Wikimedia Incubator incubatorwiki https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:Main_Page MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.11 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Incubator Incubator talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Translations Translations talk Event Event talk 4 2388 7255911 7253470 2026-07-19T22:16:05Z Omphalographer 2589203 /* Two policy proposals */ new section 7255911 wikitext text/x-wiki __NEWSECTIONLINK__ <div style="text-align: center;">Note: Cross-wiki mass messages are posted to [[Incubator:Wikimedia news]]</div> :''<small>[[#toc|Jump to Table of Contents]]</small>'' {{Incubator:Community Portal/template}} {{Autoarchive resolved section | age = 3 | archive = 'Incubator:Community Portal/Archive/((year)) | show = yes | timeout = 31 }} __TOC__ == What's the certain minimum activity level required to get a wikipedia language edition approved == Currently there are some work going on in the [[Wp/mrg]], I would like to know some more info about the requirements and suggestion on how to make the project successful. Thanks -- [[User:Abhinab Pegu|Abhinab Pegu]] ([[User talk:Abhinab Pegu|talk]]) 13:43, 21 June 2026 (UTC) :While Incubator hosts these projects and allows for some level of coordination, ultimately, decisions about a new wiki being approved are the [[:m:Language committee|language committee]], who have a [[:m:Requests for new languages|requests process]]. If you think that mrg.wp is mature enough and conforms to the [[:m:Language proposal policy|proposal policy]], then you can propose that it graduates from Incubator. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (<span style="color:grey">ko'''a'''<span style="color:black">v</span>f</span>)]]<span style="color:red">❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯</span> 14:45, 21 June 2026 (UTC) == Restarted Wikipedias == I have restarted The Nauruan and Cree (Moose Cree) Wikipedias but i dont speak it so please if someone can atleast speak some basic versions of those languages can they please help. And i am going to do daily checks so that i should be able to catch vandals [[User:Icantthinkofausername12345|Icantthinkofausername12345]] ([[User talk:Icantthinkofausername12345|talk]]) 15:56, 25 June 2026 (UTC) :If you don't speak those languages, don't restart those Wikipedias. It's literally the first thing written in the [[Help:Manual|manual]]. [[User:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[User talk:Amire80|talk]]) 06:00, 26 June 2026 (UTC) ::Oh ive not read that [[User:Icantthinkofausername12345|Icantthinkofausername12345]] ([[User talk:Icantthinkofausername12345|talk]]) 13:07, 26 June 2026 (UTC) == July 2026 Wikimedia Café meetups regarding Wikimedia governance and options for reform == <div class="border-box" style="background-color: var(--background-color-warning-subtle, #f8eaba); max-width: 875px; padding: 5px; border: 1px solid black; margin: 5px; color: var(--clr-dark)"> <div class="box" style="float:left; padding-top: 10px; padding-right: 10px; padding-left: 10px; padding-bottom: 10px;">[[File:Wikimedia Café logo in plain SVG format.svg|60px|alt=The logo for the Wikimedia Café]]</div> Hello! There will be two '''[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Caf%C3%A9 Wikimedia Café]''' discussion opportunities in July. Both sessions will focus on Wikimedia governance, including possible follow-ups to the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Movement_Charter Movement Charter] and options for reform. Participants may attend either or both Café sessions. This month, to deconflict the Café meetups from Wikimania, the meetups will be held one day later than usual. #'''26 July 2026 15:00 UTC''' ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1785078000 timestamp converter]), at a time friendly to the Americas, Africa, and Europe #'''27 July 2026 03:00 UTC''' ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1785121200 timestamp converter]), at a time friendly to Asia and the Pacific Please see the Café page for more information, including [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Caf%C3%A9#How_to_attend_the_session how to register]! <br /> [[File:Buntstifte Eberhard Faber crop 64h.jpg|860px|alt=cropped image of colored pencils]]</div> [[User:Pine|Pine]] ([[User talk:Pine|talk]]) 03:42, 13 July 2026 (UTC) == Two policy proposals == First, a small one: should [[Incubator:Policy]] be updated to remove Wikinews from the list of hosted projects, or to indicate that ? Second, a larger one: should there be an explicit policy which prohibits the use of any generative AI on Incubator projects? Language models are very unlikely to generate meaningful content in minority languages, and AI-generated images should generally not be needed on sites in the Incubator. ([[Incubator:Policy#Nomenclature]] already prohibits the use of machine translation, and generative AI seems like an even more extreme case of the same.) Standard exceptions apply for articles about generative AI itself, e.g. AI-generated images may be used as examples of AI-generated images. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|talk]]) 22:16, 19 July 2026 (UTC) ebm43hte9xcfh1izw05zgf1jogkycgn 7255912 7255911 2026-07-19T22:16:31Z Omphalographer 2589203 /* Two policy proposals */ oops 7255912 wikitext text/x-wiki __NEWSECTIONLINK__ <div style="text-align: center;">Note: Cross-wiki mass messages are posted to [[Incubator:Wikimedia news]]</div> :''<small>[[#toc|Jump to Table of Contents]]</small>'' {{Incubator:Community Portal/template}} {{Autoarchive resolved section | age = 3 | archive = 'Incubator:Community Portal/Archive/((year)) | show = yes | timeout = 31 }} __TOC__ == What's the certain minimum activity level required to get a wikipedia language edition approved == Currently there are some work going on in the [[Wp/mrg]], I would like to know some more info about the requirements and suggestion on how to make the project successful. Thanks -- [[User:Abhinab Pegu|Abhinab Pegu]] ([[User talk:Abhinab Pegu|talk]]) 13:43, 21 June 2026 (UTC) :While Incubator hosts these projects and allows for some level of coordination, ultimately, decisions about a new wiki being approved are the [[:m:Language committee|language committee]], who have a [[:m:Requests for new languages|requests process]]. If you think that mrg.wp is mature enough and conforms to the [[:m:Language proposal policy|proposal policy]], then you can propose that it graduates from Incubator. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (<span style="color:grey">ko'''a'''<span style="color:black">v</span>f</span>)]]<span style="color:red">❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯</span> 14:45, 21 June 2026 (UTC) == Restarted Wikipedias == I have restarted The Nauruan and Cree (Moose Cree) Wikipedias but i dont speak it so please if someone can atleast speak some basic versions of those languages can they please help. And i am going to do daily checks so that i should be able to catch vandals [[User:Icantthinkofausername12345|Icantthinkofausername12345]] ([[User talk:Icantthinkofausername12345|talk]]) 15:56, 25 June 2026 (UTC) :If you don't speak those languages, don't restart those Wikipedias. It's literally the first thing written in the [[Help:Manual|manual]]. [[User:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[User talk:Amire80|talk]]) 06:00, 26 June 2026 (UTC) ::Oh ive not read that [[User:Icantthinkofausername12345|Icantthinkofausername12345]] ([[User talk:Icantthinkofausername12345|talk]]) 13:07, 26 June 2026 (UTC) == July 2026 Wikimedia Café meetups regarding Wikimedia governance and options for reform == <div class="border-box" style="background-color: var(--background-color-warning-subtle, #f8eaba); max-width: 875px; padding: 5px; border: 1px solid black; margin: 5px; color: var(--clr-dark)"> <div class="box" style="float:left; padding-top: 10px; padding-right: 10px; padding-left: 10px; padding-bottom: 10px;">[[File:Wikimedia Café logo in plain SVG format.svg|60px|alt=The logo for the Wikimedia Café]]</div> Hello! There will be two '''[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Caf%C3%A9 Wikimedia Café]''' discussion opportunities in July. Both sessions will focus on Wikimedia governance, including possible follow-ups to the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Movement_Charter Movement Charter] and options for reform. Participants may attend either or both Café sessions. This month, to deconflict the Café meetups from Wikimania, the meetups will be held one day later than usual. #'''26 July 2026 15:00 UTC''' ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1785078000 timestamp converter]), at a time friendly to the Americas, Africa, and Europe #'''27 July 2026 03:00 UTC''' ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1785121200 timestamp converter]), at a time friendly to Asia and the Pacific Please see the Café page for more information, including [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Caf%C3%A9#How_to_attend_the_session how to register]! <br /> [[File:Buntstifte Eberhard Faber crop 64h.jpg|860px|alt=cropped image of colored pencils]]</div> [[User:Pine|Pine]] ([[User talk:Pine|talk]]) 03:42, 13 July 2026 (UTC) == Two policy proposals == First, a small one: should [[Incubator:Policy]] be updated to remove Wikinews from the list of hosted projects, and/or to indicate that existing projects have been locked? Second, a larger one: should there be an explicit policy which prohibits the use of any generative AI on Incubator projects? Language models are very unlikely to generate meaningful content in minority languages, and AI-generated images should generally not be needed on sites in the Incubator. ([[Incubator:Policy#Nomenclature]] already prohibits the use of machine translation, and generative AI seems like an even more extreme case of the same.) Standard exceptions apply for articles about generative AI itself, e.g. AI-generated images may be used as examples of AI-generated images. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|talk]]) 22:16, 19 July 2026 (UTC) ps54bkko9r0wvs9m1bhksmwvuziolrx 7255950 7255912 2026-07-20T00:04:47Z Koavf 100 /* Two policy proposals */ Reply 7255950 wikitext text/x-wiki __NEWSECTIONLINK__ <div style="text-align: center;">Note: Cross-wiki mass messages are posted to [[Incubator:Wikimedia news]]</div> :''<small>[[#toc|Jump to Table of Contents]]</small>'' {{Incubator:Community Portal/template}} {{Autoarchive resolved section | age = 3 | archive = 'Incubator:Community Portal/Archive/((year)) | show = yes | timeout = 31 }} __TOC__ == What's the certain minimum activity level required to get a wikipedia language edition approved == Currently there are some work going on in the [[Wp/mrg]], I would like to know some more info about the requirements and suggestion on how to make the project successful. Thanks -- [[User:Abhinab Pegu|Abhinab Pegu]] ([[User talk:Abhinab Pegu|talk]]) 13:43, 21 June 2026 (UTC) :While Incubator hosts these projects and allows for some level of coordination, ultimately, decisions about a new wiki being approved are the [[:m:Language committee|language committee]], who have a [[:m:Requests for new languages|requests process]]. If you think that mrg.wp is mature enough and conforms to the [[:m:Language proposal policy|proposal policy]], then you can propose that it graduates from Incubator. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (<span style="color:grey">ko'''a'''<span style="color:black">v</span>f</span>)]]<span style="color:red">❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯</span> 14:45, 21 June 2026 (UTC) == Restarted Wikipedias == I have restarted The Nauruan and Cree (Moose Cree) Wikipedias but i dont speak it so please if someone can atleast speak some basic versions of those languages can they please help. And i am going to do daily checks so that i should be able to catch vandals [[User:Icantthinkofausername12345|Icantthinkofausername12345]] ([[User talk:Icantthinkofausername12345|talk]]) 15:56, 25 June 2026 (UTC) :If you don't speak those languages, don't restart those Wikipedias. It's literally the first thing written in the [[Help:Manual|manual]]. [[User:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[User talk:Amire80|talk]]) 06:00, 26 June 2026 (UTC) ::Oh ive not read that [[User:Icantthinkofausername12345|Icantthinkofausername12345]] ([[User talk:Icantthinkofausername12345|talk]]) 13:07, 26 June 2026 (UTC) == July 2026 Wikimedia Café meetups regarding Wikimedia governance and options for reform == <div class="border-box" style="background-color: var(--background-color-warning-subtle, #f8eaba); max-width: 875px; padding: 5px; border: 1px solid black; margin: 5px; color: var(--clr-dark)"> <div class="box" style="float:left; padding-top: 10px; padding-right: 10px; padding-left: 10px; padding-bottom: 10px;">[[File:Wikimedia Café logo in plain SVG format.svg|60px|alt=The logo for the Wikimedia Café]]</div> Hello! There will be two '''[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Caf%C3%A9 Wikimedia Café]''' discussion opportunities in July. Both sessions will focus on Wikimedia governance, including possible follow-ups to the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Movement_Charter Movement Charter] and options for reform. Participants may attend either or both Café sessions. This month, to deconflict the Café meetups from Wikimania, the meetups will be held one day later than usual. #'''26 July 2026 15:00 UTC''' ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1785078000 timestamp converter]), at a time friendly to the Americas, Africa, and Europe #'''27 July 2026 03:00 UTC''' ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1785121200 timestamp converter]), at a time friendly to Asia and the Pacific Please see the Café page for more information, including [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Caf%C3%A9#How_to_attend_the_session how to register]! <br /> [[File:Buntstifte Eberhard Faber crop 64h.jpg|860px|alt=cropped image of colored pencils]]</div> [[User:Pine|Pine]] ([[User talk:Pine|talk]]) 03:42, 13 July 2026 (UTC) == Two policy proposals == First, a small one: should [[Incubator:Policy]] be updated to remove Wikinews from the list of hosted projects, and/or to indicate that existing projects have been locked? Second, a larger one: should there be an explicit policy which prohibits the use of any generative AI on Incubator projects? Language models are very unlikely to generate meaningful content in minority languages, and AI-generated images should generally not be needed on sites in the Incubator. ([[Incubator:Policy#Nomenclature]] already prohibits the use of machine translation, and generative AI seems like an even more extreme case of the same.) Standard exceptions apply for articles about generative AI itself, e.g. AI-generated images may be used as examples of AI-generated images. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|talk]]) 22:16, 19 July 2026 (UTC) :Re: #1, I [https://incubator.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Incubator%3APolicy&diff=7255949&oldid=6772598 boldly edited] per your comment. Thanks for noticing. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (<span style="color:grey">ko'''a'''<span style="color:black">v</span>f</span>)]]<span style="color:red">❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯</span> 00:04, 20 July 2026 (UTC) 9eekw1hgt829tv7sohvz2x1444r17gb 7255953 7255950 2026-07-20T00:05:12Z Koavf 100 /* Two policy proposals */ Reply 7255953 wikitext text/x-wiki __NEWSECTIONLINK__ <div style="text-align: center;">Note: Cross-wiki mass messages are posted to [[Incubator:Wikimedia news]]</div> :''<small>[[#toc|Jump to Table of Contents]]</small>'' {{Incubator:Community Portal/template}} {{Autoarchive resolved section | age = 3 | archive = 'Incubator:Community Portal/Archive/((year)) | show = yes | timeout = 31 }} __TOC__ == What's the certain minimum activity level required to get a wikipedia language edition approved == Currently there are some work going on in the [[Wp/mrg]], I would like to know some more info about the requirements and suggestion on how to make the project successful. Thanks -- [[User:Abhinab Pegu|Abhinab Pegu]] ([[User talk:Abhinab Pegu|talk]]) 13:43, 21 June 2026 (UTC) :While Incubator hosts these projects and allows for some level of coordination, ultimately, decisions about a new wiki being approved are the [[:m:Language committee|language committee]], who have a [[:m:Requests for new languages|requests process]]. If you think that mrg.wp is mature enough and conforms to the [[:m:Language proposal policy|proposal policy]], then you can propose that it graduates from Incubator. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (<span style="color:grey">ko'''a'''<span style="color:black">v</span>f</span>)]]<span style="color:red">❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯</span> 14:45, 21 June 2026 (UTC) == Restarted Wikipedias == I have restarted The Nauruan and Cree (Moose Cree) Wikipedias but i dont speak it so please if someone can atleast speak some basic versions of those languages can they please help. And i am going to do daily checks so that i should be able to catch vandals [[User:Icantthinkofausername12345|Icantthinkofausername12345]] ([[User talk:Icantthinkofausername12345|talk]]) 15:56, 25 June 2026 (UTC) :If you don't speak those languages, don't restart those Wikipedias. It's literally the first thing written in the [[Help:Manual|manual]]. [[User:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[User talk:Amire80|talk]]) 06:00, 26 June 2026 (UTC) ::Oh ive not read that [[User:Icantthinkofausername12345|Icantthinkofausername12345]] ([[User talk:Icantthinkofausername12345|talk]]) 13:07, 26 June 2026 (UTC) == July 2026 Wikimedia Café meetups regarding Wikimedia governance and options for reform == <div class="border-box" style="background-color: var(--background-color-warning-subtle, #f8eaba); max-width: 875px; padding: 5px; border: 1px solid black; margin: 5px; color: var(--clr-dark)"> <div class="box" style="float:left; padding-top: 10px; padding-right: 10px; padding-left: 10px; padding-bottom: 10px;">[[File:Wikimedia Café logo in plain SVG format.svg|60px|alt=The logo for the Wikimedia Café]]</div> Hello! There will be two '''[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Caf%C3%A9 Wikimedia Café]''' discussion opportunities in July. Both sessions will focus on Wikimedia governance, including possible follow-ups to the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Movement_Charter Movement Charter] and options for reform. Participants may attend either or both Café sessions. This month, to deconflict the Café meetups from Wikimania, the meetups will be held one day later than usual. #'''26 July 2026 15:00 UTC''' ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1785078000 timestamp converter]), at a time friendly to the Americas, Africa, and Europe #'''27 July 2026 03:00 UTC''' ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1785121200 timestamp converter]), at a time friendly to Asia and the Pacific Please see the Café page for more information, including [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Caf%C3%A9#How_to_attend_the_session how to register]! <br /> [[File:Buntstifte Eberhard Faber crop 64h.jpg|860px|alt=cropped image of colored pencils]]</div> [[User:Pine|Pine]] ([[User talk:Pine|talk]]) 03:42, 13 July 2026 (UTC) == Two policy proposals == First, a small one: should [[Incubator:Policy]] be updated to remove Wikinews from the list of hosted projects, and/or to indicate that existing projects have been locked? Second, a larger one: should there be an explicit policy which prohibits the use of any generative AI on Incubator projects? Language models are very unlikely to generate meaningful content in minority languages, and AI-generated images should generally not be needed on sites in the Incubator. ([[Incubator:Policy#Nomenclature]] already prohibits the use of machine translation, and generative AI seems like an even more extreme case of the same.) Standard exceptions apply for articles about generative AI itself, e.g. AI-generated images may be used as examples of AI-generated images. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|talk]]) 22:16, 19 July 2026 (UTC) :Re: #1, I [https://incubator.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Incubator%3APolicy&diff=7255949&oldid=6772598 boldly edited] per your comment. Thanks for noticing. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (<span style="color:grey">ko'''a'''<span style="color:black">v</span>f</span>)]]<span style="color:red">❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯</span> 00:04, 20 July 2026 (UTC) :Re: #2, I {{support}}. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (<span style="color:grey">ko'''a'''<span style="color:black">v</span>f</span>)]]<span style="color:red">❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯</span> 00:05, 20 July 2026 (UTC) 8ygu6urxly1nj9t3150zmlz1i0w2hl2 7255971 7255953 2026-07-20T00:59:53Z Omphalographer 2589203 /* Two policy proposals */ Reply 7255971 wikitext text/x-wiki __NEWSECTIONLINK__ <div style="text-align: center;">Note: Cross-wiki mass messages are posted to [[Incubator:Wikimedia news]]</div> :''<small>[[#toc|Jump to Table of Contents]]</small>'' {{Incubator:Community Portal/template}} {{Autoarchive resolved section | age = 3 | archive = 'Incubator:Community Portal/Archive/((year)) | show = yes | timeout = 31 }} __TOC__ == What's the certain minimum activity level required to get a wikipedia language edition approved == Currently there are some work going on in the [[Wp/mrg]], I would like to know some more info about the requirements and suggestion on how to make the project successful. Thanks -- [[User:Abhinab Pegu|Abhinab Pegu]] ([[User talk:Abhinab Pegu|talk]]) 13:43, 21 June 2026 (UTC) :While Incubator hosts these projects and allows for some level of coordination, ultimately, decisions about a new wiki being approved are the [[:m:Language committee|language committee]], who have a [[:m:Requests for new languages|requests process]]. If you think that mrg.wp is mature enough and conforms to the [[:m:Language proposal policy|proposal policy]], then you can propose that it graduates from Incubator. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (<span style="color:grey">ko'''a'''<span style="color:black">v</span>f</span>)]]<span style="color:red">❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯</span> 14:45, 21 June 2026 (UTC) == Restarted Wikipedias == I have restarted The Nauruan and Cree (Moose Cree) Wikipedias but i dont speak it so please if someone can atleast speak some basic versions of those languages can they please help. And i am going to do daily checks so that i should be able to catch vandals [[User:Icantthinkofausername12345|Icantthinkofausername12345]] ([[User talk:Icantthinkofausername12345|talk]]) 15:56, 25 June 2026 (UTC) :If you don't speak those languages, don't restart those Wikipedias. It's literally the first thing written in the [[Help:Manual|manual]]. [[User:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[User talk:Amire80|talk]]) 06:00, 26 June 2026 (UTC) ::Oh ive not read that [[User:Icantthinkofausername12345|Icantthinkofausername12345]] ([[User talk:Icantthinkofausername12345|talk]]) 13:07, 26 June 2026 (UTC) == July 2026 Wikimedia Café meetups regarding Wikimedia governance and options for reform == <div class="border-box" style="background-color: var(--background-color-warning-subtle, #f8eaba); max-width: 875px; padding: 5px; border: 1px solid black; margin: 5px; color: var(--clr-dark)"> <div class="box" style="float:left; padding-top: 10px; padding-right: 10px; padding-left: 10px; padding-bottom: 10px;">[[File:Wikimedia Café logo in plain SVG format.svg|60px|alt=The logo for the Wikimedia Café]]</div> Hello! There will be two '''[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Caf%C3%A9 Wikimedia Café]''' discussion opportunities in July. Both sessions will focus on Wikimedia governance, including possible follow-ups to the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Movement_Charter Movement Charter] and options for reform. Participants may attend either or both Café sessions. This month, to deconflict the Café meetups from Wikimania, the meetups will be held one day later than usual. #'''26 July 2026 15:00 UTC''' ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1785078000 timestamp converter]), at a time friendly to the Americas, Africa, and Europe #'''27 July 2026 03:00 UTC''' ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1785121200 timestamp converter]), at a time friendly to Asia and the Pacific Please see the Café page for more information, including [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Caf%C3%A9#How_to_attend_the_session how to register]! <br /> [[File:Buntstifte Eberhard Faber crop 64h.jpg|860px|alt=cropped image of colored pencils]]</div> [[User:Pine|Pine]] ([[User talk:Pine|talk]]) 03:42, 13 July 2026 (UTC) == Two policy proposals == First, a small one: should [[Incubator:Policy]] be updated to remove Wikinews from the list of hosted projects, and/or to indicate that existing projects have been locked? Second, a larger one: should there be an explicit policy which prohibits the use of any generative AI on Incubator projects? Language models are very unlikely to generate meaningful content in minority languages, and AI-generated images should generally not be needed on sites in the Incubator. ([[Incubator:Policy#Nomenclature]] already prohibits the use of machine translation, and generative AI seems like an even more extreme case of the same.) Standard exceptions apply for articles about generative AI itself, e.g. AI-generated images may be used as examples of AI-generated images. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|talk]]) 22:16, 19 July 2026 (UTC) :Re: #1, I [https://incubator.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Incubator%3APolicy&diff=7255949&oldid=6772598 boldly edited] per your comment. Thanks for noticing. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (<span style="color:grey">ko'''a'''<span style="color:black">v</span>f</span>)]]<span style="color:red">❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯</span> 00:04, 20 July 2026 (UTC) ::Thanks - I figured this wouldn't be controversial, but didn't want to jump in and make edits to policy without discussion. :) [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|talk]]) 00:59, 20 July 2026 (UTC) :Re: #2, I {{support}}. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (<span style="color:grey">ko'''a'''<span style="color:black">v</span>f</span>)]]<span style="color:red">❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯</span> 00:05, 20 July 2026 (UTC) g4ajsr7sxsnb9ylct5mv81txi23w09s 4 9468 7255914 7255496 2026-07-19T22:23:55Z Omphalographer 2589203 /* North Korean standard Korean */ Reply 7255914 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Incubator:Administrators' noticeboard/top}} {{Autoarchive resolved section | age = 3 | archive = '((FULLPAGENAME))/Archive/((year))' | show = yes | timeout = 31 | overview=[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/Archive|Archive]] }} == North Korean standard Korean == Hello, I am interested in developing a Korean-language Wikivoyage test project written in North Korean standard Korean (Munhwaŏ). For this purpose, I attempted to create pages using the prefix "Wy/ko-kp/", but I received the following error message: "The page title you entered is invalid. It is likely missing a prefix or has an incorrect format." For example, pages such as "Wy/ko-kp" cannot be created. Could someone please clarify whether the language code "ko-kp" is supported in Wikivoyage Incubator? If not, what would be the appropriate way to create and organize a test project for North Korean standard Korean? Thank you for your help. [[User:은우0208|은우0208]] ([[User talk:은우0208|talk]]) 07:47, 13 June 2026 (UTC) :I don't think that this would be a viable project. --<small>[[User:MF-Warburg|MF-W]] ''{a, b}''</small> 09:00, 24 June 2026 (UTC) ::Agreed. Given that North Korea does not permit its citizens to travel freely (even domestically), there is no target audience for a North Korean dialect Wikivoyage. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|talk]]) 22:23, 19 July 2026 (UTC) == [[Wp/mh/Blox Fruits]] == Please delete this page. It was created by a vandalism-only account which is likely to be a sockpuppet of the indefinitely-blocked [[Special:Contribs/~2026-36216-97|~2026-36216-97]]. It likely doesn't contain anything an Ebon speaker would consider usable. [[User:NguoiDungKhongDinhDanh|<span class="skin-invert" style="color:black;font-family:Monotype Corsiva,sans-serif;font-size:110%;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal">NguoiDungKhongDinhDanh</span>]] 23:51, 25 June 2026 (UTC) :Done. Thanks for watching. --<small>[[User:MF-Warburg|MF-W]] ''{a, b}''</small> 08:03, 26 June 2026 (UTC) == [[Special:Contribs/188.241.20.225|188.241.20.225]] == Disruptive editing/vandalism. See [{{fullurl:Special:IPContribs/188.241.20.225|isArchive=1}} deleted edits by temporary accounts]. [[User:NguoiDungKhongDinhDanh|<span class="skin-invert" style="color:black;font-family:Monotype Corsiva,sans-serif;font-size:110%;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal">NguoiDungKhongDinhDanh</span>]] 22:30, 27 June 2026 (UTC) : {{done}} [[User:Syunsyunminmin|Syunsyunminmin]] ([[User talk:Syunsyunminmin|talk]]) 13:04, 28 June 2026 (UTC) == Cannot create new pages on Wt/za == Editing existing 7 pages is fine, but not new pages. <blockquote>You are trying to create a page without a valid ISO 639-1 or -3 code. This code either is not valid or does not belong to a language accepted for new Wikimedia projects. If you came here from any other page, please return back and fix the link and then create the correctly named page. If by any chance this is blocking you from creating any page which you think has a valid ISO 639-1 or -3 code or belongs to an accepted language, please let administrators know.</blockquote> [[User:内存溢出的猫|内存溢出的猫]] ([[User talk:内存溢出的猫|talk]]) 20:15, 4 July 2026 (UTC) :{{Done|Fixed}}. @[[User:内存溢出的猫|内存溢出的猫]] please try now. Let me know if you still face any issues on creating new pages. 🪶-[[User:Tanbiruzzaman|<span style="font-family:monospace;color:#006400;letter-spacing:1px;">TΛNBIRUZZΛMΛN</span>]] ([[User talk:Tanbiruzzaman|💬]]) 11:26, 9 July 2026 (UTC) ::It [https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wt/za/%E5%A3%AF%E8%AA%9E is okay] now. Thanks for the fix! -- [[User:内存溢出的猫|内存溢出的猫]] ([[User talk:内存溢出的猫|talk]]) 13:01, 9 July 2026 (UTC) == Unilateral replacement of [[Wy/sh]] with [[Wy/hr]] == Hello! Can an Incubator administrator please undo Wy/sh redirects, delete Wy/hr copies of original Wy/sh pages, and protect the pages from further disruption? Thanks! – [[User:Vipz|Vipz]] ([[User talk:Vipz|talk]] · [[User:Vipz/isv|isv]]) 05:30, 11 July 2026 (UTC) == Request to import citation modules for Wp/mrh == Hello, I am working on the Mara Wikipedia test project (Wp/mrh). Several citation templates are currently producing Lua errors because the required modules are not available in the Wp/mrh namespace. Could an administrator or importer please import the standard citation module suite from English Wikipedia (with full edit history), including the following modules and their required dependencies? * Module:Citation/CS1 * Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration * Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers * Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities * Module:Citation/CS1/COinS * Module:Citation/CS1/Date_validation * Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist * Module:Webarchive * Module:Check isxn Please import them into the appropriate Module:Wp/mrh/ namespace (or the recommended location for Incubator test projects) so that citation templates can function correctly. Thank you very much for your help. [[User:Laitei|Laitei]] ([[User talk:Laitei|talk]]) 08:57, 16 July 2026 (UTC) : @[[User:Laitei|Laitei]]: If you want to use templates or modules from another wiki, please copy them with a clear indication of the source in the summary (due to licensing requirements). [[User:Syunsyunminmin|Syunsyunminmin]] ([[User talk:Syunsyunminmin|talk]]) 12:26, 16 July 2026 (UTC) == Wt/tok/lipu open == Is there a chance the Wiktionary of Toki Pona can be opened? It has a valid ISO 639-3 code (tok), and even has its own Wikipedia page at [https://tok.wikipedia.org]. [[User:Qazwsxedcrfvtgbyhnujmikolpplokimjunhybgtvfrcdexswzaq|Qazwsxedcrfvtgbyhnujmikolpplokimjunhybgtvfrcdexswzaq]] ([[User talk:Qazwsxedcrfvtgbyhnujmikolpplokimjunhybgtvfrcdexswzaq|talk]]) 04:24, 18 July 2026 (UTC) == [[Special:Diff/6998992]] == Would an admin be able to revert that edit on [[Wp/mag/हनुमान् चालीसा]]? I am unable to do so as it's giving me the error "This wiki already exists". See https://spamcheck.toolforge.org/by-domain?q=chalisa-pdf.com for information. Thanks! [[User:OutsideNormality|OutsideNormality]] ([[User talk:OutsideNormality|talk]]) 05:37, 19 July 2026 (UTC) :That means the page is available here [[:mag:हनुमान् चालीसा]] and the incubator page is no more editable. I can delete the page if needed.--[[User:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ]] ^{<small>/hasɔn raza/</small>} [[User talk:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|(talk)]] 06:57, 19 July 2026 (UTC) ij4p8n1tn6bvta1yxmkgi3y7behc5sb 7255946 7255914 2026-07-19T23:56:32Z Omphalographer 2589203 /* North Korean standard Korean */ also, obviously 7255946 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Incubator:Administrators' noticeboard/top}} {{Autoarchive resolved section | age = 3 | archive = '((FULLPAGENAME))/Archive/((year))' | show = yes | timeout = 31 | overview=[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/Archive|Archive]] }} == North Korean standard Korean == Hello, I am interested in developing a Korean-language Wikivoyage test project written in North Korean standard Korean (Munhwaŏ). For this purpose, I attempted to create pages using the prefix "Wy/ko-kp/", but I received the following error message: "The page title you entered is invalid. It is likely missing a prefix or has an incorrect format." For example, pages such as "Wy/ko-kp" cannot be created. Could someone please clarify whether the language code "ko-kp" is supported in Wikivoyage Incubator? If not, what would be the appropriate way to create and organize a test project for North Korean standard Korean? Thank you for your help. [[User:은우0208|은우0208]] ([[User talk:은우0208|talk]]) 07:47, 13 June 2026 (UTC) :I don't think that this would be a viable project. --<small>[[User:MF-Warburg|MF-W]] ''{a, b}''</small> 09:00, 24 June 2026 (UTC) ::Agreed. Given that North Korea does not permit its citizens to travel freely (even domestically), and its people do not have access to Wikimedia web sites, there is no target audience for a North Korean dialect Wikivoyage. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|talk]]) 22:23, 19 July 2026 (UTC) == [[Wp/mh/Blox Fruits]] == Please delete this page. It was created by a vandalism-only account which is likely to be a sockpuppet of the indefinitely-blocked [[Special:Contribs/~2026-36216-97|~2026-36216-97]]. It likely doesn't contain anything an Ebon speaker would consider usable. [[User:NguoiDungKhongDinhDanh|<span class="skin-invert" style="color:black;font-family:Monotype Corsiva,sans-serif;font-size:110%;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal">NguoiDungKhongDinhDanh</span>]] 23:51, 25 June 2026 (UTC) :Done. Thanks for watching. --<small>[[User:MF-Warburg|MF-W]] ''{a, b}''</small> 08:03, 26 June 2026 (UTC) == [[Special:Contribs/188.241.20.225|188.241.20.225]] == Disruptive editing/vandalism. See [{{fullurl:Special:IPContribs/188.241.20.225|isArchive=1}} deleted edits by temporary accounts]. [[User:NguoiDungKhongDinhDanh|<span class="skin-invert" style="color:black;font-family:Monotype Corsiva,sans-serif;font-size:110%;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal">NguoiDungKhongDinhDanh</span>]] 22:30, 27 June 2026 (UTC) : {{done}} [[User:Syunsyunminmin|Syunsyunminmin]] ([[User talk:Syunsyunminmin|talk]]) 13:04, 28 June 2026 (UTC) == Cannot create new pages on Wt/za == Editing existing 7 pages is fine, but not new pages. <blockquote>You are trying to create a page without a valid ISO 639-1 or -3 code. This code either is not valid or does not belong to a language accepted for new Wikimedia projects. If you came here from any other page, please return back and fix the link and then create the correctly named page. If by any chance this is blocking you from creating any page which you think has a valid ISO 639-1 or -3 code or belongs to an accepted language, please let administrators know.</blockquote> [[User:内存溢出的猫|内存溢出的猫]] ([[User talk:内存溢出的猫|talk]]) 20:15, 4 July 2026 (UTC) :{{Done|Fixed}}. @[[User:内存溢出的猫|内存溢出的猫]] please try now. Let me know if you still face any issues on creating new pages. 🪶-[[User:Tanbiruzzaman|<span style="font-family:monospace;color:#006400;letter-spacing:1px;">TΛNBIRUZZΛMΛN</span>]] ([[User talk:Tanbiruzzaman|💬]]) 11:26, 9 July 2026 (UTC) ::It [https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wt/za/%E5%A3%AF%E8%AA%9E is okay] now. Thanks for the fix! -- [[User:内存溢出的猫|内存溢出的猫]] ([[User talk:内存溢出的猫|talk]]) 13:01, 9 July 2026 (UTC) == Unilateral replacement of [[Wy/sh]] with [[Wy/hr]] == Hello! Can an Incubator administrator please undo Wy/sh redirects, delete Wy/hr copies of original Wy/sh pages, and protect the pages from further disruption? Thanks! – [[User:Vipz|Vipz]] ([[User talk:Vipz|talk]] · [[User:Vipz/isv|isv]]) 05:30, 11 July 2026 (UTC) == Request to import citation modules for Wp/mrh == Hello, I am working on the Mara Wikipedia test project (Wp/mrh). Several citation templates are currently producing Lua errors because the required modules are not available in the Wp/mrh namespace. Could an administrator or importer please import the standard citation module suite from English Wikipedia (with full edit history), including the following modules and their required dependencies? * Module:Citation/CS1 * Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration * Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers * Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities * Module:Citation/CS1/COinS * Module:Citation/CS1/Date_validation * Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist * Module:Webarchive * Module:Check isxn Please import them into the appropriate Module:Wp/mrh/ namespace (or the recommended location for Incubator test projects) so that citation templates can function correctly. Thank you very much for your help. [[User:Laitei|Laitei]] ([[User talk:Laitei|talk]]) 08:57, 16 July 2026 (UTC) : @[[User:Laitei|Laitei]]: If you want to use templates or modules from another wiki, please copy them with a clear indication of the source in the summary (due to licensing requirements). [[User:Syunsyunminmin|Syunsyunminmin]] ([[User talk:Syunsyunminmin|talk]]) 12:26, 16 July 2026 (UTC) == Wt/tok/lipu open == Is there a chance the Wiktionary of Toki Pona can be opened? It has a valid ISO 639-3 code (tok), and even has its own Wikipedia page at [https://tok.wikipedia.org]. [[User:Qazwsxedcrfvtgbyhnujmikolpplokimjunhybgtvfrcdexswzaq|Qazwsxedcrfvtgbyhnujmikolpplokimjunhybgtvfrcdexswzaq]] ([[User talk:Qazwsxedcrfvtgbyhnujmikolpplokimjunhybgtvfrcdexswzaq|talk]]) 04:24, 18 July 2026 (UTC) == [[Special:Diff/6998992]] == Would an admin be able to revert that edit on [[Wp/mag/हनुमान् चालीसा]]? I am unable to do so as it's giving me the error "This wiki already exists". See https://spamcheck.toolforge.org/by-domain?q=chalisa-pdf.com for information. Thanks! [[User:OutsideNormality|OutsideNormality]] ([[User talk:OutsideNormality|talk]]) 05:37, 19 July 2026 (UTC) :That means the page is available here [[:mag:हनुमान् चालीसा]] and the incubator page is no more editable. I can delete the page if needed.--[[User:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ]] ^{<small>/hasɔn raza/</small>} [[User talk:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|(talk)]] 06:57, 19 July 2026 (UTC) 19fpgm253h9g69bqwzw5fjzzx03307z 7256092 7255946 2026-07-20T04:41:19Z OutsideNormality 2587478 /* Special:Diff/6998992 */ Reply 7256092 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Incubator:Administrators' noticeboard/top}} {{Autoarchive resolved section | age = 3 | archive = '((FULLPAGENAME))/Archive/((year))' | show = yes | timeout = 31 | overview=[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/Archive|Archive]] }} == North Korean standard Korean == Hello, I am interested in developing a Korean-language Wikivoyage test project written in North Korean standard Korean (Munhwaŏ). For this purpose, I attempted to create pages using the prefix "Wy/ko-kp/", but I received the following error message: "The page title you entered is invalid. It is likely missing a prefix or has an incorrect format." For example, pages such as "Wy/ko-kp" cannot be created. Could someone please clarify whether the language code "ko-kp" is supported in Wikivoyage Incubator? If not, what would be the appropriate way to create and organize a test project for North Korean standard Korean? Thank you for your help. [[User:은우0208|은우0208]] ([[User talk:은우0208|talk]]) 07:47, 13 June 2026 (UTC) :I don't think that this would be a viable project. --<small>[[User:MF-Warburg|MF-W]] ''{a, b}''</small> 09:00, 24 June 2026 (UTC) ::Agreed. Given that North Korea does not permit its citizens to travel freely (even domestically), and its people do not have access to Wikimedia web sites, there is no target audience for a North Korean dialect Wikivoyage. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|talk]]) 22:23, 19 July 2026 (UTC) == [[Wp/mh/Blox Fruits]] == Please delete this page. It was created by a vandalism-only account which is likely to be a sockpuppet of the indefinitely-blocked [[Special:Contribs/~2026-36216-97|~2026-36216-97]]. It likely doesn't contain anything an Ebon speaker would consider usable. [[User:NguoiDungKhongDinhDanh|<span class="skin-invert" style="color:black;font-family:Monotype Corsiva,sans-serif;font-size:110%;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal">NguoiDungKhongDinhDanh</span>]] 23:51, 25 June 2026 (UTC) :Done. Thanks for watching. --<small>[[User:MF-Warburg|MF-W]] ''{a, b}''</small> 08:03, 26 June 2026 (UTC) == [[Special:Contribs/188.241.20.225|188.241.20.225]] == Disruptive editing/vandalism. See [{{fullurl:Special:IPContribs/188.241.20.225|isArchive=1}} deleted edits by temporary accounts]. [[User:NguoiDungKhongDinhDanh|<span class="skin-invert" style="color:black;font-family:Monotype Corsiva,sans-serif;font-size:110%;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal">NguoiDungKhongDinhDanh</span>]] 22:30, 27 June 2026 (UTC) : {{done}} [[User:Syunsyunminmin|Syunsyunminmin]] ([[User talk:Syunsyunminmin|talk]]) 13:04, 28 June 2026 (UTC) == Cannot create new pages on Wt/za == Editing existing 7 pages is fine, but not new pages. <blockquote>You are trying to create a page without a valid ISO 639-1 or -3 code. This code either is not valid or does not belong to a language accepted for new Wikimedia projects. If you came here from any other page, please return back and fix the link and then create the correctly named page. If by any chance this is blocking you from creating any page which you think has a valid ISO 639-1 or -3 code or belongs to an accepted language, please let administrators know.</blockquote> [[User:内存溢出的猫|内存溢出的猫]] ([[User talk:内存溢出的猫|talk]]) 20:15, 4 July 2026 (UTC) :{{Done|Fixed}}. @[[User:内存溢出的猫|内存溢出的猫]] please try now. Let me know if you still face any issues on creating new pages. 🪶-[[User:Tanbiruzzaman|<span style="font-family:monospace;color:#006400;letter-spacing:1px;">TΛNBIRUZZΛMΛN</span>]] ([[User talk:Tanbiruzzaman|💬]]) 11:26, 9 July 2026 (UTC) ::It [https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wt/za/%E5%A3%AF%E8%AA%9E is okay] now. Thanks for the fix! -- [[User:内存溢出的猫|内存溢出的猫]] ([[User talk:内存溢出的猫|talk]]) 13:01, 9 July 2026 (UTC) == Unilateral replacement of [[Wy/sh]] with [[Wy/hr]] == Hello! Can an Incubator administrator please undo Wy/sh redirects, delete Wy/hr copies of original Wy/sh pages, and protect the pages from further disruption? Thanks! – [[User:Vipz|Vipz]] ([[User talk:Vipz|talk]] · [[User:Vipz/isv|isv]]) 05:30, 11 July 2026 (UTC) == Request to import citation modules for Wp/mrh == Hello, I am working on the Mara Wikipedia test project (Wp/mrh). Several citation templates are currently producing Lua errors because the required modules are not available in the Wp/mrh namespace. Could an administrator or importer please import the standard citation module suite from English Wikipedia (with full edit history), including the following modules and their required dependencies? * Module:Citation/CS1 * Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration * Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers * Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities * Module:Citation/CS1/COinS * Module:Citation/CS1/Date_validation * Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist * Module:Webarchive * Module:Check isxn Please import them into the appropriate Module:Wp/mrh/ namespace (or the recommended location for Incubator test projects) so that citation templates can function correctly. Thank you very much for your help. [[User:Laitei|Laitei]] ([[User talk:Laitei|talk]]) 08:57, 16 July 2026 (UTC) : @[[User:Laitei|Laitei]]: If you want to use templates or modules from another wiki, please copy them with a clear indication of the source in the summary (due to licensing requirements). [[User:Syunsyunminmin|Syunsyunminmin]] ([[User talk:Syunsyunminmin|talk]]) 12:26, 16 July 2026 (UTC) == Wt/tok/lipu open == Is there a chance the Wiktionary of Toki Pona can be opened? It has a valid ISO 639-3 code (tok), and even has its own Wikipedia page at [https://tok.wikipedia.org]. [[User:Qazwsxedcrfvtgbyhnujmikolpplokimjunhybgtvfrcdexswzaq|Qazwsxedcrfvtgbyhnujmikolpplokimjunhybgtvfrcdexswzaq]] ([[User talk:Qazwsxedcrfvtgbyhnujmikolpplokimjunhybgtvfrcdexswzaq|talk]]) 04:24, 18 July 2026 (UTC) == [[Special:Diff/6998992]] == Would an admin be able to revert that edit on [[Wp/mag/हनुमान् चालीसा]]? I am unable to do so as it's giving me the error "This wiki already exists". See https://spamcheck.toolforge.org/by-domain?q=chalisa-pdf.com for information. Thanks! [[User:OutsideNormality|OutsideNormality]] ([[User talk:OutsideNormality|talk]]) 05:37, 19 July 2026 (UTC) :That means the page is available here [[:mag:हनुमान् चालीसा]] and the incubator page is no more editable. I can delete the page if needed.--[[User:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ]] ^{<small>/hasɔn raza/</small>} [[User talk:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|(talk)]] 06:57, 19 July 2026 (UTC) ::Thanks for deleting it. [[User:OutsideNormality|OutsideNormality]] ([[User talk:OutsideNormality|talk]]) 04:41, 20 July 2026 (UTC) bnswlo7ymsgwbz1pna7dowv9qpprji8 10 60488 7256523 237480 2026-07-20T11:49:10Z For2jss 2693535 إضافة روابط إنترويكي إلى [[d:Q6151393]] 7256523 wikitext text/x-wiki *[[wt/arz/بورتغالي|'''بورتغالي''']]: </div><noinclude> [[Category:wt/arz/قوالب لغات|بورتغالي]] {{INTERWIKI|Q6151393}} </noinclude> 4nt4qc5uind14vdo2iqwkdrd4ne8mfk 0 78057 7256104 7147658 2026-07-20T05:38:04Z Iampjanz 2677910 nag update sang sensus 7256104 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Image:Ph_locator_southern leyte_malitbog.png|right|Map of Southern Leyte showing the location of Malitbog]] Ang '''Malitbog''' ika-anum nga klase sang munisipalidad nga makita sa probinsya sang [[Wp/hil/Southern Leyte|Southern Leyte]], [[Wp/hil/Pilipinas|Pilipinas]]. May 74.97 kilometro kwadrado ini nga kalaparon kag ini kabahin sang bugtong nga distrito kongresyonal. Base sa 2024 census, ini may populasyon nga 21,691. Ang zip code sini 6603. ==Mga baranggay== An Malitbog may 37 ka mga [[Wp/hil/baranggay|baranggay]]. <table border=0><tr> <td valign=top> * Abgao * Aurora * Benit * Caaga * Cabul-anonan (Pob.) * Cadaruhan * Candatag * Cantamuac * Caraatan * Concepcion * Guinabonan * Iba * Lambonao </td><td valign=top> * Maningning * Maujo * Pasil (Pob.) * Sabang * San Antonio (Pob.) * San Jose * San Roque * San Vicente * Sangahon * Santa Cruz * Taliwa (Pob.) * Tigbawan I </td><td valign=top> * Tigbawan II * Timba * Asuncion * Cadaruhan Sur * Fatima * Juangon * Kauswagan * Mahayahay * New Katipunan * Pancil * San Isidro * Santo Niño </td></tr></table> [[Category:Wp/hil]] [[Category:Wp/hil/Municipalidad sang Southern Leyte]] {{INTERWIKI|Q173701}} go038pithoymscw02ds0ft7er971geo 0 81564 7255952 7247145 2026-07-20T00:05:11Z 26agcp 2575807 Mejoro formato y ortografía, agrego taxobox, 7255952 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/yua/Taxobox | nombre = Kay | imagen = Georgia Aquarium - Giant Grouper edit.jpg | anchoimagen = 250px | piedeimagen = Kayo'ob | domain = [[Wp/yua/Eukaryota|Eukaryota]] | regnum = [[Wp/yua/Animalia|Animalia]] | phylum = [[Wp/yua/Chordata|Chordata]] | subphylum = [[Wp/yua/Vertebrata|Vertebrata]]/[[Wp/yua/Craniata|Craniata]] | subregnum = [[Wp/yua/Eumetazoa|Eumetazoa]] | superphylum = [[Wp/yua/Deuterostomia|Deuterostomia]] | species_group = '''Pisces''' (''parafilético'') }} Le '''kay''' jump'éel ba'alche' ku kuxa'an ichil [[Wp/yua/Ja'|ja']], je'el bix ichil [[Wp/yua/K'áak'náab|k'áak'náab]], áak'al ja', ''lagunas'', [[Wp/yua/Ts'ono'ot|ts'ono'oto'ob]], ja'ob yéetel ''estuarios''. Le '''kay'''o'ob yaan u xe'ek'o'ob (''branquias'') ku yik'alo'ob yéetel u xikinilo'ob (''aletas'') ku yáantik u xíimbal yéetel u suutk'abal ichil ja'. Ya'ab jejeláas kayo'ob yaan ichil yóok'ol kaab; yaan mejen kayo'ob ma' chéen jump'éel ''centímetros'' u nojochil, yéetel yaan uláak'o'ob ku nojochta'al ya'ab ''metros''. [[File:Mero (Epinephelus marginatus), Cabo de Palos, España, 2022-07-15, DD 35.jpg|thumb|Kay ''mero ''(Epinephelus marginatus)'']] Le '''kay'''o'ob ku jaantiko'ob jejeláas ba'alo'ob, je'el bix ''algas'', ''plantas acuáticas'', ''insectos'', ''crustáceos'', ''moluscos'' yéetel uláak' kayo'ob. Bey xan, leti'ob ku jaanta'alo'ob tumen nojoch ba'alche'ob je'el bix [[Wp/yua/Ch'íich'|ch'íich'o'ob]], ''cocodrilos'', [[Wp/yua/Áak|áako'ob]] yéetel ''mamíferos marinos''. Tumen lela', le kayo'ob jach k'a'abet uti'al u je'ets'el u kuxtal ichil le ''ecosistemas''o'ob, tumen ku yáantik u je'ets'el u jaantbil ba'alche'ob yéetel u kuxtal le ja'ob. Ichil u lu'umil ''México'' yaan ya'ab ''cientos'' u jejeláas kayo'ob ku kuxa'an ichil ja' ch’ujuk yéetel ichil k'áak'náab. Ti' ''península Yucatán'' ku k'ajóolta'alo'ob jejeláas ''especies'' ku kuxtal ichil ''arrecifes coralinos'', ''manglares'', ''lagunas costeras'' yéetel ts'ono'oto'ob. Le kúuchilo'ob lelo' ku ts'áaik najil kuxtal ti' ya'ab kayo'ob yéetel uláak' ba'alche'ob ku kuxa'an ichil ja'. [[File:Reef fish 3 (5546050350).jpg|thumb|''Arrecife'']] Le '''kay''' jach k'a'abet uti'al u janalil máako'ob. U bak'el yaan ya'ab ''proteína''s jach ma'alob, ''ácidos grasos omega-3, vitaminas A, D'' yéetel ''B12'', bey xan ''minerales'' je'el bix ''calcio, fósforo, yodo'' yéetel ''selenio''. Le ba'alo'ob lelo' ku yáantik u ch'íijil paalalo'ob, u muuk'il u bak'o'ob, u meyajil u puksi'ik'al yéetel u pool máak. Tumen lela', ya'ab aj ts'áako'ob ku tsolik u jaantik kay ichil jump'éel janalil ma'alob yéetel je'ets'. Ya'ab máako'ob ku meyajtiko'ob ti' kayil, ''acuacultura'' yéetel ti' u konik '''kay'''. Le meyaja' ku ts'áaik meyaj yéetel tojol ti' ya'ab kaajo'ob ''costeros'' yéetel ichil lu'umo'ob tu'ux yaan ''lagunas'' yéetel ja'ob. Ba'ale', jach k'a'abet u meyajta'al le kayil yéetel ma'alob tuukul, uti'al ma' u xu'ulsik le kayo'ob yéetel u kanáantik u kuxtal. [[File:Aquaculture 6.jpg|thumb|''Acuacultura'']] Ti' u k'ajlayil le mayao'ob, le ja' yéetel le kayo'ob yaan u noj k'a'abetil tumen ku ts'áaiko'ob kuxtal yéetel janal. Le mayao'ob ku meyajtiko'ob ''canoas, redes'' yéetel uláak' ''herramientas tradicionales'' uti'al u chukik kay. Tak xan, ya'ab kaajo'ob mayao'ob ku meyajtiko'ob le '''kay''' ichil u janalilo'ob je'el bix [[Wp/yua/Tikin xiik'|tikin xiik']], ''ceviche'', ''pescado asado'' yéetel uláak' janalo'ob ku meyajta'al yéetel ''especias'' yéetel pak'alo'ob tu lu'umil. [[File:Curauma-Catering-Banquetería-Valparaíso-Viña-del-Mar-Ceviche-de-Rollizo.jpg|thumb|''Ceviche'' kay]] Tumen lela', jach k'a'abet u kanáanta'al le k'áak'náabo'ob, le ja'ob, le ''manglares'', le ''arrecifes coralinos'' yéetel le ts'ono'oto'ob, tumen leti'ob ku ts'áaiko'ob najil kuxtal ti' ya'ab jejeláas kayo'ob. U kanáantik le kúuchilo'ob lelo' ku yáantik u p'áatal le ''biodiversidad'' yéetel u ma'alob kuxtalil le túumben paalalo'ob. [[Category:Wp/yua]] [[Category:Wp/yua/Ba'alche'ob]] {{INTERWIKI|Q152}} 1jxp730w0ckzeo7odwk3nbwr59jznmi 0 86228 7255932 7245361 2026-07-19T23:32:56Z 26agcp 2575807 Correcciones, agrego referencia 7255932 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/yua/Taxobox | nombre = K'éek'en | imagen = Cerdos ibericos.jpg | regnum = [[Wp/yua/Animalia|Animalia]] | phylum = [[Wp/yua/Chordata|Chordata]] | classis = [[Wp/yua/Mammalia|Mammalia]] | ordo = [[Wp/yua/Artiodactyla|Artiodactyla]] | subordo = [[Wp/yua/Suina|Suina]] | familia = [[Wp/yua/Suidae|Suidae]] | subfamilia = [[Wp/yua/Suinae|Suinae]] | genus = [[Wp/yua/Sus|Sus]] | binomial = '''Sus domesticus''' | binomial_authority = [[Wp/yua/Johann Christian Erxleben|Erxleben]], 1777 }} Le '''k'éek'en''' (''Sus domesticus'' wáa ''Sus scrofa domesticus''; káastlan t'aan: ''puerco, cerdo'')<ref>Groves, Colin P. (1995). [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12338062#page/160/mode/1up «On the nomenclature of domestic animals»]. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature. '''52''' (2): 137–141. doi:[https://doi.org/10.5962%2Fbhl.part.6749 10.5962/bhl.part.6749]. Biodiversity Heritage Library (ich ''inglés'').</ref> juntúul ba'alche' u boonil boox, wa sáas, wa chakchak, ku jantik k'uun yéetel ixi'im, ku yaalataj tu naajil wíiniko'ob. Bey xan ku jantik bu'ul, xu'uk, sakab, xíiw, yéetel jejeláas janal ku ts'a'abal ti' tumen máako'ob. Le k'éek'eno' jump'éel ba'alche' ku jantik ba'ax ku k'a'abéet, tumen leti' ma' chéen jump'éel janal ku jantik, ba'ale' ku jantik jejeláas janal. [[File:Mamà cerda.jpg|thumb|Xlech]] Le '''k'éek'en''' yaan u ni' jach p'atal, u xikin noj, yéetel u muuk'ul óok'ol ku beetik u paakat ba'ax yaan ichil lu'um. Ma' jach uts' u k'áat chi'ich'ik, ba'ale' jach uts' u xikin yéetel u ni', tumen bey ku k'ajóoltik u janal yéetel u k'áaxil. Le xch'úupal '''k'éek'en''' (xlech), ku k'aaba'e' súut, suut u yáantal u paalalo'ob junkúul ja'ab wa ka'atéen ichil jun ja'ab. Yaan u páajtal u síijil ya'ab paalalo'ob tu jump'éel síijil, lelo' ku béeytal waxak (''ocho''), wa beyxan ''más''. Le chan paalalo'obo' ku k'aaba'e' chan k'éek'eno'ob, yéetel ku ch'íijo'ob séeba' tumen uts' u yits'at yéetel u janal. [[File:2025 Michigan State Fair August 2025 05 (Swine).jpg|thumb|Chan k'éek'eno'ob]] Tu kaajilo'ob yéetel tu k'áaxo'ob ''Yucatán''e', ya'ab máako'ob ku yaalaj '''k'éek'en''' tumen leti' ku ts'áaik bak', k'iinam yéetel boox ki', ba'ax ku meyajtiko'ob ti' janalo'ob je'ex [[Wp/yua/Píibil k'éek'en|píibil k'éek'en]], ''[[Wp/yua/Chicharrón|chicharrón]]'', ''[[Wp/yua/Longaniza|longaniza]]'' yéetel jejeláas máakilo'ob. Bey xan, u k'ab yéetel u boox ki' ku meyajtiko'ob ichil u meyaj kuxtal. K'a'abet u kanáantik le '''k'éek'en'''o' tumen uts', ku ts'a'abal uts' ja', janal, yéetel jump'éel naj tu'ux ma' yaan k'áak'náab yéetel ma' yaan ya'ab k'áax. Beye' ku ch'íijil ma'alob, ku sa'astal yéetel ku ts'áaik ya'ab utsil ti' u kuxtal wíiniko'ob yéetel ti' u meyajil kaaj. == Tu'ux ch'a'abij == <references /> [[Category:Wp/yua]] [[Category:Wp/yua/Aalak'o'ob]] {{INTERWIKI|Q787}} tqk020d6d27rc83d8pxy9k5a8pk8n6i 0 95077 7255994 7250201 2026-07-20T01:45:10Z 26agcp 2575807 26agcp moved page [[Wp/yua/Koj]] to [[Wp/yua/Koj (ba'alche')]]: Agrego aclaración entre paréntesis para desambiguar 7250201 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Image:MountainLion.jpg|thumb|250x250px|right|Koj]] * Káastlan t'aan: ''Puma'' yéetel ''León de montaña''. '''Koj''' juntúul chan ba'alche' janabak' (''carnívoro'') ti' yaan ichil le láak'tsilil (''famili''a) Felidae'. [[File:Puma (Puma concolor concolor) female Leona Amarga 6.jpg|thumb|Koj]] Le kojo’, koj ku yaantal yóok’ol wiits (koj konkolor), juntúul ba’alche ku jaantik bak’ ku taalbal ti’ le u ch’ibalo’ob ''Felidae'', ti’ ''América''. Le nojoch ''felino''a ku yaantal yakach kúuchil keet u jeel ba’alche ti’ ''América'', ts’o’okole ku k’úuchul tak Yukon, ''Canadá'', tak tu nojolil le ''Andes Patagónicos'' ti’le ''América del sur''. Le kojo’ seeb u suukpajal yéetel, li meyatike ku kaxtal tu ichil le biomas ti’ tu laakal ''América''. Letie’ yóok’ ka’ap’éel yaan ti’ tu laakal le ''felinos''o’ob yaan ti’ le tumben lu’uma’, chen ts’o’oke ti’an le báalam, yóok’ ka’anp’éele’ u jach nojochil ti’ yóok’ol kaaje’ yéetel le ''leopardo'', chen ts’o’oke’ ''tigre, león'' yéetel le báalamo’. Jach nojoch ti’ le ''leopardo'', chen ba’ale jach suuka’an yéetel le mejen ''felinos''o, tumen u jejeláasil u nuktakil le ''felinos''o leti’ le tu’ux u taalbal le ''pantera'' le ku áakam, le kojo’ chen ku nóok’ jen bix le mejen ''felinos''o’. == Kejeláasil tuukul ti' koj == '''Koj''' k'ajolta'an xan le yaan ichil u chi' máako'ob wa ba'alche'ob ku yáantit u jaant wa ba'ax, tumen le kojo' Ku yaantik tia'al u níich'a'al ba'axob, yan ts'a'ayo'ob le je'elo' ku yáantit u xet'ik yéetel a chi' le ba'ax a k'aat a jaanto' yan xan u cha'ankoj ichil chi'e' le je'elo' ku juch'ik ma'alob le ba'ax tan a jaantiko'. [[Category:Wp/yua]] [[Category:Wp/yua/Ba'alche'o'ob]] {{INTERWIKI|Q35255}} t6h9rzd9w1a2ikobomn4s2njppl0kt3 7256005 7255994 2026-07-20T02:11:41Z 26agcp 2575807 Agrego taxobox, mejoro formato, muevo parte del contenido a [[Wp/yua/Koj (diente)]] 7256005 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/yua/Taxobox | nombre = Koj | imagen = Puma concolor stanleyana - Texas Park - Lanzarote -PC07.jpg | regnum = [[Wp/yua/Animalia|Animalia]] | phylum = [[Wp/yua/Chordata|Chordata]] | classis = [[Wp/yua/Mammalia|Mammalia]] | ordo = [[Wp/yua/Carnivora|Carnivora]] | subordo = [[Wp/yua/Feliformia|Feliformia]] | familia = [[Wp/yua/Felidae|Felidae]] | subfamilia = [[Wp/yua/Felinae|Felinae]] | genus = [[Wp/yua/Puma|Puma]] | binomial = '''Puma concolor''' | species_authority = [[Wp/yua/Carlos Linneo|Linnaeus]], 1771 }} Le '''koj'''o’ (''Puma concolor''; káastlan t’aan: ''puma'' yéetel ''león de montaña'') juntúul ba’alche’ ku jaantik bak’ ku taalbal ti’ le u ch’i’ibalo’ob ''Felidae'', ti’ ''[[Wp/yua/América|América]]''. Le nojoch ''felino''a’ ku yaantal yakach kúuchil keet u jeel ba’alche’ ti’ ''América'', ts’o’okole ku k’úuchul tak ''Yukón'', ''[[Wp/yua/Canadá|Canadá]]'', tak tu nojolil le ''Andes Patagónicos'' ti’ le ''[[Wp/yua/América del Sur|América del Sur]]''. Le kojo’ seeb u suukpajal yéetel, li meyatike ku kaxtal tu ichil le ''biomas'' ti’ tuláakal ''América''. Leti’e’ yóok’ ka’ap’éel yaan ti’ tuláakal le ''felinos''o’ob yaan ti’ le túumben lu’uma’, chen ts’o’oke ti’an le [[Wp/yua/Báalam|báalam]], yóok’ ka’anp’éele’ u jach nojochil ti’ yóok’ol kaaje’ yéetel le ''[[Wp/yua/Leopardo|leopardo]]'', chen ts’o’oke’ ''[[Wp/yua/Tigre|tigre]]'', ''[[Wp/yua/León|león]]'' yéetel le báalamo’. Jach nojoch ti’ le ''leopardo'', chen ba’ale’ jach suuka’an yéetel le mejen ''felinos''o’, tumen u jejeláasil u nuktakil le ''felinos''o’ leti’ le tu’ux u taalbal le ''[[Wp/yua/Pantera|pantera]]'' le ku áakam, le kojo’ chen ku nóok’ jen bix le mejen ''felinos''o’. [[File:Puma (Puma concolor concolor) female Leona Amarga 6.jpg|thumb|Koj]] [[Category:Wp/yua]] [[Category:Wp/yua/Ba'alche'ob]] {{INTERWIKI|Q35255}} l3g4jduwa780fih19oe3dz6bluycmmm 0 102110 7255988 7251239 2026-07-20T01:30:43Z 26agcp 2575807 Agrego imágenes de acuerdo al texto, mejoro formato y ortografía 7255988 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Collared Peccary.jpg|thumb|Kitam (''Dicotyles tajacu'')]] '''Kitam''' (ich káastlan t'aan k'aj óolta'an bey ''pecarí de collar''), juntúul ba'alche' sijnáal way tu Noj lu'umil ''América''e', chéen ba'ale' yaan xan u kitamil táakbesa'ab tu lu'umil [[Wp/yua/México|México]] ichil u k'áaxilo'ob [[Wp/yua/Chihuahua|Chihuahua]], yéetel tu baandail tu'ux yaan wíitso'ob. Ich u petéenil ''Yucatán''e' ku kuxtal ka'atúul u jela'anil kitam (''Dicotyles tajacu'') wáaj ''pecarí de collar'' yéetel kitam (''Tayassu pecari'') wáaj ''pecarí de labios blancos'', le ts'ook je'ela' maas nojoch ti' le uláak'o' ba'ale' maas talam u yi'ilil. [[File:Tayassu pecari -Brazil-8.jpg|thumb|Kitam (''Tayassu pecari'')]] Le ba'alche'a' ku k'aj óolta'al tu yo'olal u sakpile'enil tu jáalil u kaal wáaj xan tu jáalil u chi'. 55 ''centímetros'' u ka'anlil yéetel ichil 90 tak 139 ''centímetros'' u chowakil. Juntúul kitame' ku k'uchul ichil 25 tak 40 kilos u aalil. Ku jaantik xíiw, keex wáaj túun uts tu t'aan u jaantik u yich pak'áale', suuk xan u jaantik u moots che'ob, u wi' pak'áalo'ob, yéetel ik'elo'ob. Uti'al u síijil juntúul kitame' ku bisik 250 u p'éelel k'iin yéetel ku síijil juntúul wa tak ka'atúul. Le ba'alche'a' suuk u kaxta'al tumen u ts'oonnáalil kaaj tu yo'olal u bak'el ba'ale' yaan xan ts'oonnáalo'ob ku kaxtiko'ob chéen uti'al u kono'ob. U kitamil yaan u sakpile'enil u báak'pachil u kaale' jach máan ya'abo'ob ichil le k'aj óolta'an bey ''labios blancos''e' ba'ale' tu ka'atúulilo'ob ku kuxtalo'ob ichil u petéenil ''Yucatán'', ba'ale' u maas ya'abile' ti' yaan ichil u péetlu'umil ''Quintana Roojee'''. [[Category:Wp/yua]] [[Category:Wp/yua/Ba'alche'ob]] {{INTERWIKI|Q232866}} 0c7otf7xrkluidkluwtazsrcx4nr85l 0 104487 7255904 7243285 2026-07-19T21:34:00Z 26agcp 2575807 26agcp moved page [[Wp/yua/K'an bolay]] to [[Wp/yua/Lince americano]]: El contenido del artículo se refiere a otra especie 7243285 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Bobcat Lynx rufus distribution map.png|thumb|Tuux ku kuxtal]] [[Image:Salzkatze.jpg|thumb|248x248px|right|''Gato montés'' wa ''lince'']] * Miis k'an: ''Gato montés, lince''. Le chan ba'alche'a' kaajan ichil k'axo'ob ''América del Norte'' yéetel ''central''. Le ba'alche'a' jach ts'íik u yóol, súuk u maan tu junal, ku jok'ol ken k'uchuk le áak'abo', k'ajo'oltan tumen sebáan, yaan kaajano' ob ichil nojoch k'axo'ob yéetel ti' ''desierto''. Le ''gato montés'', je’el xan u k’aaba’ ''lince'', u k’aaba’ ''científico'' ''Lynx rufus'', jump’éel ba’alche’ chak yéetel jach ma’alob aj xíimbal ichil k’áax tu yéetelil '''''Felidae'''''. Ku kuxtal ti’ ''Canadá, Estados Unidos'' yéetel ya’ab lu’umilo’ob ti’ ''norte'' u noj lu’umil ''Mejico''. Ti’ kuxtalilo’ ku kaxtik k’áaxo’ob, che’em lu’umilo’ob, witsilo’ob yéetel lu’um ma’ jach ya’ab máak ku kuxtal. Le ''Lynx rufus'' yaan u boonil chak-boox wa chak-k’ank’an yéetel yaan boox u paach. U xe’ek’el u paach jach chan, ba’ale’ u yóok’ol u paach jach no’ox. U xikinilo’ob yaan chan p’u’uk’ ti’ u chúumuk, yéetel u ich jach ma’alob ti’ u wilik ichil áak’ab. Ku jantik ts’u’uts’o’ob, chu’up, kaan, muut yéetel uláak’ chan ba’alche’ob, tumen jach ma’alob aj ch’aako’ob leti’e’. Le ''gato montés''o’ ma’ jach múul ku xíimbal yéetel uláak’ ba’alche’ob; chen jump’éel ku xíimbal yéetel ku kanáantik u lu’umil. Ku yáantik u ts’áabal toj óol ti’ u ya’abtal chan ba’alche’ob ku jantik pak’ala’ob, lela’ ku béeytal u yáantajil ti’ u je’el kuxtal le k’áaxo’ob. Bejla’e’ ma’ tu yaan ti’ noj k’aas u xaal, ba’ale’ yaan u k’aasilo’ob tumen u xu’upul le k’áaxo’ob, u béeytalil najil máako’ob yéetel u ch’a’abil. Tumen le je’ela’, jach k’a’abet u kanáanta’al yéetel u táanil u kuxtal ti’ u yáax k’áaxo’ob. [[Category:Wp/yua]] [[Category:Wp/yua/Ba'alche'o'ob]] {{INTERWIKI|Q42682}} 7ui2ig3gxd32bibm9hfnh0ztv4pr0p4 7255917 7255904 2026-07-19T22:46:55Z 26agcp 2575807 Corrijo imagen del Lynx rufus para que coincida con el texto, agrego taxobox y referencia 7255917 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/yua/Taxobox | nombre = ''Lince americano'' | imagen = Bobcat on the Boardwalk (8292424992).jpg | anchoimagen = 150px | regnum = [[Wp/yua/Animalia|Animalia]] | phylum = [[Wp/yua/Chordata|Chordata]] | classis = [[Wp/yua/Mammalia|Mammalia]] | ordo = [[Wp/yua/Carnivora|Carnivora]] | subordo = [[Wp/yua/Feliformia|Feliformia]] | familia = [[Wp/yua/Felidae|Felidae]] | subfamilia = [[Wp/yua/Felinae|Felinae]] | genus = [[Wp/yua/Lynx (animal)|Lynx]] | binomial = Lynx rufus | binomial_authority = [[Wp/yua/Johann Christian Daniel von Schreber|Schreber]], 1777 }} Le '''''lince americano''''', ''lince rojo'' wáa ''gato montés'', u k’aaba’ ''científico'' ''Lynx rufus'',<ref>CONABIO. [https://enciclovida.mx/especies/34633-lynx-rufus «Lince Americano (Lynx rufus)»]. ''EncicloVida''.</ref> jump’éel ba’alche’ chak yéetel jach ma’alob aj xíimbal ichil k’áax tu yéetelil ''Felidae''. Ku kuxtal ti’ ''[[Wp/yua/Canadá|Canadá]]'', ''[[Wp/yua/Estados Unidos|Estados Unidos]]'' yéetel ya’ab lu’umilo’ob ti’ ''norte'' u noj lu’umil ''[[Wp/yua/México|México]]''. Ti’ kuxtalilo’ ku kaxtik k’áaxo’ob, che’em lu’umilo’ob, wiitsilo’ob yéetel lu’um ma’ jach ya’ab máak ku kuxtal. [[File:Bobcat Lynx rufus distribution map.png|thumb|Tu'ux ku kuxtal]] Le ''Lynx rufus'' yaan u boonil chak-boox wa chak-k’ank’an yéetel yaan boox u paach. U xe’ek’el u paach jach chan, ba’ale’ u yóok’ol u paach jach no’ox. U xikinilo’ob yaan chan p’u’uk’ ti’ u chúumuk, yéetel u ich jach ma’alob ti’ u wilik ichil áak’ab. Ku jantik ts’u’uts’o’ob, chu’up, kaan, muut yéetel uláak’ chan ba’alche’ob, tumen jach ma’alob aj ch’aako’ob leti’e’. Le ''lince''o’ ma’ jach múul ku xíimbal yéetel uláak’ ba’alche’ob; chen jump’éel ku xíimbal yéetel ku kanáantik u lu’umil. Ku yáantik u ts’áabal toj óol ti’ u ya’abtal chan ba’alche’ob ku jantik pak’ala’ob, lela’ ku béeytal u yáantajil ti’ u je’el kuxtal le k’áaxo’ob. Bejla’e’ ma’ tu yaan ti’ noj k’aas u xaal, ba’ale’ yaan u k’aasilo’ob tumen u xu’upul le k’áaxo’ob, u béeytalil najil máako’ob yéetel u ch’a’abil. Tumen le je’ela’, jach k’a’abet u kanáanta’al yéetel u táanil u kuxtal ti’ u yáax k’áaxo’ob. == Tu'ux ch'a'abij == <references /> [[Category:Wp/yua]] [[Category:Wp/yua/Ba'alche'ob]] {{INTERWIKI|Q131907}} c6j5db9pa2791tshyfyjgsxcv75r1fm 0 115908 7255893 473034 2026-07-19T21:09:33Z Revibot 1236611 Bot: Fixing double redirect from [[Wp/yua/Kameruun]] to [[Wp/yua/Camerún]] 7255893 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Wp/yua/Camerún]] 6kpdsln2ep5jng7ba9rsikbir5s0n8e 0 123724 7255959 5647375 2026-07-20T00:32:07Z 26agcp 2575807 Corrijo imagen 7255959 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Nezara viridula MHNT verte.jpg|thumb|Kisay]] Le '''kisay''' leti' juntúul chan ba'alche'. [[Category:Wp/yua]] [[Category:Wp/yua/Ik'elo'ob]] {{INTERWIKI|Q600498}} jol7ewphkpc5ldomzpezwheomtgedpl 3 146006 7256010 7250171 2026-07-20T02:18:34Z MediaWiki message delivery 633333 /* Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-30 */ new section 7256010 wikitext text/x-wiki [[/Archive|archives]] == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-23 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:it:Angelo azzurro (cocktail)]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:es:Ángel azul (cóctel)]])&#32;([[:fr:Ange bleu (cocktail)]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Angelo Azzurro Cocktail.png|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> L''''angelo azzurro''' è un cocktail alcolico italiano. È considerato uno dei cocktail più popolari in Italia negli anni novanta, insieme al B-52 e all'Invisibile. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 05:39, 2 June 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=28788623 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #682 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2025-06-02. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#681]].<br> Help with [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Translations]].''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * New requests for permissions/Bot: [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Bot/Wikidata_Translation_Bot|Wikidata Translation Bot]] - task/s: Automate translation of Item Labels and Descriptions across supported languages and submit them using the official Wikidata API. * New request for comments: [[d:Wikidata:Requests for comment/Mass-editing policy|Mass-editing policy]] * Closed request for comments: ** [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_comment/Rename_PeakFinder_ID_(P3770)|Rename PeakFinder ID (P3770)]] - Property was renamed. ** [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_comment/Domain_name_as_data|Domain name as data]] - property [[d:Property:P13337|domain name (P13337)]] was created. ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: ** New Linked Data for Libraries [[Wikidata: WikiProject LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group|LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group]] project series! We have our next LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group event series on the Wikidata Graph Split project. Our first event will include guests from the Wikidata Search team to discuss the recent graph split project. Join us Tuesday, June 3, 2025 at 9am PT/ 12pm ET/ 16:00 UTC / 6pm CEST (Time zone converter). Please see our [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:WikiProject_LD4_Wikidata_Affinity_Group/Project_Series/GraphSplit project page] for more information and Zoom links. ** OpenStreetMap X Wikidata Meetup #77 June 9 Time: 19:30-21:00 UTC+8 at [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Q61752245|Mozilla Community Space Taipei (Q61752245)]] ** Revitalizing UK History #June 7 Time 16:00 UTC [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Event:Revitalizing_UK_History Revitalizing UK History] * Just missed it? ** Wikidata and Sister Projects: [[d:Event:Wikidata_and_Sister_Projects#Sessions|full day videos and presentation slides are being made available on the program page]]. ** [https://wikimedia.es/evento/concurso-coordinate-me-2025-online/ Coordinate Me 2025], the contest to add [[d:Property:P625|geographic coordinates (P625)]] for countries with low representation has ended. Who will be declared winner? ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs ** [https://osl.hypotheses.org/16774 Wikidata promotes Sister Projects through interwiki links] SLUB Open Science Lab writer Jens Bemme has put together a comprehensive article covering the recent online event and many examples of Wikidata being used. * Papers ** [https://arxiv.org/pdf/2505.21693 MAKIEVAL: A Multilingual Automatic Wikidata-based Framework for Cultural Awareness Evaluation for LLMs] By Zhao et al., (2025) - This paper presents MAKIEVAL, a framework for evaluating cultural awareness in LLMs across languages, showing that models exhibit stronger cultural awareness when prompted in English. ** [https://www.arxiv.org/pdf/2505.19971 Conversational Lexicography: Querying Lexicographic Data on Knowledge Graphs with SPARQL through Natural Language] By Sennrich & Ahmadi (2025) - This paper develops a natural language interface for retrieving lexicographic data from Wikidata, creating a taxonomy and dataset, and evaluating language models, with GPT-3.5-Turbo showing the best generalization despite scalability challenges. ** [https://arxiv.org/pdf/2505.23461 UAQFact: Evaluating Factual Knowledge Utilization of LLMs on Unanswerable Questions] By Tan et al., (2025) - This paper introduces UAQFact, a bilingual dataset for evaluating LLMs on unanswerable questions, showing that models struggle to fully utilize stored factual knowledge even with external support. * Videos ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=NC6zkOznAeM Listful Thinking:Using Wikidata to support editing workflows] By Dr Thneed ** (French) [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=sdsPS8Af6YE Using Wikidata to gain visibility on the internet?] By Nelly Darbois ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=BY_2T6yB56Q How to create a SPARQL Query to search Wikidata Item Description] By vlogize ** (Spanish) [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=1j6pHOBRqt0 Wikimedia Commons and Wikidata tutorial for the subject of Virreinal Art] By Luis Alvaz ** [https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLduaHBu_3ejPiMknpyQFM43rivJbn33Ff&si=F7kedfs1h48e-xQ7 Wikidata and Sister Projects (YouTube Playlist)] - full daily recordings from the Wikidata and Sister Projects event. ''' Tool of the week ''' * [https://github.com/brawer/wikidata-qrank Wikidata Qrank] is a ranking signal for Wikidata entities. It gets computed by aggregating page view statistics for Wikipedia, Wikitravel, Wikibooks, Wikispecies and other Wikimedia projects. For example, according to the QRank signal, the fictional character Pippi Longstocking ranks lower than Harry Potter, but still much higher than the obscure Äffle & Pferdle. ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * [https://www.should-i-watch-this.com Should I watch this?] - Enter a film title or IMDb ID to get a recommendation, uses data from Wikidata. * Job Openings - want to help shape the future of Wikidata or Wikibase? ** [https://wikimedia-deutschland.softgarden.io/job/56640059/Software-Engineer-Wikidata-all-genders-?jobDbPVId=220899039&l=en Software Engineer (Wikidata)] ** [https://wikimedia-deutschland.softgarden.io/job/55063868/Staff-Engineer-Wikidata-all-genders-?jobDbPVId=209936577&l=en Staff Engineer (Wikidata)] ** [https://wikimedia-deutschland.softgarden.io/job/56244967/UX-Designer-Wikibase-Cloud-all-genders-?jobDbPVId=216209752&l=en UX Designer (Wikibase Cloud)] ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: ** General datatypes: ***[[:d:Property:P13589|‎reason for no value]] (<nowiki>qualifier property to be used with statements having the object "no value", given to provide a reason for "no value"</nowiki>) ***[[:d:Property:P13593|cosplay of]] (<nowiki>characters that are cosplayed in this image or video</nowiki>) ** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P13590|espn.com soccer team ID]], [[:d:Property:P13591|‎Yale LUX ID]], [[:d:Property:P13592|Židovski biografski leksikon ID]], [[:d:Property:P13594|verkiezingsuitslagen database ID]], [[:d:Property:P13595|Norwegian soldier register 1940 ID]], [[:d:Property:P13596|Polish Music Library PBM ID]], [[:d:Property:P13597|‎MCW-PL article ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: ** General datatypes: ***[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/UK Mutual Registration Number|UK Mutual Registration Number]] (<nowiki>identifier for an organisation in the UK's Mutuals Public Register</nowiki>) ** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Scilit organization ID|Scilit organization ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/paleo.ru person ID|paleo.ru person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/identifiant Assemblée nationale du Québec non-élu|identifiant Assemblée nationale du Québec non-élu]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ThinkyGames genre ID|ThinkyGames genre ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Letopis of MSU person ID|Letopis of MSU person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/MAI person ID|MAI person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/istina.msu.ru journal ID|istina.msu.ru journal ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/MultimediaWiki page ID|MultimediaWiki page ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Submarine Cable Map ID|Submarine Cable Map ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Nederlands Film Festival person ID|Nederlands Film Festival person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CTS URN|CTS URN]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Scientific heritage of Russia person ID|Scientific heritage of Russia person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Virtual necropolis of Ukrainian emigration person ID|Virtual necropolis of Ukrainian emigration person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Russian Cycling Federation person ID|Russian Cycling Federation person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/The Memories of the Gulag and Their Authors person ID|The Memories of the Gulag and Their Authors person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Yandex Books author ID|Yandex Books author ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Theatre museums of Russia person ID|Theatre museums of Russia person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Reabilitovani istoriyeyu person ID|Reabilitovani istoriyeyu person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CARLA ID|CARLA ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Boosty author ID|Boosty author ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: ** [https://w.wiki/ELXS All lexemes in Minangkabau (sorted chronologically by their entry time)] ** [https://w.wiki/EMbF Film Directors who are still alive] * Schema examples: ** * Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]]: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Status_updates/Next WikiProject WordNet] * WikiProject Highlights: ** * Newest [[d:Wikidata:Database reports|database reports]]:[[Wikidata:Database reports/Most linked category items|list of the most linked category page items]] * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]:[[d:Q18407657| Captain America: Civil War (Q18407657)]] - 22016 film by Anthony and Joe Russo * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase Lexemes]]: [[d:Lexeme:L1250690|(L1250690) spegnere (L1250690)]] - Italian verb "switch off" or "to die" ''' Development ''' * Vector 2022 skin: We enabled dark mode for Items, Properties and Lexemes on Wikidata ([[phab:T389330]]) * Mobile statement editing: We are continuing with the technical investigation. * Diffs: We merged a volunteer patch by Matěj Suchánek to format quantity diffs a bit more sensibly ([[phab:T394585]]) * Search in the UI: We enabled the new search on https://test.wikidata.org and https://wikidata.beta.wmflabs.org. It lets you easily search in other entity types as well now, not just Items. Please give it a try. * Wikibase REST API: We are continuing the work on integrating simple search, specifically phrase matching ([[phab:T389011]]) * Query Service: We are working on an experiment to add a small dialog to inform people about alternative access methods for very simple queries that don't require SPARQL ([[phab:T391261]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)|Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] [[:d:User talk:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)|talk]] · [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 15:16, 2 June 2025 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=28806202 --> == Tech News: 2025-23 == <section begin="technews-2025-W23"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/23|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|Chart extension]] is now available on all Wikimedia wikis. Editors can use this new extension to create interactive data visualizations like bar, line, area, and pie charts. Charts are designed to replace many of the uses of the legacy [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Graph|Graph extension]]. '''Updates for editors''' * It is now easier to configure automatic citations for your wiki within the visual editor's [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Citoid/Enabling Citoid on your wiki|citation generator]]. Administrators can now set a default template by using the <code dir=ltr>_default</code> key in the local <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[MediaWiki:Citoid-template-type-map.json]]</bdi> page ([[mw:Special:Diff/6969653/7646386|example diff]]). Setting this default will also help to future-proof your existing configurations when [[phab:T347823|new item types]] are added in the future. You can still set templates for individual item types as they will be preferred to the default template. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T384709] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:20}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:20|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Starting the week of June 2, bots logging in using <code dir=ltr>action=login</code> or <code dir=ltr>action=clientlogin</code> will fail more often. This is because of stronger protections against suspicious logins. Bots using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Bot passwords|bot passwords]] or using a loginless authentication method such as [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/OAuth/Owner-only consumers|OAuth]] are not affected. If your bot is not using one of those, you should update it; using <code dir=ltr>action=login</code> without a bot password was deprecated [[listarchive:list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/message/3EEMN7VQX5G7WMQI5K2GP5JC2336DPTD/|in 2016]]. For most bots, this only requires changing what password the bot uses. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T395205] * From this week, Wikimedia wikis will allow ES2017 features in JavaScript code for official code, gadgets, and user scripts. The most visible feature of ES2017 is <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>async</code>/<code>await</code></bdi> syntax, allowing for easier-to-read code. Until this week, the platform only allowed up to ES2016, and a few months before that, up to ES2015. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T381537] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.4|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * Scholarship applications to participate in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/GLAM Wiki 2025|GLAM Wiki Conference 2025]] are now open. The conference will take place from 30 October to 1 November, in Lisbon, Portugal. GLAM contributors who lack the means to support their participation can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/GLAM Wiki 2025/Scholarships|apply here]]. Scholarship applications close on June 7th. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/23|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W23"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 23:51, 2 June 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28819186 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-24 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:fi:Kotiryssä]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:en:Kotiryssä]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> A '''kotiryssä''' (jocular Finnish: one’s home Russky or home Russian) was a Soviet or Russian contact person of a Finnish politician, bureaucrat, businessman or other important person. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 02:33, 9 June 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=28788623 --> == Tech News: 2025-24 == <section begin="technews-2025-W24"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/24|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product|Trust and Safety Product team]] is finalizing work needed to roll out [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] on large Wikipedias later this month. The team has worked with stewards and other users with extended rights to predict and address many use cases that may arise on larger wikis, so that community members can continue to effectively moderate and patrol temporary accounts. This will be the second of three phases of deployment – the last one will take place in September at the earliest. For more information about the recent developments on the project, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/Updates|see this update]]. If you have any comments or questions, write on the [[mw:Talk:Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|talk page]], and [[m:Event:CEE Catch up Nr. 10 (June 2025)|join a CEE Catch Up]] this Tuesday. '''Updates for editors''' * [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Watchlist expiry|watchlist expiry]] feature allows editors to watch pages for a limited period of time. After that period, the page is automatically removed from your watchlist. Starting this week, you can set a preference for the default period of time to watch pages. The [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-watchlist-pageswatchlist|preferences]] also allow you to set different default watch periods for editing existing pages, pages you create, and when using rollback. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T265716] [[File:Talk pages default look (April 2023).jpg|thumb|alt=Screenshot of the visual improvements made on talk pages|Example of a talk page with the new design, in French.]] * The appearance of talk pages will change at almost all Wikipedias ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/19|some]] have already received this design change, [[phab:T379264|a few]] will get these changes later). You can read details about the changes [[diffblog:2024/05/02/making-talk-pages-better-for-everyone/|on ''Diff'']]. It is possible to opt out of these changes [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing-discussion|in user preferences]] ("{{int:discussiontools-preference-visualenhancements}}"). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T319146][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T392121] * Users with specific extended rights (including administrators, bureaucrats, checkusers, oversighters, and stewards) can now have IP addresses of all temporary accounts [[phab:T358853|revealed automatically]] during time-limited periods where they need to combat high-speed account-hopping vandalism. This feature was requested by stewards. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T386492] * This week, the Moderator Tools and Machine Learning teams will continue the rollout of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2025 RecentChanges Language Agnostic Revert Risk Filtering|a new filter to Recent Changes]], releasing it to several more Wikipedias. This filter utilizes the Revert Risk model, which was created by the Research team, to highlight edits that are likely to be reverted and help Recent Changes patrollers identify potentially problematic contributions. The feature will be rolled out to the following Wikipedias: {{int:project-localized-name-afwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-bewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-bnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-cywiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hawwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-iswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kkwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-simplewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-trwiki/en}}. The rollout will continue in the coming weeks to include [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2025 RecentChanges Language Agnostic Revert Risk Filtering|the rest of the Wikipedias in this project]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T391964] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * AbuseFilter editors active on Meta-Wiki and large Wikipedias are kindly asked to update AbuseFilter to make it compatible with temporary accounts. A link to the instructions and the private lists of filters needing verification are [[phab:T369611|available on Phabricator]]. * Lua modules now have access to the name of a page's associated thumbnail image, and on [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/g/operations/mediawiki-config/+/2e4ab14aa15bb95568f9c07dd777065901eb2126/wmf-config/InitialiseSettings.php#10849 some wikis] to the WikiProject assessment information. This is possible using two new properties on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#added-by-extensions|mw.title objects]], named <code dir=ltr>pageImage</code> and <code dir=ltr>pageAssessments</code>. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T131911][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380122] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.5|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/24|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W24"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 01:13, 10 June 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28846858 --> == ''This Month in GLAM'': May 2025 == {| style="width:100%;" | valign="top" align="center" style="border:1px gray solid; padding:1em;" | {| align="center" |- | style="text-align: center;" | [[File:This Month in GLAM logo 2018.png|350px|center|link=outreach:GLAM/Newsletter]]<br /> <hr /> <div style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; text-align:center;">[[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/May 2025|<span style="color:darkslategray;">This Month in GLAM – Volume XV, Issue V, May 2025</span>]]</div> <hr /><br /> |- style="text-align: center;" | <span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman;"> '''<u>Headlines</u>'''</span> |- style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; text-align:center;" | <div style="text-align:left; column-count:2; column-width:28em; vertical-align:top;"> * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/May 2025/Contents/Albania report|Albania report]]: Enhancing the LGBTQ+ content in Albanian Wikipedia * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/May 2025/Contents/Belgium report|Belgium report]]: Belgium Public Domain Day and Dance Heritage * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/May 2025/Contents/Brazil report|Brazil report]]: Video resource on Wikimedia Brasil and Casa de Oswaldo Cruz Partnership Released * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/May 2025/Contents/Croatia report|Croatia report]]: SPRINGing back activities * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/May 2025/Contents/Czech Republic report|Czech Republic report]]: National Library of the CR events and important guests * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/May 2025/Contents/Europe report|Europe report]]: DARIAH DHwiki WG coming activity * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/May 2025/Contents/India report|India report]]: GLAM project starts with Nanda Talukdar Foundation at Jorhat, Assam * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/May 2025/Contents/Indonesia report|Indonesia report]]: GLAM Wiki Month 2025 in Indonesia * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/May 2025/Contents/Italy report|Italy report]]: From charts to concrete * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/May 2025/Contents/Kosovo report|Kosovo report]]: Traditional Albanian Food Photography Competition 2025 * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/May 2025/Contents/New Zealand report|New Zealand report]]: Update from Auckland Museum; Let the Wikifying Commence; Listful Thinking * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/May 2025/Contents/Nigeria report|Nigeria report]]: Architectural Folklore Campaign Series * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/May 2025/Contents/Poland report|Poland report]]: What's up in GLAM in Poland * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/May 2025/Contents/Serbia report|Serbia report]]: Celebrating Museums and strengthening #1Lib1Ref connections * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/May 2025/Contents/Spain report|Spain report]]: Some news from Spain * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/May 2025/Contents/Switzerland report|Switzerland report]]: International Museum Day 2025; CoCreation PTT-Archive; Scoring Girls * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/May 2025/Contents/UK report|UK report]]: The 18th language * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/May 2025/Contents/Ukraine report|Ukraine report]]: Spring GLAM news from Ukraine – first major survey for GLAM institutions & yet another successful #1Lib1Ref * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/May 2025/Contents/USA report|USA report]]: May meetings * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/May 2025/Contents/Biodiversity Heritage Library report|Biodiversity Heritage Library report]]: BHL-Wiki Working Group May monthly highlights * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/May 2025/Contents/Memory of the World report|Memory of the World report]]: Preparing the data upload * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/May 2025/Contents/Events|Calendar]]: June's GLAM events </div> |- | style="font-family:Times New Roman; text-align:center; font-size:85%;" | [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter|Read this edition in full]] &bull; [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/May 2025/Single|Single-page]] |- | valign="top" colspan="2" style="padding:0.5em; font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:center; font-size:85%;" | To assist with preparing the newsletter, please visit the [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/Newsroom|newsroom]]. Past editions may be viewed [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/Archives|here]]. |- |} |} <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:GLAM/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in GLAM'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/GLAM|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · [[:m:User:Romaine|Romaine]] 06:00, 10 June 2025 (UTC)</div> <!-- Message sent by User:Romaine@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/GLAM&oldid=28809506 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #683 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2025-06-10. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#682]].<br> Help with [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Translations]].''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * Open request for adminship: [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Administrator/Coinhote|Coinhoe]] - RfP scheduled to end after 10 June 2025 23:49 (UTC) ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: New Linked Data for Libraries [[d:Wikidata: WikiProject LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group|LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group]] project series! We have our next LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group event series on the Wikidata Graph Split project. Our second event will be a conversation with Daniel Mietchen and Lane Rasberry about [https://scholia.toolforge.org/ Scholia], the Wikidata frontend which generates and presents scholarly profiles based on WikiCite content. They'll speak to Scholia's current state and roadmap, with consideration for the recent Wikidata graph split. Tuesday, June 10, 2025 at 9am PT/ 12pm ET/ 16:00 UTC / 6pm CEST. More info and Zoom links: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_LD4_Wikidata_Affinity_Group/Project_Series/GraphSplit|project page]]. ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs ** [https://github.com/trokhymovych/wikidata-vandalism-detection Graph-Linguistic Fusion: Using Language Models for Wikidata Vandalism Detection]: resources to reproduce training and evaluation procedure for the paper Graph-Linguistic Fusion: Using Language Models for Wikidata Vandalism Detection ** [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1EyInxNXvz3rmmlTeYOKg6Sr5EKG--4mzBXlaz_HhYRY/edit?usp=sharing Cataloguing guidelines for representing the Memory of the World International Register on Wikidata] Google Doc to shape the process of a coming data upload: comments are open. ** [https://outreach.wikimedia.org/wiki/GLAM/Newsletter/May_2025/Contents/Memory_of_the_World_report GLAM:Memory of the World Report:] Hannah Drummen at UNESCO, alongside data expert Martin, has completed a structured dataset of 496 International Register items, ready for bulk upload to Wikidata in June, with an aim to enhance accessibility and define best practices for future updates. ** [[d:outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/May_2025/Contents/Biodiversity_Heritage_Library_report|Wikidata QID updates to BHL catalogue]]: The BHL Lead Developer, Mike Lichtenberg, is ensuring periodic Wikidata Qid refreshes in the BHL Catalogue, with the working group advising a downloadable post-refresh report for OpenRefine integration, to be sent to the BHL Metacat group for reconciliation by Siobhan or other Wikidata editors. ** [[d:outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/May_2025/Contents/Indonesia_report GLAM Wiki|Wikidata training & Datathon in Indonesia]]: Wikimedia Indonesia hosts WikiLatih Wikidata training to enhance skills in editing Indonesian cultural heritage data on Wikidata, while Datathon challenges participants to make the most edits on museum-related topics in Indonesia. * Papers ** [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40481658/ Wikidata for Botanists: Benefits of collaborating and sharing Linked Open Data] By von Mering et al., (2025) - This paper explores Wikidata as a multilingual open knowledge base for botany, highlighting its role in connecting botanical information across sources, and calling on the botanical community to enhance its content. ** [https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-025-05200-8 CS-KG 2.0: A Large-scale Knowledge Graph of Computer Science] By Dessí et al., (2025) - This paper introduces CS-KG 2.0, an advanced AI-powered knowledge graph built from 15 million research papers, designed to enhance scientific exploration by structuring and interconnecting vast amounts of computer science literature. * Videos ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FHhvcvvFPsA Using the Wiki List tool] - GoogleSheet with formulae for retrieving Wikidata values and writing QuickStatements commands. ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=0eGNxqvW89M Introduction to Wikidata] By Robin Isadora Brown and Lane Rasberry ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=ijwiYthh6CY Wikidata Editing] By Kusaal Wikipedia Community ** (Portuguese) [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=UWuRQstMm8E Federating academic SPARQL searches in Wikidata] By Tiago Lubiana ''' Tool of the week ''' * [https://phonemes.toolforge.org/ Wikidata Phonemes] This is the web application developed specifically for Wikidata IOLab. In here you can add phonemes to a whole bunch of languages, basing your work on the work that the brazilian students of their national olympiad did while editing Wikipedia. * [https://www.should-i-watch-this.com/Mission%20Imposible/2018 Should I watch this?] is a tool that helps users decide whether a movie or show is worth watching. ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' * Newest General datatypes **[[:d:Property:P13598|Guizzi's classification of musical instruments]] (<nowiki>Guizzi's classification system of musical instruments</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P13602|single taken from the album]] (<nowiki>indicates the album from which the item is taken</nowiki>) * Newest External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P13599|‎GameSpot platform ID]], [[:d:Property:P13600|‎OberpfalzWiki article ID]], [[:d:Property:P13601|‎Private Enterprise Number]], [[:d:Property:P13603|TNT Sports soccer team ID]], [[:d:Property:P13604|‎Fondazione Ragghianti Fototeca image ID]], [[:d:Property:P13605|ROAR ID]], [[:d:Property:P13606|‎15min.lt theme ID]], [[:d:Property:P13607|FMJD person ID]], [[:d:Property:P13608|NAQ non-elected person ID]], [[:d:Property:P13609|paleo.ru person ID]], [[:d:Property:P13610|‎Sierra Wiki article ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New External identifier property proposals to review: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Biblioteca Pública|Biblioteca Pública]] (<nowiki><nowiki>{{TranslateThis</nowiki></nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Libretexts ID|Libretexts ID]] (<nowiki>the world's largest collection of free OER textbooks online</nowiki>) * External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/identifiant Évêques suisses|identifiant Évêques suisses]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Enciclopedia Galega Universal ID|Enciclopedia Galega Universal ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Deaf Movie Database|Deaf Movie Database]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Biographical Dictionary of Affiliated Dissemination of Literacy among Georgians ID|Biographical Dictionary of Affiliated Dissemination of Literacy among Georgians ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Biographical Dictionary of Physicians of Georgia ID|Biographical Dictionary of Physicians of Georgia ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Biographical Dictionary of Athletes of Georgia ID|Biographical Dictionary of Athletes of Georgia ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Biographical Dictionary of Winemakers of Georgia ID|Biographical Dictionary of Winemakers of Georgia ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/matricule number|matricule number]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/inn|inn]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Debian Wiki article|Debian Wiki article]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Desura game ID (archived)|Desura game ID (archived)]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Diccionario de catedráticos españoles de derecho ID|Diccionario de catedráticos españoles de derecho ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/QUDT dimension ID|QUDT dimension ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: ** [https://w.wiki/ERgB Wikisource transcriptions of texts on the Memory of the World International Register], ([[d:User:MartinPoulter/queries/memory_of_the_world#Wikisource_transcriptions_of_individual_texts|source]]) ** [https://w.wiki/4cn2 Bills and coins of Brazilian Real (with pictures)] * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProject]] highlights: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:WikiProject_Names/be-tarask Names/Belarusian] - This WikiProject aims to add structured and linguistic data to Wikidata to enable the study of people's names across all time periods, regions, and languages. * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: [[d:Q5901134|Ant-Man (Q5901134)]] - 2015 film directed by Peyton Reed ''' Development ''' * Mobile editing of statements: We are doing initial development focusing on technical investigations and basic UI elements ([[phab:T394292]], [[phab:T394886]]) * Lexemes: We are looking into a rare error when trying to do undo certain Lexeme edits ([[phab:T392372]]) * Watchlist/Recent changes on Wikipedia: We continued working on showing labels instead of IDs in the edit summaries of Wikidata changes that are shown in the watchlist and recent changes of Wikipedia and co ([[phab:T388685]]) * Wikibase REST API: Finishing touches on simple search ([[phab:T383126]]) * Query Service UI: Added experimental popup to point people running very simple queries to other available access methods ([[phab:T391264]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Abdulai (WMDE)|Mohammed Abdulai (WMDE)]] [[:d:User talk:Mohammed Abdulai (WMDE)|talk]] · [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 13:21, 10 June 2025 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Abdulai (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=28846270 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-25 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Future self]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:pl:Przyszła jaźń]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> In the psychology of self, the '''future self''' concerns the processes and consequences associated with thinking about oneself in the future. People think about their future selves similarly to how they think about other people. The extent to which people feel psychologically connected (e.g., similarity, closeness) to their future self influences how well they treat their future self. When people feel connected to their future self, they are more likely to save for retirement, make healthy decisions, and avoid ethical transgressions. Interventions that increase feelings of connectedness with future selves can improve future-oriented decision making across these domains. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 02:18, 16 June 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=28788623 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #684 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2025-06-16. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#683]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: ** [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/african-wikimedians@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/7ZEIMLZEQXFLSXPT2N6FROB2TCMMKVVW/ GLAM Wiki Conference 2025] - Program Call-for-Proposals: Deadline 15 June. ** [[d:Q134950534|COSCUP 2025 (Q134950534)]] [[m:Wikimedia Taiwan/Wikidata Taiwan/COSCUP 2025|Open Street Map x Wikidata Track]] - [[d:Q699543|National Taiwan University of Science and Technology (Q699543)]] 9 August - 10 August. ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs ** [https://professional.wiki/en/news/wikibase-faceted-search-released Wikibase Faceted Search Released] ([https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CxKWpTQBrqk demo video]) ** [https://github.com/watmildon/DecomissionedAircraftMap DecomissionedAircraftMap] (see tool below) - The Decommissioned Aircraft Map project uses Wikidata to enhance its mapping of historic aircraft by pulling images from linked Wikidata entries. Users can contribute by adding or correcting Wikidata tags on OpenStreetMap, ensuring accurate representation of aircraft locations and visuals. By Watmildon. * Videos: [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=aDVeeym9Dpg Querying Wikidata using tools such as QuickStatements and Petscan] - Wikimedia Community User Group Uganda ''' Tool of the week ''' * [https://dataviz.toolforge.org/ Wikidata Visualization]: a visualization tool for Wikidata SPARQL queries * [https://overpass-ultra.us/#map&query=url:https://raw.githubusercontent.com/watmildon/DecomissionedAircraftMap/refs/heads/main/AircraftMap.ultra&m=0.87/0/0 DecomissionedAircraftMap] (as a demonstration of the power of OpenStreetMap into Wikidata): pulls geodata for displayed aircraft from OpenStreetMap and generates thumbnails from linked Wikidata entries. * [http://tiago.bio.br/query-split-tester Query split tester] (Beta): webtool to see the impact on the graph split on your SPARQL query. ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * Nominations for the [[m:Coolest_Tool_Award|Coolest Tools Award]] 2025 are open. Nominate your favorite tool! Nominations are due by the 25th of this month already. ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' * Newest General datatypes **[[:d:Property:P13612|‎breed belongs to taxon]] (<nowiki>taxon to which members of this breed (or these breeds) belong</nowiki>) * Newest External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P13611|CARLA ID]], [[:d:Property:P13613|Enciclopedia Galega Universal ID]], [[:d:Property:P13614|ThinkyGames genre ID]] * New External identifier property proposals to review: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/worn on|worn on]] (<nowiki>part of the body where an item of clothing, equipment, or jewelry is worn</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/rewards this type of work|rewards this type of work]] (<nowiki>kind of work for which an award is given</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/sign meaning|sign meaning]] (<nowiki></nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/trailer of|trailer of]] (<nowiki>works that this trailer video represents</nowiki>) * External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Facebook image ID|Facebook image ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/DE-BIAS ID|DE-BIAS ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Author identifier in FragTrag|Author identifier in FragTrag]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Niedersächsische Personen-ID|Niedersächsische Personen-ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/FBref match ID|FBref match ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/FBref competition ID|FBref competition ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: ** [https://w.wiki/EKb5 A visual representation of the birthplaces and death places of women medical doctors who qualified in the UK between 1877 and 1914.] ([[d:Wikidata:Request_a_query#Place_of_birth_to_Place_of_Death_-_arrow_indicator?|source]]) ** [https://w.wiki/6RiP Distinct languages of Wikidata Lexemes] * Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]]: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_PCC_EMCO_Wikidata_CoP|EMCO Wikidata CoP]] - EMCO promotes the discovery and use of the world’s knowledge by supporting metadata producers in library and other cultural heritage communities. * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: [[d:Q50008|The Times (Q50008)]] - British daily national newspaper based in London * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase Lexemes]]: [[d:Lexeme:L3348|right (L3348)]] - English adjective (rīt) meaning "opposite of left", "correct/just", or "politically conservative" ''' Development ''' * Mobile editing: ** [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikidata@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/GX3FR7E6ASLEOP7LLKXTYCJ6O34QX3QJ/ Share your feedback on the new prototype that brings statement editing on Items to mobile]. ** We continued base work for making editing statements on mobile possible. * Simple search is now available in the Wikibase REST API! You can find information and leave feedback [[d:Wikidata talk:REST API feedback round|here]]. * Lexemes: We’re working on a WikibaseLexeme error that happens when trying to revert the deletion of a form that was already undeleted ([[phab:T392372]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Abdulai (WMDE)|Mohammed Abdulai (WMDE)]] [[:d:User talk:Mohammed Abdulai (WMDE)|talk]] · [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 14:28, 16 June 2025 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Abdulai (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=28856554 --> == Tech News: 2025-25 == <section begin="technews-2025-W25"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/25|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * You can [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/359761?lang=en nominate your favorite tools] for the sixth edition of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Coolest Tool Award|Coolest Tool Award]]. Nominations are anonymous and will be open until June 25. You can re-use the survey to nominate multiple tools. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:33}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:33|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.6|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * Foundation staff and technical volunteers use Wikimedia APIs to build the tools, applications, features, and integrations that enhance user experiences. Over the coming years, the MediaWiki Interfaces team will be investing in Wikimedia web (HTTP) APIs to better serve technical volunteer needs and protect Wikimedia infrastructure from potential abuse. You can [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2025/06/12/apis-as-a-product-investing-in-the-current-and-next-generation-of-technical-contributors/ read more about their plans to evolve the APIs in this Techblog post]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/25|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W25"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 23:35, 16 June 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28870688 --> == Growth News #34 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Growth team logo - Icon only.svg|right|frameless|class=skin-invert]] ''A quarterly update from the Growth team on our work to improve the new editor experience.'' === Mentoring new editors === In February, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Feature summary#Mentorship 2|Mentorship]] was successfully rolled out to 100% of newcomers on English Wikipedia. Following this milestone, we collaborated with Spanish Wikipedia to expand Mentorship coverage to 70% of new accounts, with plans to reach 85% soon unless concerns are raised by mentors. ([[phab:T394867|T394867]]) === “Add a Link” Task – Iteration and Experimentation === Our efforts to improve and scale the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Personalized first day/Structured tasks/Add a link|“Add a Link” structured task]] continued across multiple fronts: * '''Community Feedback & Model Improvements''': We’ve responded to community concerns with targeted changes: ** Restricting access to newer accounts ([[phab:T393688|T393688]]) ** Some links types were removed to align with recommendations written in the English Wikipedia Manual of Style ([[phab:T390683|T390683]]) ** Allowing communities to limit “Add a Link” to newcomers ([[phab:T393771|T393771]]) ** The model used to suggest the links was improved to ease its training ([[phab:T388258|T388258]]) * '''English Wikipedia rollout and A/B test''': We increased the rollout to 20% of newcomers, with analysis underway. Preliminary data suggests this feature makes new account holders more likely to complete an unreverted edit. ([[phab:T386029|T386029]], [[phab:T382603|T382603]]) * '''Surfacing Structured Tasks''': An experiment where we show “add a link” suggestions to newly registered users while they are reading an article is running on pilot wikis (French, Persian, Indonesian, Portuguese, Egyptian Arabic). Initial results are under analysis. ([[phab:T386029|T386029]]) === Newcomer Engagement Features === * '''“Get Started” notification''': Engineering is in progress for a new notification (Echo/email) to encourage editing among newcomers with zero edits. Early research shows this type of nudge is effective. ([[phab:T392256|T392256]]) * '''Confirmation email:''' We are exploring ways to simplify and improve the initial account confirmation email newly registered users receive. ([[phab:T215665|T215665]]) === Community Configuration Enhancements === Communities can now manage which namespaces are eligible for Event Registration via [[mw:Community Configuration|Community Configuration]]. ([[phab:T385341|T385341]]) === Annual Planning === The Wikimedia Foundation’s 2025–2026 Annual Plan is taking shape. The Growth and Editing teams will focus on the [[metawiki:Wikimedia_Foundation_Annual_Plan/2025-2026/Product_&_Technology_OKRs#Contributor_Experiences_(WE1)|'''Contributor Experiences (WE1)''' objective]], with a focus on increasing '''constructive edits''' by editors with fewer than 100 cumulative contributions. === Get Involved === We value your insights and ideas! If you would like to participate in a discussion, share feedback, or pilot new features, please reach out on the relevant Phabricator tasks or [[mw:Talk:Growth|at our talk page]], in any language. ''<small>'''[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters|Growth team's newsletter]]''' prepared by [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth|the Growth team]] and posted by [[m:User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[mw:Talk:Growth|Give feedback]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/Growth team updates|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].</small>'' </div> 18:51, 17 June 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Growth_team_updates&oldid=28750629 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-26 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Pictorial map]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:fa:نقشه تصویری]])&#32;([[:ja:絵地図]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Blake Britain Spearhead of Attack.jpg|center|300px]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Pictorial maps''' (also known as illustrated maps, panoramic maps, perspective maps, bird's-eye view maps, and geopictorial maps) depict a given territory with a more artistic rather than technical style. It is a type of map in contrast to road map, atlas, or topographic map. The cartography can be a sophisticated 3-D perspective landscape or a simple map graphic enlivened with illustrations of buildings, people and animals. They can feature all sorts of varied topics like historical events, legendary figures or local agricultural products and cover anything from an entire continent to a college campus. Drawn by specialized artists and illustrators, pictorial maps are a rich, centuries-old tradition and a diverse art form that ranges from cartoon maps on restaurant placemats to treasured art prints in museums. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 01:18, 23 June 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=28788623 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #685 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2025-06-23. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#684]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Events ''' * Join us for the third [[Wikidata: WikiProject LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group|LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group]] event on the Wikidata Graph Split project, [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1750780800 Tuesday, June 24 at 9am PT / 12pm ET / 16:00 UTC / 6pm CEST]. We’ll share updates on the Query Service, tools, and SPARQL learning resources. Stanford researchers Shicheng Liu and Sina Jandaghi Semnani will present their Spinach Wikidata Agent, which translates complex questions into SPARQL queries [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_LD4_Wikidata_Affinity_Group/Project_Series/GraphSplit|Project page]] ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Presentations ** [https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15690771 Slides of the panel] ''MediaWiki-based tools and services in Digital Humanities workflows'', part of the DARIAH-EU Annual Event 2025 in Göttingen: (the panel was about Wikibase instances, including Wikidata) * Blogs ** [https://stefan.bloggt.es/2025/06/wer-war-wie-oft-bei-lanz-schoener-leben-mit-linked-data/ Who appeared how often on Lanz?] (in German) ** [https://techinformed.com/wikidata-leader-on-open-data-in-age-of-ai/ Wikidata’s Lydia Pintscher on importance of open data in the age of AI] * Papers ** [https://www.psypost.org/scientists-uncover-surprisingly-consistent-pattern-of-scholarly-curiosity-throughout-history/ Scientists uncover surprisingly consistent pattern of scholarly curiosity throughout history] ** [https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ppp3.70050 ''The women honoured in flowering plant genera: From myth to reality''] by [[User:Ambrosia10|Ambrosia10]] and colleagues used Wikidata to publicly curate the information. * Videos ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=j8hxYuqCVm4 Holy wells and OpenData - a talk about Wikidata et al.] ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=Ek629n_-2v4&pp=0gcJCfwAo7VqN5tD Wikidata Graph Split - Writing an FAQ] - By Tiago Lubiana ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=mI9KmLI_NNA Taller introducción a Wikidata - Erika Guetti Suca] ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=2177TktBLok Wikidata Lab XLV: Quick Statements 3.0 - Part II] By Wikimedia Brasil ** (Spanish) [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=W74pw00i4IQ ¿Qué es Wikidata y cómo se edita?] By Wikimedia Colombia ''' Tool of the week ''' * [https://femiber.upf.edu/ FEMIber]: a digital humanities tool that uses structured data aligned with Wikidata principles to document and analyze how women are represented in medieval Iberian chronicles. ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' * Newest External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P13615|The Memories of the Gulag and Their Authors person ID]], [[:d:Property:P13616|Debian Wiki article]], [[:d:Property:P13617|UK Parliament bill ID]], [[:d:Property:P13618|CPJ topic ID]], [[:d:Property:P13619|Desura game ID (archived)]], [[:d:Property:P13620|Diccionario de catedráticos españoles de derecho ID]], [[:d:Property:P13621|Swiss Bishops ID]], [[:d:Property:P13622|KNDB person ID]], [[:d:Property:P13623|MAI person ID]], [[:d:Property:P13624|necropolis.uinp.gov.ua person ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/état|état]] (<nowiki>state of the matrix while printing</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Russian Federal Tax Service ID|Russian Federal Tax Service ID]] (<nowiki>identifier of Russian Tax Service for people or organization</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/donation URL|donation URL]] (<nowiki>official URL for making donations to the subject</nowiki>) * New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Ukrainian Memorial person ID|Ukrainian Memorial person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Memorial Platform person ID|Memorial Platform person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Klimadashboard.de region ID|Klimadashboard.de region ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Taiwan Central News Agency News topic id|Taiwan Central News Agency News topic id]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/identifiant HAL d'une collection|identifiant HAL d'une collection]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CoreTennis.net player ID|CoreTennis.net player ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/identifiant sujet du dictionnaire biographique du Canada|identifiant sujet du dictionnaire biographique du Canada]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/AMNH entity ID|AMNH entity ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/nasljerseys.com player ID|nasljerseys.com player ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Portal Decentralization hromada ID|Portal Decentralization hromada ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Portal of united hromadas of Ukraine hromada ID|Portal of united hromadas of Ukraine hromada ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Archive of Our Own story ID|Archive of Our Own story ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/rada.info council ID|rada.info council ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/International Tennis Federation player ID|International Tennis Federation player ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Confederation of African Tennis player ID|Confederation of African Tennis player ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Artvee artwork ID|Artvee artwork ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: ** [https://w.wiki/EKb5 Place of birth to Place of Death - arrow indicator] ([https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Request_a_query source]) ** [https://w.wiki/tZJ Map with place of birth and years of cartographers] ([[d:Wikidata:Request_a_query#Place_of_birth_to_Place_of_Death_-_arrow_indicator?|source]]) * Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]]: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:WikiProject_Personal_Collections WikiProject Personal Collections] - The WikiProject Personal Collections aims to develop standardized terms, multilingual ontologies, and best practices for consistently describing personal collections and archives on Wikidata. * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: [[d:Q484365|David Duchovny (Q484365)]] - American actor and writer * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase Lexemes]]: [[d:Lexeme:L183915|газ (L183915)]] - Russian noun (ɡas) meaning "gas (physical state)", "natural gas", or "accelerator pedal" ''' Development ''' * Query Service: It is now possible to download query results in Wikidata Query Service that include coordinates as GeoJSON (KML & GPX should also be available soon). Thanks to Atom.oil.2 for the patch. ([[phab:T216601]]) * Wikidata integration in Wikipedia and co: We are continuing the work on improving how Wikidata changes show up in watchlist and recent changes, specifically showing labels instead of IDs in the future. ([[phab:T388685]]) * Search: We enabled the new search box that makes it easier to search in Properties, Lexemes and EntitySchemas as well. We are working on minor fixes based on feedback. * Mobile statement editing: We are working on showing the first statements in the new way - mostly tech demo and nothing to see yet ([[phab:T394886]]) * Federation: We are looking into measuring and better understanding queries that use SPARQL federation. * REST API: We continued working on prefix search for Items in the API ([[phab:T388209]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Govdirectory/Norway|Norway]] * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Current issue]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Abdulai (WMDE)|Mohammed Abdulai (WMDE)]] [[:d:User talk:Mohammed Abdulai (WMDE)|talk]] · [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 15:11, 23 June 2025 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Abdulai (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=28856554 --> == Tech News: 2025-26 == <section begin="technews-2025-W26"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/26|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * This week, the Moderator Tools and Machine Learning teams will continue the rollout of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2025 RecentChanges Language Agnostic Revert Risk Filtering|a new filter to Recent Changes]], releasing it to the third and last batch of Wikipedias. This filter utilizes the Revert Risk model, which was created by the Research team, to highlight edits that are likely to be reverted and help Recent Changes patrollers identify potentially problematic contributions. The feature will be rolled out to the following Wikipedias: {{int:project-localized-name-azwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-lawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mkwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mlwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mrwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-swwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tlwiki/en}}. The rollout will continue in the coming weeks to include [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2025 RecentChanges Language Agnostic Revert Risk Filtering|the rest of the Wikipedias in this project]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T391964] '''Updates for editors''' * Last week, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] were rolled out on Czech, Korean, and Turkish Wikipedias. This and next week, deployments on larger Wikipedias will follow. [[mw:Talk:Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|Share your thoughts]] about the project. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T340001] * Later this week, the Editing team will release [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#Multi check|Multi Check]] to all Wikipedias (except English Wikipedia). This feature shows multiple [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#Reference check|Reference checks]] within the editing experience. This encourages users to add citations when they add multiple new paragraphs to a Wikipedia article. This feature was previously available as an A/B test. [https://analytics.wikimedia.org/published/reports/editing/multi_check_ab_test_report_final.html#summary-of-results The test shows] that users who are shown multiple checks are 1.3 times more likely to add a reference to their edit, and their edit is less likely to be reverted (-34.7%). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T395519] * A few pages need to be renamed due to software updates and to match more recent Unicode standards. All of these changes are related to title-casing changes. Approximately 71 pages and 3 files will be renamed, across 15 wikis; the complete list is in [[phab:T396903|the task]]. The developers will rename these pages next week, and they will fix redirects and embedded file links a few minutes later via a system settings update. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:24}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:24|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug was fixed that had caused pages to scroll upwards when text near the top was selected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T364023] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Editors can now use Lua modules to filter and transform tabular data for use with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|Extension:Chart]]. This can be used for things like selecting a subset of rows or columns from the source data, converting between units, statistical processing, and many other useful transformations. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Transforms|Information on how to use transforms is available]]. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project/Updates] * The <code dir=ltr>all_links</code> variable in [[Special:AbuseFilter|AbuseFilter]] is now renamed to <code dir=ltr>new_links</code> for consistency with other variables. Old usages will still continue to work. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T391811] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.7|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters/34|Growth newsletter]] is available. It includes: the recent updates for the "Add a Link" Task, two new Newcomer Engagement Features, and updates to Community Configuration. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/26|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W26"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 23:17, 23 June 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28870688 --> == ''The Signpost'': 24 June 2025 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[File:WikipediaSignpostIcon.svg|40px|right]] ''News, reports and features from the English Wikipedia's newspaper''</div> <div style="column-count:2;"> * News and notes: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-06-24/News and notes|Happy 7 millionth!]] * In the media: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-06-24/In the media|Playing professor pong with prosecutorial discretion]] * Disinformation report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-06-24/Disinformation report|Pardon me, Mr. President, have you seen my socks?]] * Recent research: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-06-24/Recent research|Wikipedia's political bias; "Ethical" LLMs accede to copyright owners' demands but ignore those of Wikipedians]] * Traffic report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-06-24/Traffic report|All Sinners, a future, all Saints, a past]] * News from Diff: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-06-24/News from Diff|Call for candidates is now open: Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees]] * Opinion: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-06-24/Opinion|Russian Wiki-fork flails, failing readers and editors]] * Debriefing: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-06-24/Debriefing|EggRoll97's RfA² debriefing]] * Community view: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-06-24/Community view|A Deep Dive Into Wikimedia (part 3)]] * Comix: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-06-24/Comix|Hamburgers]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost|Read this Signpost in full]]''' · [[w:en:Wikipedia:Signpost/Single|Single-page]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Signpost|Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] 02:31, 24 June 2025 (UTC) <!-- Sent via script ([[w:en:User:JPxG/SPS]]) --></div> <!-- Message sent by User:Bri@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Signpost&oldid=28849846 --> == This Month in Education: June 2025 == <div class="plainlinks" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 14 • Issue 6 • June 2025</span> <div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/June 2025|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/June 2025/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div> <div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div> <div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;"> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2025/Albanian high school students at the Wikimedia Youth Conference 2025 in Prague|Albanian high school students at the Wikimedia Youth Conference 2025 in Prague]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2025/Bolivia has 20 new teachers graduated from the Let's Read Wikipedia in the Classroom program|Bolivia has 20 new teachers graduated from the Let's Read Wikipedia in the Classroom program]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2025/Brazil was present at the EduWiki Conference 2025 in Bogota|Brazil was present at the EduWiki Conference 2025 in Bogota]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2025/Does Wikipedia has future in the times of Chat-GPT|Does Wikipedia has future in the times of Chat-GPT]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2025/PhilWiki Community promotes accessible multilingual stories for children|PhilWiki Community promotes accessible multilingual stories for children]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2025/Reading and Editing Wikipedia in a Bangladeshi College|Reading and Editing Wikipedia in a Bangladeshi College]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2025/Wikimedia MKD's Workshops in June|Wikimedia MKD's Workshops in June]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2025/Wikipedia meets 2500 Ukrainian educators at the country’s biggest education festival|Wikipedia meets 2500 Ukrainian educators at the country’s biggest education festival]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 07:19, 27 June 2025 (UTC)</div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&oldid=28903832 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-27 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Queen Elizabeth University Hospital]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:QEUH.jpg|center|300px]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The '''Queen Elizabeth University Hospital''' (QEUH) is a 1,677-bed acute hospital located in Govan, in the south-west of Glasgow, Scotland. The hospital is built on the site of the former Southern General Hospital and opened at the end of April 2015. The hospital comprises a 1,109-bed adult hospital, a 256-bed children's hospital and two major Emergency Departments; one for adults and one for children. There is also an Immediate Assessment Unit for local GPs and out-of-hours services, to send patients directly, without having to be processed through the Emergency Department. The retained buildings from the former Southern General Hospital include the Maternity Unit, the Institute of Neurological Sciences, the Langlands Unit for medicine of the elderly and the laboratory. The whole facility is operated by NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, and is one of the largest acute hospital campuses in Europe. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 02:05, 30 June 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=28788623 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #686 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2025-06-30. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#685]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: ** 8-11 September: [https://openrefine.org/blog/2025/06/10/OpenRefine-2025-Barcamp OpenRefine Barcamp] - fully virtual, registrations and call for sessions are open ** [[d:Event:WikidataCon_2025|WikidataCon 2025]] returns this year on the theme of Connecting People through Linked Open Data...on the links below you can *** [[d:Special:RegisterForEvent/1340|Register to the event]] to get updates and news *** Submit now, the [https://pretalx.com/wikidatacon-2025/cfp Call for Proposals is open!] ** [https://www.hsozkult.de/event/id/event-155988 Wikidata for Jewish Studies], a hands-on Wikidata workshop at the Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur, Mainz from September 8-9, 2025. (Registration by July 18) ** [https://wikimedia.org.au/wiki/Drop_in_and_Wikidata_-_June_2025 Drop in and Wikidata] - This regular online meeting has moved to the last Thursday of every month. [https://us06web.zoom.us/j/88415120219 Join via Zoom] ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs ** [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/06/28/visualizing-knowledge-how-indonesians-turn-wikidata-into-stories-that-matter/ Visualizing Knowledge] - how Indonesians turn Wikidata into stories that matter. This article details the efforts and winners of a WM Indonesia organised 30-day competition to create cool visualizations powered through Wikidata. ** [https://www.lpi.org/blog/2025/06/25/openrefine-data-workflow-via-open-source-collaboration/ OpenRefine: Data workflow via open source collaboration] - the Linux Professional Institute interview the project manager of OR, Martin Magdinier, on the journey developing this data manipulation tool. ''' Tool of the week ''' * [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/User:Jon_Harald_S%C3%B8by/senseItemLabel.js User:Jon Harald Søby/senseItemLabel.js] What it does is that when you add a P5137 statement in a lexeme, it will let you add the lemma as a label to the item in one click, if the item doesn't have a label in that language yet, or if the label is different (very useful for case differences, for instance) ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * The [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:WikiProject_Ontology/Ontology_Course Wikidata Ontology Course] has finished its course sessions. The slides for all sessions of the course are available on the course page. Part of participating in the course was to set up a project related to the Wikidata Ontology. Current information on the projects, many of which are continuing after the end of the course is now [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:WikiProject_Ontology/Ontology_Course#Projects available]. If you are interested in one or more of the projects please follow the project, add something to its discussion page, or contribute to it. * [https://wissenschaftlichestellenangebote.com/phd-position-in-history,i18518.html PhD Position in Digital History] at the University of Luxembourg is seeking someone with experience in Wikibase and Linked Open Data. ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: ** General datatypes: none ** External identifiers: none <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: ** General datatypes: ***[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/defining Prolog formula|defining Prolog formula]] (<nowiki>Prolog rule expressing the intended logical behavior of a property, for use in ontology formalization and rule-based reasoning.</nowiki>) ***[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Codes for the administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China|Codes for the administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China]] (<nowiki>identifier for administrative divisions of People's Republic of China, published by Ministry of Civil Affairs of the People's Republic of China</nowiki>) ***[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ENTSO-E resource type|ENTSO-E resource type]] (<nowiki>ENTSO-E code for type of Power System Resource. Alias: PSR type, electrical aset type</nowiki>) ** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Film Atlas ID|Film Atlas ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/FLBB player ID|FLBB player ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/MarathonView person ID|MarathonView person ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: **[https://w.wiki/EYkW UNESCO Memory of the World International Register (now complete up to 2023)] ([[d:User:MartinPoulter/queries/memory_of_the_world|source]]) **[https://w.wiki/EZ9o Largest collections on the MoW International Register] ** [https://w.wiki/EcAw Featured and Good Articles in Korean or Chinese Wikipedia, with no English version] - [[d:Wikidata:Request_a_query#Articles_that_are_GA_or_FA_on_zh_or_ko_wiki_but_not_on_en|source]] ** [https://w.wiki/EcAy Ugandan Female Footballers] - [[d:Wikidata:Request_a_query#Query_on_Ugandan_female_Footballers|source]] * Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]]: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:WikiProject_Personal_Collections WikiProject Personal Collections] - The WikiProject Personal Collections aims to develop structured, multilingual standards and best practices for describing personal collections and archives on Wikidata. * Newest [[d:Wikidata:Database reports|database reports]]: * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: [[d:Q170599|Arctic Monkeys (Q170599)]] - English rock band * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase Lexemes]]: [[d:Lexeme:L713097|ਸਿਫ਼ਤ (L713097)]] - Punjabi noun (si-fat) meaning "praise/glorification", "virtue", or "attribute" ''' Development ''' * Wikibase REST API: We continued working on Item prefix search ([[phab:T388209]]) and started working on stemming support ([[phab:T397605]]) * Integration in Wikipedia and co: The improved edit summaries are now live on the first wikis (ca, uk, he). We are now showing the labels for linked entities instead of just their IDs ([[phab:T388685]]) * Mobile statement editing: We are continuing working on the basics of showing statements in the new way - nothing useful to see yet ([[phab:T394886]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Govdirectory/New Zealand|New Zealand]] * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[:d:User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)|Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] [[:d:User talk:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)|talk]] · [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 19:57, 30 June 2025 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=28906317 --> == Tech News: 2025-27 == <section begin="technews-2025-W27"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/27|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] has been enabled on all Wikipedias. The extension makes it easier to organize and participate in collaborative activities, like edit-a-thons and WikiProjects, on the wikis. The extension has three features: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event Center/Registration|Event Registration]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Collaboration list|Collaboration List]], and [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Invitation list|Invitation List]]. To request the extension for your wiki, visit the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status#How to Request the CampaignEvents Extension for your wiki|Deployment information page]]. '''Updates for editors''' * AbuseFilter maintainers can now [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:IPReputation/AbuseFilter variables|match against IP reputation data]] in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter|AbuseFilters]]. IP reputation data is information about the proxies and VPNs associated with the user's IP address. This data is not shown publicly and is not generated for actions performed by registered accounts. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T354599] * Hidden content that is within [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Collapsible elements|collapsible parts of wikipages]] will now be revealed when someone searches the page using the web browser's "Find in page" function (Ctrl+F or ⌘F) in supporting browsers. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T327893][https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Global_attributes/hidden#browser_compatibility] * [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] A new feature, called [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData/Template discovery|Favourite Templates]], will be deployed later this week on all projects (except English Wikipedia, which will receive the feature next week), following a piloting phase on Polish and Arabic Wikipedia, and Italian and English Wikisource. The feature will provide a better way for new and experienced contributors to recall and discover templates via the template dialog, by allowing users to put templates on a special "favourite list". The feature works with both the visual editor and the wikitext editor. The feature is a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Focus areas/Template recall and discovery|community wishlist focus area]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:31}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:31|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug was fixed that had caused some Notifications to be sent multiple times. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T397103] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.8|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/27|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W27"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 23:37, 30 June 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28917415 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-28 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Non-constituency Member of Parliament]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> A '''Non-constituency Member of Parliament''' (NCMP) is a member of an opposition political party in Singapore who, as stipulated in Article 39 of the Constitution and the Parliamentary Elections Act, is declared to have been elected a Member of Parliament (MP) without constituency representation, despite having lost in a general election, by virtue of having been one of the opposition candidates with the highest vote shares among the unelected. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 02:10, 7 July 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=28788623 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #687 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2025-067-07. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#686]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * New requests for permissions/Bot: ** [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Bot/Bovlbbot|Bovlbbot]] - Task(s): this bot request asks for admin access (or access to deleted revisions if possible) so it can move the updater task for User:Bovlb/wd-deleted. ** [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Bot/Andrebot_3|Andrebot 3]] - Task(s): Fill in historic countries for the settlements, communes, towns and cities of Romania. ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: ** New Linked Data for Libraries [[Wikidata: WikiProject LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group|LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group]] project series! Mark your calendars for our final session of our event series on the Wikidata graph split project and SPARQL skills! We will be diving into the mechanics of federated SPARQL queries and look forward to a hands-on and interactive session exploring how to use the scholarly article query service. Join us Tuesday, July 8th at 9am PT/ 12pm ET/ 16:00 UTC / 6pm CEST (Time zone converter https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1751990400). Please see our [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:WikiProject_LD4_Wikidata_Affinity_Group/Project_Series/GraphSplit project page] for more information and Zoom links. ** Hackathon announced for Wikimania 2025, Nairobi. Call for Projects is now open! Includes a ''newcomer track'' for first-time participants. Add yourself to the ''[https://wikimania.wikimedia.org/wiki/2025:Hackathon/Participants_List participants list]'' or see the ''[https://wikimania.wikimedia.org/wiki/2025:Hackathon/Resources resources page]'' for further event info. ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Press ** [https://www.theregister.com/2025/07/04/wikidata_foss_democracy Wikidata: Attempting to bridge FOSS ideals and direct democracy] - by ''The Register'', this article highlights examples of Wikidata serving and powering a growing ecosystem of FOSS projects, outside of Wikipedia. ** (Italian) [https://en.pusc.it/article/wikilib-bibliotecari-romani-e-vaticani WikiLib: Roman+Vatican Librarians compared on Wikidata] - * Blogs ** [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/06/13/preserving-indonesian-galleries-libraries-archives-and-museums-glam-assets-through-wikidata-in-glam-wiki-month/ Preserving Indonesian GLAM Assets in Wikidata] - This article documents how Indonesian users collaborated in preserving Indonesian GLAM assets by adding its metadata to Wikidata during [[m:Wikimedia Indonesia/Bulan Wiki GLAM 2025|2025 GLAM Wiki Month]] organized by Wikimedia Indonesia. * Papers ** [[:d:Q135216852|''Linking Challenges for Pseudonyms: The Studies of VIAF, ISNI, Wikidata, Meridian, and Beyond'']] by Charlene Chou * Thesis ** [[:d:Q135208119|The ''Dictionary of Italian contemporary pseudonym writers'' in Wikidata. Methodology and results]]: MA thesis (discussed on 29 May) regarding the systematic addition in Wikidata of all the nearly 500 Italian writers described in a [[:d:Q130597718|biographical dictionary]], with a first introductory part, a second part describing the editing methodology, including the [[:d:Q118455746|authority work]] done both in Wikidata and in some major authority files ([[:d:Property:P396|SBN]], [[:d:Property:P227|GND]], [[:d:Property:P269|IDREF]]) to disambiguate the main homonyms, and a third part analysing through SPARQL queries the data about these writers *** full thesis (in Italian) published in the [https://etd.adm.unipi.it/theses/available/etd-05132025-160428/ University of Pisa thesis repository]; work materials available in the [[:d:User:SaraDeMonaco/Tesi magistrale|Wikidata usersubpage]] of [[:d:User:SaraDeMonaco|Sara De Monaco]]; slides (in Italian) used in the discussion available in [[:commons:File:Presentazione Tesi Magistrale - De Monaco.pdf|Wikimedia Commons]]; related datasets available in [https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15474928 Zenodo] * Videos ** (mostly Italian, with some parts in English) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9QdTYnBPEn4 ''Wikidata & Research'' International Conference] (video of 5 June session) - held at the University of Florence 5-6 June 2025, the conference touched on role of Wikidata in academic research (cf. [[m:Wikidata_and_research|Wikidata and research]]]), building on past initiatives such as [[:d:Wikidata:Events/Wikidata Days Bologna 2024|Wikidata Days Bologna 2024]]. ** (Portuguese) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D2f3jg8LiFs How to add Wikidata-powered Infoboxes to Wikipedia] - a short tutorial video from the University of São Paolo Institute of Mathematics and Statistics. ''' Tool of the week ''' * [[d:User:Kod_B/ArchiveExternaLinks.js|User:Kod B - ArchiveExternaLinks.js]] This script automatically archives external links found in the statements of Wikidata items, in order to improve source durability and reduce the risk of broken links (link rot), similar to what already exists on Wikipedia. ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * What belongs where in the Wikibase Ecosystem? There is ongoing research to better understand what people are currently thinking about this and [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikidata@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/BUMGCMKFFNMJQVZXD4K6Z23LLBHAHCCT/ you can take part by sorting some scenarios]. * How to properly cite a Newspaper article? [[d:Wikidata:Project_chat#What's_the_right_way_to_cite_a_newspaper_article?|Project Chat discussion]]. ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: ** General datatypes: none ** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P13625|QUDT dimension ID]], [[:d:Property:P13626|istina.msu.ru journal ID]], [[:d:Property:P13627|Niedersächsische Personen ID]], [[:d:Property:P13628|Submarine Cable Map ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: ** General datatypes: ***[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/MediaWiki page revision ID|MediaWiki page revision ID]] (<nowiki>ID for a MediaWiki wiki revision, Wikimedia projects should use {{P|7569}}</nowiki>) ***[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/applies if VIN matches regular expression|applies if VIN matches regular expression]] (<nowiki>this statement is only true if the Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) of a vehicle matches this regular expression</nowiki>) ***[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Cadastral areas|Cadastral areas]] (<nowiki>List of cadastral areas of municipality</nowiki>) ***[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/settlement classification|settlement classification]] (<nowiki>settlement classification</nowiki>) ***[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Modern Shrine Ranking|Modern Shrine Ranking]] (<nowiki>Rank in the [[Q712534|Modern system of ranked Shinto Shrines]]</nowiki>) ***[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Divine Rank|Divine Rank]] (<nowiki>The [[Q11591025|Shinkai (divine rank)]] of a Shrine</nowiki>) ***[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Engishiki celebration category|Engishiki celebration category]] (<nowiki>Celebration category mentioned in the engishiki</nowiki>) ***[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Engishiki Rank|Engishiki Rank]] (<nowiki>Rank of a shrine in the Engishiki Jinmyocho.</nowiki>) ***[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Honji Buddha|Honji Buddha]] (<nowiki>Buddha that this kami is identified with</nowiki>) ***[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Suijaku Kami|Suijaku Kami]] (<nowiki>Kami that this Buddha is believed to have manifested as</nowiki>) ***[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/identifiant Generation MSX d'une société ou d'un groupe de démo|identifiant Generation MSX d'une société ou d'un groupe de démo]] (<nowiki>company or demo group identifier in the Generation MSX database of MSX videogames</nowiki>) ** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Knowledge Graph for Irish History ID|Knowledge Graph for Irish History ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/National Library of Uruguay book ID|National Library of Uruguay book ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Kokugakuin University Shrine Database ID|Kokugakuin University Shrine Database ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Observer tag|Observer tag]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Observer contributor ID|Observer contributor ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Geoguessr ID|Geoguessr ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: ** [https://w.wiki/EcBz Uganda's hydropower plants] ([https://x.com/kateregga1/status/1939789382099071298 source]) * Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]] [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Postcards|Postcards]] was created, including a list of project-specific [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Postcards/Queries|Queries]] * WikiProject Highlights: ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Govdirectory/Type_watchlist|GovDirectory]] added a Type watchlist. ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Taiwan/GLAM/Library_List|WikiProject Taiwan]] added a Library List. * Newest [[d:Wikidata:Database reports|database reports]]: [[d:Wikidata:Database_reports/Abuse_filter_effectiveness|Abuse Filter effectiveness]] * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: [[d:Q2740012|Stefan Löfven (Q2740012)]] - Swedish politician, Prime Minister of Sweden between 2014–2021 * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase Lexemes]]: [[d:Lexeme:L453737|sterk (L453737)]] - Norwegian Bokmål adjective (stæʁk) meaning "strong", "intense", or "durable" ''' Development ''' * Wikibase REST API: We finished the Item prefix search ([[phab:T388209]]). It'll go live later when we are also done with the Property prefix search. * Search: We are fixing a bug when pasting into the new search box ([[phab:T397608]]) * Mobile statement editing: We are working on basic viewing of statements ([[phab:T394886]]) - nothing useful to see yet * Dumps: There was an issue with the last dumps not being generated. The Data Platform SRE team is looking into it ([[phab:T398756]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Govdirectory/Austria|Austria]] * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[:d:User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)|Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] [[:d:User talk:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)|talk]] · [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 18:43, 7 July 2025 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=28906317 --> == Tech News: 2025-28 == <section begin="technews-2025-W28"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/28|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Temporary accounts|Temporary accounts]] have been rolled out on 18 large and medium-sized Wikipedias, including German, Japanese, French, and Chinese. Now, about 1/3 of all logged-out activity across wikis is coming from temporary accounts. Users involved in patrolling may be interested in two new documentation pages: [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/Access to IP|Access to IP]], explaining everything related to access to temporary account IP addresses, and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/Repository|Repository]] with a list of new gadgets and user scripts. '''Updates for editors''' * Anyone can play an experimental new game, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/New Engagement Experiments/WikiRun|WikiRun]], that lets you race through Wikipedia by clicking from one article to another, aiming to reach a target page in as few steps and in as little time as possible. The project's goal is to explore new ways of engaging readers. [https://wikirun-game.toolforge.org/ Try playing the game] and let the team know what you think [[mw:Talk:New Engagement Experiments/WikiRun|on the talk page]]. * Users of the Wikipedia Android app in some languages can now play the new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/TrivaGame|trivia game]]. ''Which came first?'' is a simple history game where you guess which of two events happened earlier on today's date. It was previously available as an A/B test. It is now available to all users in English, German, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Russian, Arabic, Turkish, and Chinese. The goal of the feature is to help engage with new generations of readers. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/22] * Users of the iOS Wikipedia App in some languages may see a new tabbed browsing feature that enables you to open multiple tabs while reading. This feature makes it easier to explore related topics and switch between articles. The A/B test is currently running in Arabic, English, and Japanese in selected regions. More details are available on the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS/Tabbed Browsing (Tabs)|Tabbed Browsing project page]]. * Bureaucrats on Wikimedia wikis can now use [[{{#special:VerifyOATHForUser}}]] to check if users have enabled [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Two-factor authentication|two-factor authentication]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T265726] * [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] A new feature related to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Focus areas/Template recall and discovery|Template Recall and Discovery]] will be deployed later this week to all Wikimedia projects: a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData/Template discovery#Template categories|template category browser]] will be introduced to assist users in finding templates to put in their “favourite” list. The browser will allow users to browse a list of templates which have been organised into a given category tree. The feature has been requested by the community [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Wishes/Select templates by categories|through the Community Wishlist]]. * It is now possible to access watchlist preferences from the watchlist page. Also the redundant button to edit the watchlist has been removed. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Moderator_Tools/Watchlist] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * As part of [[mw:MediaWiki_1.44|MediaWiki 1.44]] there is now a unified built-in Notifications system that makes it easier for developers to send, manage, and customize notifications. Check out the updated documentation at [[mw:Manual:Notifications|Manual:Notifications]], information about migration in [[phab:T388663|T388663]] and details on deprecated hooks in [[phab:T389624|T389624]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.9|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Event:WikidataCon 2025|WikidataCon 2025]], the conference dedicated to Wikidata is now open for [https://pretalx.com/wikidatacon-2025/cfp session proposals] and for [[d:Special:RegisterForEvent/1340|registration]]. This year's event will be held online from October 31 – November 02 and will explore on the theme of "Connecting People through Linked Open Data". '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/28|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W28"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 00:01, 8 July 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28930584 --> == ''This Month in GLAM'': June 2025 == {| style="width:100%;" | valign="top" align="center" style="border:1px gray solid; padding:1em;" | {| align="center" |- | style="text-align: center;" | [[File:This Month in GLAM logo 2018.png|350px|center|link=outreach:GLAM/Newsletter]]<br /> <hr /> <div style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; text-align:center;">[[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2025|<span style="color:darkslategray;">This Month in GLAM – Volume XV, Issue VI, June 2025</span>]]</div> <hr /><br /> |- style="text-align: center;" | <span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman;"> '''<u>Headlines</u>'''</span> |- style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; text-align:center;" | <div style="text-align:left; column-count:2; column-width:28em; vertical-align:top;"> * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2025/Contents/Australia report|Australia report]]: Celebrating Communication History and Women Artists through Wikipedia * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2025/Contents/Belgium report|Belgium report]]: Public Domain Day in Europe 2026 * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2025/Contents/Brazil report|Brazil report]]: Expanding Data on Maranhão's Heritage * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2025/Contents/Czech Republic report|Czech Republic report]]: First call of Science Month at Wikipedia in the Czech Republic wrapped-up * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2025/Contents/France report|France report]]: WiR and science&GLAM tour in France * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2025/Contents/Indonesia report|Indonesia report]]: Another publication from Grant for GLAM Indonesia program & Minangkabau Wikisource Competition upadates * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2025/Contents/Italy report|Italy report]]: Isoseismals & Icons * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2025/Contents/Kosovo report|Kosovo report]]: Celebrating Albanian Cuisine Through Photography: Winners of the 2025 Contest Announced! * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2025/Contents/Mexico report|Mexico report]]: Open Cultural Data Hackathon in Puebla * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2025/Contents/New Zealand report|New Zealand report]]: Wikifying the International Congress of History of Science and Technology; Librarians and Wikipedia; NZ species edit-a-thons * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2025/Contents/Nigeria report|Nigeria report]]: Mapping Heritage Buildings on Wikidata and Wiki Heritage Fellowship * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2025/Contents/Macedonia report|North Macedonia report]]: Wikimedia MKD Strengthens Ties with Academic Institutions: A Wikimedian-in-Residence at the Institute of Macedonian Literature * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2025/Contents/Poland report|Poland report]]: What's up in GLAM in Poland * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2025/Contents/Portugal report|Portugal report]]: Registration is now open for GLAM WikiCon 2025! * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2025/Contents/Serbia report|Serbia report]]: June highlights from Wikimedia Serbia and beginning of new accredited seminar * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2025/Contents/Switzerland report|Switzerland report]]: International Archives Week 2025; SAPA Performing Arts; GLAM Meeting Biel/Bienne * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2025/Contents/UK report|UK report]]: New Featured Pictures * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2025/Contents/USA report|USA report]]: June meetings * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2025/Contents/Biodiversity Heritage Library report|Biodiversity Heritage Library report]]: BHL Transition update, LivingData2025 and Women Genera paper * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2025/Contents/Memory of the World report|Memory of the World report]]: Data upload achieved * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2025/Contents/Wiki Knowledge Park report|Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025 report]]: Celebrating Heritage and Faith: Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025 * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2025/Contents/Events|Calendar]]: July's GLAM events </div> |- | style="font-family:Times New Roman; text-align:center; font-size:85%;" | [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter|Read this edition in full]] &bull; [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2025/Single|Single-page]] |- | valign="top" colspan="2" style="padding:0.5em; font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:center; font-size:85%;" | To assist with preparing the newsletter, please visit the [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/Newsroom|newsroom]]. Past editions may be viewed [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/Archives|here]]. |- |} |} <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:GLAM/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in GLAM'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/GLAM|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · [[:m:User:Romaine|Romaine]] 15:35, 12 July 2025 (UTC)</div> <!-- Message sent by User:Romaine@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/GLAM&oldid=28966332 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-29 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Immunolabeling]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Immunolabeling process image.png|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Immunolabeling''' is a biochemical process that enables the detection and localization of an antigen to a particular site within a cell, tissue, or organ. Antigens are organic molecules, usually proteins, capable of binding to an antibody. These antigens can be visualized using a combination of antigen-specific antibody as well as a means of detection, called a tag, that is covalently linked to the antibody <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> ---[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 13:44, 14 July 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=28945528 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #688 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2025-07-14. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#687]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * Open request for Oversight permissions: [[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Oversight/Jianhui67|Jianhui67]] (RfP scheduled to end at 27 July 2025 [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1753623000 13:28 UTC]) ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: ** The next [[d:Wikidata:Events#Office_hours|Wikidata+Wikibase office hours]] will take place on Wednesday, [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1752681600 16:00 UTC], 16th July 2025 (18:00 Berlin time) in the [https://t.me/joinchat/IeCRo0j5Uag1qR4Tk8Ftsg Wikidata Telegram group]. The Wikidata and Wikibase office hours are online events where the development team presents what they have been working on over the past quarter, and the community is welcome to ask questions and discuss important issues related to the development of Wikidata and Wikibase. ** [[m:WikiIndaba_conference_2025/Submissions|Submit Your Program Proposal for WikiIndaba 2025 by 20th July]]. Apply for a scholarship to attend the event [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdJTv68R1OPASXXDfpIl8EWiMLTM-TDwh6_5gNVvFuWccFZ2Q/viewform here]. ** Wikimania 2025 Hackathon kicks off on Tuesday, 5 August and a dedicated workspace will be available throughout the conference until Saturday, 9 August. Have a technical idea, tool, or project you want to build during the hackathon? Submit it now and start connecting with collaborators! Add your project [[m:https://wikimania.wikimedia.org/wiki/2025:Hackathon/Project_Submissions|here]]. ** WikiCite 2025 will take place from Friday 29th to Sunday 31st of August! in Bern (Switzerland) and online! See the draft program [[m:WikiCite 2025/Programme|here]]. ** [[:d:Q134520038|2025 LD4 Conference: Linked Data in the Real World]] ([https://sites.google.com/view/2025-ld4-conference/home website]; [https://2025ld4.sched.com/list/simple schedule and registration]; [https://www.youtube.com/@LD-gy6jv streaming on Youtube]), 28th-30th July 2025, virtually on Zoom; many Wikidata-related sessions: *** [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1753723800 July 28, 2025 1:30pm - 2:30pm EDT] - [https://2025ld4.sched.com/event/26eOA/has-this-been-done-before-exploring-wikidata-projects-through-diff-and-tmig-archives ''Has This Been Done Before? Exploring Wikidata Projects Through Diff and TMIG Archives''] by Silvia Gutierrez (workshop) *** [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1753808400 July 29, 2025 1:00pm - 2:00pm EDT] - [https://2025ld4.sched.com/event/26eOk/wikidata-affinity-group-introduction-to-wikidata-for-entity-management ''Wikidata Affinity Group: Introduction to Wikidata for Entity Management''] by Alex Jung, Kyla Jemison, Susan Radovsky (cf. [[:d:Wikidata:WikiProject LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group]]) *** [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1753816500 July 29, 2025 3:15pm - 3:45pm EDT] - [https://2025ld4.sched.com/event/26eOt/scholarly-profiling-in-wikidata-creating-a-knowledge-graph-for-the-seekcommons-open-science-research-network ''Scholarly profiling in Wikidata: Creating a knowledge graph for the SEEKCommons open science research network''] by Dorothy Howard *** [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1753818300 July 29, 2025 3:45pm - 3:55pm EDT] - [https://2025ld4.sched.com/event/26eOw/from-biographical-dictionary-to-linked-data ''From Biographical Dictionary to Linked Data''] by Sara De Monaco (cf. [[:d:User:SaraDeMonaco/Tesi magistrale]] and [[:d:Q135208119]]) *** [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1753818950 July 29, 2025 3:55pm - 4:05pm EDT] - [https://2025ld4.sched.com/event/26eOz/lccnbot-one-year-on-an-update ''LCCNbot one year on: an update''] by Mary Muratsubaki Campany (cf. [[:d:User:LccnBot]]) *** [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1753819500 July 29, 2025 4:05pm - 4:15pm EDT] - [https://2025ld4.sched.com/event/26eP2/supporting-access-to-cd-roms-while-using-and-contributing-to-wikidata ''Supporting access to CD-ROMs while using and contributing to Wikidata''] by Claire Fox *** [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1753820100 July 29, 2025 4:15pm - 4:25pm EDT] - [https://2025ld4.sched.com/event/26eP5/surfacing-sociotechnical-research-with-wikidata ''Surfacing Sociotechnical Research with Wikidata''] by Kathleen Burlingame *** [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1753820700 July 29, 2025 4:25pm - 4:35pm EDT] - [https://2025ld4.sched.com/event/26eP8/wikidata-workflows-with-orcid-and-openrefine-a-binghamton-university-case-study ''Wikidata Workflows with ORCID and OpenRefine: A Binghamton University Case Study''] by Sasha Frizzell *** [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1753901100 July 30, 2025 2:45pm - 4:45pm EDT] - [https://2025ld4.sched.com/event/26ePc/wiles-wikidata-lexicographical-event-semantics-modeling-for-natural-languages ''WiLES: Wikidata Lexicographical Event Semantics modeling for natural languages''] by Humza Yaqoob, Mahir Morshed (workshop) ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs ** [https://www.bigdatawire.com/2025/07/10/scaling-the-knowledge-graph-behind-wikipedia/ Scaling the Knowledge Graph Behind Wikipedia] By Alex Woodie ** [https://blog.tepapa.govt.nz/2025/07/14/the-power-and-potential-of-wikidata-for-botany/ The power and potential of Wikidata for botany] (see paper below) By Heidi Meudt * Papers ** [https://academic.oup.com/aob/advance-article/doi/10.1093/aob/mcaf062/8158086?login=false Wikidata for botanists: benefits of collaborating and sharing Linked Open Data] By Sabine et al., (2025). This study explores Wikidata as an open, multilingual knowledge base that connects botanical data across sources, and urges botanists to collaboratively enrich its content to support a broad spectrum of plant science. * Videos ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=ib-8YsJChmw Wikidata labels and descriptions] By Moore Wikimedia Community ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=z6gNKxqhyxY Wikidata Lablar Description Stockholm Archipelago trail] By Magnus Sälgö * Presentations ** [https://zenodo.org/records/15828659 How To...Wikibase?] - Senior Partner Manager, [[m:User:Christos_Varvantakis_(WMDE)|Christos Varvantakis]] has produced this set of training and educational material to get you started with Wikibase. ''' Tool of the week ''' * [https://toolsadmin.wikimedia.org/tools/id/depictions Commons Depictions] is a tool that display depictions of Wikidata items on Wikimedia Commons ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' * New General datatypes **[[:d:Property:P13631|official donation page URL]] (<nowiki>official URL for making donations to the subject</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P13632|image of cosplay]] (<nowiki>cosplay that depicts this character or person</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P13633|‎worn on]] (<nowiki>part of the body where an item of clothing, equipment, or jewelry is worn</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P13635|warranty period]] (<nowiki>warranty period of this product as covered by the original manufacturer or creator</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P13637|‎matricule number]] (<nowiki>identifier for a football club affiliated with the Royal Belgian Football Association</nowiki>) * New External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P13629|CABR-identifier]], [[:d:Property:P13630|Nederlands Film Festival person ID]], [[:d:Property:P13634|The Sun topic ID]], [[:d:Property:P13636|IMDb interest ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Cyclocross24 rider ID|Cyclocross24 rider ID]] (<nowiki>identifier for a cyclo-cross cyclist in the Cyclocross24 database</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Polyhedron net|Polyhedron net]] (<nowiki>A net of attached 2D polygon created for each polyhedron</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Kanpei or Kokuhei|Kanpei or Kokuhei]] (<nowiki></nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/file name|file name]] (<nowiki>name used for this entity in a computer file system</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Anthologia Graeca author|Anthologia Graeca author]] (<nowiki>Author number in the Anthologia Graeca Project, an online annotated edition of the [[w:Greek Anthology]]</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/langue locale dominante|langue locale dominante]] (<nowiki></nowiki>) * New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/accomplice|accomplice]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CCCA ID|CCCA ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Cover Art Archive image|Cover Art Archive image]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Athletics Podium person ID|Athletics Podium person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CESAR title ID|CESAR title ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/GaultMillau-idenficatiecode Nederland|GaultMillau-idenficatiecode Nederland]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/eFloraMEX ID|eFloraMEX ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BORIS Unibe author ID|BORIS Unibe author ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/EDBO institution code|EDBO institution code]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/OSHWA Identifier|OSHWA Identifier]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/identifiant Personnel de l'administration préfectorale depuis 1945|identifiant Personnel de l'administration préfectorale depuis 1945]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/identifiant Personnel de l'administration préfectorale au 19e siècle|identifiant Personnel de l'administration préfectorale au 19e siècle]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/The Traditional Ballad Index file name|The Traditional Ballad Index file name]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ID edizioni CoBiS LOD|ID edizioni CoBiS LOD]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SIK-ISEA person ID|SIK-ISEA person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SIK-ISEA group ID|SIK-ISEA group ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SIK-ISEA institution ID|SIK-ISEA institution ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SIK-ISEA work ID|SIK-ISEA work ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SIK-ISEA document ID|SIK-ISEA document ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/speedrun.com level ID|speedrun.com level ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Polski Petersburg encyclopedia ID (Polish version)|Polski Petersburg encyclopedia ID (Polish version)]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Polski Petersburg encyclopedia ID (Russian version)|Polski Petersburg encyclopedia ID (Russian version)]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Mizuumi Wiki article ID|Mizuumi Wiki article ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: ** [https://w.wiki/6TNS Top album languages found on Wikidata right now] [https://wikis.world/@moebeus@mastodon.online/112302638644990711 source] ** [https://w.wiki/Ej6F The names of the characters from Asterix & Obélix, in French, English, German, Latin and some other languages] ([https://wikis.world/@sukkoria@piaille.fr/114829167969170573 source]) ** [https://query-chest.toolforge.org/redirect/uAOfzguDGgAA6Ma2yseCsOOmGOOmaq8Go6sQQ6YEMWh Map the global distribution of periodicals in publication languages from the Eastern Mediterranean] (Arabic, Ottoman, Greek, Ladino, Coptic etc) ([https://wikis.world/@tillgrallert@digitalcourage.social/114819637083502934 source]) * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: [[d:Q49727|Das Erste (Q49727)]] - German public-service television channel * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase Lexemes]]: [[d:Lexeme:L5785|reference (L5785)]] - English noun/verb (ˈɹɛf.ɹəns) meaning "source citation", "supporting document", or "relationship" ''' Development ''' * Wikibase REST API: We started work on the simple Property prefix search [[phab:(T397838]]) * Mobile statement editing: We continued the work on the basics with viewing of statements ([[phab:T394886]]]) * Search: Fixed a bug when pasting into the search box ([[phab:T397608]]) * Integration in Wikipedia and co: ** We began research into current limits for collapsing entity usage. (Basically when an article uses more data from an Item than the configured limit then we consider all data on that Item to be used. This is done for infrastructure reasons.) We’d like to improve this to further reduce unnecessary Wikidata changes showing up on watchlist and recent changes on Wikipedia and co. ** We will roll out showing labels instead of IDs in Wikidata edits in watchlist and recent changes to more wikis later this week. [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Govdirectory/Chile|Chile]] * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Abdulai (WMDE)|Mohammed Abdulai (WMDE)]] [[:d:User talk:Mohammed Abdulai (WMDE)|talk]] · [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 17:09, 14 July 2025 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Abdulai (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=28983341 --> == Tech News: 2025-29 == <section begin="technews-2025-W29"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/29|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData/Template discovery#Featured templates|Featured templates]], a new feature related to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Focus areas/Template recall and discovery|Template Recall and Discovery]] will be deployed this week to all Wikimedia projects: With this feature, editors will be able to quickly access a list of templates that are likely to be useful. These templates will be displayed in a list, under the "featured" tab of the template discovery interface. Administrators can define the list via the Community Configuration interface. The feature fulfills a request by the community [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Wishes/Easy access Templates|through the Community Wishlist]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T367428][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T392896] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:31}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:31|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the request to add Malayalam fonts in the [[oldWikisource:Special:MyLanguage/Wikisource:WS Export|Wikisource Book Export Tool]] was resolved and now, the rendering of Malayalam letters in exported Wikisource books are accurate. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T374457] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.10|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * Developers, designers, and all Wikimedians are invited to [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/7953/ submit a project idea] for the Wikimania Hackathon 2025. Read [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/06/30/call-for-projects-wikimania-hackathon-2025-is-coming-to-nairobi/ this Diff blog post] for more details. '''Meetings and events''' * [[m:WikiIndaba conference 2025|WikiIndaba 2025]] scholarship application and program submission is open until 23:59 GMT on July 20. WikiIndaba is a regional conference for African Wikimedians both on the continent and in the diaspora to unite and grow together. Submit [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdJTv68R1OPASXXDfpIl8EWiMLTM-TDwh6_5gNVvFuWccFZ2Q/viewform your scholarship application] and [https://ee.kobotoolbox.org/x/BI3omIfH program proposal] now! * [https://br.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiCon_Brasil_2025 WikiCon Brasil 2025] will take place on July 19-20 in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. The Brazilian community members are encouraged to register and attend! '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/29|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W29"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 20:05, 14 July 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=28980963 --> == ''The Signpost'': 18 July 2025 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[File:WikipediaSignpostIcon.svg|40px|right]] ''News, reports and features from the English Wikipedia's newspaper''</div> <div style="column-count:2;"> * News and notes: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-07-18/News and notes|Is no WikiNews good WikiNews? — Election season returns!]] * In the media: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-07-18/In the media|How bad (or good) is Wikipedia?]] * WikiProject report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-07-18/WikiProject report|WikiProject Medicine reaches milestone of zero unreferenced articles]] * In focus: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-07-18/In focus|Wikimania 2025: Connecting Wikimedians across the world for 20 years]] * Recent research: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-07-18/Recent research|Knowledge manipulation on Russia's Wikipedia fork; Marxist critique of Wikidata license; call to analyze power relations of Wikipedia]] * News from the WMF: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-07-18/News from the WMF|Form 990 released for the Wikimedia Foundation’s fiscal year 2023-2024]] * Discussion report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-07-18/Discussion report|Six thousand noticeboard discussions in 2025 electrically winnowed down to a hundred]] * Comix: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-07-18/Comix|Divorce]] * Opinion: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-07-18/Opinion|Women are somewhat under-represented on the English-language Wikipedia, and other observations from analysis]] * Community view: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-07-18/Community view|A Deep Dive Into Wikimedia (part 4): The Future Of Wikimedia and Conclusion]] * Obituary: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-07-18/Obituary|Pvmoutside, Atomicjohn, Rdmoore6, Jaknouse, Morven, Martin of Sheffield, MarnetteD, Herewhy, BabelStone]] * Traffic report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-07-18/Traffic report|God only knows]] * Humour: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-07-18/Humour|New forum created for people who don't care about Wikipedia]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost|Read this Signpost in full]]''' · [[w:en:Wikipedia:Signpost/Single|Single-page]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Signpost|Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] 07:53, 18 July 2025 (UTC) <!-- Sent via script ([[w:en:User:JPxG/SPS]]) --></div> <!-- Message sent by User:JPxG@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Signpost&oldid=28903822 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-30 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Vespa analis]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Plumpy hornet on the ground - 1.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''''Vespa analis''''', the yellow-vented hornet, is a species of common hornet found in Southeast Asia <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 01:28, 21 July 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=28984647 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #689 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2025-07-21. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#688]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming]]: ** [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeSyLv6rBOgxzPR8DmZ0QZNPr-wQJLs0uI8t2MyuBuTj4HTpA/viewform Wikimedia and Open Knowledge Conference (survey)] is being planned for 2026 in Poland. This event is to focus on research carried out on or with Wikidata and Wikipedia. Your opinion is wanted! Please fill out the Google Forms survey to help the organisation committee plan. Also available in [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSc83qVh7W5QWzNUW8Cg9fL549RNS-s7Qut-UCE84N1OpoQwqw/viewform?usp=sharing&ouid=116673720641417865807 Polish] and [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScMdwZ-aPhckKBoT6LNlS5ukVUCqdq8pI0o3nQNjjJR5798GA/viewform?usp=header Ukrainian]. ** Wikimania [[wikimania:2025:Program|2025 Program]] is Live! This is also the time to add your Wikidata meetups. Please start marking your preferred Wikimania sessions (⭐/like) and mark to your mobile apps or calendars. If you are joining online to watch live stream and use the interactive features, please register on eventyay through wikimania.org ([https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikimedia-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/6HQZ6BJ6SESOOBRWHYVHCNJX4LXXZP24/ source]) * Past: Missed the Q3 Wikidata+Wikibase office hour? You can catch up by reading the session log here: [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events/Telegram office hour 2025-07-16|2025-07-15 (Q3 2025)]] ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Papers: [https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article/41/Supplement_1/i12/8199389 An educator framework for organizing Wikipedia editathons for computational biology] (uses Wikidata to power the [https://compbio-on-wiki.toolforge.org/ compbio-on-wiki.toolforge.org/] tool) ''' Tool of the week ''' * [https://wikinity.toolforge.org/ Wikinity] A tool allowing you to find (un)photographed objects, so you can take a picture of them and send it to Wikidata. The tool was created By Martin Urbanec ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * The Call for Papers is now open for the Journal of Open Humanities Data special collection: "Wikidata across the Humanities: datasets, methodologies, reuse." This editorial will explore how Wikidata is transforming research and collaboration in the humanities. If you're working on a relevant project, submit your proposal [https://openhumanitiesdata.metajnl.com/collections/wikidata_across_the_humanities here] * What belongs where in the Wikibase Ecosystem? There is ongoing research to better understand what people are currently thinking about this and [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikidata@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/BUMGCMKFFNMJQVZXD4K6Z23LLBHAHCCT/ you can take part by sorting some scenarios]. *Wikimedia Deutschland is inviting further feedback on the Mobile Editing Experience [https://www.figma.com/proto/IdZ6rdm8FqDuLYIfQTvEer/ALICE-meets-MEX?page-id=0%3A1&node-id=3-9092&viewport=-14617%2C-894%2C0.76&t=jFYlzZdmBq4NcDU2-1&scaling=min-zoom&content-scaling=fixed prototype] (currently just a design file so not everything is clickable). Please follow the instructions below and share your thoughts at [[d:Wikidata talk:Usability and usefulness/Item editing experience/Mobile editing of statements|Wikidata talk:Usability and usefulness/Item editing experience/Mobile editing of statements]]: ** Add "business woman" as an occupation ** Add a start date to the relationship with A$AP Rocky and provide a reference ** Find the place of birth (Saint Michael) and open that page ** Add the coordinate location for Saint Michael ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> *New General datatypes: **[[:d:Property:P13637|‎matricule number]] (<nowiki>identifier for a football club affiliated with the Royal Belgian Football Association</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P13638|‎settlement classification]] (<nowiki>type of settlement according to a topographical classification</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P13642|Polyhedron net]] (<nowiki>a net of attached 2D polygon created for each polyhedron</nowiki>) * New External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P13639|National Library of Uruguay book ID]], [[:d:Property:P13640|The Jerusalem Post topic ID]], [[:d:Property:P13641|Physicians of Georgia Biographical Dictionary ID]], [[:d:Property:P13643|eFloraMEX ID]], [[:d:Property:P13644|Theatre museums of Russia person ID]], [[:d:Property:P13645|Georgian Athletes Biographical Dictionary ID]], [[:d:Property:P13646|Georgian Winemakers ID]], [[:d:Property:P13647|Ukrainian Book of Remembrance person ID]], [[:d:Property:P13648|BORIS Portal Unibe ID]], [[:d:Property:P13649|Society for the Promotion of Literacy among Georgians Members ID]], [[:d:Property:P13650|Deaf Movie Database title ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/identifiant Generation MSX d'un matériel|identifiant Generation MSX d'un matériel]] (<nowiki>hardware identifier in the Generation MSX database of MSX videogames</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Polish Taxpayer Identification Number|Polish Taxpayer Identification Number]] (<nowiki>an identifier for an entity paying taxes in Poland</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/official roster page|official roster page]] (<nowiki>URL of a team's official page about this player</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/transistor density|transistor density]] (<nowiki>density of transistors for classifying the complexity of discrete circuits</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Historische Bildpostkarten Universität Osnabrück - Entities|Historische Bildpostkarten Universität Osnabrück - Entities]] (<nowiki>Identificator for persons and publishers of historical picture postcards</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/grave|grave]] (<nowiki>grave of a person</nowiki>) * New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/fanlore article id|fanlore article id]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Afrikaregisteret ID|Afrikaregisteret ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Hong Kong company ID|Hong Kong company ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/California Entity Number|California Entity Number]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Macanese company ID|Macanese company ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Corporation Number in Canada|Corporation Number in Canada]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/QCC Code|QCC Code]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Cyprus company ID|Cyprus company ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Malta company ID|Malta company ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/GEMI Number|GEMI Number]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CUIT|CUIT]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Jamaica company ID|Jamaica company ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SEC Number|SEC Number]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Mã số doanh nghiệp|Mã số doanh nghiệp]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/movieID|movieID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Thailand company ID|Thailand company ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/PCPartPicker chipset ID|PCPartPicker chipset ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/gosfilmofond.ru ID|gosfilmofond.ru ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Directorio de museos del Sistema de Información Cultural|Directorio de museos del Sistema de Información Cultural]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Burmese company ID|Burmese company ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Cambodian company ID|Cambodian company ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Georgian Encyclopedia ID|Georgian Encyclopedia ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Vintagepostcards-Archive-ID|Vintagepostcards-Archive-ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/MacPorts port|MacPorts port]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Berardi Arte artist ID|Berardi Arte artist ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Adult Film Database director ID|Adult Film Database director ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Elonet company ID|Elonet company ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/dvdcompare.net film id|dvdcompare.net film id]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SpaceReference.org celestial object ID|SpaceReference.org celestial object ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/English solicitors ID|English solicitors ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Deaf Movie Database person ID|Deaf Movie Database person ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: ** Mathematical formulae containing HTML escapes https://w.wiki/EoeL] ** [https://w.wiki/9Ygr Most frequent objects depicted on coats of arms] ([https://wikis.world/@kvistgaard@vivaldi.net/112162949851779659 source]) * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: [[d:Q1140439|Finding Forrester (Q1140439)]] - 2000 film directed by Gus Van Sant * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase Lexemes]]: [[d:Lexeme:L1372236|Września (L1372236)]] - Polish proper noun (ˈvʐɛɕ.ɲa) meaning "September (month)", "town in Greater Poland", or "village in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship" ''' Development ''' * Wikibase REST API: We have enabled the new Item Prefix Search endpoint on wikidata. You can try it out now with a call like this: https://www.wikidata.org/w/rest.php/wikibase/v0/suggest/items?language=en&q=potat If you have feedback please leave it at [[d:Wikidata talk:REST API feedback round|Wikidata talk:REST API feedback round]] * Additional APIs: We are looking a bit more into GraphQL and what it could offer to make programmatic access to Wikidata's data better. * Wikidata integration in the Wikimedia projects: We enabled showing the labels of entities in edit summaries in recent changes and watchlist. Now you no longer have to click to get to Wikidata and check what is behind a mystery ID in an edit summary coming from Wikidata. * Mobile statement editing: We are working on formatting references, qualifiers, various data types and multiple statements for one property. We are planning to enable the new mobile UI on Beta Wikidata soon. Important: For now it is a read-only UI, as we have not started to implement editing yet, and some data types won’t have the correct appearance yet. [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Govdirectory/Vietnam|Vietnam]] * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Current issue]]· [[:d:User:JosefAnthony|JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] .[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 16:01, 21 July 2025 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=29005317 --> == Tech News: 2025-30 == <section begin="technews-2025-W30"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/30|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The Translation Suggestions feature in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation|Content Translation tool]] now has another level of article filters added to the "[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&filter-type=automatic&filter-id=previous-edits&active-list=suggestions&from=en&to=fi#/ ... More]" category. Translators who use the Suggestions feature can now select and receive article suggestions that are customized to geographical locations of their interest using the new "{{int:Cx-sx-suggestions-filters-tab-regions}}" filter. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T113257] * Administrators can now limit "Add a Link" to newcomers. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|"Add a Link"]] Structured Task [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Constructive activation experimentation#Enwiki A/B test & "Add a Link" Improvements (Wiki Experiences 1.2.11 & 1.2.16)|helps new account holders start editing]], but some communities have requested the ability to restrict it to its intended audience: newcomers. Administrators can configure this setting within the [[Special:CommunityConfiguration/GrowthSuggestedEdits|Community Configuration]] feature. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:29}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:29|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * For AbuseFilter editors on [[phab:T392144|some wikis]], it is now possible to filter edits based on the RevertRisk score of the edit being attempted. It is only populated if the action being evaluated is an edit. For more information, please see the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:ORES/AbuseFilter variables#What variables are available for use|ORES/AbuseFilter variables]] documentation. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Beta Cluster|Beta Cluster]] wikis have [[listarchive:list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/YDABPV75LADRQCXMJAFWUP256N4EQ25B/|been moved]] from <code dir=ltr>beta.wmflabs.org</code> to <code dir=ltr>beta.wmcloud.org</code>. Users may need to update URLs in any tools, or in their password managers. Any related issues can be [[phab:T289318|reported in the task]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.11|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WikiCite 2025|WikiCite 2025]] will take place from 29–31 August, both online and in-person in Bern, Switzerland. The event's goals are to reconnect communities, institutions, and individuals working with open citations, bibliographic data, and the Wikidata/Wikibase ecosystem. Registration is open and the call for proposals will be announced soon. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikidata@lists.wikimedia.org/message/KQZUG3ETKLBWPBYSB2YAWZIRPWHS24TG/] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/30|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W30"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 23:38, 21 July 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29005283 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-31 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Fernando de Noronha Marine National Park]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:pt:Parque Nacional Marinho de Fernando de Noronha]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Baía dos Porcos - Fernando de Noronha (32811749914).jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Fernando de Noronha Marine National Park''' (Portuguese: Parque Nacional Marinho de Fernando de Noronha) is a national park in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 01:40, 28 July 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29047614 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #690 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2025-07-28. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#689]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * Open request for adminship: [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Administrator/Aqurs1|Aqurs1]] (RfP scheduled to end after 31 July 2025 16:35 UTC) * New requests for permissions/Bot: [[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Bot/THEbotIT 3|THEbotIT 3]] - New functional aspect to automatic creation of items describing the articles of [[:w:de:Paulys Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft|Paulys Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft]] (RE). We want to model now the articles, which amends the main articles, as those information where suppressed so far. ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: ** Wikidata's 13th birthday decentralized events will take place in October and November 2025. Feel free to browse [[d:Wikidata:Thirteenth Birthday|the documentation pages]] to learn how to organize an event in your area, get funding, and get in touch with other organizers. Help translate the documentation pages into your language. ** [[d:Q134950534|COSCUP 2025 (Q134950534)]] OpenStreetMap x Wikidata Track will be held at [[d:Q699543|National Taiwan University of Science and Technology (Q699543)]] on August 9-10. ** [[wikimania:2025|Wikimania]] starts next week August 6 through August 9. Check out the Wikidata related session in the [[wikimania:2025:Wikimania/Program|program]] and start marking your preferred Wikimania sessions (⭐/like) on your mobile apps or calendars. If you are joining online to watch live stream and use the interactive features, please register on eventyay through wikimania.org. Note also the Wikidata meetups organised outside the official conference hours. * Past: WikiCon Brasil 2025 happened in person in [[d:Q36947|Salvador (Q36947)]] including a [[wmbr:WikiCon_Brasil_2025/Programa/Tecnologia|technical session with two Wikidata-focused presentations]] (in Portuguese) ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs: ** [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/07/23/making-question-answering-systems-smarter-with-knowledge-graphs-using-frog-a-wikidata-research-fund-2024-highlight/ Making Question-Answering Systems Smarter with Knowledge Graphs Using FrOG: A Wikidata Research Fund 2024 Highlight] - How can large language models become more accurate using structured knowledge? A research team from Universitas Indonesia and WU Vienna explored this through FrOG, a framework that integrates Wikidata into question-answering language model. This research is supported by Wikimedia Indonesia through the [[m:Wikimedia Indonesia/Hibah Riset Wikidata 2024|Wikidata Research Fund 2024]] program. ** [https://www.techradar.com/pro/wikidatas-next-leap-the-open-database-powering-tomorrows-ai-and-wikipedia Wikidata’s next leap: the open database powering tomorrow’s AI and Wikipedia] By Lydia Pintscher * Presentations: [https://zenodo.org/records/15609570 O herbário da Universidade de Coimbra na Wikidata] (Using Wikidata in Natural History Collection Management, in Portuguese) * Papers: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40695850/ Wiki-Quantities and Wiki-Measurements: Datasets of quantities and their measurement context from Wikipedia] - Researchers developed two large, validated datasets; Wiki-Quantities and Wiki-Measurements, from Wikipedia and Wikidata to improve automated extraction of quantitative data and its context using natural language processing techniques. By Göpfert et al., (2025) * Videos: [https://m.youtube.com/shorts/MXQBNG4Wjgk Wikidata:The shadow power behind Wikipedia and AI] ''' Tool of the week ''' *[https://flashbackfiesta.app/ Flashback Fiesta] - is a trivia game that challenges players to guess the year of historical events using data from Wikidata. ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * The [[:d:Wikidata:WikiProject Personal Pronouns|Wikidata:WikiProject Personal Pronouns]] drafted a new [[:d:Wikidata:Personal pronouns|Wikidata Personal Pronouns Policy]], using [[:d:Wikidata:Requests for comment/Pronouns P6553|this recent RFC]] as a basis. It's the first time a policy on this topic has been proposed, and the [[:d:Wikidata:Living people|Wikidata Living People Policy]] served as a reference. Feedback is encouraged and appreciated. * The modeling of [[:d:Q397610|agrégation]] ("the most competitive and prestigious examination for civil service in the French public education system" according to [[:w:en:Agrégation]]) has been reviewed in various aspects: a summary is available in [[:d:Talk:Q397610#Modeling agrégation]]. Suggestions are welcome. *Wikimedia Deutschland is inviting further feedback on the Mobile Editing Experience [https://www.figma.com/proto/IdZ6rdm8FqDuLYIfQTvEer/ALICE-meets-MEX?page-id=0%3A1&node-id=3-9092&viewport=-14617%2C-894%2C0.76&t=jFYlzZdmBq4NcDU2-1&scaling=min-zoom&content-scaling=fixed prototype] (currently just a design file so not everything is clickable). Please follow the instructions below and share your thoughts at [[d:Wikidata talk:Usability and usefulness/Item editing experience/Mobile editing of statements|Wikidata talk:Usability and usefulness/Item editing experience/Mobile editing of statements]]: ** Add "business woman" as an occupation ** Add a start date to the relationship with A$AP Rocky and provide a reference ** Find the place of birth (Saint Michael) and open that page ** Add the coordinate location for Saint Michael ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P13668|‎operating cost]] (<nowiki>estimated or average ongoing recurring cost for operating or using an object</nowiki>) *New External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P13651|Ukrainian Memorial person ID]], [[:d:Property:P13652|Portal of united hromadas of Ukraine ID]], [[:d:Property:P13653|Portal Decentralization hromada ID]], [[:d:Property:P13654|Facebook image ID]], [[:d:Property:P13655|archieven.nl creator ID]], [[:d:Property:P13656|‎Elonet company ID]], [[:d:Property:P13657|Embryo Project Encyclopedia ID]], [[:d:Property:P13658|‎Film Atlas ID]], [[:d:Property:P13659|Klimadashboard.de region ID]], [[:d:Property:P13660|‎Knowledge Graph for Irish History person ID]], [[:d:Property:P13661|myCast person or character ID]], [[:d:Property:P13662|‎nasljerseys.com player ID]], [[:d:Property:P13663|‎speedrun.com level ID]], [[:d:Property:P13664|‎FBref competition ID]], [[:d:Property:P13665|‎FBref match ID]], [[:d:Property:P13666|‎parlament.fyi person ID]], [[:d:Property:P13667|Swimcloud swimmer ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> *New General datatypes property proposals to review: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/organizational chart|organizational chart]] (<nowiki>image that displays the structure of this organization or government agency and the relationships and relative ranks of it's parts and positions/jobs</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Source Shrine|Source Shrine]] (<nowiki>The shrine that the gods of this shinto shrine came from through Bunrei and Kanjo</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/botanical photographs|botanical photographs]] (<nowiki>a distinctive image of a flower, inflorescence, or a similar reproductive structure for this taxon</nowiki>) *New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Deaf Movie Database language ID|Deaf Movie Database language ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Deaf Movie Database genre ID|Deaf Movie Database genre ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Deaf Movie Database country ID|Deaf Movie Database country ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Swiss Films person ID|Swiss Films person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/My Abandonware company|My Abandonware company]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Encyclopedia of Indianapolis ID|Encyclopedia of Indianapolis ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Database dei fondi musicali toscani ID|Database dei fondi musicali toscani ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/NeoDB Movie ID|NeoDB Movie ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Serbian settlement ID|Serbian settlement ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/c64.cz game ID|c64.cz game ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/NuGet package|NuGet package]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Swiss Films company ID|Swiss Films company ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: ** [https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/wikidata/Bc3bpD?exec=true Church buildings in Sweden on OpenStreetMap with links to Wikidata, but without the inverse link]. ** [https://w.wiki/EsMN Tennis tournament titles won by specific player] ([[Wikidata:Request_a_query#Tennis tournament titles won by specific player|source]]) ** [https://w.wiki/EsMS BarChart of chemical compound identifiers in Wikidata] ([https://wikis.world/@egonw@social.edu.nl/114918734141640378 source]) * WikiProject Highlights: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:WikiProject_Sweden WikiProject Sweden] - A project to centralize, expand, and translate Sweden-related data on Wikidata while supporting the Swedish contributor community. * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: [[d:Q43361|Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (Q43361)]] - 1997 novel by J. K. Rowling * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase Lexemes]]:[[d:Lexeme:L9436|ножницы (L9436)]] - Russian noun (nɐˈʐnʲitsɨ) meaning "cutting tool", "window hardware mechanism", or "ski position with split tips" ''' Development ''' * Mobile statement editing: ** We finished a first version of formatting references ([[phab:T396098]]); qualifiers ([[phab:T396099]]); various data types ([[phab:T394888]], [[phab:T394890]], [[phab:T394904]], [[phab:T394907]]); and multiple statements for one property ([[phab:T396637]]) ** We enabled the new mobile editing experience on [https://www.wikidata.beta.wmcloud.org beta Wikidata] so you can now try the very rough version there and follow along with development * Wikibase REST API: We finished the simple Property prefix search endpoint and it will go live in the next days ([[phab:T397838]]) * Additional APIs: We are working on a prototype for GraphQL to see if that is a going to be helpful for accessing Wikidata's data ([[phab:T399452]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Govdirectory/Kenya|Kenya]] * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:JosefAnthony|JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] ·''' [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 14:55, 28 July 2025 (UTC) </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=29051444 --> == Tech News: 2025-31 == <section begin="technews-2025-W31"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/31|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The Community Tech team will be focusing on wishes related to Watchlists and Recent Changes pages, over the next few months. They are looking for feedback. Please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Updates#July 24, 2025: Watchlists and Recent Changes pages|read the latest update]], and if you have ideas, please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist|submit a wish]] on the topic. '''Updates for editors''' * The Wikimedia Commons community has decided to block [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Upload dialog|cross-wiki uploads]] to Wikimedia Commons, for all users without autoconfirmed rights on that wiki, starting on August 16. This is because of [[:c:Commons:Cross-wiki media upload tool/History|widespread problems]] related to files that are uploaded by newcomers. Users who are affected by this will get an error message with a link to the less restrictive UploadWizard on Commons. Please help translating the [[:c:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki:Abusefilter-disallowed-cross-wiki-upload|message]] or give feedback on the message text. Please also update your local help pages to explain this restriction. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370598] * On wikis with temporary accounts enabled and Meta-Wiki, administrators may now set up a footer for the Special:Contributions pages of temporary accounts, similar to those which can be shown on IP and user-account pages. They may do it by creating the page named <code dir=ltr>MediaWiki:Sp-contributions-footer-temp</code>. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398347] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.12|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * [[wmania:Special:MyLanguage/2025:Wikimania|Wikimania 2025]] will run from August 6–9. The [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/schedule/ program is available] for you to plan which sessions you want to attend. Most sessions will be live-streamed, with exceptions for those that show the "no camera" icon. If you are joining online to watch live-streams and use the interactive features, please [[wmania:Special:MyLanguage/2025:Registration|register]] for a free virtual ticket. For example, you may be interested in technical sessions such as: ** [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/KFEFVG/ Temporary Accounts: Enhancing privacy for our unregistered editors] ** [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/TVCVAB/ Building a Sustainable Future for Wikimedia Contributors] ** [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/WTRQCJ/ A dozen visions for wikitext!] ** [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/8YKKP9/ Coordinate Across Stakeholders with the Product and Technology Advisory Council] * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Fall 2025|MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference, Fall 2025]] will be held 28–30 October 2025 in Hanover, Germany. This event is organized by and for the third-party MediaWiki community. You can propose sessions and register to attend. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/31|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W31"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 00:22, 29 July 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29051727 --> == This Month in Education: July 2025 == <div class="plainlinks" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 14 • Issue 7 • July 2025</span> <div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/July 2025|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/July 2025/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div> <div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div> <div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;"> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2025/Crafting Impactful Education Newsletters: Shared Insights from EduWiki 2025|Crafting Impactful Education Newsletters: Shared Insights from EduWiki 2025]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2025/Educational Outreach with Youth Centers in Albania|Educational Outreach with Youth Centers in Albania]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2025/Discussing educational resources at WikiCon Brasil 2025|Discussing educational resources at WikiCon Brasil 2025]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2025/Enhancing Mobile-Friendly Contribution in Wikimedia Education Programs|Enhancing Mobile-Friendly Contribution in Wikimedia Education Programs]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2025/The second semester of Leamos Wikipedia begins in Bolivia with challenges and learning|The second semester of Leamos Wikipedia begins in Bolivia with challenges and learning]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2025/When Travel Fails, Learning Continues: A Reflection from EduWiki 2025 |When Travel Fails, Learning Continues: A Reflection from EduWiki 2025]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2025/Wiki club in Kumanovo - the newest Wiki club of Wikimedia MKD|Wiki club in Kumanovo - the newest Wiki club of Wikimedia MKD]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2025/Jaroslav Mašek: How KISK FF MU students used AI to write Wikipedia|Jaroslav Mašek: How KISK FF MU students used AI to write Wikipedia]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2025/Various programmes up and rolling with Charles University Prague|Various programmes up and rolling with Charles University Prague]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 03:00, 1 August 2025 (UTC)</div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&oldid=29005310 --> == Wikimedia CEE Newsletter – August 2025 == Dear CEE Community, We’re happy to share with you the '''[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/CEE/Newsletter/August_2025 August edition of the CEE Newsletter]'''! In this issue: * Read how the CEE Hub is supporting the region and preparing for the next meetings * Celebrate 22 years of Romanian Wikipedia and 10 years of the Albanian Language User Group * Discover the winning photos from the Albanian cuisine contest * Learn how CEE Spring 2025 gathered over 10,000 articles * Find out how communities marked World Refugee Day and Francophonie Month * And much more – from Thessaloniki to Kırklareli! Read the full newsletter '''[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/CEE/Newsletter/August_2025 here]'''. Happy reading! On behalf of the CEE Newsletter team, --[[user:janbery|janbery]] ([[user talk:janbery|talk]]) 14:06, 1 August 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Janbery@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/CEE&oldid=29008937 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-32 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Xie Zhiliu]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Xie Zhiliu''' (Chinese: 谢稚柳; 1910–1997) was a leading traditional painter, calligrapher, and art connoisseur of modern China. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 01:21, 4 August 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29077280 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #691 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2025-08-04. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#690]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * Closed request for adminship: [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Administrator/Aqurs1|Aqurs1]] - closed as successful. Welcome onbaord \o/ * Other: [[d:Wikidata:Project_chat#Suggestion_for_splitting_out_the_WikiCite_graph_to_another_wikibase|Suggestion for splitting out the WikiCite graph to another wikibase]] ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: ** Wikimania begins this week (August 6-9). Check out the Wikidata sessions and meetups in the [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/schedule/ event schedule] and mark them in your calander. ** New Linked Data for Libraries [[d:Wikidata: WikiProject LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group|LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group]] project series: Join the second session in our Intro to Wikidata/EMCO series. It will be focused on gadgets and user scripts that enhance Wikidata editing. We'll demo useful tools and invite you to share your favorites too! 🗓️ Tuesday, August 5 🕘 [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1754409600 9am PT / 12pm ET / 16:00 UTC / 6pm CEST] ℹ️ More info & Zoom link: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_LD4_Wikidata_Affinity_Group/Project_Series/IntroEMCO|Project page]] ** OpenStreetMap X Wikidata Meetup #79 August 9 Time: 19:30-21:00 UTC+8 at [[d:Q61752245| Mozilla Community Space Taipei (Q61752245)]]. ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs **[https://addshore.com/2025/07/wikimedia-commons-depicts-statements-over-time/ Wikimedia Commons Depicts statements over time] - Looking at the user of Wikidata Items to show that Wikimedia commons images depict, since the structured data on commons feature was originally turned on. Roads currently come out on top! By Adshore ** [https://blog.johl.io/mimi-sisema-kiswahili-lakini-ninapenda-data/ Mimi sisema Kiswahili, lakini ninapenda data] (I don’t speak Swahili, but I love data). By Jens Ohlig ** [https://itbrief.asia/story/wikimedia-project-boosts-software-for-endangered-languages-worldwide Wikimedia project boosts software for endangered languages worldwide] * Videos: Ongoing Wikidata sessions at the LD4 2025 events. ([https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fVmjHDhS-Fc&list=PLx2ZluWEZtIDTHevbzOScn1mz8-9ITTLL playlist]) ''' Tool of the week ''' *[https://whopaintedthis.toolforge.org/ Who Painted this] - is a tool developed by Francesco Negri. The tool is a game that let's you guess who created a painting, using data from Wikidata. ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * If you are using Wikidata's APIs please be aware that the existing user agent policy will be enforced more strictly going forward. Please make sure your application sets a proper user agent. More details are in [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/APW6FQBGIVLCEN7WZ65D4NVZ6XQIWGCW/ this announcement]. ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> *New General datatypes: **[[:d:Property:P13668|‎operating cost]] (<nowiki>estimated or average ongoing recurring cost for operating or using an object</nowiki>) * New External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P13669|‎UK Mutual Registration Number]], [[:d:Property:P13670|Scientific heritage of Russia person ID]], [[:d:Property:P13671|Reabilitovani istoriyeyu person ID]], [[:d:Property:P13672|L'Expression topic ID]], [[:d:Property:P13673|Memorial Platform person ID]], [[:d:Property:P13674|‎SIK-ISEA institution ID]], [[:d:Property:P13675|‎SIK-ISEA person ID]], [[:d:Property:P13676|‎SIK-ISEA work ID]], [[:d:Property:P13677|Kokugakuin University Digital Museum entry ID]], [[:d:Property:P13678|‎FLBB player ID]], [[:d:Property:P13679|Russian Cycling Federation person ID]], [[:d:Property:P13680|Geoguessr ID]], [[:d:Property:P13681|R-Sport team ID]], [[:d:Property:P13682|‎OSHWA identifier]], [[:d:Property:P13683|Personnel de l'administration préfectorale au 19e siècle ID]], [[:d:Property:P13685|Generation MSX hardware ID]], [[:d:Property:P13686|Generation MSX company or demo group ID]], [[:d:Property:P13687|‎Fanlore article ID]], [[:d:Property:P13688|MarathonView person ID]], [[:d:Property:P13689|‎Anthologia Graeca author ID]], [[:d:Property:P13690|Museum ID from Mexico SIC directory of museums]], [[:d:Property:P13691|Georgian Encyclopedia ID]], [[:d:Property:P13692|CoBiS LOD book ID]], [[:d:Property:P13693|‎c64.cz game ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/DuckDuckGo bang|DuckDuckGo bang]] (<nowiki>Identifier for use of DuckDuckGo bang shortcut, do not prefix with "!"</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/algebraic closure|algebraic closure]] (<nowiki>abgebraic closure of this field</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/value of this characteristic|value of this characteristic]] (<nowiki>non-numeric value of this characteristic applied to this mathematical object</nowiki>) * New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/National Library of Nigeria ID|National Library of Nigeria ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Identifiant d'un(e) auteur(ice) dans le catalogue de la médiathèque de Sceaux|Identifiant d'un(e) auteur(ice) dans le catalogue de la médiathèque de Sceaux]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Parabra pal Dicionariu Extremeñu de Juan Kam|Parabra pal Dicionariu Extremeñu de Juan Kam]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/EASIN ID|EASIN ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/A Dictionary of Genetics entry ID|A Dictionary of Genetics entry ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/TEQSA Provider ID|TEQSA Provider ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/TEQSA Course ID|TEQSA Course ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Registered Training Organisation code|Registered Training Organisation code]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Identifiant d'un mémoire dans XIXe siècle en mémoires|Identifiant d'un mémoire dans XIXe siècle en mémoires]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Episodes.fm ID|Episodes.fm ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ A Dictionary of Sports Studies entry ID| A Dictionary of Sports Studies entry ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Open Science Thesaurus ID|Open Science Thesaurus ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Dictionary of American Family Names ID|Dictionary of American Family Names ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: ** [https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/osm-planet/J9BO8v?exec=true Railway crossing waterways in Norway with associated bridges]. ** [https://query-chest.toolforge.org/redirect/8d9jpdjE3Mcsc66SIS8GQqYK2YYgYOsm2myy2Oma00R Chart of the nominal outputs of Uganda's hydro-power plants] ([https://x.com/kateregga1/status/1939789382099071298 source]) ** [https://w.wiki/Eoya You have a Wikidata item with few sources? Check the references of all other items linking to that Item] ([https://bsky.app/profile/magnusmanske.wikis.world.ap.brid.gy/post/3lujyuegowp32 source]) * WikiProject Highlights: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject sum of all paintings|Sum of all paintings]] - goal is to have a Wikidata Item for every notable painting. * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: [[d:Q104454|Mario Götze (Q104454)]] - German association football player * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase Lexemes]]: [[d:Lexeme:L1216630|Śrem (L1216630)]] - Polish proper noun (ɕrɛm) meaning "town in Greater Poland", "rural-urban municipality", or "village in Lower Silesia" ''' Development ''' * We made progress on figuring out how to make maps on mobile work well with Kartographer ([[phab:T394906]]) * Lydia and Mohammed are attending Wikimania. We are looking forward to seeing some of you there. [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Govdirectory/Kenya|Kenya]] * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Abdulai (WMDE)|Mohammed Abdulai (WMDE)]] [[:d:User talk:Mohammed Abdulai (WMDE)|talk]] · [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 17:02, 4 August 2025 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Abdulai (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=29074255 --> == Tech News: 2025-32 == <section begin="technews-2025-W32"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/32|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * Editors can now enable the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Anti-abuse signals/User Info|User Info card]]. This feature adds an icon next to usernames on history pages and similar user-contribution log pages. When you tap or click on the icon, it displays data related to that user account such as the number of edits, reverted edits, blocks, and more. It's part of a broader project to make it easier for moderators to evaluate account trustworthiness. The feature can be enabled in [[testwiki:Special:GlobalPreferences#mw-prefsection-rendering|your global preferences]], and later this week it will be available in local preferences. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T386439] * Everybody is invited to share comments on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Collaborative contributions|Collaborative Contributions]], a project recently launched by the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Connection Team|Connection team]]. The project aims to create a new way to display the impact of collaborative editing activities (such as edit-a-thons, backlog drives, and WikiProjects) on the wikis. Post your comments on the [[m:Talk:CampaignEvents/Collaborative contributions|project talk page]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T378035] * Administrators can now define the default block duration for temporary accounts. To do that, they need to create a page named <code dir=ltr>MediaWiki:Ipb-default-expiry-temporary-account</code> and use a value defined in <code dir=ltr>MediaWiki:Ipboptions</code>. This allows administrators to easily block temporary accounts for 90 days, which is functionally equivalent to an indefinite block. The advantage of this solution is that it does not clutter Special:BlockList. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Block and unblock#Default block duration options|More documentation]] is available. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398626] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Gadgets can now include <code dir=ltr>.vue</code> files. This makes it easier to develop modern user interfaces using [[mw:Vue.js|Vue.js]], in particular using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex|Codex]], the official design system of Wikimedia. [[wmdoc:codex/latest/icons/overview.html|Codex icons]] can be loaded through the gadget definition. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Gadgets#Pages|The documentation]] has examples. For user scripts that use Vue.js, an [[mw:API:CodexIcons|API module]] now exists to load Codex icons. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T340460][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T311099] * Module developers can now use a [[mw:Help:Extension:Translate/Message Bundles/Lua reference|Lua interface]] to simplify the preparation of Lua modules for translation on Meta-Wiki. This improvement makes it easier for translators to find and edit module strings without dealing with raw Lua code. It helps prevent mistakes that could break the module during translation. Module developers and translators are invited to [[commons:File:Translatable modules video demo July 2025.webm|watch the demo video]], read more about [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Translatable modules|translatable modules]] to understand how it works, refer to Meta-Wiki's [[m:Module:User Wikimedia project|Module:User Wikimedia project]] for example usage, and [[mw:Talk:Translatable modules|share their feedback]] on how well it addresses the challenges in their workflow. The interface still has some performance issues, so it should not be used in widely used modules yet. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T359918] * Developers of external tools that connect to Wikimedia pages must set a user-agent that complies with [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Wikimedia Foundation User-Agent Policy|the user-agent policy]]. This policy will start to be more strongly enforced in August because of external crawlers that are [[diffblog:2025/04/01/how-crawlers-impact-the-operations-of-the-wikimedia-projects/|overusing]] Wikimedia's resources. Tools that are hosted on Wikimedia's Toolforge or Cloud VPS will not be affected by this for now, but should still set a user-agent. [[phab:T400119|More technical details are available]], and related questions are welcome in that task. * Parsoid Read Views is going to be rolling out to some smaller Wikipedias over the next few weeks, following the successful transition of Wikivoyages and Wiktionaries to Parsoid Read Views. For more information, see the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification|Parsoid/Parser Unification]] project page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/profile/7694/] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.13|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * [[wmania:Special:MyLanguage/2025:Wikimania|Wikimania 2025]] will run from August 6–9. The [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/schedule/ program is available] for you to plan which sessions you want to attend. Most sessions will be live-streamed, with exceptions for those that show the "no camera" icon. If you are joining online to watch live-streams and use the interactive features, please [[wmania:Special:MyLanguage/2025:Registration|register]] for a free virtual ticket. For example, you may be interested in technical sessions such as: ** [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/GEH9DH/ Wikimedia’s knowledge infrastructure in a changing internet: Establishing sustainable pathways for content reuse] ** [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/7ELN9Q/ Wikifunctions is coming soon to a wiki near you!] ** [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/ZMGVJV/ Shaping the Future of Wikipedia’s Reader Experience] ** [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/KCKTFZ/ Making Wikipedia More Readable: What Comes Next] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/32|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W32"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 03:36, 5 August 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29083927 --> == ''The Signpost'': 9 August 2025 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[File:WikipediaSignpostIcon.svg|40px|right]] ''News, reports and features from the English Wikipedia's newspaper''</div> <div style="column-count:2;"> * News and notes: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-08-09/News and notes|Court order snips out part of Wikipedia article, editors debate whether to frame shreds or pulp them]] * Discussion report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-08-09/Discussion report|News from ANI, AN, RSN, BLPN, ELN, FTN, and NPOVN]] * Disinformation report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-08-09/Disinformation report|The article in the most languages]] * Community view: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-08-09/Community view|News from the Villages Pump]] * In the media: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-08-09/In the media|Disgrace, dive bars, deceased despots, and diverse dispatches]] * Crossword: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-08-09/Crossword|Accidental typography]] * Comix: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-08-09/Comix|best-laid schemes o' wikis an' men]] * Traffic report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-08-09/Traffic report|I'm not the antichrist or the Superman]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost|Read this Signpost in full]]''' · [[w:en:Wikipedia:Signpost/Single|Single-page]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Signpost|Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] 02:27, 9 August 2025 (UTC) <!-- Sent via script ([[w:en:User:JPxG/SPS]]) --></div> <!-- Message sent by User:JPxG@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Signpost&oldid=29085669 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-33 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Lethocerus patruelis]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Lethocerus patruelis.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''''Lethocerus patruelis''''' is a giant water bug in the family Belostomatidae. It is native to southeastern Europe, through Southwest Asia, to Pakistan, India and Burma. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 02:20, 11 August 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29085671 --> == ''This Month in GLAM'': July 2025 == {| style="width:100%;" | valign="top" align="center" style="border:1px gray solid; padding:1em;" | {| align="center" |- | style="text-align: center;" | [[File:This Month in GLAM logo 2018.png|350px|center|link=outreach:GLAM/Newsletter]]<br /> <hr /> <div style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; text-align:center;">[[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/July 2025|<span style="color:darkslategray;">This Month in GLAM – Volume XV, Issue VII, July 2025</span>]]</div> <hr /><br /> |- style="text-align: center;" | <span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman;"> '''<u>Headlines</u>'''</span> |- style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; text-align:center;" | <div style="text-align:left; column-count:2; column-width:28em; vertical-align:top;"> * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/July 2025/Contents/Albania report|Albania report]]: 10 years of Wikimedians of Albanian Language User Group * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/July 2025/Contents/Aruba report|Aruba report]]: Wikipedia on Aruba – From Island to Archive: Aruba’s Journey on Wikimedia * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/July 2025/Contents/Belgium report|Belgium report]]: De Standaard Solidarity Prize and How to Upload Artwork * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/July 2025/Contents/New Zealand report|New Zealand report]]: Women in Wartime * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/July 2025/Contents/Nigeria report|Nigeria report]]: Expanding Access to Heritage Knowledge * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/July 2025/Contents/Portugal report|Portugal report]]: GLAM Wiki 2025: Program Highlights & Volunteer Call * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/July 2025/Contents/Serbia report|Serbia report]]: July in Wikimedia Serbia * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/July 2025/Contents/Switzerland report|Switzerland report]]: Poster Exhibition, Screening Public Viewing, Women Memorials * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/July 2025/Contents/UK report|UK report]]: Japanese art in Arabic * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/July 2025/Contents/USA report|USA report]]: Wikinics & Edit-a-thons * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/July 2025/Contents/Biodiversity Heritage Library report|Biodiversity Heritage Library report]]: BHL blog by Tiago Lubiana, BHL Wikimedian in Residence, and news on the BHL transition * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/July 2025/Contents/AvoinGLAM report|AvoinGLAM report]]: Introducing Oulu Löyly – we want to hear your thoughts! * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/July 2025/Contents/Memory of the World report|Memory of the World report]]: Getting the message out * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/July 2025/Contents/WMF GLAM report|WMF GLAM report]]: Culture & Heritage team transitioning to broader Content Enablement team * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/July 2025/Contents/Events|Calendar]]: August's GLAM events </div> |- | style="font-family:Times New Roman; text-align:center; font-size:85%;" | [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter|Read this edition in full]] &bull; [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/July 2025/Single|Single-page]] |- | valign="top" colspan="2" style="padding:0.5em; font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:center; font-size:85%;" | To assist with preparing the newsletter, please visit the [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/Newsroom|newsroom]]. Past editions may be viewed [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/Archives|here]]. |- |} |} <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:GLAM/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in GLAM'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/GLAM|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · [[:m:User:Romaine|Romaine]] 19:59, 11 August 2025 (UTC)</div> <!-- Message sent by User:Romaine@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/GLAM&oldid=29083949 --> == Tech News: 2025-33 == <section begin="technews-2025-W33"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/33|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The WikiEditor toolbar now includes [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:WikiEditor#Keyboard shortcuts|its keyboard shortcuts]] in the tooltips for its buttons. This will help to improve the discoverability of this feature. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T400583] * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council|Product and Technology Advisory Council]] published a set of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/August 2025 draft PTAC proposals for feedback|proposed experiments]] the Wikimedia Foundation can try to improve communication with community. Feedback on the proposals are welcomed until August 22 on [[m:Talk:Product and Technology Advisory Council/August 2025 draft PTAC proposals for feedback|this talk page]]. * The search bar on the Minerva skin (mobile) has been updated to use the same type-ahead search component that is used on the Vector 2022 skin. There are no changes in search functionality but there are minor visual changes. Specifically, the close-search button has been changed from an "X" to a back arrow. This helps to distinguish it from the other "X" button that is used to clear any text. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T393944] * Editors on some wikis will see a new toggle for "Group results by page" on watchlist, related changes, and recent changes pages. This is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools/Watchlist/Experiment|an A/B experiment]] that is planned to start on August 11, and will run for 3–6 weeks on the Bengali, Chinese, Czech, French, Greek, Portuguese, and Urdu Wikipedias. The experiment will examine how making this feature more discoverable might affect editors' ability to find the edits they are looking for. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T396789] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:31}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:31|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The multiwiki datasets of [[:wikt:en:Module:Unicode data|Unicode data]] have been moved to [[c:Category:Unicode Module Datasets|Category:Unicode Module Datasets]] on Wikimedia Commons, to follow the idea of "One common data source, multiple local wikis". Most wikis have been updated to use the Commons version. You can ask questions at [[c:Category talk:Unicode Module Datasets|the talkpage]]. [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Module_talk:Unicode_data#Data_from_commons] * Lua code can add warnings when something is wrong, by using the <code dir=ltr>mw.addWarning()</code> function. It is now possible to add more than one warning, instead of new warnings replacing old ones. If you maintain a Lua module that used warnings, you should check it still works as expected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398390] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.14|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/33|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W33"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 23:24, 11 August 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29106516 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #692 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2025-08-11. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#691]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * New requests for permissions/Bot: [[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Bot/Dolabbot|Dolabbot]] - Mass import of module subpages from other wikis (mainly English wiktionary) to Korean wiktionary and addition of corresponding Wikidata sitelinks. ''' Events ''' * Past: Wikimania 2025 took place last week! Day-by-day playlists are available on the Wikimedia Foundation [https://www.youtube.com/@TheWikimediaFoundation/playlists YouTube channel]. ''' Tool of the week ''' * [[d:User:Midleading|Midleading]] created a a UserScript called [[d:User:Midleading/RemoveRedundantLabels.js|RemoveRedundantLabels.js]]. This user script adds a new tool Item, that can be used to remove all labels that are the same as mul label, in one click. ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' *New General datatypes: **[[:d:Property:P13696|taxon aspect image]] (<nowiki>an exemplary image of a particular aspect for this taxon. Relevant for taxonomic identification</nowiki>) * New External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P13694|Mizuumi Wiki ID]], [[:d:Property:P13695|My Abandonware company ID]], [[:d:Property:P13697|Vintagepostcards-Archive-ID]], [[:d:Property:P13698|Historical picture postcards University of Osnabrück ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/awarded for type of work|awarded for type of work]] (<nowiki>type of work for which an award or type of award is conferred</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/display size (diagonal)|display size (diagonal)]] (<nowiki>diagonal length of a rectangular electronic display</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/non-free official cover art URL|non-free official cover art URL]] (<nowiki>URL of a copyrighted cover image for a creative work at an authorized distributor's website</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/IUPAC name|IUPAC name]] (<nowiki>Name of a chemical compound following the IUPAC nomenclature of (in)organic chemistry.</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Creed|Creed]] (<nowiki></nowiki>) * New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Artfacts artist ID|Artfacts artist ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/nextroom building ID|nextroom building ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/USB device ID|USB device ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Caixin company ID|Caixin company ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BIBFRAME Work ID|BIBFRAME Work ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Primary Vessel Number|Primary Vessel Number]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Songsofy artist ID|Songsofy artist ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/PCI vendor hexadecimal ID|PCI vendor hexadecimal ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms entry ID|The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms entry ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/T10 vendor ID string|T10 vendor ID string]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military entry ID|The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military entry ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SPoT skater ID (new scheme)|SPoT skater ID (new scheme)]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Identifiant d'une pièce musicale dans le répertoire de la SACEM|Identifiant d'une pièce musicale dans le répertoire de la SACEM]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: ** [https://w.wiki/9twM Mothers on Wikidata] - explore the mother and child relationships of Wikidata items. ** [https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/wikidata/tYjsyi Human with article in simple and no english article] (QLever) ([[d:Wikidata:Request_a_query#Articles_on_simple_Wikipedia_but_not_en.Wikipedia|source]]) * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: [[d:Q20683626|2016 Taiwanese presidential election (Q20683626)]] - election in Taiwan * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase Lexemes]]: [[d:Lexeme:L1334366|illing (L1334366)]] - English adjective/noun (ˈɪlɪŋ) meaning "annoyed/unhappy", "acting aggressively", or "in a difficult situation" ''' Development ''' * We attended [[Wikimania:2025:Wikimania|Wikimania 205]] in Nairobi * We continued efforts to get our new mobile statement UI for Items with the Kartographer extension, and merged a first version that mostly works ([[Phab:T394906]]) * We began work on including accessibility testing for the new mobile statement editing UI for Items ([[Phab:T400678]]) * The entity types for the new search dropdown has been updated to have Items at the top ([[Phab:T398817]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:Mohammed Abdulai (WMDE)|Mohammed Abdulai (WMDE)]] [[:d:User talk:Mohammed Abdulai (WMDE)|talk]] · [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 09:51, 12 August 2025 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Mohammed Abdulai (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=29104433 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-34 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Ikiza]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:CIA map of Burundi and surrounding countries during 1972 killings.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The '''Ikiza''' (variously translated from Kirundi as the Catastrophe, the Great Calamity, and the Scourge), or the Ubwicanyi (Killings), was a series of mass killings—often characterised as a genocide—which were committed in Burundi in 1972 by the Tutsi-dominated army and government, primarily against educated and elite Hutus who lived in the country. Conservative estimates place the death toll of the event between 100,000 and 150,000 killed, while some estimates of the death toll go as high as 300,000. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 02:43, 18 August 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29115447 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #693 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2025-08-18. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#692]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: New Linked Data for Libraries [[Wikidata: WikiProject LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group|LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group]] project series! Mark your calendars for our third session of our event series, an Introduction to Wikidata/EMCO, which is meant to introduce EMCO participants and anyone interested to Wikidata and to develop frameworks and skills for entity management in the Wikidata environment. We will review searching in Wikidata and have a practical, hands-on exercise where everyone can create a new person item and add some statements. Join us Tuesday, August 19th at 9am PT/ 12pm ET/ 16:00 UTC / 6pm CEST [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1755619200 Time zone converter]. Please see our [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:WikiProject_LD4_Wikidata_Affinity_Group/Project_Series/IntroEMCO project page] for more information and Zoom links. ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Videos: ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=rTKWoZY8I8Y What Is Wikidata? - Be App Savvy] ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=IYlzoFT3Wi4&pp=0gcJCf8Ao7VqN5tD OpenStreetMap x Wikidata] - Wikidata Taiwan ''' Tool of the week ''' * Magnus Manske’s developed a [https://como.toolforge.org/#/game/autodesc Como Wikidata Game] using Autodesc, this game suggests short descriptions for Wikidata items that don't have any. Review each suggestion, improve it if needed, and submit a concise, accurate description. Additioanlly the andriod application for the game is available for download at [https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.toolforge.como Google Play Store] ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * Are you a developer using Wikidata's data in your application with the action API or Query Service? The Wikidata development would love to talk to you to help improve how you can get to Wikidata's data. More details [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/x2sslsjb/apply here (Great Question)]. User interview is 60-mins and you’ll receive compensation as a thank-you for your time. ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * New External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P13699|National Library of Nigeria ID]], [[:d:Property:P13700|Artfacts artist ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Código INE (Bolivia)|Código INE (Bolivia)]] (<nowiki>Official hierarchical identifier of the National Institute of Statistics of Bolivia for administrative entities such as departments, provinces and municipalities.</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/quality for|quality for]] (<nowiki>quality that is described by this sense of adjective/grammatical modifier</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/type of quality|type of quality]] (<nowiki>qualifier of "item for this modifier" that specifies the type of quality</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/has wireless capabilities|has wireless capabilities]] (<nowiki>type of wireless connectivity this device has/supports</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/designed for handedness|designed for handedness]] (<nowiki>hand(s) that this object is intended to be used with</nowiki>) * New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Valais cantonal parliament ID|Valais cantonal parliament ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Arcanes ID|Arcanes ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/A Dictionary of Travel and Tourism entry ID|A Dictionary of Travel and Tourism entry ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/IGDB tag ID|IGDB tag ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/TechnoMusicWorld artist ID|TechnoMusicWorld artist ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/TechnoMusicWorld release ID|TechnoMusicWorld release ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/TechnoMusicWorld track ID|TechnoMusicWorld track ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/A Dictionary of Dentistry entry ID|A Dictionary of Dentistry entry ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CELL ID|CELL ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Flemish Community Masterpieces List item ID|Flemish Community Masterpieces List item ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/A Dictionary of Environment and Conservation entry ID|A Dictionary of Environment and Conservation entry ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Hamburger Frauenbiografien ID|Hamburger Frauenbiografien ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/GamesIndustry.biz topic ID|GamesIndustry.biz topic ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Ophardt Team Sportevent person ID|Ophardt Team Sportevent person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/LINDAS ID|LINDAS ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Digital ROC people ID|Digital ROC people ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Museum of Fine Arts, Lyon object ID|Museum of Fine Arts, Lyon object ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Nebraska Authors author ID|Nebraska Authors author ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/InfoconDB series ID|InfoconDB series ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/InfoconDB conference ID|InfoconDB conference ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/setlist.fm festival ID|setlist.fm festival ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Digital ROC event ID|Digital ROC event ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ScholarGPS scholar ID|ScholarGPS scholar ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ScholarGPS institution ID|ScholarGPS institution ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ScholarGPS field and discipline ID|ScholarGPS field and discipline ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ScholarGPS specialty ID|ScholarGPS specialty ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/The Digital Ark person ID|The Digital Ark person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ScholarGPS country profile ID|ScholarGPS country profile ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/MHOBT ID|MHOBT ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Letterboxd person ID|Letterboxd person ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: ** [https://w.wiki/F4Fv Wikidata entities shaped like businesses] ([https://w.wiki/F4Mf Sparql source]) ** [https://w.wiki/6DJd Map of sub-categories of a Commons category] * Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]]: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:WikiProject_Irish_Traditional_Music WikiProject Irish Traditional Music] - This project aims to enhance the representation of Irish traditional music on Wikidata * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: [[d:Q737062|Olympia (Q737062)]] - painting by Édouard Manet * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase Lexemes]]: [[d:Lexeme:L1250690|spegnere (L1250690)]] - Italian verb (ˈspeɲ.ɲe.re) meaning "to extinguish (a fire)", "to turn off (a device)", or "to die (euphemistic)" ''' Development ''' * Mobile editing of statements: We are continuing the work - so far on the read-only mobile version. We will start looking into editing soon. You can follow along with the development on [https://wikidata.beta.wmflabs.org beta Wikidata]. * GraphQL: We are continuing some experiments with GraphQL to see if it is useful for specific types of access to Wikidata's data. * Dumps: We are starting to experiment with subset dumps to see if we can get meaningful smaller dumps for reusers. * Wikidata integration in the other Wikimedia projects: ** We are working on scalability issues around the number of changes from Wikidata that get sent to Wikipedia and co. As part of this we are continuing to look into how to decrease the number of changes in recent changes and watchlist on Wikipedia and co that don't actually affect an article there. ** We are investigating how the upcoming larger rollout of Parsoid affects the tracking of Wikidata usage in articles. ** We are looking into improving the Databox Lua module that is used especially in smaller Wikipedias to get Wikidata-powered infoboxes. * Federation: We are looking at the previous prototype for Federated Properties that allowed to use Wikidata's Properties on another Wikibase instance. We are checking what if anything of it can be revived for our current work to allow other Wikibase instances to use Wikidata's Items and Properties seamlessly. * Data governance: We are concluding research around the current undestanding of people about which data should go where in the Wikibase Ecosystem. * Constraint reports: We limited Special:ConstraintReport to logged-in users to avoid AI scrapers hitting the systems too hard ([[phab:T401789])) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Govdirectory/Cyprus|Cyprus]] * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] . [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] . [[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] . [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 13:21, 18 August 2025 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=29142512 --> == Tech News: 2025-34 == <section begin="technews-2025-W34"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/34|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * Later this week, people who are logged-in and have the "[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Feature summary|Discussion tools]]" [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|Beta Feature]] enabled will gain the ability to "Thank" individual comments directly from talk pages, rather than needing to navigate to page history. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Feature summary#Comment actions|Learn more about this feature]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T400849] * An A/B test comparing two versions of the desktop donate link launched on testwiki on 12 August and on English Wikipedia 14 August for 0.1% of logged out users on the desktop site. The experiment will run for three weeks, ending on 12 September. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T395716] * An A/A test to measure the baseline for reader retention was launched 12 August using [[wikitech:Experimentation Lab|Experimentation Lab]]. This measures the percentage of users who revisit a wiki after their initial visit over a 14-day period. No visual changes are expected. The experiment will run through 31 August. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T399227] * Five new wikis have been created: ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikisource/en}} in [[d:Q34057|Tagalog]] ([[s:tl:|<code>s:tl:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T388639] ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikisource/en}} in [[d:Q36213|Madurese]] ([[s:mad:|<code>s:mad:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T391747] ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia/en}} in [[d:Q3450749|Rakhine]] ([[w:rki:|<code>w:rki:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T392490] ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikibooks/en}} in [[d:Q13324|Minangkabau]] ([[b:min:|<code>b:min:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T395452] ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wiktionary/en}} in [[d:Q7598268|Standard Moroccan Amazigh]] ([[wikt:zgh:|<code>wikt:zgh:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T399684] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:46}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:46|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.15|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/34|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W34"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 00:33, 19 August 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29127690 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-35 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Corallite]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Recent azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) - ZooKeys-227-001-g004.jpeg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> A '''corallite''' is the skeletal cup, formed by an individual stony coral polyp, in which the polyp sits and into which it can retract. The cup is composed of aragonite, a crystalline form of calcium carbonate, and is secreted by the polyp. Corallites vary in size, but in most colonial corals they are less than 3 mm (0.12 in) in diameter. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 02:18, 25 August 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29115447 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #694 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2025-08-18. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#693]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * Open request for adminship: [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Administrator/Rubah_Hitam_Vukova|Rubah Hitam Vukova]] - RfP scheduled to end after 31 August 2025 14:16 (UTC) * New requests for permissions/Bot: [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Bot/DifoolBot_7|DifoolBot 7]] - task(s): Adding a Wikipedia reference to unsourced day-precision [[d:Property:P569|date of birth (P569)]] and [[d:Property:P570|date of death (P570)]] claims. * Closed request for permissions/Bot: [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Bot/Dolabbot|Dolabbot]] - task(s): Import module subpages from other wikis (mainly English wiktionary) to Korean wiktionary and addition of corresponding Wikidata sitelinks. * New request for comments: [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_comment/Pilot_Project_for_AI-Assisted_Wikidata_Onboarding_%26_Quality_Control|Pilot project for AI-Assisted Wikidata onboarding and Quality control]]. ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: ** The call for proposals deadline for [[d:Event:WikidataCon 2025|WikidataCon 2025]] is very close (end of the August). Submit your session proposals at this [https://pretalx.com/wikidatacon-2025/cfp Call for Proposals] page. ** Wikidata's 13th birthday decentralized events will take place in October and November 2025. Feel free to browse [[d:Wikidata:Thirteenth Birthday/Run an event|the documentation pages]] to learn how to organize an event in your area and get in touch with other organizers. If you need funding support, make sure to apply for the micro-grants before the deadline of September 1st. Please help translate the documentation pages into your language. ** [[m:WikiCite_2025|WikiCite 2025]]: a 3-day (25 - 31 August 2025) conference, summit and hackathon for creating an ecosystem of bibliographical data. To attend online, please sign-up on the [[m:WikiCite_2025/Participants|Participants]] page. ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs: [https://www.stephenharrison.com/p/how-wikidata-is-coding-for-humanity How Wikidata is coding for humanity] - In this interview, Lydia Pintscher of Wikimedia Deutschland speaks with Stephen Harrison on how Wikidata connects human and machine-readable knowledge and why contributing to it is having a global impact. * Papers: [https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5396411#:~:text=Abstract,and%20automated%20decision%2Dmaking%20systems. Wikidata's Worldview: A Semantic Network Analysis of an AI Knowledge Pipeline] - The paper examines Wikidata as a key AI knowledge source, showing how its structures and classifications influence machine decision-making, and calls for greater transparency in AI data systems. * Videos: ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=OeiXnbpRC2A What Wikidata Reveals About the Good Side of the Internet] ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=nuzw-qehCT8 Resolving the Empty Result Issue in the Wikidata Query Service] * Podcast: [https://www.iheart.com/podcast/263-tech-talks-daily-28475628/episode/3391-what-wikidata-reveals-about-the-290000631/ Tech Talks Daily - What Wikidata reveals about the good side of the internet?] - This episode features Lydia Pintscher who reveals how this massive, collaborative dataset empowers communities worldwide to build tools for the public good, and what a truly “good internet” can look like... * Presentations: [[d:File:Wikimania 2025 - Wikidata a whirlwind tour through the land of Wikidata-powered apps.pdf|Wikimania 2025 - Wikidata a whirlwind tour through the land of Wikidata-powered apps]] (slides for a talk showcasing Wikidata powered apps at Wikimania 2025) By Lydia Pintscher ''' Tool of the week ''' * The [[m:Como|Como GWAP]]<small> (''[[d:Q125832524|Q125832524]]'')</small> (games with a purpose) app has just released to the [https://apps.apple.com/us/app/como-a-crowdsourcing-game/id6686407794 iOS App Store]. Also playable in your [https://como.toolforge.org/ Web Browser] and Android ([https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.toolforge.como Google Play Store]), the latest release includes Stats tracking and Leaderboards. * A new tool [[Wikidata:Tools/SPARQL Recent Changes 2|SPARQL Recent Changes 2]] has been released and enables mass-validation of entities in Wikidata based on their recent changes. This tool enables users to ensure that whole subgraphs are valid according to any given EntitySchema! * [https://wikicrowd.toolforge.org/groups WikiCrowd] A tool for crowdsourced micro-edits on Wikimedia projects, letting users make quick contributions—like labeling images or answering simple questions—to improve data on Commons and Wikidata. ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * [[m:Wikisource reader app|Wikisource reader app]] was released. It utilizes the power of Wikidata. * [https://paulina.toolforge.org/ Paulina] won one of this year's [[m:Coolest Tool Award|Coolest Tool Awards]] = Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review = <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review: **[[:d:Property:P13713|rewards this type of work]] (<nowiki>kind of work for which an award is given</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P13715|‎watercraft prefix]] (<nowiki>prefix applied to watercraft operated by different organisations</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P13718|‎proposed entity type]] (<nowiki>what a proposed entity would be</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P13723|‎Modern Shrine Ranking]] (<nowiki>Rank in the Modern system of ranked Shinto Shrines</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P13724|‎Cyclocross24 rider ID]] (<nowiki>identifier for a cyclo-cross cyclist in the Cyclocross24 database</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P13732|‎DuckDuckGo bang]] (<nowiki>Identifier for use of DuckDuckGo bang shortcut</nowiki>) * New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Property:P13701|Database dei fondi musicali toscani ID]], [[:d:Property:P13702|‎Deaf Movie Database person ID]], [[:d:Property:P13703|‎Deaf Movie Database genre ID]], [[:d:Property:P13704|‎Deaf Movie Database language ID]], [[:d:Property:P13705|‎Deaf Movie Database country ID]], [[:d:Property:P13706|‎MacPorts port]], [[:d:Property:P13707|‎dvdcompare.net film ID]], [[:d:Property:P13708|‎Encyclopedia of Indianapolis ID]], [[:d:Property:P13709|Mobility Database ID]], [[:d:Property:P13712|PCPartPicker product type ID]], [[:d:Property:P13714|Library of Congress BIBFRAME Work ID]], [[:d:Property:P13716|USB device ID]], [[:d:Property:P13717|Rekhta Gujarati author ID]], [[:d:Property:P13719|A Dictionary of Public Health entry ID]], [[:d:Property:P13720|Yandex Books author ID]], [[:d:Property:P13721|CoreTennis.net player ID]], [[:d:Property:P13722|rada.info council ID]], [[:d:Property:P13725|Athletics Podium person ID]], [[:d:Property:P13726|‎CESAR title ID]], [[:d:Property:P13727|Polski Petersburg encyclopedia ID (Russian version)]], [[:d:Property:P13728|Polish Taxpayer Identification Number]], [[:d:Property:P13729|‎Berardi Arte artist ID]], [[:d:Property:P13730|Swiss Films person ID]], [[:d:Property:P13731|Swiss Films company ID]], [[:d:Property:P13733|médiathèque de Sceaux catalog author ID]], [[:d:Property:P13734|EASIN ID]], [[:d:Property:P13735|A Dictionary of Genetics entry ID]], [[:d:Property:P13736|A Dictionary of Sports Studies entry ID]], [[:d:Property:P13737|Open Science Thesaurus ID]], [[:d:Property:P13738|PCI vendor hexadecimal ID]], [[:d:Property:P13739|NuGet package]], [[:d:Property:P13740|LINDAS ID]], [[:d:Property:P13741|‎Archaeological Cadastre (Greece) ID]], [[:d:Property:P13742|Dictionary of American Family Names ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/museociclismo|museociclismo]] (<nowiki>id for museociclismo.it</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/identificativo Viario di Roma|identificativo Viario di Roma]] (<nowiki>identifier for a street in Rome</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/form factor|form factor]] (<nowiki>physical design paradigm this object is aligned with</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/implies (2)|implies (2)]] (<nowiki>axiom or conjecture that this axiom or conjecture implies</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/comes with|comes with]] (<nowiki>object which is included with this item, but is not part of it</nowiki>) *New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Letterboxd person ID|Letterboxd person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/EU-ID|EU-ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Viario di Roma ID|Viario di Roma ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Kick username|Kick username]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Ene dilim ID|Ene dilim ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/LTT Labs product ID|LTT Labs product ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Concept ID in Arab Encyclopedia|Concept ID in Arab Encyclopedia]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/La Fayette ID|La Fayette ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Archivio Storico Ricordi partiture ID|Archivio Storico Ricordi partiture ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/United Methodist Church church ID|United Methodist Church church ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Record Group Number of National Archives Administration, Taiwan|Record Group Number of National Archives Administration, Taiwan]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Autostraddle topic ID|Autostraddle topic ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/LGBTQ Nation tag ID|LGBTQ Nation tag ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/The Advocate tag ID|The Advocate tag ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Xtra Magazine topic ID|Xtra Magazine topic ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Out tag ID|Out tag ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Queerty tag ID|Queerty tag ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: ** [https://w.wiki/F6NR Cool beaches in Antartica] ** [https://w.wiki/F8At Airports with IATA and/or ICAO airport codes, their wikidata Item id's and the English label of the Item] ([[d:Wikidata:Request_a_query#Airport_query|source]]) * Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]]: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:WikiProject_They_not_were_witches_they_were_women WikiProject They Were Not Witches, They Were Women] - A Wikidata project preserving the stories of women accused as witches in Catalonia and Andorra (1419–1796). * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: [[d:Q9321426|Le Monde de Dory (Q9321426)]] - 2016 American animated film directed by Andrew Stanton * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase Lexemes]]: [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase lexemes]]: [[d:Lexeme:L8031|消す (L8031)]] - Japanese verb (けす, kesu) meaning "to erase", "to turn off", or "to delete" ''' Development ''' * Mobile editing of statements: After focusing on the initial read-only version, we are now starting the work on the actual editing mode. You can follow along with the development on [https://wikidata.beta.wmflabs.org beta Wikidata]. * Wikidata integration in the other Wikimedia projects: ** We are continuing to work on scalability issues around the number of changes from Wikidata that get sent to Wikipedia and co. As part of this we are continuing to look into how to decrease the number of changes in recent changes and watchlist on Wikipedia and co that don't actually affect an article there. * GraphQL: We now have a prototype for GraphQL for Wikidata. We'd love to have your feedback about it, especially if you are a developer building applications with Wikidata's data. More details at [[d:Wikidata:Wikibase GraphQL prototype|GraphQL prototype]] [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] . [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] . [[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] . [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|<span class="signature-talk">{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}</span>]]) [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 13:32, 25 August 2025 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=29142512 --> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=29142512 --> == Tech News: 2025-35 == <section begin="technews-2025-W35"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/35|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Template authors can now use additional CSS properties, since the CSS sanitizer used by [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateStyles|TemplateStyles]] was updated. For example: <code>width: fit-content</code>; <code>ruby-align</code>; relative units such as <code>lh</code>; and custom strings in <code>list-style-type</code>. These improvements are a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Wishes/Allow use of modern CSS in templates by updating the TemplateStyles CSS sanitizer|Community Wishlist wish]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T271958][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T277755][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T293633][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T295088][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T326906][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T340057][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T360725][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T371809][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T375344][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T394619] * On large wikis, the default time period to display edits from, within the Special:RecentChanges page, has been changed from 7 days to 1 day. This is part of a performance improvement project. This should have no user-facing impact due to the quantity of edits on these wikis. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T399455] * Administrators can now access the [[{{#special:BlockedExternalDomains}}]] page from the [[{{#special:CommunityConfiguration}}]] list page. This makes it easier to find. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T393240] * Wikimedia Commons videos were not shown in the Videos tab in Google Search. The problem was investigated and reported to Google who have now fixed the issue. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T396168][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Community_Wishlist/Wishes/Do_something_about_Google_%26_DuckDuckGo_search_not_indexing_media_files_and_categories_on_Commons] * One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wiktionary/en}} in [[d:Q33014|Betawi]] ([[wikt:bew:|<code>wikt:bew:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402130] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:39}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:39|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Two fields of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Recentchanges table|recentchanges database table]] are being removed. <code>rc_new</code> and <code>rc_type</code> are being removed in favor of <code>rc_source</code>. Queries to these older fields will start to fail starting this week and developers should use <code>rc_source</code> instead. These older fields were deprecated over 10 years ago and should not be in use. This is part of work to improve the performance and stability of queries to the recentchanges table. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T400696] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.16|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2025/July|Language and Internationalization Newsletter]] is now available. This edition includes: support for new languages in MediaWiki and translatewiki; the start of the Language Onboarding and Development project to help support the growth of new and small wikis; updates on research projects; and more. '''Meetings and events''' * The next [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Community meetings#29 August 2025|Language Community Meeting]] is happening soon, August 29th at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1756479600 15:00 UTC]. This week's meeting will cover: the Avro keyboard developers from Wikimedia Bangladesh, who were recently awarded a national award for their contributions to this keyboard; and other topics. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/35|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W35"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 00:07, 26 August 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29175124 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-36 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Diksam Plateau]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Dixam plateau (6407168437).jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The '''Diksam Plateau''' or Dixam Plateau (Arabic: دكسم) is a limestone plateau in Socotra, Yemen. The Firmihin forest, located east of the Dirhur canyon within the plateau, has the highest concentration of Dragon's Blood Trees on the entire island. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 02:40, 1 September 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29195081 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #695 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2025-08-25. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#694]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * Closed request for adminship: [[d:wikidata:Requests for permissions/Administrator/Rubah Hitam Vukova|Rubah Hitam Vukova]] ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: ** Last chance to submit a session for [[d:Event:WikidataCon_2025|WikidataCon 2025]], the proposals deadline is imminent: head to this '''[https://pretalx.com/wikidatacon-2025/cfp Call for Proposals page]''' to submit an idea'' (drafts are welcome, they can be edited for a week after the deadline).'' ** New Linked Data for Libraries [[Wikidata:WikiProject_LD4_Wikidata_Affinity_Group|LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group]] project series: fourth session, ''Introduction to Wikidata/EMCO'', with a hands-on exercise creating a corporate body item and adding statements. Tuesday, September 2 – 9am PT / 12pm ET / 16:00 UTC / 6pm CEST ('''[https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/converter.html Time zone converter]'''). [[Wikidata:WikiProject_LD4_Wikidata_Affinity_Group/Project_Series/IntroEMCO|More info and Zoom links]]. ** OpenStreetMap X Wikidata Meetup #80 September 15 Time: 19:30-21:00 UTC+8 at [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61752245 Mozilla Community Space Taipei]. ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Press: [https://www.fastcompany.com/91391335/big-tech-locks-data-away-wikidata-gives-it-back-to-the-internet Big Tech locks data away. Wikidata gives it back to the internet] * Blogs: [https://addshore.com/2025/08/wikidata-instance-of-and-subclass-of-through-time-p31-p279/ Wikidata, instance of and subclass of through time (P31 & P279)] * Videos: ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=M0Bk83ZLTyw&pp=0gcJCRsBo7VqN5tD LD4 2025 - Wikidata Affinity Group Session - Introduction to Wikidata for Entity Management] ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=dviYC912yQs&pp=0gcJCRsBo7VqN5tD How to create a work and edition in Wikidata] ''' Tool of the week ''' *[https://toolsadmin.wikimedia.org/tools/id/enet DerDieDas for Danish] is a Wikidata-based game to practice Danish. ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * Wikimedia Deutschland is hiring a [https://wikimedia-deutschland.softgarden.io/job/58843265?l=en Senior Software Engineer (all genders) for the Wikibase Suite], starting October 1, 2025. The role is full-time or part-time, hybrid, and based in Berlin, focused on building open-source tools for linked open data. * The [[m:Grants:Project/Rapid/Tech|Rapid Fund/Tech]] program, launched on July 24, 2025, provides up to $5,000 per project for coding tools that improve contributions to Wikimedia projects. Applications are reviewed every two months, with priority for impactful projects with clear, critical, and well-planned milestones. ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes: **[[:d:Property:P13745|parts per area]] (<nowiki>average number of parts per unit of area</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P13749|‎display size (diagonal)]] (<nowiki>diagonal length of a rectangular electronic display</nowiki>) * New External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P13743|Digital ROC people ID]], [[:d:Property:P13744|Digital ROC event ID]], [[:d:Property:P13746|T10 vendor ID string]], [[:d:Property:P13747|Confederation of African Tennis player ID]], [[:d:Property:P13748|‎Nextroom building ID]], [[:d:Property:P13750|Concept ID in Arab Encyclopedia]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/game stat|game stat]] (<nowiki>metric to what extent a character in a role-playing game (or game with role-playing elements) possesses a specific natural, in-born characteristic common to all characters in the game</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/open meeting page URL|open meeting page URL]] (<nowiki>Information page describing open meetings, public meetings or town hall meetings</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Islamic calligraphy|Islamic calligraphy]] (<nowiki>property that shows the Islamic calligraphy for a person</nowiki>) * New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Minfin company ID|Minfin company ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Swiss Performing Arts vocabularies ID|Swiss Performing Arts vocabularies ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Doha Dictionary root id|Doha Dictionary root id]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Sharjah Dictionary root id|Sharjah Dictionary root id]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Fantacalcio ID|Fantacalcio ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/GayCities ID|GayCities ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Washington Blade tag ID|Washington Blade tag ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/IN Magazine tag ID|IN Magazine tag ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Teen Vogue tag ID|Teen Vogue tag ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Diva tag ID|Diva tag ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Attitude tag ID|Attitude tag ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Metro Source tag ID|Metro Source tag ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/PLUS tag ID|PLUS tag ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Wussy Magazine tag ID|Wussy Magazine tag ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Plant Ontology ID|Plant Ontology ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Dimensions.com element ID|Dimensions.com element ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ISU-Skating.com-Identifikator|ISU-Skating.com-Identifikator]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: [https://w.wiki/AhtV Species of birds and their sounds] ([https://x.com/espejolento/status/1814353851253735846 source]) * Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]]: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:WikiProject_Art_UK WikiProject Art UK] is an effort to document the various properties and volunteer (art-related) work on Wikidata. * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: [[d:Q82069695|SARS-CoV-2 (Q82069695)]] - virus that causes COVID-19 * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase Lexemes]]: [[d:Lexeme:L303896|øye (L303896)]] - Norwegian noun (ˈœʏə) meaning "organ of sight", "gaze or look", or "point of view" ''' Development ''' * Mobile editing of statements: We developed the first pieces of the edit mode as well as the ability to add statements. You can always follow along on [https://m.wikidata.beta.wmcloud.org/wiki/Q424242 beta Wikidata] and find more information on the [[d:Wikidata:Usability and usefulness/Item editing experience/Mobile editing of statements|project page]]. * Wikidata integration in the other Wikimedia projects: We are continuing to look into reducing the number of changes that show up on Wikipedia and co's Recent changes and Watchlist ([[phab:T401284]]) * Federation: We looked at previous requests to add new endpoints to the list of SPARQL endpoints you can federate with and are cleaning up the process for getting new ones added. If you have one you'd like to write federated SPARQL queries to now is a good time to [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikidata@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/VYCK46OQWF5IZERU5LFMHDLENI62NQJP/ request them]. * Lexicographical data: You can now limit searches to Lexemes with a Lemma in a specific spelling variant with the '''haslemma''' keywords and to Lexemes with a specific language with the '''in language''' keyword. Examples: [https://www.wikidata.org/w/index.php?search=lexeme%3Ahaslemma%3Aen-au%2Cen-ca&title=Special%3ASearch&profile=advanced&fulltext=1&ns0=1&searchToken=9no6tq1pxsndwkxnvs7p8av0e 1] [https://www.wikidata.org/w/index.php?search=inlanguage%3Aoc&title=Special%3ASearch&profile=advanced&fulltext=1&ns146=1&searchToken=4zxweq7wlit9q2rhcljfk1zp5 2] ([[phab:T271776]]) * GraphQL: We are evaluating feedback we received so far. If you are developing applications with Wikidata's data it'd be great if you could [[d:Wikidata:Wikibase GraphQL prototype|have a look at the current prototype and provide feedback]]. * Dumps: We are experimenting to see how we can provide smaller subset dumps for Wikidata ([[phab:T400870]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] . [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] . [[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] . [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|<span class="signature-talk">{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}</span>]]) [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|<span class="signature-talk">{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}</span>]]) [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 13:30, 1 September 2025 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=29142512 --> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=29142512 --> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=29207107 --> == Tech News: 2025-36 == <section begin="technews-2025-W36"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/36|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The Editing team wants to compile a list of templates, jargon terms, and policies used in edit summaries when a copyright violation is removed. This will help them identify the number of edits reverted due to copyright issues. We invite community members from the following Wikis to list these terms in [[Phab:T402601|T402601]], or to share their list with [[User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek_(WMF)]]: {{int:project-localized-name-arwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-cswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-dewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-enwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-eswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-fawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-frwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-idwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-itwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-jawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nlwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-plwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ptwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-trwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ukwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-viwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-zhwiki/en}}. This project is open until September 9th 2025. '''Updates for editors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] has been enabled for all Wikisources. The extension makes it easier to organize and participate in collaborative activities, like edit-a-thons and WikiProjects, on the wikis. The extension has three features: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event Center/Registration|Event Registration]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Collaboration list|Collaboration List]], and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Connection Team/Invitation list|Invitation List]]. To request the extension for your wiki, visit the Deployment information page. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/CampaignEvents/Deployment_status#How_to_Request_the_CampaignEvents_Extension_for_your_wiki] * The lists in the footer of the editing interface, such as "Templates used on this page," will now be organized into columns when there is enough space. This enhancement minimizes scrolling when editing lengthy articles on Wikipedia. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401066] * On September 3rd, 2025 we will increase the sampling percentages of our [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools/Watchlist/Experiment#Scope of the experiment|group by toggle experiment]] of the <code>Special:RecentChanges</code>, <code>Special:Watchlist</code>, and <code>Special:RelatedChanges</code> pages on the Chinese, French, and Portuguese Wikipedias to 100 percent, allowing more editors to be part of this experiment. This adjustment is intended to ensure we have sufficient data to make informed decisions when evaluating the experiment results. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402958][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T396789] * Upon clicking an empty search bar, logged-out users will see suggestions of articles for further reading on English Wikipedia beginning the week of September 22. The feature will be available on both desktop and mobile. All non-English wikis received this change in June and July. The goal is to make it easier for users to find articles. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Content Discovery Experiments/Search Suggestions|Learn more]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:37}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:37|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.17|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * Wikifunctions now has a new capability called "lightweight enumeration types", an enumeration type is simply a fixed set of values that's in the type's definition. This capability makes it quick and easy to define such a type, and allows for the reuse of values that are already present in Wikidata. Here is [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-07-19|a newsletter]] to learn more. * The latest [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Newsletter updates#August 2025: Newsletter #1|Readers Newsletter]] is now available. This edition includes: the formation of two new teams — Reader Growth and Reader Experience; insights into declining pageviews and account creations; highlights from the Wikimania Nairobi panel on improving the reading experience; upcoming experiments to engage new and existing readers; and more. '''Meetings and events''' * Spotlight on some Wikimania 2025 Sessions: ** Identifying AI-generated text by searching for ISBNs whose checksums fail: Mathias Schindler of WMDE [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dw9o8Lsl974&t=15910s shared tools to help communities search for these]. ** [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/TCHZKH/ La durabilité du mouvement Wikimedia face aux défis actuels et futurs]: This session explored how Wikimedia can stay a trusted source of knowledge in the age of generative AI, information overload, and disinformation. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/36|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W36"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 20:45, 1 September 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29196010 --> == This Month in Education: August 2025 == <div class="plainlinks" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 14 • Issue 8 • August 2025</span> <div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/August 2025|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/August 2025/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div> <div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div> <div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;"> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Bootcamp Wikipedia in Classroom|Bootcamp Wikipedia in Classroom]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Brazil launches campaign about Open Science on Wiki|Brazil launches campaign about Open Science on Wiki]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Breaking Barriers: Yoruba Wikipedia Fan Club Offa's Historic Wins|Breaking Barriers: Yoruba Wikipedia Fan Club Offa's Historic Wins]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Emerging Voices in Free Knowledge: The Journey of Wiki Club SATI|Emerging Voices in Free Knowledge: The Journey of Wiki Club SATI]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/From a Curious Student to a Wikimedia Leader|From a Curious Student to a Wikimedia Leader]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/From webinars to conferences: Wikimedia Ukraine’s approach to events for educators|From webinars to conferences: Wikimedia Ukraine’s approach to events for educators]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Higher education with Wikipedia in Spain|Higher education with Wikipedia in Spain]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Scientific Contribution from Serbia: Wikipedia in Education Research Published in a Prestigious Journal|Scientific Contribution from Serbia: Wikipedia in Education Research Published in a Prestigious Journal]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Teachers with Wikipedia. What if we create a Spanish-speaking collaboration network|Teachers with Wikipedia. What if we create a Spanish-speaking collaboration network]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/The brains behind Wikipedia|The brains behind Wikipedia]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Why EduWiki Should Be Considered by Policymakers|Why EduWiki Should Be Considered by Policymakers]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Wikimedia Chile in Visviri: Free knowledge and education at Chile’s starting point|Wikimedia Chile in Visviri: Free knowledge and education at Chile’s starting point]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Wikipedia as a tool presented at Media Education Summer School for Teachers|Wikipedia as a tool presented at Media Education Summer School for Teachers]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Wikipedia vs AI at La Trobe University|Wikipedia vs AI at La Trobe University]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/St Aloysius University – Wikipedia training session for newcomers|St Aloysius University – Wikipedia training session for newcomers]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Wiki Loves Academics, WUGN Kaduna|Wiki Loves Academics, WUGN Kaduna]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/In Just 3 Minutes: The Power of Wiki Education|In Just 3 Minutes: The Power of Wiki Education]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Sensing Cebu: Fieldnotes of an Academic as a Wiki Volunteer|Sensing Cebu: Fieldnotes of an Academic as a Wiki Volunteer]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 15:16, 2 September 2025 (UTC)</div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&oldid=29205629 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-37 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:it:Ttongsul]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:ja:トンスル]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Ttongsul (imitation).jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> Il '''ttongsul''' (똥술), o vino di feci, è una tradizionale preparazione medicinale coreana con gradazione alcolica al 9% a base di feci, solitamente umane e preferibilmente di bambino. Nato probabilmente traendo spunto dalla medicina tradizionale cinese, nelle credenze popolari il vino di feci avrebbe proprietà benefiche per molti tipi di malesseri: sarebbe un rimedio per dolori muscolari, ustioni, infiammazioni, epilessia e fratture ossee. Sebbene alcuni media occidentali abbiano in passato riportato che questa bevanda sia diffusa tra la popolazione coreana, al giorno d'oggi un numero molto limitato di persone ne fa uso, dopo aver subito un declino di popolarità nei secoli scorsi, tanto che la maggioranza dei giovani coreani non ne ha mai sentito parlare. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 02:28, 8 September 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29195081 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #696 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2025-09-08. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#695]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * New requests for permissions/Bot:[[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Bot/IndExsBot| IndExsBot]] - Task(s): Add Subject external identifier [[d:Property:P12371|IndExs Exsiccata editor ID (P12371)]] to existing persons which are stated in the indexes of [[d:Q125246464|Exsiccatae]] database. ''' Events ''' * Past events: ** The [[:m:WikiCite 2025|WikiCite 2025]] conference took place in Berne, Switzerland. It showcased WikiCite-related efforts across multiple wikis, disciplines, languages and countries. Most of it was both streamed and recorded, and the videos are currently being processed. ** The [[:toolforge:scholia/event/Q131386723|SEMANTICS 2025]] conference took place in Vienna, Austria. Wikidata was mentioned in several keynotes and multiple other talks, posters and demos. The poster [[:commons:File:The Wikidata Query Service split and its impact on the scholarly graph - poster at the SEMANTICS 2025 conference.pdf|The Wikidata Query Service split and its impact on the scholarly graph]] zoomed in on the [[d:Wikidata:SPARQL query service/WDQS graph split|WDQS graph split]]. * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: ** [[d:Wikidata:Thirteenth Birthday|Wikidata's 13th Birthday]] update: Funding applications are now closed, and the review process is underway. Applicants will be notified about the status of their submissions shortly. Are you planning to organize an event for the birthday but haven’t added it to the calendar yet? You can do so here: [[d:Wikidata:Thirteenth Birthday/Calendar|Wikidata:Thirteenth Birthday/Calendar]] 🎉 ** The deadline for the [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikidata@lists.wikimedia.org/message/EPB4LTXZA2FFUINWUC3LAGHYWG6ZED6Y/ Fall 2025 MediaWiki Users & Developers Conference] CfP is extended until September 15th. The conference will be held on October 28 - 30th, and hosted by the TIB Leibniz Centre in Hanover, Germany. ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs: Past, Present and Future: a Wikimedian-in-Residence at the Biodiversity Heritage Library: TiagoLubiana reflects on their tenure at the [[d:Q172266|BHL (Q172266)]], integrating the biodiversity collections into the Wikimedia projects. [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/08/30/past-present-and-future-a-wikimedian-in-residence-at-the-biodiversity-heritage-library/ Read on Diff Blog] * Papers: Revealing hidden figures within natural history collections by empowering students with data sleuthing skills - Mabry et al.,(2025) [https://acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/nse2.70025 Read here] * Videos: ** WiLES Wikidata Lexicographical Event Semantics modeling for natural languages (LD4 2025) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2JAi0p1aJzM YouTube] ** Wikidata presentations and lightning talks (LD4 2025) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6Kj_QNklPbs YouTube] ** On Wikiskills 1st Wikidata Training (Africa Wiki Women) [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=xnCOBqResik YouTube] ** (French) Lors de la 1ère formation Wikidata de Wikiskills [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=E92TkPJvomY YouTube] ** Plugging into the WikiVerse: A Plug for a Wikidata Plug-in for ArchivesSpace [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=2Jwlu_AXcV4 YouTube] * Presentations: ** [[m:WikiCite_2025|WikiCite 2025]] presentation slidedecks can be found linked individually from the [[m:m:WikiCite_2025/Programme|programme page]] or collectively on the [[c:Category:WikiCite_2025_presentation_slides|Commons category]]. ** [https://slides.com/wragge/wikifest-slv-2025 Wikidata / GLAM a few experiments]... by Tim Sherratt showcasing reuse of Wikidata ''' Tool of the week ''' * Dacit is a listening-training app for cochlear implant users, built as part of a Master's Thesis for LMU Munich, it is powered by Wikidata-lexicographical data. Practice with 3 different excercises; identify (German-language) speakers, words and minimal pairs in your [https://dacit.kristbaum.org/ browser] or as an [https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.kristbaum.dacit&hl=en android app] * [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/User:TomT0m/LexToWiktionary.js LexToWiktonary]is a userscript that adds a Wiktionary links button on Wikidata Lexeme pages. It checks the lemmas of a lexeme, finds matching entries across different Wiktionary language editions, and shows them in a popup for quick access, with an option to expand to all Wiktionaries. ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * The submission deadline for [[d:Event:WikidataCon 2025|WikidataCon]] proposals has passed. Proposals that were submitted in time can still be edited until Sep 9. Proposals are hidden by default, but [[d:Event:WikidataCon 2025/Submissions|a page for sharing submissions]] is available and can facilitate coordination. * [[mw:Help:Growth/Tools/Help panel|Help Panel]] has been deployed on [https://www.wikidata.beta.wmcloud.org/wiki/Wikidata:Main_Page Wikidata Beta].🎉 This is a feature designed to guide contributors with quick links to relevant help pages. It currently appears in read mode across most pages and can be configured by admins. You can enable it in your Beta preferences under "Newcomer features". To help shape its future on Wikidata, we're inviting you to test it and share feedback on [[mw:Help_talk:Growth/Tools/Help_panel|this talk]] page. ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P13768|form factor]] (<nowiki>physical design paradigm this object is aligned with</nowiki>) * New External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P13751|The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms entry ID]], [[:d:Property:P13752|The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military entry ID]], [[:d:Property:P13753|Valais cantonal parliament ID]], [[:d:Property:P13754|Arcanes ID]], [[:d:Property:P13755|A Dictionary of Travel and Tourism entry ID]], [[:d:Property:P13756|IGDB keyword ID]], [[:d:Property:P13757|A Dictionary of Dentistry entry ID]], [[:d:Property:P13758|Record Group Number of the National Archives Administration, National Development Council, Taiwan (R.O.C.)]], [[:d:Property:P13760|A Dictionary of Environment and Conservation entry ID]], [[:d:Property:P13761|Doha Dictionary root id]], [[:d:Property:P13762|Sharjah Dictionary root id]], [[:d:Property:P13763|Saulchoir library ID]], [[:d:Property:P13764|Observer tag]], [[:d:Property:P13765|‎Hamburger Frauenbiografien ID]], [[:d:Property:P13766|Ophardt Team Sportevent person ID]], [[:d:Property:P13767|Museum of Fine Arts, Lyon object ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Release date of film|Release date of film]] (<nowiki>The date when a film was first released to the public</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/part number 2|part number 2]] (<nowiki>identifier for a product or part designated by its manufacturer for inventory and ordering purposes</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/backwards compatible with|backwards compatible with]] (<nowiki>backwards compatible with the identified platform, software, or system</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/level or map of|level or map of]] (<nowiki>video games that this video game level or map belongs to</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/resistance|resistance]] (<nowiki>Resistance of organisms (systems) to common adverserial influences like pests, pathogens, drugs, attack vectors, ...</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/GBFS feed URL|GBFS feed URL]] (<nowiki>URL of a GBFS feed for the bicycle-sharing system</nowiki>) * New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/GENC 3-character code|GENC 3-character code]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/L'Équipe athlete ID|L'Équipe athlete ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Sancho el Sabio Foundation ID|Sancho el Sabio Foundation ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/British Authors author ID|British Authors author ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Gamepadla ID|Gamepadla ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/VGA Legacy MKIII ID|VGA Legacy MKIII ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Noormags ID|Noormags ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/qamus.inoor.ir entry ID|qamus.inoor.ir entry ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/RSQV ID|RSQV ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Naturalis authority ID|Naturalis authority ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Digital Library of the Community of Madrid ID|Digital Library of the Community of Madrid ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Trainspo model ID|Trainspo model ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: [https://w.wiki/FG$r Number of hospital beds] ([https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Request_a_query Source]) * Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]]: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:WikiProject_ASBS_2025 WikiProject ASBS 2025] - Aims to Engage the botanical community at the 2025 ASBS Conference to promote and enhance contributions to Wikidata, Wikipedia, and Wikimedia Commons. * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase Lexemes]]: [[d:Lexeme:L739282|PC (L739282)]] - English noun (ˌpiːˈsiː) meaning "Personal Computer", "Printed Circuit", or "Peace Corps" ''' Development ''' * We're investigate options for improving information saved while publishing ([[phab:T403149]]) * Mobile Editing Experience: we added multi-language support ([[phab:T402630|T402630]]) * Wikidata integration in the other Wikimedia projects: We are continuing to look into reducing the number of changes that show up on Wikipedia and co's Recent changes and Watchlist from edits to aliases ([[phab:T401288]]), [[m:m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Reduce_change_propagation_noise#More_granular_Alias_tracking|more info]] [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] . [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] . [[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] ·[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 15:41, 8 September 2025 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=29224612 --> == ''The Signpost'': 9 September 2025 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[File:WikipediaSignpostIcon.svg|40px|right]] ''News, reports and features from the English Wikipedia's newspaper''</div> <div style="column-count:2;"> * News and notes: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-09-09/News and notes|Wikimedia Foundation loses a round in court]] * In the media: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-09-09/In the media|Congress probes, mayor whitewashed, AI stinks]] * Disinformation report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-09-09/Disinformation report|A guide for Congress]] * Recent research: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-09-09/Recent research|Minority-language Wikipedias, and Wikidata for botanists]] * Technology report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-09-09/Technology report|A new way to read Wikisource]] * Traffic report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-09-09/Traffic report|Check out some new ''Weapons'', weapon of choice]] * Essay: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-09-09/Essay|The one question]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost|Read this Signpost in full]]''' · [[w:en:Wikipedia:Signpost/Single|Single-page]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Signpost|Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] 01:08, 9 September 2025 (UTC) <!-- Sent via script ([[w:en:User:JPxG/SPS]]) --></div> <!-- Message sent by User:Bri@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Signpost&oldid=29233676 --> == Tech News: 2025-37 == <section begin="technews-2025-W37"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/37|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The Editing team is working on a new check: [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Paste check|Paste check]]. This check informs newcomers who paste text into Wikipedia that the content might not be accepted. This check is an effort to increase the likelihood that the new content people are adding to Wikipedia is aligned with the Movement's commitment to offering information under a free content license. This check will soon be tested at a few wikis. If your community is interested in this test, please [[phab:T403680|tell us in this task]], or [[mw:Talk:Edit check|contact the team]]. '''Updates for editors''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Later this week, users of the "{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}" [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta feature]] will be able to use a [[w:en:Lint (software)|linting tool]] to see errors or other potential problems in wikitext in real time. See the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Linting|help page for more information]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T381577] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] When browsing a wiki (like <code dir=ltr>en.wikipedia.org</code>), the software responds in one of two ways: a desktop page, or a redirect to a mobile version on an "m" domain (like <code dir=ltr>en.m.wikipedia.org</code>). Over the next three weeks, MediaWiki will start displaying the mobile version to mobile devices directly on the standard domain, without this redirect. This change does not affect existing m-dot URLs, or the "Desktop view" opt-out. [[mw:Requests for comment/Mobile domain sunsetting/2025 Announcement|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T214998] * When an edit changes the categories of a page, the changes to the category membership counts are now happening asynchronously. This improves the speed of saving edits, especially when moving many pages to or from the same category, and reduces the risk of site outages, but it means that the counts can show outdated information for a few minutes. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T365303] * Edits on Wikidata to qualifiers (properties and values) and references (properties and values) in a Wikidata item statement will now not add entries to the RecentChanges or Watchlist pages on all other Wikis. This is a temporary change to improve performance while other solutions are created. Wikidata's own pages remain unchanged. [[m:Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects/Reduce change propagation noise#Phase 1: Turn off (temporarily) Qualifiers and References Wikidata edits to the Recent Changes tables|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401286][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T400698] * Japanese-language wikis have had a major upgrade to the way that search works. The new search should generally give more accurate and more relevant search results. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T318269] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:31}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:31|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.18|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/37|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W37"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 01:09, 9 September 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29238161 --> == ''This Month in GLAM'': August 2025 == {| style="width:100%;" | valign="top" align="center" style="border:1px gray solid; padding:1em;" | {| align="center" |- | style="text-align: center;" | [[File:This Month in GLAM logo 2018.png|350px|center|link=outreach:GLAM/Newsletter]]<br /> <hr /> <div style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; text-align:center;">[[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/August 2025|<span style="color:darkslategray;">This Month in GLAM – Volume XV, Issue VIII, August 2025</span>]]</div> <hr /><br /> |- style="text-align: center;" | <span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman;"> '''<u>Headlines</u>'''</span> |- style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; text-align:center;" | <div style="text-align:left; column-count:2; column-width:28em; vertical-align:top;"> * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/August 2025/Contents/Albania report|Albania report]]: Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos campaign 2025 in Albania and Kosovo * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/August 2025/Contents/Brazil report|Brazil report]]: Expanding Cultural Heritage in Brazil: School communities, Wikisource course, GLAM-Wiki Impact and Wiki Takes Alcântara * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/August 2025/Contents/India report|India report]]: Digitization starts at two more libraries in West Bengal * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/August 2025/Contents/Indonesia report|Indonesia report]]: Grant for GLAM Indonesia is open! * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/August 2025/Contents/Italy report|Italy report]]: From food festivals to PhD courses: Wikimedia in Italian academia * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/August 2025/Contents/New Zealand report|New Zealand report]]: NZ species edit-a-thons, a scholarly article, a course, and Auckland Museum editors at Wikimania * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/August 2025/Contents/Nigeria report|Nigeria report]]: Highlights from Wiki Heritage Fellowship and Policy Advocacy in Nigeria * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/August 2025/Contents/Macedonia report|North Macedonia report]]: Wiki Loves Film – Collaboration with MakeDox Film Festival * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/August 2025/Contents/Poland report|Poland report]]: WikiChełmoński: When Wikipedia Becomes a Guide in the Museum * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/August 2025/Contents/Switzerland report|Switzerland report]]: BAM Hackathon, 3D for Cultural Heritage, Wiki Cite * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/August 2025/Contents/UK report|UK report]]: Working towards more image sharing * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/August 2025/Contents/USA report|USA report]]: Wiknics * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/August 2025/Contents/Biodiversity Heritage Library report|Biodiversity Heritage Library report]]: News on BHL transition and updates on work by BHLWiki Working Group members * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/August 2025/Contents/AvoinGLAM report|AvoinGLAM report]]: Steps towards a sustainable cultural commons * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/August 2025/Contents/Memory of the World report|Memory of the World report]]: A pivotal month * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/August 2025/Contents/Wikisource report|Wikisource report]]: Wikisource Reader app released on Google Play Store * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/August 2025/Contents/Events|Calendar]]: September's GLAM events </div> |- | style="font-family:Times New Roman; text-align:center; font-size:85%;" | [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter|Read this edition in full]] &bull; [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/August 2025/Single|Single-page]] |- | valign="top" colspan="2" style="padding:0.5em; font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:center; font-size:85%;" | To assist with preparing the newsletter, please visit the [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/Newsroom|newsroom]]. Past editions may be viewed [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/Archives|here]]. |- |} |} <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:GLAM/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in GLAM'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/GLAM|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · [[:m:User:Romaine|Romaine]] 18:25, 11 September 2025 (UTC)</div> <!-- Message sent by User:Romaine@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/GLAM&oldid=29253474 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-38 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Pak Kum-chol]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Pak Kum-chol in 1961 (cropped).jpg|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Pak Kum-chol''' was a North Korean politician. Having been a guerrilla during the anti-Japanese struggle, he became a high-ranking politician after the liberation of Korea. Pak aligned himself with his former guerrilla brothers in arms from the Kapsan Operation Committee to form a faction within the ruling Workers' Party of Korea (WPK) called the "Kapsan faction". This faction sought to replace Kim Il Sung with Pak. Kim retaliated by purging the faction in 1967 in what is known as the Kapsan faction incident. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 02:18, 15 September 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29249252 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #697 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2025-09-15. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#696]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * Project Chat: [[d:Wikidata:Project_chat#Multiple_items_linked_to_single_categories,_redux|Multiple items linked to single categories, redux]] ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: ** The New Linked Data for Libraries [[Wikidata: WikiProject LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group|LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group]] project series introduces participants to Wikidata/EMCO. The session guides attendees through creating a project and project page, followed by an open working hour for creating and editing in Wikidata and asking questions. Join on Tuesday, September 16th at 9am PT / 12pm ET / 16:00 UTC / 6pm CEST. More details and Zoom links are on the [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_LD4_Wikidata_Affinity_Group/Project_Series/IntroEMCO|project page]]. **[[w:pt:Wikipédia:Edit-a-thon/Atividades em português/Wikidata Lab XLVI|Wikidata Lab XLVI: Wikidata and semantic memory]] (in English). On September 18th, at 17UTC. Live [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o1blwYH68xI on Youtube]. ** '''Virtual course: Wikidata and public domain (in Spanish)'''. On September 25th start this online course until March 26, 2026. [https://www.articaonline.com/curso-en-linea-wikidata-y-dominio-publico/ Registration open on this form]. ** [[d:Event:Govdirectory US office hour September 2025|Govdirectory US office hour]], 25 September ** [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikimedia-l@lists.wikimedia.org/message/GM6ODGJLVISTTXGSPPGS6W2TVAPI3QQA/ Apply now: Scholarships for Wikimania 2026 in Paris!] Deadline is October 31, 2025 (anywhere in the world). Notification of decisions will be sent in January 2026. ** Notifications for [[d:Wikidata:Thirteenth_Birthday|Wikidata Thirteenth Birthday]] microgrant applications are currently being sent out in batches. If you are planning to run an event but have not yet added your event to the calendar, please do so here: [[d:Wikidata:Thirteenth_Birthday/Calendar|Wikidata:Thirteenth_Birthday/Calendar]] ** [[d:Event:WikidataCon_2025|WikidataCon 2025]] proposal reviews are about to end. We are currently building an initial programme and will soon inform Speakers before publishing a first Schedule! ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs: GLAM Newsletter: Biodiversity Heritage Library update, harvesting Wikidata identifiers and improving the [https://bhl2wiki.herokuapp.com/ BHL2Wiki Tool] - ''[[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/August_2025/Contents/Biodiversity_Heritage_Library_report|Read the article]]'' * Videos: ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=kArK6yf4jGA EduWiki Conference - Using AI on Wikipedia and Wikidata Editing for Health Education] ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=6gjBPOXm-ak Using Duplicity: Link Wikipedia articles to Wikidata Items] ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=7kNjuXnsa6c How to Get the Used Language in WIKIDATA/SPARQL with [AUTO_LANGUAGE Parameter] ** (Spanish) [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=JmGNeehrnUc Let's improve information about Carnival on Wikidata] ** Wikidata Lab XLVI: Wikidata and Semantic Memory, don't miss the workshop! (scheduled: 18.09.25, 1700 UTC) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o1blwYH68xI&pp=ygUIV2lraWRhdGE%3D YouTube] * WikiCite 2025 Presentations: ** Extracting citation relations from legacy publications, by David Lindeman - [[c:File:Extracting_citation_relations_from_legacy_publications.webm|watch on Commons]] ** A proposal for managing personal collections in Wikidata, by Tania Maio - [[c:File:Maio_Wikicite_2025.webm|watch on Commons]] ''' Tool of the week ''' *[https://paulina.toolforge.org/ Paulina] is a Wikidata-based tool for the GLAM community that facilitates searching for authors and works, helps identify their copyright status in different countries, and provides access to works when available. ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * Help us test the new [[mw:Help:Growth/Tools/Help_panel|Help Panel]] feature, now enabled on [https://www.wikidata.beta.wmcloud.org/wiki/Wikidata:Main_Page Wikidata Beta] * The Wikimedia Foundation launched a new team, the [[mw:Wikidata Platform|Wikidata Platform Team]], to lead development and maintenance of query services, aiming for stable, scalable data access in collaboration with WMDE and the community. ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes: **[[:d:Property:P13769|open meeting page URL]] (<nowiki>information page describing open meetings, public meetings or town hall meetings</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P13773|‎LSF rating]] (<nowiki>Indonesia film classification administered by the Film Censorship Board</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P13783|‎designed for handedness]] (<nowiki>hand(s) that this object is intended to be used with</nowiki>) *New External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P13770|Personnel de l'administration préfectorale depuis 1945 ID]], [[:d:Property:P13771|La Fayette ID]], [[:d:Property:P13772|Harper's tag]], [[:d:Property:P13774|‎TechnoMusicWorld artist ID]], [[:d:Property:P13775|‎TechnoMusicWorld track ID]], [[:d:Property:P13776|‎Serbian settlement ID]], [[:d:Property:P13777|‎setlist.fm festival ID]], [[:d:Property:P13778|ScholarGPS scholar ID]], [[:d:Property:P13779|ScholarGPS institution ID]], [[:d:Property:P13780|ScholarGPS field and discipline ID]], [[:d:Property:P13781|ScholarGPS specialty ID]], [[:d:Property:P13782|The Digital Ark person ID]], [[:d:Property:P13784|MHOBT ID]], [[:d:Property:P13785|Gamepadla ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/NRK topic ID|NRK topic ID]] (<nowiki></nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/result of addition|result of addition]] (<nowiki>mathematical result obtained by adding two or more numbers or quantities together</nowiki>) * New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/OpenStreetMap key|OpenStreetMap key]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Meetup.com Event ID|Meetup.com Event ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Biological Imaging Methods Ontology ID|Biological Imaging Methods Ontology ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Anne Frank House persond ID|Anne Frank House persond ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/PortableApps ID|PortableApps ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Identifiant Maitron d'une commune|Identifiant Maitron d'une commune]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/National Library Board Singapore ID (new scheme)|National Library Board Singapore ID (new scheme)]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/NWO Project ID|NWO Project ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/OpenITI Author URI|OpenITI Author URI]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/DisplaySpecifications.com model ID|DisplaySpecifications.com model ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/网易云音乐专辑编号|网易云音乐专辑编号]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/PnP vendor ID|PnP vendor ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/PnP device ID|PnP device ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Mellopedia|Mellopedia]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: ** [https://w.wiki/FLRz Artworks owned by Perls Dynasty] - see it visualised on [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0GPlcOvCVMo&list=PLkHbiY2yRD8rlWkuKf-Utl7GTuW37grZQ&index=5 YouTube] ** [https://w.wiki/tBr BubbleChart of Wikidata Lexeme forms by language] ** [https://w.wiki/FLUM Institutions that host the most UNESCO Memory of the World International Register inscriptions] ([[:d:User:MartinPoulter/queries/memory_of_the_world|Source]]) * Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]]: [[d:Wikidata:Wikiproject_University_of_Toronto_Libraries_EMCO|University of Toronto Libraries EMCO]], [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Jewish_Studies_and_Jewish_Heritage|Jewish Studies and Heritage]] * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: [[d:Q6911|Diary of Anne Frank (Q6911)]] - famous diary of a 13-year old Dutch Jewish girl hiding from the Nazis to escape the Holocaust * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase Lexemes]]:[[d:Lexeme:L4476|blow (L4476)]] - English verb (bloʊ) meaning "to push air", "to explode", or "to perform fellatio" ''' Development ''' * Scalability/sustainability: We have rolled out changes to minimize the number of entries stored in the recent changes tables of Wikipedia and co that are edits coming from Wikidata. This also reduces the number of changes from Wikidata you will see showing up in Recent changes and watchlist on Wikipedia and co further. * [https://modelcontextprotocol.io MCP] for Wikidata: We are getting it ready for first testing. * Dumps: We are continuing to investigate how to provide smaller/subset dumps. * [[d:Wikidata:Usability and usefulness/Item editing experience/Mobile editing of statements|Mobile statement editing]]: We are continuing the work on making statements editable, especially qualifiers and multiple references. * [[d:Q134301689|Anubis (Q134301689)]] anti-bot software was deployed on Wikibase Cloud and XTools to prevent site outages caused by bot traffic. ([[Phab:T399851|T399851]], [[Phab:T400229|T400229]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Govdirectory/Japan|Japan]] * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] . [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] . [[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] ·[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|<span class="signature-talk">{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}</span>]]) [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 14:51, 15 September 2025 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=29224612 --> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=29241745 --> == Tech News: 2025-38 == <section begin="technews-2025-W38"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/38|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * References lists that are made using the <code dir=ltr><nowiki><references/></nowiki></code> [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Cite#references-tag|tag]] will now automatically display with columns in Vector 2022 when readers are using its 'standard' settings for text-size and page-width. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334941] * Starting in the week of October 6, on [[gitiles:operations/mediawiki-config/+/a2d2aaab9ace84280dd2f4c70a33bb69cd73850f/dblists/small.dblist|small wikis]] and [[gitiles:operations/mediawiki-config/+/a2d2aaab9ace84280dd2f4c70a33bb69cd73850f/dblists/medium.dblist|medium wikis]] that have the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] enabled, all autoconfirmed users will be able to use [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event Center/Registration|Event Registration]] as an organizer. No changes will be made for [[gitiles:operations/mediawiki-config/+/a2d2aaab9ace84280dd2f4c70a33bb69cd73850f/dblists/large.dblist|large wikis]] unless requested in Phabricator. This change is being made to make it easier for more people to use Event Registration, especially on wikis that are less likely to have policies related to the Event Organizer right. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Proposal to grant autoconfirmed users on small and medium wikis the organizer access to the event registration tool|Learn more]]. * Users that search using regular expressions (regex) can now use additional features including: ** for the <code dir=ltr>intitle:</code> keyword: [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:CirrusSearch#Metacharacters|metacharacters]] for start-of-line (<code dir=ltr>^</code>) and end-of-line (<code dir=ltr>$</code>) anchors [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T317599] ** for both <code dir=ltr>intitle:</code> and <code dir=ltr>insource:</code> keywords: shorthand [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:CirrusSearch#Character_Classes|character classes]] for digits (<code dir=ltr>\d</code>), whitespace (<code dir=ltr>\s</code>), and word characters (<code dir=ltr>\w</code>); and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:CirrusSearch#Escape codes|escape codes]] for line feed (<code dir=ltr>\r</code>), newline (<code dir=ltr>\n</code>), tab (<code dir=ltr>\t</code>), and unicode (e.g. <code dir=ltr>\uHHHH</code>). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T403212] * When you search for text that looks like an IP, the system will now show search results. It used to take you to the contributions for that IP instead of showing search results. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T306325] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|All wikis will be read-only]] for a few minutes on September 24. This is planned at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1758726000 15:00 UTC]. This is for the datacenter server switchover backup tests which happen twice a year. You can [[diffblog:2025/03/12/hear-that-the-wikis-go-silent-twice-a-year/|read more about the background and details of this process on the Diff blog]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:24}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:24|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug was fixed that affected users who used the page-tabs to switch from wikitext editing of a section into the visualeditor. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401043] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The MediaWiki Interfaces team is redesigning the Wikimedia REST API Sandbox with Codex. If you have feedback on improvements for the API documentation or what makes developer experiences smooth (or frustrating), you’re invited to [https://calendar.google.com/calendar/u/0/appointments/schedules/AcZssZ2aZzbXeQvjOF7gB1fJXiwAYemQjKf4sXNaRODPA7_obFyNBwkzNkoVCoTF-aeov89kIjXHbCQm join an upcoming discovery interview], or [[mw:MediaWiki Interfaces Team/Developer Feedback/Wikimedia Web APIs|leave feedback onwiki]]. [[listarchive:list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/C4FBAOA57PH6G5ORVMAUF5TGYBLZDU5Q/|Learn more]]. * Edits to Wikidata aliases (an alternative name for an item or a property) will now be shown in RecentChanges and Watchlist entries on other wikis less often, reducing unnecessary notifications. This will reduce the overall quantity of 'noisy' entries. Wikidata's own pages remain unchanged. [[m:Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects/Reduce change propagation noise#Phase 1: More granular Alias tracking|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401288] * The new [https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode17.0.0/ Unicode 17.0] version has been released. The [[:c:Category:Unicode Module Datasets|datasets on Commons]] for the [[:d:Q39301585|Module:Unicode data]] have been updated. Wikipedias that do not use the Commons datasets should either update their own data or switch to the Commons datasets. * Users of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise|Wikimedia Enterprise]] Structured Contents endpoints can now access [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/parsed-wikipedia-tables/ Parsed Tables]. The new Parsed Tables feature extracts and represents Wikipedia tables in structured JSON. This improves machine accessibility as part of the [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/api/structured-contents/ Structured Contents initiative]. Structured Contents output is freely available through the [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/docs/on-demand/#article-structured-contents-beta On-demand API], or through Wikimedia Cloud Services. * A [https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/wikimedia-foundation/english-wikipedia-people-dataset dataset of English Wikipedia biographical information] from [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise|Wikimedia Enterprise]] has been published on Kaggle, for evaluation and research. This provides structured data from more than 1.5 million biographies, including birth and death dates, education, affiliations, careers, awards, and more (from a June 2024 snapshot). * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.19|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * [[wmania:Special:MyLanguage/2026:Scholarships|Scholarship applications]] for Wikimania 2026 in Paris, France, are open until October 31. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/38|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W38"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 17:02, 15 September 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29263921 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-39 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Federation of Central America (1921–1922)]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:es:Federación de Centro América (1921-1922)]])&#32;([[:ar:اتحاد أمريكا الوسطى (1921-1922)]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Central America's Northern Triangle (orthographic projection).png|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The '''Federation of Central America''' (Spanish: Federación de Centro América)[1] was a short-lived federal republic that existed in Central America between 1921 and 1922. The federation consisted of the Central American nations of El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 02:45, 22 September 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29311347 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #698 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2025-09-22. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#697]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: ** [[Event:Exploring Seediq: A Journey through Translation and Linked Data Documentation|Exploring Seediq: A Journey through Translation and Linked Data Documentation]] 25 October .This event will showcase the Seediq communities’ translation of the OCLC white paper on Wikibase, followed by an overview of the full paper. It will conclude with an open discussion on the lessons learned during the translation project and broader reflections on linked data. ** [[d:Event:Govdirectory US office hour September 2025|Govdirectory US office hour]], 25 September ** FREE virtual 1hr Wiki webinar focusing on plant biodiversity. Open to anyone wanting to improve their digital outreach skills by enriching Wikidata. Tuesday 14th of October at 3pm NZST. [https://tepapa.zoom.us/meeting/register/_g4sKy2KTYGMIhtNIAxGeA#/registration Register to get link]. ** [[d:Wikidata:Thirteenth Birthday|Wikidata’s 13th Birthday]] is just around the corner! Are you planning to host a celebration but haven’t added it to the calendar yet? Join the party! Thirty-nine (39) events are already scheduled, and yours can be too: [[d:Wikidata:Thirteenth Birthday/Calendar|Birthday Calendar]]. It’s also the perfect time to contribute a birthday present or message to [[d:Wikidata:Thirteenth Birthday/Presents & messages|this list]]. Gifts can be anything that celebrates Wikidata and its amazing community like a script you’ve written, a tool improvement, a visual, a poem... 🎉 ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Videos: (French) [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=RbxuPd7eprk Formation Wikidata 2 de WikiSkills] By Africa Wiki Women ''' Tool of the week ''' * [https://wikidata-todo.toolforge.org/duplicity/#/ Duplicity] This tool can pick a random article on a wiki without associated Wikidata item, and offer some possible matches on Wikidata, so you can add it to an existing item, or create a new one. ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * [[phab:T403210|Call for Projects and Mentors for Outreachy Round 31]]! If you have some ideas for coding or non-coding (design, documentation, translation, outreach, research) projects, share them by Sept. 26, 2025, at 4 pm UTC ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes: **[[:d:Property:P13787|number of ray tracing cores]] (<nowiki>number of ray tracing cores in a graphics processing unit</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P13788|VRAM capacity]] (<nowiki>amount of dual-ported video RAM (VRAM) modules used by this device</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P13789|‎has wireless capabilities]] (<nowiki>type of wireless connectivity this device has/supports</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P13794|date filed]] (<nowiki>filing date for a document, e.g. a patent or court case</nowiki>) * New External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P13785|Gamepadla ID]], [[:d:Property:P13786|OpenStreetMap key]], [[:d:Property:P13790|EU-ID]], [[:d:Property:P13791|Roma road ID]], [[:d:Property:P13792|‎LTT Labs product ID]], [[:d:Property:P13793|Swiss Performing Arts Vocabularies ID]], [[:d:Property:P13795|wikiHow article ID]], [[:d:Property:P13796|‎GamesIndustry.biz tag ID]], [[:d:Property:P13797|‎Dimensions.com element ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/image+display resolution|image+display resolution]] (<nowiki>pixel resolution of images generated or captured by this item (camera, software, etc)</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/firmware|firmware]] (<nowiki>firmware installed on this hardware</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/excluding work|excluding work]] (<nowiki>work or narration for or in which this statement is <em>false</em></nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/has grammatical number|has grammatical number]] (<nowiki>grammatical number used in this language</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Day of Reisai|Day of Reisai]] (<nowiki>Annual Festival done by a Shinto Shrine</nowiki>) * New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/https://football.aek.com/|https://football.aek.com/]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Météo-France place ID|Météo-France place ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Hex package|Hex package]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Maptons ID|Maptons ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BVPB catalog ID|BVPB catalog ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/dati.lnb.lv ID|dati.lnb.lv ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/The Needle Drop tag ID|The Needle Drop tag ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/AfterEllen tag ID|AfterEllen tag ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/OpenStreetMap relation type|OpenStreetMap relation type]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Them.us tag ID|Them.us tag ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/DOAB book ID|DOAB book ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/identifiant Liste unique des décorés|identifiant Liste unique des décorés]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Deník tag ID|Deník tag ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/The Oxford Dictionary of Architecture entry ID|The Oxford Dictionary of Architecture entry ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/qamus.inoor.ir root ID|qamus.inoor.ir root ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Filmarks ID|Filmarks ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: ** [https://w.wiki/FLJ7 A map of IEC 60320 power connectors] - a cool SPARQL visualisation, by [[d:User:IagoQnsi|User:IagoQnsi]] ** [https://w.wiki/FN5J 350 people who were married, then married the sibling of their previous spouse] ([https://bsky.app/profile/magnusmanske.wikis.world.ap.brid.gy/post/3lz4kuxvpcn62 source]) * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: [[d:Q33947|Northern Sami (Q33947)]] - famoumost widely spoken of all Sámi languages * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase Lexemes]]: [[d:Lexeme:L37547|Waage (L37547)]] – German noun (‘ˈvaːɡə’) meaning "scale (device for measuring mass)", "Libra constellation", or "equilibrium" ''' Development ''' * Mobile statement editing: We are working more on the editing state of statements, especially qualifiers and progress indicators during saving ([[phab:T402620]]) * Dumps: We fixed an issue with some of the dumps ([[phab:T403882]]) and are improving the monitoring * GraphQL: We are working on making it easier to get labels of linked entities in an API response, starting with Items ([[phab:T404692]]) * Sustainability: We have now rolled out improvements to the tracking of Wikidata changes on the other Wikimedia projects on all projects in order to decrease the size of the database table that tracks these changes ([[phab:T401288]]) * Bug fixes: Tacsipacsi submitted fixes for two issues in error messages on Special:SetSiteLink. Thank you! ([[phab:T404499]], [[phab:T404500]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Govdirectory/United_States_of_America|United States of America]] * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] · [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 15:17, 22 September 2025 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> [[Category:Wikidata status updates| ]] <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=29288740 --> == Tech News: 2025-39 == <section begin="technews-2025-W39"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/39|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1758726000 On September 24th at 15:00 UTC], all Wikimedia sites users will experience a brief read-only period due to a scheduled [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|datacenter server switchover]]. The Wikimedia Foundation's Site Reliability Engineering (SRE) team will redirect all traffic from one primary server to its backup. You can listen to the switchover using the [http://listen.hatnote.com/ "Listen to Wikipedia"] tool, where you will hear edits stop for a few minutes during the read-only phase, then resume. This twice-yearly datacenter server switchover ensures reliability by testing the backup datacenter, so that our sites can stay online even if the primary datacenter fails. You can [[diffblog:2025/03/12/hear-that-the-wikis-go-silent-twice-a-year/|read more about the process on the Diff blog]]. '''Updates for editors''' * Editors of [[f:Special:Mylanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-09-12#Next round of Wiktionaries to receive embedded Wikifunctions calls|60 more Wiktionaries]] will soon be able to call [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Introduction|functions from Wikifunctions]] and integrate them into their pages. A function takes one or more inputs and transforms them into a desired output, like adding numbers, converting miles to meters, calculating elapsed time, or declining a word into a case. They will join the other [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-08-29#Wikifunctions available on 65 Wiktionaries|65 Wiktionary language editions]], which already have access to embedded Wikifunctions calls. Later this year, plans are in place to expand to more Wiktionaries and the Incubator. * A new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#Technical metadata of another page|parser function]] has been added: <code><nowiki>{{#contentmodel}}</nowiki></code>. Template editors and admins can use it to get the localized or canonical name of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:ChangeContentModel|content model]] of a specific page. The function makes it easier to create and edit system messages, such as ''MediaWiki:editinginterface'', even when you switch types of pages, like wiki, JavaScript, CSS or JSON page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T328254] * Adding or editing a <code>DISPLAYTITLE</code> for an article using VisualEditor will no longer be broken. Editors who use VisualEditor mode to modify the <code><nowiki>{{DISPLAYTITLE}}</nowiki></code> would no longer have the literal text "DISPLAYTITLE" or its localized variant added to their articles. A list of pages that may have been affected and might need cleanup is documented in [[phab:P83438|this ticket]]. * Beta users of the Wikipedia Android app can now try the redesigned [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/Activity Tab Experiment|Activity tab]], which replaces the Edits tab. The new tab offers personalized insights into reading, editing, and donation activity, while simplifying navigation and making app use more engaging. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:12}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:12|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.20|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * Wikifunctions users can now import many essential facts involving [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Z6011|geo-coordinates]], [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Z6010|quantities]] and [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Z6064|time]] values from Wikidata. This is made possible by the creation of Wikifunctions types for these values, which makes them available for use by functions in Wikifunctions. Learn more about how this works in [[c:File:ImportingWikidataDatatypesIntoWikifunctions.webm|this video]] and Wikifunctions' [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-08-01#News in Types I: Wikidata quantity|August 1 newsletter]] (for quantities) and [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-08-22#News in Types: Wikidata geo-coordinate|August 22 newsletter]] (for geo-coordinates). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/39|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W39"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 22:51, 22 September 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29305556 --> == Users unable to create new pages on [[Wy/ff]] == Hello sir, can you help check this [https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incubator:Administrators%27_noticeboard#Error_in_Wikivoyage_Fulfulde_Incubator_(Wy/ff) this complain] please. Many of our community members are having this issue. [[User:De-Invincible|De-Invincible]] ([[User talk:De-Invincible|talk]]) 09:38, 27 September 2025 (UTC) :@[[User:De-Invincible|De-Invincible]] Probably you need to as this problem at [[I:AN]]? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 21:32, 27 September 2025 (UTC) ::The complain was posted there already by another user. I followed-up here thinking it might help in attending to the issue as quickly as possible. [[User:De-Invincible|De-Invincible]] ([[User talk:De-Invincible|talk]]) 08:51, 28 September 2025 (UTC) == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-40 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:it:Palazzo delle Poste (Latina)]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Postelittoria2.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> Il '''Palazzo delle Poste''', fino al 1945 Ricevitoria Postelegrafonica di Littoria, è un edificio postale di Latina, situato in piazzale dei Bonificatori. Costruito nel 1932 in stile razionalista con influenze futuriste, riscontrabili nell'utilizzo di ampie superfici vetrate e di volumi verticali, oltre che per la presenza di l’utilizzo di materiali e scelte di design molto in voga all'epoca come, come i mattoni a vista, il travertino di Tivoli e l'Anticorodal (una lega di alluminio), ospita l'ufficio postale Latina Centro. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 00:58, 29 September 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29341788 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #699 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2025-09-29. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#698]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * Open request for adminship: [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Administrator/Empat_Tilda|Empat Tilda]]: RfP scheduled to end after 3 October 2025 18:30 (UTC) ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: ** New Linked Data for Libraries [[d:Wikidata: WikiProject LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group|LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group]] project series! Mark your calendars for our first session of our WikiProject Personal Pronouns event series, which will provide a high-level overview of WikiProject Personal Pronouns' goals, past work, and implementation plans. The session will also serve as a practical orientation to the implementation work for this project, ending with a demonstration of the workflow to be used in subsequent sessions. No previous Wikidata experience is needed to participate. This session will be recorded. Slides and recordings will be found on the project page after the session. Join us Tuesday, September 30th at 9am PT/ 12pm ET/ 16:00 UTC / 6pm CEST ([https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?msg=LD4+Wikidata+Affinity+Group+Project+Series+Call&iso=20250930T09&p1=234&ah=1 Time zone converter]). Please see our [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group/Project Series/PersonalPronouns|project page]] for more information and Zoom links. ** Wikidata are hosting a [[d:Event:Embedding_Project_Webinar|webinar on the Embedding Project]]: AI/ML Project Manager Philippe Saadé (WMDE) will introduce the project, including early experiences, wins and pitfalls, and open up the floor to your questions. *** Takes place 1600 - 1700 UTC, October 9, 2025. *** Embedding Project? [[d:Wikidata:Embedding_Project|Read about it here]] *** Want to join the Webinar? [[d:Special:EventDetails/2196|Please register here with your Wiki account]] ** 🎁 Countdown to 13!🎁 Wikidata's 13th Birthday is fast approaching and this week marks the start of the first Birthday Events! For a full rundown of all Birthday Events, please see the [[d:Wikidata:Thirteenth_Birthday/Calendar|Birthday Calendar]].<br> Starting the month of celebrations this week include: Wali Wikimedians Community, Latin America in Wikidata 2025, Hausa Wikipedians User Group and the language communities of Zambia, Twi and Kinyarwanda and regional celebrations from the Northern Nigerian, Dagbani and Ghanaians Wikimedian communities! ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs: ** [https://tech-news.wikimedia.de/2025/09/19/enhanced-search-for-wikibase/ Enhanced Search for Wikibase] ** [https://cthoyt.com/2025/09/25/enriching-ror-with-wikidata.html Suggesting new relations in ROR from Wikidata] By Charles Tapley Hoyt * Papers: ** [https://arxiv.org/pdf/2505.15501 Protoknowledge Shapes Behaviour of LLMs: Text-to-SPARQL] ** [https://orb.binghamton.edu/librarian_fac/117/ Wikidata Workflows: with ORCiD and OpenRefine - a Binghamton University Case Study] By Sasha Frizzell - This lightning talk outlines Binghamton University Libraries’ pilot project to convert ORCID faculty data into Wikidata entries, showcasing linked data integration, data cleaning workflows, and strategies for enhancing institutional research visibility. * Videos: ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=PJSWWGuPzJE Wikidata tutorial: how to merge duplicate items] ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=DeHIq3wX7GE Wikidata Wikishootme SAT] ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=gEVKAoQc0jM How to Fetch Subclasses and Parent Classes in Wikidata SPARQL Queries] ** (Portuguese) [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=41FtK-tbrK4 Black women in history through Wikidata] ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nkUjnDEZuYU Provenance and Restitution: Shared knowledge graphs as a tool in recovering looted cultural heritage] ''' Tool of the week ''' *[https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/User:Jon_Harald_S%C3%B8by/senseItemLabel.js senseItemLabel] is a UserScript by [[User:Jon Harald Søby]] The Script Lets you add the lemma for the current lexeme as a label to items added to the lexeme's senses as [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property:P5137 item for this sense (P5137)] in one click. ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * If you've noticed a performance issue with Magnus Manske's MixMatch gagdet, [[d:User:IagoQnsi|User:IagoQnsi]] has suggested a fix, the comment and code is available from [[d:User_talk:Magnus_Manske/mixnmatch_gadget.js#Performance_fix|Talk:Magnus Manske#MixMatch performance]] ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * Newest General datatypes: **[[:d:Property:P13801|‎Lemmy instance URL]] (<nowiki>the Lemmy instance of or about the subject</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P13802|‎part number]] (<nowiki>identifier for a product or part designated by its manufacturer for inventory and ordering purposes</nowiki>) * Newest External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P13798|Noormags ID]], [[:d:Property:P13799|PnP device ID]], [[:d:Property:P13800|PnP vendor ID]], [[:d:Property:P13803|‎GENC 3-character code]], [[:d:Property:P13804|‎Sancho el Sabio Foundation ID]], [[:d:Property:P13805|‎British Authors author ID]], [[:d:Property:P13806|VGA Legacy MKIII graphics card ID]], [[:d:Property:P13807|‎qamus.inoor.ir entry ID]], [[:d:Property:P13808|PortableApps ID]], [[:d:Property:P13809|Chinese Engineers Relational Database ID]], [[:d:Property:P13810|‎DisplaySpecifications.com model ID]], [[:d:Property:P13811|Vix Vocal work id]], [[:d:Property:P13812|Naturalis author ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/maximum supported display resolution|maximum supported display resolution]] (<nowiki>maximum pixel resolution that this computing hardware or technological standard supports</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/cookie policy|cookie policy]] (<nowiki>cookie policy of this website, software or digital product</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/yayasan ID|yayasan ID]] (<nowiki>identifier for Indonesian foundation on vervalyayasan.data.kemdikbud.go.id</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/luminance|luminance]] (<nowiki>measured quantity of photometric brightness (luminous intensity per area)</nowiki>) * New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Filmarks ID|Filmarks ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Medicin.dk disorder ID|Medicin.dk disorder ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Interaktionsdatabasen ID|Interaktionsdatabasen ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/A Dictionary of Food and Nutrition entry ID|A Dictionary of Food and Nutrition entry ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/OpenStreetMap role|OpenStreetMap role]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/TechPowerUp CPU Specs Database ID|TechPowerUp CPU Specs Database ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/GPUZoo ID|GPUZoo ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CPU-World ID|CPU-World ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Adebiportal author|Adebiportal author]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/RIA Novosti person ID|RIA Novosti person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/The Oxford Dictionary of the Jewish Religion entry ID|The Oxford Dictionary of the Jewish Religion entry ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Qalamger.kz author ID|Qalamger.kz author ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Does the Dog Die? media ID|Does the Dog Die? media ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Sultanlar Ligi player ID|Sultanlar Ligi player ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: **[https://w.wiki/FRz9 maps of running and closed railway stations in Denmark] ** [https://w.wiki/FUDK Formula One Teams by employee count] - source: Discord * WikiProject Highlights: ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Piano_Rolls|Piano Rolls]] - has bee greatly expanded and subpages added. ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Open_Topstukken_Maastricht_University_and_Radboud_University/Manual|Open Topstukken Maastricht University and Radboud University]] - A user manual for contributing. * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: [[d:Q1059888|Because You Left (Q1059888)]] - episode of Lost (S5 E1) * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase Lexemes]]:[[d:Lexeme:L298686|Knoten (L298686)]] - German noun (ˈknoːtn̩) meaning "tied fastening of ropes/strings", "speed unit in aviation/shipping", or "tangled clump of hair" ''' Development ''' * Mobile statement editing: We continue to make good progress, which you can check out on [https://www.wikidata.beta.wmcloud.org/w/index.php?title=Q593112&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile beta Wikidata]. Specifically it is now possible to ** save changes to edits made to string Properties on statements (without losing qualifier / reference information) ([[phab:T401405]]) ** change the rank of statements ([[phab:T402436]]) * Query Service UI: jhsoby submitted patches for two issues related to the example dialog. Thank you! ([[phab:T405747]], [[phab:T405720]]) * Lexicographical data: 1F616EMO submitted a patch to fix a localization issue on the Lexeme page. Thank you! ([[phab:T322526]]) * Dumps: We fixed issues with the n-triples and truthy dumps generation and set up a [https://grafana.wikimedia.org/d/6c666ea5-01de-4325-9c32-41ee09882368/wikidata-data-dumps-monitoring?orgId=1&from=now-90d&to=now&timezone=utc dashboard for monitoring] ([[phab:T403882]]) * GraphQL: We are continuing to make labels of linked entities accessible in the GraphQL endpoint ([[phab:T404692]]) * Wikidata in Wikipedia and co: We are continuing to work on improvements to how we technically track the use of Wikidata in the other Wikimedia projects in order to reduce the amount of changes from Wikidata in the watchlist and recent changes on Wikipedia and co. * Wikidata Query Service GUI: We deployed two fixes by [[:d:User:Jon Harald Søby|User:Jon Harald Søby]], thank you! ([[phab:T405720]], [[phab:T405747]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Govdirectory/Bulgaria|Bulgaria]] * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] . [[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] ·[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 14:55, 29 September 2025 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=29355234 --> == Tech News: 2025-40 == <section begin="technews-2025-W40"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/40|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * A major software upgrade has been made to [[phab:|Phabricator]]. The update introduces performance improvements, a refreshed search interface, enhancements to Maniphest task search, updates to user profile pages and project workboards, new Herald automation features, as well as general text input, mobile experience improvements and more. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/phame/post/view/321/iterative_improvements_september_2025/] '''Updates for editors''' * The Community Tech team will release the new Community Wishlist extension on October 1, that will improve the way wishes will be submitted. The new extension will allow users to add tags to their wishes to better categorise them, and (in a future iteration) to filter them by status, tags and focus areas. It will also be possible to support individual wishes again, as requested by the community in many instances. The old system will be retired. There will be a brief period of downtime while the extension is deployed and wishes are migrated to the new system. You can read more about this [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Updates|in the latest update]] or you can consult the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CommunityRequests|current documentation on MediaWiki]]. * As announced [[diffblog:2025/09/02/better-detecting-bots-and-replacing-our-captcha/|on Diff blog]], the production trial of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Anti-abuse signals/hCaptcha|hCaptcha]] service for bot detection has begun. The trial is currently using hCaptcha to protect account creation on Chinese, Persian, Portuguese, Indonesian, Japanese, and Turkish Wikipedias, where it will replace our existing [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:ConfirmEdit#FancyCaptcha|CAPTCHA]] (FancyCaptcha). The goal with the trial is to better block bots while also improving usability and accessibility for users who encounter CAPTCHA challenges. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents]] extension has been [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status|deployed]] to Wikimedia Commons. The extension makes it easier to organize and participate in collaborative activities, like edit-a-thons and WikiProjects, on the wikis. On Commons, anyone who is a registered user can use it as an event participant. To use it as an organizer, someone needs to have the [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Event organizers|event organizer right]]. * [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|Sub-referencing]], a new feature to re-use references with different details has been released to German Wikipedia. You can [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#test|test the feature]] on testwiki or [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmcloud.org/wiki/Sub-referencing on betawiki] as well. Please share your thoughts on [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Templates used in sub-references|using templates in sub-references]] or [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Pilot wikis|volunteer to become a pilot wiki]]. * On wikis using the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Mentorship|Mentorship]] system, communities can now opt experienced editors out of Mentorship through [[{{#special:CommunityConfiguration/Mentorship}}]]. Within this setting, communities may define thresholds, based on edit count and account age, to decide when an editor is considered experienced enough to no longer receive Mentorship. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T403563] * The Editing Team and the Machine Learning Team are working on a new check for newcomers: [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Tone Check|Tone check]]. Using a prediction model, this check will encourage editors to improve the tone of their edits, using artificial intelligence. We invite volunteers to review the first version of the Tone language model for the following languages: Arabic, Czech, German, Hebrew, Indonesian, Dutch, Polish, Russian, Turkish, Chinese, Farsi, Italian, Norwegian, Romanian and Latvian. Users from these wikis interested in reviewing this model are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit_check/Tone_Check/Model_evaluation|invited to sign up at MediaWiki.org]]. The deadline to sign up is on October 3, which will be the start date of the test. * The rollout of [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manage blocks|multiblocks]] had the side effect that non-active block logs may have been shown on {{#special:Contributions}} and on blocked users' user and user_talk pages. This issue will be fully resolved in a few days. As part of the fix, [{{fullurl:Special:Allmessages|prefix=sp-contributions-blocked-notice}} messages prefixed with <code>sp-contributions-blocked-notice</code>] will be removed and replaced with [{{fullurl:Special:Allmessages|prefix=blocked-notice-logextract}} those prefixed with <code>blocked-notice-logextract</code>] in a few weeks. Please help translate the new messages and update any local overrides if needed. * There was a bug with links added using visual editor if they included characters such as <code dir=ltr><nowiki>[ ] |</nowiki></code> after the fragment identifier (<code><nowiki>#</nowiki></code>). They were not encoded properly creating an incorrect link. This has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T404823] * One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikiquote/en}} in [[d:Q9237|Malay]] ([[q:ms:|<code>q:ms:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T404698] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Anti-abuse signals/User Info|User Info Card]] now displays currently active global lock/blocks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401128] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Later this week, editors using Lua modules will be able to use the <code>[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#mw.title.newBatch|mw.title.newBatch]]</code> function to look up the existence of up to 25 pages at once, in a way that only increases the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Parser functions#Expensive parser functions|expensive function]] count once. * A new [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group|Unsupported Tools Working Group]] has been formed as part of ongoing efforts to collectively determine technical work priorities, similar to the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council|Product & Technology Advisory Council]] (PTAC). The working group will help prioritize and review requests for support of unmaintained extensions, gadgets, bots, and tools. For the first cycle, the group will be prioritizing an unsupported Wikimedia Commons tool. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.21|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/40|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W40"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 20:47, 29 September 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29355230 --> == ''The Signpost'': 2 October 2025 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[File:WikipediaSignpostIcon.svg|40px|right]] ''News, reports and features from the English Wikipedia's newspaper''</div> <div style="column-count:2;"> * News and notes: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-10-02/News and notes|Larry Sanger returns with "Nine Theses on Wikipedia"; WMF publishes transparency report]] * In the media: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-10-02/In the media|Extraordinary eruption of "EVIL" explained]] * Disinformation report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-10-02/Disinformation report|Emails from a paid editing client]] * Discussion report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-10-02/Discussion report|Sourcing, conduct, policy and LLMs: another 1,339 threads analyzed]] * Community view: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-10-02/Community view|The pressing questions of the modern WWW, as seen from the Village Pump]] * Recent research: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-10-02/Recent research|Is Wikipedia a merchant of (non-)doubt for glyphosate?; eight projects awarded Wikimedia Research Fund grants]] * Opinion: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-10-02/Opinion|Some disputes aren't worth it]] * Obituary: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-10-02/Obituary|Michael Q. Schmidt]] * Traffic report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-10-02/Traffic report|Death, hear me call your name]] * Comix: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-10-02/Comix|A grand spectacle]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost|Read this Signpost in full]]''' · [[w:en:Wikipedia:Signpost/Single|Single-page]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Signpost|Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] 06:54, 2 October 2025 (UTC) <!-- Sent via script ([[w:en:User:JPxG/SPS]]) --></div> <!-- Message sent by User:JPxG@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Signpost&oldid=29367448 --> == This Month in Education: September 2025 == <div class="plainlinks" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 14 • Issue 9 • September 2025</span> <div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/September 2025|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/September 2025/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div> <div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div> <div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;"> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/Brazil organizes seminar to discuss open science and scientific dissemination|Brazil organizes seminar to discuss open science and scientific dissemination]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/CBSUA Recognizes Wiki Training Completers, Awards Feminism & Folklore 2025 Winners|CBSUA Recognizes Wiki Training Completers, Awards Feminism & Folklore 2025 Winners]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/2nd International Conference on Wikimedia, Education, and Digital Cultures Mexico 2025|2nd International Conference on Wikimedia, Education, and Digital Cultures Mexico 2025]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/Accredited seminar for teachers in Veliko Gradište|Accredited seminar for teachers in Veliko Gradište]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/Breaking Barriers, Why open Knowledge matters|Breaking Barriers, Why open Knowledge matters]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/Cross-Continental Knowledge Exchange: Offa Youth Impact Initiative and St Aloysius University in 3D Education Outreach |Cross-Continental Knowledge Exchange: Offa Youth Impact Initiative and St Aloysius University in 3D Education Outreach]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/Igbo Language Audio Project in the Igbo Wiki Fan Club IMSU & Alvan|Igbo Language Audio Project in the Igbo Wiki Fan Club IMSU & Alvan]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/Let's Read Wikipedia reached teachers of the Weenhayek indigenous nation in Bolivia|Let's Read Wikipedia reached teachers of the Weenhayek indigenous nation in Bolivia]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/Monográfico sobre Wikipedia en el aula, Revista Docere|Monograph on Wikipedia in the classroom, Docere Magazine]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/The Third Training Course of the “Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom” Program in Jordan|The Third Training Course of the “Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom” Program in Jordan]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/The Ukrainian Educators’ Wikimedia Conference 2025|The Ukrainian Educators’ Wikimedia Conference 2025]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/Wikimedia MKD's edit-a-thon: Lakes|Wikimedia MKD's edit-a-thon: Lakes]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/Cultura libre en las aulas|Free culture in the classroom]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/Wikimedia Rwanda Wiki clubs|Wikimedia Rwanda Wiki clubs]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 15:10, 2 October 2025 (UTC)</div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&oldid=29344785 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-41 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Majed Abu Maraheel]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Majed Abu Maraheel''' was a Palestinian long-distance runner, football player, security officer, and athletics coach, who was the first Palestinian to compete at the Olympic Games. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 12:48, 6 October 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29341788 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #700 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2025-10-06. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#699]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: ** [[d:Event:WikidataCon_2025|WikidataCon 2025]] - The first version of the conference schedule has been released! See the Event page for links to the schedule (and to register if you haven't already). ** [[d:Wikidata:Thirteenth_Birthday/Calendar|13th Birthday Events]] - check the calendar to see which Birthday events are happening this week! ** [[d:Event:Embedding_Project_Webinar|Webinar: Embedding Project]] - join us this week, October 9 1600 ~ 1700 UTC, to hear a presentation and then pose your questions regarding the [[d:Wikidata:Embedding_Project|Embedding Project]] ** The next [[d:Wikidata:Events#Office_hours|Wikidata+Wikibase office hours]] will take place on Wednesday, [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1760544000 18:00 CEST], 15th October 2025 in the [https://t.me/joinchat/IeCRo0j5Uag1qR4Tk8Ftsg Wikidata Telegram group]. The Wikidata and Wikibase office hours are online events where the development team presents what they have been working on over the past quarter, and the community is welcome to ask questions and discuss important issues related to the development of Wikidata and Wikibase. * Past events: ** Wikimedia CEE Meeting 2025 - Learning Day (September 25, at the Goethe Institut in Thessaloniki): the main topic was Wikidata and libraries; the program and the materials of the hands-on session are available in the [[:meta:Wikimedia CEE Meeting 2025/Learning Day|Meta page]], the slides of the presentations are available in the [[:commons:Category:Wikimedia CEE Meeting 2025 Learning Day presentations|Commons category]] ** Convegno NILDE (October 2-3, University of Genoa; [https://convegnonilde2025.unige.it/ website]): in the first session, regarding ''Il futuro dei cataloghi'' [The future of the catalogs], many presentations (in Italian) have mentioned the use of Wikidata in collective library catalogs; the proceedings of the conference (in Italian) will be published in open access in early 2026: *** [[User:LiaFla|Lianna D'Amato]] and Emanuela Secinaro, ''Cobis LOD: integrare e aumentare i cataloghi eterogenei delle biblioteche specialistiche'' [Cobis LOD: Integrating and Enhancing the Heterogeneous Catalogs of Specialized Libraries] ([[:commons:File:Convegno NILDE 2 10 2025 CoBiSLOD Integrare e aumentare i cataloghi eterogenei delle biblioteche specialistiche.pptx.pdf|slides]]) *** [[User:Bargioni|Stefano Bargioni]], ''La catalogazione per entità, esperienze pratiche della rete URBE con Parsifal'' [Entity cataloging: practical experiences of the URBE network with Parsifal] ([[:commons:File:La catalogazione per entità - esperienze pratiche della rete URBE con Parsifal.pdf|slides]]; [[:d:Wikidata:Gruppo Wikidata per Musei, Archivi e Biblioteche/Parsifal|Wikidata project page]]) *** Elena Ravelli e [[User:Epìdosis|Camillo Pellizzari]], ''Authority file di SBN e Wikidata: un esempio di interoperabilità e riutilizzo dei dati'' [SBN Authority File and Wikidata: An Example of Data Interoperability and Reuse] ([[:commons:File:Authority file di SBN e Wikidata - un esempio di interoperabilità e riutilizzo dei dati.pdf|slides]]; [[:d:Wikidata:Gruppo Wikidata per Musei, Archivi e Biblioteche/SBN|Wikidata project page]]) ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs: [[:diffblog:2025/09/29/building-wikidata-capacity-in-east-africa-insights-from-wikimedia-deutschlands-outreach|Diff: Building Wikidatacapacity in East Africa]] - Wikimedia Deutschland’s 2025 outreach initiative expanded Wikidata capacity in East Africa by training nearly 100 local Wikimedians across 13 countries, and fostering a new network of regional Wikidata champions * Press: [[d:Wikidata:Embedding_Project/October_1_2025_Release|A milestone for open AI: The Wikidata Embedding Project goes live]], read also in [https://blog.wikimedia.de/2025/10/01/wikidata-embedding-projekt-geht-live/ Deutsch] / [https://www.theverge.com/news/789288/wikidata-ai-friendly-database?trk=feed_main-feed-card_feed-article-content TheVerge] and [https://techcrunch.com/2025/10/01/new-project-makes-wikipedia-data-more-accessible-to-ai/ TechCrunch] blogs. * Videos: ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=tHsW99zKt3s Africa Wiki Women - Wikidata Birthday Launch Celebration 2025] ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=_nbI8hkRAvA SAT - Wikidata - OSM - länkade data] By Magnus Sälgö ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=jdiqm8VqFQM Roman Provinces Project (RPP) WikiDataTraining (add WMC image)] ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=Ztx208Nhtco Wikidata and public domain - Clase 1] (Spanish) By Wikimedistas de Uruguay ** [https://www.youtube.com/live/kJ6DyZes_rU Open Tool Registries:] Resolving the Directory Paradox with Wikidata - Livestream (today!) Oct 6, 16:00 - 17:00 CEST. (Maybe in German but description is English) ''' Tool of the week ''' *[https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/User:GZWDer/newentity.js Script newentity.js] is a UserScript by [[User:GZWDer|GZWDer]] it helps to generates new items (including lexemes) from the given JSON object. ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * The Wikidata Team at Wikimedia Deutschland would like to talk to developers who use Wikidata’s data dumps, or have tried using them but ran into challenges. Your feedback will help us make data dumps easier and more reliable to use. If you’re open to chatting, we’ll schedule a 60-minute user interview. As a thank-you for your time, you’ll be eligible for compensation. Sign up [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/datadumpsinterviews here]. * For anyone interested in open and interoperable data, the DCMI 2025 Conference might be interesting. More information and registration [https://www.dublincore.org/conferences/2025/ here]. ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * Newest General datatypes: **[[:d:Property:P13814|calligraphy]] (<nowiki>calligraphy of this person</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P13826|cookie policy URL]] (<nowiki>cookie policy of this website, software or digital product</nowiki>) * Newest External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P13815|‎TechnoMusicWorld release ID]], [[:d:Property:P13816|Biblioteca Digital de la Comunidad de Madrid ID]], [[:d:Property:P13817|‎Trainspo model ID]], [[:d:Property:P13818|AGORHA UUID]], [[:d:Property:P13819|‎Biological Imaging Methods Ontology ID]], [[:d:Property:P13820|‎Anne Frank House person ID]], [[:d:Property:P13821|Maitron municipality ID]], [[:d:Property:P13822|National Library Board Singapore ID]], [[:d:Property:P13823|Euploos Project ID]], [[:d:Property:P13824|SpaceReference.org celestial object ID]], [[:d:Property:P13825|Hex package]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/formally denounced by|formally denounced by]] (<nowiki>person or organization which has publicly issued or enacted a denunciation of this item</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/code of conduct|code of conduct]] (<nowiki>URL of a resource that contains the Code of Conduct of a project or organization</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/award judge|award judge]] (<nowiki>judges for an award</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/start and end work|start and end work]] (<nowiki>work in which this statement begins to be valid</nowiki>) * New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Organ Index ID|Organ Index ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BLGBL ID|BLGBL ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/American Kennel Club ID|American Kennel Club ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CRT Database model ID|CRT Database model ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Jeune Afrique country ID|Jeune Afrique country ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Vocabulary.com word ID|Vocabulary.com word ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Newegg item ID|Newegg item ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Catalogue of sundials ID|Catalogue of sundials ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BeWeb historical or artistic asset ID|BeWeb historical or artistic asset ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/PriceRunner product ID|PriceRunner product ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SofaScore sports team ID|SofaScore sports team ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/FootballFakts.ru football match ID|FootballFakts.ru football match ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Kicker sports match ID|Kicker sports match ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BDFutbol match ID|BDFutbol match ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Foot Mercato players ID|Foot Mercato players ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Meetup.com Event ID|Meetup.com Event ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Mapillary username|Mapillary username]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Soccerway player ID 2025|Soccerway player ID 2025]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: ** [https://w.wiki/FZVe Lexemes in sign languages] ([https://t.me/c/1325756915/37121 source]) ** [https://query-chest.toolforge.org/redirect/CobTPdZHuKiwo8KyYsEqCSiqiSasg84AikQ8wsqE2qp List of films available for free on YouTube] ([[d:Wikidata:Request_a_query#List_of_films_available_for_free_on_YouTube|source]]) * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: [[d:Q8620|Kwame Nkrumah (Q8620)]] - Ghanaian pan-Africanist and the first Prime Minister and President of Ghana (1909-1972) * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase Lexemes]]: [[d:Lexeme:L22859|delve (L22859)]] – English verb (/dɛlv/) meaning "to investigate thoroughly", "to dig physically", or "to discuss in detail ''' Development ''' * The <code><nowiki>{{USERLANGUAGE}}</nowiki></code> [[:mw:Help:Magic words|magic word]] is now enabled on Wikidata and Test Wikidata. It can be used to display templates in the user interface language, replacing the previous <code><nowiki>{{int:lang}}</nowiki></code> hack. ([[phab:T405830]]) GraphQL: We have continued working on the functionality that provides labels of linked entities * Wikidata vector embedding and MCP: We have released the [[d:Wikidata:Embedding Project|vector embedding]] and [[d:Wikidata:MCP|MCP]] * Wikidata integration in Wikipedia and co: ** We are continuing the rollout of improvements to ow we track Wikidata changes in Wikipedia's watchlist and recent changes in order to reduce the size of the database table and reduce the noise on editors' watchlists. ([[phab:T401288]], [[phab:T401290]]) ** We are working on some improvements to the Databox module and template ([[phab:T400322]]) * Mobile statement editing: ** We improved the display of qualifiers and made it possible to add qualifiers (editing will still come) as well as the value type (value/some value/no value) ([[phab:T404991]], [[phab:T404956]], [[phab:T402431]], [[phab:T403246]]) ** We are working on adding editing support for more datatypes (tabular data and geoshape) ([[phab:T403973]]) ** We are working on making it possible to edit references ([[phab:T402433]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Govdirectory/United States of America/North Carolina|North Carolina]] * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] . [[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] ·[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 15:10, 6 October 2025 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=29377585 --> == Tech News: 2025-41 == <section begin="technews-2025-W41"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/41|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#paste|Paste Check]] is a new Edit Check feature to help avoid and fight copyright violations. When editors paste text into an article, Paste Check prompts them to confirm the origin and licensing of the content. Starting Wednesday, 8 October, [[phab:T403680|22 wikis will test Paste Check]]. Paste Check will help new volunteers understand and follow the policies and guidelines necessary to make constructive contributions to Wikipedia projects. '''Updates for editors''' * Mobile devices will receive mobile articles directly on the standard domain (like <code>en.wikipedia.org</code>), instead of via a redirect to an "m" domain (like <code>en.m.wikipedia.org</code>). This change improves performance. This week it will be enabled on Wikipedias. The existing mobile URLs and the "Desktop view" opt-out remain available. [[mw:Requests for comment/Mobile domain sunsetting/2025 Announcement|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T214998] * New [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:CirrusSearch#creationdate and lasteditdate|date filters]], <code dir=ltr>creationdate:</code> and <code dir=ltr>lasteditdate:</code>, are now available in the wiki search engine. This allows users to filter search results by a page's first or last revision date. The filters support comparison operators (e.g. <code dir=ltr>>2024</code>) and relative dates (e.g. <code dir=ltr>today-1d</code>), making it easier to find recently updated content or pages within specific age ranges. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T403593] * [[f:|Wikifunctions]] now supports rich text in embedded calls across the 150 wikis where it's enabled. To showcase this, the team created a [[f:Z26333|Latin declination table]] that Wiktionary editors can use to automatically generate noun forms, producing clear, formatted results — see an [[f:Wikifunctions:Embedded function calls/Wiktionary tables demonstration|example output]]. If you need any help or have any feedback, please [[f:Wikifunctions:Project chat|contact the Wikifunctions Team]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T397402] * An edit link will now appear inside the categories box on article pages for logged in users, which will directly launch the VisualEditor category dialog. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T291691] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:34}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:34|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, there was a problem downloading pdf files last week and that has been resolved. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T405957] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The field <code dir=ltr>rev_sha1</code> in the revision database table is being removed in favor of <code dir=ltr>content_sha1</code> in the content database table. See [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/cloud@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/2D2M3SP4WHR6BXXKTZ2PBLZQYR3EGQVR/ the announcement] for more information. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web|Reader Experience team]] will roll out [[w:en:Light-on-dark color scheme|Dark Mode]] user interface on all Wikimedia sites on October 29, 2025. All anonymous users of Wikimedia sites will have the option to activate a color scheme that features light-colored text on a dark background. This is designed to provide a more comfortable reading experience, especially in low-light situations. Template authors and technical contributors are encouraged to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Accessibility for reading/Updates/2024-04|learn how to make pages ready for Dark mode]] and address any compatibility issues found in templates in their wiki before the enablement. Please contact the Web team for questions or any support on [[mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Accessibility for reading#|this talk page]] before the enablement. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T395628] * Starting on Monday, October 6, API endpoints under the <code>rest.php</code> path will be rerouted through a new internal API Gateway. Individual wikis will be updated based on the standard release groups, with total traffic increased over time. This change is expected to be non-breaking and non-disruptive. If any issues are observed, please file a Phabricator ticket to the [[phab:tag/serviceops/|Service Ops team board]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T400130] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.22|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/41|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W41"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 17:18, 6 October 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29400897 --> == ''This Month in GLAM'': September 2025 == {| style="width:100%;" | valign="top" align="center" style="border:1px gray solid; padding:1em;" | {| align="center" |- | style="text-align: center;" | [[File:This Month in GLAM logo 2018.png|350px|center|link=outreach:GLAM/Newsletter]]<br /> <hr /> <div style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; text-align:center;">[[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/September 2025|<span style="color:darkslategray;">This Month in GLAM – Volume XV, Issue IX, September 2025</span>]]</div> <hr /><br /> |- style="text-align: center;" | <span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman;"> '''<u>Headlines</u>'''</span> |- style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; text-align:center;" | <div style="text-align:left; column-count:2; column-width:28em; vertical-align:top;"> * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/September 2025/Contents/Albania report|Albania report]]: Wikipedia edit-a-thon at the Skampa Theater in Elbasan, Albania * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/September 2025/Contents/Aruba report|Aruba report]]: Wikipedia on Aruba Initiative: Building Knowledge and Visibility * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/September 2025/Contents/Australia report|Australia report]]: State Library Victoria WikiFest * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/September 2025/Contents/Belgium report|Belgium report]]: Make cultural heritage freely accessible, Hasselt's collections shine online & Let's give women a voice on Wikipedia! * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/September 2025/Contents/Italy report|Italy report]]: Hidden heritage unveiled: science, history and nature on Wikimedia * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/September 2025/Contents/Netherlands report|Netherlands report]]: Wikimedia Commons birthday content donation * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/September 2025/Contents/New Zealand report|New Zealand report]]: Wikimedian in Residence at the Bioeconomy Science Institute & Wikiproject NZ Women in Architecture * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/September 2025/Contents/Macedonia report|North Macedonia report]]: Expanding Access to Culture and Knowledge through Key Partnerships * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/September 2025/Contents/Poland report|Poland report]]: WikiChełmoński: the Special Guided Tour at the National Museum in Krakow * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/September 2025/Contents/Portugal report|Portugal report]]: GLAM Wiki 2025: Join the Conference Online and Explore Lisbon’s Culture * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/September 2025/Contents/Switzerland report|Switzerland report]]: LibreABC, Feminist Voices, Grade Conference * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/September 2025/Contents/UK report|UK report]]: Awards season * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/September 2025/Contents/USA report|USA report]]: September edit-a-thons & meetings * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/September 2025/Contents/Biodiversity Heritage Library report|Biodiversity Heritage Library report]]: Updates on work by BHLWiki Working Group members * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/September 2025/Contents/Memory of the World report|Memory of the World report]]: The Memory of the World wiki challenge * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/September 2025/Contents/Events|Calendar]]: October's GLAM events </div> |- | style="font-family:Times New Roman; text-align:center; font-size:85%;" | [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter|Read this edition in full]] &bull; [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/September 2025/Single|Single-page]] |- | valign="top" colspan="2" style="padding:0.5em; font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:center; font-size:85%;" | To assist with preparing the newsletter, please visit the [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/Newsroom|newsroom]]. Past editions may be viewed [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/Archives|here]]. |- |} |} <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:GLAM/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in GLAM'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/GLAM|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · [[:m:User:Romaine|Romaine]] 12:46, 9 October 2025 (UTC)</div> <!-- Message sent by User:Romaine@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/GLAM&oldid=29409147 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-42 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Abortion in Eritrea]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> In Eritrea, abortion is banned except on the grounds of pregnancy from rape or incest, pregnancy of a minor, or risk to physical or mental health. Legal abortions require medical or judicial approval. Prior to Eritrea's independence, it applied Ethiopia's abortion law of the 1950s, which banned abortion unless life-saving. After independence, the 1991 penal code adapted this law to lift punishments on abortions on the grounds of rape, incest, or risk to life or health, but legal abortions did not exist in effect. The penal codes of 2001 and 2015 required physicians to prove health grounds for abortion. Unsafe abortion is common and contributes to maternal mortality in Eritrea. Post-abortion care is unavailable in some regions. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 01:06, 13 October 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29341788 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #701 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2025-10-13. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#700]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * Closed request for permissions/Bot: [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Bot/DifoolBot_7|DifoolBot 7]] - closed as approved. ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: ** The next Linked Data for Libraries [[Wikidata: WikiProject LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group|LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group]] session: Tuesday 14 Oct, 2025 from 16:00 UTC / 6pm CEST ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1760457600 click for your Time zone]) WikiProject Personal Pronouns members will lead three implementation sessions to improve the data modeling and ethics of personal pronoun representation in Wikidata based on newly-established best practices and Wikidata policy by remediating legacy statements with participants. No prior Wikidata experience required. More info on the [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_LD4_Wikidata_Affinity_Group/Project_Series/PersonalPronouns|Personal Pronouns]] event page. ** Upcoming LD4 Affinity Group sessions: Oct 14, Nov 25, Dec 9, at 9am PT/ 12pm ET/ 4pm UTC / 6pm CEST. ** Wikidata + Wikibase Office Hour, join us in the [https://t.me/joinchat/AZriqUj5UajwQxn1aZ9WOg Wikidata Telegram] channel for our Quarterly roundup of what's been happening with Wikidata and Wikibase. If you can't make it, [[d:Wikidata:Events/Telegram_office_hour_2025-10-15|read the transcript later]]. Oct 15, 18:00 - 19:00 CEST (UTC 16:00 - 17:00). ** The Next Wikimedia Research Showcase is [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1760545800 Wednesday, October 15, at 9:30 AM PT / 16:30 UTC]. The theme is "Celebrating 13 Years: Wikidata’s Role in Learning and Culture". Watch via the [https://www.youtube.com/live/3NMOvOUCd8Q YouTube stream]. ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs: ** [https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/blogs/research-projects/developing-an-enhanced-dataset-for-the-history-of-photography/ Developing an enhanced dataset for the history of Photography] - National Archives researchers used Wikidata during a hackathon to link people and places from 19th-century photographic copyright records, enriching the archive’s metadata through linked open data. ** [https://mpjuhasz.com/posts/influenced_by/ Viusalisations of Philosophers Influence in history] - Take a look if you're interested in the history of philosophy, temporal graphs, or Wikidata! * Videos: ** (Spanish) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s1EIdotXpus How to identify and fill information gaps in Wikidata Tabernacle and Integrality] - In preparation for Latin America month on Wikidata, this tutorial will introduce the Tabernacle and Intergraality tools. ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gmCbUfx_FAg Curationist: 2024 Metadata Learning and Unlearning Summit] - Curationist researches and debates on transitioning to a Wikidata/Wikibase style of schema for its images of digital open-access collections. ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7BwXe_D_GTw Data Ethics and Open Science] - At 19:00 of the video, Lambert Heller discusses using Wikidata, and later Wikibase for the NFDI4 Culture Proposal. ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6sdbHqeZpbY Linked Open Data Location Identifiers for Pacific Archaeology] - Hardy & Leclerc at the CAA Australia conference show how Wikidata identifiers enrich Kuden and Pacific island databses. * Presentations: [[c:File:Webinar_Oct_2025_-_Wikidata_Embedding_Project.pdf|Slides for the Wikidata: Embedding Project Webinar presentation]] ''' Tool of the week ''' * [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/User:Magnus_Manske/wikidata_useful.js Wikidata Useful] is a UserScript by [[User:Magnus_Manske|Magnus Manske]] that adds a box of quick "add statement" links to the right side of the page. Entity and phylogeny types, countries (location and citizenship). Also, tries to load and display a blurb from en or de Wikipedia. ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * The 2024 Wikidata Community Survey results are out! Read the full report on Commons: [[commons:File:Wikidata Community Survey 2024 Report.pdf|Wikidata Community Survey 2024 Report]]. If you have any thoughts or questions feel free to write on this discussion page: [[d:Wikidata talk:Usability and usefulness/2024-Community-Survey|Wikidata talk:Usability and usefulness/2024-Community-Survey]] * Wikimedia Deutschland is seeking feedback on the [[d:Wikidata:Usability_and_usefulness/Item_editing_experience/Mobile_editing_of_statements#How_you_can_help|Mobile Editing Experience prototype]], especially from contributors who edit right-to-left (RTL) languages like Arabic, Hebrew, Persian, Urdu, etc. We’ve already received helpful input from various editors, but feedback from RTL language communities is still missing. Your perspective is important to ensure the design works well for everyone. Please go to [https://www.wikidata.beta.wmcloud.org/wiki/Wikidata:Main_Page Beta Wikidata] (in mobile view) to test the prototype with the instructions below and share your feedback on [[d:Wikidata talk:Usability and usefulness/Item editing experience/Mobile editing of statements|this talk page]]. ** Add "businessperson" as an occupation ** Add a start date to the relationship with A$AP Rocky and provide a reference ** Find the place of birth (Saint Michael) and open that page ** Add the coordinate location for Saint Michael ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * Newest General datatypes: **[[:d:Property:P13828|luminance]] (<nowiki>measured quantity of photometric brightness (luminous intensity per area)</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P13829|excluding work]] (<nowiki>work or narration for or in which this statement is false</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P13838|intervener]] (<nowiki>name of a third-party group or person allowed to participate in a legal case</nowiki>) * Newest External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P13827|NWO project ID]], [[:d:Property:P13830|Vocabulary.com word ID]], [[:d:Property:P13831|Fnac person ID]], [[:d:Property:P13832|African Music Library band ID]], [[:d:Property:P13833|‎Spanish-German Dictionary ID]], [[:d:Property:P13834|‎Encyclopedia of Marxism ID]], [[:d:Property:P13835|Kulturenvanteri place ID]], [[:d:Property:P13836|Encyclopædia Universalis index ID]], [[:d:Property:P13837|ISFDB award category ID]], [[:d:Property:P13839|‎CCCA Canadian Art Database work ID]], [[:d:Property:P13840|‎CCCA Canadian Art Database creator ID]], [[:d:Property:P13841|CPU-World ID]], [[:d:Property:P13842|AMNH entity ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/NZ Charities Register Number|NZ Charities Register Number]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Memorial Book of Social Democracy-ID|Memorial Book of Social Democracy-ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Biographical Dictionary of Almería identifier|Biographical Dictionary of Almería identifier]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Operabase (additional) ID|Operabase (additional) ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/NLAI ID|NLAI ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SIK-ISEA group ID|SIK-ISEA group ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Wikimini article ID|Wikimini article ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Concise Oxford Dictionary of Family Names in Britain entry ID|Concise Oxford Dictionary of Family Names in Britain entry ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/The Grove Encyclopedia of Decorative Arts ID|The Grove Encyclopedia of Decorative Arts ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Antique Chinese and Japanese Porcelain Dictionary and Glossary of Terms entry|Antique Chinese and Japanese Porcelain Dictionary and Glossary of Terms entry]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Filmfriend Movie ID|Filmfriend Movie ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Schulnummer Hessen|Schulnummer Hessen]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ The Oxford Dictionary of Dance entry ID| The Oxford Dictionary of Dance entry ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: ** [https://w.wiki/6TNS What Wikidata album languages grew the most this week?] ([https://wikis.world/@moebeus@mastodon.online/113057841265159018 source]) ** [https://edu.nl/y38rg Example query to show why papers cite each other] ([https://wikis.world/@egonw@social.edu.nl/112943938308855780 source]) * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: [[d:Q15625490|Biodiversity Assessment of the Fishes of Saba Bank Atoll, Netherlands Antilles (Q15625490)]] - scholarly article by Williams, Jeffrey et al., 2010 * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase Lexemes]]: [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Lexeme:L339628| pukka (L339628)]] - English adjective (puh-kuh) that can mean "genuine", "highest class", or "complete" ''' Development ''' * Wikidata integration on Wikipedia and co: ** We finished work on adding an icon to changes coming from Wikidata in recent changes and watchlist ([[phab:T397258]]) ** We are finishing work on a new usage aspect for qualifiers and references so their use can be tracked separately. This will lead to less Wikidata changes showing up in recent changes and watchlist that don't actually affect the article ([[phab:T397258]]) ** We are continuing the work on improving Databox ([[phab:T400322]]) * GraphQL: We are continuing to work on making labels of linked entities in the values of statements accessible ([[phab:T404692]]) * Mobile statement editing: We have been working on showing the different value types ([[phab:T404684]]) and making references editable ([[phab:T405236]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] .[[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] ·[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 15:20, 13 October 2025 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=29437158 --> == Tech News: 2025-42 == <section begin="technews-2025-W42"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/42|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Last week, improvements to account security and two-factor authentication (2FA) features were enabled across all wikis. These changes include user interface improvements for [https://auth.wikimedia.org/metawiki/wiki/Special:AccountSecurity Special:AccountSecurity], the support of multiple 2FA methods via authenticator apps and portable security keys (previously users could only enable one method), and a new Recovery Codes module which facilitates fewer account lockouts due to lost two-factor apps and devices. As part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security|Account Security]] project, work is continuing through the rest of 2025 on further user experience improvements, and support for passkeys as an alternate second factor. '''Updates for editors''' * Another part of the Account security project is making 2FA generally available to all users. Along with editors with advanced privileges, such as administrators and bureaucrats, 40% of editors now have access to 2FA. You can check if you have access at [https://auth.wikimedia.org/metawiki/wiki/Special:AccountSecurity Special:AccountSecurity]. Instructions for activation are on the linked page. The plan is to continue increasing availability if it is determined that the user support capabilities are able to support global usage. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T400579] * This week, users at wikis where talk page [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Usability|Usability Improvements]] are already available by default (everywhere ''except'' the 12 wikis listed in [[phab:T379264|T379264]]) will gain the ability to Thank a comment directly from the talk page it appears on. Before this change, Thanking could only be done by visiting the revision history of the talk page. You can [[diffblog:2025/10/13/revolutionizing-gratitude-a-new-era-of-thanking-comments/|learn more about this change]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366095] * Users who have not [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-personal-email|verified their email address]] will soon be receiving monthly Notification reminders to do so. This is because users who have verified their email can more easily recover their account. These reminders will not be sent if the user is inactive or removes the unverified email from their account. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Email_confirmation][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T58074] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a fix was made for an occasional error with saving translated paragraphs in the Content Translation tool, and the related error messages are now easier to see. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T376531] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The Unsupported Tools Working Group has chosen [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Video2commons|Video2Commons]] as the first tool for its pilot cycle. The group will explore ways to improve and sustain the tool over the coming months. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group|Learn more on Meta]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.23|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/42|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W42"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 18:55, 13 October 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29434481 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-43 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Liberation of Auschwitz concentration camp]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Auschwitz Liberated January 1945.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> On 27 January 1945, Auschwitz—a Nazi concentration camp and extermination camp in occupied Poland where more than a million people were murdered as part of the Nazis' "Final Solution" to the Jewish question—was liberated by the Soviet Red Army during the Vistula–Oder Offensive. Although most of the prisoners had been forced onto a death march, about 7,000 had been left behind. The Soviet soldiers attempted to help the survivors and were shocked at the scale of Nazi crimes. The date is recognized as International Holocaust Remembrance Day. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 02:04, 20 October 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29452019 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #702 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2025-10-20. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#701]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * Open request for adminship: [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Administrator/Ternera|Ternera]] - RfP scheduled to end after 23 October 2025 16:10 (UTC) * New requests for permissions/Bot: [[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Bot/Rebot|Rebot]] - Task: Make changes in [https://w.wiki/Fed9 w.wiki/Fed9], such as changing [[d:Property:P180|depicts (P180)]] = [[d:Q181916|herbarium (Q181916)]] to [[d:Q61726742|herbarium specimen (Q61726742)]]. ''' Events ''' * Upcoming: ** WikidataCon 2025: [https://pretalx.com/wikidatacon-2025/schedule/ Have you seen the Program yet?]<br>Available now on Pretalx, check now and plan your schedule. ** 🎉 Wikidata's 13th Birthday! Join us online, October 29 17:00 UTC ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1761757200 in your timezone]) for presents, birthday messages, games...and a 📣'''surprise announcement''' (don't miss it!). 🎁 Add your own gifts to the list - anything that celebrates Wikidata and its amazing community... a script you’ve written, tool improvement, visual, poem...the sky's the limit.<br>Get the call link here: [[d:Event:Wikidata Thirteenth Birthday/Presents & messages call|13th Birthday Presents & Messages call]]. ** The Dublin Core [https://www.dublincore.org/conferences/2025/ DCMI 2025] conference will take place in Barcelona, Oct 22-25. *** [https://www.dublincore.org/conferences/2025/sessions/papers-metadata-quality-bibframe/#reczeEWTeASPr4XmW Presentation]: ''Derivative Relationships and Bibliographic Families Among Creative Works: A Systematic Study of Their Application by the Wikidata Community from the FRBR and BIBFRAME Perspective'' *** [https://www.dublincore.org/conferences/2025/sessions/workshop-web-app-to-static-site/#session-information Workshop] by [[d:User:Jneubert|Jneubert]] on converting a complex web application into a large static site integrated with Wikidata *** [https://www.dublincore.org/conferences/2025/sessions/tutorial-shaping-linked-data-knowledge-graphs/#session-information Tutorial] from [[d:User:Jelabra|Jelabra]] on shaping linked data and knowledge graphs. ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LJQ7JxQ0XBg Wikidata Lab XLVII: Wiki Infographics], about a [[toolforge:infographics|tool]] for data visualization. On October 21, 17 UTC. ** [https://wikimania.wikimedia.org/wiki/2026:Scholarships Wikimania 2026 Scholarships are open]! Deadline is Friday, October 31st, 2025. ** [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Event:Wikidata_13th_Birthday_Celebration_in_Igbo_Wikimedians_User_Group Wikidata 13th birthday celebration in the Igbo Wikimedians User Group] on October 24 and 25, 2025 *Past: ** Missed the Q4 Wikidata+Wikibase office hour? You can catch up by reading the session log here: [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events/Telegram office hour 2025-10-15|2025-10-15 (Q4 2025)]] ** [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Event:Wikidata_13th_birthday_celebration_in_the_WUGN_Abuja_Network Wikidata 13th birthday celebration in the WUGN Abuja Network] ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs: (Finnish) [https://piilotettuaarre.blogspot.com/2025/10/wikidatasta-vauhtia-geo-eli.html From Wikidata to GEO (AI) optimization?] by Johanna Janhonen * Videos: ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=E6cYJ9kfFBE Genealogical tree creation with Wikidata] - by Thimira Sahan ** (Chinese) [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=35Z1IoXA7t8 Wikidata 13 週年聚會暨 OpenRefine 工作坊] - by Wikidata Taiwan ** (Spanish) [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=pFWfJIEs6Bw Taller en línea: Introducción a Wikidata y Wikibase] by bibliotecasUNAM ** Wikimedia Research Showcase: [https://www.youtube.com/live/3NMOvOUCd8Q Celebrating 13 Years: Wikidata’s Role in Learning and Culture] ''' Tool of the week ''' * [https://affandymurad.github.io/wikilokal/ WikiLokal] - The tool uses your device location to find Wikidata Items and Wikipedia articles within a 3 kilometre radius of your location. Created by [[m:User:Affandy_Murad|User:Affandy Murad]] ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * Project Chat: ** [[d:Wikidata:Project_chat#Help_us_decide_the_name_of_the_new_Abstract_Wikipedia_project|Help choose a name for the Abstract Wikipedia Project]] - combining WikiFunctions and Wikidata, a voting contest will run from Oct 20 - Nov 17, 2025. ** [[d:Wikidata:Project_chat#How_can_Wikidata_be_useful_IRL_if_it_has_less_data_than_Wikipedia?|How can Wikidata be useful IRL if it has less data than Wikipedia?]] - an ongoing discussion touching on data scraping tools such as [https://github.com/Pascalco/harvesttemplates Harvest templates (github)] and data consistency between Wikipedia and Wikidata in places such as Infoboxes. ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * Newest General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P13847|organizational chart]] (<nowiki>image that displays the structure of this organization or government agency and the relationships and relative ranks of its parts and positions/jobs</nowiki>) * Newest External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P13843|The Oxford Dictionary of Architecture entry ID]], [[:d:Property:P13844|TechPowerUp CPU Specs Database ID]], [[:d:Property:P13845|Catalogue of sundials ID]], [[:d:Property:P13846|A Dictionary of Food and Nutrition entry ID]], [[:d:Property:P13848|GPUZoo ID]], [[:d:Property:P13849|NetEase Music album ID]], [[:d:Property:P13850|Corporation Number in Canada]], [[:d:Property:P13851|Biographical Dictionary of Almería identifier]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/image of outdoor seating|image of outdoor seating]] (<nowiki>an image of the outdoor seating</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Elo rating (rapid)|Elo rating (rapid)]] (<nowiki>Current or historical Elo rating of a player in rapid time control chess games</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ECHL profile ID|ECHL profile ID]] (<nowiki>Id (number) used by ECHL on their website ehcl.com. URL takes a slug.</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/award category or rank|award category or rank]] (<nowiki>(qualifier of P166) specific category or rank of an award received, for awards with more than one category or rank</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/public key|public key]] (<nowiki>cryptographic public key (some ASCII encoding of it)</nowiki>) * New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Schulnummer Sachsen|Schulnummer Sachsen]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Team Austria ID|Team Austria ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/IFES Election Guide ID|IFES Election Guide ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BNB agent ID|BNB agent ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Arte de la Argentina ID|Arte de la Argentina ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Democratic Memory Bank ID|Democratic Memory Bank ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Kicker competition ID|Kicker competition ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Soccer365.net team ID|Soccer365.net team ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/LUDAP|LUDAP]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Genbu.net ID|Genbu.net ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ztgd.com|ztgd.com]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ISTAMPIE entity|ISTAMPIE entity]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/MIT Press edition id|MIT Press edition id]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: [https://w.wiki/FkPH List of Airports/Airstrips in Florida, USA] * Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]]: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_IDEA/Translation_Work|WikiProject IDEA (translation tasks)]] * WikiProject Highlights: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Govdirectory/South_Korea|Govdirectory South Korea]] was created. * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: [[d:Q24101|Jagiellonian Library (Q24101)]] - library of the Jagiellonian University in Kraków * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase Lexemes]]: [[d:Lexeme:L762994|led (L762994)]] - Norwegian Nynorsk noun (leː) meaning "a joint between bones", "a movable body part", or "a generation" ''' Development ''' * Mobile statement editing: We made progress on support for more datatypes for editing. * Wikidata integration in Wikipedia and co: ** We are investigating an issue with infoboxes using data from Wikidata after some recent changes to usage tracking ([[phab:T407684]]) ** We are working on more improvements to the Databox module * Ontology federation: We are starting to work on making it possible for other Wikibase instances to use Wikidata's Items as values in their statements. This expands on previous work around federated properties. * Dumps: We have worked on fixing issues with the dumps that were failing recently. They should now be generated again and we continue to look into the cause. [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Govdirectory/Bahamas|Bahamas]] * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] [[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] ·[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 15:29, 20 October 2025 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=29437158 --> == Tech News: 2025-43 == <section begin="technews-2025-W43"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/43|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * To optimize how user data is stored in our databases, the saved preferences of users who haven't logged in for over five years and have fewer than 100 edits will be cleared. When those users return, default settings will apply. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T406724] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:20}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:20|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, there was a broken link from the GlobalContributions interface message to the XTools GlobalContributions page which has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T406415] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The work to reroute all traffic to API endpoints under the <code dir=ltr><nowiki>rest.php</nowiki></code> route through a common API gateway is now complete. If any issues are observed, please file a phabricator ticket to the [[phab:tag/serviceops/|Service Ops team board]]. * Edits to Wikidata references or qualifiers will now be shown in RecentChanges and Watchlist entries on other wikis less often, reducing unnecessary notifications. This will reduce the overall quantity of 'noisy' entries. Wikidata's own pages remain unchanged. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401290] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.24|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/43|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W43"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 19:31, 20 October 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29478670 --> == ''The Signpost'': 20 October 2025 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[File:WikipediaSignpostIcon.svg|40px|right]] ''News, reports and features from the English Wikipedia's newspaper''</div> <div style="column-count:2;"> * News and notes: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-10-20/News and notes|Board shuffles, LLM blocks increase, IPs are going away]] * Special report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-10-20/Special report|The election that isn't]] * Interview: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-10-20/Interview|The BoT bump]] * In the media: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-10-20/In the media|An incident at WikiConference North America; WMF reports AI-related traffic drop and explains Wikipedia to US conservatives]] * Traffic report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-10-20/Traffic report|One click after another]] * Humour: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-10-20/Humour|Wikipedia pay rates]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost|Read this Signpost in full]]''' · [[w:en:Wikipedia:Signpost/Single|Single-page]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Signpost|Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] 22:45, 20 October 2025 (UTC) <!-- Sent via script ([[w:en:User:JPxG/SPS]]) --></div> <!-- Message sent by User:Bri@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Signpost&oldid=29377595 --> == Growth News #35 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Growth team logo - Icon only.svg|right|frameless|class=skin-invert]] ''A quarterly update from the Growth team on our work to improve the new editor experience.'' === New releases === ==== English Wikipedia gets "Add a Link" Structured Task ==== We [[w:Wikipedia_talk:Growth_Team_features#"Add_a_link"_experiment_and_next_steps|released]] the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Personalized first day/Structured tasks/Add a link|"Add a Link" Structured Task]] to 100% of accounts at English Wikipedia on Tuesday, September 2nd (before then it was available to 20% of accounts). ==== Growth features for Wikidata ==== After examining if the Growth features and Mentorship could be adapted to Wikidata, we activated the Growth features on [https://www.wikidata.beta.wmcloud.org/wiki/Wikidata:Main_Page Beta Wikidata] to allow for testing and discussion ([[phab:T400937|T400937]]). Although some features, like Suggested Edits, are Wikipedia-specific, the Growth team designed most features to be more wiki-agnostic. === Work in progress === ==== Revise Tone Structured Task ==== The Growth team is making progress on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Revise Tone|the technical architecture, onboarding design, and early user testing]]. We are targeting an A/B test before the end of this year, with constructive edits by newcomers as the primary success metric. ==== Add a link to more wikis ==== The machine learning team has been working on a new model that can suggest links to more languages, including Urdu, Chinese, and Japanese Wikipedias. [[phab:T404460|We are starting to release]] the “Add a Link” feature to Wikipedias that weren’t supported by the previous model. [[mw:Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]], which can be [[mw:Help:Growth/Tools/Add_a_link#Configuration|configured by the community locally]], increases the chance that a new contributor will make their first edit and then continue to participate in Wikipedia. === Research === The Growth team is involved in several research initiatives to help guide our future work: [[mw:Growth/Progression System|Progression System]] – We have [[mw:Growth/Progression_System#Design_Research|published]] initial findings from interviews with 10 English and French Wikipedia newcomers. The research examined motivations, challenges, and feedback on a prototype system intended to help editors build confidence, develop skills, and contribute more constructively over time. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Mobile Web Editing Research|Mobile Web Editing Research]] – This project combines quantitative and qualitative data, community feedback, and user journey analysis to identify possible ways to enhance the mobile editing experience. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Research:Successful Newcomers Survey 2025|Newcomers Survey]] – This project surveys successful newcomers on English Wikipedia to understand their early editing experiences, tool use, and community interactions. === Community events === The Growth team participated in several community events to listen, share, and collaborate on improving newcomer experiences across Wikimedia projects. '''Wikimania - [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/RPBSEF/ Organizers as key partners to support newcomers' growth in our movement]''' This session invited organizers to share how they introduce newcomers to Growth features and the challenges they encounter. The discussion focused on common newcomer questions and opportunities to strengthen collaboration in supporting new editors. '''Wikimania - [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/review/VCSCUVJCGFRNY89TTKXRVFMGYMWPMSXT Lightning Talk: Structured Tasks]''' This talk demonstrated how Structured Tasks help newcomers take their first successful steps on Wikipedia. It shared impact data, community configurations, and a demo of “Add a Link,” illustrating how these tasks make editing more accessible and sustainable, particularly for mobile contributors. '''Wikimania - [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/TVCVAB/ Building a Sustainable Future for Wikimedia Contributors]''' With active editor numbers declining, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Strategy|Contributors Strategy]] aims to create a clearer, more engaging path for participation. This session, led by the WMF Contributors group with involvement from the Editing, Growth, Moderator Tools, and Connection (formerly Campaigns) teams, highlighted efforts to streamline contributor experiences, offer structured and mobile-friendly workflows, and foster meaningful engagement. Participants learned about ongoing initiatives and shared feedback to help shape a more inclusive and sustainable future for Wikimedia contributors. '''CEE Meeting - [[metawiki:Wikimedia_CEE_Meeting_2025/Submissions/Retaining_beginners_and_improving_content_moderation:_an_inclusive_and_sustainable_future_for_Wikipedia_contributors|Retaining beginners and improving content moderation: an inclusive and sustainable future for Wikipedia contributors]]''' Many communities face a decline in volunteer engagement. Newcomers often leave soon after joining, while experienced editors struggle to manage increasingly complex workflows and overwhelming backlogs. We presented the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Strategy|Contributors Strategy]] and the different features and workflows that can help communities to address these challenges. We listened to the specific needs of the CEE communities to help guide the Contributors teams' work. ''<small>'''[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters|Growth team's newsletter]]''' prepared by [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth|the Growth team]] and posted by [[m:User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[mw:Talk:Growth|Give feedback]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/Growth team updates|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].</small>'' </div> 10:23, 22 October 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Growth_team_updates&oldid=29457883 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-44 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Black Diaries]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The '''Black Diaries''' are diaries purported to have been written by the Irish revolutionary Roger Casement, which contained accounts of homosexual liaisons with young men. They cover the years 1903, 1910 and 1911 (two) and were handed in to Scotland Yard after his capture in April 1916. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 02:51, 27 October 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29487357 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #703 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2025-10-27. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#702]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * Open request for adminship: [[Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Administrator/Samoasambia|Samoasambia]] - RfP scheduled to end after 27 October 2025 15:10 (UTC) * Closed request for adminship: [[Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Administrator/Ternera|Ternera]] - Closed as successful by [[User:Ymblanter|Ymblanter]] ([[User talk:Ymblanter|<span class="signature-talk">{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}</span>]]) 19:24, 23 October 2025 (UTC) ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: ** 🎉 Wikidata's 13th Birthday! Join us online, October 29 17:00 UTC ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1761757200 in your timezone]) for presents, birthday messages, games...and a 📣'''surprise announcement''' (don't miss it!). 🎁 Add your own gifts to the list - anything that celebrates Wikidata and its amazing community... a script you’ve written, tool improvement, visual, poem...the sky's the limit. Get the call link here: [[d:Wikidata:Thirteenth Birthday/Presents & messages|13th Birthday Presents & Messages call]]. ** WikidataCon 2025, October 31 - November 2, make sure to register at [[Event:WikidataCon_2025|the event page]]. ** SPARQL workshop (in German): "From Zero to SPARQL. Eine Einführung in die Abfrage von Wissensgraphen (Schwerpunkt Wikidata)", 4 Nov 2025, 10-13, free and open to all, online via Zoom. [https://www.digis-berlin.de/workshop-am-04-11-25-from-zero-to-sparql-eine-einfuehrung-in-die-abfrage-von-wissensgraphen/ more information and registration] ** The scholarship deadline for [https://wikimania.wikimedia.org/wiki/2026:Wikimania Wikimania 2026] is approaching fast: 31st of October. Apply today if you want to attend on a scholarship. ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Videos: ** (Spanish) [https://www.youtube.com/live/BuBEJYNnK2M?si=ZYo_bi9JbHCj1VWT Visualizaciones con el Servicio de Consultas de Wikidata] ** (Spanish)[https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=s1EIdotXpus ¿Cómo identificar y completar vacíos de información en Wikidata? Tabernacle e integraality] ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=dMc8itXt7i0 I Have 1000s of Items in Commons – What Do I Do Now?: Utilization Opportunities on Wikimedia Commons] ** (Chinese [Trad]) [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=v7XdRqpEU0Q&pp=0gcJCR4Bo7VqN5tD 鏈結資料文獻翻譯賽德克語成果發表會 Exploring Seediq: A Journey through Translation and Linked Data Documentation] *Presentations: Will AI Erase Us Again? The Role of Wikimedia Communities. Talk by [[User:Jsamwrites|John Samuel]], Queering Wikipedia 2025 ([[commons:File:Queering_Wikipedia_2025-JohnSamuel.pdf|Slides]]) ''' Tool of the week ''' * [https://tools.iccl.inf.tu-dresden.de/nemo/ Nemo] is a new Wikidata query tool by [[User:Markus Krötzsch|User:Markus Krötzsch]] the tool can answer queries, extracts subsets, and perform analyses in ways that SPARQL alone can't. It also lets you combine Wikidata with other data sources. ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * Newest General datatypes: **[[:d:Property:P13883|start work]] (<nowiki>work in which this statement about a fictional entity begins to be valid</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P13884|end work]] (<nowiki>work in which this statement about a fictional entity ceases to be valid</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P13885|image resolution]] (<nowiki>pixel resolution of images generated or captured by this item (camera, software, etc)</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P13886|display device resolution]] (<nowiki>physical pixel resolution of an electronic display</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P13887|‎firmware]] (<nowiki>firmware installed on this hardware</nowiki>) * Newest External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P13852|MultimediaWiki page ID]], [[:d:Property:P13853|Letopis of MSU person ID]], [[:d:Property:P13854|QCC Code]], [[:d:Property:P13855|Jamaica company ID]], [[:d:Property:P13856|SEC Number]], [[:d:Property:P13857|Thailand company ID]], [[:d:Property:P13858|gosfilmofond.ru ID]], [[:d:Property:P13859|Cambodian company ID]], [[:d:Property:P13860|English solicitors ID]], [[:d:Property:P13861|Caixin company ID]], [[:d:Property:P13862|‎Nebraska Authors author ID]], [[:d:Property:P13863|‎Kick username]], [[:d:Property:P13864|‎Archivio Storico Ricordi partiture ID]], [[:d:Property:P13865|Fantacalcio ID]], [[:d:Property:P13866|‎Plant Ontology ID]], [[:d:Property:P13867|L'Équipe athlete ID]], [[:d:Property:P13868|‎RSQV ID]], [[:d:Property:P13869|NRK topic ID]], [[:d:Property:P13870|‎OpenITI author ID]], [[:d:Property:P13871|‎Mellopedia ID]], [[:d:Property:P13872|Liste unique des décorés ID]], [[:d:Property:P13873|‎Deník tag ID]], [[:d:Property:P13874|Interaktionsdatabasen ID]], [[:d:Property:P13875|‎Adebiportal author ID]], [[:d:Property:P13876|Biographische Lexikon zur Geschichte der böhmischen Länder ID]], [[:d:Property:P13877|ISLRN]], [[:d:Property:P13878|‎Danskefilmstemmer.dk character ID]], [[:d:Property:P13879|Audiovisual Identity Database page]], [[:d:Property:P13880|RIA Novosti person ID]], [[:d:Property:P13881|The Oxford Dictionary of the Jewish Religion entry ID]], [[:d:Property:P13882|‎Qalamger.kz author ID]], [[:d:Property:P13888|‎Does the Dog Die? media ID]], [[:d:Property:P13889|‎Organ Index ID]], [[:d:Property:P13890|American Kennel Club ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Responsable de departamento|Responsable de departamento]] (<nowiki></nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Lämningsnummer|Lämningsnummer]] (<nowiki>{{Q|Q10498015}} is a database of archaeological monuments in Sweden, maintained by {{Q|Q631844}}. Each item in the database has an identifier containing the year of registration and a number, e.g. ''L1970:5203''.</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/number of comments per day|number of comments per day]] (<nowiki></nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Commonwealth Sport country code|Commonwealth Sport country code]] (<nowiki>Commonwealth Sport country code</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/operating humidity|operating humidity]] (<nowiki>humidity at which a device operates</nowiki>) * New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/NCL Taiwan Periodical Literature Periodical ID|NCL Taiwan Periodical Literature Periodical ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/HarmonyOS NEXT APP ID|HarmonyOS NEXT APP ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Rechtsinformationen des Bundes-ID|Rechtsinformationen des Bundes-ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/UNESCO Virtual Museum inventory ID|UNESCO Virtual Museum inventory ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/South Korean Business Registration Number|South Korean Business Registration Number]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SetesdalWiki ID|SetesdalWiki ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Biography.com ID|Biography.com ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Mackolik football manager ID|Mackolik football manager ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/S1 No.1 Style actress ID|S1 No.1 Style actress ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/biserici.org church ID|biserici.org church ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/RFC|RFC]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Hudobné centrum IDs|Hudobné centrum IDs]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/FAIR Epigraphic Vocabularies ID|FAIR Epigraphic Vocabularies ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/NVLI ID|NVLI ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SerBenfiquista.com players ID|SerBenfiquista.com players ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: [https://w.wiki/E4T9 Map of pubs in Scotland] ([https://wikis.world/@AllyD@mastodon.online/114482324831243753 source]) * Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]]: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Kazakhstan|WikiProject Kazakhstan]] * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]:[[d:Q22530539|Lake Zanzibar (Q22530539)]] - lake in Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Canada ''' Development ''' * Wikidata in Wikipedia and co: ** We worked on making Wikidata change summaries in recent changes and watchlist on the other Wikimedia projects more understandable by adding icons. This will be rolled out soon ([[phab:T397258]]) ** We continued the improvements to the Databox module ([[phab:T400322]], [[phab:T400318]]) * Mobile statement editing: We continued working on editing references ([[phab:T405236]]) and did clean-ups for the beta release ([[phab:T405743]]) * GraphQL: We continued work on including labels of linked entities in responses * Dumps: We are looking into why dump generation is slower than it should be recently [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Govdirectory/South_Korea|South Korea]] * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] . [[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] ·[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 15:50, 27 October 2025 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=29487314 --> == Tech News: 2025-44 == <section begin="technews-2025-W44"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/44|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The Wikipedia iOS app has launched an A/B/C test of improvements made to the tabbed browsing feature for select regions and languages. The test, named “More dynamic tabs”, explores new tab experiences and includes “Did you know” and “Because you read” article recommendations. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS/Tabbed Browsing (Tabs)/New Tab Experience and Recommendations Experiment|read more on the project page]]. * Autoconfirmed users on [[gitiles:operations/mediawiki-config/+/a2d2aaab9ace84280dd2f4c70a33bb69cd73850f/dblists/small.dblist|small]] and [[gitiles:operations/mediawiki-config/+/a2d2aaab9ace84280dd2f4c70a33bb69cd73850f/dblists/medium.dblist|medium wikis]] with the CampaignEvents extension can now use [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event Center/Registration|Event Registration]] without the Event Organizer right. This feature lets organizers enable registration, manage participants, and lets users register with one click instead of signing event pages. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:31}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:31|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue of flashing colors when holding or pressing the arrow keys under the dark mode settings in Vector 2022 has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402285] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The CampaignEvents extension will be deployed to all remaining wikis during the week of 17 November 2025. The extension currently includes three features: Event Registration, Collaboration List, and Invitation List. For this rollout, Invitation List will not be enabled on Wikifunctions and MediaWiki unless requested by those communities. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status|Visit the deployment page to learn more]]. * The SwaggerUI-based REST sandbox experience is now live on all wiki projects. The sandbox can be accessed through the [[{{#special:RestSandbox}}]] page. Please report any issues to the MediaWiki Interfaces team board, or join the discussion on the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Interfaces Team/Feature Feedback/REST Sandbox|project launch]] page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/6931/] * Transform endpoints with a trailing slash path in the MediaWiki REST API are now marked as deprecated. They will remain functional during this time, but removal is expected by the end of January 2026. All API users currently calling them are encouraged to transition to the non-trailing slash versions. Both endpoint variations can be found and tested using the [https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?api=mw-extra&title=Special%3ARestSandbox REST Sandbox]. See the [[mw:API/Deprecation|MediaWiki REST API Deprecation]] page for more detailed information about the API deprecation policies and procedures. * A dedicated [[mw:API:REST API/Changelog|changelog now exists for the MediaWiki REST API]]. The changelog provides an overview of these changes, making it easier for developers to keep track of improvements and iterations. Announcements will also continue to flow through the standard communication channels, including Tech News and email distribution lists, but can now be more easily referenced from a central location. If you have feedback about the style, structure, or content of this changelog, please [[mw:API talk:REST API/Changelog|join the discussion]]. * Administrators can delete the tracking category which was previously added by the JsonConfig extension, as it is no longer used. See the categories linked from [[d:Q130635582#sitelinks-wikipedia|Q130635582]]. It is OK if there are still pages listed in the category as that is just a caching issue, and they will be automatically cleared out the next time each page is edited. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T378352] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.25|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/44|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W44"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 19:27, 27 October 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29513638 --> == This Month in Education: October 2025 == <div class="plainlinks" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 14 • Issue 10 • October 2025</span> <div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/October 2025|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/October 2025/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div> <div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div> <div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;"> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2025/"WikiDonne Internship: Wikimedia Platforms for Open Education and Inclusive Culture!" winner at the Open Education Awards 2025|"WikiDonne Internship: Wikimedia Platforms for Open Education and Inclusive Culture!" winner at the Open Education Awards 2025]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2025/A Proud Chapter in My Wikimedia Journey 🇳🇬: From Editor to Organizer|A Proud Chapter in My Wikimedia Journey 🇳🇬: From Editor to Organizer]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2025/Debating open science and scientific dissemination in Brazil|Debating open science and scientific dissemination in Brazil]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2025/Enhancing Academic Articles on Wikipedia with the State University of Jakarta|Enhancing Academic Articles on Wikipedia with the State University of Jakarta]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2025/India’s Students and Educators Lead the Way in the Wiki Science Competition 2025|India’s Students and Educators Lead the Way in the Wiki Science Competition 2025]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2025/JDACA & Amman Arab University|JDACA & Amman Arab University]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2025/New starting page for Wikipedia users had been launched in September|New starting page for Wikipedia users had been launched in September]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2025/Teaching Evidence Synthesis Automation with the Wikipedia–Kaggle Dataset|Teaching Evidence Synthesis Automation with the Wikipedia–Kaggle Dataset]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2025/Wikimedia MKD’s Education Program activities for October|Wikimedia MKD’s Education Program activities for October]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2025/Wikimedia Serbia prepares eight annual Edu Wiki camp|Wikimedia Serbia prepares eight annual Edu Wiki camp]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2025/Wikivoyage editathon in Peshkopia, Albania|Wikivoyage editathon in Peshkopia, Albania]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 06:05, 2 November 2025 (UTC)</div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&oldid=29511272 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-45 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Consolations (Liszt)]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Franz Liszt - Consolation No. 3, Lento placido.ogg|center|300px|]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The '''Consolations''', S. 171a/172 (German: Tröstungen) are a set of six solo piano works by Franz Liszt. The compositions take the musical style of nocturnes with each having its own distinctive style. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 01:52, 3 November 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29558323 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #704 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2025-11-03. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#703]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * Closed request for adminship: [[Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Administrator/Samoasambia|Samoasambia]] * New requests for permissions/Bot: [[Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Bot/langCodesBot|langCodesBot]] - Task(s): Python script to automate the cleanup of deprecated language codes (e.g., kr) from Wikidata items. Delete or move labels, descriptions, and aliases based on comparisons with fallback and related languages. The script uses the Pywikibot framework to process each item and logs cases it skips due to data inconsistencies or ambiguity to a CSV file for manual review. * New request for comments: [[Wikidata:Requests for comment/Exhibition models|Exhibition models]] by [[User:Hexatekin|Hexatekin]] - This proposal focuses on standardizing models for art exhibitions. There is not a consistent data model used for art exhibitions that factors in parent-child relationships for traveling exhibitions, show series, or biennials, despite these being important and common types of events in international art history. ''' Events ''' * Past: ** Happy Birthday, Wikidata 🎉! We celebrated Wikidata’s 13th birthday with a community call to unveil presents and play games. Check out the replay of the event and the cool gifts people made: [[d:Wikidata:Thirteenth Birthday/Presents & messages|Wikidata:Thirteenth Birthday/Presents & messages]] ** WikidataCon: You can catch up on the recordings and slides in [[d:Event:WikidataCon 2025/Program|the program]] ** [https://wikidataworkshop.github.io/2025/ Wikidata Workshop at ISWC]: You can catch up on the published papers on the website. ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs: ** [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/10/29/building-an-internet-for-everyone-wikidata-recognized-as-a-digital-public-good/ Building an Internet for Everyone: Wikidata Recognized as a Digital Public Good] ** [https://tech-news.wikimedia.de/2025/10/28/enriching-wikidata-with-authoritybox/ ''Enriching Wikidata with AuthorityBox. An interview with Stefano Bargioni''] *** examples of AuthorityBox can be seen in [https://catalogo.pusc.it/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=136541 PUSC catalogue], [http://koha-urbs.reteurbs.org/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=316885 URBE catalogue] ([http://koha-urbs.reteurbs.org/opac-tmpl/lib/AuthorityBox_URBS.js code]), [https://opac.keratsini-drapetsona.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=7268 Keratsini-Drapetsona catalogue]; cf. also Stefano Bargioni, [[:d:Q84951093|''From Authority Enrichment to AuthorityBox. Applying RDA in a Koha environment'']] (2020) ** [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/11/02/exploring-nairobi-and-building-a-global-network-the-inspiring-wikimania20-experience Exploring Nairobi and Building a Global Network: The Inspiring Wikimania@20 Experience] ** [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2025/10/31/supercharging-cultural-institution-collections-with-wikidata/ Supercharging Cultural Institution Collections with Wikidata] * Videos: ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=6SkqxD9n1eY Por qué el conocimiento libre importa más que nunca | Gustavo Candela | Jornadas Anuales 2025] ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=FbaII87_M84 Wikidata Ontology Course | A NotebookLM Deep Dive] ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=ss6_wbK1gck Odia Wikimedians User Group Celebration of the 13th Wikidata Birthday] ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=bzIknKpmIYw Como utilizar o OpenRefine para cadastrar artigos científicos na Wikidata? - WikiTutoriais #05] ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=iZWKcwXNhPI Supercharging Cultural Institution Collections with Wikidata [October 2025]] ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=LL93wMSFkKs&pp=0gcJCR4Bo7VqN5tD ¿Cómo es la ontología de Wikidata?] ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=ZT0pvzfFeug Wikidata @13 celebration by the Tyap Wikimedians] ''' Tool of the week ''' [https://wikidata-reference-validator.toolforge.org/ The Wikidata Reference Validator] by [[User:JosefAnthony]] helps check and replace broken or outdated references — keeping Wikidata’s knowledge verifiable and trustworthy. It checks whether external references are still accessible or offline, so we can ensure that every statement on Wikidata shows how we know what we know. ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/10/29/building-an-internet-for-everyone-wikidata-recognized-as-a-digital-public-good/ Wikidata has been recognized as a digital public good by the Digital Public Goods Alliance] * Wikimedia chapters are providing scholarships for Wikimania 2026. Apply here if you're interested: [[:de:Wikipedia:Förderung/Wikimania/English|Wikipedia:Förderung/Wikimania/English]] ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * Newest External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P13891|‎Newegg item ID]], [[:d:Property:P13892|‎Hardcore Gaming 101 game ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> *New General datatypes property proposals to review: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Luminous flux|Luminous flux]] (<nowiki>Numerical value of the luminous flux emitted by a lighting device or light source, measured in lumens</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/anatomical structure in view|anatomical structure in view]] (<nowiki>the anatomical structure in view in the photo, e.g. head, wing, habitus (body)</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/anatomical view|anatomical view]] (<nowiki>view of an anatomical structure, e.g. ventral, dorsal, frontal</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/collector|collector]] (<nowiki>person or group who physically collected a specimen or object in the field</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Serbo-Croatian preferred project code|Serbo-Croatian preferred project code]] (<nowiki>For an interwiki article, the property points to the Serbo-Croatian project (sh, bs, hr, sr) that either has a special connection to the topic or the highest quality article.</nowiki>) * New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BG IISDA org ID|BG IISDA org ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BG NACID person ID|BG NACID person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/GCatholic former diocese ID|GCatholic former diocese ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Grokipedia ID|Grokipedia ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/The Oxford Dictionary of Family Names in Britain and Ireland ID|The Oxford Dictionary of Family Names in Britain and Ireland ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ Encyclopedia of African American History 1896 to the Present entry ID| Encyclopedia of African American History 1896 to the Present entry ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Davis Cup player ID 2025|Davis Cup player ID 2025]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Eiga.com drama ID|Eiga.com drama ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/AntCat ID|AntCat ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Last Address ID|Last Address ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Disney+ browse ID|Disney+ browse ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Japanese Film Database ID|Japanese Film Database ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Japan Location Database ID|Japan Location Database ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Fight.ru fighters ID|Fight.ru fighters ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/IMI person id|IMI person id]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: **[https://w.wiki/Fqji Map of ~12.000 western European tram stops among their respective networks] **[https://w.wiki/FvKQ Count of Wikipedia articles about UNESCO Memory of the World inscriptions] * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: [[d:Q167634|perestroïka (Q167634)]] - political movement for reformation within the Communist Party of the Soviet Union during the 1980s, widely associated with Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev and his glasnost policy reform * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase Lexemes]]:[[d:Lexeme:L46097|baseline (L46097)]] - English noun (ˈbeɪslaɪn) meaning "a starting point for comparison", "a benchmark in budgeting", or "a reference line in typography or surveying" ''' Development ''' * Mobile editing of statements: We are continuing the work on qualifiers and reference editing * GraphQL: We are continuing the work on making labels of linked entities available in GraphQL ([[phab:T404692]]) * Dumps: We are continuing to look into improvements for the dump process [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] . [[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] ·[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 15:44, 3 November 2025 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=29562339 --> == Tech News: 2025-45 == <section begin="technews-2025-W45"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/45|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * Administrators will now find that [[{{#special:MergeHistory}}]] is now significantly more flexible about what it can merge. It can now merge sections taken from the middle of the history of the source (rather than only the start) and insert revisions anywhere in the history of the destination page (rather than only the start). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T382958] * For users with "{{int:discussiontools-preference-autotopicsub}}" [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|enabled in their preferences]], starting a new topic or adding a reply to an existing topic will now subscribe them to replies to that topic. Previously, this would only happen if the DiscussionTools "{{int:Skin-action-addsection}}" or "{{int:Discussiontools-replybutton}}" widgets were used. When DiscussionTools was originally launched existing accounts were not opted in to automatic topic subscriptions, so this change should primarily affect newer accounts and users who have deliberately changed their preferences since that time. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T290778] * Scribunto modules can now be used to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#SVG library|generate SVG images]]. This can be used to build charts, graphics and other visualizations dynamically through Lua, reducing the need to compose them externally and upload them as files. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T405861] * Wikimedia sites now provide all anonymous users with the option to enable a dark mode color scheme, featuring light-colored text on a dark background. This enhancement aims to deliver a more enjoyable reading experience, especially in dimly lit environments. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T395628] * Users with large watchlists have long faced timeouts when editing [[Special:EditWatchlist|Special:EditWatchlist]]. The page now loads entries in smaller sections instead of all at once due to a paging update, allowing everyone to edit their watchlists smoothly. As part of the database update, sorting by expiry has been removed because it was over 100× slower than sorting by title. A [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Community_Wishlist/W454 community wish] has been created to explore alternative ways to restore sort-by-expiry. If this feature is important to you, please support the wish! [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T41510] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:31}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:31|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the fixing of the persisting highlighting when using VisualEditor find and replace during a query. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T407318] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Since 2019 the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia URL Shortener|Wikimedia URL Shortener]] at https://w.wiki is available for all Wikimedia wikis to create short links to articles, permalinks, diffs, etc. It is available in the sidebar as "Get shortened URL". There are 30 wikis that also install an older "ShortUrl" extension. The old extension will soon be removed. This means <code>/s/</code> URLs will not be advertised under article titles via HTML <code dir=ltr>class="title-shortlink"</code>. The <code>/s/</code> URLs will keep working. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T107188] * On Thursday, October 30, the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Interfaces Team|MediaWiki Interfaces]] and [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Site Reliability Engineering|SRE Service Operations]] teams began rerouting Action API traffic through a common API gateway. Individual wikis will be updated based on the standard release groups, with total traffic increased over time. This change is expected to be non-breaking and non-disruptive. If any issues are observed, please file a Phabricator ticket to the [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/tag/serviceops/ Service Ops team] board. * MediaWiki Train deployments will pause for the final two weeks of 2025: 22 December and 29 December. Backport windows will also pause between Monday, 22 December 2025 and Thursday, 2 January 2026. A backport window is a scheduled time to add things like bug fixes and configuration changes. There are seven deployment trains remaining for 2025. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/SMWTEAES4SDLDUSK4HMWNBSKNCXZAWYN/] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.26|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * In 2025, the Wikimedia Foundation reported that AI systems and search engines increasingly use Wikipedia content without driving users to the site, contributing to an 8% drop in human pageviews compared to 2024. After detecting bots disguised as humans, Wikimedia updated its traffic data to reflect this shift. Read more about current user trends on Wikipedia in [[diffblog:2025/10/17/new-user-trends-on-wikipedia/|a Diff blog post]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/45|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W45"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 19:30, 3 November 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29552512 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-46 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Marine coastal ecosystem]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Vegetation and fauna processes controlling benthic biogeochemical fluxes.jpg|center|300px|]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> A '''marine coastal ecosystem''' is a marine ecosystem which occurs where the land meets the ocean. Worldwide there is about 620,000 kilometres (390,000 mi) of coastline. Coastal habitats extend to the margins of the continental shelves, occupying about 7 percent of the ocean surface area. Marine coastal ecosystems include many very different types of marine habitats, each with their own characteristics and species composition. They are characterized by high levels of biodiversity and productivity. For example, estuaries are areas where freshwater rivers meet the saltwater of the ocean, creating an environment that is home to a wide variety of species, including fish, shellfish, and birds. Salt marshes are coastal wetlands which thrive on low-energy shorelines in temperate and high-latitude areas, populated with salt-tolerant plants such as cordgrass and marsh elder that provide important nursery areas for many species of fish and shellfish. Mangrove forests survive in the intertidal zones of tropical or subtropical coasts, populated by salt-tolerant trees that protect habitat for many marine species, including crabs, shrimp, and fish. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 01:54, 10 November 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29584005 --> == ''This Month in GLAM'': October 2025 == {| style="width:100%;" | valign="top" align="center" style="border:1px gray solid; padding:1em;" | {| align="center" |- | style="text-align: center;" | [[File:This Month in GLAM logo 2018.png|350px|center|link=outreach:GLAM/Newsletter]]<br /> <hr /> <div style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; text-align:center;">[[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/October 2025|<span style="color:darkslategray;">This Month in GLAM – Volume XV, Issue X, October 2025</span>]]</div> <hr /><br /> |- style="text-align: center;" | <span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman;"> '''<u>Headlines</u>'''</span> |- style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; text-align:center;" | <div style="text-align:left; column-count:2; column-width:28em; vertical-align:top;"> * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/October 2025/Contents/Belgium report|Belgium report]]: From a small language to Wikipedia's Biggest, Share Your Story with the Industry Museum and War Diaries * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/October 2025/Contents/Croatia report|Croatia report]]: Autumn activities * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/October 2025/Contents/Indonesia report|Indonesia report]]: WikiCommon community meet-ups, Wikisource trainings, and the announcement of Grant for GLAM Indonesia * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/October 2025/Contents/Italy report|Italy report]]: Open culture on stage * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/October 2025/Contents/Mexico report|Mexico report]]: How Wikimedia México is training cultural and government institutions as wikimedians. * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/October 2025/Contents/Netherlands report|Netherlands report]]: Open Topstukken project concludes; Network Archives Design and Digital Culture * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/October 2025/Contents/New Zealand report|New Zealand report]]: Granny's Wonderful Chair, Preparing for Auckland Museum Wiki Summer Students and an the ASBS Introductory Wiki Webinar * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/October 2025/Contents/Nigeria report|Nigeria report]]: Report on Participation at the 12th International Youth Conference * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/October 2025/Contents/Poland report|Poland report]]: Promoting Open Data and Digital Commons in Culture and Research * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/October 2025/Contents/Portugal report|Portugal report]]: GLAM Wiki Conference 2025 Wrap-Up * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/October 2025/Contents/Serbia report|Serbia report]]: October in Wikimedia Serbia * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/October 2025/Contents/Switzerland report|Switzerland report]]: DaSCHcon, 3D, Wiki GLAM conference * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/October 2025/Contents/UK report|UK report]]: A look at Grokipedia * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/October 2025/Contents/USA report|USA report]]: October edit-a-thons & meetings * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/October 2025/Contents/Biodiversity Heritage Library report|Biodiversity Heritage Library report]]: LivingData 2025, GLAMWiki and a "collector" Wikidata property proposal * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/October 2025/Contents/Memory of the World report|Memory of the World report]]: International outreach * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/October 2025/Contents/Sustainable CultureConnect Project report|Sustainable CultureConnect Project report]]: Sustainable CultureConnect: Empowering Youth and Preserving Heritage through Open Knowledge and Leadership * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/October 2025/Contents/Events|Calendar]]: November's GLAM events </div> |- | style="font-family:Times New Roman; text-align:center; font-size:85%;" | [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter|Read this edition in full]] &bull; [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/October 2025/Single|Single-page]] |- | valign="top" colspan="2" style="padding:0.5em; font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:center; font-size:85%;" | To assist with preparing the newsletter, please visit the [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/Newsroom|newsroom]]. Past editions may be viewed [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/Archives|here]]. |- |} |} <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:GLAM/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in GLAM'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/GLAM|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · [[:m:User:Romaine|Romaine]] 11:29, 10 November 2025 (UTC)</div> <!-- Message sent by User:Romaine@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/GLAM&oldid=29516862 --> == ''The Signpost'': 10 November 2025 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[File:WikipediaSignpostIcon.svg|40px|right]] ''News, reports and features from the English Wikipedia's newspaper''</div> <div style="column-count:2;"> * News and notes: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-11-10/News and notes|Temporary accounts go live and WMF board member self-suspends]] * Community view: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-11-10/Community view|Six Wikipedians' thoughts on Grokipedia, and the humanity of it all]] * Wikicup report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-11-10/Wikicup report|BeanieFan11, WikiCup victor of 2025, covers the results]] * In the media: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-11-10/In the media|Jimbo's book, an argument about genocide, and a train of shame]] * Recent research: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-11-10/Recent research|Taking stock of the 2024–2025 research grants]] * Opinion: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-11-10/Opinion|With Grokipedia, top-down control of knowledge is new again]] * Obituary: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-11-10/Obituary|Struway]] * Traffic report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-11-10/Traffic report|The documentaried, the disowned, the deceased, Diwali and the Dodgers]] * Comix: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-11-10/Comix|Head of steam]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost|Read this Signpost in full]]''' · [[w:en:Wikipedia:Signpost/Single|Single-page]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Signpost|Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] 12:56, 10 November 2025 (UTC) <!-- Sent via script ([[w:en:User:JPxG/SPS]]) --></div> <!-- Message sent by User:JPxG@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Signpost&oldid=29568932 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #705 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2025-11-10. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#704]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * Other: Draft policy for [[d:Wikidata:Temporary account IP viewer|temporary account IP viewers]]. What requirements should be set for this user right? ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs: [https://blog.unicode.org/2025/11/introducing-unicode-inflection-library.html Introducing the Unicode Inflection Library Technical Preview Release] : The Unicode Inflection Library leverages comprehensive lexicons from Wikidata to support standardized, multilingual grammatical transformations for global software applications. * Videos: ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=vwiCHKogS_8 Art+Feminism Celebrates Wikidata!] ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=P0TnhpU1U9U&pp=0gcJCR4Bo7VqN5tD Day 5_Using WikiData with Spyral Notebook and Project Presentation] ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=Ng89cq6ZH-o Wikidata and Wikipedia training for Art+Feminism 2025 in Uganda] ** What are Wikidata WikiProjects, and why should you join one? Watch [[c:File:What can I do on Wikidata? Examples of projects and workflows (Wikidata Leveling Up Days 2024).webm|this great explainer]] from the #LevelingUpDays2024 to see how these communities work together! Then, find your project: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProjects|Wikidata:WikiProjects]] ''' Tool of the week ''' * [[:d:User:Difool/WikidataCleanup.js|User:Difool/WikidataCleanup.js]]: gadget allowing to do, in one click, a wide series of cleanups in an item: normalize labels, descriptions, and aliases (double spaces, certain Unicode characters), remove weak references, remove weakly referenced dates when they have lower precision than a strongly referenced date and downgrade unnecessary preferred ranks; about the general issue of redundancies in Wikidata, you can check [[:d:Wikidata:WikiProject Redundancy|WikiProject Redundancy]] *[https://ghanasupremecases.toolforge.org/ Ghanasupremecases] is a webapp that dynamically pulls and displays over 2,000 Supreme Court of Ghana cases from Wikidata, allowing users to access case details linked directly to Wikidata items. The goal is to make African legal data more open, structured, and discoverable, and to demonstrate how Wikidata can serve as a foundation for national-level legal archive ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * Temporary accounts rollout: Starting November 12, the community will see logged‑out edits handled through temporary accounts instead of IPs, prompting tool and bot checks. * Help shape the future WikidatCon! If you attended [[d:Event:WikidataCon 2025|WikidataCon 2025]], please take 10 minutes to share your feedback in [https://wikimedia.sslsurvey.de/WikidataCon-2025-Feedback this] anonymous GDPR-compliant survey (sslsurvey) ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * Newest General datatypes: **[[:d:Property:P13903|operating humidity]] (<nowiki>humidity at which a device operates</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P13914|collector]] (<nowiki>person or group who physically collected a specimen or object in the field</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P13922|Serbo-Croatian preferred project code]] (<nowiki>For an interwiki article, the property points to the Serbo-Croatian project (sh, bs, hr, sr) that either has a special connection to the topic or the highest quality article.</nowiki>) *Newest External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P13893|CACI company ID]], [[:d:Property:P13894|AEK Football player ID]], [[:d:Property:P13895|Sultanlar Ligi player ID]], [[:d:Property:P13896|BeWeb historical or artistic asset ID]], [[:d:Property:P13897|SofaScore sports team ID]], [[:d:Property:P13898|FootballFakts.ru football match ID]], [[:d:Property:P13899|Kicker sports match ID]], [[:d:Property:P13900|BDFutbol match ID]], [[:d:Property:P13901|Foot Mercato / Fichajes / Fussball Transfers player ID]], [[:d:Property:P13902|‎Disney+ browse ID]], [[:d:Property:P13904|‎Filmarks ID]], [[:d:Property:P13905|Memorial Book of Social Democracy-ID]], [[:d:Property:P13906|NLAI ID]], [[:d:Property:P13907|Concise Oxford Dictionary of Family Names in Britain ID]], [[:d:Property:P13908|The Grove Encyclopedia of Decorative Arts ID]], [[:d:Property:P13909|Antique Chinese and Japanese Porcelain Dictionary and Glossary of Terms entry]], [[:d:Property:P13910|Filmfriend movie ID]], [[:d:Property:P13911|Hesse School ID]], [[:d:Property:P13912|The Oxford Dictionary of Dance entry ID]], [[:d:Property:P13913|Saxony School ID]], [[:d:Property:P13915|NCL Taiwan Periodical Literature periodical identifier]], [[:d:Property:P13916|NZ Charities Register Number]], [[:d:Property:P13917|IFES Election Guide ID]], [[:d:Property:P13918|Arte de la Argentina ID]], [[:d:Property:P13919|Democratic Memory Bank ID]], [[:d:Property:P13920|Kicker competition ID]], [[:d:Property:P13921|Soccer365.net team ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/time of deposition|time of deposition]] (<nowiki>date or point in time when an archaeological object or assemblage was buried, hidden, lost, or otherwise deposited.</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/readiness|readiness]] (<nowiki>readiness</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/greenhouse gases emissions|greenhouse gases emissions]] (<nowiki>amount of greenhouse effect emited by a given company or industry sector</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/neuter form of label|neuter form of label]] (<nowiki>neuter form of name or title</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/current season|current season]] (<nowiki>{{TranslateThis | an identifier for the team's current season <!-- | xx = descriptions in other languages --> }}</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/flag carrier of|flag carrier of]] (<nowiki>country of which the airline is the flag carrier</nowiki>) * New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BFXC authority ID|BFXC authority ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BWB-nummer|BWB-nummer]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Schulnummer Brandenburg|Schulnummer Brandenburg]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Encyclopedia of Shinto ID|Encyclopedia of Shinto ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Power Thesaurus ID|Power Thesaurus ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/WDSF person ID|WDSF person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Blu-Ray.com film ID|Blu-Ray.com film ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Japanese Law Translation ID|Japanese Law Translation ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/USGS Publication ID|USGS Publication ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Afrikaregisteret ID|Afrikaregisteret ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/National cultural monument of Czechia ID|National cultural monument of Czechia ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Admirable Façades styles ID|Admirable Façades styles ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Brussels Inventory of Architectural Heritage buildings ID|Brussels Inventory of Architectural Heritage buildings ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Brussels Inventory of Architectural Heritage streets ID|Brussels Inventory of Architectural Heritage streets ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Dicionário Biográfico de Cientistas, Engenheiros e Médicos em Portugal ID|Dicionário Biográfico de Cientistas, Engenheiros e Médicos em Portugal ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/TikTok User ID|TikTok User ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: [https://w.wiki/9hdp Map of all places related to persons with layers by property of the place] ([[Wikidata:Request_a_query#Map of all places related to persons with layers by property of the place|source]]) * WikiProject Highlights: Passionate about highlighting women's achievements? [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Women|WikiProject Women]] is dedicated to creating and improving data about women worldwide. Help close the gender gap in knowledge! [https://wikis.world/tags/WikidataWikiProjects #WikidataWikiProjects] * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: [[d:Q1136251|Mapungubwe Cultural Landscape (Q1136251)]] - cultural landscape in South Africa * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase Lexemes]]: [[d:Lexeme:L4479|fold (L4479)]] - English verb (foʊld) meaning "to bend over on itself", "to mix ingredients gently", or "to fail or give in" ''' Development ''' The development team were involved in roadmap planning meetings so not much happened in the past week. [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Govdirectory/Paraguay|Paraguay]] * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] . [[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] ·[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 15:44, 10 November 2025 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=29605325 --> == Tech News: 2025-46 == <section begin="technews-2025-W46"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/46|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' [[File:Talk pages default look (April 2023).jpg|thumb|alt=Screenshot of the visual improvements made on talk pages|Example of a talk page with the new design, in French.]] * Starting November 12, users will see a change in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Feature summary#Usability improvements|appearance of talk pages]] on [[Phab:T379264|some Wikipedias]]. Almost [[phab:T392121|all wikis]] have received this design change; [[phab:T409297|English Wikipedia]] will get these changes later. You can read more [[diffblog:2024/05/02/making-talk-pages-better-for-everyone/|on ''Diff'']]. Users can opt out of these changes [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|in their user preferences]] in "{{int:discussiontools-preference-visualenhancements}}". [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T379264] * MediaWiki can now display a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Protection indicators|page indicator]] automatically while a page is protected. This feature is disabled by default. It can be enabled by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Requesting wiki configuration changes|community request]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T12347] * Using the "{{int:showpreview}}" or "{{int:showdiff}}" buttons in the wikitext editor will now carry over certain URL parameters like '[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Parameters to index.php#useskin|useskin]]', '[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Parameters to index.php#uselang|uselang]]' and '[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Section#Editing sections|section]]'. This update also fixes an issue where, if the browser crashed while previewing an edit to a single section, saving this edit could overwrite the entire page with just that section’s content. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T62744][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T24029][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T155097] * Wikivoyage wikis can use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer#Markers and counters|colored map markers in the article text]]. The text of these markers will now be shown in contrasting black or white color, instead of always being white. Local workarounds for the problem can be removed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T369454] * The Activity tab in the Wikipedia Android app is now available for all users. The new tab offers personalized insights into reading, editing, and donation activity, while simplifying navigation and making app use more engaging. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Apps/Team/Android/Activity_Tab_Experiment] * The Reader Growth team is launching an experiment called "Image browsing" to test how to make it easier for readers to browse and discover images on Wikipedia articles. This experiment, a mobile-only A/B test, will go live on English Wikipedia in the week of November 17 and will run for four weeks, affecting 0.05% of users on English wiki. The test launched on November 3 on Arabic, Chinese, French, Indonesian, and Vietnamese wikis, affecting up to 10% of users on those wikis. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Readers/Reader_Growth/WE3.1.3_Image_Browsing] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example the inability to lock accounts on mobile sites has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T256185] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[wikitech:Help talk:Toolforge/Toolforge standards committee#November 2025 committee nominations|Nominations are open on Wikitech]] for new [[wikitech:Help:Toolforge/Toolforge standards committee|Toolforge standards committee]] members. The committee oversees the Toolforge [[wikitech:Help:Toolforge/Right to fork policy|Right to fork policy]] and [[wikitech:Help:Toolforge/Abandoned tool policy|Abandoned tool policy]] among other duties. Nominations will remain open through 2025-11-28. * The [[w:JSON Web Token#Standard fields|JWT issuer field]] in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/OAuth/For Developers#OAuth 2|OAuth 2 access tokens]] for [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Unified login|SUL wikis]] has been changed to <code><nowiki>https://meta.wikimedia.org</nowiki></code>. Old access tokens will still work. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T399199] * The [[w:JSON Web Token#Standard fields|JWT subject field]] in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/OAuth/For Developers#OAuth 2|OAuth 2 access tokens]] will soon change from <code><user id></code> to <code dir=ltr style="white-space:nowrap">mw:<identity type>:<user id></code>, where <code><identity type></code> is typically <code dir=ltr>CentralAuth:</code><!-- not a typo --> (for [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Unified login|SUL wikis]]) or <code dir=ltr style="white-space:nowrap">local:<wiki id></code> (for other wikis). This is to avoid conflicts between different user ID types, and to make OAuth 2 access tokens and the <code>sessionJwt</code> cookie more similar. Old access tokens will still work. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T399199] * MediaWiki's block messages ([[MediaWiki:Blockedtext|blockedtext]], [[MediaWiki:Blockedtext-partial|blockedtext-partial]], [[MediaWiki:Autoblockedtext|autoblockedtext]], [[MediaWiki:Systemblockedtext|systemblockedtext]], [[MediaWiki:Blockedtext-tempuser|blockedtext-tempuser]], [[MediaWiki:Autoblockedtext-tempuser|autoblockedtext-tempuser]]) now support additional parameters indicating whether the user is blocked from editing their own user talk page <code><nowiki>$9</nowiki></code> or emailing other users <code><nowiki>$</nowiki><nowiki>10</nowiki></code>. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T285612] * A <code>REL1_45</code> branch for MediaWiki core and each of the extensions and skins in Wikimedia git has been created. This is the first step in the release process for MediaWiki 1.45.0, scheduled for late November 2025. If you are working on a critical bug fix or working on a new feature, you may need to take note of this change. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/ZUY7TY3Z6XPZWZVAZV63OPO5OW52Q6GE/] * The process for generating CirrusSearch dumps has been updated due to slowing performance. If you encounter any issues migrating to the replacement dumps, please contact the Search Platform Team for support. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366248][https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/3KQPOR6ACVN6OVLMLZPIBXQSWQKW4E3K/] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.2|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/46|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W46"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 20:35, 10 November 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29606150 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-47 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Elephant communication]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Three elephant's curly kisses.jpg|center|300px|]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Elephants communicate''' via touching, visual displays, vocalisations, seismic vibrations, and semiochemicals. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 02:24, 17 November 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29627457 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #706 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2025-11-17. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#705]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * New requests for permissions/Bot: ** [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Bot/Che-W-bot|Che-W-bot]] - Task(s): Possible duplicate of the bot below. ** [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Bot/CheWikibot|CheWikibot]] - Task(s): Import new articles created on Chechen Wikipedia (ce.wiki) to Wikidata. ** [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Bot/DDResearchBot|DDResearchBot]] - Task(s): This bot will facilitate adding structured, cited data from trusted integrity sources to Wikidata for [[d:User:Deweydigital|Dewey Digital]]. * Closed request for comments: ** [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_comment/Adapt_blocking_policy_to_IPv6_networks|Adapt blocking policy to IPv6 networks]] - While there is a general agreement for admins to block /64, no consensus to add to the blocking Policy was reached. ** [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_comment/Documented_and_featured_SPARQL_queries|Proposal to better document featured SPARQL queries]] - Consensus was reached and a vote is planned. ** [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_comment/Gender_neutral_labels_for_occupations_and_positions_in_French|Gender neutral Labels for occupations/positions in French]] - Majority support for using male and female forms in French labels and aliases, gender-neutral descriptions, and completing male/female label properties. ** [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_comment/Creating_items_for_videos_at_online_video_platforms_that_are_representation_of_notable_items|Items for videos of online platforms that represent notable Items]] - No consensus could be reached. ** [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_comment/Is_it_worth_to_import_labels_from_interlanguage_links_of_other_wikipedia_projects_to_wikidata|Should Labels of interlanguage links from other Wikipedia Projects?]] - There is general support to import labels, however there are concerns about the import as an Alias. ** [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_comment/Signed_Statements_(T138708)|Signed Statements]] - No consensus could be reached. ** [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_comment/Use_of_dates_in_the_descriptions_of_items_regarding_humans|Use of dates in descriptions of items regarding humans]] - Dates on Wikidata are community-specific; add only to disambiguate, don’t remove, and format per language conventions. * Project chat: [[d:Wikidata:Project_chat#Proposal:_Prohibiting_LLM-generated_content|Proposal:Prohibiting LLM-generated content]] *Other: ** [[d:Wikidata:Temporary account IP viewer|Wikidata:Temporary account IP viewer]] - users who may view IP addresses associated with temporary accounts. ** [[d:Wikidata:Self-promotion|Wikidata:Self-promotion]] - an essay on creating an Item about yourself, your organisation, or your work is a form of self-promotion and is strongly discouraged. Feel free to update this page. ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: ** [[m:Event:Wikidata_Days_IWUG_and_WAFTAI_2025|Wikidata Days: IWUG and WAFTAI]] - A 4 day edit-a-thon beginning November 26, 2025, for Cameroonian and Nigerian educational institutions. ** [https://wikimedia.or.id/acara/wikilatih-wikidata-fakultas-sains-dan-teknologi-universitas-airlangga/ WikiLatih Wikidata ] - November 21, 08:50am (WIB), learning around Wikidata: how to reuse data and edit Items. Organised by the Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga. * Just missed it: [[m:Event:First_steps_in_Wikidata_for_the_Wikimedia_LGBT_Community|First steps in Wikidata for the Wikimedia LGBT Community]] - two introductory workshops for English, French and Spanish Wikipedians with an interest in learning Wikidata. ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs: [https://outreach.wikimedia.org/wiki/GLAM/Newsletter/October_2025/Contents/Netherlands_report GLAM Netherlands report] The joint Radboud–Maastricht project Open Topstukken concluded at the Dutch National Library, showcasing 30 digitized collection highlights enriched with Linked Open Data via Wikidata and supported by new tools, documentation, and visualizations to enhance digital accessibility and interoperability. ** * Videos: ** (Spanish) [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=rNlREPqT9f8 Mujeres que Inspiran: Layla Michán - Wikidata e investigación] (Women who inspire. Wikidata & research) ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=CIVEYu4_C5E Wikidata Workshop: Improving African Authors and Books Items] ** (Spanish) [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=Y-CBvDSjnjM Enriquecer, reutilizar y modelar datos y metadatos usando Wikidata. Tomás Saorín Pérez] (Enrich, reuse, and model data and metadata using Wikidata.) ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=EAXd0rIl3kU Guide to the Wikidata Notability Policy] ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=NnZan0XUpAc Wikidata: Wikimedia's knowledge graph in a world of generative AI] ** (Portuguese) [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=zvIJUb4Z4r0 O que saber antes de editar no Wikidata] (What to know before editing on Wikidata) ** (Portuguese) [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=SZRaZMkwoWc Para além da Wikipédia: como os dados estruturados conectam saberes] (Beyond Wikipedia: how structured data connect knowledge) ''' Tool of the week ''' *[https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/User:Poro26/ArchiveExternaLinks.js/Documentation ArchiveExternaLinks] is a UserScript by [[User:Poro26|Poro26]]. The UserScript automates the archiving of all external links present in an item, whether they appear in statements, references or identifiers. For each external link, the script automatically adds an archive link [archive], similar to what is done on Wikipedia for web sources cited in references ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * Newest General datatypes: **[[:d:Property:P13923|data collection method]] (<nowiki>scientific data collection procedure used in/by the subject</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P13926|time of deposition]] (<nowiki>point in time when an archaeological object or assemblage was buried, hidden, lost, or otherwise deposited</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P13939|Commonwealth Sport country code]] (<nowiki>code for countries participating in Commonwealth Sport events</nowiki>) * Newest External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P13924|Japanese Film Database ID]], [[:d:Property:P13925|GCatholic former diocese ID]], [[:d:Property:P13927|Myanmar Company Registration Number]], [[:d:Property:P13928|Team Austria athlete ID]], [[:d:Property:P13929|‎ECHL.com player ID]], [[:d:Property:P13930|‎Genbu.net ID]], [[:d:Property:P13931|ISTAMPIE ID]], [[:d:Property:P13932|HarmonyOS NEXT APP ID]], [[:d:Property:P13933|Federal Legal Information ID]], [[:d:Property:P13934|UNESCO Virtual Museum inventory ID]], [[:d:Property:P13935|South Korean Business Registration Number]], [[:d:Property:P13936|‎Lämningsnummer]], [[:d:Property:P13937|‎Mackolik football manager ID]], [[:d:Property:P13938|Biserici.org church ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/role in naming|role in naming]] (<nowiki>the role the namesake played in relation to this item, i.e. why the item is named after the namesake</nowiki>) * New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Korea Heritage Service Heritage Portal ID|Korea Heritage Service Heritage Portal ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Lubimyczytać version/edition ID|Lubimyczytać version/edition ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/UEA catalogue ID|UEA catalogue ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CRA program account number|CRA program account number]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/PL-AED|PL-AED]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Yandex Object Answer ID|Yandex Object Answer ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: **[https://w.wiki/G2bz Towns named after Alexander the great] **[https://w.wiki/G8T$ Heritage added to the Memory of the World International Register in 2025] (newly added data) * Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]]: [[Wikidata:WikiProject LGBTQ History|WikiProject LGBTQ History]] - aims to improve and organize data related to the history, people, places, events, and organizations that have contributed to LGBTQ+ experiences across time and geography. * WikiProject Highlights: ** 👩🔬Passionate about highlighting women's achievements? WikiProject Women is dedicated to creating and improving data about women worldwide. Help close the gender gap in knowledge! [[Wikidata:WikiProject_Women|WikiProject Women]] ** 🗳️ Interested in democracy and political data? Join WikiProject Elections to model data about elections, candidates, and results from around the globe. Make electoral data open and accessible! [[Wikidata:WikiProject_Elections|WikiProject Elections]] ** 🏛️ How do you find info on government institutions? WikiProject Govdirectory has a structured data model for that! Help improve data about public agencies on Wikidata. [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Govdirectory|WikiProject Govdirectory]] ** 🎵 Into music? From classical to K-pop, WikiProject Music needs your expertise to harmonize data on songs, artists, and releases. Join the band! [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Music|WikiProject Music]] ** 🧬 Your skills can help model lifesaving data. WikiProject Medicine works on structured data for diseases, drugs, clinical trials, and anatomy. Join a project that matters. [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Medicine|WikiProject Medicine]] ** 🔍 Interested in how knowledge itself is structured? WikiProject Ontology delves into the fundamental classes and properties of Wikidata. Shape the backbone of the knowledge graph! [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Ontology|WikiProject Ontology]] * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: [[d:Q12060728|Aboriginal Australians (Q12060728)]] - First Nations people of Australia * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase Lexemes]]: [[d:Lexeme:L1078947|ਦਿਮਾਗ਼ (L1078947)]] - Punjabi noun (dɪ.mäːɣ) meaning "brain (organ)", "intellect/mind", or "understanding/consciousness" ''' Development ''' * Mobile statement editing: ** We are working on editing statements that link to other entities in their value ([[phab:T403974]], [[phab:T409149]]) ** We enabled mobile statement editing as a beta feature on test.wikidata.org ([[phab:T407737]]) * GraphQL prototype: We finished the work on making labels of linked entities available ([[phab:T404692]]) * Dumps: We are continuing to work on making the dump process more robust [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] . [[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] ·[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 15:18, 17 November 2025 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=29651461 --> == Tech News: 2025-47 == <section begin="technews-2025-W47"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/47|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|Reader Experience team]] is experimenting with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/WE3.3.4_Reading lists|reading lists on mobile web]], allowing logged-in readers with no edits to save private lists of articles for later. The experiment is running on Arabic, Chinese, French, Indonesian, and Vietnamese Wikipedias since the week of 10 November, and will begin on English Wikipedia the week of 17 November. * Users who can’t receive their email verification code during login can now get help by submitting a form on a new special page. This update is part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security|Account Security]] initiative. If your account has an email address, please make sure you still have access to it. When logging in from a new device or location without 2FA, you may be asked to enter a 6-digit code sent by email to finish logging in. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security#Why are you requiring me to enter a code from my email to log in? Can I opt out of this?|Learn more]]. * One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikisource}} in [[d:Q13324|Minangkabau]] ([[s:min:|<code>s:min:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T408317] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * As part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification|Parser Unification]] project, the Content Transform Team rolled out Parsoid as the default parser to many low-traffic Wikipedias and is preparing the next step to high traffic ones. This message is an invitation for you to opt-in to Parsoid, as described in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserMigration|Extension:ParserMigration]] documentation, and identify any issues you might encounter with your own workflow using bots, gadgets, or user scripts. Please, let us know through the ''"Report Visual Bug"'' link in the Tools sidebar or create a phab ticket and tag the [[phab:project/view/5846|Content Transform Team in Phabricator]]. * Unsupported Tools: Several issues with [[:c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Video2commons|Video2Commons]] have been fixed, including filename-related upload failures, black-video imports, and retry handling. AV1 support has also been added. Ongoing work focuses on backend stability, ffmpeg errors, subtitle imports, metadata handling, and playlist uploads. To track specific tasks, check the [[phab:tag/video2commons/|Phabricator board]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.3|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * Save the date for the next Wikimedia Hackathon happening in Milan, Italy from May 1–3, 2026. Registration will open in January 2026. [https://pretix.eu/wikimedia/Hackathon-2026/ Scholarship applications are currently open], and will close on November 28, 2025. If you have any questions, please email <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">hackathon@wikimedia.org</bdi>. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/47|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W47"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 17:23, 17 November 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29627455 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-48 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Animal-made art]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Painting Queen 1024x768.png|center|300px|]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Animal-made art''' consists of works by non-human animals, that have been considered by humans to be artistic, including visual works, music, photography, and videography. Some of these are created naturally by animals, often as courtship displays, while others are created with human involvement. There have been debates about the copyright status of these works, with the United States Copyright Office stating in 2014 that works that lack human authorship cannot have their copyright registered at the US Copyright Office. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 02:13, 24 November 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29627457 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #707 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2025-11-24. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#706]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * New requests for permissions/Bot: ** [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Bot/News2DataBot|News2DataBot]] - Task(s): Check for new, unlinked articles on [[n:pl:|Polish Wikinews]] and create relevant Items. ** [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Bot/WikidataLiteraryWorksMetaDataUpload|WikidataLiteraryWorksMetaDataUpload]] - Task(s): Upload metadata for literary works from research project. * New request for comments: The [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_comment/Exhibition_models|Exhibition Models]] RfC was split into 2 Schema proposals: [[d:Wikidata:Schema_proposals/exhibition_concept|Exhibition Concept]] and [[d:Wikidata:Schema_proposals/exhibition_manifestation|Exhibition Manifestation]]. ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: ** Upcoming LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group session on 25 November 2025: Join the community-driven effort led by WikiProject Personal Pronouns to improve pronoun data modeling and ethics in Wikidata. This is part of a three-session series (Oct 14, Nov 25, Dec 9) focused on implementing new best practices. No prior Wikidata experience required. Join at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1764090000 17:00 UTC]. [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group/Project Series/PersonalPronouns|Event page]]. ** [[mw:Wikimedia_Hackathon_2026|Wikimedia Hackathon 2026]] - Hosted in Milan, Italy, scholarships are now open, [https://pretix.eu/wikimedia/Hackathon-2026/ apply on Pretix]. ** [https://www.instagram.com/p/DRNg5ldkSi6/ Art+Feminism & Whose Knowledge?] - A conversation on building a feminist data future, Dec 5, 2025, 13:00 UTC ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1764939600 Time zone converter]). ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs: ** [https://www.allmo.ai/articles/what-we-know-about-the-impact-of-wikipedia-on-chatgpt-search-results Impact of Wikipedia and Wikidata on ChatGPT search results] ** [https://christianmahnke.de/en/post/authority-data-for-private-collectors/ Wikidata as an authority data source for private collectors] ** (German) [https://www.wikimeisterei.info/umwelt-und-klimabezug-in-grossen-wissensdatenbanken-wikipedia-wikidata-und-umweltportale-im-vergleich/ Environmental and climate reference in large knowledge databases. Wikipedia, Wikidata and environmental portals in comparison] * Presentations: Wikidata as a challenge for rule systems (Declarative AI 2025 Conf.) - [[c:File:Slideshow,_Wikidata_as_a_Challenge_for_Rule_Systems_-_Declarative_AI_2025_Conference_-_24_September_2025.pdf|Slides]] / [[c:File:Wikidata_as_a_Challenge_for_Rule_Systems_-_Declarative_AI_2025_Conference_-_24_September_2025.webm|Recording]] * Papers: [https://zenodo.org/records/17658826 Snapshot of bibliographic metadata from Wikidata for all Arabic periodicals published worldwide before 1930] - Project Jarāʾid, by T. Grallert, (2025). * Videos: ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4iiL9WFx2JY An introduction to Wikidata and its use for librarians and researchers]; slides available [[:commons:File:An introduction to Wikidata and its use for librarians and researchers.pdf|on Commons]] ** WikidataCon 2025 Session Playlists (YouTube):<br> [https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLduaHBu_3ejPTAZXQTHlAElm-DZ5dohph&si=5IJr95Jrh_AyIT43 Day 1 (31.10)] / [https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLduaHBu_3ejM0BKzQWaw_WKIBamH4DevT&si=U-sw7JMx3xsiGu-d Day 2 (01.11)] / [https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLduaHBu_3ejNQdOCF9ztkrUktwi_UMRD5&si=0xXL60KWrhXff98F Day 3 (02.11)] ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=1S4ujNG8w5M Wikidata in library catalogues: Introduction to the Primo VE linked data feature] - By Dr Thneed ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=mHXIZBfft7A Wikidata Live Editing: Stolpersteine and the Holocaust victims they commemorate] ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=5MKIlVJyeCw&pp=0gcJCR4Bo7VqN5tD Towards Linked Data Fluency: Takeaways from a Wikidata Workflow Pilot Program] ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dOoNMI7o_G4 Enhancing authority files through SPARQL federated queries] - Thomas Kerboul and the Bibliothèque de Genève improved person data by comparing Wikidata and IdRef, with manual checks preventing ID mix-ups. ** (Spanish) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rNlREPqT9f8 Inspiring Women: Layla Michán - Wikidata and research] - Dr. Aguirre (UNAM) discusses Wikidata as a collaborative research tool and shared experiences in the “Women Who Inspire” series. ''' Tool of the week ''' * [https://wikidata-timetrail.toolforge.org/ Timetrail] is a website that visualizes the movement of Wikidata items over time by mapping their associated events and locations. * The redesigned WikiProvenance is now live, featuring a new front end and backend for exploring and comparing Wikidata provenance information. Try examples like [https://wikiprovenance.toolforge.org/provenance.html?item=Q1339 Johann Sebastian Bach] or [https://wikiprovenance.toolforge.org/compare.html?compare=Q5,Q515 Human vs. City] and [https://wikiprovenance.toolforge.org/compare.html?compare=Q90,Q84 Paris vs. London]. Explore it here: [https://wikiprovenance.toolforge.org/ https://wikiprovenance.toolforge.org/] ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * [[d:Wikidata:Data_access#Linked_Data_Fragments_endpoint|LDF endpoint retirement considered]]: The unstable and low-traffic LDF endpoint may be retired to reduce maintenance effort and unnecessary load on WDQS. If your workflow depends on it and you would hate to see it go, please let the Wikidata development team know at [[d:Wikidata talk:Data access|Wikidata talk:Data access]]. * [[d:Wikidata:Project_chat#Reminder:_WDQS_legacy_endpoint_decommissioning|WDQS Legacy endpoint deprecation]]: The legacy endpoint (<code>query-legacy-full.wikidata.org</code>) will be fully decommissioned on 7 January 2026. Please migrate tools and workflows to the supported endpoints: <code>query.wikidata.org</code> (Main) or <code>query-scholarly.wikidata.org</code> (Scholarly). Assistance is available on the [[d:Wikidata:Data_access|Data Access]] and [[d:Wikidata:Request_a_query|Request a Query]] pages. * [[c:File:Community report Data Governance Research (Q2 2025).pdf|Insights from Data Governance Research Process 2025]]: Results of the research to better understand how the communities currently think about which data and communities are best served by Wikidata, Wikibase Cloud or Wikibase Suite respectively. * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract_Wikipedia/Abstract_Wikipedia_naming_contest|Abstract Wikipedia naming contest]]: Help pick a name for the new Wikimedia wiki project which is provisionally known as Abstract Wikipedia. The second phase of voting is now open until December 1. ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * Newest External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P13940|CUIT]], [[:d:Property:P13941|REGAFI id]], [[:d:Property:P13942|Hong Kong company ID]], [[:d:Property:P13943|California Entity Number]], [[:d:Property:P13944|Mã số doanh nghiệp]], [[:d:Property:P13945|‎InfoconDB series ID]], [[:d:Property:P13946|‎InfoconDB conference ID]], [[:d:Property:P13947|‎Biography.com ID]], [[:d:Property:P13948|Hudobné centrum person ID]], [[:d:Property:P13949|Hudobné centrum group ID]], [[:d:Property:P13950|FAIR Epigraphic Vocabularies ID]], [[:d:Property:P13951|NVLI ID]], [[:d:Property:P13952|SerBenfiquista.com players ID]], [[:d:Property:P13953|‎BG IISDA org ID]], [[:d:Property:P13954|‎BG NACID person ID]], [[:d:Property:P13955|The Oxford Dictionary of Family Names in Britain and Ireland ID]], [[:d:Property:P13956|Encyclopedia of African American History 1896 to the Present entry ID]], [[:d:Property:P13957|National cultural monument of Czechia ID]], [[:d:Property:P13958|‎Davis Cup player ID since 2025]], [[:d:Property:P13959|‎Eiga.com drama ID]], [[:d:Property:P13960|Last Address ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/parliamentary group leader|parliamentary group leader]] (<nowiki>the identity of the leader of a parliamentary group</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SignWriting transcription|SignWriting transcription]] (<nowiki>representation in SignWriting</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/free height|free height]] (<nowiki>vertical distance from the floor level to the lowest obstruction in the ceiling of an indoor or outdoor space</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/thumbtime|thumbtime]] (<nowiki>Time for video thumbnail in seconds</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Credibly accused of|Credibly accused of]] (<nowiki>entity (person or organization) that has been credibly accused of a crime or serious misconduct, but is not (yet) convicted</nowiki>) * New External identifier property proposals to review:: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CHZZK streamer ID|CHZZK streamer ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/FC Barcelona players ID|FC Barcelona players ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Qalamos person ID|Qalamos person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/KISTI conference ID|KISTI conference ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/KaraokeTexty.cz artist ID|KaraokeTexty.cz artist ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/KaraokeTexty.cz song ID|KaraokeTexty.cz song ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/DLSite dōjin circle ID|DLSite dōjin circle ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/DLSite person ID|DLSite person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/DLSite work ID|DLSite work ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Showlabs ID|Showlabs ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/DEUMM Online ID|DEUMM Online ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Kvinnehistorie.no persons ID|Kvinnehistorie.no persons ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Foot Résultats player ID|Foot Résultats player ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Manga-DB person ID|Manga-DB person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Manga-DB publisher ID|Manga-DB publisher ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Manga-DB magazine ID|Manga-DB magazine ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Slekt og Data cemetery ID|Slekt og Data cemetery ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: ** [https://w.wiki/GGLu Videogames in the wrong genre] ([[d:Wikidata:Request_a_query#Video_games_with_the_wrong_genre|source]]) ** [https://w.wiki/GGM2 People buried in Italian (or subregion) cemeteries] ([[d:Wikidata:Request_a_query#People_buried_in_Italian_(or_a_subregion)_cemeteries|source]]) * Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]]: ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Bookbindings|Bookbindings]] - share metadata and images from the currently offline Database of Bookbindings at the British Library ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Irish_Traditional_Music/Projects|Irish Traditional Music:Projects]] - aims to systematically create and enhance Wikidata items for people profiled in the 2024 edition of Fintan Vallely's The Companion to Irish Traditional Music. ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Basketball/Teams/Western_Illinois_Leathernecks_women's_basketball|Basketball: Western Illinois Leathernecks Women's]] * WikiProject Highlights: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Lost_Media#Subpages|Lost Media/Subpages]] - aim to list all media lost to time in Wikidata * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: [[d:Q118398|arXiv (Q118398)]] - online digital archive for electronic preprints of scientific papers * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase Lexemes]]: [[d:Lexeme:L1405411|Bogucin (L1405411)]] - Polish proper noun (bɔˈɡu.t͡ɕin) meaning "village in Greater Poland", "village in Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship", or "village in Lublin Voivodeship" ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] . [[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] ·[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 15:28, 24 November 2025 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=29702952 --> == Tech News: 2025-48 == <section begin="technews-2025-W48"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/48|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * Last week, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Search Platform|Wikimedia Search Team]] recreated the "DWIM" (Do What I Mean) gadget functionality server-side, for Russian and Hebrew Wikipedias. This feature adds cross-keyboard suggestions to the standard search-box suggestions. For example, searching for ''<span lang="und" dir="ltr">cxfcnmt</span>'' on Russian Wikipedia will now add suggestions for ''<span lang="ru" dir="ltr">счастье</span>'' ("happiness") that the user probably intended. They plan to enable this feature for other Russian and Hebrew wikis this week. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T408734] * Later this week, users of the "{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}" [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta feature]] will have syntax highlighting available in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]]. This requires that the "{{int:discussiontools-preference-sourcemodetoolbar}}" preference be set. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T407918] * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|Campaign events extension]] – the set of tools for coordinating events and other on-wiki collaborations has now been deployed to all Wikimedia wikis. A new feature known as [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Collaborative contributions|Collaborative contribution]] to help organizers and participants see the impact of activities has also been added. Join the upcoming [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Connection learning session 3|learning session]] to see the new feature in action and share your feedback. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:24}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:24|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the bug which stopped CodeReviewBot from working, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T410417] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Users of Wikimedia API can join a usability study to help validate the new design of Wikimedia REST API sandboxes. Interested participants should fill the [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/487662 recruitment survey]. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/IREJRRWTZTGCYWQHDMSNJFTQAEPOOAE3/] * The MediaWiki Interfaces team is deprecating XSLT stylesheets within the Action API. Support for <code dir=ltr>format=xml'''&xlst={stylesheet}'''</code> will be removed from Wikimedia projects by the end of November, 2025. In addition, it will soon be disabled by default in MediaWiki release versions: v1.43 (LTS), v1.44, and v1.45. Support for XSLT stylesheets will be fully removed from MediaWiki v1.46 (expected to release between April and May 2026). [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/5AX7UWAVVUNUSBOIRHMNOKWOZ5EZI3JX/] * The WDQS legacy endpoint ([https://query-legacy-full.wikidata.org/ query-legacy-full.wikidata.org]) will be decommissioned at the end of December 2025, and finally closed down on 7th January 2026. After this date, users should expect requests to query.wikidata.org that require the full graph to fail or return invalid results if they are not rewritten to use SPARQL federation. The team encourages users to ensure that tools and workflows use the supported WDQS endpoints (<span dir=ltr><nowiki>https://query.wikidata.org/</nowiki></span> - Main graph or <span dir=ltr><nowiki>https://query-scholarly.wikidata.org/</nowiki></span> - Scholarly graph). For support with migrating use cases, please review the [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Data_access|Data Access]] and [[d:Wikidata:Request_a_query|Request a Query]] pages for details and assistance on alternative access methods. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.4|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/48|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W48"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 15:53, 24 November 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29702226 --> == This Month in Education: November 2025 == <div class="plainlinks" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 14 • Issue 11 • November 2025</span> <div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/November 2025|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/November 2025/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div> <div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div> <div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;"> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Auckland Museum's Wiki Summer Student Programme is back for 2025 & 2026|Auckland Museum's Wiki Summer Student Programme is back for 2025 & 2026]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Edu Wiki camp 2025 in Belgrade, Serbia|Edu Wiki camp 2025 in Belgrade, Serbia]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Wikidata na Escola: estudantes da zona rural de Minas Gerais contribuem com dados sobre mulheres negras brasileiras|Wikidata na Escola: estudantes da zona rural de Minas Gerais contribuem com dados sobre mulheres negras brasileiras]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/190 students from Oteitza Lizeoa create 48 articles on the history of the Basque Country for Txikipedia in one day|190 students from Oteitza Lizeoa create 48 articles on the history of the Basque Country for Txikipedia in one day]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/2nd International Congress Wikimedia, Education, and Digital Cultures – WECUDI|2nd International Congress Wikimedia, Education, and Digital Cultures – WECUDI]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Africa and Proud Leads Wiki Classroom Project Across Three Nigerian States|Africa and Proud Leads Wiki Classroom Project Across Three Nigerian States]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/November 2025November 2025/Annual Czech Wiki Conference took place on Saturday, Nov 8th|November 2025November 2025/Annual Czech Wiki Conference took place on Saturday, Nov 8th]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/EduWiki Meetup at GLAM Wiki Conference 2025|EduWiki Meetup at GLAM Wiki Conference 2025]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Highly productive autumn education activities in Macedonia|Highly productive autumn education activities in Macedonia]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Kannada Wikipedia Asian Month 2025: Edit-a-thon & Workshop Highlights from Loyola College, Karnataka|Kannada Wikipedia Asian Month 2025: Edit-a-thon & Workshop Highlights from Loyola College, Karnataka]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Kosovo Wikivoyage Editathons in Gjakova and Krusha e Madhe|Kosovo Wikivoyage Editathons in Gjakova and Krusha e Madhe]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Ukrainian educators create open lesson plans based on the «Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom» course|Ukrainian educators create open lesson plans based on the «Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom» course]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/United Architects of the Philippines Student Auxiliary – University of Nueva Caceres joins Wikisource Training|United Architects of the Philippines Student Auxiliary – University of Nueva Caceres joins Wikisource Training]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Videos on Teaching Experiences with Wikipedia, Wikidata, Commons, and OSM|Videos on Teaching Experiences with Wikipedia, Wikidata, Commons, and OSM]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Wiki as a tool for technological empowerment of indigenous knowledge|Wiki as a tool for technological empowerment of indigenous knowledge]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Wiki Science Competition in Albania and Kosovo|Wiki Science Competition in Albania and Kosovo]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Wiki Workshop 2026 Call for Contributions|Wiki Workshop 2026 Call for Contributions]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Wikipedia Contribution with Faculty of Mathematical and Natural Sciences Students in Kosovo|Wikipedia Contribution with Faculty of Mathematical and Natural Sciences Students in Kosovo]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Impact of Wikimedia Rwanda Wiki Clubs in Growth of Wikimedia User Group Rwanda Community|Impact of Wikimedia Rwanda Wiki Clubs in Growth of Wikimedia User Group Rwanda Community]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 13:46, 30 November 2025 (UTC)</div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&oldid=29716809 --> == ''The Signpost'': 1 December 2025 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[File:WikipediaSignpostIcon.svg|40px|right]] ''News, reports and features from the English Wikipedia's newspaper''</div> <div style="column-count:2;"> * News and notes: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-12-01/News and notes|Election cycles come and go, and Wikimedia Foundation achieves record revenue in 2024–2025!]] * In the media: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-12-01/In the media|Wales walk-off, antisemitism, supernatural powers, feminism turmoil, saints, and sex]] * Recent research: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-12-01/Recent research|At least 80 million inconsistent facts on Wikipedia – can AI help find them?]] * Disinformation report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-12-01/Disinformation report|Epstein email exchanges planned strategy, edits and reported progress]] * Traffic report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-12-01/Traffic report|It's a family affair]] * Book review: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-12-01/Book review|''The Seven Rules of Trust'']] * From the archives: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-12-01/From the archives|"I have been asked by Jeffrey Epstein ..."]] * Humour: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-12-01/Humour|An interview with Wikipe-tan]] * Opinion: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-12-01/Opinion|AI finds errors in 90% of Wikipedia's best articles]] * Serendipity: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-12-01/Serendipity|Highlights from the itWikiCon 2025]] * Comix: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-12-01/Comix|Madness]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost|Read this Signpost in full]]''' · [[w:en:Wikipedia:Signpost/Single|Single-page]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Signpost|Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] 00:16, 1 December 2025 (UTC) <!-- Sent via script ([[w:en:User:JPxG/SPS]]) --></div> <!-- Message sent by User:Bri@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Signpost&oldid=29700455 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-49 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Halachic state]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The term "'''halachic state'''" (Hebrew: מְדִינַת הֲלָכָה‎ Medīnat Hălāḵā) refers to a sovereign state that endorses Judaism in an official capacity and governs by Jewish religious law. It has been a subject of discussion among Orthodox Jews, particularly with regard to modern Israel, which, although a Jewish state, is not classified as a theocracy. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 08:01, 1 December 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29719355 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #708 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2025-12-01. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#707]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * A Project Chat discussion ([[d:Wikidata:Project_chat#default_for_all_languages_(mul)|here]]) on mul / fallback language for Labels, Descriptions and Aliases has continued on [[d:Help_talk:Default_values_for_labels_and_aliases#In_the_long_run,_we_should_have_separate_mul_properties_for_different_scripts|Help Talk: Default values for labels and aliases]] ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: ** Mark your calendars *** [https://vsa-aas.ch/event/workshop-die-schweizer-archivlandschaft-wikidata-und-interaktive-karte/ Workshop: The Swiss archival landscape – Wikidata and interactive map]<br>February 2 & April 20 (German) / June 2 (French), 2026. Workshops are on-site and online, registration mandatory (closes January 20). *** [https://g0v.hackmd.io/@jothon/20251207 Citizen Technology Community Gathering and Taiwan Translation Launch of Linked Open Data Documents] December 7 Time: 13:30-16:50 UTC+8 at {{Q|707524}} Xi Project *** OpenStreetMap X Wikidata Meetup #83 December 8 Time: 19:30-21:00 UTC+8 at [[d:Q61752245| Mozilla Community Space Taipei (Q61752245)]]. ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs: ** [[DiffBlog:2025/11/27/new-tools-new-contributors-new-energy-wikidata-13-celebration-in-the-philippines|Wikidata 13th celebration in the Philippines]] ** [[DiffBlog:2025/11/26/wikidata-13th-birthday-taiwan-special-event-recap-part-3|Wikidata 13th Birthday: Taiwan special event recap (part 3)]] ** [[wmbe:Newsletter/2025-11/en#WikidataCon_2025:_a_conversation_with_organizer_Danny_Benjafield|WikidataCon 2025: A conversation with Danny Benjafield]] ** [[DiffBlog:2025/11/28/wikidata-13th-birthday-celebration-in-the-igbo-wikimedians-user-group/|Wikidata 13th Birthday Celebration in the Igbo Wikimedians User Group]] ** [[DiffBlog:2025/11/28/africa-wiki-women-celebrates-wikidatas-13th-birthday/|Africa Wiki Women Celebrates Wikidata’s 13th Birthday]] * Papers: [https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-4108/paper3.pdf Benchmarking SPARQL Engines on Wikidata Queries] - Four open-source SPARQL engines were benchmarked on Wikidata, with QLever fastest, Blazegraph slower, and all showing SPARQL standard deviations. By Peter F. Patel-Schneider (2025). * Videos: ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7Hda2mRjJ3Q Records in Contexts (RiC) Wikibase Working Session] - Regine Heberlein of the (SAA) Description Section Steering Committee hosts a workshop on Wikibase implementation of the Records in Context Conceptual Model (RiC-CM). ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mHXIZBfft7A Wikidata Live Editing: Stolpersteine and the Holocaust victims they commemorate] - Follow along as WMDE's Lukas Werkmeister expands Items of Berlin Stoelpersteine. ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1S4ujNG8w5M Wikidata in library catalogues: Introduction to the Primo VE linked data feature] - by Dr Thneed ''' Tool of the week ''' * [https://www.prixlitteraires.fr Prix Littéraires] lists French-speaking literary prizes and their recipients, also computing [https://www.prixlitteraires.fr/graph/Q3113738 statistics] (see also [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject French-speaking literary prizes|WikiProject]]) ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * Nov 27: The Wikibase Community User Group met for a Wikibase Live Session and to discuss the Federated Values demonstration. ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * Newest External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P13961|Federal Taxpayer Registry ID]], [[:d:Property:P13962|WDSF athlete ID]], [[:d:Property:P13963|TikTok numeric user ID]], [[:d:Property:P13964|USGS Publication ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/concurring opinion by|concurring opinion by]] (<nowiki>judicial opinion agreed to by less than half of the members of a court agreeing with the majority's final decision but providing different or additional reasons</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/audio version of text|audio version of text]] (<nowiki>The audio version of a text (e.g. book). Not the audio version of the Wikipedia article about the text (e.g. book).</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Hong Kong fire alarm level|Hong Kong fire alarm level]] (<nowiki>Hong Kong fire alarm levels classification system</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/overnight stays|overnight stays]] (<nowiki>number of tourists that stay overnight at a place</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/specimen determiner|specimen determiner]] (<nowiki>person who assigned the identification to a specimen</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/collection date|collection date]] (<nowiki>the date-time or interval during which a specimen or object was collected in the field</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/position holder name string|position holder name string]] (<nowiki>name of person holding a position</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Crowdfunding target|Crowdfunding target]] (<nowiki>target goal of this Crowdfunding campaign</nowiki>) ***[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/image sensor format|image sensor format]] (<nowiki>shape and size of a digital camera's image sensor</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/random page URL|random page URL]] (<nowiki>link to random page on website</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/translates from|translates from]] (<nowiki>language(s) that this person, company or organization translates works texts from</nowiki>) * New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Twitter broadcast ID|Twitter broadcast ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Petal Maps Place ID|Petal Maps Place ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/MJ character glyph name|MJ character glyph name]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Mastercaller player ID|Mastercaller player ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/dartn.de player ID|dartn.de player ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/darts1.de player ID|darts1.de player ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/pdpa.co.uk player ID|pdpa.co.uk player ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Antiquitatum Thesaurus ID|Antiquitatum Thesaurus ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Theaterencyclopedie-identificatiecode|Theaterencyclopedie-identificatiecode]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Buy Me a Coffee username|Buy Me a Coffee username]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/GoFundMe ID|GoFundMe ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Identifiant Maitron d'une biographie (nouvelle version)|Identifiant Maitron d'une biographie (nouvelle version)]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Michaelis Portuguese-English properties|Michaelis Portuguese-English properties]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/U.S. Copyright Office Public Records System name slug|U.S. Copyright Office Public Records System name slug]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/FCC ID Database company ID|FCC ID Database company ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: [https://w.wiki/GMoW Objects bearing the handwriting of Moses Maimonides] [[d:User:MartinPoulter/queries/genizah|(Source)]] * Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]]: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Uzbekistan|Uzbekistan]], [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Natural_History_Specimen_Data_Model|Natural History Specimen Data Model]] * Newest [[d:Wikidata:Database reports|database reports]]: [[d:Wikidata:Database_reports/Popular_items_without_claims|Popular Items without Claims]] - these are the most-connected or linked Items that do not have any Statements. * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: [[d:Q7414|The Walt Disney Company (Q7414)]] - American multinational mass media company * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase Lexemes]]: [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase Lexemes]]: [[d:Lexeme:L103836|девочка (L103836)]] - Russian noun (dʲɪˈvot͡ɕkə) meaning "female child", "affectionate address to a woman", or "female organism" ''' Development ''' * Mobile editing of statements: ** We have added editing support for more data types (entity IDs, geographical shapes and tabular data). ** It is now available as a beta feature on test.wikidata.org. You can enable it [https://test.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures here]. * Wikidata integration in Wikipedia and co: We are rolling out improvements to the Databox Lua module to a number of Wikipedias to make it easier to have out-of-the-box Wikidata-powered infoboxes * Ontology federation: We are making progress with making it possible to use Wikidata Item's as statement values in other Wikibase instances * GraphQL: We are continuing the work on the prototype, focusing on getting data from a batch of Items * Wikidata Query Service: The Wikidata Platform team is working on benchmarking of different replacement options for Blazegraph, the software powering the Wikidata Query Service [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Govdirectory/Togo|Togo]] * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] . [[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] ·[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 15:57, 1 December 2025 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=29714910 --> == Tech News: 2025-49 == <section begin="technews-2025-W49"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/49|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The Wikipedia Year in Review 2025 will be available on December 2 for users of iOS and Android Wikipedia apps, featuring new personalized insights, updated reading highlights, and refreshed designs. Learn more on the review's [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Wikipedia Year in Review/Updates|project page]]. * The Growth team is working on improving the text and presentation of the Verification Email sent to new users to make them more welcoming, useful and informative. Some new text have been drafted for A/B testing and you can help by translating them. See [[phab:T396155|Phabricator]]. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]] will now be deployed at Japanese, Urdu and Chinese Wikipedias on December 2. Add a link is based on a prediction model that suggests links to be added to articles. While this feature has already been available on most Wikipedias, the prediction model could not support certain languages. A new model has now been developed to handle these languages, and it will be gradually rolled out to other Wikipedias over time. If you would like to know more, please contact [[mw:user:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:34}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:34|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where search boxes on some Commons pages showed no results due to switch from SpecialSearch to MediaSearch, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T399476] * Two new wikis have been created: ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q36846|Toki Pona]] ([[w:tok:|<code>w:tok:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T404457] ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikiquote}} in [[d:Q33655|Nigerian Pidgin]] ([[q:pcm:|<code>q:pcm:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T408318] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.5|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * The Wikimedia Foundation is in the early stages of exploring approaches to '''Article guidance'''. The initiative aims to identify interventions that could help new editors easily understand and apply existing Wikipedia practices and policies when creating an article. The project is in the exploration and early experimental design phase. All community members are encouraged to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|learn more]] about the project, and share their thoughts on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Article guidance|the talk page]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/49|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W49"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 18:54, 1 December 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29732328 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-50 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:ru:Сто лошадей]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:en:One Hundred Horses]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:A_Hundred_Steeds.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''''One Hundred Horses''''' (Chinese: 百駿圖) is a Qing dynasty silk and ink painting by Giuseppe Castiglione. It was painted in 1728 for the Yongzheng emperor. The painting depicts a hundred horses in a variety of poses and activities, combining Western realism with traditional Chinese composition and brushwork. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 02:29, 8 December 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29719355 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #709 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2025-12-08. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#708]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * New requests for permissions/Bot: ** [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Bot/Well,_Well,_Bot!|Well, Well, Bot!]] - Task/s: Database imports, maintenance. ** [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Bot/RijksBot|RijksBot]] - Task/s: Adding [[Property:P13234|Rijksmuseum IDs]] (P13234) to Wikidata items based on a CSV mapping of [[Q43649390|QIDs]] to [[Q25861166|Rijksmuseum]] [[Q61694|URIs]]. ** [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Bot/CostamiriBot|CostamiriBot]] - Task/s: [[Q718|Chess]] related tasks such as monthly updates to the [[Q105955|elo]] [[Q105955|rating]] of [[Q10873124|chess players]]. * New draft: [[Wikidata:External identifiers/Obsolescence]] (opinions are welcome in its talk page) ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: ** [https://us06web.zoom.us/meeting/register/dikm7CrXSZ27EuPJA3r56w#/registration How to view #25N with Wikidata?] - a community hour with Wikimedia Chile, 21:00 UTC+1 ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1765224000 Time zone converter]) ** [https://luma.com/7fs5v7os Fact-Checking with Wikidata Workshop] - January 20, 2026, 16:30 ~ 18:00 UTC+1 ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1768930200 Time zone converter]) - WMDE's Philippe Saadé will show hands-on methods using the Wikidata MCP to retrieve, filter and classify Wikidata statements with semantic search, reranker LLM and NLI models, registration required. ** (Portuguese) [https://pt.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ponto_de_Encontro_Wikimedia/II Meeting Point Editatona II - Warm your hands modeling festival on Wikidata]: December 10, 2025, 15:00 - 19:00 UTC+1, Porto, Portugal. ** Next Linked Data for Libraries [[Wikidata:WikiProject LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group|LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group]] session 9 December, 2025: We have our next LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group Session on Tuesday, 9 December, 2025 at 9am PT/ 12pm ET/ 17:00 UTC / 6pm CET ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1765299600 Time zone converter]). WikiProject Personal Pronouns members will lead three implementation sessions to improve the data modeling and ethics of personal pronoun representation in Wikidata based on newly-established best practices and Wikidata policy by remediating legacy statements with participants. No previous Wikidata experience is needed to participate. Sessions will be held on October 14, November 25, and December 9, 2025 at our regular time of 9am PT/ 12pm ET/ 17:00 UTC / 6pm CET. Event page: [[Wikidata:WikiProject LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group/Project Series/PersonalPronouns|https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:WikiProject_LD4_Wikidata_Affinity_Group/Project_Series/PersonalPronouns]] * Past Events: [https://www.sas.ac.uk/digital-humanities-research-hub/events/documenting-epigraphic-data-wikidata-ontology-practice Digital Humanities Hub: Documenting epigraphic data, Wikidata ontology practice] - December 2 & 3, 2025, both 14:00 ~ 15:30 UTC. ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs: [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/12/03/celebrating-wikidatas-13th-birthday-in-lafia-a-day-of-learning-community-and-open-knowledge-🎉/ Wikidata 13th Birthday Celebration in Lafia] * Papers: ** [https://arxiv.org/pdf/2512.00590 Wikontic: Constructing Wikidata-Aligned, Ontology-Aware Knowledge Graphs with Large Language Models] - Chepurova ''et al''., (2025) ** [https://openhumanitiesdata.metajnl.com/articles/10.5334/johd.399 Victims of Posterity. Identifying Gaps on 19th-Century French Art History with Wikidata] - first paper in the [https://openhumanitiesdata.metajnl.com/collections/wikidata_across_the_humanities ''Wikidata Across the Humanities: Datasets, Methodologies, Reuse''] collection by the Journal of Open Humanities Data. Authored by Claire Dupin de Beyssat. * Videos: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6T6_l2aEKXM GB Claude Code AI Agent: Fully Autonomous Wikidata Query & Visualization (Zero Human Intervention)] ** (Taiwanese Mandarin) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2iadJst1IN8 Wikidata Taiwan translation project on "Creating Library Linked Data with Wikibase: Lessons Learned from Project Passage"] (as published by the OCLC) ''' Tool of the week ''' *[https://ranjithsiji.github.io/wikiguessr/ Wikiguessr Game] Is a Wikidata game it guess the location from Image from anywhere around the world by [[User: Ranjithsiji]] ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * Remembering Amos Bairoch, co-contributor to [https://academic.oup.com/nar/article/52/D1/D44/7329473 Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics Semantic Web of data] and consulted often for TiagoLubiana's [[d:User:CellosaurusBot|CellosaurusBot]]. ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> *Newest General datatypes: **[[:d:Property:P13975|‎GBFS feed URL]] (<nowiki>URL of a GBFS feed for the bicycle-sharing system</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P13977|code of conduct URL]] (<nowiki>URL of a resource that contains the Code of Conduct of a project or organization</nowiki>) *Newest External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P13965|BFXC authority ID]], [[:d:Property:P13967|Out tag ID]], [[:d:Property:P13968|GayCities ID]], [[:d:Property:P13969|Fight.ru fighters ID]], [[:d:Property:P13970|Personality Database group ID]], [[:d:Property:P13971|‎Codes for the administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China]], [[:d:Property:P13972|Macanese company ID]], [[:d:Property:P13973|‎MovieID film ID]], [[:d:Property:P13974|Teen Vogue tag ID]], [[:d:Property:P13976|‎CRT Database model ID]], [[:d:Property:P13978|PriceRunner product ID]], [[:d:Property:P13979|BWB number]], [[:d:Property:P13980|Brandenburg School ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> *New General datatypes property proposals to review: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/fragrance gender|fragrance gender]] (<nowiki>category for which a fragrance is marketed</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/perfumer|perfumer]] (<nowiki>person who created a perfume</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Discharge regime|Discharge regime]] (<nowiki>The '''[[:en:Discharge regime|discharge regime]]''' can be Glacial, Nival or Pluvial. It can be a combination of 2 : Nivo-pluvial, Pluvio-nival, Nivo-glacial, etc. Be specific (e.g. pluvial tropical, meridional, etc.). Or be complex</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/minimal pair of|minimal pair of]] (<nowiki>lexeme that differ from this one in only one phonological element</nowiki>) * New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Cookpad Recipe ID|Cookpad Recipe ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Sector.sk game ID|Sector.sk game ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Card Player ID|Card Player ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Fragrantica perfume ID|Fragrantica perfume ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Fragrantica perfume brand ID|Fragrantica perfume brand ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/My Abandonware theme ID|My Abandonware theme ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Identificador Banrep Cultural|Identificador Banrep Cultural]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/izoh.uz word ID|izoh.uz word ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/VGChartz game ID|VGChartz game ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Metacritic video game genre ID|Metacritic video game genre ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Place Names and Places of Nova Scotia ID|Place Names and Places of Nova Scotia ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Taking Stock ID|Taking Stock ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Game Font Library ID|Game Font Library ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Fragrantica perfume notes ID|Fragrantica perfume notes ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/EAGER game ID|EAGER game ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: ** [https://w.wiki/AA7J Birthplace of French Heads of State] ** [https://w.wiki/ACWE Films starring Cary Grant, directed by Howard Hughes, available on YouTube] * WikiProject Highlights: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Turkmenistan|WikiProject Turkmenistan]] * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: [[d:Q16994327|Goosebumps]] - 2015 film directed by Rob Letterman * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase Lexemes]]: [[d:Lexeme:L3958|course (L3958)]] - English noun (kɔːrs) meaning "direction of movement", "program of study", or "part of a meal" ''' Development ''' * Mobile statement editing: ** It's now possible to edit existing references ([[phab:T405236]]) ** We fixed a number of issues such as a problem when adding the first statements to an item ([[phab:T409069]]) ** We started work on showing constraint violation indicators ([[phab:T400676]]) ** We're working on showing errors in the edit form ([[phab:T408928]]) ** We're improving the edit summaries ([[phab:T411247]]) * Wikidata integration in the Wikimedia projects: We continued working on improvements to the Databox Lua module and template * GraphQL: We continued working on the first version of GraphQL support [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Govdirectory/Togo|Togo]] * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] . [[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] ·[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 15:42, 8 December 2025 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=29714910 --> == Tech News: 2025-50 == <section begin="technews-2025-W50"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/50|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Anybody who wishes to secure their user account can now use [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Two-factor authentication|two-factor authentication]] (2FA). This is available to all registered users of all Wikimedia projects. This is part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security|Account Security]] initiative. Later, 2FA will be required for all users who can take security- or privacy-sensitive actions. '''Updates for editors''' * Following last week's deployments, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]] feature, which allows editors to add suggested links during editing, will be available to an additional [[Phab:T410469|33 Wikipedias]] starting on 9 December. This expansion is possible thanks to the new prediction model that now supports all languages, including those that were previously not covered. While the feature has been available on most Wikipedias for some time, this rollout brings us closer to using the improved model everywhere. If you have any questions or would like more details please contact [[mw:user:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]]. * Last week, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Search Platform|Search Platform team]] added [[w:en:Transliteration|transliterated]] as-you-type search suggestions to Georgian wikis. If there are only a few regular search suggestions, then queries in Latin or Cyrillic script [[phab:T127003|are now rewritten into Georgian script]] to look for more matches. For example, searching for either <bdi lang="ka-Latn" dir="ltr">''bedniereba''</bdi> or <bdi lang="ka-Cyrl" dir="ltr">''бедниереба''</bdi> will now suggest the existing article about <bdi lang="ka" dir="ltr">ბედნიერება</bdi> ("happiness"). You can recommend other languages where transliterated suggestions would be useful [[phab:T375215|on Phabricator]] for future development. * Later this week, a controlled experiment will begin for editors on the 100 largest Wikipedias who are editing a section in the mobile web visual editor. 50% of these editors will notice a new "Edit full page" button that will enable them to expand their editing session to the whole page. This feature is intended to make it easier for people on mobile web to edit any article section, regardless of which section-edit icon they tapped to begin. The experiment will last ~4 weeks. You can find [[phab:T409112|more details]] about the project. * Later this week, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth|Reader Growth team]] will launch a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/WE3.1.14 Expanded Mobile Sections|mobile web experiment]] to expand all article sections by default (currently they are collapsed by default) and pin the section header the user is currently reading to the top of the page. The experiment will affect 10% of users on Arabic, Chinese, French, Indonesian, and Vietnamese Wikipedias. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T409485] * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Wikipedia Year in Review/2025 Year in Review|Wikipedia Year in Review 2025]], a feature in the Wikipedia mobile apps (iOS and Android) that provides users with a personalised summary of their engagement with Wikipedia over the year, is now available on the iOS and Android apps. This edition includes expanded personalised insights, improved reading highlights, new donor messaging, and updated designs. Open the app to view your Year in Review and explore your reading journey from 2025. * A recent software bug caused edits made with VisualEditor to make unintended changes to wikitext, including removing whitespace and replacing spaces with underscores in wikilinks inside citations. This was partially fixed last week, and further fixes are in progress. Editors who used VisualEditor between November 28 and December 2 should review their edits for unexpected modifications. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411238] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the incorrect handling of URLs copied from the address bar of Microsoft Edge users, has been resolved. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T341281] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Starting this week, users of the "{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}" [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta feature]] will have [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] as the editor for Lua, JavaScript, CSS, JSON and Vue content models, instead of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]]. With this, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Linting|linters]] will be upgraded. This is part of a larger effort to eventually replace CodeEditor and provide a consistent code editing experience. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373711] * Developers are encouraged to take the [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/552643 2025 Developer Satisfaction Survey], which remains open until 5 January 2026. If you build software for the Wikimedia ecosystem and would like to share your experiences or feedback, your participation is greatly appreciated. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/W4WBKO6Q55UWWCCSFWQATKEXBEHP3QNR/] * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/50|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W50"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 17:41, 8 December 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29738112 --> == ''This Month in GLAM'': November 2025 == {| style="width:100%;" | valign="top" align="center" style="border:1px gray solid; padding:1em;" | {| align="center" |- | style="text-align: center;" | [[File:This Month in GLAM logo 2018.png|350px|center|link=outreach:GLAM/Newsletter]]<br /> <hr /> <div style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; text-align:center;">[[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/November 2025|<span style="color:darkslategray;">This Month in GLAM – Volume XV, Issue XI, November 2025</span>]]</div> <hr /><br /> |- style="text-align: center;" | <span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman;"> '''<u>Headlines</u>'''</span> |- style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; text-align:center;" | <div style="text-align:left; column-count:2; column-width:28em; vertical-align:top;"> * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/November 2025/Contents/Belgium report|Belgium report]]: Call for volunteers, Computer's Day and upcoming events * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/November 2025/Contents/Czech Republic report|Czech Republic report]]: Czech Radio and Wikimedia CZ launched cooperation * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/November 2025/Contents/Indonesia report|Indonesia report]]: Our Activities in November * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/November 2025/Contents/Italy report|Italy report]]: Wrap up of the 2025 GLAM call * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/November 2025/Contents/New Zealand report|New Zealand report]]: ASBS 2025 Conference, a NZBSI Wikimedian in Residence update & Auckland Museum Summer Students * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/November 2025/Contents/Macedonia report|North Macedonia report]]: Wikimedia MKD and Cultural Institutions: A Year of Growth, Content, and Collaboration * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/November 2025/Contents/Poland report|Poland report]]: GLAM Wiki 2025 conference, WiR Meeting and the First National Institute of Museums Training on GLAM–Wiki * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/November 2025/Contents/Switzerland report|Switzerland report]]: IT Wikicon, Faces and Masks, Matrimoine @ Genève * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/November 2025/Contents/UK report|UK report]]: Awards season- again! * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/November 2025/Contents/USA report|USA report]]: November edit-a-thons & meetings * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/November 2025/Contents/Biodiversity Heritage Library report|Biodiversity Heritage Library report]]: Updates on work by BHLWiki Working Group members * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/November 2025/Contents/Content Partnerships Hub report|Content Partnerships Hub report]]: Here to Help: The Next Stage of the Content Partnerships Hub * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/November 2025/Contents/Memory of the World report|Memory of the World report]]: Enriching the data set * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/November 2025/Contents/Events|Calendar]]: December's GLAM events </div> |- | style="font-family:Times New Roman; text-align:center; font-size:85%;" | [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter|Read this edition in full]] &bull; [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/November 2025/Single|Single-page]] |- | valign="top" colspan="2" style="padding:0.5em; font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:center; font-size:85%;" | To assist with preparing the newsletter, please visit the [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/Newsroom|newsroom]]. Past editions may be viewed [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/Archives|here]]. |- |} |} <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:GLAM/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in GLAM'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/GLAM|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · [[:m:User:Romaine|Romaine]] 04:21, 11 December 2025 (UTC)</div> <!-- Message sent by User:Romaine@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/GLAM&oldid=29692345 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-51 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:First Universal Races Congress]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:fr:Premier Congrès universel des races]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Universal Races Congress seated outside the entrance to the Imperial Institute, London, 1911.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The '''First Universal Races Congress''' met in 1911 for four days at the University of London as an early effort at anti-racism. Speakers from a number of countries discussed race relations and how to improve them. The congress, with 2,100 attendees, was organised by prominent humanists of that era. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 01:56, 15 December 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29779168 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #710 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2025-12-15. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#709]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * [[d:Wikidata talk:Requests for comment/Mass-editing policy|The mass editing policy Request for Comments]] has a number of open questions looking for votes and comments to shape the mass-editing policy. ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: * A [[:d:Wikidata:Scholia/Events/2025 12|Scholia hackathon]] is ongoing this week, focused on completing the transition of Scholia to [[:d:WD:QLever|QLever]] as the SPARQL backend for its Wikidata queries. * [[:meta:Wikimedia Indonesia/Pekan Data dan Teknologi 2025|Data and Technology Week 2025]] from 19th of December 2025 to 22 of December 2025, organized by {{Q|13098516}}. Consisted of a Wikidata Workshop, a Wikifunction Introductory Seminar and [[Wikidata:WikiProject Indonesia/Kegiatan/Datathon|Geodatathon]]. This event is in Indonesian. ** (English) [[d:Event:2025_SEA_Games_Datathon|WM Malaysia / 2025 SEA Games Datathon]] - 20.12.2025, 1200 ~ 1400 UTC. [[d:Special:RegisterForEvent/2677|Register]] to contribute to items about athletes competing in [[d:Q25041680|South East Asian Games 2025 ]]<small> ([[d:Q25041680|Q25041680]])</small> ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs: (French) [https://www.facebook.com/reel/2155010721972790/ Facebook post: ArkéoTopia]: Comité des Travaux Historiques et Scientifiques (CTHS) to begin integrating Wikidata * Papers: ** [https://openhumanitiesdata.metajnl.com/articles/10.5334/johd.438 Open Data Practices of Art Museums in Wikidata: A Compliance Assessment] - second paper of the [https://openhumanitiesdata.metajnl.com/collections/wikidata_across_the_humanities ''Wikidata Across the Humanities: Datasets, Methodologies, Reuse''] collection. By Dişli et al., (2025). ** [https://ital.corejournals.org/index.php/ital/article/view/17384 VIAF Governance Concerns about the Refurbished VIAF Web and API Interfaces] by Stefano Bargioni (2025): a detailed account of the technical and governance issues experienced by [[:d:Q54919|VIAF]] in 2025 and its impact on its many external reusers, including Wikidata * Videos: ** (Italian) [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=k3VZpTDOJTQ Wikidata and Wikibase for research]: Camillo Pellizzari gives an overview of Wikidata, the data model, potential as scientific research subject and tool, then a Wikibase intro and its uses beyond Wikidata, with example instance: [https://hypotheseis.wikibase.cloud/ Hypotheseis]; slides [[:commons:File:Wikidata e Wikibase per la ricerca (Seminario di cultura digitale).pdf|on Commons]] ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TM4SJeJhcvg Feminist Structured data: A Conversation with Art+Feminism and Whose Knowledge?]: How feminist values can reshape structured data on Wikidata to address gaps, representation, and opportunities for collaboration across communities. ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TwxdyWHEhpw Community Hours: Art+Feminism community in Armenia]: Former regional A+F ambassador, Arminé Aghayan-Flisch, tells us of her experiences growing the A+F Armenian community through GLAM, Wikidata and Wikipedia. ** (Spanish) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M1sD0G2Obfw PADEP 2025: Using Wikidata in Sociocultural Research]: Dr. Luis Álvarez Azcárraga teaches the course: ''Using Wikidata in Sociocultural Research: Open Databases for Social, Artistic, and Cultural Studies'' ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k3hM9hc2tyM See something, change something Webinar]: @[https://www.youtube.com/?si=1fp2tMPLBvkNmrPJ 58:10], a presentation on the Wikidata agent plug-in for ArchivesSpace is given. ** [[c:File:Wikibase_Live_Session_November_2025_-_Federated_Values_Demo.webm|Wikibase Live Session / November 27]]: First demo presented of federation of values from Wikidata to Wikibases. ''' Tool of the week ''' * [https://broomstick.toolforge.org/ Broomstick] - Broomstick is a tool to uncover Lexemes that can be improved on Wikidata. ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * Congratulations to [https://www.govdirectory.org Govdirectory], the [https://www.fsf.org/news/2024-free-software-awards-winners winner of the FSF's Award for Projects of Social Benefit]. * [[d:Wikidata:Tools/WikibaseJS-cli|wikibase-cli]] got [https://github.com/maxlath/wikibase-cli/blob/main/docs/write_operations.md#add-claim-unless-it-already-exists|improved support for claim reconciliation]. This is typically useful to add a claim unless it already exists. * [[m:Grants:Programs/Wikimedia Research & Technology Fund/Wikimedia Research Fund|The Wikimedia Research Fund]] is open for funding applications for research projects around the Wikimedia Projects, including Wikidata. ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * Newest General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P13986|has grammatical number]] (<nowiki>grammatical number used in this language</nowiki>) * Newest External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P13982|‎NLI Newspaper Collection ID]], [[:d:Property:P13983|Cabinet minutes of the German Government ID]], [[:d:Property:P13984|neodb.social ID]], [[:d:Property:P13985|Flemish Community Masterpieces List item ID]], [[:d:Property:P13987|Medicin.dk medical condition ID]], [[:d:Property:P13988|‎Mapillary username]], [[:d:Property:P13989|‎Sector.sk game ID]], [[:d:Property:P13990|‎My Abandonware theme ID]], [[:d:Property:P13991|‎Encyclopedia of Shinto ID]], [[:d:Property:P13992|‎Blu-Ray.com film ID]], [[:d:Property:P13993|‎Japanese Law Translation ID]], [[:d:Property:P13994|‎Brussels Inventory of Architectural Heritage streets ID]], [[:d:Property:P13995|‎Brussels Inventory of Architectural Heritage buildings ID]], [[:d:Property:P13996|Getty Collections Archival Component ID]], [[:d:Property:P13997|CRA program account number]], [[:d:Property:P13998|FC Barcelona player ID]], [[:d:Property:P13999|Qalamos person ID]], [[:d:Property:P14000|‎KISTI conference ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/survivalhorrors.com ID|survivalhorrors.com ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Diccionari de la llengua catalana entry ID|Diccionari de la llengua catalana entry ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/GamesIndustry.biz game ID|GamesIndustry.biz game ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/WhatsOnStage Stage Names ID|WhatsOnStage Stage Names ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Adventure Game Hotspot game ID|Adventure Game Hotspot game ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/identifiant Netflix titre|identifiant Netflix titre]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/4gamer.net game ID|4gamer.net game ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Fragrantica perfumer ID|Fragrantica perfumer ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/PC Guru game ID|PC Guru game ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/British Newspaper Archive publication ID|British Newspaper Archive publication ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/GOG tag ID|GOG tag ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Open Food Facts brand ID|Open Food Facts brand ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Games for Change directory ID|Games for Change directory ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: ** [https://w.wiki/GbVa All ports in Wikidata, sorted by the total number of statements] ** [https://w.wiki/Ghiv Queer and LGBT Literature that have won Literary Awards] ([[d:Wikidata:Request_a_query#Improving_a_query|source]]) ** [https://w.wiki/GiaY Bubble chart with numbers shown in the bubbles: Memory of the World inscriptions from Arab states] * Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]]: ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_P244_maintenance|WikiProject P244 maintenance]] - For coordination and improvement of Library of Congress Name Authority File (LCNAP) via [[d:Property:P244|Library of Congress authority ID]] ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Museum_of_Glass|WikiProject Museum of Glass]] <small>([[d:Q2894440|Q2894440]])</small> - improving the visibility of visiting artists to the [[d:Q7896574|University of Washington Information School]] * WikiProject Highlights: Egezort's efforts in [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Ontology/Mereology_Task_Force/Effort_0001:_Removing_or_migrating_part_of_statements_in_recipe_relationships|Mereology: removing/migrating part of statements in Recipe relationships]] * Newest [[d:Wikidata:Database reports|database reports]]: [[d:Wikidata:Database_reports/Unauthorized_bots|34 Bots operating without a Bot flag]] * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: [[d:Q1426707|Fort George (Q1426707)]] - 18th-century fortress built in the Scottish Highlands in the aftermath of the Jacobite Rising of 1745 * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase Lexemes]]: [[d:Lexeme:L31222|mesa (L31222)]] - Spanish noun (ˈme.sa) meaning "table (furniture)", "mesa (flat-topped hill)", or "served table for dining" ''' Development ''' * Edit summaries: We made changes that will improve the automatic edit summaries of edits made using the wbeditentity API endpoint. Tools that use this endpoint to edit statements will, in some cases, now have more accurate edit summaries; this also affects how such edits are summarized in [[d:Wikidata:Edit groups|edit groups]]. ([[phab:T411247]]) * Wikidata integration in the Wikimedia projects: We are collecting feedback from the first wikis who got the new and improved Databox module. * Mobile statement editing: ** We are making remaining changes for the first roll-out as a beta-feature. ** We are working on showing constraint violations. ([[phab:T411602]], [[phab:T400676]]) * GraphQL: We are working on making it possible to query for Items by Property/value pair ([[phab:T403576]]) * REST API: We are improving error messages for requests that failed due to an IP block ([[phab:T404727]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Govdirectory/Germany|Germany]] * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] . [[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] ·[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 15:32, 15 December 2025 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=29770611 --> == Tech News: 2025-51 == <section begin="technews-2025-W51"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/51|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:18}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:18|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, one of the fixes addressed an issue for temporary accounts adding an external URL, which triggered an hCaptcha request in more cases than intended, and did not display the required popup on the first attempt to publish the edit. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411927] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * To improve database and site performance, external links to Wikimedia projects will no longer be stored in the database. This means they will not be searchable in [[{{#special:LinkSearch}}]], will not be checked by the Spam Blacklist or AbuseFilter as new links, and will not be in the <code dir=ltr>externallinks</code> table on database replicas. In the future this may be extended to other highly-linked trusted websites on a per-wiki basis, such as Creative Commons links on Wikimedia Commons. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T405005] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.7|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/51|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W51"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 18:59, 15 December 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29796010 --> == Request for Wp/kai logo review == Hello sir @[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]], we completed the settings in the request page for [[Wp/kai]] here ([https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Requests_for_new_languages/Wikipedia_Karai-Karai Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Karai-Karai]) and we need your help to review the logo we uploaded and confirm whether it is okay or needs some improvements. Help us please if there is any other thing missing on the page or any required settings we might have missed. Thank you in advance for your help. [[User:De-Invincible|De-Invincible]] ([[User talk:De-Invincible|talk]]) 19:38, 15 December 2025 (UTC) == This Month in Education: December 2025 == <div class="plainlinks" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 14 • Issue 12 • December 2025</span> <div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/December 2025|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/December 2025/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div> <div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div> <div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;"> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/WikiLatih Wiktionary with the Goethe-Institut: Strengthening the Digital Presence of Indonesia’s Local Languages|WikiLatih Wiktionary with the Goethe-Institut: Strengthening the Digital Presence of Indonesia’s Local Languages]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/Wiki in schools - Architecture and Open Heritage|Wiki in schools - Architecture and Open Heritage]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/What are the challenges and opportunities in scientific dissemination? Reflecting on the topic in the Brazilian context|What are the challenges and opportunities in scientific dissemination? Reflecting on the topic in the Brazilian context]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/WikipediaxAI: Wikipedia, AI, and the future of knowledge|WikipediaxAI: Wikipedia, AI, and the future of knowledge]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/Wikipedia at University Another year of working alongside higher education institutions in Argentina|Wikipedia at University Another year of working alongside higher education institutions in Argentina]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/WAM - Tulu Edit-a-thon & Workshop in St Aloysius University |WAM - Tulu Edit-a-thon & Workshop in St Aloysius University]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/Visibilizando memórias negras: estudantes da UFRGS ampliam a Wikipédia com foco na imprensa e no associativismo pós-abolição|Visibilizando memórias negras: estudantes da UFRGS ampliam a Wikipédia com foco na imprensa e no associativismo pós-abolição]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/Transforming Education Through Wikimedia in Kosovo: 2025|Transforming Education Through Wikimedia in Kosovo: 2025]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/New WikiClubs and educational partnership in Albania|New WikiClubs and educational partnership in Albania]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/New WikiClub with the Dibra Youth Center in Albania|New WikiClub with the Dibra Youth Center in Albania]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/Landmark Educational Initiatives and Wikimedia Programs Transform Learning in 2025|Landmark Educational Initiatives and Wikimedia Programs Transform Learning in 2025]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/Knowledge in the Digital Age: A WMUK Collaborative Workshop|Knowledge in the Digital Age: A WMUK Collaborative Workshop]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 14:22, 17 December 2025 (UTC)</div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&oldid=29814101 --> == ''The Signpost'': 17 December 2025 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[File:WikipediaSignpostIcon.svg|40px|right]] ''News, reports and features from the English Wikipedia's newspaper''</div> <div style="column-count:2;"> * Interview: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-12-17/Interview|Part 1: Bernadette Meehan]] * News and notes: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-12-17/News and notes|We're gonna have a party!]] * In the media: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-12-17/In the media|The "bigg" bosses: Robertsky and the Pope]] * Traffic report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-12-17/Traffic report|Death and stranger things]] * Gallery: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-12-17/Gallery|A feast of holidays and carols]] * Obituary: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-12-17/Obituary|Michal Lewi (Iwelam) and Alan R. King (A R King)]] * Concept: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-12-17/Concept|List of xxtreme sports (redirected from Electrojousting)]] * Comix: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2025-12-17/Comix|display: flex-inline;]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost|Read this Signpost in full]]''' · [[w:en:Wikipedia:Signpost/Single|Single-page]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Signpost|Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] 20:05, 17 December 2025 (UTC) <!-- Sent via script ([[w:en:User:JPxG/SPS]]) --></div> <!-- Message sent by User:JPxG@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Signpost&oldid=29700455 --> == A barnstar for you! == {| style="background-color: #fdffe7; border: 1px solid #fceb92;" |rowspan="2" style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 5px;" | [[File:Original Barnstar Hires.png|100px]] |style="font-size: x-large; padding: 3px 3px 0 3px; height: 1.5em;" | '''The Original Barnstar''' |- |style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 3px;" | Hey! I just wanted to give you this barnstar as a token of appreciation for your help around here, especially when it comes to updating [[Incubator:Featured wikis]]. Keep up the good work! [[User:Jon Harald Søby|Jon Harald Søby]] ([[User talk:Jon Harald Søby|talk]]) 21:44, 19 December 2025 (UTC) |} == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2025-52 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2025 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Pin Malakul]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Pin Malakul, January 1922.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Pin Malakul''' (24 October 1903 – 5 October 1995) was a Thai professor, educator and writer. His contributions to education in Thailand include the establishment of various institutions of higher education, the introduction of fixed class schedules, and the implementation of teacher-training programmes. In his career he served as Director-General of the Department of General Education, later becoming Permanent Secretary, and Minister, of Education. He was also a member of the executive board of UNESCO. His writings earned him the title of National Artist in 1987, and the 100th anniversary of his birth was celebrated by the UNESCO in 2003 as recognition of his contribution to the advancement of education in Thailand and Southeast Asia. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> -[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 02:26, 22 December 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29802495 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #711 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2025-12-22. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#710]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * Open request for adminship: [[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Administrator/Vitaly Zdanevich|Vitaly Zdanevich]] * New requests for permissions/Bot: [[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Bot/Title markup bot|Title markup bot]] - Task(s): There is a variety of HTML markup found in , violating various constraints on the property. The following task description is for a bot that can start the required cleanup process. I would like to request permission to implement the functionality outlined here as a first iteration, on the understanding that it will be extended and refined to cover more cases. It will operate within the limitation that it will only modify values, add qualifiers and update labels to keep them in-line with altered titles. ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Videos: ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=g-8yjmnEBUs Wikidata 13th Anniversary in the Tyap Wikimedians User Group] ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=PifGSfnVGtw Remapping the Down Survey] - By OSM for History Buffs ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=DxEux41PqC0 Open Data DEx Demo #1 - This week's topic: Astronomy in WikiData!] ''' Tool of the week ''' * [https://wikidata-timetrail.toolforge.org Timetrail] - is a website that visualizes the movement of Wikidata items over time by mapping their associated events and locations. ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * Wikimedia Deutschland jobs: ** [https://wikimedia-deutschland.career.softgarden.de/jobs/61646562/Director-of-Engineering-all-genders-/ Director of Engineering] (all genders) ** [https://wikimedia-deutschland.career.softgarden.de/jobs/60133850/Senior-Data-Analyst-all-genders-/ Senior Data Analyst] (all genders) ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * Newest General datatypes: **[[:d:Property:P14005|Japanese court rank]] (<nowiki>Japanese court rank of a person or a shrine</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14006|‎value of this mathematical characteristic]] (<nowiki>non-numeric value of this characteristic applied to this mathematical object</nowiki>) * Newest External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P14001|Taking Stock ID]], [[:d:Property:P14002|Antiquitatum Thesaurus ID]], [[:d:Property:P14003|The Advocate tag ID]], [[:d:Property:P14004|‎Game Font Library ID]], [[:d:Property:P14007|IMI person ID]], [[:d:Property:P14008|‎Metacritic video game genre ID]], [[:d:Property:P14009|Banrep Cultural ID]], [[:d:Property:P14013|FCC ID Database company slug]], [[:d:Property:P14016|EDBO institution code]], [[:d:Property:P14017|‎GamesIndustry.biz game ID]], [[:d:Property:P14018|‎PC Guru game ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/common organism|common organism]] (<nowiki>organisms known by a common name of a biological taxon</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/part|part]] (<nowiki>exact number denoting the part of a creative work or edition</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/heir apparent|heir apparent]] (<nowiki>person designated to take on royal position after death of subject</nowiki>) * New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Parfumo perfume ID|Parfumo perfume ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Parfumo perfumer ID|Parfumo perfumer ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Parfumo perfumes ID|Parfumo perfumes ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Parfumo fragrance notes ID|Parfumo fragrance notes ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BoomerShooterDB game ID|BoomerShooterDB game ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/identifiant Rappels d'une production théâtrale|identifiant Rappels d'une production théâtrale]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Parfinity notes ID|Parfinity notes ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Vandal game ID|Vandal game ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Google Ads Transparency Center advertiser ID|Google Ads Transparency Center advertiser ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/GBIF ID|GBIF ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/MetroidvaniaDB game ID|MetroidvaniaDB game ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Games.cz game ID|Games.cz game ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Basenotes perfume brand ID|Basenotes perfume brand ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Basenotes perfume people ID|Basenotes perfume people ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Basenotes perfume ID|Basenotes perfume ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CICAP Encyclopedia ID|CICAP Encyclopedia ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Zelda Wiki ID|Zelda Wiki ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Yaba Sanshiro ID|Yaba Sanshiro ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/identificador Biblioteca Nacional de Colombia|identificador Biblioteca Nacional de Colombia]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Finnish railway station code|Finnish railway station code]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Fight-A-Base game ID|Fight-A-Base game ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Sketchfab model ID|Sketchfab model ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Sketchfab channel ID|Sketchfab channel ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Sketchfab user ID|Sketchfab user ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/DVIDS Video ID|DVIDS Video ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/DeVuego game ID|DeVuego game ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: ** [https://w.wiki/4N9 Number of riots per country] ([https://twitter.com/mrlogix/status/1131050728594632706 source]) ** [https://w.wiki/4NB Country having the most female politicians] ([https://twitter.com/abiatus/status/1130963180199579649 source]) * WikiProject Highlights: Niryhpr's efforts in organising the page [[d:User:Niryhpr/WikiProject_Ports|User:Niryhpr/WikiProject_Ports]] (part of [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Indonesia/Kegiatan/Datathon|WikiProject Indonesia/Geodatathon]]) ** * Newest [[d:Wikidata:Database reports|database reports]]: [[d:User:Mr. Ibrahem/Language statistics for items|Language statistics for Items]] * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: [[d:Q309333|Mansa Musa]] - 14th-century ruler of the Mali Empire * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase Lexemes]]: [[d:Lexeme:L689064|ਮਰਨ (L689064)]] - Punjabi verb (mərəɳ) meaning "to die (cease living)", "to wither or spoil", or "to give up (lose hope/energy)" ''' Development ''' * Mobile statement editing: ** We added an indicator showing which Properties are not yet supported when creating new statements in mobile editing ([[phab:T412719|T412719]]) ** We continued working on showing constraint violations on mobile ([[phab:T411602|T411602]], [[phab:T411608|T411608]]) ** We are working on musical notation statements on mobile ([[phab:T407247|T407247]]) ** We are improving error handling for incorrectly filled and unfilled fields in mobile editing ([[phab:T408928|T408928]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] . [[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] ·[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 16:37, 22 December 2025 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=29806064 --> == Tech News: 2025-52 == <section begin="technews-2025-W52"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/52|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * From January, edit filters [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter/Access flags|can be set]] to automatically suppress their details such as rules and list of attempted edits and actions. This will help oversighters use edit filters to prevent doxxing or other suppressible material. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T290324] * The next issue of Tech News will be sent out on 12 January 2026 because of the end of year holidays. Thank you to all of the translators, and people who submitted content or feedback, this year. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:16}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:16|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the crash that occurred when tapping "First Steps" in the Wikipedia Android Year in Review has now been fixed, and the feature opens as expected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411546] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Interface elements such as diffs and categories generated by MediaWiki used to have the attribute <code dir=ltr>data-mw="interface"</code> to distinguish from wiki content. The attribute has been replaced with <code dir=ltr>data-mw-interface=""</code>, to avoid potential conflicts with other <code dir=ltr>data-mw</code> attributes, which are generated by Parsoid. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T409187] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] There is no new MediaWiki version this week or next week. '''Meetings and events''' * The [[mw:Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026|Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026]] will take place on 13-14 March 2026 in Arnhem, the Netherlands. Applications just opened mid-December and will close in mid-January or earlier if capacity is reached. With space for approximately 100 participants, early application is encouraged. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/52|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2025-W52"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 21:42, 22 December 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29831856 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-01 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:The Morning of the Magicians]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Le Matin des magiciens, couverture.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''''The Morning of the Magicians: Introduction to Fantastic Realism''''' (French: Le Matin des magiciens: Introduction au réalisme fantastique) is a 1960 book by the journalists Louis Pauwels and Jacques Bergier. It covers topics like cryptohistory, ufology, occultism in Nazism, alchemy, spiritual philosophy. The second half of the book is entirely dedicated to the Nazi-Occult connections; the book is widely credited with the proliferation of numerous myths related to occultism in Nazism. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 02:20, 29 December 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29802495 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #712 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2025-12-29. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#711]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * Open request for adminship: [[Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Administrator/Ppolar bear|Ppolar bear]] - RfP scheduled to end after 3 January 2026 13:40 (UTC) **[[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Bot/QubeCubeBot|QubeCubeBot]] - Task/s: Continue import of [[Q272930|Swedish Parliament]] documents inline with the modeling work in [[Wikidata:WikiProject Sweden/Swedish Riksdag documents]]. **[[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Bot/AinaliBot 3|AinaliBot 3]] - Task/s: Continue import of [[Q272930|Swedish Parliament]] documents inline with the modeling work in [[Wikidata:WikiProject Sweden/Swedish Riksdag documents]]. ''' Events ''' * This month's [[d:Wikidata:Scholia/Events/2025 12|Scholia hackathon]] has moved Scholia closer to its planned switch to a QLever backend. Beta testers can assist by exploring the [https://qlever.scholia.wiki/ interim QLever-backed Scholia instance] and [https://github.com/WDscholia/scholia/issues reporting any issues]. * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: ** [https://www.swat4ls.org/workshops/amsterdam-2026/call-for-papers/ SWAT4HCLS 2026]. Amsterdam, March 23-26, with a "Wikidata in healthcare and life sciences" session and [https://www.swat4ls.org/workshops/amsterdam-2026/programme/keynotes/ Prof. Hannah Bast] as one of the keynotes ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Videos: ** (Indonesian) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gl27YhKEjV0 Introduction to Wikifunctions] presented by [[:m:User:NikolasKHF|NikolasKHF]] (Niko). In this session, Niko introduced Wikifunctions project, how to edit a function, how to add an implementation and test, and demonstrated them. This is the first Wikifunctions training in Indonesian. Slides are available on [[:c:File:(Datatek) WikiLatih Wikifungsi 2025.pdf|Commons]]. ** (Indonesian) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=emWKbM_-V08 Wikidata for Academician] presented by Wikimedia Indonesia's Data and Technology team. They introduced Wikimedia Indonesia, and then explained Wikidata, its underlying concepts and a glance to its history, how to add statements and references, how to query with Wikidata Query Services, Wikidata and its potential in research fields, Wikiprojects and Wikidata:For development resources. Slides are available on [[:c:File:(Datatek) WikiLatih Wikidata untuk Wikimedian dan Akademisi 2025.pdf|Commons]]. ''' Tool of the week ''' * [https://github.com/altilunium/wd-nearbyitems WD-NearbyItems] : browse Wikidata Items nearby * [https://quizicledaily.com Quizicle] is a daily quiz/puzzle game that's not really a quiz and not really a puzzle. Deduce the answer from crossword-style clues with hot/cold feedback. ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * Newest General datatypes: **[[:d:Property:P14025|random page URL]] (<nowiki>link to random page or item on website</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14026|specimen classifier]] (<nowiki>person who assigned the identification to a specimen</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14027|collection date]] (<nowiki>date-time or interval during which a specimen or object was collected in the field</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14028|land degradation]] (<nowiki>amount of land that is degraded by an object, mainly for infrastructure projects</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14029|Hong Kong fire alarm level]] (<nowiki>Hong Kong fire alarm levels classification system</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14035|page offset]] (<nowiki>difference between external page number printed on the work (P304) and the actual page in digital file (P7668)</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14039|logical implication]] (<nowiki>axiom or conjecture that this axiom or conjecture implies</nowiki>) * Newest External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P14019|‎survivalhorrors.com ID]], [[:d:Property:P14020|‎VGChartz ID]], [[:d:Property:P14021|‎Adventure Game Hotspot game ID]], [[:d:Property:P14022|‎BoomerShooterDB game ID]], [[:d:Property:P14023|‎Vandal game ID]], [[:d:Property:P14024|GoFundMe fundraising ID]], [[:d:Property:P14030|Adult Film Database director ID]], [[:d:Property:P14031|S1 No.1 Style actress ID]], [[:d:Property:P14032|‎MetroidvaniaDB game ID]], [[:d:Property:P14033|EAGER game ID]], [[:d:Property:P14034|EAGER developer ID]], [[:d:Property:P14036|‎Games.cz game ID]], [[:d:Property:P14037|‎4gamer.net game ID]], [[:d:Property:P14038|‎GOG tag ID]], [[:d:Property:P14040|‎Yaba Sanshiro ID]], [[:d:Property:P14041|‎Games for Change directory ID]], [[:d:Property:P14042|DLSite work ID]], [[:d:Property:P14043|‎DLSite person ID]], [[:d:Property:P14044|‎DLSite doujin circle ID]], [[:d:Property:P14045|‎Fight-A-Base game ID]], [[:d:Property:P14046|‎DeVuego game ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Erdős Problem number|Erdős Problem number]] (<nowiki>Erdős Problem number</nowiki>) * New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/PixelatedArcade genre ID|PixelatedArcade genre ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BRAHMS identifier|BRAHMS identifier]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/LegiStorm person ID|LegiStorm person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Game Boy Database game ID|Game Boy Database game ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/NHK Archives Program ID|NHK Archives Program ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Wendingen object ID|Wendingen object ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Wendingen person ID|Wendingen person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/RetroCollect games ID|RetroCollect games ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/FIP.IT basketball player ID|FIP.IT basketball player ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Lenta.ru person ID|Lenta.ru person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Polski Petersburg encyclopedia ID (Polish version).|Polski Petersburg encyclopedia ID (Polish version).]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Télérama film ID.|Télérama film ID.]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Bercail ID|Bercail ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Panoramax picture ID|Panoramax picture ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/InterSportStats athlete ID|InterSportStats athlete ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Before I Play game ID|Before I Play game ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase Lexemes]]: [[d:Lexeme:L3568|turn (L3568)]] - English verb (tɜːrn) meaning "to rotate", "to change direction", or "to transform" ''' Development ''' * No development happened in the past week as the team are on holidays. Happy new year everyone! [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Govdirectory/Czech Republic|Czech Republic]] * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] . [[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] ·[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 16:12, 29 December 2025 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=29858034 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-02 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Somaliland War of Independence]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Somaliland, fighters of the Somali National Movement (SNM), 1980s.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The '''Somaliland War of Independence''' was a rebellion waged by the Somali National Movement (SNM) against the ruling military junta in Somalia led by General Siad Barre lasting from its founding on 6 April 1981 and ended on 18 May 1991 when the SNM declared what was then northern Somalia independent as the Republic of Somaliland. The conflict served as the main theater of the larger Somali Rebellion that started in 1978. The conflict was in response to the harsh policies enacted by the Barre regime against the main clan family in Somaliland, the Isaaq, including a declaration of economic warfare on the clan-family. These harsh policies were put into effect shortly after the conclusion of the disastrous Ogaden War in 1978. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 03:00, 5 January 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29871911 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #713 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2026-01-05. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#712]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * Open request for adminship: [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Administrator/Morneo06|Morne06]] - RfP scheduled to end after 8 January 2026 20:35 (UTC) * Closed request for adminship: [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Administrator/Ppolar_bear|Ppolar bear]] - general consensus is to reapply after gaining more experience. * New request for comments: [[d:Wikidata:Requests for comment/Notability policy reform|Notability policy reform]]: first drafted in 2013, Wikidata has grown vastly since the original Notability policy was created. This first-round discussion is intended to collect ideas, comments, and reflections on how to improve the Notability Policy for what Wikidata currently is and will become. ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: ** OpenStreetMap X Wikidata Meetup #84 January 12 Time: 19:30-21:00 UTC+8 at [[d:Q61752245| Mozilla Community Space Taipei (Q61752245)]]. ** [[mw:Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026|Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026]]: a two-day event that will take place from 13 to 14 March 2026 in Arnhem, the Netherlands. [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdYOnOg1iq-8M4xWw8foHUw_7fReWTKtVH_GHzGI2_ozWww9Q/viewform?pli=1 Apply] for a grant and join the event. ** The next [[d:Wikidata:Events#Office_hours|Wikidata+Wikibase office hours]] will take place on Wednesday, [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1768410000 18:00 CEST], 14th January 2026 in the [https://t.me/joinchat/IeCRo0j5Uag1qR4Tk8Ftsg Wikidata Telegram group]. The Wikidata and Wikibase office hours are online events where the development team presents what they have been working on over the past quarter, and the community is welcome to ask questions and discuss important issues related to the development of Wikidata and Wikibase. ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs: ** [https://doi.org/10.59350/6t2qh-2f839 Rescuing Scholia #2: getting closer] ** [https://almedaresearch.org/about-almeda/ African Literary Metadata (ALMEDA)] ** [https://www.emergentmind.com/topics/wikontic-framework Wikontic: Ontology-Aware KG Pipeline] - this article introduces Wikontic, a pipeline that builds knowledge graphs from text by enforcing Wikidata's ontological rules and merging duplicate entities. * Papers: ** [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/399200580_Using_Wikidata's_Ontology_in_Practice_A_Neuro-Symbolic_Community-Centred_Workflow_for_Integrating_and_Reusing_Humanities_Datasets Using Wikidata’s Ontology in Practice: A Neuro-Symbolic, Community-Centred Workflow for Integrating and Reusing Humanities Datasets] - This article introduces an ontology-first, community-driven workflow that aligns humanities datasets with Wikidata to address data silos and gender inequities, offering reusable modelling patterns, SPARQL-based analysis, and a neuro-symbolic AI framework that reduces bias and supports reproducible, ontology-backed knowledge graph practices. By Velilla & Ferran-Ferrer (2025). ** [https://www.scirp.org/journal/paperinformation?paperid=148575 A Semantic Wiki for Language Learning: The Case of the Baoulé Language] - The BAOULE-WIKI project introduces a semantic wiki and homograph-detection model to preserve and teach the endangered Baoulé language, achieving high accuracy while paving the way for broader digital preservation of African languages through community collaboration and integration with knowledge bases like Wikidata and DBpedia. By Kra et al., (2026). ** [https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/full/10.1086/738255 Transforming the Digital Landscape: Towards a Medieval Knowledge Graph] - Digitization has transformed medieval studies by expanding access and enabling new research methods, with future progress hinging on Linked Open Data, shareable identifiers, and collaborative knowledge graphs to truly democratize and enrich scholarship. By Burrows, (2026). ** [https://openhumanitiesdata.metajnl.com/articles/10.5334/johd.426 Towards a Linked Open Index: Reconciling Museum Records to Wikidata for Index of American Design Constituents] - The Index of American Design project’s reconciliation of thousands of records with Wikidata reveals both challenges and strategies for improving data alignment, while a linked Power BI tool supports ongoing monitoring of quality, access, and representation in humanities research. By Foster et al., (2026). ** [https://openhumanitiesdata.metajnl.com/articles/10.5334/johd.441 The “Dizionario Degli Scrittori Italiani Contemporanei Pseudonimi” in Wikidata. Pseudonymous Authors in Wikidata: Dataset and Queries] - The dataset from the MA thesis structures biographical data on 19th–20th century pseudonymous Italian authors in Wikidata, including corpus items, SPARQL queries, and analysis documents, and is reusable for further research or case studies. By De Monaco, (2025). ''' Tool of the week ''' * [https://broomstick.toolforge.org/ Broomstick] is a tool by Wikicollabs it uncover Lexemes that can be improved on Wikidata. * Explore your Wikimedia activity year in review with [https://affandymurad.github.io/wiki/ Wiki Year in Review] * Wikilokal (Android version): explore the world within a 3 km radius by [[User:Affandy Murad|Affandy Murad]] ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * New project: [https://iupac.org/project/2025-016-3-400/ Dissemination of polymer science through Wikipedia and Wikidata] ({{Q|33438}}) * ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * Newest General datatypes: **[[:d:Property:P14047|crowdfunding target]] (<nowiki>target goal of this crowdfunding campaign</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14052|free height]] (<nowiki>vertical distance from the floor level to the lowest obstruction in the ceiling of an indoor or outdoor space</nowiki>) * Newest External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P14048|‎PixelatedArcade genre ID]], [[:d:Property:P14049|‎Game Boy Database game ID]], [[:d:Property:P14050|‎RetroCollect games ID]], [[:d:Property:P14051|MyWaifuList work ID]], [[:d:Property:P14053|Nonbinary Wiki ID]], [[:d:Property:P14054|Diccionari de la llengua catalana entry ID]], [[:d:Property:P14055|DVIDS video ID]], [[:d:Property:P14056|FIP.IT basketball player ID]], [[:d:Property:P14057|Card Player ID]], [[:d:Property:P14058|Télérama film ID]], [[:d:Property:P14059|Boosty author ID]], [[:d:Property:P14060|‎Before I Play game ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Fungal Names taxon ID|Fungal Names taxon ID]] (<nowiki>ID number in the [[:w:Fungal Names]] database.</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Braille transcription|Braille transcription]] (<nowiki>transcription in Braille</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Braille represents|Braille represents]] (<nowiki>graphene or phone that the Braille cell represents</nowiki>) * New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CNVD-ID|CNVD-ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Trismegistos editor ID|Trismegistos editor ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/woordenlijst lemma ID|woordenlijst lemma ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/European Vehicle Number|European Vehicle Number]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CourtListener person ID|CourtListener person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Norwegian railway station code|Norwegian railway station code]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Australian National Kennel Council ID|Australian National Kennel Council ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Museo del Marchio Italiano ID|Museo del Marchio Italiano ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Schema examples: [[d:EntitySchema:E498|(E498) district electoral division]]: Schema to describe an electoral division (small political division of Ireland). * Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]]: ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_IrishForges|Project IrishForges]]: Describing forges and forge buildings of Ireland using Wikidata, Wikimedia and other sources. ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Ireland|Project Ireland]]: A hub for all Ireland-related Wikidata activities including cross-Wikiproject tasks. ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_HistoricIrishPlacenames|Project Historic Irish Placenames]]: focusing on County Kilkenny, connect historic placenames with their modern counterparts or create new items for ''"lost places"''. ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Sweden/Svenska_psalmodikon|Svenska psalmodikon]]: A sub-project for the [[d:Q3354977|psalmodikon <small>(Q3354977)</small>]], a stringed-instrument popular in Sweden. * WikiProject Highlights: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Limits_of_Wikidata/WikiProjects_as_decentralized_governance|WikiPojects as decentralized governance]] - this sub-page of the [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Limits_of_Wikidata|Limits of Wikidata project]] proposes WikiProjects become caretakers of collections or subgraphs of relevant items. * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: [[d:Q717|Venezuela (Q717)]] - country in South America * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase Lexemes]]: [[d:Lexeme:L155644|размах (L155644)]] - Russian noun (rɐzˈmax) meaning "amplitude (of a swing)", "physical span or width", or "scale/scope (of an activity)" ''' Development ''' * No development happened in the past week as the team are just returning from the holidays. [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] . [[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] ·[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 15:21, 5 January 2026 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=29884794 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-03 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:it:Pietro Lauro]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:en:Pietro Lauro]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Master I.A.V.F., Pietro Lauro, born 1508, Modenese Poet and Scholar (obverse), 1555, NGA 45072.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Pietro Lauro''', conosciuto anche come Pietro Lauro Modonese o Pietro Lauro da Modona (Modena o dintorni, 1510 circa – Venezia, 1568 circa) è stato un traduttore, scrittore e divulgatore scientifico italiano. Nonostante non si conosca gran parte della sua biografia, fu uno dei poligrafi italiani più conosciuti del Cinquecento. La sua produzione raccoglie traduzioni dal latino, dal greco e dallo spagnolo e riguardano opere di autori classici, stranieri e protestanti. Lauro si dimostrò abile nel trattare testi con temi molto diversi, come la filosofia, l'architettura, la medicina, il giardinaggio, l'agronomia, le scienze biologiche, la storia, la teologia e l'astronomia. Si cimentò anche nella scrittura di un poema cavalleresco sullo stile di quelli spagnoli, il Polendo, sua magnum opus in questo senso. Aderente alla Riforma protestante, sebbene le sue trasposizioni siano state oggetto di critiche già degli autori a lui contemporanei, che le giudicarono troppo letterali, rozze e imparziali, a Lauro si deve il merito di aver ultimato la traduzione in lingua volgare di numerosi testi sia classici, sia scientifici, sia epistolari. I suoi lavori ebbero una notevole diffusione, non solo tra i letterati veneziani della sua epoca, ma in tutta Italia, tanto che alcune sue traduzioni vengono ancora oggi ristampate in nuove edizioni. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 01:45, 12 January 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29894468 --> == ''This Month in GLAM'': December 2025 == {| style="width:100%;" | valign="top" align="center" style="border:1px gray solid; padding:1em;" | {| align="center" |- | style="text-align: center;" | [[File:This Month in GLAM logo 2018.png|350px|center|link=outreach:GLAM/Newsletter]]<br /> <hr /> <div style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; text-align:center;">[[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/December 2025|<span style="color:darkslategray;">This Month in GLAM – Volume XV, Issue XII, December 2025</span>]]</div> <hr /><br /> |- style="text-align: center;" | <span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman;"> '''<u>Headlines</u>'''</span> |- style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; text-align:center;" | <div style="text-align:left; column-count:2; column-width:28em; vertical-align:top;"> * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/December 2025/Contents/From the team|From the team]]: Global GLAM Calls Continue in 2026 * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/December 2025/Contents/Albania report|Albania report]]: Wikimedian in Residence, 2025, in Elbasan Albania * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/December 2025/Contents/Argentina report|Argentina report]]: Resume of the year * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/December 2025/Contents/Australia report|Australia report]]: AMaGA partnership, signing the Open Heritage Statement and South Australian Museum Partner Project * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/December 2025/Contents/Belgium report|Belgium report]]: Public Domain Day 2026, Circus Heritage and Fosdem * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/December 2025/Contents/Colombia report|Colombia report]]: Preparándonos para celebrar el día del dominio público - Getting ready for the Public Domain Day celebration * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/December 2025/Contents/Italy report|Italy report]]: Exploring Italy and Unlocking Its Heritage: Touring Club Italiano and GLAM Call 2026–2028 * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/December 2025/Contents/New Zealand report|New Zealand report]]: ASBS 2025 Conference follow-up Wiki webinar & Auckland Museum student update * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/December 2025/Contents/Poland report|Poland report]]: Public Domain, Conferences, and Conversations on Open Culture * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/December 2025/Contents/Switzerland report|Switzerland report]]: GLAM on Tour Bellinzona, Xmas Event, GLAM Wiki Group * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/December 2025/Contents/UK report|UK report]]: 2025 in review * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/December 2025/Contents/USA report|USA report]]: December meetings * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/December 2025/Contents/Public Domain Day report|Public Domain Day report]]: Public Domain Day 2026 * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/December 2025/Contents/Biodiversity Heritage Library report|Biodiversity Heritage Library report]]: Updates on work by BHLWiki Working Group members * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/December 2025/Contents/Memory of the World report|Memory of the World report]]: 2025 in review * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/December 2025/Contents/Events|Calendar]]: January's GLAM events </div> |- | style="font-family:Times New Roman; text-align:center; font-size:85%;" | [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter|Read this edition in full]] &bull; [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/December 2025/Single|Single-page]] |- | valign="top" colspan="2" style="padding:0.5em; font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:center; font-size:85%;" | To assist with preparing the newsletter, please visit the [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/Newsroom|newsroom]]. Past editions may be viewed [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/Archives|here]]. |- |} |} <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:GLAM/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in GLAM'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/GLAM|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · [[:m:User:Romaine|Romaine]] 12:58, 12 January 2026 (UTC)</div> <!-- Message sent by User:Romaine@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/GLAM&oldid=29895284 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #714 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2026-01-12. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#713]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * New requests for permissions/Bot: [[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Bot/AmeisenBot 3|AmeisenBot 3]] - '''Task/s:''' Adding descriptions (and possibly labels and aliases as well) to items based on their statements. * New CheckUser requests: [[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/CheckUser/Saroj|Saroj]] (RfP scheduled to end at 25 January 2026 09:31 UTC) ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: ** The next [[d:Wikidata:Events#Office_hours|Wikidata+Wikibase office hours]] will take place on Wednesday, [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1768410000 18:00 CEST], 14th January 2026 in the [https://t.me/joinchat/IeCRo0j5Uag1qR4Tk8Ftsg Wikidata Telegram group]. The Wikidata and Wikibase office hours are online events where the development team presents what they have been working on over the past quarter, and the community is welcome to ask questions and discuss important issues related to the development of Wikidata and Wikibase. ** [[MW:Wikidata_Platform|WMF Wikidata Platform team]] is launching a new office hours series starting [[:Event:Blazegraph_Migration_Office_Hours_-_January_2026|'''January 27th''']], 2026 and continuing on the first Tuesday of each month. The scope of this series is be limited to [[:Wikidata:SPARQL_query_service/WDQS_backend_update|Blazegraph migration]] support for the entirety of 2026. Participants are encouraged to register in advance for each session and may optionally add a brief description of their migration-related questions to [https://etherpad.wikimedia.org/p/Blazegraph_Migration_Office_Hours the shared Etherpad] to help guide preparation. ''See [[:Wikidata:Blazegraph_Migration_Office_Hours|Blazegraph Migration office hour page]] for more details'' ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs: [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/01/05/wikidata-at-13-fante-wikimedians-joins-the-celebration/ Wikidata at 13: Fante Wikimedians Joins the Celebration] * Papers: [https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781003584155-3/structuring-sights-stories-pausanias-wikidata-john-brady-kiesling-anna-foka-kyriaki-konstantinidou-linda-talatas-elton-barker Structuring the Sights and Stories of Pausanias with Wikidata] - The Digital Periegesis project leverages Wikidata and linked open data tools to annotate, disambiguate, and connect Pausanias’s complex 2nd‑century text, enhancing accessibility, interoperability, and scholarly engagement with Greece’s historical and mythological landscape. By Kiesling et al., (2025) * Videos: (Papiamento) [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=PukvB8Viw_0 Wikipedia on Aruba | Episode 8: How to add a new topic (item) to Wikidata] ''' Tool of the week ''' *[https://knowledgetrain.toolforge.org/ Knowledge Train] A game to create a train of knowledge with the power of Wikidata - User:Athulvis ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikidata@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/MAKNPEWKTYJAJTIIDM6MWU3YMA5KHSXB/ Mobile statement editing is now available as a beta feature on Wikidata]. Enable the Beta feature in your preferences settings, head to [[d:Q4115189|Wikidata Sandbox (Q4115189)]] (in mobile view) to test it and share your feedback here: [[d:Wikidata talk:Usability and usefulness/Item editing experience/Mobile editing of statements|Mobile editing of statements]]. * The [[MW:Wikidata_Platform|WMF Wikidata Platform team]] has published its [[:Wikidata:Wikidata_Platform_team/Newsletter|January 2026 newsletter]]. It includes updates on the legacy full-graph endpoint decommissioning, the User-Agent policy change, the monthly Blazegraph migration office hours, and efforts to reduce regressions caused by the legacy endpoint shutdown. To have new issues of the WDP '''monthly''' newsletter delivered to your user talk page, {{#tag:span| [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/WDP team updates|Subscribe to WDP newsletter!]] | style=background-color:#E7F527; border-radius:3px; font-size:90%; font-weight:bold;}} ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * Newest General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P14067|common organism]] (<nowiki>organisms known by this common name</nowiki>) * Newest External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P14059|Boosty author ID]], [[:d:Property:P14060|‎Before I Play game ID]], [[:d:Property:P14061|‎Korea Heritage Service Heritage Portal ID]], [[:d:Property:P14062|‎KaraokeTexty.cz artist ID]], [[:d:Property:P14063|‎KaraokeTexty.cz song ID]], [[:d:Property:P14064|‎Showlabs ID]], [[:d:Property:P14065|DEUMM Online ID]], [[:d:Property:P14066|Slekt og Data cemetery ID]], [[:d:Property:P14068|Biblioteca Nacional de Colombia ID]], [[:d:Property:P14069|EZB library ID]], [[:d:Property:P14070|topic of Dictionary of Canadian biography identifier]], [[:d:Property:P14071|Cover Art Archive image]], [[:d:Property:P14072|‎X broadcast ID]], [[:d:Property:P14073|Theaterencyclopedie ID]], [[:d:Property:P14074|Maitron biography ID (new version)]], [[:d:Property:P14075|‎Scilit organization ID]], [[:d:Property:P14076|Fragrantica perfume ID]], [[:d:Property:P14077|Fragrantica perfume brand ID]], [[:d:Property:P14078|izoh.uz word ID]], [[:d:Property:P14079|‎Place Names and Places of Nova Scotia ID]], [[:d:Property:P14080|Fragrantica perfume notes ID]], [[:d:Property:P14081|Fragrantica perfumer ID]], [[:d:Property:P14082|Parfumo perfume brand ID]], [[:d:Property:P14083|Parfumo perfumer ID]], [[:d:Property:P14084|Parfumo perfume ID]], [[:d:Property:P14085|Parfumo fragrance notes ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Artistagraph ID|Artistagraph ID]] (<nowiki>Identifies the Artistagraph for an artistIdentifier for creative works on Artistagraph, a platform for documenting and discovering artist information and creative work connections</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/number of tunnel tubes|number of tunnel tubes]] (<nowiki>Number of parallel tubes in a tunnel.</nowiki>) * New External identifier property proposals to review:: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Mapillary sequence ID|Mapillary sequence ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/People's Graphic Design Archive creator ID|People's Graphic Design Archive creator ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Uni24k indentifier|Uni24k indentifier]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Brussels BeStAddress municipality ID|Brussels BeStAddress municipality ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Brussels BeStAddress street name ID|Brussels BeStAddress street name ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Brussels BeStAddress address ID|Brussels BeStAddress address ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Wikifunctions object|Wikifunctions object]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/MAX username|MAX username]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei ID|Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/The Retro Web company ID|The Retro Web company ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Schulnummer Berlin|Schulnummer Berlin]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/KCI article ID|KCI article ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: **[https://w.wiki/HKna Timeline of coup d'états] **[https://w.wiki/HMYd All towns named Versailles] * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: [[d:Q487338|mojito]] - traditional Cuban highball cocktail ''' Development ''' * Mobile editing of statements: We have released the first version of mobile statement editing as a beta feature (see details above). In addition we are improving it further and are adding missing functionality to get it ready for a full release. This includes adding editing support for additional data types such as date and musical notation. * Blazegraph replacement: The Wikidata platform team is continuing their evaluation of alternative backends for the Wikidata Query Service. * Graph QL: We are continuing to work on the prototype to get it ready for wider testing and are waiting on a security review. * Dumps: We fixed an issue where the "latest" symlinks to data dumps weren't working correctly. * Wikidata integration in the Wikimedia projects: We are investigating how to further reduce the number of unnecessary changes showing up in watchlist and recent changes coming from Wikidata. The work on this is also helping reduce the size of the recent changes database table, which is especially important on larger Wikipedias. In addition we are continuing to improve the Databox module to make it easier for smaller Wikipedias to get Wikidata-powered infoboxes. [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Govdirectory/Kazakhstan|Kazakhstan]] * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] . [[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] ·[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 14:59, 12 January 2026 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=29895747 --> == Tech News: 2026-03 == <section begin="technews-2026-W03"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/03|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The Wikimedia Foundation has shared some guiding questions for the July 2026–June 2027 Annual Plan on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Product & Technology OKRs|Meta]] and ''[[diffblog:2025/12/10/shaping-wikimedia-foundations-2026-2027-annual-goals-key-questions-for-the-wikimedia-movement/|Diff]]''. These focus on global trends, faster and healthier experimentation, better support for newcomers, strengthening editors and advanced users, improving collaboration across projects, and growing and retaining readership. Feedback and ideas are welcome on the [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]]. '''Updates for editors''' * As part of the current work of Community Tech team on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/W372|Multiple watchlists]] project, the display of [[Special:EditWatchlist|EditWatchlist]] will be updated as a first step towards multiple watchlists. Additionally, the pagination on [[Special:Search|Search]] will be updated too, as a part of the work on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/W186|Revamp pagination / page navigation]] wish. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411596] * [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|The Global Watchlist]] is a MediaWiki [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] that lets you see your watchlists from different wikis on the same page. It was recently updated to look more like the regular [[Special:Watchlist|Watchlist]], such as preparing it for temporary accounts in IP masking (including rerouting user links to contributions pages), making page titles bold, and opening links in edit summaries and tags in new browser tabs. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398361][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T298919][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T273526][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T286309] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:28}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:28|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where global blocks did not have the option to disable sending emails, has now been fixed, and will be available for use in the week of January 13. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401293] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Citation tool|VisualEditor citation tool]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Reference Previews|Reference Previews]] now support "map" as a reference type. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411083] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.10|MediaWiki]]/[[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.11|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/03|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W03"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 19:30, 12 January 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29907192 --> == ''The Signpost'': 15 January 2026 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[File:WikipediaSignpostIcon.svg|40px|right]] ''News, reports and features from the English Wikipedia's newspaper''</div> <div style="column-count:2;"> * News and notes: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-01-15/News and notes|Wikipedia's 25th anniversary is here!]] * Special report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-01-15/Special report|Wikipedia at 25: A Wake-Up Call]] * Serendipity: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-01-15/Serendipity|The WMF wants to buy you books!]] * WikiProject report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-01-15/WikiProject report|Time for a health check: the Vital Signs 2026 campaign]] * In the media: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-01-15/In the media|Fake Acting President Trump and a Wikipedia infobox]] * Community view: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-01-15/Community view|The inbox behind Wikipedia]] * Recent research: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-01-15/Recent research|Art museums on Wikidata; comparing three comparisons of Grokipedia and Wikipedia]] * Traffic report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-01-15/Traffic report|Tonight I'm gonna rock you]] * Comix: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-01-15/Comix|Oh come on man.]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost|Read this Signpost in full]]''' · [[w:en:Wikipedia:Signpost/Single|Single-page]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Signpost|Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] 15:18, 15 January 2026 (UTC) <!-- Sent via script ([[w:en:User:JPxG/SPS]]) --></div> <!-- Message sent by User:JPxG@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Signpost&oldid=29899914 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-04 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:it:Volto di Palazzo Vecchio]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Piazza della signoria angolo via della ninna, palazzo vecchio, cantonata con testa scolpita 02.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> Il '''volto di Palazzo Vecchio''' (conosciuto anche come L'importuno o L'inopportuno) è un incisione su pietraforte attibuita a Michelangelo Buonarroti, scolpita in una delle pietre di Palazzo Vecchio a Firenze. Secondo le varie leggende, il profilo sarebbe stato realizzato come graffito dall'artista toscano, con soggetto un suo importunatore, un debitore, un condannato a morte o se stesso. Nel 2020, gli studiosi hanno ipotizzato possa invece trattarsi di un ritratto di Francesco Granacci, pittore amico di Michelangelo. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 02:14, 19 January 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29945240 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #715 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2026-01-19. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#714]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * Closed request for comments: [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_comment/Deprecate_P642|Deprecate P642?]] - Consensus to deprecate was reached. ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: ** [https://www.wikimedia.nz/wikifying-te-tiriti-based-futures/ Wikifying Te Tiriti] 10-workshop series, attendees will learn how to contribute to Wikipedia and create Wikidata items, to increase the visibility of people and their projects working in Te Tiriti and anti-racism areas. Further information can be found on the [[w:WikiProject:_Wikifying_Te_Tiriti-based_Futures|WikiProject page]] / [[w:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Pakoire/WikiProject:_Wikifying_Te_Tiriti-based_Futures#Timetable|Workshop timetable]]. [https://learn-to-wikify-ttbf.lilregie.com/booking/attendees/new Register to attend]. ** [[c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026_in_Uganda|Wiki Loves Folklore 2026 in Uganda]] - contribute to the project by expanding or creating Wikidata Items connected to the project categories, such as Ugandan folklore, food, music, dances, traditional clothing, and more. ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs: ** [https://wikimedia.org.uk/2026/01/new-wikimedian-in-residence-at-lse/ The London School of Economics and Political Science have employed a Wikimedian in Residence] ** Wikimedia Indonesia held [[:m:Wikimedia Indonesia/Pekan Data dan Teknologi 2025|Data and Technology Week 2025]] in last December 2025, organized introductory workshops on Wikidata and Wikifunctions. Read key takeaways and participants' discussion at [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/01/16/introducing-data-and-functions-reflections-from-indonesian-data-and-technology-week-2025/ Diff]. ** [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/01/14/wikidata-days-2025-journey-in-africa-building-knowledge-languages-and-communities/ Wikidata Days 2025 Journey in Africa: Building Knowledge, Languages and Communities] ** [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/01/18/wikidata-botswana-2025-celebrating-13-years-and-we-really-showed-up-%F0%9F%8E%89/ Wikidata Botswana 2025: Celebrating 13 Years (And We Really Showed Up!)] * Papers: ** A new monographic number of [[:d:Q3805294|JLIS.it]] has been published regarding the [[:d:Q105086090|OPAC SBN]] (the biggest collective library catalogue in Italy, with more than 7 thousands of libraries participating; about its collaboration with Wikidata, see [[:d:Wikidata:Gruppo Wikidata per Musei, Archivi e Biblioteche/SBN|the Wikidata coordination page]]); it contains 3 papers focusing on the use of Wikidata for authority control (all in Italian, with abstract in English): *** [[:d:Q137786824|''Wikidata and SBN: An Assessment of Two Years of Work (2023–2025)'']]: an overview Wikidata-SBN of the collaboration in 2023-2025, focusing on the methods of reconciliation *** [[:d:Q137787153|''Wikidata-Enhanced Authority Records: A Project for Personal Names in SBN'']]: a description of the procedure to extract data from Wikidata items matches with SBN authority records and adapt these data to be copied into non-individualised SBN authority records *** [[:d:Q137787159|''NaMo, utility for populating missing date fields in authority records'']]: a description of an utility to keep an authority file up-to-date finding missing death dates through Wikidata ** [https://jlis.fupress.net/index.php/jlis/article/view/677 Wikidata-Enhanced Authority Records: A Project for Personal Names in SBN] - A collaboration between Wikimedia Italy and ICCU is enriching incomplete SBN authority records using Wikidata identifiers, enhancing catalogue accuracy and accessibility as entries continue to grow. By Ravelli, (2026). ''' Tool of the week ''' * [https://puzzles.madebynathan.com/chains Puzzles By Nathan] is a game that arrange words so each connects to the next ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * Mobile editing for RTL languages: The Wikimedia Deutschland team is seeking users of right-to-left (RTL) scripts, including Arabic, Hebrew, Persian, and Urdu, to help test and improve the mobile statement editing experience. If you edit in an RTL language and would like to join user interviews or deeper testing, [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/bo2e7e2a/direct sign up here]. * (French) [https://observablehq.com/@workspace2138/odonymes-femmes Gendered place names in the public space of French-speaking Switzerland] ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * Newest External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P14086|Parfinity notes ID]], [[:d:Property:P14087|‎Google Ads Transparency Center advertiser ID]], [[:d:Property:P14088|Basenotes perfume brand ID]], [[:d:Property:P14089|Basenotes perfume people ID]], [[:d:Property:P14090|Basenotes perfume ID]], [[:d:Property:P14091|Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei ID]], [[:d:Property:P14092|MAX username]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/location collected|location collected]] (<nowiki>geographic location where a specimen or sample was collected in the field</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Category for music in this language|Category for music in this language]] (<nowiki>link to category item that contains music in this language</nowiki>) * New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Thyssen-Bornemisza work ID|Thyssen-Bornemisza work ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CriticDB IDs|CriticDB IDs]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/MPA certificate number|MPA certificate number]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/WorldFootball.net person ID (new)|WorldFootball.net person ID (new)]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/The Session tune ID|The Session tune ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Parfumo fragrance note ID|Parfumo fragrance note ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: **[https://w.wiki/HVed Timeline of elected germanic Roman emperors] ** [https://w.wiki/HXVa Universities without a P625 (coordinate location)] - [[d:Wikidata:Request_a_query#query_to_show_university_without_coordinate_location|Source]] * Schema examples: [[d:EntitySchema:E24|film director (E24)]] * WikiProject Highlights: ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Rijksmonumenten/Maintenance/Unmerge|Rijksmonumenten Unmerge list]] - list of items with more than one [[d:Property:P359|P359 (Rijksmonumenten ID)]]. ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Stanford_Libraries|Stanford Libraries]] added an event: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Stanford_Libraries/Events/LDW2026|Love Data Week 2026]] * Newest [[d:Wikidata:Database reports|database reports]]: [[d:Special:EntitiesWithoutLabel|Entities without a Label]] - this list is dynamically created, search by language code and entity type: Item or Property. * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: [[d:Q253414|FIFA (Q253414)]] - international governing body of association football * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase Lexemes]]: [[d:Lexeme:L3922|charge (L3922)]] - English verb (tʃɑːrdʒ) meaning "to supply with energy", "to rush forward", or "to have responsibility for" ''' Development ''' * Mobile statement editing: ** We continued work on supporting more datatypes for editing, specifically date, musical notation and monolingual text. ** We worked on displaying constraint violation indicators. ** You can try out the current state by enabling it in the beta features section of your preferences. * Wikidata integration in the other Wikimedia projects: We are continuing to investigate options for further reducing the amount of Wikidata changes in recent changes and watchlist on the other wikis to reduce the size of the database tables. * Dumps: We finished our research on dumps, especially looking into different ways to define subsets. We will publish the report with results by end of February. * Wikidata Query Service: The Wikidata Platform team is continuing the evaluation of potential replacements for Blazegraph. [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] . [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] ·[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 15:25, 19 January 2026 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=29942616 --> == Tech News: 2026-04 == <section begin="technews-2026-W04"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/04|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The tray shown on [[Special:Diff|Special:Diff]] in mobile view has been redesigned. It is now collapsed by default, and incorporates a link to undo the edit being viewed, making it easier for mobile editors and reviewers to take action while keeping the interface uncluttered. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402297] * [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|The Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] continues to improve — it now automatically determines the text direction (ensuring correct display of sites with unusual domain names) and shows detailed descriptions for log actions. Later this week, a new permanent link for page creations and CSS classes for each entry element will be added. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T412505][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T287929][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T262768][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414135] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:32}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:32|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the previously observed issue in Vector 2022, where anchor link targets were obscured by the sticky header, has now been addressed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T406114] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * As mentioned in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/44|October 2025 deprecation announcement]], MediaWiki Interfaces team will begin sunsetting all transform endpoints containing a trailing slash from the MediaWiki REST API the week of January 26. Changes are expected to roll out to all wikis on or before January 30th. All API users currently calling them are encouraged to transition to the non-trailing slash versions. Both endpoint variations can be found, compared, and tested using the [https://test.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RestSandbox REST Sandbox]. If you have questions or encounter any problems, please file a ticket in Phabricator to the [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/view/6931/ #MW-Interfaces-Team board]. * Interactive reference documentation for the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia REST API|Wikimedia REST API]] has moved. Requests to API docs previously hosted through [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/RESTBase|RESTBase]] (e.g.: <code dir=ltr>https://en.wikipedia.org/api/rest_v1/</code>) are now redirected to the [[w:en:Special:RestSandbox|REST Sandbox]]. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata Platform|WMF Wikidata Platform team]] (WDP) has published its [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Wikidata Platform team/Newsletter|January 2026 newsletter]]. It includes updates on the legacy full-graph endpoint decommissioning, the User-Agent policy change, the monthly Blazegraph migration office hours, and efforts to reduce regressions caused by the legacy endpoint shutdown. As a reminder, you can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/WDP team updates|subscribe to the WDP newsletter]]! * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.12|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * The [[mw:Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026|Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026]] will take place on 13-14 March 2026 in Arnhem, the Netherlands. Applications opened mid-December and will close soon or when capacity is reached. It's a two-day, technically oriented hackathon bringing together Wikimedians from the region. Hope to see you there! '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/04|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W04"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 20:26, 19 January 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29943403 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-05 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:it:Raffaello Kobayashi]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:en:Raffaello Kobayashi]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Raffaello Kobayashi''', nato Raffaele Sanzio (Bari, 14 gennaio 1917 – Yokohama, 1 aprile 2011), è stato un militare italiano naturalizzato giapponese. Sommergibilista durante la Seconda guerra mondiale, prestò servizio per tutte e tre le principali Potenze dell'Asse: Regno d'Italia, Germania nazista e Impero giapponese. Alla fine della guerra si nascose in Giappone per evitare di subire l'internamento in un campo di prigionia, divenendo poi cittadino nipponico e cambiando il proprio nome. Prese parte all'affondamento della HMS Calypso nel 1940, primo successo italiano in campo navale nel corso del conflitto mondiale. Con l'abbattimento di un bombardiere statunitense il 22 agosto 1945, otto giorni dopo il discorso di resa del Giappone alle potenze alleate della seconda guerra mondiale, a bordo del Comandante Cappellini, sarebbe stata l'ultima persona in assoluto a mettere fuori combattimento un velivolo degli Alleati nella stessa guerra. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 02:05, 26 January 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29945240 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #716 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2026-01-26. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#715]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: :* Reminder: Blazegraph Migration Office Hours: The [[mw:Wikidata_Platform|WMF Wikidata Platform team]] is kicking off its monthly Blazegraph migeration office hours tomorrow, {{zonestamp|2026-01-27 16:00|27th January, 16:00 UTC}}. These sessions focus exclusively on supporting the migration away from Blazegraph as the backend of the Wikidata Query Service (WDQS). ''[[Event:Blazegraph_Migration_Office_Hours_-_January_2026|See the office hours page for details and future sessions.]]'' :* Art+Feminism online hands-on training session: Intro to Wikidata + Archives. January 29, 15:00 UTC (16:00 CET). [[d:User:Alan_Ang_(WMDE)|Alan Ang (WMDE)]] and [[d:User:Epìdosis]] host this workshop on collective editing and how Wikidata connects with archives. More info and Zoom registration @ [https://artandfeminism.org/edit_a_thon/intro-to-wikidata-archives Art+Feminism.org] :* OpenStreetMap X Wikidata Meetup #85 February 9 Time: 19:30-21:00 UTC+8 at [[d:Q61752245| Mozilla Community Space Taipei (Q61752245)]]. :* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=czndc9Ekzb8 Mapping Africa: Visualizing Knowledge and Communities] - 28.01.2026, 16:00 UTC. Episode #54 of the WikiAfrica Hour explores the power of maps and geospatial data. * General Registration is Open! [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikimedia-l@lists.wikimedia.org/message/OG6M6XHHTMO7G4VVB27C4ZUJDX4VLDLE/ 2026 Wikimedia Hackathon] - May 1-3, 2026 ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs: [https://forum.clarin.eu/t/wikidata-replaces-the-clarin-concept-registry-in-the-component-registry/1205 Wikidata replaces the CLARIN Concept Registry in the Component Registry] * Papers: ** [https://odr.chalmers.se/items/4b2db132-b688-4bb1-a84c-4e614b9f1916 Analysis and Generation of Wikidata Descriptions Focusing on Bangla Language] - A rule-based Grammatical Framework resource grammar for Bangla generates accurate, consistent Wikidata descriptions across diverse entities, achieving over 99% coverage and enhancing low-resource language content in multilingual knowledge bases. By Mohammad, (2025). * Videos: ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=eT_VTTeaig4&pp=0gcJCTMBo7VqN5tD Fact-Checking with Wikidata by Philippe Saadé] - a recording of the workshop hosted by DataTalks.Club in collaboration with [[d:User:Philippe_Saade_(WMDE)|User:Philippe Saadé]] ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=wXaHJ85g88A Wikimedia and Biodiversity Data: A Mutualistic Relationship in the Open Knowledge Ecosystem] ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WHxq0YJU-OM Collaborative Cultural Heritage Geodata], session 2 of SunoikisisDC's ''Digital Approaches to Cultural Heritage''. Discusses how Wikidata is used and contributes data to the field of spatial and geographic technologies. ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pGK0qQ3hRkA Wikimedia projects & smell-related content: WMUK Sandbox Session] - [[d:User:Lajmmoore|User:Lajmmoore]] describes how to add and model sensory experiences such as smell, to Wikidata. ''' Tool of the week ''' * [https://property-helper.toolforge.org/ Wikidata Property Creation Helper] is a tool by [[User:ArthurPSmith|ArthurPSmith]]. The tool takes a property proposal page and translates it into a QuickStatements batch (and then a second one for the examples) that a property creator can use to quickly create a new property. ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * Wikimedia Deutschland 2026 first quarter development plan has been published: [[d:Wikidata:Linked Open Data development plan|Wikidata:Linked Open Data development plan]]. * '''Job opening:''' The Wikimedia Foundation is hiring a Wikidata Platform Backend Migration Specialist (contract position) to support backend migration work on the Wikidata Query Service. This role focuses on technical work related to the migration away from Blazegraph. If you're interested in the role or want to learn more, see the [https://job-boards.greenhouse.io/wikimedia/jobs/7545685 full job description and application details]. ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * Newest General datatypes: **[[:d:Property:P14094|translates from]] (<nowiki>language(s) that this person, company or organization translates works texts from</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14095|translates into]] (<nowiki>language(s) that this person, company or organization translates works and texts into</nowiki>) * Newest External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P14092|MAX username]], [[:d:Property:P14093|CriticDB game ID]], [[:d:Property:P14096|‎Finnish railway station code]], [[:d:Property:P14097|Sketchfab model ID]], [[:d:Property:P14098|Sketchfab channel ID]], [[:d:Property:P14099|Sketchfab user ID]], [[:d:Property:P14100|BRAHMS identifier]], [[:d:Property:P14101|LegiStorm person ID]], [[:d:Property:P14102|NHK Archives program ID]], [[:d:Property:P14103|Polski Petersburg encyclopedia ID (Polish version)]], [[:d:Property:P14104|Bercail ID]], [[:d:Property:P14105|‎InterSportStats athlete ID]], [[:d:Property:P14106|‎Erdős Problem number]], [[:d:Property:P14107|Trismegistos editor ID]], [[:d:Property:P14108|‎woordenlijst lemma ID]], [[:d:Property:P14109|‎European Vehicle Number]], [[:d:Property:P14110|CourtListener person ID]], [[:d:Property:P14111|Australian National Kennel Council ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/incompatible type|incompatible type]] (<nowiki>instances of this type or of its subclasses cannot be instances of that type nor of its subclasses</nowiki>) * New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/KaraokeTexty.cz album ID|KaraokeTexty.cz album ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Biographical encyclopedia of Maros County-ID|Biographical encyclopedia of Maros County-ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ShotOnWhat film ID|ShotOnWhat film ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Biographical Dictionary of British and Irish Architects 1800-1950 ID|Biographical Dictionary of British and Irish Architects 1800-1950 ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CardCow.com publisher ID|CardCow.com publisher ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Stockholms SL Realtidsinformation identificator|Stockholms SL Realtidsinformation identificator]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Lost Pubs Project ID|Lost Pubs Project ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Handball Base ID|Handball Base ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Handballnews.pl person ID|Handballnews.pl person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SFDb förlaga-ID|SFDb förlaga-ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/RITVA company ID|RITVA company ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/RITVA corporate body ID|RITVA corporate body ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/TC Infos network identifier|TC Infos network identifier]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/French Trade Mark Number|French Trade Mark Number]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: [https://w.wiki/Hbge Wikidata Items with a frequency (hertz) within human-hearing range] ([[d:Wikidata:Request_a_query#List_only_items_that_have_a_frequency_in_hertz_and_in_our_hearing_range|source]]) * Schema examples: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Schemas/Tutorial|WikiProject Schemas: A tutorial]] - to create a simple ShEx schema and apply it to a set of Wikidata items. * Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]]: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_No_Longer_at_the_Margins/Hackathon_2026|No Longer at the Margins - 2026 Hackathon]] * WikiProject Highlights: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Bahamas/buildings_in_Nassau|WikiProject Bahamas - list of buildings in Nassau]] * Newest [[d:Wikidata:Database reports|database reports]]: [[d:Special:EntitiesWithoutDescription|Entities missing a description]] - choose a language and entity type (Item or Property) and generate a list of entities that have no description. * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: [[d:Q7296|Mount Kilimanjaro]] - mountain massif in Kilimanjaro National Park in Tanzania * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase Lexemes]]: [[d:Lexeme:L130056|мундштук (L130056)]] - Russian noun (mʊnʂˈtuk) meaning "mouthpiece (of a musical instrument)", "mouthpiece (of a pipe/cigar holder)", or "a horse's bit" ''' Development ''' * Mobile statement editing: ** We started working on supporting editing of monolingual text statements ** We continued working on supporting editing of geocoordinate and quantity statements ** We are fixing display issues with date statements ** We continued work on showing constraint violations * GraphQL: ** The security review was finished, removing a blocker to deploying GraphQL support to Wikidata ** We added pagination to querying items by statement properties or values ** We are extending the labels of linked entities functionality to also let you get the descriptions of the Items linked in a statement * Wikidata integration in the other Wikimedia projects: We are continuing to investigate options for further reducing the amount of Wikidata changes in recent changes and watchlist on the other wikis to reduce the size of the database tables. * Wikidata Query Service: The Wikidata Platform team is continuing the evaluation of potential replacements for Blazegraph. [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus countries: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Govdirectory/Albania|Albania]] and [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Govdirectory/Kosovo|Kosovo]] * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] . [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] · [[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] ·[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 16:28, 26 January 2026 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=29942616 --> == Tech News: 2026-05 == <section begin="technews-2026-W05"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/05|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * Wikimedia Foundation invites comments on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Year1 Reflections and Proposed Way Forward 2026 Update|proposed future]] of the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council|Product and Technology Advisory Council]] until 28 February. * All users with registered accounts can now use passkeys for [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Two-factor authentication|two-factor authentication]] (2FA). Passkeys are a simple way to log in without using a second device. They verify the user's identity using a fingerprint, face scan, or a PIN code. To set up a passkey, first set up a regular 2FA method. Currently, to log in with a passkey, users must also use a password. Later this quarter, passwordless login will allow users to log in with a single click and a passkey. Users with advanced rights will also be required to have 2FA enabled. This is part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security|Account Security]] project. * Unregistered contributors on blocked IPs or blocked IP ranges can now interact on-wiki to appeal a block by creating a temporary account to appeal a block on the user talk page, unless the "prevent this user from editing their own talk page" is enabled. This solves the problem of logged-out users unable to use the default unblock process via user talk page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398673] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:20}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:20|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) methods description on the management page has been updated. It is now clearer and easier for users to understand and make use of. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T332385] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * A new AbuseFilter variable, <code>account_type</code>, has been added to provide a reliable way to determine the account type being created in the <code>createaccount</code> and <code>autocreateaccount</code> actions. As part of this change, the variable <code>accountname</code> has been renamed to <code>account_name</code>, and <code>accountname</code> is now deprecated. Edit filter managers should update any filters that use hardcoded account type checks or the deprecated variable. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414049] * Image thumbnails that are requested in non-standard sizes, and using non-standard methods such as direct requests to <code dir=ltr><nowiki>upload.wikimedia.org/…</nowiki></code> will stop working in the near future. This change is to prevent ongoing external abuse by web-scrapers and bots. Some users with custom CSS/JS, Interface Admins who can fix gadgets and local skins, and Tool-authors, will need to update their code to use standard thumbnail sizes. [[phab:T414805|Details, search-links, and examples of how to fix them, are available in the task]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.13|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/05|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W05"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 21:14, 26 January 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29969530 --> == This Month in Education: January 2026 == <div class="plainlinks" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 15 • Issue 1 • January 2026</span> <div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/January 2026|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/January 2026/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div> <div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div> <div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;"> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/Strengthening Wikimedia Education and Digital Literacy in 2026|Strengthening Wikimedia Education and Digital Literacy in 2026]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/Dzongkha Wikipedia Education Program in Bhutan|Dzongkha Wikipedia Education Program in Bhutan]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/Wikipedia Education Program - Train The Trainer in Nepal|Wikipedia Education Program – Train The Trainer in Nepal]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/Wikipedia 25 celebration in the Igbo Wiki Fan Club Alvan and IMSU|Wikipedia 25 celebration in the Igbo Wiki Fan Club Alvan and IMSU]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/CBSUA boosts Open Knowledge and Local Culture through expanded Wiki Education Program|CBSUA boosts Open Knowledge and Local Culture through expanded Wiki Education Program]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/WikiChallenge African Schools: Young voices, real impact, and continued (reasonable) growth|WikiChallenge African Schools: Young voices, real impact, and continued (reasonable) growth]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/Updates on Auckland Museum Summer Student Programme|Updates on Auckland Museum Summer Student Programme]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/Stronger and bolder Wikiforhumanrights 2025 in Anambra Network|Stronger and bolder Wikiforhumanrights 2025 in Anambra Network]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/Official Opening of IFAK Secondary School Wiki Club: Engaging Youth in Learning Through Open Knowledge|Official Opening of IFAK Secondary School Wiki Club: Engaging Youth in Learning Through Open Knowledge]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/Greetings from the Jeronim de Rada WikiClub in Elbasan, Albania, for Christmas 2025|Greetings from the Jeronim de Rada WikiClub in Elbasan, Albania, for Christmas 2025]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/Great and productive final activities of 2025 Wikimedia MKD education programme|Great and productive final activities of 2025 Wikimedia MKD education programme]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/Envisioning an Open Future together - WikiForAll|Envisioning an Open Future together – WikiForAll]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/A look back: reviewing the main education activities in Brazil in 2025|A look back: reviewing the main education activities in Brazil in 2025]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/A 147-Year-Old Institution Celebrates 25 Years of Wikipedia: St Aloysius University and the Spirit of Open Knowledge|A 147-Year-Old Institution Celebrates 25 Years of Wikipedia: St Aloysius University and the Spirit of Open Knowledge]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/¡Celebrando 25 años de conocimiento libre! El Proyecto "25x25" llega a las aulas de Córdoba, Argentina|Celebrating 25 years of free knowledge! The '25x25' Project reaches the classrooms of Córdoba, Argentina]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/A atuação em rede da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora para a difusão do conhecimento livre na Wikipédia|The collaborative efforts of the Federal University of Juiz de Fora for the dissemination of free knowledge on Wikipedia]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 18:26, 28 January 2026 (UTC)</div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&oldid=29951116 --> == ''The Signpost'': 29 January 2026 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[File:WikipediaSignpostIcon.svg|40px|right]] ''News, reports and features from the English Wikipedia's newspaper''</div> <div style="column-count:2;"> * Traffic report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-01-29/Traffic report|The most viewed articles of 2025]] * News and notes: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-01-29/News and notes|Good news... but also bad news for the Public Domain]] * News from Diff: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-01-29/News from Diff|Solving puzzles together]] * In the media: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-01-29/In the media|Every view on the 25th anniversary of everything]] * Comix: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-01-29/Comix|Perspectives]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost|Read this Signpost in full]]''' · [[w:en:Wikipedia:Signpost/Single|Single-page]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Signpost|Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] 06:31, 29 January 2026 (UTC) <!-- Sent via script ([[w:en:User:JPxG/SPS]]) --></div> <!-- Message sent by User:JPxG@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Signpost&oldid=29988053 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-06 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Censorship in the Czech Republic]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:cs:Cenzura v Česku]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Censorship in the Czech Republic''' had been highly active until 17 November 1989 and the fall of Communism in the former Czechoslovakia. Czech Republic was ranked as the 13th most free country in the World Press Freedom Index in 2014. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 02:32, 2 February 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29945240 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #717 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2026-02-02. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#716]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * New requests for permissions/Bot: [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Bot/Sapper-bot_2|Sapper-bot 2]] - Task: Monthly updates of the [[d:Q23883|Dead Sea]] level and the "lowest point" property for [[d:Q801|Israel]], [[d:Q810|Jordan]], and [[d:Q48|Asia]]. * Closed request for permissions/Bot: [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Bot/LiteraryWorksMetaDataUploadBot|LiteraryWorksMetaDataUploadBot]] - Task: Upload metadata for literary works from research project. (Approved) * Other: [[d:Wikidata:Administrators'_noticeboard#Proposal_to_configure_the_Newcomer_Dashboard_for_Wikidata|Proposal to configure the Newcomer Dashboard for Wikidata]] ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: ** [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/01/27/call-for-sessions-wikimania-2026-is-coming-to-paris/ Call for Sessions: Wikimania 2026 is Coming to Paris]! The submission form will remain open until March 1. Results will be published in May. ** Who's hiding behind museum collections? - A Wikidata Edit-a-thon by [https://winoda.de/en/english/ WiNoDa Knowledge Lab] (February 24th, 1:00pm-4:30pm CET). This online Edit-a-thon will focus on the many collectors that contributed to the [[q:Q136406087|Arachnida and Miryapoda collection of the Museum für Naturkunde Berlin]]. Join us to uncover the unspoken human networks that shaped the history of science! Register here: http://winoda.de/en/event/wikidata-edit-a-thon/ ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs: [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/02/01/celebrating-latin-american-public-domain-in-2026/ Strengthening the Latin American public domain with Wikidata] * Thesis: Hebeis, Maximilian (2026): [https://doi.org/10.20378/irb-112660 ''Entity Matching for Person Records in Authority Files''], Bamberg: Otto-Friedrich-Universität (Master thesis in computer science: "a case study into applying learningbased entity matching to person records from two large authority databases, namely the [[:d:Q36578|German national Integrated Authority File (GND)]] and the crowd-sourced open knowledge base Wikidata") * Papers: Special Collection of the Journal of Open Humanities Data (JOHD): ''Wikidata across the humanities: datasets, methodologies, reuse'', https://openhumanitiesdata.metajnl.com/collections/wikidata_across_the_humanities (new papers have been published during the last week; see a list at [[:d:Q136325279#P527]]) * Videos: ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oUtvW94US_M Africa Wiki Women 1st Newbies Community Meetup] - held an orientation for new members on editing Wikidata, Wikipedia, and Commons, to help bridge knowledge gaps of African women on Wiki platforms. ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=czndc9Ekzb8 Mapping Africa: Visualizing Knowledge and Communities] - explores how African communities use maps and geospatial data to enhance Wikidata, improve Wikimedia articles, and make local knowledge more visible globally. ''' Tool of the week ''' * [https://github.com/altilunium/wdlist Wdlist : Create and manage a personal list of Wikidata items.] ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * Wikimedia Deutschland Job vacancy - [https://wikimedia-deutschland.career.softgarden.de/jobs/62397164/Architect-of-Storage-Solutions-all-genders---6-weeks-Freelance-contract/ Architect of Storage Solutions] - (freelance contract / 4-6 weeks) * You can now nominate your favorite Wikidata research award for 2025. [https://research.wikimedia.org/awards.html Call for Nominations] now open until February 15, 2026. ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * Newest External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P14112|U.S. Copyright Office Public Records System name ID]], [[:d:Property:P14113|Lenta.ru person ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/value type of this mathematical property|value type of this mathematical property]] (<nowiki>type of the value of this mathematical property when applied to this object or this type of objects</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Gifu Prefectural Shrine Association ranking|Gifu Prefectural Shrine Association ranking]] (<nowiki>One of the three rankings given by the Gifu Prefectural Shrine Association</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/instances must not have|instances must not have]] (<nowiki>instances of this class or of its subclasses must not have given property or statement</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/African Scientists Directory ID|African Scientists Directory ID]] (<nowiki>identifier for a scientist in the African Scientists Directory</nowiki>) * New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Center for Jewish History person ID|Center for Jewish History person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/LINCS ID|LINCS ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Artdoc.Media film ID|Artdoc.Media film ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Biographical Dictionary of British and Irish Architects 1800-1950 practice ID|Biographical Dictionary of British and Irish Architects 1800-1950 practice ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Walloon-French dictionary ID|Walloon-French dictionary ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Russian Register of Film Distribution Certificates ID|Russian Register of Film Distribution Certificates ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Hentaigana for Academic Information Exchange ID|Hentaigana for Academic Information Exchange ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Identifiant inventaire Nouvelle-Aquitaine|Identifiant inventaire Nouvelle-Aquitaine]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Algemeen Nederlands Woordenboek ID|Algemeen Nederlands Woordenboek ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Woordenboek van Nieuwe Woorden ID|Woordenboek van Nieuwe Woorden ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Instituut voor de Nederlandse Taal ID|Instituut voor de Nederlandse Taal ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Woordcombinaties ID|Woordcombinaties ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Etymologisch Woordenboek van het Nederlands ID|Etymologisch Woordenboek van het Nederlands ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Database of the Southern Dutch Dialects concept ID|Database of the Southern Dutch Dialects concept ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/GiveSendGo ID|GiveSendGo ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CrowdRepublic project ID|CrowdRepublic project ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/European Dictionary Portal ID|European Dictionary Portal ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Gravestone Project Cemetery ID|Gravestone Project Cemetery ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Uzbek-Russian dictionary ID|Uzbek-Russian dictionary ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Ruwiki ID|Ruwiki ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Swedish National Archives ID|Swedish National Archives ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/GDUNO ID|GDUNO ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/JMRC person id|JMRC person id]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Catalunya Romànica ID|Catalunya Romànica ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Mercantile Navy List ID|Mercantile Navy List ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Igromania author ID|Igromania author ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Danmarks Kirker|Danmarks Kirker]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Medvik ID|Medvik ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Obálky knih ID|Obálky knih ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/National Theatre in Prague artist ID|National Theatre in Prague artist ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/National Theatre in Prague performance ID|National Theatre in Prague performance ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Alpine Linux Wiki article|Alpine Linux Wiki article]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Microsoft Store developer ID|Microsoft Store developer ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: [https://w.wiki/Hg$g Item with a Wikipedia page in lang. X but not Y] ([[d:Wikidata:Request_a_query#Wikidata_instance_with_page_on_language_wikis|source]]) - modify the wd: QID and the schema:isPartOf for your own purposes. * Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]]: ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Chess/Lists/Rubinstein-Memorial|WikiProject Chess - Rubinstein-Memorial list]] ** [[d:Wikidata:Wikiproject_Units_of_Measurement|WikiProject Units of Measurement]] ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Medicine/List_of_Italian_doctors|Wikiproject Medicine - List of Italian Doctors]] ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Evanion_Collection|WikiProject Evanion Collection]] * WikiProject Highlights: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_every_politician/Canada|WikiProject every Politician / Canada]] - all Commons lists were updated. * Newest [[d:Wikidata:Database reports|database reports]]: [[d:Wikidata:Database_reports/to_delete|Variety of reports for deletion candidates]] ''' Development ''' * Wikidata integration in the other Wikimedia projects: ** We are making progress with identifying additional ways in which we can reduce the number of irrelevant changes from Wikidata showing up in recent changes and watchlist on Wikipedia and co. ** We are discussing with pilot Wikipedias about turning on showing Wikidata changes by default in watchlist and recent changes (moving it from opt-in to opt-out) * GraphQL: We are putting the last touches on a GraphQL endpoint for Wikidata. We are planning to get it live later this month for feedback. * LDF endpoint: We are planning to decommission the endpoint in preparation for the migration away from Blazegraph on the 18th of February ([[phab:T415696]]) * Mobile statement editing: ** We are almost done with adding support for editing statements with quantity and monolingual text datatype and finished support for mathematical expression statements. We started support for editing coordinate statements. ** We are continuing the work on showing constraint violations. * Wikibase Ecosystem: We are in the process of setting up a demo system for ontology federation (i.e. using Wikidata Items as values in statements on another Wikibase instance) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] . [[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] ·[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 15:42, 2 February 2026 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=29942616 --> == Tech News: 2026-06 == <section begin="technews-2026-W06"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/06|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The "{{int:pageinfo-toolboxlink}}" feature, which gives validating information about a page ([{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=info}} example]), now automatically includes a table of contents. If there is a local [[{{ns:8}}:Pageinfo-header]] page created by individual users, it can now be removed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T363726] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, VisualEditor previously added bold or italic formatting inside link descriptions, making the wikicode complex. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T409669] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * There was no XML dump on 20 January. Additionally, from now on, dumps will be generated once per month only. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414389] * The MediaWiki Interfaces team removed support for all transform endpoints containing a trailing slash from the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/API:REST%20API MediaWiki REST API]. All API users currently calling those endpoints are encouraged to transition to the non-trailing slash versions. If you have questions or encounter any problems, please file a ticket in phabricator to the [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/view/6931/ #MW-Interfaces-Team board]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.14|MediaWiki]] '''Weekly highlight''' * Users are reminded that the Wikimedia Foundation has shared some guiding questions for the July 2026–June 2027 Annual Plan on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Product & Technology OKRs|Meta]] and ''[[diffblog:2025/12/10/shaping-wikimedia-foundations-2026-2027-annual-goals-key-questions-for-the-wikimedia-movement/|Diff]]''. These focus on global trends, faster and healthier experimentation, better support for newcomers, strengthening editors and advanced users, improving collaboration across projects, and growing and retaining readership. Feedback and ideas are welcome on the [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/06|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W06"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 17:40, 2 February 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30000986 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-07 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Petites Heures of Jean de France, Duc de Berry]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Jacquemart de Hesdin 002.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The '''Petites Heures of Jean de France, Duc de Berry''' is an illuminated book of hours commissioned by John, Duke of Berry between 1375 and 1385–90. It is known for its ornate miniature leaves and border decorations. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 03:59, 9 February 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29945240 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #718 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2026-02-09. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#717]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs: [https://numishare.blogspot.com/2026/01/improving-searchability-using-natural.html Numishare Blog: Improving searchability using Natural language Processing + Wikidata] - How NLP-based search improvements for [[d:Q631286|numismatic]] collections for the [[d:Q1256518|American Numismatic Society]]. Python NLP tools and Wikidata add a semantic layer that links equivalent terms (e.g. “serpent” and “snake”) to improve discovery across coin databases such as OCRE and MANTIS. Author: [[d:Q57432992|Ethan Gruber]]. * Videos: ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6vRrasGCifE Art+Feminism Conversations / Intro to Wikidata + Archives]: Led by [[d:User:Ep%C3%ACdosis|User:Epìdosis]] and [[d:User:Alan_Ang_(WMDE)|User:Alan Ang (WMDE)]], this recording covers tools that support collaborative Wikidata editing, and includes with brief updates on mobile editing, Wikibase software, and work at the intersection of AI and Wikidata. Find more info and tools covered on [[m:Art%2BFeminism:_Intro_to_Wikidata_and_Archives|Meta:Art+Feminism]] ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l8S1Ay5UWvo Custom Upload Funnel Creation on Wikimedia Commons: Wiki Loves Africa 2026] - [[d:User:Kambai_Akau|User:Kambai Akau]] and the [[c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Africa_2026_in_the_Tyap_Community|Tyap User Group]] demonstrate how to contribute to the Wiki Loves Africa 2026 contest, incl. how to add a Wikidata Infobox to your contributions, and how to create Wikidata Items if they are missing. ** (Papiamento) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DiZAvrop_yU Add a different language Label to a Wikidata Item] Wikipedia Above Aruba|Ep. 9 - it's not always obvious how to add labels, descriptions and aliases of different languages to Wikidata items, this short video demonstrates how. ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y9tbLc5czbU Hands-on Exercise: Data Cleaning & Preparation with OpenRefine] - Daniel Garjio guides through exercises to cluster and merge duplicate values, standardise formats, reconcile data with external authority sources such as Wikidata. ** (Spanish) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=srLq6dXjGc4 Mapeo colaborativo, plataformas libres y autonomía local], part of the [[m:Conferencia_Justicia_climática_Perú_2024|Conference on Climate Justice, Indigenous Voices, and Wikimedia Platforms (2024)]] - speaker: Túllio Morais Franca shows how to integrate mapping tools suchas OpenStreetMap and Mapillary with Wikidata, Commons and Wikipedia. ''' Tool of the week ''' *[https://clarity-tool.toolforge.org/ Wiki Clarity Tool]: Clarity Tool is a lightweight web application built to empower editors across Wikipedia, Wikidata, and Wikimedia Commons. It helps contributors identify missing information in articles and suggests structured data from Wikidata to fill those gaps. * [https://ga-kevin-codes.github.io/Suggest-A-Brand/ Name Suggestion Index : Submit a Brand] - A tool that links Wikidata brand items to the [https://github.com/osmlab/name-suggestion-index Name Suggestion Index project on OpenStreetMap]. ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * Mobile editors can now edit String and External ID datatypes directly in the mobile view. To help improve this new interface, Wikimedia Deutschland is looking for volunteers for UX testing sessions. Participants will be compensated for their time. Sign up [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/bo2e7e2a/apply here] (greatquestion) and learn more on the project page: [[d:Wikidata:Usability and usefulness/Item editing experience/Mobile editing of statements|Mobile editing of statements]] ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * Newest General datatypes: **[[:d:Property:P14115|‎braille transcription]] (<nowiki>transcription in Braille</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14117|location collected]] (<nowiki>geographic location where a specimen or sample was collected in the field</nowiki>) *Newest External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P14114|Rappels theatrical production ID]], [[:d:Property:P14116|Berlin School ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Siège occupé|Siège occupé]] (<nowiki>{{TranslateThis | fr = siège occupé par une personne au sein d'une académie ou autre société à ''numerus clausus'' }}</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Standard Number|Standard Number]] (<nowiki>A standard serial number</nowiki>) *New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/MusicaPopular.cl ID|MusicaPopular.cl ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/JMRC person id (en)|JMRC person id (en)]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Dictionary of Unitarian and Universalist Biography ID|Dictionary of Unitarian and Universalist Biography ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CAMEO page ID|CAMEO page ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/TeamNL athlete ID (new)|TeamNL athlete ID (new)]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/World Flora Online Plant List|World Flora Online Plant List]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/radeberger-stadtgeschichte.de Objekt Identifikator|radeberger-stadtgeschichte.de Objekt Identifikator]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Master Ideographs Seeker Character ID|Master Ideographs Seeker Character ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Flohic ID|Flohic ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Oricon News person ID|Oricon News person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/radiko person ID|radiko person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Xcity actress ID|Xcity actress ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/TV Drama Database Program ID|TV Drama Database Program ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Van Dale Rijmwoordenboek sentences ID|Van Dale Rijmwoordenboek sentences ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Van Dale Rijmwoordenboek word ID|Van Dale Rijmwoordenboek word ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BISMaL taxon ID|BISMaL taxon ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Vlaams Woordenboek ID|Vlaams Woordenboek ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Kotobank Japanese ID|Kotobank Japanese ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Nişanyan Adlar ID|Nişanyan Adlar ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: ** [https://w.wiki/HkTZ Items with two or more Olympedia people ID] ([[d:Wikidata:Request_a_query#Wikidata_entries_with_multiple_Olympedia_IDs|source]]) - find duplicate external identifier. ** [https://w.wiki/Hndn Music roll releases with recordings of works performed by composer] ([[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Piano_Rolls/Queries|source]]) * Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]]: ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Progressive_Metal|WikiProject progressive Metal]] ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Basque_Cultural_Heritage_and_GLAM|Wikiproject Basque Cultural heritage and GLAM]] * Newest [[d:Wikidata:Database reports|database reports]]: [[d:Wikidata:Database_reports/single_sitelink_template_items|'Template' items with only one sitelink]] - per [[d:Wikidata:Notability|Wikidata:Notability]], "''If a link is a template, the item must contain at least two such sitelinks...''" * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: {{Q|133866932}} - a 2025 thriller film, winner of the Palme d’Or at the 2025 Cannes Film Festival * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase Lexemes]]: ''' Development ''' * Dumps: We published the [[:File:Wikidata Dumps Discovery Research Report.pdf|report from our research into the user experience with Wikidata's dumps]]. * Mobile editing: We are finalizing the support for quantity, monolingual text, mathematical expression and musical notation statements as well as a first version for coordinate statements. * Wikidata integration in the Wikimedia projects: We have continued our investigation into existing Lua modules in order to find more ways in which we can reduce unwanted entries from Wikidata in Recent changes and watchlists on Wikipedia and co. We found a number of options that we are looking into now. ([[phab:T416822]], [[phab:T416825]], [[phab:T416826]], [[phab:T416827]]) * Wikidata Vector embedding: We added German to the embedding (next to English, French and Arabic) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] . [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] . [[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] ·[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 16:26, 9 February 2026 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=30044779 --> == Tech News: 2026-07 == <section begin="technews-2026-W07"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/07|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * [[File:Maki-gift-15.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] Logged-in contributors who manage large or complex watchlists can now organise and filter watched pages in ways that improve their workflows with the new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Watchlist labels|Watchlist labels]] feature. By adding custom labels (for example: pages you created, pages being monitored for vandalism, or discussion pages) users can more quickly identify what needs attention, reduce cognitive load, and respond more efficiently. This improves watchlist usability, especially for highly active editors. * A new feature available on [[Special:Contributions|Special:Contributions]] shows [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] that are likely operated by the same person, and so makes patrolling less time-consuming. Upon checking contributions of a temporary account, users with access to temporary account IP addresses can now see a view of contributions from the related temporary accounts. The feature looks up all the IPs associated with a given temporary account within the data retention period and shows all the contributions of all temporary accounts that have used these IPs. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts#February 2026: Improvements to the patroller tooling|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415674] * When editors preview a wikitext edit, the reminder box that they are only seeing a preview (which is shown at the top), now has a grey/neutral background instead of a yellow/warning background. This makes it easier to distinguish preview notes from actual warnings (for example, edit conflicts or problematic redirect targets), which will now be shown in separate warning or error boxes. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414742] * The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] continues to improve — it now properly supports more than one Wikibase site, for example both [[d:|Wikidata]] and [[testwikidata:|testwikidata]]. In addition, issues regarding text direction have been fixed for users who prefer Wikidata or other Wikibase sites in right-to-left (RTL) languages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415440][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415458] * The automatic "magic links" for ISBN, RFC, and PMID numbers have been [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic links|deprecated in wikitext since 2021]] due to inflexibility and difficulties with localization. Several wikis have successfully replaced RFC and PMID magic links with equivalent external links, but a template was often required to replace the functionality of the ISBN magic link. There is now a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#isbn|built-in parser function]] <code dir=ltr><nowiki>{{#isbn}}</nowiki></code> available to replace the basic functionality of the ISBN magic link. This makes it easier for wikis who wish to migrate off of the deprecated magic link functionality to do so. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T145604] * Two new wikis have been created: ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q35401|Jju]] ([[w:kaj:|<code>w:kaj:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413283] ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q1186896|Nawat]] ([[w:ppl:|<code>w:ppl:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413273] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * A new global user group has been created: [[{{int:grouppage-local-bot}}|{{int:group-local-bot}}]]. It will be used internally by the software to allow community bots to bypass rate limits that are applied to abusive [[w:en:Web scraping|web scrapers]]. Accounts that are approved as bots on at least one Wikimedia wiki will be automatically added to this group. It will not change what user permissions the bot has. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415588] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.15|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Spring 2026|MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference, Spring 2026]] will be held March 25–27 in Salt Lake City, USA. This event is organized by and for the third-party MediaWiki community. You can propose sessions and register to attend. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/AZBWVI46SDEB65PGR5J6E4TYOQQEZXM7/] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/07|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W07"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 23:27, 9 February 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30026671 --> == ''This Month in GLAM'': January 2026 == {| style="width:100%;" | valign="top" align="center" style="border:1px gray solid; padding:1em;" | {| align="center" |- | style="text-align: center;" | [[File:This Month in GLAM logo 2018.png|350px|center|link=outreach:GLAM/Newsletter]]<br /> <hr /> <div style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; text-align:center;">[[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/January 2026|<span style="color:darkslategray;">This Month in GLAM – Volume XVI, Issue I, January 2026</span>]]</div> <hr /><br /> |- style="text-align: center;" | <span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman;"> '''<u>Headlines</u>'''</span> |- style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; text-align:center;" | <div style="text-align:left; column-count:2; column-width:28em; vertical-align:top;"> * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/January 2026/Contents/From the team|From the team]]: Wikipedia at 25 * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/January 2026/Contents/Aruba report|Aruba report]]: Pap-Wikipedia Turns 20: A Milestone for Papiamento/u Knowledge * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/January 2026/Contents/Colombia report|Colombia report]]: Celebrando el día del dominio público 2026/Celebrating the public domain day 2026 * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/January 2026/Contents/France report|France report]]: Wikipedia's Birthday in France * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/January 2026/Contents/Germany report|Germany report]]: Gifted by our friends: Loads of presents for Wikipedia25 by German and Austrian GLAMs * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/January 2026/Contents/Indonesia report|Indonesia report]]: Activities in December-January * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/January 2026/Contents/Italy report|Italy report]]: Knowledge in action: Barindelli collection and Wikipedia 25 * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/January 2026/Contents/Netherlands report|Netherlands report]]: Image donation Dutch Book History * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/January 2026/Contents/New Zealand report|New Zealand report]]: Auckland Museum Student Edit-a-thon, the NZBSI Wikimedian in Residence project, and other residencies * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/January 2026/Contents/Macedonia report|North Macedonia report]]: GLAM Program of Wikimedia MKD – 2026 Overview * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/January 2026/Contents/Poland report|Poland report]]: Explore Historic Portraits from the Museum of Photography in Kraków * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/January 2026/Contents/Serbia report|Serbia report]]: January in Wikimedia Serbia * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/January 2026/Contents/Switzerland report|Switzerland report]]: Museum in Chiasso, Alpine Museum, Women Monuments * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/January 2026/Contents/UK report|UK report]]: Sharing more of the Enamels of the World * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/January 2026/Contents/Biodiversity Heritage Library report|Biodiversity Heritage Library report]]: Updates on work by BHLWiki Working Group members * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/January 2026/Contents/Map the GLAM report|Map the GLAM report]]: Wiki and GLAM: Harnessing Knowledge to Foster Gender Equality * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/January 2026/Contents/Memory of the World report|Memory of the World report]]: Manuscripts on Arabic Wikipedia * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/January 2026/Contents/Wikidata report|Wikidata report]]: Two key Wikidata Requests for Comments, relevant for future GLAM-Wiki work * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/January 2026/Contents/Events|Calendar]]: February's GLAM events </div> |- | style="font-family:Times New Roman; text-align:center; font-size:85%;" | [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter|Read this edition in full]] &bull; [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/January 2026/Single|Single-page]] |- | valign="top" colspan="2" style="padding:0.5em; font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:center; font-size:85%;" | To assist with preparing the newsletter, please visit the [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/Newsroom|newsroom]]. Past editions may be viewed [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/Archives|here]]. |- |} |} <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:GLAM/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in GLAM'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/GLAM|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · [[:m:User:Romaine|Romaine]] 08:34, 11 February 2026 (UTC)</div> <!-- Message sent by User:Romaine@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/GLAM&oldid=30055818 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #719 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2026-02-16. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#718]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * Open request for adminship: [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Administrator#Sjö|Sjö]] - RfP scheduled to end after 17 February 2026 10:02 (UTC) * New requests for permissions/Bot: [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Bot/SEEKCommonsBot|SEEKCommonsBot]] - Task: Synchronize Wikidata records created by the [https://seekcommons.org/ SEEKCommons] project with [https://openalex.org/ OpenAlex] * Closed request for permissions/Bot: ** [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Bot/AmeisenBot_3|AmeisenBot 3]] - Task: Adding descriptions (and possibly labels and aliases as well) to items based on their statements. Request closed as approved. ** [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Bot/Che-W-bot|Che-W-bot]] - Request withdrawn. ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: Next Linked Data for Libraries [[Wikidata:WikiProject LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group|LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group]] session 17 February, 2026: We have our next LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group Session on Tuesday, February 17 9am PT / 12pm ET / 17:00 UTC / 6pm CET (Time zone converter). Wikiproject P244 maintenance uses SPARQL queries to identify and resolve two types of constraint violations in Wikidata: instances of Wikidata items with more than one LCNAF identifier and instances of the same LCNAF identifier existing on more than one Wikidata item. The February 17th session will walk participants through how to resolve the former issue, while the March 3rd session will focus on the latter. Event page: [[Wikidata:WikiProject LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group/Project Series/LCNAF Duplicate Detection P244 Maintenance|https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:WikiProject_LD4_Wikidata_Affinity_Group/Project_Series/LCNAF_Duplicate_Detection_P244_Maintenance]] ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs: ** [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/02/11/wiki-for-botanists-why-thematic-engagement-matters/ Wiki for Botanists, why thematic engagement matters]: WMNZ/Aotearoa on how sustained outreach with botanists via Wikidata workshops, edit-a-thons, and conferences is improving plant-related knowledge on the Wikimedia projects and building strong collaborative relationships with scientific communities. ** [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/02/09/tech-news-2026-week-07/ Tech News Week 7 / Global Watchlists extension]: now supports multiple Wikibase instance (i.e. Wikidata + Test Wikidata) and fixes right-to-left (RTL) text directionality issues. ** [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/02/13/the-spark-of-linked-data-and-libraries-oclc-passage-project-white-paper-translation-report/ The Spark of Linked Data and Libraries: OCLC Passage Project White Paper Translation Report] * Papers: [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/400579586_Federating_Open_Knowledge_through_Wikibase_The_Case_of_The_Finno-Ugric_Data_Sharing_Space Federating Open Knowledge through Wikibase: the case of the Finno-Ugric data sharing space]: Antal et al. (2026) present a community-driven, federated prototype to link multilingual cultural heritage data, open ontologies and preserve local epistemologies. * Videos: ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LtoM-0IhKnY How to Unlock Knowledge Graph Data for LLMs with AI Retrieval] - [[d:User:Philippe_Saade_(WMDE)|User:Philippe Saade (WMDE)]], AI/ML Project Manager talks to Chad Jennings of ''Beyond the Blueprints'' (IBM Product Hub) on making Wikidata more accessible for AI developers, replacing SPARQL-heavy workflows with vector search and hybrid retrieval. ** (French) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Nn7w6Vi3M8 Créer une carte uMap à partir de données géolocalisées extraites de Wikidata] - video presentation of 2026 Digital Encounters ''"Mapping territorial data in uMap"'' ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=wf6TFcnvGno Africa Wiki Women 2026 On Wiki Skills Mentorship Program - Introduction to Wikidata] ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=PIVVpJh1seA Africa Wiki Women 2026 On Wiki Skills Mentorship Program - Major and Minor edits on Wikidata] ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=9TVFPpSNRYI EMCO Wikidata CoP meeting (2026-01-28)] - participants discuss progress on the ''early adopter'' phase, incl. how to categorise and track contributions, what statistics to measure and progress on MCO application profiles (persons + corporate bodies) ''' Tool of the week ''' * [https://queer-memory.toolforge.org/ Queer Memory] multilingual web app that explores '''global queer history''' through live Wikidata timelines, places, rights, culture, and activism. Currently available in English, French, and Spanish. ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/CMYID3FRNL7OKUNEH3O3OTGT6UQSQN3X/ Etherpad cleanup, save your pads now]. All pads after 1st March 2026 willbe deleted so if you need any of your pads, please make a local backup. * [https://doc.wikimedia.org/Wikibase/master/js/rest-api/ The Wikibase REST API] '''search''' endpoints are now available on '''v1''' and considered stable! It's important to note that the older v0, which has been live on Wikidata since July 2025, will remain available for a '''two month transition period''' until mid-April 2026. We encourage all users to migrate to the new v1 endpoints during this time to ensure that their applications can continue to work seamlessly. * The [[MW:Wikidata_Platform|WMF Wikidata Platform team]] has published its [[:Wikidata:Wikidata_Platform_team/Newsletter|February 2026 newsletter]]. It includes result of an initial evaluation of open-source triple store candidates as part of the migration away from Blazegraph, the next Blazegraph migration office hour, and more. To have new issues of the WDP '''monthly''' newsletter delivered to your user talk page, {{#tag:span| [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/WDP team updates|Subscribe to WDP newsletter!]] | style=background-color:#E7F527; border-radius:3px; font-size:90%; font-weight:bold;}} ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * Newest General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P14122|category for music in this language]] (<nowiki>link to category item that contains music in this language</nowiki>) * Newest External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P14118|‎DOAB book ID]], [[:d:Property:P14119|‎qamus.inoor.ir root ID]], [[:d:Property:P14120|‎The Session tune ID]], [[:d:Property:P14121|Parfumo fragrance note ID]], [[:d:Property:P14123|‎KaraokeTexty.cz album ID]], [[:d:Property:P14124|Biographical encyclopedia of Maros County]], [[:d:Property:P14125|Alpine Linux Wiki article]], [[:d:Property:P14126|‎Biographical Dictionary of British and Irish Architects 1800-1950 person ID]], [[:d:Property:P14127|Igromania author ID]], [[:d:Property:P14128|French Trade Mark Number]], [[:d:Property:P14129|‎Bane NOR location code]], [[:d:Property:P14130|‎CardCow.com publisher ID]], [[:d:Property:P14131|‎Lost Pubs Project ID]], [[:d:Property:P14132|Handball Base ID]], [[:d:Property:P14133|Handballnews.pl person ID]], [[:d:Property:P14134|Center for Jewish History person ID]], [[:d:Property:P14135|African Scientists Directory ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Number of translations|Number of translations]] (<nowiki>Number of translations</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Panoramax instance URL|Panoramax instance URL]] (<nowiki>the Panoramax instance of/about the subject</nowiki>) * New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Hentaigana for Academic Information Exchange ID|Hentaigana for Academic Information Exchange ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Bach digital person ID|Bach digital person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Bach digital work ID|Bach digital work ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/YList ID|YList ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/identificativo Antenati|identificativo Antenati]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Pesistulokset.fi player ID|Pesistulokset.fi player ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Liiga.fi player ID|Liiga.fi player ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Letterboxd producer ID|Letterboxd producer ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Topplista artist ID|Topplista artist ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Apple Music Classical work ID|Apple Music Classical work ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Fragplace brands ID|Fragplace brands ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Fragplace fragrances ID|Fragplace fragrances ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Fragplace notes ID|Fragplace notes ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Fragplace perfumers ID|Fragplace perfumers ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Sport Express person ID|Sport Express person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ciss.org sportsperson ID (deaf sport)|ciss.org sportsperson ID (deaf sport)]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]]: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Learned Societies|Learned Societies]] * WikiProject Highlights: a discussion regarding [[d:Wikidata talk:WikiProject Learned Societies#Members of learned societies: too many conflicting data models|how to standardise the data model of the membership of learned societies]] * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: {{Q|3324704}} - French radio program and audio podcast * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase Lexemes]]: [[d:Lexeme:L3941|collection (L3941)]] - English noun (kəˈlɛkʃən) meaning "a group of gathered items", "money gathered for charity/church", or "the act of acquiring" ''' Development ''' * Mobile statement editing: ** We are putting finishing touches on editing support for external ID, URL, monolingual text, quantities and coordinate statements. ** We worked on visually highlighting preferred and deprecated statements on the mobile site similar to how it is done on desktop. ** We worked on showing more than one constraint violation when a statement violates multiple constraints. * Ontology Federation: We continued working allowing other Wikibase instances to use Wikidata Items in their statements (and later from other Wikibase instances). You can see a demo video of the current development state at [[:File:Federation Demo.webm|ontology federation demo]]. * GraphQL: We worked on documentation to get get the GraphQL endpoint ready for a first release. * Wikidata Query Service: The Wikidata Platform team published their report of the evaluation of Blazegraph alternatives. You can read it at [[:File:WDQS Triple Store Evaluation - Benchmark Results Report.pdf]]. [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] . [[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] ·[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 13:27, 16 February 2026 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=30053912 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-08 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Lysmata grabhami]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Lysmata grabhami1.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''''Lysmata grabhami''''' is a species of saltwater shrimp in the family Hippolytidae. It was first described by Gordon in 1935. It occurs in the tropical and subtropical Atlantic Ocean and is a cleaner shrimp, operating a cleaning station to which fish come to have parasites removed. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 13:45, 16 February 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=29945240 --> == Tech News: 2026-08 == <section begin="technews-2026-W08"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/08|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Site Reliability Engineering|SRE Team]] will be performing a cleanup of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Etherpad|Etherpad]] instance, the web-based editor for real-time collaborative document editing. All pads will be permanently deleted after 30 April, 2026 – if there are still migration projects in progress at that point the team can revisit the date on a case by case basis. Please create local backups of any content you wish to keep, as deleted data cannot be recovered. This cleanup helps reduce database size and minimize infrastructure footprint. Etherpad will continue to support real-time collaboration, but long-term storage should not be expected. Additional cleanups may occur in the future without prior notice. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415237] '''Updates for editors''' * The Information Retrieval team will be launching an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Information Retrieval/Phase 1|Android mobile app experiment]] that tests hybrid search capabilities which can handle both semantic and keyword queries. The improvement of on-platform search will enable readers to find what they’re looking for directly on Wikipedia more easily. The experiment will first be launched on Greek Wikipedia in late February, followed by English, French, and Portuguese in March. [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/01/08/semantic-search-making-it-easier-to-find-the-information-readers-want/ Read more] on Diff blog. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Readers/Information_Retrieval] * The Reader Growth team will run [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/WE3.10.2 Mobile Table of Contents|an experiment]] for mobile web users, that adds a table of contents and automatically expands all article sections, to learn more about navigation issues they face. The test will be available on Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Indonesian, and Vietnamese Wikipedias. * Previously, site notices ([[{{ns:8}}:Sitenotice]] and [[{{ns:8}}:Anonnotice]]) would only render on the desktop site. Now, they will render on all platforms. Users on mobile web will now see these notices and be informed. Site administrators should be prepared to test and fix notices on mobile devices to avoid interference with articles. To opt out, interface admins can add <code dir="ltr">#siteNotice { display: none; }</code> to [[{{ns:8}}:Minerva.css]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T138572][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416644] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:19}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:19|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue on [[Special:RecentChanges|Special:RecentChanges]] has been fixed. Previously, clicking hide in the active filters caused the "view new changes since…" button to disappear, though it should have remained visible. The button now behaves as expected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T406339] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * New documentation is now available to help editors debug on-site search features. It supports troubleshooting when pages do not appear in results, when ranking seems unexpected, and when you need to inspect what content is being indexed, helping make search behavior easier to understand and analyze. [[mw:Help:CirrusSearch/Debug|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411169] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.16|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/08|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W08"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 19:14, 16 February 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30086330 --> == ''The Signpost'': 17 February 2026 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[File:WikipediaSignpostIcon.svg|40px|right]] ''News, reports and features from the English Wikipedia's newspaper''</div> <div style="column-count:2;"> * In the media: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-02-17/In the media|Global powers see Wikipedia as fundamental target for manipulation]] * News and notes: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-02-17/News and notes|Discussions open for the next WMF Annual Plan]] * Serendipity: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-02-17/Serendipity|Maintenance crews continue to slog through Wikipedia's oldest Featured Articles]] * Disinformation report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-02-17/Disinformation report|Epstein's obsessions]] * Technology report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-02-17/Technology report|Wikidata Graph Split and how we address major challenges]] * Traffic report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-02-17/Traffic report|Deaths, killings, films, and the Olympics]] * Opinion: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-02-17/Opinion|Incoming Incurables]] * Crossword: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-02-17/Crossword|Pop quiz]] * Comix: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-02-17/Comix|herculean]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost|Read this Signpost in full]]''' · [[w:en:Wikipedia:Signpost/Single|Single-page]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Signpost|Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] 08:03, 17 February 2026 (UTC) <!-- Sent via script ([[w:en:User:JPxG/SPS]]) --></div> <!-- Message sent by User:JPxG@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Signpost&oldid=30039447 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-09 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:it:Elefante di Cremona]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:de:Elefant von Cremona]])&#32;([[:eo:Elefanto de Cremona]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Matthew Paris Elephant from Parker MS 16 fol 151v.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> L''''elefante di Cremona''' (Asia, prima del 1228 - Parma, gennaio 1248) fu un esemplare di elefante donato nel 1228 a Federico II di Svevia da parte del sultano ayyubide al-Malik al-Kamil durante gli incontri che porteranno alla Pace di Giaffa. Usato principalmente per le manifestazioni trionfali del sovrano, l'elefante è citato da numerosi cronachisti e testimoni dell'epoca ed è noto per aver trainato il Carroccio dopo la grande vittoria delle armate di Federico II nella battaglia di Cortenuova del 1237. Rimasto a lungo nell'immaginario popolare collettivo, l'animale venne ucciso durante alcuni scontri occorsi nelle settimane immediatamente precedenti alla battaglia di Parma. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 11:43, 23 February 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30097839 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #720 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2026-02-23. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#719]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * Open request for adminship: [[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Administrator/Jan Myšák|Jan Myšák]] - RfP scheduled to end after 28 February 2026 11:11 (UTC) * Closed request for adminship: [[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Administrator#Sjö|Sjö]] - Closed as successful, congratulations [[d:User:Sjö|User:Sjö]]. * New request for comments: [[d:Wikidata:Requests for comment/Notability policy reform|Notability policy reform]]: [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_comment/Notability_policy_reform#Round_2:_Context|Round 2]], where policy is suggested based on round 1 discussions. ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: ** [[DiffBlog:https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/02/17/apply-now-scholarships-for-the-language-diversity-conference-2026-deadline-13-march-2026/|Apply Now: Scholarships for the Language Diversity Conference 2026]] - scholarship application deadline: 13 March 2026 / Conference dates: 2 - 4 October 2026 in Accra, Ghana. ** [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_comment/Notability_policy_reform#Round_2:_Context|Office Hour: Notability Policy]] - February 26th 2026 at 5PM UTC ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1772125200 your timezone]). ** (Catalan) [[m:Event:No_eren_bruixes,_eren_dones_d'Andorra|They were not witches, they were women from Andorra]] - a Wikimarathon for Witches edit-a-thon to make biographies of Andorran women accused of witchcraft more visible on Wikidata and Wikipedia. Sign-up on [[m:Event:No_eren_bruixes,_eren_dones_d'Andorra|Meta]]: 09:30 – 12:30 UTC, 7 March 2026. *Ongoing: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject India/Events/International Mother Language Day 2026 Datathon|International Mother Language Day 2026 Datathon]] - February 21, 2026 – March 3, 2026 ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs: ** [https://stackoverflow.blog/2026/02/20/even-genai-uses-wikipedia-as-a-source/ Stack Overflow: Even GenAI uses Wikipedia (+Wikidata) as a source] - transcript of the podcast audio between Ryan Donovan and Philippe Saade, on the Wikidata Embedding Project and vectorizing 30 million entities for semantic search. ** [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/02/21/revitalizing-uk-history-series-2-expanding-multilingual-access-on-wikidata/ Diff Blog: Revitalizing UK History, Series 2: Expanding Multilingual Access on Wikidata] - [[d:User:JosefAnthony|Josef Anthony]] describes the projects efforts in documenting underrepresented UK historical figures in multiple languages. ** [[diffblog:https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/02/20/into-the-spotlight-sharing-archival-objects-through-wikimedia-commons/|Diff blog: Into the Spotlight: Sharing Archival Objects through Wikimedia Commons]] by [[c:User:LadyRabbit|User:LadyRabbit]]. Experience documenting Ellen Winstone, a historical figure, non-notability on Wikipedia doesn't mean they are not worth documenting. Wikidata and Commons can help. * Papers: [https://arxiv.org/html/2602.14594v1 The Wikidata Query Logs Dataset (WDQL)] - presenting a dataset of 200,000 question-query pairs intended to help train Natural Language questions into SPARQL. By S. Walter, H. Bast (2026). * Videos: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dY-Vz-TS1X0 3rd Wikidata Training] of the On Wiki Skill Mentorship Program by Africa Wiki Women. Dives deeper into the core data modelling concepts, Wikidata-speciifc terminology and practical editing tips for beginners. Led by [[d:User:King_ChristLike|User:King ChristLike]] ''' Tool of the week ''' * [https://dagbanli.info/ Dagbanli dictionary] - a monolingual Dagbanli dictionary built using Wikidata lexemes, with 20000 native audio recordings as usage examples pulled from Mozilla Common Voice. This means when you look up a word, you can hear it spoken in example sentences. See this in action here: [https://dagbanli.info/?word=L722895 suɣulo] ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * [[wikimania:2026:Program|Wikimania:2026]] - The call for submissions for the program is open until March 1, 2026. * [https://www.opensanctions.org/articles/2026-02-18-every-politician/ OpenSanctions: As the CIA closes The World Factbook, we’re opening our global map of political power] - introduces [https://everypolitician.org/ EveryPolitician.org], a global database of 690,000+ political office-holders across the globe. PoliLoom, GovDirectory, a dedicated [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_every_politician|WikiProject]] and the Wikidata community are helping make structured data on politicians transparent. Learn how you can [https://everypolitician.org/about/contribute/ contribute]. ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * Newest General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P14143|annual greenhouse gas emissions]] (<nowiki>carbon dioxide equivalent emissions by this entity in a year</nowiki>) *Newest External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P14136|RFI topic ID]], [[:d:Property:P14137|‎Delfi.lv theme ID]], [[:d:Property:P14138|SFDb original ID]], [[:d:Property:P14139|Artdoc.Media film ID]], [[:d:Property:P14140|‎Biographical Dictionary of British and Irish Architects 1800-1950 practice ID]], [[:d:Property:P14141|‎Walloon-French dictionary ID]], [[:d:Property:P14142|Bolivia INE code]], [[:d:Property:P14144|Russian Register of Film Distribution Certificates ID]], [[:d:Property:P14145|‎Algemeen Nederlands Woordenboek ID]], [[:d:Property:P14146|‎Woordenboek van Nieuwe Woorden ID]], [[:d:Property:P14147|‎Woordcombinaties ID]], [[:d:Property:P14148|‎Etymologisch Woordenboek van het Nederlands ID]], [[:d:Property:P14149|Uzbek-Russian dictionary ID]], [[:d:Property:P14150|‎JMRC person id (he)]], [[:d:Property:P14151|Catalunya Romànica ID]], [[:d:Property:P14152|‎IEC 61355 identifier]], [[:d:Property:P14153|Yandex Object Answer id]], [[:d:Property:P14154|Michaelis Portuguese-English Modern Dictionary ID]], [[:d:Property:P14155|Michaelis English-Portuguese Modern Dictionary ID]], [[:d:Property:P14156|Uni24k indentifier]], [[:d:Property:P14157|The Retro Web company ID]], [[:d:Property:P14158|Hentaigana for Academic Information Exchange ID]], [[:d:Property:P14159|‎Gravestone Project Cemetery ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CWSAC classification|CWSAC classification]] (<nowiki></nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/IBAN countries|IBAN countries]] (<nowiki>The country which the bank with this property may create accounts in. For example "MyBank" can create bank accounts in "France" with the prefix "FR". Some banks have a single country they may create accounts in and other have many.</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Kloekecode|Kloekecode]] (<nowiki>identifier for locations in the Netherlands, Flanders, French Flanders, and north-western Germany</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ICAO 24-bit aircraft address|ICAO 24-bit aircraft address]] (<nowiki>Unique 24-bit ICAO aircraft address assigned to an individual aircraft’s Mode S transponder, expressed as a six-character hexadecimal code and used in ADS-B and air traffic surveillance systems.</nowiki>) * New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Faulhaber-Edition ID|Faulhaber-Edition ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/OldRacingCars.com drivers ID|OldRacingCars.com drivers ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ID Prix de Lausanne|ID Prix de Lausanne]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Spellingwijzer Onze Taal ID|Spellingwijzer Onze Taal ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Uitleenwoordenbank ID|Uitleenwoordenbank ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/EpiMedDat ID|EpiMedDat ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/REVENCYT code|REVENCYT code]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/X Games athlete ID (new)|X Games athlete ID (new)]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Pinkhof ID|Pinkhof ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Scheikunde ID|Scheikunde ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/JWS II ID|JWS II ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Buitenlandse aardrijkskundige namen in het Nederlands ID|Buitenlandse aardrijkskundige namen in het Nederlands ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/PeeringDB Facility ID|PeeringDB Facility ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/DBNL place ID|DBNL place ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/DBNL country ID|DBNL country ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/DBNL titel ID|DBNL titel ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Movist person ID|Movist person ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: ** [https://w.wiki/HvHp Property table for a set of Wikidata items] (the Memory of the World International Register) ** [https://w.wiki/Hxec People with PolSys ID<small> (P1980)</small>, and with or without Norwegian historical register of persons ID <small>(P4574)</small>] - ([https://www.wikidata.org/w/index.php?title=Wikidata:Request_a_query&oldid=2465925132#A_list_of_person_having_Pol-sys_ID_and_HistReg_ID source]) * Schema examples: [[d:EntitySchema:E502|federally recognized tribe (E502)]]: required and optional properties for items representing federally recognized Native American tribes in the United States. * Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]]: ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Ski|Ski]] - The goal of WikiProject Ski is to improve items about athletes, events and results from the different skiiing and snowboarding disciplines. ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Nonprofit_Organizations/South_Africa|Nonprofit Orgs: South Africa]] - aims to add financial data to the biggest nonprofits * WikiProject Highlights: ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Ontology/Pages|Ontology: List of Ontology Pages]] ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Sociotechnology/Resources|Sociotechnology: Resources]] ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Chantiers_MNBAQ|Chantiers MNBAQ]] ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_India/Events/International_Mother_Language_Day_2026_Datathon|India: International Mother Language Day 2026 Datathon]] * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase Lexemes]]: [[d:Lexeme:L179567|чурка (L179567)]] - Russian noun (ˈtɕurkə) meaning "a wooden block or stump", "a short piece of wood used in games", or "an offensive term for a person"[[d:Lexeme:L179567|чурка (L179567)]] - Russian noun (ˈtɕurkə) meaning "a wooden block or stump", "a short piece of wood used in games", or "an offensive term for a person" ''' Development ''' * Wikidata integration in the other Wikimedia projects: We are preparing to reach out to editors about improving specific templates that are written in a way that creates a lot of unnecessary entries in Recent Changes and Watchlists. * Mobile statement editing: We are getting close to having editing support for all datatypes. We are currently still working on the support for globe coordinates. We also added support for showing constraint violations on qualifiers and references. * Data quality: We are doing technical investigations about how to make constraint violations available for querying again. * GraphQL: We are getting ready to make GraphQL available on Wikidata later this week. [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Govdirectory/Spain|Spain]] * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] . [[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] ·[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 14:51, 23 February 2026 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=30119106 --> == Tech News: 2026-09 == <section begin="technews-2026-W09"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/09|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Reference Check|Reference Check]] has been deployed to English Wikipedia, completing its rollout across all Wikipedias. The feature prompts newcomers to add a citation before publishing new content, helping reduce common citation-related reverts and improve verifiability. In A/B testing, the impact was substantial: newcomers shown Reference Check were approximately 2.2 times more likely to include a reference on desktop and about 17.5 times more likely on mobile web. [https://analytics.wikimedia.org/published/reports/editing/reference_check_ab_test_report_final_2025.html] '''Updates for editors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:InterwikiSorting|InterwikiSorting extension]], which allowed for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Interwiki sorting order|sorting of interwiki links]], has been undeployed from Wikipedia. As a result, editors who had enabled interwiki link sorting in non-compact mode (full list format) will now see links reordered. The links moving forward will be listed in the alphabetical order of language code. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T253764] * Later this week, people who are editing a page-section using the mobile visual editor, will notice a new "Edit full page" button. When tapped, you will be able to edit the entire article. This helps when the change you want to make is outside the section you initially opened. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T387175][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T409112] * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|The Reader Experience team]] is inviting editors to assess whether dark mode should still be considered "beta" on their wiki, based on their experience of how well it functions on desktop and mobile. If the feature is deemed mature, editors can update the interface messages in <code dir=ltr>MediaWiki:skin-theme-description</code> and <code dir=ltr>MediaWiki:Vector-night-mode-beta-tag</code> to indicate that dark mode is ready and no longer considered beta. * The improved [[mw:Wikimedia_Apps/Team/iOS/Activity_Tab|Activity tab]] which displays user-insights is now available to all users of the Wikipedia iOS app (version 7.9.0 and later). Following earlier A/B testing that showed higher account creation among users with access to the feature, it has been rolled out to 100% of users along with some updates. The Activity tab now shows your edited articles in the timeline, offers editing impact insights like contribution counts and article view trends, and customization options to improve in-app experience for users. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug that prevented [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]] from working on mobile has now been fixed, restoring full functionality. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415303] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] that makes this possible continues to improve. The latest upgrade is the inclusion of a [[mw:Extension:GlobalWatchlist#hook|new hook]], <code dir=ltr>ext.globalwatchlist.rebuild</code>, which fires after each watchlist rebuild. This allows you to run gadgets and user scripts for the Special page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T275159] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.17|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/09|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W09"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 19:00, 23 February 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30119102 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-10 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Treaty of the Danish West Indies]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:The Virgin islands of the United States of America; historical and descriptive, commercial and industrial facts, figures, and resources (1918) (14596880870).jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The '''Treaty of the Danish West Indies''' (Danish: Vestindiens traktat), officially the Convention between the United States and Denmark for cession of the Danish West Indies (Danish: Konventionen mellem USA og Danmark), was a 1916 treaty transferring sovereignty of the Danish West Indies from Denmark to the United States in exchange for a sum of US$25,000,000 in gold ($722 million in 2024) and a declaration from the United States that it would "not object to the Danish Government extending their political and economic interests to the whole of Greenland". It is one of the most recent permanent expansions of United States territory. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 02:43, 2 March 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30097839 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #721 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2026-03-02. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#720]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * Closed request for adminship: [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Administrator/Jan_My%C5%A1%C3%A1k|Jan Myšák]]: Closed as successful, congratulations to Wikidata's newest admin! * New request for comments: [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_comment/Notability_policy_reform|Notability Policy - Round 2]]: we are still requesting your input on the new Notablity policy. Including whether to elevate the [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_comment/Notability_policy_reform#Round_2:_Make_Wikidata:Self-promotion_a_policy|self-promotion essay]] to a policy. ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: ** Next Linked Data for Libraries [[Wikidata:WikiProject LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group|LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group]] session 3 March, 2026: We have our next LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group Session on Tuesday, March 3 9am PT / 12pm ET / 17:00 UTC / 6pm CET (Time zone converter). Wikiproject P244 maintenance uses SPARQL queries to identify and resolve two types of constraint violations in Wikidata: instances of Wikidata items with more than one LCNAF identifier and instances of the same LCNAF identifier existing on more than one Wikidata item. The February 17th session walked participants through how to resolve the former issue, while the March 3rd session will focus on the latter. This session will be more discussion-focused, since instances where two LCNAF identifier have the same Wikidata item can be difficult to resolve because of Wikidata’s innate quirks. Maybe your ideas will become the official best practice! Event page: [[Wikidata:WikiProject LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group/Project Series/LCNAF Duplicate Detection P244 Maintenance|https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:WikiProject_LD4_Wikidata_Affinity_Group/Project_Series/LCNAF_Duplicate_Detection_P244_Maintenance]] ** [https://hermes-hub.de/aktuelles/news/save-the-date-byodl-2026-04-24.html Bring-Your-Own-Data-Lab], on 24.04.2026, the HERMES Data Competence centre hosts an online BYODL. Dr. Katrin Moeller and Dr. Olaf Simons will share how to enrich your own personal data with standard data and the Wikibase FactGrid. Click the link for registration and more information. ** Wikidata Workshop w/ Wikipedia Riba Aruba + University of Aruba Research Center (UARC), March 2, 12 - 2pm GMT-4. [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScQMobUMNF7TzQIS0yQAaODqIAlQ-5PMoESx_VAq_MIgYtUGQ/viewform Click here to register.] ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs: ** [https://www.museodelprado.es/actualidad/noticia/el-museo-del-prado-y-wikimedia-espaa-consolidan-a/bb297f99-9445-68c8-250f-f2aa2765792a The Museo del Prado and Wikimedia Spain consolidate Wikidata as the connector axis of digital cultural heritage] - gathering of the second edition of ''Connected Heritage: Wikidata in the GLAM Ecosystem'' ** (Dutch) [https://www.wikimedia.nl/actueel/blog/wikipielen-informele-wiki-hackathon-voor-de-glam-sector/ Wikipielen: an informal mini-hackathon for the GLAM sector], Olaf Janssen (WM coordinator at National Library of Netherlands) on the 10th edition of this micro-hackathon for people in cultural and heritage sector interested in Wikidata, Wikibase, SPARQL, OpenRefine and other technical skills. ** [https://medium.com/@michalmigurski/weeknotes-2026w04-boundary-issues-f037407a7f45 Boundary Issues]—Michal Migurski on representing disputed boundaries using Wikidata and OpenStreetMap. * Papers: ** [https://openhumanitiesdata.metajnl.com/articles/10.5334/johd.471 From Websites to Wikidata: Digitising Scotland’s Stories] by Ross ''et al.'' (2026) ** [https://doi.org/10.1145/3795134 ''Entity Linking with Wikidata: A Systematic Literature Review''] ** [https://arxiv.org/html/2602.19133v1 ''A Dataset for Named Entity Recognition and Relation Extraction from Art-historical Image Descriptions''] by Schneider ''et al.'' (2026)., introduces FRAME for extracting art-historical entities and relationships from texts, enabling automatic linking of artworks, artists, and related metadata via Wikidata. ** [https://elischolar.library.yale.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1247&context=jcas Review of Ethics in Linked Data] by Rebecca Fried. * Videos: ** (Swedish) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZjJHbF2aDCc Fotbollsspelare Wikipedia / Wikidata] - using QuickStatements to add P54 (member of sports team) to football players ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n-hYIdzJLeg Jukun Wikipedia Outreach], day 2 took attendees through adding interwiki links, Wikidata essentials and adding {{Databox}} to Jukun Wiki articles. ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dgRWBAvoea0 Set-up Tutorial: Language Preferences and Gadgets on Wikidata], the International [Digital] Dura-Europos Archive (IDEA) takes us through enabling gadgets and setting your preferred languages (Babel). ''' Tool of the week ''' * [https://mapsofthe.world/stadiums Maps Of the World / Stadiums] - explore the stadiums of the world (at least the ones with Wikidata Items), mapped by SPARQL. ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * Newest General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P14164|SignWriting transcription]] (<nowiki>representation in SignWriting</nowiki>) * Newest External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P14160|Microsoft Store developer ID]], [[:d:Property:P14161|Apple Music Classical work ID]], [[:d:Property:P14162|‎SIK-ISEA group ID]], [[:d:Property:P14163|‎CHZZK streamer ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review:: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Objectif plumes|Objectif plumes]] (<nowiki>Database managed by the General Service for Literature and Books, a department of the Cultural Administration of the Wallonia-Brussels Federation (basically the Ministry of Culture for the French-speaking part of Belgium). The database currently includes entries on books by more than 8.000 Belgian writers.</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/usual forename|usual forename]] (<nowiki>A name usually derived from a given name used to address a person in everyday life.</nowiki>) ***[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/apportionment diagram|apportionment diagram]] (<nowiki>image that displays the representation of seats won by party in an election to an assembly</nowiki>) * New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/LibriVox reader ID|LibriVox reader ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/All Skies Encyclopaedia ID|All Skies Encyclopaedia ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/KCUE academy ID|KCUE academy ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Catálogo de autoridades da BUSC|Catálogo de autoridades da BUSC]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ISSN-H|ISSN-H]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Hong Kong Cinema title ID|Hong Kong Cinema title ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/NPPM ID|NPPM ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Parlement.com ID|Parlement.com ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Kokugakuin University god name database ID|Kokugakuin University god name database ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Czech National Register of Health Service Providers ID|Czech National Register of Health Service Providers ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Génération Nintendo game ID developer ID|Génération Nintendo game ID developer ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Génération Nintendo game ID publisher ID|Génération Nintendo game ID publisher ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/wikiru.jp wiki ID|wikiru.jp wiki ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Tribuna.com football players ID|Tribuna.com football players ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SnokaDB|SnokaDB]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/abadis.ir Persian word ID|abadis.ir Persian word ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/AIK soccer player ID|AIK soccer player ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BOIShistory|BOIShistory]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: ** [https://w.wiki/HygX Works in Scottish museums by female artists, lacking an English Wikipedia article] ([[:d:User:MartinPoulter/queries/collections|source]]) ** [https://w.wiki/J5hv Graph of Moominworld] * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: {{Q|Q1774}} - semi-autonomous part of Tanzania * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase Lexemes]]: [[d:Lexeme:L14515|snap (L14515)]] - English verb (snæp) meaning "to break suddenly", "to lose control emotionally", or "to take a photograph" ''' Development ''' * Mobile statement editing: ** We worked on removing the constraint violations indicator from a statement after an edit that fixed it. ** We are fixing bugs uncovered in testing, such as [[phab:T218477]], [[phab:T418104]], [[phab:T417861]] and [[phab:T417647]]. * GraphQL: We are getting ready to launch the first version later this week, including preparing the documentation for how to use it. [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] . [[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] ·[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 15:42, 2 March 2026 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=30129341 --> == Tech News: 2026-10 == <section begin="technews-2026-W10"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/10|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Wikipedia 25 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments|Birthday mode]] is now live on Betawi, Breton, Chinese, Czech, Dutch, English, French, Gorontalo, Indonesian, Italian, Luxembourgish, Madurese, Sicilian, Spanish, Thai, and Vietnamese Wikipedias! This limited-time campaign feature celebrates 25 years of Wikipedia with a birthday mascot, Baby Globe. When turned on, Baby Globe is shown on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments/article configuration|~2,500 articles]], waiting to be discovered by readers. Communities can choose to turn Birthday mode on by getting consensus from their community and asking an admin to enable the feature and customize it via [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments#Community Configuration Demo|community configuration]] on the local wiki. '''Updates for editors''' * [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|Sub-referencing]], a new feature to re-use references with different details has been released to Swedish Wikipedia, Polish Wikipedia and [[:phab:T418209|a couple of other wikis]]. You can [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#test|try the feature]] on these projects or on testwiki and [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmcloud.org/wiki/Sub-referencing betawiki]. Learnings from the first pilot wiki German Wikipedia have been [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing/Learnings|published in a report]]. Reach out to the Wikimedia Deutschland team if you are [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Pilot wikis|interested in becoming a pilot wiki]]. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#Paste check|Paste Check]] will become available at all Wikipedias this week. The feature prompts newcomers who are pasting text they are not likely to have written into VisualEditor to consider whether doing so risks a copyright violation. Paste Check [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Tags|tags]] all edits where it is shown for potential review. Local administrators can configure various aspects of the feature via [[{{#special:EditChecks}}]]. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Paste Check#A/B Experiment|Research]] across 22 wikis found that Paste Check resulted in an 18% decrease in relative reverted-edits compared to the control group. Translators can [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&group=ext-visualeditor-ve-mw-editcheck&filter=&optional=1&action=translate help to localize] this and related features. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|Reader Experience team]] will be standardizing the user menu in the top right for all mobile users so that it is closer to the desktop experience. Currently this user menu is only visible to users with Advanced Mobile Controls (AMC) turned on. The only change is that a couple buttons previously in the left-side menu will move to the top right for users who do not have AMC turned on. This change is expected to go out March 9 and seeks to improve the user interface. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413912] * Starting in the week of March 2, the emails sent out when an email address was added, removed, or changed for an account will switch to a substantially nicer and clearer HTML email from the prior plaintext one. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T410807] * Notifications are currently limited to 2,000 historic entries per user, and extend back to 2013 when the feature was released. This is going to be changed to only store Notifications from the last 5 years, but up to 10,000 of them. This will help with long-term infrastructure health and help to prevent more recent notifications from disappearing too soon. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383948] * The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] which lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on a single page continues to see improvements. The latest update improves label usage experience. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] now allows activating the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Language#Fallback languages|language fallback system]] for Wikidata items without labels in the viewed language, and showing those labels in the user’s preferred Wikidata language if no <code dir=ltr>uselang=</code> URL parameter is provided. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373686][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416111] * The Wikipedia Android team has started a beta test of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Information Retrieval/Phase 1|hybrid search]] on Greek Wikipedia. Hybrid search capabilities can handle both semantic and keyword queries enabling readers to find what they’re looking for directly on Wikipedia more easily. * For security reasons, members of certain user groups are [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Mandatory two-factor authentication for users with some extended rights|required to have two-factor authentication]] (2FA) enabled. Currently, 2FA is required to use the group, but not to be a member of it. Given that this model still has some vulnerabilities, the situation will [[phab:T418580|gradually change in March]]. Members of these groups will be unable to disable last 2FA method on their account, and it will be impossible to add users without 2FA to these groups. Users will still be able to add new authentication methods or remove them, as long as at least one method is continuously enabled. In the second half of March, users without 2FA will be removed from these groups. This applies to: CentralNotice administrators, checkusers, interface administrators, suppressors, Wikidata staff, Wikifunctions staff, WMF Office IT and WMF Trust & Safety. Nothing will change for other users. See the linked task for deployment schedule. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418580] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue preventing users from creating an instance in [https://www.wikibase.cloud/ Wikibase.cloud] has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416807] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * To help ensure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]], over the next month the Wikimedia Foundation will implement global API rate limits across our APIs. In early March, stricter limits will be applied to unidentified requests from outside Toolforge/WMCS and API requests that are made from web browsers. In April, higher limits will be applied to identified traffic. These limits are intentionally set as high as possible to minimise impact on the community. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]]. * The Wikidata Query Service Linked Data Fragment (LDF) endpoint will be decommissioned in February. This endpoint served limited traffic, which was successfully migrated to other data access methods that were better suited to support existing use cases. The hardware used to support the LDF endpoint will be reallocated to support the ongoing backend migration efforts. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415696] * The new Parsoid parser [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Updates|continues to be deployed to additional wikis]], improving platform sustainability and making it easier to introduce new reading and editing features. Parsoid is now the default parser on 488 WMF wikis (268 Wikipedias), now covering more than 10% of all Wikipedia page views. * The process and criteria for [[Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise#Access|requesting exceptional access]] to the high volume feed of the ''Wikimedia Enterprise'' APIs (at no cost for mission-aligned usecases), [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Enterprise#Exceptional access criteria|have now been published]]. This is to provide more thorough and clearer documentation for users. * [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/ Tech Blog], the blog dedicated to the Wikimedia technical community [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2026/02/24/a-tech-blog-diff/ will be migrating] to [[diffblog:|Diff]], the community news and event blog. The migration should be complete in April 2026, after which new posts will be accepted for publishing. Readers will be able to access posts – old and new – on the landing page at https://diff.wikimedia.org/techblog. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.18|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/10|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W10"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 17:48, 2 March 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30137798 --> == This Month in Education: February 2026 == <div class="plainlinks" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 15 • Issue 2 • February 2026</span> <div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/February 2026|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/February 2026/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div> <div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div> <div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;"> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Cairo University Spanish Language Volunteers document Madrid’s Historic and Contemporary Palaces|Cairo University Spanish Language Volunteers document Madrid’s Historic and Contemporary Palaces]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Celebrating 25 Years of Wikipedia in Uzbekistan|Celebrating 25 Years of Wikipedia in Uzbekistan]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Encontro da Rede Latino Americana de Inteligência Artificial Feminista: construindo futuros possíveis|Meeting of the Latin American Network of Feminist Artificial Intelligence: building possible futures]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Farewelling the Auckland Museum Summer Students|Farewelling the Auckland Museum Summer Students]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Inclusive Climate Learning with Wikimedia Reaches Special School in Kumasi|Inclusive Climate Learning with Wikimedia Reaches Special School in Kumasi]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Introducing Wikimedia in Academic curriculum for students of higher education in universities of Telangana |Introducing Wikimedia in Academic curriculum for students of higher education in universities of Telangana]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Learning from Finland: Edit-a-thon on Finnish Education set to take place in Belgrade|Learning from Finland: Edit-a-thon on Finnish Education set to take place in Belgrade]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Library of IME-USP Workshop: Edits in History of Mathematics|Library of IME-USP Workshop: Edits in History of Mathematics]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/LitFest 2026: Room to Dream to amplify local voices across Wikimedia|LitFest 2026: Room to Dream to amplify local voices across Wikimedia]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/New online workshops for the German language Wikipedia|New online workshops for the German language Wikipedia]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Road to Wiki Cohort 1: Building India's Next Generation of Wikimedia Technical Contributors|Road to Wiki Cohort 1: Building India's Next Generation of Wikimedia Technical Contributors]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/The history of the Wikimedia movement in a Brazil: a book about stories and projects|The history of the Wikimedia movement in a Brazil: a book about stories and projects]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Wiki Club Federal Government Boys College Celebrates Mother Tongue Day|Wiki Club Federal Government Boys College Celebrates Mother Tongue Day]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Wiki Club Minalabac joins Freedom to Read 2026: One World, Many Languages|Wiki Club Minalabac joins Freedom to Read 2026: One World, Many Languages]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Wiki Love Folklore Photowalk at Khajuraho Dance Festival 2026|Wiki Love Folklore Photowalk at Khajuraho Dance Festival 2026]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Wiki Loves Fish Workshop Empowers Students to Document Coastal Biodiversity|Wiki Loves Fish Workshop Empowers Students to Document Coastal Biodiversity]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/WikiCendekia 2026: Insights from our training of admins in Indonesia|WikiCendekia 2026: Insights from our training of admins in Indonesia]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Wikimedia MKD's activities- new wiki club and a lots of new training workshops|Wikimedia MKD's activities- new wiki club and a lots of new training workshops]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/WikiPatrimoine Senghor : Valorisation du patrimoine culturel africain à l'Université Senghor|WikiPatrimoine Senghor : Valuation of African cultural heritage at the University Senghor]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Wikipedia Turns 25: Young Voices, Big Future|Wikipedia Turns 25: Young Voices, Big Future]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 11:55, 3 March 2026 (UTC)</div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&oldid=30155806 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-11 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Steens Mountain]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Steens Mountain near Andrews, Oregon.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Steens Mountain''' is a large fault-block mountain in the northwest United States, located in Harney County, Oregon. Stretching some fifty miles (80 km) north to south, on its east side it rises from the Alvord Desert at an elevation of about 4,200 feet (1,280 m) to 9,738 feet (2,968 m) at the summit. Steens Mountain is not part of a mountain range but is properly a single mountain, the largest of Oregon's fault-block mountains. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 07:31, 9 March 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30097839 --> == Wikidata weekly summary 722 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2026-03-09. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#721]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * New requests for permissions/Bot: [[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Bot/DifoolBot 8|DifoolBot 8]] - Task: Remove Wikipedia import references from statements where the referenced article has since been deleted. ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: ** [https://wikidataworkshop.github.io/2026/ The 6th Wikidata Workshop] has been announced for ISWC 2026. If you are interested in joining the wWorkshop for the scientific Wikidata community, contact: 6th-wikidata-workshop@googlegroups.com ** [https://events.ucf.edu/event/4071752/open-scholarly-profiles-with-wikidata/ Open Scholarly Profiles with Wikidata] - April 22, 2026, 13:00 - 14:30, at the University of Central Florida. ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs: ** [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/03/08/becoming-a-trainer-assistant-at-wikilatih-wikidata-brin-a-journey-of-sharing-knowledge Diff blog: Becoming a Trainer Assistant at Wikilatih Wikidata BRIN: A Journey of Sharing Knowledge] by Affandy Murad ** [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/03/06/why-dagbanli-needs-a-dictionary-and-how-we-built-one-with-wikidata/ Diff blog: Why Dagbanli Needs a Dictionary (And How We Built One with Wikidata)] - by [[User:Masssly]] * Papers: [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e1/Scholia_2026_Compliance_with_SPARQL_1.1.pdf Scholia 2026: Compliance with SPARQL 1.1], to be presented at [https://www.swat4ls.org/ SWAT4HCLS 2026] * Videos: ** (Swedish) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kvaPqzO2cWQ Mix'n'Match IFKDB] / [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r7b9LR79y5U Mix'n'Match DIF Historia] - Magnus Sälgö ** (Spanish) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cpA19w3jM40 Introducción a Wikidata], Dinah M. W.Fraites and Dr. Claudia De Souza give a comprehensive tour and introduciotn of Wikidata for the ''Centro para la Excelencia Académica'' ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iuYkCUiP1wk Accessibility and Gen AI - Ep 15 w/ Denny Vrandečić (Head of Special Projects at Wikimedia Foundation)] - a conversation about Abstract Wikipedia, the relationship between Wikimedia, Wikipedia and other Projects and how the Foundation will adopt and adapt to emergent technologies such as LLM's. ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FGZqljvsoow Epigraphic Object Encoding] - Session 7 of the SunoikisisDC ''Digital Approaches to Cultural Heritage''. Experiences encoding epigraphic data into Wikidata starts at 58:27. ** (Arabic) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4F_n4xgUgKg Arabic Wikidata Days 2025: Adding Wikidata to include Arabic Content (example: Hijri Calendar)], Saeed Hubaishan presents a practical example of adapting Wikibase to enable adding new data types that haven't previously been modelled, such as dates in the Hijri Calendar. ** Wikimania 2025 - Unpopular Opinions: Bold Lightning Talks to Shake Up Wikimedia: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cB76LpwRYYI&t=2080s Moving Categories to Wikidata ((Ad Huikeshoven))] / [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cB76LpwRYYI&t=2080s Introducing Wiki AI (Sam Klein)] ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fELZCm-plHo Unlocking Government Data for Wikidata: Stories, Impacts & Open Dialogue] from Wikimania 2025. Panelists: Butch Bustria, James M. Heilman (Doc James), Jan Ainali, Vanj Padilla, Wisdom Ferrer, Seddon explore how the reuse of public domain & government datasets enriches Wikidata & bolsters public engagement with Wikimedia projects.[[c:File:Unlocking_Government_Data_for_Wikidata._Stories,_Impacts,_and_Open_Dialogue_-_Wikimania_2025_Nairobi.pdf|Slides]] ''' Tool of the week ''' * [https://codeberg.org/2Go/Data2Go Data2Go] : An iOS app for browsing and editing Wikidata with a mobile-first UI. It combines fast search, rich item detail views, statement editing, map previews, media galleries, and account-based write access to Wikidata. ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * Wikidata now has a GraphQL API! [[d:Wikidata:Wikibase GraphQL|Read more about it and try it out]] or sign up for the [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/GraphQLAPI/apply usability tests]. * The WMF is in the process of rolling out new global API rate limits. This will also affect Wikidata. For more details see [[mw:Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]]. ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * Newest External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P14165|ICAO 24-bit aircraft address]], [[:d:Property:P14166|BISMaL taxon ID]], [[:d:Property:P14167|Xcity actress ID]], [[:d:Property:P14168|All Skies Encyclopaedia ID]], [[:d:Property:P14169|Power Thesaurus ID]], [[:d:Property:P14170|Kvinnehistorie.no persons ID]], [[:d:Property:P14171|Mastercaller player ID]], [[:d:Property:P14172|dartn.de player ID]], [[:d:Property:P14173|darts1.de player ID]], [[:d:Property:P14174|pdpa.co.uk player ID]], [[:d:Property:P14175|‎People's Graphic Design Archive creator ID]], [[:d:Property:P14176|HKCinema film ID]], [[:d:Property:P14177|Medvik ID]], [[:d:Property:P14178|Obálky knih ID]], [[:d:Property:P14179|MusicaPopular.cl ID]], [[:d:Property:P14180|CAMEO page ID]], [[:d:Property:P14181|ciss.org sportsperson ID (deaf sport)]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/maximum vehicle length|maximum vehicle length]] (<nowiki>maximum authorized length for vehicles (especially heavy goods vehicles) on a bridge, tunnel or road segment</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Peer-review propertiy for journals or publications|Peer-review propertiy for journals or publications]] (<nowiki>{{TranslateThis | de = <!-- Beschreibung auf Deutsch --> <!-- | xx = Beschreibungen in anderen Sprachen --> }}Scholarly journals or publications should have a property "peer review process" indicating which peer review process (if any) is applied for the publication.</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/maximum vehicle width|maximum vehicle width]] (<nowiki>maximum authorized width for vehicles (especially heavy goods vehicles) on a bridge, tunnel or road segment</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/maximum vehicle weight|maximum vehicle weight]] (<nowiki>maximum authorized weight (tonnage / gross vehicle weight) for vehicles (especially heavy goods vehicles) on a bridge, tunnel or road segment (load limit)</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/regional conservation status|regional conservation status]] (<nowiki>conservation status of species in national or regional Red List publications that follow the IUCN red list criteria</nowiki>) * New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/LINE official account ID|LINE official account ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Kulturbase.no ID|Kulturbase.no ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CROWCASS file number|CROWCASS file number]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Integbio Database Catalog ID|Integbio Database Catalog ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/norsk fangeregister historie ID|norsk fangeregister historie ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Census of Italian Architecture since 1945|Census of Italian Architecture since 1945]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/TMDB award ID|TMDB award ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SocioMap ID|SocioMap ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/AVefi ID|AVefi ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/NSK new ID|NSK new ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Atlas of Endangered Alphabets ID|Atlas of Endangered Alphabets ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: ** [https://w.wiki/J7cr Property count of characters in Tolkien's Universe] ([[d:Wikidata:Request_a_query#Query_to_list_properties_and_their_counts|source]]) ** [https://w.wiki/JFy7 Data about Norwegians in captivity during WWII (using ''Norwegian prisoner register person ID'' (P8269) + others] ([[d:Wikidata:Request_a_query#A_list_of_persons_in_Fanger.no|source]]) * Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]]: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Beer|WikiProject Beer]] * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: {{Q|Q733738}} - international airport serving Melbourne, Australia * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase Lexemes]]: [[d:Lexeme:L1154759|sampaa (L1154759)]] - Dagbanli noun that translates to a hut within a compound to provide shelter for people during the warm season. ''' Development ''' * GraphQL: We have released the first version of this new API. [[d:Wikidata:Wikibase GraphQL|You can read more about it and try it out]]. * Wikidata integration in the other Wikimedia projects: We have worked with editors to improve some highly-used modules that access Wikidata in a suboptimal way. They have been adjusted to lead to less unneeded change notification in people's watchlists and recent changes on Wikipedia and co. * Mobile statement editing: We fixed an issue where certain Properties were not accessible in the new mobile UI. We are also working on fixing a bug with saving musical notation statements. We are continuing the work on supporting editing of geocoordinates. [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Govdirectory|agencies for the environment and nature conservation]]. * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] . [[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] ·[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 15:51, 9 March 2026 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=30163237 --> == Tech News: 2026-11 == <section begin="technews-2026-W11"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/11|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|All wikis will be read-only]] for a few minutes on Wednesday, 25 March 2026 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1774450800 15:00 UTC]. This is for the datacenter server switchover backup tests, [[wikitech:Deployments/Yearly calendar|which happen twice a year]]. During the switchover, all Wikimedia website traffic is shifted from one primary data center to the backup data center to test availability and prevent service disruption even in emergencies. * Last week, all wikis had 2 hours of read-only time, and extended unavailability for user-scripts and gadgets. This was due to a security incident which has since been resolved. Work is ongoing to prevent re-occurrences. For current information please see the [[m:Steward's noticeboard#Statement on Meta about today's user script security incident|post on the Stewards' noticeboard]] ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Product and Technology/Product Safety and Integrity/March 2026 User Script Incident|translations]]). '''Updates for editors''' * Users facing multiple blocks on mobile will now see the reasons for each block separately, instead of a generic message. This helps them understand why they are blocked and what steps they can take to resolve the issue. For example, users affected for using common VPNs (such as [[Special:MyLanguage/Apple iCloud Private Relay|iCloud Private Relay]]) will receive clearer guidance on what they need to do to start editing again. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T357118] * Later this week, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Suggestion Mode|Suggestion Mode]] will become available as a beta feature within the visual editor at all Wikipedias. This feature proactively suggests various types of actions that people can consider taking to improve Wikipedia articles, and learn about related guidelines. The feature is locally configurable, and can also be locally expanded with custom Suggestions. Current settings can be seen at [[Special:EditChecks]] and there are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Suggestion mode#For administrators %E2%80%93 local customization|instructions for how administrators can customize]] the links to point to local guidelines. The feature is connected to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check|Edit check]] which suggests improvements while someone is writing new content. In the future, the Editing team plans to evaluate the feature's impact with newcomers through a controlled experiment. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T404600] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where the cursor became misaligned during the use of CodeMirror’s syntax highlighting, which makes wikitext and code easier to read, has now been fixed. This problem specifically affected users who defined a font rule in a custom stylesheet while creating a new topic with DiscussionTools. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418793] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * API rate limiting update: To help ensure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]], global API rate limits will be applied this week to requests without a compliant User-Agent that originate from outside Toolforge/WMCS and to unauthenticated requests made from web browsers. Higher limits will be applied to identified traffic in April. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]]. * The new GraphQL API has been released. The API was developed as a flexible alternative to select features of the Wikidata Query Service (WDQS), to improve developer experience and foster adaptability, and efficient data access. Try it out and [[d:Wikidata:Wikibase GraphQL#Feedback and development|give feedback]]. You can also [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/GraphQLAPI/apply sign up for usability tests]. * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group|PTAC Unsupported Tools Working Group]] continued improvements to [[commons:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Video2commons#|Video2Commons]] in February, with fixes addressing authentication errors, large-file handling, task queue visibility, and clearer upload behavior. Work is still ongoing in some areas, including changes related to deprecated server-side uploads. Read [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group#February 2026|this update]] to learn more. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.19|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * The Article Guidance team invites experienced Wikipedia editors from selected [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance/Pilot wikis and collaborators#Collaborators|pilot wikis]] and interested contributors from other Wikipedias to fill out this questionnaire which is available in [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfmLeVWnxmsCbPoI_UF2jyRcn73WRGWCVPHzerXb4Cz97X_Ag/viewform English], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSd6rzr4XXQw8r4024fE3geTPFe13M_6w7Mitj-YJi0sOlWTAw/viewform?usp=header Arabic], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdok3-RfB18lcugYTUMGkpwmqG_8p760Wv4dCXitOXOszjUDw/viewform?usp=header Bengali], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfjTfYp4jEo0akA4B1e-Nfg3QZPCudUjhJzHzzDi6AHyAaMGA/viewform?usp=header Japanese], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScteVoI29Aue4xc72dekk-6RYtvmMgQxzMI900UOawrFrSTWg/viewform?usp=header Portuguese], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSetdxnYwL3ub2vqA7awCg5hJZPMIYcDPaiTe12rY9h0GYnVlw/viewform?usp=header Persian], and [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScNvfJF-Ot-4pzA4qAN771_0QDJ4Li19YcUsaTgSKW8Nc7U_Q/viewform?usp=header Turkish]. Your answers will help the team customize guidance for less experienced editors and help them learn community policies and practices while creating an article. Learn more [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|on the project page]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/11|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W11"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 18:50, 9 March 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30213008 --> == ''The Signpost'': 10 March 2026 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[File:WikipediaSignpostIcon.svg|40px|right]] ''News, reports and features from the English Wikipedia's newspaper''</div> <div style="column-count:2;"> * Interview: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-03-10/Interview|Bernadette Meehan, new Wikimedia Foundation CEO]] * News and notes: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-03-10/News and notes|Security testing unleashes computer worm on Meta-wiki]] * Special report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-03-10/Special report|What actually happened during the Wikimedia security incident?]] * In the media: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-03-10/In the media|Indonesian government blocks Wikimedia logins; archive site scoured from Wikipedia after owner runs malware]] * Recent research: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-03-10/Recent research|To wiki, perchance to groki]] * Obituary: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-03-10/Obituary|Madhav Gadgil, Fredrick Brennan, Mark Miller, Chip Berlet]] * Opinion: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-03-10/Opinion|Interface administrators and trusting trust]] * Technology report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-03-10/Technology report|English Wikipedia deprecates archive.today after DDoS against blog, altered content]] * Op-ed: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-03-10/Op-ed|Why is "Trypsin-sensitive photosynthetic activities in chloroplast membranes" cited in "List of tallest buildings in Chicago"?]] * Essay: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-03-10/Essay|The pursuit of a button click]] * In focus: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-03-10/In focus|Short descriptions: One year later]] * WikiProject report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-03-10/WikiProject report|Unreferenced articles backlog drive]] * Community view: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-03-10/Community view|Speaking of planning ...]] * Traffic report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-03-10/Traffic report|Over the mountain, kissing silver inlaid clouds]] * Crossword: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-03-10/Crossword|"It will never happen"]] * Comix: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-03-10/Comix|BRIEn't]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost|Read this Signpost in full]]''' · [[w:en:Wikipedia:Signpost/Single|Single-page]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Signpost|Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] 04:14, 10 March 2026 (UTC) <!-- Sent via script ([[w:en:User:JPxG/SPS]]) --></div> <!-- Message sent by User:JPxG@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Signpost&oldid=30121359 --> == ''This Month in GLAM'': February 2026 == {| style="width:100%;" | valign="top" align="center" style="border:1px gray solid; padding:1em;" | {| align="center" |- | style="text-align: center;" | [[File:This Month in GLAM logo 2018.png|350px|center|link=outreach:GLAM/Newsletter]]<br /> <hr /> <div style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; text-align:center;">[[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/February 2026|<span style="color:darkslategray;">This Month in GLAM – Volume XVI, Issue II, February 2026</span>]]</div> <hr /><br /> |- style="text-align: center;" | <span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman;"> '''<u>Headlines</u>'''</span> |- style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; text-align:center;" | <div style="text-align:left; column-count:2; column-width:28em; vertical-align:top;"> * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/February 2026/Contents/From the team|From the team]]: GLAM in 2026 is calling to action! * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/February 2026/Contents/Belgium report|Belgium report]]: A photo safari through Wiki Loves Fashion & a rescue mission with Mission Gourmande! * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/February 2026/Contents/Czech Republic report|Czech Republic report]]: National Library overview of 2025 * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/February 2026/Contents/Italy report|Italy report]]: Cultural Heritage and Memory: 2026 GLAM Call and Executed Renaissance Edit-a-thon * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/February 2026/Contents/New Zealand report|New Zealand report]]: Farewelling the Auckland Museum Summer Students and an update on the NZBSI WiR * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/February 2026/Contents/Poland report|Poland report]]: Wikipedia in Cultural Marketing at Crash Mondays Warsaw * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/February 2026/Contents/Serbia report|Serbia report]]: February in Wikimedia Serbia * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/February 2026/Contents/Spain report|Spain report]]: Wikidata in the GLAM context II * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/February 2026/Contents/Switzerland report|Switzerland report]]: Neocomensia, SAPA, Atelier Winterthur, GLAM-on-Tour Disentis * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/February 2026/Contents/UK report|UK report]]: New content in African and Asian languages * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/February 2026/Contents/Biodiversity Heritage Library report|Biodiversity Heritage Library report]]: Updates on work by BHLWiki Working Group members * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/February 2026/Contents/Memory of the World report|Memory of the World report]]: Focus on Indigenous issues * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/February 2026/Contents/Events|Calendar]]: March's GLAM events </div> |- | style="font-family:Times New Roman; text-align:center; font-size:85%;" | [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter|Read this edition in full]] &bull; [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/February 2026/Single|Single-page]] |- | valign="top" colspan="2" style="padding:0.5em; font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:center; font-size:85%;" | To assist with preparing the newsletter, please visit the [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/Newsroom|newsroom]]. Past editions may be viewed [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/Archives|here]]. |- |} |} <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:GLAM/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in GLAM'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/GLAM|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · [[:m:User:Romaine|Romaine]] 00:52, 12 March 2026 (UTC)</div> <!-- Message sent by User:Romaine@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/GLAM&oldid=30232291 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-12 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Casque (anatomy)]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Great hornbill (Buceros bicornis) Photograph by Shantanu Kuveskar.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> A '''casque''' is an anatomical feature found in some species of birds, reptiles, and amphibians. In birds, it is an enlargement of the bones of the upper mandible or the skull, either on the front of the face, the top of the head, or both. The casque has been hypothesized to serve as a visual cue to a bird's sex, state of maturity, or social status; as reinforcement to the beak's structure; or as a resonance chamber, enhancing calls. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 02:43, 16 March 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30245038 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #723 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2026-03-16. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#722]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs: ** [https://almedaresearch.org/ The African Literary Metadata (ALMEDA) project] - The ALMEDA project’s key outcome is a linked, open, and searchable metadata repository—built from extensive cataloguing of previously uncatalogued materials and enriched through a user-friendly interface launching in 2025, designed to support ongoing growth beyond the project’s initial five-year funding. ** https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/03/13/structuring-dagbanli-on-wikidata-lexemes-senses-and-the-digraph-challenge/ * Papers: [https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.11767 Understanding Wikidata Qualifiers: An Analysis and Taxonomy] - This study develops a refined taxonomy of Wikidata qualifiers—based on their semantics, frequency, and diversity—to help contributors select appropriate qualifiers, improve querying and inference, and enhance knowledge graph design, ultimately offering a structured framework that covers the most important qualifiers and supports better recommendation systems. By Falquet & Aljalbout (2026). * Videos: [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=4ZQ67TzUJdM&pp=iggCQAE%3D LIVE Wikidata editing #118 at the Open Data Day] - Wikipedia Weekly Network: ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=KI936x_IBT0&pp=iggCQAE%3D Introduction to editing Wikidata on mobile] - Art + Feminism in Wikimedia Botswana ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=f1XtOtLzYDM&pp=iggCQAE%3D Queer women in the Arts (English): A panel discussion and Wikidata workshop] * Podcasts: [https://wikipediapodden.se/wikidata-notability-reform-356/ Wikipediapodden interviews Lydia Pintscher about the ongoing Wikidata notability reform] (also available on [[c:File:WP356 - Wikidata notability reform.mp3|Commons]]) * Notebooks: [https://observablehq.com/@pac02/who-gets-a-biography-on-french-language-wikipedia Who gets a biography on French-language Wikipedia?] A country-by-country portrait of biographical coverage for people born between 1950 and 2000. ''' Tool of the week ''' * [https://github.com/altilunium/wdquery Wdquery] : [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Wikibase_GraphQL GraphQL-powered] Wikidata item advanced search. ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * https://casier-politique.fr * [https://www.fornland.com Fornland]—aggregates over a million cultural heritage sites from Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Iceland, the Faroe Islands and Greenland into one interface, combining Wikidata and other sources . * [[m:Coolest Tool Award]] *The [[MW:Wikidata_Platform|WMF Wikidata Platform team]] has published its [[:Wikidata:Wikidata_Platform_team/Newsletter|March 2026 newsletter]]. To have new issues of the WDP '''monthly''' newsletter delivered to your user talk page, {{#tag:span| [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/WDP team updates|Subscribe to WDP newsletter!]] | style=background-color:#E7F527; border-radius:3px; font-size:90%; font-weight:bold;}} * Reminder that the 4 week grace period for switching to the v1 route for the [https://doc.wikimedia.org/Wikibase/master/js/rest-api/#/item%20search Wikibase REST API search endpoints] will end this week. The v0 route will be turned off and hence will no longer function. ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * Newest General datatypes: **[[:d:Property:P14182|river regime]] (<nowiki>predominant pattern of annual changes to a stream's discharge at a particular period</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14186|seat occupied]] (<nowiki>seat held by a person within an academy or other society</nowiki>) * Newest External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P14183|Génération Nintendo publisher ID]], [[:d:Property:P14184|KCI article ID]], [[:d:Property:P14185|‎LINCS ID]], [[:d:Property:P14187|radeberger-stadtgeschichte.de Object Identificator]], [[:d:Property:P14188|Flohic ID]], [[:d:Property:P14189|‎Vlaams Woordenboek ID]], [[:d:Property:P14191|‎Bach digital person ID]], [[:d:Property:P14192|‎Bach digital work ID]], [[:d:Property:P14193|Identificativo Antenati]], [[:d:Property:P14194|‎Liiga.fi player ID]], [[:d:Property:P14195|‎Pesistulokset.fi player ID]], [[:d:Property:P14196|‎Letterboxd producer ID]], [[:d:Property:P14197|Fragplace brands ID]], [[:d:Property:P14198|Fragplace fragrances ID]], [[:d:Property:P14199|Fragplace notes ID]], [[:d:Property:P14200|Fragplace perfumers ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/population pyramid|population pyramid]] (<nowiki>Age pyramid image for demography articles</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/StatsF1 ID|StatsF1 ID]] (<nowiki>Link to a Formula 1 specific database</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/maximum vehicle height|maximum vehicle height]] (<nowiki>maximum authorized height for vehicles (especially heavy goods vehicles) on a bridge, tunnel or road segment (regulatory limit from signage)</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Bibliografi.dk|Bibliografi.dk]] (<nowiki>Bibliografi.dk</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/PeerTube instance URL|PeerTube instance URL]] (<nowiki>the PeerTube instance of/about the subject</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Central Registration Number (Indonesia)|Central Registration Number (Indonesia)]] (<nowiki>primary service registration number assigned to a member of the Indonesian Armed Forces or Indonesian National Police</nowiki>) * New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Digital Public Good|Digital Public Good]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/LUBW-RIPS-Wasserkraftanlage-ID|LUBW-RIPS-Wasserkraftanlage-ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Identifiant QueenBallers.com d'une joueuse|Identifiant QueenBallers.com d'une joueuse]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Foto Atlas taxonomy ID|Foto Atlas taxonomy ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Brewver beer ID|Brewver beer ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Göteborgsalliansen|Göteborgsalliansen]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Consumer Rights Wiki article ID|Consumer Rights Wiki article ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Royal Air Force service number|Royal Air Force service number]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Identifiant d'une personne dans le Bianco|Identifiant d'une personne dans le Bianco]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Tajik-Russian Dictionary word ID|Tajik-Russian Dictionary word ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/AmericanAristocracy person ID|AmericanAristocracy person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/AmericanAristocracy house ID|AmericanAristocracy house ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Shinmei database ID|Shinmei database ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: {{Q|Q161672}} - Congolese politician and independence leader (1925–1961) ''' Development ''' * Mobile statement editing: ** If you have not tried it yet, now is an excellent time to turn it on in the beta features section of your preferences, test it and give feedback. ** We have added support for editing globe coordinate statements * Wikidata integration in the other Wikimedia projects: We are continuing to work on the issue of too many Wikidata in recent changes and watchlists on Wikipedia and co. We are currently prototyping a way to only consider changes that actually have an impact on the article ([[phab:T419823]]). We also finished the work on an emergency switch to turn off sending changes for qualifiers and references to Wikipedia and co in case of major database disruptions ([[phab:T412956]]). * Ontology federation: We are working towards getting the code for ontology federation (in its first version of using Wikidata Items as values on other Wikibase instances) ready for wider testing. [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Govdirectory/Bangladesh|Bangladesh]] * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] ·[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 15:35, 16 March 2026 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=30228490 --> == Tech News: 2026-12 == <section begin="technews-2026-W12"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/12|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]] beta feature, also known as [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror 6]], has been used for wikitext syntax highlighting since November 2024. It will be promoted out of beta by May 2026 in order to bring improvements and new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Features|features]] to all editors who use the standard syntax highlighter. If you have any questions or concerns about promoting the feature out of beta, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help talk:Extension:CodeMirror|please share]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T259059] * Some changes to local user groups are performed by stewards on Meta-Wiki and logged there only. Now, interwiki rights changes will be logged both on Meta-Wiki and the wiki of the target user to make it easier to access a full record of user's rights changes on a local wiki. Past log entries for such changes will be backfilled in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T6055] * On wikis using [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Flagged Revisions|Flagged Revisions]], the number of pending changes shown on [[{{#Special:PendingChanges}}]] previously counted pages which were no longer pending review, because they have been removed from the system without being reviewed, e.g. due to being deleted, moved to a different namespace, or due to wiki configuration changes. The count will be correct now. On some wikis the number shown will be much smaller than before. There should be no change to the list of pages itself. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413016] * Wikifunctions composition language has been rewritten, resulting in a new version of the language. This change aims to increase service stability by reducing the orchestrator's memory consumption. This rewrite also enables substantial latency reduction, code simplification, and better abstractions, which will open the door to later feature additions. Read more about [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-03-11|the changes]]. * Users can now sort search results alphabetically by page title. The update gives an additional option to finding pages more easily and quickly. Previously, results could be sorted by Edit date, Creation date, or Relevance. To use the new option, open 'Advanced Search' on the search results page and select 'Alphabetically' under 'Sorting Order'. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T403775] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:28}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:28|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the bug that prevented UploadWizard on Wikimedia Commons from importing files from Flickr has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419263] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * A new special page, [[{{#special:LintTemplateErrors}}]], has been created to list transcluded pages that are flagged as containing lint errors to help users discover them easily. The list is sorted by the number of transclusions with errors. For example: [[{{#special:LintTemplateErrors}}/night-mode-unaware-background-color]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T170874] * Users of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]] beta feature have been using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] instead of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]] for syntax highlighting when editing JavaScript, CSS, JSON, Vue and Lua content pages, for some time now. Along with promoting CodeMirror 6 out of beta, the plan is to replace CodeEditor as the standard editor for these content models by May 2026. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help talk:Extension:CodeMirror|Feedback or concerns are welcome]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419332] * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] JavaScript modules will soon be upgraded to CodeMirror 6. Leading up to the upgrade, loading the <code dir=ltr>ext.CodeMirror</code> or <code dir=ltr>ext.CodeMirror.lib</code> modules from gadgets and user scripts was deprecated in July 2025. The use of the <code dir=ltr>ext.CodeMirror.switch</code> hook was also deprecated in March 2025. Contributors can now make their scripts or gadgets compatible with CodeMirror 6. See the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror#Gadgets and user scripts|migration guide]] for more information. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373720] * The MediaWiki Interfaces team is expanding coverage of REST API module definitions to include [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:REST API/Extensions|extension APIs]]. REST API modules are groups of related endpoints that can be independently managed and versioned. Modules now exist for [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414470 GrowthExperiments] and [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419053 Wikifunctions] APIs. As we migrate extension APIs to this structure, documentation will move out of the main MediaWiki OpenAPI spec and REST Sandbox view, and will instead be accessible via module-specific options in the dropdown on the [https://test.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RestSandbox REST Sandbox] (i.e., [[{{#Special:RestSandbox}}]], available on all wiki projects). * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto|Scribunto]] extension provides different pieces of information about the wiki where the module is being used via the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual|mw.site]] library. Starting last week, the library also provides a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#mw.site.wikiId|way]] of accessing the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Wiki ID|wiki ID]] that can be used to facilitate cross-wiki module maintenance. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T146616] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.20|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Coolest Tool Award|2026 Coolest Tool Award]] celebrating outstanding community tools, is now open for nominations! Nominate your favorite tool using the [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/435684?lang=en nomination survey] form by 23 March 2026. For more information on privacy and data handling, please see the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Coolest_Tool_Award_2026_Survey_Privacy_Statement|survey privacy statement]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/12|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W12"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 19:33, 16 March 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30260505 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-13 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Etruscan sculpture]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Frontone A del grande tempio di luni con concilio degli dei, 175-150 ac. ca. 01.JPG|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Etruscan sculpture''' was one of the most important artistic expressions of the Etruscan people, who inhabited the regions of Northern Italy and Central Italy between about the 9th century BC and the 1st century BC. Etruscan art was largely a derivation of Greek art, although developed with many characteristics of its own. Given the almost total lack of Etruscan written documents, a problem compounded by the paucity of information on their language—still largely undeciphered—it is in their art that the keys to the reconstruction of their history are to be found, although Greek and Roman chronicles are also of great help. Like its culture in general, Etruscan sculpture has many obscure aspects for scholars, being the subject of controversy and forcing them to propose their interpretations always tentatively, but the consensus is that it was part of the most important and original legacy of Italian art and even contributed significantly to the initial formation of the artistic traditions of ancient Rome. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 02:07, 23 March 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30245038 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #724 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2026-03-23. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#723]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * New requests for permissions/Bot: ** [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Bot/AraBot|AraBot]] - Tasks: Adding Aragonese sitelinks and updating articles on [[w:an:|Aragonese Wikipedia]] with Wikidata's data. ** [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Bot/InventaireBot|InventaireBot]] - Task: Make automated edits generated by the inventaire.io (Q32193244) server and manual edits on behalf of users without a Wikidata account. * Closed request for permissions/Bot: [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Bot/DelintBot|DelintBot]] - Task: Fix [[mw:Help:Lint_errors|lint errors]] on pages across all namespaces where Wikitext can be written (namespaces not managed by Wikibase). * New request for comments: [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_comment/archive.today|archive.today]] - due to a [[w:Wikipedia:Requests_for_comment/Archive.is_RFC_5|RfC and policy on enwiki]], this discussion needs your input on whether Wikidata will continue listing archive.today links. * Ongoing request for comments: [[d:Wikidata:Requests for comment/Notability policy reform|Notability policy reform]] is looking for input about remaining questions around marginalized knowledge and external identifiers ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: (German) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=thXJ1XAbWJ0 Art History Loves Wiki im Museum Schnütgen, YouTube livestream] – 28 March 2026 (UTC+1): presentations by Lisa Dieckmann at 12.30 - 12.50 (“Bilder verknüpfen – prometheus, Normdaten und Wikidata”), Lucy Patterson & Lukas Fuchsgruber at 16.30 - 16.45 (“Kritische Arbeit mit Sammlungsdaten auf Wikidata”), and Max Kristen at 17.30 - 17.45 (“usefulQueries: Unkompliziert Kunstgeschichte in Wikidata erkunden”). ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs: ** [[DiffBlog:2026/03/13/structuring-dagbanli-on-wikidata-lexemes-senses-and-the-digraph-challenge|Structuring Dagbanli on Wikidata: Lexemes, Senses, and the Digraph Challenge]] by Masssly and Mohammed Awal Alhassan ** [https://stevehedden.medium.com/open-knowledge-graphs-a-search-engine-for-ontologies-controlled-vocabularies-and-semantic-web-cfcf32a5babe Open Knowledge Graphs: A Search Engine for Ontologies, Controlled Vocabularies, and Semantic Web Tools], by Steve Hedden ** (German) [https://blog.tib.eu/2026/03/16/erinnerungskultur-zum-mitmachen-eine-digitale-landkarte-zum-gestapoterror-in-niedersachsen/ Erinnerungskultur zum Mitmachen: eine digitale Landkarte zum Gestapoterror in Niedersachsen] by Gabriele Fahrenkrog * Papers: [https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.11767 Understanding Wikidata Qualifiers: An Analysis and Taxonomy] presents an analysis of Wikidata qualifiers, focusing on semantics and usage, in order to develop a taxonomy to help in selecting appropriate qualifiers, querying the knowledge graph, and making logical inferences. By Gilles Falquet and Sahar Aljalbout (2026). * Videos: ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cwzBfV2bg_g Creating a Wikidata item for a Historic Building] - OpenStreetMap for History Buffs gives a practical example of creating a Wikidata Item for a historic Irish building, but you can adapt it for other historical or archeological sites. ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XT27D-1JIUo&pp=ygUIV2lraWRhdGE%3D Introduction to Wikidata (Creating items, Statements & References)] - Africa Wiki Women continue their introductory series with trainer, Blessing Timothy. ** (French) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Eu0C1gWIgFQ Introduction à Wikidata] is also provided by Africa Wiki Women. ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xw5mfJRgFXk Simple steps to edit Wikidata Episode 1(WAMP)] - [[d:User:Dsp13|User:Dsp13]] of the Wiki Afrodemics Project covers a variety of topics to help new editors make meaningful contributions to Wikidata. ** (French) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1ZxnAI-PrK0 Introduction à la modification de Wikidata sur mobile] - Art+Feminism in partnership with WM Botswana provide a training session for mobile editing (with a focus on women artists, feminist movements and underrepresented cultural contributions). ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f1XtOtLzYDM Queer Women in the Arts]: Art+Feminism teamed up with WikiLGBT+ ([[m:Event:Queer_Women_in_Arts|Event page]]) for a panel discussion and Wikidata training centering on Queer Women in the Arts, in honour of International Women's Day. Also available in [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZcBCJzH9OUI Spanish] and [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ag5GyE7OtKI Portuguese]. ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0TXqT2ohfwE Wikidata tools: Pet Scan] - [[d:User:Epìdosis|User:Epìdosis]] introduces this handy tool that allows you to query and generate lists of Wikipedia pages or Wikidata items based on defined criteria such as Categories, Properties, Templates, and others. ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0hTQF3Mde30 Introduction to Wikidata & Property Dashboard] - ''Essential Wikidata Tools: Automating Your Workflow'' workshop given 13 March 2026. Hosted by Alan Ang, Camillo Pellizari, Pru Mitchell, and Taufik Rosman for the ESEAP community. ''' Tool of the week ''' * [https://property-helper.toolforge.org Wikidata Property Creation Helper] takes a property proposal page and translates it into a QuickStatements batch (and then a second one for the examples) that a property creator can use to quickly create a new property. By [[User:ArthurPSmith|ArthurPSmith]] ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * GraphQL API ongoing feedback: If you haven’t tried it yet, you can still explore it as a developer-friendly alternative to select WDQS features. Please Share your feedback on the [[d:Wikidata:Wikibase_GraphQL|project page]], or [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/GraphQLAPI/apply sign up] for deeper usability testing. ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/mass number|mass number]] (<nowiki>total number of baryons in an atomic nucleus</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/soil acidity preference|soil acidity preference]] (<nowiki>soil acidity preference of a plant species or lichen</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Diepkloof|Diepkloof]] (<nowiki>Place in Johannesburg, South Africa</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/paid-up capital|paid-up capital]] (<nowiki>portion of a company’s issued share capital that has been paid by shareholders</nowiki>) * New External identifier property proposals to review:: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Shinmei database ID|Shinmei database ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Kulturdenkmal-ID Baden-Württemberg|Kulturdenkmal-ID Baden-Württemberg]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Central Registration Number (Police)|Central Registration Number (Police)]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/NIP 9-digit|NIP 9-digit]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/MeetStadium ID|MeetStadium ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/indexxx.com performer ID|indexxx.com performer ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BGAFD actress ID|BGAFD actress ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Shellers From the Past ID|Shellers From the Past ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/معرف منشور في قاعدة بيانات معرفة|معرف منشور في قاعدة بيانات معرفة]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/London Book Trades ID|London Book Trades ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/KCI journal ID|KCI journal ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/KCI publisher ID|KCI publisher ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/PeerJ person ID|PeerJ person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BIORAB–FRANKFURT ID|BIORAB–FRANKFURT ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BIORAB–WEIMAR|BIORAB–WEIMAR]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BIORAB-KAISERREICH|BIORAB-KAISERREICH]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Wikiparfum perfume ingredient ID|Wikiparfum perfume ingredient ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Wikiparfum perfumer ID|Wikiparfum perfumer ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]]: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_LAGL|WikiProject LAGL]] (Linked Ancient and Greek Latin) has been established to develop guidelines for adding statements for ancient authors. * WikiProject Highlights: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_IDEA/Oral_Histories|WikiProject IDEA: Oral Histories]] - <small>''International (Digital) Dura-Europos Archive (IDEA)''</small> added a subpage for resources, guidelines and progress for adding oral history Items and Statements. * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: {{Q|Q3339328}} - worship of water oracles and associated cultural traditions among the Sawa ''' Development ''' * Infrastructure sustainability: We started working with a contractor to look at Wikidata's data storage to find opportunities for improving it. * Wikidata integration in the other Wikimedia projects: We are continuing the work on a prototype to compare a wiki page before and after it has been parsed to see if this is a feasible way to reduce the number of Wikidata changes in recent changes and watchlist that do not affect the article ([[phab:T419823]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] . [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] . [[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] ·[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 15:59, 23 March 2026 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=30228490 --> == Tech News: 2026-13 == <section begin="technews-2026-W13"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/13|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Wikimedia site users can now log in without a password using passkeys. This is a secure method supported by fingerprint, facial recognition, or PIN. With this change, all users who opt for passwordless login will find it easier, faster, and more secure to log in to their accounts using any device. The new passkey login option currently appears as an autofill suggestion in the username field. An additional [[phab:T417120|"Log in with passkey" button]] will soon be available for users who have already registered a passkey. This update will improve security and user experience. The [[c:File:Passwordless_login_screencast.webm|screen recording]] demonstrates the passwordless login process step by step. * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|All wikis will be read-only]] for a few minutes on Wednesday, 25 March 2026 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1774450800 15:00 UTC]. This is for the datacenter server switchover backup tests, [[wikitech:Deployments/Yearly calendar|which happen twice a year]]. During the switchover, all Wikimedia website traffic is shifted from one primary data center to the backup data center to test availability and prevent service disruption even in emergencies. '''Updates for editors''' * Wikimedia site users can now export their notifications older than 5 years using a [[toolforge:echo-chamber|new Toolforge tool]]. This will ensure that users retain their important notifications and avoid them being lost based on the planned change to delete notifications older than 5 years, as previously announced. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383948] * Wikipedia editors in Indonesian, Thai, Turkish, and Simple English now have access to Special:PersonalDashboard. This is an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools/Dashboard|early version of an experience]] that introduces newer editors to patrolling workflows, making it easier for them to move from making edits to participating in more advanced moderation work on their project. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402647] * The [[Special:Block]] now has two minor interface changes. Administrators can now easily perform indefinite blocks through a dedicated radio button in the expiry section. Also, choosing an indefinite expiry provides a different set of common reasons to select from, which can be changed at: [[MediaWiki:Ipbreason-indef-dropdown]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401823] * Mobile editors [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments#Logged-out|at several wikis]] can now see an improved logged-out edit warning, thanks to the recent updates from the Growth team. These changes released last week are part of ongoing efforts and tests to enhance [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments|account creation experience on mobile]] and then increase participation. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T408484] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:36}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:36|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the bug that prevented mobile web users from seeing the block information when affected by multiple blocks has been fixed. They can now see messages of all the blocks currently affecting them when they access Wikipedia. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Images built using Toolforge will soon get the upgraded buildpacks version, bringing support for newer language versions and other upstream improvements and fixes. If you use Toolforge Build Service, review the recent [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/cloud-announce@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/EMYTA32EV2V5SQ2JIEOD2CL66YFIZEKV/ cloud-announce email] and update your build configuration as necessary to ensure your tools are compatible. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Toolforge/Building_container_images&oldid=2392097#Buildpack_environment_upgrade_process][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380127] * The [https://api.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page API Portal] documentation wiki will shut down in June 2026. API keys created on the API Portal will continue to work normally. api.wikimedia.org endpoints will be deprecated gradually starting in July 2026. Documentation on the API Portal is moving to [[mw:Wikimedia APIs|mediawiki.org]]. Learn more on the [[wikitech:API Portal/Deprecation|project page]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.21|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes|WMDE Technical Wishes]] is considering improvements to [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names|automatically generated reference names in VisualEditor]]. Please check out the [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names#Proposed solutions|proposed solutions]] and participate in the [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names#Request for comment|request for comment]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/13|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W13"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 16:48, 23 March 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30268305 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-14 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Pulse (nightclub)]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Orlando FL Pulse Nightclub01.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Pulse''' was a gay bar, dance club, and nightclub in Orlando, Florida, founded in 2004 by Barbara Poma and Ron Legler. On June 12, 2016, the club was the scene of the second-deadliest mass shooting by a single gunman in U.S. history, and the second-deadliest terrorist attack on U.S. soil since the September 11 attacks. Forty-nine people were killed and 58 other people were injured. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 02:37, 30 March 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30306870 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #725 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2026-03-30. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#724]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * New requests for permissions/Bot: ** [[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Bot/Thetalentone|Thetalentone]] - Tasks: Adding and updating references, qualifiers, publication dates, and provenance on my own personal and company items ([[Q138324775]] and [[Q138324581]]) to improve entity confidence for Google Knowledge Graph. Small batches only, no edits to unrelated items. ** [[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Bot/Dušan Kreheľ (bot)|Dušan Kreheľ]] - Task: Sitelinks existing and newly created municipality pages on hrwiki and Wikidata. * New request for comments: [[Wikidata:Requests for comment/Mass-editing policy]] has a new proposal incorporating feedback and is awaiting votes. ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: ** The next [[d:Wikidata:Events#Office_hours|Wikidata+Wikibase office hours]] will take place on Wednesday, [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1775664000 18:00 CEST], 08th April 2026 in the [https://t.me/joinchat/IeCRo0j5Uag1qR4Tk8Ftsg Wikidata Telegram group]. The Wikidata and Wikibase office hours are online events where the development team presents what they have been working on over the past quarter, and the community is welcome to ask questions and discuss important issues related to the development of Wikidata and Wikibase. ** [[m:Event:Wiki_Mentor_Africa_-_Women_Tech_Summit_(WMA-WTS)/en|Wiki Mentor Africa - Women Tech Summit]] takes place until 20:00 CET, 30 May 2026. ** "Wikidata in der Sammlungserschließung" (free online event in German on how GLAM institutions can use Wikidata, 20 April 2026, 10-11:30 CET, organized by [[d:Q51845259| Research and Competence Centre Digitalisation Berlin (Q51845259)]]. More info and registration [https://www.digis-berlin.de/workshop-wikidata-fuer-die-sammlungserschliessung-am-20-04/ here]. ** '''Wikidata Ontology Course''': The second offering of the Wikidata ontology course will be given in May and June 2026, with sessions 1-3 pm EDT (UTC-4) on Thursdays. The Wikidata ontology provides structure and organization for the rest of Wikidata and is thus fundamental to Wikidata. The course starts with the basic notions underlying the Wikidata ontology and goes on to cover querying using SPARQL, inference, constraints, advanced ontology notions, problems with the ontology, and other ontology-related aspects of Wikidata. Participants in the course are expected to complete weekly exercise sets and a project. More information on the course can be found at [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Ontology/Ontology_Course|WikiProject Ontology/Ontology Course]]. To register for this offering fill in and submit the [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdlZ0r69Mkkfa_SWSdQPMNdVMKnae7-sIOyPuANVjFI4FRq0w/viewform Google form]. ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs: ** [https://www.opensanctions.org/articles/2026-03-24-poliloom/ Wikidata contains many gaps in its political data. We’ve built a tool to change that (PoliLoom)] ** [https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/from-summer-school-idea-eswc-paper-teaching-ai-repair-wikidata-zxxaf/ From a summer school idea to an ESWC paper: Teaching AI to “repair” Wikidata] * Papers: **[https://rubensworks.github.io/article-did-llms-kill-sparql-federation/ Did AI Crawlers Kill SPARQL Federation?], including Wikidata examples ** [https://www.emerald.com/dlp/article/doi/10.1108/DLP-11-2025-0265/1352756/Gender-and-intersectional-bias-in-featured Gender and intersectional bias in featured biographies on the front page of the Italian edition of Wikipedia, 2014–2024 Open Access] - Wikidata featured heavily in the design and methodology. By Rovira et al., (2026). * Videos: ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5KydQwvBelQ Adding architectural data to a Wikidata item for a Historic Building] from OpenStreetMap for History Buffs. ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0h1KxXnaJrk Live Wikidata Editing #119] - Ainali and Abbe98 are back to edit Wikidata and explain their thinking along the way. ** (Spanish) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W37StgITf0Y Wikidata and the public domain] - Tools for bulk editing in Wikidata: Mix n Match and QuickStatements, last class of a [https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLmjmrXGUFVlJOyYM3S6CBdNFszYI4FwcM 9-part series] provided by Jorge Gemetto. ** (German) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=thXJ1XAbWJ0 Art History Loves Wiki im Museum Schnütgen], day 2, digital/local collection loves wiki. ** (German) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rN19MWWtif8 Von OpenStreetMap zu semantisch vernetzten Wissensgraphen] FOSSGIS 2026 Conference. ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=76wkepRUZLg Using Wikibase as an Integration Platform] with Matthew Ong. Originally given at the Digital Classicist Seminar Berlin, 19 November 2024. ''' Tool of the week ''' * [https://wikivisage.toolforge.org/ WikiVisage] - Train a machine learning model to detect depicted subjects in Wikimedia Commons images and assist with adding the P180 (depicts) property. * [https://yesterdays.maprva.org/subjects/ Yesterdays] - A web platform for cataloging and georeferencing historical images of Richmond, Virginia. It uses Wikidata items to help organize the georeferenced images. ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * Mobile editing user testing: join the participant panel: Wikimedia Deutschland is planning new user tests for the mobile editing experience (including more data types as a beta feature) in late April–early May. Participants of all experience levels are welcome, and users of right‑to‑left scripts are especially encouraged to sign up. Register [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/bo2e7e2a/apply here]. Participants will be compensated for their time. ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * Newest General datatypes: **[[:d:Property:P14223|Digital Public Good ID]] (<nowiki>identifier of a digital public good in the Digital Public Goods Registry</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14226|apportionment diagram]] (<nowiki>image that displays the representation of seats won by party in an election to an assembly</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14251|peer-review process for scholarly journals or publications]] (<nowiki>''(without English description)''</nowiki>) *Newest External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P14201|‎X Games athlete ID (new)]], [[:d:Property:P14202|AIK soccer player ID]], [[:d:Property:P14203|‎Uitleenwoordenbank ID]], [[:d:Property:P14205|abadis.ir word ID]], [[:d:Property:P14206|‎AmericanAristocracy house ID]], [[:d:Property:P14207|‎AmericanAristocracy person ID]], [[:d:Property:P14208|British Newspaper Archive publication ID]], [[:d:Property:P14209|‎Buitenlandse aardrijkskundige namen in het Nederlands ID]], [[:d:Property:P14210|Landskrona BoIS player ID]], [[:d:Property:P14211|Library of the University of Santiago de Compostela authority ID]], [[:d:Property:P14212|‎DBNL place ID]], [[:d:Property:P14213|Faulhaber edition ID]], [[:d:Property:P14214|Foto Atlas taxonomy ID]], [[:d:Property:P14215|‎Integbio Database Catalog ID]], [[:d:Property:P14216|‎KCUE academy ID]], [[:d:Property:P14217|‎LibriVox reader ID]], [[:d:Property:P14220|‎Manga-DB person ID]], [[:d:Property:P14221|‎Manga-DB magazine ID]], [[:d:Property:P14222|‎Manga-DB publisher ID]], [[:d:Property:P14224|Digital Public Goods Registry]], [[:d:Property:P14225|NSK ID]], [[:d:Property:P14227|Tribuna.com football players ID]], [[:d:Property:P14228|Sport Express person ID]], [[:d:Property:P14229|‎Open Food Facts brand ID]], [[:d:Property:P14230|‎RITVA company ID]], [[:d:Property:P14231|OldRacingCars.com drivers ID]], [[:d:Property:P14232|‎Spellingwijzer Onze Taal ID]], [[:d:Property:P14233|‎EpiMedDat ID]], [[:d:Property:P14234|‎Pinkhof ID]], [[:d:Property:P14235|‎Scheikunde ID]], [[:d:Property:P14236|‎Movist person ID]], [[:d:Property:P14237|‎ISSN-H]], [[:d:Property:P14238|Names, Persons, and Groups of People of the Middle Ages ID]], [[:d:Property:P14239|‎Parlement.com object ID]], [[:d:Property:P14240|wikiru.jp wiki ID]], [[:d:Property:P14241|BGAFD actress ID]], [[:d:Property:P14243|IFK Norrköping player]], [[:d:Property:P14244|‎LINE official account ID]], [[:d:Property:P14245|Norwegian war prisoner histories ID]], [[:d:Property:P14246|‎indexxx.com performer ID]], [[:d:Property:P14247|SetesdalWiki ID]], [[:d:Property:P14248|‎Shellers From the Past ID]], [[:d:Property:P14249|‎SocioMap ID]], [[:d:Property:P14250|Publication ID in e-Marefa database]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/civil service position level|civil service position level]] (<nowiki>classification level of a civilian public service position within a government administrative hierarchy</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Usenet newsgroup|Usenet newsgroup]] (<nowiki>Usenet newsgroup associated with the item</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/predicted winning party|predicted winning party]] (<nowiki>the party predicted to win an election, according to some source</nowiki>) * New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Numen ID|Numen ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/member of the Azorean assembly ID|member of the Azorean assembly ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/identifiant Rappels d'une personne|identifiant Rappels d'une personne]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Identifiant dans la base de noms France Archives|Identifiant dans la base de noms France Archives]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Anarâš aavis topic ID|Anarâš aavis topic ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Perfumery Glossary ingredient ID|Perfumery Glossary ingredient ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/MangaBaka manga ID|MangaBaka manga ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/JVID performer ID|JVID performer ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/PlayStation Trophies achievement ID|PlayStation Trophies achievement ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BERON lexeme ID|BERON lexeme ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]]: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Hogback|WikiProject Hogback]] - Hogbacks are a type of gravestone marker used in 10th - 12th Century Northern England. * WikiProject Highlights: ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_University_of_Otago_WMIR/WikiProject_Books_of_Mana|University of Otago/Books of Mana]] ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_sum_of_all_paintings/Collection/Schnütgen_Museum|Schnütgen Museum Collection/Sum of all paintings]] ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Govdirectory/United_Nations|Govdirectory/United Nations]] ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Nonprofit_Organizations|Nonprofit Organisations]] * Newest [[d:Wikidata:Database reports|database reports]]: [[d:Wikidata:Database_reports/items_with_P569%3DP570|Humans with the same date of birth year (P569) and date of death year (P570)]]. * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: [[d:Q275180|Australia (Q275180)]] - 2008 film by Baz Luhrmann * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase Lexemes]]: [[d:Lexeme:L737913|viɛla]] - Dagbanli adjective (of quality that is pleasing to human senses). ''' Development ''' * Wikibase GraphQL: We added support for a number of additional datatypes and started working on the functionality for querying Items by the external ID statement values or site links. * Mobile editing of statements: We spent time testing the current state and fixing remaining issues we found. [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Govdirectory/Mongolia|Mongolia]] * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] . [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] . [[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] ·[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 15:31, 30 March 2026 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=30329875 --> == Tech News: 2026-14 == <section begin="technews-2026-W14"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/14|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The Beta version of [[abstract:|Abstract Wikipedia]] a new Wikimedia project which is language-independent, was launched last week. The project allows communities to build Wikipedia articles in their native language, which can be readily accessed by other users in their own languages. The wiki is powered by instructions from Wikifunctions and also based on structured content from Wikidata. [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-03-26|Read more]]. '''Updates for editors''' * The Growth team is running an A/B test to evaluate a clearer, more user-friendly message that promotes account creation on wikis. Currently when logged-out mobile users begin editing, they see a jarring warning message that can feel abrupt and discouraging. This also presents temporary account editing as the default rather than encouraging account creation. The test is running on ten Wikipedias, including Arabic, French, Spanish and German. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments#2. Improve logged-out warning message (T415160)|Read more]]. * The Wikimedia Apps team is inviting feedback on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Future of Editing on the Mobile Apps|how editing should work on the Wikipedia mobile apps]]. The discussion focuses on improving how users access editing tools when they tap "Edit". This is part of a broader effort to convert readers who develop an interest in editing, to access a more user-friendly pathway to start contributing. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:45}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:45|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where citation fetching from the large newspaper archive [https://www.newspapers.com Newspapers.com] was no longer working, due to a block in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Citoid|Citoid]] requests, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419903] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.22|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/14|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W14"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 19:22, 30 March 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30329462 --> == ''The Signpost'': 31 March 2026 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[File:WikipediaSignpostIcon.svg|40px|right]] ''News, reports and features from the English Wikipedia's newspaper''</div> <div style="column-count:2;"> * News and notes: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-03-31/News and notes|Entirety of Wikinews to be shut down]] * In the media: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-03-31/In the media|AI ban, newspapers disrupt archiving; and antisemitism complaints]] * Community view: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-03-31/Community view|Videos from WikiConference North America 2025 in NYC]] * Disinformation report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-03-31/Disinformation report|Cleaning up after Jeffrey Epstein, Peter Nygard, and Mohamed Al-Fayed]] * WikiConference report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-03-31/WikiConference report|WikiConference North America 2025 in NYC review]] * Obituary: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-03-31/Obituary|Dr. Subas Chandra Rout]] * Traffic report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-03-31/Traffic report|Call in the dogs of war, soldier of fortune]] * Gallery: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-03-31/Gallery|Canadian Rangers participate in Operation ''Enduring Encyclopedia'']] * Comix: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-03-31/Comix|n00bsitting]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost|Read this Signpost in full]]''' · [[w:en:Wikipedia:Signpost/Single|Single-page]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Signpost|Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] 10:08, 31 March 2026 (UTC) <!-- Sent via script ([[w:en:User:JPxG/SPS]]) --></div> <!-- Message sent by User:JPxG@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Signpost&oldid=30329870 --> == This Month in Education: March 2026 == <div class="plainlinks" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 15 • Issue 3 • March 2026</span> <div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/March 2026|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/March 2026/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div> <div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div> <div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;"> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Advancing 21st-Century Education: Proposal to Establish the Yorùbá Wikipedia Fan Club at Arolu College of Education, Ilemona|Advancing 21st-Century Education: Proposal to Establish the Yorùbá Wikipedia Fan Club at Arolu College of Education, Ilemona]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Awareness Programme on Language and Culture Protection by KWUG|Awareness Programme on Language and Culture Protection by KWUG]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Teachers from Various Institutions in Rio de Janeiro Explore Wikipedia as a Means of Preserving Memory and Checking Sources|Teachers from Various Institutions in Rio de Janeiro Explore Wikipedia as a Means of Preserving Memory and Checking Sources]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Edu Wiki Nigeria Co-Founder Facilitates Textbook Donation to AHAJAS Integrated School, Gombe|Edu Wiki Nigeria Co-Founder Facilitates Textbook Donation to AHAJAS Integrated School, Gombe]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Inside Wikimedia Ukraine's education program|Inside Wikimedia Ukraine's education program]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Karavali Wikimedians at Mangaluru Design Summit 2026|Karavali Wikimedians at Mangaluru Design Summit 2026]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/One School, One Article Campaign Wrap Up|One School, One Article Campaign Wrap Up]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Seeds of Knowledge: A Wiki Project that Sparked a Community at ADUN|Seeds of Knowledge: A Wiki Project that Sparked a Community at ADUN]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Student workshops at Serbian Universities: enriching Wikipedia with topics on culture and technology|Student workshops at Serbian Universities: enriching Wikipedia with topics on culture and technology]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/The Open Knowledge Alliance: Wikimedia and Libraries|The Open Knowledge Alliance: Wikimedia and Libraries]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Wikimedia CR published updated guide for beginners|Wikimedia CR published updated guide for beginners]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Wikimedia goes back to the classroom in Brazil|Wikimedia goes back to the classroom in Brazil]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Workshop on Feminism and Folklore 2026 by Wiki Club SATI|Workshop on Feminism and Folklore 2026 by Wiki Club SATI]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/“Wikimedia MKD in Action: Teacher Conferences and Education Activities|“Wikimedia MKD in Action: Teacher Conferences and Education Activities]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Wikipedia & Libraries: Building New Contributors|Wikipedia & Libraries: Building New Contributors]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 10:21, 1 April 2026 (UTC)</div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&oldid=30317659 --> == CEE Newsletter is out now! == Dear all, The first CEE Newsletter issue of 2026 is now live, and we are happy to share it with you. The past few months have been anything but quiet across our region. From Wikimedia CEE Spring and the CEE Women Campaign, to cross-border collaborations, youth initiatives, and new ideas taking shape, there is a lot happening -- and this issue brings together many of those stories in one place. You will find highlights from community activities, updates from the CEE Hub, international news, and a wide range of contributions from across the region. It is a good snapshot of what we have been working on together at the start of the year. As always, thank you to everyone who contributed -- by writing, sharing updates, or supporting behind the scenes. Take a moment to explore the issue and see what is going on across the region: https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/CEE/Newsletter/March_2026 As always, we have prepared a Russian version of the same issue: https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/CEE/Newsletter/March_2026/ru Happy reading! On behalf of the CEE Newsletter team, Karo <!-- Message sent by User:KGruszczyk-CEEhub@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/CEE&oldid=30270755 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-15 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Tofana di Rozes]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Tofana di Rozes 04.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Tofana di Rozes''' (3,225 metres (10,581 ft)) is a mountain of the Dolomites in the Province of Belluno, Veneto, Italy. Located west of the resort of Cortina d'Ampezzo, the mountain's giant three-edged pyramid shape and its vertical south face, above the Falzarego Pass, makes it the most popular peak in the Tofane group, and one of the most popular in the Dolomites. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 12:27, 6 April 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30306870 --> == Tech News: 2026-15 == <section begin="technews-2026-W15"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/15|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] now includes a new group goal-setting feature, enabling organizers to set and track event goals such as the number of articles created and participating contributors in real time. Similarly, participants can work toward shared targets and see their collective impact as the event unfolds. The feature is now available on all Wikimedia wikis. Learn more in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents/Registration/Collaborative contributions#Goal setting|the documentation]]. * [[File:Maki-gift-15.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] The new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Watchlist labels|watchlist labels]] feature (announced in [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/07|Tech News 2026-07]]) is now available via VisualEditor, the source editor, and the 'watchstar' (or watch link, for skins that don't have a star icon). Previously it was only possible to assign labels via [[Special:EditWatchlist|EditWatchlist]]. In all three places it is a new field following the expiry field. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where talk pages on mobile with Parsoid are unusable after empty section headers, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419171] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|sub-referencing feature]], which lets editors add details to an existing reference without duplicating it, will be gradually rolled out to [[phab:T414094|more wikis]] later this year. Wikis using the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reference Tooltips|Reference Tooltips]] gadget are encouraged to update their version (typically at [[m:MediaWiki:Gadget-ReferenceTooltips.js|MediaWiki:Gadget-ReferenceTooltips.js]] as shown [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=1344408362 here]) to ensure compatibility. Other reference-related gadgets may also be affected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416304] * All Wikinews editions will be closed and switched to read-only mode on 4 May 2026. Content will remain accessible, but no new edits or articles can be added. This closure was approved by the Board of Trustees of the Wikimedia Foundation following extended discussions. [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard#Board of Trustees Approves Closure of Wikinews|Read more]]. * The [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:Action API|Action API]] has had several formats for requested output. One of them, <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>format=php</nowiki></code></bdi>, is being removed soon. Please ensure your scripts or bots use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:Data formats#Output|JSON format]]. This removal should affect very few scripts and bots. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T118538] * The [[Special:NamespaceInfo|Special:NamespaceInfo]] page now includes namespace aliases. For example "WP" for the "Project" ("Wikipedia") namespace on the German Wikipedia. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T381455] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.23|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/15|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W15"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 16:16, 6 April 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30362761 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #726 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2026-04-07. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#725]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Oversight: [[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Oversight/EPIC (2)|EPIC (2)]] (RfP scheduled to end at 9 April 2026 12:35 UTC) * New requests for permissions/Bot: **[[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Bot/ChooseLocal|ChooseLocal]] - '''Task/s:''' Read-only harvest of Wikidata entities (businesses, banks, etc.) by country, for use in a Canadia-centric local business directory. **[[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Bot/JigildikBot|JigildikBot]] - '''Task/s:''' Sitelink Management: Connecting newly created articles on kaa.wiki to their corresponding Wikidata items using Pywikibot. Label and Description Updates: Adding or updating Karakalpak (kaa) labels and descriptions for various items (especially geographical and biographical items) using OpenRefine. **[[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Bot/JJPMaster (bot)|JJPMaster (bot)]] - '''Task/s:''' Automatically add sitelinks for Abstract Wikipedia articles **[[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Bot/TracklisterBot|TracklisterBot]] - '''Task/s:''' Adding missing external identifiers to Wikidata items for music artists, sourced from Tracklister ([[Q138905706]]), a music database that aggregates data from 20+ platforms. Properties: Discogs artist ID ([[Property:P1953|P1953]]), Spotify artist ID ([[Property:P1902|P1902]]), SoundCloud ID ([[Property:P3040|P3040]]), Bandcamp ID ([[Property:P3283|P3283]]), Beatport artist ID ([[Property:P5765|P5765]]), Deezer artist ID ([[Property:P2722|P2722]]), Last.fm ID ([[Property:P3192|P3192]]), AllMusic artist ID ([[Property:P1728|P1728]]), Apple Music artist ID ([[Property:P2850|P2850]]), Tidal artist ID ([[Property:P11853|P11853]]). Each claim includes a reference with stated in: Tracklister + reference URL pointing to the artist's page on tracklist.live. * Closed request for permissions/Bot: [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Bot/Dušan_Kreheľ_(bot)|Dušan Kreheľ (bot)]] (approved) ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: ** The next [[d:Wikidata:Events#Office_hours|Wikidata+Wikibase office hours]] will take place on Wednesday, [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1775664000 18:00 CEST], 08th April 2026 in the [https://t.me/joinchat/IeCRo0j5Uag1qR4Tk8Ftsg Wikidata Telegram group]. The Wikidata and Wikibase office hours are online events where the development team presents what they have been working on over the past quarter, and the community is welcome to ask questions and discuss important issues related to the development of Wikidata and Wikibase. ** [[Event:Blazegraph_Migration_Office_Hours_-_April_2026| Blazegraph Migration Office Hours]]: Blazegraph migeration office hours April edition is today, 7th January, {{zonestamp|2026-03-27 16:00|16:00 UTC}}. These sessions focus exclusively on supporting the migration away from Blazegraph as the backend of the Wikidata Query Service (WDQS). [[Event:Blazegraph_Migration_Office_Hours_-_April_2026|See the office hour page for details and future sessions]]. ** [https://wissenschaftliche-sammlungen.de/de/termine/digis-workshop-wikidata-fuer-die-sammlungserschliessung digiS Workshop: Wikidata für die Sammlungserschließung] - 20 April 2026, 10.00 CEST (08:00 UTC), this online workshop (held in German) will practice Wikidata skills across SPARQL, OpenRefine and QuickStatements with a focus on using Wikidata for GLAM Institutions. To register, visit the link. ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs: ** [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/04/04/wikidata-graphs-for-data-visualisation-of-endangered-horse-breeds-in-wikipedia/ Wikidata graphs for data visualisation of endangered horse breeds in Wikipedia] By Tsaag Valren ** [[:w:fr:Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2026-04-05#L'Atelier|Does country of birth have an effect on the probability to have a biography in French-language Wikipedia?]] (Le pays de naissance a-t-il un effet sur les chances d'avoir une biographie sur Wikipédia ?), published in RAW-Regards sur l'actualité de Wikimedia in Wikipedia in French. ** (German) [[WMDEblog:2026/04/01/wikidata-ist-teil-von-wikimedia-enterprise|Wikidata ist ein teil von Wikimedia Enterprise]] - an update from Wikimedia Germany on Wikidata's inclusion with Wikimedia Enterprise. ** (German) [https://nearby.hypotheses.org/5479 How to edit nearby: Notizen für regionale Open GLAM-Labore und offene Daten] by Jens Bemme. ** [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/03/17/building-the-dagbanli-dictionarys-audio-pipeline-ogg-ios-and-transcoding/ Building the Dagbanli Dictionary’s Audio Pipeline: OGG, iOS, and Transcoding], by Mohammed Sadat Abdulai and Mohammed Awal Alhassan * Papers: ** [https://arxiv.org/html/2604.02618v1 OntoKG: Ontology-Oriented Knowledge Graph Construction with Intrinsic-Relational Routing] by Li ''et al.,'' (2026), includes a case study of cleaning and resolving entity labels and descriptions from a 100 million entity dump. ** [https://arxiv.org/html/2603.29801v1 ENEIDE: A High Quality Silver Standard Dataset for Named Entity Recognition and Linking in Historical Italian] by Santinia ''et al.,'' (2026), the ENEIDE dataset links over 2000 historical documents to 8,000+ Wikidata entities. ** [https://arxiv.org/html/2603.29336v1#S6 CADEL: A Corpus of Administrative Web Documents for Japanese Entity Linking] by Higashiyama ''et al.,'' (2026) * Videos: ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fDdGRXSOP24 Using content from Wikidata in your apps], lightning talk by Jan Ainali ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=7cJNk2cZzBg&pp=0gcJCcQBo7VqN5tDiggCQAE%3D 2025: OpenStreetMap x Wikidata Collaboration: Taiwan Case] ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=9ZaBKr5pCLc&pp=iggCQAE%3D 2025: The Ugandan Geo Quests: Mapping Libraries and Museums into the Knowledge Commons] ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=GomBxbkXZ00&pp=0gcJCcQBo7VqN5tDiggCQAE%3D Using Wikidata for data enrichment in museums] ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=sOCYi3IJN3s&pp=iggCQAE%3D Art + Feminism | Introduction to Wikidata – Module 1: What is Wikidata & Why Does It Matter?] ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=UPea-60l3tA&pp=iggCQAE%3D Art + Feminism | Introduction to Wikidata – Module 2: Wikidata Building Blocks] ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=lZdxNb-5Slw&pp=iggCQAE%3D Art + Feminism | Introduction to Wikidata – Module 3: Create an Account & Your First Edits] ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=HsuydHCnpAE&pp=iggCQAE%3D Art + Feminism | Introduction to Wikidata – Module 4: First Edits: Adding References] ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=Y5L7Htxi3Vs&pp=iggCQAE%3D Art + Feminism | Introduction to Wikidata – Module 5: Creating a New Item] ''' Tool of the week ''' * [https://wq42.toolforge.org/ An AI chat interface to Wikidata] by Santhosh Thottingal is a tool that gives answers to almost everything on Wikidata ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * Mobile editing user testing: Wikimedia Deutschland is planning new user tests for the mobile editing experience (including more data types as a beta feature) in late April–early May. Participants of all experience levels are welcome, and users of right‑to‑left scripts are especially encouraged to sign up. Register [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/bo2e7e2a/apply here]. Participants will be compensated for their time. * Wikidata's data is now also available via Wikimedia Enterprise APIs. ([https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/wikidata-api-endpoints-wikimedia-enterprise/ Wikimedia Enterprise blog post], [[d:Wikidata:Project chat#Wikidata’s data will be available through Wikimedia Enterprise|WMDE announcement]]) * [[d:Wikidata:Vector_Database|Wikidata embedding]]: The vectors of the embedding are now also published. * (Job vacancy) [https://job-boards.greenhouse.io/wikimedia/jobs/7543775?gh_src=94cfded01us&utm_source=MyJobMag: Engineering Manager, Wikidata Platform] (WMF) * (Job vacancy in Indonesian) [https://wikimedia.or.id/karier/lowongan-pemagang-data-dan-teknologi-wikimedia-indonesia-2026/ Wikimedia Indonesia: Data and Technology Apprenticeship Vacancy, April-June 2026] - apply by April 10. Duties include recording Wikidata editing tutorial videos, prepare datathons and training materials and events. * Research workshop on content verifiability in Wikidata: Researchers from King's College London (in partnership with the Wikimedia Foundation) invite Wikidata contributors of all experience levels to a 2‑hour online workshop. Participants receive £90 compensation. [[m:Research:Participatory Auditing AI Tools for Information Verifiability|Research details and registration]]. ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * Newest General datatypes: **[[:d:Property:P14254|regional conservation status]] (<nowiki>conservation status of species in national or regional Red List publications that follow the IUCN red list criteria</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14256|‎PeerTube instance URL]] (<nowiki>the PeerTube instance of/about the subject</nowiki>) * Newest External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P14252|PeerJ person ID]], [[:d:Property:P14253|‎RITVA corporate body ID]], [[:d:Property:P14255|‎Royal Air Force service number]], [[:d:Property:P14257|LUBW-RIPS hydroelectric power station-ID]], [[:d:Property:P14258|Biorab-Frankfurt ID]], [[:d:Property:P14259|‎Minfin company ID for banks]], [[:d:Property:P14260|Wikiparfum perfumer ID]], [[:d:Property:P14261|Cultural heritage ID in Baden-Württemberg]], [[:d:Property:P14262|MangaBaka manga ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Wikimedia Commons content descriptor|Wikimedia Commons content descriptor]] (<nowiki>Wikimedia Commons content descriptor which applies to this media file</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/energy density|energy density]] (<nowiki>amount of energy extractable from a substance (e.g. in a combustion engine) per unit of volume or of mass</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/main page URL|main page URL]] (<nowiki>link to main page or item on website</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Bayerische Naturdenkmal-ID|Bayerische Naturdenkmal-ID]] (<nowiki>identifier for natural monuments in Bavaria (Germany), issued by the Bayerisches Landesamt für Umwelt</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/election result|election result]] (<nowiki>map that displays the result of this election</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/meta-category for|meta-category for]] (<nowiki>topic or class of items covered by the lowest categories in this meta-category's hierarchy</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Cast|Cast]] (<nowiki>Cast</nowiki>) * New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Mainline Station Heritage Artefacts Collection ID|Mainline Station Heritage Artefacts Collection ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/lit.link ID|lit.link ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/WikiKids page ID|WikiKids page ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/KuLaDig ID|KuLaDig ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Wikiparfum brand ID|Wikiparfum brand ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Turkey district ID|Turkey district ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Turkey province ID|Turkey province ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/OSDev|OSDev]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Giant Bomb Wiki ID|Giant Bomb Wiki ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Myrotvorets ID|Myrotvorets ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Fraktionsprotokolle.de-ID|Fraktionsprotokolle.de-ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/KISTI article ID|KISTI article ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Irish State Administration Database Unit ID|Irish State Administration Database Unit ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Hessische Parlamentarismusgeschichte Abgeordneten-ID|Hessische Parlamentarismusgeschichte Abgeordneten-ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ocremix.org game ID|ocremix.org game ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Tube8 ID|Tube8 ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/YourPorn ID|YourPorn ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: [https://w.wiki/KssE Wikispecies pages linked to Wikidata items via a specific property] (example given: Family Name <small>''(Q101352)''</small>) - ([[d:Wikidata:Request_a_query#Wikispecies_page_linked_to_a_items_with_a_specific_property|source]]) * Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]]: ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Salon_de_Paris|Salon de Paris]] - a list of annual temporary exhibitions usually held in the Salon Carré of the Louvre Palace. ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Mesocosms|Mesocosms]] - about modelling research infrastructure, processes and outcomes involving use of [[d:Q138857216|mesocosm (Q138857216)]] ''(experimental system to examine the natural environment under controlled conditions).'' ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Indonesia/Kegiatan/Datathon/Arsip/2025|Archive WikiProject for Wikimedia Indonesia February 2025 Datahon]] * WikiProject Highlights: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Govdirectory/Eswatini|Govdirectory: Eswatini]] * Newest [[d:Wikidata:Database reports|database reports]]: [[d:Wikidata:Database_reports/badged_items_without_claims|Badged Items without Claims]] - this report lists items that have received a badge (such as Good / Featured Article) but have 0 statements. * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: [[d:Q337480|Académie Julian (Q337480)]] - former art school in Paris, France * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase Lexemes]]: [[d:Lexeme:L724819|kurugu (L724819)]] - Dagbanli noun that translate to English as metal, harem trousers, hour or coin. ''' Development ''' * Wikidata integration in the other Wikimedia projects: We are continuing to investigate how to reduce the number of irrelevant changes showing up in Recent changes and Watchlist by seeing if we can compare the articles before and after the Wikidata change and detect a change in the article ([[phab:T419823]]) * GraphQL: You can now do lookups using itemByExternalId and itemBySitelink * Mobile statement editing: We worked on fixing remaining bugs ([[phab:T420585 ]], [[phab:T420028]], [[phab:T419586]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Govdirectory/Eswatini|Eswatini]] * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] . [[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] ·[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 14:56, 7 April 2026 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=30329875 --> == ''This Month in GLAM'': March 2026 == {| style="width:100%;" | valign="top" align="center" style="border:1px gray solid; padding:1em;" | {| align="center" |- | style="text-align: center;" | [[File:This Month in GLAM logo 2018.png|350px|center|link=outreach:GLAM/Newsletter]]<br /> <hr /> <div style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; text-align:center;">[[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March 2026|<span style="color:darkslategray;">This Month in GLAM – Volume XVI, Issue III, March 2026</span>]]</div> <hr /><br /> |- style="text-align: center;" | <span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman;"> '''<u>Headlines</u>'''</span> |- style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; text-align:center;" | <div style="text-align:left; column-count:2; column-width:28em; vertical-align:top;"> * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March 2026/Contents/From the team|From the team]]: GLAM in Equinox * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March 2026/Contents/Albania report|Albania report]]: Wikigap 2026 in Tirana, Albania * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March 2026/Contents/Aruba report|Aruba report]]: Celebrating 20 Years of Papiamentu/o Wikipedia * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March 2026/Contents/Bolivia report|Bolivia report]]: The Family Treasures Project Returns, with New GLAM Partners * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March 2026/Contents/Brazil report|Brazil report]]: Wiki Loves Folklore Brazil defines six categories to represent Brazilian culture on Commons * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March 2026/Contents/Colombia report|Colombia report]]: Architecture in the public domain in libraries in Nariño/Arquitectura en dominio público en bibliotecas nariñenses * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March 2026/Contents/Czech Republic report|Czech Republic report]]: Main Wikimedian in Residence report for 2025 is here * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March 2026/Contents/Germany report|Germany report]]: Art History Loves Wiki 2026 – digital/local. collection loves wiki * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March 2026/Contents/India report|India report]]: Collaboration resumes with the British Library for Bangla Wikisource * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March 2026/Contents/Italy report|Italy report]]: 2026 winners projects * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March 2026/Contents/New Zealand report|New Zealand report]]: New Zealand Bioeconomy Science Institute Wikimedian in Residence update, a letter published in Nature & Architecture + Women NZ * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March 2026/Contents/Macedonia report|North Macedonia report]]: Wikimedia MKD's GLAM Highlights: Botany and Beyond * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March 2026/Contents/Portugal report|Portugal report]]: March in Portugal * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March 2026/Contents/Serbia report|Serbia report]]: March in Wikimedia Serbia * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March 2026/Contents/Sweden report|Sweden report]]: Looking for similar images * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March 2026/Contents/Switzerland report|Switzerland report]]: GLAM Wiki Group, Donna, CoCreation PTT-Archive * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March 2026/Contents/UK report|UK report]]: CILIP MDG 2026 Conference, Library meetups and the World's Enamels * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March 2026/Contents/Ukraine report|Ukraine report]]: Spring 2026 news from Ukraine – Wiki Loves Folklore & more #1Lib1Ref * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March 2026/Contents/USA report|USA report]]: MoMA's International Traveling Exhibitions and Wikidata on the LD4 Arts Affinity Group April Community Call * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March 2026/Contents/Biodiversity Heritage Library report|Biodiversity Heritage Library report]]: Updates on work by BHL-Wiki Working Group members * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March 2026/Contents/AvoinGLAM report|AvoinGLAM report]]: Oulu Löyly * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March 2026/Contents/Memory of the World report|Memory of the World report]]: Indigenous languages on the Main Page * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March 2026/Contents/Events|Calendar]]: April's GLAM events </div> |- | style="font-family:Times New Roman; text-align:center; font-size:85%;" | [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter|Read this edition in full]] &bull; [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March 2026/Single|Single-page]] |- | valign="top" colspan="2" style="padding:0.5em; font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:center; font-size:85%;" | To assist with preparing the newsletter, please visit the [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/Newsroom|newsroom]]. Past editions may be viewed [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/Archives|here]]. |- |} |} <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:GLAM/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in GLAM'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/GLAM|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · [[:m:User:Romaine|Romaine]] 18:20, 9 April 2026 (UTC)</div> <!-- Message sent by User:Romaine@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/GLAM&oldid=30344683 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-16 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Very-low-calorie diet]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Green smoothie (8222465502).jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> A '''very-low-calorie diet''' (VLCD), also known as semistarvation diet and crash diet, is a type of diet with very or extremely low daily food energy consumption. VLCDs are defined as a diet of 800 kilocalories (3,300 kJ) per day or less. Modern medically supervised VLCDs use total meal replacements, with regulated formulations in Europe and Canada which contain the recommended daily requirements for vitamins, minerals, trace elements, fatty acids, protein and electrolyte balance. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 02:56, 13 April 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30306870 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #727 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2026-04-13. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#726]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * Open request for adminship: [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Administrator/ZI_Jony_2|ZI Jony (2)]] - RfP scheduled to end after 17 April 2026 13:09 (UTC) * New requests for permissions/Bot: ** [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Bot/NirmosBot_3|Nirmos Bot 3]] - Task(s): Turn one or more consecutive hard (non-breaking) spaces into one regular space in Swedish descriptions. ** [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Bot/Alex_NB_OT|Alex NB OT]] - Task(s): Correction of incorrectly specified links to population data sources containing wikitext artifacts with categories, which leads to incorrect categorization of articles. ** [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Bot/Alex_NB_OT_2|Alex NB OT 2]] - Task(s): Extract KCI article ID from [[d:Property:P953|P953]] and add it to [[d:Property:P14184|P14184]]. ** [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Bot/ReNeuralAgent|ReNeuralAgent]] - Task(s): (1) add descriptions, (2) Latvian labels/descriptions, (3) 'retrieved from' and 'source URL' to unreferenced Statements, (4) missing aliases from external Identifier sources, (5) Geo coordinates, (6) external identifiers, (7) Population numbers, (8) remove 'dead sitelinks', (9) constraint violations. * Open request for comment: [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_comment/Mass-editing_policy|Mass-editing policy]] is still open and requires your input. ''' Events ''' * Past: Missed the second quarter Wikidata+Wikibase office hour? You can catch up by reading the session transcript here: [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events/Telegram office hour 2026-04-08|2026-04-08 (Q2 2026)]] * Current: (Spanish) [[d:Event:Dominio_Público_en_América_Latina_2026|Public Domain in Latin America 2026]] - 1st edition of the campaign to improve public domain data for Latin America is running until 15 June. * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: ** Next Linked Data for Libraries [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group|LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group]] session 14 April, 2026: We have our next LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group Session on Tuesday, April 14, 2026 9am PT / 12pm ET / 16:00 UTC / 6pm CEST (Time zone converter). QuickStatements is one of the most widely used tools in Wikidata, enabling users to upload and edit large volumes of structured data efficiently. Originally developed by Magnus Manske, the tool has become essential for institutions, researchers, and volunteers working with open data. The new QuickStatements 3.0, developed by Wikimedia Brasil with support from Wikimedia Deutschland, introduces a modernized interface, improved performance, and new features shaped by community input, making it easier than ever to contribute high-quality data to the Wikimedia ecosystem. Event page: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group/Project Series/QuickStatements3|https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:WikiProject_LD4_Wikidata_Affinity_Group/Project_Series/QuickStatements3]] **[https://artandfeminism.org/panel/community-hours-af-wikidata-modules/ Art+Feminism is hosting a Community Hours session on April 17 to introduce their new Wikidata modules — don’t miss it!] ** [https://www.digis-berlin.de/workshop-wikidata-fuer-die-sammlungserschliessung-am-20-04/ digiS Workshop „Wikidata für die Sammlungserschließung“ am 20.04.] - (German), registration closes 16.04, takes place online (10:00 – 11:30 CEST), room link after registration. ** [https://events.ucf.edu/event/4102698/open-scholarly-profiles-with-wikidata Open Scholarly Profiles with Wikidata] - Wednesday, April 22, 2026 1300 - 1430 EDT (1700 - 1830 UTC). This is an onsite event at University of Central Florida. ** [[w:ig:Event:Visibility_of_Communities_in_Nigeria_2.0|Visibility of Communities in Nigeria 2.0]]: 17.04 - 25.04, (please register on the link). Help enrich Wikidata with cultural preservation, tourism and inclusive development data for items on South Nigerian communities. ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs: (Spanish) [[wmes:conectando-a-los-autores-y-autoras-del-patrimonio-documental-vasco-en-wikipedia-y-wikidata|Connecting: Basque documentary heritage on Wikipedia and Wikidata]] - a program to make Basque heritage data more visible, with events scheduled through April - June. * Videos: ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TiyhYerswVU Live Wikidata Editing #120] with Jan Ainali and Abbe98 ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gVUDn1E-yJU Can AI Replace Wikipedia? Jonathan Fraine & Raja Amelung Explain Why It Cannot] - Wikimedia Deutschland's Jonathan and Raja discuss why human knowledge and contribution to Wikipedia and Wikidata will always be important. ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tEzUqaorHtg Interfacing with Wikidata for fun and profit] - Yaron Koren ** [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1qwwpxtdGAG7oYKwlp2ykhyZIgrMYvUgt/view Introduction to Lexicographical data] - By Chinonso Chidi ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=TmMC8L89hOs&pp=iggCQAE%3D WMUK Wikidata Training (1/2) - Why & how to add data to Wikidata] - a beginner-friendly introduction to Wikidata editing hosted by Dr. Martin Poulter. ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=acjchSUjq48&pp=iggCQAE%3D WMUK Wikidata training (2/2) - Make your first Wikidata query using SPARQL] - How to query Wikidata's vast store of knowledge using SPARQL. ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=5WTkl4dXCKA&pp=iggCQAE%3D Wikidata and personal pronouns (P6553) by Clair Kronk and Crystal Yragui] - part of the [[m:Event:Queering_Wikipedia_Conference_2025|Queering Wikipedia Conference (2025)]] ** (Spanish) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KoSszuyG8tI Queering the public domain using Wikidata and Wikipedia] - with [[m:User:Hiperterminal|User:Hiperterminal]]. ** (Spanish) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jRj3cXRn1uk Taller de OpenRefine por David Ramírez-Ordóñez] ([[m:User:Hiperterminal|User:Hiperterminal]]) - a workshop on OpenRefine with a geder perspective. ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=31VQumm49yM Introducing lgbtDB: A Collaborative Queer Resource and Pilot Data Area] by Clair Kronk. ''' Tool of the week ''' * [https://humansmap.com/ HumansMap] - a connection-visualiser and explorer app for 3 million notable humans, all data sourced from Wikidata. ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * Call for tool builders: EntitySchemas listening tour: The Wikidata team wants your feedback on EntitySchemas to improve data quality and discoverability. Share your experiences, pain points, and needs via the [[d:Wikidata_talk:Schemas#EntitySchemas_listening_tour_(feedback_round_2)|project talk page]] or this short [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeF1snQbKid7WaurWtEyrYPJ31M9vN8cKl4EocOnwNCvMsZqw/viewform?usp=header Google form] (including option for a 30-min video call). ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * Newest General datatypes: **[[:d:Property:P14272|ConLang Code Registry code]] (<nowiki>3-letter identifier for language defined in the ConLang Code Registry, using codes reserved for private use in ISO 639-3</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14280|‎official roster page]] (<nowiki>URL of a team's official page about this player</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14299|‎value type of this mathematical property]] (<nowiki>type of the value of this mathematical property when applied to this object or this type of objects</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14300|‎Usenet newsgroup]] (<nowiki>Usenet newsgroup associated with the item</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14317|hardware is incompatible with]] (<nowiki>significant elements with which a computer hardware or electronic device is incompatible and which indicates a significant property of this hardware.</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14319|Peh-oe-ji]] (<nowiki>writing system for Taiwanese Hokkien (Q36778) or other Southern Min (Q36495) language varieties in Fujian and South East Asia.</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14332|‎heir apparent]] (<nowiki>person designated to take on royal position after death of subject</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14341|thumbtime]] (<nowiki>time for video thumbnail in seconds</nowiki>) * Newest External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P14263|Algeria Press Service tag ID (English)]], [[:d:Property:P14264|Algeria Press Service tag ID (French)]], [[:d:Property:P14265|‎BERON lexeme ID]], [[:d:Property:P14266|‎Brussels BeStAddress street ID]], [[:d:Property:P14267|‎Brussels BeStAddress address ID]], [[:d:Property:P14268|‎Atlas of Endangered Alphabets ID]], [[:d:Property:P14269|Anarâš aavis topic ID]], [[:d:Property:P14270|Wikiparfum perfume ingredient ID]], [[:d:Property:P14271|TMDB award ID]], [[:d:Property:P14273|Open Library Collection]], [[:d:Property:P14274|‎Ohio University ArchiveSpace subject ID]], [[:d:Property:P14275|VAi Archiefhub agent ID]], [[:d:Property:P14276|‎PBA.com player ID]], [[:d:Property:P14277|‎IRIS UNIL author ID]], [[:d:Property:P14278|IPRESS ID]], [[:d:Property:P14279|GEMI Number]], [[:d:Property:P14281|‎StandardsMap ID]], [[:d:Property:P14282|‎Japanese Location Database ID]], [[:d:Property:P14283|‎IRDI]], [[:d:Property:P14284|‎Wendingen object ID]], [[:d:Property:P14285|‎Wendingen person ID]], [[:d:Property:P14286|Oricon News ID]], [[:d:Property:P14287|‎JMRC person id (en)]], [[:d:Property:P14288|Rappels person ID]], [[:d:Property:P14289|KCI journal ID]], [[:d:Property:P14290|KCI publisher ID]], [[:d:Property:P14291|BIORAB-Kaiserreich ID]], [[:d:Property:P14292|BIORAB–WEIMAR ID]], [[:d:Property:P14293|‎Mainline Station Heritage Artefacts Collection ID]], [[:d:Property:P14294|Göteborgsalliansen player ID]], [[:d:Property:P14295|‎Fungal Names taxon ID]], [[:d:Property:P14296|‎Dicionário Biográfico de Cientistas, Engenheiros e Médicos em Portugal ID]], [[:d:Property:P14297|‎Brewver beer ID]], [[:d:Property:P14298|Central Registration Number (Indonesian police)]], [[:d:Property:P14301|‎UEA catalogue ID]], [[:d:Property:P14302|‎lit.link ID]], [[:d:Property:P14303|kulturbase.no ID]], [[:d:Property:P14304|KuLaDig-ID]], [[:d:Property:P14310|Topplista artist ID]], [[:d:Property:P14311|TV Drama Database program ID]], [[:d:Property:P14315|‎Thyssen-Bornemisza work ID]], [[:d:Property:P14316|‎Swedish National Archives ID]], [[:d:Property:P14318|Perfumery Glossary ingredient ID]], [[:d:Property:P14320|‎PeeringDB facility ID]], [[:d:Property:P14321|‎Nişanyan Adlar ID]], [[:d:Property:P14322|National Theatre in Prague performance ID]], [[:d:Property:P14323|National Theatre in Prague artist ID]], [[:d:Property:P14324|‎JVID performer ID]], [[:d:Property:P14325|CICAP Encyclopedia ID]], [[:d:Property:P14326|‎MJ character glyph name]], [[:d:Property:P14327|member of the Azorean parliament ID]], [[:d:Property:P14328|Master Ideographs Seeker character ID]], [[:d:Property:P14329|‎London Book Trades ID]], [[:d:Property:P14330|‎Kloekecode]], [[:d:Property:P14331|ID Prix de Lausanne]], [[:d:Property:P14333|‎GDUNO ID]], [[:d:Property:P14334|‎fotbolltransfers.com ID]], [[:d:Property:P14335|Foot Résultats player ID]], [[:d:Property:P14336|‎Dictionary of Unitarian & Universalist Biography ID]], [[:d:Property:P14337|‎DBNL country ID]], [[:d:Property:P14338|‎CROWCASS file number]], [[:d:Property:P14339|‎European Dictionary Portal ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/OpenType script tag|OpenType script tag]] (<nowiki>identifier for a script in OpenType</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/OpenType language system tag|OpenType language system tag]] (<nowiki>identifier for a language (system) in OpenType</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/tattoos|tattoos]] (<nowiki>anatomical location of a tattoo that this person or character have</nowiki>) * New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/organization in cooperation with ISO ID|organization in cooperation with ISO ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/EDAM Ontology ID|EDAM Ontology ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/FISH Evidence Thesaurus Identifier|FISH Evidence Thesaurus Identifier]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/FISH Thesaurus of Monument Types ID|FISH Thesaurus of Monument Types ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ScriptSource script ID|ScriptSource script ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ScriptSource language code|ScriptSource language code]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Extended Defence of Britain Database ID|Extended Defence of Britain Database ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Max username|Max username]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BE-monumen ID|BE-monumen ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: ** [https://w.wiki/LAbm List of sitelinked small items to a single Wiki] ([https://www.wikidata.org/w/index.php?title=Wikidata:Request_a_query&oldid=2480451843 source]) - example wiki: Maori Wikipedia ** [https://w.wiki/FYno People who have herbarium specimens in Herbarium Dresdense (on a timeline)] ([[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Collectors_affiliated_with_the_Herbarium_Dresdense_(DR)|source]]) * Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]]: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Collectors_affiliated_with_the_Herbarium_Dresdense_(DR)|Collectors affiliated with the Herbarium Dresdense (DR)]] * WikiProject Highlights: ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_LD4_Wikidata_Affinity_Group/Project_Series/QuickStatements3|LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group/QuickStatements3]] - don't forget to add yourself to the participants section if you plan to attend the 14.04 Zoom call. ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Temples_in_Roman_Britain/Data_Model|Temples in Roman Britain/Data Model]] subpage was added. ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Library_and_Information_Science|Library and Information Science]] added subpages: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Library_and_Information_Science/dashboard_of_librarians|Librarians dashboard]], [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Library_and_Information_Science/dashboard_of_indexers|Indexers dashboard]] * Newest [[d:Wikidata:Database reports|database reports]]: [[d:Special:ShortPages|Short Pages]] - A list of pages (mostly Items) that are very small, often appear completely blank. A review to judge whether they are suitable for deletion, victims of vandalism or require merging or expanding may be appropriate. * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: [[d:Q804859|Baldur's gate II: Shadows of Amn]] - an isometric CRPG created with the Infinity engine, adapting the Advanced Dungeons and Dragons 2nd edition ruleset. * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase Lexemes]]: [[d:Lexeme:L1250690|spegnere]] (Italian verb) to turn off, switch off, extinguish. ''' Development ''' * The Wikibase Reuse Team is working on ensuring [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413655 language fallback works on the GraphQL] labels of linked entities functionality and [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T421994 improving the technical infrastructure behind wbsearchentities]. * Wikidata integration in the other Wikimedia projects: is working on [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T422564 introducing metrics] that help observe the impact of Recent Change related work. Work continues on improving the Diff ([https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419244 T419244], [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419823 T419823]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Govdirectory/United Nations|United Nations]] * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] . [[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] ·[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 14:40, 13 April 2026 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=30379279 --> == Tech News: 2026-16 == <section begin="technews-2026-W16"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/16|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Experienced editors are invited to [https://b24e11a4f1.catalyst.wmcloud.org/wiki/Main_Page test] the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|Article guidance]] feature, designed to help less-experienced editors create well-structured, policy-compliant Wikipedia articles. Testing instructions are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance/Test feature guide|available]]. Also, after reviewing [https://b24e11a4f1.catalyst.wmcloud.org/wiki/Category:Pages_using_article_guidance the outlines], please provide feedback on the [[mw:Talk:Article guidance|project talk page]]. Based on your input, the feature will be refined and transferred to the pilot Wikipedias to translate and adapt. Check out [[c:File:Article Guidance workflow demo - April 2026.webm|the video]] explaining the feature. '''Updates for editors''' * On most wikis, all autoconfirmed users can now use [[Special:ChangeContentModel|Special:ChangeContentModel]] page to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:ChangeContentModel|create new pages with custom content models]], such as mass message lists, making custom page formats more accessible. Check [[Special:ListGroupRights|Special:ListGroupRights]] for the status of your wiki. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T248294] * The Growth team has launched an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account_Creation_Experiments|account creation experiment]] to evaluate whether adding an account creation button to the mobile web header increases new account registrations and encourages more mobile users to contribute to the wikis. The experiment is currently live on Hindi, Indonesian, Bengali, Thai, and Hebrew Wikipedia, and targets 10% of logged-out mobile web users. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:30}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:30|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where VisualEditor could get stuck loading on Windows devices with animations turned off, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T382856] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Starting later this week, {{int:group-abusefilter}} who have the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]] beta feature enabled will have [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] instead of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]] as the editor at [[Special:AbuseFilter|Special:AbuseFilter]]. This is part of the broader effort to make the user experience more consistent across all editors. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T399673][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419332] * Tools and bots that access the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Notifications/API|Notifications API]] (<bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>action=query&meta=notifications</nowiki></code></bdi>) will need to update their OAuth or BotPassword grants to also include access to private notifications. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T421991] * Due to a library upgrade, listings on category pages may be displayed out of order starting on Monday, 20th April. A migration script will be run to correct this, and will take hours to days depending on the size of the wiki (up to a week for English Wikipedia). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T422544] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.24|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/16|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W16"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 15:16, 13 April 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30380527 --> == [[Incubator:Requests for deletions#Wikinews test projects]] == For record, I guess that this section affects some test projects you previous contributed, at least [[Wn/af]] and [[Wn/vi]], so your inputs are welcome on the future of those Wikinews tests which are currently frozen. [[Special:Contributions/&#126;2026-23926-28|&#126;2026-23926-28]] ([[User talk:&#126;2026-23926-28|talk]]) 00:29, 19 April 2026 (UTC) == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-17 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Chromodoris willani]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Babosa de mar (Chromodoris willani), Anilao, Filipinas, 2023-08-24, DD 34.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''''Chromodoris willani''''', commonly known as Willan's chromodoris, is a species of sea slug, a dorid nudibranch, a shell-less marine gastropod mollusk in the family Chromodorididae. The species is named for the renowned nudibranch taxonomist Dr. Richard C. Willan. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 02:34, 20 April 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30430366 --> == Tech News: 2026-17 == <section begin="technews-2026-W17"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/17|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * After two years of development, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]], also known as [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror 6]], is to be promoted out of beta on Tuesday, April 21. It brings better code and wikitext readability, reduction in typing errors, and other [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|benefits]] to all users of the standard syntax highlighter. A huge thank you to volunteer [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/p/Bhsd/ Bhsd] who developed many of the new features, including [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Code folding|code folding]], [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Autocompletion|autocompletion]], and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Linting|linting]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T259059] * A major update to the Wikipedia app for iOS is now rolling out, redesigning the interface to align with Apple's latest "Liquid Glass" visual design. [https://apps.apple.com/us/app/wikipedia/id324715238 Download the latest version] and explore the update. '''Updates for editors''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/WE3.3.4 Reading lists|Reading lists]] is a feature which allows readers to save articles to a list for reading later. This feature is now in beta on Arabic, French, Indonesian, Vietnamese, and Chinese Wikipedias and by default for all new accounts on all Wikipedias. * An experiment which explores extending [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/Mobile page previews|Page Previews to mobile web]] will be launched in the week of April 20 on Arabic, English, French, Italian, Polish, and Vietnamese Wikipedias. Page Previews are pop-ups that display a thumbnail, lead paragraph, and a link to open the full article of a blue link, thereby improving content discovery. The feature is already available on desktop and in the apps. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/List of experiments in Product and Technology#Template|Read more about this experiment and others]]. * On several wikis, logged-in editors who haven't [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Email confirmation|confirmed their email addresses]] can now see a banner encouraging them to do so. Having the email address confirmed allows a user to restore access to the account if they lose it. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security#Encouraging users to confirm their email addresses|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T421366] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:15}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:15|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where editing very large wiki pages in the 2017 wikitext editor caused slow loading, preview and scrolling lag, and performance issues when selecting, cutting, or pasting content, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T184857] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * As part of the promotion of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] from a beta feature, all users will use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] instead of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]] for syntax highlighting when editing JavaScript, CSS, JSON, Vue and Lua content pages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419332] * The <code>mirrors.wikimedia.org</code> service for Debian and Ubuntu users will sunset and stop working on May 15. The resources for the service will be replaced with new and better options. Some users may need to switch to a different server which should take about a minute. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/LJYRIS4WB66HIRCAO4GIDTXCMDVZRBMA/ You can read more]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416707] * The <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>image</nowiki></code></bdi> and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>oldimage</nowiki></code></bdi> table will be removed from [[wikitech:Help:Wiki Replicas|wikireplicas]]. If your tools or queries access <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>image</nowiki></code></bdi> or <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>oldimage</nowiki></code></bdi> directly, please update them to use the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>file</nowiki></code></bdi> and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>filerevision</nowiki></code></bdi> table before 28 May. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T28741] * Following the recent implementation of global API rate limits on unidentified traffic, the Wikimedia Foundation will continue efforts to ensure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]] by applying global limits to identified API traffic beginning the last week of April. These limits are intentionally set as high as possible to minimise impact on the community. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits/FAQ|Frequently Asked Questions]]. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Attribution API|Attribution API]] is now available as a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Stability policy|beta]]. The API fetches information for crediting Wikimedia articles and media files wherever they are used. Reference documentation is available through the REST Sandbox special page available on all Wikimedia wikis (such as the [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?api=attribution.v0-beta&title=Special%3ARestSandbox REST sandbox on English Wikipedia]). Share your feedback on the [[mw:Talk:Attribution API|project talk page]]. * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/17|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W17"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 14:57, 20 April 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30432763 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #728 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2026-04-20. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#727]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * Open request for adminship: [[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Administrator/Yamato Shiya|Yamato Shiya]] - RfP scheduled to end after 26 April 2026 11:10 (UTC) * Closed request for adminship: [[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Administrator/ZI Jony 2|ZI Jony 2]] - Closed as successful ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: ** OpenStreetMap X Wikidata Meetup #88 May 11 Time: 19:30-21:00 UTC+8 at [[d:Q61752245| Mozilla Community Space Taipei (Q61752245)]]. ** Wikidata turns 14 this October, and it’s time to start thinking about birthday celebrations🥳. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikidata@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/O6V5RI7VMZCQGFTJZNNFOYZPJ6OPPK2R/ See the various ways in which you can participate]. ** [https://events.ucf.edu/event/4102698/open-scholarly-profiles-with-wikidata Open Scholarly Profiles with Wikidata] - April 22, 2026 1300 - 1430 EDT (1700 - 1830 UTC). This is an onsite event at University of Central Florida and requires registration (see link). ** [https://www.instagram.com/p/DXNPK8jkl7p University of Central Illinois - How does data power Wikipedia and Wikidata?] Discover how your data skills can make an impact. Join the two onsite sessions (April 21, follow the link for registration details). '''Module 1''' - GLAM Wiki and the Wikimedia Ecosystem: Commons and Structured Data: 0930 - 1130 CDT - An overview of GLAM-Wiki (Galleries, Libraries, Archives and Museums). '''Module 2''' - Wikidata: Editing, Querying, Citations and GIS Applications, 1300 - 1500 CDT ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs: ** [[DiffBlog:2026/04/14/women-in-photography-wikidata-workshop-with-lightbox-library|Women in Photography – Wikidata Workshop with LightBox Photo Library]] - to address the underrepresentation of women photographers in the Wikimedia Projects, this workshop brought tech reporters, librarians, researchers and photography enthusiasts to understand how Wikidata can unlock data silos and connect different projects (in the Wikiverse and external) to make data on women photographers more searchable. ** [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/04/14/her-heritage-wiki-challenge-artfeminism-in-ghana-month/ Her Heritage Wiki Challenge: Art+Feminism in Ghana Month] ** [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/03/18/no-signal-no-problem-building-the-dagbanli-dictionary-for-offline-use/ No Signal? No Problem: Building the Dagbanli Dictionary for Offline Use], by Mohammed Sadat Abdulai and Mohammed Awal Alhassan * Papers: [https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11192-026-05621-1 Optimising university web visibility: strategies using Wikidata identifiers and statements in Webometrics rankings] By Backory et al., (2026), this study analyses Webometrics rankings of universities, applying clustering algorithms (K-means, hierarchical clustering, fuzzy C-means, GMM, and DBSCAN) to identify which identifiers and statements the top-ranked institutions have in common on their Wikidata entities. * Videos: ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q8qG2QxqsQE OKI Internship 2026 - Wikidata & Screening Test Preparation] - Part of the Open Knowledge Initiative, hosted by Ankit V & Kasyap P. ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GnOHrG_nVvY Charted Roots - Genealogy and worldbuilding in Obsidian] - includes an example of linking to Wikidata to quickly add location data to your visualised family history. ''' Tool of the week ''' * [https://hay.toolforge.org/depictor/index.php Depictor] by Hay Kranen is a tool that add structured data statements to Wikimedia Commons using a game-like interface ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * [https://librarycarpentry.github.io/lc-wikidata/01-introduction.html What is Wikidata? - Library Carpentry] is part of ''The Carpentries'', a registered non-profit teaching foundational coding and data science skills. They recently updated their introductory course to Wikidata and knowledge graph concepts. ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * Newest External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P14344|‎ocremix.org game ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/especially|especially]] (<nowiki>qualifier for statements to refine a value that applies more generally, but applies especially to a more specific value; a more specific qualifier than "including" (P1012)</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/independent of theory|independent of theory]] (<nowiki>theory that proves neither this proposition nor its negation</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/EPBC conservation status|EPBC conservation status]] (<nowiki>the conservation status from the Australian Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 assigned by the Australian Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/part of discography|part of discography]] (<nowiki>discography that this musical release is a part of</nowiki>) *New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Thai Government Agency GFMIS Code|Thai Government Agency GFMIS Code]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Conlang Database ID|Conlang Database ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Plataforma Acácia|Plataforma Acácia]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Observatório Terras Quilombolas|Observatório Terras Quilombolas]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/LMTA folkloro archyvo ID|LMTA folkloro archyvo ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Kulturdenkmal-ID Rheinland-Pfalz|Kulturdenkmal-ID Rheinland-Pfalz]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/UNDRR-ISC Hazard Information Profile ID|UNDRR-ISC Hazard Information Profile ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Код Вестра|Код Вестра]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/19star performer ID|19star performer ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/EM-DAT disaster number|EM-DAT disaster number]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ColBase ID|ColBase ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BIOSOP ID|BIOSOP ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BIOKAND ID|BIOKAND ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: [https://query-chest.toolforge.org/redirect/0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000002BJC71J4LUqy0w0MAAygQUkoMc46KQ2QeA28GuQ6saU Depthness of subway stations in meters] (by [[User:Bouzinac|Bouzinac]]) * Newest [[d:Wikidata:Database reports|database reports]]: [[d:Wikidata:Database_reports/children_of_unborn_parents|Children of unborn parents]], this list shows the child entity's birth date predates the parent entity's birth date: good candidates to check if the birth and relationship statements need correcting. * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: [[d:Q41178|Haïlé Sélassié Ier]] - Emperor of Ethiopia from 1930 to 1974 * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase Lexemes]]: [[d:Lexeme:L9704|slide (L9704)]] - English noun (slaɪd) meaning "a photographic transparency", "a playground or gym apparatus", or "a mass movement of earth or snow" ''' Development ''' * The Wikibase Reuse team continued their work on ensuring [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413655 language fallback works for labels of linked entities in GraphQL] and on [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T421994 refactoring wbsearchentities] * The Wikidata team worked on explored how to reduce load for low data users [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T400325 T400325], fixed some bugs on the new mobile editing on Items [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418110 T418110], [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414454 T414454] and improved some error messages [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T417797 T417797], [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T412145 T412145] * In the WIT team, engineering continued working on the [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419823 LilDiffCheck prototype] [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Govdirectory/South_Korea|South Korea]] * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] . [[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] ·[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 15:04, 20 April 2026 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=30424079 --> == ''The Signpost'': 21 April 2026 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[File:WikipediaSignpostIcon.svg|40px|right]] ''News, reports and features from the English Wikipedia's newspaper''</div> <div style="column-count:2;"> * News and notes: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-04-21/News and notes|Six Serbian Wikipedia editors banned following controversy about political bias]] * In the media: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-04-21/In the media|Could Wikipedia be involved in Massachusetts' proposed social media ban for minors?]] * Gallery: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-04-21/Gallery|March equinox]] * Traffic report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-04-21/Traffic report|Time to change my galaxy in case, we outta space!]] * Comix: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-04-21/Comix|Of skirts and articles]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost|Read this Signpost in full]]''' · [[w:en:Wikipedia:Signpost/Single|Single-page]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Signpost|Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] 06:50, 21 April 2026 (UTC) <!-- Sent via script ([[w:en:User:JPxG/SPS]]) --></div> <!-- Message sent by User:JPxG@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Signpost&oldid=30434643 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-18 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Platypus venom]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Platypus spur.JPG|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The platypus is one of the few living mammals to produce venom. The venom is made in venom glands that are connected to hollow spurs on their hind legs; it is primarily made during the mating season.[1] While the venom's effects are described as extremely painful, it is not lethal to humans. Many archaic mammal groups possess similar tarsal spurs, so it is thought that, rather than having developed this characteristic uniquely, the platypus simply inherited this characteristic from its ancestors. Rather than being a unique outlier, the platypus is the last demonstration of what was once a common mammalian characteristic, and it can be used as a model for non-therian mammals and their venom delivery and properties. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 02:04, 27 April 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30449041 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #729 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2026-04-27. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#728]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * Closed request for adminship: '''[[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Administrator/Yamato_Shiya|Yamato Shiya]]''' - Congratulations to our newest Admin! * New requests for permissions/Bot: '''[[Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Bot/Chamiln17@FineWiki|Chamiln17@FineWiki]]''' - '''Task/s:''' Read-only Wikidata entity cache build for an academic temporal language model dataset. ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: Next [[Wikidata:WikiProject LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group|LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group]] session — 28 April 2026 at 9am PT / 12pm ET / 16:00 UTC / 6pm CEST. This session covers QuickStatements 3.0, the updated batch-editing tool for Wikidata, redeveloped by Wikimedia Brasil with support from Wikimedia Deutschland, featuring a modern interface and improved performance. Watch the previous session recording: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zkd_W_K2CEQ on youtube]. More details: [[Wikidata:WikiProject LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group/Project Series/QuickStatements3 | QuickStatements3]] ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs: ** [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/04/10/the-gballi-browser-designing-for-the-dagbanli-alphabet/ The Gballi Browser: Designing for the Dagbanli Alphabet], by Mohammed Sadat Abdulai and Mohammed Awal Alhassan ** [[DiffBlog:2026/04/21/building-visibility-for-african-women-on-wikimedia-the-empowerher-fellowship|Building Visibility for African Women on Wikimedia: The EmpowerHer Fellowship]] by Andikan Efiok Eduok. * Papers: ** [https://openhumanitiesdata.metajnl.com/articles/10.5334/johd.430 Call for Edits Nearby: Open Archives Metadata from Saxony] by J. Bemme & M. Munke (2026), latest paper in the Journal of Open Humanities Data series. ** (Deutsch) [PDF] [https://arthist.net/reviews/52225/view=pdf Art History Loves Wiki 2026 | digital/local.collection loves wiki] - report from ArtHist.net on the recent 3rd edition of the conference, held at the Museum Schnütgen, Köln, from 27 – 29 March. * Videos: ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7GAI0MXlYBE Live Wikidata Editing, #121] with Jan Ainali and Abbe98. ** (Español) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ci-TFUyvnAU Build with Wikimedia open data: APIs, SPARQL and visualization] with Carla Toro Fernández, Director Technology WM Chile. ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1mehivb26qI Every Airport Ever Built (1909-2024)] - an animated map showing where and when airports were built. Powered by Wikidata and OurAirports. ** (Catalan) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1xFbsSRMncs Barcelona Free Software: How to use Wikidata to make public domain digital works visible?], [[d:User:Hiperterminal|User:Hiperterminal]] presents Paulina, discusses the work done in digitising collections and how to make public domain works visible. * Notebooks: [https://observablehq.com/@pac02/does-the-country-of-birth-affect-the-likelihood-of Does the country of birth affect the likelihood of having a Wikipedia biography?] by [[User:PAC2]] ''' Tools of the week ''' * [https://app.wikitime.live/ The Human History Atlas (WikiTime)], a browser-based atlas that uses Wikidata and Wikipedia-sourced data to construct timelines and allows exploration of significant historical events. * [https://olympians.toolforge.org/athletes Wikilympians], a real-time list of all 153,412 known Olympic competitors with Wikidata and Wikipedia coverage statistics ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * Wikibase Suite 7.0 and Wikibase Suite Deploy 7.0.0 have been launched! It brings Wikibase closer to feature parity with Wikidata. Here's what's in the latest release: ** [[mw:Extension:Echo|Echo Extension]]: User activity alerts and notifications. ** [[mw:Extension:DiscussionTools|Discussion Tools Extension]]: Set of tools to enhance discussion pages. ** [[mw:Trust_and_Safety_Product/Temporary_Accounts|Temporary Accounts]]: The support for temporary accounts without IP address exposure has been added. It will, however, remain disabled by default, in line with Wikibase Cloud. ** Grouped External Identifiers (https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T310898): External identifiers are now grouped on entity pages for better readability. ** “Mul” (multi-language) support: Adds support for multi-language values. ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * Newest General datatypes: **[[:d:Property:P14345|perspective]] (<nowiki>point of view for an image of an object, for example an anatomical structure (ventral, dorsal, frontal)</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14347|Bavarian natural monuments ID]] (<nowiki>identifier for natural monuments in Bavaria (Germany), issued by the Bayerisches Landesamt für Umwelt</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14351|‎audio version of text]] (<nowiki>The audio version of a text (e.g. book). Not the audio version of the Wikipedia article about the text (e.g. book).</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14359|‎motive]] (<nowiki>verified reasoning behind an action</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14360|‎award category or rank]] (<nowiki>(qualifier of P166) specific category or rank of an award received, for awards with more than one category or rank</nowiki>) * Newest External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P14346|‎BE-monumen ID]], [[:d:Property:P14348|Team Norway athlete ID]], [[:d:Property:P14349|‎Kantonsspital St.Gallen author ID]], [[:d:Property:P14350|‎Consumer Rights Wiki article ID]], [[:d:Property:P14353|Central Registration Number (Indonesia Military)]], [[:d:Property:P14354|‎Conlang Database ID]], [[:d:Property:P14355|EM-DAT disaster number]], [[:d:Property:P14356|UNDRR-ISC Hazard Information Profile ID]], [[:d:Property:P14357|‎EDAM Ontology ID]], [[:d:Property:P14358|‎Turkey province ID]], [[:d:Property:P14361|Kvinnehistorie.no topic ID]], [[:d:Property:P14362|CNVD-ID]], [[:d:Property:P14363|GiveSendGo fundraising ID]], [[:d:Property:P14364|radiko person ID]], [[:d:Property:P14365|Wikiparfum brand ID]], [[:d:Property:P14366|‎Turkey district ID]], [[:d:Property:P14367|OSDev article ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/different from property|different from property]] (<nowiki>This property is to be distinguished from the other property</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SELL rating|SELL rating]] (<nowiki>classification in the Syndicat des éditeurs de logiciels de loisirs rating system</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/time expansion|time expansion]] (<nowiki>factor by which a recording's duration has been extended or compressed relative to the original real-time event, without pitch correction; values greater than 1 indicate time expansion (e.g. 10 = ten times longer than real life, pitch lowered tenfold); values less than 1 indicate time compression (e.g. 0.1 = ten times shorter, pitch raised tenfold); 1 = real-time</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Parental Advisory System rating|Parental Advisory System rating]] (<nowiki>content rating for coin-operated video games</nowiki>) * New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CINEFOX film ID (reproposal)|CINEFOX film ID (reproposal)]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CINEFOX parson ID (reproposal)|CINEFOX parson ID (reproposal)]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/VK video ID|VK video ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Brew TV|Brew TV]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CycleBase cyclist ID (new)|CycleBase cyclist ID (new)]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Royal Australian Air Force service number|Royal Australian Air Force service number]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Files of the Reich Chancellery ID|Files of the Reich Chancellery ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: [https://w.wiki/MDpD List of treaties/truces in the time] by [[:d:User:Bouzinac | Bouzinac ]] * Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]]: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Occupations|WikiProject Occupations]] for enriching items [[d:Property:P106|occupation ''<small>(P106)</small>'']], [[d:Q12737077|occupation ''<small>(Q12737077)</small>'']] with data verified from official national occupation classification systems. * Newest [[d:Wikidata:Database reports|database reports]]: [[d:Wikidata:Database_reports/without_claims_by_site|Without Claims by Site]] - this report will list how many Wikidata Items have 0 Statements, with a linked Wiki Article/page. Click ''reports/all items'' for a per wiki list, and consider expanding. * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: [[d:Q845661|Okazaki fragments]] - short DNA sequences synthesized discontinuously during DNA replication * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase Lexemes]]: [[d:Lexeme:L29733|transfer (L29733)]] - English noun/verb (ˈtræns.fɜːr) meaning "to move from one place to another", "a sports team member moving to another team", or "a ticket allowing continuation of a journey" ''' Development ''' * Query Service: It is now possible to download query results in Wikidata Query Service that include coordinates as KML & GPX (GeoJSON has been available since last year). Text from the first column in the results is used as the value for naming POIs. Thanks again to Atom.oil.2 for the patch. ([[phab:T414376]]) * The Wikidata team continued working on a prototype to make WikiProjects more visible ([[phab:T420907]]) and made the new Wikidata mobile UI use auto-resizing text areas instead of single-line text inputs, in order to make longer values easier to edit ([[phab:T414420]]) * The Wikidata Integrations team now has a working prototype of LilDiffCheck, injecting wikidata changes into recent changes only if there was a change on the wikipedia html ([[phab:T421390]]) * Language fallback will be available this week on the labels of linked entities functionality in GraphQL ([[phab:T413655]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Govdirectory/Main dashboard|field of work]] * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] . [[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] ·[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 15:28, 27 April 2026 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=30424079 --> == This Month in Education: April 2026 == <div class="plainlinks" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 15 • Issue 4 • April 2026</span> <div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/April 2026|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/April 2026/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div> <div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div> <div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;"> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/Empowering Knowledge: Wikimedia MKD Education Update|Empowering Knowledge: Wikimedia MKD Education Update]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/WikiScholar: A School-Level Initiative to Promote Free Knowledge in Bangladesh|WikiScholar: A School-Level Initiative to Promote Free Knowledge in Bangladesh]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/Wikipedia for School 2025–2026: A Competition That Continued Despite Frost, Power Outages, and War|Wikipedia for School 2025–2026: A Competition That Continued Despite Frost, Power Outages, and War]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/Wikimedia UK and Thoughtful delivery new media literacy teacher training course|Wikimedia UK and Thoughtful delivery new media literacy teacher training course]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/Wikimedia CR supporting SDG's in Czech schools|Wikimedia CR supporting SDG's in Czech schools]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/University Students’ Mandatory Internships at Wikimedia Armenia|University Students’ Mandatory Internships at Wikimedia Armenia]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/Third year of collaboration with Aleksandër Xhuvani University in Elbasan, Albania|Third year of collaboration with Aleksandër Xhuvani University in Elbasan, Albania]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/Students Discover Open Source and Learn Wikipedia and Wikidata Skills for the First Time in Zarqa, Jordan|Students Discover Open Source and Learn Wikipedia and Wikidata Skills for the First Time in Zarqa, Jordan]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/Leveraging on Wikipedia as a tool for curbing Health Misinformation and Disinformation in Akwa Ibom and Rivers State, Nigeria|Leveraging on Wikipedia as a tool for curbing Health Misinformation and Disinformation in Akwa Ibom and Rivers State, Nigeria]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/Governance and Public Knowledge: Wikipedia as a Learning Tool in Sustainability Education through UNESCO Designated Sites|Governance and Public Knowledge: Wikipedia as a Learning Tool in Sustainability Education through UNESCO Designated Sites]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/A month full of encounters with students in Brazil|A month full of encounters with students in Brazil]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 16:01, 27 April 2026 (UTC)</div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&oldid=30406002 --> == Tech News: 2026-18 == <section begin="technews-2026-W18"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/18|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * There is a change in how new users are autoconfirmed that will improve anti-vandalism protection. Currently, users who have had an account for a few days and made a few edits are automatically added to the [[{{int:grouppage-autoconfirmed/{{CONTENTLANGUAGE}}}}|{{int:group-autoconfirmed}}]] group. This configuration tends to be exploited by some vandals, who create accounts and start to use them only after some time. To mitigate this, the configuration will be updated next week so that – for the purpose of becoming autoconfirmed – the account age will be counted from their first edit, instead of registration date. The numeric value of the age threshold will remain the same. This change will be deployed only to wikis which require at least one edit as part of the autoconfirmation conditions. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418484] * All Wikipedia users with new accounts and those who activated the "automatically enable most beta features" option in their preference can now use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/WE3.3.4 Reading lists|reading lists]] beta feature to save articles for later reading. This helps organize reading interests in one place for convenient access. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:30}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:30|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where infobox images have huge padding in Firefox, has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T423676] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * As a reminder, the global API rate limits will be applied this week to identified API traffic. This is to help ensure [[mw:MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]]. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, including the actual rate limits, see [[mw:Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]] and [[mw:Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits/FAQ|Frequently Asked Questions]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.26|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/18|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W18"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 18:03, 27 April 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30458046 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-19 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Kuwait National Assembly Building]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Kuwait City Arabian Gulf Street 10.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The '''Kuwait National Assembly Building''' is the building that housed the National Assembly of Kuwait. Designed by Danish architect Jørn Utzon in 1972, it was completed in 1982 under the direction of his son Jan. The structural design was by Max Walt. The building was seriously damaged in February 1991 when retreating Iraqi troops set it on fire but has since been restored. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 12:16, 4 May 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30464799 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #730 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2026-05-04. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#729]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * New requests for permissions/Bot: [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Bot/Chamiln17@FineWiki|Chamiln17@FineWiki]] - Task: This bot performs a read-only cache build for an academic temporal language model dataset. * Other: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Ontology/Status of Ontology Classes and Properties|better tools to support constraints implied by properties like disjoint union of]] ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: ** [[d:Event:WikiProjects Days 2026|WikiProjects Days 2026]] (online, June 19 to 21). A community gathering focused on making WikiProjects more useful, visible, and alive. [[d:Event talk:WikiProjects Days 2026|Propose a session]] (deadline for proposals: May 26, 2026) or register now. ** [[m:Language_Diversity_Conference/Submissions|Language Diversity Conference]] - Call for Submissions ends 15 May 2026. ** [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/04/29/wikidata-community-summit-2026-coscup-call-for-proposals/ Wikidata Community Summit 2026 @ COSCUP] - Call for Proposals ends May 9, 2026. ** [https://www.laguardia.edu/event/lic-photo-walking-tourwikipedia-workshop/ LIC Photo Walking Tour + Wikipedia & Wikidata Workshop] - May 16, 12:30 - 16:00 EDT (UTC-4). A historical walking tour of Long Island City, New York, concluding with a Wiki-skills workshop at LaGuardia. Registration on the event link. * Ongoing: [[d:Wikidata:Events/Coordinate_Me_2026|COORDINATE ME 2026]] - a Wikidata competition for geolocatable content has just started and ends 31 May 2026. Visit the link for details on how to participate. ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs: ** [https://christianmahnke.de/en/post/blog-visualisation/ Visualised Blog metadata through SPARQL queries] - ChristianMahnke blog. ** [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/04/22/mozilla-common-voice-meets-wikidata-how-the-dagbanli-dictionary-got-audio-usage-examples/ Mozilla Common Voice Meets Wikidata (How the Dagbanli Dictionary Got Audio Usage Examples)] ** [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/05/03/wiki-loves-mother-tongue-2026-in-the-igbo-community/ Wiki Loves Mother Tongue 2026 in the Igbo Community] ** [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/05/04/eduwiki-workshop-highlights-practical-uses-of-wikimedia-commons-in-education/ EduWiki Workshop Highlights Practical Uses of Wikimedia Commons in Education] ** [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/05/02/recap-wiki-for-human-rights-lgbtiq-nigeria-february-and-march-training/ Recap: Wiki for Human Rights, LGBTIQ+ Nigeria, February and March Training] ** [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/05/01/the-new-artfeminisms-wikidata-modules-are-here/ The new Art+Feminism’s Wikidata Modules are here!] * Videos: ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9lEyzX98BFE Panel on Wikidata and public domain in Colombia] (Spanish): on April 24th, the National Library of Colombia, The Cultural Network of the Bank of the Republic of Colombia, Wikimedia Colombia and Fundación Conector discussed about digital heritage and Wikidata, its challenges and opportunities for collaboration. ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qAnnn-Bk7Tk Wikibase - an introduction by Jason Evans] (Open Data Manager, National Library of Wales). Produced by the Wikimedian in Residence channel, University of Edinburgh. ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OV4aL2PdjIc A uMap based on Wikidata] - a use-case of Holy Wells located in Ireland, associated with female Saints, powered by Wikidata and OpenStreetMap. ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ViOkEYQLggM Wikifunctions in practice: Reusable Logic for Wikimedia] - Presentation given by Toby Hudson ([[d:User:99of9|User:99of9]]) at the Wikiconference Australia 2026. ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-qYi3xPtB8I Mentor Me! Session 3A] - This in-person and hands-on session is provided by the Wikimedia Tyap User Group, and continues in the following sessions: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J4b6Y3w4_ME Mentor Me! Session 3B] and [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X2QM5RdJhl0 Mentor Me! Session 3C]. Led by Gwakhap D. Anthony, it will cover how to document languages with Wikidata lexemes. * Africa Wiki Women: ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1mrF98BA1SM Linking images from Commons to Wikidata and Wikipedia] - how images are used across the Projects with examples documenting African Women. ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fANX6mDde5A Newbies Monthly Meetup for Africa Wiki Women] - further training and introductory skills for Wikidata and how it interacts with the other Wikimedia Projects. ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yvatmrH1uhQ EditHer Africa Contest (April)] - a beginner-friendly hands-on Wikidata item creation guide and launch of the monthly contest, with a focus on African Women in Works and Leadership. ''' Tool of the week ''' * [https://openhistory.app OpenHistory] – interactive historical atlas of 21k+ Wikidata-sourced historical events, polities, and territories on a timeline+map. SPARQL-driven pipeline, MIT/CC BY-SA. ([https://github.com/kdhillon/openhistory GitHub]) ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * [https://wikitrivia.tomjwatson.com/ WikiTrivia] - the webgame about putting historical events in the correct order recently got a huge update, thanks to creator Tom Watson. * [[mw:Wikimedia_APIs/Rate_limits|Wikimedia API's / Rate limits]] - new rate limits are being added for all Wikimedia projects, to ensure sustainable use to the REST an ACTION API's. If you operate a bot and it has recently started producing an error message for producing too many API requests, please consult the linked MediaWiki page and amend your bot as needed. ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * Newest General datatypes: [[:d:Property:P14387|‎meta-category for]] (<nowiki>topic or class of items covered by the lowest categories in this meta-category's hierarchy</nowiki>) * Newest External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P14368|KISTI article ID]], [[:d:Property:P14369|FISH Monument Types Thesaurus ID]], [[:d:Property:P14370|FISH Evidence Thesaurus ID]], [[:d:Property:P14371|Organization in cooperation with ISO ID]], [[:d:Property:P14372|ScriptSource script code]], [[:d:Property:P14373|‎ScriptSource language code]], [[:d:Property:P14374|Tube8 performer ID]], [[:d:Property:P14375|Bundestag Group Minutes ID]], [[:d:Property:P14376|Westra code]], [[:d:Property:P14377|Myrotvorets ID]], [[:d:Property:P14378|‎Irish State Administration Database Unit ID]], [[:d:Property:P14379|Hessische Parlamentarismusgeschichte Abgeordneten-ID]], [[:d:Property:P14380|YouPorn performer ID]], [[:d:Property:P14381|‎GFMIS Agency Code]], [[:d:Property:P14382|‎Royal Australian Air Force service number]], [[:d:Property:P14383|‎Plataforma Acácia ID]], [[:d:Property:P14384|‎Observatório Terras Quilombolas ID]], [[:d:Property:P14385|BIOSOP ID]], [[:d:Property:P14386|BIOKAND ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/(found) liable of|(found) liable of]] (<nowiki>tort or civil wrong a person or organization was found liable of</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/DMCA takedown policy URL|DMCA takedown policy URL]] (<nowiki>DMCA (Digital Millennium Copyright Act) takedown policy or submitting page of this hosting site or UGC (User Generated Content) distributor</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/18 U.S.C. § 2257 policy URL|18 U.S.C. § 2257 policy URL]] (<nowiki>age requirement documentation URL statement of this website or company</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/monolingual text name properties|monolingual text name properties]] (<nowiki>(with an associated language code) name by which a subject is recorded in a database, mentioned as a contributor of a work, or is referred to in a particular context</nowiki>) * New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Gidrologicheskaya Izuchennost Code|Gidrologicheskaya Izuchennost Code]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/QBWiki article ID|QBWiki article ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Dijital İstanbul ID|Dijital İstanbul ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/NaPTAN stop area code|NaPTAN stop area code]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Identifiant Cairn d'un éditeur|Identifiant Cairn d'un éditeur]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Darwin Correspondence person ID|Darwin Correspondence person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ACM Digital Library institution ID|ACM Digital Library institution ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SensCritique person ID|SensCritique person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ National Archives of Japan Digital Archive ID| National Archives of Japan Digital Archive ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/VGs drapsoversikt ID|VGs drapsoversikt ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Semanticscience Integrated Ontology ID|Semanticscience Integrated Ontology ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Senkyo.com|Senkyo.com]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Objectif plumes author pages|Objectif plumes author pages]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Maoyan personage ID|Maoyan personage ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/critify.de publication ID|critify.de publication ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BookNotification author ID|BookNotification author ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: [https://w.wiki/MR9w Script style of manuscript Qur'ans] * Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]]: ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Early_Modern_Silesia|Early Modern Silesia]] ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Tango|Tango]] * WikiProject Highlights: WikiProject Ontology has gathered a [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Ontology/Ontology_Course/Projects_Offering_2|list of potential projects]] for the second offering of the Wikidata Ontology course, and has published a subpage to discuss the future of [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Ontology/Status_of_Ontology_Classes_and_Properties|Ontology Classes and Properties]]. * Newest [[d:Wikidata:Database reports|database reports]]: [[d:Wikidata:Database_reports/unmarked_supercentenarians|Unmarked Supercentenarians]] - this list displays humans who do not have a claim ''supercentenarian (Q1200828)'' (or ''alleged supercentenarian (Q106991708)''), but the difference between their Date of Birth and Date of Death is greater than 110 years. * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: [[d:Q174284|Raiders of the Lost Ark]] - a 1981 film directed by Steven Spielberg and starring Harrison Ford, Karen Allen, and John Rhys-Davies. * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase Lexemes]]: [[d:Lexeme:L2205|gje (L2205)]] - Norwegian verb (jeː) meaning "to give", "to perform/hold", or "to diminish in strength" ''' Development ''' * Mobile statement editing: We continued fixing issues uncovered in testing * WikiProjects: We are working on adding links to the sidebar of Items to lead people to the respective WikiProjects for that Item. This way we hope to help people more easily find data modelling documentation as well as other editors interested in the same topic. [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] . [[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] ·[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 13:51, 4 May 2026 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=30424079 --> == Tech News: 2026-19 == <section begin="technews-2026-W19"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/19|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|Article guidance]] team invites experienced editors of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance/Pilot wikis and collaborators|pilot Wikipedias]]—Arabic, Bangla, Japanese, Portuguese, Persian, Turkish, Simple English, Spanish, and French—to help translate and adapt [https://b24e11a4f1.catalyst.wmcloud.org/wiki/Category:Pages_using_article_guidance sample outlines]. These outlines will guide editors in creating clear, well-structured, and policy-compliant articles when using [https://b24e11a4f1.catalyst.wmcloud.org/wiki/Special:NewArticle the feature] once it is launched in May 2026. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance#Adapting a sample outline in a Wikipedia|Simple instructions]] on how to translate and adapt the outlines are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council|Product and Technology Advisory Council]] has published [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/May 2026 draft PTAC recommendation for feedback|draft recommendations]] on a model that affiliates can follow when contributing to the technical space. Community members are invited to provide feedback on the recommendation until May 8th [[:m:Talk:Product and Technology Advisory Council/May 2026 draft PTAC recommendation for feedback|on the talk page]]. * The number of available thumbnail size preferences in MediaWiki is being reduced to three standardized options—Small (180px), Regular (250px), and Large (400px), as part of ongoing efforts to improve performance and reduce strain on thumbnail services. As a result, existing preferences will be mapped to the nearest new size (for example, smaller selections like 120px or 150px will render at 180px, while larger ones like 300px or 360px will render at 400px). The preferences interface will soon be updated to reflect these changes, and users who wish to opt out or provide feedback can do so. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T424909] * From now on, even when a permission expires automatically, users will receive an Echo notification similar to the standard notification for permission changes. There is a difference between this and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global reminder bot|Global reminder bot]] in that the latter reminds users a week ''before'' the rights are due to expire, so that they can renew the rights. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:32}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:32|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the problem where the ULS language selector in [[m:Special:Translate|Special:Translate]] would scroll vertically when it shouldn't, has been resolved. Previously, when users opened the "Translate to English" dropdown and typed certain inputs, the dialog would scroll vertically by a few pixels even when there was enough space to display all results. The dropdown no longer shifts unnecessarily when filtering languages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T358864] * The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]], which lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on a single page, continues to improve. For example, watchlists for Wikibase sites such as [[:d:|Wikidata]] now support [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:EntitySchema|EntitySchema]] elements for better tracking. The Live Updates mode now refreshes the special page every 60 seconds to comply with the updated [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|global API rate limits]] for improved real-time responsiveness. Additionally, a directionality bug that displayed links as "changes 3" instead of "3 changes" in mixed-direction lists has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415450][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T424422][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418091] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The second phase of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|global API rate limits]] has been rolled out to reduce the [[diffblog:2026/03/26/quo-vadis-crawlers-progress-and-whats-next-on-safeguarding-our-infrastructure/|impact of AI crawlers]] and ensure fair, sustainable access to Wikimedia resources, prioritising human and mission-aligned traffic. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits#Limits|Limits]] have been shifted from per-hour to per-minute, producing smoother traffic patterns and more predictable API load. Community users are not expected to be affected, and no action is required. Early indications show some User-Agent-based requestors are adjusting behaviour, and around 64% of automated API traffic has been identified. Monitoring continues, and Wikimedia Enterprise remains available for commercial support. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.27|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/19|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W19"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 20:40, 4 May 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30498077 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-20 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Macau National Security Law]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Lei relative à defesa da segurança do Estado projecto.JPG|center|300px]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The '''Macau National Security Law''' is a law in Macau which prohibits and punishes acts of treason, secession, and subversion against the Central government, as well as preparative acts leading to any of the three acts. Taken into effect on 3 March 2009, the purpose of the law is to fulfil Article 23 of the Macau Basic Law, the de facto constitution of the Macau Special Administration Region. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 02:53, 11 May 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30513945 --> == ''This Month in GLAM'': April 2026 == {| style="width:100%;" | valign="top" align="center" style="border:1px gray solid; padding:1em;" | {| align="center" |- | style="text-align: center;" | [[File:This Month in GLAM logo 2018.png|350px|center|link=outreach:GLAM/Newsletter]]<br /> <hr /> <div style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; text-align:center;">[[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/April 2026|<span style="color:darkslategray;">This Month in GLAM – Volume XVI, Issue IV, April 2026</span>]]</div> <hr /><br /> |- style="text-align: center;" | <span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman;"> '''<u>Headlines</u>'''</span> |- style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; text-align:center;" | <div style="text-align:left; column-count:2; column-width:28em; vertical-align:top;"> * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/April 2026/Contents/From the team|From the team]]: How the GLAM Community Can Shine in the 2026–27 Annual Plan * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/April 2026/Contents/Albania report|Albania report]]: International Roma Day 2026 in Tirana, Albania * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/April 2026/Contents/Argentina report|Argentina report]]: WikiConf Argentina and GLAM projects * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/April 2026/Contents/Asia report|Asia report]]: Documenting and citing oral knowledge in audio and video * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/April 2026/Contents/Australia report|Australia report]]: WikiCon Australia, ICIP, Orphan works and Trans-Tasman partnerships * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/April 2026/Contents/Brazil report|Brazil report]]: Wikimedia Brasil publishes book on the power and challenges of free knowledge * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/April 2026/Contents/Colombia report|Colombia report]]: We celebrate Public Domain Day with an expert panel / Celebramos el día del dominio público con un Panel de expertas * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/April 2026/Contents/Italy report|Italy report]]: Ongoing and New GLAM-Wiki Projects * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/April 2026/Contents/New Zealand report|New Zealand report]]: Women in Wartime event at Auckland Museum & an update for WiR NZBSI * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/April 2026/Contents/Nigeria report|Nigeria report]]: Wikimedia Commons Upload Campaign * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/April 2026/Contents/Macedonia report|North Macedonia report]]: Wikimedia MKD in Action: Digitization, Wikisource and Educational Workshops * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/April 2026/Contents/Poland report|Poland report]]: GLAM-Wiki Developments: Residencies, Partnerships and Audiovisual Heritage * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/April 2026/Contents/Serbia report|Serbia report]]: April in Wikimedia Serbia * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/April 2026/Contents/Switzerland report|Switzerland report]]: Le Donne di Villa Massimo * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/April 2026/Contents/UK report|UK report]]: A tenth-century Quran and Islamic Art in Urdu * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/April 2026/Contents/USA report|USA report]]: Wiki MIT launches and US meetups * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/April 2026/Contents/Biodiversity Heritage Library report|Biodiversity Heritage Library report]]: Update on the BHL Annual Meeting 27 April - 1 May & BHL Day * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/April 2026/Contents/Memory of the World report|Memory of the World report]]: Eight new articles on MoW inscriptions * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/April 2026/Contents/Events|Calendar]]: May's GLAM events </div> |- | style="font-family:Times New Roman; text-align:center; font-size:85%;" | [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter|Read this edition in full]] &bull; [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/April 2026/Single|Single-page]] |- | valign="top" colspan="2" style="padding:0.5em; font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:center; font-size:85%;" | To assist with preparing the newsletter, please visit the [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/Newsroom|newsroom]]. Past editions may be viewed [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/Archives|here]]. |- |} |} <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:GLAM/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in GLAM'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/GLAM|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · [[:m:User:Romaine|Romaine]] 13:51, 11 May 2026 (UTC)</div> <!-- Message sent by User:Romaine@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/GLAM&oldid=30513880 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #731 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2026-05-11. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#730]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * New requests for permissions/Bot: [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Bot/AAU_Research_NLP_Bot,_1|AAU Research NLP Bot 1]] - Task(s): Querying Wikidata for entities and relations and paths between them. From 1-hop until 3-hops. * Closed request for permissions/Bot: [[d:User:MarisDreshmanisBot|MarisDreshmanisBot]] (formerly ''ReNeuralAgent Bot'') has been approved after a community intervention, see the discussion [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Bot#Maris_Dreshmanis_—_ReNeuralAgent|here]]. ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: ** '''[[d:Event:WikiProjects_Days_2026|WikiProjects Days 2026]]''' will take place between '''19 - 21 June'''.<br>WikiProjects are crucial to improving data quality and onboarding newcomers to specific areas of Wikidata. This event is the place for all editors to discover WikiProjects, find ones to join, learn about their modelling practices and how to improve the content and tools of your favourite WikiProjects. '''[[d:Special:RegisterForEvent/3670|Register here]]''' to get any news or updates about this new Wikidata X Days event. The '''Call for Proposals''' is open! If you have an idea for a session, please '''[[d:Event_talk:WikiProjects_Days_2026|submit it here]]''' by '''26 May'''. ** [[d:Event:Wikidata Live Editing 122|Wikidata Live Editing]], 11 May ** [https://ai-bridges.org/2026/02/13/symposium/ AI Bridges Symposium] is taking place at ''Senate House, University of London'' across 28 and 29 May. (Free) Registration for this on-site event closes 21 May. The event will begin with introductions to Wikidata, Wikibase, connecting AI with Wikidata and follow on day 2 bringing the full ecosystem together for dialogue, debate, and collaborative action. * Ongoing: [[d:Wikidata:Events/Coordinate_Me_2026|Coordinate Me 2026]] - edit items with a [[d:Property:P625|P625 ''(coordinate location)'']] from the focus countries and be in the running for a prize. Ends 31 May 2026. ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs: ** [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/05/08/building-wikimedia-tools-in-northern-nigeria-the-arewa-techcom-hackathon/ Building Wikimedia tools in Northern Nigeria: launch of Arewa TechCom through the Arewa Wikimedia Hackathon 2026] ** [https://addshore.com/tag/wikibase-world/ Editing wikibase.world (a MediaWiki site), with Jules (an AI agent)] by Addshore. ** [https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/libraries-ai-infrastructure-african-edition-stuart-michael-edelenbos-bsage/ Libraries as AI Infrastructure: The African Edition] - reflections on overlooked African contributions to linked data and AI infrastructure, highlighting Wikibase-powered projects African Literary Metadata (ALMEDA) and Nigeria’s Semantic Name Authority Recognition (SNAR). By Stuart Michael Edelenbos ** [https://www.tabakalera.eus/en/tabakalera-has-promoted-open-access-cultural-knowledge-linking-medialab-catalogue-wikidata Tabakalera promotes open access to cultural knowledge by linking their medialab catalogue to Wikidata] ** [https://blog.stoa.org/archives/4398 The Stoa: a Review for Digital Classics - report on Linked Pasts 11 - Epigraphic Data in Wikidata, from Ontology to Practice] ** [[Diffblog:technical-tinkering-for-commonsdb-at-the-wikimedia-hackathon/|Technical tinkering for CommonsDB at the WM Hackathon]] by Ainali. ** [https://www.ezrabrand.com/p/introducing-index-historical-jewish-figures Ezra Brand - Introducing a New Index of Biblical, Talmudic, and Medieval Jewish Figures] - Wikidata helps index and categorise Jewish figures into distinct periods. ** (Deutsch) [https://arthist.net/archive/52383 ArtHist: New Art-Historical Resource on the Web] and [https://blog.tib.eu/2026/05/11/eingepraegte-geschichte-das-meistersiegel-wiki-ist-online/ TIB Blog: Embossed story – the Meistersiegel-Wiki is online] are both articles about the new ''Meistersiegel'' Wikibase instance. * Papers: [https://journals.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/index.php/dco/issue/view/7602 Volume 12,2] of [[:d:Q130266048|Digital Classics Online]] contains many papers regarding the use Wikidata and Wikibase in the field of Classics: ** [https://doi.org/10.11588/dco.2026.12.112296 ''Hypotheseis, a Database of Named Entities Surrounding Greek Rhetorical Exercises''] by [[:d:User:Epìdosis|Camillo Carlo Pellizzari di San Girolamo]] ** [https://doi.org/10.11588/dco.2026.12.112294 ''Altinum: a Wikidata Project for Digital Epigraphy and Prosopography''] by [[:d:User:Anna Clara Maniero Azzolini|Anna Clara Maniero Azzolini]] ** [https://doi.org/10.11588/dco.2026.12.112287 ''The NIKAW Project: An Infrastructure of Texts, Entities and Language Models to Study the Circulation of Knowledge in the Ancient World''] by [[:d:User:Ake1990|Margherita Fantoli]] * Videos: ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WGcTriZO6dA OpenDataDEx - Exploring Supreme Court Rulings in Wikidata], for The Knowledge Commons project. Try it out for yourself: [https://opendatadex.com/ Open Data Explorer] ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hGsdryuQwTI Wikidata: Introduction and Basics] - an introductory session provided by WMUG Uganda. ** (Arabic) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i67lJQfGPFg Introduction to Wikidata] hosted by Michel Bakhni for the channel: ''Wikimedia group for those interested in Islamic civilization'' * Presentations: ** (Deutsch) [[c:File:Wikidata_in_Museen,_Archiven_und_Bibliotheken.pdf|Wikidata in Museums, Archives and Libraries]] ** [[c:File:Wikicite_2025_white_paper_summary.pdf|White Paper (PDF) - Wikidata Days and Wikicite (2025)]] - Open bibliographic metadata in practice, what was learned in Bern and what libraries and the community can do next. ''' Tool of the week ''' * [https://opendatadex.com/ Open Data DEx Explorer] - ''"an interactive graph visualizer of semantic Open Data. Relationships are discovered heuristically and a graph structure created in real time, allowing navigation and insight into raw data without building formal ontologies."''Read more on [https://theknowledgecommons.org/ The Knowledge Commons blog], by Michelle Tomlyn. * [https://gapmap.wiki GapMap.Wiki] - explore knowledge gaps between different language Wikipedia's. GapMap identifies Wikipedia articles that exist in many languages but missing from the target, helping editors prioritize which articles to translate or create. No AI is used, just comparing publicly available databases. ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * Mobile editors can now edit all datatypes directly in the mobile view. To help improve this new interface, Wikimedia Deutschland is looking for volunteers (especially editors from Right-to-left languages) for UX testing sessions. Participants will be compensated for their time. Sign up [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/bo2e7e2a/apply here] (greatquestion) and learn more on the project page: [[d:Wikidata:Usability and usefulness/Item editing experience/Mobile editing of statements|Mobile editing of statements]] ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * Newest General datatypes: **[[:d:Property:P14392|‎energy density]] (<nowiki>amount of energy extractable from a substance (e.g. in a combustion engine) per unit of volume or of mass</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14401|‎Parental Advisory System rating]] (<nowiki>content rating for coin-operated video games</nowiki>) * Newest External identifierss: [[:d:Property:P14388|Cyprus company ID]], [[:d:Property:P14389|‎DBNL title ID]], [[:d:Property:P14390|ShotOnWhat film ID]], [[:d:Property:P14391|‎Shinmei database ID]], [[:d:Property:P14394|‎ColBase ID]], [[:d:Property:P14395|Lubimyczytać version/edition ID]], [[:d:Property:P14396|Files of the Reich Chancellery ID]], [[:d:Property:P14397|‎Darwin Correspondence person ID]], [[:d:Property:P14399|‎Gidrologicheskaya Izuchennost Code]], [[:d:Property:P14403|‎Brew TV movie ID]], [[:d:Property:P14404|National Archives of Japan Digital Archive ID]], [[:d:Property:P14405|PlayStation Trophies trophy ID]], [[:d:Property:P14406|Tax Identification Number (Spain)]], [[:d:Property:P14407|‎19star actor ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/concentration camp prisoner number|concentration camp prisoner number]] (<nowiki>registration or prisoner number assigned to a person in camps operated under Nazi persecution between 1933 and 1945</nowiki>) * New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ID für Kulturdenkmale in Lübeck|ID für Kulturdenkmale in Lübeck]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Datenbank-ID für Kulturdenkmale in Lübeck|Datenbank-ID für Kulturdenkmale in Lübeck]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Prime Video URL ID|Prime Video URL ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Prime Video GTI|Prime Video GTI]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Portable Antiquities Scheme record ID|Portable Antiquities Scheme record ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Identifiant d'un(e) éditeurice dans le DEF19 2.0|Identifiant d'un(e) éditeurice dans le DEF19 2.0]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Apple TV parson ID|Apple TV parson ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CINEMATODAY film ID|CINEMATODAY film ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Verfassungsblog author ID|Verfassungsblog author ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Blätter author ID|Blätter author ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/EGAFD film ID|EGAFD film ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Museum of Canadian Music artist ID|Museum of Canadian Music artist ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Museum of Canadian Music work ID|Museum of Canadian Music work ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BGAFD film ID|BGAFD film ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Movielens ID|Movielens ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Instrumentalistinnen-Lexikon ID|Instrumentalistinnen-Lexikon ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/parliament.scot member ID|parliament.scot member ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Space/Queries#Astronauts_members_of_space_missions|Astronauts members of Space Missions]] ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Horse_racing/Queries#All_horses|All Horses in Wikidata]] * Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]]: ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Horse racing|Project Horse Racing]] : On topics relating to horse racing. ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_William_%26_Mary_Law_School_EMCO|Project William & May Law School EMCO]] - to create and enhance entities for persons and corporate bodies related to the law school, for use in the library's metadata and archival work. * WikiProject Highlights: ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Govdirectory/Part_2:_How_to_use_QuickStatements_3.0_to_upload_data_to_Wikidata_for_Govdirectory|Project GovDirectory: How to use QuickStatements 3.0 to add data to GovDir]] ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Ontology/Ontology_Course/Projects_Offering_2/Modelling_Dictionary_Usage_Labels_in_Wikidata|Ontology Course: Projects Offering 2]] - Modelling Dictionary Usage Labels in Wikidata, Roots and Rhythms: Modelling music as cultural heritage. * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: [[d:Q208108|Catch Me If You Can]] - a 2002 film by Steven Spielberg starring Leonardo DiCaprio and Tom Hanks. A dramatic re-telling of the life and exploits of serial confidence man Frank Abegnale Jr., ironically the events of the film were later found to be mostly fabricated. ''' Development ''' * Mobile statement editing: We are continuing to improve the UX and fix issues uncovered in testing * Making WikiProjects more visible: We are working on adding links to the sidebar menu of Items to make it easier for people to find the WikiProject(s) associated with an Item, find like-minded people and learn about data modelling conventions etc in that particular area * Query Service: The service is being hit quite heavily and the Wikidata Platform team is working on blocking scrapers and misbehaving tools * Wikidata integration in the other Wikimedia projects: We are continuing our experiment to further reduce the amount of Wikidata changes that show up on Recent changes and Watchlist but don't actually change the article. Specifically we are looking at checking if there is any difference in the rendered article before and after the change coming from Wikidata [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Govdirectory|public universities]] * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] . [[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] ·[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 15:21, 11 May 2026 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=30513889 --> == Tech News: 2026-20 == <section begin="technews-2026-W20"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/20|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Community Tech has published [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/How to write a good wish|new guidance]] explaining how wishes on Community Wishlist are triaged and prioritized. The documentation is intended to help contributors write stronger proposals by clarifying the factors that influence prioritization decisions. Beyond vote counts, the guidance highlights considerations such as potential impact on the community when determining which wishes move forward. '''Updates for editors''' * The Reader Growth team is launching an experiment to test a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader_Growth/Share_Card|Share Card feature]] that allows readers to create visually engaging cards from Wikipedia articles or selected article sections and share them online, with each card linking back to the original article to help expand readership and article discovery. The mobile-only A/B test will be available to a portion of readers on Arabic, Chinese, French, Vietnamese, and English Wikipedia to better understand reading and sharing habits, and is scheduled to begin the week of May 18 and run for four weeks. * The Android and iOS Wikipedia apps recently released the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Apps/Team/25th_Birthday_Reading_Challenge|25-day reading challenge]] into Beta, as part of efforts to drive reader engagement by encouraging users to complete reading milestones. To track their reading streak during the challenge, App users can add a widget featuring Baby Globe to their home screen. The challenge officially begins May 11. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:17}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:17|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where the global preference for enabling syntax highlighting in wikitext could unexpectedly disable itself after being turned on, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T425286] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The ResourceLoader module <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>mediawiki.ui.input</nowiki></code></bdi>, deprecated since [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/39|September 2023]], will be removed this week. There is a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex/Migrating_from_MediaWiki_UI|guide for migrating from MediaWiki UI to Codex]] for any tools that use it. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T420125] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.2|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/20|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W20"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 19:18, 11 May 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30524429 --> == Wiki Loves Eurovision 2026 == [[File:Wiki Loves Eurovision edit-a-thon logo 2026.svg|right|250px]] Hello everyone! You are invited to participate in the "[[meta:Wiki Loves Eurovision 2026|Wiki Loves Eurovision]]" article writing contest, where our goal is to create new Eurovision-related articles in the CEE-language Wikipedia editions and improve existing ones. The contest will take place from May 10 to June 10, 2026, and prizes are available: * 1st prize: a voucher worth €60 * 2nd prize: a voucher worth €50 * 3rd prize: a voucher worth €40 * 4th–10th prize: a voucher worth €30 To participate in the contest and learn more, please visit [[meta:Wiki Loves Eurovision 2026|this link]]. --[[User:MHeidarzadeh-CEEhub|MHeidarzadeh-CEEhub]] ([[User talk:MHeidarzadeh-CEEhub|talk]]) 14:00, 16 May 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:MHeidarzadeh-CEEhub@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/CEE&oldid=30513878 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #732 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2026-05-18. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#731]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * New requests for permissions/Bot: **[[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Bot/PatsaBot 1|PatsaBot 1]] - '''Task/s:''' Add sitelink from [[Special:PrefixIndex/Template:Taxonomy/|Template:Taxonomy/*]] on thwiki to same entry from enwiki and update Thai description from generic template format to "แม่แบบอนุกรมวิธาน" (taxonomy template). **[[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Bot/MarisDreshmanisBot 2|MarisDreshmanisBot 2]] - '''Task/s:''' Create occupation Q-items and add native-language labels on existing occupation Q-items from 33 state-issued national occupation classifiers (165 national registries, 154 countries, ~30,000 new Q-items, ~120,000 native labels across 53 languages). **[[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Bot/ias-kbase|ias-kbase]] - '''Task/s:''' Read-only bulk entity lookups for an internal knowledge graph project. Fetches labels, claims, and sitelinks from Wikidata and intro-paragraph extracts from English Wikipedia. No writes. ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: ** Reminder: Propose a session for [[d:Event:WikiProjects_Days_2026|WikiProject Days 2026]]. Your proposal can be just one or two sentences. Suggestions include topics on how to use WikiProjects to connect with others and improve data modelling, how to revive a neglected WikiProject, and what makes a good WikiProject. [[d:Event talk:WikiProjects Days 2026|Propose a session now]]. Deadline Sunday May 24. ** Wikimedia Indonesia is hosting the [[:c:Commons:Kompetisi Penyajian Data|2026 Data Visualization Competition]] from 10th to 31st May 2026. We welcome visualization and essay submissions from Indonesian participants on various topics ranging from Indonesian history to biological diversity. ** [[d:Event:Swedish online editathon 300|The three-hundred online Wikidata meetup in Swedish]], May 24 ** [https://www.gw.uni-hamburg.de/ueber-die-fakultaet/digital-humanities/dh-lab/veranstaltungen/26-05-27-hands-on-wiki.html Wikidata: An Open Knowledge Graph for Research and Beyond], a workshop on-site at the Digital Humanities Lab (C2003), University Hamburg, 27 May, 14:15 – 15:45 CEST. Registration (via link). ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs: [https://forum.mapillary.com/t/easy-way-to-add-imagery-to-wikipedia-and-wikidata-items-with-wikishootme-and-mapillary/10375 Easy way to add images to Wikipedia & Wikidata items, with WikiShootMe and Mapillary] * Papers: ** [https://www.jlis.it/index.php/jlis/article/view/698 ''Wikidata and authority files: reconciliation and cooperation procedures''] by [[:d:User:Epìdosis|Camillo Carlo Pellizzari di San Girolamo]]: an overview of the interactions between Wikidata and library authority files and of the usage of Wikibase by library authority files up to July 2025 ** [https://www.jlis.it/index.php/jlis/article/view/675 ''Institutional practices in gender recording: an analysis of National Libraries''] by Novaes de Mendonça, and Ana Carolina Simionato Arakaki: contains references to Wikidata and its interconnection with library authority files ** [https://www.aidainformazioni.it/index.php/aidainformazioni/article/view/350 ''Modellizzazione delle conoscenze: Thesaurus Nuovo soggettario e Wikidata, due strumenti a confronto''] by [[:d:User:Elena Cencetti|Elena Cencetti]], Camillo Carlo Pellizzari di San Girolamo and [[:d:User:Elisabetta Viti2|Elisabetta Viti]] (in Italian): a detailed comparison of Wikidata and the [[:d:Q16583225|Nuovo soggettario Thesaurus]] as knowledge organization systems, with a case study regarding the reconciliation with Wikidata of a group of terms of the Nuovo soggettario Thesaurus regarding photography * Videos: ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fubhBJGz6YQ Curating shared knowledge about artifacts on Wikidata] with Till Grallert, it explores how the Jarāʾid project used Wikidata to build a multilingual, open knowledge graph of pre-1930 Arabic periodicals. ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H_oAlLw5CHs LIVE Wikidata editing #122] with User:Ainali and User:Abbe98 do some live editing on Wikidata (in English), and discuss the thought process of what they are doing and why they do it. ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rIoQFWGDb90 Every Major Oil and Gas Pipeline in History Mapped] - a visualisation utilising Wikidata, OpenStreetmap, Wikipedia and Global Energy Monitor. *Presentations **[[c:File:Reseau_LGBTQI_2026_-_John_SAMUEL.pdf|La fabrique collective des histoires queer dans les communs numériques]]. Presentation by [[User:Jsamwrites|John Samuel]] and panel, 2e Rencontres du Reseau Jeune Recherche LGBTQI+, Université Lyon 1, 12 May 2026 ''' Tool of the week ''' *[https://prop-explorer.toolforge.org/ Wikidata Property Explorer] is a tool by user Steven Liu. The tool is used for exploring Wikidata properties * [https://securitybaseline.eu securitybaseline] use Wikidata to get the domain names for institutions ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * [https://maproulette.org/browse/challenges/55009 MapRoulette Challenge (Chile)]: Improve heritage-related items around Santiago, Chile, linking them to Wikidata and OpenStreetMap. * The Wikidata Platform team has published its [[D:Wikidata:SPARQL_query_service/WDQS_backend_update/Backend_Replacement|backend replacement recommendation]] and accompanying [[wikitech:Wikidata_Query_Service/WDQS_Architecture_re-design|technical architecture]] for the migration of the Wikidata Query Service (WDQS) away from Blazegraph. Feedback is invited until May 25th 2026, especially on potential gaps and impacts on advanced use cases. Wikidata community members and WDQS users are also encouraged to help identify high-impact tools and workflows that may need attention on [[D:Wikidata:SPARQL_query_service/WDQS_backend_update/High-Impact_Use_Cases|this page]]. Feedback can be shared on the [[D:Wikidata_talk:SPARQL_query_service/WDQS_backend_update|Migration talk page]] or during the [[D:Wikidata:Blazegraph_Migration_Office_Hours|next office hour]]. See the [[D:Wikidata:Wikidata_Platform_team/Newsletter|WDP team newsletter]] for more details ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * Newest General datatypes: **[[:d:Property:P14408|contains cadastral area]] (<nowiki>cadastral area that is wholly or partly contained by a municipality</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14413|algebraic closure]] (<nowiki>‎algebraic closure of the field</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14414|real closure]] (<nowiki>real closure of the formally real field</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14415|eusocial caste]] (<nowiki>specialized type of an eusocial animal</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14416|Wikimedia Commons content descriptor]] (<nowiki>Wikimedia Commons content descriptor which applies to this media file</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14424|‎time expansion]] (<nowiki>factor by which a recording's duration has been extended or compressed relative to the original real-time event, without pitch correction.</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14425|‎SELL rating]] (<nowiki>French video game content rating (1999–2003)</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14427|age requirement documentation URL]] (<nowiki>URL for a website's statement of compliance with U.S. legal record-keeping requirements related to visual depictions of actual sexually explicit conduct</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14430|maximum vehicle length]] (<nowiki>maximum authorized length for vehicles (especially heavy goods vehicles) on a bridge, tunnel or road segment</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14431|maximum vehicle width]] (<nowiki>maximum authorized width for vehicles (especially heavy goods vehicles) on a bridge, tunnel or road segment</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14432|maximum vehicle weight]] (<nowiki>maximum authorized weight (tonnage / gross vehicle weight) for vehicles (especially heavy goods vehicles) on a bridge, tunnel or road segment (load limit)</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14433|maximum vehicle height]] (<nowiki>maximum authorized height for vehicles (especially heavy goods vehicles) on a bridge, tunnel or road segment (regulatory limit from signage)</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14434|‎independent of theory]] (<nowiki>theory that proves neither this proposition nor its negation</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14453|‎gender-neutral form of label]] (<nowiki>form of name or title with no assumption of gender</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14457|subject named as (monolingual text)]] (<nowiki>with an associated language code) name by which a subject is recorded in a database, mentioned as a contributor of a work, or is referred to in a particular context</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14458|alternative name (monolingual text)]] (<nowiki>with an associated language code) qualifier for alternative name(s), given for a subject in a database entry, or preserved in references (even these are no longer the preferred name</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14460|‎CWSAC classification]] (<nowiki>Level of military significance for American Civil War battles as defined by the 1993 Civil War Sites Advisory Commission (CWSAC) report.</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14465|DMCA takedown policy URL]] (<nowiki>DMCA (Digital Millennium Copyright Act) takedown policy or submitting page of this hosting site or UGC (User Generated Content) distributor</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14469|election result map]] (<nowiki>map that displays the result of this election</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14471|‎paid-up capital]] (<nowiki>portion of a company’s issued share capital that has been paid by shareholders</nowiki>) *Newest External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P14407|‎19star actor ID]], [[:d:Property:P14409|ACM Digital Library institution ID]], [[:d:Property:P14410|Stockholm public transport stop ID]], [[:d:Property:P14411|Go2Senkyo.com politician ID]], [[:d:Property:P14412|SensCritique person ID]], [[:d:Property:P14417|Census of Italian Architecture since 1945]], [[:d:Property:P14418|CINEFOX film ID]], [[:d:Property:P14419|‎CINEFOX person ID]], [[:d:Property:P14420|Cultural heritage Database-ID in Lübeck]], [[:d:Property:P14422|Dijital İstanbul cultural property ID]], [[:d:Property:P14423|VG homicide ID]], [[:d:Property:P14426|Portable Antiquities Scheme record ID]], [[:d:Property:P14428|‎EGAFD film ID]], [[:d:Property:P14429|Cairn.info publisher ID]], [[:d:Property:P14435|‎BGAFD film ID]], [[:d:Property:P14436|‎Apple TV person ID]], [[:d:Property:P14437|Blätter author ID]], [[:d:Property:P14438|‎critify.de publication ID]], [[:d:Property:P14439|Semanticscience Integrated Ontology ID]], [[:d:Property:P14440|Prime Video ID]], [[:d:Property:P14442|Objectif plumes author ID]], [[:d:Property:P14443|‎Museum of Canadian Music artist ID]], [[:d:Property:P14444|‎Museum of Canadian Music work ID]], [[:d:Property:P14445|Lübeck Culturul heritage ID]], [[:d:Property:P14446|Rhineland-Palatinate Cultural heritage ID]], [[:d:Property:P14447|DEF19 2.0 publisher ID]], [[:d:Property:P14449|MovieLens movie ID]], [[:d:Property:P14450|Verfassungsblog author ID]], [[:d:Property:P14451|QueenBallers player ID]], [[:d:Property:P14452|NaPTAN stop area code]], [[:d:Property:P14459|CycleBase cyclist ID (new)]], [[:d:Property:P14461|‎Book Notification author ID]], [[:d:Property:P14462|‎Prime Video GTI]], [[:d:Property:P14463|‎parliament.scot member ID]], [[:d:Property:P14464|Instrumentalistinnen-Lexikon ID]], [[:d:Property:P14468|Goodreads genre ID]], [[:d:Property:P14470|‎Giant Bomb Wiki ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to reviews: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/contributed to narrative universe|contributed to narrative universe]] (<nowiki>''(no English description proposed yet)''</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Grokipedia page title|Grokipedia page title]] (<nowiki>page title used in a Grokipedia article URL</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/especially|especially]] (<nowiki>qualifier for statements to refine a value that applies more generally, but applies especially to a more specific value; a more specific qualifier than "including" (P1012)</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Common Vulnerability Scoring System score|Common Vulnerability Scoring System score]] (<nowiki>Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) score</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Depicts taxon|Depicts taxon]] (<nowiki>depicts taxon</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Still taken from the film|Still taken from the film]] (<nowiki>Still taken from the film</nowiki>) * New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/StaphBase ID|StaphBase ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Geohashing wiki page|Geohashing wiki page]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/identifiant d'un fonds au catalogue collectif de France|identifiant d'un fonds au catalogue collectif de France]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Oireachtas bill ID|Oireachtas bill ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Defense Technical Information Center Accession Number|Defense Technical Information Center Accession Number]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/European System of Accounts ID (Germany)|European System of Accounts ID (Germany)]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Identifiant d'un éditeur sur OpenEdition|Identifiant d'un éditeur sur OpenEdition]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Natalie ID|Natalie ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/AV CHANNEL actress ID|AV CHANNEL actress ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Mineral Resources Data System deposit ID|Mineral Resources Data System deposit ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Wikimedia Phabricator project|Wikimedia Phabricator project]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/AWA artist ID|AWA artist ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Rakuten Music artist|Rakuten Music artist]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/recochoku artist ID|recochoku artist ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/identifiant AnnuSéries d'une série télévisée|identifiant AnnuSéries d'une série télévisée]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: [https://w.wiki/NadJ Library of Congress occupations by Label and Lccn no.] ([https://www.wikidata.org/w/index.php?title=Wikidata:Request_a_query&oldid=2492426393#Getting_'Subject_named_as'_qualifier source]) * WikiProject Highlights: ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Malaysia/Activity/Datathon/Wiki_x_K-pop_2026:_Datathon|Project Malaysia / Wiki x K-pop 2026 Datathon]] ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Occupations/Roadmap|Project Occupations / Roadmap]] ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_LD4_Wikidata_Affinity_Group/Project_Series/SummerCoworking|Project LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group / SummerCoworking]] * Newest [[d:Wikidata:Database reports|database reports]]: [[d:Wikidata:Database_reports/children_of_dead_mothers|Children born after Mothers death date]] ''' Development ''' * Tighter connection of the Wikibase Ecosystem: We've been working on making it possible to use Wikidata Items (and later from other Wikibase instances) as values in statements on other Wikibase instances. You can now try it out on a demo system or set up your own test instance to give it a try. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikibaseug@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/D4RA5JQAJ5MUUDIVHGELWWE7OSSWXV5B/ More details in the announcement]. * Wikidata integration in the Wikimedia projects: We are continuing the work on showing less irrelevant changes on recent changes and watchlist on Wikipedia and co by trying to determine if an edit from Wikidata actually changed the rendered article or not * Mobile statement editing: ** We worked on reducing the load for users with limited data ** We are continuing to fix issues uncovered in testing * Making Wikiprojects more visible: We are getting ready for testing of the prototype. We'll be adding links to the respective Wikirojects on Item pages in the tools menu to make it easier for people to find the corresponding Wikiprojects. This is based on statements already on the Item such as specific external IDs. [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] . [[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] ·[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 15:03, 18 May 2026 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=30539411 --> == Tech News: 2026-21 == <section begin="technews-2026-W21"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/21|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The Abstract Wikipedia team has identified five potential pilot wikis to assess their interest in adopting abstract articles on their wikis. The pilots are Malayalam, Bengali, Dagbani, Arabic, and Indonesian Wikipedia. The feedback period will be open until May 22. If your community is interested in becoming a pilot, [[m:Talk:Abstract Wikipedia|let us know on Meta]]. '''Updates for editors''' * An experiment to show [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/Reading lists|Reading Lists]] to logged-out readers on mobile web will launch on May 18 across German, Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, Polish, Dutch, Turkish, and Urdu Wikipedias, and will run for one month. The effort supports broader goals of helping readers save and organize articles for later reading, while encouraging habits that could lead to future Wikipedia contributions. * To support a bookmark button in the Reading List beta feature, the "Tools > Action" menu has been updated to display icons, including the watch star indicator that helps editors identify temporarily watched articles. The icons now also match those used on mobile, improving consistency across platforms. The change is currently limited to the actions menu and mainly affects editors with privileged user rights. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T426008] * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Suggestion Mode|Suggestion Mode]] was released as an [[w:en:A/B test|A/B test]] for newcomer editors on the mobile website at [[phab:T421189|~15 Wikipedias]]. The experiment will measure the impact that Suggestion Mode has on the proportion of newcomer mobile web edit sessions that result in constructive (un-reverted) article edits. The experiment will also evaluate the feature's impact on editor retention, and monitor changes in revert and block rates. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue in the Wikipedia Android app where images could sometimes fail to load after opening a recommended reading list notification, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418231] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata Platform|Wikidata Platform team]] has published its [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:SPARQL query service/WDQS backend update/Backend Replacement|backend replacement recommendation]] and accompanying [[wikitech:Wikidata Query Service/WDQS Architecture re-design|technical architecture]] for the migration of the Wikidata Query Service (WDQS) away from Blazegraph. Feedback is invited until May 25th 2026, especially on potential gaps and impacts on advanced use cases. Wikidata community members and WDQS users are also encouraged to help identify high-impact tools and workflows that may need attention on [[d:Wikidata:SPARQL query service/WDQS backend update/High-Impact Use Cases|this page]]. Feedback can be shared on the [[d:Wikidata talk:SPARQL query service/WDQS backend update|Migration talk page]] or during the [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Blazegraph Migration Office Hours|next office hour]]. See the [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Wikidata Platform team/Newsletter|WDP team newsletter]] for more details. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.3|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * On English, French, Japanese, and a few other Wikipedias, there was a [[diffblog:2025/09/02/better-detecting-bots-and-replacing-our-captcha/|trial of hCaptcha]], a third-party bot detection service. The trial showed that hCaptcha effectively detects and deters some bad-faith automated activity, on its own and by giving [[w:en:Wikipedia:Village pump (technical)/Archive 225#Introducing SuggestedInvestigations|checkusers and stewards]] signals to look into. Because the results were positive, hCaptcha will be rolled out across all wikis over the next few weeks. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Anti-abuse signals/hCaptcha|See the hCaptcha project page]] for technical information about the implementation and privacy protections. [[diffblog:2026/05/04/better-detecting-bots-and-replacing-our-captcha-part-2/|Learn more]]. * The latest Community Tech update is now available, with progress across several Community Wishlist initiatives, including Reading Lists expansion from the mobile app to the website, new language support for "Who Wrote That" and the Personal Dashboard, improvements to 3D rendering and Charts, and upcoming work on talk page sorting, audio playback, and editing workflows. The update also shares current priorities, wishlist status trends, and opportunities for community feedback on future focus areas and the Wikimedia Foundation’s 2026–2027 Annual Plan. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Updates#May 13, 2026: Latest updates from the Community Tech team|Read the full newsletter for details]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/21|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W21"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 20:18, 18 May 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30539262 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-21 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Stela of the cactus bearer]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:es:Estela del portador del cactus]])&#32;([[:ca:Estela del portador del cactus]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Estela Wachumero en Chavin.jpg|center|300px]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The '''stela of the cactus bearer''' is a monolith or stele of a single piece of granite, belonging to the Chavín culture of ancient Peru, which remains in its original location on the northwest side of the circular plaza at the archaeological site known as the ceremonial center of Chavín de Huántar in the Ancash region of Peru. It was discovered during the 1972 excavation season by Peruvian archaeologist Luis Guillermo Lumbreras. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 04:05, 21 May 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30529698 --> == ''The Signpost'': 22 May 2026 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[File:WikipediaSignpostIcon.svg|40px|right]] ''News, reports and features from the English Wikipedia's newspaper''</div> <div style="column-count:2;"> * News and notes: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-05-22/News and notes|Offline: Osama Khalid still in prison]] * In the media: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-05-22/In the media|Indonesian editors, you shall return!]] * Disinformation report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-05-22/Disinformation report|Who is a typical paid editor? Who are their typical clients?]] * Recent research: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-05-22/Recent research|WikiLambda the Ultimate]] * Traffic report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-05-22/Traffic report|This is where I'll be, so heavenly, so come and dance with me Michael!]] * Forum: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-05-22/Forum|WikiAnnotate: help us build a dataset of article quality evaluations]] * In focus: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-05-22/In focus|Demystifying the 2026-27 Annual Plan]] * Opinion: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-05-22/Opinion|Wikipedia isn't a battleground. So why does it feel like one?]] * Serendipity: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-05-22/Serendipity|Wikinews: Into the Wikiverse]] * Special report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-05-22/Special report|Wikimedia Foundation closes Wikinews after 21 years]] * Community view: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-05-22/Community view|Wikipedia's traffic drop: more on languages and freshness]] * Gallery: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-05-22/Gallery|Earth Day and Mother's Day]] * Comix: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-05-22/Comix|Brother, can you spare a page?]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost|Read this Signpost in full]]''' · [[w:en:Wikipedia:Signpost/Single|Single-page]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Signpost|Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] 05:19, 22 May 2026 (UTC) <!-- Sent via script ([[w:en:User:JPxG/SPS]]) --></div> <!-- Message sent by User:Bri@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Signpost&oldid=30513885 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-22 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Griffith Hughes]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The Reverend '''Griffith Hughes''' (1707 – c.1758), FRS, was a Welsh naturalist, clergyman, and author. Hughes wrote The Natural History of Barbados, which included the first description of the grapefruit (also known as "The Forbidden Fruit"). His work was praised by Linnaeus, but it has also been considered a "scientific fraud". <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 02:32, 25 May 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30529698 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #733 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2026-05-25. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#732]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * New requests for permissions/Bot: [[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Bot/Skolkoll-bot 1|Skolkoll-bot 1]] - '''Task(s)''': Adding Skolverket identifiers and source URLs to Swedish school items ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: Wikicafé May Edition: ''De Wikidata à Wikipédia abstraite : promesses et illusions du savoir structuré (From Wikidata to Abstract Wikipedia: Promises and Illusions of Structured Knowledge)'', Presentation by [[User:Jsamwrites|Jsamwrites]], [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1779793200 May 26, 2026 at 13:00] [https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Projet:Wikifier_la_science/WikiCaf%C3%A9s video link], organized by [[User:DMontagne en résidence|DMontagne en résidence]]. ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Papers: [[:d:User:Anna Clara Maniero Azzolini|Anna Clara Maniero Azzolini]], [[:d:User:Pietro Ortimini|Pietro Ortimini]], and [[:d:User:Epìdosis|Camillo Carlo Pellizzari di San Girolamo]], [https://www.saeg-papers.it/ultimo-fascicolo#h.6zzzvpg7mcw2 ''Wikibase and Wikidata for Greek and Latin Epigraphy: Modelling, Analysing, and Making Reusable Linked Open Data''] * Videos: [[:d:User:Digitalphilologist|Monica Berti]] and Camillo Carlo Pellizzari di San Girolamo, [https://github.com/SunoikisisDC/SunoikisisDC-2025-2026/wiki/Summer-2026-Session-5 ''Wikidata Queries for Greek and Latin Philology''] (SunoikisisDC, Summer 2026); [[:commons:File:SunoikisisDC Summer 2026 - Wikidata Queries for Greek and Latin Philology.pdf|slides on Commons]] + [https://www.youtube.com/live/HuFZNZ7E9pw video on Youtube]; for more information, cf. the WikiProjects [[:d:Wikidata:WikiProject Antiquity/Pauly-Wissowa|Antiquity/Pauly-Wissowa]] and [[:d:Wikidata:WikiProject LAGL|LAGL]] ''' Tool of the week ''' * [https://lexemap.toolforge.org/ LexeMap] - is a lexeme coverage mapper that audits Wikidata lexeme data across languages. It runs live SPARQL queries against Wikidata and cross-references against Wiktionary to identify gaps in lexicographical data. ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * Starting May 28, 2026, the <code>Special:EntityData</code> page will no longer support the PHP‑serialized format (e.g <code>.php</code> URLs). Affected requests will return HTTP errors. Please switch to a stable format like JSON (example: <code>Q42.json</code>). The change is already active on test and beta wikis. ([https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikidata@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/W4SBS3PREJYEAVZU2JSV47ZJWOJJ7YM6/ full announcement]) ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * Newest External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P14475|‎SIK-ISEA document ID]], [[:d:Property:P14476|identifiant d'un fonds au catalogue collectif de France]], [[:d:Property:P14477|‎StaphBase ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/PCBS Locality code|PCBS Locality code]] (<nowiki>Locality Code of the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/nameplate image|nameplate image]] (<nowiki>image of a name-plate or similar identifying plate of the subject</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/photographer|photographer]] (<nowiki>photographer</nowiki>) * New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Identifiant Bibliothèques patrimoniales de Paris|Identifiant Bibliothèques patrimoniales de Paris]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CUEAnexo|CUEAnexo]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Enciclopedia Católica Wikitólica ID|Enciclopedia Católica Wikitólica ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Adult Film Database film series ID|Adult Film Database film series ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Adult Film Database studio ID|Adult Film Database studio ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Satker ID|Satker ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Inaproc Instance ID|Inaproc Instance ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/British Libray catalogue ID|British Libray catalogue ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Swedish-Danish Dictionary ID|Swedish-Danish Dictionary ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Roller-results.com skater ID|Roller-results.com skater ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: [https://query.wikidata.org/#%23%20people%20born%20at%20sea%0ASELECT%20DISTINCT%20%3Fperson%20%3FpersonLabel%20%3FplaceLabel%20%3Fdob%20WHERE%20%7B%0A%20%3Fperson%20wdt%3AP19%20%3Fplace.%0A%20%7B%20%3Fplace%20wdt%3AP31%2Fwdt%3AP279*%20wd%3AQ165.%20%7D%20UNION%20%7B%20%3Fplace%20wdt%3AP31%2Fwdt%3AP279*%20wd%3AQ1229765.%20%7D%0A%20OPTIONAL%20%7B%20%3Fperson%20wdt%3AP569%20%3Fdob.%20%7D%0A%20SERVICE%20wikibase%3Alabel%20%7B%20bd%3AserviceParam%20wikibase%3Alanguage%20%22en%22.%20%7D%0A%7D%0AORDER%20BY%20%3Fdob%20%3FplaceLabel People born at the sea] ([https://twitter.com/WikidataFacts/status/832620159118385154 source]) * Newest [[d:Wikidata:Database reports|database reports]]: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Database_reports/Sitelinks_to_Wiktionary List of items with links to Wiktionary main space.] * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q66 Boeing(Q66)] ''' Development ''' * Mobile statement editing: ** We continued working on reducing the page size to make it easier on mobile data plans ** We are improving how error messages are shown * Making WikiProjects more visible: We are continuing the work on getting it ready for a first rollout. [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] . [[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] ·[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 15:30, 25 May 2026 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=30560068 --> == Tech News: 2026-22 == <section begin="technews-2026-W22"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/22|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Following a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments#LOWM|successful account creation experiment]], an improved logged-out edit warning message will be deployed to all Wikimedia wikis in the first week of June. The change will only affect logged-out users on mobile web who open an editing session. The updated experience is designed to encourage account creation more clearly, while still allowing users to edit with temporary accounts. Results from the experiment showed a significant increase in account creation, with a 27% relative lift among users shown the updated message. As expected, as more people funnel into account creation, temporary accounts decreased by a relative 16%. The experiment did not show any significant changes in constructive edit rates or other monitored contributor metrics. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T424595] '''Updates for editors''' * For security reasons, members of certain user groups are [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Mandatory two-factor authentication for users with some extended rights|required to have two-factor authentication]] (2FA) enabled. Members of these groups will be unable to disable the last 2FA method on their account, and it will be impossible to add users without 2FA to these groups. Users will still be able to add new authentication methods or remove them, as long as at least one method is continuously enabled. In the next few weeks, users without 2FA will be removed from these groups. Notably, this applies to bureaucrats. See the linked tasks for deployment schedules. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T423119][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T423120] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes|WMDE Technical Wishes]] will run an [[w:en:A/B testing|A/B test]] on [[:phab:T415904|10 wikis]], testing [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/Reference Previews|potential improvements for Reference Previews]]. The experiment will run for ~2 weeks at the end of May / beginning of June and will affect 10% of desktop readers on the participating wikis. * After two successful experiments, the Reader Growth team is rolling out an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/Image Browsing|Image Browsing]] beta feature for all Wikipedias on mobile on May 25. This means that anyone who has all beta features on by default will start to see this feature, and others can check the box to turn it on in their preferences. The beta feature will include a carousel of all an article's images at the top of the article, with controls for editors to [[mw:Readers/Reader_Growth/Image_Browsing#Phase_2.1_beta_feature|exclude images from the article's carousel or to exclude an article from the feature entirely]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:30}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:30|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, three dimensional STL files were being rendered incorrectly by the media viewer 3D extension which is now fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416723] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The legacy CSS classes <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>tleft</nowiki></code></bdi> and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>tright</nowiki></code></bdi> have been replaced with <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>floatleft</nowiki></code></bdi> and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>floatright</nowiki></code></bdi> as the former do not work consistently across all MediaWiki platforms, notably mobile web and mobile apps. Projects relying on these classes are encouraged to review related usage and plan for migration. Please note that <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>floatleft</nowiki></code></bdi> and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>floatright</nowiki></code></bdi> may also be deprecated in future, although there are currently no plans to do so. [[phab:T426452|Read more]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.4|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/22|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W22"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 21:49, 25 May 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30584502 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-23 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Umuganda]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Umuganda"Rwandan community work".jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Umuganda''' is a national holiday in Rwanda taking place on the last Saturday of every month for mandatory nationwide community service from 08:00 to 11:00. Participation in Umuganda is required by law; failure to participate can result in a fine. The program was most recently re-established under President Paul Kagame in 2009, having resulted in a notable improvement in the cleanliness of Rwanda. Also, there are other informal Umuganda day activities that occur in the middle of the month. These activities are initiated by either society or the government. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 01:55, 1 June 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30529698 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #734 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2026-06-01. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#733]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * New requests for permissions/Bot: [[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Bot/William Avery Bot 13|William Avery Bot 13]] - '''Task/s:''' ** Per [[d:Wikidata:Project_chat#c-Limotecariu-20260524073600-Request_to_replace_Asturian_term_"*estauxunidense"_with_"d'Estaos_Xuníos"|Project Chat]], replace "''estauxunidense''" in Asturian descriptions with "''d'Estaos Xuníos''". Example manual edits [https://www.wikidata.org/w/index.php?title=Q60842075&diff=prev&oldid=2496674720 here] and [https://www.wikidata.org/w/index.php?title=Q20821183&diff=prev&oldid=2496674345 here]. ** Also adds a default label, per [[d:Help:Default values for labels and aliases#When should I use default values for labels and aliases?]] and remove redundant labels in the simplest cases. ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: ** [https://temporaerhaus.de/termine-und-oeffnungszeiten/ Temporaer Haus: OpenDataMonday], today, 1 June, 19:30 - 22:00 CEST, Augsburger Str. 23-25, 89231 Neu-Ulm. ** [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiKult_Netzwerktreffen_2026 WikiKult Netzwerktreffen 2026: “Wikidata in Kulturerbeinstitutionen”], 11-12th June, Wikimedia Deutschland. German-speaking event for people working with Wikidata in the cultural heritage sector. Open to experienced contributors and newcomers alike. ** [https://www.wikimedia.de/veranstaltungen/wikimedia-und-linked-open-data-im-glam-bereich-verankern/ Making Wikimedia and Linked Open Data Mainstream in GLAMs – The National Library of Wales Journey], 11 June 17:00 - 18:00 CEST, online (English with German translation) – Keynote by Jason Evans. ** (Deutsch) [https://www.zikg.eu/aktuelles/veranstaltungen/2026/podiumsdiskussion-wikibases-knowledge-graphs-und-wikidata Workshop // Wikibases, Knowledge Graphs und Wikidata], Tue 14 July, 10:00 - 13:00 CEST. Participation is for project members, Zentral Institut staff, and interested guests, on-site at Zentralinstitut für Kunstgeschichte. See link for registration details. ** [https://mwsmigration.hypotheses.org/1115 Doing Migration History with Digital Methods: Beyond a Database - Wikibase as Research Infrastructure for Migration Prosopography] Summer University at the German Historical Institute Paris, 8, rue du Parc-Royal, 75003 Paris, 23 June 16:00 CEST. ** [[d:Event:WikiProjects_Days_2026|WikiProjects Days 2026 - preparing the Program]] - watch this space next week for the first edition of the Event Program or [[d:Special:RegisterForEvent/3670|register]] to be notified of updates. ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs: ** ''[[d:User:Niryhpr/Behind_the_QIDs|Behind the QIDs]]'' by User:Niryhpr ** [https://cerlblog.wordpress.com/2026/06/01/improving-the-interconnection-between-wikidata-and-the-cerl-thesaurus/ ''Improving the interconnection between Wikidata and the CERL Thesaurus''] by [[:d:User:Epìdosis|Camillo Carlo Pellizzari di San Girolamo]], also presented (in Italian) in Videos. ** [https://technology.inquirer.net/147036/digitally-mapping-the-philippines-historical-markers Digitally mapping the Philippines’ historical markers] by Eugene Alvin Villar. * Papers: ** [https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.32521446 A data-driven analysis of automotive model evolution and technological lineage using Wikidata and Python network visualization] by P. Trunova (2026). ** (Italiano) [https://journals.openedition.org/jtei/6987 De Catulo a Wikidata] by Nusch et al. (2026). * Videos: ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sCoOIan3G9Y Adding lifting stones to Wikidata] - OSM for History Buffs ** (O'zbekcha) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AloZrt8HA2Q Participate in the Interlingual Relations Marathon and win!] - Oʻzbekcha Vikipediyadagi (ukwiki) has over 12,000 articles missing a sitelink...time to change that. ** (Italiano) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bb_WYaz9eYw&t=12665s Wikidata and Library Catalogs: Building and Enabling a Digital Resources Network] by Camillo Carlo Pellizzari di San Girolamo * Presentations: ** ''[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Wikicafe-JohnSAMUEL.pdf De Wikidata à Wikipédia abstraite : promesses et illusions du savoir structuré] (From Wikidata to Abstract Wikipedia: Promises and Illusions of Structured Knowledge)'', Presentation by [[User:Jsamwrites|Jsamwrites]], May 26, 2026, [https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Projet:Wikifier_la_science/WikiCaf%C3%A9s Wikicafé May Edition], organized by [[User:DMontagne en résidence|DMontagne en résidence]]. ([https://www.canal-u.tv/chaines/callisto/de-wikidata-a-wikipedia-abstraite-promesses-et-illusions-du-savoir-structure video]) ** [https://zenodo.org/records/20409899 DARIAH-EU WG DHwiki - A first year of activity] by D. Lindemann and G. Candela (2026). ''' Tool of the week ''' * [https://wdrc.toolforge.org/ Wikidata Recent Changes API]: This API lets you query Wikidata edits by either properties, or labels/aliases/descriptions/sitelinks. You can retrieve any changes, or specify added/changed/removed. ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * On 31 May, item '''[[Q140000000]]''' ("Maxx", about a cinema in Delmenhorst, Germany) was created. * Feedback wanted: To support improving Wikidata integration on the Programs & Events Dashboard, the EduWiki Hub invites Wikidata organizers, trainers, and contributors to share suggestions on metrics, tracking features, and workflows you would like to see in the dashboard. In addition, try out the new Advanced Search share your thoughts on the Dashboard talk page. ([https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikidata@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/BK5OBZPHZ7WDGTDPV6LNSLSEJRQLJMKT/ full announcement]) ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * Newest General datatypes: ** [[:d:Property:P14478|found liable for]] (<nowiki>tort or civil wrong a person or organization was found liable of</nowiki>) ** [[:d:Property:P14489|‎PCBS Locality code]] (<nowiki>Locality Code of the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics</nowiki>) * Newest External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P14479|AV CHANNEL actress ID]], [[:d:Property:P14480|AWA artist ID]], [[:d:Property:P14481|CUE/Anexo]], [[:d:Property:P14482|‎Defense Technical Information Center Accession Number]], [[:d:Property:P14483|Catholic Encyclopedia Wikitólica ID]], [[:d:Property:P14484|European System of Accounts ID (Germany)]], [[:d:Property:P14485|OpenEdition Publisher ID]], [[:d:Property:P14486|‎Mineral Resources Data System deposit ID]], [[:d:Property:P14487|‎Natalie ID]], [[:d:Property:P14488|‎Oireachtas bill ID]], [[:d:Property:P14490|Rakuten Music artist ID]], [[:d:Property:P14491|recochoku artist ID]], [[:d:Property:P14492|‎Adult Film Database film series ID]], [[:d:Property:P14493|‎Adult Film Database studio ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review: ** [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/category's topic is member of the class|category's topic is member of the class]] (<nowiki>qualifier for use with {{p|14387}} and {{P|4224}} to describe certain sets of categories</nowiki>) ** [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/applicable Structured Data on Wikimedia Commons|applicable Structured Data on Wikimedia Commons]] (<nowiki>the dataset associated with this external id usually contains data applicable to this other wikidata property</nowiki>) * New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/School ID of the Department of Education, Philippines|School ID of the Department of Education, Philippines]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Beeld en Geluid series identifier|Beeld en Geluid series identifier]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/DAM artist ID|DAM artist ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/DAM song ID|DAM song ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Joysound artist ID|Joysound artist ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Joysound song ID|Joysound song ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/K-MIB performer ID|K-MIB performer ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/DUGA actress ID|DUGA actress ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Chilean Museums Registry ID|Chilean Museums Registry ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Sokmil actress ID|Sokmil actress ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Filmmakers Person ID|Filmmakers Person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Model Mayhem ID|Model Mayhem ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/OCHA Place Code|OCHA Place Code]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Sri Lanka NGO Secretariat Registration Number|Sri Lanka NGO Secretariat Registration Number]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Sri Lanka Company Registration Number|Sri Lanka Company Registration Number]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/AV CHANNEL director ID|AV CHANNEL director ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/DUGA director ID|DUGA director ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/AllMyLinks ID|AllMyLinks ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/AV CHANNEL maker ID|AV CHANNEL maker ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/thegamerdex.com game ID|thegamerdex.com game ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/MyDirtyHobby ID|MyDirtyHobby ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Fontaines de Belgique ID|Fontaines de Belgique ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Wikiparfum fragrance ID|Wikiparfum fragrance ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Canadian Trademark Registration Number|Canadian Trademark Registration Number]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/DMM director ID|DMM director ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Pantheon.World ID|Pantheon.World ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: [https://w.wiki/Pra Map of countries receiving the Nobel peace prize] ** * Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]]: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Sri_Lanka|Project Sri Lanka]] for editors who would like to focus on adding materials for [[d:Q854|Sri Lanka <small>''(Q854)''</small>]]. * WikiProject Highlights: ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Govdirectory/Cape_Verde|Project Govdirectory added Cape Verde subpage]] ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_P244_maintenance/Progress_tracker|Project P244 maintenance progress]] - a manually-updated progress tracker, is there a way to automate it? * Newest [[d:Wikidata:Database reports|database reports]]: [[d:Wikidata:Database_reports/Identified_duplicates|Identified duplicates]] - this list shows items that most likely need merging but cannot due to conflicting sitelinks. * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: [[d:Q140000000|Q140000000: Wikidata's 140 Millionth Item]] ''' Development ''' * Mobile editing of statements: ** We fixed how we handle statements with deleted Properties ([[phab:T402619]]) ** We improved the behaviour when using the browser's back button ([[phab:T414454]]) ** We continued working on improving the way error responses are shown ([[phab:T423613]]) ** We addressed issues found in testing * Improving the visibility of WikiProjects: We added support for finding the associated WikiProject of an Item based on statements on the Item * GraphQL: ** We are working on expanding the data available through search. Specifically we are including all Item data in search result nodes ([[phab:T427389]]) and extending the query by Item and Property value to return all Item data ([[phab:T416885]]) ** We are improving the documentation. [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Govdirectory/Nigeria|Nigeria]] * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] . [[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] ·[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 15:45, 1 June 2026 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=30605449 --> == This Month in Education: May 2026 == <div class="plainlinks" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 15 • Issue 5 • May 2026</span> <div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/May 2026|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/May 2026/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div> <div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div> <div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;"> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2026/Teaching innovation with Wikimedia. Shared experiences in Spanish Universities|Teaching innovation with Wikimedia. Shared experiences in Spanish Universities]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2026/Editing Wikipedia with Viktor Hygo High School in Albania|Editing Wikipedia with Viktor Hygo High School in Albania]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2026/Debating free license in Brazil|Debating free license in Brazil]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2026/Microclimatic Explainers: A short-form media approach to build micro-level environmental awareness in India|Microclimatic Explainers: A short-form media approach to build micro-level environmental awareness in India]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2026/Ukraine publishes the first academic collection of papers on Wikipedia and Wikimedia Projects|Ukraine publishes the first academic collection of papers on Wikipedia and Wikimedia Projects]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2026/Wiki Digital Youth Club Launches in Tanzania: Youth Build Digital Skills Through Competitive Quest Challenges|Wiki Digital Youth Club Launches in Tanzania: Youth Build Digital Skills Through Competitive Quest Challenges]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2026/Wiki Youth Participation in Building Rwanda’s Open Knowledge Ecosystem|Wiki Youth Participation in Building Rwanda’s Open Knowledge Ecosystem]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2026/Wikimedia Digi-Youth Club in Nigeria|Wikimedia Digi-Youth Club in Nigeria]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2026/Wikimedia MKD's Education News & Activities|Wikimedia MKD's Education News & Activities]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2026/Wikipedia Serbia's interns and Wiki Ambassadors provide crucial support towards end of the school year|Wikipedia Serbia's interns and Wiki Ambassadors provide crucial support towards end of the school year]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 16:53, 1 June 2026 (UTC)</div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&oldid=30604297 --> == Tech News: 2026-23 == <section begin="technews-2026-W23"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/23|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|Reader Experience team]] is conducting an experiment to show the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/Reading lists|reading lists]] feature, which is still in development, to logged-out mobile readers to test whether it encourages account creation at a higher rate compared to the watchstar button. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/Reading lists#Experiment timeline|experiment]] was launched on May 18th on German, Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, Polish, Dutch, Turkish, and Urdu wikis, and it will run for a month. * The Wikimedia Apps team released [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Explore Feed Refresh/Phase 1|Phase 1]] of the redesigned Home Feed to the Android Beta app. The new Home Feed includes a refreshed "Community" tab and a personalized "For You" tab featuring daily updated reading recommendations. The redesign is part of a broader effort to improve content discovery and create more engaging learning experiences in the Wikipedia apps. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:18}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:18|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where images could fail to load for some suggested edits on [[w:Special:Homepage|Special:Homepage]], leaving the thumbnail stuck in a loading state, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T424048] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.5|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/23|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W23"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 21:05, 1 June 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30613639 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-24 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:it:Juryeonggu]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:kr:주령구]])&#32;([[:ja:酒令具]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:주령구의 발굴 당시 사진.png|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> Il '''Juryeonggu''' (주령구?, 酒令具?, JuryeongguLR, ChuryŏngguMR) è un dado a 14 facce, risalente al periodo del Silla unificato (668-935 d.C.), ritrovato nel 1975 dopo alcuni scavi occorsi presso il Donggung e lo stagno Wolji di Gyeongju, in Corea del Sud. Le facce del dado mostravano inscrizioni recanti varie penalità o sfide, legate ad un gioco di bevute, dimostrando l'importanza dell'alcool e la raffinatezza con cui la sua assunzione veniva celebrata. L'artefatto originale è andato perduto, incendiato in un maldestro tentativo di preservazione: oggi ne esistono delle repliche, disponibili anche commercialmente. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 01:20, 8 June 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30622359 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #735 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2026-06-08. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#734]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_comment/Mass-editing_policy|RfC: Mass editing policy]]: The community is currently voting on a proposed policy to regulate mass edits on Wikidata. More input is needed to reach a broad consensus. Please review the proposal and join the discussion/vote on the RFC page. ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: ** [[d:Event:WikiProjects_Days_2026#Sessions|'''WikiProjects Days 2026''' - see the first version of the program!]] The online event takes place during the weekend of June 19 - 21. [[d:Special:RegisterForEvent/3670|Register]] for updates and access links. ** [[d:Wikidata:Mezi bajty/Mezi bajty 0|Mezi bajty 0]] - meetup of the Czech Wikidata community in Prague and online, 10th June 17:00 - 19:00 CEST (in Czech, Slovak, English) ** [[m:Event:GND_(Gemeinsame_Normdatei)_SPARQL_Workshop|GND (Gemeinsame Normdatei) SPARQL Workshop|]], 17th July 17:00 - 19:30 CEST (in German) - workshop from the German National Library on use of their SPARQL-endpoint for the GND (Gemeinsamer Normdatei) national authority file for wikidata users and wikipedians. ** (Deutsch) [https://www.nfdi4objects.net/events/n4o_activity_20260818-CM26-RS_Wikidata/ Workshop: Make Research Software Findable using the Software Marketplace Wikidata] - August 18, 14:00 – 16:00 Uhr (CEST), Zoom-link on registration. ** '''[[D:Event:Blazegraph_Migration_Office_Hours_-_June_2026|Blazegraph Migration Office Hour (June session)]]''' will take place on Tuesday, 9 June 2026 (Tomorrow) at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1781020800 16:00 UTC]. This office hour is focused on supporting the migration away from Blazegraph as the backend of WDQS. Whether you have questions, need clarification, or want to discuss how your use case may be affected. You can register for the session via [[D:Event:Blazegraph_Migration_Office_Hours_-_June_2026|the event page]]. In preparation, add questions, feedback, or migration-related support needs to [https://etherpad.wikimedia.org/p/Blazegraph_Migration_Office_Hours this etherpad]. * Ongoing: [[m:Event:Wiki_Loves_Pride/2026|Wiki Loves Pride 2026 (Meta)]] is ongoing and now has a dedicated Wikidata subpage: [[d:Event:Wiki_Loves_Pride_2026|Event: Wiki Loves Pride 2026]]. ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs: ** (日本語/Japanese) [https://note.com/shoku_pan_65/n/nc6a788a55c91 [Practice drill: SPARQL basics to make and learn - Let's master Wikidata Query Service] by Shoku_pan_65. Page offers AI translations. ** [https://rtnf.substack.com/p/behind-the-p812-academic-major-property Behind the &lt;P812: academic major&gt; Property] by rtnf. ** [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/05/27/adding-visual-context-to-the-dagbanli-dictionary-how-the-university-of-ghana-hci-lab-dataset-powered-our-sentence-matching-system/ Adding Visual Context to the Dagbanli Dictionary: How the University of Ghana HCI Lab Dataset Powered our Sentence Matching System]. Diff post by Mohammed Sadat Abdulai and Mohammed Awal Alhassan. * Papers: ** [[m:Research:Newsletter/2026/May|Volume 16, Issue 5 of the Wikimedia Research Newsletter is out!]] - includes 7 papers on Wikidata topics. ** [https://academic.oup.com/database/article/doi/10.1093/database/baag030/8699725 Rosetta Statements: simplifying FAIR knowledge graph construction with a user-centred approach] - Vogt et al., (2026) ** (Русский/Russian) [https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.32579178 Automated Analysis and Visualization of Geographic Data on Global Volcanoes Based on the Wikidata Semantic Graph] - by Мария Паландер (2026). ** [https://arxiv.org/pdf/2606.02905 Speaker Mining: FAIR Data on Public Broadcasts for Question Answering] by Wittenborg et al., (2026) * Videos: ** (Español) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i9n8FH3dQ6o Wikidata for Climate Change, Wikipedia for Sustainable Futures] by Daniel Canedo, a workshop on using Wikidata to record linked open data from extreme weather events. ** (Svenska) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hMKm7csn7SE Merge Wikidata samma som] by Magnus Sälgö. What to do when you find duplicate Wikidata Items pointing at the same location on OpenStreetMap. ** (Español) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EoKYp0o5ar4 EntreWikis - Hacerwiki: Progress of Free Knowledge Projects in Colombia] - Colombian Art in Open Data: training and infrastructure on Wikidata ** (Français) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yhe3wJ46xo4 Wikidata for research and teaching] by Pascal Martinolli. Introduces Wikidata basics, SPARQL, practical examples of data visualisation, enriching research data and exploring the opportunities and limitations of linked open personal data. ** (Français) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H4NQb0-pb_k Literature review: FAIR data sharing | FAIR Data Spring 2026] - [https://zenodo.org/records/20510911 Presentation slides], given by Adélie Ranville on their experiences organizing and sharing data using Zenodo, DOI, Zotero, Wikidata, and OpenRefine. ** (Deutsch) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OR8_cD-p4ek Building a shared knowledge infrastructure: a federated wikibase for video and podcasts] hosted by Tim @BorgNetzWerk. ''' Tool of the week ''' * [[m:AutosuggestSitelink|AutoSuggestSitelink]]: New features available. See the update post on [[d:Wikidata:Project_chat#c-M2k~dewiki-20260528122200-AutosuggestSitelink:_New_features_available|Project Chat]] ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * The WMF [[D:Wikidata:Wikidata_Platform_team/Newsletter|Wikidata pltaform team monthly newsletter (June edition)]] is out * [https://observablehq.com/@pac02/gender-diversity-in-french-wikipedias-occupation-a Gender diversity in French Wikipedia's occupation articles] * [https://observablehq.com/@pac02/gender-diversity-in-french-wikipedias-articles-abo Gender diversity in French Wikipedia's articles about fields of knowledge] ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * Newest General datatypes:: **[[:d:Property:P14511|trailer of]] (<nowiki>works that this trailer video represents</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14516|‎EPBC conservation status]] (<nowiki>the conservation status from the Australian Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 assigned by the Australian Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water</nowiki>) *Newest External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P14494|‎Joysound artist ID]], [[:d:Property:P14495|‎Joysound song ID]], [[:d:Property:P14496|DUGA performer ID]], [[:d:Property:P14497|Sri Lanka Company Registration Number]], [[:d:Property:P14498|Wikimedia Phabricator project PHID]], [[:d:Property:P14499|‎Indonesian government work unit ID (satker ID)]], [[:d:Property:P14501|‎DAM artist ID]], [[:d:Property:P14502|‎British Library catalogue ID]], [[:d:Property:P14503|‎OCHA Place Code]], [[:d:Property:P14504|Philippines ‎School ID]], [[:d:Property:P14505|‎Swedish-Danish Dictionary ID]], [[:d:Property:P14506|Filmmakers actor ID]], [[:d:Property:P14507|Chilean Museums Registry ID]], [[:d:Property:P14508|Sri Lanka NGO Secretariat Registration Number]], [[:d:Property:P14509|Beeld & Geluid series ID]], [[:d:Property:P14510|‎INAPROC instance ID (Indonesia)]], [[:d:Property:P14512|DUGA director ID]], [[:d:Property:P14513|AV CHANNEL maker ID]], [[:d:Property:P14514|AV CHANNEL director ID]], [[:d:Property:P14515|AllMyLinks ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/applicable Structured Data on Wikimedia Commons|applicable Structured Data on Wikimedia Commons]] (<nowiki>the dataset associated with this external id usually contains data applicable to this other wikidata property</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/IAU member ID (new)|IAU member ID (new)]] (<nowiki>ID of members in the [https://www.iau.org/IAU/Default.aspx International Astronomical Union (IAU)].</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/height above ground level|height above ground level]] (<nowiki>a property intended to indicate the height of any objects from the ground</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Storm intensity classification|Storm intensity classification]] (<nowiki>category assigned to a meteorological system according to an intensity or classification scale; the scale should be indicated with a qualifier (P1013 and P585)</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/service status|service status]] (<nowiki>the operational status of something like ship or building</nowiki>) *New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/PTS News Network topic ID|PTS News Network topic ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/OTOTOY ID|OTOTOY ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/identifiant EU sanctions tracker|identifiant EU sanctions tracker]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/OpenParlData ID|OpenParlData ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Catholica.cz ID|Catholica.cz ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/KSW person ID|KSW person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/KSW organization ID|KSW organization ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/KSW place ID|KSW place ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Myludo ID|Myludo ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Identifiant dans La Basa|Identifiant dans La Basa]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/PurplePort ID|PurplePort ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Sokmil idol ID|Sokmil idol ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Hancinema company ID|Hancinema company ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/LinkMe ID|LinkMe ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Netmath Glossary ID|Netmath Glossary ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Sokmil director ID|Sokmil director ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: ** [https://w.wiki/QjCT Table of civic tech organizations with details] ([[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Civic_Tech/Query|source]]) ** [https://w.wiki/QjCZ Timeline of legalisation of same-sex marriage] ([[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_LGBT/Queries#Timeline_of_legalization_of_same-sex_marriages|source]]) * Schema examples: [[d:Q139959656|Nazareth Padilla Montero <small>''(Q139959656)''</small>]] has been added as a showcase example of [[d:EntitySchema:E10|human (E10)]] * Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]]: ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Civic_Tech|Project Civic Tech]] - for anyone developing datasets about civic resources in cities, and discuss best practices for Wikidata collaboration in civic tech. ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_AI_Cleanup|Project AI Cleanup]] - for reporting, monitoring and combatting edits and contributions from LLM and AI sources. ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Who_is_who_in_marine_taxonomy%3F|Project: Whos who in marine taxonomy?]] - inititated by the World Register of Marine Species ([https://www.marinespecies.org%7C WoRMS]), this project will document and enrich entities of the persons who have described marine species. * WikiProject Highlights: ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_LGBT/Abstract_Wikipedia|Project LGBT]] added an Abstract Wikipedia subpage. ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Roads/Greece/National_roads|Project Roads]] added a subpage for Greece National roads with highly-visual tables. ** [[d:Event:Wiki_x_K-pop_2026:_Datathon_2.0|Wiki x K-Pop datathon 2.0]] - there is still some work to do to reach the goal on modelling the album: BABYMONSTER. * Newest [[d:Wikidata:Database reports|database reports]]: [[d:Wikidata:Database_reports/Deleted_Wikidata_entities_used_in_SDC|Deleted Wikidata entities that are connected to Commons files structured data (SDC)]] * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase Lexemes]]: [[d:Lexeme:L652968|kafuni]] - Dagbanli noun that translate to "fan" in English ''' Development ''' * The team was involved in workshops last week so there are no updates. [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] . [[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] ·[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 14:54, 8 June 2026 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=30646984 --> == Tech News: 2026-24 == <section begin="technews-2026-W24"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/24|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Wikimedia Enterprise has increased the free usage limits for its API offerings. The monthly request limit for the On-demand API has increased from 5,000 to 50,000 requests, while the Snapshot API limit has increased from 15 to 30 requests per month. In addition, Structured Contents snapshots are now available for free accounts. These changes expand access to Wikimedia Enterprise data for developers, researchers, and organizations using Wikimedia content. [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/enhanced-free-api] '''Updates for editors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Apps/Team/Explore Feed Refresh/Phase 1|refreshed Explore Feed]], now called the Home Feed, is rolling out to 50% of users of the Wikipedia Android app. The Home Feed helps readers discover relevant content through two new tabs: ''Community'' and ''For You''. The Community tab provides a scrollable feed of curated content and updates from the broader Wikimedia community and movement, while the ''For You'' tab offers a full-screen, swipeable experience that shows content tailored to a user's interests. The redesign is part of a broader effort to improve discovery and enhance the learning experience in the Wikipedia app. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS/"Which came first?" Game|Which came first?]] daily trivia game is now available in the beta version of the Wikipedia iOS app in English, German, French, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, Arabic, Chinese, and Turkish. The game uses historical events from Wikipedia's "On This Day" content and challenges readers to guess which of two events happened first. The game was previously released on Android. Communities interested in making the game available in their languages can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Apps/Team/Games#Game availability by language|read the instructions and requirements]]. * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|Sub-referencing]], a new MediaWiki feature that allows editors to reuse references with different details, will begin rolling out to Wikimedia wikis following a successful pilot phase. Deployment will start on 8 June for most [[wikitech:Deployments/Train#Wednesday|Group 1 wikis]] and French Wikipedia, with additional Wikipedia language editions receiving the feature over the coming months. Communities are encouraged to prepare by checking for [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&group=ext-cite&language=en&action_source=search&filter=%21translated&optional=1&action=translate untranslated Cite extension messages] in their language and reviewing any use of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reference Tooltips|Reference Tooltips]], which may require [[:phab:T416304#11668731|updates]] to support the new functionality. Wikis using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Reference Previews|Reference Previews]] do not need to take any action. Communities may also wish to create the ''cite-tracking-category-ref-details'' [[Special:TrackingCategories|tracking category]] as a hidden category using <code><nowiki>__HIDDENCAT__</nowiki></code> (or a dedicated template), and connect it to the corresponding Wikidata item [[d:Q129764848]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T425662] * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/Mobile page previews#Experimentation|Page Previews experiment]] on mobile web has concluded. The team decided not to roll out the feature after the results showed no statistically significant impact on reader retention, as the primary success metric was retention improvement. Page Previews, which are already available on desktop and in the apps, display a thumbnail, lead paragraph, and link to the full article when readers tap a blue link. The experiment tested this experience on mobile web across six Wikipedias. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex/Design/Icons|user interface icon library]] will be [[phab:T399175|updated later this week or next week]]. Most of the ~300 icons have been slightly refined and ~30 new icons have been added. These changes improve the icons to make them more consistent and comprehensible, and provide more visual balance when they are used in groups. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Language Selector|Universal Language Selector]] (ULS) interface in MediaWiki, which helps users select content in other languages, has been updated. The new version improves speed and accessibility, and users of Wikimedia projects can now pin languages for quicker language switching. The deployment to Wikimedia sites will happen gradually in the coming weeks. You can test it now as a beta feature by selecting [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta features]] in your profile preferences and share your feedback on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Language Selector/New ULS|the project page]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where the Pageviews Analysis dashboard on pageviews.wmcloud.org stopped updating graph data in May 2026, affecting all users, has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T427171] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The function signature for <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>mw.util.addPortletLink()</nowiki></code></bdi> has been simplified. Developers can now pass a configuration object instead of a list of positional parameters when creating portlet links. The previous function signature remains supported for backwards compatibility. For example, instead of: <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>mw.util.addPortletLink('p-cactions', '#', 'Stub', 'ca-stubtag', 'Add a stub tag to this page');</nowiki></code></bdi> use <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>mw.util.addPortletLink('p-cactions', { href: '#', text: 'Stub', id: 'ca-stubtag', tooltip: 'Add a stub tag to this page' });</nowiki></code></bdi>. Script maintainers are encouraged to review existing uses of <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>addPortletLink()</nowiki></code></bdi> and update them where appropriate. This change will be available on all wikis from 11 June. Thanks to community volunteer Gerges for contributing this improvement. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T427945] * '''Community Wishlist discussion''': Product & Technology [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Updates#May 20, 2026: Community Tech becomes a program|introduced changes]] meant to increase the number and complexity of wishes fulfilled, including the disbanding of the Community Tech team. They are [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Updates|engaging in discussions]] about a [[m:Talk:Community Wishlist#Proposed direction for Wishlist|proposed direction for the wishlist]] from community members. Includes ways to structure annual voting, better tracking of wishes, removing focus areas, and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Updates|staffing updates]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.6|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/24|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W24"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 21:27, 8 June 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30650573 --> == ''This Month in GLAM'': May 2026 == {| style="width:100%;" | valign="top" align="center" style="border:1px gray solid; padding:1em;" | {| align="center" |- | style="text-align: center;" | [[File:This Month in GLAM logo 2018.png|350px|center|link=outreach:GLAM/Newsletter]]<br /> <hr /> <div style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; text-align:center;">[[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/May 2026|<span style="color:darkslategray;">This Month in GLAM – Volume XVI, Issue V, May 2026</span>]]</div> <hr /><br /> |- style="text-align: center;" | <span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman;"> '''<u>Headlines</u>'''</span> |- style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; text-align:center;" | <div style="text-align:left; column-count:2; column-width:28em; vertical-align:top;"> * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/May 2026/Contents/From the team|From the team]]: May Global GLAM Call Recording and June Call Announcement * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/May 2026/Contents/Australia report|Australia report]]: Celebrating #1Lib1Ref Australasia * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/May 2026/Contents/Brazil report|Brazil report]]: GLAM Connection: Fashion, History, and Biodiversity in May * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/May 2026/Contents/France report|France report]]: New Wikimedian in Residence * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/May 2026/Contents/Italy report|Italy report]]: Connecting the Arctic and Sicily through Wikimedia Projects * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/May 2026/Contents/Mexico report|Mexico report]]: How the cultural, governmental, educational, and museum sectors contributed in unison to Wikimedia projects * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/May 2026/Contents/Netherlands report|Netherlands report]]: Setting up your own platform (part 1): from wish to the creation of a wiki * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/May 2026/Contents/New Zealand report|New Zealand report]]: ESEAP Conference 2026 and the NZBSI WiR update * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/May 2026/Contents/Macedonia report|North Macedonia report]]: Wikimedia MKD Shares GLAM Experience at International Conferences * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/May 2026/Contents/Poland report|Poland report]]: Partnerships, Participation, and Open Knowledge * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/May 2026/Contents/Serbia report|Serbia report]]: May in Wikimedia Serbia * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/May 2026/Contents/Spain report|Spain report]]: El Prado en femenino III * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/May 2026/Contents/Switzerland report|Switzerland report]]: Museum for Communication, Panel IMD, Wikipedia Day * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/May 2026/Contents/UK report|UK report]]: Early Qurans on the front page of Wikipedia * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/May 2026/Contents/Biodiversity Heritage Library report|Biodiversity Heritage Library report]]: Updates on work by BHLWiki Working Group members * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/May 2026/Contents/Special story|Special story]]: New tools for multilingual audio, video and metadata * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/May 2026/Contents/Memory of the World report|Memory of the World report]]: New articles in Urdu * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/May 2026/Contents/Events|Calendar]]: June's GLAM events </div> |- | style="font-family:Times New Roman; text-align:center; font-size:85%;" | [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter|Read this edition in full]] &bull; [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/May 2026/Single|Single-page]] |- | valign="top" colspan="2" style="padding:0.5em; font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:center; font-size:85%;" | To assist with preparing the newsletter, please visit the [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/Newsroom|newsroom]]. Past editions may be viewed [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/Archives|here]]. |- |} |} <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:GLAM/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in GLAM'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/GLAM|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · [[:m:User:Romaine|Romaine]] 21:22, 12 June 2026 (UTC)</div> <!-- Message sent by User:Romaine@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/GLAM&oldid=30636889 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-25 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Cape Fiolent]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Beach of Cape Fiolent, Crimea.jpg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Cape Fiolent''' (Crimean Tatar: Felenk Burun; Ukrainian: Фіолент; Russian: Фиолент; Latin: Parthenium), also historically called Cape Fiolente, is a cape and nature reserve (zakaznik) located in southern Sevastopol, a city within Crimea that is internationally recognised as part of Ukraine but currently occupied by Russia since 2014. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 02:24, 15 June 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30662919 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #736 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2026-06-15. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#735]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * Request for comments: The discussion about reforming Wikidata's notability policy is ongoing. There is now a [[d:Wikidata:Requests for comment/Notability policy reform|new proposal waiting for your feedback]]. ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: ** [[:wmau:WikiLoves_Pride_Australia_2026|WikiLoves Pride 2026]] - six fortnightly editing sessions to add, expand and translate LGBTQ+ content on the Wikimedia projects. ** [[d:Event:WikiProjects_Days_2026|WikiProjects Days 2026]] is taking place this coming weekend, 19-21 June. Check out the daily program...<small>(click UTC for your local timezone)</small> *** [[d:Event:WikiProjects_Days_2026#Friday,_June_19th|Day 1]] / Friday, 19.06, 17:00 [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1781888400 UTC] - 20:00 [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1781899200 UTC] *** [[d:Event:WikiProjects_Days_2026#Saturday,_June_20th|Day 2]] / Saturday, 20.06, 10:00 [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1781949600 UTC] - 18:00 [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1781978400 UTC] *** [[d:Event:WikiProjects_Days_2026#Sunday,_June_21st|Day 3]] / Sunday, 21.06, 14:00 [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1782050400 UTC] - 18:00 [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1782064800 UTC] ** Click here -> [[d:Special:RegisterForEvent/3670|Register]] <- for access links to the event. ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs: **[https://jsamwrites.substack.com/p/preserving-pride-across-languages Preserving Pride, Across Languages] : From Wikidata to Abstract Wikipedia: A New Way to Think About Knowledge ** [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/06/13/visibility-of-communities-in-nigeria-on-wikidata-2-0-expanding-digital-representation-for-nigerian-communities/ Visibility of Communities in Nigeria on Wikidata 2.0: Expanding Digital Representation for Nigerian Communities] ** [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/06/14/the-years-first-quarter-with-the-igbo-wikimedians-user-group/ The Year’s First Quarter with the Igbo Wikimedians User Group] - Expanding partnerships and contributions to Wikidata, Wikipedia and other sister projects. ** [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/06/13/introducing-the-wiki-afrodemics-mentorship-project-cohort-1/ Introducing the Wiki Afrodemics Mentorship Project Cohort 1] - A pan-african and guided multilingual training on Wikipedia editing, Wikidata contribution, and resource mobilisation. ** [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/06/12/amplifying-womens-stories-and-indigenous-knowledge-feminism-and-folklore-2026-in-the-igbo-community/ Amplifying Women’s Stories and Indigenous Knowledge: Feminism and Folklore 2026 in the Igbo Community] - Improving the representation of women and cultural heritage in Igbo language on Wikidata, Wikipedia and Wikiquote. ** [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/06/14/a-reflection-on-what-i-learned-at-my-first-international-womens-day-celebration/ A Reflection on What I Learned at My First International Women’s Day Celebration] - Celebrating and documenting women activists and politicians on Wikipedia and Wikidata. ** [https://www.botany.one/three-tools-that-bring-digital-botany-within-reach/ Three Tools that bring digital botany within reach] (spoiler: One of them is Wikidata) - article available in DE, ES, FR, JA, PT and ZH-CN. * Papers: [https://dhq.digitalhumanities.org/vol/20/1/000838/000838.html Open Tool Registries! Resolving the Directory Paradox with Wikidata] by Grallert et al., (2026). As digital humanities tools proliferate, this paper argues that Wikidata can help connect the research landscape by documenting, citing and connecting tool registries. * Videos: ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sCoOIan3G9Y OSM / Lifting Stones in Wikidata] - a video tutorial on mapping lifting stones on OpenStreetMap, using two examples from County Kilkenny, Ireland. ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LANzP0OUoZs Mapping Every Wonder on Earth] - animated visualisation of UNESCO World Heritage Sites recorded in Wikidata. ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AY_gst9R3I4 2025: Tales of Discovery] - Museums and Heritage channel mentions how Wikidata is being used as a bridge between several sites and projects for 3D modelling ships, wrecks and other artifacts from maritime history. ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ncPqSIvDm-Q Mentor Me! Session 6] with Jinoy Tom Jacob, who will show us how to use OpenRefine to batch edit Wikidata and the Commons. ''' Tool of the week ''' * [https://bisikbekasi.rf.gd/index.php?page=item&id=L2 BisikBekasi] : Community-curated knowledge base where local data items [https://teletype.in/@hyloxira/qdyLFSX-1Px are integrated] with Wikidata items. ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * The [[mw:Growth/Feature_summary#NH|Newcomer Dashboard]] will be deployed to Wikidata pending on-wiki configuration by Admins. The dashboard aims to provide guidance, helpful links, and mentorship opportunities for new editors. * [https://viaacode.github.io/documentation-visualisations-guido-gezelle/ Guido Gezelle on Wikidata: networking in map] - this project created 5 visualisations produced from Wikidata on the poet Guido Gezelle. ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * Newest General datatypes: **[[:d:Property:P14517|print matrix state]] (<nowiki>in printmaking, a stage of development of the relief matrix after a permanent modification</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14519|body modification]] (<nowiki>deliberate altering of the human anatomy for non-medical reasons that this person or fictional character has undergone</nowiki>) * Newest External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P14518|Roller-results.com skater ID]], [[:d:Property:P14520|Wikiparfum fragrance ID]], [[:d:Property:P14521|EU sanctions tracker subject ID]], [[:d:Property:P14522|Maoyan celebrity ID]], [[:d:Property:P14523|CINEMATODAY film ID]], [[:d:Property:P14524|DMM director ID]], [[:d:Property:P14525|Model Mayhem ID]], [[:d:Property:P14526|‎DAM song ID]], [[:d:Property:P14527|OpenParlData ID]], [[:d:Property:P14528|‎IAU member ID]], [[:d:Property:P14529|PurplePort ID]], [[:d:Property:P14530|LinkMe ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Vistonline|Vistonline]] (<nowiki>Agenzia italiana di visti consolari e legalizzazione documenti, con sede a Roma</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Natural science/Taxon footprint|Natural science/Taxon footprint]] (<nowiki>Taxon footprint</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Sri Lanka Ministry of Education school census number|Sri Lanka Ministry of Education school census number]] (<nowiki>Unique identification number assigned to a school by the Ministry of Education of Sri Lanka, used in the annual school census and official examinations (G.C.E. O/L, A/L)</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/sport title|sport title]] (<nowiki>link to sport title (like master of sports or yokodzuna), besides chess and martial arts titles</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/dual notion in category theory|dual notion in category theory]] (<nowiki>dual notion in category theory</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/penalty shootout kicked by|penalty shootout kicked by]] (<nowiki>Indicates the person who took an individual penalty kick during a penalty shoot-out.</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Finnish educational institution ID|Finnish educational institution ID]] (<nowiki>Five-digit identification number for Finnish educational institutes assigned by Statistics Finland.</nowiki>) * New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Identifiant d'une personne sur ZicTrad|Identifiant d'une personne sur ZicTrad]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Skeivopedia ID|Skeivopedia ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Artistas Visuales Chilenos ID|Artistas Visuales Chilenos ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Mathlib declaration ID|Mathlib declaration ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/FES digital collections person ID|FES digital collections person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BBC Bitesize topic ID|BBC Bitesize topic ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Encyclopedia of China (Third Edition) ID (2026)|Encyclopedia of China (Third Edition) ID (2026)]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Sceneweb artwork ID|Sceneweb artwork ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Sceneweb production ID|Sceneweb production ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/regjeringen.no government ID|regjeringen.no government ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/regjeringen.no ministry ID|regjeringen.no ministry ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/regjeringen.no politician ID|regjeringen.no politician ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Maoyan film ID|Maoyan film ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Identifiant livres-cinema.info d'un auteur|Identifiant livres-cinema.info d'un auteur]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/National Operator Code (UK)|National Operator Code (UK)]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * WikiProject Highlights: ** [[d:Event:Wiki_x_K-pop_2026:_Datathon_3.0|Wiki x K-pop 2026: Datathon 3.0]] a.k.a the ICONIC BY MISTAKE EDITING party. ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Ontology/Ontology_Course/Projects_Offering_2/GLAM_Authority_Entity_Ontology_in_Wikidata|Ontology Course 2 / GLAM Authority Entity Ontology in Wikidata]] * Newest [[d:Wikidata:Database reports|database reports]]: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:Log?type=thanks&user=&page=&excludetempacct=1&wpdate=&tagfilter=&wpfilters%5B%5D=thanks&wpFormIdentifier=logeventslist Thanks Log] - who's thanking who and on what. * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: [[d:Q5020214|2026 FIFA World Cup (Q5020214)]] - in the United States, Mexico and Canada in 2026 * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase lexemes|Showcase Lexemes]]: [[d:Lexeme:L720932|alikaali (L720932)]] - Dagbanli noun (derived from ha <--ar) which can mean soothsayer, judge or Muslim scholar ''' Development ''' * Ontology federation: The development team is looking for people to give feedback on the new feature that allows editors on other Wikibase instances to use Wikidata's Items as statement values. ([https://wikibase-federation.com more details]) * GraphQL: ** We extended the searchItems field so that developers can now get all Item data immediately from the search results ([[phab:T416885]]) ** We are working on the ability to get only best ranked statements ([[phab:T428138]]) * MCP: The Wikidata MCP has been extended. You can now also use an MCP for other Wikibase instances. ([[d:Wikidata:MCP#Wikibase MCP|more details]]) * Wikibase Cloud: We are looking into making it possible to log into Wikibase Cloud instances with your Wikidata account to make it easier for Wikimedians to contribute on Cloud instances. * Wikidata integration in the other Wikimedia projects: ** We are planning the migration of the entity usage table to a new database cluster to handle increased usage of Wikidata's data across the Wikimedia projects. ** We are continuing our work to decrease the number of irrelevant changes coming from Wikidata that show up in Wikipedia's recent changes and watchlist. Specifically we are evaluating a prototype that looks at the rendered article before and after the change and determines if anything actually changed in the article before adding an entry to recent changes and watchlist. * Mobile editing of statements: ** We are improving support for RTL languages.([[phab:T360854]], [[phab:T427655]], [[phab:T427658]], [[phab:T427661]], [[phab:T428246]]) ** We started fixing multiple UI layout and spacing issues, including mandatory fields, value fields, snak types, references, and add-statement button usability ([[phab:T428766]], [[phab:T428761]], [[phab:T428759]], [[phab:T428450]]) ** We are improving the server-side rendering ([[phab:T409827]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] . [[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] ·[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 15:42, 15 June 2026 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=30669932 --> == Tech News: 2026-25 == <section begin="technews-2026-W25"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/25|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth|Reader Growth team]] has launched an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/Image Browsing|Image Browsing]] beta feature on the mobile web version of all Wikipedias. The feature shows an image carousel at the top of articles with 3 or more images. Editors can configure this feature with the following controls: to hide a specific image from a page, either use <code>class=notpageimage</code> excluding it from thumbnail previews, or <code>class=noviewer</code> excluding it from MediaViewer. The carousel can also be disabled from a page entirely, with the magic word <code><nowiki>__NOMEDIAVIEWERCAROUSEL__</nowiki></code>. To submit feedback or flag bugs, please visit the [[mw:Talk:Readers/Reader Growth/Image Browsing|project page]]. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Tables#class="wikitable"|Wikitables]] can now be [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Sortable tables#Forcing the initial sort direction|sorted in descending order]] on the first click by adding <code dir=ltr>data-sort-order="desc"</code> to the header cell. Previously, by default, clicking a column header for the first time sorts it in ascending order. This addition to a Wikitable gives it more control and flexibility, while the default behavior for subsequent clicks remains unchanged. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398416] '''Updates for editors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|Article guidance]] feature is currently being tested with some editors creating new articles on the Simple English, French, and Turkish Wikipedias. The experiment will soon begin on the Arabic and Bangla Wikipedias as well. [[w:simple:Special:NewArticle|This feature]] gives editors community-curated guidance to help them create articles that follow community standards. Experienced editors can continue creating or adapting outlines for specific article types that are commonly created by less experienced contributors. The outlines guide less experienced editors in creating high-quality articles. A quick guide to markups used in outlines can be found on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance/Test feature guide#Markups in outlines|this page]]. [[w:simple:Wikipedia:Article Guidance|Example outlines]] that can be adapted and instructions for how to adapt them are on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance#Adapting a sample outline in a Wikipedia|this section]] of the project page. * Wikis that wish to replace the "indefinitely" button in Special:Block for temporary accounts (for example, wikis that block temporary users only until account expiration) will be able to do so by creating [[MediaWiki:ipb-indefinite-expiry-temporary-account]] with the block duration they want. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T427125] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:41}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:41|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * By the end of June, a valid user-agent string will be required for automated dumps downloads from the dumps.wikimedia.org website. Automated requests that provide a generic or empty user-agent will be blocked. This [[phab:T400119|extends enforcement]] of the long standing [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Wikimedia Foundation User-Agent Policy|user-agent policy]]. Access to dumps through Wikimedia Cloud Services will not change. * The roll out of global [[mw:Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|API rate limits]] is now complete, with limits enforced across all APIs and at the documented levels for all groups. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki remain exempt. All bots should continue to follow the documented best practices to avoid being rate limited. * The [https://api.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page API Portal wiki] will be read only starting this week (June 15-18). The following week (June 22-25), all API Portal wiki URLs will redirect to [[mw:Wikimedia APIs|Wikimedia APIs on mediawiki.org]]. Learn more on the [[wikitech:API Portal/Deprecation|project page]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.7|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * On June 17th at 6pm UTC the WMF will be holding Discord call focused on a code review. We've heard through the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Developer Satisfaction Survey/2026|Developer Satisfaction Survey]] that volunteers are struggling with code review and we'd like to discuss these experiences with the goal of surfacing workable solutions. You can join the call [https://discord.gg/wikipedia?event=1514727511102062664 via the Wikimedia Community Discord server]. * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Conferencia Wikimedia de América Latina 2026|Latin American Wikimedia Conference]] will host a regional hackathon that will bring together the Wikimedia movement’s technical community including developers, system administrators, data scientists, and users with extended rights. Interested technical contributors can [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSf4osJzTHBJjQbYJk7TMVEJjTEQv7IgtsUDfP-o-qTgeRQQxw/viewform apply for a scholarship] to participate until June 21 at midnight (Bolivia time, UTC-4). * Sign up for Wikimania Team Challenges to join this special event. The Team challenges will take place online and in person from July 21 to 22, before Wikimania conference. Everyone is welcome, regardless of skills or Wikimania registration. Teams will work on 10 important challenges supporting the Wikimedia community. For details, visit [[wmania:Special:MyLanguage/2026:Team challenges|the Team Challenges page]] and [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/wm/teamchallenges/ register there]. Registration closes on June 20th at 11pm UTC. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/25|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W25"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 16:45, 15 June 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30689604 --> == ''The Signpost'': 21 June 2026 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[File:WikipediaSignpostIcon.svg|40px|right]] ''News, reports and features from the English Wikipedia's newspaper''</div> <div style="column-count:2;"> * From the editors: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-06-21/From the editors|Ways for beginners to support ''The Signpost'' community journalism]] * News and notes: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-06-21/News and notes|Community Tech development team disbanded]] * Disinformation report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-06-21/Disinformation report|PR for the people?]] * Recent research: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-06-21/Recent research|Proposed tagging system for AI involvement; successful and unsuccessful AI tools for contributors]] * In the media: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-06-21/In the media|Who won a 14th century battle and who won the 2026 Iran war?]] * Community view: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-06-21/Community view|Putting the Wish into the Wishlist]] * In focus: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-06-21/In focus|A global standard for Neutral Point of View]] * On the bright side: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-06-21/On the bright side|Flowers, blue helmets, reefs, pride, and Juneteenth]] * Op-ed: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-06-21/Op-ed|Breathe, Don’t Panic, there is a different story about Wikimedia + AI futures]] * Opinion: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-06-21/Opinion|Wikimedia Foundation staff develop union and Wikimedia user community reacts]] * Technology report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-06-21/Technology report|Community Tech team is disbanded, controversy erupts]] * Traffic report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-06-21/Traffic report|'Cause this is thriller, thriller night]] * WikiConference report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-06-21/WikiConference report|Report of Volunteer Supporters Network Annual Meeting 2026]] * Comix: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-06-21/Comix|Take your turn]] * Humour: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-06-21/Humour|Group of banned T-shirt makers comes out of hiding to sell new Wikipedia-themed merchandise]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost|Read this Signpost in full]]''' · [[w:en:Wikipedia:Signpost/Single|Single-page]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Signpost|Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] 03:21, 21 June 2026 (UTC) <!-- Sent via script ([[w:en:User:JPxG/SPS]]) --></div> <!-- Message sent by User:Bri@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Signpost&oldid=30604303 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-26 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Renovating Action Party]]'''<br /> <small>''([[:es:Partido de Acción Renovadora]])''</small> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Flag of the Renovating Action Party.svg|300px|center]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The '''Renovating Action Party''' was a left-wing Salvadoran political party that existed from 1944 to 1967. The party had three distinct phases of its existence under the leaderships of Colonel José Asencio Menéndez (1944–1950), the old line (1950–1964), and the new line (1964–1967). <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 01:52, 22 June 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30717601 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #736 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2026-06-22. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#736]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * Open request for adminship: [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Administrator/Ziv|Ziv]] - RfP scheduled to end after 24 June 2026 19:26 (UTC) * New requests for permissions/Bot: [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Bot/Nabbot_1|Nabbot 1]] - Task: Adding Turkish descriptions for scientific articles ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: ** The [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/wm/wikimania2026/schedule/ Wikimania 2026 program] has been revealed, go bookmark your favourite sessions. ** [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdneBEtREhStI9VLsTJ9xKKt9L4NEU_BSr297jdOjNTkQJ64A/viewform?pli=1 Physical Training; Improving Health Articles in Africa] - 21 June, 10:00, University of Ibadan. ** The [[m:WikiIndaba_conference_2026|WikiIndaba Call for Proposals ends June 30th]] - don't forget to submit your Wikidata-sessions. ** Sessions of the WikiProjects Days 2026 event will shortly be available on Commons: [[c:Category:Wikidata_WikiProjects_Days_2026_presentations|Presentations]] / [[c:Category:Wikidata_WikiProjects_Days_2026_videos|Videos]] ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs: ** [https://talk.tiddlywiki.org/t/wikitiddler-tiddlywiki-as-a-live-wikidata-frontend-zero-hosting-auto-updating/15419 WikiTiddler; Tiddlywiki as a live Wikidata frontend] - if you run a TiddlyWiki instance, you can now run queries to the Wikidata Query Service and convert the results to Tiddlers. ** [https://blog.tib.eu/2026/06/19/what-do-we-mean-when-we-talk-about-ai-and-open-knowledge/ TIB: What do we mean when we talk about AI and open knowledge?] - Lozana Rossenova details their experiences at the AI+Bridges Symposium. * Papers: ** [https://www.elgaronline.com/monobook/book/9781035353750/9781035353750.xml How to use Wikibase for Mixed-Methods Research], a book published by F. Bailo, E. Booth, and J. Williams ** [https://zenodo.org/records/20693572 Wikimedia as a Platform for Evidence Synthesis: Quantifying Bias and Literature Coverage in Crowd-Sourced Knowledge Graphs] by D. Mietchen, and J. Dearborn, (2026). ** [https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/14/12/2227 From Wikidata to Smart Tourism: A Reproducible Pipeline Based on AI and Fuzzy Logic for Interpretable Multi-Category Classification of Points of Interest] - This paper develops a reproducible pipeline that converts Wikidata POIs into an interpretable tourism taxonomy, enabling multi-category classification and personalized smart tourism applications. By Kontogianni et al., (2026) * Videos: ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EKIVrRgLQ6w Name Suggestion Index Explained: How OpenStreetMap Standardizes Brands] ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_MbZtO2Q2U0 EMCO Wikidata CoP meeting (2026-06-04)] ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AsBMBpc05sQ Using the Duplicity and WD Fist Tools to edit Wikidata] ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CkFuyX605nU Unlocking Data through Semantic Linking], presented at ENDORSE 2025 by Thora Hagen. Experiences using 19th-century German encyclopedias, demonstrating how semantic enrichment via Wikidata can reveal fascinating patterns. ** (Deutsch) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K9M4mIP0mZg From your pocket to the knowledge graph: SquirrelBase] is a Wikibase instance that functions as a semantic metadata and reference platform. Make 3D smartphone captures of cultural assets, artworks, and ephemeral structures FAIR. ''' Tool of the week ''' * [https://multilingualprogramming.github.io/MotusArtium/ MotusArtium] : Wikidata GraphQL showcase application for exploring and understanding art movements (alpha version). [https://github.com/multilingualprogramming/MotusArtium/tree/main/graphql GraphQL queries used] * As seen during WikiProjects Days 2026 - [[d:Wikidata:Tools/Enhance_user_interface#Userscripts_for_improving_data_quality|Classification.js]], visualise parent classes and identify incorrections, detect superclass tree loops. To use, click ''Activate'' and copy the two lines into your Common.js page. ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * Reminder: Try Ontology Federation to import Items from Wikidata to your Wikibase instance. Share your feedback in the linked survey. ([https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikibaseug@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/LOTFJGPF7V6SQ7KVE6P6RF5MDDBZBV5Q/ full announcement]) * A session at WikiProjects Days 2026 was devoted to general-purpose tools for WikiProjects. A new page under the main Wikidata tools page was created with a list and description of these tools. Take a look at [[d:Wikidata:Tools/WikiProjects|Wikidata:Tools/WikiProjects]] and add any missing tools. ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * Newest General datatypes: **[[:d:Property:P14531|meteorological intensity classification]] (<nowiki>category assigned to a meteorological system according to an intensity or classification scale; the scale should be indicated with a qualifier (P1013 and P585)</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14539|perfumer]] (<nowiki>person who created a perfume</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14540|‎dual notion (category theory)]] (<nowiki>dual of the concept in category theory</nowiki>) * External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P14532|catholica.cz ID]], [[:d:Property:P14533|‎Skeivopedia ID]], [[:d:Property:P14534|Mathlib Declaration ID]], [[:d:Property:P14535|Annuséries series ID]], [[:d:Property:P14536|FES digital collections person ID]], [[:d:Property:P14537|‎BBC Bitesize topic ID]], [[:d:Property:P14538|Sri Lanka Ministry of Education school census number]], [[:d:Property:P14541|Encyclopedia of China (Third Edition) ID (2026)]], [[:d:Property:P14542|OTOTOY artist ID]], [[:d:Property:P14543|livres-cinema.info author ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Visual style|Visual style]] (<nowiki>the visual style used in a video game (or other creative work)</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Gmedia rating (video games)|Gmedia rating (video games)]] (<nowiki>Video game ratings of the Saudi Arabian rating system ({{Q|Q28717438}})</nowiki>) * External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/altinget.se person ID|altinget.se person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Il cinema ritrovato film ID|Il cinema ritrovato film ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Stockholm Archipelago Trail ID|Stockholm Archipelago Trail ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/some properties for category theory|some properties for category theory]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Farzonagon ID|Farzonagon ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/TV Guide film ID|TV Guide film ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Letterboxd Writer ID|Letterboxd Writer ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/d Hits artist ID|d Hits artist ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/1SCREEN Person ID|1SCREEN Person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/1SCREEN movie ID|1SCREEN movie ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Fantia ID|Fantia ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/17LIVE ID|17LIVE ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CFLapedia player ID|CFLapedia player ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Model-Kartei.de ID|Model-Kartei.de ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/U-NEXT Parson ID|U-NEXT Parson ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/U-NEXT Video ID|U-NEXT Video ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/H-NEXT Parson ID|H-NEXT Parson ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ABEMA Video ID|ABEMA Video ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/FOD Parson ID|FOD Parson ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/LRT topic ID|LRT topic ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/FOD Video ID|FOD Video ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Jiji Press Member of Parliament ID|Jiji Press Member of Parliament ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Wildenstein Plattner Institute ID|Wildenstein Plattner Institute ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/belarusenc.by ID|belarusenc.by ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Huellas Digitales de la Memoria ID|Huellas Digitales de la Memoria ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/socrealizm.com.ua person ID|socrealizm.com.ua person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Pacelli edition person ID|Pacelli edition person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monument number|Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monument number]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Writing Systems Technical Resources script code|Writing Systems Technical Resources script code]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Répertoire des films classés film ID|Répertoire des films classés film ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Museum of Fine Arts, Houston person ID|Museum of Fine Arts, Houston person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Sri Lankan Parliament member ID|Sri Lankan Parliament member ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Kanal Architecture entry ID|Kanal Architecture entry ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Web The Television Parson ID|Web The Television Parson ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Web The Television Work ID|Web The Television Work ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: [[d:Q11446|ship (Q11446)]] - large buoyant watercraft ''' Development ''' * We enabled links to WikiProjects in the sidebar and added links to WikiProjects Music, Medicine, Datasets, sum of all paintings, and elections ([[phab:T422935|T422935]], [[phab:T422935|T422935]]) * We added a floating “add statement” button that makes it easier to add statements without looking through the existing statements ([[phab:T417641|T417641]], [[phab:T428450|T428450]]). * We’re working on making sure that users can tell when statements exist before they add new ones ([[phab:T424009|T424009]]). * We made some layout fixes to wbui2025 / MEX ([[phab:T428766|T428766]], [[phab:T428761|T428761]], [[phab:T428759|T428759]], [[phab:T427658|T427658]], [[phab:T428853|T428853]]). * We refactored error handling ([[phab:T423613|T423613]]). * We’re refactoring the server-side rendering so we don’t need separate .less style files ([[phab:T409827|T409827]]). * We’re working on the interaction between scrollable values and indicator icons ([[phab:T425974|T425974]]). [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] . [[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] ·[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 15:32, 22 June 2026 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=30669932 --> == Tech News: 2026-26 == <section begin="technews-2026-W26"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/26|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Feature summary|Growth features]] are [[phab:T418115|now available at Wikidata]]. This update enables access to Mentorship ([[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Mentorship|if configured]]), Impact module, the Help Panel, and a simplified Newcomer Homepage (without Suggested Edits). Wikidata administrators are still configuring the features through Community Configuration. '''Updates for editors''' * The special page [[{{#special:RangeCalculator}}]] has been created. It allows users to find an IP range without needing to rely on external tools. Until now, this tool was only available to CheckUsers. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T268429] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|Sub-referencing]] is a new MediaWiki feature that allows editors to reuse references with different details. It will be deployed to most small and medium-sized Wikipedia language versions on June 23. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#deployment|FAQ]] lists possible actions to take on your wiki to support the deployment. Check the [[:phab:T414094|rollout plan]] for the next deployment steps. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T428902] * Starting next week, users will get a notification when they are blocked or unblocked from editing, or if this block changes. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T100974] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:32}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:32|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Starting next week, abuse filters that are set to "require CAPTCHA verification" will begin to also affect users with the <code>skipcaptcha</code> right, which includes most autoconfirmed users. Bots are exempted. This change only affects edits that trigger an abuse filter. The <code>skipcaptcha</code> right will continue to exempt users from having to solve CAPTCHAs in the ordinary course of using the wikis. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402595] * Reference documentation for the [[wikitech:Machine_Learning/LiftWing/API|Lift Wing API]] has moved from the API Portal to the interactive [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?api=lift-wing&title=Special%3ARestSandbox REST Sandbox]. * The API Portal wiki is now closed. For API documentation, see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_APIs|Wikimedia APIs on mediawiki.org]]. All API Portal wiki URLs (https://api.wikimedia.org/wiki/) will redirect to the mediawiki.org page starting June 22. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T427537] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.8|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * Join an online call on 25 June at 2:30pm UTC to meet the current Wikimedia interns for [[mw:Google_Summer_of_Code/2026|Google Summer of Code]] and [[mw:Outreachy/Round_32|Outreachy]]. Interns will provide an overview of their projects and a brief demo of their work so far. Attendees are encouraged to [[mw:event:Google_Summer_of_Code/Summer_2026_June_Internship_open_session|share ideas and connections in their community]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/26|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W26"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 13:02, 23 June 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30722494 --> == June 2026 CEE Newsletter is out == Dear all, The [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/CEE/Newsletter/June_2026 June 2026 issue] of the CEE Newsletter has been published. After a three years of being an editor of the Newsletter, this will be my last issue. Over the years, I've been putting on multiple hats and now is time to take one off. I would like to share many thanks to everyone I had the honor of collaborating with. Many of you are not only readers, but also authors. It was always a great joy to read all the amazing stories from all around the region, you are the ones making this newsletter special. '''Read the full newsletter [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/CEE/Newsletter/June_2026 here].''' As always, we have prepared a [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/CEE/Newsletter/June_2026/ru Russian version] of the same issue. Happy reading! Take care, Jan --[[User:Janbery|janbery]] ([[User talk:Janbery|talk]]) 14:03, 26 June 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Janbery@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/CEE&oldid=30548854 --> == This Month in Education: June 2026 == <div class="plainlinks" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 15 • Issue 6 • June 2026</span> <div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/June 2026|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/June 2026/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div> <div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div> <div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;"> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/Wikipedia Editathon at Dinajpur Govt. College: Empowering Graduate Students in the Open Knowledge Movement|Wikipedia Editathon at Dinajpur Govt. College: Empowering Graduate Students in the Open Knowledge Movement]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/Wikimedia Serbia prepares for Edu Wiki camp 2026|Wikimedia Serbia prepares for Edu Wiki camp 2026]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/Wiki Digi-Youth Clubs pilot explores challenge-based learning across three countries|Wiki Digi-Youth Clubs pilot explores challenge-based learning across three countries]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/Why the EduWiki Hub Starter Kit Matters for the Future of Education|Why the EduWiki Hub Starter Kit Matters for the Future of Education]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/Portuguese Universities adopt free knowledge tools: Wikipedia is the favorite|Portuguese Universities adopt free knowledge tools: Wikipedia is the favorite]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/Translating on Wikipedia used as extra – credit assignment in University of Prishtina, Kosovo|Translating on Wikipedia used as extra – credit assignment in University of Prishtina, Kosovo]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/Strengthening Wikimedia Education Through Community Learning and Digital Literacy Initiatives|Strengthening Wikimedia Education Through Community Learning and Digital Literacy Initiatives]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/Small Group, Big Impact: Building Skills Through the Wikimedia Volunteer Focus Group in Botswana|Small Group, Big Impact: Building Skills Through the Wikimedia Volunteer Focus Group in Botswana]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/"25x25 Project – Celebrating Wikipedia" in Córdoba, Argentina|"25x25 Project – Celebrating Wikipedia" in Córdoba, Argentina]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/Mapping and gathering educational activities on Wiki in Brazilian universities|Mapping and gathering educational activities on Wiki in Brazilian universities]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/Growing Wiki Education in the Philippines: Highlights from Bikol WikiConference 2026|Growing Wiki Education in the Philippines: Highlights from Bikol WikiConference 2026]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/From Mentee to Builder: Six Months in the EduWiki Hub Mentorship Program|From Mentee to Builder: Six Months in the EduWiki Hub Mentorship Program]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/EduWiki Hub publishes its first Community Newsletter|EduWiki Hub publishes its first Community Newsletter]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/Click, Capture, and Contribute: Scaling Open Knowledge Through Mobile Photography|Click, Capture, and Contribute: Scaling Open Knowledge Through Mobile Photography]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/Education in Action: Limkokwing School Adoption Program 2026 and Wikimedia Learning Outcomes|Education in Action: Limkokwing School Adoption Program 2026 and Wikimedia Learning Outcomes]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/Impact of Wiki Digi youth Clubs initiative in education of Rwanda|Impact of Wiki Digi youth Clubs initiative in education of Rwanda]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 04:15, 28 June 2026 (UTC)</div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&oldid=30725833 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-27 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Facial age estimation]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Facial age estimation''' is the use of artificial intelligence to estimate the age of a person based on their facial features. Computer vision techniques are used to analyse the facial features in the images of millions of people whose age is known and then deep learning is used to create an algorithm that tries to predict the age of an unknown person. The key use of the technology is to prevent access to age-restricted goods and services. Examples include restricting children from accessing internet pornography, checking that they meet a mandatory minimum age when registering for an account on social media, or preventing adults from accessing websites, online chat or games designed only for use by children. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div>--[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 00:44, 29 June 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30717601 --> == Tech News: 2026-27 == <section begin="technews-2026-W27"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/27|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * As part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments|Account Creation Experiments]], the Growth team tested adding a user account icon in the mobile web header for logged-out users, providing direct access to "Create account" and "Log in" actions. The experiment increased account creation by about 20% without negatively affecting edit quality or constructive edit rates. The feature will now be rolled out to all Wikimedia Foundation wikis on mobile web in the first week of July. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T428220] * After a [[phab:T426248|successful experiment]], logged-in users who did not [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Email_confirmation|confirm their email address]] when their account was created see a new banner asking them to complete that process. This helps reduce the risk that users get locked out of their account, and makes account email addresses overall more reliable. This is part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security|Account Security]] project. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T428292] * An update to [[Special:Search|Search]] is refining how the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>-prefix:</nowiki></code></bdi> behaves when used to exclude results. Previously, using <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>-prefix:</nowiki></code></bdi> with negation could unintentionally broaden search results by adding the namespaces included in the search scope, leading to confusing behavior for users expecting a straightforward exclusion filter. With the update, <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>-prefix:</nowiki></code></bdi> will now strictly exclude matching page titles as intended and may display a warning if the relevant namespace has not been explicitly selected. The behavior of <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>prefix:</nowiki></code></bdi> without negation however remains unchanged. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T427443] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:33}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:33|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where reviewers using the Page Curation toolbar were not automatically subscribed to talk page discussions they started has now been fixed. Reviewers will now receive notifications when someone replies to those discussions. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T329346] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Starting June 29th, automated downloads from the dumps.wikimedia.org website will be subject to the [[Foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Wikimedia Foundation User-Agent Policy|user-agent policy]]. Automated requests that provide a generic or empty user-agent will be blocked. Access to dumps through Wikimedia Cloud Services remains unaffected. This is a follow up to the announcement made in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/25|2026/25 issue of Tech News]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.9|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/27|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W27"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 11:45, 29 June 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30744833 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #738 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2026-06-29. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#737]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * New requests for permissions/Bot: ** [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Bot/TopDevsBot|TopDevsBot]] - Task/s: Create new items for software-development, design, and consulting companies from source data: topdevs.ai ** [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Bot/SonalBot|SonalBot]] - Task/s: Reference Gardener (archive dead reference links) + Welcome Bot (welcome new users) * New request for comments: [[c:Commons:Requests_for_comment/Policy_update_for_AI_content|WM Commons: Policy update for AI content]] - this RfC will seek opinions on the use and allowance of AI-generated and modified content. This can have downstream impacts on Wikidata. ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: ** [[:meta:Wikimedia Taiwan/Wikidata Taiwan/2026年7月嘉義維基媒體街景踏查團暨工作坊|2026 Chiayi Streetview Workshop]] July 13 Time: 19:30-21:00 UTC+8 at Tâi-uân tôo-su-sik, Chiayi, Taiwan. ** OpenStreetMap X Wikidata Meetup #90 July 13 Time: 19:30-21:00 UTC+8 at [[d:Q61752245| Mozilla Community Space Taipei (Q61752245)]]. ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs: ** [https://blog.lobid.org/2026/06/23/nwbib-wikipedia-bot.html Lobid Blog: NWBibBot – Making a regional bibliography visible in Wikipedia with help from Wikidata] ** [https://tech-news.wikimedia.de/2026/06/24/knowledge-wants-to-be-found/ Tech News (WMDE) Knowledge wants to be found] - We interview Tim Wittenborg about the [https://en.borgnetzwerk.org/ WissKomm Wiki], from the Leibniz Information Center for Science and Technology in TIB Hannover. ** [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/06/29/bridging-open-knowledge-and-digital-rights-reflections-from-drif-2026-and-the-wikimedia-community/ Bridging Open Knowledge And Digital Rights: Reflections From DRIF 2026 And The Wikimedia Community] * Papers: [https://arxiv.org/pdf/2606.27933v1 MathModDB: A Database for Mathematical Models] - The Mathematical Models Database (MathModDB), deployed on the MaRDI Portal within Germany’s National Research Data Infrastructure, provides researchers with a curated knowledge graph that organizes scattered mathematical models, formulas, and assumptions, connects to related tools like MathAlgoDB and MaRDMO, and demonstrates practical use through cases such as plasma physics modeling. By Fiedler et al., (2026) * Videos: ** [[d:Event:WikiProjects_Days_2026#Sessions|WikiProjects Days 2026 - recordings now on Commons]], if you missed the event or want to recap what was discussed, individual session recordings are now available from the Event program. ** [[commons:File:Jason Evans, "Making Wikimedia and Linked Open Data Mainstream in GLAMs – The National Library of Wales Journey".webm|Jason Evans: Making Wikimedia and Linked Open Data Mainstream in GLAMs – The National Library of Wales Journey]] ''' Tool of the week ''' * [https://cyllchuesnconii.rf.gd/panoply/?id=8 Altilunium Panoply] : A lightweight Wikibase alternative for creating collaborative knowledge bases, written as [https://github.com/altilunium/panoply a single PHP file] with no dependencies. ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * [[d:Event:WikidataCon 2027/Call for expressions of interest to host|Call for local partners: WikidataCon 2027]]: Planning is underway for the next hybrid WikidataCon, and Wikimedia Deutschland is seeking a local affiliate to co-organize the on-site event. Expressions of Interest are due by 13 July. A Q&A clinic will be held on 1 July at 15:00 UTC ([https://bbb.wikipedia.de/rooms/plp-qml-xrj-9ib/ join here]). * [[mw:Growth/Feature summary|Growth features]] are now available at Wikidata. This update enables access to Mentorship, Impact module, the Help Panel, and a simplified Newcomer Homepage (without Suggested Edits). ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * Newest External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P14544|‎Taiwan Central News Agency news topic ID]], [[:d:Property:P14545|‎Stockholm Archipelago Trail ID]], [[:d:Property:P14546|‎Sceneweb artwork ID]], [[:d:Property:P14547|‎Sceneweb production ID]], [[:d:Property:P14548|Fantia ID]], [[:d:Property:P14549|Finnish educational institution ID]], [[:d:Property:P14550|‎altinget.se person ID]], [[:d:Property:P14551|Il cinema ritrovato film ID]], [[:d:Property:P14552|TV Guide film ID]], [[:d:Property:P14553|FOD person ID]], [[:d:Property:P14554|LRT topic ID]], [[:d:Property:P14555|Jiji Press Member of Parliament ID]], [[:d:Property:P14556|Huellas Digitales de la Memoria ID]], [[:d:Property:P14557|Museum of Fine Arts, Houston person ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/subdiscipline of|subdiscipline of]] (<nowiki>less specific academic discipline</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/has garden|has garden]] (<nowiki>Object is a {{Q|1107656}} related to this {{Q|16222597}}</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ranking by|ranking by]] (<nowiki>issuer of a ranking</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/linguistic group|linguistic group]] (<nowiki>group of people who share the same language, regardless of their ancestry or ethnicity</nowiki>) * New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Pure Adult actress ID|Pure Adult actress ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Taiwan Central News Agency News tag id|Taiwan Central News Agency News tag id]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Pure Adult studio ID|Pure Adult studio ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Natural science/GBIF taxon ID|Natural science/GBIF taxon ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Digitaler Portraitindex person ID|Digitaler Portraitindex person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/torial ID|torial ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa ID|Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Pontifical Urbaniana University ID|Pontifical Urbaniana University ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Samtrafiken-vehicle-id|Samtrafiken-vehicle-id]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Sundsvall Municipality opendata ID|Sundsvall Municipality opendata ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Nakamura Kikaku ID|Nakamura Kikaku ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/KBS News topic ID|KBS News topic ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/GIGA actress ID|GIGA actress ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Zen Pictures actress ID|Zen Pictures actress ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Identifiant d'une personne sur Autoroc|Identifiant d'une personne sur Autoroc]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/La Grange ID|La Grange ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Rakuten Books author ID|Rakuten Books author ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Did you know? ''' * Query examples: [https://w.wiki/RtYx Roles and contributions of ? in Fictional Universes and Media franchises] ([[d:Wikidata:Request_a_query#c-Jheald-20260627104200-Fantastoria-20260627091900|source]]) * Schema examples: it's World Cup time so here's 2 soccer/football-related EntitySchemas. ** [[d:EntitySchema:E404|E404:Swedish Soccer Player]] and [[d:EntitySchema:E183|E183:Chilean Women's Football Players]] * Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]]: ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Logic|WikiProject Logic]] ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Roots_and_Rhythms|WikiProject Roots and Rhythms]] * WikiProject Highlights: GovDirectory has opened a [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Govdirectory/Madagascar|Madagascar]] page. * [[d:Wikidata:Showcase items|Showcase Items]]: [[d:Q615|Lionel Messi]] - 6 World Cups, scoring in the last 7 consecutive matches. ''' Development ''' * Wikidata integration in the other Wikimedia projects: ** We are continuing to evaluate the prototype for reducing the number of unnecessary edits from Wikidata that show up in watchlist and recent changes of Wikipedia and co. The approach is to look at the diff of the rendered article before and after the change from Wikidata is made. If there is no difference then the change is probably not relevant for that article. We are collecting a sample to further understand how it performs. ** To continue to address Wikidata's scaling issues, we are planning the migration of entity usage tables to the X1 cluster. * Mobile editing of statements: ** We implemented more feedback from testing of the new mobile front-end. Specifically we worked on making it clearer when a statements already exist that the editor is trying to add to the Item. ** Additionally, we made minor improvements to the look and feel of the mobile front-end. * REST API: ** REST search routes now take apihighlimits right into account ([[phab:T428032]]) ** We are starting to work on Lexeme support ([[phab:T429572]], [[phab:T429332]]) * GraphQL: ** We added support for requesting “best statements” for a given Property ([[phab:T428138]]) ** We are working on adding support for negation in Property value pair filters ([[phab:T429580]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Govdirectory/Poland|Poland]] * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] . [[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] ·[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 14:51, 29 June 2026 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=30720282 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-28 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Paulo César Vinha State Park]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Capim dourado.jpg|300px|center|]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> The '''Paulo César Vinha State Park''' (Portuguese: Parque Estadual Paulo César Vinha) is a state park in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. It protects an area of dunes, lagoons and marshes along the Atlantic shore. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 01:35, 6 July 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30717601 --> == Tech News: 2026-28 == <section begin="technews-2026-W28"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/28|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:34}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:34|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where the search bar results on Wikidata, showed English results instead of using the correct language fallback for users of language variants, has now been fixed. Search suggestions will now follow the expected language fallback chain. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T429769] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * In preparation for [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Celebrate Women|Celebrate Women campaign]] planned for March 2027, the Wikimedia Foundation’s [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Advancement/Community Growth/Content Enablement|Content Enablement team]] has launched a 22-question survey to better understand technical contributions by women+ (anyone who identifies as a woman) across Wikimedia projects. The survey takes approximately 15–20 minutes to complete and will remain open until 20 July 2026. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Celebrate Women/Technical contributions survey|questions]] are also available on-wiki for review in advance. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Score|Score extension]] now supports rendering music scores as SVG images in addition to PNG, addressing a long-standing [[:phab:T49578|feature request]] and resolving historical image quality issues. Both formats are now provided to clients, with PNG in the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>src</nowiki></code></bdi> attribute and SVG in the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>srcset</nowiki></code></bdi> attribute. * The new [[wikitech:Parsoid|Parsoid]] parser [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser_Unification/Updates|continues to be deployed to additional wikis]], making it easier to introduce new reading and editing features. It was enabled on French Wikipedia, bringing total progress to covering 78.9% of Wikipedia page views. Rollout to English Wikipedia desktop will progress through this week. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.10|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * The Wikimedia Hackathon 2026 [[diffblog:2026/06/29/wikimedia-hackathon-2026-building-collaborating-and-shaping-the-future-together/|recap blog post]] is now live. It highlights the projects, sessions, and social activities from this year’s event, and shares initial plans for the 2027 Wikimedia Hackathon. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/28|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W28"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 13:54, 6 July 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30773578 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #739 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2026-07-06. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#738]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> ''' Discussions ''' * Closed request for adminship: **[[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Interface administrator/1Veertje|1Veertje]] - '''Closed as Successful''' **[[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Administrator/Ziv|Ziv]] - '''Closed as Successful''' * New requests for permissions/Bot: **[[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Bot/gov-wikidata-match 1|gov-wikidata-match 1]] - '''Task/s:''' Link existing GOV (historical gazetteer) building-like objects to existing Wikidata building-like objects. **[[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Bot/AgenticCommonsBot 1|AgenticCommonsBot 1]] - '''Task/s:''' Add [[Property:P648|Open Library ID <small>(P648)</small>]] (OpenLibrary author ID) to Wikidata items about people, only where the OpenLibrary author and the Wikidata person have been confirmed to be the same individual, with a source on every statement. * Closed request for permissions/Bot: **[[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Bot/JigildikBot|JigildikBot]] - '''Approved''' **[[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Bot/SonalBot|SonalBot]] - '''Approved''' **[[d:Wikidata:Requests for permissions/Bot/ias-kbase|ias-kbase]] - '''Approved''' ''' Events ''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: ** The Wikidata Platform (WDP) [[D:Event:Blazegraph Migration Office Hours - July 2026|monthly office hour]] takes place '''tomorrow''', {{zonestamp|2026-07-07 16:00|7th July at 16:00 UTC}}. These office hours are focus on the Blazegraph migration work, and the team is inviting all community members to join the discussion. ''Register via [[D:Event:Blazegraph Migration Office Hours - July 2026|the event page]]'' ** The next Wikidata+Wikibase office hours will take place on Wednesday, 18:00 CEST (in your [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1783526400/1783530000?zdl=fU_LqsJADP2a6SZwqXMf9C66UEHQpSiu4zR2otNMnUkX_r2jG8GFEEjCeXDOlELrVcdsvufGrsro10BlnSOL86jlXNNyG-vz7x772XX7s7s0K819JThQe-ALd6gIxv7B4zliJoinEzsCH6dUdZRd4lE5SrsfXRxY-ifzowyiwIE6odzhzdglNOphM4Ub2LpIjG1mTYlc17CgFFiM_QcWUE8v7x0F6hMOUHqIUKhCdPjM8Y7cAQ timezone]), 08th July 2026 in the Wikidata Telegram group. The Wikidata and Wikibase office hours are online events where the development team presents what they have been working on over the past quarter, and the community is welcome to ask questions and discuss important issues related to the development of Wikidata and Wikibase. ** [[m:Event:WMUK_Sandbox_Sessions/Improving_Wikidata_References:_The_Reference_Validator_Tool|Sandbox sessions: Wikidata Reference Validator Tool - improving Wikidata references]] - Aug 15, 17:00 - 18:00 UTC. ** [https://wikiedu.org/courses/documenting-america-wikidata/ Wiki Education + AASLH: Documenting America with Wikidata], a collaboration between Wiki Education and the American Association for State and Local History is offering six hour-long meetings held weekly to introduce attendees to Wikidata and improve content for Wikidata and Wikipedia on American history. Registration ends: July 17, 23:59 Pacific Time (PT) ''' Press, articles, blog posts, videos ''' * Blogs: (fr) [[:w:fr:Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2026-07-05#Le_point_sur_la_diversit%C3%A9_de_genre_dans_les_articles|Le point sur la diversité de genre dans les articles]] in *Regards sur l'actualité du mouvement Wikimedia* * Papers: ** Spatiotemporal-Heuristic A* Search for Pruning - Historical Influence and Succession Paths in Wikidata - [https://informatika.stei.itb.ac.id/~rinaldi.munir/Stmik/2025-2026/Makalah2026/13524106_Michael%20James%20Liman_Makalah%20Stima.pdf Paper], by Michael James Liman (2026). ** Wikontic: Constructing Wikidata-Aligned, Ontology-Aware Knowledge Graphs with Large Language Models - [https://aclanthology.org/2026.eacl-long.388/ Paper] by Chepurova et al., (2026). * Videos: (Español) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AL_pyY2PIOE Introduction to Wikidata] - Dr. Claudia De Souza and Prof. Dinah Wilson Fraites introduce Wikidata with Spanish-slides. ''' Tool of the week ''' * [https://zelph.org/ Zelph]: Offers powerful analysis capabilities for the complete Wikidata knowledge graph while remaining adaptable for any semantic domain. * [https://viz.luarai.com/worldcup-heights World Cup Heights]: An interactive data‑viz app that shows the heights of FIFA World Cup players, arranged so you can quickly compare teams, positions, and overall height distributions. ''' Other Noteworthy Stuff ''' * [[d:Event:WikidataCon 2027/Call for expressions of interest to host|Call for local partners: WikidataCon 2027]]: Planning is underway for the next hybrid WikidataCon, and Wikimedia Deutschland is seeking a local affiliate to co-organize the on-site event. Expressions of Interest are due by 13 July. * The Wikidata Platform team has published the [[D:Wikidata:Wikidata_Platform_team/Newsletter|8th issue of its monthly newsletter]]. This edition includes updates on the migration of WDQS backend away from Blazegraph, including a transition into the next phase '''Initial Implementation (pilot) phase''' following completion of the '''installation phase'''. This update also include some Documentation on Query Rewrites the team will like the Wikidata community and all WDQS users to help review and leave feedbacks. ''see [[D:Wikidata:Wikidata_Platform_team/Newsletter|WDP monthly newsletter]] for more details'' ''' Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review ''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * Newest General datatypes: **[[:d:Property:P14559|prisoner number]] (<nowiki>number or identifier assigned to a prisoner, to be used as a qualifier for P2632 (place of detention)</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14574|photographer]] (<nowiki>person who took this photograph</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14595|‎Gmedia rating (video games)]] (<nowiki>video game ratings of the Saudi Arabian rating system</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14603|visual style]] (<nowiki>the visual style used in a video game (or other creative work)</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14610|garden]] (<nowiki>garden of this subject</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14613|objects (category theory)]] (<nowiki>the precise objects of the category (category theory)</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14614|morphisms]] (<nowiki>the precise morphisms of the category (category theory)</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14615|terminal object]] (<nowiki>the precise terminal object of the category (category theory)</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14616|initial object]] (<nowiki>the precise initial object of the category (category theory)</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14617|products (category theory)]] (<nowiki>the precise products of the category (category theory)</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14618|coproducts (category theory)]] (<nowiki>the precise coproducts of the category (category theory)</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14619|isomorphisms]] (<nowiki>the precise isomorphisms of the category (category theory)</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14620|monomorphisms]] (<nowiki>the precise monomorphisms of the category (category theory)</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14621|epimorphisms]] (<nowiki>the precise epimorphisms of the category (category theory)</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14622|regular monomorphisms]] (<nowiki>the precise regular monomorphisms of the category (category theory)</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14623|regular epimorphisms]] (<nowiki>the precise isomorphisms of the category (category theory)</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14624|left adjoint]] (<nowiki>the left adjoint of the functor</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14625|enriched over]] (<nowiki>the base monoidal category, bicategory, etc. of the enriched category</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14626|monoidal category operation]] (<nowiki>the “tensor product” bifunctor of the monoidal category</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14627|2-morphisms]] (<nowiki>the precise 2-morphisms of the 2-category</nowiki>) **[[:d:Property:P14635|taxon footprint]] (<nowiki>image of a footprint of this taxon</nowiki>) * Newest External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P14558|Sri Lankan Parliament member ID]], [[:d:Property:P14560|‎Taiwan Central News Agency news tag ID]], [[:d:Property:P14561|Model-Kartei.de ID]], [[:d:Property:P14562|Wildenstein Plattner Institute ID]], [[:d:Property:P14564|Web The Television work ID]], [[:d:Property:P14565|Web The Television person ID]], [[:d:Property:P14566|U-NEXT person ID]], [[:d:Property:P14567|U-NEXT video ID]], [[:d:Property:P14568|Sokmil director ID]], [[:d:Property:P14569|Sokmil idol ID]], [[:d:Property:P14570|socrealizm.com.ua person ID]], [[:d:Property:P14571|Répertoire des films classés film ID]], [[:d:Property:P14572|‎regjeringen.no ministry ID]], [[:d:Property:P14573|‎regjeringen.no politician ID]], [[:d:Property:P14575|Objectif plumes work ID]], [[:d:Property:P14576|National Operator Code (UK)]], [[:d:Property:P14577|‎Extended Defence of Britain Database ID]], [[:d:Property:P14578|Pacelli edition person ID]], [[:d:Property:P14579|Myludo game ID]], [[:d:Property:P14580|MyDirtyHobby ID]], [[:d:Property:P14581|Maoyan film ID]], [[:d:Property:P14582|‎Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monument number]], [[:d:Property:P14583|Letterboxd writer ID]], [[:d:Property:P14584|KSW organization ID]], [[:d:Property:P14585|KSW person ID]], [[:d:Property:P14586|KSW place ID]], [[:d:Property:P14587|1SCREEN movie ID]], [[:d:Property:P14588|1SCREEN Person ID]], [[:d:Property:P14589|‎Artistas Visuales Chilenos propertyvalue ID]], [[:d:Property:P14590|‎Canadian Trademark Registration Number]], [[:d:Property:P14591|occitanica.eu ID]], [[:d:Property:P14592|Hancinema company ID]], [[:d:Property:P14593|ZicTrad person ID]], [[:d:Property:P14594|H-NEXT Person ID]], [[:d:Property:P14596|FOD video ID]], [[:d:Property:P14597|Farzonagon ID]], [[:d:Property:P14598|d Hits artist ID]], [[:d:Property:P14599|ABEMA video ID]], [[:d:Property:P14600|17LIVE ID]], [[:d:Property:P14604|‎regjeringen.no government ID]], [[:d:Property:P14605|Pure Adult actress ID]], [[:d:Property:P14606|Pure Adult studio ID]], [[:d:Property:P14607|‎GBIF taxon ID]], [[:d:Property:P14608|Digital portrait index person (GND) ID]], [[:d:Property:P14609|torial username]], [[:d:Property:P14611|Pontifical Urbaniana University ID]], [[:d:Property:P14628|CatDat category ID]], [[:d:Property:P14629|CatDat functor ID]], [[:d:Property:P14630|CatDat category property ID]], [[:d:Property:P14631|CatDat functor property ID]], [[:d:Property:P14632|‎Samtrafiken-vehicle ID]], [[:d:Property:P14633|GIGA actress ID]], [[:d:Property:P14634|Zen Pictures actress ID]], [[:d:Property:P14636|Olyrix artist ID]], [[:d:Property:P14637|AutorÒc 16-18 author ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New General datatypes property proposals to review:: **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/dielectric strenght|dielectric strenght]] (<nowiki>maximum electric field a material can withstand before electrical breakdown occurs</nowiki>) **[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/about page URL|about page URL]] (<nowiki>URL to the official about page</nowiki>) * New External identifier property proposals to review: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Rakuten Books author ID|Rakuten Books author ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Rakuten TV adult Person ID|Rakuten TV adult Person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Identifiant sur le Western Orthodox Wiki|Identifiant sur le Western Orthodox Wiki]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Le GRoG ID|Le GRoG ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/NHK On Demand Program ID|NHK On Demand Program ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Centre for Computing History exhibit reference ID|Centre for Computing History exhibit reference ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/GCD character ID|GCD character ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Identificador de agente econômico na ANCINE|Identificador de agente econômico na ANCINE]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/1SCREEN Program ID|1SCREEN Program ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Architectenregister-id|Architectenregister-id]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/LUDAP ID|LUDAP ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/TakaWiki ID|TakaWiki ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Terceiro Tempo Que Fim Levou ID|Terceiro Tempo Que Fim Levou ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/BiDünyaFilm film ID|BiDünyaFilm film ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CNUC code|CNUC code]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Steady username|Steady username]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/NHK ONE Program ID|NHK ONE Program ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/SongLyrics.com song ID|SongLyrics.com song ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Braunschweiger ProfKat ID|Braunschweiger ProfKat ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/ClayArena shooter profile ID|ClayArena shooter profile ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Open Collective ID|Open Collective ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Anobii author ID|Anobii author ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! ''' Development ''' * The development team are at an offsite retreat this week. [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. ''' Weekly Tasks ''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Govdirectory/France|France]] * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current|Full report]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|Unsubscribe]] . [[:d:User:JosefAnthony |JosefAnthony]] [[:d:User talk:JosefAnthony|talk]] ·[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 18:05, 6 July 2026 (UTC)''' </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:JosefAnthony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=30773585 --> == ''This Month in GLAM'': June 2026 == {| style="width:100%;" | valign="top" align="center" style="border:1px gray solid; padding:1em;" | {| align="center" |- | style="text-align: center;" | [[File:This Month in GLAM logo 2018.png|350px|center|link=outreach:GLAM/Newsletter]]<br /> <hr /> <div style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; text-align:center;">[[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2026|<span style="color:darkslategray;">This Month in GLAM – Volume XVI, Issue VI, June 2026</span>]]</div> <hr /><br /> |- style="text-align: center;" | <span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman;"> '''<u>Headlines</u>'''</span> |- style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; text-align:center;" | <div style="text-align:left; column-count:2; column-width:28em; vertical-align:top;"> * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2026/Contents/From the team|From the team]]: Tools, tech, and Wikimania * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2026/Contents/Argentina report|Argentina report]]: New digitization partner * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2026/Contents/Bangladesh report|Bangladesh report]]: International Museum Day Edit-a-thon and Workshop held in Dinajpur, Bangladesh * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2026/Contents/Belgium report|Belgium report]]: Postal Mission on Wikimedia * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2026/Contents/Brazil report|Brazil report]]: Empowering Institutions through Wikisource Education and GLAM Capacity Building * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2026/Contents/Czech Republic report|Czech Republic report]]: Bridging the gap between labs and Wikipedia: continuing cooperation with FZU * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2026/Contents/Egypt report|Egypt report]]: From Museum Celebrations to Archival Documentation * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2026/Contents/Finland report|Finland report]]: Northern Wikimedist meetup in Oulu * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2026/Contents/France report|France report]]: #1lib1ref Recap and International Archives Week * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2026/Contents/Italy report|Italy report]]: Heritage and Community Action * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2026/Contents/Mexico report|Mexico report]]: Open GLAM in Puebla * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2026/Contents/Netherlands report|Netherlands report]]: Interview with Olaf Janssen, Wikimedia coordinator of the KB, National library of the Netherlands * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2026/Contents/New Zealand report|New Zealand report]]: BAU at Auckland Museum, Otago Uni Library Life and the NZBSI WiR is complete * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2026/Contents/Macedonia report|North Macedonia report]]: Collaboration with the Botanical garden at the Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics in Skopje * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2026/Contents/Poland report|Poland report]]: Poland Report: New Partnerships, Conferences, and Wikimedians in Residence * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2026/Contents/Serbia report|Serbia report]]: Opening the Doors of Serbian Heritage: Wikimedia Serbia’s Recent GLAM and Wikidata Successes * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2026/Contents/Spain report|Spain report]]: GLAM Labs Futures 2026 * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2026/Contents/Sweden report|Sweden report]]: Finnish-Swedish cooperation * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2026/Contents/Switzerland report|Switzerland report]]: Exhibition, International Archives Week Panel * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2026/Contents/UK report|UK report]]: Ninth Good Article from Khalili partnership * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2026/Contents/USA report|USA report]]: Philadelphia WikiSalon * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2026/Contents/Biodiversity Heritage Library report|Biodiversity Heritage Library report]]: Updates on work by BHLWiki Working Group members * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2026/Contents/AvoinGLAM report|AvoinGLAM report]]: Is the sauna still hot? * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2026/Contents/Memory of the World report|Memory of the World report]]: New articles * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2026/Contents/Events|Calendar]]: July's GLAM events </div> |- | style="font-family:Times New Roman; text-align:center; font-size:85%;" | [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter|Read this edition in full]] &bull; [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2026/Single|Single-page]] |- | valign="top" colspan="2" style="padding:0.5em; font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:center; font-size:85%;" | To assist with preparing the newsletter, please visit the [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/Newsroom|newsroom]]. Past editions may be viewed [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/Archives|here]]. |- |} |} <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:GLAM/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in GLAM'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/GLAM|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · [[:m:User:Romaine|Romaine]] 22:35, 11 July 2026 (UTC)</div> <!-- Message sent by User:Romaine@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/GLAM&oldid=30773577 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-29 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Caledonian MacBrayne]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- [[File:Cal-Mac HQ2005.jpg|300px|center|]] <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> '''Caledonian MacBrayne''', in short form CalMac, is the trade name of CalMac Ferries Ltd, the major operator of passenger and vehicle ferries to the west coast of Scotland, serving ports on the mainland and 22 of the major islands. It is a subsidiary of holding company David MacBrayne, which is owned by the Scottish Government. <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> -[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 01:20, 13 July 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30717601 --> == ''The Signpost'': 13 July 2026 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[File:WikipediaSignpostIcon.svg|40px|right]] ''News, reports and features from the English Wikipedia's newspaper''</div> <div style="column-count:2;"> * News and notes: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-07-13/News and notes|An exclusive club]] * In the media: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-07-13/In the media|Battle for a soul - who won?]] * Opinion: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-07-13/Opinion|We need to innovate with Wikimedia decision-making]] * Recent research: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-07-13/Recent research|LLMs and NPOV, 20 years of user blocks, Esperanto and Volapük Wikipedias]] * News from Diff: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-07-13/News from Diff|How to host Wikicurious in your own community]] * Community view: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-07-13/Community view|CUNY Newmark Wikimedian-in-Residence Quarterly Brief – April to June 2026]] * Special report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-07-13/Special report|Wikipedia escapes Category 1 designation under the UK Online Safety Act - for now]] * On the bright side: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-07-13/On the bright side|Fatherhood, weather, and diplomacy]] * Op-ed: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-07-13/Op-ed|A Layup Easy Proposal for Wikimedia at 25: Spend 25% of Donations on the Community]] * Traffic report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-07-13/Traffic report|The grass was greener, the light was brighter]] * Comix: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-07-13/Comix|schnozzed]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost|Read this Signpost in full]]''' · [[w:en:Wikipedia:Signpost/Single|Single-page]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Signpost|Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] 07:27, 13 July 2026 (UTC) <!-- Sent via script ([[w:en:User:JPxG/SPS]]) --></div> <!-- Message sent by User:JPxG@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Signpost&oldid=30775662 --> == Tech News: 2026-29 == <section begin="technews-2026-W29"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/29|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Revise_Tone|Revise Tone]] helps newcomers identify passages in Wikipedia articles that may contain non-encyclopedic language and encourages them to consider revising the tone. The feature was [[w:en:A/B_testing|A/B tested]] on the Arabic, English, French, and Portuguese Wikipedias, where newcomer task completion rates [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Revise_Tone#Experiment_Results|increased by 38.7%]] compared to the default Copyedit task, with no decrease in edit quality. The test ended on July 9, and the feature is now available for everyone on these wikis, configurable via Community Configuration. [[phab:T426364|The plan]] is to release Revise Tone to more wikis. * The community configuration that allows [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Mentorship#Automated mentor list cleanup|automatic removal of inactive mentors]] based on configurable criteria will be enabled on Thursday 16, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Deployment|on some wikis]] to keep mentor lists up to date. Mentors are experienced contributors who opt in to help new users on-wiki through the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Feature summary|Growth Features]]. Administrators can now prepare the settings via [[w:Special:CommunityConfiguration/Mentorship|Special:CommunityConfiguration/Mentorship]]; they will take effect starting Thursday. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:38}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:38|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where some users of the Wikipedia Android app were logged out immediately after signing in, preventing them from staying logged in and editing pages, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T316916] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Editing a page via user scripts or gadgets was causing watchlist labels that the user had assigned to that page to reset. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T423778] * To work around a Safari bug (see [[phab:T425211]]), on Parsoid-enabled wikis, wikilink hrefs now use absolute urls instead of protocol-relative urls. REST API output remains unchanged and continue to use protocol-relative urls. Gadgets, user scripts, bots, and CSS might need to be adapted if they relied on the presence of protocol-relative urls in wikilink hrefs. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T431358] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.11|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * The Wikimedia Foundation’s Experiment Platform Team has published a blog post reflecting on its first year of structured experimentation. It highlights successful experiments such as Paste Check, Reference Check, and Tone Check, which improved editing outcomes and have been rolled out to more users, as well as experiments that did not lead to product changes. [[diffblog:2026/07/07/moving-the-needle-how-we-test-new-ideas-across-wikimedia-projects|Read more]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/29|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W29"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 16:08, 13 July 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30804401 --> == Wikidata weekly summary #740 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]] <div style="margin-top:10px; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'' Here's your quick overview of what has been happening around Wikidata in the<br>week leading up to 2026-07-13. Missed the previous one? See issue [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Previous|#739]].<br>''</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-width: 400px; -moz-column-width: 400px; column-width: 400px;"> '''Discussions''' * Open request for adminship: [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Administrator/GA_Kevin|GA Kevin]] - <small>RfP scheduled to end after 14 July 2026 18:40 (UTC)</small> * New requests for permissions/Bot: ** [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Bot/Nabbot_2|Nabbot 2]] - '''Task:''' Translating English descriptions to Turkish using a predefined dictionary mapping. ** [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Bot/AgenticCommonsBot_1|AgenticCommonsBot 1]] - '''Task:''' Add [[d:Property:P648|Open Library ID (P648)]] (OpenLibrary author ID) to items about people, where the OpenLibrary author and Wikidata person are the same individual, when every statement is sourced. ** [[d:Wikidata:Requests_for_permissions/Bot/EquipboardBot|EquipboardBot]] - '''Task''': Add [[d:Property:P6912|Equipboard artist ID (P6912)]] to Wikidata items for musicians, sourced from Equipboard's own database of public artist identifiers. * Call for Participation in Improving Constraints ** Just about any aspect of constraints is in scope, from rewriting existing bots to expanding the power of property constraints to adding new kinds of constraint. If you are interested, sign up in [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_property_constraints/improving|WikiProject Property Constraints/improving]]. '''Events''' * [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Events|Upcoming events]]: ** [[wmania:2026:Wikimania|Wikimania 2026]] is fast approaching. Taking place 21 - 25 July in Paris, France. Can't attend? Register for a ticket to the [[wmania:2026:Registration|virtual event]] and watch sessions online. ** Interested in [[mw:Wikibase/Ontology-Federation|Wikibase Ontology Federation]]? Join the July 14 call, see the [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Ontology/Cleaning_Task_Force#Tuesday,_14_July_2026,_11:30_EDT_(UTC-4)|Cleaning Task Force]] page for more details. * Previous events: ** The 3rd Quarter Wikidata + Wikibase office hour was held. The transcript is available to read:<br>[[d:Wikidata:Events/Telegram_office_hour_2026-07-08|Wikidata:Events/Telegram office hour 2026 07 08]] '''Press, articles, blog posts, videos''' * Blogs ** [[Diffblog:2026/07/10/behind-better-data-inside-wikidatas-first-wikiprojects-days|Behind Better Data: Inside Wikidata’s First WikiProjects Days]] ** [[Diffblog:2026/07/12/africa-wiki-challenge-2026-in-the-ghanaian-pidgin-community-documenting-water-for-life-through-wikimedia-projects|Africa Wiki Challenge 2026 in the Ghanaian Pidgin Community: Documenting “Water for Life” Through Wikimedia Projects]] ** [[Diffblog:2026/07/09/reflecting-on-progress-and-planning-ahead-dagbani-wikimedians-user-group-holds-its-last-quarter-team-meeting|Reflecting on progress and planning ahead: Dagbani Wikimedians User Group holds its last quarter team meeting]] ** [[Diffblog:2026/07/08/eduwiki-workshop-combining-petscan-and-generative-ai-for-smarter-wikipedia-editing|EduWiki Workshop: Combining PETScan and Generative AI for Smarter Wikipedia Editing]] ** [https://computationalhistory.substack.com/p/why-computational-historians-need Why Computational Historians need Wikidata] - a substack article by Jim Clifford * Papers ** [https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3805712.3808389 A Demonstration of WikiRAG: An Evidence-based Link Prediction for Wikidata with Retrieval Augmented Generation] - WikiRAG is an interactive framework that combines automated link prediction with retrieval‑augmented generation and human validation to reliably complete knowledge graphs like Wikidata by generating candidate links, retrieving supporting evidence, and enabling users to confirm and export validated triples. By Sabu, et al., (2026) * Videos ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=GRS-0nMsb1Q&pp=iggCQAE%3D&ra=m Using Open Refine] by Wikimedia Australia, Paul Duchesne presents "Using OpenRefine" during WikiCon Australia 2026, (National Film and Sound Archive, Canberra). ** [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=oq2fjfAhsgc&pp=iggCQAE%3D&ra=m Let’s Get Mappy - making maps on Wikimedia platforms] by Wikimedia Australia, Alex Lum presents how location (pushpin) maps, locator maps, and interactive "slippy" local maps end up on Wikipedia, and how infoboxes, Wikidata and OpenStreetMap works together to generate them ** (繁體中文/zh-TW) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YaOjh92PPuI Tutorial on Editing Temple Data for Wikidata and Wikimedia Commons] - recording of a workshop (July 5) on Tutorial on Editing Temple Data for Wikidata and Wikimedia Commons, held by Wikimedia Taiwan Community and OSM Taiwan. ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VxCTNRqnOKw Open data tools for cultural heritage] 2nd session in the workshop series “Open Data to Strengthen Online Cultural Heritage,” held March 24, 2026, and organized by the National Library of Uruguay (BNU), Wikimedians of Uruguay, Datysoc, and Data Uruguay. ** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZrzycFNeVyI GLAMs and Citizen Science Encouraging and Enabling Participation] - Siobhan Leachman presents "citizen science workflows" (BHL, iNaturalist, Bionomia, Wikidata) to show how GLAM's can empower citizen scientists to reuse their collections. '''Tool of the week''' *[https://rudof-project.github.io/ rudof] can be used as a command line tool or can be embedded as a library using cargo. It can be used to validate RDF data represented with different syntaxes like Turtle, NTriples, to name a few. As well as RDF data available through SPARQL endpoints like Wikidata '''Other Noteworthy Stuff''' * A [[d:Wikidata:Project_chat#c-Ainali-20260623132900-Need_of_a_process_to_become_a_mentor|Project Chat discussion]] on the new [[mw:Help:Growth/Mentorship|Mentorship features]]. Self-enrollment has been enabled with the following requirements - account age: 365 days, edits: 500. * There is also a [[d:Wikidata:Project_chat#c-Bovlb-20260709235700-Discussion|proposal]] to add an advisory message to new accounts that create multiple items. '''Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]] and [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review''' <!-- NEW PROPERTIES DO NOT REMOVE --> * Newest [[d:Special:ListProperties|properties]]: ** General datatypes: none ** External identifiers: [[:d:Property:P14638|Rakuten TV adult person ID]], [[:d:Property:P14639|KBS News topic ID]], [[:d:Property:P14640|Rakuten Books author ID]], [[:d:Property:P14641|PTS News Network topic ID]], [[:d:Property:P14642|Nakamura Kikaku ID]], [[:d:Property:P14643|‎La Grange person ID]], [[:d:Property:P14644|‎Fontaines de Belgique ID]], [[:d:Property:P14645|NHK On Demand program ID]], [[:d:Property:P14646|1SCREEN program ID]], [[:d:Property:P14647|LUDAP ID]], [[:d:Property:P14648|Bianco keyword ID]], [[:d:Property:P14649|Architectenregister ID]], [[:d:Property:P14650|‎ClayArena shooter profile ID]], [[:d:Property:P14651|‎Sundsvall Municipality opendata beach ID]], [[:d:Property:P14652|Terceiro Tempo Que Fim Levou ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPERTIES --> <!-- NEW PROPOSALS DO NOT REMOVE --> * New [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Property proposal|property proposals]] to review: ** General datatypes: ***[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/relocated from|relocated from]] (<nowiki>Object is the original or former {{Q|17334923}} of the permanently relocated {{Q|16222597}}</nowiki>) ***[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/OpenType script tag|OpenType script tag]] (<nowiki>identifier for a script in OpenType</nowiki>) ***[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/transforms from|transforms from]] (<nowiki>this fictional or mythical entity transforms from that form</nowiki>) ***[[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Korean Classification of Administrative Districts|Korean Classification of Administrative Districts]] (<nowiki>code assigned to an administrative district of South Korea in the Korean Classification of Administrative Districts</nowiki>) ** External identifiers: [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Anobii book ID|Anobii book ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Google Maps Place ID|Google Maps Place ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Viberate Artist ID|Viberate Artist ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Brussels Inventory of Architectural Heritage style ID|Brussels Inventory of Architectural Heritage style ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Brussels Inventory of Architectural Heritage designer ID|Brussels Inventory of Architectural Heritage designer ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/TuneCore Japan artist ID|TuneCore Japan artist ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Deltarune Wiki article ID|Deltarune Wiki article ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/INAPP OA author ID|INAPP OA author ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CNR-IRIS ID|CNR-IRIS ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/AnimeOshi anime ID|AnimeOshi anime ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Guide Japan Person ID|Guide Japan Person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CD Journal Artist ID|CD Journal Artist ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/CIDIM Artist ID|CIDIM Artist ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Operabook Artist ID|Operabook Artist ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Mizan al-Arab poet ID|Mizan al-Arab poet ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Norton Simon Museum object ID|Norton Simon Museum object ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/OpenStreetMap data item ID|OpenStreetMap data item ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Identifiant sur le Western Orthodox Wiki|Identifiant sur le Western Orthodox Wiki]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/A World Made by Travel person ID|A World Made by Travel person ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Scent Base notes ID|Scent Base notes ID]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/radio.net IDs|radio.net IDs]], [[:d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Scent Base perfumer ID|Scent Base perfumer ID]] <!-- END NEW PROPOSALS --> You can comment on [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Overview|all open property proposals]]! '''Did you know?''' * Query examples: [https://w.wiki/SJfA Items only connected to Telugu Wikipedia] ([[d:Wikidata:Request_a_query#c-Ainali-20260712084300-Stefan_Kühn-20260712083900|source]]) - change the language code 'te' to make it work with any other Wikipedia * Schema examples: [[d:EntitySchema:E269|French historic monument (E269)]] - With Wikimania taking place in the French Capital, you can use this entity schema if you feel inspired to or expand items on French monuments. * Newest [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:WikiProjects|WikiProjects]]: ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Pleasant_Goat_and_Big_Big_Wolf|Project Pleasant Goat and Big Big Wolf]] - a Chinese-animated television franchise. ** (Français) [[d:Wikidata:Wikiproject_Orthodox_Christianity|Project Orthodox Christianity]] ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_SUNY_Libraries_EMCO|Project SUNY Libraries EMCO]] * WikiProject Highlights: ** [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Govdirectory/Poland|Project Govdirectory Poland]] added several new subpages detailing coverage and progress on State, Local Agencies and Marshall's Offices. **[[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_property_constraints|Project Property Constraints]] added a subpage: [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_property_constraints/improving|Improving]] - a call for participation, as a result of discussions during WikiProjects Days 2026. * Newest [[d:Wikidata:Database reports|database reports]]: [[d:Wikidata:Database_reports/Most_sitelinked_items/with_statements|Most sitelinked Items (with statements)]] '''Development''' * Blazegraph migration: We are continuing to prepare the Query UI, Query Builder, constraint checks, etc for the migration to QLever ([[phab:T425618]]) * Wikidata integration in the Wikimedia projects: We are investigating some Lua modules to find ones responsible for a lot of unnecessary entries in Watchlist and Recent changes on Wikipedia and co ([[phab:T429366]]) * GraphQL: Added support for negation in property value pair filters ([[phab:T429580]]) * REST API: We are working on the first pieces of support for Lexemes: retrieving a full Lexeme ([[phab:T429332]]) [[phab:maniphest/query/4RotIcw5oINo/#R|You can see all open tickets related to Wikidata here]]. If you want to help, you can also have a look at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/71/query/zfiRgTnZF7zu/?filter=zfiRgTnZF7zu&order=priority the tasks needing a volunteer]. '''Weekly Tasks''' * Add labels, in your own language(s), for the new properties listed [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Newest_properties_and_property_proposals_to_review|above]]. * Contribute to the showcase Item and Lexeme [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|above]]. * Govdirectory weekly focus country: * Summarize your [[d:Wikidata:Status_updates/Next#Did_you_know?|WikiProject's ongoing activities]] in one or two sentences. * Help [[d:Special:LanguageStats|translate]] or proofread the interface and documentation pages, in your own language! * [[d:User:Pasleim/projectmerge|Help merge identical items]] across Wikimedia projects. * Help [[d:Wikidata:Status updates/Next|write the next summary!]] <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''· [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/2026 07 06|Previous issue]] · [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Status updates/Current| Help translate]] · [[:d:User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)|Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] [[:d:User talk:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)|talk]] ·''' [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 18:01, 13 July 2026 (UTC) </div> </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikidata&oldid=30773585 --> == Wikipedia translation of the week: 2026-30 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;"> <div style="text-align:center;">The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2026 translations|Translation of the week]] is <div style="font-size:140%;">'''[[:en:Immigration to Switzerland]]'''<br /> </div> Please be bold and help translate this article! </div> ---- <div style="text-align:left; padding: .4em;"> In 2023, resident foreigners made up 26.3% of Switzerland's population. Most of these (83%) were from European countries. Italy provided the largest single group of foreigners, accounting for 14.7% of total foreign population, followed closely by Germany (14.0%), Portugal (11.7%), France (6.6%), Kosovo (5.1%), Spain (3.9%), Turkey (3.1%), North Macedonia (3.1%), Serbia (2.8%), Austria (2.0%), United Kingdom (1.9%), Bosnia and Herzegovina (1.3%) and Croatia (1.3%). Immigrants from Sri Lanka (1.3%), most of them former Tamil refugees, were the largest group of Asian origin (7.9%). <small>(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)</small> ---- [[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]] ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]'' </div> </div> --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 02:18, 20 July 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&oldid=30717601 --> bigginql9cjq543iaigx8275sngsko0 4 240729 7255949 6772598 2026-07-20T00:04:21Z Koavf 100 7255949 wikitext text/x-wiki <languages/> {{policy}} {{shortcut|[[I:P]]}} <translate><!--T:1--> This is the policy of Incubator.</translate> <translate><!--T:2--> You can find other parts on:</translate> * <translate><!--T:3--> [[<tvar name="1">Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:Policy/Test wiki info page</tvar>|Incubator:Policy/Test wiki info page]] (see [[<tvar name="2">#Marking test languages</tvar>|#Marking test languages]])</translate> * <translate><!--T:4--> [[<tvar name="1">Incubator:Requests for deletions</tvar>|Incubator:Requests for deletions]] (see [[<tvar name="2">#Closure or deletion</tvar>|#Closure or deletion]])</translate> * <translate><!--T:5--> [[<tvar name="1">Incubator:Administrators</tvar>|Incubator:Administrators]] (see [[<tvar name="2">#Administrators</tvar>|#Administrators]])</translate> __TOC__ <span id="projects"></span> <translate> == What Wikimedia Incubator hosts == <!--T:6--> </translate> * <translate><!--T:7--> The Wikimedia Incubator hosts tests of new language editions of the following Wikimedia projects:</translate> ** <translate><!--T:8--> [http://www.wikipedia.org/ Wikipedia] (prefix "<code>Wp/</code>")</translate> ** <translate><!--T:9--> [http://www.wiktionary.org/ Wiktionary] (prefix "<code>Wt/</code>")</translate> ** <translate><!--T:10--> [http://www.wikiquote.org/ Wikiquote] (prefix "<code>Wq/</code>")</translate> ** <translate><!--T:11--> [http://www.wikibooks.org/ Wikibooks] (prefix "<code>Wb/</code>")</translate> ** <translate><!--T:12a--> [http://www.wikivoyage.org/ Wikivoyage] (prefix "<code>Wy/</code>")</translate> * <translate><!--T:13--> Incubator does not host a test project that is not in the list above (i.e., the proposals on [[<tvar name="1">m:Proposals for new projects</tvar>|meta:Proposals for new projects]]).</translate> * <translate><!--T:14--> The following Wikimedia projects have to be made somewhere else:</translate> ** <translate><!--T:15--> [http://www.wikiversity.org/ Wikiversity], go to [[<tvar name="1">betawikiversity:Main Page</tvar>|Beta Wikiversity]] (does not use prefixes)</translate> ** <translate><!--T:16--> [http://www.wikisource.org/ Wikisource], go to [[<tvar name="1">oldwikisource:Main Page</tvar>|Old Wikisource]] (does not use prefixes)</translate> Incubator no longer accepts new Wikinews projects, but older projects are still hosted under prefix "<code>Wn/</code>". <translate> == Starting a new test language == <!--T:17--> </translate> :''<translate><!--T:18--> See [[Help:Manual]] for more information.</translate>'' * <translate><!--T:19--> You can start a test language of the projects mentioned above, regardless of whether you have a request at Meta<ref>See [<tvar name="1">http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Meta:Language_proposal_policy&diff=prev&oldid=631974</tvar> Meta policy]</ref>, though it is recommended to ask first for confirmation through the page [[Incubator:Requests for starting a test]]<ref>[<tvar name="2">{{fullurl:Incubator:Community Portal|oldid=220909#Another_proposal.2C_but_one_which_would_reduce_lots_of_work}}</tvar> Link to community discussion and consensus]</ref>. It is not required to have a proposal at Meta, but without one, your test will not be able to get its own wiki.</translate> * <translate><!--T:69--> Create a test project only if you actually know the language or if you are doing this on behalf of a specific person who does.</translate> * <translate><!--T:20--> You have to do the following:</translate> ** <translate><!--T:21--> After confirmation at [[Incubator:Requests for starting a test]], you will probably have a page <code>Project/code</code> with an information template on it. Otherwise, create it using {{tl|test wiki}}.</translate> ** <translate><!--T:22--> Create a main page, with an article name consisting of just the prefix: <code>Project/code/Main_Page</code><ref>[<tvar name="1">http://incubator.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Incubator:Community_Portal&oldid=217616#footer</tvar> Link to community discussion and consensus]</ref>.</translate> ** <translate><!--T:23--> <code>Project/code/Main_Page</code> means:</translate> *** <translate><!--T:24--> Project: see [[<tvar name="1">#What Wikimedia Incubator hosts</tvar>|#What Wikimedia Incubator hosts]]</translate> *** <translate><!--T:25--> Code: a valid [[<tvar name="1">Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:ISO 639</tvar>|ISO 639]] code. An [[w:ISO 639-1|ISO 639-1]] code, if it doesn't exist, an [[w:ISO 639-3|ISO 639-3]] code.</translate> *** <translate><!--T:26--> Main Page: the word "Main Page" in your language. To make linking easier, it is recommended to be the same as the MediaWiki message "[[MediaWiki:Mainpage|mainpage]]" (translatable at [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]]).</translate> ** <translate><!--T:27--> List the test on [[<tvar name="1">Template:Tests</tvar>|Template:Tests]].</translate> * <translate><!--T:28--> Projects must match main [[<tvar name="1">m:Special:MyLanguage/Language proposal policy</tvar>|m:WM:LPP]] requirements: the project must not already exist, and it must be in a unique language that has a valid language code.</translate> <translate> == Closure or deletion == <!--T:29--> ==== Common reasons for test deletion ==== <!--T:30--> </translate> * <translate><!--T:31--> If a test does not have a valid [[<tvar name="1">Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:ISO 639</tvar>|ISO 639]] language code, it should be deleted.</translate> * <translate><!--T:72--> There are no pages at all, other than the main page.</translate> * <translate><!--T:73--> The pages are not actually written in the claimed language. This includes pages that purport to be in that language, but are written by people who don't know the language well.</translate> * <translate><!--T:32--> You may only propose a deletion of a test language that does not have a proposal on Meta or is rejected by the [[<tvar name="1">m:Special:MyLanguage/Language committee</tvar>|Langcom]].</translate> ** <translate><!--T:33--> If it is rejected, the test can be kept for future proposals when the requirements are fulfilled (if this is possible), or else it should be proposed for deletion.</translate> * <translate><!--T:34--> If a project is given final approval, the test's pages will be imported to the new subdomain wiki. All pages should be deleted, except the info page, where a notice will be added (see [[<tvar name="1">Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:Policy/Test wiki info page</tvar>|Incubator:Policy/Test wiki info page]] for further information).</translate> <translate> ==== Test deletion procedure ==== <!--T:35--> </translate> * <translate><!--T:36--> Propose it on [[Incubator:Requests for deletions]]</translate> ** <translate><!--T:37--> Further instructions are given there</translate> * <translate><!--T:38--> If needed, an XML file must be exported (needed means: if the test is not vandalism or nonsense—in general, use common sense)</translate> * <translate><!--T:39--> If requested, it can be exported to [<tvar name="1">https://incubator.miraheze.org/</tvar> Incubator Plus]</translate> <translate> == While on Incubator == <!--T:40--> === Nomenclature === <!--T:41--> </translate> * <translate><!--T:42--> All article pages in a test have a prefix of the form "project/langcode/", for example "wp/en/" for English Wikipedia.</translate> * <translate><!--T:67--> Images cannot be uploaded to Incubator; they must be uploaded to [[c:|Wikimedia Commons]]. (Note that this means that uploading is '''disabled'''.)</translate> * <translate><!--T:43--> Templates and categories must be prefixed as the articles.</translate> * <translate><!--T:44--> All test languages will be marked with a template as explained on [[<tvar name="1">Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:Policy/Test wiki info page</tvar>|Incubator:Policy/Test wiki info page]].</translate> * <translate><!--T:70--> Don't write in languages that you don't actually know. This includes both Incubator content pages and translatable pages, such as help pages, policy pages, templates, etc. Don't use machine translation, automatic transliteration, copying words from dictionaries or textbooks, copying sentences from other articles and changing some words, etc.</translate> ** <translate><!--T:71--> Even if you have good intentions to help language development and preservation, contributing in languages that you don't know is more harmful than helpful. Make edits to pages in languages that you don't actually know only if you are working directly with people who do know the language, but cannot make such edits themselves for technical reasons. If you don't know such people, find them first.</translate> <translate> === Test Admins === <!--T:45--> </translate> * <translate><!--T:46--> While the content is being developed on the Incubator, you may apply for test adminship. This gives you a few admin rights (to delete and to block users) on your test.</translate> <translate> <!--T:47--> See [[Incubator:Administrators#Test-administrators]] for the policy of this. == Marking test languages == <!--T:48--> </translate> * <translate><!--T:49--> There are different templates that are used on the info pages in order to mark the status of the test wikis. You can find all the information at [[<tvar name="1">Special:MyLanguage/Incubator:Policy/Test wiki info page</tvar>|Incubator:Policy/Test wiki info page]].</translate> <translate> == Administrators == <!--T:50--> <!--T:51--> You can find the policy about administrators, bureaucrats, etc. on [[Incubator:Administrators]]. == User behaviour == <!--T:52--> </translate> * <translate><!--T:53--> If there is sufficient reason to (e.g., vandalism), a user technically able to block may block a user for any timespan appropriate for the action.</translate> * <translate><!--T:54--> Users are not allowed to use multiple accounts, unless it is a bot or otherwise explicitly stated to be used for a specific purpose.</translate> <translate> == Usage of namespaces == <!--T:55--> </translate> {| class="wikitable" ! Main (+ talk) | <translate><!--T:56--> only for test wikis, all pages must be prefixed</translate> |- ! Template | <translate><!--T:57--> all templates must be prefixed, except a few templates that are used for general Incubator purposes (like [[Template:Policy]])</translate> |- ! Module | <translate><!--T:66--> all modules must be prefixed, except a few modules that are used for general Incubator purposes (like [[Module:Test wikis]])</translate> |- ! Category | <translate><!--T:58--> all categories must be prefixed, except a few categories that are used for general Incubator purposes (like [[:Category:Maintenance:(all)]])</translate> |- ! Incubator/Help | <translate><!--T:59--> only for general Incubator purposes (like this page)</translate> * <small><translate><!--T:68--> To create a project or help page for your test, put the namespace ''after'' the prefix. The page will then technically be in ''main'' here, but will be put in the correct location when your project is approved and created.</translate></small> |- ! File | <translate><!--T:60--> no local files, only via Wikimedia Commons</translate> |- ! Translations | <translate><!--T:61--> used by the [[<tvar name="1">mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Translate</tvar>|Translate extension]] to store translations.</translate> |} <translate> == See also == <!--T:62--> </translate> * [[m:Requests for new languages|<translate><!--T:63--> Requests for new languages</translate>]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Language proposal policy|<translate><!--T:64--> Language proposal policy</translate>]] <translate> == References == <!--T:65--> </translate> <references /> 4ihsoo0yn19o8qljxuppx3eklm1nxis 0 381388 7255757 7252153 2026-07-19T16:58:50Z Tolyatti 2693860 Tolyatti moved page [[Wb/su/Tepas]] to [[Wb/su/Kaca Utama]] 7252153 wikitext text/x-wiki __NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__ {{Wb/su/Pangwanoh}} {| style="margin-top: .8em;" | style="width: 50%; vertical-align: top;" | {{Wb/su/Kurungan | id = mf-presentation | gambar = Wikipedia_progress_icon.svg | judul = <!--[[Wikibuku:Wilujeng Sumping|Pangbagéa]]-->{{Wb/su/Color|#0645AD|Pangbagéa}} | eusi = <!--{{Pangbagéa}}--> '''Wikibuku''' atawa '''Wikibooks''' nyaéta salah sahiji proyék Wikimédia anu ngawadahan buku-buku jeung tulisan-tulisan séjénna anu [[ccorg:licenses/by/4.0/|dilisensikeun sacara bébas]] tur bisa ditembong sarta diédit ku saha baé. [[b:su:|Wikibuku basa Sunda]] geus dimimitian ti [https://su.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Tepas&oldid=1 2004], ngan hanjakal ku seeutikna konten nu aya mangsa éta, ieu proyek [[meta:Proposals for closing projects/Closure of Basa Sunda Wikibooks (2)|diasupkeun]] deui ka [[Wb/su|Incubator]] dina taun 2012. Ku kituna, hayu urang babarengan ngahirupkeun deui ieu proyék ku literasi Sunda sangkan Wikibuku basa Sunda tiasa bijil deui. Dugi ka ayeuna Wikibuku basa Sunda mibanda {{PAGESINCATEGORY:Wb/su}} pustaka anyar. Anjeun gaduh pataroseun? Mangga seratkeun di [[Wb/su/Wikibuku:Sawala|kaca sawala]]. }}<!-- {{Kurungan | id = mf-communication | gambar = HSSamarbete.svg | judul = [[Wikibuku:Panglawungan|Panglawungan]] | eusi = Wilujeng sumping di Wikibuku basa Sunda!{{Panglawungan}} }}--> {{Wb/su/Kurungan | id = mf-projets | gambar = Text-x-generic_with_pencil-2.svg | judul = {{Wb/su/Color|#0645AD|WikiBuku Séjén Basa}} | eusi = {{Wb/su/Wikibookslang}} }} | style="width: 50%; vertical-align: top;" | {{Wb/su/Kurungan | id = mf-decouverte | gambar = HSIdea.svg | judul = {{Wb/su/Color|#0645AD|Koléksi Pustaka}} | eusi = {{Wb/su/Koléksi}} }} <!--{{Kurungan | id = mf-recherche | gambar = HSUtvald.svg | judul = [[Wikibuku:Pustaka_petingan|Pustaka Petingan]] {{Color|#0645AD|Pustaka Petingan}} | eusi = {{Wb/su/Petingan/{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}}}} }}--> {{Wb/su/Kurungan | id = mf-facultes | gambar = HSBook.svg | judul = {{Wb/su/Color|#0645AD|Jieun Pustaka Anyar}} | eusi = {{Wb/su/Jieun}} }} |} {{Wb/su/Kurungan | judul = {{Wb/su/Color|#0645AD|Proyék Sawargi}} | gambar = Wikimedia-logo-circle.svg | eusi = {{Wb/su/Proyek sawargi}} }} [[Category:Wb/su]] {{INTERWIKI|Q5296}} orrmga0a4edlnxvm69whbdzchbqqxsy 0 548037 7256101 7147651 2026-07-20T05:35:10Z Iampjanz 2677910 nag update sang sensus 7256101 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Ph locator aklan malinao.png|right|250px]] Ang '''Malinao''' ika-apat nga klase sang munisipalidad nga makita sa probinsya sang [[Wp/hil/Aklan|Aklan]], [[Wp/hil/Pilipinas|Pilipinas]]. May 186.01 kilometro kwadrado ini nga kalaparon kag ini kabahin sang bugtong nga distrito kongresyonal. Base sa 2024 census, ini may populasyon nga 24,971. Ang zip code sini 5606. [[Category:Wp/hil]] [[Category:Wp/hil/Municipalidad sang Aklan]] {{INTERWIKI|Q626935}} 5znt9imnpd8oe34oi5x1iwio589jk1r 0 548177 7256111 7236870 2026-07-20T05:53:29Z Iampjanz 2677910 nag update sang sensus 7256111 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Ph locator benguet mankayan.png|right|250px]] Ang '''Mankayan''' una nga klase sang munisipalidad nga makita sa probinsya sang [[Wp/hil/Benguet|Benguet]], [[Wp/hil/Pilipinas|Pilipinas]]. May 130.48 kilometro kwadrado ini nga kalaparon kag ini kabahin sang bugtong nga distrito kongresyonal. Base sa 2024 census, ini may populasyon nga 38,647. Ang zip code sini 2608. [[Category:Wp/hil]] [[Category:Wp/hil/Municipalidad sang Benguet]] {{INTERWIKI|Q30356}} sr5s597fmzr82vhc4mbbpmtqftw4fpp 0 548256 7256103 7147654 2026-07-20T05:36:48Z Iampjanz 2677910 nag update sang sensus 7256103 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Ph locator bukidnon malitbog.png|right|250px]] Ang '''Malitbog''' ika-duha nga klase sang munisipalidad nga makita sa probinsya sang [[Wp/hil/Bukidnon|Bukidnon]], [[Wp/hil/Pilipinas|Pilipinas]]. May 581.85 kilometro kwadrado ini nga kalaparon kag ini kabahin sang una nga distrito kongresyonal. Base sa 2024 census, ini may populasyon nga 28,666. Ang zip code sini 8704. [[Category:Wp/hil]] [[Category:Wp/hil/Municipalidad sang Bukidnon]] {{INTERWIKI|Q357252}} 7v0ow98cuv95r26lm3ul345q2ludij1 0 548257 7256286 7236872 2026-07-20T09:01:35Z Iampjanz 2677910 nag update sang sensus 7256286 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Ph locator bukidnon manolo fortich.png|right|250px]] Ang '''Manolo Fortich''' una nga klase sang munisipalidad nga makita sa probinsya sang [[Wp/hil/Bukidnon|Bukidnon]], [[Wp/hil/Pilipinas|Pilipinas]]. May 413.6 kilometro kwadrado ini nga kalaparon kag ini kabahin sang una nga distrito kongresyonal. Base sa 2024 census, ini may populasyon nga 118,075. Ang zip code sini 8703. [[Category:Wp/hil]] [[Category:Wp/hil/Municipalidad sang Bukidnon]] {{INTERWIKI|Q357272}} o7twagsu6vcnl1l8d9bj63ao6q8rjjt 0 548258 7256376 7147698 2026-07-20T09:50:01Z Iampjanz 2677910 nag update sang sensus 7256376 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Ph locator bukidnon maramag.png|right|250px]] Ang '''Maramag''' una nga klase sang munisipalidad nga makita sa probinsya sang [[Wp/hil/Bukidnon|Bukidnon]], [[Wp/hil/Pilipinas|Pilipinas]]. May 447.26 kilometro kwadrado ini nga kalaparon kag ini kabahin sang ika-tatlo nga distrito kongresyonal. Base sa 2024 census, ini may populasyon nga 109,864. Ang zip code sini 8714. [[Category:Wp/hil]] [[Category:Wp/hil/Municipalidad sang Bukidnon]] {{INTERWIKI|Q357299}} 5v6rgh8t2ut59foaojruwsmoqw6udwe 0 1313370 7256370 7236888 2026-07-20T09:48:06Z Iampjanz 2677910 nag update sang sensus 7256370 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Ph locator cavite maragondon.png|right|250px]] Ang '''Maragondon''' ika-tatlo nga klase sang munisipalidad nga makita sa probinsya sang [[Wp/hil/Cavite|Cavite]], [[Wp/hil/Pilipinas|Pilipinas]]. May 164.61 kilometro kwadrado ini nga kalaparon kag ini kabahin sang ika-pito nga distrito kongresyonal. Base sa 2024 census, ini may populasyon nga 41,977. Ang zip code sini 4112. [[Category:Wp/hil]] [[Category:Wp/hil/Municipalidad sang Cavite]] {{INTERWIKI|Q62776}} 82cisqc7345164bpnoe76k7s2u57f1h 0 1313456 7256373 7236890 2026-07-20T09:49:22Z Iampjanz 2677910 nag update sang sensus 7256373 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Ph locator davao de oro maragusan.svg|right|400px]] Ang '''Maragusan''' una nga klase sang munisipalidad nga makita sa probinsya sang [[Wp/hil/Davao de Oro|Davao de Oro]], [[Wp/hil/Pilipinas|Pilipinas]]. May 394.27 kilometro kwadrado ini nga kalaparon kag ini kabahin sang una nga distrito kongresyonal. Base sa 2024 census, ini may populasyon nga 67,759. Ang zip code sini 8808. [[Category:Wp/hil/Municipalidad sang Davao de Oro]] [[Category:Wp/hil]] {{INTERWIKI|Q315512}} 6le9pvqvqyoxqpd5svj34iogvk5vba3 0 1314115 7256379 7236892 2026-07-20T09:50:31Z Iampjanz 2677910 nag update sang sensus 7256379 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Ph locator lanao del sur marantao.png|right|250px]] Ang '''Marantao''' ika-duha nga klase sang munisipalidad nga makita sa probinsya sang [[Wp/hil/Lanao del Sur|Lanao del Sur]], [[Wp/hil/Pilipinas|Pilipinas]]. May 660 kilometro kwadrado ini nga kalaparon kag ini kabahin sang una nga distrito kongresyonal. Base sa 2024 census, ini may populasyon nga 37,763. Ang zip code sini 9711. [[Category:Wp/hil]] [[Category:Wp/hil/Municipalidad sang Lanao del Sur]] {{INTERWIKI|Q273982}} f546fhrwi94kz40mqd8xj8tdpwqmjfu 0 1315152 7256109 7157034 2026-07-20T05:48:01Z Iampjanz 2677910 nag update sang sensus 7256109 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Blank.png|right|250px]] Ang '''Mangudadatu''' ika-anum nga klase sang munisipalidad nga makita sa probinsya sang [[Wp/hil/Maguindanao del Sur|Maguindanao del Sur]], [[Wp/hil/Pilipinas|Pilipinas]]. May 98.16 kilometro kwadrado ini nga kalaparon kag ini kabahin sang ika-duha nga distrito kongresyonal. Base sa 2024 census, ini may populasyon nga 28,511. Ang zip code sini 9616. [[Category:Wp/hil]] [[Category:Wp/hil/Municipalidad sang Maguindanao del Sur]] {{INTERWIKI|Q212644}} o9e1nyjy2nora49pgwm08gd3jlrk5wv 0 1315280 7256299 7236876 2026-07-20T09:04:22Z Iampjanz 2677910 nag update sang sensus 7256299 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Ph locator misamis oriental manticao.png|right|250px]] Ang '''Manticao''' ika-apat nga klase sang munisipalidad nga makita sa probinsya sang [[Wp/hil/Misamis Oriental|Misamis Oriental]], [[Wp/hil/Pilipinas|Pilipinas]]. May 123.01 kilometro kwadrado ini nga kalaparon kag ini kabahin sang ika-apat nga distrito kongresyonal. Base sa 2024 census, ini may populasyon nga 30,968. Ang zip code sini 9024. [[Category:Wp/hil]] [[Category:Wp/hil/Municipalidad sang Misamis Oriental]] {{INTERWIKI|Q195815}} oj107c3hs2v583nwl0ove5pcbwcbkwe 0 1315410 7256110 7236868 2026-07-20T05:48:59Z Iampjanz 2677910 nag update sang sensus 7256110 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Ph locator negros oriental manjuyod.png|right|250px]] Ang '''Manjuyod''' ika-duha nga klase sang munisipalidad nga makita sa probinsya sang [[Wp/hil/Negros Oriental|Negros Oriental]], [[Wp/hil/Pilipinas|Pilipinas]]. May 264.6 kilometro kwadrado ini nga kalaparon kag ini kabahin sang ika-duha nga distrito kongresyonal. Base sa 2024 census, ini may populasyon nga 46,461. Ang zip code sini 6208. [[Category:Wp/hil]] [[Category:Wp/hil/Municipalidad sang Negros Oriental]] {{INTERWIKI|Q195018}} 4rit5k5he2ahljmj1wmpot7v10wzq8j 0 1315443 7256303 7236880 2026-07-20T09:06:45Z Iampjanz 2677910 nag update sang sensus 7256303 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Ph locator northern samar mapanas.png|right|250px]] Ang '''Mapanas''' ika-lima nga klase sang munisipalidad nga makita sa probinsya sang [[Wp/hil/Northern Samar|Northern Samar]], [[Wp/hil/Pilipinas|Pilipinas]]. May 117.85 kilometro kwadrado ini nga kalaparon kag ini kabahin sang ika-duha nga distrito kongresyonal. Base sa 2024 census, ini may populasyon nga 14,858. Ang zip code sini 6412. [[Category:Wp/hil]] [[Category:Wp/hil/Municipalidad sang Northern Samar]] {{INTERWIKI|Q175054}} 78a0lslvi94whwrr55wbu961ipxjccv 0 1321694 7256290 7236874 2026-07-20T09:02:40Z Iampjanz 2677910 nag update sang sensus 7256290 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Ph locator oriental mindoro mansalay.png|right|250px]] Ang '''Mansalay''' ika-duha nga klase sang munisipalidad nga makita sa probinsya sang [[Wp/hil/Oriental Mindoro|Oriental Mindoro]], [[Wp/hil/Pilipinas|Pilipinas]]. May 446.62 kilometro kwadrado ini nga kalaparon kag ini kabahin sang ika-duha nga distrito kongresyonal. Base sa 2024 census, ini may populasyon nga 60,597. Ang zip code sini 5208. [[Category:Wp/hil]] [[Category:Wp/hil/Municipalidad sang Oriental Mindoro]] {{INTERWIKI|Q107567}} 8dsfnyt5mv02oa63iv0li2t32f2abb8 0 1321798 7256107 7236861 2026-07-20T05:46:02Z Iampjanz 2677910 nag update sang sensus 7256107 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Ph locator pangasinan mangaldan.png|right|250px]] Ang '''Mangaldan''' una nga klase sang munisipalidad nga makita sa probinsya sang [[Wp/hil/Pangasinan|Pangasinan]], [[Wp/hil/Pilipinas|Pilipinas]]. May 48.47 kilometro kwadrado ini nga kalaparon kag ini kabahin sang ika-apat nga distrito kongresyonal. Base sa 2024 census, ini may populasyon nga 113,302. Ang zip code sini 2432. [[Category:Wp/hil]] [[Category:Wp/hil/Municipalidad sang Pangasinan]] {{INTERWIKI|Q41996}} cxb3anelc9c70k3kwrsn5sf8jywbfbi 0 1321799 7256108 7236864 2026-07-20T05:46:43Z Iampjanz 2677910 nag update sang sensus 7256108 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Ph locator pangasinan mangatarem.png|right|250px]] Ang '''Mangatarem''' una nga klase sang munisipalidad nga makita sa probinsya sang [[Wp/hil/Pangasinan|Pangasinan]], [[Wp/hil/Pilipinas|Pilipinas]]. May 317.5 kilometro kwadrado ini nga kalaparon kag ini kabahin sang ika-duha nga distrito kongresyonal. Base sa 2024 census, ini may populasyon nga 79,648. Ang zip code sini 2413. [[Category:Wp/hil]] [[Category:Wp/hil/Municipalidad sang Pangasinan]] {{INTERWIKI|Q42001}} 3an39bsskinemenh1q1qx82fhkf38os 0 1321800 7256305 7236882 2026-07-20T09:07:34Z Iampjanz 2677910 nag update sang sensus 7256305 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Ph locator pangasinan mapandan.png|right|250px]] Ang '''Mapandan''' ika-tatlo nga klase sang munisipalidad nga makita sa probinsya sang [[Wp/hil/Pangasinan|Pangasinan]], [[Wp/hil/Pilipinas|Pilipinas]]. May 30 kilometro kwadrado ini nga kalaparon kag ini kabahin sang ika-tatlo nga distrito kongresyonal. Base sa 2024 census, ini may populasyon nga 38,228. Ang zip code sini 2429. [[Category:Wp/hil]] [[Category:Wp/hil/Municipalidad sang Pangasinan]] {{INTERWIKI|Q42006}} afzma3quuu83upu3xt93hocuoyv6b8m 0 1322158 7256368 7236886 2026-07-20T09:47:37Z Iampjanz 2677910 nag update sang sensus 7256368 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Ph locator samar marabut.png|right|250px]] Ang '''Marabut''' ika-lima nga klase sang munisipalidad nga makita sa probinsya sang [[Wp/hil/Samar|Samar]], [[Wp/hil/Pilipinas|Pilipinas]]. May 143.55 kilometro kwadrado ini nga kalaparon kag ini kabahin sang ika-duha nga distrito kongresyonal. Base sa 2010 census, ini may populasyon nga 18,168. Ang zip code sini 6721. [[Category:Wp/hil]] [[Category:Wp/hil/Municipalidad sang Samar]] {{INTERWIKI|Q816240}} 25p7pxpekfpe9yxxg8lvwhged4z73gh 7256371 7256368 2026-07-20T09:48:24Z Iampjanz 2677910 7256371 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Ph locator samar marabut.png|right|250px]] Ang '''Marabut''' ika-lima nga klase sang munisipalidad nga makita sa probinsya sang [[Wp/hil/Samar|Samar]], [[Wp/hil/Pilipinas|Pilipinas]]. May 143.55 kilometro kwadrado ini nga kalaparon kag ini kabahin sang ika-duha nga distrito kongresyonal. Base sa 2024 census, ini may populasyon nga 18,168. Ang zip code sini 6721. [[Category:Wp/hil]] [[Category:Wp/hil/Municipalidad sang Samar]] {{INTERWIKI|Q816240}} a9vdbgwmfdstp6ob978n3ffz7ncch6a 0 1322191 7256389 7236898 2026-07-20T09:54:57Z Iampjanz 2677910 nag update sang sensus 7256389 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Ph locator siquijor maria.png|right|250px]] Ang '''Maria''' ika-lima nga klase sang munisipalidad nga makita sa probinsya sang [[Wp/hil/Siquijor|Siquijor]], [[Wp/hil/Pilipinas|Pilipinas]]. May 53.37 kilometro kwadrado ini nga kalaparon kag ini kabahin sang bugtong nga distrito kongresyonal. Base sa 2024 census, ini may populasyon nga 15,146. Ang zip code sini 6229. [[Category:Wp/hil]] [[Category:Wp/hil/Municipalidad sang Siquijor]] {{INTERWIKI|Q174343}} ryxcezhxldbzp6rk5i9iihfvl2dfqgq 0 1323847 7256100 7236831 2026-07-20T05:33:35Z Iampjanz 2677910 nag update sang sensus 7256100 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Ph locator surigao del norte malimono.png|right|250px]] Ang '''Malimono''' ika-lima nga klase sang munisipalidad nga makita sa probinsya sang [[Wp/hil/Surigao del Norte|Surigao del Norte]], [[Wp/hil/Pilipinas|Pilipinas]]. May 80.13 kilometro kwadrado ini nga kalaparon kag ini kabahin sang ika-duha nga distrito kongresyonal. Base sa 2010 census, ini may populasyon nga 19,442. Ang zip code sini 8407. [[Category:Wp/hil]] [[Category:Wp/hil/Municipalidad sang Surigao del Norte]] {{INTERWIKI|Q155819}} hbu5oyo7ladqucfgvc41lly3iw7fxbk 7256102 7256100 2026-07-20T05:35:41Z Iampjanz 2677910 7256102 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Ph locator surigao del norte malimono.png|right|250px]] Ang '''Malimono''' ika-lima nga klase sang munisipalidad nga makita sa probinsya sang [[Wp/hil/Surigao del Norte|Surigao del Norte]], [[Wp/hil/Pilipinas|Pilipinas]]. May 80.13 kilometro kwadrado ini nga kalaparon kag ini kabahin sang ika-duha nga distrito kongresyonal. Base sa 2024 census, ini may populasyon nga 19,442. Ang zip code sini 8407. [[Category:Wp/hil]] [[Category:Wp/hil/Municipalidad sang Surigao del Norte]] {{INTERWIKI|Q155819}} papbtb5otazgmh6iwjdwnz9cdrtpk7f 0 1323945 7256364 7236884 2026-07-20T09:46:02Z Iampjanz 2677910 nag update sang sensus 7256364 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Ph locator tawi-tawi mapun.png|right|250px]] Ang '''Mapun''' ika-apat nga klase sang munisipalidad nga makita sa probinsya sang [[Wp/hil/Tawi-Tawi|Tawi-Tawi]], [[Wp/hil/Pilipinas|Pilipinas]]. May 181.29 kilometro kwadrado ini nga kalaparon kag ini kabahin sang bugtong nga distrito kongresyonal. Base sa 2024 census, ini may populasyon nga 29,218. Ang zip code sini 7508. [[Category:Wp/hil]] [[Category:Wp/hil/Municipalidad sang Tawi-Tawi]] {{INTERWIKI|Q155241}} hqkxyoadpzroz5j71snvq4q4whhae5l 0 1323992 7256301 7236878 2026-07-20T09:05:14Z Iampjanz 2677910 nag update sang sensus 7256301 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Ph locator zamboanga del norte manukan.png|right|250px]] Ang '''Manukan''' ika-tatlo nga klase sang munisipalidad nga makita sa probinsya sang [[Wp/hil/Zamboanga del Norte|Zamboanga del Norte]], [[Wp/hil/Pilipinas|Pilipinas]]. May 246.35 kilometro kwadrado ini nga kalaparon kag ini kabahin sang ika-duha nga distrito kongresyonal. Base sa 2024 census, ini may populasyon nga 35,669. Ang zip code sini 7110. [[Category:Wp/hil]] [[Category:Wp/hil/Municipalidad sang Zamboanga del Norte]] {{INTERWIKI|Q132561}} 6p403t6pfrfpl3a9a9t2cd4bisae5bf 0 1324033 7256387 7236896 2026-07-20T09:54:02Z Iampjanz 2677910 nag update sang sensus 7256387 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Ph locator zamboanga del sur margosatubig.png|right|250px]] Ang '''Margosatubig''' ika-tatlo nga klase sang munisipalidad nga makita sa probinsya sang [[Wp/hil/Zamboanga del Sur|Zamboanga del Sur]], [[Wp/hil/Pilipinas|Pilipinas]]. May 111.69 kilometro kwadrado ini nga kalaparon kag ini kabahin sang ika-duha nga distrito kongresyonal. Base sa 2024 census, ini may populasyon nga 36,025. Ang zip code sini 7035. [[Category:Wp/hil]] [[Category:Wp/hil/Municipalidad sang Zamboanga del Sur]] {{INTERWIKI|Q132244}} 054qswepxptckjfmx6wjaa0c1e29m3r 0 1343612 7256106 7166987 2026-07-20T05:44:17Z Iampjanz 2677910 nag update sang sensus 7256106 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Ph_locator_cebu_mandaue.png|right|270px]] Ang '''Mandaue''' una nga klase sang syudad nga makita sa probinsya sang [[ Cebu|Cebu]], [[Pilipinas]]. 25.18 kilometro kwadrado ang kalaparon sini kag makita ini sa ika-anum nga distrito. <br> Base sa 2024 census, ini may populasyon nga 364,482. Ang zip code sini 6014. <br> [[Category:Mga dakbanwa sang Pilipinas]] [[Category:Wp/hil]] {{INTERWIKI|Q1889017}} gmzyywmqn48m4y4gp4jv3b4wvfn1a8h 0 1366624 7256099 7166983 2026-07-20T05:30:11Z Iampjanz 2677910 nag update sang sensus 7256099 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Ph_locator_bukidnon_malaybalay.png|right|270px]] Ang '''Malaybalay''' una nga klase sang syudad nga makita sa probinsya sang [[Bukidnon]], [[Pilipinas]]. 969.19 kilometro kwadrado ang kalaparon sini kag makita ini sa ika-duha nga distrito. <br> Base sa 2024 census, ini may populasyon nga 195,046. Ang zip code sini 8700. <br> [[Category:Mga dakbanwa sang Pilipinas]] [[Category:Wp/hil]] {{INTERWIKI|Q1856}} jm5nyp6q68vmruvmncvwkldko7284lu 0 1366664 7256381 7166989 2026-07-20T09:51:24Z Iampjanz 2677910 nag update sang sensus 7256381 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Ph_locator_lanao_del_sur_marawi.png|right|270px]] Ang '''Marawi''' ika-apat nga klase sang syudad nga makita sa probinsya sang [[Lanao del Sur]], [[Pilipinas]]. 87.55 kilometro kwadrado ang kalaparon sini kag makita ini sa una nga distrito. <br> Base sa 2024 census, ini may populasyon nga 259,993. Ang zip code sini 9700. <br> [[Category:Mga dakbanwa sang Pilipinas]] [[Category:Wp/hil]] {{INTERWIKI|Q592338}} g5hcang4zyl323xbe6w2knph5vuu8gq 0 1877599 7255755 7210753 2026-07-19T16:58:23Z Tolyatti 2693860 Tolyatti moved page [[Wy/su/Tepas]] to [[Wy/su/Kaca Utama]] 7210753 wikitext text/x-wiki __NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__ <!-- Coding for the top part of the page (Welcome message, links to continents etc.) --> <div style="width:45%; float:right; height:50px;"> <div style="float:right; width:55%; font-size:105%;"> [[File:Gray book question.png|27px|link=Wy/su/Babasan Wisata]] [[Wy/su/Babasan Wisata|Babasan Wisata]]<br /> [[File:Wikivoyage-logo-id.svg|27px|link=Wy/su/Babahaseun Wisata]] [[Wy/su/Babahaseun Wisata|Babahaseun Wisata]] </div> <div style="float:right; width:45%; font-size:105%;"> [[File:Religion 09.svg|27px|link=Wy/su/Tujuan Wisata]] [[Wy/su/Tujuan Wisata|Tujuan Wisata]]<br /> [[File:Exquisite-backpack.svg|27px|link=Wy/su/Liliaran]] [[Wy/su/Liliaran|Liliaran]] </div> </div> <div id="mf-welcome" class="portal-column-left" style="width: 55%; text-align:center"> <div style="font-size:220%; padding:0.1em; font-family:Georgia, serif; font-style:italic; font-color:black;">[[Wy/su/Wikivoyage:Wilujeng sumping|Wilujeng Sumping]] di [[Wy/su/Wikivoyage:Ngeunaan|Wikiwisata]]</div> <div style="margin-top:0.2em; font-family:Georgia, serif; font-style:italic">info wisata bébas, anu digarap réréorangan</br> Kiwari Wikiwisata basa Sunda karak ngawadahan {{Wy/su/NUMBEROFARTICLES}} artikel.</div> </div> <!--{{Wy/su/mapbanner | title=[[Wikivoyage:Welcome, newcomers|Welcome]] to [[Wikivoyage:About|Wikivoyage]] | tagline=the [[Wikivoyage:Copyleft|FREE]] worldwide travel guide that ''[[Wikivoyage:Plunge forward|anyone can edit]]''. | touristoffice=Got a specific question? 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It's free.<br>}} At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand it! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and [[translatewiki:Special:FirstSteps|follow the instructions]]. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]].{{#ifeq:{{lc:ltr}}|rtl|</div>|}}</div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 22:16, 23 August 2015 (UTC) ihzu6en8sq7o39fs7q9r40gnkr9a5or 3 2774924 7255662 3928126 2026-07-19T12:16:18Z J ansari 2521989 J ansari moved page [[User talk:Sajid Ahmed Nijhu]] to [[User talk:DeltaChronicler]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/Sajid Ahmed Nijhu|Sajid Ahmed Nijhu]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/DeltaChronicler|DeltaChronicler]]" 3928126 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float={{#ifeq:{{lc:ltr}}|rtl|left|right}} }} {{#ifeq:{{lc:ltr}}|rtl|<div class="rtl-text">|}} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! {{#ifeq:|yes|If you haven't already, please consider creating yourself an account to be able to do more. It's free.<br>}} At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand it! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and [[translatewiki:Special:FirstSteps|follow the instructions]]. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]].{{#ifeq:{{lc:ltr}}|rtl|</div>|}}</div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 06:17, 17 January 2016 (UTC) isvisb2g3s4japq2ipluarb9k905cvp 3 2873906 7255898 3928127 2026-07-19T21:10:23Z Revibot 1236611 Bot: Fixing double redirect from [[User talk:Sajid Ahmed Nijhu]] to [[User talk:DeltaChronicler]] 7255898 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[User talk:DeltaChronicler]] rmyt1etqj8ajdlc888p02ocjjo07d0u 0 3113922 7255934 7198975 2026-07-19T23:36:52Z 26agcp 2575807 agrego enlaces 7255934 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Image:Plato-mexico.jpg|thumb|250x250px|right|Píibil k'éek'en]] '''Píibil k'éek'en''' (ich káastlan t'aan: ''cochinita pibil''), jump'éel janal suuk u beeta'al ti’ u petenil [[Wp/yua/Yucatán|''Yucatán'']], jump'éel janal jach máan ki’, tuláakal máak beetik, suuk u beeta'al ti’ k'iimbesaj je'el bix oka', ts'o'okol beel, jéets' meek' yéetel ti' uláak k'iimbesajo'ob. Ku beeta’al yéetel u bak'el [[Wp/yua/K'éek'en|k'éek'en]], ku xa'ak'ta'al yéetel [[Wp/yua/K'uxub|k'uxub/kiwi']], ts'o'okole' ku pi’ixil yéetel u le' [[Wp/yua/Ja'as|ja'as]], ku ts'ooke' ku mu'uka'al ich lu'um. [[File:Cochinita pibil 2.jpg|thumb|250px]] == Ba'ax ku bisik == * U le' ja'as * Bak' * K'uxub/kiwi' * [[Wp/yua/Ta'ab|Ta'ab]] (máax ken u chaakale' leti' ken u yil buka'aj ken u ts'a'e) * [[Wp/yua/Xa'ak'|Xa'ak']] * [[Wp/yua/Kukut|Kukut]] (''morada'') * [[Wp/yua/Iik|Iik]] * [[Wp/yua/Su'uts' pak'áal|Su'uts' pak'áal]] == Bix u beeta'al == [[File:Authentic Cochinita Pibil.jpg|thumb]] K'a’abet jump'éel kuum, tu taamile' yaan u ts'abaj u le' ja'as, ts'o'okole' ka ts'áaik le bak'o', yaan u xa'ak’ta'al yéetel le chak xa'ak'o'. Yaan máaxo'obe’ ku ts'áaiko'ob [[Wp/yua/Tsaats|tsaats]]. Le píibil k'éek'eno' ku janta'al yéetel kukut, ku ts'amaj yéetel su'uts' pak'áal yéetel iik. Je’el u páajtal u janta’al u ''táacoile’'' wa u ''tóorta''. <br /> [[Category:Wp/yua]] [[Category:Wp/yua/Janalo'ob]] {{INTERWIKI|Q4804467}} h8ymh1vs6cmlvvkntzlkhxtszn31fin 0 3161953 7255962 7206889 2026-07-20T00:45:08Z VanModers 2551723 Lütje feelers ferbeetert 7255962 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/frs/Inf'rmóósjoonsboks Stad | Nóóm = Emden | Bild = Emden_Rathaus_001.jpg | Bildbräed't = 270px | Bildtekst = Róódhuus fan Emden | Inwoonertóól = 49.913 | Flâakt = 112,36 km&sup2; | Besiidelnsdiecht't = 444 inwooners/km&sup2; | Baalen = | Höeğt = 1 m. booven n.n. | Land = [[Wp/frs/Düütskland|Düütskland]] | Ferwaltensäinhaid 1 = [[Wp/frs/Leeğsaksen|Leeğsaksen]] | Nóóm Ferwaltensäinhaid 1 = [[Wp/frs/Leeğsaksen|Leeğsaksen]] | Burmester = Tim Kruidhof | Stadleedern = | Grünnen = | Postläidtóól = 26721, 26723, 26725 | Tiidtsôon = [[Wp/frs/UTC|UTC]] +1 | Sommertiid = [[Wp/frs/UTC|UTC]] +2 | Kooördiinóóten = | Webstee = [http://www.emden.de www.emden.de] }} [[File:Falderndelft (Rotes Siel) und Gödenser Haus und Neue Kirche in Emden (2023).jpg|thumb|Fallerndelft]] '''Emden''' is 'n kraisfräej stad bii d' muu fan d' [[Wp/frs/Äiems|Äiems]] an 't noordelk öyver fan d' [[Wp/frs/Dullert|Dullert]]. Mit 49.202 inwooners (stand 2024) is Emden däi lütjest fan däi kraisfräej steeden in 't [[Wp/frs/Leeğsaksen|Bundsland Leeğsaksen]]. Emden beset't plats 21 fan däi grôotst steeden in Leeğsaksen, man is nóó [[Wp/frs/Wilmshóóven|Wilmshóóven]] däi twäidgrôotst stad an d' leeğsaksk küest. Emden is däi grôotst stad fan [[Wp/frs/Oostfräisland|Oostfräisland]]. Däi stad Emden is as fräisk hannelsplats teegen 800 n.K. undstóón un is noch altiid döör siin seihóóven bekent, däi in 't 20. jorhunnert däi bóósis föör dat ansiideln fan grôot industriibedriiven, soo as dat helgen ''Nordseewerke'' un dat [[Wp/frs/VW-Waark|VW-Waark]], was. As wirtskaftsstandoord het Emden föör däi regjoon 'n boovenregjoonóól bedüüden. Siit 1973 is Emden ook 'n hooğskaulstad. == Geogróófii == Emden liğt in 't noordwest fan Düütskland in däi regjoon [[Wp/frs/Oostfräisland|Oostfräisland]]. Säi is däi westelkst seihóóvenstad in Düütskland. Däi stad liğt an 't noordelk öyver fan d' [[Wp/frs/Dullert|Dullert]], booven däi [[Wp/frs/Äiems|Äiems]]. Däi hóóven fan Emden is ruuğweğ 38 seimiilen (dat bünt ruuğweğ 70 kilomeeters) fan d' Noordsäj (bii [[Wp/frs/Börkem|Börkem]]) weğ. Däi westelkst punkt fan Emden häit't [[Wp/frs/Knoek|Knoek]]. Dor liğt boovendeem ook däi noordwestelkst punkt fan dat [[Wp/frs/Oostfräisk Halfailand|Oostfräisk Halfailand]]. Däi tauken grôot steeden bünt [[Wp/frs/Ollenbörğ|Ollenbörğ]], [[Wp/frs/Bräimen|Bräimen]], [[Wp/frs/Gröyngen|Gröyngen]] un [[Wp/frs/Wilmshóóven|Wilmshóóven]]: [[Wp/frs/Ollenbörğ|Ollenbörğ]] liğt ruuğweğ 70 kilomeeter oost-süüdoostelk, [[Wp/frs/Bräimen|Bräimen]] ruuğweğ 110 kilomeeter in 't sülviğ richten. [[Wp/frs/Gröyngen|Gröyngen]] in [[Wp/frs/Neerland|Neerland]] liğt ruuğweğ 50 kilomeeter west-süüdwestelk, man mit aauto of tsuğ is dat wiid t' foren, um dat man däi [[Wp/frs/Dullert|Dullert]] umforen maut. Wilmshóóven is ruuğweğ 60 kilomeeter oostelk fan Emden. === Wóóter === [[File:KarteKrummhoern.png|thumb|Wóóterkoert fan Emden un däi Krumhörn]] Emden is 'n stad mit fööl wóóter. Binnen d' stad gift dat 865 hektoor wóóter. Dat bünt soowat 7,7 prosent fan däi häiel flâakt fan Emden. Dat hóóvenbekken is d'r 'n grôot däil fan. Man dat gift ook ruuğweğ 150 kilomeeter lâang knóólen, däi döör d' stad förent. Enkeld knóólen bünt natürelk äjen, man däi mäiest wurdent fan minsken baaut. Tau 'n biispil gift dat däi Emder Stadsgracht, Oel Gracht nöymt. Däi was däil fan dat oel müerwaark un dat befastigen fan Emden in 't middeloller. Dat gift ook knóólen föör skeepen, as dat Trekfortsdäip, däi Äims-Siidelknóól un däi [[Wp/frs/Äims-Jóó-Knóól|Äims-Jóó-Knóól]]. In Emden liegent twei meerten: dat Uphuuser Meer un dat Bansmeer. Boovendeem grenst däi stad an 'n dâard meer; däi Hîiv of Lütje Meer. Âal meerten bünt döör knóólen ferbunnen. Soo köönent booten fan d' Emder hóóven döör däi wóóterknóólen nóó däi meerten un anner steeden in Oostfräisland foren. Dat Hinter Däip un dat Laarlter Däip ferbinnent Emden mit knóólen in noord un west. Dat [[Wp/frs/Knokster Däip|Knokster Däip]] fört nóó däi laugen in d' umgewesten. Dat [[Wp/frs/Feentjer Däip|Feentjer Däip]] un däi [[Wp/frs/Äims-Jóó-Knóól|Äims-Jóó-Knóól]] ferbinnent Emden mit knóólen un slooden in 't oost. Oover däi Äims-Jóó-Knóól un anner wóóterweegen kan man bit nóó Ollenbörğ un nóó d' [[Wp/frs/Wäiser|Wäiser]] foren. Of un tau bünt däi brüegen läip leeğ, düs paasent dor bloot booten sünner hôoğ upbaauten döör. Däi Emder hóóven het twei slüüsen: däi Grôot Slües un däi Nesserlanner Slües. Disser slüüsen bünt wichtiğ poorten. Säi ferbinnent däi wóóterweegen mit däi grôot säj, Dullert un Äiems. == Histoorje == 1464 wur Emden residens fan däi oostfräisk gróófenfemiilje [[Wp/frs/Tsirksenó|Tsirksenó]]. Unner höör wur däi stad düğtiğ befastiğt un wirtskaftelk uutbaaut. Kaiser [[Wp/frs/Maximilian I|Maximilian I]] gaf Emden dat stóópelrecht un ferläinde däi stad 1495 'n wóópen. Um 1500 haar däi stad ruuğweğ 3000 inwooners un was d'r mit däi grôotst siidlung in Oostfräisland. Fan 1520 of an wur Emden tau 'n wichtiğ tsentrum fan d' ref'rmóósjoon, besünners döör ref'rmóótooren so as Johannes a Lasco. Emden undwikkelde sük t'móól tau 'n ref'rmóótoorsk tsentrum as Genf of Wittenberg. [[File:TK 25000 1954 Emden 2609 - Ausschnitt Stadtgebiet.jpg|thumb|Koert fan Emden (1954).]] 1595 kwam dat tau däi Emder Rewulusjoon: börgers stört'dent däi róód däi fan Gróóf [[Wp/frs/Edsert II|Edsert II]] inset't worden was un beset'dent däi börğ. Däi gróóf mus siin heerskup ofgeeven un Auerk wur däi näej residens fan däi oostfräisk gróófen. Emden ferkreeğ soo 'n semi-aautonôom stóótus. 1609–1616 wur däi beraumt wâal upricht't, däi Emden skütsen sul. In d' [[Wp/frs/Daartiğjoriğ Oorlauğ|Daartiğjoriğ Oorlauğ]] bleev Emden ferskoont. 1643 undstun 'n wóólfang-kumpanii. Doo däi läest Tsirksenó 1744 kinnerlös ooverleed, kwam Emden unner prüüsk heerkup un wur prüüsk freihóóven. In 't 19. jorhunnert dee Emden fan d' prüüsk neutróólitäitstóótus in d' oorlauğ teegen Frankriik profiitäären. Däi westbóón wur baaut, däi hóóven fernäjert, un däi stad wur as strateeğsk seihóóven föör dat Ruurgebiit belangriik. Tüsken 1886 un 1902 undstunnent wichtiğ wóóterbaauten, d'r unner däi keedelslüües, däi Äims-Jóó-Slüües un däi grôot seislüües - däi döör kaiser [[Wp/frs/Wilm II|Wilm II]] eröfnt wur. Dat industriiäel undwikkeln un däi hóóven wurdent wiider uutbaaut. Up d' 6 september 1944 wur däi Emder olstad hóóst häilundal döör briitsk lüchtangreepen fernäilt. Nóó 't äen fan d' oorlauğ fung däi weerupbaau an. 1962 wur dat róódhuus näj eröfnt. Industriien siideldent sük an un maudêern inrichtens kwamment. In d' folğjoren undwikkelde sük Emden tau 'n maudêern hóóven- un industriistad mit kultüräel bedüüden. == Kultüer un turismus in Emden == Däi stad Emden liğt in 't noordwest fan Düütskland in däi regjoon Oostfräisland. Däi stad het näit alleniğ 'n wichtiğ hóóven, man ook fööl kultüräel anbooden un histoorsk baauten. Emden het 'n lâang histoorje, däi man up fööl steeden in d' stad unddekken kan. === Museen === [[File:Kunsthalle Emden & Emder Stadtgraben mit Angler (2023).jpg|thumb|Künsthâal Emden mit gracht d'r fööer]] Däi künsthâal Emden is 'n bekent museum föör maudêern künst. Säi wur 1986 fan d' Emder publisist Henri Nannen grünt. In däi künsthâal gift dat biller, skulptüren un skeepen uut d' 20. un 21. jorhunnert. Künstlers soo as Max Beckmann, Ernst Ludwig Kirchner of August Macke bünt hir fertreeden. Dat gift ook wesseluutstellens mit künst uut âal weerld. Dat Oostfräisk Landsmuseum wist däi histoorje fan Emden un Oostfräisland. Dat museum sit't in 't oel Emder róódshuus. Besöykers köönent hir oel skeepen, korten, wóópens, mööbels un münten säin. Besünners bekent is däi grôot rüstenskóómer, däi uut dat 16. jorhunnert stamt. Dat museum ferklort ook, woo däi minsken in Emden waleer leevt un aarbaid't hebbent. Dat Otto-Huus is 'n lütjet museum oover däi Emder koomikker [[Wp/frs/Otto Waalkes|Otto Waalkes]]. Binnen dat muuseum gift 'n büelt lüstiğ biller, figüren, films un dingen uut siin leevend t' säin. === Karken un histoorsk baauten === [[File:Neue-Kirche-Emden-msu-0686.jpg|thumb|Däi Näej Kâark]] Däi Grôot Kâark, ook Maräjenkâark nöymt, is äien fan däi oelst baauten fan d' stad. Säi wur in 't middeloller baaut un het fööl buent fensters un 'n grôot öörgel. Däi Näej Kâark is 'n Ewangeelsk-Ref'rmäärt kâark uut dat 17. jorhunnert. Däi is 'n gaud biispil föör däi sliecht karkenarchitektüer fan däi ref'rmäärt kristen. Dat [[Wp/frs/Emder Róódhuus|Emder Róódhuus]] staajt midden in d' binnenstad. In d' [[Wp/frs/Twäied Weerldoorlauğ|Twäied Weerldoorlauğ]] wur 't fernäilt, man d'r nóó in oel föörm weer upbaaut. Dat wist fööl details uut däi histoorje fan Emden. Binnen kan man fandóóeğ dat landsmuseum besöyken. Däi Emder Wâal is 'n oel stadbefastigen uut dat 17. jorhunnert. Umtau is fandóóeğ 'n grôot park mit póóden, oel bastjoonen un grachten. Däi wâal is bii loopers, fiitsers un femiiljen läip beläivt. Fan hum het man ook 'n môoj blik up d' stad. === Tjóóter un feranstalten === Dat näej Emder tjóóter is dat wichtiğst tjóóter fan d' stad. Hir wordent tjóóterstükken, kunserten, musicals un comedy-shows upfört. Fööl bekent künstlers uut Düütskland treedent hir up. Däi Noordseihâal is 'n grôot festhâal. Hir gift dat maarkten, sportferanstaltens un kunserten mit fööl taukiikers. Elker joer word't d'r dat internóósjoonóóel filmfest Emden-Nördernäj ofhollen. D'r bii wordent films uut häiel Euroopó weesen, fóók mit däi dorstellers of rezjissöören d'r mank. Dat is äien fan däi grôotst filmfesten in Noorddüütskland. === Anner uutfluğtsiilen === Däi Emder hóóven is 'n wichtiğ staddäil. Hir kan man grôot skeepen, króónen un lóógerhuusen säin. Dat gift rundforten mit boot döör 't hóóvenbekken. Däi hóóven is wichtiğ föör däi aautotransport un däi hannel. Däi delft is 'n wóóteraarm midden in d' stad. Häi wur frauer as hóóven bruukt. Fandóóeğ liegent hir museumsskeepen. Up d' wal fan d' delft gift dat fööl môoj oel huusen, restaaurants un kafees. [[File:OstfriesischesPlatt.png|thumb|Tóólkoert fan Oostfräisland]] In 't róódsdelft liğt dat fürskip Amrumbank/Deutsche Bucht. Häi wur frauer as swemmend fürtoorn bruukt un kan fandóóeğ besöcht worden. Ook dat seinoodreddensboot George Bräuseng is d'r t' säin. === Tradisjoon un tóól === Wat minsken in Emden prootent [[Wp/frs/Oostfräisk|Oostfräisk]]. Dat gift noch meer, däi Oostfräisk ferstóón köönent. Oostfräisk word't fóók in femiiljen, up maarkten of bii 't spöölen proot't. Däi stad is stolt up höör oostfräisk tradisjoonen, tau 'n biispil däi teekultüer. In fööl kafees word't tee up oostfräisk menäär serwäärt, mit kluntje un room. == Sport == [[File:EmbdenaStadionHaupttribuene.JPG|thumb|Oostfräisland-stóódjoon, hir daajt Kickers Emden spöölen]] === Fautbâal === Däi feräien [[Wp/frs/Kickers Emden|Kickers Emden]] wur in 't joer 1946 sticht't. Häi spöölt in 't Oostfräisland-stóódjon, dat plats föör ruuğweğ 7.200 taukiikers büd't. Kickers Emden was frauer sülst in d' dâard ligó aktiif. Fandóóeğ spöölt däi feräien in d' Reegjoonóólligó Noord, däi färdhôoğst ligó in Düütskland. === Wóótersport === Emden liğt an 't wóóter. D'r döör is wóótersport häil belangriik. Däi Emder roojferäien is äien fan däi oelst roojferäinen in d' reegjoon. Häi wur 1909 sticht't. Bii hum kan man dat roojen up d' slooden, knóólen un in d' hóóven leeren. Ook kaanuu- un kajakforten bünt möögelk. [[File:Flug Emden 2010 189.JPG|thumb|Dat Van-Ameren-bad in Borsem]] Dat gift meerder saajelferäinen in Emden. Up 't Lütje Meer (Hîiv) un Dullert kan man häil gaud saajeln. In Emden gift dat dat maudêern Van-Ameren-bad. 'N binnenbad mit sportbekken, sprungtoorns un saaunó. 'S sömmers is dat freilüchtbad Borsem läip beläivt. Hir kan man buuten swemmen, rutskern un spöölen. === Anner sportorden === Däi grôotst sportferäien in Emden is däi TV Borsem. Häi het fööl anbooden as turnen, atleetik, dansen, juudoo, handbâal un anner sportsorden. Emden is 'n fiitsstad. Fööl minsken forent mit rad nóó d' aarbaid, nóó d' skaul of bruukent höör fîits in d' freitiid. Dat gift fiitspóóden in d' stad un döör d' natüer. Ook zjoegen un walken is in Emden beläivt. Beläivt strekken sünt däi Emder Wâal, däi Knokster weğ of däi póóden langs däi däipen. == Wirtskaft== Emden is 'n industriijäel stad. Fööl minsken aarbaident in febrikken, in d' hóóven of in d' loogistik. Däi grôotst aarbaidsgeever in Emden is däi firmó [[Wp/frs/Volkswagen|Volkswagen]]. Dat VW-Waark Emden gift dat siit 1964. D'r wordent hoovdsóókelk aautos baaut - tau 'n biispil moodellen as däi Passat un ID. 7 ('n eelektrisk aauto). Dat waark is äien fan däi belangrîikst in [[Wp/frs/Düütskland|Düütskland]] un beskeftigt ruuğweğ 8000 minsken (stand: 2023 joren). Fööl anner aarbaidsplatsen hangent mit Volkswagen t'sóómen, tau 'n biispil däi tauleeverders of anner waarksteeden. Volkswagen inwestäärt ook in 't umbaauen up eelektrómoobiiliitäit. Dat waark in Emden spöölt d'r bii 'n grôot ruel. [[File:Flug Emden 2010 041.JPG|thumb|Emder hóóven]] Däi [[Wp/frs/Emder hóóven|Emder hóóven]] is äien fan däi grôotst düütsk sei-autooferlóódhóóven. Dat häit't: Hir wordent elker joer meerder hunnertduusend aautos up skeepen lóóden un in fööl lâan eksportäärt. Nóóst aautos wordent ook anner wooren in d' hóóven ferfracht't, soo as holt, baaustoffen, windkrachtdäilen of pepier. Däi hóóven is 'n wichtiğ stóósjoon föör d' import un eksport fan gauden. Däi hóóven het 'n grôot slüües. Disser ferbint dat hóóvenbekken mit däi oopen säj. Soo köönent ook grôot skeepen in- un uutforen. In d' ferleeden joren het sük Emden ook in d' fernäjerbor eenergiien undwikkelt. Oover d' hóóven wordent windkrachtanlóógen ferfracht't. Fööl däilen föör windróóden wordent hir undlóóden of ferskeept. Firmen in 't rebäit windkracht, sulaartechnik un umweerldtechnik hebbent sük in Emden dóóllóóten of aarbaident äeng mit anner unnerneemen t'sóómen. === Ferkeer === Emden is oover d' aautobóón A31 gaud mit dat stróótennet ferbunnen. Däi A31 led't fan Emden bit in 't Ruurgebiit. In d' nóóet begünt ook däi A28, däi nóó Ollenbörğ un Bräimen fört. Boovendeem gift dat fööl gaud uutbaaut landstróóten in âal richtens fan Oostfräisland. Däi binnenstad is ferkeersbedort un dat gift parkhuusen un busferbinnens. In Emden forent bussen in âal staddäilen. Däi Stadswaarken Emden (SWE) bedriivent däi busferkeer. [[File:Ostfriesland Verkehr-de.svg|thumb|Ferkeerskoert fan 't Oostfräisland mit stróótennet, bóónnet un feerferbinnens]] Emden is an dat bóónnet anbunnen. Fan d' Emder bóónhof forent tsüügen nóó: * [[Wp/frs/Nörddiik Môol|Nörddiik Môol]] * [[Wp/frs/Läär|Läär]] - [[Wp/frs/Ollenbörğ|Ollenbörğ]] - [[Wp/frs/Bräimen|Bräimen]] – [[Wp/frs/Hanoover|Hanoover]] * [[Wp/frs/Rheine|Rheine]] - [[Wp/frs/Münster|Münster]] - [[Wp/frs/Ruurgebiit|Ruurgebiit]] (oover d' Äimslandsträek) Dat gift ook däi bóónhof Emden Buutenhóóven, diirekt bii d' fêer föör dat ailand Börkem. Däi tsüügen nóó d' buutenhóóven forent as ailandbóón fan d' bóónhof. Fan däi buutenhóóven Emden forent reegelmóótiğ feeren nóó 't ailand [[Wp/frs/Börkem|Börkem]]. Dat gift grôot katamaróónen un grooterder aautofeeren. Däi fort dürt 1-2 stüen. Emden is 'n radstad. Däi weegen bünt mäist flak un dat gift fööl fiitspóóden, ook biisiids däi stróóten. Fööl minsken in Emden forent aldóógelk mit fîits nóó d' aarbaid of nóó d' skaul tau. [[Category:Wp/frs|*]] {{INTERWIKI|Q4174}} mpl28vootew42vzi372jfdhlr3ku5m2 0 3321250 7256419 7248875 2026-07-20T10:29:56Z Rooth N 2608660 7256419 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q110588576}} '''A. G. Mehta''' akaba ari omwe aha baabaire barikujwekyera abantu omu pariyamenti ya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] kandi niwe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eka ya Gujarati ow'abany'amakorero.<ref>Nair, Savita (2018). "[https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0001972018000190 Despite dislocations: Uganda's Indians remaking home]". ''Africa''. '''88''' (3): 492–517. [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:149923975 doi:10.1017/S0001972018000190. ISSN&nbsp;0001-9720. S2CID&nbsp;149923975.]</ref> Hon. A.G. Mehta bakamuronda nk'omunya East-Asian owaabandize kuba meeya w'orurembo rukuru rwa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] orurikumanywa nka [[Wp/nyn/Kampala|Kampala]] omu mwaka gwa1968 kandi akaba ari munywani w'eby'entebekaniisa ya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] eyabandizwe [[Wp/nyn/Milton Obote|Milton Obote]]; obu barwaniire okutegyeka Uganda Constitutional Conference omu mwaka gwa 1961.<ref>[https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C14088370 ''Uganda Constitutional Conference, London, September-October 1961: basic papers on the Uganda courts''.] The National Archives: Records of the Foreign and Commonwealth Office and predecessors. 1961</ref><ref>"[https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/1462902 Meet Kampala's Mayors since Independence]". ''New Vision''.</ref><ref>National Assembly, Uganda (1968). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=xjZVAAAAYAAJ&q=AG+Mehta Official Report]''. Entebee: Uganda Govt. Printer.</ref> Naasiimwa kuba niwe yaahangireho eby'abaire biri omu Ngyendererwaho ya Uganda ey'abandiize.<ref>"[https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/1437232 Uganda Constitutional Conference, 1961]". ''New Vision''. October 2016.</ref> == Obwegyese bwe== A.G. Mehta akeega nka barrister ahari ,[[wp/nyn/Queen Mary University of London|Queen Mary University of London]], eishomero ry'ebiragiro, omuri burengyerwa-izooba, kandi akikirizibwa kukora aha ebiragiro omuri Bungyereza, [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] na [[Wp/nyn/Kenya|Kenya]].<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=LqtZRmvRqm4C&dq=AG+Mehta+kampala+1968&pg=PA139 Kenya Gazette]''. 9 February 1968.</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=EwFA6tKG1ewC&dq=AG+Mehta+kampala&pg=PA170 ''Kenya Gazette''.] 17 February 1967</ref><ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=RNuP_1Z3JQYC&dq=AG+Mehta+kampala&pg=PA104 Kenya Gazette]''. 7 February 1969.</ref> == Omurimo gw'obutegyeki == === Omukiiki omu ishengyero === [[File:The Honourable A.G. Mehta and wife Savita Radia.png|thumb|Mehta hamwe n'omukazi we Savita Radia (Bumosho) omu rukiiko rwa kanso y'orurembo [[Wp/nyn/Kampala|Kampala]],[[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]], 1968]] === Meeya wa Kampala === A.G. Mehta akarondwa nk'omu Hindi w'okubanza kuba meeya w'orurembo rukuru rwa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]], [[Wp/nyn/Kampala|Kampala]], omwaka rwa 1968.esabiiti emwe atakafiire omwaka rwa 1969, Mehta akaiguraho eitagi ry'eby'ebiragiro ririkugambirira okukwataniisa kw'abantu ahari [[wp/nyn/Baháʼí Faith|Baháʼí Faith]] omuri [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|uganda]]. == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == <references /> . [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q110588576}} 820yt9wzc9iz5ju6yxohh0vvjupc5e2 7256421 7256419 2026-07-20T10:30:12Z Rooth N 2608660 7256421 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q110588576}} '''A. G. Mehta''' akaba ari omwe aha baabaire barikujwekyera abantu omu pariyamenti ya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] kandi niwe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eka ya Gujarati ow'abany'amakorero.<ref>Nair, Savita (2018). "[https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0001972018000190 Despite dislocations: Uganda's Indians remaking home]". ''Africa''. '''88''' (3): 492–517. [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:149923975 doi:10.1017/S0001972018000190. ISSN&nbsp;0001-9720. S2CID&nbsp;149923975.]</ref> Hon. A.G. Mehta bakamuronda nk'omunya East-Asian owaabandize kuba meeya w'orurembo rukuru rwa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] orurikumanywa nka [[Wp/nyn/Kampala|Kampala]] omu mwaka gwa1968 kandi akaba ari munywani w'eby'entebekaniisa ya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] eyabandizwe [[Wp/nyn/Milton Obote|Milton Obote]]; obu barwaniire okutegyeka Uganda Constitutional Conference omu mwaka gwa 1961.<ref>[https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C14088370 ''Uganda Constitutional Conference, London, September-October 1961: basic papers on the Uganda courts''.] The National Archives: Records of the Foreign and Commonwealth Office and predecessors. 1961</ref><ref>"[https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/1462902 Meet Kampala's Mayors since Independence]". ''New Vision''.</ref><ref>National Assembly, Uganda (1968). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=xjZVAAAAYAAJ&q=AG+Mehta Official Report]''. Entebee: Uganda Govt. Printer.</ref> Naasiimwa kuba niwe yaahangireho eby'abaire biri omu Ngyendererwaho ya Uganda ey'abandiize.<ref>"[https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/1437232 Uganda Constitutional Conference, 1961]". ''New Vision''. October 2016.</ref> == Obwegyese bwe== A.G. Mehta akeega nka barrister ahari ,Queen Mary University of London, eishomero ry'ebiragiro, omuri burengyerwa-izooba, kandi akikirizibwa kukora aha ebiragiro omuri Bungyereza, [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] na [[Wp/nyn/Kenya|Kenya]].<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=LqtZRmvRqm4C&dq=AG+Mehta+kampala+1968&pg=PA139 Kenya Gazette]''. 9 February 1968.</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=EwFA6tKG1ewC&dq=AG+Mehta+kampala&pg=PA170 ''Kenya Gazette''.] 17 February 1967</ref><ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=RNuP_1Z3JQYC&dq=AG+Mehta+kampala&pg=PA104 Kenya Gazette]''. 7 February 1969.</ref> == Omurimo gw'obutegyeki == === Omukiiki omu ishengyero === [[File:The Honourable A.G. Mehta and wife Savita Radia.png|thumb|Mehta hamwe n'omukazi we Savita Radia (Bumosho) omu rukiiko rwa kanso y'orurembo [[Wp/nyn/Kampala|Kampala]],[[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]], 1968]] === Meeya wa Kampala === A.G. Mehta akarondwa nk'omu Hindi w'okubanza kuba meeya w'orurembo rukuru rwa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]], [[Wp/nyn/Kampala|Kampala]], omwaka rwa 1968.esabiiti emwe atakafiire omwaka rwa 1969, Mehta akaiguraho eitagi ry'eby'ebiragiro ririkugambirira okukwataniisa kw'abantu ahari [[wp/nyn/Baháʼí Faith|Baháʼí Faith]] omuri [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|uganda]]. == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == <references /> . [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q110588576}} 5dkw0ogxjojcjrtl3mnn3tl4rtr8sgf 7256422 7256421 2026-07-20T10:30:31Z Rooth N 2608660 7256422 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q110588576}} '''A. G. Mehta''' akaba ari omwe aha baabaire barikujwekyera abantu omu pariyamenti ya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] kandi niwe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eka ya Gujarati ow'abany'amakorero.<ref>Nair, Savita (2018). "[https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0001972018000190 Despite dislocations: Uganda's Indians remaking home]". ''Africa''. '''88''' (3): 492–517. [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:149923975 doi:10.1017/S0001972018000190. ISSN&nbsp;0001-9720. S2CID&nbsp;149923975.]</ref> Hon. A.G. Mehta bakamuronda nk'omunya East-Asian owaabandize kuba meeya w'orurembo rukuru rwa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] orurikumanywa nka [[Wp/nyn/Kampala|Kampala]] omu mwaka gwa1968 kandi akaba ari munywani w'eby'entebekaniisa ya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] eyabandizwe [[Wp/nyn/Milton Obote|Milton Obote]]; obu barwaniire okutegyeka Uganda Constitutional Conference omu mwaka gwa 1961.<ref>[https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C14088370 ''Uganda Constitutional Conference, London, September-October 1961: basic papers on the Uganda courts''.] The National Archives: Records of the Foreign and Commonwealth Office and predecessors. 1961</ref><ref>"[https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/1462902 Meet Kampala's Mayors since Independence]". ''New Vision''.</ref><ref>National Assembly, Uganda (1968). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=xjZVAAAAYAAJ&q=AG+Mehta Official Report]''. Entebee: Uganda Govt. Printer.</ref> Naasiimwa kuba niwe yaahangireho eby'abaire biri omu Ngyendererwaho ya Uganda ey'abandiize.<ref>"[https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/1437232 Uganda Constitutional Conference, 1961]". ''New Vision''. October 2016.</ref> == Obwegyese bwe== A.G. Mehta akeega nka barrister ahari ,Queen Mary University of London, eishomero ry'ebiragiro, omuri burengyerwa-izooba, kandi akikirizibwa kukora aha ebiragiro omuri Bungyereza, [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] na [[Wp/nyn/Kenya|Kenya]].<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=LqtZRmvRqm4C&dq=AG+Mehta+kampala+1968&pg=PA139 Kenya Gazette]''. 9 February 1968.</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=EwFA6tKG1ewC&dq=AG+Mehta+kampala&pg=PA170 ''Kenya Gazette''.] 17 February 1967</ref><ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=RNuP_1Z3JQYC&dq=AG+Mehta+kampala&pg=PA104 Kenya Gazette]''. 7 February 1969.</ref> == Omurimo gw'obutegyeki == === Omukiiki omu ishengyero === [[File:The Honourable A.G. Mehta and wife Savita Radia.png|thumb|Mehta hamwe n'omukazi we Savita Radia (Bumosho) omu rukiiko rwa kanso y'orurembo [[Wp/nyn/Kampala|Kampala]],[[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]], 1968]] === Meeya wa Kampala === A.G. Mehta akarondwa nk'omu Hindi w'okubanza kuba meeya w'orurembo rukuru rwa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]], [[Wp/nyn/Kampala|Kampala]], omwaka rwa 1968.esabiiti emwe atakafiire omwaka rwa 1969, Mehta akaiguraho eitagi ry'eby'ebiragiro ririkugambirira okukwataniisa kw'abantu ahari Baháʼí Faith omuri [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|uganda]]. == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == <references /> . [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q110588576}} bqn1s6tfvhjtw4lzhoed8b54p5ghac6 3 3335977 7255868 7233787 2026-07-19T20:47:22Z MediaWiki message delivery 633333 /* Gentle Reminder: Kindly submit your Organizer Feedback for Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 */ new section 7255868 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float=right }} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]]. </div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 15:48, 5 July 2022 (UTC) [[User:Selina Arthur|Selina Arthur]] == Please try and create new articles not the one I am working on == Try and create new articles not the ones I am working on [[User:Assilidjoe|Assilidjoe]] ([[User talk:Assilidjoe|talk]]) 08:58, 23 February 2023 (UTC) == Translation request == Hi! How are you doing? Could you please translate these articles to Fante? : Interlingue, originally Occidental, is an international auxiliary language created in 1922 and renamed in 1949. Its creator, Edgar de Wahl, sought to achieve maximal grammatical regularity and natural character. The vocabulary is based on pre-existing words from various languages and a derivational system which uses recognized prefixes and suffixes. : Edgar de Wahl (23 August 1867 – 9 March 1948) was a Baltic German teacher, mathematician and linguist. He is most famous for being the creator of Interlingue (known as Occidental throughout his life), a naturalistic constructed language based on the Indo-European languages, which was initially published in 1922. Thanks. --[[User:Caro de Segeda|Caro de Segeda]] ([[User talk:Caro de Segeda|talk]]) 11:06, 15 April 2023 (UTC) :Hello Sir.... I'm by GOD's grace and you?? okay... translating right away :thanks [[User:Yaw tuba|Yaw tuba]] ([[User talk:Yaw tuba|talk]]) 16:17, 15 April 2023 (UTC) :Interlingue a ahyɛse no na ɔyɛ Osidɛntal kasa no yɛ amanaman ntsam kasa a boa a wɔyɛe wɔ afe 1922 mu na wɔsesaa nye dzin wɔ afe 1949 mu. - (Interlingue, originally Occidental, is an international auxiliary language created in 1922 and renamed in 1949.) :Nye bɔfo, Edgar de Wahl, hwehwɛɛ dɛ obenya kasa mbra mu daa na abɔdze mu su a ɔkyɛn biara. - (Its creator, Edgar de Wahl, sought to achieve maximal grammatical regularity and natural character.) :Nye mfua no gyina nsɛmfua a wɔdze dzi kan fir kasa ahorow mu na nsɛmfua a wɔdze fi mu a wɔdze nsɛmfua a wɔdze dzi kan na ekyigyina a wogye tom dzi dwuma do. - (The vocabulary is based on pre-existing words from various languages and a derivational system which uses recognized prefixes and suffixes.) :Nna Edgar de Wahl (23 [[Wp/fat/Dzifuu|Dzifuu]] 1867 – 9 [[Wp/fat/Ebɔw|Ebɔw]] 1948) yɛ Baltic German ɔkyerɛkyerɛfo, akontaabu ho ɔbenfo na kasa ho nyimdzefo. - (Edgar de Wahl (23 August 1867 – 9 March 1948) was a Baltic German teacher, mathematician and linguist.) :Ogye dzin kɛse dɛ ɔno na ɔbɔɔ Interlingue (a wonyim no dɛ Osidɛntal wɔ n’asetra nyinara mu), kasa a wɔdze abɔdze mu ndzɛmba ayɛ a ogyina Indo-Europa kasa ahorow do, a woetsintsim ahyɛse no wɔ afe 1922 mu. - (He is most famous for being the creator of Interlingue (known as Occidental throughout his life), a naturalistic constructed language based on the Indo-European languages, which was initially published in 1922.) :Kindly contact me if you need clarification on any of the translations... Thanks [[User:Yaw tuba|Yaw tuba]] ([[User talk:Yaw tuba|talk]]) 17:22, 15 April 2023 (UTC) ::Thanks. I have created both articles. [[User:Caro de Segeda|Caro de Segeda]] ([[User talk:Caro de Segeda|talk]]) 21:59, 15 April 2023 (UTC) == Translation request == Hi! Could you please translate this? * List of articles every Wikipedia should have * Biography * Artists and architects * Authors, playwrights and poets * Composers and musicians * Explorers and travelers * Film directors, screenwriters and actors * Inventors, scientists and mathematicians * Philosophers and social scientists * Political leaders * Religious figures and theologians * Philosophy * Religion * Social sciences * Psychology * Family and relationships * Politics * Business and economics * Law * International organizations * War and military * Social issues * Language and literature * Measurements * Weight, volume and distance * Time * Science * Astronomy * Biology * Biological processes * Organisms * Anatomy * Health and medicine * Specific Diseases/Conditions * Chemistry * Earth science * Physics * Mathematics * Food and agriculture * Agriculture * Food * Beverages * Technology * Communication * Electronics * Computers and Internet * Energy and fuels * Materials * Transportation * Weapons * Arts and recreation * Architecture and civil engineering * Film, radio and television * Music * Recreation * History * Prehistory and ancient world * Middle Ages and Early Modern * Modern * Geography * Continents and major regions * Countries * Cities * Bodies of water * Mountains and deserts --[[User:Caro de Segeda|Caro de Segeda]] ([[User talk:Caro de Segeda|talk]]) 09:57, 16 April 2023 (UTC) :okay Sir..... You gonna hear from me soon... Thanks [[User:Yaw tuba|Yaw tuba]] ([[User talk:Yaw tuba|talk]]) 10:01, 16 April 2023 (UTC) :* List of articles every Wikipedia should have – Atekels a ɔsɛ dɛ Wikipedia biara enya :* Biography - Asetra mu nsɛm/Obiho-sɛnkyerɛw :* Artists and architects - ndwumfo na akitɛts :* Authors, playwrights and poets - Nwoma akyerɛwfo, agor akyerɛwfo na anwensɛm akyerɛwfo :* Composers and musicians Ndwom akyerɛwfo na ndwomtofo :* Explorers and travelers – Hɔn a hɔn hwehwɛ ndzɛmba mu na akwantufo :* Film directors, screenwriters and actors – Sinyi kwankyerɛfo, sinyi akyerɛwfo ne agoruyɛfo :* Inventors, scientists and mathematicians – Hɔn a wɔyɛ ndzɛmba fofor, nyansahufo na akontaabufo :* Philosophers and social scientists – Nyansapɛfo na asetra ho nyansahufo :* Political leaders – Amanyɛsɛm mu akandzifo :* Religious figures and theologians – Nyamesom mu nnyimpa na nyamekyerɛfo :* Philosophy – Felɔsɔfi :* Religion – Ɔsom :* Social sciences – Asetra mu nsɛm ho nyansahu :* Psychology – Adwen na Nkatse Ho Adzesua :* Family and relationships – Ebusua na Ebusuabɔ :* Politics – Amanyɛsɛm :* Business and economics – Edwumayɛ na sikasɛm :* Law – Mbra :* International organizations – Amanaman ntsam ahyehyɛdze ahorow :* War and military – Ɔko na sraadzi :* Social issues – Asetra mu nsɛm :* Language and literature – Kasa na nwoma ahorow :* Measurements – Nsusuwii ahorow :* Weight, volume and distance – Mu dur, nye kɛse na kwan a ɔda ntsam :* Time – Ber :* Science – Saense :* Astronomy – Nsoromma Ho Adzesua :* Biology – Abɔdze a nkwa wom ho adzesua :* Biological processes – Abɔdze a nkwa wom mu ndzɛmba a ɔkɔ do :* Organisms – Abɔdze a nkwa wom :* Anatomy – Anatomy ho adzesua :* Health and medicine – Akwahosan na nduruyɛ :* Specific Diseases/Conditions – Nyarewa/Tsebea Pɔtsee :* Chemistry – Kɛmistri :* Earth science – Asase ho nyansahu :* Physics – Abɔdze mu Ndzɛmba ho Adzesua :* Mathematics – Nkontaabu :* Food and agriculture – Edziban na kuayɛ :* Agriculture – Kuedwuma :* Food – Edziban :* Beverages – Nsã a wɔnom :* Technology – Tɛknɔlɔgyi :* Communication – Nkutahodie :* Electronics – Ɛlektrɔnik mfir a Wɔdze dzi Dwuma :* Computers and Internet – Kɔmputa na Intanɛt :* Energy and fuels – Ahoɔdzen na pɛtro :* Materials – Ndzɛmba a Wɔdze yɛ Edwuma :* Transportation – Akwantu :* Weapons – Akodze a wɔdze yɛ edwuma :* Arts and recreation – Adwinnyi na ahomegye :* Architecture and civil engineering – Adansi ho edwuma na aban mfiridwuma :* Film, radio and television – Sinyi, radio na tɛlɛvihyɛn :* Music – Ndwom :* Recreation – Ahomegye :* History – Abakɔsɛm :* Prehistory and ancient world – Abakɔsɛm a edzii kan bae na tsetse wiadze :* Middle Ages and Early Modern – Finimfin Mber na Nnɛyi Ahyɛse :* Modern – Abɛɛfosɛm :* Geography – Asase ho nsɛm :* Continents and major regions – Asasepɔn na amantsam atsitsir :* Countries – Aman ahorow :* Cities – Nkurow akɛse :* Bodies of water – Nsu a ɔwɔ nsu mu :* Mountains and deserts – Mbepɔw na anhweatsam do :[[User:Yaw tuba|Yaw tuba]] ([[User talk:Yaw tuba|talk]]) 23:31, 18 April 2023 (UTC) ::I have finally created the [https://fat.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atekels_a_%C9%94s%C9%9B_d%C9%9B_Wikipedia_biara_enya article] [[User:Caro de Segeda|Caro de Segeda]] ([[User talk:Caro de Segeda|talk]]) 08:49, 10 May 2023 (UTC) :::nice one.... seen :::Thanks a lot [[User:Yaw tuba|Yaw tuba]] ([[User talk:Yaw tuba|talk]]) 09:09, 10 May 2023 (UTC) == fat.wikipedia.org has been created == Hello! [[:fat:]] is now live and all content from [[Wp/fat]] should have been transferred from here to there. If anything is missing, please let me know so I can fix it. Now, when a wiki is brand new like now, there are some problems in the start. I will list the ones I am aware of here, so you will be aware that this is normal for brand new wikis. These problems should be solved "automatically" within a few days – if any of these problems last more than 1 week, please do contact me, and I can help find someone to fix them. # The Visual Editor and the DiscussionTools might not work as expected. It may be possible to create new pages with the Visual Editor, and new threads with DiscussionTools, but editing existing pages or replying to threads might not work. For now, you can use the source code editor. # Connections to Wikidata might not work yet. # Statistics on [[Special:Statistics]] and via magic words like <code><nowiki>{{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}</nowiki></code> aren't updated yet, so they will mostly show 0. This should be updated within 1 day. You may also notice a discrepancy between the number of pages shown in [[Special:Statistics]]. For a page to be counted in the statistics, it needs to have at least one <nowiki>[[internal link]]</nowiki>. So if the number is smaller than you expect, that doesn't mean that articles are missing, but it means you (as a community) will need to add more links to articles. If you have any other questions, please don't hesitate to ask. Otherwise, congratulations and best of luck with the new wiki! --<small>[[User:MF-Warburg|MF-W]] ''{a, b}''</small> 06:36, 21 April 2023 (UTC) == Translation request == Could you please translate this to Mfantse? According to Wikipedia, they are all famous Fante speakers. ::* Peter Kodwo Appiah Turkson is a Ghanaian prelate and cardinal of the Catholic Church who has served as chancellor of the Pontifical Academies of Sciences since 2022. He was president of the Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace from 2009 to 2017 and the inaugural prefect of the Dicastery for the Promotion of Integral Human Development from 2017 to 2021. ::* Kofi Atta Annan (8 April 1938 – 18 August 2018) was a Ghanaian diplomat who served as the seventh secretary-general of the United Nations from 1997 to 2006. Annan and the UN were the co-recipients of the 2001 Nobel Peace Prize. He was the founder and chairman of the Kofi Annan Foundation, as well as chairman of The Elders, an international organisation founded by Nelson Mandela. ::* Jane Naana Opoku-Agyemang FGA (née Sam; born 22 November 1951) is a Ghanaian academic and politician who served as Minister for Education from February 2013 to January 2017. She is a full professor of literature. She served as the first female Vice-Chancellor of a state university in Ghana when she took over as Vice-Chancellor of University of Cape Coast. She currently serves as the Chancellor of the Women's University in Africa. --[[User:Caro de Segeda|Caro de Segeda]] ([[User talk:Caro de Segeda|talk]]) 06:33, 13 May 2023 (UTC) :okay.... Doing that right away [[User:Yaw tuba|Yaw tuba]] ([[User talk:Yaw tuba|talk]]) 11:51, 13 May 2023 (UTC) ::'''TRANSLATION''' ::* Peter Kodwo Appiah Turkson yɛ Ghana prelate na cardinal wɔ Katolek Asɔre no mu a wasom dɛ chancellor wɔ Pontifical Nyansahu Skuul Ahorow (Pontifical Academies of Sciences) efir afe 2022. Nna ɔyɛ Pontifical Bagua a Ɔhwɛ Atsɛntrenye ne Asomdwoe do (Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace) no eguamtsenanyi fir afe 2009 kesi afe 2017 na nna ɔyɛ prifɛt (prefect) a odzi kan ma Dicastery Nnyimpa Nkɔdo a Ɔdzi Mu no Nkɔdo (Promotion of Integral Human Development) fir afe 2017 kesi afe 2021. ::* Nna Kofi Atta Annan (8 [[:fat:Esusow_Aketseaba|Esusow Aketseaba]] 1938 – 18 [[:fat:Fankwa|Fankwa]] 2018) yɛ Ghana ɔmanpanyin a ɔyɛɛ Amanaman Nkabom no kyerɛwfo panyin a ɔtɔ do ason (7) fir afe 1997 kesi afe 2006. Nna Annan na UN na wɔboom nyaa Nobel Asomdwoe Abasobɔdze wɔ afe 2001 mu. Ɔno na ɔhyehyɛɛ Kofi Annan Foundation na nna ɔyɛ eguamtsenanyi, The Elders, amanaman ntam ahyehyɛdze bi a Nelson Mandela hyehyɛe no eguamtsenanyi. ::* Jane Naana Opoku-Agyemang FGA (née Sam; wɔwoo no 22 [[:fat:Sanda|Sanda]] 1951) yɛ Ghananyi nwomasua ɔbenfo (academic) na amanyɛnyi a nna ɔyɛ Ɔsoafo a ɔhwɛ nwomasua (Minister for Education) do fir [[:fat:Ebɔw|Ebɔw]] 2013 kesi [[:fat:Sanda|Sanda]] 2017. Ɔyɛ ɔbenfo a ɔyɛ nwoma (literature) ho ɔbenfo a ɔyɛ pɛ. Nna ɔyɛ ɔbea Vice-Chancellor a odzi kan wɔ ɔman Esuapɔn bi mu wɔ Ghana ber a ogyee edwuma dɛ Vice-Chancellor wɔ Cape Coast Esuapɔn (University of Cape Coast) mu no. Mprempren ɔsom dɛ Mbasiafo Esuapɔn a ɔwɔ Afrika no Chancellor. ::[[User:Yaw tuba|Yaw tuba]] ([[User talk:Yaw tuba|talk]]) 13:17, 13 May 2023 (UTC) :::Thank you. == Translation == Hi. Could you please translate, this? Lingua Franca Nova (“Elefen”) is a language designed to be particularly simple, consistent, and easy to learn for international communications. It has a number of positive qualities: * 1. It has a limited number of phonemes. It sounds similar to Italian or Spanish. * 2. It is phonetically spelled. No child should have to spend years learning irregularities. * 3. It has a completely regular grammar, similar to the world’s creoles. * 4. It has a limited and completely regular set of productive affixes for routine word derivation. * 5. It has well-defined rules for word order, in keeping with many major languages. * 6. Its vocabulary is strongly rooted in modern Romance languages. These languages are themselves widespread and influential, plus they have contributed the major part of English vocabulary * 7. It is designed to be naturally accepting of Latin and Greek technical neologisms, the de facto “world standard”. * 8. It is designed to seem relatively “natural” to those who are familiar with Romance languages, without being any more difficult for others to learn. * We hope you like Elefen! --[[User:Caro de Segeda|Caro de Segeda]] ([[User talk:Caro de Segeda|talk]]) 17:18, 17 May 2023 (UTC) :okay... Doing that as soon as possible.... Sorry for the delay [[User:Yaw tuba|Yaw tuba]] ([[User talk:Yaw tuba|talk]]) 19:27, 27 May 2023 (UTC) :'''TRANSLATION''' :* 1. Ɛwɔ ɛnne nnyigyei dodow bi a anohyeto wom. Ɔtse dɛ Italia anaa Spania kasa. :* 2. Wɔkyerɛw no wɔ ɛnne nnyigyei mu. Ɔnsɛ dɛ abofra biara dze mfe pii sua ndzɛmba a ɔnkɔ do daa. :* 3. Ɔwɔ kasa mbra a wɔdze dzi dwuma daa koraa, a ɔtse dɛ wiadze creolefo (world’s creoles). :* 4. Ɔwɔ nsɛmfua a wɔdze hyɛ mu a ɔsow aba a anohyeto wom na ɔyɛ daa koraa a wɔdze kyerɛw nsɛmfua a wɔdze fi mu daa. :* 5. Ɔwɔ mbra a hɔn akyerɛkyerɛ mu yiye a ɔfa nsɛmfua nhyehyɛe ho, a ɔnye kasa tsitsir pii hyia. :* 6. Nye nsɛmfua a wɔdze dzi dwuma no agye ntsinyi dzendzenndzen wɔ nkyirmba Romance kasa ahorow mu. Saa kasa ahorow yi ankasa atserɛw na ɔwɔ nkɛntsɛndo, na dza ɔka ho no, wɔdze Engiresi kasa mu nsɛmfua fa tsitsir no aboa :* 7. Hɔn ayɛ no sɛnea ɔbɛyɛ a wobegye Latin na Hela mfiridwuma ho nsɛm fofor (neologisms), de facto “wiadze gyinapɛn” atom fi awosu mu. :* 8. Hɔn ayɛ no sɛnea ɔbɛyɛ a ɔbɛyɛ tse dɛ dza ɔyɛ “abɔdze mu” kakra ama hɔn a wonyim Romance kasa ahorow no, a ɔnyɛ dzen mma afofor dɛ wobesua. :Yɛwɔ enyidado dɛ w’anyi begye Elefen ho! [[User:Yaw tuba|Yaw tuba]] ([[User talk:Yaw tuba|talk]]) 20:13, 27 May 2023 (UTC) ::What is the name of the language you have translated to in English? [[User:Caro de Segeda|Caro de Segeda]] ([[User talk:Caro de Segeda|talk]]) 21:53, 29 May 2023 (UTC) :::Mfantse or Fanti [[User:Yaw tuba|Yaw tuba]] ([[User talk:Yaw tuba|talk]]) 01:52, 30 May 2023 (UTC) thanks, could you please translate the first sentence that was there? It was this one: :Lingua Franca Nova (“Elefen”) is a language designed to be particularly simple, consistent, and easy to learn for international communications. It has a number of positive qualities: --[[User:Caro de Segeda|Caro de Segeda]] ([[User talk:Caro de Segeda|talk]]) 07:22, 2 June 2023 (UTC) :* Lingua Franca Nova (“Elefen”) yɛ kasa a hɔn ayɛ dɛ ɔnyɛ dzen tsitsir, ɔnyɛ dza ɔkɔ do daa, na ɔnyɛ dzen dɛ wobesua ama amanaman ntsam nkitsahodzi. Ɔwɔ su pa ahorow bi :[[User:Yaw tuba|Yaw tuba]] ([[User talk:Yaw tuba|talk]]) 09:23, 2 June 2023 (UTC) ::Thanks, I [https://fat.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_franca_nova have created the article] now. [[User:Caro de Segeda|Caro de Segeda]] ([[User talk:Caro de Segeda|talk]]) 09:31, 2 June 2023 (UTC) :::Hi, could you please translate this to Fante? :::* The basics :::* Word order :::* subject – verb – object: :::* “the woman loves the house” :::* particles – noun – adjectives: :::* “the big house” :::* auxiliaries – verb – adverbs: :::* “I must walk carefully” :::* preposition – noun: :::* “he is in the garden” :::Thanks [[User:Caro de Segeda|Caro de Segeda]] ([[User talk:Caro de Segeda|talk]]) 09:54, 22 June 2023 (UTC) == Thanks == Thank you for adding interwiki links to kr.wp,,an please can you teach me how to add [[User:MohammedBama123|MohammedBama123]] ([[User talk:MohammedBama123|talk]]) 14:39, 20 July 2023 (UTC) :you just search name or title of article on wikidata then you copy only the item number eg. '''Q3678973''' :Then you click on '''add languages''' then you paste the item number then u publish... Thanks [[User:Yaw tuba|Yaw tuba]] ([[User talk:Yaw tuba|talk]]) 22:46, 20 July 2023 (UTC) == [[Wp/lar]] == Now I have a question on this test project you started recently, although it's a [[iso639-3:lar|living language as SIL said]], this looks like somewhat a matter holding the growth of this project due to [https://www.ethnologue.com/language/lar/ Ethnologue], where it sayd that Larteh is Unwritten [Qaax], this means that this language, even though is still living, is probably only a spoken language without any possible writing materials, nor previously known online publications, so I wonder whether you're starting it seriously or not? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 00:28, 21 May 2024 (UTC) == Should there have a 2nd request for Ga Wikipedia? == Some days ago, somebody added [[Wp/gaa]] to [[Incubator:Featured wikis]], that's a test Wikipedia that you're actively contributing, but now a confusing situation is that it only has a [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Ga|request that rejected 6 years ago]], so I'm just interested that whether your contributors' community want it to be launched? Should it be re-requested as creating [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Ga 2|2nd request]]? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 23:08, 23 February 2025 (UTC) == Invitation to Organise Feminism and Folklore 2026 == <div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;"> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2026 logo.svg|center|550px|frameless]] <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div style="text-align: center;"><em>{{int:please-translate}}</em></div> Dear {{PAGENAME}}, Hope you’re doing well. I’m reaching out with some exciting updates about '''[[m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026]]'''. Thanks to the amazing support from organizers like you, the campaign has grown into one of the biggest and most collaborative initiatives in the entire Wikimedia movement. Your efforts have played a huge part in that, and we’re truly grateful. We’re hoping to make the 2026 edition even larger and even more community-driven. We’d be very happy to have you join again as an organizer. The sign-up process is simple this year: #Create your local event page (you can copy from the [[:m:Feminism_and_Folklore/Sample|sample]]) #Set up your Fountain or [https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/campwiz/ CampWiz] campaign. #Add your campaign link to the 2026 '''[[:m:Feminism_and_Folklore_2026/Project_Page|registration list]]''' The focus of the campaign remains the same - creating or expanding Wikipedia content on feminism, women’s issues, gender topics, and diverse folk traditions from around the world. International and local prizes will continue as before. '''Special Prize for 2026:''' Every participant will receive a Wikipedia 25 digital postcard as a token of appreciation for contributing to the global movement during Wikipedia’s 25th anniversary year. This will be sent to all contributors who take part in the campaign. We’re also adding an optional one-time internet and childcare support for organizers who may need extra assistance to carry out their local campaign. This is entirely optional and meant to help those who might otherwise face challenges in organizing. More details will be shared soon. If you’re unable to organize this year, no worries at all - please feel free to share the invitation with others in your community who might be interested. If you have any questions or would like to discuss plans, you can reach us on the [[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2026|talk page]] or by email. Looking forward to collaborating again, '''Wiki Loves Folklore International Team''' --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 18:18, 12 December 2025 (UTC) </div></div> <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/fnf25&oldid=29792058 --> == Final Reminder: Submission of Local Winners for Feminism and Folklore 2026 == Dear Feminism and Folklore organiser, This is a friendly reminder that the deadline for submitting the names and details of your local winners for '''Feminism and Folklore 2026''' is '''5 June 2026'''. Please ensure that your community's [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Results|winner information]] is submitted before this date. Communities that do not provide their winner data by the deadline will unfortunately not be eligible for prize distribution, and the international organizing team will not be able to accommodate late submissions received after 5 June 2026. Thank you for your prompt attention to this matter and for your participation in the campaign. Best regards, '''Feminism and Folklore International Organizing Team''' --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 02:09, 3 June 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/wlf2026&oldid=30627457 --> == Thank you for organising Feminism and Folklore 2026 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2026 logo.svg|right|350px]] Dear {{PAGENAME}}, Your dedication, coordination, and hard work played a vital role in making this year's [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore]] campaign successful. We truly appreciate the time and effort you invested in engaging your community and supporting participants. As we have completed the jury phase and begin planning for next year's campaign, we would like to learn from your experiences. Please complete the organisers' feedback form and share your insights, challenges, and suggestions on how we can improve the campaign. '''This feedback form is mandatory for all organisers''', as it helps us evaluate the campaign and make meaningful improvements for future editions. '''Form link [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSf6IsGAsxkTEWTwueyLg-gBjRVlY3g2kTNj3xRhDiILiQnQwQ/viewform?usp=dialog here]''' Please submit your response by '''25 June 2026'''. Thank you once again for your invaluable contributions and for helping make Feminism and Folklore a global success. We look forward to working with you again in the future! Regards, '''Feminism and Folklore Team''' --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 12:05, 18 June 2026 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/wlf2026&oldid=30704175 --> == Share your Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 journey! == Dear Organizer, On behalf of the Wiki Loves Ramadan International Team, I want to send a massive thank you for your leadership and hard work during the 2026 campaign. Organizing local events, coordinating juries, and tracking metrics takes a lot of effort, and your dedication has been vital to bridging the knowledge gap regarding Islamic heritage and traditions. As we wrap up this year's campaign, we would love to hear how things went in your community. We have put together the Organizer Feedback Form to capture your successes, challenges, and metrics. * '''Link to form''': https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfDsuYSv2S4RCQuwAO9MlykJwgPIy-l9ENTr7I_GxpfVuo2TA/viewform * '''Deadline''': 31 July 2026 Thank you again for championing this campaign. We couldn't do this without you. Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:12, 29 June 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:ZI_Jony/MassMessage/WLR/List/2026/Organizers&oldid=30750499 --> == Thank you for joining Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026! == Dear Participant, Thank you so much for participating in the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 campaign! Whether you were writing articles or uploading photos to Wikimedia Commons, your contributions have helped share beautiful traditions, Islamic history, and cultural heritage with the rest of the world. We want to make sure next year's campaign is even better, and we need your help to do it! We would love it if you could take 3–5 minutes to fill out our quick '''Participant Feedback Form'''. * '''Link to form''': https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScw_bPHsVzpby50jc2_syJD5-mS9scnRL5BLv9UXH2tK3Mr8w/viewform Thank you again for sharing your knowledge and creativity with the Wikimedia movement. Keep an eye on your talk page and our social media for the final winner announcements soon! Happy editing, Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:13, 29 June 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:ZI_Jony/MassMessage/WLR/List/2026/Participants&oldid=30750498 --> == Gentle Reminder: Kindly submit your Organizer Feedback for Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 == Dear Organizer, Hope you are doing well and keeping safe. We are reaching out to express our heartfelt gratitude for your relentless efforts and dedication in organizing Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 in your local community. Organizing campaigns takes a lot of hard work, and your leadership has truly made a wonderful impact in bridging the knowledge gap regarding Islamic history and culture. As we are wrapping up this year’s activities, we kindly remind you to share your local campaign report and experience with us. If you haven't done so already, please take a few minutes to fill out the Organizer Feedback Form. * '''Link to form''': https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfDsuYSv2S4RCQuwAO9MlykJwgPIy-l9ENTr7I_GxpfVuo2TA/viewform * '''Deadline''': 31 July 2026 Your feedback is incredibly valuable to us. It will not only help us prepare our global impact report but also guide us in securing better resources and funding for organizers like you in the upcoming years. (You will also find a small section inside the form to provide your local language translations for the 2027 campaign banners!). Thank you so much for being a pillar of this campaign. Together, we can make the 2027 edition even more successful! Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:47, 19 July 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:ZI_Jony/MassMessage/WLR/List/2026/Organizers&oldid=30750499 --> 71xyl9sd3s3znwviizqei8axpg5chs0 0 3379028 7256441 6832023 2026-07-20T10:40:57Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256441 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Muhammad Ali Jinnah with sister Fatima Jinnah (cropped).JPG|thumb|Fatima Jinna]] '''Fatima Jinnah''' (An haife ta 31 ga watan Yuli, shekara ta 1893, Ta rasu 9 ga watan Yuli, shekara ta 1967)likitar likitan hakori ce 'yar Pakistan, marubuciyar tarihin rayuwa, 'yar jiha kuma ɗaya daga cikin manyan wadanda suka kafa ƙasar Pakistan. Ita ce kanwar Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah, wanda ya kafa Pakistan. Bayan samun 'yancin kai na kasar Pakistan, Jinnah ta kafa kungiyar mata ta Pakistan (APWA) wacce ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tsugunar da mata , yan ci-rani a sabuwar kasar da aka kafa. Ta kasance mafi kusanci ga dan uwanta har mutuwarsa. Ana kiranta da Māder-e Millat ("Uwar Al'umma") da Khātūn-e Pākistān (Urdu: - "Lady of Pakistan"), yawancin cibiyoyi da wuraren jama'a an ba su suna don girmama ta. ==Zantuka== *Kar ku manta da sabbin take-take da shuwagabannin da suke da shakku a baya. Kada ku ɓata lokacinku da kuzarinku wajen ƙarfafawa ko shiga cikin ƙungiyoyin naman kaza. [[File:Muhammad Ali Jinnah and Fatima Jinnah Sculpture.jpg|thumb|Fatima Jinna]] 23 ga watan Maris, shekara ta 1948, Adireshin zuwa ga kungiyar Zenana Muslim League, a Curzon Hall of Dhaka, wanda aka nakalto a cikin Jawabai, Saƙonni da Kalamai na Mohtarama Fatima Jinnah, shafi na. 1. [[Category:Wq/ha]] lfj6u9e45umqvs0ilhyp3i56ybdjpz6 0 3379029 7256392 6741883 2026-07-20T09:55:54Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256392 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Farida Mzamber Waziri''', (An haife ta a ranar 7 ga watan Yuli, shekara ta 1949) yar ƙasar Najeriya ce technocrat, jami’ar tilasta bin doka kuma tsohuwar shugabar hukumar yaki da masu yi wa tattalin arzikin kasa zagon kasa ta EFCC. Ta gaji Nuhu Ribadu a wannan matsayi. ==Zantuka== ==A shekarar 2016== *“Nakan zauna a wasu lokuta ina mamakin abin da gurbatattun ‘yan Najeriya ke tunani. Wani ya sami babban matsayi kuma yana tunanin yana buƙatar babban gida a ƙasar Amurka sannan ya tashi zuwa jirgin sama don siyan babban gida. Yana dawowa sannan yaso gida a turai. Ya fita UK ya siyo sannan ya yi tunanin UAE, ya fita Dubai ya siyo daya bai gamsu ba. Daga nan sai ya tashi zuwa Afirka ta Kudu don siyan daya. Na je Pretoria aka kai ni wani titi da De Boers, farar fata manoma da suka bar Afirka ta Kudu suka baje, aka nuna min gidaje na ‘yan Najeriya. Sun yi kama da babban coci a gare ni. Sun yi kama da gidajen da ba a taba gani ba kuma lokacin da wadannan ’yan Najeriya suka yi tafiya zuwa Afirka ta Kudu, ba za su iya zama a can ba don haka suna kwana a otal. To, menene manufar? Me ke cikin zukatansu? Kuma shi ya sa na ce kafin gwamnati ta dauki kowa aiki a mukamai, a duba lafiyarsa. Suna buƙatar gwajin tabin hankali.” *Kira ga Gwamnatin Tarayya da ta tabbatar da cewa duk ‘yan siyasa sun gudanar da gwajin tabin hankali kafin su mallaki kowane ofishi. “Gwamnati ita kadai ba zata iya yaki da cin hanci da rashawa ba, don haka ya kamata duk jama’a ba tare da la’akari da matsayinsu ba su kara kaimi a kokarin da gwamnatin tarayya karkashin jagorancin shugaban kasa Muhammadu Buhari ke yi a halin yanzu na magance matsalolin da ke addabar kasar.” *Kira ga ‘yan Najeriya da su hada kai da gwamnatin tarayya a ci gaba da aikin yaki da cin hanci da rashawa a kasar. "Cin hanci da rashawa wani babban bala'i ne wanda ya ci mutuncin al'umma kuma ya kamata al'ummar kasar nan su goyi bayan shugaban kasa Muhammadu Buhari da ya jagoranci gwamnatin tarayya don magance matsalar gaba daya." Da yake tabbatar da cewa cin hanci da rashawa ya ci wa al’ummar Najeriya tuwo a kwarya. ==Shekarar 2017== *“Idan na ga Shugaba Jonathan a yau, zan durkusa na gode masa bisa karamcin da aka yi min na tsige ni a matsayin Shugaban Hukumar EFCC a lokacin da ya yi.” Bayan korar ta a matsayin Shugaban Hukumar EFCC. [[Category:Wq/ha]] dsqdhuromzaqp1cakd2mq5emrkw0tvi 0 3379030 7256384 6800259 2026-07-20T09:52:55Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256384 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Farida Kabir.jpg|thumb|Farida Kabir]] '''Farida Mohammad Kabir''' ((anhaifi shi ranar 25 ga watan Yuli, shekara ta 1992 ƙwararriyar masaniyar annoba ce ta ƙasar Najeriya, mai haɓbaka software, kuma ƴar kasuwa ta fasaha. Ita ce jagorar ƙungiyar Google Women TechMakers kuma mai haɗin gwiwa da Google Developer Group, Abuja. Ita ce kuma ta kafa OTRAC, kamfanin fasaha na kiwon lafiya wanda ke haɓaka tsarin software na masana'antar kiwon lafiya a Najeriya. ==Zantuka== *Kafin ku sani, muna da rundunar mata masu ƙarfi da ƙarfe waɗanda za su iya tsayawa takara a ko'ina cikin duniya. Farida akan Mata a cikin STEM a shekarar 2019. Bayanai suna can amma al'ummomin yankin ba su da damar yin amfani da su, kuma za su dogara ga madadin na gaba. Farida akan Horon Ebola a shekara ta 2018. *A tsawon shekaru, mutane sun sami shawarwarin da ba su dace ba daga wasu likitoci, musamman a matakin kananan hukumomi kuma ba shakka sakamakon ya yi illa ga lafiyar su. Farida a wata hira a shekara ta dubu biyu da goma sha bokwai 2017. *Na haɗa shi a cikin shekara ta 2016, kuma ya girma fiye da mafarkina. [[File:Farida Kabir..jpg|thumb|Farida Kabir]] Farida a matsayin mai haɓaka software a cikin shekara ta 2017. Babban abin da gwamnati ta mayar da hankali kan binciken bincike daga cibiyoyi ba ya ƙarfafa matasa waɗanda ke da sabbin dabaru na zamani waɗanda za su iya taimakawa ci gaban zamantakewa da tattalin arziki cikin sauri. Farida tayi jawabi ga gwamnati akan sabbin matasa a 2017. *Hakanan, taron karawa juna sani da taro suna da tsada kuma ba su da sassauci, don haka don magance wannan matsalar, na tsara O’track don baiwa ma’aikatan lafiya damar zabar kwasa-kwasan kan layi cikin sauƙi. Farida akan samun bayanan lafiya a shekara ta 2017. [[Category:Wq/ha]] c77dn28bkyklzboswi82kz1k3ot5cg0 0 3379032 7256382 6433739 2026-07-20T09:51:40Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256382 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Jewelery museum 38.jpg|thumb|Farida Charity]] Farida Charity ƴar shekara 36 daga Uganda wacce a halin yanzu shugabar al'umma ce kuma mai neman zaman lafiya. Ta kasance wani ɓangare na tattaunawar zaman lafiya da ƙungiyar ceto ta Uganda wadda ta kai ga cimma yarjejeniyar tsagaita wuta a shekara ta 2002. ==Zantuka== *Abubuwan da mata ke buƙata suna da sauƙi amma manyan batutuwa ne musamman a yankunan karkara. Mata suna buƙatar zaman lafiya da samun damar ayyukan kiwon lafiya. *Abu mafi mahimmanci shi ne samun zaman lafiya da kallon kanmu a matsayin mutane ba tare da la'akari da jinsi, siyasa, addini da kabila ba. [1] 19 ga watan Maris, shekara ta 2021 ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Mata da aka dawo dasu 15 ga watan Nuwamba, shekara ta 2022. [[Category:Wq/ha]] k3eqt1hndaur4ox0ivd34vk4m73c7ut 0 3381971 7256449 6432820 2026-07-20T10:44:41Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256449 wikitext text/x-wiki Fatima Jinnah (an haife ta 31 ga watan Yuli, shekara ta 1893 ta rasu 9 ga watan Yuli na shekara ta 1967) likitar likitan hakori ce 'yar Pakistan, marubuciyar tarihin rayuwa, 'yar jiha kuma daya daga cikin manyan wadanda suka kafa Pakistan. Ita ce kanwar Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah, wanda ya kafa Pakistan. Bayan samun 'yancin kai na Pakistan, Jinnah ta kafa ƙungiyar mata ta Pakistan (APWA) wacce ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tsugunar da mata 'yan ci-rani a sabuwar kasar da aka kafa. Ta kasance mafi kusanci ga dan uwanta har mutuwarsa. Ana kiranta da Māder-e Millat ("Uwar Al'umma") da Khātūn-e Pākistān (Urdu: - "Lady of Pakistan"), yawancin cibiyoyi da wuraren jama'a an ba su suna don girmama ta... [[Category:Wq/ha]] agui27y93nh90nxvd0rgf4jjqbh1sg1 0 3381979 7256349 6739763 2026-07-20T09:39:02Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256349 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Faiz, London 1983.jpg|thumb|Faiz Ahmad Faiz]] Faiz Ahmad Faiz, (An haife shi a ranar 13 ga watan Fabrairu, shekara ta 1911 ya rasu 20 ga watan Nuwamba, shekara ta 1984) ɗan Marxist Urdu ne, mawaƙi, kuma marubuci. Ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun marubutan harshen Urdu, wanda ake girmama su a ƙasar Pakistan da ƙasar Indiya.. == Zantuka == [[File:Faiz Ahmed Faiz (cropped).jpg|thumb|Faiz Ahmad Faiz]] Hazakar ɗan Adam, kimiyya da masana'antu sun ba da damar samar wa kowane ɗayanmu duk abin da muke buƙata don jin daɗi muddin ba a ayyana waɗannan taskoki na yanayi da samarwa marasa iyaka a matsayin mallakar ƴan ƙalilan ne kawai amma ana amfani da su don amfanin dukkan bil'adama… Duk da haka, wannan yana yiwuwa ne kawai idan harsashin al'ummar dan Adam ya kasance ba bisa ga kwadayi, cin zarafi da mallaka ba, amma bisa adalci, daidaito, ƴanci da kuma jin daɗin kowa da kowa ... Na yi imani cewa dan Adam wanda abokan gaba ba su taba cin nasara ba, zai iya, bayan haka. , yi nasara; a karshe, maimakon yaƙe-yaƙe, ƙiyayya da rashin tausayi, ginshiƙin ɗan adam zai dogara ne akan saƙon babban mawaƙin Farisa Hafez Shiraz: ‘Kowane tushe da kuka gani kuskure ne, sai na So, wanda ba shi da aibi. Jawabin da aka yi a bikin lambar yabo ta zaman lafiya ta Lenin,a shekarar 1962, wanda Zafar Ullah Poshni ya nakalto a cikin ""My Jail Mate." [[Category:Wq/ha]] p5cku256te0fl6g5pgdhoth5vx58ilb 0 3382314 7256442 6832002 2026-07-20T10:41:24Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256442 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fatima Jinnah''' (An haife ta 31 ga watan Yuli, shekara ta 1893, Ta rasu 9 ga watan Yulin shekarar 1967) likitar hakori ce 'yar Pakistan, marubuciyar tarihin rayuwa, 'yar jiha, kuma ɗaya daga cikin manyan wadanda suka kafa kasar Pakistan. Ita ce kanwar light Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah, wanda ya kafa Pakistan. Bayan samun 'yancin kai na Pakistan, Fatima Jinnah ta kafa kungiyar mata ta Pakistan (APWA) wacce ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tsugunar da mata 'yan ci-rani a sabuwar ƙasar da aka kafa. Ta kasance mafi kusanci ga dan uwanta har mutuwarsa. Ana kiranta da Māder-e Millat ("Uwar Al'umma") da Khātūn-e Pākistān (Urdu: - "Lady of Pakistan"), yawancin cibiyoyi da wuraren jama'a an ba su suna don girmama ta. ==Zantuka..== * Kar ku manta da sabbin take-take da shugabannin da suka yi shakku a baya. Kada ku ɓata lokacinku da kuzarinku wajen ƙarfafawa ko shiga cikin ƙungiyoyin naman kaza. A Ranar 23 ga watan Maris shekara ta 1948, Adireshin zuwa ga kungiyar Zenana Muslim League, a Curzon Hall of Dhaka, wanda aka nakalto a cikin Jawabai, Saƙonni da Kalamai na Mohtarama Fatima Jinnah, shafi na 1. * Dole ne a inganta kyawawan halaye da mutunci kuma a shafe duk wani buri na mutum don amfanin al'umma, a shekarar 1948, Jawabin Duk Taron Matasan Musulmai na Pakistan a Karachi, wanda aka nakalto a cikin Jawabai, Saƙonni da Bayanan Mohtarama Fatima Jinnah, shafi na 5. * Mace ta mamaye wuri mai matuƙar mahimmanci a duniya. Bisa la'akari da iyawarta, yanayin ya sanya mata ayyuka masu yawa. Idan kun gaza a cikinsu, ba kawai za ku cutar da kanku ba amma kuma za ku cutar da rayuwar ku ta gama gari. Afrilun shekarar 1949, Jawabin Taron Anjuman Tahaffuz Haquq-e-Nisvan, Lahore, wanda aka nakalto a cikin Jawabai, Saƙonni da Bayanan Mohtarama Fatima Jinnah, shafi na 10 * Babban nasarori na buƙatar ƙoƙarce-ƙoƙarce mai girma, wanda ba tare da wanda ci gabanmu zai yi jinkiri ba. 14 ga wata Agusta, shekara ta 1950, Saƙo zuwa ga al'ummar Pakistan, wanda aka nakalto a cikin Jawabai, Saƙonni da Kalamai na Mohtarama Fatima Jinnah, shafi na 21. * Kundin tsarin mulki na daya daga cikin muhimman abubuwan da makomarmu da ci gabanmu suka dogara a kai. 24 ga watan Yunin shekarar 1952, Sakon Eid ul Fitr, wanda aka nakalto a cikin Jawabai, Sako da Bayanin Mohtarama Fatima Jinnah, shafi na 46. [[Category:Wq/ha]] q0hj90a8l926t8zdrgzsu0wgf7rnci6 0 3383619 7256341 6739762 2026-07-20T09:35:48Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256341 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fairies''' halittu ne na tatsuniyoyi ko na almara, wani nau'i na ruhu, wanda galibi ana bayyana shi azaman metaphysical, allahntaka ko preternatural. Aljanu sun yi kama da halittu iri-iri na sauran tatsuniyoyi, kodayake ko tatsuniyar da ke amfani da kalmar aljana tana ba da ma'anoni da yawa. Wani lokaci kalmar tana kwatanta duk wata halitta mai sihiri, gami da goblins ko gnomes: a wasu lokuta, kalmar kawai tana bayyana takamaiman nau'in halitta mara kyau. A cikin amfani na zamani, yawanci ana kwatanta faries a matsayin ƙananan halittu masu kama da fukafukai da ikon yin sihiri... ==Zantuka== * Shin bai isa ba ganin lambun yana da kyau ba tare da an yarda cewa akwai aljana a ƙasan sa ba? ** Douglas Adams, Jagoran Hitchhiker zuwa Galaxy (a shekarar 1979), Babi na 16. [[Category:Wq/ha]] mu4mg0um3luy397a6rgyprv6hlknoe1 0 3384085 7256476 6421465 2026-07-20T10:53:59Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256476 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fatuma Ibrahim Ali''' (Somali: Fadumo Cibraahiim Cali) yar siyasan Kenya ce. Ta kasance kwamishina a hukumar kare Haƙƙin dan adam ta Kenya. Ali ya kasance memba a zama na 11 na majalisar dokokin Kenya mai wakiltar gundumar Wajeer. An zaɓe ta a matsayin a cikin Maris, shekara ta 2013 akan tikitin Orange Democratic Movement. A halin yanzu ita mamba ce a Majalisar ta 4 (daga shekara ta 2017 zuwa shekarar 2022), na Majalisar Dokokin Gabashin Afirka da ke wakiltar Kenya. Ita 'yar Ƙabilar Somaliya ce. ==Zantuka== * A yau na yi bikin 'yar'uwata, mai ba ni shawara da aboki. Hon Fatuma Ibrahim Ali. ... Haƙiƙa Hon Fatuma Ibrahim ta jajirce wajen ganin an karfafa mata da 'yan mata. * [abubuwan da ake bukata] Dole ne mu tsaya tsayin daka wajen yaƙar masu tsatsauran ra'ayi, kada su bari su raba kanmu. [abubuwan da ake bukata] [[Category:Wq/ha]] jld7pxnvjap1fz4iywae8ucchutqbug 0 3384604 7256447 6843652 2026-07-20T10:43:40Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256447 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fatimah bint Muhammad az-Zahrā''' (605 ko 615 - 632 AD) (Larabci: فاطمة الزهراء بنت محمد ) diyar Muhammad da Khadijah ce. Daga cikin lakabin ta sun hada da: "az-Zahrā" (ma'ana, "Mai Haskakawa") Umm-ul-Abīhā" (ma'ana, "Mahaifiyar Ubanta"), da "Sayyidat-un-Nisā il-'Ālamīn" (ma'ana "Shugaban Matan Duniya"). ==Zantuttuka== Farko makwabcin ku, kuma can bayan gidan ku. Jawabai masu ban sha'awa na Ma'asumai 14. Allah ya bukace mu (Ahlul Baiti) da a yi mana biyayya domin kare al’ummah (al’ummah) da Imamai (shugabanci); kuma shugabancin mu ya wajaba ya kare shi daga rarrabuwar kawuna. Majlisi, Biharul Anwar, juzu'i na 29, shafi. 233. Kuma (Allah ya sanya) biyayya da biyayyar mu (iyalan Manzon Allah (saw) don tsaron tsarin al'umma, da kuma imamanmu a matsayin kariya daga rarrabuwa da rarrabuwa. Ayan al-Shi’ah, juzu’i na 1, shafi. 316. Ya ku musulmi! An kwace gadona? Ya kai dan Abu Quhafa (Abubakar) shin a littafin Allah ka gaji babanka ni ban gaji mahaifina ba? Lallai ka yi wani bakon abu! Shin kun yi niyyar barin littafin Allah ne kuma kuka juya masa baya? Allah ya ce: “Kuma Sulaiman ya kasance magajin Dawuda. (27:16); Kuma ya ce game da Yahaya ɗan Zakariya: "Ka ba ni magada daga wurinka, wanda zai gāji ni, ya gāji daga 'ya'yan Yakubu." (19:5-6) kuma ya ce: "Kuma ma'abuta zumunta su ne mafi kusanta ga juna a cikin hukuncin Allah." [8:75] Ya ce: “Allah Yana umurtar ku a cikin ‘ya’yanku. (4:11), kuma Ya ce: "An wajabta wasiyya a kanku idan mutuwa ta je wa ɗayanku, idan ya bar dukiya ga mahaifa da mafi kusantar dangi." (2:180). Kun ce ba ni da matsayi, kuma ba gado daga mahaifina, kuma babu dangi a tsakaninmu. To shin Allah ya banbance ku da wata ayar da ya kebance babana a cikinta? Ko kun ce: Ma’abota addini biyu ba sa gadon juna? Ni da mahaifina ba addini daya ba ne? Ko kun fi ubana da dan uwana sanin Alkur'ani? Don haka, ga shi a gaban ku! Dauke shi da bandejin hanci da sirdi! Za ta yi jayayya da ku a Rãnar Sakamako. mene ne alkali mai adalci Allah, majibincin (gadon) shi ne Muhammadu, kuma wa'adi ranar tashin kiyama ce. َ008-023 Ã'a, a rãnar ¡iyãma, azzãlumai sun yi hasãra, kuma bã ya wadãtar da ku ga nadama. Kuma ga kõwane lãbãri akwai ajali ambatacce, kuma zã ku san wanda azãba zã ta ɓatar da shi, kuma da wanda azãba madawwami take. Majlisi, Biharul Anwar, juzu'i na 29, shafi. 216; al-Tabarsi, al-Ihtijjaj, juzu'i na 1, shafi. 132-141. Allah ne ya dauke ni aiki domin in samu lada, wanda idan sararin da ke tsakanin kasa da sama ya cika da lu'ulu'u, har yanzu (ladan) ya fi shi, ga kowace tambaya zan iya amsa muku. Don haka, na cancanci kada in gaji ko gajiyawa (a cikin amsa tambayoyinku). Majlisi, Biharul Anwar, juzu'i na 2, shafi. 3. [[Category:Wq/ha]] s8ivhh36j6rf72ft4mqq1s8hwzgs8tv 0 3385141 7256440 6832027 2026-07-20T10:40:31Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256440 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fatima Ibrahim Ali''' ƴar siyasar ce yar ƙasar Kenya ce. Ta kasance kwamishina a hukumar kare Haƙƙin Ɗan adam ta kasar Kenya. Fatima Ali ta kasance memba a zama na 11 na majalisar dokokin Kenya mai wakiltar gundumar Wajeer. An zaɓe ta a matsayin a cikin Maris, shekara ta 2013 akan tikitin Orange Democratic Movement. A halin yanzu ita memba ce ta Majalisar 4th (shekara ta 2017 zuwa shekarar 2022), na Gabas. Majalisar Dokokin Afirka mai wakiltar Kenya. Ita 'yar kabilar Somaliya ce. ==Zantuka== A yau na yi bikin 'yar'uwata, mai ba ni shawara da aboki. Hon Fatuma Ibrahim Ali. ...Hakika Hon Fatima Ibrahim ta jajirce wajen ganin an ƙarfafa mata da 'yan mata. [abubuwan da ake bukata]. • Dole ne mu tsaya tsayin daka wajen yaƙar masu tsatsauran ra'ayi, kar su bari su raba kan mu. [abubuwan da ake buƙata]. [[Category:Wq/ha]] 2op5flmnyhnh86zxdkuyour86oeleh7 0 3385270 7256489 7234139 2026-07-20T10:58:30Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256489 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Fay Wray Stars of the Photoplay.jpg|thumb|Fay wray]] Vina Fay Wray (ranar sha biyar 15 ga wata satumba , shekara ta 1907 zuwa Agusta takwos 8 ga wata, shekara ta dubu biyu da hudu 2004) yar wasan Kanada/Ba'amurkiya ce, wacce aka fi sani da buga jagorar mata a fim ɗin a shekarar 1933 King Kong a matsayin Ann Darrow. Ta hanyar yin wasan kwaikwayo wanda ya kwashe shekaru 57, Wray ya samu shaharar duniya a matsayin ƴar wasan kwaikwayo a cikin ayyukan fina-finai masu ban tsoro. Ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin "sarauniyarkururuwa" na farko. ==Zantuka== * [[File:Fay Wray 1.jpg|thumb|Fay wray]]King Kong yana da wahala kawai saboda sa'o'in da muke sakawa. A lokacin, babu kariya ga 'yan wasan kwaikwayo game da lokaci ko wani abu. Mun yi aiki kai tsaye cikin sa'o'i 22 sau ɗaya a Kong. Haƙiƙa ƙwarewa ce mai gajiyawa, domin injiniyoyi ne, da gaske, gwargwadon abin da muke hulɗa da su. Ƙwarewar fasaha ta kasance bayyananne ga bayyanawa daga baya, sannan kuma sake ɗaukar ni a gaba a kan wannan matakin tare da wannan allon-don haka ba zan iya ganin ainihin abin da ke faruwa ba! Dole ne a yi shi da yawa, sau da yawa don tabbatar da cewa ba shi da kyau. Don haka mun yi aiki na awanni 22! Daren Rick McKay akan Gari tare da Fay Wray! (a shekarar 1998) [[Category:Wq/ha]] a8cc40bgqaw9vrulagyviho7on5bn0m 7256491 7256489 2026-07-20T10:58:55Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256491 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Fay Wray Stars of the Photoplay.jpg|thumb|Fay wray]] Vina Fay Wray (ranar sha biyar 15 ga wata satumba , shekara ta 1907 zuwa Agusta takwos 8 ga wata, shekara ta dubu biyu da hudu 2004) yar wasan Kanada/Ba'amurkiya ce, wacce aka fi sani da buga jagorar mata a fim ɗin a shekarar 1933 King Kong a matsayin Ann Darrow. Ta hanyar yin wasan kwaikwayo wanda kuma ya kwashe shekaru 57, Wray ya samu shaharar duniya a matsayin ƴar wasan kwaikwayo a cikin ayyukan fina-finai masu ban tsoro. Ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin "sarauniyarkururuwa" na farko. ==Zantuka== * [[File:Fay Wray 1.jpg|thumb|Fay wray]]King Kong yana da wahala kawai saboda sa'o'in da muke sakawa. A lokacin, babu kariya ga 'yan wasan kwaikwayo game da lokaci ko wani abu. Mun yi aiki kai tsaye cikin sa'o'i 22 sau ɗaya a Kong. Haƙiƙa ƙwarewa ce mai gajiyawa, domin injiniyoyi ne, da gaske, gwargwadon abin da muke hulɗa da su. Ƙwarewar fasaha ta kasance bayyananne ga bayyanawa daga baya, sannan kuma sake ɗaukar ni a gaba a kan wannan matakin tare da wannan allon-don haka ba zan iya ganin ainihin abin da ke faruwa ba! Dole ne a yi shi da yawa, sau da yawa don tabbatar da cewa ba shi da kyau. Don haka mun yi aiki na awanni 22! Daren Rick McKay akan Gari tare da Fay Wray! (a shekarar 1998) [[Category:Wq/ha]] 1z5xf86t6esa42dl2rxjzhxfba9t4tq 0 3385442 7256378 6739779 2026-07-20T09:50:30Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256378 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Fardosa ahmed.jpg|thumb|Fardosa ahmed]] [[W:Fardosa Ahmed|Fardosa Ahmed]] (An haife ta a shekarar 1985) likita ce ta ƙasar Kenya, ɗan kasuwa, kuma mai kula da lafiya, wanda ke aiki a matsayin babban jami’in gudanarwa na Asibitin Premier, Mombasa, cibiyar kiwon lafiya mai zaman kanta wadda ta kafa kuma ta mallaka... == Zantuka == *Wasu mutane a Mombasa suna da ra'ayin cewa asibiti mai zaman kansa ana amfani da shi ne kawai ga wasu rukunin mutane. Burinmu shi ne Mombasa ta zama wurin yawon shakatawa na likitanci,to amma muna kuma ƙoƙarin kawar da tunanin cewa asibitinmu na masu kuɗi ne kawai. **Kamar yadda aka nakalto a cikin [https://www.businessdailyafrica.com/bd/corporate/enterprise/doctor-targets-foreign-bound-patients-with-sh1bn-hospital-2254986 Likita ya kai hari ga marasa lafiya na kasashen waje tare da asibitin Sh1bn] ranar Litinin watan Yuni shekarar 2019. *Ina son aikina na likita kuma don majiyyata su sami mafi kyawun kiwon lafiya suna buƙatar mafi kyawun wurin don haka shine abin da nake ƙoƙarin cimma ta ci gaba da duk sabbin hanyoyin kiwon lafiya. **Kamar yadda aka nakalto a cikin [https://www.businessdailyafrica.com/bd/corporate/enterprise/doctor-targets-foreign-bound-patients-with-sh1bn-hospital-2254986 Likita ya kai hari ga marasa lafiya na kasashen waje tare da asibitin Sh1bn] ranar Litinin Yuni 2019. *Na ga abubuwa da yawa a cikin aikina amma abu ɗaya da gaba ɗaya ba zan iya ciki ba shine cin zarafin yara. [[Category:Wq/ha]] 23z93amvx081wcskwu4nckeyyqw4q11 0 3385443 7256380 6739770 2026-07-20T09:51:02Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256380 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Fareed Zakaria World Economic Forum 2013.jpg|thumb|Fareed Zakaria]] Fareed Zakaria (An haife shi a watan Janairu 20 ga wata, shekara ta 1964)Ba'amurke Kuma Ɗan Jarida,masanin kimiyyar siyasa, kuma marubuci.ya ƙware a dangantakar ƙasa da ƙasa. Shi ne mai masaukin CNN na Fareed Zakaria GPS, ya rubuta shafi na mako-mako ga The Washington Post. Ya kasance mawallafin labarai na Newsweek, editan Newsweek International, kuma edita a babban lokaci. ==Zantuka== * [[File:Fareed Zakaria (5548028184).jpg|thumb|Fareed Zakaria]]Yanzu Beijing ita ce ƙasa ta biyu mafi girma wajen bayar da tallafin MDD da dakarun wanzar da zaman lafiya na MDD. Ta kuma tura dakarun wanzar da zaman lafiya 2,500, fiye da sauran mambobin kwamitin sulhu na dindindin a hade. Tsakanin shekara ta 2000 zuwa shekarar 2008 ta goyi bayan kudurori 182 daga cikin 190 na kwamitin sulhun da suka sanya takunkumi kan ƙasa shen da ake ganin sun sabawa ka'idojin ƙasa da ƙasa. An nakalto a cikin Sharar Sharar China, ta Jonathan Power, Counter Punch, (Maris 5 ga wata, shekara ta 2020) * Wani lokaci a cikin shekaru biyu da suka gabata, mulkin ƙasar Amurka ya mutu. Shekarun mulkin Amurka ɗan gajeren lokaci ne, lokaci mai cike da daɗaɗawa, kimanin shekaru talatin masu alama da lokuta biyu, kowane rugujewar iri. An haife ta ne a cikin rugujewar katangar Berlin, a shekarar 1989. Ƙarshen, ko kuma ainihin farkon ƙarshen, wani ruguje ne, na ƙasar Iraqi a shekarar 2003, da kuma raguwar raguwar raguwa tun... Kamar yadda yawancin mace-mace, dalilai da yawa. ya ba da gudummawa ga wannan. Akwai rundunonin gine-gine masu zurfi a cikin tsarin ƙasa da ƙasa waɗanda ba za su iya yin aiki da kowace ƙasa ɗaya da ta sami iko mai yawa ba. A cikin al'amarin na Amurka, duk da haka, an buge mutum da hanyoyin da Washington-daga wani matsayi da ba a taba gani ba - ta yi amfani da mulkinta da kuma yin amfani da ikonta, ta rasa abokantaka da karfafa makiya. Kuma yanzu, a karkashin gwamnatin Trump, da alama Amurka ta rasa sha'awarta, da gaske ta rasa bangaskiya, a cikin ra'ayoyi da manufar da ta motsa kasancewarta a duniya tsawon kashi uku cikin hudu na karni. Rushewar Ƙarfin Amurkan Washington ya ɓata lokacin Unipolar, Harkokin Waje, (Yuli ko Agusta, shekarar 2019). * Sarautar Amurka a zamanin bayan Yaƙin Cold ba kamar wani abu da duniya ta gani ba tun lokacin daular Romawa. Marubuta suna sha'awar farawa daga farkon “ƙarni na Amurka” zuwa shekarar 1945, ba da daɗewa ba bayan mawallafin Henry Luce ya ƙirƙira kalmar. Amma zamanin bayan yakin duniya na biyu ya sha bamban da na bayan shekarar 1989. Ko bayan shekarar 1945, a cikin manyan wurare na duniya, Faransa da Ingila suna da dauloli na yau da kullun don haka tasiri mai zurfi. Ba da da ewa, Tarayyar Soviet ta gabatar da kanta a matsayin babbar abokiyar hamayya, ta yi hamayya da tasirin Washington a kowane kusurwar duniya. Rushewar Ƙarfin Amurkan Washington ya ɓata lokacin Unipolar, Harkokin Waje, (Yuli ko Agusta, shekarar 2019). [[Category:Wq/ha]] soj66gexfr19tv1mj0wwcte6ppoxlwk 3 3391340 7255869 7233788 2026-07-19T20:47:22Z MediaWiki message delivery 633333 /* Gentle Reminder: Kindly submit your Organizer Feedback for Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 */ new section 7255869 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float=right }} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]]. </div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 12:50, 7 March 2023 (UTC) == Probably it's the time to submit a RFL for [[Wp/dga]]? == As I've checked, it's now a [https://meta.toolforge.org/catanalysis/index.php?cat=0&title=wp/dga&wiki=incubatorwiki very active] test project, but doesn't have a corresponding RFL page on Meta, I'm wondering if there are plans to submit such a RFL or not? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 02:30, 1 June 2023 (UTC) == Reminder to vote now to select members of the first U4C == <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote reminder|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote reminder}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Dear Wikimedian, You are receiving this message because you previously participated in the UCoC process. This is a reminder that the voting period for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) ends on May 9, 2024. Read the information on the [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024|voting page on Meta-wiki]] to learn more about voting and voter eligibility. The Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. Community members were invited to submit their applications for the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, please [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well. On behalf of the UCoC project team,<section end="announcement-content" /> [[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 23:11, 2 May 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2024/Previous_voters_list_2&oldid=26721207 --> == Wali namespaces == Hi! could you please take a look at my question about namespaces at [[Talk:Wp/wlx/Nimbije Peeji]] and reply? Thank you! [[User:ToluAyod|ToluAyod]] ([[User talk:ToluAyod|talk]]) 20:39, 24 March 2025 (UTC) :I done please. Find it on [[Talk:Wp/wlx/Nimbije Peeji]] [[User:Zakaria Tunsung|Zakaria Tunsung]] ([[User talk:Zakaria Tunsung|talk]]) 15:43, 25 March 2025 (UTC) == Translation request == Hi, user [https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/User_talk:Uthman_salma#c-Uthman_salma-20250611163900-Uthman_salma-20250611144500 Uthman salma] has told me to request you to please translate this to Wali: * The Ghana Institute of Linguistics, Literacy and Bible Translation (GILLBT) is an organisation involved in literacy, education and development projects in minority language communities in Ghana, as well as Bible translation work. I don't speak the language but I have helped developing several projects creating simple templates, like the ones for people and countries you can see [https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wp/aig/Salvador_Dal%C3%AD here] and [https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wp/aig/Aanteega_an%27_Baabyuuda here]. If you want, I can send you phrases and words to translate to Wali and I can try to create simple templates and help you develop the project. [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 17:11, 11 June 2025 (UTC) :* A Ghana Institute of Linguistics, Literacy and Bible Translation (GILLBT) ɩ yɛ jie aŋ maŋ tʋna gbaŋʋ bambʋ tʋma, karɩmbʋ bɩɩ daahɩbʋ anɩŋ tɩbilii bɩɩ kɔkɔbilii baabʋ yɛla aŋ bɩ a Gaana paalʋʋ puoŋ, a chɛ lɛʋha Baabʋlɩ ɩŋna tɩjaanɩ bɩɩ kɔkɔjaanɩ mɩŋ ɩŋaŋ. :[[User:Zakaria Tunsung|Zakaria Tunsung]] ([[User talk:Zakaria Tunsung|talk]]) 00:10, 12 June 2025 (UTC) :We will also be grateful for your assistance. I cannot wait receiving such phrases and words to be translated into Wali for you to create the templates for us. Thank you so much. [[User:Zakaria Tunsung|Zakaria Tunsung]] ([[User talk:Zakaria Tunsung|talk]]) 00:14, 12 June 2025 (UTC) :Also do not hesitate to email me on tunsungbukari@gmail.com [[User:Zakaria Tunsung|Zakaria Tunsung]] ([[User talk:Zakaria Tunsung|talk]]) 00:16, 12 June 2025 (UTC) ::@[[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] [[User:Zakaria Tunsung|Zakaria Tunsung]] ([[User talk:Zakaria Tunsung|talk]]) 00:19, 12 June 2025 (UTC) :::Could you please translate this? :::* Country :::* Capital city :::* Area :::* Population :::* Year :::* Name :::* Date of birth :::* Date of death :::* Profession :::* Region :::* Regions of Ghana :::* List of articles every Wikipedia should have :::[[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 05:28, 12 June 2025 (UTC) ::::Hi @[[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]], ::::Here are the translations: ::::* Country= Paalʋʋ ::::* Capital city= Teŋkpɔŋ ::::* Area= gbaŋdeŋe/jie ::::* Population= Paalʋʋ nʋba ::::* Year= yuoni ::::* Name= yuori ::::* Date of birth= Dɔgɩbʋ daarɩ bebiri ::::* Date of death= Kuuŋ daarɩ bebiri ::::* Profession= Chɛwalɩ/tʋma ::::* Region= gbaŋdeŋe ::::* Regions of Ghana= Gaana paalʋʋ gbaŋdeehi ::::* List of articles every Wikipedia should have= Atɩkɩlɩhɩ joe Wikipiidɩɛ jaa aŋ tarɩ sɔrɩ ka ʋ tarɩ ::::[[User:Zakaria Tunsung|Zakaria Tunsung]] ([[User talk:Zakaria Tunsung|talk]]) 10:31, 12 June 2025 (UTC) :::::Here you have the templates being used: :::::* [https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wp/wlx/Ghana The one for countries] :::::* [https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wp/wlx/Abdul_Wahab_Adam The one for people] :::::[https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wp/wlx/At%C9%A9k%C9%A9l%C9%A9h%C9%A9_joe_Wikipiid%C9%A9%C9%9B_jaa_a%C5%8B_tar%C9%A9_s%C9%94r%C9%A9_ka_%CA%8B_tar%C9%A9 Here] is the list of articles every Wikipedia should have. Could you please start by translating the titles (Biography, Philosophy and psychology, religion, social sciences, etc.)? [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 11:31, 12 June 2025 (UTC) ::::::Okey [[User:Zakaria Tunsung|Zakaria Tunsung]] ([[User talk:Zakaria Tunsung|talk]]) 08:05, 13 June 2025 (UTC) :::::::Hi, could you please translate this to Wali? :::::::* Sarah Bernhardt (born Henriette-Rosine Bernard; 22 or 23 October 1844 – 26 March 1923) was a French stage actress, and has often been called "the most famous actress in the history of the world". Bernhardt made her fame on the stages of Europe in the 1870s, and was soon working in Europe and the United States. She developed a reputation as a serious actress, getting the nickname "The Divine Sarah." :::::::* Lancelot Thomas Hogben FRS FRSE (9 December 1895 – 22 August 1975) was a British experimental zoologist and medical statistician. He wrote popular books on science, mathematics and language in his later career. He created an international language, Interglossa, as 'a draft of an auxiliary for a democratic world order'. :::::::Thanks. [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 17:49, 14 June 2025 (UTC) ::::::::* Sarah Bernhardt (dɔgɩbʋ yuori la Henriette-Rosine Bernard; 22 bɩɩ 23 Chiʋsʋŋ 1844 – 26 Dʋmba 1923) da ɩ yɛ Farɩhɩ deme dɛŋdɩɛna, chɛ ka ba maŋ bʋɔnʋʋ ka "dʋnɛɛ jaa dɛŋdɩɛŋ kpɔŋ daana". Bernhardt yuori da doeŋ nɩŋ ʋ dɩɛŋ ŋa yɛla a naŋsaalɩpaalʋʋ ŋa baŋ bʋɔna ka Yurop a yuomo 1870s puoŋ, chɛ da la wa tʋna a Yurop paalʋʋ anɩŋ Yunaatɛɛd Siteetihi paalʋʋ puoŋ. Ʋ da nyɛɛ gɩrɩma yuori yi nɩŋ ʋ dɩɛŋ ŋa puoŋ, baŋ bʋɔna ka "Sarah pɛgɩyirʋʋ." ::::::::* Lancelot Thomas Hogben FRS FRSE (9 Doŋu 1895 – 22 Anjelinje 1975) da ɩ yɛ a Bɩrɩtɩs bʋŋvoe daahɩbʋ bagɩna anɩŋ tɩɩŋ sɔrɩ jɛrɩbʋ bagɩna. Ʋ da sɛʋ yɛ gbama tɩ jɛgɩ nɩŋ yɩlɩpɩɛhɩ bambʋ, jielibu bambʋ anɩŋ tɩrɩ, wɔgɩrɩ ŋa ka ʋ da wa koriye ʋ tʋma puoŋ. Ʋ maalɩ yɛ dʋnɛɛ jaa bambʋ tɩrɩ kaŋa, baŋ bʋɔna Interglossa, ka ʋ yiniŋ dʋnɛɛ jaa nʋɔrɩ yeni yiilʋŋ tɩrɩ somɩŋa yɛlɩyaga puoŋ. ::::::::@[[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] here we go. [[User:Zakaria Tunsung|Zakaria Tunsung]] ([[User talk:Zakaria Tunsung|talk]]) 19:00, 14 June 2025 (UTC) :::::::::Thanks. Could you please translate this? :::::::::* Biographies :::::::::* Glosa is an artificial auxiliary language designed for international communication. It has several characteristics: :::::::::* Its pronunciation is regular, and its spelling is phonetic. :::::::::* Its structure is very simple and based on meaning. :::::::::* It is an analytical language with no inflections or genders. A small number of words handle grammatical relations. :::::::::* Above all, Glosa is neutral and truly international due to the use of Latin and Greek roots, which are used in the international scientific vocabulary. :::::::::* Sir Charles Spencer "Charlie" Chaplin KBE (16 April 1889 – 25 December 1977) was an English comic actor, filmmaker, and composer. He was famous in silent movies (where there was no talking or sound). He acted, directed, scripted, and produced many of them. :::::::::* Marlene Dietrich IPA: [maɐˈleːnə ˈdiːtrɪç]; (27 December 1901 – 6 May 1992) was a German-American actress, singer and entertainer. She was thought to have been the first German actress to become successful in Hollywood. :::::::::* Marilyn Monroe (born Norma Jeane Mortenson; June 1, 1946 – August 4, 1982) was an American actress, writer, model, singer and filmmaker. :::::::::* Also, I have created the two templates that appear [[Wp/wlx/Ahafo Region|here]]. :::::::::[[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 19:19, 14 June 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::Wow so fascinating. I will translate those too when I’m little less busy [[User:Zakaria Tunsung|Zakaria Tunsung]] ([[User talk:Zakaria Tunsung|talk]]) 06:20, 15 June 2025 (UTC) :::::::::::No worries, whenever you have time. [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 06:21, 15 June 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::* Nʋba vorihʋŋ saŋa sɛʋrɩ ::::::::::* Glosa ɩ yɛ kompiʋta tɩmaanʋʋ yiilʋŋ daana ku dʋnɛɛ jaa duohi tɩhɩ puoŋ. Ʋ tarɛɛ wori-jamaa: ::::::::::* Ʋ bʋɔmbʋ ba luoho, kyɛ ka ʋ sɛʋrɩ mɩŋ maŋ ɩ ʋ bʋɔmbʋ. ::::::::::* Ʋ woree daahɩbʋ ba maŋ ɩ tɔɔ awa muni puoŋ. ::::::::::* Ʋ ɩ yɛ tɩrɩ ŋa aŋ ba tarɩ daʋlʋŋ bɩɩ pɔgɩlʋŋ tɩrɩ puoŋ. Sɛʋrɩ fɩɩŋ yoŋ la tarɩ ana tɩrɩ daahɩbʋ woree ŋa. ::::::::::* A ma ŋa jaa puoŋ, Glosa ɩ yɛ peŋteŋ a chɛ la ɩ dʋnɛɛ jaa tɩrɩ ʋ aŋ tɩ yi Latin anɩŋ Greek juŋ, a mɩŋ ɩ yɛ dʋnɛɛ jaa tɩrɩ daahɩ yɛla nimbijɩɛ. ::::::::::* Sir Charles Spencer "Charlie" Chaplin KBE (16 Dʋmba Kokroko 1889 – 25 Doŋu 1977) daaŋ ɩ yɛ English sɩɛ-dɛŋdɩɛna, sini maana, anɩŋ yieŋ ŋmɩra. Ʋ da ɩ yɛ gaŋdaʋ sinihi ŋa aŋ ba maŋ tarɩ dambʋ jaa a puoŋ (a ma aŋ tarɩ yɛlɩyaga bɩɩ gɔma jaa). Ʋ dɩɛŋyɛŋ, wuli dɛŋdɩɛnɩba dɩɛŋbʋ, sɛʋ, anɩŋ a maalɩ ataa yaga. ::::::::::* Marlene Dietrich IPA: [maɐˈleːnə ˈdiːtrɪç]; (27 Dʋmba Kokroko 1901 – 6 Dʋmba Fɩlanaa 1992) da ɩ yɛ German-American dɛŋdɩɛna, yieŋyiene anɩŋ dɩɛŋ ka nʋba puo pɛlɩ daana. Tɔɔhɩbʋ wuno ka ʋ na da la German pɔgɩ dɩɛŋdɩɛna fɔra aŋ kpɛ dɩɛŋji ŋa baŋ maŋ bʋɔna ka Hollywood. ::::::::::* Marilyn Monroe (dɔgɩ yuori la Norma Jeane Mortenson; Kpiinichiʋ 1, 1946 -Anjelinje 4, 1982) da ɩ yɛ America dɩɛŋdɩɛna, sɛsɛʋra, mɔdɩlɩ, yieŋyiene anɩŋ sini maana kaŋa. ::::::::::[[User:Zakaria Tunsung|Zakaria Tunsung]] ([[User talk:Zakaria Tunsung|talk]]) 21:40, 16 June 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::@[[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] here we go. Please could you a time a take us especially the language leads through how to edit on templates? [[User:Zakaria Tunsung|Zakaria Tunsung]] ([[User talk:Zakaria Tunsung|talk]]) 21:42, 16 June 2025 (UTC) :::::::::::What do you need? I just copy a template and change the text from one language to another because I am no expert at all. If there is anything you would like to do, please let me know and I will try to help to the best of my abilit. :::::::::::Whenever you have time, could you please translate this? :::::::::::* Lancelot Thomas Hogben (9 December 1895 – 22 August 1975) was a British experimental zoologist and medical statistician. He developed the African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) as a model organism for biological research in his early career. He also attacked the eugenics movement in the middle of his career, and wrote popular books on science, mathematics and language in his later career. He created an international language, Interglossa, as 'a draft of an auxiliary for a democratic world order'. :::::::::::* Interglossa ("between + language") is a constructed language created by biologist Lancelot Hogben during World War II, as an attempt to put the international lexicon of science and technology, mainly of Greek and Latin origin, into a language with a purely isolating grammar. A descendant of Interglossa is Glosa (1970s–), which expanded and made changes to the words of the language. :::::::::::* Ronald Charles Clark (28 April 1914 – 12 June 2000) was a British biologist, linguist, and educator best known for his role in developing and promoting Glosa, a simplified international auxiliary language derived from Interglossa, originally created by Lancelot Hogben. Clark’s later collaboration with Wendy Ashby[1] was central to transforming Glosa into a practical and accessible tool for international communication and education. :::::::::::* Wendy Ashby (1950-2015[1]) was a British linguist and co-developer of the constructed international auxiliary language Glosa, which she developed in collaboration with Ron Clark.[2] She is recognized for her contributions to simplified, culturally neutral communication systems and her efforts to promote Glosa as an educational and international medium. :::::::::::* The Bible, also known as the Holy Bible, is a group of religious texts central to Judaism and Christianity. The Bible contains both the Old Testament and the New Testament. :::::::::::* Jesus, also referred to as Jesus Christ, Jesus of Nazareth, and many other names and titles, (c. 6 to 4 BC – AD 30 or 33) was a Jewish preacher and reformer of religion who is the central figure of Christianity. :::::::::::* Christianity is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion, which states that Jesus is the Son of God and rose from the dead after his crucifixion, whose coming as the messiah (Christ) was prophesied in the Old Testament and chronicled in the New Testament. :::::::::::Thanks [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 05:11, 17 June 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::::Okay, 👍 thanks. [[User:Zakaria Tunsung|Zakaria Tunsung]] ([[User talk:Zakaria Tunsung|talk]]) 05:21, 17 June 2025 (UTC) :::::::::::::Also, are these two articles referring to the same thing? :::::::::::::* [[Wp/wlx/Central Region]] :::::::::::::* [[Wp/wlx/Central Region (Ghana)]] :::::::::::::If so, could you please put all information in just one and leave the other page blank? [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 05:44, 17 June 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::::::They are the same. I can actually delete one. I'm admin on the wiki [[User:Zakaria Tunsung|Zakaria Tunsung]] ([[User talk:Zakaria Tunsung|talk]]) 05:52, 17 June 2025 (UTC) :::::::::::::::Hey, did you have time to do the translations above? [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 15:33, 20 June 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::::::::Hi @[[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]], ::::::::::::::::I was quite busy traveling. Currently in Accra but I'm now have sometime to work on that. It will be ready in few minutes. Sorry for the delay. [[User:Zakaria Tunsung|Zakaria Tunsung]] ([[User talk:Zakaria Tunsung|talk]]) 16:11, 20 June 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::::::::Hi @[[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] here we go. It just follow pattern of the English version bulleting. [[User:Zakaria Tunsung|Zakaria Tunsung]] ([[User talk:Zakaria Tunsung|talk]]) 17:57, 20 June 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::::* Lancelot Thomas Hogben (9 Doŋu 1895 – 22 Anjelinje 1975) daaŋ ɩ yɛ British daarɩ yɛlɩtarɩhɩ daahadaaha anɩŋ laaŋfɩɩlʋŋ yɛlɩtarɩhɩ jɛrɩbʋ. Ʋ na la maalɩ a Afɩrɩka pɔtɩrɩ kaŋa aŋ maŋ tarɩ gbɛbie (Xenopus laevis) tʋŋ nɩŋ tʋma ʋ tʋma piilee saŋa. Ʋ da la ɩ yɛ nɩɛ kaŋa aŋ ŋmɩ nɔkpɩɛnɩ jagɩ tʋma ŋa baŋ naŋsaalaa bʋɔna ka 'eugenics movement ʋ soŋsogo wɔgɩrɩ, chɛ la sɛʋ lɩɛra jagɩ nɩŋ yɛlɩpɩɛhɩbaŋ daahɩ, jielibʋ daahɩbʋ anɩŋ tɩrɩ ʋ tʋma baahaa wɔgɩrɩ. Ʋ maalɛɛ dʋnɛɛ jaa tɩrɩ kaŋa baŋ bʋɔna ka Interglossa, tɩrɩ ŋa aŋ ɩ tɩyiilʋŋ ka dʋnɛɛ jaa tʋna somqɩŋa yɛlɩyaga puoŋ. ::::::::::::* Interglossa ("soŋsogo+ tɩrɩ") tɩmaanʋʋ kaŋa bʋŋvoe yɛlɩtarɩ daaha kaŋa baŋ bʋɔna Lancelot Hogben da maalɩ a dʋnɛɛ jaa jɛʋkpɔŋ yiilʋŋ daana, ka ka baŋ dʋnɛɛ jaa yɩlɩpɩɛhɩ daahɩ anɩŋ maŋsiihi tɩrɩ yɛlɩbie laŋtaa, ka da yi a Greek anɩŋ Latin deme tɩɛ puo, ka a daahɩbʋ ɩ laaŋfɩɛ. A Interglossa maalɩbʋ potuuro kaŋa baŋ bʋɔna Glosa (1970s–), mɩŋ da lɛʋhɛɛ a yɛlɩbie ŋa a yi tɩrɩ puoŋ. ::::::::::::* Ronald Charles Clark (28 Dʋmba Kokʋroko 1914 – 12 Kpiinichiʋ 2000) da ɩ yɛ British nyʋvoe yɛla daahɩbʋ, tɩrɩ yɛla bagɩna anɩŋ karɩma ka nɩɛ jaa bamʋʋ ʋŋ ɩ ka Glosa yɛla do, tɩyiilʋŋ kaŋa aŋ baŋ ŋmaa yi a dʋnɛɛ jaa tɩrɩ ŋa baŋ bʋɔna Interglossa, ka Lancelot Hogben daaŋ maalɩ. Clark nɩŋ Wendy Ashby daaŋ laŋyɛ taa[1] ka ba maalɩ a Glosa tɩmaanʋʋ ŋa ka dʋnɛɛ jaa baŋ tʋɔŋ dɩ yɛlayaga anɩŋ karɩmbʋ yɛla. ::::::::::::* Wendy Ashby (1950-2015[1]) da ɩ yɛ British tɩbagɩna daana anɩŋ nʋɔrɩyeni daana maalɩ a Glosa tɩrɩ ŋa, ka ʋ nɩŋ Ron Clark da laŋtaa maalɩ.[2] Ʋ da ɩ yɛ nɩɛ ŋa nɩɛ jaa bamʋʋ ʋŋ ɩ laaŋfɩɛ chɛ duoho a Glosa yɛla saaju ku dʋnɛɛ jaa karɩmbʋ yɛla anɩŋ yɛlɩyaga. ::::::::::::* A Baabʋlɩ, baŋ la bʋɔna ka Baabʋlɩ Pɛgɩyirʋʋ, ɩ yɛ dɩɩna yɛlɩsɛʋbiŋnihi aŋ yi a Yɛhʋʋdiihɩ anɩŋ Yeesu Kiriso biihi dɩɩnɩhɩ puo. A Baabʋlɩ tarɛɛ a buki koree anɩŋ a buki paalaa jaa. ::::::::::::* Yeesu, baŋ la bʋɔna Yeesu Kiriso, Yeesu a Nazara deehuu, anɩŋ yoe mine, (c. 6 tɩ tɔ 4 BC – AD 30 bɩɩ 33) da ɩ yɛ Yɛhʋʋdiihɩ karɩma anɩŋ dɩɩna yɛla sɔmaana, ka ʋ da ɩ Kiriso biihi dɩɩna nɩŋkpɔŋ. ::::::::::::* Kiriso biihi dɩɩna ŋa yie Abʋraham dɩɩna puo, aŋ yɛlɩ ka Yeesu ɩ yɛ Naaŋmɩnɩ bie chɛ la ihi yi kuuŋ puoŋ, ka ʋ la ɩ a Mɩsaayɛ naŋ na wa a yi a buku koree anɩŋ buku paalaa jaa puuhiŋ. ::::::::::::[[User:Zakaria Tunsung|Zakaria Tunsung]] ([[User talk:Zakaria Tunsung|talk]]) 17:56, 20 June 2025 (UTC) :::::::::::::How do you say "Christianity"? :::::::::::::Could you translate this please? :::::::::::::* The Pope is the head of the Roman Catholic Church in religious contexts and, politically, the head of state Vatican City State. :::::::::::::* The Catholic Church is the largest Christian church in the world. Its members believe that Jesus Christ started the Catholic Church 2,000 years ago. The Catholic Church is led by the Pope, the Bishop of Rome, who lives in the Vatican City. :::::::::::::* The Kingdom of Wala was a polity in what is today Ghana based around Wa. According to some traditions it had an imam as early as 1317. In the early 1890s, Wala was largely west of the Kulpawn River. Its western boundary was the Black Volta. The north-east corner of the territory was at Dasima, and the south-west corner was at Tantama. Kulmasa marked its southern boundary. n 1894, there was a rebellion in the northern part of the Kingdom of Wala, and this area separated off into an independent kingdom. :::::::::::::* Vicente Costalago is a philologist, writer, poet, translator, researcher and author. He was born in Spain and studied modern languages ​​at the Autonomous University of Madrid and translation and interpretation at the University of Manchester. He has written and published texts in various constructed languages, especially Occidental, Interlingua and Lingua Franca Nova, and in minority languages such as Extremaduran (a language spoken in Spain). :::::::::::::[[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 18:53, 20 June 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::::::"Christianity" ::::::::::::::Krista biihi ŋmɩnɩ [[User:Zakaria Tunsung|Zakaria Tunsung]] ([[User talk:Zakaria Tunsung|talk]]) 20:34, 20 June 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::::::@[[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] [[User:Zakaria Tunsung|Zakaria Tunsung]] ([[User talk:Zakaria Tunsung|talk]]) 20:34, 20 June 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::::::Some words can be found in the Waalii dictionary by searching them in English language. Just we are currently using a unique orthography which the authors of the Dictionary did not use maybe due to the inability to get the Waalɩɩ keys at that time. But one is not wrong when using it as well. [[User:Zakaria Tunsung|Zakaria Tunsung]] ([[User talk:Zakaria Tunsung|talk]]) 20:39, 20 June 2025 (UTC) :::::::::::::::the link to the dictionary :::::::::::::::https://www.webonary.org/waalii?s=Christian&search=Search&key=en&search_options_set=1&match_whole_words=1&match_accents=on [[User:Zakaria Tunsung|Zakaria Tunsung]] ([[User talk:Zakaria Tunsung|talk]]) 20:40, 20 June 2025 (UTC) :::::::::::::::[https://www.webonary.org/waalii?s=Christian&search=Search&key=en&search_options_set=1&match_whole_words=1&match_accents=on Waalii Dictionary] [[User:Zakaria Tunsung|Zakaria Tunsung]] ([[User talk:Zakaria Tunsung|talk]]) 20:41, 20 June 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::::::I will translate the rest maybe later please. [[User:Zakaria Tunsung|Zakaria Tunsung]] ([[User talk:Zakaria Tunsung|talk]]) 20:42, 20 June 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::::::* A Pop maŋ la a Roman Catholic ŋmɩnpuohi deʋ yɛla nɩŋkpɔŋ jagɩ nɩŋ naalʋŋ anɩŋ a Vatican City State yidaaŋdaʋ. ::::::::::::::* A Katɩlɩ chɛɛchɩ la a Yeesu kieiso biihi jaa chɛɛchɩ kpɔŋ dʋnɛe jaa. A chɛɛchɩ ŋa nʋba sagɩdieŋ ka Yeesu Kiriso daaŋ la piili a Katɩlɩ Chɛɛchɩ ŋa awo yuomo 2,000 aŋ parɩ. A Katɩlɩ chɛɛchɩ ŋa yidɩɛra la a Pop, a Rome Bisɔp, aŋ kpɩɛra a Vatican City. ::::::::::::::* A Waala Naalʋŋ Kpɔŋ daaŋ ɩ yɛ naalʋŋ aŋ bɩ Gaana paalʋʋ pampana a Wa puoŋ. Tɔɔhɩbʋ mine puoŋ, daaŋ tarɛɛ Imaamu awa yuo 1317 wɔgɩrɩ gba. Awo a yuomo 1890 piilee saŋa, Wala daaŋ bɩyɛ a Kulpawn Kɔmbɔɔ samuni sɛŋ yaga. Ʋ samuni sɛŋ tarɩbɔgɩ daaŋ la a baŋ bʋɔna ka Black Volta. Ʋ saju-ŋmɩŋtɔŋ puhee da la bɩ Dasima, anɩŋ ʋ samuni-ŋmɩŋtɔŋ lieŋee da bɩyɛ Tantama. Kulmasa la ʋ samuni sɛŋ. A yuoni 1894 puoŋ la ka jɛʋrɩ da bɩ a Wala Naalʋŋ paalʋʋ saju sɛŋ, ka bɩla ŋa vɛŋ ka a samuni ŋmaa yi ahɩ ʋ yoŋ. ::::::::::::::* Vicente Costalago da ɩ yɛ nɩɛ ŋa tarɩ hɩna a sʋŋna nʋba, sɛʋsɛʋra, laŋdɩɛra, nɩɛ aŋ lɛʋha yɛla ɩŋna tɩjaanɩ, pɩɛhapɩɛha anɩŋ gbaŋsɛʋra. Ba dɔgʋʋ yi Spain paalʋʋ chɛ ka ʋ daahɩ tɩpaanɩ yi a University of Manchester. Ʋ sɛʋyɛ gbama yɛga a ŋmɩ yaarɩ ɩŋ tɩjaanɩ puoŋ, awo Occidental tɩrɩ, Interlingua tɩrɩ anɩŋ Lingua Franca Nova tɩrɩ, anɩŋ tɩbilii mine puog awo Extremaduran tɩrɩ (tɩrɩ ŋa baŋ yɛla a Spain paalʋʋ puoŋ). ::::::::::::::[[User:Zakaria Tunsung|Zakaria Tunsung]] ([[User talk:Zakaria Tunsung|talk]]) 23:56, 23 June 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::::::@[[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] Here we go. Sorry I was a little bit busy traveling. [[User:Zakaria Tunsung|Zakaria Tunsung]] ([[User talk:Zakaria Tunsung|talk]]) 23:57, 23 June 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::::::I am waiting another translation if you have some. Thanks working on our wiki. [[User:Zakaria Tunsung|Zakaria Tunsung]] ([[User talk:Zakaria Tunsung|talk]]) 23:59, 23 June 2025 (UTC) :::::::::::::::Thank you for translating the texts. Here are more: :::::::::::::::* Religions :::::::::::::::* Religion :::::::::::::::* Geography of Ghana :::::::::::::::* The land in Ghana has flat areas, low hills, rivers, and Lake Volta — the biggest artificial lake in the world. There are also two islands along the southern coast: Dodi Island and Bobowasi Island. :::::::::::::::* Ghana has four main natural areas: :::::::::::::::** The coast has sandy beaches with flat land and bushes, and many rivers and streams. :::::::::::::::** The north of Ghana has high flatlands. :::::::::::::::** The south-west and middle parts have forests and hills, including the Ashanti uplands and the Kwahu Plateau. :::::::::::::::** On the east, near the border, are the Akwapim-Togo mountains. :::::::::::::::* The Volta Basin, a large area in south-central Ghana, covers most of the country. :::::::::::::::* The highest mountain in Ghana is Mount Afadja, which is 885 meters (2,904 feet) tall, located in the Akwapim-Togo mountains. :::::::::::::::* Ghana has a tropical climate. The east coast is warm and not too wet, the south-west is hot and humid, and the north is warm and rainy. :::::::::::::::* Lake Volta spreads into parts of south-eastern Ghana, and rivers like the Oti and Afram flow into it. :::::::::::::::* Pulmakom is the northernmost town in Ghana, and Cape Three Points near Axim is the southernmost point. Ghana is located between 4° and 12° north of the equator. The south has green forests with trees like mahogany, ebony, and odum. There are also oil palm and mangrove trees. The north has trees like shea, baobab, and acacia. :::::::::::::::* Cape Three Points, at the south, is about 4°30' north of the equator. From there, Ghana stretches about 670 kilometers (420 miles) to the north, up to about 11° north. From east to west, Ghana is about 560 kilometers (350 miles) wide. The Greenwich Meridian, the line that passes through London, also passes through Tema in eastern Ghana. :::::::::::::::Thanks. [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 06:28, 24 June 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::::::::* Dɩɩnɩhɩ ::::::::::::::::* Dɩɩna ::::::::::::::::* Gaana teŋgbanɩ siisii ::::::::::::::::* Gaana tarɛɛ teŋgbaŋ walala, taŋbilii, bɔɔhɩ, kɔmbɔɔhɩ, anɩŋ Lake Volta — nɩŋsaalaa numaalɩ kɔmbɔɔ kpɔŋ dʋnɛɛ jaa puoŋ. Kʋɔŋ puo teŋgbaŋbilii ayi bɩ yɛ a kʋɔ̃ samuni sɛŋ: Dodi Kʋɔŋ puo teŋgbaŋbile anɩŋ Bobowasi Kʋɔŋ puo teŋgbaŋbile. ::::::::::::::::* Gaana tarɛɛ naaŋmɩnɩ bʋŋbahɩ anaahɩ mine: ::::::::::::::::** A manɩ sɛŋ tarɛɛ biihee nɩŋ teŋgbaŋ walala anɩŋ mɔɔ, anɩŋ bɔɔhɩ anɩŋ kɔmbɔgɩrɩ. ::::::::::::::::** A Gaana saju sɛŋ tarɛɛ teŋgbaŋ walalahɩ yaga. ::::::::::::::::** A samuni-ŋmɩŋtɔŋlienee anɩg ʋ soŋsogo sɛŋ tarɛɛ kɔŋkɔɛ yaga anɩŋ taŋbilii, ka a mine la a Ashanti uplands anɩŋ a Kwahu Plateau. ::::::::::::::::** A ŋmɩŋtɔŋpuhee, a gara ʋ tarɩbɔgɩ baahaa sɛŋ, a Akwapim-Togo taahɩ la bɩ be. ::::::::::::::::* A Volta Basin, ɩ yɛ jikpɔŋ aŋ bɩ a Gaana samuni-soŋsogo sɛŋ, a paalʋʋ jikpɔŋ. ::::::::::::::::* Taŋkpɔŋ aŋ bɩ a Gaana paalʋʋ puoŋ la Mount Afadja, aŋ ɩ 885 mitahɩ (2,904 feet) yɔgɩ, a bɩ a Akwapim-Togo taahɩŋ. ::::::::::::::::* Gaana paalʋʋ tʋlʋʋ paalʋʋ. A manɩ ŋmɩŋtɔŋpuhee tarɛɛ tʋlʋʋ yaga gaa maahʋʋ, a samuni-ŋmɩŋtɔŋliehee ɩ yɛ tʋlʋʋ chɛ tarɩ sasɛmaahʋʋ, chɛ ka ʋ saju sɛŋ mɩŋ tarɩ tʋlʋʋ anɩŋ saa yaga. ::::::::::::::::* Lake Volta ŋmɩyaarɛɛ a Gaana samuni-ŋmɩŋtɔŋpuhee sɛŋ, chɛ ka kɔmbɔɔhɩ mine awo Oti anɩŋ Afram maŋ puoro kpɩɛrʋʋ. ::::::::::::::::* Pulmakom ɩ yɛ teŋkpɔŋ aŋ bɩ Gaana saju sɛŋ, chɛ ka Cape Three Points aŋ pɩɛrɩ Axim mɩŋ bɩ samuni sɛŋ. Gaana bɩ yɛ 4° anɩŋ 12° soŋsogo a ɩkueta saju sɛŋ. A samuni sɛŋ tarɛɛ kɔŋkɔrɩ daarɩ awo kogo, ɛboni aniŋ ɔdum. Abɛ daarɩ anɩŋ maŋgʋrʋf daarɩ jaa mɩŋ bɩ be gba. A saju sɛŋ tarɛɛ daarɩ awo taaŋdaarɩ, tuo daarɩ anɩŋ puhee daarɩ mɩŋ. ::::::::::::::::* Cape Three Points, aŋ bqɩ a samuni sɛŋ, ɩ yɛ awo 4°30' saju nɩŋ a ɩkueta. A yi be, Gaana jɛŋ yɛ awo 670 kilometers (420 miles) nɩŋ a saju, a tɩ ta awo 11° saju sɛŋ. A yi a ŋmɩŋtɔŋpuhee te tɔ ŋmɩŋtɔŋlieŋee sɛŋ, Gaana ɩ yɛŋ awo 560 kilometers (350 miles) yɛlɩŋʋ. A Greenwich Meridian, a tʋɔraa ŋa aŋ tɩ yi London, a la wa tu Tema aŋ bɩ Gaana ŋmɩŋtɔŋpuhee sɛŋ. ::::::::::::::::[[User:Zakaria Tunsung|Zakaria Tunsung]] ([[User talk:Zakaria Tunsung|talk]]) 19:00, 28 June 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::::::::@[[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] here we go. Let me also make corrections to the previous translations. ::::::::::::::::Christianity = Naŋsaalaa dɩɩna ::::::::::::::::Christians = Naŋsaalaa dɩɩna deme ::::::::::::::::Christian = Naŋsaalaa dɩɩna deehʋʋ ::::::::::::::::Islam = Sɩlaamayɛ ::::::::::::::::Muslims = Sɩlaama biihi ::::::::::::::::Muslim = Sɩlaama bie ::::::::::::::::These translations are appropriate. Make changes and maybe apply to future ones. Thank you. [[User:Zakaria Tunsung|Zakaria Tunsung]] ([[User talk:Zakaria Tunsung|talk]]) 19:07, 28 June 2025 (UTC) :::::::::::::::::I don't speak the language, it will be you the one that will have to do it, sorry. [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 19:16, 28 June 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::::::::::Hi @[[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] don't you have another translation. We really appreciate your contributions [[User:Zakaria Tunsung|Zakaria Tunsung]] ([[User talk:Zakaria Tunsung|talk]]) 16:02, 7 July 2025 (UTC) :::::::::::::::::::Could you please translate this? :::::::::::::::::::* History of Ghana :::::::::::::::::::* Geography of Ghana :::::::::::::::::::* Government of Ghana :::::::::::::::::::* Politics of Ghana :::::::::::::::::::* Economy of Ghana :::::::::::::::::::* Jubilee House :::::::::::::::::::* Akwamu Empire :::::::::::::::::::* The Government of Ghana was created as a parliamentary democracy, followed by alternating military and civilian governments in Ghana. In January 1993, military government gave way to the Fourth Republic after presidential and parliamentary elections in late 1992. The 1992 constitution divides powers among a president, parliament, cabinet, council of state, and an independent judiciary. The government is elected by universal suffrage. :::::::::::::::::::* Politics of Ghana takes place in a framework of a presidential representative democratic republic, whereby the president of Ghana is both head of state and head of government, and of a two party system. The seat of government is at Golden Jubilee House. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and Parliament. The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature. :::::::::::::::::::* Jubilee House is the presidential palace in Accra that serves as a residence and office to the President of Ghana. Jubilee House is built on the site of a building that was constructed and used for administrative purposes by the British Gold Coast Government. The previous seat of government of Ghana was Osu Castle. It was named Golden Jubilee House by President John Agyekum Kuffour in November 2008 to coincide with the 50th year of Ghana's independence. It has since reverted to Jubilee House. It has previously been known as The Flagstaff House. :::::::::::::::::::* The Akwamu Empire was a powerful Akan state that rose to prominence in the 17th century in what is now southeastern Ghana. According to oral tradition, the Akwamu traced their origins to the Twifo-Heman area, but the earliest historical records place them inland, straddling the Atewa Hills and controlling trade routes between the coast and the forest interior. Emerging as a dominant force in the second half of the century, Akwamu developed into an expansionist polity, exerting authority over diverse territories through military conquest, tributary networks, and control of regional commerce. At the height of its power in the late 17th and early 18th centuries, the Akwamu Empire extended approximately 400 kilometres (250 mi) along the Gulf of Guinea—from Ouidah in present-day Benin to Winneba in modern Ghana. :::::::::::::::::::Thanks, I will be creating the articles bit by bit. [[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[User talk:Jon Gua|talk]]) 16:24, 22 October 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::::::::::::Ghana Yɛlɩ’kori maahɩbʋ ::::::::::::::::::::Ghana Teŋgbanɩ daahɩbʋ ::::::::::::::::::::Ghana Gɔmɩnaŋtɩ ::::::::::::::::::::Ghana pɔlɩtis yɛla ::::::::::::::::::::Ghana Da-di yɛla ::::::::::::::::::::Ghana Yidaandaʋ kpɛjie ::::::::::::::::::::Akwamu deme Gbaŋdeŋe ::::::::::::::::::::Ghana Gɔmɩnaŋtɩ maalɩbʋ da jɛgɛɛ nɩŋ saŋa ŋa sojɛhɩ aŋ ŋmɩ kuuhi, ka begimaalɩ deʋ laŋ jiŋ maalʋʋ yɛlɩ-kaŋ-yɛlɩ naaŋ puoŋ. A Jɩmbɛŋtɩ 1993 yuoni puoŋ la, ka a Begimaalɩ deu anaahɩ naalʋŋ piili saŋa nɩ baŋ vooti a yuoni 1992 baahaa sɛŋ. A 1992 Ghana paalʋʋ begu poe a naaŋ ku a yidaandaʋ, begimaalɩ deʋ, yidaandaʋ potuuribo, paalʋʋ kawaŋ-ɩrɩba anɩŋ yɛlɩ-kaabaahɩ-deme. Ba maŋ ihee a gɔmɩnaŋtɩ nɩŋ-jɛmaa sagɩbʋ puoŋ. ::::::::::::::::::::Ghana pɔlɩtɩs tɩ jɛgɛɛ nɩŋ yidaandaʋlʋŋ naaŋ diibu, ka a Ghana yidaandaʋ maŋ maŋ la a paalʋʋ jaa nɩŋkpɔŋ, chɛ paatihi tɩ ta ayi lɩɛŋ bɩbe. A yidaandaʋ kogo maŋ bɩyɛ a Yidaandaʋ kpɛjieŋ. A gɔmɩnaŋtɩ la maŋ tarɩ a paalʋʋ kpɩɛŋʋ kpɔŋ. Yɛlɩ-ka-N yɛlɩ naaŋ maŋ bɩyɛ a gɔmɩnaŋtɩ nɩŋ a begimaalɩ deu nuuhiŋ. A yɛlɩ ka a baahɩ deme naaŋ maŋ bɩyɛ ba yoŋ sɛŋ. ::::::::::::::::::::Ghana Yidaandaʋ kpɛjie ɩyɛ a paalʋʋ yidaandaʋ jɛŋʋ aŋ bɩ a Aŋkara paalʋʋ a ɩ a Ghana yidaandaʋ kpɛjie anɩŋ ʋ ɔɔfɩɩs. Ghana Yidaandaʋ kpɛjie bɩjie ŋa daaŋ ɩyɛ jie a nansaalaa naaŋ wɔgɩrɩ gɔmɩnaŋtɩ aŋ daaŋ mɛ ʋ kpɛjie. A gɔmɩnaŋtɩhɩ koe kogihi daaŋ bɩyɛ a Osu Castle.Ba daaŋ lɛʋhɛɛ a yuori gaanɩŋ ka Golden Jubilee House a yidaandaʋ koree John Agyekum Kuffour wɔgɩrɩ a Noovɛmba 2008 yuoni puoŋ tɩ jɛgɩ nɩŋ a Ghana yuoŋ-Lɩjaayi nɩŋ pie (50th) somɩŋa wɔgɩrɩ. A yi a wɔgɩrɩ baŋ lɛʋhʋʋ gaanɩŋ ka Jubilee House. Ba gba daaŋ bʋɔnʋʋ'ŋ ka The Flagstaff House. ::::::::::::::::::::A Akwamu deme gbaŋdege daaŋ ɩyɛ a Akaahɩ gbaŋdege aŋ da tarɩ kpɩɛŋʋ yɛga a 17th sɛŋchɩrɩ yuomo puoŋ, jine ka be la a Ghana samuni sɛŋ. Tɔɔhɩbʋ puoŋ, a Akwamu yie a Twifo-Heman gbaŋdege, chɛ tɔɔhɩ koe puoŋ, ba daaŋ a Atewa taahɩ kpachɛgaŋ a so a kʋɔ̃hɩ nɩŋ a kɔŋkɔɛ kpɩɛŋʋ. Baŋ daaŋ mɛ tarɩ kpɩɛŋʋ a yuomo sogihi puoŋ, Akwamu daaŋ baayɛŋ nɩŋ naaŋ, a da dire ba naaŋ nɩŋ ba jɛʋjɛʋrɩba, a da dire kpɩɛŋʋ nɩŋ gbaŋdeehi jɛmaa, anɩŋ da-di jiihi jɛmaa. Saŋa nɩ ba kpɩɛŋʋ aŋ wa ɩ kpɔŋ yɛgajaa a 17th sɛŋchɩrɩ baahaa sɛŋ anɩa a 18th sɛŋchɩrɩ piilee sɛŋ nɩ, a Akwamu gbaŋdege da yɛlɩŋyɛŋ tɩ ta awo 400 kilomitɛs (250 mi) tɩ gʋɔlɩ a Gulf of Guinea—a yi Ouidah, jine ka be la baŋ bʋɔna Benin tɩ tɔ Winneba aŋ bɩ pampana Ghana paalʋŋ. [[User:Zakaria Tunsung|Zakaria Tunsung]] ([[User talk:Zakaria Tunsung|talk]]) 21:43, 11 April 2026 (UTC) :::::::::::::::::::::Hi @[[User:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] [[User:Zakaria Tunsung|Zakaria Tunsung]] ([[User talk:Zakaria Tunsung|talk]]) 21:43, 11 April 2026 (UTC) == You may be eligible to vote in the U4C election == <section begin="announcement-content" /> I am contacting you because you previously voted in elections related to the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]]. You may be eligible to vote in the current U4C election, which is open now and closes on 2 June 2026. 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We have put together the Organizer Feedback Form to capture your successes, challenges, and metrics. * '''Link to form''': https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfDsuYSv2S4RCQuwAO9MlykJwgPIy-l9ENTr7I_GxpfVuo2TA/viewform * '''Deadline''': 31 July 2026 Thank you again for championing this campaign. We couldn't do this without you. Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:12, 29 June 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:ZI_Jony/MassMessage/WLR/List/2026/Organizers&oldid=30750499 --> == Thank you for joining Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026! == Dear Participant, Thank you so much for participating in the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 campaign! Whether you were writing articles or uploading photos to Wikimedia Commons, your contributions have helped share beautiful traditions, Islamic history, and cultural heritage with the rest of the world. We want to make sure next year's campaign is even better, and we need your help to do it! We would love it if you could take 3–5 minutes to fill out our quick '''Participant Feedback Form'''. * '''Link to form''': https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScw_bPHsVzpby50jc2_syJD5-mS9scnRL5BLv9UXH2tK3Mr8w/viewform Thank you again for sharing your knowledge and creativity with the Wikimedia movement. Keep an eye on your talk page and our social media for the final winner announcements soon! Happy editing, Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:13, 29 June 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:ZI_Jony/MassMessage/WLR/List/2026/Participants&oldid=30750498 --> == Gentle Reminder: Kindly submit your Organizer Feedback for Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 == Dear Organizer, Hope you are doing well and keeping safe. We are reaching out to express our heartfelt gratitude for your relentless efforts and dedication in organizing Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 in your local community. Organizing campaigns takes a lot of hard work, and your leadership has truly made a wonderful impact in bridging the knowledge gap regarding Islamic history and culture. As we are wrapping up this year’s activities, we kindly remind you to share your local campaign report and experience with us. If you haven't done so already, please take a few minutes to fill out the Organizer Feedback Form. * '''Link to form''': https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfDsuYSv2S4RCQuwAO9MlykJwgPIy-l9ENTr7I_GxpfVuo2TA/viewform * '''Deadline''': 31 July 2026 Your feedback is incredibly valuable to us. It will not only help us prepare our global impact report but also guide us in securing better resources and funding for organizers like you in the upcoming years. (You will also find a small section inside the form to provide your local language translations for the 2027 campaign banners!). Thank you so much for being a pillar of this campaign. Together, we can make the 2027 edition even more successful! Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:47, 19 July 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:ZI_Jony/MassMessage/WLR/List/2026/Organizers&oldid=30750499 --> hhuvyf6cy4zddtul0216j5nqqkm3a1g 3 3402610 7255899 5820576 2026-07-19T21:10:33Z Revibot 1236611 Bot: Fixing double redirect from [[User talk:أيوب]] to [[User talk:جيمي]] 7255899 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[User talk:جيمي]] 79cj9e496fepy6so9vp0laf67dfgkla 3 3423894 7255867 7233785 2026-07-19T20:47:22Z MediaWiki message delivery 633333 /* Gentle Reminder: Kindly submit your Organizer Feedback for Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 */ new section 7255867 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float=right }} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]]. </div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 19:49, 1 July 2023 (UTC) == Share your Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 journey! == Dear Organizer, On behalf of the Wiki Loves Ramadan International Team, I want to send a massive thank you for your leadership and hard work during the 2026 campaign. Organizing local events, coordinating juries, and tracking metrics takes a lot of effort, and your dedication has been vital to bridging the knowledge gap regarding Islamic heritage and traditions. As we wrap up this year's campaign, we would love to hear how things went in your community. We have put together the Organizer Feedback Form to capture your successes, challenges, and metrics. * '''Link to form''': https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfDsuYSv2S4RCQuwAO9MlykJwgPIy-l9ENTr7I_GxpfVuo2TA/viewform * '''Deadline''': 31 July 2026 Thank you again for championing this campaign. We couldn't do this without you. Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:12, 29 June 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:ZI_Jony/MassMessage/WLR/List/2026/Organizers&oldid=30750499 --> == Thank you for joining Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026! == Dear Participant, Thank you so much for participating in the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 campaign! Whether you were writing articles or uploading photos to Wikimedia Commons, your contributions have helped share beautiful traditions, Islamic history, and cultural heritage with the rest of the world. We want to make sure next year's campaign is even better, and we need your help to do it! We would love it if you could take 3–5 minutes to fill out our quick '''Participant Feedback Form'''. * '''Link to form''': https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScw_bPHsVzpby50jc2_syJD5-mS9scnRL5BLv9UXH2tK3Mr8w/viewform Thank you again for sharing your knowledge and creativity with the Wikimedia movement. Keep an eye on your talk page and our social media for the final winner announcements soon! Happy editing, Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:13, 29 June 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:ZI_Jony/MassMessage/WLR/List/2026/Participants&oldid=30750498 --> == Gentle Reminder: Kindly submit your Organizer Feedback for Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 == Dear Organizer, Hope you are doing well and keeping safe. We are reaching out to express our heartfelt gratitude for your relentless efforts and dedication in organizing Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 in your local community. Organizing campaigns takes a lot of hard work, and your leadership has truly made a wonderful impact in bridging the knowledge gap regarding Islamic history and culture. As we are wrapping up this year’s activities, we kindly remind you to share your local campaign report and experience with us. If you haven't done so already, please take a few minutes to fill out the Organizer Feedback Form. * '''Link to form''': https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfDsuYSv2S4RCQuwAO9MlykJwgPIy-l9ENTr7I_GxpfVuo2TA/viewform * '''Deadline''': 31 July 2026 Your feedback is incredibly valuable to us. It will not only help us prepare our global impact report but also guide us in securing better resources and funding for organizers like you in the upcoming years. (You will also find a small section inside the form to provide your local language translations for the 2027 campaign banners!). Thank you so much for being a pillar of this campaign. Together, we can make the 2027 edition even more successful! Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:47, 19 July 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:ZI_Jony/MassMessage/WLR/List/2026/Organizers&oldid=30750499 --> gfglr5gic65rp2g0134zif4go5yjl1w 0 3428468 7256254 7214259 2026-07-20T07:56:29Z Пан Хаунд 2 2597454 7256254 wikitext text/x-wiki ꠡꠝꠣꠎꠤꠇ ꠎꠥꠉꠣꠎꠥꠉ ꠝꠣꠁꠗ꠆ꠗꠝꠞ ꠟꠉꠦ ꠟꠉ ꠟꠣꠉꠣꠘꠤ (ꠡꠋꠎꠥꠉ) ==ꠃꠖ꠆ꠖꠦꠡ꠆ꠡꠅ== # ꠀꠞ꠆ꠎꠣꠉꠣꠔ ꠘꠣꠄ ꠅꠘꠅ ꠍꠤꠟꠐꠤ ꠙꠎꠦꠇ꠆ꠐꠞ ꠄꠇ꠆ꠐꠤꠜꠤꠐꠤ ꠛꠣꠠꠣꠘꠤ # ꠁꠘ꠆ꠇꠤꠃꠛꠦꠐꠞꠕꠘꠦ ꠢꠇꠟ ꠍꠤꠟꠐꠤ ꠙꠎꠦꠇ꠆ꠐ ꠀꠡꠟ ꠃꠁꠇꠤꠘ꠆ꠔ ꠘꠦꠅꠀ ==ꠘꠤꠅꠝ ꠇꠣꠘꠥꠘ== # ꠁ ꠃꠁꠇꠤꠙꠎꠦꠇ꠆ꠐ ꠀꠞ ꠁ ꠃꠁꠇꠤꠙꠎꠦꠇ꠆ꠐꠣꠁꠘ꠆ꠔꠞ ꠟꠉꠞ ꠙꠎꠦꠇ꠆ꠐꠣꠁꠘ ꠍꠣꠠꠣ ꠀꠞ ꠇꠥꠘ꠆ꠔꠣ ꠖꠦꠅꠀ ꠎꠣꠁꠔꠘꠣꠄ # ꠀꠡꠤ ꠨ ꠔꠣꠝ꠆ꠡꠣ ꠨ ꠞꠣꠎꠘꠤꠔꠤꠞ ꠙꠇ꠆ꠇꠦ ꠛꠤꠙꠇ꠆ꠇꠦ ꠎꠣꠄ ꠄꠝꠟꠣ ꠇꠥꠘ꠆ꠔꠣ ꠘꠤꠡꠦꠖ # ꠛꠦꠇ꠆ꠔꠤꠉꠔ ꠇꠥꠘꠥ ꠙꠚꠣꠁꠟ ꠨ ꠅꠄꠛꠍꠣꠁꠐ ꠨ ꠇꠥꠝ꠆ꠙꠣꠘꠤ ꠡꠦꠀꠞ ꠇꠞꠣ ꠎꠣꠁꠔꠘꠣꠄ # ꠃꠁꠇꠤꠝꠤꠒꠤꠀ ꠟꠂꠀ ꠈꠛꠞ ꠛꠣꠞꠂꠟꠦꠅ ꠄꠒ ꠀꠟꠣ ꠇꠥꠘꠥ ꠈꠛꠞꠞ ꠟꠤꠋꠇ ꠡꠦꠀꠞ ꠖꠦꠅꠀ ꠎꠣꠁꠔꠘꠣꠄ # ꠙꠚꠦꠡꠘꠣꠟꠤ ꠌꠣꠟꠣꠁꠔꠦ ꠅꠁꠛꠅ - ꠎꠦꠝꠟꠣ ꠇꠥꠝ꠆ꠙꠣꠘꠤꠞ ꠘꠤꠔꠤ ꠝꠣꠘꠤꠀ ꠙꠦꠁꠎ ꠌꠣꠟꠣꠁꠟꠦ ꠇꠤꠔꠣ ꠇꠂꠘ ꠎꠦ "ꠁꠘ꠆ꠛꠇ꠆ꠍ ꠅ ꠎꠥꠉꠣꠎꠥꠉ ꠇꠞꠂꠘ" ꠄꠝꠟꠣ ꠇꠦꠃ ꠇꠥꠘ꠆ꠔꠣ ꠎꠤꠇꠣꠁꠟꠦ ꠙꠚꠦꠡꠘꠣꠟꠤ ꠃꠔ꠆ꠔꠞ ꠖꠦꠅꠀ ꠨ ꠎꠦꠇꠥꠘꠥ ꠎꠤꠘꠤꠡ ꠎꠣꠘ꠆ꠔꠦ ꠍꠤꠟꠐꠤ ꠃꠁꠇꠤꠙꠤꠒꠤꠀꠞ ꠘꠤꠔꠤꠝꠣꠟꠣ ꠙꠣꠔꠣꠁꠘ꠆ꠔ ꠀꠞ꠆ꠘꠣꠄ ꠎꠥꠉꠣꠎꠥꠉꠞ ꠙꠣꠔꠣꠁꠘ꠆ꠔꠞ ꠟꠤꠋꠇ ꠖꠦꠅꠀ ꠨ ꠘꠤꠎꠕꠘꠦ ꠝꠘ꠆ꠉꠠꠣ ꠇꠥꠘꠥ ꠃꠔ꠆ꠔꠞ ꠘꠣ ꠖꠦꠅꠀ # ꠛꠣꠞꠣꠕꠘꠦ ꠀꠞ ꠡꠝꠣꠎꠤꠇ ꠎꠥꠉꠣꠎꠥꠉꠞ ꠝꠣꠁꠗ꠆ꠗꠝꠕꠘꠦ ꠇꠥꠘꠥ ꠅꠜꠤꠎꠥꠉ ꠘꠦꠅꠀ ꠅꠄ ꠘꠣ ꠨ ꠅꠔꠣꠞꠖꠣꠄ ꠇꠥꠘ꠆ꠔꠣ ꠇꠂꠔꠦ ꠌꠣꠁꠟꠦ ꠃꠁꠇꠤꠔ ꠀꠁꠀ ꠝꠣꠔꠇꠕꠣ (ꠀꠟꠥꠌꠘꠣ) ꠙꠣꠔꠣꠔ ꠟꠦꠈꠤꠀ ꠎꠣꠘꠣꠁꠔꠦ ꠅꠁꠛꠅ # ꠢꠥꠞꠥ ꠟꠤꠋꠇꠞ( Short url) ꠝꠣꠁꠗ꠆ꠗꠝꠦ ꠜꠣꠁꠞꠣꠍ ꠍꠤꠔ꠆ꠞꠣꠁꠔ ꠙꠣꠞꠦ ꠄꠞꠖꠣꠄ ꠍꠣꠚ (clean URL) ꠎꠦꠝꠟꠣ https://incubator.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wb/syl/ (ꠙꠣꠔꠣꠞ_ꠘꠣꠝ) ꠖꠤꠔꠣ ꠙꠣꠞꠂꠘ # ꠍꠛꠤꠘ ꠈꠣꠟꠤ ꠃꠁꠇꠤꠇꠝꠘꠍꠞ ꠝꠣꠉ꠆ꠘꠣ ꠍꠛꠤꠘ ꠛꠦꠛꠀꠞ ꠇꠞꠣ ꠟꠣꠉ꠆ꠛꠅ # ꠝꠘꠔ ꠇꠞ꠆ꠛꠣ ꠙꠔ꠆ꠔꠦꠇ꠆ꠐꠣ ꠙꠥꠡ꠆ꠐ ꠄꠇ ꠄꠇ ꠐꠣ ꠞꠤꠒꠣꠄꠞꠦꠇ꠆ꠐ * ꠙꠣꠔꠣꠞ ꠘꠣꠝ ꠪ (ꠕꠥꠞꠣꠕꠥꠞꠤ ꠇꠄꠇ ꠟꠣꠁꠘ ...) * ꠟꠤꠋꠇ (ꠟꠉ) * ꠄꠉꠥ ꠍꠛꠤ ==ꠎꠥꠉ ꠇꠞꠣꠞ ꠙꠍ꠆ꠔꠣꠛ/ꠌꠣꠟ꠆ꠟꠣ== ꠁꠘꠇꠤꠃꠛꠦꠐꠞ ꠅ ꠇꠥꠘꠥ ꠙꠎꠦꠇ꠆ꠐ ꠅ ꠐꠣꠘꠣ ꠔꠤꠘ ꠝꠣꠡ ꠑꠤꠇ ꠑꠣꠇ ꠝꠔꠘ ꠅꠛꠖꠣꠘ ꠞꠣꠈꠟꠦ ꠅꠃ ꠙꠎꠦꠇ꠆ꠐ ꠅ ꠀꠙ꠆ꠘꠦꠅ ꠎꠦꠇꠥꠘꠥ ꠎꠥꠉꠣꠎꠥꠉꠞ ꠝꠣꠁꠗ꠆ꠗꠝꠅ ꠇꠥꠘꠥ ꠙꠣꠔꠣ ꠌꠣꠟꠣꠘꠤꠞ ꠀꠞ ꠅꠈꠣꠘꠅ ꠡꠋꠎꠥꠉ ꠖꠤꠛꠣꠞ ꠙꠍ꠆ꠔꠣꠛ ꠞꠣꠈꠔꠣ ꠙꠣꠞ꠆ꠛꠣ ==ꠛꠣꠔꠤꠟ ꠇꠞꠣꠞ ꠙꠍ꠆ꠔꠣꠛ/ꠌꠣꠟ꠆ꠟꠣ== [[Wb/syl/ꠃꠁꠇꠤꠙꠤꠒꠤꠀ:ꠡꠝꠣꠎꠤꠇ ꠝꠣꠁꠗ꠆ꠗꠝ#ꠘꠤꠅꠝ ꠇꠣꠘꠥꠘ|ꠘꠤꠅꠝ ꠇꠣꠘꠥꠘ]] ꠘꠣ ꠝꠣꠘ꠆ꠟꠦ ꠁꠘꠞ ꠟꠤꠡ꠆ꠐꠤꠕꠘꠦ ꠀꠙ꠆ꠌꠦ ꠛꠣꠔꠤꠟ ꠅꠁꠎꠤꠛꠅ ꠨ ꠀꠞ ꠇꠥꠘꠥ ꠙꠣꠔꠣ ꠟꠂꠀ ꠀꠙꠔ꠆ꠔꠤ ꠕꠣꠇ꠆ꠟꠦ ꠘꠤꠌꠦ ꠟꠦꠈꠤꠀ ꠎꠣꠘꠣꠁꠛꠣ ꠨ <!-- ꠀꠞ ꠇꠥꠘꠥ ꠀꠙꠔ꠆ꠔꠤ ꠕꠣꠇ꠆ꠟꠦ ꠅꠈꠣꠘꠞ ꠔꠟꠦꠖꠤ ꠟꠦꠈꠤꠀ ꠎꠣꠘꠣꠁꠛꠣ --> ==ꠡꠝꠣꠎꠤꠇ ꠝꠣꠁꠗ꠆ꠗꠝꠞ ꠟꠤꠡ꠆ꠐꠤ== (ꠘꠥꠐꠤꠡ ꠪ ꠁ ꠟꠤꠡ꠆ꠐ ꠅ ꠘꠣꠄ ꠄꠝꠘ ꠇꠥꠘꠥ ꠙꠣꠔꠣꠁꠘ꠆ꠔꠞ ꠖꠣꠄ ꠖꠣꠁꠔ꠆ꠔ‌ ꠘꠦꠅꠀ ꠅꠄ ꠘꠣ ꠨ ꠁꠈꠣꠘꠅ ꠃꠙꠞꠞ ꠘꠤꠔꠤꠝꠣꠟꠣ ꠝꠣꠘꠤꠀ ꠇꠥꠘꠥ ꠡꠝꠣꠎꠤꠇ ꠝꠣꠁꠗ꠆ꠗꠝꠞ ꠙꠣꠔꠣꠞ ꠟꠉꠦ ꠡꠋꠎꠥꠇ꠆ꠔ ꠇꠞ꠆ꠔꠦ ꠌꠣꠁꠟꠦ ꠛꠦꠛꠀꠞ ꠇꠞ꠆ꠞꠣꠞ ꠖꠍ꠆ꠉꠔ <nowiki>--~~~~</nowiki> ꠖꠤꠛꠣ) # {{Wb/syl/1}} # {{Wb/syl/2}} # {{Wb/syl/3}} ==ꠀꠞꠅ ꠖꠦꠈꠂꠘ== * [[:id:Wikipedia:Halaman Facebook resmi Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia|ꠁꠘ꠆ꠖꠥꠘꠦꠡꠤꠀꠞ ꠃꠁꠇꠤꠙꠤꠒꠤꠀꠞ ꠘꠤꠅꠝ ꠇꠣꠘꠥꠘ]] * [[:bn:উইকিপিডিয়া:সামাজিক যোগাযোগ|ꠛꠣꠋꠟꠣ ꠃꠁꠇꠤꠙꠤꠒꠤꠀꠞ ꠘꠤꠅꠝ ꠇꠣꠘꠥꠘ]] * [[m:Social media|ꠝꠦꠐꠣꠞ ꠡꠣꠝꠣꠎꠤꠇ ꠝꠣꠁꠗ꠆ꠗꠝ]] == ꠀꠞ꠆ꠔꠣꠔ == * [[:w:syl:ꠃꠁꠇꠤꠙꠤꠒꠤꠀ:ꠡꠝꠣꠎꠤꠇ ꠝꠣꠁꠗ꠆ꠗꠝ]] * [[Wt/syl/ꠃꠁꠇꠤꠡꠛ꠆ꠖꠣꠁꠘ:ꠡꠝꠣꠎꠤꠇ ꠝꠣꠁꠗ꠆ꠗꠝ]] * [[Wb/syl/ꠃꠁꠇꠤꠛꠁꠀꠁꠘ:ꠡꠝꠣꠎꠤꠇ ꠝꠣꠁꠗ꠆ꠗꠝ|ꠃꠁꠇꠤꠛꠁꠀꠁꠘ:ꠡꠝꠣꠎꠤꠇ ꠝꠣꠁꠗ꠆ꠗꠝ]] * [[Wn/syl/ꠃꠁꠇꠤꠈꠛꠞ:ꠡꠝꠣꠎꠤꠇ ꠝꠣꠁꠗ꠆ꠗꠝ]] * [[Wq/syl/ꠃꠁꠇꠤꠒꠣꠇ:ꠡꠝꠣꠎꠤꠇ ꠝꠣꠁꠗ꠆ꠗꠝ]] * [[Wy/syl/ꠃꠁꠇꠤꠍꠚꠞ:ꠡꠝꠣꠎꠤꠇ ꠝꠣꠁꠗ꠆ꠗꠝ]] * [[oldwikisource:Ws/syl/ꠃꠁꠇꠤꠟꠇ:ꠡꠝꠣꠎꠤꠇ ꠝꠣꠁꠗ꠆ꠗꠝ]] * [[betawikiversity:Wv/syl/ꠃꠁꠇꠤꠙꠤꠡ꠆ꠡꠣꠟꠣ:ꠡꠝꠣꠎꠤꠇ ꠝꠣꠁꠗ꠆ꠗꠝ]] [[Category:Wb/syl]] {{INTERWIKI|Q20894394}} k3kw2z7mfzhu87vdygc8lv20ki6ibf4 0 3439148 7256375 6739767 2026-07-20T09:49:59Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256375 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Faransa''' a hukumance Jamhurriyar Faransa, ƙasa ce da ke Nahiyar Turai... == Zantuka == * Faransa tayi fice a kowanne fannin fasaha, ba a girma ba. ** Matthew Arnold, ''The Strayed Reveller, and Other Poems'', "To a Republican Friend" (c. Maris, shekarar 1848). * Mutanen Faransa suna da wayau fiye da yadda suke, su kuma mutanen Spanish suna Kama da masu wayau fiye da yadda suke zahiri. ** Francis Bacon, "Of Seeming Wise", in ''Essays'' (a shekarar 1625); Brian Vickers (ed.) ''The Major Works'' (Oxford: Oxford University Press, shekarar 2002) p. 389. [[Category:Wq/ha]] mevl8eth23lh6hrpix0a89tysvorbpt 3 3459448 7255870 7233784 2026-07-19T20:47:22Z MediaWiki message delivery 633333 /* Gentle Reminder: Kindly submit your Organizer Feedback for Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 */ new section 7255870 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float=right }} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]]. </div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 13:36, 4 December 2023 (UTC) == Share your Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 journey! == Dear Organizer, On behalf of the Wiki Loves Ramadan International Team, I want to send a massive thank you for your leadership and hard work during the 2026 campaign. Organizing local events, coordinating juries, and tracking metrics takes a lot of effort, and your dedication has been vital to bridging the knowledge gap regarding Islamic heritage and traditions. As we wrap up this year's campaign, we would love to hear how things went in your community. We have put together the Organizer Feedback Form to capture your successes, challenges, and metrics. * '''Link to form''': https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfDsuYSv2S4RCQuwAO9MlykJwgPIy-l9ENTr7I_GxpfVuo2TA/viewform * '''Deadline''': 31 July 2026 Thank you again for championing this campaign. We couldn't do this without you. Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:12, 29 June 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:ZI_Jony/MassMessage/WLR/List/2026/Organizers&oldid=30750499 --> == Thank you for joining Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026! == Dear Participant, Thank you so much for participating in the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 campaign! Whether you were writing articles or uploading photos to Wikimedia Commons, your contributions have helped share beautiful traditions, Islamic history, and cultural heritage with the rest of the world. We want to make sure next year's campaign is even better, and we need your help to do it! We would love it if you could take 3–5 minutes to fill out our quick '''Participant Feedback Form'''. * '''Link to form''': https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScw_bPHsVzpby50jc2_syJD5-mS9scnRL5BLv9UXH2tK3Mr8w/viewform Thank you again for sharing your knowledge and creativity with the Wikimedia movement. Keep an eye on your talk page and our social media for the final winner announcements soon! Happy editing, Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:13, 29 June 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:ZI_Jony/MassMessage/WLR/List/2026/Participants&oldid=30750498 --> == Gentle Reminder: Kindly submit your Organizer Feedback for Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 == Dear Organizer, Hope you are doing well and keeping safe. We are reaching out to express our heartfelt gratitude for your relentless efforts and dedication in organizing Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 in your local community. Organizing campaigns takes a lot of hard work, and your leadership has truly made a wonderful impact in bridging the knowledge gap regarding Islamic history and culture. As we are wrapping up this year’s activities, we kindly remind you to share your local campaign report and experience with us. If you haven't done so already, please take a few minutes to fill out the Organizer Feedback Form. * '''Link to form''': https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfDsuYSv2S4RCQuwAO9MlykJwgPIy-l9ENTr7I_GxpfVuo2TA/viewform * '''Deadline''': 31 July 2026 Your feedback is incredibly valuable to us. It will not only help us prepare our global impact report but also guide us in securing better resources and funding for organizers like you in the upcoming years. (You will also find a small section inside the form to provide your local language translations for the 2027 campaign banners!). Thank you so much for being a pillar of this campaign. Together, we can make the 2027 edition even more successful! Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:47, 19 July 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:ZI_Jony/MassMessage/WLR/List/2026/Organizers&oldid=30750499 --> gczbicmz60ls1n3ng95aw225qge6gje 0 3462231 7256399 6425435 2026-07-20T09:58:10Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256399 wikitext text/x-wiki "Mace mai ƙarfi Mace ce da ta ƙuduri aniyar yin wani abu da wasu suka kuduri aniyar ba za a yi ba." -Marge Pierc, [[Category:Wq/ha]] 47u8hhvvla7gxazbbj2hoch5zas99tn 0 3464021 7255895 6181592 2026-07-19T21:09:53Z Revibot 1236611 Bot: Fixing double redirect from [[Wt/kge/Garang Halaman]] to [[Wt/kge/Wikikamus:Garang]] 7255895 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Wt/kge/Wikikamus:Garang]] 4t8n7oq7u5odp4j87rtnpbvjkaydc35 0 3473384 7256439 6830831 2026-07-20T10:40:05Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256439 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fatima Hussain''' Fatima Hussain wacce aka fi sani da Maryam a cikin shirin Labarina sabuwar ‘yar wasan kwaikwayoa masana'artan Kannywood, Ta shara ne a cikin Shirin Mai dogon zango wato labarina, Kuma ta cikiga ba fitowa a cikin wasu shahararrun shirye shiryen. == Zantuka == [[Category:Wq/ha]] in8f1cv87e5abjc165dlsjk4y2rzpaa 0 3473453 7256423 7046684 2026-07-20T10:32:10Z Shayi ngolu 2566594 7256423 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Sarah Bernhardt by Paul Nadar (crop).jpg|197px|right]] '''Sarah Bernhardt''' (Paris,ngondu wa dikumi 1844 - Paris,26 ngondu mwisatu 1923) udi mukaji wa mu ditunga dia [[Wp/lua/Falansa|Mfwàlànsa.]] Udi muangatshibue bu umue wa ku bakaji ba mu France banene ba mu bidimu bia 1800 ne ku ntuadijilu kua bidimu bia 1900. Udi mubikila kudi Victor Hugo ne: "Dîyi dia ngolu," kadi kudi bakuabu kabidi ne: "Mukalenge mukaji" anyi mene "Mukalenga mukaji wa nzubu wa manaya," udi umueneka bu umue wa ku bafundi ba malu a kanyinganyinga banene ba mu France ba mu bidimu ebi bia 1800. "Mutôtu" wa kumpala wa pa buloba bujima, uvua muenji wa manaya wa kumpala uvua muenze ngendu ya ditshimuna mu matunga atanu, ne Jean Cocteau wakamufundila tshiambilu tshia "tshintu tshia tshijila". Sarah Bernhardt uvua muledibue mu dia matuku 22 ngondo wa dikumi mu 1844, mu Paris, ku nzubu kua muledi Charlotte Clémence Collé, uvua mu 5 Place de l'École-de-Médecine (tshivua kumpala tshitupa tshia 11), muaba uvua mujimine ku ndekelu kua bidimu bia 1900 ne dibaka dia École-de-Médecine de Médecine. Mamuende, Judith-Julie Van Hard[n 1] (1821-1876), uvuabu babikila ne: "Youle" (mu tshiena-Allemand tshia Julie), uvua nsongakaji muena Yuda wa mu tshimenga tshia Amsterdam, muana wa muena Pays-Bas uvua wenza ngendu mupanyi wa bintu bia manaya ne mamuende muena Allemagne; wakanji kuenza mudimu wa dienza bilamba mu Le Havre, pashishe kuluaye muena mudimu wa bakaji mu Paris, ndekelu wa bionso wakangata dîna dia Julie Bernhardt. Tatu wandi, Édouard Viel (1819-1857), uvua mumanyi wa mikenji wa mu Le Havre, muntu muimpe kumona ne muena tshinyangu munene. Bakamuela mu buloko mu 1855 bua dishima dia makuta ne wakafua matuku makese pashishe mu Pisa. Bu muvua Sarah usokoka misangu yonso bumuntu bua tatuende, bantu kabavua bamanye bualu ebu mutantshi mule to. Nansha mudi bamue ba kamona kamba ba matuku etu aa bakula bua "V muimpe kumona." anyi udi ufila lungenyi lua ndelanganyi ya bena Norman. Bimanyinu ebi biakambuluisha bua kujadika bimpe menemene ntuadijilu wa muenji wa manaya mu 2022 ku diambuluisha dia dipeta dia mukanda wa diledibua wa mu 1857, mukanda uvua mamuende mumulombe pa lufu lua Édouard, ne ditekemena dia kupeta bumpianyi bua muanende wa bakaji. Bu muvuabi kabiyi bimanyike bua dibutuka dia mikanda ya maàlu a tshidiîdi mu 1871, dituku dia diledibua dia Sarah Bernhardt divua dikokangana mutantshi mule ne bavua mene bateka mu tshilema mu dia matuku 25 ngondo wa dikumi 1844, pa tshimanyinu tshia tshivulukilu tshivuabu balamike ku Rue de l'École-de-Médecine. Mêna makuabu adibu batele adi bu mudi Rue Saint-Honoré—ku 32 anyi 265—anyi 22 Njila wa Michodière ==Mianda ya moyì wa muntu== [[File:SarahBernhardt1880.jpg|thumb|Sarah Bernhardt|197px|right]] Muledjibua ne djîna dia Henriette-Marie-Sarah Bernardt mu tshimenga tshia Paris. ==Mafundu== * Dans les nuages - Impressions d'une chaise, éd. Charpentier, Paris, 1878 * L'Aveu, drame en un acte en prose, 1888 * Adrienne Lecouvreur, drame en six actes, 1907 [[Category:Wp/lua]] [[Category:Wp/lua/Mìanda ya moyì wa muntu]] {{INTERWIKI|Q4605}} orxnpbueueblazjx9c9doflf800tu4e 7256424 7256423 2026-07-20T10:34:21Z Shayi ngolu 2566594 correction des article lua 7256424 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Sarah Bernhardt by Paul Nadar (crop).jpg|197px|right]] '''Sarah Bernhardt''' (Paris,ngondu wa dikumi 1844 - Paris,26 ngondu mwisatu 1923) udi mukaji wa mu ditunga dia [[Wp/lua/France|Mfwàlànsa.]] Udi muangatshibue bu umue wa ku bakaji ba mu France banene ba mu bidimu bia 1800 ne ku ntuadijilu kua bidimu bia 1900. Udi mubikila kudi Victor Hugo ne: "Dîyi dia ngolu," kadi kudi bakuabu kabidi ne: "Mukalenge mukaji" anyi mene "Mukalenga mukaji wa nzubu wa manaya," udi umueneka bu umue wa ku bafundi ba malu a kanyinganyinga banene ba mu France ba mu bidimu ebi bia 1800. "Mutôtu" wa kumpala wa pa buloba bujima, uvua muenji wa manaya wa kumpala uvua muenze ngendu ya ditshimuna mu matunga atanu, ne Jean Cocteau wakamufundila tshiambilu tshia "tshintu tshia tshijila". Sarah Bernhardt uvua muledibue mu dia matuku 22 ngondo wa dikumi mu 1844, mu Paris, ku nzubu kua muledi Charlotte Clémence Collé, uvua mu 5 Place de l'École-de-Médecine (tshivua kumpala tshitupa tshia 11), muaba uvua mujimine ku ndekelu kua bidimu bia 1900 ne dibaka dia École-de-Médecine de Médecine. Mamuende, Judith-Julie Van Hard[n 1] (1821-1876), uvuabu babikila ne: "Youle" (mu tshiena-Allemand tshia Julie), uvua nsongakaji muena Yuda wa mu tshimenga tshia Amsterdam, muana wa muena Pays-Bas uvua wenza ngendu mupanyi wa bintu bia manaya ne mamuende muena Allemagne; wakanji kuenza mudimu wa dienza bilamba mu Le Havre, pashishe kuluaye muena mudimu wa bakaji mu Paris, ndekelu wa bionso wakangata dîna dia Julie Bernhardt. Tatu wandi, Édouard Viel (1819-1857), uvua mumanyi wa mikenji wa mu Le Havre, muntu muimpe kumona ne muena tshinyangu munene. Bakamuela mu buloko mu 1855 bua dishima dia makuta ne wakafua matuku makese pashishe mu Pisa. Bu muvua Sarah usokoka misangu yonso bumuntu bua tatuende, bantu kabavua bamanye bualu ebu mutantshi mule to. Nansha mudi bamue ba kamona kamba ba matuku etu aa bakula bua "V muimpe kumona." anyi udi ufila lungenyi lua ndelanganyi ya bena Norman. Bimanyinu ebi biakambuluisha bua kujadika bimpe menemene ntuadijilu wa muenji wa manaya mu 2022 ku diambuluisha dia dipeta dia mukanda wa diledibua wa mu 1857, mukanda uvua mamuende mumulombe pa lufu lua Édouard, ne ditekemena dia kupeta bumpianyi bua muanende wa bakaji. Bu muvuabi kabiyi bimanyike bua dibutuka dia mikanda ya maàlu a tshidiîdi mu 1871, dituku dia diledibua dia Sarah Bernhardt divua dikokangana mutantshi mule ne bavua mene bateka mu tshilema mu dia matuku 25 ngondo wa dikumi 1844, pa tshimanyinu tshia tshivulukilu tshivuabu balamike ku Rue de l'École-de-Médecine. Mêna makuabu adibu batele adi bu mudi Rue Saint-Honoré—ku 32 anyi 265—anyi 22 Njila wa Michodière ==Mianda ya moyì wa muntu== [[File:SarahBernhardt1880.jpg|thumb|Sarah Bernhardt|197px|right]] Muledjibua ne djîna dia Henriette-Marie-Sarah Bernardt mu tshimenga tshia Paris. ==Mafundu== * Dans les nuages - Impressions d'une chaise, éd. Charpentier, Paris, 1878 * L'Aveu, drame en un acte en prose, 1888 * Adrienne Lecouvreur, drame en six actes, 1907 [[Category:Wp/lua]] [[Category:Wp/lua/Mìanda ya moyì wa muntu]] {{INTERWIKI|Q4605}} 23z12ab9e13ceurxfy7nc53vhmjudfn 7256529 7256424 2026-07-20T11:54:18Z Shayi ngolu 2566594 7256529 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Sarah Bernhardt by Paul Nadar (crop).jpg|197px|right]] '''Sarah Bernhardt''' ([[Wp/lua/Paris|Paris]],ngondu wa dikumi 1844 - Paris,26 ngondu mwisatu 1923) udi mukaji wa mu ditunga dia [[Wp/lua/France|Mfwàlànsa.]] Udi muangatshibue bu umue wa ku bakaji ba mu France banene ba mu bidimu bia 1800 ne ku ntuadijilu kua bidimu bia 1900. Udi mubikila kudi Victor Hugo ne: "Dîyi dia ngolu," kadi kudi bakuabu kabidi ne: "Mukalenge mukaji" anyi mene "Mukalenga mukaji wa nzubu wa manaya," udi umueneka bu umue wa ku bafundi ba malu a kanyinganyinga banene ba mu France ba mu bidimu ebi bia 1800. "Mutôtu" wa kumpala wa pa buloba bujima, uvua muenji wa manaya wa kumpala uvua muenze ngendu ya ditshimuna mu matunga atanu, ne Jean Cocteau wakamufundila tshiambilu tshia "tshintu tshia tshijila". Sarah Bernhardt uvua muledibue mu dia matuku 22 ngondo wa dikumi mu 1844, mu Paris, ku nzubu kua muledi Charlotte Clémence Collé, uvua mu 5 Place de l'École-de-Médecine (tshivua kumpala tshitupa tshia 11), muaba uvua mujimine ku ndekelu kua bidimu bia 1900 ne dibaka dia École-de-Médecine de Médecine. Mamuende, Judith-Julie Van Hard[n 1] (1821-1876), uvuabu babikila ne: "Youle" (mu tshiena-Allemand tshia Julie), uvua nsongakaji muena Yuda wa mu tshimenga tshia Amsterdam, muana wa muena Pays-Bas uvua wenza ngendu mupanyi wa bintu bia manaya ne mamuende muena Allemagne; wakanji kuenza mudimu wa dienza bilamba mu Le Havre, pashishe kuluaye muena mudimu wa bakaji mu Paris, ndekelu wa bionso wakangata dîna dia Julie Bernhardt. Tatu wandi, Édouard Viel (1819-1857), uvua mumanyi wa mikenji wa mu Le Havre, muntu muimpe kumona ne muena tshinyangu munene. Bakamuela mu buloko mu 1855 bua dishima dia makuta ne wakafua matuku makese pashishe mu Pisa. Bu muvua Sarah usokoka misangu yonso bumuntu bua tatuende, bantu kabavua bamanye bualu ebu mutantshi mule to. Nansha mudi bamue ba kamona kamba ba matuku etu aa bakula bua "V muimpe kumona." anyi udi ufila lungenyi lua ndelanganyi ya bena Norman. Bimanyinu ebi biakambuluisha bua kujadika bimpe menemene ntuadijilu wa muenji wa manaya mu 2022 ku diambuluisha dia dipeta dia mukanda wa diledibua wa mu 1857, mukanda uvua mamuende mumulombe pa lufu lua Édouard, ne ditekemena dia kupeta bumpianyi bua muanende wa bakaji. Bu muvuabi kabiyi bimanyike bua dibutuka dia mikanda ya maàlu a tshidiîdi mu 1871, dituku dia diledibua dia Sarah Bernhardt divua dikokangana mutantshi mule ne bavua mene bateka mu tshilema mu dia matuku 25 ngondo wa dikumi 1844, pa tshimanyinu tshia tshivulukilu tshivuabu balamike ku Rue de l'École-de-Médecine. Mêna makuabu adibu batele adi bu mudi Rue Saint-Honoré—ku 32 anyi 265—anyi 22 Njila wa Michodière ==Mianda ya moyì wa muntu== [[File:SarahBernhardt1880.jpg|thumb|Sarah Bernhardt|197px|right]] Muledjibua ne djîna dia Henriette-Marie-Sarah Bernardt mu tshimenga tshia Paris. ==Mafundu== * Dans les nuages - Impressions d'une chaise, éd. Charpentier, Paris, 1878 * L'Aveu, drame en un acte en prose, 1888 * Adrienne Lecouvreur, drame en six actes, 1907 [[Category:Wp/lua]] [[Category:Wp/lua/Mìanda ya moyì wa muntu]] {{INTERWIKI|Q4605}} aeukng3jwc8260euimpo6d4lle9bk3v 7256533 7256529 2026-07-20T11:55:04Z Shayi ngolu 2566594 7256533 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Sarah Bernhardt by Paul Nadar (crop).jpg|197px|right]] '''Sarah Bernhardt''' ([[Wp/lua/Paris|Paris]],ngondu wa dikumi 1844 - Paris,26 ngondu mwisatu 1923) udi [[Wp/lua/Mukaji|mukaji]] wa mu ditunga dia [[Wp/lua/France|Mfwàlànsa.]] Udi muangatshibue bu umue wa ku bakaji ba mu France banene ba mu bidimu bia 1800 ne ku ntuadijilu kua bidimu bia 1900. Udi mubikila kudi Victor Hugo ne: "Dîyi dia ngolu," kadi kudi bakuabu kabidi ne: "Mukalenge mukaji" anyi mene "Mukalenga mukaji wa nzubu wa manaya," udi umueneka bu umue wa ku bafundi ba malu a kanyinganyinga banene ba mu France ba mu bidimu ebi bia 1800. "Mutôtu" wa kumpala wa pa buloba bujima, uvua muenji wa manaya wa kumpala uvua muenze ngendu ya ditshimuna mu matunga atanu, ne Jean Cocteau wakamufundila tshiambilu tshia "tshintu tshia tshijila". Sarah Bernhardt uvua muledibue mu dia matuku 22 ngondo wa dikumi mu 1844, mu Paris, ku nzubu kua muledi Charlotte Clémence Collé, uvua mu 5 Place de l'École-de-Médecine (tshivua kumpala tshitupa tshia 11), muaba uvua mujimine ku ndekelu kua bidimu bia 1900 ne dibaka dia École-de-Médecine de Médecine. Mamuende, Judith-Julie Van Hard[n 1] (1821-1876), uvuabu babikila ne: "Youle" (mu tshiena-Allemand tshia Julie), uvua nsongakaji muena Yuda wa mu tshimenga tshia Amsterdam, muana wa muena Pays-Bas uvua wenza ngendu mupanyi wa bintu bia manaya ne mamuende muena Allemagne; wakanji kuenza mudimu wa dienza bilamba mu Le Havre, pashishe kuluaye muena mudimu wa bakaji mu Paris, ndekelu wa bionso wakangata dîna dia Julie Bernhardt. Tatu wandi, Édouard Viel (1819-1857), uvua mumanyi wa mikenji wa mu Le Havre, muntu muimpe kumona ne muena tshinyangu munene. Bakamuela mu buloko mu 1855 bua dishima dia makuta ne wakafua matuku makese pashishe mu Pisa. Bu muvua Sarah usokoka misangu yonso bumuntu bua tatuende, bantu kabavua bamanye bualu ebu mutantshi mule to. Nansha mudi bamue ba kamona kamba ba matuku etu aa bakula bua "V muimpe kumona." anyi udi ufila lungenyi lua ndelanganyi ya bena Norman. Bimanyinu ebi biakambuluisha bua kujadika bimpe menemene ntuadijilu wa muenji wa manaya mu 2022 ku diambuluisha dia dipeta dia mukanda wa diledibua wa mu 1857, mukanda uvua mamuende mumulombe pa lufu lua Édouard, ne ditekemena dia kupeta bumpianyi bua muanende wa bakaji. Bu muvuabi kabiyi bimanyike bua dibutuka dia mikanda ya maàlu a tshidiîdi mu 1871, dituku dia diledibua dia Sarah Bernhardt divua dikokangana mutantshi mule ne bavua mene bateka mu tshilema mu dia matuku 25 ngondo wa dikumi 1844, pa tshimanyinu tshia tshivulukilu tshivuabu balamike ku Rue de l'École-de-Médecine. Mêna makuabu adibu batele adi bu mudi Rue Saint-Honoré—ku 32 anyi 265—anyi 22 Njila wa Michodière ==Mianda ya moyì wa muntu== [[File:SarahBernhardt1880.jpg|thumb|Sarah Bernhardt|197px|right]] Muledjibua ne djîna dia Henriette-Marie-Sarah Bernardt mu tshimenga tshia Paris. ==Mafundu== * Dans les nuages - Impressions d'une chaise, éd. Charpentier, Paris, 1878 * L'Aveu, drame en un acte en prose, 1888 * Adrienne Lecouvreur, drame en six actes, 1907 [[Category:Wp/lua]] [[Category:Wp/lua/Mìanda ya moyì wa muntu]] {{INTERWIKI|Q4605}} lw1gwq4qcvovibto1u5co9bt2exttdq 0 3474437 7256484 6359145 2026-07-20T10:56:25Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256484 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Fawzia Koofi MP, Afghanistan (6923077621).jpg|thumb|Fawzia Koofi]] '''Fawzia Koofi''' (Farasiya: فوزیه کوفی; an haife ta a shekara ta 1975) 'yar siyasar Afghanistan ce kuma mai fafutukar kare hakkin mata. Asali daga lardin Badakhshan take, Koofi ta kasance mamba a kwanan baya a cikin tawagar Afghanistan da ke tattaunawa da Taliban a Doha Qatar. Tsohuwar 'yar majalisa ce a Kabul kuma ta kasance mataimakiyar shugaban majalisar dokokin ƙasar. == Zantuka == *[[File:Fauzia Koofi of Afghanistan in 2011.jpg|thumb|Fawzia Koofi]]A cikin wasiƙar da ta rubuta zuwa ga mahaifiyarta, Koofi ta rubuta: “Na koya daga gare ku cewa ilimin karatu kaɗai bai isa yayi renon yara nagari ba, amma hankali, haƙuri… da sadaukarwa. Wannan shi ne misalin matan Afganistan, mata irinku waɗanda za su yi tafiya mai nisa da komai a ciki don tabbatar da cewa yaranku sun isa makaranta.” *A ra'ayinta, yin magana da Taliban game da sulhu kuskure ne, "wani gyaran gaggawane na gajeren lokaci wanda ba zai yi wani abu ba don magance matsalolin duniya." Ta shawarci ’ya’yanta mata da kada su ji tsoron wani abu idan har ba za ta koma gida wata rana ba: “Ina rayuwa ne domin ku—’yan mata masu daraja—za ku sami ’yanci ku yi rayuwarku kuma ku yi mafarkin dukan mafarkinku." [[Category:Wq/ha]] hxykbbj9i8xmqovry6b1i1mqe0u7wl7 0 3476521 7256457 6421442 2026-07-20T10:47:04Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256457 wikitext text/x-wiki [[W:Fatou Bom Bensouda|'''Fatou Bom Bensouda''']] (/fɑːˈtuː bɛnˈsoʊdə/; née Nyang; an haife shi 31 ga watan Janairu, shekara ta 1961) [[w:Gambiya|Gambiya]] lauya ce Babbar jami'a [[Wq/ha/Mai gabatar da kara|mai gabatar da kara]] (ICC) tun daga watan Yunin shekarar 2012, bayan ta yi aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar mai gabatar da ƙara mai kula da sashin gabatar da kara na ICC tun shekara ta 2004 kuma ya kasance ministan shari'a na Gambia. [[File:Fatou Bensouda.jpg|thumb|Fatou Bensouda, 2008]] == Zantuka == *A yau, ina kuma sanar da cewa, biyo bayan cikakken, mai zaman kansa da kuma haƙiƙan kima na duk ingantattun bayanai da ke da ofishina, jarrabawar farko a cikin [[Wq/ha/Palestine|Palestine]] ta ƙare tare da ƙudurin cewa duk ƙa'idodin doka a ƙarƙashin [[w] :Rome Statute na International Criminal Court|Rome Statute]] don bude wani bincike da aka cika.<BR>Na gamsu da cewa akwai dalili mai ma'ana don ci gaba da bincike kan halin da Falasdinu ke ciki... A takaice dai, na gamsu da cewa (i) [[Wq/ha/Laifukan yaki |laifukan yaki ]] an yi ko kuma ake aikatawa a kasashen Yamma. Bankin, ciki har da Gabashin Kudus, da Zirin Gaza ("Gaza")...;(ii) yuwuwar lamuran da suka taso daga halin da ake ciki za a yarda; da (iii) babu wasu ƙwararrun dalilai na gaskata cewa bincike ba zai yi amfani da [[adalci] ba].[https://www.icc-cpi.int/Pages/item.aspx?name=20191220-otp-statement-palestine Sanarwa na mai gabatar da kara na kotun ICC, Fatou Bensouda, kan kammala jarrabawar farko na halin da ake ciki a Falasdinu. , da kuma neman hukunci kan iyakar hurumin kotuna] (20, ga watan Disamba, shekara ta 2019)*Ni, tare da Ofishina, muna aiwatar da aikinmu a ƙarƙashin [[w: Dokar Roma ta Kotun Hukunta Manyan Laifukan Duniya | Dokokin Roma]] tare da matuƙar 'yancin kai, haƙiƙa, gaskiya da amincin ƙwararru.Za mu ci gaba da cika alhakinmu kamar yadda Dokar Roma ta buƙata ba tare da tsoro ko tagomashi ba. **An nakalto a cikin [https://www.timesofisrael.com/icc-delays-jurisdiction-ruling-on-israel-war-crimes-case-over-document-length/ ICC ta jinkirta yanke hukunci kan shari'ar laifukan yaki na Isra'ila kan takarda tsayi], [[W: Zaman Isra'ila | Zaman Isra'ila]], (22,ga watan Janairu, shekara ta 2020) *Mai shigar da kara ya gamsu da cewa akwai kwararan dalilai na fara gudanar da bincike kan halin da Falasdinu ke ciki a karkashin sashi na 53(1) na yarjejeniyar Rome, kuma iyakar ikon da kotun ke da shi ya hada da gabar yammacin kogin Jordan, ciki har da Gabashin Kudus, da kuma Gaza ("Yankin Falasdinawa da aka mamaye").Duk da haka, mai gabatar da kara ya bukaci Majalisar Kafin Kotu ta tabbatar da iyakar ikon Kotun a Falasdinu, a karkashin sashi na 19 (3).1 Irin wannan hukuncin da gangan zai warware wannan tambayar don manufar shari'ar da Kotun za ta yi a nan gaba - bisa ga ka'idar res judicata, dangane da labarin 19 (2) da (4) - da kuma sanya ci gaba da gudanar da kararraki da Kotun ta yi a kan ingantaccen tushe na doka.2. Kamar yadda mai gabatar da kara ya tuna, an dauki wannan matakin ne, na musamman, bisa la'akari da batutuwa masu sarkakiya na musamman na shari'a da na hakika da ke da alaka da yankin Falasdinu da aka mamaye da kuma sabanin ra'ayi da aka bayyana. **[https://www.icc-cpi.int/CourtRecords/CR2020_01746.PDF Takardun Kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta duniya 01/18 Halin da ake ciki a ƙasar Falasdinu], (30, ga watan Afrilu, shekara ta 2020) *3. Ta hanyar kwace Majalisar Kafin Kotu na wannan batu, a karkashin labarin 19 (3), masu gabatar da kara sun nemi wani taron da wakilan shari'a na wadanda abin ya shafa, da kasa (Palestine), Isra'ila, da sauran jihohi da masu sha'awar za su iya taimakawa a cikin ƙaddarar da ta dace na tambayar da aka gabatar.Masu gabatar da kara na nuna godiyarta ga majalisar da ta gudanar da irin wannan tsari,5 da kuma dimbin wakilan shari'a na wadanda abin ya shafa, Jam'iyyun Jihohi 6, kungiyoyin gwamnatoci, da amici curiae, wadanda suka amsa wannan kiran....Idan aka yi la’akari da wannan tsarin da ya hada da—da nufin tabbatar da, ta hanyar gaskiya da adalci, cewa Kotu ta kai ga matakin da ya dace na hukunce-hukuncen hukunce-hukuncen shari’a, inda kuma ita kanta mai gabatar da kara ta amince da bukatar yin iska da warware sabanin ra’ayoyin shari’a ta hanyar kawo wannan al’amari a kashin kansa. son rai ga Majalisa — sautin adawa na ƴan tsirarun mahalarta zai yi kama da ba daidai ba.Masu gabatar da kara sun tunkari wannan yanayin tare da 'yancin kai da rashin son kai da ake bukata a cikin sashe na 42 na Dokokin, kamar yadda koyaushe. **[https://www.icc-cpi.int/CourtRecords/CR2020_01746.PDF Takardun Kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta duniya 01/18 Halin da ake ciki a ƙasar Falasdinu], (30, ga watan Afrilu, shekara ta 2020) ==Zantuka akan Bensouda== * Babbar mai shigar da kara ta kotun ICC, Fatou Bensouda, ta ce a watan da ya gabata akwai “hanyar tushe” na bude wani bincike na laifukan yaki a kan ayyukan sojojin Isra’ila a zirin Gaza da kuma gina matsugunan Isra’ila a yammacin kogin Jordan.Ta kuma bukaci kotun da ta tantance ko tana da hurumin yanki kafin a ci gaba da shari’ar. Bukatar da ta yi wa kotun, wanda ya zarce ka’idojin shafi 30, ya kasance tare da bukatar tsawaita shafin zuwa shafuka 110, tana mai nuni da “babban yanayi da sarkakiya na gaskiya da shari’a a cikin wannan yanayi.” ...A cewar Haaretz, hukuncin na nufin yanke shawara kan Bensouda don ci gaba da shari'ar za a jinkirta shi da wasu watanni. Masanin shari'a na kasa da kasa [[W:Nick Kaufman | Nick Kaufman]] ya rubuta..**[https://www.timesofisrael.com/icc-delays-jurisdiction-hurisdiction-on-israel-war-crimes-case-over-document-length/ ICC ta jinkirta yanke hukuncin shari'ar laifukan yakin Isra'ila kan tsawon takarda] , [[W: Zamanin Isra'ila |Lokacin Isra'ila]], (22, ga watan Janairu, shekara ta 2020) *Isra'ila, wacce ba mamba a kotun ta ICC ta ce kotun ba ta da hurumin shari'a sannan ta zargi Bensouda da nuna kyamar Yahudawa...Babu wani martani daga Bensouda. Amma kwanan nan ta gaya wa jaridar The Times of Israel cewa zarginta da kyamar Yahudawa abu ne na musamman "abin takaici" kuma "ba tare da cancanta ba ...Ni, tare da ofishi na, muna aiwatar da umarninmu a ƙarƙashin Dokar Roma tare da matuƙar 'yancin kai, haƙiƙa, gaskiya da amincin ƙwararru. Za mu ci gaba da sauke nauyin da ya rataya a wuyanmu kamar yadda dokar Roma ta bukata ba tare da tsoro ko nuna son kai ba, "in ji ta. **[https://www.timesofisrael.com/icc-delays-jurisdiction-hurisdiction-on-israel-war-crimes-case-over-document-length/ ICC ta jinkirta yanke hukuncin shari'ar laifukan yakin Isra'ila kan tsawon takarda] , [[W: Zamanin Isra'ila |Lokacin Isra'ila]], (22, ga watan Janairu, shekara ta 2020) *[[w:Fatou Bensouda|Bensouda]] (Babban mai gabatar da kara na kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta duniya tun watan Yunin shekarar 2012) ta gano laifukan da CIA da sojojin Amurka suka aikata "ba cin zarafi ba ne na wasu kebabbun mutane," amma sun kasance "bangare na amincewa. dabarun yin tambayoyi a yunƙurin fitar da 'hanyoyin sirri' daga waɗanda ake tsare da su." ...Ƙungiyar Pretrial ta amince da Bensouda cewa akwai dalilai masu ma'ana don yin imani da cewa, bisa ga manufofin Amurka, mambobin CIA sun aikata [[ laifuffuka na yaki ] ].Sun haɗa da [[Wq/ha/Azabtarwa|azabtarwa]] da [[Wq/ha/Zalunci | zalunci]], da bacin rai game da mutuncin mutum, da kuma [[Wq/ha/Fyade|fyade]] da sauran nau'ikan cin zarafin jima'i ga waɗanda ake tsare da su a wuraren da ake tsare da su a cikin sassan Jihohin ƙasar. Dokar Roma, ciki har da Afghanistan, Poland, Romania da Lithuania. Bensouda ta yi hira da dubban mutanen da abin ya shafa a lokacin jarrabawar farko da ta yi. Kimanin 100 daga cikinsu ne suka shigar da kara nata na hukuncin kotun Pretrial Chamber. Wadanda abin ya shafa da lauyoyinsu sun yaba da hukuncin da Kotun daukaka kara ta yanke tare da bayyana fatan cewa a karshe za a hukunta wadanda suka aikata laifin. **[https://truthout.org/articles/team-trump-tried-to-bully-the-icc-into-dropping-war-crimes-probe-but-failed/Trump Trump yayi kokarin cin zarafin ICC Binciken Laifukan Yaki Amma Ya Fassara], ta [[Wq/ha/Marjorie Cohn|Marjorie Cohn]], ''[[w:Truthout|Gaskiya]]'] (10, ga watan Maris, shekara ta 2020) *Amurka ta soke bizar babbar mai shigar da kara ta [[Wq/ha/Kotun Laifukan Kasa da Kasa | Kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta kasa da kasa]] a matsayin mayar da martani ga aniyarta ta bincikar yuwuwar sojojin Amurka a Afghanistan. Wata sanarwa daga ofishin Fatou Bensouda, ‘yar kasar Gambia, ta ce za ta ci gaba da gudanar da ayyukanta na kotu a birnin Hague, “ba tare da wata fargaba ba” kuma za ta ci gaba da tafiya Amurka. Ba a hana ta ziyartar hedkwatar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da ke New York ba. Ma'aikatar harkokin wajen Amurka ba ta bayar da cikakkun bayanai kan shari'o'in biza guda daya ba amma ta bayyana cewa tana aiwatar da barazanar a watan da ya gabata daga sakataren harkokin wajen Amurka, [Mike Pompeo], na sanya takunkumi kan duk wani ma'aikacin kotun ICC da ya binciki Amurka ko ma'aikatan kawance. Matakin ya nuna taurin kai ga manufofin Amurka na rashin hadin kai da kotun ICC, da kuma rage rawar da kasashen duniya ke takawa. **[https://www.theguardian.com/law/2019/apr/05/us-vokes-visa-of-international-criminal-courts-babban mai shigar da kara Amurka ta soke takardar izinin mai gabatar da kara ta ICC kan binciken Afghanistan, Fatou Bensouda ta so don buɗe bincike game da laifuffukan yaƙi, gami da sojojin Amurka], [[w: The Guardian | ''The Guardian''], (5, ga watan Afrilu, a shekara ta 2019) *Ofishin Bensouda ya ce tana da "hukunce-hukuncen cin gashin kai da rashin son kai" a karkashin [[w:Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court|Rome Statute]] da ke jagorantar kotun ta ICC. Ta kara da cewa "Mai gabatar da kara da ofishinta za su ci gaba da gudanar da wannan aiki na doka tare da himma da kwarewa, ba tare da wata fargaba ko wani alheri ba."Bensouda ta kan kai ziyara zuwa Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a New York, inda take ba da bayanai ga kwamitin tsaro. Ana kallon ofishin na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da wani nau'i na kariyar diflomasiyya...Bensouda ta bukaci alkalan kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta ICC a watan Nuwamban shekarar 2017 da su ba su izinin bude wani bincike kan zargin aikata laifukan yaki a Afganistan daga hannun 'yan Taliban da sojojin gwamnatin Afganistan da dakarun kasa da kasa ciki har da sojojin Amurka. Ana kuma sa ran binciken zai binciki ayyukan CIA a wuraren da ake tsare da su a Afghanistan. Har yanzu kotun ba ta yanke shawarar ko za ta kaddamar da cikakken binciken da zai shafi abubuwan da suka faru bayan shekara ta 2002 ba. **[https://www.theguardian.com/law/2019/apr/05/us-vokes-visa-of-international-criminal-courts-babban mai shigar da kara Amurka ta soke takardar izinin mai gabatar da kara ta ICC kan binciken Afghanistan, Fatou Bensouda ta so don buɗe bincike game da laifuffukan yaƙi, gami da sojojin Amurka], [[w: The Guardian | ''The Guardian''], (5 ga watan Afrilu, shekara ta 2019) *Babban mai shigar da kara na kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta duniya a ranar Alhamis ta sake nanata matsayinta na cewa Falasdinu kasa ce da nufin mika hukunce-hukuncen aikata laifuka a yankinta zuwa birnin Hague. Yin watsi da ra'ayoyin shari'a na jihohi da dama da kuma masana dokokin kasa da kasa da dama, ra'ayin Fatou Bensouda, da aka yi bayani dalla-dalla a cikin wata takarda mai shafuka 60, na iya ba da damar gudanar da bincike kan zargin aikata laifukan yaki a yammacin kogin Jordan, zirin Gaza. da Gabashin Kudus. "Masu gabatar da kara sun yi la'akari da abubuwan da mahalarta taron suka yi a hankali da kuma ra'ayin cewa Kotun na da ikon mallakar yankin Falasdinawa," ta rubuta. **[https://www.timesofisrael.com/chief-prosecutor-insists-icc-has-jurisdiction-to-probe-war-crimes-in-palestine/ Babban mai shigar da kara ya nace cewa ICC na da hurumin binciken laifukan yaki a Falasdinu ', Raphael Ahren, ''Lokacin Isra'ila''] (30 ga watan Afrilu, shekara ta 2020) *A ranar 20 ga watan Disamba, da ta kammala jarrabawar share fage na shekaru biyar na "halin da ake ciki a Falasdinu," Bensouda ta ce tana da "dalili mai ma'ana don gaskata cewa an aikata laifukan yaki" a wadannan yankuna da sojojin Isra'ila da Hamas da sauran "Falasdinawa" suka yi. kungiyoyi masu dauke da makamai."A lokacin, ta ce ita da kanta ta yi imanin cewa kotu na da hurumin gudanar da bincike kan yiwuwar aikata laifukan yaki a yankunan, amma saboda yadda shari'ar ta kasance mai cike da cece-kuce, ta bukaci da a yanke hukunci kan lamarin daga gaban kotun.An gayyaci kasashe mambobin kungiyar da kwararru masu zaman kansu don auna lamarin suma. Bensouda ta ce "Irin wadannan ra'ayoyi iri-iri za su ba da dama ga hukuncin da kotun ta yanke." A cikin takardar da ta buga jiya alhamis, Bensouda ta sake nanata cewa matsayinta bai shafi batun batun kasar Falasdinu ba, a’a, a’a, ko “State of Palestine,” wadda mamba ce a kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta ICC, za ta iya mika hukumcin aikata laifuka ga kotun. A ganinta, hakika Falasdinu ta cika dukkan sharuddan da ake bukata don yin hakan. **[https://www.timesofisrael.com/chief-prosecutor-insists-icc-has-jurisdiction-to-probe-war-crimes-in-palestine/ Babban mai shigar da kara ya nace cewa ICC na da hurumin binciken laifukan yaki a Falasdinu ', Raphael Ahren, ''Lokacin Isra'ila''] (30 ga watan Afrilu, shekara ta 2020) *Falasdinu kasa ce kuma kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta kasa da kasa tana da hurumin shigar da kara a gaban kotun ICC, mai shigar da kara na ICC ya yanke hukunci a jiya Alhamis, wanda zai iya ba da damar gudanar da binciken laifukan yaki a kan Isra'ila. A yanzu dole ne kwamitin alkalai uku na kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta ICC su tabbatar da hukuncin da Fatou Bensouda ta yanke. Ana zargin Isra'ila da aikata laifukan yaki a Yammacin Gabar Kogin Jordan, Gabashin Kudus da Zirin Gaza ... A karkashin shawarar Bensouda mai shafuka 60, kotun ICC na iya yin amfani da ikonta a "yankin" da "ya kunshi yammacin kogin Jordan, ciki har da Gabashin Kudus." a Gaza." **[https://www.jta.org/quick-reads/israel-can-be-be-presecuted-for-war-crimes-with-international-criminal-court-ruling-that-palestine-is-a-state Ana iya tuhumi Isra'ila kan laifukan yaki tare da hukuncin kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta kasa da kasa cewa Falasdinu kasa ce, ''Hukumar Telegraph ta Yahuda''], (30 ga watan Afrilu, shekara ta 2020) *A ranar Juma'a [[w: The Palestine Liberation Organisation|Kungiyar 'Yancin Falasdinu (PLO)]] ta yi marhabin da labarin cewa babbar mai shigar da ƙara ta Kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta ICC, Fatou Bensouda ta jaddada matsayinta na cewa [[Wq/ha/Palestine|Palestine]] kasa ce ga Falasdinu. Makasudin mayar da hukunce-hukuncen aikata laifuka a yankinta zuwa Hague, in ji kamfanin dillancin labarai na Wafa. Bensouda ta tabbatar da matsayinta na cewa kotun ta ICC na da hurumin hurumin yankin Falasdinu ciki har da Gabashin Kudus. **[https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20200502-palestine-welcomes-icc-report-on-hurisdiction-over-palestine-territories/ Falasdinu ta yi maraba da rahoton ICC game da ikon yankunan Falasdinawa, ''Middle East Monitor'' ] (Mayu 2 ga watan, shekara ta 2020) *Bensouda... ta kammala akwai "dalilin yarda" cewa "an aikata laifuka a cikin ci gaban wata manufa ko manufofi… wanda zai goyi bayan manufofin Amurka a rikicin Afghanistan." Bensouda ta bukaci kotun ta ICC ta Pretrial Chamber ta amince da gudanar da bincike kan wadannan zarge-zarge. Gwamnatin Trump ta yi barazanar hana alkalai da masu shigar da kara na ICC biza tare da gargadin cewa za ta mayar da martani da takunkumi idan kotun ta bude bincike.A ranar 5 ga watan Afrilu, shekara ta 2019, gwamnatin Amurka ta soke bizar Bensouda don tafiya Amurka. Mako guda bayan haka, a ranar 12 ga watan Afrilu, shekara ta 2019, da alama Majalisar Pretrial ta faɗi cikin matsin lambar Amurka kuma ta ƙi ba da izinin binciken Bensouda.Ko da yake ta amince da Bensouda cewa akwai dalilai masu ma'ana da za su yarda cewa mambobin CIA sun aikata laifukan yaki, Pretrial Chamber ta ki amincewa da bukatar ta na gudanar da bincike... Amma a cikin wani muhimmin yanke shawara, a ranar 5 ga watan Maris, shekara ta 2020, Majalisar Daukaka Kara ta yi fatali da ƙudirin Majalisar ta Pretrial Chamber kuma ta ba Bensouda izinin fara bincike .... **[[Wq/ha/Marjorie Cohn|Marjorie Cohn]] a cikin [https://truthout.org/articles/trump-is-trying-to-hide-us-and-israeli-war-crimes-by-attacking-the-icc/" Trump Yana Kokarin Boye Laifukan Yakin Amurka Da Isra'ila Ta Hanyar Kai Hari Kotun Hukunta Laifukan Kasa da Kasa, TruthOut, '' (8, ga watan Yuli, shekara ta 2020) ==Duba kuma== ==Hadiyoyin waje== {{Wq/ha/Wikipedia}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Bensouda, Fatou}} [[Wq/ha/Kategori: Ministocin Gwamnati|Kategori: Ministocin Gwamnati]] [[Wq/ha/Kategori: Diplomas|Kategori: Diplomas]] [[Wq/ha/Kategori: Lauyoyin Gambiya|Kategori: Lauyoyin Gambiya]] [[Wq/ha/Kategori: Musulmai|Kategori: Musulmai]] [[Wq/ha/Kategori: 1961 haihuwa|Kategori: 1961 haihuwa]] [[Wq/ha/Kategori: Rayayyun mutane|Kategori: Rayayyun mutane]] [[Wq/ha/Kategori: Surukai|Kategori: Surukai]] [[Wq/ha/Kategori: matan Afirka|Kategori: matan Afirka]] [[Wq/ha/Kategori: Matan da aka Haifa a karni na 20|Kategori: Matan da aka Haifa a karni na 20]] [[Category:Wq/ha]] svddrsd7x8x2yhsaydlzxr1lj3ycb8l 0 3497224 7256482 6739788 2026-07-20T10:55:52Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256482 wikitext text/x-wiki [[w:Fawn M. Brodie|'''Fawn McKay Brodie''']] (Satumba 15 ga wata, shekara ta 1915 zuwa watan Janairu 10 ga wata, shekara ta 1981) ta kuma kasance masaniyar tarihin mutane kuma farfesar tarihi daga [[w:UCLA|Jami’ar California, Los Angeles]]. ==Zantuka== * Sha’awar shiga siyasa na farowa ne wata sa’in daga tsananin buri, ko dai na iko, ko kuma don abota da son girma, ko kuma saboda duka. ** ''Thomas Jefferson: An Intimate History'', ch. 1 (a shekarar 1974). [[Category:Wq/ha]] 32nbta7b6mxn48eq6aun8o48fd666km 0 3504781 7256395 6425432 2026-07-20T09:56:42Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256395 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Farooq Abdullah''' (an haifi Farooq 21 ga watan Oktoba a shekara ta 1937) dan siya san kasar India, shine shugaban kasan jammu da Kashmir national conference.Ya yi a matsayin Chief minista Na jammu da Kashmir a shaani ma ban banta tun daga shekarar 1982 har zuwa shekarar 2002, kuma shine Sabon minista karfi daga 2009 zuwa 2014. Shine yaron farkon zababban minista Na jammu da Kashmir sheikh Abdullah, kuma shine baban tsohun minista Na jammu da kashmir Omar Abdullah. == Zantuttuka == [[Category:Wq/ha]] bjdiqunsb24w7y1jvt1n3js8jexfm8e 0 3506628 7256096 7247228 2026-07-20T04:53:26Z Galdiz 2568250 7256096 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q4665788}} '''Abdulazeez Abubakar Ibrahim''' (27 hya kupou tan fa 1957<ref>https://www.sunnewsonline.com/breakingsenator-ibrahim-is-dead/</ref>– 5 hya kumo fa 2021) <ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=x6Q-AQAAIAAJ&q=Abubakar+Abdulazeez+Ibrahim+kupou tan+27+,+1957</ref>a zabar nyir ji aga senator ni sanatan yankin Taraba ta tsakiya, Nigeria daga soma Nigerian Fourth Republic, najan thunga or the People's Democratic Party (PDP) platform. A thurja office pichir 29 hya tufo fa 1999.<ref>http://psephos.adam-carr.net/countries/n/nigeria/nigerialeg2.txt</ref> abra zabar nyir ji or fudo fa 2003 (Help to expand this article from[[w:en:Abdulazeez Ibrahim| English wikipedia]] or [[w:ha:Abdulazeez Ibrahim| Hausa wikipedia]]) == Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca == [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q4665788}} sicntzu656m2fy4dcthgf1buxppwzxs 0 3509585 7255923 7186470 2026-07-19T23:01:27Z Umar Asiya 2590172 7255923 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/wlx/Databox|item=Q250733}} '''Wa''' ɩ yɛ a [[Wp/wlx/Upper West Region|Apa Wɛse Regyiŋ]] tenkpoŋ. Be ka a Wa Naayiri a be.<ref name=":0">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wa,_Ghana#CITEREFAwedoba2009</ref> Nemboorɔ yaga la laŋtaa a yiri ŋa puoŋ. [[Wp/wlx/Sissaaleba|Sissaaleba]], [[Wp/wlx/Dagaaba|Dagaaba]], [[Wp/wlx/Gonjahi|Gonjahi]], [[Wp/wlx/Waala|Waala]] aŋ e yaga ane neŋjaani jamaa.<ref>https://statsghana.gov.gh/gssmain/fileUpload/pressrelease/2021%20PHC%20General%20Report%20Vol%203A_Population%20of%20Regions%20and%20Districts_181121.pdf</ref> '''Wa''' ɩyɛ yirɩ aniŋ yikpoŋ aŋ be [[Wp/wlx/Wa Metropolitan Assembly|Wa Metropolitan Assembly]] <ref>https://www.ghanadistricts.com/Home/District/168</ref>anɩŋ [[Wp/wlx/Upper West Region|Upper West Region aŋ]] be a [[Wp/wlx/Gaana|Gaana]] paaluŋ puo.<ref>https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/campaign-on-effective-handling-of-food-items-held-in-wa.html?template=graphictv&is_preview=on</ref> A 2021 yuoni nɛ niŋsorɩ wɔlɩ yeŋ ka nuba jaa aŋ be Wa ɩyɛ 200,672.<ref>https://www.ghanadistricts.com/Home/District/168</ref><ref>https://www2.statsghana.gov.gh/docfiles/2010_District_Report/Upper%20West/WA%20MUNICIPAL.pdf</ref> A yiri ɩyɛ sorɩ tuubu hobu a Upper West region puo, a yiri tariyɛ sokpong aŋ gala [[Wp/wlx/Hamile|Hamile]], anɩŋ [[Wp/wlx/Tu|Tumu]] anɩŋ [[Wp/wlx/Upper East Region|Upper East Region]]. A yiri tarɩyɛ pɩlɛŋ pakɩ beli.<ref>http://www.touringghana.com/regions/upperwest_region.asp</ref> == Wa muni == ''Wa'' ɩyɛ [[Wp/wlx/Dagbani|Dagbani]] seɔ berɩ ka a muni ɩ ''te wa kaa ye seorɩ.''<ref name=":0" /> == Wa mɛɛbʋ == Wa ɩyɛ yiri aŋ dirɩ daahi yaga a saaju paalɩhi jaa puo. A Wa paaluu ɩɛ yiri ŋa baabu yela aŋ ba dɔɔlo. == Wa piilɛɛ == Wa tarɩ ye gɔmɩnantɩ nɩɛ aŋ so a yiri kaabu. A yiri kawaŋ-ɩrɩba anɩŋ Wa teng-kpong lambu nuba la maŋ laŋ taa ɩhi a yi kaara ŋa. pampana ŋa gɔmɩnantɩ nɩɛ aŋ so a yiri kaabu la nba Tahiru Issahaku Moomin. == Yelikori == == Tarijiihi == [[Category:Wp/wlx]] {{INTERWIKI|Q250733}} 6k3fnwemkquv1q1eakxoukj9v3vcex8 0 3510481 7256403 6425436 2026-07-20T09:59:43Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256403 wikitext text/x-wiki [[w:Fati Abubakar|'''Fati Abubakar''']] ƴar jaridar-hoto ce kuma mai hoto ‘yar Najeriya. An haife ta kuma ta taso a Maiduguri, Jihar Borno, Najeriya.An buga ayyukan ta a gidan jaridun New York Times, CNN Africa,BBC da kuma Voice of America. == Zantuka == * Ka yi abun da kake iyawa, ka zamo mai sauki a kan ka a kan abunda baka iyawa. **[https://twitter.com/fatiabubakarr/status/1633616671897255937/ Fati Abubakar's quotes [[Category:Wq/ha]] 9dbwrtxoc1nw9jkk4u65122xmg7l51m 0 3512803 7256262 6727558 2026-07-20T08:48:24Z Baby juuu 2634254 /* Club career */ 7256262 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q117061559}} Ahmed Abdullahi (nji yanyi 19 hya kwa fa 2004) ndgya Nigerian professional footballer ngya jo tsa muwa an Jong Gent. ==Club carer== or 2021, Abdullahi ji ma’i anda pahnali ingya French side Olympique de Marseille ba German side Borussia Dortmund, ingya Belgian side Gent a yurin yir da angan da dilbiyanyi. baji ma’i aga jan da sign ni latter, clubs gurtu a yuyiri or [[Wp/mrt/Europe|Europe]]. ==International Career== ==Career statistic== ===Club=== {{Wp/mrt/Updated|24 hya sudan 2023}}<ref>{{Wp/mrt/Soccerway|ahmed-abdullahi/869068}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+ Appearances and goals by club, season and competition |- !rowspan=2|Club !rowspan=2|Season !colspan=3|League !colspan=2|Cup !colspan=2|Other !colspan=2|Total |- !Division!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals |- |[[Wp/mrt/K.A.A. Gent|Jong Gent]] |[[Wp/mrt/2022–23 Belgian National Division 1|2022–23]] |[[Wp/mrt/Belgian National Division 1|Eerste Nationale]] |7||0||0||0||0||0||7||0 |- ! colspan=3|'''Career total''' !7!!0!!0!!0!!0!!0!!7!!0 |} ;Notes {{Wp/mrt/Notelist}} ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q117061559}} c1fef5ttz72ejx9r57gp8hy4epr4w4o 7256263 7256262 2026-07-20T08:48:37Z Baby juuu 2634254 /* Career statistic */ 7256263 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q117061559}} Ahmed Abdullahi (nji yanyi 19 hya kwa fa 2004) ndgya Nigerian professional footballer ngya jo tsa muwa an Jong Gent. ==Club carer== or 2021, Abdullahi ji ma’i anda pahnali ingya French side Olympique de Marseille ba German side Borussia Dortmund, ingya Belgian side Gent a yurin yir da angan da dilbiyanyi. baji ma’i aga jan da sign ni latter, clubs gurtu a yuyiri or [[Wp/mrt/Europe|Europe]]. ==International Career== ==Career sistic== ===Club=== {{Wp/mrt/Updated|24 hya sudan 2023}}<ref>{{Wp/mrt/Soccerway|ahmed-abdullahi/869068}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+ Appearances and goals by club, season and competition |- !rowspan=2|Club !rowspan=2|Season !colspan=3|League !colspan=2|Cup !colspan=2|Other !colspan=2|Total |- !Division!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals |- |[[Wp/mrt/K.A.A. Gent|Jong Gent]] |[[Wp/mrt/2022–23 Belgian National Division 1|2022–23]] |[[Wp/mrt/Belgian National Division 1|Eerste Nationale]] |7||0||0||0||0||0||7||0 |- ! colspan=3|'''Career total''' !7!!0!!0!!0!!0!!0!!7!!0 |} ;Notes {{Wp/mrt/Notelist}} ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q117061559}} ljqe9qs0gq6isrtab1mljjr70z1lh6m 7256264 7256263 2026-07-20T08:48:50Z Baby juuu 2634254 /* Career sistic */ 7256264 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q117061559}} Ahmed Abdullahi (nji yanyi 19 hya kwa fa 2004) ndgya Nigerian professional footballer ngya jo tsa muwa an Jong Gent. ==Club carer== or 2021, Abdullahi ji ma’i anda pahnali ingya French side Olympique de Marseille ba German side Borussia Dortmund, ingya Belgian side Gent a yurin yir da angan da dilbiyanyi. baji ma’i aga jan da sign ni latter, clubs gurtu a yuyiri or [[Wp/mrt/Europe|Europe]]. ==International Career== ==Careerstic== ===Club=== {{Wp/mrt/Updated|24 hya sudan 2023}}<ref>{{Wp/mrt/Soccerway|ahmed-abdullahi/869068}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+ Appearances and goals by club, season and competition |- !rowspan=2|Club !rowspan=2|Season !colspan=3|League !colspan=2|Cup !colspan=2|Other !colspan=2|Total |- !Division!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals |- |[[Wp/mrt/K.A.A. Gent|Jong Gent]] |[[Wp/mrt/2022–23 Belgian National Division 1|2022–23]] |[[Wp/mrt/Belgian National Division 1|Eerste Nationale]] |7||0||0||0||0||0||7||0 |- ! colspan=3|'''Career total''' !7!!0!!0!!0!!0!!0!!7!!0 |} ;Notes {{Wp/mrt/Notelist}} ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q117061559}} cq0wwwwuah0xgo0kdjqmj1kmwdsmkxz 7256265 7256264 2026-07-20T08:49:02Z Baby juuu 2634254 /* Careerstic */ 7256265 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q117061559}} Ahmed Abdullahi (nji yanyi 19 hya kwa fa 2004) ndgya Nigerian professional footballer ngya jo tsa muwa an Jong Gent. ==Club carer== or 2021, Abdullahi ji ma’i anda pahnali ingya French side Olympique de Marseille ba German side Borussia Dortmund, ingya Belgian side Gent a yurin yir da angan da dilbiyanyi. baji ma’i aga jan da sign ni latter, clubs gurtu a yuyiri or [[Wp/mrt/Europe|Europe]]. ==International Career== ==Caretic== ===Club=== {{Wp/mrt/Updated|24 hya sudan 2023}}<ref>{{Wp/mrt/Soccerway|ahmed-abdullahi/869068}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+ Appearances and goals by club, season and competition |- !rowspan=2|Club !rowspan=2|Season !colspan=3|League !colspan=2|Cup !colspan=2|Other !colspan=2|Total |- !Division!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals |- |[[Wp/mrt/K.A.A. Gent|Jong Gent]] |[[Wp/mrt/2022–23 Belgian National Division 1|2022–23]] |[[Wp/mrt/Belgian National Division 1|Eerste Nationale]] |7||0||0||0||0||0||7||0 |- ! colspan=3|'''Career total''' !7!!0!!0!!0!!0!!0!!7!!0 |} ;Notes {{Wp/mrt/Notelist}} ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q117061559}} 9wjar5d9ke550f6m3lsvrgr1x67c03l 7256266 7256265 2026-07-20T08:49:14Z Baby juuu 2634254 /* Caretic */ 7256266 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q117061559}} Ahmed Abdullahi (nji yanyi 19 hya kwa fa 2004) ndgya Nigerian professional footballer ngya jo tsa muwa an Jong Gent. ==Club carer== or 2021, Abdullahi ji ma’i anda pahnali ingya French side Olympique de Marseille ba German side Borussia Dortmund, ingya Belgian side Gent a yurin yir da angan da dilbiyanyi. baji ma’i aga jan da sign ni latter, clubs gurtu a yuyiri or [[Wp/mrt/Europe|Europe]]. ==International Career== ==Caric== ===Club=== {{Wp/mrt/Updated|24 hya sudan 2023}}<ref>{{Wp/mrt/Soccerway|ahmed-abdullahi/869068}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+ Appearances and goals by club, season and competition |- !rowspan=2|Club !rowspan=2|Season !colspan=3|League !colspan=2|Cup !colspan=2|Other !colspan=2|Total |- !Division!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals |- |[[Wp/mrt/K.A.A. Gent|Jong Gent]] |[[Wp/mrt/2022–23 Belgian National Division 1|2022–23]] |[[Wp/mrt/Belgian National Division 1|Eerste Nationale]] |7||0||0||0||0||0||7||0 |- ! colspan=3|'''Career total''' !7!!0!!0!!0!!0!!0!!7!!0 |} ;Notes {{Wp/mrt/Notelist}} ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q117061559}} 8gu4ijpbadaezgxkqsimreood31ou06 7256267 7256266 2026-07-20T08:49:32Z Baby juuu 2634254 /* Caric */ 7256267 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q117061559}} Ahmed Abdullahi (nji yanyi 19 hya kwa fa 2004) ndgya Nigerian professional footballer ngya jo tsa muwa an Jong Gent. ==Club carer== or 2021, Abdullahi ji ma’i anda pahnali ingya French side Olympique de Marseille ba German side Borussia Dortmund, ingya Belgian side Gent a yurin yir da angan da dilbiyanyi. baji ma’i aga jan da sign ni latter, clubs gurtu a yuyiri or [[Wp/mrt/Europe|Europe]]. ==International Career== ==Cic== ===Club=== {{Wp/mrt/Updated|24 hya sudan 2023}}<ref>{{Wp/mrt/Soccerway|ahmed-abdullahi/869068}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+ Appearances and goals by club, season and competition |- !rowspan=2|Club !rowspan=2|Season !colspan=3|League !colspan=2|Cup !colspan=2|Other !colspan=2|Total |- !Division!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals |- |[[Wp/mrt/K.A.A. Gent|Jong Gent]] |[[Wp/mrt/2022–23 Belgian National Division 1|2022–23]] |[[Wp/mrt/Belgian National Division 1|Eerste Nationale]] |7||0||0||0||0||0||7||0 |- ! colspan=3|'''Career total''' !7!!0!!0!!0!!0!!0!!7!!0 |} ;Notes {{Wp/mrt/Notelist}} ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q117061559}} 98szjzuz6queywy7ipf8784r0qfvr97 7256268 7256267 2026-07-20T08:49:49Z Baby juuu 2634254 /* Cic */ 7256268 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q117061559}} Ahmed Abdullahi (nji yanyi 19 hya kwa fa 2004) ndgya Nigerian professional footballer ngya jo tsa muwa an Jong Gent. ==Club carer== or 2021, Abdullahi ji ma’i anda pahnali ingya French side Olympique de Marseille ba German side Borussia Dortmund, ingya Belgian side Gent a yurin yir da angan da dilbiyanyi. baji ma’i aga jan da sign ni latter, clubs gurtu a yuyiri or [[Wp/mrt/Europe|Europe]]. ==International Career== ===Club=== {{Wp/mrt/Updated|24 hya sudan 2023}}<ref>{{Wp/mrt/Soccerway|ahmed-abdullahi/869068}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+ Appearances and goals by club, season and competition |- !rowspan=2|Club !rowspan=2|Season !colspan=3|League !colspan=2|Cup !colspan=2|Other !colspan=2|Total |- !Division!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals |- |[[Wp/mrt/K.A.A. Gent|Jong Gent]] |[[Wp/mrt/2022–23 Belgian National Division 1|2022–23]] |[[Wp/mrt/Belgian National Division 1|Eerste Nationale]] |7||0||0||0||0||0||7||0 |- ! colspan=3|'''Career total''' !7!!0!!0!!0!!0!!0!!7!!0 |} ;Notes {{Wp/mrt/Notelist}} ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q117061559}} cm75au6yxgjzvzi0lf3fgywztx363og 7256269 7256268 2026-07-20T08:50:08Z Baby juuu 2634254 /* Club */ 7256269 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q117061559}} Ahmed Abdullahi (nji yanyi 19 hya kwa fa 2004) ndgya Nigerian professional footballer ngya jo tsa muwa an Jong Gent. ==Club carer== or 2021, Abdullahi ji ma’i anda pahnali ingya French side Olympique de Marseille ba German side Borussia Dortmund, ingya Belgian side Gent a yurin yir da angan da dilbiyanyi. baji ma’i aga jan da sign ni latter, clubs gurtu a yuyiri or [[Wp/mrt/Europe|Europe]]. ==International Career== {{Wp/mrt/Updated|24 hya sudan 2023}}<ref>{{Wp/mrt/Soccerway|ahmed-abdullahi/869068}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+ Appearances and goals by club, season and competition |- !rowspan=2|Club !rowspan=2|Season !colspan=3|League !colspan=2|Cup !colspan=2|Other !colspan=2|Total |- !Division!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals |- |[[Wp/mrt/K.A.A. Gent|Jong Gent]] |[[Wp/mrt/2022–23 Belgian National Division 1|2022–23]] |[[Wp/mrt/Belgian National Division 1|Eerste Nationale]] |7||0||0||0||0||0||7||0 |- ! colspan=3|'''Career total''' !7!!0!!0!!0!!0!!0!!7!!0 |} ;Notes {{Wp/mrt/Notelist}} ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q117061559}} 79t9b163mbpvasx1w7o0ehccmun3vhf 7256270 7256269 2026-07-20T08:50:20Z Baby juuu 2634254 /* International Career */ 7256270 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q117061559}} Ahmed Abdullahi (nji yanyi 19 hya kwa fa 2004) ndgya Nigerian professional footballer ngya jo tsa muwa an Jong Gent. ==Club carer== or 2021, Abdullahi ji ma’i anda pahnali ingya French side Olympique de Marseille ba German side Borussia Dortmund, ingya Belgian side Gent a yurin yir da angan da dilbiyanyi. baji ma’i aga jan da sign ni latter, clubs gurtu a yuyiri or [[Wp/mrt/Europe|Europe]]. ==Internatil Career== {{Wp/mrt/Updated|24 hya sudan 2023}}<ref>{{Wp/mrt/Soccerway|ahmed-abdullahi/869068}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+ Appearances and goals by club, season and competition |- !rowspan=2|Club !rowspan=2|Season !colspan=3|League !colspan=2|Cup !colspan=2|Other !colspan=2|Total |- !Division!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals |- |[[Wp/mrt/K.A.A. Gent|Jong Gent]] |[[Wp/mrt/2022–23 Belgian National Division 1|2022–23]] |[[Wp/mrt/Belgian National Division 1|Eerste Nationale]] |7||0||0||0||0||0||7||0 |- ! colspan=3|'''Career total''' !7!!0!!0!!0!!0!!0!!7!!0 |} ;Notes {{Wp/mrt/Notelist}} ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q117061559}} au29smnv2e66vd4ke4gceqh4crcufs4 7256271 7256270 2026-07-20T08:50:32Z Baby juuu 2634254 /* Internatil Career */ 7256271 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q117061559}} Ahmed Abdullahi (nji yanyi 19 hya kwa fa 2004) ndgya Nigerian professional footballer ngya jo tsa muwa an Jong Gent. ==Club carer== or 2021, Abdullahi ji ma’i anda pahnali ingya French side Olympique de Marseille ba German side Borussia Dortmund, ingya Belgian side Gent a yurin yir da angan da dilbiyanyi. baji ma’i aga jan da sign ni latter, clubs gurtu a yuyiri or [[Wp/mrt/Europe|Europe]]. ==Internl Career== {{Wp/mrt/Updated|24 hya sudan 2023}}<ref>{{Wp/mrt/Soccerway|ahmed-abdullahi/869068}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+ Appearances and goals by club, season and competition |- !rowspan=2|Club !rowspan=2|Season !colspan=3|League !colspan=2|Cup !colspan=2|Other !colspan=2|Total |- !Division!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals |- |[[Wp/mrt/K.A.A. Gent|Jong Gent]] |[[Wp/mrt/2022–23 Belgian National Division 1|2022–23]] |[[Wp/mrt/Belgian National Division 1|Eerste Nationale]] |7||0||0||0||0||0||7||0 |- ! colspan=3|'''Career total''' !7!!0!!0!!0!!0!!0!!7!!0 |} ;Notes {{Wp/mrt/Notelist}} ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q117061559}} ivv45d2cqf9cvoe5l2cye4oh8lt2kea 7256272 7256271 2026-07-20T08:50:49Z Baby juuu 2634254 /* Internl Career */ 7256272 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q117061559}} Ahmed Abdullahi (nji yanyi 19 hya kwa fa 2004) ndgya Nigerian professional footballer ngya jo tsa muwa an Jong Gent. ==Club carer== or 2021, Abdullahi ji ma’i anda pahnali ingya French side Olympique de Marseille ba German side Borussia Dortmund, ingya Belgian side Gent a yurin yir da angan da dilbiyanyi. baji ma’i aga jan da sign ni latter, clubs gurtu a yuyiri or [[Wp/mrt/Europe|Europe]]. ==InteCareer== {{Wp/mrt/Updated|24 hya sudan 2023}}<ref>{{Wp/mrt/Soccerway|ahmed-abdullahi/869068}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+ Appearances and goals by club, season and competition |- !rowspan=2|Club !rowspan=2|Season !colspan=3|League !colspan=2|Cup !colspan=2|Other !colspan=2|Total |- !Division!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals |- |[[Wp/mrt/K.A.A. Gent|Jong Gent]] |[[Wp/mrt/2022–23 Belgian National Division 1|2022–23]] |[[Wp/mrt/Belgian National Division 1|Eerste Nationale]] |7||0||0||0||0||0||7||0 |- ! colspan=3|'''Career total''' !7!!0!!0!!0!!0!!0!!7!!0 |} ;Notes {{Wp/mrt/Notelist}} ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q117061559}} e2wmx2k1l217vspnkm9q5yix3y0m46o 7256273 7256272 2026-07-20T08:51:02Z Baby juuu 2634254 /* InteCareer */ 7256273 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q117061559}} Ahmed Abdullahi (nji yanyi 19 hya kwa fa 2004) ndgya Nigerian professional footballer ngya jo tsa muwa an Jong Gent. ==Club carer== or 2021, Abdullahi ji ma’i anda pahnali ingya French side Olympique de Marseille ba German side Borussia Dortmund, ingya Belgian side Gent a yurin yir da angan da dilbiyanyi. baji ma’i aga jan da sign ni latter, clubs gurtu a yuyiri or [[Wp/mrt/Europe|Europe]]. ==InteCer== {{Wp/mrt/Updated|24 hya sudan 2023}}<ref>{{Wp/mrt/Soccerway|ahmed-abdullahi/869068}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+ Appearances and goals by club, season and competition |- !rowspan=2|Club !rowspan=2|Season !colspan=3|League !colspan=2|Cup !colspan=2|Other !colspan=2|Total |- !Division!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals |- |[[Wp/mrt/K.A.A. Gent|Jong Gent]] |[[Wp/mrt/2022–23 Belgian National Division 1|2022–23]] |[[Wp/mrt/Belgian National Division 1|Eerste Nationale]] |7||0||0||0||0||0||7||0 |- ! colspan=3|'''Career total''' !7!!0!!0!!0!!0!!0!!7!!0 |} ;Notes {{Wp/mrt/Notelist}} ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q117061559}} jn3q4d293ebnbqrm42bh17737wpqtwm 7256274 7256273 2026-07-20T08:51:17Z Baby juuu 2634254 /* InteCer */ 7256274 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q117061559}} Ahmed Abdullahi (nji yanyi 19 hya kwa fa 2004) ndgya Nigerian professional footballer ngya jo tsa muwa an Jong Gent. ==Club carer== or 2021, Abdullahi ji ma’i anda pahnali ingya French side Olympique de Marseille ba German side Borussia Dortmund, ingya Belgian side Gent a yurin yir da angan da dilbiyanyi. baji ma’i aga jan da sign ni latter, clubs gurtu a yuyiri or [[Wp/mrt/Europe|Europe]]. ==Inter== {{Wp/mrt/Updated|24 hya sudan 2023}}<ref>{{Wp/mrt/Soccerway|ahmed-abdullahi/869068}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+ Appearances and goals by club, season and competition |- !rowspan=2|Club !rowspan=2|Season !colspan=3|League !colspan=2|Cup !colspan=2|Other !colspan=2|Total |- !Division!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals |- |[[Wp/mrt/K.A.A. Gent|Jong Gent]] |[[Wp/mrt/2022–23 Belgian National Division 1|2022–23]] |[[Wp/mrt/Belgian National Division 1|Eerste Nationale]] |7||0||0||0||0||0||7||0 |- ! colspan=3|'''Career total''' !7!!0!!0!!0!!0!!0!!7!!0 |} ;Notes {{Wp/mrt/Notelist}} ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q117061559}} sjjn475jvxdyty19buhjj2eaqtimo1i 7256275 7256274 2026-07-20T08:51:32Z Baby juuu 2634254 /* Inter */ 7256275 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q117061559}} Ahmed Abdullahi (nji yanyi 19 hya kwa fa 2004) ndgya Nigerian professional footballer ngya jo tsa muwa an Jong Gent. ==Club carer== or 2021, Abdullahi ji ma’i anda pahnali ingya French side Olympique de Marseille ba German side Borussia Dortmund, ingya Belgian side Gent a yurin yir da angan da dilbiyanyi. baji ma’i aga jan da sign ni latter, clubs gurtu a yuyiri or [[Wp/mrt/Europe|Europe]]. {{Wp/mrt/Updated|24 hya sudan 2023}}<ref>{{Wp/mrt/Soccerway|ahmed-abdullahi/869068}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+ Appearances and goals by club, season and competition |- !rowspan=2|Club !rowspan=2|Season !colspan=3|League !colspan=2|Cup !colspan=2|Other !colspan=2|Total |- !Division!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals |- |[[Wp/mrt/K.A.A. Gent|Jong Gent]] |[[Wp/mrt/2022–23 Belgian National Division 1|2022–23]] |[[Wp/mrt/Belgian National Division 1|Eerste Nationale]] |7||0||0||0||0||0||7||0 |- ! colspan=3|'''Career total''' !7!!0!!0!!0!!0!!0!!7!!0 |} ;Notes {{Wp/mrt/Notelist}} ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q117061559}} dcp6rqb951jyt8uocoiqyj6bsu9qmn8 7256276 7256275 2026-07-20T08:51:49Z Baby juuu 2634254 /* Club carer */ 7256276 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q117061559}} Ahmed Abdullahi (nji yanyi 19 hya kwa fa 2004) ndgya Nigerian professional footballer ngya jo tsa muwa an Jong Gent. ==Clcarer== or 2021, Abdullahi ji ma’i anda pahnali ingya French side Olympique de Marseille ba German side Borussia Dortmund, ingya Belgian side Gent a yurin yir da angan da dilbiyanyi. baji ma’i aga jan da sign ni latter, clubs gurtu a yuyiri or [[Wp/mrt/Europe|Europe]]. {{Wp/mrt/Updated|24 hya sudan 2023}}<ref>{{Wp/mrt/Soccerway|ahmed-abdullahi/869068}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+ Appearances and goals by club, season and competition |- !rowspan=2|Club !rowspan=2|Season !colspan=3|League !colspan=2|Cup !colspan=2|Other !colspan=2|Total |- !Division!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals |- |[[Wp/mrt/K.A.A. Gent|Jong Gent]] |[[Wp/mrt/2022–23 Belgian National Division 1|2022–23]] |[[Wp/mrt/Belgian National Division 1|Eerste Nationale]] |7||0||0||0||0||0||7||0 |- ! colspan=3|'''Career total''' !7!!0!!0!!0!!0!!0!!7!!0 |} ;Notes {{Wp/mrt/Notelist}} ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q117061559}} 55n8eoapoqmo97gs75tu2xz3i7u16tj 7256277 7256276 2026-07-20T08:52:12Z Baby juuu 2634254 /* Clcarer */ 7256277 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q117061559}} Ahmed Abdullahi (nji yanyi 19 hya kwa fa 2004) ndgya Nigerian professional footballer ngya jo tsa muwa an Jong Gent. ==Clcer== or 2021, Abdullahi ji ma’i anda pahnali ingya French side Olympique de Marseille ba German side Borussia Dortmund, ingya Belgian side Gent a yurin yir da angan da dilbiyanyi. baji ma’i aga jan da sign ni latter, clubs gurtu a yuyiri or [[Wp/mrt/Europe|Europe]]. {{Wp/mrt/Updated|24 hya sudan 2023}}<ref>{{Wp/mrt/Soccerway|ahmed-abdullahi/869068}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+ Appearances and goals by club, season and competition |- !rowspan=2|Club !rowspan=2|Season !colspan=3|League !colspan=2|Cup !colspan=2|Other !colspan=2|Total |- !Division!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals |- |[[Wp/mrt/K.A.A. Gent|Jong Gent]] |[[Wp/mrt/2022–23 Belgian National Division 1|2022–23]] |[[Wp/mrt/Belgian National Division 1|Eerste Nationale]] |7||0||0||0||0||0||7||0 |- ! colspan=3|'''Career total''' !7!!0!!0!!0!!0!!0!!7!!0 |} ;Notes {{Wp/mrt/Notelist}} ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q117061559}} 1xp25km35b2oaig00g26aja4hyx2ngo 7256278 7256277 2026-07-20T08:52:27Z Baby juuu 2634254 /* Clcer */ 7256278 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q117061559}} Ahmed Abdullahi (nji yanyi 19 hya kwa fa 2004) ndgya Nigerian professional footballer ngya jo tsa muwa an Jong Gent. ==Cr== or 2021, Abdullahi ji ma’i anda pahnali ingya French side Olympique de Marseille ba German side Borussia Dortmund, ingya Belgian side Gent a yurin yir da angan da dilbiyanyi. baji ma’i aga jan da sign ni latter, clubs gurtu a yuyiri or [[Wp/mrt/Europe|Europe]]. {{Wp/mrt/Updated|24 hya sudan 2023}}<ref>{{Wp/mrt/Soccerway|ahmed-abdullahi/869068}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+ Appearances and goals by club, season and competition |- !rowspan=2|Club !rowspan=2|Season !colspan=3|League !colspan=2|Cup !colspan=2|Other !colspan=2|Total |- !Division!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals |- |[[Wp/mrt/K.A.A. Gent|Jong Gent]] |[[Wp/mrt/2022–23 Belgian National Division 1|2022–23]] |[[Wp/mrt/Belgian National Division 1|Eerste Nationale]] |7||0||0||0||0||0||7||0 |- ! colspan=3|'''Career total''' !7!!0!!0!!0!!0!!0!!7!!0 |} ;Notes {{Wp/mrt/Notelist}} ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q117061559}} lz2oh695889qz1xss5oiorehhvq7riw 7256279 7256278 2026-07-20T08:52:42Z Baby juuu 2634254 /* Cr */ 7256279 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q117061559}} Ahmed Abdullahi (nji yanyi 19 hya kwa fa 2004) ndgya Nigerian professional footballer ngya jo tsa muwa an Jong Gent. or 2021, Abdullahi ji ma’i anda pahnali ingya French side Olympique de Marseille ba German side Borussia Dortmund, ingya Belgian side Gent a yurin yir da angan da dilbiyanyi. baji ma’i aga jan da sign ni latter, clubs gurtu a yuyiri or [[Wp/mrt/Europe|Europe]]. {{Wp/mrt/Updated|24 hya sudan 2023}}<ref>{{Wp/mrt/Soccerway|ahmed-abdullahi/869068}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+ Appearances and goals by club, season and competition |- !rowspan=2|Club !rowspan=2|Season !colspan=3|League !colspan=2|Cup !colspan=2|Other !colspan=2|Total |- !Division!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals |- |[[Wp/mrt/K.A.A. Gent|Jong Gent]] |[[Wp/mrt/2022–23 Belgian National Division 1|2022–23]] |[[Wp/mrt/Belgian National Division 1|Eerste Nationale]] |7||0||0||0||0||0||7||0 |- ! colspan=3|'''Career total''' !7!!0!!0!!0!!0!!0!!7!!0 |} ;Notes {{Wp/mrt/Notelist}} ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q117061559}} gic1z1d3wic6beium1tmelkaivnxd9x 1198 3519783 7255768 6382536 2026-07-19T17:20:27Z Tolyatti 2693860 7255768 wikitext text/x-wiki Абвуённ:Квавмат кваинфвуаниет/Ват нкханг май вуки ek2huxw83mjf6g1lyz63xq46zz9l25t 0 3521932 7256434 6425439 2026-07-20T10:38:38Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256434 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fati Abubakar''' yar jarida ce kuma, mai ɗaukar hoto a Najeriya.An haifi Abubakar kuma ya tashi a garin Maiduguri na jihar Borno a Najeriya. An buga aikinta a cikin The New York Times, CNN Africa, BBC da Muryar Amurka. Tayi aiki da farko don tattara abubuwan da ke faruwa a Borno, ciki har da rikicin Boko Haram. Tana da wani aiki mai suna Bits of Borno. ==Zantuka== Yi abin da zaku iya, ku kasance masu tausasawa da kanku game da abin da baza ku iya ba. [[Category:Wq/ha]] i16butz9i2jz55cc3u2uca4nch6o4is 0 3522126 7256435 6832051 2026-07-20T10:39:01Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256435 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fatima Akilu''' ƴar ƙasar Najeriya ce, ƙwararriya a ilimin Nazarin halayyar ɗan adam, marubuciya, malama, tsohuwar jami’ar gwamnati, mai bayar da shawara kan ilimi kuma mai magana da yawun jama’a a fagagen hanawa da daƙile tashin hankali (CVE) da kuma yaki da ta’addanci. A halin yanzu ita ce babbar darekta a gidauniyar Neem kuma tsohuwar daraktar nazarin halayyar ɗan Adam da dabarun sadarwa a ofishin mai baiwa shugaban ƙasa shawara kan harkokin tsaro a kasar Najeriya, inda ta taimaka wajen bunƙasa shirin yaƙi da ta'addanci na farko a ƙasar. Fatima Akilu wani bangare ne na kungiyar Global Strategy Network tare da masanin masana'antu Richard Barrett da sauran mutane ==Zantuka== * A sauƙaƙe sanya mutane a gaba, ba da fifiko ga martani ga waɗanda abin ya shafa, kuma tabbatar da cewa an tallafa wa al'ummomi don sake gina rayuwarsu. * Ra'ayin ta a wata hira * Mata suna rike da mabuɗin duk wani shiri na samar da zaman lafiya yayin da suke fuskantar rikici ta wata hanya dabam da maza. Sun kasance suna ɗaukar nauyi a matsayin iyaye mata, mata, 'yan'uwa mata, mahalarta da masu ceto, duk da haka har yanzu an cire su daga teburin mafita. Mun gano cewa lokacin da aka haɗa mata cikin yanke shawara za'a fi mayar da hankali ga magance hanyoyin soja. Ina jin cewa mata idan an kira su suna yawan zama a matakin kananan hukumomi amma muna bukatar karin mata a manyan matakan gwamnati musamman bangaren tsaro [[Category:Wq/ha]] saa9cqz5vcdx22i9jlplb9kqelul0i7 0 3523335 7256473 6739774 2026-07-20T10:53:06Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256473 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fatuma Ali Saman''' (An haife ta a shekara ta 1968) 'yar ƙasar Kenya ce mai ilimi kuma mai fafutukar kare hakkin mata kuma mamba ce a hukumar sa ido kan ƴan sanda ta Kenya (KIPOA). ==Zantuka.