education.gov.ng/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/2021-Directory-of-Full-Professors-in-the-Nigerian-University-System-FINAL.pdf "Directory of Full Professors in the Nigerian University System"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. ''education.gov.ng''. p.&nbsp;183<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 12,</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref><ref name="imelda2"/><ref name="imelda4"/> Ọ rụọla ọrụ dịka onyeisi oche n'ọtụtụ mmemme nzere nke National Universities Commission, ọ rụkwara ọrụ dịka onye otu Governing Council nke Mahadum Uyo, site na 2015 ruo 2017, tinyekwara onye ọsụ ụzọ na Governing Council nke Mahadum Ritman, Ikot Ekpene, Akwa Ibom State, site na 2015 ruo 2019.<ref name="imelda" /><ref name="imelda2" /><ref name="imelda4" /> == Editorial nke akwụkwọ akụkọ agụmakwụkwọ == Udoh nwere isiokwu ndị ọgbọ nyochara maka mbipụta n'ọtụtụ akwụkwọ akụkọ mpaghara, mba, na mba ụwa nke ọ na-eje ozi na bọọdụ nchịkọta akụkọ. Site na 2005 ruo 2019, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka Onye isi nchịkọta akụkọ nke USEM Journal of Languages, Linguistics, and Literature. Na mgbakwunye, ọ na-eje ozi dị ka onye nchịkọta akụkọ ọbịa maka Journal of the Linguistic Association of Nigeria (JOLAN) na onye isi nchịkọta akụkọ nke Journal of Nigerian Languages Project (JNLP). <ref name="imelda3"/><ref name="imelda4"/> == Akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ == # Udoh, Imelda Icheji Lawrence (2016). "Globalization and the Preservation of Nigerian Languages", na Ozo-mekuri Ndimele (Ed.) Convergence: English and Nigerian Language: A Festschrift for Munzali A. Jibril. Naịjirịa: M & J Grand Orbit Communications. peeji nke 173-182.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctvh8r1h7|title=Convergence: English and Nigerian Languages: A Festschrift for Munzali A. Jibril|date=2016|publisher=M & J Grand Orbit Communications|doi=10.2307/j.ctvh8r1h7|isbn=978-978-54127-0-3}}</ref>&nbsp; # Udoh, I.I.L., Anyanwu, O. N., na Ndimele, O, (2014). ''Okwu ndị dị oke egwu na ọmụmụ nke asụsụ, asụsụ na akwụkwọ na Naijiria: Festschrift maka Conrad Max Benedict Brann. '' Muenchen: LINCOM Europe.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://searchworks.stanford.edu/view/10476984|title=Critical issues in the study of linguistics, languages & literatures in Nigeria: a Festschrift for Conrad Max Benedict Brann|date=2014|publisher=LINCOM Europa|isbn=978-3-86288-459-9|editor=Ndimele|series=LINCOM studies in African linguistics|location=Muenchen}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://searchworks.stanford.edu/view/10468792|title=Critical issues in the study of linguistics, languages & literatures in Nigeria: a festschrift for Conrad Max Benedict Brann|date=2008|publisher=M & J Grand Orbit Communications Ltd. : Emhai Press|editor=Ndimele|series=Festschrift series|location=Port Harcourt}}</ref> # Ekpenyong, M. E. na Udoh, I.I.L. (2022). ''Nsogbu ndị dị ugbu a na Nkọwa Asụsụ na Digital Humanities: A Festschrift in Honor of Professor Eno-Abasi Essien Urua.'' Singapore: Springer. <ref name="imelda7">{{Cite book|title=Current Issues in Descriptive Linguistics and Digital Humanities|url=https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-981-19-2932-8#bibliographic-information|date=2022|language=en|doi=10.1007/978-981-19-2932-8|isbn=978-981-19-2931-1|editor=Ekpenyong}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFEkpenyongUdoh2022">Ekpenyong, Moses Effiong; Udoh, Imelda Icheji, eds. (2022). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required">[https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-981-19-2932-8#bibliographic-information ''Current Issues in Descriptive Linguistics and Digital Humanities'']</span>. [[Digital object identifier|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/978-981-19-2932-8|10.1007/978-981-19-2932-8]]. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-981-19-2931-1|<bdi>978-981-19-2931-1</bdi>]].</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://searchworks.stanford.edu/view/14740848|title=Current issues in descriptive linguistics and digital humanities: a festschrift in honor of Professor Eno-Abasi Essien Urua|date=2023|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-981-19-2932-8|editor=Ekpenyong|location=Singapore}}</ref> # Udoh, I. I. L. (2019). ''Asụsụ ndịda Naịjirịa: profaịlụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. '' Uyo, Nigeria: Fruities' Publications Ltd. <ref>{{Cite book|author=Udoh|first=Imelda Icheji Lawrence|url=https://searchworks.stanford.edu/view/14869393|title=The languages of Southern Nigeria: a geopolitical profile|date=2019|publisher=Fruities' Publications Ltd|isbn=978-978-978-793-7|series=Languages of Nigeria|location=Uyo, Nigeria|oclc=on1407121597}}</ref> # Udoh, I. I. L. (2003). ''Asụsụ nke mpaghara ndịda-ndịda nke Naịjirịa: profaịlụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. '' Lagos: Concept Publications.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://searchworks.stanford.edu/view/6304414|title=The languages of the South-South zone of Nigeria: a geo-political profile|date=2003|publisher=Concept Publications|isbn=978-978-8065-27-2|editor=Udoh|location=Lagos}}</ref> # [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] "Nhazi aha na Leggbo" na Paul Newman & Larry M. Hyman (ed.) ''West African Linguistics: Akwụkwọ na nsọpụrụ nke Russell G. Schuh ''. Columbus, Ohio: Nke Ngalaba Linguistics na Center for African Studies, Ohio State University bipụtara. <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://searchworks.stanford.edu/view/6485722|title=West African linguistics: papers in honor of Russell G. Schuh|date=2006|publisher=Published by the Department of Linguistics and the Center for African Studies, Ohio State University|editor=Newman|series=Studies in African linguistics. Supplement|location=Columbus, Ohio}}</ref> # Njem, U. & Udoh, I. (2023). Baptism of Indigenous Languages into an Ideology: A Decolonial Critique of Missionary Linguistics in South-Eastern Nigeria. ''Southernizing Sociolinguistics: Colonialism, Racism, na Patriarchy na Asụsụ na Global South.'' [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] NY & London: Routledge Taylor & Francis Group. <ref name="imelda9">{{Cite web|title=ORCID|url=https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8235-3015|accessdate=2023-11-13|work=orcid.org}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8235-3015 "ORCID"]. ''orcid.org''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-11-13</span></span>.</cite></ref> # Udoh, I., Ekpenyong, M., Urua, E.-A. , Adeniyi, H., Obiamalu, G., Yusuff, A., Anyanwu, O., & Obikudo, E. (2022). Ụzọ ọhụrụ maka ịkọwapụta gburugburu ebe obibi asụsụ na ihe ize ndụ na Naijiria: - gaa na ngwọta geospatial. Journal of the Digital Humanities Association of Southern Africa, ''3'' (03). <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Udoh|first=Imelda|date=2021|title=A novel method for redefining language ecology and endangerment in Nigeria : – towards a geospatial solution|url=https://upjournals.up.ac.za/index.php/dhasa/article/view/3817|journal=Journal of the Digital Humanities Association of Southern Africa|language=en|volume=3|issue=03|doi=10.55492/dhasa.v3i03.3817}}</ref> # Udoh, I. I. L. (2018). "Compounding in Leggbó" Na Eugene Buckley, Thera M. Crane na Jeff Good (ed.) Nkwupụta nhazi: akwụkwọ iji sọpụrụ Larry M. Hyman. Stanford, California:: CSLI Publications.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://searchworks.stanford.edu/view/14217831|title=Revealing structure: papers in honor of Larry M. Hyman|date=2018|publisher=CSLI Publications|isbn=978-1-68400-030-2|editor=Buckley|series=CSLI lecture notes|location=Stanford, California}}</ref> # Udoh, I. I. L. (2007). "Ịgbasa asụsụ zuru ụwa ọnụ na mmetụta ya na akwụkwọ asụsụ na Naịjirịa" na Etuk Nssien Etuk, Inyang Mbong Udofot, Alice Effiong Udosen (ed.) Mmụta na Naịjarịa na narị afọ nke 21: lekwasị anya na mkpa: festschrift na nsọpụrụ nke Prọfesọ Mbong A. Udofot (MNAE). Uyo, Nigeria: Abaam Publishing Co.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://searchworks.stanford.edu/view/9730586|title=Education in Nigeria in the 21st century: focus and imperatives: a festschrift in honour of Professor Mbong A. Udofot (MNAE)|date=2007|publisher=Abaam Publishing Co|isbn=978-978-60100-9-0|editor=Udofot|location=Uyo, Nigeria}}</ref> == Edemsibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] iyvzvc0h50sbkjg8l6juis5noygizq4 Mariam Eniola Bolaji 0 73294 742126 597087 2026-10-31T06:04:27Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 742126 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox vcard" style="width:25em" |+ class="infobox-title" id="4" style="font-size:125%;" |<div class="fn">Mariam Eniola Bolaji</div> | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Mariam_Eniola_Bolaji.png|frameless]]<div class="infobox-caption">Bolaji na 2024</div> |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#e2f0e8; color:black;" |Ihe ọmụma nkeonwe |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |A mụrụ ya | class="infobox-data" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">2005-09-21</span>)</span> 21 Septemba 2005 (afọ 20) <div class="birthplace">Share, Kwara, Nigeria</div><br /> |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#e2f0e8; color:black;" |Egwuregwu |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Mba | class="infobox-data" |Naịjirịa |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Egwuregwu | class="infobox-data" |[[Badminton]] |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles> |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#e2f0e8; color:black;" |<div class="mw-collapsible" style="text-align:center; font-size:95%"><div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="line-height:1.6em; font-size:105%; "><div style="margin:0 4em;">Ihe nrite</div></div><div class="mw-collapsible-content" style="font-size:105%"><templatestyles src="infobox/mobileviewfix.css" /> {| class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; background-color:#f9f9f9; color:#000000; font-weight:normal" | colspan="2" style="padding:0" | |- ! colspan="3" class="adr" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;background-color:#eeeeee;color:inherit;" |Na-anọchite anya <span class="country-name"><span class="flagicon">[[Faịlụ:Flag_of_Nigeria.svg|link=|alt=|border|23x23px]]&nbsp;</span>[[Naijiria|Naịjirịa]]</span> |- ! colspan="3" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;background-color:#eeeeee;color:inherit;" |para-badminton ụmụ nwanyị |- ! colspan="3" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;background-color:#cccccc;color:inherit;" |Egwuregwu Paralympic |- | style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;color:inherit;" |[[Faịlụ:Bronze_medal_icon_(B_initial).svg|link=|16x16px|Bronze medal – third place]] | style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;" |<span class="nowrap">2024 Paris</span> | style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;" |Ụmụ nwanyị na-alụbeghị di |- ! colspan="3" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;background-color:#cccccc;color:inherit;" |Mmeri Ụwa |- | style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;color:inherit;" |[[Faịlụ:Silver_medal_icon_(S_initial).svg|link=|16x16px|Silver medal – second place]] | style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;" |<span class="nowrap">2026 Manama</span> | style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;" |Ụmụ nwanyị na-alụbeghị di |} </div></div> |} {{Reflist}} '''Mariam Eniola Bolaji''' (amụrụ na 21 n'ọnwa Septemba afọ 2005) <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024-paralympics/athlete/mariam-eniola-bolaji_1564476|work=[[Paris 2024 Paralympics]]|title=Mariam Eniola Bolaji}}</ref> bụ onye Naijiria para-badminton. Ọ nọ n'ọkwa 1st n'ụwa na SL3 Category nke Para Badminton World Federation. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Rankings {{!}} BWF Fansite|url=https://bwfbadminton.com/rankings/?id=14|accessdate=2026-02-18|work=bwfbadminton.com}}</ref> O sonyere n'afọ 2024 Summer Paralympics, ebe o ritere ọla nchara na ihe omume ụmụ nwanyị SL3. Ọ Ọ bụ onye Africa mbụ nwetara nrite n'egwuregwu Olympic ma ọ bụ Paralympics, <ref>{{Cite web|title=Paris 2024: Nigeria's Mariam Eniola Bolaji makes her mark|url=https://www.paralympic.org/paris-2024/feature/nigeria-mariam-eniola-bolaji-makes-her-mark|accessdate=2024-09-04|work=International Paralympic Committee|language=en}}</ref> na-emeri ọla nchara na SL3 ụmụ nwanyị na egwuregwu na Paris. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Bolaji makes history with Bronze medal win for Nigeria at the Paralympic Games|url=https://www.makingofchamps.com/2024/09/02/bolaji-makes-history-with-bronze-medal-win-for-nigeria-at-the-paralympic-games/|work=MAKING OF CHAMPIONS|date=2024-09-02|accessdate=2024-09-02|language=en-US|first=Oluwadare|author=Popoola|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240902082829/https://www.makingofchamps.com/2024/09/02/bolaji-makes-history-with-bronze-medal-win-for-nigeria-at-the-paralympic-games/|archive-date=2024-09-02|url-status=dead}}</ref> Mmeri ya gosipụtara nrite mbụ nke Naịjirịa na Paris Paralympics.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Leaks|first=The Daily|date=2024-09-02|title=Mariam Bolaji becomes first African to win badminton medal|url=https://thedailyleaks.com/mariam-bolaji-becomes-first-african-to-win-badminton-medal/|accessdate=2024-09-03|work=The Daily Leaks|language=en-US}}</ref> [[Faịlụ:Mariam_Eniola_Bolaji.jpg|center|thumb|354x354px|Eniola na Vitoria-Gasteiz]] == Ntụaka == == Njikọ mpụga == * Mariam Eniola BolajinaBWFBadminton.com [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] k792kh3auiju78f1a7t88qa1v7ddhkt Ini Adiakpan 0 73827 742090 730066 2026-10-30T16:59:38Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 742090 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}Adaeze Ini Adiakpan (amụrụ na 30 Ọktoba 1960), bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Naịjirịa nke jere ozi dịka kọmishọna maka ụmụ nwanyị.ihe gbasara ọdịmma ọha na eze na Akwa Ibom Steeti.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Michael|first=Yemi|date=2023-09-02|title=Social welfare commissioner promises better life for women, PWDs in Akwa Ibom|url=https://www.thecable.ng/akwa-ibom-social-welfare-commissioner-promises-better-life-for-women-pwds/|accessdate=2025-08-17|work=TheCable|language=en-US}}</ref> Gọvanọ Udom Emmanuel họpụtara ya n'ọnwa Ọgọst nke afọ 2020; Gọvanọ Umo Eno họpụtakwara ya ọzọ n'ọnwa Julaị afọ 2023.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Sherifat|first=Lawal|date=2020-08-04|title=Akwa Ibom NUJ hails appointment of Ememobong as Information Commissioner|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/08/akwa-ibom-nuj-hails-appointment-of-ememobong-as-information-commissioner/|accessdate=2025-08-17|work=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-08-03|title=Akwa Ibom gets seven brand new Commissioners, Special Adviser {{!}} AIT LIVE|url=https://ait.live/akwa-ibom-gets-seven-brand-new-commissioners-special-adviser/|accessdate=2025-08-17|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250804121616/https://ait.live/akwa-ibom-gets-seven-brand-new-commissioners-special-adviser/|archive-date=2025-08-04|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Anthony|first=Lovina|date=2023-07-20|title=Gov Eno sends commissioners, special adviser nominees to A'Ibom Assembly [Full List]|url=https://dailypost.ng/2023/07/20/gov-eno-sends-commissioners-special-adviser-nominees-to-aibom-assembly-full-list/|accessdate=2025-08-17|work=[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ọmụmụ na ndụ onwe onye == A mụrụ Adiakpan n'abalị iri atọ nke ọnwa Ọktoba afọ 1960 n'ezinụlọ Jacob Bassey Adiakpan nwụrụ anwụ. Ọ bụ onye Ekpene Obo na mpaghara ọchịchị ime obodo Esit-Eket, [[Ȯra Akwa Ibom|Steeti Akwa Ibom]] . == Agụmakwụkwọ == Adiakpan malitere agụmakwụkwọ praịmarị ya na Salvation Army Primary School, [[Etinan]] . Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Salvation Army, Akai Ubium, na 1972 maka agụmakwụkwọ sekọndrị ya, ma mechaa gụchaa na Union Secondary school na 1977. Ọ gara n'ihu na agụmakwụkwọ ya site n'ịdenye aha na School of Basic Studies, [[Ogoja]], ebe ọ gụrụ Bekee ma mechaa mụọ akụkọ ihe mere eme na College of Education, Uyo. Na 1993, ọ gụrụ NYSC ya na Wudil Technical College, Wudil, [[Nkeji Ochíchííwu Kano|Kano State]] . Ọ nwetara nzere bachelọ nke nka na agụmakwụkwọ na [[Mahadum nke Ahmadu Bello|Mahadum Ahmadu Bello]] . Na 1994, ọ nwetara nzere masta na teknụzụ agụmakwụkwọ na Mahadum Port-Harcourt. Na 2010, ọ nwetara nzere doctorate nke nkà ihe ọmụma na teknụzụ agụmakwụkwọ. == Ọrụ == Ini arụọla ọrụ dịka kọmishọna ntuli aka na Akwa Ibom State Independent Electoral Commission, AkISIEC, a họpụtakwara ya dịka kọmishọna maka ihe gbasara ụmụ nwanyị na ọdịmma ọha na eze na Akwa Ibom State, na 2020. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=INI ADIAKPAN – AKWA IBOM STATE GOVERNMENT GENDER BASED VIOLENCE MANAGEMENT COMMITTEE|url=https://aksgbv.org/ini-adiakpan/|accessdate=2025-08-17|language=en-US|archivedate=2025-08-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250823014554/https://aksgbv.org/ini-adiakpan/}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye otu Kọmitii Mgbanwe nke Udom Emmanuel họpụtara na 2023, iji hụ na gọọmentị ga-agbanwe agbanwe n'enweghị nsogbu. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Utip|first=Udeme|date=2023-01-31|title=I will not respond to Tinubu's abuses – Gov Emmanuel|url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/i-will-not-respond-to-tinubus-abuses-gov-emmanuel/|accessdate=2025-08-18|work=Tribune Online|language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Odey|first=Patrick|date=2023-02-01|title=You've nothing to offer Nigerians, Emmanuel replies Tinubu|url=https://punchng.com/youve-nothing-to-offer-nigerians-emmanuel-replies-tinubu/|accessdate=2025-08-18|work=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US}}</ref> Ọ bụ ugbu a Ọ bụ Onye Ndụmọdụ Nnyefe nye Gọvanọ Umo Eno na Nigeria for women Project. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Whistler|first=The|title=Mixed Reactions Trail Appointment Of Ex-Commissioners As Advisors In Akwa Ibom – The Whistler Newspaper|url=https://thewhistler.ng/mixed-reactions-trail-appointment-of-ex-commissioners-as-advisors-in-akwa-ibom/|accessdate=2025-08-18|work=[[The Whistler (newspaper)|The Whistler]]|language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|author=Nwafor|date=2025-03-04|title=Reservations as Gov Eno recalls sacked commissioners as project monitors|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2025/03/reservations-as-gov-eno-recalls-sacked-commissioners-as-project-monitors/|accessdate=2025-08-18|work=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]|language=en-GB}}</ref> Ọ bụkwa Onye nwe Nema Adiakpan Nursery & Primary School <ref>{{Cite web|author=EDU|title=Akwa Ibom|url=https://education.gov.ng/akwa-ibom/|accessdate=2025-08-18|work=FEDERAL MINISTRY OF EDUCATION|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250823012410/https://education.gov.ng/akwa-ibom/|archive-date=2025-08-23|url-status=dead}}</ref> nakwa onye isi nchịkwa nke Life Bridge and Empowerment Foundation. == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 8s1159rtngkz98g9qj1e6oqjjk6qvj2 Iwu Mmadụ ịlụ ibe ya (Mmachibido Iwu) 2013 0 76969 742092 657466 2026-10-30T18:12:51Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 742092 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles>  '''Iwu ahụ iji mee ndokwa maka mmachibido mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ndị nwoke na nwanyị, emume alụmdi na nwunye site n'aka ha, na maka ihe ndị ọzọ metụtara ya''', nke a makwaara dịka Iwu Mmekọahụ (Machibidoro) nke afọ 2006, bụ iwu esemokwu nke e buru ụzọ tinye n'ihu ụlọ abụọ nke Ụlọ Nzukọ Mba nke Naịjirịa na mbido afọ 2007. Afọ asaa ka nke ahụ gasịrị, onyeisiala [[Goodluck Jonathan]] tinyere iwu ọzọ dịka Iwu Alụmdi na Nwunye Nwoke na Nwanyị nke 2013 (SSMPA). Iwu a na-egbochi ikike ndị LGBTQ na Naịjirịa. == Atụmatụ na 2006-2007 == === Akụkọ ihe mere eme === Minista ikpe ziri ezi Bayo Ojo bụ onye mbụ tinyere iwu a n'ihu ọgbakọ mba na Jenụwarị 18, 2006, mana e meghị ya n'oge agụmagụ mbụ. Na Jenụwarị 18, 2007, ndị Kansụl Ndị Isi nke Federal kwadoro iwu ahụ ma kpọga ya n'ihu Mgbakọ Mba. Agbanyeghị, òtù ndị na-ahụ maka ikike mmadụ katọrọ ya maka mmachi ya na nnwere onwe ikwu okwu na nhazi, nwere ike ime ka Naịjirịa ghara inwe nkwekọrịta mba ụwa dị iche iche nke mba ahụ bịanyere aka na ya. A hụkwara ya na Naịjirịa dị ka mgbalị ntuliaka ikpeazụ nke ọchịchị Obasanjo na-eme n'afọ ntuliaka iji dọta mmetụta ọha na eze, ebe ọ bụ na a na-agbagharị akwụkwọ nke abụọ nke iwu ahụ mgbe ndị Sineti meriri iwu ahụ iji gbanwee oke Iwu na ọnụọgụgụ oge onyeisiala. N'ihi ya, ụlọ abụọ ahụ emeghị iwu ahụ tupu ntuli aka izugbe nke afọ ahụ. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2013)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> === Nchịkọta === Iwu a tụrụ aro chọrọ mkpọrọ afọ ise maka onye ọ bụla nke mere, "mee, gbaa akaebe, nyere aka, ma ọ bụ kwado" alụmdi na nwunye nwoke na nwanyị. Ọ ga-amachibidokwa ngosipụta ọ bụla nke "mmekọrịta ịhụnanya nwoke na nwanyị" na ikuchi ụmụaka site n'aka ndị nwoke na nwanyị ma ọ bụ ndị nwanyị na-edina.