Wikipedia ilowiki https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umuna_a_Panid MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.9 first-letter Midia Espesial Tungtungan Agar-aramat Agar-aramat tungtungan Wikipedia Wikipedia tungtungan Papeles Papeles tungtungan MediaWiki MediaWiki tungtungan Plantilia Plantilia tungtungan Tulong Tulong tungtungan Kategoria Kategoria tungtungan TimedText TimedText talk Modulo Modulo tungtungan Event Event talk 0 3288 406075 390276 2026-07-05T15:57:45Z Birkho 20202 + Pirma 406075 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox mannurat | name = Rainer Maria Rilke | image = Rilke, 1900.jpg | imagesize = | caption = Retrato ni Rilke, idi 1900. | pseudonym = | birth_date = {{Petsa ti pannakaipasngay|1875|12|4|fd=y}} | birth_place = [[Prague]], [[Pagarian iti Bohemia|Bohemia]], [[Austria-Hungaria]] | death_date = {{Petsa ti ipupusay ken tawen|1926|12|29|1875|12|4|fd=y}} | death_place = [[Montreux]], Suisa | occupation = mannaniw, nobelista | nationality = Austriano | period = 1894–1925 | genre = | movement = | influences = [[Jens Peter Jacobsen|J. P. Jacobsen]], [[Lou Andreas-Salomé]], [[Georg Trakl]], [[Auguste Rodin]], [[Paul Cézanne|Cézanne]], [[Søren Kierkegaard|Kierkegaard]], [[Friedrich Nietzsche|Nietzsche]] | influenced = [[Martin Heidegger]], [[William H. Gass]], [[J.D. Salinger]], [[Thomas Pynchon]], [[Erich Maria Remarque]] | signature = Unterschrift Rainer Maria Rilke österreichischer Erzähler und Lyriker.svg | website = }} Ni '''Rainer Maria Rilke''' ([[Disiembre 4]], [[1875]] – [[Disiembre 29]], [[1926]]), maysa nga [[Austria]]no a mannaniw, ket maibilang kas kaindaklanan a mannaniw iti pagsasao nga [[Pagsasao nga Aleman|Aleman]] iti maika-20 a siglo. Dagiti imahen kadagiti daniwna ket maitaltalimudok kadagiti pakarikutan ti [[Cristianismo|Kristianidad]] iti panawen ti di panamatpati, panagmaymaysa, ken nakaro a pannakaburibor, dagiti tema a mangiraman kenkuana iti eskuela dagiti [[Modernismo|modernista]] a mannaniw. Nagsursurat nga agpada iti berso ken lirikal a prosa, dagiti dua a kalalatakan a piesa ti berso ni Rilke ket ti ''Dagiti Soneto ken ni Orpheus'' ken ti ''Dagiti Elehia a Duino''. Dagiti met kalalatakan a piesana a prosa ket ti ''Sursurat iti Ubing a Mannaniw'' ken ti semi-autobiograpikal a ''Dagiti Kuaderno ni Malte Laurids Brigge''. Nagputar pay iti nasurok a 400 a dandaniw iti pagsasao a [[Pagsasao a Pransés|Pransés]]. == Dagiti akinruar a silpo == {{Wikiquote}} * {{commons-nailinia}} * [http://www.rilke.ch International Rilke Association] * [http://rainer-maria-rilke.de Die Gedichte von Rainer Maria Rilke] * [http://blackink.de/literatur/texte/duineser_elegien/titel.html Duineser Elegien] * [http://sonett-archiv.com/r/rilke.htm Rilke's German language sonnets] * [http://www.sonett-central.de/rilke.htm Rilke's translations of sonnets] * [http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/authors/r/rainer_maria_rilke.html bio and quotes] * [http://www.uvm.edu/%7Esgutman/Rilke.htm Audio discussion of seven of the "New Poems"] * [http://www.nybooks.com/articles/5268 The Big Three: Rilke's correspondence with Tsvetayeva and Pasternak] {{Kontrol ti autoridad}} [[Kategoria:Literatura|Rilke]] [[Kategoria:Mamannaniw|Rilke]] [[Kategoria:1875 a pannakaipasngay]] [[Kategoria:1926 nga ipupusay]] pbqbd14fadbso2e55srm546c6ep6ha7 0 25998 406078 405677 2026-07-05T21:23:47Z InternetArchiveBot 14943 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 406078 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Automatic taxobox | image = Equisetoid twigs.jpg | image_caption = Agoo (''[[Casuarina equisetifolia]]'') | taxon = Casuarinaceae | authority = [[Robert Brown (botaniko, naiyanak idi 1773)|R.Br.]]<ref name=APGIII2009 /> | type_genus = ''[[Casuarina]]'' | type_genus_authority = [[L.]] | subdivision_ranks = [[Genus|Genera]] | subdivision = * ''[[Allocasuarina]]'' <small>[[Lawrence Alexander Sidney Johnson|L.A.S.Johnson]] 1982</small> * ''[[Casuarina]]'' <small>[[L.]] 1759</small> * ''[[Ceuthostoma]]'' <small>L.A.S.Johnson 1986</small> * ''[[Gymnostoma]]'' <small>L.A.S.Johnson 1980</small> | range_map = Casuarinaceae distribution.svg | range_map_caption = The range of Casuarinaceae }} Ti '''Casuarinaceae''' ket [[pamilia (biolohia)|pamilia]] dagiti [[dicotyledon]] dagiti [[mula nga agsabsabong]] a nipauesto iti urnos ti [[Fagales]], a mangbukel kadagiti uppat a henero ken agaraup a 70 a sebbangan dagiti kayo ken bassit a kaykayo a patneng iti [[tropiko]] ti [[Daan a Lubong]] (Indo-Malaysia), [[Australia]], ken [[Is-isla ti PasipikoP]]. Iti maysa apanawen, amin a sebbangan ket naikabil iti henero ti ''Casuarina'', ngem dagitoy ket naipagsisina idi 1980, 1982 ken 1988 kadagiti henero ti ''[[Allocasuarina]]'', ''[[Casuarina]]'', ''[[Ceuthostoma]]'', ken ''[[Gymnostoma]]''<ref name=Johnson1980Casuarinaceae /><ref name=Johnson1982Casuarinaceae /><ref name=Johnson1988Casuarinaceae />. Daytoy ket kontrobersial met idi iti dayta a panawen, ti monophyly dagitoy a henero ket kanungpalan idi a nasuportaran iti maysa a molekular a panagadal iti pamilia idi 2003.<ref name=2003Phylogenetics /> Iti [[sisitema Wettstein]], daytoy a pamilia ket is-isu laeng ti naikabil iti urnos ti Verticillatae. Ken dagiti met sistema ti [[sistema Engler|Engler]], [[sistema Cronquist|Cronquist]] ken [[sistema Kubitzki|Kubitzki]], ti Casuarinaceae ket is-isu ti pamilia anaikabil iti urnos ti Casuarinales. Dagiti kameng ti daytoy a pamilia ket nailaslasin babaen ti panaglay-ot ti '''equisetoid''' (a ti kaibuksilanna ket "kapada ti sangsanga iti ''[[Equisetum|ipus ti kabalio]]''") , dagitoy ket [[kankanayon a berde]], ken[[monoecious]] wenno [[dioecious]]. Dagiti ramutda ket adda dagiti nodulo nga [[Agaramid ti nitroheno#Biolohiko a panagaramid tinitroheno|agaramid ti nitroheno]] ng agalaon ti daga nga actinomycete ''[[Frankia]]''. Ti kaaduan a naus-usar a sapasap a nagan iti Ingles para iti sebbangan ti Casuarinaceae ket ti '''sheoak''' wenno '''she-oak''' (ti panangipada ti kalidada ti tarikayo iti [[Quercus robur|Ingles a diraan]]). Dagiti dadduma pay a nagan iti Ingles ket mairaman ti '''ironwood''', '''bull-oak''' wenno '''buloke''', '''beefwood''',<ref name=RudeTimberBuildingsAustralia1969 /> wenno '''cassowary tree'''.<ref name=Partridge2013 /> The [[Kondado ti Buloke]] idiay [[Victoria, Australia]] ket nanaganan manipud iti sebbanagan ti ''[[Allocasuarina luehmannii]]''. == Sistematika == Isingasing ti moderno a [[molekular a pilohenetiko]] dagiti sumaganad a pannakikabagain:<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = ((Xiang X-G)), Wang W, ((Li R-Q)), Lin L, Liu Y, ((Zhou Z-K)), ((Li Z-Y)), ((Chen Z-D)) | year = 2014 | title = Large-scale phylogenetic analyses reveal fagalean diversification promoted by the interplay of diaspores and environments in the Paleogene | journal = Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics | volume = 16 | issue = 3 | pages = 101–110 | url = http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1433831914000201 | doi = 10.1016/j.ppees.2014.03.001}}</ref> {{Klado| style=line-height:75%; |1={{klado |1=[[Myricaceae]]&nbsp;([[Outgroup (cladistics)|outgroup]]) |label2=Casuarinaceae |2={{klado |1=''[[Gymnostoma]]'' |2={{klado |1=''[[Ceuthostoma]]'' |2={{klado |1=''[[Allocasuarina]]'' |2=''[[Casuarina]]'' }} }} }} }} }} == Dagiti nota == {{Reflist|30em|refs= <ref name=APGIII2009>{{Cite journal |last=Grupo ti Angiosperma Pilohenia |year=2009 |title=Ti maysa a panangipabaro ti Grupo ti Angiosperma Pilohenia a pannakaidasig para kadagiti urnos ken dagiti pamilia dagiti mula nga agsabsabong: APG III |journal=Botaniko a Warnakan ti Linneo a Kagimongan |volume=161 |issue=2 |pages=105–121 |url=http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122630309/abstract |format=PDF |accessdate=26 Hunio 2013 |doi=10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x |archive-date=2017-05-25 |archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20170525104318/http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x/abstract |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref name=Johnson1980Casuarinaceae>{{Cite journal |last1= Johnson |first1= Lawrie A. S. |year= 1980 |title= Dagiti nota iti Casuarinaceae |journal= Telopea |volume= 2 |issue= 1 |pages= 83–84 |url= http://www.anbg.gov.au/apii/ump.show_public_image?v_umo=5811315&quality=ORIGINAL |version= (Online a panid ti arkibo a bersion, silpo babaen ti APNI ''Gymnostoma'') |format= PDF |accessdate= 20 Marso 2013 }}</ref> <ref name=Johnson1982Casuarinaceae>{{Cite journal |last1= Johnson |first1= Lawrie A. S. |date= 23 Disiembre 1982 |title= Dagiti nota iti Casuarinaceae II |journal= Warnakan dagitiBotaniko a Hardin ti Adelaide |volume= 6 |issue= 1 |pages= 73–87 |issn= |url= http://www.environment.sa.gov.au/files/a1b1242f-9eeb-43c3-b4d5-9f8600b9658b/JABG06P073_Johnson.pdf |format= PDF |accessdate= 20 Marso 2013 |archive-date= 2015-06-10 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150610210411/http://www.environment.sa.gov.au/files/a1b1242f-9eeb-43c3-b4d5-9f8600b9658b/JABG06P073_Johnson.pdf |url-status= dead }}</ref> <ref name=Johnson1988Casuarinaceae>{{Cite journal |last1= Johnson |first1= Lawrie A. S. |year= 1988 |title= Dagiti nota iti Casuarinaceae III: Thi baro a henero''Ceuthostoma'' |journal= Telopea |volume= 3 |issue= 2 |pages= 133–137 |url= http://www.anbg.gov.au/apii/ump.show_public_image?v_umo=5811705&quality=ORIGINAL |version= (Online a panid ti arkibo a bersion, silpo babaen ti APNI ''Ceuthostoma'') |format= PDF |accessdate= 20 Marso 2013 }}</ref> <ref name=Partridge2013>{{cite book|last=Partridge|first=Eric|title=Dagiti taudan: Ti Ababa nga Etimolohiko a Diksionario ti Moderno nga Ingles|year=2013|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-134-94217-6|page=82|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=9fbpc7iyL2UC&pg=PA82&lpg=PA82http://books.google.com/books?id=9fbpc7iyL2UC&pg=PA82#v=onepage&q&f=falseassowary%20tree%22&f=false}}</ref> <ref name=2003Phylogenetics>{{cite journal|author=Steane, Dorothy A.|author2= Wilson, Karen L.