== A yau naji daɗi sosai lokacin da Ɗalibina ya tashi da ni. Captain Jibril ya kasance Ɗalibi mai tarbiya da mai da hankali a makarantarsa ​​ta firamare, Allah ya ba shi nasara a duniya da akidarsa (duniya da sama). [[Category:Wq/ha]] 458ttvbm2ylsqqj11r4ocsli14drbqa 0 3524104 7256396 6425434 2026-07-20T09:57:08Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256396 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Farshid Asadian kojabadi''' (Persian:فرشید اسدیان کجابادی); An haife shi Jan 4th,1994, Tabriz, ɗan wasan Wushu (Taolu) ɗan ƙasar Iran ne. ==Zantuka== 'Yar wasan Wushu dan ƙasar Iran Farshid Asadian a wata hira da kamfanin dillancin labaran Anatimes ya bayyana cewa: Ya kamata dan wasan wushu ya kasance da kwarin gwiwa da himma wajen cimma manufofinsa Wushu ba ta bukatar digiri na musamman, amma don koyar da wannan fanni, dole ne ku yi kwasa-kwasan da suka shafi wannan fanni Wushu na daya daga cikin wasannin da za ku iya samun nasara a cikin kowane irin yanayin jiki, abin da za ku yi shi ne ku nemo hazakar ku ta kowane fanni a haka. wasanni.[1][2] Bayan tabbataccen gwajin doping na "MAGOMED GADZHIEV", dan wasan wushu na Rasha, a gasar cin kofin duniya a Toronto, Hukumar Yaki da Doping ta Kasa (NADO) za ta kwace masa lambar zinare kuma an yi hasashen cewa "Farshid Asadian" , mutumin tagulla na Iran a lokaci guda, za a sake masa suna da mutumin Zinare[3]. Matsayin gasar matasan nahiyar Asiya a birnin Shanghai na kasar Sin, musamman ma a fannin, "Tai Chi", yana da matukar girma, kuma ko shakka babu zai yi min wahala wajen samun lambar yabo mafi kyau, amma zan yi kokarin samun lambar yabo mai launi a cikin gasar. wadannan gasa. [[Category:Wq/ha]] jfg7o8gvt2fd74n9inkt8rvkud9vwly 0 3525804 7256357 6739765 2026-07-20T09:43:12Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256357 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Falalu Dorayi :''' An haife shi a ranar huɗu 4 ga watan Janairu, shekara ta 1977, ya kuma kasance ɗan ƙasar Najeriya ne wanda ya ke shirya fina-finai a masa'antar kannywood,darecta ne, Mai shirya fina-finai Kuma jarumi a cikin magana,antar... == Zantuka == * Sana'a ta shi ne aikin fim kuma dashi na dogara. [[Category:Wq/ha]] khx5kkktjsf5gc4qh7mx05yel81km9v 0 3526594 7256288 6737235 2026-07-20T09:02:23Z Baby juuu 2634254 /* Professional career */ 7256288 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q19957516}} '''Yakubu Dogara''' CFR[1] (nji yanyi 26 hya kupou sudan fa 1967) ndgya kra jo ih siyasa ba lawyer ndra ih tur 13th Speaker an House of Representatives hearo 2015 ando 2019. Dogara member nga ni PDP.[3] a darja aga House of Representatives Member ni Bogoro/Dass/Tafawa Balewa Federal constituency ni Bauchi State hearo 2007 ando 2023. ==Ndar dunyar mdu aga mtə== ==Professional cer== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q19957516}} r45arpp5ifpp6y4b29lecsptphok130 7256289 7256288 2026-07-20T09:02:35Z Baby juuu 2634254 /* Professional cer */ 7256289 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q19957516}} '''Yakubu Dogara''' CFR[1] (nji yanyi 26 hya kupou sudan fa 1967) ndgya kra jo ih siyasa ba lawyer ndra ih tur 13th Speaker an House of Representatives hearo 2015 ando 2019. Dogara member nga ni PDP.[3] a darja aga House of Representatives Member ni Bogoro/Dass/Tafawa Balewa Federal constituency ni Bauchi State hearo 2007 ando 2023. ==Ndar dunyar mdu aga mtə== ==Professionalr== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q19957516}} o5i9miric18r3l3msounutmiebremj1 7256291 7256289 2026-07-20T09:02:48Z Baby juuu 2634254 /* Professionalr */ 7256291 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q19957516}} '''Yakubu Dogara''' CFR[1] (nji yanyi 26 hya kupou sudan fa 1967) ndgya kra jo ih siyasa ba lawyer ndra ih tur 13th Speaker an House of Representatives hearo 2015 ando 2019. Dogara member nga ni PDP.[3] a darja aga House of Representatives Member ni Bogoro/Dass/Tafawa Balewa Federal constituency ni Bauchi State hearo 2007 ando 2023. ==Ndar dunyar mdu aga mtə== ==Professialr== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q19957516}} n5jgbs9zuxkkrw6w4g6g02bvm5i5zsy 7256293 7256291 2026-07-20T09:03:00Z Baby juuu 2634254 /* Professialr */ 7256293 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q19957516}} '''Yakubu Dogara''' CFR[1] (nji yanyi 26 hya kupou sudan fa 1967) ndgya kra jo ih siyasa ba lawyer ndra ih tur 13th Speaker an House of Representatives hearo 2015 ando 2019. Dogara member nga ni PDP.[3] a darja aga House of Representatives Member ni Bogoro/Dass/Tafawa Balewa Federal constituency ni Bauchi State hearo 2007 ando 2023. ==Ndar dunyar mdu aga mtə== ==Profeslr== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q19957516}} 1jfxqehibly6xjzeqkatly0ar99fnj0 7256294 7256293 2026-07-20T09:03:12Z Baby juuu 2634254 /* Profeslr */ 7256294 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q19957516}} '''Yakubu Dogara''' CFR[1] (nji yanyi 26 hya kupou sudan fa 1967) ndgya kra jo ih siyasa ba lawyer ndra ih tur 13th Speaker an House of Representatives hearo 2015 ando 2019. Dogara member nga ni PDP.[3] a darja aga House of Representatives Member ni Bogoro/Dass/Tafawa Balewa Federal constituency ni Bauchi State hearo 2007 ando 2023. ==Ndar dunyar mdu aga mtə== ==Profer== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q19957516}} afndlivb23w8h10zsojofy1aaw2hz89 7256296 7256294 2026-07-20T09:03:32Z Baby juuu 2634254 /* Profer */ 7256296 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q19957516}} '''Yakubu Dogara''' CFR[1] (nji yanyi 26 hya kupou sudan fa 1967) ndgya kra jo ih siyasa ba lawyer ndra ih tur 13th Speaker an House of Representatives hearo 2015 ando 2019. Dogara member nga ni PDP.[3] a darja aga House of Representatives Member ni Bogoro/Dass/Tafawa Balewa Federal constituency ni Bauchi State hearo 2007 ando 2023. ==Ndar dunyar mdu aga mtə== ==Pfer== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q19957516}} 2ct7hyymok9sxuoh209ibizls675on3 7256298 7256296 2026-07-20T09:03:47Z Baby juuu 2634254 /* Pfer */ 7256298 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q19957516}} '''Yakubu Dogara''' CFR[1] (nji yanyi 26 hya kupou sudan fa 1967) ndgya kra jo ih siyasa ba lawyer ndra ih tur 13th Speaker an House of Representatives hearo 2015 ando 2019. Dogara member nga ni PDP.[3] a darja aga House of Representatives Member ni Bogoro/Dass/Tafawa Balewa Federal constituency ni Bauchi State hearo 2007 ando 2023. ==Ndar dunyar mdu aga mtə== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q19957516}} 015clnivs6b5hcqf4yp945bncnaby5e 0 3526920 7256480 6408490 2026-07-20T10:55:06Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256480 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fausat Balogun''' (an haife shi 13 ga watan Fabrairu a shekara ta 1959) wacce aka fi sani da Madam Saje yar wasan Najeriya ce wacce ta yi fice a fina-finan Yarbawa. Ta yi haska a matsayin Mama Saje a cikin shirin talabijin na 1990 mai suna Erin Kee Kee. Fausat ta fito a fina-finai sama da 80. ==Zantuka== Duk wani kalubale da mutum zai fuskanta a rayuwa, idan Allah ya yi maka albarka, to sai dai ya gode wa Allah a kan haka. https://tribuneonlineng.com/wani lokacin-i-na-damar-not-having-formal-education-actress-fausat-balogun/ Allah kada ya dauke ni Musulunci, kuma kada ya dauke Kiristanci daga wadanda suke Kirista. Har yanzu ni musulmi ne kuma ban taba shiga addinin kirista ba https://tribuneonlineng.com/wani lokacin-i-na-damar-not-having-formal-education-actress-fausat-balogun/ Babu wata sana'a da mutum zai same shi ko ita, dole ne a ko da yaushe ya kasance cikin ruhin hakuri idan har ya zama dole a yi nasara a wannan sana'a. Idan Allah ya ce shekarar ku za ta zama 2020, idan kun yi ƙoƙarin yin gudu fiye da kaddarar ku, watakila ba za ku isa inda aka ƙaddara ba. [[Category:Wq/ha]] cilmjln4coy9qunxk1uunvaqxq2usou 0 3528294 7256428 6832066 2026-07-20T10:36:36Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256428 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fatima Abdullahi wacce''' aka fi sani da Fati Washa, tana ɗaya daga cikin fitattun jaruman Kannywood, wato masana'antar shirya fina-finai ta Hausa da ke Arewacin Najeriya. An kuma haife ta a garin Bauchi kuma ta shahara saboda rawar da take takawa a fina-finan Hausa tun lokacin da ta fara fitowa a cikin wannan masana'anta. Fati, ta fara fitowa a cikin fina-finai da dama, tare da shahararrun jarumai na Kannywood, inda ta samu ɗaukaka saboda kwarewar ta a fagen wasan kwaikwayo. == Zantuka == * ina jin daɗi idan naga masoya na musamman a lokacin da suke nuna farin cikinsu na gani na da suka yi. * rayuwa bata da sauƙi ,amma dole ne mu ci-gaba da yin gwagwarmaya ,yadda komai wahala Mutum ya ci-gaba da jajir cewa . * Ba zan bari komai ya karya min zuciya ta ba komai tsakani. * Duniya makaranta ce kowa na koyan darasin da ya dace da shi. a [[Category:Wq/ha]] gwjijmmt4kgc9da7nu8s3sw0ce2nn1p 0 3529955 7256432 6832063 2026-07-20T10:38:02Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256432 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fatim-Zahra Ammor ko Fatima-Zahra Ammor''' (An haife ta a shekara ta 1967), Injiniya ce ta Moroko, mai ba da shawara kuma 'yar siyasa. Tun daga ranar 7 ga watan Oktoba, shekara ta 2021, ta kasance ministar yawon shakatawa, sana'ar hannu da tattalin arzikin zamantakewa da haɗin kai na Moroko. ==Zantuka== Yawon shakatawa na da muhimmiyar gudummawa ga tattalin arzikin Moroko, yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a ci gaban ƙasar. [1] Akwai gagarumin ci gaban zuba jari na yawon bude ido a Maroko, tare da damar saka hannun jari da yawa don cin gajiyar dukkan sarkar darajar. [2] Wannan sabuwar dabarar tana tabbatar da cewa kowane yanki na Maroko yana haskakawa tare da yuwuwar sa na musamman, yana ba da gogewar Morokan da ba za'a manta ba duk shekara. [3] Duk waɗannan yunƙurin tallace-tallace sun ta'allaka ne akan, mahimman ƙimar alamar mu: sahihanci da zamani... [[Category:Wq/ha]] cg5u2v3n91sou6cvygcsju6igvszar2 0 3530427 7256448 6831980 2026-07-20T10:44:08Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256448 wikitext text/x-wiki [[w:ha:Fatima Waziri-Azi|'''Fatima Waziri-Azi''']] lauya ce ƴar ƙasar Najeriya, kuma Darekta Janar na Hukuma ta Ƙasa Hana Sace Mutane [National Agency for the Prohibition of Trafficking in Persons (NAPTIP)] na Najeriya. == Zantuka == * NAPTIP zata tsaya tsayin daka kan kudirinta don magance satan mutane da kuma gurfanar da masu laifi ga shari'a. Hukumar zata cigaba da aiki tukuru don tabbatar da karin tsaro da nagartan al'umma. **[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/630684-nigerian-woman-jailed-for-trafficking-12-girls-abroad-for-sexual-exploitation.html Fatima spoke about what NAPTIP represent] ''Premium times'' * Idan mai ɗaukan nauyinka ya biya maka kuɗin tafiya, to za'a tilasta maka yin koma wani irin aiki ne, don ka biya mai daukan nauyin ka kafin ka nemi na kan ka. **[https://punchng.com/how-nigerian-women-working-in-iraq-are-being-exploited-naptip-dg/?amp Fatima warned Nigerians of sponsors] ''Punch'' [[Category:Wq/ha]] iwzofeerq42ajrk15dvc2h8r2v8tozt 0 3532824 7256089 6969176 2026-07-20T04:37:41Z Galdiz 2568250 7256089 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q18207706}} '''Abdul Samad Isyaku Rabiu''' [[Wp/mrt/CFR|CFR]] [[Wp/mrt/CON|CON]] [[Wp/mrt/GCON|GCON]] nji yanyi 4 hya tsitseu fa 1960) ndgya Nigerian Dan kasuwa da philanthropist. As of 2024, najan ni muthu or jir guna ni Nigeria.[2] dunyi kra da chagya, Khalifah [[Wp/mrt/Isyaku Rabiu|Isyaku Rabiu]], ai ja zumu or njir Nigeria's foremost industrialists or fa 1970s ba 1980s. Abdul Samad najan shili ingya ba chairman ni BUA Group, a Nigerian conglomerate concentrating on manufacturing, infrastructure and agriculture and producing a revenue in excess of $2.5 billion. Ba kuma najan chairman ni [[Wp/mrt/Nigerian Bank of Industry|Nigerian Bank of Industry]] (BOI). Or 7 mudofhou 2020, [[Wp/mrt/Forbes|Forbes]] ndi estimated Rabiu's kobanyi $3.2 billion, kra sar jida ni 716th global [[Wp/mrt/Billionaire's club|billionaire's club]]. or hya hya tan fa 2022, a darja ni muthu kra ndiya ingya guna or Nigeria. Or fudo 2022 a darja ndir guna ni tufu or Africa, ingya ada $6.7 billion. or hya tan hearo 2023, Rabiu a darja ni tufu or njir guna ni Africa. ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q18207706}} 385nigeo0zkh43g19e6hqucwie5a0s2 7256090 7256089 2026-07-20T04:38:07Z Galdiz 2568250 7256090 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q18207706}} '''Abdul Samad Isyaku Rabiu''' [[Wp/mrt/CFR|CFR]] [[Wp/mrt/CON|CON]] [[Wp/mrt/GCON|GCON]] nji yanyi 4 hya tsitseu fa 1960) ndgya Nigerian Dan kasuwa da philanthropist. 2024, najan ni muthu or jir guna ni Nigeria.[2] dunyi kra da chagya, Khalifah [[Wp/mrt/Isyaku Rabiu|Isyaku Rabiu]], ai ja zumu or njir Nigeria's foremost industrialists or fa 1970s ba 1980s. Abdul Samad najan shili ingya ba chairman ni BUA Group, a Nigerian conglomerate concentrating on manufacturing, infrastructure and agriculture and producing a revenue in excess of $2.5 billion. Ba kuma najan chairman ni [[Wp/mrt/Nigerian Bank of Industry|Nigerian Bank of Industry]] (BOI). Or 7 mudofhou 2020, [[Wp/mrt/Forbes|Forbes]] ndi estimated Rabiu's kobanyi $3.2 billion, kra sar jida ni 716th global [[Wp/mrt/Billionaire's club|billionaire's club]]. or hya hya tan fa 2022, a darja ni muthu kra ndiya ingya guna or Nigeria. Or fudo 2022 a darja ndir guna ni tufu or Africa, ingya ada $6.7 billion. or hya tan hearo 2023, Rabiu a darja ni tufu or njir guna ni Africa. ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q18207706}} 7khbwyvc4ht5wtziuxlo61gbfgnz3jk 7256091 7256090 2026-07-20T04:38:32Z Galdiz 2568250 7256091 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q18207706}} '''Abdul Samad Isyaku Rabiu''' [[Wp/mrt/CFR|CFR]] [[Wp/mrt/CON|CON]] [[Wp/mrt/GCON|GCON]] nji yanyi 4 hya tsitseu fa 1960) ndgya Nigerian Dan kasuwa da philanthropist. 2024, najan ni muthu or jir guna ni Nigeria.dunyi kra da chagya, Khalifah [[Wp/mrt/Isyaku Rabiu|Isyaku Rabiu]], ai ja zumu or njir Nigeria's foremost industrialists or fa 1970s ba 1980s. Abdul Samad najan shili ingya ba chairman ni BUA Group, a Nigerian conglomerate concentrating on manufacturing, infrastructure and agriculture and producing a revenue in excess of $2.5 billion. Ba kuma najan chairman ni [[Wp/mrt/Nigerian Bank of Industry|Nigerian Bank of Industry]] (BOI). Or 7 mudofhou 2020, [[Wp/mrt/Forbes|Forbes]] ndi estimated Rabiu's kobanyi $3.2 billion, kra sar jida ni 716th global [[Wp/mrt/Billionaire's club|billionaire's club]]. or hya hya tan fa 2022, a darja ni muthu kra ndiya ingya guna or Nigeria. Or fudo 2022 a darja ndir guna ni tufu or Africa, ingya ada $6.7 billion. or hya tan hearo 2023, Rabiu a darja ni tufu or njir guna ni Africa. ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q18207706}} kp1ht4nq6x9ozcwzmzmxs02hxnuueg7 7256093 7256091 2026-07-20T04:45:23Z Galdiz 2568250 7256093 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q18207706}} '''Abdul Samad Isyaku Rabiu''' [[Wp/mrt/CFR|CFR]] [[Wp/mrt/CON|CON]] [[Wp/mrt/GCON|GCON]] nji yanyi 4 hya tsitseu fa 1960) ndgya Nigerian Dan kasuwa da philanthropist. 2024, najan ni muthu or jir guna ni Nigeria.dunyi kra da chagya, Khalifah [[Wp/mrt/Isyaku Rabiu|Isyaku Rabiu]], ai ja zumu or njir Nigeria's foremost industrialists or fa 1970s ba 1980s. Abdul Samad najan shili ingya ba chairman ni BUA Group, Ga fassarar Hausa 👇 *"Kamfani ne wanda ya mayar da hankali kan masana’antu, ababen more rayuwa da aikin noma, kuma yana samun kudaden shiga sama da dalar Amurka biliyan 2.5. shi ne shugaban Hukumar Bankin Masana’antu ta Najeriya (BOI)."* Bayani: - *conglomerate* = kamfani mai ɗimbin ayyuka / kamfani mai rassa da dama - *manufacturing* = masana’antu - *infrastructure* = ababen more rayuwa - *agriculture* = aikin noma - *revenue in excess of $2.5 billion* = kudaden shiga sama da dalar Amurka biliyan 2.5 - *Nigerian Bank of Industry (BOI)* = Hukumar Bankin Masana’antu ta Najeriya (BOI) - *Chairman* = Shugaba Kana son in yi shi da salon rubutu na hukuma/report, ko salon magana na yau da kullum? Or 7 mudofhou 2020, [[Wp/mrt/Forbes|Forbes]] ndi estimated Rabiu's kobanyi $3.2 billion, kra sar jida ni 716th global [[Wp/mrt/Billionaire's club|billionaire's club]]. or hya hya tan fa 2022, a darja ni muthu kra ndiya ingya guna or Nigeria. Or fudo 2022 a darja ndir guna ni tufu or Africa, ingya ada $6.7 billion. or hya tan hearo 2023, Rabiu a darja ni tufu or njir guna ni Africa. ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q18207706}} gselodplrn78r35ssk5y1nj76kpyhse 7256094 7256093 2026-07-20T04:47:10Z Galdiz 2568250 7256094 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q18207706}} '''Abdul Samad Isyaku Rabiu''' [[Wp/mrt/CFR|CFR]] [[Wp/mrt/CON|CON]] [[Wp/mrt/GCON|GCON]] nji yanyi 4 hya tsitseu fa 1960) ndgya Nigerian Dan kasuwa da philanthropist. 2024, najan ni muthu or jir guna ni Nigeria.dunyi kra da chagya, Khalifah [[Wp/mrt/Isyaku Rabiu|Isyaku Rabiu]], ai ja zumu or njir Nigeria's foremost industrialists or fa 1970s ba 1980s. Abdul Samad najan shili ingya ba chairman ni BUA Group, Ga fassarar Hausa 👇 *"Kamfani ne wanda ya mayar da hankali kan masana’antu, ababen more rayuwa da aikin noma, kuma yana samun kudaden shiga sama da dalar Amurka biliyan 2.5. shi ne shugaban Hukumar Bankin Masana’antu ta Najeriya (BOI) Or 7 mudofhou 2020, [[Wp/mrt/Forbes|Forbes]] ndi estimated Rabiu's kobanyi $3.2 billion, kra sar jida ni 716th global [[Wp/mrt/Billionaire's club|billionaire's club]]. or hya hya tan fa 2022, a darja ni muthu kra ndiya ingya guna or Nigeria. Or fudo 2022 a darja ndir guna ni tufu or Africa, ingya ada $6.7 billion. or hya tan hearo 2023, Rabiu a darja ni tufu or njir guna ni Africa. ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q18207706}} j08ondzeh1tufcy645hdh3jp5ahu42c 7256095 7256094 2026-07-20T04:47:45Z Galdiz 2568250 7256095 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q18207706}} '''Abdul Samad Isyaku Rabiu''' [[Wp/mrt/CFR|CFR]] [[Wp/mrt/CON|CON]] [[Wp/mrt/GCON|GCON]] nji yanyi 4 hya tsitseu fa 1960) ndgya Nigerian Dan kasuwa da philanthropist. 2024, najan ni muthu or jir guna ni Nigeria.dunyi kra da chagya, Khalifah [[Wp/mrt/Isyaku Rabiu|Isyaku Rabiu]], ai ja zumu or njir Nigeria's foremost industrialists or fa 1970s ba 1980s. Abdul Samad najan shili ingya ba chairman ni BUA Group, Ga fassarar Hausa 👇 *"Kamfani ne wanda ya mayar da hankali kan masana’antu, ababen more rayuwa da aikin noma, kuma yana samun kudaden shiga sama da dalar Amurka biliyan 2.5. shi ne shugaban Hukumar Bankin Masana’antu ta Najeriya (BOI) Or 7 mudofhou 2020, [[Wp/mrt/Forbes|Forbes]] ndi estimated Rabiu's kobanyi $3.2 billion, kra sar jida ni 716th global [[Wp/mrt/Billionaire's club|billionaire's club]]. or hya tan fa 2022, a darja ni muthu kra ndiya ingya guna or Nigeria. Or fudo 2022 a darja ndir guna ni tufu or Africa, ingya ada $6.7 billion. or hya tan hearo 2023, Rabiu a darja ni tufu or njir guna ni Africa. ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q18207706}} 2p5xnmx9su5ifiqubxdxq8cnhx6uowg 3 3533260 7256056 6450077 2026-07-20T03:13:10Z MathXplore 2555026 Reverted edit by [[Special:Contributions/Bngonyama1322|Bngonyama1322]] ([[User talk:Bngonyama1322|talk]]) to last revision by [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 6450073 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float=right }} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]]. </div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 18:25, 4 November 2024 (UTC) hdljdy40394k4mjxu0lz5726ezroz6n 4 3550783 7256530 7247580 2026-07-20T11:54:20Z Пан Хаунд 2 2597454 7256530 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Notice|Please add your Wikiquote projects to the list, if it hasn't already added.}} ==List of Wikiquote projects (Wq/xyz) open in the Incubator== <small> Last update of the page : 2026-07-11. Counting of page number of each project is automatic (''use the purge button to refresh the display'').</small> {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Project ! Code ! English name ! Number of articles ! Starting date ! Status ! Actions taken |- ||Wikiquote||aa||Afar||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/aa|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/aa}}]] ||2024-12|| style="background-color: grey;" | Never been active since creation || |- ||Wikiquote||am||Amharic||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/am|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/am}}]] ||2004-04|| style="background-color: grey;" | Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wikiquote||ary||Moroccan Arabic||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/ary|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/ary}}]] ||2024-04 || style="background-color: grey;" | Never been active since creation || |- ||Wikiquote||ast||Asturian||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/ast|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/ast}}]] ||2005-08||style="background-color: grey;"| Imported to Incubator. Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wikiquote||azb||South Azerbaijani||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/azb|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/azb}}]] ||2015-02 ||style="background-color: grey;" | Active only 2015-08|| |- ||Wikiquote||ba||Bashkir||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/ba|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/ba}}]] ||2012-|| style="background-color: grey;" | Inactive since 2013 || |- ||Wikiquote||bew||Betawi||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/bew|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/bew}}]] ||2025-04||style="background-color: yellow;" |Active since creation || |- ||Wikiquote||blk||Pa'O||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/blk|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/blk}}]] ||2023-12|| style="background-color: grey;" | Never been active since creation || |- ||Wikiquote||btm||Batak Mandailing||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/btm|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/btm}}]] ||2024-10|| style="background-color: grey;" | Never been active since creation || |- ||Wikiquote||chy||Cheyenne||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/chy|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/chy}}]] ||2023-12||style="background-color: grey;"| Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wikiquote||diq||Zazaki||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/diq|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/diq}}]] ||2011|| style="background-color: grey;" | Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wikiquote||dtp||Kadazandusun||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/dtp|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/dtp}}]] ||2024-08|| style="background-color: grey;" | Never been active since creation || |- ||Wikiquote||fat||Fante||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/fat|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/fat}}]] ||2024-10|| Recently active || |- ||Wikiquote||glk||Gilaki||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/glk|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/glk}}]] ||2007-|| style="background-color: grey;" | Never been active since creation || |- ||Wikiquote||grc||Ancient Greek||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/grc|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/grc}}]] ||2009|| style="background-color: grey;" | Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wikiquote||ha||Hausa||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/ha|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/ha}}]] ||2014-08||style="background-color: yellow;" | Active in 2022-08, then in 2023-02, then during 2024-01 to 2024-02, then during 2024-06 to 2024-10, then during 2024-12 to 2025-01, then during 2025-03 to 2025-04, and then re-active during 2025-06 to 2025-12 || No actions taken. |- ||Wikiquote||ht||Haitian||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/ht|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/ht}}]] ||2007-11||style="background-color: grey;" | Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wikiquote||jv||Javanese||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/jv|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/jv}}]] ||2012|| style="background-color: grey;" | Never been active since creation || |- ||Wikiquote||kaa||Karakalpak||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/kaa|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/kaa}}]] ||2022-08 ||style="background-color: grey;" | Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wikiquote||kk||Kazakh||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/kk|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/kk}}]] ||2005-07|| style="background-color: grey;" | Never been active since creation. Imported to Incubator in 2011.|| |- ||Wikiquote||kge||Komering||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/kge|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/kge}}]]||2023-11|| style="background-color: grey;" | Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wikiquote||knc||Central Kanuri||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/knc|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/knc}}]] ||2008-11|| Active only 2025-07 || |- ||Wikiquote||mag||Magahi||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/mag|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/mag}}]] || 2024|| style="background-color: grey;" | Never been active since creation || |- ||Wikiquote||mg||Malagasy||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/mg|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/mg}}]] ||2025-09|| style="background-color: grey;" | Never been active since creation || |- ||Wikiquote||min||Minangkabau||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/Wq/min|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:Wq/min}}]] ||2016-02|| Not imported yet.||Approved in 2026 |- ||Wikiquote||mk||Macedonian||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/mk|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/mk}}]] ||2020 || style="background-color: grey;" | Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wikiquote||my||Burmese||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/my|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/my}}]] ||2018-06 || style="background-color: grey;" |Never been active since creation || |- ||Wikiquote||ne||Nepali||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/Wn/ne|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:Wn/ne}}]] ||2011 ||style="background-color: grey;" | Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wikiquote||oc||Occitan||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/oc|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/oc}}]] ||2008 || style="background-color: grey;" | Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wikiquote||om||Oromo||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/om|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/om}}]] ||2021|| style="background-color: grey;" | Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wikiquote||or||Odia||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/or|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/or}}]] ||2011|| style="background-color: grey;" | Inactive since 2012 || |- ||Wikiquote||pa||Punjabi||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/pa|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/pa}}]] ||2013|| style="background-color: grey;" | Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wikiquote||pnb||Western Punjabi||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/Wq/pnb|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:Wq/pnb}}]] ||2008 || style="background-color: grey;" | Inactive since 2015 || |- ||Wikiquote||ps||Pashto||align="right"|[[Special:Prefixindex/wq/ps|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:Wq/ps}}]] ||2012-01 || style="background-color: grey;" | Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wikiquote||qu||Quechua||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/qu|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/qu}}]] ||2007-12|| style="background-color: grey;" | Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wikiquote||rkt||Rangpuri||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/rkt|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/rkt}}]] ||2024-12||style="background-color: grey;" | Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wikiquote||sat||Santali||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/sat|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/sat}}]] ||2022-05|| style="background-color: grey;" | Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wikiquote||se||North Sami||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/se|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/se}}]] ||2012|| style="background-color: grey;" | Never been active since creation. || |- ||Wikiquote||sd||Sindhi||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/sd|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/sd}}]] ||2015 || style="background-color: grey;" | Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wikiquote||sn||Shona||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/sn|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/sn}}]] ||2023|| style="background-color: grey;" | Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wikiquote||so||Somali||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/so|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/so}}]] ||2016 ||style="background-color: grey;" | Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wikiquote||sw||Swahili||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/sw|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/sw}}]] ||2017-07|| style="background-color: grey;" | Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wikiquote||syl||Sylheti||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/syl|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/syl}}]] ||2020-07 || style="background-color: yellow;" | Was active from 2023-05 to 2024-05, for 13 months|| No action has been taken by Langcom. |- ||Wikiquote||tcy||Tulu||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/tcy|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/tcy}}]] ||2024|| style="background-color: grey;" | Never been active since creation || |- ||Wikiquote||tg||Tajik||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/tg|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/tg}}]] ||2010-11 || style="background-color: grey;" | Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wikiquote||tly||Talysh||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/tly|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/tly}}]] ||2013 ||style="background-color: grey;"| Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wikiquote||tn||Tswana||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/tn|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/tn}}]] ||2022-05 || style="background-color: grey;" | Inactive since 2022|| |- ||Wikiquote||tt||Tatar||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/tt|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/tt}}]] ||2009-01 || style="background-color: grey;" | Imported to incubator. Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wikiquote||si||Sinhalese||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/si|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/si}}]] ||2013|| style="background-color: grey;" | Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wikiquote||xmf||Mingrelian||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/xmf|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/xmf}}]] ||2016 || style="background-color: grey;" | Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wikiquote||yue||Cantonese Chinese||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wq/yue|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/yue}}]] ||2013-06|| style="background-color: grey;" | Inactive since 2020|| |- ||Wikiquote||zgh||Standard Moroccan Amazigh||align="right"|[[Special:Prefixindex/wq/zgh|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wq/zgh}}]] || 2025||style="background-color: grey;" | Never been active since creation|| |} * Template: [[Template:Tests/wq]] ==See also== * [[Incubator:Wikipedia projects]] * [[Incubator:Wiktionary projects]] * [[Incubator:Wikibooks projects]] * [[Incubator:Wikinews projects]] * [[Incubator:Wikivoyage projects]] [[Category:Incubator:Projects]] ojtpffdx3dkodtkzo1gca9d7fwx28gl 4 3554165 7256534 7255514 2026-07-20T11:56:00Z Пан Хаунд 2 2597454 7256534 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Notice|Please add your Wiktionary projects to the list, if it hasn't already added.}} == List of Wiktionary projects (Wt/xyz) open in the Incubator == <small> Last update of the page: 18/07/2026. The page number count for each project is automatic (''use the purge button regularly to refresh the display'').</small> {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Project ! Code ! English name ! Number of articles ! Starting date ! Status ! Actions taken |- ||Wiktionary||ab||Abkhazian||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wt/ab|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/ab}}]] ||2007; 2009||style="background-color: grey;" | Never been active since creation. Created in 2007, imported to Incubator in 2008. Reopened in 2009.|| |- ||Wiktionary||ace||Acehnese||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wt/ace|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/ace}}]] ||2023-07||style="background-color: grey;" | Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wiktionary||acm||Iraqi Arabic||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wt/acm|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/acm}}]] ||2024-05|| style="background-color: grey;"| Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wiktionary||ain||Ainu||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wt/ain|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/ain}}]]||2022|| Inactive since 2024-11|| |- ||Wiktionary||ajg||Adja||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wt/ajg|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/ajg}}]] ||2023-10 || Inactive since 2023|| |- ||Wiktionary||ami||Amis||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wt/ami|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/ami}}]] ||2021|| style="background-color: grey;"| Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wiktionary||ann||Obolo||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wt/ann|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/ann}}]] ||2025||style="background-color: grey;"| Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wiktionary||anp||Angika||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wt/anp|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/anp}}]]||2017-10||style="background-color: grey;" | Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wiktionary||arq|| Algerian Arabic||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wt/arq|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/arq}}]]|| 2011||style="background-color: grey;"| Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wiktionary||ary|| Moroccan Arabic||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wt/ary|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/ary}}]]||2005|| Inactive since 2025 |- ||Wiktionary||ba||Bashkir||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wt/ba|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/ba}}]] ||2009-02|| Inactive since 2022|| |- ||Wiktionary||bm||Bambara||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wt/bm|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/bm}}]] || ?|| style="background-color: grey;"| Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wiktionary||brx|| Bodo||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wt/brx|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/brx}}]]||2016|| ? |- ||Wiktionary||cbk-zam||Chavacano||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wt/cbk-zam|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/cbk-zam}}]] ||2019-02|| || |- ||Wiktionary||dar||Dargwa||align="right"|[[Special:Prefixindex/wt/dar|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/dar}}]] ||2025-01||style="background-color: grey;"| Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wiktionary||den|| Slavey||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wt/den|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/den}}]] ||2017-03|| style="background-color: grey;"| Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wiktionary||dty|| Doteli||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wt/dty|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/dty}}]]|| 2016-05||style="background-color: grey;"| Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wiktionary||dz||Dzonkha||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wt/dz|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/dz}}]] ||2009-01||style="background-color: grey;" | Never been active since creation.|| |- ||Wiktionary||frp||Arpitan||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wt/frp|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/frp}}]] ||2016-||Inactive since 2022-05|| |- ||Wiktionary||ht||Haitian Creole||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wt/ht|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/ht}}]]||2007|| style="background-color: grey;"| Never been active since creation |- ||Wiktionary||izh||Izhorian||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wt/izh|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/izh}}]]||2025||style="background-color: grey;" | Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wiktionary||jam|| Jamaican Creole||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wt/jam|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/jam}}]]|| 2016 ||style="background-color: grey;"| Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wiktionary||jax||Jambi Malay||align="right"|[[Special:Prefixindex/wt/jax|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/jax}}]] ||2009 |||| |- ||Wiktionary||kai||Karai-Karai||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wt/kai|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/kai}}]] ||2025-09|| || |- ||Wiktionary||knc||Yerwa/Central Kanuri||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wt/knc/|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/knc}}]] ||2024-03|| style="background-color: grey;"| Never been active since creation || |- ||Wiktionary||ksw||S'gaw Karen||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wt/ksw|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/ksw}}]]||2021-08||style="background-color: grey;" | Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wiktionary||lad||Ladino||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wt/lad|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/lad}}]]||2008-08|| style="background-color: grey;"| Never been active since creation || |- ||Wiktionary||[[wt/lzz|lzz]]||Laz||align="right"|[[Special:Prefixindex/wt/lzz|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/lzz}}]] || 2011|| || |- ||Wiktionary||mh||Marshallese||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wt/mh|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/mh}}]] ||2009||style="background-color: grey;" | Never been active since creation.|| |- ||Wiktionary||mnc||Manchu||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wt/mnc|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/mnc}}]]||2016|| Last time active from 2025-04 to 2025-05 || |- ||Wiktionary||mrh||Mara||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wt/mrh|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/mrh}}]]||2020||style="background-color: grey;" | Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wiktionary||nup||Nupe||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wt/nup|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/nup}}]] ||2025-05|||| |- ||Wiktionary||rki||Rakhine||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wt/rki|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/rki}}]] ||2025|||| |- ||Wiktionary||pag||Pangasinan||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/Wt/pag|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/pag}}]] ||2014-06|| style="background-color: grey;" | Never been active since creation || |- ||Wiktionary||pam||Kampanangan||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wt/pam|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/pam}}]]|| 2014-01||style="background-color: grey;"| Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wiktionary||pms||Piedmontese||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wt/pms|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/pms}}]]|| 2012-03||style="background-color: grey;"| Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wiktionary||prg||Prussian||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wt/prg|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/prg}}]] ||2024||style="background-color: grey;" | Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wiktionary||qwh||Quechua||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wt/qwh|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/qwh}}]]|| 2011-07||style="background-color: grey;"| Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wiktionary||ryu||Ryukuan||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wt/ryu|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/ryu}}]] ||2014|| || |- ||Wiktionary||sas||Sasak||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wt/sas|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/sas}}]] ||2025-01||style="background-color: yellow;" |Active in 2025-06, and then re-active since 2025-08 || |- ||Wiktionary||se||Northern Sami||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wt/se|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/se}}]]|| 2007|| style="background-color: grey;"| Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wiktionary||sn||Shona||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wt/sn|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/sn}}]]|| 2009-01 |- ||Wiktionary||syl||Sylheti||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wt/syl|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/syl}}]]||2018 || style="background-color: yellow;" | Was active from 2023-05 to 2024-05, for 13 months|| No action has been taken by Langcom. |- ||Wiktionary||ulc||Ulchi||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wt/ulc|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/ulc}}]] ||2020-07||style="background-color: grey;"| Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wiktionary||wal||Wollayta||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wt/wal|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/wal}}]] || 2023|| style="background-color: grey;"| Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wiktionary||war|| Waray||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wt/war|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/war}}]]|| 2009-01||style="background-color: grey;"| Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wiktionary||[[Wt/wsg|wsg]]|| Gondi ||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wt/wsg|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/wsg}}]]||2022 |||| |- ||Wiktionary||wuu||Wu Chinese||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wt/wuu|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/wuu}}]] ||2012-?||style="background-color: grey;" | Never been active since creation| |- ||Wiktionary||za|| Zhuang||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wt/za|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/za}}]]|| 2024|| style="background-color: grey;"| Never been active since creation|| |- ||Wiktionary||zea||Zeelandic ||align="right"|[[SPECIAL:PREFIXINDEX/wt/zea|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:wt/zea}}]]|| 2004|| Sporadically active || |} * Template: [[Template:Tests/wt]] == See also == * [[Incubator:Wikipedia projects]] * [[Incubator:Wikibooks projects]] * [[Incubator:Wikinews projects]] * [[Incubator:Wikiquote projects]] * [[Incubator:Wikivoyage projects]] [[Category:Incubator:Projects]] n3y5qhzpcgiqo6lxgeyjom1h7vqicsi 0 3557054 7256462 6520673 2026-07-20T10:49:32Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256462 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Aid for Trade Global Review 2017 – Day 3 (35059631424).jpg|thumb|Tallafi don Kasuwancin Duniya 2017 - Kwana na 3 (35059631424)]] [[w:Fatoumata Tambajang|'''Aja Fatoumata C.M. Jallow-Tambajang''']] (an haife ta 22 Oktoban shekarar 1949 a Brikama, Gambia) ‘yar siyasar Gambiya ce kuma mai fafutukar hakkoki. Tana riƙe da digiri na BA a fannin harshen Faransanci daga Jami’ar Nice Sophia Antipolis. Tayi aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar shugaba sannan kuma Minista ta Harkokin Mata a karkashin shugaba [[w:Adama Barrow|Adama Barrow]]. == Zantuka == * Yarona, ko da kuwa zaka kawo mani AlQur’ani mai girma zan fada maka ba daidai bane. Idan ka tambayi shugaban kasa shi kansa zai fada maka cewa ba daidai bane. Mutane sun yada karerayi a kai na amma na yafe masu. Na san wadanda suka shirya wadannan karerayi, amma na yafe masu. Amma na ji dadi da Shugaban Kasa Barrow ya fahimci gaskiya. Ya tsaya kan ta kuma ya gayyace ni a ranar 16th ga watan Agusta. Mun karanta wasikar kuma abune wanda ban taba rubutawa ba. [[Category:Wq/ha]] 6v5825n6kct57agkucufxo70fibj65i 2 3559696 7256078 7244707 2026-07-20T03:55:39Z Mirlim 2598865 7256078 wikitext text/x-wiki =buwak nih gak dulu= [[Wp/mfa/Pasé Putéh|Pasé Putéh]], [[Wp/mfa/Guwo Musae|Guwo Musae]], [[Wp/mfa/Machae|Machae]], [[Wp/mfa/Koto Bharu|Koto Bharu]], [[Wp/mfa/Pasé Mah|Pasé Mah]], [[Wp/mfa/Tupak|Tupak]], [[Wp/mfa/Kolo Kerè|Kolo Kerè]], <br/>[[Wp/mfa/Batu Gajoh|Batu Gajoh]], [[Wp/mfa/Bukék Marok|Bukék Marok]], [[Wp/mfa/Guwo Cha|Guwo Cha]] [[Wp/mfa/Bohulu|Bohulu]], [[Wp/mfa/Kuwé bakék|Kuwé bakék]], [[Wp/mfa/Bèko|Bèko]], [[Wp/mfa/Blebak ubi kayu|Blebak ubi kayu]], [[Wp/mfa/Blebak ubi stelo|Blebak ubi stelo]], [[Wp/mfa/Buwoh gomok|Buwoh gomok]], [[Wp/mfa/Buwoh periyo|Buwoh periyo]], [[Wp/mfa/Buwoh tanjóng|Buwoh tanjóng]], [[Wp/mfa/Caco|Caco]], [[Wp/mfa/Caro|Caro]], [[Wp/mfa/Cèk mèk molèk|Cèk mèk molèk]], [[Wp/mfa/Cucó|Cucó]], [[Wp/mfa/Glebóng boyo|Glebóng boyo]], [[Wp/mfa/Grodok|Grodok]], [[Wp/mfa/Gginae|Gginae]], [[Wp/mfa/Jalo mah|Jalo mah]], [[Wp/mfa/Kuba guling|Kuba guling]], [[Wp/mfa/Ketayak|Ketayak]], [[Wp/mfa/Ketupak|Ketupak]], [[Wp/mfa/Kolèh kacae|Kolèh kacae]], [[Wp/mfa/Kolèh ubi kayu|Kolèh ubi kayu]], [[Wp/mfa/Kosu|Kosu]], [[Wp/mfa/Kuwé lapéh|Kuwé lapéh]], [[Wp/mfa/Lopak tikae|Lopak tikae]], [[Wp/mfa/Nasik manih|Nasik manih]], [[Wp/mfa/Ondè-ondè|Ondè-ondè]], [[Wp/mfa/Pasóng|Pasóng]], [[Wp/mfa/Paóh layae|Paóh layae]], [[Wp/mfa/Pulók baka|Pulók baka]], [[Wp/mfa/Pulók briti|Pulók briti]], [[Wp/mfa/Pulók dakak|Pulók dakak]], [[Wp/mfa/Pulók lepo|Pulók lepo]], [[Wp/mfa/Pulók pagi|Pulók pagi]], [[Wp/mfa/Puteri mandi|Puteri mandi]], [[Wp/mfa/Putu bulóh|Putu bulóh]], [[Wp/mfa/Putu halebo|Putu halebo]], [[Wp/mfa/Putu kacae|Putu kacae]], [[Wp/mfa/Putu mayae|Putu mayae]], [[Wp/mfa/Putu piring|Putu piring]], [[Wp/mfa/Sanggupa|Sanggupa]], [[Wp/mfa/Seri kayo|Seri kayo]], [[Wp/mfa/Seri muko|Seri muko]], [[Wp/mfa/Tahik iték|Tahik iték]], [[Wp/mfa/Tapè berah|Tapè berah]], [[Wp/mfa/Tapè pulók|Tapè pulók]], [[Wp/mfa/Tepóng apae|Tepóng apae]], [[Wp/mfa/Tepóng boko|Tepóng boko]], [[Wp/mfa/Tepóng bungo|Tepóng bungo]], [[Wp/mfa/Tepóng bukuh|Tepóng bukuh]], [[Wp/mfa/Tepóng plito|Tepóng plito]], [[Wp/mfa/Tepóng sruna|Tepóng sruna]], [[Wp/mfa/Tepóng ubi kayu|Tepóng ubi kayu]] [[:en:Haji Sulong]], [[:en:Tok Janggut]] [[Wp/mfa/Ladu|Ladu]], [[Wp/mfa/Ginae|Ginae]], [[Wp/mfa/Ggetah|Ggetah]], [[Wp/mfa/Kaki ayae|Kaki ayae]], [[Wp/mfa/Glebóng boyo|Glebóng boyo]], [[Wp/mfa/Locong|Locong]] =otr= * [[Wp/mfa/Guroh]] - [[:wikipedia:ms:Guli]] =Wp/mfa/Lembu= '''Lembu''', '''lemu''' atawo '''lemung''' ni sjenih menate mamaliya hok nyo pero jjadi menate ternokke. Skalonyo ore pero lembu bokte nok buléh ko dagéng nga susu yo utók make. Ado jugok ore guno kulék nga taik lembu wak bajo atawo behe api. =Wp/mfa/Guguh konsonan= {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |- | ! p !! b !! t !! d !! c !! j !! k !! g !! m !! n !! ɲ !! ŋ !! s !! x !! l !! ɣ !! w |- ! p | pp || || || pd || || || || || || pn || || || || || pl || pɣ || |- ! b | || bb || || || || || || || || || || || bs || || bl || bɣ || |- ! t | || tb || tt || || || tj || tk || tg || tm || || || || || || tl || tɣ || (tw) |- ! d | || || || dd || || || || || || || || || || || (dl) || dɣ || |- ! c | cp || || || || cc || || || || cm || || || || || || cl || cɣ || (cw) |- ! j | || || || || || jj || || || jm || jn || || || || || jl || jɣ || jw |- ! k | || kb || || kd || || || kk || || km || || || || || || kl || || (kw) |- ! g | || || || || || || || gg || gm || || || || || || gl || (gɣ) || gw |- ! m | || mb || || || || || || || mm || || || || || || ml || || |- ! n | || || nd || || || || || || || nn || || || || || || || |- ! ɲ | || || || || || || || || || || ɲɲ || || || || || || |- ! ŋ | || || || || || || || ŋg || || || || ŋŋ || || || || || |- ! s | sp || sb || st || sd || sc || sj || sk || sg || sm || sn || || || ss || || sl || sɣ || |- ! x | || || || || || || || || || || || || || xx || || || |- ! l | || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ll || || |- ! ɣ | || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ɣɣ || |} 5njf2zsruu5bzsp0rbt5wxfyv7an07f 0 3562471 7256479 6539668 2026-07-20T10:54:44Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256479 wikitext text/x-wiki [[W:Fatuma Gaiti Ahmed|Fatuma Gaiti Ahmed]] Manjo Janar ce kuma kwamandan rundunar sojojin saman Kenya. Tun asali ita mamba ce a kungiyar mata kawai ta Kenya, inda ta koma aikin sojan sama lokacin da rundunar ta tsunduma cikin ayyukan soja guda uku a shekarar 1999. Fatumah tana da digiri a Cibiyar Diflomasiya da Nazarin Ƙasa da Ƙasa kuma ta yi aiki musamman a matsayin albarkatun ɗan adam. Ita ce Brigadier mace ta farko a Kenya. == Zantuka == *Suka ce 'ba wannan sana'a ce ta mata ba, amma na kuduri aniyar kawo sauyi a rayuwata **[https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c72pl7445kpo] "Kenya ta nada mace ta farko shugabar sojojin sama", "BBC" (Mayu 2, 2024) [[Category:Wq/ha]] fonv19ym5pgfrbpfxgq64pw973ubm00 0 3605139 7255806 7212717 2026-07-19T18:05:07Z トラネコマン 2597037 表記変換器の記述の追加 7255806 wikitext text/x-wiki * <span lang="ain-latn" dir="ltr">'''Aynu itak:''' Tanpe repunkur itak ye kur kasuy pe ne.</span> * <span lang="ja" dir="ltr">'''日本語:''' 非アイヌ語話者向けの議論および案内です。アイヌ語版のウィキペディアについての議論ページは[[Talk:Wp/ain/Uykipenciya Mosem|こちら]]にあります。</span> * <span lang="en" dir="ltr">'''English:''' This page is made for non-Ainu speakers to discuss anything related to the Ainu Wikipedia test project. You can find the discussion page about whole Ainu Wikipedia [[Talk:Wp/ain/Uykipenciya Mosem|here]].</span> * <span lang="ru" dir="ltr">'''Русский:''' Справка для не говорящих на айну. Обсуждение айнской Википедии в целом можно найти [[Talk:Wp/ain/Uykipenciya Mosem|здесь]].</span> == <span lang="ja">日本語</span> | Sisam itak == <div lang="ja"> <span lang="ja" dir="ltr">こちらでは、日本語話者がアイヌ語を学習する助けになる資料へのリンクをいくつか紹介しています。</span> <span lang="ja" dir="ltr">編集について、また編集の助けになる各種のツールについては、[[Wp/ain/Wikipedia:Ikasuy|ikasuy]]のページ（アイヌ語）を参照してください。また、[[b:ja:アイヌ語|Wikibooksのアイヌ語トップページ]]にも纏めてありますので、そちらもご覧ください。</span> <span lang="ja" dir="ltr">外国語話者としての議論や質問は、現在は[[Talk:Wp/ain/Wikipedia:Repunkur itak ye kur kasuy kanpiso|このページのノート]]または[[Talk:Wp/ain/Uykipenciya Mosem|メインページのノート]]にお願いします。</span> <span lang="ja" dir="ltr">一部のサイトで使える表記変換器も用意しました。<br> [https://toracatman.github.io/AinuNotationConverter/index.html アイヌ語の表記変換器]</span> === ウィキメディア・プロジェクト内のアイヌ語に関する記事 === * [[:ja:アイヌ語|アイヌ語 - Wikipedia]] * [[b:Ja:アイヌ語|アイヌ語 - Wikibooks]] * [[wikt:Ja:カテゴリ:アイヌ語|カテゴリ:アイヌ語 - ウィクショナリー日本語版]] * [[v:Ja:Topic:アイヌ語|Topic:アイヌ語 - Wikiversity]] === その他の総合サイト === * [https://ainu-upopoy.go.jp/ 国立アイヌ民族博物館 (ainu-upopoy.go.jp)] * [https://www.ff-ainu.or.jp/index.html 公益財団法人アイヌ民族文化財団 (ff-ainu.or.jp)] * [https://aynu.org/ Aynu.org] * [https://www.aynu.io/ aynu.io] * [https://wikitravel.org/ja/%E3%82%A2%E3%82%A4%E3%83%8C%E8%AA%9E%E4%BC%9A%E8%A9%B1%E9%9B%86 アイヌ語会話集 - ウィキトラベル] === 辞書・用語集・単語検索 === * [https://ainugo.nam.go.jp/ 国立アイヌ民族博物館アイヌ語アーカイブ] * [https://eprints.lib.hokudai.ac.jp/dspace/handle/2115/87707 和愛辞典 : 草稿版（太田 満）―北海道大学アイヌ・先住民研究センター] (石狩方言) ** [https://ieonnekunnep.aynu.io/ 和愛辞典 Web版（非公式）―aynu.io] * 単語リスト (アイヌ語・日本語）‌‍―アイヌ民族文化財団 ** [https://www.ff-ainu.or.jp/web/potal_site/files/ishikari_tango.pdf 石狩川のアイヌ語] (石狩方言) ** [https://www.ff-ainu.or.jp/web/potal_site/files/saru_tango.pdf 沙流のアイヌ語] (沙流方言) ** [https://www.ff-ainu.or.jp/web/potal_site/files/karahuto_tango.pdf カラフトのアイヌ語] (樺太方言・主に西海岸) * [https://ainu.ninjal.ac.jp/topic/ トピック別 アイヌ語会話辞典 ―国立国語研究所] (沙流方言) * [http://tommy1949.world.coocan.jp/aynudictionary.htm アイヌ語電子辞書]（2026/6時点リンク切れ） * [https://itah.aynu.org/ja 樺太アイヌ語 ―Aynu.org] (樺太方言) * [http://itelmen.placo.net/Ainu-archives/index.html アイヌ語鵡川方言 日本語-アイヌ語辞典｜千葉大学大学院 人文社会科学研究科] (鵡川方言) * [https://kampisos.aynu.io/ja Kampisos - アイヌ語オンラインコーパス ―aynu.io] === 学習用の教材 === * [https://www.ff-ainu.or.jp/web/potal_site/radio.html アイヌ語ラジオ講座 - 公益財団法人 アイヌ民族文化財団] * [https://www.ff-ainu.or.jp/web/potal_site/details/post.html アイヌ語教材テキスト | アイヌ語ポータルサイト | 公益財団法人アイヌ民族文化財団] * [https://quiz.aynu.org/ tu itak re itak — Learn Ainu | アイヌ語を学ぼう] * [https://ss1.xrea.com/toracatman.s324.xrea.com/ainu/index.html Tane Aynu Itak Eyaypakasnu Sayto / 現代アイヌ語学習サイト / Modern Ainu Learning Website] === 資料検索 === * [https://db.aynu.org/ja アイヌ語文献資料データベース · アイヌ語文献DB] === アイヌ語に関するWiki === * [https://aynuitah.memo.wiki/ 現代アイヌ語表現] * [https://w.atwiki.jp/ainu/ 現代アイヌ語Wiki | Modern Ainu Wiki | Tane Aynu Itak Wiki - atwiki（アットウィキ）] </div> == <span lang="ru">Русский</span> | <span lang="ain-Latn" dir="ltr">Nuca itax</span>/<span lang="ain-Cyrl" dir="ltr">Нуча итах</span> | <span lang="ain-latn" dir="ltr">Huresisam itak</span> == <div lang="ru"> * [https://vk.com/doc394311720_663749931 Справочник по айнскому языку. Анна Бугаева] </div> == <span lang="en">English</span> | Enkiris / Inkirisunkur itak == <div lang="en"> === Dictionaries === * [https://ainu.ninjal.ac.jp/topic/en/ A Topical Dictionary of Conversational Ainu] (Saru dialect) * [[iarchive:ainuenglishjapan00batcuoft|John Batchelor's Ainu-English-Japanese Dictionary]] * [https://www.raccoonbend.com/languages/ainuenglish.html Ainu-English Word List] === Other resources === * [https://www.aynuitak.org/ Ainu Grammar Guide] (Saru dialect) </div> [[Category:Wp/ain]] dn5fazghoqu1j8onuzy7qwfarq5d23r 0 3610869 7256431 6695596 2026-07-20T10:37:39Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256431 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Fatiha-boudiaf.jpg|thumb|Fatiha Boudiaf]] [[w: Fatiha Boudiaf| Fatiha Boudiaf]] (an haife ta a watan Nuwamba 28, 1944, a Oran) mai fafutukar hakki ce ‘yar Aljeriya, kuma matar marigayi tsohon shugaban ƙasa Mohamed Boudiaf. Ita ta ƙirƙiri Gidauniyar Boudiaf kuma an bata lamban yabo na Yariman Austiriya don Hadin Kai na Kasa da Kasa a shekarar 1988. ==Zantuka== * Ina da daukan bidiyo da abun a’ajabin da ya faru ga Annaba. ** [https://algeria-watch.org/?p=23428 Fatiha Boudiaf talk about the person that killed her husband the former Algerian President Mohamed Boudiaf] * Inada isassun hujjoji da zasu nuna yatsa kai tsaye ga gwamnati. ** [https://algeria-watch.org/?p=23428 Fatiha Boudiaf holds the government responsible for her husband's death] *Na nemi izinin ganin Boumaârafi kurkuku, amma sun hana. ** [https://algeria-watch.org/?p=23428] * Yana da ra’ayi iri daya da namu. ** [https://algeria-watch.org/?p=23428 Fatiha Boudiaf shared her husband's final words before he died] * Ya turo mutane don su shirya zama na sasanci da shugabannin su. ** [https://algeria-watch.org/?p=23428 Fatiha Boudiaf speaks about her husband] * An sadaukar masa ne saboda soyayyarsa da kasar sa. ** [https://algeria-watch.org/?p=23428] * Janar Khaled Nezzar ne ya ce masa ya kubutar da kasar sa, sannan Ali Haroun ya yi tafiya zuwa Morocco don ya yi magana da shi. ** [https://algeria-watch.org/?p=23428 Fatiha Boudiaf discusses those who pleaded with her husband to save the country] * Mutumin da ya harbi miji na ya fi wannan tsawo. ** [https://www.jeuneafrique.com/103722/archives-thematique/le-j-accuse-de-madame-boudiaf/ Fatiha Boudiaf talk about the person who shoot her husband] [[Category:Wq/ha]] dbaxfdw2wsfxilxut6aqmt1sbmm3rsa 0 3612202 7256372 6699537 2026-07-20T09:49:05Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256372 wikitext text/x-wiki [[w:Faouzia Charfi| '''Faouzia Charfi''']] (an haifeta a shekarar 1941 a Sfax, née Rekik) ƴar siyasar kasar Tunusiya ce, masaniyar kimiyya kuma malama. Ta kasance Ministan Jiha ta Ilimi a shekara ta 2011. == Zantuka == * Ta hanyar tarihin kimiyya ne na samu daman zurfafa ilimi na na addini, musamman na musulunci. Ban cika ilimi mai zurfi ba a kan a kan tambayayin tauhidi. Abunda ya fi burgeni shine alakarmu da zamani da kuma tambayoyi a kan sanannun mutane. Ina saka kaina sosai a cikin rubutun masu tunani na zamani daga kasashen musulunci, wanda suka dauki addini ta fuskar kimiyya ba tare da wani ''essentialism'' ba''.'' **[https://medfeminiswiya.net/2022/08/31/scientist-and-scholar-faouzia-charfi-signs-of-regression-are-lurking-everywhere/?lang=en] * Daga yau, zan so cewa kowa zai iya amfani da tunanin shi, su amfana da ilimin da yake na duk duniya, ba kuwa na “Yamma” ba kamar yadda ake kiran sa wani lokacin. Inaso in karfafawa masu karatu da su sake ziyartar tarihin kimiyya a kasashen musulunci da kuma gano tunani mai zurfi. **[https://medfeminiswiya.net/2022/08/31/scientist-and-scholar-faouzia-charfi-signs-of-regression-are-lurking-everywhere/?lang=en] * Sun koyi darasi daga jan-bayan kimiyya a duniyar Larabawa kuma sun nemi matsakaicin hanya don sasanta hadewar addini tare da zamunanci. **[https://medfeminiswiya.net/2022/08/31/scientist-and-scholar-faouzia-charfi-signs-of-regression-are-lurking-everywhere/?lang=en] ==Hanyoyin waje == [[Category:Wq/ha]] av2w7ymn7umk4lzkbybqsh46jykd3v6 0 3616209 7256355 6721332 2026-07-20T09:42:16Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256355 wikitext text/x-wiki '''[[W:Fakhruddin Ahmed|Fakhruddin Ahmed]]''' (an haife shi 1 ga Mayun shekarar 1940) masanin tattalin arzikin Bangladesh ne, ma'aikacin gwamnati, kuma tsohon gwamnan Bankin Bangladesh. == Zantuka == *Bangladesh na adawa da ta'addanci a dukkan abubuwan da suka faru. **[https://www.oneindia.com/2008/08/02/karzai-attacks-pakistan-terror-links-saarc-summit-1217671500.html] Karzai ya kai hari Pakistan kan alakar ta'addanci a taron SAARC *Ba za mu iya yin sako-sako da wannan yaki da akidar kiyayya, son rai da masu son ruguza al’umma ba. **[https://www.oneindia.com/2008/08/02/karzai-attacks-pakistan-terror-links-saarc-summit-1217671500.html] Karzai ya kai hari Pakistan kan alakar ta'addanci a taron SAARC [[Category:Wq/ha]] kmrd08u22qk2z8g4sn4gb7lzrp0m898 0 3619238 7255842 7178479 2026-07-19T19:42:56Z Ngabirano johnan 2662404 Grammatical correction 7255842 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q1229798}} '''Disiturikiti ya Bugiri''' ni disiturikiti eri omu burugwa-izooba bwa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|yuganda]]. Nka disiturikiti ezindi omuri [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|yuganda]], niryo rikwetwa eiziina ry'orurembo rwayo oruhango orwa Bugiri, ahu ekitebe kikuru kya disiturikiti kiri. Disiturikiti ya Bugiri eine ensharo na Disiturikiti ya Namutumba na Butaleja omu matemba gaayo, Disiturikiti ya Tororo omu matemba g'oburugwa izooba, Disiturikiti ya Busia omu burugwa izooba, Disiturikiti ya Namayingo omu mashuuma g'oburugwa izooba, Disiturikiti ya Mayuge omu mashuuma ga [1] Bugiri, ekitebe kikuru kya disiturikiti, kirashangwa kiromita 77 (mayiro 48), aha ruguuto, burugwa izooba bwa Jinja, orurembo orurikukirayo obuhango omu kicweka kya Busoga. [1] Obutebeekanisa bwa disiturikiti ni:0033N,3345E (Latitude:0. 5500; Oburingwa:33. 7500). Disiturikiti ya Bugiri ekasharwa aha Disiturikiti ya Iganga. Eitaka yaayo n'ery'emishozi eririmu ogwezo rukye. Ekindi ekirikukwata aha disiturikiti n'okugira ngu eshangwa omu mwanya ogurikwetoroora , kandi ebicweka 90 ahari igana by'eitaka ryakyo n'ebisharara by'enyanja Nalubaale hamwe n'enyanja Kyoga. N'ekyarugiremu, hariho ebisharara bingi ebirikucwekanisa enguuto, ekirikureetera esente z'okutereeza enguuto kuba nyingi. Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri 2010, ekicweka ky'amashuuma ekya disiturikiti ya Bugiri kikataanisibwa kitandikaho disiturikiti ya Namayingo. Disiturikiti ya Bugiri n'emwe aha kicweka kya Busoga, ekirikuhikaana n'obugabe bwa Busoga, obumwe aha bugabe oburikwikirizibwa omu ngyenderwaho y'eihanga omu Uganda. Kurugirira aha kubara abantu okwakozirwe omuri 2002, ekicweka ekyo kikaba kiine abantu 2. abantu miriyoni 5 omu bwire obwo. Disiturikiti ezirikukora ekicweka kya Busoga harimu: Disiturikiti ya Bugiri, [[Wp/nyn/Buyende District|Disiturikiti ya Buyende]], Disiturikiti ya Iganga, Disiturikiti ya Jinja, Disiturikiti ya Kaliro, Disiturikiti ya Kamuli, Disiturikiti ya Luuka, Disiturikiti ya Mayuge. == Omuhendo gw'abantu == Okubara kw'abantu omu ihanga ryona okwakozirwe omuri 1991 kukateebereza ngu abantu ba disiturikiti bakaba bari 171,300. Okubara abantu omu ihanga ryona omuri 2002 kukatebeekanisa abantu ba disiturikiti nka 237,400. Okweyongyera kw'abantu omu disiturikiti buri mwaka nikubariirwa nka 6. ebicweka ikumi ahari igana. Omuri 2012 omuhendo gw'abantu omuri disiturikiti ya Bugiri gukaba nigubarirwa 426,800. [1] == Emirimo y'ebyentasya == Eby'obuhingi n'oburiisa nibyo bikuru omu disiturikiti nka disiturikiti ezindi omw'eihanga. Ebihingirwe ebikuru harimu: ebitooki, Muhogo, Ebicoori, Omwani, omugusha, Ebihimba, Ebitookye. Lowland Rice Tilda Uganda Limited (TUL), ekitongore ky'eby'obuhingi n'oburiisa eky'eby'obushubuzi, nikihinga omuceeri gw'eby'obushubuzi ahari Kibimba Rice Scheme, omu Abahingi n'abariisa ab'abantu buntu nabo nibaguza TUL eby'amasharuura gaabo. Ahabw'obwingi bw'amaizi marungi omu disiturikiti, abantu baingi omu disiturikiti ya Bugiri nibashoha eby'obushubuzi. Obumwe, disiturikiti ekaba neekora ebyenyanja ebirikwingana taani makumi ana buri izooba. Eky'obusaasi, ahabw'obushohi obutarikwikirizibwa, ebyenyanja omunyanja Nalubaale bitabukire munonga kandi biri haihi kuhwaho. Okuruga obwo, omuhendo gw'ebyenyanja ogurikukwatwa buriizooba gukyendeire kuruga aha muhendo oguri ahaiguru. Ahaiguru y'obuhangwa bw'ebyenyanja, ebicweka makumi ataano na bitaano ahari makumi ataano eby'ebyenyanja bikaba biguzibwa aheeru y'eihanga (okukira munonga omuri Buraaya y'oburengyerwa-izooba), ebicweka makumi abiri na bitaano ahari igana bikaba nibikoresibwa omwihanga kandi ebicweka ataano ahari igana bika. Abantu Phillip Wafula Oguttu, akaba ari omukiiki omwishengyero omuri Bukhooli County Central, omu disiturikiti ya Bugiri. Frederick Douglas Mwanja Mukisa, akaba ari omwegyesa kandi omu by'obutegyeki omu Uganda. Akaheereza nka minisita w'eby'obushohi omu kabineti ya Uganda, kuruga ekiro 1 Okwa mukaaga omuri 2006 kuhisya ebiro 27 Okwa kataano omuri 2011. Akaheereza omu ishengyero rya Uganda, arikujwekyera "Bukooli County Central," disiturikiti ya Bugiri, reeba n'eya Bugiri, Busoga n'oburugwa izooba bwa Uganda. [[Category:Wp/nyn]] pmiw2414ntv0g58ae6yob5q23n06cjq 7255843 7255842 2026-07-19T19:44:11Z Ngabirano johnan 2662404 Grammatical correction 7255843 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q1229798}} '''Disiturikiti ya Bugiri''' ni disiturikiti eri omu burugwa-izooba bwa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|yuganda]]. Nka disiturikiti ezindi omuri [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|yuganda]], niryo rikwetwa eiziina ry'orurembo rwayo oruhango orwa Bugiri, ahu ekitebe kikuru kya disiturikiti kiri. Disiturikiti ya Bugiri eine ensharo na Disiturikiti ya Namutumba na Butaleja omu matemba gaayo, Disiturikiti ya Tororo omu matemba g'oburugwa izooba, Disiturikiti ya Busia omu burugwa izooba, Disiturikiti ya Namayingo omu mashuuma g'oburugwa izooba, Disiturikiti ya Mayuge omu mashuuma ga [1] Bugiri, ekitebe kikuru kya disiturikiti, kirashangwa kiromita 77 (mayiro 48), aha ruguuto, burugwa izooba bwa Jinja, orurembo orurikukirayo obuhango omu kicweka kya Busoga. [1] Obutebeekanisa bwa disiturikiti ni:0033N,3345E (Latitude:0. 5500; Oburingwa:33. 7500). Disiturikiti ya Bugiri ekasharwa aha Disiturikiti ya Iganga. Eitaka byaayo n'ery'emishozi eririmu ogwezo rukye. Ekindi ekirikukwata aha disiturikiti n'okugira ngu eshangwa omu mwanya ogurikwetoroora , kandi ebicweka 90 ahari igana by'eitaka ryakyo n'ebisharara by'enyanja Nalubaale hamwe n'enyanja Kyoga. N'ekyarugiremu, hariho ebisharara bingi ebirikucwekanisa enguuto, ekirikureetera esente z'okutereeza enguuto kuba nyingi. Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri 2010, ekicweka ky'amashuuma ekya disiturikiti ya Bugiri kikataanisibwa kitandikaho disiturikiti ya Namayingo. Disiturikiti ya Bugiri n'emwe aha kicweka kya Busoga, ekirikuhikaana n'obugabe bwa Busoga, obumwe aha bugabe oburikwikirizibwa omu ngyenderwaho y'eihanga omu Uganda. Kurugirira aha kubara abantu okwakozirwe omuri 2002, ekicweka ekyo kikaba kiine abantu 2. abantu miriyoni 5 omu bwire obwo. Disiturikiti ezirikukora ekicweka kya Busoga harimu: Disiturikiti ya Bugiri, [[Wp/nyn/Buyende District|Disiturikiti ya Buyende]], Disiturikiti ya Iganga, Disiturikiti ya Jinja, Disiturikiti ya Kaliro, Disiturikiti ya Kamuli, Disiturikiti ya Luuka, Disiturikiti ya Mayuge. == Omuhendo gw'abantu == Okubara kw'abantu omu ihanga ryona okwakozirwe omuri 1991 kukateebereza ngu abantu ba disiturikiti bakaba bari 171,300. Okubara abantu omu ihanga ryona omuri 2002 kukatebeekanisa abantu ba disiturikiti nka 237,400. Okweyongyera kw'abantu omu disiturikiti buri mwaka nikubariirwa nka 6. ebicweka ikumi ahari igana. Omuri 2012 omuhendo gw'abantu omuri disiturikiti ya Bugiri gukaba nigubarirwa 426,800. [1] == Emirimo y'ebyentasya == Eby'obuhingi n'oburiisa nibyo bikuru omu disiturikiti nka disiturikiti ezindi omw'eihanga. Ebihingirwe ebikuru harimu: ebitooki, Muhogo, Ebicoori, Omwani, omugusha, Ebihimba, Ebitookye. Lowland Rice Tilda Uganda Limited (TUL), ekitongore ky'eby'obuhingi n'oburiisa eky'eby'obushubuzi, nikihinga omuceeri gw'eby'obushubuzi ahari Kibimba Rice Scheme, omu Abahingi n'abariisa ab'abantu buntu nabo nibaguza TUL eby'amasharuura gaabo. Ahabw'obwingi bw'amaizi marungi omu disiturikiti, abantu baingi omu disiturikiti ya Bugiri nibashoha eby'obushubuzi. Obumwe, disiturikiti ekaba neekora ebyenyanja ebirikwingana taani makumi ana buri izooba. Eky'obusaasi, ahabw'obushohi obutarikwikirizibwa, ebyenyanja omunyanja Nalubaale bitabukire munonga kandi biri haihi kuhwaho. Okuruga obwo, omuhendo gw'ebyenyanja ogurikukwatwa buriizooba gukyendeire kuruga aha muhendo oguri ahaiguru. Ahaiguru y'obuhangwa bw'ebyenyanja, ebicweka makumi ataano na bitaano ahari makumi ataano eby'ebyenyanja bikaba biguzibwa aheeru y'eihanga (okukira munonga omuri Buraaya y'oburengyerwa-izooba), ebicweka makumi abiri na bitaano ahari igana bikaba nibikoresibwa omwihanga kandi ebicweka ataano ahari igana bika. Abantu Phillip Wafula Oguttu, akaba ari omukiiki omwishengyero omuri Bukhooli County Central, omu disiturikiti ya Bugiri. Frederick Douglas Mwanja Mukisa, akaba ari omwegyesa kandi omu by'obutegyeki omu Uganda. Akaheereza nka minisita w'eby'obushohi omu kabineti ya Uganda, kuruga ekiro 1 Okwa mukaaga omuri 2006 kuhisya ebiro 27 Okwa kataano omuri 2011. Akaheereza omu ishengyero rya Uganda, arikujwekyera "Bukooli County Central," disiturikiti ya Bugiri, reeba n'eya Bugiri, Busoga n'oburugwa izooba bwa Uganda. [[Category:Wp/nyn]] c4krctukhdckf33td7t3mgxjbtrjelb 0 3619921 7256493 7249582 2026-07-20T11:03:34Z Rooth N 2608660 7256493 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q804430}} '''Abakiga''' (''abantu b'omu nshozi''), n'Oruganda rw'abantu, oruraruga omu mashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] hamwe n'omu matemba ga Rwanda.<ref>"[https://www.101lasttribes.com/tribes/bakiga.html AFRICA | 101 Last Tribes - Bakiga people]". ''www.101lasttribes.com''. Retrieved 2024-01-12.</ref> == '''''Oburugo''''' == [[File:Bakiga dance.png|thumb|''Bakiga'' ]] Abakiga barateekateekwaho kuba baarugire [[Wp/nyn/Rwanda|Rwanda]]. Eki kiragambwaho omuri kimwe aha byeshongoro byabo eby'enzaarwa. Abakiga boona bakaruga Rwanda omu Byumba na Ruhengyere. Byumba na Ruhengyere n'endembo eziri muri Rwanda obwa hati. Abakiga barateekateekwaho kuba nibo baijukuru ba Kashiga, owaijire kwetwa Kakiga bwanyima. Kiragambwa ngu ni mutabani wa Mbogo kuruga omu bugabe bwa Bumbogo obwa Rwanda owaafurukiire omu kicweka ky'amashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] akatandikaho ekicweka ekiriho hati ekya Bakiga ba Kigezi. [1] Omu mwaka gwa1700 gutakahikire, Rwanda ekatwarwa Abatwa, abaahererukire kwegaitwaho Abahutu. Rwanda omu bwire obwo ekaba erimu amahanga makye n'obutegyeki bukye buri kukwataniisa aha nsi y'omutegyeki omwe ohu bareeta Mwami. Akaba aramanywa nk'Omukama. Omu Bakiga, omuntu owaabaire aine obushoboorozi akaba areetwa Mukama, nari Mwami omu bicweka ebindi ebya Rwanda. [1] Omu biro eby'okubanza, Mukama nikyo kitiiniisa ekyabaire kiraheebwa omukuru. Bwanyima, abantu bakatwara Mukama nk'eiziina ry'abaana baabo (ekirikumanyisa "omwebembezi" nainga "omutegyeki"). Aba bakaba bari batabani b'amaka g'ekika ekiri omu butegyeki ekya ba Muhutu. Omuntu weena ori kwetererwa eiziina Mukama, ashemereire kuba ari Omuhutu, okukira munonga Mungura/Mwitira, nainga ari ow'ekika ky'obugabe ekya Baamuhutu. Omu bunaku obwo ahanyima y'okujanjaara kw'obukurisitaayo, eiziina rikyakoreesibwa nka rimwe aha maziina ga Ruhanga. Ah'abw'enshonga egi, abantu hati b'arakoreesa eiziina erindi. Ekyokureeberaho Byamukama, Kyomukama, Owamukama, Kamukama na Bainomukama. [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q804430}} 4947jp9rakxciy9hdrgu3909lr7hfep 7256494 7256493 2026-07-20T11:04:11Z Rooth N 2608660 7256494 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q804430}} '''Abakiga''' (''abantu b'omu nshozi''), n'Oruganda rw'abantu, oruraruga omu mashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] hamwe n'omu matemba ga Rwanda.<ref>"[https://www.101lasttribes.com/tribes/bakiga.html AFRICA | 101 Last Tribes - Bakiga people]". ''www.101lasttribes.com''. Retrieved 2024-01-12.</ref><ref>"[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/people-power/how-bakiga-migrated-from-rwanda-to-kabale-1690602 How Bakiga migrated from Rwanda to Kabale]". ''Monitor''. 2021-01-09. Retrieved 2024-01-23.</ref> == '''''Oburugo''''' == [[File:Bakiga dance.png|thumb|''Bakiga'' ]] Abakiga barateekateekwaho kuba baarugire [[Wp/nyn/Rwanda|Rwanda]]. Eki kiragambwaho omuri kimwe aha byeshongoro byabo eby'enzaarwa. Abakiga boona bakaruga Rwanda omu Byumba na Ruhengyere. Byumba na Ruhengyere n'endembo eziri muri Rwanda obwa hati. Abakiga barateekateekwaho kuba nibo baijukuru ba Kashiga, owaijire kwetwa Kakiga bwanyima. Kiragambwa ngu ni mutabani wa Mbogo kuruga omu bugabe bwa Bumbogo obwa Rwanda owaafurukiire omu kicweka ky'amashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] akatandikaho ekicweka ekiriho hati ekya Bakiga ba Kigezi. [1] Omu mwaka gwa1700 gutakahikire, Rwanda ekatwarwa Abatwa, abaahererukire kwegaitwaho Abahutu. Rwanda omu bwire obwo ekaba erimu amahanga makye n'obutegyeki bukye buri kukwataniisa aha nsi y'omutegyeki omwe ohu bareeta Mwami. Akaba aramanywa nk'Omukama. Omu Bakiga, omuntu owaabaire aine obushoboorozi akaba areetwa Mukama, nari Mwami omu bicweka ebindi ebya Rwanda. [1] Omu biro eby'okubanza, Mukama nikyo kitiiniisa ekyabaire kiraheebwa omukuru. Bwanyima, abantu bakatwara Mukama nk'eiziina ry'abaana baabo (ekirikumanyisa "omwebembezi" nainga "omutegyeki"). Aba bakaba bari batabani b'amaka g'ekika ekiri omu butegyeki ekya ba Muhutu. Omuntu weena ori kwetererwa eiziina Mukama, ashemereire kuba ari Omuhutu, okukira munonga Mungura/Mwitira, nainga ari ow'ekika ky'obugabe ekya Baamuhutu. Omu bunaku obwo ahanyima y'okujanjaara kw'obukurisitaayo, eiziina rikyakoreesibwa nka rimwe aha maziina ga Ruhanga. Ah'abw'enshonga egi, abantu hati b'arakoreesa eiziina erindi. Ekyokureeberaho Byamukama, Kyomukama, Owamukama, Kamukama na Bainomukama. [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q804430}} q20iqke36myeqzf4r14t3d2futxffsy 7256495 7256494 2026-07-20T11:05:06Z Rooth N 2608660 7256495 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q804430}} '''Abakiga''' (''abantu b'omu nshozi''), n'Oruganda rw'abantu, oruraruga omu mashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] hamwe n'omu matemba ga Rwanda.<ref>"[https://www.101lasttribes.com/tribes/bakiga.html AFRICA | 101 Last Tribes - Bakiga people]". ''www.101lasttribes.com''. Retrieved 2024-01-12.</ref><ref>"[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/people-power/how-bakiga-migrated-from-rwanda-to-kabale-1690602 How Bakiga migrated from Rwanda to Kabale]". ''Monitor''. 2021-01-09. Retrieved 2024-01-23.</ref> == '''''Oburugo''''' == [[File:Bakiga dance.png|thumb|''Bakiga'' ]] Abakiga barateekateekwaho kuba baarugire [[Wp/nyn/Rwanda|Rwanda]]. Eki kiragambwaho omuri kimwe aha byeshongoro byabo eby'enzaarwa. Abakiga boona bakaruga Rwanda omu Byumba na Ruhengyere. Byumba na Ruhengyere n'endembo eziri muri Rwanda obwa hati.<ref>"[https://www.monitor.co.ug/Magazines/PeoplePower/How-Bakiga-migrated-from-Rwanda-to-Kabale/689844-3836608-udasqhz/index.html How Bakiga migrated from Rwanda to Kabale]". ''Daily Monitor''. Retrieved 2020-05-30.</ref> Abakiga barateekateekwaho kuba nibo baijukuru ba Kashiga, owaijire kwetwa Kakiga bwanyima. Kiragambwa ngu ni mutabani wa Mbogo kuruga omu bugabe bwa Bumbogo obwa Rwanda owaafurukiire omu kicweka ky'amashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] akatandikaho ekicweka ekiriho hati ekya Bakiga ba Kigezi. [1] Omu mwaka gwa1700 gutakahikire, Rwanda ekatwarwa Abatwa, abaahererukire kwegaitwaho Abahutu. Rwanda omu bwire obwo ekaba erimu amahanga makye n'obutegyeki bukye buri kukwataniisa aha nsi y'omutegyeki omwe ohu bareeta Mwami. Akaba aramanywa nk'Omukama. Omu Bakiga, omuntu owaabaire aine obushoboorozi akaba areetwa Mukama, nari Mwami omu bicweka ebindi ebya Rwanda. [1] Omu biro eby'okubanza, Mukama nikyo kitiiniisa ekyabaire kiraheebwa omukuru. Bwanyima, abantu bakatwara Mukama nk'eiziina ry'abaana baabo (ekirikumanyisa "omwebembezi" nainga "omutegyeki"). Aba bakaba bari batabani b'amaka g'ekika ekiri omu butegyeki ekya ba Muhutu. Omuntu weena ori kwetererwa eiziina Mukama, ashemereire kuba ari Omuhutu, okukira munonga Mungura/Mwitira, nainga ari ow'ekika ky'obugabe ekya Baamuhutu. Omu bunaku obwo ahanyima y'okujanjaara kw'obukurisitaayo, eiziina rikyakoreesibwa nka rimwe aha maziina ga Ruhanga. Ah'abw'enshonga egi, abantu hati b'arakoreesa eiziina erindi. Ekyokureeberaho Byamukama, Kyomukama, Owamukama, Kamukama na Bainomukama. [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q804430}} n2mjbhvr26tcs3hit7fby82u1k12bu3 7256496 7256495 2026-07-20T11:05:43Z Rooth N 2608660 7256496 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q804430}} '''Abakiga''' (''abantu b'omu nshozi''), n'Oruganda rw'abantu, oruraruga omu mashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] hamwe n'omu matemba ga Rwanda.<ref>"[https://www.101lasttribes.com/tribes/bakiga.html AFRICA | 101 Last Tribes - Bakiga people]". ''www.101lasttribes.com''. Retrieved 2024-01-12.</ref><ref>"[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/people-power/how-bakiga-migrated-from-rwanda-to-kabale-1690602 How Bakiga migrated from Rwanda to Kabale]". ''Monitor''. 2021-01-09. Retrieved 2024-01-23.</ref> == '''''Oburugo''''' == [[File:Bakiga dance.png|thumb|''Bakiga'' ]] Abakiga barateekateekwaho kuba baarugire [[Wp/nyn/Rwanda|Rwanda]]. Eki kiragambwaho omuri kimwe aha byeshongoro byabo eby'enzaarwa. Abakiga boona bakaruga Rwanda omu Byumba na Ruhengyere. Byumba na Ruhengyere n'endembo eziri muri Rwanda obwa hati.<ref>"[https://www.monitor.co.ug/Magazines/PeoplePower/How-Bakiga-migrated-from-Rwanda-to-Kabale/689844-3836608-udasqhz/index.html How Bakiga migrated from Rwanda to Kabale]". ''Daily Monitor''. Retrieved 2020-05-30.</ref><ref>"[https://eastafricanwatch.net/read-about-the-unique-bakiga-tribe-of-western-uganda/ Read about the unique Bakiga tribe of Western Uganda - The East African Watch]". 2022-09-22. Retrieved 2024-01-12.</ref> Abakiga barateekateekwaho kuba nibo baijukuru ba Kashiga, owaijire kwetwa Kakiga bwanyima. Kiragambwa ngu ni mutabani wa Mbogo kuruga omu bugabe bwa Bumbogo obwa Rwanda owaafurukiire omu kicweka ky'amashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] akatandikaho ekicweka ekiriho hati ekya Bakiga ba Kigezi. [1] Omu mwaka gwa1700 gutakahikire, Rwanda ekatwarwa Abatwa, abaahererukire kwegaitwaho Abahutu. Rwanda omu bwire obwo ekaba erimu amahanga makye n'obutegyeki bukye buri kukwataniisa aha nsi y'omutegyeki omwe ohu bareeta Mwami. Akaba aramanywa nk'Omukama. Omu Bakiga, omuntu owaabaire aine obushoboorozi akaba areetwa Mukama, nari Mwami omu bicweka ebindi ebya Rwanda. [1] Omu biro eby'okubanza, Mukama nikyo kitiiniisa ekyabaire kiraheebwa omukuru. Bwanyima, abantu bakatwara Mukama nk'eiziina ry'abaana baabo (ekirikumanyisa "omwebembezi" nainga "omutegyeki"). Aba bakaba bari batabani b'amaka g'ekika ekiri omu butegyeki ekya ba Muhutu. Omuntu weena ori kwetererwa eiziina Mukama, ashemereire kuba ari Omuhutu, okukira munonga Mungura/Mwitira, nainga ari ow'ekika ky'obugabe ekya Baamuhutu. Omu bunaku obwo ahanyima y'okujanjaara kw'obukurisitaayo, eiziina rikyakoreesibwa nka rimwe aha maziina ga Ruhanga. Ah'abw'enshonga egi, abantu hati b'arakoreesa eiziina erindi. Ekyokureeberaho Byamukama, Kyomukama, Owamukama, Kamukama na Bainomukama. [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q804430}} b16h6iagp9d5zzj4dyz9bdy3hj9mrpy 7256497 7256496 2026-07-20T11:06:37Z Rooth N 2608660 7256497 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q804430}} '''Abakiga''' (''abantu b'omu nshozi''), n'Oruganda rw'abantu, oruraruga omu mashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] hamwe n'omu matemba ga Rwanda.<ref>"[https://www.101lasttribes.com/tribes/bakiga.html AFRICA | 101 Last Tribes - Bakiga people]". ''www.101lasttribes.com''. Retrieved 2024-01-12.</ref><ref>"[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/people-power/how-bakiga-migrated-from-rwanda-to-kabale-1690602 How Bakiga migrated from Rwanda to Kabale]". ''Monitor''. 2021-01-09. Retrieved 2024-01-23.</ref> == '''''Oburugo''''' == [[File:Bakiga dance.png|thumb|''Bakiga'' ]] Abakiga barateekateekwaho kuba baarugire [[Wp/nyn/Rwanda|Rwanda]]. Eki kiragambwaho omuri kimwe aha byeshongoro byabo eby'enzaarwa. Abakiga boona bakaruga Rwanda omu Byumba na Ruhengyere. Byumba na Ruhengyere n'endembo eziri muri Rwanda obwa hati.<ref>"[https://www.monitor.co.ug/Magazines/PeoplePower/How-Bakiga-migrated-from-Rwanda-to-Kabale/689844-3836608-udasqhz/index.html How Bakiga migrated from Rwanda to Kabale]". ''Daily Monitor''. Retrieved 2020-05-30.</ref><ref>"[https://eastafricanwatch.net/read-about-the-unique-bakiga-tribe-of-western-uganda/ Read about the unique Bakiga tribe of Western Uganda - The East African Watch]". 2022-09-22. Retrieved 2024-01-12.</ref><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20210121213807/http://www.ugandatravelguide.com/bakiga-culture.html THE BAKIGA | Uganda Travel Guide]". ''Uganda Travel Guide &#x7C; Uganda's Leading Travel Guiding''. 2014-08-06. Archived from [http://www.ugandatravelguide.com/bakiga-culture.html the original] on 2021-01-21. Retrieved 2024-02-04.</ref> Abakiga barateekateekwaho kuba nibo baijukuru ba Kashiga, owaijire kwetwa Kakiga bwanyima. Kiragambwa ngu ni mutabani wa Mbogo kuruga omu bugabe bwa Bumbogo obwa Rwanda owaafurukiire omu kicweka ky'amashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] akatandikaho ekicweka ekiriho hati ekya Bakiga ba Kigezi. [1] Omu mwaka gwa1700 gutakahikire, Rwanda ekatwarwa Abatwa, abaahererukire kwegaitwaho Abahutu. Rwanda omu bwire obwo ekaba erimu amahanga makye n'obutegyeki bukye buri kukwataniisa aha nsi y'omutegyeki omwe ohu bareeta Mwami. Akaba aramanywa nk'Omukama. Omu Bakiga, omuntu owaabaire aine obushoboorozi akaba areetwa Mukama, nari Mwami omu bicweka ebindi ebya Rwanda. [1] Omu biro eby'okubanza, Mukama nikyo kitiiniisa ekyabaire kiraheebwa omukuru. Bwanyima, abantu bakatwara Mukama nk'eiziina ry'abaana baabo (ekirikumanyisa "omwebembezi" nainga "omutegyeki"). Aba bakaba bari batabani b'amaka g'ekika ekiri omu butegyeki ekya ba Muhutu. Omuntu weena ori kwetererwa eiziina Mukama, ashemereire kuba ari Omuhutu, okukira munonga Mungura/Mwitira, nainga ari ow'ekika ky'obugabe ekya Baamuhutu. Omu bunaku obwo ahanyima y'okujanjaara kw'obukurisitaayo, eiziina rikyakoreesibwa nka rimwe aha maziina ga Ruhanga. Ah'abw'enshonga egi, abantu hati b'arakoreesa eiziina erindi. Ekyokureeberaho Byamukama, Kyomukama, Owamukama, Kamukama na Bainomukama. [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q804430}} dlvj1absyl174rj5zw9fyl15a8a8g16 7256498 7256497 2026-07-20T11:07:20Z Rooth N 2608660 7256498 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q804430}} '''Abakiga''' (''abantu b'omu nshozi''), n'Oruganda rw'abantu, oruraruga omu mashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] hamwe n'omu matemba ga Rwanda.<ref>"[https://www.101lasttribes.com/tribes/bakiga.html AFRICA | 101 Last Tribes - Bakiga people]". ''www.101lasttribes.com''. Retrieved 2024-01-12.</ref><ref>"[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/people-power/how-bakiga-migrated-from-rwanda-to-kabale-1690602 How Bakiga migrated from Rwanda to Kabale]". ''Monitor''. 2021-01-09. Retrieved 2024-01-23.</ref> == '''''Oburugo''''' == [[File:Bakiga dance.png|thumb|''Bakiga'' ]] Abakiga barateekateekwaho kuba baarugire [[Wp/nyn/Rwanda|Rwanda]]. Eki kiragambwaho omuri kimwe aha byeshongoro byabo eby'enzaarwa. Abakiga boona bakaruga Rwanda omu Byumba na Ruhengyere. Byumba na Ruhengyere n'endembo eziri muri Rwanda obwa hati.<ref name=":0">"[https://www.monitor.co.ug/Magazines/PeoplePower/How-Bakiga-migrated-from-Rwanda-to-Kabale/689844-3836608-udasqhz/index.html How Bakiga migrated from Rwanda to Kabale]". ''Daily Monitor''. Retrieved 2020-05-30.</ref><ref>"[https://eastafricanwatch.net/read-about-the-unique-bakiga-tribe-of-western-uganda/ Read about the unique Bakiga tribe of Western Uganda - The East African Watch]". 2022-09-22. Retrieved 2024-01-12.</ref><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20210121213807/http://www.ugandatravelguide.com/bakiga-culture.html THE BAKIGA | Uganda Travel Guide]". ''Uganda Travel Guide &#x7C; Uganda's Leading Travel Guiding''. 2014-08-06. Archived from [http://www.ugandatravelguide.com/bakiga-culture.html the original] on 2021-01-21. Retrieved 2024-02-04.</ref> Abakiga barateekateekwaho kuba nibo baijukuru ba Kashiga, owaijire kwetwa Kakiga bwanyima. Kiragambwa ngu ni mutabani wa Mbogo kuruga omu bugabe bwa Bumbogo obwa Rwanda owaafurukiire omu kicweka ky'amashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] akatandikaho ekicweka ekiriho hati ekya Bakiga ba Kigezi.<ref name=":0" /> Omu mwaka gwa1700 gutakahikire, Rwanda ekatwarwa Abatwa, abaahererukire kwegaitwaho Abahutu. Rwanda omu bwire obwo ekaba erimu amahanga makye n'obutegyeki bukye buri kukwataniisa aha nsi y'omutegyeki omwe ohu bareeta Mwami. Akaba aramanywa nk'Omukama. Omu Bakiga, omuntu owaabaire aine obushoboorozi akaba areetwa Mukama, nari Mwami omu bicweka ebindi ebya Rwanda. [1] Omu biro eby'okubanza, Mukama nikyo kitiiniisa ekyabaire kiraheebwa omukuru. Bwanyima, abantu bakatwara Mukama nk'eiziina ry'abaana baabo (ekirikumanyisa "omwebembezi" nainga "omutegyeki"). Aba bakaba bari batabani b'amaka g'ekika ekiri omu butegyeki ekya ba Muhutu. Omuntu weena ori kwetererwa eiziina Mukama, ashemereire kuba ari Omuhutu, okukira munonga Mungura/Mwitira, nainga ari ow'ekika ky'obugabe ekya Baamuhutu. Omu bunaku obwo ahanyima y'okujanjaara kw'obukurisitaayo, eiziina rikyakoreesibwa nka rimwe aha maziina ga Ruhanga. Ah'abw'enshonga egi, abantu hati b'arakoreesa eiziina erindi. Ekyokureeberaho Byamukama, Kyomukama, Owamukama, Kamukama na Bainomukama. [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q804430}} bpcxs402m3hq945orzfh4vlrcr61yqn 7256499 7256498 2026-07-20T11:09:11Z Rooth N 2608660 7256499 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q804430}} '''Abakiga''' (''abantu b'omu nshozi''), n'Oruganda rw'abantu, oruraruga omu mashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] hamwe n'omu matemba ga Rwanda.<ref>"[https://www.101lasttribes.com/tribes/bakiga.html AFRICA | 101 Last Tribes - Bakiga people]". ''www.101lasttribes.com''. Retrieved 2024-01-12.</ref><ref>"[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/people-power/how-bakiga-migrated-from-rwanda-to-kabale-1690602 How Bakiga migrated from Rwanda to Kabale]". ''Monitor''. 2021-01-09. Retrieved 2024-01-23.</ref> == '''''Oburugo''''' == [[File:Bakiga dance.png|thumb|''Bakiga'' ]] Abakiga barateekateekwaho kuba baarugire [[Wp/nyn/Rwanda|Rwanda]]. Eki kiragambwaho omuri kimwe aha byeshongoro byabo eby'enzaarwa. Abakiga boona bakaruga Rwanda omu Byumba na Ruhengyere. Byumba na Ruhengyere n'endembo eziri muri Rwanda obwa hati.<ref name=":0">"[https://www.monitor.co.ug/Magazines/PeoplePower/How-Bakiga-migrated-from-Rwanda-to-Kabale/689844-3836608-udasqhz/index.html How Bakiga migrated from Rwanda to Kabale]". ''Daily Monitor''. Retrieved 2020-05-30.</ref><ref>"[https://eastafricanwatch.net/read-about-the-unique-bakiga-tribe-of-western-uganda/ Read about the unique Bakiga tribe of Western Uganda - The East African Watch]". 2022-09-22. Retrieved 2024-01-12.</ref><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20210121213807/http://www.ugandatravelguide.com/bakiga-culture.html THE BAKIGA | Uganda Travel Guide]". ''Uganda Travel Guide &#x7C; Uganda's Leading Travel Guiding''. 2014-08-06. Archived from [http://www.ugandatravelguide.com/bakiga-culture.html the original] on 2021-01-21. Retrieved 2024-02-04.</ref> Abakiga barateekateekwaho kuba nibo baijukuru ba Kashiga, owaijire kwetwa Kakiga bwanyima. Kiragambwa ngu ni mutabani wa Mbogo kuruga omu bugabe bwa Bumbogo obwa Rwanda owaafurukiire omu kicweka ky'amashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] akatandikaho ekicweka ekiriho hati ekya Bakiga ba Kigezi.<ref name=":0" /> Omu mwaka gwa1700 gutakahikire, Rwanda ekatwarwa Abatwa, abaahererukire kwegaitwaho Abahutu. Rwanda omu bwire obwo ekaba erimu amahanga makye n'obutegyeki bukye buri kukwataniisa aha nsi y'omutegyeki omwe ohu bareeta Mwami. Akaba aramanywa nk'Omukama.<ref>Uzoigwe, G. N.; Denoon, Donald (1975). "A History of Kigezi in South-West Uganda". ''The International Journal of African Historical Studies''. '''8''': 16. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.2307/217613|10.2307/217613]]. [[:en:JSTOR_(identifier)|JSTOR]]&#x20;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/217613 217613].</ref> Omu Bakiga, omuntu owaabaire aine obushoboorozi akaba areetwa Mukama, nari Mwami omu bicweka ebindi ebya Rwanda. [1] Omu biro eby'okubanza, Mukama nikyo kitiiniisa ekyabaire kiraheebwa omukuru. Bwanyima, abantu bakatwara Mukama nk'eiziina ry'abaana baabo (ekirikumanyisa "omwebembezi" nainga "omutegyeki"). Aba bakaba bari batabani b'amaka g'ekika ekiri omu butegyeki ekya ba Muhutu. Omuntu weena ori kwetererwa eiziina Mukama, ashemereire kuba ari Omuhutu, okukira munonga Mungura/Mwitira, nainga ari ow'ekika ky'obugabe ekya Baamuhutu. Omu bunaku obwo ahanyima y'okujanjaara kw'obukurisitaayo, eiziina rikyakoreesibwa nka rimwe aha maziina ga Ruhanga. Ah'abw'enshonga egi, abantu hati b'arakoreesa eiziina erindi. Ekyokureeberaho Byamukama, Kyomukama, Owamukama, Kamukama na Bainomukama. [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q804430}} lh2313vrgxcitp5qsnlnakbq3066dn1 7256500 7256499 2026-07-20T11:11:41Z Rooth N 2608660 7256500 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q804430}} '''Abakiga''' (''abantu b'omu nshozi''), n'Oruganda rw'abantu, oruraruga omu mashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] hamwe n'omu matemba ga Rwanda.<ref>"[https://www.101lasttribes.com/tribes/bakiga.html AFRICA | 101 Last Tribes - Bakiga people]". ''www.101lasttribes.com''. Retrieved 2024-01-12.</ref><ref>"[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/people-power/how-bakiga-migrated-from-rwanda-to-kabale-1690602 How Bakiga migrated from Rwanda to Kabale]". ''Monitor''. 2021-01-09. Retrieved 2024-01-23.</ref> == '''''Oburugo''''' == [[File:Bakiga dance.png|thumb|''Bakiga'' ]] Abakiga barateekateekwaho kuba baarugire [[Wp/nyn/Rwanda|Rwanda]]. Eki kiragambwaho omuri kimwe aha byeshongoro byabo eby'enzaarwa. Abakiga boona bakaruga Rwanda omu Byumba na Ruhengyere. Byumba na Ruhengyere n'endembo eziri muri Rwanda obwa hati.<ref name=":0">"[https://www.monitor.co.ug/Magazines/PeoplePower/How-Bakiga-migrated-from-Rwanda-to-Kabale/689844-3836608-udasqhz/index.html How Bakiga migrated from Rwanda to Kabale]". ''Daily Monitor''. Retrieved 2020-05-30.</ref><ref>"[https://eastafricanwatch.net/read-about-the-unique-bakiga-tribe-of-western-uganda/ Read about the unique Bakiga tribe of Western Uganda - The East African Watch]". 2022-09-22. Retrieved 2024-01-12.</ref><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20210121213807/http://www.ugandatravelguide.com/bakiga-culture.html THE BAKIGA | Uganda Travel Guide]". ''Uganda Travel Guide &#x7C; Uganda's Leading Travel Guiding''. 2014-08-06. Archived from [http://www.ugandatravelguide.com/bakiga-culture.html the original] on 2021-01-21. Retrieved 2024-02-04.</ref> Abakiga barateekateekwaho kuba nibo baijukuru ba Kashiga, owaijire kwetwa Kakiga bwanyima. Kiragambwa ngu ni mutabani wa Mbogo kuruga omu bugabe bwa Bumbogo obwa Rwanda owaafurukiire omu kicweka ky'amashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] akatandikaho ekicweka ekiriho hati ekya Bakiga ba Kigezi.<ref name=":0" /> Omu mwaka gwa1700 gutakahikire, Rwanda ekatwarwa Abatwa, abaahererukire kwegaitwaho Abahutu. Rwanda omu bwire obwo ekaba erimu amahanga makye n'obutegyeki bukye buri kukwataniisa aha nsi y'omutegyeki omwe ohu bareeta Mwami. Akaba aramanywa nk'Omukama.<ref>Uzoigwe, G. N.; Denoon, Donald (1975). "A History of Kigezi in South-West Uganda". ''The International Journal of African Historical Studies''. '''8''': 16. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.2307/217613|10.2307/217613]]. [[:en:JSTOR_(identifier)|JSTOR]]&#x20;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/217613 217613].</ref> Omu Bakiga, omuntu owaabaire aine obushoboorozi akaba areetwa Mukama, nari Mwami omu bicweka ebindi ebya Rwanda. Omu biro eby'okubanza, Mukama nikyo kitiiniisa ekyabaire kiraheebwa omukuru.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20210415084507/http://vbbultd.org/index.php/background/bakiga-traditional-way-of-life/the-traditional-bakiga-community.html The traditional Bakiga Community]". ''www.vbbultd.org''. Archived from [http://www.vbbultd.org/index.php/background/bakiga-traditional-way-of-life/the-traditional-bakiga-community.html the original] on 2021-04-15. Retrieved 2020-05-30.</ref> Bwanyima, abantu bakatwara Mukama nk'eiziina ry'abaana baabo (ekirikumanyisa "omwebembezi" nainga "omutegyeki"). Aba bakaba bari batabani b'amaka g'ekika ekiri omu butegyeki ekya ba Muhutu. Omuntu weena ori kwetererwa eiziina Mukama, ashemereire kuba ari Omuhutu, okukira munonga Mungura/Mwitira, nainga ari ow'ekika ky'obugabe ekya Baamuhutu. Omu bunaku obwo ahanyima y'okujanjaara kw'obukurisitaayo, eiziina rikyakoreesibwa nka rimwe aha maziina ga Ruhanga. Ah'abw'enshonga egi, abantu hati b'arakoreesa eiziina erindi. Ekyokureeberaho Byamukama, Kyomukama, Owamukama, Kamukama na Bainomukama. [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q804430}} cp38oaf1pihq14g6rj175em9yfybbkg 7256501 7256500 2026-07-20T11:12:10Z Rooth N 2608660 7256501 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q804430}} '''Abakiga''' (''abantu b'omu nshozi''), n'Oruganda rw'abantu, oruraruga omu mashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] hamwe n'omu matemba ga Rwanda.<ref>"[https://www.101lasttribes.com/tribes/bakiga.html AFRICA | 101 Last Tribes - Bakiga people]". ''www.101lasttribes.com''. Retrieved 2024-01-12.</ref><ref>"[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/people-power/how-bakiga-migrated-from-rwanda-to-kabale-1690602 How Bakiga migrated from Rwanda to Kabale]". ''Monitor''. 2021-01-09. Retrieved 2024-01-23.</ref> == '''''Oburugo''''' == [[File:Bakiga dance.png|thumb|''Bakiga'' ]] Abakiga barateekateekwaho kuba baarugire [[Wp/nyn/Rwanda|Rwanda]]. Eki kiragambwaho omuri kimwe aha byeshongoro byabo eby'enzaarwa. Abakiga boona bakaruga Rwanda omu Byumba na Ruhengyere. Byumba na Ruhengyere n'endembo eziri muri Rwanda obwa hati.<ref name=":0">"[https://www.monitor.co.ug/Magazines/PeoplePower/How-Bakiga-migrated-from-Rwanda-to-Kabale/689844-3836608-udasqhz/index.html How Bakiga migrated from Rwanda to Kabale]". ''Daily Monitor''. Retrieved 2020-05-30.</ref><ref>"[https://eastafricanwatch.net/read-about-the-unique-bakiga-tribe-of-western-uganda/ Read about the unique Bakiga tribe of Western Uganda - The East African Watch]". 2022-09-22. Retrieved 2024-01-12.</ref><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20210121213807/http://www.ugandatravelguide.com/bakiga-culture.html THE BAKIGA | Uganda Travel Guide]". ''Uganda Travel Guide &#x7C; Uganda's Leading Travel Guiding''. 2014-08-06. Archived from [http://www.ugandatravelguide.com/bakiga-culture.html the original] on 2021-01-21. Retrieved 2024-02-04.</ref> Abakiga barateekateekwaho kuba nibo baijukuru ba Kashiga, owaijire kwetwa Kakiga bwanyima. Kiragambwa ngu ni mutabani wa Mbogo kuruga omu bugabe bwa Bumbogo obwa Rwanda owaafurukiire omu kicweka ky'amashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] akatandikaho ekicweka ekiriho hati ekya Bakiga ba Kigezi.<ref name=":0" /> Omu mwaka gwa1700 gutakahikire, Rwanda ekatwarwa Abatwa, abaahererukire kwegaitwaho Abahutu. Rwanda omu bwire obwo ekaba erimu amahanga makye n'obutegyeki bukye buri kukwataniisa aha nsi y'omutegyeki omwe ohu bareeta Mwami. Akaba aramanywa nk'Omukama.<ref>Uzoigwe, G. N.; Denoon, Donald (1975). "A History of Kigezi in South-West Uganda". ''The International Journal of African Historical Studies''. '''8''': 16. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.2307/217613|10.2307/217613]]. [[:en:JSTOR_(identifier)|JSTOR]]&#x20;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/217613 217613].</ref> Omu Bakiga, omuntu owaabaire aine obushoboorozi akaba areetwa Mukama, nari Mwami omu bicweka ebindi ebya Rwanda. Omu biro eby'okubanza, Mukama nikyo kitiiniisa ekyabaire kiraheebwa omukuru.<ref name=":1">"[https://web.archive.org/web/20210415084507/http://vbbultd.org/index.php/background/bakiga-traditional-way-of-life/the-traditional-bakiga-community.html The traditional Bakiga Community]". ''www.vbbultd.org''. Archived from [http://www.vbbultd.org/index.php/background/bakiga-traditional-way-of-life/the-traditional-bakiga-community.html the original] on 2021-04-15. Retrieved 2020-05-30.</ref> Bwanyima, abantu bakatwara Mukama nk'eiziina ry'abaana baabo (ekirikumanyisa "omwebembezi" nainga "omutegyeki"). Aba bakaba bari batabani b'amaka g'ekika ekiri omu butegyeki ekya ba Muhutu. Omuntu weena ori kwetererwa eiziina Mukama, ashemereire kuba ari Omuhutu, okukira munonga Mungura/Mwitira, nainga ari ow'ekika ky'obugabe ekya Baamuhutu. Omu bunaku obwo ahanyima y'okujanjaara kw'obukurisitaayo, eiziina rikyakoreesibwa nka rimwe aha maziina ga Ruhanga. Ah'abw'enshonga egi, abantu hati b'arakoreesa eiziina erindi. Ekyokureeberaho Byamukama, Kyomukama, Owamukama, Kamukama na Bainomukama.<ref name=":1" /> [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q804430}} gyd73wpi0oy5a19aghl9sslow3xsp0l 7256502 7256501 2026-07-20T11:12:55Z Rooth N 2608660 7256502 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q804430}} '''Abakiga''' (''abantu b'omu nshozi''), n'Oruganda rw'abantu, oruraruga omu mashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] hamwe n'omu matemba ga Rwanda.<ref>"[https://www.101lasttribes.com/tribes/bakiga.html AFRICA | 101 Last Tribes - Bakiga people]". ''www.101lasttribes.com''. Retrieved 2024-01-12.</ref><ref>"[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/people-power/how-bakiga-migrated-from-rwanda-to-kabale-1690602 How Bakiga migrated from Rwanda to Kabale]". ''Monitor''. 2021-01-09. Retrieved 2024-01-23.</ref> == '''''Oburugo''''' == [[File:Bakiga dance.png|thumb|''Bakiga'' ]] Abakiga barateekateekwaho kuba baarugire [[Wp/nyn/Rwanda|Rwanda]]. Eki kiragambwaho omuri kimwe aha byeshongoro byabo eby'enzaarwa. Abakiga boona bakaruga Rwanda omu Byumba na Ruhengyere. Byumba na Ruhengyere n'endembo eziri muri Rwanda obwa hati.<ref name=":0">"[https://www.monitor.co.ug/Magazines/PeoplePower/How-Bakiga-migrated-from-Rwanda-to-Kabale/689844-3836608-udasqhz/index.html How Bakiga migrated from Rwanda to Kabale]". ''Daily Monitor''. Retrieved 2020-05-30.</ref><ref>"[https://eastafricanwatch.net/read-about-the-unique-bakiga-tribe-of-western-uganda/ Read about the unique Bakiga tribe of Western Uganda - The East African Watch]". 2022-09-22. Retrieved 2024-01-12.</ref><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20210121213807/http://www.ugandatravelguide.com/bakiga-culture.html THE BAKIGA | Uganda Travel Guide]". ''Uganda Travel Guide &#x7C; Uganda's Leading Travel Guiding''. 2014-08-06. Archived from [http://www.ugandatravelguide.com/bakiga-culture.html the original] on 2021-01-21. Retrieved 2024-02-04.</ref> Abakiga barateekateekwaho kuba nibo baijukuru ba Kashiga, owaijire kwetwa Kakiga bwanyima. Kiragambwa ngu ni mutabani wa Mbogo kuruga omu bugabe bwa Bumbogo obwa Rwanda owaafurukiire omu kicweka ky'amashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] akatandikaho ekicweka ekiriho hati ekya Bakiga ba Kigezi.<ref name=":0" /> Omu mwaka gwa1700 gutakahikire, Rwanda ekatwarwa Abatwa, abaahererukire kwegaitwaho Abahutu. Rwanda omu bwire obwo ekaba erimu amahanga makye n'obutegyeki bukye buri kukwataniisa aha nsi y'omutegyeki omwe ohu bareeta Mwami. Akaba aramanywa nk'Omukama.<ref>Uzoigwe, G. N.; Denoon, Donald (1975). "A History of Kigezi in South-West Uganda". ''The International Journal of African Historical Studies''. '''8''': 16. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.2307/217613|10.2307/217613]]. [[:en:JSTOR_(identifier)|JSTOR]]&#x20;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/217613 217613].</ref> Omu Bakiga, omuntu owaabaire aine obushoboorozi akaba areetwa Mukama, nari Mwami omu bicweka ebindi ebya Rwanda. Omu biro eby'okubanza, Mukama nikyo kitiiniisa ekyabaire kiraheebwa omukuru.<ref name=":1">"[https://web.archive.org/web/20210415084507/http://vbbultd.org/index.php/background/bakiga-traditional-way-of-life/the-traditional-bakiga-community.html The traditional Bakiga Community]". ''www.vbbultd.org''. Archived from [http://www.vbbultd.org/index.php/background/bakiga-traditional-way-of-life/the-traditional-bakiga-community.html the original] on 2021-04-15. Retrieved 2020-05-30.</ref> Bwanyima, abantu bakatwara Mukama nk'eiziina ry'abaana baabo (ekirikumanyisa "omwebembezi" nainga "omutegyeki"). Aba bakaba bari batabani b'amaka g'ekika ekiri omu butegyeki ekya ba Muhutu. Omuntu weena ori kwetererwa eiziina Mukama, ashemereire kuba ari Omuhutu, okukira munonga Mungura/Mwitira, nainga ari ow'ekika ky'obugabe ekya Baamuhutu. Omu bunaku obwo ahanyima y'okujanjaara kw'obukurisitaayo, eiziina rikyakoreesibwa nka rimwe aha maziina ga Ruhanga. Ah'abw'enshonga egi, abantu hati b'arakoreesa eiziina erindi. Ekyokureeberaho Byamukama, Kyomukama, Owamukama, Kamukama na Bainomukama.<ref name=":1" /> == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == [[Category:Wp/nyn]] qkdciiqn35l2wqr2iyxdlvsg5q8dbs2 0 3622045 7256426 7248892 2026-07-20T10:35:23Z Rooth N 2608660 7256426 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q1094107}} '''Abajurizi ba Uganda''' n'ekigombe ky'abanya katuriki 22 hamwe n'abakurisitaayo 23 abaahindukire aba kurisitaayo omu bugabe bwa [[Wp/nyn/Buganda|Buganda]]. Obwa hati ekicweka kya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|yuganda]] abaisirwe aha gati y'okwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1885 ebiro 31 by'okwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1887 ebiro 27<ref>"Martyrs of Uganda". ''[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/612654/Martyrs-of-Uganda Encyclopædia Britannica Inc]''. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 2014. Retrieved 3 June 2014.</ref>. Bakaitirwa ahansi y'ebiragiro bya Mwanga II Kabaka (Omukama) wa Buganda. Okwitwa kukabaho omu bwire obu habaire hariho entaro z'amadiini ashatu ahabw'amaani g'eby'obutegyeki omu maka g'omugabe wa Buganda. Eki kikabaho aha mushororongo gw'okutahirira, okw'ebaganiisamu, okutwara obutegyeki ahabwa mahanga ga Buraaya hamwe n'okutwara eitaka rya Africa. Bwanyima y'emyaka mikye, ekibiina kya kyaki miishanare sosayate kikakoresa okufa kw'aba bantu kutunga obushagiki bw'abantu baingi ahabw'okugira ngu Abangyereza bakatunga y[[Wp/nyn/Uganda|yuganda]] aha bw'obugabe. Ekereziya y'abanyakaturiki ekaha omugisha Abajurizi baayo abakaturiki 22 omu mwaka gwa1920 kandi bakahindurwa abarikwera omu mwaka gwa 1964 eki kikakorwa Paapa Paul VI ahari St. Peter's Basilica omuri Rooma. == '''Oburugiriro''': == Okushohoza ebaruha omuri Bungyereza omu mwaka gwa 1875 eya handiikirwe Kabaka Muteesa 1 arikushaba abo Bangyereza okwija okuburira engiri, kikarugamu okuhika kwa Alexander Mackay ow'ekanisa ya Anglican Church Missionary Society omuri Buganda omu mwaka gwa 1877, Akakuku k'Abakaturiki Abajungu n'Abafaransa akarikwebemberwa Pierre Simon Lourdel (Fr. Mapera) kakareebeka bwanyima y'emyaka ebiri. Abashuubuzi Abaharabu kuruga Zanzibar, bakaba batwire obusiraamu omu bwa kabaka. Eki kikareetaho entaro z'ediini ez'emiringo eshatu ahabw'obushoboorozi bw'eby'obutegyeki omu kooti y'obugabe bwa Buganda. Ahagati y'emyaka ya 1880, baingi bakaba baahindwirwe buri guruupu, kandi bamwe ah'abaahindukire bakaba baine emyanya y'omugasho omu kooti y'omugabe. Muteesa wenyini akaba aine esaasi n'obusiraamu, kwonka abaami b'amaani abaingi bakaba bahindukire Abakurisitaayo. Kabaka Mwanga II akasikira entebe y'obukama omu mwaka gwa 1884. Akaba ayerarikiriire amaani g'obukurisitayo agabaire gari kweyongyera hamwe n'okubaho kw'ekika ky'abakugu abatsya ababaire batari kushushana n'abaami b'ebyanga ab'eira, ababaire begyesiibwe, baine ediini, kandi barikwenda kuhindura abantu ba [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. [1] Okugaitwa kwa Bugirimaani omuri Tanzania obwa hati, kikareetaho okwerarikirira okundi. Omwaka gumwe ahanyima y'okuhinduka omugabe akaragiira ngu Yusufu Rugarama, Mako Kakumba, hamwe na Nuwa/Noah Serwanga, abaabaire bahindukire Aba kurisitaayo, baitwa. Ahabw'okushagikwa enganzi ye, ebiro 29 Okwa ikumi omu mwaka gwa 1885 akatuma omureberezi w'Abakurisitaayo James Hannington kwitwa aha nsharo y'oburugwa-izooba bw'obugabe bwe. Eki nikibaasa kuba kyabaire kigyendereirwe kuhisya obutumwa aha Bangyereza ngu akaba atarikwenda bataahirire [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. Nikigambwa ngu okwitwa kw'omureeberezi James Hannington kukarugiirira aha kitebyo omu bwire obwo ngu abazigu abaabaire nibaza kucwekyereza obugabe bakaba nibaija kuruga omuri burugwa-izooba, ahu omureeberezi yaareetiirwe. N'ahabw'ekyo, Kabaka akaragiira Luba, omukuru w'eihanga rya Busoga omuri burengyerwa-eizooba kwita Biishopu. Kwonka bwanyima Mwanga akatoorana Abakurisitaayo baingi omu myanya y'amahe. [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q1094107}} 2ogjvhuhxi6zlqfri94vb1m3r31awlw 7256427 7256426 2026-07-20T10:35:58Z Rooth N 2608660 7256427 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q1094107}} '''Abajurizi ba Uganda''' n'ekigombe ky'abanya katuriki 22 hamwe n'abakurisitaayo 23 abaahindukire aba kurisitaayo omu bugabe bwa [[Wp/nyn/Buganda|Buganda]]. Obwa hati ekicweka kya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|yuganda]] abaisirwe aha gati y'okwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1885 ebiro 31 by'okwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1887 ebiro 27<ref>"Martyrs of Uganda". ''[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/612654/Martyrs-of-Uganda Encyclopædia Britannica Inc]''. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 2014. Retrieved 3 June 2014.</ref>. Bakaitirwa ahansi y'ebiragiro bya Mwanga II Kabaka (Omukama) wa Buganda. Okwitwa kukabaho omu bwire obu habaire hariho entaro z'amadiini ashatu ahabw'amaani g'eby'obutegyeki omu maka g'omugabe wa Buganda. Eki kikabaho aha mushororongo gw'okutahirira, okw'ebaganiisamu, okutwara obutegyeki ahabwa mahanga ga Buraaya hamwe n'okutwara eitaka rya Africa. Bwanyima y'emyaka mikye, ekibiina kya kyaki miishanare sosayate kikakoresa okufa kw'aba bantu kutunga obushagiki bw'abantu baingi ahabw'okugira ngu Abangyereza bakatunga y[[Wp/nyn/Uganda|yuganda]] aha bw'obugabe. Ekereziya y'abanyakaturiki ekaha omugisha Abajurizi baayo abakaturiki 22 omu mwaka gwa1920 kandi bakahindurwa abarikwera omu mwaka gwa 1964 eki kikakorwa Paapa Paul VI ahari St. Peter's Basilica omuri Rooma. == '''Oburugiriro''': == Okushohoza ebaruha omuri Bungyereza omu mwaka gwa 1875 eya handiikirwe Kabaka Muteesa 1 arikushaba abo Bangyereza okwija okuburira engiri, kikarugamu okuhika kwa Alexander Mackay ow'ekanisa ya Anglican Church Missionary Society omuri Buganda omu mwaka gwa 1877, Akakuku k'Abakaturiki Abajungu n'Abafaransa akarikwebemberwa Pierre Simon Lourdel (Fr. Mapera) kakareebeka bwanyima y'emyaka ebiri. Abashuubuzi Abaharabu kuruga Zanzibar, bakaba batwire obusiraamu omu bwa kabaka. Eki kikareetaho entaro z'ediini ez'emiringo eshatu ahabw'obushoboorozi bw'eby'obutegyeki omu kooti y'obugabe bwa Buganda. Ahagati y'emyaka ya 1880, baingi bakaba baahindwirwe buri guruupu, kandi bamwe ah'abaahindukire bakaba baine emyanya y'omugasho omu kooti y'omugabe. Muteesa wenyini akaba aine esaasi n'obusiraamu, kwonka abaami b'amaani abaingi bakaba bahindukire Abakurisitaayo. Kabaka Mwanga II akasikira entebe y'obukama omu mwaka gwa 1884. Akaba ayerarikiriire amaani g'obukurisitayo agabaire gari kweyongyera hamwe n'okubaho kw'ekika ky'abakugu abatsya ababaire batari kushushana n'abaami b'ebyanga ab'eira, ababaire begyesiibwe, baine ediini, kandi barikwenda kuhindura abantu ba [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. [1] Okugaitwa kwa Bugirimaani omuri Tanzania obwa hati, kikareetaho okwerarikirira okundi. Omwaka gumwe ahanyima y'okuhinduka omugabe akaragiira ngu Yusufu Rugarama, Mako Kakumba, hamwe na Nuwa/Noah Serwanga, abaabaire bahindukire Aba kurisitaayo, baitwa. Ahabw'okushagikwa enganzi ye, ebiro 29 Okwa ikumi omu mwaka gwa 1885 akatuma omureberezi w'Abakurisitaayo James Hannington kwitwa aha nsharo y'oburugwa-izooba bw'obugabe bwe. Eki nikibaasa kuba kyabaire kigyendereirwe kuhisya obutumwa aha Bangyereza ngu akaba atarikwenda bataahirire [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. Nikigambwa ngu okwitwa kw'omureeberezi James Hannington kukarugiirira aha kitebyo omu bwire obwo ngu abazigu abaabaire nibaza kucwekyereza obugabe bakaba nibaija kuruga omuri burugwa-izooba, ahu omureeberezi yaareetiirwe. N'ahabw'ekyo, Kabaka akaragiira Luba, omukuru w'eihanga rya Busoga omuri burengyerwa-eizooba kwita Biishopu. Kwonka bwanyima Mwanga akatoorana Abakurisitaayo baingi omu myanya y'amahe. == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q1094107}} bo1yqlm30k26w05ch67zpbz55agvnb4 7256430 7256427 2026-07-20T10:37:15Z Rooth N 2608660 7256430 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q1094107}} '''Abajurizi ba Uganda''' n'ekigombe ky'abanya katuriki 22 hamwe n'abakurisitaayo 23 abaahindukire aba kurisitaayo omu bugabe bwa [[Wp/nyn/Buganda|Buganda]]. Obwa hati ekicweka kya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|yuganda]] abaisirwe aha gati y'okwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1885 ebiro 31 by'okwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1887 ebiro 27<ref>"Martyrs of Uganda". ''[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/612654/Martyrs-of-Uganda Encyclopædia Britannica Inc]''. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 2014. Retrieved 3 June 2014.</ref><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140719024926/http://www.buganda.com/martyrs.htm The Christian Martyrs of Uganda]". ''The Buganda Home Page''. Archived from [http://www.buganda.com/martyrs.htm the original] on 19 July 2014. Retrieved 15 August 2007.</ref> Bakaitirwa ahansi y'ebiragiro bya Mwanga II Kabaka (Omukama) wa Buganda. Okwitwa kukabaho omu bwire obu habaire hariho entaro z'amadiini ashatu ahabw'amaani g'eby'obutegyeki omu maka g'omugabe wa Buganda. Eki kikabaho aha mushororongo gw'okutahirira, okw'ebaganiisamu, okutwara obutegyeki ahabwa mahanga ga Buraaya hamwe n'okutwara eitaka rya Africa. Bwanyima y'emyaka mikye, ekibiina kya kyaki miishanare sosayate kikakoresa okufa kw'aba bantu kutunga obushagiki bw'abantu baingi ahabw'okugira ngu Abangyereza bakatunga y[[Wp/nyn/Uganda|yuganda]] aha bw'obugabe. Ekereziya y'abanyakaturiki ekaha omugisha Abajurizi baayo abakaturiki 22 omu mwaka gwa1920 kandi bakahindurwa abarikwera omu mwaka gwa 1964 eki kikakorwa Paapa Paul VI ahari St. Peter's Basilica omuri Rooma. == '''Oburugiriro''': == Okushohoza ebaruha omuri Bungyereza omu mwaka gwa 1875 eya handiikirwe Kabaka Muteesa 1 arikushaba abo Bangyereza okwija okuburira engiri, kikarugamu okuhika kwa Alexander Mackay ow'ekanisa ya Anglican Church Missionary Society omuri Buganda omu mwaka gwa 1877, Akakuku k'Abakaturiki Abajungu n'Abafaransa akarikwebemberwa Pierre Simon Lourdel (Fr. Mapera) kakareebeka bwanyima y'emyaka ebiri. Abashuubuzi Abaharabu kuruga Zanzibar, bakaba batwire obusiraamu omu bwa kabaka. Eki kikareetaho entaro z'ediini ez'emiringo eshatu ahabw'obushoboorozi bw'eby'obutegyeki omu kooti y'obugabe bwa Buganda. Ahagati y'emyaka ya 1880, baingi bakaba baahindwirwe buri guruupu, kandi bamwe ah'abaahindukire bakaba baine emyanya y'omugasho omu kooti y'omugabe. Muteesa wenyini akaba aine esaasi n'obusiraamu, kwonka abaami b'amaani abaingi bakaba bahindukire Abakurisitaayo. Kabaka Mwanga II akasikira entebe y'obukama omu mwaka gwa 1884. Akaba ayerarikiriire amaani g'obukurisitayo agabaire gari kweyongyera hamwe n'okubaho kw'ekika ky'abakugu abatsya ababaire batari kushushana n'abaami b'ebyanga ab'eira, ababaire begyesiibwe, baine ediini, kandi barikwenda kuhindura abantu ba [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. [1] Okugaitwa kwa Bugirimaani omuri Tanzania obwa hati, kikareetaho okwerarikirira okundi. Omwaka gumwe ahanyima y'okuhinduka omugabe akaragiira ngu Yusufu Rugarama, Mako Kakumba, hamwe na Nuwa/Noah Serwanga, abaabaire bahindukire Aba kurisitaayo, baitwa. Ahabw'okushagikwa enganzi ye, ebiro 29 Okwa ikumi omu mwaka gwa 1885 akatuma omureberezi w'Abakurisitaayo James Hannington kwitwa aha nsharo y'oburugwa-izooba bw'obugabe bwe. Eki nikibaasa kuba kyabaire kigyendereirwe kuhisya obutumwa aha Bangyereza ngu akaba atarikwenda bataahirire [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. Nikigambwa ngu okwitwa kw'omureeberezi James Hannington kukarugiirira aha kitebyo omu bwire obwo ngu abazigu abaabaire nibaza kucwekyereza obugabe bakaba nibaija kuruga omuri burugwa-izooba, ahu omureeberezi yaareetiirwe. N'ahabw'ekyo, Kabaka akaragiira Luba, omukuru w'eihanga rya Busoga omuri burengyerwa-eizooba kwita Biishopu. Kwonka bwanyima Mwanga akatoorana Abakurisitaayo baingi omu myanya y'amahe. == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q1094107}} kl9l59ltusob12vi2rm122r32459byz 7256433 7256430 2026-07-20T10:38:10Z Rooth N 2608660 7256433 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q1094107}} '''Abajurizi ba Uganda'''<ref>Luwedde, Brenda (3 June 2026). "[https://ntv.co.ug/news/abajulizi-ba-uganda-ebikujjuko-nga-bwebibadde-okwetoloola-eggwanga-2 ABAJULIZI BA UGANDA :Ebikujjuko nga bwebibadde okwetoloola eggwanga - NTV Uganda]".</ref> n'ekigombe ky'abanya katuriki 22 hamwe n'abakurisitaayo 23 abaahindukire aba kurisitaayo omu bugabe bwa [[Wp/nyn/Buganda|Buganda]]. Obwa hati ekicweka kya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|yuganda]] abaisirwe aha gati y'okwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1885 ebiro 31 by'okwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1887 ebiro 27<ref>"Martyrs of Uganda". ''[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/612654/Martyrs-of-Uganda Encyclopædia Britannica Inc]''. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 2014. Retrieved 3 June 2014.</ref><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140719024926/http://www.buganda.com/martyrs.htm The Christian Martyrs of Uganda]". ''The Buganda Home Page''. Archived from [http://www.buganda.com/martyrs.htm the original] on 19 July 2014. Retrieved 15 August 2007.</ref> Bakaitirwa ahansi y'ebiragiro bya Mwanga II Kabaka (Omukama) wa Buganda. Okwitwa kukabaho omu bwire obu habaire hariho entaro z'amadiini ashatu ahabw'amaani g'eby'obutegyeki omu maka g'omugabe wa Buganda. Eki kikabaho aha mushororongo gw'okutahirira, okw'ebaganiisamu, okutwara obutegyeki ahabwa mahanga ga Buraaya hamwe n'okutwara eitaka rya Africa. Bwanyima y'emyaka mikye, ekibiina kya kyaki miishanare sosayate kikakoresa okufa kw'aba bantu kutunga obushagiki bw'abantu baingi ahabw'okugira ngu Abangyereza bakatunga y[[Wp/nyn/Uganda|yuganda]] aha bw'obugabe. Ekereziya y'abanyakaturiki ekaha omugisha Abajurizi baayo abakaturiki 22 omu mwaka gwa1920 kandi bakahindurwa abarikwera omu mwaka gwa 1964 eki kikakorwa Paapa Paul VI ahari St. Peter's Basilica omuri Rooma. == '''Oburugiriro''': == Okushohoza ebaruha omuri Bungyereza omu mwaka gwa 1875 eya handiikirwe Kabaka Muteesa 1 arikushaba abo Bangyereza okwija okuburira engiri, kikarugamu okuhika kwa Alexander Mackay ow'ekanisa ya Anglican Church Missionary Society omuri Buganda omu mwaka gwa 1877, Akakuku k'Abakaturiki Abajungu n'Abafaransa akarikwebemberwa Pierre Simon Lourdel (Fr. Mapera) kakareebeka bwanyima y'emyaka ebiri. Abashuubuzi Abaharabu kuruga Zanzibar, bakaba batwire obusiraamu omu bwa kabaka. Eki kikareetaho entaro z'ediini ez'emiringo eshatu ahabw'obushoboorozi bw'eby'obutegyeki omu kooti y'obugabe bwa Buganda. Ahagati y'emyaka ya 1880, baingi bakaba baahindwirwe buri guruupu, kandi bamwe ah'abaahindukire bakaba baine emyanya y'omugasho omu kooti y'omugabe. Muteesa wenyini akaba aine esaasi n'obusiraamu, kwonka abaami b'amaani abaingi bakaba bahindukire Abakurisitaayo. Kabaka Mwanga II akasikira entebe y'obukama omu mwaka gwa 1884. Akaba ayerarikiriire amaani g'obukurisitayo agabaire gari kweyongyera hamwe n'okubaho kw'ekika ky'abakugu abatsya ababaire batari kushushana n'abaami b'ebyanga ab'eira, ababaire begyesiibwe, baine ediini, kandi barikwenda kuhindura abantu ba [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. [1] Okugaitwa kwa Bugirimaani omuri Tanzania obwa hati, kikareetaho okwerarikirira okundi. Omwaka gumwe ahanyima y'okuhinduka omugabe akaragiira ngu Yusufu Rugarama, Mako Kakumba, hamwe na Nuwa/Noah Serwanga, abaabaire bahindukire Aba kurisitaayo, baitwa. Ahabw'okushagikwa enganzi ye, ebiro 29 Okwa ikumi omu mwaka gwa 1885 akatuma omureberezi w'Abakurisitaayo James Hannington kwitwa aha nsharo y'oburugwa-izooba bw'obugabe bwe. Eki nikibaasa kuba kyabaire kigyendereirwe kuhisya obutumwa aha Bangyereza ngu akaba atarikwenda bataahirire [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. Nikigambwa ngu okwitwa kw'omureeberezi James Hannington kukarugiirira aha kitebyo omu bwire obwo ngu abazigu abaabaire nibaza kucwekyereza obugabe bakaba nibaija kuruga omuri burugwa-izooba, ahu omureeberezi yaareetiirwe. N'ahabw'ekyo, Kabaka akaragiira Luba, omukuru w'eihanga rya Busoga omuri burengyerwa-eizooba kwita Biishopu. Kwonka bwanyima Mwanga akatoorana Abakurisitaayo baingi omu myanya y'amahe. == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q1094107}} qdu9zdwkkz8sbwdgnqz6ll8xu0lf2rs 7256438 7256433 2026-07-20T10:39:52Z Rooth N 2608660 7256438 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q1094107}} '''Abajurizi ba Uganda'''<ref>Luwedde, Brenda (3 June 2026). "[https://ntv.co.ug/news/abajulizi-ba-uganda-ebikujjuko-nga-bwebibadde-okwetoloola-eggwanga-2 ABAJULIZI BA UGANDA :Ebikujjuko nga bwebibadde okwetoloola eggwanga - NTV Uganda]".</ref> n'ekigombe ky'abanya katuriki 22 hamwe n'abakurisitaayo 23 abaahindukire aba kurisitaayo omu bugabe bwa [[Wp/nyn/Buganda|Buganda]]. Obwa hati ekicweka kya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|yuganda]] abaisirwe aha gati y'okwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1885 ebiro 31 by'okwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1887 ebiro 27<ref>"Martyrs of Uganda". ''[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/612654/Martyrs-of-Uganda Encyclopædia Britannica Inc]''. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 2014. Retrieved 3 June 2014.</ref><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140719024926/http://www.buganda.com/martyrs.htm The Christian Martyrs of Uganda]". ''The Buganda Home Page''. Archived from [http://www.buganda.com/martyrs.htm the original] on 19 July 2014. Retrieved 15 August 2007.</ref> Bakaitirwa ahansi y'ebiragiro bya Mwanga II Kabaka (Omukama) wa Buganda. Okwitwa kukabaho omu bwire obu habaire hariho entaro z'amadiini ashatu ahabw'amaani g'eby'obutegyeki omu maka g'omugabe wa Buganda. Eki kikabaho aha mushororongo gw'okutahirira, okw'ebaganiisamu, okutwara obutegyeki ahabwa mahanga ga Buraaya hamwe n'okutwara eitaka rya Africa.<ref>Moorehead, Alan (1963). "Chapter 16, Paradise Reformed". ''The White Nile''. Penguin. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780060956394|9780060956394]]</bdi>.</ref> Bwanyima y'emyaka mikye, ekibiina kya kyaki miishanare sosayate kikakoresa okufa kw'aba bantu kutunga obushagiki bw'abantu baingi ahabw'okugira ngu Abangyereza bakatunga y[[Wp/nyn/Uganda|yuganda]] aha bw'obugabe. Ekereziya y'abanyakaturiki ekaha omugisha Abajurizi baayo abakaturiki 22 omu mwaka gwa1920 kandi bakahindurwa abarikwera omu mwaka gwa 1964 eki kikakorwa Paapa Paul VI ahari St. Peter's Basilica omuri Rooma. == '''Oburugiriro''': == Okushohoza ebaruha omuri Bungyereza omu mwaka gwa 1875 eya handiikirwe Kabaka Muteesa 1 arikushaba abo Bangyereza okwija okuburira engiri, kikarugamu okuhika kwa Alexander Mackay ow'ekanisa ya Anglican Church Missionary Society omuri Buganda omu mwaka gwa 1877, Akakuku k'Abakaturiki Abajungu n'Abafaransa akarikwebemberwa Pierre Simon Lourdel (Fr. Mapera) kakareebeka bwanyima y'emyaka ebiri. Abashuubuzi Abaharabu kuruga Zanzibar, bakaba batwire obusiraamu omu bwa kabaka. Eki kikareetaho entaro z'ediini ez'emiringo eshatu ahabw'obushoboorozi bw'eby'obutegyeki omu kooti y'obugabe bwa Buganda. Ahagati y'emyaka ya 1880, baingi bakaba baahindwirwe buri guruupu, kandi bamwe ah'abaahindukire bakaba baine emyanya y'omugasho omu kooti y'omugabe. Muteesa wenyini akaba aine esaasi n'obusiraamu, kwonka abaami b'amaani abaingi bakaba bahindukire Abakurisitaayo. Kabaka Mwanga II akasikira entebe y'obukama omu mwaka gwa 1884. Akaba ayerarikiriire amaani g'obukurisitayo agabaire gari kweyongyera hamwe n'okubaho kw'ekika ky'abakugu abatsya ababaire batari kushushana n'abaami b'ebyanga ab'eira, ababaire begyesiibwe, baine ediini, kandi barikwenda kuhindura abantu ba [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. [1] Okugaitwa kwa Bugirimaani omuri Tanzania obwa hati, kikareetaho okwerarikirira okundi. Omwaka gumwe ahanyima y'okuhinduka omugabe akaragiira ngu Yusufu Rugarama, Mako Kakumba, hamwe na Nuwa/Noah Serwanga, abaabaire bahindukire Aba kurisitaayo, baitwa. Ahabw'okushagikwa enganzi ye, ebiro 29 Okwa ikumi omu mwaka gwa 1885 akatuma omureberezi w'Abakurisitaayo James Hannington kwitwa aha nsharo y'oburugwa-izooba bw'obugabe bwe. Eki nikibaasa kuba kyabaire kigyendereirwe kuhisya obutumwa aha Bangyereza ngu akaba atarikwenda bataahirire [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. Nikigambwa ngu okwitwa kw'omureeberezi James Hannington kukarugiirira aha kitebyo omu bwire obwo ngu abazigu abaabaire nibaza kucwekyereza obugabe bakaba nibaija kuruga omuri burugwa-izooba, ahu omureeberezi yaareetiirwe. N'ahabw'ekyo, Kabaka akaragiira Luba, omukuru w'eihanga rya Busoga omuri burengyerwa-eizooba kwita Biishopu. Kwonka bwanyima Mwanga akatoorana Abakurisitaayo baingi omu myanya y'amahe. == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q1094107}} 4nin1yr428mfdd6nn8pzjwpkr5qnck8 7256444 7256438 2026-07-20T10:42:25Z Rooth N 2608660 7256444 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q1094107}} '''Abajurizi ba Uganda'''<ref>Luwedde, Brenda (3 June 2026). "[https://ntv.co.ug/news/abajulizi-ba-uganda-ebikujjuko-nga-bwebibadde-okwetoloola-eggwanga-2 ABAJULIZI BA UGANDA :Ebikujjuko nga bwebibadde okwetoloola eggwanga - NTV Uganda]".</ref> n'ekigombe ky'abanya katuriki 22 hamwe n'abakurisitaayo 23 abaahindukire aba kurisitaayo omu bugabe bwa [[Wp/nyn/Buganda|Buganda]]. Obwa hati ekicweka kya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|yuganda]] abaisirwe aha gati y'okwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1885 ebiro 31 by'okwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1887 ebiro 27<ref>"Martyrs of Uganda". ''[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/612654/Martyrs-of-Uganda Encyclopædia Britannica Inc]''. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 2014. Retrieved 3 June 2014.</ref><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140719024926/http://www.buganda.com/martyrs.htm The Christian Martyrs of Uganda]". ''The Buganda Home Page''. Archived from [http://www.buganda.com/martyrs.htm the original] on 19 July 2014. Retrieved 15 August 2007.</ref> Bakaitirwa ahansi y'ebiragiro bya Mwanga II Kabaka (Omukama) wa Buganda. Okwitwa kukabaho omu bwire obu habaire hariho entaro z'amadiini ashatu ahabw'amaani g'eby'obutegyeki omu maka g'omugabe wa Buganda. Eki kikabaho aha mushororongo gw'okutahirira, okw'ebaganiisamu, okutwara obutegyeki ahabwa mahanga ga Buraaya hamwe n'okutwara eitaka rya Africa.<ref>Moorehead, Alan (1963). "Chapter 16, Paradise Reformed". ''The White Nile''. Penguin. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780060956394|9780060956394]]</bdi>.</ref> Bwanyima y'emyaka mikye, ekibiina kya kyaki miishanare sosayate kikakoresa okufa kw'aba bantu kutunga obushagiki bw'abantu baingi ahabw'okugira ngu Abangyereza bakatunga [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] aha bw'obugabe.<ref>David Apter (1961). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=FZJL3zJjipgC The Political Kingdom in Uganda: A Study of Bureaucratic Nationalism]''. Princeton University. p.&#x20;77. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-136-30764-5|978-1-136-30764-5]]</bdi>.</ref>Ekereziya y'abanyakaturiki ekaha omugisha Abajurizi baayo abakaturiki 22 omu mwaka gwa1920 kandi bakahindurwa abarikwera omu mwaka gwa 1964 eki kikakorwa Paapa Paul VI ahari St. Peter's Basilica omuri Rooma. == '''Oburugiriro''': == Okushohoza ebaruha omuri Bungyereza omu mwaka gwa 1875 eya handiikirwe Kabaka Muteesa 1 arikushaba abo Bangyereza okwija okuburira engiri, kikarugamu okuhika kwa Alexander Mackay ow'ekanisa ya Anglican Church Missionary Society omuri Buganda omu mwaka gwa 1877, Akakuku k'Abakaturiki Abajungu n'Abafaransa akarikwebemberwa Pierre Simon Lourdel (Fr. Mapera) kakareebeka bwanyima y'emyaka ebiri. Abashuubuzi Abaharabu kuruga Zanzibar, bakaba batwire obusiraamu omu bwa kabaka. Eki kikareetaho entaro z'ediini ez'emiringo eshatu ahabw'obushoboorozi bw'eby'obutegyeki omu kooti y'obugabe bwa Buganda. Ahagati y'emyaka ya 1880, baingi bakaba baahindwirwe buri guruupu, kandi bamwe ah'abaahindukire bakaba baine emyanya y'omugasho omu kooti y'omugabe. Muteesa wenyini akaba aine esaasi n'obusiraamu, kwonka abaami b'amaani abaingi bakaba bahindukire Abakurisitaayo. Kabaka Mwanga II akasikira entebe y'obukama omu mwaka gwa 1884. Akaba ayerarikiriire amaani g'obukurisitayo agabaire gari kweyongyera hamwe n'okubaho kw'ekika ky'abakugu abatsya ababaire batari kushushana n'abaami b'ebyanga ab'eira, ababaire begyesiibwe, baine ediini, kandi barikwenda kuhindura abantu ba [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. [1] Okugaitwa kwa Bugirimaani omuri Tanzania obwa hati, kikareetaho okwerarikirira okundi. Omwaka gumwe ahanyima y'okuhinduka omugabe akaragiira ngu Yusufu Rugarama, Mako Kakumba, hamwe na Nuwa/Noah Serwanga, abaabaire bahindukire Aba kurisitaayo, baitwa. Ahabw'okushagikwa enganzi ye, ebiro 29 Okwa ikumi omu mwaka gwa 1885 akatuma omureberezi w'Abakurisitaayo James Hannington kwitwa aha nsharo y'oburugwa-izooba bw'obugabe bwe. Eki nikibaasa kuba kyabaire kigyendereirwe kuhisya obutumwa aha Bangyereza ngu akaba atarikwenda bataahirire [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. Nikigambwa ngu okwitwa kw'omureeberezi James Hannington kukarugiirira aha kitebyo omu bwire obwo ngu abazigu abaabaire nibaza kucwekyereza obugabe bakaba nibaija kuruga omuri burugwa-izooba, ahu omureeberezi yaareetiirwe. N'ahabw'ekyo, Kabaka akaragiira Luba, omukuru w'eihanga rya Busoga omuri burengyerwa-eizooba kwita Biishopu. Kwonka bwanyima Mwanga akatoorana Abakurisitaayo baingi omu myanya y'amahe. == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q1094107}} 59l61ti85a5o3rsd8kblmkqrkzf1pv4 7256450 7256444 2026-07-20T10:45:04Z Rooth N 2608660 7256450 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q1094107}} '''Abajurizi ba Uganda'''<ref>Luwedde, Brenda (3 June 2026). "[https://ntv.co.ug/news/abajulizi-ba-uganda-ebikujjuko-nga-bwebibadde-okwetoloola-eggwanga-2 ABAJULIZI BA UGANDA :Ebikujjuko nga bwebibadde okwetoloola eggwanga - NTV Uganda]".</ref> n'ekigombe ky'abanya katuriki 22 hamwe n'abakurisitaayo 23 abaahindukire aba kurisitaayo omu bugabe bwa [[Wp/nyn/Buganda|Buganda]]. Obwa hati ekicweka kya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|yuganda]] abaisirwe aha gati y'okwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1885 ebiro 31 by'okwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1887 ebiro 27<ref>"Martyrs of Uganda". ''[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/612654/Martyrs-of-Uganda Encyclopædia Britannica Inc]''. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 2014. Retrieved 3 June 2014.</ref><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140719024926/http://www.buganda.com/martyrs.htm The Christian Martyrs of Uganda]". ''The Buganda Home Page''. Archived from [http://www.buganda.com/martyrs.htm the original] on 19 July 2014. Retrieved 15 August 2007.</ref> Bakaitirwa ahansi y'ebiragiro bya Mwanga II Kabaka (Omukama) wa Buganda. Okwitwa kukabaho omu bwire obu habaire hariho entaro z'amadiini ashatu ahabw'amaani g'eby'obutegyeki omu maka g'omugabe wa Buganda. Eki kikabaho aha mushororongo gw'okutahirira, okw'ebaganiisamu, okutwara obutegyeki ahabwa mahanga ga Buraaya hamwe n'okutwara eitaka rya Africa.<ref>Moorehead, Alan (1963). "Chapter 16, Paradise Reformed". ''The White Nile''. Penguin. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780060956394|9780060956394]]</bdi>.</ref> Bwanyima y'emyaka mikye, ekibiina kya kyaki miishanare sosayate kikakoresa okufa kw'aba bantu kutunga obushagiki bw'abantu baingi ahabw'okugira ngu Abangyereza bakatunga [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] aha bw'obugabe.<ref>David Apter (1961). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=FZJL3zJjipgC The Political Kingdom in Uganda: A Study of Bureaucratic Nationalism]''. Princeton University. p.&#x20;77. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-136-30764-5|978-1-136-30764-5]]</bdi>.</ref>Ekereziya y'abanyakaturiki ekaha omugisha Abajurizi baayo abakaturiki 22 omu mwaka gwa1920 kandi bakahindurwa abarikwera omu mwaka gwa 1964 eki kikakorwa Paapa Paul VI ahari St. Peter's Basilica omuri Rooma.<ref>"[https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/NV_165154 Mapeera relative speaks out on her impression of Uganda]". ''New Vision''. 17 July 2023. Retrieved 3 October 2023.</ref> == '''Oburugiriro''': == Okushohoza ebaruha omuri Bungyereza omu mwaka gwa 1875 eya handiikirwe Kabaka Muteesa 1 arikushaba abo Bangyereza okwija okuburira engiri, kikarugamu okuhika kwa Alexander Mackay ow'ekanisa ya Anglican Church Missionary Society omuri Buganda omu mwaka gwa 1877, Akakuku k'Abakaturiki Abajungu n'Abafaransa akarikwebemberwa Pierre Simon Lourdel (Fr. Mapera) kakareebeka bwanyima y'emyaka ebiri. Abashuubuzi Abaharabu kuruga Zanzibar, bakaba batwire obusiraamu omu bwa kabaka. Eki kikareetaho entaro z'ediini ez'emiringo eshatu ahabw'obushoboorozi bw'eby'obutegyeki omu kooti y'obugabe bwa Buganda. Ahagati y'emyaka ya 1880, baingi bakaba baahindwirwe buri guruupu, kandi bamwe ah'abaahindukire bakaba baine emyanya y'omugasho omu kooti y'omugabe. Muteesa wenyini akaba aine esaasi n'obusiraamu, kwonka abaami b'amaani abaingi bakaba bahindukire Abakurisitaayo. Kabaka Mwanga II akasikira entebe y'obukama omu mwaka gwa 1884. Akaba ayerarikiriire amaani g'obukurisitayo agabaire gari kweyongyera hamwe n'okubaho kw'ekika ky'abakugu abatsya ababaire batari kushushana n'abaami b'ebyanga ab'eira, ababaire begyesiibwe, baine ediini, kandi barikwenda kuhindura abantu ba [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. [1] Okugaitwa kwa Bugirimaani omuri Tanzania obwa hati, kikareetaho okwerarikirira okundi. Omwaka gumwe ahanyima y'okuhinduka omugabe akaragiira ngu Yusufu Rugarama, Mako Kakumba, hamwe na Nuwa/Noah Serwanga, abaabaire bahindukire Aba kurisitaayo, baitwa. Ahabw'okushagikwa enganzi ye, ebiro 29 Okwa ikumi omu mwaka gwa 1885 akatuma omureberezi w'Abakurisitaayo James Hannington kwitwa aha nsharo y'oburugwa-izooba bw'obugabe bwe. Eki nikibaasa kuba kyabaire kigyendereirwe kuhisya obutumwa aha Bangyereza ngu akaba atarikwenda bataahirire [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. Nikigambwa ngu okwitwa kw'omureeberezi James Hannington kukarugiirira aha kitebyo omu bwire obwo ngu abazigu abaabaire nibaza kucwekyereza obugabe bakaba nibaija kuruga omuri burugwa-izooba, ahu omureeberezi yaareetiirwe. N'ahabw'ekyo, Kabaka akaragiira Luba, omukuru w'eihanga rya Busoga omuri burengyerwa-eizooba kwita Biishopu. Kwonka bwanyima Mwanga akatoorana Abakurisitaayo baingi omu myanya y'amahe. == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q1094107}} cxwba9yf1r5ukq6mskz2t4ybhydsalr 7256453 7256450 2026-07-20T10:46:02Z Rooth N 2608660 7256453 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q1094107}} '''Abajurizi ba Uganda'''<ref>Luwedde, Brenda (3 June 2026). "[https://ntv.co.ug/news/abajulizi-ba-uganda-ebikujjuko-nga-bwebibadde-okwetoloola-eggwanga-2 ABAJULIZI BA UGANDA :Ebikujjuko nga bwebibadde okwetoloola eggwanga - NTV Uganda]".</ref> n'ekigombe ky'abanya katuriki 22 hamwe n'abakurisitaayo 23 abaahindukire aba kurisitaayo omu bugabe bwa [[Wp/nyn/Buganda|Buganda]]. Obwa hati ekicweka kya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|yuganda]] abaisirwe aha gati y'okwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1885 ebiro 31 by'okwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1887 ebiro 27<ref>"Martyrs of Uganda". ''[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/612654/Martyrs-of-Uganda Encyclopædia Britannica Inc]''. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 2014. Retrieved 3 June 2014.</ref><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140719024926/http://www.buganda.com/martyrs.htm The Christian Martyrs of Uganda]". ''The Buganda Home Page''. Archived from [http://www.buganda.com/martyrs.htm the original] on 19 July 2014. Retrieved 15 August 2007.</ref> Bakaitirwa ahansi y'ebiragiro bya Mwanga II Kabaka (Omukama) wa Buganda. Okwitwa kukabaho omu bwire obu habaire hariho entaro z'amadiini ashatu ahabw'amaani g'eby'obutegyeki omu maka g'omugabe wa Buganda. Eki kikabaho aha mushororongo gw'okutahirira, okw'ebaganiisamu, okutwara obutegyeki ahabwa mahanga ga Buraaya hamwe n'okutwara eitaka rya Africa.<ref>Moorehead, Alan (1963). "Chapter 16, Paradise Reformed". ''The White Nile''. Penguin. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780060956394|9780060956394]]</bdi>.</ref> Bwanyima y'emyaka mikye, ekibiina kya kyaki miishanare sosayate kikakoresa okufa kw'aba bantu kutunga obushagiki bw'abantu baingi ahabw'okugira ngu Abangyereza bakatunga [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] aha bw'obugabe.<ref>David Apter (1961). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=FZJL3zJjipgC The Political Kingdom in Uganda: A Study of Bureaucratic Nationalism]''. Princeton University. p.&#x20;77. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-136-30764-5|978-1-136-30764-5]]</bdi>.</ref>Ekereziya y'abanyakaturiki ekaha omugisha Abajurizi baayo abakaturiki 22 omu mwaka gwa1920 kandi bakahindurwa abarikwera omu mwaka gwa 1964 eki kikakorwa Paapa Paul VI ahari St. Peter's Basilica omuri Rooma.<ref>"[https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/NV_165154 Mapeera relative speaks out on her impression of Uganda]". ''New Vision''. 17 July 2023. Retrieved 3 October 2023.</ref> Omu 2024, ebisigaire by'abajurizi babiri ab'Abakaturiki, Charles Lwanga na Mathias Mulumba, bikagarurwa omu Uganda.[9] == '''Oburugiriro''': == Okushohoza ebaruha omuri Bungyereza omu mwaka gwa 1875 eya handiikirwe Kabaka Muteesa 1 arikushaba abo Bangyereza okwija okuburira engiri, kikarugamu okuhika kwa Alexander Mackay ow'ekanisa ya Anglican Church Missionary Society omuri Buganda omu mwaka gwa 1877, Akakuku k'Abakaturiki Abajungu n'Abafaransa akarikwebemberwa Pierre Simon Lourdel (Fr. Mapera) kakareebeka bwanyima y'emyaka ebiri. Abashuubuzi Abaharabu kuruga Zanzibar, bakaba batwire obusiraamu omu bwa kabaka. Eki kikareetaho entaro z'ediini ez'emiringo eshatu ahabw'obushoboorozi bw'eby'obutegyeki omu kooti y'obugabe bwa Buganda. Ahagati y'emyaka ya 1880, baingi bakaba baahindwirwe buri guruupu, kandi bamwe ah'abaahindukire bakaba baine emyanya y'omugasho omu kooti y'omugabe. Muteesa wenyini akaba aine esaasi n'obusiraamu, kwonka abaami b'amaani abaingi bakaba bahindukire Abakurisitaayo. Kabaka Mwanga II akasikira entebe y'obukama omu mwaka gwa 1884. Akaba ayerarikiriire amaani g'obukurisitayo agabaire gari kweyongyera hamwe n'okubaho kw'ekika ky'abakugu abatsya ababaire batari kushushana n'abaami b'ebyanga ab'eira, ababaire begyesiibwe, baine ediini, kandi barikwenda kuhindura abantu ba [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. [1] Okugaitwa kwa Bugirimaani omuri Tanzania obwa hati, kikareetaho okwerarikirira okundi. Omwaka gumwe ahanyima y'okuhinduka omugabe akaragiira ngu Yusufu Rugarama, Mako Kakumba, hamwe na Nuwa/Noah Serwanga, abaabaire bahindukire Aba kurisitaayo, baitwa. Ahabw'okushagikwa enganzi ye, ebiro 29 Okwa ikumi omu mwaka gwa 1885 akatuma omureberezi w'Abakurisitaayo James Hannington kwitwa aha nsharo y'oburugwa-izooba bw'obugabe bwe. Eki nikibaasa kuba kyabaire kigyendereirwe kuhisya obutumwa aha Bangyereza ngu akaba atarikwenda bataahirire [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. Nikigambwa ngu okwitwa kw'omureeberezi James Hannington kukarugiirira aha kitebyo omu bwire obwo ngu abazigu abaabaire nibaza kucwekyereza obugabe bakaba nibaija kuruga omuri burugwa-izooba, ahu omureeberezi yaareetiirwe. N'ahabw'ekyo, Kabaka akaragiira Luba, omukuru w'eihanga rya Busoga omuri burengyerwa-eizooba kwita Biishopu. Kwonka bwanyima Mwanga akatoorana Abakurisitaayo baingi omu myanya y'amahe. == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q1094107}} kvmqu6mwezhuglrpq94hz0rb4xrvuna 7256456 7256453 2026-07-20T10:46:57Z Rooth N 2608660 7256456 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q1094107}} '''Abajurizi ba Uganda'''<ref>Luwedde, Brenda (3 June 2026). "[https://ntv.co.ug/news/abajulizi-ba-uganda-ebikujjuko-nga-bwebibadde-okwetoloola-eggwanga-2 ABAJULIZI BA UGANDA :Ebikujjuko nga bwebibadde okwetoloola eggwanga - NTV Uganda]".</ref> n'ekigombe ky'abanya katuriki 22 hamwe n'abakurisitaayo 23 abaahindukire aba kurisitaayo omu bugabe bwa [[Wp/nyn/Buganda|Buganda]]. Obwa hati ekicweka kya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|yuganda]] abaisirwe aha gati y'okwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1885 ebiro 31 by'okwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1887 ebiro 27<ref>"Martyrs of Uganda". ''[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/612654/Martyrs-of-Uganda Encyclopædia Britannica Inc]''. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 2014. Retrieved 3 June 2014.</ref><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140719024926/http://www.buganda.com/martyrs.htm The Christian Martyrs of Uganda]". ''The Buganda Home Page''. Archived from [http://www.buganda.com/martyrs.htm the original] on 19 July 2014. Retrieved 15 August 2007.</ref> Bakaitirwa ahansi y'ebiragiro bya Mwanga II Kabaka (Omukama) wa Buganda. Okwitwa kukabaho omu bwire obu habaire hariho entaro z'amadiini ashatu ahabw'amaani g'eby'obutegyeki omu maka g'omugabe wa Buganda. Eki kikabaho aha mushororongo gw'okutahirira, okw'ebaganiisamu, okutwara obutegyeki ahabwa mahanga ga Buraaya hamwe n'okutwara eitaka rya Africa.<ref>Moorehead, Alan (1963). "Chapter 16, Paradise Reformed". ''The White Nile''. Penguin. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780060956394|9780060956394]]</bdi>.</ref> Bwanyima y'emyaka mikye, ekibiina kya kyaki miishanare sosayate kikakoresa okufa kw'aba bantu kutunga obushagiki bw'abantu baingi ahabw'okugira ngu Abangyereza bakatunga [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] aha bw'obugabe.<ref>David Apter (1961). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=FZJL3zJjipgC The Political Kingdom in Uganda: A Study of Bureaucratic Nationalism]''. Princeton University. p.&#x20;77. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-136-30764-5|978-1-136-30764-5]]</bdi>.</ref>Ekereziya y'abanyakaturiki ekaha omugisha Abajurizi baayo abakaturiki 22 omu mwaka gwa1920 kandi bakahindurwa abarikwera omu mwaka gwa 1964 eki kikakorwa Paapa Paul VI ahari St. Peter's Basilica omuri Rooma.<ref>"[https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/NV_165154 Mapeera relative speaks out on her impression of Uganda]". ''New Vision''. 17 July 2023. Retrieved 3 October 2023.</ref><ref>"[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/how-uganda-s-martyrs-shaped-catholic-hymns-4247574 How Uganda's martyrs shaped Catholic hymns]". ''Monitor''. 27 May 2023. Retrieved 5 October 2023.</ref> Omu 2024, ebisigaire by'abajurizi babiri ab'Abakaturiki, Charles Lwanga na Mathias Mulumba, bikagarurwa omu Uganda.[9] == '''Oburugiriro''': == Okushohoza ebaruha omuri Bungyereza omu mwaka gwa 1875 eya handiikirwe Kabaka Muteesa 1 arikushaba abo Bangyereza okwija okuburira engiri, kikarugamu okuhika kwa Alexander Mackay ow'ekanisa ya Anglican Church Missionary Society omuri Buganda omu mwaka gwa 1877, Akakuku k'Abakaturiki Abajungu n'Abafaransa akarikwebemberwa Pierre Simon Lourdel (Fr. Mapera) kakareebeka bwanyima y'emyaka ebiri. Abashuubuzi Abaharabu kuruga Zanzibar, bakaba batwire obusiraamu omu bwa kabaka. Eki kikareetaho entaro z'ediini ez'emiringo eshatu ahabw'obushoboorozi bw'eby'obutegyeki omu kooti y'obugabe bwa Buganda. Ahagati y'emyaka ya 1880, baingi bakaba baahindwirwe buri guruupu, kandi bamwe ah'abaahindukire bakaba baine emyanya y'omugasho omu kooti y'omugabe. Muteesa wenyini akaba aine esaasi n'obusiraamu, kwonka abaami b'amaani abaingi bakaba bahindukire Abakurisitaayo. Kabaka Mwanga II akasikira entebe y'obukama omu mwaka gwa 1884. Akaba ayerarikiriire amaani g'obukurisitayo agabaire gari kweyongyera hamwe n'okubaho kw'ekika ky'abakugu abatsya ababaire batari kushushana n'abaami b'ebyanga ab'eira, ababaire begyesiibwe, baine ediini, kandi barikwenda kuhindura abantu ba [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. [1] Okugaitwa kwa Bugirimaani omuri Tanzania obwa hati, kikareetaho okwerarikirira okundi. Omwaka gumwe ahanyima y'okuhinduka omugabe akaragiira ngu Yusufu Rugarama, Mako Kakumba, hamwe na Nuwa/Noah Serwanga, abaabaire bahindukire Aba kurisitaayo, baitwa. Ahabw'okushagikwa enganzi ye, ebiro 29 Okwa ikumi omu mwaka gwa 1885 akatuma omureberezi w'Abakurisitaayo James Hannington kwitwa aha nsharo y'oburugwa-izooba bw'obugabe bwe. Eki nikibaasa kuba kyabaire kigyendereirwe kuhisya obutumwa aha Bangyereza ngu akaba atarikwenda bataahirire [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. Nikigambwa ngu okwitwa kw'omureeberezi James Hannington kukarugiirira aha kitebyo omu bwire obwo ngu abazigu abaabaire nibaza kucwekyereza obugabe bakaba nibaija kuruga omuri burugwa-izooba, ahu omureeberezi yaareetiirwe. N'ahabw'ekyo, Kabaka akaragiira Luba, omukuru w'eihanga rya Busoga omuri burengyerwa-eizooba kwita Biishopu. Kwonka bwanyima Mwanga akatoorana Abakurisitaayo baingi omu myanya y'amahe. == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q1094107}} 5ttkq7t4yfawj0ievb23yg9hvwt4k9k 7256458 7256456 2026-07-20T10:47:41Z Rooth N 2608660 7256458 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q1094107}} '''Abajurizi ba Uganda'''<ref>Luwedde, Brenda (3 June 2026). "[https://ntv.co.ug/news/abajulizi-ba-uganda-ebikujjuko-nga-bwebibadde-okwetoloola-eggwanga-2 ABAJULIZI BA UGANDA :Ebikujjuko nga bwebibadde okwetoloola eggwanga - NTV Uganda]".</ref> n'ekigombe ky'abanya katuriki 22 hamwe n'abakurisitaayo 23 abaahindukire aba kurisitaayo omu bugabe bwa [[Wp/nyn/Buganda|Buganda]]. Obwa hati ekicweka kya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|yuganda]] abaisirwe aha gati y'okwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1885 ebiro 31 by'okwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1887 ebiro 27<ref>"Martyrs of Uganda". ''[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/612654/Martyrs-of-Uganda Encyclopædia Britannica Inc]''. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 2014. Retrieved 3 June 2014.</ref><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140719024926/http://www.buganda.com/martyrs.htm The Christian Martyrs of Uganda]". ''The Buganda Home Page''. Archived from [http://www.buganda.com/martyrs.htm the original] on 19 July 2014. Retrieved 15 August 2007.</ref> Bakaitirwa ahansi y'ebiragiro bya Mwanga II Kabaka (Omukama) wa Buganda. Okwitwa kukabaho omu bwire obu habaire hariho entaro z'amadiini ashatu ahabw'amaani g'eby'obutegyeki omu maka g'omugabe wa Buganda. Eki kikabaho aha mushororongo gw'okutahirira, okw'ebaganiisamu, okutwara obutegyeki ahabwa mahanga ga Buraaya hamwe n'okutwara eitaka rya Africa.<ref>Moorehead, Alan (1963). "Chapter 16, Paradise Reformed". ''The White Nile''. Penguin. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780060956394|9780060956394]]</bdi>.</ref> Bwanyima y'emyaka mikye, ekibiina kya kyaki miishanare sosayate kikakoresa okufa kw'aba bantu kutunga obushagiki bw'abantu baingi ahabw'okugira ngu Abangyereza bakatunga [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] aha bw'obugabe.<ref>David Apter (1961). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=FZJL3zJjipgC The Political Kingdom in Uganda: A Study of Bureaucratic Nationalism]''. Princeton University. p.&#x20;77. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-136-30764-5|978-1-136-30764-5]]</bdi>.</ref>Ekereziya y'abanyakaturiki ekaha omugisha Abajurizi baayo abakaturiki 22 omu mwaka gwa1920 kandi bakahindurwa abarikwera omu mwaka gwa 1964 eki kikakorwa Paapa Paul VI ahari St. Peter's Basilica omuri Rooma.<ref>"[https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/NV_165154 Mapeera relative speaks out on her impression of Uganda]". ''New Vision''. 17 July 2023. Retrieved 3 October 2023.</ref><ref>"[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/how-uganda-s-martyrs-shaped-catholic-hymns-4247574 How Uganda's martyrs shaped Catholic hymns]". ''Monitor''. 27 May 2023. Retrieved 5 October 2023.</ref> Omu 2024, ebisigaire by'abajurizi babiri ab'Abakaturiki, Charles Lwanga na Mathias Mulumba, bikagarurwa omu Uganda.<ref>Kisekka, Christopher (10 September 2024). "[https://ugandaradionetwork.net/story/relics-of-uganda-martyrs-return-as-church-marks-60-years-of-their-sainthood Relics of Uganda Martyrs Return as Church Marks 60 Years of Their Sainthood]". ''Uganda Radionetwork''. Retrieved 6 October 2025.</ref> == '''Oburugiriro''': == Okushohoza ebaruha omuri Bungyereza omu mwaka gwa 1875 eya handiikirwe Kabaka Muteesa 1 arikushaba abo Bangyereza okwija okuburira engiri, kikarugamu okuhika kwa Alexander Mackay ow'ekanisa ya Anglican Church Missionary Society omuri Buganda omu mwaka gwa 1877, Akakuku k'Abakaturiki Abajungu n'Abafaransa akarikwebemberwa Pierre Simon Lourdel (Fr. Mapera) kakareebeka bwanyima y'emyaka ebiri. Abashuubuzi Abaharabu kuruga Zanzibar, bakaba batwire obusiraamu omu bwa kabaka. Eki kikareetaho entaro z'ediini ez'emiringo eshatu ahabw'obushoboorozi bw'eby'obutegyeki omu kooti y'obugabe bwa Buganda. Ahagati y'emyaka ya 1880, baingi bakaba baahindwirwe buri guruupu, kandi bamwe ah'abaahindukire bakaba baine emyanya y'omugasho omu kooti y'omugabe. Muteesa wenyini akaba aine esaasi n'obusiraamu, kwonka abaami b'amaani abaingi bakaba bahindukire Abakurisitaayo. Kabaka Mwanga II akasikira entebe y'obukama omu mwaka gwa 1884. Akaba ayerarikiriire amaani g'obukurisitayo agabaire gari kweyongyera hamwe n'okubaho kw'ekika ky'abakugu abatsya ababaire batari kushushana n'abaami b'ebyanga ab'eira, ababaire begyesiibwe, baine ediini, kandi barikwenda kuhindura abantu ba [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. [1] Okugaitwa kwa Bugirimaani omuri Tanzania obwa hati, kikareetaho okwerarikirira okundi. Omwaka gumwe ahanyima y'okuhinduka omugabe akaragiira ngu Yusufu Rugarama, Mako Kakumba, hamwe na Nuwa/Noah Serwanga, abaabaire bahindukire Aba kurisitaayo, baitwa. Ahabw'okushagikwa enganzi ye, ebiro 29 Okwa ikumi omu mwaka gwa 1885 akatuma omureberezi w'Abakurisitaayo James Hannington kwitwa aha nsharo y'oburugwa-izooba bw'obugabe bwe. Eki nikibaasa kuba kyabaire kigyendereirwe kuhisya obutumwa aha Bangyereza ngu akaba atarikwenda bataahirire [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. Nikigambwa ngu okwitwa kw'omureeberezi James Hannington kukarugiirira aha kitebyo omu bwire obwo ngu abazigu abaabaire nibaza kucwekyereza obugabe bakaba nibaija kuruga omuri burugwa-izooba, ahu omureeberezi yaareetiirwe. N'ahabw'ekyo, Kabaka akaragiira Luba, omukuru w'eihanga rya Busoga omuri burengyerwa-eizooba kwita Biishopu. Kwonka bwanyima Mwanga akatoorana Abakurisitaayo baingi omu myanya y'amahe. == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q1094107}} hfyfuwa6n5hpx5hw5s3njo4weg4xj47 7256464 7256458 2026-07-20T10:50:13Z Rooth N 2608660 7256464 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q1094107}} '''Abajurizi ba Uganda'''<ref>Luwedde, Brenda (3 June 2026). "[https://ntv.co.ug/news/abajulizi-ba-uganda-ebikujjuko-nga-bwebibadde-okwetoloola-eggwanga-2 ABAJULIZI BA UGANDA :Ebikujjuko nga bwebibadde okwetoloola eggwanga - NTV Uganda]".</ref> n'ekigombe ky'abanya katuriki 22 hamwe n'abakurisitaayo 23 abaahindukire aba kurisitaayo omu bugabe bwa [[Wp/nyn/Buganda|Buganda]]. Obwa hati ekicweka kya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|yuganda]] abaisirwe aha gati y'okwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1885 ebiro 31 by'okwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1887 ebiro 27<ref>"Martyrs of Uganda". ''[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/612654/Martyrs-of-Uganda Encyclopædia Britannica Inc]''. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 2014. Retrieved 3 June 2014.</ref><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140719024926/http://www.buganda.com/martyrs.htm The Christian Martyrs of Uganda]". ''The Buganda Home Page''. Archived from [http://www.buganda.com/martyrs.htm the original] on 19 July 2014. Retrieved 15 August 2007.</ref> Bakaitirwa ahansi y'ebiragiro bya Mwanga II Kabaka (Omukama) wa Buganda. Okwitwa kukabaho omu bwire obu habaire hariho entaro z'amadiini ashatu ahabw'amaani g'eby'obutegyeki omu maka g'omugabe wa Buganda. Eki kikabaho aha mushororongo gw'okutahirira, okw'ebaganiisamu, okutwara obutegyeki ahabwa mahanga ga Buraaya hamwe n'okutwara eitaka rya Africa.<ref>Moorehead, Alan (1963). "Chapter 16, Paradise Reformed". ''The White Nile''. Penguin. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780060956394|9780060956394]]</bdi>.</ref> Bwanyima y'emyaka mikye, ekibiina kya kyaki miishanare sosayate kikakoresa okufa kw'aba bantu kutunga obushagiki bw'abantu baingi ahabw'okugira ngu Abangyereza bakatunga [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] aha bw'obugabe.<ref>David Apter (1961). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=FZJL3zJjipgC The Political Kingdom in Uganda: A Study of Bureaucratic Nationalism]''. Princeton University. p.&#x20;77. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-136-30764-5|978-1-136-30764-5]]</bdi>.</ref>Ekereziya y'abanyakaturiki ekaha omugisha Abajurizi baayo abakaturiki 22 omu mwaka gwa1920 kandi bakahindurwa abarikwera omu mwaka gwa 1964 eki kikakorwa Paapa Paul VI ahari St. Peter's Basilica omuri Rooma.<ref>"[https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/NV_165154 Mapeera relative speaks out on her impression of Uganda]". ''New Vision''. 17 July 2023. Retrieved 3 October 2023.</ref><ref>"[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/how-uganda-s-martyrs-shaped-catholic-hymns-4247574 How Uganda's martyrs shaped Catholic hymns]". ''Monitor''. 27 May 2023. Retrieved 5 October 2023.</ref> Omu 2024, ebisigaire by'abajurizi babiri ab'Abakaturiki, Charles Lwanga na Mathias Mulumba, bikagarurwa omu Uganda.<ref>Kisekka, Christopher (10 September 2024). "[https://ugandaradionetwork.net/story/relics-of-uganda-martyrs-return-as-church-marks-60-years-of-their-sainthood Relics of Uganda Martyrs Return as Church Marks 60 Years of Their Sainthood]". ''Uganda Radionetwork''. Retrieved 6 October 2025.</ref> == '''Oburugiriro''': == Okushohoza ebaruha omuri Bungyereza omu mwaka gwa 1875 eya handiikirwe Kabaka Muteesa 1 arikushaba abo Bangyereza okwija okuburira engiri, kikarugamu okuhika kwa Alexander Mackay ow'ekanisa ya Anglican Church Missionary Society omuri Buganda omu mwaka gwa 1877, Akakuku k'Abakaturiki Abajungu n'Abafaransa akarikwebemberwa Pierre Simon Lourdel (Fr. Mapera) kakareebeka bwanyima y'emyaka ebiri. Abashuubuzi Abaharabu kuruga Zanzibar, bakaba batwire obusiraamu omu bwa kabaka.<ref>Ian Leggett (2001). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=tdz9geaMMtkC Uganda]''. Oxfam. p.&#x20;13. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-85598-454-0|978-0-85598-454-0]]</bdi>.</ref> Eki kikareetaho entaro z'ediini ez'emiringo eshatu ahabw'obushoboorozi bw'eby'obutegyeki omu kooti y'obugabe bwa Buganda. Ahagati y'emyaka ya 1880, baingi bakaba baahindwirwe buri guruupu, kandi bamwe ah'abaahindukire bakaba baine emyanya y'omugasho omu kooti y'omugabe. Muteesa wenyini akaba aine esaasi n'obusiraamu, kwonka abaami b'amaani abaingi bakaba bahindukire Abakurisitaayo. Kabaka Mwanga II akasikira entebe y'obukama omu mwaka gwa 1884. Akaba ayerarikiriire amaani g'obukurisitayo agabaire gari kweyongyera hamwe n'okubaho kw'ekika ky'abakugu abatsya ababaire batari kushushana n'abaami b'ebyanga ab'eira, ababaire begyesiibwe, baine ediini, kandi barikwenda kuhindura abantu ba [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. [1] Okugaitwa kwa Bugirimaani omuri Tanzania obwa hati, kikareetaho okwerarikirira okundi. Omwaka gumwe ahanyima y'okuhinduka omugabe akaragiira ngu Yusufu Rugarama, Mako Kakumba, hamwe na Nuwa/Noah Serwanga, abaabaire bahindukire Aba kurisitaayo, baitwa. Ahabw'okushagikwa enganzi ye, ebiro 29 Okwa ikumi omu mwaka gwa 1885 akatuma omureberezi w'Abakurisitaayo James Hannington kwitwa aha nsharo y'oburugwa-izooba bw'obugabe bwe. Eki nikibaasa kuba kyabaire kigyendereirwe kuhisya obutumwa aha Bangyereza ngu akaba atarikwenda bataahirire [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. Nikigambwa ngu okwitwa kw'omureeberezi James Hannington kukarugiirira aha kitebyo omu bwire obwo ngu abazigu abaabaire nibaza kucwekyereza obugabe bakaba nibaija kuruga omuri burugwa-izooba, ahu omureeberezi yaareetiirwe. N'ahabw'ekyo, Kabaka akaragiira Luba, omukuru w'eihanga rya Busoga omuri burengyerwa-eizooba kwita Biishopu. Kwonka bwanyima Mwanga akatoorana Abakurisitaayo baingi omu myanya y'amahe. == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q1094107}} gq3w9prpg8b4jufgymjk43g8qtp6lw6 7256466 7256464 2026-07-20T10:50:44Z Rooth N 2608660 7256466 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q1094107}} '''Abajurizi ba Uganda'''<ref>Luwedde, Brenda (3 June 2026). "[https://ntv.co.ug/news/abajulizi-ba-uganda-ebikujjuko-nga-bwebibadde-okwetoloola-eggwanga-2 ABAJULIZI BA UGANDA :Ebikujjuko nga bwebibadde okwetoloola eggwanga - NTV Uganda]".</ref> n'ekigombe ky'abanya katuriki 22 hamwe n'abakurisitaayo 23 abaahindukire aba kurisitaayo omu bugabe bwa [[Wp/nyn/Buganda|Buganda]]. Obwa hati ekicweka kya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|yuganda]] abaisirwe aha gati y'okwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1885 ebiro 31 by'okwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1887 ebiro 27<ref>"Martyrs of Uganda". ''[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/612654/Martyrs-of-Uganda Encyclopædia Britannica Inc]''. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 2014. Retrieved 3 June 2014.</ref><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140719024926/http://www.buganda.com/martyrs.htm The Christian Martyrs of Uganda]". ''The Buganda Home Page''. Archived from [http://www.buganda.com/martyrs.htm the original] on 19 July 2014. Retrieved 15 August 2007.</ref> Bakaitirwa ahansi y'ebiragiro bya Mwanga II Kabaka (Omukama) wa Buganda. Okwitwa kukabaho omu bwire obu habaire hariho entaro z'amadiini ashatu ahabw'amaani g'eby'obutegyeki omu maka g'omugabe wa Buganda. Eki kikabaho aha mushororongo gw'okutahirira, okw'ebaganiisamu, okutwara obutegyeki ahabwa mahanga ga Buraaya hamwe n'okutwara eitaka rya Africa.<ref name=":0">Moorehead, Alan (1963). "Chapter 16, Paradise Reformed". ''The White Nile''. Penguin. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780060956394|9780060956394]]</bdi>.</ref> Bwanyima y'emyaka mikye, ekibiina kya kyaki miishanare sosayate kikakoresa okufa kw'aba bantu kutunga obushagiki bw'abantu baingi ahabw'okugira ngu Abangyereza bakatunga [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] aha bw'obugabe.<ref>David Apter (1961). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=FZJL3zJjipgC The Political Kingdom in Uganda: A Study of Bureaucratic Nationalism]''. Princeton University. p.&#x20;77. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-136-30764-5|978-1-136-30764-5]]</bdi>.</ref>Ekereziya y'abanyakaturiki ekaha omugisha Abajurizi baayo abakaturiki 22 omu mwaka gwa1920 kandi bakahindurwa abarikwera omu mwaka gwa 1964 eki kikakorwa Paapa Paul VI ahari St. Peter's Basilica omuri Rooma.<ref>"[https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/NV_165154 Mapeera relative speaks out on her impression of Uganda]". ''New Vision''. 17 July 2023. Retrieved 3 October 2023.</ref><ref>"[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/how-uganda-s-martyrs-shaped-catholic-hymns-4247574 How Uganda's martyrs shaped Catholic hymns]". ''Monitor''. 27 May 2023. Retrieved 5 October 2023.</ref> Omu 2024, ebisigaire by'abajurizi babiri ab'Abakaturiki, Charles Lwanga na Mathias Mulumba, bikagarurwa omu Uganda.<ref>Kisekka, Christopher (10 September 2024). "[https://ugandaradionetwork.net/story/relics-of-uganda-martyrs-return-as-church-marks-60-years-of-their-sainthood Relics of Uganda Martyrs Return as Church Marks 60 Years of Their Sainthood]". ''Uganda Radionetwork''. Retrieved 6 October 2025.</ref> == '''Oburugiriro''': == Okushohoza ebaruha omuri Bungyereza omu mwaka gwa 1875 eya handiikirwe Kabaka Muteesa 1 arikushaba abo Bangyereza okwija okuburira engiri, kikarugamu okuhika kwa Alexander Mackay ow'ekanisa ya Anglican Church Missionary Society omuri Buganda omu mwaka gwa 1877, Akakuku k'Abakaturiki Abajungu n'Abafaransa akarikwebemberwa Pierre Simon Lourdel (Fr. Mapera) kakareebeka bwanyima y'emyaka ebiri. Abashuubuzi Abaharabu kuruga Zanzibar, bakaba batwire obusiraamu omu bwa kabaka.<ref>Ian Leggett (2001). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=tdz9geaMMtkC Uganda]''. Oxfam. p.&#x20;13. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-85598-454-0|978-0-85598-454-0]]</bdi>.</ref> Eki kikareetaho entaro z'ediini ez'emiringo eshatu ahabw'obushoboorozi bw'eby'obutegyeki omu kooti y'obugabe bwa Buganda.<ref name=":0" /> Ahagati y'emyaka ya 1880, baingi bakaba baahindwirwe buri guruupu, kandi bamwe ah'abaahindukire bakaba baine emyanya y'omugasho omu kooti y'omugabe. Muteesa wenyini akaba aine esaasi n'obusiraamu, kwonka abaami b'amaani abaingi bakaba bahindukire Abakurisitaayo. Kabaka Mwanga II akasikira entebe y'obukama omu mwaka gwa 1884. Akaba ayerarikiriire amaani g'obukurisitayo agabaire gari kweyongyera hamwe n'okubaho kw'ekika ky'abakugu abatsya ababaire batari kushushana n'abaami b'ebyanga ab'eira, ababaire begyesiibwe, baine ediini, kandi barikwenda kuhindura abantu ba [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. [1] Okugaitwa kwa Bugirimaani omuri Tanzania obwa hati, kikareetaho okwerarikirira okundi. Omwaka gumwe ahanyima y'okuhinduka omugabe akaragiira ngu Yusufu Rugarama, Mako Kakumba, hamwe na Nuwa/Noah Serwanga, abaabaire bahindukire Aba kurisitaayo, baitwa. Ahabw'okushagikwa enganzi ye, ebiro 29 Okwa ikumi omu mwaka gwa 1885 akatuma omureberezi w'Abakurisitaayo James Hannington kwitwa aha nsharo y'oburugwa-izooba bw'obugabe bwe. Eki nikibaasa kuba kyabaire kigyendereirwe kuhisya obutumwa aha Bangyereza ngu akaba atarikwenda bataahirire [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. Nikigambwa ngu okwitwa kw'omureeberezi James Hannington kukarugiirira aha kitebyo omu bwire obwo ngu abazigu abaabaire nibaza kucwekyereza obugabe bakaba nibaija kuruga omuri burugwa-izooba, ahu omureeberezi yaareetiirwe. N'ahabw'ekyo, Kabaka akaragiira Luba, omukuru w'eihanga rya Busoga omuri burengyerwa-eizooba kwita Biishopu. Kwonka bwanyima Mwanga akatoorana Abakurisitaayo baingi omu myanya y'amahe. == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q1094107}} q89t6uo1nxgyix2vp76f4myo512ozud 7256468 7256466 2026-07-20T10:51:28Z Rooth N 2608660 7256468 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q1094107}} '''Abajurizi ba Uganda'''<ref>Luwedde, Brenda (3 June 2026). "[https://ntv.co.ug/news/abajulizi-ba-uganda-ebikujjuko-nga-bwebibadde-okwetoloola-eggwanga-2 ABAJULIZI BA UGANDA :Ebikujjuko nga bwebibadde okwetoloola eggwanga - NTV Uganda]".</ref> n'ekigombe ky'abanya katuriki 22 hamwe n'abakurisitaayo 23 abaahindukire aba kurisitaayo omu bugabe bwa [[Wp/nyn/Buganda|Buganda]]. Obwa hati ekicweka kya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|yuganda]] abaisirwe aha gati y'okwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1885 ebiro 31 by'okwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1887 ebiro 27<ref>"Martyrs of Uganda". ''[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/612654/Martyrs-of-Uganda Encyclopædia Britannica Inc]''. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 2014. Retrieved 3 June 2014.</ref><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140719024926/http://www.buganda.com/martyrs.htm The Christian Martyrs of Uganda]". ''The Buganda Home Page''. Archived from [http://www.buganda.com/martyrs.htm the original] on 19 July 2014. Retrieved 15 August 2007.</ref> Bakaitirwa ahansi y'ebiragiro bya Mwanga II Kabaka (Omukama) wa Buganda. Okwitwa kukabaho omu bwire obu habaire hariho entaro z'amadiini ashatu ahabw'amaani g'eby'obutegyeki omu maka g'omugabe wa Buganda. Eki kikabaho aha mushororongo gw'okutahirira, okw'ebaganiisamu, okutwara obutegyeki ahabwa mahanga ga Buraaya hamwe n'okutwara eitaka rya Africa.<ref name=":0">Moorehead, Alan (1963). "Chapter 16, Paradise Reformed". ''The White Nile''. Penguin. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780060956394|9780060956394]]</bdi>.</ref> Bwanyima y'emyaka mikye, ekibiina kya kyaki miishanare sosayate kikakoresa okufa kw'aba bantu kutunga obushagiki bw'abantu baingi ahabw'okugira ngu Abangyereza bakatunga [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] aha bw'obugabe.<ref>David Apter (1961). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=FZJL3zJjipgC The Political Kingdom in Uganda: A Study of Bureaucratic Nationalism]''. Princeton University. p.&#x20;77. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-136-30764-5|978-1-136-30764-5]]</bdi>.</ref>Ekereziya y'abanyakaturiki ekaha omugisha Abajurizi baayo abakaturiki 22 omu mwaka gwa1920 kandi bakahindurwa abarikwera omu mwaka gwa 1964 eki kikakorwa Paapa Paul VI ahari St. Peter's Basilica omuri Rooma.<ref>"[https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/NV_165154 Mapeera relative speaks out on her impression of Uganda]". ''New Vision''. 17 July 2023. Retrieved 3 October 2023.</ref><ref>"[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/how-uganda-s-martyrs-shaped-catholic-hymns-4247574 How Uganda's martyrs shaped Catholic hymns]". ''Monitor''. 27 May 2023. Retrieved 5 October 2023.</ref> Omu 2024, ebisigaire by'abajurizi babiri ab'Abakaturiki, Charles Lwanga na Mathias Mulumba, bikagarurwa omu Uganda.<ref>Kisekka, Christopher (10 September 2024). "[https://ugandaradionetwork.net/story/relics-of-uganda-martyrs-return-as-church-marks-60-years-of-their-sainthood Relics of Uganda Martyrs Return as Church Marks 60 Years of Their Sainthood]". ''Uganda Radionetwork''. Retrieved 6 October 2025.</ref> == '''Oburugiriro''': == Okushohoza ebaruha omuri Bungyereza omu mwaka gwa 1875 eya handiikirwe Kabaka Muteesa 1 arikushaba abo Bangyereza okwija okuburira engiri, kikarugamu okuhika kwa Alexander Mackay ow'ekanisa ya Anglican Church Missionary Society omuri Buganda omu mwaka gwa 1877, Akakuku k'Abakaturiki Abajungu n'Abafaransa akarikwebemberwa Pierre Simon Lourdel (Fr. Mapera) kakareebeka bwanyima y'emyaka ebiri. Abashuubuzi Abaharabu kuruga Zanzibar, bakaba batwire obusiraamu omu bwa kabaka.<ref>Ian Leggett (2001). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=tdz9geaMMtkC Uganda]''. Oxfam. p.&#x20;13. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-85598-454-0|978-0-85598-454-0]]</bdi>.</ref> Eki kikareetaho entaro z'ediini ez'emiringo eshatu ahabw'obushoboorozi bw'eby'obutegyeki omu kooti y'obugabe bwa Buganda.<ref name=":0" /> Ahagati y'emyaka ya 1880, baingi bakaba baahindwirwe buri guruupu, kandi bamwe ah'abaahindukire bakaba baine emyanya y'omugasho omu kooti y'omugabe.<ref>"[http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+ug0016) Long-Distance Trade and Foreign Contact]". ''Uganda''. Library of Congress Country Studies. December 1990. Retrieved 29 September 2014.</ref> Muteesa wenyini akaba aine esaasi n'obusiraamu, kwonka abaami b'amaani abaingi bakaba bahindukire Abakurisitaayo. Kabaka Mwanga II akasikira entebe y'obukama omu mwaka gwa 1884. Akaba ayerarikiriire amaani g'obukurisitayo agabaire gari kweyongyera hamwe n'okubaho kw'ekika ky'abakugu abatsya ababaire batari kushushana n'abaami b'ebyanga ab'eira, ababaire begyesiibwe, baine ediini, kandi barikwenda kuhindura abantu ba [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. [1] Okugaitwa kwa Bugirimaani omuri Tanzania obwa hati, kikareetaho okwerarikirira okundi. Omwaka gumwe ahanyima y'okuhinduka omugabe akaragiira ngu Yusufu Rugarama, Mako Kakumba, hamwe na Nuwa/Noah Serwanga, abaabaire bahindukire Aba kurisitaayo, baitwa. Ahabw'okushagikwa enganzi ye, ebiro 29 Okwa ikumi omu mwaka gwa 1885 akatuma omureberezi w'Abakurisitaayo James Hannington kwitwa aha nsharo y'oburugwa-izooba bw'obugabe bwe. Eki nikibaasa kuba kyabaire kigyendereirwe kuhisya obutumwa aha Bangyereza ngu akaba atarikwenda bataahirire [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. Nikigambwa ngu okwitwa kw'omureeberezi James Hannington kukarugiirira aha kitebyo omu bwire obwo ngu abazigu abaabaire nibaza kucwekyereza obugabe bakaba nibaija kuruga omuri burugwa-izooba, ahu omureeberezi yaareetiirwe. N'ahabw'ekyo, Kabaka akaragiira Luba, omukuru w'eihanga rya Busoga omuri burengyerwa-eizooba kwita Biishopu. Kwonka bwanyima Mwanga akatoorana Abakurisitaayo baingi omu myanya y'amahe. == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q1094107}} opcw5kdp30yms5gxw65bt8ff0zk500w 7256471 7256468 2026-07-20T10:52:26Z Rooth N 2608660 7256471 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q1094107}} '''Abajurizi ba Uganda'''<ref>Luwedde, Brenda (3 June 2026). "[https://ntv.co.ug/news/abajulizi-ba-uganda-ebikujjuko-nga-bwebibadde-okwetoloola-eggwanga-2 ABAJULIZI BA UGANDA :Ebikujjuko nga bwebibadde okwetoloola eggwanga - NTV Uganda]".</ref> n'ekigombe ky'abanya katuriki 22 hamwe n'abakurisitaayo 23 abaahindukire aba kurisitaayo omu bugabe bwa [[Wp/nyn/Buganda|Buganda]]. Obwa hati ekicweka kya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|yuganda]] abaisirwe aha gati y'okwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1885 ebiro 31 by'okwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1887 ebiro 27<ref>"Martyrs of Uganda". ''[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/612654/Martyrs-of-Uganda Encyclopædia Britannica Inc]''. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 2014. Retrieved 3 June 2014.</ref><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140719024926/http://www.buganda.com/martyrs.htm The Christian Martyrs of Uganda]". ''The Buganda Home Page''. Archived from [http://www.buganda.com/martyrs.htm the original] on 19 July 2014. Retrieved 15 August 2007.</ref> Bakaitirwa ahansi y'ebiragiro bya Mwanga II Kabaka (Omukama) wa Buganda. Okwitwa kukabaho omu bwire obu habaire hariho entaro z'amadiini ashatu ahabw'amaani g'eby'obutegyeki omu maka g'omugabe wa Buganda. Eki kikabaho aha mushororongo gw'okutahirira, okw'ebaganiisamu, okutwara obutegyeki ahabwa mahanga ga Buraaya hamwe n'okutwara eitaka rya Africa.<ref name=":0">Moorehead, Alan (1963). "Chapter 16, Paradise Reformed". ''The White Nile''. Penguin. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780060956394|9780060956394]]</bdi>.</ref> Bwanyima y'emyaka mikye, ekibiina kya kyaki miishanare sosayate kikakoresa okufa kw'aba bantu kutunga obushagiki bw'abantu baingi ahabw'okugira ngu Abangyereza bakatunga [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] aha bw'obugabe.<ref>David Apter (1961). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=FZJL3zJjipgC The Political Kingdom in Uganda: A Study of Bureaucratic Nationalism]''. Princeton University. p.&#x20;77. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-136-30764-5|978-1-136-30764-5]]</bdi>.</ref>Ekereziya y'abanyakaturiki ekaha omugisha Abajurizi baayo abakaturiki 22 omu mwaka gwa1920 kandi bakahindurwa abarikwera omu mwaka gwa 1964 eki kikakorwa Paapa Paul VI ahari St. Peter's Basilica omuri Rooma.<ref>"[https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/NV_165154 Mapeera relative speaks out on her impression of Uganda]". ''New Vision''. 17 July 2023. Retrieved 3 October 2023.</ref><ref>"[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/how-uganda-s-martyrs-shaped-catholic-hymns-4247574 How Uganda's martyrs shaped Catholic hymns]". ''Monitor''. 27 May 2023. Retrieved 5 October 2023.</ref> Omu 2024, ebisigaire by'abajurizi babiri ab'Abakaturiki, Charles Lwanga na Mathias Mulumba, bikagarurwa omu Uganda.<ref>Kisekka, Christopher (10 September 2024). "[https://ugandaradionetwork.net/story/relics-of-uganda-martyrs-return-as-church-marks-60-years-of-their-sainthood Relics of Uganda Martyrs Return as Church Marks 60 Years of Their Sainthood]". ''Uganda Radionetwork''. Retrieved 6 October 2025.</ref> == '''Oburugiriro''': == Okushohoza ebaruha omuri Bungyereza omu mwaka gwa 1875 eya handiikirwe Kabaka Muteesa 1 arikushaba abo Bangyereza okwija okuburira engiri, kikarugamu okuhika kwa Alexander Mackay ow'ekanisa ya Anglican Church Missionary Society omuri Buganda omu mwaka gwa 1877, Akakuku k'Abakaturiki Abajungu n'Abafaransa akarikwebemberwa Pierre Simon Lourdel (Fr. Mapera) kakareebeka bwanyima y'emyaka ebiri. Abashuubuzi Abaharabu kuruga Zanzibar, bakaba batwire obusiraamu omu bwa kabaka.<ref>Ian Leggett (2001). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=tdz9geaMMtkC Uganda]''. Oxfam. p.&#x20;13. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-85598-454-0|978-0-85598-454-0]]</bdi>.</ref> Eki kikareetaho entaro z'ediini ez'emiringo eshatu ahabw'obushoboorozi bw'eby'obutegyeki omu kooti y'obugabe bwa Buganda.<ref name=":0" /> Ahagati y'emyaka ya 1880, baingi bakaba baahindwirwe buri guruupu, kandi bamwe ah'abaahindukire bakaba baine emyanya y'omugasho omu kooti y'omugabe.<ref>"[http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+ug0016) Long-Distance Trade and Foreign Contact]". ''Uganda''. Library of Congress Country Studies. December 1990. Retrieved 29 September 2014.</ref> Muteesa wenyini akaba aine esaasi n'obusiraamu, kwonka abaami b'amaani abaingi bakaba bahindukire Abakurisitaayo.<ref>Mark R. Lipschutz and R. Kent Rasmussen, ''Dictionary of African Historical Biography'', University of California Press, 1986 ([[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]), p. 164.</ref> Kabaka Mwanga II akasikira entebe y'obukama omu mwaka gwa 1884. Akaba ayerarikiriire amaani g'obukurisitayo agabaire gari kweyongyera hamwe n'okubaho kw'ekika ky'abakugu abatsya ababaire batari kushushana n'abaami b'ebyanga ab'eira, ababaire begyesiibwe, baine ediini, kandi barikwenda kuhindura abantu ba [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. [1] Okugaitwa kwa Bugirimaani omuri Tanzania obwa hati, kikareetaho okwerarikirira okundi. Omwaka gumwe ahanyima y'okuhinduka omugabe akaragiira ngu Yusufu Rugarama, Mako Kakumba, hamwe na Nuwa/Noah Serwanga, abaabaire bahindukire Aba kurisitaayo, baitwa. Ahabw'okushagikwa enganzi ye, ebiro 29 Okwa ikumi omu mwaka gwa 1885 akatuma omureberezi w'Abakurisitaayo James Hannington kwitwa aha nsharo y'oburugwa-izooba bw'obugabe bwe. Eki nikibaasa kuba kyabaire kigyendereirwe kuhisya obutumwa aha Bangyereza ngu akaba atarikwenda bataahirire [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. Nikigambwa ngu okwitwa kw'omureeberezi James Hannington kukarugiirira aha kitebyo omu bwire obwo ngu abazigu abaabaire nibaza kucwekyereza obugabe bakaba nibaija kuruga omuri burugwa-izooba, ahu omureeberezi yaareetiirwe. N'ahabw'ekyo, Kabaka akaragiira Luba, omukuru w'eihanga rya Busoga omuri burengyerwa-eizooba kwita Biishopu. Kwonka bwanyima Mwanga akatoorana Abakurisitaayo baingi omu myanya y'amahe. == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q1094107}} f4t8pzwxhns5umda9aak4fx0hin3vss 7256474 7256471 2026-07-20T10:53:20Z Rooth N 2608660 7256474 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q1094107}} '''Abajurizi ba Uganda'''<ref>Luwedde, Brenda (3 June 2026). "[https://ntv.co.ug/news/abajulizi-ba-uganda-ebikujjuko-nga-bwebibadde-okwetoloola-eggwanga-2 ABAJULIZI BA UGANDA :Ebikujjuko nga bwebibadde okwetoloola eggwanga - NTV Uganda]".</ref> n'ekigombe ky'abanya katuriki 22 hamwe n'abakurisitaayo 23 abaahindukire aba kurisitaayo omu bugabe bwa [[Wp/nyn/Buganda|Buganda]]. Obwa hati ekicweka kya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|yuganda]] abaisirwe aha gati y'okwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1885 ebiro 31 by'okwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1887 ebiro 27<ref>"Martyrs of Uganda". ''[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/612654/Martyrs-of-Uganda Encyclopædia Britannica Inc]''. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 2014. Retrieved 3 June 2014.</ref><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140719024926/http://www.buganda.com/martyrs.htm The Christian Martyrs of Uganda]". ''The Buganda Home Page''. Archived from [http://www.buganda.com/martyrs.htm the original] on 19 July 2014. Retrieved 15 August 2007.</ref> Bakaitirwa ahansi y'ebiragiro bya Mwanga II Kabaka (Omukama) wa Buganda. Okwitwa kukabaho omu bwire obu habaire hariho entaro z'amadiini ashatu ahabw'amaani g'eby'obutegyeki omu maka g'omugabe wa Buganda. Eki kikabaho aha mushororongo gw'okutahirira, okw'ebaganiisamu, okutwara obutegyeki ahabwa mahanga ga Buraaya hamwe n'okutwara eitaka rya Africa.<ref name=":0">Moorehead, Alan (1963). "Chapter 16, Paradise Reformed". ''The White Nile''. Penguin. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780060956394|9780060956394]]</bdi>.</ref> Bwanyima y'emyaka mikye, ekibiina kya kyaki miishanare sosayate kikakoresa okufa kw'aba bantu kutunga obushagiki bw'abantu baingi ahabw'okugira ngu Abangyereza bakatunga [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] aha bw'obugabe.<ref>David Apter (1961). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=FZJL3zJjipgC The Political Kingdom in Uganda: A Study of Bureaucratic Nationalism]''. Princeton University. p.&#x20;77. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-136-30764-5|978-1-136-30764-5]]</bdi>.</ref>Ekereziya y'abanyakaturiki ekaha omugisha Abajurizi baayo abakaturiki 22 omu mwaka gwa1920 kandi bakahindurwa abarikwera omu mwaka gwa 1964 eki kikakorwa Paapa Paul VI ahari St. Peter's Basilica omuri Rooma.<ref>"[https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/NV_165154 Mapeera relative speaks out on her impression of Uganda]". ''New Vision''. 17 July 2023. Retrieved 3 October 2023.</ref><ref>"[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/how-uganda-s-martyrs-shaped-catholic-hymns-4247574 How Uganda's martyrs shaped Catholic hymns]". ''Monitor''. 27 May 2023. Retrieved 5 October 2023.</ref> Omu 2024, ebisigaire by'abajurizi babiri ab'Abakaturiki, Charles Lwanga na Mathias Mulumba, bikagarurwa omu Uganda.<ref>Kisekka, Christopher (10 September 2024). "[https://ugandaradionetwork.net/story/relics-of-uganda-martyrs-return-as-church-marks-60-years-of-their-sainthood Relics of Uganda Martyrs Return as Church Marks 60 Years of Their Sainthood]". ''Uganda Radionetwork''. Retrieved 6 October 2025.</ref> == '''Oburugiriro''': == Okushohoza ebaruha omuri Bungyereza omu mwaka gwa 1875 eya handiikirwe Kabaka Muteesa 1 arikushaba abo Bangyereza okwija okuburira engiri, kikarugamu okuhika kwa Alexander Mackay ow'ekanisa ya Anglican Church Missionary Society omuri Buganda omu mwaka gwa 1877, Akakuku k'Abakaturiki Abajungu n'Abafaransa akarikwebemberwa Pierre Simon Lourdel (Fr. Mapera) kakareebeka bwanyima y'emyaka ebiri. Abashuubuzi Abaharabu kuruga Zanzibar, bakaba batwire obusiraamu omu bwa kabaka.<ref>Ian Leggett (2001). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=tdz9geaMMtkC Uganda]''. Oxfam. p.&#x20;13. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-85598-454-0|978-0-85598-454-0]]</bdi>.</ref> Eki kikareetaho entaro z'ediini ez'emiringo eshatu ahabw'obushoboorozi bw'eby'obutegyeki omu kooti y'obugabe bwa Buganda.<ref name=":0" /> Ahagati y'emyaka ya 1880, baingi bakaba baahindwirwe buri guruupu, kandi bamwe ah'abaahindukire bakaba baine emyanya y'omugasho omu kooti y'omugabe.<ref>"[http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+ug0016) Long-Distance Trade and Foreign Contact]". ''Uganda''. Library of Congress Country Studies. December 1990. Retrieved 29 September 2014.</ref> Muteesa wenyini akaba aine esaasi n'obusiraamu, kwonka abaami b'amaani abaingi bakaba bahindukire Abakurisitaayo.<ref>Mark R. Lipschutz and R. Kent Rasmussen, ''Dictionary of African Historical Biography'', University of California Press, 1986 ([[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-520-06611-3|978-0-520-06611-3]]</bdi>), p. 164.</ref> Kabaka Mwanga II akasikira entebe y'obukama omu mwaka gwa 1884. Akaba ayerarikiriire amaani g'obukurisitayo agabaire gari kweyongyera hamwe n'okubaho kw'ekika ky'abakugu abatsya ababaire batari kushushana n'abaami b'ebyanga ab'eira, ababaire begyesiibwe, baine ediini, kandi barikwenda kuhindura abantu ba [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. [1] Okugaitwa kwa Bugirimaani omuri Tanzania obwa hati, kikareetaho okwerarikirira okundi. Omwaka gumwe ahanyima y'okuhinduka omugabe akaragiira ngu Yusufu Rugarama, Mako Kakumba, hamwe na Nuwa/Noah Serwanga, abaabaire bahindukire Aba kurisitaayo, baitwa. Ahabw'okushagikwa enganzi ye, ebiro 29 Okwa ikumi omu mwaka gwa 1885 akatuma omureberezi w'Abakurisitaayo James Hannington kwitwa aha nsharo y'oburugwa-izooba bw'obugabe bwe. Eki nikibaasa kuba kyabaire kigyendereirwe kuhisya obutumwa aha Bangyereza ngu akaba atarikwenda bataahirire [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. Nikigambwa ngu okwitwa kw'omureeberezi James Hannington kukarugiirira aha kitebyo omu bwire obwo ngu abazigu abaabaire nibaza kucwekyereza obugabe bakaba nibaija kuruga omuri burugwa-izooba, ahu omureeberezi yaareetiirwe. N'ahabw'ekyo, Kabaka akaragiira Luba, omukuru w'eihanga rya Busoga omuri burengyerwa-eizooba kwita Biishopu. Kwonka bwanyima Mwanga akatoorana Abakurisitaayo baingi omu myanya y'amahe. == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q1094107}} 4e6pzydgewci1pggi9d1g3d9plxjt2q 7256478 7256474 2026-07-20T10:54:38Z Rooth N 2608660 7256478 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q1094107}} '''Abajurizi ba Uganda'''<ref>Luwedde, Brenda (3 June 2026). "[https://ntv.co.ug/news/abajulizi-ba-uganda-ebikujjuko-nga-bwebibadde-okwetoloola-eggwanga-2 ABAJULIZI BA UGANDA :Ebikujjuko nga bwebibadde okwetoloola eggwanga - NTV Uganda]".</ref> n'ekigombe ky'abanya katuriki 22 hamwe n'abakurisitaayo 23 abaahindukire aba kurisitaayo omu bugabe bwa [[Wp/nyn/Buganda|Buganda]]. Obwa hati ekicweka kya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|yuganda]] abaisirwe aha gati y'okwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1885 ebiro 31 by'okwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1887 ebiro 27<ref>"Martyrs of Uganda". ''[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/612654/Martyrs-of-Uganda Encyclopædia Britannica Inc]''. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 2014. Retrieved 3 June 2014.</ref><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140719024926/http://www.buganda.com/martyrs.htm The Christian Martyrs of Uganda]". ''The Buganda Home Page''. Archived from [http://www.buganda.com/martyrs.htm the original] on 19 July 2014. Retrieved 15 August 2007.</ref> Bakaitirwa ahansi y'ebiragiro bya Mwanga II Kabaka (Omukama) wa Buganda. Okwitwa kukabaho omu bwire obu habaire hariho entaro z'amadiini ashatu ahabw'amaani g'eby'obutegyeki omu maka g'omugabe wa Buganda. Eki kikabaho aha mushororongo gw'okutahirira, okw'ebaganiisamu, okutwara obutegyeki ahabwa mahanga ga Buraaya hamwe n'okutwara eitaka rya Africa.<ref name=":0">Moorehead, Alan (1963). "Chapter 16, Paradise Reformed". ''The White Nile''. Penguin. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780060956394|9780060956394]]</bdi>.</ref> Bwanyima y'emyaka mikye, ekibiina kya kyaki miishanare sosayate kikakoresa okufa kw'aba bantu kutunga obushagiki bw'abantu baingi ahabw'okugira ngu Abangyereza bakatunga [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] aha bw'obugabe.<ref>David Apter (1961). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=FZJL3zJjipgC The Political Kingdom in Uganda: A Study of Bureaucratic Nationalism]''. Princeton University. p.&#x20;77. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-136-30764-5|978-1-136-30764-5]]</bdi>.</ref>Ekereziya y'abanyakaturiki ekaha omugisha Abajurizi baayo abakaturiki 22 omu mwaka gwa1920 kandi bakahindurwa abarikwera omu mwaka gwa 1964 eki kikakorwa Paapa Paul VI ahari St. Peter's Basilica omuri Rooma.<ref>"[https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/NV_165154 Mapeera relative speaks out on her impression of Uganda]". ''New Vision''. 17 July 2023. Retrieved 3 October 2023.</ref><ref>"[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/how-uganda-s-martyrs-shaped-catholic-hymns-4247574 How Uganda's martyrs shaped Catholic hymns]". ''Monitor''. 27 May 2023. Retrieved 5 October 2023.</ref> Omu 2024, ebisigaire by'abajurizi babiri ab'Abakaturiki, Charles Lwanga na Mathias Mulumba, bikagarurwa omu Uganda.<ref>Kisekka, Christopher (10 September 2024). "[https://ugandaradionetwork.net/story/relics-of-uganda-martyrs-return-as-church-marks-60-years-of-their-sainthood Relics of Uganda Martyrs Return as Church Marks 60 Years of Their Sainthood]". ''Uganda Radionetwork''. Retrieved 6 October 2025.</ref> == '''Oburugiriro''': == Okushohoza ebaruha omuri Bungyereza omu mwaka gwa 1875 eya handiikirwe Kabaka Muteesa 1 arikushaba abo Bangyereza okwija okuburira engiri, kikarugamu okuhika kwa Alexander Mackay ow'ekanisa ya Anglican Church Missionary Society omuri Buganda omu mwaka gwa 1877, Akakuku k'Abakaturiki Abajungu n'Abafaransa akarikwebemberwa Pierre Simon Lourdel (Fr. Mapera) kakareebeka bwanyima y'emyaka ebiri. Abashuubuzi Abaharabu kuruga Zanzibar, bakaba batwire obusiraamu omu bwa kabaka.<ref>Ian Leggett (2001). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=tdz9geaMMtkC Uganda]''. Oxfam. p.&#x20;13. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-85598-454-0|978-0-85598-454-0]]</bdi>.</ref> Eki kikareetaho entaro z'ediini ez'emiringo eshatu ahabw'obushoboorozi bw'eby'obutegyeki omu kooti y'obugabe bwa Buganda.<ref name=":0" /> Ahagati y'emyaka ya 1880, baingi bakaba baahindwirwe buri guruupu, kandi bamwe ah'abaahindukire bakaba baine emyanya y'omugasho omu kooti y'omugabe.<ref>"[http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+ug0016) Long-Distance Trade and Foreign Contact]". ''Uganda''. Library of Congress Country Studies. December 1990. Retrieved 29 September 2014.</ref> Muteesa wenyini akaba aine esaasi n'obusiraamu, kwonka abaami b'amaani abaingi bakaba bahindukire Abakurisitaayo.<ref>Mark R. Lipschutz and R. Kent Rasmussen, ''Dictionary of African Historical Biography'', University of California Press, 1986 ([[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-520-06611-3|978-0-520-06611-3]]</bdi>), p. 164.</ref> Kabaka Mwanga II akasikira entebe y'obukama omu mwaka gwa 1884. Akaba ayerarikiriire amaani g'obukurisitayo agabaire gari kweyongyera hamwe n'okubaho kw'ekika ky'abakugu abatsya ababaire batari kushushana n'abaami b'ebyanga ab'eira, ababaire begyesiibwe, baine ediini, kandi barikwenda kuhindura abantu ba Buganda.<ref>Lipshutz and Rasmussen (1986), ''Dictionary of African Historical Biography'', 1986, p. 165.</ref> [1] Okugaitwa kwa Bugirimaani omuri Tanzania obwa hati, kikareetaho okwerarikirira okundi. Omwaka gumwe ahanyima y'okuhinduka omugabe akaragiira ngu Yusufu Rugarama, Mako Kakumba, hamwe na Nuwa/Noah Serwanga, abaabaire bahindukire Aba kurisitaayo, baitwa. Ahabw'okushagikwa enganzi ye, ebiro 29 Okwa ikumi omu mwaka gwa 1885 akatuma omureberezi w'Abakurisitaayo James Hannington kwitwa aha nsharo y'oburugwa-izooba bw'obugabe bwe. Eki nikibaasa kuba kyabaire kigyendereirwe kuhisya obutumwa aha Bangyereza ngu akaba atarikwenda bataahirire [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. Nikigambwa ngu okwitwa kw'omureeberezi James Hannington kukarugiirira aha kitebyo omu bwire obwo ngu abazigu abaabaire nibaza kucwekyereza obugabe bakaba nibaija kuruga omuri burugwa-izooba, ahu omureeberezi yaareetiirwe. N'ahabw'ekyo, Kabaka akaragiira Luba, omukuru w'eihanga rya Busoga omuri burengyerwa-eizooba kwita Biishopu. Kwonka bwanyima Mwanga akatoorana Abakurisitaayo baingi omu myanya y'amahe. == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q1094107}} dibj9ydukngtlcqjv9q9arv5qqonkbw 7256483 7256478 2026-07-20T10:56:01Z Rooth N 2608660 7256483 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q1094107}} '''Abajurizi ba Uganda'''<ref>Luwedde, Brenda (3 June 2026). "[https://ntv.co.ug/news/abajulizi-ba-uganda-ebikujjuko-nga-bwebibadde-okwetoloola-eggwanga-2 ABAJULIZI BA UGANDA :Ebikujjuko nga bwebibadde okwetoloola eggwanga - NTV Uganda]".</ref> n'ekigombe ky'abanya katuriki 22 hamwe n'abakurisitaayo 23 abaahindukire aba kurisitaayo omu bugabe bwa [[Wp/nyn/Buganda|Buganda]]. Obwa hati ekicweka kya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|yuganda]] abaisirwe aha gati y'okwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1885 ebiro 31 by'okwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1887 ebiro 27<ref>"Martyrs of Uganda". ''[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/612654/Martyrs-of-Uganda Encyclopædia Britannica Inc]''. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 2014. Retrieved 3 June 2014.</ref><ref name=":1">"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140719024926/http://www.buganda.com/martyrs.htm The Christian Martyrs of Uganda]". ''The Buganda Home Page''. Archived from [http://www.buganda.com/martyrs.htm the original] on 19 July 2014. Retrieved 15 August 2007.</ref> Bakaitirwa ahansi y'ebiragiro bya Mwanga II Kabaka (Omukama) wa Buganda. Okwitwa kukabaho omu bwire obu habaire hariho entaro z'amadiini ashatu ahabw'amaani g'eby'obutegyeki omu maka g'omugabe wa Buganda. Eki kikabaho aha mushororongo gw'okutahirira, okw'ebaganiisamu, okutwara obutegyeki ahabwa mahanga ga Buraaya hamwe n'okutwara eitaka rya Africa.<ref name=":0">Moorehead, Alan (1963). "Chapter 16, Paradise Reformed". ''The White Nile''. Penguin. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780060956394|9780060956394]]</bdi>.</ref> Bwanyima y'emyaka mikye, ekibiina kya kyaki miishanare sosayate kikakoresa okufa kw'aba bantu kutunga obushagiki bw'abantu baingi ahabw'okugira ngu Abangyereza bakatunga [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] aha bw'obugabe.<ref>David Apter (1961). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=FZJL3zJjipgC The Political Kingdom in Uganda: A Study of Bureaucratic Nationalism]''. Princeton University. p.&#x20;77. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-136-30764-5|978-1-136-30764-5]]</bdi>.</ref>Ekereziya y'abanyakaturiki ekaha omugisha Abajurizi baayo abakaturiki 22 omu mwaka gwa1920 kandi bakahindurwa abarikwera omu mwaka gwa 1964 eki kikakorwa Paapa Paul VI ahari St. Peter's Basilica omuri Rooma.<ref>"[https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/NV_165154 Mapeera relative speaks out on her impression of Uganda]". ''New Vision''. 17 July 2023. Retrieved 3 October 2023.</ref><ref>"[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/how-uganda-s-martyrs-shaped-catholic-hymns-4247574 How Uganda's martyrs shaped Catholic hymns]". ''Monitor''. 27 May 2023. Retrieved 5 October 2023.</ref> Omu 2024, ebisigaire by'abajurizi babiri ab'Abakaturiki, Charles Lwanga na Mathias Mulumba, bikagarurwa omu Uganda.<ref>Kisekka, Christopher (10 September 2024). "[https://ugandaradionetwork.net/story/relics-of-uganda-martyrs-return-as-church-marks-60-years-of-their-sainthood Relics of Uganda Martyrs Return as Church Marks 60 Years of Their Sainthood]". ''Uganda Radionetwork''. Retrieved 6 October 2025.</ref> == '''Oburugiriro''': == Okushohoza ebaruha omuri Bungyereza omu mwaka gwa 1875 eya handiikirwe Kabaka Muteesa 1 arikushaba abo Bangyereza okwija okuburira engiri, kikarugamu okuhika kwa Alexander Mackay ow'ekanisa ya Anglican Church Missionary Society omuri Buganda omu mwaka gwa 1877, Akakuku k'Abakaturiki Abajungu n'Abafaransa akarikwebemberwa Pierre Simon Lourdel (Fr. Mapera) kakareebeka bwanyima y'emyaka ebiri. Abashuubuzi Abaharabu kuruga Zanzibar, bakaba batwire obusiraamu omu bwa kabaka.<ref>Ian Leggett (2001). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=tdz9geaMMtkC Uganda]''. Oxfam. p.&#x20;13. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-85598-454-0|978-0-85598-454-0]]</bdi>.</ref> Eki kikareetaho entaro z'ediini ez'emiringo eshatu ahabw'obushoboorozi bw'eby'obutegyeki omu kooti y'obugabe bwa Buganda.<ref name=":0" /> Ahagati y'emyaka ya 1880, baingi bakaba baahindwirwe buri guruupu, kandi bamwe ah'abaahindukire bakaba baine emyanya y'omugasho omu kooti y'omugabe.<ref>"[http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+ug0016) Long-Distance Trade and Foreign Contact]". ''Uganda''. Library of Congress Country Studies. December 1990. Retrieved 29 September 2014.</ref> Muteesa wenyini akaba aine esaasi n'obusiraamu, kwonka abaami b'amaani abaingi bakaba bahindukire Abakurisitaayo.<ref>Mark R. Lipschutz and R. Kent Rasmussen, ''Dictionary of African Historical Biography'', University of California Press, 1986 ([[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-520-06611-3|978-0-520-06611-3]]</bdi>), p. 164.</ref> Kabaka Mwanga II akasikira entebe y'obukama omu mwaka gwa 1884. Akaba ayerarikiriire amaani g'obukurisitayo agabaire gari kweyongyera hamwe n'okubaho kw'ekika ky'abakugu abatsya ababaire batari kushushana n'abaami b'ebyanga ab'eira, ababaire begyesiibwe, baine ediini, kandi barikwenda kuhindura abantu ba Buganda.<ref>Lipshutz and Rasmussen (1986), ''Dictionary of African Historical Biography'', 1986, p. 165.</ref> Okugaitwa kwa Bugirimaani omuri Tanzania obwa hati, kikareetaho okwerarikirira okundi. Omwaka gumwe ahanyima y'okuhinduka omugabe akaragiira ngu Yusufu Rugarama, Mako Kakumba, hamwe na Nuwa/Noah Serwanga, abaabaire bahindukire Aba kurisitaayo<ref name=":1" />, baitwa. Ahabw'okushagikwa enganzi ye, ebiro 29 Okwa ikumi omu mwaka gwa 1885 akatuma omureberezi w'Abakurisitaayo James Hannington kwitwa aha nsharo y'oburugwa-izooba bw'obugabe bwe. Eki nikibaasa kuba kyabaire kigyendereirwe kuhisya obutumwa aha Bangyereza ngu akaba atarikwenda bataahirire [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. Nikigambwa ngu okwitwa kw'omureeberezi James Hannington kukarugiirira aha kitebyo omu bwire obwo ngu abazigu abaabaire nibaza kucwekyereza obugabe bakaba nibaija kuruga omuri burugwa-izooba, ahu omureeberezi yaareetiirwe. N'ahabw'ekyo, Kabaka akaragiira Luba, omukuru w'eihanga rya Busoga omuri burengyerwa-eizooba kwita Biishopu. Kwonka bwanyima Mwanga akatoorana Abakurisitaayo baingi omu myanya y'amahe. == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q1094107}} 9stmh2pa56gugzp22p9zt8ajutcuiw6 7256490 7256483 2026-07-20T10:58:31Z Rooth N 2608660 7256490 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q1094107}} '''Abajurizi ba Uganda'''<ref>Luwedde, Brenda (3 June 2026). "[https://ntv.co.ug/news/abajulizi-ba-uganda-ebikujjuko-nga-bwebibadde-okwetoloola-eggwanga-2 ABAJULIZI BA UGANDA :Ebikujjuko nga bwebibadde okwetoloola eggwanga - NTV Uganda]".</ref> n'ekigombe ky'abanya katuriki 22 hamwe n'abakurisitaayo 23 abaahindukire aba kurisitaayo omu bugabe bwa [[Wp/nyn/Buganda|Buganda]]. Obwa hati ekicweka kya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|yuganda]] abaisirwe aha gati y'okwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1885 ebiro 31 by'okwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1887 ebiro 27<ref>"Martyrs of Uganda". ''[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/612654/Martyrs-of-Uganda Encyclopædia Britannica Inc]''. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 2014. Retrieved 3 June 2014.</ref><ref name=":1">"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140719024926/http://www.buganda.com/martyrs.htm The Christian Martyrs of Uganda]". ''The Buganda Home Page''. Archived from [http://www.buganda.com/martyrs.htm the original] on 19 July 2014. Retrieved 15 August 2007.</ref> Bakaitirwa ahansi y'ebiragiro bya Mwanga II Kabaka (Omukama) wa Buganda. Okwitwa kukabaho omu bwire obu habaire hariho entaro z'amadiini ashatu ahabw'amaani g'eby'obutegyeki omu maka g'omugabe wa Buganda. Eki kikabaho aha mushororongo gw'okutahirira, okw'ebaganiisamu, okutwara obutegyeki ahabwa mahanga ga Buraaya hamwe n'okutwara eitaka rya Africa.<ref name=":0">Moorehead, Alan (1963). "Chapter 16, Paradise Reformed". ''The White Nile''. Penguin. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780060956394|9780060956394]]</bdi>.</ref> Bwanyima y'emyaka mikye, ekibiina kya kyaki miishanare sosayate kikakoresa okufa kw'aba bantu kutunga obushagiki bw'abantu baingi ahabw'okugira ngu Abangyereza bakatunga [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] aha bw'obugabe.<ref>David Apter (1961). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=FZJL3zJjipgC The Political Kingdom in Uganda: A Study of Bureaucratic Nationalism]''. Princeton University. p.&#x20;77. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-136-30764-5|978-1-136-30764-5]]</bdi>.</ref>Ekereziya y'abanyakaturiki ekaha omugisha Abajurizi baayo abakaturiki 22 omu mwaka gwa1920 kandi bakahindurwa abarikwera omu mwaka gwa 1964 eki kikakorwa Paapa Paul VI ahari St. Peter's Basilica omuri Rooma.<ref>"[https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/NV_165154 Mapeera relative speaks out on her impression of Uganda]". ''New Vision''. 17 July 2023. Retrieved 3 October 2023.</ref><ref>"[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/how-uganda-s-martyrs-shaped-catholic-hymns-4247574 How Uganda's martyrs shaped Catholic hymns]". ''Monitor''. 27 May 2023. Retrieved 5 October 2023.</ref> Omu 2024, ebisigaire by'abajurizi babiri ab'Abakaturiki, Charles Lwanga na Mathias Mulumba, bikagarurwa omu Uganda.<ref>Kisekka, Christopher (10 September 2024). "[https://ugandaradionetwork.net/story/relics-of-uganda-martyrs-return-as-church-marks-60-years-of-their-sainthood Relics of Uganda Martyrs Return as Church Marks 60 Years of Their Sainthood]". ''Uganda Radionetwork''. Retrieved 6 October 2025.</ref> == '''Oburugiriro''': == Okushohoza ebaruha omuri Bungyereza omu mwaka gwa 1875 eya handiikirwe Kabaka Muteesa 1 arikushaba abo Bangyereza okwija okuburira engiri, kikarugamu okuhika kwa Alexander Mackay ow'ekanisa ya Anglican Church Missionary Society omuri Buganda omu mwaka gwa 1877, Akakuku k'Abakaturiki Abajungu n'Abafaransa akarikwebemberwa Pierre Simon Lourdel (Fr. Mapera) kakareebeka bwanyima y'emyaka ebiri. Abashuubuzi Abaharabu kuruga Zanzibar, bakaba batwire obusiraamu omu bwa kabaka.<ref>Ian Leggett (2001). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=tdz9geaMMtkC Uganda]''. Oxfam. p.&#x20;13. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-85598-454-0|978-0-85598-454-0]]</bdi>.</ref> Eki kikareetaho entaro z'ediini ez'emiringo eshatu ahabw'obushoboorozi bw'eby'obutegyeki omu kooti y'obugabe bwa Buganda.<ref name=":0" /> Ahagati y'emyaka ya 1880, baingi bakaba baahindwirwe buri guruupu, kandi bamwe ah'abaahindukire bakaba baine emyanya y'omugasho omu kooti y'omugabe.<ref>"[http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+ug0016) Long-Distance Trade and Foreign Contact]". ''Uganda''. Library of Congress Country Studies. December 1990. Retrieved 29 September 2014.</ref> Muteesa wenyini akaba aine esaasi n'obusiraamu, kwonka abaami b'amaani abaingi bakaba bahindukire Abakurisitaayo.<ref>Mark R. Lipschutz and R. Kent Rasmussen, ''Dictionary of African Historical Biography'', University of California Press, 1986 ([[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-520-06611-3|978-0-520-06611-3]]</bdi>), p. 164.</ref> Kabaka Mwanga II akasikira entebe y'obukama omu mwaka gwa 1884. Akaba ayerarikiriire amaani g'obukurisitayo agabaire gari kweyongyera hamwe n'okubaho kw'ekika ky'abakugu abatsya ababaire batari kushushana n'abaami b'ebyanga ab'eira, ababaire begyesiibwe, baine ediini, kandi barikwenda kuhindura abantu ba Buganda.<ref>Lipshutz and Rasmussen (1986), ''Dictionary of African Historical Biography'', 1986, p. 165.</ref> Okugaitwa kwa Bugirimaani omuri Tanzania obwa hati, kikareetaho okwerarikirira okundi. Omwaka gumwe ahanyima y'okuhinduka omugabe akaragiira ngu Yusufu Rugarama, Mako Kakumba, hamwe na Nuwa/Noah Serwanga, abaabaire bahindukire Aba kurisitaayo<ref name=":1" />, baitwa. Ahabw'okushagikwa enganzi ye, ebiro 29 Okwa ikumi omu mwaka gwa 1885 akatuma omureberezi w'Abakurisitaayo James Hannington kwitwa aha nsharo y'oburugwa-izooba bw'obugabe bwe. Eki nikibaasa kuba kyabaire kigyendereirwe kuhisya obutumwa aha Bangyereza ngu akaba atarikwenda bataahirire [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. Nikigambwa ngu okwitwa kw'omureeberezi James Hannington kukarugiirira aha kitebyo omu bwire obwo ngu abazigu abaabaire nibaza kucwekyereza obugabe bakaba nibaija kuruga omuri burugwa-izooba, ahu omureeberezi yaareetiirwe. N'ahabw'ekyo, Kabaka akaragiira Luba, omukuru w'eihanga rya Busoga omuri burengyerwa-eizooba kwita Biishopu.<ref>Kevin Ward, "[http://www.dacb.org/history/a%20history%20of%20christianity%20in%20uganda.html A History of Christianity in Uganda]" {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161123083842/http://www.dacb.org/history/a%20history%20of%20christianity%20in%20uganda.html|date=23 November 2016}} in ''Dictionary of African Christian Biography''.</ref> Kwonka bwanyima Mwanga akatoorana Abakurisitaayo baingi omu myanya y'amahe. == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q1094107}} dzli4zq1lr3tkirwshyzxr6m6q211i2 7256492 7256490 2026-07-20T10:58:59Z Rooth N 2608660 7256492 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q1094107}} '''Abajurizi ba Uganda'''<ref>Luwedde, Brenda (3 June 2026). "[https://ntv.co.ug/news/abajulizi-ba-uganda-ebikujjuko-nga-bwebibadde-okwetoloola-eggwanga-2 ABAJULIZI BA UGANDA :Ebikujjuko nga bwebibadde okwetoloola eggwanga - NTV Uganda]".</ref> n'ekigombe ky'abanya katuriki 22 hamwe n'abakurisitaayo 23 abaahindukire aba kurisitaayo omu bugabe bwa [[Wp/nyn/Buganda|Buganda]]. Obwa hati ekicweka kya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|yuganda]] abaisirwe aha gati y'okwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1885 ebiro 31 by'okwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1887 ebiro 27<ref>"Martyrs of Uganda". ''[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/612654/Martyrs-of-Uganda Encyclopædia Britannica Inc]''. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 2014. Retrieved 3 June 2014.</ref><ref name=":1">"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140719024926/http://www.buganda.com/martyrs.htm The Christian Martyrs of Uganda]". ''The Buganda Home Page''. Archived from [http://www.buganda.com/martyrs.htm the original] on 19 July 2014. Retrieved 15 August 2007.</ref> Bakaitirwa ahansi y'ebiragiro bya Mwanga II Kabaka (Omukama) wa Buganda. Okwitwa kukabaho omu bwire obu habaire hariho entaro z'amadiini ashatu ahabw'amaani g'eby'obutegyeki omu maka g'omugabe wa Buganda. Eki kikabaho aha mushororongo gw'okutahirira, okw'ebaganiisamu, okutwara obutegyeki ahabwa mahanga ga Buraaya hamwe n'okutwara eitaka rya Africa.<ref name=":0">Moorehead, Alan (1963). "Chapter 16, Paradise Reformed". ''The White Nile''. Penguin. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780060956394|9780060956394]]</bdi>.</ref> Bwanyima y'emyaka mikye, ekibiina kya kyaki miishanare sosayate kikakoresa okufa kw'aba bantu kutunga obushagiki bw'abantu baingi ahabw'okugira ngu Abangyereza bakatunga [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] aha bw'obugabe.<ref>David Apter (1961). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=FZJL3zJjipgC The Political Kingdom in Uganda: A Study of Bureaucratic Nationalism]''. Princeton University. p.&#x20;77. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-136-30764-5|978-1-136-30764-5]]</bdi>.</ref>Ekereziya y'abanyakaturiki ekaha omugisha Abajurizi baayo abakaturiki 22 omu mwaka gwa1920 kandi bakahindurwa abarikwera omu mwaka gwa 1964 eki kikakorwa Paapa Paul VI ahari St. Peter's Basilica omuri Rooma.<ref>"[https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/NV_165154 Mapeera relative speaks out on her impression of Uganda]". ''New Vision''. 17 July 2023. Retrieved 3 October 2023.</ref><ref>"[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/how-uganda-s-martyrs-shaped-catholic-hymns-4247574 How Uganda's martyrs shaped Catholic hymns]". ''Monitor''. 27 May 2023. Retrieved 5 October 2023.</ref> Omu 2024, ebisigaire by'abajurizi babiri ab'Abakaturiki, Charles Lwanga na Mathias Mulumba, bikagarurwa omu Uganda.<ref>Kisekka, Christopher (10 September 2024). "[https://ugandaradionetwork.net/story/relics-of-uganda-martyrs-return-as-church-marks-60-years-of-their-sainthood Relics of Uganda Martyrs Return as Church Marks 60 Years of Their Sainthood]". ''Uganda Radionetwork''. Retrieved 6 October 2025.</ref> == '''Oburugiriro''': == Okushohoza ebaruha omuri Bungyereza omu mwaka gwa 1875 eya handiikirwe Kabaka Muteesa 1 arikushaba abo Bangyereza okwija okuburira engiri, kikarugamu okuhika kwa Alexander Mackay ow'ekanisa ya Anglican Church Missionary Society omuri Buganda omu mwaka gwa 1877, Akakuku k'Abakaturiki Abajungu n'Abafaransa akarikwebemberwa Pierre Simon Lourdel (Fr. Mapera) kakareebeka bwanyima y'emyaka ebiri. Abashuubuzi Abaharabu kuruga Zanzibar, bakaba batwire obusiraamu omu bwa kabaka.<ref>Ian Leggett (2001). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=tdz9geaMMtkC Uganda]''. Oxfam. p.&#x20;13. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-85598-454-0|978-0-85598-454-0]]</bdi>.</ref> Eki kikareetaho entaro z'ediini ez'emiringo eshatu ahabw'obushoboorozi bw'eby'obutegyeki omu kooti y'obugabe bwa Buganda.<ref name=":0" /> Ahagati y'emyaka ya 1880, baingi bakaba baahindwirwe buri guruupu, kandi bamwe ah'abaahindukire bakaba baine emyanya y'omugasho omu kooti y'omugabe.<ref>"[http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+ug0016) Long-Distance Trade and Foreign Contact]". ''Uganda''. Library of Congress Country Studies. December 1990. Retrieved 29 September 2014.</ref> Muteesa wenyini akaba aine esaasi n'obusiraamu, kwonka abaami b'amaani abaingi bakaba bahindukire Abakurisitaayo.<ref>Mark R. Lipschutz and R. Kent Rasmussen, ''Dictionary of African Historical Biography'', University of California Press, 1986 ([[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-520-06611-3|978-0-520-06611-3]]</bdi>), p. 164.</ref> Kabaka Mwanga II akasikira entebe y'obukama omu mwaka gwa 1884. Akaba ayerarikiriire amaani g'obukurisitayo agabaire gari kweyongyera hamwe n'okubaho kw'ekika ky'abakugu abatsya ababaire batari kushushana n'abaami b'ebyanga ab'eira, ababaire begyesiibwe, baine ediini, kandi barikwenda kuhindura abantu ba Buganda.<ref name=":2">Lipshutz and Rasmussen (1986), ''Dictionary of African Historical Biography'', 1986, p. 165.</ref> Okugaitwa kwa Bugirimaani omuri Tanzania obwa hati, kikareetaho okwerarikirira okundi. Omwaka gumwe ahanyima y'okuhinduka omugabe akaragiira ngu Yusufu Rugarama, Mako Kakumba, hamwe na Nuwa/Noah Serwanga, abaabaire bahindukire Aba kurisitaayo<ref name=":1" />, baitwa. Ahabw'okushagikwa enganzi ye, ebiro 29 Okwa ikumi omu mwaka gwa 1885 akatuma omureberezi w'Abakurisitaayo James Hannington kwitwa aha nsharo y'oburugwa-izooba bw'obugabe bwe. Eki nikibaasa kuba kyabaire kigyendereirwe kuhisya obutumwa aha Bangyereza ngu akaba atarikwenda bataahirire [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. Nikigambwa ngu okwitwa kw'omureeberezi James Hannington kukarugiirira aha kitebyo omu bwire obwo ngu abazigu abaabaire nibaza kucwekyereza obugabe bakaba nibaija kuruga omuri burugwa-izooba, ahu omureeberezi yaareetiirwe. N'ahabw'ekyo, Kabaka akaragiira Luba, omukuru w'eihanga rya Busoga omuri burengyerwa-eizooba kwita Biishopu.<ref>Kevin Ward, "[http://www.dacb.org/history/a%20history%20of%20christianity%20in%20uganda.html A History of Christianity in Uganda]" {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161123083842/http://www.dacb.org/history/a%20history%20of%20christianity%20in%20uganda.html|date=23 November 2016}} in ''Dictionary of African Christian Biography''.</ref> Kwonka bwanyima Mwanga akatoorana Abakurisitaayo baingi omu myanya y'amahe.<ref name=":2" /> == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q1094107}} g46dgssoml26l9tt7ko98bnhfnkddhl 0 3622902 7255735 6758823 2026-07-19T15:57:12Z Galdiz 2568250 7255735 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Heitor Canalli''' (nji yanyi 3 hya makur fà 1910 – 21 mudofhou 1990)<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20100618175333/http://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/statisticsandrecords/players/player=47251/index.html</ref><ref>http://www.cbf.com.br/php/craques_copas.php?j=46. https://web.archive.org/web/20131218133253/http://www.cbf.com.br/php/craques_copas.php?j=46. 2013-12-18 at the https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayback_Machine.</ref> naga Brazilian football player who played for five clubs between 1927 and 1941. Naja played for the Brazil national team.<ref>https://www.worldfootball.net/player_summary/canalli/. ''worldfootball.net''. Retrieved 24 June 2021.</ref> == Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca == [[Category:Wp/mrt]] 7m2pbuk9c7tnoc4gkq8dmj5e9v857o8 0 3627654 7255723 6767986 2026-07-19T15:08:40Z Anthony Dery 2587057 7255723 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/wlx/Databox|item=Q4838117}} '''Babute''' ɩ la African jeɛre, aŋ taa ɩɩbo neŋ meatloaf, aŋ yi a ''Babute'' region kʋ a Congo aŋ taa ground beef, curry powder anɩ apricots. == Meŋ kaa chɛ == * African zeɛre mine == Ziiri mine liŋkiri == * [http://www.astray.com/recipes/?show=Babute Astray Recipes: Babute] == Yeŋe leŋkere == '''•''' Astray Recipes: Babute {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible" ! colspan="2" | * <abbr>v</abbr> * <abbr>t</abbr> * <abbr>e</abbr> African cuisine |- !National cuisines | * Algeria * Angola * Benin * Botswana * Burkina Faso * Burundi * Cameroon * Cape Verde * Central African Republic * Chad * Comoros * Democratic Republic of the Congo * Djibouti * Egypt * Equatorial Guinea * Eritrea * Eswatini (Swaziland) * Ethiopia * Gabon * Gambia * Ghana * Guinea * Guinea-Bissau * Ivory Coast * Kenya * Lesotho * Liberia * Libya * Madagascar * Malawi * Mali * Mauritania * Mauritius * Morocco * Mozambique * Namibia * Niger * Nigeria * Republic of the Congo * Rwanda * São Tomé and Príncipe * Senegal * Seychelles * Sierra Leone * Somalia * South Africa * South Sudan * Sudan * Tanzania * Togo * Tunisia * Uganda * Western Sahara * Zambia * Zimbabwe |- !Ethnic and regional cuisines | * Arab * Berber * Canary Islands * Jewish ** Ethiopian ** Mizrahi ** Sephardi * Maghrebi * Mediterranean * Réunion * Saint Helena * West African * Zanzibar |- !Lists | * List of African cuisines * List of African dishes |- | colspan="2" | * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Symbol_category_class.svg%7Clink=%7Calt=%7Cclass=noviewer%7C16x16px%7CCategory]] Category |} [[Category:Wp/wlx]] {{INTERWIKI|Q4838117}} hshnh3kwyk7kuqopsa0qvxzdtofy8s0 0 3630816 7256401 6832059 2026-07-20T09:58:44Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256401 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Fatema Mernissi - segnalibro SheSaid.png|thumb|right]] '''Fatema Mernissi''' (Larabci: فاطمة مرنيسي, Rumanci: Fāṭima Marnīsī; An haife ta 27 Satumba 1940 – Ta rasu 30 Nuwamban shekarar 2015) mai fafutukar hakkin mata ce 'yar kasar Morocco, marubuciya kuma ƴar gurguzanci. == Zantuka == * Farin ciki, ya kasance lokacin da akwai daidaito a tsakanin abunda ka bada da abunda ka dauka **[https://www.goodreads.com/author/quotes/2792382.Fatema_Mernissi#:~:text=Happiness%20was%20when%20there%20was,gave%20and%20what%20you%20took.&text=Pessimism%20is%20the%20luxury%20of%20the%20powerful.&text=Being%20frozen%20into%20the%20passive,women%20into%20a%20harem%20slave.&text=Beauty%20is%20in%20the%20skin!] [[Category:Wq/ha]] swh5jf9ob77gvwmc89kuzxlay3e616g 0 3635468 7256451 6832055 2026-07-20T10:45:18Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256451 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fatima Seedat''' ƴar Afirka ta Kudu ce mai ra'ayin mata, malamar addinin musulunci kuma mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin mata. Ta shahara da aikinta na ilimi a kan jinsi da shari'ar Musulunci, da Musulunci da kuma mata. == Zantuka == * Kamar yadda abubuwan da suka faru na yanzu da na baya suka nuna mana, wannan batu ne mai matuƙar dacewa. Kar mu manta da tallar fafutukar kare hakkin bil adama na kasa da kasa na kasar Jamus, wanda ke nuna wata mata sanye da shudin shudin burka da ke kusa da jakunkunan shara shudiyya. Wannan hoton da rawar da yake takawa wajen bayar da yancin mata yana magana ne daga Maya Dusenbery a cikin Feministing, wani dandamali na kan layi wanda ke gudana da kuma matasa mata masu sadaukar da kai don kallon duniya ta hanyar ruwan tabarau na mata. * Hoton ba zai iya ƙara bayyana ba; matan da suke sanye da mayafi, hijabi ko burqa, suna buqatar kyawawan xabi’u, ilimi da kariya daga Yammacin duniya. Dusenbery dai ya kwatanta wannan kamfen da saƙon da ke bayansa a matsayin ‘yan iska na uba.’ Irin wannan yaƙin neman zaɓe ya yi akasin taimakon mata, sai dai kawai su dora musu wani cikas da za su shawo kansu, wanda Turawan Yamma suka ƙi saurara, cikin girmamawa. * Maimakon mata masu launi ba a san su ba a cikin motsi ko kadan, yanzu an yi musu 'sauran' ta yadda za a jefa mata farar fata na Yammacin Turai a matsayin mai ceto mai ilimi, kuma mata masu launi sun shiga cikin matsayin wadanda ba su da ilimi a cikin matsananciyar bukatar mace kamar yadda farar mace ke gani. == Hanyoyin hadin waje == [[Category:Wq/ha]] 060wqui8eejplkg3mtdnies2adwy1yk 0 3635722 7256461 6798680 2026-07-20T10:48:59Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256461 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Fatou Sow.jpg|thumb|Fatou sow(sociologist)]] '''Fatou Sow''' (an haife ta a shekara ta 1941) ƙwararriyar ilimin zamantakewar mata ce ƴar Senegal ƙwararriyar ilimin zamantakewar jinsi. == Zantuka == * Na ji bukatar yin amfani da kwarewata, hanyar sadarwa da samun damar da na samu a Amurka, amma dole ne a yi ta daga wurina. Na san cewa ina da ikon, a matsayina na ƴar Afirka, don ci gaba da gudanar da kamfanin sarrafa kiɗan da zai kula da masu fasaha na duniya. *** [https://trueafrica.co/article/the-repats-from-paris-to-bamako-musical-impresario-fatou-sow/ The ‘repats’: from Paris to Bamako, music manager Fatou Sow],By Claude Grunitzky *ya fahimci yadda kaɗan daga cikinmu suka sami damar haɓakawa a cikin manyan masana'antar *** [https://trueafrica.co/article/the-repats-from-paris-to-bamako-musical-impresario-fatou-sow/ The ‘repats’: from Paris to Bamako, music manager Fatou Sow],By Claude Grunitzky *Na kasance cikin ƙarni na farko na masu binciken mata na Afirka waɗanda, bayan samun 'yancin kai, sun ba da murya ba kawai ga batutuwan Afirka ba, har ma da mata. Ganawar da na yi a shekarun 1980, da kuma a cikin shekaru goma na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na Mata tare da Nazarin Mata da sukar mata a jami'o'in Arewacin Amirka da kuma kungiyoyin mata daga Kudu sun wadatar da kaina akan batutuwa daban-daban tun daga matsalolin muhalli zuwa jagorancin mata, daga haifuwa da 'yancin jima'i zuwa tasirin addini da al'adu ga 'yan kasa na mata. *** [https://www.africanfeministforum.com/fatou-sow/ Fatou Sow] == Hanyoyin hadin waje == [[Category:Wq/ha]] d6dqka3iz6u1v6ef70lw78xepi2ywi4 0 3641436 7256398 6813875 2026-07-20T09:57:41Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256398 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Farzana Wahidy''' (an haife shi a shekara ta 1984) ɗan jarida ne mai ɗaukar hoto kuma ɗan jarida mai ɗaukar hoto. Ta yi hotunan mata da 'yan mata a Afghanistan. Ita ce mace ta farko mai daukar hoto a Afganistan da ta yi aiki tare da hukumomin watsa labarai na ƙasa da ƙasa kamar AP da Agence France-Presse (AFP). == Zantuka == * "Kowace rana, yayin da na fara koyon ɗaukar hoto, na ƙara sha'awar shi. Akwai matukar bukatar mata masu ɗaukar hoto a Afghanistan." * "Yadda Wata Mai Hoton Mata Ta Gani Afganistan". NPR.org. An dawo da 12 Afrilu 2025. * "Ina ƙoƙarin nuna babban hoton, ba wai kawai nuna muna da matsaloli ba," in ji ta. "Kuma muna da matsaloli da yawa, amma ina so in nuna rayuwar yau da kullun." * "Yadda Wata Mai Hoton Mata Ta Gani Afganistan". NPR.org. An dawo da 12 Afrilu 2025. * "Yawancin masu daukar hoto na Afganistan ba su da alaƙa da kyau," in ji ta. "Muna fatan zai samar da kyakkyawar alaka da kuma nuna Afghanistan daga masu daukar hoto na Afghanistan." * "Yadda Wata Mai Hoton Mata Ta Gani Afganistan". NPR.org. An dawo da 12 Afrilu 2025 * Magana Game da Ita * "Ta shafe rayuwarta a karkashin Taliban; ta san abin da hakan ke nufi ga matan Afganistan, kuma ta fahimci cewa za ta iya ba da labarinsu a cikin hotuna." * Farzana Wahidy." Mujallar Smithsonian. Sake buga 12 Afrilu 2025. * "An hana mata ci gaba da karatunsu a lokacin mulkin Taliban. Amma wasu kamar Farzana sun sami hanyoyin da za su ci gaba da karatu. Ta dauki littafai a karkashin burkarta kuma ta halarci makarantar da ta kira "makarantar karkashin kasa" tare da wasu dalibai kimanin 300 a wani yanki na Kabul." * "Yadda Wata Mai Hoton Mata Ta Gani Afganistan". NPR.org. An dawo da 12 Afrilu 2025. == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == [[Category:Wq/ha]] logybci5suoziqncn4q1rf7x2mw6yen 0 3641666 7256343 6832685 2026-07-20T09:36:28Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256343 wikitext text/x-wiki labarai, don sanin yadda ake gyara wannan labarin don dacewa da inganci mafi girman ingancin labarin. Faith47 / Faith XLVII (an haife shi Cape Town, 1979) ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Afirka ta Kudu. Nunin kayan tarihi na farko nata CLAIR OBSUR ya faru a Musee Des Beaux Arts de Nancy shekarar (2023). Ta kuma gudanar da nune-nunen solo a kasar Paris shekarar (2023), Cape Town shekarar (2021), Miami shekarar (2018), New York City shekarar (2015), London shekarar (2014) da Johannesburg shekarar (2012). == Zantuka == * "Binciken haske da inuwa, na yanayi, dabi'unmu, hankali da tunani, haɗi da rashin fahimta, duniyar waje da duniyar ciki, matakan wata daga cikawa zuwa rashi, ƙirƙira da karɓa, sauti da shiru. Dangantakar da su biyu." Danysz Gallery: bangaskiya XLVII., An dawo da ni ba na yin addu'a a shekarar 2022 ga watan Maris. da alloli. Ina neman raina a cikin launuka kuma na wofintar da rayuwata ta hanyar misalan tsatsa, ƙofofin ƙarfe da suka ɓace." "A cikin gine-ginen wofi waɗanda ke jin kamar abubuwan ruhaniya, bincika ɗakunan tsattsauran ra'ayi na gine-ginen da ba a kula da su ba ... gano wani abu mai kyau a cikin abin da al'umma ta yi watsi da su, da kuma kawo rayuwa ga abin da yawanci mutane ke jefar ko watsi da su." Edward, Katie B. (26 ga watan Fabrairu, shekarar 2015).Sake Tunani Karatun Littafi Mai Tsarki.Bloomsbury Publishing.<nowiki>ISBN 9780567657510</nowiki> "Ma'aikatan hakar ma'adinai suna jiran adalci. Ma'aikata suna jiran albashin rayuwa, mutane suna jiran isar da sabis, 'yan gudun hijirar suna jiran taimako. Maza suna jiran ayyuka. Dukanmu muna jiran ɗan siyasa mai gaskiya. Don haka mutane da yawa suna jiran wasu su fara yin abubuwa don ɗaukar laifi. Don yin abubuwan da za a yi musu. Don haka ana jiran faɗuwar ƙasa. Don haka ana jiran faɗuwar ƙasar. lokaci mai yawa ya ɓace." "Dogon jira - ta bangaskiya47".Wooster Collective. An dawo da 22 Maris." Mun kasance mai nisa sosai daga yanayi, don haka waɗannan zane-zanen wani yunƙuri ne na sake haɗa mu da duniyar halitta." "Akwai abin ban mamaki a cikin sake fasalin yanayi akan siminti, don haka jerin abubuwan tunatarwa ne mai ban sha'awa game da abin da muka rasa amma kuma ƙoƙari ne na sake haɗawa da wannan zuwa yanzu," "Imani47 A NYC".Visi. An dawo da 22 Maris 2025. "Mun manta da cewa rarrabuwar layin da ke ƙayyade ƙasashe kawai mutane ne kawai masu fama da yunwa na siyasa suka zana. A gaskiya, duniya a bude take. Babu kasashe, babu iyakoki, ba na kowa ba ne. Mu baƙi ne na wucin gadi kuma ya kamata mu yi tafiya yadda muke so," "Tituna: Faith47 (New York)".An kama Motion. An dawo da 22 Maris 2025. == Zantuka Game da Ita == * "Ta hanyar ayyukanta, BANGASKIYA XLVII yana jagorantar bincike na ruhaniya kuma yana ba wa baƙi damar bin ta a kan hanya mai jujjuya zuwa kwanciyar hankali. Haske da inuwa suna haɗuwa a cikin fasaharta kuma chiaroscuro da mai zane ya bincika yana da ban tsoro. Mai zurfin tunani, yana gayyatar mu mu dakata. Aiki yana da wahayi sosai daga addinin Buddah, yana da alaƙa da yanayi, amma kuma fatalwar damuwa bayan tashin hankali saboda asalinta na Afirka ta Kudu, ta hanyar abubuwan da ta kirkira, binciken ra'ayin sani ya sa mu shiga cikin mafi muni da kuma mafi kyawun kwarewar ɗan adam. ” bayyana kanta a cikin al'adu, cewa za mu iya sake farfado da duniya, in ji mai zane." Danysz Gallery : Faith XLVII., An dawo da shi 22 Maris 2025."Mawaƙin Afirka ta Kudu mai zane wanda zane-zanen hoto ya kawo ruhi da yanayi a sahun gaba na mahalli na birane." "10 Masu zane-zanen Mata na Titin Waɗanda Suka Fi Banksy Kyau".HuffPost. An dawo da shi 22 Maris 2025." Wani baƙon da ba a taɓa gani ba na duka na duniya da na duniya." Jamie Maleszka (18 Nuwamba 2015)."Mass Roko - Tun '96".Kiran Jama'a. An dawo da shi 22 Maris 2025." Zurfafa hangen nesa da ke kasancewa a matsayin kyaututtuka na ado na zahiri ga sauran masu kallo." "Faith47's "Aqua Regalia - Babi na Biyu" a Jonathan...".Supersonic Art. An dawo da shi 22 Maris 2025." Daidai a gida a cikin tudu mai ban tsoro yayin da take cikin ɗakin studio, tana ƙirƙirar zane-zane masu ban sha'awa da ban sha'awa. Ina ƙalubalantar kowa da ya kalli aikinta kuma kada ya ɗan ji daɗin gwanintarta." "Imani47: Lokacin da Ganuwar Magana".Carte Blanche. == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == {{INTERWIKI|Q5431115}} [[Category:Wq/ha]] 8j2lqhymnejnm3nnttapmgqlzv3alhs 0 3643638 7256363 6820546 2026-07-20T09:45:43Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256363 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Fanny Crosby.jpg|thumb|Fanny Crosby]] '''Frances Janes Van Alstyne Crosby''' (Maris 24 1820 - Fabrairu 12 1915), wanda aka fi sani da Fanny Crosby, mawaƙin Ba'amurke ce da ta fi shahara ga waƙar Kirista ta Furotesta. Methodist na tsawon rai, ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin ƙwararrun mawaƙa a tarihi, ta rubuta sama da 8,000 duk da cewa ta makance daga jim kaɗan bayan haihuwa. == Zantuka == "Mafi girman laifin da ya yi imani da gaske. Wannan lokacin daga wurin Yesu gafara yana karba." Daga "Ga Allah Ta'ala" (1875) "Ka ba," in ji ƙaramin rafi, "Ba, oh give, give, oh give," Kamar yadda ta yi sauri ta gangara kan tudu. “Ni ƙarami ne, na sani, amma duk inda na je Filayen suna girma har yanzu.” “Ba da,” in ji ƙaramin Rafi, wanda aka ruwaito a cikin Familiar Quotations na Bartlett, ed 10. (1919). 1860s Kunna! ku masu kishin kasa zuwa ga yaki. Ji Fort Moultrie's canon rattle. Sa'an nan tafi, sa'an nan kuma bãya, sa'an nan kuma bãya zuwa ga yãƙi. Ku tafi ku sadu da waɗancan 'yan ta'adda na Kudancin da nufin ƙarfe kuma idan ƙarfinku ya raunana samari, ku tuna Bunker Hill. Hura! Hura! Hura! Taurari da ratsi har abada! Hura! Hura! Ƙungiyarmu ba za ta rabu ba! Kamar yadda kakanninmu suka murkushe zalunci suna mu'amala da masu shakar Sebi. Sa'an nan tafi, sa'an nan kuma bãya, sa'an nan kuma bãya zuwa ga yãƙi. Ko da yake Beauregard da Wigfall. Takubbansu na iya yin fari. Kawai gaya musu Major Anderson. Har yanzu bai mika wuya ba. Hura! Hura! Ƙungiyarmu ba za ta rabu ba! Shin Virginia ma, tana ballewa? Ya rage na Washington ba a kula? Sa'an nan tafi, sa'an nan kuma bãya, sa'an nan kuma bãya zuwa ga yãƙi. Bude tutar kasarmu. A cikin nasara a can kuma bari 'yan tawaye su lalata wannan tutar idan sun kuskura. Hura! Hura! Ƙungiyarmu ba za ta rabu ba! Masu aikin sa kai, ku tashi ku yi. Har yanzu kyakkyawar tsohuwar hanya tana bi. Sa'an nan tafi, sa'an nan kuma bãya, sa'an nan kuma bãya zuwa ga yãƙi. Yayan ku, waɗanda suka yi yaƙi kafin ku sun jagoranci hanya. Sa'an nan kuma ku bi tafarkinsu kuma ku kasance masu jaruntaka kamar su. Hura! Hura! Ƙungiyarmu ba za ta rabu ba! Kunna! ku masu kishin kasa zuwa ga yaki. Ji igwa na Fort Moultrie daga nan sai ya tafi, sannan ya tafi, sannan ya tafi yaƙi. Tauraron da ke haskaka ƙungiyar mu ba zai taɓa faɗuwa ba! Ko da yake rikici na iya zama mai tsanani, za mu sami nasara tukuna. Hura! Hura! Ƙungiyarmu ba za ta rabu ba! Dixie Don Kungiyar. == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == {{INTERWIKI|Q257456}} [[Category:Wq/ha]] d239fv567c37ykcqnvskjxg5nnzsln0 0 3644802 7256436 6832033 2026-07-20T10:39:27Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256436 wikitext text/x-wiki '''[[w:Fatima Batul Mukhtar|Fatima Batul Mukhtar]]''' (An haife ta a ranar 23 ga watan Mayu, shekarar 1963) Ƙwararriyar malama ce a kasar [[Wq/ha/Najeriya|Najeriya]], Farfesa a fannin Ilimin halitta ([[w:Botany|Botany]]). Bincikenta yana mai da hankali ne kan tsarin haɓaka (growth regulation), nazarin halittu (biostatistics), fasahar binciken halittu (biotechnology), da kuma kiyaye tsirrai. Marigayi Tsohon Shugaban Ƙasar Nigeria, [[w: Muhammadu Buhari|Muhammadu Buhari]] ne ya naɗa ta a matsayin Shugabar Jami’ar Tarayya ta Dutse ([[w: Federal University Dutse|Federal University Dutse]]), inda ta yi aiki daga shekarar 2016 zuwa 2021. == Zantuka == * Jami’ar ta kuma yi fice sosai lokacin da Hukumar Kula da Jami’o’i ta Ƙasa (NUC) ta zo duba ta da tantance shirye-shiryen karatu a watan Mayu/ Yuni bara, inda aka amince wa jami’ar da gudanar da shirye-shirye guda takwas. ** [https://tribuneonlineng.com/fud-develops-anti-diabetic-anti-cancer-drugs-54-made-first-class] Prof Fatima speak on Accreditation in 2018. * Gudanarwa da kuma ƙarfafa tushen ginin Jami’a mai ƙuruciya ya kasance babban ƙalubale, wanda galibi ya faruwa ne sakamakon ƙarancin albarkatu da tattalin arzikinmu a cikin ‘yan shekarun da suka gabata. ** [https://independent.ng/fud-dutse-vows-to-overcome-challenges-of-funding-finance-varsity-vc] Prof Muktar speak at convocation event in 2018. * Maganin cutar sikari(diabetic) ya samu amincewar ɗabi'a (ethical approval) domin gwajin asibiti daga Hukumar Kula da Asibitoci ta Jihar Kano. ** [https://tribuneonlineng.com/fud-develops-anti-diabetic-anti-cancer-drugs-54-made-first-class] Prof Muktar speak on newly developed anti-diabetic drug in 2018. * Na gode wa TETFund saboda samar da kuɗaɗen da suka dace da sukayi domin aiwatar da muhimman ayyuka a makarantar. ** [https://sunnewsonline.com/tetfund-laud-nigerian-varsities-on-quality-projects] Prof Fatima appreciate TETFund in 2019. * Baƙanta wa ɗalibanmu da takardun kwali marasa amfani, da sunan takardar shaidar karatu bai taɓa zama manufar Jami’ar Tarayya ta Dutse ba (Federal University Dutse). ** [https://sunnewsonline.com/nigerian-student-emerges-winner-in-un-students-conference-submissions] Prof Fatima speak on standards of the university in 2019. * Zamu tabbatar da cewa jami'ar zata zama mai amfani ga al'umma da ci gaban ƙasa. Ina son in faɗi da gaskiya cewa kafa TETFund shine mafi alheri da ya taɓa faruwa ga ilimi na gaba da sakandare a Najeriya (Higher education). ** [https://sunnewsonline.com/tetfund-laud-nigerian-varsities-on-quality-projects] Prof Muktar speak on University and Higher Education in 2019. * Jami'ar na shirin ƙaddamar da sababbin shirye-shirye guda huɗu a cikin Faculty of Management Sciences, banda shirye-shiryen da ake da su guda biyar. ** [https://tribuneonlineng.com/52-first-class-students-among-786-graduating-fud-vc] Prof Fatima on new programmes in 2019. * Haka kuma, adadin ɗalibai ya ƙaru a hankali daga 202 a shekarar 2012 zuwa adadin yanzu na 9,491. ** [https://tribuneonlineng.com/52-first-class-students-among-786-graduating-fud-vc] Prof Fatima speak on increase in the population of students in 2020. * A'a, ba na jin wani nau'in tsoro ko shakka ko kadan, domin na dade ina aiki yanzu kuma na saba da kasancewa ni kadai a cikin maza. Kuma kullum ina samun goyon bayan mazan. Ba su taɓa kallona a matsayin mace kawai ba. ** [https://guardian.ng/interview/i-dont-feel-intimidated-in-the-midst-of-men/] Speaking on her not been intimidated by men *Ina tsamani haka ne, domin abin da na fi sani shi ne karatu. Tun farko na mayar da hankali. Na san abin da nake so, kuma na bi wannan hanya har na samu abin da nake so. ** [https://guardian.ng/interview/i-dont-feel-intimidated-in-the-midst-of-men/] Speaking on her drive. * Kalubalen da muke fuskanta da yawa ne, gaskiya. Amma zan ce wanda na gada ya yi aiki sosai a lokacin shekaru biyar da ya jagoranci kafuwar jami’ar, domin a zamaninsa ne dukkan wadannan gine-ginen da kuke gani aka kafa su. ** [https://guardian.ng/interview/i-dont-feel-intimidated-in-the-midst-of-men/] Speaking on the challenges that come with been the VC. * Yawancin jami’o’i ana tafiyar da su ne ta hanyar tsarin kwamitoci, kuma ya kamata a ci gaba da karfafa hakan. Amma da na zo, na gano cewa akwai kwamitoci da dama da ba sa aiki, wasu kuma ma babu su kwata-kwata. ** [https://guardian.ng/interview/i-dont-feel-intimidated-in-the-midst-of-men/] Speaking on committee system in universities. * Baya ga haka, mun samu damar amfani da yawancin tallafin da aka ware mana, domin a lokacin haduwar mu ta baya da jami’an TETFund, mun gano wasu sassa da ba mu samu damar amfani da su ba da kuma dalilin hakan. Amma abin farin ciki shi ne, yawancin tallafin da aka saba samu mun kammala su. ** [https://guardian.ng/interview/i-dont-feel-intimidated-in-the-midst-of-men/] Speaking on accessing funds for the institution. * Abin da zan iya cewa kawai shi ne na mai da hankali kuma na san abin da nake so. Ban san komai game da kasuwanci ba; abin da na sani kawai shi ne karatu, haka ma 'yan uwana. Mu guda goma ne, kuma babu wanda ke da ƙasa da digiri na biyu (Masters), kuma dukkanmu muna cikin kwanciyar hankali da nasara. ** [https://guardian.ng/interview/i-dont-feel-intimidated-in-the-midst-of-men/] Speaking on her focus that has pushed her to success. [[Category:Wq/ha]] fy0nq8zi3e9x5h01eesf1fiz6cztb8r 0 3647529 7256361 6834124 2026-07-20T09:44:42Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256361 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Fannie_Lou_Hamer_1964-08-22.jpg|thumb|I always said if I lived to get grown and had a chance, I was going to try to get something for my mother and I was going to do something for the black man of the South if it would cost my life; I was determined to see that things were changed.]] '''Fannie Lou Hamer''' (Oktoba 6, 1917 - Maris 14, 1977), an haife ta Fannie Lou Townsend, ɗan fafutukar yancin jefa ƙuri'a Ba'amurkiya ce kuma shugabar 'yancin ɗan adam. Ta kasance sakatariyar fili tare da Kwamitin Gudanar da Haɗin Kai na Student. == Zantuka == * Sai kawai idan muna magana mai kyau ne za mu sami damar da dare a yi mana busa a gidajenmu. Shin za mu iya kiran wannan ƙasa mai 'yanci, lokacin da nake jin tsoron yin barci a cikin gidana a Mississippi?... Ba zan iya rayuwa sa'o'i biyu ba bayan na dawo gida,amma ina so in zama wani ɓangare na saita Negro kyauta a Mississippi. * Kamar yadda aka nakalto a cikin Wannan Ƙananan Hasken Nawa, ch. 8, na Hay Mills (1993). An faɗo a ranar 13 ga Satumban shekarar 1965, a cikin wani saurara a gaban Kwamitin Zaɓe na Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka. * Tare da jama'a, ga mutane, ta mutane. Ina fashe lokacin da na ji shi; Na ce, tare da ɗimbin yawa, ga ɗimbin, ta ɗimbin, 'dalilin abin da ya faru ke nan. * Kamar yadda aka nakalto a cikin Wannan Ƙananan Hasken Nawa, ch. 8, na Hay Mills (1993). == Hanyoyin hadin waje == * [http://www.lib.usm.edu/~spcol/crda/oh/hamer.htm?hamertrans.htm~mainFrame Oral History] * [http://www.greatwomen.org/women.php?action=viewone&id=72 National Women's Hall of Fame entry] * [http://www.fembio.org/women/fannie-lou-hamer.shtml FemBio.org bio] * [http://rsparlourtricks.blogspot.com/2005/10/fannie-lou-hamer.html Ron Schuler's Parlour Tricks: Fannie Lou Hamer] * [http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=19859 Fannie Lou Hamer's Gravesite] [[Category:Wq/ha]] 3u498of3pzugi5n9xsa4r3u4we3l5o4 0 3649788 7256354 6844765 2026-07-20T09:41:54Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256354 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Faiza Jama Mohamed''' (an haife ta a shekara ta 1958) yar fafutukar kare hakkin mata ’yar Somalia ce, Daraktar Daidaito a Yankin Afirka Yanzu. Ta kuma kasance fitacciyar mai fafutuka kan [[w:Maputo Protocol|], da kuma yaki da kaciyar mata. == Zantuka == * Mun ga cewa ƙarin ayyuka masu fa'ida daga ƴan jiha suna faruwa ne lokacin da shugaban ƙasar ya tashi tsaye ya ayyana matakin yaƙi da cin zarafin mata. * Magance cin zarafi na jinsi ya kamata ya zama ka'ida ba banda ba. *** [https://esaro.unfpa.org/en/news/call-out-perpetrators-gbv-help-end-violence-against-women-and-girls Call out perpetrators of GBV to help end violence against women and girls],21 September 2020,© UNFPA * [W] ya kamata ya mayar da hankali ba kawai a kan kawo karshen duk wani nau'i na cin zarafi da wariyar launin fata ga mata da 'yan mata a Kenya ba, amma a kan yin yunƙurin mayar da ƙasar ta zama al'umma mai adalci ga kowa. == Hanyoyin hadin waje == [[Category:Wq/ha]] 0y3zw3fk70g680i7u73wpttfwszw5j0 0 3651286 7256353 6850464 2026-07-20T09:41:30Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256353 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:The Minister for International Co-operation, Egypt, Ms. Fayza Abou El Naga meeting with the Prime Minister, Dr. Manmohan Singh, in New Delhi on April 09, 2008.jpg|thumb|Faiza Abou el-Naga]] '''Fayza Abou El-Naga''' Faiza Abou El-Naga ɗan siyasa ne na Masar wanda ya yi amfani da ministan sarrafawa da kuma lokacin Mubarak era da lokacin mubarak. An naɗa ta a matsayin mai ba da shawara kan harkar tsaro ta ƙasar Masar ta Shugaba Abdelel Fattah el Sisi. == Zantuka == * Amurka ta yanke shawarar amfani da duk albarkatun ta da kayan aikinta don dauke da lamarin kuma tura shi ta hanyar da ke inganta Amurka da kuma sha'awar Isra'ila. * Masar ba kamar sauran al'ummomin da ke tattare da tsarinsu ta hanyar neman tallafin da aka ba da tallafi ta hanyar bankin duniya ba ya yarda da halaye na duniya ko kuma IMF. * Amma wadanda ake zargin wadannan makircin duhu ba 'yan wakilcin ba ne na hukumar leken asirin, mi6, ko ma Mossad, kamar yadda mutum zai ce ya ce zai ce zai ce. A'a, suna da manyan ƙungiya ƙungiya ƙungiya daga ƙasashe daban-daban waɗanda ke aiki don taimakon Masarawa don canji zuwa ga dimokiradiyya. == Hanyoyin hadi na waje == [[:en:Faiza_Abou_el-Naga|Faiza_Abou_el-Naga]] [[Category:Wq/ha]] jylzsb23pg4zg8i64dtp5ieant1dthv 0 3651434 7256393 6851322 2026-07-20T09:56:20Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256393 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Farkhonda Hassan''' (1930-30 Oktoba 2020) farfesa ce a fannin ilimin ƙasa a Jami'ar Amurka da ke Alkahira kuma ita ce shugabar Hukumar Ci gaban Ɗan Adam da Gudanar da Ƙananan Hukumomin Majalisar Shura. Ta yi digirin farko a fannin sinadarai da ilimin ƙasa daga Jami'ar Alkahira, digirin digiri na biyu a fannin kimiyyar ƙasa daga Jami'ar Amurka da ke Alkahira, da digirin-digirgir a fannin ilimin ƙasa daga Jami'ar Pittsburgh (Amurka). Ta kuma yi digirin digirgir a fannin ilimin halayyar ɗan adam da ilimi daga Jami'ar Ai Shams da ke Masar. == Zantuka == * Ba wai a sake tattaunawa kan mafarkanmu ba ne, amma a jaddada alhakin dukkan masu ruwa da tsaki ta hanyar tattaunawa dalla-dalla kan manufofi, manufofi, nasarori da gazawa. Ba ma neman alkawurra, amma muna buƙatar ɗaukar mataki. * Bai kamata a sake kallon dandalin Beijing a matsayin wani tsari na manufofi da buri masu sauƙi ba, amma dole ne a yi amfani da shi azaman kayan aiki don tura rungumar manufofi masu mahimmanci ga jinsi. * Yawancin matan Afirka har yanzu ana hana su ilimi da aiki, kuma suna da iyakacin damammaki a kasuwanci, masana'antu da gwamnati. * Har yanzu akwai rashin daidaiton jinsi. Irin waɗannan bambance-bambancen ba wai kawai suna rage ƙarfin mata na shiga da kuma amfana daga ci gaba ba, har ma da ingancin ci gaba gaba ɗaya. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa shugaban ƙasa ya dage cewa dole ne a kawar da jahilci cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci. * Ba a ɗauki wani matakin ɗaukar fansa ba a lokacin da nake kan kujerar magajin gari == Hanyoyin hadi na waje == [[:en:Farkhonda_Hassan|Farkhonda_Hassan]] {{INTERWIKI|Q5435383}} [[Category:Wq/ha]] 5v9cm25r19ay46ixlsn4o7ehjz1ql2i 0 3652119 7256465 6854178 2026-07-20T10:50:17Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256465 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fatoumatta Bah-Barrow''' (wanda kuma aka rubuta Fatoumata; an haife ta a ranar 5 ga Agusta, 1974) ita ce matar shugaban ƙasar Gambia Adama Barrow ta farko, kuma ta kasance matar shugaban ƙasar Gambia tun daga shekarar 2017. == Zantuka == * Kare yara har da yara kanana yana da matuƙar muhimmanci ga al'ummarmu kuma ni a matsayina na uwargidan shugaban ƙasa na sadaukar da kai ga kare yara a Gambia. * "" * Mata sun fi uwaye kuma maza sun fi uba. * A'a, a gwada wa mata rashin haihuwa tare da ita kuma a tallafa mata yayin magani == Hanyoyin hadi na waje == [[:en:Fatoumatta_Bah-Barrow|Fatoumatta_Bah-Barrow]] {{INTERWIKI|Q60607237}} [[Category:Wq/ha]] dlhjhb5771x7hibazjyxpy1fynk9jl9 0 3652166 7256467 6854466 2026-07-20T10:51:13Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256467 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fatoumata "Fatu" Camara''' (kuma Fatou Camara; *ƙarni na 20 a Banjul) mai gabatar da shirye-shirye a talabijin ce kuma ƴar jarida daga ƙasar Gambiya ta Yammacin Afirka. == Zantuk == * Ina farin ciki da cewa Gambia ta amince da hukuncin Kotun Ecowas. Ina fatan wannan ya zama darasi ga gwamnatoci don barin 'yan jarida su yi aikinmu ba tare da cin zarafi da tsoratarwa ba. Ya kamata a girmama haƙƙinmu na 'yancin faɗar albarkacin baki, 'yanci, da 'yancin motsi koyaushe. * Mutane suna rayuwa cikin tsoro, mutane ba sa jin daɗi, mutane ma ba za su iya magana a waya ba saboda suna jin tsoron wani zai iya sauraron tattaunawarsu. * Mutane sun riga sun gudu daga gare ni, babu wanda yake son yin magana da ni saboda babu wanda ke son shiga matsala, don haka ina ganin abin da na yi shi ne mafi kyawun abu. * An gaya mini cewa suna da umarnin zartarwa cewa kada in sake bayyana a wannan talabijin, shin kuna ganin ya dace in zauna a can? * Ina tsammanin gungun mutane ne da ke da kishi sosai, waɗanda ba sa son in yi abin da zan yi ko kuma wataƙila ina samun karbuwa sosai a gare su, * Mutane nawa ne aka daure a Gambia bisa ga wani abu saboda kun san tsarin shari'a, ta yaya kuka amince da shi? == Hanyoyin hadi na waje == [[:en:Fatou_Camara_(journalist)|Fatou_Camara_(journalist)]] {{INTERWIKI|Q28966413}} [[Category:Wq/ha]] dvuee1h49fszy2lzqp54f713aqidozy 0 3652174 7256460 6854483 2026-07-20T10:48:23Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256460 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fatou Jeng''' matashiya ce mai fafutukar kare muhalli daga Gambia, mai da hankali kan ilimi, kiyayewa da dasa bishiyoyi. == Zantuka == * Shugabanni sun ƙasa fahimtar gaggawar rikicin da ke gabanmu. * Wannan ita ce mummunan gaskiyar da muke fuskanta. Idan muna son yaki da matsalar yanayi da kuma yin magana game da adalci a yanayi, to muna bukatar tabbatar da cewa an sanya ilimin 'yan mata a cikin zuciyar tattaunawar. Mun daɗe muna magana, to amma abin da muke buƙata yanzu shi ne aiki na gaske. == Hanyoyin hadi na waje == [[:en:Fatou_Jeng|Fatou_Jeng]] {{INTERWIKI|Q98669428}} [[Category:Wq/ha]] taqykbqpjgnjk5gl9o1e1se1hmxx0h5 0 3652693 7256405 6857215 2026-07-20T10:00:17Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256405 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fati Seidu''' ƴar siyasa ce ta Ghana wacce ta kasance 'yar majalisa ta biyu a jamhuriya ta huɗu wacce ke wakiltar mazabar Bawku ta Tsakiya a yankin Gabas ta Tsakiya na ƙasar Ghana. == Zantuka == * Kayan aikina yanzu ya shahara sosai godiya ga waɗannan nunin kasuwanci da nune-nune, inda kusan kashi 70% na abokan cinikina suka zo ta cikin nune-nunen. Shigata cikin waɗannan nune-nunen kasuwanci da nune-nune sun taimaka mini wajen inganta marufina sosai. * * Har sai da na sami horo kan gudanar da kasuwanci da kula da kuɗi daga REP, na kan yi amfani da ƙananan kuɗin da nake samu daga kasuwancin ba daidai ba. Ban san dole ne in biya kaina ba. Na yi tunanin kamfanin ko kasuwancin nawa ne don haka zan iya yin wannan ko wancan. Amma na koyi cewa ina buƙatar yin rikodin da ya dace wanda zai iya taimaka mini wajen samun tallafin lamuni. * * Saboda haka ina buƙatar a gudanar da cikakken bayani game da sakamakon zaɓe don tantance wanda ya yi nasara a gaskiya. * * Yayin da Shugaban ƙasa ke fama da cika alkawuransa da yawa, jami'an da aka zaɓa suna aiki don su sauke shi. Lokaci ɗaya kawai da shugabannin jami'ai ke zuwa ofis shine lokacin da akwai kuɗi da za su raba a tsakaninsu, bayan wata matsala ta taso sai su koma su kwana a gidajensu. == Hanyoyin hadi na waje == [[:en:Fati_Seidu|/Fati_Seidu]] {{INTERWIKI|Q94970144}} [[Category:Wq/ha]] 9ap1ts7k2msi617rcqcoeg9a4pkuecf 0 3652850 7256358 6857888 2026-07-20T09:43:44Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256358 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Falguni Sanjay Nayar''' (an Haife ta 19 ga Fabrairun shekarar 1963) ƴar kasuwa ce 'yar kasar Indiya, wacce ta kafa kuma ta ke shugabar kamfanin siyar da kayan kwalliya da salon rayuwa na Nykaa, wacce aka fi sani da FSN E-Commerce Ventures wanda shine takaitaccen sunan ta. Nayar tana daya daga cikin ƴan kasuwar Indiya mata biyu da suka yi kansu. == Zantuka == * A koyaushe na ce babu rufin gilashi. Ba na tsammanin maza suna jira don hana mata yin abin da suke so. Ina ganin dole mata su so wa kansu. Kuma idan sun so da kansu, za su samu. * A yau, akwai canji na tsararraki yana faruwa. Lokacin da na fara, mata tara ne kawai a aji na ɗalibai 150 a makarantarmu ta MBA. Idan aka zo batun tafiye-tafiyen rayuwarsu, mata da yawa sun kasance sun daina. Amma sabbin matan zamani na yau ba su daina ba. Yana da mahimmanci a iya jujjuya tsakanin rayuwar mutum da aiki a wannan lokacin (lokacin da kuke yin aure, zama iyaye) saboda ina jin yakamata ku ci gaba da aiki koda kun huta na ɗan lokaci. * Bari hasken rayuwar ku ya kasance akan ku. Mata da yawa suna tsoron yin mafarki game da kansu. Mun ba su damar haihuwa, bari mu ba su damar yin mafarki * Ga mata babu rufin gilashi. Mata suna buƙatar yin mafarki da kansu. Karfafawa da tallafi dole ne su fito daga gida. Daga dangi, kuna buƙatar ƙarfafa ku don biyan burinku fiye da abin da kamfanoni ke yi. Ni babban mai imani cewa karfafawa mata dole ne a fara daga gida * Mu kungiya ce mai buda baki. Muna sauraron abokan cinikinmu kuma duk ra'ayoyin sun fito daga gare su. Suna gaya mana mu kawo wannan alamar ta musamman ko buɗe kantin sayar da kayayyaki a nan. Mun kasance mai himma a shafukan sada zumunta * Ina sane da kasuwancin e-commerce a Amurka don haka muna tunanin idan za mu iya aurar da kasuwancin e-commerce tare da matsalolin masana'antar kyakkyawa ta Indiya kuma mu fito da dillalai masu yawa da ke da mai da hankali don isar da ƙwarewar kyakkyawa ga kasuwancin e-commerce zai zama hanyar da ta dace don ci gaba. * Tun daga wannan lokacin, masu amfani daga rukunin tsofaffi kuma suna siyan samfuran kyakkyawa, amma nasarar farko ta kasance daga millennials * Mun shafe shekaru goma da suka gabata don gina ingantaccen yanayin muhalli na omnichannel, wanda ya mamaye duk tashoshi don hidima ga mabukaci na Indiya na zamani. Mun yi imanin cewa mayar da hankali kan kan layi da kan layi - yana da mahimmanci ga samfuran kyau da masu amfani da kyau. A yau, muna alfaharin sanar da mu cewa mun haye babban matakin shaguna 250. Wannan ya sa mu zama cibiyar sadarwa mafi girma na shaguna na musamman a Indiya, tare da kasancewa a cikin birane 82. Kasuwancin kasuwancin mu na zahiri ba kawai yana faɗaɗa sawun sa ba, har ma yana yin haka da riba * Mun ƙaddamar da Fashion Nykaa don saduwa da manyan buƙatun kasuwa guda biyu: ɗimbin yuwuwar masana'antar keɓe da haɓaka sha'awar mabukaci don mai da hankali kan yanayin, ƙwarewar siyayya ta ƙima. Mun tsaya da gaske ga wannan hangen nesa, muna mai da hankali kan samar da ingantaccen tsari da ba da damar ganowa. * Nykaa yana da matsayi mai kyau don samun nasara yayin da muke aiki a cikin wannan babban yanayin haɓaka inda BPC da Fashion sune nau'ikan girma mafi sauri cikin amfani da hankali. Kasuwar BPC ta kan layi kadai ana hasashen za ta yi girma sau uku daga FY25 zuwa FY30, inda za ta kai dala biliyan 15. Hakazalika, ana hasashen kasuwar kayan kwalliya ta kan layi zuwa fiye da sau uku a lokaci guda, wanda zai kai dala biliyan 60. * Ina fata ina da mai haɗin gwiwa daga fannin fasaha, wanda zai ba ni babban farawa * Tsayar da jirgin a ko da yaushe yana iya taimakawa wajen magance matsalolin tafiyar da harkokin kasuwanci ta hanyar tudu da ƙasa. * Bilionaire Falguni Nayar yana da 'wannan fatan' ga Nykaa da farko, 17 ga Mayu 2022 * Shekaru ba bar * Yi hankali da damar * Kasance mai niyya da mai da hankali * Darussa 5 daga labarin nasara na Falguni Nayar da Nykaa * Yin yanke shawara ba koyaushe zai kasance da sauƙi ba, kuma sau da yawa ba za a sami amsa kai tsaye ba. Don haka, amince da hanjin ku zuwa wani wuri, zai yi muku jagora da kyau * Kuma ku tuna, ko mene ne wani ya ce, bai yi latti don sake farawa ba * Kada ku ji tsoron ɗaukar kasada a hanya. An albarkace ku don shiga cikin duniyar da ke daɗaɗa haɗari. Ku ciyar da farkon shekarun aikinku don ɗaukar hatsarorin da suka dace kuma ku yi fare masu ƙarfin gwiwa akan kanku. Gwada abin da kuke so da abin da ba ku so. Ɗauki matsayin da zai sa ku waje da yankin jin daɗin ku kuma ku ƙalubalanci kanku * Yi haɗarin da ya dace, kar a kori lada: Saƙo mai jan hankali wanda ya kafa Nykaa Falguni Nayar ga matasa waɗanda suka kammala karatun digiri,14 Afrilu 2022. * Ina ganin kasuwancin da kuka zaba don gina ya kamata ya dogara ne akan hukunci; ba sai ya zama abin da kuka fi so ko wani abu makamancin haka ba. Na ga shari'ar kasuwanci da buƙatun kasuwanci don kyau. Kuma abin da na zaba ke nan * Ina matukar son masana'antar kyau. Yana da ban mamaki masana'antu. Na san yawancin manyan 'yan wasa a masana'antar, shugabannin da manyan jami'an gudanarwarsu .... Kuma kasuwanci ne mai kyau. Ina matukar son bangaren gina alamar kasuwanci. Wuri mai dadi, zan ce, tabbas * Abin da nake godiya da gaske shine mutanen da suke gina alamu. Kuma wannan shi ma wani abu ne da nake mai da hankali a kai. Abin da nake alfahari da shi shine tambarin Nykaa da yadda muka gina hakan. Kuma yunƙuri ne na hankali don gina wata alama mai tsananin son mabukaci. Kuma na yi ƙoƙari mai yawa, duka biyu na ƙungiyoyi da na sirri don gina alamar * Kuma a yau ina ganin Nykaa 'gaskiyar alama' ta gabaci 'gaskiyar kasuwanci', in ji ta. "Na tafi ƙananan garuruwa, kamar sa'o'i biyu da Manali, kuma 'yan mata sun san Nykaa. Don haka ina tsammanin alamar ita ce ainihin abin da na fi daraja * [[Category:Wq/ha]] dxn0zpkthhr9bz919vegzsqmuo4us3i 0 3652958 7256360 6858254 2026-07-20T09:44:15Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256360 wikitext text/x-wiki '''FANFAN rwanydo Kayirangta''' wani ɗan siyasa ne na Rwanda wanda ya kasance Ministan Ma'aikatar Ma'aikatar jama'a, tun 31 Augusar 2017. Tana da dokoki na National Ruwanda. Ta kuma rike da babban dokoki, da jami'ar Wittworrand, a Johannesburg, Afirka ta Kudu. Rwanyardo Kayirengwa yi aiki a masana'antar sabis na kuɗi. Daga shekarar 1998 har sai ta kasance 2004, ta zama mai ba da shawara kan hukumar ta Ruwanda, wanda a yau ya yi ciniki a matsayin & M Bankin Rwanda Limnees. A cikin satar majalisar ministocin 31 Agusta 2017, FANFAN ROWANDONDO an nada sabon ministan jama'a na hidisai da aiki, wanda ya dauki matsayin Minista a ofishin shugaban. == Zantuka == * Mun sami nasarar warware wannan ta hanyar canja wurin tsarin daga tebur zuwa yanar gizo wanda ke nufin mutum zai iya samun damar a ko'ina akan Intanet. * "Ta yi bayanin cewa suna da matsin lamba don kara kayayyaki kuma an tilasta musu amfani da shi, * Yakamata mutane su yi amfani da kyawawan kayan amfanin da suke samu, cin abinci mai lafiya, kuma su taimaka musu yaƙi da cutar tarin fuka a cikin yara. * " * Yana taimaka musu (ɗalibi) don samun aiki nan da nan da kuma yayin da suke koyan aikin, nan da nan suka san abin da suke ciki, kamar mutumin da ke koyon yanke shi da koyo yin hakan. Lokacin da suka kammala karatun, sai suka sami aiki ko su zama masu aiki. == Hanyoyin hadi na waje == [[:en:Fanfan_Rwanyindo_Kayirangwa|Fanfan_Rwanyindo_Kayirangwa]] [[Category:Wq/ha]] l0zb91j4zgf5u1sj1p15gna0l7ykrj6 0 3652991 7256477 6858352 2026-07-20T10:54:22Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256477 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fatuma Roba''' an (haife ta a18 Disamba 1973) wata mace ce ne hangen inesa, wanda aka fi sanin ta da shi. Ta zama mace ta farko ta 'yar wasan a Olympic na Mata a shekarar 1996 ga lashe Larathons na bazara a shekarar ATLATTA 1996 ga lashe gurasar Boston. == Zantuka == * Gaskiya ban sami ƙarfafa daga kowa ba, amma na tura saboda na fi son gudu. Na sa tawagar farko ta ƙasa a 1988. * * Na san zan zama zakara na Olympics. Ina gudu da sauran kuma suna kallo baya, don haka na fahimci cewa sun gaji, lokacin da ni lokacin da nake da sauƙi. Yayi kyau, saboda zan iya gudu karfi da more rayuwa. * * Na san tseren Olympic na 1960 Abeobe Bikila da 1968 Mamo Wandde daga rediyo, don haka na yi tunanin zan gwada shi, kuma. * . * Sun yi tunanin yakamata in kasance da ayyukan mata. * * Ba na son zama sananne, amma yana da kyau kasancewa cikin manyan 'yan wasa. * * Ina fatan yin tarihi, ina jin kamar na yi shiri yafj kyau. * . * To, a gare ni mafi girma daga duk marathons ne ba shakka Marathon na Olympics, amma wuri na biyu shine Boston. * * Wani lokaci, idan akwai mutane da yawa a kusa da ni lokacin da na je kantin sayar da, Ina jin tsoro. Na kasance ina jin kunya. Har yanzu ina ganin kaina mai jin kunya, amma ni dan mafi kyau yanzu kuma na saba da shi. * * Ina matukar farin cikin lashe a karo na biyu, na same shi ya zama mai sauƙin tsere. * * An gaya mini akwai babban tudu, amma ban gan shi ba. * Dukansu sun fita daga hanyarsu, suna samun lambobin yabo na Amurka da komai. * * Ko da ban sake yin gudu ba, anma na kasance daya daga ciki. * . * Halin da na ji daga mutane suna da babban tasiri a kaina, ba zato ba tsammani na ji irin wannan kyakkyawar zuciya. Na ji cewa dole ne in yi ƙoƙarin ci gaba, muddin na iya. * . * Kafin tseren da na ji tsoron wasu da mafi kyawun lokaci, amma ba da daɗewa ba na fahimci cewa ba sa yin aiki a yau, na ɗora saurin kuma ba za su bi ba. A wannan lokacin na riga na tabbata cewa zan yi nasara saboda na yi wuya sosai. * * Ba kuma sake, ba zan sake yin wannan nesa ba, ya yi tsawo. * * Wannan ba abu bane na musamman kawai a gare ni har ma da ƙasata da dukkanin matan Afirka. * . * Zantuka game da Fatuma Roba * Ita ce kaɗai mace daga Afirka da ta lashe Gasar Olympics da Boston MARAT sau uku. Ita wahayi ce a gare mu. * * Ina tsammanin wata misali ne ga masu yawa mata wadanda ke karu da al'adu saboda ba ya saka muku da kai. * * Idan za ta ci nasara sau hudu, hakan yana ba mu ƙarin damar yin tunanin za mu iya yi, wataƙila sau shida. * * Ga mata, tana kama da mutum na musamman, tana da niyya, idan ta ci nasara huɗu, ba ma bukatar wani abu. * * Matata ta haife yarinyar yarinya ba da jimawa ba bayan wasannin Olympics kuma na mai suna 'Fautu' bayan ka. * * Ta gudu tare da daidai mai laushi da placid, wanda ba shi da hankali suna duban fuskarta da ta dauki tsere a gasar Olympics. * * Mafi nutsuwa-mai hangen nesa da na taba gani. == Hanyoyin hadi na waje == {{INTERWIKI|Q239208}} [[Category:Wq/ha]] d7cl7r6dfqbomx0wsd31locgv5wumq0 0 3653256 7256402 6859378 2026-07-20T09:59:21Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256402 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fathia Balogun tsohuwar Faith Williams''' (an haife ta 5 Fabrairun shekarar 1969) yar wasan Najeriya ce, mai shirya fina-finai, furodusa kuma darakta. == Zantuka == * "Abinda kawai zan iya tunawa a bayyane shine kwarewata a makaranta. Na je daya daga cikin fitattun makarantu a wancan zamani, Maryland" * " Yawancin lokaci ina gaya wa mutane cewa akwai kalubale a duk sana'a, har ma da masu sayar da nama a kasuwa. Mutum ya biya hakkinsa idan ya taso" * "Idan ba ku da juriya da haƙuri, ba za ku iya yin hakan ba" == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == [[:en:Faithia_Williams|Faithia Williams]] [[Category:Wq/ha]] q7vfd7xpa9xjg0vkx3ddedjeshba62t 0 3653482 7256390 6860927 2026-07-20T09:55:11Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256390 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Farida Bedwei 2.jpg|thumb|Farida Nana Efua Bedwei]] '''Farida Nana EFUA Bedwe'''i Bedwei Farida Bedwei ta gina Aikace-aikacen Mobile da Kasuwanci, kuma ana saninta da sanin ta na kayan aikin software, da kuma tura ayyukan wayar hannu, musamman ga aikace-aikacen banki. == Zantuka == * "An kuma haife ni a Legas, Najeriya a watan Afrilu na 6, 1979. Na gama da wasu makarantata na musamman, in ji naúrar da mahaifiyata. lokaci daga farkon shekaru biyu na hanya. Magana game da ita da ilimi. " * Ana ɗaukarsa amma har yanzu muna da hanya mai nisa zuwa. Da farko dai muna da al'adun karatu, kafin ƙarin mutane za su motsa su don rubutawa. Tambayar tambayoyin- Menene ra'ayinku akan yanayin rubutu a Ghana? * Dukansu suna da buƙatar mazaje 'miji kaɗan kuma yawanci suna fama da ɗan kaɗan lokacin da ɗayan ke halarta - wanda shine dalilin da yasa ya ɗauki wannan dogon don amsa tambayoyinku. == Hanyoyin hadi na waje == [[:en:Farida_Bedwei|ki/Farida_Bedwei]] {{INTERWIKI|Q16727436}} [[Category:Wq/ha]] fess0crspcdkpvwx7tbxxzboz6hvwpx 0 3653971 7256429 6863461 2026-07-20T10:37:12Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256429 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fatim-Zahra Ammor''' (an haife ta a shekara ta 1967) Injiniya ce ta Moroko, mai ba da shawara kuma ƴar siyasa. Tun daga ranar 7 ga Oktoban shekarar 2021, ta kasance ministar yawon shakatawa, sana'ar hannu da tattalin arzikin zamantakewa da haɗin kai na Morocco. == Zantuka == * Yawon shakatawa na da muhimmiyar gudummawa ga tattalin arzikin Morocco, yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a ci gaban kasar. * Akwai gagarumin ci gaban zuba jari na yawon bude ido a Maroko, tare da damar saka hannun jari da yawa don cin gajiyar dukkan sarkar darajar. * Wannan sabuwar dabarar tana tabbatar da cewa kowane yanki na Maroko yana haskakawa tare da yuwuwar sa na musamman, yana ba da gogewar Moroccan da ba za a manta ba duk shekara. * Duk waɗannan yunƙurin tallace-tallace sun ta'allaka ne akan mahimman ƙimar alamar mu: sahihanci da zamani. == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == [[:en:Fatim-Zahra_Ammor|Fatim-Zahra Ammor]] [[Category:Wq/ha]] 6f1bl0fliuwgtvtmhz3plqnolgsqa0x 0 3654759 7256469 6866725 2026-07-20T10:51:37Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256469 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Fatu Gayflor.jpg|thumb|Fatu Gayflor]] '''Fatu Gayflor''' (an haife ta a shekarar 1966), wacce aka fi sani da Gimbiya Fatu Gayflor, mawaƙiya ce kuma mai rawa a Liberia. An haife ta a Kakata, ƙasar Margibi, ta fara waƙa tana da shekaru goma sha biyu. == Zantuka == * An yi nufin ginin Kendeja ya zama alama ta jajircewar Liberia wajen haɓaka fasaha da al'adunmu. Don haka, abin kunya ne ganin cewa ba mu da irin wannan wuri na tarihi kuma gwamnatin da ta gabata ba ta yi komai ba don sake farfaɗo da shi. Ina faɗin haka ne saboda muna buƙatar sarari inda masu fasaha za su iya haɗuwa don nuna ayyukansu da kuma inda za a iya gudanar da al'adun gargajiya. Ina fatan Shugaba Boakai zai iya ba da fifiko ga sake gina ginin Kendeja don tabbatar da cewa fasaha da al'adun Liberia sun ci gaba da bunƙasa. * Ba za mu iya sanya farashi kan darajar fasaha da al'adunmu ba saboda ginin Kendeja ya fi kawai gini na zahiri; alama ce ta asalinmu a matsayinmu na 'yan Liberia kuma ta hanyar sake gina shi, muna saka hannun jari a makomar ƙasarmu kuma muna tabbatar da cewa gadon al'adunmu ya ci gaba da kasancewa. * Waɗannan abubuwa ne masu matukar tayar da hankali. Ba na son rera wannan waƙar, amma muna yi ne saboda dole ne mu kai saƙo ga mutane. * A lokacin, ban san kalmar magani ba. Amma na san cewa waƙa ga mutane yana sa su ji daɗi. Don haka lokacin da na rubuta wannan waƙar, duk inda na je na yi wasa a sansanin 'yan gudun hijira, za su yi kuka kuma su zauna su yi magana. Domin yayin da kake rayuwa, ba za ka iya ɓoye matsalolinka a kanka ba. == Hanyoyin hadi na waje == [[:en:Fatu_Gayflor|/Fatu_Gayflor]] [[Category:Wq/ha]] {{INTERWIKI|Q5438025}} o7cb81e74xg5iqj5z3sn22hgo8nrd49 0 3654761 7256347 6866729 2026-07-20T09:38:21Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256347 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Faithvonic.jpg|thumb|Faithvonic]] '''Faith Terryson''', wacce aka fi sani da Faithvonic, mawaƙiya ce kuma marubuciya 'yar ƙasar Liberia daga gundumar Grand Bassa. Ita ma ƙwararriyar mai tsara kayan kwalliya ce, mai tsara zane, mai ƙirƙirar abun ciki, kuma daraktan bidiyo ce. == Zantuka == * Daga yaƙi zuwa tashin hankali a cikin gida, zuwa fyaɗe, zuwa jima'i. Ba zan iya ambaton komai ba. Har ma yana iya raunata ku lokacin da kuka fara tunani a kai. * Kiɗana yana kawo rai ga mutane. Ina son in yi bikin mutane kuma in haɗa su wuri ɗaya. Na kuma san cewa kiɗa na iya ƙarfafa mutane, shi ya sa wani lokacin nake nutsewa cikin wannan aikin agaji a matsayin mawaƙi. * Muna da matsaloli da yawa, amma ina ƙoƙarin cire tunanin mutane daga ciki, kamar manta da matsalolin sau ɗaya kawai kuma kawai in gano kyawun da kuka sani. * Girma tare da mahaifina ba shine cikakkiyar yarinta ba. Ya kasance mai tashin hankali, musamman bayan ya sha giya. Ni da mahaifiyata mata ba mu da murya a gida. Kusan kamar shi ne shugabanmu. Kuma ba ku faɗin komai lokacin da shugabanku ya yi kuskure, ko da abin da kuke ganin ya dace. Abin ya bani tsoro kuma a wani lokaci, na tsani maza. "Namiji ba zai taɓa sanya ni a cikin wani yanayi da nake shiru ba. Na san darajar kaina, na san ko ni wanene kuma na san abin da zan iya yi, kuma banda haka, ba mu cikin ƙarni ɗaya da mata ke yin shiru ba. A Afirka, ana sa mata su miƙa wuya ga mazansu da zarar sun yi aure, amma kuna buƙatar tuna cewa kuna da murya. Mata suna buƙatar sanin haƙƙinsu. * Girma yana da wahala. Ni mai tsira daga cin zarafin jima'i ne kuma na yi fama da lafiyar kwakwalwata, amma kiɗa ita ce mafakata. Ƙaunar da nake da ita ga kiɗa tana ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun hanyoyin da zan iya bayyana yadda nake ji da kuma ƙarfafa wasu. Ina so in ga ƙarin 'yan mata 'yan Liberia masu ƙarfin gwiwa don amfani da kiɗa, fasaha, da fafutukar ƙirƙira don bayyana kansu da kuma kare haƙƙinsu. Abu mafi ban tsoro a gare ni shi ne cewa wasu mutane suna shakkar cewa har ma muna da Covid-19. * Ina so kowace yarinya a Liberia ta daidaita aiki tuƙuru da zama shugabarta. Bari mu yi aiki don ganin Liberia ta zama wuri mafi kyau, domin ina ganin mu ne, mata, za mu iya yi. == Hanyoyin hadi na waje == [[:en:Faithvonic|wiki/Faithvonic]] {{INTERWIKI|Q117030517}} [[Category:Wq/ha]] o21emc8cgrp0qfdls3s5av3lnjnk44a 0 3655443 7256386 6870153 2026-07-20T09:53:32Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256386 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Farida Karoney''' ƴar ƙasar Kenya ce wadda shugaba Uhuru Kenyatta ya nada a matsayin sakatariyar filaye a ranar 26 ga watan Janairun shekarar 2018. Nan da nan kafin matsayinta na yanzu, ta yi aiki a matsayin babban jami'in gudanarwa (COO) na Royal Media Services (RMS), cibiyar watsa labarai da ta haɗa da gidajen rediyo da talabijin. Kafin wannan, ta yi aiki a matsayin Daraktan Edita na Rukuni a RMS. == Zantuka == * Ka san shi mutum ne wanda aka gina shi sosai, ya zo ya ce mini ta yaya zan rasa mukami kuma kai ne Ministan Filaye. * "Ranar da na yi tunanin Magoha zai buge ni", Tauraron (9 ga Fabrairu, 2023) * "Na gode muku duka saboda sadaukarwar ku ga manufofinmu. Bari mu wuce nisan mil; Ina tabbatar muku da nisan mil na karshe ba cunkoso ba." == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == [[:en:Farida_Karoney|Farida Karoney]] [[Category:Wq/ha]] pc073xnrm9eogmgjx1inr9x52uh2gso 0 3655495 7256475 6870441 2026-07-20T10:53:35Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256475 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fatuma Gedi''' ƴar siyasar Kenya ce daga garin Wajeer. Tsohon dan majalisar wakilai daga yankin Wajeer. Tsohuwar wakiliyar mata a gundumar Wajeer. A shekarar 2017 ta lashe kujerar ne ta hanyar jam'iyyar don ci gaba da kawo sauyi, a karkashin mulkin shugaba na hudu na Jamhuriyar Kenya, Uhuru Muigai Kenyatta. == Zantuka == * Ina tafiya tare da abokiyar aikina Ms. Wanga sai ya karbe ni ya fara kirana da wawa, cikin mintuna kadan sai ya buge ni a kumatu. * "Dan majalisa Rashid Kassim ya kai wa 'yar majalisar wakilai Fatuma Gedi hari a majalisa", The Mwakilishi (June 13, 2019) * Na gaya masa cewa an ware wa gundumar Wajeer Ksh.100million ne kawai kuma sai mun ware kudi ga yankunan da suka fi fifiko a yankin kamar ruwa da tituna amma ya ce min wannan maganar banza ce. * "Dan majalisa Rashid Kassim ya kai wa 'yar majalisar wakilai Fatuma Gedi hari a majalisa", The Mwakilishi (June 13, 2019) == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == [[:en:Fatuma_Gedi|Fatuma Gedi]] [[Category:Wq/ha]] q6l57nc2bxpb4x2lspzmbxkoon75k0m 0 3655566 7256470 6870964 2026-07-20T10:51:59Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256470 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fatuma Abdulkadir Adan''' (an haife ta c. 1978) lauya ce kuma jakadiyar zaman lafiya ta Kenya. Ita ce mai karɓar lambar yabo ta zaman lafiya ta Stuttgart. Kyautar zaman lafiya ta Stuttgart babbar girmamawa ce ga mutane ko ƙungiyoyi waɗanda suka ba da gudummawa mai mahimmanci ga zaman lafiya, adalci, da haɗin kai na duniya.[1] == Zantuka == * Mataki ɗaya a lokaci guda, na yi imani za mu iya samun ci gaba. Ana farawa da zance. * "An Haife Ni Cikakke", maƙala a globalgiving.org (Fabrairu 3, 2018) * Bari mu yi magana ta gaske yanzu. Kowace rana, za mu iya mai da hankali kan cin nasarar uwa ɗaya, ’yar’uwa ɗaya, uba ɗaya, ɗan’uwa ɗaya. Tare, ba za mu ceci ba kawai yarinya ba, amma dukan tsararraki masu zuwa. * "An Haife Ni Cikakke", maƙala a globalgiving.org (Fabrairu 3, 2018) * "Ban taba buga kwallo ba a rayuwata sai ina da shekaru 25, kuma a yau ina da hurumin amfani da kwallon kafa wajen kyautata zamantakewa." * "Yawancin mutane sun dauka cewa rayuwata za ta kare kamar sauran 'yan mata da mata daga yankin. A yau, ina rike da hannun mutane da yawa tare da su ta hanyar rayuwa mai tsauri." == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == [[:en:Fatuma_Abdulkadir_Adan|Fatuma Abdulkadir Adan]] [[Category:Wq/ha]] emgvqbrlovmt3lh494td0wka60hssge 0 3655572 7256472 6871037 2026-07-20T10:52:33Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256472 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fatuma Ali Saman''' (an haife ta a shekara ta 1968) ƴar ƙasar Kenya ce mai ilimi kuma mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin mata kuma mamba ce a hukumar sa ido kan ƴan sanda ta Kenya (KIPOA). == Zantuka == * A yau na ji dadi sosai lokacin da dalibina ya tashi da ni. Captain Jibril ya kasance dalibi mai tarbiya da mai da hankali a makarantarsa ​​ta firamare, Allah ya ba shi nasara a duniya da akidarsa (duniya da sama). == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == [[:en:Fatuma_Ali_Saman|Fatuma Ali Saman]] [[Category:Wq/ha]] t1frcegr8h1tmdr31xfn0wfz0ywpprz 0 3655934 7256345 6872883 2026-07-20T09:37:19Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256345 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Faith Ogallo''' (3 Fabrairun shekarar 1994) ƴar wasan taekwondo ƴar Kenya ce. Ta wakilci Kenya a gasar bazara ta shekarar 2020 da aka gudanar a birnin Tokyo na ƙasar Japan bayan ta samu tikitin shiga gasar neman cancantar shiga gasar Olympics da aka yi a Rabat na kasar Morocco. == Zantuka == * Wannan yana ba ni damar shawo kan su cewa ba zai yiwu ba ba kome ba ne. Mata za su iya yin mafi kyau duka a wasanni da kuma a rayuwa ta al'ada, tare da horo, girmamawa da iyakoki. Wannan kuma yana taimaka wa fannin wasan yaƙi da yaƙe-yaƙe ya ​​bunƙasa a tsakanin mata da kuma rage ra'ayoyin da ke da alaƙa da jinsi da wasanni. * Kamar yadda aka nakalto * Bani da wata damuwa ko kadan. Ina horarwa bisa ka'idodin kimiyya. Kocin taekwondo kwararre ne a fagen wasanni wanda hakan ya kara mani amfani. A lokacin horo ana koyar da ni game da yanayin sanyi, jiki, da raunin da ya faru da yadda ake sarrafa su, don haka na fahimci jikin ɗan adam don haka ina yin taka tsantsan yayin horo ta hanyar motsa jiki mai kyau. * www.newframe.com * Horon ilimin kimiyya yana taimaka mani ingantawa akan iyawa ta jiki, abubuwan motsa jiki, sassauƙa, lokacin amsawa, ƙarfi, ƙarfi, saurin gudu, daidaito da ƙarfi. * www.newframe.com * Ina sadaukar da lokaci mai yawa don tabbatar da daidaita kowane aiki. Ina rayuwa ta al'ada a wajen zobe, kamar kowane mutum. Kamar dan sanda a lokacin da yake bakin aiki da kuma baya bakin aiki. * www.newframe.com == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == [[:en:Faith_Ogallo|Faith Ogallo]] [[Category:Wq/ha]] mqb12xf7cdweqtlexju6apkn6f58lp3 0 3656827 7256388 6876596 2026-07-20T09:54:23Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256388 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Farida Mahomed''' (an haife ta 2 Fabrairu 1955) ƴar siyasar Afirka ta Kudu ce wadda ta wakilci jam'iyyar ANC ta Afirka a matsayin mai baya a majalisar dokokin ƙasar daga shekarar 1996 zuwa 2009 kuma daga baya daga 2013 zuwa 2014. == Zantuka == * Ba na son yin tsokaci kan wani abu da ban yi bincike a kansa ba. Ba zan so wani malami ya rinjaye ni ba * Ta ce a wata hira * 'Ba zan iya yin sharhi ba. Dole ne su kasance masu dacewa ko kuma ba za a taba rubuta su ba. Ba su ba da gudummawa ga zaman lafiya ba, shi ya sa ta yi tambayar. * Ta ce inabin hira == Hanya na waje == [[:en:Farida_Mahomed|Farida Mahomed]] [[Category:Wq/ha]] c2hwyko70d07nfufwfj8miehhsuu1n1 0 3657208 7256344 6877875 2026-07-20T09:36:54Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256344 wikitext text/x-wiki * [[File:Nakut Faith Loru.jpg|thumb|Faith Nakut]]'''Bangaskiyar Nakut''' kuma wacce aka fi sani da Nakut Loru Chuna ƴar siyasa ce ta Uganda da kuma memban Uganda wanda ke wakiltar gundumar Uganda a ƙarƙashin dokar adawa ta kasa. == Zantuka == * Na yi magana da ma'aikatan tsawancin kai, kuma sun tabbatar da lamarin. Na kuma bincika ni da Ministan Noma, wanda ya ce ya san shi. Yawancin yankuna na kasar nan sun shafi. * A cikin wannan lokutan, dole ne mu yi aiki da yanke hukunci lokacin da ya cancanta. Ma'aikatar Noma ta Bari Jagorori don ware dabbobi masu rashin lafiya don hana kulle-kulle-kulle, idan aka yi la'akari da mahimmancin tattalin arziki da zai samu == Hanyoyin hadi na waje == [[:en:Faith_Nakut|Faith Nakut]] {{INTERWIKI|Q105966555}} [[Category:Wq/ha]] 19nkg5u24x5kc5ixixjr6ooij109f24 0 3657413 7256346 6909589 2026-07-20T09:37:51Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256346 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Faith_Ringgold,_April_2017-1.jpg|thumb|Ringgold in 2017]] '''Faith Ringgold''' (Oktoba 8, 1930 - Afrilu 13, 2024) ta kasance mai zane, marubuciya, sculptor ta kafofin watsa labaru da kuma mai fasaha. == Zantuka == * Na gane] Ba zan iya ba da labarin ku ba, zan iya faɗi nawa kawai. Ba zan iya zama ku ba, zan iya zama ni kaɗai. *** On her artistic development in [https://www.artnews.com/art-news/artists/the-storyteller-faith-ringgold-5918/ “The Storyteller: At 85, Her Star Still Rising, Faith Ringgold Looks Back on Her Life in Art, Activism, and Education”] in ArtNews (March 1, 2006) ** Political people don’t seem to understand art…It’s not what they’re trying to do. And if it is, let them do that. Don’t tell me what to do, because I have to look at this many years from now and be happy that I did it, not unhappy. And I would be unhappy with the ‘Kill whitey.’ It’s not my thing. *** On not creating politically incendiary artwork for the Black Panthers in [https://www.artnews.com/art-news/artists/the-storyteller-faith-ringgold-5918/ “The Storyteller: At 85, Her Star Still Rising, Faith Ringgold Looks Back on Her Life in Art, Activism, and Education”] in ArtNews (March 1, 2006) * Ƴan siyasa ba su fahimci fasaha ba ... Ba abin da suke ƙoƙarin yi ba ne. Idan kuwa haka ne, to su yi haka. Kada ku gaya mani abin da zan yi, domin dole ne in kalli wannan shekaru da yawa daga yanzu kuma in yi farin ciki cewa na yi, ba rashin jin daɗi ba. Kuma ba zan ji daɗi da ‘Kill whitey ba.’ Ba abu na ba ne. * An ƙarfafa ni in duba kewaye da ni kuma in zana abin da na gani. Na zana labarina, kuma yana da kusurwoyi da yawa. Ina ƙoƙarin bayyana yadda na ga rayuwa a matsayin baƙar fata da ke zaune a Amurka, kuma na haɗa abubuwan da ba su yarda da su ba. Mutane da yawa ba sa son irin waɗannan zane-zanen da ke wakiltar Amurka ta kowace fuska, amma ina so in faɗi labarina da abin da na gani… * …Quilting wata hanyar magana ce ta fasaha wacce kuma za a iya amfani da ita don rufe mutane, don jin daɗinsu, amma wanda kuma ya haɗa ƙira don sanya su kyakkyawa… * Ina ganin sun dan yi karfin gwiwa wajen nuna alakar da ke tsakanin bakar fata da farar fata, gwagwarmayar neman 'yancin kai da 'yanci da bakar fata ke bi a lokacin 'yancin jama'a. Ya dan yi yawa da yawa yana faruwa. Gwagwarmayar abu ɗaya ce idan ka yi magana game da shi, wani abu kuma idan ka kwatanta shi. Ina son mutane ma su kalli wannan aikin su ga kansu. Ko wane bangare kuke kunna, wannan shine abin da ke faruwa… *** On her painting subjects in [https://www.npr.org/2013/12/26/257355502/the-surprising-vision-of-artist-faith-ringgold “The Surprising Vision of Artist Faith Ringgold”] in NPR (December 26, 2013) == Hanyoyin hadin waje == [[Category:Wq/ha]] tk8w37uzcui562qeh4rd9tje8ntu18b 0 3657574 7256445 6879196 2026-07-20T10:42:35Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256445 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fatima Marouan''' (an haife ta a shekarar 1952) likita ce a ƙasar Morocco, babbar jami'ar kasuwanci kuma 'yar siyasa. Daga shekarar 2002 zuwa 2005, ta jagoranci sashen Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases na Asibitin Jami'ar Ibn Rochd da ke Casablanca. Kwanan nan, a ƙarƙashin gwamnatin Firayim Minista Abdelilah Benkirane, daga Oktoban shekarar 2013 zuwa Afrilu 2017 ta yi aiki a matsayin Ministar Sana'o'i da Tattalin Arzikin Jama'a a matsayin memba na Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Kai ta Ƙasa. == Zantuka == * A yau, wannan cibiyar ba ta iya cika waɗannan ayyukan yadda ya kamata ba, tana barin wani gibin ƙungiya wanda ya yi mummunan tasiri ga ayyukan sana'o'i da kuma jan hankalin kayayyaki da ayyukan da ake bayarwa ga masu amfani. Saboda haka, rubutun yana da nufin samar da wasu kyawawan halaye na waje don makomar wannan fanni. * Fatima Marouan tana magana a lokacin wata hira * An haɗa wannan fanni da Ma'aikatar Sana'o'i kuma mun gano wani fanni mai kyau. Hakika, fannin Tattalin Arzikin Zamantakewa da Haɗin Kai (SSE), kodayake an kafa shi kwanan nan, yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin kwamitin tsara tattalin arziki da zamantakewa na ƙasar, musamman ta hanyar haɗin gwiwa, ƙungiyoyi da ƙungiyoyin haɗin gwiwa waɗanda ke aiki kusa da jama'ar da abin ya shafa. * Fatima Marouan tana magana kan mahimmancin ɓangaren tattalin arziki na zamantakewa da haɗin kai * Saboda haka, Gwamnati ta ɗauki nauyin, ta hanyar tsarin ci gaba, na haɓaka da tsara wannan ɓangaren. Ma'aikatar ta aiwatar da dabarun da aka bayyana a fannoni da dama: gyara tsarin shari'a, haɓakawa da ƙarfafa ƙarfin ƙungiyoyin ESS, tallafawa tallatawa, kafa haɗin gwiwa da masu ruwa da tsaki daban-daban don inganta daidaiton ayyuka da haɗuwa da shirye-shiryen da aka keɓe ga ɓangaren. Don haka, a ɓangaren dokoki, Ma'aikatar ta gabatar da Dokar Lamba 12.112 da ta shafi ƙungiyoyin haɗin gwiwa waɗanda Majalisar Dokoki ta amince da su a ranar 16 da 2 ga Yuli game da dokoki da suka shafi ciniki mai adalci da tattalin arzikin zamantakewa waɗanda ake nazarin su a halin yanzu. * Fatima Marouan tana magana kan kudirin da aka gabatar kwanan nan ta ɓangarenta * Hakika, mun yi imanin cewa aiwatar da wannan rubutu zai iya ƙaruwa kai tsaye da kuma a kaikaice, ta hanyar tasirin da aka haifar, rabon ɓangaren sana'o'i a cikin tattalin arzikin ƙasa. Tsarin ɓangaren da kuma amincewa da cancantar ba shakka zai sauƙaƙa fitowar sabon yanayi, wanda ya fi dacewa da aiwatar da ayyukan sana'o'i. Wannan, muna fatan, zai samar da gagarumin riba a fannin yawan aiki da kuma jan hankali ga kayan sana'o'in Morocco. * Fatima Marouan tana magana kan tasirin tsarin ɓangarenta * Manufar ita ce samar wa ƙungiyar haɗin gwiwar Morocco tsarin doka wanda yake da sassauƙa da kuma daidaito. * Fatima Marouan tana magana ne kan manufar wasu tsare-tsare a ɓangarenta == Hanyoyin Haɗin waje == [[:en:Fatima_Marouan|https//FatimaMarouan]] [[Category:Wq/ha]] ir1yivrsoxvtll6h84zmzrrl2box57g 0 3658974 7256446 6885052 2026-07-20T10:43:15Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256446 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fatima Massaquoi-Fahnbulleh''' (25 Disamba 1911 - 26 Nuwamba 1978) marubuciya ce ƴar Laberiya. Bayan ta kammala karatunta a Amurka, ta koma kasar Laberiya a shekara ta 1946, inda ta ba da gagarumar gudunmawa a harkokin al'adu da zamantakewar ƙasar. == Zantuka == * Wannan kasa mai fadi tana da komai mai kyau da mugunta. Yana da maza da mata masu tausayi, waɗanda za su iya zama masu son kai kamar yadda suke iya zama masu kirki. Akwai, a cikin kalmomin Goethe, haske mai yawa, amma kuma inuwa mai yawa. * Fatima ta ba da labarin abubuwan da ta faru a Amurka. * Amma duk da wannan, ’yanci a nan ba ya misaltuwa; Ba abin mamaki ba cewa Negro za a iya kashe, kuma duk da haka wani Negro zai iya tsayawa ya rera Ƙasa ta Tis of You. * Fatima tayi magana akan ƴanci a Amurka. * Akwai abubuwa da yawa da za mu koya daga Amurka, idan za mu iya zazzage varnish daga saman kuma mu ɗauki aikin katako wanda yake da ƙarfi kuma ba ruɓe ba. * Fatima tayi magana akan Amurka. * Magana game da Fatima Massaquoi * Ta yi magana da kanta, kuma tana ba da murya ga matan Afirka da kuma abubuwan ban mamaki da ta samu. Yana ƙin wasu hanyoyin tunani da aka yarda da su. * Tuchscherer yayi magana akan wakar fatima. == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == [[:en:Fatima_Massaquoi|Fatima Massaquoi]] [[Category:Wq/ha]] lzqx19j9964puo5imlnsph01b2hhsmt 0 3659179 7256356 6886066 2026-07-20T09:42:49Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256356 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Fala Chen (2019) 01.png|thumb|Fala Chen]] '''Fala Chen''' (Sinanci: 陳法拉) (An haife ta 24 ga Fabrairun shekarar 1982) A wasan Afirka na Amurka Hong Kong ne. Ta zama sana na ga matsayinta a cikin Hong Kong TVB Drama gami da matakai, da babu nadama, sanan nasara a cikin Ii, da kuma rayuwar tsallake. Ta kuma danta a fina-finai na Hong Kong daga duhu 2 (2013) da juyo (2009), da kuma Cantoneese na Cantbing na 3 (2017). Ta sanya ta farko ta hanyar Hoblywood a cikin ayyukan HO da ba a daidaita ba (2020) kuma sun taurare a cikin Mvel cinematm shang-chi da labari na zobba goma (2021). == Zantuka == * Ina wuce yarda da iyalina kuma ina tsammanin dangi shine abu mai mahimmanci, a cikin al'adun Asiya musamman. Wannan da gaske ya yi magana da ni da kaina, amma da fatan masu sauraron za su sake yin hakan. Ba wai kawai masu sauraro na Asiya bane, amma kuma masu sauraro daga ko'ina cikin duniya, kowa da kowa zai iya danganta da ƙaunar da ba za ku iya ba da juna da tsakanin membobin dangi da tsakanin yan uwa. Babu dangi cikakke. Duk muna da bambance-bambancen mu, rashin fahimta, da kuma sama. Ina fatan mutane na iya ganin cewa mu ne muke saboda danginmu kuma saboda zuriyarmu, da girmama hakan. * " * " * Duk abin da na taɓa so a cikin rayuwata a matsayin ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ya kasance lafiya, yanayin yanayi kawai zai zama, menene ma'anar tafiyar da shi, menene bita da zai zama kamar, menene bita da zai zama kamar. Yin aiki a cikin mafi kyawun tsari. * " * Lokacin da nake saurayi a Georgia, koyaushe ina jin kamar mai ban tsoro. Ban taɓa jin kamar na dace da ni ba Idan muka ga fim din Jackie na Jackie, za mu kalli hakan saboda yana ta'azantar da zuciya mai kama da namu. * "Fala Chen yana kawo kyautatawa ta * Amurka ta dauki ƙananan matakan ci gaba na ci gaba zuwa ƙarin haɗawa da bambanci a cikin Hollywood. Yana da kyau. Ina fatan, amma akwai ƙarin aiki da yawa da ke buƙatar aiwatarwa. * "Fala Chen yana kawo kyautatawa ta * Even while filming we knew how important it was that we get this opportunity to showcase our culture and our uniqueness, but also, as human beings, our stories, our emotions, and, at the end of the day, our humanity. * "Fala Chen yana kawo kyautatawa ta * Ina so in fasa iyakancewa don kaina a matsayin ɗan wasan kwaikwayo, inda ba batun ba da labarin kuma yi aiki mai kyau, amma don zuwa wani matakin da na ji kyauta. * "Fala Chen ta zo Amurka don nemo kanta - da rauni ana jefa shi a wani marina mai ban mamaki * A China, a zahiri a makarantar firamare, dole ne mu zauna ta wata hanya. Ba za ku iya ba == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == [[:en:Fala_Chen|Fala Chen]] {{INTERWIKI|Q707187}} [[Category:Wq/ha]] 4eggytsakao8zrbz7y8x4d7u4l6n2p2 0 3659517 7256486 6887317 2026-07-20T10:57:25Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256486 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fay King Chung''' (an haife ta a watan Maris 1941) malama ce Yar kasar Zimbabwe kuma ta kasance dan takara mai zaman kanta a zaɓen majalisar dattijai na ƙasar Zimbabwe a watan Maris na shekarar 2008. == Zantuka == * "Ta hanyar daidaita shingen karatu ta hanyar amfani da nau'ikan mu'amala na 3D mun shawo kan iyakokin da ke cikin rubutu. A lokaci guda, bambance-bambancen harshe ya zama ƙasa da mahimmanci yayin da aka maye gurbin rubutu da hotuna masu mu'amala da 3D." * Tun da farko an tsara tsarin ilimin Zimbabwe don ya wuce shekaru 20 amma yanzu an shafe sama da shekaru 40 ana amfani da shi, wanda ya sa ya tsufa. * Na yi imani da batun shi ne mun tsara tsarin da ya dace a cikin shekaru 20 na farko bayan 'yancin kai, amma yanzu an kafa shi tsawon shekaru 40. ** [https://www.newsday.co.zw/thestandard/news/article/9506/in-conversation-with-trevor-fay-chung-zims-education-system-is-outdated Fay Chung responds, "When you consider the current state of our schools, teachers, training colleges, and graduates, what comes to mind?"] * Ee, na yi imani an yi niyya ya dawwama na shekaru 20 kawai. ** [https://www.newsday.co.zw/thestandard/news/article/9506/in-conversation-with-trevor-fay-chung-zims-education-system-is-outdated Fay Chung responds, "So it was meant for 20 years, it went on for 40?] * Na yi imanin abin da ke cikin jam'iyyar ZANU PF shi ne, a lokacin gwagwarmayar 'yantar da 'yanci da kuma har zuwa lokacin da aka kafa shugaban kasa, an samu ginshiki na hankali. Koyaya, bayan lokaci, wannan tushe ya raunana. ** [https://www.newsday.co.zw/thestandard/news/article/9506/in-conversation-with-trevor-fay-chung-zims-education-system-is-outdated Fay Chung responds, "Why didn’t we pause and plan after those 20 years passed? What do you think went wrong?"] == Hanyoyin hadin waje == [[Category:Wq/ha]] m33bo7vq6ituld3zvnb9o7vjlp52gvg 0 3659738 7256437 6888331 2026-07-20T10:39:44Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256437 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fatima Ezzahra El Mansouri''' (Larabci: فاطمة الزهراء المنصوري, haifaffar 3 Janairun shekarar 1976) lauya ce 'yar Morocco kuma 'yar siyasa ce ta Jam'iyyar Gaskiya da Zamani (PAM), kuma a halin yanzu magajin garin Marrakesh da kuma Ministan Tsare-tsare na Kasa, Tsare-tsaren Birane, Gidaje da Birane. == Zantuka == * Muhimmin aikin da na yi shi ne na sake fasalin tsarin mulki. Kalubale na farko, a wannan mataki, shine sake yin la'akari da aikin gundumar da kuma fahimtar ɗan ƙasa. * Fatima Ezzahra El Mansouri ta mayar da martani ga wata tambaya game da ci gaban da ta samu tun lokacin da aka zabe ta * Mun shigo gwamnati ne ba don biyan buri na kashin kai ba, sai don mu shiga cikin gyara da aiwatar da ayyukan raya kasa iri-iri a kasarmu. * Fatima Ezzahra El Mansouri ta bayyana gamsuwarta na ganin an aiwatar da ayyukanta * Dangane da batun rabon gudanar da aikin na "Forsa" ga ministan yawon bude ido don kawo cikas ga ministan ayyuka, cewa mun tattauna a cikin majalisar gwamnati kuma mun fito da matsaya daya: Shirin gwamnati a cikin shekaru biyu masu zuwa ya hada da muhimman ayyuka guda biyu don amfanin matasa kuma ba zai yiwu ba, a cewar shugaban gwamnati, don ba wa wadannan manyan ayyuka guda biyu nauyin gudanarwa. Wannan ne ya sa shugaban gwamnati ya gwammace ya damka gudanar da kowane aiki a hannun minista, ta yadda za a tabbatar da aikin. * Fatima Ezzahra El Mansouri da take magana akan ajandar gwamnati * Kullum muna adawa ne kuma lokaci ya yi da za mu ce a fili cewa Jam’iyyar Gaskiya da Zamani tana da hangen nesa kuma tana da kwarewa da ke shirye don daukar nauyi. * Fatima Ezzahra El Mansouri da take magana akan yadda aka samu daidaito tsakanin mafi rinjayen gwamnati == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == [[:en:Fatima_Ezzahra_El_Mansouri|Fatima Ezzahra El Mansouri]] [[Category:Wq/ha]] 5j0le1vlt7pp358kdpxupbfbvc52vik 0 3660414 7256369 6890989 2026-07-20T09:47:39Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256369 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fantasia Monique Barrino''' (an Haife ta a watan Yuni 30, 1984), wacce aka sani da ƙwarewa ta hanyar sunan ta Fantasia, mawaƙiyar R&B Ba’amurke ce, marubuciya, ƴar wasa kuma marubuci. Ta yi suna a matsayin wadda ta lashe kashi na uku na jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na gaskiya na American Idol a shekarar 2004. Bayan nasarar da ta samu, ta fito da waƙoƙinta na farko mai suna "I Believe," wanda ya fito a lamba ta ɗaya a kan Billboard Hot 100. Daga baya, ta fitar da albam din ta na farko, Free Yourself, wanda RIAA ya ci gaba da zama bokan Platinum a cikin Barrins60. == Zantuka == [[Category:Wq/ha]] ssia5habr4gxxpp8qe0tkniwh3duahs 0 3660602 7256362 6891949 2026-07-20T09:45:07Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256362 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fanny Brice''' (29 Oktoba 1891 - 29 ga Mayu 'n shekarar 1951) fitaccen Yar wasan barkwanci ne kuma hamshaƙin Ƴar Amurka, mawaƙiya, wasan kwaikwayo da ƴan wasan fim kuma mai nishadantarwa. == Zantuka == * Masu sauraron ku suna ba ku duk abin da kuke buƙata. Suna gaya muku. Babu darakta da zai iya jagorantar ku kamar masu sauraro. Kuna fita kan mataki kuma kuna iya jin cewa masu sauraro ne masu juyayi. Don haka ku kwantar musu da hankali. Ina fitowa a gaban masu sauraro, watakila gidana ya kone awa daya da suka wuce, watakila mijina ya kwana a waje, amma na tsaya a can. Ina nan har yanzu Ba na motsi. Ina jiran gabatarwar. Wataƙila na yi tari. Watakila na taba kaina. Amma kafin in yi wani abu, na same su tare da ni, a can a hannuna da kuma dadi. Aikina ke nan, don in sami kwanciyar hankali, domin in suna so su firgita za su iya zama a gida su yi lissafin kuɗinsu. == Hanyoyin hadin waje == [[Category:Wq/ha]] g7ul4defkl8003g170edvkmhg7gl2s0 0 3660640 7256455 6892044 2026-07-20T10:46:28Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256455 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Fatma Karume 02 (cropped).jpg|thumb]] '''Fatma Karume''' (an haife ta 15 Yunin shekarar 1969) ƴar ƙasar Tanzaniya ce kuma lauya mai zaman kanta, 'yar gwagwarmayar da ta yi aiki a matsayin Shugabar Tanganyika Law Society (TLS) a tsakanin shekarar 2018 zuwa 2019. Ta samu wannan matsayi ne bayan ta lashe zaben shugaban kasa na jam'iyyar da aka gudanar a watan Afrilu 2018 kuma ta gaji magabacinsa Tundu_Lissu daga 1 zuwa 20. Kundin tsarin mulkin jam'iyyar TLS ya ba da damar yin shugabanci na tsawon shekara guda kacal. An zabi Rugemelez Nshala a zaben a matsayin mataimakin shugaban jam'iyyar. Don haka ya kasance shugaban TLS har zuwa 2019 Dr.Rugemeleze Nshala lokacin da aka zabe shi a matsayin sabon shugaban kasa. == Zantuka == * Lokacin da kuka shiga fada kuna buƙatar sanin wanda kuke faɗa, rawar yaƙi, da 'yancin kai na alkalin wasa. * Lokacin da doka ba ta bayyana ba, alkalin wasa ba ya cin gashin kansa, ba yaƙi ba ne, ɓata lokacinku ne ku tanadi ƙarfin ku don yaƙin da za ku iya yin nasara. * Fatma Karume * <nowiki>https://twitter.com/fatma_karume/status/1308783366725152768</nowiki> [[Category:Wq/ha]] pauhigkwg94k2zpwcr3qr3hcf06nbfj 0 3660767 7256481 6892475 2026-07-20T10:55:25Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256481 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Saint Faustyna Kowalska portrait (1931).jpg|thumb|Faustina Kowalska]] '''Maria Faustyna Kowalska''' (25 Agusta 1905 - 5 Oktoban shekarar 1938) ita cene mai ilimin Katolika da na Poland. == Zantuka == * My aiki shine zama a gaban Ubana na sama == Hanyoyin hadi na waje == [[:en:Faustina_Kowalska|Faustina_Kowalska]] {{INTERWIKI|Q18978}} [[Category:Wq/ha]] a2z8rojpg9sd3it15mwi7cfot9awt9m 0 3661654 7256459 6896393 2026-07-20T10:47:58Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256459 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Fatou Sow.jpg|thumb|Fatou Sow (sociologist)]] '''Fatou Sow''' (an haife ta a shekara ta 1941) ƙwararriyar masaniyar zamantakewa ce ta mata ƴar ƙasar Senegal wadda ta ƙware a fannin ilimin zamantakewa na jinsi. == Magana == * Na ji buƙatar amfani da gogewata, hanyar sadarwa da damar da na samu a Amurka, amma dole ne a yi ta daga wurina. Na san cewa ina da ikon, a matsayina na matashiyar mace 'yar Afirka, na ci gaba da kamfanin kula da kiɗa wanda zai kula da mawakan ƙasashen duniya. * 'Masu sake fasalin': daga Paris zuwa Bamako, manajan kiɗa Fatou Sow, Na Claude Grunitzky * Na fahimci yadda kaɗan daga cikinmu suka sami damar ci gaba a manyan sassan masana'antar. * 'Masu sake fasalin': daga Paris zuwa Bamako, manajan kiɗa Fatou Sow, Na Claude Grunitzky * Na san cewa ina da ikon, a matsayina na matashiyar mace 'yar Afirka, na ci gaba da kamfanin kula da kiɗa wanda zai kula da mawakan ƙasashen duniya. * 'Masu sake dubawa': daga Paris zuwa Bamako, manajan kiɗa Fatou Sow, Na Claude Grunitzky * Na kasance cikin ƙarni na farko na masu bincike mata 'yan Afirka waɗanda, bayan samun 'yancin kai, ba kawai suka ba da murya ga batutuwan Afirka ba, har ma da mata. Ci karo da ni a shekarun 1980, da kuma lokacin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta Mata da Nazarin Mata da sukar mata a jami'o'in Arewacin Amurka da kuma ƙungiyoyin mata daga Kudu sun ƙara wa bincike na a kan batutuwa daban-daban, tun daga batutuwan muhalli zuwa shugabancin mata, daga haƙƙin haihuwa da jima'i zuwa tasirin addini da al'adu akan zama ɗan ƙasa na mata. * Fatou Sow * A rayuwata, ina yaƙi da son zuciya da himma kuma ina ƙoƙarta wajen ƙoƙarta ƙa'idodin mata a cikin 'ya'yana. Ina samun kwarin gwiwa daga haɗin kai da haɗin kai na sauran 'yan'uwa mata masu ra'ayin mazan jiya da kuma daga muhimman ƙa'idodin gaskiya da kunya. * Fatou Sow == Hanyoyin Haɗin waje == [[:en:Fatou_Sow_(sociologist)|https://Fatou_Sow(sociologist)]] {{INTERWIKI|Q48977717}} [[Category:Wq/ha]] gt45a3kf6hk3h8yjutr57bvjnx08mk4 0 3662503 7256365 6899845 2026-07-20T09:46:22Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256365 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Frances Anne Kemble - adapted from Project Gutenberg eText 16478.jpg|thumb|Fanny Kemble]] '''Fanny Kemble''' (27 ga Nuwamban shekarar 1809 - 1893) wani shahararren dan wasan Biritaniya ne da marubuci a farkon ƙarni na sha tara. Maganganu * Kodayake Negroes suna Fet, suturta, da gida, da girman sunan 'yan Fiye da shi, da Yahudawansa, da Yahudawan Fiye da Abinci ne, suna madawwami. mallakan wanda, abin da ake so na kowane farin ciki na rayuwa ya zama mai haƙuri da cikakken jin daɗinsu ba tare da su ba.. * Ina so in yi komai a duniya da za a iya yi. * Sauki babban abu ne fa za a na kiwota * Kyakkyawan dalilai masu yawa suna haifar da kyawawan masters da kuma ambaton mutane masu kyau, ko kuma wadataccen arziki a zahiri shine kawai fifikonsu == Hanyoyin hadi na waje == [[:en:Fanny_Kemble|Fanny_Kemble]] {{INTERWIKI|Q433397}} [[Category:Wq/ha]] gh8pyx4rx99pif1lomtog62yqw8qh63 0 3662745 7256383 6900712 2026-07-20T09:52:09Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256383 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Farida Fassi FAAS''' (Larabci: فريدة الفاسي) farfesa ce a Moroko a fannin kimiyyar lissafi a Jami'ar Mohammed V da ke Rabat. Ita ce wacce ta kafa Dabarun Afirka don Aiwatar da Ilimin Kimiyyar Kimiya ta Afirka kuma memba na Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Afirka. == Zantuka == * Kuna da wayo kuma kuna iya isa ga shiga kowane fanni a cikin STEM, kuma kuna dai-dai da cancantar kasancewa cikin waɗannan fagagen kamar kowa. Bi abubuwan son ku kuma kuyi imani da kanku. * Hanyar alƙawarin don cimma daidaiton jinsi a cikin ilimin kimiyya shine don nuna wa matasa cikakkun nau'ikan sana'o'in kimiyya yayin da suke makaranta. Haɓaka da tallafawa 'yan mata don yin la'akari da sana'o'in kimiyya na iya taimaka musu su zaɓi yin nazarin ilimin kimiyya. * Samun mata a matsayi na alhaki a cibiyoyin kimiyya yana da amfani don nunawa matasa masu tasowa cewa kyakkyawan aiki a kimiyya yana yiwuwa ga mata. * Yana da mahimmanci a tabbatar da cewa kowa yana da dama iri ɗaya, ba tare da la'akari da jinsi, ƙabila ko al'ada ba. Wannan ita ce ainihin ma'anar daidaito, kuma samun buɗaɗɗen yanayi da maraba yana da mahimmanci don tallafawa bambancin * Na koyi yadda zan yaba kimiyyar da ke ba mu hanyar tunani da sanin duniya da kyau. A ko da yaushe ilimi yana burge ni, domin yana iya ba da iko ga ɗan adam ya san yadda ake bincike yanayi da amfani da makamashi, fahimtar yanayin mu kuma amfani da su don amfanin mu. * Dole ne mu rage ƙarancin mata a kimiyya ta hanyar haɓakawa da ƙarfafa sana'o'in kimiyya. Amfanin daidaiton jinsi ba kawai ga mata da 'yan mata ba ne, a'a don tabbatar da haɗin kai na ɗan adam a matsayin ginshiƙi na al'umma. * Ina da sha'awar kimiyya na gaske da ainihin buƙatu na fahimtar tubalan ginin sararin samaniya, tun daga farkonta zuwa yanayin da take ciki da kuma juyin halitta na gaba. * Math yana da wuya, Physics yana da kyau. shine mafi kyawun tsari don gina ilimin kimiyya. * Physics yana bayyana kyawun ilimin lissafi na sararin samaniya a ma'auni daga subatomic zuwa cosmological. * Na yi sha'awar Quantum Physics, wanda wata ka'ida ce ta asali a kimiyyar lissafi wacce ke bayyana yadda komai ke gudana, lura da cewa shi ne mafi kyawun bayanin da muke da shi na yanayin barbashi da ke tattare da kwayoyin halitta da kuma karfin da suke mu'amala da su. == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == [[:en:Farida_Fassi|Farida Fassi]] [[Category:Wq/ha]] bb0ou923x7j5vmtacdzr1v6j7wkcxlh 0 3663214 7256366 6902683 2026-07-20T09:46:56Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256366 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Fanta Berete 2020.jpg|thumb]] '''Fanta Berete''' (an haife ta 31 ga Yulin shekarar 1975) ƴar siyasar Faransa ce ta Renaissance wacce ta kasance memba a majalisar dokoki a mazaɓar Paris ta 12 tun daga 2022. Ta kasance mataimakiyar Olivia Grégoire wacce ta zama ministar gwamnati. == Zantuka == * Ina tsammanin cewa iyaye mata marasa aure a yau suna da nauyin da yawa da suka shafi sanar da mutumin da bazai damu da yaronsu ba. * Fanta Berete: Dalilin da ya sa ta ke goyon bayan sanya haƙƙin ziyara aiki * Kuna tambayi kanku duk tambayoyin sababbin iyaye, ku kadai ne don [amsa su] kuma ku fuskanci alƙawura * Shekaru 20 da suka gabata, kasancewa iyaye ɗaya yana da wahala har yanzu" kuma musamman saboda hukuncin wasu mutane gabaɗayan maganganun da suka yi zafi. * tun da akwai rabuwa da za a iya sarrafawa, amma har ma da rashin tausayi [...] zabin samun yaro shi kadai da gwauraye da gwauraye na Faransa [...] Hanyoyin rayuwa sun bambanta. * Akwai safiya da kuka fara ranar cikin kuka": 'Yar majalisa Fanta Bérété ta yi magana game da rayuwarta ta yau da kullun a matsayinta na uwa daya tilo, an dawo da ita ranar 06/06/2024 == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == [[:en:Fanta_Berete|Fanta Berete]] [[Category:Wq/ha]] jkx86m71h1topynd0tkoedjmu6y6q7u 0 3663908 7256487 6904775 2026-07-20T10:57:51Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256487 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Fay-Weldon Copenhagen-2008 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Fay Weldon]] '''Fay Weldon, CBE, FRSL''' (an haife ta a Franklin Birkinshaw; 22 ga Satumba 1931 - 4 ga Janairun shekarar 2023) marubuciyar marubuciya ce ta Ingila, marubuciya mai gajeren labari, marubuciyar allo kuma 'yar jarida. An ɗauki fim ɗin fim na Amurka na littafinta mai suna The Life and Loves of a She-Devil a matsayin She-Devil. Maganganu * Je zuwa aiki ka tamkar akan ƙwai. * Abin farin ciki, akwai abubuwa da yawa ga rayuwa fiye da mutuwa. Akwai abu ɗaya, almara. Za a aika haruffa dubu dubu zuwa duniya don su karkatar da lokaci daga gaba zuwa mummunan yanayi. * Sabbin Mata! Da kyar na gane su a matsayin jinsi ɗaya da ni…Suna jin daɗin komai, suna jin yunwar komai. Su ne abin da nake son zama; su ne abin da na yi aiki a gare su su zama: kuma yanzu ina ganin su, ina ƙin su. * Ina mamakin ko mai girman kai na (yi haƙuri, likitan tabin hankali) mace ce ba namiji ba, zan kasance cikin yanayi mafi kyau ko mafi muni? * Matasa musamman suna da wani abu da aka saka a cikin zama mutane nagari, kuma sai lokacin da kuke da yara ne kawai za ku fahimci cewa ba mutum nagari ba ne kwata-kwata, amma gabaɗaya mai cin zarafi ne mai son kai. * Zawarawa sukan ɓace idan mazajensu suka mutu, suna yin abin da zai ɓata musu rai, ko kuma su ga cewa sabuwar rayuwa ta taso. A nan Christchurch, abubuwa da yawa suna tasowa. * Ina son jima'i. Na sami ra'ayoyi amma maza za su ba ku duk abin da kuke so, ko ba haka ba? * Wani nau'in imani da sake amfani da shi. Amma mutum yana yarda da shi a matsayin wani nau'in taimako ga alloli. * Babu abin da ke faruwa, kuma babu abin da ke faruwa, sannan komai ya faru. == Game da Weldon == * [An buga jim kaɗan bayan rasuwar Weldon a watan Janairun 2023] Shekaru ashirin da suka wuce, an tura ni in yi hira da Weldon a gida a Hampstead, arewacin London. Mijinta na lokacin, Nick, ya amsa ƙofar kuma nan da nan ya fara tambayoyi masu tsanani. Sunana ya yi kama da wanda na saba da shi. Shin ban ba wa littafin Fay mai suna The Bulgari Connection, wani littafi da mai yin kayan ado na Italiya ya ɗauki nauyinsa ba, wani bita mai ban haushi? Uh oh. Amma ban kusa furtawa ba: Ina da aikin yi. Shin tabbas ni yake tunani? Kuma shin bitar ta yi wari sosai? Wataƙila amincin aure ya sa ta yi muni fiye da yadda take. * An fara hirar. Ni da Fay muna zaman lafiya lokacin da ƙofar ta buɗe. A cikin tafiya mijinta, a hannunsa kwafin bitar da aka tsorata, abubuwan da ya ci gaba da karantawa yayin da jikina duka ya yi ja (kodayake dole ne in yarda - guntun ƙanƙara da duk wannan - ina kuma tunanin irin kyakkyawan labarin da wannan zai yi daga baya). Game da Fay, mace da ta fahimci ɗaukar fansa, tana jin daɗin kanta sosai. "Tana da wahala sosai, ko ba haka ba?" ta ce wa Nick, tana murmushi kamar goblin. "Tana da wahala sosai. Wataƙila ba ta so hakan ba domin ba ta da jima'i a ciki." Sannan kuma: "Duba, ka kunyata yarinyar nan yanzu." Aikinsa ya gama, Nick ya bar ɗakin muka ci gaba, kamar babu abin da ya faru. == Hanyoyin hadi na waje == [[:en:Fay_Weldon|Fay_Weldon]] {{INTERWIKI|Q239501}} [[Category:Wq/ha]] 360rx50aupw7n2ulmvgb9svqgypy54f 0 3664048 7256452 6905221 2026-07-20T10:45:53Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256452 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Sen Adefemi Kila & Sen Raji Rasaki.jpg|thumb]] '''Fatimat Olufunke Raji-Rasaki''' (an haife y1 Janairun shekarar 1957) ƴar siyasan Najeriya ce, sanata kuma tsohuwar uwargidan shugaban ƙasa ta jihohin Ogun, Ondo da Legas tsakanin 1986 zuwa 1991. == Zantuka == * "Mijina yana kusa da Allah -Raji-Rasaki" (2017) * "Mijina yana kusa da Allah -Raji-Rasaki", Punch (Yuli 9, 2017) * Akwai ƙalubale da yawa da mutum zai fuskanta a yayin aikin, amma dole ne ku kasance masu juriya da jajircewa kan hukuncin da aka yanke muku. * Lokacin da na dauki nauyin kudirin doka, ina yin hakan ne da fatan zan canza kasarmu da kyau. * Kuma ko da lissafin bai yi nasara ba, ina fata zai haifar da tattaunawa da za ta sa wani abu ya canza ko gabatar da wani abu mafi kyau. * Babban kalubalen da ake fuskanta dai shi ne rashin fahimtar mafi yawan ‘yan majalisar game da irin rawar da majalisar za ta taka da kuma bukatar samun karfin tunkudewa da kuma inganta ayyukan majalisar. == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == [[:en:Fatimat_Raji-Rasaki|Fatimat Raji-Rasaki]] [[Category:Wq/ha]] caz7ls3vadx35a2zaezm4y343o2rvxg 0 3664091 7256443 6905332 2026-07-20T10:41:54Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256443 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fatima Maada Bio''' ita ce uwargidan shugaban ƙasar Saliyo. Ita ma 'yar siyasa ce, 'yar wasan kwaikwayo, marubuciya kuma mai fafutukar kare hakkin bil'adama. Kwanan nan aka zabe ta a matsayin shugabar ƙungiyar matan shugabannin kasashen Afirka (OAFLAD). == Zantuka == * Ta hanyar amincewa da iyali a matsayin tushen jin daɗin rayuwar al'umma, mun amince da muhimmiyar rawar da iyalai ke takawa wajen tsara tsara na gaba. * Karfafawa mata yana da matukar muhimmanci a wannan aiki, domin galibi suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen renon yara. * Bari mu yi amfani da wannan lokacin don ba da fifiko ga ƙarfafa iyali da ƙarfafa mata, tare da share hanyar samun kyakkyawar makoma ga Saliyo. * Hatta a lokacin yakin neman zabenmu, an samu mutanen da suka rika tambayar dalilin da ya sa nake taka rawa irin wannan? * Amma saboda ƙarfafawa na, na mai da hankali kuma na ƙudurta na tallafa wa mijina ya zama Shugabanmu Babban nasarar ba shine adadin lambobin yabo da kuke samu ba amma yawan rayuwar 'yan Afirka da kuka canza Idan kun ji wani abu mara kyau, a baya, game da Saliyo, ina nan don in sanar da ku da gaba gaɗi cewa Saliyo ita ce ƙasa mafi kyau a duniya. * Ina kira ga sauran shugabannin Afirka da su yi koyi da abin da mijina ya yi na samar da ilimi kyauta ga yara tun daga matakin firamare zuwa sakandare. == Hanyoyin hadin waje == [[Category:Wq/ha]] oqjeofqkfmz92lxh0dnobeogrknk5n0 0 3665532 7256374 6911545 2026-07-20T09:49:33Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256374 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fara Ashiru''' (an haife ta Maris 28,1991) Ita ce Wadda ta kafa kuma Shugaba ta Okra, buɗaɗɗen kayan aikin kuɗi wanda ke ba masu haɓakawa da kasuwanci damar gina samfuran dijital na keɓaɓɓu & ayyuka. A matsayinta na shugabar kuma CTO na Okra, babban mai haɗin gwiwar API fintech na farko a Afirka, tana jagorantar juyin juya halin dijital wanda ke wargaza shingen kuɗi na dogon lokaci a Najeriya da ma bayan haka. == Zantuka == * "Zan iya yin wani abu mai girma kuma mai tasiri sosai a nan." * "Akwai damar da yawa don magance matsalolin." * "Tsawon lokaci mai tsawo, Afirka ta dogara kan hanyoyin da ake shigo da su daga waje, suna biyan kuɗi don software da ayyuka - Amma kamar yadda muke cewa, 'Ee, akwai shinkafa a gida!' Kuma yanzu, akwai girgije da aka gina mana a nan, sannan kuma yana da kyau, bai fi kyau ba." * "A Okra, mun yi imani da gaske cewa dacewa ta mamaye komai, kuma wani ɓangare na manufarmu shine ci gaba da haɓaka ƙwarewar masu amfani da su tare da abubuwan da suka fi so na Bankin & Fintech ta hanyar ba da damar magina." * mun gina fasaha mai tasiri, mun yi aiki tare da wasu manyan kamfanoni a duk faɗin Nahiyar, kuma mun taimaka wa majagaba buɗaɗɗen banki a Afirka. * Tafiya ce mai ban mamaki; mun gina fasaha mai tasiri, mun yi aiki tare da wasu manyan kamfanoni a duk faɗin nahiyar, kuma mun taimaka wajen buɗe aikin banki a Afirka. == Hanya na waje == [[:en:Fara_Ashiru_Jituboh|Fara Ashiru Jituboh]] [[Category:Wq/ha]] g505ah8oht2zfj8hbfdmdq9vew3bj66 3 3666901 7256105 6917571 2026-07-20T05:42:22Z Céréales Killer 847400 Céréales Killer moved page [[User talk:Samud Renovell]] to [[User talk:Renamed user daa09fab57f20ac915aef2681703c1cd]] without leaving a redirect: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/Samud Renovell|Samud Renovell]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/Renamed user daa09fab57f20ac915aef2681703c1cd|Renamed user daa09fab57f20ac915aef2681703c1cd]]" 6917571 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float=right }} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]]. </div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 19:26, 2 December 2025 (UTC) 7i11k4njz0qyyuwg82cwqhsjf35qd34 14 3671664 7256425 7020875 2026-07-20T10:35:04Z Muhamad Izzul Fiqih 2584756 added [[Category:Wp/jax/Islam]] using [[Help:Gadget-HotCat|HotCat]] 7256425 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wp/jax/Agamo]] [[Category:Wp/jax/Islam]] {{INTERWIKI|Q100701569}} 2hq3u83v8ivzyv5z90vulgse2ofu6hq 0 3680622 7255892 6953537 2026-07-19T21:09:23Z Revibot 1236611 Bot: Fixing double redirect from [[Wp/jax/Bir Pletok]] to [[Wp/jax/Bir pletok]] 7255892 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Wp/jax/Bir pletok]] pir7yqg4naxozr3jgsa2tkbo7s2o0z0 3 3697161 7255882 7233791 2026-07-19T20:52:06Z MediaWiki message delivery 633333 /* Gentle Reminder: Share your Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 experience with us! */ new section 7255882 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float=right }} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]]. </div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 00:40, 3 February 2026 (UTC) == Thank you for joining Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026! == Dear Participant, Thank you so much for participating in the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 campaign! Whether you were writing articles or uploading photos to Wikimedia Commons, your contributions have helped share beautiful traditions, Islamic history, and cultural heritage with the rest of the world. We want to make sure next year's campaign is even better, and we need your help to do it! We would love it if you could take 3–5 minutes to fill out our quick '''Participant Feedback Form'''. * '''Link to form''': https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScw_bPHsVzpby50jc2_syJD5-mS9scnRL5BLv9UXH2tK3Mr8w/viewform Thank you again for sharing your knowledge and creativity with the Wikimedia movement. Keep an eye on your talk page and our social media for the final winner announcements soon! Happy editing, Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:13, 29 June 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:ZI_Jony/MassMessage/WLR/List/2026/Participants&oldid=30750498 --> == Gentle Reminder: Share your Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 experience with us! == Dear Participant Hope this message finds you in good health and high spirits. First of all, a massive thank you for participating in Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026! Whether you enriched Wikipedia with new articles or added beautiful photos to Wikimedia Commons, your valuable contributions have played a great role in preserving Ramadan traditions and heritage for the world to see. To help us understand your experience and improve our future campaigns, we kindly request you to share your thoughts through our short feedback form. * '''Link to form''': https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScw_bPHsVzpby50jc2_syJD5-mS9scnRL5BLv9UXH2tK3Mr8w/viewform * '''Deadline''': 31 July 2026 It will only take about 3 to 5 minutes of your time. You can tell us what you loved, what difficulties you faced, and even help us translate a short banner message into your native language for next year! Your voice matters a lot to us. Thank you once again for your wonderful contributions and for being such an active part of the Wikimedia movement. Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:52, 19 July 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:ZI_Jony/MassMessage/WLR/List/2026/Participants&oldid=30831892 --> d8jq4u88pg6rk2is2rmbj4drqrgf8te 0 3697967 7256281 7202795 2026-07-20T08:57:01Z NATURINDA FORTUNATE 2623054 Grammatical corrections 7256281 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q133502704}} '''<big>Betty Muzanira Bamukwatsa</big>''' akazaarwa ebiro bishatu(3) okwamwenda(9) rukumi rwenda nkaaga na munaana(1968).N'omuny'eishengyero omukazi owa disiturikiti ya Rukungiri omu burengyerwa-eizooba bwa [[:en:Uganda|Uganda.]] == Ebyafaayo hamwe n'obwegyese == Muzanira akazaarirwa omu kyaro kya Bwera, omu muruka gwa Rushasha, egomborora ya Nyakagyeme omuri Rujumbura constituency, omuri disiturikiti ya Rukungiri. Akazaarwa Stanley Katakara na Veronica Buhenda. Muzanira aine diguri y'okubanza omu by'obwegyese kuruga omu itendekyero erikuru erya Uganda Martyrs Nkozi.<ref name=":0">Ampurire, Paul (2018-06-01). "Who is Betty Muzanira, Rukungiri's Newly Elected Woman MP?". ''SoftPower News''. Retrieved 2025-03-23.</ref> Akeehandiikisa kutunga ebaruha y'okubanza omu by'obwegyese kuruga omu itendekyero ry'abegyesa erya Rukungiri Teachers College Nyakaina. Bwanyima akatunga dipuroma omu by'obwegyese kuruga omu itendekyero ry'abegyesa erya National Teachers' college Kakoba omuri [[Wp/nyn/Mbarara|Mbarara]].<ref name=":0" /> == Emirimo == Muzanira akatandiika omurimo gwe nk'omwegyesa kandi omukugu omuby'obwegyese, ahu yaayegyeise enkumi n'enkumi z'abeegi aha rurengo rwa nasare okumara emyaka erikurenga makumi abiri. Akashomesa omu mashomero gatari gamwe na gamwe otwariiremu eishomero rya Rukungiri Modern Primary School hamwe n'eishomero rya Rukungiri Universal Primary School, kandi akatandiikaho eishomero rye erya nasare omunkumi eibiri netano, LittleAngels Infants Primary School omuri [[Wp/nyn/Rukungiri|Rukungiri]]. Muzanira nawe akakora aha bukiiko bw'amashomero, amatendekyero g'ediini, amatendekyero g'eby'amagara hamwe n'ebitongore ebindi.<ref name=":0" /><ref>Who is who in Rukungiri Woman MP race?". ''Monitor''. 2021-01-25. Retrieved 2025-03-23.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akamanywa nka 'Omwegyesa Betty'.<ref name=":0" /> == Eby'obutegyeki == Muzanira akatandiika orugyendo rwe rw'eby'obutegyeki nk'amukuru w'entebe ya LC ya kashatu omu tawuni kanso ya Rukungiri ahagati y'omwaka enkumi eibiri nagumwe na enkumi ibiri namukaaga. Bwanyima, akahinduka omujwekyerwa wa disiturikiti arikujwekyera ekicweka kya Rwakabengo omu kanso ya munisiparite ya Rukungiri. Aha, nawe akakora nk'omuhwezi wa mukuru w'entebe y'ekibiina ky'abagambirizi b'omu ndembo aha rurengo rw'eihanga kandi obumwe akakora nk'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya Rotary club of Rukungiri. Ekiro 1 okwa mukaaga omuri 2018, Muzanira akarangirirwa nk'omukazi omukiiki omwishengyero omu kibiina kya FDC ([[Wp/nyn/Forum for Democratic Change|Forum for Democratic Change]]) bwanyima y'okusinga akaruuru k'okugarukamu.<ref>"Court upholds MP Muzanira victory". ''Monitor''. 2020-09-26. Retrieved 2025-03-23.</ref><ref>"Muzanira Finally Sworn In As Rukungiri Woman MP". ''Uganda Mirror''. 2018-06-20. Retrieved 2025-03-23.</ref> == Ebyahikirweho == * Enkumi ibiri nagumwe - Akarondwa nk'omukuru w'entebe owa LC yakashatu omu tawuni kanso ya Rukungiri * Enkumi ibiri namushanju- Akaba omujwekyerwa wa disiturikiti omu kanso ya Rukungiri * Enkumi ibiri ikumi namukaaga - Akatooranwa nk'omukazi omukiiki omwishengyero omu disiturikiti ya Rukungiri == Okuhakana == Muzanira akaba aine omu mushango omu kooti enkuru eya Kabale omuri enkumi eibiri eikumi na mukaaga ahu yabaire ari omuhababiirwe ahabw'okwiba oburuuru okwakozirwe omu karuuru ka enkumi ibiri eikumi na mukaaga. Omushango ogu gukagarurwa omu kooti enkuru kandi akaruuru kakateebwaho omuri disiturikiti ya Rukungiri.<ref>AHABWE, CONRAD (2019-01-21). "Court sets date for hearing of Rukungiri election petition - PML Daily". Retrieved 2025-03-23.</ref><ref>Team, The Observer (2018-06-01). "FDC's Muzanira wins Rukungiri Woman MP by-election". ''The Observer''. Retrieved 2025-03-23.</ref> == Amagara g'omuntu == Betty Muzanira n'efakazi aine omwana omwe == Ebyokureberaho == [[Category:Wp/nyn]] ixgxizr37y9pwh79k9g5orw61kfy6ez 0 3700692 7255822 7009964 2026-07-19T18:42:23Z Jidda3711 2577066 /* Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca */ 7255822 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q734986}} '''Olayinka Herbert Samuel Heelas Badmus Macaulay''' (14 ŋú hiya kumau apu zumu 1864--7 nu hiya tufu 1946) na ŋja ndr yuw Nigeria, siyasa, ana ndr na miya. Macaulay ŋji fiyanyi ar dra shili nga Nigerian ana dabur kur ana yuw allenji.<ref>Saheed Aderinto (2015).https://books.google.com/books?id=2QzACQAAQBAJ&q=herbert+macaulay+nigeria+politics&pg=PA27 Palgrave Macmillan. p. 27. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781137492937 </ref><ref>Kinni, Fongot Kini-Yen (2015). https://books.google.com/books?id=IMfQCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA19 </ref> ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q734986}} awnn8odvfxppusfkkyp2e9pa00mrhzt 7255823 7255822 2026-07-19T18:45:44Z Jidda3711 2577066 7255823 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrt/Databox|item=Q734986}} '''Olayinka Herbert Samuel Heelas Badmus Macaulay''' (14 ŋú hiya kumau apu zumu 1864--7 nu hiya tufu 1946) na ŋja ndr yuw Nigeria, siyasa, ana ndr na miya. Macaulay ŋji fiyanyi ar dra shili nga Nigerian ana dabur kur ana yuw allenji.<ref>Saheed Aderinto (2015).https://books.google.com/books?id=2QzACQAAQBAJ&q=herbert+macaulay+nigeria+politics&pg=PA27 Palgrave Macmillan. p. 27. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781137492937 </ref><ref>Kinni, Fongot Kini-Yen (2015). https://books.google.com/books?id=IMfQCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA19 </ref><ref>https://punchng.com/herbert-macaulays-destroyed-house-shouldve-been-historical-monument-fafowora/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Punch 26 May 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2022.</ref> ==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca== [[Category:Wp/mrt]] {{INTERWIKI|Q734986}} ir0lry4g75sqa06sdjbw7mrfrdq8jit 0 3701538 7256504 7249613 2026-07-20T11:19:00Z Rooth N 2608660 7256504 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q60643201}} '''Abigaba Cuthbert Mirembe''' (akazaarwa ebiro 24 Okwa kataano omu mwaka gwa 1975) n'omunyamutegyeki kandi inginiya omuri [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. Naajwekyera eishaaza rya Kibale omuri disiturikiti ya Kamwengye omu [[Wp/nyn/Eishengyero rya Uganda|ishengyero rya Uganda]]. Akatooranwa ahari tiketi ya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movement]] omu mwaka gwa 2017.<ref>[https://www.parliament.go.ug/mp_database/profile.php?mid=9 "Parliament of Uganda]". ''www.parliament.go.ug''. Retrieved 2019-04-24.</ref><ref>[http://parliamentwatch.ug/meeting/full-list-on-how-mps-voted-for-the-second-reading/ "Full list on how MPs voted for the second reading]". ''Parliament Watch''. 2017-12-20. Retrieved 2019-04-24.</ref><ref>acmeug (2016-05-17). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20240329021925/http://ugandajournalistsresourcecentre.com/list-members-parliament-10th-parliament-uganda/ List of Members of Parliament of the 10th Parliament of Uganda"]. ''Uganda Journalists' Resource Centre''. Archived from [http://ugandajournalistsresourcecentre.com/list-members-parliament-10th-parliament-uganda/ the original] on 2024-03-29. Retrieved 2019-04-24.</ref><ref>[https://visiblepolls.org/ug/2021-general-election/candidates/abigaba-cuthbert-mirembe-7575/ "Abigaba Cuthbert Mirembe - 2021 General Election - Visible Polls]". ''visiblepolls.org''. Retrieved 2023-02-09.</ref><ref>[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/ec-nullifies-kibale-nup-candidate-declares-rival-winner--3020322 "EC nullifies Kibale NUP candidate, declares rival winner]". ''Monitor''. 2020-11-13. Retrieved 2023-02-09.</ref><ref>[https://cbsfm.ug/electoral-commission-releases-2021-parliamentary-election-report-17-were-unapposed-in-favour-of-nrm/ "Electoral Commission releases 2021 parliamentary election report – 17 were unopposed in favour of NRM"]. ''CBS FM''. 2022-05-17. Retrieved 2023-02-09.</ref>Omu ishengyero rya ikumi na rimwe, naaheereza aha kakiiko k'eby'obwegyese n'emizaano.<ref>[https://parliamentwatch.ug/committees/committee-on-education-and-sports/ "Committee on Education and Sports – Parliament Watch]". Retrieved 2023-02-09.</ref> == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Abigaba Cuthbert Mirembe akazaarwa ebiro 24 Okwa kataano omu mwaka gwa Rukumi rwenda Nshanju ni taano Charles Mirembe hamwe n'omukazi we omuri [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]].Ishe akaba ari omwegyesa kandi nyina ari omukazi w'omuka. Akeegyera Kigezi High School, aine Dipuroma y'obwa inginia omu by'amashanyarazi, Diiguri okuruga omuri Uganda Polytechnic Kyambogo, BSc Electrical Engineering omiri [[Wp/nyn/Makerere University|eitendekyero rya Makerere]] Master’s Electrical, Electronic & Communications Engineering, [[Wp/nyn/Makerere University|Makerere University]] == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q60643201}} 5hgw79hvjugliygfvg08dspqwcsgbrk 0 3705347 7256280 7202638 2026-07-20T08:54:53Z NATURINDA FORTUNATE 2623054 Grammatical corrections 7256280 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Betty Aol Ochan''' (akazaarwa ebiro 28 Okwa ikumi na kumwe omu mwaka gwa 1958) n'omwegyesa kandi omunyabyabutegyeki omuri [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]], owaheereize nk'omwebembezi w'orubaju orurikuhakanisa Gavumenti omu ishengyero rya Uganda kuruga 'ebiro 3 Okwa munaana omu mwaka gwa 2018<ref>Otto, Alex (4 August 2018). "I Am Humble To Work With Everyone – Betty Aol Ochan". Kampala: Uganda Radio Network. Retrieved 4 August 2018.</ref>.<ref>"NUP appoints Mathias Mpuuga as Leader of Opposition in Parliament". ''Monitor''. 28 May 2021. Retrieved 3 February 2023.</ref> Akatooranwa Patrick Amuriat, omwebembezi w'ekibiina ekirikuhakanisa Gavumenti ekya [[Wp/nyn/Forum for Democratic Change|Forum for Democratic Change]] (FDC), ekirikusingayo obuhango omu ishengyero rya ikumi. Akaba ari omukiiki omwishengyero arikujwekyera disiturikiti ya [[Wp/nyn/Gulu|Gulu]] omu ishengyero rya ikumi. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Ochan akazaarwa ebiro 28 Okwa ikumi na kumwe omuri 1958. Akashoma [[Wp/nyn/Makerere University|Makerere University]], Yunivasite ya Gavumenti erikusingayo obuhango n'obukuru omuri Uganda, yamara emishomo ye ya Dipuroma omu by'obwegyese omuri 1981. == Ebyokureberaho == <references /> [[Category:Wp/nyn]] 9o14egyy0j936oq82s4z6iattfdphec 3 3708414 7255872 7233786 2026-07-19T20:52:06Z MediaWiki message delivery 633333 /* Gentle Reminder: Share your Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 experience with us! */ new section 7255872 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float=right }} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]]. </div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 16:03, 1 March 2026 (UTC) == Thank you for joining Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026! == Dear Participant, Thank you so much for participating in the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 campaign! Whether you were writing articles or uploading photos to Wikimedia Commons, your contributions have helped share beautiful traditions, Islamic history, and cultural heritage with the rest of the world. We want to make sure next year's campaign is even better, and we need your help to do it! We would love it if you could take 3–5 minutes to fill out our quick '''Participant Feedback Form'''. * '''Link to form''': https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScw_bPHsVzpby50jc2_syJD5-mS9scnRL5BLv9UXH2tK3Mr8w/viewform Thank you again for sharing your knowledge and creativity with the Wikimedia movement. Keep an eye on your talk page and our social media for the final winner announcements soon! Happy editing, Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:13, 29 June 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:ZI_Jony/MassMessage/WLR/List/2026/Participants&oldid=30750498 --> == Gentle Reminder: Share your Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 experience with us! == Dear Participant Hope this message finds you in good health and high spirits. First of all, a massive thank you for participating in Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026! Whether you enriched Wikipedia with new articles or added beautiful photos to Wikimedia Commons, your valuable contributions have played a great role in preserving Ramadan traditions and heritage for the world to see. To help us understand your experience and improve our future campaigns, we kindly request you to share your thoughts through our short feedback form. * '''Link to form''': https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScw_bPHsVzpby50jc2_syJD5-mS9scnRL5BLv9UXH2tK3Mr8w/viewform * '''Deadline''': 31 July 2026 It will only take about 3 to 5 minutes of your time. You can tell us what you loved, what difficulties you faced, and even help us translate a short banner message into your native language for next year! Your voice matters a lot to us. Thank you once again for your wonderful contributions and for being such an active part of the Wikimedia movement. Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:52, 19 July 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:ZI_Jony/MassMessage/WLR/List/2026/Participants&oldid=30831892 --> hu0pdf9q2zneqbb2ef6v2hm9vfysjfq 3 3712864 7255886 7233801 2026-07-19T20:52:07Z MediaWiki message delivery 633333 /* Gentle Reminder: Share your Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 experience with us! */ new section 7255886 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float=right }} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]]. </div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 11:29, 8 March 2026 (UTC) == Thank you for joining Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026! == Dear Participant, Thank you so much for participating in the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 campaign! Whether you were writing articles or uploading photos to Wikimedia Commons, your contributions have helped share beautiful traditions, Islamic history, and cultural heritage with the rest of the world. We want to make sure next year's campaign is even better, and we need your help to do it! We would love it if you could take 3–5 minutes to fill out our quick '''Participant Feedback Form'''. * '''Link to form''': https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScw_bPHsVzpby50jc2_syJD5-mS9scnRL5BLv9UXH2tK3Mr8w/viewform Thank you again for sharing your knowledge and creativity with the Wikimedia movement. Keep an eye on your talk page and our social media for the final winner announcements soon! Happy editing, Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:13, 29 June 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:ZI_Jony/MassMessage/WLR/List/2026/Participants&oldid=30750498 --> == Gentle Reminder: Share your Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 experience with us! == Dear Participant Hope this message finds you in good health and high spirits. First of all, a massive thank you for participating in Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026! Whether you enriched Wikipedia with new articles or added beautiful photos to Wikimedia Commons, your valuable contributions have played a great role in preserving Ramadan traditions and heritage for the world to see. To help us understand your experience and improve our future campaigns, we kindly request you to share your thoughts through our short feedback form. * '''Link to form''': https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScw_bPHsVzpby50jc2_syJD5-mS9scnRL5BLv9UXH2tK3Mr8w/viewform * '''Deadline''': 31 July 2026 It will only take about 3 to 5 minutes of your time. You can tell us what you loved, what difficulties you faced, and even help us translate a short banner message into your native language for next year! Your voice matters a lot to us. Thank you once again for your wonderful contributions and for being such an active part of the Wikimedia movement. Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:52, 19 July 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:ZI_Jony/MassMessage/WLR/List/2026/Participants&oldid=30831892 --> feirhi5ludtdinsp3y323fn3jvilvn9 3 3712871 7255878 7233799 2026-07-19T20:52:06Z MediaWiki message delivery 633333 /* Gentle Reminder: Share your Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 experience with us! */ new section 7255878 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float=right }} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]]. </div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 11:49, 8 March 2026 (UTC) == Thank you for joining Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026! == Dear Participant, Thank you so much for participating in the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 campaign! Whether you were writing articles or uploading photos to Wikimedia Commons, your contributions have helped share beautiful traditions, Islamic history, and cultural heritage with the rest of the world. We want to make sure next year's campaign is even better, and we need your help to do it! We would love it if you could take 3–5 minutes to fill out our quick '''Participant Feedback Form'''. * '''Link to form''': https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScw_bPHsVzpby50jc2_syJD5-mS9scnRL5BLv9UXH2tK3Mr8w/viewform Thank you again for sharing your knowledge and creativity with the Wikimedia movement. Keep an eye on your talk page and our social media for the final winner announcements soon! Happy editing, Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:13, 29 June 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:ZI_Jony/MassMessage/WLR/List/2026/Participants&oldid=30750498 --> == Gentle Reminder: Share your Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 experience with us! == Dear Participant Hope this message finds you in good health and high spirits. First of all, a massive thank you for participating in Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026! Whether you enriched Wikipedia with new articles or added beautiful photos to Wikimedia Commons, your valuable contributions have played a great role in preserving Ramadan traditions and heritage for the world to see. To help us understand your experience and improve our future campaigns, we kindly request you to share your thoughts through our short feedback form. * '''Link to form''': https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScw_bPHsVzpby50jc2_syJD5-mS9scnRL5BLv9UXH2tK3Mr8w/viewform * '''Deadline''': 31 July 2026 It will only take about 3 to 5 minutes of your time. You can tell us what you loved, what difficulties you faced, and even help us translate a short banner message into your native language for next year! Your voice matters a lot to us. Thank you once again for your wonderful contributions and for being such an active part of the Wikimedia movement. Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:52, 19 July 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:ZI_Jony/MassMessage/WLR/List/2026/Participants&oldid=30831892 --> iyg8bt536vwyg0bglw6wch4357mr4w1 3 3712872 7255879 7233796 2026-07-19T20:52:06Z MediaWiki message delivery 633333 /* Gentle Reminder: Share your Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 experience with us! */ new section 7255879 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float=right }} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]]. </div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 11:49, 8 March 2026 (UTC) == Thank you for joining Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026! == Dear Participant, Thank you so much for participating in the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 campaign! Whether you were writing articles or uploading photos to Wikimedia Commons, your contributions have helped share beautiful traditions, Islamic history, and cultural heritage with the rest of the world. We want to make sure next year's campaign is even better, and we need your help to do it! We would love it if you could take 3–5 minutes to fill out our quick '''Participant Feedback Form'''. * '''Link to form''': https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScw_bPHsVzpby50jc2_syJD5-mS9scnRL5BLv9UXH2tK3Mr8w/viewform Thank you again for sharing your knowledge and creativity with the Wikimedia movement. Keep an eye on your talk page and our social media for the final winner announcements soon! Happy editing, Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:13, 29 June 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:ZI_Jony/MassMessage/WLR/List/2026/Participants&oldid=30750498 --> == Gentle Reminder: Share your Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 experience with us! == Dear Participant Hope this message finds you in good health and high spirits. First of all, a massive thank you for participating in Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026! Whether you enriched Wikipedia with new articles or added beautiful photos to Wikimedia Commons, your valuable contributions have played a great role in preserving Ramadan traditions and heritage for the world to see. To help us understand your experience and improve our future campaigns, we kindly request you to share your thoughts through our short feedback form. * '''Link to form''': https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScw_bPHsVzpby50jc2_syJD5-mS9scnRL5BLv9UXH2tK3Mr8w/viewform * '''Deadline''': 31 July 2026 It will only take about 3 to 5 minutes of your time. You can tell us what you loved, what difficulties you faced, and even help us translate a short banner message into your native language for next year! Your voice matters a lot to us. Thank you once again for your wonderful contributions and for being such an active part of the Wikimedia movement. Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:52, 19 July 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:ZI_Jony/MassMessage/WLR/List/2026/Participants&oldid=30831892 --> iyg8bt536vwyg0bglw6wch4357mr4w1 3 3712873 7255874 7233797 2026-07-19T20:52:06Z MediaWiki message delivery 633333 /* Gentle Reminder: Share your Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 experience with us! */ new section 7255874 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float=right }} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]]. </div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 11:50, 8 March 2026 (UTC) == Thank you for joining Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026! == Dear Participant, Thank you so much for participating in the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 campaign! Whether you were writing articles or uploading photos to Wikimedia Commons, your contributions have helped share beautiful traditions, Islamic history, and cultural heritage with the rest of the world. We want to make sure next year's campaign is even better, and we need your help to do it! We would love it if you could take 3–5 minutes to fill out our quick '''Participant Feedback Form'''. * '''Link to form''': https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScw_bPHsVzpby50jc2_syJD5-mS9scnRL5BLv9UXH2tK3Mr8w/viewform Thank you again for sharing your knowledge and creativity with the Wikimedia movement. Keep an eye on your talk page and our social media for the final winner announcements soon! Happy editing, Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:13, 29 June 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:ZI_Jony/MassMessage/WLR/List/2026/Participants&oldid=30750498 --> == Gentle Reminder: Share your Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 experience with us! == Dear Participant Hope this message finds you in good health and high spirits. First of all, a massive thank you for participating in Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026! Whether you enriched Wikipedia with new articles or added beautiful photos to Wikimedia Commons, your valuable contributions have played a great role in preserving Ramadan traditions and heritage for the world to see. To help us understand your experience and improve our future campaigns, we kindly request you to share your thoughts through our short feedback form. * '''Link to form''': https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScw_bPHsVzpby50jc2_syJD5-mS9scnRL5BLv9UXH2tK3Mr8w/viewform * '''Deadline''': 31 July 2026 It will only take about 3 to 5 minutes of your time. You can tell us what you loved, what difficulties you faced, and even help us translate a short banner message into your native language for next year! Your voice matters a lot to us. Thank you once again for your wonderful contributions and for being such an active part of the Wikimedia movement. Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:52, 19 July 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:ZI_Jony/MassMessage/WLR/List/2026/Participants&oldid=30831892 --> mi6bk76b7eq4w2rbr7wnvj7bi24bf44 3 3712874 7255880 7233795 2026-07-19T20:52:06Z MediaWiki message delivery 633333 /* Gentle Reminder: Share your Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 experience with us! */ new section 7255880 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float=right }} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]]. </div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 11:50, 8 March 2026 (UTC) == Thank you for joining Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026! == Dear Participant, Thank you so much for participating in the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 campaign! Whether you were writing articles or uploading photos to Wikimedia Commons, your contributions have helped share beautiful traditions, Islamic history, and cultural heritage with the rest of the world. We want to make sure next year's campaign is even better, and we need your help to do it! We would love it if you could take 3–5 minutes to fill out our quick '''Participant Feedback Form'''. * '''Link to form''': https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScw_bPHsVzpby50jc2_syJD5-mS9scnRL5BLv9UXH2tK3Mr8w/viewform Thank you again for sharing your knowledge and creativity with the Wikimedia movement. Keep an eye on your talk page and our social media for the final winner announcements soon! Happy editing, Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:13, 29 June 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:ZI_Jony/MassMessage/WLR/List/2026/Participants&oldid=30750498 --> == Gentle Reminder: Share your Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 experience with us! == Dear Participant Hope this message finds you in good health and high spirits. First of all, a massive thank you for participating in Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026! Whether you enriched Wikipedia with new articles or added beautiful photos to Wikimedia Commons, your valuable contributions have played a great role in preserving Ramadan traditions and heritage for the world to see. To help us understand your experience and improve our future campaigns, we kindly request you to share your thoughts through our short feedback form. * '''Link to form''': https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScw_bPHsVzpby50jc2_syJD5-mS9scnRL5BLv9UXH2tK3Mr8w/viewform * '''Deadline''': 31 July 2026 It will only take about 3 to 5 minutes of your time. You can tell us what you loved, what difficulties you faced, and even help us translate a short banner message into your native language for next year! Your voice matters a lot to us. Thank you once again for your wonderful contributions and for being such an active part of the Wikimedia movement. Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:52, 19 July 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:ZI_Jony/MassMessage/WLR/List/2026/Participants&oldid=30831892 --> mi6bk76b7eq4w2rbr7wnvj7bi24bf44 3 3712876 7255875 7233793 2026-07-19T20:52:06Z MediaWiki message delivery 633333 /* Gentle Reminder: Share your Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 experience with us! */ new section 7255875 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float=right }} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]]. </div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 11:54, 8 March 2026 (UTC) == Thank you for joining Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026! == Dear Participant, Thank you so much for participating in the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 campaign! Whether you were writing articles or uploading photos to Wikimedia Commons, your contributions have helped share beautiful traditions, Islamic history, and cultural heritage with the rest of the world. We want to make sure next year's campaign is even better, and we need your help to do it! We would love it if you could take 3–5 minutes to fill out our quick '''Participant Feedback Form'''. * '''Link to form''': https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScw_bPHsVzpby50jc2_syJD5-mS9scnRL5BLv9UXH2tK3Mr8w/viewform Thank you again for sharing your knowledge and creativity with the Wikimedia movement. Keep an eye on your talk page and our social media for the final winner announcements soon! Happy editing, Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:13, 29 June 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:ZI_Jony/MassMessage/WLR/List/2026/Participants&oldid=30750498 --> == Gentle Reminder: Share your Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 experience with us! == Dear Participant Hope this message finds you in good health and high spirits. First of all, a massive thank you for participating in Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026! Whether you enriched Wikipedia with new articles or added beautiful photos to Wikimedia Commons, your valuable contributions have played a great role in preserving Ramadan traditions and heritage for the world to see. To help us understand your experience and improve our future campaigns, we kindly request you to share your thoughts through our short feedback form. * '''Link to form''': https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScw_bPHsVzpby50jc2_syJD5-mS9scnRL5BLv9UXH2tK3Mr8w/viewform * '''Deadline''': 31 July 2026 It will only take about 3 to 5 minutes of your time. You can tell us what you loved, what difficulties you faced, and even help us translate a short banner message into your native language for next year! Your voice matters a lot to us. Thank you once again for your wonderful contributions and for being such an active part of the Wikimedia movement. Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:52, 19 July 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:ZI_Jony/MassMessage/WLR/List/2026/Participants&oldid=30831892 --> ar6cxb7o4b32pir9etswgajtae9ovmb 3 3712881 7255883 7233798 2026-07-19T20:52:06Z MediaWiki message delivery 633333 /* Gentle Reminder: Share your Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 experience with us! */ new section 7255883 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float=right }} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]]. </div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 12:02, 8 March 2026 (UTC) == Thank you for joining Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026! == Dear Participant, Thank you so much for participating in the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 campaign! Whether you were writing articles or uploading photos to Wikimedia Commons, your contributions have helped share beautiful traditions, Islamic history, and cultural heritage with the rest of the world. We want to make sure next year's campaign is even better, and we need your help to do it! We would love it if you could take 3–5 minutes to fill out our quick '''Participant Feedback Form'''. * '''Link to form''': https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScw_bPHsVzpby50jc2_syJD5-mS9scnRL5BLv9UXH2tK3Mr8w/viewform Thank you again for sharing your knowledge and creativity with the Wikimedia movement. Keep an eye on your talk page and our social media for the final winner announcements soon! Happy editing, Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:13, 29 June 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:ZI_Jony/MassMessage/WLR/List/2026/Participants&oldid=30750498 --> == Gentle Reminder: Share your Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 experience with us! == Dear Participant Hope this message finds you in good health and high spirits. First of all, a massive thank you for participating in Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026! Whether you enriched Wikipedia with new articles or added beautiful photos to Wikimedia Commons, your valuable contributions have played a great role in preserving Ramadan traditions and heritage for the world to see. To help us understand your experience and improve our future campaigns, we kindly request you to share your thoughts through our short feedback form. * '''Link to form''': https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScw_bPHsVzpby50jc2_syJD5-mS9scnRL5BLv9UXH2tK3Mr8w/viewform * '''Deadline''': 31 July 2026 It will only take about 3 to 5 minutes of your time. You can tell us what you loved, what difficulties you faced, and even help us translate a short banner message into your native language for next year! Your voice matters a lot to us. Thank you once again for your wonderful contributions and for being such an active part of the Wikimedia movement. Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:52, 19 July 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:ZI_Jony/MassMessage/WLR/List/2026/Participants&oldid=30831892 --> 7f55pbxz344qg7zr0nsv22t04gzgxj8 3 3712882 7255876 7233802 2026-07-19T20:52:06Z MediaWiki message delivery 633333 /* Gentle Reminder: Share your Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 experience with us! */ new section 7255876 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float=right }} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]]. </div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 12:02, 8 March 2026 (UTC) == Thank you for joining Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026! == Dear Participant, Thank you so much for participating in the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 campaign! Whether you were writing articles or uploading photos to Wikimedia Commons, your contributions have helped share beautiful traditions, Islamic history, and cultural heritage with the rest of the world. We want to make sure next year's campaign is even better, and we need your help to do it! We would love it if you could take 3–5 minutes to fill out our quick '''Participant Feedback Form'''. * '''Link to form''': https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScw_bPHsVzpby50jc2_syJD5-mS9scnRL5BLv9UXH2tK3Mr8w/viewform Thank you again for sharing your knowledge and creativity with the Wikimedia movement. Keep an eye on your talk page and our social media for the final winner announcements soon! Happy editing, Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:13, 29 June 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:ZI_Jony/MassMessage/WLR/List/2026/Participants&oldid=30750498 --> == Gentle Reminder: Share your Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 experience with us! == Dear Participant Hope this message finds you in good health and high spirits. First of all, a massive thank you for participating in Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026! Whether you enriched Wikipedia with new articles or added beautiful photos to Wikimedia Commons, your valuable contributions have played a great role in preserving Ramadan traditions and heritage for the world to see. To help us understand your experience and improve our future campaigns, we kindly request you to share your thoughts through our short feedback form. * '''Link to form''': https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScw_bPHsVzpby50jc2_syJD5-mS9scnRL5BLv9UXH2tK3Mr8w/viewform * '''Deadline''': 31 July 2026 It will only take about 3 to 5 minutes of your time. You can tell us what you loved, what difficulties you faced, and even help us translate a short banner message into your native language for next year! Your voice matters a lot to us. Thank you once again for your wonderful contributions and for being such an active part of the Wikimedia movement. Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:52, 19 July 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:ZI_Jony/MassMessage/WLR/List/2026/Participants&oldid=30831892 --> 7f55pbxz344qg7zr0nsv22t04gzgxj8 3 3712884 7255877 7233790 2026-07-19T20:52:06Z MediaWiki message delivery 633333 /* Gentle Reminder: Share your Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 experience with us! */ new section 7255877 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float=right }} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]]. </div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 12:03, 8 March 2026 (UTC) == Thank you for joining Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026! == Dear Participant, Thank you so much for participating in the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 campaign! Whether you were writing articles or uploading photos to Wikimedia Commons, your contributions have helped share beautiful traditions, Islamic history, and cultural heritage with the rest of the world. We want to make sure next year's campaign is even better, and we need your help to do it! We would love it if you could take 3–5 minutes to fill out our quick '''Participant Feedback Form'''. * '''Link to form''': https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScw_bPHsVzpby50jc2_syJD5-mS9scnRL5BLv9UXH2tK3Mr8w/viewform Thank you again for sharing your knowledge and creativity with the Wikimedia movement. Keep an eye on your talk page and our social media for the final winner announcements soon! Happy editing, Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:13, 29 June 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:ZI_Jony/MassMessage/WLR/List/2026/Participants&oldid=30750498 --> == Gentle Reminder: Share your Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 experience with us! == Dear Participant Hope this message finds you in good health and high spirits. First of all, a massive thank you for participating in Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026! Whether you enriched Wikipedia with new articles or added beautiful photos to Wikimedia Commons, your valuable contributions have played a great role in preserving Ramadan traditions and heritage for the world to see. To help us understand your experience and improve our future campaigns, we kindly request you to share your thoughts through our short feedback form. * '''Link to form''': https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScw_bPHsVzpby50jc2_syJD5-mS9scnRL5BLv9UXH2tK3Mr8w/viewform * '''Deadline''': 31 July 2026 It will only take about 3 to 5 minutes of your time. You can tell us what you loved, what difficulties you faced, and even help us translate a short banner message into your native language for next year! Your voice matters a lot to us. Thank you once again for your wonderful contributions and for being such an active part of the Wikimedia movement. Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:52, 19 July 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:ZI_Jony/MassMessage/WLR/List/2026/Participants&oldid=30831892 --> 8mby2z46kdnvvewjgwlm095poo29ep3 3 3712885 7255881 7233794 2026-07-19T20:52:06Z MediaWiki message delivery 633333 /* Gentle Reminder: Share your Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 experience with us! */ new section 7255881 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float=right }} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]]. </div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 12:03, 8 March 2026 (UTC) == Thank you for joining Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026! == Dear Participant, Thank you so much for participating in the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 campaign! Whether you were writing articles or uploading photos to Wikimedia Commons, your contributions have helped share beautiful traditions, Islamic history, and cultural heritage with the rest of the world. We want to make sure next year's campaign is even better, and we need your help to do it! We would love it if you could take 3–5 minutes to fill out our quick '''Participant Feedback Form'''. * '''Link to form''': https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScw_bPHsVzpby50jc2_syJD5-mS9scnRL5BLv9UXH2tK3Mr8w/viewform Thank you again for sharing your knowledge and creativity with the Wikimedia movement. Keep an eye on your talk page and our social media for the final winner announcements soon! Happy editing, Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:13, 29 June 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:ZI_Jony/MassMessage/WLR/List/2026/Participants&oldid=30750498 --> == Gentle Reminder: Share your Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 experience with us! == Dear Participant Hope this message finds you in good health and high spirits. First of all, a massive thank you for participating in Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026! Whether you enriched Wikipedia with new articles or added beautiful photos to Wikimedia Commons, your valuable contributions have played a great role in preserving Ramadan traditions and heritage for the world to see. To help us understand your experience and improve our future campaigns, we kindly request you to share your thoughts through our short feedback form. * '''Link to form''': https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScw_bPHsVzpby50jc2_syJD5-mS9scnRL5BLv9UXH2tK3Mr8w/viewform * '''Deadline''': 31 July 2026 It will only take about 3 to 5 minutes of your time. You can tell us what you loved, what difficulties you faced, and even help us translate a short banner message into your native language for next year! Your voice matters a lot to us. Thank you once again for your wonderful contributions and for being such an active part of the Wikimedia movement. Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:52, 19 July 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:ZI_Jony/MassMessage/WLR/List/2026/Participants&oldid=30831892 --> 8mby2z46kdnvvewjgwlm095poo29ep3 3 3712893 7255873 7233789 2026-07-19T20:52:06Z MediaWiki message delivery 633333 /* Gentle Reminder: Share your Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 experience with us! */ new section 7255873 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float=right }} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]]. </div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 12:08, 8 March 2026 (UTC) == Thank you for joining Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026! == Dear Participant, Thank you so much for participating in the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 campaign! Whether you were writing articles or uploading photos to Wikimedia Commons, your contributions have helped share beautiful traditions, Islamic history, and cultural heritage with the rest of the world. We want to make sure next year's campaign is even better, and we need your help to do it! We would love it if you could take 3–5 minutes to fill out our quick '''Participant Feedback Form'''. * '''Link to form''': https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScw_bPHsVzpby50jc2_syJD5-mS9scnRL5BLv9UXH2tK3Mr8w/viewform Thank you again for sharing your knowledge and creativity with the Wikimedia movement. Keep an eye on your talk page and our social media for the final winner announcements soon! Happy editing, Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:13, 29 June 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:ZI_Jony/MassMessage/WLR/List/2026/Participants&oldid=30750498 --> == Gentle Reminder: Share your Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 experience with us! == Dear Participant Hope this message finds you in good health and high spirits. First of all, a massive thank you for participating in Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026! Whether you enriched Wikipedia with new articles or added beautiful photos to Wikimedia Commons, your valuable contributions have played a great role in preserving Ramadan traditions and heritage for the world to see. To help us understand your experience and improve our future campaigns, we kindly request you to share your thoughts through our short feedback form. * '''Link to form''': https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScw_bPHsVzpby50jc2_syJD5-mS9scnRL5BLv9UXH2tK3Mr8w/viewform * '''Deadline''': 31 July 2026 It will only take about 3 to 5 minutes of your time. You can tell us what you loved, what difficulties you faced, and even help us translate a short banner message into your native language for next year! Your voice matters a lot to us. Thank you once again for your wonderful contributions and for being such an active part of the Wikimedia movement. Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:52, 19 July 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:ZI_Jony/MassMessage/WLR/List/2026/Participants&oldid=30831892 --> 3m4s1blng3r9e4x6gz1actx743xkjcx 3 3712895 7255885 7233792 2026-07-19T20:52:06Z MediaWiki message delivery 633333 /* Gentle Reminder: Share your Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 experience with us! */ new section 7255885 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float=right }} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]]. </div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 12:10, 8 March 2026 (UTC) == Thank you for joining Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026! == Dear Participant, Thank you so much for participating in the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 campaign! Whether you were writing articles or uploading photos to Wikimedia Commons, your contributions have helped share beautiful traditions, Islamic history, and cultural heritage with the rest of the world. We want to make sure next year's campaign is even better, and we need your help to do it! We would love it if you could take 3–5 minutes to fill out our quick '''Participant Feedback Form'''. * '''Link to form''': https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScw_bPHsVzpby50jc2_syJD5-mS9scnRL5BLv9UXH2tK3Mr8w/viewform Thank you again for sharing your knowledge and creativity with the Wikimedia movement. Keep an eye on your talk page and our social media for the final winner announcements soon! Happy editing, Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:13, 29 June 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:ZI_Jony/MassMessage/WLR/List/2026/Participants&oldid=30750498 --> == Gentle Reminder: Share your Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 experience with us! == Dear Participant Hope this message finds you in good health and high spirits. First of all, a massive thank you for participating in Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026! Whether you enriched Wikipedia with new articles or added beautiful photos to Wikimedia Commons, your valuable contributions have played a great role in preserving Ramadan traditions and heritage for the world to see. To help us understand your experience and improve our future campaigns, we kindly request you to share your thoughts through our short feedback form. * '''Link to form''': https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScw_bPHsVzpby50jc2_syJD5-mS9scnRL5BLv9UXH2tK3Mr8w/viewform * '''Deadline''': 31 July 2026 It will only take about 3 to 5 minutes of your time. You can tell us what you loved, what difficulties you faced, and even help us translate a short banner message into your native language for next year! Your voice matters a lot to us. Thank you once again for your wonderful contributions and for being such an active part of the Wikimedia movement. Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:52, 19 July 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:ZI_Jony/MassMessage/WLR/List/2026/Participants&oldid=30831892 --> dug6wcm80cjhip9wpijlqe5tpxy2gm4 3 3712991 7255884 7233800 2026-07-19T20:52:06Z MediaWiki message delivery 633333 /* Gentle Reminder: Share your Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 experience with us! */ new section 7255884 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float=right }} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]]. </div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 13:14, 8 March 2026 (UTC) == Thank you for joining Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026! == Dear Participant, Thank you so much for participating in the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 campaign! Whether you were writing articles or uploading photos to Wikimedia Commons, your contributions have helped share beautiful traditions, Islamic history, and cultural heritage with the rest of the world. We want to make sure next year's campaign is even better, and we need your help to do it! We would love it if you could take 3–5 minutes to fill out our quick '''Participant Feedback Form'''. * '''Link to form''': https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScw_bPHsVzpby50jc2_syJD5-mS9scnRL5BLv9UXH2tK3Mr8w/viewform Thank you again for sharing your knowledge and creativity with the Wikimedia movement. Keep an eye on your talk page and our social media for the final winner announcements soon! Happy editing, Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:13, 29 June 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:ZI_Jony/MassMessage/WLR/List/2026/Participants&oldid=30750498 --> == Gentle Reminder: Share your Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 experience with us! == Dear Participant Hope this message finds you in good health and high spirits. First of all, a massive thank you for participating in Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026! Whether you enriched Wikipedia with new articles or added beautiful photos to Wikimedia Commons, your valuable contributions have played a great role in preserving Ramadan traditions and heritage for the world to see. To help us understand your experience and improve our future campaigns, we kindly request you to share your thoughts through our short feedback form. * '''Link to form''': https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScw_bPHsVzpby50jc2_syJD5-mS9scnRL5BLv9UXH2tK3Mr8w/viewform * '''Deadline''': 31 July 2026 It will only take about 3 to 5 minutes of your time. You can tell us what you loved, what difficulties you faced, and even help us translate a short banner message into your native language for next year! Your voice matters a lot to us. Thank you once again for your wonderful contributions and for being such an active part of the Wikimedia movement. Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:52, 19 July 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:ZI_Jony/MassMessage/WLR/List/2026/Participants&oldid=30831892 --> mffz21hbybmytktrtvrmbpbyt77ksl4 3 3736268 7255897 7087109 2026-07-19T21:10:13Z Revibot 1236611 Bot: Fixing double redirect from [[User talk:Nizzio]] to [[User talk:Noilco]] 7255897 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[User talk:Noilco]] 8iaiuu4lx0rgit2rk506aqiglef7epf 0 3737379 7256505 7249808 2026-07-20T11:20:50Z Rooth N 2608660 7256505 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q2821818}} '''Abraham Chepkirwok''' (akazarwa ebiro 18 ebyo kwa ikumi kandi kumwe omuri 1988) n'omwiruki wa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] orikwirukira omu rurengo gw'aha gati orikwetegyeka omu mita 800. Niwe aine rikodi ya Uganda omu rurengo oru rw'okwiruka, aine obudakiika 1:43.72, obu yaatungire omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri 2008 omuri Madrid. Akatunga omudaari gwa kikomo omu mpaka z'ensi yoona eza 2006 kandi yaaza omu mpaka z'ensi yoona eza Olympics eza 2008. == Amagara == Akazaarigwa omuri Kapchorwa.6 omuri 2006 akaba yairukire mita 800 omu dakiika 1:45.0, omu mpaka omuri [[Wp/nyn/Kampala|Kampala]].<ref name=":0">[https://worldathletics.org/athletes/-/14229572 Abraham Chepkirwok] at World Athletics Edit this at Wikidata. Retrieved on 28 January 2009.</ref> Aha bwire bwa kompyuta obwire bwe oburikukirayo oburungi bukaba buri endakiika 1:45.44, obu yaahikire omu mpaka omurieusden.<ref name=":1">[http://www.iaaf.org/history/WJC/season=2006/eventCode=3486/news/kind=108/newsid=35810.html "Men's 800m Final"]. IAAF.org. 18 August 2006. Retrieved 28 January 2009.</ref> Akeetaba omu mpaka z'ensi yoona eza 2006 omuri Beieijing, kandi yaasingura omudaari gwa kopa,<ref name=":2">[https://web.archive.org/web/20110723104627/http://www.pacesportsmanagement.com/athlete_profile.asp?id=226 "Athlete Profile: Chepkirwok, Abraham (UGA)]". PACE Sports Management. Archived from the original on 23 July 2011. Retrieved 28 January 2009.</ref> arikwebembera empaka kuhisya aha kicweka ky'okubanza kwonka akasingwa abairuki babiri ab'omuri Kenya aha muheru.<ref name=":1" /> Omuri sizoni y'omunda ya 2006– ebiro 07 akairuka mita 800 omu dakiika 1:46.91 omuri Stuttgart.<ref name=":0" /> Eki kikaba kiri rikodi ya Uganda ey'omunda.<ref name=":2" /> Akatandika sizoni y'aheeru obu yaasingire empaka za IAAF Grand Prix omuri Dakar.Kandi akasingura empaka za Grand Prix omuri Hengelo, kandi yaamarira omu mwanya gwa kashatu omu mpaka za Super Grand Prix omu Doha, Golden Spike Ostrava hamwe na Bislett Games.<ref name=":2" /> Bwanyima omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri 2007 akatunga obwire burungi bwa 1:44.78 omu mpaka za Grand Prix omu Athens.<ref name=":0" /> Omwanya gwa kataano omu mizaano ya [[Wp/nyn/Afirika|Afirika]] yoona<ref name=":2" /> gukakuratirwa okutaaha omu mpaka z'ensi yoona eza 2007. Chepkirwok akahika aha rurengo gw'akamariirizo, kandi omu mpaka z'amaani, ahu abairuki boona munaana baahendera omu rurengo rwa sekonda 1:47, Chepkirwok akahendera omu mwanya gwa kana na 1:47.41.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080917022959/http://osaka2007.iaaf.org/results/gender%3DM/discipline%3D800/combCode%3Dhash/roundCode%3Df/result.html "800 Metres - M - Final]". IAAF. Archived from the original on 17 September 2008. Retrieved 28 January 2009.</ref> Eki kikaba kiri sekonda 0.02 bwanyima y'okwiruka akatunga omudaari gw'ekikomo, kandi akaba ari omu maisho g'omuntu owaataahire omu mwanya gwa kataano obutikitiki 0.01 Aha muheru gw'obwire, Chepkirwok akamarira omu mwanya gwa mushanju omu mpaka z'okwiruka eza 2007 ez'ensi yoona.<ref name=":0" /> Omuri sizoni y'omunda eya 2007–08 Chepkirwok akaza omu mpaka z'ensi yoona eza 2008 World Indoor Championships.<ref name=":0" /> Akahika aha semi-fainoro, yaamara. Bwanyima akamarira omu mwanya gwa kabiri omu mpaka za Grand Prix ezaabaire omuri Madrid na Athens, kandi yaasinga empaka za Super Grand Prix ezaabaire omuri Crystal Palace, London.<ref name=":2" /> Omuri Madrid akaba yaaherize kuhikiiriza obwire bwe oburikukirayo oburungi obwa 1:43.72,<ref name=":0" /> obu nabwo ni rikodi ya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|yuganda]].<ref name=":2" /> Obu yaabaire naaza omu mizaano ya orimpiki eya 2008, Chepkirwok niwe yaabaire ari omwiruki wenka omu tiimu ya Uganda.<ref>Senfuma, Daniel; Mawerere, Namayo (15 July 2008). [http://www.iaaf.org/OLY08/news/kind=100/newsid=46146.html "Chepkirwok, Kipsiro and Kiprop head Uganda's mission to Beijing"]. IAAF.org. Retrieved 28 January 2009.</ref> Kwonka omu mpaka za mita 800 tarahikire aha kamariirizo.<ref name=":0" /> Akahendera sizooni ari omu mwanya gwa kabiri omu mpaka za 2008 World Athletics Final.<ref name=":3">Katende, Norman (20 January 2009). [https://web.archive.org/web/20090123164109/http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/30/668689 "Kipsiro favourite for award".] New Vision. Archived from the original on 2009-01-23. Retrieved 28 January 2009.</ref> Aha ntandikwa ya 2009 kikarangirirwa ngu Chepkirwok akaba ari omwe aha bazaani b'omwaka. Akahendera ari owa kabiri omu mpaka z'okwiruka, enyima ya Moses Kipsiro na Benjamin Kiplagat.<ref>[http://www.iaaf.org/news/kind=100/newsid=49020.html "Athletes honoured in Kenya and Uganda]". ''IAAF.org''. 24 January 2009. Retrieved 28 January 2009.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa kabiri omuri 2009 akataho rikodi y'omunda omu ihanga omu mita 1000, arikwiruka omu dakiika 2:18.18 omu Stuttgart. Chepkirwok naajwekyerwa PACE Sports Management, kandi naatendekwa Ricky Simms.<ref name=":2" /> == Ebyokureberaho == [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q2821818}} dzgvl0h32e9n2eb2ifva25xs56fb8z0 7256506 7256505 2026-07-20T11:22:09Z Rooth N 2608660 7256506 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q2821818}} '''Abraham Chepkirwok''' (akazarwa ebiro 18 ebyo kwa ikumi kandi kumwe omuri 1988) n'omwiruki wa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] orikwirukira omu rurengo gw'aha gati orikwetegyeka omu mita 800. Niwe aine rikodi ya Uganda omu rurengo oru rw'okwiruka, aine obudakiika 1:43.72, obu yaatungire omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri 2008 omuri Madrid. Akatunga omudaari gwa kikomo omu mpaka z'ensi yoona eza 2006 kandi yaaza omu mpaka z'ensi yoona eza Olympics eza 2008. == Amagara == Akazaarigwa omuri Kapchorwa okwamukaaga. Omuri 2006 akaba yairukire mita 800 omu dakiika 1:45.0, omu mpaka omuri [[Wp/nyn/Kampala|Kampala]].<ref name=":0">[https://worldathletics.org/athletes/-/14229572 Abraham Chepkirwok] at World Athletics Edit this at Wikidata. Retrieved on 28 January 2009.</ref> Aha bwire bwa kompyuta obwire bwe oburikukirayo oburungi bukaba buri endakiika 1:45.44, obu yaahikire omu mpaka omurieusden.<ref name=":1">[http://www.iaaf.org/history/WJC/season=2006/eventCode=3486/news/kind=108/newsid=35810.html "Men's 800m Final"]. IAAF.org. 18 August 2006. Retrieved 28 January 2009.</ref> Akeetaba omu mpaka z'ensi yoona eza 2006 omuri Beijing, kandi yaasingura omudaari gwa kopa,<ref name=":2">[https://web.archive.org/web/20110723104627/http://www.pacesportsmanagement.com/athlete_profile.asp?id=226 "Athlete Profile: Chepkirwok, Abraham (UGA)]". PACE Sports Management. Archived from the original on 23 July 2011. Retrieved 28 January 2009.</ref> arikwebembera empaka kuhisya aha kicweka ky'okubanza kwonka akasingwa abairuki babiri ab'omuri [[Wp/nyn/Kenya|Kenya]] aha muheru.<ref name=":1" /> Omuri sizoni y'omunda ya 2006– ebiro 07 akairuka mita 800 omu dakiika 1:46.91 omuri Stuttgart.<ref name=":0" /> Eki kikaba kiri rikodi ya Uganda ey'omunda.<ref name=":2" /> Akatandika sizoni y'aheeru obu yaasingire empaka za IAAF Grand Prix omuri Dakar.Kandi akasingura empaka za Grand Prix omuri Hengelo, kandi yaamarira omu mwanya gwa kashatu omu mpaka za Super Grand Prix omu Doha, Golden Spike Ostrava hamwe na Bislett Games.<ref name=":2" /> Bwanyima omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri 2007 akatunga obwire burungi bwa 1:44.78 omu mpaka za Grand Prix omu Athens.<ref name=":0" /> Omwanya gwa kataano omu mizaano ya [[Wp/nyn/Afirika|Afirika]] yoona<ref name=":2" /> gukakuratirwa okutaaha omu mpaka z'ensi yoona eza 2007. Chepkirwok akahika aha rurengo gw'akamariirizo, kandi omu mpaka z'amaani, ahu abairuki boona munaana baahendera omu rurengo rwa sekonda 1:47, Chepkirwok akahendera omu mwanya gwa kana na 1:47.41.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080917022959/http://osaka2007.iaaf.org/results/gender%3DM/discipline%3D800/combCode%3Dhash/roundCode%3Df/result.html "800 Metres - M - Final]". IAAF. Archived from the original on 17 September 2008. Retrieved 28 January 2009.</ref> Eki kikaba kiri sekonda 0.02 bwanyima y'okwiruka akatunga omudaari gw'ekikomo, kandi akaba ari omu maisho g'omuntu owaataahire omu mwanya gwa kataano obutikitiki 0.01 Aha muheru gw'obwire, Chepkirwok akamarira omu mwanya gwa mushanju omu mpaka z'okwiruka eza 2007 ez'ensi yoona.<ref name=":0" /> Omuri sizoni y'omunda eya 2007–08 Chepkirwok akaza omu mpaka z'ensi yoona eza 2008 World Indoor Championships.<ref name=":0" /> Akahika aha semi-fainoro, yaamara. Bwanyima akamarira omu mwanya gwa kabiri omu mpaka za Grand Prix ezaabaire omuri Madrid na Athens, kandi yaasinga empaka za Super Grand Prix ezaabaire omuri Crystal Palace, London.<ref name=":2" /> Omuri Madrid akaba yaaherize kuhikiiriza obwire bwe oburikukirayo oburungi obwa 1:43.72,<ref name=":0" /> obu nabwo ni rikodi ya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|yuganda]].<ref name=":2" /> Obu yaabaire naaza omu mizaano ya orimpiki eya 2008, Chepkirwok niwe yaabaire ari omwiruki wenka omu tiimu ya Uganda.<ref>Senfuma, Daniel; Mawerere, Namayo (15 July 2008). [http://www.iaaf.org/OLY08/news/kind=100/newsid=46146.html "Chepkirwok, Kipsiro and Kiprop head Uganda's mission to Beijing"]. IAAF.org. Retrieved 28 January 2009.</ref> Kwonka omu mpaka za mita 800 tarahikire aha kamariirizo.<ref name=":0" /> Akahendera sizooni ari omu mwanya gwa kabiri omu mpaka za 2008 World Athletics Final.<ref name=":3">Katende, Norman (20 January 2009). [https://web.archive.org/web/20090123164109/http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/30/668689 "Kipsiro favourite for award".] New Vision. Archived from the original on 2009-01-23. Retrieved 28 January 2009.</ref> Aha ntandikwa ya 2009 kikarangirirwa ngu Chepkirwok akaba ari omwe aha bazaani b'omwaka. Akahendera ari owa kabiri omu mpaka z'okwiruka, enyima ya Moses Kipsiro na Benjamin Kiplagat.<ref>[http://www.iaaf.org/news/kind=100/newsid=49020.html "Athletes honoured in Kenya and Uganda]". ''IAAF.org''. 24 January 2009. Retrieved 28 January 2009.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa kabiri omuri 2009 akataho rikodi y'omunda omu ihanga omu mita 1000, arikwiruka omu dakiika 2:18.18 omu Stuttgart. Chepkirwok naajwekyerwa PACE Sports Management, kandi naatendekwa Ricky Simms.<ref name=":2" /> == Ebyokureberaho == [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q2821818}} t301hsf0ao66a1v0g4uxw6vggt4hfd6 7256507 7256506 2026-07-20T11:23:48Z Rooth N 2608660 7256507 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q2821818}} '''Abraham Chepkirwok''' (akazarwa ebiro 18 ebyo kwa ikumi kandi kumwe omuri 1988) n'omwiruki wa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] orikwirukira omu rurengo gw'aha gati orikwetegyeka omu mita 800. Niwe aine rikodi ya Uganda omu rurengo oru rw'okwiruka, aine obudakiika 1:43.72, obu yaatungire omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri 2008 omuri Madrid. Akatunga omudaari gwa kikomo omu mpaka z'ensi yoona eza 2006 kandi yaaza omu mpaka z'ensi yoona eza Olympics eza 2008. == Amagara == Akazaarigwa omuri Kapchorwa okwamukaaga. Omuri 2006 akaba yairukire mita 800 omu dakiika 1:45.0, omu mpaka omuri [[Wp/nyn/Kampala|Kampala]].<ref name=":0">[https://worldathletics.org/athletes/-/14229572 Abraham Chepkirwok] at World Athletics Edit this at Wikidata. Retrieved on 28 January 2009.</ref> Aha bwire bwa kompyuta obwire bwe oburikukirayo oburungi bukaba buri endakiika 1:45.44, obu yaahikire omu mpaka omurieusden.<ref name=":1">[http://www.iaaf.org/history/WJC/season=2006/eventCode=3486/news/kind=108/newsid=35810.html "Men's 800m Final"]. IAAF.org. 18 August 2006. Retrieved 28 January 2009.</ref> Akeetaba omu mpaka z'ensi yoona eza 2006 omuri Beijing, kandi yaasingura omudaari gwa kopa,<ref name=":2">[https://web.archive.org/web/20110723104627/http://www.pacesportsmanagement.com/athlete_profile.asp?id=226 "Athlete Profile: Chepkirwok, Abraham (UGA)]". PACE Sports Management. Archived from the original on 23 July 2011. Retrieved 28 January 2009.</ref> arikwebembera empaka kuhisya aha kicweka ky'okubanza kwonka akasingwa abairuki babiri ab'omuri [[Wp/nyn/Kenya|Kenya]] aha muheru.<ref name=":1" /> Omuri sizoni y'omunda ya 2006– ebiro 07 akairuka mita 800 omu dakiika 1:46.91 omuri Stuttgart.<ref name=":0" /> Eki kikaba kiri rikodi ya Uganda ey'omunda.<ref name=":2" /> Akatandika siizoni y'aheeru obu yaasingire empaka za IAAF Grand Prix omuri Dakar. Kandi akasingura empaka za Grand Prix omuri Hengelo, kandi yaamarira omu mwanya gwa kashatu omu mpaka za Super Grand Prix omu Doha, Golden Spike Ostrava hamwe na Bislett Games.<ref name=":2" /> Bwanyima omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri 2007 akatunga obwire burungi bwa 1:44.78 omu mpaka za Grand Prix omu Athens.<ref name=":0" /> Omwanya gwa kataano omu mizaano ya [[Wp/nyn/Afirika|Afirika]] yoona<ref name=":2" /> gukakuratirwa okutaaha omu mpaka z'ensi yoona eza 2007. Chepkirwok akahika aha rurengo gw'akamariirizo, kandi omu mpaka z'amaani, ahu abairuki boona munaana baahendera omu rurengo rwa sekonda 1:47, Chepkirwok akahendera omu mwanya gwa kana na 1:47.41.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080917022959/http://osaka2007.iaaf.org/results/gender%3DM/discipline%3D800/combCode%3Dhash/roundCode%3Df/result.html "800 Metres - M - Final]". IAAF. Archived from the original on 17 September 2008. Retrieved 28 January 2009.</ref> Eki kikaba kiri sekonda 0.02 bwanyima y'okwiruka akatunga omudaari gw'ekikomo, kandi akaba ari omu maisho g'omuntu owaataahire omu mwanya gwa kataano obutikitiki 0.01 Aha muheru gw'obwire, Chepkirwok akamarira omu mwanya gwa mushanju omu mpaka z'okwiruka eza 2007 ez'ensi yoona.<ref name=":0" /> Omuri sizoni y'omunda eya 2007–08 Chepkirwok akaza omu mpaka z'ensi yoona eza 2008 World Indoor Championships.<ref name=":0" /> Akahika aha semi-fainoro, yaamara. Bwanyima akamarira omu mwanya gwa kabiri omu mpaka za Grand Prix ezaabaire omuri Madrid na Athens, kandi yaasinga empaka za Super Grand Prix ezaabaire omuri Crystal Palace, London.<ref name=":2" /> Omuri Madrid akaba yaaherize kuhikiiriza obwire bwe oburikukirayo oburungi obwa 1:43.72,<ref name=":0" /> obu nabwo ni rikodi ya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|yuganda]].<ref name=":2" /> Obu yaabaire naaza omu mizaano ya orimpiki eya 2008, Chepkirwok niwe yaabaire ari omwiruki wenka omu tiimu ya Uganda.<ref>Senfuma, Daniel; Mawerere, Namayo (15 July 2008). [http://www.iaaf.org/OLY08/news/kind=100/newsid=46146.html "Chepkirwok, Kipsiro and Kiprop head Uganda's mission to Beijing"]. IAAF.org. Retrieved 28 January 2009.</ref> Kwonka omu mpaka za mita 800 tarahikire aha kamariirizo.<ref name=":0" /> Akahendera sizooni ari omu mwanya gwa kabiri omu mpaka za 2008 World Athletics Final.<ref name=":3">Katende, Norman (20 January 2009). [https://web.archive.org/web/20090123164109/http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/30/668689 "Kipsiro favourite for award".] New Vision. Archived from the original on 2009-01-23. Retrieved 28 January 2009.</ref> Aha ntandikwa ya 2009 kikarangirirwa ngu Chepkirwok akaba ari omwe aha bazaani b'omwaka. Akahendera ari owa kabiri omu mpaka z'okwiruka, enyima ya Moses Kipsiro na Benjamin Kiplagat.<ref>[http://www.iaaf.org/news/kind=100/newsid=49020.html "Athletes honoured in Kenya and Uganda]". ''IAAF.org''. 24 January 2009. Retrieved 28 January 2009.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa kabiri omuri 2009 akataho rikodi y'omunda omu ihanga omu mita 1000, arikwiruka omu dakiika 2:18.18 omu Stuttgart. Chepkirwok naajwekyerwa PACE Sports Management, kandi naatendekwa Ricky Simms.<ref name=":2" /> == Ebihandiiko ebirikugaambwaho == [[Category:Wp/nyn]] pnjhw2gpdy2pqwq1fj3kodemim6ktfm 0 3738516 7256508 7249615 2026-07-20T11:24:48Z Rooth N 2608660 7256508 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q91}} '''Abraham Lincoln''' (akazaarwa ebiro 12 Okwa kabiri omuri 1809 – ebiro 15 Okwa kana omu 1865) akaba ari omwebembezi w'eihanga rya Amerika owa ikumi na mukaga. Akatandika kutegyeka omuri 1861 kuhisya obu yaisirwe omuri 1865. Akatwara Amerika omu rutaro rw'omunda, yaasingura amahanga agaabaire gari omu kibiina kya Confederate States kandi yaakora omurimo gw'amaani omu kumaraho obuhuuku. '''Lincoln''' akazaarirwa omu kaju k'ekishengye kimwe omuri Kentucky, akakurira aha nsharo. Akeega ahabwe kandi yaaba rooya, omunyishengyero wa lllinois, kandi omujwekyerwa wa Amerika. Aine ekiniga ahabw'ekiragiro kya Kansas–Nebraska Act ekya 1854, ekyaigwireho ebicweka by'obuhuuku, akaba omwebembezi w'ekibiina kisya ekya Republican. Akahika aha bantu baingi omu kampiini za Seneti eza 1858 kurwanisa Stephen A. Douglas Nk'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya Republican, Lincoln akaba aine kugyenda omu maisho n'ebiteekateeko by'eby'obutegyeki ebitarikushushana kuruga omu bibiina by'obutegyeki ebyabaire nibihakaniisa omu bwire bw'orutaro. Akaba ari omwebembezi w'amaani omu by'obutegyeki, kandi akaba naareeberera gye entekateeka y'amahe hamwe n'obukoryo bw'okurwaniisa, otwariiremu okuronda ba Genero hamwe n'okukoresa amahe g'omu maizi kuzibira emyanya y'amaato g'omu mashuuma.Akabinga ekiragiro kya Habeas Corpus omu kwa kana 1861, ekikorwa eki omuramuzi omukuru Roger Taney yaashangire omu kooti ya Ex parte Merryman ngu kikaba kiri eky'orukiiko rwa Congress kyonka, kandi yayetantara orutaro na Bungyereza arikukyendeeza aha nshonga ya Trent. Akaha orubazo rwa Gettysburg, orwahindukire rumwe aha rubazo orurikumanywa munonga omu byafaayo bya Amerika. Akahagira okuhindura ebiragiro bya 13 omu ngyendererwaho y'eihanga rya Amerika, ekyaretsireho okuhindura ebiragiro by'obuhuuku omuri 1865. Bwanyima y'okugaruka kutooranwa omuri 1864, akagyezaho kugarukaniisa eihanga eryabaire ritarikukwatanisa kurabira omu kugaruka kwombeka. Okwa kana ebiro 14 omuri 1865, ebiro bitaano bwanyima y'okwehayo kw'abakugu ba Confederate ahari Appomattox, Lincoln akaba ari omu muzaano aha Ford's Theatre omuri Washington, D.C., obu yaisirwe John Wilkes Booth, omushagiki wa Confederate.Lincoln naijukwa nk'omujurizi kandi omuzira w'eihanga ahabw'obwebembezi bwe omu rutaro hamwe n'amaani agu yaatairemu kurinda ekibiina hamwe n'okumaraho obuhuuku. == '''Eka hamwe n'obuto''' == == '''AMAGARA G'OBUTO''' == Abraham Lincoln akazaarirwa omu kaju k'ekishengye kimwe omuri Kentucky, okwa kabiri 12 omuri 1809, akakurira aha faamu ya Sinking Spring haihi na Hodgenville, Kentucky.Akaba ari omwijukuru wa Samuel Lincoln, omungyereza owaafurukire yaaza Massachusetts omu 1638,[4] hamwe n'eka ya Harrison eya Virginia.[c] Ishenkuru akafa kandi yaaheebwa eiziina Abraham Lincoln, yaatwara eka ye kuruga Virginia yaaza Kentucky. Omukuru w'amahe Abraham Lincoln akaitwa omu kurumbwa kw'Abahindi omuri 1786.[4] Eka ekatuura omuri Hardin County, Kentucky, omu kutandika kwa 1800.[6] Nancy naateekwateekwa kuba yaabaire ari muhara wa Lucy Hanks.[7] Thomas na Nancy bakashwerana omu Kwa mukaaga ebiro 12, 1806, kandi baaza kutuura omuri Elizabethtown, Kentucky.[8] Bakaba baine abaana bashatu: Sarah, Abraham, na Thomas; Thomas akafa akiri muto.[9] Ishe wa Lincoln akagura faamu nyingi omuri Kentucky kwonka akaba atarikubaasa kutunga ebyapa by'eitaka eryo, yaaferwa hiika z'eitaka omu ntongane z'ebiragiro.[10] Omu 1816, eka egyo ekaza Indiana, ahu ebyapa by'eitaka byabaire biri eby'obwesigwa.Bakatuura omu kibira omu kyaro kya Little Pigeon Creek Community.[12] Omu Kentucky na Indiana, Thomas akakora nk'omuhingi, omukozi w'ebibokisi, hamwe n'omubazi.Thomas na Nancy bakaba bari ba memba b'ekanisa ya Separate Baptist Church, ekibiina ky'ababuurizi abarikurwaniisa obuhuuku. Nga 5 Okwa ikumi omu 1818, Nancy akafa ahabw'oburwaire bw'amate, yaasiga Sarah ow'emyaka 11 arikureeberera eka, eyaabaire erimu ishe, Abraham ow'emyaka 9, hamwe na mwihwa wa Nancy ow'emyaka 19, Dennis Hanks.Thomas akashwera Sarah Bush Johnston, omufakazi owaabaire aine abaana bashatu, ebiro bibiri Okwa ikumi na kumwe omu 1819. == '''Okushoma n'okufuruka kuza Illinois''' == Lincoln akeegyera aha bintu bingi. Okushoma kwe okw'obutoosha kukaba kurimu okushoma kw'abashomesa abarikugyenda. Okwabaire kurimu okushoma kumara obwire bukye omuri Kentucky, ahu yaayegiire kushoma, kwonka obundi tareegiireyo kuhandiika. Bwanyima y'okufuruka yaaza Indiana aine emyaka mushanju, akaba atarikukira kuza omu ishomero, kandi akamara emyeezi etarikuhika ikumi na ebiri aine emyaka ikumi na etaano. Lincoln ku yaabaire akiri omunyeeto, ishe akaba naamwesiga munonga kukora emirimo y'omu faamu hamwe n'okwongyera aha ntaasya, arikupangisa omwojo ogu, abahingi b'omu kyanga ekyo, reero akatunga esente, nk'oku kyabaire kiri omu bwire obwo. Ku yaabaire akuzireho kakye, Lincoln hamwe na banywani be bakatunga omurimo gw'okutwara ebintu omu bwato aha nyanja kuza New Orleans, Louisiana, ahu obutare bw'abahuuku, kurugiirira aha muhandiiki w'ebyafaayo Michael Burlingame, "bwabaire nibwija kumureetera okwetomboita... Gukaba guri omurundi gw'okubanza, kwonka gutari gwa nyensya, okureeba obuhuuku arikubureeba."Omu kwezi kwa kashatu omuri 1830, ahabw'okutiina okubarukaho kw'endwara y'amate, abantu baingi omu ka ya Lincoln, otwariiremu na Abraham, bakaza omu burengyerwa-izooba bwa Illinois kandi baatuura omu Macon County.[24] Abraham akatandika kweyongyera kuba hare na Thomas, ahabw'okuba ishe akaba atarikukunda eby'obwegyese;[25] bwanyima akanga kuza aha kitanda kya ishe obu yaabaire arwaire nari aha kuziika kwe omuri 1851.[1] [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q91}} grykgwf77lan25s62l7oew2thi1kq2v 7256512 7256508 2026-07-20T11:31:42Z Rooth N 2608660 7256512 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q91}} '''Abraham Lincoln''' (akazaarwa ebiro 12 Okwa kabiri omuri 1809 – ebiro 15 Okwa kana omu 1865) akaba ari omwebembezi w'eihanga rya Amerika owa ikumi na mukaga. Akatandika kutegyeka omuri 1861 kuhisya obu yaisirwe omuri 1865. Akatwara Amerika omu rutaro rw'omunda, yaasingura amahanga agaabaire gari omu kibiina kya Confederate States kandi yaakora omurimo gw'amaani omu kumaraho obuhuuku. '''Lincoln''' akazaarirwa omu kaju k'ekishengye kimwe omuri Kentucky,<ref>McPherson, James (September 26, 2024). "Lincoln, Abraham". ''American National Biography''. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0400631|10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0400631]].</ref> akakurira aha nsharo. Akeega ahabwe kandi yaaba rooya, omunyishengyero wa lllinois, kandi omujwekyerwa wa Amerika. Aine ekiniga ahabw'ekiragiro kya Kansas–Nebraska Act ekya 1854, ekyaigwireho ebicweka by'obuhuuku, akaba omwebembezi w'ekibiina kisya ekya Republican. Akahika aha bantu baingi omu kampiini za Seneti eza 1858 kurwanisa Stephen A. Douglas Nk'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya Republican, Lincoln akaba aine kugyenda omu maisho n'ebiteekateeko by'eby'obutegyeki ebitarikushushana kuruga omu bibiina by'obutegyeki ebyabaire nibihakaniisa omu bwire bw'orutaro. Akaba ari omwebembezi w'amaani omu by'obutegyeki, kandi akaba naareeberera gye entekateeka y'amahe hamwe n'obukoryo bw'okurwaniisa, otwariiremu okuronda ba Genero hamwe n'okukoresa amahe g'omu maizi kuzibira emyanya y'amaato g'omu mashuuma.Akabinga ekiragiro kya Habeas Corpus omu kwa kana 1861, ekikorwa eki omuramuzi omukuru Roger Taney yaashangire omu kooti ya Ex parte Merryman ngu kikaba kiri eky'orukiiko rwa Congress kyonka, kandi yayetantara orutaro na Bungyereza arikukyendeeza aha nshonga ya Trent. Akaha orubazo rwa Gettysburg, orwahindukire rumwe aha rubazo orurikumanywa munonga omu byafaayo bya Amerika. Akahagira okuhindura ebiragiro bya 13 omu ngyendererwaho y'eihanga rya Amerika, ekyaretsireho okuhindura ebiragiro by'obuhuuku omuri 1865. Bwanyima y'okugaruka kutooranwa omuri 1864, akagyezaho kugarukaniisa eihanga eryabaire ritarikukwatanisa kurabira omu kugaruka kwombeka. Okwa kana ebiro 14 omuri 1865, ebiro bitaano bwanyima y'okwehayo kw'abakugu ba Confederate ahari Appomattox, Lincoln akaba ari omu muzaano aha Ford's Theatre omuri Washington, D.C., obu yaisirwe John Wilkes Booth, omushagiki wa Confederate.Lincoln naijukwa nk'omujurizi kandi omuzira w'eihanga ahabw'obwebembezi bwe omu rutaro hamwe n'amaani agu yaatairemu kurinda ekibiina hamwe n'okumaraho obuhuuku. == '''Eka hamwe n'obuto''' == == '''AMAGARA G'OBUTO''' == Abraham Lincoln akazaarirwa omu kaju k'ekishengye kimwe omuri Kentucky, okwa kabiri 12 omuri 1809, akakurira aha faamu ya Sinking Spring haihi na Hodgenville, Kentucky.Akaba ari omwijukuru wa Samuel Lincoln, omungyereza owaafurukire yaaza Massachusetts omu 1638,[4] hamwe n'eka ya Harrison eya Virginia.[c] Ishenkuru akafa kandi yaaheebwa eiziina Abraham Lincoln, yaatwara eka ye kuruga Virginia yaaza Kentucky. Omukuru w'amahe Abraham Lincoln akaitwa omu kurumbwa kw'Abahindi omuri 1786.[4] Eka ekatuura omuri Hardin County, Kentucky, omu kutandika kwa 1800.[6] Nancy naateekwateekwa kuba yaabaire ari muhara wa Lucy Hanks.[7] Thomas na Nancy bakashwerana omu Kwa mukaaga ebiro 12, 1806, kandi baaza kutuura omuri Elizabethtown, Kentucky.[8] Bakaba baine abaana bashatu: Sarah, Abraham, na Thomas; Thomas akafa akiri muto.[9] Ishe wa Lincoln akagura faamu nyingi omuri Kentucky kwonka akaba atarikubaasa kutunga ebyapa by'eitaka eryo, yaaferwa hiika z'eitaka omu ntongane z'ebiragiro.[10] Omu 1816, eka egyo ekaza Indiana, ahu ebyapa by'eitaka byabaire biri eby'obwesigwa.Bakatuura omu kibira omu kyaro kya Little Pigeon Creek Community.[12] Omu Kentucky na Indiana, Thomas akakora nk'omuhingi, omukozi w'ebibokisi, hamwe n'omubazi.Thomas na Nancy bakaba bari ba memba b'ekanisa ya Separate Baptist Church, ekibiina ky'ababuurizi abarikurwaniisa obuhuuku. Nga 5 Okwa ikumi omu 1818, Nancy akafa ahabw'oburwaire bw'amate, yaasiga Sarah ow'emyaka 11 arikureeberera eka, eyaabaire erimu ishe, Abraham ow'emyaka 9, hamwe na mwihwa wa Nancy ow'emyaka 19, Dennis Hanks.Thomas akashwera Sarah Bush Johnston, omufakazi owaabaire aine abaana bashatu, ebiro bibiri Okwa ikumi na kumwe omu 1819. == '''Okushoma n'okufuruka kuza Illinois''' == Lincoln akeegyera aha bintu bingi. Okushoma kwe okw'obutoosha kukaba kurimu okushoma kw'abashomesa abarikugyenda. Okwabaire kurimu okushoma kumara obwire bukye omuri Kentucky, ahu yaayegiire kushoma, kwonka obundi tareegiireyo kuhandiika. Bwanyima y'okufuruka yaaza Indiana aine emyaka mushanju, akaba atarikukira kuza omu ishomero, kandi akamara emyeezi etarikuhika ikumi na ebiri aine emyaka ikumi na etaano. Lincoln ku yaabaire akiri omunyeeto, ishe akaba naamwesiga munonga kukora emirimo y'omu faamu hamwe n'okwongyera aha ntaasya, arikupangisa omwojo ogu, abahingi b'omu kyanga ekyo, reero akatunga esente, nk'oku kyabaire kiri omu bwire obwo. Ku yaabaire akuzireho kakye, Lincoln hamwe na banywani be bakatunga omurimo gw'okutwara ebintu omu bwato aha nyanja kuza New Orleans, Louisiana, ahu obutare bw'abahuuku, kurugiirira aha muhandiiki w'ebyafaayo Michael Burlingame, "bwabaire nibwija kumureetera okwetomboita... Gukaba guri omurundi gw'okubanza, kwonka gutari gwa nyensya, okureeba obuhuuku arikubureeba."Omu kwezi kwa kashatu omuri 1830, ahabw'okutiina okubarukaho kw'endwara y'amate, abantu baingi omu ka ya Lincoln, otwariiremu na Abraham, bakaza omu burengyerwa-izooba bwa Illinois kandi baatuura omu Macon County.[24] Abraham akatandika kweyongyera kuba hare na Thomas, ahabw'okuba ishe akaba atarikukunda eby'obwegyese;[25] bwanyima akanga kuza aha kitanda kya ishe obu yaabaire arwaire nari aha kuziika kwe omuri 1851.[1] [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q91}} 9qq9faqh2udr4ys73ttg9bpu1cbt86n 7256513 7256512 2026-07-20T11:33:53Z Rooth N 2608660 7256513 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q91}} '''Abraham Lincoln''' (akazaarwa ebiro 12 Okwa kabiri omuri 1809 – ebiro 15 Okwa kana omu 1865) akaba ari omwebembezi w'eihanga rya Amerika owa ikumi na mukaga. Akatandika kutegyeka omuri 1861 kuhisya obu yaisirwe omuri 1865. Akatwara Amerika omu rutaro rw'omunda, yaasingura amahanga agaabaire gari omu kibiina kya Confederate States kandi yaakora omurimo gw'amaani omu kumaraho obuhuuku. '''Lincoln''' akazaarirwa omu kaju k'ekishengye kimwe omuri Kentucky,<ref>McPherson, James (September 26, 2024). "Lincoln, Abraham". ''American National Biography''. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0400631|10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0400631]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFDonald1996|Donald 1996]], pp.&#x20;20–22.</ref> akakurira aha nsharo. Akeega ahabwe kandi yaaba rooya, omunyishengyero wa lllinois, kandi omujwekyerwa wa Amerika. Aine ekiniga ahabw'ekiragiro kya Kansas–Nebraska Act ekya 1854, ekyaigwireho ebicweka by'obuhuuku, akaba omwebembezi w'ekibiina kisya ekya Republican. Akahika aha bantu baingi omu kampiini za Seneti eza 1858 kurwanisa Stephen A. Douglas Nk'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya Republican, Lincoln akaba aine kugyenda omu maisho n'ebiteekateeko by'eby'obutegyeki ebitarikushushana kuruga omu bibiina by'obutegyeki ebyabaire nibihakaniisa omu bwire bw'orutaro. Akaba ari omwebembezi w'amaani omu by'obutegyeki, kandi akaba naareeberera gye entekateeka y'amahe hamwe n'obukoryo bw'okurwaniisa, otwariiremu okuronda ba Genero hamwe n'okukoresa amahe g'omu maizi kuzibira emyanya y'amaato g'omu mashuuma.Akabinga ekiragiro kya Habeas Corpus omu kwa kana 1861, ekikorwa eki omuramuzi omukuru Roger Taney yaashangire omu kooti ya Ex parte Merryman ngu kikaba kiri eky'orukiiko rwa Congress kyonka, kandi yayetantara orutaro na Bungyereza arikukyendeeza aha nshonga ya Trent. Akaha orubazo rwa Gettysburg, orwahindukire rumwe aha rubazo orurikumanywa munonga omu byafaayo bya Amerika. Akahagira okuhindura ebiragiro bya 13 omu ngyendererwaho y'eihanga rya Amerika, ekyaretsireho okuhindura ebiragiro by'obuhuuku omuri 1865. Bwanyima y'okugaruka kutooranwa omuri 1864, akagyezaho kugarukaniisa eihanga eryabaire ritarikukwatanisa kurabira omu kugaruka kwombeka. Okwa kana ebiro 14 omuri 1865, ebiro bitaano bwanyima y'okwehayo kw'abakugu ba Confederate ahari Appomattox, Lincoln akaba ari omu muzaano aha Ford's Theatre omuri Washington, D.C., obu yaisirwe John Wilkes Booth, omushagiki wa Confederate.Lincoln naijukwa nk'omujurizi kandi omuzira w'eihanga ahabw'obwebembezi bwe omu rutaro hamwe n'amaani agu yaatairemu kurinda ekibiina hamwe n'okumaraho obuhuuku. == '''Eka hamwe n'obuto''' == == '''AMAGARA G'OBUTO''' == Abraham Lincoln akazaarirwa omu kaju k'ekishengye kimwe omuri Kentucky, okwa kabiri 12 omuri 1809, akakurira aha faamu ya Sinking Spring haihi na Hodgenville, Kentucky.Akaba ari omwijukuru wa Samuel Lincoln, omungyereza owaafurukire yaaza Massachusetts omu 1638,[4] hamwe n'eka ya Harrison eya Virginia.[c] Ishenkuru akafa kandi yaaheebwa eiziina Abraham Lincoln, yaatwara eka ye kuruga Virginia yaaza Kentucky. Omukuru w'amahe Abraham Lincoln akaitwa omu kurumbwa kw'Abahindi omuri 1786.[4] Eka ekatuura omuri Hardin County, Kentucky, omu kutandika kwa 1800.[6] Nancy naateekwateekwa kuba yaabaire ari muhara wa Lucy Hanks.[7] Thomas na Nancy bakashwerana omu Kwa mukaaga ebiro 12, 1806, kandi baaza kutuura omuri Elizabethtown, Kentucky.[8] Bakaba baine abaana bashatu: Sarah, Abraham, na Thomas; Thomas akafa akiri muto.[9] Ishe wa Lincoln akagura faamu nyingi omuri Kentucky kwonka akaba atarikubaasa kutunga ebyapa by'eitaka eryo, yaaferwa hiika z'eitaka omu ntongane z'ebiragiro.[10] Omu 1816, eka egyo ekaza Indiana, ahu ebyapa by'eitaka byabaire biri eby'obwesigwa.Bakatuura omu kibira omu kyaro kya Little Pigeon Creek Community.[12] Omu Kentucky na Indiana, Thomas akakora nk'omuhingi, omukozi w'ebibokisi, hamwe n'omubazi.Thomas na Nancy bakaba bari ba memba b'ekanisa ya Separate Baptist Church, ekibiina ky'ababuurizi abarikurwaniisa obuhuuku. Nga 5 Okwa ikumi omu 1818, Nancy akafa ahabw'oburwaire bw'amate, yaasiga Sarah ow'emyaka 11 arikureeberera eka, eyaabaire erimu ishe, Abraham ow'emyaka 9, hamwe na mwihwa wa Nancy ow'emyaka 19, Dennis Hanks.Thomas akashwera Sarah Bush Johnston, omufakazi owaabaire aine abaana bashatu, ebiro bibiri Okwa ikumi na kumwe omu 1819. == '''Okushoma n'okufuruka kuza Illinois''' == Lincoln akeegyera aha bintu bingi. Okushoma kwe okw'obutoosha kukaba kurimu okushoma kw'abashomesa abarikugyenda. Okwabaire kurimu okushoma kumara obwire bukye omuri Kentucky, ahu yaayegiire kushoma, kwonka obundi tareegiireyo kuhandiika. Bwanyima y'okufuruka yaaza Indiana aine emyaka mushanju, akaba atarikukira kuza omu ishomero, kandi akamara emyeezi etarikuhika ikumi na ebiri aine emyaka ikumi na etaano. Lincoln ku yaabaire akiri omunyeeto, ishe akaba naamwesiga munonga kukora emirimo y'omu faamu hamwe n'okwongyera aha ntaasya, arikupangisa omwojo ogu, abahingi b'omu kyanga ekyo, reero akatunga esente, nk'oku kyabaire kiri omu bwire obwo. Ku yaabaire akuzireho kakye, Lincoln hamwe na banywani be bakatunga omurimo gw'okutwara ebintu omu bwato aha nyanja kuza New Orleans, Louisiana, ahu obutare bw'abahuuku, kurugiirira aha muhandiiki w'ebyafaayo Michael Burlingame, "bwabaire nibwija kumureetera okwetomboita... Gukaba guri omurundi gw'okubanza, kwonka gutari gwa nyensya, okureeba obuhuuku arikubureeba."Omu kwezi kwa kashatu omuri 1830, ahabw'okutiina okubarukaho kw'endwara y'amate, abantu baingi omu ka ya Lincoln, otwariiremu na Abraham, bakaza omu burengyerwa-izooba bwa Illinois kandi baatuura omu Macon County.[24] Abraham akatandika kweyongyera kuba hare na Thomas, ahabw'okuba ishe akaba atarikukunda eby'obwegyese;[25] bwanyima akanga kuza aha kitanda kya ishe obu yaabaire arwaire nari aha kuziika kwe omuri 1851.[1] [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q91}} qcstah8n1s8wbzm72irte3f56k0vf3b 7256515 7256513 2026-07-20T11:37:59Z Rooth N 2608660 7256515 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q91}} '''Abraham Lincoln''' (akazaarwa ebiro 12 Okwa kabiri omuri 1809 – ebiro 15 Okwa kana omu 1865) akaba ari omwebembezi w'eihanga rya Amerika owa ikumi na mukaga. Akatandika kutegyeka omuri 1861 kuhisya obu yaisirwe omuri 1865. Akatwara Amerika omu rutaro rw'omunda, yaasingura amahanga agaabaire gari omu kibiina kya Confederate States kandi yaakora omurimo gw'amaani omu kumaraho obuhuuku. '''Lincoln''' akazaarirwa omu kaju k'ekishengye kimwe omuri Kentucky,<ref>McPherson, James (September 26, 2024). "Lincoln, Abraham". ''American National Biography''. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0400631|10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0400631]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFDonald1996|Donald 1996]], pp.&#x20;20–22.</ref> akakurira aha nsharo. Abraham Lincoln akakurira aha faamu ya Sinking Spring hamwe na Knob Creek haihi na Hodgenville, Kentucky. Akeega ahabwe kandi yaaba rooya, omunyishengyero wa lllinois, kandi omujwekyerwa wa Amerika. Aine ekiniga ahabw'ekiragiro kya Kansas–Nebraska Act ekya 1854, ekyaigwireho ebicweka by'obuhuuku, akaba omwebembezi w'ekibiina kisya ekya Republican. Akahika aha bantu baingi omu kampiini za Seneti eza 1858 kurwanisa Stephen A. Douglas Nk'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya Republican, Lincoln akaba aine kugyenda omu maisho n'ebiteekateeko by'eby'obutegyeki ebitarikushushana kuruga omu bibiina by'obutegyeki ebyabaire nibihakaniisa omu bwire bw'orutaro. Akaba ari omwebembezi w'amaani omu by'obutegyeki, kandi akaba naareeberera gye entekateeka y'amahe hamwe n'obukoryo bw'okurwaniisa, otwariiremu okuronda ba Genero hamwe n'okukoresa amahe g'omu maizi kuzibira emyanya y'amaato g'omu mashuuma.Akabinga ekiragiro kya Habeas Corpus omu kwa kana 1861, ekikorwa eki omuramuzi omukuru Roger Taney yaashangire omu kooti ya Ex parte Merryman ngu kikaba kiri eky'orukiiko rwa Congress kyonka, kandi yayetantara orutaro na Bungyereza arikukyendeeza aha nshonga ya Trent. Akaha orubazo rwa Gettysburg, orwahindukire rumwe aha rubazo orurikumanywa munonga omu byafaayo bya Amerika. Akahagira okuhindura ebiragiro bya 13 omu ngyendererwaho y'eihanga rya Amerika, ekyaretsireho okuhindura ebiragiro by'obuhuuku omuri 1865. Bwanyima y'okugaruka kutooranwa omuri 1864, akagyezaho kugarukaniisa eihanga eryabaire ritarikukwatanisa kurabira omu kugaruka kwombeka. Okwa kana ebiro 14 omuri 1865, ebiro bitaano bwanyima y'okwehayo kw'abakugu ba Confederate ahari Appomattox, Lincoln akaba ari omu muzaano aha Ford's Theatre omuri Washington, D.C., obu yaisirwe John Wilkes Booth, omushagiki wa Confederate.Lincoln naijukwa nk'omujurizi kandi omuzira w'eihanga ahabw'obwebembezi bwe omu rutaro hamwe n'amaani agu yaatairemu kurinda ekibiina hamwe n'okumaraho obuhuuku. == '''Eka hamwe n'obuto''' == == '''AMAGARA G'OBUTO''' == Abraham Lincoln akazaarirwa omu kaju k'ekishengye kimwe omuri Kentucky, okwa kabiri 12 omuri 1809, akakurira aha faamu ya Sinking Spring haihi na Hodgenville, Kentucky.Akaba ari omwijukuru wa Samuel Lincoln, omungyereza owaafurukire yaaza Massachusetts omu 1638,[4] hamwe n'eka ya Harrison eya Virginia.[c] Ishenkuru akafa kandi yaaheebwa eiziina Abraham Lincoln, yaatwara eka ye kuruga Virginia yaaza Kentucky. Omukuru w'amahe Abraham Lincoln akaitwa omu kurumbwa kw'Abahindi omuri 1786.[4] Eka ekatuura omuri Hardin County, Kentucky, omu kutandika kwa 1800.[6] Nancy naateekwateekwa kuba yaabaire ari muhara wa Lucy Hanks.[7] Thomas na Nancy bakashwerana omu Kwa mukaaga ebiro 12, 1806, kandi baaza kutuura omuri Elizabethtown, Kentucky.[8] Bakaba baine abaana bashatu: Sarah, Abraham, na Thomas; Thomas akafa akiri muto.[9] Ishe wa Lincoln akagura faamu nyingi omuri Kentucky kwonka akaba atarikubaasa kutunga ebyapa by'eitaka eryo, yaaferwa hiika z'eitaka omu ntongane z'ebiragiro.[10] Omu 1816, eka egyo ekaza Indiana, ahu ebyapa by'eitaka byabaire biri eby'obwesigwa.Bakatuura omu kibira omu kyaro kya Little Pigeon Creek Community.[12] Omu Kentucky na Indiana, Thomas akakora nk'omuhingi, omukozi w'ebibokisi, hamwe n'omubazi.Thomas na Nancy bakaba bari ba memba b'ekanisa ya Separate Baptist Church, ekibiina ky'ababuurizi abarikurwaniisa obuhuuku. Nga 5 Okwa ikumi omu 1818, Nancy akafa ahabw'oburwaire bw'amate, yaasiga Sarah ow'emyaka 11 arikureeberera eka, eyaabaire erimu ishe, Abraham ow'emyaka 9, hamwe na mwihwa wa Nancy ow'emyaka 19, Dennis Hanks.Thomas akashwera Sarah Bush Johnston, omufakazi owaabaire aine abaana bashatu, ebiro bibiri Okwa ikumi na kumwe omu 1819. == '''Okushoma n'okufuruka kuza Illinois''' == Lincoln akeegyera aha bintu bingi. Okushoma kwe okw'obutoosha kukaba kurimu okushoma kw'abashomesa abarikugyenda. Okwabaire kurimu okushoma kumara obwire bukye omuri Kentucky, ahu yaayegiire kushoma, kwonka obundi tareegiireyo kuhandiika. Bwanyima y'okufuruka yaaza Indiana aine emyaka mushanju, akaba atarikukira kuza omu ishomero, kandi akamara emyeezi etarikuhika ikumi na ebiri aine emyaka ikumi na etaano. Lincoln ku yaabaire akiri omunyeeto, ishe akaba naamwesiga munonga kukora emirimo y'omu faamu hamwe n'okwongyera aha ntaasya, arikupangisa omwojo ogu, abahingi b'omu kyanga ekyo, reero akatunga esente, nk'oku kyabaire kiri omu bwire obwo. Ku yaabaire akuzireho kakye, Lincoln hamwe na banywani be bakatunga omurimo gw'okutwara ebintu omu bwato aha nyanja kuza New Orleans, Louisiana, ahu obutare bw'abahuuku, kurugiirira aha muhandiiki w'ebyafaayo Michael Burlingame, "bwabaire nibwija kumureetera okwetomboita... Gukaba guri omurundi gw'okubanza, kwonka gutari gwa nyensya, okureeba obuhuuku arikubureeba."Omu kwezi kwa kashatu omuri 1830, ahabw'okutiina okubarukaho kw'endwara y'amate, abantu baingi omu ka ya Lincoln, otwariiremu na Abraham, bakaza omu burengyerwa-izooba bwa Illinois kandi baatuura omu Macon County.[24] Abraham akatandika kweyongyera kuba hare na Thomas, ahabw'okuba ishe akaba atarikukunda eby'obwegyese;[25] bwanyima akanga kuza aha kitanda kya ishe obu yaabaire arwaire nari aha kuziika kwe omuri 1851.[1] [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q91}} dqpvcyhxeh77gabc02kfexxud6d3enz 7256516 7256515 2026-07-20T11:39:05Z Rooth N 2608660 7256516 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q91}} '''Abraham Lincoln''' (akazaarwa ebiro 12 Okwa kabiri omuri 1809 – ebiro 15 Okwa kana omu 1865) akaba ari omwebembezi w'eihanga rya Amerika owa ikumi na mukaga. Akatandika kutegyeka omuri 1861 kuhisya obu yaisirwe omuri 1865. Akatwara Amerika omu rutaro rw'omunda, yaasingura amahanga agaabaire gari omu kibiina kya Confederate States kandi yaakora omurimo gw'amaani omu kumaraho obuhuuku. '''Lincoln''' akazaarirwa omu kaju k'ekishengye kimwe omuri Kentucky,<ref>McPherson, James (September 26, 2024). "Lincoln, Abraham". ''American National Biography''. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0400631|10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0400631]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFDonald1996|Donald 1996]], pp.&#x20;20–22.</ref> akakurira aha nsharo. Abraham Lincoln akakurira aha faamu ya Sinking Spring hamwe na Knob Creek haihi na Hodgenville, Kentucky. Omwana wa kabiri owa Thomas Lincoln na Nancy Hanks Lincoln, akaba ari mwijukuru wa Samuel Lincoln, Omungyereza owafurukire akaza Massachusetts omuri 1637[4]. (Abraham Lincoln akagira ngu Samuel Lincoln "akaruga Norwich, England, omuri 1638".)[5] Akeega ahabwe kandi yaaba rooya, omunyishengyero wa lllinois, kandi omujwekyerwa wa Amerika. Aine ekiniga ahabw'ekiragiro kya Kansas–Nebraska Act ekya 1854, ekyaigwireho ebicweka by'obuhuuku, akaba omwebembezi w'ekibiina kisya ekya Republican. Akahika aha bantu baingi omu kampiini za Seneti eza 1858 kurwanisa Stephen A. Douglas Nk'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya Republican, Lincoln akaba aine kugyenda omu maisho n'ebiteekateeko by'eby'obutegyeki ebitarikushushana kuruga omu bibiina by'obutegyeki ebyabaire nibihakaniisa omu bwire bw'orutaro. Akaba ari omwebembezi w'amaani omu by'obutegyeki, kandi akaba naareeberera gye entekateeka y'amahe hamwe n'obukoryo bw'okurwaniisa, otwariiremu okuronda ba Genero hamwe n'okukoresa amahe g'omu maizi kuzibira emyanya y'amaato g'omu mashuuma.Akabinga ekiragiro kya Habeas Corpus omu kwa kana 1861, ekikorwa eki omuramuzi omukuru Roger Taney yaashangire omu kooti ya Ex parte Merryman ngu kikaba kiri eky'orukiiko rwa Congress kyonka, kandi yayetantara orutaro na Bungyereza arikukyendeeza aha nshonga ya Trent. Akaha orubazo rwa Gettysburg, orwahindukire rumwe aha rubazo orurikumanywa munonga omu byafaayo bya Amerika. Akahagira okuhindura ebiragiro bya 13 omu ngyendererwaho y'eihanga rya Amerika, ekyaretsireho okuhindura ebiragiro by'obuhuuku omuri 1865. Bwanyima y'okugaruka kutooranwa omuri 1864, akagyezaho kugarukaniisa eihanga eryabaire ritarikukwatanisa kurabira omu kugaruka kwombeka. Okwa kana ebiro 14 omuri 1865, ebiro bitaano bwanyima y'okwehayo kw'abakugu ba Confederate ahari Appomattox, Lincoln akaba ari omu muzaano aha Ford's Theatre omuri Washington, D.C., obu yaisirwe John Wilkes Booth, omushagiki wa Confederate.Lincoln naijukwa nk'omujurizi kandi omuzira w'eihanga ahabw'obwebembezi bwe omu rutaro hamwe n'amaani agu yaatairemu kurinda ekibiina hamwe n'okumaraho obuhuuku. == '''Eka hamwe n'obuto''' == == '''AMAGARA G'OBUTO''' == Abraham Lincoln akazaarirwa omu kaju k'ekishengye kimwe omuri Kentucky, okwa kabiri 12 omuri 1809, akakurira aha faamu ya Sinking Spring haihi na Hodgenville, Kentucky.Akaba ari omwijukuru wa Samuel Lincoln, omungyereza owaafurukire yaaza Massachusetts omu 1638,[4] hamwe n'eka ya Harrison eya Virginia.[c] Ishenkuru akafa kandi yaaheebwa eiziina Abraham Lincoln, yaatwara eka ye kuruga Virginia yaaza Kentucky. Omukuru w'amahe Abraham Lincoln akaitwa omu kurumbwa kw'Abahindi omuri 1786.[4] Eka ekatuura omuri Hardin County, Kentucky, omu kutandika kwa 1800.[6] Nancy naateekwateekwa kuba yaabaire ari muhara wa Lucy Hanks.[7] Thomas na Nancy bakashwerana omu Kwa mukaaga ebiro 12, 1806, kandi baaza kutuura omuri Elizabethtown, Kentucky.[8] Bakaba baine abaana bashatu: Sarah, Abraham, na Thomas; Thomas akafa akiri muto.[9] Ishe wa Lincoln akagura faamu nyingi omuri Kentucky kwonka akaba atarikubaasa kutunga ebyapa by'eitaka eryo, yaaferwa hiika z'eitaka omu ntongane z'ebiragiro.[10] Omu 1816, eka egyo ekaza Indiana, ahu ebyapa by'eitaka byabaire biri eby'obwesigwa.Bakatuura omu kibira omu kyaro kya Little Pigeon Creek Community.[12] Omu Kentucky na Indiana, Thomas akakora nk'omuhingi, omukozi w'ebibokisi, hamwe n'omubazi.Thomas na Nancy bakaba bari ba memba b'ekanisa ya Separate Baptist Church, ekibiina ky'ababuurizi abarikurwaniisa obuhuuku. Nga 5 Okwa ikumi omu 1818, Nancy akafa ahabw'oburwaire bw'amate, yaasiga Sarah ow'emyaka 11 arikureeberera eka, eyaabaire erimu ishe, Abraham ow'emyaka 9, hamwe na mwihwa wa Nancy ow'emyaka 19, Dennis Hanks.Thomas akashwera Sarah Bush Johnston, omufakazi owaabaire aine abaana bashatu, ebiro bibiri Okwa ikumi na kumwe omu 1819. == '''Okushoma n'okufuruka kuza Illinois''' == Lincoln akeegyera aha bintu bingi. Okushoma kwe okw'obutoosha kukaba kurimu okushoma kw'abashomesa abarikugyenda. Okwabaire kurimu okushoma kumara obwire bukye omuri Kentucky, ahu yaayegiire kushoma, kwonka obundi tareegiireyo kuhandiika. Bwanyima y'okufuruka yaaza Indiana aine emyaka mushanju, akaba atarikukira kuza omu ishomero, kandi akamara emyeezi etarikuhika ikumi na ebiri aine emyaka ikumi na etaano. Lincoln ku yaabaire akiri omunyeeto, ishe akaba naamwesiga munonga kukora emirimo y'omu faamu hamwe n'okwongyera aha ntaasya, arikupangisa omwojo ogu, abahingi b'omu kyanga ekyo, reero akatunga esente, nk'oku kyabaire kiri omu bwire obwo. Ku yaabaire akuzireho kakye, Lincoln hamwe na banywani be bakatunga omurimo gw'okutwara ebintu omu bwato aha nyanja kuza New Orleans, Louisiana, ahu obutare bw'abahuuku, kurugiirira aha muhandiiki w'ebyafaayo Michael Burlingame, "bwabaire nibwija kumureetera okwetomboita... Gukaba guri omurundi gw'okubanza, kwonka gutari gwa nyensya, okureeba obuhuuku arikubureeba."Omu kwezi kwa kashatu omuri 1830, ahabw'okutiina okubarukaho kw'endwara y'amate, abantu baingi omu ka ya Lincoln, otwariiremu na Abraham, bakaza omu burengyerwa-izooba bwa Illinois kandi baatuura omu Macon County.[24] Abraham akatandika kweyongyera kuba hare na Thomas, ahabw'okuba ishe akaba atarikukunda eby'obwegyese;[25] bwanyima akanga kuza aha kitanda kya ishe obu yaabaire arwaire nari aha kuziika kwe omuri 1851.[1] [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q91}} aigl1eeiuy0od0mw3rwoau3vtyzgz15 7256517 7256516 2026-07-20T11:43:01Z Rooth N 2608660 7256517 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q91}} '''Abraham Lincoln''' (akazaarwa ebiro 12 Okwa kabiri omuri 1809 – ebiro 15 Okwa kana omu 1865) akaba ari omwebembezi w'eihanga rya Amerika owa ikumi na mukaga. Akatandika kutegyeka omuri 1861 kuhisya obu yaisirwe omuri 1865. Akatwara Amerika omu rutaro rw'omunda, yaasingura amahanga agaabaire gari omu kibiina kya Confederate States kandi yaakora omurimo gw'amaani omu kumaraho obuhuuku. '''Lincoln''' akazaarirwa omu kaju k'ekishengye kimwe omuri Kentucky,<ref>McPherson, James (September 26, 2024). "Lincoln, Abraham". ''American National Biography''. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0400631|10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0400631]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFDonald1996|Donald 1996]], pp.&#x20;20–22.</ref> akakurira aha nsharo. Abraham Lincoln akakurira aha faamu ya Sinking Spring hamwe na Knob Creek haihi na Hodgenville, Kentucky. Omwana wa kabiri owa Thomas Lincoln na Nancy Hanks Lincoln, akaba ari mwijukuru wa Samuel Lincoln, Omungyereza owafurukire akaza Massachusetts omuri 1637[4]. (Abraham Lincoln akagira ngu Samuel Lincoln "akaruga Norwich, England, omuri 1638".)[5] Ishenkuru, n'orikwetererwa eiziina rye, Kapiteeni Abraham Lincoln, akafurura eka kuruga Virginia kuza Kentucky. Kapiteeni akaitwa omu kurumbwa kw'Abamerika abarikuruga omu mahanga agandi omuri 1786.[6] Eka egyo ekatuura omuri Hardin County, Kentucky, aha ntandikwa y'emyaka ya 1800.[7] Nancy naateekwateekwa kuba akaba ari muhara wa Lucy Hanks.[8] Akeega ahabwe kandi yaaba rooya, omunyishengyero wa lllinois, kandi omujwekyerwa wa Amerika. Aine ekiniga ahabw'ekiragiro kya Kansas–Nebraska Act ekya 1854, ekyaigwireho ebicweka by'obuhuuku, akaba omwebembezi w'ekibiina kisya ekya Republican. Akahika aha bantu baingi omu kampiini za Seneti eza 1858 kurwanisa Stephen A. Douglas Nk'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya Republican, Lincoln akaba aine kugyenda omu maisho n'ebiteekateeko by'eby'obutegyeki ebitarikushushana kuruga omu bibiina by'obutegyeki ebyabaire nibihakaniisa omu bwire bw'orutaro. Akaba ari omwebembezi w'amaani omu by'obutegyeki, kandi akaba naareeberera gye entekateeka y'amahe hamwe n'obukoryo bw'okurwaniisa, otwariiremu okuronda ba Genero hamwe n'okukoresa amahe g'omu maizi kuzibira emyanya y'amaato g'omu mashuuma.Akabinga ekiragiro kya Habeas Corpus omu kwa kana 1861, ekikorwa eki omuramuzi omukuru Roger Taney yaashangire omu kooti ya Ex parte Merryman ngu kikaba kiri eky'orukiiko rwa Congress kyonka, kandi yayetantara orutaro na Bungyereza arikukyendeeza aha nshonga ya Trent. Akaha orubazo rwa Gettysburg, orwahindukire rumwe aha rubazo orurikumanywa munonga omu byafaayo bya Amerika. Akahagira okuhindura ebiragiro bya 13 omu ngyendererwaho y'eihanga rya Amerika, ekyaretsireho okuhindura ebiragiro by'obuhuuku omuri 1865. Bwanyima y'okugaruka kutooranwa omuri 1864, akagyezaho kugarukaniisa eihanga eryabaire ritarikukwatanisa kurabira omu kugaruka kwombeka. Okwa kana ebiro 14 omuri 1865, ebiro bitaano bwanyima y'okwehayo kw'abakugu ba Confederate ahari Appomattox, Lincoln akaba ari omu muzaano aha Ford's Theatre omuri Washington, D.C., obu yaisirwe John Wilkes Booth, omushagiki wa Confederate.Lincoln naijukwa nk'omujurizi kandi omuzira w'eihanga ahabw'obwebembezi bwe omu rutaro hamwe n'amaani agu yaatairemu kurinda ekibiina hamwe n'okumaraho obuhuuku. == '''Eka hamwe n'obuto''' == == '''AMAGARA G'OBUTO''' == Abraham Lincoln akazaarirwa omu kaju k'ekishengye kimwe omuri Kentucky, okwa kabiri 12 omuri 1809, akakurira aha faamu ya Sinking Spring haihi na Hodgenville, Kentucky.Akaba ari omwijukuru wa Samuel Lincoln, omungyereza owaafurukire yaaza Massachusetts omu 1638,[4] hamwe n'eka ya Harrison eya Virginia.[c] Ishenkuru akafa kandi yaaheebwa eiziina Abraham Lincoln, yaatwara eka ye kuruga Virginia yaaza Kentucky. Omukuru w'amahe Abraham Lincoln akaitwa omu kurumbwa kw'Abahindi omuri 1786.[4] Eka ekatuura omuri Hardin County, Kentucky, omu kutandika kwa 1800.[6] Nancy naateekwateekwa kuba yaabaire ari muhara wa Lucy Hanks.[7] Thomas na Nancy bakashwerana omu Kwa mukaaga ebiro 12, 1806, kandi baaza kutuura omuri Elizabethtown, Kentucky.[8] Bakaba baine abaana bashatu: Sarah, Abraham, na Thomas; Thomas akafa akiri muto.[9] Ishe wa Lincoln akagura faamu nyingi omuri Kentucky kwonka akaba atarikubaasa kutunga ebyapa by'eitaka eryo, yaaferwa hiika z'eitaka omu ntongane z'ebiragiro.[10] Omu 1816, eka egyo ekaza Indiana, ahu ebyapa by'eitaka byabaire biri eby'obwesigwa.Bakatuura omu kibira omu kyaro kya Little Pigeon Creek Community.[12] Omu Kentucky na Indiana, Thomas akakora nk'omuhingi, omukozi w'ebibokisi, hamwe n'omubazi.Thomas na Nancy bakaba bari ba memba b'ekanisa ya Separate Baptist Church, ekibiina ky'ababuurizi abarikurwaniisa obuhuuku. Nga 5 Okwa ikumi omu 1818, Nancy akafa ahabw'oburwaire bw'amate, yaasiga Sarah ow'emyaka 11 arikureeberera eka, eyaabaire erimu ishe, Abraham ow'emyaka 9, hamwe na mwihwa wa Nancy ow'emyaka 19, Dennis Hanks.Thomas akashwera Sarah Bush Johnston, omufakazi owaabaire aine abaana bashatu, ebiro bibiri Okwa ikumi na kumwe omu 1819. == '''Okushoma n'okufuruka kuza Illinois''' == Lincoln akeegyera aha bintu bingi. Okushoma kwe okw'obutoosha kukaba kurimu okushoma kw'abashomesa abarikugyenda. Okwabaire kurimu okushoma kumara obwire bukye omuri Kentucky, ahu yaayegiire kushoma, kwonka obundi tareegiireyo kuhandiika. Bwanyima y'okufuruka yaaza Indiana aine emyaka mushanju, akaba atarikukira kuza omu ishomero, kandi akamara emyeezi etarikuhika ikumi na ebiri aine emyaka ikumi na etaano. Lincoln ku yaabaire akiri omunyeeto, ishe akaba naamwesiga munonga kukora emirimo y'omu faamu hamwe n'okwongyera aha ntaasya, arikupangisa omwojo ogu, abahingi b'omu kyanga ekyo, reero akatunga esente, nk'oku kyabaire kiri omu bwire obwo. Ku yaabaire akuzireho kakye, Lincoln hamwe na banywani be bakatunga omurimo gw'okutwara ebintu omu bwato aha nyanja kuza New Orleans, Louisiana, ahu obutare bw'abahuuku, kurugiirira aha muhandiiki w'ebyafaayo Michael Burlingame, "bwabaire nibwija kumureetera okwetomboita... Gukaba guri omurundi gw'okubanza, kwonka gutari gwa nyensya, okureeba obuhuuku arikubureeba."Omu kwezi kwa kashatu omuri 1830, ahabw'okutiina okubarukaho kw'endwara y'amate, abantu baingi omu ka ya Lincoln, otwariiremu na Abraham, bakaza omu burengyerwa-izooba bwa Illinois kandi baatuura omu Macon County.[24] Abraham akatandika kweyongyera kuba hare na Thomas, ahabw'okuba ishe akaba atarikukunda eby'obwegyese;[25] bwanyima akanga kuza aha kitanda kya ishe obu yaabaire arwaire nari aha kuziika kwe omuri 1851.[1] [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q91}} gx3g3w8l79iof7elptaah6iuhw5j5vo 7256518 7256517 2026-07-20T11:45:50Z Rooth N 2608660 7256518 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q91}} '''Abraham Lincoln''' (akazaarwa ebiro 12 Okwa kabiri omuri 1809 – ebiro 15 Okwa kana omu 1865) akaba ari omwebembezi w'eihanga rya Amerika owa ikumi na mukaga. Akatandika kutegyeka omuri 1861 kuhisya obu yaisirwe omuri 1865. Akatwara Amerika omu rutaro rw'omunda, yaasingura amahanga agaabaire gari omu kibiina kya Confederate States kandi yaakora omurimo gw'amaani omu kumaraho obuhuuku. '''Lincoln''' akazaarirwa omu kaju k'ekishengye kimwe omuri Kentucky,<ref>McPherson, James (September 26, 2024). "Lincoln, Abraham". ''American National Biography''. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0400631|10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0400631]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFDonald1996|Donald 1996]], pp.&#x20;20–22.</ref> akakurira aha nsharo. Abraham Lincoln akakurira aha faamu ya Sinking Spring hamwe na Knob Creek haihi na Hodgenville, Kentucky. Omwana wa kabiri owa Thomas Lincoln na Nancy Hanks Lincoln, akaba ari mwijukuru wa Samuel Lincoln, Omungyereza owafurukire akaza Massachusetts omuri 1637<ref>Holland, Caroline Clark (January 1928). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=_3AmAQAAIAAJ&q=samuel+lincoln+sailed+john+dorothy Our English Background]". ''Daughters of the American Revolution Magazine''. Vol.&#x20;62, no.&#x20;1. pp.&#x20;135–142.</ref>. (Abraham Lincoln akagira ngu Samuel Lincoln "akaruga Norwich, England, omuri 1638".)[5] Ishenkuru, n'orikwetererwa eiziina rye, Kapiteeni Abraham Lincoln, akafurura eka kuruga Virginia kuza Kentucky. Kapiteeni akaitwa omu kurumbwa kw'Abamerika abarikuruga omu mahanga agandi omuri 1786.[6] Eka egyo ekatuura omuri Hardin County, Kentucky, aha ntandikwa y'emyaka ya 1800.[7] Nancy naateekwateekwa kuba akaba ari muhara wa Lucy Hanks.[8] Akeega ahabwe kandi yaaba rooya, omunyishengyero wa lllinois, kandi omujwekyerwa wa Amerika. Aine ekiniga ahabw'ekiragiro kya Kansas–Nebraska Act ekya 1854, ekyaigwireho ebicweka by'obuhuuku, akaba omwebembezi w'ekibiina kisya ekya Republican. Akahika aha bantu baingi omu kampiini za Seneti eza 1858 kurwanisa Stephen A. Douglas Nk'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya Republican, Lincoln akaba aine kugyenda omu maisho n'ebiteekateeko by'eby'obutegyeki ebitarikushushana kuruga omu bibiina by'obutegyeki ebyabaire nibihakaniisa omu bwire bw'orutaro. Akaba ari omwebembezi w'amaani omu by'obutegyeki, kandi akaba naareeberera gye entekateeka y'amahe hamwe n'obukoryo bw'okurwaniisa, otwariiremu okuronda ba Genero hamwe n'okukoresa amahe g'omu maizi kuzibira emyanya y'amaato g'omu mashuuma.Akabinga ekiragiro kya Habeas Corpus omu kwa kana 1861, ekikorwa eki omuramuzi omukuru Roger Taney yaashangire omu kooti ya Ex parte Merryman ngu kikaba kiri eky'orukiiko rwa Congress kyonka, kandi yayetantara orutaro na Bungyereza arikukyendeeza aha nshonga ya Trent. Akaha orubazo rwa Gettysburg, orwahindukire rumwe aha rubazo orurikumanywa munonga omu byafaayo bya Amerika. Akahagira okuhindura ebiragiro bya 13 omu ngyendererwaho y'eihanga rya Amerika, ekyaretsireho okuhindura ebiragiro by'obuhuuku omuri 1865. Bwanyima y'okugaruka kutooranwa omuri 1864, akagyezaho kugarukaniisa eihanga eryabaire ritarikukwatanisa kurabira omu kugaruka kwombeka. Okwa kana ebiro 14 omuri 1865, ebiro bitaano bwanyima y'okwehayo kw'abakugu ba Confederate ahari Appomattox, Lincoln akaba ari omu muzaano aha Ford's Theatre omuri Washington, D.C., obu yaisirwe John Wilkes Booth, omushagiki wa Confederate.Lincoln naijukwa nk'omujurizi kandi omuzira w'eihanga ahabw'obwebembezi bwe omu rutaro hamwe n'amaani agu yaatairemu kurinda ekibiina hamwe n'okumaraho obuhuuku. == '''Eka hamwe n'obuto''' == == '''AMAGARA G'OBUTO''' == Abraham Lincoln akazaarirwa omu kaju k'ekishengye kimwe omuri Kentucky, okwa kabiri 12 omuri 1809, akakurira aha faamu ya Sinking Spring haihi na Hodgenville, Kentucky.Akaba ari omwijukuru wa Samuel Lincoln, omungyereza owaafurukire yaaza Massachusetts omu 1638,[4] hamwe n'eka ya Harrison eya Virginia.[c] Ishenkuru akafa kandi yaaheebwa eiziina Abraham Lincoln, yaatwara eka ye kuruga Virginia yaaza Kentucky. Omukuru w'amahe Abraham Lincoln akaitwa omu kurumbwa kw'Abahindi omuri 1786.[4] Eka ekatuura omuri Hardin County, Kentucky, omu kutandika kwa 1800.[6] Nancy naateekwateekwa kuba yaabaire ari muhara wa Lucy Hanks.[7] Thomas na Nancy bakashwerana omu Kwa mukaaga ebiro 12, 1806, kandi baaza kutuura omuri Elizabethtown, Kentucky.[8] Bakaba baine abaana bashatu: Sarah, Abraham, na Thomas; Thomas akafa akiri muto.[9] Ishe wa Lincoln akagura faamu nyingi omuri Kentucky kwonka akaba atarikubaasa kutunga ebyapa by'eitaka eryo, yaaferwa hiika z'eitaka omu ntongane z'ebiragiro.[10] Omu 1816, eka egyo ekaza Indiana, ahu ebyapa by'eitaka byabaire biri eby'obwesigwa.Bakatuura omu kibira omu kyaro kya Little Pigeon Creek Community.[12] Omu Kentucky na Indiana, Thomas akakora nk'omuhingi, omukozi w'ebibokisi, hamwe n'omubazi.Thomas na Nancy bakaba bari ba memba b'ekanisa ya Separate Baptist Church, ekibiina ky'ababuurizi abarikurwaniisa obuhuuku. Nga 5 Okwa ikumi omu 1818, Nancy akafa ahabw'oburwaire bw'amate, yaasiga Sarah ow'emyaka 11 arikureeberera eka, eyaabaire erimu ishe, Abraham ow'emyaka 9, hamwe na mwihwa wa Nancy ow'emyaka 19, Dennis Hanks.Thomas akashwera Sarah Bush Johnston, omufakazi owaabaire aine abaana bashatu, ebiro bibiri Okwa ikumi na kumwe omu 1819. == '''Okushoma n'okufuruka kuza Illinois''' == Lincoln akeegyera aha bintu bingi. Okushoma kwe okw'obutoosha kukaba kurimu okushoma kw'abashomesa abarikugyenda. Okwabaire kurimu okushoma kumara obwire bukye omuri Kentucky, ahu yaayegiire kushoma, kwonka obundi tareegiireyo kuhandiika. Bwanyima y'okufuruka yaaza Indiana aine emyaka mushanju, akaba atarikukira kuza omu ishomero, kandi akamara emyeezi etarikuhika ikumi na ebiri aine emyaka ikumi na etaano. Lincoln ku yaabaire akiri omunyeeto, ishe akaba naamwesiga munonga kukora emirimo y'omu faamu hamwe n'okwongyera aha ntaasya, arikupangisa omwojo ogu, abahingi b'omu kyanga ekyo, reero akatunga esente, nk'oku kyabaire kiri omu bwire obwo. Ku yaabaire akuzireho kakye, Lincoln hamwe na banywani be bakatunga omurimo gw'okutwara ebintu omu bwato aha nyanja kuza New Orleans, Louisiana, ahu obutare bw'abahuuku, kurugiirira aha muhandiiki w'ebyafaayo Michael Burlingame, "bwabaire nibwija kumureetera okwetomboita... Gukaba guri omurundi gw'okubanza, kwonka gutari gwa nyensya, okureeba obuhuuku arikubureeba."Omu kwezi kwa kashatu omuri 1830, ahabw'okutiina okubarukaho kw'endwara y'amate, abantu baingi omu ka ya Lincoln, otwariiremu na Abraham, bakaza omu burengyerwa-izooba bwa Illinois kandi baatuura omu Macon County.[24] Abraham akatandika kweyongyera kuba hare na Thomas, ahabw'okuba ishe akaba atarikukunda eby'obwegyese;[25] bwanyima akanga kuza aha kitanda kya ishe obu yaabaire arwaire nari aha kuziika kwe omuri 1851.[1] [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q91}} m2ruw5hiw87p96zxxu344k1gx7931ep 7256519 7256518 2026-07-20T11:46:43Z Rooth N 2608660 7256519 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q91}} '''Abraham Lincoln''' (akazaarwa ebiro 12 Okwa kabiri omuri 1809 – ebiro 15 Okwa kana omu 1865) akaba ari omwebembezi w'eihanga rya Amerika owa ikumi na mukaga. Akatandika kutegyeka omuri 1861 kuhisya obu yaisirwe omuri 1865. Akatwara Amerika omu rutaro rw'omunda, yaasingura amahanga agaabaire gari omu kibiina kya Confederate States kandi yaakora omurimo gw'amaani omu kumaraho obuhuuku. '''Lincoln''' akazaarirwa omu kaju k'ekishengye kimwe omuri Kentucky,<ref>McPherson, James (September 26, 2024). "Lincoln, Abraham". ''American National Biography''. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0400631|10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0400631]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFDonald1996|Donald 1996]], pp.&#x20;20–22.</ref> akakurira aha nsharo. Abraham Lincoln akakurira aha faamu ya Sinking Spring hamwe na Knob Creek haihi na Hodgenville, Kentucky. Omwana wa kabiri owa Thomas Lincoln na Nancy Hanks Lincoln, akaba ari mwijukuru wa Samuel Lincoln, Omungyereza owafurukire akaza Massachusetts omuri 1637<ref>Holland, Caroline Clark (January 1928). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=_3AmAQAAIAAJ&q=samuel+lincoln+sailed+john+dorothy Our English Background]". ''Daughters of the American Revolution Magazine''. Vol.&#x20;62, no.&#x20;1. pp.&#x20;135–142.</ref>. (Abraham Lincoln akagira ngu Samuel Lincoln "akaruga Norwich, England, omuri 1638".)<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFBurlingame2008|Burlingame 2008]], vol. 1 p. 1.</ref> Ishenkuru, n'orikwetererwa eiziina rye, Kapiteeni Abraham Lincoln, akafurura eka kuruga Virginia kuza Kentucky. Kapiteeni akaitwa omu kurumbwa kw'Abamerika abarikuruga omu mahanga agandi omuri 1786.[6] Eka egyo ekatuura omuri Hardin County, Kentucky, aha ntandikwa y'emyaka ya 1800.[7] Nancy naateekwateekwa kuba akaba ari muhara wa Lucy Hanks.[8] Akeega ahabwe kandi yaaba rooya, omunyishengyero wa lllinois, kandi omujwekyerwa wa Amerika. Aine ekiniga ahabw'ekiragiro kya Kansas–Nebraska Act ekya 1854, ekyaigwireho ebicweka by'obuhuuku, akaba omwebembezi w'ekibiina kisya ekya Republican. Akahika aha bantu baingi omu kampiini za Seneti eza 1858 kurwanisa Stephen A. Douglas Nk'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya Republican, Lincoln akaba aine kugyenda omu maisho n'ebiteekateeko by'eby'obutegyeki ebitarikushushana kuruga omu bibiina by'obutegyeki ebyabaire nibihakaniisa omu bwire bw'orutaro. Akaba ari omwebembezi w'amaani omu by'obutegyeki, kandi akaba naareeberera gye entekateeka y'amahe hamwe n'obukoryo bw'okurwaniisa, otwariiremu okuronda ba Genero hamwe n'okukoresa amahe g'omu maizi kuzibira emyanya y'amaato g'omu mashuuma.Akabinga ekiragiro kya Habeas Corpus omu kwa kana 1861, ekikorwa eki omuramuzi omukuru Roger Taney yaashangire omu kooti ya Ex parte Merryman ngu kikaba kiri eky'orukiiko rwa Congress kyonka, kandi yayetantara orutaro na Bungyereza arikukyendeeza aha nshonga ya Trent. Akaha orubazo rwa Gettysburg, orwahindukire rumwe aha rubazo orurikumanywa munonga omu byafaayo bya Amerika. Akahagira okuhindura ebiragiro bya 13 omu ngyendererwaho y'eihanga rya Amerika, ekyaretsireho okuhindura ebiragiro by'obuhuuku omuri 1865. Bwanyima y'okugaruka kutooranwa omuri 1864, akagyezaho kugarukaniisa eihanga eryabaire ritarikukwatanisa kurabira omu kugaruka kwombeka. Okwa kana ebiro 14 omuri 1865, ebiro bitaano bwanyima y'okwehayo kw'abakugu ba Confederate ahari Appomattox, Lincoln akaba ari omu muzaano aha Ford's Theatre omuri Washington, D.C., obu yaisirwe John Wilkes Booth, omushagiki wa Confederate.Lincoln naijukwa nk'omujurizi kandi omuzira w'eihanga ahabw'obwebembezi bwe omu rutaro hamwe n'amaani agu yaatairemu kurinda ekibiina hamwe n'okumaraho obuhuuku. == '''Eka hamwe n'obuto''' == == '''AMAGARA G'OBUTO''' == Abraham Lincoln akazaarirwa omu kaju k'ekishengye kimwe omuri Kentucky, okwa kabiri 12 omuri 1809, akakurira aha faamu ya Sinking Spring haihi na Hodgenville, Kentucky.Akaba ari omwijukuru wa Samuel Lincoln, omungyereza owaafurukire yaaza Massachusetts omu 1638,[4] hamwe n'eka ya Harrison eya Virginia.[c] Ishenkuru akafa kandi yaaheebwa eiziina Abraham Lincoln, yaatwara eka ye kuruga Virginia yaaza Kentucky. Omukuru w'amahe Abraham Lincoln akaitwa omu kurumbwa kw'Abahindi omuri 1786.[4] Eka ekatuura omuri Hardin County, Kentucky, omu kutandika kwa 1800.[6] Nancy naateekwateekwa kuba yaabaire ari muhara wa Lucy Hanks.[7] Thomas na Nancy bakashwerana omu Kwa mukaaga ebiro 12, 1806, kandi baaza kutuura omuri Elizabethtown, Kentucky.[8] Bakaba baine abaana bashatu: Sarah, Abraham, na Thomas; Thomas akafa akiri muto.[9] Ishe wa Lincoln akagura faamu nyingi omuri Kentucky kwonka akaba atarikubaasa kutunga ebyapa by'eitaka eryo, yaaferwa hiika z'eitaka omu ntongane z'ebiragiro.[10] Omu 1816, eka egyo ekaza Indiana, ahu ebyapa by'eitaka byabaire biri eby'obwesigwa.Bakatuura omu kibira omu kyaro kya Little Pigeon Creek Community.[12] Omu Kentucky na Indiana, Thomas akakora nk'omuhingi, omukozi w'ebibokisi, hamwe n'omubazi.Thomas na Nancy bakaba bari ba memba b'ekanisa ya Separate Baptist Church, ekibiina ky'ababuurizi abarikurwaniisa obuhuuku. Nga 5 Okwa ikumi omu 1818, Nancy akafa ahabw'oburwaire bw'amate, yaasiga Sarah ow'emyaka 11 arikureeberera eka, eyaabaire erimu ishe, Abraham ow'emyaka 9, hamwe na mwihwa wa Nancy ow'emyaka 19, Dennis Hanks.Thomas akashwera Sarah Bush Johnston, omufakazi owaabaire aine abaana bashatu, ebiro bibiri Okwa ikumi na kumwe omu 1819. == '''Okushoma n'okufuruka kuza Illinois''' == Lincoln akeegyera aha bintu bingi. Okushoma kwe okw'obutoosha kukaba kurimu okushoma kw'abashomesa abarikugyenda. Okwabaire kurimu okushoma kumara obwire bukye omuri Kentucky, ahu yaayegiire kushoma, kwonka obundi tareegiireyo kuhandiika. Bwanyima y'okufuruka yaaza Indiana aine emyaka mushanju, akaba atarikukira kuza omu ishomero, kandi akamara emyeezi etarikuhika ikumi na ebiri aine emyaka ikumi na etaano. Lincoln ku yaabaire akiri omunyeeto, ishe akaba naamwesiga munonga kukora emirimo y'omu faamu hamwe n'okwongyera aha ntaasya, arikupangisa omwojo ogu, abahingi b'omu kyanga ekyo, reero akatunga esente, nk'oku kyabaire kiri omu bwire obwo. Ku yaabaire akuzireho kakye, Lincoln hamwe na banywani be bakatunga omurimo gw'okutwara ebintu omu bwato aha nyanja kuza New Orleans, Louisiana, ahu obutare bw'abahuuku, kurugiirira aha muhandiiki w'ebyafaayo Michael Burlingame, "bwabaire nibwija kumureetera okwetomboita... Gukaba guri omurundi gw'okubanza, kwonka gutari gwa nyensya, okureeba obuhuuku arikubureeba."Omu kwezi kwa kashatu omuri 1830, ahabw'okutiina okubarukaho kw'endwara y'amate, abantu baingi omu ka ya Lincoln, otwariiremu na Abraham, bakaza omu burengyerwa-izooba bwa Illinois kandi baatuura omu Macon County.[24] Abraham akatandika kweyongyera kuba hare na Thomas, ahabw'okuba ishe akaba atarikukunda eby'obwegyese;[25] bwanyima akanga kuza aha kitanda kya ishe obu yaabaire arwaire nari aha kuziika kwe omuri 1851.[1] [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q91}} tizhdbkfhv7j14cbgizb6g6o8vb324u 7256520 7256519 2026-07-20T11:47:36Z Rooth N 2608660 7256520 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q91}} '''Abraham Lincoln''' (akazaarwa ebiro 12 Okwa kabiri omuri 1809 – ebiro 15 Okwa kana omu 1865) akaba ari omwebembezi w'eihanga rya Amerika owa ikumi na mukaga. Akatandika kutegyeka omuri 1861 kuhisya obu yaisirwe omuri 1865. Akatwara Amerika omu rutaro rw'omunda, yaasingura amahanga agaabaire gari omu kibiina kya Confederate States kandi yaakora omurimo gw'amaani omu kumaraho obuhuuku. '''Lincoln''' akazaarirwa omu kaju k'ekishengye kimwe omuri Kentucky,<ref>McPherson, James (September 26, 2024). "Lincoln, Abraham". ''American National Biography''. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0400631|10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0400631]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFDonald1996|Donald 1996]], pp.&#x20;20–22.</ref> akakurira aha nsharo. Abraham Lincoln akakurira aha faamu ya Sinking Spring hamwe na Knob Creek haihi na Hodgenville, Kentucky. Omwana wa kabiri owa Thomas Lincoln na Nancy Hanks Lincoln, akaba ari mwijukuru wa Samuel Lincoln, Omungyereza owafurukire akaza Massachusetts omuri 1637<ref>Holland, Caroline Clark (January 1928). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=_3AmAQAAIAAJ&q=samuel+lincoln+sailed+john+dorothy Our English Background]". ''Daughters of the American Revolution Magazine''. Vol.&#x20;62, no.&#x20;1. pp.&#x20;135–142.</ref>. (Abraham Lincoln akagira ngu Samuel Lincoln "akaruga Norwich, England, omuri 1638".)<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFBurlingame2008|Burlingame 2008]], vol. 1 p. 1.</ref> Ishenkuru, n'orikwetererwa eiziina rye, Kapiteeni Abraham Lincoln, akafurura eka kuruga Virginia kuza Kentucky. Kapiteeni akaitwa omu kurumbwa kw'Abamerika abarikuruga omu mahanga agandi omuri 1786.<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFBurlingame2008|Burlingame 2008]], vol. 1 pp. 1–4.</ref> Eka egyo ekatuura omuri Hardin County, Kentucky, aha ntandikwa y'emyaka ya 1800.[7] Nancy naateekwateekwa kuba akaba ari muhara wa Lucy Hanks.[8] Akeega ahabwe kandi yaaba rooya, omunyishengyero wa lllinois, kandi omujwekyerwa wa Amerika. Aine ekiniga ahabw'ekiragiro kya Kansas–Nebraska Act ekya 1854, ekyaigwireho ebicweka by'obuhuuku, akaba omwebembezi w'ekibiina kisya ekya Republican. Akahika aha bantu baingi omu kampiini za Seneti eza 1858 kurwanisa Stephen A. Douglas Nk'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya Republican, Lincoln akaba aine kugyenda omu maisho n'ebiteekateeko by'eby'obutegyeki ebitarikushushana kuruga omu bibiina by'obutegyeki ebyabaire nibihakaniisa omu bwire bw'orutaro. Akaba ari omwebembezi w'amaani omu by'obutegyeki, kandi akaba naareeberera gye entekateeka y'amahe hamwe n'obukoryo bw'okurwaniisa, otwariiremu okuronda ba Genero hamwe n'okukoresa amahe g'omu maizi kuzibira emyanya y'amaato g'omu mashuuma.Akabinga ekiragiro kya Habeas Corpus omu kwa kana 1861, ekikorwa eki omuramuzi omukuru Roger Taney yaashangire omu kooti ya Ex parte Merryman ngu kikaba kiri eky'orukiiko rwa Congress kyonka, kandi yayetantara orutaro na Bungyereza arikukyendeeza aha nshonga ya Trent. Akaha orubazo rwa Gettysburg, orwahindukire rumwe aha rubazo orurikumanywa munonga omu byafaayo bya Amerika. Akahagira okuhindura ebiragiro bya 13 omu ngyendererwaho y'eihanga rya Amerika, ekyaretsireho okuhindura ebiragiro by'obuhuuku omuri 1865. Bwanyima y'okugaruka kutooranwa omuri 1864, akagyezaho kugarukaniisa eihanga eryabaire ritarikukwatanisa kurabira omu kugaruka kwombeka. Okwa kana ebiro 14 omuri 1865, ebiro bitaano bwanyima y'okwehayo kw'abakugu ba Confederate ahari Appomattox, Lincoln akaba ari omu muzaano aha Ford's Theatre omuri Washington, D.C., obu yaisirwe John Wilkes Booth, omushagiki wa Confederate.Lincoln naijukwa nk'omujurizi kandi omuzira w'eihanga ahabw'obwebembezi bwe omu rutaro hamwe n'amaani agu yaatairemu kurinda ekibiina hamwe n'okumaraho obuhuuku. == '''Eka hamwe n'obuto''' == == '''AMAGARA G'OBUTO''' == Abraham Lincoln akazaarirwa omu kaju k'ekishengye kimwe omuri Kentucky, okwa kabiri 12 omuri 1809, akakurira aha faamu ya Sinking Spring haihi na Hodgenville, Kentucky.Akaba ari omwijukuru wa Samuel Lincoln, omungyereza owaafurukire yaaza Massachusetts omu 1638,[4] hamwe n'eka ya Harrison eya Virginia.[c] Ishenkuru akafa kandi yaaheebwa eiziina Abraham Lincoln, yaatwara eka ye kuruga Virginia yaaza Kentucky. Omukuru w'amahe Abraham Lincoln akaitwa omu kurumbwa kw'Abahindi omuri 1786.[4] Eka ekatuura omuri Hardin County, Kentucky, omu kutandika kwa 1800.[6] Nancy naateekwateekwa kuba yaabaire ari muhara wa Lucy Hanks.[7] Thomas na Nancy bakashwerana omu Kwa mukaaga ebiro 12, 1806, kandi baaza kutuura omuri Elizabethtown, Kentucky.[8] Bakaba baine abaana bashatu: Sarah, Abraham, na Thomas; Thomas akafa akiri muto.[9] Ishe wa Lincoln akagura faamu nyingi omuri Kentucky kwonka akaba atarikubaasa kutunga ebyapa by'eitaka eryo, yaaferwa hiika z'eitaka omu ntongane z'ebiragiro.[10] Omu 1816, eka egyo ekaza Indiana, ahu ebyapa by'eitaka byabaire biri eby'obwesigwa.Bakatuura omu kibira omu kyaro kya Little Pigeon Creek Community.[12] Omu Kentucky na Indiana, Thomas akakora nk'omuhingi, omukozi w'ebibokisi, hamwe n'omubazi.Thomas na Nancy bakaba bari ba memba b'ekanisa ya Separate Baptist Church, ekibiina ky'ababuurizi abarikurwaniisa obuhuuku. Nga 5 Okwa ikumi omu 1818, Nancy akafa ahabw'oburwaire bw'amate, yaasiga Sarah ow'emyaka 11 arikureeberera eka, eyaabaire erimu ishe, Abraham ow'emyaka 9, hamwe na mwihwa wa Nancy ow'emyaka 19, Dennis Hanks.Thomas akashwera Sarah Bush Johnston, omufakazi owaabaire aine abaana bashatu, ebiro bibiri Okwa ikumi na kumwe omu 1819. == '''Okushoma n'okufuruka kuza Illinois''' == Lincoln akeegyera aha bintu bingi. Okushoma kwe okw'obutoosha kukaba kurimu okushoma kw'abashomesa abarikugyenda. Okwabaire kurimu okushoma kumara obwire bukye omuri Kentucky, ahu yaayegiire kushoma, kwonka obundi tareegiireyo kuhandiika. Bwanyima y'okufuruka yaaza Indiana aine emyaka mushanju, akaba atarikukira kuza omu ishomero, kandi akamara emyeezi etarikuhika ikumi na ebiri aine emyaka ikumi na etaano. Lincoln ku yaabaire akiri omunyeeto, ishe akaba naamwesiga munonga kukora emirimo y'omu faamu hamwe n'okwongyera aha ntaasya, arikupangisa omwojo ogu, abahingi b'omu kyanga ekyo, reero akatunga esente, nk'oku kyabaire kiri omu bwire obwo. Ku yaabaire akuzireho kakye, Lincoln hamwe na banywani be bakatunga omurimo gw'okutwara ebintu omu bwato aha nyanja kuza New Orleans, Louisiana, ahu obutare bw'abahuuku, kurugiirira aha muhandiiki w'ebyafaayo Michael Burlingame, "bwabaire nibwija kumureetera okwetomboita... Gukaba guri omurundi gw'okubanza, kwonka gutari gwa nyensya, okureeba obuhuuku arikubureeba."Omu kwezi kwa kashatu omuri 1830, ahabw'okutiina okubarukaho kw'endwara y'amate, abantu baingi omu ka ya Lincoln, otwariiremu na Abraham, bakaza omu burengyerwa-izooba bwa Illinois kandi baatuura omu Macon County.[24] Abraham akatandika kweyongyera kuba hare na Thomas, ahabw'okuba ishe akaba atarikukunda eby'obwegyese;[25] bwanyima akanga kuza aha kitanda kya ishe obu yaabaire arwaire nari aha kuziika kwe omuri 1851.[1] [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q91}} cghdeih5es2k23khgyalkgaya1o6rnr 7256521 7256520 2026-07-20T11:48:23Z Rooth N 2608660 7256521 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q91}} '''Abraham Lincoln''' (akazaarwa ebiro 12 Okwa kabiri omuri 1809 – ebiro 15 Okwa kana omu 1865) akaba ari omwebembezi w'eihanga rya Amerika owa ikumi na mukaga. Akatandika kutegyeka omuri 1861 kuhisya obu yaisirwe omuri 1865. Akatwara Amerika omu rutaro rw'omunda, yaasingura amahanga agaabaire gari omu kibiina kya Confederate States kandi yaakora omurimo gw'amaani omu kumaraho obuhuuku. '''Lincoln''' akazaarirwa omu kaju k'ekishengye kimwe omuri Kentucky,<ref>McPherson, James (September 26, 2024). "Lincoln, Abraham". ''American National Biography''. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0400631|10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0400631]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFDonald1996|Donald 1996]], pp.&#x20;20–22.</ref> akakurira aha nsharo. Abraham Lincoln akakurira aha faamu ya Sinking Spring hamwe na Knob Creek haihi na Hodgenville, Kentucky. Omwana wa kabiri owa Thomas Lincoln na Nancy Hanks Lincoln, akaba ari mwijukuru wa Samuel Lincoln, Omungyereza owafurukire akaza Massachusetts omuri 1637<ref>Holland, Caroline Clark (January 1928). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=_3AmAQAAIAAJ&q=samuel+lincoln+sailed+john+dorothy Our English Background]". ''Daughters of the American Revolution Magazine''. Vol.&#x20;62, no.&#x20;1. pp.&#x20;135–142.</ref>. (Abraham Lincoln akagira ngu Samuel Lincoln "akaruga Norwich, England, omuri 1638".)<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFBurlingame2008|Burlingame 2008]], vol. 1 p. 1.</ref> Ishenkuru, n'orikwetererwa eiziina rye, Kapiteeni Abraham Lincoln, akafurura eka kuruga Virginia kuza Kentucky. Kapiteeni akaitwa omu kurumbwa kw'Abamerika abarikuruga omu mahanga agandi omuri 1786.<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFBurlingame2008|Burlingame 2008]], vol. 1 pp. 1–4.</ref> Eka egyo ekatuura omuri Hardin County, Kentucky, aha ntandikwa y'emyaka ya 1800.<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFDonald1996|Donald 1996]], pp.&#x20;21–22.</ref> Nancy naateekwateekwa kuba akaba ari muhara wa Lucy Hanks.[8] Akeega ahabwe kandi yaaba rooya, omunyishengyero wa lllinois, kandi omujwekyerwa wa Amerika. Aine ekiniga ahabw'ekiragiro kya Kansas–Nebraska Act ekya 1854, ekyaigwireho ebicweka by'obuhuuku, akaba omwebembezi w'ekibiina kisya ekya Republican. Akahika aha bantu baingi omu kampiini za Seneti eza 1858 kurwanisa Stephen A. Douglas Nk'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya Republican, Lincoln akaba aine kugyenda omu maisho n'ebiteekateeko by'eby'obutegyeki ebitarikushushana kuruga omu bibiina by'obutegyeki ebyabaire nibihakaniisa omu bwire bw'orutaro. Akaba ari omwebembezi w'amaani omu by'obutegyeki, kandi akaba naareeberera gye entekateeka y'amahe hamwe n'obukoryo bw'okurwaniisa, otwariiremu okuronda ba Genero hamwe n'okukoresa amahe g'omu maizi kuzibira emyanya y'amaato g'omu mashuuma.Akabinga ekiragiro kya Habeas Corpus omu kwa kana 1861, ekikorwa eki omuramuzi omukuru Roger Taney yaashangire omu kooti ya Ex parte Merryman ngu kikaba kiri eky'orukiiko rwa Congress kyonka, kandi yayetantara orutaro na Bungyereza arikukyendeeza aha nshonga ya Trent. Akaha orubazo rwa Gettysburg, orwahindukire rumwe aha rubazo orurikumanywa munonga omu byafaayo bya Amerika. Akahagira okuhindura ebiragiro bya 13 omu ngyendererwaho y'eihanga rya Amerika, ekyaretsireho okuhindura ebiragiro by'obuhuuku omuri 1865. Bwanyima y'okugaruka kutooranwa omuri 1864, akagyezaho kugarukaniisa eihanga eryabaire ritarikukwatanisa kurabira omu kugaruka kwombeka. Okwa kana ebiro 14 omuri 1865, ebiro bitaano bwanyima y'okwehayo kw'abakugu ba Confederate ahari Appomattox, Lincoln akaba ari omu muzaano aha Ford's Theatre omuri Washington, D.C., obu yaisirwe John Wilkes Booth, omushagiki wa Confederate.Lincoln naijukwa nk'omujurizi kandi omuzira w'eihanga ahabw'obwebembezi bwe omu rutaro hamwe n'amaani agu yaatairemu kurinda ekibiina hamwe n'okumaraho obuhuuku. == '''Eka hamwe n'obuto''' == == '''AMAGARA G'OBUTO''' == Abraham Lincoln akazaarirwa omu kaju k'ekishengye kimwe omuri Kentucky, okwa kabiri 12 omuri 1809, akakurira aha faamu ya Sinking Spring haihi na Hodgenville, Kentucky.Akaba ari omwijukuru wa Samuel Lincoln, omungyereza owaafurukire yaaza Massachusetts omu 1638,[4] hamwe n'eka ya Harrison eya Virginia.[c] Ishenkuru akafa kandi yaaheebwa eiziina Abraham Lincoln, yaatwara eka ye kuruga Virginia yaaza Kentucky. Omukuru w'amahe Abraham Lincoln akaitwa omu kurumbwa kw'Abahindi omuri 1786.[4] Eka ekatuura omuri Hardin County, Kentucky, omu kutandika kwa 1800.[6] Nancy naateekwateekwa kuba yaabaire ari muhara wa Lucy Hanks.[7] Thomas na Nancy bakashwerana omu Kwa mukaaga ebiro 12, 1806, kandi baaza kutuura omuri Elizabethtown, Kentucky.[8] Bakaba baine abaana bashatu: Sarah, Abraham, na Thomas; Thomas akafa akiri muto.[9] Ishe wa Lincoln akagura faamu nyingi omuri Kentucky kwonka akaba atarikubaasa kutunga ebyapa by'eitaka eryo, yaaferwa hiika z'eitaka omu ntongane z'ebiragiro.[10] Omu 1816, eka egyo ekaza Indiana, ahu ebyapa by'eitaka byabaire biri eby'obwesigwa.Bakatuura omu kibira omu kyaro kya Little Pigeon Creek Community.[12] Omu Kentucky na Indiana, Thomas akakora nk'omuhingi, omukozi w'ebibokisi, hamwe n'omubazi.Thomas na Nancy bakaba bari ba memba b'ekanisa ya Separate Baptist Church, ekibiina ky'ababuurizi abarikurwaniisa obuhuuku. Nga 5 Okwa ikumi omu 1818, Nancy akafa ahabw'oburwaire bw'amate, yaasiga Sarah ow'emyaka 11 arikureeberera eka, eyaabaire erimu ishe, Abraham ow'emyaka 9, hamwe na mwihwa wa Nancy ow'emyaka 19, Dennis Hanks.Thomas akashwera Sarah Bush Johnston, omufakazi owaabaire aine abaana bashatu, ebiro bibiri Okwa ikumi na kumwe omu 1819. == '''Okushoma n'okufuruka kuza Illinois''' == Lincoln akeegyera aha bintu bingi. Okushoma kwe okw'obutoosha kukaba kurimu okushoma kw'abashomesa abarikugyenda. Okwabaire kurimu okushoma kumara obwire bukye omuri Kentucky, ahu yaayegiire kushoma, kwonka obundi tareegiireyo kuhandiika. Bwanyima y'okufuruka yaaza Indiana aine emyaka mushanju, akaba atarikukira kuza omu ishomero, kandi akamara emyeezi etarikuhika ikumi na ebiri aine emyaka ikumi na etaano. Lincoln ku yaabaire akiri omunyeeto, ishe akaba naamwesiga munonga kukora emirimo y'omu faamu hamwe n'okwongyera aha ntaasya, arikupangisa omwojo ogu, abahingi b'omu kyanga ekyo, reero akatunga esente, nk'oku kyabaire kiri omu bwire obwo. Ku yaabaire akuzireho kakye, Lincoln hamwe na banywani be bakatunga omurimo gw'okutwara ebintu omu bwato aha nyanja kuza New Orleans, Louisiana, ahu obutare bw'abahuuku, kurugiirira aha muhandiiki w'ebyafaayo Michael Burlingame, "bwabaire nibwija kumureetera okwetomboita... Gukaba guri omurundi gw'okubanza, kwonka gutari gwa nyensya, okureeba obuhuuku arikubureeba."Omu kwezi kwa kashatu omuri 1830, ahabw'okutiina okubarukaho kw'endwara y'amate, abantu baingi omu ka ya Lincoln, otwariiremu na Abraham, bakaza omu burengyerwa-izooba bwa Illinois kandi baatuura omu Macon County.[24] Abraham akatandika kweyongyera kuba hare na Thomas, ahabw'okuba ishe akaba atarikukunda eby'obwegyese;[25] bwanyima akanga kuza aha kitanda kya ishe obu yaabaire arwaire nari aha kuziika kwe omuri 1851.[1] [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q91}} truv4yf5xpqgbkoz2xazinwgff88w08 7256522 7256521 2026-07-20T11:49:06Z Rooth N 2608660 7256522 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q91}} '''Abraham Lincoln''' (akazaarwa ebiro 12 Okwa kabiri omuri 1809 – ebiro 15 Okwa kana omu 1865) akaba ari omwebembezi w'eihanga rya Amerika owa ikumi na mukaga. Akatandika kutegyeka omuri 1861 kuhisya obu yaisirwe omuri 1865. Akatwara Amerika omu rutaro rw'omunda, yaasingura amahanga agaabaire gari omu kibiina kya Confederate States kandi yaakora omurimo gw'amaani omu kumaraho obuhuuku. '''Lincoln''' akazaarirwa omu kaju k'ekishengye kimwe omuri Kentucky,<ref>McPherson, James (September 26, 2024). "Lincoln, Abraham". ''American National Biography''. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0400631|10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0400631]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFDonald1996|Donald 1996]], pp.&#x20;20–22.</ref> akakurira aha nsharo. Abraham Lincoln akakurira aha faamu ya Sinking Spring hamwe na Knob Creek haihi na Hodgenville, Kentucky. Omwana wa kabiri owa Thomas Lincoln na Nancy Hanks Lincoln, akaba ari mwijukuru wa Samuel Lincoln, Omungyereza owafurukire akaza Massachusetts omuri 1637<ref>Holland, Caroline Clark (January 1928). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=_3AmAQAAIAAJ&q=samuel+lincoln+sailed+john+dorothy Our English Background]". ''Daughters of the American Revolution Magazine''. Vol.&#x20;62, no.&#x20;1. pp.&#x20;135–142.</ref>. (Abraham Lincoln akagira ngu Samuel Lincoln "akaruga Norwich, England, omuri 1638".)<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFBurlingame2008|Burlingame 2008]], vol. 1 p. 1.</ref> Ishenkuru, n'orikwetererwa eiziina rye, Kapiteeni Abraham Lincoln, akafurura eka kuruga Virginia kuza Kentucky. Kapiteeni akaitwa omu kurumbwa kw'Abamerika abarikuruga omu mahanga agandi omuri 1786.<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFBurlingame2008|Burlingame 2008]], vol. 1 pp. 1–4.</ref> Eka egyo ekatuura omuri Hardin County, Kentucky, aha ntandikwa y'emyaka ya 1800.<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFDonald1996|Donald 1996]], pp.&#x20;21–22.</ref> Nancy naateekwateekwa kuba akaba ari muhara wa Lucy Hanks.<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFBartelt2008|Bartelt 2008]], p.&#x20;79.</ref> Akeega ahabwe kandi yaaba rooya, omunyishengyero wa lllinois, kandi omujwekyerwa wa Amerika. Aine ekiniga ahabw'ekiragiro kya Kansas–Nebraska Act ekya 1854, ekyaigwireho ebicweka by'obuhuuku, akaba omwebembezi w'ekibiina kisya ekya Republican. Akahika aha bantu baingi omu kampiini za Seneti eza 1858 kurwanisa Stephen A. Douglas Nk'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya Republican, Lincoln akaba aine kugyenda omu maisho n'ebiteekateeko by'eby'obutegyeki ebitarikushushana kuruga omu bibiina by'obutegyeki ebyabaire nibihakaniisa omu bwire bw'orutaro. Akaba ari omwebembezi w'amaani omu by'obutegyeki, kandi akaba naareeberera gye entekateeka y'amahe hamwe n'obukoryo bw'okurwaniisa, otwariiremu okuronda ba Genero hamwe n'okukoresa amahe g'omu maizi kuzibira emyanya y'amaato g'omu mashuuma.Akabinga ekiragiro kya Habeas Corpus omu kwa kana 1861, ekikorwa eki omuramuzi omukuru Roger Taney yaashangire omu kooti ya Ex parte Merryman ngu kikaba kiri eky'orukiiko rwa Congress kyonka, kandi yayetantara orutaro na Bungyereza arikukyendeeza aha nshonga ya Trent. Akaha orubazo rwa Gettysburg, orwahindukire rumwe aha rubazo orurikumanywa munonga omu byafaayo bya Amerika. Akahagira okuhindura ebiragiro bya 13 omu ngyendererwaho y'eihanga rya Amerika, ekyaretsireho okuhindura ebiragiro by'obuhuuku omuri 1865. Bwanyima y'okugaruka kutooranwa omuri 1864, akagyezaho kugarukaniisa eihanga eryabaire ritarikukwatanisa kurabira omu kugaruka kwombeka. Okwa kana ebiro 14 omuri 1865, ebiro bitaano bwanyima y'okwehayo kw'abakugu ba Confederate ahari Appomattox, Lincoln akaba ari omu muzaano aha Ford's Theatre omuri Washington, D.C., obu yaisirwe John Wilkes Booth, omushagiki wa Confederate.Lincoln naijukwa nk'omujurizi kandi omuzira w'eihanga ahabw'obwebembezi bwe omu rutaro hamwe n'amaani agu yaatairemu kurinda ekibiina hamwe n'okumaraho obuhuuku. == '''Eka hamwe n'obuto''' == == '''AMAGARA G'OBUTO''' == Abraham Lincoln akazaarirwa omu kaju k'ekishengye kimwe omuri Kentucky, okwa kabiri 12 omuri 1809, akakurira aha faamu ya Sinking Spring haihi na Hodgenville, Kentucky.Akaba ari omwijukuru wa Samuel Lincoln, omungyereza owaafurukire yaaza Massachusetts omu 1638,[4] hamwe n'eka ya Harrison eya Virginia.[c] Ishenkuru akafa kandi yaaheebwa eiziina Abraham Lincoln, yaatwara eka ye kuruga Virginia yaaza Kentucky. Omukuru w'amahe Abraham Lincoln akaitwa omu kurumbwa kw'Abahindi omuri 1786.[4] Eka ekatuura omuri Hardin County, Kentucky, omu kutandika kwa 1800.[6] Nancy naateekwateekwa kuba yaabaire ari muhara wa Lucy Hanks.[7] Thomas na Nancy bakashwerana omu Kwa mukaaga ebiro 12, 1806, kandi baaza kutuura omuri Elizabethtown, Kentucky.[8] Bakaba baine abaana bashatu: Sarah, Abraham, na Thomas; Thomas akafa akiri muto.[9] Ishe wa Lincoln akagura faamu nyingi omuri Kentucky kwonka akaba atarikubaasa kutunga ebyapa by'eitaka eryo, yaaferwa hiika z'eitaka omu ntongane z'ebiragiro.[10] Omu 1816, eka egyo ekaza Indiana, ahu ebyapa by'eitaka byabaire biri eby'obwesigwa.Bakatuura omu kibira omu kyaro kya Little Pigeon Creek Community.[12] Omu Kentucky na Indiana, Thomas akakora nk'omuhingi, omukozi w'ebibokisi, hamwe n'omubazi.Thomas na Nancy bakaba bari ba memba b'ekanisa ya Separate Baptist Church, ekibiina ky'ababuurizi abarikurwaniisa obuhuuku. Nga 5 Okwa ikumi omu 1818, Nancy akafa ahabw'oburwaire bw'amate, yaasiga Sarah ow'emyaka 11 arikureeberera eka, eyaabaire erimu ishe, Abraham ow'emyaka 9, hamwe na mwihwa wa Nancy ow'emyaka 19, Dennis Hanks.Thomas akashwera Sarah Bush Johnston, omufakazi owaabaire aine abaana bashatu, ebiro bibiri Okwa ikumi na kumwe omu 1819. == '''Okushoma n'okufuruka kuza Illinois''' == Lincoln akeegyera aha bintu bingi. Okushoma kwe okw'obutoosha kukaba kurimu okushoma kw'abashomesa abarikugyenda. Okwabaire kurimu okushoma kumara obwire bukye omuri Kentucky, ahu yaayegiire kushoma, kwonka obundi tareegiireyo kuhandiika. Bwanyima y'okufuruka yaaza Indiana aine emyaka mushanju, akaba atarikukira kuza omu ishomero, kandi akamara emyeezi etarikuhika ikumi na ebiri aine emyaka ikumi na etaano. Lincoln ku yaabaire akiri omunyeeto, ishe akaba naamwesiga munonga kukora emirimo y'omu faamu hamwe n'okwongyera aha ntaasya, arikupangisa omwojo ogu, abahingi b'omu kyanga ekyo, reero akatunga esente, nk'oku kyabaire kiri omu bwire obwo. Ku yaabaire akuzireho kakye, Lincoln hamwe na banywani be bakatunga omurimo gw'okutwara ebintu omu bwato aha nyanja kuza New Orleans, Louisiana, ahu obutare bw'abahuuku, kurugiirira aha muhandiiki w'ebyafaayo Michael Burlingame, "bwabaire nibwija kumureetera okwetomboita... Gukaba guri omurundi gw'okubanza, kwonka gutari gwa nyensya, okureeba obuhuuku arikubureeba."Omu kwezi kwa kashatu omuri 1830, ahabw'okutiina okubarukaho kw'endwara y'amate, abantu baingi omu ka ya Lincoln, otwariiremu na Abraham, bakaza omu burengyerwa-izooba bwa Illinois kandi baatuura omu Macon County.[24] Abraham akatandika kweyongyera kuba hare na Thomas, ahabw'okuba ishe akaba atarikukunda eby'obwegyese;[25] bwanyima akanga kuza aha kitanda kya ishe obu yaabaire arwaire nari aha kuziika kwe omuri 1851.[1] [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q91}} 7t3kx0ahchidp5lnufcs5sgq08oc69n 7256524 7256522 2026-07-20T11:49:52Z Rooth N 2608660 7256524 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q91}} '''Abraham Lincoln''' (akazaarwa ebiro 12 Okwa kabiri omuri 1809 – ebiro 15 Okwa kana omu 1865) akaba ari omwebembezi w'eihanga rya Amerika owa ikumi na mukaga. Akatandika kutegyeka omuri 1861 kuhisya obu yaisirwe omuri 1865. Akatwara Amerika omu rutaro rw'omunda, yaasingura amahanga agaabaire gari omu kibiina kya Confederate States kandi yaakora omurimo gw'amaani omu kumaraho obuhuuku. '''Lincoln''' akazaarirwa omu kaju k'ekishengye kimwe omuri Kentucky,<ref>McPherson, James (September 26, 2024). "Lincoln, Abraham". ''American National Biography''. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0400631|10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0400631]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFDonald1996|Donald 1996]], pp.&#x20;20–22.</ref> akakurira aha nsharo. Abraham Lincoln akakurira aha faamu ya Sinking Spring hamwe na Knob Creek haihi na Hodgenville, Kentucky. Omwana wa kabiri owa Thomas Lincoln na Nancy Hanks Lincoln, akaba ari mwijukuru wa Samuel Lincoln, Omungyereza owafurukire akaza Massachusetts omuri 1637<ref>Holland, Caroline Clark (January 1928). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=_3AmAQAAIAAJ&q=samuel+lincoln+sailed+john+dorothy Our English Background]". ''Daughters of the American Revolution Magazine''. Vol.&#x20;62, no.&#x20;1. pp.&#x20;135–142.</ref>. (Abraham Lincoln akagira ngu Samuel Lincoln "akaruga Norwich, England, omuri 1638".)<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFBurlingame2008|Burlingame 2008]], vol. 1 p. 1.</ref> Ishenkuru, n'orikwetererwa eiziina rye, Kapiteeni Abraham Lincoln, akafurura eka kuruga Virginia kuza Kentucky. Kapiteeni akaitwa omu kurumbwa kw'Abamerika abarikuruga omu mahanga agandi omuri 1786.<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFBurlingame2008|Burlingame 2008]], vol. 1 pp. 1–4.</ref> Eka egyo ekatuura omuri Hardin County, Kentucky, aha ntandikwa y'emyaka ya 1800.<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFDonald1996|Donald 1996]], pp.&#x20;21–22.</ref> Nancy naateekwateekwa kuba akaba ari muhara wa Lucy Hanks.<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFBartelt2008|Bartelt 2008]], p.&#x20;79.</ref> == Obwegyese n'okufuruka kuza Illinois == Akeega ahabwe kandi yaaba rooya, omunyishengyero wa lllinois, kandi omujwekyerwa wa Amerika. Aine ekiniga ahabw'ekiragiro kya Kansas–Nebraska Act ekya 1854, ekyaigwireho ebicweka by'obuhuuku, akaba omwebembezi w'ekibiina kisya ekya Republican. Akahika aha bantu baingi omu kampiini za Seneti eza 1858 kurwanisa Stephen A. Douglas Nk'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya Republican, Lincoln akaba aine kugyenda omu maisho n'ebiteekateeko by'eby'obutegyeki ebitarikushushana kuruga omu bibiina by'obutegyeki ebyabaire nibihakaniisa omu bwire bw'orutaro. Akaba ari omwebembezi w'amaani omu by'obutegyeki, kandi akaba naareeberera gye entekateeka y'amahe hamwe n'obukoryo bw'okurwaniisa, otwariiremu okuronda ba Genero hamwe n'okukoresa amahe g'omu maizi kuzibira emyanya y'amaato g'omu mashuuma.Akabinga ekiragiro kya Habeas Corpus omu kwa kana 1861, ekikorwa eki omuramuzi omukuru Roger Taney yaashangire omu kooti ya Ex parte Merryman ngu kikaba kiri eky'orukiiko rwa Congress kyonka, kandi yayetantara orutaro na Bungyereza arikukyendeeza aha nshonga ya Trent. Akaha orubazo rwa Gettysburg, orwahindukire rumwe aha rubazo orurikumanywa munonga omu byafaayo bya Amerika. Akahagira okuhindura ebiragiro bya 13 omu ngyendererwaho y'eihanga rya Amerika, ekyaretsireho okuhindura ebiragiro by'obuhuuku omuri 1865. Bwanyima y'okugaruka kutooranwa omuri 1864, akagyezaho kugarukaniisa eihanga eryabaire ritarikukwatanisa kurabira omu kugaruka kwombeka. Okwa kana ebiro 14 omuri 1865, ebiro bitaano bwanyima y'okwehayo kw'abakugu ba Confederate ahari Appomattox, Lincoln akaba ari omu muzaano aha Ford's Theatre omuri Washington, D.C., obu yaisirwe John Wilkes Booth, omushagiki wa Confederate.Lincoln naijukwa nk'omujurizi kandi omuzira w'eihanga ahabw'obwebembezi bwe omu rutaro hamwe n'amaani agu yaatairemu kurinda ekibiina hamwe n'okumaraho obuhuuku. == '''Eka hamwe n'obuto''' == == '''AMAGARA G'OBUTO''' == Abraham Lincoln akazaarirwa omu kaju k'ekishengye kimwe omuri Kentucky, okwa kabiri 12 omuri 1809, akakurira aha faamu ya Sinking Spring haihi na Hodgenville, Kentucky.Akaba ari omwijukuru wa Samuel Lincoln, omungyereza owaafurukire yaaza Massachusetts omu 1638,[4] hamwe n'eka ya Harrison eya Virginia.[c] Ishenkuru akafa kandi yaaheebwa eiziina Abraham Lincoln, yaatwara eka ye kuruga Virginia yaaza Kentucky. Omukuru w'amahe Abraham Lincoln akaitwa omu kurumbwa kw'Abahindi omuri 1786.[4] Eka ekatuura omuri Hardin County, Kentucky, omu kutandika kwa 1800.[6] Nancy naateekwateekwa kuba yaabaire ari muhara wa Lucy Hanks.[7] Thomas na Nancy bakashwerana omu Kwa mukaaga ebiro 12, 1806, kandi baaza kutuura omuri Elizabethtown, Kentucky.[8] Bakaba baine abaana bashatu: Sarah, Abraham, na Thomas; Thomas akafa akiri muto.[9] Ishe wa Lincoln akagura faamu nyingi omuri Kentucky kwonka akaba atarikubaasa kutunga ebyapa by'eitaka eryo, yaaferwa hiika z'eitaka omu ntongane z'ebiragiro.[10] Omu 1816, eka egyo ekaza Indiana, ahu ebyapa by'eitaka byabaire biri eby'obwesigwa.Bakatuura omu kibira omu kyaro kya Little Pigeon Creek Community.[12] Omu Kentucky na Indiana, Thomas akakora nk'omuhingi, omukozi w'ebibokisi, hamwe n'omubazi.Thomas na Nancy bakaba bari ba memba b'ekanisa ya Separate Baptist Church, ekibiina ky'ababuurizi abarikurwaniisa obuhuuku. Nga 5 Okwa ikumi omu 1818, Nancy akafa ahabw'oburwaire bw'amate, yaasiga Sarah ow'emyaka 11 arikureeberera eka, eyaabaire erimu ishe, Abraham ow'emyaka 9, hamwe na mwihwa wa Nancy ow'emyaka 19, Dennis Hanks.Thomas akashwera Sarah Bush Johnston, omufakazi owaabaire aine abaana bashatu, ebiro bibiri Okwa ikumi na kumwe omu 1819. == '''Okushoma n'okufuruka kuza Illinois''' == Lincoln akeegyera aha bintu bingi. Okushoma kwe okw'obutoosha kukaba kurimu okushoma kw'abashomesa abarikugyenda. Okwabaire kurimu okushoma kumara obwire bukye omuri Kentucky, ahu yaayegiire kushoma, kwonka obundi tareegiireyo kuhandiika. Bwanyima y'okufuruka yaaza Indiana aine emyaka mushanju, akaba atarikukira kuza omu ishomero, kandi akamara emyeezi etarikuhika ikumi na ebiri aine emyaka ikumi na etaano. Lincoln ku yaabaire akiri omunyeeto, ishe akaba naamwesiga munonga kukora emirimo y'omu faamu hamwe n'okwongyera aha ntaasya, arikupangisa omwojo ogu, abahingi b'omu kyanga ekyo, reero akatunga esente, nk'oku kyabaire kiri omu bwire obwo. Ku yaabaire akuzireho kakye, Lincoln hamwe na banywani be bakatunga omurimo gw'okutwara ebintu omu bwato aha nyanja kuza New Orleans, Louisiana, ahu obutare bw'abahuuku, kurugiirira aha muhandiiki w'ebyafaayo Michael Burlingame, "bwabaire nibwija kumureetera okwetomboita... Gukaba guri omurundi gw'okubanza, kwonka gutari gwa nyensya, okureeba obuhuuku arikubureeba."Omu kwezi kwa kashatu omuri 1830, ahabw'okutiina okubarukaho kw'endwara y'amate, abantu baingi omu ka ya Lincoln, otwariiremu na Abraham, bakaza omu burengyerwa-izooba bwa Illinois kandi baatuura omu Macon County.[24] Abraham akatandika kweyongyera kuba hare na Thomas, ahabw'okuba ishe akaba atarikukunda eby'obwegyese;[25] bwanyima akanga kuza aha kitanda kya ishe obu yaabaire arwaire nari aha kuziika kwe omuri 1851.[1] [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q91}} fk7a2re8g8u9clooaf5l6xww4sshf35 7256525 7256524 2026-07-20T11:51:11Z Rooth N 2608660 7256525 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q91}} '''Abraham Lincoln''' (akazaarwa ebiro 12 Okwa kabiri omuri 1809 – ebiro 15 Okwa kana omu 1865) akaba ari omwebembezi w'eihanga rya Amerika owa ikumi na mukaga. Akatandika kutegyeka omuri 1861 kuhisya obu yaisirwe omuri 1865. Akatwara Amerika omu rutaro rw'omunda, yaasingura amahanga agaabaire gari omu kibiina kya Confederate States kandi yaakora omurimo gw'amaani omu kumaraho obuhuuku. '''Lincoln''' akazaarirwa omu kaju k'ekishengye kimwe omuri Kentucky,<ref>McPherson, James (September 26, 2024). "Lincoln, Abraham". ''American National Biography''. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0400631|10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0400631]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFDonald1996|Donald 1996]], pp.&#x20;20–22.</ref> akakurira aha nsharo. Abraham Lincoln akakurira aha faamu ya Sinking Spring hamwe na Knob Creek haihi na Hodgenville, Kentucky. Omwana wa kabiri owa Thomas Lincoln na Nancy Hanks Lincoln, akaba ari mwijukuru wa Samuel Lincoln, Omungyereza owafurukire akaza Massachusetts omuri 1637<ref>Holland, Caroline Clark (January 1928). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=_3AmAQAAIAAJ&q=samuel+lincoln+sailed+john+dorothy Our English Background]". ''Daughters of the American Revolution Magazine''. Vol.&#x20;62, no.&#x20;1. pp.&#x20;135–142.</ref>. (Abraham Lincoln akagira ngu Samuel Lincoln "akaruga Norwich, England, omuri 1638".)<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFBurlingame2008|Burlingame 2008]], vol. 1 p. 1.</ref> Ishenkuru, n'orikwetererwa eiziina rye, Kapiteeni Abraham Lincoln, akafurura eka kuruga Virginia kuza Kentucky. Kapiteeni akaitwa omu kurumbwa kw'Abamerika abarikuruga omu mahanga agandi omuri 1786.<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFBurlingame2008|Burlingame 2008]], vol. 1 pp. 1–4.</ref> Eka egyo ekatuura omuri Hardin County, Kentucky, aha ntandikwa y'emyaka ya 1800.<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFDonald1996|Donald 1996]], pp.&#x20;21–22.</ref> Nancy naateekwateekwa kuba akaba ari muhara wa Lucy Hanks.<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFBartelt2008|Bartelt 2008]], p.&#x20;79.</ref> == Obwegyese n'okufuruka kuza Illinois == Lincoln akeshomesa. kandi yaaba rooya, omunyishengyero wa lllinois, kandi omujwekyerwa wa Amerika. Aine ekiniga ahabw'ekiragiro kya Kansas–Nebraska Act ekya 1854, ekyaigwireho ebicweka by'obuhuuku, akaba omwebembezi w'ekibiina kisya ekya Republican. Akahika aha bantu baingi omu kampiini za Seneti eza 1858 kurwanisa Stephen A. Douglas Nk'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya Republican, Lincoln akaba aine kugyenda omu maisho n'ebiteekateeko by'eby'obutegyeki ebitarikushushana kuruga omu bibiina by'obutegyeki ebyabaire nibihakaniisa omu bwire bw'orutaro. Akaba ari omwebembezi w'amaani omu by'obutegyeki, kandi akaba naareeberera gye entekateeka y'amahe hamwe n'obukoryo bw'okurwaniisa, otwariiremu okuronda ba Genero hamwe n'okukoresa amahe g'omu maizi kuzibira emyanya y'amaato g'omu mashuuma.Akabinga ekiragiro kya Habeas Corpus omu kwa kana 1861, ekikorwa eki omuramuzi omukuru Roger Taney yaashangire omu kooti ya Ex parte Merryman ngu kikaba kiri eky'orukiiko rwa Congress kyonka, kandi yayetantara orutaro na Bungyereza arikukyendeeza aha nshonga ya Trent. Akaha orubazo rwa Gettysburg, orwahindukire rumwe aha rubazo orurikumanywa munonga omu byafaayo bya Amerika. Akahagira okuhindura ebiragiro bya 13 omu ngyendererwaho y'eihanga rya Amerika, ekyaretsireho okuhindura ebiragiro by'obuhuuku omuri 1865. Bwanyima y'okugaruka kutooranwa omuri 1864, akagyezaho kugarukaniisa eihanga eryabaire ritarikukwatanisa kurabira omu kugaruka kwombeka. Okwa kana ebiro 14 omuri 1865, ebiro bitaano bwanyima y'okwehayo kw'abakugu ba Confederate ahari Appomattox, Lincoln akaba ari omu muzaano aha Ford's Theatre omuri Washington, D.C., obu yaisirwe John Wilkes Booth, omushagiki wa Confederate.Lincoln naijukwa nk'omujurizi kandi omuzira w'eihanga ahabw'obwebembezi bwe omu rutaro hamwe n'amaani agu yaatairemu kurinda ekibiina hamwe n'okumaraho obuhuuku. == '''Eka hamwe n'obuto''' == == '''AMAGARA G'OBUTO''' == Abraham Lincoln akazaarirwa omu kaju k'ekishengye kimwe omuri Kentucky, okwa kabiri 12 omuri 1809, akakurira aha faamu ya Sinking Spring haihi na Hodgenville, Kentucky.Akaba ari omwijukuru wa Samuel Lincoln, omungyereza owaafurukire yaaza Massachusetts omu 1638,[4] hamwe n'eka ya Harrison eya Virginia.[c] Ishenkuru akafa kandi yaaheebwa eiziina Abraham Lincoln, yaatwara eka ye kuruga Virginia yaaza Kentucky. Omukuru w'amahe Abraham Lincoln akaitwa omu kurumbwa kw'Abahindi omuri 1786.[4] Eka ekatuura omuri Hardin County, Kentucky, omu kutandika kwa 1800.[6] Nancy naateekwateekwa kuba yaabaire ari muhara wa Lucy Hanks.[7] Thomas na Nancy bakashwerana omu Kwa mukaaga ebiro 12, 1806, kandi baaza kutuura omuri Elizabethtown, Kentucky.[8] Bakaba baine abaana bashatu: Sarah, Abraham, na Thomas; Thomas akafa akiri muto.[9] Ishe wa Lincoln akagura faamu nyingi omuri Kentucky kwonka akaba atarikubaasa kutunga ebyapa by'eitaka eryo, yaaferwa hiika z'eitaka omu ntongane z'ebiragiro.[10] Omu 1816, eka egyo ekaza Indiana, ahu ebyapa by'eitaka byabaire biri eby'obwesigwa.Bakatuura omu kibira omu kyaro kya Little Pigeon Creek Community.[12] Omu Kentucky na Indiana, Thomas akakora nk'omuhingi, omukozi w'ebibokisi, hamwe n'omubazi.Thomas na Nancy bakaba bari ba memba b'ekanisa ya Separate Baptist Church, ekibiina ky'ababuurizi abarikurwaniisa obuhuuku. Nga 5 Okwa ikumi omu 1818, Nancy akafa ahabw'oburwaire bw'amate, yaasiga Sarah ow'emyaka 11 arikureeberera eka, eyaabaire erimu ishe, Abraham ow'emyaka 9, hamwe na mwihwa wa Nancy ow'emyaka 19, Dennis Hanks.Thomas akashwera Sarah Bush Johnston, omufakazi owaabaire aine abaana bashatu, ebiro bibiri Okwa ikumi na kumwe omu 1819. == '''Okushoma n'okufuruka kuza Illinois''' == Lincoln akeegyera aha bintu bingi. Okushoma kwe okw'obutoosha kukaba kurimu okushoma kw'abashomesa abarikugyenda. Okwabaire kurimu okushoma kumara obwire bukye omuri Kentucky, ahu yaayegiire kushoma, kwonka obundi tareegiireyo kuhandiika. Bwanyima y'okufuruka yaaza Indiana aine emyaka mushanju, akaba atarikukira kuza omu ishomero, kandi akamara emyeezi etarikuhika ikumi na ebiri aine emyaka ikumi na etaano. Lincoln ku yaabaire akiri omunyeeto, ishe akaba naamwesiga munonga kukora emirimo y'omu faamu hamwe n'okwongyera aha ntaasya, arikupangisa omwojo ogu, abahingi b'omu kyanga ekyo, reero akatunga esente, nk'oku kyabaire kiri omu bwire obwo. Ku yaabaire akuzireho kakye, Lincoln hamwe na banywani be bakatunga omurimo gw'okutwara ebintu omu bwato aha nyanja kuza New Orleans, Louisiana, ahu obutare bw'abahuuku, kurugiirira aha muhandiiki w'ebyafaayo Michael Burlingame, "bwabaire nibwija kumureetera okwetomboita... Gukaba guri omurundi gw'okubanza, kwonka gutari gwa nyensya, okureeba obuhuuku arikubureeba."Omu kwezi kwa kashatu omuri 1830, ahabw'okutiina okubarukaho kw'endwara y'amate, abantu baingi omu ka ya Lincoln, otwariiremu na Abraham, bakaza omu burengyerwa-izooba bwa Illinois kandi baatuura omu Macon County.[24] Abraham akatandika kweyongyera kuba hare na Thomas, ahabw'okuba ishe akaba atarikukunda eby'obwegyese;[25] bwanyima akanga kuza aha kitanda kya ishe obu yaabaire arwaire nari aha kuziika kwe omuri 1851.[1] [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q91}} mphcqkfe2f9h08u99g5788141po5b9x 7256526 7256525 2026-07-20T11:51:51Z Rooth N 2608660 7256526 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q91}} '''Abraham Lincoln''' (akazaarwa ebiro 12 Okwa kabiri omuri 1809 – ebiro 15 Okwa kana omu 1865) akaba ari omwebembezi w'eihanga rya Amerika owa ikumi na mukaga. Akatandika kutegyeka omuri 1861 kuhisya obu yaisirwe omuri 1865. Akatwara Amerika omu rutaro rw'omunda, yaasingura amahanga agaabaire gari omu kibiina kya Confederate States kandi yaakora omurimo gw'amaani omu kumaraho obuhuuku. '''Lincoln''' akazaarirwa omu kaju k'ekishengye kimwe omuri Kentucky,<ref>McPherson, James (September 26, 2024). "Lincoln, Abraham". ''American National Biography''. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0400631|10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0400631]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFDonald1996|Donald 1996]], pp.&#x20;20–22.</ref> akakurira aha nsharo. Abraham Lincoln akakurira aha faamu ya Sinking Spring hamwe na Knob Creek haihi na Hodgenville, Kentucky. Omwana wa kabiri owa Thomas Lincoln na Nancy Hanks Lincoln, akaba ari mwijukuru wa Samuel Lincoln, Omungyereza owafurukire akaza Massachusetts omuri 1637<ref>Holland, Caroline Clark (January 1928). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=_3AmAQAAIAAJ&q=samuel+lincoln+sailed+john+dorothy Our English Background]". ''Daughters of the American Revolution Magazine''. Vol.&#x20;62, no.&#x20;1. pp.&#x20;135–142.</ref>. (Abraham Lincoln akagira ngu Samuel Lincoln "akaruga Norwich, England, omuri 1638".)<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFBurlingame2008|Burlingame 2008]], vol. 1 p. 1.</ref> Ishenkuru, n'orikwetererwa eiziina rye, Kapiteeni Abraham Lincoln, akafurura eka kuruga Virginia kuza Kentucky. Kapiteeni akaitwa omu kurumbwa kw'Abamerika abarikuruga omu mahanga agandi omuri 1786.<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFBurlingame2008|Burlingame 2008]], vol. 1 pp. 1–4.</ref> Eka egyo ekatuura omuri Hardin County, Kentucky, aha ntandikwa y'emyaka ya 1800.<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFDonald1996|Donald 1996]], pp.&#x20;21–22.</ref> Nancy naateekwateekwa kuba akaba ari muhara wa Lucy Hanks.<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFBartelt2008|Bartelt 2008]], p.&#x20;79.</ref> == Obwegyese n'okufuruka kuza Illinois == Lincoln akeshomesa<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFBartelt2008|Bartelt 2008]], pp.&#x20;10, 33.</ref>. kandi yaaba rooya, omunyishengyero wa lllinois, kandi omujwekyerwa wa Amerika. Aine ekiniga ahabw'ekiragiro kya Kansas–Nebraska Act ekya 1854, ekyaigwireho ebicweka by'obuhuuku, akaba omwebembezi w'ekibiina kisya ekya Republican. Akahika aha bantu baingi omu kampiini za Seneti eza 1858 kurwanisa Stephen A. Douglas Nk'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya Republican, Lincoln akaba aine kugyenda omu maisho n'ebiteekateeko by'eby'obutegyeki ebitarikushushana kuruga omu bibiina by'obutegyeki ebyabaire nibihakaniisa omu bwire bw'orutaro. Akaba ari omwebembezi w'amaani omu by'obutegyeki, kandi akaba naareeberera gye entekateeka y'amahe hamwe n'obukoryo bw'okurwaniisa, otwariiremu okuronda ba Genero hamwe n'okukoresa amahe g'omu maizi kuzibira emyanya y'amaato g'omu mashuuma.Akabinga ekiragiro kya Habeas Corpus omu kwa kana 1861, ekikorwa eki omuramuzi omukuru Roger Taney yaashangire omu kooti ya Ex parte Merryman ngu kikaba kiri eky'orukiiko rwa Congress kyonka, kandi yayetantara orutaro na Bungyereza arikukyendeeza aha nshonga ya Trent. Akaha orubazo rwa Gettysburg, orwahindukire rumwe aha rubazo orurikumanywa munonga omu byafaayo bya Amerika. Akahagira okuhindura ebiragiro bya 13 omu ngyendererwaho y'eihanga rya Amerika, ekyaretsireho okuhindura ebiragiro by'obuhuuku omuri 1865. Bwanyima y'okugaruka kutooranwa omuri 1864, akagyezaho kugarukaniisa eihanga eryabaire ritarikukwatanisa kurabira omu kugaruka kwombeka. Okwa kana ebiro 14 omuri 1865, ebiro bitaano bwanyima y'okwehayo kw'abakugu ba Confederate ahari Appomattox, Lincoln akaba ari omu muzaano aha Ford's Theatre omuri Washington, D.C., obu yaisirwe John Wilkes Booth, omushagiki wa Confederate.Lincoln naijukwa nk'omujurizi kandi omuzira w'eihanga ahabw'obwebembezi bwe omu rutaro hamwe n'amaani agu yaatairemu kurinda ekibiina hamwe n'okumaraho obuhuuku. == '''Eka hamwe n'obuto''' == == '''AMAGARA G'OBUTO''' == Abraham Lincoln akazaarirwa omu kaju k'ekishengye kimwe omuri Kentucky, okwa kabiri 12 omuri 1809, akakurira aha faamu ya Sinking Spring haihi na Hodgenville, Kentucky.Akaba ari omwijukuru wa Samuel Lincoln, omungyereza owaafurukire yaaza Massachusetts omu 1638,[4] hamwe n'eka ya Harrison eya Virginia.[c] Ishenkuru akafa kandi yaaheebwa eiziina Abraham Lincoln, yaatwara eka ye kuruga Virginia yaaza Kentucky. Omukuru w'amahe Abraham Lincoln akaitwa omu kurumbwa kw'Abahindi omuri 1786.[4] Eka ekatuura omuri Hardin County, Kentucky, omu kutandika kwa 1800.[6] Nancy naateekwateekwa kuba yaabaire ari muhara wa Lucy Hanks.[7] Thomas na Nancy bakashwerana omu Kwa mukaaga ebiro 12, 1806, kandi baaza kutuura omuri Elizabethtown, Kentucky.[8] Bakaba baine abaana bashatu: Sarah, Abraham, na Thomas; Thomas akafa akiri muto.[9] Ishe wa Lincoln akagura faamu nyingi omuri Kentucky kwonka akaba atarikubaasa kutunga ebyapa by'eitaka eryo, yaaferwa hiika z'eitaka omu ntongane z'ebiragiro.[10] Omu 1816, eka egyo ekaza Indiana, ahu ebyapa by'eitaka byabaire biri eby'obwesigwa.Bakatuura omu kibira omu kyaro kya Little Pigeon Creek Community.[12] Omu Kentucky na Indiana, Thomas akakora nk'omuhingi, omukozi w'ebibokisi, hamwe n'omubazi.Thomas na Nancy bakaba bari ba memba b'ekanisa ya Separate Baptist Church, ekibiina ky'ababuurizi abarikurwaniisa obuhuuku. Nga 5 Okwa ikumi omu 1818, Nancy akafa ahabw'oburwaire bw'amate, yaasiga Sarah ow'emyaka 11 arikureeberera eka, eyaabaire erimu ishe, Abraham ow'emyaka 9, hamwe na mwihwa wa Nancy ow'emyaka 19, Dennis Hanks.Thomas akashwera Sarah Bush Johnston, omufakazi owaabaire aine abaana bashatu, ebiro bibiri Okwa ikumi na kumwe omu 1819. == '''Okushoma n'okufuruka kuza Illinois''' == Lincoln akeegyera aha bintu bingi. Okushoma kwe okw'obutoosha kukaba kurimu okushoma kw'abashomesa abarikugyenda. Okwabaire kurimu okushoma kumara obwire bukye omuri Kentucky, ahu yaayegiire kushoma, kwonka obundi tareegiireyo kuhandiika. Bwanyima y'okufuruka yaaza Indiana aine emyaka mushanju, akaba atarikukira kuza omu ishomero, kandi akamara emyeezi etarikuhika ikumi na ebiri aine emyaka ikumi na etaano. Lincoln ku yaabaire akiri omunyeeto, ishe akaba naamwesiga munonga kukora emirimo y'omu faamu hamwe n'okwongyera aha ntaasya, arikupangisa omwojo ogu, abahingi b'omu kyanga ekyo, reero akatunga esente, nk'oku kyabaire kiri omu bwire obwo. Ku yaabaire akuzireho kakye, Lincoln hamwe na banywani be bakatunga omurimo gw'okutwara ebintu omu bwato aha nyanja kuza New Orleans, Louisiana, ahu obutare bw'abahuuku, kurugiirira aha muhandiiki w'ebyafaayo Michael Burlingame, "bwabaire nibwija kumureetera okwetomboita... Gukaba guri omurundi gw'okubanza, kwonka gutari gwa nyensya, okureeba obuhuuku arikubureeba."Omu kwezi kwa kashatu omuri 1830, ahabw'okutiina okubarukaho kw'endwara y'amate, abantu baingi omu ka ya Lincoln, otwariiremu na Abraham, bakaza omu burengyerwa-izooba bwa Illinois kandi baatuura omu Macon County.[24] Abraham akatandika kweyongyera kuba hare na Thomas, ahabw'okuba ishe akaba atarikukunda eby'obwegyese;[25] bwanyima akanga kuza aha kitanda kya ishe obu yaabaire arwaire nari aha kuziika kwe omuri 1851.[1] [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q91}} cpkoos2ow05wl0b5u8f9tkgr91qiz6k 7256527 7256526 2026-07-20T11:53:29Z Rooth N 2608660 7256527 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q91}} '''Abraham Lincoln''' (akazaarwa ebiro 12 Okwa kabiri omuri 1809 – ebiro 15 Okwa kana omu 1865) akaba ari omwebembezi w'eihanga rya Amerika owa ikumi na mukaga. Akatandika kutegyeka omuri 1861 kuhisya obu yaisirwe omuri 1865. Akatwara Amerika omu rutaro rw'omunda, yaasingura amahanga agaabaire gari omu kibiina kya Confederate States kandi yaakora omurimo gw'amaani omu kumaraho obuhuuku. '''Lincoln''' akazaarirwa omu kaju k'ekishengye kimwe omuri Kentucky,<ref>McPherson, James (September 26, 2024). "Lincoln, Abraham". ''American National Biography''. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0400631|10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0400631]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFDonald1996|Donald 1996]], pp.&#x20;20–22.</ref> akakurira aha nsharo. Abraham Lincoln akakurira aha faamu ya Sinking Spring hamwe na Knob Creek haihi na Hodgenville, Kentucky. Omwana wa kabiri owa Thomas Lincoln na Nancy Hanks Lincoln, akaba ari mwijukuru wa Samuel Lincoln, Omungyereza owafurukire akaza Massachusetts omuri 1637<ref>Holland, Caroline Clark (January 1928). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=_3AmAQAAIAAJ&q=samuel+lincoln+sailed+john+dorothy Our English Background]". ''Daughters of the American Revolution Magazine''. Vol.&#x20;62, no.&#x20;1. pp.&#x20;135–142.</ref>. (Abraham Lincoln akagira ngu Samuel Lincoln "akaruga Norwich, England, omuri 1638".)<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFBurlingame2008|Burlingame 2008]], vol. 1 p. 1.</ref> Ishenkuru, n'orikwetererwa eiziina rye, Kapiteeni Abraham Lincoln, akafurura eka kuruga Virginia kuza Kentucky. Kapiteeni akaitwa omu kurumbwa kw'Abamerika abarikuruga omu mahanga agandi omuri 1786.<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFBurlingame2008|Burlingame 2008]], vol. 1 pp. 1–4.</ref> Eka egyo ekatuura omuri Hardin County, Kentucky, aha ntandikwa y'emyaka ya 1800.<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFDonald1996|Donald 1996]], pp.&#x20;21–22.</ref> Nancy naateekwateekwa kuba akaba ari muhara wa Lucy Hanks.<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFBartelt2008|Bartelt 2008]], p.&#x20;79.</ref> == Obwegyese n'okufuruka kuza Illinois == Lincoln akeshomesa<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFBartelt2008|Bartelt 2008]], pp.&#x20;10, 33.</ref>. Akaija yaaba rooya, omunyishengyero wa lllinois, kandi omujwekyerwa wa Amerika. Aine ekiniga ahabw'ekiragiro kya Kansas–Nebraska Act ekya 1854, ekyaigwireho ebicweka by'obuhuuku, akaba omwebembezi w'ekibiina kisya ekya Republican. Akahika aha bantu baingi omu kampeyini za Seneti eza 1858 kurwanisa Stephen A. Douglas Nk'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya Republican, Lincoln akaba aine kugyenda omu maisho n'ebiteekateeko by'eby'obutegyeki ebitarikushushana kuruga omu bibiina by'obutegyeki ebyabaire nibihakaniisa omu bwire bw'orutaro. Akaba ari omwebembezi w'amaani omu by'obutegyeki, kandi akaba naareeberera gye entekateeka y'amahe hamwe n'obukoryo bw'okurwaniisa, otwariiremu okuronda ba Genero hamwe n'okukoresa amahe g'omu maizi kuzibira emyanya y'amaato g'omu mashuuma.Akabinga ekiragiro kya Habeas Corpus omu kwa kana 1861, ekikorwa eki omuramuzi omukuru Roger Taney yaashangire omu kooti ya Ex parte Merryman ngu kikaba kiri eky'orukiiko rwa Congress kyonka, kandi yayetantara orutaro na Bungyereza arikukyendeeza aha nshonga ya Trent. Akaha orubazo rwa Gettysburg, orwahindukire rumwe aha rubazo orurikumanywa munonga omu byafaayo bya Amerika. Akahagira okuhindura ebiragiro bya 13 omu ngyendererwaho y'eihanga rya Amerika, ekyaretsireho okuhindura ebiragiro by'obuhuuku omuri 1865. Bwanyima y'okugaruka kutooranwa omuri 1864, akagyezaho kugarukaniisa eihanga eryabaire ritarikukwatanisa kurabira omu kugaruka kwombeka. Okwa kana ebiro 14 omuri 1865, ebiro bitaano bwanyima y'okwehayo kw'abakugu ba Confederate ahari Appomattox, Lincoln akaba ari omu muzaano aha Ford's Theatre omuri Washington, D.C., obu yaisirwe John Wilkes Booth, omushagiki wa Confederate.Lincoln naijukwa nk'omujurizi kandi omuzira w'eihanga ahabw'obwebembezi bwe omu rutaro hamwe n'amaani agu yaatairemu kurinda ekibiina hamwe n'okumaraho obuhuuku. == '''Eka hamwe n'obuto''' == == '''AMAGARA G'OBUTO''' == Abraham Lincoln akazaarirwa omu kaju k'ekishengye kimwe omuri Kentucky, okwa kabiri 12 omuri 1809, akakurira aha faamu ya Sinking Spring haihi na Hodgenville, Kentucky.Akaba ari omwijukuru wa Samuel Lincoln, omungyereza owaafurukire yaaza Massachusetts omu 1638,[4] hamwe n'eka ya Harrison eya Virginia.[c] Ishenkuru akafa kandi yaaheebwa eiziina Abraham Lincoln, yaatwara eka ye kuruga Virginia yaaza Kentucky. Omukuru w'amahe Abraham Lincoln akaitwa omu kurumbwa kw'Abahindi omuri 1786.[4] Eka ekatuura omuri Hardin County, Kentucky, omu kutandika kwa 1800.[6] Nancy naateekwateekwa kuba yaabaire ari muhara wa Lucy Hanks.[7] Thomas na Nancy bakashwerana omu Kwa mukaaga ebiro 12, 1806, kandi baaza kutuura omuri Elizabethtown, Kentucky.[8] Bakaba baine abaana bashatu: Sarah, Abraham, na Thomas; Thomas akafa akiri muto.[9] Ishe wa Lincoln akagura faamu nyingi omuri Kentucky kwonka akaba atarikubaasa kutunga ebyapa by'eitaka eryo, yaaferwa hiika z'eitaka omu ntongane z'ebiragiro.[10] Omu 1816, eka egyo ekaza Indiana, ahu ebyapa by'eitaka byabaire biri eby'obwesigwa.Bakatuura omu kibira omu kyaro kya Little Pigeon Creek Community.[12] Omu Kentucky na Indiana, Thomas akakora nk'omuhingi, omukozi w'ebibokisi, hamwe n'omubazi.Thomas na Nancy bakaba bari ba memba b'ekanisa ya Separate Baptist Church, ekibiina ky'ababuurizi abarikurwaniisa obuhuuku. Nga 5 Okwa ikumi omu 1818, Nancy akafa ahabw'oburwaire bw'amate, yaasiga Sarah ow'emyaka 11 arikureeberera eka, eyaabaire erimu ishe, Abraham ow'emyaka 9, hamwe na mwihwa wa Nancy ow'emyaka 19, Dennis Hanks.Thomas akashwera Sarah Bush Johnston, omufakazi owaabaire aine abaana bashatu, ebiro bibiri Okwa ikumi na kumwe omu 1819. == '''Okushoma n'okufuruka kuza Illinois''' == Lincoln akeegyera aha bintu bingi. Okushoma kwe okw'obutoosha kukaba kurimu okushoma kw'abashomesa abarikugyenda. Okwabaire kurimu okushoma kumara obwire bukye omuri Kentucky, ahu yaayegiire kushoma, kwonka obundi tareegiireyo kuhandiika. Bwanyima y'okufuruka yaaza Indiana aine emyaka mushanju, akaba atarikukira kuza omu ishomero, kandi akamara emyeezi etarikuhika ikumi na ebiri aine emyaka ikumi na etaano. Lincoln ku yaabaire akiri omunyeeto, ishe akaba naamwesiga munonga kukora emirimo y'omu faamu hamwe n'okwongyera aha ntaasya, arikupangisa omwojo ogu, abahingi b'omu kyanga ekyo, reero akatunga esente, nk'oku kyabaire kiri omu bwire obwo. Ku yaabaire akuzireho kakye, Lincoln hamwe na banywani be bakatunga omurimo gw'okutwara ebintu omu bwato aha nyanja kuza New Orleans, Louisiana, ahu obutare bw'abahuuku, kurugiirira aha muhandiiki w'ebyafaayo Michael Burlingame, "bwabaire nibwija kumureetera okwetomboita... Gukaba guri omurundi gw'okubanza, kwonka gutari gwa nyensya, okureeba obuhuuku arikubureeba."Omu kwezi kwa kashatu omuri 1830, ahabw'okutiina okubarukaho kw'endwara y'amate, abantu baingi omu ka ya Lincoln, otwariiremu na Abraham, bakaza omu burengyerwa-izooba bwa Illinois kandi baatuura omu Macon County.[24] Abraham akatandika kweyongyera kuba hare na Thomas, ahabw'okuba ishe akaba atarikukunda eby'obwegyese;[25] bwanyima akanga kuza aha kitanda kya ishe obu yaabaire arwaire nari aha kuziika kwe omuri 1851.[1] [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q91}} 914kk2du3myv9gzylkawmcrbsgds1ty 7256531 7256527 2026-07-20T11:54:34Z Rooth N 2608660 7256531 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q91}} '''Abraham Lincoln''' (akazaarwa ebiro 12 Okwa kabiri omuri 1809 – ebiro 15 Okwa kana omu 1865) akaba ari omwebembezi w'eihanga rya Amerika owa ikumi na mukaga. Akatandika kutegyeka omuri 1861 kuhisya obu yaisirwe omuri 1865. Akatwara Amerika omu rutaro rw'omunda, yaasingura amahanga agaabaire gari omu kibiina kya Confederate States kandi yaakora omurimo gw'amaani omu kumaraho obuhuuku. '''Lincoln''' akazaarirwa omu kaju k'ekishengye kimwe omuri Kentucky,<ref>McPherson, James (September 26, 2024). "Lincoln, Abraham". ''American National Biography''. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0400631|10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0400631]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFDonald1996|Donald 1996]], pp.&#x20;20–22.</ref> akakurira aha nsharo. Abraham Lincoln akakurira aha faamu ya Sinking Spring hamwe na Knob Creek haihi na Hodgenville, Kentucky. Omwana wa kabiri owa Thomas Lincoln na Nancy Hanks Lincoln, akaba ari mwijukuru wa Samuel Lincoln, Omungyereza owafurukire akaza Massachusetts omuri 1637<ref>Holland, Caroline Clark (January 1928). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=_3AmAQAAIAAJ&q=samuel+lincoln+sailed+john+dorothy Our English Background]". ''Daughters of the American Revolution Magazine''. Vol.&#x20;62, no.&#x20;1. pp.&#x20;135–142.</ref>. (Abraham Lincoln akagira ngu Samuel Lincoln "akaruga Norwich, England, omuri 1638".)<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFBurlingame2008|Burlingame 2008]], vol. 1 p. 1.</ref> Ishenkuru, n'orikwetererwa eiziina rye, Kapiteeni Abraham Lincoln, akafurura eka kuruga Virginia kuza Kentucky. Kapiteeni akaitwa omu kurumbwa kw'Abamerika abarikuruga omu mahanga agandi omuri 1786.<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFBurlingame2008|Burlingame 2008]], vol. 1 pp. 1–4.</ref> Eka egyo ekatuura omuri Hardin County, Kentucky, aha ntandikwa y'emyaka ya 1800.<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFDonald1996|Donald 1996]], pp.&#x20;21–22.</ref> Nancy naateekwateekwa kuba akaba ari muhara wa Lucy Hanks.<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFBartelt2008|Bartelt 2008]], p.&#x20;79.</ref> == Obwegyese n'okufuruka kuza Illinois == Lincoln akeshomesa<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFBartelt2008|Bartelt 2008]], pp.&#x20;10, 33.</ref>. Akaija yaaba rooya, omunyishengyero wa lllinois, kandi omujwekyerwa wa Amerika. Aine ekiniga ahabw'ekiragiro kya Kansas–Nebraska Act ekya 1854, ekyaigwireho ebicweka by'obuhuuku, akaba omwebembezi w'ekibiina kisya ekya Republican. Akahika aha bantu baingi omu kampeyini za Seneti eza 1858 kurwanisa Stephen A. Douglas Nk'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya Republican, Lincoln akaba aine kugyenda omu maisho n'ebiteekateeko by'eby'obutegyeki ebitarikushushana kuruga omu bibiina by'obutegyeki ebyabaire nibihakaniisa omu bwire bw'orutaro. Akaba ari omwebembezi w'amaani omu by'obutegyeki, kandi akaba naareeberera gye entekateeka y'amahe hamwe n'obukoryo bw'okurwaniisa, otwariiremu okuronda ba Genero hamwe n'okukoresa amahe g'omu maizi kuzibira emyanya y'amaato g'omu mashuuma.Akabinga ekiragiro kya Habeas Corpus omu kwa kana 1861, ekikorwa eki omuramuzi omukuru Roger Taney yaashangire omu kooti ya Ex parte Merryman ngu kikaba kiri eky'orukiiko rwa Congress kyonka, kandi yayetantara orutaro na Bungyereza arikukyendeeza aha nshonga ya Trent. Akaha orubazo rwa Gettysburg, orwahindukire rumwe aha rubazo orurikumanywa munonga omu byafaayo bya Amerika. Akahagira okuhindura ebiragiro bya 13 omu ngyendererwaho y'eihanga rya Amerika, ekyaretsireho okuhindura ebiragiro by'obuhuuku omuri 1865. Bwanyima y'okugaruka kutooranwa omuri 1864, akagyezaho kugarukaniisa eihanga eryabaire ritarikukwatanisa kurabira omu kugaruka kwombeka. Okwa kana ebiro 14 omuri 1865, ebiro bitaano bwanyima y'okwehayo kw'abakugu ba Confederate ahari Appomattox, Lincoln akaba ari omu muzaano aha Ford's Theatre omuri Washington, D.C., obu yaisirwe John Wilkes Booth, omushagiki wa Confederate.Lincoln naijukwa nk'omujurizi kandi omuzira w'eihanga ahabw'obwebembezi bwe omu rutaro hamwe n'amaani agu yaatairemu kurinda ekibiina hamwe n'okumaraho obuhuuku. == '''Eka hamwe n'obuto''' == == '''AMAGARA G'OBUTO''' == Abraham Lincoln akazaarirwa omu kaju k'ekishengye kimwe omuri Kentucky, okwa kabiri 12 omuri 1809, akakurira aha faamu ya Sinking Spring haihi na Hodgenville, Kentucky.Akaba ari omwijukuru wa Samuel Lincoln, omungyereza owaafurukire yaaza Massachusetts omu 1638,[4] hamwe n'eka ya Harrison eya Virginia.[c] Ishenkuru akafa kandi yaaheebwa eiziina Abraham Lincoln, yaatwara eka ye kuruga Virginia yaaza Kentucky. Omukuru w'amahe Abraham Lincoln akaitwa omu kurumbwa kw'Abahindi omuri 1786.[4] Eka ekatuura omuri Hardin County, Kentucky, omu kutandika kwa 1800.[6] Nancy naateekwateekwa kuba yaabaire ari muhara wa Lucy Hanks.[7] Thomas na Nancy bakashwerana omu Kwa mukaaga ebiro 12, 1806, kandi baaza kutuura omuri Elizabethtown, Kentucky.[8] Bakaba baine abaana bashatu: Sarah, Abraham, na Thomas; Thomas akafa akiri muto.[9] Ishe wa Lincoln akagura faamu nyingi omuri Kentucky kwonka akaba atarikubaasa kutunga ebyapa by'eitaka eryo, yaaferwa hiika z'eitaka omu ntongane z'ebiragiro.[10] Omu 1816, eka egyo ekaza Indiana, ahu ebyapa by'eitaka byabaire biri eby'obwesigwa.Bakatuura omu kibira omu kyaro kya Little Pigeon Creek Community.[12] Omu Kentucky na Indiana, Thomas akakora nk'omuhingi, omukozi w'ebibokisi, hamwe n'omubazi.Thomas na Nancy bakaba bari ba memba b'ekanisa ya Separate Baptist Church, ekibiina ky'ababuurizi abarikurwaniisa obuhuuku. Nga 5 Okwa ikumi omu 1818, Nancy akafa ahabw'oburwaire bw'amate, yaasiga Sarah ow'emyaka 11 arikureeberera eka, eyaabaire erimu ishe, Abraham ow'emyaka 9, hamwe na mwihwa wa Nancy ow'emyaka 19, Dennis Hanks.Thomas akashwera Sarah Bush Johnston, omufakazi owaabaire aine abaana bashatu, ebiro bibiri Okwa ikumi na kumwe omu 1819. == '''Okushoma n'okufuruka kuza Illinois''' == Lincoln akeegyera aha bintu bingi. Okushoma kwe okw'obutoosha kukaba kurimu okushoma kw'abashomesa abarikugyenda. Okwabaire kurimu okushoma kumara obwire bukye omuri Kentucky, ahu yaayegiire kushoma, kwonka obundi tareegiireyo kuhandiika. Bwanyima y'okufuruka yaaza Indiana aine emyaka mushanju, akaba atarikukira kuza omu ishomero, kandi akamara emyeezi etarikuhika ikumi na ebiri aine emyaka ikumi na etaano. Lincoln ku yaabaire akiri omunyeeto, ishe akaba naamwesiga munonga kukora emirimo y'omu faamu hamwe n'okwongyera aha ntaasya, arikupangisa omwojo ogu, abahingi b'omu kyanga ekyo, reero akatunga esente, nk'oku kyabaire kiri omu bwire obwo. Ku yaabaire akuzireho kakye, Lincoln hamwe na banywani be bakatunga omurimo gw'okutwara ebintu omu bwato aha nyanja kuza New Orleans, Louisiana, ahu obutare bw'abahuuku, kurugiirira aha muhandiiki w'ebyafaayo Michael Burlingame, "bwabaire nibwija kumureetera okwetomboita... Gukaba guri omurundi gw'okubanza, kwonka gutari gwa nyensya, okureeba obuhuuku arikubureeba."Omu kwezi kwa kashatu omuri 1830, ahabw'okutiina okubarukaho kw'endwara y'amate, abantu baingi omu ka ya Lincoln, otwariiremu na Abraham, bakaza omu burengyerwa-izooba bwa Illinois kandi baatuura omu Macon County.[24] Abraham akatandika kweyongyera kuba hare na Thomas, ahabw'okuba ishe akaba atarikukunda eby'obwegyese;[25] bwanyima akanga kuza aha kitanda kya ishe obu yaabaire arwaire nari aha kuziika kwe omuri 1851.[1] == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == [[Category:Wp/nyn]] ktur37zr52qtv60kfqfalwhl6ugqzv8 7256532 7256531 2026-07-20T11:55:03Z Rooth N 2608660 7256532 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q91}} '''Abraham Lincoln''' (akazaarwa ebiro 12 Okwa kabiri omuri 1809 – ebiro 15 Okwa kana omu 1865) akaba ari omwebembezi w'eihanga rya Amerika owa ikumi na mukaga. Akatandika kutegyeka omuri 1861 kuhisya obu yaisirwe omuri 1865. Akatwara Amerika omu rutaro rw'omunda, yaasingura amahanga agaabaire gari omu kibiina kya Confederate States kandi yaakora omurimo gw'amaani omu kumaraho obuhuuku. '''Lincoln''' akazaarirwa omu kaju k'ekishengye kimwe omuri Kentucky,<ref>McPherson, James (September 26, 2024). "Lincoln, Abraham". ''American National Biography''. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0400631|10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0400631]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFDonald1996|Donald 1996]], pp.&#x20;20–22.</ref> akakurira aha nsharo. Abraham Lincoln akakurira aha faamu ya Sinking Spring hamwe na Knob Creek haihi na Hodgenville, Kentucky. Omwana wa kabiri owa Thomas Lincoln na Nancy Hanks Lincoln, akaba ari mwijukuru wa Samuel Lincoln, Omungyereza owafurukire akaza Massachusetts omuri 1637<ref>Holland, Caroline Clark (January 1928). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=_3AmAQAAIAAJ&q=samuel+lincoln+sailed+john+dorothy Our English Background]". ''Daughters of the American Revolution Magazine''. Vol.&#x20;62, no.&#x20;1. pp.&#x20;135–142.</ref>. (Abraham Lincoln akagira ngu Samuel Lincoln "akaruga Norwich, England, omuri 1638".)<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFBurlingame2008|Burlingame 2008]], vol. 1 p. 1.</ref> Ishenkuru, n'orikwetererwa eiziina rye, Kapiteeni Abraham Lincoln, akafurura eka kuruga Virginia kuza Kentucky. Kapiteeni akaitwa omu kurumbwa kw'Abamerika abarikuruga omu mahanga agandi omuri 1786.<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFBurlingame2008|Burlingame 2008]], vol. 1 pp. 1–4.</ref> Eka egyo ekatuura omuri Hardin County, Kentucky, aha ntandikwa y'emyaka ya 1800.<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFDonald1996|Donald 1996]], pp.&#x20;21–22.</ref> Nancy naateekwateekwa kuba akaba ari muhara wa Lucy Hanks.<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFBartelt2008|Bartelt 2008]], p.&#x20;79.</ref> == Obwegyese n'okufuruka kuza Illinois == Lincoln akeshomesa<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFBartelt2008|Bartelt 2008]], pp.&#x20;10, 33.</ref>. Akaija yaaba rooya, omunyishengyero wa lllinois, kandi omujwekyerwa wa Amerika. Aine ekiniga ahabw'ekiragiro kya Kansas–Nebraska Act ekya 1854, ekyaigwireho ebicweka by'obuhuuku, akaba omwebembezi w'ekibiina kisya ekya Republican. Akahika aha bantu baingi omu kampeyini za Seneti eza 1858 kurwanisa Stephen A. Douglas Nk'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya Republican, Lincoln akaba aine kugyenda omu maisho n'ebiteekateeko by'eby'obutegyeki ebitarikushushana kuruga omu bibiina by'obutegyeki ebyabaire nibihakaniisa omu bwire bw'orutaro. Akaba ari omwebembezi w'amaani omu by'obutegyeki, kandi akaba naareeberera gye entekateeka y'amahe hamwe n'obukoryo bw'okurwaniisa, otwariiremu okuronda ba Genero hamwe n'okukoresa amahe g'omu maizi kuzibira emyanya y'amaato g'omu mashuuma.Akabinga ekiragiro kya Habeas Corpus omu kwa kana 1861, ekikorwa eki omuramuzi omukuru Roger Taney yaashangire omu kooti ya Ex parte Merryman ngu kikaba kiri eky'orukiiko rwa Congress kyonka, kandi yayetantara orutaro na Bungyereza arikukyendeeza aha nshonga ya Trent. Akaha orubazo rwa Gettysburg, orwahindukire rumwe aha rubazo orurikumanywa munonga omu byafaayo bya Amerika. Akahagira okuhindura ebiragiro bya 13 omu ngyendererwaho y'eihanga rya Amerika, ekyaretsireho okuhindura ebiragiro by'obuhuuku omuri 1865. Bwanyima y'okugaruka kutooranwa omuri 1864, akagyezaho kugarukaniisa eihanga eryabaire ritarikukwatanisa kurabira omu kugaruka kwombeka. Okwa kana ebiro 14 omuri 1865, ebiro bitaano bwanyima y'okwehayo kw'abakugu ba Confederate ahari Appomattox, Lincoln akaba ari omu muzaano aha Ford's Theatre omuri Washington, D.C., obu yaisirwe John Wilkes Booth, omushagiki wa Confederate.Lincoln naijukwa nk'omujurizi kandi omuzira w'eihanga ahabw'obwebembezi bwe omu rutaro hamwe n'amaani agu yaatairemu kurinda ekibiina hamwe n'okumaraho obuhuuku. == '''Eka hamwe n'obuto''' == == '''Amagara g'obuto''' == Abraham Lincoln akazaarirwa omu kaju k'ekishengye kimwe omuri Kentucky, okwa kabiri 12 omuri 1809, akakurira aha faamu ya Sinking Spring haihi na Hodgenville, Kentucky.Akaba ari omwijukuru wa Samuel Lincoln, omungyereza owaafurukire yaaza Massachusetts omu 1638,[4] hamwe n'eka ya Harrison eya Virginia.[c] Ishenkuru akafa kandi yaaheebwa eiziina Abraham Lincoln, yaatwara eka ye kuruga Virginia yaaza Kentucky. Omukuru w'amahe Abraham Lincoln akaitwa omu kurumbwa kw'Abahindi omuri 1786.[4] Eka ekatuura omuri Hardin County, Kentucky, omu kutandika kwa 1800.[6] Nancy naateekwateekwa kuba yaabaire ari muhara wa Lucy Hanks.[7] Thomas na Nancy bakashwerana omu Kwa mukaaga ebiro 12, 1806, kandi baaza kutuura omuri Elizabethtown, Kentucky.[8] Bakaba baine abaana bashatu: Sarah, Abraham, na Thomas; Thomas akafa akiri muto.[9] Ishe wa Lincoln akagura faamu nyingi omuri Kentucky kwonka akaba atarikubaasa kutunga ebyapa by'eitaka eryo, yaaferwa hiika z'eitaka omu ntongane z'ebiragiro.[10] Omu 1816, eka egyo ekaza Indiana, ahu ebyapa by'eitaka byabaire biri eby'obwesigwa.Bakatuura omu kibira omu kyaro kya Little Pigeon Creek Community.[12] Omu Kentucky na Indiana, Thomas akakora nk'omuhingi, omukozi w'ebibokisi, hamwe n'omubazi.Thomas na Nancy bakaba bari ba memba b'ekanisa ya Separate Baptist Church, ekibiina ky'ababuurizi abarikurwaniisa obuhuuku. Nga 5 Okwa ikumi omu 1818, Nancy akafa ahabw'oburwaire bw'amate, yaasiga Sarah ow'emyaka 11 arikureeberera eka, eyaabaire erimu ishe, Abraham ow'emyaka 9, hamwe na mwihwa wa Nancy ow'emyaka 19, Dennis Hanks.Thomas akashwera Sarah Bush Johnston, omufakazi owaabaire aine abaana bashatu, ebiro bibiri Okwa ikumi na kumwe omu 1819. == '''Okushoma n'okufuruka kuza Illinois''' == Lincoln akeegyera aha bintu bingi. Okushoma kwe okw'obutoosha kukaba kurimu okushoma kw'abashomesa abarikugyenda. Okwabaire kurimu okushoma kumara obwire bukye omuri Kentucky, ahu yaayegiire kushoma, kwonka obundi tareegiireyo kuhandiika. Bwanyima y'okufuruka yaaza Indiana aine emyaka mushanju, akaba atarikukira kuza omu ishomero, kandi akamara emyeezi etarikuhika ikumi na ebiri aine emyaka ikumi na etaano. Lincoln ku yaabaire akiri omunyeeto, ishe akaba naamwesiga munonga kukora emirimo y'omu faamu hamwe n'okwongyera aha ntaasya, arikupangisa omwojo ogu, abahingi b'omu kyanga ekyo, reero akatunga esente, nk'oku kyabaire kiri omu bwire obwo. Ku yaabaire akuzireho kakye, Lincoln hamwe na banywani be bakatunga omurimo gw'okutwara ebintu omu bwato aha nyanja kuza New Orleans, Louisiana, ahu obutare bw'abahuuku, kurugiirira aha muhandiiki w'ebyafaayo Michael Burlingame, "bwabaire nibwija kumureetera okwetomboita... Gukaba guri omurundi gw'okubanza, kwonka gutari gwa nyensya, okureeba obuhuuku arikubureeba."Omu kwezi kwa kashatu omuri 1830, ahabw'okutiina okubarukaho kw'endwara y'amate, abantu baingi omu ka ya Lincoln, otwariiremu na Abraham, bakaza omu burengyerwa-izooba bwa Illinois kandi baatuura omu Macon County.[24] Abraham akatandika kweyongyera kuba hare na Thomas, ahabw'okuba ishe akaba atarikukunda eby'obwegyese;[25] bwanyima akanga kuza aha kitanda kya ishe obu yaabaire arwaire nari aha kuziika kwe omuri 1851.[1] == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == [[Category:Wp/nyn]] 6p8a2y0tb7mhy6iiaa2qkl8ztxoe284 7256535 7256532 2026-07-20T11:56:09Z Rooth N 2608660 /* Amagara g'obuto */ 7256535 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q91}} '''Abraham Lincoln''' (akazaarwa ebiro 12 Okwa kabiri omuri 1809 – ebiro 15 Okwa kana omu 1865) akaba ari omwebembezi w'eihanga rya Amerika owa ikumi na mukaga. Akatandika kutegyeka omuri 1861 kuhisya obu yaisirwe omuri 1865. Akatwara Amerika omu rutaro rw'omunda, yaasingura amahanga agaabaire gari omu kibiina kya Confederate States kandi yaakora omurimo gw'amaani omu kumaraho obuhuuku. '''Lincoln''' akazaarirwa omu kaju k'ekishengye kimwe omuri Kentucky,<ref>McPherson, James (September 26, 2024). "Lincoln, Abraham". ''American National Biography''. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0400631|10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0400631]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFDonald1996|Donald 1996]], pp.&#x20;20–22.</ref> akakurira aha nsharo. Abraham Lincoln akakurira aha faamu ya Sinking Spring hamwe na Knob Creek haihi na Hodgenville, Kentucky. Omwana wa kabiri owa Thomas Lincoln na Nancy Hanks Lincoln, akaba ari mwijukuru wa Samuel Lincoln, Omungyereza owafurukire akaza Massachusetts omuri 1637<ref>Holland, Caroline Clark (January 1928). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=_3AmAQAAIAAJ&q=samuel+lincoln+sailed+john+dorothy Our English Background]". ''Daughters of the American Revolution Magazine''. Vol.&#x20;62, no.&#x20;1. pp.&#x20;135–142.</ref>. (Abraham Lincoln akagira ngu Samuel Lincoln "akaruga Norwich, England, omuri 1638".)<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFBurlingame2008|Burlingame 2008]], vol. 1 p. 1.</ref> Ishenkuru, n'orikwetererwa eiziina rye, Kapiteeni Abraham Lincoln, akafurura eka kuruga Virginia kuza Kentucky. Kapiteeni akaitwa omu kurumbwa kw'Abamerika abarikuruga omu mahanga agandi omuri 1786.<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFBurlingame2008|Burlingame 2008]], vol. 1 pp. 1–4.</ref> Eka egyo ekatuura omuri Hardin County, Kentucky, aha ntandikwa y'emyaka ya 1800.<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFDonald1996|Donald 1996]], pp.&#x20;21–22.</ref> Nancy naateekwateekwa kuba akaba ari muhara wa Lucy Hanks.<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFBartelt2008|Bartelt 2008]], p.&#x20;79.</ref> == Obwegyese n'okufuruka kuza Illinois == Lincoln akeshomesa<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFBartelt2008|Bartelt 2008]], pp.&#x20;10, 33.</ref>. Akaija yaaba rooya, omunyishengyero wa lllinois, kandi omujwekyerwa wa Amerika. Aine ekiniga ahabw'ekiragiro kya Kansas–Nebraska Act ekya 1854, ekyaigwireho ebicweka by'obuhuuku, akaba omwebembezi w'ekibiina kisya ekya Republican. Akahika aha bantu baingi omu kampeyini za Seneti eza 1858 kurwanisa Stephen A. Douglas Nk'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya Republican, Lincoln akaba aine kugyenda omu maisho n'ebiteekateeko by'eby'obutegyeki ebitarikushushana kuruga omu bibiina by'obutegyeki ebyabaire nibihakaniisa omu bwire bw'orutaro. Akaba ari omwebembezi w'amaani omu by'obutegyeki, kandi akaba naareeberera gye entekateeka y'amahe hamwe n'obukoryo bw'okurwaniisa, otwariiremu okuronda ba Genero hamwe n'okukoresa amahe g'omu maizi kuzibira emyanya y'amaato g'omu mashuuma.Akabinga ekiragiro kya Habeas Corpus omu kwa kana 1861, ekikorwa eki omuramuzi omukuru Roger Taney yaashangire omu kooti ya Ex parte Merryman ngu kikaba kiri eky'orukiiko rwa Congress kyonka, kandi yayetantara orutaro na Bungyereza arikukyendeeza aha nshonga ya Trent. Akaha orubazo rwa Gettysburg, orwahindukire rumwe aha rubazo orurikumanywa munonga omu byafaayo bya Amerika. Akahagira okuhindura ebiragiro bya 13 omu ngyendererwaho y'eihanga rya Amerika, ekyaretsireho okuhindura ebiragiro by'obuhuuku omuri 1865. Bwanyima y'okugaruka kutooranwa omuri 1864, akagyezaho kugarukaniisa eihanga eryabaire ritarikukwatanisa kurabira omu kugaruka kwombeka. Okwa kana ebiro 14 omuri 1865, ebiro bitaano bwanyima y'okwehayo kw'abakugu ba Confederate ahari Appomattox, Lincoln akaba ari omu muzaano aha Ford's Theatre omuri Washington, D.C., obu yaisirwe John Wilkes Booth, omushagiki wa Confederate.Lincoln naijukwa nk'omujurizi kandi omuzira w'eihanga ahabw'obwebembezi bwe omu rutaro hamwe n'amaani agu yaatairemu kurinda ekibiina hamwe n'okumaraho obuhuuku. == '''Eka hamwe n'obuto''' == === '''Amagara g'obuto''' === Abraham Lincoln akazaarirwa omu kaju k'ekishengye kimwe omuri Kentucky, okwa kabiri 12 omuri 1809, akakurira aha faamu ya Sinking Spring haihi na Hodgenville, Kentucky.Akaba ari omwijukuru wa Samuel Lincoln, omungyereza owaafurukire yaaza Massachusetts omu 1638,[4] hamwe n'eka ya Harrison eya Virginia.[c] Ishenkuru akafa kandi yaaheebwa eiziina Abraham Lincoln, yaatwara eka ye kuruga Virginia yaaza Kentucky. Omukuru w'amahe Abraham Lincoln akaitwa omu kurumbwa kw'Abahindi omuri 1786.[4] Eka ekatuura omuri Hardin County, Kentucky, omu kutandika kwa 1800.[6] Nancy naateekwateekwa kuba yaabaire ari muhara wa Lucy Hanks.[7] Thomas na Nancy bakashwerana omu Kwa mukaaga ebiro 12, 1806, kandi baaza kutuura omuri Elizabethtown, Kentucky.[8] Bakaba baine abaana bashatu: Sarah, Abraham, na Thomas; Thomas akafa akiri muto.[9] Ishe wa Lincoln akagura faamu nyingi omuri Kentucky kwonka akaba atarikubaasa kutunga ebyapa by'eitaka eryo, yaaferwa hiika z'eitaka omu ntongane z'ebiragiro.[10] Omu 1816, eka egyo ekaza Indiana, ahu ebyapa by'eitaka byabaire biri eby'obwesigwa.Bakatuura omu kibira omu kyaro kya Little Pigeon Creek Community.[12] Omu Kentucky na Indiana, Thomas akakora nk'omuhingi, omukozi w'ebibokisi, hamwe n'omubazi.Thomas na Nancy bakaba bari ba memba b'ekanisa ya Separate Baptist Church, ekibiina ky'ababuurizi abarikurwaniisa obuhuuku. Nga 5 Okwa ikumi omu 1818, Nancy akafa ahabw'oburwaire bw'amate, yaasiga Sarah ow'emyaka 11 arikureeberera eka, eyaabaire erimu ishe, Abraham ow'emyaka 9, hamwe na mwihwa wa Nancy ow'emyaka 19, Dennis Hanks.Thomas akashwera Sarah Bush Johnston, omufakazi owaabaire aine abaana bashatu, ebiro bibiri Okwa ikumi na kumwe omu 1819. == '''Okushoma n'okufuruka kuza Illinois''' == Lincoln akeegyera aha bintu bingi. Okushoma kwe okw'obutoosha kukaba kurimu okushoma kw'abashomesa abarikugyenda. Okwabaire kurimu okushoma kumara obwire bukye omuri Kentucky, ahu yaayegiire kushoma, kwonka obundi tareegiireyo kuhandiika. Bwanyima y'okufuruka yaaza Indiana aine emyaka mushanju, akaba atarikukira kuza omu ishomero, kandi akamara emyeezi etarikuhika ikumi na ebiri aine emyaka ikumi na etaano. Lincoln ku yaabaire akiri omunyeeto, ishe akaba naamwesiga munonga kukora emirimo y'omu faamu hamwe n'okwongyera aha ntaasya, arikupangisa omwojo ogu, abahingi b'omu kyanga ekyo, reero akatunga esente, nk'oku kyabaire kiri omu bwire obwo. Ku yaabaire akuzireho kakye, Lincoln hamwe na banywani be bakatunga omurimo gw'okutwara ebintu omu bwato aha nyanja kuza New Orleans, Louisiana, ahu obutare bw'abahuuku, kurugiirira aha muhandiiki w'ebyafaayo Michael Burlingame, "bwabaire nibwija kumureetera okwetomboita... Gukaba guri omurundi gw'okubanza, kwonka gutari gwa nyensya, okureeba obuhuuku arikubureeba."Omu kwezi kwa kashatu omuri 1830, ahabw'okutiina okubarukaho kw'endwara y'amate, abantu baingi omu ka ya Lincoln, otwariiremu na Abraham, bakaza omu burengyerwa-izooba bwa Illinois kandi baatuura omu Macon County.[24] Abraham akatandika kweyongyera kuba hare na Thomas, ahabw'okuba ishe akaba atarikukunda eby'obwegyese;[25] bwanyima akanga kuza aha kitanda kya ishe obu yaabaire arwaire nari aha kuziika kwe omuri 1851.[1] == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == [[Category:Wp/nyn]] 1p92kw4qc9lgcghkpxgwmlx07znn324 7256536 7256535 2026-07-20T11:57:10Z Rooth N 2608660 7256536 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q91}} '''Abraham Lincoln''' (akazaarwa ebiro 12 Okwa kabiri omuri 1809 – ebiro 15 Okwa kana omu 1865) akaba ari omwebembezi w'eihanga rya Amerika owa ikumi na mukaga. Akatandika kutegyeka omuri 1861 kuhisya obu yaisirwe omuri 1865. Akatwara Amerika omu rutaro rw'omunda, yaasingura amahanga agaabaire gari omu kibiina kya Confederate States kandi yaakora omurimo gw'amaani omu kumaraho obuhuuku. '''Lincoln''' akazaarirwa omu kaju k'ekishengye kimwe omuri Kentucky,<ref>McPherson, James (September 26, 2024). "Lincoln, Abraham". ''American National Biography''. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0400631|10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0400631]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFDonald1996|Donald 1996]], pp.&#x20;20–22.</ref> akakurira aha nsharo. Abraham Lincoln akakurira aha faamu ya Sinking Spring hamwe na Knob Creek haihi na Hodgenville, Kentucky. Omwana wa kabiri owa Thomas Lincoln na Nancy Hanks Lincoln, akaba ari mwijukuru wa Samuel Lincoln, Omungyereza owafurukire akaza Massachusetts omuri 1637<ref>Holland, Caroline Clark (January 1928). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=_3AmAQAAIAAJ&q=samuel+lincoln+sailed+john+dorothy Our English Background]". ''Daughters of the American Revolution Magazine''. Vol.&#x20;62, no.&#x20;1. pp.&#x20;135–142.</ref>. (Abraham Lincoln akagira ngu Samuel Lincoln "akaruga Norwich, England, omuri 1638".)<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFBurlingame2008|Burlingame 2008]], vol. 1 p. 1.</ref> Ishenkuru, n'orikwetererwa eiziina rye, Kapiteeni Abraham Lincoln, akafurura eka kuruga Virginia kuza Kentucky. Kapiteeni akaitwa omu kurumbwa kw'Abamerika abarikuruga omu mahanga agandi omuri 1786.<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFBurlingame2008|Burlingame 2008]], vol. 1 pp. 1–4.</ref> Eka egyo ekatuura omuri Hardin County, Kentucky, aha ntandikwa y'emyaka ya 1800.<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFDonald1996|Donald 1996]], pp.&#x20;21–22.</ref> Nancy naateekwateekwa kuba akaba ari muhara wa Lucy Hanks.<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFBartelt2008|Bartelt 2008]], p.&#x20;79.</ref> == Obwegyese n'okufuruka kuza Illinois == Lincoln akeshomesa<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFBartelt2008|Bartelt 2008]], pp.&#x20;10, 33.</ref>. Akaija yaaba rooya, omunyishengyero wa lllinois, kandi omujwekyerwa wa Amerika. Aine ekiniga ahabw'ekiragiro kya Kansas–Nebraska Act ekya 1854, ekyaigwireho ebicweka by'obuhuuku, akaba omwebembezi w'ekibiina kisya ekya Republican. Akahika aha bantu baingi omu kampeyini za Seneti eza 1858 kurwanisa Stephen A. Douglas Nk'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya Republican, Lincoln akaba aine kugyenda omu maisho n'ebiteekateeko by'eby'obutegyeki ebitarikushushana kuruga omu bibiina by'obutegyeki ebyabaire nibihakaniisa omu bwire bw'orutaro. Akaba ari omwebembezi w'amaani omu by'obutegyeki, kandi akaba naareeberera gye entekateeka y'amahe hamwe n'obukoryo bw'okurwaniisa, otwariiremu okuronda ba Genero hamwe n'okukoresa amahe g'omu maizi kuzibira emyanya y'amaato g'omu mashuuma.Akabinga ekiragiro kya Habeas Corpus omu kwa kana 1861, ekikorwa eki omuramuzi omukuru Roger Taney yaashangire omu kooti ya Ex parte Merryman ngu kikaba kiri eky'orukiiko rwa Congress kyonka, kandi yayetantara orutaro na Bungyereza arikukyendeeza aha nshonga ya Trent. Akaha orubazo rwa Gettysburg, orwahindukire rumwe aha rubazo orurikumanywa munonga omu byafaayo bya Amerika. Akahagira okuhindura ebiragiro bya 13 omu ngyendererwaho y'eihanga rya Amerika, ekyaretsireho okuhindura ebiragiro by'obuhuuku omuri 1865. Bwanyima y'okugaruka kutooranwa omuri 1864, akagyezaho kugarukaniisa eihanga eryabaire ritarikukwatanisa kurabira omu kugaruka kwombeka. Okwa kana ebiro 14 omuri 1865, ebiro bitaano bwanyima y'okwehayo kw'abakugu ba Confederate ahari Appomattox, Lincoln akaba ari omu muzaano aha Ford's Theatre omuri Washington, D.C., obu yaisirwe John Wilkes Booth, omushagiki wa Confederate.Lincoln naijukwa nk'omujurizi kandi omuzira w'eihanga ahabw'obwebembezi bwe omu rutaro hamwe n'amaani agu yaatairemu kurinda ekibiina hamwe n'okumaraho obuhuuku. == '''Eka hamwe n'obuto''' == === '''Amagara g'obuto''' === Abraham Lincoln akazaarirwa omu kaju k'ekishengye kimwe omuri Kentucky, okwa kabiri 12 omuri 1809, akakurira aha faamu ya Sinking Spring haihi na Hodgenville, Kentucky.Akaba ari omwijukuru wa Samuel Lincoln, omungyereza owaafurukire yaaza Massachusetts omu 1638,[4] hamwe n'eka ya Harrison eya Virginia.[c] Ishenkuru akafa kandi yaaheebwa eiziina Abraham Lincoln, yaatwara eka ye kuruga Virginia yaaza Kentucky. Omukuru w'amahe Abraham Lincoln akaitwa omu kurumbwa kw'Abahindi omuri 1786.[4] Eka ekatuura omuri Hardin County, Kentucky, omu kutandika kwa 1800.[6] Nancy naateekwateekwa kuba yaabaire ari muhara wa Lucy Hanks.[7] Thomas na Nancy bakashwerana omu Kwa mukaaga ebiro 12, 1806, kandi baaza kutuura omuri Elizabethtown, Kentucky.[8] Bakaba baine abaana bashatu: Sarah, Abraham, na Thomas; Thomas akafa akiri muto.<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFWhite2009|White 2009]], p.&#x20;18.</ref> Ishe wa Lincoln akagura faamu nyingi omuri Kentucky kwonka akaba atarikubaasa kutunga ebyapa by'eitaka eryo, yaaferwa hiika z'eitaka omu ntongane z'ebiragiro.[10] Omu 1816, eka egyo ekaza Indiana, ahu ebyapa by'eitaka byabaire biri eby'obwesigwa.Bakatuura omu kibira omu kyaro kya Little Pigeon Creek Community.[12] Omu Kentucky na Indiana, Thomas akakora nk'omuhingi, omukozi w'ebibokisi, hamwe n'omubazi.Thomas na Nancy bakaba bari ba memba b'ekanisa ya Separate Baptist Church, ekibiina ky'ababuurizi abarikurwaniisa obuhuuku. Nga 5 Okwa ikumi omu 1818, Nancy akafa ahabw'oburwaire bw'amate, yaasiga Sarah ow'emyaka 11 arikureeberera eka, eyaabaire erimu ishe, Abraham ow'emyaka 9, hamwe na mwihwa wa Nancy ow'emyaka 19, Dennis Hanks.Thomas akashwera Sarah Bush Johnston, omufakazi owaabaire aine abaana bashatu, ebiro bibiri Okwa ikumi na kumwe omu 1819. == '''Okushoma n'okufuruka kuza Illinois''' == Lincoln akeegyera aha bintu bingi. Okushoma kwe okw'obutoosha kukaba kurimu okushoma kw'abashomesa abarikugyenda. Okwabaire kurimu okushoma kumara obwire bukye omuri Kentucky, ahu yaayegiire kushoma, kwonka obundi tareegiireyo kuhandiika. Bwanyima y'okufuruka yaaza Indiana aine emyaka mushanju, akaba atarikukira kuza omu ishomero, kandi akamara emyeezi etarikuhika ikumi na ebiri aine emyaka ikumi na etaano. Lincoln ku yaabaire akiri omunyeeto, ishe akaba naamwesiga munonga kukora emirimo y'omu faamu hamwe n'okwongyera aha ntaasya, arikupangisa omwojo ogu, abahingi b'omu kyanga ekyo, reero akatunga esente, nk'oku kyabaire kiri omu bwire obwo. Ku yaabaire akuzireho kakye, Lincoln hamwe na banywani be bakatunga omurimo gw'okutwara ebintu omu bwato aha nyanja kuza New Orleans, Louisiana, ahu obutare bw'abahuuku, kurugiirira aha muhandiiki w'ebyafaayo Michael Burlingame, "bwabaire nibwija kumureetera okwetomboita... Gukaba guri omurundi gw'okubanza, kwonka gutari gwa nyensya, okureeba obuhuuku arikubureeba."Omu kwezi kwa kashatu omuri 1830, ahabw'okutiina okubarukaho kw'endwara y'amate, abantu baingi omu ka ya Lincoln, otwariiremu na Abraham, bakaza omu burengyerwa-izooba bwa Illinois kandi baatuura omu Macon County.[24] Abraham akatandika kweyongyera kuba hare na Thomas, ahabw'okuba ishe akaba atarikukunda eby'obwegyese;[25] bwanyima akanga kuza aha kitanda kya ishe obu yaabaire arwaire nari aha kuziika kwe omuri 1851.[1] == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == [[Category:Wp/nyn]] 1sf7yehobo3owtjdq07mqssvvv3q9p8 7256537 7256536 2026-07-20T11:58:17Z Rooth N 2608660 7256537 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q91}} '''Abraham Lincoln''' (akazaarwa ebiro 12 Okwa kabiri omuri 1809 – ebiro 15 Okwa kana omu 1865) akaba ari omwebembezi w'eihanga rya Amerika owa ikumi na mukaga. Akatandika kutegyeka omuri 1861 kuhisya obu yaisirwe omuri 1865. Akatwara Amerika omu rutaro rw'omunda, yaasingura amahanga agaabaire gari omu kibiina kya Confederate States kandi yaakora omurimo gw'amaani omu kumaraho obuhuuku. '''Lincoln''' akazaarirwa omu kaju k'ekishengye kimwe omuri Kentucky,<ref>McPherson, James (September 26, 2024). "Lincoln, Abraham". ''American National Biography''. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0400631|10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0400631]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFDonald1996|Donald 1996]], pp.&#x20;20–22.</ref> akakurira aha nsharo. Abraham Lincoln akakurira aha faamu ya Sinking Spring hamwe na Knob Creek haihi na Hodgenville, Kentucky. Omwana wa kabiri owa Thomas Lincoln na Nancy Hanks Lincoln, akaba ari mwijukuru wa Samuel Lincoln, Omungyereza owafurukire akaza Massachusetts omuri 1637<ref>Holland, Caroline Clark (January 1928). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=_3AmAQAAIAAJ&q=samuel+lincoln+sailed+john+dorothy Our English Background]". ''Daughters of the American Revolution Magazine''. Vol.&#x20;62, no.&#x20;1. pp.&#x20;135–142.</ref>. (Abraham Lincoln akagira ngu Samuel Lincoln "akaruga Norwich, England, omuri 1638".)<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFBurlingame2008|Burlingame 2008]], vol. 1 p. 1.</ref> Ishenkuru, n'orikwetererwa eiziina rye, Kapiteeni Abraham Lincoln, akafurura eka kuruga Virginia kuza Kentucky. Kapiteeni akaitwa omu kurumbwa kw'Abamerika abarikuruga omu mahanga agandi omuri 1786.<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFBurlingame2008|Burlingame 2008]], vol. 1 pp. 1–4.</ref> Eka egyo ekatuura omuri Hardin County, Kentucky, aha ntandikwa y'emyaka ya 1800.<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFDonald1996|Donald 1996]], pp.&#x20;21–22.</ref> Nancy naateekwateekwa kuba akaba ari muhara wa Lucy Hanks.<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFBartelt2008|Bartelt 2008]], p.&#x20;79.</ref> == Obwegyese n'okufuruka kuza Illinois == Lincoln akeshomesa<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFBartelt2008|Bartelt 2008]], pp.&#x20;10, 33.</ref>. Akaija yaaba rooya, omunyishengyero wa lllinois, kandi omujwekyerwa wa Amerika. Aine ekiniga ahabw'ekiragiro kya Kansas–Nebraska Act ekya 1854, ekyaigwireho ebicweka by'obuhuuku, akaba omwebembezi w'ekibiina kisya ekya Republican. Akahika aha bantu baingi omu kampeyini za Seneti eza 1858 kurwanisa Stephen A. Douglas Nk'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya Republican, Lincoln akaba aine kugyenda omu maisho n'ebiteekateeko by'eby'obutegyeki ebitarikushushana kuruga omu bibiina by'obutegyeki ebyabaire nibihakaniisa omu bwire bw'orutaro. Akaba ari omwebembezi w'amaani omu by'obutegyeki, kandi akaba naareeberera gye entekateeka y'amahe hamwe n'obukoryo bw'okurwaniisa, otwariiremu okuronda ba Genero hamwe n'okukoresa amahe g'omu maizi kuzibira emyanya y'amaato g'omu mashuuma.Akabinga ekiragiro kya Habeas Corpus omu kwa kana 1861, ekikorwa eki omuramuzi omukuru Roger Taney yaashangire omu kooti ya Ex parte Merryman ngu kikaba kiri eky'orukiiko rwa Congress kyonka, kandi yayetantara orutaro na Bungyereza arikukyendeeza aha nshonga ya Trent. Akaha orubazo rwa Gettysburg, orwahindukire rumwe aha rubazo orurikumanywa munonga omu byafaayo bya Amerika. Akahagira okuhindura ebiragiro bya 13 omu ngyendererwaho y'eihanga rya Amerika, ekyaretsireho okuhindura ebiragiro by'obuhuuku omuri 1865. Bwanyima y'okugaruka kutooranwa omuri 1864, akagyezaho kugarukaniisa eihanga eryabaire ritarikukwatanisa kurabira omu kugaruka kwombeka. Okwa kana ebiro 14 omuri 1865, ebiro bitaano bwanyima y'okwehayo kw'abakugu ba Confederate ahari Appomattox, Lincoln akaba ari omu muzaano aha Ford's Theatre omuri Washington, D.C., obu yaisirwe John Wilkes Booth, omushagiki wa Confederate.Lincoln naijukwa nk'omujurizi kandi omuzira w'eihanga ahabw'obwebembezi bwe omu rutaro hamwe n'amaani agu yaatairemu kurinda ekibiina hamwe n'okumaraho obuhuuku. == '''Eka hamwe n'obuto''' == === '''Amagara g'obuto''' === Abraham Lincoln akazaarirwa omu kaju k'ekishengye kimwe omuri Kentucky, okwa kabiri 12 omuri 1809, akakurira aha faamu ya Sinking Spring haihi na Hodgenville, Kentucky.Akaba ari omwijukuru wa Samuel Lincoln, omungyereza owaafurukire yaaza Massachusetts omu 1638,[4] hamwe n'eka ya Harrison eya Virginia.[c] Ishenkuru akafa kandi yaaheebwa eiziina Abraham Lincoln, yaatwara eka ye kuruga Virginia yaaza Kentucky. Omukuru w'amahe Abraham Lincoln akaitwa omu kurumbwa kw'Abahindi omuri 1786.[4] Eka ekatuura omuri Hardin County, Kentucky, omu kutandika kwa 1800.[6] Nancy naateekwateekwa kuba yaabaire ari muhara wa Lucy Hanks.[7] Thomas na Nancy bakashwerana omu Kwa mukaaga ebiro 12, 1806, kandi baaza kutuura omuri Elizabethtown, Kentucky.[8] Bakaba baine abaana bashatu: Sarah, Abraham, na Thomas; Thomas akafa akiri muto.<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFWhite2009|White 2009]], p.&#x20;18.</ref> Ishe wa Lincoln akagura faamu nyingi omuri Kentucky kwonka akaba atarikubaasa kutunga ebyapa by'eitaka eryo, yaaferwa hiika z'eitaka omu ntongane z'ebiragiro.<ref>[[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFDonald1996|Donald 1996]], pp.&#x20;22–24; [[:en:Abraham_Lincoln#CITEREFBurlingame2008|Burlingame 2008]], vol. 1 pp. 6–8.</ref> Omu 1816, eka egyo ekaza Indiana, ahu ebyapa by'eitaka byabaire biri eby'obwesigwa.Bakatuura omu kibira omu kyaro kya Little Pigeon Creek Community.[12] Omu Kentucky na Indiana, Thomas akakora nk'omuhingi, omukozi w'ebibokisi, hamwe n'omubazi.Thomas na Nancy bakaba bari ba memba b'ekanisa ya Separate Baptist Church, ekibiina ky'ababuurizi abarikurwaniisa obuhuuku. Nga 5 Okwa ikumi omu 1818, Nancy akafa ahabw'oburwaire bw'amate, yaasiga Sarah ow'emyaka 11 arikureeberera eka, eyaabaire erimu ishe, Abraham ow'emyaka 9, hamwe na mwihwa wa Nancy ow'emyaka 19, Dennis Hanks.Thomas akashwera Sarah Bush Johnston, omufakazi owaabaire aine abaana bashatu, ebiro bibiri Okwa ikumi na kumwe omu 1819. == '''Okushoma n'okufuruka kuza Illinois''' == Lincoln akeegyera aha bintu bingi. Okushoma kwe okw'obutoosha kukaba kurimu okushoma kw'abashomesa abarikugyenda. Okwabaire kurimu okushoma kumara obwire bukye omuri Kentucky, ahu yaayegiire kushoma, kwonka obundi tareegiireyo kuhandiika. Bwanyima y'okufuruka yaaza Indiana aine emyaka mushanju, akaba atarikukira kuza omu ishomero, kandi akamara emyeezi etarikuhika ikumi na ebiri aine emyaka ikumi na etaano. Lincoln ku yaabaire akiri omunyeeto, ishe akaba naamwesiga munonga kukora emirimo y'omu faamu hamwe n'okwongyera aha ntaasya, arikupangisa omwojo ogu, abahingi b'omu kyanga ekyo, reero akatunga esente, nk'oku kyabaire kiri omu bwire obwo. Ku yaabaire akuzireho kakye, Lincoln hamwe na banywani be bakatunga omurimo gw'okutwara ebintu omu bwato aha nyanja kuza New Orleans, Louisiana, ahu obutare bw'abahuuku, kurugiirira aha muhandiiki w'ebyafaayo Michael Burlingame, "bwabaire nibwija kumureetera okwetomboita... Gukaba guri omurundi gw'okubanza, kwonka gutari gwa nyensya, okureeba obuhuuku arikubureeba."Omu kwezi kwa kashatu omuri 1830, ahabw'okutiina okubarukaho kw'endwara y'amate, abantu baingi omu ka ya Lincoln, otwariiremu na Abraham, bakaza omu burengyerwa-izooba bwa Illinois kandi baatuura omu Macon County.[24] Abraham akatandika kweyongyera kuba hare na Thomas, ahabw'okuba ishe akaba atarikukunda eby'obwegyese;[25] bwanyima akanga kuza aha kitanda kya ishe obu yaabaire arwaire nari aha kuziika kwe omuri 1851.[1] == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == [[Category:Wp/nyn]] 75p2f1wzkvprmhmjyepf53isns4yml5 0 3742337 7256257 7122999 2026-07-20T08:16:55Z Kluntjekniiper 2659379 7256257 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi''' ([[Wp/frs/Gujarati|Gujarati]]: મોહનદાસ કરમચંદ ગાંધી, मोहनदास करमचंद गांधी ''Mohandās Karamchand Gāndhī''; nöymt '''Mahatma Gandhi'''; * [[Wp/frs/2. Oktober|2. oktoober]] [[Wp/frs/1869|1869]] in [[Wp/frs/Porbandar|Porbandar]], [[Wp/frs/Prowins Bumbai|prowins Bumbai]], [Briitsk-Injen]]; † [[Wp/frs/30. Januar|30 jannerwoi]] [[Wp/frs/1948|1948]] in [[Wp/frs/Näj-Delhi|Näj-Delhi]], [[Wp/frs/Delhi|Delhi]], [[Wp/frs/Republik Injen|Republik Injen]]) was 'n [[Wp/frs/Injen|indisk]] afkóót, publisist, moróólmester, askêet un pasiifist däi tau d' gäistelk un politisk läider fan dat [[Wp/frs/Indisk unofhangelkkaidsbeweegen|indisk unofhangelkkaidsbeweegen]] wur. Al up d' wäen fan 't 19. tau 't 20. jorhunnert set'de sük Gandhi in [[Wp/frs/Süüdóófrikó|Süüdóófrikó]] föör 't gliikberechtigen fan däi Inders in un undwikkelde d'r bii metooden fan d' [[Wp/frs/Gewaltlöes|gewaltlöes]], politisk striid. Nóó siin t'rüeğkeer nóó Injen 1915 stöönt häi däi weerstand fan däi [[Wp/frs/Kungrespartäj|Kungrespartäj]] teegen däi [[Wp/frs/Briitsk Raj|briitsk Raj]] un wur in d' 1920er joren däi undskäidend föörstriider föör 'n fräej Injen. As äien fan däi êerst set'de häi däi [[Wp/frs/Hungerstraik|hungerstraik]] as politisk wóópen in. Gandhi keerde sük teegen kulonióóel uutbüüten un föörderde dat inhollen fan däi [[Wp/frs/Minskenrechten|minskenrechten]] ook föör [[Wp/frs/Dalit|Dalit]], däi soo nöymt unberörboren, man sünner dat indisk [[Wp/frs/Kastensüsteem|kastensüsteem]] in 't gehäil in fróóeğ t' stellen. Häi wünskerde sük Injen as sekulêer stóót, wor Hindus un Musliimen freedelk t'sóómenleeven sullent. Häi fawoorisäärde 'n up [[Wp/frs/Aarbaid|aarbaid]] berüstend [[Wp/frs/Aautarkii|aautarkii]] un 'n wirtskaftssüsteem up bursk grundlóóeğ. Dat unofhangelkkaidsbeweegen, dat Gandhi siin ideen fan [[Wp/frs/Gewaltfräej aksjoonen|gewaltfräej aksjoonen]] un [[Wp/frs/Tsiwîil ungehoorsóóm|tsiwîil ungehoorsóóm]] upgreep, kreeğ in d' aaugust 1947 dat äen fan d' briitsk kulonióólheerskup oover Injen föörnanner. 'N half joer d'r nóó stüürv Gandhi, däi dat mit däi unofhangelkkaid ferbunnen [[Wp/frs/Däilen fan Injen|däilen fan Injen]] altiid ofleent haar, bii 'n attendóód fan 'n [[Wp/frs/Hindu-nóósjoonóólist|hindu-nóósjoonóólist]]. Gandhi ferbroch in Süüdóófrikó un Injen in 't gehäil acht joer in 't gefangenis. Siin grundhollen ''[[Wp/frs/Satyagraha|Satyagraha]]'' dat räecht fasthollen an däi [[Wp/frs/Worhaid|worhaid]] het häi in fööl skriften ferklort un altiid wiider undwikkelt. 'T umfat't teegen ''[[Wp/frs/Ahimsa|Ahimsa]]'' gewaltlössiğkaid, noch anner eetsk föörderns as t.B. ''Swaraj'', wat soo wal indiwiduäel as ook politisk sülstkuntruel un sülstbestemmen bedüd't. Al in leevendstiiden weerldwiid bekent, is Gandhi bit fandóóeğ föör 'n büelt lüü 'n föörbild. Häi wur meerder móólen föör däi [[Wp/frs/Freedensnoobelpriis|freedensnoobelpriis]] nominäärt, däi in siin doodsjoer um sümboolsk räidens näit fergeeven wur. Net soo as [[Wp/frs/Nelson Mandela|Nelson Mandela]] of [[Wp/frs/Martin Luther King|Martin Luther King]] telt häi as 'n föörstóónd fertreeder in d' [[Wp/frs/Freihaidsstriid|freihaidsstriid]] teegen [[Wp/frs/Kulonióólismus|kulonióólismus]], [[Wp/frs/Unnerdrükken|unnerdrükken]] un [[Wp/frs/Sosjóóel ungerechtiğkaid|sosjóóel ungerechtiğkaid]]. [[Category:Wp/frs]] {{INTERWIKI|Q1001}} eojfqecgevjd8p7l0w8morq2pqsx4wq 2 3747486 7256028 7127800 2026-07-20T02:37:30Z Song GK 2574547 removed [[Category:Wt/iba]] using [[Help:Gadget-HotCat|HotCat]] 7256028 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Jaku Iban== ===Reti=== ====Jaku nama==== {{head|iba|jaku nama}} # Bunyi ti' dikeluarka utai ti'berindas tauka bekindas. #: {{ux|iba|Tekenyit amat aku ninga '''rikuk''' sanding sadau diindik nuan. }} 5pgip0ww61xp5l9h98cb82voc3azt5e 0 3752054 7255891 7138983 2026-07-19T21:09:13Z Revibot 1236611 Bot: Fixing double redirect from [[Wp/hnm/家]] to [[Wp/hnm/厝]] 7255891 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Wp/hnm/厝]] p5cjb798c0h7jgft2y0leojrgd17bzi 0 3752724 7255827 7191147 2026-07-19T19:30:44Z Ngabirano johnan 2662404 Grammatic correction 7255827 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Aberi Kakyomya Balya''' akaba ari omuhwezi w'omureeberezi w'abakurisitaayo omuri Uganda ahagati y'ekyaasha kya makumi 20. Akashomera Bishop Tucker College kandi yaatongozibwa omu gwa 1922. Akatooranwa kuba Canon omu gwa 1935 kandi yaatongozibwa omuri Kampala Cathedral ebiro 26 Okwaikumi omu gwa 1947 kuheereza nk'omuhwezi wa Bishop wa Uganda ekyokureeberaho akaba omuhwezi wa bishopu omu bureeberezi bwa Uganda.Omu murimo ogwo, akaba aine obujunaanizibwa bw'omutaano aha byanga bya Bunyoro, Tooro, Ankole (sub-region) na Kigezi Disiturikiti. Kigezi akakora kuhisya obu yaahumwire omu gwa 1960 aine emyaka 83. Akaf a ebiro 26 Okwa ikumi na kumwe omu gwa 1979, aine emyaka 102.Ebitongore bingi bitairweho eiziina rye otwariiremu nka Siniya ya Bishop Balya, eishomero ry'abaishiki ery' omuri Disiturikiti ya Kamwenge. [Category:Wp/nyn]. eto5ix2jxrx3mws01yjaj2jhlv9pzn6 7255828 7255827 2026-07-19T19:31:13Z Ngabirano johnan 2662404 Grammatical correction 7255828 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Aberi Kakyomya Balya''' akaba ari omuhwezi w'omureeberezi w'abakurisitaayo omuri Uganda ahagati y'ekyaasha kya makumi 20. Akashomera Bishop Tucker College kandi yaatongozibwa omu gwa 1922. Akatooranwa kuba Canon omu gwa 1935 kandi yaatongozibwa omuri Kampala Cathedral ebiro 26 Okwaikumi omu gwa 1947 kuheereza nk'omuhwezi wa Bishop wa Uganda ekyokureeberaho akaba omuhwezi wa bishopu omu bureeberezi bwa Uganda.Omu murimo ogwo, akaba aine obujunaanizibwa bw'omutaano aha byanga bya Bunyoro, Tooro, Ankole (sub-region) na Kigezi Disiturikiti. Kigezi akakora kuhisya obu yaahumwire omu gwa 1960 aine emyaka 83. Akaf wa ebiro 26 Okwa ikumi na kumwe omu gwa 1979, aine emyaka 102.Ebitongore bingi bitairweho eiziina rye otwariiremu nka Siniya ya Bishop Balya, eishomero ry'abaishiki ery' omuri Disiturikiti ya Kamwenge. [Category:Wp/nyn]. mntyiynj02gck90a3bi62qefldl5ah1 7255829 7255828 2026-07-19T19:31:39Z Ngabirano johnan 2662404 Grammatical correction 7255829 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Aberi Kakyomya Balya''' akaba ari omuhwezi w'omureeberezi w'abakurisitaayo omuri Uganda ahagati y'ekyaasha kya makumi 20. Akashomera Bishop Tucker College kandi yaatongozibwa omu gwa 1922. Akatooranwa kuba Canon omu gwa 1935 kandi yaatongozibwa omuri Kampala Cathedral ebiro 26 Okwaikumi omu gwa 1947 kuheereza nk'omuhwezi wa Bishop wa Uganda ekyokureeberaho akaba omuhwezi wa bishopu omu bureeberezi bwa Uganda.Omu murimo ogwo, akaba aine obujunaanizibwa bw'omutaano aha byanga bya Bunyoro, Tooro, Ankole (sub-region) na Kigezi Disiturikiti. Kigezi akakora kuhisya obu yaahumwire omu gwa 1960 aine emyaka 83. Akafwa ebiro 26 Okwa ikumi na kumwe omu gwa 1979, aine emyaka 102.Ebitongore bingi bitairweho eiziina rye otwariiremu nka Siniya ya Bishop Balya, eishomero ry'abaishiki ery' omuri Disiturikiti ya Kamwenge. [Category:Wp/nyn]. m5hdd03v6f60rs0cgud2hnfvxmgy9et 0 3770181 7255890 7182130 2026-07-19T21:09:03Z Revibot 1236611 Bot: Fixing double redirect from [[Wp/hnm/女]] to [[Wp/hnm/查某]] 7255890 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Wp/hnm/查某]] 74aaej6l5q88chrzn09u3vfwblfxwil 3 3770792 7255896 7183448 2026-07-19T21:10:03Z Revibot 1236611 Bot: Fixing double redirect from [[User talk:Contaanonimao5bre4o54]] to [[User talk:Trevisando]] 7255896 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[User talk:Trevisando]] 2lxuvk23bbfihhvt07q4sepc46epjil 0 3772039 7255665 7255512 2026-07-19T13:15:34Z Tatoyayo 2686294 /* Ponam Ager */ 7255665 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrg/Infobox person |Ager=Agom-mibu, |image=Tabu Taid.jpg |birthname=Tabu Ram Taíd |death_place=Guahati |nationality=Bharotiyo |birth_place=Ayéngiya, Gunasuti, Lokimpur |birth_date=1942, 1 August |name=Tabu Ram Taíd |death_date=2019, 17 August }} '''Tabu Ram Taíd''' ([[Wp/mrg/Ingraji|Ingraji]]: Tabu Ram Taid)bí airu:pé kinjub-kinlabné tani:ko. Bí airu:pé tébégdopé gomlabém addagai. Bík adnamkídí:do airu:pé o:rí:pé lukéngé kadungai. Bí [[Wp/mrg/Mising agom|Mising agomém]] írga:monam léga:pé bojérungko agerém gerra gíkang. Bí Mising agom légango:lok agerém germangai, Mising dírbí légangésin bojérungko agerém gertag. Mising ni:tom (oi-ni:tom odokké anu ni:tom) so:nam atíkídí:dok írga:nam léga:pésin mé:bomsudopé agerém gertag. Édé Mising dírbídém ami tani: lottalo:pésin boma:la mo:píso pu:po jarpomonam agerém gertag.<ref>{{Wp/mrg/Cite web|url=https://www.sentinelassam.com/north-east-india-news/assam-news/assam-statue-of-noted-educationist-tabu-ram-taid-unveiled-673585|publication-date=02 Nov 2023|title=Assam: Statue of noted educationist Tabu Ram Taid unveiled}}</ref> Mising agom, [[Wp/mrg/Mising Gomlab|Mising Gomlab]]ém mirémbonam léga:pé ager gerga:lok bím [[Wp/mrg/Mising Agom Kébang|Mising Agom Kébang]]é [[Wp/mrg/Agom Migang|Agom Migang]] yamminki toyumtag.<ref>https://abilac.org/former-director/</ref> == Ponam Ager == Aíké do:lu:do du:né Tamonsuk Pobug pokodo Tabu Ram Taídbí dítag 1946-50 do pobug ponamém porika. Dítag 1951 dokké bi porika Uttor Lokhimpur Gobt. Hai Iskuldo. 1958 dítagdo bí metrig ankangém bila akoné dibijoném pa:la pa:ska. Metrigdém aipé aidopé pokurnam lédupé bí bottapé porinam légangé Kolkatalok Norendropurlo du:né Ram Krishno Mison Ashrom lokké 1960 dítagdo I.Sc. dém aipé aidopé pokurka. Kolkata Inibarsiti:lokké bí 1963 dítagdo B.A. ponamdém Inglishlok Onars la:la aidopé pokurka. 1966 dítagdo bí Delhi Inibarsiti:lokké M.A.dém pokurka. M.A.dém pokurnam lédupé migom ager gertu:la Tabu Ram Taídbí 'Applied Linguistic'lok Post Graduate Diplomangém Reading Uni-versity, Londonlokké 1973-74 dítagdo langka. University of London lokké 1982 ditagdo 'Certificate course in Distance bila aidogom kinam kanam ékérém lugé: la migomé bím UPSC Teaching' ponamém poka, 1970 dítagdo bí UPSC ankangém agerro tolig tomang. Poyirnam ager gernam: Tabu Ram Taídbi 1963 ditagdo B.A. pokurnam lédupé Ghilamora Hai Iskuldo poyirnépé agerém gerka. 1966 dítagdo M.A. dém pokur ge:la North Benk Kolej, Dhemaji Kolejlo bí porainam agerém gerka. Dhokuakhana Kolejdo la:lenboné Prinsipal pé ige:la 1967 dokké bí Guwahati:lok du:né Koton Kolejdo Inglish pe:le:dok Porphisarpé agerém gerka. Migom ager gernam: APSC ankangé 1981 dítag do aila Koton Kolejdok poyirnamém mépagla Tabu Ram Taídbí Ohom Kin-go pe:le:lok Ru:tum ame: (DDPI)pé agerém gerka 1981 dítagdokké 1984 dítag do:pé. 1984 dítagdokké 1989 dítagdo:pé bí Kamrup Mo:dumdok Iskulkídí:lok ka:sí:népé agerém gerka. Odok lédupé bíkké ager gernamém ka:líg mé:líg sula migomé ba:nyi baumpé kínggí:né agerém gerbomdopé tolíkka. 1990 dítagdokké 2000 dítagdo:pé bí Higher Education lok Ru:tum, SEBA, SCERTlok Ru:tum odokké 1989 do Anundoram Barooah Institute of Language, Arts and Culture (ABILAC)dok la:lenboné Ru:tumpé ika. 1997 dítagdokké 2004 dítag do:pé bi State Selection Boarddok Ru:tumpésin du:la agerém naréngo:pé gerka. Tabu Ram Taídbí okoloi agerém geryéji, oddoi apping ager gernaméi naré: pésé:la aipé aidungai. Odok légangé Kin-go pe:le:dém ka:sí: dopé migomé bím ménggésula agerém tolígdungai. Édé agerkídí:dok ara:do-Assam State Education Commissiondok ager ajon, National == Réngam Ager == Tabu Ram Taídbí porila du:dodokkébo do:lung réngam agerém aipé mé:nékai. Aíké do:lu:dok sí:jon ajon lédulo gímínna bí so:man mankolo Oi-ni:tom moyangai. Lédupé mo:té: mo:té:pé porila du:pénampé ila bí aíké réngam légangé agerém gerra:ma:pé ikang. Émdogom bí aíké réngam agomém gomsarpé adla réngamém lusí:namémpé idungai. Ponamém pongabnam lédupé Koton Kolejdo poyirné agerém gerdodokké bíréngam agerémsin gerropkaku. 1968 dítagdo Mising agom, gomlab la: réngamém mosí:nam agomém ru:bosula Guwahati:do migom ager gerra du:né la: porila du:né Mising réngamém jonsula 'Guwahati Mising Kébang'ém ba:lenboka. Édé kéba:dok bí du:pongarné kébang abupé ika. Porila, Ph.D. ila du:né Nahendro Pa:dunmé nébí: pé tolíkka. Mising Agom Kéba:dok Kébang Abu : 1972 dítagdo Mising Agom Kébangém Sibsagor mo:dumdok Disangmukhdo ba:lenka. Anupé ba:lennam kéba:dok Abupé Tabu Ram Taídmé, Nébí:pé Nahendro Pa:dunmé tolíkka. 1972 dítagdokké 1980 dítagdo:pé bí Mising Agom Kéba: dok kébang abupé ila agerém gerka Book Trustdok ager ajon, North-Eastern Oral Literature Centre dok ager ajon, Sahitya Akademi dok ager ajon, Academic Councildok ager ajon, Assam University, Gauhati University, Dibrugarh University lok ager ajonpé du:nam kídí: dém lukan bila:dag. Midang: Ghilamoralok Seniram Sayengiya:ké omé Basonti Sayengiya:mé 1967 dítagdo Tabu Ram Taídbílangka. Bínyikké ommang kídí:dé- Miranda la: Milindo bínyi. . == Potin La:lennam == === Mising Potin === # Mising Gompir Kumsung # Mising Gomlam Potin == Gomlab Ager == Potin la:lennam ager: Tabu Ram Taídbí aré kané potiném bojéko adlenka. Édé potinkídí: dé- 1. Miro Migolo (tíkum), 1956 2. Mising Agom Adyir, 1971 3. Poman-Moman, 1984 4. Mising Bhashar Banan-Poddhoti, 1983 5. Bani Kanta Kakati - The Man and his works. 1988 (comp. Dr. Ranjit Dev Goswami) 6. A Dictionary of the Mising Language, 1995 7. Ya:yok Do:ying (tíkum), 2005 8. Ekuki Nibondho, 2007 9. Glimpses, 2007 10. Mising Gompir Kumsung, 2010 (nébíng) 11. Mising Gomlam Potin (I), 2015 12. English for Schools - English Grammar and composition 13. Mising Folk-Tales, 2013 (ed.) 14. An Introduction to Mising Phonology and Grammar, 2016 15. The Scheduled Tribes of Assam, 2017 16. Mising Gomlam-Potin, 2017.- Toyumnamé la: Aman binam: Aré kané ager gernamém appíngéi ménggésudag, mé:tinsudag odokké toligdag. Tabu Ram Taídbí turra du:dodém mimong kin-go légangé, mo:rum kin-go légangé odokké aíké ope:, réngam kin-go légangé naré: pé bojéko agerém gerka. bíkké édémpé ager gernamém ka:líg sula migom lokké, angu angu kébang, ope:lokké bím toyumna yamminém, amaném bika. Odok buluk ara:do- 1. Agom Migang, 2007 (Mising Agom Kébang) 2. Sukapha Aman, 2011 (Ohom migomlokké) 3. Obonori Aín, 2012 (Ghunahuti mo:tagdokké) 4. Bhasha Sonman, 2012 (Sahityo Akademi) 5. Basudeb Jalan Aman, (Asom Sahityo Sobha) 6. Assam Shresta (Sikshya), (The Telegraph, LIC) 7. Anundoram Barooah Awards (ABILAC) 8. Ph.D Yammin (KKH Open University) Dírbí léga:pé gernam ager: Tabu Ram Taídbí poyirné, migom ager gerjo:né, adné taniyo:komangai, bímopuna:sin. Bík monam tatponé ni:tomém réngamé airu:pé aipé mé:dungai. Bí Guwahati Rediyo sentarlokké Mising anu ni:tomém mopongka. Ohom migomlok dírbí pe:le:dokké la:lennam 'Long Playing Record'lo bí Rita Debi Medokmé mojonsula 'Asi Jili Jiliko' ni:tomdém moka. Torun Sondro Pa:mega:mké adnam Mising Agom Kéba:dok Lé:tom tomsa:nané ni:tomdok torídé Tabu Ram Taídké binamé. Dr. Bhupen Hajorikaké molennam Teli: pilim 'Miri Jiyori'dok agom-gomyarkídí:dém Tabu Ram Taídbí adlen bika. Atí atí: Tabu Ram Taídbí porinélok légangé Rediyongki Inglishém poyirdungai. Bí Rediyo:lo Mising agomémsin poyirka. Gombíg kama:né agomkídí:dok gombíg légangé bí aipé aré kané agomém lubodungai. Sinam: Aso: aso:pé Tabu Ram Taídké ékéré aima:pé lyangkang. 2019 dítagdok 17 Agosto longédo bíGuwahati:lok Apolo Hospitaldo 77 dítakko turra dungge:la amigém migjémkang. Bíkké amírdém mimong migomé migom moírkampé ménggésula mosí:la Gugamukhdok Abutani lottado mésíngka. == Aman Pa:nam == # Agom Migang 2007 - Mising Agom Kébangé binam bottéya:pagné Gomlab Aman # Basudeb Jalan Bota # Ohom Migomlok Gomlab Penson # Sukapha Bota 2011 - Ohom Migomé binam aman # Obonori Dogné 2012 - Obonori Ghunasuti réngamé binam aman == Ka:yi:sunam == [[Category:Wp/mrg]] <references />{{INTERWIKI|Q7673594}} [[Category:Wp/mrg/Mising tani]] 7uz9bh5tjidvasl2zdj3wd5wn6m3d10 7255666 7255665 2026-07-19T13:16:52Z Tatoyayo 2686294 /* Ponam Ager */ 7255666 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrg/Infobox person |Ager=Agom-mibu, |image=Tabu Taid.jpg |birthname=Tabu Ram Taíd |death_place=Guahati |nationality=Bharotiyo |birth_place=Ayéngiya, Gunasuti, Lokimpur |birth_date=1942, 1 August |name=Tabu Ram Taíd |death_date=2019, 17 August }} '''Tabu Ram Taíd''' ([[Wp/mrg/Ingraji|Ingraji]]: Tabu Ram Taid)bí airu:pé kinjub-kinlabné tani:ko. Bí airu:pé tébégdopé gomlabém addagai. Bík adnamkídí:do airu:pé o:rí:pé lukéngé kadungai. Bí [[Wp/mrg/Mising agom|Mising agomém]] írga:monam léga:pé bojérungko agerém gerra gíkang. Bí Mising agom légango:lok agerém germangai, Mising dírbí légangésin bojérungko agerém gertag. Mising ni:tom (oi-ni:tom odokké anu ni:tom) so:nam atíkídí:dok írga:nam léga:pésin mé:bomsudopé agerém gertag. Édé Mising dírbídém ami tani: lottalo:pésin boma:la mo:píso pu:po jarpomonam agerém gertag.<ref>{{Wp/mrg/Cite web|url=https://www.sentinelassam.com/north-east-india-news/assam-news/assam-statue-of-noted-educationist-tabu-ram-taid-unveiled-673585|publication-date=02 Nov 2023|title=Assam: Statue of noted educationist Tabu Ram Taid unveiled}}</ref> Mising agom, [[Wp/mrg/Mising Gomlab|Mising Gomlab]]ém mirémbonam léga:pé ager gerga:lok bím [[Wp/mrg/Mising Agom Kébang|Mising Agom Kébang]]é [[Wp/mrg/Agom Migang|Agom Migang]] yamminki toyumtag.<ref>https://abilac.org/former-director/</ref> == Ponam Ager == Aíké do:lu:do du:né Tamonsuk Pobug pokodo Tabu Ram Taídbí dítag 1946-50 do pobug ponamém porika. Dítag 1951 dokké bi porika Uttor Lokhimpur Gobt. Hai Iskuldo. 1958 dítagdo bí metrig ankangém bila akoné dibijoném pa:la pa:ska. Metrigdém aipé aidopé pokurnam lédupé bí bottapé porinam légangé Kolkatalok Norendropurlo du:né Ram Krishno Mison Ashrom lokké dítag1960 do I.Sc. dém aipé aidopé pokurka. Kolkata Inibarsiti:lokké bí dítag1963 do B.A. ponamdém Inglishlok Onars la:la aidopé pokurka. 1966 dítagdo bí Delhi Inibarsiti:lokké M.A.dém pokurka. M.A.dém pokurnam lédupé migom ager gertu:la Tabu Ram Taídbí 'Applied Linguistic'lok Post Graduate Diplomangém Reading Uni-versity, Londonlokké 1973-74 dítagdo langka. University of London lokké 1982 ditagdo 'Certificate course in Distance bila aidogom kinam kanam ékérém lugé: la migomé bím UPSC Teaching' ponamém poka, 1970 dítagdo bí UPSC ankangém agerro tolig tomang. Poyirnam ager gernam: Tabu Ram Taídbi 1963 ditagdo B.A. pokurnam lédupé Ghilamora Hai Iskuldo poyirnépé agerém gerka. 1966 dítagdo M.A. dém pokur ge:la North Benk Kolej, Dhemaji Kolejlo bí porainam agerém gerka. Dhokuakhana Kolejdo la:lenboné Prinsipal pé ige:la 1967 dokké bí Guwahati:lok du:né Koton Kolejdo Inglish pe:le:dok Porphisarpé agerém gerka. Migom ager gernam: APSC ankangé 1981 dítag do aila Koton Kolejdok poyirnamém mépagla Tabu Ram Taídbí Ohom Kin-go pe:le:lok Ru:tum ame: (DDPI)pé agerém gerka 1981 dítagdokké 1984 dítag do:pé. 1984 dítagdokké 1989 dítagdo:pé bí Kamrup Mo:dumdok Iskulkídí:lok ka:sí:népé agerém gerka. Odok lédupé bíkké ager gernamém ka:líg mé:líg sula migomé ba:nyi baumpé kínggí:né agerém gerbomdopé tolíkka. 1990 dítagdokké 2000 dítagdo:pé bí Higher Education lok Ru:tum, SEBA, SCERTlok Ru:tum odokké 1989 do Anundoram Barooah Institute of Language, Arts and Culture (ABILAC)dok la:lenboné Ru:tumpé ika. 1997 dítagdokké 2004 dítag do:pé bi State Selection Boarddok Ru:tumpésin du:la agerém naréngo:pé gerka. Tabu Ram Taídbí okoloi agerém geryéji, oddoi apping ager gernaméi naré: pésé:la aipé aidungai. Odok légangé Kin-go pe:le:dém ka:sí: dopé migomé bím ménggésula agerém tolígdungai. Édé agerkídí:dok ara:do-Assam State Education Commissiondok ager ajon, National == Réngam Ager == Tabu Ram Taídbí porila du:dodokkébo do:lung réngam agerém aipé mé:nékai. Aíké do:lu:dok sí:jon ajon lédulo gímínna bí so:man mankolo Oi-ni:tom moyangai. Lédupé mo:té: mo:té:pé porila du:pénampé ila bí aíké réngam légangé agerém gerra:ma:pé ikang. Émdogom bí aíké réngam agomém gomsarpé adla réngamém lusí:namémpé idungai. Ponamém pongabnam lédupé Koton Kolejdo poyirné agerém gerdodokké bíréngam agerémsin gerropkaku. 1968 dítagdo Mising agom, gomlab la: réngamém mosí:nam agomém ru:bosula Guwahati:do migom ager gerra du:né la: porila du:né Mising réngamém jonsula 'Guwahati Mising Kébang'ém ba:lenboka. Édé kéba:dok bí du:pongarné kébang abupé ika. Porila, Ph.D. ila du:né Nahendro Pa:dunmé nébí: pé tolíkka. Mising Agom Kéba:dok Kébang Abu : 1972 dítagdo Mising Agom Kébangém Sibsagor mo:dumdok Disangmukhdo ba:lenka. Anupé ba:lennam kéba:dok Abupé Tabu Ram Taídmé, Nébí:pé Nahendro Pa:dunmé tolíkka. 1972 dítagdokké 1980 dítagdo:pé bí Mising Agom Kéba: dok kébang abupé ila agerém gerka Book Trustdok ager ajon, North-Eastern Oral Literature Centre dok ager ajon, Sahitya Akademi dok ager ajon, Academic Councildok ager ajon, Assam University, Gauhati University, Dibrugarh University lok ager ajonpé du:nam kídí: dém lukan bila:dag. Midang: Ghilamoralok Seniram Sayengiya:ké omé Basonti Sayengiya:mé 1967 dítagdo Tabu Ram Taídbílangka. Bínyikké ommang kídí:dé- Miranda la: Milindo bínyi. . == Potin La:lennam == === Mising Potin === # Mising Gompir Kumsung # Mising Gomlam Potin == Gomlab Ager == Potin la:lennam ager: Tabu Ram Taídbí aré kané potiném bojéko adlenka. Édé potinkídí: dé- 1. Miro Migolo (tíkum), 1956 2. Mising Agom Adyir, 1971 3. Poman-Moman, 1984 4. Mising Bhashar Banan-Poddhoti, 1983 5. Bani Kanta Kakati - The Man and his works. 1988 (comp. Dr. Ranjit Dev Goswami) 6. A Dictionary of the Mising Language, 1995 7. Ya:yok Do:ying (tíkum), 2005 8. Ekuki Nibondho, 2007 9. Glimpses, 2007 10. Mising Gompir Kumsung, 2010 (nébíng) 11. Mising Gomlam Potin (I), 2015 12. English for Schools - English Grammar and composition 13. Mising Folk-Tales, 2013 (ed.) 14. An Introduction to Mising Phonology and Grammar, 2016 15. The Scheduled Tribes of Assam, 2017 16. Mising Gomlam-Potin, 2017.- Toyumnamé la: Aman binam: Aré kané ager gernamém appíngéi ménggésudag, mé:tinsudag odokké toligdag. Tabu Ram Taídbí turra du:dodém mimong kin-go légangé, mo:rum kin-go légangé odokké aíké ope:, réngam kin-go légangé naré: pé bojéko agerém gerka. bíkké édémpé ager gernamém ka:líg sula migom lokké, angu angu kébang, ope:lokké bím toyumna yamminém, amaném bika. Odok buluk ara:do- 1. Agom Migang, 2007 (Mising Agom Kébang) 2. Sukapha Aman, 2011 (Ohom migomlokké) 3. Obonori Aín, 2012 (Ghunahuti mo:tagdokké) 4. Bhasha Sonman, 2012 (Sahityo Akademi) 5. Basudeb Jalan Aman, (Asom Sahityo Sobha) 6. Assam Shresta (Sikshya), (The Telegraph, LIC) 7. Anundoram Barooah Awards (ABILAC) 8. Ph.D Yammin (KKH Open University) Dírbí léga:pé gernam ager: Tabu Ram Taídbí poyirné, migom ager gerjo:né, adné taniyo:komangai, bímopuna:sin. Bík monam tatponé ni:tomém réngamé airu:pé aipé mé:dungai. Bí Guwahati Rediyo sentarlokké Mising anu ni:tomém mopongka. Ohom migomlok dírbí pe:le:dokké la:lennam 'Long Playing Record'lo bí Rita Debi Medokmé mojonsula 'Asi Jili Jiliko' ni:tomdém moka. Torun Sondro Pa:mega:mké adnam Mising Agom Kéba:dok Lé:tom tomsa:nané ni:tomdok torídé Tabu Ram Taídké binamé. Dr. Bhupen Hajorikaké molennam Teli: pilim 'Miri Jiyori'dok agom-gomyarkídí:dém Tabu Ram Taídbí adlen bika. Atí atí: Tabu Ram Taídbí porinélok légangé Rediyongki Inglishém poyirdungai. Bí Rediyo:lo Mising agomémsin poyirka. Gombíg kama:né agomkídí:dok gombíg légangé bí aipé aré kané agomém lubodungai. Sinam: Aso: aso:pé Tabu Ram Taídké ékéré aima:pé lyangkang. 2019 dítagdok 17 Agosto longédo bíGuwahati:lok Apolo Hospitaldo 77 dítakko turra dungge:la amigém migjémkang. Bíkké amírdém mimong migomé migom moírkampé ménggésula mosí:la Gugamukhdok Abutani lottado mésíngka. == Aman Pa:nam == # Agom Migang 2007 - Mising Agom Kébangé binam bottéya:pagné Gomlab Aman # Basudeb Jalan Bota # Ohom Migomlok Gomlab Penson # Sukapha Bota 2011 - Ohom Migomé binam aman # Obonori Dogné 2012 - Obonori Ghunasuti réngamé binam aman == Ka:yi:sunam == [[Category:Wp/mrg]] <references />{{INTERWIKI|Q7673594}} [[Category:Wp/mrg/Mising tani]] coe1gma8hdqmsutc5holokggq72ccfs 7255667 7255666 2026-07-19T13:18:50Z Tatoyayo 2686294 /* Ponam Ager */ 7255667 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrg/Infobox person |Ager=Agom-mibu, |image=Tabu Taid.jpg |birthname=Tabu Ram Taíd |death_place=Guahati |nationality=Bharotiyo |birth_place=Ayéngiya, Gunasuti, Lokimpur |birth_date=1942, 1 August |name=Tabu Ram Taíd |death_date=2019, 17 August }} '''Tabu Ram Taíd''' ([[Wp/mrg/Ingraji|Ingraji]]: Tabu Ram Taid)bí airu:pé kinjub-kinlabné tani:ko. Bí airu:pé tébégdopé gomlabém addagai. Bík adnamkídí:do airu:pé o:rí:pé lukéngé kadungai. Bí [[Wp/mrg/Mising agom|Mising agomém]] írga:monam léga:pé bojérungko agerém gerra gíkang. Bí Mising agom légango:lok agerém germangai, Mising dírbí légangésin bojérungko agerém gertag. Mising ni:tom (oi-ni:tom odokké anu ni:tom) so:nam atíkídí:dok írga:nam léga:pésin mé:bomsudopé agerém gertag. Édé Mising dírbídém ami tani: lottalo:pésin boma:la mo:píso pu:po jarpomonam agerém gertag.<ref>{{Wp/mrg/Cite web|url=https://www.sentinelassam.com/north-east-india-news/assam-news/assam-statue-of-noted-educationist-tabu-ram-taid-unveiled-673585|publication-date=02 Nov 2023|title=Assam: Statue of noted educationist Tabu Ram Taid unveiled}}</ref> Mising agom, [[Wp/mrg/Mising Gomlab|Mising Gomlab]]ém mirémbonam léga:pé ager gerga:lok bím [[Wp/mrg/Mising Agom Kébang|Mising Agom Kébang]]é [[Wp/mrg/Agom Migang|Agom Migang]] yamminki toyumtag.<ref>https://abilac.org/former-director/</ref> == Ponam Ager == Aíké do:lu:do du:né Tamonsuk Pobug pokodo Tabu Ram Taídbí dítag 1946-50 do pobug ponamém porika. Dítag 1951 dokké bi porika Uttor Lokhimpur Gobt. Hai Iskuldo. 1958 dítagdo bí metrig ankangém bila akoné dibijoném pa:la pa:ska. Metrigdém aipé aidopé pokurnam lédupé bí bottapé porinam légangé Kolkatalok Norendropurlo du:né Ram Krishno Mison Ashrom lokké dítag1960 do I.Sc. dém aipé aidopé pokurka. Kolkata Inibarsiti:lokké bí dítag 1963 do B.A. ponamdém Inglishlok Onars la:la aidopé pokurka. dítag 1966 do bí Delhi Inibarsiti:lokké M.A.dém pokurka. M.A.dém pokurnam lédupé migom ager gertu:la Tabu Ram Taídbí 'Applied Linguistic'lok Post Graduate Diplomangém Reading Uni-versity, Londonlokké dítag 1973-74 do langka. University of London lokké ditag 1982 do 'Certificate course in Distance bila aidogom kinam kanam ékérém lugé: la migomé bím UPSC Teaching' ponamém poka, 1970 dítagdo bí UPSC ankangém agerro tolig tomang. Poyirnam ager gernam: Tabu Ram Taídbi 1963 ditagdo B.A. pokurnam lédupé Ghilamora Hai Iskuldo poyirnépé agerém gerka. 1966 dítagdo M.A. dém pokur ge:la North Benk Kolej, Dhemaji Kolejlo bí porainam agerém gerka. Dhokuakhana Kolejdo la:lenboné Prinsipal pé ige:la 1967 dokké bí Guwahati:lok du:né Koton Kolejdo Inglish pe:le:dok Porphisarpé agerém gerka. Migom ager gernam: APSC ankangé 1981 dítag do aila Koton Kolejdok poyirnamém mépagla Tabu Ram Taídbí Ohom Kin-go pe:le:lok Ru:tum ame: (DDPI)pé agerém gerka 1981 dítagdokké 1984 dítag do:pé. 1984 dítagdokké 1989 dítagdo:pé bí Kamrup Mo:dumdok Iskulkídí:lok ka:sí:népé agerém gerka. Odok lédupé bíkké ager gernamém ka:líg mé:líg sula migomé ba:nyi baumpé kínggí:né agerém gerbomdopé tolíkka. 1990 dítagdokké 2000 dítagdo:pé bí Higher Education lok Ru:tum, SEBA, SCERTlok Ru:tum odokké 1989 do Anundoram Barooah Institute of Language, Arts and Culture (ABILAC)dok la:lenboné Ru:tumpé ika. 1997 dítagdokké 2004 dítag do:pé bi State Selection Boarddok Ru:tumpésin du:la agerém naréngo:pé gerka. Tabu Ram Taídbí okoloi agerém geryéji, oddoi apping ager gernaméi naré: pésé:la aipé aidungai. Odok légangé Kin-go pe:le:dém ka:sí: dopé migomé bím ménggésula agerém tolígdungai. Édé agerkídí:dok ara:do-Assam State Education Commissiondok ager ajon, National == Réngam Ager == Tabu Ram Taídbí porila du:dodokkébo do:lung réngam agerém aipé mé:nékai. Aíké do:lu:dok sí:jon ajon lédulo gímínna bí so:man mankolo Oi-ni:tom moyangai. Lédupé mo:té: mo:té:pé porila du:pénampé ila bí aíké réngam légangé agerém gerra:ma:pé ikang. Émdogom bí aíké réngam agomém gomsarpé adla réngamém lusí:namémpé idungai. Ponamém pongabnam lédupé Koton Kolejdo poyirné agerém gerdodokké bíréngam agerémsin gerropkaku. 1968 dítagdo Mising agom, gomlab la: réngamém mosí:nam agomém ru:bosula Guwahati:do migom ager gerra du:né la: porila du:né Mising réngamém jonsula 'Guwahati Mising Kébang'ém ba:lenboka. Édé kéba:dok bí du:pongarné kébang abupé ika. Porila, Ph.D. ila du:né Nahendro Pa:dunmé nébí: pé tolíkka. Mising Agom Kéba:dok Kébang Abu : 1972 dítagdo Mising Agom Kébangém Sibsagor mo:dumdok Disangmukhdo ba:lenka. Anupé ba:lennam kéba:dok Abupé Tabu Ram Taídmé, Nébí:pé Nahendro Pa:dunmé tolíkka. 1972 dítagdokké 1980 dítagdo:pé bí Mising Agom Kéba: dok kébang abupé ila agerém gerka Book Trustdok ager ajon, North-Eastern Oral Literature Centre dok ager ajon, Sahitya Akademi dok ager ajon, Academic Councildok ager ajon, Assam University, Gauhati University, Dibrugarh University lok ager ajonpé du:nam kídí: dém lukan bila:dag. Midang: Ghilamoralok Seniram Sayengiya:ké omé Basonti Sayengiya:mé 1967 dítagdo Tabu Ram Taídbílangka. Bínyikké ommang kídí:dé- Miranda la: Milindo bínyi. . == Potin La:lennam == === Mising Potin === # Mising Gompir Kumsung # Mising Gomlam Potin == Gomlab Ager == Potin la:lennam ager: Tabu Ram Taídbí aré kané potiném bojéko adlenka. Édé potinkídí: dé- 1. Miro Migolo (tíkum), 1956 2. Mising Agom Adyir, 1971 3. Poman-Moman, 1984 4. Mising Bhashar Banan-Poddhoti, 1983 5. Bani Kanta Kakati - The Man and his works. 1988 (comp. Dr. Ranjit Dev Goswami) 6. A Dictionary of the Mising Language, 1995 7. Ya:yok Do:ying (tíkum), 2005 8. Ekuki Nibondho, 2007 9. Glimpses, 2007 10. Mising Gompir Kumsung, 2010 (nébíng) 11. Mising Gomlam Potin (I), 2015 12. English for Schools - English Grammar and composition 13. Mising Folk-Tales, 2013 (ed.) 14. An Introduction to Mising Phonology and Grammar, 2016 15. The Scheduled Tribes of Assam, 2017 16. Mising Gomlam-Potin, 2017.- Toyumnamé la: Aman binam: Aré kané ager gernamém appíngéi ménggésudag, mé:tinsudag odokké toligdag. Tabu Ram Taídbí turra du:dodém mimong kin-go légangé, mo:rum kin-go légangé odokké aíké ope:, réngam kin-go légangé naré: pé bojéko agerém gerka. bíkké édémpé ager gernamém ka:líg sula migom lokké, angu angu kébang, ope:lokké bím toyumna yamminém, amaném bika. Odok buluk ara:do- 1. Agom Migang, 2007 (Mising Agom Kébang) 2. Sukapha Aman, 2011 (Ohom migomlokké) 3. Obonori Aín, 2012 (Ghunahuti mo:tagdokké) 4. Bhasha Sonman, 2012 (Sahityo Akademi) 5. Basudeb Jalan Aman, (Asom Sahityo Sobha) 6. Assam Shresta (Sikshya), (The Telegraph, LIC) 7. Anundoram Barooah Awards (ABILAC) 8. Ph.D Yammin (KKH Open University) Dírbí léga:pé gernam ager: Tabu Ram Taídbí poyirné, migom ager gerjo:né, adné taniyo:komangai, bímopuna:sin. Bík monam tatponé ni:tomém réngamé airu:pé aipé mé:dungai. Bí Guwahati Rediyo sentarlokké Mising anu ni:tomém mopongka. Ohom migomlok dírbí pe:le:dokké la:lennam 'Long Playing Record'lo bí Rita Debi Medokmé mojonsula 'Asi Jili Jiliko' ni:tomdém moka. Torun Sondro Pa:mega:mké adnam Mising Agom Kéba:dok Lé:tom tomsa:nané ni:tomdok torídé Tabu Ram Taídké binamé. Dr. Bhupen Hajorikaké molennam Teli: pilim 'Miri Jiyori'dok agom-gomyarkídí:dém Tabu Ram Taídbí adlen bika. Atí atí: Tabu Ram Taídbí porinélok légangé Rediyongki Inglishém poyirdungai. Bí Rediyo:lo Mising agomémsin poyirka. Gombíg kama:né agomkídí:dok gombíg légangé bí aipé aré kané agomém lubodungai. Sinam: Aso: aso:pé Tabu Ram Taídké ékéré aima:pé lyangkang. 2019 dítagdok 17 Agosto longédo bíGuwahati:lok Apolo Hospitaldo 77 dítakko turra dungge:la amigém migjémkang. Bíkké amírdém mimong migomé migom moírkampé ménggésula mosí:la Gugamukhdok Abutani lottado mésíngka. == Aman Pa:nam == # Agom Migang 2007 - Mising Agom Kébangé binam bottéya:pagné Gomlab Aman # Basudeb Jalan Bota # Ohom Migomlok Gomlab Penson # Sukapha Bota 2011 - Ohom Migomé binam aman # Obonori Dogné 2012 - Obonori Ghunasuti réngamé binam aman == Ka:yi:sunam == [[Category:Wp/mrg]] <references />{{INTERWIKI|Q7673594}} [[Category:Wp/mrg/Mising tani]] 10bti02qeevanrt0hz1qitpmso8zgxy 7255668 7255667 2026-07-19T13:19:34Z Tatoyayo 2686294 /* Ponam Ager */ 7255668 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrg/Infobox person |Ager=Agom-mibu, |image=Tabu Taid.jpg |birthname=Tabu Ram Taíd |death_place=Guahati |nationality=Bharotiyo |birth_place=Ayéngiya, Gunasuti, Lokimpur |birth_date=1942, 1 August |name=Tabu Ram Taíd |death_date=2019, 17 August }} '''Tabu Ram Taíd''' ([[Wp/mrg/Ingraji|Ingraji]]: Tabu Ram Taid)bí airu:pé kinjub-kinlabné tani:ko. Bí airu:pé tébégdopé gomlabém addagai. Bík adnamkídí:do airu:pé o:rí:pé lukéngé kadungai. Bí [[Wp/mrg/Mising agom|Mising agomém]] írga:monam léga:pé bojérungko agerém gerra gíkang. Bí Mising agom légango:lok agerém germangai, Mising dírbí légangésin bojérungko agerém gertag. Mising ni:tom (oi-ni:tom odokké anu ni:tom) so:nam atíkídí:dok írga:nam léga:pésin mé:bomsudopé agerém gertag. Édé Mising dírbídém ami tani: lottalo:pésin boma:la mo:píso pu:po jarpomonam agerém gertag.<ref>{{Wp/mrg/Cite web|url=https://www.sentinelassam.com/north-east-india-news/assam-news/assam-statue-of-noted-educationist-tabu-ram-taid-unveiled-673585|publication-date=02 Nov 2023|title=Assam: Statue of noted educationist Tabu Ram Taid unveiled}}</ref> Mising agom, [[Wp/mrg/Mising Gomlab|Mising Gomlab]]ém mirémbonam léga:pé ager gerga:lok bím [[Wp/mrg/Mising Agom Kébang|Mising Agom Kébang]]é [[Wp/mrg/Agom Migang|Agom Migang]] yamminki toyumtag.<ref>https://abilac.org/former-director/</ref> == Ponam Ager == Aíké do:lu:do du:né Tamonsuk Pobug pokodo Tabu Ram Taídbí dítag 1946-50 do pobug ponamém porika. Dítag 1951 dokké bi porika Uttor Lokhimpur Gobt. Hai Iskuldo. 1958 dítagdo bí metrig ankangém bila akoné dibijoném pa:la pa:ska. Metrigdém aipé aidopé pokurnam lédupé bí bottapé porinam légangé Kolkatalok Norendropurlo du:né Ram Krishno Mison Ashrom lokké dítag1960 do I.Sc. dém aipé aidopé pokurka. Kolkata Inibarsiti:lokké bí dítag 1963 do B.A. ponamdém Inglishlok Onars la:la aidopé pokurka. dítag 1966 do bí Delhi Inibarsiti:lokké M.A.dém pokurka. M.A.dém pokurnam lédupé migom ager gertu:la Tabu Ram Taídbí 'Applied Linguistic'lok Post Graduate Diplomangém Reading Uni-versity, Londonlokké dítag 1973-74 do langka. University of London lokké ditag 1982 do 'Certificate course in Distance bila aidogom kinam kanam ékérém lugé: la migomé bím UPSC Teaching' ponamém poka, dítag 1970 do bí UPSC ankangém agerro tolig tomang. Poyirnam ager gernam: Tabu Ram Taídbi 1963 ditagdo B.A. pokurnam lédupé Ghilamora Hai Iskuldo poyirnépé agerém gerka. 1966 dítagdo M.A. dém pokur ge:la North Benk Kolej, Dhemaji Kolejlo bí porainam agerém gerka. Dhokuakhana Kolejdo la:lenboné Prinsipal pé ige:la 1967 dokké bí Guwahati:lok du:né Koton Kolejdo Inglish pe:le:dok Porphisarpé agerém gerka. Migom ager gernam: APSC ankangé 1981 dítag do aila Koton Kolejdok poyirnamém mépagla Tabu Ram Taídbí Ohom Kin-go pe:le:lok Ru:tum ame: (DDPI)pé agerém gerka 1981 dítagdokké 1984 dítag do:pé. 1984 dítagdokké 1989 dítagdo:pé bí Kamrup Mo:dumdok Iskulkídí:lok ka:sí:népé agerém gerka. Odok lédupé bíkké ager gernamém ka:líg mé:líg sula migomé ba:nyi baumpé kínggí:né agerém gerbomdopé tolíkka. 1990 dítagdokké 2000 dítagdo:pé bí Higher Education lok Ru:tum, SEBA, SCERTlok Ru:tum odokké 1989 do Anundoram Barooah Institute of Language, Arts and Culture (ABILAC)dok la:lenboné Ru:tumpé ika. 1997 dítagdokké 2004 dítag do:pé bi State Selection Boarddok Ru:tumpésin du:la agerém naréngo:pé gerka. Tabu Ram Taídbí okoloi agerém geryéji, oddoi apping ager gernaméi naré: pésé:la aipé aidungai. Odok légangé Kin-go pe:le:dém ka:sí: dopé migomé bím ménggésula agerém tolígdungai. Édé agerkídí:dok ara:do-Assam State Education Commissiondok ager ajon, National == Réngam Ager == Tabu Ram Taídbí porila du:dodokkébo do:lung réngam agerém aipé mé:nékai. Aíké do:lu:dok sí:jon ajon lédulo gímínna bí so:man mankolo Oi-ni:tom moyangai. Lédupé mo:té: mo:té:pé porila du:pénampé ila bí aíké réngam légangé agerém gerra:ma:pé ikang. Émdogom bí aíké réngam agomém gomsarpé adla réngamém lusí:namémpé idungai. Ponamém pongabnam lédupé Koton Kolejdo poyirné agerém gerdodokké bíréngam agerémsin gerropkaku. 1968 dítagdo Mising agom, gomlab la: réngamém mosí:nam agomém ru:bosula Guwahati:do migom ager gerra du:né la: porila du:né Mising réngamém jonsula 'Guwahati Mising Kébang'ém ba:lenboka. Édé kéba:dok bí du:pongarné kébang abupé ika. Porila, Ph.D. ila du:né Nahendro Pa:dunmé nébí: pé tolíkka. Mising Agom Kéba:dok Kébang Abu : 1972 dítagdo Mising Agom Kébangém Sibsagor mo:dumdok Disangmukhdo ba:lenka. Anupé ba:lennam kéba:dok Abupé Tabu Ram Taídmé, Nébí:pé Nahendro Pa:dunmé tolíkka. 1972 dítagdokké 1980 dítagdo:pé bí Mising Agom Kéba: dok kébang abupé ila agerém gerka Book Trustdok ager ajon, North-Eastern Oral Literature Centre dok ager ajon, Sahitya Akademi dok ager ajon, Academic Councildok ager ajon, Assam University, Gauhati University, Dibrugarh University lok ager ajonpé du:nam kídí: dém lukan bila:dag. Midang: Ghilamoralok Seniram Sayengiya:ké omé Basonti Sayengiya:mé 1967 dítagdo Tabu Ram Taídbílangka. Bínyikké ommang kídí:dé- Miranda la: Milindo bínyi. . == Potin La:lennam == === Mising Potin === # Mising Gompir Kumsung # Mising Gomlam Potin == Gomlab Ager == Potin la:lennam ager: Tabu Ram Taídbí aré kané potiném bojéko adlenka. Édé potinkídí: dé- 1. Miro Migolo (tíkum), 1956 2. Mising Agom Adyir, 1971 3. Poman-Moman, 1984 4. Mising Bhashar Banan-Poddhoti, 1983 5. Bani Kanta Kakati - The Man and his works. 1988 (comp. Dr. Ranjit Dev Goswami) 6. A Dictionary of the Mising Language, 1995 7. Ya:yok Do:ying (tíkum), 2005 8. Ekuki Nibondho, 2007 9. Glimpses, 2007 10. Mising Gompir Kumsung, 2010 (nébíng) 11. Mising Gomlam Potin (I), 2015 12. English for Schools - English Grammar and composition 13. Mising Folk-Tales, 2013 (ed.) 14. An Introduction to Mising Phonology and Grammar, 2016 15. The Scheduled Tribes of Assam, 2017 16. Mising Gomlam-Potin, 2017.- Toyumnamé la: Aman binam: Aré kané ager gernamém appíngéi ménggésudag, mé:tinsudag odokké toligdag. Tabu Ram Taídbí turra du:dodém mimong kin-go légangé, mo:rum kin-go légangé odokké aíké ope:, réngam kin-go légangé naré: pé bojéko agerém gerka. bíkké édémpé ager gernamém ka:líg sula migom lokké, angu angu kébang, ope:lokké bím toyumna yamminém, amaném bika. Odok buluk ara:do- 1. Agom Migang, 2007 (Mising Agom Kébang) 2. Sukapha Aman, 2011 (Ohom migomlokké) 3. Obonori Aín, 2012 (Ghunahuti mo:tagdokké) 4. Bhasha Sonman, 2012 (Sahityo Akademi) 5. Basudeb Jalan Aman, (Asom Sahityo Sobha) 6. Assam Shresta (Sikshya), (The Telegraph, LIC) 7. Anundoram Barooah Awards (ABILAC) 8. Ph.D Yammin (KKH Open University) Dírbí léga:pé gernam ager: Tabu Ram Taídbí poyirné, migom ager gerjo:né, adné taniyo:komangai, bímopuna:sin. Bík monam tatponé ni:tomém réngamé airu:pé aipé mé:dungai. Bí Guwahati Rediyo sentarlokké Mising anu ni:tomém mopongka. Ohom migomlok dírbí pe:le:dokké la:lennam 'Long Playing Record'lo bí Rita Debi Medokmé mojonsula 'Asi Jili Jiliko' ni:tomdém moka. Torun Sondro Pa:mega:mké adnam Mising Agom Kéba:dok Lé:tom tomsa:nané ni:tomdok torídé Tabu Ram Taídké binamé. Dr. Bhupen Hajorikaké molennam Teli: pilim 'Miri Jiyori'dok agom-gomyarkídí:dém Tabu Ram Taídbí adlen bika. Atí atí: Tabu Ram Taídbí porinélok légangé Rediyongki Inglishém poyirdungai. Bí Rediyo:lo Mising agomémsin poyirka. Gombíg kama:né agomkídí:dok gombíg légangé bí aipé aré kané agomém lubodungai. Sinam: Aso: aso:pé Tabu Ram Taídké ékéré aima:pé lyangkang. 2019 dítagdok 17 Agosto longédo bíGuwahati:lok Apolo Hospitaldo 77 dítakko turra dungge:la amigém migjémkang. Bíkké amírdém mimong migomé migom moírkampé ménggésula mosí:la Gugamukhdok Abutani lottado mésíngka. == Aman Pa:nam == # Agom Migang 2007 - Mising Agom Kébangé binam bottéya:pagné Gomlab Aman # Basudeb Jalan Bota # Ohom Migomlok Gomlab Penson # Sukapha Bota 2011 - Ohom Migomé binam aman # Obonori Dogné 2012 - Obonori Ghunasuti réngamé binam aman == Ka:yi:sunam == [[Category:Wp/mrg]] <references />{{INTERWIKI|Q7673594}} [[Category:Wp/mrg/Mising tani]] jukvu3gdnvrdmckz6c0oe693kfvvncn 7255669 7255668 2026-07-19T13:20:44Z Tatoyayo 2686294 /* Ponam Ager */ 7255669 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrg/Infobox person |Ager=Agom-mibu, |image=Tabu Taid.jpg |birthname=Tabu Ram Taíd |death_place=Guahati |nationality=Bharotiyo |birth_place=Ayéngiya, Gunasuti, Lokimpur |birth_date=1942, 1 August |name=Tabu Ram Taíd |death_date=2019, 17 August }} '''Tabu Ram Taíd''' ([[Wp/mrg/Ingraji|Ingraji]]: Tabu Ram Taid)bí airu:pé kinjub-kinlabné tani:ko. Bí airu:pé tébégdopé gomlabém addagai. Bík adnamkídí:do airu:pé o:rí:pé lukéngé kadungai. Bí [[Wp/mrg/Mising agom|Mising agomém]] írga:monam léga:pé bojérungko agerém gerra gíkang. Bí Mising agom légango:lok agerém germangai, Mising dírbí légangésin bojérungko agerém gertag. Mising ni:tom (oi-ni:tom odokké anu ni:tom) so:nam atíkídí:dok írga:nam léga:pésin mé:bomsudopé agerém gertag. Édé Mising dírbídém ami tani: lottalo:pésin boma:la mo:píso pu:po jarpomonam agerém gertag.<ref>{{Wp/mrg/Cite web|url=https://www.sentinelassam.com/north-east-india-news/assam-news/assam-statue-of-noted-educationist-tabu-ram-taid-unveiled-673585|publication-date=02 Nov 2023|title=Assam: Statue of noted educationist Tabu Ram Taid unveiled}}</ref> Mising agom, [[Wp/mrg/Mising Gomlab|Mising Gomlab]]ém mirémbonam léga:pé ager gerga:lok bím [[Wp/mrg/Mising Agom Kébang|Mising Agom Kébang]]é [[Wp/mrg/Agom Migang|Agom Migang]] yamminki toyumtag.<ref>https://abilac.org/former-director/</ref> == Ponam Ager == Aíké do:lu:do du:né Tamonsuk Pobug pokodo Tabu Ram Taídbí dítag 1946-50 do pobug ponamém porika. Dítag 1951 dokké bi porika Uttor Lokhimpur Gobt. Hai Iskuldo. 1958 dítagdo bí metrig ankangém bila akoné dibijoném pa:la pa:ska. Metrigdém aipé aidopé pokurnam lédupé bí bottapé porinam légangé Kolkatalok Norendropurlo du:né Ram Krishno Mison Ashrom lokké dítag1960 do I.Sc. dém aipé aidopé pokurka. Kolkata Inibarsiti:lokké bí dítag 1963 do B.A. ponamdém Inglishlok Onars la:la aidopé pokurka. dítag 1966 do bí Delhi Inibarsiti:lokké M.A.dém pokurka. M.A.dém pokurnam lédupé migom ager gertu:la Tabu Ram Taídbí 'Applied Linguistic'lok Post Graduate Diplomangém Reading Uni-versity, Londonlokké dítag 1973-74 do langka. University of London lokké ditag 1982 do 'Certificate course in Distance bila aidogom kinam kanam ékérém lugé: la migomé bím UPSC Teaching' ponamém poka, dítag 1970 do bí UPSC ankangém agerro tolig tomang. Poyirnam ager gernam: Tabu Ram Taídbi ditag 1963 do B.A. pokurnam lédupé Ghilamora Hai Iskuldo poyirnépé agerém gerka. Dítag 1966 do M.A. dém pokur ge:la North Benk Kolej, Dhemaji Kolejlo bí porainam agerém gerka. Dhokuakhana Kolejdo la:lenboné Prinsipal pé ige:la 1967 dokké bí Guwahati:lok du:né Koton Kolejdo Inglish pe:le:dok Porphisarpé agerém gerka. Migom ager gernam: APSC ankangé 1981 dítag do aila Koton Kolejdok poyirnamém mépagla Tabu Ram Taídbí Ohom Kin-go pe:le:lok Ru:tum ame: (DDPI)pé agerém gerka 1981 dítagdokké 1984 dítag do:pé. 1984 dítagdokké 1989 dítagdo:pé bí Kamrup Mo:dumdok Iskulkídí:lok ka:sí:népé agerém gerka. Odok lédupé bíkké ager gernamém ka:líg mé:líg sula migomé ba:nyi baumpé kínggí:né agerém gerbomdopé tolíkka. 1990 dítagdokké 2000 dítagdo:pé bí Higher Education lok Ru:tum, SEBA, SCERTlok Ru:tum odokké 1989 do Anundoram Barooah Institute of Language, Arts and Culture (ABILAC)dok la:lenboné Ru:tumpé ika. 1997 dítagdokké 2004 dítag do:pé bi State Selection Boarddok Ru:tumpésin du:la agerém naréngo:pé gerka. Tabu Ram Taídbí okoloi agerém geryéji, oddoi apping ager gernaméi naré: pésé:la aipé aidungai. Odok légangé Kin-go pe:le:dém ka:sí: dopé migomé bím ménggésula agerém tolígdungai. Édé agerkídí:dok ara:do-Assam State Education Commissiondok ager ajon, National == Réngam Ager == Tabu Ram Taídbí porila du:dodokkébo do:lung réngam agerém aipé mé:nékai. Aíké do:lu:dok sí:jon ajon lédulo gímínna bí so:man mankolo Oi-ni:tom moyangai. Lédupé mo:té: mo:té:pé porila du:pénampé ila bí aíké réngam légangé agerém gerra:ma:pé ikang. Émdogom bí aíké réngam agomém gomsarpé adla réngamém lusí:namémpé idungai. Ponamém pongabnam lédupé Koton Kolejdo poyirné agerém gerdodokké bíréngam agerémsin gerropkaku. 1968 dítagdo Mising agom, gomlab la: réngamém mosí:nam agomém ru:bosula Guwahati:do migom ager gerra du:né la: porila du:né Mising réngamém jonsula 'Guwahati Mising Kébang'ém ba:lenboka. Édé kéba:dok bí du:pongarné kébang abupé ika. Porila, Ph.D. ila du:né Nahendro Pa:dunmé nébí: pé tolíkka. Mising Agom Kéba:dok Kébang Abu : 1972 dítagdo Mising Agom Kébangém Sibsagor mo:dumdok Disangmukhdo ba:lenka. Anupé ba:lennam kéba:dok Abupé Tabu Ram Taídmé, Nébí:pé Nahendro Pa:dunmé tolíkka. 1972 dítagdokké 1980 dítagdo:pé bí Mising Agom Kéba: dok kébang abupé ila agerém gerka Book Trustdok ager ajon, North-Eastern Oral Literature Centre dok ager ajon, Sahitya Akademi dok ager ajon, Academic Councildok ager ajon, Assam University, Gauhati University, Dibrugarh University lok ager ajonpé du:nam kídí: dém lukan bila:dag. Midang: Ghilamoralok Seniram Sayengiya:ké omé Basonti Sayengiya:mé 1967 dítagdo Tabu Ram Taídbílangka. Bínyikké ommang kídí:dé- Miranda la: Milindo bínyi. . == Potin La:lennam == === Mising Potin === # Mising Gompir Kumsung # Mising Gomlam Potin == Gomlab Ager == Potin la:lennam ager: Tabu Ram Taídbí aré kané potiném bojéko adlenka. Édé potinkídí: dé- 1. Miro Migolo (tíkum), 1956 2. Mising Agom Adyir, 1971 3. Poman-Moman, 1984 4. Mising Bhashar Banan-Poddhoti, 1983 5. Bani Kanta Kakati - The Man and his works. 1988 (comp. Dr. Ranjit Dev Goswami) 6. A Dictionary of the Mising Language, 1995 7. Ya:yok Do:ying (tíkum), 2005 8. Ekuki Nibondho, 2007 9. Glimpses, 2007 10. Mising Gompir Kumsung, 2010 (nébíng) 11. Mising Gomlam Potin (I), 2015 12. English for Schools - English Grammar and composition 13. Mising Folk-Tales, 2013 (ed.) 14. An Introduction to Mising Phonology and Grammar, 2016 15. The Scheduled Tribes of Assam, 2017 16. Mising Gomlam-Potin, 2017.- Toyumnamé la: Aman binam: Aré kané ager gernamém appíngéi ménggésudag, mé:tinsudag odokké toligdag. Tabu Ram Taídbí turra du:dodém mimong kin-go légangé, mo:rum kin-go légangé odokké aíké ope:, réngam kin-go légangé naré: pé bojéko agerém gerka. bíkké édémpé ager gernamém ka:líg sula migom lokké, angu angu kébang, ope:lokké bím toyumna yamminém, amaném bika. Odok buluk ara:do- 1. Agom Migang, 2007 (Mising Agom Kébang) 2. Sukapha Aman, 2011 (Ohom migomlokké) 3. Obonori Aín, 2012 (Ghunahuti mo:tagdokké) 4. Bhasha Sonman, 2012 (Sahityo Akademi) 5. Basudeb Jalan Aman, (Asom Sahityo Sobha) 6. Assam Shresta (Sikshya), (The Telegraph, LIC) 7. Anundoram Barooah Awards (ABILAC) 8. Ph.D Yammin (KKH Open University) Dírbí léga:pé gernam ager: Tabu Ram Taídbí poyirné, migom ager gerjo:né, adné taniyo:komangai, bímopuna:sin. Bík monam tatponé ni:tomém réngamé airu:pé aipé mé:dungai. Bí Guwahati Rediyo sentarlokké Mising anu ni:tomém mopongka. Ohom migomlok dírbí pe:le:dokké la:lennam 'Long Playing Record'lo bí Rita Debi Medokmé mojonsula 'Asi Jili Jiliko' ni:tomdém moka. Torun Sondro Pa:mega:mké adnam Mising Agom Kéba:dok Lé:tom tomsa:nané ni:tomdok torídé Tabu Ram Taídké binamé. Dr. Bhupen Hajorikaké molennam Teli: pilim 'Miri Jiyori'dok agom-gomyarkídí:dém Tabu Ram Taídbí adlen bika. Atí atí: Tabu Ram Taídbí porinélok légangé Rediyongki Inglishém poyirdungai. Bí Rediyo:lo Mising agomémsin poyirka. Gombíg kama:né agomkídí:dok gombíg légangé bí aipé aré kané agomém lubodungai. Sinam: Aso: aso:pé Tabu Ram Taídké ékéré aima:pé lyangkang. 2019 dítagdok 17 Agosto longédo bíGuwahati:lok Apolo Hospitaldo 77 dítakko turra dungge:la amigém migjémkang. Bíkké amírdém mimong migomé migom moírkampé ménggésula mosí:la Gugamukhdok Abutani lottado mésíngka. == Aman Pa:nam == # Agom Migang 2007 - Mising Agom Kébangé binam bottéya:pagné Gomlab Aman # Basudeb Jalan Bota # Ohom Migomlok Gomlab Penson # Sukapha Bota 2011 - Ohom Migomé binam aman # Obonori Dogné 2012 - Obonori Ghunasuti réngamé binam aman == Ka:yi:sunam == [[Category:Wp/mrg]] <references />{{INTERWIKI|Q7673594}} [[Category:Wp/mrg/Mising tani]] od5qgtibiw2ikfx76stauyh7a26g9lx 7255670 7255669 2026-07-19T13:21:56Z Tatoyayo 2686294 /* Ponam Ager */ 7255670 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrg/Infobox person |Ager=Agom-mibu, |image=Tabu Taid.jpg |birthname=Tabu Ram Taíd |death_place=Guahati |nationality=Bharotiyo |birth_place=Ayéngiya, Gunasuti, Lokimpur |birth_date=1942, 1 August |name=Tabu Ram Taíd |death_date=2019, 17 August }} '''Tabu Ram Taíd''' ([[Wp/mrg/Ingraji|Ingraji]]: Tabu Ram Taid)bí airu:pé kinjub-kinlabné tani:ko. Bí airu:pé tébégdopé gomlabém addagai. Bík adnamkídí:do airu:pé o:rí:pé lukéngé kadungai. Bí [[Wp/mrg/Mising agom|Mising agomém]] írga:monam léga:pé bojérungko agerém gerra gíkang. Bí Mising agom légango:lok agerém germangai, Mising dírbí légangésin bojérungko agerém gertag. Mising ni:tom (oi-ni:tom odokké anu ni:tom) so:nam atíkídí:dok írga:nam léga:pésin mé:bomsudopé agerém gertag. Édé Mising dírbídém ami tani: lottalo:pésin boma:la mo:píso pu:po jarpomonam agerém gertag.<ref>{{Wp/mrg/Cite web|url=https://www.sentinelassam.com/north-east-india-news/assam-news/assam-statue-of-noted-educationist-tabu-ram-taid-unveiled-673585|publication-date=02 Nov 2023|title=Assam: Statue of noted educationist Tabu Ram Taid unveiled}}</ref> Mising agom, [[Wp/mrg/Mising Gomlab|Mising Gomlab]]ém mirémbonam léga:pé ager gerga:lok bím [[Wp/mrg/Mising Agom Kébang|Mising Agom Kébang]]é [[Wp/mrg/Agom Migang|Agom Migang]] yamminki toyumtag.<ref>https://abilac.org/former-director/</ref> == Ponam Ager == Aíké do:lu:do du:né Tamonsuk Pobug pokodo Tabu Ram Taídbí dítag 1946-50 do pobug ponamém porika. Dítag 1951 dokké bi porika Uttor Lokhimpur Gobt. Hai Iskuldo. 1958 dítagdo bí metrig ankangém bila akoné dibijoném pa:la pa:ska. Metrigdém aipé aidopé pokurnam lédupé bí bottapé porinam légangé Kolkatalok Norendropurlo du:né Ram Krishno Mison Ashrom lokké dítag1960 do I.Sc. dém aipé aidopé pokurka. Kolkata Inibarsiti:lokké bí dítag 1963 do B.A. ponamdém Inglishlok Onars la:la aidopé pokurka. dítag 1966 do bí Delhi Inibarsiti:lokké M.A.dém pokurka. M.A.dém pokurnam lédupé migom ager gertu:la Tabu Ram Taídbí 'Applied Linguistic'lok Post Graduate Diplomangém Reading Uni-versity, Londonlokké dítag 1973-74 do langka. University of London lokké ditag 1982 do 'Certificate course in Distance bila aidogom kinam kanam ékérém lugé: la migomé bím UPSC Teaching' ponamém poka, dítag 1970 do bí UPSC ankangém agerro tolig tomang. Poyirnam ager gernam: Tabu Ram Taídbi ditag 1963 do B.A. pokurnam lédupé Ghilamora Hai Iskuldo poyirnépé agerém gerka. Dítag 1966 do M.A. dém pokur ge:la North Benk Kolej, Dhemaji Kolejlo bí porainam agerém gerka. Dhokuakhana Kolejdo la:lenboné Prinsipal pé ige:la dítag 1967 dokké bí Guwahati:lok du:né Koton Kolejdo Inglish pe:le:dok Porphisarpé agerém gerka. Migom ager gernam: APSC ankangé dítag 1981 do aila Koton Kolejdok poyirnamém mépagla Tabu Ram Taídbí Ohom Kin-go pe:le:lok Ru:tum ame: (DDPI)pé agerém gerka 1981 dítagdokké 1984 dítag do:pé. 1984 dítagdokké 1989 dítagdo:pé bí Kamrup Mo:dumdok Iskulkídí:lok ka:sí:népé agerém gerka. Odok lédupé bíkké ager gernamém ka:líg mé:líg sula migomé ba:nyi baumpé kínggí:né agerém gerbomdopé tolíkka. 1990 dítagdokké 2000 dítagdo:pé bí Higher Education lok Ru:tum, SEBA, SCERTlok Ru:tum odokké 1989 do Anundoram Barooah Institute of Language, Arts and Culture (ABILAC)dok la:lenboné Ru:tumpé ika. 1997 dítagdokké 2004 dítag do:pé bi State Selection Boarddok Ru:tumpésin du:la agerém naréngo:pé gerka. Tabu Ram Taídbí okoloi agerém geryéji, oddoi apping ager gernaméi naré: pésé:la aipé aidungai. Odok légangé Kin-go pe:le:dém ka:sí: dopé migomé bím ménggésula agerém tolígdungai. Édé agerkídí:dok ara:do-Assam State Education Commissiondok ager ajon, National == Réngam Ager == Tabu Ram Taídbí porila du:dodokkébo do:lung réngam agerém aipé mé:nékai. Aíké do:lu:dok sí:jon ajon lédulo gímínna bí so:man mankolo Oi-ni:tom moyangai. Lédupé mo:té: mo:té:pé porila du:pénampé ila bí aíké réngam légangé agerém gerra:ma:pé ikang. Émdogom bí aíké réngam agomém gomsarpé adla réngamém lusí:namémpé idungai. Ponamém pongabnam lédupé Koton Kolejdo poyirné agerém gerdodokké bíréngam agerémsin gerropkaku. 1968 dítagdo Mising agom, gomlab la: réngamém mosí:nam agomém ru:bosula Guwahati:do migom ager gerra du:né la: porila du:né Mising réngamém jonsula 'Guwahati Mising Kébang'ém ba:lenboka. Édé kéba:dok bí du:pongarné kébang abupé ika. Porila, Ph.D. ila du:né Nahendro Pa:dunmé nébí: pé tolíkka. Mising Agom Kéba:dok Kébang Abu : 1972 dítagdo Mising Agom Kébangém Sibsagor mo:dumdok Disangmukhdo ba:lenka. Anupé ba:lennam kéba:dok Abupé Tabu Ram Taídmé, Nébí:pé Nahendro Pa:dunmé tolíkka. 1972 dítagdokké 1980 dítagdo:pé bí Mising Agom Kéba: dok kébang abupé ila agerém gerka Book Trustdok ager ajon, North-Eastern Oral Literature Centre dok ager ajon, Sahitya Akademi dok ager ajon, Academic Councildok ager ajon, Assam University, Gauhati University, Dibrugarh University lok ager ajonpé du:nam kídí: dém lukan bila:dag. Midang: Ghilamoralok Seniram Sayengiya:ké omé Basonti Sayengiya:mé 1967 dítagdo Tabu Ram Taídbílangka. Bínyikké ommang kídí:dé- Miranda la: Milindo bínyi. . == Potin La:lennam == === Mising Potin === # Mising Gompir Kumsung # Mising Gomlam Potin == Gomlab Ager == Potin la:lennam ager: Tabu Ram Taídbí aré kané potiném bojéko adlenka. Édé potinkídí: dé- 1. Miro Migolo (tíkum), 1956 2. Mising Agom Adyir, 1971 3. Poman-Moman, 1984 4. Mising Bhashar Banan-Poddhoti, 1983 5. Bani Kanta Kakati - The Man and his works. 1988 (comp. Dr. Ranjit Dev Goswami) 6. A Dictionary of the Mising Language, 1995 7. Ya:yok Do:ying (tíkum), 2005 8. Ekuki Nibondho, 2007 9. Glimpses, 2007 10. Mising Gompir Kumsung, 2010 (nébíng) 11. Mising Gomlam Potin (I), 2015 12. English for Schools - English Grammar and composition 13. Mising Folk-Tales, 2013 (ed.) 14. An Introduction to Mising Phonology and Grammar, 2016 15. The Scheduled Tribes of Assam, 2017 16. Mising Gomlam-Potin, 2017.- Toyumnamé la: Aman binam: Aré kané ager gernamém appíngéi ménggésudag, mé:tinsudag odokké toligdag. Tabu Ram Taídbí turra du:dodém mimong kin-go légangé, mo:rum kin-go légangé odokké aíké ope:, réngam kin-go légangé naré: pé bojéko agerém gerka. bíkké édémpé ager gernamém ka:líg sula migom lokké, angu angu kébang, ope:lokké bím toyumna yamminém, amaném bika. Odok buluk ara:do- 1. Agom Migang, 2007 (Mising Agom Kébang) 2. Sukapha Aman, 2011 (Ohom migomlokké) 3. Obonori Aín, 2012 (Ghunahuti mo:tagdokké) 4. Bhasha Sonman, 2012 (Sahityo Akademi) 5. Basudeb Jalan Aman, (Asom Sahityo Sobha) 6. Assam Shresta (Sikshya), (The Telegraph, LIC) 7. Anundoram Barooah Awards (ABILAC) 8. Ph.D Yammin (KKH Open University) Dírbí léga:pé gernam ager: Tabu Ram Taídbí poyirné, migom ager gerjo:né, adné taniyo:komangai, bímopuna:sin. Bík monam tatponé ni:tomém réngamé airu:pé aipé mé:dungai. Bí Guwahati Rediyo sentarlokké Mising anu ni:tomém mopongka. Ohom migomlok dírbí pe:le:dokké la:lennam 'Long Playing Record'lo bí Rita Debi Medokmé mojonsula 'Asi Jili Jiliko' ni:tomdém moka. Torun Sondro Pa:mega:mké adnam Mising Agom Kéba:dok Lé:tom tomsa:nané ni:tomdok torídé Tabu Ram Taídké binamé. Dr. Bhupen Hajorikaké molennam Teli: pilim 'Miri Jiyori'dok agom-gomyarkídí:dém Tabu Ram Taídbí adlen bika. Atí atí: Tabu Ram Taídbí porinélok légangé Rediyongki Inglishém poyirdungai. Bí Rediyo:lo Mising agomémsin poyirka. Gombíg kama:né agomkídí:dok gombíg légangé bí aipé aré kané agomém lubodungai. Sinam: Aso: aso:pé Tabu Ram Taídké ékéré aima:pé lyangkang. 2019 dítagdok 17 Agosto longédo bíGuwahati:lok Apolo Hospitaldo 77 dítakko turra dungge:la amigém migjémkang. Bíkké amírdém mimong migomé migom moírkampé ménggésula mosí:la Gugamukhdok Abutani lottado mésíngka. == Aman Pa:nam == # Agom Migang 2007 - Mising Agom Kébangé binam bottéya:pagné Gomlab Aman # Basudeb Jalan Bota # Ohom Migomlok Gomlab Penson # Sukapha Bota 2011 - Ohom Migomé binam aman # Obonori Dogné 2012 - Obonori Ghunasuti réngamé binam aman == Ka:yi:sunam == [[Category:Wp/mrg]] <references />{{INTERWIKI|Q7673594}} [[Category:Wp/mrg/Mising tani]] 8320jndi1q7h6grtwh56c3fmh4eoqb9 7255671 7255670 2026-07-19T13:23:31Z Tatoyayo 2686294 /* Ponam Ager */ 7255671 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrg/Infobox person |Ager=Agom-mibu, |image=Tabu Taid.jpg |birthname=Tabu Ram Taíd |death_place=Guahati |nationality=Bharotiyo |birth_place=Ayéngiya, Gunasuti, Lokimpur |birth_date=1942, 1 August |name=Tabu Ram Taíd |death_date=2019, 17 August }} '''Tabu Ram Taíd''' ([[Wp/mrg/Ingraji|Ingraji]]: Tabu Ram Taid)bí airu:pé kinjub-kinlabné tani:ko. Bí airu:pé tébégdopé gomlabém addagai. Bík adnamkídí:do airu:pé o:rí:pé lukéngé kadungai. Bí [[Wp/mrg/Mising agom|Mising agomém]] írga:monam léga:pé bojérungko agerém gerra gíkang. Bí Mising agom légango:lok agerém germangai, Mising dírbí légangésin bojérungko agerém gertag. Mising ni:tom (oi-ni:tom odokké anu ni:tom) so:nam atíkídí:dok írga:nam léga:pésin mé:bomsudopé agerém gertag. Édé Mising dírbídém ami tani: lottalo:pésin boma:la mo:píso pu:po jarpomonam agerém gertag.<ref>{{Wp/mrg/Cite web|url=https://www.sentinelassam.com/north-east-india-news/assam-news/assam-statue-of-noted-educationist-tabu-ram-taid-unveiled-673585|publication-date=02 Nov 2023|title=Assam: Statue of noted educationist Tabu Ram Taid unveiled}}</ref> Mising agom, [[Wp/mrg/Mising Gomlab|Mising Gomlab]]ém mirémbonam léga:pé ager gerga:lok bím [[Wp/mrg/Mising Agom Kébang|Mising Agom Kébang]]é [[Wp/mrg/Agom Migang|Agom Migang]] yamminki toyumtag.<ref>https://abilac.org/former-director/</ref> == Ponam Ager == Aíké do:lu:do du:né Tamonsuk Pobug pokodo Tabu Ram Taídbí dítag 1946-50 do pobug ponamém porika. Dítag 1951 dokké bi porika Uttor Lokhimpur Gobt. Hai Iskuldo. 1958 dítagdo bí metrig ankangém bila akoné dibijoném pa:la pa:ska. Metrigdém aipé aidopé pokurnam lédupé bí bottapé porinam légangé Kolkatalok Norendropurlo du:né Ram Krishno Mison Ashrom lokké dítag1960 do I.Sc. dém aipé aidopé pokurka. Kolkata Inibarsiti:lokké bí dítag 1963 do B.A. ponamdém Inglishlok Onars la:la aidopé pokurka. dítag 1966 do bí Delhi Inibarsiti:lokké M.A.dém pokurka. M.A.dém pokurnam lédupé migom ager gertu:la Tabu Ram Taídbí 'Applied Linguistic'lok Post Graduate Diplomangém Reading Uni-versity, Londonlokké dítag 1973-74 do langka. University of London lokké ditag 1982 do 'Certificate course in Distance bila aidogom kinam kanam ékérém lugé: la migomé bím UPSC Teaching' ponamém poka, dítag 1970 do bí UPSC ankangém agerro tolig tomang. Poyirnam ager gernam: Tabu Ram Taídbi ditag 1963 do B.A. pokurnam lédupé Ghilamora Hai Iskuldo poyirnépé agerém gerka. Dítag 1966 do M.A. dém pokur ge:la North Benk Kolej, Dhemaji Kolejlo bí porainam agerém gerka. Dhokuakhana Kolejdo la:lenboné Prinsipal pé ige:la dítag 1967 dokké bí Guwahati:lok du:né Koton Kolejdo Inglish pe:le:dok Porphisarpé agerém gerka. Migom ager gernam: APSC ankangé dítag 1981 do aila Koton Kolejdok poyirnamém mépagla Tabu Ram Taídbí Ohom Kin-go pe:le:lok Ru:tum ame: (DDPI)pé agerém gerka dítag 1981 dokké dítag 1984 do:pé. Dítag 1984 dokké 1989 dítagdo:pé bí Kamrup Mo:dumdok Iskulkídí:lok ka:sí:népé agerém gerka. Odok lédupé bíkké ager gernamém ka:líg mé:líg sula migomé ba:nyi baumpé kínggí:né agerém gerbomdopé tolíkka. 1990 dítagdokké 2000 dítagdo:pé bí Higher Education lok Ru:tum, SEBA, SCERTlok Ru:tum odokké 1989 do Anundoram Barooah Institute of Language, Arts and Culture (ABILAC)dok la:lenboné Ru:tumpé ika. 1997 dítagdokké 2004 dítag do:pé bi State Selection Boarddok Ru:tumpésin du:la agerém naréngo:pé gerka. Tabu Ram Taídbí okoloi agerém geryéji, oddoi apping ager gernaméi naré: pésé:la aipé aidungai. Odok légangé Kin-go pe:le:dém ka:sí: dopé migomé bím ménggésula agerém tolígdungai. Édé agerkídí:dok ara:do-Assam State Education Commissiondok ager ajon, National == Réngam Ager == Tabu Ram Taídbí porila du:dodokkébo do:lung réngam agerém aipé mé:nékai. Aíké do:lu:dok sí:jon ajon lédulo gímínna bí so:man mankolo Oi-ni:tom moyangai. Lédupé mo:té: mo:té:pé porila du:pénampé ila bí aíké réngam légangé agerém gerra:ma:pé ikang. Émdogom bí aíké réngam agomém gomsarpé adla réngamém lusí:namémpé idungai. Ponamém pongabnam lédupé Koton Kolejdo poyirné agerém gerdodokké bíréngam agerémsin gerropkaku. 1968 dítagdo Mising agom, gomlab la: réngamém mosí:nam agomém ru:bosula Guwahati:do migom ager gerra du:né la: porila du:né Mising réngamém jonsula 'Guwahati Mising Kébang'ém ba:lenboka. Édé kéba:dok bí du:pongarné kébang abupé ika. Porila, Ph.D. ila du:né Nahendro Pa:dunmé nébí: pé tolíkka. Mising Agom Kéba:dok Kébang Abu : 1972 dítagdo Mising Agom Kébangém Sibsagor mo:dumdok Disangmukhdo ba:lenka. Anupé ba:lennam kéba:dok Abupé Tabu Ram Taídmé, Nébí:pé Nahendro Pa:dunmé tolíkka. 1972 dítagdokké 1980 dítagdo:pé bí Mising Agom Kéba: dok kébang abupé ila agerém gerka Book Trustdok ager ajon, North-Eastern Oral Literature Centre dok ager ajon, Sahitya Akademi dok ager ajon, Academic Councildok ager ajon, Assam University, Gauhati University, Dibrugarh University lok ager ajonpé du:nam kídí: dém lukan bila:dag. Midang: Ghilamoralok Seniram Sayengiya:ké omé Basonti Sayengiya:mé 1967 dítagdo Tabu Ram Taídbílangka. Bínyikké ommang kídí:dé- Miranda la: Milindo bínyi. . == Potin La:lennam == === Mising Potin === # Mising Gompir Kumsung # Mising Gomlam Potin == Gomlab Ager == Potin la:lennam ager: Tabu Ram Taídbí aré kané potiném bojéko adlenka. Édé potinkídí: dé- 1. Miro Migolo (tíkum), 1956 2. Mising Agom Adyir, 1971 3. Poman-Moman, 1984 4. Mising Bhashar Banan-Poddhoti, 1983 5. Bani Kanta Kakati - The Man and his works. 1988 (comp. Dr. Ranjit Dev Goswami) 6. A Dictionary of the Mising Language, 1995 7. Ya:yok Do:ying (tíkum), 2005 8. Ekuki Nibondho, 2007 9. Glimpses, 2007 10. Mising Gompir Kumsung, 2010 (nébíng) 11. Mising Gomlam Potin (I), 2015 12. English for Schools - English Grammar and composition 13. Mising Folk-Tales, 2013 (ed.) 14. An Introduction to Mising Phonology and Grammar, 2016 15. The Scheduled Tribes of Assam, 2017 16. Mising Gomlam-Potin, 2017.- Toyumnamé la: Aman binam: Aré kané ager gernamém appíngéi ménggésudag, mé:tinsudag odokké toligdag. Tabu Ram Taídbí turra du:dodém mimong kin-go légangé, mo:rum kin-go légangé odokké aíké ope:, réngam kin-go légangé naré: pé bojéko agerém gerka. bíkké édémpé ager gernamém ka:líg sula migom lokké, angu angu kébang, ope:lokké bím toyumna yamminém, amaném bika. Odok buluk ara:do- 1. Agom Migang, 2007 (Mising Agom Kébang) 2. Sukapha Aman, 2011 (Ohom migomlokké) 3. Obonori Aín, 2012 (Ghunahuti mo:tagdokké) 4. Bhasha Sonman, 2012 (Sahityo Akademi) 5. Basudeb Jalan Aman, (Asom Sahityo Sobha) 6. Assam Shresta (Sikshya), (The Telegraph, LIC) 7. Anundoram Barooah Awards (ABILAC) 8. Ph.D Yammin (KKH Open University) Dírbí léga:pé gernam ager: Tabu Ram Taídbí poyirné, migom ager gerjo:né, adné taniyo:komangai, bímopuna:sin. Bík monam tatponé ni:tomém réngamé airu:pé aipé mé:dungai. Bí Guwahati Rediyo sentarlokké Mising anu ni:tomém mopongka. Ohom migomlok dírbí pe:le:dokké la:lennam 'Long Playing Record'lo bí Rita Debi Medokmé mojonsula 'Asi Jili Jiliko' ni:tomdém moka. Torun Sondro Pa:mega:mké adnam Mising Agom Kéba:dok Lé:tom tomsa:nané ni:tomdok torídé Tabu Ram Taídké binamé. Dr. Bhupen Hajorikaké molennam Teli: pilim 'Miri Jiyori'dok agom-gomyarkídí:dém Tabu Ram Taídbí adlen bika. Atí atí: Tabu Ram Taídbí porinélok légangé Rediyongki Inglishém poyirdungai. Bí Rediyo:lo Mising agomémsin poyirka. Gombíg kama:né agomkídí:dok gombíg légangé bí aipé aré kané agomém lubodungai. Sinam: Aso: aso:pé Tabu Ram Taídké ékéré aima:pé lyangkang. 2019 dítagdok 17 Agosto longédo bíGuwahati:lok Apolo Hospitaldo 77 dítakko turra dungge:la amigém migjémkang. Bíkké amírdém mimong migomé migom moírkampé ménggésula mosí:la Gugamukhdok Abutani lottado mésíngka. == Aman Pa:nam == # Agom Migang 2007 - Mising Agom Kébangé binam bottéya:pagné Gomlab Aman # Basudeb Jalan Bota # Ohom Migomlok Gomlab Penson # Sukapha Bota 2011 - Ohom Migomé binam aman # Obonori Dogné 2012 - Obonori Ghunasuti réngamé binam aman == Ka:yi:sunam == [[Category:Wp/mrg]] <references />{{INTERWIKI|Q7673594}} [[Category:Wp/mrg/Mising tani]] 40lrg2d845fsyrnkvn1yey3gpe6sso0 7255672 7255671 2026-07-19T13:25:25Z Tatoyayo 2686294 /* Ponam Ager */ 7255672 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrg/Infobox person |Ager=Agom-mibu, |image=Tabu Taid.jpg |birthname=Tabu Ram Taíd |death_place=Guahati |nationality=Bharotiyo |birth_place=Ayéngiya, Gunasuti, Lokimpur |birth_date=1942, 1 August |name=Tabu Ram Taíd |death_date=2019, 17 August }} '''Tabu Ram Taíd''' ([[Wp/mrg/Ingraji|Ingraji]]: Tabu Ram Taid)bí airu:pé kinjub-kinlabné tani:ko. Bí airu:pé tébégdopé gomlabém addagai. Bík adnamkídí:do airu:pé o:rí:pé lukéngé kadungai. Bí [[Wp/mrg/Mising agom|Mising agomém]] írga:monam léga:pé bojérungko agerém gerra gíkang. Bí Mising agom légango:lok agerém germangai, Mising dírbí légangésin bojérungko agerém gertag. Mising ni:tom (oi-ni:tom odokké anu ni:tom) so:nam atíkídí:dok írga:nam léga:pésin mé:bomsudopé agerém gertag. Édé Mising dírbídém ami tani: lottalo:pésin boma:la mo:píso pu:po jarpomonam agerém gertag.<ref>{{Wp/mrg/Cite web|url=https://www.sentinelassam.com/north-east-india-news/assam-news/assam-statue-of-noted-educationist-tabu-ram-taid-unveiled-673585|publication-date=02 Nov 2023|title=Assam: Statue of noted educationist Tabu Ram Taid unveiled}}</ref> Mising agom, [[Wp/mrg/Mising Gomlab|Mising Gomlab]]ém mirémbonam léga:pé ager gerga:lok bím [[Wp/mrg/Mising Agom Kébang|Mising Agom Kébang]]é [[Wp/mrg/Agom Migang|Agom Migang]] yamminki toyumtag.<ref>https://abilac.org/former-director/</ref> == Ponam Ager == Aíké do:lu:do du:né Tamonsuk Pobug pokodo Tabu Ram Taídbí dítag 1946-50 do pobug ponamém porika. Dítag 1951 dokké bi porika Uttor Lokhimpur Gobt. Hai Iskuldo. 1958 dítagdo bí metrig ankangém bila akoné dibijoném pa:la pa:ska. Metrigdém aipé aidopé pokurnam lédupé bí bottapé porinam légangé Kolkatalok Norendropurlo du:né Ram Krishno Mison Ashrom lokké dítag1960 do I.Sc. dém aipé aidopé pokurka. Kolkata Inibarsiti:lokké bí dítag 1963 do B.A. ponamdém Inglishlok Onars la:la aidopé pokurka. dítag 1966 do bí Delhi Inibarsiti:lokké M.A.dém pokurka. M.A.dém pokurnam lédupé migom ager gertu:la Tabu Ram Taídbí 'Applied Linguistic'lok Post Graduate Diplomangém Reading Uni-versity, Londonlokké dítag 1973-74 do langka. University of London lokké ditag 1982 do 'Certificate course in Distance bila aidogom kinam kanam ékérém lugé: la migomé bím UPSC Teaching' ponamém poka, dítag 1970 do bí UPSC ankangém agerro tolig tomang. Poyirnam ager gernam: Tabu Ram Taídbi ditag 1963 do B.A. pokurnam lédupé Ghilamora Hai Iskuldo poyirnépé agerém gerka. Dítag 1966 do M.A. dém pokur ge:la North Benk Kolej, Dhemaji Kolejlo bí porainam agerém gerka. Dhokuakhana Kolejdo la:lenboné Prinsipal pé ige:la dítag 1967 dokké bí Guwahati:lok du:né Koton Kolejdo Inglish pe:le:dok Porphisarpé agerém gerka. Migom ager gernam: APSC ankangé dítag 1981 do aila Koton Kolejdok poyirnamém mépagla Tabu Ram Taídbí Ohom Kin-go pe:le:lok Ru:tum ame: (DDPI)pé agerém gerka dítag 1981 dokké dítag 1984 do:pé. Dítag 1984 dokké dítag 1989 do:pé bí Kamrup Mo:dumdok Iskulkídí:lok ka:sí:népé agerém gerka. Odok lédupé bíkké ager gernamém ka:líg mé:líg sula migomé ba:nyi baumpé kínggí:né agerém gerbomdopé tolíkka. Dítag 1990 dokké dítag 2000 do:pé bí Higher Education lok Ru:tum, SEBA, SCERTlok Ru:tum odokké dítag 1989 do Anundoram Barooah Institute of Language, Arts and Culture (ABILAC)dok la:lenboné Ru:tumpé ika. 1997 dítagdokké 2004 dítag do:pé bi State Selection Boarddok Ru:tumpésin du:la agerém naréngo:pé gerka. Tabu Ram Taídbí okoloi agerém geryéji, oddoi apping ager gernaméi naré: pésé:la aipé aidungai. Odok légangé Kin-go pe:le:dém ka:sí: dopé migomé bím ménggésula agerém tolígdungai. Édé agerkídí:dok ara:do-Assam State Education Commissiondok ager ajon, National == Réngam Ager == Tabu Ram Taídbí porila du:dodokkébo do:lung réngam agerém aipé mé:nékai. Aíké do:lu:dok sí:jon ajon lédulo gímínna bí so:man mankolo Oi-ni:tom moyangai. Lédupé mo:té: mo:té:pé porila du:pénampé ila bí aíké réngam légangé agerém gerra:ma:pé ikang. Émdogom bí aíké réngam agomém gomsarpé adla réngamém lusí:namémpé idungai. Ponamém pongabnam lédupé Koton Kolejdo poyirné agerém gerdodokké bíréngam agerémsin gerropkaku. 1968 dítagdo Mising agom, gomlab la: réngamém mosí:nam agomém ru:bosula Guwahati:do migom ager gerra du:né la: porila du:né Mising réngamém jonsula 'Guwahati Mising Kébang'ém ba:lenboka. Édé kéba:dok bí du:pongarné kébang abupé ika. Porila, Ph.D. ila du:né Nahendro Pa:dunmé nébí: pé tolíkka. Mising Agom Kéba:dok Kébang Abu : 1972 dítagdo Mising Agom Kébangém Sibsagor mo:dumdok Disangmukhdo ba:lenka. Anupé ba:lennam kéba:dok Abupé Tabu Ram Taídmé, Nébí:pé Nahendro Pa:dunmé tolíkka. 1972 dítagdokké 1980 dítagdo:pé bí Mising Agom Kéba: dok kébang abupé ila agerém gerka Book Trustdok ager ajon, North-Eastern Oral Literature Centre dok ager ajon, Sahitya Akademi dok ager ajon, Academic Councildok ager ajon, Assam University, Gauhati University, Dibrugarh University lok ager ajonpé du:nam kídí: dém lukan bila:dag. Midang: Ghilamoralok Seniram Sayengiya:ké omé Basonti Sayengiya:mé 1967 dítagdo Tabu Ram Taídbílangka. Bínyikké ommang kídí:dé- Miranda la: Milindo bínyi. . == Potin La:lennam == === Mising Potin === # Mising Gompir Kumsung # Mising Gomlam Potin == Gomlab Ager == Potin la:lennam ager: Tabu Ram Taídbí aré kané potiném bojéko adlenka. Édé potinkídí: dé- 1. Miro Migolo (tíkum), 1956 2. Mising Agom Adyir, 1971 3. Poman-Moman, 1984 4. Mising Bhashar Banan-Poddhoti, 1983 5. Bani Kanta Kakati - The Man and his works. 1988 (comp. Dr. Ranjit Dev Goswami) 6. A Dictionary of the Mising Language, 1995 7. Ya:yok Do:ying (tíkum), 2005 8. Ekuki Nibondho, 2007 9. Glimpses, 2007 10. Mising Gompir Kumsung, 2010 (nébíng) 11. Mising Gomlam Potin (I), 2015 12. English for Schools - English Grammar and composition 13. Mising Folk-Tales, 2013 (ed.) 14. An Introduction to Mising Phonology and Grammar, 2016 15. The Scheduled Tribes of Assam, 2017 16. Mising Gomlam-Potin, 2017.- Toyumnamé la: Aman binam: Aré kané ager gernamém appíngéi ménggésudag, mé:tinsudag odokké toligdag. Tabu Ram Taídbí turra du:dodém mimong kin-go légangé, mo:rum kin-go légangé odokké aíké ope:, réngam kin-go légangé naré: pé bojéko agerém gerka. bíkké édémpé ager gernamém ka:líg sula migom lokké, angu angu kébang, ope:lokké bím toyumna yamminém, amaném bika. Odok buluk ara:do- 1. Agom Migang, 2007 (Mising Agom Kébang) 2. Sukapha Aman, 2011 (Ohom migomlokké) 3. Obonori Aín, 2012 (Ghunahuti mo:tagdokké) 4. Bhasha Sonman, 2012 (Sahityo Akademi) 5. Basudeb Jalan Aman, (Asom Sahityo Sobha) 6. Assam Shresta (Sikshya), (The Telegraph, LIC) 7. Anundoram Barooah Awards (ABILAC) 8. Ph.D Yammin (KKH Open University) Dírbí léga:pé gernam ager: Tabu Ram Taídbí poyirné, migom ager gerjo:né, adné taniyo:komangai, bímopuna:sin. Bík monam tatponé ni:tomém réngamé airu:pé aipé mé:dungai. Bí Guwahati Rediyo sentarlokké Mising anu ni:tomém mopongka. Ohom migomlok dírbí pe:le:dokké la:lennam 'Long Playing Record'lo bí Rita Debi Medokmé mojonsula 'Asi Jili Jiliko' ni:tomdém moka. Torun Sondro Pa:mega:mké adnam Mising Agom Kéba:dok Lé:tom tomsa:nané ni:tomdok torídé Tabu Ram Taídké binamé. Dr. Bhupen Hajorikaké molennam Teli: pilim 'Miri Jiyori'dok agom-gomyarkídí:dém Tabu Ram Taídbí adlen bika. Atí atí: Tabu Ram Taídbí porinélok légangé Rediyongki Inglishém poyirdungai. Bí Rediyo:lo Mising agomémsin poyirka. Gombíg kama:né agomkídí:dok gombíg légangé bí aipé aré kané agomém lubodungai. Sinam: Aso: aso:pé Tabu Ram Taídké ékéré aima:pé lyangkang. 2019 dítagdok 17 Agosto longédo bíGuwahati:lok Apolo Hospitaldo 77 dítakko turra dungge:la amigém migjémkang. Bíkké amírdém mimong migomé migom moírkampé ménggésula mosí:la Gugamukhdok Abutani lottado mésíngka. == Aman Pa:nam == # Agom Migang 2007 - Mising Agom Kébangé binam bottéya:pagné Gomlab Aman # Basudeb Jalan Bota # Ohom Migomlok Gomlab Penson # Sukapha Bota 2011 - Ohom Migomé binam aman # Obonori Dogné 2012 - Obonori Ghunasuti réngamé binam aman == Ka:yi:sunam == [[Category:Wp/mrg]] <references />{{INTERWIKI|Q7673594}} [[Category:Wp/mrg/Mising tani]] qhcq6j929x6eeoi9w18dbmxeg75lttf 7255673 7255672 2026-07-19T13:26:51Z Tatoyayo 2686294 /* Ponam Ager */ 7255673 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrg/Infobox person |Ager=Agom-mibu, |image=Tabu Taid.jpg |birthname=Tabu Ram Taíd |death_place=Guahati |nationality=Bharotiyo |birth_place=Ayéngiya, Gunasuti, Lokimpur |birth_date=1942, 1 August |name=Tabu Ram Taíd |death_date=2019, 17 August }} '''Tabu Ram Taíd''' ([[Wp/mrg/Ingraji|Ingraji]]: Tabu Ram Taid)bí airu:pé kinjub-kinlabné tani:ko. Bí airu:pé tébégdopé gomlabém addagai. Bík adnamkídí:do airu:pé o:rí:pé lukéngé kadungai. Bí [[Wp/mrg/Mising agom|Mising agomém]] írga:monam léga:pé bojérungko agerém gerra gíkang. Bí Mising agom légango:lok agerém germangai, Mising dírbí légangésin bojérungko agerém gertag. Mising ni:tom (oi-ni:tom odokké anu ni:tom) so:nam atíkídí:dok írga:nam léga:pésin mé:bomsudopé agerém gertag. Édé Mising dírbídém ami tani: lottalo:pésin boma:la mo:píso pu:po jarpomonam agerém gertag.<ref>{{Wp/mrg/Cite web|url=https://www.sentinelassam.com/north-east-india-news/assam-news/assam-statue-of-noted-educationist-tabu-ram-taid-unveiled-673585|publication-date=02 Nov 2023|title=Assam: Statue of noted educationist Tabu Ram Taid unveiled}}</ref> Mising agom, [[Wp/mrg/Mising Gomlab|Mising Gomlab]]ém mirémbonam léga:pé ager gerga:lok bím [[Wp/mrg/Mising Agom Kébang|Mising Agom Kébang]]é [[Wp/mrg/Agom Migang|Agom Migang]] yamminki toyumtag.<ref>https://abilac.org/former-director/</ref> == Ponam Ager == Aíké do:lu:do du:né Tamonsuk Pobug pokodo Tabu Ram Taídbí dítag 1946-50 do pobug ponamém porika. Dítag 1951 dokké bi porika Uttor Lokhimpur Gobt. Hai Iskuldo. 1958 dítagdo bí metrig ankangém bila akoné dibijoném pa:la pa:ska. Metrigdém aipé aidopé pokurnam lédupé bí bottapé porinam légangé Kolkatalok Norendropurlo du:né Ram Krishno Mison Ashrom lokké dítag1960 do I.Sc. dém aipé aidopé pokurka. Kolkata Inibarsiti:lokké bí dítag 1963 do B.A. ponamdém Inglishlok Onars la:la aidopé pokurka. dítag 1966 do bí Delhi Inibarsiti:lokké M.A.dém pokurka. M.A.dém pokurnam lédupé migom ager gertu:la Tabu Ram Taídbí 'Applied Linguistic'lok Post Graduate Diplomangém Reading Uni-versity, Londonlokké dítag 1973-74 do langka. University of London lokké ditag 1982 do 'Certificate course in Distance bila aidogom kinam kanam ékérém lugé: la migomé bím UPSC Teaching' ponamém poka, dítag 1970 do bí UPSC ankangém agerro tolig tomang. Poyirnam ager gernam: Tabu Ram Taídbi ditag 1963 do B.A. pokurnam lédupé Ghilamora Hai Iskuldo poyirnépé agerém gerka. Dítag 1966 do M.A. dém pokur ge:la North Benk Kolej, Dhemaji Kolejlo bí porainam agerém gerka. Dhokuakhana Kolejdo la:lenboné Prinsipal pé ige:la dítag 1967 dokké bí Guwahati:lok du:né Koton Kolejdo Inglish pe:le:dok Porphisarpé agerém gerka. Migom ager gernam: APSC ankangé dítag 1981 do aila Koton Kolejdok poyirnamém mépagla Tabu Ram Taídbí Ohom Kin-go pe:le:lok Ru:tum ame: (DDPI)pé agerém gerka dítag 1981 dokké dítag 1984 do:pé. Dítag 1984 dokké dítag 1989 do:pé bí Kamrup Mo:dumdok Iskulkídí:lok ka:sí:népé agerém gerka. Odok lédupé bíkké ager gernamém ka:líg mé:líg sula migomé ba:nyi baumpé kínggí:né agerém gerbomdopé tolíkka. Dítag 1990 dokké dítag 2000 do:pé bí Higher Education lok Ru:tum, SEBA, SCERTlok Ru:tum odokké dítag 1989 do Anundoram Barooah Institute of Language, Arts and Culture (ABILAC)dok la:lenboné Ru:tumpé ika. Dítag 1997 dokké dítag 2004 do:pé bi State Selection Boarddok Ru:tumpésin du:la agerém naréngo:pé gerka. Tabu Ram Taídbí okoloi agerém geryéji, oddoi apping ager gernaméi naré: pésé:la aipé aidungai. Odok légangé Kin-go pe:le:dém ka:sí: dopé migomé bím ménggésula agerém tolígdungai. Édé agerkídí:dok ara:do-Assam State Education Commissiondok ager ajon, National == Réngam Ager == Tabu Ram Taídbí porila du:dodokkébo do:lung réngam agerém aipé mé:nékai. Aíké do:lu:dok sí:jon ajon lédulo gímínna bí so:man mankolo Oi-ni:tom moyangai. Lédupé mo:té: mo:té:pé porila du:pénampé ila bí aíké réngam légangé agerém gerra:ma:pé ikang. Émdogom bí aíké réngam agomém gomsarpé adla réngamém lusí:namémpé idungai. Ponamém pongabnam lédupé Koton Kolejdo poyirné agerém gerdodokké bíréngam agerémsin gerropkaku. 1968 dítagdo Mising agom, gomlab la: réngamém mosí:nam agomém ru:bosula Guwahati:do migom ager gerra du:né la: porila du:né Mising réngamém jonsula 'Guwahati Mising Kébang'ém ba:lenboka. Édé kéba:dok bí du:pongarné kébang abupé ika. Porila, Ph.D. ila du:né Nahendro Pa:dunmé nébí: pé tolíkka. Mising Agom Kéba:dok Kébang Abu : 1972 dítagdo Mising Agom Kébangém Sibsagor mo:dumdok Disangmukhdo ba:lenka. Anupé ba:lennam kéba:dok Abupé Tabu Ram Taídmé, Nébí:pé Nahendro Pa:dunmé tolíkka. 1972 dítagdokké 1980 dítagdo:pé bí Mising Agom Kéba: dok kébang abupé ila agerém gerka Book Trustdok ager ajon, North-Eastern Oral Literature Centre dok ager ajon, Sahitya Akademi dok ager ajon, Academic Councildok ager ajon, Assam University, Gauhati University, Dibrugarh University lok ager ajonpé du:nam kídí: dém lukan bila:dag. Midang: Ghilamoralok Seniram Sayengiya:ké omé Basonti Sayengiya:mé 1967 dítagdo Tabu Ram Taídbílangka. Bínyikké ommang kídí:dé- Miranda la: Milindo bínyi. . == Potin La:lennam == === Mising Potin === # Mising Gompir Kumsung # Mising Gomlam Potin == Gomlab Ager == Potin la:lennam ager: Tabu Ram Taídbí aré kané potiném bojéko adlenka. Édé potinkídí: dé- 1. Miro Migolo (tíkum), 1956 2. Mising Agom Adyir, 1971 3. Poman-Moman, 1984 4. Mising Bhashar Banan-Poddhoti, 1983 5. Bani Kanta Kakati - The Man and his works. 1988 (comp. Dr. Ranjit Dev Goswami) 6. A Dictionary of the Mising Language, 1995 7. Ya:yok Do:ying (tíkum), 2005 8. Ekuki Nibondho, 2007 9. Glimpses, 2007 10. Mising Gompir Kumsung, 2010 (nébíng) 11. Mising Gomlam Potin (I), 2015 12. English for Schools - English Grammar and composition 13. Mising Folk-Tales, 2013 (ed.) 14. An Introduction to Mising Phonology and Grammar, 2016 15. The Scheduled Tribes of Assam, 2017 16. Mising Gomlam-Potin, 2017.- Toyumnamé la: Aman binam: Aré kané ager gernamém appíngéi ménggésudag, mé:tinsudag odokké toligdag. Tabu Ram Taídbí turra du:dodém mimong kin-go légangé, mo:rum kin-go légangé odokké aíké ope:, réngam kin-go légangé naré: pé bojéko agerém gerka. bíkké édémpé ager gernamém ka:líg sula migom lokké, angu angu kébang, ope:lokké bím toyumna yamminém, amaném bika. Odok buluk ara:do- 1. Agom Migang, 2007 (Mising Agom Kébang) 2. Sukapha Aman, 2011 (Ohom migomlokké) 3. Obonori Aín, 2012 (Ghunahuti mo:tagdokké) 4. Bhasha Sonman, 2012 (Sahityo Akademi) 5. Basudeb Jalan Aman, (Asom Sahityo Sobha) 6. Assam Shresta (Sikshya), (The Telegraph, LIC) 7. Anundoram Barooah Awards (ABILAC) 8. Ph.D Yammin (KKH Open University) Dírbí léga:pé gernam ager: Tabu Ram Taídbí poyirné, migom ager gerjo:né, adné taniyo:komangai, bímopuna:sin. Bík monam tatponé ni:tomém réngamé airu:pé aipé mé:dungai. Bí Guwahati Rediyo sentarlokké Mising anu ni:tomém mopongka. Ohom migomlok dírbí pe:le:dokké la:lennam 'Long Playing Record'lo bí Rita Debi Medokmé mojonsula 'Asi Jili Jiliko' ni:tomdém moka. Torun Sondro Pa:mega:mké adnam Mising Agom Kéba:dok Lé:tom tomsa:nané ni:tomdok torídé Tabu Ram Taídké binamé. Dr. Bhupen Hajorikaké molennam Teli: pilim 'Miri Jiyori'dok agom-gomyarkídí:dém Tabu Ram Taídbí adlen bika. Atí atí: Tabu Ram Taídbí porinélok légangé Rediyongki Inglishém poyirdungai. Bí Rediyo:lo Mising agomémsin poyirka. Gombíg kama:né agomkídí:dok gombíg légangé bí aipé aré kané agomém lubodungai. Sinam: Aso: aso:pé Tabu Ram Taídké ékéré aima:pé lyangkang. 2019 dítagdok 17 Agosto longédo bíGuwahati:lok Apolo Hospitaldo 77 dítakko turra dungge:la amigém migjémkang. Bíkké amírdém mimong migomé migom moírkampé ménggésula mosí:la Gugamukhdok Abutani lottado mésíngka. == Aman Pa:nam == # Agom Migang 2007 - Mising Agom Kébangé binam bottéya:pagné Gomlab Aman # Basudeb Jalan Bota # Ohom Migomlok Gomlab Penson # Sukapha Bota 2011 - Ohom Migomé binam aman # Obonori Dogné 2012 - Obonori Ghunasuti réngamé binam aman == Ka:yi:sunam == [[Category:Wp/mrg]] <references />{{INTERWIKI|Q7673594}} [[Category:Wp/mrg/Mising tani]] ecmd93mhof97e9a5q73tkz37udpj5rv 7255674 7255673 2026-07-19T13:30:16Z Tatoyayo 2686294 /* Ponam Ager */ 7255674 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrg/Infobox person |Ager=Agom-mibu, |image=Tabu Taid.jpg |birthname=Tabu Ram Taíd |death_place=Guahati |nationality=Bharotiyo |birth_place=Ayéngiya, Gunasuti, Lokimpur |birth_date=1942, 1 August |name=Tabu Ram Taíd |death_date=2019, 17 August }} '''Tabu Ram Taíd''' ([[Wp/mrg/Ingraji|Ingraji]]: Tabu Ram Taid)bí airu:pé kinjub-kinlabné tani:ko. Bí airu:pé tébégdopé gomlabém addagai. Bík adnamkídí:do airu:pé o:rí:pé lukéngé kadungai. Bí [[Wp/mrg/Mising agom|Mising agomém]] írga:monam léga:pé bojérungko agerém gerra gíkang. Bí Mising agom légango:lok agerém germangai, Mising dírbí légangésin bojérungko agerém gertag. Mising ni:tom (oi-ni:tom odokké anu ni:tom) so:nam atíkídí:dok írga:nam léga:pésin mé:bomsudopé agerém gertag. Édé Mising dírbídém ami tani: lottalo:pésin boma:la mo:píso pu:po jarpomonam agerém gertag.<ref>{{Wp/mrg/Cite web|url=https://www.sentinelassam.com/north-east-india-news/assam-news/assam-statue-of-noted-educationist-tabu-ram-taid-unveiled-673585|publication-date=02 Nov 2023|title=Assam: Statue of noted educationist Tabu Ram Taid unveiled}}</ref> Mising agom, [[Wp/mrg/Mising Gomlab|Mising Gomlab]]ém mirémbonam léga:pé ager gerga:lok bím [[Wp/mrg/Mising Agom Kébang|Mising Agom Kébang]]é [[Wp/mrg/Agom Migang|Agom Migang]] yamminki toyumtag.<ref>https://abilac.org/former-director/</ref> == Ponam Ager == Aíké do:lu:do du:né Tamonsuk Pobug pokodo Tabu Ram Taídbí dítag 1946-50 do pobug ponamém porika. Dítag 1951 dokké bi porika Uttor Lokhimpur Gobt. Hai Iskuldo. 1958 dítagdo bí metrig ankangém bila akoné dibijoném pa:la pa:ska. Metrigdém aipé aidopé pokurnam lédupé bí bottapé porinam légangé Kolkatalok Norendropurlo du:né Ram Krishno Mison Ashrom lokké dítag1960 do I.Sc. dém aipé aidopé pokurka. Kolkata Inibarsiti:lokké bí dítag 1963 do B.A. ponamdém Inglishlok Onars la:la aidopé pokurka. dítag 1966 do bí Delhi Inibarsiti:lokké M.A.dém pokurka. M.A.dém pokurnam lédupé migom ager gertu:la Tabu Ram Taídbí 'Applied Linguistic'lok Post Graduate Diplomangém Reading Uni-versity, Londonlokké dítag 1973-74 do langka. University of London lokké ditag 1982 do 'Certificate course in Distance bila aidogom kinam kanam ékérém lugé: la migomé bím UPSC Teaching' ponamém poka, dítag 1970 do bí UPSC ankangém agerro tolig tomang. Poyirnam ager gernam: Tabu Ram Taídbi ditag 1963 do B.A. pokurnam lédupé Ghilamora Hai Iskuldo poyirnépé agerém gerka. Dítag 1966 do M.A. dém pokur ge:la North Benk Kolej, Dhemaji Kolejlo bí porainam agerém gerka. Dhokuakhana Kolejdo la:lenboné Prinsipal pé ige:la dítag 1967 dokké bí Guwahati:lok du:né Koton Kolejdo Inglish pe:le:dok Porphisarpé agerém gerka. Migom ager gernam: APSC ankangé dítag 1981 do aila Koton Kolejdok poyirnamém mépagla Tabu Ram Taídbí Ohom Kin-go pe:le:lok Ru:tum ame: (DDPI)pé agerém gerka dítag 1981 dokké dítag 1984 do:pé. Dítag 1984 dokké dítag 1989 do:pé bí Kamrup Mo:dumdok Iskulkídí:lok ka:sí:népé agerém gerka. Odok lédupé bíkké ager gernamém ka:líg mé:líg sula migomé ba:nyi baumpé kínggí:né agerém gerbomdopé tolíkka. Dítag 1990 dokké dítag 2000 do:pé bí Higher Education lok Ru:tum, SEBA, SCERTlok Ru:tum odokké dítag 1989 do Anundoram Barooah Institute of Language, Arts and Culture (ABILAC)dok la:lenboné Ru:tumpé ika. Dítag 1997 dokké dítag 2004 do:pé bi State Selection Boarddok Ru:tumpésin du:la agerém naréngo:pé gerka. Tabu Ram Taídbí okoloi agerém geryéji, oddoi apping ager gernaméi naré: pésé:la aipé aidungai. Odok légangé Kin-go pe:le:dém ka:sí: dopé migomé bím ménggésula agerém tolígdungai. Édé agerkídí:dok ara:do-Assam State Education Commissiondok ager ajon, National == Réngam Ager == Tabu Ram Taídbí porila du:dodokkébo do:lung réngam agerém aipé mé:nékai. Aíké do:lu:dok sí:jon ajon lédulo gímínna bí so:man mankolo Oi-ni:tom moyangai. Lédupé mo:té: mo:té:pé porila du:pénampé ila bí aíké réngam légangé agerém gerra:ma:pé ikang. Émdogom bí aíké réngam agomém gomsarpé adla réngamém lusí:namémpé idungai. Ponamém pongabnam lédupé Koton Kolejdo poyirné agerém gerdodokké bíréngam agerémsin gerropkaku. 1968 dítagdo Mising agom, gomlab la: réngamém mosí:nam agomém ru:bosula Guwahati:do migom ager gerra du:né la: porila du:né Mising réngamém jonsula 'Guwahati Mising Kébang'ém ba:lenboka. Édé kéba:dok bí du:pongarné kébang abupé ika. Porila, Ph.D. ila du:né Nahendro Pa:dunmé nébí: pé tolíkka. Mising Agom Kéba:dok Kébang Abu : 1972 dítagdo Mising Agom Kébangém Sibsagor mo:dumdok Disangmukhdo ba:lenka. Anupé ba:lennam kéba:dok Abupé Tabu Ram Taídmé, Nébí:pé Nahendro Pa:dunmé tolíkka. 1972 dítagdokké 1980 dítagdo:pé bí Mising Agom Kéba: dok kébang abupé ila agerém gerka Book Trustdok ager ajon, North-Eastern Oral Literature Centre dok ager ajon, Sahitya Akademi dok ager ajon, Academic Councildok ager ajon, Assam University, Gauhati University, Dibrugarh University lok ager ajonpé du:nam kídí: dém lukan bila:dag. Midang: Ghilamoralok Seniram Sayengiya:ké omé Basonti Sayengiya:mé 1967 dítagdo Tabu Ram Taídbílangka. Bínyikké ommang kídí:dé- Miranda la: Milindo bínyi. . == Potin La:lennam == === Mising Potin === # Mising Gompir Kumsung # Mising Gomlam Potin == Gomlab Ager == Potin la:lennam ager: Tabu Ram Taídbí aré kané potiném bojéko adlenka. Édé potinkídí: dé- 1. Miro Migolo (tíkum), 1956 2. Mising Agom Adyir, 1971 3. Poman-Moman, 1984 4. Mising Bhashar Banan-Poddhoti, 1983 5. Bani Kanta Kakati - The Man and his works. 1988 (comp. Dr. Ranjit Dev Goswami) 6. A Dictionary of the Mising Language, 1995 7. Ya:yok Do:ying (tíkum), 2005 8. Ekuki Nibondho, 2007 9. Glimpses, 2007 10. Mising Gompir Kumsung, 2010 (nébíng) 11. Mising Gomlam Potin (I), 2015 12. English for Schools - English Grammar and composition 13. Mising Folk-Tales, 2013 (ed.) 14. An Introduction to Mising Phonology and Grammar, 2016 15. The Scheduled Tribes of Assam, 2017 16. Mising Gomlam-Potin, 2017.- Toyumnamé la: Aman binam: Aré kané ager gernamém appíngéi ménggésudag, mé:tinsudag odokké toligdag. Tabu Ram Taídbí turra du:dodém mimong kin-go légangé, mo:rum kin-go légangé odokké aíké ope:, réngam kin-go légangé naré: pé bojéko agerém gerka. bíkké édémpé ager gernamém ka:líg sula migom lokké, angu angu kébang, ope:lokké bím toyumna yamminém, amaném bika. Odok buluk ara:do- 1. Agom Migang, 2007 (Mising Agom Kébang) 2. Sukapha Aman, 2011 (Ohom migomlokké) 3. Obonori Aín, 2012 (Ghunahuti mo:tagdokké) 4. Bhasha Sonman, 2012 (Sahityo Akademi) 5. Basudeb Jalan Aman, (Asom Sahityo Sobha) 6. Assam Shresta (Sikshya), (The Telegraph, LIC) 7. Anundoram Barooah Awards (ABILAC) 8. Ph.D Yammin (KKH Open University) Dírbí léga:pé gernam ager: Tabu Ram Taídbí poyirné, migom ager gerjo:né, adné taniyo:komangai, bímopuna:sin. Bík monam tatponé ni:tomém réngamé airu:pé aipé mé:dungai. Bí Guwahati Rediyo sentarlokké Mising anu ni:tomém mopongka. Ohom migomlok dírbí pe:le:dokké la:lennam 'Long Playing Record'lo bí Rita Debi Medokmé mojonsula 'Asi Jili Jiliko' ni:tomdém moka. Torun Sondro Pa:mega:mké adnam Mising Agom Kéba:dok Lé:tom tomsa:nané ni:tomdok torídé Tabu Ram Taídké binamé. Dr. Bhupen Hajorikaké molennam Teli: pilim 'Miri Jiyori'dok agom-gomyarkídí:dém Tabu Ram Taídbí adlen bika. Atí atí: Tabu Ram Taídbí porinélok légangé Rediyongki Inglishém poyirdungai. Bí Rediyo:lo Mising agomémsin poyirka. Gombíg kama:né agomkídí:dok gombíg légangé bí aipé aré kané agomém lubodungai. Sinam: Aso: aso:pé Tabu Ram Taídké ékéré aima:pé lyangkang. 2019 dítagdok 17 Agosto longédo bíGuwahati:lok Apolo Hospitaldo 77 dítakko turra dungge:la amigém migjémkang. Bíkké amírdém mimong migomé migom moírkampé ménggésula mosí:la Gugamukhdok Abutani lottado mésíngka. == Aman Pa:nam == # Agom Migang 2007 - Mising Agom Kébangé binam bottéya:pagné Gomlab Aman # Basudeb Jalan Bota # Ohom Migomlok Gomlab Penson # Sukapha Bota 2011 - Ohom Migomé binam aman # Obonori Dogné 2012 - Obonori Ghunasuti réngamé binam aman == Ka:yi:sunam == [[Category:Wp/mrg]] <references />{{INTERWIKI|Q7673594}} [[Category:Wp/mrg/Mising tani]] 4ypkjys6rhu1o3qpozbkl90w6x00t2l 7255675 7255674 2026-07-19T13:33:18Z Tatoyayo 2686294 /* Ponam Ager */ 7255675 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrg/Infobox person |Ager=Agom-mibu, |image=Tabu Taid.jpg |birthname=Tabu Ram Taíd |death_place=Guahati |nationality=Bharotiyo |birth_place=Ayéngiya, Gunasuti, Lokimpur |birth_date=1942, 1 August |name=Tabu Ram Taíd |death_date=2019, 17 August }} '''Tabu Ram Taíd''' ([[Wp/mrg/Ingraji|Ingraji]]: Tabu Ram Taid)bí airu:pé kinjub-kinlabné tani:ko. Bí airu:pé tébégdopé gomlabém addagai. Bík adnamkídí:do airu:pé o:rí:pé lukéngé kadungai. Bí [[Wp/mrg/Mising agom|Mising agomém]] írga:monam léga:pé bojérungko agerém gerra gíkang. Bí Mising agom légango:lok agerém germangai, Mising dírbí légangésin bojérungko agerém gertag. Mising ni:tom (oi-ni:tom odokké anu ni:tom) so:nam atíkídí:dok írga:nam léga:pésin mé:bomsudopé agerém gertag. Édé Mising dírbídém ami tani: lottalo:pésin boma:la mo:píso pu:po jarpomonam agerém gertag.<ref>{{Wp/mrg/Cite web|url=https://www.sentinelassam.com/north-east-india-news/assam-news/assam-statue-of-noted-educationist-tabu-ram-taid-unveiled-673585|publication-date=02 Nov 2023|title=Assam: Statue of noted educationist Tabu Ram Taid unveiled}}</ref> Mising agom, [[Wp/mrg/Mising Gomlab|Mising Gomlab]]ém mirémbonam léga:pé ager gerga:lok bím [[Wp/mrg/Mising Agom Kébang|Mising Agom Kébang]]é [[Wp/mrg/Agom Migang|Agom Migang]] yamminki toyumtag.<ref>https://abilac.org/former-director/</ref> == Ponam Ager == Aíké do:lu:do du:né Tamonsuk Pobug pokodo Tabu Ram Taídbí dítag 1946-50 do pobug ponamém porika. Dítag 1951 dokké bi porika Uttor Lokhimpur Gobt. Hai Iskuldo. 1958 dítagdo bí metrig ankangém bila akoné dibijoném pa:la pa:ska. Metrigdém aipé aidopé pokurnam lédupé bí bottapé porinam légangé Kolkatalok Norendropurlo du:né Ram Krishno Mison Ashrom lokké dítag1960 do I.Sc. dém aipé aidopé pokurka. Kolkata Inibarsiti:lokké bí dítag 1963 do B.A. ponamdém Inglishlok Onars la:la aidopé pokurka. dítag 1966 do bí Delhi Inibarsiti:lokké M.A.dém pokurka. M.A.dém pokurnam lédupé migom ager gertu:la Tabu Ram Taídbí 'Applied Linguistic'lok Post Graduate Diplomangém Reading Uni-versity, Londonlokké dítag 1973-74 do langka. University of London lokké ditag 1982 do 'Certificate course in Distance bila aidogom kinam kanam ékérém lugé: la migomé bím UPSC Teaching' ponamém poka, dítag 1970 do bí UPSC ankangém agerro tolig tomang. == Réngam Ager == Tabu Ram Taídbí porila du:dodokkébo do:lung réngam agerém aipé mé:nékai. Aíké do:lu:dok sí:jon ajon lédulo gímínna bí so:man mankolo Oi-ni:tom moyangai. Lédupé mo:té: mo:té:pé porila du:pénampé ila bí aíké réngam légangé agerém gerra:ma:pé ikang. Émdogom bí aíké réngam agomém gomsarpé adla réngamém lusí:namémpé idungai. Ponamém pongabnam lédupé Koton Kolejdo poyirné agerém gerdodokké bíréngam agerémsin gerropkaku. 1968 dítagdo Mising agom, gomlab la: réngamém mosí:nam agomém ru:bosula Guwahati:do migom ager gerra du:né la: porila du:né Mising réngamém jonsula 'Guwahati Mising Kébang'ém ba:lenboka. Édé kéba:dok bí du:pongarné kébang abupé ika. Porila, Ph.D. ila du:né Nahendro Pa:dunmé nébí: pé tolíkka. Poyirnam ager gernam: Tabu Ram Taídbi ditag 1963 do B.A. pokurnam lédupé Ghilamora Hai Iskuldo poyirnépé agerém gerka. Dítag 1966 do M.A. dém pokur ge:la North Benk Kolej, Dhemaji Kolejlo bí porainam agerém gerka. Dhokuakhana Kolejdo la:lenboné Prinsipal pé ige:la dítag 1967 dokké bí Guwahati:lok du:né Koton Kolejdo Inglish pe:le:dok Porphisarpé agerém gerka. Migom ager gernam: APSC ankangé dítag 1981 do aila Koton Kolejdok poyirnamém mépagla Tabu Ram Taídbí Ohom Kin-go pe:le:lok Ru:tum ame: (DDPI)pé agerém gerka dítag 1981 dokké dítag 1984 do:pé. Dítag 1984 dokké dítag 1989 do:pé bí Kamrup Mo:dumdok Iskulkídí:lok ka:sí:népé agerém gerka. Odok lédupé bíkké ager gernamém ka:líg mé:líg sula migomé ba:nyi baumpé kínggí:né agerém gerbomdopé tolíkka. Dítag 1990 dokké dítag 2000 do:pé bí Higher Education lok Ru:tum, SEBA, SCERTlok Ru:tum odokké dítag 1989 do Anundoram Barooah Institute of Language, Arts and Culture (ABILAC)dok la:lenboné Ru:tumpé ika. Dítag 1997 dokké dítag 2004 do:pé bi State Selection Boarddok Ru:tumpésin du:la agerém naréngo:pé gerka. Tabu Ram Taídbí okoloi agerém geryéji, oddoi apping ager gernaméi naré: pésé:la aipé aidungai. Odok légangé Kin-go pe:le:dém ka:sí: dopé migomé bím ménggésula agerém tolígdungai. Édé agerkídí:dok ara:do-Assam State Education Commissiondok ager ajon, National Mising Agom Kéba:dok Kébang Abu : 1972 dítagdo Mising Agom Kébangém Sibsagor mo:dumdok Disangmukhdo ba:lenka. Anupé ba:lennam kéba:dok Abupé Tabu Ram Taídmé, Nébí:pé Nahendro Pa:dunmé tolíkka. 1972 dítagdokké 1980 dítagdo:pé bí Mising Agom Kéba: dok kébang abupé ila agerém gerka Book Trustdok ager ajon, North-Eastern Oral Literature Centre dok ager ajon, Sahitya Akademi dok ager ajon, Academic Councildok ager ajon, Assam University, Gauhati University, Dibrugarh University lok ager ajonpé du:nam kídí: dém lukan bila:dag. Midang: Ghilamoralok Seniram Sayengiya:ké omé Basonti Sayengiya:mé 1967 dítagdo Tabu Ram Taídbílangka. Bínyikké ommang kídí:dé- Miranda la: Milindo bínyi. . == Potin La:lennam == === Mising Potin === # Mising Gompir Kumsung # Mising Gomlam Potin == Gomlab Ager == Potin la:lennam ager: Tabu Ram Taídbí aré kané potiném bojéko adlenka. Édé potinkídí: dé- 1. Miro Migolo (tíkum), 1956 2. Mising Agom Adyir, 1971 3. Poman-Moman, 1984 4. Mising Bhashar Banan-Poddhoti, 1983 5. Bani Kanta Kakati - The Man and his works. 1988 (comp. Dr. Ranjit Dev Goswami) 6. A Dictionary of the Mising Language, 1995 7. Ya:yok Do:ying (tíkum), 2005 8. Ekuki Nibondho, 2007 9. Glimpses, 2007 10. Mising Gompir Kumsung, 2010 (nébíng) 11. Mising Gomlam Potin (I), 2015 12. English for Schools - English Grammar and composition 13. Mising Folk-Tales, 2013 (ed.) 14. An Introduction to Mising Phonology and Grammar, 2016 15. The Scheduled Tribes of Assam, 2017 16. Mising Gomlam-Potin, 2017.- Toyumnamé la: Aman binam: Aré kané ager gernamém appíngéi ménggésudag, mé:tinsudag odokké toligdag. Tabu Ram Taídbí turra du:dodém mimong kin-go légangé, mo:rum kin-go légangé odokké aíké ope:, réngam kin-go légangé naré: pé bojéko agerém gerka. bíkké édémpé ager gernamém ka:líg sula migom lokké, angu angu kébang, ope:lokké bím toyumna yamminém, amaném bika. Odok buluk ara:do- 1. Agom Migang, 2007 (Mising Agom Kébang) 2. Sukapha Aman, 2011 (Ohom migomlokké) 3. Obonori Aín, 2012 (Ghunahuti mo:tagdokké) 4. Bhasha Sonman, 2012 (Sahityo Akademi) 5. Basudeb Jalan Aman, (Asom Sahityo Sobha) 6. Assam Shresta (Sikshya), (The Telegraph, LIC) 7. Anundoram Barooah Awards (ABILAC) 8. Ph.D Yammin (KKH Open University) Dírbí léga:pé gernam ager: Tabu Ram Taídbí poyirné, migom ager gerjo:né, adné taniyo:komangai, bímopuna:sin. Bík monam tatponé ni:tomém réngamé airu:pé aipé mé:dungai. Bí Guwahati Rediyo sentarlokké Mising anu ni:tomém mopongka. Ohom migomlok dírbí pe:le:dokké la:lennam 'Long Playing Record'lo bí Rita Debi Medokmé mojonsula 'Asi Jili Jiliko' ni:tomdém moka. Torun Sondro Pa:mega:mké adnam Mising Agom Kéba:dok Lé:tom tomsa:nané ni:tomdok torídé Tabu Ram Taídké binamé. Dr. Bhupen Hajorikaké molennam Teli: pilim 'Miri Jiyori'dok agom-gomyarkídí:dém Tabu Ram Taídbí adlen bika. Atí atí: Tabu Ram Taídbí porinélok légangé Rediyongki Inglishém poyirdungai. Bí Rediyo:lo Mising agomémsin poyirka. Gombíg kama:né agomkídí:dok gombíg légangé bí aipé aré kané agomém lubodungai. Sinam: Aso: aso:pé Tabu Ram Taídké ékéré aima:pé lyangkang. 2019 dítagdok 17 Agosto longédo bíGuwahati:lok Apolo Hospitaldo 77 dítakko turra dungge:la amigém migjémkang. Bíkké amírdém mimong migomé migom moírkampé ménggésula mosí:la Gugamukhdok Abutani lottado mésíngka. == Aman Pa:nam == # Agom Migang 2007 - Mising Agom Kébangé binam bottéya:pagné Gomlab Aman # Basudeb Jalan Bota # Ohom Migomlok Gomlab Penson # Sukapha Bota 2011 - Ohom Migomé binam aman # Obonori Dogné 2012 - Obonori Ghunasuti réngamé binam aman == Ka:yi:sunam == [[Category:Wp/mrg]] <references />{{INTERWIKI|Q7673594}} [[Category:Wp/mrg/Mising tani]] 6bu6qigve5y3w0grg3jqbxbvltlwg9s 7255678 7255675 2026-07-19T13:41:43Z Tatoyayo 2686294 /* Réngam Ager */ 7255678 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrg/Infobox person |Ager=Agom-mibu, |image=Tabu Taid.jpg |birthname=Tabu Ram Taíd |death_place=Guahati |nationality=Bharotiyo |birth_place=Ayéngiya, Gunasuti, Lokimpur |birth_date=1942, 1 August |name=Tabu Ram Taíd |death_date=2019, 17 August }} '''Tabu Ram Taíd''' ([[Wp/mrg/Ingraji|Ingraji]]: Tabu Ram Taid)bí airu:pé kinjub-kinlabné tani:ko. Bí airu:pé tébégdopé gomlabém addagai. Bík adnamkídí:do airu:pé o:rí:pé lukéngé kadungai. Bí [[Wp/mrg/Mising agom|Mising agomém]] írga:monam léga:pé bojérungko agerém gerra gíkang. Bí Mising agom légango:lok agerém germangai, Mising dírbí légangésin bojérungko agerém gertag. Mising ni:tom (oi-ni:tom odokké anu ni:tom) so:nam atíkídí:dok írga:nam léga:pésin mé:bomsudopé agerém gertag. Édé Mising dírbídém ami tani: lottalo:pésin boma:la mo:píso pu:po jarpomonam agerém gertag.<ref>{{Wp/mrg/Cite web|url=https://www.sentinelassam.com/north-east-india-news/assam-news/assam-statue-of-noted-educationist-tabu-ram-taid-unveiled-673585|publication-date=02 Nov 2023|title=Assam: Statue of noted educationist Tabu Ram Taid unveiled}}</ref> Mising agom, [[Wp/mrg/Mising Gomlab|Mising Gomlab]]ém mirémbonam léga:pé ager gerga:lok bím [[Wp/mrg/Mising Agom Kébang|Mising Agom Kébang]]é [[Wp/mrg/Agom Migang|Agom Migang]] yamminki toyumtag.<ref>https://abilac.org/former-director/</ref> == Ponam Ager == Aíké do:lu:do du:né Tamonsuk Pobug pokodo Tabu Ram Taídbí dítag 1946-50 do pobug ponamém porika. Dítag 1951 dokké bi porika Uttor Lokhimpur Gobt. Hai Iskuldo. 1958 dítagdo bí metrig ankangém bila akoné dibijoném pa:la pa:ska. Metrigdém aipé aidopé pokurnam lédupé bí bottapé porinam légangé Kolkatalok Norendropurlo du:né Ram Krishno Mison Ashrom lokké dítag1960 do I.Sc. dém aipé aidopé pokurka. Kolkata Inibarsiti:lokké bí dítag 1963 do B.A. ponamdém Inglishlok Onars la:la aidopé pokurka. dítag 1966 do bí Delhi Inibarsiti:lokké M.A.dém pokurka. M.A.dém pokurnam lédupé migom ager gertu:la Tabu Ram Taídbí 'Applied Linguistic'lok Post Graduate Diplomangém Reading Uni-versity, Londonlokké dítag 1973-74 do langka. University of London lokké ditag 1982 do 'Certificate course in Distance bila aidogom kinam kanam ékérém lugé: la migomé bím UPSC Teaching' ponamém poka, dítag 1970 do bí UPSC ankangém agerro tolig tomang. == Réngam Ager == Tabu Ram Taídbí porila du:dodokkébo do:lung réngam agerém aipé mé:nékai. Aíké do:lu:dok sí:jon ajon lédulo gímínna bí so:man mankolo Oi-ni:tom moyangai. Lédupé mo:té: mo:té:pé porila du:pénampé ila bí aíké réngam légangé agerém gerra:ma:pé ikang. Émdogom bí aíké réngam agomém gomsarpé adla réngamém lusí:namémpé idungai. Ponamém pongabnam lédupé Koton Kolejdo poyirné agerém gerdodokké bíréngam agerémsin gerropkaku. 1968 dítagdo Mising agom, gomlab la: réngamém mosí:nam agomém ru:bosula Guwahati:do migom ager gerra du:né la: porila du:né Mising réngamém jonsula 'Guwahati Mising Kébang'ém ba:lenboka. Édé kéba:dok bí du:pongarné kébang abupé ika. Porila, Ph.D. ila du:né Nahendro Pa:dunmé nébí: pé tolíkka. Poyirnam ager gernam: Tabu Ram Taídbi ditag 1963 do B.A. pokurnam lédupé Ghilamora Hai Iskuldo poyirnépé agerém gerka. Dítag 1966 do M.A. dém pokur ge:la North Benk Kolej, Dhemaji Kolejlo bí porainam agerém gerka. Dhokuakhana Kolejdo la:lenboné Prinsipal pé ige:la dítag 1967 dokké bí Guwahati:lok du:né Koton Kolejdo Inglish pe:le:dok Porphisarpé agerém gerka. Migom ager gernam: APSC ankangé dítag 1981 do aila Koton Kolejdok poyirnamém mépagla Tabu Ram Taídbí Ohom Kin-go pe:le:lok Ru:tum ame: (DDPI)pé agerém gerka dítag 1981 dokké dítag 1984 do:pé. Dítag 1984 dokké dítag 1989 do:pé bí Kamrup Mo:dumdok Iskulkídí:lok ka:sí:népé agerém gerka. Odok lédupé bíkké ager gernamém ka:líg mé:líg sula migomé ba:nyi baumpé kínggí:né agerém gerbomdopé tolíkka. Dítag 1990 dokké dítag 2000 do:pé bí Higher Education lok Ru:tum, SEBA, SCERTlok Ru:tum odokké dítag 1989 do Anundoram Barooah Institute of Language, Arts and Culture (ABILAC)dok la:lenboné Ru:tumpé ika. Dítag 1997 dokké dítag 2004 do:pé bi State Selection Boarddok Ru:tumpésin du:la agerém naréngo:pé gerka. Tabu Ram Taídbí okoloi agerém geryéji, oddoi apping ager gernaméi naré: pésé:la aipé aidungai. Odok légangé Kin-go pe:le:dém ka:sí: dopé migomé bím ménggésula agerém tolígdungai. Édé agerkídí:dok ara:do-Assam State Education Commissiondok ager ajon, National Book Trustdok ager ajon, North-Eastern Oral Literature Centre dok ager ajon, Sahitya Akademi dok ager ajon, Academic Councildok ager ajon, Assam University, Gauhati University, Dibrugarh University lok ager ajonpé du:nam kídí: dém lukan bila:dag. Mising Agom Kéba:dok Kébang Abu : 1972 dítagdo Mising Agom Kébangém Sibsagor mo:dumdok Disangmukhdo ba:lenka. Anupé ba:lennam kéba:dok Abupé Tabu Ram Taídmé, Nébí:pé Nahendro Pa:dunmé tolíkka. 1972 dítagdokké 1980 dítagdo:pé bí Mising Agom Kéba: dok kébang abupé ila agerém gerka Midang: Ghilamoralok Seniram Sayengiya:ké omé Basonti Sayengiya:mé 1967 dítagdo Tabu Ram Taídbílangka. Bínyikké ommang kídí:dé- Miranda la: Milindo bínyi. . == Potin La:lennam == === Mising Potin === # Mising Gompir Kumsung # Mising Gomlam Potin == Gomlab Ager == Potin la:lennam ager: Tabu Ram Taídbí aré kané potiném bojéko adlenka. Édé potinkídí: dé- 1. Miro Migolo (tíkum), 1956 2. Mising Agom Adyir, 1971 3. Poman-Moman, 1984 4. Mising Bhashar Banan-Poddhoti, 1983 5. Bani Kanta Kakati - The Man and his works. 1988 (comp. Dr. Ranjit Dev Goswami) 6. A Dictionary of the Mising Language, 1995 7. Ya:yok Do:ying (tíkum), 2005 8. Ekuki Nibondho, 2007 9. Glimpses, 2007 10. Mising Gompir Kumsung, 2010 (nébíng) 11. Mising Gomlam Potin (I), 2015 12. English for Schools - English Grammar and composition 13. Mising Folk-Tales, 2013 (ed.) 14. An Introduction to Mising Phonology and Grammar, 2016 15. The Scheduled Tribes of Assam, 2017 16. Mising Gomlam-Potin, 2017.- Toyumnamé la: Aman binam: Aré kané ager gernamém appíngéi ménggésudag, mé:tinsudag odokké toligdag. Tabu Ram Taídbí turra du:dodém mimong kin-go légangé, mo:rum kin-go légangé odokké aíké ope:, réngam kin-go légangé naré: pé bojéko agerém gerka. bíkké édémpé ager gernamém ka:líg sula migom lokké, angu angu kébang, ope:lokké bím toyumna yamminém, amaném bika. Odok buluk ara:do- 1. Agom Migang, 2007 (Mising Agom Kébang) 2. Sukapha Aman, 2011 (Ohom migomlokké) 3. Obonori Aín, 2012 (Ghunahuti mo:tagdokké) 4. Bhasha Sonman, 2012 (Sahityo Akademi) 5. Basudeb Jalan Aman, (Asom Sahityo Sobha) 6. Assam Shresta (Sikshya), (The Telegraph, LIC) 7. Anundoram Barooah Awards (ABILAC) 8. Ph.D Yammin (KKH Open University) Dírbí léga:pé gernam ager: Tabu Ram Taídbí poyirné, migom ager gerjo:né, adné taniyo:komangai, bímopuna:sin. Bík monam tatponé ni:tomém réngamé airu:pé aipé mé:dungai. Bí Guwahati Rediyo sentarlokké Mising anu ni:tomém mopongka. Ohom migomlok dírbí pe:le:dokké la:lennam 'Long Playing Record'lo bí Rita Debi Medokmé mojonsula 'Asi Jili Jiliko' ni:tomdém moka. Torun Sondro Pa:mega:mké adnam Mising Agom Kéba:dok Lé:tom tomsa:nané ni:tomdok torídé Tabu Ram Taídké binamé. Dr. Bhupen Hajorikaké molennam Teli: pilim 'Miri Jiyori'dok agom-gomyarkídí:dém Tabu Ram Taídbí adlen bika. Atí atí: Tabu Ram Taídbí porinélok légangé Rediyongki Inglishém poyirdungai. Bí Rediyo:lo Mising agomémsin poyirka. Gombíg kama:né agomkídí:dok gombíg légangé bí aipé aré kané agomém lubodungai. Sinam: Aso: aso:pé Tabu Ram Taídké ékéré aima:pé lyangkang. 2019 dítagdok 17 Agosto longédo bíGuwahati:lok Apolo Hospitaldo 77 dítakko turra dungge:la amigém migjémkang. Bíkké amírdém mimong migomé migom moírkampé ménggésula mosí:la Gugamukhdok Abutani lottado mésíngka. == Aman Pa:nam == # Agom Migang 2007 - Mising Agom Kébangé binam bottéya:pagné Gomlab Aman # Basudeb Jalan Bota # Ohom Migomlok Gomlab Penson # Sukapha Bota 2011 - Ohom Migomé binam aman # Obonori Dogné 2012 - Obonori Ghunasuti réngamé binam aman == Ka:yi:sunam == [[Category:Wp/mrg]] <references />{{INTERWIKI|Q7673594}} [[Category:Wp/mrg/Mising tani]] owj80tapg3tgxaym5tdla3iuysawhma 7255680 7255678 2026-07-19T13:42:33Z Tatoyayo 2686294 /* Réngam Ager */ 7255680 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrg/Infobox person |Ager=Agom-mibu, |image=Tabu Taid.jpg |birthname=Tabu Ram Taíd |death_place=Guahati |nationality=Bharotiyo |birth_place=Ayéngiya, Gunasuti, Lokimpur |birth_date=1942, 1 August |name=Tabu Ram Taíd |death_date=2019, 17 August }} '''Tabu Ram Taíd''' ([[Wp/mrg/Ingraji|Ingraji]]: Tabu Ram Taid)bí airu:pé kinjub-kinlabné tani:ko. Bí airu:pé tébégdopé gomlabém addagai. Bík adnamkídí:do airu:pé o:rí:pé lukéngé kadungai. Bí [[Wp/mrg/Mising agom|Mising agomém]] írga:monam léga:pé bojérungko agerém gerra gíkang. Bí Mising agom légango:lok agerém germangai, Mising dírbí légangésin bojérungko agerém gertag. Mising ni:tom (oi-ni:tom odokké anu ni:tom) so:nam atíkídí:dok írga:nam léga:pésin mé:bomsudopé agerém gertag. Édé Mising dírbídém ami tani: lottalo:pésin boma:la mo:píso pu:po jarpomonam agerém gertag.<ref>{{Wp/mrg/Cite web|url=https://www.sentinelassam.com/north-east-india-news/assam-news/assam-statue-of-noted-educationist-tabu-ram-taid-unveiled-673585|publication-date=02 Nov 2023|title=Assam: Statue of noted educationist Tabu Ram Taid unveiled}}</ref> Mising agom, [[Wp/mrg/Mising Gomlab|Mising Gomlab]]ém mirémbonam léga:pé ager gerga:lok bím [[Wp/mrg/Mising Agom Kébang|Mising Agom Kébang]]é [[Wp/mrg/Agom Migang|Agom Migang]] yamminki toyumtag.<ref>https://abilac.org/former-director/</ref> == Ponam Ager == Aíké do:lu:do du:né Tamonsuk Pobug pokodo Tabu Ram Taídbí dítag 1946-50 do pobug ponamém porika. Dítag 1951 dokké bi porika Uttor Lokhimpur Gobt. Hai Iskuldo. 1958 dítagdo bí metrig ankangém bila akoné dibijoném pa:la pa:ska. Metrigdém aipé aidopé pokurnam lédupé bí bottapé porinam légangé Kolkatalok Norendropurlo du:né Ram Krishno Mison Ashrom lokké dítag1960 do I.Sc. dém aipé aidopé pokurka. Kolkata Inibarsiti:lokké bí dítag 1963 do B.A. ponamdém Inglishlok Onars la:la aidopé pokurka. dítag 1966 do bí Delhi Inibarsiti:lokké M.A.dém pokurka. M.A.dém pokurnam lédupé migom ager gertu:la Tabu Ram Taídbí 'Applied Linguistic'lok Post Graduate Diplomangém Reading Uni-versity, Londonlokké dítag 1973-74 do langka. University of London lokké ditag 1982 do 'Certificate course in Distance bila aidogom kinam kanam ékérém lugé: la migomé bím UPSC Teaching' ponamém poka, dítag 1970 do bí UPSC ankangém agerro tolig tomang. == Réngam Ager == Tabu Ram Taídbí porila du:dodokkébo do:lung réngam agerém aipé mé:nékai. Aíké do:lu:dok sí:jon ajon lédulo gímínna bí so:man mankolo Oi-ni:tom moyangai. Lédupé mo:té: mo:té:pé porila du:pénampé ila bí aíké réngam légangé agerém gerra:ma:pé ikang. Émdogom bí aíké réngam agomém gomsarpé adla réngamém lusí:namémpé idungai. Ponamém pongabnam lédupé Koton Kolejdo poyirné agerém gerdodokké bíréngam agerémsin gerropkaku. 1968 dítagdo Mising agom, gomlab la: réngamém mosí:nam agomém ru:bosula Guwahati:do migom ager gerra du:né la: porila du:né Mising réngamém jonsula 'Guwahati Mising Kébang'ém ba:lenboka. Édé kéba:dok bí du:pongarné kébang abupé ika. Porila, Ph.D. ila du:né Nahendro Pa:dunmé nébí: pé tolíkka. === Poyirnam ager gernam === Tabu Ram Taídbi ditag 1963 do B.A. pokurnam lédupé Ghilamora Hai Iskuldo poyirnépé agerém gerka. Dítag 1966 do M.A. dém pokur ge:la North Benk Kolej, Dhemaji Kolejlo bí porainam agerém gerka. Dhokuakhana Kolejdo la:lenboné Prinsipal pé ige:la dítag 1967 dokké bí Guwahati:lok du:né Koton Kolejdo Inglish pe:le:dok Porphisarpé agerém gerka. Migom ager gernam: APSC ankangé dítag 1981 do aila Koton Kolejdok poyirnamém mépagla Tabu Ram Taídbí Ohom Kin-go pe:le:lok Ru:tum ame: (DDPI)pé agerém gerka dítag 1981 dokké dítag 1984 do:pé. Dítag 1984 dokké dítag 1989 do:pé bí Kamrup Mo:dumdok Iskulkídí:lok ka:sí:népé agerém gerka. Odok lédupé bíkké ager gernamém ka:líg mé:líg sula migomé ba:nyi baumpé kínggí:né agerém gerbomdopé tolíkka. Dítag 1990 dokké dítag 2000 do:pé bí Higher Education lok Ru:tum, SEBA, SCERTlok Ru:tum odokké dítag 1989 do Anundoram Barooah Institute of Language, Arts and Culture (ABILAC)dok la:lenboné Ru:tumpé ika. Dítag 1997 dokké dítag 2004 do:pé bi State Selection Boarddok Ru:tumpésin du:la agerém naréngo:pé gerka. Tabu Ram Taídbí okoloi agerém geryéji, oddoi apping ager gernaméi naré: pésé:la aipé aidungai. Odok légangé Kin-go pe:le:dém ka:sí: dopé migomé bím ménggésula agerém tolígdungai. Édé agerkídí:dok ara:do-Assam State Education Commissiondok ager ajon, National Book Trustdok ager ajon, North-Eastern Oral Literature Centre dok ager ajon, Sahitya Akademi dok ager ajon, Academic Councildok ager ajon, Assam University, Gauhati University, Dibrugarh University lok ager ajonpé du:nam kídí: dém lukan bila:dag. Mising Agom Kéba:dok Kébang Abu : 1972 dítagdo Mising Agom Kébangém Sibsagor mo:dumdok Disangmukhdo ba:lenka. Anupé ba:lennam kéba:dok Abupé Tabu Ram Taídmé, Nébí:pé Nahendro Pa:dunmé tolíkka. 1972 dítagdokké 1980 dítagdo:pé bí Mising Agom Kéba: dok kébang abupé ila agerém gerka Midang: Ghilamoralok Seniram Sayengiya:ké omé Basonti Sayengiya:mé 1967 dítagdo Tabu Ram Taídbílangka. Bínyikké ommang kídí:dé- Miranda la: Milindo bínyi. . == Potin La:lennam == === Mising Potin === # Mising Gompir Kumsung # Mising Gomlam Potin == Gomlab Ager == Potin la:lennam ager: Tabu Ram Taídbí aré kané potiném bojéko adlenka. Édé potinkídí: dé- 1. Miro Migolo (tíkum), 1956 2. Mising Agom Adyir, 1971 3. Poman-Moman, 1984 4. Mising Bhashar Banan-Poddhoti, 1983 5. Bani Kanta Kakati - The Man and his works. 1988 (comp. Dr. Ranjit Dev Goswami) 6. A Dictionary of the Mising Language, 1995 7. Ya:yok Do:ying (tíkum), 2005 8. Ekuki Nibondho, 2007 9. Glimpses, 2007 10. Mising Gompir Kumsung, 2010 (nébíng) 11. Mising Gomlam Potin (I), 2015 12. English for Schools - English Grammar and composition 13. Mising Folk-Tales, 2013 (ed.) 14. An Introduction to Mising Phonology and Grammar, 2016 15. The Scheduled Tribes of Assam, 2017 16. Mising Gomlam-Potin, 2017.- Toyumnamé la: Aman binam: Aré kané ager gernamém appíngéi ménggésudag, mé:tinsudag odokké toligdag. Tabu Ram Taídbí turra du:dodém mimong kin-go légangé, mo:rum kin-go légangé odokké aíké ope:, réngam kin-go légangé naré: pé bojéko agerém gerka. bíkké édémpé ager gernamém ka:líg sula migom lokké, angu angu kébang, ope:lokké bím toyumna yamminém, amaném bika. Odok buluk ara:do- 1. Agom Migang, 2007 (Mising Agom Kébang) 2. Sukapha Aman, 2011 (Ohom migomlokké) 3. Obonori Aín, 2012 (Ghunahuti mo:tagdokké) 4. Bhasha Sonman, 2012 (Sahityo Akademi) 5. Basudeb Jalan Aman, (Asom Sahityo Sobha) 6. Assam Shresta (Sikshya), (The Telegraph, LIC) 7. Anundoram Barooah Awards (ABILAC) 8. Ph.D Yammin (KKH Open University) Dírbí léga:pé gernam ager: Tabu Ram Taídbí poyirné, migom ager gerjo:né, adné taniyo:komangai, bímopuna:sin. Bík monam tatponé ni:tomém réngamé airu:pé aipé mé:dungai. Bí Guwahati Rediyo sentarlokké Mising anu ni:tomém mopongka. Ohom migomlok dírbí pe:le:dokké la:lennam 'Long Playing Record'lo bí Rita Debi Medokmé mojonsula 'Asi Jili Jiliko' ni:tomdém moka. Torun Sondro Pa:mega:mké adnam Mising Agom Kéba:dok Lé:tom tomsa:nané ni:tomdok torídé Tabu Ram Taídké binamé. Dr. Bhupen Hajorikaké molennam Teli: pilim 'Miri Jiyori'dok agom-gomyarkídí:dém Tabu Ram Taídbí adlen bika. Atí atí: Tabu Ram Taídbí porinélok légangé Rediyongki Inglishém poyirdungai. Bí Rediyo:lo Mising agomémsin poyirka. Gombíg kama:né agomkídí:dok gombíg légangé bí aipé aré kané agomém lubodungai. Sinam: Aso: aso:pé Tabu Ram Taídké ékéré aima:pé lyangkang. 2019 dítagdok 17 Agosto longédo bíGuwahati:lok Apolo Hospitaldo 77 dítakko turra dungge:la amigém migjémkang. Bíkké amírdém mimong migomé migom moírkampé ménggésula mosí:la Gugamukhdok Abutani lottado mésíngka. == Aman Pa:nam == # Agom Migang 2007 - Mising Agom Kébangé binam bottéya:pagné Gomlab Aman # Basudeb Jalan Bota # Ohom Migomlok Gomlab Penson # Sukapha Bota 2011 - Ohom Migomé binam aman # Obonori Dogné 2012 - Obonori Ghunasuti réngamé binam aman == Ka:yi:sunam == [[Category:Wp/mrg]] <references />{{INTERWIKI|Q7673594}} [[Category:Wp/mrg/Mising tani]] rzlgd13srgwrendf2gbpab40zmo6azp 7255681 7255680 2026-07-19T13:43:42Z Tatoyayo 2686294 /* Réngam Ager */ 7255681 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrg/Infobox person |Ager=Agom-mibu, |image=Tabu Taid.jpg |birthname=Tabu Ram Taíd |death_place=Guahati |nationality=Bharotiyo |birth_place=Ayéngiya, Gunasuti, Lokimpur |birth_date=1942, 1 August |name=Tabu Ram Taíd |death_date=2019, 17 August }} '''Tabu Ram Taíd''' ([[Wp/mrg/Ingraji|Ingraji]]: Tabu Ram Taid)bí airu:pé kinjub-kinlabné tani:ko. Bí airu:pé tébégdopé gomlabém addagai. Bík adnamkídí:do airu:pé o:rí:pé lukéngé kadungai. Bí [[Wp/mrg/Mising agom|Mising agomém]] írga:monam léga:pé bojérungko agerém gerra gíkang. Bí Mising agom légango:lok agerém germangai, Mising dírbí légangésin bojérungko agerém gertag. Mising ni:tom (oi-ni:tom odokké anu ni:tom) so:nam atíkídí:dok írga:nam léga:pésin mé:bomsudopé agerém gertag. Édé Mising dírbídém ami tani: lottalo:pésin boma:la mo:píso pu:po jarpomonam agerém gertag.<ref>{{Wp/mrg/Cite web|url=https://www.sentinelassam.com/north-east-india-news/assam-news/assam-statue-of-noted-educationist-tabu-ram-taid-unveiled-673585|publication-date=02 Nov 2023|title=Assam: Statue of noted educationist Tabu Ram Taid unveiled}}</ref> Mising agom, [[Wp/mrg/Mising Gomlab|Mising Gomlab]]ém mirémbonam léga:pé ager gerga:lok bím [[Wp/mrg/Mising Agom Kébang|Mising Agom Kébang]]é [[Wp/mrg/Agom Migang|Agom Migang]] yamminki toyumtag.<ref>https://abilac.org/former-director/</ref> == Ponam Ager == Aíké do:lu:do du:né Tamonsuk Pobug pokodo Tabu Ram Taídbí dítag 1946-50 do pobug ponamém porika. Dítag 1951 dokké bi porika Uttor Lokhimpur Gobt. Hai Iskuldo. 1958 dítagdo bí metrig ankangém bila akoné dibijoném pa:la pa:ska. Metrigdém aipé aidopé pokurnam lédupé bí bottapé porinam légangé Kolkatalok Norendropurlo du:né Ram Krishno Mison Ashrom lokké dítag1960 do I.Sc. dém aipé aidopé pokurka. Kolkata Inibarsiti:lokké bí dítag 1963 do B.A. ponamdém Inglishlok Onars la:la aidopé pokurka. dítag 1966 do bí Delhi Inibarsiti:lokké M.A.dém pokurka. M.A.dém pokurnam lédupé migom ager gertu:la Tabu Ram Taídbí 'Applied Linguistic'lok Post Graduate Diplomangém Reading Uni-versity, Londonlokké dítag 1973-74 do langka. University of London lokké ditag 1982 do 'Certificate course in Distance bila aidogom kinam kanam ékérém lugé: la migomé bím UPSC Teaching' ponamém poka, dítag 1970 do bí UPSC ankangém agerro tolig tomang. == Réngam Ager == Tabu Ram Taídbí porila du:dodokkébo do:lung réngam agerém aipé mé:nékai. Aíké do:lu:dok sí:jon ajon lédulo gímínna bí so:man mankolo Oi-ni:tom moyangai. Lédupé mo:té: mo:té:pé porila du:pénampé ila bí aíké réngam légangé agerém gerra:ma:pé ikang. Émdogom bí aíké réngam agomém gomsarpé adla réngamém lusí:namémpé idungai. Ponamém pongabnam lédupé Koton Kolejdo poyirné agerém gerdodokké bíréngam agerémsin gerropkaku. 1968 dítagdo Mising agom, gomlab la: réngamém mosí:nam agomém ru:bosula Guwahati:do migom ager gerra du:né la: porila du:né Mising réngamém jonsula 'Guwahati Mising Kébang'ém ba:lenboka. Édé kéba:dok bí du:pongarné kébang abupé ika. Porila, Ph.D. ila du:né Nahendro Pa:dunmé nébí: pé tolíkka. === Poyirnam ager gernam === Tabu Ram Taídbi ditag 1963 do B.A. pokurnam lédupé Ghilamora Hai Iskuldo poyirnépé agerém gerka. Dítag 1966 do M.A. dém pokur ge:la North Benk Kolej, Dhemaji Kolejlo bí porainam agerém gerka. Dhokuakhana Kolejdo la:lenboné Prinsipal pé ige:la dítag 1967 dokké bí Guwahati:lok du:né Koton Kolejdo Inglish pe:le:dok Porphisarpé agerém gerka. Migom ager gernam: APSC ankangé dítag 1981 do aila Koton Kolejdok poyirnamém mépagla Tabu Ram Taídbí Ohom Kin-go pe:le:lok Ru:tum ame: (DDPI)pé agerém gerka dítag 1981 dokké dítag 1984 do:pé. Dítag 1984 dokké dítag 1989 do:pé bí Kamrup Mo:dumdok Iskulkídí:lok ka:sí:népé agerém gerka. Odok lédupé bíkké ager gernamém ka:líg mé:líg sula migomé ba:nyi baumpé kínggí:né agerém gerbomdopé tolíkka. Dítag 1990 dokké dítag 2000 do:pé bí Higher Education lok Ru:tum, SEBA, SCERTlok Ru:tum odokké dítag 1989 do Anundoram Barooah Institute of Language, Arts and Culture (ABILAC)dok la:lenboné Ru:tumpé ika. Dítag 1997 dokké dítag 2004 do:pé bi State Selection Boarddok Ru:tumpésin du:la agerém naréngo:pé gerka. Tabu Ram Taídbí okoloi agerém geryéji, oddoi apping ager gernaméi naré: pésé:la aipé aidungai. Odok légangé Kin-go pe:le:dém ka:sí: dopé migomé bím ménggésula agerém tolígdungai. Édé agerkídí:dok ara:do-Assam State Education Commissiondok ager ajon, National Book Trustdok ager ajon, North-Eastern Oral Literature Centre dok ager ajon, Sahitya Akademi dok ager ajon, Academic Councildok ager ajon, Assam University, Gauhati University, Dibrugarh University lok ager ajonpé du:nam kídí: dém lukan bila:dag. === Mising Agom Kéba:dok Kébang Abu === 1972 dítagdo Mising Agom Kébangém Sibsagor mo:dumdok Disangmukhdo ba:lenka. Anupé ba:lennam kéba:dok Abupé Tabu Ram Taídmé, Nébí:pé Nahendro Pa:dunmé tolíkka. 1972 dítagdokké 1980 dítagdo:pé bí Mising Agom Kéba: dok kébang abupé ila agerém gerka Midang: Ghilamoralok Seniram Sayengiya:ké omé Basonti Sayengiya:mé 1967 dítagdo Tabu Ram Taídbílangka. Bínyikké ommang kídí:dé- Miranda la: Milindo bínyi. . == Potin La:lennam == === Mising Potin === # Mising Gompir Kumsung # Mising Gomlam Potin == Gomlab Ager == Potin la:lennam ager: Tabu Ram Taídbí aré kané potiném bojéko adlenka. Édé potinkídí: dé- 1. Miro Migolo (tíkum), 1956 2. Mising Agom Adyir, 1971 3. Poman-Moman, 1984 4. Mising Bhashar Banan-Poddhoti, 1983 5. Bani Kanta Kakati - The Man and his works. 1988 (comp. Dr. Ranjit Dev Goswami) 6. A Dictionary of the Mising Language, 1995 7. Ya:yok Do:ying (tíkum), 2005 8. Ekuki Nibondho, 2007 9. Glimpses, 2007 10. Mising Gompir Kumsung, 2010 (nébíng) 11. Mising Gomlam Potin (I), 2015 12. English for Schools - English Grammar and composition 13. Mising Folk-Tales, 2013 (ed.) 14. An Introduction to Mising Phonology and Grammar, 2016 15. The Scheduled Tribes of Assam, 2017 16. Mising Gomlam-Potin, 2017.- Toyumnamé la: Aman binam: Aré kané ager gernamém appíngéi ménggésudag, mé:tinsudag odokké toligdag. Tabu Ram Taídbí turra du:dodém mimong kin-go légangé, mo:rum kin-go légangé odokké aíké ope:, réngam kin-go légangé naré: pé bojéko agerém gerka. bíkké édémpé ager gernamém ka:líg sula migom lokké, angu angu kébang, ope:lokké bím toyumna yamminém, amaném bika. Odok buluk ara:do- 1. Agom Migang, 2007 (Mising Agom Kébang) 2. Sukapha Aman, 2011 (Ohom migomlokké) 3. Obonori Aín, 2012 (Ghunahuti mo:tagdokké) 4. Bhasha Sonman, 2012 (Sahityo Akademi) 5. Basudeb Jalan Aman, (Asom Sahityo Sobha) 6. Assam Shresta (Sikshya), (The Telegraph, LIC) 7. Anundoram Barooah Awards (ABILAC) 8. Ph.D Yammin (KKH Open University) Dírbí léga:pé gernam ager: Tabu Ram Taídbí poyirné, migom ager gerjo:né, adné taniyo:komangai, bímopuna:sin. Bík monam tatponé ni:tomém réngamé airu:pé aipé mé:dungai. Bí Guwahati Rediyo sentarlokké Mising anu ni:tomém mopongka. Ohom migomlok dírbí pe:le:dokké la:lennam 'Long Playing Record'lo bí Rita Debi Medokmé mojonsula 'Asi Jili Jiliko' ni:tomdém moka. Torun Sondro Pa:mega:mké adnam Mising Agom Kéba:dok Lé:tom tomsa:nané ni:tomdok torídé Tabu Ram Taídké binamé. Dr. Bhupen Hajorikaké molennam Teli: pilim 'Miri Jiyori'dok agom-gomyarkídí:dém Tabu Ram Taídbí adlen bika. Atí atí: Tabu Ram Taídbí porinélok légangé Rediyongki Inglishém poyirdungai. Bí Rediyo:lo Mising agomémsin poyirka. Gombíg kama:né agomkídí:dok gombíg légangé bí aipé aré kané agomém lubodungai. Sinam: Aso: aso:pé Tabu Ram Taídké ékéré aima:pé lyangkang. 2019 dítagdok 17 Agosto longédo bíGuwahati:lok Apolo Hospitaldo 77 dítakko turra dungge:la amigém migjémkang. Bíkké amírdém mimong migomé migom moírkampé ménggésula mosí:la Gugamukhdok Abutani lottado mésíngka. == Aman Pa:nam == # Agom Migang 2007 - Mising Agom Kébangé binam bottéya:pagné Gomlab Aman # Basudeb Jalan Bota # Ohom Migomlok Gomlab Penson # Sukapha Bota 2011 - Ohom Migomé binam aman # Obonori Dogné 2012 - Obonori Ghunasuti réngamé binam aman == Ka:yi:sunam == [[Category:Wp/mrg]] <references />{{INTERWIKI|Q7673594}} [[Category:Wp/mrg/Mising tani]] iay9k792dtoz39qv77elv16viv8hy05 7255682 7255681 2026-07-19T13:44:45Z Tatoyayo 2686294 /* Réngam Ager */ 7255682 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/mrg/Infobox person |Ager=Agom-mibu, |image=Tabu Taid.jpg |birthname=Tabu Ram Taíd |death_place=Guahati |nationality=Bharotiyo |birth_place=Ayéngiya, Gunasuti, Lokimpur |birth_date=1942, 1 August |name=Tabu Ram Taíd |death_date=2019, 17 August }} '''Tabu Ram Taíd''' ([[Wp/mrg/Ingraji|Ingraji]]: Tabu Ram Taid)bí airu:pé kinjub-kinlabné tani:ko. Bí airu:pé tébégdopé gomlabém addagai. Bík adnamkídí:do airu:pé o:rí:pé lukéngé kadungai. Bí [[Wp/mrg/Mising agom|Mising agomém]] írga:monam léga:pé bojérungko agerém gerra gíkang. Bí Mising agom légango:lok agerém germangai, Mising dírbí légangésin bojérungko agerém gertag. Mising ni:tom (oi-ni:tom odokké anu ni:tom) so:nam atíkídí:dok írga:nam léga:pésin mé:bomsudopé agerém gertag. Édé Mising dírbídém ami tani: lottalo:pésin boma:la mo:píso pu:po jarpomonam agerém gertag.<ref>{{Wp/mrg/Cite web|url=https://www.sentinelassam.com/north-east-india-news/assam-news/assam-statue-of-noted-educationist-tabu-ram-taid-unveiled-673585|publication-date=02 Nov 2023|title=Assam: Statue of noted educationist Tabu Ram Taid unveiled}}</ref> Mising agom, [[Wp/mrg/Mising Gomlab|Mising Gomlab]]ém mirémbonam léga:pé ager gerga:lok bím [[Wp/mrg/Mising Agom Kébang|Mising Agom Kébang]]é [[Wp/mrg/Agom Migang|Agom Migang]] yamminki toyumtag.<ref>https://abilac.org/former-director/</ref> == Ponam Ager == Aíké do:lu:do du:né Tamonsuk Pobug pokodo Tabu Ram Taídbí dítag 1946-50 do pobug ponamém porika. Dítag 1951 dokké bi porika Uttor Lokhimpur Gobt. Hai Iskuldo. 1958 dítagdo bí metrig ankangém bila akoné dibijoném pa:la pa:ska. Metrigdém aipé aidopé pokurnam lédupé bí bottapé porinam légangé Kolkatalok Norendropurlo du:né Ram Krishno Mison Ashrom lokké dítag1960 do I.Sc. dém aipé aidopé pokurka. Kolkata Inibarsiti:lokké bí dítag 1963 do B.A. ponamdém Inglishlok Onars la:la aidopé pokurka. dítag 1966 do bí Delhi Inibarsiti:lokké M.A.dém pokurka. M.A.dém pokurnam lédupé migom ager gertu:la Tabu Ram Taídbí 'Applied Linguistic'lok Post Graduate Diplomangém Reading Uni-versity, Londonlokké dítag 1973-74 do langka. University of London lokké ditag 1982 do 'Certificate course in Distance bila aidogom kinam kanam ékérém lugé: la migomé bím UPSC Teaching' ponamém poka, dítag 1970 do bí UPSC ankangém agerro tolig tomang. == Réngam Ager == Tabu Ram Taídbí porila du:dodokkébo do:lung réngam agerém aipé mé:nékai. Aíké do:lu:dok sí:jon ajon lédulo gímínna bí so:man mankolo Oi-ni:tom moyangai. Lédupé mo:té: mo:té:pé porila du:pénampé ila bí aíké réngam légangé agerém gerra:ma:pé ikang. Émdogom bí aíké réngam agomém gomsarpé adla réngamém lusí:namémpé idungai. Ponamém pongabnam lédupé Koton Kolejdo poyirné agerém gerdodokké bíréngam agerémsin gerropkaku. 1968 dítagdo Mising agom, gomlab la: réngamém mosí:nam agomém ru:bosula Guwahati:do migom ager gerra du:né la: porila du:né Mising réngamém jonsula 'Guwahati Mising Kébang'ém ba:lenboka. Édé kéba:dok bí du:pongarné kébang abupé ika. Porila, Ph.D. ila du:né Nahendro Pa:dunmé nébí: pé tolíkka. === Poyirnam ager gernam === Tabu Ram Taídbi ditag 1963 do B.A. pokurnam lédupé Ghilamora Hai Iskuldo poyirnépé agerém gerka. Dítag 1966 do M.A. dém pokur ge:la North Benk Kolej, Dhemaji Kolejlo bí porainam agerém gerka. Dhokuakhana Kolejdo la:lenboné Prinsipal pé ige:la dítag 1967 dokké bí Guwahati:lok du:né Koton Kolejdo Inglish pe:le:dok Porphisarpé agerém gerka. Migom ager gernam: APSC ankangé dítag 1981 do aila Koton Kolejdok poyirnamém mépagla Tabu Ram Taídbí Ohom Kin-go pe:le:lok Ru:tum ame: (DDPI)pé agerém gerka dítag 1981 dokké dítag 1984 do:pé. Dítag 1984 dokké dítag 1989 do:pé bí Kamrup Mo:dumdok Iskulkídí:lok ka:sí:népé agerém gerka. Odok lédupé bíkké ager gernamém ka:líg mé:líg sula migomé ba:nyi baumpé kínggí:né agerém gerbomdopé tolíkka. Dítag 1990 dokké dítag 2000 do:pé bí Higher Education lok Ru:tum, SEBA, SCERTlok Ru:tum odokké dítag 1989 do Anundoram Barooah Institute of Language, Arts and Culture (ABILAC)dok la:lenboné Ru:tumpé ika. Dítag 1997 dokké dítag 2004 do:pé bi State Selection Boarddok Ru:tumpésin du:la agerém naréngo:pé gerka. Tabu Ram Taídbí okoloi agerém geryéji, oddoi apping ager gernaméi naré: pésé:la aipé aidungai. Odok légangé Kin-go pe:le:dém ka:sí: dopé migomé bím ménggésula agerém tolígdungai. Édé agerkídí:dok ara:do-Assam State Education Commissiondok ager ajon, National Book Trustdok ager ajon, North-Eastern Oral Literature Centre dok ager ajon, Sahitya Akademi dok ager ajon, Academic Councildok ager ajon, Assam University, Gauhati University, Dibrugarh University lok ager ajonpé du:nam kídí: dém lukan bila:dag. === Mising Agom Kéba:dok Kébang Abu === 1972 dítagdo Mising Agom Kébangém Sibsagor mo:dumdok Disangmukhdo ba:lenka. Anupé ba:lennam kéba:dok Abupé Tabu Ram Taídmé, Nébí:pé Nahendro Pa:dunmé tolíkka. 1972 dítagdokké 1980 dítagdo:pé bí Mising Agom Kéba: dok kébang abupé ila agerém gerka === Midang === Ghilamoralok Seniram Sayengiya:ké omé Basonti Sayengiya:mé 1967 dítagdo Tabu Ram Taídbílangka. Bínyikké ommang kídí:dé- Miranda la: Milindo bínyi. . == Potin La:lennam == === Mising Potin === # Mising Gompir Kumsung # Mising Gomlam Potin == Gomlab Ager == Potin la:lennam ager: Tabu Ram Taídbí aré kané potiném bojéko adlenka. Édé potinkídí: dé- 1. Miro Migolo (tíkum), 1956 2. Mising Agom Adyir, 1971 3. Poman-Moman, 1984 4. Mising Bhashar Banan-Poddhoti, 1983 5. Bani Kanta Kakati - The Man and his works. 1988 (comp. Dr. Ranjit Dev Goswami) 6. A Dictionary of the Mising Language, 1995 7. Ya:yok Do:ying (tíkum), 2005 8. Ekuki Nibondho, 2007 9. Glimpses, 2007 10. Mising Gompir Kumsung, 2010 (nébíng) 11. Mising Gomlam Potin (I), 2015 12. English for Schools - English Grammar and composition 13. Mising Folk-Tales, 2013 (ed.) 14. An Introduction to Mising Phonology and Grammar, 2016 15. The Scheduled Tribes of Assam, 2017 16. Mising Gomlam-Potin, 2017.- Toyumnamé la: Aman binam: Aré kané ager gernamém appíngéi ménggésudag, mé:tinsudag odokké toligdag. Tabu Ram Taídbí turra du:dodém mimong kin-go légangé, mo:rum kin-go légangé odokké aíké ope:, réngam kin-go légangé naré: pé bojéko agerém gerka. bíkké édémpé ager gernamém ka:líg sula migom lokké, angu angu kébang, ope:lokké bím toyumna yamminém, amaném bika. Odok buluk ara:do- 1. Agom Migang, 2007 (Mising Agom Kébang) 2. Sukapha Aman, 2011 (Ohom migomlokké) 3. Obonori Aín, 2012 (Ghunahuti mo:tagdokké) 4. Bhasha Sonman, 2012 (Sahityo Akademi) 5. Basudeb Jalan Aman, (Asom Sahityo Sobha) 6. Assam Shresta (Sikshya), (The Telegraph, LIC) 7. Anundoram Barooah Awards (ABILAC) 8. Ph.D Yammin (KKH Open University) Dírbí léga:pé gernam ager: Tabu Ram Taídbí poyirné, migom ager gerjo:né, adné taniyo:komangai, bímopuna:sin. Bík monam tatponé ni:tomém réngamé airu:pé aipé mé:dungai. Bí Guwahati Rediyo sentarlokké Mising anu ni:tomém mopongka. Ohom migomlok dírbí pe:le:dokké la:lennam 'Long Playing Record'lo bí Rita Debi Medokmé mojonsula 'Asi Jili Jiliko' ni:tomdém moka. Torun Sondro Pa:mega:mké adnam Mising Agom Kéba:dok Lé:tom tomsa:nané ni:tomdok torídé Tabu Ram Taídké binamé. Dr. Bhupen Hajorikaké molennam Teli: pilim 'Miri Jiyori'dok agom-gomyarkídí:dém Tabu Ram Taídbí adlen bika. Atí atí: Tabu Ram Taídbí porinélok légangé Rediyongki Inglishém poyirdungai. Bí Rediyo:lo Mising agomémsin poyirka. Gombíg kama:né agomkídí:dok gombíg légangé bí aipé aré kané agomém lubodungai. Sinam: Aso: aso:pé Tabu Ram Taídké ékéré aima:pé lyangkang. 2019 dítagdok 17 Agosto longédo bíGuwahati:lok Apolo Hospitaldo 77 dítakko turra dungge:la amigém migjémkang. Bíkké amírdém mimong migomé migom moírkampé ménggésula mosí:la Gugamukhdok Abutani lottado mésíngka. == Aman Pa:nam == # Agom Migang 2007 - Mising Agom Kébangé binam bottéya:pagné Gomlab Aman # Basudeb Jalan Bota # Ohom Migomlok Gomlab Penson # Sukapha Bota 2011 - Ohom Migomé binam aman # Obonori Dogné 2012 - Obonori Ghunasuti réngamé binam aman == Ka:yi:sunam == [[Category:Wp/mrg]] <references />{{INTERWIKI|Q7673594}} [[Category:Wp/mrg/Mising tani]] f6qyk3f2dsz42dh2x74w8wh1tlyio8j 0 3777454 7256282 7204187 2026-07-20T08:59:40Z NATURINDA FORTUNATE 2623054 grammatical corrections 7256282 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bishop Stuart University''' (BSU) n'eitendekyero ry'abantu buntu, eritarikukora magoba, eririmu emyanya mingi omuri [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. == Location == BSU eine itendekyero ryayo erikuru, eririkwingana hekita 48 (hiika 120), aha Rushozi Kakoba, aha ruguuto Buremba, haihi kiromita 5.5 (mail 3) omu burugwa izooba bw'orurembo Mbarara. Obubonero bwa kampusi enkuru eya Yunivasite ni 0°36'10.0"S, 30°41'44.0"E (Latitude:-0.602778, Longitude:30.695556). Kampusi eya kabiri eri aha Rushozi rwa Ruharo, nayo eri omu Mbarara Metropolitan Area. == Ebyafaayo == BSU ekeetwa amaziina ga Cyril Stuart owaabaire ari Bishopu w'Abangirikaani omuri Uganda ahagati y'ekyasha kya 20. BSU ekatandika emirimo yaayo omuri 2003 aha itendekyero eryabaire ririmu Kakoba National Teacher's College (KNTC) omuri burengye bw'eizooba rya Uganda omu rurembo Mbarara. KNTC ekarekyera aho emirimo yaayo aha muheru gwa 2005, kandi omuri 2006, BSU ekatwara emyanya n'ebibangirizi ebyabaire birimu KNTC.Abegi ab'okubanza kujwara diguri aha baruha za BSU bakaba bari abeegi abamazire diguri omuri 2009.[10] Aha biro 10 Okwa ikumi omuri 2014, aha mukoro gw'okujwara diguri ogw'omurundi gwa 10, Minisita w'Eby'obwegyese Jessica Alupo akarangirira ngu BSU ekaba eikiriziibwe ekitongore kya Uganda National Council for Higher Education kutunga ebaruha erikwikiriza yunivasite.[11] Ebaruha egi ekaba eikiriziibwe kandi yaheebwa yunivasite aha muheru gw'Okwaikumi omuri 2014. == Enshonga z'eby'obwegyese == Okuruga Okwaikumi na kubiri 2020, BSU ekaba eine amatendekyero n’ebitongore ebi: == Eishomero ry'eby'obuhingi, eby'obuhangwa hamwe na tekinorogye == Ekitongore ky'eby'obuhingi n'oburiisa. == Eishomero ry'eby'obushubuzi, eby'entatsya & eby'obutegyeki. == * Ekitongore ky'Emirimo y'Abantu n'Okubeebembera. * Ekitongore ky'eby'obushubuzi. * Ekitongore ky'Okushwijuma Okutunguuka. * Ekitongore ky'okushwijuma eby'obuhangwa bw'ensi. Ekitongore ky'eby'entatsya n'okureeberera. == Eishomero ry'eby'obwegyese, eby'emikono & Eby'empurizagana. == * Ekitongore ky'obwegyese obw'omusingye. * Ekitongore ky'obuntu. * Ekitongore ky'endimi. Ekitongore ky'eby'obwegyese bwa sayansi. == Eishomero ry'ebiragiro. == Ekitongore ky'ebiragiro. pppjlv9og7xp6iqa90o3ekfkjx4zh5s 7256283 7256282 2026-07-20T09:00:19Z NATURINDA FORTUNATE 2623054 Grammatical corrections 7256283 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bishop Stuart University''' (BSU) n'eitendekyero ry'abantu buntu, eritarikukora magoba, eririmu emyanya mingi omuri [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. == Location == BSU eine itendekyero ryayo erikuru, eririkwingana hekita 48 (hiika 120), aha Rushozi Kakoba, aha ruguuto Buremba, haihi kiromita 5.5 (mail 3) omu burugwa izooba bw'orurembo Mbarara. Obubonero bwa kampusi enkuru eya Yunivasite ni 0°36'10.0"S, 30°41'44.0"E (Latitude:-0.602778, Longitude:30.695556). Kampusi eya kabiri eri aha Rushozi rwa Ruharo, nayo eri omu Mbarara Metropolitan Area. == Ebyafaayo == BSU ekeetwa amaziina ga Cyril Stuart owaabaire ari Bishopu w'Abangirikaani omuri Uganda ahagati y'ekyasha kya 20. BSU ekatandika emirimo yaayo omuri 2003 aha itendekyero eryabaire ririmu Kakoba National Teacher's College (KNTC) omuri burengye bw'eizooba rya Uganda omu rurembo Mbarara. KNTC ekarekyera aho emirimo yaayo aha muheru gwa 2005, kandi omuri 2006, BSU ekatwara emyanya n'ebibangirizi ebyabaire birimu KNTC.Abegi ab'okubanza kujwara diguri aha baruha za BSU bakaba bari abeegi abamazire diguri omuri 2009.[10] Aha biro 10 Okwa ikumi omuri 2014, aha mukoro gw'okujwara diguri ogw'omurundi gwa 10, Minisita w'Eby'obwegyese Jessica Alupo akarangirira ngu BSU ekaba eikiriziibwe ekitongore kya Uganda National Council for Higher Education kutunga ebaruha erikwikiriza yunivasite.[11] Ebaruha egi ekaba eikiriziibwe kandi yaheebwa yunivasite aha muheru gw'Okwaikumi omuri 2014. == Enshonga z'eby'obwegyese == Okuruga Okwa ikumi nibiri omuri 2020, BSU ekaba eine amatendekyero n’ebitongore ebi: == Eishomero ry'eby'obuhingi, eby'obuhangwa hamwe na tekinorogye == Ekitongore ky'eby'obuhingi n'oburiisa. == Eishomero ry'eby'obushubuzi, eby'entatsya & eby'obutegyeki. == * Ekitongore ky'Emirimo y'Abantu n'Okubeebembera. * Ekitongore ky'eby'obushubuzi. * Ekitongore ky'Okushwijuma Okutunguuka. * Ekitongore ky'okushwijuma eby'obuhangwa bw'ensi. Ekitongore ky'eby'entatsya n'okureeberera. == Eishomero ry'eby'obwegyese, eby'emikono & Eby'empurizagana. == * Ekitongore ky'obwegyese obw'omusingye. * Ekitongore ky'obuntu. * Ekitongore ky'endimi. Ekitongore ky'eby'obwegyese bwa sayansi. == Eishomero ry'ebiragiro. == Ekitongore ky'ebiragiro. thv7av28i408pvrqea6sop3sjzzveed 0 3778198 7256258 7206314 2026-07-20T08:17:40Z Kluntjekniiper 2659379 7256258 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/frs/Inf'rmóósjoonsboks Land | Nóóm = Republik Injen | Bild = Flag of India.svg | Bildbräed't = 150px | Bildtekst = Flâağ fan d' Republik Injen | Tóól = [[Wp/frs/Hindi|Hindi]] un [[Wp/frs/Engelsk|Engelsk]]<br />(Amtstóólen fan d' Unjoon)<br />21 anner, offisjäel ankent tóólen däinent<br />up regjoonóóel niwo däils as amtstóólen. | Land = Düütskland | Hoovdstad = [[Wp/frs/Näj-Delhi|Näj-Delhi]] | Inwoonertóól = 1.428.627.663 (1.) (2023) <ref>UN-Sekretaarióót (skatten): [https://web.archive.org/web/20180922024646/https://population.un.org/wpp/DataQuery/ World Population Prospects 2023.] (Internet Archive) Ofraupen up d' 7. junii 2026 (engelsk).</ref> | Flâakt = 3.287.263 (7.) km&sup2; | Besiidelnsdiecht't = 431 inwooners/km&sup2; | Regäärensföörm = [[Wp/frs/Parlómentaarsk bundsrepublik|Parlómentaarsk bundsrepublik]] | Stóótshoovd = Stóótspresidentske [[Wp/frs/Draupadi Murmu|Draupadi Murmu]] | Regäärensskef = Premjeeminister [[Wp/frs/Narendra Modi|Narendra Modi]] }} '''Injen''' (äigennóóm unner anner [[Wp/frs/Hindi|Hindi]] भारत ISO15919 Bhārat, [[Wp/frs/Engelsk|engelsk]] India), amtelk '''Republik Injen''', is 'n stóót in [[Wp/frs/Süüdóósien|Süüdóósien]]. Injen umfat't däi grôotst däil fan däi indisk subkuntinent. Däi Himalaya bild't däi natürelk noordelk gräens fan Injen, in 't süüed umslut't däi Indisk Oseóón dat stóótsgebiit. Injen grenst an [[Wp/frs/Pakistóón|Pakistóón]], dat skiineesk aautonôom gebiit [[Wp/frs/Tibet|Tibet]], [[Wp/frs/Nepóól|Nepóól]], [[Wp/frs/Butóón|Butóón]], [[Wp/frs/Mjanmaar|Mjanmaar]] un [[Wp/frs/Banglódesk|Banglódesk]]. Anner nóóberstóóten in d' Indisk Oseóón bünt [[Wp/frs/Sri Lankó|Sri Lankó]] un däi [[Wp/frs/Malediiwen|Malediiwen]]. Wat siin landflâakt anbelangt is Injen dat söömtgrôotst land fan d' êer. Mit ruuğweğ 1,426 miljaarden inwooners is Injen siit pril 2023 fööer däi [[Wp/frs/Skiinó|Folksrepublik Skiinó]] däi befolkensrîikst stóót fan d' êer un soo däi befolkensrîikst demokróótii fan d' weerld.<ref>[https://www.bpb.de/themen/1269M3,0,0,Indien.html Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung]</ref><ref>[https://www.spiegel.de/ausland/indien-loest-china-als-bevoelkerungsreichstes-land-der-welt-ab-a-a01af987-35d0-495a-95ce-9b4ae45c946a Indien hat jetzt 1.425.775.850 Einwohner – mehr als China.] spiegel.de, ofraupen up d' 7. junii 2026.</ref> Döör f'ruutgóónd modeernisäären, bilden, walstand un urbóónisäären daajt däi boortenróóet siit anfang fan däi 1980er joren sinken.<ref>Rema Nagarajan: [https://www.spiegel.de/gesundheit/schwangerschaft/indien-die-entschaerfte-bevoelkerungsbombe-a-1098022.html Indien: Die entschärfte Bevölkerungsbombe.] ofraupen up d' 7. junii 2020</ref> Däi föderóóel republik Injen word't fan 28 bundsstóóten as ook acht bundsunmiddelboer gewesten bild't. Hoovdstad is Näj-Delhi, däil fan däi metropôol Delhi. Däi befolkensrîikst stad un t'gliik dat wirtskafts- un finanstsentrum is Mumbai. Anner baalensruumen bünt Kolkata, Chennai, Bengaluru, Hyderabad, Ahmedabad un Pune. Dat gebiit fan Injen is näit lóóter as siit däi brongstiidelk Indus-hooğkultüer tsiwiilisäärt. Siit siin unofhangelkkaid fan 't [[Wp/frs/Feräint Köönenkriik|Feräint Köönenkriik]] 1947 un dat Briitsk Weerldriik is 't lid fan dat Commonwealth of Nations, eerst as kaiserriik mit däi briitsk monarch as kaiser fan Injen un siit 1950 as demokróótsk un sekuleer ferfóóten republik. Dat politisk süsteem fan Injen bóósäärt siitdeem up 'n parlómentaarsk republik nóó 't föörbild fan dat briitsk Westminster-süsteem. Däi indisk selskup word't trots ferfóótensmóótiğ religjoonsfreihaid fan dat religjööes hirarchsk kastensüsteem bestemt. Däi mit ofstand grôotst religjoonsgruep bünt däi Hindus, folğt fan Musliimen, Kristen un däi histoorsk uut Injen stammend Sikhs, Buddisten un Jaina. Dat undwikkelnsprogram fan däi Feräint Nóósjoonen telt Injen tau däi lâan mit middelst minskelk undwikkeln.<ref name="HDI">Table: Human Development Index and its components. In: Undwikkelnsprogram fan däi Feräint Nóósjoonen (uutgeever): Human Development Report 2025. United Nations Development Programme, New York 2025, ISBN 978-92-1154263-9, S. 278 (engelsk, [https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2025reporten.pdf#page=292 undp.org] [PDF]).</ref> Bii d' laanfergliik fan däi ''[[Wp/frs/Indeks fan dat minskelk undwikkeln|Indeks fan dat minskelk undwikkeln]]'' lağ Injen in 't joer 2021 up râang 132 fan 191 weerldwiid.<ref name="HDI"/> Ökonoomsk telt Injen as swellenland. Dat höört tau däi O5- un BRICS-stóóten un däi gruep fan däi twintiğ wichtiğst industrii- un swellenlâan (G20). Trots siin lêeğ pro-kop-inkoomen un -fermöögen, däils grôot aarmaud, hôoğ aarbaidslössiğkaid un stâark inkoomensungliikhaid is Injen weegen siin grôot befolken däi daard- of sestgrôotst wirtskaftsmacht fan d' weerld (koopkrachtberaajniğt of nominóól). Dat land was 2015 föör 't êerst däi gaaust waasend folkswirtskaft fan däi G20-gruep, het sük tau 'n tsentrum föör inf'rmóósjoonstechnoloogii un -densten undwikkelt un ferfauğt oover 'n stóódiğ waasend middelskicht as ook äien fan däi weerldwiid grôotst softwareindustriien. Siit 2014 is däi hindu-nóósjoonóólistisk politikker Narendra Modi premjeeminister fan Injen. Kritikkers mellent siitdeem meer un meer aautoritêer tendensen un dat begrensen fan minnerhaidenrechten.<ref>Nitasha Kaul: [https://www.internationalaffairs.org.au/australianoutlook/increasing-authoritarianism-in-india-under-narendra-modi/ Increasing Authoritarianism in India under Narendra Modi.] In: Australian Institute for International Affairs. 2. aaugust 2023, ofraupen up d' 7. junii 2026 (engelsk).</ref><ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2023/apr/23/the-observer-view-on-narendra-modi-growing-threat-to-democracy The Observer view on the growing threat to democracy in India.] In: The Observer (India) / The Guardian. 27. pril 2023, ofraupen up d' 7. junii 2026 (engelsk).</ref> == Wellen == [[Category:Wp/frs]] {{INTERWIKI|Q668}} iyf8kmvbh3618712vawtosyoj6a2w4t 0 3779809 7255664 7207950 2026-07-19T13:02:38Z For2jss 2693535 Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q24263664]] 7255664 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q24263664}} '''Lieutenant General Charles Lwanga Lutaaya''', n'omuserukare omukuru omu Uganda omu Uganda People's Defence Forces (UPDF). Niwe muhabuzi wa purezidenti aha nshonga z'amahe g'omumwanya. Ekyo kitakahikire, akaba ari omuduumizi w'amahe ga UPDF ag'omumwanya bwanyima y'okuheereza nk'omuhwezi w'omuduumizi w'amahe ga UPDF ag'omumwanya.<ref>Kafeero, Stephen (14 December 2014). [http://mobile.monitor.co.ug/News/Plan-for-ageing-army-officers---Gen-Saleh-/-/2466686/2555204/-/format/xhtml/-/lllqly/-/index.html "Plan for ageing army officers - General Saleh"]. Daily Monitor Mobile. Kampala. Retrieved 25 May 2016.</ref> == Obuto bwe n'eby'obwegyese == Akazaarwa omu kicweka kya rwagati omuri Uganda. Omuri 2013, aha rurengo rwa koloneeli, Lutaaya akaza omu koosi y'ahaiguru eya Senior Air Staff and Command Course omuri United States.<ref>Administrator (25 May 2013). [http://www.redpepper.co.ug/m7-promotes-more-updf-officers-kayihura-now-general/ "M7 Promotes more UPDF Officers, Kayihura Now General"]. The Red Pepper. Mukono. Retrieved 25 May 2016.</ref> == Ebyafaayo by'emirimo ye == Omu 2012, Charles Lutaaya, aha rurengo rwa lieutenant colonel, akaheereza nk'omwebembezi w'ekitongore ky'okubuuririza aha kugwa kw'enyonyi ishatu eza UPDF Air Force omu rushozi rwa Kenya, barikuza Somalia, nk'ekicweka ky'omurimo gwa AMISOM. Okugwa kw'enyonyi kukareetaho okufa kw'abantu mushanju aba UPDF hamwe n'okufeerwa enyonyi ishatu eza Mi-17. Akakiiko kakaba karikwebemberwa Genero Salim Saleh.<ref>[http://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/Grief-as-families--army-lay-crash-dead-to-rest/-/688334/1484512/-/slchm7z/-/index.html "Grief as families, army lay crash dead to rest"]. Daily Monitor. Kampala. 22 August 2012. Retrieved 25 May 2016.</ref> Aha muheru gw'okucondooza okwo, Lutaaya akaheebwa ekitiinisa ky'okuba colonel omu bwijwire.<ref>Kasasira, Risdel (8 October 2012). [http://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/Museveni-sacks-two-top-airforce-officers/-/688334/1527458/-/7bp7e6z/-/index.html "Museveni sacks two top airforce officers"]. Daily Monitor. Kampala. Retrieved 25 May 2016.</ref> Omu Kwaikumi 2012, aha rurengo rwa colonel, akatooranwa kuheereza nka mukuru w'amahe ga UPDF Air Force.<ref>Joe Elunya Ssalongo (7 October 2012). [http://ugandaradionetwork.com/story/museveni-names-new-air-force-bosses "Museveni Names New Air force Bosses"]. Kampala: Uganda Radio Network. Retrieved 25 May 2016.</ref> Omu Kwamushanju 2015, aha rurengo rwa colonel, akatooranwa kuheereza nka mukuru w'amahe ga UPDF Air Force.<ref>UPDF-SFC (24 July 2015). [https://web.archive.org/web/20160512131011/http://specialforcescommand.go.ug/uganda-and-italy-strengthen-defense-cooperation/ "Uganda and Italy Strengthen Defense Cooperation"]. Entebbe: UPDF Special Forces Command (UPDF-SFC). Archived from [http://specialforcescommand.go.ug/uganda-and-italy-strengthen-defense-cooperation/ the original] on 12 May 2016. Retrieved 25 May 2016.</ref> Omu Kwakataano 2016, akaheebwa aha rurengo rwa brigadier.<ref>Monitor Reporter (25 May 2016). [http://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/First-son-Gen-Muhoozi-decorated/-/688334/3218238/-/14g27scz/-/index.html "Museveni's son General Muhoozi decorated"]. Daily Monitor. Kampala. Retrieved 25 May 2016.</ref> Omu Kwokubanza 2017, akaheebwa aha rurengo rwa lieutenant general, kandi akaheebwa nka mukuru w'amahe ga UPDF Air Force.<ref>Nakiyimba, Gloria (11 January 2017). [http://tuckmagazine.com/2017/01/11/president-museveni-reshuffles-top-military-posts-uganda-promoting-son-senior-advisor/ "President Museveni reshuffles top military posts in Uganda, promoting Son to Senior Advisor".] Tuck Magazine. Retrieved 4 December 2017.</ref> Omu Kwakabiri 2019, akaheebwa aha rurengo rwa lieutenant general, kandi akaheebwa nka mukuru w'amahe ga UPDF Air Force.<ref>Monitor Reporter (8 February 2019). [https://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/Museveni-promotes-Muhoozi-Kainerugaba-Lieutenant-General/688334-4972994-mqpx8tz/index.html "Museveni promotes over 2,000 UPDF Officers"]. Daily Monitor. Kampala. Retrieved 8 February 2019.</ref> == Reeba n'ebindi == * Samuel Turyagyenda * Stephen Kiggundu * Sam Kavuma * Gavas Mugyenyi * Ugandan Military Schools == Obujurizi == <references /> == Obujurizi Obwa'heeru == * [http://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/-/688334/2397766/-/5yxwtv/-/index.html Man, widow fight over dead UPDF pilot’s compensation] [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q24263664}} kte4dmpolfzz9yngxog1xh314skypl9 0 3781403 7255676 7255521 2026-07-19T13:33:39Z Jyotirekha Paw 2694573 7255676 wikitext text/x-wiki Mising agom, gomlab, dírbí, pu:po-jarponam légangé ardapé ager gernékídí:dok ara:do Diram Kumbangké aminsé aginpé unna du:yaryé. Bí dumdum manna, ni:tomém mola, lusog agomémsin lula kélung kéba:lo réngamém aipé í:rbodungai.<ref name=" MITPANLA:MA:NAM MISING TANI 1">{{Wp/mrg/Cite book|author=Dipok Kr. Dole:|title=MITPANLA:MA:NAM MISING TANI:|pages=94-98|publication-date=Disembor, 2020|publisher=Tani K. Publication|publication-place=|url=https://dipokkumardoley.in/Books/Mitpanlamanam%20Mising%20Tani.pdf?v=1781678014661}}</ref> == Onam: == Diram Kumbangmé 1931 dítagdok Ité po:lodo aku Murkongselegdok Koplong do:lu:do it again.Bíkké abudok aminém Umbor Kumbang odokké aminém Nabba Kumbang émtagai. Umbor Kumbangké auwo appi:kai odokké ommé annyikai. 1950 dítagdok botténé tarémo:tondé Koplong do:lu:dém tonnyudnam lédupé buluk éra:dé Péya:pé gingkongkang. Diram Kumbangbí Jonailok agam do:lu:do okumém mola dungka.<ref name="MITPANLA:MA:NAM MISING TANI 1" /> == Porinam: == Dítag 1939 do Diram Kumbang bí buluké Koplong-Dorkang Pobug Pokodo ponamém poropka.Bí 1945 dítagdo Pobug ponamém auto:pé pokirto. Dítag 1949 do bí Ra:dang Inglis Iskul ém pokurka.Bí Hai Iskuldém potika Dibrugor Gobormen Boyes Hai Iskuldo.Dítag 1950 do Taré Moton tonna buluké do:lungém tonnyutto. Bí 1954 dítagdo Metrigdém pokurka.<ref name="MITPANLA:MA:NAM MISING TANI 1" /> == Réngam ager gernam: == Sí:sa:dokkéboi Diram Kumbangbí dumdum manna ni:tomém aipé modungai. Bík poriko pokokídí:dok légangé so:man manrésula murkongém mokumsupénampé idungai. Édé so:man manné ope:dok bí dumdum mannyangai, ni:tomémsin moyangai. Poyirnépé migom agerém gerra du:dagdo bí Murkongselek Mising Kristi Kébangém ba:lenbola Mising so:man-yírmaném ibodungai. 1972 dítagdo bí Jonailokké mímbír-ya:meyém gíbola Delhi:lo gonoton torong longédo Mising so:maném léngkanboka. 1973 dítagdo Diram Kumbangbí Murkongselek Bangke Mising Agom Kébangém ba:lenbola kébang abupé dungka. Édé kéba:dokki bí Mising agom, gomlab légangé lupo-lujar, adnam-ponam agerém gerbodungai. Kéba:dok lusar-potin ‘Lolad’ démsin la:lenbodungai. Murkongselek Bangke Mising Agom Kébangém ba:bonam lédudo bí Murkongselek Mising Kristi Kébang agerémsin ardapé gerbodungai. Bíkké ardapé gerbo kolok Jonai mo:tagdokké bojéko dumdum manjo:né, ni:tom mojo:né la: makso: so:jo:né lenka.<ref name="MITPANLA:MA:NAM MISING TANI 1" /> == Gomlab ager gernam: == Diram Kumbangbí porila du:dodokkébo adnam agerém gerdungai. Bík Ape: annyido pola du:dodém Annyiné Mo:pí Mimagém morobla buluk Koplong do:lu:dok anin-mo:té:pé du:né bojéko do:lungém Melettori, Armi taniyé du:yedla dungai. Lédupé Diram Kumbangké lédulo do:lung ya:me:, milbong tani:kídí:dém murkongém biyé émna Margherita-Borma Istil Wel lambédok ri:dor paríngém di:nam légangé ísíng paríngém pamoge:la murkongém bikuma:la bulu aipé mé:dírpomkang.Édé agomdém adnala bík atpongarnam mé:tomdé ‘Daimitar’ (Diametre). Édém pobinamé réngamé aipé mé:líg sukang. Lédupé asutkoda mé:tomém atsedla bí potinpé la:lenpé émna Sodiya tublenkolo:pé mélíkka. 150 ko murkongém bila:mangkolok édé tíkumdé odogíng inyog- sirokkang. Mé:dírlok mé:tom adnamém mépagla bí kélung-kéba:lo gíla do:yíng, do:sog, gomsar adnamém adropka.<ref name="MITPANLA:MA:NAM MISING TANI 1" /> == Ka:yi:sunam: == [[Category:Wp/mrg]] <references /> [[Category:Wp/mrg/Mising tani]] lxc3gqzgwr12i5oimns5u17rk29znw1 7255677 7255676 2026-07-19T13:39:40Z Jyotirekha Paw 2694573 7255677 wikitext text/x-wiki Mising agom, gomlab, dírbí, pu:po-jarponam légangé ardapé ager gernékídí:dok ara:do Diram Kumbangké aminsé aginpé unna du:yaryé. Bí dumdum manna, ni:tomém mola, lusog agomémsin lula kélung kéba:lo réngamém aipé í:rbodungai.<ref name=" MITPANLA:MA:NAM MISING TANI 1">{{Wp/mrg/Cite book|author=Dipok Kr. Dole:|title=MITPANLA:MA:NAM MISING TANI:|pages=94-98|publication-date=Disembor, 2020|publisher=Tani K. Publication|publication-place=|url=https://dipokkumardoley.in/Books/Mitpanlamanam%20Mising%20Tani.pdf?v=1781678014661}}</ref> == Onam: == Diram Kumbangmé 1931 dítagdok Ité po:lodo aku Murkongselegdok Koplong do:lu:do it again.Bíkké abudok aminém Umbor Kumbang odokké aminém Nabba Kumbang émtagai. Umbor Kumbangké auwo appi:kai odokké ommé annyikai. 1950 dítagdok botténé tarémo:tondé Koplong do:lu:dém tonnyudnam lédupé buluk éra:dé Péya:pé gingkongkang. Diram Kumbangbí Jonailok agam do:lu:do okumém mola dungka.<ref name="MITPANLA:MA:NAM MISING TANI 1" /> == Porinam: == Dítag 1939 do Diram Kumbang bí buluké Koplong-Dorkang Pobug Pokodo ponamém poropka.Bí 1945 dítagdo Pobug ponamém auto:pé pokirto. Dítag 1949 do bí Ra:dang Inglis Iskul ém pokurka.Bí Hai Iskuldém potika Dibrugor Gobormen Boyes Hai Iskuldo.Dítag 1950 do Taré Moton tonna buluké do:lungém tonnyutto. Bí 1954 dítagdo Metrigdém pokurka.<ref name="MITPANLA:MA:NAM MISING TANI 1" /> == Réngam ager gernam: == Sí:sa:dokkéboi Diram Kumbangbí dumdum manna ni:tomém aipé modungai. Bík poriko pokokídí:dok légangé so:man manrésula murkongém mokumsupénampé idungai. Édé so:man manné ope:dok bí dumdum mannyangai, ni:tomémsin moyangai. Poyirnépé migom agerém gerra du:dagdo bí Murkongselek Mising Kristi Kébangém ba:lenbola Mising so:man-yírmaném ibodungai. 1972 dítagdo bí Jonailokké mímbír-ya:meyém gíbola Delhi:lo gonoton torong longédo Mising so:maném léngkanboka. 1973 dítagdo Diram Kumbangbí Murkongselek Bangke Mising Agom Kébangém ba:lenbola kébang abupé dungka. Édé kéba:dokki bí Mising agom, gomlab légangé lupo-lujar, adnam-ponam agerém gerbodungai. Kéba:dok lusar-potin ‘Lolad’ démsin la:lenbodungai. Murkongselek Bangke Mising Agom Kébangém ba:bonam lédudo bí Murkongselek Mising Kristi Kébang agerémsin ardapé gerbodungai. Bíkké ardapé gerbo kolok Jonai mo:tagdokké bojéko dumdum manjo:né, ni:tom mojo:né la: makso: so:jo:né lenka.<ref name="MITPANLA:MA:NAM MISING TANI 1" /> == Gomlab ager gernam: == Diram Kumbangbí porila du:dodokkébo adnam agerém gerdungai. Bík Ape: annyido pola du:dodém Annyiné Mo:pí Mimagém morobla buluk Koplong do:lu:dok anin-mo:té:pé du:né bojéko do:lungém Melettori, Armi taniyé du:yedla dungai. Lédupé Diram Kumbangké lédulo do:lung ya:me:, milbong tani:kídí:dém murkongém biyé émna Margherita-Borma Istil Wel lambédok ri:dor paríngém di:nam légangé ísíng paríngém pamoge:la murkongém bikuma:la bulu aipé mé:dírpomkang.Édé agomdém adnala bík atpongarnam mé:tomdé ‘Daimitar’ (Diametre). Édém pobinamé réngamé aipé mé:líg sukang. Lédupé asutkoda mé:tomém atsedla bí potinpé la:lenpé émna Sodiya tublenkolo:pé mélíkka. 150 ko murkongém bila:mangkolok édé tíkumdé odogíng inyog- sirokkang. Mé:dírlok mé:tom adnamém mépagla bí kélung-kéba:lo gíla do:yíng, do:sog, gomsar adnamém adropka.Diram Kumbangké adlennam potinkídí:dé– 1. Bangkí Bangkí Amin 2. Mur Dristit Inglendor Ingraj Homaj 3. Ki Mayar Kobolot <ref name="MITPANLA:MA:NAM MISING TANI 1" /> == Ka:yi:sunam: == [[Category:Wp/mrg]] <references /> [[Category:Wp/mrg/Mising tani]] fxsrq2eknhn3zuwglyjge5pfdrc9f1m 7255679 7255677 2026-07-19T13:41:54Z Jyotirekha Paw 2694573 7255679 wikitext text/x-wiki Mising agom, gomlab, dírbí, pu:po-jarponam légangé ardapé ager gernékídí:dok ara:do Diram Kumbangké aminsé aginpé unna du:yaryé. Bí dumdum manna, ni:tomém mola, lusog agomémsin lula kélung kéba:lo réngamém aipé í:rbodungai.<ref name=" MITPANLA:MA:NAM MISING TANI 1">{{Wp/mrg/Cite book|author=Dipok Kr. Dole:|title=MITPANLA:MA:NAM MISING TANI:|pages=94-98|publication-date=Disembor, 2020|publisher=Tani K. Publication|publication-place=|url=https://dipokkumardoley.in/Books/Mitpanlamanam%20Mising%20Tani.pdf?v=1781678014661}}</ref> == Onam: == Diram Kumbangmé 1931 dítagdok Ité po:lodo aku Murkongselegdok Koplong do:lu:do it again.Bíkké abudok aminém Umbor Kumbang odokké aminém Nabba Kumbang émtagai. Umbor Kumbangké auwo appi:kai odokké ommé annyikai. 1950 dítagdok botténé tarémo:tondé Koplong do:lu:dém tonnyudnam lédupé buluk éra:dé Péya:pé gingkongkang. Diram Kumbangbí Jonailok agam do:lu:do okumém mola dungka.<ref name="MITPANLA:MA:NAM MISING TANI 1" /> == Porinam: == Dítag 1939 do Diram Kumbang bí buluké Koplong-Dorkang Pobug Pokodo ponamém poropka.Bí 1945 dítagdo Pobug ponamém auto:pé pokirto. Dítag 1949 do bí Ra:dang Inglis Iskul ém pokurka.Bí Hai Iskuldém potika Dibrugor Gobormen Boyes Hai Iskuldo.Dítag 1950 do Taré Moton tonna buluké do:lungém tonnyutto. Bí 1954 dítagdo Metrigdém pokurka.<ref name="MITPANLA:MA:NAM MISING TANI 1" /> == Réngam ager gernam: == Sí:sa:dokkéboi Diram Kumbangbí dumdum manna ni:tomém aipé modungai. Bík poriko pokokídí:dok légangé so:man manrésula murkongém mokumsupénampé idungai. Édé so:man manné ope:dok bí dumdum mannyangai, ni:tomémsin moyangai. Poyirnépé migom agerém gerra du:dagdo bí Murkongselek Mising Kristi Kébangém ba:lenbola Mising so:man-yírmaném ibodungai. 1972 dítagdo bí Jonailokké mímbír-ya:meyém gíbola Delhi:lo gonoton torong longédo Mising so:maném léngkanboka. 1973 dítagdo Diram Kumbangbí Murkongselek Bangke Mising Agom Kébangém ba:lenbola kébang abupé dungka. Édé kéba:dokki bí Mising agom, gomlab légangé lupo-lujar, adnam-ponam agerém gerbodungai. Kéba:dok lusar-potin ‘Lolad’ démsin la:lenbodungai. Murkongselek Bangke Mising Agom Kébangém ba:bonam lédudo bí Murkongselek Mising Kristi Kébang agerémsin ardapé gerbodungai. Bíkké ardapé gerbo kolok Jonai mo:tagdokké bojéko dumdum manjo:né, ni:tom mojo:né la: makso: so:jo:né lenka.<ref name="MITPANLA:MA:NAM MISING TANI 1" /> == Gomlab ager gernam: == Diram Kumbangbí porila du:dodokkébo adnam agerém gerdungai. Bík Ape: annyido pola du:dodém Annyiné Mo:pí Mimagém morobla buluk Koplong do:lu:dok anin-mo:té:pé du:né bojéko do:lungém Melettori, Armi taniyé du:yedla dungai. Lédupé Diram Kumbangké lédulo do:lung ya:me:, milbong tani:kídí:dém murkongém biyé émna Margherita-Borma Istil Wel lambédok ri:dor paríngém di:nam légangé ísíng paríngém pamoge:la murkongém bikuma:la bulu aipé mé:dírpomkang.Édé agomdém adnala bík atpongarnam mé:tomdé ‘Daimitar’ (Diametre). Édém pobinamé réngamé aipé mé:líg sukang. Lédupé asutkoda mé:tomém atsedla bí potinpé la:lenpé émna Sodiya tublenkolo:pé mélíkka. 150 ko murkongém bila:mangkolok édé tíkumdé odogíng inyog- sirokkang. Mé:dírlok mé:tom adnamém mépagla bí kélung-kéba:lo gíla do:yíng, do:sog, gomsar adnamém adropka.Diram Kumbangké adlennam potinkídí:dé– 1. Bangkí Bangkí Amin 2. Mur Dristit Inglendor Ingraj Homaj 3. Ki Mayar Kobolot 4. Bilator Bilati Memor Siti :: Londonor Itu-Hitu Bohutu 5. Senangoi Bakora 6. Lugo-Ménggo 7. Mising Homajor Puja- Poddhoti 8. Mibur Utpotti, Lokshyon Aru Saritrik Boishistyo sé:bulu. Diram Kumbangké adnamé la: yaru mobonam do:sog kídí:dé– Inserlok Inserko, Ngoluk Érang, Ngetkong Yangkampé, Iri Sinyo, Uyenné Gakír.<ref name="MITPANLA:MA:NAM MISING TANI 1" /> == Ka:yi:sunam: == [[Category:Wp/mrg]] <references /> [[Category:Wp/mrg/Mising tani]] jhj4m8466o18nr0sfrk64z3hplmisb8 7255683 7255679 2026-07-19T13:47:51Z Jyotirekha Paw 2694573 7255683 wikitext text/x-wiki Mising agom, gomlab, dírbí, pu:po-jarponam légangé ardapé ager gernékídí:dok ara:do Diram Kumbangké aminsé aginpé unna du:yaryé. Bí dumdum manna, ni:tomém mola, lusog agomémsin lula kélung kéba:lo réngamém aipé í:rbodungai.<ref name=" MITPANLA:MA:NAM MISING TANI 1">{{Wp/mrg/Cite book|author=Dipok Kr. Dole:|title=MITPANLA:MA:NAM MISING TANI:|pages=94-98|publication-date=Disembor, 2020|publisher=Tani K. Publication|publication-place=|url=https://dipokkumardoley.in/Books/Mitpanlamanam%20Mising%20Tani.pdf?v=1781678014661}}</ref> == Onam: == Diram Kumbangmé 1931 dítagdok Ité po:lodo aku Murkongselegdok Koplong do:lu:do it again.Bíkké abudok aminém Umbor Kumbang odokké aminém Nabba Kumbang émtagai. Umbor Kumbangké auwo appi:kai odokké ommé annyikai. 1950 dítagdok botténé tarémo:tondé Koplong do:lu:dém tonnyudnam lédupé buluk éra:dé Péya:pé gingkongkang. Diram Kumbangbí Jonailok agam do:lu:do okumém mola dungka.<ref name="MITPANLA:MA:NAM MISING TANI 1" /> == Porinam: == Dítag 1939 do Diram Kumbang bí buluké Koplong-Dorkang Pobug Pokodo ponamém poropka.Bí 1945 dítagdo Pobug ponamém auto:pé pokirto. Dítag 1949 do bí Ra:dang Inglis Iskul ém pokurka.Bí Hai Iskuldém potika Dibrugor Gobormen Boyes Hai Iskuldo.Dítag 1950 do Taré Moton tonna buluké do:lungém tonnyutto. Bí 1954 dítagdo Metrigdém pokurka.Takko-tagnyikopé anupé la:lennam ‘Ujoni Miri M.E. Iskul’do poyirnépé inam lédupé bí I.Sc. ponamém porika 1956 dítagdo Dibrugorh Honumanboks Surojmol Kanoi Kolejdo. Édé kolejdokké I.Sc.dém pokurnam lédupé oddung bí Kin-go pe:leyém mépagge:la réngam ager gernam légangé B.A. do aminém adlíkka.<ref name="MITPANLA:MA:NAM MISING TANI 1" /> == Réngam ager gernam: == Sí:sa:dokkéboi Diram Kumbangbí dumdum manna ni:tomém aipé modungai. Bík poriko pokokídí:dok légangé so:man manrésula murkongém mokumsupénampé idungai. Édé so:man manné ope:dok bí dumdum mannyangai, ni:tomémsin moyangai. Poyirnépé migom agerém gerra du:dagdo bí Murkongselek Mising Kristi Kébangém ba:lenbola Mising so:man-yírmaném ibodungai. 1972 dítagdo bí Jonailokké mímbír-ya:meyém gíbola Delhi:lo gonoton torong longédo Mising so:maném léngkanboka. 1973 dítagdo Diram Kumbangbí Murkongselek Bangke Mising Agom Kébangém ba:lenbola kébang abupé dungka. Édé kéba:dokki bí Mising agom, gomlab légangé lupo-lujar, adnam-ponam agerém gerbodungai. Kéba:dok lusar-potin ‘Lolad’ démsin la:lenbodungai. Murkongselek Bangke Mising Agom Kébangém ba:bonam lédudo bí Murkongselek Mising Kristi Kébang agerémsin ardapé gerbodungai. Bíkké ardapé gerbo kolok Jonai mo:tagdokké bojéko dumdum manjo:né, ni:tom mojo:né la: makso: so:jo:né lenka.<ref name="MITPANLA:MA:NAM MISING TANI 1" /> == Gomlab ager gernam: == Diram Kumbangbí porila du:dodokkébo adnam agerém gerdungai. Bík Ape: annyido pola du:dodém Annyiné Mo:pí Mimagém morobla buluk Koplong do:lu:dok anin-mo:té:pé du:né bojéko do:lungém Melettori, Armi taniyé du:yedla dungai. Lédupé Diram Kumbangké lédulo do:lung ya:me:, milbong tani:kídí:dém murkongém biyé émna Margherita-Borma Istil Wel lambédok ri:dor paríngém di:nam légangé ísíng paríngém pamoge:la murkongém bikuma:la bulu aipé mé:dírpomkang.Édé agomdém adnala bík atpongarnam mé:tomdé ‘Daimitar’ (Diametre). Édém pobinamé réngamé aipé mé:líg sukang. Lédupé asutkoda mé:tomém atsedla bí potinpé la:lenpé émna Sodiya tublenkolo:pé mélíkka. 150 ko murkongém bila:mangkolok édé tíkumdé odogíng inyog- sirokkang. Mé:dírlok mé:tom adnamém mépagla bí kélung-kéba:lo gíla do:yíng, do:sog, gomsar adnamém adropka.Diram Kumbangké adlennam potinkídí:dé– 1. Bangkí Bangkí Amin 2. Mur Dristit Inglendor Ingraj Homaj 3. Ki Mayar Kobolot 4. Bilator Bilati Memor Siti :: Londonor Itu-Hitu Bohutu 5. Senangoi Bakora 6. Lugo-Ménggo 7. Mising Homajor Puja- Poddhoti 8. Mibur Utpotti, Lokshyon Aru Saritrik Boishistyo sé:bulu. Diram Kumbangké adnamé la: yaru mobonam do:sog kídí:dé– Inserlok Inserko, Ngoluk Érang, Ngetkong Yangkampé, Iri Sinyo, Uyenné Gakír.<ref name="MITPANLA:MA:NAM MISING TANI 1" /> == Ka:yi:sunam: == [[Category:Wp/mrg]] <references /> [[Category:Wp/mrg/Mising tani]] qeoxkbhqhvyk0d86gob1x51bf6n45x6 0 3784898 7256284 7235141 2026-07-20T09:01:14Z NATURINDA FORTUNATE 2623054 grammatical corrections 7256284 wikitext text/x-wiki Bobosi Byaruhanga (akazaarwa ebiro 3 Okwaikumi na kumwe 2001) n'omuzaani wa Uganda omukugu omuzaani w'omupiira gw'ebigyere arikuzaana nk'omuzaani w'omupiira gw'ebigyere aha kiraabu ya USL Championship Oakland Roots hamwe na tiimu y'eihanga eya Uganda. == omurimo gwa kirabu == === Vipers SC === Byaruhanga akatandika omurimo gwe na Vipers, arikurabira omu itendekyero kuhangura ebikopo bibiri bya riigi hamwe n'ekya 2021 Airtel FUFA Male player of the year.[2] ==== MFK Vyškov ==== Omu Kwamukaaga 2022, akakwatanisibwa n'okuruga omu kiraabu, kandi omu Kwamunaana 2022, akakora empindahinduka kuza omuri Czech Republic, yaaza omu tiimu ya Czech National Football League eya Vyškov.[3] '''Austin FC II''' Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe 2023, akaza omu tiimu ya Amerika eya Austin FC II aha rooni y'obwire bwona, aine eky'okugura.[4][5] Byaruhanga akaba ari omuzaani w'omu kibuga owa Austin FC II obu baasingire ekikopo kya MLS Next Pro Cup ekya 2023, barikusingura Columbus Crew ggoolo 2 aha ggoolo 3–1.[6] Omu Kwakabiri 2024, Austin FC ekarangirira ngu bakagaruraho Byaruhanga aha rooni y'omwaka ogundi omurundi gw'akabiri omu siizoni ya 2024.[7] ====== Oakland Roots ====== Ebiro 4 Okwa kashatu 2025, Oakland Roots omu butongore ekahamya okuta omukono ahari Byaruhanga.[8] 4ag8l1ghycr9wqnu6by4dbgtnk944zg 7256285 7256284 2026-07-20T09:01:31Z NATURINDA FORTUNATE 2623054 Grammatical corrections 7256285 wikitext text/x-wiki Bobosi Byaruhanga (akazaarwa ebiro 3 Okwa ikumi na kumwe omuri 2001) n'omuzaani wa Uganda omukugu omuzaani w'omupiira gw'ebigyere arikuzaana nk'omuzaani w'omupiira gw'ebigyere aha kiraabu ya USL Championship Oakland Roots hamwe na tiimu y'eihanga eya Uganda. == omurimo gwa kirabu == === Vipers SC === Byaruhanga akatandika omurimo gwe na Vipers, arikurabira omu itendekyero kuhangura ebikopo bibiri bya riigi hamwe n'ekya 2021 Airtel FUFA Male player of the year.[2] ==== MFK Vyškov ==== Omu Kwamukaaga 2022, akakwatanisibwa n'okuruga omu kiraabu, kandi omu Kwamunaana 2022, akakora empindahinduka kuza omuri Czech Republic, yaaza omu tiimu ya Czech National Football League eya Vyškov.[3] '''Austin FC II''' Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe 2023, akaza omu tiimu ya Amerika eya Austin FC II aha rooni y'obwire bwona, aine eky'okugura.[4][5] Byaruhanga akaba ari omuzaani w'omu kibuga owa Austin FC II obu baasingire ekikopo kya MLS Next Pro Cup ekya 2023, barikusingura Columbus Crew ggoolo 2 aha ggoolo 3–1.[6] Omu Kwakabiri 2024, Austin FC ekarangirira ngu bakagaruraho Byaruhanga aha rooni y'omwaka ogundi omurundi gw'akabiri omu siizoni ya 2024.[7] ====== Oakland Roots ====== Ebiro 4 Okwa kashatu 2025, Oakland Roots omu butongore ekahamya okuta omukono ahari Byaruhanga.[8] qaf2fjwrntc3roir5o2k099si3qs96s 7256287 7256285 2026-07-20T09:02:11Z NATURINDA FORTUNATE 2623054 Grammatical corrections 7256287 wikitext text/x-wiki Bobosi Byaruhanga (akazaarwa ebiro 3 Okwa ikumi na kumwe omuri 2001) n'omuzaani wa Uganda omukugu omuzaani w'omupiira gw'ebigyere arikuzaana nk'omuzaani w'omupiira gw'ebigyere aha kiraabu ya USL Championship Oakland Roots hamwe na tiimu y'eihanga eya Uganda. == omurimo gwa kirabu == === Vipers SC === Byaruhanga akatandika omurimo gwe na Vipers, arikurabira omu itendekyero kuhangura ebikopo bibiri bya riigi hamwe n'ekya 2021 Airtel FUFA Male player of the year.[2] ==== MFK Vyškov ==== Omu Kwa mukaaga omuri 2022, akakwatanisibwa n'okuruga omu kiraabu, kandi omu Kwamunaana 2022, akakora empindahinduka kuza omuri Czech Republic, yaaza omu tiimu ya Czech National Football League eya Vyškov.[3] '''Austin FC II''' Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe 2023, akaza omu tiimu ya Amerika eya Austin FC II aha rooni y'obwire bwona, aine eky'okugura.[4][5] Byaruhanga akaba ari omuzaani w'omu kibuga owa Austin FC II obu baasingire ekikopo kya MLS Next Pro Cup ekya 2023, barikusingura Columbus Crew ggoolo 2 aha ggoolo 3–1.[6] Omu Kwakabiri 2024, Austin FC ekarangirira ngu bakagaruraho Byaruhanga aha rooni y'omwaka ogundi omurundi gw'akabiri omu siizoni ya 2024.[7] ====== Oakland Roots ====== Ebiro 4 Okwa kashatu 2025, Oakland Roots omu butongore ekahamya okuta omukono ahari Byaruhanga.[8] jutyb6mlkmt6hb0w2gc97fjmr0hflax 7256292 7256287 2026-07-20T09:02:59Z NATURINDA FORTUNATE 2623054 Grammatical corrections 7256292 wikitext text/x-wiki Bobosi Byaruhanga (akazaarwa ebiro 3 Okwa ikumi na kumwe omuri 2001) n'omuzaani wa Uganda omukugu omuzaani w'omupiira gw'ebigyere arikuzaana nk'omuzaani w'omupiira gw'ebigyere aha kiraabu ya USL Championship Oakland Roots hamwe na tiimu y'eihanga eya Uganda. == omurimo gwa kirabu == === Vipers SC === Byaruhanga akatandika omurimo gwe na Vipers, arikurabira omu itendekyero kuhangura ebikopo bibiri bya riigi hamwe n'ekya 2021 Airtel FUFA Male player of the year.[2] ==== MFK Vyškov ==== Omu Kwa mukaaga omuri 2022, akakwatanisibwa n'okuruga omu kiraabu, kandi omu Kwa munaana omuri 2022, akakora empindahinduka kuza omuri Czech Republic, yaaza omu tiimu ya Czech National Football League eya Vyškov.[3] '''Austin FC II''' Omu Kwa ikumi na kumwe omuri 2023, akaza omu tiimu ya Amerika eya Austin FC II aha rooni y'obwire bwona, aine eky'okugura.[4][5] Byaruhanga akaba ari omuzaani w'omu kibuga owa Austin FC II obu baasingire ekikopo kya MLS Next Pro Cup ekya 2023, barikusingura Columbus Crew ggoolo 2 aha ggoolo 3–1.[6] Omu Kwakabiri 2024, Austin FC ekarangirira ngu bakagaruraho Byaruhanga aha rooni y'omwaka ogundi omurundi gw'akabiri omu siizoni ya 2024.[7] ====== Oakland Roots ====== Ebiro 4 Okwa kashatu 2025, Oakland Roots omu butongore ekahamya okuta omukono ahari Byaruhanga.[8] qxp1czrcfc2j28gmroivhbeqh2fq92d 7256295 7256292 2026-07-20T09:03:26Z NATURINDA FORTUNATE 2623054 Grammatical corrections 7256295 wikitext text/x-wiki Bobosi Byaruhanga (akazaarwa ebiro 3 Okwa ikumi na kumwe omuri 2001) n'omuzaani wa Uganda omukugu omuzaani w'omupiira gw'ebigyere arikuzaana nk'omuzaani w'omupiira gw'ebigyere aha kiraabu ya USL Championship Oakland Roots hamwe na tiimu y'eihanga eya Uganda. == omurimo gwa kirabu == === Vipers SC === Byaruhanga akatandika omurimo gwe na Vipers, arikurabira omu itendekyero kuhangura ebikopo bibiri bya riigi hamwe n'ekya 2021 Airtel FUFA Male player of the year.[2] ==== MFK Vyškov ==== Omu Kwa mukaaga omuri 2022, akakwatanisibwa n'okuruga omu kiraabu, kandi omu Kwa munaana omuri 2022, akakora empindahinduka kuza omuri Czech Republic, yaaza omu tiimu ya Czech National Football League eya Vyškov.[3] '''Austin FC II''' Omu Kwa ikumi na kumwe omuri 2023, akaza omu tiimu ya Amerika eya Austin FC II aha rooni y'obwire bwona, aine eky'okugura.[4][5] Byaruhanga akaba ari omuzaani w'omu kibuga owa Austin FC II obu baasingire ekikopo kya MLS Next Pro Cup ekya 2023, barikusingura Columbus Crew ggoolo 2 aha ggoolo 3–1.[6] Omu Kwakabiri 2024, Austin FC ekarangirira ngu bakagaruraho Byaruhanga aha rooni y'omwaka ogundi omurundi gw'akabiri omu siizoni ya 2024.[7] ====== Oakland Roots ====== Ebiro 4 Okwa kashatu omuri 2025, Oakland Roots omu butongore ekahamya okuta omukono ahari Byaruhanga.[8] 3an6lj60umowvn6wf4rlyry42dy6up9 7256300 7256295 2026-07-20T09:04:35Z NATURINDA FORTUNATE 2623054 Grammatical corrections 7256300 wikitext text/x-wiki Bobosi Byaruhanga (akazaarwa ebiro 3 Okwa ikumi na kumwe omuri 2001) n'omuzaani wa Uganda omukugu omuzaani w'omupiira gw'ebigyere arikuzaana nk'omuzaani w'omupiira gw'ebigyere aha kiraabu ya USL Championship Oakland Roots hamwe na tiimu y'eihanga eya Uganda. == omurimo gwa kirabu == === Vipers SC === Byaruhanga akatandika omurimo gwe na Vipers, arikurabira omu itendekyero kuhangura ebikopo bibiri bya riigi hamwe n'ekya 2021 Airtel FUFA Male player of the year.[2] ==== MFK Vyškov ==== Omu Kwa mukaaga omuri 2022, akakwatanisibwa n'okuruga omu kiraabu, kandi omu Kwa munaana omuri 2022, akakora empindahinduka kuza omuri Czech Republic, yaaza omu tiimu ya Czech National Football League eya Vyškov.[3] '''Austin FC II''' Omu Kwa ikumi na kumwe omuri 2023, akaza omu tiimu ya Amerika eya Austin FC II aha rooni y'obwire bwona, aine eky'okugura.[4][5] Byaruhanga akaba ari omuzaani w'omu kibuga owa Austin FC II obu baasingire ekikopo kya MLS Next Pro Cup ekya 2023, barikusingura Columbus Crew ggoolo 2 aha ggoolo 3–1.[6] Omu Kwa kabiri omuri 2024, Austin FC ekarangirira ngu bakagaruraho Byaruhanga aha rooni y'omwaka ogundi omurundi gw'akabiri omu siizoni ya 2024.[7] ====== Oakland Roots ====== Ebiro 4 Okwa kashatu omuri 2025, Oakland Roots omu butongore ekahamya okuta omukono ahari Byaruhanga.[8] gxagpkda2vd0v6dsegmudl51o5mps35 0 3784951 7255830 7249801 2026-07-19T19:34:00Z Ngabirano johnan 2662404 Grammatical correction 7255830 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Abraham Kiplimo''' (azairwe 14 Okwakana 1989 omuri Suam, Kapchorwa Disiturikiti) n'omunya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] orikwiruka engyendo ndaingwa.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120730151752/http://www.london2012.com/athlete/kiplimo-abraham-1043737/ "Abraham Kiplimo]". ''London 2012''. The London Organising Committee of the Olympic Games and Paralympic Games Limited. Archived from the original on 30 July 2012. Retrieved 11 September 2012.</ref> Omu mizaano ya 2012 Summer Olympics, akahakahakana omu mpaka z'abashaija eza mita 5000, yaamara omu mwanya gwa 24 omu mpaka za Round 1, yaaremwa kuhika aha mpaka z'akamaririzo. Omu mizaano ya 2011 World Championships in Athletics akaremwa kuhika aha mpaka z'akamaririzo eza mita 5000. == Omurimo gw'okukora == Kiplimo akatandika kwiruka emizaano ya marathon omu marathon ya Rotterdam eya 2013, yaamara omu mwanya gwa ikumi na gumwe omu bwire bwa 2:09:23 eshaaha (obwire oburikukirayo oburungi oburikuhingura edakiika ina) bukaba omurundi gw'okubanza kwe kuhika omu bantu ikumi ab'okubanza omu mahanga goona.<ref>Nakamura, Ken (2014-02-02). [http://www.iaaf.org/news/report/abraham-kiplimo-beppu-oita-marathon-iaaf-silv Abraham Kiplimo gets biggest win of his career at the Beppu-Oita Marathon]. IAAF. Retrieved on 2014-02-23.</ref> Aha mizaano ya Commonwealth eya 2014, Kiplimo akasingura omudaari gwa kopa omuri Uganda omu misinde y'abashaija eya marathon, yaheza enyima ya Michael Shelley owa Australia na Stephen Kwelio Chemlany owa [[Wp/nyn/Kenya|Kenya]] omu bwire bwa 2:12:23 eshaaha. Egi ekaba eri omudaari gwa Kiplimo ogw'okubanza omu mahanga goona.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140728192952/http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/658073-kiplimo-wins-marathon-bronze-for-uganda-in-glasgow.html "Kiplimo wins marathon bronze for Uganda in Glasgow]". Archived from the original on 28 July 2014.</ref> == Reeba n'ebindi == * Moses Kipsiro * [[Wp/nyn/Abraham Chepkirwok|Abraham Chepkirwok]] == Ebyokureberaho == 7uujv83okoxd6jjzjoz1z0jdru6rn81 7255831 7255830 2026-07-19T19:34:23Z Ngabirano johnan 2662404 Grammatical correction 7255831 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Abraham Kiplimo''' azairwe 14 Okwakana 1989 omuri Suam, Kapchorwa Disiturikiti) n'omunya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] orikwiruka engyendo ndaingwa.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120730151752/http://www.london2012.com/athlete/kiplimo-abraham-1043737/ "Abraham Kiplimo]". ''London 2012''. The London Organising Committee of the Olympic Games and Paralympic Games Limited. Archived from the original on 30 July 2012. Retrieved 11 September 2012.</ref> Omu mizaano ya 2012 Summer Olympics, akahakahakana omu mpaka z'abashaija eza mita 5000, yaamara omu mwanya gwa 24 omu mpaka za Round 1, yaaremwa kuhika aha mpaka z'akamaririzo. Omu mizaano ya 2011 World Championships in Athletics akaremwa kuhika aha mpaka z'akamaririzo eza mita 5000. == Omurimo gw'okukora == Kiplimo akatandika kwiruka emizaano ya marathon omu marathon ya Rotterdam eya 2013, yaamara omu mwanya gwa ikumi na gumwe omu bwire bwa 2:09:23 eshaaha (obwire oburikukirayo oburungi oburikuhingura edakiika ina) bukaba omurundi gw'okubanza kwe kuhika omu bantu ikumi ab'okubanza omu mahanga goona.<ref>Nakamura, Ken (2014-02-02). [http://www.iaaf.org/news/report/abraham-kiplimo-beppu-oita-marathon-iaaf-silv Abraham Kiplimo gets biggest win of his career at the Beppu-Oita Marathon]. IAAF. Retrieved on 2014-02-23.</ref> Aha mizaano ya Commonwealth eya 2014, Kiplimo akasingura omudaari gwa kopa omuri Uganda omu misinde y'abashaija eya marathon, yaheza enyima ya Michael Shelley owa Australia na Stephen Kwelio Chemlany owa [[Wp/nyn/Kenya|Kenya]] omu bwire bwa 2:12:23 eshaaha. Egi ekaba eri omudaari gwa Kiplimo ogw'okubanza omu mahanga goona.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140728192952/http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/658073-kiplimo-wins-marathon-bronze-for-uganda-in-glasgow.html "Kiplimo wins marathon bronze for Uganda in Glasgow]". Archived from the original on 28 July 2014.</ref> == Reeba n'ebindi == * Moses Kipsiro * [[Wp/nyn/Abraham Chepkirwok|Abraham Chepkirwok]] == Ebyokureberaho == jlf74vls75ei6mja83z4fs63kqsy9bq 7255832 7255831 2026-07-19T19:35:11Z Ngabirano johnan 2662404 Grammatic correction 7255832 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Abraham Kiplimo''' aazairwe 14 Okwakana 1989 omuri Suam, Kapchorwa Disiturikiti) n'omunya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] orikwiruka engyendo ndaingwa.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120730151752/http://www.london2012.com/athlete/kiplimo-abraham-1043737/ "Abraham Kiplimo]". ''London 2012''. The London Organising Committee of the Olympic Games and Paralympic Games Limited. Archived from the original on 30 July 2012. Retrieved 11 September 2012.</ref> Omu mizaano ya 2012 Summer Olympics, akahakahakana omu mpaka z'abashaija eza mita 5000, yaamara omu mwanya gwa 24 omu mpaka za Round 1, yaaremwa kuhika aha mpaka z'akamaririzo. Omu mizaano ya 2011 World Championships in Athletics akaremwa kuhika aha mpaka z'akamaririzo eza mita 5000. == Omurimo gw'okukora == Kiplimo akatandika kwiruka emizaano ya marathon omu marathon ya Rotterdam eya 2013, yaamara omu mwanya gwa ikumi na gumwe omu bwire bwa 2:09:23 eshaaha (obwire oburikukirayo oburungi oburikuhingura edakiika ina) bukaba omurundi gw'okubanza kwe kuhika omu bantu ikumi ab'okubanza omu mahanga goona.<ref>Nakamura, Ken (2014-02-02). [http://www.iaaf.org/news/report/abraham-kiplimo-beppu-oita-marathon-iaaf-silv Abraham Kiplimo gets biggest win of his career at the Beppu-Oita Marathon]. IAAF. Retrieved on 2014-02-23.</ref> Aha mizaano ya Commonwealth eya 2014, Kiplimo akasingura omudaari gwa kopa omuri Uganda omu misinde y'abashaija eya marathon, yaheza enyima ya Michael Shelley owa Australia na Stephen Kwelio Chemlany owa [[Wp/nyn/Kenya|Kenya]] omu bwire bwa 2:12:23 eshaaha. Egi ekaba eri omudaari gwa Kiplimo ogw'okubanza omu mahanga goona.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140728192952/http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/658073-kiplimo-wins-marathon-bronze-for-uganda-in-glasgow.html "Kiplimo wins marathon bronze for Uganda in Glasgow]". Archived from the original on 28 July 2014.</ref> == Reeba n'ebindi == * Moses Kipsiro * [[Wp/nyn/Abraham Chepkirwok|Abraham Chepkirwok]] == Ebyokureberaho == 2p4x7y369i2n1sy9zvmlpnd0dlr6phf 7255833 7255832 2026-07-19T19:35:46Z Ngabirano johnan 2662404 Grammatical correction 7255833 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Abraham Kiplimo''' akazairwe 14 Okwakana 1989 omuri Suam, Kapchorwa Disiturikiti) n'omunya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] orikwiruka engyendo ndaingwa.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120730151752/http://www.london2012.com/athlete/kiplimo-abraham-1043737/ "Abraham Kiplimo]". ''London 2012''. The London Organising Committee of the Olympic Games and Paralympic Games Limited. Archived from the original on 30 July 2012. Retrieved 11 September 2012.</ref> Omu mizaano ya 2012 Summer Olympics, akahakahakana omu mpaka z'abashaija eza mita 5000, yaamara omu mwanya gwa 24 omu mpaka za Round 1, yaaremwa kuhika aha mpaka z'akamaririzo. Omu mizaano ya 2011 World Championships in Athletics akaremwa kuhika aha mpaka z'akamaririzo eza mita 5000. == Omurimo gw'okukora == Kiplimo akatandika kwiruka emizaano ya marathon omu marathon ya Rotterdam eya 2013, yaamara omu mwanya gwa ikumi na gumwe omu bwire bwa 2:09:23 eshaaha (obwire oburikukirayo oburungi oburikuhingura edakiika ina) bukaba omurundi gw'okubanza kwe kuhika omu bantu ikumi ab'okubanza omu mahanga goona.<ref>Nakamura, Ken (2014-02-02). [http://www.iaaf.org/news/report/abraham-kiplimo-beppu-oita-marathon-iaaf-silv Abraham Kiplimo gets biggest win of his career at the Beppu-Oita Marathon]. IAAF. Retrieved on 2014-02-23.</ref> Aha mizaano ya Commonwealth eya 2014, Kiplimo akasingura omudaari gwa kopa omuri Uganda omu misinde y'abashaija eya marathon, yaheza enyima ya Michael Shelley owa Australia na Stephen Kwelio Chemlany owa [[Wp/nyn/Kenya|Kenya]] omu bwire bwa 2:12:23 eshaaha. Egi ekaba eri omudaari gwa Kiplimo ogw'okubanza omu mahanga goona.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140728192952/http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/658073-kiplimo-wins-marathon-bronze-for-uganda-in-glasgow.html "Kiplimo wins marathon bronze for Uganda in Glasgow]". Archived from the original on 28 July 2014.</ref> == Reeba n'ebindi == * Moses Kipsiro * [[Wp/nyn/Abraham Chepkirwok|Abraham Chepkirwok]] == Ebyokureberaho == s9621ikhneqafdg8m2aoe33dtsx0d3f 7255834 7255833 2026-07-19T19:36:19Z Ngabirano johnan 2662404 Grammatical correction 7255834 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Abraham Kiplimo''' akazarwe 14 Okwakana 1989 omuri Suam, Kapchorwa Disiturikiti) n'omunya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] orikwiruka engyendo ndaingwa.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120730151752/http://www.london2012.com/athlete/kiplimo-abraham-1043737/ "Abraham Kiplimo]". ''London 2012''. The London Organising Committee of the Olympic Games and Paralympic Games Limited. Archived from the original on 30 July 2012. Retrieved 11 September 2012.</ref> Omu mizaano ya 2012 Summer Olympics, akahakahakana omu mpaka z'abashaija eza mita 5000, yaamara omu mwanya gwa 24 omu mpaka za Round 1, yaaremwa kuhika aha mpaka z'akamaririzo. Omu mizaano ya 2011 World Championships in Athletics akaremwa kuhika aha mpaka z'akamaririzo eza mita 5000. == Omurimo gw'okukora == Kiplimo akatandika kwiruka emizaano ya marathon omu marathon ya Rotterdam eya 2013, yaamara omu mwanya gwa ikumi na gumwe omu bwire bwa 2:09:23 eshaaha (obwire oburikukirayo oburungi oburikuhingura edakiika ina) bukaba omurundi gw'okubanza kwe kuhika omu bantu ikumi ab'okubanza omu mahanga goona.<ref>Nakamura, Ken (2014-02-02). [http://www.iaaf.org/news/report/abraham-kiplimo-beppu-oita-marathon-iaaf-silv Abraham Kiplimo gets biggest win of his career at the Beppu-Oita Marathon]. IAAF. Retrieved on 2014-02-23.</ref> Aha mizaano ya Commonwealth eya 2014, Kiplimo akasingura omudaari gwa kopa omuri Uganda omu misinde y'abashaija eya marathon, yaheza enyima ya Michael Shelley owa Australia na Stephen Kwelio Chemlany owa [[Wp/nyn/Kenya|Kenya]] omu bwire bwa 2:12:23 eshaaha. Egi ekaba eri omudaari gwa Kiplimo ogw'okubanza omu mahanga goona.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140728192952/http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/658073-kiplimo-wins-marathon-bronze-for-uganda-in-glasgow.html "Kiplimo wins marathon bronze for Uganda in Glasgow]". Archived from the original on 28 July 2014.</ref> == Reeba n'ebindi == * Moses Kipsiro * [[Wp/nyn/Abraham Chepkirwok|Abraham Chepkirwok]] == Ebyokureberaho == qi92ldrpqzud09dki8bn2jq7ndq0amx 7255838 7255834 2026-07-19T19:37:34Z Ngabirano johnan 2662404 Grammatical correction 7255838 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Abraham Kiplimo''' akazarw 14 Okwakana 1989 omuri Suam, Kapchorwa Disiturikiti) n'omunya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] orikwiruka engyendo ndaingwa.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120730151752/http://www.london2012.com/athlete/kiplimo-abraham-1043737/ "Abraham Kiplimo]". ''London 2012''. The London Organising Committee of the Olympic Games and Paralympic Games Limited. Archived from the original on 30 July 2012. Retrieved 11 September 2012.</ref> Omu mizaano ya 2012 Summer Olympics, akahakahakana omu mpaka z'abashaija eza mita 5000, yaamara omu mwanya gwa 24 omu mpaka za Round 1, yaaremwa kuhika aha mpaka z'akamaririzo. Omu mizaano ya 2011 World Championships in Athletics akaremwa kuhika aha mpaka z'akamaririzo eza mita 5000. == Omurimo gw'okukora == Kiplimo akatandika kwiruka emizaano ya marathon omu marathon ya Rotterdam eya 2013, yaamara omu mwanya gwa ikumi na gumwe omu bwire bwa 2:09:23 eshaaha (obwire oburikukirayo oburungi oburikuhingura edakiika ina) bukaba omurundi gw'okubanza kwe kuhika omu bantu ikumi ab'okubanza omu mahanga goona.<ref>Nakamura, Ken (2014-02-02). [http://www.iaaf.org/news/report/abraham-kiplimo-beppu-oita-marathon-iaaf-silv Abraham Kiplimo gets biggest win of his career at the Beppu-Oita Marathon]. IAAF. Retrieved on 2014-02-23.</ref> Aha mizaano ya Commonwealth eya 2014, Kiplimo akasingura omudaari gwa kopa omuri Uganda omu misinde y'abashaija eya marathon, yaheza enyima ya Michael Shelley owa Australia na Stephen Kwelio Chemlany owa [[Wp/nyn/Kenya|Kenya]] omu bwire bwa 2:12:23 eshaaha. Egi ekaba eri omudaari gwa Kiplimo ogw'okubanza omu mahanga goona.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140728192952/http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/658073-kiplimo-wins-marathon-bronze-for-uganda-in-glasgow.html "Kiplimo wins marathon bronze for Uganda in Glasgow]". Archived from the original on 28 July 2014.</ref> == Reeba n'ebindi == * Moses Kipsiro * [[Wp/nyn/Abraham Chepkirwok|Abraham Chepkirwok]] == Ebyokureberaho == jk7ype9rxckky9st0vvzha0fqlxiymc 7255839 7255838 2026-07-19T19:38:13Z Ngabirano johnan 2662404 Grammatical correction 7255839 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Abraham Kiplimo''' akazarwa 14 Okwakana 1989 omuri Suam, Kapchorwa Disiturikiti) n'omunya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] orikwiruka engyendo ndaingwa.