<ref name="humanrightswatch">{{Cite news|date=March 23, 2006|title=Nigeria: Obasanjo Must Withdraw Bill to Criminalize Gay Rights|url=http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/HRW/e846f6f8aa040916f88b9cc86c16a79a.htm|accessdate=March 26, 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060324204847/http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/HRW/e846f6f8aa040916f88b9cc86c16a79a.htm|archive-date=March 24, 2006|url-status=dead}}</ref> A tụrụ anya na iwu a agaghị enweta mmegide dị nta ma ọ bụ enweghị mmegide ọ bụla na Palịament. Iwu ahụ kwukwara ka a tụọ ya mkpọrọ afọ ise maka itinye aka na nkwado ọha na eze ma ọ bụ otu ndị na-akwado ikike nke ndị nwanyị ibe ha na ndị nwoke ibe ha.<ref name="365nigeriajanuary">{{Cite web|date=January 19, 2006|title=Nigeria To Criminalize Gay Marriage & LGBT Meetings|url=http://www.365gay.com/Newscon06/01/011906nigeria.htm|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060221053827/http://www.365gay.com/Newscon06/01/011906nigeria.htm|archivedate=2006-02-21|accessdate=March 26, 2006|work=365Gay.com}}</ref> A gụnyere atụmatụ iwu a iji machibido ụdị mmekọrịta ọ bụla na onye na-edina nwoke ibe ya. Ebumnuche nke iwu ahụ bụ ịmachibido ihe ọ bụla metụtara ịbụ nwoke ibe ya na mba ahụ. === Mmeghachi omume n'ime mba === Ọtụtụ ndị Naịjirịa kwadoro iwu a nke ọma n'ihi na ọ na-egosipụta ọchịchọ nke ndị mmadụ na-anaghị ahụ ya dị ka okwu ikike mmadụ dị mkpa.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2013-06-20|title=Nigerians support anti same-sex Bill - Poll|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2013/06/nigerians-support-anti-same-sex-bill-poll/|work=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]}}</ref> N'ime olu ole na ole na-emegiderịta onwe ha, otu n'ime ndị kacha emegide iwu ahụ n'ime obodo bụ [[Davis Mac-Iyalla]], onye Naijiria na-akwado ikike LGBT bụ nwoke idina nwoke, onye isi nke ngalaba Naịjirịa [[Changing Attitude]], otu òtù Anglican na-akwado LGBT nke dị na [[Obodoézè Nà Ofú|United Kingdom]]. Mac-Iyalla, onye ndị uwe ojii Naịjirịa jidere ugboro ugboro na ngagharị iwe ndị na-akwado LGBT n'afọ ndị gara aga, ọ bụbu onye mmegide nke Peter Akinola, onye bụ Praịm Anglican nke Chọọchị Naịjirịa n'oge ahụ. === Mmeghachi omume mba ụwa === Na Febụwarị afọ 2006, Ngalaba Mba United States katọrọ atụmatụ ahụ.<ref name="365nigeriajanuary"/> Na Maachị 2006, otu mba ụwa iri na isii nke ndị na-ahụ maka ikike mmadụ bịanyere aka n'akwụkwọ ozi katọrọ iwu ahụ, na-akpọ ya mmebi nke nnwere onwe ikwu okwu, mkpakọrịta na nzụkọ nke iwu mba ụwa kwadoro yana nke [[African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights|African Charter on Human and People' Rights]] tinyere ihe mgbochi na mbọ iji lụso HIV/AIDS ọgụ na Naịjirịa.<ref name="365nigeriajanuary" /> Ụfọdụ ndị na-ekwu na Naịjirịa nwere ọnụọgụgụ mmadụ atọ kachasị na AIDS n'ụwa: nde mmadụ 3.6 bu ọrịa HIV.<ref name="Vogt">{{Cite web|author=Vogt|first=Heidi|date=March 24, 2006|title=IOL: 'Nigeria must withdraw anti-gay bill'|url=http://www.int.iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=1&click_id=86&art_id=qw1143173889726B252|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060929031126/http://www.int.iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=1&click_id=86&art_id=qw1143173889726B252|archivedate=September 29, 2006|accessdate=March 26, 2006|work=Independent Online}}</ref> Agbanyeghị, otu gọọmentị Naịjirịa na-ahụ maka njikwa HIV/AIDS na-enye ọrụ kpọmkwem maka ndị ọrịa nwoke idina nwoke site na Nigerian Diversities Network (NDN). Ọrụ NDN bụ ịrụkọ ọrụ ọnụ na ndị niile nwere mmasị (gụnyere ndị nwoke idina nwoke) iji belata ohere HIV/AIDS nke ukwuu. NDN na-arụkọ ọrụ nke ọma na ngalaba gọọmentị site na ụlọ ọrụ ya dị na isi obodo mba na nke steeti.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://naca.gov.ng/content/view/151/187/lang,en/|title=National Agency for the Control of AIDS (NACA) - Civil Society|work=naca.gov.ng|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101112062548/http://naca.gov.ng/content/view/151/187/lang,en/|archivedate=2010-11-12}} </ref> == Iwu na 2014 == N'agbanyeghị nrụgide mba ụwa, Onyeisiala Goodluck Jonathan bịanyere aka na Iwu Alụmdi na Nwunye Nwoke na Nwanyị nke afọ 2013 ma dee ya na Jenụwarị 7, 2014. Odeakwụkwọ mba Amerịka bụ́ John Kerry kwuru na mba Amerịka "nwere nnukwu nchegbu" maka iwu nke "na-egbochi nnwere onwe nke nzukọ, mkpakọrịta, na ikwu okwu nye ndị Naịjirịa niile." Onye bụbu onye Britain chịrị mba kwuru, sị, "U.K. na-emegide ụdị ịkpa ókè ọ bụla n'ihi mmasị mmekọahụ."<ref name="telegraph.co.uk">{{Cite news|date=2014-01-14|title=Nigeria passes law banning homosexuality|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/nigeria/10570304/Nigeria-passes-law-banning-homosexuality.html|work=The Telegraph}}</ref> Mgbe ọnwa abụọ gachara, e wepụrụ mmachibido iwu alụmdi na nwunye nwoke na nwoke na mba United Kingdom.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-03-28|title=United Kingdom: 1971 gay marriage ban is history. Rejoice!|url=http://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/WO1403/S00343/united-kingdom-1971-gay-marriage-ban-is-history-rejoice.htm|work=Scoop News}}</ref> Iwu Naịjirịa enweelarị ndokwa ndị mere ka mmekọahụ nwoke na nwoke megide nwoke idina nwoke megide iwu. Iwu nke afọ 2013 gbakwụnyere na nke a, "Onye debanyere aha, na-arụ ọrụ ma ọ bụ na-esonye na klọb ndị nwoke idina nwoke, ọha mmadụ ma ọ bụ òtù dị iche iche, ma ọ bụ gosi n'ihu ọha na mmekọrịta nwoke na nwanyị na nwanyị na Naịjirịa na-eme mpụ ma a mara ya ikpe ruo afọ iri."<ref name="telegraph.co.uk" /> A na-akwado iwu a nke ukwuu na Naịjirịa. N'ime nnyocha nke U.S. Pew Research Center na 2013, pasent 98 nke ndị zara ajụjụ na Naịjirịa kwuru na ọha mmadụ ekwesịghị ịnabata nwoke idina nwoke.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.pewglobal.org/2013/06/04/the-global-divide-on-homosexuality/|title=The Global Divide on Homosexuality|date=4 June 2013}}</ref> Ndị otu MassResistance na ndị otu ndị ọzọ na-emegide LGBTQ nke Amerịka kwadoro ka e mee iwu ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Ohlheiser|first=Abby|date=2014-01-14|title=Nigerian Police Are Already Using New Law to Round Up Gay Men|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2014/01/nigerian-police-are-arresting-gay-men-being-gay/356990/|accessdate=2025-07-06|work=The Atlantic|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Kale|first=Sirin|date=2017-10-27|title=Inside The Anti-LGBT Hate Group Trying to Block Marriage Equality Around the World|url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/inside-the-anti-lgbt-hate-group-trying-to-block-marriage-equality-around-the-world/|accessdate=2025-07-06|work=VICE|language=en-US}}</ref> === Mmetụta === Kemgbe e tinyere iwu a n'afọ 2014, ndị LGBTQ na-eche nsogbu, ime ihe ike, na mwepu ọha na eze ihu.<ref name=":4">{{Cite news|author=Onishi|first=Norimitsu|date=2015-12-20|title=U.S. Support of Gay Rights in Africa May Have Done More Harm Than Good|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/12/21/world/africa/us-support-of-gay-rights-in-africa-may-have-done-more-harm-than-good.html?smid=url-share|accessdate=2025-01-11|work=The New York Times|language=en-US}}</ref> Ndị ohi, ndị agbata obi, na ndị ọrụ mmanye iwu na-eji iwu eme ihe iji lekwasị anya n'ebe ndị LGBTQ nọ, na-ejikarị mgbasa ozi ọha na eze ejide ndị a metụtara (lee [[Kito (slang)|kito]]).<ref name=":4" /><ref>{{Cite news|author=Wafula|first=Ian|date=2023-05-15|title=The Nigerians lured into a trap and blackmailed for being gay|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-65560062|accessdate=2025-07-08|work=BBC News|language=en-GB}}</ref> Njide na mmechuihu ọha bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị, ọtụtụ mmadụ na-atụkwa egwu ịchọ nlekọta ahụike ma ọ bụ ịkọ akụkọ mpụ.<ref name=":4" /> Ndị na-eme ngaghari ikike mmadụ na ndị otu ikike mmadụ ekwuola na SSMPA emeela ka ndị nche nwee obi ike ma kwalite ọnọdụ nke ntaramahụhụ maka ime ihe ike megide LGBTQ.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Isaack|first=Wendy|date=2016-10-20|title="Tell Me Where I Can Be Safe"|url=https://www.hrw.org/report/2016/10/20/tell-me-where-i-can-be-safe/impact-nigerias-same-sex-marriage-prohibition-act|journal=Human Rights Watch|language=en}}</ref> Na 2018, ndị na-akwado LGBTQ kwuru na e jibeghị iwu ahụ maa onye ọ bụla ikpe gbasara nwoke idina nwoke.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=15 December 2018|title=6 surprising facts about Nigeria's anti-gay-marriage law|url=https://76crimes.com/2018/12/15/6-surprising-facts-about-nigerias-anti-gay-marriage-law/|work=Erasing 76 Crimes}}</ref> Ha kwenyere na nke a bụ n'ihi na iwu ahụ ekwenyeghị na ya, ọtụtụ ikpe metụtara ndị a na-enyo enyo na ha bụ ndị LGBTQ enweghị ihe akaebe.<ref name=":0" /> Onye ọrụ mmemme nke nwere Initiative for Equal Rights kọwara iwu ahụ dị ka nke a na-anaghị emegharị emegharị.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=27 October 2020|title=Nigerian judge throws out homosexuality case against 47 men|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/10/27/nigerian-judge-throws-out-case-against-47-men-over-homosexuality|accessdate=2025-07-06|work=Al Jazeera|language=en}}</ref> E weere ikpe megide mmadụ iri anọ na asaa, gụnyere [[James Brown (internet personality)|James Brown]], dị ka ihe nwere ike ime ka iwu ahụ dị mma, mana a kagburu ya na 2020 n'ihi "enweghị ikpe siri ike".<ref name=":1"/> Ọtụtụ n'ime ndị ikom a boro ebubo ka nwere nnukwu mmetụta na ndụ ha n'ihi njide ọha na eze na ikpe ahụ.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web|author=Akwagyiram|first=Alexis|date=2020-02-24|title=A police raid, viral videos and the broken lives of Nigerian gay law suspects|url=https://uk.news.yahoo.com/police-raid-viral-videos-broken-103012155.html|accessdate=2025-07-06|work=Yahoo News|language=en-GB}}</ref> === Atụmatụ mgbanwe megide uwe mgbakwasị ụkwụ === N'afọ 2022, Ụlọ Ndị Nnọchiteanya Naịjirịa webatara iwu iji gbochie iyi uwe elu, dịka mgbanwe na Iwu Alụmdi na Nwunye Nwoke na Nwanyị nke afọ 2013.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Kachi|first=Elvis|date=2022-08-03|title=The Nigerians worried about a bill to outlaw cross-dressing|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-61646540|accessdate=2025-07-08|work=BBC News|language=en-GB}}</ref> Ruo afọ 2024, iwu ahụ aghọbeghị iwu.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Omosola|first=Friday|date=4 April 2024|title=Why police can't arrest Bobrisky, other crossdressers—Force PRO|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/naija-fashion/682868-why-police-cant-arrest-bobrisky-other-crossdressers-force-pro.html|accessdate=2025-07-08|work=[[Premium Times]]}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Ikike LGBTQ na Naịjirịa * Nkwado maka mmekọrịta nwoke na nwanyị na Naịjirịa * Iwu Na-emegide Mmekọahụ nwoke na nwanyị, 2014, iwu yiri nke ahụ na Uganda, e mechara wepụ ya * Iwu Na-emegide Mmekọahụ nwoke na nwanyị, 2023, iwu yiri nke ahụ ugbu a na Uganda == Edensibia == <references /> == Njikọ mpụga == * * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060619200433/http://okrasoup.typepad.com/black_looks/files/nigeria_gay_bill.pdf Ihe odide zuru ezu nke atụmatụ 2006] * [http://www.placng.org/new/laws/Same%20Sex%20Marriage%20%28Prohibition%29%20Act,%202013.pdf Ihe odide zuru ezu nke Iwu 2013] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080612181026/http://www.fulcrum-anglican.org.uk/news/2006/20061121radner.cfm?doc=167 ''Ihe Ndị ruuru Mmadụ, Mmekọahụ nwoke na nwanyị na Mmekọrịta Anglican: Reflections in Light of Nigeria''] iwtunymzw8fes642gjvnyyjhs49yb8p Musa Babayo 0 77050 742131 725678 2026-10-31T11:13:44Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 742131 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Infobox officeholder | honorific_prefix = Dr | name = Musa Babayo | image = | width = | caption = Babayo in 2018 | order1 = | office1 = Chairman Board of Trustees [[Tertiary Education Trust Fund|TETFund]]<ref name="The Eagle Online" />{{cite news |last1=Adebowale |first1=Segun |title=TETFund spends N300b on tertiary schools in four years – Chairman – |url=https://theeagleonline.com.ng/tetfund-spends-n300b-on-tertiary-schools-in-four-years-chairman/ |access-date=23 March 2020 |work=The Eagle Online |date=2 November 2013}}</ref> | termstart1 = 13 September 2013 | termend1 = 16 July 2015 | predecessor1 = | successor1 = | office2 = National Secretary of the <br>[[PDP National Working Committee]]<ref>{{cite news |title=A Former National Secretary of the Peoples Democratic Party and the Immediate Past Chairman, Board Of Trustees of the Tertiary Education Trust Fund, Dr. Musa Babayo's Interview With Newsmen |url=https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/news/187965/a-former-national-secretary-of-the-peoples-democratic-party.html |access-date=23 March 2020 |work=thenigerianvoice.com}}</ref> | termstart2 = March 2012 | termend2 = 2015 | predecessor2 = | successor2 = | birth_name = Musa Babayo | birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1957|3|21}} | birth_place = [[Azare]], [[Bauchi State]] | death_date = | death_place = | profession = | party = [[All Progressives Congress]] | spouse = | footnotes = | website = }} '''Musa Babayo''' <ref>{{Cite news|author=Badejo|first=Abiodun|title=PDP National Congress: Tukur Vs Babayo, who wears the crown|url=https://dailypost.ng/2012/03/24/pdp-national-congress-tukur-vs-babayo-who-wears-the-crown/|accessdate=23 March 2020|date=24 March 2012|work=[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]}}</ref> (amụrụ na 21 Machị 1957) bụ onye na-ahụ maka ụlọ akụ Naijiria, onye ọchụnta ego, onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, na onye isi ala bụ onye odeakwụkwọ mba nke PDP National Working Committee <ref>{{Cite news|title=Stalemate: PDP fails to produce BoT Chairman, OBJ absent [DETAILS] » YNaija|url=https://ynaija.com/stalemate-pdp-fails-to-produce-bot-chairman-obj-absent-details/|accessdate=23 March 2020|work=YNaija|date=9 January 2013}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Board of Trustees (BoT) – Peoples Democratic Party Nigeria|url=https://peoplesdemocraticparty.com.ng/?page_id=755|accessdate=23 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517124559/https://peoplesdemocraticparty.com.ng/?page_id=755|archive-date=17 May 2021|url-status=dead}}</ref> site na 2012 ruo 2015 tupu ọ banye na All Progressives Congress (APC) na 15 Ọktoba 2015. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Idris|first=Fateema|title=Former Governor Yuguda begs President Buhari for forgiveness as APC flags off campaign in Bauchi|url=https://www.today.ng/news/politics/governor-yuguda-begs-president-buhari-forgiveness-apc-flags-campaign-bauchi-186451|accessdate=23 March 2020|work=TODAY|date=12 January 2019}}</ref> Ọ bụ osote odeakwụkwọ mba nke pati ahụ site na 2008 ruo 2011 tupu o mesịa bụrụ odeakwụkwọ mba.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Buhari's anti-corruption war in order, says ex-PDP's national secretary|url=https://scannewsnigeria.com/politics/buharis-anti-corruption-war-in-order-says-ex-pdps-national-secretary/|accessdate=23 March 2020|work=ScanNews Nigeria}}</ref> == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Musa ma zụlite ya na [[Azare]], [[Katagum]] ime obodo, Bauchi steeti. Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị Nasarawa West, Azare, 1965-1972 wee gaa ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Katagum Government, Azare site na 1972 ruo 1976.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=Reporter 1|first=K. S. A.|date=2021-03-21|title=Talban Katagum Clocks 64|url=https://ksanational.com/talban-katagum-clocks-64/|accessdate=2021-05-17|work=Katagum Students’ Association - KSA|language=en-US}}</ref> Ọ gara [[Mahadum nke Ahmadu Bello|Mahadum Ahmadu Bello, Zaria]] ebe o nwetara nzere bachelọ nke sayensị na nchịkwa, ụlọ akụ na ego. Ọ gara Manchester Business School, UK maka ọmụmụ Senior Bankers, June 1993, na University of Wales Institute of Science and Technology (UWIST), UK maka nzere masta na njikwa na teknụzụ, 1984.<ref name="Flash Point News">{{Cite news|title=THE MEN WHO WHO WANT TO HEAD PDP AND WADATA PLAZA|url=https://flashpointnews.com/2012/03/23/the-men-who-who-want-to-pdp-and-wadata-plaza/|accessdate=23 March 2020|work=Flash Point News|date=23 March 2012}}</ref> N'afọ 2001, ọ nwetara PhD na Mahadum Abuja, FCT, Nigeria . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Failing Forward II – Dr. Musa Babayo (PhD)|url=https://www.thestreethawker.com/bestsellers/2016/12/16/failing-forward-ii-dr-musa-babayo-phd|work=The Street Hawker|accessdate=23 March 2020|archivedate=23 March 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200323101243/https://www.thestreethawker.com/bestsellers/2016/12/16/failing-forward-ii-dr-musa-babayo-phd}}</ref> == Ọrụ ọkachamara == N'etiti ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ya, Babayo ejidela ọkwa dị iche iche nke ọha na nke onwe. Dịka onye ọrụ gọọmentị dị elu, ọ bụ onyeisi oche nke Education Trust Fund na onyeisi oche nke Board of Trustees TETFund, <ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-06-22|title='Babayo Laid A Legacy Of Performance At TETFUND'|url=http://www.thedreamdaily.com/babayo-laid-legacy-performance-tetfund/|accessdate=2021-06-12|work=The Dream Daily|language=en-US|archivedate=2020-03-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200323101244/http://www.thedreamdaily.com/babayo-laid-legacy-performance-tetfund/}}</ref> nhọpụta nke e mere ka ọ dịruo afọ anọ, mana e tisasịrị ndị isi ahụ afọ abụọ tupu oge ọrụ ya agwụ na 16 Julaị 2015. === TETFund === Dị ka onye isi oche nke Tertiary Education Trust Fund (TETFund), <ref>{{Cite news|author=Trust|first=Daily|title=page 40|url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/page-40-17.html|accessdate=23 March 2020|date=17 September 2015|work=[[Daily Trust]]}}</ref> Babayo jisiri ike mee mgbanwe ahụ nke dugara na mwepụ nke Iwu Ụtụ Isi nke 1998 ma jiri Iwu Establishment nke TetFund nke Julaị 2011 dochie ya. <ref>{{Cite news|title=The Fear Of Ahmad Mu'azu And Dr. Musa Babayo Is The Sum Of All Fears - By Bello Mukhtar * 247ureports.com|url=https://247ureports.com/2019/07/the-fear-of-ahmad-muazu-and-dr-musa-babayo-is-the-the-sum-of-all-fears-by-bello-mukhtar/|accessdate=23 March 2020|work=247ureports.com|date=10 July 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=TETFUND calls on Universities to access funds for research|url=http://www.aitonline.tv/post-tetfund_calls_on_universities_to_access_funds_for_research|accessdate=23 March 2020|work=aitonline.tv|archive-date=23 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200323101242/http://www.aitonline.tv/post-tetfund_calls_on_universities_to_access_funds_for_research|url-status=dead}}</ref> N'afọ 2013, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ nabatara [[National Open University of Nigeria]] (NOUN), dịka onye ga-erite uru na ego ahụ, na ịkwaga mahadum ahụ site na Lagos gaa na ebe obibi ya na-adịgide adịgide na Abuja site na inye akụrụngwa agụmakwụkwọ dị mkpa. Na 2015, o webatara mmemme ịkwalite ikike nke a maara dị ka Ọzụzụ na Mmepe Ndị Ọrụ Academic (ASTD) ebe e tinyere ihe karịrị ndị ọkà mmụta 26,000 n'ọrụ ahụ nke na-agbaso MSc na PhD. Dịka ọ dị n'oge ahụ, a maara ASTD dị ka mmemme ịkwalite ikike kachasị ukwuu nke ụlọ akụ ọha na eze na-akwado n'ụwa.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Use TETFund Intervention Properly – Wike|url=http://unaab.edu.ng/funaab-ocw/index.php/latest-news/285-news-published-in-march-2014/16768-utilise-tetfund-intervention-properly-wike|accessdate=23 March 2020|work=unaab.edu.ng|archive-date=23 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200323101244/http://unaab.edu.ng/funaab-ocw/index.php/latest-news/285-news-published-in-march-2014/16768-utilise-tetfund-intervention-properly-wike|url-status=dead}}</ref> N'oge ọ bụ onyeisi oche, Babayo webatara ndị gụrụ akwụkwọ na mahadum dị na Tertiary Institutions, e dekọrọkwa na ihe karịrị ndị gụrụ akwụkwọ 30,000 eritela uru na mmemme ahụ.<ref>{{Cite news|title=StackPath|url=https://leadership.ng/2020/02/20/tetfund-and-library-intervention-in-nigerian-tertiary-institutions/|accessdate=23 March 2020|work=[[Leadership (newspaper)|Leadership]]}}</ref> Ọ malitere iwebata ụlọ akwụkwọ nlereanya Almajiri (Boarding na Day) n'oge onye bụbu onye isi ala Naijiria, [[Goodluck Jonathan|Goodluck Ebele Jonathan]] na steeti 19 nke Northern na Edo. E wuru 100 n'ime ụlọ akwụkwọ ndị dị otú ahụ ma na-arụ ọrụ na ndebanye aha ụmụ akwụkwọ zuru oke. E kenyere N2B maka ọrụ ahụ mgbe ọ na-apụ na 2010. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Reporter|first=Our|title=Babayo Laid A Legacy Of Performance at TETFUND|url=http://www.thedreamdaily.com/babayo-laid-legacy-performance-tetfund/|accessdate=23 March 2020|work=The Dream Daily|date=22 June 2016}}</ref> A rụrụ ọrụ ndị ọzọ nke TETFund tupu njedebe nke ọrụ ya. <ref name="The Eagle Online">{{Cite news|author=Adebowale|first=Segun|title=TETFund spends N300b on tertiary schools in four years – Chairman –|url=https://theeagleonline.com.ng/tetfund-spends-n300b-on-tertiary-schools-in-four-years-chairman/|accessdate=23 March 2020|work=The Eagle Online|date=2 November 2013}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=Stakeholders urge peace, unity ahead Christmas|url=https://m.guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/stakeholders-urge-peace-unity-ahead-christmas/|accessdate=23 March 2020|date=15 December 2019|work=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=TETFund's board approves 5-year vision for improved education quality|url=https://archive.businessday.ng/breaking-news/article/tetfunds-board-approves-5-year-vision-for-improved-education-quality/|accessdate=23 March 2020|date=29 September 2014|work=[[BusinessDay (Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]}}</ref> === Allied Bank of Nigeria Plc (1982- 1996) === Dị ka onye na-ahụ maka ụlọ akụ, ọ bụ onye njikwa mpaghara nke Allied Bank na 1982 ruo 1996. <ref name=":0"/> Ọ bụ ya na-ahụ maka mmepe azụmaahịa nke alaka ndị dị na ngalaba ahụ, na-elekwasị anya nke ọma n'imeziwanye uru na ibelata ọnụ ahịa; ịtọ ntọala maka alaka ndị ahụ iji mee ka arụmọrụ dịkwuo mma, maka inye ndị ahịa ọrụ ka mma sokwa n'iwu zuru oke.