|author3= Hill, Robert S. |title=Panagusar ti ''mat''K a datos tipanagsasaruno tapno matakuatan ti pilohenia ti Casuarinaceae|journal=Molekular a Pilohenetika ken Ebolusion|volume=28|year=2003|pages=47–59|url=http://eprints.utas.edu.au/3490/1/Acr664.pdf |format= PDF | doi = 10.1016/S1055-7903(03)00028-9 | pmid= 12801471|accessdate=12 Nobiembre 2010}}</ref> <ref name=RudeTimberBuildingsAustralia1969>Cox, P., & Freeland, J. 1969. ''Nagubsan a tarikayo dagiti pnangipatakder idiay Australia.'' Thames kenni Hudson. {{ISBN|0-500-34035-8}} page 18. Ni Cox ket nangibagbaga a ti nagan a 'she-oak' ket naala manipud it Patneng nga Amerikano ti ''sheac'' – beefwood.</ref> }} == Dagiti akinruar a silpo == {{Wikispecies-inline|Casuarinaceae}} {{Commonscat-inline|Casuarinaceae}} *[http://www.mpl.ird.fr/rhizo Timpuyogan ti panagsukisok] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070405055805/http://www.mpl.ird.fr/rhizo |date=2007-04-05 }} manipud iti [http://www.ird.fr/ IRD] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20000815200629/http://www.ird.fr/ |date=2000-08-15 }} a nagob-obra iti ''[[Frankia]]''-Casuarinaceae [[mycorrhizal]] ken ti panagaramid ti nitroheno a [[simbiosis]] {{Taxonbar|from=Q474620}} [[Kategoria:Casuarinaceae| ]] 3z1iowuizkuaphf8ypnld57337k0po4 0 32065 406077 405672 2026-07-05T20:18:49Z InternetArchiveBot 14943 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 406077 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Papeles:Gimpy-r CAPTCHA.jpg|thumb|Daytoy a CAPTCHA ti "smwm" ket nalideman ti mensahe manipud ti panangipatarus ti kompiuter babaen ti panagtititir kadagit letra ken panagnayon ti maris ti likudan.]] Ti '''CAPTCHA''' (maysa nga akronimo para iti "'''C'''ompletely '''A'''utomated '''P'''ublic [[Turing test|'''T'''uring test]] to tell '''C'''omputers and '''H'''umans '''A'''part") ket kita ti [[karit-sungbat a panagpasingket|karit-sungbat]] a panagsubok nga inus-usar iti [[kumputasion]] tapno maikeddeng no ti agar-aramat ket tao. Thi termino ket naaramid idi 2000<ref name=ew>{{cite news |last=Walsh |first=Eric |title=CAPTCHA he cracked by artficial intelligence|url=http://mybroadband.co.za/news/internet/90435-captcha-cracked-by-artificial-intelligence.html |agency=Reuters| accessdate=27 Nobiembre 2013 |newspaper=mybroadband.co.za |date=Oktubre 28, 2013}}</ref> babaen ni [[Luis von Ahn]], [[Manuel Blum]], Nicholas J. Hopper ti Unibersidad ti Carnegie Mellon ken [[John Langford (sientista ti kompiuter)|John Langford]] ti [[International Business Machines|IBM]].<ref name=nyt>{{cite news |last=Engber|first=Daniel|title=Sino ti nagaramid ti Captcha?|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2014/01/19/magazine/who-made-that-captcha.html |agency=NYT| accessdate=17 Enero 2014 |newspaper=nytimes.com|date=Enero 17, 2014}}</ref> Ti kadawyan a kita ti CAPTCHA ket immuna idi a pinarnuay babaen ni Mark D. Lillibridge, Martin Abadi, Krishna Bharat ken ni Andrei Z. Broder. Daytoy a porma ti CAPTCHA ket makasapul nga imakinilnia ti agar-aramat dagiti letra iti bakkaweng a ladawan, ken sagpaminsan iti panagnayon iti maysa a nalidem a panagsisinnaruno dagiti letra weenno numero nga agparang iti pagbuyaan. Gapu ta ti panagsubok ket inaramid babaen ti kompiuter, a maigiddiat iti Turing a panagsubok nga inar-aramid babaen ti tao, ti CAPTCHA ket sagpaminsan a naipalplawag a kas [[baliktad a Turing a panagsubok]]. Daytoy a termino ket saan a nalawag gapu ta kaibuksilanna pay ti Turing a panagsubok a dagiti makibinglay ket padpadasenda a mangpasinked nga isuda ket kompiuter. Daytoy a proseso ti panagikeddeng ti agar-aramat ket nakaawat kadagiti adu a kritisismo, a naipangpangruna kadagiti nabaldado a tattao, ken manipud pay kadagiti sabali a tattao a nakarikrikna a ti inaldaw a panagtrabahoda ket pinabuntugan babaen dagiti bakkaweng a balikas a narigat a mabasa uray dagiti agar-aramat nga awan ti dis-abalidadna.<ref>[http://www.techspot.com/news/53495-disabled-australian-starts-petition-to-kill-captcha.html Disabled Australian starts petition to kill CAPTCHA], an article by Tim Schiesser (Agosto 5, 2013, 9:30 AM)</ref> ==Dagiti nagibasaran== {{Reflist}} == Dagiti akinruar a silpo == {{Kategoria ti Commons-nailinia}} *{{Dmoz|Computers/Internet/Abuse/CAPTCHA/}} * [http://www.captcha.net Ti Captcha a Gandat] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120404215102/http://www.captcha.net/ |date=2012-04-04 }} [[Kategoria:Parbo a saririt]] {{pungol}} rybehmg74sc62y9bfz4yc4q51lkksm8 0 36083 406080 320257 2026-07-06T02:42:53Z InternetArchiveBot 14943 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 406080 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Papeles:Degree diagram.svg|thumb|Maysa a grado (naipakita iti nalabbasit) ken<br />walo pulo ket siam (naipakita iti asul)]] Ti '''grado''' (iti napno, ti '''grado ti arko''', '''arko grado''', wenno '''arkogrado'''), kadawyan a naipakpakita iti '''°''' (ti [[simbolo ti grado]]), ket ti panagrukod ti [[anggulo]] ti [[plano (matematika)|plano]], a mangirepresenta ti {{frac|1|360}} iti [[Sikko (heometria)|napno a panaglimutn]]. Daytoy ket saan a [[yunit ti SI]], gapu ta ti yunit ti SI unit para kadagiti anggulo ket [[radian]], ngem daytoy ket naibagbaga iti polieto ti SI a kas maysa a [[Dagiti yunit a saan nga SI a naibagbaga iti SI|maawat a yunit]].<ref>{{cite article |author=Bureau International des Poid et Mesures |title=The International System of Units (SI) |date=2006 |edition=maika-8|url=http://www.bipm.org/en/si/si_brochure/chapter4/table6.html}}</ref> Gapu ta ti napno a panaglimut ket kapada dagiti 2{{pi}} a radian, ti maysa a grado ket kapada dagiti {{pi}}/180 a radian. == Dagiti nagibasaran == {{Reflist}} == Dagiti akinruar a silpo == {{Commonscat-inline|Degree (angle)|{{PAGENAME}}}} * [http://www.mathopenref.com/degrees.html Dagiti grado a kas maysa a panagrukod ti anggulo] * [http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Degree.html Grado] iti MathWorld * {{cite web|last=Gray|first=Meghan|title=° Grado ti Anggulo|url=http://www.sixtysymbols.com/videos/degree.htm|work=Sixty Symbols|publisher=Brady Haran para iti Unibersidad ti Nottingham|author2=Merrifield,Michael|author3=Moriarty, Philip|date=2009|access-date=2015-01-10|archive-date=2015-02-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150213031844/http://www.sixtysymbols.com/videos/degree.htm|url-status=dead}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Grado (Anggulo)}} [[Kategoria:Dagiti yunit ti anggulo]] {{pungol}} owjaz8irlovoefv8owgo6hq6b6xmrn6 0 59781 406074 340403 2026-07-05T15:05:20Z InternetArchiveBot 14943 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 406074 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox sientista | birth_date = {{Petsa ti pannakaipasngay|1841|04|07}} | death_date = {{Petsa ti ipupusay ken tawen|1916|04|15|1841|04|07}} | nationality = Belga | image = Alfred Cogniaux.jpg | fields = Botanika }}[[Papeles:Flora Brasiliensis-Title page vol. 3 p. 4.JPG|thumb|''[[Flora Brasiliensis]]'' vol. 3 pt. 4 – Orchidaceae]] Ni '''Célestin Alfred Cogniaux''' (Abril 7, 1841 – Abril 15, 1916) ket maysa idi a [[Belhika|Belga]] a [[botaniko]]. Kadagiti sabali a mula, ti henero ti ''[[Neocogniauxia]]'' dagiti orkida ket naipanagan kaniana. Idi 1916 ti adu ti bilanga a pribado a herbabariona ket ket innala idi babaen ti [[Nailian a Botaniko a Hardin ti Belhika]]. == Dagiti pablaak == * De Saldanha da Gama, J., Cogniaux, A. ''Bouquet de Mélastomacées brésiliennes dédiées a Sa Majesté Dom Pedro II empereur du Brésil''. A. Remacle,1887 Verviers. [http://www.botanicus.org/title/b12442768 Botanicus] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190712213020/http://www.botanicus.org/title/b12442768 |date=2019-07-12 }} * Cogniaux, A., ''Melastomaceae''. G. Masson, Paris, 1891 * Cogniaux, Alfredus, ''Orchidaceae''. Vol. III, [[Commons:Alfred Cogniaux – Flora Brasiliensis vol. 3 pt. 4 – Orchidaceae|part IV, V and VI]] of ''[[Flora Brasiliensis]]''. Lipsiae (= Leipzig), Frid. Fleischer, 1893–1906 * Linden, L., Cogniaux, A. & Grignan, G., ''Les orchidées exotiques et leur culture en Europe''. (1019 pages Bruxelles; Paris. chez l'auteur. Octave Doin, 1894. * Cogniaux, A., Goossens, A.: [[Commons: A. Cogniaux & A. Goossens – Dictionnaire Iconographique des Orchidees|''Dictionnaire Iconographique des Orchidees'']]; 2 vol. (826 pl., 315 p.), 1896–1907. Perthes en Gâtinais (France), Institut des Jardins. 1990 {{ISBN|2-908041-01-4}} * Cogniaux, A., Harms, H. ''Cucurbitaceae-Cucurbiteae-Cucumerinae'' (2 vols.) W. Engelmann, Leipzig,1924. {{botaniko|Cogn.|Cogniaux, Alfred}} == Dagiti nagibasaran == <references /> * [http://www.br.fgov.be/PUBLIC/GENERAL/HISTORY/cogniaux.php Short biography with portrait.] * {{cite journal|author = Jacquet, Pierre |title= Un orchidologue belge digne de mémoire : Alfred Cogniaux (1841–1916)|journal= L'Orchidophile|language=Pranses}}, 157:p.?, 2003. == Dagiti akinruar a silpo == * {{Internet Archive author |sname=Alfred Cogniaux}} * {{commonscat-inline|Célestin Alfred Cogniaux}} {{Kontrol ti autoridad}} {{Botaniko-pungol}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cogniaux, Alfred}} [[Kategoria:Dagiti botaniko manipud iti Belhika]] [[Kategoria:1841 a pannakaipasngay]] [[Kategoria:1916 nga ipupusay]] l900fzdjcvnyajth22zwejjfc52lavk 0 64047 406082 348072 2026-07-06T06:29:35Z InternetArchiveBot 14943 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 406082 wikitext text/x-wiki Ni '''José Antonio Pavón Jiménez''' wenno '''José Antonio Pavón''' (Abril 22, 1754 iti [[Casatejada]], [[Cáceres (probinsia)|Cáceres]], [[Espania]] – 1840 iti [[Madrid]]) ket maysa idi nga [[Espania|Espaniol]] a botaniko nga ammo para iti panagsukisok iti flora ti [[Peru]] ken [[Chile]]. Idi las-ud ti turay ni Carlos III ti Espania, adda dagidi tallo a nangruna nga ekspedision a naipatulod iti Baro a Lubong; da Pavón ken [[Hipólito Ruiz López]] ket isuda idi dagiti botaniko para kadagitoy nga ekspedision, idiay Peru ken Chile manipud idi 1777 aginggana idi 1788.