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120730151752/http://www.london2012.com/athlete/kiplimo-abraham-1043737/ "Abraham Kiplimo]". ''London 2012''. The London Organising Committee of the Olympic Games and Paralympic Games Limited. Archived from the original on 30 July 2012. Retrieved 11 September 2012.</ref> Omu mizaano ya 2012 Summer Olympics, akahakahakana omu mpaka z'abashaija eza mita 5000, yaamara omu mwanya gwa 24 omu mpaka za Round 1, yaaremwa kuhika aha mpaka z'akamaririzo. Omu mizaano ya 2011 World Championships in Athletics akaremwa kuhika aha mpaka z'akamaririzo eza mita 5000. == Omurimo gw'okukora == Kiplimo akatandika kwiruka emizaano ya marathon omu marathon ya Rotterdam eya 2013, yaamara omu mwanya gwa ikumi na gumwe omu bwire bwa 2:09:23 eshaaha (obwire oburikukirayo oburungi oburikuhingura edakiika ina) bukaba omurundi gw'okubanza kwe kuhika omu bantu ikumi ab'okubanza omu mahanga goona.<ref>Nakamura, Ken (2014-02-02). [http://www.iaaf.org/news/report/abraham-kiplimo-beppu-oita-marathon-iaaf-silv Abraham Kiplimo gets biggest win of his career at the Beppu-Oita Marathon]. IAAF. Retrieved on 2014-02-23.</ref> Aha mizaano ya Commonwealth eya 2014, Kiplimo akasingura omudaari gwa kopa omuri Uganda omu misinde y'abashaija eya marathon, yaheza enyima ya Michael Shelley owa Australia na Stephen Kwelio Chemlany owa [[Wp/nyn/Kenya|Kenya]] omu bwire bwa 2:12:23 eshaaha. Egi ekaba eri omudaari gwa Kiplimo ogw'okubanza omu mahanga goona.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140728192952/http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/658073-kiplimo-wins-marathon-bronze-for-uganda-in-glasgow.html "Kiplimo wins marathon bronze for Uganda in Glasgow]". Archived from the original on 28 July 2014.</ref> == Reeba n'ebindi == * Moses Kipsiro * [[Wp/nyn/Abraham Chepkirwok|Abraham Chepkirwok]] == Ebyokureberaho == fzie4ggjieuwgzqv0vjmeb9zcwz7q8w 7255840 7255839 2026-07-19T19:38:42Z Ngabirano johnan 2662404 Grammatic correction 7255840 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Abraham Kiplimo''' akazarwa 14 Okwakana 1989 omuri Suam, Kapchorwa Disiturikiti n'omunya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] orikwiruka engyendo ndaingwa.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120730151752/http://www.london2012.com/athlete/kiplimo-abraham-1043737/ "Abraham Kiplimo]". ''London 2012''. The London Organising Committee of the Olympic Games and Paralympic Games Limited. Archived from the original on 30 July 2012. Retrieved 11 September 2012.</ref> Omu mizaano ya 2012 Summer Olympics, akahakahakana omu mpaka z'abashaija eza mita 5000, yaamara omu mwanya gwa 24 omu mpaka za Round 1, yaaremwa kuhika aha mpaka z'akamaririzo. Omu mizaano ya 2011 World Championships in Athletics akaremwa kuhika aha mpaka z'akamaririzo eza mita 5000. == Omurimo gw'okukora == Kiplimo akatandika kwiruka emizaano ya marathon omu marathon ya Rotterdam eya 2013, yaamara omu mwanya gwa ikumi na gumwe omu bwire bwa 2:09:23 eshaaha (obwire oburikukirayo oburungi oburikuhingura edakiika ina) bukaba omurundi gw'okubanza kwe kuhika omu bantu ikumi ab'okubanza omu mahanga goona.<ref>Nakamura, Ken (2014-02-02). [http://www.iaaf.org/news/report/abraham-kiplimo-beppu-oita-marathon-iaaf-silv Abraham Kiplimo gets biggest win of his career at the Beppu-Oita Marathon]. IAAF. Retrieved on 2014-02-23.</ref> Aha mizaano ya Commonwealth eya 2014, Kiplimo akasingura omudaari gwa kopa omuri Uganda omu misinde y'abashaija eya marathon, yaheza enyima ya Michael Shelley owa Australia na Stephen Kwelio Chemlany owa [[Wp/nyn/Kenya|Kenya]] omu bwire bwa 2:12:23 eshaaha. Egi ekaba eri omudaari gwa Kiplimo ogw'okubanza omu mahanga goona.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140728192952/http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/658073-kiplimo-wins-marathon-bronze-for-uganda-in-glasgow.html "Kiplimo wins marathon bronze for Uganda in Glasgow]". Archived from the original on 28 July 2014.</ref> == Reeba n'ebindi == * Moses Kipsiro * [[Wp/nyn/Abraham Chepkirwok|Abraham Chepkirwok]] == Ebyokureberaho == gezius3iwsqwq0tyrhxz281tjhwydjg 7255841 7255840 2026-07-19T19:39:16Z Ngabirano johnan 2662404 Grammatic correction 7255841 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Abraham Kiplimo''' akazarwa 14 Okwakana 1989 omuri Suam, Kapchorwa Disiturikiti, n'omunya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] orikwiruka engyendo ndaingwa.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120730151752/http://www.london2012.com/athlete/kiplimo-abraham-1043737/ "Abraham Kiplimo]". ''London 2012''. The London Organising Committee of the Olympic Games and Paralympic Games Limited. Archived from the original on 30 July 2012. Retrieved 11 September 2012.</ref> Omu mizaano ya 2012 Summer Olympics, akahakahakana omu mpaka z'abashaija eza mita 5000, yaamara omu mwanya gwa 24 omu mpaka za Round 1, yaaremwa kuhika aha mpaka z'akamaririzo. Omu mizaano ya 2011 World Championships in Athletics akaremwa kuhika aha mpaka z'akamaririzo eza mita 5000. == Omurimo gw'okukora == Kiplimo akatandika kwiruka emizaano ya marathon omu marathon ya Rotterdam eya 2013, yaamara omu mwanya gwa ikumi na gumwe omu bwire bwa 2:09:23 eshaaha (obwire oburikukirayo oburungi oburikuhingura edakiika ina) bukaba omurundi gw'okubanza kwe kuhika omu bantu ikumi ab'okubanza omu mahanga goona.<ref>Nakamura, Ken (2014-02-02). [http://www.iaaf.org/news/report/abraham-kiplimo-beppu-oita-marathon-iaaf-silv Abraham Kiplimo gets biggest win of his career at the Beppu-Oita Marathon]. IAAF. Retrieved on 2014-02-23.</ref> Aha mizaano ya Commonwealth eya 2014, Kiplimo akasingura omudaari gwa kopa omuri Uganda omu misinde y'abashaija eya marathon, yaheza enyima ya Michael Shelley owa Australia na Stephen Kwelio Chemlany owa [[Wp/nyn/Kenya|Kenya]] omu bwire bwa 2:12:23 eshaaha. Egi ekaba eri omudaari gwa Kiplimo ogw'okubanza omu mahanga goona.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140728192952/http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/658073-kiplimo-wins-marathon-bronze-for-uganda-in-glasgow.html "Kiplimo wins marathon bronze for Uganda in Glasgow]". Archived from the original on 28 July 2014.</ref> == Reeba n'ebindi == * Moses Kipsiro * [[Wp/nyn/Abraham Chepkirwok|Abraham Chepkirwok]] == Ebyokureberaho == e4la8p5b6t9ap7fesphcj8jtimvbkuj 0 3786870 7255722 7246364 2026-07-19T15:06:32Z Retkhaberi 2609544 /* ခါ */ 7255722 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wt/rki/ရခိုင်အက္ခရာစဉ်ဇယား}} ===[[Wt/rki/ခ|ခ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခကျယ်ကျယ်|ခကျယ်ကျယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခကျယ်ခဝန်း|ခကျယ်ခဝန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခကျဉ်း|ခကျဉ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခကျောက်|ခကျောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခကျောက်ရှည်|ခကျောက်ရှည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခကျိတ်သျှေ|ခကျိတ်သျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခခ|ခခ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခခုံးမှီ|ခခုံးမှီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခခုံးမှီခခုံးမွှား|ခခုံးမှီခခုံးမွှား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခချီးစောင်|ခချီးစောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနဲ့ခနဲ့|ခနဲ့ခနဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခခွေ|ခခွေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခချောခလောသီး|ခချောခလောသီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခချဉ်ချဉ်|ခချဉ်ချဉ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခချိုးခချဉ်|ခချိုးခချဉ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဂျိတ်သျှေ|ခဂျိတ်သျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခငယ်|ခငယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခစား|ခစား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခစားဝတ်တွား|ခစားဝတ်တွား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခစီခစပ်|ခစီခစပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခစပ်|ခစပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဆတ်|ခဆတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဆတ်ဆတ်|ခဆတ်ဆတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခညောင်း|ခညောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဏ|ခဏ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဏတာ|ခဏတာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဏတစ်ဖြတ်|ခဏတစ်ဖြတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဏတစ်ဖြုတ်|ခဏတစ်ဖြုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဏဟု|ခဏဟု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတည်တည်|ခတည်တည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတော်|ခတော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတင်သီး|ခတင်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတောက်|ခတောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတောင်း|ခတောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတိမ်း|ခတိမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတိမ်းခစောင်း|ခတိမ်းခစောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတိမ်းခယိမ်း|ခတိမ်းခယိမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတိမ်းခလိမ်း|ခတိမ်းခလိမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတို|ခတို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခထည်ထည်|ခထည်ထည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဒါ|ခဒါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဒုတ်|ခဒုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဒုတ်ပွင့်|ခဒုတ်ပွင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနီကြန်|ခနီကြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနီကြန့်|ခနီကြန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနီး|ခနီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနီးပါးသျှေ|ခနီးပါးသျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနု|ခနု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနူးခနပ်|ခနူးခနပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနဲ့|ခနဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနဲ့ခနိုး|ခနဲ့ခနိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနဲ့တေ့တေ့|ခနဲ့တေ့တေ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနက်|ခနက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနက်ကောင်း|ခနက်ကောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနက်ချဉ်|ခနက်ချဉ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနက်တောင်း|ခနက်တောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနက်ပျက်|ခနက်ပျက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနက်ယှင်း|ခနက်ယှင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနက်လိုက်|ခနက်လိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနောင့်|ခနောင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနောင်း|ခနောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနောင်းခနဲ့|ခနောင်းခနဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနုတ်|ခနုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနိမ့်ခမြင့်|ခနိမ့်ခမြင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနိမ့်ခနောင်း|ခနိမ့်ခနောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနိုးခနောင်း|ခနိုးခနောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပဲ|ခပဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပင်း|ခပင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပေါင်းခတ်|ခပေါင်းခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပျက်သိ|ခပျက်သိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပြူးတူး|ခပြူးတူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပြုံးခနဲ့|ခပြုံးခနဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပြုံးခရယ်|ခပြုံးခရယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပြုံးခရွှင်|ခပြုံးခရွှင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပြုံးခသွင်|ခပြုံးခသွင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပြုံးရယ်|ခပြုံးရယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဖော်သီခဖော်သွပ်|ခဖော်သီခဖော်သွပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဖော််သွပ်|ခဖော််သွပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဖြိုးခဖြီ|ခဖြိုးခဖြီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဗျာ|ခဗျာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမသာ|ခမသာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမီးခမက်|ခမီးခမက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမည်း|ခမည်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမည်းတောင်း|ခမည်းတောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမည်းပီး|ခမည်းပီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမည်းသင့်|ခမည်းသင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမည်းသမ်း|ခမည်းသမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမက်|ခမက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမောက်|ခမောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမောင်း|ခမောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမောင်းမျက်ဝီ|ခမောင်းမျက်ဝီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယ|ခယ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယယ|ခယယ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယဝယ|ခယဝယ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယက်ခယောက်|ခယက်ခယောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယင်ကြိမ်|ခယင်ကြိမ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယင်ဝါး|ခယင်ဝါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယောက်ခယား|ခယောက်ခယား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယောက်ခယမ်း|ခယောက်ခယမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယံဝါး|ခယံဝါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယှဲခဆုတ်|ခယှဲခဆုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရာမကျောက်တန်း|ခရာမကျောက်တန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရာဝ|ခရာဝ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရားစောက်|ခရားစောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီခရော|ခရီခရော]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီး|ခရီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးကြမ်း|ခရီးကြမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးကြုံ|ခရီးကြုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးခရော်|ခရီးခရော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးခေါင်|ခရီးခေါင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးချ|ခရီးချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးစရိတ်|ခရီးစရိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးစာ|ခရီးစာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးစဉ်|ခရီးစဉ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဆက်|ခရီးဆက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဆင်|ခရီးဆင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဆိုက်|ခရီးဆိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဆိုင်|ခရီးဆိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဆောင်|ခရီးဆောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဆန့်|ခရီးဆန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဆုံ|ခရီးဆုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးတောင်း|ခရီးတောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးတင်း|ခရီးတင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးတွင်|ခရီးတွင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးထင့်|ခရီးထင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးထစ်|ခရီးထစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးထောက်|ခရီးထောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးထွက်|ခရီးထွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဒဏ်|ခရီးဒဏ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဓွန့်|ခရီးဓွန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးနှင်|ခရီးနှင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးပေါက်|ခရီးပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးပန်း|ခရီးပန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးပြင်း|ခရီးပြင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဘေး|ခရီးဘေး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးမှောင့်|ခရီးမှောင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးရောက်|ခရီးရောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးရောက်မဆိုက်|ခရီးရောက်မဆိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးရပ်စောက်|ခရီးရပ်စောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးလွန်|ခရီးလွန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးသည်|ခရီးသည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးသွား|ခရီးသွား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဦးကြိုဆို|ခရီးဦးကြိုဆို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရု|ခရု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရုခရမ်း|ခရုခရမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရုခသံ|ခရုခသံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရုထွတ်|ခရုထွတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရုပေါ်|ခရုပေါ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရုပတ်|ခရုပတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရုပတ်ကောက်|ခရုပတ်ကောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရုပတ်လမ်း|ခရုပတ်လမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရုသင်း|ခရုသင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရူးခသွတ်|ခရူးခသွတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရဲကြန့်|ခရဲကြန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရည်းပျက်|ခရည်းပျက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရော်|ခရော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရင်း|ခရင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရင်းကြား|ခရင်းကြား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရစ်ရစ်|ခရစ်ရစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရိုင်|ခရိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရိုင်ရိုင်|ခရိုင်ရိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရိုင့်ရိုင့်|ခရိုင့်ရိုင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရောင်|ခရောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရောင့်ခရာ|ခရောင့်ခရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရောင့်ခရော|ခရောင့်ခရော]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရောင်း|ခရောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရိပ်ခသံ့|ခရိပ်ခသံ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရိပ်ရိပ်|ခရိပ်ရိပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရိပ်သျှေ|ခရိပ်သျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရုတ်ခရမ်း|ခရုတ်ခရမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရမ်းကစော့|ခရမ်းကစော့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရမ်းကောင်း|ခရမ်းကောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရမ်းချဉ်|ခရမ်းချဉ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရမ်းစိတ်ကေ|ခရမ်းစိတ်ကေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရမ်းသီးလက်ကောက်ပြောင်ပြောင်တောက်|ခရမ်းသီးလက်ကောက်ပြောင်ပြောင်တောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရို့ခရမ်း|ခရို့ခရမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရို့ရို့|ခရို့ရို့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရှားရှား|ခရှားရှား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလာ|ခလာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလာချိတ်|ခလာချိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလာမပြု|ခလာမပြု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလယ်|ခလယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလောင်း|ခလောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလောင်းပန်း|ခလောင်းပန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလောင်းသီး|ခလောင်းသီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလိမ်း|ခလိမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလုံး|ခလုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလုံးတိုက်|ခလုံးတိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလုတ်ခလဲ့|ခလုတ်ခလဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလွန်းသား|ခလွန်းသား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဝါ|ခဝါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဝါချ|ခဝါချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဝါရောင်|ခဝါရောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဝါသည်|ခဝါသည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဝဲသီး|ခဝဲသီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခသလာ|ခသလာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခသလက်|ခသလက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခသံ့ခဝါ|ခသံ့ခဝါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခသံ့သံ့|ခသံ့သံ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခသွေက|ခသွေက]] *[[Wt/rki/ခသွင်ခပြင်|ခသွင်ခပြင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခသွန်က|ခသွန်က]] *[[Wt/rki/ခအီးခကြင်|ခအီးခကြင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခအောင်းခါး|ခအောင်းခါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခအုံးခါး|ခအုံးခါး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခါ|ခါ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခါ|ခါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါကျူး|ခါကျူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါချီး|ခါချီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါချဉ်|ခါချဉ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါဂြစ်|ခါဂြစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါတော်ကျူး|ခါတော်ကျူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါတိုင်း|ခါတိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါချဉ်ထုပ်|ခါချဉ်ထုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါချဉ်အုံ|ခါချဉ်အုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါထွက်|ခါထွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါဗူးမှုန့်|ခါဗူးမှုန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါလီ|ခါလီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါလီကျ|ခါလီကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါသ|ခါသ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါသလီခါသလာ|ခါသလီခါသလာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါသီခါသာ|ခါသီခါသာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါသာ|ခါသာ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခါး|ခါး]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခါးကျိုး|ခါးကျိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးကျိုးဒွါဒရာ|ခါးကျိုးဒွါဒရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးခါးစီးစီး|ခါးခါးစီးစီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးခါးတီတီ|ခါးခါးတီတီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးခါးတီးတီး|ခါးခါးတီးတီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးခါးတက်တက်|ခါးခါးတက်တက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးခွ|ခါးခွ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးခွတင်|ခါးခွတင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးစည်း|ခါးစည်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးစည်းအင်္ကျီ|ခါးစည်းအင်္ကျီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးစောင်း|ခါးစောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးစောင်းတင်|ခါးစောင်းတင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးစောင်းထိုး|ခါးစောင်းထိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးဆီး|ခါးဆီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးဆီးကြို|ခါးဆီးကြို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးဆစ်|ခါးဆစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးဆစ်တင်|ခါးဆစ်တင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးဆွဲကြိုး|ခါးဆွဲကြိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးတောင်း|ခါးတောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးတောင်းကျိုက်|ခါးတောင်းကျိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးတောင်းကျပ်|ခါးတောင်းကျပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးတောင်းကျိတ်|ခါးတောင်းကျိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးတောင်းချိတ်|ခါးတောင်းချိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးတောင်းဆင်|ခါးတောင်းဆင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးတောင်းတင်|ခါးတောင်းတင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးတောင်းပင့်|ခါးတောင်းပင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးထပိန်သျှေ|ခါးထပိန်သျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးထပိန်အရွယ်|ခါးထပိန်အရွယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးထစ်|ခါးထစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးထစ်တင်|ခါးထစ်တင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပေါ်|ခါးပေါ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပေါ်ဒါး|ခါးပေါ်ဒါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပိုက်|ခါးပိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပိုက်ဆောင်|ခါးပိုက်ဆောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပိုက်ထုပ်|ခါးပိုက်ထုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပိုက်အိတ်|ခါးပိုက်အိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပတ်|ခါးပတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပန်း|ခါးပန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပန်းကြိုး|ခါးပန်းကြိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပန်းပိုး|ခါးပန်းပိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပုံ|ခါးပုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပုံစွန်း|ခါးပုံစွန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပျောက်ဝန်|ခါးပျောက်ဝန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပျောင်း|ခါးပျောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးယောက်|ခါးယောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးလယ်|ခါးလယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးသလက်|ခါးသလက်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခိ|ခိ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခီ|ခီ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခု|ခု]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခုတေခု|ခုတေခု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုခံ|ခုခံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုချင်း|ခုချင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုစိုက်တိုက်|ခုစိုက်တိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုဆင့်ခုလတ်|ခုဆင့်ခုလတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုဆတ်ခုလတ်|ခုဆတ်ခုလတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုတောင်က|ခုတောင်က]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုတုံးခံ|ခုတုံးခံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုထက်တောင်ပင်|ခုထက်တောင်ပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုနတင်|ခုနတင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုနိ|ခုနိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုနှစ်စဉ်ကြယ်|ခုနှစ်စဉ်ကြယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုနှစ်ရီမှာတစ်ရီမစပ်|ခုနှစ်ရီမှာတစ်ရီမစပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုနှစ်ရက်သားကြယ်|ခုနှစ်ရက်သားကြယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုနှစ်ရက်သားသမီး|ခုနှစ်ရက်သားသမီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုနှစ်|ခုနှစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုပင်|ခုပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုပင်လောက်ပင်|ခုပင်လောက်ပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုလီခုဆတ်|ခုလီခုဆတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုလီခုလု|ခုလီခုလု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုလီခုလတ်|ခုလီခုလတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုလီနှုတ်|ခုလီနှုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုလတ်|ခုလတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုလတ်ခုလတ်|ခုလတ်ခုလတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုလုံးခုလုံး|ခုလုံးခုလုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုသော်နောက်တောင်|ခုသော်နောက်တောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုသံက|ခုသံက]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုသံခါ|ခုသံခါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုသံခု|ခုသံခု]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခူ|ခူ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခူစာပင်|ခူစာပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခူစာငှက်|ခူစာငှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခူစံ|ခူစံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခူသျှိသျှူနာ|ခူသျှိသျှူနာ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခူး|ခူး]]=== ===[[Wt/rki/ခေ|ခေ]]=== ===[[Wt/rki/ခဲ|ခဲ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခဲကလောင်|ခဲကလောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲကိုင်|ခဲကိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲကပ်|ခဲကပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲကြွပ်|ခဲကြွပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲခီခဲခက်|ခဲခီခဲခက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲခဲမွိန့်|ခဲခဲမွိန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲခဲဝါ|ခဲခဲဝါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲခက်|ခဲခက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲခတ်|ခဲခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲတံ|ခဲတံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲဆစ်|ခဲဆစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲနက်|ခဲနက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲပုပ်|ခဲပုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲပြတ်|ခဲပြတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲပြတ်တစ်ခဲ|ခဲပြတ်တစ်ခဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲဖြေ|ခဲဖြေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲမကျီ|ခဲမကျီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲမဖြူ|ခဲမဖြူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲမလယော့|ခဲမလယော့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲယဉ်း|ခဲယဉ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲယမ်းမီးကျောက်|ခဲယမ်းမီးကျောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲရာ|ခဲရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲရာခဲဆစ်|ခဲရာခဲဆစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲလို့မွိန့်လို့|ခဲလို့မွိန့်လို့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲဝါ|ခဲဝါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲဝါကျား|ခဲဝါကျား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲအို|ခဲအို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယ်မ|ခယ်မ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခေါ|ခေါ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခေါခေါ|ခေါခေါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါခွက်|ခေါခွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါခွက်တောင်းပန်|ခေါခွက်တောင်းပန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါစာ|ခေါစာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါတင်|ခေါတင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါပစာ|ခေါပစာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါပစာထမင်း|ခေါပစာထမင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါပတာ|ခေါပတာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်|ခေါ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်ခေါ်ရော်ရော်|ခေါ်ခေါ်ရော်ရော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်ခေါ်ဝေါ်ဝေါ်|ခေါ်ခေါ်ဝေါ်ဝေါ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်ဆောင်|ခေါ်ဆောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်ဆို|ခေါ်ဆို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်တော|ခေါ်တော]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်တောင်း|ခေါ်တောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်တွင်|ခေါ်တွင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်ပုံ|ခေါ်ပုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်လို့ဝေါ်လို့|ခေါ်လို့ဝေါ်လို့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်ဝေါ်|ခေါ်ဝေါ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်ဝေါ်မကျီ|ခေါ်ဝေါ်မကျီ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခက်|ခက်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခက္ကရာ|ခက္ကရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်ခရော်|ခက်ခရော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်ခဲ|ခက်ခဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်ခက်ခဲခဲ|ခက်ခက်ခဲခဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်ခက်မက်မက်|ခက်ခက်မက်မက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်ဆစ်|ခက်ဆစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်ထော်|ခက်ထော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်မ|ခက်မ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်မငါးဖြာ|ခက်မငါးဖြာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်ရာခက်ဆစ်|ခက်ရာခက်ဆစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်လံ|ခက်လံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်လံဖျား|ခက်လံဖျား]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခင်|ခင်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခင်ကုန်း|ခင်ကုန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်ခင်|ခင်ခင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်စိုင်း|ခင်စိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်တွယ်|ခင်တွယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်ပလွီ|ခင်ပလွီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်ပွန်း|ခင်ပွန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်ပွန်းမွှန်း|ခင်ပွန်းမွှန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်ပွန်းသည်|ခင်ပွန်းသည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်မင်|ခင်မင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်ရိုးတန်း|ခင်ရိုးတန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်း|ခင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်းကျင်း|ခင်းကျင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်းခင်|ခင်းခင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်းစီ|ခင်းစီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်းပျဉ်|ခင်းပျဉ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခိုက်|ခိုက်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခိုက်ခိုက်တုန်|ခိုက်ခိုက်တုန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုက်ရန်|ခိုက်ရန်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခိုင်|ခိုင်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခိုင်ခံ့|ခိုင်ခံ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုင်မာ|ခိုင်မာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုင်မြဲ|ခိုင်မြဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုင်လုံ|ခိုင်လုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုင်း|ခိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုင်းစီ|ခိုင်းစီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုင်းသတ်|ခိုင်းသတ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်|ခေါက်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ကနဲ|ခေါက်ကနဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ကြောင်း|ခေါက်ကြောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ကွိ|ခေါက်ကွိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ခေါက်|ခေါက်ခေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ခေါက်ကျိုင်း|ခေါက်ခေါက်ကျိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ချင်း|ခေါက်ချင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ချိုး|ခေါက်ချိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်စား|ခေါက်စား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်တီခေါက်တက်|ခေါက်တီခေါက်တက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်တီခေါက်တောက်|ခေါက်တီခေါက်တောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်တုံ့|ခေါက်တုံ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်တုံ့ခေါက်ပြန်|ခေါက်တုံ့ခေါက်ပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်တုံ့ပီး|ခေါက်တုံ့ပီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်တုံ့ပြန်|ခေါက်တုံ့ပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ပြန်|ခေါက်ပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်မီ|ခေါက်မီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ယာ|ခေါက်ယာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ရက်|ခေါက်ရက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ရောက်|ခေါက်ရောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ရန်း|ခေါက်ရန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ရွှက်ယင့်|ခေါက်ရွှက်ယင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်သား|ခေါက်သား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်သီး|ခေါက်သီး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်|ခေါင်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ခတ်|ခေါင်ခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ခိုက်|ခေါင်ခိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ခေါက်|ခေါက်ခေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ခေါင်|ခေါက်ခေါင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ခေါင်ဖျားဖျား|ခေါက်ခေါင်ဖျားဖျား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ချိုးကစပ်တမ်း|ခေါင်ချိုးကစပ်တမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ချုပ်|ခေါင်ချုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်စီးရိုး|ခေါင်စီးရိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်စီးဝါး|ခေါင်စီးဝါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်စင်းအိမ်|ခေါင်စင်းအိမ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်စောက်|ခေါင်စောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ဆိုက်|ခေါင်ဆိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်တိုင်|ခေါင်တိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ပုပ်|ခေါင်ပုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ပိတ်|ခေါင်ပိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ပြန့်|ခေါင်ပြန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ဖိဝါး|ခေါင်ဖိဝါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ဖျား|ခေါင်ဖျား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ဖျားခိုက်|ခေါင်ဖျားခိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ဖျားဆိုက်|ခေါင်ဖျားဆိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်မိုး|ခေါင်မိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်မိုးချုပ်|ခေါင်မိုးချုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ရည်|ခေါင်ရည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ရောက်|ခေါင်ရောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ရိုး|ခေါင်ရိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ရိုးတန်း|ခေါင်ရိုးတန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်အုပ်|ခေါင်အုပ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်း|ခေါင်း]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းစီး|ခေါင်းစီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းစဉ်|ခေါင်းစဉ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းစပ်|ခေါင်းစပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းဆောင်|ခေါင်းဆောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းတကာ|ခေါင်းတကာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းတလာ|ခေါင်းတလာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းတာ|ခေါင်းတာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းပါး|ခေါင်းပါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းရောင်|ခေါင်းရောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းလောင်း|ခေါင်းလောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းလောင်းပန်း|ခေါင်းလောင်းပန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းသက်|ခေါင်းသက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းသွင်း|ခေါင်းသွင်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခတ်|ခတ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်ကွင်း|ခတ်ကွင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်ကျောက်တံ|ခတ်ကျောက်တံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်ကျောက်သီး|ခတ်ကျောက်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်ခတ်|ခတ်ခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်ခတ်လုပ်|ခတ်ခတ်လုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်တက်|ခတ်တက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်တင်|ခတ်တင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်တင်စည်|ခတ်တင်စည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်တိုင်|ခတ်တိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်တိုင်းငန်|ခတ်တိုင်းငန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်တိုင်လည်|ခတ်တိုင်လည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်နှိပ်|ခတ်နှိပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ္တာကြီး|ခတ္တာကြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ္တိယ|ခတ္တိယ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်|ခေတ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ကာလ|ခေတ်ကာလ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ကောင်း|ခေတ်ကောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ကုန်|ခေတ်ကုန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ကြို|ခေတ်ကြို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်စား|ခေတ်စား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ဆန်|ခေတ်ဆန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ဆိုးခေတ်ယုတ်|ခေတ်ဆိုးခေတ်ယုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်နောက်ကျ|ခေတ်နောက်ကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်နှောင်း|ခေတ်နှောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ပေါ်|ခေတ်ပေါ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ပျက်|ခေတ်ပျက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ပြိုင်|ခေတ်ပြိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ပြောင်း|ခေတ်ပြောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်မီ|ခေတ်မီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်လယ်|ခေတ်လယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်သစ်|ခေတ်သစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်သုဉ်း|ခေတ်သုဉ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ဟောင်း|ခေတ်ဟောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ဦး|ခေတ်ဦး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ္တ|ခေတ္တ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခပ်|ခပ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခပ်စက်|ခပ်စက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပ်စက်ခံ|ခပ်စက်ခံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပ်ဆီး|ခပ်ဆီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပ်ဆိပ်|ခပ်ဆိပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပ်တဆိတ်|ခပ်တဆိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပ်ဖုသီခပ်ဖုသွပ်|ခပ်ဖုသီခပ်ဖုသွပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပ်လှည့်မပီး|ခပ်လှည့်မပီး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခုတ်|ခုတ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခုတ်ခုတ်ကုတ်ကုတ်|ခုတ်ခုတ်ကုတ်ကုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုတ်ထွင်|ခုတ်ထွင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုပ်|ခုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုပ်ထောင်|ခုပ်ထောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုပ်ပိ|ခုပ်ပိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုပ်ပိသျှေ|ခုပ်ပိသျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုပ်ဖိ|ခုပ်ဖိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုပ်ဘိ|ခုပ်ဘိ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခံ|ခံ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခံစား|ခံစား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံစစ်|ခံစစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံဆွမ်း|ခံဆွမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံတပ်|ခံတပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံနိုင်ရည်|ခံနိုင်ရည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံပျင်း|ခံပျင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံယူ|ခံယူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံယူချက်|ခံယူချက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံရပ်|ခံရပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံသာ|ခံသာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံသာပန်သာ|ခံသာပန်သာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံသိခံသာ|ခံသိခံသာ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခံ့|ခံ့]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခန္တါ|ခန္တါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္တှီ|ခန္တှီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္ဓာ|ခန္ဓာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္ဓာကိုယ်|ခန္ဓာကိုယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္ဓာကြွီ(ကြွေ)|ခန္ဓာကြွီ(ကြွေ)]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္ဓာချ|ခန္ဓာချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္ဓာဇတ်သိမ်း|ခန္ဓာဇတ်သိမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္ဓာပြောင်း|ခန္ဓာပြောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္ဓာရှို့(ရှေ့)|ခန္ဓာရှို့(ရှေ့)]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္ဓာဝန်|ခန္ဓာဝန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္ဓာဝန်ချ|ခန္ဓာဝန်ချ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခန့်|ခန့်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်ခန့်|ခန့်ခန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်ခန့်ညားညား|ခန့်ခန့်ညားညား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်ချက်|ခန့်ချက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်ခွဲ|ခန့်ခွဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်စာ|ခန့်စာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်စာနာ|ခန့်စာနာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်ညား|ခန့်ညား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်ထား|ခန့်ထား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်မှန်း|ခန့်မှန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်မှန်းချက်|ခန့်မှန်းချက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်မှန်းခြေ|ခန့်မှန်းခြေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်အပ်|ခန့်အပ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခန်း|ခန်း]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခန်းဆီး|ခန်းဆီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန်းဆောင်|ခန်းဆောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန်းနေ|ခန်းနေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန်းမ|ခန်းမ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန်းမကြီး|ခန်းမကြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန်းလုံ|ခန်းလုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန်းဝါ|ခန်းဝါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန်းဝင်ခ|ခန်းဝင်ခ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန်းဝင်ပစ္စည်း|ခန်းဝင်ပစ္စည်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမ်းနား|ခမ်းနား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမ်းနားကြီးကျယ်|ခမ်းနားကြီးကျယ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခုံ|ခုံ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခုံခင်း|ခုံခင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံခုံမင်မင်|ခုံခုံမင်မင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံတင်နာရီ|ခုံတင်နာရီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံတိုင်|ခုံတိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံတစ်ယင်|ခုံတစ်ယင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံတောက်|ခုံတောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံတောက်ငှက်|ခုံတောက်ငှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံတောက်ဆောက်|ခုံတောက်ဆောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံတန်း|ခုံတန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံတန်းရှည်|ခုံတန်းရှည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံပီခုံပင်|ခုံပီခုံပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံပင်|ခုံပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံပုတ်ငှက်|ခုံပုတ်ငှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံဖိနပ်|ခုံဖိနပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံမင်|ခုံမင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံရုံး|ခုံရုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံလူကြီး|ခုံလူကြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံလယားရှည်|ခုံလယားရှည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံသမက်|ခုံသမက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုန်|ခုန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုန်ကျော်|ခုန်ကျော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုန်ချ|ခုန်ချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုန်ဆွဆွ|ခုန်ဆွဆွ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုန်ပေါက်|ခုန်ပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုန်လွှား|ခုန်လွှား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုန်းတိုင်|ခုန်းတိုင်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခို|ခို]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခိုကတ်|ခိုကတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုကပ်|ခိုကပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုကိုး|ခိုကိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုခွက်|ခိုခွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုခွက်တောင်းပြန်|ခိုခွက်တောင်းပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုစံ|ခိုစံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုတဲ|ခိုတဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုနန်းဆောင်|ခိုနန်းဆောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုမြန်း|ခိုမြန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုမှီး|ခိုမှီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုရောက်|ခိုရောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုလှုံ့|ခိုလှုံ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုဝင်|ခိုဝင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုအောင်း|ခိုအောင်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခို့|ခို့]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခိုး|ခိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးကြောင်|ခိုးကြောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးကြောင်ဝှက်ကြောင်|ခိုးကြောင်ဝှက်ကြောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးကြောင်မြွီ|ခိုးကြောင်မြွီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးချ|ခိုးချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးစားဝှက်စား|ခိုးစားဝှက်စား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးမှု|ခိုးမှု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးယူ|ခိုးယူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးရာပါပစ္စည်း|ခိုးရာပါပစ္စည်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးရာလိုက်|ခိုးရာလိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးဝှက်|ခိုးဝှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးသားကြယ်|ခိုးသားကြယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးသားဓါးမြ|ခိုးသားဓါးမြ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးသူ|ခိုးသူ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချ့|ချ့]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချခရော်ပြန်|ချခရော်ပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချ့ခုံ|ချ့ခုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချတောက်လက်ခတ်|ချတောက်လက်ခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချတံ|ချတံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဒိုးချဒါ|ချဒိုးချဒါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချနားမတီ|ချနားမတီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချပုတ်ခတ်|ချပုတ်ခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချပိတ်|ချပိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချပိတ်ဆုံး|ချပိတ်ဆုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချပြောင်းချပြန်|ချပြောင်းချပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချမတ|ချမတ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချမှတ်|ချမှတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချရား|ချရား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချရားစိတွင်းကျ|ချရားစိတွင်းကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချရားဖြူ|ချရားဖြူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချလူးချလာ|ချလူးချလာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချ့လက်တံ|ချ့လက်တံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချလောင်းချလာ|ချလောင်းချလာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချလှည့်|ချလှည့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဝါသန်|ချဝါသန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဝမ်းသန်|ချဝမ်းသန်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချာ|ချာ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချာကနဲ|ချာကနဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာချာလည်|ချာချာလည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာချိဝမ်|ချာချိဝမ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာတာလန်|ချာတာလန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာတူးလန်|ချာတူးလန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာတိုင်|ချာတိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာမ|ချာမ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာယောပင်|ချာယောပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာရေ|ချာရေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာလပတ်ရည်|ချာလပတ်ရည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာလပတ်လည်|ချာလပတ်လည်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချိ|ချိ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချိနဲ့|ချိနဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိချိပါးပါး|ချိချိပါးပါး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချီ|ချီ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချီဆတ်|ချီဆတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီတစ်ကြောင်းဆတ်တစ်ကြောင်း|ချီတစ်ကြောင်းဆတ်တစ်ကြောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီတက်|ချီတက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီတုံတစ်ခါချတုံတစ်ခေါက်|ချီတုံတစ်ခါချတုံတစ်ခေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီတုံတစ်ခါချတုံတစ်လှည့်|ချီတုံတစ်ခါချတုံတစ်လှည့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီတုံချတုံ|ချီတုံချတုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီဖား|ချီဖား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီယေပင်|ချီယေပင်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချီး|ချီး]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကပ်|ချီးကပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကန်|ချီးကန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကန်သီးကန်|ချီးကန်သီးကန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကိုင်း|ချီးကိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကိုင်းတံ|ချီးကိုင်းတံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကျူး|ချီးကျူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကြောက်ပူ|ချီးကြောက်ပူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကြောက်ယို|ချီးကြောက်ယို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကြောက်သီးကြောက်|ချီးကြောက်သီးကြောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကြောက်သန်|ချီးကြောက်သန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးခပ်သီးခပ်|ချီးခပ်သီးခပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးငေါင်ရိုး|ချီးငေါင်ရိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးငန်းလိုက်|ချီးငန်းလိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးငှား|ချီးငှား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးစားဇရက်|ချီးစားဇရက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးစားမီးရှူး|ချီးစားမီးရှူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးစိုက်|ချီးစိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးစိုက်ငတ်|ချီးစိုက်ငတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးစိုက်မွတ်|ချီးစိုက်မွတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးတန်းသွယ်|ချီးတန်းသွယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးထူ|ချီးထူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးထုပ်ပွင့်|ချီးထုပ်ပွင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးဒုံသျှေ|ချီးဒုံသျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးနုယို|ချီးနုယို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးနှီးပိုင်း|ချီးနှီးပိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးနှီးဖဲ့|ချီးနှီးဖဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးနှီးဟပ်|ချီးနှီးဟပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးနှစ်ပုတ်|ချီးနှစ်ပုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပါစား|ချီးပါစား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပါထမ်း|ချီးပါထမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပါရွက်|ချီးပါရွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပါသီးပါ|ချီးပါသီးပါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပု|ချီးပု]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပူး|ချီးပူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပူးမ|ချီးပူးမ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပင့်|ချီးပင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပေါက်|ချီးပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပေါက်မပိုး|ချီးပေါက်မပိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပေါက်ဝမ်းသန်|ချီးပေါက်ဝမ်းသန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပေါက်သန်|ချီးပေါက်သန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပေါက်အောက်မြစ်|ချီးပေါက်အောက်မြစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပုံးဂါရီ|ချီးပုံးဂါရီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပိုးထိုး|ချီးပိုးထိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးဖေါင်သာ|ချီးဖေါင်သာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးဖတ်|ချီးဖတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးဖြိန့်တုန်|ချီးဖြိန့်တုန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးများ|ချီးများ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးမွမ်း|ချီးမွမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးမွမ်းကန်ကျောက်|ချီးမွမ်းကန်ကျောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးမွမ်းကွန်နန့်ချောက်ထဲတွန်းချ|ချီးမွမ်းကွန်နန့်ချောက်ထဲတွန်းချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးမြှောက်|ချီးမြှောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးယိုအိမ်|ချီးယိုအိမ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးရောသီးရော|ချီးရောသီးရော]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးရောသီးပါ|ချီးရောသီးပါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးလူးသီးလူး|ချီးလူးသီးလူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးလုံးသေးလုံး|ချီးလုံးသေးလုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးဝမ်းပူ|ချီးဝမ်းပူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးဝမ်းသန်|ချီးဝမ်းသန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးသီးစင်|ချီးသီးစင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးသီးယို|ချီးသီးယို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးသီးအန်|ချီးသီးအန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးအူပေါက်|ချီးအူပေါက်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချူ|ချူ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချူချာဗါကျာ|ချူချာဗါကျာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချူချူပေါက်|ချူချူပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချူတံပစ်|ချူတံပစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချူနာကျ|ချူနာကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချူနာထ|ချူနာထ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချူပေါက်|ချူပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချူး|ချူး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချေ|ချေ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချေဆို|ချေဆို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချေပ|ချေပ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချေဖျက်|ချေဖျက်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချဲ့|ချဲ့]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချဲ့ထွင်|ချဲ့ထွင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချယ်|ချယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချယ်မွှန်း|ချယ်မွှန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချယ်လှယ်|ချယ်လှယ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချော|ချော]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချောကနဲ|ချောကနဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောကရောသီး|ချောကရောသီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောကလောသီး|ချောကလောသီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောကလက်သီး|ချောကလက်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောကုန်း|ချောကုန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောကျ|ချောကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောကျိ|ချောကျိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောချ|ချောချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောချူ|ချောချူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောချောကျိကျိ|ချောချောကျိကျိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောချောမောမော|ချောချောမောမော]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောချောလေ့လေ့|ချောချောလေ့လေ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောချောသီး|ချောချောသီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောညက်|ချောညက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောတောက်သီး|ချောတောက်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောတိုင်|ချောတိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောတုတ်သီး|ချောတုတ်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောတံ|ချောတံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောထီချောထုတ်|ချောထီချောထုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောပစ်|ချောပစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောမော|ချောမော]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောမွေ့|ချောမွေ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောရာ|ချောရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောလောသီး|ချောလောသီး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချော့|ချော့]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချော့ကလူ|ချော့ကလူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချော့ချလိုက်|ချော့ချလိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချော့မော့|ချော့မော့]] *[[Wt/rki/ချော်|ချော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချော်ချိချော်ချော်|ချော်ချိချော်ချော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချော်ချောင်း|ချော်ချောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချော်တီချော်တော|ချော်တီချော်တော]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောထိချော်ထော်|ချောထိချော်ထော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချော်လဲ|ချော်လဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချော်သီချော်သက်|ချော်သီချော်သက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချော်သက်|ချော်သက်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချက်|ချက်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ကောင်း|ချက်ကောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ကျ|ချက်ကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ကျပက်ကျ|ချက်ကျပက်ကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ကျလက်ကျ|ချက်ကျလက်ကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ကျောက်|ချက်ကျောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ကြိုး|ချက်ကြိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ကြွီ|ချက်ကြွီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ကြွီမြီ|ချက်ကြွီမြီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ကြွီရပ်|ချက်ကြွီရပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ခဖြုတ်|ချက်ခဖြုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ခရိုင်|ချက်ခရိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ခလှည့်ခံ|ချက်ခလှည့်ခံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ချာ|ချက်ချာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ချင်း|ချက်ချင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်စီလက်စီ|ချက်စီလက်စီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်စူ|ချက်စူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ဆို|ချက်ဆို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်တလတ်|ချက်တလတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်တိုင်|ချက်တိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်တံ|ချက်တံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်တံစ|ချက်တံစ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်နက်|ချက်နက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ပိုင်|ချက်ပိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ပြုတ်|ချက်ပြုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ပြုတ်တစ်|ချက်ပြုတ်တစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်မ|ချက်မ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်မြှုပ်|ချက်မြှုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်မြှုပ်မြီ|ချက်မြှုပ်မြီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်လက်သိ|ချက်လက်သိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်သို|ချက်သို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်အရက်|ချက်အရက်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချင်|ချင်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချင်ချင်|ချင်ချင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်ခြင်း|ချင်ခြင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်ဆီ|ချင်ဆီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်တိုင်း|ချင်တိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်မိချင်ရာ|ချင်မိချင်ရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်ရာ|ချင်ရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်ရေ|ချင်ရေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်ရေဆီ|ချင်ရေဆီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်သမျှ|ချင်သမျှ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်သရိ|ချင်သရိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်သရွိ|ချင်သရွိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင့်|ချင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင့်ချိန်|ချင့်ချိန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင့်ဆ|ချင့်ဆ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင့်တွေး|ချင့်တွေး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင့်ထောက်|ချင့်ထောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင့်ပုံ|ချင့်ပုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်း|ချင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်းခို|ချင်းခို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်းစိမ်း|ချင်းစိမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်းမမျက်နှာ|ချင်းမမျက်နှာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်းယင်း|ချင်းယင်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချစ်|ချစ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ကောင်းထမန်း|ချစ်ကောင်းထမန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ကောင်းဘနန်း|ချစ်ကောင်းဘနန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ကြိုက်|ချစ်ကြိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ကြည်ရေး|ချစ်ကြည်ရေး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ကြိုး|ချစ်ကြိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ကြိုးနှောင်|ချစ်ကြိုးနှောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ကျွမ်း၀င်|ချစ်ကျွမ်း၀င်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ခင်|ချစ်ခင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ချစ်ပူ|ချစ်ချစ်ပူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်စ|ချစ်စ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်စနိုး|ချစ်စနိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်စဖွယ်|ချစ်စဖွယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်တရာ|ချစ်တရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်တင်းဆို|ချစ်တင်းဆို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်တင်းနှော|ချစ်တင်းနှော]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်မပြယ်|ချစ်မပြယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်မက်|ချစ်မက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ယောင်ကား|ချစ်ယောင်ကား]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်|ချိုင်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်ကြိုး|ချိုင်ကြိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်|ချိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင့်ခွက်|ချိုင့်ခွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင့်ဝှမ်း|ချိုင့်ဝှမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်း|ချိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်းချိုင်းကြက်ကြက်|ချိုင်းချိုင်းကြက်ကြက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်းချိုင်းစိမ့်စိမ့်|ချိုင်းချိုင်းစိမ့်စိမ့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်းချိုင်းသာသာ|ချိုင်းချိုင်းသာသာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်းမြသာယာ|ချိုင်းမြသာယာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်းသာ|ချိုင်းသာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်းသာပီး|ချိုင်းသာပီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်းအီး|ချိုင်းအီး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်|ချဉ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ကြွ|ချဉ်ကြွ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ချောင်း|ချဉ်ချောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ချောင်းချောင်း|ချဉ်ချောင်းချောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်စုတ်စုတ်|ချဉ်စုတ်စုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ပေါက်|ချဉ်ပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ပေါင်|ချဉ်ပေါင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ပိုး|ချဉ်ပိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ပြွတ်ကေပင်|ချဉ်ပြွတ်ကေပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ဖတ်|ချဉ်ဖတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ရည်|ချဉ်ရည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်သီး|ချဉ်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ဟင်းရည်|ချဉ်ဟင်းရည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်အက်|ချဉ်အက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်း|ချဉ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်းကပ်|ချဉ်းကပ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချောက်|ချောက်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်ကမ်းပါး|ချောက်ကမ်းပါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်ကျ|ချောက်ကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်ကြား|ချောက်ကြား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်ခေါင်း|ချောက်ခေါင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်ချ|ချောက်ချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်ချား|ချောက်ချား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်ချောက်ချားချား|ချောက်ချောက်ချားချား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်ခွက်|ချောက်ခွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်ထီးချောက်ထား|ချောက်ထီးချောက်ထား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်တွန်း|ချောက်တွန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်|ချောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်ကလည်ကြောင်ပတ်|ချောင်ကလည်ကြောင်ပတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်ကပ်|ချောင်ကပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်ကုပ်|ချောင်ကုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်ကျ|ချောင်ကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်ခို|ချောင်ခို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်ချိ|ချောင်ချိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်ချောင်ချိချိ|ချောင်ချောင်ချိချိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်ထိုး|ချောင်ထိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်ချောင်လည်လည်|ချောင်ချောင်လည်လည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်း|ချောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းကျ|ချောင်းကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းကြည့်|ချောင်းကြည့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းကြိုချောင်းကြား|ချောင်းကြိုချောင်းကြား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းကြိုမြောင်းကြား|ချောင်းကြိုမြောင်းကြား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းခွ|ချောင်းခွ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းငင်|ချောင်းငင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းစီး|ချောင်းစီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းစောက်|ချောင်းစောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းဆုံ|ချောင်းဆုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းတက်|ချောင်းတက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းတိမ်|ချောင်းတိမ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းနားဟင်း|ချောင်းနားဟင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းဖက်|ချောင်းဖက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းမြောင်း|ချောင်းမြောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းရဲ|ချောင်းရဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းရိုး|ချောင်းရိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းသားစပါး|ချောင်းသားစပါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းဦးတို|ချောင်းဦးတို]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချပ်|ချပ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချပ်ချပ်သီး|ချပ်ချပ်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချပ်တစ်ရာ|ချပ်တစ်ရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချပ်ဝတ်အင်္ကျီ|ချပ်ဝတ်အင်္ကျီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိတ်|ချိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိတ်ကောက်|ချိတ်ကောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိတ်ချိတ်|ချိတ်ချိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိတ်ချွတ်|ချိတ်ချွတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိတ်စ|ချိတ်စ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိတ်ဆက်|ချိတ်ဆက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိတ်ပိုင်|ချိတ်ပိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိတ်လတ်|ချိတ်လတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိတ်သျှင်|ချိတ်သျှင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိပ်|ချိပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုပ်|ချုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုပ်ကိုင်|ချုပ်ကိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုပ်ချုပ်|ချုပ်ချုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုပ်ဂေါင်းပေါင်း|ချုပ်ဂေါင်းပေါင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုပ်စာ|ချုပ်စာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုပ်ဆို|ချုပ်ဆို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုပ်တည်း|ချုပ်တည်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုပ်ပေါင်း|ချုပ်ပေါင်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချန်|ချန်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချန်ထား|ချန်ထား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချန်လှပ်|ချန်လှပ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချမ်း|ချမ်း]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချမ်းချမ်းကြက်ကြက်|ချမ်းချမ်းကြက်ကြက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်|ချိန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်ကိုက်|ချိန်ကိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်စာကိုက်|ချိန်စာကိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်ဆ|ချိန်ဆ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်တွက်|ချိန်တွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်ရွယ်|ချိန်ရွယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်သီး|ချိန်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်း|ချိန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်းဆို|ချိန်းဆို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်းမ|ချိန်းမ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချုံ|ချုံ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချုံမိ|ချုံမိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုံ့|ချုံ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုံး|ချုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုံးချုံးကျ|ချုံးချုံးကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချို|ချို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုချောင်း|ချိုချောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုချို|ချိုချို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုချိုသာသာ|ချိုချိုသာသာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုချိုး|ချိုချိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုပိချိုပင်|ချိုပိချိုပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုပေါ့ပေါ့|ချိုပေါ့ပေါ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုပျက်ပျက်|ချိုပျက်ပျက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုပြပြ|ချိုပြပြ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုပြုံး|ချိုပြုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုမြက်မြက်|ချိုမြက်မြက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုမြိန့်မြိန့်|ချိုမြိန့်မြိန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုရေသီး|ချိုရေသီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုသာ|ချိုသာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုအီး|ချိုအီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုအီးအီး|ချိုအီးအီး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချို့|ချို့]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချို့တဲ့|ချို့တဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ချို့ထက်ဝက်|ချို့ထက်ဝက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချို့ယွင်း|ချို့ယွင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုး|ချိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုးခရွက်|ချိုးခရွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုးဆိတ်|ချိုးဆိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုးနှိမ်|ချိုးနှိမ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုးဖဲ့|ချိုးဖဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုးဖေါက်|ချိုးဖေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုးဖျက်|ချိုးဖျက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုးရီ|ချိုးရီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုးသွင်း|ချိုးသွင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြ|ခြ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြကိုက်|ခြကိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြကိုက်ခံ|ခြကိုက်ခံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြကျစ်|ခြကျစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြကျိတ်သျှ|ခြကျိတ်သျှ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြခေါင်း|ခြခေါင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြခတ်|ခြခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြချိတ်သျှေ|ခြချိတ်သျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြခြ|ခြခြ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြခြပူ|ခြခြပူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြခြသျှေ|ခြခြသျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြစား|ခြစား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြတက်|ခြတက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြပိုးတက်|ခြပိုးတက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြမည်း|ခြမည်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြသံ|ခြသံ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြာ|ခြာ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြာချဉ်|ခြာချဉ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြာခြာ|ခြာခြာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြာခြာကွဲ|ခြာခြာကွဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြာခြာပူ|ခြာခြာပူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြား|ခြား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြားခြား|ခြားခြား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြားခြားနားနား|ခြားခြားနားနား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြားနား|ခြားနား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြားနားခြင်း|ခြားနားခြင်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြိ|ခြိ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြိပီး|ခြိပီး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြီ|ခြီ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကထောင်|ခြီကထောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကုပ်|ခြီကုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကောက်|ခြီကောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကန်လက်ကန်|ခြီကန်လက်ကန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကန်လန်လက်ကန်လန်|ခြီကန်လန်လက်ကန်လန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျ|ခြီကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျလက်ပန်း|ခြီကျလက်ပန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျီး|ခြီကျီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျင်|ခြီကျင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျင်း|ခြီကျင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျင်းခတ်|ခြီကျင်းခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျင်းဝတ်|ခြီကျင်းဝတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျဉ်|ခြီကျဉ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျဉ်း|ခြီကျဉ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျဉ်းခတ်|ခြီကျဉ်းခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျောက်|ခြီကျောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျောက်ကန်|ခြီကျောက်ကန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျောက်ရှည်|ခြီကျောက်ရှည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျွ|ခြီကျွ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျွံလက်ကျွံ|ခြီကျွံလက်ကျွံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီခါလက်ခါ|ခြီခါလက်ခါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီခင်းလက်ငင်|ခြီခင်းလက်ငင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီခေါင်လက်ခေါင်|ခြီခေါင်လက်ခေါင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီခေါင်း|ခြီခေါင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီခေါင်းတက်|ခြီခေါင်းတက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီခုံ|ခြီခုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျလက်ကျ|ခြီကျလက်ကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီချီ|ခြီချီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီချီခ|ခြီချီခ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီချော်လက်ချော်|ခြီချော်လက်ချော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီချင်း|ခြီချင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီချင်းခတ်|ခြီချင်းခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီချင်းထပ်|ခြီချင်းထပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီချင်းလိမ်|ခြီချင်းလိမ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီချုပ်ထား|ခြီချုပ်ထား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီခြီငံငံ|ခြီခြီငံငံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီခွင်|ခြီခွင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဂေါ်ယာ|ခြီဂေါ်ယာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဂေါ်ယာလက်ဂေါ်ယာ|ခြီဂေါ်ယာလက်ဂေါ်ယာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီငုတ်လက်စ|ခြီငုတ်လက်စ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီငံ|ခြီငံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီငံလက်ငံ|ခြီငံလက်ငံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစလက်ငုတ်|ခြီစလက်ငုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစင်း|ခြီစင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစင်းလက်စင်း|ခြီစင်းလက်စင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစမ်း|ခြီစမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစုံ|ခြီစုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစုံလက်စုံ|ခြီစုံလက်စုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစုံကန်|ခြီစုံကန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစွယ်|ခြီစွယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစွယ်ငုတ်|ခြီစွယ်ငုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစွပ်|ခြီစွပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစွမ်းခြီစ|ခြီစွမ်းခြီစ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဆင့်|ခြီဆင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဆစ်လက်ဆစ်သီ|ခြီဆစ်လက်ဆစ်သီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဆုပ်လက်နယ်|ခြီဆုပ်လက်နယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဆန့်လက်ဆန့်|ခြီဆန့်လက်ဆန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဆုံးနပန်း|ခြီဆုံးနပန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဆွ့လက်ဆွ့|ခြီဆွ့လက်ဆွ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဆွံ့လက်ဆွံ့|ခြီဆွံ့လက်ဆွံ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီညောင်းလက်ဆန့်|ခြီညောင်းလက်ဆန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီညှိုး|ခြီညှိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတစ်ပေါင်ပဲ့|ခြီတစ်ပေါင်ပဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတားလက်တား|ခြီတားလက်တား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတော်တင်|ခြီတော်တင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတော်ရာ|ခြီတော်ရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတင်ဂေါင်းအုံး|ခြီတင်ဂေါင်းအုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတင်လက်တင်|ခြီတင်လက်တင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတင်လက်ယှက်|ခြီတင်လက်ယှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတင်သုတ်|ခြီတင်သုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတို|ခြီတို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတိုလက်တို|ခြီတိုလက်တို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီထားလက်ထား|ခြီထားလက်ထား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီထောက်|ခြီထောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီထောက်ဆွဲ|ခြီထောက်ဆွဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီထိပ်ပေါက်|ခြီထိပ်ပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီထုံ|ခြီထုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီထိုး|ခြီထိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီထွန်ထွန်လက်ထွန်ထွန်|ခြီထွန်ထွန်လက်ထွန်ထွန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဒိုးလက်|ခြီဒိုးလက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီနင်း|ခြီနင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီနင်းစက်ဘီး|ခြီနင်းစက်ဘီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီနင်းဖတ်စာ|ခြီနင်းဖတ်စာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီနိုင်လက်နိုင်|ခြီနိုင်လက်နိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီနှာရောင်|ခြီနှာရောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီပူး|ခြီပူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီပစ်လက်ပစ်|ခြီပစ်လက်ပစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီပစ်လက်ပစ်ကျ|ခြီပစ်လက်ပစ်ကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီပေါက်|ခြီပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီပေါက်လက်ပေါက်|ခြီပေါက်လက်ပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီပုန်း|ခြီပုန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီပုန်းတိုက်|ခြီပုန်းတိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီပျက်လိုက်|ခြီပျက်လိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီပြင်းတိုက်|ခြီပြင်းတိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဖနောင့်|ခြီဖနောင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဖဝါး|ခြီဖဝါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဖျား|ခြီဖျား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဖျားထောက်|ခြီဖျားထောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဖျားသိန်|ခြီဖျားသိန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမ|ခြီမ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမကိုင်တတ်လက်မကိုင်တတ်|ခြီမကိုင်တတ်လက်မကိုင်တတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမကြိုး|ခြီမကြိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမဆီးပုစွန်|ခြီမဆီးပုစွန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမနိုင်လက်မနိုင်|ခြီမနိုင်လက်မနိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမျက်စိ|ခြီမျက်စိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမဦးတည်ရာ|ခြီမဦးတည်ရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမျက်ဆစ်|ခြီမျက်ဆစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမျက်ဖု|ခြီမျက်ဖု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမြန်|ခြီမြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမြန်တပ်|ခြီမြန်တပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမြန်လက်မြန်|ခြီမြန်လက်မြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမွ|ခြီမွ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမွီးရောင်|ခြီမွီးရောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီယှုပ်|ခြီယှုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာ|ခြီရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာကောက်|ခြီရာကောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာခံ|ခြီရာခံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာစစ်|ခြီရာစစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာတိုင်း|ခြီရာတိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာနင်း|ခြီရာနင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာပျောက်|ခြီရာပျောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာပွား|ခြီရာပွား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာလက်ရာ|ခြီရာလက်ရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာလက်ရာပျောက်|ခြီရာလက်ရာပျောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရိ|ခြီရိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရင်း|ခြီရင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရင်းမြစ်ရင်း|ခြီရင်းမြစ်ရင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရှည်|ခြီရှည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလီးလက်လီး|ခြီလီးလက်လီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလီးလက်ဝန်|ခြီလီးလက်ဝန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလယ်|ခြီလယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလိမ်ချိတ်|ခြီလိမ်ချိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလွန်လက်လွန်|ခြီလွန်လက်လွန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလှမ်းကြီး|ခြီလှမ်းကြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလှမ်းပျက်|ခြီလှမ်းပျက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလှမ်းပျင်|ခြီလှမ်းပျင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလှမ်းပြင်း|ခြီလှမ်းပြင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလှမ်းမှား|ခြီလှမ်းမှား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသကျဉ်း|ခြီသကျဉ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသကျဉ်းအိမ်တိုင်|ခြီသကျဉ်းအိမ်တိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသာ|ခြီသာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသူကြွယ်|ခြီသူကြွယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသီလက်ညောင်း|ခြီသီလက်ညောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသီလက်သီ|ခြီသီလက်သီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသည်သူရဲ|ခြီသည်သူရဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသည်းလက်သည်း|ခြီသည်းလက်သည်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသောင်|ခြီသောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသုတ်ပုဆိုး|ခြီသုတ်ပုဆိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသံလက်သံ|ခြီသံလက်သံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသန်း|ခြီသန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသွက်လက်သွက်|ခြီသွက်လက်သွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသွင်|ခြီသွင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဟန်လက်ဟန်|ခြီဟန်လက်ဟန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဟုန်တိုက်|ခြီဟုန်တိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဦးပေါက်ရာ|ခြီဦးပေါက်ရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဦးလှည့်|ခြီဦးလှည့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီး|ခြီး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြူ|ခြူ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြူချီခြူယှက်|ခြူချီခြူယှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြာ|ခြူခြာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြာဖာသား|ခြူခြာဖာသား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြာဗါဂျာ|ခြူခြာဗါဂျာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြာမရ|ခြူခြာမရ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြာယှက်|ခြူခြာယှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြာယှုပ်|ခြူခြာယှုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြူယှုပ်ယှက်|ခြူခြူယှုပ်ယှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြာသက်|ခြူခြာသက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြီခြူခြာ|ခြူခြီခြူခြာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြီခြူခြတ်|ခြူခြီခြူခြတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြူ|ခြူခြူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြူခြာခြာ|ခြူခြူခြာခြာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြူယှက်ယှက်|ခြူခြူယှက်ယှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူဆောင်း|ခြူဆောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူယှက်ထိုး|ခြူယှက်ထိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြေး|ခြေး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြေးခြေး|ခြေးခြေး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြဲ|ခြဲ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြဲခြီခြဲခြောက်|ခြဲခြီခြဲခြောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြဲခြူ|ခြဲခြူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြဲခြဲခြောက်|ခြဲခြဲခြောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြဲခြဲခြောက်ခြောက်|ခြဲခြဲခြောက်ခြောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြဲခြဲမွိန့်|ခြဲခြဲမွိန့်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြည်|ခြည်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ကင်ပေါင်း|ခြည်ကင်ပေါင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ကပ်စက္ကူ|ခြည်ကပ်စက္ကူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ကျော်|ခြည်ကျော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ခင်|ခြည်ခင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ခင်စွပ်ငှက်|ခြည်ခင်စွပ်ငှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ခေါင်း|ခြည်ခေါင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ငင်|ခြည်ငင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်စာချ|ခြည်စာချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်စာနယ်|ခြည်စာနယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်စာပီး|ခြည်စာပီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ထည်|ခြည်ထည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ထုံး|ခြည်ထုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ထွီး|ခြည်ထွီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ပူး|ခြည်ပူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ပင့်ကူ|ခြည်ပင့်ကူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ပတ်|ခြည်ပတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ဖီး|ခြည်ဖီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ဖြီး|ခြည်ဖြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ဖြီးသီး|ခြည်ဖြီးသီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်မျက်စု|ခြည်မျက်စု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်မျှင်|ခြည်မျှင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ယောက်|ခြည်ယောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ဝင်|ခြည်ဝင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ဝင်အူထွက်|ခြည်ဝင်အူထွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်သီး|ခြည်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်အူထွက်|ခြည်အူထွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြယ်မ|ခြယ်မ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြော|ခြော]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြော့|ခြော့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြော်|ခြော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြော်ခြော်ငေါ်ငေါ်|ခြော်ခြော်ငေါ်ငေါ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြော်ခြော်ငတ်ငတ်|ခြော်ခြော်ငတ်ငတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြော်ခြော်ရော်ရော်|ခြော်ခြော်ရော်ရော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြက်|ခြက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြက်ခြက်မြည်|ခြက်ခြက်မြည်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြင်|ခြင်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်ကန်|ခြင်ကန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်ဆီ|ခြင်ဆီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်ထောင်|ခြင်ထောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်ပြောက်|ခြင်ပြောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်ဖိ|ခြင်ဖိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်တောင်း|ခြင်တောင်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြင့်|ခြင့်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြင့်တီးတီးလို့|ခြင့်တီးတီးလို့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင့်ထိုး|ခြင့်ထိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင့်ထိုးထိုးလို့|ခြင့်ထိုးထိုးလို့]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြင်း|ခြင်း]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်းကောက်|ခြင်းကောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်းခြင်း|ခြင်းခြင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်းခြင်းနီ|ခြင်းခြင်းနီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်းဇာတိ|ခြင်းဇာတိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်းထူး|ခြင်းထူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်းထူးခြင်းရာ|ခြင်းထူးခြင်းရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်းရာ|ခြင်းရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်းရာသွယ်|ခြင်းရာသွယ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြစ်|ခြစ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြစ်ခြစ်ခြာခြာ|ခြစ်ခြစ်ခြာခြာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုက်နှစ်|ခြိုက်နှစ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင်|ခြိုင်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင်ခြိုင်|ခြိုင်ခြိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင့်|ခြိုင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင့်ခွက်|ခြိုင့်ခွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင့်ဆွဲ|ခြိုင့်ဆွဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင့်တံ|ခြိုင့်တံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင့်တုံ|ခြိုင့်တုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင့်အံ|ခြိုင့်အံ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင်း|ခြိုင်း]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင်းခြိုင်း|ခြိုင်းခြိုင်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်|ခြောက်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ကပ်|ခြောက်ကပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ခပ်|ခြောက်ခပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ခြီခြောက်ခြဲ|ခြောက်ခြီခြောက်ခြဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ခြဲ|ခြောက်ခြဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ခြောက်ကပ်ကပ်|ခြောက်ခြောက်ကပ်ကပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ခြောက်ခြဲခြဲ|ခြောက်ခြောက်ခြဲခြဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ခြောက်ငတ်|ခြောက်ခြောက်ငတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ခြောက်ငတ်ငတ်|ခြောက်ခြောက်ငတ်ငတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်စ|ခြောက်စ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်တောင်ဗျိုင်း|ခြောက်တောင်ဗျိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ပေါက်|ခြောက်ပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ပြစ်စင်|ခြောက်ပြစ်စင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ဘီလူး|ခြောက်ဘီလူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ရောင်း|ခြောက်ရောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်လှန့်|ခြောက်လှန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်သရော်|ခြောက်သရော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်သွိ|ခြောက်သွိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင့်ဆောင်ထိုင်|ခြောင့်ဆောင်ထိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင်းကတ်|ခြောင်းကတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင်းခြောက်|ခြောင်းခြောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင်းခြောင်း|ခြောင်းခြောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင်းဆိုး|ခြောင်းဆိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင်းဆိုးသွီးပါ|ခြောင်းဆိုးသွီးပါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင်းနက်|ခြောင်းနက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင်းသံ|ခြောင်းသံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင်းဟက်|ခြောင်းဟက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင်းဟန့်|ခြောင်းဟန့်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြတ်|ခြတ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြတ်ခြတ်|ခြတ်ခြတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြတ်ခြတ်ခြောက်|ခြတ်ခြတ်ခြောက်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြိတ်|ခြိတ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြိပ်|ခြိပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိပ်ချောင်း|ခြိပ်ချောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိပ်စီး|ခြိပ်စီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိပ်တံဆိပ်|ခြိပ်တံဆိပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိပ်ပေါက်|ခြိပ်ပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိပ်ပိတ်|ခြိပ်ပိတ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြုတ်|ခြုတ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြုတ်ခြီခြုတ်ခြက်|ခြုတ်ခြီခြုတ်ခြက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုတ်ခြီခြုတ်ခြုတ်|ခြုတ်ခြီခြုတ်ခြုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုတ်ခြယ်|ခြုတ်ခြယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုတ်ခြက်|ခြုတ်ခြက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုတ်ခြုတ်ခြက်ခြက်|ခြုတ်ခြုတ်ခြက်ခြက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုတ်ခြုတ်သံ|ခြုတ်ခြုတ်သံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုတ်မ|ခြုတ်မ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုတ်မစီ|ခြုတ်မစီ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြုပ်|ခြုပ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြုပ်စပ်|ခြုပ်စပ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြံ|ခြံ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြံခတ်|ခြံခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြံချ|ခြံချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြံစည်းရိုး|ခြံစည်းရိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြံတိုင်|ခြံတိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြံတပ်|ခြံတပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြံထွက်|ခြံထွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြံပေါက်|ခြံပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြံပုပ်|ခြံပုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြံရံ|ခြံရံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြမ်း|ခြမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြမ်းကွဲ|ခြမ်းကွဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြမ်းစိ|ခြမ်းစိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိန့်|ခြိန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိမ့်|ခြိမ့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိမ့်ခြိမ့်|ခြိမ့်ခြိမ့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိမ့်ခြိမ့်သဲသဲ|ခြိမ့်ခြိမ့်သဲသဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိမ့်ညောင်း|ခြိမ့်ညောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိမ်း|ခြိမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိမ်းခြောက်|ခြိမ်းခြောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိမ်းပ|ခြိမ်းပ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိမ်းမောင်း|ခြိမ်းမောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုံ|ခြုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုံကြား|ခြုံကြား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုံဆစ်|ခြုံဆစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုံနု|ခြုံနု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုံပုတ်|ခြုံပုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုံပျစ်တော|ခြုံပျစ်တော]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုံဗျိုင်း|ခြုံဗျိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုံမုံ|ခြုံမုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုန်း|ခြုန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုန်းခြုန်း|ခြုန်းခြုန်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြို့|ခြို့]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုး|ခြိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးကပ်|ခြိုးကပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးခြီ|ခြိုးခြီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးခြံ|ခြိုးခြံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးငယ်တစ်ထိုး|ခြိုးငယ်တစ်ထိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးညို|ခြိုးညို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးညှင်း|ခြိုးညှင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးတည်ကျင်|ခြိုးတည်ကျင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးမလိုင်ဘီ|ခြိုးမလိုင်ဘီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးလင်းပြာ|ခြိုးလင်းပြာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးသစ်မြက်|ခြိုးသစ်မြက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးသိမ်း|ခြိုးသိမ်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခွ|ခွ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခွကျ|ခွကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွစကား|ခွစကား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွစပါး|ခွစပါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွစား|ခွစား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွစီး|ခွစီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဆန်|ခွဆန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဆုံ|ခွဆုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတို|ခွတို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတိုက်|ခွတိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွပစာထမင်း|ခွပစာထမင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွပတာ|ခွပတာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဖဲ|ခွဖဲ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခွါ|ခွါ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခွါတိုင်း|ခွါတိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွါထောင်|ခွါထောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွါနာ|ခွါနာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွါနာကျ|ခွါနာကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွါပြီး|ခွါပြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွါဖိနပ်|ခွါဖိနပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွါရာတိုင်း|ခွါရာတိုင်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခွီ|ခွီ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခွီခွီပြတ်|ခွီခွီပြတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီခွီသီ|ခွီခွီသီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီယိုင်|ခွီယိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီသျှေ|ခွီသျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီး|ခွီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးကတက်|ခွီးကတက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးကျကျ|ခွီးကျကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးကျော်ကြောင်ကျော်|ခွီးကျော်ကြောင်ကျော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးကျင့်ကျင့်|ခွီးကျင့်ကျင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးကျင့်ခွီးကြံ|ခွီးကျင့်ခွီးကြံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးခနင်း|ခွီးခနင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးချီးပင်နာ|ခွီးချီးပင်နာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးချီးမှို|ခွီးချီးမှို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးချီးဟင်းခနွယ်|ခွီးချီးဟင်းခနွယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးခြီထောက်|ခွီးခြီထောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးစားဝက်စား|ခွီးစားဝက်စား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးတူဝက်တူ|ခွီးတူဝက်တူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးတောက်ပင်|ခွီးတောက်ပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးတောင်းကြီး|ခွီးတောင်းကြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးထွက်သံယို|ခွီးထွက်သံယို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးနင်းကြောင်နင်း|ခွီးနင်းကြောင်နင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးပိုင်ဝက်ပိုင်|ခွီးပိုင်ဝက်ပိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးပြီးဝက်ပြီး|ခွီးပြီးဝက်ပြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးပြောင်|ခွီးပြောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးဖင်ခြောက်|ခွီးဖင်ခြောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးဖင်တွား|ခွီးဖင်တွား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးဖြစ်ဝက်ဖြစ်|ခွီးဖြစ်ဝက်ဖြစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးဘရားဝက်ဘရား|ခွီးဘရားဝက်ဘရား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးမတုံး|ခွီးမတုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးမဒုံးကျိန်တောက်စွပ်|ခွီးမဒုံးကျိန်တောက်စွပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးယေပိုး|ခွီးယေပိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးရူးနာ|ခွီးရူးနာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးရူးပြန်|ခွီးရူးပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးရွင့်ပြာ|ခွီးရွင့်ပြာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးလခပတ်သီး|ခွီးလခပတ်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးလယာ|ခွီးလယာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးလင်ကျ|ခွီးလင်ကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးလင်ပြည်|ခွီးလင်ပြည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးဝင်ကြောင်ဝင်|ခွီးဝင်ကြောင်ဝင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးဝင်စား|ခွီးဝင်စား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးသီ-သီ|ခွီးသီ-သီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးသင်းပေါင်း|ခွီးသင်းပေါင်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခွဲ|ခွဲ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲခြား|ခွဲခြား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲခြမ်း|ခွဲခြမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲခွါ|ခွဲခွါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲစိတ်|ခွဲစိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲတောင်း|ခွဲတောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲတမ်း|ခွဲတမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲထား|ခွဲထား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲထက်|ခွဲထက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲထွက်|ခွဲထွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲပုံကျ|ခွဲပုံကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲဖြာ|ခွဲဖြာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲဝီ|ခွဲဝီ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခွက်|ခွက်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခွက်ချေမုန့်|ခွက်ချေမုန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွက်ချင်းစင်|ခွက်ချင်းစင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွက်ချင်းပြီး|ခွက်ချင်းပြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွက်ချင်းလန်|ခွက်ချင်းလန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွက်ခွင်း|ခွက်ခွင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွက်စောင်းသတ်|ခွက်စောင်းသတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွက်တောင်းပြန်|ခွက်တောင်းပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွက်ပေါင်းမုန့်|ခွက်ပေါင်းမုန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွက်မှောက်|ခွက်မှောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင်|ခွင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင်ခနောက်|ခွင်ခနောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင်ခလောက်|ခွင်ခလောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင်ခြီထောက်|ခွင်ခြီထောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင်ဆရာ|ခွင်ဆရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင့်|ခွင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင့်တိုင်|ခွင့်တိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင့်တောင်း|ခွင့်တောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင့်ပီး|ခွင့်ပီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင့်ပန်|ခွင့်ပန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင့်ပြု|ခွင့်ပြု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင့်ယူ|ခွင့်ယူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင့်ရက်|ခွင့်ရက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင့်ရွှတ်|ခွင့်ရွှတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင်း|ခွင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတ်|ခွတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတ်ခွတ်|ခွတ်ခွတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတ်ဆတ်ခွတ်လတ်|ခွတ်ဆတ်ခွတ်လတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတ်တောက်|ခွတ်တောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတ်ပြင်|ခွတ်ပြင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတ်လီခွတ်လတ်|ခွတ်လီခွတ်လတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတ်လတ်ခွတ်လတ်|ခွတ်လတ်ခွတ်လတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတ်သတ်|ခွတ်သတ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခွပ်|ခွပ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခွံ|ခွံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွံဆတ်ပင်|ခွံဆတ်ပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွံဝါသျှေ|ခွံဝါသျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွံ့|ခွံ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်|ခွန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်စိုက်|ခွန်စိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်အား|ခွန်အား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်အားစိုက်|ခွန်အားစိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်း|ခွန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်းတိုက်|ခွန်းတိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်းတိုင်းချီချ|ခွန်းတိုင်းချီချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်းတိုင်းပြန်|ခွန်းတိုင်းပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်းတုတ်|ခွန်းတုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန့်တုံကြီးငယ်|ခွန့်တုံကြီးငယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်းဟချီချ|ခွန်းဟချီချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွပီး|ချွပီး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချွီး|ချွီး]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးကြီးပေါက်|ချွီးကြီးပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးခံ|ချွီးခံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးငုပ်|ချွီးငုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးစီး|ချွီးစီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးစို|ချွီးစို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးတတီးတီး|ချွီးတတီးတီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးထုတ်|ချွီးထုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးထွက်သံယို|ချွီးထွက်သံယို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးပြန်|ချွီးပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးလွန်|ချွီးလွန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးသိပ်|ချွီးသိပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးအောင်း|ချွီးအောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးအုပ်|ချွီးအုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွေညာလွမ်း|ချွေညာလွမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွေး|ချွေး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွေး-ချွေး|ချွေး-ချွေး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချွဲ|ချွဲ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချွဲကပ်|ချွဲကပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွဲကျပ်|ချွဲကျပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွဲထ|ချွဲထ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွဲပျစ်|ချွဲပျစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွဲဟက်|ချွဲဟက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွဲဟောက်|ချွဲဟောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွတ်|ချွတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွတ်ချော်|ချွတ်ချော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွတ်တွင်း|ချွတ်တွင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွတ်ထ|ချွတ်ထ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွတ်နင်း|ချွတ်နင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွတ်ယွင်း|ချွတ်ယွင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွတ်လွဲ|ချွတ်လွဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွိတ်|ချွိတ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချွန်|ချွန်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချွန်မြက်|ချွန်မြက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွန်း|ချွန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွန်းတောက်|ချွန်းတောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွန်းဖဲ|ချွန်းဖဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွ|ခြွ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွခြွ|ခြွခြွ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွခြွတက်တက်|ခြွခြွတက်တက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွခြွတင်းတင်း|ခြွခြွတင်းတင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွခြွရွရွ|ခြွခြွရွရွ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွတက်|ခြွတက်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြွာ|ခြွာ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြွာခြွာ|ခြွာခြွာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွာခြွာငေါ်ငေါ်|ခြွာခြွာငေါ်ငေါ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွာခြွာငတ်ငတ်|ခြွာခြွာငတ်ငတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွာခြွာရော်ရော်|ခြွာခြွာရော်ရော်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြွီ|ခြွီ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြွီခြွီ|ခြွီခြွီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွီခြွီသီ|ခြွီခြွီသီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွီမ|ခြွီမ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြွင်း|ခြွင်း]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြွင်းချက်|ခြွင်းချက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွင်းချန်|ခြွင်းချန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွတ်|ခြွတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွတ်ခြွတ်|ခြွတ်ခြွတ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြွန်|ခြွန်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြွန်း|ခြွန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွန်းကုတ်|ခြွန်းကုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွန်းဆိုး|ခြွန်းဆိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွန်းဖား|ခြွန်းဖား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွန်းဖားကြီး|ခြွန်းဖားကြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွန်းဖေါင်|ခြွန်းဖေါင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွန်းဖွင့်|ခြွန်းဖွင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွန်းအုပ်|ခြွန်းအုပ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြွမ်း|ခြွမ်း]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြွမ်းခြွမ်း|ခြွမ်းခြွမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွမ်းတော့နာ|ခြွမ်းတော့နာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွမ်းတမ်းခြွမ်း|ခြွမ်းတမ်းခြွမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွမ်းထိုက်|ခြွမ်းထိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွမ်းမရူ|ခြွမ်းမရူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွမ်းမြောင်း|ခြွမ်းမြောင်း]] [[Category:Wt/rki]] 2utafqzzlpfs7lw16mazzcpsy0ffqwc 7255996 7255722 2026-07-20T01:47:36Z Retkhaberi 2609544 /* ခါး */ 7255996 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wt/rki/ရခိုင်အက္ခရာစဉ်ဇယား}} ===[[Wt/rki/ခ|ခ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခကျယ်ကျယ်|ခကျယ်ကျယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခကျယ်ခဝန်း|ခကျယ်ခဝန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခကျဉ်း|ခကျဉ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခကျောက်|ခကျောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခကျောက်ရှည်|ခကျောက်ရှည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခကျိတ်သျှေ|ခကျိတ်သျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခခ|ခခ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခခုံးမှီ|ခခုံးမှီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခခုံးမှီခခုံးမွှား|ခခုံးမှီခခုံးမွှား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခချီးစောင်|ခချီးစောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနဲ့ခနဲ့|ခနဲ့ခနဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခခွေ|ခခွေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခချောခလောသီး|ခချောခလောသီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခချဉ်ချဉ်|ခချဉ်ချဉ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခချိုးခချဉ်|ခချိုးခချဉ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဂျိတ်သျှေ|ခဂျိတ်သျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခငယ်|ခငယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခစား|ခစား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခစားဝတ်တွား|ခစားဝတ်တွား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခစီခစပ်|ခစီခစပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခစပ်|ခစပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဆတ်|ခဆတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဆတ်ဆတ်|ခဆတ်ဆတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခညောင်း|ခညောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဏ|ခဏ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဏတာ|ခဏတာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဏတစ်ဖြတ်|ခဏတစ်ဖြတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဏတစ်ဖြုတ်|ခဏတစ်ဖြုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဏဟု|ခဏဟု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတည်တည်|ခတည်တည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတော်|ခတော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတင်သီး|ခတင်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတောက်|ခတောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတောင်း|ခတောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတိမ်း|ခတိမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတိမ်းခစောင်း|ခတိမ်းခစောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတိမ်းခယိမ်း|ခတိမ်းခယိမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတိမ်းခလိမ်း|ခတိမ်းခလိမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတို|ခတို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခထည်ထည်|ခထည်ထည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဒါ|ခဒါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဒုတ်|ခဒုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဒုတ်ပွင့်|ခဒုတ်ပွင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနီကြန်|ခနီကြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနီကြန့်|ခနီကြန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနီး|ခနီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနီးပါးသျှေ|ခနီးပါးသျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနု|ခနု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနူးခနပ်|ခနူးခနပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနဲ့|ခနဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနဲ့ခနိုး|ခနဲ့ခနိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနဲ့တေ့တေ့|ခနဲ့တေ့တေ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနက်|ခနက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနက်ကောင်း|ခနက်ကောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနက်ချဉ်|ခနက်ချဉ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနက်တောင်း|ခနက်တောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနက်ပျက်|ခနက်ပျက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနက်ယှင်း|ခနက်ယှင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနက်လိုက်|ခနက်လိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနောင့်|ခနောင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနောင်း|ခနောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနောင်းခနဲ့|ခနောင်းခနဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနုတ်|ခနုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနိမ့်ခမြင့်|ခနိမ့်ခမြင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနိမ့်ခနောင်း|ခနိမ့်ခနောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနိုးခနောင်း|ခနိုးခနောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပဲ|ခပဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပင်း|ခပင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပေါင်းခတ်|ခပေါင်းခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပျက်သိ|ခပျက်သိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပြူးတူး|ခပြူးတူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပြုံးခနဲ့|ခပြုံးခနဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပြုံးခရယ်|ခပြုံးခရယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပြုံးခရွှင်|ခပြုံးခရွှင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပြုံးခသွင်|ခပြုံးခသွင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပြုံးရယ်|ခပြုံးရယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဖော်သီခဖော်သွပ်|ခဖော်သီခဖော်သွပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဖော််သွပ်|ခဖော််သွပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဖြိုးခဖြီ|ခဖြိုးခဖြီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဗျာ|ခဗျာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမသာ|ခမသာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမီးခမက်|ခမီးခမက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမည်း|ခမည်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမည်းတောင်း|ခမည်းတောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမည်းပီး|ခမည်းပီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမည်းသင့်|ခမည်းသင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမည်းသမ်း|ခမည်းသမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမက်|ခမက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမောက်|ခမောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမောင်း|ခမောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမောင်းမျက်ဝီ|ခမောင်းမျက်ဝီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယ|ခယ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယယ|ခယယ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယဝယ|ခယဝယ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယက်ခယောက်|ခယက်ခယောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယင်ကြိမ်|ခယင်ကြိမ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယင်ဝါး|ခယင်ဝါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယောက်ခယား|ခယောက်ခယား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယောက်ခယမ်း|ခယောက်ခယမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယံဝါး|ခယံဝါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယှဲခဆုတ်|ခယှဲခဆုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရာမကျောက်တန်း|ခရာမကျောက်တန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရာဝ|ခရာဝ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရားစောက်|ခရားစောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီခရော|ခရီခရော]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီး|ခရီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးကြမ်း|ခရီးကြမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးကြုံ|ခရီးကြုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးခရော်|ခရီးခရော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးခေါင်|ခရီးခေါင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးချ|ခရီးချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးစရိတ်|ခရီးစရိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးစာ|ခရီးစာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးစဉ်|ခရီးစဉ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဆက်|ခရီးဆက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဆင်|ခရီးဆင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဆိုက်|ခရီးဆိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဆိုင်|ခရီးဆိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဆောင်|ခရီးဆောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဆန့်|ခရီးဆန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဆုံ|ခရီးဆုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးတောင်း|ခရီးတောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးတင်း|ခရီးတင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးတွင်|ခရီးတွင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးထင့်|ခရီးထင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးထစ်|ခရီးထစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးထောက်|ခရီးထောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးထွက်|ခရီးထွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဒဏ်|ခရီးဒဏ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဓွန့်|ခရီးဓွန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးနှင်|ခရီးနှင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးပေါက်|ခရီးပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးပန်း|ခရီးပန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးပြင်း|ခရီးပြင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဘေး|ခရီးဘေး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးမှောင့်|ခရီးမှောင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးရောက်|ခရီးရောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးရောက်မဆိုက်|ခရီးရောက်မဆိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးရပ်စောက်|ခရီးရပ်စောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးလွန်|ခရီးလွန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးသည်|ခရီးသည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးသွား|ခရီးသွား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဦးကြိုဆို|ခရီးဦးကြိုဆို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရု|ခရု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရုခရမ်း|ခရုခရမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရုခသံ|ခရုခသံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရုထွတ်|ခရုထွတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရုပေါ်|ခရုပေါ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရုပတ်|ခရုပတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရုပတ်ကောက်|ခရုပတ်ကောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရုပတ်လမ်း|ခရုပတ်လမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရုသင်း|ခရုသင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရူးခသွတ်|ခရူးခသွတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရဲကြန့်|ခရဲကြန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရည်းပျက်|ခရည်းပျက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရော်|ခရော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရင်း|ခရင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရင်းကြား|ခရင်းကြား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရစ်ရစ်|ခရစ်ရစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရိုင်|ခရိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရိုင်ရိုင်|ခရိုင်ရိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရိုင့်ရိုင့်|ခရိုင့်ရိုင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရောင်|ခရောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရောင့်ခရာ|ခရောင့်ခရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရောင့်ခရော|ခရောင့်ခရော]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရောင်း|ခရောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရိပ်ခသံ့|ခရိပ်ခသံ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရိပ်ရိပ်|ခရိပ်ရိပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရိပ်သျှေ|ခရိပ်သျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရုတ်ခရမ်း|ခရုတ်ခရမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရမ်းကစော့|ခရမ်းကစော့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရမ်းကောင်း|ခရမ်းကောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရမ်းချဉ်|ခရမ်းချဉ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရမ်းစိတ်ကေ|ခရမ်းစိတ်ကေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရမ်းသီးလက်ကောက်ပြောင်ပြောင်တောက်|ခရမ်းသီးလက်ကောက်ပြောင်ပြောင်တောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရို့ခရမ်း|ခရို့ခရမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရို့ရို့|ခရို့ရို့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရှားရှား|ခရှားရှား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလာ|ခလာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလာချိတ်|ခလာချိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလာမပြု|ခလာမပြု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလယ်|ခလယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလောင်း|ခလောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလောင်းပန်း|ခလောင်းပန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလောင်းသီး|ခလောင်းသီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလိမ်း|ခလိမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလုံး|ခလုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလုံးတိုက်|ခလုံးတိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလုတ်ခလဲ့|ခလုတ်ခလဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလွန်းသား|ခလွန်းသား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဝါ|ခဝါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဝါချ|ခဝါချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဝါရောင်|ခဝါရောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဝါသည်|ခဝါသည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဝဲသီး|ခဝဲသီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခသလာ|ခသလာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခသလက်|ခသလက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခသံ့ခဝါ|ခသံ့ခဝါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခသံ့သံ့|ခသံ့သံ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခသွေက|ခသွေက]] *[[Wt/rki/ခသွင်ခပြင်|ခသွင်ခပြင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခသွန်က|ခသွန်က]] *[[Wt/rki/ခအီးခကြင်|ခအီးခကြင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခအောင်းခါး|ခအောင်းခါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခအုံးခါး|ခအုံးခါး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခါ|ခါ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခါ|ခါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါကျူး|ခါကျူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါချီး|ခါချီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါချဉ်|ခါချဉ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါဂြစ်|ခါဂြစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါတော်ကျူး|ခါတော်ကျူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါတိုင်း|ခါတိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါချဉ်ထုပ်|ခါချဉ်ထုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါချဉ်အုံ|ခါချဉ်အုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါထွက်|ခါထွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါဗူးမှုန့်|ခါဗူးမှုန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါလီ|ခါလီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါလီကျ|ခါလီကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါသ|ခါသ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါသလီခါသလာ|ခါသလီခါသလာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါသီခါသာ|ခါသီခါသာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါသာ|ခါသာ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခါး|ခါး]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခါး|ခါးကျိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးကျိုး|ခါးကျိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးကျိုးဒွါဒရာ|ခါးကျိုးဒွါဒရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးခါးစီးစီး|ခါးခါးစီးစီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးခါးတီတီ|ခါးခါးတီတီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးခါးတီးတီး|ခါးခါးတီးတီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးခါးတက်တက်|ခါးခါးတက်တက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးခွ|ခါးခွ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးခွတင်|ခါးခွတင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးစည်း|ခါးစည်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးစည်းအင်္ကျီ|ခါးစည်းအင်္ကျီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးစောင်း|ခါးစောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးစောင်းတင်|ခါးစောင်းတင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးစောင်းထိုး|ခါးစောင်းထိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးဆီး|ခါးဆီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးဆီးကြို|ခါးဆီးကြို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးဆစ်|ခါးဆစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးဆစ်တင်|ခါးဆစ်တင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးဆွဲကြိုး|ခါးဆွဲကြိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးတောင်း|ခါးတောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးတောင်းကျိုက်|ခါးတောင်းကျိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးတောင်းကျပ်|ခါးတောင်းကျပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးတောင်းကျိတ်|ခါးတောင်းကျိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးတောင်းချိတ်|ခါးတောင်းချိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးတောင်းဆင်|ခါးတောင်းဆင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးတောင်းတင်|ခါးတောင်းတင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးတောင်းပင့်|ခါးတောင်းပင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးထပိန်သျှေ|ခါးထပိန်သျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးထပိန်အရွယ်|ခါးထပိန်အရွယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးထစ်|ခါးထစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးထစ်တင်|ခါးထစ်တင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပေါ်|ခါးပေါ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပေါ်ဒါး|ခါးပေါ်ဒါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပိုက်|ခါးပိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပိုက်ဆောင်|ခါးပိုက်ဆောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပိုက်ထုပ်|ခါးပိုက်ထုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပိုက်အိတ်|ခါးပိုက်အိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပတ်|ခါးပတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပန်း|ခါးပန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပန်းကြိုး|ခါးပန်းကြိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပန်းပိုး|ခါးပန်းပိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပုံ|ခါးပုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပုံစွန်း|ခါးပုံစွန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပျောက်ဝန်|ခါးပျောက်ဝန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပျောင်း|ခါးပျောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးယောက်|ခါးယောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးလယ်|ခါးလယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးသလက်|ခါးသလက်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခိ|ခိ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခီ|ခီ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခု|ခု]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခုတေခု|ခုတေခု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုခံ|ခုခံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုချင်း|ခုချင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုစိုက်တိုက်|ခုစိုက်တိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုဆင့်ခုလတ်|ခုဆင့်ခုလတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုဆတ်ခုလတ်|ခုဆတ်ခုလတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုတောင်က|ခုတောင်က]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုတုံးခံ|ခုတုံးခံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုထက်တောင်ပင်|ခုထက်တောင်ပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုနတင်|ခုနတင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုနိ|ခုနိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုနှစ်စဉ်ကြယ်|ခုနှစ်စဉ်ကြယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုနှစ်ရီမှာတစ်ရီမစပ်|ခုနှစ်ရီမှာတစ်ရီမစပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုနှစ်ရက်သားကြယ်|ခုနှစ်ရက်သားကြယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုနှစ်ရက်သားသမီး|ခုနှစ်ရက်သားသမီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုနှစ်|ခုနှစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုပင်|ခုပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုပင်လောက်ပင်|ခုပင်လောက်ပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုလီခုဆတ်|ခုလီခုဆတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုလီခုလု|ခုလီခုလု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုလီခုလတ်|ခုလီခုလတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုလီနှုတ်|ခုလီနှုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုလတ်|ခုလတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုလတ်ခုလတ်|ခုလတ်ခုလတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုလုံးခုလုံး|ခုလုံးခုလုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုသော်နောက်တောင်|ခုသော်နောက်တောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုသံက|ခုသံက]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုသံခါ|ခုသံခါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုသံခု|ခုသံခု]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခူ|ခူ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခူစာပင်|ခူစာပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခူစာငှက်|ခူစာငှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခူစံ|ခူစံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခူသျှိသျှူနာ|ခူသျှိသျှူနာ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခူး|ခူး]]=== ===[[Wt/rki/ခေ|ခေ]]=== ===[[Wt/rki/ခဲ|ခဲ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခဲကလောင်|ခဲကလောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲကိုင်|ခဲကိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲကပ်|ခဲကပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲကြွပ်|ခဲကြွပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲခီခဲခက်|ခဲခီခဲခက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲခဲမွိန့်|ခဲခဲမွိန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲခဲဝါ|ခဲခဲဝါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲခက်|ခဲခက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲခတ်|ခဲခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲတံ|ခဲတံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲဆစ်|ခဲဆစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲနက်|ခဲနက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲပုပ်|ခဲပုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲပြတ်|ခဲပြတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲပြတ်တစ်ခဲ|ခဲပြတ်တစ်ခဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲဖြေ|ခဲဖြေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲမကျီ|ခဲမကျီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲမဖြူ|ခဲမဖြူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲမလယော့|ခဲမလယော့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲယဉ်း|ခဲယဉ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲယမ်းမီးကျောက်|ခဲယမ်းမီးကျောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲရာ|ခဲရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲရာခဲဆစ်|ခဲရာခဲဆစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲလို့မွိန့်လို့|ခဲလို့မွိန့်လို့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲဝါ|ခဲဝါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲဝါကျား|ခဲဝါကျား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲအို|ခဲအို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယ်မ|ခယ်မ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခေါ|ခေါ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခေါခေါ|ခေါခေါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါခွက်|ခေါခွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါခွက်တောင်းပန်|ခေါခွက်တောင်းပန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါစာ|ခေါစာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါတင်|ခေါတင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါပစာ|ခေါပစာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါပစာထမင်း|ခေါပစာထမင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါပတာ|ခေါပတာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်|ခေါ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်ခေါ်ရော်ရော်|ခေါ်ခေါ်ရော်ရော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်ခေါ်ဝေါ်ဝေါ်|ခေါ်ခေါ်ဝေါ်ဝေါ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်ဆောင်|ခေါ်ဆောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်ဆို|ခေါ်ဆို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်တော|ခေါ်တော]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်တောင်း|ခေါ်တောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်တွင်|ခေါ်တွင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်ပုံ|ခေါ်ပုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်လို့ဝေါ်လို့|ခေါ်လို့ဝေါ်လို့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်ဝေါ်|ခေါ်ဝေါ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်ဝေါ်မကျီ|ခေါ်ဝေါ်မကျီ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခက်|ခက်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခက္ကရာ|ခက္ကရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်ခရော်|ခက်ခရော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်ခဲ|ခက်ခဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်ခက်ခဲခဲ|ခက်ခက်ခဲခဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်ခက်မက်မက်|ခက်ခက်မက်မက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်ဆစ်|ခက်ဆစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်ထော်|ခက်ထော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်မ|ခက်မ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်မငါးဖြာ|ခက်မငါးဖြာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်ရာခက်ဆစ်|ခက်ရာခက်ဆစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်လံ|ခက်လံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်လံဖျား|ခက်လံဖျား]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခင်|ခင်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခင်ကုန်း|ခင်ကုန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်ခင်|ခင်ခင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်စိုင်း|ခင်စိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်တွယ်|ခင်တွယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်ပလွီ|ခင်ပလွီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်ပွန်း|ခင်ပွန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်ပွန်းမွှန်း|ခင်ပွန်းမွှန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်ပွန်းသည်|ခင်ပွန်းသည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်မင်|ခင်မင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်ရိုးတန်း|ခင်ရိုးတန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်း|ခင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်းကျင်း|ခင်းကျင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်းခင်|ခင်းခင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်းစီ|ခင်းစီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်းပျဉ်|ခင်းပျဉ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခိုက်|ခိုက်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခိုက်ခိုက်တုန်|ခိုက်ခိုက်တုန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုက်ရန်|ခိုက်ရန်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခိုင်|ခိုင်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခိုင်ခံ့|ခိုင်ခံ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုင်မာ|ခိုင်မာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုင်မြဲ|ခိုင်မြဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုင်လုံ|ခိုင်လုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုင်း|ခိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုင်းစီ|ခိုင်းစီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုင်းသတ်|ခိုင်းသတ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်|ခေါက်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ကနဲ|ခေါက်ကနဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ကြောင်း|ခေါက်ကြောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ကွိ|ခေါက်ကွိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ခေါက်|ခေါက်ခေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ခေါက်ကျိုင်း|ခေါက်ခေါက်ကျိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ချင်း|ခေါက်ချင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ချိုး|ခေါက်ချိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်စား|ခေါက်စား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်တီခေါက်တက်|ခေါက်တီခေါက်တက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်တီခေါက်တောက်|ခေါက်တီခေါက်တောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်တုံ့|ခေါက်တုံ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်တုံ့ခေါက်ပြန်|ခေါက်တုံ့ခေါက်ပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်တုံ့ပီး|ခေါက်တုံ့ပီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်တုံ့ပြန်|ခေါက်တုံ့ပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ပြန်|ခေါက်ပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်မီ|ခေါက်မီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ယာ|ခေါက်ယာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ရက်|ခေါက်ရက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ရောက်|ခေါက်ရောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ရန်း|ခေါက်ရန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ရွှက်ယင့်|ခေါက်ရွှက်ယင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်သား|ခေါက်သား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်သီး|ခေါက်သီး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်|ခေါင်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ခတ်|ခေါင်ခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ခိုက်|ခေါင်ခိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ခေါက်|ခေါက်ခေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ခေါင်|ခေါက်ခေါင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ခေါင်ဖျားဖျား|ခေါက်ခေါင်ဖျားဖျား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ချိုးကစပ်တမ်း|ခေါင်ချိုးကစပ်တမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ချုပ်|ခေါင်ချုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်စီးရိုး|ခေါင်စီးရိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်စီးဝါး|ခေါင်စီးဝါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်စင်းအိမ်|ခေါင်စင်းအိမ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်စောက်|ခေါင်စောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ဆိုက်|ခေါင်ဆိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်တိုင်|ခေါင်တိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ပုပ်|ခေါင်ပုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ပိတ်|ခေါင်ပိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ပြန့်|ခေါင်ပြန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ဖိဝါး|ခေါင်ဖိဝါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ဖျား|ခေါင်ဖျား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ဖျားခိုက်|ခေါင်ဖျားခိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ဖျားဆိုက်|ခေါင်ဖျားဆိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်မိုး|ခေါင်မိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်မိုးချုပ်|ခေါင်မိုးချုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ရည်|ခေါင်ရည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ရောက်|ခေါင်ရောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ရိုး|ခေါင်ရိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ရိုးတန်း|ခေါင်ရိုးတန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်အုပ်|ခေါင်အုပ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်း|ခေါင်း]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းစီး|ခေါင်းစီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းစဉ်|ခေါင်းစဉ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းစပ်|ခေါင်းစပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းဆောင်|ခေါင်းဆောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းတကာ|ခေါင်းတကာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းတလာ|ခေါင်းတလာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းတာ|ခေါင်းတာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းပါး|ခေါင်းပါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းရောင်|ခေါင်းရောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းလောင်း|ခေါင်းလောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းလောင်းပန်း|ခေါင်းလောင်းပန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းသက်|ခေါင်းသက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းသွင်း|ခေါင်းသွင်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခတ်|ခတ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်ကွင်း|ခတ်ကွင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်ကျောက်တံ|ခတ်ကျောက်တံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်ကျောက်သီး|ခတ်ကျောက်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်ခတ်|ခတ်ခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်ခတ်လုပ်|ခတ်ခတ်လုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်တက်|ခတ်တက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်တင်|ခတ်တင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်တင်စည်|ခတ်တင်စည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်တိုင်|ခတ်တိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်တိုင်းငန်|ခတ်တိုင်းငန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်တိုင်လည်|ခတ်တိုင်လည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်နှိပ်|ခတ်နှိပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ္တာကြီး|ခတ္တာကြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ္တိယ|ခတ္တိယ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်|ခေတ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ကာလ|ခေတ်ကာလ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ကောင်း|ခေတ်ကောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ကုန်|ခေတ်ကုန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ကြို|ခေတ်ကြို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်စား|ခေတ်စား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ဆန်|ခေတ်ဆန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ဆိုးခေတ်ယုတ်|ခေတ်ဆိုးခေတ်ယုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်နောက်ကျ|ခေတ်နောက်ကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်နှောင်း|ခေတ်နှောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ပေါ်|ခေတ်ပေါ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ပျက်|ခေတ်ပျက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ပြိုင်|ခေတ်ပြိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ပြောင်း|ခေတ်ပြောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်မီ|ခေတ်မီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်လယ်|ခေတ်လယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်သစ်|ခေတ်သစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်သုဉ်း|ခေတ်သုဉ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ဟောင်း|ခေတ်ဟောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ဦး|ခေတ်ဦး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ္တ|ခေတ္တ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခပ်|ခပ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခပ်စက်|ခပ်စက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပ်စက်ခံ|ခပ်စက်ခံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပ်ဆီး|ခပ်ဆီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပ်ဆိပ်|ခပ်ဆိပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပ်တဆိတ်|ခပ်တဆိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပ်ဖုသီခပ်ဖုသွပ်|ခပ်ဖုသီခပ်ဖုသွပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပ်လှည့်မပီး|ခပ်လှည့်မပီး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခုတ်|ခုတ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခုတ်ခုတ်ကုတ်ကုတ်|ခုတ်ခုတ်ကုတ်ကုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုတ်ထွင်|ခုတ်ထွင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုပ်|ခုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုပ်ထောင်|ခုပ်ထောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုပ်ပိ|ခုပ်ပိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုပ်ပိသျှေ|ခုပ်ပိသျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုပ်ဖိ|ခုပ်ဖိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုပ်ဘိ|ခုပ်ဘိ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခံ|ခံ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခံစား|ခံစား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံစစ်|ခံစစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံဆွမ်း|ခံဆွမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံတပ်|ခံတပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံနိုင်ရည်|ခံနိုင်ရည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံပျင်း|ခံပျင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံယူ|ခံယူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံယူချက်|ခံယူချက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံရပ်|ခံရပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံသာ|ခံသာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံသာပန်သာ|ခံသာပန်သာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံသိခံသာ|ခံသိခံသာ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခံ့|ခံ့]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခန္တါ|ခန္တါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္တှီ|ခန္တှီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္ဓာ|ခန္ဓာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္ဓာကိုယ်|ခန္ဓာကိုယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္ဓာကြွီ(ကြွေ)|ခန္ဓာကြွီ(ကြွေ)]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္ဓာချ|ခန္ဓာချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္ဓာဇတ်သိမ်း|ခန္ဓာဇတ်သိမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္ဓာပြောင်း|ခန္ဓာပြောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္ဓာရှို့(ရှေ့)|ခန္ဓာရှို့(ရှေ့)]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္ဓာဝန်|ခန္ဓာဝန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္ဓာဝန်ချ|ခန္ဓာဝန်ချ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခန့်|ခန့်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်ခန့်|ခန့်ခန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်ခန့်ညားညား|ခန့်ခန့်ညားညား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်ချက်|ခန့်ချက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်ခွဲ|ခန့်ခွဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်စာ|ခန့်စာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်စာနာ|ခန့်စာနာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်ညား|ခန့်ညား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်ထား|ခန့်ထား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်မှန်း|ခန့်မှန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်မှန်းချက်|ခန့်မှန်းချက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်မှန်းခြေ|ခန့်မှန်းခြေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်အပ်|ခန့်အပ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခန်း|ခန်း]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခန်းဆီး|ခန်းဆီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန်းဆောင်|ခန်းဆောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန်းနေ|ခန်းနေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန်းမ|ခန်းမ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန်းမကြီး|ခန်းမကြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန်းလုံ|ခန်းလုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန်းဝါ|ခန်းဝါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန်းဝင်ခ|ခန်းဝင်ခ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန်းဝင်ပစ္စည်း|ခန်းဝင်ပစ္စည်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမ်းနား|ခမ်းနား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမ်းနားကြီးကျယ်|ခမ်းနားကြီးကျယ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခုံ|ခုံ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခုံခင်း|ခုံခင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံခုံမင်မင်|ခုံခုံမင်မင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံတင်နာရီ|ခုံတင်နာရီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံတိုင်|ခုံတိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံတစ်ယင်|ခုံတစ်ယင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံတောက်|ခုံတောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံတောက်ငှက်|ခုံတောက်ငှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံတောက်ဆောက်|ခုံတောက်ဆောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံတန်း|ခုံတန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံတန်းရှည်|ခုံတန်းရှည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံပီခုံပင်|ခုံပီခုံပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံပင်|ခုံပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံပုတ်ငှက်|ခုံပုတ်ငှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံဖိနပ်|ခုံဖိနပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံမင်|ခုံမင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံရုံး|ခုံရုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံလူကြီး|ခုံလူကြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံလယားရှည်|ခုံလယားရှည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံသမက်|ခုံသမက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုန်|ခုန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုန်ကျော်|ခုန်ကျော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုန်ချ|ခုန်ချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုန်ဆွဆွ|ခုန်ဆွဆွ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုန်ပေါက်|ခုန်ပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုန်လွှား|ခုန်လွှား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုန်းတိုင်|ခုန်းတိုင်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခို|ခို]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခိုကတ်|ခိုကတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုကပ်|ခိုကပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုကိုး|ခိုကိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုခွက်|ခိုခွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုခွက်တောင်းပြန်|ခိုခွက်တောင်းပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုစံ|ခိုစံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုတဲ|ခိုတဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုနန်းဆောင်|ခိုနန်းဆောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုမြန်း|ခိုမြန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုမှီး|ခိုမှီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုရောက်|ခိုရောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုလှုံ့|ခိုလှုံ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုဝင်|ခိုဝင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုအောင်း|ခိုအောင်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခို့|ခို့]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခိုး|ခိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးကြောင်|ခိုးကြောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးကြောင်ဝှက်ကြောင်|ခိုးကြောင်ဝှက်ကြောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးကြောင်မြွီ|ခိုးကြောင်မြွီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးချ|ခိုးချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးစားဝှက်စား|ခိုးစားဝှက်စား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးမှု|ခိုးမှု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးယူ|ခိုးယူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးရာပါပစ္စည်း|ခိုးရာပါပစ္စည်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးရာလိုက်|ခိုးရာလိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးဝှက်|ခိုးဝှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးသားကြယ်|ခိုးသားကြယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးသားဓါးမြ|ခိုးသားဓါးမြ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးသူ|ခိုးသူ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချ့|ချ့]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချခရော်ပြန်|ချခရော်ပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချ့ခုံ|ချ့ခုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချတောက်လက်ခတ်|ချတောက်လက်ခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချတံ|ချတံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဒိုးချဒါ|ချဒိုးချဒါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချနားမတီ|ချနားမတီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချပုတ်ခတ်|ချပုတ်ခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချပိတ်|ချပိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချပိတ်ဆုံး|ချပိတ်ဆုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချပြောင်းချပြန်|ချပြောင်းချပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချမတ|ချမတ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချမှတ်|ချမှတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချရား|ချရား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချရားစိတွင်းကျ|ချရားစိတွင်းကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချရားဖြူ|ချရားဖြူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချလူးချလာ|ချလူးချလာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချ့လက်တံ|ချ့လက်တံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချလောင်းချလာ|ချလောင်းချလာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချလှည့်|ချလှည့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဝါသန်|ချဝါသန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဝမ်းသန်|ချဝမ်းသန်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချာ|ချာ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချာကနဲ|ချာကနဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာချာလည်|ချာချာလည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာချိဝမ်|ချာချိဝမ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာတာလန်|ချာတာလန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာတူးလန်|ချာတူးလန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာတိုင်|ချာတိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာမ|ချာမ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာယောပင်|ချာယောပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာရေ|ချာရေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာလပတ်ရည်|ချာလပတ်ရည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာလပတ်လည်|ချာလပတ်လည်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချိ|ချိ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချိနဲ့|ချိနဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိချိပါးပါး|ချိချိပါးပါး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချီ|ချီ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချီဆတ်|ချီဆတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီတစ်ကြောင်းဆတ်တစ်ကြောင်း|ချီတစ်ကြောင်းဆတ်တစ်ကြောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီတက်|ချီတက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီတုံတစ်ခါချတုံတစ်ခေါက်|ချီတုံတစ်ခါချတုံတစ်ခေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီတုံတစ်ခါချတုံတစ်လှည့်|ချီတုံတစ်ခါချတုံတစ်လှည့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီတုံချတုံ|ချီတုံချတုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီဖား|ချီဖား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီယေပင်|ချီယေပင်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချီး|ချီး]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကပ်|ချီးကပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကန်|ချီးကန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကန်သီးကန်|ချီးကန်သီးကန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကိုင်း|ချီးကိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကိုင်းတံ|ချီးကိုင်းတံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကျူး|ချီးကျူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကြောက်ပူ|ချီးကြောက်ပူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကြောက်ယို|ချီးကြောက်ယို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကြောက်သီးကြောက်|ချီးကြောက်သီးကြောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကြောက်သန်|ချီးကြောက်သန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးခပ်သီးခပ်|ချီးခပ်သီးခပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးငေါင်ရိုး|ချီးငေါင်ရိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးငန်းလိုက်|ချီးငန်းလိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးငှား|ချီးငှား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးစားဇရက်|ချီးစားဇရက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးစားမီးရှူး|ချီးစားမီးရှူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးစိုက်|ချီးစိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးစိုက်ငတ်|ချီးစိုက်ငတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးစိုက်မွတ်|ချီးစိုက်မွတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးတန်းသွယ်|ချီးတန်းသွယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးထူ|ချီးထူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးထုပ်ပွင့်|ချီးထုပ်ပွင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးဒုံသျှေ|ချီးဒုံသျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးနုယို|ချီးနုယို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးနှီးပိုင်း|ချီးနှီးပိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးနှီးဖဲ့|ချီးနှီးဖဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးနှီးဟပ်|ချီးနှီးဟပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးနှစ်ပုတ်|ချီးနှစ်ပုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပါစား|ချီးပါစား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပါထမ်း|ချီးပါထမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပါရွက်|ချီးပါရွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပါသီးပါ|ချီးပါသီးပါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပု|ချီးပု]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပူး|ချီးပူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပူးမ|ချီးပူးမ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပင့်|ချီးပင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပေါက်|ချီးပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပေါက်မပိုး|ချီးပေါက်မပိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပေါက်ဝမ်းသန်|ချီးပေါက်ဝမ်းသန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပေါက်သန်|ချီးပေါက်သန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပေါက်အောက်မြစ်|ချီးပေါက်အောက်မြစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပုံးဂါရီ|ချီးပုံးဂါရီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပိုးထိုး|ချီးပိုးထိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးဖေါင်သာ|ချီးဖေါင်သာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးဖတ်|ချီးဖတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးဖြိန့်တုန်|ချီးဖြိန့်တုန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးများ|ချီးများ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးမွမ်း|ချီးမွမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးမွမ်းကန်ကျောက်|ချီးမွမ်းကန်ကျောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးမွမ်းကွန်နန့်ချောက်ထဲတွန်းချ|ချီးမွမ်းကွန်နန့်ချောက်ထဲတွန်းချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးမြှောက်|ချီးမြှောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးယိုအိမ်|ချီးယိုအိမ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးရောသီးရော|ချီးရောသီးရော]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးရောသီးပါ|ချီးရောသီးပါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးလူးသီးလူး|ချီးလူးသီးလူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးလုံးသေးလုံး|ချီးလုံးသေးလုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးဝမ်းပူ|ချီးဝမ်းပူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးဝမ်းသန်|ချီးဝမ်းသန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးသီးစင်|ချီးသီးစင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးသီးယို|ချီးသီးယို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးသီးအန်|ချီးသီးအန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးအူပေါက်|ချီးအူပေါက်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချူ|ချူ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချူချာဗါကျာ|ချူချာဗါကျာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချူချူပေါက်|ချူချူပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချူတံပစ်|ချူတံပစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချူနာကျ|ချူနာကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချူနာထ|ချူနာထ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချူပေါက်|ချူပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချူး|ချူး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချေ|ချေ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချေဆို|ချေဆို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချေပ|ချေပ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချေဖျက်|ချေဖျက်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချဲ့|ချဲ့]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချဲ့ထွင်|ချဲ့ထွင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချယ်|ချယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချယ်မွှန်း|ချယ်မွှန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချယ်လှယ်|ချယ်လှယ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချော|ချော]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချောကနဲ|ချောကနဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောကရောသီး|ချောကရောသီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောကလောသီး|ချောကလောသီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောကလက်သီး|ချောကလက်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောကုန်း|ချောကုန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောကျ|ချောကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောကျိ|ချောကျိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောချ|ချောချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောချူ|ချောချူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောချောကျိကျိ|ချောချောကျိကျိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောချောမောမော|ချောချောမောမော]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောချောလေ့လေ့|ချောချောလေ့လေ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောချောသီး|ချောချောသီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောညက်|ချောညက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောတောက်သီး|ချောတောက်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောတိုင်|ချောတိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောတုတ်သီး|ချောတုတ်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောတံ|ချောတံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောထီချောထုတ်|ချောထီချောထုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောပစ်|ချောပစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောမော|ချောမော]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောမွေ့|ချောမွေ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောရာ|ချောရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောလောသီး|ချောလောသီး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချော့|ချော့]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချော့ကလူ|ချော့ကလူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချော့ချလိုက်|ချော့ချလိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချော့မော့|ချော့မော့]] *[[Wt/rki/ချော်|ချော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချော်ချိချော်ချော်|ချော်ချိချော်ချော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချော်ချောင်း|ချော်ချောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချော်တီချော်တော|ချော်တီချော်တော]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောထိချော်ထော်|ချောထိချော်ထော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချော်လဲ|ချော်လဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချော်သီချော်သက်|ချော်သီချော်သက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချော်သက်|ချော်သက်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချက်|ချက်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ကောင်း|ချက်ကောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ကျ|ချက်ကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ကျပက်ကျ|ချက်ကျပက်ကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ကျလက်ကျ|ချက်ကျလက်ကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ကျောက်|ချက်ကျောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ကြိုး|ချက်ကြိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ကြွီ|ချက်ကြွီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ကြွီမြီ|ချက်ကြွီမြီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ကြွီရပ်|ချက်ကြွီရပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ခဖြုတ်|ချက်ခဖြုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ခရိုင်|ချက်ခရိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ခလှည့်ခံ|ချက်ခလှည့်ခံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ချာ|ချက်ချာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ချင်း|ချက်ချင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်စီလက်စီ|ချက်စီလက်စီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်စူ|ချက်စူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ဆို|ချက်ဆို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်တလတ်|ချက်တလတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်တိုင်|ချက်တိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်တံ|ချက်တံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်တံစ|ချက်တံစ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်နက်|ချက်နက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ပိုင်|ချက်ပိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ပြုတ်|ချက်ပြုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ပြုတ်တစ်|ချက်ပြုတ်တစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်မ|ချက်မ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်မြှုပ်|ချက်မြှုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်မြှုပ်မြီ|ချက်မြှုပ်မြီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်လက်သိ|ချက်လက်သိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်သို|ချက်သို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်အရက်|ချက်အရက်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချင်|ချင်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချင်ချင်|ချင်ချင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်ခြင်း|ချင်ခြင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်ဆီ|ချင်ဆီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်တိုင်း|ချင်တိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်မိချင်ရာ|ချင်မိချင်ရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်ရာ|ချင်ရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်ရေ|ချင်ရေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်ရေဆီ|ချင်ရေဆီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်သမျှ|ချင်သမျှ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်သရိ|ချင်သရိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်သရွိ|ချင်သရွိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင့်|ချင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင့်ချိန်|ချင့်ချိန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင့်ဆ|ချင့်ဆ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင့်တွေး|ချင့်တွေး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင့်ထောက်|ချင့်ထောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင့်ပုံ|ချင့်ပုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်း|ချင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်းခို|ချင်းခို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်းစိမ်း|ချင်းစိမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်းမမျက်နှာ|ချင်းမမျက်နှာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်းယင်း|ချင်းယင်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချစ်|ချစ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ကောင်းထမန်း|ချစ်ကောင်းထမန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ကောင်းဘနန်း|ချစ်ကောင်းဘနန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ကြိုက်|ချစ်ကြိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ကြည်ရေး|ချစ်ကြည်ရေး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ကြိုး|ချစ်ကြိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ကြိုးနှောင်|ချစ်ကြိုးနှောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ကျွမ်း၀င်|ချစ်ကျွမ်း၀င်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ခင်|ချစ်ခင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ချစ်ပူ|ချစ်ချစ်ပူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်စ|ချစ်စ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်စနိုး|ချစ်စနိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်စဖွယ်|ချစ်စဖွယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်တရာ|ချစ်တရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်တင်းဆို|ချစ်တင်းဆို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်တင်းနှော|ချစ်တင်းနှော]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်မပြယ်|ချစ်မပြယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်မက်|ချစ်မက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ယောင်ကား|ချစ်ယောင်ကား]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်|ချိုင်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်ကြိုး|ချိုင်ကြိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်|ချိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင့်ခွက်|ချိုင့်ခွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင့်ဝှမ်း|ချိုင့်ဝှမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်း|ချိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်းချိုင်းကြက်ကြက်|ချိုင်းချိုင်းကြက်ကြက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်းချိုင်းစိမ့်စိမ့်|ချိုင်းချိုင်းစိမ့်စိမ့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်းချိုင်းသာသာ|ချိုင်းချိုင်းသာသာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်းမြသာယာ|ချိုင်းမြသာယာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်းသာ|ချိုင်းသာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်းသာပီး|ချိုင်းသာပီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်းအီး|ချိုင်းအီး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်|ချဉ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ကြွ|ချဉ်ကြွ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ချောင်း|ချဉ်ချောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ချောင်းချောင်း|ချဉ်ချောင်းချောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်စုတ်စုတ်|ချဉ်စုတ်စုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ပေါက်|ချဉ်ပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ပေါင်|ချဉ်ပေါင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ပိုး|ချဉ်ပိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ပြွတ်ကေပင်|ချဉ်ပြွတ်ကေပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ဖတ်|ချဉ်ဖတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ရည်|ချဉ်ရည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်သီး|ချဉ်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ဟင်းရည်|ချဉ်ဟင်းရည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်အက်|ချဉ်အက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်း|ချဉ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်းကပ်|ချဉ်းကပ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချောက်|ချောက်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်ကမ်းပါး|ချောက်ကမ်းပါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်ကျ|ချောက်ကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်ကြား|ချောက်ကြား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်ခေါင်း|ချောက်ခေါင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်ချ|ချောက်ချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်ချား|ချောက်ချား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်ချောက်ချားချား|ချောက်ချောက်ချားချား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်ခွက်|ချောက်ခွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်ထီးချောက်ထား|ချောက်ထီးချောက်ထား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်တွန်း|ချောက်တွန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်|ချောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်ကလည်ကြောင်ပတ်|ချောင်ကလည်ကြောင်ပတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်ကပ်|ချောင်ကပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်ကုပ်|ချောင်ကုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်ကျ|ချောင်ကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်ခို|ချောင်ခို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်ချိ|ချောင်ချိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်ချောင်ချိချိ|ချောင်ချောင်ချိချိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်ထိုး|ချောင်ထိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်ချောင်လည်လည်|ချောင်ချောင်လည်လည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်း|ချောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းကျ|ချောင်းကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းကြည့်|ချောင်းကြည့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းကြိုချောင်းကြား|ချောင်းကြိုချောင်းကြား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းကြိုမြောင်းကြား|ချောင်းကြိုမြောင်းကြား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းခွ|ချောင်းခွ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းငင်|ချောင်းငင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းစီး|ချောင်းစီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းစောက်|ချောင်းစောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းဆုံ|ချောင်းဆုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းတက်|ချောင်းတက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းတိမ်|ချောင်းတိမ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းနားဟင်း|ချောင်းနားဟင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းဖက်|ချောင်းဖက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းမြောင်း|ချောင်းမြောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းရဲ|ချောင်းရဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းရိုး|ချောင်းရိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းသားစပါး|ချောင်းသားစပါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းဦးတို|ချောင်းဦးတို]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချပ်|ချပ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချပ်ချပ်သီး|ချပ်ချပ်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချပ်တစ်ရာ|ချပ်တစ်ရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချပ်ဝတ်အင်္ကျီ|ချပ်ဝတ်အင်္ကျီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိတ်|ချိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိတ်ကောက်|ချိတ်ကောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိတ်ချိတ်|ချိတ်ချိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိတ်ချွတ်|ချိတ်ချွတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိတ်စ|ချိတ်စ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိတ်ဆက်|ချိတ်ဆက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိတ်ပိုင်|ချိတ်ပိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိတ်လတ်|ချိတ်လတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိတ်သျှင်|ချိတ်သျှင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိပ်|ချိပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုပ်|ချုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုပ်ကိုင်|ချုပ်ကိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုပ်ချုပ်|ချုပ်ချုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုပ်ဂေါင်းပေါင်း|ချုပ်ဂေါင်းပေါင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုပ်စာ|ချုပ်စာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုပ်ဆို|ချုပ်ဆို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုပ်တည်း|ချုပ်တည်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုပ်ပေါင်း|ချုပ်ပေါင်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချန်|ချန်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချန်ထား|ချန်ထား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချန်လှပ်|ချန်လှပ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချမ်း|ချမ်း]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချမ်းချမ်းကြက်ကြက်|ချမ်းချမ်းကြက်ကြက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်|ချိန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်ကိုက်|ချိန်ကိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်စာကိုက်|ချိန်စာကိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်ဆ|ချိန်ဆ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်တွက်|ချိန်တွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်ရွယ်|ချိန်ရွယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်သီး|ချိန်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်း|ချိန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်းဆို|ချိန်းဆို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်းမ|ချိန်းမ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချုံ|ချုံ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချုံမိ|ချုံမိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုံ့|ချုံ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုံး|ချုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုံးချုံးကျ|ချုံးချုံးကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချို|ချို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုချောင်း|ချိုချောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုချို|ချိုချို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုချိုသာသာ|ချိုချိုသာသာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုချိုး|ချိုချိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုပိချိုပင်|ချိုပိချိုပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုပေါ့ပေါ့|ချိုပေါ့ပေါ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုပျက်ပျက်|ချိုပျက်ပျက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုပြပြ|ချိုပြပြ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုပြုံး|ချိုပြုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုမြက်မြက်|ချိုမြက်မြက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုမြိန့်မြိန့်|ချိုမြိန့်မြိန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုရေသီး|ချိုရေသီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုသာ|ချိုသာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုအီး|ချိုအီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုအီးအီး|ချိုအီးအီး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချို့|ချို့]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချို့တဲ့|ချို့တဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ချို့ထက်ဝက်|ချို့ထက်ဝက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချို့ယွင်း|ချို့ယွင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုး|ချိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုးခရွက်|ချိုးခရွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုးဆိတ်|ချိုးဆိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုးနှိမ်|ချိုးနှိမ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုးဖဲ့|ချိုးဖဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုးဖေါက်|ချိုးဖေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုးဖျက်|ချိုးဖျက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုးရီ|ချိုးရီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုးသွင်း|ချိုးသွင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြ|ခြ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြကိုက်|ခြကိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြကိုက်ခံ|ခြကိုက်ခံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြကျစ်|ခြကျစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြကျိတ်သျှ|ခြကျိတ်သျှ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြခေါင်း|ခြခေါင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြခတ်|ခြခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြချိတ်သျှေ|ခြချိတ်သျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြခြ|ခြခြ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြခြပူ|ခြခြပူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြခြသျှေ|ခြခြသျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြစား|ခြစား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြတက်|ခြတက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြပိုးတက်|ခြပိုးတက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြမည်း|ခြမည်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြသံ|ခြသံ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြာ|ခြာ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြာချဉ်|ခြာချဉ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြာခြာ|ခြာခြာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြာခြာကွဲ|ခြာခြာကွဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြာခြာပူ|ခြာခြာပူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြား|ခြား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြားခြား|ခြားခြား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြားခြားနားနား|ခြားခြားနားနား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြားနား|ခြားနား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြားနားခြင်း|ခြားနားခြင်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြိ|ခြိ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြိပီး|ခြိပီး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြီ|ခြီ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကထောင်|ခြီကထောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကုပ်|ခြီကုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကောက်|ခြီကောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကန်လက်ကန်|ခြီကန်လက်ကန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကန်လန်လက်ကန်လန်|ခြီကန်လန်လက်ကန်လန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျ|ခြီကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျလက်ပန်း|ခြီကျလက်ပန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျီး|ခြီကျီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျင်|ခြီကျင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျင်း|ခြီကျင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျင်းခတ်|ခြီကျင်းခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျင်းဝတ်|ခြီကျင်းဝတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျဉ်|ခြီကျဉ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျဉ်း|ခြီကျဉ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျဉ်းခတ်|ခြီကျဉ်းခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျောက်|ခြီကျောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျောက်ကန်|ခြီကျောက်ကန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျောက်ရှည်|ခြီကျောက်ရှည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျွ|ခြီကျွ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျွံလက်ကျွံ|ခြီကျွံလက်ကျွံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီခါလက်ခါ|ခြီခါလက်ခါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီခင်းလက်ငင်|ခြီခင်းလက်ငင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီခေါင်လက်ခေါင်|ခြီခေါင်လက်ခေါင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီခေါင်း|ခြီခေါင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီခေါင်းတက်|ခြီခေါင်းတက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီခုံ|ခြီခုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျလက်ကျ|ခြီကျလက်ကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီချီ|ခြီချီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီချီခ|ခြီချီခ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီချော်လက်ချော်|ခြီချော်လက်ချော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီချင်း|ခြီချင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီချင်းခတ်|ခြီချင်းခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီချင်းထပ်|ခြီချင်းထပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီချင်းလိမ်|ခြီချင်းလိမ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီချုပ်ထား|ခြီချုပ်ထား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီခြီငံငံ|ခြီခြီငံငံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီခွင်|ခြီခွင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဂေါ်ယာ|ခြီဂေါ်ယာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဂေါ်ယာလက်ဂေါ်ယာ|ခြီဂေါ်ယာလက်ဂေါ်ယာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီငုတ်လက်စ|ခြီငုတ်လက်စ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီငံ|ခြီငံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီငံလက်ငံ|ခြီငံလက်ငံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစလက်ငုတ်|ခြီစလက်ငုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစင်း|ခြီစင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစင်းလက်စင်း|ခြီစင်းလက်စင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစမ်း|ခြီစမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစုံ|ခြီစုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစုံလက်စုံ|ခြီစုံလက်စုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစုံကန်|ခြီစုံကန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစွယ်|ခြီစွယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစွယ်ငုတ်|ခြီစွယ်ငုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစွပ်|ခြီစွပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစွမ်းခြီစ|ခြီစွမ်းခြီစ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဆင့်|ခြီဆင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဆစ်လက်ဆစ်သီ|ခြီဆစ်လက်ဆစ်သီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဆုပ်လက်နယ်|ခြီဆုပ်လက်နယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဆန့်လက်ဆန့်|ခြီဆန့်လက်ဆန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဆုံးနပန်း|ခြီဆုံးနပန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဆွ့လက်ဆွ့|ခြီဆွ့လက်ဆွ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဆွံ့လက်ဆွံ့|ခြီဆွံ့လက်ဆွံ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီညောင်းလက်ဆန့်|ခြီညောင်းလက်ဆန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီညှိုး|ခြီညှိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတစ်ပေါင်ပဲ့|ခြီတစ်ပေါင်ပဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတားလက်တား|ခြီတားလက်တား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတော်တင်|ခြီတော်တင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတော်ရာ|ခြီတော်ရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတင်ဂေါင်းအုံး|ခြီတင်ဂေါင်းအုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတင်လက်တင်|ခြီတင်လက်တင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတင်လက်ယှက်|ခြီတင်လက်ယှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတင်သုတ်|ခြီတင်သုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတို|ခြီတို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတိုလက်တို|ခြီတိုလက်တို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီထားလက်ထား|ခြီထားလက်ထား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီထောက်|ခြီထောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီထောက်ဆွဲ|ခြီထောက်ဆွဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီထိပ်ပေါက်|ခြီထိပ်ပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီထုံ|ခြီထုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီထိုး|ခြီထိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီထွန်ထွန်လက်ထွန်ထွန်|ခြီထွန်ထွန်လက်ထွန်ထွန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဒိုးလက်|ခြီဒိုးလက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီနင်း|ခြီနင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီနင်းစက်ဘီး|ခြီနင်းစက်ဘီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီနင်းဖတ်စာ|ခြီနင်းဖတ်စာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီနိုင်လက်နိုင်|ခြီနိုင်လက်နိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီနှာရောင်|ခြီနှာရောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီပူး|ခြီပူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီပစ်လက်ပစ်|ခြီပစ်လက်ပစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီပစ်လက်ပစ်ကျ|ခြီပစ်လက်ပစ်ကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီပေါက်|ခြီပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီပေါက်လက်ပေါက်|ခြီပေါက်လက်ပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီပုန်း|ခြီပုန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီပုန်းတိုက်|ခြီပုန်းတိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီပျက်လိုက်|ခြီပျက်လိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီပြင်းတိုက်|ခြီပြင်းတိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဖနောင့်|ခြီဖနောင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဖဝါး|ခြီဖဝါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဖျား|ခြီဖျား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဖျားထောက်|ခြီဖျားထောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဖျားသိန်|ခြီဖျားသိန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမ|ခြီမ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမကိုင်တတ်လက်မကိုင်တတ်|ခြီမကိုင်တတ်လက်မကိုင်တတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမကြိုး|ခြီမကြိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမဆီးပုစွန်|ခြီမဆီးပုစွန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမနိုင်လက်မနိုင်|ခြီမနိုင်လက်မနိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမျက်စိ|ခြီမျက်စိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမဦးတည်ရာ|ခြီမဦးတည်ရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမျက်ဆစ်|ခြီမျက်ဆစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမျက်ဖု|ခြီမျက်ဖု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမြန်|ခြီမြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမြန်တပ်|ခြီမြန်တပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမြန်လက်မြန်|ခြီမြန်လက်မြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမွ|ခြီမွ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမွီးရောင်|ခြီမွီးရောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီယှုပ်|ခြီယှုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာ|ခြီရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာကောက်|ခြီရာကောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာခံ|ခြီရာခံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာစစ်|ခြီရာစစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာတိုင်း|ခြီရာတိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာနင်း|ခြီရာနင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာပျောက်|ခြီရာပျောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာပွား|ခြီရာပွား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာလက်ရာ|ခြီရာလက်ရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာလက်ရာပျောက်|ခြီရာလက်ရာပျောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရိ|ခြီရိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရင်း|ခြီရင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရင်းမြစ်ရင်း|ခြီရင်းမြစ်ရင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရှည်|ခြီရှည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလီးလက်လီး|ခြီလီးလက်လီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလီးလက်ဝန်|ခြီလီးလက်ဝန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလယ်|ခြီလယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလိမ်ချိတ်|ခြီလိမ်ချိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလွန်လက်လွန်|ခြီလွန်လက်လွန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလှမ်းကြီး|ခြီလှမ်းကြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလှမ်းပျက်|ခြီလှမ်းပျက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလှမ်းပျင်|ခြီလှမ်းပျင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလှမ်းပြင်း|ခြီလှမ်းပြင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလှမ်းမှား|ခြီလှမ်းမှား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသကျဉ်း|ခြီသကျဉ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသကျဉ်းအိမ်တိုင်|ခြီသကျဉ်းအိမ်တိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသာ|ခြီသာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသူကြွယ်|ခြီသူကြွယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသီလက်ညောင်း|ခြီသီလက်ညောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသီလက်သီ|ခြီသီလက်သီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသည်သူရဲ|ခြီသည်သူရဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသည်းလက်သည်း|ခြီသည်းလက်သည်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသောင်|ခြီသောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသုတ်ပုဆိုး|ခြီသုတ်ပုဆိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသံလက်သံ|ခြီသံလက်သံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသန်း|ခြီသန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသွက်လက်သွက်|ခြီသွက်လက်သွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသွင်|ခြီသွင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဟန်လက်ဟန်|ခြီဟန်လက်ဟန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဟုန်တိုက်|ခြီဟုန်တိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဦးပေါက်ရာ|ခြီဦးပေါက်ရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဦးလှည့်|ခြီဦးလှည့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီး|ခြီး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြူ|ခြူ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြူချီခြူယှက်|ခြူချီခြူယှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြာ|ခြူခြာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြာဖာသား|ခြူခြာဖာသား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြာဗါဂျာ|ခြူခြာဗါဂျာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြာမရ|ခြူခြာမရ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြာယှက်|ခြူခြာယှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြာယှုပ်|ခြူခြာယှုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြူယှုပ်ယှက်|ခြူခြူယှုပ်ယှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြာသက်|ခြူခြာသက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြီခြူခြာ|ခြူခြီခြူခြာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြီခြူခြတ်|ခြူခြီခြူခြတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြူ|ခြူခြူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြူခြာခြာ|ခြူခြူခြာခြာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြူယှက်ယှက်|ခြူခြူယှက်ယှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူဆောင်း|ခြူဆောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူယှက်ထိုး|ခြူယှက်ထိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြေး|ခြေး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြေးခြေး|ခြေးခြေး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြဲ|ခြဲ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြဲခြီခြဲခြောက်|ခြဲခြီခြဲခြောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြဲခြူ|ခြဲခြူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြဲခြဲခြောက်|ခြဲခြဲခြောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြဲခြဲခြောက်ခြောက်|ခြဲခြဲခြောက်ခြောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြဲခြဲမွိန့်|ခြဲခြဲမွိန့်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြည်|ခြည်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ကင်ပေါင်း|ခြည်ကင်ပေါင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ကပ်စက္ကူ|ခြည်ကပ်စက္ကူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ကျော်|ခြည်ကျော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ခင်|ခြည်ခင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ခင်စွပ်ငှက်|ခြည်ခင်စွပ်ငှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ခေါင်း|ခြည်ခေါင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ငင်|ခြည်ငင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်စာချ|ခြည်စာချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်စာနယ်|ခြည်စာနယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်စာပီး|ခြည်စာပီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ထည်|ခြည်ထည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ထုံး|ခြည်ထုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ထွီး|ခြည်ထွီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ပူး|ခြည်ပူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ပင့်ကူ|ခြည်ပင့်ကူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ပတ်|ခြည်ပတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ဖီး|ခြည်ဖီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ဖြီး|ခြည်ဖြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ဖြီးသီး|ခြည်ဖြီးသီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်မျက်စု|ခြည်မျက်စု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်မျှင်|ခြည်မျှင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ယောက်|ခြည်ယောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ဝင်|ခြည်ဝင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ဝင်အူထွက်|ခြည်ဝင်အူထွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်သီး|ခြည်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်အူထွက်|ခြည်အူထွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြယ်မ|ခြယ်မ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြော|ခြော]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြော့|ခြော့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြော်|ခြော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြော်ခြော်ငေါ်ငေါ်|ခြော်ခြော်ငေါ်ငေါ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြော်ခြော်ငတ်ငတ်|ခြော်ခြော်ငတ်ငတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြော်ခြော်ရော်ရော်|ခြော်ခြော်ရော်ရော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြက်|ခြက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြက်ခြက်မြည်|ခြက်ခြက်မြည်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြင်|ခြင်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်ကန်|ခြင်ကန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်ဆီ|ခြင်ဆီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်ထောင်|ခြင်ထောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်ပြောက်|ခြင်ပြောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်ဖိ|ခြင်ဖိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်တောင်း|ခြင်တောင်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြင့်|ခြင့်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြင့်တီးတီးလို့|ခြင့်တီးတီးလို့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင့်ထိုး|ခြင့်ထိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင့်ထိုးထိုးလို့|ခြင့်ထိုးထိုးလို့]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြင်း|ခြင်း]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်းကောက်|ခြင်းကောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်းခြင်း|ခြင်းခြင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်းခြင်းနီ|ခြင်းခြင်းနီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်းဇာတိ|ခြင်းဇာတိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်းထူး|ခြင်းထူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်းထူးခြင်းရာ|ခြင်းထူးခြင်းရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်းရာ|ခြင်းရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်းရာသွယ်|ခြင်းရာသွယ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြစ်|ခြစ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြစ်ခြစ်ခြာခြာ|ခြစ်ခြစ်ခြာခြာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုက်နှစ်|ခြိုက်နှစ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင်|ခြိုင်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင်ခြိုင်|ခြိုင်ခြိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင့်|ခြိုင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင့်ခွက်|ခြိုင့်ခွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင့်ဆွဲ|ခြိုင့်ဆွဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင့်တံ|ခြိုင့်တံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင့်တုံ|ခြိုင့်တုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင့်အံ|ခြိုင့်အံ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင်း|ခြိုင်း]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင်းခြိုင်း|ခြိုင်းခြိုင်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်|ခြောက်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ကပ်|ခြောက်ကပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ခပ်|ခြောက်ခပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ခြီခြောက်ခြဲ|ခြောက်ခြီခြောက်ခြဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ခြဲ|ခြောက်ခြဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ခြောက်ကပ်ကပ်|ခြောက်ခြောက်ကပ်ကပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ခြောက်ခြဲခြဲ|ခြောက်ခြောက်ခြဲခြဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ခြောက်ငတ်|ခြောက်ခြောက်ငတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ခြောက်ငတ်ငတ်|ခြောက်ခြောက်ငတ်ငတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်စ|ခြောက်စ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်တောင်ဗျိုင်း|ခြောက်တောင်ဗျိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ပေါက်|ခြောက်ပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ပြစ်စင်|ခြောက်ပြစ်စင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ဘီလူး|ခြောက်ဘီလူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ရောင်း|ခြောက်ရောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်လှန့်|ခြောက်လှန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်သရော်|ခြောက်သရော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်သွိ|ခြောက်သွိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင့်ဆောင်ထိုင်|ခြောင့်ဆောင်ထိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင်းကတ်|ခြောင်းကတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင်းခြောက်|ခြောင်းခြောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင်းခြောင်း|ခြောင်းခြောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင်းဆိုး|ခြောင်းဆိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင်းဆိုးသွီးပါ|ခြောင်းဆိုးသွီးပါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင်းနက်|ခြောင်းနက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင်းသံ|ခြောင်းသံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင်းဟက်|ခြောင်းဟက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင်းဟန့်|ခြောင်းဟန့်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြတ်|ခြတ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြတ်ခြတ်|ခြတ်ခြတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြတ်ခြတ်ခြောက်|ခြတ်ခြတ်ခြောက်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြိတ်|ခြိတ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြိပ်|ခြိပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိပ်ချောင်း|ခြိပ်ချောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိပ်စီး|ခြိပ်စီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိပ်တံဆိပ်|ခြိပ်တံဆိပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိပ်ပေါက်|ခြိပ်ပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိပ်ပိတ်|ခြိပ်ပိတ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြုတ်|ခြုတ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြုတ်ခြီခြုတ်ခြက်|ခြုတ်ခြီခြုတ်ခြက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုတ်ခြီခြုတ်ခြုတ်|ခြုတ်ခြီခြုတ်ခြုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုတ်ခြယ်|ခြုတ်ခြယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုတ်ခြက်|ခြုတ်ခြက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုတ်ခြုတ်ခြက်ခြက်|ခြုတ်ခြုတ်ခြက်ခြက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုတ်ခြုတ်သံ|ခြုတ်ခြုတ်သံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုတ်မ|ခြုတ်မ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုတ်မစီ|ခြုတ်မစီ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြုပ်|ခြုပ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြုပ်စပ်|ခြုပ်စပ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြံ|ခြံ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြံခတ်|ခြံခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြံချ|ခြံချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြံစည်းရိုး|ခြံစည်းရိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြံတိုင်|ခြံတိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြံတပ်|ခြံတပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြံထွက်|ခြံထွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြံပေါက်|ခြံပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြံပုပ်|ခြံပုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြံရံ|ခြံရံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြမ်း|ခြမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြမ်းကွဲ|ခြမ်းကွဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြမ်းစိ|ခြမ်းစိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိန့်|ခြိန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိမ့်|ခြိမ့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိမ့်ခြိမ့်|ခြိမ့်ခြိမ့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိမ့်ခြိမ့်သဲသဲ|ခြိမ့်ခြိမ့်သဲသဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိမ့်ညောင်း|ခြိမ့်ညောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိမ်း|ခြိမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိမ်းခြောက်|ခြိမ်းခြောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိမ်းပ|ခြိမ်းပ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိမ်းမောင်း|ခြိမ်းမောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုံ|ခြုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုံကြား|ခြုံကြား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုံဆစ်|ခြုံဆစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုံနု|ခြုံနု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုံပုတ်|ခြုံပုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုံပျစ်တော|ခြုံပျစ်တော]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုံဗျိုင်း|ခြုံဗျိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုံမုံ|ခြုံမုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုန်း|ခြုန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုန်းခြုန်း|ခြုန်းခြုန်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြို့|ခြို့]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုး|ခြိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးကပ်|ခြိုးကပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးခြီ|ခြိုးခြီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးခြံ|ခြိုးခြံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးငယ်တစ်ထိုး|ခြိုးငယ်တစ်ထိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးညို|ခြိုးညို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးညှင်း|ခြိုးညှင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးတည်ကျင်|ခြိုးတည်ကျင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးမလိုင်ဘီ|ခြိုးမလိုင်ဘီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးလင်းပြာ|ခြိုးလင်းပြာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးသစ်မြက်|ခြိုးသစ်မြက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးသိမ်း|ခြိုးသိမ်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခွ|ခွ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခွကျ|ခွကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွစကား|ခွစကား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွစပါး|ခွစပါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွစား|ခွစား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွစီး|ခွစီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဆန်|ခွဆန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဆုံ|ခွဆုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတို|ခွတို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတိုက်|ခွတိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွပစာထမင်း|ခွပစာထမင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွပတာ|ခွပတာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဖဲ|ခွဖဲ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခွါ|ခွါ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခွါတိုင်း|ခွါတိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွါထောင်|ခွါထောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွါနာ|ခွါနာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွါနာကျ|ခွါနာကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွါပြီး|ခွါပြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွါဖိနပ်|ခွါဖိနပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွါရာတိုင်း|ခွါရာတိုင်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခွီ|ခွီ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခွီခွီပြတ်|ခွီခွီပြတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီခွီသီ|ခွီခွီသီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီယိုင်|ခွီယိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီသျှေ|ခွီသျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီး|ခွီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးကတက်|ခွီးကတက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးကျကျ|ခွီးကျကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးကျော်ကြောင်ကျော်|ခွီးကျော်ကြောင်ကျော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးကျင့်ကျင့်|ခွီးကျင့်ကျင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးကျင့်ခွီးကြံ|ခွီးကျင့်ခွီးကြံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးခနင်း|ခွီးခနင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးချီးပင်နာ|ခွီးချီးပင်နာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးချီးမှို|ခွီးချီးမှို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးချီးဟင်းခနွယ်|ခွီးချီးဟင်းခနွယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးခြီထောက်|ခွီးခြီထောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးစားဝက်စား|ခွီးစားဝက်စား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးတူဝက်တူ|ခွီးတူဝက်တူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးတောက်ပင်|ခွီးတောက်ပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးတောင်းကြီး|ခွီးတောင်းကြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးထွက်သံယို|ခွီးထွက်သံယို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးနင်းကြောင်နင်း|ခွီးနင်းကြောင်နင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးပိုင်ဝက်ပိုင်|ခွီးပိုင်ဝက်ပိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးပြီးဝက်ပြီး|ခွီးပြီးဝက်ပြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးပြောင်|ခွီးပြောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးဖင်ခြောက်|ခွီးဖင်ခြောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးဖင်တွား|ခွီးဖင်တွား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးဖြစ်ဝက်ဖြစ်|ခွီးဖြစ်ဝက်ဖြစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးဘရားဝက်ဘရား|ခွီးဘရားဝက်ဘရား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးမတုံး|ခွီးမတုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးမဒုံးကျိန်တောက်စွပ်|ခွီးမဒုံးကျိန်တောက်စွပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးယေပိုး|ခွီးယေပိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးရူးနာ|ခွီးရူးနာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးရူးပြန်|ခွီးရူးပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးရွင့်ပြာ|ခွီးရွင့်ပြာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးလခပတ်သီး|ခွီးလခပတ်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးလယာ|ခွီးလယာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးလင်ကျ|ခွီးလင်ကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးလင်ပြည်|ခွီးလင်ပြည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးဝင်ကြောင်ဝင်|ခွီးဝင်ကြောင်ဝင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးဝင်စား|ခွီးဝင်စား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးသီ-သီ|ခွီးသီ-သီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးသင်းပေါင်း|ခွီးသင်းပေါင်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခွဲ|ခွဲ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲခြား|ခွဲခြား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲခြမ်း|ခွဲခြမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲခွါ|ခွဲခွါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲစိတ်|ခွဲစိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲတောင်း|ခွဲတောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲတမ်း|ခွဲတမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲထား|ခွဲထား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲထက်|ခွဲထက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲထွက်|ခွဲထွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲပုံကျ|ခွဲပုံကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲဖြာ|ခွဲဖြာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲဝီ|ခွဲဝီ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခွက်|ခွက်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခွက်ချေမုန့်|ခွက်ချေမုန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွက်ချင်းစင်|ခွက်ချင်းစင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွက်ချင်းပြီး|ခွက်ချင်းပြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွက်ချင်းလန်|ခွက်ချင်းလန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွက်ခွင်း|ခွက်ခွင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွက်စောင်းသတ်|ခွက်စောင်းသတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွက်တောင်းပြန်|ခွက်တောင်းပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွက်ပေါင်းမုန့်|ခွက်ပေါင်းမုန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွက်မှောက်|ခွက်မှောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင်|ခွင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင်ခနောက်|ခွင်ခနောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင်ခလောက်|ခွင်ခလောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင်ခြီထောက်|ခွင်ခြီထောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင်ဆရာ|ခွင်ဆရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင့်|ခွင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင့်တိုင်|ခွင့်တိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင့်တောင်း|ခွင့်တောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင့်ပီး|ခွင့်ပီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင့်ပန်|ခွင့်ပန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင့်ပြု|ခွင့်ပြု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင့်ယူ|ခွင့်ယူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင့်ရက်|ခွင့်ရက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင့်ရွှတ်|ခွင့်ရွှတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင်း|ခွင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတ်|ခွတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတ်ခွတ်|ခွတ်ခွတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတ်ဆတ်ခွတ်လတ်|ခွတ်ဆတ်ခွတ်လတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတ်တောက်|ခွတ်တောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတ်ပြင်|ခွတ်ပြင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတ်လီခွတ်လတ်|ခွတ်လီခွတ်လတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတ်လတ်ခွတ်လတ်|ခွတ်လတ်ခွတ်လတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတ်သတ်|ခွတ်သတ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခွပ်|ခွပ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခွံ|ခွံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွံဆတ်ပင်|ခွံဆတ်ပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွံဝါသျှေ|ခွံဝါသျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွံ့|ခွံ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်|ခွန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်စိုက်|ခွန်စိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်အား|ခွန်အား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်အားစိုက်|ခွန်အားစိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်း|ခွန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်းတိုက်|ခွန်းတိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်းတိုင်းချီချ|ခွန်းတိုင်းချီချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်းတိုင်းပြန်|ခွန်းတိုင်းပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်းတုတ်|ခွန်းတုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန့်တုံကြီးငယ်|ခွန့်တုံကြီးငယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်းဟချီချ|ခွန်းဟချီချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွပီး|ချွပီး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချွီး|ချွီး]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးကြီးပေါက်|ချွီးကြီးပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးခံ|ချွီးခံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးငုပ်|ချွီးငုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးစီး|ချွီးစီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးစို|ချွီးစို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးတတီးတီး|ချွီးတတီးတီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးထုတ်|ချွီးထုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးထွက်သံယို|ချွီးထွက်သံယို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးပြန်|ချွီးပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးလွန်|ချွီးလွန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးသိပ်|ချွီးသိပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးအောင်း|ချွီးအောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးအုပ်|ချွီးအုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွေညာလွမ်း|ချွေညာလွမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွေး|ချွေး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွေး-ချွေး|ချွေး-ချွေး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချွဲ|ချွဲ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချွဲကပ်|ချွဲကပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွဲကျပ်|ချွဲကျပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွဲထ|ချွဲထ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွဲပျစ်|ချွဲပျစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွဲဟက်|ချွဲဟက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွဲဟောက်|ချွဲဟောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွတ်|ချွတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွတ်ချော်|ချွတ်ချော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွတ်တွင်း|ချွတ်တွင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွတ်ထ|ချွတ်ထ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွတ်နင်း|ချွတ်နင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွတ်ယွင်း|ချွတ်ယွင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွတ်လွဲ|ချွတ်လွဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွိတ်|ချွိတ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချွန်|ချွန်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချွန်မြက်|ချွန်မြက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွန်း|ချွန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွန်းတောက်|ချွန်းတောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွန်းဖဲ|ချွန်းဖဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွ|ခြွ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွခြွ|ခြွခြွ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွခြွတက်တက်|ခြွခြွတက်တက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွခြွတင်းတင်း|ခြွခြွတင်းတင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွခြွရွရွ|ခြွခြွရွရွ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွတက်|ခြွတက်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြွာ|ခြွာ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြွာခြွာ|ခြွာခြွာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွာခြွာငေါ်ငေါ်|ခြွာခြွာငေါ်ငေါ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွာခြွာငတ်ငတ်|ခြွာခြွာငတ်ငတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွာခြွာရော်ရော်|ခြွာခြွာရော်ရော်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြွီ|ခြွီ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြွီခြွီ|ခြွီခြွီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွီခြွီသီ|ခြွီခြွီသီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွီမ|ခြွီမ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြွင်း|ခြွင်း]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြွင်းချက်|ခြွင်းချက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွင်းချန်|ခြွင်းချန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွတ်|ခြွတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွတ်ခြွတ်|ခြွတ်ခြွတ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြွန်|ခြွန်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြွန်း|ခြွန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွန်းကုတ်|ခြွန်းကုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွန်းဆိုး|ခြွန်းဆိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွန်းဖား|ခြွန်းဖား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွန်းဖားကြီး|ခြွန်းဖားကြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွန်းဖေါင်|ခြွန်းဖေါင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွန်းဖွင့်|ခြွန်းဖွင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွန်းအုပ်|ခြွန်းအုပ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြွမ်း|ခြွမ်း]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြွမ်းခြွမ်း|ခြွမ်းခြွမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွမ်းတော့နာ|ခြွမ်းတော့နာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွမ်းတမ်းခြွမ်း|ခြွမ်းတမ်းခြွမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွမ်းထိုက်|ခြွမ်းထိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွမ်းမရူ|ခြွမ်းမရူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွမ်းမြောင်း|ခြွမ်းမြောင်း]] [[Category:Wt/rki]] axdmrs0fzwxlkludxuf02q65xcz80ji 7255997 7255996 2026-07-20T01:48:17Z Retkhaberi 2609544 /* ခါး */ 7255997 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wt/rki/ရခိုင်အက္ခရာစဉ်ဇယား}} ===[[Wt/rki/ခ|ခ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခကျယ်ကျယ်|ခကျယ်ကျယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခကျယ်ခဝန်း|ခကျယ်ခဝန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခကျဉ်း|ခကျဉ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခကျောက်|ခကျောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခကျောက်ရှည်|ခကျောက်ရှည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခကျိတ်သျှေ|ခကျိတ်သျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခခ|ခခ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခခုံးမှီ|ခခုံးမှီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခခုံးမှီခခုံးမွှား|ခခုံးမှီခခုံးမွှား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခချီးစောင်|ခချီးစောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနဲ့ခနဲ့|ခနဲ့ခနဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခခွေ|ခခွေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခချောခလောသီး|ခချောခလောသီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခချဉ်ချဉ်|ခချဉ်ချဉ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခချိုးခချဉ်|ခချိုးခချဉ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဂျိတ်သျှေ|ခဂျိတ်သျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခငယ်|ခငယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခစား|ခစား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခစားဝတ်တွား|ခစားဝတ်တွား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခစီခစပ်|ခစီခစပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခစပ်|ခစပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဆတ်|ခဆတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဆတ်ဆတ်|ခဆတ်ဆတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခညောင်း|ခညောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဏ|ခဏ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဏတာ|ခဏတာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဏတစ်ဖြတ်|ခဏတစ်ဖြတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဏတစ်ဖြုတ်|ခဏတစ်ဖြုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဏဟု|ခဏဟု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတည်တည်|ခတည်တည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတော်|ခတော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတင်သီး|ခတင်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတောက်|ခတောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတောင်း|ခတောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတိမ်း|ခတိမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတိမ်းခစောင်း|ခတိမ်းခစောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတိမ်းခယိမ်း|ခတိမ်းခယိမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတိမ်းခလိမ်း|ခတိမ်းခလိမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတို|ခတို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခထည်ထည်|ခထည်ထည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဒါ|ခဒါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဒုတ်|ခဒုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဒုတ်ပွင့်|ခဒုတ်ပွင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနီကြန်|ခနီကြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနီကြန့်|ခနီကြန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနီး|ခနီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနီးပါးသျှေ|ခနီးပါးသျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနု|ခနု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနူးခနပ်|ခနူးခနပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနဲ့|ခနဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနဲ့ခနိုး|ခနဲ့ခနိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနဲ့တေ့တေ့|ခနဲ့တေ့တေ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနက်|ခနက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနက်ကောင်း|ခနက်ကောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနက်ချဉ်|ခနက်ချဉ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနက်တောင်း|ခနက်တောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနက်ပျက်|ခနက်ပျက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနက်ယှင်း|ခနက်ယှင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနက်လိုက်|ခနက်လိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနောင့်|ခနောင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနောင်း|ခနောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနောင်းခနဲ့|ခနောင်းခနဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနုတ်|ခနုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနိမ့်ခမြင့်|ခနိမ့်ခမြင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနိမ့်ခနောင်း|ခနိမ့်ခနောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနိုးခနောင်း|ခနိုးခနောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပဲ|ခပဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပင်း|ခပင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပေါင်းခတ်|ခပေါင်းခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပျက်သိ|ခပျက်သိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပြူးတူး|ခပြူးတူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပြုံးခနဲ့|ခပြုံးခနဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပြုံးခရယ်|ခပြုံးခရယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပြုံးခရွှင်|ခပြုံးခရွှင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပြုံးခသွင်|ခပြုံးခသွင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပြုံးရယ်|ခပြုံးရယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဖော်သီခဖော်သွပ်|ခဖော်သီခဖော်သွပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဖော််သွပ်|ခဖော််သွပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဖြိုးခဖြီ|ခဖြိုးခဖြီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဗျာ|ခဗျာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမသာ|ခမသာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမီးခမက်|ခမီးခမက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမည်း|ခမည်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမည်းတောင်း|ခမည်းတောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမည်းပီး|ခမည်းပီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမည်းသင့်|ခမည်းသင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမည်းသမ်း|ခမည်းသမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမက်|ခမက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမောက်|ခမောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမောင်း|ခမောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမောင်းမျက်ဝီ|ခမောင်းမျက်ဝီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယ|ခယ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယယ|ခယယ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယဝယ|ခယဝယ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယက်ခယောက်|ခယက်ခယောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယင်ကြိမ်|ခယင်ကြိမ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယင်ဝါး|ခယင်ဝါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယောက်ခယား|ခယောက်ခယား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယောက်ခယမ်း|ခယောက်ခယမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယံဝါး|ခယံဝါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယှဲခဆုတ်|ခယှဲခဆုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရာမကျောက်တန်း|ခရာမကျောက်တန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရာဝ|ခရာဝ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရားစောက်|ခရားစောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီခရော|ခရီခရော]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီး|ခရီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးကြမ်း|ခရီးကြမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးကြုံ|ခရီးကြုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးခရော်|ခရီးခရော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးခေါင်|ခရီးခေါင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးချ|ခရီးချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးစရိတ်|ခရီးစရိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးစာ|ခရီးစာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးစဉ်|ခရီးစဉ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဆက်|ခရီးဆက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဆင်|ခရီးဆင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဆိုက်|ခရီးဆိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဆိုင်|ခရီးဆိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဆောင်|ခရီးဆောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဆန့်|ခရီးဆန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဆုံ|ခရီးဆုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးတောင်း|ခရီးတောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးတင်း|ခရီးတင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးတွင်|ခရီးတွင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးထင့်|ခရီးထင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးထစ်|ခရီးထစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးထောက်|ခရီးထောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးထွက်|ခရီးထွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဒဏ်|ခရီးဒဏ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဓွန့်|ခရီးဓွန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးနှင်|ခရီးနှင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးပေါက်|ခရီးပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးပန်း|ခရီးပန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးပြင်း|ခရီးပြင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဘေး|ခရီးဘေး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးမှောင့်|ခရီးမှောင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးရောက်|ခရီးရောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးရောက်မဆိုက်|ခရီးရောက်မဆိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးရပ်စောက်|ခရီးရပ်စောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးလွန်|ခရီးလွန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးသည်|ခရီးသည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးသွား|ခရီးသွား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဦးကြိုဆို|ခရီးဦးကြိုဆို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရု|ခရု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရုခရမ်း|ခရုခရမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရုခသံ|ခရုခသံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရုထွတ်|ခရုထွတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရုပေါ်|ခရုပေါ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရုပတ်|ခရုပတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရုပတ်ကောက်|ခရုပတ်ကောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရုပတ်လမ်း|ခရုပတ်လမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရုသင်း|ခရုသင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရူးခသွတ်|ခရူးခသွတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရဲကြန့်|ခရဲကြန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရည်းပျက်|ခရည်းပျက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရော်|ခရော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရင်း|ခရင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရင်းကြား|ခရင်းကြား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရစ်ရစ်|ခရစ်ရစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရိုင်|ခရိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရိုင်ရိုင်|ခရိုင်ရိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရိုင့်ရိုင့်|ခရိုင့်ရိုင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရောင်|ခရောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရောင့်ခရာ|ခရောင့်ခရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရောင့်ခရော|ခရောင့်ခရော]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရောင်း|ခရောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရိပ်ခသံ့|ခရိပ်ခသံ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရိပ်ရိပ်|ခရိပ်ရိပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရိပ်သျှေ|ခရိပ်သျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရုတ်ခရမ်း|ခရုတ်ခရမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရမ်းကစော့|ခရမ်းကစော့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရမ်းကောင်း|ခရမ်းကောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရမ်းချဉ်|ခရမ်းချဉ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရမ်းစိတ်ကေ|ခရမ်းစိတ်ကေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရမ်းသီးလက်ကောက်ပြောင်ပြောင်တောက်|ခရမ်းသီးလက်ကောက်ပြောင်ပြောင်တောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရို့ခရမ်း|ခရို့ခရမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရို့ရို့|ခရို့ရို့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရှားရှား|ခရှားရှား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလာ|ခလာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလာချိတ်|ခလာချိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလာမပြု|ခလာမပြု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလယ်|ခလယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလောင်း|ခလောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလောင်းပန်း|ခလောင်းပန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလောင်းသီး|ခလောင်းသီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလိမ်း|ခလိမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလုံး|ခလုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလုံးတိုက်|ခလုံးတိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလုတ်ခလဲ့|ခလုတ်ခလဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလွန်းသား|ခလွန်းသား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဝါ|ခဝါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဝါချ|ခဝါချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဝါရောင်|ခဝါရောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဝါသည်|ခဝါသည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဝဲသီး|ခဝဲသီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခသလာ|ခသလာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခသလက်|ခသလက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခသံ့ခဝါ|ခသံ့ခဝါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခသံ့သံ့|ခသံ့သံ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခသွေက|ခသွေက]] *[[Wt/rki/ခသွင်ခပြင်|ခသွင်ခပြင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခသွန်က|ခသွန်က]] *[[Wt/rki/ခအီးခကြင်|ခအီးခကြင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခအောင်းခါး|ခအောင်းခါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခအုံးခါး|ခအုံးခါး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခါ|ခါ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခါ|ခါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါကျူး|ခါကျူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါချီး|ခါချီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါချဉ်|ခါချဉ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါဂြစ်|ခါဂြစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါတော်ကျူး|ခါတော်ကျူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါတိုင်း|ခါတိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါချဉ်ထုပ်|ခါချဉ်ထုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါချဉ်အုံ|ခါချဉ်အုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါထွက်|ခါထွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါဗူးမှုန့်|ခါဗူးမှုန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါလီ|ခါလီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါလီကျ|ခါလီကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါသ|ခါသ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါသလီခါသလာ|ခါသလီခါသလာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါသီခါသာ|ခါသီခါသာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါသာ|ခါသာ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခါး|ခါး]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခါး|ခါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးကျိုး|ခါးကျိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးကျိုးဒွါဒရာ|ခါးကျိုးဒွါဒရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးခါးစီးစီး|ခါးခါးစီးစီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးခါးတီတီ|ခါးခါးတီတီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးခါးတီးတီး|ခါးခါးတီးတီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးခါးတက်တက်|ခါးခါးတက်တက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးခွ|ခါးခွ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးခွတင်|ခါးခွတင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးစည်း|ခါးစည်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးစည်းအင်္ကျီ|ခါးစည်းအင်္ကျီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးစောင်း|ခါးစောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးစောင်းတင်|ခါးစောင်းတင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးစောင်းထိုး|ခါးစောင်းထိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးဆီး|ခါးဆီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးဆီးကြို|ခါးဆီးကြို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးဆစ်|ခါးဆစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးဆစ်တင်|ခါးဆစ်တင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးဆွဲကြိုး|ခါးဆွဲကြိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးတောင်း|ခါးတောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးတောင်းကျိုက်|ခါးတောင်းကျိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးတောင်းကျပ်|ခါးတောင်းကျပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးတောင်းကျိတ်|ခါးတောင်းကျိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးတောင်းချိတ်|ခါးတောင်းချိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးတောင်းဆင်|ခါးတောင်းဆင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးတောင်းတင်|ခါးတောင်းတင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးတောင်းပင့်|ခါးတောင်းပင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးထပိန်သျှေ|ခါးထပိန်သျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးထပိန်အရွယ်|ခါးထပိန်အရွယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးထစ်|ခါးထစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးထစ်တင်|ခါးထစ်တင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပေါ်|ခါးပေါ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပေါ်ဒါး|ခါးပေါ်ဒါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပိုက်|ခါးပိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပိုက်ဆောင်|ခါးပိုက်ဆောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပိုက်ထုပ်|ခါးပိုက်ထုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပိုက်အိတ်|ခါးပိုက်အိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပတ်|ခါးပတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပန်း|ခါးပန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပန်းကြိုး|ခါးပန်းကြိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပန်းပိုး|ခါးပန်းပိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပုံ|ခါးပုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပုံစွန်း|ခါးပုံစွန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပျောက်ဝန်|ခါးပျောက်ဝန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပျောင်း|ခါးပျောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးယောက်|ခါးယောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးလယ်|ခါးလယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးသလက်|ခါးသလက်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခိ|ခိ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခီ|ခီ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခု|ခု]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခုတေခု|ခုတေခု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုခံ|ခုခံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုချင်း|ခုချင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုစိုက်တိုက်|ခုစိုက်တိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုဆင့်ခုလတ်|ခုဆင့်ခုလတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုဆတ်ခုလတ်|ခုဆတ်ခုလတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုတောင်က|ခုတောင်က]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုတုံးခံ|ခုတုံးခံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုထက်တောင်ပင်|ခုထက်တောင်ပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုနတင်|ခုနတင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုနိ|ခုနိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုနှစ်စဉ်ကြယ်|ခုနှစ်စဉ်ကြယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုနှစ်ရီမှာတစ်ရီမစပ်|ခုနှစ်ရီမှာတစ်ရီမစပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုနှစ်ရက်သားကြယ်|ခုနှစ်ရက်သားကြယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုနှစ်ရက်သားသမီး|ခုနှစ်ရက်သားသမီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုနှစ်|ခုနှစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုပင်|ခုပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုပင်လောက်ပင်|ခုပင်လောက်ပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုလီခုဆတ်|ခုလီခုဆတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုလီခုလု|ခုလီခုလု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုလီခုလတ်|ခုလီခုလတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုလီနှုတ်|ခုလီနှုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုလတ်|ခုလတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုလတ်ခုလတ်|ခုလတ်ခုလတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုလုံးခုလုံး|ခုလုံးခုလုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုသော်နောက်တောင်|ခုသော်နောက်တောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုသံက|ခုသံက]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုသံခါ|ခုသံခါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုသံခု|ခုသံခု]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခူ|ခူ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခူစာပင်|ခူစာပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခူစာငှက်|ခူစာငှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခူစံ|ခူစံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခူသျှိသျှူနာ|ခူသျှိသျှူနာ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခူး|ခူး]]=== ===[[Wt/rki/ခေ|ခေ]]=== ===[[Wt/rki/ခဲ|ခဲ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခဲကလောင်|ခဲကလောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲကိုင်|ခဲကိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲကပ်|ခဲကပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲကြွပ်|ခဲကြွပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲခီခဲခက်|ခဲခီခဲခက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲခဲမွိန့်|ခဲခဲမွိန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲခဲဝါ|ခဲခဲဝါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲခက်|ခဲခက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲခတ်|ခဲခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲတံ|ခဲတံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲဆစ်|ခဲဆစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲနက်|ခဲနက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲပုပ်|ခဲပုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲပြတ်|ခဲပြတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲပြတ်တစ်ခဲ|ခဲပြတ်တစ်ခဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲဖြေ|ခဲဖြေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲမကျီ|ခဲမကျီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲမဖြူ|ခဲမဖြူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲမလယော့|ခဲမလယော့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲယဉ်း|ခဲယဉ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲယမ်းမီးကျောက်|ခဲယမ်းမီးကျောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲရာ|ခဲရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲရာခဲဆစ်|ခဲရာခဲဆစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲလို့မွိန့်လို့|ခဲလို့မွိန့်လို့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲဝါ|ခဲဝါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲဝါကျား|ခဲဝါကျား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲအို|ခဲအို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယ်မ|ခယ်မ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခေါ|ခေါ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခေါခေါ|ခေါခေါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါခွက်|ခေါခွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါခွက်တောင်းပန်|ခေါခွက်တောင်းပန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါစာ|ခေါစာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါတင်|ခေါတင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါပစာ|ခေါပစာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါပစာထမင်း|ခေါပစာထမင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါပတာ|ခေါပတာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်|ခေါ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်ခေါ်ရော်ရော်|ခေါ်ခေါ်ရော်ရော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်ခေါ်ဝေါ်ဝေါ်|ခေါ်ခေါ်ဝေါ်ဝေါ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်ဆောင်|ခေါ်ဆောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်ဆို|ခေါ်ဆို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်တော|ခေါ်တော]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်တောင်း|ခေါ်တောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်တွင်|ခေါ်တွင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်ပုံ|ခေါ်ပုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်လို့ဝေါ်လို့|ခေါ်လို့ဝေါ်လို့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်ဝေါ်|ခေါ်ဝေါ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်ဝေါ်မကျီ|ခေါ်ဝေါ်မကျီ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခက်|ခက်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခက္ကရာ|ခက္ကရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်ခရော်|ခက်ခရော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်ခဲ|ခက်ခဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်ခက်ခဲခဲ|ခက်ခက်ခဲခဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်ခက်မက်မက်|ခက်ခက်မက်မက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်ဆစ်|ခက်ဆစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်ထော်|ခက်ထော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်မ|ခက်မ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်မငါးဖြာ|ခက်မငါးဖြာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်ရာခက်ဆစ်|ခက်ရာခက်ဆစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်လံ|ခက်လံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်လံဖျား|ခက်လံဖျား]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခင်|ခင်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခင်ကုန်း|ခင်ကုန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်ခင်|ခင်ခင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်စိုင်း|ခင်စိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်တွယ်|ခင်တွယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်ပလွီ|ခင်ပလွီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်ပွန်း|ခင်ပွန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်ပွန်းမွှန်း|ခင်ပွန်းမွှန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်ပွန်းသည်|ခင်ပွန်းသည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်မင်|ခင်မင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်ရိုးတန်း|ခင်ရိုးတန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်း|ခင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်းကျင်း|ခင်းကျင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်းခင်|ခင်းခင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်းစီ|ခင်းစီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်းပျဉ်|ခင်းပျဉ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခိုက်|ခိုက်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခိုက်ခိုက်တုန်|ခိုက်ခိုက်တုန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုက်ရန်|ခိုက်ရန်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခိုင်|ခိုင်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခိုင်ခံ့|ခိုင်ခံ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုင်မာ|ခိုင်မာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုင်မြဲ|ခိုင်မြဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုင်လုံ|ခိုင်လုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုင်း|ခိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုင်းစီ|ခိုင်းစီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုင်းသတ်|ခိုင်းသတ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်|ခေါက်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ကနဲ|ခေါက်ကနဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ကြောင်း|ခေါက်ကြောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ကွိ|ခေါက်ကွိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ခေါက်|ခေါက်ခေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ခေါက်ကျိုင်း|ခေါက်ခေါက်ကျိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ချင်း|ခေါက်ချင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ချိုး|ခေါက်ချိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်စား|ခေါက်စား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်တီခေါက်တက်|ခေါက်တီခေါက်တက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်တီခေါက်တောက်|ခေါက်တီခေါက်တောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်တုံ့|ခေါက်တုံ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်တုံ့ခေါက်ပြန်|ခေါက်တုံ့ခေါက်ပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်တုံ့ပီး|ခေါက်တုံ့ပီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်တုံ့ပြန်|ခေါက်တုံ့ပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ပြန်|ခေါက်ပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်မီ|ခေါက်မီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ယာ|ခေါက်ယာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ရက်|ခေါက်ရက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ရောက်|ခေါက်ရောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ရန်း|ခေါက်ရန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ရွှက်ယင့်|ခေါက်ရွှက်ယင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်သား|ခေါက်သား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်သီး|ခေါက်သီး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်|ခေါင်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ခတ်|ခေါင်ခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ခိုက်|ခေါင်ခိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ခေါက်|ခေါက်ခေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ခေါင်|ခေါက်ခေါင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ခေါင်ဖျားဖျား|ခေါက်ခေါင်ဖျားဖျား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ချိုးကစပ်တမ်း|ခေါင်ချိုးကစပ်တမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ချုပ်|ခေါင်ချုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်စီးရိုး|ခေါင်စီးရိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်စီးဝါး|ခေါင်စီးဝါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်စင်းအိမ်|ခေါင်စင်းအိမ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်စောက်|ခေါင်စောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ဆိုက်|ခေါင်ဆိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်တိုင်|ခေါင်တိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ပုပ်|ခေါင်ပုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ပိတ်|ခေါင်ပိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ပြန့်|ခေါင်ပြန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ဖိဝါး|ခေါင်ဖိဝါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ဖျား|ခေါင်ဖျား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ဖျားခိုက်|ခေါင်ဖျားခိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ဖျားဆိုက်|ခေါင်ဖျားဆိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်မိုး|ခေါင်မိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်မိုးချုပ်|ခေါင်မိုးချုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ရည်|ခေါင်ရည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ရောက်|ခေါင်ရောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ရိုး|ခေါင်ရိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ရိုးတန်း|ခေါင်ရိုးတန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်အုပ်|ခေါင်အုပ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်း|ခေါင်း]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းစီး|ခေါင်းစီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းစဉ်|ခေါင်းစဉ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းစပ်|ခေါင်းစပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းဆောင်|ခေါင်းဆောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းတကာ|ခေါင်းတကာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းတလာ|ခေါင်းတလာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းတာ|ခေါင်းတာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းပါး|ခေါင်းပါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းရောင်|ခေါင်းရောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းလောင်း|ခေါင်းလောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းလောင်းပန်း|ခေါင်းလောင်းပန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းသက်|ခေါင်းသက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းသွင်း|ခေါင်းသွင်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခတ်|ခတ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်ကွင်း|ခတ်ကွင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်ကျောက်တံ|ခတ်ကျောက်တံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်ကျောက်သီး|ခတ်ကျောက်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်ခတ်|ခတ်ခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်ခတ်လုပ်|ခတ်ခတ်လုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်တက်|ခတ်တက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်တင်|ခတ်တင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်တင်စည်|ခတ်တင်စည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်တိုင်|ခတ်တိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်တိုင်းငန်|ခတ်တိုင်းငန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်တိုင်လည်|ခတ်တိုင်လည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်နှိပ်|ခတ်နှိပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ္တာကြီး|ခတ္တာကြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ္တိယ|ခတ္တိယ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်|ခေတ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ကာလ|ခေတ်ကာလ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ကောင်း|ခေတ်ကောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ကုန်|ခေတ်ကုန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ကြို|ခေတ်ကြို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်စား|ခေတ်စား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ဆန်|ခေတ်ဆန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ဆိုးခေတ်ယုတ်|ခေတ်ဆိုးခေတ်ယုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်နောက်ကျ|ခေတ်နောက်ကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်နှောင်း|ခေတ်နှောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ပေါ်|ခေတ်ပေါ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ပျက်|ခေတ်ပျက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ပြိုင်|ခေတ်ပြိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ပြောင်း|ခေတ်ပြောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်မီ|ခေတ်မီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်လယ်|ခေတ်လယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်သစ်|ခေတ်သစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်သုဉ်း|ခေတ်သုဉ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ဟောင်း|ခေတ်ဟောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ဦး|ခေတ်ဦး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ္တ|ခေတ္တ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခပ်|ခပ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခပ်စက်|ခပ်စက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပ်စက်ခံ|ခပ်စက်ခံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပ်ဆီး|ခပ်ဆီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပ်ဆိပ်|ခပ်ဆိပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပ်တဆိတ်|ခပ်တဆိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပ်ဖုသီခပ်ဖုသွပ်|ခပ်ဖုသီခပ်ဖုသွပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပ်လှည့်မပီး|ခပ်လှည့်မပီး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခုတ်|ခုတ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခုတ်ခုတ်ကုတ်ကုတ်|ခုတ်ခုတ်ကုတ်ကုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုတ်ထွင်|ခုတ်ထွင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုပ်|ခုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုပ်ထောင်|ခုပ်ထောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုပ်ပိ|ခုပ်ပိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုပ်ပိသျှေ|ခုပ်ပိသျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုပ်ဖိ|ခုပ်ဖိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုပ်ဘိ|ခုပ်ဘိ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခံ|ခံ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခံစား|ခံစား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံစစ်|ခံစစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံဆွမ်း|ခံဆွမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံတပ်|ခံတပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံနိုင်ရည်|ခံနိုင်ရည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံပျင်း|ခံပျင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံယူ|ခံယူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံယူချက်|ခံယူချက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံရပ်|ခံရပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံသာ|ခံသာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံသာပန်သာ|ခံသာပန်သာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံသိခံသာ|ခံသိခံသာ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခံ့|ခံ့]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခန္တါ|ခန္တါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္တှီ|ခန္တှီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္ဓာ|ခန္ဓာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္ဓာကိုယ်|ခန္ဓာကိုယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္ဓာကြွီ(ကြွေ)|ခန္ဓာကြွီ(ကြွေ)]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္ဓာချ|ခန္ဓာချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္ဓာဇတ်သိမ်း|ခန္ဓာဇတ်သိမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္ဓာပြောင်း|ခန္ဓာပြောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္ဓာရှို့(ရှေ့)|ခန္ဓာရှို့(ရှေ့)]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္ဓာဝန်|ခန္ဓာဝန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္ဓာဝန်ချ|ခန္ဓာဝန်ချ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခန့်|ခန့်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်ခန့်|ခန့်ခန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်ခန့်ညားညား|ခန့်ခန့်ညားညား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်ချက်|ခန့်ချက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်ခွဲ|ခန့်ခွဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်စာ|ခန့်စာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်စာနာ|ခန့်စာနာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်ညား|ခန့်ညား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်ထား|ခန့်ထား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်မှန်း|ခန့်မှန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်မှန်းချက်|ခန့်မှန်းချက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်မှန်းခြေ|ခန့်မှန်းခြေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်အပ်|ခန့်အပ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခန်း|ခန်း]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခန်းဆီး|ခန်းဆီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန်းဆောင်|ခန်းဆောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန်းနေ|ခန်းနေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန်းမ|ခန်းမ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန်းမကြီး|ခန်းမကြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန်းလုံ|ခန်းလုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန်းဝါ|ခန်းဝါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန်းဝင်ခ|ခန်းဝင်ခ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန်းဝင်ပစ္စည်း|ခန်းဝင်ပစ္စည်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမ်းနား|ခမ်းနား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမ်းနားကြီးကျယ်|ခမ်းနားကြီးကျယ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခုံ|ခုံ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခုံခင်း|ခုံခင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံခုံမင်မင်|ခုံခုံမင်မင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံတင်နာရီ|ခုံတင်နာရီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံတိုင်|ခုံတိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံတစ်ယင်|ခုံတစ်ယင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံတောက်|ခုံတောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံတောက်ငှက်|ခုံတောက်ငှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံတောက်ဆောက်|ခုံတောက်ဆောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံတန်း|ခုံတန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံတန်းရှည်|ခုံတန်းရှည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံပီခုံပင်|ခုံပီခုံပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံပင်|ခုံပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံပုတ်ငှက်|ခုံပုတ်ငှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံဖိနပ်|ခုံဖိနပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံမင်|ခုံမင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံရုံး|ခုံရုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံလူကြီး|ခုံလူကြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံလယားရှည်|ခုံလယားရှည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံသမက်|ခုံသမက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုန်|ခုန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုန်ကျော်|ခုန်ကျော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုန်ချ|ခုန်ချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုန်ဆွဆွ|ခုန်ဆွဆွ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုန်ပေါက်|ခုန်ပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုန်လွှား|ခုန်လွှား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုန်းတိုင်|ခုန်းတိုင်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခို|ခို]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခိုကတ်|ခိုကတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုကပ်|ခိုကပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုကိုး|ခိုကိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုခွက်|ခိုခွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုခွက်တောင်းပြန်|ခိုခွက်တောင်းပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုစံ|ခိုစံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုတဲ|ခိုတဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုနန်းဆောင်|ခိုနန်းဆောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုမြန်း|ခိုမြန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုမှီး|ခိုမှီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုရောက်|ခိုရောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုလှုံ့|ခိုလှုံ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုဝင်|ခိုဝင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုအောင်း|ခိုအောင်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခို့|ခို့]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခိုး|ခိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးကြောင်|ခိုးကြောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးကြောင်ဝှက်ကြောင်|ခိုးကြောင်ဝှက်ကြောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးကြောင်မြွီ|ခိုးကြောင်မြွီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးချ|ခိုးချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးစားဝှက်စား|ခိုးစားဝှက်စား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးမှု|ခိုးမှု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးယူ|ခိုးယူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးရာပါပစ္စည်း|ခိုးရာပါပစ္စည်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးရာလိုက်|ခိုးရာလိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးဝှက်|ခိုးဝှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးသားကြယ်|ခိုးသားကြယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးသားဓါးမြ|ခိုးသားဓါးမြ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးသူ|ခိုးသူ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချ့|ချ့]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချခရော်ပြန်|ချခရော်ပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချ့ခုံ|ချ့ခုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချတောက်လက်ခတ်|ချတောက်လက်ခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချတံ|ချတံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဒိုးချဒါ|ချဒိုးချဒါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချနားမတီ|ချနားမတီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချပုတ်ခတ်|ချပုတ်ခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချပိတ်|ချပိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချပိတ်ဆုံး|ချပိတ်ဆုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချပြောင်းချပြန်|ချပြောင်းချပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချမတ|ချမတ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချမှတ်|ချမှတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချရား|ချရား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချရားစိတွင်းကျ|ချရားစိတွင်းကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချရားဖြူ|ချရားဖြူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချလူးချလာ|ချလူးချလာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချ့လက်တံ|ချ့လက်တံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချလောင်းချလာ|ချလောင်းချလာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချလှည့်|ချလှည့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဝါသန်|ချဝါသန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဝမ်းသန်|ချဝမ်းသန်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချာ|ချာ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချာကနဲ|ချာကနဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာချာလည်|ချာချာလည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာချိဝမ်|ချာချိဝမ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာတာလန်|ချာတာလန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာတူးလန်|ချာတူးလန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာတိုင်|ချာတိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာမ|ချာမ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာယောပင်|ချာယောပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာရေ|ချာရေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာလပတ်ရည်|ချာလပတ်ရည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာလပတ်လည်|ချာလပတ်လည်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချိ|ချိ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချိနဲ့|ချိနဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိချိပါးပါး|ချိချိပါးပါး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချီ|ချီ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချီဆတ်|ချီဆတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီတစ်ကြောင်းဆတ်တစ်ကြောင်း|ချီတစ်ကြောင်းဆတ်တစ်ကြောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီတက်|ချီတက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီတုံတစ်ခါချတုံတစ်ခေါက်|ချီတုံတစ်ခါချတုံတစ်ခေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီတုံတစ်ခါချတုံတစ်လှည့်|ချီတုံတစ်ခါချတုံတစ်လှည့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီတုံချတုံ|ချီတုံချတုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီဖား|ချီဖား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီယေပင်|ချီယေပင်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချီး|ချီး]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကပ်|ချီးကပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကန်|ချီးကန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကန်သီးကန်|ချီးကန်သီးကန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကိုင်း|ချီးကိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကိုင်းတံ|ချီးကိုင်းတံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကျူး|ချီးကျူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကြောက်ပူ|ချီးကြောက်ပူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကြောက်ယို|ချီးကြောက်ယို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကြောက်သီးကြောက်|ချီးကြောက်သီးကြောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကြောက်သန်|ချီးကြောက်သန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးခပ်သီးခပ်|ချီးခပ်သီးခပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးငေါင်ရိုး|ချီးငေါင်ရိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးငန်းလိုက်|ချီးငန်းလိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးငှား|ချီးငှား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးစားဇရက်|ချီးစားဇရက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးစားမီးရှူး|ချီးစားမီးရှူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးစိုက်|ချီးစိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးစိုက်ငတ်|ချီးစိုက်ငတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးစိုက်မွတ်|ချီးစိုက်မွတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးတန်းသွယ်|ချီးတန်းသွယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးထူ|ချီးထူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးထုပ်ပွင့်|ချီးထုပ်ပွင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးဒုံသျှေ|ချီးဒုံသျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးနုယို|ချီးနုယို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးနှီးပိုင်း|ချီးနှီးပိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးနှီးဖဲ့|ချီးနှီးဖဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးနှီးဟပ်|ချီးနှီးဟပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးနှစ်ပုတ်|ချီးနှစ်ပုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပါစား|ချီးပါစား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပါထမ်း|ချီးပါထမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပါရွက်|ချီးပါရွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပါသီးပါ|ချီးပါသီးပါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပု|ချီးပု]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပူး|ချီးပူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပူးမ|ချီးပူးမ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပင့်|ချီးပင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပေါက်|ချီးပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပေါက်မပိုး|ချီးပေါက်မပိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပေါက်ဝမ်းသန်|ချီးပေါက်ဝမ်းသန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပေါက်သန်|ချီးပေါက်သန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပေါက်အောက်မြစ်|ချီးပေါက်အောက်မြစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပုံးဂါရီ|ချီးပုံးဂါရီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပိုးထိုး|ချီးပိုးထိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးဖေါင်သာ|ချီးဖေါင်သာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးဖတ်|ချီးဖတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးဖြိန့်တုန်|ချီးဖြိန့်တုန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးများ|ချီးများ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးမွမ်း|ချီးမွမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးမွမ်းကန်ကျောက်|ချီးမွမ်းကန်ကျောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးမွမ်းကွန်နန့်ချောက်ထဲတွန်းချ|ချီးမွမ်းကွန်နန့်ချောက်ထဲတွန်းချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးမြှောက်|ချီးမြှောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးယိုအိမ်|ချီးယိုအိမ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးရောသီးရော|ချီးရောသီးရော]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးရောသီးပါ|ချီးရောသီးပါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးလူးသီးလူး|ချီးလူးသီးလူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးလုံးသေးလုံး|ချီးလုံးသေးလုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးဝမ်းပူ|ချီးဝမ်းပူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးဝမ်းသန်|ချီးဝမ်းသန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးသီးစင်|ချီးသီးစင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးသီးယို|ချီးသီးယို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးသီးအန်|ချီးသီးအန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးအူပေါက်|ချီးအူပေါက်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချူ|ချူ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချူချာဗါကျာ|ချူချာဗါကျာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချူချူပေါက်|ချူချူပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချူတံပစ်|ချူတံပစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချူနာကျ|ချူနာကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချူနာထ|ချူနာထ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချူပေါက်|ချူပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချူး|ချူး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချေ|ချေ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချေဆို|ချေဆို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချေပ|ချေပ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချေဖျက်|ချေဖျက်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချဲ့|ချဲ့]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချဲ့ထွင်|ချဲ့ထွင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချယ်|ချယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချယ်မွှန်း|ချယ်မွှန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချယ်လှယ်|ချယ်လှယ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချော|ချော]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချောကနဲ|ချောကနဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောကရောသီး|ချောကရောသီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောကလောသီး|ချောကလောသီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောကလက်သီး|ချောကလက်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောကုန်း|ချောကုန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောကျ|ချောကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောကျိ|ချောကျိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောချ|ချောချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောချူ|ချောချူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောချောကျိကျိ|ချောချောကျိကျိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောချောမောမော|ချောချောမောမော]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောချောလေ့လေ့|ချောချောလေ့လေ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောချောသီး|ချောချောသီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောညက်|ချောညက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောတောက်သီး|ချောတောက်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောတိုင်|ချောတိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောတုတ်သီး|ချောတုတ်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောတံ|ချောတံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောထီချောထုတ်|ချောထီချောထုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောပစ်|ချောပစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောမော|ချောမော]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောမွေ့|ချောမွေ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောရာ|ချောရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောလောသီး|ချောလောသီး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချော့|ချော့]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချော့ကလူ|ချော့ကလူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချော့ချလိုက်|ချော့ချလိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချော့မော့|ချော့မော့]] *[[Wt/rki/ချော်|ချော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချော်ချိချော်ချော်|ချော်ချိချော်ချော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချော်ချောင်း|ချော်ချောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချော်တီချော်တော|ချော်တီချော်တော]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောထိချော်ထော်|ချောထိချော်ထော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချော်လဲ|ချော်လဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချော်သီချော်သက်|ချော်သီချော်သက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချော်သက်|ချော်သက်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချက်|ချက်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ကောင်း|ချက်ကောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ကျ|ချက်ကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ကျပက်ကျ|ချက်ကျပက်ကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ကျလက်ကျ|ချက်ကျလက်ကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ကျောက်|ချက်ကျောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ကြိုး|ချက်ကြိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ကြွီ|ချက်ကြွီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ကြွီမြီ|ချက်ကြွီမြီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ကြွီရပ်|ချက်ကြွီရပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ခဖြုတ်|ချက်ခဖြုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ခရိုင်|ချက်ခရိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ခလှည့်ခံ|ချက်ခလှည့်ခံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ချာ|ချက်ချာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ချင်း|ချက်ချင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်စီလက်စီ|ချက်စီလက်စီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်စူ|ချက်စူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ဆို|ချက်ဆို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်တလတ်|ချက်တလတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်တိုင်|ချက်တိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်တံ|ချက်တံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်တံစ|ချက်တံစ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်နက်|ချက်နက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ပိုင်|ချက်ပိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ပြုတ်|ချက်ပြုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ပြုတ်တစ်|ချက်ပြုတ်တစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်မ|ချက်မ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်မြှုပ်|ချက်မြှုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်မြှုပ်မြီ|ချက်မြှုပ်မြီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်လက်သိ|ချက်လက်သိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်သို|ချက်သို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်အရက်|ချက်အရက်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချင်|ချင်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချင်ချင်|ချင်ချင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်ခြင်း|ချင်ခြင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်ဆီ|ချင်ဆီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်တိုင်း|ချင်တိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်မိချင်ရာ|ချင်မိချင်ရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်ရာ|ချင်ရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်ရေ|ချင်ရေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်ရေဆီ|ချင်ရေဆီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်သမျှ|ချင်သမျှ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်သရိ|ချင်သရိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်သရွိ|ချင်သရွိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင့်|ချင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင့်ချိန်|ချင့်ချိန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင့်ဆ|ချင့်ဆ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင့်တွေး|ချင့်တွေး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင့်ထောက်|ချင့်ထောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင့်ပုံ|ချင့်ပုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်း|ချင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်းခို|ချင်းခို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်းစိမ်း|ချင်းစိမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်းမမျက်နှာ|ချင်းမမျက်နှာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်းယင်း|ချင်းယင်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချစ်|ချစ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ကောင်းထမန်း|ချစ်ကောင်းထမန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ကောင်းဘနန်း|ချစ်ကောင်းဘနန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ကြိုက်|ချစ်ကြိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ကြည်ရေး|ချစ်ကြည်ရေး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ကြိုး|ချစ်ကြိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ကြိုးနှောင်|ချစ်ကြိုးနှောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ကျွမ်း၀င်|ချစ်ကျွမ်း၀င်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ခင်|ချစ်ခင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ချစ်ပူ|ချစ်ချစ်ပူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်စ|ချစ်စ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်စနိုး|ချစ်စနိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်စဖွယ်|ချစ်စဖွယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်တရာ|ချစ်တရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်တင်းဆို|ချစ်တင်းဆို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်တင်းနှော|ချစ်တင်းနှော]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်မပြယ်|ချစ်မပြယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်မက်|ချစ်မက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ယောင်ကား|ချစ်ယောင်ကား]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်|ချိုင်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်ကြိုး|ချိုင်ကြိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်|ချိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင့်ခွက်|ချိုင့်ခွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင့်ဝှမ်း|ချိုင့်ဝှမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်း|ချိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်းချိုင်းကြက်ကြက်|ချိုင်းချိုင်းကြက်ကြက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်းချိုင်းစိမ့်စိမ့်|ချိုင်းချိုင်းစိမ့်စိမ့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်းချိုင်းသာသာ|ချိုင်းချိုင်းသာသာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်းမြသာယာ|ချိုင်းမြသာယာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်းသာ|ချိုင်းသာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်းသာပီး|ချိုင်းသာပီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်းအီး|ချိုင်းအီး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်|ချဉ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ကြွ|ချဉ်ကြွ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ချောင်း|ချဉ်ချောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ချောင်းချောင်း|ချဉ်ချောင်းချောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်စုတ်စုတ်|ချဉ်စုတ်စုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ပေါက်|ချဉ်ပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ပေါင်|ချဉ်ပေါင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ပိုး|ချဉ်ပိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ပြွတ်ကေပင်|ချဉ်ပြွတ်ကေပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ဖတ်|ချဉ်ဖတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ရည်|ချဉ်ရည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်သီး|ချဉ်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ဟင်းရည်|ချဉ်ဟင်းရည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်အက်|ချဉ်အက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်း|ချဉ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်းကပ်|ချဉ်းကပ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချောက်|ချောက်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်ကမ်းပါး|ချောက်ကမ်းပါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်ကျ|ချောက်ကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်ကြား|ချောက်ကြား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်ခေါင်း|ချောက်ခေါင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်ချ|ချောက်ချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်ချား|ချောက်ချား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်ချောက်ချားချား|ချောက်ချောက်ချားချား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်ခွက်|ချောက်ခွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်ထီးချောက်ထား|ချောက်ထီးချောက်ထား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်တွန်း|ချောက်တွန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်|ချောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်ကလည်ကြောင်ပတ်|ချောင်ကလည်ကြောင်ပတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်ကပ်|ချောင်ကပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်ကုပ်|ချောင်ကုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်ကျ|ချောင်ကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်ခို|ချောင်ခို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်ချိ|ချောင်ချိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်ချောင်ချိချိ|ချောင်ချောင်ချိချိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်ထိုး|ချောင်ထိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်ချောင်လည်လည်|ချောင်ချောင်လည်လည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်း|ချောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းကျ|ချောင်းကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းကြည့်|ချောင်းကြည့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းကြိုချောင်းကြား|ချောင်းကြိုချောင်းကြား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းကြိုမြောင်းကြား|ချောင်းကြိုမြောင်းကြား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းခွ|ချောင်းခွ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းငင်|ချောင်းငင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းစီး|ချောင်းစီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းစောက်|ချောင်းစောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းဆုံ|ချောင်းဆုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းတက်|ချောင်းတက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းတိမ်|ချောင်းတိမ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းနားဟင်း|ချောင်းနားဟင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းဖက်|ချောင်းဖက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းမြောင်း|ချောင်းမြောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းရဲ|ချောင်းရဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းရိုး|ချောင်းရိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းသားစပါး|ချောင်းသားစပါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းဦးတို|ချောင်းဦးတို]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချပ်|ချပ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချပ်ချပ်သီး|ချပ်ချပ်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချပ်တစ်ရာ|ချပ်တစ်ရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချပ်ဝတ်အင်္ကျီ|ချပ်ဝတ်အင်္ကျီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိတ်|ချိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိတ်ကောက်|ချိတ်ကောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိတ်ချိတ်|ချိတ်ချိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိတ်ချွတ်|ချိတ်ချွတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိတ်စ|ချိတ်စ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိတ်ဆက်|ချိတ်ဆက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိတ်ပိုင်|ချိတ်ပိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိတ်လတ်|ချိတ်လတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိတ်သျှင်|ချိတ်သျှင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိပ်|ချိပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုပ်|ချုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုပ်ကိုင်|ချုပ်ကိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုပ်ချုပ်|ချုပ်ချုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုပ်ဂေါင်းပေါင်း|ချုပ်ဂေါင်းပေါင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုပ်စာ|ချုပ်စာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုပ်ဆို|ချုပ်ဆို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုပ်တည်း|ချုပ်တည်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုပ်ပေါင်း|ချုပ်ပေါင်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချန်|ချန်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချန်ထား|ချန်ထား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချန်လှပ်|ချန်လှပ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချမ်း|ချမ်း]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချမ်းချမ်းကြက်ကြက်|ချမ်းချမ်းကြက်ကြက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်|ချိန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်ကိုက်|ချိန်ကိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်စာကိုက်|ချိန်စာကိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်ဆ|ချိန်ဆ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်တွက်|ချိန်တွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်ရွယ်|ချိန်ရွယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်သီး|ချိန်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်း|ချိန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်းဆို|ချိန်းဆို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်းမ|ချိန်းမ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချုံ|ချုံ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချုံမိ|ချုံမိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုံ့|ချုံ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုံး|ချုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုံးချုံးကျ|ချုံးချုံးကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချို|ချို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုချောင်း|ချိုချောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုချို|ချိုချို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုချိုသာသာ|ချိုချိုသာသာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုချိုး|ချိုချိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုပိချိုပင်|ချိုပိချိုပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုပေါ့ပေါ့|ချိုပေါ့ပေါ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုပျက်ပျက်|ချိုပျက်ပျက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုပြပြ|ချိုပြပြ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုပြုံး|ချိုပြုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုမြက်မြက်|ချိုမြက်မြက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုမြိန့်မြိန့်|ချိုမြိန့်မြိန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုရေသီး|ချိုရေသီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုသာ|ချိုသာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုအီး|ချိုအီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုအီးအီး|ချိုအီးအီး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချို့|ချို့]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချို့တဲ့|ချို့တဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ချို့ထက်ဝက်|ချို့ထက်ဝက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချို့ယွင်း|ချို့ယွင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုး|ချိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုးခရွက်|ချိုးခရွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုးဆိတ်|ချိုးဆိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုးနှိမ်|ချိုးနှိမ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုးဖဲ့|ချိုးဖဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုးဖေါက်|ချိုးဖေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုးဖျက်|ချိုးဖျက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုးရီ|ချိုးရီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုးသွင်း|ချိုးသွင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြ|ခြ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြကိုက်|ခြကိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြကိုက်ခံ|ခြကိုက်ခံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြကျစ်|ခြကျစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြကျိတ်သျှ|ခြကျိတ်သျှ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြခေါင်း|ခြခေါင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြခတ်|ခြခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြချိတ်သျှေ|ခြချိတ်သျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြခြ|ခြခြ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြခြပူ|ခြခြပူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြခြသျှေ|ခြခြသျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြစား|ခြစား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြတက်|ခြတက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြပိုးတက်|ခြပိုးတက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြမည်း|ခြမည်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြသံ|ခြသံ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြာ|ခြာ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြာချဉ်|ခြာချဉ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြာခြာ|ခြာခြာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြာခြာကွဲ|ခြာခြာကွဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြာခြာပူ|ခြာခြာပူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြား|ခြား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြားခြား|ခြားခြား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြားခြားနားနား|ခြားခြားနားနား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြားနား|ခြားနား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြားနားခြင်း|ခြားနားခြင်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြိ|ခြိ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြိပီး|ခြိပီး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြီ|ခြီ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကထောင်|ခြီကထောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကုပ်|ခြီကုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကောက်|ခြီကောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကန်လက်ကန်|ခြီကန်လက်ကန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကန်လန်လက်ကန်လန်|ခြီကန်လန်လက်ကန်လန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျ|ခြီကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျလက်ပန်း|ခြီကျလက်ပန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျီး|ခြီကျီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျင်|ခြီကျင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျင်း|ခြီကျင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျင်းခတ်|ခြီကျင်းခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျင်းဝတ်|ခြီကျင်းဝတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျဉ်|ခြီကျဉ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျဉ်း|ခြီကျဉ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျဉ်းခတ်|ခြီကျဉ်းခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျောက်|ခြီကျောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျောက်ကန်|ခြီကျောက်ကန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျောက်ရှည်|ခြီကျောက်ရှည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျွ|ခြီကျွ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျွံလက်ကျွံ|ခြီကျွံလက်ကျွံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီခါလက်ခါ|ခြီခါလက်ခါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီခင်းလက်ငင်|ခြီခင်းလက်ငင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီခေါင်လက်ခေါင်|ခြီခေါင်လက်ခေါင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီခေါင်း|ခြီခေါင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီခေါင်းတက်|ခြီခေါင်းတက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီခုံ|ခြီခုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျလက်ကျ|ခြီကျလက်ကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီချီ|ခြီချီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီချီခ|ခြီချီခ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီချော်လက်ချော်|ခြီချော်လက်ချော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီချင်း|ခြီချင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီချင်းခတ်|ခြီချင်းခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီချင်းထပ်|ခြီချင်းထပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီချင်းလိမ်|ခြီချင်းလိမ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီချုပ်ထား|ခြီချုပ်ထား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီခြီငံငံ|ခြီခြီငံငံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီခွင်|ခြီခွင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဂေါ်ယာ|ခြီဂေါ်ယာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဂေါ်ယာလက်ဂေါ်ယာ|ခြီဂေါ်ယာလက်ဂေါ်ယာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီငုတ်လက်စ|ခြီငုတ်လက်စ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီငံ|ခြီငံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီငံလက်ငံ|ခြီငံလက်ငံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစလက်ငုတ်|ခြီစလက်ငုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစင်း|ခြီစင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစင်းလက်စင်း|ခြီစင်းလက်စင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစမ်း|ခြီစမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစုံ|ခြီစုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစုံလက်စုံ|ခြီစုံလက်စုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစုံကန်|ခြီစုံကန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစွယ်|ခြီစွယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစွယ်ငုတ်|ခြီစွယ်ငုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစွပ်|ခြီစွပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစွမ်းခြီစ|ခြီစွမ်းခြီစ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဆင့်|ခြီဆင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဆစ်လက်ဆစ်သီ|ခြီဆစ်လက်ဆစ်သီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဆုပ်လက်နယ်|ခြီဆုပ်လက်နယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဆန့်လက်ဆန့်|ခြီဆန့်လက်ဆန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဆုံးနပန်း|ခြီဆုံးနပန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဆွ့လက်ဆွ့|ခြီဆွ့လက်ဆွ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဆွံ့လက်ဆွံ့|ခြီဆွံ့လက်ဆွံ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီညောင်းလက်ဆန့်|ခြီညောင်းလက်ဆန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီညှိုး|ခြီညှိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတစ်ပေါင်ပဲ့|ခြီတစ်ပေါင်ပဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတားလက်တား|ခြီတားလက်တား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတော်တင်|ခြီတော်တင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတော်ရာ|ခြီတော်ရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတင်ဂေါင်းအုံး|ခြီတင်ဂေါင်းအုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတင်လက်တင်|ခြီတင်လက်တင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတင်လက်ယှက်|ခြီတင်လက်ယှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတင်သုတ်|ခြီတင်သုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတို|ခြီတို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတိုလက်တို|ခြီတိုလက်တို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီထားလက်ထား|ခြီထားလက်ထား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီထောက်|ခြီထောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီထောက်ဆွဲ|ခြီထောက်ဆွဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီထိပ်ပေါက်|ခြီထိပ်ပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီထုံ|ခြီထုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီထိုး|ခြီထိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီထွန်ထွန်လက်ထွန်ထွန်|ခြီထွန်ထွန်လက်ထွန်ထွန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဒိုးလက်|ခြီဒိုးလက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီနင်း|ခြီနင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီနင်းစက်ဘီး|ခြီနင်းစက်ဘီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီနင်းဖတ်စာ|ခြီနင်းဖတ်စာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီနိုင်လက်နိုင်|ခြီနိုင်လက်နိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီနှာရောင်|ခြီနှာရောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီပူး|ခြီပူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီပစ်လက်ပစ်|ခြီပစ်လက်ပစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီပစ်လက်ပစ်ကျ|ခြီပစ်လက်ပစ်ကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီပေါက်|ခြီပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီပေါက်လက်ပေါက်|ခြီပေါက်လက်ပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီပုန်း|ခြီပုန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီပုန်းတိုက်|ခြီပုန်းတိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီပျက်လိုက်|ခြီပျက်လိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီပြင်းတိုက်|ခြီပြင်းတိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဖနောင့်|ခြီဖနောင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဖဝါး|ခြီဖဝါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဖျား|ခြီဖျား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဖျားထောက်|ခြီဖျားထောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဖျားသိန်|ခြီဖျားသိန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမ|ခြီမ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမကိုင်တတ်လက်မကိုင်တတ်|ခြီမကိုင်တတ်လက်မကိုင်တတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမကြိုး|ခြီမကြိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမဆီးပုစွန်|ခြီမဆီးပုစွန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမနိုင်လက်မနိုင်|ခြီမနိုင်လက်မနိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမျက်စိ|ခြီမျက်စိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမဦးတည်ရာ|ခြီမဦးတည်ရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမျက်ဆစ်|ခြီမျက်ဆစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမျက်ဖု|ခြီမျက်ဖု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမြန်|ခြီမြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမြန်တပ်|ခြီမြန်တပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမြန်လက်မြန်|ခြီမြန်လက်မြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမွ|ခြီမွ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမွီးရောင်|ခြီမွီးရောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီယှုပ်|ခြီယှုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာ|ခြီရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာကောက်|ခြီရာကောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာခံ|ခြီရာခံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာစစ်|ခြီရာစစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာတိုင်း|ခြီရာတိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာနင်း|ခြီရာနင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာပျောက်|ခြီရာပျောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာပွား|ခြီရာပွား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာလက်ရာ|ခြီရာလက်ရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာလက်ရာပျောက်|ခြီရာလက်ရာပျောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရိ|ခြီရိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရင်း|ခြီရင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရင်းမြစ်ရင်း|ခြီရင်းမြစ်ရင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရှည်|ခြီရှည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလီးလက်လီး|ခြီလီးလက်လီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလီးလက်ဝန်|ခြီလီးလက်ဝန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလယ်|ခြီလယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလိမ်ချိတ်|ခြီလိမ်ချိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလွန်လက်လွန်|ခြီလွန်လက်လွန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလှမ်းကြီး|ခြီလှမ်းကြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလှမ်းပျက်|ခြီလှမ်းပျက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလှမ်းပျင်|ခြီလှမ်းပျင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလှမ်းပြင်း|ခြီလှမ်းပြင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလှမ်းမှား|ခြီလှမ်းမှား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသကျဉ်း|ခြီသကျဉ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသကျဉ်းအိမ်တိုင်|ခြီသကျဉ်းအိမ်တိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသာ|ခြီသာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသူကြွယ်|ခြီသူကြွယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသီလက်ညောင်း|ခြီသီလက်ညောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသီလက်သီ|ခြီသီလက်သီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသည်သူရဲ|ခြီသည်သူရဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသည်းလက်သည်း|ခြီသည်းလက်သည်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသောင်|ခြီသောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသုတ်ပုဆိုး|ခြီသုတ်ပုဆိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသံလက်သံ|ခြီသံလက်သံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသန်း|ခြီသန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသွက်လက်သွက်|ခြီသွက်လက်သွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသွင်|ခြီသွင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဟန်လက်ဟန်|ခြီဟန်လက်ဟန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဟုန်တိုက်|ခြီဟုန်တိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဦးပေါက်ရာ|ခြီဦးပေါက်ရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဦးလှည့်|ခြီဦးလှည့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီး|ခြီး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြူ|ခြူ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြူချီခြူယှက်|ခြူချီခြူယှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြာ|ခြူခြာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြာဖာသား|ခြူခြာဖာသား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြာဗါဂျာ|ခြူခြာဗါဂျာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြာမရ|ခြူခြာမရ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြာယှက်|ခြူခြာယှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြာယှုပ်|ခြူခြာယှုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြူယှုပ်ယှက်|ခြူခြူယှုပ်ယှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြာသက်|ခြူခြာသက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြီခြူခြာ|ခြူခြီခြူခြာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြီခြူခြတ်|ခြူခြီခြူခြတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြူ|ခြူခြူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြူခြာခြာ|ခြူခြူခြာခြာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြူယှက်ယှက်|ခြူခြူယှက်ယှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူဆောင်း|ခြူဆောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူယှက်ထိုး|ခြူယှက်ထိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြေး|ခြေး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြေးခြေး|ခြေးခြေး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြဲ|ခြဲ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြဲခြီခြဲခြောက်|ခြဲခြီခြဲခြောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြဲခြူ|ခြဲခြူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြဲခြဲခြောက်|ခြဲခြဲခြောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြဲခြဲခြောက်ခြောက်|ခြဲခြဲခြောက်ခြောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြဲခြဲမွိန့်|ခြဲခြဲမွိန့်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြည်|ခြည်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ကင်ပေါင်း|ခြည်ကင်ပေါင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ကပ်စက္ကူ|ခြည်ကပ်စက္ကူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ကျော်|ခြည်ကျော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ခင်|ခြည်ခင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ခင်စွပ်ငှက်|ခြည်ခင်စွပ်ငှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ခေါင်း|ခြည်ခေါင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ငင်|ခြည်ငင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်စာချ|ခြည်စာချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်စာနယ်|ခြည်စာနယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်စာပီး|ခြည်စာပီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ထည်|ခြည်ထည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ထုံး|ခြည်ထုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ထွီး|ခြည်ထွီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ပူး|ခြည်ပူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ပင့်ကူ|ခြည်ပင့်ကူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ပတ်|ခြည်ပတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ဖီး|ခြည်ဖီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ဖြီး|ခြည်ဖြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ဖြီးသီး|ခြည်ဖြီးသီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်မျက်စု|ခြည်မျက်စု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်မျှင်|ခြည်မျှင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ယောက်|ခြည်ယောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ဝင်|ခြည်ဝင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ဝင်အူထွက်|ခြည်ဝင်အူထွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်သီး|ခြည်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်အူထွက်|ခြည်အူထွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြယ်မ|ခြယ်မ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြော|ခြော]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြော့|ခြော့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြော်|ခြော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြော်ခြော်ငေါ်ငေါ်|ခြော်ခြော်ငေါ်ငေါ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြော်ခြော်ငတ်ငတ်|ခြော်ခြော်ငတ်ငတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြော်ခြော်ရော်ရော်|ခြော်ခြော်ရော်ရော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြက်|ခြက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြက်ခြက်မြည်|ခြက်ခြက်မြည်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြင်|ခြင်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်ကန်|ခြင်ကန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်ဆီ|ခြင်ဆီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်ထောင်|ခြင်ထောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်ပြောက်|ခြင်ပြောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်ဖိ|ခြင်ဖိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်တောင်း|ခြင်တောင်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြင့်|ခြင့်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြင့်တီးတီးလို့|ခြင့်တီးတီးလို့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင့်ထိုး|ခြင့်ထိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင့်ထိုးထိုးလို့|ခြင့်ထိုးထိုးလို့]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြင်း|ခြင်း]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်းကောက်|ခြင်းကောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်းခြင်း|ခြင်းခြင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်းခြင်းနီ|ခြင်းခြင်းနီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်းဇာတိ|ခြင်းဇာတိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်းထူး|ခြင်းထူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်းထူးခြင်းရာ|ခြင်းထူးခြင်းရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်းရာ|ခြင်းရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်းရာသွယ်|ခြင်းရာသွယ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြစ်|ခြစ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြစ်ခြစ်ခြာခြာ|ခြစ်ခြစ်ခြာခြာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုက်နှစ်|ခြိုက်နှစ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင်|ခြိုင်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင်ခြိုင်|ခြိုင်ခြိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင့်|ခြိုင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင့်ခွက်|ခြိုင့်ခွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင့်ဆွဲ|ခြိုင့်ဆွဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင့်တံ|ခြိုင့်တံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင့်တုံ|ခြိုင့်တုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင့်အံ|ခြိုင့်အံ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင်း|ခြိုင်း]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင်းခြိုင်း|ခြိုင်းခြိုင်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်|ခြောက်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ကပ်|ခြောက်ကပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ခပ်|ခြောက်ခပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ခြီခြောက်ခြဲ|ခြောက်ခြီခြောက်ခြဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ခြဲ|ခြောက်ခြဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ခြောက်ကပ်ကပ်|ခြောက်ခြောက်ကပ်ကပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ခြောက်ခြဲခြဲ|ခြောက်ခြောက်ခြဲခြဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ခြောက်ငတ်|ခြောက်ခြောက်ငတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ခြောက်ငတ်ငတ်|ခြောက်ခြောက်ငတ်ငတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်စ|ခြောက်စ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်တောင်ဗျိုင်း|ခြောက်တောင်ဗျိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ပေါက်|ခြောက်ပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ပြစ်စင်|ခြောက်ပြစ်စင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ဘီလူး|ခြောက်ဘီလူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ရောင်း|ခြောက်ရောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်လှန့်|ခြောက်လှန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်သရော်|ခြောက်သရော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်သွိ|ခြောက်သွိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင့်ဆောင်ထိုင်|ခြောင့်ဆောင်ထိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင်းကတ်|ခြောင်းကတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင်းခြောက်|ခြောင်းခြောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင်းခြောင်း|ခြောင်းခြောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင်းဆိုး|ခြောင်းဆိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင်းဆိုးသွီးပါ|ခြောင်းဆိုးသွီးပါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင်းနက်|ခြောင်းနက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင်းသံ|ခြောင်းသံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင်းဟက်|ခြောင်းဟက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင်းဟန့်|ခြောင်းဟန့်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြတ်|ခြတ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြတ်ခြတ်|ခြတ်ခြတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြတ်ခြတ်ခြောက်|ခြတ်ခြတ်ခြောက်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြိတ်|ခြိတ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြိပ်|ခြိပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိပ်ချောင်း|ခြိပ်ချောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိပ်စီး|ခြိပ်စီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိပ်တံဆိပ်|ခြိပ်တံဆိပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိပ်ပေါက်|ခြိပ်ပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိပ်ပိတ်|ခြိပ်ပိတ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြုတ်|ခြုတ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြုတ်ခြီခြုတ်ခြက်|ခြုတ်ခြီခြုတ်ခြက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုတ်ခြီခြုတ်ခြုတ်|ခြုတ်ခြီခြုတ်ခြုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုတ်ခြယ်|ခြုတ်ခြယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုတ်ခြက်|ခြုတ်ခြက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုတ်ခြုတ်ခြက်ခြက်|ခြုတ်ခြုတ်ခြက်ခြက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုတ်ခြုတ်သံ|ခြုတ်ခြုတ်သံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုတ်မ|ခြုတ်မ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုတ်မစီ|ခြုတ်မစီ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြုပ်|ခြုပ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြုပ်စပ်|ခြုပ်စပ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြံ|ခြံ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြံခတ်|ခြံခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြံချ|ခြံချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြံစည်းရိုး|ခြံစည်းရိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြံတိုင်|ခြံတိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြံတပ်|ခြံတပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြံထွက်|ခြံထွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြံပေါက်|ခြံပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြံပုပ်|ခြံပုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြံရံ|ခြံရံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြမ်း|ခြမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြမ်းကွဲ|ခြမ်းကွဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြမ်းစိ|ခြမ်းစိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိန့်|ခြိန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိမ့်|ခြိမ့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိမ့်ခြိမ့်|ခြိမ့်ခြိမ့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိမ့်ခြိမ့်သဲသဲ|ခြိမ့်ခြိမ့်သဲသဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိမ့်ညောင်း|ခြိမ့်ညောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိမ်း|ခြိမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိမ်းခြောက်|ခြိမ်းခြောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိမ်းပ|ခြိမ်းပ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိမ်းမောင်း|ခြိမ်းမောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုံ|ခြုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုံကြား|ခြုံကြား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုံဆစ်|ခြုံဆစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုံနု|ခြုံနု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုံပုတ်|ခြုံပုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုံပျစ်တော|ခြုံပျစ်တော]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုံဗျိုင်း|ခြုံဗျိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုံမုံ|ခြုံမုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုန်း|ခြုန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုန်းခြုန်း|ခြုန်းခြုန်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြို့|ခြို့]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုး|ခြိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးကပ်|ခြိုးကပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးခြီ|ခြိုးခြီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးခြံ|ခြိုးခြံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးငယ်တစ်ထိုး|ခြိုးငယ်တစ်ထိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးညို|ခြိုးညို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးညှင်း|ခြိုးညှင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးတည်ကျင်|ခြိုးတည်ကျင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးမလိုင်ဘီ|ခြိုးမလိုင်ဘီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးလင်းပြာ|ခြိုးလင်းပြာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးသစ်မြက်|ခြိုးသစ်မြက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးသိမ်း|ခြိုးသိမ်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခွ|ခွ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခွကျ|ခွကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွစကား|ခွစကား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွစပါး|ခွစပါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွစား|ခွစား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွစီး|ခွစီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဆန်|ခွဆန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဆုံ|ခွဆုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတို|ခွတို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတိုက်|ခွတိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွပစာထမင်း|ခွပစာထမင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွပတာ|ခွပတာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဖဲ|ခွဖဲ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခွါ|ခွါ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခွါတိုင်း|ခွါတိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွါထောင်|ခွါထောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွါနာ|ခွါနာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွါနာကျ|ခွါနာကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွါပြီး|ခွါပြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွါဖိနပ်|ခွါဖိနပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွါရာတိုင်း|ခွါရာတိုင်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခွီ|ခွီ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခွီခွီပြတ်|ခွီခွီပြတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီခွီသီ|ခွီခွီသီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီယိုင်|ခွီယိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီသျှေ|ခွီသျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီး|ခွီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးကတက်|ခွီးကတက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးကျကျ|ခွီးကျကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးကျော်ကြောင်ကျော်|ခွီးကျော်ကြောင်ကျော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးကျင့်ကျင့်|ခွီးကျင့်ကျင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးကျင့်ခွီးကြံ|ခွီးကျင့်ခွီးကြံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးခနင်း|ခွီးခနင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးချီးပင်နာ|ခွီးချီးပင်နာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးချီးမှို|ခွီးချီးမှို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးချီးဟင်းခနွယ်|ခွီးချီးဟင်းခနွယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးခြီထောက်|ခွီးခြီထောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးစားဝက်စား|ခွီးစားဝက်စား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးတူဝက်တူ|ခွီးတူဝက်တူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးတောက်ပင်|ခွီးတောက်ပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးတောင်းကြီး|ခွီးတောင်းကြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးထွက်သံယို|ခွီးထွက်သံယို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးနင်းကြောင်နင်း|ခွီးနင်းကြောင်နင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးပိုင်ဝက်ပိုင်|ခွီးပိုင်ဝက်ပိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးပြီးဝက်ပြီး|ခွီးပြီးဝက်ပြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးပြောင်|ခွီးပြောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးဖင်ခြောက်|ခွီးဖင်ခြောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးဖင်တွား|ခွီးဖင်တွား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးဖြစ်ဝက်ဖြစ်|ခွီးဖြစ်ဝက်ဖြစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးဘရားဝက်ဘရား|ခွီးဘရားဝက်ဘရား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးမတုံး|ခွီးမတုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးမဒုံးကျိန်တောက်စွပ်|ခွီးမဒုံးကျိန်တောက်စွပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးယေပိုး|ခွီးယေပိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးရူးနာ|ခွီးရူးနာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးရူးပြန်|ခွီးရူးပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးရွင့်ပြာ|ခွီးရွင့်ပြာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးလခပတ်သီး|ခွီးလခပတ်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးလယာ|ခွီးလယာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးလင်ကျ|ခွီးလင်ကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးလင်ပြည်|ခွီးလင်ပြည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးဝင်ကြောင်ဝင်|ခွီးဝင်ကြောင်ဝင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးဝင်စား|ခွီးဝင်စား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးသီ-သီ|ခွီးသီ-သီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးသင်းပေါင်း|ခွီးသင်းပေါင်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခွဲ|ခွဲ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲခြား|ခွဲခြား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲခြမ်း|ခွဲခြမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲခွါ|ခွဲခွါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲစိတ်|ခွဲစိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲတောင်း|ခွဲတောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲတမ်း|ခွဲတမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲထား|ခွဲထား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲထက်|ခွဲထက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲထွက်|ခွဲထွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲပုံကျ|ခွဲပုံကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲဖြာ|ခွဲဖြာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲဝီ|ခွဲဝီ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခွက်|ခွက်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခွက်ချေမုန့်|ခွက်ချေမုန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွက်ချင်းစင်|ခွက်ချင်းစင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွက်ချင်းပြီး|ခွက်ချင်းပြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွက်ချင်းလန်|ခွက်ချင်းလန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွက်ခွင်း|ခွက်ခွင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွက်စောင်းသတ်|ခွက်စောင်းသတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွက်တောင်းပြန်|ခွက်တောင်းပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွက်ပေါင်းမုန့်|ခွက်ပေါင်းမုန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွက်မှောက်|ခွက်မှောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင်|ခွင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင်ခနောက်|ခွင်ခနောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင်ခလောက်|ခွင်ခလောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင်ခြီထောက်|ခွင်ခြီထောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင်ဆရာ|ခွင်ဆရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင့်|ခွင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင့်တိုင်|ခွင့်တိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင့်တောင်း|ခွင့်တောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင့်ပီး|ခွင့်ပီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင့်ပန်|ခွင့်ပန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင့်ပြု|ခွင့်ပြု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင့်ယူ|ခွင့်ယူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင့်ရက်|ခွင့်ရက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင့်ရွှတ်|ခွင့်ရွှတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင်း|ခွင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတ်|ခွတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတ်ခွတ်|ခွတ်ခွတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတ်ဆတ်ခွတ်လတ်|ခွတ်ဆတ်ခွတ်လတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတ်တောက်|ခွတ်တောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတ်ပြင်|ခွတ်ပြင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတ်လီခွတ်လတ်|ခွတ်လီခွတ်လတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတ်လတ်ခွတ်လတ်|ခွတ်လတ်ခွတ်လတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတ်သတ်|ခွတ်သတ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခွပ်|ခွပ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခွံ|ခွံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွံဆတ်ပင်|ခွံဆတ်ပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွံဝါသျှေ|ခွံဝါသျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွံ့|ခွံ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်|ခွန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်စိုက်|ခွန်စိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်အား|ခွန်အား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်အားစိုက်|ခွန်အားစိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်း|ခွန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်းတိုက်|ခွန်းတိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်းတိုင်းချီချ|ခွန်းတိုင်းချီချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်းတိုင်းပြန်|ခွန်းတိုင်းပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်းတုတ်|ခွန်းတုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန့်တုံကြီးငယ်|ခွန့်တုံကြီးငယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်းဟချီချ|ခွန်းဟချီချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွပီး|ချွပီး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချွီး|ချွီး]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးကြီးပေါက်|ချွီးကြီးပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးခံ|ချွီးခံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးငုပ်|ချွီးငုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးစီး|ချွီးစီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးစို|ချွီးစို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးတတီးတီး|ချွီးတတီးတီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးထုတ်|ချွီးထုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးထွက်သံယို|ချွီးထွက်သံယို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးပြန်|ချွီးပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးလွန်|ချွီးလွန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးသိပ်|ချွီးသိပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးအောင်း|ချွီးအောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးအုပ်|ချွီးအုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွေညာလွမ်း|ချွေညာလွမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွေး|ချွေး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွေး-ချွေး|ချွေး-ချွေး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချွဲ|ချွဲ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချွဲကပ်|ချွဲကပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွဲကျပ်|ချွဲကျပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွဲထ|ချွဲထ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွဲပျစ်|ချွဲပျစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွဲဟက်|ချွဲဟက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွဲဟောက်|ချွဲဟောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွတ်|ချွတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွတ်ချော်|ချွတ်ချော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွတ်တွင်း|ချွတ်တွင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွတ်ထ|ချွတ်ထ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွတ်နင်း|ချွတ်နင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွတ်ယွင်း|ချွတ်ယွင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွတ်လွဲ|ချွတ်လွဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွိတ်|ချွိတ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချွန်|ချွန်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချွန်မြက်|ချွန်မြက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွန်း|ချွန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွန်းတောက်|ချွန်းတောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွန်းဖဲ|ချွန်းဖဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွ|ခြွ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွခြွ|ခြွခြွ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွခြွတက်တက်|ခြွခြွတက်တက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွခြွတင်းတင်း|ခြွခြွတင်းတင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွခြွရွရွ|ခြွခြွရွရွ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွတက်|ခြွတက်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြွာ|ခြွာ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြွာခြွာ|ခြွာခြွာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွာခြွာငေါ်ငေါ်|ခြွာခြွာငေါ်ငေါ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွာခြွာငတ်ငတ်|ခြွာခြွာငတ်ငတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွာခြွာရော်ရော်|ခြွာခြွာရော်ရော်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြွီ|ခြွီ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြွီခြွီ|ခြွီခြွီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွီခြွီသီ|ခြွီခြွီသီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွီမ|ခြွီမ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြွင်း|ခြွင်း]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြွင်းချက်|ခြွင်းချက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွင်းချန်|ခြွင်းချန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွတ်|ခြွတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွတ်ခြွတ်|ခြွတ်ခြွတ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြွန်|ခြွန်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြွန်း|ခြွန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွန်းကုတ်|ခြွန်းကုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွန်းဆိုး|ခြွန်းဆိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွန်းဖား|ခြွန်းဖား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွန်းဖားကြီး|ခြွန်းဖားကြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွန်းဖေါင်|ခြွန်းဖေါင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွန်းဖွင့်|ခြွန်းဖွင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွန်းအုပ်|ခြွန်းအုပ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြွမ်း|ခြွမ်း]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြွမ်းခြွမ်း|ခြွမ်းခြွမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွမ်းတော့နာ|ခြွမ်းတော့နာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွမ်းတမ်းခြွမ်း|ခြွမ်းတမ်းခြွမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွမ်းထိုက်|ခြွမ်းထိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွမ်းမရူ|ခြွမ်းမရူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွမ်းမြောင်း|ခြွမ်းမြောင်း]] [[Category:Wt/rki]] pndbhnd4os9kkl6q0shbs9ujkyr2f8n 7255999 7255997 2026-07-20T01:54:09Z Retkhaberi 2609544 /* ခါး */ 7255999 