<ref>{{Cite news|title=PDP Chair: Options Before The Ruling Party|url=https://www.nigeriaa2z.com/2011/07/07/pdp-chair-options-before-the-ruling-party/|accessdate=23 March 2020|work=Nigeria A-Z Online|date=7 July 2011}}</ref> === Inland Bank Nigeria. Ltd (April-July), 1990 === Babayo kwagara na Inland Bank dị ka GM na onyeisi ụlọ ọrụ na 1990 ma bụrụkwa onye ọrụ ya bụ ịtọ ntọala maka uto ụlọ ọrụ ahụ n'akụkụ niile nke ụlọ akụ ahụ, nke gụnyere Njikwa Akụrụngwa Ego na Ihe Ize Ndụ, Njikwa Akụrụngwa Mmadụ, Nchịkwa, Atụmatụ ọnọdụ Alaka, mmezi uru, na atụmatụ na mmepe ụlọ ọrụ izugbe na ndị ọzọ. == Ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị == Babayo so na ndị guzobere People's Democratic Party <ref name="Flash Point News"/> tupu ọ banye na All Progressives Congress na mpaghara ọchịchị ime obodo Katagum, steeti Bauchi na ụbọchị iri na ise nke ọnwa Ọktoba afọ 2015. N'oge ọchịchị ya na PDP, Babayo bụ onye otu ndị nlekọta PDP ruo ọtụtụ afọ, tupu a họpụta ya dị ka osote odeakwụkwọ mba nke kọmitii ọrụ PDP <ref>{{Cite news|title=PDP in 2011: A party embroiled in controversies|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2012/01/pdp-in-2011-a-party-embroiled-in-controversies/|accessdate=23 March 2020|date=5 January 2012|work=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]}}</ref> ma mesịa bụrụ odeakwụkwọ mba ahụ. <ref>{{Cite news|title=There must be reform in PDP – Musa Babayo|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2012/03/there-must-be-reform-in-pdp-musa-babayo/|accessdate=23 March 2020|date=3 March 2012|work=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=A Former National Secretary of the Peoples Democratic Party and the Immediate Past Chairman, Board Of Trustees of the Tertiary Education Trust Fund, Dr. Musa Babayo's Interview With Newsmen|url=https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/news/187965/a-former-national-secretary-of-the-peoples-democratic-party.html|work=thenigerianvoice.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=PDP CONVENTION: Coercive consensus as culture|url=http://www.myfinancialintelligence.com/content/pdp-convention-coercive-consensus-culture|accessdate=23 March 2020|work=FinIntell|archive-date=23 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200323101252/http://www.myfinancialintelligence.com/content/pdp-convention-coercive-consensus-culture|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Mbipụta == Ọ bụ onye dere akwụkwọ akpọrọ The Economic Diplomacy and Nigeria's Foreign Policy nke e bipụtara na 2015.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Musa Babayo and Nigeria's Economic Diplomacy – Daily Times Nigeria|url=https://dailytimes.ng/2016/03/10/musa-babayo-nigerias-economic-diplomacy/amp/|accessdate=23 March 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Deepening Nigeria's Economic Diplomacy - By Abdul Mahmud * 247ureports.com|url=https://247ureports.com/2015/07/deepening-nigerias-economic-diplomacy-by-abdul-mahmud/|accessdate=23 March 2020|work=247ureports.com|date=14 July 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Fighting corruption, duty of all Nigerians – Falana|url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/fighting-corruption-duty-of-all-nigerians-falana.html|accessdate=23 March 2020|date=28 July 2015|work=[[Daily Trust]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=The Buhari change revolution|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/the-buhari-change-revolution/|accessdate=23 March 2020|date=15 August 2015|work=[[The Nation (Nigeria)|The Nation]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Former Health Minister Joins Bauchi Governorship Race|url=https://silverbirdtv.com/uncategorized/15294/former-health-minister-joins-bauchi-governorship-race/|publisher=SilverbirdTV|accessdate=25 March 2020|date=18 September 2014|archivedate=25 March 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200325155332/https://silverbirdtv.com/uncategorized/15294/former-health-minister-joins-bauchi-governorship-race/}}</ref> == Nsọpụrụ na mmata == E nyere Babayo utu aha Talban Katagum site n'aka [[Eze nke Bauchi]] Emirate, [[Suleiman Adamu]], na 13 Jenụwarị 1996.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Nigeria|first=Online|title=The Other Alternative Retrieves Statement on Talban Katagum|url=https://onlinenigeria.com/stories/71413-the-other-alternative-retrieves-statement-on-talban-katagum.html|work=OnlineNigeria.com|accessdate=25 March 2020|date=8 March 2020|archivedate=25 March 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200325155331/https://onlinenigeria.com/stories/71413-the-other-alternative-retrieves-statement-on-talban-katagum.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Adelaja|first=Tayo|title=Talban Katagum Ya 'Yantar Da Fursunoni 152 Masu Laifukan Bashi A Jihar Bauchi|url=https://hausa.leadership.ng/2017/11/16/talban-katagum-ya-yantar-da-fursunoni-152-masu-laifukan-bashi-jihar-bauchi/|accessdate=23 March 2020|date=16 November 2017|language=ha|work=[[Leadership (newspaper)|Leadership]]}}</ref> Ọ bụkwa onye natara onyinye onye ọrụ ọha na eze kachasị mma site na Independent Service Delivery Monitoring Group (ISDMG) na 2014. <ref>{{Cite web|title=ISDMG rewards performing public institutions|url=http://pointblanknews.com/pbn/news/isdmg-rewards-performing-public-institutions/|work=Pointblank News|accessdate=25 March 2020|date=26 November 2013}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Ndepụta nke ndị Naijiria * [[Peoples Democratic Party|Òtù ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ndị mmadụ]] * [[All Progressives Congress|Nzukọ Ndị Ọganihu Nile]] * Bamanga Tukur == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20170809034124/http://www.tetfund.gov.ng/download/News%20Panorama%20Feb%202015.pdf TETFund] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20210517124559/https://peoplesdemocraticparty.com.ng/?page_id=755 Kọmitii Ọrụ Mba PDP] == Edensibia == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 15emj0yaqwmutd5w3cyx83ioz7hqkj3 Halofantrine 0 79132 742083 720190 2026-10-30T13:03:52Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 742083 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles>   {{Infobox drug|verifiedrevid=461766301|IUPAC_name=3-(Dibutylamino)-1-[1,3-dichloro-6-(trifluoromethyl)-9-phenanthryl]-1-propanol|image=Halofantrine.svg|tradename=Halfan|Drugs.com={{drugs.com|CDI|halofantrine}}|MedlinePlus=a603030|pregnancy_AU=<!-- A / B1 / B2 / B3 / C / D / X -->|pregnancy_US=<!-- A / B / C / D / X -->|legal_AU=<!-- Unscheduled / S2 / S4 / S8 -->|legal_UK=<!-- GSL / P / POM / CD -->|legal_US=<!-- OTC / Rx-only -->|routes_of_administration=Oral <!--Pharmacokinetic data-->|protein_bound=60–70%|metabolism=[[Liver|Hepatic]] ([[CYP3A4]]-mediated)|elimination_half-life=6–10 days <!--Identifiers-->|CAS_number_Ref={{cascite|correct|??}}|CAS_number=69756-53-2|ATC_prefix=P01|ATC_suffix=BX01|PubChem=37393|DrugBank_Ref={{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}}|DrugBank=DB01218|ChemSpiderID_Ref={{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}|ChemSpiderID=34303|UNII=Q2OS4303HZ|ChEMBL_Ref={{ebicite|correct|EBI}}|ChEMBL=1107 <!--Chemical data-->|C=26|H=30|Cl=2|F=3|N=1|O=1|SMILES=FC(F)(F)c3ccc2c(cc1c(Cl)cc(Cl)cc1c2c3)C(O)CCN(CCCC)CCCC|StdInChI_Ref={{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}|StdInChI=1S/C26H30Cl2F3NO/c1-3-5-10-32(11-6-4-2)12-9-25(33)23-16-22-21(14-18(27)15-24(22)28)20-13-17(26(29,30)31)7-8-19(20)23/h7-8,13-16,25,33H,3-6,9-12H2,1-2H3|StdInChIKey_Ref={{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}|StdInChIKey=FOHHNHSLJDZUGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N}}<templatestyles src="Infobox drug/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles> {| class="infobox" style="border-spacing:2px;" |+ class="infobox-title" id="9" |<span title="International nonproprietary name (INN): <nowiki&gt;Halofantrine</nowiki&gt;">Halofantrine</span> | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Halofantrine.svg|class=skin-invert-image|frameless]] |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddd;color:inherit;" |Ihe ọmụma gbasara ahụike |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em;" |[[Drug nomenclature#Trade names|Aha azụmahịa]] | class="infobox-data" |Halfan |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em;" |[[American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|AHFS]]/[[Drugs.com]] | class="infobox-data" |<span title="www.drugs.com">[https://www.drugs.com/cdi/halofantrine.html Ihe ọmụma Ọgwụ Ndị Ahịa]</span> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em;" |[[MedlinePlus]] | class="infobox-data" |<span title="medlineplus.gov">[https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a603030.html a6030]</span> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em;" |[[Route of administration|Ụzọ nchịkwa<br />]] | class="infobox-data" |Okwu |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em;" |[[Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System|Koodu ATC]] | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="plainlist"> * P01BX01 (<span title="www.whocc.no">[https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=P01BX01 WHO]</span>) &#x20;&#x20; </div> |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddd;color:inherit;" |Ihe omuma pharmacokinetic |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em;" |Njikọ protein | class="infobox-data" |60–70% |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em;" |Metabolism | class="infobox-data" |Ọrịa imeju (CYP3A4-mediated) |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em;" |<nowiki><span class="nowrap">ọkara ndụ</span></nowiki> e wepụrụ | class="infobox-data" |Ụbọchị 6-10 |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddd;color:inherit;" |Ihe ndị na-eme ka a mata ya |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"><div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>Aha IUPAC</div></div> * <div style="font-size: 97%;">3- (Dibutylamino) -1-[1,3-dichloro-6- (trifluoromethyl) -9-phenanthryl]-1-propanol</div> </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em;" |Nọmba CAS | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="plainlist"> * <span title="commonchemistry.cas.org">[https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=69756-53-2 69756-53-2]</span><sup>&nbsp;[[File:Yes_check.svg|link=|alt=check|7x7px]]<span style="display:none">Y</span></sup> </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em;" |[./PubChem#&#x3C;span&#x20;style= <abbr title="<nowiki&gt;Compound ID</nowiki&gt;">CID</abbr>" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="PubChem">PubChem] CID | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="plainlist"> * <span title="pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov">[https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/37393 37393]</span> </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em;" |Ụlọ Akụ̀ Ọgwụ | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="plainlist"> * <span title="www.drugbank.ca">[https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB01218 DB01218]</span><sup>&nbsp;[[File:Yes_check.svg|link=|alt=check|7x7px]]<span style="display:none">Y</span></sup> </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em;" |ChemSpider | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="plainlist"> * <span title="www.chemspider.com">[https://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.34303.html 34303]</span><sup>&nbsp;[[File:Yes_check.svg|link=|alt=check|7x7px]]<span style="display:none">Y</span></sup> </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em;" |UNII | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="plainlist"> * <span title="precision.fda.gov">[https://precision.fda.gov/uniisearch/srs/unii/Q2OS4303HZ Q2OS4303HZ]</span> </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em;" |ChEMBL | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="plainlist"> * <span title="www.ebi.ac.uk">[https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/explore/compound/ChEMBL1107 ChEMBL1107]</span><sup>&nbsp;[[File:Yes_check.svg|link=|alt=check|7x7px]]<span style="display:none">Y</span></sup> </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em;" |CompTox Dashboard <span style="font-weight:normal"> (<abbr title="<nowiki&gt;U.S. Environmental Protection Agency</nowiki&gt;">EPA</abbr>) </span> | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="plainlist"> * <span title="comptox.epa.gov">[https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID0023119 DTXSID0023119][[File:OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg|link=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q947595#P3117|text-top|class=noprint|frameless|10x10px|Edit this at Wikidata]]</span> </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em;" |<nowiki><span title="echa.europa.eu">ECHA InfoCard</span></nowiki> | class="infobox-data" |[https://echa.europa.eu/substance-information/-/substanceinfo/100.067.346 100.067.346][[File:OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg|link=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q947595#P2566|text-top|class=noprint|frameless|10x10px|Edit this at Wikidata]] |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddd;color:inherit;" |Ihe omuma kemịkal na nke anụ ahụ |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em;" |Nhazi | class="infobox-data" |<span title="Carbon">C</span><sub>26</sub><span title="Hydrogen">H</span><sub>30</sub><span title="Chlorine">Cl</span><sub>2</sub><span title="Fluorine">F</span><sub>3</sub><span title="Nitrogen">N</span><span title="Oxygen">O</span> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em;" |Ọkpụkpụ nke ọkpụkpụ | class="infobox-data" |<span class="nowrap">500.43</span> g·mol-1&nbsp;<sup>−1</sup> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em;" |Ihe nlereanya 3D (JSmol) | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="plainlist"> * <span title="chemapps.stolaf.edu (3D interactive model)">[https://chemapps.stolaf.edu/jmol/jmol.php?model=FC%28F%29%28F%29c3ccc2c%28cc1c%28Cl%29cc%28Cl%29cc1c2c3%29C%28O%29CCN%28CCCC%29CCCC Foto na-emekọrịta ihe]</span> </div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"><div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>Udo</div></div> * <div style="word-wrap:break-word; text-indent:-1.5em; text-align:left; padding-left:1.5em; font-size:97%; line-height:120%;">FC (F) (F) c3ccc2c (cc1c (Cl) cc (Cl) cc1c2c3) C (O) CCN (CCCC) CCCC</div> </div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"><div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>InChI</div></div> * <div style="word-wrap:break-word; text-indent:-1.5em; text-align:left; padding-left:1.5em; font-size:97%; line-height:120%;">InChI=1S/C26H30Cl2F3NO/c1-3-5-10-32 (11-6-4-2) 12-9-25 (33) 23-16-22-21 (14-18 (27) 15-24 (22) 28) 20-13-17 (26 (29,30) 31) 7-8-19 (20) 23/h7-8,13-16,25,33H,3-6,9-12H2,1-2H3 <sup>&nbsp;[[File:Yes_check.svg|link=|alt=check|7x7px]]<span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></div> * <div style="word-wrap:break-word; text-indent:-1.5em; text-align:left; padding-left:1.5em; font-size:97%; line-height:120%;">Isi: FOHHNHSLJDZUGQ-UHFFFAO<sup>&nbsp;[[File:Yes_check.svg|link=|alt=check|7x7px]]<span style="display:none">Y</span></sup>-N Y</div> </div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-below" |<templatestyles src="Nobold/styles.css" /><span class="nobold">&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ComparePages&rev1=461766301&page2=Halofantrine (Nnyocha)]</span></span> |} '''Halofantrine''' ọgwụ a na-eji agwọ [[Iba|ịba]]. Ọdịdị Halofantrine nwere phenanthrene e dochiri anya ya, o nwekwara njikọ ya na [[:en:Antimalarial_drug|ọgwụ mgbochi ịba]] ahụ bụ quinine na [[lumefantrine]]. A na-ere ya dị ka '''Halfan''', a naghị eji halofantrine egbochi ịba n'ụzọ ọbụla, a maghịkwa otu o si arụ ọrụ, ọ bụ ezie na nyocha crystallographic gosiri na ọ na-ejikọta na [[:en:Hematin|hematin]] ''in vitro'', na-atụ aro usoro o nwere ike i si na-arụ ọrụ ya.<ref name="pmid18508124">{{Cite journal|title=The crystal structure of halofantrine-ferriprotoporphyrin IX and the mechanism of action of arylmethanol antimalarials|journal=J. Inorg. Biochem.|volume=102|pages=1660–7|year=2008|pmid=18508124|doi=10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2008.04.001|issue=8}}</ref> E gosikwala na Halofantrine na-ejikọta ya na plasmepsin, enzyme na-emebi haemoglobin nke dị iche dịịrị nje ịba.<ref name="pmid19472268">{{Cite journal|title=Discovery of plasmepsin inhibitors by fragment-based docking and consensus scoring|journal=ChemMedChem|volume=4|pages=1317–26|year=2009|pmid=19472268|doi=10.1002/cmdc.200900078|issue=8|url=http://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/23625/2/Ran_ChemMedChem_2009_accepted_with_figures_V.pdf|accessdate=2019-04-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200807142936/https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/23625/2/Ran_ChemMedChem_2009_accepted_with_figures_V.pdf|archive-date=2020-08-07|url-status=dead}}</ref> E mepụtara Halofantrine na SRI International maka Walter Reed Army Institute of Research site site na 1965 ruo 1975 site n'aka otu nke onye na-ahụ maka ọgwụ William Colwell duziri.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Nielson|first=Donald|title=A Heritage of Innovation: SRI's First Half Century|url=https://archive.org/details/heritageofinnova0000niel|publisher=SRI International|year=2006|isbn=978-0974520810|location=[[Menlo Park, California]]|pages=((10{{Hyphen}}3–10{{Hyphen}}5))}}</ref> == Mmeghachi omume ọjọọ Ọ Na-Emeghachi N'ahụ == Halofantrine nwere ike ịkpata mgbu afọ, [[afọ ọsịsa]], ịgbọ agbọ, ihe itokasị mmadụ n'ahụ, isi ọwụwa, ọkọ ịkọkasị mmadụ n'ahụ na enzymes imeju dị elu. Enwere ike ijikọta ya na [[:en:Cardiotoxicity|ọrịa obi]].<ref name="pmid10824631">{{Cite journal|title=Mechanism of cardiotoxicity of halofantrine|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_clinical-pharmacology-and-therapeutics_2000-04_67_5/page/521|journal=Clin. Pharmacol. Ther.|volume=67|issue=5|pages=521–9|date=May 2000|pmid=10824631|doi=10.1067/mcp.2000.106127}}</ref> Mmetụta ya kachasị ize ndụ bụ [[:en:Cardiac_arrhythmia|arrhythmias nke obi]]: halofantrine na-akpata [[:en:QT_prolongation|mgbatị QT]] , a na-ahụkwa mmetụta ọjọọ ya ọbụna na mgbe a ṅụrụ ya otu o kwesịrị.<ref name="pmid15558243">{{Cite journal|title=Block of wild-type and inactivation-deficient human ether-a-go-go-related gene K+ channels by halofantrine|journal=Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol.|volume=370|issue=6|pages=484–91|year=2004|pmid=15558243|doi=10.1007/s00210-004-0995-5}}</ref> Ya mere, ekwesighi inye ya ndị ọrịa nwere ọrịa obi, ekwesighikwa ijikọta ya na mefloquine. Nnyocha sitere na 2009 na-atụ aro na ọgwụ ahụ dị mma mgbe a na-enye ya n'ụzọ ziri ezi.<ref name="pmid20003315">{{Cite journal|title=Fatal cardiotoxicity related to halofantrine: a review based on a worldwide safety data base|journal=Malaria Journal|volume=8|year=2009|pmid=20003315|doi=10.1186/1475-2875-8-289}}</ref> == Mmeghachi omume ọjọọ ndị ọzọ == Iri mkpụrụ osisi grapefruit mgbe a nụrụ ọgwụ ụfọdụ nwere ike ịkpata [[:en:Grapefruit#Drug_interactions|mmetụta siri ike]], ọbụnakwa ọnwụ. Halofantrine e jikọtara ya na mkpụrụ osisi a ma ọ bụ mmiri grapefruit dị ize ndụ. Usoro ịrụ ọrụ ya bụ igbochi CYP3A4, nke dị mkpa iji gbarie ọgwụ ahụ ma wepụ ya n'ahụ. Na-enweghị CYP3A4, ọkwa nke ọgwụ ahụ ga-aghọ ihe na-egbu egbu n'ime ahụ. == Ọmụmụ Ọgwụ a == A maghị usoro ọrụ nke halofantrine. Mmikọrọ nke halofantrine n'ahụ na-agbanwe agbanwe, mana ọ na-abawanye mgbe a na-aṅụ ya na nri nwere abụba. N'ihi egwu nke nsị n'ihi mmụba nke halofantrine n'ọbara, e kwesịrị ị na-aṅụ halofantrine n'afọ efu. Ogo Plasma na-arị elu na awa iri na isii na ọkara ndụ nke ọgwụ ahụ bụ ihe dịka ụbọchị anọ. == Ojiji Ya == A na-eji Halofantrine agwọ ịba naanị. A naghị eji ya egbochi ịba ([[:en:Prophylaxis|prophylaxis]]) n'ihi ihe ize ndụ nke nsị na mmịkọrọ ya n'ahụ nke a na-apụghị ịdabere na ya. == Otu A Ga-Esi na-aṅụ Ya == Ndị okenye: ịṅụ 500mg ugboro atọ nke ọbụla n'ime ha ma awa isii gachaa. &nbsp;A ga-aṅụ Halofantrine n'afọ efu. == Ozi mmepụta na ọdịdị Ya == '''Halfan''' (GlaxoSmithKline) dị dịka mbadamba mkpụrụ ọgwụ 250 mg. &nbsp;Usoro ọgwụgwọ zuru oke (mbadamba mkpụrụ ọgwụ isii) na-efu US $ 1.40 na mba ndị na-emepe emepe. Halofantrine adịghị na UK ma ọ bụ US. == Edensibịa == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /> {{Antimalarials}} [[Otú:Short description is different from Wikidata]] [[Otú:Articles with short description]] dvyn7h0vr7a4tdn7aq6vr4opstbpvgy Mwakpo nke Borno Steeti na Junn 2024 0 80681 742132 739882 2026-10-31T11:22:41Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 742132 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />Site na ụbọchị iri abụọ ruo iri abụọ na atọ n'ọnwa Juun afọ 2014, e nwere ọtụtụ mwakpo na Steeti Borno, Naịjirịa. N'ime mwakpo ndị ahụ, e tọọrọ ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụaka dị iri itoolu na otu, e gbukwaa ihe karịrị mmadụ iri asaa. == Ndabere == Boko Haram bụ òtù ndị na-eyi ọha egwu nke Islam na-emegide ihe ọ na-ewere dị ka Westernization nke Naịjirịa, nke ha kwuru na ọ bụ isi ihe kpatara omume mpụ na mba ahụ.