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=OMNoS-g1h8cC&pg=PA926&lpg=PA926&dq=%22Jos%C3%A9+Antonio+Pav%C3%B3n%22+1777+Chile&source=bl&ots=vuC6Sk7QjL&sig=iTsxDALNrK81GQPhytxWr0_IQBg&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjFsNiol4jMAhXin4MKHUh-CeAQ6AEITzAI#v=onepage&q=%22Jos%C3%A9%20Antonio%20Pav%C3%B3n%22%201777%20Chile&f=false Iberia and the Americas: Culture, Politics, and History : a …, Volume 1] inurnos babaenn i John Michael Francis</ref> Ti pagalagadan ti [[Listaan dagiti botaniko babaen ti pangyababaan ti mannurat|pangyababaan ti mannuratn]] iti Ruiz & Pav. ket maus-usar a mangibaga kenni Pavón ken ti katrabahuanna a ni Ruiz a kas dagiti kimmaddua a mannurat no [[Panangidakamat ti mannurat (botanika)|agdakamat]] iti maysa a [[nagan a botaniko]]. Ti henero ti ''[[Pavonia (mula)|Pavonia]]'' ket naipanagan akas pammadayaw kaniana babaen ni [[Antonio José Cavanilles]] <ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=-37OBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA2812&lpg=PA2812&dq=%22+Pavonia%22++%22Pav%C3%B3n%22&source=bl&ots=8gMwpo4jZY&sig=B5Rtw3TL41j49rLJVcegyW3EtP0&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjQ65jv9IfMAhWpn4MKHQUGCnQ4ChDoAQgbMAA#v=onepage&q=%22%20Pavonia%22%20%20%22Pav%C3%B3n%22&f=false CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants: Common Names …] babaen ni Umberto Quattrocchi</ref> — dagiti mula iti espesipiko nga epiteta iti ''pavonii'' ket mangipalagip pay iti naganna.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=FQRHAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA222&lpg=PA222&dq=%22Pav%C3%B3n+y+Jim%C3%A9nez%22+1754&source=bl&ots=Uc6v6BiIVc&sig=pTXbXvZo9cx5Mo2gv0RB2ivqjBA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiKy5Oe9ofMAhXorYMKHfsHCA84ChDoAQgxMAQ#v=onepage&q=%22Pav%C3%B3n%20y%20Jim%C3%A9nez%22%201754&f=false Etymological Dictionary of Grasses] babaen da Harold T. Clifford, Peter D. Bostock</ref> {{Botaniko|Pav.|Pavón Jiménez, José Antonio}} == Dagiti nagibasaran == {{Reflist}} == Dagiti akinruar a silpo == {{Commonscat-inline|José Antonio Pavón y Jiménez}} *{{iti sao|es}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20070927003715/http://www.citologica.org/fteixido/default.asp?Id=8&Fd=2 Ababa a biograpia] *[http://www.botanicus.org/item/31753003431704 "Flora Peruviana et Chilensis" Vols. I-III magun-od iti online iti website ti Botanicus.org] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402093629/http://www.botanicus.org/item/31753003431704 |date=2015-04-02 }} *[http://www.larramendi.es/vcilustrados/i18n/consulta_aut/registro.do?id=3229 José Antonio Pavón. Polymath Virtual Library, Fundación Ignacio Larramendi] {{Kontrol ti autoridad}} {{Botaniko-pungol}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Pavon Jimenez, Jose Antonio}} [[Kategoria:Dagiti botaniko manipud iti Espania]] [[Kategoria:1754 a pannakaipasngay]] [[Kategoria:1840 nga ipupusay]] f12odt26p8llngr87t8a840mx7ckpjm 0 68414 406076 406025 2026-07-05T16:02:44Z InternetArchiveBot 14943 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 406076 wikitext text/x-wiki {{automatic taxobox |display_parents = 2 |taxon = Arachnothryx |authority = [[Jules Émile Planchon|Planch.]] |type_species = ''[[Arachnothryx leucophylla]]'' |type_species_authority = ([[Carl Sigismund Kunth|Kunth]]) [[Jules Émile Planchon|Planch.]] |synonyms = *''Cuatrecasasiodendron'' <small>[[Julian Alfred Steyermark|Steyerm.]]</small> *''Javorkaea'' <small>[[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]] & Jarai-Koml.</small> *''Otocalyx'' <small>[[Townshend Stith Brandegee|Brandegee]]</small> *''Renistipula'' <small>[[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> *''Siphonandra'' <small>[[Nicolai Stepanovitch Turczaninow|Turcz.]]</small> }} Ti '''''Arachnothryx''''' ket ti [[henero (biolohia)|henero]] dagiti [[agsabsabong a mula]] iti [[Pamilia (biolohia)|pamilia]] ti [[Rubiaceae]]. Daytoy ket aglaon kadagiti agarup a 107 a [[sebbangan]]. Mabirukan daytoy manipud iti [[Mehiko]] aginggana iti [[Peru]] ken iti [[Trinidad]].<ref name="WCSP">{{cite web|url=http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/qsearch.do?plantName=Arachnothryx|title=''Arachnothryx'' in the World Checklist of Rubiaceae|accessdate=15 Enero 2013}}</ref> == Taksonomia == Ti ''Arachnothryx'' ket [[Nagan a botaniko|ninaganan]] babaen ni [[Jules Émile Planchon]] idi 1849.<ref name="ipniarachnothryx">''Arachnothryx'' Iti: International Plant Names Index. (kitaen ti ''Dagiti akinruar a silpo'' dita baba).</ref><ref name="planchon1849">Jules Émile Planchon. 1849. ''Flore des Serres et des Jardins de l'Europe'' 5:442 and illustration. (kitaen ti ''Dagiti akinruar a silpo'' dita baba).</ref> Naala daytoy a kadawyan a naga manipud iti [[Taga-ugma a Griego]]: ti ''arachne'' wenno ''arachnos'', "maysa a lawwalawwa", ken ''thrix'' wenno ''trichos'', "buok".<ref name="Quattrocchi2000">{{cite book|author=Quattrocchi U|year=2000|title=CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names|volume=1|publisher=CRC Press|location=Boca Raton, New York, Washington DC, London|ISBN=978-0-8493-2675-2}}</ref> Kas agdama a naipalawag, ti ''Arachnothryx'' ket [[parapiletiko]] iti ''Cuatrecasasiodendron'', ''[[Gonzalagunia]]'', ken ''Javorkaea''. Adda dagiti mannurat a mangiraman dagitoy a henero iti maysa nga adu a naipalawag a ''[[Rondeletia (mula)|Rondeletia]]'', ngem dagiti [[molekular a pilohenetiko]] a panagadal ket nakaipakita nga isuda ket as-asideg a kabagian iti ''[[Guettarda]]'' ngem iti ''[[Rondeletia (mula)|Rondeletia]]''.<ref name="Manns2010">{{cite journal|author=Manns U, Bremer B |year=2010 |title=Towards a better understanding of intertribal relationships and stable tribal delimitations within Cinchonoideae s.s. (Rubiaceae) |journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution |volume=56 |pages=21–39 |url=http://www.bergianska.se/pub/publikationer/Manns/Manns_Bremer_2010.pdf |doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2010.04.002 |pmid=20382247 |issue=1 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927023612/http://www.bergianska.se/pub/publikationer/Manns/Manns_Bremer_2010.pdf |archivedate=2011-09-27 }}</ref> == Dagiti sebbangan == {{div col|colwidth=22em}} * ''[[Arachnothryx aspera]]'' <small>([[Paul Carpenter Standley|Standl.]]) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx atravesadensis]]'' <small>(Lorence) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx bertieroides]]'' <small>([[Paul Carpenter Standley|Standl.]]) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx brachytyrsa]]'' <small>[[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx brenesii]]'' <small>([[Paul Carpenter Standley|Standl.]]) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx buddleioides]]'' <small>([[George Bentham|Benth.]]) [[Jules Émile Planchon|Planch.]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx calycophylla]]'' <small>[[Julian Alfred Steyermark|Steyerm.]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx calycosa]]'' <small>(Donn.Sm.) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx capitellata]]'' <small>([[William Hemsley (botanist)|Hemsl.]]) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx caucana]]'' <small>([[Paul Carpenter Standley|Standl.]] ex [[Julian Alfred Steyermark|Steyerm.]]) [[Julian Alfred Steyermark|Steyerm.]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx chaconii]]'' <small>(Lorence) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx chiapensis]]'' <small>([[Townshend Stith Brandegee|Brandegee]]) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx chimalaparum]]'' <small>Lorence ex [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx chimboracensis]]'' <small>([[Paul Carpenter Standley|Standl.]]) [[Julian Alfred Steyermark|Steyerm.]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx chiriquiana]]'' <small>(Lorence) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx colombiana]]'' <small>([[Henry Hurd Rusby|Rusby]]) [[Julian Alfred Steyermark|Steyerm.]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx costanensis]]'' <small>[[Julian Alfred Steyermark|Steyerm.]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx costaricensis]]'' <small>([[Paul Carpenter Standley|Standl.]]) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx cupreiflora]]'' <small>([[Karl Moritz Schumann|K.Schum.]] & [[Kurt Krause|K.Krause]]) [[Julian Alfred Steyermark|Steyerm.]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx darienensis]]'' <small>([[Paul Carpenter Standley|Standl.]]) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx discolor]]'' <small>([[Carl Sigismund Kunth|Kunth]]) [[Jules Émile Planchon|Planch.]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx dwyeri]]'' <small>(Lorence) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx educta]]'' <small>([[Paul Carpenter Standley|Standl.]] ex [[Julian Alfred Steyermark|Steyerm.]]) [[Julian Alfred Steyermark|Steyerm.]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx euryphylla]]'' <small>([[Paul Carpenter Standley|Standl.]]) [[Julian Alfred Steyermark|Steyerm.]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx evansii]]'' <small>(Lorence) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx flocculosa]]'' <small>[[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx fosbergii]]'' <small>[[Julian Alfred Steyermark|Steyerm.]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx galeottii]]'' <small>([[Paul Carpenter Standley|Standl.]]) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx garciae]]'' <small>[[Paul Carpenter Standley|Standl.]] ex [[Julian Alfred Steyermark|Steyerm.]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx ginetteae]]'' <small>(Lorence) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx glabrata]]'' <small>([[Paul Carpenter Standley|Standl.]]) [[Julian Alfred Steyermark|Steyerm.]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx gonzaleoides]]'' <small>([[Paul Carpenter Standley|Standl.]]) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx gracilis]]'' <small>([[William Hemsley (botanist)|Hemsl.]]) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx gracilispica]]'' <small>([[Paul Carpenter Standley|Standl.]]) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx guerrerensis]]'' <small>(Lorence) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx guettardioides]]'' <small>[[Paul Carpenter Standley|Standl.]] ex [[Julian Alfred Steyermark|Steyerm.]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx heteranthera]]'' <small>([[Townshend Stith Brandegee|Brandegee]]) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx hispidula]]'' <small>[[August Heinrich Rudolf Grisebach|Griseb.]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx hondurensis]]'' <small>(Donn.Sm.) Lorence</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx izabalensis]]'' <small>([[Paul Carpenter Standley|Standl.]] & [[Julian Alfred Steyermark|Steyerm.]]) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx jurgensenii]]'' <small>([[William Hemsley (botanist)|Hemsl.]]) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx laniflora]]'' <small>([[George Bentham|Benth.]]) [[Jules Émile Planchon|Planch.]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx latiloba]]'' <small>[[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx leucophylla]]'' <small>([[Carl Sigismund Kunth|Kunth]]) [[Jules Émile Planchon|Planch.]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx lineolata]]'' <small>[[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx linguiformis]]'' <small>([[William Hemsley (botanist)|Hemsl.]]) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx linguiloba]]'' <small>[[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]] & Diego</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx lojensis]]'' <small>[[Julian Alfred Steyermark|Steyerm.]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx macrocalyx]]'' <small>([[Paul Carpenter Standley|Standl.]] & [[Julian Alfred Steyermark|Steyerm.]]) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx manantlanensis]]'' <small>(Lorence) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx megalantha]]'' <small>(Lorence) Lorence</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx mexicana]]'' <small>([[Nicolai Stepanovitch Turczaninow|Turcz.]]) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx michoacana]]'' <small>[[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx monteverdensis]]'' <small>(Lorence) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx monticola]]'' <small>[[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx myriantha]]'' <small>([[Paul Carpenter Standley|Standl.]] & [[Julian Alfred Steyermark|Steyerm.]]) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx nebulosa]]'' <small>([[Paul Carpenter Standley|Standl.]]) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx nelsonii]]'' <small>Lorence</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx nitida]]'' <small>([[William Hemsley (botanist)|Hemsl.]]) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx ovandensis]]'' <small>(Lundell) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx ovata]]'' <small>([[Henry Hurd Rusby|Rusby]]) [[Julian Alfred Steyermark|Steyerm.]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx pansamalana]]'' <small>([[Paul Carpenter Standley|Standl.]]) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx pauciflora]]'' <small>[[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx perezii]]'' <small>([[Paul Carpenter Standley|Standl.]] ex [[Julian Alfred Steyermark|Steyerm.]]) [[Julian Alfred Steyermark|Steyerm.]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx peruviana]]'' <small>([[Paul Carpenter Standley|Standl.]]) [[Julian Alfred Steyermark|Steyerm.]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx povedae]]'' <small>(Lorence) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx purpurea]]'' <small>(Lorence) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx pyramidalis]]'' <small>(Lundell) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx reflexa]]'' <small>([[George Bentham|Benth.]]) [[Jules Émile Planchon|Planch.]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx rekoi]]'' <small>([[Paul Carpenter Standley|Standl.]]) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx ricoae]]'' <small>(Lorence) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx rosea]]'' <small>Linden</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx rubens]]'' <small>(L.O.Williams) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx rufescens]]'' <small>(B.L.Rob.) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx rugulosa]]'' <small>([[Paul Carpenter Standley|Standl.]]) [[Julian Alfred Steyermark|Steyerm.]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx rzedowskii]]'' <small>(Lorence) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx sanchezii]]'' <small>[[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]] & Salas-Mor.</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx scabra]]'' <small>([[William Hemsley (botanist)|Hemsl.]]) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx scoti]]'' <small>(Lorence) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx secunda]]'' <small>([[Paul Carpenter Standley|Standl.]]) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx secundiflora]]'' <small>(B.L.Rob.) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx septicidalis]]'' <small>(B.L.Rob.) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx sessilis]]'' <small>[[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]] & G.Ortiz</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx sinaloae]]'' <small>[[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx skutchii]]'' <small>([[Paul Carpenter Standley|Standl.]] & [[Julian Alfred Steyermark|Steyerm.]]) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx sousae]]'' <small>[[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx spectabilis]]'' <small>([[Julian Alfred Steyermark|Steyerm.]]) Rova</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx stachyoidea]]'' <small>(Donn.Sm.) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx subglabra]]'' <small>[[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]] & N.C.Jiménez</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx tacanensis]]'' <small>(Lundell) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx tayloriae]]'' <small>(Lorence) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx tenorioi]]'' <small>(Lorence) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx tenuisepala]]'' <small>[[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx thiemei]]'' <small>(Donn.Sm.) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx torresii]]'' <small>([[Paul Carpenter Standley|Standl.]]) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx tuxtlensis]]'' <small>(Lorence & Cast.-Campos) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx uxpanapensis]]'' <small>(Lorence & Cast.-Campos) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx venezuelensis]]'' <small>[[Julian Alfred Steyermark|Steyerm.]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx villosa]]'' <small>([[William Hemsley (botanist)|Hemsl.]]) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> * ''[[Arachnothryx wendtii]]'' <small>(Lorence & Cast.-Campos) [[Attila Borhidi|Borhidi]]</small> {{div col end}} == Dagiti nagibasaran == {{Reflist}} == Dagiti akinruar a silpo == {{Commonscat-inline|Arachnothryx}} *[http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/qsearch.do?plantName=Arachnothryx ''Arachnothryx'' iti World Checklist of Rubiaceae] * [http://www.botany.si.edu/ing/INGsearch.cfm?searchword=Arachnothryx ''Arachnothryx'']{{Natay a silpo|date=March 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} iti: [http://www.botany.si.edu/ing/ Index Nominum Genericorum] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181116211833/http://botany.si.edu/ing/ |date=2018-11-16 }} iti: [http://www.botany.si.edu/index.htm?references References] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100927172741/http://botany.si.edu/index.htm?references |date=2010-09-27 }} iti: [http://www.botany.si.edu/index.htm NMNH Department of Botany] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101001045837/http://botany.si.edu/index.htm |date=2010-10-01 }} iti: [http://www.mnh.si.edu/rc/ Research and Collections] iti: [http://www.mnh.si.edu/ Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160222183809/http://www.mnh.si.edu/ |date=2016-02-22 }} * [http://www.ipni.org/ipni/advPlantNameSearch.do?find_family=&find_genus=Arachnothryx+&find_species=&find_infrafamily=&find_infragenus=&find_infraspecies=&find_authorAbbrev=&find_includePublicationAuthors=on&find_includePublicationAuthors=off&find_includeBasionymAuthors=on&find_includeBasionymAuthors=off&find_publicationTitle=&find_isAPNIRecord=on&find_isAPNIRecord=false&find_isGCIRecord=on&find_isGCIRecord=false&find_isIKRecord=on&find_isIKRecord=false&find_rankToReturn=all&output_format=normal&find_sortByFamily=on&find_sortByFamily=off&query_type=by_query&back_page=plantsearch ''Arachnothryx''] iti: [http://www.ipni.org/ipni/plantnamesearchpage.do Plant Names] iti: [http://www.ipni.org/ IPNI] * [http://www.botanicus.org/page/1364456 ''Arachnothryx''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220193210/http://www.botanicus.org/page/1364456 |date=2020-02-20 }} iti: [http://www.botanicus.org/item/31753002747282 Volume 5 (1849)] iti: [http://www.botanicus.org/title/b11954978 Fl. Serres Jard. Eur.] iti: [http://www.botanicus.org/browse/titles Titles] iti: [http://www.botanicus.org/ Botanicus] {{Webarchive|url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20091211004729/http://www.botanicus.org/ |date=2009-12-11 }} * [http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?13426 ''Arachnothryx''] iti: [http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/gnlist.pl?975 List of Genera] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20001217065800/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/gnlist.pl?975 |date=2000-12-17 }} iti: [http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/family.pl?975 Rubiaceae] iti: [http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/famlist.pl List of families] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20000816163915/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/famlist.pl |date=2000-08-16 }} iti: [http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxfam.pl?language=en Families and Genera in GRIN] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130227004053/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxfam.pl?language=en |date=2013-02-27 }} iti: [http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/queries.pl?language=en Queries] iti: [http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/index.pl GRIN taxonomy for plants] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041015103620/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/index.pl |date=2004-10-15 }} * [http://ntbg.org/plants/plant_details.php?plantid=10045 ''Arachnothryx''] iti: [https://web.archive.org/web/20101126200020/http://ntbg.org/plants/choose_a_plant.php Choose a Plant] iti: [https://web.archive.org/web/20101126184508/https://ntbg.org/plants/ Meet the Plants] iti: [http://ntbg.org/index.php National Tropical Botanical Garden] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170606043320/http://ntbg.org/index.php |date=2017-06-06 }} {{Taxonbar|from=Q4783588}} [[Kategoria:Guettardeae]] [[Kategoria:Flora ti Mehiko]] [[Kategoria:Flora ti Tengnga nga Amerika]] [[Kategoria:Flora ti Trinidad ken Tobago]] [[Kategoria:Flora ti Colombia]] [[Kategoria:Flora ti Venezuela]] [[Kategoria:Flora ti Ecuador]] [[Kategoria:Flora ti Peru]] nntozws1m0mly1wbexdnz7fggp90nlh 0 68622 406079 403280 2026-07-05T21:51:02Z InternetArchiveBot 14943 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 406079 wikitext text/x-wiki {{speciesbox | name = ''Chione'' | display_parents = 3 | genus = Chione | species = venosa | parent_authority = [[Augustin Pyramus de Candolle|DC.]] | authority = ([[Olof Peter Swartz|Sw.]]) [[Ignatz Urban|Urb.]] | synonyms = Genus *''Crusea'' <small>[[Achille Richard|A.Rich.]]