<ref name=Telegraph>{{cite news|title=Extremist attack in Nigeria kills 42 at boarding school|first=Damien|last=McElroy|date=6 July 2013|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/nigeria/10163942/Extremist-attack-in-Nigeria-kills-42-at-boarding-school.html|accessdate=3 October 2013}}</ref> E gbuola ọtụtụ puku mmadụ na mwakpo nke otu ahụ mere, gọọmentị etiti kwupụtara ọnọdụ mberede na Mee 2013 na Borno Steeti n'ọgụ ya megide nnupụisi ahụ.<ref name="AFP2">{{cite news|title=Nigeria school attack claims 42 lives|agency=[[Agence France-Presse]]|work=[[The Australian]]|date=6 July 2013|url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/world/nigeria-school-attack-claims-42-lives/story-e6frg6so-1226675417375|accessdate=3 October 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131221060730/http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/world/nigeria-school-attack-claims-42-lives/story-e6frg6so-1226675417375|archive-date=21 December 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, mmegide ahụ si na ya pụta emeghị ka mba ahụ kwụsie ike.<ref name=USAToday>{{cite news|title=Terrorists kidnap more than 200 Nigerian girls|date=21 April 2014|work=[[USA Today]]|first=Oren|last=Dorell|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2014/04/21/parents-234-girls-kidnapped-from-nigeria-school/7958307/|accessdate=23 April 2014}}</ref> <ref name="AQIM and Boko Haram">{{cite news|url=https://www.ctc.usma.edu/posts/aqims-threat-to-western-interests-in-the-sahel|title=AQIM and Boko Haram Threats to Western Interests in the Africa's Sahel|date=28 April 2014|first=Samuel|last=Aronson|publisher=Combating Terrorism Center Sentinel (CTC), West Point|access-date=26 June 2014|archive-date=13 May 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140513133524/https://www.ctc.usma.edu/posts/aqims-threat-to-western-interests-in-the-sahel|url-status=dead}}</ref> Mwakpo ndị Boko Haram na-eme akawanyela njọ n'afọ 2014. N'ọnwa Febụwarị, otu ahụ gburu ihe karịrị otu narị ụmụ nwoke Ndị Kraịst n'ime obodo Doron Baga na Izghe. Ọzọkwa na Febụwarị, e gburu ụmụ nwoke 59 na mwakpo Federal Government College na Yobe Steeti.<ref name=theguardian-article>{{cite news|title=Boko Haram kills 59 children at Nigerian boarding school |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/feb/25/boko-haram-kills-children-boarding-school |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140226141016/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/feb/25/boko-haram-kills-children-boarding-school |archivedate=26 February 2014 |accessdate=6 March 2014 |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |date=25 February 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ka ọ na-erule n'etiti ọnwa Eprel, a na-ata Boko Haram ụta maka ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ọnwụ 4,000 na 2014. Ndị agha wakporo tọọrọ ụmụ agbọghọ 276, nke 57 n'ime ha gbapụrụ, na Chibok. Ihe omume ahụ dọtara uche mba ụwa na ọnọdụ dị na Naijiria, mba ndị dị n'Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ kwere nkwa inyere aka lụso Boko Haram ọgụ. Mkparịta ụka iji zụọ ahịa ụmụ agbọghọ maka ndị agha e jidere, mana mkparịta ụka ahụ kwụsịrị ma onye isi ala [[Goodluck Jonathan]] kwupụtara na gọọmentị agaghị atụle azụmahịa. Ka ọ na-erule n'ọnwa Juun, a ka na-amaghị ụmụ agbọghọ ahụ. Ndị agha Naijiria na-ekwu na ha maara ebe a na-ejide ụmụ agbọghọ ahụ, mana ha na-atụ egwu iji ike mee ihe n'ihi egwu na Boko Haram ga-egbu ụmụ agbọghọ ahụ ma ọ bụrụ na a wakpo ha. E guzobere ìgwè ndị nche n'ebe ugwu niile, na-enwe ọganihu dị ala n'ịchịkwa mwakpo.<ref name=Fox>{{cite news|title=Witnesses: Extremists abduct 91 more people in Nigeria in deadly weekend attacks on villages|agency=Associated Press|date=24 June 2014|publisher=Fox News Channel|url=https://www.foxnews.com/world/witnesses-extremists-abduct-91-more-people-in-nigeria-in-deadly-weekend-attacks-on-villages/|access-date=25 June 2014}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, mwakpo ndị ahụ ka na-aga n'ihu. N'ụbọchị iri abụọ nke ọnwa Mee, e gburu mmadụ otu narị na iri na asatọ n'ime ihe mgbawa abụọ mere na Jos. N'ụbọchị sochirinụ, e gburu mmadụ iri abụọ na anọ mgbe e wakporo otu obodo nta..<ref name="BBC21">{{cite web|title=Nigeria violence: 'Boko Haram' kill 27 in village attacks|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-27498598|publisher=[[BBC News]]|date=21 May 2014|accessdate=21 May 2014}}</ref> Na 1 June, ihe dị ka mmadụ 40 Mubi nwụrụ na bọmbụ na Mubi.<ref>{{cite news|title=Mubi Attack: Prayers Saved Me From Perishing In Bomb Attack – Survivor|date=3 June 2014|author=Bayo Oladeji|author2=Mohammed Ismail|url=http://leadership.ng/news/373177/mubi-attack-prayers-saved-perishing-bomb-attack-survivor|accessdate=4 June 2014|newspaper=[[Leadership (newspaper)|Leadership]]}}</ref> Na Junn 2, afọ 2014, n'ihe omume a kpọrọ Gwoza massacre, "A kọrọ na e gburu ihe na-erughị ndị obodo 300 n'obodo atọ dị gburugburu Gwoza mpaghara gọọmentị nke Borno Steeti". == Ịtọrọ mmadụ == N'ime ọtụtụ ụbọchị, n'ihe dị ka ngwụsị izu nke 21-22 June, ndị agha Boko Haram a na-enyo enyo wakporo obodo [[Kummabza]] na ndị ọzọ atọ na [[Damboa district|Mpaghara Damboa]] nke Borno Steeti, dị ka ndị ji anya ha hụ.<ref name="VOA">{{cite news|title=Suspected Boko Haram Militants Kidnap Dozens in Nigeria|publisher=[[Voice of America]]|date=24 June 2014|url=https://www.voanews.com/a/boko-haram-suspected-in-mass-kidnappings-of-nearly-100/1943577.html|access-date=25 June 2014}}</ref> Ndị mwakpo ahụ jidere ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ agbọghọ iri isii, na ụmụ nwoke iri atọ na otu na mwakpo ahụ. Ụfọdụ n'ime ụmụ nwanyị ahụ lụrụ di ma ụmụ ahụ dị obere dị ka atọ. Onye isi ndị nche Aji Khalil kwuru na a gbagburu ndị obodo anọ nwara ịgbapụ na ndị mwakpo ahụ. Otu onye ji anya ya hụ ihe merenụ kwuru na ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ mmadụ iri atọ nwụrụ na mwakpo ahụ. Mgbe mwakpo ahụ gasịrị, ndị agadi obodo ahụ gara iri na ise (24 km) iji kọọ mwakpo ahụ ma chọọ enyemaka. Gọvanọ Borno [[Kashim Shettima]] nyere iwu ka e mee nchọpụta, mana mgbe akụkọ ahụ gbasara, gọọmentị mba ahụ gọnahụrụ ntọrọ ọ bụla. Onye na-ekwuchitere gọọmentị kwuru na "ọ dịghị ihe ọ bụla dị n'ala iji gosipụta omume ọ bụla nke ntọrọ" ma kwuo na Shettima kpebiri na ụmụ nwanyị furu efu kwagara naanị n'obodo ọzọ. Otu onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị obodo na ọtụtụ ndị ji anya ha hụ ihe merenụ, mana ọ kwadoro akụkọ ntọrọ ahụ na Agence France-Presse.<ref name="AFP">{{cite news|title=Nigeria denies latest mass abduction claims|agency=Agence France-Presse|date=25 June 2014|url=https://news.yahoo.com/nigeria-denies-latest-mass-abduction-claims-194403410.html|accessdate=25 June 2014|publisher=[[Yahoo! News]]}}</ref> N'ọnọdụ nke amaghị aha, onye ọrụ nzuzo na Ngalaba Nchebe nke Naịjirịa kwupụtara Associated Press na mwakpo mere. Otú ọ dị, ọ kọrọ na ntọrọ ahụ mere otu izu tupu mgbe ahụ, n'etiti 13 na 15 Junn.<ref name="Fox" /> == Bọmbụ na ịgba égbè == N'abalị iri abụọ na otu na iri abụọ na abụọ n'ọnwa Juun, ndị a na-enyo enyo na ha bụ ndị agha Boko Haram wakporo obodo Chuha A, Chuha B, na Korongilim dị nso na Chibok. Ndị agha na ndị na-eche nche zutere ndị mwakpo ahụ.<ref name="Fox"/><ref name="Tribune">{{cite news|title=Boko Haram kills 40 in Chibok villages |work=Nigerian Tribune |date=23 June 2014 |url=http://www.tribune.com.ng/news/news-headlines/item/8687-boko-haram-kills-40-in-chibok-villages/8687-boko-haram-kills-40-in-chibok-villages |archive-url=https://archive.today/20140628042337/http://www.tribune.com.ng/news/news-headlines/item/8687-boko-haram-kills-40-in-chibok-villages/8687-boko-haram-kills-40-in-chibok-villages |url-status=dead |archive-date=28 June 2014 |accessdate=26 June 2014 }}</ref> E bibiri obodo ndị ahụ ma gbuo ọ dịkarịa ala ndị obodo 40 n'ọgụ ahụ.<ref name="Tribune" /> Ndị omempụ isii na ihe dị ka ndị agha iri abụọ na ise gbukwara na mwakpo ahụ. Otu onye ọrụ gọọmentị kọwara ihe ahụ: "Ozu nke ndị metụtara ... kpochapụrụ obodo atọ ahụ".&nbsp; N'abalị iri abụọ na atọ n'ọnwa Juun, bọmbụ gbawara na kọleji dị na [[Kano]] gburu mmadụ asatọ ma merụọ ihe dị ka mmadụ iri abụọ ndị ọzọ ahụ. N'abalị nke 28 June, otu bọmbụ gbawara n'ụlọ ndị akwụna dị na Bauchi nke kpatara ọnwụ 11 na mmerụ ahụ 28. == Nnyocha == Onye nyocha Jacob Zenn tụrụ aro na mwakpo ọhụrụ ahụ gosipụtara na mbọ mba ụwa na-agba ịmalite ịlụso Boko Haram ọgụ kwụsịrị. Onye nyocha nchekwa Ryan Cumming kwuru na ntọrọ ọhụrụ ahụ nwere ike ịbụ mwakpo iji mee ka uche gaa na ntọrọ Chibok, na iji mee ka nrụgide dịkwuo ike iji mee nkwekọrịta mgbanwe. == Ihe si na ya pụta == N'abalị asaa n'ọnwa Julaị afọ 2014, a kọrọ na ihe karịrị ụmụ nwanyị iri isii n'ime ndị e tọọrọ agbapụọla n'aka Boko Haram. == Edensibia ==     {{Reflist}} [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] a59fysds7j9eelzw5vkfhv06c5ry63s Leymah Gbowee 0 81190 742117 741839 2026-10-31T02:45:08Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 742117 wikitext text/x-wiki {{short description|Onye na-akwado udo nke bụ onye Liberia (a mụrụ na 1972)}} {{Infobox person | name = Leymah Gbowee <!-- do not add image icons such as Nobel Peace Prize; see [[WP:ICON]] --> | image = Leymah Gbowee no Fronteiras do Pensamento Porto Alegre 2013 (9730602149) (cropped).jpg | alt = | caption = Gbowee na 2013 | birth_name = Leymah Roberta Gbowee | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1972|02|01}} | birth_place = Central [[Liberia]] | death_date = <!-- {{Death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} (death date then birth date) --> | death_place = | other_names = | known_for = [[Women of Liberia Mass Action for Peace]] and ''[[Pray the Devil Back to Hell]]'' | occupation = [[Peace activist]] | education = [[Mother Patern College of Health Sciences]] (AA)<br> [[Eastern Mennonite University]] (MA) | awards = [[Nobel Peace Prize]] ([[2011 Nobel Peace Prize|2011]]) }} '''Leymah Roberta Gbowee''' (a mụrụ ya n'ụbọchị 1 nke ọnwa Febụwarị, afọ 1972) bụ onye Liberia na-akwado udo, onye duziri otu ụmụ nwanyị na-achọ udo n'ụzọ na-adịghị eme ihe ike, nke a maara dị ka "Women of Liberia Mass Action for Peace" (Mgbakọ Ụmụ Nwanyị Liberia maka Udo). Otu a nyeere aka n'ịkwụsị Agha Obodo Liberia nke Abụọ n'afọ 2003. Mgbalị ya na nke onye ha na ya rụkọrọ ọrụ, bụ [[Ellen Johnson Sirleaf]], nyeere aka iweta oge udo ma mee ka e nwee ntuli aka n'efu na nke ziri ezi n'afọ 2005, nke Sirleaf meriri.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/10/30/africa.women/|title=African women look within for change|publisher=CNN|date=31 October 2009|archive-date=18 May 2020|access-date=10 September 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200518201040/http://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/10/30/africa.women/|url-status=dead}}</ref> E nyere Gbowee na Sirleaf, tinyere Tawakkul Karman, ihe nrite Nobel Peace Prize nke afọ 2011 "maka mgba ha na-enweghị ime ihe ike iji chebe ụmụ nwanyị ma kwado ikike ụmụ nwanyị nwere isonye n'ụzọ zuru oke n'ọrụ iwulite udo."<ref name=autogenerated5>{{cite web|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/2011/press.html |title=The Nobel Peace Prize 2011 – Press Release |publisher=Nobelprize.org |date=7 October 2011 |access-date=7 October 2011}}</ref><ref name="autogenerated7">{{Cite web |url=http://www.oprah.com/omagazine/Leymah-Gbowee-and-Abigail-Disney-Shoot-for-Peace-in-Liberia/2#ixzz1bTSs28cd |title=The Rabble Rousers |last=Conley |first=Kevin |date=2008 |website=[[O, the Oprah Magazine]] |language=en-us |access-date=19 January 2020 |archive-date=14 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180614004218/http://www.oprah.com/omagazine/Leymah-Gbowee-and-Abigail-Disney-Shoot-for-Peace-in-Liberia/2#ixzz1bTSs28cd |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Ndụ mbido== A mụrụ Leymah Gbowee na etiti [[Liberia]] na 1 February 1972. Mgbe ọ dị afọ 17, ya na nne na nna ya na ụmụnne ya nwanyị abụọ n'ime atọ bi na [[Monrovia]] ka ọ na-eme atụmatụ ịga n'ihu agụmakwụkwọ ya,<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=2024-03-18 |title=Leymah Gbowee {{!}} Biography, Nobel Prize, Foundation, Accomplishments, & Facts {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Leymah-Gbowee |access-date=2024-03-30 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref> mgbe Agha obodo mbụ nke Liberia dara na 1989,<ref>{{cite web|title= Leymah Gbowee Biography and Interview |website=www.achievement.org|publisher=[[American Academy of Achievement]]|url= https://www.achievement.org/achiever/leymah-gbowee/#interview}}</ref> nke tụbara mba ahụ n'ọgba aghara ruo 1996.<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|15–25,50}} "Ka agha ahụ na-ebelata, ọ matara maka otu mmemme nke UNICEF na-elekọta... nke na-azụ ndị mmadụ ka ha bụrụ ndị ọrụ na-elekọta ọdịmma ọha, bụ ndị ga-enye ndụmọdụ nye ndị agha kpatara oke nhụjuanya n'obi," ka Gbowee dere n'akwụkwọ akụkọ ndụ ya nke afọ 2011, nke a na-akpọ ''Mighty Be Our Powers''.<ref name="MightyBe">{{Cite book |title=Mighty Be Our Powers: How Sisterhood, Prayer and Sex Changed a Nation at War: A Memoir |url=https://archive.org/details/mightybeourpower0000gbow |last1=Gbowee |first1=Leymah |last2=Mithers |first2=Carol |author-link1=Leymah Gbowee |date=2011 |publisher=[[Beast Books]] |isbn=978-0-9842951-5-9 |location=New York |oclc=751747258}}</ref>{{rp|50}} Ọ gụchara ọzụzụ dị ọnwa atọ, nke mere ka ọ ghọta na nna ụmụ ya abụọ nta—nwa ya nwoke bụ Joshua "Nuku" na nwa ya nwanyị bụ Amber—na-emegbu ya.<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|50}} N'ịchọ udo na ihe oriri maka ezinụlọ ya, Gbowee sooro di ya, akpọrọ Daniel n'akwụkwọ ncheta ya, gaa Ghana ebe ya na ezinụlọ ya na-eto eto (ọ mụrụ nwa ya nwoke nke abụọ, Arthur) bi dị ka ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ na-enweghị ebe obibi ma fọrọ nke nta ka agụụ gbụọ ha.<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|59–68}} Ọ kpọrọ ụmụ ya atọ wee gbaa ọsọ, na-agba bọs n'ụgwọ ruo ihe karịrị otu izu "n'ihi na enweghị m otu mkpụrụ ego," laghachi n'ọnọdụ ọgba aghara dị na Liberia, ebe ndị mụrụ ya na ndị ezinụlọ ya ndị ọzọ ka bi.<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|69}} N'afọ 1998, n'ọchịchọ ya ịbanye n'usoro ọmụmụ maka nzere 'Associate of Arts' na ngalaba ọrụ mmekọrịta ọha na eze (social work) na kọleji Mother Patern College of Health Sciences, Gbowee malitere ịrụ ọrụ afọ ofufo n'otu mmemme nke Chọọchị Lutheran dị na Liberia. A na-arụ ọrụ a n'ime ụlọ ụka St. Peter's Lutheran dị na Monrovia—ebe nne ya bụ onye ndu ụmụ nwanyị, nakwa ebe o ji oge uto ya niile biri. A na-akpọ mmemme ahụ 'Trauma Healing and Reconciliation Program' (THRP), ọ bụkwa ya malitere njem Gbowee n'ịghọ onye na-akwado udo:<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|80–82}} Ọfịs THRP ahụ dị ọhụrụ, mana mmemme ahụ nwere akụkọ ihe mere eme. Ụlọ ụka dị na Liberia anọgidewo na-arụsi ọrụ ike n'ịchọ udo kemgbe agha obodo malitere; n'afọ 1991, ndị ụkọchukwu Lutheran, ndị ndu ụka na-abụghị ndị ụkọchukwu, ndị nkuzi, na ndị ọrụ ahụike jikọrọ aka na Christian Health Association of Liberia iji gbalịa idozi mmebi uche na nke mmekọrịta ọha na eze nke agha ahụ kpatara.<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|81}} Gbowee gụrụ akwụkwọ wee rụkwaa ụzọ ya gaa n'ọkwa mmụta nka, enyere ya na 2001,<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|111}} ka ọ na-etinye n'ọrụ ihe ọ mụtara gbasara ịgwọ ọnya mmetụta uche na ime ka ndị mmadụ dịghachi ná mma, n'ịgbalị inyere ụfọdụ n'ime ndị bụbu ụmụaka a na-etinye n'agha n'òtù ndị agha Charles Taylor aka ịghọghachi ndị bara uru n'obodo.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.peaceprizeforum.org/gbowee_biography.html |title=Leymah Gbowee Biography |website=Nobel Peace Prize Forum |access-date=31 October 2011 }}{{Dead link|date=February 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}[http://www.peaceprizeforum.org/gbowee_biography.html Leymah Gbowee Biography]{{dead link|date=October 2011 }}</ref> Ka ihe ngosi agha gbara ya gburugburu, ọ ghọtara na "ọ bụrụ na a ga-enwe mgbanwe ọ bụla n'ime ọha mmadụ, ọ bụ ndị nne ga-emerịrị ya".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gruberprizes.org/GruberPrizes/WomensRights_LaureateBio.php?id=86&awardid=53 |title=2009 Gruber Foundation Women's Rights Prize |publisher=Gruberprizes.org |access-date=7 October 2011}}</ref> Gbowee mụrụ nwa ya nwanyị nke abụọ, bụ Nicole "Pudu", nke mere ka ọ bụrụ nne ụmụ anọ, ka ọ na-amalite akụkụ ọzọ nke njem ndụ ya—ịkpọkọta ụmụ nwanyị Liberia ka ha kwụsị ime ihe ike ahụ na-ebibi ụmụ ha.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://niew-womenincrisis.org/?p=39|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110415110612/http://niew-womenincrisis.org/?p=39|url-status=dead|archive-date=15 April 2011|title=Leymah Gbowee, Women in Peace and Security Network Africa — NIEW INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2010<!-- Bot generated title -->|access-date=13 December 2016}}</ref> ==Agụmakwụkwọ na ọzụzụ== Gbowee nwetara nzere 'Associate of Arts' na ngalaba ọrụ mmekọrịta ọha na eze (n'afọ 2001) site na Mother Patern College of Health Sciences dị na Monrovia, Liberia, ma mesịa nweta nzere 'Master of Arts' na Conflict Transformation (n'afọ 2007) site na Eastern Mennonite University dị na Harrisonburg, Virginia.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Road |first=Copyright © 2006-2026 Eastern Mennonite University 1200 Park |last2=Harrisonburg |last3=Fax: 540-432-4444 |first3=Virginia 22802 Phone: 540-432-4000 |date=2011-10-07 |title=EMU Alum Wins Nobel Peace Prize |url=https://emu.edu/now/news/2011/emu-alum-wins-nobel-peace-prize/ |access-date=2026-02-25 |website=EMU News |language=en-US}}</ref> O nwetakwara asambodo na ọzụzụ gbasara igbochi esemokwu na iwulite udo site n'aka United Nations Institute for Training, Healing Victims of War Trauma Center dị na Cameroon, na Non-Violent Peace Education dị na Liberia.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://womenpeacesecurity.org/programs-events/peacebuilders/leymah_roberta_gbowee/ |title=Making Peace Work for Women |publisher=Womenpeacesecurity.org |date=26 October 2006|access-date=7 October 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111030031915/http://womenpeacesecurity.org/programs-events/peacebuilders/leymah_roberta_gbowee |archive-date=30 October 2011 }}</ref> ==Ọrụ== Gbowee bụ onye guzobere ma bụrụkwa onyeisi oche nke Gbowee Peace Foundation Africa, nke e hiwere na 2012<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.liberianobserver.com/index.php/news/item/1972-us$50000-scholarship-for-liberian-women-gbowee-foundation-discloses|title=US$50,000 Scholarship for Liberian Women, Gbowee Foundation Discloses|access-date=5 February 2018|archive-date=14 May 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130514095525/http://www.liberianobserver.com/index.php/news/item/1972-us$50000-scholarship-for-liberian-women-gbowee-foundation-discloses|url-status=dead}}</ref> ma nwee isi ụlọ ọrụ ya na Monrovia, nke na-enye ụmụ agbọghọ, ụmụ nwanyị na ndị ntorobịa ohere agụmakwụkwọ na nke ịbụ ndị ndu na Liberia.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Our Story |url=https://gboweepeaceafrica.org/our-story |access-date=2026-10-06 |website=Gbowee Peace Foundation Africa (GPFA) |language=en-US}}</ref> Na mgbakwunye, Gbowee bụbu onye isi nchịkwa nke ''Women Peace and Security Network Africa'', nke nwere isi ụlọ ọrụ ya na Accra, [[Ghana]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.huntalternatives.org/pages/7352_leymah_gbowee.cfm |title=Hunt Alternatives Fund, Directory of Women Experts |publisher=Huntalternatives.org |access-date=7 October 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111001201036/http://www.huntalternatives.org/pages/7352_leymah_gbowee.cfm |archive-date=1 October 2011 }}</ref> nke na-ewulite mmekọrịta n'ofe mpaghara West Africa iji kwado ikike ụmụ nwanyị nwere igbochi, izere, na ịkwụsị esemokwu. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị tọrọ ntọala ma bụrụkwa onye bụbu onye nhazi nke mmemme Women in Peacebuilding Program/West African Network for Peacebuilding (WIPNET/WANEP).<ref name="MightyBe" /> Ọ rụkwara ọrụ dị ka onye a họpụtara ịbụ kọmishọna maka Kọmitii Na-ahụ Maka Eziokwu na Mmekọrịta Udo na Liberia. N'ime afọ agụmakwụkwọ 2013–2015, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka ọkachamara pụrụ iche (Distinguished Fellow) n'ihe gbasara ikpe ziri ezi n'ọha mmadụ na Barnard College nke Mahadum Columbia.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://barnard.edu/news/barnard-welcomes-nobel-laureate-leymah-gbowee-distinguished-fellow-social-justice |title=Barnard Welcomes Nobel Laureate Leymah Gbowee as Distinguished Fellow in Social Justice |publisher=Barnard.edu |access-date=2013-11-19 |archive-date=2013-12-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203114218/http://barnard.edu/news/barnard-welcomes-nobel-laureate-leymah-gbowee-distinguished-fellow-social-justice |url-status=dead }}</ref> Site na afọ 2012 ruo 2014, Gbowee rụrụ ọrụ n'ime Kọmitii Pụrụ Iche nke Ọkwa Elu maka International Conference on Population and Development, nke [[Joaquim Chissano]] na [[Tarja Halonen]] so duzie dị ka ndị isi oche.<ref>[https://www.icpdtaskforce.org/task-force-members/ Members] High-Level Task Force for the International Conference on Population and Development.</ref> Na 2013, ọ ghọrọ Onye nnọchiteanya Oxfam n'ụwa niile.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.oxfam.org/en/about/ambassadors/leymah-gbowee |title=Leymah Gbowee &#124; Oxfam International |access-date=19 March 2014 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20140319190159/http://www.oxfam.org/en/about/ambassadors/leymah-gbowee |archive-date=19 March 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Gbowee na-enye okwu n'ọkwa mba ụwa iji kwalite ikike ụmụ nwanyị, yana udo na nchekwa. N'afọ 2016, Gbowee kwuru okwu n'oge ngagharị iwe nke otu a na-akpọ [[Women Wage Peace]] haziri; nke a bụ otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị sitere n'aka ndị nkịtị na-arụ ọrụ iji kwalite nkwekọrịta udo n'etiti Israel na Palestine.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/middle_east/these-israeli-women-marched-from-the-lebanese-border-to-jerusalem-heres-why/2016/10/19/a9b67618-b92c-4c7a-9ad8-d992477e7db1_story.html|title=These Israeli women marched from the Lebanese border to Jerusalem. Here's why.|newspaper=Washington Post|access-date=16 July 2017}}</ref> Gbowee bụkwa onye na-akwado n'ihu ọha nzukọ anaghị achọ uru nke Ebenezer Norman, onye obodo Liberia ibe ya, nke a na-akpọ ''A New Dimension of Hope''—otu ntọala na-ewu ụlọ akwụkwọ na Liberia. N'ọnwa Mee afọ 2015, o degaara ndị nyere aka n'ọrụ nchịkọta ego nzukọ ahụ na ikpo okwu Indiegogo akwụkwọ ozi nkeonwe, ma kwuo okwu n'emume ha dị iche iche.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.regis.edu/News-Events-Media/News/2018/August/Nobel%20Prize.aspx|title=Regis University Welcomes 2011 Nobel Peace Prize Winner|website=www.regis.edu|access-date=10 October 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://goodmenproject.com/featured-content/small-village-and-elementary-school-in-africa-destroyed-by-corrupt-goernment-wcz/|title=Small Village and Elementary School in Africa Destroyed by Corrupt Government|date=2016-06-14|website=The Good Men Project|language=en-US|access-date=10 October 2019}}</ref><ref>New Dimension of Hope, [http://www.prlog.org/12455792-african-charity-launches-crowd-funding-campaign-to-build-school-in-liberia.html "African Charity Launches Crowd-funding Campaign to Build School in Liberia"], prlog.org, 13 May 2015. Web. 26 May 2015.</ref><ref>Angelini, Anthony. [https://www.indiegogo.com/projects/ndhope-s-school-building-project-in-liberia#/story "NDHope's School Building Project in Liberia"]. Indiegogo. New Dimension of Hope, 5 May 2015. Web. 26 May 2015.</ref> Ka ọ na-erule ọnwa Eprel afọ 2017, Gbowee na-ejekwa ozi dị ka Onye Isi Nchịkwa nke Mmemme Ụmụnwanyị maka Udo na Nchekwa (Women of Peace and Security Program) na AC4, nke dị n'ime Earth Institute nke Mahadum Columbia.<ref>[http://sps.columbia.edu/negotiation-and-conflict-resolution/news/nobel-peace-prize-laureate-direct-columbias-women-peace-and "Nobel Peace Prize Laureate to Direct Columbia's Women, Peace, and Security Initative"] [sic], Columbia SPS, 20 February 2017.</ref> Gbowee na-edekwara ''[[The Daily Beast]]'' ihe.<ref>{{cite news | url =https://www.thedailybeast.com/leymah-gbowee-wins-nobel-peace-prize | title =Leymah Gbowee Wins Nobel Peace Prize | date =October 7, 2011 | website =The Daily Beast |access-date =15 October 2017 |quote=Liberian peace activist and Daily Beast contributor Leymah Gbowee was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize on Friday for her "non-violent struggle for the safety of women and for women's rights to full participation in peace-building work." }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url =https://www.thedailybeast.com/author/leymah-gbowee.html | title =Leymah Gbowee | website =thedailybeast.com | date =15 December 2012 | publisher =The Daily Beast | access-date=15 October 2017}}</ref> ===Itinye aka na ọgwụgwọ mmerụ ahụ=== N'oge opupu ihe ubi nke 1999, mgbe Gbowee nọrọla na ọrụ ọgwụgwọ Trauma otu afọ,<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|95}} onye na-elekọta ya, bụ́ Reverend Bartholomew Bioh "BB" Colley—onye bụ́ pastọ n'Ụka Lutheran dị na Liberia—gosiri ya n'ebe [[Samuel Gbaydee Doe]] nọ (onye na-enweghị njikọ ọ bụla na onye bụbu onye isi ala Liberia nwere otu aha mbụ na aha nna ahụ),<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|98}} onye Liberia nwere "ịnụ ọkụ n'obi na ọgụgụ isi"<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|107}} onye ka nwetara nzere 'master's' n'otu mahadum Ndị Kraịst dị na United States, nke gbadoro ụkwụ pụrụ iche n'ọmụmụ gbasara iwulite udo.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sam Gbaydee Doe – Peacebuilder Online |url=https://emu.edu/now/peacebuilder/cjp-alumni/sam-gbaydee-doe/ |access-date=2026-02-25 |website=emu.edu}}</ref> Doe bụ onye isi oche nke ọgbakọ udo mbụ mpaghara Africa, West Africa Network for Peacebuilding (WANEP),<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wanep.org |title=West Africa Network for Peacebuilding (WANEP) |website=www.wanep.org |access-date=20 October 2011}}{{title missing|date=May 2022}}</ref> nke o so guzobe na 1998 na Ghana.<ref>Lynda Hollinger Janzen, "Africa-based peace initiative grows out of Liberian tragedy", ''Mennonite Weekly Review'', Vol. 82, No. 31, 2 August 2004, p. 7.</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=About-Us |url=http://www.wanep.org/wanep/about-us-our-story/about-us.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131111175829/http://www.wanep.org/wanep/about-us-our-story/about-us.html |archive-date=2013-11-11 |access-date=2026-02-25 |website=www.wanep.org |language=en-gb}}</ref> Site n'agba ume sitere n'aka onye ụkọchukwu Lutheran ọ na-akpọ "BB", Gbowee malitere ịgụ akwụkwọ dị iche iche gbasara iwulite udo; karịsịa, ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ bụ ''The Politics of Jesus'' nke ọkà mmụta okpukperechi Mennonite bụ John Howard Yoder dere, yana ọrụ ndị Martin Luther King Jr., Gandhi, na onye edemede si Kenya bụkwa ọkachamara n'ihe gbasara esemokwu na ime ka udo dị n'etiti ndị mmadụ, bụ Hizkias Assefa, dere.<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|88}} Ka ọ na-erule ngwụcha afọ 1999, "WANEP na-agba mbọ nke ukwuu itinye ụmụ nwanyị n'ọrụ ya, a kpọkwara m ka m gaa nzukọ na Ghana," ka Gbowee dere.<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|101}} N'ọgbakọ WANEP ọzọ e nwere n'ọnwa Ọktoba afọ 2000, Gbowee zutere [[Thelma Ekiyor]] si Naịjirịa, onye "nwere ezigbo agụmakwụkwọ, bụrụkwa ọkaiwu ọkachamara n'ụzọ ndị ọzọ a na-esi edozi esemokwu."<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|107–108}} Ekiyor gwara Gbowee maka echiche ya ịgakwuru WANEP ka ha guzobe otu ụmụ nwanyị. "Thelma bụ onye na-eche echiche miri emi ma nwee ọhụụ, dịka BB na Sam. Mana ọ bụ nwanyị, dịka mụ onwe m."<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|109}} N'ime otu afọ, Ekiyor nwetara ego nkwado site na WANEP ma hazie nzukọ mbụ nke Women in Peacebuilding Network (WIPNET) na Accra, Ghana, nke Gbowee gara: <blockquote>Kedu ka a ga-esi kọwaa obi ụtọ dị na nzukọ mbụ ahụ...? E nwere ụmụ nwanyị si Sierra Leone, Guinea, Nigeria, Senegal, Burkina Faso, na Togo – ya bụ, ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ mba niile dị iri na isii n'Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ Afrịka. Site n'ụzọ dị jụụ mana nke gosipụtara ọgụgụ isi pụrụ iche, Thelma ji aka ya dee akwụkwọ ntuziaka maka ọzụzụ ndị nhazi; akwụkwọ ahụ nwere ihe omume ndị ga-eme ka ụmụ nwanyị pụta n'ihu, tinye aka n'ihe a na-eme, mụta maka esemokwu na otu esi edozi ha, ma nyere ha aka ịghọta ihe mere o ji dị mkpa ka ha tinye aka n'idozi nsogbu ndị a.<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|112}}</blockquote> N'etiti ụmụ nwanyị ndị ọzọ nwere ọmịiko ma na-achọkwa udo, Gbowee kọrọ akụkụ ndị na-ewute obi n'akụkọ ndụ ya nke mbụ ya; nke a gụnyere oge ya na nwa ya a mụrụ ọhụrụ nọrọ otu izu na-ehi ụra n'ala n'okporo ụzọ ụlọ ọgwụ n'ihi na o nweghị ego ọ ga-eji kwụọ ụgwọ ụlọ ọgwụ ahụ, ọ nweghịkwa onye ga-enyere ya aka.<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|113}} "Ọ dịghị onye ọzọ n'Africa na-eme nke a: ilekwasị anya naanị n'ụmụ nwanyị na naanị n'iwulite udo."<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|113}} Ekiyor ghọrọ onye nkuzi na enyi Gbowee. Ọ bụkwa ya kwupụtara mmalite nke WIPNET na Liberia ma họpụta Gbowee ka ọ bụrụ onye nhazi nke Liberian Women's Initiative.<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|114–115}} Enwere ike ịsị na echiche Gbowee banyere "ụka na-akwado udo" sitere n'oge a – Thelma Ekiyor, Rev. "BB" Colley, Samuel Gbaydee Doe, na Hizkias Assefa nwere njikọ niile na Eastern Mennonite University dị na United States, ma ọ bụ dị ka ndị gụburu akwụkwọ n'ebe ahụ ma ọ bụ (n'ihe gbasara Assefa) dị ka onye nkuzi na-arụ ọrụ n'ebe ahụ ugbu a.<ref name=autogenerated9>[http://emu.edu/now/news/2011/10/nobel-prize-winner-connected-to-peace-church-tradition/ "Nobel Prize Winner Connected to Peace-Church Tradition"]. Retrieved 20 October 2011.</ref> ===Na-edu otu ìgwè ụmụ nwanyị=== N'oge opupu ihe ubi nke afọ 2002, Gbowee na-arụ ọrụ n'ehihie iji nyere ndị mmadụ aka ịgwọ ọnya mmetụta uche, ebe ọ na-ejikwa oge mgbede ya arụ ọrụ dị ka onye ndu WIPNET na Liberia n'enweghị ụgwọ ọ bụla. Ụmụ ya—gụnyere nwa nwanyị ọ nabatara aha ya bụ Lucia "Malou" (nke mere ka ọnụọgụ ụmụ ya ruo ise)—bi na Ghana n'okpuru nlekọta nwanne ya nwanyị.<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|148}} Ka ọ na-ehi ụra n'ọfịs WIPNET n'otu abalị, o tetara na nrọ ebe o kwuru na Chineke gwara ya, sị: "Kpọkọtanụ ụmụ nwanyị ma kpee ekpere maka udo!"<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|122}} Ụfọdụ ndị enyi nyeere ya aka ịghọta na nrọ ahụ abụghị maka ndị ọzọ dịka Gbowee chere; kama, ọ ghọtara na ọ dị mkpa ka ya onwe ya mee ihe banyere ya.<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|122}}<ref name="podcastFaith">{{Cite podcast |url=https://emu.edu/now/podcast/2009/10/23/the-faith-of-a-peacebuilder-leymah-gbowee/ |title=The Faith of a Peacebuilder – Leymah Gbowee – Eastern Mennonite University Podcast |website=emu.edu |access-date=19 January 2020}}</ref> Na-esochi nkuzi WIPNET na Liberia,<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|124}} Gbowee na ndị ya na ha na-arụkọ ọrụ, gụnyere otu nwanyị Mandingo onye Alakụba aha ya bụ Asatu, malitere site n'ịga "n'ụlọ alakụba n'ehihie Fraịde mgbe ekpere gasịrị, n'ahịa n'ụtụtụ Satọde, nakwa n'ụlọ ụka abụọ kwa Sọnde."<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|126}} Akwụkwọ ozi ha dere, sị: " Ike agwụla anyị! Ike agwụla anyị n'ihe gbasara igbu ụmụ anyị! Ike agwụla anyị n'ihe gbasara mmegbu a na-emegbu anyị!! Ụmụ nwanyị, teta n'ụra – unu nwere olu n'usoro iweta udo!" Ha nyekwara ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị na-apụghị ịgụ akwụkwọ ihe osise dị mfe iji kọwaa ebumnuche ha.<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|127}} Ka ọ na-erule oge ọkọchị nke afọ 2002, a ghọtara Gbowee dị ka onye na-ekwuru okwu na onye ndu na-akpali mmụọ maka otu "Women of Liberia Mass Action for Peace"—otu a kọwara dị ka òtù na-akwado udo nke malitere mgbe ụmụ nwanyị bi n'ógbè ahụ malitere ikpe ekpere na ịbụ abụ n'ahịa azụ̀.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.odemagazine.com/blogs/readers_blog/9001/leymah_gbowee_peace_warrior_for_liberia |title=2009 Peace warrior for Liberia |publisher=Odemagazine.com |date=20 July 2009 |access-date=7 October 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091227090728/http://www.odemagazine.com/blogs/readers_blog/9001/leymah_gbowee_peace_warrior_for_liberia |archive-date=December 27, 2009 }}</ref> Ụmụ nwanyị na-emegidekwa agha ahụ site n'ibu ọnụ na ịga n'ụlọ gọọmentị na-eme mkpọtụ.<ref name=":3" /> N'ịrụ ọrụ gafere oke okpukperechi na agbụrụ, Gbowee duziri ọtụtụ puku ụmụ nwanyị Ndị Kraịst na ndị Alakụba ka ha gbakọta na Monrovia ruo ọtụtụ ọnwa. Ha kpere ekpere maka udo site n'iji ụdị ekpere nke ndị Alakụba na nke Ndị Kraịst, ma mesịa mee ngagharị iwe na ọrụ ịnọdụ ala n'ebe ọha na eze kwa ụbọchị n'ụzọ na-enweghị ime ihe ike, na-emegide iwu sitere n'aka onye isi ala na-achị aka ike n'oge ahụ, bụ Charles Taylor.<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|128,135}} Ha mere ngagharị iwe nke gụnyere iyi egwu nke [[Anasyrma|ọbụbụ ọnụ]] na [[mmekọahụ]]. Banyere ngagharị iwe ahụ, Gbowee kwuru, "Mgbagharị ahụ [mmekọahụ] dịgidere, na-aga n'ihu ma na-apụ, ruo ọnwa ole na ole. O nweghị mmetụta bara uru ma ọ bụ na ọ dịghị, mana ọ bara nnukwu uru n'ịdọta uche anyị na mgbasa ozi."<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|147}} N'ime ihe dị oke egwu ha mere, ụmụ nwanyị ahụ mechara weghara otu ámá egwuregwu bọọlụ; ọ dị n'akụkụ okporo ụzọ Tubman Boulevard, bụ́ ụzọ Charles Taylor na-esi aga ma na-alọta Capitol Hill ugboro abụọ kwa ụbọchị.<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|136}} Iji mee ka a mata ha nke ọma dị ka otu, ụmụ nwanyị niile yi uwe elu 'T-shirt' na-acha ọcha—nke na-anọchite anya udo—nke nwere akara WIPNET, ma jiri ihe e ji kee ntutu isi na-acha ọcha kee ntutu ha.<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|136}} N'ikpeazụ, Taylor kwere ka e nwee nzukọ iji gee ụmụ nwanyị ahụ ntị n'ụbọchị nke 23 n'ọnwa Eprel afọ 2003. Ebe ọ bụ na ihe karịrị puku ụmụ nwanyị abụọ gbakọtara n'èzí ụlọ ọchịchị ya, ọ bụ Gbowee ka a họpụtara ka ọ kọwaara ya okwu ha.<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|140}} Gbowee tụgharịrị ihu ya ka Taylor nwee ike ịhụ ya, mana ọ gwara [[Grace Minor]] okwu—onye bụ́ onyeisi ndị omeiwu nakwa naanị nwanyị nọ n'ọkwa gọọmentị nọ ebe ahụ: <blockquote>Ike agwụla anyị n'ihe gbasara agha. Ike agwụla anyị ịna-agba ọsọ ndụ. Ike agwụla anyị ịna-arịọ maka nri ọka wit (bulgur). Ike agwụla anyị ịhụ ka a na-edina ụmụ anyị n'ike. Ugbu a, anyị na-eme mkpebi a siri ike iji chekwaa ọdịnihu ụmụ anyị. N'ihi na anyị kwenyere na, dịka ndị na-elekọta ọha mmadụ, n'ọdịnihu ụmụ anyị ga-ajụ anyị sị, "Mama, gịnị ka ị rụrụ n'oge nsogbu ahụ?"<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|141}}</blockquote> N'akwụkwọ ya, Gbowee kpughere na Grace Minor ji nwayọọ nye "nnukwu ego nke ya... n'agbanyeghị nnukwu ihe ize ndụ ọ tinyere onwe ya na ya" iji kwado ngagharị iwe ụmụ nwanyị ahụ.<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|149}} Ụmụ nwanyị ndị ahụ na-eme ngagharị iwe nwetara nkwa n'aka Onye isi ala Charles Taylor na ọ ga-aga nzukọ udo na [[Ghana]] iji soro ndị nnupụisi sitere na otu 'Liberians United for Reconciliation and Democracy' nwee mkparịta ụka<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090314000000/https://web.archive.org/web/20090314222423/http://www.americanprogress.org/events/2008/11/inf/GboweeLeymah.html Bio of Gbowee Leymah] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090314222423/http://www.americanprogress.org/events/2008/11/inf/GboweeLeymah.html |date=March 14, 2009 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.oprah.com/omagazine/Leymah-Gbowee-and-Abigail-Disney-Shoot-for-Peace-in-Liberia/5|title=The Rabble Rousers|access-date=13 December 2016|archive-date=13 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171113193530/http://www.oprah.com/omagazine/leymah-gbowee-and-abigail-disney-shoot-for-peace-in-liberia/5|url-status=dead}}</ref> na otu ndị nnupụisi ọhụrụ ọzọ, MODEL.<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|155}} N'ọnwa Juun afọ 2003, Gbowee duuru otu ndị inyom Liberia gaa Ghana iji tinye nrụgide n'akụkụ dị iche iche na-alụso ibe ha agha n'oge usoro mkparịta ụka udo.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090314000000/https://web.archive.org/web/20090314222423/http://www.americanprogress.org/events/2008/11/inf/GboweeLeymah.html Leymah Gbowee<!-- Both generated title -->] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090314222423/http://www.americanprogress.org/events/2008/11/inf/GboweeLeymah.html |date=14 March 2009 }}</ref> Na mbụ, ụmụ nwanyị ahụ na-anọdụ ala kwa ụbọchị n'ihu ụlọ nkwari akụ ndị mara mma ebe ndị na-eme mkparịta ụka na-ezukọ, na-akpali ka e nwee ọganihu n'okwu ahụ.<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|154–156}} Mgbe mkparịta ụka ahụ gbatịpụrụ site na mmalite ọnwa Juun ruo na ngwụcha ọnwa Julaị—n'enweghị ọganihu ọ bụla e nwetara ebe ime ihe ike ka na-aga n'ihu na Liberia—Gbowee duuru ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị (ndị mechara mụbaa ruo ọtụtụ narị mmadụ) banye n'ime ụlọ nkwari akụ ahụ, ebe ha "dọdụrụ onwe ha ala n'ihu ọnụ ụzọ enyo bụ isi ụzọ mbata na-eduga n'ime ụlọ nzukọ ahụ."<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|161}} Ha ji ihe ngosi ndị dere sị: "Ndị na-egbu ma na-agbapụta ọbara ndị Liberia -- Kwụsị!"<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|161}} Gbowee zigara onye isi na-ahazi mkparịta ụka udo, bụ [[Abdulsalami Abubakar|General Abubakar]] (onye bụbu onye isi ala Naịjirịa), ozi na ụmụ nwanyị ahụ ga-ejikọ aka ma nọdụ ala n'ụlọ nzukọ ahụ, na-egbochi ndị nnọchiteanya ahụ ịpụ ruo mgbe a ga-enwe nkwekọrịta udo. Abubakar, onye gosipụtara na ya nwere ọmịiko n'ebe ụmụ nwanyị ahụ nọ, ji ntakịrị ọchị kwuo okwu sị: "General Leymah na ndị agha ya ewegharawo ụlọ nzukọ udo a." Mgbe ụmụ nwoke ahụ nwara ịpụ n'ụlọ nzukọ ahụ, Leymah na ndị ya na ha jikọrọ aka yiri egwu na ha ga-adọpụ uwe ha: "N'Africa, ọ bụ ihe arụ dị egwu ịhụ ka nwanyị lụrụ di ma ọ bụ nwanyị meworo agadi ji aka ya kpughee ahụ ya n'ihu ọha."<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|162}} Site n'enyemaka nke Abubakar, ụmụ nwanyị ahụ nọgidere n'èzí ụlọ mkparịta ụka n'ime ụbọchị ndị sochirinụ, na-ahụ na "ọnọdụ dị na mkparịta ụka udo gbanwere site na ihe nkiri gaa na ihe mwute."<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|163}} Agha Liberia kwụsịrị izu ole na ole ka e mesịrị, site na mbinye aka n'Nkwekọrịta Udo zuru oke nke Accra na 18 Ọgọstụ 2003.<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|164}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.usip.org/publications/peace-agreements-liberia|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101110173005/http://www.usip.org/publications/peace-agreements-liberia|url-status=dead|archive-date=10 November 2010|title=Retrieved 20 October 2011.|access-date=5 February 2018}}</ref> "Mana ihe anyị [ụmụ nwanyị] mere bụ mmalite nke njedebe."<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|163}} Ewezuga inye aka n'ịkwụsị agha were afọ iri na anọ na Liberia, mmegharị ụmụ nwanyị a dugara n'ịhọpụta [[Ellen Johnson Sirleaf]] ka ọ bụrụ onye isi ala Liberia n'afọ 2005; ọ bụkwa ya bụ nwanyị mbụ a họpụtara ka ọ bụrụ onye ndu obodo n'Africa. Sirleaf so na ndị natara ihe nrite Nobel Peace Prize n'afọ 2011, ya na Gbowee nakwa Tawakel Karman. E nyere ha atọ ahụ ihe nrite a "n'ihi mgba ha gbara n'ụzọ udo maka nchekwa ụmụ nwanyị, nakwa maka ikike ụmụ nwanyị nwere isonye nke ọma n'ọrụ iwulite udo."<ref name=autogenerated5 /> N'oge mkpọsa ntuli aka nke ugboro abụọ nke Sirleaf na 2011, Gbowee kwadoro ya.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/liberia/8818053/Liberian-activist-endorses-Nobel-Peace-Prize-winner-for-president.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111011101208/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/liberia/8818053/Liberian-activist-endorses-Nobel-Peace-Prize-winner-for-president.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=11 October 2011|title=Liberian activist endorses Nobel Peace Prize winner for president|access-date=13 December 2016|date=10 October 2011}}</ref> ===Ime ka udo sikwuo ike=== A na-amata ha ngwa ngwa site n'uwe elu ha na-acha ọcha nke nwere akara WIPNET; ndị Liberia nọ n'okporo ámá weere Gbowee na ụmụ nwanyị ndị ọzọ na-akwado mgbanwe na Liberia dị ka ndị dike mba ruo ọtụtụ izu mgbe e binyere aka n'Nkwekọrịta Udo zuru oke nke Accra.<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|167}} Ka o sila dị, Gbowee dere banyere nchegbu ha na-enwe mgbe niile banyere otú udo ha nyeere aka iweta si dị nro ma nwee ike ịkwụsị n'oge ọ bụla: <blockquote>Agha nke afọ iri na anọ anaghị akwụsị akwụsị. N'oge ahụ anyị nwere obi iru ala ilegharị anya, anyị zutere oke ihe mere na Liberia. Mmadụ narị abụọ na iri ise nwụrụ, otu ụzọ n'ụzọ anọ n'ime ha bụ ụmụaka. Otu n'ime mmadụ atọ gbara ọsọ ndụ, mmadụ 350,000 bi n'ogige ndị a chụpụrụ n'obodo ha, ndị ọzọ bikwa ebe ọ bụla ha nwere ike ịchọta ebe obibi. Otu nde mmadụ, ọkachasị ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụaka, nọ n'ihe ize ndụ nke inwe nri na-adịghị mma, afọ ọsịsa, ọrịa measles na cholera n'ihi mmerụ ahụ dị n'olulu mmiri. Ihe karịrị pasentị 75 nke akụrụngwa anụ ahụ nke mba ahụ, okporo ụzọ anyị, ụlọ ọgwụ na ụlọ akwụkwọ anyị, emebiela.<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|167}}</blockquote> Gbowee kwupụtara nchegbu pụrụ iche banyere "mmebi uche" nke ndị Liberia na-ata ahụhụ ya: <blockquote>Otu ọgbọ dum nke ụmụ nwoke amaghị onye ha bụ ma ọ bụrụ na ha ejighị egbe n'aka. Ọtụtụ ọgbọ ụmụ nwanyị ghọrọ ndị inyom di ha nwụrụ anwụ, ndị e dinara n'ike, ndị hụrụ ka e dinara ụmụ ha nwanyị na ndị nne ha n'ike, nakwa ndị hụrụ ka ụmụ ha na-egbu mmadụ ma na-egbukwa ha onwe ha. Ndị agbata obi ghọrọ ndị iro ibe ha; ndị ntorobịa tụfuru olileanya, ebe ndị agadi tụfuru ihe niile ha ji nnukwu mgbalị nweta. Mmadụ niile nọ n'ọnọdụ oke nhụjuanya na mmerụ ahụ n'obi.<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|168}}</blockquote> N'ajụjụ ọnụ e nwere maka International Women's Day, Gbowee kwupụtakwara ihe ndị a: <blockquote>Òtù ụmụ nwanyị Liberia na-akwado udo gosiri ụwa na òtù ndị sitere n'aka ndị nkịtị n'ala ala obodo dị oke mkpa maka ịkwado udo; na ụmụ nwanyị nọ n'ọkwa ndu bụ ndị na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma n'iweta udo; nakwa mkpa ọ dị inwe òtù na-alụso ikpe na-ezighị ezi ọgụ n'ụzọ dabara na omenala ndị mmadụ. Ahụmahụ Liberia bụ ezigbo ihe atụ nye ụwa na ụmụ nwanyị—karịsịa ụmụ nwanyị Afrịka—nwere ike ịbụ ndị na-akwalite udo.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.globaleducationmagazine.com/international-women%C2%B4s-day-interview-leymah-gbowee/|title=International Women´s Day: Interview With Leymah Gbowee|access-date=13 December 2016|date=8 March 2014}}</ref></blockquote> N'etiti mbibi na mkpa na-adịghị agwụ agwụ, Gbowee tụrụ ụjọ maka mpako, amaghị ihe na enweghị mmasị n'omenala nke ụlọ ọrụ Mba Ndị Dị n'Otu e zigara iji nyere aka napụta mba ahụ, idobe udo, guzobe usoro maka ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya, na ịmalite mgbalị iwughachi. "Ndị biri ndụ n'ọgba aghara dị egwu nwere ike ịnwe agụụ na enweghị olileanya, ''mana ha abụghị ndị nzuzu'' (Gbowee na-ekwusi ike). Ha na-enwekarị echiche dị mma gbasara otu udo ga-esi gbasaa, a chọkwara ka a jụọ ha."