</small> *''Oregandra'' <small>[[Paul Carpenter Standley|Standl.]]</small> *''Sacconia'' <small>[[Stephan Friedrich Ladislaus Endlicher|Endl.]]</small> Species *''Jacquinia venosa'' <small>[[Olof Peter Swartz|Sw.]]</small> }} Ti '''''Chione''''' ket ti [[Monotipiko a takson|monotipiko]] a [[henero (biolohia)|henero]] dagiti [[agsabsabong a mula]] iti pamilia ti [[Rubiaceae]] nga aglaon iti bugbugtong a sebbangan ti '''''Chione venosa'''''. Daytoy ket patneng iti [[neotropiko]], a kaaduan a mabirukan iti [[Mehiko]], ken iti amin a paset ti [[Tengnga nga Amerika]], ti [[Karibe]], [[Colombia]], [[Ecuador]], ken [[Peru]]. Daytoy ket kadawyan a [[kayo]] nga agtubo iti 10 aginggana iti 20 a metro iti katayag. Dagiti di nasayaat a habitat, daytoy ket mabalin a pandek wenno bassit a mula. Daytoy ket awan ti ammo nga usar iti ekonomia. == Sistematika == Ti henero ti ''Chione'' ket impatakder babaen ni [[Augustin Pyramus de Candolle|de Candolle]] iti bukodna a [[Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis|''Prodromus'']] idi 1830.<ref name="decandolle1830">Augustin Pyramus de Candolle. 1830. ''Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis''. 4: 461.</ref><ref name="ipnichione">''Chione'' iti: International Plant Names Index</ref> Ti nagan ti henero ket naala manipud iti [[Pagsasao a Griego|Griego]] a balikas ti ''chion'', a ti kayatna a sawen ket niebe.<ref name="Quattrocchi2000">{{cite book|author=Quattrocchi U|year=2000|title=CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names|volume=1|publisher=CRC Press|location=Boca Raton, New York, Washington DC, London|ISBN=978-0-8493-2675-2}}</ref> Tibiolohiko a kita para iti henero ket dagiti mula a tinawtawagan ni de Candolle iti ''Chione glabra''.<ref name="ingchione">''Chione'' iti: Index Nominum Genericorum. iti: [[Regnum Vegetabile]]</ref> Nairaman itan dagitoy iti ''Chione venosa'' var. ''venosa'' ngem segun ti [[International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants|ICN]], ''Chione glabra'' daytoy ket mangitalinaay ti kasasaadna a kas kita.<ref name="Taylor2003" /> Adda dagiti sumagmamano a mannurat a nangikeddeng kadagiti ad-adu ngem a 15 [[sebbangan]] iti ''Chione'',<ref name="Mabberley2008">{{cite book|author=Mabberley DJ|year=2008|title=Mabberley's Plant Book|edition=3|publisher=Cambridge University Press|ISBN=978-0-521-82071-4}}</ref> ngem kadawyan a maysa laeng a sebbangan ti mabigbig, ti ''Chione venosa''.<ref name="WCSP">{{cite web|url=http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/qsearch.do?plantName=Chione|title=''Chione'' in the World Checklist of Rubiaceae|accessdate=1 Hunio 2014}}</ref> Idi 2003, dua a sebbangan ti naikkat manipud iti ''Chione'' ken naikabil iti baro a henero, ti ''[[Colleteria]]''.<ref name="Taylor2003">{{cite journal|author=Taylor DW|year=2003|title=''Colleteria'' (Rubiaceae), a new genus from the Caribbean|journal=Systematics and Geography of Plants|volume=73|issue=2|pages=199–208}}</ref> Ti nabati a sebbangan ti ''Chione'' ketnaipagtipon iti maysa a sebbangan, ti ''Chione venosa'', nga agraman kadagiti uppat a [[Karuay (botanika)|karuay]].<ref name="Taylor2003" /> Ti ''Chione'' ken ''Colleteria'' ket isu dagitoy ti kaikaisuna a henero iti [[Taksonomiko a ranggo|subpamilia]] ti [[Cinchonoideae]] ta saan pay a naikeddeng iti [[Tribu (biolohia)|tribu]]. Maikabildanto iti maysa a tribu, mabalin ngaiti maysa a baro, akalpasan ti ad-adu pay a morpolohiko a panagadal.<ref name="Manns2010">{{cite journal|author=Manns U, Bremer B|year=2010|title=Towards a better understanding of intertribal relationships and stable tribal delimitations within Cinchonoideae s.s. (Rubiaceae)|journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution|volume=56|pages=21–39|doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2010.04.002|pmid=20382247|issue=1}}</ref> === Dagiti kita === *''Chione venosa'' var. ''buxifolia'' <small>(Dwyer & M.V.Hayden) David W.Taylor</small> – [[Panamá]] *''Chione venosa'' var. ''cubensis'' <small>([[Achille Richard|A.Rich.]]) David W.Taylor</small> – [[Kuba]], [[Haiti]], [[Republika a Dominikano]] *''Chione venosa'' var. ''mexicana'' <small>([[Paul Carpenter Standley|Standl.]]) David W.Taylor</small> – [[Mehiko]] *''Chione venosa'' var. ''venosa'' – southern [[Mehiko]], [[Tengnga nga Amerika]], [[Republika a Dominikano]], [[Haiti]], [[Puerto Rico]], [[Trinidad]], [[Lesser Antilles]], [[Colombia]], [[Ecuador]], [[Perú]] == Dagiti nagibasaran == {{Reflist}} == Dagiti akinruar a silpo == *[http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/qsearch.do?plantName=Chione ''Chione'' iti World Checklist of Rubiaceae] *[http://www.botanicus.org/page/152607 ''Chione''] Iti [http://www.botanicus.org/title/b11905840 Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis] iti [http://www.botanicus.org/ Botanicus] {{Webarchive|url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20091211004729/http://www.botanicus.org/ |date=2009-12-11 }} * [http://www.ipni.org/ipni/advPlantNameSearch.do?find_family=&find_genus=Chione&find_species=&find_infrafamily=&find_infragenus=&find_infraspecies=&find_authorAbbrev=&find_includePublicationAuthors=on&find_includePublicationAuthors=off&find_includeBasionymAuthors=on&find_includeBasionymAuthors=off&find_publicationTitle=&find_isAPNIRecord=on&find_isAPNIRecord=false&find_isGCIRecord=on&find_isGCIRecord=false&find_isIKRecord=on&find_isIKRecord=false&find_rankToReturn=all&output_format=normal&find_sortByFamily=on&find_sortByFamily=off&query_type=by_query&back_page=plantsearch ''Chione''] iti [http://www.ipni.org/ IPNI] * [http://www.botany.si.edu/ing/INGsearch.cfm?searchword=Chione ''Chione''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202011448/http://botany.si.edu/ing/INGsearch.cfm?searchword=Chione |date=2017-02-02 }} iti [http://www.botany.si.edu/ing/ Index Nominum Genericorum] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181116211833/http://botany.si.edu/ing/ |date=2018-11-16 }} At [http://www.mnh.si.edu/ Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160222183809/http://www.mnh.si.edu/ |date=2016-02-22 }} * [http://www.tropicos.org/Name/40007111 ''Chione'' iti Tropicos] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20121010203529/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?2477 ''Chione''] iti [https://web.archive.org/web/20041015103620/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/index.pl GRIN Taxonomy for Plants] * [https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/128406 ''Chione''] iti [https://www.uniprot.org/ UniProt] {{Taxonbar|from=Q15399277}} [[Kategoria:Hamelieae]] [[Kategoria:Flora ti Mehiko]] [[Kategoria:Flora ti Karibe]] [[Kategoria:Flora ti Tengnga nga Amerika]] [[Kategoria:Flora ti Colombia]] [[Kategoria:Flora ti Ecuador]] [[Kategoria:Flora ti Peru]] [[Kategoria:Flora ti Puerto Rico]] gq77zx8zsz9dzx8wliq2dftq0eiiv0b 0 68669 406081 406033 2026-07-06T03:42:30Z InternetArchiveBot 14943 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 406081 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Taxobox | name = ''Hillia'' | image = | image_caption = | regnum = [[Plantae]] | unranked_divisio = [[Angiospermae]] | unranked_classis = [[Eudicotidae]] | unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]] | ordo = [[Gentianales]] | familia = [[Rubiaceae]] | subfamilia = [[Cinchonoideae]] | tribus = | genus = '''''Hillia''''' | genus_authority = [[Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin|Jacquin]] | type_species = ''[[Hillia parasitica]]'' | type_species_authority = Jacquin | subdivision_ranks = [[Sebbangan]] | subdivision = 24 a sebbangan, kitaen ti teksto | synonyms = ''Ravnia'' <small>[[Anders Sandøe Ørsted (botaniko)|Oersted]]</small> }} Ti '''''Hillia''''' ket ti [[henero (biolohia)|henero]] dagiti [[agsabsabong a mula]] iti [[Pamilia (biolohia)|pamilia]] ti [[Rubiaceae]]. Daytoy ket addaan kadagiti 24 a [[sebbangan]].<ref name="kewhillia">''Hillia'' iti: World Checklist of Rubiaceae At: Kew Gardens Website. (kitaen ti ''Dagiti akinruar a silpo'' dita baba).</ref> Amin ket indihenio iti [[tropikal]] a [[Kaamerikaan]].<ref name="mabberley2008">David J. Mabberley. 2008. ''Mabberley's Plant-Book'' third edition (2008). Cambridge University Press: UK. {{ISBN|978-0-521-82071-4}}</ref> Kaaduan dagiti sebbangan ket natubbog bassit nga [[epiphyte]] wenno dagiti bassit a [[kayo]]. Sumagmamano ket dagiti babassit a mula wenno [[liana]]. Ti ''Hillia rivalis'' ket maysa a [[rheophyte]]. Ti [[Kulanit (biolohia)|kulanit]] iti amin a sebbangan ket aglaon kadagiti [[raphide]]. Dagiti kapsula ket addaan kadagiti kasla sippit a parte.<ref name="taylor1994">Charlotte M. Taylor. 1994. "Revision of ''Hillia'' (Rubiaceae)". ''Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden'' '''81'''(4):571-609.</ref> Ti ''Hillia triflora'' ket maimuyongan a kas maysa nga[[Ornamental a mula|ornamental]].<ref name=rhs>Anthony J. Huxley, Mark Griffiths, and Margot Levy (editors). 1992. ''The New Royal Horticultural Society Dictionary of Gardening.'' The Macmillan Press Limited, London; The Stockton Press, New York. {{ISBN|978-0-333-47494-5}} (set)</ref> Ti ''Hillia'' ket [[Nagan a botaniko|ninaganan]] babaen ni [[Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin|Nicolaus Jacquin]] idi 1760.<ref name="ipnihillia">''Hillia'' iti International Plant Names Index. (kitaen ti ''Dagiti akinruar a silpo'' dita baba).