<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|171}} Gbowee kwadoro ka etinye aka n'òtù ndị nkịtị dị na Liberia—karịsịa òtù ụmụ nwanyị—n'ọrụ iweghachi obodo ahụ n'ọnọdụ dị mma. Iwe were ya maka otu UN si na-emefu ọtụtụ nde dọla na Liberia, ebe ọ bụ na ọtụtụ n'ime ego ahụ na-aga n'ịkwụ ndị ọrụ ha ụgwọ na ihe ndị metụtara ha... A sị na ha nyere ụmụ amaala obodo ahụ akụkụ ụfọdụ n'ime ego ahụ, ọ gaara eweta ezigbo mgbanwe.<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|173}} Ka ọ na-erule ngwụcha oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ na oge oyi nke 2003-04, "ụwa nke idozi esemokwu, iwulite udo na mmegharị ụmụ nwanyị zuru ụwa ọnụ" na-akpọ Gbowee ka o dee akwụkwọ, bịa na ogbako ma kọwaa ahụmịhe na echiche nke WIPNET. Thelma Ekiyor gbara Gbowee ume ka o merie enweghị ùgwù onwe onye ya n'etiti "ndị nwere ọgụgụ isi dị elu bụ ndị nwere nzere masta ma na-anọchite anya ụlọ ọrụ dị ike" site n'ịgụ na ịmụ ihe karịa iji ghọta echiche ndị na-agbasa n'ụwa nke iwulite udo.<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|177}} Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ ndị a: "The Peace Book" nke Louise Diamond dere—onye a ma ama maka ịkwado usoro mkparịta ụka udo dị iche iche (multi-track diplomacy)—yana "The Journey Toward Reconciliation" na "The Little Book of Conflict Transformation"; akwụkwọ abụọ a nke ikpeazụ bụ nke John Paul Lederach dere, onye bụkwa onye isi nchoputa nke Center for Justice and Peacebuilding na Eastern Mennonite University.<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|177}} Ọ gara ọgbakọ USAID na New York, njem mbụ ya ịpụ Afrịka,<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|174–175}} gaa n'ọgbakọ na South Africa, nakwa na Switzerland, ebe ya na onye Naijiria na-ahụ maka mmemme UN na Liberia nwere mkparịta ụka ọrụ.<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|174–176}} ===Nzere masta n'iwulite udo=== Na ngwụcha oge opupu ihe ubi nke afọ 2004, ihe dị ka ọnwa asatọ ka e binyere aka na Nkwekọrịta Udo zuru oke nke Accra, Ghana, Gbowee kpebiri ịga gụọ akwụkwọ na mahadum n'ihe gbasara ngalaba ọ na-arụbu ọrụ na ya: "Anụla m banyere [[Eastern Mennonite University]] (EMU), mahadum dị na Amerịka nke nwere usoro ọmụmụ a ma ama n'ihe gbasara iwulite udo na idozi esemokwu. Ọ bụ ụlọ akwụkwọ Ndị Kraịst nke na-akwado mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ndị mmadụ na inye aka n'obodo; o nwere mmekọrịta dịte aka ya na WANEP, ma nweekwa akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ịnabata ndị Afrịka ka ha bịa gụọ akwụkwọ n'ebe ahụ."<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|178}} Oge mbụ ọ nọrọ na EMU—izu anọ n'ime mmemme kwa afọ a na-akpọ Summer Peacebuilding Institute—bụ "oge wetaara m mgbanwe dị ukwuu."<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|178}} Gbowee so Hizkias Assefa mụọ ihe; ọ gụọla ihe ndị Assefa dere afọ ise tupu mgbe ahụ, mgbe ọ malitere ịrụ ọrụ na St. Peter's Lutheran Church n'ihe gbasara ịgwọ ọnya mmetụta uche. Ọ sokwara Howard Zehr mụọ ihe, onye "kụziiri m echiche nke ikpe ziri ezi na-eweta mweghachi" (restorative justice)—usoro e si agwọ ọnya site na mgbalị nkwonkwo nke ndị e merụrụ ahụ na ndị mere mmerụ ahụ ahụ, iji dozie mmebi ndị ahụ e mepụtara.<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|178}} O chere na ikpe ziri ezi maka imezi ihe dị mkpa karịsịa n'Africa: "Ikpe ziri ezi maka imezi ihe bụ... ihe anyị nwere ike ịhụ dị ka nke anyị, ọ bụghị nke ndị ọdịda anyanwụ tinyere n'ọrụ aka. Anyị chọkwara ya, anyị chọrọ ịlaghachi n'ọdịnala ahụ. Omenala nke ntaramahụhụ juru ebe niile n'Africa. Ndị mmadụ, ndị ọrụ gọọmentị, na gọọmentị mere ihe ọjọọ mana a dịghị aza ha ajụjụ. Ihe karịrị ihe anyị chọrọ iji taa ha ahụhụ, anyị kwesịrị idozi mmebi ha mere.... Mgbe m hapụrụ EMU, amaara m na enwere ihe ndị ọzọ ebe a maka m. N'ụzọ ụfọdụ, m ga-achọta ụzọ m ga-esi laghachi."<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|178–179}} Gbowee lọtara maka nzukọ mkparịta ụka gburugburu tebụl nke akpọrọ "Atụmatụ maka Ịgwọ Ọnya Mmetụta Uche na Iwulite Ike Iguzogide" n'oge ọkọchị nke afọ 2005, wee debanye aha dị ka nwa akwụkwọ oge niile na-ebi n'ogige ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ, na-achụso nzere masta na ngalaba "mgbanwe esemokwu na iwulite udo" na Center for Justice and Peacebuilding nke EMU n'afọ 2006-07:<ref name=autogenerated9 /> <blockquote>N'ụlọ akwụkwọ ngụsị akwụkwọ, enwere m ike ịhụ ka uche m na-agbasa, nghọta m na-esikwu ike. Aghọtara m na m nwere ike itinye aha a kpọrọ "iwulite udo dị mkpa," n'ihe m mere n'ụzọ ebumpụta ụwa na Liberia.... Ọtụtụ n'ime ụmụ akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ na EMU ebiela ndụ n'oge esemokwu, e nwekwara ahụ efe n'etiti ha.... Na Harrisonburg, obere obodo ochie dị na Ndagwurugwu Shenandoah, nke dị anya na Liberia na mwute ya na ndị na-atụ anya ihe n'aka m, ọ dịghị mkpa ka m sie ike. Mgbe ụfọdụ - dịka ọmụmaatụ, mgbe m hụrụ nne na ụmụ ya - m na-ebe ákwá. Ọ dịghị onye nọ na EMU chere na nke ahụ bụ ihe ijuanya. Ezutere m otu agadi nwoke nke furu ezinụlọ ya niile na mgbukpọ agbụrụ Rwanda.<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|179}}</blockquote> N'ọnwa Septemba afọ 2006, n'oge Gbowee na-amalite oge ọmụmụ zuru oke nke mbụ ya na mmemme agụmakwụkwọ dị elu, ọ gara obodo New York ịgwa ndị otu UN okwu n'emume ncheta afọ ise nke nnabata Mkpebi 1325 (Resolution 1325). Mkpebi a lekwasịrị anya n'ichekwa ụmụ nwanyị pụọ n'ime ihe ike dabeere na okike, nakwa itinye ha n'ime mbọ udo nke UN na-akwado.<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|179}} Mgbe ọ nọ na New York, ọ natara oku ekwentị site n'aka Abigail Disney—onye sitere n'ezinụlọ ndị guzobere ụlọ ọrụ Walt Disney, onye na-akwado ikike ụmụ nwanyị, nakwa onye na-enye onyinye ebere. Disney na onye ya na ya na-arụkọ ọrụ, bụ́ Gini Reticker, chọrọ iso Gbowee kwurịta maka ebumnuche ha ime ihe nkiri akwụkwọ (documentary) gbasara otu ụmụ nwanyị Liberia si chịkọta onwe ha iji manye ụmụ nwoke ịkwụsị agha.<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|212}} ===Women in Peace and Security Network (WIPSEN)=== N'agbata afọ 2006 na 2007, Gbowee malitekwara iso Ekiyor na Ecoma Alaga (onye Naijiria, dị ka Ekiyor) kwurịta maka ikewapụ WIPNET na WANEP. O mere nke a n'ihi na o kwenyere na ọ bụ ụmụ nwoke na-achịkwa ego nzukọ nne ahụ, ọ chọkwara ka ha atọ nwee ikike zuru oke n'ilekọta ihe niile.<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|187}} Onye guzobere WANEP, bụ́ Sam Gbaydee Doe—onye bụkwa ezigbo enyi Gbowee—kwadoro ọchịchọ ụmụ nwanyị atọ ahụ inwe nnwere onwe n'usoro nhazi ha, mana ọ hapụlarị WANEP iji gaa mba England gụọ akwụkwọ maka nzere PhD.<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|189}} Onye na edu WANEP bụ onye ọzọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na MA na mmemme mgbanwe esemokwu na EMU, Emmanuel Bombande bụ onye Ghana,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://emu.edu/now/peacebuilder/cjp-alumni/emmanuel-bombande/.|title=» Emmanuel Bombande|access-date=13 December 2016}}</ref> onye na-ekwetaghị na ụmụ nwanyị atọ ahụ nwere alaka WIPNET nke WANEP, ya mere o kweghị ka ọ kewapụ onwe ya.<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|188–189}} N'ihi ya, Gbowee na ndị ọrụ ibe ya abụọ guzobere otu ọhụrụ, nke a na-akpọ Women in Peace and Security Network (WIPSEN), nke dịkwa na Accra, Ghana.<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|189}}<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.wipsen-africa.org/wipsen/who/founders/ |title=Founders |website=[[WIPSEN-Africa.org]] |access-date=19 January 2020 }}</ref> Abigail Disney tinyere aka inyere Gbowee aka ịchịkọta ego n'etiti ndị na-enye onyinye ebere na New York maka iwepụta WIPSEN, nke mere ka o nwee ike inweta $50,000 dị ka ego mbido.<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|202}} ===Ndụ nkeonwe na ihe ịma aka dị iche iche=== Mgbe Gbowee gụchara ọmụmụ ihe ya na EMU n'ụbọchị 30 nke ọnwa Eprel afọ 2007, ma laghachi n'ebe ụmụ ya nọ na Liberia n'ọnwa Mee afọ 2007—ebe ndị mụrụ ya na-elekọta ha—ọ ghọtara na ọnwa itoolu ọ nọrọ n'ebe dị anya "fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bibie anyị niile."<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|194}} Na Virginia, o biri na ọnọdụ "oyi na-adịghị apụ apụ," ọ nwekwara mmetụta "ụjọ, mwute, na oyi dị ka ọchịchịrị ojii na-agba okirikiri," ka ọ na-eche ihu "ikpe ndị bụbu enyi ya na WANEP kpọtere ya, n'ihi ọchịchọ anyị inyocha ụzọ ọhụrụ."<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|200–201}} Ogo agụmakwụkwọ dị elu ọ na-achọ inweta (nke e nyere ya na ngwụcha afọ 2007), aha ya na-ewu ewu karịa, tinyere mgbanwe ndị ọzọ n'ụdị ndụ ya, kpatara esemokwu n'ime mmekọrịta ya na otu nwoke si Liberia aha ya bụ Tunde. Nwoke a, onye na-arụrụ òtù mba ụwa ọrụ, rụrụ ọrụ dị ka nna nye ụmụ ya ruo afọ iri—malite n'oge mmalite nke mmegharị udo ụmụ nwanyị Liberia, ruo n'oge Gbowee nọ na-agụ akwụkwọ maka ogo agụmakwụkwọ dị elu na EMU<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|203–204}} (nke o kwụrụ ụgwọ akwụkwọ ya<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|198}}). Ha kewapụrụ, ma n'oge mmalite afọ 2008, Gbowee nọ na mmekọrịta ya na otu nwoke si Liberia bụ ọkachamara n'ihe gbasara teknụzụ ozi, onye ọ kpọrọ aha ya bụ James.<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|205-205}} Ọ bụ nna nwa ya nke isii, bụ́ nwa nwanyị aha ya bụ Jaydyn Thelma Abigail, onye a mụrụ na New York City n'ụbọchị nke abụọ n'ọnwa Juun, afọ 2009.<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|223}} N'ọnwa Eprel afọ 2008, mgbe ezinụlọ na ndị enyi Gbowee zukọrọ ime emume ncheta ọmụmụ nke nwa ya nwanyị nke mbụ, Amber, o doro anya na Gbowee enweela nnukwu nsogbu mmanya. N'akwụkwọ ncheta ya, Gbowee kọwara na ọ malitere ịṅụ mmanya ruo ihe dị ka afọ iri iji merie owu ọmụma nke ikewapụ onwe ya mgbe niile n'ezinụlọ ya, nsogbu ịda ogbenye na mmerụ ahụ agha kpatara, na nrụgide nke ihe ndị na-adịghị agwụ agwụ n'oge ya. N'oge emume ncheta ọmụmụ Amber, ụmụ Gbowee kwuru na ọ ṅụrụ iko mmanya iri na anọ. N'echi ya, ọ tụfuru onwe ya. Mgbe ọ matara onwe ya ọzọ, na-arịa ọnya afọ, ọ rịọrọ James ka ọ kpọga ya dọkịta: "Mgbe ahụ ahụrụ m ụmụaka ahụ ka ha gbakọtara gburugburu anyị, ihu ha na-atụ ụjọ, ndị na-enweghị enyemaka. Mgbe ha furu efu, nke a ga-abụ nke ikpeazụ. Mba. Ọ gaghị ekwe omume. Ọ nwere ike ịdị ka ihe dị mfe, mana nke ahụ bụ njedebe nye m. Anaghị m ehi ụra nke ọma, m ka na-eteta n'oge, mana anaghị m aṅụ mmanya ọzọ."<ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|208–209}} ==Echiche gbasara okpukperechi== N'oge Agha Obodo Liberia nke Abụọ, Gbowee jiri usoro okpukperechi na nke ime mmụọ dị iche iche mee ihe iji dozie nsogbu ndị agha ahụ kpatara. O kwuru na ya jiri egwu okpukperechi, egwu ọdịnala, yana egwu ndị ọzọ ndị otu ya n'obodo ndị Alakụba dị nso na-abụkwa mee ihe. Mgbe o meriri ihe nrite Nobel na 2011, o nyere ọtụtụ ajụjụ ọnụ ebe o mere ka ọ pụta ìhè na ọ dị mkpa itinye okpukperechi n'ọrụ, yana mkpebi siri ike o nwere iji ya mee ihe dị ka ụzọ isi weta udo na Liberia. Na Ọktoba 6, 2016, Gbowee nyere ajụjụ ọnụ na Harvard Divinity School, ebe o kwuru okwu nwere isiokwu bụ "Ụmụ nwanyị dị ka ndị na-akpali mmegharị dị iche iche—nke dabeere n'okpukperechi na ime mmụọ, ma n'ime obodo ma n'ụwa niile—iji weta udo na-adịgide adịgide."<ref>{{Cite web |title=Can the Women Do Something? {{!}} Harvard Divinity Bulletin |url=https://bulletin.hds.harvard.edu/can-the-women-do-something/ |access-date=2026-10-06 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Women as Catalysts for Peace {{!}} Harvard Divinity School |url=https://www.hds.harvard.edu/news/2016/09/29/women-catalysts-peace |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251206185537/https://www.hds.harvard.edu/news/2016/09/29/women-catalysts-peace |archive-date=2025-12-06 |access-date=2026-10-06 |website=www.hds.harvard.edu |language=en}}</ref> Gbowee jiri okpukperechi na mmụọ dị ka atụmatụ iji kwalite ụmụ nwanyị maka ịkwụsị agha obodo abụọ nke Liberia. Usoro ndị o ji dịka egwu okpukperechi na ọdịnala nyere aka ịmepụta obodo nke ga-ejikọ ya na ụmụ nwanyị ya. N'akwụkwọ ncheta ya, ''Mighty Be Our Powers: How Sisterhood, Prayer, and Sex Changed a Nation at War; a Memoir,'' Mmadụ nwere ike ịghọta mmetụta nke nkwenkwe okpukperechi ya na atụmatụ maka iweghachi udo na Liberia. Mgbe agha obodo nke abụọ malitere na 1999, na-eme ka nsogbu dịlarị nke ndina n'ike na ime ihe ike na Liberia dịkwuo elu, Gbowee chere na ọ dị mkpa ka e mee oku maka ihe omume n'etiti okpukperechi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Meet Nobel Peace laureate Leymah Gbowee, Nobel Women's Initiative|url=https://nobelwomensinitiative.org/laureate/leymah-gbowee/|website=Nobel Women's Initiative|language=en-US|access-date=13 May 2020}}</ref> Dị ka nzaghachi nye ebili nke abụọ a nke esemokwu na-egbu egbu, Gbowee guzobere otu njikọ maka iwulite udo nke gụnyere ụmụ nwanyị Ndị Kraịst na ndị Alakụba; nke a kpalitere mmegharị a ma ama a na-akpọ "Liberia Mass Action for Peace Movement."<ref name=":0" /> Site n'itinye aka n'ọnọdụ ndị a dị oke mkpa, Gbowee nwetara nkà ndu dị ukwuu, nke o jikọtara ya na nzụlite okpukperechi ya. N'oge LMAPM, ya na ụmụ nwanyị ndị ọzọ na-akwado mgbanwe haziri ọtụtụ nzukọ ekpere, na-eji ha eme ihe dị ka ụdị ngagharị iwe na-adịghị eji ime ihe ike. Nzukọ ekpere ndị a kpọrọ oku maka ime udo n'etiti ndị mmadụ, ma chọọ ka e mee ihe doro anya iji kwụsị agha ahụ, n'oge mkparịta ụka udo dị iche iche na mpaghara West Africa.<ref name=":0" /> Gbowee, ya na ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị ndị ọzọ, dị ka [[Thelma Ekiyor]], jikọtara okpukperechi na omenala ọdịnala iji kọwaa usoro ha ji eleba anya n'ịgbanwe ọnọdụ esemokwu, iwulite udo, na nchekwa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Thelma Ekiyor|url=https://risingleader.org/board/thelma-ekiyor/|website=Rising Leadership Foundation|language=en-US|access-date=13 May 2020|archive-date=3 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210203232323/https://risingleader.org/board/thelma-ekiyor/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Okwukwe Gbowee nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu n'ụdị ndụ ọ na-ebi na ọrụ ọ na-arụ. Ekpere bụ isiokwu na-apụta ugboro ugboro n'akwụkwọ akụkọ ndụ ya na n'okwu ndị ọ na-ekwu. Ọ bụ ezie na akwụkwọ ya na-akọwa oge ndị e nwere mfu, ihe mgbu, iru újú, na nkụda mmụọ—ihe ndị mere ka ọ nwee obi abụọ banyere okwukwe ya—ọ na-egosi na ekpere bụ akụkụ dị mkpa n'ime njem ya nke iweta udo. O dere sị, "Chineke na-eguzosi ike n'okwu ya mgbe niile, ọ na-ahụkwa n'anya mgbe niile; ọ na-anụ ekpere anyị."<ref name="MightyBe" /> O ji ekpere mee ihe dị ka isi iyi nke nchebe, olileanya, na nduzi n'ọrụ ya dị ka onye na-akwado mgbanwe n'obodo. Gbowee na-ahụ Iso Ụzọ Kraịst dị ka ihe bara uru nke ukwuu, nke dịkwa oke mkpa n'ihe gbasara ndụ mmekọrịta na omenala nke ndị Liberia. Gbowee kwenyere na iji nweta ezigbo nsonaazụ n'ọnọdụ esemokwu—karịsịa ndị o sonyere na ha—ekpere aghaghị ịbụ ihe kacha mkpa. Nke a bụ akụkụ pụrụ iche nke onye ọ bụ, dị ka onye na-akwado mgbanwe n'ụwa niile, ebe ọ bụkwa akụkụ dị mkpa n'ọrụ ya. Isonye n'otu dị iche iche, dị ka 'Christian Women's Peace Initiative' (CWI), nyeere ya aka itinye akụkụ a nke okwukwe ya n'ọrụ iji weta udo, ma kụziere ndị ọzọ gbasara udo n'ime afọ ndị gara aga.<ref name=":0" /> Okpukperechi metụtara ụzọ Gbowee si ewulite udo dịka ụdị nne. N'ezie, ọ na-adọta olu ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ okorobịa na-anaghị asọpụrụ bụ́ ndị na-ebu ibu agha. Gbowee ejirila okpukperechi mezuo ọtụtụ ọrụ ya n'oge njem na nkuzi ya n'ebe ọgwụgwọ. Ọrụ dị mkpa ya na ụmụ nwanyị ndị ọzọ dị ike dịka Ekiyor, jiri okpukperechi mee ihe dị ka ihe nkwado iji zụlite ndị nwere nsogbu ahụ, na-achọ udo n'ime obodo ha, n'ụlọ ha, na mba ha.<ref name="MightyBe" /> Ikpe ekpere abụrụla akụkụ nke ndụ Gbowee, ọkachasị ná ndụ ịhụnanya ya. Iji ekpere maka ya bụ ngwa ọgwụgwọ nke nyeere ya aka imeri mmekọrịta mmegbu ya ma chebe ụmụ ya. Otu akụkụ nke Gbowee iji okpukperechi na okwukwe dị ka ụdị nne bụ site n'iji ya dị ka ihe enyemaka iji nyere onye ọ bụla ọ na-enyere aka inwe njikọ. O jiri okwukwe na nkwenkwe ya, karịsịa Baịbụl nyere ha aka ịghọta ahụmịhe ha na ihe mwute ha na-enwe. Na Septemba 2016, Gbowee mere ajụjụ ọnụ na Harvard Divinity School na "Religion and The Practice of Peace." O kwuru na Okpukperechi na ime mmụọ bụ ihe ndị a na-ahụkarị ná ndụ ụmụ nwanyị sonyere na Liberian Women's Mass Action for Peace. Nzukọ ime mmụọ ndị a bụ ihe o ji mee ihe n'obodo ya iji kwalite ma nye ụmụ nwanyị ike ime ihe n'akụkụ niile nke ndụ ha, ma nke onwe, nke ime mmụọ, ma ọ bụ nke ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Na ajụjụ ọnụ Harvard, o kwuru: "N'ime otu anyị, ihe mbụ anyị mere bụ inwe nzukọ ndụmọdụ ụbọchị atọ. N'ụbọchị mbụ anyị kpọtara naanị ụmụ nwanyị Ndị Kraịst, anyị wee laghachi na Baịbụl ịchọta ihe ndị ahụ dị na Baịbụl nke ụmụ nwanyị mere. Anyị chọrọ igosi ha (ụmụ nwanyị Ndị Kraịst) na Chineke nwere ụzọ isi jiri ụmụ nwanyị mee ihe nakwa na e nwere ebe ụmụ nwanyị ga-anọ tụgharịa akụkọ ihe mere eme nke mba ha. Ya mere, anyị kpọgara ha na Baịbụl, anyị wee jiri ụmụ nwanyị nwere okwukwe mee ihe atụ—Esta, Debora, Rehab, onye akwụna—ndị mere ihe dị ukwuu iji gbanwee ọnọdụ ahụ. Anyị jiri ụmụ nwanyị ndị ahụ mee ihe dị ka ihe mmalite maka ịkwalite ụmụ nwanyị."<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Women as Catalysts for Peace|url=https://rpp.hds.harvard.edu/news/women-catalysts-peace|website=rpp.hds.harvard.edu|language=en|access-date=13 May 2020}}</ref> Okpukpe na Baịbụl nyere Gbowee aka ịkọwa ọhụụ ya nye ụmụ nwanyị Liberia nwere nkwenkwe dị iche iche. Iji wulite obodo ndị siri ike maka iwulite udo na ịkwalite ngagharị iwe gụnyere ijide otu okpukperechi ndị ọzọ, nke bụ nnukwu akụkụ nke ihe ịga nke ọma nke òtù ụmụ nwanyị. Agbanyeghị, maka Gbowee, iwulite obodo siri ike n'etiti ụmụ nwanyị nke ga-etinye ha n'ihu n'ime nnukwu mmegharị ahụ maka njedebe agha na ịghara igbochi nkwenkwe ya naanị na Iso Ụzọ Kraịst, bụ usoro o kwadoro. N'ajụjụ ọnụ Harvard, o kwuru, "Ihe nke abụọ anyị mere bụ ịkpọkọta ụmụ nwanyị Alakụba ma gafee otu usoro ahụ, mana na Qur'an... Anyị ga-ekwu okwu ma gụọ ụfọdụ nkọwa ndị na-ekwu maka otu esi emeso ụmụ nwanyị nke ọma ma bie ndụ na-enweghị ihe ike..."<ref name=":1" /> Iji okwukwe mee ihe jikọrọ ụmụ nwanyị niile ọnụ nyeere ha aka iwulite mmekọrịta siri ike n'etiti ha n'ihe gbasara idu ndú. Gbowee si n'obodo e nwere ngwakọta nke okpukperechi na ihe gbasara ime mmụọ; ebe ndị mụrụ ya bụ Ndị Kraịst, mana ezigbo ndị enyi ha na ndị agbata obi ha bụ ndị Alakụba. Iji okpukperechi eme ihe iji kpọkọta ndị ntorobịa—karịsịa ụmụ agbọghọ na ụmụ nwanyị—ghọrọ ebumnuche Gbowee. O ji nke a kwalite nkà idu ndú na inye ụmụ nwanyị ikike site n'ọrụ nkwado ọ na-arụ, si otú a na-azụlite ndị ndú ọhụrụ maka ọdịnihu.<ref>{{Cite web |last=July 2026 |first=The ReligionStars Team-Modified on: 4 |title=Religion of Leymah Gbowee |url=https://religionstars.com/en/star/leymah-gbowee/ |access-date=2026-10-06 |website=Religion Stars |language=en-US}}</ref> Gbowee rụrụ ọrụ n'ọtụtụ ebe a na-enye enyemaka maka ọgwụgwọ mmetụta uche—dị ka 'Trauma Healing Office'—ebe ọ gara n'obodo dị iche iche na Liberia iji kụziere ndị mmadụ otu ha ga-esi merie ihe mgbu na mmerụ ahụ uche ha nwere. O chere na nke a bụ ọrụ Chineke kpọrọ ya ka ọ rụọ.<ref name="MightyBe" /> N'ihi oke agha ahụ na mgbalị ọ na-agba iji lekọta ezinụlọ ya, o ji okwukwe siri ike mee ihe iji nye ndị ọ na-enyere aka nkasi obi. Nke a dị mkpa karịsịa ebe ọ bụ na ọ na-elekwasị anya n'inyere ụmụ nwanyị ndị ike gwụrụ na ụmụ okorobịa ndị a manyere isonye n'ihe omume mbibi ahụ aka. Ọrụ nkwado ọ na-arụ n'obodo dị iche iche na Liberia sitere n'ahụmahụ ndị o nwetara n'ezinụlọ nke ya. O nweghị ike ilekọta ụmụ ya n'ụzọ ọ chọrọ, ya mere, ewezuga ụmụ ya, ihe kacha ya mkpa bụ ịghara ịhapụ okwukwe ya. Ndị o nyeere aka ma na Liberia ma na Ghana na-akpọ ya "Big Mama" (Nne Ukwu) ma ọ bụ "Nne nke Udo".<ref name="MightyBe" /> Maka Gbowee, okpukperechi na ihe gbasara ime mmụọ dị oke mkpa n'ime atụmatụ iweta udo, yana n'ime usoro ọgwụgwọ maka mmadụ niile n'ebe ọ bụla ha nọ. O kwenyere na iji merie ajọ omume ndị na-emebi ndụ mmadụ na otu ha si ebi ndụ kwa ụbọchị, ọ dị mkpa inwe ndị kwere ekwe n'ezie.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Transforming Conflict through Nonviolent Coalitions|url=https://digital.sandiego.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1031&context=lecture_series|date=13 March 2013|website=University of San Diego Digital USD}}</ref> Dịka onye okpukperechi n'ọnọdụ ndị a, maka Gbowee, ime mmegwara abụghị ụzọ kwesịrị ekwesị. Ọ kọwara na ya na-agụ Baịbụl ma na-achọ akụkọ dị iche iche na-akwado udo, kama ịkwado ụkpụrụ nke "anya maka anya."<ref name=":2" /> Maka Gbowee, okpukperechi na mkpa ọ bara na-enyere aka ịkụzi ọmịiko na ime omume mgbaghara—ihe ndị nyekwara aka n'ime ka ọrụ nkwado ya nwee ihe ịga nke ọma.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web|title=Leymah Gbowee on her faith, resilience, and channeling anger for good|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gspF9FKdq8M |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211221/gspF9FKdq8M |archive-date=21 December 2021 |url-status=live|date=13 October 2015|website=Youtube}}{{cbignore}}</ref> N'ọrụ ya na ndị iwe ji, bụ́ ndị gabigara ahụmahụ na-egbu mgbu sitere n'ọnọdụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya nakwa ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, mgbaghara ghọrọ akụkụ nke usoro ọgwụgwọ na agụmakwụkwọ o bu n'obi inye ndị ọ na-elekwasị anya. Maka Gbowee, mgbaghara ejikọtaghị na otu okpukperechi pụrụ iche, kama ọ metụtara ọtụtụ okpukperechi dị iche iche. N'otu nzukọ gbasara udo, o kwuru sị, "N'ime njem ndụ m, ọ bụghị naanị Ndị Kraịst bịakwutere m. Ọ bụghịkwa naanị ndị Alakụba. Kama, ọ bụ ndị si n'okpukperechi dị iche iche."