</ref><ref name="jacquin1760">Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin. 1760. ''Enumeratio systematica plantarum, quas in insulis Caribaeis vicinaque Americes continente detexit nouas, aut iam cognitas emandauit'' pages 3 and 18. (kitaen ti ''Dagiti akinruar a silpo'' dita baba).</ref> Naipanagan daytoy ken ni Ingles a [[botaniko]] [[John Hill (author)|John Hill]] (1716–1775).<ref name="quattrocchiII">Umberto Quattrocchi. 2000. ''CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names'' volume II. CRC Press: Boca Raton; New York; Washington,DC;, USA. London, UK. {{ISBN|978-0-8493-2676-9}} (vol. II). (kitaen ti ''Dagiti akinruar a silpo'' dita baba).</ref> Ninaganan laeng ni Jacquin ti maysa a sebbangan, ti ''Hillia parasitica''. Naisingasingen a ti espesipiko nga epiteta ken ti pay kadawyan a nagan ket mabalin a mangireperensia ken ni John Hill.<ref name="taylor1994" /> Adda dagiti sumagmamano a mannurat a nangikabil kadagiti lima a sebbangan iti maysa a sabali a henero, ti ''Ravnia''. Ti maysa a kaldisto a panagusig ti mopolohiko a pannakailasin ket nabirukan a ti ''Ravnia'' ket naipenen iti kaunegan ti ''Hillia''.<ref name="taylor1994" /> Nasubokanen daytoy a hipotesis iti molekular a datos. Dagiti henero ti ''Hillia'', ''[[Balmea]]'', ken ''[[Cosmibuena]]'' ket mangbukel iti [[monopiletiko]] a [[Klado|grupo]]. Adda dagiti sumagmamano a mannurat a nangikeddeng daytoy a grupo a kas ti [[Tribu (biolohia)|tribu]] ti Hillieae, ngem mabalin a naipenpen iti kaunegan ti sabali a tribu, ti Hamelieae.<ref name="manns2010">Ulrika Manns and Birgitta Bremer. 2010. "Towards a better understanding of intertribal relationships and stable tribal delimitations within Cinchonoideae s.s. (Rubiaceae)". ''Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution'' '''56'''(1):21-39. {{DOI|10.1016/j.ympev.2010.04.002}}</ref> == Dagiti sebbangan == Dagiti sumaganad a listaan ti sebbangan ket mabalin a saan a kompleto wenno aglaon kadagiti [[Sinonimo (taksonomia)|sinonimo]]. {| border="0" | valign="top" | * ''[[Hillia macrophylla]]'' <small>[[Paul Carpenter Standley|Standley]]</small> * ''[[Hillia parasitica]]'' <small>[[Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin|Jacquin]]</small>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; | valign="top" | * ''[[Hillia rivalis]]'' <small>[[Charlotte M. Taylor|C.M. Taylor]]</small> * ''[[Hillia triflora]]'' <small>([[Anders Sandøe Ørsted (botaniko)|Oersted]]) C.M. Taylor</small> |} == Dagiti nagibasaran == {{Reflist}} == Dagiti akinruar a silpo == * [http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/qsearch.do?plantName=Hillia&page=quickSearch ''Hillia''] iti: [http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/prepareChecklist.do?checklist=rubiaceae%40%40025250120110104024 Search Page] iti: [https://web.archive.org/web/20110101130437/http://www.kew.org/science/directory/projects/WorldRubiChecklist.html World Checklist of Rubiaceae] iti: [https://web.archive.org/web/20110628230523/http://www.kew.org/science/directory/projects/indexbyteam.html#Rubi Index by Team] iti: [https://web.archive.org/web/20101231134226/http://www.kew.org/science/directory/projects/index.html Projects] iti: [https://web.archive.org/web/20110228134853/http://www.kew.org/science/directory/ Science Directory] iti: [http://www.kew.org/science-research-data/index.htm Scientific Research and Data] iti: [http://www.kew.org/ Kew Gardens] * [http://www.ipni.org/ipni/advPlantNameSearch.do;jsessionid=F52A5D7E6135020E8717F48325018CF4?find_family=&find_genus=Hillia+&find_species=&find_infrafamily=&find_infragenus=&find_infraspecies=&find_authorAbbrev=&find_includePublicationAuthors=on&find_includePublicationAuthors=off&find_includeBasionymAuthors=on&find_includeBasionymAuthors=off&find_publicationTitle=&find_isAPNIRecord=on&find_isAPNIRecord=false&find_isGCIRecord=on&find_isGCIRecord=false&find_isIKRecord=on&find_isIKRecord=false&find_rankToReturn=all&output_format=normal&find_sortByFamily=on&find_sortByFamily=off&query_type=by_query&back_page=plantsearch ''Hillia''] iti: [http://www.ipni.org/ipni/plantnamesearchpage.do Plant Names] iti: [http://www.ipni.org/ IPNI] * [http://www.botanicus.org/page/622920 ''Hillia'', page 3] ken [http://www.botanicus.org/page/622935 ''Hillia'', page 18] iti: [http://www.botanicus.org/title/b12738426 ''Enumeratio systematica plantarum''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200811220758/http://www.botanicus.org/title/b12738426 |date=2020-08-11 }} iti: [http://www.botanicus.org/browse/titles Titles] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200606171508/http://www.botanicus.org/browse/titles |date=2020-06-06 }} iti: [http://www.botanicus.org/ Botanicus] {{Webarchive|url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20091211004729/http://www.botanicus.org/ |date=2009-12-11 }} * [http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/9780849326769 CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names: D-L] iti: [http://www.crcpress.com/ecommerce_product/browse_book_categories.jsf?category=LIF02A Botany & Plant Science] iti: [http://www.crcpress.com/ecommerce_product/browse_book_categories.jsf?category=LIF Life Science] iti: [http://www.crcpress.com/ CRC Press] * [http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?5680 ''Hillia''] iti: [https://web.archive.org/web/20001217065800/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/gnlist.pl?975 List of Genera] iti: [http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/family.pl?975 Rubiaceae] iti: [https://web.archive.org/web/20000816163915/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/famlist.pl List of families] iti: [http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxfam.pl?language=en Families and Genera in GRIN] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130227004053/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxfam.pl?language=en |date=2013-02-27 }} iti: [http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/queries.pl?language=en Queries] iti: [https://web.archive.org/web/20041015103620/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/index.pl GRIN taxonomy for plants] * [https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/35908 ''Hillia''] iti: [https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/169630 Hillieae] iti: [https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/169619 Cinchonoideae] iti: [https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/24966 Rubiaceae] {{color|violetIn: ···}} [https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/3193 Embryophyta] iti: [https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/131221 Streptophytina] iti: [https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/35493 Streptophyta] iti: [https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/33090 Viridiplantae] iti: [https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/2759 Eudaryota] iti: [https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/ Taxonomy] iti: [https://www.uniprot.org/ UniProt] {{Taxonbar|from=Q5577582}} [[Kategoria:Hillieae]] per4cy5gzf5dwrl7ajf7sn23tl7xc6r 0 71329 406083 406034 2026-07-06T06:41:20Z InternetArchiveBot 14943 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 406083 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Taxobox | image = Starr 020925-0039 Kadua affinis.jpg | image_caption = ''[[Kadua affinis]]'' | regnum = [[Plantae]] | unranked_divisio = [[Angiospermae]] | unranked_classis = [[Eudicotidae]] | unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]] | ordo = [[Gentianales]] | familia = [[Rubiaceae]] | subfamilia = [[Rubioideae]] | tribus = [[Spermacoceae]] | genus = '''''Kadua''''' | genus_authority = [[Adelbert von Chamisso|Cham.]] & [[Diederich Franz Leonhard von Schlechtendal|Schltdl.]] | type_species = ''[[Kadua acuminata]]'' | type_species_authority = Cham. & Schltdl. | subdivision_ranks = [[Sebbangan]] | subdivision = ~ 29 a sebbangan, kitaen ti teksto }} Ti '''''Kadua''''' ket ti [[Henero (biolohia)|henero]] dagiti [[agsabsabong a mula]] iti [[Pamilia (biolohia)|pamilia]] ti [[Rubiaceae]]. Daytoy ket buklen dagiti 29 a [[sebbangan]],<ref name="kewkadua">''Kadua'' iti: World Checklist of Rubiaceae iti: Kew Gardens Website. (kitaen ti ''Dagiti akinruar a silpo'' dita baba).</ref> amin ket maigawid iti [[Polinesia]]. Duapulo ket dua kadagitoy ket [[Endemismo|endemiko]] iti [[Is-isla Hawaii]]. Sumagmamano kadagiti sebbangan ket kadawyan iti nangato nga elebasion. Dagiti dadduma ket maysa nga isla laeng nga endemiko wenno karkarna, ken adda bassit dagiti mabalin a [[Pannakaungaw|naungaw]]. Ti ''Kadua affinis'' ket adu a naiwarwaras iti Hawaii ken [[Polimorpismo (biolohia)|polimorpiko]].<ref name="mabberley2008">David J. Mabberley. 2008. [https://books.google.com/books?id=9RyKKHtwXUYC&pg=PA448 ''Mabberley's Plant-Book''] third edition (2008). Cambridge University Press: UK. {{ISBN|978-0-521-82071-4}} p. 448</ref> Ti [[sebbangan-kita]] para iti henero ket ti ''Kadua acuminata''.<ref name="ingkadua">''Kadua'' iti: Index Nominum Genericorum. iti: [[Regnum Vegetabile]] (kitaen ti ''Dagiti akinruar a silpo'' dita baba).</ref> Ti ''Kadua'' ket dati a nairaman iti nalawa a naipalawag ken [[polipiletiko]] a ''[[Hedyotis]]'', a nangbukel, a maipatinayon iti ''Kadua'', ti sebbangan a naikabil itan iti ''[[Oldenlandia]]'', ''[[Oldenlandiopsis]]'', ''[[Houstonia (mula)|Houstonia]]'', ken dagiti sabali pay a henero. Ti ''Hedyotis'' ket ak-akikid itan a naipalawag.<ref name="groeninckx2009">{{cite journal|last1=Groeninckx|first1=Inge|last2=Dessein|first2=Steven|last3=Ochoterena|first3=Helga|last4=Persson|first4=Claes|last5=Motley|first5=Timothy J.|last6=Kårehed|first6=Jesper|last7=Bremer|first7=Birgitta|last8=Huysmans|first8=Suzy|last9=Smets|first9=Erik|title=Phylogeny of the Herbaceous Tribe Spermacoceae (Rubiaceae) Based on Plastid DNA Data|journal=Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden|volume=96|pages=109–132|year=2009|doi=10.3417/2006201}}</ref> == Dagiti sebbangan == Iti sumaganad a listaan, ti ''Kadua haupuensis'' ket nainayon iti sebbangan nga inlista babaen ni Edward E. Terrell [[et alii]].<ref name="terrell2005">{{cite journal|last1=Terrell|first1=Edward E.|last2=Robinson|first2=Harold E.|last3=Wagner|first3=Warren L.|last4=Lorence|first4=David H.