<ref name=":2" /> N'ihe gbasara onyinye o nyere n'otú e si aghọta ihe gbasara ime ihe ike, Gbowee jikwa okwukwe ya mee ihe iji mesie ike mkpa ọ dị iji ụzọ ndị na-adịghị agụnye ime ihe ike eme ihe. Nke a pụtara ìhè karịsịa n'ime mmegharị ụmụ nwanyị, nakwa n'ọrụ o rụrụ mgbe ọ nọ na otu 'Women in Peace-building Network' (WIPNET).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Women in Peacebuilding Network {{!}} Liberian organization|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Women-in-Peacebuilding-Network|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en|access-date=13 May 2020}}</ref> O ji ụmụ nwanyị ndị nwere okwukwe siri ike, bụ́ ndị nwekwara ahụmahụ siri ike metụtara ime ihe ike—n'agbanyeghị na ihe ndị a mere n'ọnọdụ sara mbara karị. Ọtụtụ n'ime ụmụ nwanyị ndị so Gbowee rụọ ọrụ chere ụdị ime ihe ike dị iche iche ihu, gụnyere ime ihe ike metụtara mmekọahụ, ahụ́, mmetụta uche, na uche. E ji egwu na egwu ịgba nke okpukperechi ọdịnala mee ihe n'ime mgbalị ndị na-adịghị eji ime ihe ike, iji weta ọgwụgwọ na udo. A na-eji egwu na egwu ịgba ndị a akọ akụkọ. Gbowee na-egosipụta nraranye o nwere n'okwukwe Ndị Kraịst ya. O ji okwu ndị a malite ngalaba ebe o ji kwupụta ekele n'akwụkwọ akụkọ ndụ ya: "Otuto, ebube, na nsọpụrụ niile dịrị Chineke maka ịhụnanya na amara Ya na-adịgide adịgide o gosiri m."<ref name="MightyBe" />{{rp|245}} Ọ gwara ụmụ akwụkwọ ndị nọ n'ọgbakọ ofufe na EMU n'afọ 2009 sị: <blockquote>Ọ bụghị site n'ike nke m ka m ji ruo ebe a... ma ọ bụ site n'ihe ọ bụla m mere n'onwe m; kama, ọ bụ site n'amara na ebere Chineke.... O jidere m n'aka. N'oge ndị kacha sie ike, Ọ nọrọnyere m. E nwere otu egwu na-asị, "Duzie nzọụkwụ m n'ụzọ Gị, O Onyenwe anyị," kwa ụbọchị mgbe m tetara, nke ahụ bụkwa ekpere m. N'ihi na ọ gaghị ekwe omume mmadụ ịga njem a—dị ka onye na-eweta udo, ma ọ bụ onye na-eweta mgbanwe n'obodo ya—n'enweghị okwukwe.... Ka m na-aga n'ihu n'ime njem ndụ a, ana m echetara onwe m sị: Ihe niile m bụ, na ihe niile m nwere olileanya ịbụ, bụ n'ihi Chineke.<ref name=podcastFaith /></blockquote> Gbowee gwara ụmụ akwụkwọ EMU na ọ bụbu nne nwere ụmụ anọ, dị afọ iri abụọ na ise, onye iwe juru obi, na-enweghị ego, na-enweghịkwa ebe obibi kwụsiri ike—onye na-amaghịkwa ihe ga-abụ ọdịnihu ya—tupu ọ malite ige ntị n'olu Chineke n'afọ 1997. O kwuru na Chineke gwara ya okwu site n'ọnụ otu nwa nwoke dị afọ ise, nwa ọ kpọrọ aha njirimara bụ "Nuku". Ihe ndị Nuku kwuru mere ka ọ ghọta na ọ dara mbà n'obi nke ukwuu, na enweghị ntụkwasị obi n'onwe ya tinyere mmetụta nke enweghị enyemaka na-ebibi ezinụlọ ya—ezinụlọ nke agha obi ọjọọ na-eme na Liberia na-akpatakwa nnukwu nsogbu. Gbowee kwuru na ya malitere ime obere nzọụkwụ n'otu n'otu, na-arịọkwa Chineke ka o nyere ya aka na nzọụkwụ ọ bụla. O kwukwara na Chineke zitere ya ndị mmụọ ozi n'ụdị ụmụ mmadụ, ndị setịpụụrụ ya aka n'oge kpọmkwem ọ nọ n'ọnọdụ kachasị njọ ma na-achọ enyemaka nke ukwuu.<ref name=podcastFaith /> Dị ka ọdịdị nke gụnyere okpukpe dị iche iche n'ime mmegharị ụmụ nwanyị Liberia na-egosi, Gbowee kwuru na ndị ọzọ nwere ike inweta otu nkwado ahụ site n'okpukpe ndị dị iche na nke ya: <blockquote>Ọ nwere ike ịbụ Jizọs, ọ nwere ike ịbụ Muhammad, ọ nwere ike ịbụ Buddha; mana ọ gaghị ekwe omume ịkpọta mgbanwe n'ime ndụ ndị mmadụ ma ọ bụrụ na e nweghị onye ị nwere ike ịdabere na ya—onye ahụ bụ "onye na-etinye aka site n'ike Chineke" ma ọ bụ "onye sitere n'ebe Chineke nọ"—onye ị nwere ike ịkpọku kwa ụbọchị... Chineke kwesịrị ntụkwasị obi, n'agbanyeghị otu i si mara Ya... Mee nzọụkwụ nke okwukwe, Chineke ga-elekọtakwa ihe ndị fọdụrụ.<ref name=podcastFaith /></blockquote> N'ajụjụ ọnụ ya na Odyssey Networks, Gbowee kwuru na a pụkwara ịkpọ Chineke "Ike Kasị Elu." O kwusiri ike na ọ bụrụ na Ike Kasị Elu a nọnyeere gị, ị nwere ike "ibili ma mee ihe ga-agbanwe ọnọdụ gị." O nyere ndụmọdụ sị: "Echela onye dị ka Gandhi, echela onye dị ka King, echela onye dị ka Mandela. 'Gị onwe gị' bụ Mandela nke gị, 'gị onwe gị' bụ Gandhi nke gị, 'gị onwe gị' bụ Eze nke gị."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.odysseynetworks.org/video/Odyssey-Networks-exclusive-interview-with-2011-Nobel-Peace-Prize-Laureate-Leymah-Gbowee|title=Odyssey Networks exclusive interview with 2011 Nobel Peace Prize Laureate Leymah Gbowee - Odyssey Networks<!-- Bot generated title -->|access-date=5 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120111144546/http://www.odysseynetworks.org/video/Odyssey-Networks-exclusive-interview-with-2011-Nobel-Peace-Prize-Laureate-Leymah-Gbowee|archive-date=11 January 2012|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> ==Ihe nkiri akwụkwọ== Gbowee bụ onye na-akọ akụkọ na onye isi ihe nkiri na 2008 ihe nkiri ''Pray the Devil Back to Hell'', nke nwere ọtụtụ ihe nkiri na vidiyo sitere n'oge agha ahụ. Ọ bụ ihe nkiri kacha mma na Ememme Ihe nkiri Tribeca nke 2008 na New York. A na-agbasa ya na United States dịka akụkụ nke usoro ihe nkiri "Ụmụ nwanyị, Agha & Udo", nke a na-agbasa ihe karịrị ụbọchị ise n'usoro na Tuzdee na mmalite Nọvemba 2011 na ọdụ telivishọn ọha.<ref>"Women, War & Peace," www.pbs.org/wnet/women-war-and-peace/. Retrieved 20 October 2011.</ref> E jirila ''Ekpere'' mee ihe dị ka ngwá ọrụ nkwado n'ebe ndị a na-alụ ọgụ ma ọ bụ ebe a lụchara ọgụ, dị ka Bosnia, Afghanistan, Iraq, South Africa, Rwanda, Mexico, Kenya, Cambodia, Russia, Sudan, Democratic Republic of the Congo, na West Bank: "Mmeghachi omume ahụ yiri onwe ha nke ukwuu: n'agbanyeghị otú mba na ọha mmadụ dị iche iche si dị, ụmụ nwanyị ghọtara onwe ha, malitekwa ikwurịta otu ha ga-esi jikọọ aka iji dozie nsogbu nke ha."<ref>[http://www.mediaglobal.org/article/2009-11-01/pray-the-devil-back-to-hell-documentary-serves-as-advocacy-tool-in-post-conflict-zones/ November 2009 MEDIAGLOBAL] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100710093803/http://www.mediaglobal.org/article/2009-11-01/pray-the-devil-back-to-hell-documentary-serves-as-advocacy-tool-in-post-conflict-zones/ |date=10 July 2010 }}</ref><ref name="MightyBe"/>{{rp|214}} N'ime ihe nkiri ahụ, Gbowee pụtara dị ka onye nwere ike ịchị ọchị ma nwee obi ụtọ ná ndụ, n'agbanyeghị ihe o birila: "Gbowee pụtara dị ka onye na-eme atụmatụ, onye na-adịghị mma, onye na-akwado ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke na-akwalite obi ụtọ. Ọ bụghị ihe ọchị dịka balụn - achịcha-kọfị-kọfị-ndị na-eme ihe ọchị, kama ọ bụ ịdị n'otu na-akpali mmadụ inwe obi ụtọ. Ị na-ahụ ụmụ nwanyị na-agba egwu, na-abụ abụ, na-amụmụ ọnụ ọchị, na-eyi uwe mara mma, dị ka nduru, ị na-ahụkwa ọchị n'oge ịnọdụ ala na ngagharị iwe."<ref>Lisa Witter, "The Nobel Peace Prize: A Laughing Matter?" http://www.huffingtonpost.com/lisa-witter/the-nobel-peace-prize-laughing_b_1023953.html. Retrieved 24 October 2011.</ref> ==Onyinye na nkwanye ugwu== [[File:Tawakkul Karman Leymah Gbowee Ellen Johnson Sirleaf Nobel Peace Prize 2011 Harry Wad.jpg|thumb|350px|Site n'aka ekpe gaa n'aka nri: [[Tawakkul Karman]], Leymah Gbowee, na [[Ellen Johnson Sirleaf]] na-egosi ihe nrite ha n'oge a na-enye Onyinye Nobel maka Udo, n'ụbọchị 10 nke ọnwa Disemba, 2011.]] Mkpughe Gbowee na ntọala ọha mmadụ nke New York, nke Disney (onye ghọrọ ezigbo enyi) kwadoro<ref name="autogenerated7" /> mepeere ụzọ maka ọtụtụ onyinye. Nke mbụ, nke sitere na [[John F. Kennedy School of Government]] dị na [[Harvard]], bịara na mmalite afọ 2006; mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ha malitere ịbịa n'ụzọ na-aga n'ihu ngwa ngwa: nkwanye ùgwù sitere n'aka [[Women's eNews]], [[Gruber Prize for Women's Rights]], [[John F. Kennedy Profile in Courage Award]], ihe nrite "Living Legends Award" maka ije ozi nye ụmụ mmadụ, na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ. Na Julaị 2011, [[Eastern Mennonite University|EMU]] kwupụtara na a họpụtara Gbowee dị ka "Onye Gụsịrị Akwụkwọ nke Afọ" (Alumna of the Year) n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-08-05 |title=Crossroads Summer 2011 - Alumni Magazine of Eastern Mennonite University |url=https://issuu.com/easternmennoniteuniversity/docs/crossroads_summer_2011 |access-date=2026-02-25 |website=Issuu |language=en}}</ref> (Nwa nwoke mbụ Gbowee, bụ Joshua "Nuku" Mensah, banyere EMU dị ka nwa akwụkwọ afọ mbụ n'afọ 2010; n'oge ahụ, ọ nọrọ otu afọ n'otu ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ na nwa nwanyị mbụ Sam Gbaydee Doe, bụ Samfee Doe, onye nọ n'afọ ikpeazụ ya n'oge ahụ.)<ref name=autogenerated9 /> Nsọpụrụ kachasị pụta ìhè bịara n'ọnwa Ọktoba afọ 2011, mgbe Kọmitii Nobel nke Norway họpụtara Gbowee ka ọ bụrụ otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị atọ natara Ihe Nrite Nobel maka Udo (Nobel Peace Prize) nke afọ 2011. N'afọ 2022, Gbowee jere ozi dị ka onye otu 'Bartels World Affairs Fellows' na Mahadum Cornell, ebe o nyere nkuzi kwa afọ a na-akpọ 'Bartels World Affairs Lecture'. ===Onyinye=== * 2019 – Golden Plate Award of the [[Academy of Achievement|American Academy of Achievement]] presented by Awards Council member [[Peter Gabriel]].<ref>{{cite web|title= Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement |website=www.achievement.org|publisher=[[American Academy of Achievement]]|url= https://achievement.org/our-history/golden-plate-awards/#public-service}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=2019 Summit Highlights Photo | url= https://achievement.org/summit/2019/|quote= Leymah Gbowee of Liberia, the recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize, addresses Academy delegates and members at a symposium at Four Seasons Hotel during the 53rd annual International Achievement Summit in New York City.}}</ref> * 2016 – [[Community of Christ International Peace Award]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=International Peace Award |url=https://cofchrist.org/international-peace-award/ |access-date=2026-10-06 |website=Community of Christ |language=en}}</ref> * 2014 – Oxfam America Right the Wrong Award <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.oxfam.org/en/ambassadors/leymah-gbowee|title=Leymah Gbowee {{!}} Oxfam International|website=www.oxfam.org|language=en|access-date=20 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180321130330/https://www.oxfam.org/en/ambassadors/leymah-gbowee|archive-date=21 March 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> * 2013 – The [[New York Women's Foundation]] Century Award <ref>{{Cite AV media|medium=video|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bQOeNAaYIuE |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211221/bQOeNAaYIuE |archive-date=21 December 2021 |url-status=live|title=Abigail Disney and Leymah Gbowee at the 2013 Celebrating Women Breakfast}}{{cbignore}}</ref> * 2013 – Barnard College Medal of Distinction <ref>{{cite web|url=http://barnard.edu/news/nobel-laureate-leymah-gbowee-address-barnard-graduates|title=Nobel Laureate Leymah Gbowee to Address Barnard Graduates - Barnard College|access-date=13 December 2016|archive-date=10 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170310042720/https://www.barnard.edu/news/nobel-laureate-leymah-gbowee-address-barnard-graduates|url-status=dead}}</ref> * 2012 – Olympic flag bearer in the [[2012 Summer Olympics opening ceremony]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Zucconi |first=Mike |date=2012-07-31 |title=Gbowee Carries Olympic Flag at Ceremony |url=https://emu.edu/now/news/2012/gbowee-carries-olympic-flag-at-ceremony/ |access-date=2026-10-06 |website=EMU News |language=en-US}}</ref> * 2012 - [[Interfaith Center of New York|James Parks Morton Interfaith Award]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=ICNY |date=2012-06-25 |title=The 2012 James Parks Morton Interfaith Awards Dinner {{!}} ICNY |url=https://interfaithcenter.org/the-2012-james-parks-morton-interfaith-awards-dinner/ |access-date=2026-10-06 |language=en-US}}</ref> * 2011 – [[List of Nobel Peace Prize laureates|Nobel Peace Prize laureate]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nobel Peace Prize 2011 |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/2011/gbowee/facts/ |access-date=2026-10-06 |website=NobelPrize.org |language=en-US}}</ref> * 2011 – [[University of Massachusetts Lowell]] Greeley Scholar for Peace Studies<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20111125171655/http://uml.edu/News/stories/2010-11/greeley_scholar_coverage.aspx Greeley Scholar Challenges Listeners to 'Speak Up'] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111125171655/http://uml.edu/News/stories/2010-11/greeley_scholar_coverage.aspx |date=2011-11-25 }} Julia Gavin, 8 April 2011.</ref> * 2011 – Villanova Peace Award from [[Villanova University]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Wildcat Newswire |url=https://newswire.villanova.edu/newswire/wildcatnewswire/graduate/09-09-2011.html |access-date=2026-10-06 |website=newswire.villanova.edu}}</ref> * 2011 – Alumna of the Year, [[Eastern Mennonite University]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://emu.edu/now/news/2011/10/emu-alum-wins-nobel-peace-prize/.|title=EMU Alum Wins Nobel Peace Prize - EMU News|date=7 October 2011|access-date=13 December 2016}}</ref> * 2010 – Living Legends Award for Service to Humanity<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.savweb.com/2011/10/pray-the-devil-back-to-hell/|title=Pray the Devil Back to Hell* - Sandy Audio Visual LLC|date=7 October 2011|work=Sandy Audio Visual LLC|access-date=4 June 2018|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180918112920/http://www.savweb.com/2011/10/pray-the-devil-back-to-hell/|archive-date=18 September 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> * 2010 – John Jay Medal for Justice from the [[John Jay College of Criminal Justice]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.jjay.cuny.edu/3777.php |title=John Jay Justice Awards |publisher=Jjay.cuny.edu |access-date=7 October 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110929043545/http://www.jjay.cuny.edu/3777.php |archive-date=29 September 2011 }}</ref> * 2010 – Joli Humanitarian Award from [[Riverdale Country School]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=9/10 Building |url=https://www.riverdale.edu/footnote-hill_campus-9_10_building/ |access-date=2026-10-06 |website=Riverdale Country School |language=en-US}}</ref> * 2009 – [[Gruber Prize for Women's Rights]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=2009 Gruber Women's Rights Prize {{!}} Gruber Foundation |url=https://gruber.yale.edu/prize/2009-gruber-womens-rights-prize |access-date=2026-10-06 |website=gruber.yale.edu}}</ref> * 2009 – John F. Kennedy [[Profile in Courage Award]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jfklibrary.org/Events-and-Awards/Profile-in-Courage-Award/Award-Recipients.aspx|title=Award Recipients - John F. Kennedy Presidential Library & Museum|website=www.jfklibrary.org|access-date=20 March 2018}}</ref> * 2009 – "Honor Award for Courageous Commitment for Human Rights of Women" by the Filmfestival Women's Worlds, TERRE DES FEMMES, Germany.{{Citation needed|date=October 2026}} * 2008 – [[Women's eNews]] Leaders for the 21st Century Award<ref>{{cite web|last=Seltzer |first=Sarah |url=http://womensenews.org/story/21-leaders-the-21st-century/071224/seven-who-topple-tyrannies |title=2008 – Seven Who Topple Tyrannies |publisher=Womensenews.org |date=24 December 2007 |access-date=7 October 2011}}</ref> * 2007 – Blue Ribbon for Peace from the [[John F. Kennedy School of Government]] at [[Harvard University]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Harvard Honors Alumna – Peacebuilder Online |url=https://emu.edu/now/peacebuilder/2008/08/harvard-honors-alumna/ |access-date=2026-10-06 |website=emu.edu}}</ref> ===Nzere nsọpụrụ=== * 2024 – Honorary Doctorate, delivery of the [[Oliver Tambo]] lecture, [[Georgetown University]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Honorary Degree Ceremony & Oliver Tambo Lecture with Leymah Gbowee |url=https://www.georgetown.edu/event/honorary-degree-ceremony-oliver-tambo-lecture-with-leymah-gbowee/ |website=Georgetown University |access-date=13 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240213221743/https://www.georgetown.edu/event/honorary-degree-ceremony-oliver-tambo-lecture-with-leymah-gbowee/ |archive-date=13 February 2024 |url-status=dead}}</ref> * 2018 – Honorary Doctorate of International Affairs from [[American University]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Honorary Degree Recipients |url=https://www.american.edu/commencement/honorary-degree-recipients.cfm |access-date=2026-10-06 |website=American University |language=en}}</ref> * 2012 – Honorary Doctorate by Rhodes University<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ru.ac.za/graduationgateway/honorarydoctorates/2012/|title=Honorary Doctorates 2012 |date=12 March 2013 }}</ref> ==Ihe omume ndị ọzọ== * [[Carnegie Corporation of New York]], Member of the Board of Trustees (kemgbe 2020)<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20241126153145/https://www.carnegie.org/news/articles/carnegie-corporation-new-york-welcomes-three-new-trustees/ Carnegie Corporation of New York Welcomes Three New Trustees] [[Carnegie Corporation of New York]], press release of 22 June 2020.</ref> * [[Gulbenkian Prize|Calouste Gulbenkian Prize for Human Rights]], Member of the Jury (kemgbe 2018)<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20181118164902/https://gulbenkian.pt/en/the-foundation/gulbenkian-prizes/the-jury/ Jury] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181118164902/https://gulbenkian.pt/en/the-foundation/gulbenkian-prizes/the-jury/ |date=2018-11-18 }} [[Gulbenkian Prize|Calouste Gulbenkian Prize for Human Rights]]</ref> * Ara Pacis Initiative, Member of the Council<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.arapacisinitiative.org/en/il-consiglio/8-membro-del-consiglio/67-leymah-roberta-gbowee |title=Leymah Roberta Gbowee |access-date=19 March 2014 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20140319190207/http://www.arapacisinitiative.org/en/il-consiglio/8-membro-del-consiglio/67-leymah-roberta-gbowee |archive-date=19 March 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref> * [[Aurora Prize for Awakening Humanity|Aurora Prize]], Member of the Selection Committee (kemgbe 2015)<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180909115146/https://auroraprize.com/en/aurora-prize/2018/selection_committee Selection Committee] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180909115146/https://auroraprize.com/en/aurora-prize/2018/selection_committee |date=2018-09-09 }} [[Aurora Prize for Awakening Humanity|Aurora Prize]].</ref> * High Level Taskforce for the International Conference on Population and Development, Member<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.icpdtaskforce.org/about/Leymah-Gbowee.html |title=Leymah Gbowee, Founder and President, Gbowee Peace Foundation Africa, Liberia - About the High-Level Task Force for ICPD |access-date=19 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140319221715/http://www.icpdtaskforce.org/about/Leymah-Gbowee.html |archive-date=19 March 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Nobel Women's Initiative, Member of the Board<ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=http://nobelwomensinitiative.org/meet-the-laureates/leymah-gbowee/|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120711163520/http://nobelwomensinitiative.org/meet-the-laureates/leymah-gbowee/|url-status=dead|archive-date=July 11, 2012|title=Meet Nobel Peace laureate Leymah Gbowee, Nobel Women's Initiative|access-date=13 December 2016}}</ref> * PeaceJam Foundation, Member of the Board<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.peacejam.org/laureates/Leymah-Gbowee-13.aspx |title=Peacejam &#124; Leymah Gbowee |access-date=19 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121028153007/http://peacejam.org/laureates/Leymah-Gbowee-13.aspx |archive-date=28 October 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref> * World Refugee & Migration Council (WRMC), Member of the Council<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://wrmcouncil.org/council-members/|title=Council Members, World Refugee & Migration Council |website=wrmcouncil.org |access-date=8 April 2021}}</ref> ==Ọrụ== * {{Cite book |title=Mighty Be Our Powers: How Sisterhood, Prayer and Sex Changed a Nation at War: A Memoir |url=https://archive.org/details/mightybeourpower0000gbow |last=(ya na Carol Mithers) |author-link1=Leymah Gbowee |date=2011 |publisher=[[Beast Books]] |isbn=978-0-9842951-5-9 |location=New York |oclc=751747258}} ==Hụkwa== * Enweghị nha anya n'etiti nwoke na nwanyị na Liberia * Ndị ojii natara ihe nrite Nobel * Ndepụta nke ụmụ nwanyị natara ihe nrite Nobel * Ndepụta nke ndị na-akwado udo * Ndepụta ụmụ nwanyị duziri nnupụisi ma ọ bụ ọgụ megide ọchịchị * Ọgbagha mmekọahụ * Lysistrata * [http://www.globaleducationmagazine.com/international-women%C2%B4s-day-interview-leymah-gbowee/ Ụbọchị Ụmụ Nwanyị Mba Ụwa: Ajụjụ Ọnụ nke Leymah Gbowee] na * [http://www.globaleducationmagazine.com/ Global Education Magazine] ==Edensịbịa== {{Reflist|30em}} == Njikọ mpụga == {{Wikiquote|Leymah Gbowee}} * TED speaker ** [https://www.ted.com/talks/leymah_gbowee_unlock_the_intelligence_passion_greatness_of_girls "Unlock the intelligence, passion, greatness of girls" (TED2012)] * [http://www.wipsen-africa.org/wipsen/ WIPSEN-Africa] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20111009211616/http://www.gnwp.org/members/wipnet WIPNET] * [http://www.emu.edu/peacebuilding/leymah-gbowee Master's program alumni profile] * C-SPAN 63480 * Charlie Rose view 7276 * NYTtopic people/g/leymah_gbowee * [http://www.depauw.edu/news-media/latest-news/details/28190/ Ubben Lecture at DePauw University]; 15 February 2012 * [https://www.pbs.org/wnet/women-war-and-peace/tag/leymah-gbowee/ Leymah Gbowee] at ''Women, War & Peace'' at [[PBS]] * [http://www.thirteen.org/insidethirteen/2011/10/06/leymah-gbowee-discusses-women-war-peace-on-tavis-smiley/ Leymah Gbowee Discusses Women, War & Peace on Tavis Smiley'] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190912010449/https://www.thirteen.org/insidethirteen/2011/10/06/leymah-gbowee-nobel-peace-prize/ |date=2019-09-12 }}, ''[[WNET]]'', full video of 5 October 2011 interview * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304094520/http://www.universitiesnews.com/2012/05/29/nobel-peace-prize-laureate-leymah-gbowee-to-address-international-educators-conference-tomorrow/ Leymah Gbowee to Address International Educators Conference – NAFSA] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120406020459/http://www.sgiquarterly.org/feature2011Jan-4.html Interview with Leymah Gbowee in SGI Quarterly "Unleashing the Power of Women"] * Nobelprize {{S-start}} {{s-ach}} {{s-bef|before=[[Liu Xiaobo]]}} {{s-ttl|title=Laureate of the [[Nobel Peace Prize]]|with=[[Tawakel Karman]] and [[Ellen Johnson Sirleaf]]|years=2011}} {{s-aft|after=[[European Union]]}} {{S-end}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gbowee, Leymah}} [[Category: Ụmụ nwanyị]] [[Category:Living people]] tmepaoekqgsp2eqq9wybggb6g0lm555 Mariam Dao Gabala 0 81256 742125 739715 2026-10-31T06:03:16Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 742125 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {{Short description|Nwanyị azụmaahịa na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke sị mba Ivory Coast}} [[File:Dao Gabala.jpg|thumb|Mariam Dao Gabala]] '''Mariam Dao Gabala''', a mụrụ n'ụbọchị nke atọ n'ọnwa Maachị, 1960,<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=E-FEMMES :: Mot du Ministre |url=https://efemmes.gouv.ci/femmes_refences/8 |access-date=2026-10-09 |website=efemmes.gouv.ci}}</ref> bụ nwanyị ọchụnta ego, onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, na onye na-akwado ikike ụmụ nwanyị si mba Ivory Coast.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-02-22 |title=Côte d'Ivoire - Femmes - Mariam Dao Gabala, la bonne fée |url=https://www.lepoint.fr/economie/cote-d-ivoire-femmes-mariam-dao-gabala-la-bonne-fee-22-02-2015-1906964_28.php |access-date=2024-01-06 |website=Le Point |language=fr}}</ref> Ọ na-akwado ka ndị mmadụ niile nwee ohere iji ọrụ ego eme ihe, nakwa maka mmepe nkà ụmụ nwanyị na Ivory Coast yana n'Africa. Ọ na-eje ozi dị ka Sinetọ na mba [[Côte d'Ivoire]]. ==Mbido Ndụ== After her baccalaureate, she attentes to Ecole Supérieur de Commerce d'Abijan, Mgbe baccalaureate ya gasịrị, ọ gara Ecole Supérieur de Commerce d'Abijan,<ref name=":1" /> ma mesia gaa [[HEC Paris]] (1984) na France<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-01-15 |title=FIF, qui est Mariam DAO Gabala la présidente du Comité de normalisation {{!}} 7info |url=https://www.7info.ci/fif-qui-est-mariam-dao-gabala-la-presidente-du-comite-de-normalisation/ |access-date=2024-01-06 |website={{!}} 7info |language=fr-FR |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240106094029/https://www.7info.ci/fif-qui-est-mariam-dao-gabala-la-presidente-du-comite-de-normalisation/ |archive-date=2024-01-06 |url-status=dead}}</ref> na HEC Montréal(1987).<ref name=":2" /> ==Ọrụ== Mariam Dao Gabala bụ onye isi mpaghara nke NGO Oikocredit maka mba francophone nke Africa rụọ afọ iri abụọ.<ref>{{Cite web |last=School |first=MDE Business |date=2016-07-22 |title=si-argent-motivation-premiere-vous-echouerez |url=https://www.mde.ci/actualites/si-argent-motivation-premiere-vous-echouerez/ |access-date=2026-10-10 |website=MDE Business School |language=fr-FR}}</ref> Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye ndụmọdụ n'ihe gbasara azụmahịa ụmụ nwanyị na International Labour Office, African Development Bank, International Labour Organization, yana World Bank Group.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Tony |first=NAHOUNOUX |date=2 June 2016 |title=Mariam Dao Gabala : la finance au service des autres |url=http://www.jda.ci/ |access-date=10 October 2026 |website=Journal d'Abidjan|language=French|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160619231822/http://www.jda.ci/|archive-date=19 June 2016}}</ref> Ọ rụrụ [[Ivorian Football Federation]] ọrụ, site na Jenụwarị 14, 2021 ruo Mee 4, 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Côte d'Ivoire. Fif : Mission réussie pour Dao Gabala, la force tranquille |url=https://lebanco.net/news/44646-cote-divoire-fif-mission-reussie-pour-dao-gabala-la-force-tranquille.html |access-date=2024-01-06 |website=lebanco.net |language=fr-FR}}</ref> N'ọnwa Eprel afọ 2019, ọ so n'ime ndị sinetọ iri atọ na atọ Onye isi ala Alassane Ouattara họpụtara.<ref name=":1" /> ==Ndụ nke onwe== A mụrụ ya na 1960. A mụrụ ya n'aka nna bụ Onye Kraịst na nne bụ Onye Alakụba.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Portrait - Mariam Dao Gabala : Prêter plutôt que donner |url=https://www.lebabi.net/actualite/portrait-mariam-dao-gabala-preter-plutot-que-donner-2485.html |access-date=2024-01-06 |website=LeBabi.net |language=fr}}</ref> Ọ bụ nwa nke mbụ n'ime ụmụaka iri abụọ na abụọ, ọ na-elekọtakwa ụmụnne ya ndị nwoke na ndị nwanyị.<ref name=":1" /> ==Edensịbịa== {{reflist}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Dao Gabala, Mariam}} [[Category:Ụmụ nwanyị]] [[Category:Living people]] 9r7c0klpytt7mg41ek98lg7fk10fd5z Event:Expanding Igbo verb entries on wiktionary 1728 81266 742101 741877 2026-10-30T22:13:34Z Geraldine Kene 23189 /* Project Timeline */ 742101 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Expanding verb entries on Igbo Wiktionary== ===Project Overview=== This project aims to expand Igbo language content on Wiktionary by creating new verb entries. It will involve identifying undocumented verbs, verifying their meanings and spellings, and adding relevant definitions, grammatical information, usage examples, and translations where appropriate. The project seeks to fill gaps in Igbo-language content, make Igbo vocabulary more accessible to speakers, learners, translators, and researchers, and support the preservation and digital development of Igbo in line with Wikimedia’s goals of expanding free knowledge and linguistic diversity. ===Project Goals=== The goal of this project is to expand Igbo language content on Wiktionary by creating 100 new verb entries. It aims to fill existing content gaps, improve access to reliable Igbo vocabulary resources, and support the preservation and digital development of the Igbo language. ===Project Timeline=== November 6–November 30, 2026 ʃ=== Project work list with links ===ʃ {| class="wikitable" |+ !S/N !New verb created !Link 7xar60pk6a2e1hmaw0hag9liakfb88f 742102 742101 2026-10-30T22:13:58Z Geraldine Kene 23189 /* Project Timeline */ 742102 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Expanding verb entries on Igbo Wiktionary== ===Project Overview=== This project aims to expand Igbo language content on Wiktionary by creating new verb entries. It will involve identifying undocumented verbs, verifying their meanings and spellings, and adding relevant definitions, grammatical information, usage examples, and translations where appropriate. The project seeks to fill gaps in Igbo-language content, make Igbo vocabulary more accessible to speakers, learners, translators, and researchers, and support the preservation and digital development of Igbo in line with Wikimedia’s goals of expanding free knowledge and linguistic diversity. ===Project Goals=== The goal of this project is to expand Igbo language content on Wiktionary by creating 100 new verb entries. It aims to fill existing content gaps, improve access to reliable Igbo vocabulary resources, and support the preservation and digital development of the Igbo language. ===Project Timeline=== November 6–November 30, 2026 === Project work list with links === {| class="wikitable" |+ !S/N !New verb created !Link 6tgergfuy4v0qj3rohmdqvlu6cg7xom 742103 742102 2026-10-30T22:20:15Z Geraldine Kene 23189 /* Project work list with links */ 742103 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Expanding verb entries on Igbo Wiktionary== ===Project Overview=== This project aims to expand Igbo language content on Wiktionary by creating new verb entries. It will involve identifying undocumented verbs, verifying their meanings and spellings, and adding relevant definitions, grammatical information, usage examples, and translations where appropriate. The project seeks to fill gaps in Igbo-language content, make Igbo vocabulary more accessible to speakers, learners, translators, and researchers, and support the preservation and digital development of Igbo in line with Wikimedia’s goals of expanding free knowledge and linguistic diversity. ===Project Goals=== The goal of this project is to expand Igbo language content on Wiktionary by creating 100 new verb entries. It aims to fill existing content gaps, improve access to reliable Igbo vocabulary resources, and support the preservation and digital development of the Igbo language. ===Project Timeline=== November 6–November 30, 2026 q5dim2g4juz3jcglufzipudalrnfpft Wikipedia:Expanding Igbo verb entries on Wiktionary 4 81273 742099 741911 2026-10-30T22:09:14Z Geraldine Kene 23189 /* Expanding Igbo verb entries on Wiktionary */ 742099 wikitext text/x-wiki ===Project Overview=== This project aims to expand Igbo language content on Wiktionary by creating new verb entries. It will involve identifying undocumented verbs, verifying their meanings and spellings, and adding relevant definitions, grammatical information, usage examples, and translations where appropriate. The project seeks to fill gaps in Igbo-language content, make Igbo vocabulary more accessible to speakers, learners, translators, and researchers, and support the preservation and digital development of Igbo in line with Wikimedia’s goals of expanding free knowledge and linguistic diversity. ===Project Goals=== The goal of this project is to expand Igbo language content on Wiktionary by creating 100 new verb entries. It aims to fill existing content gaps, improve access to reliable Igbo vocabulary resources, and support the preservation and digital development of the Igbo language. === Project work list with links === {| class="wikitable" |+ !S/N !New verb created !Link ea9yol35jnav2s6su8kob3he2tv0uw0 742127 742099 2026-10-31T06:46:51Z Geraldine Kene 23189 /* Project work list with links */ 742127 wikitext text/x-wiki ===Project Overview=== This project aims to expand Igbo language content on Wiktionary by creating new verb entries. It will involve identifying undocumented verbs, verifying their meanings and spellings, and adding relevant definitions, grammatical information, usage examples, and translations where appropriate. The project seeks to fill gaps in Igbo-language content, make Igbo vocabulary more accessible to speakers, learners, translators, and researchers, and support the preservation and digital development of Igbo in line with Wikimedia’s goals of expanding free knowledge and linguistic diversity. ===Project Goals=== The goal of this project is to expand Igbo language content on Wiktionary by creating 100 new verb entries. It aims to fill existing content gaps, improve access to reliable Igbo vocabulary resources, and support the preservation and digital development of the Igbo language. === Project work list with links === {| class="wikitable" |+ !S/N !New verb created !Link |- |1. |Bịa | |- |2. |Buo | 74sptlxwuq6y7pvw25m2j3ikqy73c9d Arsenal F.C. 0 81276 742107 2026-10-30T23:08:00Z Footieedit10 67387 Jiri 'Arsenal F.C. Okwu mmalite Arsenal Football Club bụ otu egwuregwu bọọlụ ọkachamara nke dị na Islington, n'ebe ugwu London, England. E guzobere klọb ahụ n'afọ 1886, ndị ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ngwa agha Royal Arsenal dị na Woolwich, ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ London. A maara Arsenal nke ọma site n'aha otutu ya bụ The Gunners (Ndị na-eji egbe). Arsenal bụ otu n'ime klọb bọọlụ kacha nwee ihe ịga nke ọma n'akụkọ egwureg...' kere ihü 742107 wikitext text/x-wiki Arsenal F.C. Okwu mmalite Arsenal Football Club bụ otu egwuregwu bọọlụ ọkachamara nke dị na Islington, n'ebe ugwu London, England. E guzobere klọb ahụ n'afọ 1886, ndị ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ngwa agha Royal Arsenal dị na Woolwich, ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ London. A maara Arsenal nke ọma site n'aha otutu ya bụ The Gunners (Ndị na-eji egbe). Arsenal bụ otu n'ime klọb bọọlụ kacha nwee ihe ịga nke ọma n'akụkọ egwuregwu bọọlụ England. Klọb ahụ emeriela iko asọmpi English top-flight ugboro 14, gụnyere aha mmeri Premier League ugboro anọ, yana iko FA Cup ugboro 14. A makwaara Arsenal maka ndị na-akwado ya n'ụwa niile na asọmpi siri ike ya na Tottenham Hotspur. Ebe egwuregwu Arsenal ugbu a bụ Emirates Stadium, nke dị na Holloway, Islington, London. 1. Akụkọ ihe mere eme na ntọala klọb ahụ n'afọ 1886 E guzobere Arsenal n'afọ 1886 site n'aka otu ndị ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ n'ụlọ ọrụ Royal Arsenal dị na Woolwich. Ná mmalite, aha otu egwuregwu ahụ bụ Dial Square, aha e si n'otu akụkụ ụlọ ọrụ ha na-arụ ọrụ nweta. Egwuregwu mbụ ha mere bụ n'ụbọchị 11 Disemba 1886, mgbe ha meriri Eastern Wanderers. N'oge na-adịghị anya, ha gbanwere aha klọb ahụ gaa Royal Arsenal. N'afọ 1893, klọb ahụ ghọrọ ọkachamara ma gbanwee aha ya gaa Woolwich Arsenal. N'otu afọ ahụ, ha sonyeere Football League, bụrụ klọb mbụ si na ndịda England sonyeere asọmpi ahụ. N'afọ 1913, n'ihi nsogbu ego na ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-abịa ile egwuregwu dị ala, klọb ahụ si Woolwich kwaga Highbury, nke dị na Islington, n'ebe ugwu London. Mgbe e mesịrị, a wepụrụ okwu "Woolwich" n'aha klọb ahụ, nke ghọrọ Arsenal. N'afọ 1925, Herbert Chapman ghọrọ onye njikwa Arsenal. Ọrụ ya nyere aka mee ka klọb ahụ ghọọ otu n'ime ndị kacha ike n'egwuregwu bọọlụ England. N'okpuru nduzi ya na ndị njikwa sochiri ya, Arsenal meriri ọtụtụ iko asọmpi n'afọ ndị 1930. 2. Highbury na Emirates Stadium Highbury bụ ebe egwuregwu Arsenal site n'afọ 1913 ruo 2006. Egwuregwu mbụ e mere n'ebe ahụ bụ na 6 Septemba 1913, mgbe Arsenal meriri Leicester Fosse 2–1. N'ime afọ 93 Arsenal nọrọ na Highbury, ebe ahụ ghọrọ akụkụ dị mkpa nke akụkọ ihe mere eme klọb ahụ. Arsenal meriri ọtụtụ iko asọmpi n'ebe ahụ, gụnyere ọtụtụ aha mmeri Football League na FA Cup. N'afọ 2006, Arsenal hapụrụ Highbury ma kwaga Emirates Stadium, nke dịkwa na Islington, London. E mepere ámá egwuregwu ọhụrụ ahụ n'afọ 2006, egwuregwu mbụ e mere n'ebe ahụ bụ egwuregwu ncheta Dennis Bergkamp na 22 Julaị 2006. Emirates Stadium bụ ebe Arsenal na-egwu egwuregwu ụlọ ha ugbu a, ọ nwekwara ikike ịnabata ihe dị ka mmadụ 60,000. Ịkwaga n'ebe ọhụrụ ahụ nyere klọb ahụ ohere ịbawanye ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-ekiri egwuregwu na ego ha na-enweta. 3. Ihe ịga nke ọma na Premier League na FA Cup Arsenal bụ otu n'ime klọb kacha nwee ihe ịga nke ọma n'akụkọ Football League na Premier League. Ha emeriela aha mmeri n'asọmpi English top-flight ugboro 14, gụnyere ugboro anọ kemgbe e guzobere Premier League n'afọ 1992. Arsenal meriri Premier League n'oge egwuregwu 1997–98, 2001–02, 2003–04 na 2025–26. Otu ndị meriri aha mmeri n'afọ 2003–04 bụ ndị a maara dịka The Invincibles, n'ihi na ha gụchara egwuregwu league 38 ahụ n'enweghị otu mmeri. Ndị otu Arsène Wenger duziri n'oge ahụ ghọrọ otu n'ime ndị kacha echeta n'akụkọ Premier League. Arsenal nwekwara ndekọ pụrụ iche na FA Cup. Ha emeriela asọmpi ahụ ugboro 14, nke bụ ndekọ kachasị elu n'akụkọ asọmpi ahụ. Mmeri mbụ ha nwetara bụ n'afọ 1930, mgbe ha meriri Huddersfield Town n'ikpeazụ. Mmeri FA Cup ikpeazụ ha ruo ugbu a bụ n'afọ 2020, mgbe ha meriri Chelsea 2–1 n'ikpeazụ. Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang gbara goolu abụọ n'egwuregwu ahụ. 4. Asọmpi bọọlụ na Europe Arsenal esorola ọtụtụ klọb si mba dị iche iche na-asọ mpi n'asọmpi bọọlụ Europe. Ha meriri European trophy mbụ ha n'afọ 1970, mgbe ha meriri Inter-Cities Fairs Cup. N'afọ 1994, Arsenal meriri UEFA Cup Winners' Cup, mgbe ha meriri Parma 1–0 n'ikpeazụ. Alan Smith gbara goolu naanị otu n'egwuregwu ahụ. Arsenal erutela n'ikpeazụ UEFA Cup n'afọ 2000, mgbe Galatasaray meriri ha site na penati. N'afọ 2006, ha ruru n'ikpeazụ UEFA Champions League nke mbụ ha, mana Barcelona meriri ha 2–1. N'afọ 2019, Arsenal ruru n'ikpeazụ UEFA Europa League, ebe Chelsea meriri ha 4–1. N'afọ 2026, Arsenal ruru n'ikpeazụ UEFA Champions League ọzọ, nke bụ nke ugboro abụọ ha ruru n'ọkwa ahụ n'akụkọ klọb ahụ. 5. Esemokwu na asọmpi dị n'etiti Arsenal na Tottenham Hotspur Otu n'ime asọmpi kacha ewu ewu n'akụkọ egwuregwu bọọlụ England bụ nke dị n'etiti Arsenal na Tottenham Hotspur. A maara ya dịka North London Derby, n'ihi na klọb abụọ ahụ dị n'ebe ugwu London. Esemokwu dị n'etiti klọb abụọ ahụ malitere ịka njọ mgbe Arsenal si Woolwich kwaga Highbury n'afọ 1913. Tottenham, nke nọbu n'ebe ugwu London, ahụghị mmegharị ahụ n'ụzọ dị mma. Egwuregwu mbụ Arsenal na Tottenham mere bụ n'afọ 1887, tupu Arsenal akwaga n'ebe ugwu London. Kemgbe ahụ, asọmpi dị n'etiti ha abụrụla otu n'ime egwuregwu kacha nwee mmasị na mmetụta n'etiti ndị na-akwado bọọlụ England. Ndị na-akwado Arsenal na Tottenham na-ewere mmeri n'asọmpi a dị ka ihe dị oke mkpa, n'ihi asọmpi akụkọ ihe mere eme na nke mpaghara dị n'etiti klọb abụọ ahụ. 6. Ndị njikwa na ndị egwuregwu ama ama N'ime akụkọ ihe mere eme Arsenal, ọtụtụ ndị njikwa na ndị egwuregwu enyela aka n'ime ka klọb ahụ bụrụ otu n'ime ndị kacha ewu ewu n'ụwa. Ndị njikwa ama ama: Herbert Chapman (1925–1934) – nyere aka mee ka Arsenal ghọọ otu n'ime klọb kacha ike n'afọ ndị 1930. George Graham (1986–1995) – duziri Arsenal n'ọtụtụ mmeri, gụnyere mmeri League na 1989 na 1991. Arsène Wenger (1996–2018) – duziri Arsenal n'ọtụtụ mmeri Premier League na FA Cup, gụnyere oge The Invincibles nke 2003–04. Mikel Arteta (2019–) – onye bụbu onye egwuregwu Arsenal nke ghọrọ onye njikwa klọb ahụ. O duziri Arsenal merie FA Cup n'afọ 2020 na Premier League n'afọ 2026. Ndị egwuregwu ama ama: Thierry Henry – onye kacha gbaara Arsenal goolu n'akụkọ klọb ahụ, nwere goolu 228. Dennis Bergkamp – onye egwuregwu ama ama maka nka, ọgụgụ egwuregwu na ikike ịmepụta ohere goolu. Patrick Vieira – onye bụbu onye isi ndị egwuregwu Arsenal, nyere aka n'ọtụtụ mmeri klọb ahụ. Tony Adams – onye isi ndị egwuregwu Arsenal ruo ọtụtụ afọ, bụrụkwa otu n'ime ndị na-agbachitere kacha mkpa n'akụkọ klọb ahụ. Ian Wright – onye bụbu onye na-agba goolu ama ama nke Arsenal. Bukayo Saka – onye egwuregwu si n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ọzụzụ ndị ntorobịa Arsenal pụta, bụrụkwa otu n'ime ndị egwuregwu dị mkpa n'oge a. Arsenal ka bụ otu n'ime klọb bọọlụ kacha ewu ewu na England na n'ụwa niile, n'ihi akụkọ ihe mere eme ya, ihe ịga nke ọma ya na ndị na-akwado ya. hif00w8w9nd5vrmw84c3m7ea8e3bibt Event:Asọmpi Mkpụrụokwu Narị Abụọ, 2026 (Igbo Wiktionary 200 Words Challenge) 1728 81277 742113 2026-10-30T23:59:12Z Onyinye Achukwu 9592 Jiri '<div style="background-color:#333954; border:3px solid #6699A3; border-radius:3px; border-top:3px solid #0088A3; padding:3px;"> <div style="background-color:#FFF; padding:1em 2ex;"> <div style="background-color:#237654; border:3px solid #6699A3; border-radius:3px; border-top:3px solid #0088A3; padding:3px;"> <div style="background-color:#FFF; padding:1em 2ex;"> =={{Color|#CC5500|'''Aims '''}}== The writing contest '''Asọmpi Okwu Narị Abụọ''' will focus on the C...' kere ihü 742113 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color:#333954; border:3px solid #6699A3; border-radius:3px; border-top:3px solid #0088A3; padding:3px;"> <div style="background-color:#FFF; padding:1em 2ex;"> <div style="background-color:#237654; border:3px solid #6699A3; border-radius:3px; border-top:3px solid #0088A3; padding:3px;"> <div style="background-color:#FFF; padding:1em 2ex;"> =={{Color|#CC5500|'''Aims '''}}== The writing contest '''Asọmpi Okwu Narị Abụọ''' will focus on the CREATION of Words, Phrases, Idioms and Proverbs on the '''Igbo WIKTIONARY'''. TARGETING community members writing at least 200 '''ENTRIES''' will INCREASE the NUMBER of words in Igbo '''WIKTIONARY'''. This project is also an '''OPPORTUNITY''' for new '''WIKTIONARY''' CONTRIBUTORS. == {{Color|#CC5500|'''Prizes '''}} == Gift vouchers will be awarded to the 10 highest '''CONTRIBUTORS''' at the end of the contest. 1st Prize 2nd Prize 3rd Prize 4th Prize 5th prize 6- 10th (Consolation Prize) == {{Color|#CC5500|'''Judging the contest '''}} == The judging of the contest will be point-based; the individuals with the highest points will be awarded the prize. The scoring system for the winners would be as follows: Five points (5.0) would be awarded for every new page created. 1 point will be awarded for improving an already existing word. == {{Color|#CC5500|'''List '''}} == [[Otú:Mmemme 2026]] 2k39696wj3h6nnyj82z29bppkyhch9a Ojiarụ:Chukwuno Chinaza Clare 2 81278 742129 2026-10-31T10:26:45Z Chukwuno Chinaza Clare 67319 Jiri 'My name is Chukwuno Chinaza Clare. I am from Imo state, Orlu LGA. I am a final year student of University of Nigeria Enugu Campus. Department of Banking and finance, Faculty of Management Sciences.' kere ihü 742129 wikitext text/x-wiki My name is Chukwuno Chinaza Clare. I am from Imo state, Orlu LGA. I am a final year student of University of Nigeria Enugu Campus. Department of Banking and finance, Faculty of Management Sciences. 5zn6p8okaq4yqmnr3xpp87nd69vewyf