|title=Resurrection of Genus ''Kadua'' for Hawaiian Hedyotidinae (Rubiaceae), with Emphasis on Seed and Fruit Characters and Notes on South Pacific Species|journal=Systematic Botany|volume=30|pages=818|year=2005|doi=10.1600/036364405775097716|issue=4}}</ref> {| border="0" | valign="top" | * ''[[Kadua acuminata]]'' <small>Cham. & Schltdl.</small> * ''[[Kadua affinis]]'' <small>([[Asa Gray|A.Gray]]) W.L.Wagner & Lorence</small> * ''[[Kadua axillaris]]'' <small>([[Heinrich Wawra von Fernsee|Wawra]]) W.L.Wagner & Lorence</small> * ''[[Kadua centranthoides]]'' <small>[[William Jackson Hooker|Hook.]] & [[George Arnott Walker Arnott|Arn.]]</small> * ''[[Kadua cookiana]]'' <small>Cham. & Schltdl.</small> * ''[[Kadua cordata]]'' <small>Cham. & Schltdl.</small> * ''[[Kadua coriacea]]'' <small>([[James Edward Smith|Sm.]]) W.L.Wagner & Lorence</small> * ''[[Kadua degeneri]]'' <small>([[Francis Raymond Fosberg|Fosberg]]) W.L.Wagner & Lorence</small> * ''[[Kadua elatior]]'' <small>([[Horace Mann Jr.|H.Mann]]) W.L.Wagner & Lorence</small> * ''[[Kadua fluviatilis]]'' <small>[[Charles Noyes Forbes|C.N.Forbes]]</small> * ''[[Kadua flynnii]]'' <small>(W.L.Wagner & Lorence) W.L.Wagner & Lorence</small> * ''[[Kadua foggiana]]'' <small>(Fosberg) W.L.Wagner & Lorence</small> * ''[[Kadua foliosa]]'' <small>[[William Hillebrand|Hillebr.]]</small> * ''[[Kadua formosa]]'' <small>Hillebr.</small> * ''[[Kadua fosbergii]]'' <small>W.L.Wagner & D.R.Herbst</small> | valign="top" | * ''[[Kadua grantii]]'' <small>(Fosberg) W.L.Wagner & Lorence</small> * ''[[Kadua haupuensis]]'' <small>Lorence & W.L.Wagner</small> * ''[[Kadua knudsenii]]'' <small>Hillebr.</small> * ''[[Kadua laxiflora]]'' <small>H.Mann</small> * ''[[Kadua littoralis]]'' <small>Hillebr.</small> * ''[[Kadua lucei]]'' <small>(Lorence & [[Jacques Florence|J.Florence]]) W.L.Wagner & Lorence</small> * ''[[Kadua nukuhivensis]]'' <small>(J.Florence & Lorence) W.L.Wagner & Lorence</small> * ''[[Kadua parvula]]'' <small>A.Gray</small> * ''[[Kadua raiateensis]]'' <small>[[John William Moore (botanist)|J.W.Moore]] </small> * ''[[Kadua rapensis]]'' <small>[[Forest Buffen Harkness Brown|F.Br.]]</small> * ''[[Kadua romanzoffiensis]]'' <small>Cham. & Schltdl.</small> * ''[[Kadua st-johnii]]'' <small>([[Benjamin Clemens Stone|B.C.Stone]] & [[Irwin E. Lane|Lane]]) W.L.Wagner & Lorence</small> * ''[[Kadua tahuatensis]]'' <small> (Lorence & J.Florence) W.L.Wagner & Lorence</small> * ''[[Kadua tryblium]]'' <small> D.R.Herbst & W.L.Wagner </small> |} == Pakasaritaan == [[Papeles:Kadua fluviatilis (4765985711).jpg|thumb|Ti ''Kadua fluviatilis'', nga endemiko iti [[Is-isla Hawaii]], naisagmak, [[Oʻahu]] (Naimuyongan)]] Ti henero ti ''Kadua'' ket naitakder idi 1829 babaen da [[Adelbert von Chamisso]] ken [[Diederich von Schlechtendal]].<ref name="chamisso1829">Adelbert von Chamisso and Diederich von Schlechtendal. 1829. ''Linnaea'' '''4''':157. (kitaen ti ''Dagiti akinruar a silpo'' dita baba)</ref> [[Nagan a botaniko|Ninagananda]] daytoy para ken ni Kadu, ti maysa a patneng iti [[Ulea]], maysa kadagiti [[Is-isla ti Marshall]]. Ni Kadu ket maysa idi a gayyem ni von Chamisso ken nangited kadagiti napateg a tulong iti ekspedision idi 1815–1818 nga indauluan babaen ni [[Otto von Kotzebue]]. Ti kadawyan a nagan iti ''Kadua'' ket saan unay a naus-usaren idi maika-20 a siglo, gapu ta kaaduan dagiti mannurat ket ikeddengda a maysa a [[Sinonimo (taksonomia)|sinomimo]] ti ''Hedyotis''. Idi 1999, duapulo a sebbangan ti ''Kadua'' ket naipalawag a kas sebbangan ti ''Hedyotis'' iti maysa a [[Flora (pablaak|Flora]] ti Hawaii.<ref name="WHS1999">Warren L. Wagner, Derral R. Herbst, and Sy H. Sohmer. ''Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawaii'', Revised Edition, 1999. Bishop Museum Press: Hololulu, HI, USA.</ref> Naipalawag ti ''Kadua flynnii'' idi 1998,<ref name="wagner1998">Warren L. Wagner and David H. Lorence. 1998. [http://si-pddr.si.edu/dspace/bitstream/10088/7613/1/bot_Wagner_Lorence_1998_Hedyotis.pdf "A New, Dioecious Species of ''Hedyotis'' (Rubiaceae) from Kauaʻi, Hawaiian Islands, and the Taxonomy of Kauaʻi ''Hedyotis schlechtendahliana'' Resolved"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120312045845/http://si-pddr.si.edu/dspace/bitstream/10088/7613/1/bot_Wagner_Lorence_1998_Hedyotis.pdf |date=2012-03-12 }}. ''Novon'' '''8'''(3):311–317.</ref> and ''Kadua haupuensis'' in 2010.<ref name="lorence2010">David H. Lorence, Warren L. Wagner, and William G. Laidlaw. 2010. "''Kadua haupuensis'' (Rubiaceae: Spermacoceae), a new endemic species from Kauaʻi, Hawaiian Islands". ''Brittonia'' '''62'''(2):137-144. {{DOI|10.1007/s12228-009-9103-y}}</ref> Napaungar manen ti ''Kadua'' idi 2005.<ref name="terrell2005" /> Daytoy a [[Taksonomia (biolohia)|taksonomiko]] a panagbaliw ket tinunosan babaen dagiti [[molekular a pilohenetiko]] a panagadal ti [[Tribu (biolohia)|tribu]] ti [[Spermacoceae]] idi 2008 ken 2009.<ref name="groeninckx2009" /><ref name="karehed2008">{{cite journal|last1=Karehed|first1=J|last2=Groeninckx|first2=I|last3=Dessein|first3=S|last4=Motley|first4=T|last5=Bremer|first5=B|title=The phylogenetic utility of chloroplast and nuclear DNA markers and the phylogeny of the Rubiaceae tribe Spermacoceae|journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution|volume=49|pages=843–66|year=2008|doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2008.09.025|pmid=18950720|issue=3}}</ref> == Pilohenio == Ti sumaganad a [[pilohenetiko a kayo]] ket sangkapaset a naibatay iti [[pilohenetiko]] a panagusig kadagiti [[panagsasaruno ti DNA]],<ref name="karehed2008" /> ken sangkapaset a naala manipud iti [[Biolohiko a pannakaidasig|pannakaidasig]] a sinurot manipud iti maysa a papel idi 2005.<ref name="terrell2005" /> {{klado|style=font-size:100%;line-height:120% |label1='''Kadua''' |1={{klado |1={{klado |1=''Kadua tryblium'' |2={{klado |1=''Kadua affinis'' |2={{klado |1=''Kadua fosbergii'' |2=''Kadua axillaris'' }} }} }} |2={{klado |1={{klado |1=''Kadua acuminata'' |2=''Kadua fluviatilis'' }} |2={{klado |1={{klado |1={{klado |1=''Kadua rapensis'' |2=''Kadua coriacea'' }} |2={{klado |1=''Kadua formosa'' |2={{klado |1=''Kadua knudsenii'' |2=''Kadua foggiana'' |3=''Kadua centranthoides'' }} }} }} |2={{klado |1=''Kadua parvula'' |2={{klado |1={{klado |1=''Kadua degeneri'' |2={{klado |1=''Kadua littoralis'' |2=''Kadua laxiflora'' }} }} |2={{klado |1=''Kadua cordata'' |2={{klado |1=''Kadua elatior'' |2={{klado |1=''Kadua flynnii'' |2=''Kadua haupuensis'' }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} == Dagiti nagibasaran == {{Reflist}} == Dagiti akinruar a silpo == {{Commonscat-inline}} * [http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/qsearch.do?plantName=Kadua&page=quickSearch ''Kadua''] iti: [http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/prepareChecklist.do?checklist=rubiaceae%40%40025250120110104024 Search Page] iti: [https://web.archive.org/web/20110101130437/http://www.kew.org/science/directory/projects/WorldRubiChecklist.html World Checklist of Rubiaceae] iti: [https://web.archive.org/web/20110628230523/http://www.kew.org/science/directory/projects/indexbyteam.html#Rubi#Rubi Index by Team] iti: [https://web.archive.org/web/20101231134226/http://www.kew.org/science/directory/projects/index.html Projects] iti: [https://web.archive.org/web/20110228134853/http://www.kew.org/science/directory/ Science Directory] iti: [https://web.archive.org/web/20120827233751/http://www.kew.org/science-research-data/index.htm Scientific Research and Data] iti: [http://www.kew.org/ Kew Gardens] * [http://www.botany.si.edu/ing/INGsearch.cfm?searchword=Kadua ''Kadua''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304051554/http://botany.si.edu/ing/INGsearch.cfm?searchword=Kadua |date=2016-03-04 }} iti: [http://www.botany.si.edu/ing/ Index Nominum Genericorum] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181116211833/http://botany.si.edu/ing/ |date=2018-11-16 }} iti: [http://www.botany.si.edu/index.htm?references Dagiti nagibasaran] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100927172741/http://botany.si.edu/index.htm?references |date=2010-09-27 }} iti: [http://www.botany.si.edu/index.htm NMNH Department of Botany] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101001045837/http://botany.si.edu/index.htm |date=2010-10-01 }} * [http://www.botanicus.org/page/95530 ''Kadua''] iti: [http://www.botanicus.org/item/31753002428347 ''Linnaea'', volume 4] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231125022835/http://www.botanicus.org/item/31753002428347 |date=2023-11-25 }} iti: [http://www.botanicus.org/title/b12461441 ''Linnaea''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120110223316/http://www.botanicus.org/title/b12461441 |date=2012-01-10 }} iti: [http://www.botanicus.org/browse/titles Titles] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200606171508/http://www.botanicus.org/browse/titles |date=2020-06-06 }} iti: [http://www.botanicus.org/ Botanicus] {{Webarchive|url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20091211004729/http://www.botanicus.org/ |date=2009-12-11 }} * [http://www.ipni.org/ipni/advPlantNameSearch.do;jsessionid=3380DB5128A1C891B56C95CD02955F7A?find_family=&find_genus=Kadua+&find_species=&find_infrafamily=&find_infragenus=&find_infraspecies=&find_authorAbbrev=&find_includePublicationAuthors=on&find_includePublicationAuthors=off&find_includeBasionymAuthors=on&find_includeBasionymAuthors=off&find_publicationTitle=&find_isAPNIRecord=on&find_isAPNIRecord=false&find_isGCIRecord=on&find_isGCIRecord=false&find_isIKRecord=on&find_isIKRecord=false&find_rankToReturn=all&output_format=normal&find_sortByFamily=on&find_sortByFamily=off&query_type=by_query&back_page=plantsearch ''Kadua''] iti: [http://www.ipni.org/ipni/plantnamesearchpage.do Plant Name Query] iti: [http://www.ipni.org/ IPNI] * [http://www.tropicos.org/Name/40034179 ''Kadua'' (exact)] iti: [http://www.tropicos.org/NameSearch.aspx Names] iti: [http://www.tropicos.org/ Tropicos] iti: [http://www.mobot.org/plantscience/default.asp Science and Conservation] iti: [http://www.mobot.org/ Missouri Botanical Garden] * [http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?15002 ''Kadua''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121009071157/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?15002 |date=2012-10-09 }} iti: [https://web.archive.org/web/20001217065800/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/gnlist.pl?975 List of Genera] iti: [http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/family.pl?975 Rubiaceae] iti: [https://web.archive.org/web/20000816163915/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/famlist.pl List of families] iti: [http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxfam.pl?language=en Families and Genera in GRIN] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130227004053/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxfam.pl?language=en |date=2013-02-27 }} iti: [http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/queries.pl?language=en Queries] iti: [https://web.archive.org/web/20041015103620/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/index.pl GRIN taxonomy for plants] * [https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/417173 ''Kadua''] iti: [https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/169663 Spermacoceae] iti: [https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/169617 Rubioideae] iti: [https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/24966 Rubiaceae] iti: [https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/3193 Embryophyta] iti: [https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/131221 Streptophytina] iti: [https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/35493 Streptophyta] iti: [https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/33090 Viridiplantae] iti: [https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/2759 Eudaryota] iti: [https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/ Taxonomy] iti: [https://www.uniprot.org/ UniProt] * [http://www2.bishopmuseum.org/ethnobotanydb/resultsdetailed.asp?search=manono ''Hedyotis''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070702123400/http://www2.bishopmuseum.org/ethnobotanydb/resultsdetailed.asp?search=manono |date=2007-07-02 }} iti: [http://www2.bishopmuseum.org/ethnobotanydb/resultslatin.asp?button=List+by+Species+Name List by Species Name]{{Natay a silpo|date=September 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} iti: [http://www2.bishopmuseum.org/ethnobotanydb/index.asp Hawaiian Ethnobotany Online Database] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200224123529/http://www2.bishopmuseum.org/ethnobotanydb/index.asp |date=2020-02-24 }} iti: [https://web.archive.org/web/20101031072044/http://bishopmuseum.org//research/onlinedata.html Searchable Databases] iti: [http://www.bishopmuseum.org/ Bishop Museum] * [http://ntbg.org/plants/plant_details.php?plantid=12016 ''Kadua littoralis''] iti: [https://web.archive.org/web/20101126200020/http://ntbg.org/plants/choose_a_plant.php Choose a Plant] iti: [https://web.archive.org/web/20101126184508/https://ntbg.org/plants/ Meet the Plants] iti: [http://ntbg.org/index.php National Tropical Botanical Garden] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170606043320/http://ntbg.org/index.php |date=2017-06-06 }} * [http://www.hear.org/starr/images/species/?q=kadua+affinis&o=plants ''Kadua affinis''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121020171409/http://www.hear.org/starr/images/species/?q=kadua+affinis&o=plants |date=2012-10-20 }} iti: [http://www.hear.org/starr/images/family/?q=rubiaceae&o=plants Rubiaceae] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121020210916/http://www.hear.org/starr/images/family/?q=rubiaceae&o=plants |date=2012-10-20 }} iti: [http://www.hear.org/starr/images/?o=plants Plants of Hawaii] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121115033739/http://www.hear.org/starr/images/?o=plants |date=2012-11-15 }} iti: [http://www.hear.org/hearpix/otheronlineimages.htm Images] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200225024851/http://www.hear.org/hearpix/otheronlineimages.htm |date=2020-02-25 }} iti: [http://www.hear.org/ Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210221021637/http://www.hear.org/ |date=2021-02-21 }} {{Taxonbar|from=Q10290745}} [[Kategoria:Kadua| ]] [[Kategoria:Flora ti Pasipiko]] 3mdwjcob8uz0qk2ovgh5swmor8ec09i 0 71444 406084 406035 2026-07-06T07:41:32Z InternetArchiveBot 14943 Rescuing 4 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 406084 wikitext text/x-wiki {{taxobox | image = | image_caption = | regnum = [[Plantae]] | unranked_divisio = [[Angiospermae]] | unranked_classis = [[Eudicotidae]] | unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]] | ordo = [[Gentianales]] | familia = [[Rubiaceae]] | subfamilia = [[Rubioideae]] | tribus = [[Spermacoceae]] | genus = '''''Kohautia''''' | genus_authority = [[Adelbert von Chamisso|Chamisso]] & [[Diederich von Schlechtendal|Schlechtendal]] | type_species = ''[[Kohautia senegalensis]]'' | type_species_authority = [[Adelbert von Chamisso|Chamisso]] & [[Diederich von Schlechtendal|Schlechtendal]] | subdivision_ranks = Sebbangan | subdivision = 31 a sebbangan (kitaen ti teksto) }} Ti '''''Kohautia''''' ket ti [[Henero (biolohia)|henero]] dagiti [[agsabsabong a mula]] iti [[Pamilia (biolohia)|pamilia]] ti [[Rubiaceae]]. Dagitoy ket patneng iti [[tropikal]] a luglugar ti [[Asia]], [[Aprika]], ken [[Madagascar]].<ref name="mabberley2008">David J. Mabberley. 2008. ''Mabberley's Plant-Book'' third edition (2008). Cambridge University Press: UK. {{ISBN|978-0-521-82071-4}}</ref><ref name="groeninckx2009">Inge Groeninckx, Steven Dessein, Helga Ochoterena, Claes Persson, Timothy J. Motley, Jesper Kårehed, Birgitta Bremer, Suzy Huysmans, and Erik Smets. 2009. "Phylogeny of the herbaceous tribe Spermacoceae (Rubiaceae) based on plastid DNA data". ''Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden'' '''96'''(1):109-132.</ref> Adda dagiti ammo a tallopulo ket maysa a [[sebbangan]].<ref name="groeninckx2009" /> Ti [[sebbangan-kita]] para iti henero ket ti ''[[Kohautia senegalensis]]''.<ref name="ingkohautia">''Kohautia'' In: Index Nominum Genericorum. In: [[Regnum Vegetabile]] (kitaen ti ''Dagiti akinruar a silpo'' dita baba).</ref> Ti ''Kohautia'' ket [[Nagan a botaniko|ninaganan]] babaen da [[Adelbert von Chamisso]] ken [[Diederich von Schlechtendal]] idi 1829.<ref name="chamisso1829">Adelbert von Chamisso and Diederich von Schlechtendal. 1829. ''Linnaea'' '''4''':157. (kitaen ti ''Dagiti akinruar a silpo'' dita baba)</ref> Daytoy a kadawyan a nagan ket pammadayaw ken ni [[Franz Kohaut]] (d. 1822), ti maysa a manggurnong iti mula a nagtrabaho iti [[Laud nga Aprika]] para ken ni [[botaniko]] [[Franz Sieber]] (1789–1844).<ref name="quattrocchi2000">Umberto Quattrocchi. 2000. ''CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names'' volume II. CRC Press: Boca Raton; New York; Washington,DC;, USA. London, UK. {{ISBN|978-0-8493-2676-9}}.</ref> Ti ''Kohautia'' is [[polipili|dipiletiko]] a buklen dagiti dua a [[klado]] a saan nga agkakabsat a takson. Ti klado nga aglaon iti sebbangan-kita ket kabagian ti ''[[Pentanopsis]]''. Ti sabali a klado ket buklen dagiti [[Seksion (botanika)|seksion]] ti ''Kohautia''.Daytoy ket kabsat ti ''[[Oldenlandia]]'' ken managananto iti baro a henero.<ref name="karehed2008">Jesper Kårehed, Inge Groeninckx, Steven Dessein, Timothy J. Motley, and Birgitta Bremer. 2008. "The phylogenetic utility of chloroplast and nuclear DNA markers and the phylogeny of the Rubiaceae tribe Spermacoceae". ''Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution'' '''49'''(3):843-866. {{DOI|10.1016/j.ympev.2008.09.025}}</ref> == Dagiti sebbangan == * ''[[Kohautia socotrana]]'' [[Cornelis Eliza Bertus Bremekamp|Bremekamp]] * ''[[Kohautia senegalensis]]'' [[Adelbert von Chamisso|Chamisso]] & [[Diederich von Schlechtendal|Schlechtendal]] == Dagiti nagibasaran == {{Reflist}} == Dagiti akinruar a silpo == * [http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/qsearch.do?plantName=Kohautia&page=quickSearch ''Kohautia''] iti: [http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/prepareChecklist.do?checklist=rubiaceae%40%40025250120110104024 Search Page] iti: [https://web.archive.org/web/20110101130437/http://www.kew.org/science/directory/projects/WorldRubiChecklist.html World Checklist of Rubiaceae] iti: [https://web.archive.org/web/20110628230523/http://www.kew.org/science/directory/projects/indexbyteam.html#Rubi#Rubi Index by Team] iti: [https://web.archive.org/web/20101231134226/http://www.kew.org/science/directory/projects/index.html Projects] iti: [https://web.archive.org/web/20110228134853/http://www.kew.org/science/directory/ Science Directory] iti: [https://web.archive.org/web/20120827233751/http://www.kew.org/science-research-data/index.htm Scientific Research and Data] iti: [http://www.kew.org/ Kew Gardens] * [http://www.botany.si.edu/ing/INGsearch.cfm?searchword=Kohautia ''Kohautia'']{{Natay a silpo|date=March 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} iti:[http://www.botany.si.edu/ing/ Index Nominum Genericorum] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181116211833/http://botany.si.edu/ing/ |date=2018-11-16 }} iti: [http://www.botany.si.edu/index.htm?references Dagiti nagibasaran] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100927172741/http://botany.si.edu/index.htm?references |date=2010-09-27 }} iti: [http://www.botany.si.edu/index.htm NMNH Department of Botany] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101001045837/http://botany.si.edu/index.htm |date=2010-10-01 }} * [http://www.botanicus.org/page/95529 ''Kohautia''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303200811/http://www.botanicus.org/page/95529 |date=2016-03-03 }} In: [http://www.botanicus.org/item/31753002428347 ''Linnaea'', volume 4] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231125022835/http://www.botanicus.org/item/31753002428347 |date=2023-11-25 }} iti: [http://www.botanicus.org/title/b12461441 ''Linnaea''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120110223316/http://www.botanicus.org/title/b12461441 |date=2012-01-10 }} iti: [http://www.botanicus.org/browse/titles Titles] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200606171508/http://www.botanicus.org/browse/titles |date=2020-06-06 }} iti: [http://www.botanicus.org/ Botanicus] {{Webarchive|url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20091211004729/http://www.botanicus.org/ |date=2009-12-11 }} {{Taxonbar|from=Q3595377}} [[Kategoria:Kohautia| ]] 2a4m38z8yci1ctk0tm63dzlgboj421r