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wt/rki/ရခိုင်အက္ခရာစဉ်ဇယား}} ===[[Wt/rki/ခ|ခ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခကျယ်ကျယ်|ခကျယ်ကျယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခကျယ်ခဝန်း|ခကျယ်ခဝန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခကျဉ်း|ခကျဉ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခကျောက်|ခကျောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခကျောက်ရှည်|ခကျောက်ရှည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခကျိတ်သျှေ|ခကျိတ်သျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခခ|ခခ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခခုံးမှီ|ခခုံးမှီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခခုံးမှီခခုံးမွှား|ခခုံးမှီခခုံးမွှား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခချီးစောင်|ခချီးစောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနဲ့ခနဲ့|ခနဲ့ခနဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခခွေ|ခခွေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခချောခလောသီး|ခချောခလောသီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခချဉ်ချဉ်|ခချဉ်ချဉ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခချိုးခချဉ်|ခချိုးခချဉ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဂျိတ်သျှေ|ခဂျိတ်သျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခငယ်|ခငယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခစား|ခစား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခစားဝတ်တွား|ခစားဝတ်တွား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခစီခစပ်|ခစီခစပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခစပ်|ခစပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဆတ်|ခဆတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဆတ်ဆတ်|ခဆတ်ဆတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခညောင်း|ခညောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဏ|ခဏ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဏတာ|ခဏတာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဏတစ်ဖြတ်|ခဏတစ်ဖြတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဏတစ်ဖြုတ်|ခဏတစ်ဖြုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဏဟု|ခဏဟု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတည်တည်|ခတည်တည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတော်|ခတော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတင်သီး|ခတင်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတောက်|ခတောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတောင်း|ခတောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတိမ်း|ခတိမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတိမ်းခစောင်း|ခတိမ်းခစောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတိမ်းခယိမ်း|ခတိမ်းခယိမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတိမ်းခလိမ်း|ခတိမ်းခလိမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတို|ခတို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခထည်ထည်|ခထည်ထည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဒါ|ခဒါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဒုတ်|ခဒုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဒုတ်ပွင့်|ခဒုတ်ပွင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနီကြန်|ခနီကြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနီကြန့်|ခနီကြန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနီး|ခနီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနီးပါးသျှေ|ခနီးပါးသျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနု|ခနု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနူးခနပ်|ခနူးခနပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနဲ့|ခနဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနဲ့ခနိုး|ခနဲ့ခနိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနဲ့တေ့တေ့|ခနဲ့တေ့တေ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနက်|ခနက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနက်ကောင်း|ခနက်ကောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနက်ချဉ်|ခနက်ချဉ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနက်တောင်း|ခနက်တောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနက်ပျက်|ခနက်ပျက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနက်ယှင်း|ခနက်ယှင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနက်လိုက်|ခနက်လိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနောင့်|ခနောင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနောင်း|ခနောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနောင်းခနဲ့|ခနောင်းခနဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနုတ်|ခနုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနိမ့်ခမြင့်|ခနိမ့်ခမြင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနိမ့်ခနောင်း|ခနိမ့်ခနောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနိုးခနောင်း|ခနိုးခနောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပဲ|ခပဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပင်း|ခပင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပေါင်းခတ်|ခပေါင်းခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပျက်သိ|ခပျက်သိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပြူးတူး|ခပြူးတူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပြုံးခနဲ့|ခပြုံးခနဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပြုံးခရယ်|ခပြုံးခရယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပြုံးခရွှင်|ခပြုံးခရွှင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပြုံးခသွင်|ခပြုံးခသွင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပြုံးရယ်|ခပြုံးရယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဖော်သီခဖော်သွပ်|ခဖော်သီခဖော်သွပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဖော််သွပ်|ခဖော််သွပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဖြိုးခဖြီ|ခဖြိုးခဖြီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဗျာ|ခဗျာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမသာ|ခမသာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမီးခမက်|ခမီးခမက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမည်း|ခမည်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမည်းတောင်း|ခမည်းတောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမည်းပီး|ခမည်းပီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမည်းသင့်|ခမည်းသင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမည်းသမ်း|ခမည်းသမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမက်|ခမက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမောက်|ခမောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမောင်း|ခမောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမောင်းမျက်ဝီ|ခမောင်းမျက်ဝီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယ|ခယ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယယ|ခယယ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယဝယ|ခယဝယ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယက်ခယောက်|ခယက်ခယောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယင်ကြိမ်|ခယင်ကြိမ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယင်ဝါး|ခယင်ဝါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယောက်ခယား|ခယောက်ခယား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယောက်ခယမ်း|ခယောက်ခယမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယံဝါး|ခယံဝါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယှဲခဆုတ်|ခယှဲခဆုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရာမကျောက်တန်း|ခရာမကျောက်တန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရာဝ|ခရာဝ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရားစောက်|ခရားစောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီခရော|ခရီခရော]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီး|ခရီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးကြမ်း|ခရီးကြမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးကြုံ|ခရီးကြုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးခရော်|ခရီးခရော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးခေါင်|ခရီးခေါင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးချ|ခရီးချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးစရိတ်|ခရီးစရိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးစာ|ခရီးစာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးစဉ်|ခရီးစဉ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဆက်|ခရီးဆက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဆင်|ခရီးဆင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဆိုက်|ခရီးဆိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဆိုင်|ခရီးဆိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဆောင်|ခရီးဆောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဆန့်|ခရီးဆန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဆုံ|ခရီးဆုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးတောင်း|ခရီးတောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးတင်း|ခရီးတင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးတွင်|ခရီးတွင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးထင့်|ခရီးထင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးထစ်|ခရီးထစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးထောက်|ခရီးထောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးထွက်|ခရီးထွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဒဏ်|ခရီးဒဏ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဓွန့်|ခရီးဓွန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးနှင်|ခရီးနှင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးပေါက်|ခရီးပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးပန်း|ခရီးပန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးပြင်း|ခရီးပြင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဘေး|ခရီးဘေး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးမှောင့်|ခရီးမှောင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးရောက်|ခရီးရောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးရောက်မဆိုက်|ခရီးရောက်မဆိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးရပ်စောက်|ခရီးရပ်စောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးလွန်|ခရီးလွန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးသည်|ခရီးသည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးသွား|ခရီးသွား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဦးကြိုဆို|ခရီးဦးကြိုဆို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရု|ခရု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရုခရမ်း|ခရုခရမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရုခသံ|ခရုခသံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရုထွတ်|ခရုထွတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရုပေါ်|ခရုပေါ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရုပတ်|ခရုပတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရုပတ်ကောက်|ခရုပတ်ကောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရုပတ်လမ်း|ခရုပတ်လမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရုသင်း|ခရုသင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရူးခသွတ်|ခရူးခသွတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရဲကြန့်|ခရဲကြန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရည်းပျက်|ခရည်းပျက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရော်|ခရော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရင်း|ခရင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရင်းကြား|ခရင်းကြား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရစ်ရစ်|ခရစ်ရစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရိုင်|ခရိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရိုင်ရိုင်|ခရိုင်ရိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရိုင့်ရိုင့်|ခရိုင့်ရိုင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရောင်|ခရောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရောင့်ခရာ|ခရောင့်ခရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရောင့်ခရော|ခရောင့်ခရော]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရောင်း|ခရောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရိပ်ခသံ့|ခရိပ်ခသံ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရိပ်ရိပ်|ခရိပ်ရိပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရိပ်သျှေ|ခရိပ်သျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရုတ်ခရမ်း|ခရုတ်ခရမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရမ်းကစော့|ခရမ်းကစော့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရမ်းကောင်း|ခရမ်းကောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရမ်းချဉ်|ခရမ်းချဉ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရမ်းစိတ်ကေ|ခရမ်းစိတ်ကေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရမ်းသီးလက်ကောက်ပြောင်ပြောင်တောက်|ခရမ်းသီးလက်ကောက်ပြောင်ပြောင်တောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရို့ခရမ်း|ခရို့ခရမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရို့ရို့|ခရို့ရို့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရှားရှား|ခရှားရှား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလာ|ခလာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလာချိတ်|ခလာချိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလာမပြု|ခလာမပြု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလယ်|ခလယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလောင်း|ခလောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလောင်းပန်း|ခလောင်းပန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလောင်းသီး|ခလောင်းသီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလိမ်း|ခလိမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလုံး|ခလုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလုံးတိုက်|ခလုံးတိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလုတ်ခလဲ့|ခလုတ်ခလဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလွန်းသား|ခလွန်းသား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဝါ|ခဝါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဝါချ|ခဝါချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဝါရောင်|ခဝါရောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဝါသည်|ခဝါသည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဝဲသီး|ခဝဲသီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခသလာ|ခသလာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခသလက်|ခသလက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခသံ့ခဝါ|ခသံ့ခဝါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခသံ့သံ့|ခသံ့သံ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခသွေက|ခသွေက]] *[[Wt/rki/ခသွင်ခပြင်|ခသွင်ခပြင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခသွန်က|ခသွန်က]] *[[Wt/rki/ခအီးခကြင်|ခအီးခကြင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခအောင်းခါး|ခအောင်းခါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခအုံးခါး|ခအုံးခါး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခါ|ခါ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခါ|ခါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါကျူး|ခါကျူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါချီး|ခါချီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါချဉ်|ခါချဉ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါဂြစ်|ခါဂြစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါတော်ကျူး|ခါတော်ကျူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါတိုင်း|ခါတိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါချဉ်ထုပ်|ခါချဉ်ထုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါချဉ်အုံ|ခါချဉ်အုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါထွက်|ခါထွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါဗူးမှုန့်|ခါဗူးမှုန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါလီ|ခါလီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါလီကျ|ခါလီကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါသ|ခါသ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါသလီခါသလာ|ခါသလီခါသလာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါသီခါသာ|ခါသီခါသာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါသာ|ခါသာ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခါး|ခါး]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခါး|ခါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးကျိုး|ခါးကျိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးကြိုးဒွါဒရာ|ခါးကြိုးဒွါဒရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးခါးစီးစီး|ခါးခါးစီးစီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးခါးတီတီ|ခါးခါးတီတီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးခါးတီးတီး|ခါးခါးတီးတီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးခါးတက်တက်|ခါးခါးတက်တက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးခွ|ခါးခွ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးခွတင်|ခါးခွတင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးစည်း|ခါးစည်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးစည်းအင်္ကျီ|ခါးစည်းအင်္ကျီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးစောင်း|ခါးစောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးစောင်းတင်|ခါးစောင်းတင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးစောင်းထိုး|ခါးစောင်းထိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးဆီး|ခါးဆီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးဆီးကြိုး|ခါးဆီးကြိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးဆစ်|ခါးဆစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးဆစ်တင်|ခါးဆစ်တင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးဆွဲကြိုး|ခါးဆွဲကြိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးတောင်း|ခါးတောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးတောင်းကျိုက်|ခါးတောင်းကျိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးတောင်းကျပ်|ခါးတောင်းကျပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးတောင်းကျိတ်|ခါးတောင်းကျိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးတောင်းချိတ်|ခါးတောင်းချိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးတောင်းဆင်|ခါးတောင်းဆင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးတောင်းတင်|ခါးတောင်းတင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးတောင်းပင့်|ခါးတောင်းပင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးထပိန်သျှေ|ခါးထပိန်သျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးထပိန်အရွယ်|ခါးထပိန်အရွယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးထစ်|ခါးထစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးထစ်တင်|ခါးထစ်တင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပေါ်|ခါးပေါ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပေါ်ဒါး|ခါးပေါ်ဒါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပိုက်|ခါးပိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပိုက်ဆောင်|ခါးပိုက်ဆောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပိုက်ထုပ်|ခါးပိုက်ထုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပိုက်အိတ်|ခါးပိုက်အိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပတ်|ခါးပတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပန်း|ခါးပန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပန်းကြိုး|ခါးပန်းကြိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပန်းပိုး|ခါးပန်းပိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပုံ|ခါးပုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပုံစွန်း|ခါးပုံစွန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပျောက်ဝန်|ခါးပျောက်ဝန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပျောင်း|ခါးပျောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးယောက်|ခါးယောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးလယ်|ခါးလယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးသလက်|ခါးသလက်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခိ|ခိ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခီ|ခီ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခု|ခု]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခုတေခု|ခုတေခု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုခံ|ခုခံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုချင်း|ခုချင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုစိုက်တိုက်|ခုစိုက်တိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုဆင့်ခုလတ်|ခုဆင့်ခုလတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုဆတ်ခုလတ်|ခုဆတ်ခုလတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုတောင်က|ခုတောင်က]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုတုံးခံ|ခုတုံးခံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုထက်တောင်ပင်|ခုထက်တောင်ပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုနတင်|ခုနတင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုနိ|ခုနိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုနှစ်စဉ်ကြယ်|ခုနှစ်စဉ်ကြယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုနှစ်ရီမှာတစ်ရီမစပ်|ခုနှစ်ရီမှာတစ်ရီမစပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုနှစ်ရက်သားကြယ်|ခုနှစ်ရက်သားကြယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုနှစ်ရက်သားသမီး|ခုနှစ်ရက်သားသမီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုနှစ်|ခုနှစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုပင်|ခုပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုပင်လောက်ပင်|ခုပင်လောက်ပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုလီခုဆတ်|ခုလီခုဆတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုလီခုလု|ခုလီခုလု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုလီခုလတ်|ခုလီခုလတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုလီနှုတ်|ခုလီနှုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုလတ်|ခုလတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုလတ်ခုလတ်|ခုလတ်ခုလတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုလုံးခုလုံး|ခုလုံးခုလုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုသော်နောက်တောင်|ခုသော်နောက်တောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုသံက|ခုသံက]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုသံခါ|ခုသံခါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုသံခု|ခုသံခု]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခူ|ခူ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခူစာပင်|ခူစာပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခူစာငှက်|ခူစာငှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခူစံ|ခူစံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခူသျှိသျှူနာ|ခူသျှိသျှူနာ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခူး|ခူး]]=== ===[[Wt/rki/ခေ|ခေ]]=== ===[[Wt/rki/ခဲ|ခဲ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခဲကလောင်|ခဲကလောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲကိုင်|ခဲကိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲကပ်|ခဲကပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲကြွပ်|ခဲကြွပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲခီခဲခက်|ခဲခီခဲခက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲခဲမွိန့်|ခဲခဲမွိန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲခဲဝါ|ခဲခဲဝါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲခက်|ခဲခက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲခတ်|ခဲခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲတံ|ခဲတံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲဆစ်|ခဲဆစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲနက်|ခဲနက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲပုပ်|ခဲပုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲပြတ်|ခဲပြတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲပြတ်တစ်ခဲ|ခဲပြတ်တစ်ခဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲဖြေ|ခဲဖြေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲမကျီ|ခဲမကျီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲမဖြူ|ခဲမဖြူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲမလယော့|ခဲမလယော့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲယဉ်း|ခဲယဉ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲယမ်းမီးကျောက်|ခဲယမ်းမီးကျောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲရာ|ခဲရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲရာခဲဆစ်|ခဲရာခဲဆစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲလို့မွိန့်လို့|ခဲလို့မွိန့်လို့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲဝါ|ခဲဝါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲဝါကျား|ခဲဝါကျား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲအို|ခဲအို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယ်မ|ခယ်မ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခေါ|ခေါ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခေါခေါ|ခေါခေါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါခွက်|ခေါခွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါခွက်တောင်းပန်|ခေါခွက်တောင်းပန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါစာ|ခေါစာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါတင်|ခေါတင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါပစာ|ခေါပစာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါပစာထမင်း|ခေါပစာထမင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါပတာ|ခေါပတာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်|ခေါ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်ခေါ်ရော်ရော်|ခေါ်ခေါ်ရော်ရော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်ခေါ်ဝေါ်ဝေါ်|ခေါ်ခေါ်ဝေါ်ဝေါ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်ဆောင်|ခေါ်ဆောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်ဆို|ခေါ်ဆို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်တော|ခေါ်တော]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်တောင်း|ခေါ်တောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်တွင်|ခေါ်တွင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်ပုံ|ခေါ်ပုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်လို့ဝေါ်လို့|ခေါ်လို့ဝေါ်လို့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်ဝေါ်|ခေါ်ဝေါ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်ဝေါ်မကျီ|ခေါ်ဝေါ်မကျီ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခက်|ခက်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခက္ကရာ|ခက္ကရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်ခရော်|ခက်ခရော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်ခဲ|ခက်ခဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်ခက်ခဲခဲ|ခက်ခက်ခဲခဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်ခက်မက်မက်|ခက်ခက်မက်မက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်ဆစ်|ခက်ဆစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်ထော်|ခက်ထော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်မ|ခက်မ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်မငါးဖြာ|ခက်မငါးဖြာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်ရာခက်ဆစ်|ခက်ရာခက်ဆစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်လံ|ခက်လံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်လံဖျား|ခက်လံဖျား]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခင်|ခင်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခင်ကုန်း|ခင်ကုန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်ခင်|ခင်ခင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်စိုင်း|ခင်စိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်တွယ်|ခင်တွယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်ပလွီ|ခင်ပလွီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်ပွန်း|ခင်ပွန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်ပွန်းမွှန်း|ခင်ပွန်းမွှန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်ပွန်းသည်|ခင်ပွန်းသည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်မင်|ခင်မင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်ရိုးတန်း|ခင်ရိုးတန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်း|ခင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်းကျင်း|ခင်းကျင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်းခင်|ခင်းခင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်းစီ|ခင်းစီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်းပျဉ်|ခင်းပျဉ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခိုက်|ခိုက်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခိုက်ခိုက်တုန်|ခိုက်ခိုက်တုန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုက်ရန်|ခိုက်ရန်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခိုင်|ခိုင်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခိုင်ခံ့|ခိုင်ခံ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုင်မာ|ခိုင်မာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုင်မြဲ|ခိုင်မြဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုင်လုံ|ခိုင်လုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုင်း|ခိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုင်းစီ|ခိုင်းစီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုင်းသတ်|ခိုင်းသတ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်|ခေါက်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ကနဲ|ခေါက်ကနဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ကြောင်း|ခေါက်ကြောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ကွိ|ခေါက်ကွိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ခေါက်|ခေါက်ခေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ခေါက်ကျိုင်း|ခေါက်ခေါက်ကျိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ချင်း|ခေါက်ချင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ချိုး|ခေါက်ချိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်စား|ခေါက်စား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်တီခေါက်တက်|ခေါက်တီခေါက်တက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်တီခေါက်တောက်|ခေါက်တီခေါက်တောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်တုံ့|ခေါက်တုံ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်တုံ့ခေါက်ပြန်|ခေါက်တုံ့ခေါက်ပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်တုံ့ပီး|ခေါက်တုံ့ပီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်တုံ့ပြန်|ခေါက်တုံ့ပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ပြန်|ခေါက်ပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်မီ|ခေါက်မီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ယာ|ခေါက်ယာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ရက်|ခေါက်ရက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ရောက်|ခေါက်ရောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ရန်း|ခေါက်ရန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ရွှက်ယင့်|ခေါက်ရွှက်ယင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်သား|ခေါက်သား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်သီး|ခေါက်သီး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်|ခေါင်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ခတ်|ခေါင်ခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ခိုက်|ခေါင်ခိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ခေါက်|ခေါက်ခေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ခေါင်|ခေါက်ခေါင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ခေါင်ဖျားဖျား|ခေါက်ခေါင်ဖျားဖျား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ချိုးကစပ်တမ်း|ခေါင်ချိုးကစပ်တမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ချုပ်|ခေါင်ချုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်စီးရိုး|ခေါင်စီးရိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်စီးဝါး|ခေါင်စီးဝါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်စင်းအိမ်|ခေါင်စင်းအိမ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်စောက်|ခေါင်စောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ဆိုက်|ခေါင်ဆိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်တိုင်|ခေါင်တိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ပုပ်|ခေါင်ပုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ပိတ်|ခေါင်ပိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ပြန့်|ခေါင်ပြန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ဖိဝါး|ခေါင်ဖိဝါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ဖျား|ခေါင်ဖျား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ဖျားခိုက်|ခေါင်ဖျားခိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ဖျားဆိုက်|ခေါင်ဖျားဆိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်မိုး|ခေါင်မိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်မိုးချုပ်|ခေါင်မိုးချုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ရည်|ခေါင်ရည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ရောက်|ခေါင်ရောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ရိုး|ခေါင်ရိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ရိုးတန်း|ခေါင်ရိုးတန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်အုပ်|ခေါင်အုပ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်း|ခေါင်း]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းစီး|ခေါင်းစီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းစဉ်|ခေါင်းစဉ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းစပ်|ခေါင်းစပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းဆောင်|ခေါင်းဆောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းတကာ|ခေါင်းတကာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းတလာ|ခေါင်းတလာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းတာ|ခေါင်းတာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းပါး|ခေါင်းပါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းရောင်|ခေါင်းရောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းလောင်း|ခေါင်းလောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းလောင်းပန်း|ခေါင်းလောင်းပန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းသက်|ခေါင်းသက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းသွင်း|ခေါင်းသွင်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခတ်|ခတ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်ကွင်း|ခတ်ကွင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်ကျောက်တံ|ခတ်ကျောက်တံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်ကျောက်သီး|ခတ်ကျောက်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်ခတ်|ခတ်ခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်ခတ်လုပ်|ခတ်ခတ်လုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်တက်|ခတ်တက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်တင်|ခတ်တင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်တင်စည်|ခတ်တင်စည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်တိုင်|ခတ်တိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်တိုင်းငန်|ခတ်တိုင်းငန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်တိုင်လည်|ခတ်တိုင်လည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်နှိပ်|ခတ်နှိပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ္တာကြီး|ခတ္တာကြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ္တိယ|ခတ္တိယ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်|ခေတ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ကာလ|ခေတ်ကာလ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ကောင်း|ခေတ်ကောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ကုန်|ခေတ်ကုန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ကြို|ခေတ်ကြို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်စား|ခေတ်စား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ဆန်|ခေတ်ဆန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ဆိုးခေတ်ယုတ်|ခေတ်ဆိုးခေတ်ယုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်နောက်ကျ|ခေတ်နောက်ကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်နှောင်း|ခေတ်နှောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ပေါ်|ခေတ်ပေါ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ပျက်|ခေတ်ပျက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ပြိုင်|ခေတ်ပြိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ပြောင်း|ခေတ်ပြောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်မီ|ခေတ်မီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်လယ်|ခေတ်လယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်သစ်|ခေတ်သစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်သုဉ်း|ခေတ်သုဉ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ဟောင်း|ခေတ်ဟောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ဦး|ခေတ်ဦး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ္တ|ခေတ္တ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခပ်|ခပ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခပ်စက်|ခပ်စက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပ်စက်ခံ|ခပ်စက်ခံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပ်ဆီး|ခပ်ဆီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပ်ဆိပ်|ခပ်ဆိပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပ်တဆိတ်|ခပ်တဆိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပ်ဖုသီခပ်ဖုသွပ်|ခပ်ဖုသီခပ်ဖုသွပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပ်လှည့်မပီး|ခပ်လှည့်မပီး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခုတ်|ခုတ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခုတ်ခုတ်ကုတ်ကုတ်|ခုတ်ခုတ်ကုတ်ကုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုတ်ထွင်|ခုတ်ထွင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုပ်|ခုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုပ်ထောင်|ခုပ်ထောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုပ်ပိ|ခုပ်ပိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုပ်ပိသျှေ|ခုပ်ပိသျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုပ်ဖိ|ခုပ်ဖိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုပ်ဘိ|ခုပ်ဘိ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခံ|ခံ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခံစား|ခံစား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံစစ်|ခံစစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံဆွမ်း|ခံဆွမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံတပ်|ခံတပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံနိုင်ရည်|ခံနိုင်ရည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံပျင်း|ခံပျင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံယူ|ခံယူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံယူချက်|ခံယူချက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံရပ်|ခံရပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံသာ|ခံသာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံသာပန်သာ|ခံသာပန်သာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံသိခံသာ|ခံသိခံသာ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခံ့|ခံ့]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခန္တါ|ခန္တါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္တှီ|ခန္တှီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္ဓာ|ခန္ဓာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္ဓာကိုယ်|ခန္ဓာကိုယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္ဓာကြွီ(ကြွေ)|ခန္ဓာကြွီ(ကြွေ)]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္ဓာချ|ခန္ဓာချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္ဓာဇတ်သိမ်း|ခန္ဓာဇတ်သိမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္ဓာပြောင်း|ခန္ဓာပြောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္ဓာရှို့(ရှေ့)|ခန္ဓာရှို့(ရှေ့)]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္ဓာဝန်|ခန္ဓာဝန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္ဓာဝန်ချ|ခန္ဓာဝန်ချ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခန့်|ခန့်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်ခန့်|ခန့်ခန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်ခန့်ညားညား|ခန့်ခန့်ညားညား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်ချက်|ခန့်ချက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်ခွဲ|ခန့်ခွဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်စာ|ခန့်စာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်စာနာ|ခန့်စာနာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်ညား|ခန့်ညား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်ထား|ခန့်ထား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်မှန်း|ခန့်မှန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်မှန်းချက်|ခန့်မှန်းချက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်မှန်းခြေ|ခန့်မှန်းခြေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်အပ်|ခန့်အပ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခန်း|ခန်း]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခန်းဆီး|ခန်းဆီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန်းဆောင်|ခန်းဆောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန်းနေ|ခန်းနေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန်းမ|ခန်းမ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန်းမကြီး|ခန်းမကြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန်းလုံ|ခန်းလုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန်းဝါ|ခန်းဝါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန်းဝင်ခ|ခန်းဝင်ခ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန်းဝင်ပစ္စည်း|ခန်းဝင်ပစ္စည်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမ်းနား|ခမ်းနား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမ်းနားကြီးကျယ်|ခမ်းနားကြီးကျယ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခုံ|ခုံ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခုံခင်း|ခုံခင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံခုံမင်မင်|ခုံခုံမင်မင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံတင်နာရီ|ခုံတင်နာရီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံတိုင်|ခုံတိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံတစ်ယင်|ခုံတစ်ယင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံတောက်|ခုံတောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံတောက်ငှက်|ခုံတောက်ငှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံတောက်ဆောက်|ခုံတောက်ဆောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံတန်း|ခုံတန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံတန်းရှည်|ခုံတန်းရှည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံပီခုံပင်|ခုံပီခုံပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံပင်|ခုံပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံပုတ်ငှက်|ခုံပုတ်ငှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံဖိနပ်|ခုံဖိနပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံမင်|ခုံမင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံရုံး|ခုံရုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံလူကြီး|ခုံလူကြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံလယားရှည်|ခုံလယားရှည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံသမက်|ခုံသမက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုန်|ခုန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုန်ကျော်|ခုန်ကျော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုန်ချ|ခုန်ချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုန်ဆွဆွ|ခုန်ဆွဆွ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုန်ပေါက်|ခုန်ပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုန်လွှား|ခုန်လွှား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုန်းတိုင်|ခုန်းတိုင်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခို|ခို]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခိုကတ်|ခိုကတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုကပ်|ခိုကပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုကိုး|ခိုကိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုခွက်|ခိုခွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုခွက်တောင်းပြန်|ခိုခွက်တောင်းပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုစံ|ခိုစံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုတဲ|ခိုတဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုနန်းဆောင်|ခိုနန်းဆောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုမြန်း|ခိုမြန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုမှီး|ခိုမှီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုရောက်|ခိုရောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုလှုံ့|ခိုလှုံ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုဝင်|ခိုဝင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုအောင်း|ခိုအောင်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခို့|ခို့]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခိုး|ခိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးကြောင်|ခိုးကြောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးကြောင်ဝှက်ကြောင်|ခိုးကြောင်ဝှက်ကြောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးကြောင်မြွီ|ခိုးကြောင်မြွီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးချ|ခိုးချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးစားဝှက်စား|ခိုးစားဝှက်စား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးမှု|ခိုးမှု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးယူ|ခိုးယူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးရာပါပစ္စည်း|ခိုးရာပါပစ္စည်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးရာလိုက်|ခိုးရာလိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးဝှက်|ခိုးဝှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးသားကြယ်|ခိုးသားကြယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးသားဓါးမြ|ခိုးသားဓါးမြ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးသူ|ခိုးသူ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချ့|ချ့]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချခရော်ပြန်|ချခရော်ပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချ့ခုံ|ချ့ခုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချတောက်လက်ခတ်|ချတောက်လက်ခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချတံ|ချတံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဒိုးချဒါ|ချဒိုးချဒါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချနားမတီ|ချနားမတီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချပုတ်ခတ်|ချပုတ်ခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချပိတ်|ချပိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချပိတ်ဆုံး|ချပိတ်ဆုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချပြောင်းချပြန်|ချပြောင်းချပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချမတ|ချမတ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချမှတ်|ချမှတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချရား|ချရား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချရားစိတွင်းကျ|ချရားစိတွင်းကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချရားဖြူ|ချရားဖြူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချလူးချလာ|ချလူးချလာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချ့လက်တံ|ချ့လက်တံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချလောင်းချလာ|ချလောင်းချလာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချလှည့်|ချလှည့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဝါသန်|ချဝါသန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဝမ်းသန်|ချဝမ်းသန်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချာ|ချာ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချာကနဲ|ချာကနဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာချာလည်|ချာချာလည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာချိဝမ်|ချာချိဝမ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာတာလန်|ချာတာလန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာတူးလန်|ချာတူးလန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာတိုင်|ချာတိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာမ|ချာမ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာယောပင်|ချာယောပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာရေ|ချာရေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာလပတ်ရည်|ချာလပတ်ရည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာလပတ်လည်|ချာလပတ်လည်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချိ|ချိ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချိနဲ့|ချိနဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိချိပါးပါး|ချိချိပါးပါး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချီ|ချီ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချီဆတ်|ချီဆတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီတစ်ကြောင်းဆတ်တစ်ကြောင်း|ချီတစ်ကြောင်းဆတ်တစ်ကြောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီတက်|ချီတက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီတုံတစ်ခါချတုံတစ်ခေါက်|ချီတုံတစ်ခါချတုံတစ်ခေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီတုံတစ်ခါချတုံတစ်လှည့်|ချီတုံတစ်ခါချတုံတစ်လှည့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီတုံချတုံ|ချီတုံချတုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီဖား|ချီဖား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီယေပင်|ချီယေပင်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချီး|ချီး]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကပ်|ချီးကပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကန်|ချီးကန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကန်သီးကန်|ချီးကန်သီးကန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကိုင်း|ချီးကိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကိုင်းတံ|ချီးကိုင်းတံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကျူး|ချီးကျူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကြောက်ပူ|ချီးကြောက်ပူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကြောက်ယို|ချီးကြောက်ယို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကြောက်သီးကြောက်|ချီးကြောက်သီးကြောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကြောက်သန်|ချီးကြောက်သန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးခပ်သီးခပ်|ချီးခပ်သီးခပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးငေါင်ရိုး|ချီးငေါင်ရိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးငန်းလိုက်|ချီးငန်းလိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးငှား|ချီးငှား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးစားဇရက်|ချီးစားဇရက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးစားမီးရှူး|ချီးစားမီးရှူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးစိုက်|ချီးစိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးစိုက်ငတ်|ချီးစိုက်ငတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးစိုက်မွတ်|ချီးစိုက်မွတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးတန်းသွယ်|ချီးတန်းသွယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးထူ|ချီးထူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးထုပ်ပွင့်|ချီးထုပ်ပွင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးဒုံသျှေ|ချီးဒုံသျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးနုယို|ချီးနုယို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးနှီးပိုင်း|ချီးနှီးပိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးနှီးဖဲ့|ချီးနှီးဖဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးနှီးဟပ်|ချီးနှီးဟပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးနှစ်ပုတ်|ချီးနှစ်ပုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပါစား|ချီးပါစား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပါထမ်း|ချီးပါထမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပါရွက်|ချီးပါရွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပါသီးပါ|ချီးပါသီးပါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပု|ချီးပု]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပူး|ချီးပူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပူးမ|ချီးပူးမ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပင့်|ချီးပင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပေါက်|ချီးပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပေါက်မပိုး|ချီးပေါက်မပိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပေါက်ဝမ်းသန်|ချီးပေါက်ဝမ်းသန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပေါက်သန်|ချီးပေါက်သန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပေါက်အောက်မြစ်|ချီးပေါက်အောက်မြစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပုံးဂါရီ|ချီးပုံးဂါရီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပိုးထိုး|ချီးပိုးထိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးဖေါင်သာ|ချီးဖေါင်သာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးဖတ်|ချီးဖတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးဖြိန့်တုန်|ချီးဖြိန့်တုန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးများ|ချီးများ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးမွမ်း|ချီးမွမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးမွမ်းကန်ကျောက်|ချီးမွမ်းကန်ကျောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးမွမ်းကွန်နန့်ချောက်ထဲတွန်းချ|ချီးမွမ်းကွန်နန့်ချောက်ထဲတွန်းချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးမြှောက်|ချီးမြှောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးယိုအိမ်|ချီးယိုအိမ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးရောသီးရော|ချီးရောသီးရော]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးရောသီးပါ|ချီးရောသီးပါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးလူးသီးလူး|ချီးလူးသီးလူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးလုံးသေးလုံး|ချီးလုံးသေးလုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးဝမ်းပူ|ချီးဝမ်းပူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးဝမ်းသန်|ချီးဝမ်းသန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးသီးစင်|ချီးသီးစင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးသီးယို|ချီးသီးယို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးသီးအန်|ချီးသီးအန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးအူပေါက်|ချီးအူပေါက်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချူ|ချူ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချူချာဗါကျာ|ချူချာဗါကျာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချူချူပေါက်|ချူချူပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချူတံပစ်|ချူတံပစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချူနာကျ|ချူနာကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချူနာထ|ချူနာထ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချူပေါက်|ချူပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချူး|ချူး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချေ|ချေ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချေဆို|ချေဆို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချေပ|ချေပ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချေဖျက်|ချေဖျက်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချဲ့|ချဲ့]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချဲ့ထွင်|ချဲ့ထွင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချယ်|ချယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချယ်မွှန်း|ချယ်မွှန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချယ်လှယ်|ချယ်လှယ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချော|ချော]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချောကနဲ|ချောကနဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောကရောသီး|ချောကရောသီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောကလောသီး|ချောကလောသီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောကလက်သီး|ချောကလက်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောကုန်း|ချောကုန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောကျ|ချောကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောကျိ|ချောကျိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောချ|ချောချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောချူ|ချောချူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောချောကျိကျိ|ချောချောကျိကျိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောချောမောမော|ချောချောမောမော]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောချောလေ့လေ့|ချောချောလေ့လေ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောချောသီး|ချောချောသီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောညက်|ချောညက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောတောက်သီး|ချောတောက်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောတိုင်|ချောတိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောတုတ်သီး|ချောတုတ်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောတံ|ချောတံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောထီချောထုတ်|ချောထီချောထုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောပစ်|ချောပစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောမော|ချောမော]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောမွေ့|ချောမွေ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောရာ|ချောရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောလောသီး|ချောလောသီး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချော့|ချော့]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချော့ကလူ|ချော့ကလူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချော့ချလိုက်|ချော့ချလိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချော့မော့|ချော့မော့]] *[[Wt/rki/ချော်|ချော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချော်ချိချော်ချော်|ချော်ချိချော်ချော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချော်ချောင်း|ချော်ချောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချော်တီချော်တော|ချော်တီချော်တော]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောထိချော်ထော်|ချောထိချော်ထော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချော်လဲ|ချော်လဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချော်သီချော်သက်|ချော်သီချော်သက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချော်သက်|ချော်သက်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချက်|ချက်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ကောင်း|ချက်ကောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ကျ|ချက်ကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ကျပက်ကျ|ချက်ကျပက်ကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ကျလက်ကျ|ချက်ကျလက်ကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ကျောက်|ချက်ကျောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ကြိုး|ချက်ကြိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ကြွီ|ချက်ကြွီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ကြွီမြီ|ချက်ကြွီမြီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ကြွီရပ်|ချက်ကြွီရပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ခဖြုတ်|ချက်ခဖြုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ခရိုင်|ချက်ခရိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ခလှည့်ခံ|ချက်ခလှည့်ခံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ချာ|ချက်ချာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ချင်း|ချက်ချင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်စီလက်စီ|ချက်စီလက်စီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်စူ|ချက်စူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ဆို|ချက်ဆို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်တလတ်|ချက်တလတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်တိုင်|ချက်တိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်တံ|ချက်တံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်တံစ|ချက်တံစ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်နက်|ချက်နက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ပိုင်|ချက်ပိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ပြုတ်|ချက်ပြုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ပြုတ်တစ်|ချက်ပြုတ်တစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်မ|ချက်မ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်မြှုပ်|ချက်မြှုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်မြှုပ်မြီ|ချက်မြှုပ်မြီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်လက်သိ|ချက်လက်သိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်သို|ချက်သို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်အရက်|ချက်အရက်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချင်|ချင်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချင်ချင်|ချင်ချင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်ခြင်း|ချင်ခြင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်ဆီ|ချင်ဆီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်တိုင်း|ချင်တိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်မိချင်ရာ|ချင်မိချင်ရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်ရာ|ချင်ရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်ရေ|ချင်ရေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်ရေဆီ|ချင်ရေဆီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်သမျှ|ချင်သမျှ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်သရိ|ချင်သရိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်သရွိ|ချင်သရွိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင့်|ချင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင့်ချိန်|ချင့်ချိန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင့်ဆ|ချင့်ဆ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင့်တွေး|ချင့်တွေး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင့်ထောက်|ချင့်ထောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင့်ပုံ|ချင့်ပုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်း|ချင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်းခို|ချင်းခို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်းစိမ်း|ချင်းစိမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်းမမျက်နှာ|ချင်းမမျက်နှာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်းယင်း|ချင်းယင်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချစ်|ချစ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ကောင်းထမန်း|ချစ်ကောင်းထမန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ကောင်းဘနန်း|ချစ်ကောင်းဘနန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ကြိုက်|ချစ်ကြိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ကြည်ရေး|ချစ်ကြည်ရေး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ကြိုး|ချစ်ကြိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ကြိုးနှောင်|ချစ်ကြိုးနှောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ကျွမ်း၀င်|ချစ်ကျွမ်း၀င်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ခင်|ချစ်ခင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ချစ်ပူ|ချစ်ချစ်ပူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်စ|ချစ်စ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်စနိုး|ချစ်စနိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်စဖွယ်|ချစ်စဖွယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်တရာ|ချစ်တရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်တင်းဆို|ချစ်တင်းဆို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်တင်းနှော|ချစ်တင်းနှော]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်မပြယ်|ချစ်မပြယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်မက်|ချစ်မက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ယောင်ကား|ချစ်ယောင်ကား]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်|ချိုင်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်ကြိုး|ချိုင်ကြိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်|ချိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင့်ခွက်|ချိုင့်ခွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင့်ဝှမ်း|ချိုင့်ဝှမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်း|ချိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်းချိုင်းကြက်ကြက်|ချိုင်းချိုင်းကြက်ကြက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်းချိုင်းစိမ့်စိမ့်|ချိုင်းချိုင်းစိမ့်စိမ့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်းချိုင်းသာသာ|ချိုင်းချိုင်းသာသာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်းမြသာယာ|ချိုင်းမြသာယာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်းသာ|ချိုင်းသာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်းသာပီး|ချိုင်းသာပီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်းအီး|ချိုင်းအီး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်|ချဉ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ကြွ|ချဉ်ကြွ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ချောင်း|ချဉ်ချောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ချောင်းချောင်း|ချဉ်ချောင်းချောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်စုတ်စုတ်|ချဉ်စုတ်စုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ပေါက်|ချဉ်ပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ပေါင်|ချဉ်ပေါင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ပိုး|ချဉ်ပိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ပြွတ်ကေပင်|ချဉ်ပြွတ်ကေပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ဖတ်|ချဉ်ဖတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ရည်|ချဉ်ရည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်သီး|ချဉ်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ဟင်းရည်|ချဉ်ဟင်းရည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်အက်|ချဉ်အက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်း|ချဉ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်းကပ်|ချဉ်းကပ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချောက်|ချောက်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်ကမ်းပါး|ချောက်ကမ်းပါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်ကျ|ချောက်ကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်ကြား|ချောက်ကြား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်ခေါင်း|ချောက်ခေါင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်ချ|ချောက်ချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်ချား|ချောက်ချား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်ချောက်ချားချား|ချောက်ချောက်ချားချား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်ခွက်|ချောက်ခွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်ထီးချောက်ထား|ချောက်ထီးချောက်ထား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်တွန်း|ချောက်တွန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်|ချောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်ကလည်ကြောင်ပတ်|ချောင်ကလည်ကြောင်ပတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်ကပ်|ချောင်ကပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်ကုပ်|ချောင်ကုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်ကျ|ချောင်ကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်ခို|ချောင်ခို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်ချိ|ချောင်ချိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်ချောင်ချိချိ|ချောင်ချောင်ချိချိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်ထိုး|ချောင်ထိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်ချောင်လည်လည်|ချောင်ချောင်လည်လည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်း|ချောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းကျ|ချောင်းကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းကြည့်|ချောင်းကြည့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းကြိုချောင်းကြား|ချောင်းကြိုချောင်းကြား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းကြိုမြောင်းကြား|ချောင်းကြိုမြောင်းကြား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းခွ|ချောင်းခွ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းငင်|ချောင်းငင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းစီး|ချောင်းစီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းစောက်|ချောင်းစောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းဆုံ|ချောင်းဆုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းတက်|ချောင်းတက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းတိမ်|ချောင်းတိမ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းနားဟင်း|ချောင်းနားဟင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းဖက်|ချောင်းဖက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းမြောင်း|ချောင်းမြောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းရဲ|ချောင်းရဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းရိုး|ချောင်းရိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းသားစပါး|ချောင်းသားစပါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းဦးတို|ချောင်းဦးတို]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချပ်|ချပ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချပ်ချပ်သီး|ချပ်ချပ်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချပ်တစ်ရာ|ချပ်တစ်ရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချပ်ဝတ်အင်္ကျီ|ချပ်ဝတ်အင်္ကျီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိတ်|ချိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိတ်ကောက်|ချိတ်ကောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိတ်ချိတ်|ချိတ်ချိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိတ်ချွတ်|ချိတ်ချွတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိတ်စ|ချိတ်စ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိတ်ဆက်|ချိတ်ဆက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိတ်ပိုင်|ချိတ်ပိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိတ်လတ်|ချိတ်လတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိတ်သျှင်|ချိတ်သျှင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိပ်|ချိပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုပ်|ချုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုပ်ကိုင်|ချုပ်ကိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုပ်ချုပ်|ချုပ်ချုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုပ်ဂေါင်းပေါင်း|ချုပ်ဂေါင်းပေါင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုပ်စာ|ချုပ်စာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုပ်ဆို|ချုပ်ဆို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုပ်တည်း|ချုပ်တည်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုပ်ပေါင်း|ချုပ်ပေါင်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချန်|ချန်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချန်ထား|ချန်ထား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချန်လှပ်|ချန်လှပ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချမ်း|ချမ်း]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချမ်းချမ်းကြက်ကြက်|ချမ်းချမ်းကြက်ကြက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်|ချိန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်ကိုက်|ချိန်ကိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်စာကိုက်|ချိန်စာကိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်ဆ|ချိန်ဆ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်တွက်|ချိန်တွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်ရွယ်|ချိန်ရွယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်သီး|ချိန်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်း|ချိန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်းဆို|ချိန်းဆို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်းမ|ချိန်းမ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချုံ|ချုံ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချုံမိ|ချုံမိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုံ့|ချုံ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုံး|ချုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုံးချုံးကျ|ချုံးချုံးကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချို|ချို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုချောင်း|ချိုချောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုချို|ချိုချို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုချိုသာသာ|ချိုချိုသာသာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုချိုး|ချိုချိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုပိချိုပင်|ချိုပိချိုပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုပေါ့ပေါ့|ချိုပေါ့ပေါ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုပျက်ပျက်|ချိုပျက်ပျက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုပြပြ|ချိုပြပြ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုပြုံး|ချိုပြုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုမြက်မြက်|ချိုမြက်မြက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုမြိန့်မြိန့်|ချိုမြိန့်မြိန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုရေသီး|ချိုရေသီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုသာ|ချိုသာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုအီး|ချိုအီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုအီးအီး|ချိုအီးအီး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချို့|ချို့]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချို့တဲ့|ချို့တဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ချို့ထက်ဝက်|ချို့ထက်ဝက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချို့ယွင်း|ချို့ယွင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုး|ချိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုးခရွက်|ချိုးခရွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုးဆိတ်|ချိုးဆိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုးနှိမ်|ချိုးနှိမ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုးဖဲ့|ချိုးဖဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုးဖေါက်|ချိုးဖေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုးဖျက်|ချိုးဖျက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုးရီ|ချိုးရီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုးသွင်း|ချိုးသွင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြ|ခြ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြကိုက်|ခြကိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြကိုက်ခံ|ခြကိုက်ခံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြကျစ်|ခြကျစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြကျိတ်သျှ|ခြကျိတ်သျှ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြခေါင်း|ခြခေါင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြခတ်|ခြခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြချိတ်သျှေ|ခြချိတ်သျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြခြ|ခြခြ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြခြပူ|ခြခြပူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြခြသျှေ|ခြခြသျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြစား|ခြစား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြတက်|ခြတက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြပိုးတက်|ခြပိုးတက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြမည်း|ခြမည်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြသံ|ခြသံ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြာ|ခြာ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြာချဉ်|ခြာချဉ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြာခြာ|ခြာခြာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြာခြာကွဲ|ခြာခြာကွဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြာခြာပူ|ခြာခြာပူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြား|ခြား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြားခြား|ခြားခြား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြားခြားနားနား|ခြားခြားနားနား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြားနား|ခြားနား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြားနားခြင်း|ခြားနားခြင်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြိ|ခြိ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြိပီး|ခြိပီး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြီ|ခြီ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကထောင်|ခြီကထောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကုပ်|ခြီကုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကောက်|ခြီကောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကန်လက်ကန်|ခြီကန်လက်ကန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကန်လန်လက်ကန်လန်|ခြီကန်လန်လက်ကန်လန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျ|ခြီကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျလက်ပန်း|ခြီကျလက်ပန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျီး|ခြီကျီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျင်|ခြီကျင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျင်း|ခြီကျင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျင်းခတ်|ခြီကျင်းခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျင်းဝတ်|ခြီကျင်းဝတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျဉ်|ခြီကျဉ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျဉ်း|ခြီကျဉ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျဉ်းခတ်|ခြီကျဉ်းခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျောက်|ခြီကျောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျောက်ကန်|ခြီကျောက်ကန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျောက်ရှည်|ခြီကျောက်ရှည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျွ|ခြီကျွ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျွံလက်ကျွံ|ခြီကျွံလက်ကျွံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီခါလက်ခါ|ခြီခါလက်ခါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီခင်းလက်ငင်|ခြီခင်းလက်ငင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီခေါင်လက်ခေါင်|ခြီခေါင်လက်ခေါင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီခေါင်း|ခြီခေါင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီခေါင်းတက်|ခြီခေါင်းတက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီခုံ|ခြီခုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျလက်ကျ|ခြီကျလက်ကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီချီ|ခြီချီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီချီခ|ခြီချီခ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီချော်လက်ချော်|ခြီချော်လက်ချော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီချင်း|ခြီချင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီချင်းခတ်|ခြီချင်းခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီချင်းထပ်|ခြီချင်းထပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီချင်းလိမ်|ခြီချင်းလိမ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီချုပ်ထား|ခြီချုပ်ထား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီခြီငံငံ|ခြီခြီငံငံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီခွင်|ခြီခွင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဂေါ်ယာ|ခြီဂေါ်ယာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဂေါ်ယာလက်ဂေါ်ယာ|ခြီဂေါ်ယာလက်ဂေါ်ယာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီငုတ်လက်စ|ခြီငုတ်လက်စ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီငံ|ခြီငံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီငံလက်ငံ|ခြီငံလက်ငံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစလက်ငုတ်|ခြီစလက်ငုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစင်း|ခြီစင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစင်းလက်စင်း|ခြီစင်းလက်စင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစမ်း|ခြီစမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစုံ|ခြီစုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစုံလက်စုံ|ခြီစုံလက်စုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစုံကန်|ခြီစုံကန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစွယ်|ခြီစွယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစွယ်ငုတ်|ခြီစွယ်ငုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစွပ်|ခြီစွပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစွမ်းခြီစ|ခြီစွမ်းခြီစ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဆင့်|ခြီဆင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဆစ်လက်ဆစ်သီ|ခြီဆစ်လက်ဆစ်သီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဆုပ်လက်နယ်|ခြီဆုပ်လက်နယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဆန့်လက်ဆန့်|ခြီဆန့်လက်ဆန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဆုံးနပန်း|ခြီဆုံးနပန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဆွ့လက်ဆွ့|ခြီဆွ့လက်ဆွ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဆွံ့လက်ဆွံ့|ခြီဆွံ့လက်ဆွံ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီညောင်းလက်ဆန့်|ခြီညောင်းလက်ဆန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီညှိုး|ခြီညှိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတစ်ပေါင်ပဲ့|ခြီတစ်ပေါင်ပဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတားလက်တား|ခြီတားလက်တား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတော်တင်|ခြီတော်တင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတော်ရာ|ခြီတော်ရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတင်ဂေါင်းအုံး|ခြီတင်ဂေါင်းအုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတင်လက်တင်|ခြီတင်လက်တင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတင်လက်ယှက်|ခြီတင်လက်ယှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတင်သုတ်|ခြီတင်သုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတို|ခြီတို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတိုလက်တို|ခြီတိုလက်တို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီထားလက်ထား|ခြီထားလက်ထား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီထောက်|ခြီထောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီထောက်ဆွဲ|ခြီထောက်ဆွဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီထိပ်ပေါက်|ခြီထိပ်ပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီထုံ|ခြီထုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီထိုး|ခြီထိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီထွန်ထွန်လက်ထွန်ထွန်|ခြီထွန်ထွန်လက်ထွန်ထွန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဒိုးလက်|ခြီဒိုးလက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီနင်း|ခြီနင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီနင်းစက်ဘီး|ခြီနင်းစက်ဘီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီနင်းဖတ်စာ|ခြီနင်းဖတ်စာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီနိုင်လက်နိုင်|ခြီနိုင်လက်နိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီနှာရောင်|ခြီနှာရောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီပူး|ခြီပူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီပစ်လက်ပစ်|ခြီပစ်လက်ပစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီပစ်လက်ပစ်ကျ|ခြီပစ်လက်ပစ်ကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီပေါက်|ခြီပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီပေါက်လက်ပေါက်|ခြီပေါက်လက်ပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီပုန်း|ခြီပုန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီပုန်းတိုက်|ခြီပုန်းတိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီပျက်လိုက်|ခြီပျက်လိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီပြင်းတိုက်|ခြီပြင်းတိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဖနောင့်|ခြီဖနောင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဖဝါး|ခြီဖဝါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဖျား|ခြီဖျား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဖျားထောက်|ခြီဖျားထောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဖျားသိန်|ခြီဖျားသိန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမ|ခြီမ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမကိုင်တတ်လက်မကိုင်တတ်|ခြီမကိုင်တတ်လက်မကိုင်တတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမကြိုး|ခြီမကြိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမဆီးပုစွန်|ခြီမဆီးပုစွန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမနိုင်လက်မနိုင်|ခြီမနိုင်လက်မနိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမျက်စိ|ခြီမျက်စိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမဦးတည်ရာ|ခြီမဦးတည်ရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမျက်ဆစ်|ခြီမျက်ဆစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမျက်ဖု|ခြီမျက်ဖု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမြန်|ခြီမြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမြန်တပ်|ခြီမြန်တပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမြန်လက်မြန်|ခြီမြန်လက်မြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမွ|ခြီမွ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမွီးရောင်|ခြီမွီးရောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီယှုပ်|ခြီယှုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာ|ခြီရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာကောက်|ခြီရာကောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာခံ|ခြီရာခံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာစစ်|ခြီရာစစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာတိုင်း|ခြီရာတိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာနင်း|ခြီရာနင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာပျောက်|ခြီရာပျောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာပွား|ခြီရာပွား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာလက်ရာ|ခြီရာလက်ရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာလက်ရာပျောက်|ခြီရာလက်ရာပျောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရိ|ခြီရိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရင်း|ခြီရင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရင်းမြစ်ရင်း|ခြီရင်းမြစ်ရင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရှည်|ခြီရှည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလီးလက်လီး|ခြီလီးလက်လီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလီးလက်ဝန်|ခြီလီးလက်ဝန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလယ်|ခြီလယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလိမ်ချိတ်|ခြီလိမ်ချိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလွန်လက်လွန်|ခြီလွန်လက်လွန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလှမ်းကြီး|ခြီလှမ်းကြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလှမ်းပျက်|ခြီလှမ်းပျက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလှမ်းပျင်|ခြီလှမ်းပျင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလှမ်းပြင်း|ခြီလှမ်းပြင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလှမ်းမှား|ခြီလှမ်းမှား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသကျဉ်း|ခြီသကျဉ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသကျဉ်းအိမ်တိုင်|ခြီသကျဉ်းအိမ်တိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသာ|ခြီသာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသူကြွယ်|ခြီသူကြွယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသီလက်ညောင်း|ခြီသီလက်ညောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသီလက်သီ|ခြီသီလက်သီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသည်သူရဲ|ခြီသည်သူရဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသည်းလက်သည်း|ခြီသည်းလက်သည်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသောင်|ခြီသောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသုတ်ပုဆိုး|ခြီသုတ်ပုဆိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသံလက်သံ|ခြီသံလက်သံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသန်း|ခြီသန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသွက်လက်သွက်|ခြီသွက်လက်သွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသွင်|ခြီသွင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဟန်လက်ဟန်|ခြီဟန်လက်ဟန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဟုန်တိုက်|ခြီဟုန်တိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဦးပေါက်ရာ|ခြီဦးပေါက်ရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဦးလှည့်|ခြီဦးလှည့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီး|ခြီး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြူ|ခြူ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြူချီခြူယှက်|ခြူချီခြူယှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြာ|ခြူခြာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြာဖာသား|ခြူခြာဖာသား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြာဗါဂျာ|ခြူခြာဗါဂျာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြာမရ|ခြူခြာမရ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြာယှက်|ခြူခြာယှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြာယှုပ်|ခြူခြာယှုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြူယှုပ်ယှက်|ခြူခြူယှုပ်ယှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြာသက်|ခြူခြာသက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြီခြူခြာ|ခြူခြီခြူခြာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြီခြူခြတ်|ခြူခြီခြူခြတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြူ|ခြူခြူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြူခြာခြာ|ခြူခြူခြာခြာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြူယှက်ယှက်|ခြူခြူယှက်ယှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူဆောင်း|ခြူဆောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူယှက်ထိုး|ခြူယှက်ထိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြေး|ခြေး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြေးခြေး|ခြေးခြေး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြဲ|ခြဲ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြဲခြီခြဲခြောက်|ခြဲခြီခြဲခြောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြဲခြူ|ခြဲခြူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြဲခြဲခြောက်|ခြဲခြဲခြောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြဲခြဲခြောက်ခြောက်|ခြဲခြဲခြောက်ခြောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြဲခြဲမွိန့်|ခြဲခြဲမွိန့်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြည်|ခြည်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ကင်ပေါင်း|ခြည်ကင်ပေါင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ကပ်စက္ကူ|ခြည်ကပ်စက္ကူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ကျော်|ခြည်ကျော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ခင်|ခြည်ခင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ခင်စွပ်ငှက်|ခြည်ခင်စွပ်ငှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ခေါင်း|ခြည်ခေါင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ငင်|ခြည်ငင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်စာချ|ခြည်စာချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်စာနယ်|ခြည်စာနယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်စာပီး|ခြည်စာပီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ထည်|ခြည်ထည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ထုံး|ခြည်ထုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ထွီး|ခြည်ထွီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ပူး|ခြည်ပူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ပင့်ကူ|ခြည်ပင့်ကူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ပတ်|ခြည်ပတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ဖီး|ခြည်ဖီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ဖြီး|ခြည်ဖြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ဖြီးသီး|ခြည်ဖြီးသီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်မျက်စု|ခြည်မျက်စု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်မျှင်|ခြည်မျှင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ယောက်|ခြည်ယောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ဝင်|ခြည်ဝင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ဝင်အူထွက်|ခြည်ဝင်အူထွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်သီး|ခြည်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်အူထွက်|ခြည်အူထွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြယ်မ|ခြယ်မ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြော|ခြော]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြော့|ခြော့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြော်|ခြော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြော်ခြော်ငေါ်ငေါ်|ခြော်ခြော်ငေါ်ငေါ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြော်ခြော်ငတ်ငတ်|ခြော်ခြော်ငတ်ငတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြော်ခြော်ရော်ရော်|ခြော်ခြော်ရော်ရော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြက်|ခြက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြက်ခြက်မြည်|ခြက်ခြက်မြည်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြင်|ခြင်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်ကန်|ခြင်ကန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်ဆီ|ခြင်ဆီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်ထောင်|ခြင်ထောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်ပြောက်|ခြင်ပြောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်ဖိ|ခြင်ဖိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်တောင်း|ခြင်တောင်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြင့်|ခြင့်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြင့်တီးတီးလို့|ခြင့်တီးတီးလို့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင့်ထိုး|ခြင့်ထိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင့်ထိုးထိုးလို့|ခြင့်ထိုးထိုးလို့]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြင်း|ခြင်း]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်းကောက်|ခြင်းကောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်းခြင်း|ခြင်းခြင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်းခြင်းနီ|ခြင်းခြင်းနီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်းဇာတိ|ခြင်းဇာတိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်းထူး|ခြင်းထူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်းထူးခြင်းရာ|ခြင်းထူးခြင်းရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်းရာ|ခြင်းရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်းရာသွယ်|ခြင်းရာသွယ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြစ်|ခြစ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြစ်ခြစ်ခြာခြာ|ခြစ်ခြစ်ခြာခြာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုက်နှစ်|ခြိုက်နှစ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင်|ခြိုင်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင်ခြိုင်|ခြိုင်ခြိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင့်|ခြိုင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင့်ခွက်|ခြိုင့်ခွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင့်ဆွဲ|ခြိုင့်ဆွဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင့်တံ|ခြိုင့်တံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင့်တုံ|ခြိုင့်တုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင့်အံ|ခြိုင့်အံ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင်း|ခြိုင်း]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင်းခြိုင်း|ခြိုင်းခြိုင်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်|ခြောက်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ကပ်|ခြောက်ကပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ခပ်|ခြောက်ခပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ခြီခြောက်ခြဲ|ခြောက်ခြီခြောက်ခြဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ခြဲ|ခြောက်ခြဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ခြောက်ကပ်ကပ်|ခြောက်ခြောက်ကပ်ကပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ခြောက်ခြဲခြဲ|ခြောက်ခြောက်ခြဲခြဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ခြောက်ငတ်|ခြောက်ခြောက်ငတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ခြောက်ငတ်ငတ်|ခြောက်ခြောက်ငတ်ငတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်စ|ခြောက်စ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်တောင်ဗျိုင်း|ခြောက်တောင်ဗျိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ပေါက်|ခြောက်ပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ပြစ်စင်|ခြောက်ပြစ်စင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ဘီလူး|ခြောက်ဘီလူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ရောင်း|ခြောက်ရောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်လှန့်|ခြောက်လှန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်သရော်|ခြောက်သရော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်သွိ|ခြောက်သွိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင့်ဆောင်ထိုင်|ခြောင့်ဆောင်ထိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင်းကတ်|ခြောင်းကတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင်းခြောက်|ခြောင်းခြောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင်းခြောင်း|ခြောင်းခြောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင်းဆိုး|ခြောင်းဆိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင်းဆိုးသွီးပါ|ခြောင်းဆိုးသွီးပါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင်းနက်|ခြောင်းနက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင်းသံ|ခြောင်းသံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင်းဟက်|ခြောင်းဟက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင်းဟန့်|ခြောင်းဟန့်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြတ်|ခြတ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြတ်ခြတ်|ခြတ်ခြတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြတ်ခြတ်ခြောက်|ခြတ်ခြတ်ခြောက်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြိတ်|ခြိတ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြိပ်|ခြိပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိပ်ချောင်း|ခြိပ်ချောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိပ်စီး|ခြိပ်စီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိပ်တံဆိပ်|ခြိပ်တံဆိပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိပ်ပေါက်|ခြိပ်ပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိပ်ပိတ်|ခြိပ်ပိတ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြုတ်|ခြုတ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြုတ်ခြီခြုတ်ခြက်|ခြုတ်ခြီခြုတ်ခြက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုတ်ခြီခြုတ်ခြုတ်|ခြုတ်ခြီခြုတ်ခြုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုတ်ခြယ်|ခြုတ်ခြယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုတ်ခြက်|ခြုတ်ခြက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုတ်ခြုတ်ခြက်ခြက်|ခြုတ်ခြုတ်ခြက်ခြက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုတ်ခြုတ်သံ|ခြုတ်ခြုတ်သံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုတ်မ|ခြုတ်မ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုတ်မစီ|ခြုတ်မစီ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြုပ်|ခြုပ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြုပ်စပ်|ခြုပ်စပ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြံ|ခြံ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြံခတ်|ခြံခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြံချ|ခြံချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြံစည်းရိုး|ခြံစည်းရိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြံတိုင်|ခြံတိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြံတပ်|ခြံတပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြံထွက်|ခြံထွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြံပေါက်|ခြံပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြံပုပ်|ခြံပုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြံရံ|ခြံရံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြမ်း|ခြမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြမ်းကွဲ|ခြမ်းကွဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြမ်းစိ|ခြမ်းစိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိန့်|ခြိန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိမ့်|ခြိမ့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိမ့်ခြိမ့်|ခြိမ့်ခြိမ့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိမ့်ခြိမ့်သဲသဲ|ခြိမ့်ခြိမ့်သဲသဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိမ့်ညောင်း|ခြိမ့်ညောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိမ်း|ခြိမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိမ်းခြောက်|ခြိမ်းခြောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိမ်းပ|ခြိမ်းပ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိမ်းမောင်း|ခြိမ်းမောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုံ|ခြုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုံကြား|ခြုံကြား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုံဆစ်|ခြုံဆစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုံနု|ခြုံနု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုံပုတ်|ခြုံပုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုံပျစ်တော|ခြုံပျစ်တော]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုံဗျိုင်း|ခြုံဗျိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုံမုံ|ခြုံမုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုန်း|ခြုန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုန်းခြုန်း|ခြုန်းခြုန်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြို့|ခြို့]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုး|ခြိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးကပ်|ခြိုးကပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးခြီ|ခြိုးခြီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးခြံ|ခြိုးခြံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးငယ်တစ်ထိုး|ခြိုးငယ်တစ်ထိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးညို|ခြိုးညို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးညှင်း|ခြိုးညှင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးတည်ကျင်|ခြိုးတည်ကျင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးမလိုင်ဘီ|ခြိုးမလိုင်ဘီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးလင်းပြာ|ခြိုးလင်းပြာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးသစ်မြက်|ခြိုးသစ်မြက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးသိမ်း|ခြိုးသိမ်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခွ|ခွ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခွကျ|ခွကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွစကား|ခွစကား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွစပါး|ခွစပါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွစား|ခွစား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွစီး|ခွစီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဆန်|ခွဆန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဆုံ|ခွဆုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတို|ခွတို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတိုက်|ခွတိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွပစာထမင်း|ခွပစာထမင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွပတာ|ခွပတာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဖဲ|ခွဖဲ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခွါ|ခွါ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခွါတိုင်း|ခွါတိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွါထောင်|ခွါထောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွါနာ|ခွါနာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွါနာကျ|ခွါနာကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွါပြီး|ခွါပြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွါဖိနပ်|ခွါဖိနပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွါရာတိုင်း|ခွါရာတိုင်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခွီ|ခွီ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခွီခွီပြတ်|ခွီခွီပြတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီခွီသီ|ခွီခွီသီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီယိုင်|ခွီယိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီသျှေ|ခွီသျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီး|ခွီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးကတက်|ခွီးကတက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးကျကျ|ခွီးကျကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးကျော်ကြောင်ကျော်|ခွီးကျော်ကြောင်ကျော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးကျင့်ကျင့်|ခွီးကျင့်ကျင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးကျင့်ခွီးကြံ|ခွီးကျင့်ခွီးကြံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးခနင်း|ခွီးခနင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးချီးပင်နာ|ခွီးချီးပင်နာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးချီးမှို|ခွီးချီးမှို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးချီးဟင်းခနွယ်|ခွီးချီးဟင်းခနွယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးခြီထောက်|ခွီးခြီထောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးစားဝက်စား|ခွီးစားဝက်စား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးတူဝက်တူ|ခွီးတူဝက်တူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးတောက်ပင်|ခွီးတောက်ပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးတောင်းကြီး|ခွီးတောင်းကြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးထွက်သံယို|ခွီးထွက်သံယို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးနင်းကြောင်နင်း|ခွီးနင်းကြောင်နင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးပိုင်ဝက်ပိုင်|ခွီးပိုင်ဝက်ပိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးပြီးဝက်ပြီး|ခွီးပြီးဝက်ပြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးပြောင်|ခွီးပြောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးဖင်ခြောက်|ခွီးဖင်ခြောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးဖင်တွား|ခွီးဖင်တွား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးဖြစ်ဝက်ဖြစ်|ခွီးဖြစ်ဝက်ဖြစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးဘရားဝက်ဘရား|ခွီးဘရားဝက်ဘရား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးမတုံး|ခွီးမတုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးမဒုံးကျိန်တောက်စွပ်|ခွီးမဒုံးကျိန်တောက်စွပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးယေပိုး|ခွီးယေပိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးရူးနာ|ခွီးရူးနာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးရူးပြန်|ခွီးရူးပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးရွင့်ပြာ|ခွီးရွင့်ပြာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးလခပတ်သီး|ခွီးလခပတ်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးလယာ|ခွီးလယာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးလင်ကျ|ခွီးလင်ကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးလင်ပြည်|ခွီးလင်ပြည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးဝင်ကြောင်ဝင်|ခွီးဝင်ကြောင်ဝင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးဝင်စား|ခွီးဝင်စား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးသီ-သီ|ခွီးသီ-သီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးသင်းပေါင်း|ခွီးသင်းပေါင်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခွဲ|ခွဲ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲခြား|ခွဲခြား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲခြမ်း|ခွဲခြမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲခွါ|ခွဲခွါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲစိတ်|ခွဲစိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲတောင်း|ခွဲတောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲတမ်း|ခွဲတမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲထား|ခွဲထား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲထက်|ခွဲထက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲထွက်|ခွဲထွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲပုံကျ|ခွဲပုံကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲဖြာ|ခွဲဖြာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲဝီ|ခွဲဝီ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခွက်|ခွက်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခွက်ချေမုန့်|ခွက်ချေမုန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွက်ချင်းစင်|ခွက်ချင်းစင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွက်ချင်းပြီး|ခွက်ချင်းပြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွက်ချင်းလန်|ခွက်ချင်းလန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွက်ခွင်း|ခွက်ခွင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွက်စောင်းသတ်|ခွက်စောင်းသတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွက်တောင်းပြန်|ခွက်တောင်းပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွက်ပေါင်းမုန့်|ခွက်ပေါင်းမုန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွက်မှောက်|ခွက်မှောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင်|ခွင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင်ခနောက်|ခွင်ခနောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင်ခလောက်|ခွင်ခလောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင်ခြီထောက်|ခွင်ခြီထောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင်ဆရာ|ခွင်ဆရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင့်|ခွင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင့်တိုင်|ခွင့်တိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင့်တောင်း|ခွင့်တောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင့်ပီး|ခွင့်ပီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင့်ပန်|ခွင့်ပန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင့်ပြု|ခွင့်ပြု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင့်ယူ|ခွင့်ယူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင့်ရက်|ခွင့်ရက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင့်ရွှတ်|ခွင့်ရွှတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင်း|ခွင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတ်|ခွတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတ်ခွတ်|ခွတ်ခွတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတ်ဆတ်ခွတ်လတ်|ခွတ်ဆတ်ခွတ်လတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတ်တောက်|ခွတ်တောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတ်ပြင်|ခွတ်ပြင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတ်လီခွတ်လတ်|ခွတ်လီခွတ်လတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတ်လတ်ခွတ်လတ်|ခွတ်လတ်ခွတ်လတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတ်သတ်|ခွတ်သတ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခွပ်|ခွပ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခွံ|ခွံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွံဆတ်ပင်|ခွံဆတ်ပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွံဝါသျှေ|ခွံဝါသျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွံ့|ခွံ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်|ခွန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်စိုက်|ခွန်စိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်အား|ခွန်အား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်အားစိုက်|ခွန်အားစိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်း|ခွန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်းတိုက်|ခွန်းတိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်းတိုင်းချီချ|ခွန်းတိုင်းချီချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်းတိုင်းပြန်|ခွန်းတိုင်းပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်းတုတ်|ခွန်းတုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန့်တုံကြီးငယ်|ခွန့်တုံကြီးငယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်းဟချီချ|ခွန်းဟချီချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွပီး|ချွပီး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချွီး|ချွီး]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးကြီးပေါက်|ချွီးကြီးပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးခံ|ချွီးခံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးငုပ်|ချွီးငုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးစီး|ချွီးစီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးစို|ချွီးစို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးတတီးတီး|ချွီးတတီးတီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးထုတ်|ချွီးထုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးထွက်သံယို|ချွီးထွက်သံယို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးပြန်|ချွီးပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးလွန်|ချွီးလွန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးသိပ်|ချွီးသိပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးအောင်း|ချွီးအောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးအုပ်|ချွီးအုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွေညာလွမ်း|ချွေညာလွမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွေး|ချွေး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွေး-ချွေး|ချွေး-ချွေး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချွဲ|ချွဲ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချွဲကပ်|ချွဲကပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွဲကျပ်|ချွဲကျပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွဲထ|ချွဲထ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွဲပျစ်|ချွဲပျစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွဲဟက်|ချွဲဟက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွဲဟောက်|ချွဲဟောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွတ်|ချွတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွတ်ချော်|ချွတ်ချော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွတ်တွင်း|ချွတ်တွင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွတ်ထ|ချွတ်ထ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွတ်နင်း|ချွတ်နင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွတ်ယွင်း|ချွတ်ယွင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွတ်လွဲ|ချွတ်လွဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွိတ်|ချွိတ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချွန်|ချွန်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချွန်မြက်|ချွန်မြက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွန်း|ချွန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွန်းတောက်|ချွန်းတောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွန်းဖဲ|ချွန်းဖဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွ|ခြွ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွခြွ|ခြွခြွ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွခြွတက်တက်|ခြွခြွတက်တက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွခြွတင်းတင်း|ခြွခြွတင်းတင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွခြွရွရွ|ခြွခြွရွရွ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွတက်|ခြွတက်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြွာ|ခြွာ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြွာခြွာ|ခြွာခြွာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွာခြွာငေါ်ငေါ်|ခြွာခြွာငေါ်ငေါ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွာခြွာငတ်ငတ်|ခြွာခြွာငတ်ငတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွာခြွာရော်ရော်|ခြွာခြွာရော်ရော်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြွီ|ခြွီ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြွီခြွီ|ခြွီခြွီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွီခြွီသီ|ခြွီခြွီသီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွီမ|ခြွီမ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြွင်း|ခြွင်း]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြွင်းချက်|ခြွင်းချက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွင်းချန်|ခြွင်းချန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွတ်|ခြွတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွတ်ခြွတ်|ခြွတ်ခြွတ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြွန်|ခြွန်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြွန်း|ခြွန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွန်းကုတ်|ခြွန်းကုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွန်းဆိုး|ခြွန်းဆိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွန်းဖား|ခြွန်းဖား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွန်းဖားကြီး|ခြွန်းဖားကြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွန်းဖေါင်|ခြွန်းဖေါင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွန်းဖွင့်|ခြွန်းဖွင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွန်းအုပ်|ခြွန်းအုပ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြွမ်း|ခြွမ်း]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြွမ်းခြွမ်း|ခြွမ်းခြွမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွမ်းတော့နာ|ခြွမ်းတော့နာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွမ်းတမ်းခြွမ်း|ခြွမ်းတမ်းခြွမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွမ်းထိုက်|ခြွမ်းထိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွမ်းမရူ|ခြွမ်းမရူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွမ်းမြောင်း|ခြွမ်းမြောင်း]] [[Category:Wt/rki]] frsxirlpv07wysp4am9g4pi6vbs5z49 7256055 7255999 2026-07-20T03:08:30Z Retkhaberi 2609544 /* ခါး */ 7256055 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wt/rki/ရခိုင်အက္ခရာစဉ်ဇယား}} ===[[Wt/rki/ခ|ခ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခကျယ်ကျယ်|ခကျယ်ကျယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခကျယ်ခဝန်း|ခကျယ်ခဝန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခကျဉ်း|ခကျဉ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခကျောက်|ခကျောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခကျောက်ရှည်|ခကျောက်ရှည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခကျိတ်သျှေ|ခကျိတ်သျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခခ|ခခ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခခုံးမှီ|ခခုံးမှီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခခုံးမှီခခုံးမွှား|ခခုံးမှီခခုံးမွှား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခချီးစောင်|ခချီးစောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနဲ့ခနဲ့|ခနဲ့ခနဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခခွေ|ခခွေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခချောခလောသီး|ခချောခလောသီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခချဉ်ချဉ်|ခချဉ်ချဉ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခချိုးခချဉ်|ခချိုးခချဉ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဂျိတ်သျှေ|ခဂျိတ်သျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခငယ်|ခငယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခစား|ခစား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခစားဝတ်တွား|ခစားဝတ်တွား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခစီခစပ်|ခစီခစပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခစပ်|ခစပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဆတ်|ခဆတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဆတ်ဆတ်|ခဆတ်ဆတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခညောင်း|ခညောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဏ|ခဏ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဏတာ|ခဏတာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဏတစ်ဖြတ်|ခဏတစ်ဖြတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဏတစ်ဖြုတ်|ခဏတစ်ဖြုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဏဟု|ခဏဟု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတည်တည်|ခတည်တည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတော်|ခတော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတင်သီး|ခတင်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတောက်|ခတောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတောင်း|ခတောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတိမ်း|ခတိမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတိမ်းခစောင်း|ခတိမ်းခစောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတိမ်းခယိမ်း|ခတိမ်းခယိမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတိမ်းခလိမ်း|ခတိမ်းခလိမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတို|ခတို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခထည်ထည်|ခထည်ထည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဒါ|ခဒါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဒုတ်|ခဒုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဒုတ်ပွင့်|ခဒုတ်ပွင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနီကြန်|ခနီကြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနီကြန့်|ခနီကြန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနီး|ခနီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနီးပါးသျှေ|ခနီးပါးသျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနု|ခနု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနူးခနပ်|ခနူးခနပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနဲ့|ခနဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနဲ့ခနိုး|ခနဲ့ခနိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနဲ့တေ့တေ့|ခနဲ့တေ့တေ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနက်|ခနက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနက်ကောင်း|ခနက်ကောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနက်ချဉ်|ခနက်ချဉ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနက်တောင်း|ခနက်တောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနက်ပျက်|ခနက်ပျက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနက်ယှင်း|ခနက်ယှင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနက်လိုက်|ခနက်လိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနောင့်|ခနောင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနောင်း|ခနောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနောင်းခနဲ့|ခနောင်းခနဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနုတ်|ခနုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနိမ့်ခမြင့်|ခနိမ့်ခမြင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနိမ့်ခနောင်း|ခနိမ့်ခနောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခနိုးခနောင်း|ခနိုးခနောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပဲ|ခပဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပင်း|ခပင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပေါင်းခတ်|ခပေါင်းခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပျက်သိ|ခပျက်သိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပြူးတူး|ခပြူးတူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပြုံးခနဲ့|ခပြုံးခနဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပြုံးခရယ်|ခပြုံးခရယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပြုံးခရွှင်|ခပြုံးခရွှင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပြုံးခသွင်|ခပြုံးခသွင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပြုံးရယ်|ခပြုံးရယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဖော်သီခဖော်သွပ်|ခဖော်သီခဖော်သွပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဖော််သွပ်|ခဖော််သွပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဖြိုးခဖြီ|ခဖြိုးခဖြီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဗျာ|ခဗျာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမသာ|ခမသာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမီးခမက်|ခမီးခမက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမည်း|ခမည်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမည်းတောင်း|ခမည်းတောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမည်းပီး|ခမည်းပီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမည်းသင့်|ခမည်းသင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမည်းသမ်း|ခမည်းသမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမက်|ခမက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမောက်|ခမောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမောင်း|ခမောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမောင်းမျက်ဝီ|ခမောင်းမျက်ဝီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယ|ခယ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယယ|ခယယ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယဝယ|ခယဝယ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယက်ခယောက်|ခယက်ခယောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယင်ကြိမ်|ခယင်ကြိမ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယင်ဝါး|ခယင်ဝါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယောက်ခယား|ခယောက်ခယား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယောက်ခယမ်း|ခယောက်ခယမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယံဝါး|ခယံဝါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယှဲခဆုတ်|ခယှဲခဆုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရာမကျောက်တန်း|ခရာမကျောက်တန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရာဝ|ခရာဝ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရားစောက်|ခရားစောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီခရော|ခရီခရော]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီး|ခရီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးကြမ်း|ခရီးကြမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးကြုံ|ခရီးကြုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးခရော်|ခရီးခရော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးခေါင်|ခရီးခေါင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးချ|ခရီးချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးစရိတ်|ခရီးစရိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးစာ|ခရီးစာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးစဉ်|ခရီးစဉ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဆက်|ခရီးဆက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဆင်|ခရီးဆင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဆိုက်|ခရီးဆိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဆိုင်|ခရီးဆိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဆောင်|ခရီးဆောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဆန့်|ခရီးဆန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဆုံ|ခရီးဆုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးတောင်း|ခရီးတောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးတင်း|ခရီးတင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးတွင်|ခရီးတွင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးထင့်|ခရီးထင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးထစ်|ခရီးထစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးထောက်|ခရီးထောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးထွက်|ခရီးထွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဒဏ်|ခရီးဒဏ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဓွန့်|ခရီးဓွန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးနှင်|ခရီးနှင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးပေါက်|ခရီးပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးပန်း|ခရီးပန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးပြင်း|ခရီးပြင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဘေး|ခရီးဘေး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးမှောင့်|ခရီးမှောင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးရောက်|ခရီးရောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးရောက်မဆိုက်|ခရီးရောက်မဆိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးရပ်စောက်|ခရီးရပ်စောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးလွန်|ခရီးလွန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးသည်|ခရီးသည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးသွား|ခရီးသွား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရီးဦးကြိုဆို|ခရီးဦးကြိုဆို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရု|ခရု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရုခရမ်း|ခရုခရမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရုခသံ|ခရုခသံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရုထွတ်|ခရုထွတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရုပေါ်|ခရုပေါ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရုပတ်|ခရုပတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရုပတ်ကောက်|ခရုပတ်ကောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရုပတ်လမ်း|ခရုပတ်လမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရုသင်း|ခရုသင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရူးခသွတ်|ခရူးခသွတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရဲကြန့်|ခရဲကြန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရည်းပျက်|ခရည်းပျက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရော်|ခရော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရင်း|ခရင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရင်းကြား|ခရင်းကြား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရစ်ရစ်|ခရစ်ရစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရိုင်|ခရိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရိုင်ရိုင်|ခရိုင်ရိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရိုင့်ရိုင့်|ခရိုင့်ရိုင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရောင်|ခရောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရောင့်ခရာ|ခရောင့်ခရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရောင့်ခရော|ခရောင့်ခရော]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရောင်း|ခရောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရိပ်ခသံ့|ခရိပ်ခသံ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရိပ်ရိပ်|ခရိပ်ရိပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရိပ်သျှေ|ခရိပ်သျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရုတ်ခရမ်း|ခရုတ်ခရမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရမ်းကစော့|ခရမ်းကစော့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရမ်းကောင်း|ခရမ်းကောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရမ်းချဉ်|ခရမ်းချဉ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရမ်းစိတ်ကေ|ခရမ်းစိတ်ကေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရမ်းသီးလက်ကောက်ပြောင်ပြောင်တောက်|ခရမ်းသီးလက်ကောက်ပြောင်ပြောင်တောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရို့ခရမ်း|ခရို့ခရမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရို့ရို့|ခရို့ရို့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခရှားရှား|ခရှားရှား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလာ|ခလာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလာချိတ်|ခလာချိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလာမပြု|ခလာမပြု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလယ်|ခလယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလောင်း|ခလောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလောင်းပန်း|ခလောင်းပန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလောင်းသီး|ခလောင်းသီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလိမ်း|ခလိမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလုံး|ခလုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလုံးတိုက်|ခလုံးတိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလုတ်ခလဲ့|ခလုတ်ခလဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခလွန်းသား|ခလွန်းသား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဝါ|ခဝါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဝါချ|ခဝါချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဝါရောင်|ခဝါရောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဝါသည်|ခဝါသည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဝဲသီး|ခဝဲသီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခသလာ|ခသလာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခသလက်|ခသလက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခသံ့ခဝါ|ခသံ့ခဝါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခသံ့သံ့|ခသံ့သံ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခသွေက|ခသွေက]] *[[Wt/rki/ခသွင်ခပြင်|ခသွင်ခပြင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခသွန်က|ခသွန်က]] *[[Wt/rki/ခအီးခကြင်|ခအီးခကြင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခအောင်းခါး|ခအောင်းခါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခအုံးခါး|ခအုံးခါး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခါ|ခါ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခါ|ခါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါကျူး|ခါကျူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါချီး|ခါချီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါချဉ်|ခါချဉ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါဂြစ်|ခါဂြစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါတော်ကျူး|ခါတော်ကျူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါတိုင်း|ခါတိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါချဉ်ထုပ်|ခါချဉ်ထုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါချဉ်အုံ|ခါချဉ်အုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါထွက်|ခါထွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါဗူးမှုန့်|ခါဗူးမှုန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါလီ|ခါလီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါလီကျ|ခါလီကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါသ|ခါသ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါသလီခါသလာ|ခါသလီခါသလာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါသီခါသာ|ခါသီခါသာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါသာ|ခါသာ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခါး|ခါး]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခါး|ခါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးကျိုး|ခါးကျိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးကြိုး|ခါးကြိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးကြိုးဒွါဒရာ|ခါးကြိုးဒွါဒရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးခါးစီးစီး|ခါးခါးစီးစီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးခါးတီတီ|ခါးခါးတီတီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးခါးတီးတီး|ခါးခါးတီးတီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးခါးတက်တက်|ခါးခါးတက်တက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးခွ|ခါးခွ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးခွတင်|ခါးခွတင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးစည်း|ခါးစည်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးစည်းအင်္ကျီ|ခါးစည်းအင်္ကျီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးစောင်း|ခါးစောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးစောင်းတင်|ခါးစောင်းတင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးစောင်းထိုး|ခါးစောင်းထိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးဆီး|ခါးဆီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးဆီးကြိုး|ခါးဆီးကြိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးဆစ်|ခါးဆစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးဆစ်တင်|ခါးဆစ်တင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးဆွဲကြိုး|ခါးဆွဲကြိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးတောင်း|ခါးတောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးတောင်းကျိုက်|ခါးတောင်းကျိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးတောင်းကျပ်|ခါးတောင်းကျပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးတောင်းကျိတ်|ခါးတောင်းကျိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးတောင်းချိတ်|ခါးတောင်းချိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးတောင်းဆင်|ခါးတောင်းဆင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးတောင်းတင်|ခါးတောင်းတင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးတောင်းပင့်|ခါးတောင်းပင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးထပိန်သျှေ|ခါးထပိန်သျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးထပိန်အရွယ်|ခါးထပိန်အရွယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးထစ်|ခါးထစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးထစ်တင်|ခါးထစ်တင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပေါ်|ခါးပေါ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပေါ်ဒါး|ခါးပေါ်ဒါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပိုက်|ခါးပိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပိုက်ဆောင်|ခါးပိုက်ဆောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပိုက်ထုပ်|ခါးပိုက်ထုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပိုက်အိတ်|ခါးပိုက်အိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပတ်|ခါးပတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပန်း|ခါးပန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပန်းကြိုး|ခါးပန်းကြိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပန်းပိုး|ခါးပန်းပိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပုံ|ခါးပုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပုံစွန်း|ခါးပုံစွန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပျောက်ဝန်|ခါးပျောက်ဝန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးပျောင်း|ခါးပျောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးယောက်|ခါးယောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးလယ်|ခါးလယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခါးသလက်|ခါးသလက်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခိ|ခိ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခီ|ခီ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခု|ခု]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခုတေခု|ခုတေခု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုခံ|ခုခံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုချင်း|ခုချင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုစိုက်တိုက်|ခုစိုက်တိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုဆင့်ခုလတ်|ခုဆင့်ခုလတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုဆတ်ခုလတ်|ခုဆတ်ခုလတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုတောင်က|ခုတောင်က]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုတုံးခံ|ခုတုံးခံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုထက်တောင်ပင်|ခုထက်တောင်ပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုနတင်|ခုနတင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုနိ|ခုနိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုနှစ်စဉ်ကြယ်|ခုနှစ်စဉ်ကြယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုနှစ်ရီမှာတစ်ရီမစပ်|ခုနှစ်ရီမှာတစ်ရီမစပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုနှစ်ရက်သားကြယ်|ခုနှစ်ရက်သားကြယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုနှစ်ရက်သားသမီး|ခုနှစ်ရက်သားသမီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုနှစ်|ခုနှစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုပင်|ခုပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုပင်လောက်ပင်|ခုပင်လောက်ပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုလီခုဆတ်|ခုလီခုဆတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုလီခုလု|ခုလီခုလု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုလီခုလတ်|ခုလီခုလတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုလီနှုတ်|ခုလီနှုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုလတ်|ခုလတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုလတ်ခုလတ်|ခုလတ်ခုလတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုလုံးခုလုံး|ခုလုံးခုလုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုသော်နောက်တောင်|ခုသော်နောက်တောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုသံက|ခုသံက]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုသံခါ|ခုသံခါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုသံခု|ခုသံခု]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခူ|ခူ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခူစာပင်|ခူစာပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခူစာငှက်|ခူစာငှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခူစံ|ခူစံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခူသျှိသျှူနာ|ခူသျှိသျှူနာ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခူး|ခူး]]=== ===[[Wt/rki/ခေ|ခေ]]=== ===[[Wt/rki/ခဲ|ခဲ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခဲကလောင်|ခဲကလောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲကိုင်|ခဲကိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲကပ်|ခဲကပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲကြွပ်|ခဲကြွပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲခီခဲခက်|ခဲခီခဲခက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲခဲမွိန့်|ခဲခဲမွိန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲခဲဝါ|ခဲခဲဝါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲခက်|ခဲခက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲခတ်|ခဲခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲတံ|ခဲတံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲဆစ်|ခဲဆစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲနက်|ခဲနက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲပုပ်|ခဲပုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲပြတ်|ခဲပြတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲပြတ်တစ်ခဲ|ခဲပြတ်တစ်ခဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲဖြေ|ခဲဖြေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲမကျီ|ခဲမကျီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲမဖြူ|ခဲမဖြူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲမလယော့|ခဲမလယော့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲယဉ်း|ခဲယဉ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲယမ်းမီးကျောက်|ခဲယမ်းမီးကျောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲရာ|ခဲရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲရာခဲဆစ်|ခဲရာခဲဆစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲလို့မွိန့်လို့|ခဲလို့မွိန့်လို့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲဝါ|ခဲဝါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲဝါကျား|ခဲဝါကျား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခဲအို|ခဲအို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခယ်မ|ခယ်မ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခေါ|ခေါ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခေါခေါ|ခေါခေါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါခွက်|ခေါခွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါခွက်တောင်းပန်|ခေါခွက်တောင်းပန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါစာ|ခေါစာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါတင်|ခေါတင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါပစာ|ခေါပစာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါပစာထမင်း|ခေါပစာထမင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါပတာ|ခေါပတာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်|ခေါ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်ခေါ်ရော်ရော်|ခေါ်ခေါ်ရော်ရော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်ခေါ်ဝေါ်ဝေါ်|ခေါ်ခေါ်ဝေါ်ဝေါ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်ဆောင်|ခေါ်ဆောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်ဆို|ခေါ်ဆို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်တော|ခေါ်တော]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်တောင်း|ခေါ်တောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်တွင်|ခေါ်တွင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်ပုံ|ခေါ်ပုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်လို့ဝေါ်လို့|ခေါ်လို့ဝေါ်လို့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်ဝေါ်|ခေါ်ဝေါ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါ်ဝေါ်မကျီ|ခေါ်ဝေါ်မကျီ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခက်|ခက်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခက္ကရာ|ခက္ကရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်ခရော်|ခက်ခရော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်ခဲ|ခက်ခဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်ခက်ခဲခဲ|ခက်ခက်ခဲခဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်ခက်မက်မက်|ခက်ခက်မက်မက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်ဆစ်|ခက်ဆစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်ထော်|ခက်ထော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်မ|ခက်မ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်မငါးဖြာ|ခက်မငါးဖြာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်ရာခက်ဆစ်|ခက်ရာခက်ဆစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်လံ|ခက်လံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခက်လံဖျား|ခက်လံဖျား]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခင်|ခင်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခင်ကုန်း|ခင်ကုန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်ခင်|ခင်ခင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်စိုင်း|ခင်စိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်တွယ်|ခင်တွယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်ပလွီ|ခင်ပလွီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်ပွန်း|ခင်ပွန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်ပွန်းမွှန်း|ခင်ပွန်းမွှန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်ပွန်းသည်|ခင်ပွန်းသည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်မင်|ခင်မင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်ရိုးတန်း|ခင်ရိုးတန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်း|ခင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်းကျင်း|ခင်းကျင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်းခင်|ခင်းခင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်းစီ|ခင်းစီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခင်းပျဉ်|ခင်းပျဉ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခိုက်|ခိုက်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခိုက်ခိုက်တုန်|ခိုက်ခိုက်တုန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုက်ရန်|ခိုက်ရန်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခိုင်|ခိုင်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခိုင်ခံ့|ခိုင်ခံ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုင်မာ|ခိုင်မာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုင်မြဲ|ခိုင်မြဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုင်လုံ|ခိုင်လုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုင်း|ခိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုင်းစီ|ခိုင်းစီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုင်းသတ်|ခိုင်းသတ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်|ခေါက်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ကနဲ|ခေါက်ကနဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ကြောင်း|ခေါက်ကြောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ကွိ|ခေါက်ကွိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ခေါက်|ခေါက်ခေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ခေါက်ကျိုင်း|ခေါက်ခေါက်ကျိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ချင်း|ခေါက်ချင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ချိုး|ခေါက်ချိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်စား|ခေါက်စား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်တီခေါက်တက်|ခေါက်တီခေါက်တက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်တီခေါက်တောက်|ခေါက်တီခေါက်တောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်တုံ့|ခေါက်တုံ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်တုံ့ခေါက်ပြန်|ခေါက်တုံ့ခေါက်ပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်တုံ့ပီး|ခေါက်တုံ့ပီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်တုံ့ပြန်|ခေါက်တုံ့ပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ပြန်|ခေါက်ပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်မီ|ခေါက်မီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ယာ|ခေါက်ယာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ရက်|ခေါက်ရက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ရောက်|ခေါက်ရောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ရန်း|ခေါက်ရန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ရွှက်ယင့်|ခေါက်ရွှက်ယင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်သား|ခေါက်သား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်သီး|ခေါက်သီး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်|ခေါင်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ခတ်|ခေါင်ခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ခိုက်|ခေါင်ခိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ခေါက်|ခေါက်ခေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ခေါင်|ခေါက်ခေါင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါက်ခေါင်ဖျားဖျား|ခေါက်ခေါင်ဖျားဖျား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ချိုးကစပ်တမ်း|ခေါင်ချိုးကစပ်တမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ချုပ်|ခေါင်ချုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်စီးရိုး|ခေါင်စီးရိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်စီးဝါး|ခေါင်စီးဝါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်စင်းအိမ်|ခေါင်စင်းအိမ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်စောက်|ခေါင်စောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ဆိုက်|ခေါင်ဆိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်တိုင်|ခေါင်တိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ပုပ်|ခေါင်ပုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ပိတ်|ခေါင်ပိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ပြန့်|ခေါင်ပြန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ဖိဝါး|ခေါင်ဖိဝါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ဖျား|ခေါင်ဖျား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ဖျားခိုက်|ခေါင်ဖျားခိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ဖျားဆိုက်|ခေါင်ဖျားဆိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်မိုး|ခေါင်မိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်မိုးချုပ်|ခေါင်မိုးချုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ရည်|ခေါင်ရည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ရောက်|ခေါင်ရောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ရိုး|ခေါင်ရိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်ရိုးတန်း|ခေါင်ရိုးတန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်အုပ်|ခေါင်အုပ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်း|ခေါင်း]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းစီး|ခေါင်းစီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းစဉ်|ခေါင်းစဉ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းစပ်|ခေါင်းစပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းဆောင်|ခေါင်းဆောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းတကာ|ခေါင်းတကာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းတလာ|ခေါင်းတလာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းတာ|ခေါင်းတာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းပါး|ခေါင်းပါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းရောင်|ခေါင်းရောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းလောင်း|ခေါင်းလောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းလောင်းပန်း|ခေါင်းလောင်းပန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းသက်|ခေါင်းသက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေါင်းသွင်း|ခေါင်းသွင်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခတ်|ခတ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်ကွင်း|ခတ်ကွင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်ကျောက်တံ|ခတ်ကျောက်တံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်ကျောက်သီး|ခတ်ကျောက်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်ခတ်|ခတ်ခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်ခတ်လုပ်|ခတ်ခတ်လုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်တက်|ခတ်တက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်တင်|ခတ်တင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်တင်စည်|ခတ်တင်စည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်တိုင်|ခတ်တိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်တိုင်းငန်|ခတ်တိုင်းငန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်တိုင်လည်|ခတ်တိုင်လည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ်နှိပ်|ခတ်နှိပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ္တာကြီး|ခတ္တာကြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခတ္တိယ|ခတ္တိယ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်|ခေတ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ကာလ|ခေတ်ကာလ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ကောင်း|ခေတ်ကောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ကုန်|ခေတ်ကုန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ကြို|ခေတ်ကြို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်စား|ခေတ်စား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ဆန်|ခေတ်ဆန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ဆိုးခေတ်ယုတ်|ခေတ်ဆိုးခေတ်ယုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်နောက်ကျ|ခေတ်နောက်ကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်နှောင်း|ခေတ်နှောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ပေါ်|ခေတ်ပေါ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ပျက်|ခေတ်ပျက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ပြိုင်|ခေတ်ပြိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ပြောင်း|ခေတ်ပြောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်မီ|ခေတ်မီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်လယ်|ခေတ်လယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်သစ်|ခေတ်သစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်သုဉ်း|ခေတ်သုဉ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ဟောင်း|ခေတ်ဟောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ်ဦး|ခေတ်ဦး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခေတ္တ|ခေတ္တ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခပ်|ခပ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခပ်စက်|ခပ်စက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပ်စက်ခံ|ခပ်စက်ခံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပ်ဆီး|ခပ်ဆီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပ်ဆိပ်|ခပ်ဆိပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပ်တဆိတ်|ခပ်တဆိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပ်ဖုသီခပ်ဖုသွပ်|ခပ်ဖုသီခပ်ဖုသွပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခပ်လှည့်မပီး|ခပ်လှည့်မပီး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခုတ်|ခုတ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခုတ်ခုတ်ကုတ်ကုတ်|ခုတ်ခုတ်ကုတ်ကုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုတ်ထွင်|ခုတ်ထွင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုပ်|ခုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုပ်ထောင်|ခုပ်ထောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုပ်ပိ|ခုပ်ပိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုပ်ပိသျှေ|ခုပ်ပိသျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုပ်ဖိ|ခုပ်ဖိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုပ်ဘိ|ခုပ်ဘိ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခံ|ခံ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခံစား|ခံစား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံစစ်|ခံစစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံဆွမ်း|ခံဆွမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံတပ်|ခံတပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံနိုင်ရည်|ခံနိုင်ရည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံပျင်း|ခံပျင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံယူ|ခံယူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံယူချက်|ခံယူချက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံရပ်|ခံရပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံသာ|ခံသာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံသာပန်သာ|ခံသာပန်သာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခံသိခံသာ|ခံသိခံသာ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခံ့|ခံ့]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခန္တါ|ခန္တါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္တှီ|ခန္တှီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္ဓာ|ခန္ဓာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္ဓာကိုယ်|ခန္ဓာကိုယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္ဓာကြွီ(ကြွေ)|ခန္ဓာကြွီ(ကြွေ)]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္ဓာချ|ခန္ဓာချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္ဓာဇတ်သိမ်း|ခန္ဓာဇတ်သိမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္ဓာပြောင်း|ခန္ဓာပြောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္ဓာရှို့(ရှေ့)|ခန္ဓာရှို့(ရှေ့)]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္ဓာဝန်|ခန္ဓာဝန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန္ဓာဝန်ချ|ခန္ဓာဝန်ချ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခန့်|ခန့်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်ခန့်|ခန့်ခန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်ခန့်ညားညား|ခန့်ခန့်ညားညား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်ချက်|ခန့်ချက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်ခွဲ|ခန့်ခွဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်စာ|ခန့်စာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်စာနာ|ခန့်စာနာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်ညား|ခန့်ညား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်ထား|ခန့်ထား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်မှန်း|ခန့်မှန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်မှန်းချက်|ခန့်မှန်းချက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်မှန်းခြေ|ခန့်မှန်းခြေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန့်အပ်|ခန့်အပ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခန်း|ခန်း]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခန်းဆီး|ခန်းဆီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန်းဆောင်|ခန်းဆောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန်းနေ|ခန်းနေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန်းမ|ခန်းမ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန်းမကြီး|ခန်းမကြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန်းလုံ|ခန်းလုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန်းဝါ|ခန်းဝါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန်းဝင်ခ|ခန်းဝင်ခ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခန်းဝင်ပစ္စည်း|ခန်းဝင်ပစ္စည်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမ်းနား|ခမ်းနား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခမ်းနားကြီးကျယ်|ခမ်းနားကြီးကျယ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခုံ|ခုံ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခုံခင်း|ခုံခင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံခုံမင်မင်|ခုံခုံမင်မင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံတင်နာရီ|ခုံတင်နာရီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံတိုင်|ခုံတိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံတစ်ယင်|ခုံတစ်ယင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံတောက်|ခုံတောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံတောက်ငှက်|ခုံတောက်ငှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံတောက်ဆောက်|ခုံတောက်ဆောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံတန်း|ခုံတန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံတန်းရှည်|ခုံတန်းရှည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံပီခုံပင်|ခုံပီခုံပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံပင်|ခုံပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံပုတ်ငှက်|ခုံပုတ်ငှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံဖိနပ်|ခုံဖိနပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံမင်|ခုံမင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံရုံး|ခုံရုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံလူကြီး|ခုံလူကြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံလယားရှည်|ခုံလယားရှည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုံသမက်|ခုံသမက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုန်|ခုန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုန်ကျော်|ခုန်ကျော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုန်ချ|ခုန်ချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုန်ဆွဆွ|ခုန်ဆွဆွ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုန်ပေါက်|ခုန်ပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုန်လွှား|ခုန်လွှား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခုန်းတိုင်|ခုန်းတိုင်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခို|ခို]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခိုကတ်|ခိုကတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုကပ်|ခိုကပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုကိုး|ခိုကိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုခွက်|ခိုခွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုခွက်တောင်းပြန်|ခိုခွက်တောင်းပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုစံ|ခိုစံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုတဲ|ခိုတဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုနန်းဆောင်|ခိုနန်းဆောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုမြန်း|ခိုမြန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုမှီး|ခိုမှီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုရောက်|ခိုရောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုလှုံ့|ခိုလှုံ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုဝင်|ခိုဝင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုအောင်း|ခိုအောင်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခို့|ခို့]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခိုး|ခိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးကြောင်|ခိုးကြောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးကြောင်ဝှက်ကြောင်|ခိုးကြောင်ဝှက်ကြောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးကြောင်မြွီ|ခိုးကြောင်မြွီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးချ|ခိုးချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးစားဝှက်စား|ခိုးစားဝှက်စား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးမှု|ခိုးမှု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးယူ|ခိုးယူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးရာပါပစ္စည်း|ခိုးရာပါပစ္စည်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးရာလိုက်|ခိုးရာလိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးဝှက်|ခိုးဝှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးသားကြယ်|ခိုးသားကြယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးသားဓါးမြ|ခိုးသားဓါးမြ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခိုးသူ|ခိုးသူ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချ့|ချ့]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချခရော်ပြန်|ချခရော်ပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချ့ခုံ|ချ့ခုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချတောက်လက်ခတ်|ချတောက်လက်ခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချတံ|ချတံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဒိုးချဒါ|ချဒိုးချဒါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချနားမတီ|ချနားမတီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချပုတ်ခတ်|ချပုတ်ခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချပိတ်|ချပိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချပိတ်ဆုံး|ချပိတ်ဆုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချပြောင်းချပြန်|ချပြောင်းချပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချမတ|ချမတ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချမှတ်|ချမှတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချရား|ချရား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချရားစိတွင်းကျ|ချရားစိတွင်းကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချရားဖြူ|ချရားဖြူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချလူးချလာ|ချလူးချလာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချ့လက်တံ|ချ့လက်တံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချလောင်းချလာ|ချလောင်းချလာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချလှည့်|ချလှည့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဝါသန်|ချဝါသန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဝမ်းသန်|ချဝမ်းသန်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချာ|ချာ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချာကနဲ|ချာကနဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာချာလည်|ချာချာလည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာချိဝမ်|ချာချိဝမ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာတာလန်|ချာတာလန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာတူးလန်|ချာတူးလန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာတိုင်|ချာတိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာမ|ချာမ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာယောပင်|ချာယောပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာရေ|ချာရေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာလပတ်ရည်|ချာလပတ်ရည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချာလပတ်လည်|ချာလပတ်လည်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချိ|ချိ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချိနဲ့|ချိနဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိချိပါးပါး|ချိချိပါးပါး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချီ|ချီ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချီဆတ်|ချီဆတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီတစ်ကြောင်းဆတ်တစ်ကြောင်း|ချီတစ်ကြောင်းဆတ်တစ်ကြောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီတက်|ချီတက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီတုံတစ်ခါချတုံတစ်ခေါက်|ချီတုံတစ်ခါချတုံတစ်ခေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီတုံတစ်ခါချတုံတစ်လှည့်|ချီတုံတစ်ခါချတုံတစ်လှည့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီတုံချတုံ|ချီတုံချတုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီဖား|ချီဖား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီယေပင်|ချီယေပင်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချီး|ချီး]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကပ်|ချီးကပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကန်|ချီးကန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကန်သီးကန်|ချီးကန်သီးကန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကိုင်း|ချီးကိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကိုင်းတံ|ချီးကိုင်းတံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကျူး|ချီးကျူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကြောက်ပူ|ချီးကြောက်ပူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကြောက်ယို|ချီးကြောက်ယို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကြောက်သီးကြောက်|ချီးကြောက်သီးကြောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးကြောက်သန်|ချီးကြောက်သန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးခပ်သီးခပ်|ချီးခပ်သီးခပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးငေါင်ရိုး|ချီးငေါင်ရိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးငန်းလိုက်|ချီးငန်းလိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးငှား|ချီးငှား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးစားဇရက်|ချီးစားဇရက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးစားမီးရှူး|ချီးစားမီးရှူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးစိုက်|ချီးစိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးစိုက်ငတ်|ချီးစိုက်ငတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးစိုက်မွတ်|ချီးစိုက်မွတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးတန်းသွယ်|ချီးတန်းသွယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးထူ|ချီးထူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးထုပ်ပွင့်|ချီးထုပ်ပွင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးဒုံသျှေ|ချီးဒုံသျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးနုယို|ချီးနုယို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးနှီးပိုင်း|ချီးနှီးပိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးနှီးဖဲ့|ချီးနှီးဖဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးနှီးဟပ်|ချီးနှီးဟပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးနှစ်ပုတ်|ချီးနှစ်ပုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပါစား|ချီးပါစား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပါထမ်း|ချီးပါထမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပါရွက်|ချီးပါရွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပါသီးပါ|ချီးပါသီးပါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပု|ချီးပု]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပူး|ချီးပူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပူးမ|ချီးပူးမ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပင့်|ချီးပင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပေါက်|ချီးပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပေါက်မပိုး|ချီးပေါက်မပိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပေါက်ဝမ်းသန်|ချီးပေါက်ဝမ်းသန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပေါက်သန်|ချီးပေါက်သန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပေါက်အောက်မြစ်|ချီးပေါက်အောက်မြစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပုံးဂါရီ|ချီးပုံးဂါရီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးပိုးထိုး|ချီးပိုးထိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးဖေါင်သာ|ချီးဖေါင်သာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးဖတ်|ချီးဖတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးဖြိန့်တုန်|ချီးဖြိန့်တုန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးများ|ချီးများ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးမွမ်း|ချီးမွမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးမွမ်းကန်ကျောက်|ချီးမွမ်းကန်ကျောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးမွမ်းကွန်နန့်ချောက်ထဲတွန်းချ|ချီးမွမ်းကွန်နန့်ချောက်ထဲတွန်းချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးမြှောက်|ချီးမြှောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးယိုအိမ်|ချီးယိုအိမ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးရောသီးရော|ချီးရောသီးရော]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးရောသီးပါ|ချီးရောသီးပါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးလူးသီးလူး|ချီးလူးသီးလူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးလုံးသေးလုံး|ချီးလုံးသေးလုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးဝမ်းပူ|ချီးဝမ်းပူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးဝမ်းသန်|ချီးဝမ်းသန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးသီးစင်|ချီးသီးစင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးသီးယို|ချီးသီးယို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးသီးအန်|ချီးသီးအန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချီးအူပေါက်|ချီးအူပေါက်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချူ|ချူ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချူချာဗါကျာ|ချူချာဗါကျာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချူချူပေါက်|ချူချူပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချူတံပစ်|ချူတံပစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချူနာကျ|ချူနာကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချူနာထ|ချူနာထ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချူပေါက်|ချူပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချူး|ချူး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချေ|ချေ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချေဆို|ချေဆို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချေပ|ချေပ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချေဖျက်|ချေဖျက်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချဲ့|ချဲ့]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချဲ့ထွင်|ချဲ့ထွင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချယ်|ချယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချယ်မွှန်း|ချယ်မွှန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချယ်လှယ်|ချယ်လှယ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချော|ချော]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချောကနဲ|ချောကနဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောကရောသီး|ချောကရောသီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောကလောသီး|ချောကလောသီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောကလက်သီး|ချောကလက်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောကုန်း|ချောကုန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောကျ|ချောကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောကျိ|ချောကျိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောချ|ချောချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောချူ|ချောချူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောချောကျိကျိ|ချောချောကျိကျိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောချောမောမော|ချောချောမောမော]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောချောလေ့လေ့|ချောချောလေ့လေ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောချောသီး|ချောချောသီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောညက်|ချောညက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောတောက်သီး|ချောတောက်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောတိုင်|ချောတိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောတုတ်သီး|ချောတုတ်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောတံ|ချောတံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောထီချောထုတ်|ချောထီချောထုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောပစ်|ချောပစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောမော|ချောမော]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောမွေ့|ချောမွေ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောရာ|ချောရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောလောသီး|ချောလောသီး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချော့|ချော့]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချော့ကလူ|ချော့ကလူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချော့ချလိုက်|ချော့ချလိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချော့မော့|ချော့မော့]] *[[Wt/rki/ချော်|ချော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချော်ချိချော်ချော်|ချော်ချိချော်ချော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချော်ချောင်း|ချော်ချောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချော်တီချော်တော|ချော်တီချော်တော]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောထိချော်ထော်|ချောထိချော်ထော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချော်လဲ|ချော်လဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချော်သီချော်သက်|ချော်သီချော်သက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချော်သက်|ချော်သက်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချက်|ချက်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ကောင်း|ချက်ကောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ကျ|ချက်ကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ကျပက်ကျ|ချက်ကျပက်ကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ကျလက်ကျ|ချက်ကျလက်ကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ကျောက်|ချက်ကျောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ကြိုး|ချက်ကြိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ကြွီ|ချက်ကြွီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ကြွီမြီ|ချက်ကြွီမြီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ကြွီရပ်|ချက်ကြွီရပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ခဖြုတ်|ချက်ခဖြုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ခရိုင်|ချက်ခရိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ခလှည့်ခံ|ချက်ခလှည့်ခံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ချာ|ချက်ချာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ချင်း|ချက်ချင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်စီလက်စီ|ချက်စီလက်စီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်စူ|ချက်စူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ဆို|ချက်ဆို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်တလတ်|ချက်တလတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်တိုင်|ချက်တိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်တံ|ချက်တံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်တံစ|ချက်တံစ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်နက်|ချက်နက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ပိုင်|ချက်ပိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ပြုတ်|ချက်ပြုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်ပြုတ်တစ်|ချက်ပြုတ်တစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်မ|ချက်မ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်မြှုပ်|ချက်မြှုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်မြှုပ်မြီ|ချက်မြှုပ်မြီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်လက်သိ|ချက်လက်သိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်သို|ချက်သို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချက်အရက်|ချက်အရက်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချင်|ချင်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချင်ချင်|ချင်ချင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်ခြင်း|ချင်ခြင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်ဆီ|ချင်ဆီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်တိုင်း|ချင်တိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်မိချင်ရာ|ချင်မိချင်ရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်ရာ|ချင်ရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်ရေ|ချင်ရေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်ရေဆီ|ချင်ရေဆီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်သမျှ|ချင်သမျှ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်သရိ|ချင်သရိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်သရွိ|ချင်သရွိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင့်|ချင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင့်ချိန်|ချင့်ချိန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင့်ဆ|ချင့်ဆ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင့်တွေး|ချင့်တွေး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင့်ထောက်|ချင့်ထောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင့်ပုံ|ချင့်ပုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်း|ချင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်းခို|ချင်းခို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်းစိမ်း|ချင်းစိမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်းမမျက်နှာ|ချင်းမမျက်နှာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချင်းယင်း|ချင်းယင်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချစ်|ချစ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ကောင်းထမန်း|ချစ်ကောင်းထမန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ကောင်းဘနန်း|ချစ်ကောင်းဘနန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ကြိုက်|ချစ်ကြိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ကြည်ရေး|ချစ်ကြည်ရေး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ကြိုး|ချစ်ကြိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ကြိုးနှောင်|ချစ်ကြိုးနှောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ကျွမ်း၀င်|ချစ်ကျွမ်း၀င်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ခင်|ချစ်ခင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ချစ်ပူ|ချစ်ချစ်ပူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်စ|ချစ်စ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်စနိုး|ချစ်စနိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်စဖွယ်|ချစ်စဖွယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်တရာ|ချစ်တရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်တင်းဆို|ချစ်တင်းဆို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်တင်းနှော|ချစ်တင်းနှော]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်မပြယ်|ချစ်မပြယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်မက်|ချစ်မက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချစ်ယောင်ကား|ချစ်ယောင်ကား]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်|ချိုင်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်ကြိုး|ချိုင်ကြိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်|ချိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင့်ခွက်|ချိုင့်ခွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင့်ဝှမ်း|ချိုင့်ဝှမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်း|ချိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်းချိုင်းကြက်ကြက်|ချိုင်းချိုင်းကြက်ကြက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်းချိုင်းစိမ့်စိမ့်|ချိုင်းချိုင်းစိမ့်စိမ့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်းချိုင်းသာသာ|ချိုင်းချိုင်းသာသာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်းမြသာယာ|ချိုင်းမြသာယာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်းသာ|ချိုင်းသာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်းသာပီး|ချိုင်းသာပီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုင်းအီး|ချိုင်းအီး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်|ချဉ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ကြွ|ချဉ်ကြွ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ချောင်း|ချဉ်ချောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ချောင်းချောင်း|ချဉ်ချောင်းချောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်စုတ်စုတ်|ချဉ်စုတ်စုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ပေါက်|ချဉ်ပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ပေါင်|ချဉ်ပေါင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ပိုး|ချဉ်ပိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ပြွတ်ကေပင်|ချဉ်ပြွတ်ကေပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ဖတ်|ချဉ်ဖတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ရည်|ချဉ်ရည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်သီး|ချဉ်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်ဟင်းရည်|ချဉ်ဟင်းရည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်အက်|ချဉ်အက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်း|ချဉ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချဉ်းကပ်|ချဉ်းကပ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချောက်|ချောက်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်ကမ်းပါး|ချောက်ကမ်းပါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်ကျ|ချောက်ကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်ကြား|ချောက်ကြား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်ခေါင်း|ချောက်ခေါင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်ချ|ချောက်ချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်ချား|ချောက်ချား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်ချောက်ချားချား|ချောက်ချောက်ချားချား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်ခွက်|ချောက်ခွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်ထီးချောက်ထား|ချောက်ထီးချောက်ထား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောက်တွန်း|ချောက်တွန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်|ချောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်ကလည်ကြောင်ပတ်|ချောင်ကလည်ကြောင်ပတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်ကပ်|ချောင်ကပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်ကုပ်|ချောင်ကုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်ကျ|ချောင်ကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်ခို|ချောင်ခို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်ချိ|ချောင်ချိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်ချောင်ချိချိ|ချောင်ချောင်ချိချိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်ထိုး|ချောင်ထိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်ချောင်လည်လည်|ချောင်ချောင်လည်လည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်း|ချောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းကျ|ချောင်းကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းကြည့်|ချောင်းကြည့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းကြိုချောင်းကြား|ချောင်းကြိုချောင်းကြား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းကြိုမြောင်းကြား|ချောင်းကြိုမြောင်းကြား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းခွ|ချောင်းခွ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းငင်|ချောင်းငင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းစီး|ချောင်းစီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းစောက်|ချောင်းစောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းဆုံ|ချောင်းဆုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းတက်|ချောင်းတက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းတိမ်|ချောင်းတိမ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းနားဟင်း|ချောင်းနားဟင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းဖက်|ချောင်းဖက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းမြောင်း|ချောင်းမြောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းရဲ|ချောင်းရဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းရိုး|ချောင်းရိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းသားစပါး|ချောင်းသားစပါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချောင်းဦးတို|ချောင်းဦးတို]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချပ်|ချပ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချပ်ချပ်သီး|ချပ်ချပ်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချပ်တစ်ရာ|ချပ်တစ်ရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချပ်ဝတ်အင်္ကျီ|ချပ်ဝတ်အင်္ကျီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိတ်|ချိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိတ်ကောက်|ချိတ်ကောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိတ်ချိတ်|ချိတ်ချိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိတ်ချွတ်|ချိတ်ချွတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိတ်စ|ချိတ်စ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိတ်ဆက်|ချိတ်ဆက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိတ်ပိုင်|ချိတ်ပိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိတ်လတ်|ချိတ်လတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိတ်သျှင်|ချိတ်သျှင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိပ်|ချိပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုပ်|ချုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုပ်ကိုင်|ချုပ်ကိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုပ်ချုပ်|ချုပ်ချုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုပ်ဂေါင်းပေါင်း|ချုပ်ဂေါင်းပေါင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုပ်စာ|ချုပ်စာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုပ်ဆို|ချုပ်ဆို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုပ်တည်း|ချုပ်တည်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုပ်ပေါင်း|ချုပ်ပေါင်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချန်|ချန်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချန်ထား|ချန်ထား]] *[[Wt/rki/ချန်လှပ်|ချန်လှပ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချမ်း|ချမ်း]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချမ်းချမ်းကြက်ကြက်|ချမ်းချမ်းကြက်ကြက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်|ချိန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်ကိုက်|ချိန်ကိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်စာကိုက်|ချိန်စာကိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်ဆ|ချိန်ဆ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်တွက်|ချိန်တွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်ရွယ်|ချိန်ရွယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်သီး|ချိန်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်း|ချိန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်းဆို|ချိန်းဆို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိန်းမ|ချိန်းမ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချုံ|ချုံ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချုံမိ|ချုံမိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုံ့|ချုံ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုံး|ချုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချုံးချုံးကျ|ချုံးချုံးကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချို|ချို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုချောင်း|ချိုချောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုချို|ချိုချို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုချိုသာသာ|ချိုချိုသာသာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုချိုး|ချိုချိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုပိချိုပင်|ချိုပိချိုပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုပေါ့ပေါ့|ချိုပေါ့ပေါ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုပျက်ပျက်|ချိုပျက်ပျက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုပြပြ|ချိုပြပြ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုပြုံး|ချိုပြုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုမြက်မြက်|ချိုမြက်မြက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုမြိန့်မြိန့်|ချိုမြိန့်မြိန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုရေသီး|ချိုရေသီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုသာ|ချိုသာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုအီး|ချိုအီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုအီးအီး|ချိုအီးအီး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချို့|ချို့]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချို့တဲ့|ချို့တဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ချို့ထက်ဝက်|ချို့ထက်ဝက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချို့ယွင်း|ချို့ယွင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုး|ချိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုးခရွက်|ချိုးခရွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုးဆိတ်|ချိုးဆိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုးနှိမ်|ချိုးနှိမ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုးဖဲ့|ချိုးဖဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုးဖေါက်|ချိုးဖေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုးဖျက်|ချိုးဖျက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုးရီ|ချိုးရီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချိုးသွင်း|ချိုးသွင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြ|ခြ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြကိုက်|ခြကိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြကိုက်ခံ|ခြကိုက်ခံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြကျစ်|ခြကျစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြကျိတ်သျှ|ခြကျိတ်သျှ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြခေါင်း|ခြခေါင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြခတ်|ခြခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြချိတ်သျှေ|ခြချိတ်သျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြခြ|ခြခြ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြခြပူ|ခြခြပူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြခြသျှေ|ခြခြသျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြစား|ခြစား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြတက်|ခြတက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြပိုးတက်|ခြပိုးတက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြမည်း|ခြမည်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြသံ|ခြသံ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြာ|ခြာ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြာချဉ်|ခြာချဉ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြာခြာ|ခြာခြာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြာခြာကွဲ|ခြာခြာကွဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြာခြာပူ|ခြာခြာပူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြား|ခြား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြားခြား|ခြားခြား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြားခြားနားနား|ခြားခြားနားနား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြားနား|ခြားနား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြားနားခြင်း|ခြားနားခြင်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြိ|ခြိ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြိပီး|ခြိပီး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြီ|ခြီ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကထောင်|ခြီကထောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကုပ်|ခြီကုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကောက်|ခြီကောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကန်လက်ကန်|ခြီကန်လက်ကန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကန်လန်လက်ကန်လန်|ခြီကန်လန်လက်ကန်လန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျ|ခြီကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျလက်ပန်း|ခြီကျလက်ပန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျီး|ခြီကျီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျင်|ခြီကျင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျင်း|ခြီကျင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျင်းခတ်|ခြီကျင်းခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျင်းဝတ်|ခြီကျင်းဝတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျဉ်|ခြီကျဉ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျဉ်း|ခြီကျဉ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျဉ်းခတ်|ခြီကျဉ်းခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျောက်|ခြီကျောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျောက်ကန်|ခြီကျောက်ကန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျောက်ရှည်|ခြီကျောက်ရှည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျွ|ခြီကျွ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျွံလက်ကျွံ|ခြီကျွံလက်ကျွံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီခါလက်ခါ|ခြီခါလက်ခါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီခင်းလက်ငင်|ခြီခင်းလက်ငင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီခေါင်လက်ခေါင်|ခြီခေါင်လက်ခေါင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီခေါင်း|ခြီခေါင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီခေါင်းတက်|ခြီခေါင်းတက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီခုံ|ခြီခုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီကျလက်ကျ|ခြီကျလက်ကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီချီ|ခြီချီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီချီခ|ခြီချီခ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီချော်လက်ချော်|ခြီချော်လက်ချော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီချင်း|ခြီချင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီချင်းခတ်|ခြီချင်းခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီချင်းထပ်|ခြီချင်းထပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီချင်းလိမ်|ခြီချင်းလိမ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီချုပ်ထား|ခြီချုပ်ထား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီခြီငံငံ|ခြီခြီငံငံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီခွင်|ခြီခွင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဂေါ်ယာ|ခြီဂေါ်ယာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဂေါ်ယာလက်ဂေါ်ယာ|ခြီဂေါ်ယာလက်ဂေါ်ယာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီငုတ်လက်စ|ခြီငုတ်လက်စ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီငံ|ခြီငံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီငံလက်ငံ|ခြီငံလက်ငံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစလက်ငုတ်|ခြီစလက်ငုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစင်း|ခြီစင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစင်းလက်စင်း|ခြီစင်းလက်စင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစမ်း|ခြီစမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစုံ|ခြီစုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစုံလက်စုံ|ခြီစုံလက်စုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစုံကန်|ခြီစုံကန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစွယ်|ခြီစွယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစွယ်ငုတ်|ခြီစွယ်ငုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစွပ်|ခြီစွပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီစွမ်းခြီစ|ခြီစွမ်းခြီစ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဆင့်|ခြီဆင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဆစ်လက်ဆစ်သီ|ခြီဆစ်လက်ဆစ်သီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဆုပ်လက်နယ်|ခြီဆုပ်လက်နယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဆန့်လက်ဆန့်|ခြီဆန့်လက်ဆန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဆုံးနပန်း|ခြီဆုံးနပန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဆွ့လက်ဆွ့|ခြီဆွ့လက်ဆွ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဆွံ့လက်ဆွံ့|ခြီဆွံ့လက်ဆွံ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီညောင်းလက်ဆန့်|ခြီညောင်းလက်ဆန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီညှိုး|ခြီညှိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတစ်ပေါင်ပဲ့|ခြီတစ်ပေါင်ပဲ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတားလက်တား|ခြီတားလက်တား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတော်တင်|ခြီတော်တင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတော်ရာ|ခြီတော်ရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတင်ဂေါင်းအုံး|ခြီတင်ဂေါင်းအုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတင်လက်တင်|ခြီတင်လက်တင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတင်လက်ယှက်|ခြီတင်လက်ယှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတင်သုတ်|ခြီတင်သုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတို|ခြီတို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီတိုလက်တို|ခြီတိုလက်တို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီထားလက်ထား|ခြီထားလက်ထား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီထောက်|ခြီထောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီထောက်ဆွဲ|ခြီထောက်ဆွဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီထိပ်ပေါက်|ခြီထိပ်ပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီထုံ|ခြီထုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီထိုး|ခြီထိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီထွန်ထွန်လက်ထွန်ထွန်|ခြီထွန်ထွန်လက်ထွန်ထွန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဒိုးလက်|ခြီဒိုးလက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီနင်း|ခြီနင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီနင်းစက်ဘီး|ခြီနင်းစက်ဘီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီနင်းဖတ်စာ|ခြီနင်းဖတ်စာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီနိုင်လက်နိုင်|ခြီနိုင်လက်နိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီနှာရောင်|ခြီနှာရောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီပူး|ခြီပူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီပစ်လက်ပစ်|ခြီပစ်လက်ပစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီပစ်လက်ပစ်ကျ|ခြီပစ်လက်ပစ်ကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီပေါက်|ခြီပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီပေါက်လက်ပေါက်|ခြီပေါက်လက်ပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီပုန်း|ခြီပုန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီပုန်းတိုက်|ခြီပုန်းတိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီပျက်လိုက်|ခြီပျက်လိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီပြင်းတိုက်|ခြီပြင်းတိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဖနောင့်|ခြီဖနောင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဖဝါး|ခြီဖဝါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဖျား|ခြီဖျား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဖျားထောက်|ခြီဖျားထောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဖျားသိန်|ခြီဖျားသိန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမ|ခြီမ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမကိုင်တတ်လက်မကိုင်တတ်|ခြီမကိုင်တတ်လက်မကိုင်တတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမကြိုး|ခြီမကြိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမဆီးပုစွန်|ခြီမဆီးပုစွန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမနိုင်လက်မနိုင်|ခြီမနိုင်လက်မနိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမျက်စိ|ခြီမျက်စိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမဦးတည်ရာ|ခြီမဦးတည်ရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမျက်ဆစ်|ခြီမျက်ဆစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမျက်ဖု|ခြီမျက်ဖု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမြန်|ခြီမြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမြန်တပ်|ခြီမြန်တပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမြန်လက်မြန်|ခြီမြန်လက်မြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမွ|ခြီမွ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီမွီးရောင်|ခြီမွီးရောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီယှုပ်|ခြီယှုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာ|ခြီရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာကောက်|ခြီရာကောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာခံ|ခြီရာခံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာစစ်|ခြီရာစစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာတိုင်း|ခြီရာတိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာနင်း|ခြီရာနင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာပျောက်|ခြီရာပျောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာပွား|ခြီရာပွား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာလက်ရာ|ခြီရာလက်ရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရာလက်ရာပျောက်|ခြီရာလက်ရာပျောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရိ|ခြီရိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရင်း|ခြီရင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရင်းမြစ်ရင်း|ခြီရင်းမြစ်ရင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီရှည်|ခြီရှည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလီးလက်လီး|ခြီလီးလက်လီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလီးလက်ဝန်|ခြီလီးလက်ဝန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလယ်|ခြီလယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလိမ်ချိတ်|ခြီလိမ်ချိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလွန်လက်လွန်|ခြီလွန်လက်လွန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလှမ်းကြီး|ခြီလှမ်းကြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလှမ်းပျက်|ခြီလှမ်းပျက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလှမ်းပျင်|ခြီလှမ်းပျင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလှမ်းပြင်း|ခြီလှမ်းပြင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီလှမ်းမှား|ခြီလှမ်းမှား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသကျဉ်း|ခြီသကျဉ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသကျဉ်းအိမ်တိုင်|ခြီသကျဉ်းအိမ်တိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသာ|ခြီသာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသူကြွယ်|ခြီသူကြွယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသီလက်ညောင်း|ခြီသီလက်ညောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသီလက်သီ|ခြီသီလက်သီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသည်သူရဲ|ခြီသည်သူရဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသည်းလက်သည်း|ခြီသည်းလက်သည်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသောင်|ခြီသောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသုတ်ပုဆိုး|ခြီသုတ်ပုဆိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသံလက်သံ|ခြီသံလက်သံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသန်း|ခြီသန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသွက်လက်သွက်|ခြီသွက်လက်သွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီသွင်|ခြီသွင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဟန်လက်ဟန်|ခြီဟန်လက်ဟန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဟုန်တိုက်|ခြီဟုန်တိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဦးပေါက်ရာ|ခြီဦးပေါက်ရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီဦးလှည့်|ခြီဦးလှည့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြီး|ခြီး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြူ|ခြူ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြူချီခြူယှက်|ခြူချီခြူယှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြာ|ခြူခြာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြာဖာသား|ခြူခြာဖာသား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြာဗါဂျာ|ခြူခြာဗါဂျာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြာမရ|ခြူခြာမရ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြာယှက်|ခြူခြာယှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြာယှုပ်|ခြူခြာယှုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြူယှုပ်ယှက်|ခြူခြူယှုပ်ယှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြာသက်|ခြူခြာသက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြီခြူခြာ|ခြူခြီခြူခြာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြီခြူခြတ်|ခြူခြီခြူခြတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြူ|ခြူခြူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြူခြာခြာ|ခြူခြူခြာခြာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူခြူယှက်ယှက်|ခြူခြူယှက်ယှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူဆောင်း|ခြူဆောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြူယှက်ထိုး|ခြူယှက်ထိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြေး|ခြေး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြေးခြေး|ခြေးခြေး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြဲ|ခြဲ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြဲခြီခြဲခြောက်|ခြဲခြီခြဲခြောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြဲခြူ|ခြဲခြူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြဲခြဲခြောက်|ခြဲခြဲခြောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြဲခြဲခြောက်ခြောက်|ခြဲခြဲခြောက်ခြောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြဲခြဲမွိန့်|ခြဲခြဲမွိန့်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြည်|ခြည်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ကင်ပေါင်း|ခြည်ကင်ပေါင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ကပ်စက္ကူ|ခြည်ကပ်စက္ကူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ကျော်|ခြည်ကျော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ခင်|ခြည်ခင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ခင်စွပ်ငှက်|ခြည်ခင်စွပ်ငှက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ခေါင်း|ခြည်ခေါင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ငင်|ခြည်ငင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်စာချ|ခြည်စာချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်စာနယ်|ခြည်စာနယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်စာပီး|ခြည်စာပီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ထည်|ခြည်ထည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ထုံး|ခြည်ထုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ထွီး|ခြည်ထွီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ပူး|ခြည်ပူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ပင့်ကူ|ခြည်ပင့်ကူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ပတ်|ခြည်ပတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ဖီး|ခြည်ဖီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ဖြီး|ခြည်ဖြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ဖြီးသီး|ခြည်ဖြီးသီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်မျက်စု|ခြည်မျက်စု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်မျှင်|ခြည်မျှင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ယောက်|ခြည်ယောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ဝင်|ခြည်ဝင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်ဝင်အူထွက်|ခြည်ဝင်အူထွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်သီး|ခြည်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြည်အူထွက်|ခြည်အူထွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြယ်မ|ခြယ်မ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြော|ခြော]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြော့|ခြော့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြော်|ခြော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြော်ခြော်ငေါ်ငေါ်|ခြော်ခြော်ငေါ်ငေါ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြော်ခြော်ငတ်ငတ်|ခြော်ခြော်ငတ်ငတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြော်ခြော်ရော်ရော်|ခြော်ခြော်ရော်ရော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြက်|ခြက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြက်ခြက်မြည်|ခြက်ခြက်မြည်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြင်|ခြင်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်ကန်|ခြင်ကန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်ဆီ|ခြင်ဆီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်ထောင်|ခြင်ထောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်ပြောက်|ခြင်ပြောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်ဖိ|ခြင်ဖိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်တောင်း|ခြင်တောင်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြင့်|ခြင့်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြင့်တီးတီးလို့|ခြင့်တီးတီးလို့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင့်ထိုး|ခြင့်ထိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင့်ထိုးထိုးလို့|ခြင့်ထိုးထိုးလို့]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြင်း|ခြင်း]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်းကောက်|ခြင်းကောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်းခြင်း|ခြင်းခြင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်းခြင်းနီ|ခြင်းခြင်းနီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်းဇာတိ|ခြင်းဇာတိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်းထူး|ခြင်းထူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်းထူးခြင်းရာ|ခြင်းထူးခြင်းရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်းရာ|ခြင်းရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြင်းရာသွယ်|ခြင်းရာသွယ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြစ်|ခြစ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြစ်ခြစ်ခြာခြာ|ခြစ်ခြစ်ခြာခြာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုက်နှစ်|ခြိုက်နှစ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင်|ခြိုင်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင်ခြိုင်|ခြိုင်ခြိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင့်|ခြိုင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင့်ခွက်|ခြိုင့်ခွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင့်ဆွဲ|ခြိုင့်ဆွဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင့်တံ|ခြိုင့်တံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင့်တုံ|ခြိုင့်တုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင့်အံ|ခြိုင့်အံ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင်း|ခြိုင်း]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုင်းခြိုင်း|ခြိုင်းခြိုင်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်|ခြောက်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ကပ်|ခြောက်ကပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ခပ်|ခြောက်ခပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ခြီခြောက်ခြဲ|ခြောက်ခြီခြောက်ခြဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ခြဲ|ခြောက်ခြဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ခြောက်ကပ်ကပ်|ခြောက်ခြောက်ကပ်ကပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ခြောက်ခြဲခြဲ|ခြောက်ခြောက်ခြဲခြဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ခြောက်ငတ်|ခြောက်ခြောက်ငတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ခြောက်ငတ်ငတ်|ခြောက်ခြောက်ငတ်ငတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်စ|ခြောက်စ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်တောင်ဗျိုင်း|ခြောက်တောင်ဗျိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ပေါက်|ခြောက်ပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ပြစ်စင်|ခြောက်ပြစ်စင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ဘီလူး|ခြောက်ဘီလူး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်ရောင်း|ခြောက်ရောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်လှန့်|ခြောက်လှန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်သရော်|ခြောက်သရော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောက်သွိ|ခြောက်သွိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင့်ဆောင်ထိုင်|ခြောင့်ဆောင်ထိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင်းကတ်|ခြောင်းကတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင်းခြောက်|ခြောင်းခြောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင်းခြောင်း|ခြောင်းခြောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင်းဆိုး|ခြောင်းဆိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင်းဆိုးသွီးပါ|ခြောင်းဆိုးသွီးပါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင်းနက်|ခြောင်းနက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင်းသံ|ခြောင်းသံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင်းဟက်|ခြောင်းဟက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြောင်းဟန့်|ခြောင်းဟန့်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြတ်|ခြတ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြတ်ခြတ်|ခြတ်ခြတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြတ်ခြတ်ခြောက်|ခြတ်ခြတ်ခြောက်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြိတ်|ခြိတ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြိပ်|ခြိပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိပ်ချောင်း|ခြိပ်ချောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိပ်စီး|ခြိပ်စီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိပ်တံဆိပ်|ခြိပ်တံဆိပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိပ်ပေါက်|ခြိပ်ပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိပ်ပိတ်|ခြိပ်ပိတ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြုတ်|ခြုတ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြုတ်ခြီခြုတ်ခြက်|ခြုတ်ခြီခြုတ်ခြက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုတ်ခြီခြုတ်ခြုတ်|ခြုတ်ခြီခြုတ်ခြုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုတ်ခြယ်|ခြုတ်ခြယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုတ်ခြက်|ခြုတ်ခြက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုတ်ခြုတ်ခြက်ခြက်|ခြုတ်ခြုတ်ခြက်ခြက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုတ်ခြုတ်သံ|ခြုတ်ခြုတ်သံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုတ်မ|ခြုတ်မ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုတ်မစီ|ခြုတ်မစီ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြုပ်|ခြုပ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြုပ်စပ်|ခြုပ်စပ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြံ|ခြံ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြံခတ်|ခြံခတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြံချ|ခြံချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြံစည်းရိုး|ခြံစည်းရိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြံတိုင်|ခြံတိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြံတပ်|ခြံတပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြံထွက်|ခြံထွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြံပေါက်|ခြံပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြံပုပ်|ခြံပုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြံရံ|ခြံရံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြမ်း|ခြမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြမ်းကွဲ|ခြမ်းကွဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြမ်းစိ|ခြမ်းစိ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိန့်|ခြိန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိမ့်|ခြိမ့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိမ့်ခြိမ့်|ခြိမ့်ခြိမ့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိမ့်ခြိမ့်သဲသဲ|ခြိမ့်ခြိမ့်သဲသဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိမ့်ညောင်း|ခြိမ့်ညောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိမ်း|ခြိမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိမ်းခြောက်|ခြိမ်းခြောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိမ်းပ|ခြိမ်းပ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိမ်းမောင်း|ခြိမ်းမောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုံ|ခြုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုံကြား|ခြုံကြား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုံဆစ်|ခြုံဆစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုံနု|ခြုံနု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုံပုတ်|ခြုံပုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုံပျစ်တော|ခြုံပျစ်တော]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုံဗျိုင်း|ခြုံဗျိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုံမုံ|ခြုံမုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုန်း|ခြုန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြုန်းခြုန်း|ခြုန်းခြုန်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြို့|ခြို့]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုး|ခြိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးကပ်|ခြိုးကပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးခြီ|ခြိုးခြီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးခြံ|ခြိုးခြံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးငယ်တစ်ထိုး|ခြိုးငယ်တစ်ထိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးညို|ခြိုးညို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးညှင်း|ခြိုးညှင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးတည်ကျင်|ခြိုးတည်ကျင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးမလိုင်ဘီ|ခြိုးမလိုင်ဘီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးလင်းပြာ|ခြိုးလင်းပြာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးသစ်မြက်|ခြိုးသစ်မြက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြိုးသိမ်း|ခြိုးသိမ်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခွ|ခွ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခွကျ|ခွကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွစကား|ခွစကား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွစပါး|ခွစပါး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွစား|ခွစား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွစီး|ခွစီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဆန်|ခွဆန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဆုံ|ခွဆုံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတို|ခွတို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတိုက်|ခွတိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွပစာထမင်း|ခွပစာထမင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွပတာ|ခွပတာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဖဲ|ခွဖဲ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခွါ|ခွါ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခွါတိုင်း|ခွါတိုင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွါထောင်|ခွါထောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွါနာ|ခွါနာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွါနာကျ|ခွါနာကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွါပြီး|ခွါပြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွါဖိနပ်|ခွါဖိနပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွါရာတိုင်း|ခွါရာတိုင်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခွီ|ခွီ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခွီခွီပြတ်|ခွီခွီပြတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီခွီသီ|ခွီခွီသီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီယိုင်|ခွီယိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီသျှေ|ခွီသျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီး|ခွီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးကတက်|ခွီးကတက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးကျကျ|ခွီးကျကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးကျော်ကြောင်ကျော်|ခွီးကျော်ကြောင်ကျော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးကျင့်ကျင့်|ခွီးကျင့်ကျင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးကျင့်ခွီးကြံ|ခွီးကျင့်ခွီးကြံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးခနင်း|ခွီးခနင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးချီးပင်နာ|ခွီးချီးပင်နာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးချီးမှို|ခွီးချီးမှို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးချီးဟင်းခနွယ်|ခွီးချီးဟင်းခနွယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးခြီထောက်|ခွီးခြီထောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးစားဝက်စား|ခွီးစားဝက်စား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးတူဝက်တူ|ခွီးတူဝက်တူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးတောက်ပင်|ခွီးတောက်ပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးတောင်းကြီး|ခွီးတောင်းကြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးထွက်သံယို|ခွီးထွက်သံယို]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးနင်းကြောင်နင်း|ခွီးနင်းကြောင်နင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးပိုင်ဝက်ပိုင်|ခွီးပိုင်ဝက်ပိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးပြီးဝက်ပြီး|ခွီးပြီးဝက်ပြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးပြောင်|ခွီးပြောင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးဖင်ခြောက်|ခွီးဖင်ခြောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးဖင်တွား|ခွီးဖင်တွား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးဖြစ်ဝက်ဖြစ်|ခွီးဖြစ်ဝက်ဖြစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးဘရားဝက်ဘရား|ခွီးဘရားဝက်ဘရား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးမတုံး|ခွီးမတုံး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးမဒုံးကျိန်တောက်စွပ်|ခွီးမဒုံးကျိန်တောက်စွပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးယေပိုး|ခွီးယေပိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးရူးနာ|ခွီးရူးနာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးရူးပြန်|ခွီးရူးပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးရွင့်ပြာ|ခွီးရွင့်ပြာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးလခပတ်သီး|ခွီးလခပတ်သီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးလယာ|ခွီးလယာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးလင်ကျ|ခွီးလင်ကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးလင်ပြည်|ခွီးလင်ပြည်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးဝင်ကြောင်ဝင်|ခွီးဝင်ကြောင်ဝင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးဝင်စား|ခွီးဝင်စား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးသီ-သီ|ခွီးသီ-သီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွီးသင်းပေါင်း|ခွီးသင်းပေါင်း]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခွဲ|ခွဲ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲခြား|ခွဲခြား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲခြမ်း|ခွဲခြမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲခွါ|ခွဲခွါ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲစိတ်|ခွဲစိတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲတောင်း|ခွဲတောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲတမ်း|ခွဲတမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲထား|ခွဲထား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲထက်|ခွဲထက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲထွက်|ခွဲထွက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲပုံကျ|ခွဲပုံကျ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲဖြာ|ခွဲဖြာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွဲဝီ|ခွဲဝီ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခွက်|ခွက်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခွက်ချေမုန့်|ခွက်ချေမုန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွက်ချင်းစင်|ခွက်ချင်းစင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွက်ချင်းပြီး|ခွက်ချင်းပြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွက်ချင်းလန်|ခွက်ချင်းလန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွက်ခွင်း|ခွက်ခွင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွက်စောင်းသတ်|ခွက်စောင်းသတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွက်တောင်းပြန်|ခွက်တောင်းပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွက်ပေါင်းမုန့်|ခွက်ပေါင်းမုန့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွက်မှောက်|ခွက်မှောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင်|ခွင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင်ခနောက်|ခွင်ခနောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင်ခလောက်|ခွင်ခလောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင်ခြီထောက်|ခွင်ခြီထောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင်ဆရာ|ခွင်ဆရာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင့်|ခွင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင့်တိုင်|ခွင့်တိုင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင့်တောင်း|ခွင့်တောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင့်ပီး|ခွင့်ပီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင့်ပန်|ခွင့်ပန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင့်ပြု|ခွင့်ပြု]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင့်ယူ|ခွင့်ယူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင့်ရက်|ခွင့်ရက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင့်ရွှတ်|ခွင့်ရွှတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွင်း|ခွင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတ်|ခွတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတ်ခွတ်|ခွတ်ခွတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတ်ဆတ်ခွတ်လတ်|ခွတ်ဆတ်ခွတ်လတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတ်တောက်|ခွတ်တောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတ်ပြင်|ခွတ်ပြင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတ်လီခွတ်လတ်|ခွတ်လီခွတ်လတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတ်လတ်ခွတ်လတ်|ခွတ်လတ်ခွတ်လတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွတ်သတ်|ခွတ်သတ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခွပ်|ခွပ်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခွံ|ခွံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွံဆတ်ပင်|ခွံဆတ်ပင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွံဝါသျှေ|ခွံဝါသျှေ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွံ့|ခွံ့]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်|ခွန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်စိုက်|ခွန်စိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်အား|ခွန်အား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်အားစိုက်|ခွန်အားစိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်း|ခွန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်းတိုက်|ခွန်းတိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်းတိုင်းချီချ|ခွန်းတိုင်းချီချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်းတိုင်းပြန်|ခွန်းတိုင်းပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်းတုတ်|ခွန်းတုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန့်တုံကြီးငယ်|ခွန့်တုံကြီးငယ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခွန်းဟချီချ|ခွန်းဟချီချ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွပီး|ချွပီး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချွီး|ချွီး]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးကြီးပေါက်|ချွီးကြီးပေါက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးခံ|ချွီးခံ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးငုပ်|ချွီးငုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးစီး|ချွီးစီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးစို|ချွီးစို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးတတီးတီး|ချွီးတတီးတီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးထုတ်|ချွီးထုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးထွက်သံယို|ချွီးထွက်သံယို]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးပြန်|ချွီးပြန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးလွန်|ချွီးလွန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးသိပ်|ချွီးသိပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးအောင်း|ချွီးအောင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွီးအုပ်|ချွီးအုပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွေညာလွမ်း|ချွေညာလွမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွေး|ချွေး]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွေး-ချွေး|ချွေး-ချွေး]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချွဲ|ချွဲ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချွဲကပ်|ချွဲကပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွဲကျပ်|ချွဲကျပ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွဲထ|ချွဲထ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွဲပျစ်|ချွဲပျစ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွဲဟက်|ချွဲဟက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွဲဟောက်|ချွဲဟောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွတ်|ချွတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွတ်ချော်|ချွတ်ချော်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွတ်တွင်း|ချွတ်တွင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွတ်ထ|ချွတ်ထ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွတ်နင်း|ချွတ်နင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွတ်ယွင်း|ချွတ်ယွင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွတ်လွဲ|ချွတ်လွဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွိတ်|ချွိတ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ချွန်|ချွန်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ချွန်မြက်|ချွန်မြက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွန်း|ချွန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွန်းတောက်|ချွန်းတောက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ချွန်းဖဲ|ချွန်းဖဲ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွ|ခြွ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွခြွ|ခြွခြွ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွခြွတက်တက်|ခြွခြွတက်တက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွခြွတင်းတင်း|ခြွခြွတင်းတင်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွခြွရွရွ|ခြွခြွရွရွ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွတက်|ခြွတက်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြွာ|ခြွာ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြွာခြွာ|ခြွာခြွာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွာခြွာငေါ်ငေါ်|ခြွာခြွာငေါ်ငေါ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွာခြွာငတ်ငတ်|ခြွာခြွာငတ်ငတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွာခြွာရော်ရော်|ခြွာခြွာရော်ရော်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြွီ|ခြွီ]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြွီခြွီ|ခြွီခြွီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွီခြွီသီ|ခြွီခြွီသီ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွီမ|ခြွီမ]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြွင်း|ခြွင်း]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြွင်းချက်|ခြွင်းချက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွင်းချန်|ခြွင်းချန်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွတ်|ခြွတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွတ်ခြွတ်|ခြွတ်ခြွတ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြွန်|ခြွန်]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြွန်း|ခြွန်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွန်းကုတ်|ခြွန်းကုတ်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွန်းဆိုး|ခြွန်းဆိုး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွန်းဖား|ခြွန်းဖား]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွန်းဖားကြီး|ခြွန်းဖားကြီး]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွန်းဖေါင်|ခြွန်းဖေါင်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွန်းဖွင့်|ခြွန်းဖွင့်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွန်းအုပ်|ခြွန်းအုပ်]] ===[[Wt/rki/ခြွမ်း|ခြွမ်း]]=== *[[Wt/rki/ခြွမ်းခြွမ်း|ခြွမ်းခြွမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွမ်းတော့နာ|ခြွမ်းတော့နာ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွမ်းတမ်းခြွမ်း|ခြွမ်းတမ်းခြွမ်း]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွမ်းထိုက်|ခြွမ်းထိုက်]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွမ်းမရူ|ခြွမ်းမရူ]] *[[Wt/rki/ခြွမ်းမြောင်း|ခြွမ်းမြောင်း]] [[Category:Wt/rki]] n032dv6lz9mp3onh6edsipptbruef2a 0 3788316 7255684 7254961 2026-07-19T13:52:57Z Ngminnie 2608586 7255684 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox|item=Q305975}} '''Abū al-Qāsim Abbās ibn Firnās ibn Wardās al-Tākurunnī''' (Loribi Tɩrɩ: أَبُو ٱلْقَاسِمِ، عَبَّاسُ بْنُ فِرْنَاسِ بْنِ وَرْدَاسَ ٱلتَّاكُرُنِّيُّ; c. 809/810 – 887 CE), jɛmaa aŋ bannʋʋ ka '''ʿAbbās ibn Firnās''' '''(Loribi Tɩrɩ: عَبَّاسُ بْنُ فِرْنَاسِ)''' daaŋ ɩyɛ bagɩna a yi Andalusia (jine Spain):<ref name=":0">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbas_ibn_Firnas#cite_note-EI2-1</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbas_ibn_Firnas#cite_note-2</ref><ref name=":1">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbas_ibn_Firnas#cite_note-White-Quote-3</ref> a daaŋ ɩ buŋpaalɩmaana, ŋmarɩhbie bagɩna, Tɩɩŋdaana, chemist, mansiŋmaana, yieŋyiene anɩŋ Lugusɛʋrɩ Sɛʋra.<ref name=":1" /> Tɔɔhebu tɔɔheyeŋ ka ʋ daaŋ mɔɔyeŋ ka ʋ ɛgɩ nyɛ.<ref name=":0" /><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbas_ibn_Firnas#cite_note-4</ref><ref name=":2">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbas_ibn_Firnas#cite_note-Lynn_White_1961,_100f.-6</ref><ref name=":3">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbas_ibn_Firnas#cite_note-Lynn_White_1961,_100f.-6</ref> Ibn Firnas daaŋ mɔɔyeŋ suŋ ŋmarɩhbiebambu nɩŋ mansiŋmaalɩ yɛlɩtarhe puoŋ. Ʋ daaŋ maalɩyɛ mansiŋ kaŋa baŋ maŋ dɩ chɛgɩra ŋmarɩbie lɛohebo. A maalɩŋ paahe, Ibn Firnas la waanɩyɛ bɔɔ nɩ baŋ na baŋ dɩ maalɩ kolbaa ŋa aŋ nyɛra anɩŋ nyaahaa ŋa mɩŋ baŋ maŋ dɩ kanna, baŋ daaŋ buɔɔnaa ka kubi kannɩhe.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /> == Vorihuŋ Piilee == Bagɩnɩba jaa sagɩyeŋ ka Ibn Fiirnas _ youri paalɩɩ aŋ ɩ Abu al-Qasim Abbas Ibn Firnas Ibn Wirdas al-Takurini_ ɩyɛ nie ŋa baŋ daaŋ dɔgɩ Ronda, aŋ bi Takurunna teŋkpoŋ; a daaŋ kpɛ Córdoba,<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbas_ibn_Firnas#cite_note-7</ref> aŋ daaŋ ɩ Umayyad mawlaa ŋa bʋʋrɩɩ aŋ daaŋ ɩ Berber.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbas_ibn_Firnas#cite_note-main-8</ref><ref name=":0" /><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbas_ibn_Firnas#cite_note-uml-9</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbas_ibn_Firnas#cite_note-:0-10</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbas_ibn_Firnas#cite_note-Elias_Teres-11</ref> Ʋ nabaalɩ mine laŋ daaŋ jɛʋdi Iberia Peninsula. Puore sɛʋrɩ aŋ wa maalɩŋ tiire bla nɩ Lorbi Tɩrɩ aŋ suŋ Bambujulhuu baabo na baŋ bighiye Abbas ibn Firnas ka ʋ paahe Sɩlaamahe puoŋ bɩɩ ka Muladi deehuu daaŋ la. == Tʋma == Abbas ibn Firnas daaŋ maalɩ bɔɔ ŋa ʋŋ na baŋ tu maalɩ kɔlbaa ka ʋ ta tarɩ woree, a maalɩ kɔlba bʋʋra bʋʋra, ka nyaahe ŋa baŋ maŋ dɩ kaara kanna (kubi kannɩhe), a daaŋ maalɩ boŋ ŋa niɛ aŋ na baŋ dɩ chɛgɩ ŋmarɩbie lɛohebo, anɩŋ bla nɩ baŋ ŋmaa pie ka bla daaŋ suŋ ka Al-Andalus paalʋʋ bla dɩra piihi yire gara Misra (Egypt) ka ba ŋmaahe. Ʋ naŋ daaŋ wuli Andalus deme Sindhind, ŋa aŋ tarɩ tɔna yɛga Ŋmarɩbie daãhebo bambu Europe puoŋ. Ʋ naŋ daaŋ la maalɩ al-Maqata, kuoŋ gbelŋe, ka ʋ nɩŋ metronome jaa da maŋ yɛ ɩ buŋ yeni. == Pleŋ Maalɩbʋ nɩŋ Ʋ Ɛgɩbu Bambu == Qarni ayopoiŋ sɛrɩ chɛ ka Ibn Firnas kpi, Algeria tenkoreŋ yɛla bagɩna aŋ la Ahmad al-Maqqari (kuuŋ saŋa 1632) sɛʋyeŋ a bigihe Ibn Firnas nɩŋ yɛlɩyɛga ŋa: <blockquote>Munbaŋ yɛla nɩ mine ʋ haŋ daaŋ ɩ nɩ, ka ŋa la ʋŋ daaŋ mɔɔ ka ʋ ɛgɩ. Ʋŋ daaŋ pili ʋ mɩŋa nɩŋ ŋmankʋɔnɩ a juŋ, a maalɩ kpankpama ɩŋ ʋ ɩŋaŋ, a do jie aŋ do, a ihi ɛgɩ sɛsɛʋ puoŋ, sɛʋsɛʋrɩba jɛmaa jie aŋ di a bla ŋa seeree tɔɔhebuŋ, ʋ daaŋ baŋ ɛgɩyɛ fɩɩŋ, awa ʋŋ mɩŋ daaŋ lɛo ŋmanɩɩ, chɛ, ʋŋ daaŋ lɛo wa ka ʋ wa dɔglɩ jie nɩ ʋŋ daŋ ahe nɩ ka ʋ puori jaa chɛ natiɛɛ, anɩŋ ʋ haŋ daaŋ ba baŋ ka ka ŋmamaŋ wa ka a sigi a jʋʋrɩ seŋ aŋ daŋ maŋ dɩ sigi, ʋŋ yiihi ka ʋ maalɩ kaŋa ku ʋ mɩŋa.</blockquote>Yɛlɩbʋ yɛlɩyeŋ ka Al-Maqqari teŋkore yɛla sɛure puoŋ, " fɔra tɔɔŋhebu nɩ yɛga jie ba la chibe", chɛ Ibn Firnas yɛla yeŋ, ʋna daaŋ ba wuli jie ʋŋ yiniŋ duoho nɩ aŋ wunno bla nɩ niɛ aŋ na baŋ ɛgɩ, anaa jaa ka ʋ daaŋ yɛlɩyeŋ ka ʋ nyɛɛ Ibn Sina ɛgɩbu tɩɛɛha nɩ ayi lugusɛʋre bait kaŋa baŋ daaŋ sɛʋ Lorbi tɩreŋ qarni awaɩ puoŋ. Mu'min ibn Said laŋ daaŋ sɛʋ ana lugusɛʋre ŋa, a daaŋ ɩ Córdoba najɛŋʋ lugulɔɔra Muhammad I ( aŋ kpi 886) jɛmanɩŋ, ʋŋ daaŋ baŋ Ibn Firnas ka ʋniʋ piɛɛlɩ taa. A bait nimbijie la ŋa: " ʋnaŋ ɛgɩra yɛga gaa banpɛpɛlɛɛ ʋ ɛgɩbu puoŋ haali gba ka jugri kuɔɔnɩ ʋŋ dɩ ɩŋ. Chɛ sɛʋrɩ jaanɩ jaa lieŋ bala chibe a tɩ jɛgɩ bla ŋa. Niba mine mɩŋ nyɩɩbʋ la ŋa ka Ibn Firnas mɔɔrɩ nɩ ʋŋ daaŋ mɔɔ ka ʋ ɛgɩ nɩ la ka Eilmer mɩŋ aŋ daaŋ yi Malmesbury daaŋ nyɛ awa a yuomo 1000 nɩŋ 1010 England paalʋʋ puoŋ chɛ mɩŋ naŋ ɛgɩ, chɛ seeree jaa chibe a sunna a bla ŋa. == Armen Firman == Tɔɔhebu mine puoŋ, awa yuomo 20 sɛre chɛ ka Ibn Firnas ʋ daaŋ nyiyɛ daʋ kaŋa baŋ daaŋ buɔɔna Armen Firman aŋ daaŋ piliye ʋmiŋa nɩŋ tanɩ ŋa ʋŋ daaŋ kpa ɩŋ daarɩ ɩŋaŋ chɛ daaŋ ɛgɩ yi songosongo kaŋa juŋ Córdoba puoŋ, ka ʋ tɩɛɛha daaŋ la ka ka lɛʋhe a tanɩ kpankpama ŋa aŋ na sumuʋ ka ʋ ɛgɩ. Chɛ ʋ mɔɔrɩ nɩ daaŋ ba tuohe junɔɔ, chɛ a tanɩ daaŋ suŋyeŋ ʋŋ daaŋ ba le wieŋ ka bla veŋ ʋ daaŋ ba nyɛ natɩ bɛra. Chɛ, tɔɔhe jaanɩ mine mɩŋ aŋ yɛlɩ kpɛ puo bla nɩ Ibn Firnas aŋ daaŋ mɔɔ ka ʋ ɛgɩ nɩ yɛla ba yɛlɩ yɛla jaa a tɩ jɛgɩ Armen Firman yɛla. Al-Maqqari sɛʋrɩ nɩ ʋŋ sɛʋ Ibn Firnas yɛla nɩ, ka ana aaŋ la duohe aŋ yɛla ʋ ɛgɩbu nɩ yɛla, ʋ ba buoŋ Firman youri be. Ba haŋ yɛlɩ ka Firman ɛgɩbu nɩ la yɛla nɩ aŋ daaŋ ɩŋ Ibn Firnas ana haaqila nɩ, chɛ Al-Maqqari aŋ ba sɛʋ Firman yɛla ʋ kitaabu nɩ puoŋ na baŋ ɩŋ ka yɛlɩ yeni la baŋ nyɔge lɛohe yɛla ayi _ ka a songosongo ju ɛgɩ chiinhibu la baŋ ba baŋ chɛ dɩ yɛla ka Ibn Firnas daaŋ mɔɔyeŋ ka ɛgɩ, sɛʋ jaanɩ puoŋ. A yɛla yɛlɩmɩŋa la ŋa, a na baŋ ɩŋ ka youri ŋa aŋ la Armen Firman ɩyɛ Abass Ibn Firnas buɔŋbʋ Latin tɩrɩŋ. == Yɛla Ʋŋ Bahe Ku Niba == 1973 puoŋ, Badri al-Samarrai daaŋ maalɩyɛ jenihuuŋ baŋ daaŋ bimuʋ Baghdad International Airport Iraq puoŋ. 1976 puoŋ, Astronomical Union (IAU) daaŋ kuye sɔrɩ ka ba ku bɔgʋ kaŋa aŋ bi Chiu puoŋ youri ka Ibn Firnas. 2011 puoŋ, kodorikohe nɩ kaŋa aŋ gaŋ Guadalquivir koŋgbɛrɩ Córdoba, Spain puoŋ, ba daaŋ kuuŋ ka "Abbas ibn Firnás Kodoriko". British pleŋ, Firnas Airways, ɩyɛ buŋ ŋa baŋ dɩ sɩghe ʋ yuori. == Kaa Chɛ Meŋ == * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Aviacionavion.png|link=|alt=|class=noviewer|28x28px]]Aviation portal * Hezârfen Ahmed Çelebi * History of aviation * Ismail ibn Hammad al-Jawhari * Lagâri Hasan Çelebi * List of inventions in the medieval Islamic world * Timeline of science and technology in the Islamic world == Tarɩjiihi == [[Category:Wp/wlx]] cz108nqwo87x8agyiow7sydsn4dw9iy 7256314 7255684 2026-07-20T09:13:12Z Ngminnie 2608586 7256314 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox|item=Q305975}} '''Abū al-Qāsim Abbās ibn Firnās ibn Wardās al-Tākurunnī''' (Loribi Tɩrɩ: أَبُو ٱلْقَاسِمِ، عَبَّاسُ بْنُ فِرْنَاسِ بْنِ وَرْدَاسَ ٱلتَّاكُرُنِّيُّ; c. 809/810 – 887 CE), jɛmaa aŋ bannʋʋ ka '''ʿAbbās ibn Firnās''' '''(Loribi Tɩrɩ: عَبَّاسُ بْنُ فِرْنَاسِ)''' daaŋ ɩyɛ bagɩna a yi Andalusia (jine Spain):<ref name=":0">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbas_ibn_Firnas#cite_note-EI2-1</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbas_ibn_Firnas#cite_note-2</ref><ref name=":1">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbas_ibn_Firnas#cite_note-White-Quote-3</ref> a daaŋ ɩ buŋpaalɩmaana, ŋmarɩhbie bagɩna, Tɩɩŋdaana, chemist, mansiŋmaana, yieŋyiene anɩŋ Lugusɛʋrɩ Sɛʋra.<ref name=":1" /> Tɔɔhebu tɔɔheyeŋ ka ʋ daaŋ mɔɔyeŋ ka ʋ ɛgɩ nyɛ.<ref name=":0" /><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbas_ibn_Firnas#cite_note-4</ref><ref name=":2">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbas_ibn_Firnas#cite_note-Lynn_White_1961,_100f.-6</ref><ref name=":3">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbas_ibn_Firnas#cite_note-Lynn_White_1961,_100f.-6</ref> Ibn Firnas daaŋ mɔɔyeŋ suŋ ŋmarɩhbiebambu nɩŋ mansiŋmaalɩ yɛlɩtarhe puoŋ. Ʋ daaŋ maalɩyɛ mansiŋ kaŋa baŋ maŋ dɩ chɛgɩra ŋmarɩbie lɛohebo. A maalɩŋ paahe, Ibn Firnas la waanɩyɛ bɔɔ nɩ baŋ na baŋ dɩ maalɩ kolbaa ŋa aŋ nyɛra anɩŋ nyaahaa ŋa mɩŋ baŋ maŋ dɩ kanna, baŋ daaŋ buɔɔnaa ka kubi kannɩhe.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /> == Vorihuŋ Piilee == Bagɩnɩba jaa sagɩyeŋ ka Ibn Fiirnas _ youri paalɩɩ aŋ ɩ Abu al-Qasim Abbas Ibn Firnas Ibn Wirdas al-Takurini_ ɩyɛ nie ŋa baŋ daaŋ dɔgɩ Ronda, aŋ bi Takurunna teŋkpoŋ; a daaŋ kpɛ Córdoba,<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbas_ibn_Firnas#cite_note-7</ref> aŋ daaŋ ɩ Umayyad mawlaa ŋa bʋʋrɩɩ aŋ daaŋ ɩ Berber.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbas_ibn_Firnas#cite_note-main-8</ref><ref name=":0" /><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbas_ibn_Firnas#cite_note-uml-9</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbas_ibn_Firnas#cite_note-:0-10</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbas_ibn_Firnas#cite_note-Elias_Teres-11</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbas_ibn_Firnas#cite_note-Sams%C3%B3_2023_q605-12</ref> Ʋ nabaalɩ mine laŋ daaŋ jɛʋdi Iberia Peninsula.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbas_ibn_Firnas#cite_note-13</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbas_ibn_Firnas#cite_note-review-14</ref> Puore sɛʋrɩ aŋ wa maalɩŋ tiire bla nɩ Lorbi Tɩrɩ aŋ suŋ Bambujulhuu baabo na baŋ bighiye Abbas ibn Firnas ka ʋ paahe Sɩlaamahe puoŋ<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbas_ibn_Firnas#cite_note-inventors-15</ref> bɩɩ ka Muladi deehuu daaŋ la. == Tʋma == Abbas ibn Firnas daaŋ maalɩ bɔɔ ŋa ʋŋ na baŋ tu maalɩ kɔlbaa ka ʋ ta tarɩ woree, a maalɩ kɔlba bʋʋra bʋʋra, ka nyaahe ŋa baŋ maŋ dɩ kaara kanna (kubi kannɩhe), a daaŋ maalɩ boŋ ŋa niɛ aŋ na baŋ dɩ chɛgɩ ŋmarɩbie lɛohebo, anɩŋ bla nɩ baŋ ŋmaa pie ka bla daaŋ suŋ ka Al-Andalus paalʋʋ bla dɩra piihi yire gara Misra (Egypt) ka ba ŋmaahe. Ʋ naŋ daaŋ wuli Andalus deme Sindhind, ŋa aŋ tarɩ tɔna yɛga Ŋmarɩbie daãhebo bambu Europe puoŋ. Ʋ naŋ daaŋ la maalɩ al-Maqata, kuoŋ gbelŋe, ka ʋ nɩŋ metronome jaa da maŋ yɛ ɩ buŋ yeni. == Pleŋ Maalɩbʋ nɩŋ Ʋ Ɛgɩbu Bambu == Qarni ayopoiŋ sɛrɩ chɛ ka Ibn Firnas kpi, Algeria tenkoreŋ yɛla bagɩna aŋ la Ahmad al-Maqqari (kuuŋ saŋa 1632) sɛʋyeŋ a bigihe Ibn Firnas nɩŋ yɛlɩyɛga ŋa: <blockquote>Munbaŋ yɛla nɩ mine ʋ haŋ daaŋ ɩ nɩ, ka ŋa la ʋŋ daaŋ mɔɔ ka ʋ ɛgɩ. Ʋŋ daaŋ pili ʋ mɩŋa nɩŋ ŋmankʋɔnɩ a juŋ, a maalɩ kpankpama ɩŋ ʋ ɩŋaŋ, a do jie aŋ do, a ihi ɛgɩ sɛsɛʋ puoŋ, sɛʋsɛʋrɩba jɛmaa jie aŋ di a bla ŋa seeree tɔɔhebuŋ, ʋ daaŋ baŋ ɛgɩyɛ fɩɩŋ, awa ʋŋ mɩŋ daaŋ lɛo ŋmanɩɩ, chɛ, ʋŋ daaŋ lɛo wa ka ʋ wa dɔglɩ jie nɩ ʋŋ daŋ ahe nɩ ka ʋ puori jaa chɛ natiɛɛ, anɩŋ ʋ haŋ daaŋ ba baŋ ka ka ŋmamaŋ wa ka a sigi a jʋʋrɩ seŋ aŋ daŋ maŋ dɩ sigi, ʋŋ yiihi ka ʋ maalɩ kaŋa ku ʋ mɩŋa.</blockquote>Yɛlɩbʋ yɛlɩyeŋ ka Al-Maqqari teŋkore yɛla sɛure puoŋ, " fɔra tɔɔŋhebu nɩ yɛga jie ba la chibe", chɛ Ibn Firnas yɛla yeŋ, ʋna daaŋ ba wuli jie ʋŋ yiniŋ duoho nɩ aŋ wunno bla nɩ niɛ aŋ na baŋ ɛgɩ, anaa jaa ka ʋ daaŋ yɛlɩyeŋ ka ʋ nyɛɛ Ibn Sina ɛgɩbu tɩɛɛha nɩ ayi lugusɛʋre bait kaŋa baŋ daaŋ sɛʋ Lorbi tɩreŋ qarni awaɩ puoŋ. Mu'min ibn Said laŋ daaŋ sɛʋ ana lugusɛʋre ŋa, a daaŋ ɩ Córdoba najɛŋʋ lugulɔɔra Muhammad I ( aŋ kpi 886) jɛmanɩŋ, ʋŋ daaŋ baŋ Ibn Firnas ka ʋniʋ piɛɛlɩ taa. A bait nimbijie la ŋa: " ʋnaŋ ɛgɩra yɛga gaa banpɛpɛlɛɛ ʋ ɛgɩbu puoŋ haali gba ka jugri kuɔɔnɩ ʋŋ dɩ ɩŋ. Chɛ sɛʋrɩ jaanɩ jaa lieŋ bala chibe a tɩ jɛgɩ bla ŋa. Niba mine mɩŋ nyɩɩbʋ la ŋa ka Ibn Firnas mɔɔrɩ nɩ ʋŋ daaŋ mɔɔ ka ʋ ɛgɩ nɩ la ka Eilmer mɩŋ aŋ daaŋ yi Malmesbury daaŋ nyɛ awa a yuomo 1000 nɩŋ 1010 England paalʋʋ puoŋ chɛ mɩŋ naŋ ɛgɩ, chɛ seeree jaa chibe a sunna a bla ŋa. == Armen Firman == Tɔɔhebu mine puoŋ, awa yuomo 20 sɛre chɛ ka Ibn Firnas ʋ daaŋ nyiyɛ daʋ kaŋa baŋ daaŋ buɔɔna Armen Firman aŋ daaŋ piliye ʋmiŋa nɩŋ tanɩ ŋa ʋŋ daaŋ kpa ɩŋ daarɩ ɩŋaŋ chɛ daaŋ ɛgɩ yi songosongo kaŋa juŋ Córdoba puoŋ, ka ʋ tɩɛɛha daaŋ la ka ka lɛʋhe a tanɩ kpankpama ŋa aŋ na sumuʋ ka ʋ ɛgɩ. Chɛ ʋ mɔɔrɩ nɩ daaŋ ba tuohe junɔɔ, chɛ a tanɩ daaŋ suŋyeŋ ʋŋ daaŋ ba le wieŋ ka bla veŋ ʋ daaŋ ba nyɛ natɩ bɛra. Chɛ, tɔɔhe jaanɩ mine mɩŋ aŋ yɛlɩ kpɛ puo bla nɩ Ibn Firnas aŋ daaŋ mɔɔ ka ʋ ɛgɩ nɩ yɛla ba yɛlɩ yɛla jaa a tɩ jɛgɩ Armen Firman yɛla. Al-Maqqari sɛʋrɩ nɩ ʋŋ sɛʋ Ibn Firnas yɛla nɩ, ka ana aaŋ la duohe aŋ yɛla ʋ ɛgɩbu nɩ yɛla, ʋ ba buoŋ Firman youri be. Ba haŋ yɛlɩ ka Firman ɛgɩbu nɩ la yɛla nɩ aŋ daaŋ ɩŋ Ibn Firnas ana haaqila nɩ, chɛ Al-Maqqari aŋ ba sɛʋ Firman yɛla ʋ kitaabu nɩ puoŋ na baŋ ɩŋ ka yɛlɩ yeni la baŋ nyɔge lɛohe yɛla ayi _ ka a songosongo ju ɛgɩ chiinhibu la baŋ ba baŋ chɛ dɩ yɛla ka Ibn Firnas daaŋ mɔɔyeŋ ka ɛgɩ, sɛʋ jaanɩ puoŋ. A yɛla yɛlɩmɩŋa la ŋa, a na baŋ ɩŋ ka youri ŋa aŋ la Armen Firman ɩyɛ Abass Ibn Firnas buɔŋbʋ Latin tɩrɩŋ. == Yɛla Ʋŋ Bahe Ku Niba == 1973 puoŋ, Badri al-Samarrai daaŋ maalɩyɛ jenihuuŋ baŋ daaŋ bimuʋ Baghdad International Airport Iraq puoŋ. 1976 puoŋ, Astronomical Union (IAU) daaŋ kuye sɔrɩ ka ba ku bɔgʋ kaŋa aŋ bi Chiu puoŋ youri ka Ibn Firnas. 2011 puoŋ, kodorikohe nɩ kaŋa aŋ gaŋ Guadalquivir koŋgbɛrɩ Córdoba, Spain puoŋ, ba daaŋ kuuŋ ka "Abbas ibn Firnás Kodoriko". British pleŋ, Firnas Airways, ɩyɛ buŋ ŋa baŋ dɩ sɩghe ʋ yuori. == Kaa Chɛ Meŋ == * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Aviacionavion.png|link=|alt=|class=noviewer|28x28px]]Aviation portal * Hezârfen Ahmed Çelebi * History of aviation * Ismail ibn Hammad al-Jawhari * Lagâri Hasan Çelebi * List of inventions in the medieval Islamic world * Timeline of science and technology in the Islamic world == Tarɩjiihi == [[Category:Wp/wlx]] klxfn36c6fy20yhn6mt7s7myobwhjz5 0 3788924 7256463 7246326 2026-07-20T10:49:55Z Bala Yaro 2694948 7256463 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fatoumata Binta Diallo''' ƴar siyasa ce a Guinea. Tsohuwar Ministar Makamashi da Ruwa ce kuma Ministar Masana'antu, Ƙanana da Matsakaitan Kamfanoni da Haɓaka Sassan Masu Zaman Kansu, a halin yanzu ita ce shugabar ƙungiyar mata 'yan majalisar dokokin Guinea. [[Category:Wq/ha]] 39857n256w4fe2y08mvoolcdy6lmzsj 0 3789351 7255727 7248387 2026-07-19T15:29:57Z Anthony Dery 2587057 7255727 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dried and salted cod''', saŋa kaŋa baŋ maŋ bʋɔna ka salt cod (jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo) bɩɩ saltfish bɩɩ salt dolly ɩɛ jɩɩhʋʋ ŋa baŋ maŋ dɩ yaarʋŋ a farɩ kyɛ dɩ dɩɛlɩ ʋŋ ko. Jɩma nɩ baŋ maŋ dɩɛlɩ ka ba ba faraa yaarʋŋ nɩ baŋ bʋɔna stockfish. Salt cod ŋa ɩɛ saŋa jaa bʋŋkʋɔhɩɩ aŋ yi North Atlantic rɩjɩn. Ana jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo ŋa wa ɩɛ sɩɩmaa bʋʋhʋ ŋa kaŋa a bi jiihi aŋ ŋmaa gili Atlantic nɩŋ Mediterranean. Newfounland, Iceland anɩŋ Faroe Islands la maŋ maana ana jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo ŋa yuoŋ kɔɔhaanu aŋ parɩ. Ba maŋ la maanɛɛ mine Norway baŋ bʋɔnaa Klippfisk. Lesiri lomboriŋ ba maŋ dɩɛlaaŋ yeŋe piihi ju ka sɛsɛʋ nɩŋ ŋmenaa a tɔa. Jine ba maŋ dɩɛlaaŋ deʋ puo a dɩ fɩntɩndigli sʋŋ aŋ ko. Kyɛ Western nɩŋ Northern Norway jɩma naŋ maŋ dɩɛlɛɛ yeŋe. Ba maŋ kʋɔhɛɛ ana jima ŋa a ku Southern Europe dadiribo. == Yɛlɩkori == Jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo ɩɛ bʋŋ nimijɩɛ aŋ nyɔgɩ dʋn paalaa ŋa nɩŋ dʋn koree nɩ a laŋ taa daadiibu lomboriŋ. Ʋ la ɩɛ a triangular trade gbɛɛ ata nɩ kaŋa. Aŋ wuli ka ʋ ŋmaa gilee Atlantic a lɛʋ ɩ sɩmmaalɩ bʋŋ kaŋa aŋ bi Northern Europe, Mediterranean, West Africa, Caribbean anɩŋ Brazilian sɩɩmɩhɩ puo. Sɩɩmaa dɩɛlɩbʋ ɩɛ sɔɛ ŋa kaŋa tɩŋ maŋ biŋ sɩɩmaa aŋ ba saana. Jɩŋ kuomo na baŋ bimee yuoŋ jamaa. Lesiri puo Jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo da maŋ yaglɛɛ da pɛntɛ bɩɩ kubo bɩɩ piihi ju yeŋeŋ ka ŋmɩnaa nɩŋ sɛsɛʋ ŋmɩa manɩ nʋɔrɩŋ. Dɩɛlɩbʋ maŋ gue jɩma tɔna ka a yaarʋŋ farɩbʋ mɩŋ maŋ vɛŋ aŋ nʋma yaga.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Ruhlman</ref> Jɩŋ yaarʋŋ farɩbʋ wa lɛbɛɛ libibɔ sɛnkyɩrɩ pie nɩŋ ayɔpoi puo saŋa nɩ yaarʋŋ arɩha aŋ yi Southern Europe a da maŋ wa Northern Europe. Ana sɔrɩ ŋa da ɩɛ arɩha ka a jɩŋ nyɔgrɩba bɩɩ ba dɔgrɩba da na baŋ maanaa. Bʋŋ jaa baŋ da maalɩ da maŋ gaaɛ daa. A jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuimo ŋa wa ɩɛ bʋŋ aŋ pʋrɩ sɩɩmɩhɩ puo Catholic paalʋŋ nɩ aŋ ba maŋ ɔɔra nɛnɩ beri mine nɩ. Newfounland da ba tarɩ uonii wo ba na baŋ maalɩ stockfish(jɩmbilii) bɩɩ yaarʋŋ jamaa aŋ na tʋɔŋ maalɩ Portuguese deme jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo nɩ taa. Ajuŋ ba da bɔɛ sɔɛ ata laŋ taa a maŋ maalɩ ba jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo aŋ ba tarɩ farɩ yaarʋŋ yaga. Norway puo ba da bʋɔnaaŋ "terranova fisk" (Newfoundland fish) kyɛ ka rocky coast bʋɔnaa klippfisk(ba naŋ maanaaŋ). Britain deme mɩŋ wa maanɛɛ bʋŋ kaŋa aŋ maŋ sʋŋ ka a jɩma ko a yi Grand banks of Newfoundland sɩʋŋ wagrɩ baŋ bʋɔna ka "habaedine" bɩɩ "Poor John".<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=JE-UOOe1WnQC</ref> == Enfuomo == [[https://dga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duoro_kɔre:Cod_preparation.jpg|left|thumb]] [[https://dga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duoro_kɔre:Saltfiskur.jpg|center|thumb]] [[https://dga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duoro_kɔre:Tirade_BacalaoSecoSalado-Ruso-P1060560.JPG|left|thumb]] [[https://dga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duoro_kɔre:Morue_for_sale_Nice.jpg|center|thumb]] [[https://dga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duoro_kɔre:Bacalao_valencia.jpg|center|thumb]] == A Yoe == == A Maalɩbʋ Sɔɛ == == Jɩŋ Bʋʋra == == Jɩŋ Sʋʋhɩ == == Tarɩjiihi == 33p1wslwsijgbmunjk4hr6ekhl9dn8v 7255728 7255727 2026-07-19T15:30:46Z Anthony Dery 2587057 /* Jɩŋ Sʋʋhɩ */ 7255728 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dried and salted cod''', saŋa kaŋa baŋ maŋ bʋɔna ka salt cod (jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo) bɩɩ saltfish bɩɩ salt dolly ɩɛ jɩɩhʋʋ ŋa baŋ maŋ dɩ yaarʋŋ a farɩ kyɛ dɩ dɩɛlɩ ʋŋ ko. Jɩma nɩ baŋ maŋ dɩɛlɩ ka ba ba faraa yaarʋŋ nɩ baŋ bʋɔna stockfish. Salt cod ŋa ɩɛ saŋa jaa bʋŋkʋɔhɩɩ aŋ yi North Atlantic rɩjɩn. Ana jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo ŋa wa ɩɛ sɩɩmaa bʋʋhʋ ŋa kaŋa a bi jiihi aŋ ŋmaa gili Atlantic nɩŋ Mediterranean. Newfounland, Iceland anɩŋ Faroe Islands la maŋ maana ana jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo ŋa yuoŋ kɔɔhaanu aŋ parɩ. Ba maŋ la maanɛɛ mine Norway baŋ bʋɔnaa Klippfisk. Lesiri lomboriŋ ba maŋ dɩɛlaaŋ yeŋe piihi ju ka sɛsɛʋ nɩŋ ŋmenaa a tɔa. Jine ba maŋ dɩɛlaaŋ deʋ puo a dɩ fɩntɩndigli sʋŋ aŋ ko. Kyɛ Western nɩŋ Northern Norway jɩma naŋ maŋ dɩɛlɛɛ yeŋe. Ba maŋ kʋɔhɛɛ ana jima ŋa a ku Southern Europe dadiribo. == Yɛlɩkori == Jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo ɩɛ bʋŋ nimijɩɛ aŋ nyɔgɩ dʋn paalaa ŋa nɩŋ dʋn koree nɩ a laŋ taa daadiibu lomboriŋ. Ʋ la ɩɛ a triangular trade gbɛɛ ata nɩ kaŋa. Aŋ wuli ka ʋ ŋmaa gilee Atlantic a lɛʋ ɩ sɩmmaalɩ bʋŋ kaŋa aŋ bi Northern Europe, Mediterranean, West Africa, Caribbean anɩŋ Brazilian sɩɩmɩhɩ puo. Sɩɩmaa dɩɛlɩbʋ ɩɛ sɔɛ ŋa kaŋa tɩŋ maŋ biŋ sɩɩmaa aŋ ba saana. Jɩŋ kuomo na baŋ bimee yuoŋ jamaa. Lesiri puo Jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo da maŋ yaglɛɛ da pɛntɛ bɩɩ kubo bɩɩ piihi ju yeŋeŋ ka ŋmɩnaa nɩŋ sɛsɛʋ ŋmɩa manɩ nʋɔrɩŋ. Dɩɛlɩbʋ maŋ gue jɩma tɔna ka a yaarʋŋ farɩbʋ mɩŋ maŋ vɛŋ aŋ nʋma yaga.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Ruhlman</ref> Jɩŋ yaarʋŋ farɩbʋ wa lɛbɛɛ libibɔ sɛnkyɩrɩ pie nɩŋ ayɔpoi puo saŋa nɩ yaarʋŋ arɩha aŋ yi Southern Europe a da maŋ wa Northern Europe. Ana sɔrɩ ŋa da ɩɛ arɩha ka a jɩŋ nyɔgrɩba bɩɩ ba dɔgrɩba da na baŋ maanaa. Bʋŋ jaa baŋ da maalɩ da maŋ gaaɛ daa. A jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuimo ŋa wa ɩɛ bʋŋ aŋ pʋrɩ sɩɩmɩhɩ puo Catholic paalʋŋ nɩ aŋ ba maŋ ɔɔra nɛnɩ beri mine nɩ. Newfounland da ba tarɩ uonii wo ba na baŋ maalɩ stockfish(jɩmbilii) bɩɩ yaarʋŋ jamaa aŋ na tʋɔŋ maalɩ Portuguese deme jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo nɩ taa. Ajuŋ ba da bɔɛ sɔɛ ata laŋ taa a maŋ maalɩ ba jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo aŋ ba tarɩ farɩ yaarʋŋ yaga. Norway puo ba da bʋɔnaaŋ "terranova fisk" (Newfoundland fish) kyɛ ka rocky coast bʋɔnaa klippfisk(ba naŋ maanaaŋ). Britain deme mɩŋ wa maanɛɛ bʋŋ kaŋa aŋ maŋ sʋŋ ka a jɩma ko a yi Grand banks of Newfoundland sɩʋŋ wagrɩ baŋ bʋɔna ka "habaedine" bɩɩ "Poor John".<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=JE-UOOe1WnQC</ref> == Enfuomo == [[https://dga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duoro_kɔre:Cod_preparation.jpg|left|thumb]] [[https://dga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duoro_kɔre:Saltfiskur.jpg|center|thumb]] [[https://dga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duoro_kɔre:Tirade_BacalaoSecoSalado-Ruso-P1060560.JPG|left|thumb]] [[https://dga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duoro_kɔre:Morue_for_sale_Nice.jpg|center|thumb]] [[https://dga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duoro_kɔre:Bacalao_valencia.jpg|center|thumb]] == A Yoe == == A Maalɩbʋ Sɔɛ == == Jɩŋ Bʋʋra == == Jɩŋ Sʋʋhɩ == * List of dried foods * Salted fish * Fish processing * Bacalhau – * Stockfish – * Ackee and saltfish Jamaica paaloŋ bondirii * Collapse of the Atlantic northwest cod fishery == Tarɩjiihi == 3t7ax9yg5rzzhbn9ndynj86uyy2hc4n 7255729 7255728 2026-07-19T15:37:03Z Anthony Dery 2587057 /* A Maalɩbʋ Sɔɛ */ 7255729 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dried and salted cod''', saŋa kaŋa baŋ maŋ bʋɔna ka salt cod (jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo) bɩɩ saltfish bɩɩ salt dolly ɩɛ jɩɩhʋʋ ŋa baŋ maŋ dɩ yaarʋŋ a farɩ kyɛ dɩ dɩɛlɩ ʋŋ ko. Jɩma nɩ baŋ maŋ dɩɛlɩ ka ba ba faraa yaarʋŋ nɩ baŋ bʋɔna stockfish. Salt cod ŋa ɩɛ saŋa jaa bʋŋkʋɔhɩɩ aŋ yi North Atlantic rɩjɩn. Ana jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo ŋa wa ɩɛ sɩɩmaa bʋʋhʋ ŋa kaŋa a bi jiihi aŋ ŋmaa gili Atlantic nɩŋ Mediterranean. Newfounland, Iceland anɩŋ Faroe Islands la maŋ maana ana jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo ŋa yuoŋ kɔɔhaanu aŋ parɩ. Ba maŋ la maanɛɛ mine Norway baŋ bʋɔnaa Klippfisk. Lesiri lomboriŋ ba maŋ dɩɛlaaŋ yeŋe piihi ju ka sɛsɛʋ nɩŋ ŋmenaa a tɔa. Jine ba maŋ dɩɛlaaŋ deʋ puo a dɩ fɩntɩndigli sʋŋ aŋ ko. Kyɛ Western nɩŋ Northern Norway jɩma naŋ maŋ dɩɛlɛɛ yeŋe. Ba maŋ kʋɔhɛɛ ana jima ŋa a ku Southern Europe dadiribo. == Yɛlɩkori == Jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo ɩɛ bʋŋ nimijɩɛ aŋ nyɔgɩ dʋn paalaa ŋa nɩŋ dʋn koree nɩ a laŋ taa daadiibu lomboriŋ. Ʋ la ɩɛ a triangular trade gbɛɛ ata nɩ kaŋa. Aŋ wuli ka ʋ ŋmaa gilee Atlantic a lɛʋ ɩ sɩmmaalɩ bʋŋ kaŋa aŋ bi Northern Europe, Mediterranean, West Africa, Caribbean anɩŋ Brazilian sɩɩmɩhɩ puo. Sɩɩmaa dɩɛlɩbʋ ɩɛ sɔɛ ŋa kaŋa tɩŋ maŋ biŋ sɩɩmaa aŋ ba saana. Jɩŋ kuomo na baŋ bimee yuoŋ jamaa. Lesiri puo Jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo da maŋ yaglɛɛ da pɛntɛ bɩɩ kubo bɩɩ piihi ju yeŋeŋ ka ŋmɩnaa nɩŋ sɛsɛʋ ŋmɩa manɩ nʋɔrɩŋ. Dɩɛlɩbʋ maŋ gue jɩma tɔna ka a yaarʋŋ farɩbʋ mɩŋ maŋ vɛŋ aŋ nʋma yaga.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Ruhlman</ref> Jɩŋ yaarʋŋ farɩbʋ wa lɛbɛɛ libibɔ sɛnkyɩrɩ pie nɩŋ ayɔpoi puo saŋa nɩ yaarʋŋ arɩha aŋ yi Southern Europe a da maŋ wa Northern Europe. Ana sɔrɩ ŋa da ɩɛ arɩha ka a jɩŋ nyɔgrɩba bɩɩ ba dɔgrɩba da na baŋ maanaa. Bʋŋ jaa baŋ da maalɩ da maŋ gaaɛ daa. A jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuimo ŋa wa ɩɛ bʋŋ aŋ pʋrɩ sɩɩmɩhɩ puo Catholic paalʋŋ nɩ aŋ ba maŋ ɔɔra nɛnɩ beri mine nɩ. Newfounland da ba tarɩ uonii wo ba na baŋ maalɩ stockfish(jɩmbilii) bɩɩ yaarʋŋ jamaa aŋ na tʋɔŋ maalɩ Portuguese deme jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo nɩ taa. Ajuŋ ba da bɔɛ sɔɛ ata laŋ taa a maŋ maalɩ ba jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo aŋ ba tarɩ farɩ yaarʋŋ yaga. Norway puo ba da bʋɔnaaŋ "terranova fisk" (Newfoundland fish) kyɛ ka rocky coast bʋɔnaa klippfisk(ba naŋ maanaaŋ). Britain deme mɩŋ wa maanɛɛ bʋŋ kaŋa aŋ maŋ sʋŋ ka a jɩma ko a yi Grand banks of Newfoundland sɩʋŋ wagrɩ baŋ bʋɔna ka "habaedine" bɩɩ "Poor John".<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=JE-UOOe1WnQC</ref> == Enfuomo == [[https://dga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duoro_kɔre:Cod_preparation.jpg|left|thumb]] [[https://dga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duoro_kɔre:Saltfiskur.jpg|center|thumb]] [[https://dga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duoro_kɔre:Tirade_BacalaoSecoSalado-Ruso-P1060560.JPG|left|thumb]] [[https://dga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duoro_kɔre:Morue_for_sale_Nice.jpg|center|thumb]] [[https://dga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duoro_kɔre:Bacalao_valencia.jpg|center|thumb]] == A Yoe == == A Maalɩbʋ Sɔɛ == Zoma ama maŋ ɩ la bomma banaŋ maŋ ŋma a juri a bare, a nyɔge a wɛre a iri a poʋɔ boma jaa bare chɛ de a lɛ a eŋ a gbori poʋɔ a yi nɩ a koɔ poʋɔ a wane a koŋkuoŋaa ju, a ŋaa poʋɔ fo maŋ aŋ nyɛ la lɛ a zommaaha aŋ waa. A wagere ŋa poʋɔ a ba maŋ taa kaaŋ a poɔŋ, a ŋaa puohiŋ la ka ba paaŋ maŋ de a nyɛnnoo a sɔsɔ chɛ de te deɛhe ka ana ko. A saaŋkonnoŋ poʋɔ, joma ama daa maŋ deɛle la ŋmenaa poɔ, piiri zu, bee daare ba naŋ maale biŋe zu, kyɛ pampana nansaala bommaala wa la ka a deɛloo ba beri yeŋ poʋɔ chɛ ka a maŋ wuli ka a na deɛhe dieŋ chɛ naŋ ko lɛ banaŋ boɔha, a yi a fentedigile ŋa a aŋ saala aŋ maahe ka ʋ maŋ terɛ toloŋ wagehe zaa. ba maŋ koɔre la ʋ jaa gbuli ka ba ba iri kɔɔhe yeni jaa bare ʋ poʋɔ. [[https://dga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duoro_kɔre:PortugalOktober2019Peniche017_(49036656513).jpg|thumb]] === Zoma Parɛɛ === Wagere kaŋa da wa ta la a Grand Banks paahʋŋ poʋɔ anɩ jiihi mine ka joma ba la chebe a yi banaŋ nyɔge a joma jaa baahe a koɔ poʋɔ, bɩɩ a manne poʋɔ bɩɩ a bare jaa poore, ajuiŋ cod joma jaa da zo la yi a Atlantiɔ cod poʋɔ. A paaŋ yi a wagehe na a waana ka nyɛnnoo zonne jaa wa kɔɔhe a yi ŋa zompeɛhaa, aseŋ pollock, haddock, blue whiting, ling ane tusk. A south Ameriɔa poɔ, zoma anaŋ ba naŋ boɔlɔ pɛpɛɛre aŋ ɩ a Pseudoplatystoma lamboriŋ na poʋɔ, ana la ka ba maŋ de maahe a nyɛnnoo zonkuohi ama, a maŋ de yɔ koɔha viihi ne. == Jɩŋ Bʋʋra == == Jɩŋ Sʋʋhɩ == * List of dried foods * Salted fish * Fish processing * Bacalhau – * Stockfish – * Ackee and saltfish Jamaica paaloŋ bondirii * Collapse of the Atlantic northwest cod fishery == Tarɩjiihi == gw60kid1zx4ezvhdtmile4kvcu5v296 7255730 7255729 2026-07-19T15:39:52Z Anthony Dery 2587057 /* A Yoe */ 7255730 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dried and salted cod''', saŋa kaŋa baŋ maŋ bʋɔna ka salt cod (jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo) bɩɩ saltfish bɩɩ salt dolly ɩɛ jɩɩhʋʋ ŋa baŋ maŋ dɩ yaarʋŋ a farɩ kyɛ dɩ dɩɛlɩ ʋŋ ko. Jɩma nɩ baŋ maŋ dɩɛlɩ ka ba ba faraa yaarʋŋ nɩ baŋ bʋɔna stockfish. Salt cod ŋa ɩɛ saŋa jaa bʋŋkʋɔhɩɩ aŋ yi North Atlantic rɩjɩn. Ana jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo ŋa wa ɩɛ sɩɩmaa bʋʋhʋ ŋa kaŋa a bi jiihi aŋ ŋmaa gili Atlantic nɩŋ Mediterranean. Newfounland, Iceland anɩŋ Faroe Islands la maŋ maana ana jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo ŋa yuoŋ kɔɔhaanu aŋ parɩ. Ba maŋ la maanɛɛ mine Norway baŋ bʋɔnaa Klippfisk. Lesiri lomboriŋ ba maŋ dɩɛlaaŋ yeŋe piihi ju ka sɛsɛʋ nɩŋ ŋmenaa a tɔa. Jine ba maŋ dɩɛlaaŋ deʋ puo a dɩ fɩntɩndigli sʋŋ aŋ ko. Kyɛ Western nɩŋ Northern Norway jɩma naŋ maŋ dɩɛlɛɛ yeŋe. Ba maŋ kʋɔhɛɛ ana jima ŋa a ku Southern Europe dadiribo. == Yɛlɩkori == Jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo ɩɛ bʋŋ nimijɩɛ aŋ nyɔgɩ dʋn paalaa ŋa nɩŋ dʋn koree nɩ a laŋ taa daadiibu lomboriŋ. Ʋ la ɩɛ a triangular trade gbɛɛ ata nɩ kaŋa. Aŋ wuli ka ʋ ŋmaa gilee Atlantic a lɛʋ ɩ sɩmmaalɩ bʋŋ kaŋa aŋ bi Northern Europe, Mediterranean, West Africa, Caribbean anɩŋ Brazilian sɩɩmɩhɩ puo. Sɩɩmaa dɩɛlɩbʋ ɩɛ sɔɛ ŋa kaŋa tɩŋ maŋ biŋ sɩɩmaa aŋ ba saana. Jɩŋ kuomo na baŋ bimee yuoŋ jamaa. Lesiri puo Jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo da maŋ yaglɛɛ da pɛntɛ bɩɩ kubo bɩɩ piihi ju yeŋeŋ ka ŋmɩnaa nɩŋ sɛsɛʋ ŋmɩa manɩ nʋɔrɩŋ. Dɩɛlɩbʋ maŋ gue jɩma tɔna ka a yaarʋŋ farɩbʋ mɩŋ maŋ vɛŋ aŋ nʋma yaga.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Ruhlman</ref> Jɩŋ yaarʋŋ farɩbʋ wa lɛbɛɛ libibɔ sɛnkyɩrɩ pie nɩŋ ayɔpoi puo saŋa nɩ yaarʋŋ arɩha aŋ yi Southern Europe a da maŋ wa Northern Europe. Ana sɔrɩ ŋa da ɩɛ arɩha ka a jɩŋ nyɔgrɩba bɩɩ ba dɔgrɩba da na baŋ maanaa. Bʋŋ jaa baŋ da maalɩ da maŋ gaaɛ daa. A jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuimo ŋa wa ɩɛ bʋŋ aŋ pʋrɩ sɩɩmɩhɩ puo Catholic paalʋŋ nɩ aŋ ba maŋ ɔɔra nɛnɩ beri mine nɩ. Newfounland da ba tarɩ uonii wo ba na baŋ maalɩ stockfish(jɩmbilii) bɩɩ yaarʋŋ jamaa aŋ na tʋɔŋ maalɩ Portuguese deme jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo nɩ taa. Ajuŋ ba da bɔɛ sɔɛ ata laŋ taa a maŋ maalɩ ba jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo aŋ ba tarɩ farɩ yaarʋŋ yaga. Norway puo ba da bʋɔnaaŋ "terranova fisk" (Newfoundland fish) kyɛ ka rocky coast bʋɔnaa klippfisk(ba naŋ maanaaŋ). Britain deme mɩŋ wa maanɛɛ bʋŋ kaŋa aŋ maŋ sʋŋ ka a jɩma ko a yi Grand banks of Newfoundland sɩʋŋ wagrɩ baŋ bʋɔna ka "habaedine" bɩɩ "Poor John".<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=JE-UOOe1WnQC</ref> == Enfuomo == [[https://dga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duoro_kɔre:Cod_preparation.jpg|left|thumb]] [[https://dga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duoro_kɔre:Saltfiskur.jpg|center|thumb]] [[https://dga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duoro_kɔre:Tirade_BacalaoSecoSalado-Ruso-P1060560.JPG|left|thumb]] [[https://dga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duoro_kɔre:Morue_for_sale_Nice.jpg|center|thumb]] [[https://dga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duoro_kɔre:Bacalao_valencia.jpg|center|thumb]] == A Yoe == A Middle English paahʋŋ poʋɔ, bone koohi anɩ zonnyɛnnoo la ka ba da boɔlɔ  ''haberdine.'' Cod kuoni, anɩ a bondihii maŋ maahe la yi boma mine yaga poɔ ka a yoe aŋ be a tendaajaa poɔ, a yoe ama jaa yi la a nyege meŋa poore.  John Cabot ŋmɛ la daworo ka a yoe ama maŋ yi la lɛ anaŋ waa bee a waahʋŋ aŋ waa a Newfoundland paahʋŋ poʋɔ aseŋ,  ''bacalhau (salgado)'' (Portuguese), ''bacalao salado'' (Spanish), ''bacallau salgado'' (Galician), ''bakailao'' (Basque), ''bacallà salat i assecat'' bɩɩ ''bacallà salat'' (Catalan), μπακαλιάρος, ''bakaliáros'' (Greek), ''Klippfisch'' (German), ''morue salée'' (French), ''baccalà'' (Italian), ''bacałà'' (Venetian), ''bakalar'' (Croatian), ''bakkeljauw'' (Surinamese Dutch), ''bakaljaw'' (Maltese), ''makayabu'' (Central and East Africa), ''Okporoko'' (Igbo-Nigeria) anɩ ''kapakala'' (Finnish). A yoe miihi la ''ráktoguolli/goikeguolli'' (Sami), ''klipfisk'' (Danish) klippfisk/kabeljo (Swedish), ''stokvis/klipvis'' (Netherlandish Dutch), ''saltfiskur'' (Icelandic), ''morue'' (French), ''bartolitius'' (Canadian), anɩ ''saltfish'' (Anglophone I Caribbean). == A Maalɩbʋ Sɔɛ == Zoma ama maŋ ɩ la bomma banaŋ maŋ ŋma a juri a bare, a nyɔge a wɛre a iri a poʋɔ boma jaa bare chɛ de a lɛ a eŋ a gbori poʋɔ a yi nɩ a koɔ poʋɔ a wane a koŋkuoŋaa ju, a ŋaa poʋɔ fo maŋ aŋ nyɛ la lɛ a zommaaha aŋ waa. A wagere ŋa poʋɔ a ba maŋ taa kaaŋ a poɔŋ, a ŋaa puohiŋ la ka ba paaŋ maŋ de a nyɛnnoo a sɔsɔ chɛ de te deɛhe ka ana ko. A saaŋkonnoŋ poʋɔ, joma ama daa maŋ deɛle la ŋmenaa poɔ, piiri zu, bee daare ba naŋ maale biŋe zu, kyɛ pampana nansaala bommaala wa la ka a deɛloo ba beri yeŋ poʋɔ chɛ ka a maŋ wuli ka a na deɛhe dieŋ chɛ naŋ ko lɛ banaŋ boɔha, a yi a fentedigile ŋa a aŋ saala aŋ maahe ka ʋ maŋ terɛ toloŋ wagehe zaa. ba maŋ koɔre la ʋ jaa gbuli ka ba ba iri kɔɔhe yeni jaa bare ʋ poʋɔ. [[https://dga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duoro_kɔre:PortugalOktober2019Peniche017_(49036656513).jpg|thumb]] === Zoma Parɛɛ === Wagere kaŋa da wa ta la a Grand Banks paahʋŋ poʋɔ anɩ jiihi mine ka joma ba la chebe a yi banaŋ nyɔge a joma jaa baahe a koɔ poʋɔ, bɩɩ a manne poʋɔ bɩɩ a bare jaa poore, ajuiŋ cod joma jaa da zo la yi a Atlantiɔ cod poʋɔ. A paaŋ yi a wagehe na a waana ka nyɛnnoo zonne jaa wa kɔɔhe a yi ŋa zompeɛhaa, aseŋ pollock, haddock, blue whiting, ling ane tusk. A south Ameriɔa poɔ, zoma anaŋ ba naŋ boɔlɔ pɛpɛɛre aŋ ɩ a Pseudoplatystoma lamboriŋ na poʋɔ, ana la ka ba maŋ de maahe a nyɛnnoo zonkuohi ama, a maŋ de yɔ koɔha viihi ne. == Jɩŋ Bʋʋra == == Jɩŋ Sʋʋhɩ == * List of dried foods * Salted fish * Fish processing * Bacalhau – * Stockfish – * Ackee and saltfish Jamaica paaloŋ bondirii * Collapse of the Atlantic northwest cod fishery == Tarɩjiihi == jw1lizna0wzuf2g3czm96q3696694k1 7255731 7255730 2026-07-19T15:40:35Z Anthony Dery 2587057 /* Enfuomo */ 7255731 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dried and salted cod''', saŋa kaŋa baŋ maŋ bʋɔna ka salt cod (jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo) bɩɩ saltfish bɩɩ salt dolly ɩɛ jɩɩhʋʋ ŋa baŋ maŋ dɩ yaarʋŋ a farɩ kyɛ dɩ dɩɛlɩ ʋŋ ko. Jɩma nɩ baŋ maŋ dɩɛlɩ ka ba ba faraa yaarʋŋ nɩ baŋ bʋɔna stockfish. Salt cod ŋa ɩɛ saŋa jaa bʋŋkʋɔhɩɩ aŋ yi North Atlantic rɩjɩn. Ana jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo ŋa wa ɩɛ sɩɩmaa bʋʋhʋ ŋa kaŋa a bi jiihi aŋ ŋmaa gili Atlantic nɩŋ Mediterranean. Newfounland, Iceland anɩŋ Faroe Islands la maŋ maana ana jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo ŋa yuoŋ kɔɔhaanu aŋ parɩ. Ba maŋ la maanɛɛ mine Norway baŋ bʋɔnaa Klippfisk. Lesiri lomboriŋ ba maŋ dɩɛlaaŋ yeŋe piihi ju ka sɛsɛʋ nɩŋ ŋmenaa a tɔa. Jine ba maŋ dɩɛlaaŋ deʋ puo a dɩ fɩntɩndigli sʋŋ aŋ ko. Kyɛ Western nɩŋ Northern Norway jɩma naŋ maŋ dɩɛlɛɛ yeŋe. Ba maŋ kʋɔhɛɛ ana jima ŋa a ku Southern Europe dadiribo. == Yɛlɩkori == Jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo ɩɛ bʋŋ nimijɩɛ aŋ nyɔgɩ dʋn paalaa ŋa nɩŋ dʋn koree nɩ a laŋ taa daadiibu lomboriŋ. Ʋ la ɩɛ a triangular trade gbɛɛ ata nɩ kaŋa. Aŋ wuli ka ʋ ŋmaa gilee Atlantic a lɛʋ ɩ sɩmmaalɩ bʋŋ kaŋa aŋ bi Northern Europe, Mediterranean, West Africa, Caribbean anɩŋ Brazilian sɩɩmɩhɩ puo. Sɩɩmaa dɩɛlɩbʋ ɩɛ sɔɛ ŋa kaŋa tɩŋ maŋ biŋ sɩɩmaa aŋ ba saana. Jɩŋ kuomo na baŋ bimee yuoŋ jamaa. Lesiri puo Jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo da maŋ yaglɛɛ da pɛntɛ bɩɩ kubo bɩɩ piihi ju yeŋeŋ ka ŋmɩnaa nɩŋ sɛsɛʋ ŋmɩa manɩ nʋɔrɩŋ. Dɩɛlɩbʋ maŋ gue jɩma tɔna ka a yaarʋŋ farɩbʋ mɩŋ maŋ vɛŋ aŋ nʋma yaga.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Ruhlman</ref> Jɩŋ yaarʋŋ farɩbʋ wa lɛbɛɛ libibɔ sɛnkyɩrɩ pie nɩŋ ayɔpoi puo saŋa nɩ yaarʋŋ arɩha aŋ yi Southern Europe a da maŋ wa Northern Europe. Ana sɔrɩ ŋa da ɩɛ arɩha ka a jɩŋ nyɔgrɩba bɩɩ ba dɔgrɩba da na baŋ maanaa. Bʋŋ jaa baŋ da maalɩ da maŋ gaaɛ daa. A jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuimo ŋa wa ɩɛ bʋŋ aŋ pʋrɩ sɩɩmɩhɩ puo Catholic paalʋŋ nɩ aŋ ba maŋ ɔɔra nɛnɩ beri mine nɩ. Newfounland da ba tarɩ uonii wo ba na baŋ maalɩ stockfish(jɩmbilii) bɩɩ yaarʋŋ jamaa aŋ na tʋɔŋ maalɩ Portuguese deme jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo nɩ taa. Ajuŋ ba da bɔɛ sɔɛ ata laŋ taa a maŋ maalɩ ba jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo aŋ ba tarɩ farɩ yaarʋŋ yaga. Norway puo ba da bʋɔnaaŋ "terranova fisk" (Newfoundland fish) kyɛ ka rocky coast bʋɔnaa klippfisk(ba naŋ maanaaŋ). Britain deme mɩŋ wa maanɛɛ bʋŋ kaŋa aŋ maŋ sʋŋ ka a jɩma ko a yi Grand banks of Newfoundland sɩʋŋ wagrɩ baŋ bʋɔna ka "habaedine" bɩɩ "Poor John".<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=JE-UOOe1WnQC</ref> == Enfuomo == [[Wp/wlx/Https://dga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duoro_kɔre:Cod_preparation.jpg|left|thumb]] [[Wp/wlx/Https://dga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duoro_kɔre:Saltfiskur.jpg|center|thumb]] [[Wp/wlx/Https://dga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duoro_kɔre:Tirade_BacalaoSecoSalado-Ruso-P1060560.JPG|left|thumb]] [[Wp/wlx/Https://dga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duoro_kɔre:Morue_for_sale_Nice.jpg|center|thumb]] [[Wp/wlx/Https://dga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duoro_kɔre:Bacalao_valencia.jpg|center|thumb]] == A Yoe == A Middle English paahʋŋ poʋɔ, bone koohi anɩ zonnyɛnnoo la ka ba da boɔlɔ  ''haberdine.'' Cod kuoni, anɩ a bondihii maŋ maahe la yi boma mine yaga poɔ ka a yoe aŋ be a tendaajaa poɔ, a yoe ama jaa yi la a nyege meŋa poore.  John Cabot ŋmɛ la daworo ka a yoe ama maŋ yi la lɛ anaŋ waa bee a waahʋŋ aŋ waa a Newfoundland paahʋŋ poʋɔ aseŋ,  ''bacalhau (salgado)'' (Portuguese), ''bacalao salado'' (Spanish), ''bacallau salgado'' (Galician), ''bakailao'' (Basque), ''bacallà salat i assecat'' bɩɩ ''bacallà salat'' (Catalan), μπακαλιάρος, ''bakaliáros'' (Greek), ''Klippfisch'' (German), ''morue salée'' (French), ''baccalà'' (Italian), ''bacałà'' (Venetian), ''bakalar'' (Croatian), ''bakkeljauw'' (Surinamese Dutch), ''bakaljaw'' (Maltese), ''makayabu'' (Central and East Africa), ''Okporoko'' (Igbo-Nigeria) anɩ ''kapakala'' (Finnish). A yoe miihi la ''ráktoguolli/goikeguolli'' (Sami), ''klipfisk'' (Danish) klippfisk/kabeljo (Swedish), ''stokvis/klipvis'' (Netherlandish Dutch), ''saltfiskur'' (Icelandic), ''morue'' (French), ''bartolitius'' (Canadian), anɩ ''saltfish'' (Anglophone I Caribbean). == A Maalɩbʋ Sɔɛ == Zoma ama maŋ ɩ la bomma banaŋ maŋ ŋma a juri a bare, a nyɔge a wɛre a iri a poʋɔ boma jaa bare chɛ de a lɛ a eŋ a gbori poʋɔ a yi nɩ a koɔ poʋɔ a wane a koŋkuoŋaa ju, a ŋaa poʋɔ fo maŋ aŋ nyɛ la lɛ a zommaaha aŋ waa. A wagere ŋa poʋɔ a ba maŋ taa kaaŋ a poɔŋ, a ŋaa puohiŋ la ka ba paaŋ maŋ de a nyɛnnoo a sɔsɔ chɛ de te deɛhe ka ana ko. A saaŋkonnoŋ poʋɔ, joma ama daa maŋ deɛle la ŋmenaa poɔ, piiri zu, bee daare ba naŋ maale biŋe zu, kyɛ pampana nansaala bommaala wa la ka a deɛloo ba beri yeŋ poʋɔ chɛ ka a maŋ wuli ka a na deɛhe dieŋ chɛ naŋ ko lɛ banaŋ boɔha, a yi a fentedigile ŋa a aŋ saala aŋ maahe ka ʋ maŋ terɛ toloŋ wagehe zaa. ba maŋ koɔre la ʋ jaa gbuli ka ba ba iri kɔɔhe yeni jaa bare ʋ poʋɔ. [[https://dga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duoro_kɔre:PortugalOktober2019Peniche017_(49036656513).jpg|thumb]] === Zoma Parɛɛ === Wagere kaŋa da wa ta la a Grand Banks paahʋŋ poʋɔ anɩ jiihi mine ka joma ba la chebe a yi banaŋ nyɔge a joma jaa baahe a koɔ poʋɔ, bɩɩ a manne poʋɔ bɩɩ a bare jaa poore, ajuiŋ cod joma jaa da zo la yi a Atlantiɔ cod poʋɔ. A paaŋ yi a wagehe na a waana ka nyɛnnoo zonne jaa wa kɔɔhe a yi ŋa zompeɛhaa, aseŋ pollock, haddock, blue whiting, ling ane tusk. A south Ameriɔa poɔ, zoma anaŋ ba naŋ boɔlɔ pɛpɛɛre aŋ ɩ a Pseudoplatystoma lamboriŋ na poʋɔ, ana la ka ba maŋ de maahe a nyɛnnoo zonkuohi ama, a maŋ de yɔ koɔha viihi ne. == Jɩŋ Bʋʋra == == Jɩŋ Sʋʋhɩ == * List of dried foods * Salted fish * Fish processing * Bacalhau – * Stockfish – * Ackee and saltfish Jamaica paaloŋ bondirii * Collapse of the Atlantic northwest cod fishery == Tarɩjiihi == fotqdhb8zlaydt94tffbeweb174qc0m 7255732 7255731 2026-07-19T15:43:55Z Anthony Dery 2587057 /* Enfuomo */ 7255732 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dried and salted cod''', saŋa kaŋa baŋ maŋ bʋɔna ka salt cod (jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo) bɩɩ saltfish bɩɩ salt dolly ɩɛ jɩɩhʋʋ ŋa baŋ maŋ dɩ yaarʋŋ a farɩ kyɛ dɩ dɩɛlɩ ʋŋ ko. Jɩma nɩ baŋ maŋ dɩɛlɩ ka ba ba faraa yaarʋŋ nɩ baŋ bʋɔna stockfish. Salt cod ŋa ɩɛ saŋa jaa bʋŋkʋɔhɩɩ aŋ yi North Atlantic rɩjɩn. Ana jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo ŋa wa ɩɛ sɩɩmaa bʋʋhʋ ŋa kaŋa a bi jiihi aŋ ŋmaa gili Atlantic nɩŋ Mediterranean. Newfounland, Iceland anɩŋ Faroe Islands la maŋ maana ana jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo ŋa yuoŋ kɔɔhaanu aŋ parɩ. Ba maŋ la maanɛɛ mine Norway baŋ bʋɔnaa Klippfisk. Lesiri lomboriŋ ba maŋ dɩɛlaaŋ yeŋe piihi ju ka sɛsɛʋ nɩŋ ŋmenaa a tɔa. Jine ba maŋ dɩɛlaaŋ deʋ puo a dɩ fɩntɩndigli sʋŋ aŋ ko. Kyɛ Western nɩŋ Northern Norway jɩma naŋ maŋ dɩɛlɛɛ yeŋe. Ba maŋ kʋɔhɛɛ ana jima ŋa a ku Southern Europe dadiribo. == Yɛlɩkori == Jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo ɩɛ bʋŋ nimijɩɛ aŋ nyɔgɩ dʋn paalaa ŋa nɩŋ dʋn koree nɩ a laŋ taa daadiibu lomboriŋ. Ʋ la ɩɛ a triangular trade gbɛɛ ata nɩ kaŋa. Aŋ wuli ka ʋ ŋmaa gilee Atlantic a lɛʋ ɩ sɩmmaalɩ bʋŋ kaŋa aŋ bi Northern Europe, Mediterranean, West Africa, Caribbean anɩŋ Brazilian sɩɩmɩhɩ puo. Sɩɩmaa dɩɛlɩbʋ ɩɛ sɔɛ ŋa kaŋa tɩŋ maŋ biŋ sɩɩmaa aŋ ba saana. Jɩŋ kuomo na baŋ bimee yuoŋ jamaa. Lesiri puo Jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo da maŋ yaglɛɛ da pɛntɛ bɩɩ kubo bɩɩ piihi ju yeŋeŋ ka ŋmɩnaa nɩŋ sɛsɛʋ ŋmɩa manɩ nʋɔrɩŋ. Dɩɛlɩbʋ maŋ gue jɩma tɔna ka a yaarʋŋ farɩbʋ mɩŋ maŋ vɛŋ aŋ nʋma yaga.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Ruhlman</ref> Jɩŋ yaarʋŋ farɩbʋ wa lɛbɛɛ libibɔ sɛnkyɩrɩ pie nɩŋ ayɔpoi puo saŋa nɩ yaarʋŋ arɩha aŋ yi Southern Europe a da maŋ wa Northern Europe. Ana sɔrɩ ŋa da ɩɛ arɩha ka a jɩŋ nyɔgrɩba bɩɩ ba dɔgrɩba da na baŋ maanaa. Bʋŋ jaa baŋ da maalɩ da maŋ gaaɛ daa. A jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuimo ŋa wa ɩɛ bʋŋ aŋ pʋrɩ sɩɩmɩhɩ puo Catholic paalʋŋ nɩ aŋ ba maŋ ɔɔra nɛnɩ beri mine nɩ. Newfounland da ba tarɩ uonii wo ba na baŋ maalɩ stockfish(jɩmbilii) bɩɩ yaarʋŋ jamaa aŋ na tʋɔŋ maalɩ Portuguese deme jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo nɩ taa. Ajuŋ ba da bɔɛ sɔɛ ata laŋ taa a maŋ maalɩ ba jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo aŋ ba tarɩ farɩ yaarʋŋ yaga. Norway puo ba da bʋɔnaaŋ "terranova fisk" (Newfoundland fish) kyɛ ka rocky coast bʋɔnaa klippfisk(ba naŋ maanaaŋ). Britain deme mɩŋ wa maanɛɛ bʋŋ kaŋa aŋ maŋ sʋŋ ka a jɩma ko a yi Grand banks of Newfoundland sɩʋŋ wagrɩ baŋ bʋɔna ka "habaedine" bɩɩ "Poor John".<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=JE-UOOe1WnQC</ref> == Enfuomo == <gallery mode="packed"> File:Cod preparation.jpg|Cod preparation, French fishing station in Cape Rouge, [[Newfoundland and Labrador|Newfoundland]], {{circa|1857–1859}} File:Saltfiskur.jpg|Drying of salt cod in 19th century Iceland File:Tirade BacalaoSecoSalado-Ruso-P1060560.JPG|Strips of dried and salted Russian cod File:Morue for sale Nice.jpg|''Morue'' for sale at a [[Nice]] market File:Bacalao valencia.jpg|''Bacalao'' for sale at a market in [[Valencia]], Spain </gallery> == A Yoe == A Middle English paahʋŋ poʋɔ, bone koohi anɩ zonnyɛnnoo la ka ba da boɔlɔ  ''haberdine.'' Cod kuoni, anɩ a bondihii maŋ maahe la yi boma mine yaga poɔ ka a yoe aŋ be a tendaajaa poɔ, a yoe ama jaa yi la a nyege meŋa poore.  John Cabot ŋmɛ la daworo ka a yoe ama maŋ yi la lɛ anaŋ waa bee a waahʋŋ aŋ waa a Newfoundland paahʋŋ poʋɔ aseŋ,  ''bacalhau (salgado)'' (Portuguese), ''bacalao salado'' (Spanish), ''bacallau salgado'' (Galician), ''bakailao'' (Basque), ''bacallà salat i assecat'' bɩɩ ''bacallà salat'' (Catalan), μπακαλιάρος, ''bakaliáros'' (Greek), ''Klippfisch'' (German), ''morue salée'' (French), ''baccalà'' (Italian), ''bacałà'' (Venetian), ''bakalar'' (Croatian), ''bakkeljauw'' (Surinamese Dutch), ''bakaljaw'' (Maltese), ''makayabu'' (Central and East Africa), ''Okporoko'' (Igbo-Nigeria) anɩ ''kapakala'' (Finnish). A yoe miihi la ''ráktoguolli/goikeguolli'' (Sami), ''klipfisk'' (Danish) klippfisk/kabeljo (Swedish), ''stokvis/klipvis'' (Netherlandish Dutch), ''saltfiskur'' (Icelandic), ''morue'' (French), ''bartolitius'' (Canadian), anɩ ''saltfish'' (Anglophone I Caribbean). == A Maalɩbʋ Sɔɛ == Zoma ama maŋ ɩ la bomma banaŋ maŋ ŋma a juri a bare, a nyɔge a wɛre a iri a poʋɔ boma jaa bare chɛ de a lɛ a eŋ a gbori poʋɔ a yi nɩ a koɔ poʋɔ a wane a koŋkuoŋaa ju, a ŋaa poʋɔ fo maŋ aŋ nyɛ la lɛ a zommaaha aŋ waa. A wagere ŋa poʋɔ a ba maŋ taa kaaŋ a poɔŋ, a ŋaa puohiŋ la ka ba paaŋ maŋ de a nyɛnnoo a sɔsɔ chɛ de te deɛhe ka ana ko. A saaŋkonnoŋ poʋɔ, joma ama daa maŋ deɛle la ŋmenaa poɔ, piiri zu, bee daare ba naŋ maale biŋe zu, kyɛ pampana nansaala bommaala wa la ka a deɛloo ba beri yeŋ poʋɔ chɛ ka a maŋ wuli ka a na deɛhe dieŋ chɛ naŋ ko lɛ banaŋ boɔha, a yi a fentedigile ŋa a aŋ saala aŋ maahe ka ʋ maŋ terɛ toloŋ wagehe zaa. ba maŋ koɔre la ʋ jaa gbuli ka ba ba iri kɔɔhe yeni jaa bare ʋ poʋɔ. [[https://dga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duoro_kɔre:PortugalOktober2019Peniche017_(49036656513).jpg|thumb]] === Zoma Parɛɛ === Wagere kaŋa da wa ta la a Grand Banks paahʋŋ poʋɔ anɩ jiihi mine ka joma ba la chebe a yi banaŋ nyɔge a joma jaa baahe a koɔ poʋɔ, bɩɩ a manne poʋɔ bɩɩ a bare jaa poore, ajuiŋ cod joma jaa da zo la yi a Atlantiɔ cod poʋɔ. A paaŋ yi a wagehe na a waana ka nyɛnnoo zonne jaa wa kɔɔhe a yi ŋa zompeɛhaa, aseŋ pollock, haddock, blue whiting, ling ane tusk. A south Ameriɔa poɔ, zoma anaŋ ba naŋ boɔlɔ pɛpɛɛre aŋ ɩ a Pseudoplatystoma lamboriŋ na poʋɔ, ana la ka ba maŋ de maahe a nyɛnnoo zonkuohi ama, a maŋ de yɔ koɔha viihi ne. == Jɩŋ Bʋʋra == == Jɩŋ Sʋʋhɩ == * List of dried foods * Salted fish * Fish processing * Bacalhau – * Stockfish – * Ackee and saltfish Jamaica paaloŋ bondirii * Collapse of the Atlantic northwest cod fishery == Tarɩjiihi == p0hboeo0aqz1p01tkqruxzsqhy11w5i 7255733 7255732 2026-07-19T15:44:36Z Anthony Dery 2587057 /* Enfuomo */ 7255733 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dried and salted cod''', saŋa kaŋa baŋ maŋ bʋɔna ka salt cod (jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo) bɩɩ saltfish bɩɩ salt dolly ɩɛ jɩɩhʋʋ ŋa baŋ maŋ dɩ yaarʋŋ a farɩ kyɛ dɩ dɩɛlɩ ʋŋ ko. Jɩma nɩ baŋ maŋ dɩɛlɩ ka ba ba faraa yaarʋŋ nɩ baŋ bʋɔna stockfish. Salt cod ŋa ɩɛ saŋa jaa bʋŋkʋɔhɩɩ aŋ yi North Atlantic rɩjɩn. Ana jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo ŋa wa ɩɛ sɩɩmaa bʋʋhʋ ŋa kaŋa a bi jiihi aŋ ŋmaa gili Atlantic nɩŋ Mediterranean. Newfounland, Iceland anɩŋ Faroe Islands la maŋ maana ana jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo ŋa yuoŋ kɔɔhaanu aŋ parɩ. Ba maŋ la maanɛɛ mine Norway baŋ bʋɔnaa Klippfisk. Lesiri lomboriŋ ba maŋ dɩɛlaaŋ yeŋe piihi ju ka sɛsɛʋ nɩŋ ŋmenaa a tɔa. Jine ba maŋ dɩɛlaaŋ deʋ puo a dɩ fɩntɩndigli sʋŋ aŋ ko. Kyɛ Western nɩŋ Northern Norway jɩma naŋ maŋ dɩɛlɛɛ yeŋe. Ba maŋ kʋɔhɛɛ ana jima ŋa a ku Southern Europe dadiribo. == Yɛlɩkori == Jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo ɩɛ bʋŋ nimijɩɛ aŋ nyɔgɩ dʋn paalaa ŋa nɩŋ dʋn koree nɩ a laŋ taa daadiibu lomboriŋ. Ʋ la ɩɛ a triangular trade gbɛɛ ata nɩ kaŋa. Aŋ wuli ka ʋ ŋmaa gilee Atlantic a lɛʋ ɩ sɩmmaalɩ bʋŋ kaŋa aŋ bi Northern Europe, Mediterranean, West Africa, Caribbean anɩŋ Brazilian sɩɩmɩhɩ puo. Sɩɩmaa dɩɛlɩbʋ ɩɛ sɔɛ ŋa kaŋa tɩŋ maŋ biŋ sɩɩmaa aŋ ba saana. Jɩŋ kuomo na baŋ bimee yuoŋ jamaa. Lesiri puo Jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo da maŋ yaglɛɛ da pɛntɛ bɩɩ kubo bɩɩ piihi ju yeŋeŋ ka ŋmɩnaa nɩŋ sɛsɛʋ ŋmɩa manɩ nʋɔrɩŋ. Dɩɛlɩbʋ maŋ gue jɩma tɔna ka a yaarʋŋ farɩbʋ mɩŋ maŋ vɛŋ aŋ nʋma yaga.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Ruhlman</ref> Jɩŋ yaarʋŋ farɩbʋ wa lɛbɛɛ libibɔ sɛnkyɩrɩ pie nɩŋ ayɔpoi puo saŋa nɩ yaarʋŋ arɩha aŋ yi Southern Europe a da maŋ wa Northern Europe. Ana sɔrɩ ŋa da ɩɛ arɩha ka a jɩŋ nyɔgrɩba bɩɩ ba dɔgrɩba da na baŋ maanaa. Bʋŋ jaa baŋ da maalɩ da maŋ gaaɛ daa. A jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuimo ŋa wa ɩɛ bʋŋ aŋ pʋrɩ sɩɩmɩhɩ puo Catholic paalʋŋ nɩ aŋ ba maŋ ɔɔra nɛnɩ beri mine nɩ. Newfounland da ba tarɩ uonii wo ba na baŋ maalɩ stockfish(jɩmbilii) bɩɩ yaarʋŋ jamaa aŋ na tʋɔŋ maalɩ Portuguese deme jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo nɩ taa. Ajuŋ ba da bɔɛ sɔɛ ata laŋ taa a maŋ maalɩ ba jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo aŋ ba tarɩ farɩ yaarʋŋ yaga. Norway puo ba da bʋɔnaaŋ "terranova fisk" (Newfoundland fish) kyɛ ka rocky coast bʋɔnaa klippfisk(ba naŋ maanaaŋ). Britain deme mɩŋ wa maanɛɛ bʋŋ kaŋa aŋ maŋ sʋŋ ka a jɩma ko a yi Grand banks of Newfoundland sɩʋŋ wagrɩ baŋ bʋɔna ka "habaedine" bɩɩ "Poor John".<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=JE-UOOe1WnQC</ref> == Enfuomo == <gallery mode="packed"> File:Cod preparation.jpg|Cod preparation, French fishing station in Cape Rouge, Newfoundland File:Saltfiskur.jpg|Drying of salt cod in 19th century Iceland File:Tirade BacalaoSecoSalado-Ruso-P1060560.JPG|Strips of dried and salted Russian cod File:Morue for sale Nice.jpg|''Morue'' for sale at a Nice market File:Bacalao valencia.jpg|''Bacalao'' for sale at a market in Valencia, Spain </gallery> == A Yoe == A Middle English paahʋŋ poʋɔ, bone koohi anɩ zonnyɛnnoo la ka ba da boɔlɔ  ''haberdine.'' Cod kuoni, anɩ a bondihii maŋ maahe la yi boma mine yaga poɔ ka a yoe aŋ be a tendaajaa poɔ, a yoe ama jaa yi la a nyege meŋa poore.  John Cabot ŋmɛ la daworo ka a yoe ama maŋ yi la lɛ anaŋ waa bee a waahʋŋ aŋ waa a Newfoundland paahʋŋ poʋɔ aseŋ,  ''bacalhau (salgado)'' (Portuguese), ''bacalao salado'' (Spanish), ''bacallau salgado'' (Galician), ''bakailao'' (Basque), ''bacallà salat i assecat'' bɩɩ ''bacallà salat'' (Catalan), μπακαλιάρος, ''bakaliáros'' (Greek), ''Klippfisch'' (German), ''morue salée'' (French), ''baccalà'' (Italian), ''bacałà'' (Venetian), ''bakalar'' (Croatian), ''bakkeljauw'' (Surinamese Dutch), ''bakaljaw'' (Maltese), ''makayabu'' (Central and East Africa), ''Okporoko'' (Igbo-Nigeria) anɩ ''kapakala'' (Finnish). A yoe miihi la ''ráktoguolli/goikeguolli'' (Sami), ''klipfisk'' (Danish) klippfisk/kabeljo (Swedish), ''stokvis/klipvis'' (Netherlandish Dutch), ''saltfiskur'' (Icelandic), ''morue'' (French), ''bartolitius'' (Canadian), anɩ ''saltfish'' (Anglophone I Caribbean). == A Maalɩbʋ Sɔɛ == Zoma ama maŋ ɩ la bomma banaŋ maŋ ŋma a juri a bare, a nyɔge a wɛre a iri a poʋɔ boma jaa bare chɛ de a lɛ a eŋ a gbori poʋɔ a yi nɩ a koɔ poʋɔ a wane a koŋkuoŋaa ju, a ŋaa poʋɔ fo maŋ aŋ nyɛ la lɛ a zommaaha aŋ waa. A wagere ŋa poʋɔ a ba maŋ taa kaaŋ a poɔŋ, a ŋaa puohiŋ la ka ba paaŋ maŋ de a nyɛnnoo a sɔsɔ chɛ de te deɛhe ka ana ko. A saaŋkonnoŋ poʋɔ, joma ama daa maŋ deɛle la ŋmenaa poɔ, piiri zu, bee daare ba naŋ maale biŋe zu, kyɛ pampana nansaala bommaala wa la ka a deɛloo ba beri yeŋ poʋɔ chɛ ka a maŋ wuli ka a na deɛhe dieŋ chɛ naŋ ko lɛ banaŋ boɔha, a yi a fentedigile ŋa a aŋ saala aŋ maahe ka ʋ maŋ terɛ toloŋ wagehe zaa. ba maŋ koɔre la ʋ jaa gbuli ka ba ba iri kɔɔhe yeni jaa bare ʋ poʋɔ. [[https://dga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duoro_kɔre:PortugalOktober2019Peniche017_(49036656513).jpg|thumb]] === Zoma Parɛɛ === Wagere kaŋa da wa ta la a Grand Banks paahʋŋ poʋɔ anɩ jiihi mine ka joma ba la chebe a yi banaŋ nyɔge a joma jaa baahe a koɔ poʋɔ, bɩɩ a manne poʋɔ bɩɩ a bare jaa poore, ajuiŋ cod joma jaa da zo la yi a Atlantiɔ cod poʋɔ. A paaŋ yi a wagehe na a waana ka nyɛnnoo zonne jaa wa kɔɔhe a yi ŋa zompeɛhaa, aseŋ pollock, haddock, blue whiting, ling ane tusk. A south Ameriɔa poɔ, zoma anaŋ ba naŋ boɔlɔ pɛpɛɛre aŋ ɩ a Pseudoplatystoma lamboriŋ na poʋɔ, ana la ka ba maŋ de maahe a nyɛnnoo zonkuohi ama, a maŋ de yɔ koɔha viihi ne. == Jɩŋ Bʋʋra == == Jɩŋ Sʋʋhɩ == * List of dried foods * Salted fish * Fish processing * Bacalhau – * Stockfish – * Ackee and saltfish Jamaica paaloŋ bondirii * Collapse of the Atlantic northwest cod fishery == Tarɩjiihi == cz0aqnjc53r61nfxbi2893zwnpeaf1z 7255734 7255733 2026-07-19T15:45:33Z Anthony Dery 2587057 7255734 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/wlx/Databox|item=Q2428509}} '''Dried and salted cod''', saŋa kaŋa baŋ maŋ bʋɔna ka salt cod (jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo) bɩɩ saltfish bɩɩ salt dolly ɩɛ jɩɩhʋʋ ŋa baŋ maŋ dɩ yaarʋŋ a farɩ kyɛ dɩ dɩɛlɩ ʋŋ ko. Jɩma nɩ baŋ maŋ dɩɛlɩ ka ba ba faraa yaarʋŋ nɩ baŋ bʋɔna stockfish. Salt cod ŋa ɩɛ saŋa jaa bʋŋkʋɔhɩɩ aŋ yi North Atlantic rɩjɩn. Ana jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo ŋa wa ɩɛ sɩɩmaa bʋʋhʋ ŋa kaŋa a bi jiihi aŋ ŋmaa gili Atlantic nɩŋ Mediterranean. Newfounland, Iceland anɩŋ Faroe Islands la maŋ maana ana jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo ŋa yuoŋ kɔɔhaanu aŋ parɩ. Ba maŋ la maanɛɛ mine Norway baŋ bʋɔnaa Klippfisk. Lesiri lomboriŋ ba maŋ dɩɛlaaŋ yeŋe piihi ju ka sɛsɛʋ nɩŋ ŋmenaa a tɔa. Jine ba maŋ dɩɛlaaŋ deʋ puo a dɩ fɩntɩndigli sʋŋ aŋ ko. Kyɛ Western nɩŋ Northern Norway jɩma naŋ maŋ dɩɛlɛɛ yeŋe. Ba maŋ kʋɔhɛɛ ana jima ŋa a ku Southern Europe dadiribo. == Yɛlɩkori == Jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo ɩɛ bʋŋ nimijɩɛ aŋ nyɔgɩ dʋn paalaa ŋa nɩŋ dʋn koree nɩ a laŋ taa daadiibu lomboriŋ. Ʋ la ɩɛ a triangular trade gbɛɛ ata nɩ kaŋa. Aŋ wuli ka ʋ ŋmaa gilee Atlantic a lɛʋ ɩ sɩmmaalɩ bʋŋ kaŋa aŋ bi Northern Europe, Mediterranean, West Africa, Caribbean anɩŋ Brazilian sɩɩmɩhɩ puo. Sɩɩmaa dɩɛlɩbʋ ɩɛ sɔɛ ŋa kaŋa tɩŋ maŋ biŋ sɩɩmaa aŋ ba saana. Jɩŋ kuomo na baŋ bimee yuoŋ jamaa. Lesiri puo Jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo da maŋ yaglɛɛ da pɛntɛ bɩɩ kubo bɩɩ piihi ju yeŋeŋ ka ŋmɩnaa nɩŋ sɛsɛʋ ŋmɩa manɩ nʋɔrɩŋ. Dɩɛlɩbʋ maŋ gue jɩma tɔna ka a yaarʋŋ farɩbʋ mɩŋ maŋ vɛŋ aŋ nʋma yaga.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Ruhlman</ref> Jɩŋ yaarʋŋ farɩbʋ wa lɛbɛɛ libibɔ sɛnkyɩrɩ pie nɩŋ ayɔpoi puo saŋa nɩ yaarʋŋ arɩha aŋ yi Southern Europe a da maŋ wa Northern Europe. Ana sɔrɩ ŋa da ɩɛ arɩha ka a jɩŋ nyɔgrɩba bɩɩ ba dɔgrɩba da na baŋ maanaa. Bʋŋ jaa baŋ da maalɩ da maŋ gaaɛ daa. A jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuimo ŋa wa ɩɛ bʋŋ aŋ pʋrɩ sɩɩmɩhɩ puo Catholic paalʋŋ nɩ aŋ ba maŋ ɔɔra nɛnɩ beri mine nɩ. Newfounland da ba tarɩ uonii wo ba na baŋ maalɩ stockfish(jɩmbilii) bɩɩ yaarʋŋ jamaa aŋ na tʋɔŋ maalɩ Portuguese deme jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo nɩ taa. Ajuŋ ba da bɔɛ sɔɛ ata laŋ taa a maŋ maalɩ ba jɩŋ yaarʋŋ kuomo aŋ ba tarɩ farɩ yaarʋŋ yaga. Norway puo ba da bʋɔnaaŋ "terranova fisk" (Newfoundland fish) kyɛ ka rocky coast bʋɔnaa klippfisk(ba naŋ maanaaŋ). Britain deme mɩŋ wa maanɛɛ bʋŋ kaŋa aŋ maŋ sʋŋ ka a jɩma ko a yi Grand banks of Newfoundland sɩʋŋ wagrɩ baŋ bʋɔna ka "habaedine" bɩɩ "Poor John".<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=JE-UOOe1WnQC</ref> == Enfuomo == <gallery mode="packed"> File:Cod preparation.jpg|Cod preparation, French fishing station in Cape Rouge, Newfoundland File:Saltfiskur.jpg|Drying of salt cod in 19th century Iceland File:Tirade BacalaoSecoSalado-Ruso-P1060560.JPG|Strips of dried and salted Russian cod File:Morue for sale Nice.jpg|''Morue'' for sale at a Nice market File:Bacalao valencia.jpg|''Bacalao'' for sale at a market in Valencia, Spain </gallery> == A Yoe == A Middle English paahʋŋ poʋɔ, bone koohi anɩ zonnyɛnnoo la ka ba da boɔlɔ  ''haberdine.'' Cod kuoni, anɩ a bondihii maŋ maahe la yi boma mine yaga poɔ ka a yoe aŋ be a tendaajaa poɔ, a yoe ama jaa yi la a nyege meŋa poore.  John Cabot ŋmɛ la daworo ka a yoe ama maŋ yi la lɛ anaŋ waa bee a waahʋŋ aŋ waa a Newfoundland paahʋŋ poʋɔ aseŋ,  ''bacalhau (salgado)'' (Portuguese), ''bacalao salado'' (Spanish), ''bacallau salgado'' (Galician), ''bakailao'' (Basque), ''bacallà salat i assecat'' bɩɩ ''bacallà salat'' (Catalan), μπακαλιάρος, ''bakaliáros'' (Greek), ''Klippfisch'' (German), ''morue salée'' (French), ''baccalà'' (Italian), ''bacałà'' (Venetian), ''bakalar'' (Croatian), ''bakkeljauw'' (Surinamese Dutch), ''bakaljaw'' (Maltese), ''makayabu'' (Central and East Africa), ''Okporoko'' (Igbo-Nigeria) anɩ ''kapakala'' (Finnish). A yoe miihi la ''ráktoguolli/goikeguolli'' (Sami), ''klipfisk'' (Danish) klippfisk/kabeljo (Swedish), ''stokvis/klipvis'' (Netherlandish Dutch), ''saltfiskur'' (Icelandic), ''morue'' (French), ''bartolitius'' (Canadian), anɩ ''saltfish'' (Anglophone I Caribbean). == A Maalɩbʋ Sɔɛ == Zoma ama maŋ ɩ la bomma banaŋ maŋ ŋma a juri a bare, a nyɔge a wɛre a iri a poʋɔ boma jaa bare chɛ de a lɛ a eŋ a gbori poʋɔ a yi nɩ a koɔ poʋɔ a wane a koŋkuoŋaa ju, a ŋaa poʋɔ fo maŋ aŋ nyɛ la lɛ a zommaaha aŋ waa. A wagere ŋa poʋɔ a ba maŋ taa kaaŋ a poɔŋ, a ŋaa puohiŋ la ka ba paaŋ maŋ de a nyɛnnoo a sɔsɔ chɛ de te deɛhe ka ana ko. A saaŋkonnoŋ poʋɔ, joma ama daa maŋ deɛle la ŋmenaa poɔ, piiri zu, bee daare ba naŋ maale biŋe zu, kyɛ pampana nansaala bommaala wa la ka a deɛloo ba beri yeŋ poʋɔ chɛ ka a maŋ wuli ka a na deɛhe dieŋ chɛ naŋ ko lɛ banaŋ boɔha, a yi a fentedigile ŋa a aŋ saala aŋ maahe ka ʋ maŋ terɛ toloŋ wagehe zaa. ba maŋ koɔre la ʋ jaa gbuli ka ba ba iri kɔɔhe yeni jaa bare ʋ poʋɔ. [[Wp/wlx/Https://dga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duoro_kɔre:PortugalOktober2019Peniche017_(49036656513).jpg|thumb]] === Zoma Parɛɛ === Wagere kaŋa da wa ta la a Grand Banks paahʋŋ poʋɔ anɩ jiihi mine ka joma ba la chebe a yi banaŋ nyɔge a joma jaa baahe a koɔ poʋɔ, bɩɩ a manne poʋɔ bɩɩ a bare jaa poore, ajuiŋ cod joma jaa da zo la yi a Atlantiɔ cod poʋɔ. A paaŋ yi a wagehe na a waana ka nyɛnnoo zonne jaa wa kɔɔhe a yi ŋa zompeɛhaa, aseŋ pollock, haddock, blue whiting, ling ane tusk. A south Ameriɔa poɔ, zoma anaŋ ba naŋ boɔlɔ pɛpɛɛre aŋ ɩ a Pseudoplatystoma lamboriŋ na poʋɔ, ana la ka ba maŋ de maahe a nyɛnnoo zonkuohi ama, a maŋ de yɔ koɔha viihi ne. == Jɩŋ Bʋʋra == == Jɩŋ Sʋʋhɩ == * List of dried foods * Salted fish * Fish processing * Bacalhau – * Stockfish – * Ackee and saltfish Jamaica paaloŋ bondirii * Collapse of the Atlantic northwest cod fishery == Tarɩjiihi == [[Category:Wp/wlx]] 92frhwr47ebx2brffpr8o0vht8k9wyg 2 3790090 7255753 7255075 2026-07-19T16:55:27Z Tolyatti 2693860 7255753 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Wp/su]] k9fm5teq4ii49j02a2jec92s9iz9jc1 7255754 7255753 2026-07-19T16:56:46Z Tolyatti 2693860 7255754 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Wb/su]] 1m2a6mxc1suzyl18tyhy4m9dryix8pa 7255759 7255754 2026-07-19T17:03:47Z Tolyatti 2693860 7255759 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Wt/af]] invcurmz8hb6pk4o2ob3wmueoi7ata4 7255761 7255759 2026-07-19T17:06:07Z Tolyatti 2693860 7255761 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Wt/aa]] 3uiiodg7vkovgmhm3c1b9lthashoaei 7256255 7255761 2026-07-20T08:15:24Z Tolyatti 2693860 7256255 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Wt/isv]] h3obqucb1ykoxzqir7slstcivl8ob8z 0 3790094 7256302 7250654 2026-07-20T09:05:51Z NATURINDA FORTUNATE 2623054 Grammatical corrections 7256302 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q16186459}} '''Bright Kanyontore Rwamirama''' (akazaarwa ebiro 16 Desemba 1954) n'omunyabyabutegyeki omu [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]], memba omu ishengyero kandi ofiisa w'amahe owahuumwire. Niwe minisita w'eihanga ow'eby'obuhingi n'oburiisa omu kabineti ya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]].<ref>"[https://statehouse.go.ug/the-cabinet/ The Cabinet - State House Uganda"]. 2 August 2023. Retrieved 1 June 2026.</ref> Akatooranwa aha ntebe egyo ebiro 1 Okwamukaaga 2006.<ref name=":1">Mukasa, Henry (2 June 2006). [https://web.archive.org/web/20141211112501/http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/12/501695 "Cabinet Ministries Allocated".] ''New Vision (Kampala)''. Archived from the original on 11 December 2014. Retrieved 3 March 2015. </ref> Omu kuhindura ba minisita okwa 16 Okwakabiri 2009<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150213214754/http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/12/671730 "Full Cabinet List As At 18 February 2009"]. ''New Vision (Kampala)''. 2 June 2006. Archived from the original on 13 February 2015. Retrieved 3 March 2015.</ref>, 27 Okwakataano 2011,<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/note.php?note_id=10150208384704078&comments "Comprehensive List of New Cabinet Appointments & Dropped Ministers]". 27 May 2011. Retrieved 3 March 2015 &#x2013; via Facebook.</ref> na 1 Okwaakashatu 2015, <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170709092825/http://www.monitor.co.ug/blob/view/-/2639388/data/956667/-/oq6gpdz/-/cabinet.pdf "Full Cabinet List As At 1 March 2015"] (PDF). ''Daily Monitor (Kampala)''. 1 March 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 July 2017. Retrieved 3 March 2015.</ref>akaguma ari minisita. Kandi naaheereza nk'omukiiki omwishengyero orikujwekyera Isingiro County North, omu [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Isingiro|Disiturikiti ya Isingiro]]. Atwire naaheereza omu ntebe egyo kuruga 2001. Akasingura Posiono Mugyenyi omu karuuru ka boona aka 2021.<ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20150402125532/http://www.parliament.go.ug/mpdata/mps.hei?p=f&n=t&details=t&j=247&const=Isingiro+County+North&dist_id=68&distname=Isingiro "Profile of Rwamirama Bright Kanyontore, Member of Parliament for Isingiro County North, Isingiro District"]. Parliament of Uganda (POU). Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 4 March 2015.</ref> Omu karuuru ka boona aka 2026, <ref>[https://visiblepolls.org/ug/2021-general-election/candidates/rwamirama-bright-kanyontore-7292/ "Rwamirama Bright Kanyontore – 2021 General Election – Visible Polls".] ''visiblepolls.org''. Retrieved 12 February 2022.</ref>akarangirirwa nk'otarikuhakanisibwa kuguma omu ntebe ye ahabwa Isingiro County North.<ref>[https://thetorchuganda.com/2026/01/11/minister-rwamirama-declared-unopposed-in-isingiro/ "Minister Rwamirama Declared Unopposed in Isingiro"]. ''The Torch Uganda – Independent News, Stories &#x26; Perspectives''. 11 January 2026. Retrieved 1 June 2026.</ref> == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese bwe. == Rwamirama akazaarwa ebiro 16 Okwaikumi na ibiri 1954 omu [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Isingiro|Disiturikiti ya Isingiro]]. Akashoma omu ishomero rya Omungyenyi Primary School ahabw'obwegyese bwe obwa purayimare, Mbarara High School ahabw'obwegyese bwe obwa O-Level kandi Kololo High School ahabw'obwegyese bwe obwa A-Level. Aine diguri za Bachelor of Business Administration (1996) na Master of Business Administration (2004),aruga [[Wp/nyn/Makerere University|Makerere University]]. Satifikeeti ye omu by'obwebembezi ekaba eri ey'omwaka 1993, nawe yaagiheebwa Makerere. Akaba ari omwe aha baabaire bari omu British Junior Staff College, arikushoma omushomo gwa Junior Command and Staff Course hamwe na Naval Postgraduate School, okushoma omushomo gw'okureeberera eby'obugaiga. Akatunga satifikeeti kuruga omu mishomo yoona.<ref name=":0" /> Ari memba w'ekanisa y'abakurisitaayo eya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. == Omurimo gw'okukora. == Kuruga 1978 kuhisya 1983, Rwamirama akakora nk'omukozi omu by'empiiha omu Uganda Commercial Bank, ekitongore ekyahindukire Stanbic Bank Uganda. Omuri 1983, akeegaita aha National Resistance Army (NRA), omu [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] Bush War kubinga [[Wp/nyn/Milton Obote|Milton Obote]] omu bwebembezi. Akatooranwa nk'omukuru orikujunanizibwa ahaby'empiiha omu NRA omuri 1986, yaheereza omu ntebe egyo kuhisya 1989Omuri 1989, akuzibwa yaaba Dayirekita w'eby'esente, omu NRA, eyahindurwa eiziina yaaba [[Wp/nyn/Uganda People's Defence Force|Uganda People's Defence Force (]]UPDF), omuri 1995. Akakora omu ntebe egyo aha kitebe kikuru ekya UPDF, kuhisya 1997. Akagumizamu kuheereza nk'omwe aha bakuru omu ofiisi enkuru eya UPDF, kuhisya 2001.Omu 2001, akahuumura kuruga omu mahe aha rurengo rwa lieutenant colonel. Akaza omu by'obutegyeki, ayesimbaho aha ntebe y'omujwekyerwa omu ishengyero omuri "Isingiro County North", omu [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Isingiro|Disiturikiti ya Isingiro]]. Akasingura entebe egyo kandi yaagaruka yaatooranwa aha ntebe niyo emwe omuri 2006 na 2011.<ref name=":0" /> Akatooranwa kuba minisita w'eihanga ow'eby'amatungo omu Kwamukaaga 2006, omwanya ogu arikukoreramu nk'oku kyabaire kiri omu Kwakashatu 2015.<ref name=":1" /> == Ebindi ebirikuteekateekwaho. == Bright Rwamirama ashweirwe. Naakomooka omu kibiina ky'eby'obutegyeki ekya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movement.]] Ebi arikukunda harimu okumaraho entaro, okutunguura ebyanga hamwe n'okureeba emizaano. == Reeba n'ebindi. == * [[Wp/nyn/Eishengyero rya Uganda|Eishengyero rya Uganda.]] * Kabineti ya Uganda. * [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Isingiro|Disiturikiti ya Isingiro.]] == Eby'okureeberaho. == <references responsive="1"></references> [[Category:Wp/nyn]] 7712wsfjbxuv95y1qzdccj2fka17m6u 7256304 7256302 2026-07-20T09:07:01Z NATURINDA FORTUNATE 2623054 Grammatical corrections 7256304 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q16186459}} '''Bright Kanyontore Rwamirama''' (akazaarwa ebiro 16 Desemba 1954) n'omunyabyabutegyeki omuri [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]], memba omu ishengyero kandi ofiisa w'amahe owahuumwire. Niwe minisita w'eihanga ow'eby'obuhingi n'oburiisa omu kabineti ya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]].<ref>"[https://statehouse.go.ug/the-cabinet/ The Cabinet - State House Uganda"]. 2 August 2023. Retrieved 1 June 2026.</ref> Akatooranwa aha ntebe egyo ekiro 1 Okwa mukaaga omuri 2006.<ref name=":1">Mukasa, Henry (2 June 2006). [https://web.archive.org/web/20141211112501/http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/12/501695 "Cabinet Ministries Allocated".] ''New Vision (Kampala)''. Archived from the original on 11 December 2014. Retrieved 3 March 2015. </ref> Omu kuhindura ba minisita okwa 16 Okwakabiri 2009<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150213214754/http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/12/671730 "Full Cabinet List As At 18 February 2009"]. ''New Vision (Kampala)''. 2 June 2006. Archived from the original on 13 February 2015. Retrieved 3 March 2015.</ref>, 27 Okwakataano 2011,<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/note.php?note_id=10150208384704078&comments "Comprehensive List of New Cabinet Appointments & Dropped Ministers]". 27 May 2011. Retrieved 3 March 2015 &#x2013; via Facebook.</ref> na 1 Okwaakashatu 2015, <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170709092825/http://www.monitor.co.ug/blob/view/-/2639388/data/956667/-/oq6gpdz/-/cabinet.pdf "Full Cabinet List As At 1 March 2015"] (PDF). ''Daily Monitor (Kampala)''. 1 March 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 July 2017. Retrieved 3 March 2015.</ref>akaguma ari minisita. Kandi naaheereza nk'omukiiki omwishengyero orikujwekyera Isingiro County North, omu [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Isingiro|Disiturikiti ya Isingiro]]. Atwire naaheereza omu ntebe egyo kuruga 2001. Akasingura Posiono Mugyenyi omu karuuru ka boona aka 2021.<ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20150402125532/http://www.parliament.go.ug/mpdata/mps.hei?p=f&n=t&details=t&j=247&const=Isingiro+County+North&dist_id=68&distname=Isingiro "Profile of Rwamirama Bright Kanyontore, Member of Parliament for Isingiro County North, Isingiro District"]. Parliament of Uganda (POU). Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 4 March 2015.</ref> Omu karuuru ka boona aka 2026, <ref>[https://visiblepolls.org/ug/2021-general-election/candidates/rwamirama-bright-kanyontore-7292/ "Rwamirama Bright Kanyontore – 2021 General Election – Visible Polls".] ''visiblepolls.org''. Retrieved 12 February 2022.</ref>akarangirirwa nk'otarikuhakanisibwa kuguma omu ntebe ye ahabwa Isingiro County North.<ref>[https://thetorchuganda.com/2026/01/11/minister-rwamirama-declared-unopposed-in-isingiro/ "Minister Rwamirama Declared Unopposed in Isingiro"]. ''The Torch Uganda – Independent News, Stories &#x26; Perspectives''. 11 January 2026. Retrieved 1 June 2026.</ref> == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese bwe. == Rwamirama akazaarwa ebiro 16 Okwaikumi na ibiri 1954 omu [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Isingiro|Disiturikiti ya Isingiro]]. Akashoma omu ishomero rya Omungyenyi Primary School ahabw'obwegyese bwe obwa purayimare, Mbarara High School ahabw'obwegyese bwe obwa O-Level kandi Kololo High School ahabw'obwegyese bwe obwa A-Level. Aine diguri za Bachelor of Business Administration (1996) na Master of Business Administration (2004),aruga [[Wp/nyn/Makerere University|Makerere University]]. Satifikeeti ye omu by'obwebembezi ekaba eri ey'omwaka 1993, nawe yaagiheebwa Makerere. Akaba ari omwe aha baabaire bari omu British Junior Staff College, arikushoma omushomo gwa Junior Command and Staff Course hamwe na Naval Postgraduate School, okushoma omushomo gw'okureeberera eby'obugaiga. Akatunga satifikeeti kuruga omu mishomo yoona.<ref name=":0" /> Ari memba w'ekanisa y'abakurisitaayo eya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. == Omurimo gw'okukora. == Kuruga 1978 kuhisya 1983, Rwamirama akakora nk'omukozi omu by'empiiha omu Uganda Commercial Bank, ekitongore ekyahindukire Stanbic Bank Uganda. Omuri 1983, akeegaita aha National Resistance Army (NRA), omu [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] Bush War kubinga [[Wp/nyn/Milton Obote|Milton Obote]] omu bwebembezi. Akatooranwa nk'omukuru orikujunanizibwa ahaby'empiiha omu NRA omuri 1986, yaheereza omu ntebe egyo kuhisya 1989Omuri 1989, akuzibwa yaaba Dayirekita w'eby'esente, omu NRA, eyahindurwa eiziina yaaba [[Wp/nyn/Uganda People's Defence Force|Uganda People's Defence Force (]]UPDF), omuri 1995. Akakora omu ntebe egyo aha kitebe kikuru ekya UPDF, kuhisya 1997. Akagumizamu kuheereza nk'omwe aha bakuru omu ofiisi enkuru eya UPDF, kuhisya 2001.Omu 2001, akahuumura kuruga omu mahe aha rurengo rwa lieutenant colonel. Akaza omu by'obutegyeki, ayesimbaho aha ntebe y'omujwekyerwa omu ishengyero omuri "Isingiro County North", omu [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Isingiro|Disiturikiti ya Isingiro]]. Akasingura entebe egyo kandi yaagaruka yaatooranwa aha ntebe niyo emwe omuri 2006 na 2011.<ref name=":0" /> Akatooranwa kuba minisita w'eihanga ow'eby'amatungo omu Kwamukaaga 2006, omwanya ogu arikukoreramu nk'oku kyabaire kiri omu Kwakashatu 2015.<ref name=":1" /> == Ebindi ebirikuteekateekwaho. == Bright Rwamirama ashweirwe. Naakomooka omu kibiina ky'eby'obutegyeki ekya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movement.]] Ebi arikukunda harimu okumaraho entaro, okutunguura ebyanga hamwe n'okureeba emizaano. == Reeba n'ebindi. == * [[Wp/nyn/Eishengyero rya Uganda|Eishengyero rya Uganda.]] * Kabineti ya Uganda. * [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Isingiro|Disiturikiti ya Isingiro.]] == Eby'okureeberaho. == <references responsive="1"></references> [[Category:Wp/nyn]] 2eglls2kqsa1greaps7z8luq7xgr00l 7256306 7256304 2026-07-20T09:07:45Z NATURINDA FORTUNATE 2623054 Grammatical corrections 7256306 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q16186459}} '''Bright Kanyontore Rwamirama''' (akazaarwa ebiro 16 Desemba 1954) n'omunyabyabutegyeki omuri [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]], memba omu ishengyero kandi ofiisa w'amahe owahuumwire. Niwe minisita w'eihanga ow'eby'obuhingi n'oburiisa omu kabineti ya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]].<ref>"[https://statehouse.go.ug/the-cabinet/ The Cabinet - State House Uganda"]. 2 August 2023. Retrieved 1 June 2026.</ref> Akatooranwa aha ntebe egyo ekiro 1 Okwa mukaaga omuri 2006.<ref name=":1">Mukasa, Henry (2 June 2006). [https://web.archive.org/web/20141211112501/http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/12/501695 "Cabinet Ministries Allocated".] ''New Vision (Kampala)''. Archived from the original on 11 December 2014. Retrieved 3 March 2015. </ref> Omu kuhindura ba minisita okwa Okwa kabiri ebiro omuri 2009<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150213214754/http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/12/671730 "Full Cabinet List As At 18 February 2009"]. ''New Vision (Kampala)''. 2 June 2006. Archived from the original on 13 February 2015. Retrieved 3 March 2015.</ref>, 27 Okwakataano 2011,<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/note.php?note_id=10150208384704078&comments "Comprehensive List of New Cabinet Appointments & Dropped Ministers]". 27 May 2011. Retrieved 3 March 2015 &#x2013; via Facebook.</ref> na 1 Okwaakashatu 2015, <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170709092825/http://www.monitor.co.ug/blob/view/-/2639388/data/956667/-/oq6gpdz/-/cabinet.pdf "Full Cabinet List As At 1 March 2015"] (PDF). ''Daily Monitor (Kampala)''. 1 March 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 July 2017. Retrieved 3 March 2015.</ref>akaguma ari minisita. Kandi naaheereza nk'omukiiki omwishengyero orikujwekyera Isingiro County North, omu [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Isingiro|Disiturikiti ya Isingiro]]. Atwire naaheereza omu ntebe egyo kuruga 2001. Akasingura Posiono Mugyenyi omu karuuru ka boona aka 2021.<ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20150402125532/http://www.parliament.go.ug/mpdata/mps.hei?p=f&n=t&details=t&j=247&const=Isingiro+County+North&dist_id=68&distname=Isingiro "Profile of Rwamirama Bright Kanyontore, Member of Parliament for Isingiro County North, Isingiro District"]. Parliament of Uganda (POU). Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 4 March 2015.</ref> Omu karuuru ka boona aka 2026, <ref>[https://visiblepolls.org/ug/2021-general-election/candidates/rwamirama-bright-kanyontore-7292/ "Rwamirama Bright Kanyontore – 2021 General Election – Visible Polls".] ''visiblepolls.org''. Retrieved 12 February 2022.</ref>akarangirirwa nk'otarikuhakanisibwa kuguma omu ntebe ye ahabwa Isingiro County North.<ref>[https://thetorchuganda.com/2026/01/11/minister-rwamirama-declared-unopposed-in-isingiro/ "Minister Rwamirama Declared Unopposed in Isingiro"]. ''The Torch Uganda – Independent News, Stories &#x26; Perspectives''. 11 January 2026. Retrieved 1 June 2026.</ref> == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese bwe. == Rwamirama akazaarwa ebiro 16 Okwaikumi na ibiri 1954 omu [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Isingiro|Disiturikiti ya Isingiro]]. Akashoma omu ishomero rya Omungyenyi Primary School ahabw'obwegyese bwe obwa purayimare, Mbarara High School ahabw'obwegyese bwe obwa O-Level kandi Kololo High School ahabw'obwegyese bwe obwa A-Level. Aine diguri za Bachelor of Business Administration (1996) na Master of Business Administration (2004),aruga [[Wp/nyn/Makerere University|Makerere University]]. Satifikeeti ye omu by'obwebembezi ekaba eri ey'omwaka 1993, nawe yaagiheebwa Makerere. Akaba ari omwe aha baabaire bari omu British Junior Staff College, arikushoma omushomo gwa Junior Command and Staff Course hamwe na Naval Postgraduate School, okushoma omushomo gw'okureeberera eby'obugaiga. Akatunga satifikeeti kuruga omu mishomo yoona.<ref name=":0" /> Ari memba w'ekanisa y'abakurisitaayo eya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. == Omurimo gw'okukora. == Kuruga 1978 kuhisya 1983, Rwamirama akakora nk'omukozi omu by'empiiha omu Uganda Commercial Bank, ekitongore ekyahindukire Stanbic Bank Uganda. Omuri 1983, akeegaita aha National Resistance Army (NRA), omu [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] Bush War kubinga [[Wp/nyn/Milton Obote|Milton Obote]] omu bwebembezi. Akatooranwa nk'omukuru orikujunanizibwa ahaby'empiiha omu NRA omuri 1986, yaheereza omu ntebe egyo kuhisya 1989Omuri 1989, akuzibwa yaaba Dayirekita w'eby'esente, omu NRA, eyahindurwa eiziina yaaba [[Wp/nyn/Uganda People's Defence Force|Uganda People's Defence Force (]]UPDF), omuri 1995. Akakora omu ntebe egyo aha kitebe kikuru ekya UPDF, kuhisya 1997. Akagumizamu kuheereza nk'omwe aha bakuru omu ofiisi enkuru eya UPDF, kuhisya 2001.Omu 2001, akahuumura kuruga omu mahe aha rurengo rwa lieutenant colonel. Akaza omu by'obutegyeki, ayesimbaho aha ntebe y'omujwekyerwa omu ishengyero omuri "Isingiro County North", omu [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Isingiro|Disiturikiti ya Isingiro]]. Akasingura entebe egyo kandi yaagaruka yaatooranwa aha ntebe niyo emwe omuri 2006 na 2011.<ref name=":0" /> Akatooranwa kuba minisita w'eihanga ow'eby'amatungo omu Kwamukaaga 2006, omwanya ogu arikukoreramu nk'oku kyabaire kiri omu Kwakashatu 2015.<ref name=":1" /> == Ebindi ebirikuteekateekwaho. == Bright Rwamirama ashweirwe. Naakomooka omu kibiina ky'eby'obutegyeki ekya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movement.]] Ebi arikukunda harimu okumaraho entaro, okutunguura ebyanga hamwe n'okureeba emizaano. == Reeba n'ebindi. == * [[Wp/nyn/Eishengyero rya Uganda|Eishengyero rya Uganda.]] * Kabineti ya Uganda. * [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Isingiro|Disiturikiti ya Isingiro.]] == Eby'okureeberaho. == <references responsive="1"></references> [[Category:Wp/nyn]] scphdr990nx26208ylagww0s8cedu7n 7256309 7256306 2026-07-20T09:08:30Z NATURINDA FORTUNATE 2623054 Grammatical corrections 7256309 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q16186459}} '''Bright Kanyontore Rwamirama''' (akazaarwa ebiro 16 Desemba 1954) n'omunyabyabutegyeki omuri [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]], memba omu ishengyero kandi ofiisa w'amahe owahuumwire. Niwe minisita w'eihanga ow'eby'obuhingi n'oburiisa omu kabineti ya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]].<ref>"[https://statehouse.go.ug/the-cabinet/ The Cabinet - State House Uganda"]. 2 August 2023. Retrieved 1 June 2026.</ref> Akatooranwa aha ntebe egyo ekiro 1 Okwa mukaaga omuri 2006.<ref name=":1">Mukasa, Henry (2 June 2006). [https://web.archive.org/web/20141211112501/http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/12/501695 "Cabinet Ministries Allocated".] ''New Vision (Kampala)''. Archived from the original on 11 December 2014. Retrieved 3 March 2015. </ref> Omu kuhindura ba minisita okwa Okwa kabiri ebiro omuri 2009<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150213214754/http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/12/671730 "Full Cabinet List As At 18 February 2009"]. ''New Vision (Kampala)''. 2 June 2006. Archived from the original on 13 February 2015. Retrieved 3 March 2015.</ref>, 27 Okwa kataano omuri 2011,<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/note.php?note_id=10150208384704078&comments "Comprehensive List of New Cabinet Appointments & Dropped Ministers]". 27 May 2011. Retrieved 3 March 2015 &#x2013; via Facebook.</ref> na 1 Okwaakashatu 2015, <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170709092825/http://www.monitor.co.ug/blob/view/-/2639388/data/956667/-/oq6gpdz/-/cabinet.pdf "Full Cabinet List As At 1 March 2015"] (PDF). ''Daily Monitor (Kampala)''. 1 March 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 July 2017. Retrieved 3 March 2015.</ref>akaguma ari minisita. Kandi naaheereza nk'omukiiki omwishengyero orikujwekyera Isingiro County North, omu [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Isingiro|Disiturikiti ya Isingiro]]. Atwire naaheereza omu ntebe egyo kuruga 2001. Akasingura Posiono Mugyenyi omu karuuru ka boona aka 2021.<ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20150402125532/http://www.parliament.go.ug/mpdata/mps.hei?p=f&n=t&details=t&j=247&const=Isingiro+County+North&dist_id=68&distname=Isingiro "Profile of Rwamirama Bright Kanyontore, Member of Parliament for Isingiro County North, Isingiro District"]. Parliament of Uganda (POU). Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 4 March 2015.</ref> Omu karuuru ka boona aka 2026, <ref>[https://visiblepolls.org/ug/2021-general-election/candidates/rwamirama-bright-kanyontore-7292/ "Rwamirama Bright Kanyontore – 2021 General Election – Visible Polls".] ''visiblepolls.org''. Retrieved 12 February 2022.</ref>akarangirirwa nk'otarikuhakanisibwa kuguma omu ntebe ye ahabwa Isingiro County North.<ref>[https://thetorchuganda.com/2026/01/11/minister-rwamirama-declared-unopposed-in-isingiro/ "Minister Rwamirama Declared Unopposed in Isingiro"]. ''The Torch Uganda – Independent News, Stories &#x26; Perspectives''. 11 January 2026. Retrieved 1 June 2026.</ref> == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese bwe. == Rwamirama akazaarwa ebiro 16 Okwaikumi na ibiri 1954 omu [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Isingiro|Disiturikiti ya Isingiro]]. Akashoma omu ishomero rya Omungyenyi Primary School ahabw'obwegyese bwe obwa purayimare, Mbarara High School ahabw'obwegyese bwe obwa O-Level kandi Kololo High School ahabw'obwegyese bwe obwa A-Level. Aine diguri za Bachelor of Business Administration (1996) na Master of Business Administration (2004),aruga [[Wp/nyn/Makerere University|Makerere University]]. Satifikeeti ye omu by'obwebembezi ekaba eri ey'omwaka 1993, nawe yaagiheebwa Makerere. Akaba ari omwe aha baabaire bari omu British Junior Staff College, arikushoma omushomo gwa Junior Command and Staff Course hamwe na Naval Postgraduate School, okushoma omushomo gw'okureeberera eby'obugaiga. Akatunga satifikeeti kuruga omu mishomo yoona.<ref name=":0" /> Ari memba w'ekanisa y'abakurisitaayo eya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. == Omurimo gw'okukora. == Kuruga 1978 kuhisya 1983, Rwamirama akakora nk'omukozi omu by'empiiha omu Uganda Commercial Bank, ekitongore ekyahindukire Stanbic Bank Uganda. Omuri 1983, akeegaita aha National Resistance Army (NRA), omu [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] Bush War kubinga [[Wp/nyn/Milton Obote|Milton Obote]] omu bwebembezi. Akatooranwa nk'omukuru orikujunanizibwa ahaby'empiiha omu NRA omuri 1986, yaheereza omu ntebe egyo kuhisya 1989Omuri 1989, akuzibwa yaaba Dayirekita w'eby'esente, omu NRA, eyahindurwa eiziina yaaba [[Wp/nyn/Uganda People's Defence Force|Uganda People's Defence Force (]]UPDF), omuri 1995. Akakora omu ntebe egyo aha kitebe kikuru ekya UPDF, kuhisya 1997. Akagumizamu kuheereza nk'omwe aha bakuru omu ofiisi enkuru eya UPDF, kuhisya 2001.Omu 2001, akahuumura kuruga omu mahe aha rurengo rwa lieutenant colonel. Akaza omu by'obutegyeki, ayesimbaho aha ntebe y'omujwekyerwa omu ishengyero omuri "Isingiro County North", omu [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Isingiro|Disiturikiti ya Isingiro]]. Akasingura entebe egyo kandi yaagaruka yaatooranwa aha ntebe niyo emwe omuri 2006 na 2011.<ref name=":0" /> Akatooranwa kuba minisita w'eihanga ow'eby'amatungo omu Kwamukaaga 2006, omwanya ogu arikukoreramu nk'oku kyabaire kiri omu Kwakashatu 2015.<ref name=":1" /> == Ebindi ebirikuteekateekwaho. == Bright Rwamirama ashweirwe. Naakomooka omu kibiina ky'eby'obutegyeki ekya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movement.]] Ebi arikukunda harimu okumaraho entaro, okutunguura ebyanga hamwe n'okureeba emizaano. == Reeba n'ebindi. == * [[Wp/nyn/Eishengyero rya Uganda|Eishengyero rya Uganda.]] * Kabineti ya Uganda. * [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Isingiro|Disiturikiti ya Isingiro.]] == Eby'okureeberaho. == <references responsive="1"></references> [[Category:Wp/nyn]] 8s9aygdmxx0spkanvdq2ldipy07bnc3 7256313 7256309 2026-07-20T09:13:07Z NATURINDA FORTUNATE 2623054 Grammatical corrections 7256313 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q16186459}} '''Bright Kanyontore Rwamirama''' (akazaarwa ebiro 16 Desemba 1954) n'omunyabyabutegyeki omuri [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]], memba omu ishengyero kandi ofiisa w'amahe owahuumwire. Niwe minisita w'eihanga ow'eby'obuhingi n'oburiisa omu kabineti ya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]].<ref>"[https://statehouse.go.ug/the-cabinet/ The Cabinet - State House Uganda"]. 2 August 2023. Retrieved 1 June 2026.</ref> Akatooranwa aha ntebe egyo ekiro 1 Okwa mukaaga omuri 2006.<ref name=":1">Mukasa, Henry (2 June 2006). [https://web.archive.org/web/20141211112501/http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/12/501695 "Cabinet Ministries Allocated".] ''New Vision (Kampala)''. Archived from the original on 11 December 2014. Retrieved 3 March 2015. </ref> Omu kuhindura ba minisita okwa Okwa kabiri ebiro omuri 2009<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150213214754/http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/12/671730 "Full Cabinet List As At 18 February 2009"]. ''New Vision (Kampala)''. 2 June 2006. Archived from the original on 13 February 2015. Retrieved 3 March 2015.</ref>, 27 Okwa kataano omuri 2011,<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/note.php?note_id=10150208384704078&comments "Comprehensive List of New Cabinet Appointments & Dropped Ministers]". 27 May 2011. Retrieved 3 March 2015 &#x2013; via Facebook.</ref> na 1 Okwaakashatu 2015, <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170709092825/http://www.monitor.co.ug/blob/view/-/2639388/data/956667/-/oq6gpdz/-/cabinet.pdf "Full Cabinet List As At 1 March 2015"] (PDF). ''Daily Monitor (Kampala)''. 1 March 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 July 2017. Retrieved 3 March 2015.</ref>akaguma ari minisita. Kandi naaheereza nk'omukiiki omwishengyero orikujwekyera Isingiro County North, omu [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Isingiro|Disiturikiti ya Isingiro]]. Atwire naaheereza omu ntebe egyo kuruga omuri 2001. Akasingura Posiono Mugyenyi omu karuuru ka boona aka 2021.<ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20150402125532/http://www.parliament.go.ug/mpdata/mps.hei?p=f&n=t&details=t&j=247&const=Isingiro+County+North&dist_id=68&distname=Isingiro "Profile of Rwamirama Bright Kanyontore, Member of Parliament for Isingiro County North, Isingiro District"]. Parliament of Uganda (POU). Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 4 March 2015.</ref> Omu karuuru ka boona aka 2026, <ref>[https://visiblepolls.org/ug/2021-general-election/candidates/rwamirama-bright-kanyontore-7292/ "Rwamirama Bright Kanyontore – 2021 General Election – Visible Polls".] ''visiblepolls.org''. Retrieved 12 February 2022.</ref>akarangirirwa nk'otarikuhakanisibwa kuguma omu ntebe ye ahabwa Isingiro County North.<ref>[https://thetorchuganda.com/2026/01/11/minister-rwamirama-declared-unopposed-in-isingiro/ "Minister Rwamirama Declared Unopposed in Isingiro"]. ''The Torch Uganda – Independent News, Stories &#x26; Perspectives''. 11 January 2026. Retrieved 1 June 2026.</ref> == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese bwe. == Rwamirama akazaarwa ebiro 16 Okwaikumi na ibiri 1954 omu [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Isingiro|Disiturikiti ya Isingiro]]. Akashoma omu ishomero rya Omungyenyi Primary School ahabw'obwegyese bwe obwa purayimare, Mbarara High School ahabw'obwegyese bwe obwa O-Level kandi Kololo High School ahabw'obwegyese bwe obwa A-Level. Aine diguri za Bachelor of Business Administration (1996) na Master of Business Administration (2004),aruga [[Wp/nyn/Makerere University|Makerere University]]. Satifikeeti ye omu by'obwebembezi ekaba eri ey'omwaka 1993, nawe yaagiheebwa Makerere. Akaba ari omwe aha baabaire bari omu British Junior Staff College, arikushoma omushomo gwa Junior Command and Staff Course hamwe na Naval Postgraduate School, okushoma omushomo gw'okureeberera eby'obugaiga. Akatunga satifikeeti kuruga omu mishomo yoona.<ref name=":0" /> Ari memba w'ekanisa y'abakurisitaayo eya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. == Omurimo gw'okukora. == Kuruga 1978 kuhisya 1983, Rwamirama akakora nk'omukozi omu by'empiiha omu Uganda Commercial Bank, ekitongore ekyahindukire Stanbic Bank Uganda. Omuri 1983, akeegaita aha National Resistance Army (NRA), omu [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] Bush War kubinga [[Wp/nyn/Milton Obote|Milton Obote]] omu bwebembezi. Akatooranwa nk'omukuru orikujunanizibwa ahaby'empiiha omu NRA omuri 1986, yaheereza omu ntebe egyo kuhisya 1989Omuri 1989, akuzibwa yaaba Dayirekita w'eby'esente, omu NRA, eyahindurwa eiziina yaaba [[Wp/nyn/Uganda People's Defence Force|Uganda People's Defence Force (]]UPDF), omuri 1995. Akakora omu ntebe egyo aha kitebe kikuru ekya UPDF, kuhisya 1997. Akagumizamu kuheereza nk'omwe aha bakuru omu ofiisi enkuru eya UPDF, kuhisya 2001.Omu 2001, akahuumura kuruga omu mahe aha rurengo rwa lieutenant colonel. Akaza omu by'obutegyeki, ayesimbaho aha ntebe y'omujwekyerwa omu ishengyero omuri "Isingiro County North", omu [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Isingiro|Disiturikiti ya Isingiro]]. Akasingura entebe egyo kandi yaagaruka yaatooranwa aha ntebe niyo emwe omuri 2006 na 2011.<ref name=":0" /> Akatooranwa kuba minisita w'eihanga ow'eby'amatungo omu Kwamukaaga 2006, omwanya ogu arikukoreramu nk'oku kyabaire kiri omu Kwakashatu 2015.<ref name=":1" /> == Ebindi ebirikuteekateekwaho. == Bright Rwamirama ashweirwe. Naakomooka omu kibiina ky'eby'obutegyeki ekya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movement.]] Ebi arikukunda harimu okumaraho entaro, okutunguura ebyanga hamwe n'okureeba emizaano. == Reeba n'ebindi. == * [[Wp/nyn/Eishengyero rya Uganda|Eishengyero rya Uganda.]] * Kabineti ya Uganda. * [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Isingiro|Disiturikiti ya Isingiro.]] == Eby'okureeberaho. == <references responsive="1"></references> [[Category:Wp/nyn]] p6cdrgzgj5nrmwa91uze2bv08bwkivt 7256316 7256313 2026-07-20T09:13:46Z NATURINDA FORTUNATE 2623054 Grammatical corrections 7256316 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q16186459}} '''Bright Kanyontore Rwamirama''' (akazaarwa ebiro 16 Desemba 1954) n'omunyabyabutegyeki omuri [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]], memba omu ishengyero kandi ofiisa w'amahe owahuumwire. Niwe minisita w'eihanga ow'eby'obuhingi n'oburiisa omu kabineti ya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]].<ref>"[https://statehouse.go.ug/the-cabinet/ The Cabinet - State House Uganda"]. 2 August 2023. Retrieved 1 June 2026.</ref> Akatooranwa aha ntebe egyo ekiro 1 Okwa mukaaga omuri 2006.<ref name=":1">Mukasa, Henry (2 June 2006). [https://web.archive.org/web/20141211112501/http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/12/501695 "Cabinet Ministries Allocated".] ''New Vision (Kampala)''. Archived from the original on 11 December 2014. Retrieved 3 March 2015. </ref> Omu kuhindura ba minisita okwa Okwa kabiri ebiro omuri 2009<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150213214754/http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/12/671730 "Full Cabinet List As At 18 February 2009"]. ''New Vision (Kampala)''. 2 June 2006. Archived from the original on 13 February 2015. Retrieved 3 March 2015.</ref>, 27 Okwa kataano omuri 2011,<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/note.php?note_id=10150208384704078&comments "Comprehensive List of New Cabinet Appointments & Dropped Ministers]". 27 May 2011. Retrieved 3 March 2015 &#x2013; via Facebook.</ref> na ekiro 1 Okwa kashatu omuri 2015, <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170709092825/http://www.monitor.co.ug/blob/view/-/2639388/data/956667/-/oq6gpdz/-/cabinet.pdf "Full Cabinet List As At 1 March 2015"] (PDF). ''Daily Monitor (Kampala)''. 1 March 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 July 2017. Retrieved 3 March 2015.</ref>akaguma ari minisita. Kandi naaheereza nk'omukiiki omwishengyero orikujwekyera Isingiro County North, omu [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Isingiro|Disiturikiti ya Isingiro]]. Atwire naaheereza omu ntebe egyo kuruga omuri 2001. Akasingura Posiono Mugyenyi omu karuuru ka boona aka 2021.<ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20150402125532/http://www.parliament.go.ug/mpdata/mps.hei?p=f&n=t&details=t&j=247&const=Isingiro+County+North&dist_id=68&distname=Isingiro "Profile of Rwamirama Bright Kanyontore, Member of Parliament for Isingiro County North, Isingiro District"]. Parliament of Uganda (POU). Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 4 March 2015.</ref> Omu karuuru ka boona aka 2026, <ref>[https://visiblepolls.org/ug/2021-general-election/candidates/rwamirama-bright-kanyontore-7292/ "Rwamirama Bright Kanyontore – 2021 General Election – Visible Polls".] ''visiblepolls.org''. Retrieved 12 February 2022.</ref>akarangirirwa nk'otarikuhakanisibwa kuguma omu ntebe ye ahabwa Isingiro County North.<ref>[https://thetorchuganda.com/2026/01/11/minister-rwamirama-declared-unopposed-in-isingiro/ "Minister Rwamirama Declared Unopposed in Isingiro"]. ''The Torch Uganda – Independent News, Stories &#x26; Perspectives''. 11 January 2026. Retrieved 1 June 2026.</ref> == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese bwe. == Rwamirama akazaarwa ebiro 16 Okwaikumi na ibiri 1954 omu [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Isingiro|Disiturikiti ya Isingiro]]. Akashoma omu ishomero rya Omungyenyi Primary School ahabw'obwegyese bwe obwa purayimare, Mbarara High School ahabw'obwegyese bwe obwa O-Level kandi Kololo High School ahabw'obwegyese bwe obwa A-Level. Aine diguri za Bachelor of Business Administration (1996) na Master of Business Administration (2004),aruga [[Wp/nyn/Makerere University|Makerere University]]. Satifikeeti ye omu by'obwebembezi ekaba eri ey'omwaka 1993, nawe yaagiheebwa Makerere. Akaba ari omwe aha baabaire bari omu British Junior Staff College, arikushoma omushomo gwa Junior Command and Staff Course hamwe na Naval Postgraduate School, okushoma omushomo gw'okureeberera eby'obugaiga. Akatunga satifikeeti kuruga omu mishomo yoona.<ref name=":0" /> Ari memba w'ekanisa y'abakurisitaayo eya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. == Omurimo gw'okukora. == Kuruga 1978 kuhisya 1983, Rwamirama akakora nk'omukozi omu by'empiiha omu Uganda Commercial Bank, ekitongore ekyahindukire Stanbic Bank Uganda. Omuri 1983, akeegaita aha National Resistance Army (NRA), omu [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] Bush War kubinga [[Wp/nyn/Milton Obote|Milton Obote]] omu bwebembezi. Akatooranwa nk'omukuru orikujunanizibwa ahaby'empiiha omu NRA omuri 1986, yaheereza omu ntebe egyo kuhisya 1989Omuri 1989, akuzibwa yaaba Dayirekita w'eby'esente, omu NRA, eyahindurwa eiziina yaaba [[Wp/nyn/Uganda People's Defence Force|Uganda People's Defence Force (]]UPDF), omuri 1995. Akakora omu ntebe egyo aha kitebe kikuru ekya UPDF, kuhisya 1997. Akagumizamu kuheereza nk'omwe aha bakuru omu ofiisi enkuru eya UPDF, kuhisya 2001.Omu 2001, akahuumura kuruga omu mahe aha rurengo rwa lieutenant colonel. Akaza omu by'obutegyeki, ayesimbaho aha ntebe y'omujwekyerwa omu ishengyero omuri "Isingiro County North", omu [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Isingiro|Disiturikiti ya Isingiro]]. Akasingura entebe egyo kandi yaagaruka yaatooranwa aha ntebe niyo emwe omuri 2006 na 2011.<ref name=":0" /> Akatooranwa kuba minisita w'eihanga ow'eby'amatungo omu Kwamukaaga 2006, omwanya ogu arikukoreramu nk'oku kyabaire kiri omu Kwakashatu 2015.<ref name=":1" /> == Ebindi ebirikuteekateekwaho. == Bright Rwamirama ashweirwe. Naakomooka omu kibiina ky'eby'obutegyeki ekya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movement.]] Ebi arikukunda harimu okumaraho entaro, okutunguura ebyanga hamwe n'okureeba emizaano. == Reeba n'ebindi. == * [[Wp/nyn/Eishengyero rya Uganda|Eishengyero rya Uganda.]] * Kabineti ya Uganda. * [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Isingiro|Disiturikiti ya Isingiro.]] == Eby'okureeberaho. == <references responsive="1"></references> [[Category:Wp/nyn]] icsmnp7auyoiwpcs5ljxcy4lg2ww2ic 7256318 7256316 2026-07-20T09:15:09Z NATURINDA FORTUNATE 2623054 Grammatical corrections 7256318 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q16186459}} '''Bright Kanyontore Rwamirama''' (akazaarwa ebiro 16 Desemba 1954) n'omunyabyabutegyeki omuri [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]], memba omu ishengyero kandi ofiisa w'amahe owahuumwire. Niwe minisita w'eihanga ow'eby'obuhingi n'oburiisa omu kabineti ya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]].<ref>"[https://statehouse.go.ug/the-cabinet/ The Cabinet - State House Uganda"]. 2 August 2023. Retrieved 1 June 2026.</ref> Akatooranwa aha ntebe egyo ekiro 1 Okwa mukaaga omuri 2006.<ref name=":1">Mukasa, Henry (2 June 2006). [https://web.archive.org/web/20141211112501/http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/12/501695 "Cabinet Ministries Allocated".] ''New Vision (Kampala)''. Archived from the original on 11 December 2014. Retrieved 3 March 2015. </ref> Omu kuhindura ba minisita okwa Okwa kabiri ebiro omuri 2009<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150213214754/http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/12/671730 "Full Cabinet List As At 18 February 2009"]. ''New Vision (Kampala)''. 2 June 2006. Archived from the original on 13 February 2015. Retrieved 3 March 2015.</ref>, 27 Okwa kataano omuri 2011,<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/note.php?note_id=10150208384704078&comments "Comprehensive List of New Cabinet Appointments & Dropped Ministers]". 27 May 2011. Retrieved 3 March 2015 &#x2013; via Facebook.</ref> na ekiro 1 Okwa kashatu omuri 2015, <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170709092825/http://www.monitor.co.ug/blob/view/-/2639388/data/956667/-/oq6gpdz/-/cabinet.pdf "Full Cabinet List As At 1 March 2015"] (PDF). ''Daily Monitor (Kampala)''. 1 March 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 July 2017. Retrieved 3 March 2015.</ref>akaguma ari minisita. Kandi naaheereza nk'omukiiki omwishengyero orikujwekyera Isingiro County North, omuri [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Isingiro|Disiturikiti ya Isingiro]]. Atwire naaheereza omu ntebe egyo kuruga omuri 2001. Akasingura Posiono Mugyenyi omu karuuru ka boona aka 2021.<ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20150402125532/http://www.parliament.go.ug/mpdata/mps.hei?p=f&n=t&details=t&j=247&const=Isingiro+County+North&dist_id=68&distname=Isingiro "Profile of Rwamirama Bright Kanyontore, Member of Parliament for Isingiro County North, Isingiro District"]. Parliament of Uganda (POU). Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 4 March 2015.</ref> Omu karuuru ka boona aka 2026, <ref>[https://visiblepolls.org/ug/2021-general-election/candidates/rwamirama-bright-kanyontore-7292/ "Rwamirama Bright Kanyontore – 2021 General Election – Visible Polls".] ''visiblepolls.org''. Retrieved 12 February 2022.</ref>akarangirirwa nk'otarikuhakanisibwa kuguma omu ntebe ye ahabwa Isingiro County North.<ref>[https://thetorchuganda.com/2026/01/11/minister-rwamirama-declared-unopposed-in-isingiro/ "Minister Rwamirama Declared Unopposed in Isingiro"]. ''The Torch Uganda – Independent News, Stories &#x26; Perspectives''. 11 January 2026. Retrieved 1 June 2026.</ref> == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese bwe. == Rwamirama akazaarwa ebiro 16 Okwa ikumi nibiri omuri 1954 omuri [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Isingiro|Disiturikiti ya Isingiro]]. Akashoma omu ishomero rya Omungyenyi Primary School ahabw'obwegyese bwe obwa purayimare, Mbarara High School ahabw'obwegyese bwe obwa O-Level kandi Kololo High School ahabw'obwegyese bwe obwa A-Level. Aine diguri za Bachelor of Business Administration (1996) na Master of Business Administration (2004),aruga [[Wp/nyn/Makerere University|Makerere University]]. Satifikeeti ye omu by'obwebembezi ekaba eri ey'omwaka 1993, nawe yaagiheebwa Makerere. Akaba ari omwe aha baabaire bari omu British Junior Staff College, arikushoma omushomo gwa Junior Command and Staff Course hamwe na Naval Postgraduate School, okushoma omushomo gw'okureeberera eby'obugaiga. Akatunga satifikeeti kuruga omu mishomo yoona.<ref name=":0" /> Ari memba w'ekanisa y'abakurisitaayo eya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. == Omurimo gw'okukora. == Kuruga 1978 kuhisya 1983, Rwamirama akakora nk'omukozi omu by'empiiha omu Uganda Commercial Bank, ekitongore ekyahindukire Stanbic Bank Uganda. Omuri 1983, akeegaita aha National Resistance Army (NRA), omu [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] Bush War kubinga [[Wp/nyn/Milton Obote|Milton Obote]] omu bwebembezi. Akatooranwa nk'omukuru orikujunanizibwa ahaby'empiiha omu NRA omuri 1986, yaheereza omu ntebe egyo kuhisya 1989Omuri 1989, akuzibwa yaaba Dayirekita w'eby'esente, omu NRA, eyahindurwa eiziina yaaba [[Wp/nyn/Uganda People's Defence Force|Uganda People's Defence Force (]]UPDF), omuri 1995. Akakora omu ntebe egyo aha kitebe kikuru ekya UPDF, kuhisya 1997. Akagumizamu kuheereza nk'omwe aha bakuru omu ofiisi enkuru eya UPDF, kuhisya 2001.Omu 2001, akahuumura kuruga omu mahe aha rurengo rwa lieutenant colonel. Akaza omu by'obutegyeki, ayesimbaho aha ntebe y'omujwekyerwa omu ishengyero omuri "Isingiro County North", omu [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Isingiro|Disiturikiti ya Isingiro]]. Akasingura entebe egyo kandi yaagaruka yaatooranwa aha ntebe niyo emwe omuri 2006 na 2011.<ref name=":0" /> Akatooranwa kuba minisita w'eihanga ow'eby'amatungo omu Kwamukaaga 2006, omwanya ogu arikukoreramu nk'oku kyabaire kiri omu Kwakashatu 2015.<ref name=":1" /> == Ebindi ebirikuteekateekwaho. == Bright Rwamirama ashweirwe. Naakomooka omu kibiina ky'eby'obutegyeki ekya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movement.]] Ebi arikukunda harimu okumaraho entaro, okutunguura ebyanga hamwe n'okureeba emizaano. == Reeba n'ebindi. == * [[Wp/nyn/Eishengyero rya Uganda|Eishengyero rya Uganda.]] * Kabineti ya Uganda. * [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Isingiro|Disiturikiti ya Isingiro.]] == Eby'okureeberaho. == <references responsive="1"></references> [[Category:Wp/nyn]] fk0lqqdufipz1j909493w589s4oozqo 7256319 7256318 2026-07-20T09:15:54Z NATURINDA FORTUNATE 2623054 Grammatical corrections 7256319 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q16186459}} '''Bright Kanyontore Rwamirama''' (akazaarwa ebiro 16 Desemba 1954) n'omunyabyabutegyeki omuri [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]], memba omu ishengyero kandi ofiisa w'amahe owahuumwire. Niwe minisita w'eihanga ow'eby'obuhingi n'oburiisa omu kabineti ya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]].<ref>"[https://statehouse.go.ug/the-cabinet/ The Cabinet - State House Uganda"]. 2 August 2023. Retrieved 1 June 2026.</ref> Akatooranwa aha ntebe egyo ekiro 1 Okwa mukaaga omuri 2006.<ref name=":1">Mukasa, Henry (2 June 2006). [https://web.archive.org/web/20141211112501/http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/12/501695 "Cabinet Ministries Allocated".] ''New Vision (Kampala)''. Archived from the original on 11 December 2014. Retrieved 3 March 2015. </ref> Omu kuhindura ba minisita okwa Okwa kabiri ebiro omuri 2009<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150213214754/http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/12/671730 "Full Cabinet List As At 18 February 2009"]. ''New Vision (Kampala)''. 2 June 2006. Archived from the original on 13 February 2015. Retrieved 3 March 2015.</ref>, 27 Okwa kataano omuri 2011,<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/note.php?note_id=10150208384704078&comments "Comprehensive List of New Cabinet Appointments & Dropped Ministers]". 27 May 2011. Retrieved 3 March 2015 &#x2013; via Facebook.</ref> na ekiro 1 Okwa kashatu omuri 2015, <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170709092825/http://www.monitor.co.ug/blob/view/-/2639388/data/956667/-/oq6gpdz/-/cabinet.pdf "Full Cabinet List As At 1 March 2015"] (PDF). ''Daily Monitor (Kampala)''. 1 March 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 July 2017. Retrieved 3 March 2015.</ref>akaguma ari minisita. Kandi naaheereza nk'omukiiki omwishengyero orikujwekyera Isingiro County North, omuri [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Isingiro|Disiturikiti ya Isingiro]]. Atwire naaheereza omu ntebe egyo kuruga omuri 2001. Akasingura Posiono Mugyenyi omu karuuru ka boona aka 2021.<ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20150402125532/http://www.parliament.go.ug/mpdata/mps.hei?p=f&n=t&details=t&j=247&const=Isingiro+County+North&dist_id=68&distname=Isingiro "Profile of Rwamirama Bright Kanyontore, Member of Parliament for Isingiro County North, Isingiro District"]. Parliament of Uganda (POU). Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 4 March 2015.</ref> Omu karuuru ka boona aka 2026, <ref>[https://visiblepolls.org/ug/2021-general-election/candidates/rwamirama-bright-kanyontore-7292/ "Rwamirama Bright Kanyontore – 2021 General Election – Visible Polls".] ''visiblepolls.org''. Retrieved 12 February 2022.</ref>akarangirirwa nk'otarikuhakanisibwa kuguma omu ntebe ye ahabwa Isingiro County North.<ref>[https://thetorchuganda.com/2026/01/11/minister-rwamirama-declared-unopposed-in-isingiro/ "Minister Rwamirama Declared Unopposed in Isingiro"]. ''The Torch Uganda – Independent News, Stories &#x26; Perspectives''. 11 January 2026. Retrieved 1 June 2026.</ref> == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese bwe. == Rwamirama akazaarwa ebiro 16 Okwa ikumi nibiri omuri 1954 omuri [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Isingiro|Disiturikiti ya Isingiro]]. Akashoma omu ishomero rya Omungyenyi Primary School ahabw'obwegyese bwe obwa purayimare, Mbarara High School ahabw'obwegyese bwe obwa O-Level kandi Kololo High School ahabw'obwegyese bwe obwa A-Level. Aine diguri za Bachelor of Business Administration (1996) na Master of Business Administration (2004),aruga [[Wp/nyn/Makerere University|Makerere University]]. Satifikeeti ye omu by'obwebembezi ekaba eri ey'omwaka 1993, nawe yaagiheebwa Makerere. Akaba ari omwe aha baabaire bari omu British Junior Staff College, arikushoma omushomo gwa Junior Command and Staff Course hamwe na Naval Postgraduate School, okushoma omushomo gw'okureeberera eby'obugaiga. Akatunga satifikeeti kuruga omu mishomo yoona.<ref name=":0" /> Ari memba w'ekanisa y'abakurisitaayo eya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. == Omurimo gw'okukora. == Kuruga omuri 1978 kuhisya omuri 1983, Rwamirama akakora nk'omukozi omu by'empiiha omuri Uganda Commercial Bank, ekitongore ekyahindukire Stanbic Bank Uganda. Omuri 1983, akeegaita aha National Resistance Army (NRA), omu [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] Bush War kubinga [[Wp/nyn/Milton Obote|Milton Obote]] omu bwebembezi. Akatooranwa nk'omukuru orikujunanizibwa ahaby'empiiha omu NRA omuri 1986, yaheereza omu ntebe egyo kuhisya 1989Omuri 1989, akuzibwa yaaba Dayirekita w'eby'esente, omu NRA, eyahindurwa eiziina yaaba [[Wp/nyn/Uganda People's Defence Force|Uganda People's Defence Force (]]UPDF), omuri 1995. Akakora omu ntebe egyo aha kitebe kikuru ekya UPDF, kuhisya 1997. Akagumizamu kuheereza nk'omwe aha bakuru omu ofiisi enkuru eya UPDF, kuhisya 2001.Omu 2001, akahuumura kuruga omu mahe aha rurengo rwa lieutenant colonel. Akaza omu by'obutegyeki, ayesimbaho aha ntebe y'omujwekyerwa omu ishengyero omuri "Isingiro County North", omu [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Isingiro|Disiturikiti ya Isingiro]]. Akasingura entebe egyo kandi yaagaruka yaatooranwa aha ntebe niyo emwe omuri 2006 na 2011.<ref name=":0" /> Akatooranwa kuba minisita w'eihanga ow'eby'amatungo omu Kwamukaaga 2006, omwanya ogu arikukoreramu nk'oku kyabaire kiri omu Kwakashatu 2015.<ref name=":1" /> == Ebindi ebirikuteekateekwaho. == Bright Rwamirama ashweirwe. Naakomooka omu kibiina ky'eby'obutegyeki ekya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movement.]] Ebi arikukunda harimu okumaraho entaro, okutunguura ebyanga hamwe n'okureeba emizaano. == Reeba n'ebindi. == * [[Wp/nyn/Eishengyero rya Uganda|Eishengyero rya Uganda.]] * Kabineti ya Uganda. * [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Isingiro|Disiturikiti ya Isingiro.]] == Eby'okureeberaho. == <references responsive="1"></references> [[Category:Wp/nyn]] 8q0x78969vcgazm7hwuqu9bkuqs6plu 7256321 7256319 2026-07-20T09:16:37Z NATURINDA FORTUNATE 2623054 Grammatical corrections 7256321 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q16186459}} '''Bright Kanyontore Rwamirama''' (akazaarwa ebiro 16 Desemba 1954) n'omunyabyabutegyeki omuri [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]], memba omu ishengyero kandi ofiisa w'amahe owahuumwire. Niwe minisita w'eihanga ow'eby'obuhingi n'oburiisa omu kabineti ya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]].<ref>"[https://statehouse.go.ug/the-cabinet/ The Cabinet - State House Uganda"]. 2 August 2023. Retrieved 1 June 2026.</ref> Akatooranwa aha ntebe egyo ekiro 1 Okwa mukaaga omuri 2006.<ref name=":1">Mukasa, Henry (2 June 2006). [https://web.archive.org/web/20141211112501/http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/12/501695 "Cabinet Ministries Allocated".] ''New Vision (Kampala)''. Archived from the original on 11 December 2014. Retrieved 3 March 2015. </ref> Omu kuhindura ba minisita okwa Okwa kabiri ebiro omuri 2009<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150213214754/http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/12/671730 "Full Cabinet List As At 18 February 2009"]. ''New Vision (Kampala)''. 2 June 2006. Archived from the original on 13 February 2015. Retrieved 3 March 2015.</ref>, 27 Okwa kataano omuri 2011,<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/note.php?note_id=10150208384704078&comments "Comprehensive List of New Cabinet Appointments & Dropped Ministers]". 27 May 2011. Retrieved 3 March 2015 &#x2013; via Facebook.</ref> na ekiro 1 Okwa kashatu omuri 2015, <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170709092825/http://www.monitor.co.ug/blob/view/-/2639388/data/956667/-/oq6gpdz/-/cabinet.pdf "Full Cabinet List As At 1 March 2015"] (PDF). ''Daily Monitor (Kampala)''. 1 March 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 July 2017. Retrieved 3 March 2015.</ref>akaguma ari minisita. Kandi naaheereza nk'omukiiki omwishengyero orikujwekyera Isingiro County North, omuri [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Isingiro|Disiturikiti ya Isingiro]]. Atwire naaheereza omu ntebe egyo kuruga omuri 2001. Akasingura Posiono Mugyenyi omu karuuru ka boona aka 2021.<ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20150402125532/http://www.parliament.go.ug/mpdata/mps.hei?p=f&n=t&details=t&j=247&const=Isingiro+County+North&dist_id=68&distname=Isingiro "Profile of Rwamirama Bright Kanyontore, Member of Parliament for Isingiro County North, Isingiro District"]. Parliament of Uganda (POU). Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 4 March 2015.</ref> Omu karuuru ka boona aka 2026, <ref>[https://visiblepolls.org/ug/2021-general-election/candidates/rwamirama-bright-kanyontore-7292/ "Rwamirama Bright Kanyontore – 2021 General Election – Visible Polls".] ''visiblepolls.org''. Retrieved 12 February 2022.</ref>akarangirirwa nk'otarikuhakanisibwa kuguma omu ntebe ye ahabwa Isingiro County North.<ref>[https://thetorchuganda.com/2026/01/11/minister-rwamirama-declared-unopposed-in-isingiro/ "Minister Rwamirama Declared Unopposed in Isingiro"]. ''The Torch Uganda – Independent News, Stories &#x26; Perspectives''. 11 January 2026. Retrieved 1 June 2026.</ref> == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese bwe. == Rwamirama akazaarwa ebiro 16 Okwa ikumi nibiri omuri 1954 omuri [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Isingiro|Disiturikiti ya Isingiro]]. Akashoma omu ishomero rya Omungyenyi Primary School ahabw'obwegyese bwe obwa purayimare, Mbarara High School ahabw'obwegyese bwe obwa O-Level kandi Kololo High School ahabw'obwegyese bwe obwa A-Level. Aine diguri za Bachelor of Business Administration (1996) na Master of Business Administration (2004),aruga [[Wp/nyn/Makerere University|Makerere University]]. Satifikeeti ye omu by'obwebembezi ekaba eri ey'omwaka 1993, nawe yaagiheebwa Makerere. Akaba ari omwe aha baabaire bari omu British Junior Staff College, arikushoma omushomo gwa Junior Command and Staff Course hamwe na Naval Postgraduate School, okushoma omushomo gw'okureeberera eby'obugaiga. Akatunga satifikeeti kuruga omu mishomo yoona.<ref name=":0" /> Ari memba w'ekanisa y'abakurisitaayo eya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. == Omurimo gw'okukora. == Kuruga omuri 1978 kuhisya omuri 1983, Rwamirama akakora nk'omukozi omu by'empiiha omuri Uganda Commercial Bank, ekitongore ekyahindukire Stanbic Bank Uganda. Omuri 1983, akeegaita aha National Resistance Army (NRA), omu [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] Bush War kubinga [[Wp/nyn/Milton Obote|Milton Obote]] omu bwebembezi. Akatooranwa nk'omukuru orikujunanizibwa ahaby'empiiha omu NRA omuri 1986, yaheereza omu ntebe egyo kuhisya omuri 1989 Omuri 1989, akuzibwa yaaba Dayirekita w'eby'esente, omu NRA, eyahindurwa eiziina yaaba [[Wp/nyn/Uganda People's Defence Force|Uganda People's Defence Force (]]UPDF), omuri 1995. Akakora omu ntebe egyo aha kitebe kikuru ekya UPDF, kuhisya 1997. Akagumizamu kuheereza nk'omwe aha bakuru omu ofiisi enkuru eya UPDF, kuhisya omuri 2001.Omu 2001, akahuumura kuruga omu mahe aha rurengo rwa lieutenant colonel. Akaza omu by'obutegyeki, ayesimbaho aha ntebe y'omujwekyerwa omu ishengyero omuri "Isingiro County North", omu [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Isingiro|Disiturikiti ya Isingiro]]. Akasingura entebe egyo kandi yaagaruka yaatooranwa aha ntebe niyo emwe omuri 2006 na 2011.<ref name=":0" /> Akatooranwa kuba minisita w'eihanga ow'eby'amatungo omu Kwamukaaga 2006, omwanya ogu arikukoreramu nk'oku kyabaire kiri omu Kwakashatu 2015.<ref name=":1" /> == Ebindi ebirikuteekateekwaho. == Bright Rwamirama ashweirwe. Naakomooka omu kibiina ky'eby'obutegyeki ekya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movement.]] Ebi arikukunda harimu okumaraho entaro, okutunguura ebyanga hamwe n'okureeba emizaano. == Reeba n'ebindi. == * [[Wp/nyn/Eishengyero rya Uganda|Eishengyero rya Uganda.]] * Kabineti ya Uganda. * [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Isingiro|Disiturikiti ya Isingiro.]] == Eby'okureeberaho. == <references responsive="1"></references> [[Category:Wp/nyn]] 1ygznto57zhn5xtq1eooqf239w0l74w 7256323 7256321 2026-07-20T09:17:36Z NATURINDA FORTUNATE 2623054 Grammatical corrections 7256323 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q16186459}} '''Bright Kanyontore Rwamirama''' (akazaarwa ebiro 16 Desemba 1954) n'omunyabyabutegyeki omuri [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]], memba omu ishengyero kandi ofiisa w'amahe owahuumwire. Niwe minisita w'eihanga ow'eby'obuhingi n'oburiisa omu kabineti ya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]].<ref>"[https://statehouse.go.ug/the-cabinet/ The Cabinet - State House Uganda"]. 2 August 2023. Retrieved 1 June 2026.</ref> Akatooranwa aha ntebe egyo ekiro 1 Okwa mukaaga omuri 2006.<ref name=":1">Mukasa, Henry (2 June 2006). [https://web.archive.org/web/20141211112501/http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/12/501695 "Cabinet Ministries Allocated".] ''New Vision (Kampala)''. Archived from the original on 11 December 2014. Retrieved 3 March 2015. </ref> Omu kuhindura ba minisita okwa Okwa kabiri ebiro omuri 2009<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150213214754/http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/12/671730 "Full Cabinet List As At 18 February 2009"]. ''New Vision (Kampala)''. 2 June 2006. Archived from the original on 13 February 2015. Retrieved 3 March 2015.</ref>, 27 Okwa kataano omuri 2011,<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/note.php?note_id=10150208384704078&comments "Comprehensive List of New Cabinet Appointments & Dropped Ministers]". 27 May 2011. Retrieved 3 March 2015 &#x2013; via Facebook.</ref> na ekiro 1 Okwa kashatu omuri 2015, <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170709092825/http://www.monitor.co.ug/blob/view/-/2639388/data/956667/-/oq6gpdz/-/cabinet.pdf "Full Cabinet List As At 1 March 2015"] (PDF). ''Daily Monitor (Kampala)''. 1 March 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 July 2017. Retrieved 3 March 2015.</ref>akaguma ari minisita. Kandi naaheereza nk'omukiiki omwishengyero orikujwekyera Isingiro County North, omuri [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Isingiro|Disiturikiti ya Isingiro]]. Atwire naaheereza omu ntebe egyo kuruga omuri 2001. Akasingura Posiono Mugyenyi omu karuuru ka boona aka 2021.<ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20150402125532/http://www.parliament.go.ug/mpdata/mps.hei?p=f&n=t&details=t&j=247&const=Isingiro+County+North&dist_id=68&distname=Isingiro "Profile of Rwamirama Bright Kanyontore, Member of Parliament for Isingiro County North, Isingiro District"]. Parliament of Uganda (POU). Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 4 March 2015.</ref> Omu karuuru ka boona aka 2026, <ref>[https://visiblepolls.org/ug/2021-general-election/candidates/rwamirama-bright-kanyontore-7292/ "Rwamirama Bright Kanyontore – 2021 General Election – Visible Polls".] ''visiblepolls.org''. Retrieved 12 February 2022.</ref>akarangirirwa nk'otarikuhakanisibwa kuguma omu ntebe ye ahabwa Isingiro County North.<ref>[https://thetorchuganda.com/2026/01/11/minister-rwamirama-declared-unopposed-in-isingiro/ "Minister Rwamirama Declared Unopposed in Isingiro"]. ''The Torch Uganda – Independent News, Stories &#x26; Perspectives''. 11 January 2026. Retrieved 1 June 2026.</ref> == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese bwe. == Rwamirama akazaarwa ebiro 16 Okwa ikumi nibiri omuri 1954 omuri [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Isingiro|Disiturikiti ya Isingiro]]. Akashoma omu ishomero rya Omungyenyi Primary School ahabw'obwegyese bwe obwa purayimare, Mbarara High School ahabw'obwegyese bwe obwa O-Level kandi Kololo High School ahabw'obwegyese bwe obwa A-Level. Aine diguri za Bachelor of Business Administration (1996) na Master of Business Administration (2004),aruga [[Wp/nyn/Makerere University|Makerere University]]. Satifikeeti ye omu by'obwebembezi ekaba eri ey'omwaka 1993, nawe yaagiheebwa Makerere. Akaba ari omwe aha baabaire bari omu British Junior Staff College, arikushoma omushomo gwa Junior Command and Staff Course hamwe na Naval Postgraduate School, okushoma omushomo gw'okureeberera eby'obugaiga. Akatunga satifikeeti kuruga omu mishomo yoona.<ref name=":0" /> Ari memba w'ekanisa y'abakurisitaayo eya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. == Omurimo gw'okukora. == Kuruga omuri 1978 kuhisya omuri 1983, Rwamirama akakora nk'omukozi omu by'empiiha omuri Uganda Commercial Bank, ekitongore ekyahindukire Stanbic Bank Uganda. Omuri 1983, akeegaita aha National Resistance Army (NRA), omuri [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] Bush War kubinga [[Wp/nyn/Milton Obote|Milton Obote]] omu bwebembezi. Akatooranwa nk'omukuru orikujunanizibwa ahaby'empiiha omu NRA omuri 1986, yaheereza omu ntebe egyo kuhisya omuri 1989 Omuri 1989, akuzibwa yaaba Dayirekita w'eby'esente, omu NRA, eyahindurwa eiziina yaaba [[Wp/nyn/Uganda People's Defence Force|Uganda People's Defence Force (]]UPDF), omuri 1995. Akakora omu ntebe egyo aha kitebe kikuru ekya UPDF, kuhisya 1997. Akagumizamu kuheereza nk'omwe aha bakuru omu ofiisi enkuru eya UPDF, kuhisya omuri 2001.Omuri 2001, akahuumura kuruga omu mahe aha rurengo rwa lieutenant colonel. Akaza omu by'obutegyeki, ayesimbaho aha ntebe y'omujwekyerwa omu ishengyero omuri "Isingiro Cri unty North", omu [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Isingiro|Disiturikiti ya Isingiro]]. Akasingura entebe egyo kandi yaagaruka yaatooranwa aha ntebe niyo emwe omuri 2006 na 2011.<ref name=":0" /> Akatooranwa kuba minisita w'eihanga ow'eby'amatungo omu Kwamukaaga 2006, omwanya ogu arikukoreramu nk'oku kyabaire kiri omu Kwa kashatu omuri 2015.<ref name=":1" /> == Ebindi ebirikuteekateekwaho. == Bright Rwamirama ashweirwe. Naakomooka omu kibiina ky'eby'obutegyeki ekya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movement.]] Ebi arikukunda harimu okumaraho entaro, okutunguura ebyanga hamwe n'okureeba emizaano. == Reeba n'ebindi. == * [[Wp/nyn/Eishengyero rya Uganda|Eishengyero rya Uganda.]] * Kabineti ya Uganda. * [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Isingiro|Disiturikiti ya Isingiro.]] == Eby'okureeberaho. == <references responsive="1"></references> [[Category:Wp/nyn]] bmmgnm1bdhfy4o1xmvnjktgy2jwcf7l 0 3790228 7256307 7255609 2026-07-20T09:07:49Z Rooth N 2608660 7256307 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wp/nyn]] '''Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola] 2021, p.&#x20;34.</ref>''', a'''kazaarwa 13 Okwamushanju 1934) n'omuhandiiki Omunigeria, w'emizaano, kandi omuhandiiki w'ebitabo. Akahandiika ebitabo bishatu, by'ebitabo by'emigane mikye eikumi, ebitabo mushanju by'ebyevugo, ebitabo by'emizaano abiri na bitaano, hamwe n'ebitabo bitaano by'ebirikumukwataho.<ref name=":2">Gibbs, James (1986). ''Wole Soyinka''. Basingstoke: [[:en:Macmillan_Publishers|Macmillan]]. p.&#x20;3. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780333305287|9780333305287]]</bdi>.</ref> Ahandiikire ebitabo bibiri ebivunwirwe hamwe n'ebicweka bingi hamwe n'ebitebyo bikye bikye by'okuhandiikisa empapura z'amakuru hamwe n'ebitabo by'obwire bukye. Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel eky'omwaka 1986 omu by'obuhangwa ahabw'okugira ngu akaba naashwijuma "ebintu bingi ebirikukwata aha buhangwa hamwe n'orurimi rw'okwevuga ahabirikukwata aha kubaho kw'abantu".<ref>Abdullahi, Idowu (11 October 2024). "[https://punchng.com/nobel-laureate-award-exposed-me-to-danger-wole-soyinka/ Nobel Laureate award exposed me to danger]". ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Akazaarwa omu ka y'Abakurisitaayo Abayoruba omuri Aké, Abeokuta.<ref>"[https://dawncommission.org/professor-wole-soyinka/ Professor Wole Soyinka – DAWN Commission]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref><ref name=":0">"[https://wolesoyinkalecture.org/about-wole-soyinka-2/ About Wole Soyinka]". ''Wole Soyinka Lecture Series''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Soyinka akatunga obwegyese obw'okumutebeekanisa aha Government College, Ibadan kandi yaagyenda aha University College Ibadan. Omu bwire bw'obwegyese bwe, akatandikaho ekibiina kya Pyrate Confraternity.<ref name=":0" /> Soyinka akaruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza kwega aha Yunivasite ya Leeds. Omu bwire obwo, niwe yaabaire ari omuhandiiki w'akatabo ka yunivasite, The Eagle, atakabaire muhandiiki ow'obutwire omu myaka ya 1950.<ref>"[https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/wole-soyinka/ Wole Soyinka – Narrative Landscape Press]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Bungyereza, akatandika kuhandiika ebitebyo bigufu n'okukora ebihandiiko aha BBC Lecture series. Akahandiika emizaano mingi eyazaanairwe aha reediyo hamwe n'omu myanya y'emizaano omuri Nigeria hamwe na Bungyereza, okukira munonga Royal Court Theatre.<ref>"[https://livingarchive.royalcourttheatre.com/black-plays-1960s/ Black Plays 1960s]". ''Royal Court - Living Archive''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Ebitabo bya Soyinka bingi hamwe n'emizaano ye, nibiteebwaho omuri Nigeria, ekirikworeka ebyafaayo by'eihanga eryo, eby'obuhangwa, hamwe n'oburemeezi bw'eby'obutegyeki. Oyihireho emirimo egi, akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi ebirikujumiirira emitwarize mibi y'abantu omungyeri erikushetsya. Ebihandiiko ebi bikajanjaara omu bantu baingi kandi byakundwa munonga. Atungire obusinguzi n'emizaano ye, otwariiremu The Swamp Dwellers (1958), The Lion and the Jewel (1959), na The Invention (1957), omuzaano gumwe ahayabandize, ogwakoriirwe aha Royal Court Theatre. Soyinka ahandiikire ebitabo bingi, otwariiremu The Interpreters (1965), Season of Anomy (1973), Death and the King's Horseman, Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth (2021), na Harmattan Haze on an African Spring (2012). Omu Kwamushanju 2024, Bola Tinubu akahindura eiziina ry'ekishengye ky'emizaano ekya National Arts Theatre ahanyima ya Soyinka aha mazaarwa ge ag'emyaka 90. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Soyinka akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju 1934 omuri Ake, Abeokuta, Nigeria omu ka y'Abakristaayo ey'obuzaare bw'Abayoruba. Akaba ari owa kabiri omu baana mushanju[a] ba Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, omuheereza w'Abakuristayo kandi mukuru w'eishomero kuruga omu ruganda rw'obugabe orwa Isara-Remo[<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1988 Gibbs 1988], pp.&#x20;526.</ref> hamwe na Grace Soyinka (née Jenkins-Harrison), omushubuuzi kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe kuruga omu ruganda rwa Ransome-Kuti.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFMaduakor1986 Maduakor 1986], pp.&#x20;227.</ref> Nyina Grace hamwe n'ab'eka ye, aba Ransome-Kutis, bakaba bari ab'eka y'amaani omuri Nigeria<ref>Staff writer (9 May 2014). "[https://businessday.ng/family-and-relationships/article/great-dynasties-the-ransome-kutis/ Great Dynasties:The Ransome-Kutis]". ''[[:en:BusinessDay_(Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> abarikugambwaho nk'ekigarukwamu kya Nigeria aha ka ya Kennedy omuri United States. Owaabatandikireho, omusesorodooti w'Abakuristaayo J. J. Ransome-Kuti, akaba ari omuntu w'okubanza omu ihanga rye omu by'okushohoza ebyeshongoro omu myaka ya 1920.<ref>Sansom, Ian. "[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/11/fela-kuti-great-dynasties-ian-sansom Great Dynasties: The Ransome-Kutis]". ''theguardian.com''. Retrieved 17 January 2026.</ref> Kuruga 1940 kuhistya 1946, Soyinka akaba naashoma aha St. Peters Primary School, ahu ishe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eishomero.<ref>"[https://guardian.ng/art/genius-of-the-unconventional-and-the-patterning-of-dualities-wole-soyinkas-early-childhood-part-3/ Genius of the unconventional and the patterning of dualities: Wole Soyinka's early childhood]". ''T[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|he Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akashomera siniya ye Abeokuta Grammar School kandi okushoma kwe okw'okweteekateekyera Yunivasite aha Government College, Ibadan kuruga 1946 kuhisya 1951.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/soyinka-wole-1934/ Wole Soyinka (1934- )]". ''[[:en:BlackPast.org|BlackPast.org]]''. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akaheebwa omwanya omu University College Ibadan, ahu yaashomire ebyahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza, Orugriika, hamwe n'ebyafaayo by'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kuruga 1952 kuhisya 1954.<ref name=":1">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola 2021], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Omu myaka ye y'ahamuheru omu yunivasite, akahandiika omuzaano mugufu aha reediyo, Keffi's Birthday Treat, ogwashohwire omu Kwamushanju 1954 kuruga omu kitongore kya Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1980 Gibbs 1980], p.&#x20;21.</ref> Hamwe n'abeegi bagyenzi be otwariiremu Olumuyiwa Awẹ, Ralph Opara, Aig-Imoukhuede, na Pius Olegbe, akatandikaho ekibiina ekirikwetwa National Association of Seadogs, ekibiina ky'okubanza omuri Nigeria.<ref name=":1" /> Soyinka akafuruka kuruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza omuri 1954 kugumizamu n'emishomo ye omu byahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza aha Yunivasite ya Leeds arikureebererwa G. Wilson Knight.<ref>''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFEncyclopedia_Britannica2024 Encyclopedia Britannica]'' 2024.</ref> Okusharamu kw'okushoma aheeru y'eihanga omu bwire obwo obu okushoma diguri ya kabiri kyabaire kitarikubaho omuri Ibadan kikaba kiri kurabira omuri Joyce M. Green, omukazi Omungyereza owaizire omu University College, Ibadan kuruga Cambridge omuri 1950, kandi owaabaire ari omwe aha beegyesa ba Soyinka kandi owaabaire amuhaire ekihandiiko kirungi eky'okumugambaho omuri Leeds.<ref>Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi (28 July 2019). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/soyinkas-early-romance-with-england-1954-1959-a-cold-chapter-for-an-anti-form-rebel-part-1/ Soyinka's early romance with England 1954-1959: A cold chapter for an anti-form rebel]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 8 January 2026.</ref> Aha yunivasite ya Leeds, akaheereza nk'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka yunivasite akarikushetsya, The Eagle, omuri ako yaahandiika ekicweka aha magara g'eby'okushoma. Omu Kwamunaana 1955, akatandika kukwata ebyeshongoro aha BBC Lecture kandi yaahandiika ebitebyo bigufu nyingi. Omuri 1957, akasingura empaka z'okugamba ezirikubaho buri mwaka ezirikuteebwaho Yunivasite.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFLindfors1974 Lindfors 1974], pp.&#x20;471–486.</ref> == Emirimo == === 1957–1967: Omurimo gwe gw'okubanza === Soyinka akaguma omuri Leeds bwanyima y'okutunga diguri ye eya BA honours omu Rungyereza omuri 1957.<ref name=":2" /> Omu 1957, akatandika kuhandiika emizaano ye ey'okubanza, ''Swamp Dwellers'' na ''The Lion and the Jewel''. Soyinka akaza London kandi yaakora nk'omushomi w'emizaano aha Royal Court Theatre. Akebembera ekibiina kya Nigerian Drama Group ekyakozire The Swamp Dwellers omuri 1958. Omu bwire obwo, emizaano ye ebiri ekazaanwa omuri Ibadan, Nigeria. Omuri 1957, omuzaano gwe, The Invention, gukashohozibwa aha Royal Court Theatre omuri London, kandi gukaba guri omurimo gwe gw'okubanza aha.<ref>"Wole Soyinka". ''African Biography''. Detroit, MI: Gale (published 2 December 2006). 1999. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-2823-9|978-0-7876-2823-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akahandiika ebyevugo, otwariiremu "''The Immigrant''" hamwe na "''My Next Door Neighbour''", ebyareebekire omuri Black Orpheus. Omuri 1959, Soyinka akagaruka Nigeria bwanyima y'okutunga obuhwezi bwa Rockefeller Research Fellowship ahabw'okucondooza kwe aha by'emizaano ya Afirika. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe omwaka nigwo gumwe, akaza omu mwanya gwa Janheinz Jahn nk'omwe ahabahandiiki babiri bakuru ba Black Orpheus.<ref>Jacobs, Alan. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/trials-brother-jero The Trials Of Brother Jero]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu 1960, akamara omuzaano gwe ogwa reediyo Camwood on the Leaves, kandi n'omuzaano gwe ''The Trials of Brother Jero'' gukatongozibwa omu Mellanby Hall residence of University College Ibadan omu Kwakana 1960. Akakora ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Mask omu myaka ya 1960. Omuzaano gwe ogwa A Dance of The Forest, gukatongozibwa nk'omuzaano gw'eizooba ry'okwetegyeka kwa Nigeria, kandi ebiro 1 Okwaikumi 1960, gukatongozibwa omuri Lagos.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[[:en:BlackPast.org|Wole Soyinka (1934- )". ''BlackPast.org'']]. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Omuzaano gwa Soyinka ogw'okubanza ogurikwetwa My Father's Burden, gukaba nigwebemberwa Olusegun Olusola kandi gukaba nigworekwa aha Western Nigeria Television ebiro 6 Okwamunaana 1960.<ref>Uzoatu, Uzor Maxim (5 October 2013). "[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/146108-essential-soyinka-timeline-uzor-maxim-uzoatu.html The Essential Soyinka Timeline]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref> Omu 1962, Soyinka akahandiika ebihandiiko birikurwanirira okushoma n'okuhandiika omuri Nigeria omu bwire obwo otwariiremu "Death of the King's Horsemen" hamwe na "Towards a True Theater", ebyashohoziibwe omu Transition Magazine.<ref>Amayi, Zakayo (22 June 2013). "[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/standard-entertainment/article/2000086475/soyinkas-grumpy-battles-to-defend-literary-legacy Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's grumpy battles to defend literary legacy]". Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa aha Obafemi Awolowo University omuri Ifẹ. Omu 1963, firimu ye y'okubanza, Culture in Transition, ekashohozibwa. Soyinka akarekura omurimo gwe aha Yunivasite omuri 1964, nk'okwesharinga ahabw'emitwarize y'okushagika gavumenti eyateirweho ab'obushoborozi. Akagira ngu ab'obushoborozi omu yunivasite bakakwatanisa eitendekyero n'obutegyeki bwa Samuel Ladoke Akintola obwabaire butarikukundwa. Omu bwire obwo, akakora The Lion and the Jewel<ref>"[https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/critical-responses-to-african-theatre-wole-soyinkas-the-lion-and-the-jewel-by-professor-martin-banham/ Critical Responses to African Theatre: Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel by Professor Martin Banham | Black Plays Archive]". ''www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> omu siizoni y'emizaano omu Rungyereza na Yoruba hamwe n'okutandikaho The Orisun Theatre Company, guruupu ya theatre. Omu 1965, akakora omuzaano gwa gurikujumirira emitwarize mibi omungyeru erikushestya, ''Before the Blackout''.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/african-theatre-soyinka/ Review of African Theatre Soyinka: Blackout, Blowout and Beyond | Centre for African Studies (LUCAS)]". ''lucas.leeds.ac.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuzano gwe, Kongi's Harvest, gukatandika omu Kwamunaana omuri Lagos. Ebiro 14 September 1965, omuzaano gwe The Road gukatandika kworekwa omuri London aha Commonwealth Arts Festival hamwe na Theatre Royal Stratford East. Soyinka akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa mukuru aha Yunivasite ya Lagos. Juba, ekitabo kye ekisya The Interpreters kikashohozibwa André Deutsch omuri London. Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akakomwa omurundi gw'okubanza, yaajunaanwa okukwata reediyo aha mbundu akahindura akatambi k'ebigambo by'enganzi y'ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba n'akatambi akarikujunaana okwiba akaruuru. Akarekurwa bwanyima y'ameezi agamwe g'okukomwa ahabw'okwesharinga kw'abantu b'ensi yoona abahandiiki. Akahandiika n'ekitabo The Detainee, omuzaano gwa reediyo ogwashohozibwe BBC omuri London.<ref>Ezugwu, Obinna (19 July 2021). "[https://hallmarknews.com/salute-to-kongi-at-87/ Salute To Kongi At 87]". ''hallmarknews.com''. Retrieved 13 August 2022.</ref> === 1966–1968: Orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria === Bwanyima y'okuba Mukuru w'ekibiina ky'emizaano aha Yunivasite ya Ibadan, Soyinka akatandika kwejumba omu by'obutegyeki. Bwanyima y'amahe okuhamba obutegyeki omu kwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1966, akabugana omu kihama Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, gavana w'amahe ow'amashuuma g'oburugwa izooba bwa Nigeria omu kugyezaho okuzibira orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria.<ref>"[https://howng.com/professor-wole-soyinka-full-biographylife-and-news/ Professor Wole Soyinka Full Biography, Life And News]". ''howng.com''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Akaza n'omuri Ẹnugu, ahu yabugaine mugyenzi we Omuyoruba, Victor Banjọ, orikukora na gavumenti ya Biafra. Soyinka, owaashabire obushagiki bw'abeebembezi b'amahe omu kicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, akahitsya obutumwa bwa Banjo ahari Lieutenant Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo, owaabaire atoorainwe nk'omuduumizi w'amahe g'omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba. Omumwebazyo gw'akana, Soyinka agarukire omu mahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, amahe ga Biafra gakatahirira ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Bwanyima y'okutwara oburengyerwa-izooba, Soyinka akabugana Obasanjo kumugambira ekigyendererwa ky'Ababiafra ahabwokuba Obasanjo akaba yaacwiremu kwegaita aha gavumenti ya Nigeria. Kwonka okutahirira kwa Biafra ahagati yóburegyerwa eizooba kikarugamu okuhoorera okwakozirwe amahe ga gavumenti eya federo, kandi orutaro rw'omunda rukatandika. Obasanjo akashoboorora gavumenti ya Nigeria orukiiko rwe na Soyinka, yarangirira Soyinka nk'omuheekyera, n'ahabw'ekyo akakwatwa ab'obushoborozi bwa federo kandi yaakomwa kumara emyezi 22.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/07/27/wole.soyinka/index.html Wole Soyinka: Nigeria's Nobel Laureate]". ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. 1 August 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2026.</ref> Akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi n'byevugo arikujuumirira gavumenti ya Nigeria obu yaabaire ari omu kihome.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (2006), ''You Must Set Forth at Dawn'', p. 6.</ref> Omu kutandika kwa 1967, ebihandiiko bye Kongi’s Harvest na Idanre and Other Poems bikashohozibwa.<ref>"[https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/engp06/chapter/wole-soyinka-kongis-harvest/ Wole Soyinka, Kongi's Harvest – African & Caribbean Writing in English]". ''ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Ari na Tom Stoppard, akatunga ekirabo kya John Whiting omuri London. Akatooranwa kuba mukuru w'eishomero rya Drama, Yunivasite ya Ibadan kwonka akaremwa kutwara entebe egyo ahabw'okubohwa omu kwezi kwa munaana. N'obu araabe yaabaire ari omu kihome, omuzaano gwe ogurikwetwa The Lion and The Jewel gukagumizamu gwashohozibwa omuri Accra, Ghana omu Kwamwenda 1967. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Strong Breed bikashohozibwa aba Off-Broadway omu Greenwich Mews Theatre omuri New York City. Omuri 1968, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Jock Campbell-New Statesman Award. Ekibiina kya Negro Ensemble Company kikashohoza Kongi's Harvest aha St. Mark's Theatre, New York.<ref>"[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,838330,00.html Theater: Kongi's Harvest]". ''Time''. 26 April 1968. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X 0040-781X]. Retrieved 7 May 2022.</ref> Akavunuura D. O. Fagunwa's Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irunmale kuruga omu rurimi rwa Yoruba kuza omu Rungyereza. Kikashohozibwa nka The Forest of a Thousand Demons: A Hunter's Saga. === Okurekurwa n'okushohoza ebitabo. === Omu Okwaikumi 1969, emyezi mikye erikuburayo orutaro rw'omunda rukahwa, okusaasira kukarangirirwa, Soyinka hamwe n'abandi basibe b'eby'obutegyeki barekurwa.<ref>PEN America (16 April 2012). "[https://pen.org/case-histories-wole-soyinka/ Case Histories: Wole Soyinka]". ''PEN America''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omu myezi mikye y'okubanza bwanyima y'okurekurwa kwe, Soyinka akaguma aha faamu ya munywani we omu mashuuma ga Bufaransa, ahu yaasherwire kuhuumuraho wenka. Akahandiika The Bacchae of Euripides (1969), ekihandiiko kihindwiremu kushushana enfumu ya Pentheus.<ref name=":3">Killam and Rowe (eds), ''The Companion to African Literature'' (2000), p. 276.</ref> Kandi akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebyevugo omuri London, kikwetwa Poems from Prison. Aha muheru gw'omwaka, akagaruka omu ofiisi ye nk'orikukurira eby'emizaano omuri Ibadan.<ref name=":5">"[https://dailytrust.com/things-to-know-about-prof-wole-soyinka-at-89/ Things To Know About Prof Wole Soyinka At 89]". ''[[:en:Daily_Trust|Daily Trust]]''. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omu 1970, akashohoza omuzaano Kongi's Harvest, kandi omu bwire bumwe akaguhindura nk'omuzaano gwa firimu gw'eiziina niryo rimwe, Kongi's Harvest. Omu Kwamukaaga 1970, akamara omuzaano ogundi, ogurikwetwa Madmen and Specialists.<ref>Ajeluorou, Anote (25 July 2015). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/periscoping-a-senseless-war-in-madmen-and-specialists/ Periscoping A Senseless War In Madmen And Specialists]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</ref> Arikukoragana n'ekibiina ky'abazaani 15 ba Ibadan University Theatre Art Company, akagyenda United States, kureeba Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center omuri Waterford, Connecticut, ahu omuzaano gwe oguyabaire ahererukurieyo kuhandiika gwayorekirwe omurundi gwokubanza.[citation needed] Omu 1971, ekitabo kye ky'ebyevugo ekya A Shuttle in the Crypt kikashohozibwa. Madmen and Specialists kikashohozibwa omuri Ibadan omwaka ogwo.<ref>Lee, Christopher J. (25 March 2020). "[http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/reading-wole-soyinka-s-madmen-and-specialists-time-pandemic Reading Wole Soyinka's 'Madmen and Specialists' in a Time of Pandemic]". ''Warscapes''.</ref> Omu Kwakana 1971, ahabw'okwerarikirira aha mbeera y'eby'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria, Soyinka akarekura emirimo ye aha Yunivasite omuri Ibadan, kandi yaatandika emyaka mingi ayetwaire omubuzaahe. kuza omu buzaahe.<ref name=":6">Adegbamigbe, Ademola (13 July 2019). "[https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/07/13/soyinka-at-85-why-i-detained-him-for-2-years-during-civil-war-yakubu-gowon/ Soyinka at 85: 'Why I Detained Him for 2 Years During the Civil War' - Yakubu Gowon]". ''The NEWS''. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</ref> Soyinka akagyenda omuri Paris, Bufaransa, kutwara omurimo gw'okuzaana nka Patrice Lumumba, mukuru w'eihanga w'okubanza rya Repubulika ya Kongo owaisirwe, omu muzaano ogwashohozibwe Joan Littlewood omu kwakataano 1971 ogurikwetwa Murderous Angels, omuzaano gwa Conor Cruise O'Brien ogwabaire nigukwata aha buremeezi bwa Kongo.<ref name=":4">Gibbs, James. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/soyinka-wole-13-july-1934 Soyinka, Wole 1934–]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 September 2021. (Updated by [[:en:Tanure_Ojaide|Tanure Ojaide]].)</ref><ref>[[:en:Biodun_Jeyifo|Jeyifo, Biodun]] (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nwhlgrVqvYkC&q=%22Murderous+Angels%22%3D&pg=PR27 Chronology]". ''Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, and Postcolonialism''. Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;xxvii. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139439084|9781139439084]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri Paris, ebicweka kuruga omu muzaano gwa Soyinka ogurikumanywa munonga The Dance of The Forests bikazaanwa.<ref>Adenekan, Sulaiman (2016). "[https://www.tradenewswire.net/the-pride-of-africa-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-clocks-85-years-serving-humanity-poetically/ The Pride of Africa: Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka clocks 85 years serving humanity poeticall]y". ''Trade Newswire''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Omu 1972, ekitabo kye Season of Anomy hamwe na Collected Plays byona bikashohozibwa Oxford University Press. Ekihandiiko kye ky'ebirikumukwataho ekya The Man Died, ekirikurundaana ebi yaahandiikire omu kihome, nakyo kikashohozibwa omwaka ogwo.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/biographical/ Wole Soyinka | Biographical]", The Nobel Prize, 1986.</ref> Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Honoris Causa doctorate kuruga omu Yunivasite ya Leeds omuri 1973.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/honorary-degree/ Honorary Degree]", Leeds ''African Studies Bulletin'' 19 (November 1973), pp. 1–2. [Professor Soyinka receiving the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from the Chancellor, HRH the Duchess of Kent, on Thursday 17 May 1973 – image from 'Nobel Prize for Leeds Graduate', ''The Reporter'' (the University of Leeds), 258, 24 October 1986.]</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, National Theatre, London, ekashaba kandi yaatongoza omuzaano The Bacchae of Euripides,<ref name=":3" /> kandi emizaano ye Camwood on the Leaves na Jero's Metamorphosis nayo ekaba eri ey'okubanza kushohozibwa. Akamara omwaka gumwe nk'omugyenyi aha Churchill College, Cambridge<ref>Gumbel, Andrew (3 November 2005). "[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/03/theatre3 Wole Soyinka on how he came to write Death and the King's Horseman]". ''The Guardian''.</ref> (1973–74)<ref name=":4" /> kandi yaahandiika Death and the King's Horseman, ekyashomirwe omurundi gw'okubanza aha Churchill College.<ref name=":5" /> Omu 1974, Oxford University Press ekashohoza Soyinka's Collected Plays, Volume II. Akateeraho hamwe ekitabo kya 1975 Poems of Black Africa, ekyashohoziibwe nka kimwe ahakicweka kya Heinemann African Writers Series.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JtqywAEACAAJ Poems of Black Africa]'', Heinemann African Writers Series, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]. <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780435901714|9780435901714]]</bdi>.</ref> Kandi omuri 1975, Soyinka akakuzibwa yaaza aha ntebe y'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka Transition Magazine, akaabaire nikashangwa omu kibuga ekikuru ekya Ghana ekya Accra, ahu yaafurukiire.<ref name=":6" /> Akakoresa ebihandiiko bye omu magaziini kujumirira abo abarikusaasibwa munonga abairaguju (nk'eky'okureeberaho, ekicweka kye "Neo-Tarzanism: Eby'obutegyeki obwa Pseudo-Transition) hamwe n'obutegyeki bw'amahe. Akeesharinga ahabw'obutegyeki bw'amahe obwa Idi Amin omu Uganda. Bwanyima y'empindahinduka omu by'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria hamwe n'okuhenda gavumenti y'amahe eya Gowon omuri 1975, Soyinka akagaruka omu ihanga rye kandi yaagaruka omu mwanya gwe nka mukuru w'okugyeragyeranisa ebyahandiikirwe. omu Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref name=":6" /> === Okushomesa === Kuruga 1975 kuhisya 1999, Soyinka akaheereza nka Purofeesa w'ebitabo ebirikugyeragyeranisibwa aha Obafemi Awolowo University.[46] == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == mwi8b41c5jivb97yk5n54d905o4v1sf 7256308 7256307 2026-07-20T09:08:21Z Rooth N 2608660 7256308 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wp/nyn]] '''Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola] 2021, p.&#x20;34.</ref>''', a'''kazaarwa 13 Okwamushanju 1934) n'omuhandiiki Omunigeria, w'emizaano, kandi omuhandiiki w'ebitabo. Akahandiika ebitabo bishatu, by'ebitabo by'emigane mikye eikumi, ebitabo mushanju by'ebyevugo, ebitabo by'emizaano abiri na bitaano, hamwe n'ebitabo bitaano by'ebirikumukwataho.<ref name=":2">Gibbs, James (1986). ''Wole Soyinka''. Basingstoke: [[:en:Macmillan_Publishers|Macmillan]]. p.&#x20;3. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780333305287|9780333305287]]</bdi>.</ref> Ahandiikire ebitabo bibiri ebivunwirwe hamwe n'ebicweka bingi hamwe n'ebitebyo bikye bikye by'okuhandiikisa empapura z'amakuru hamwe n'ebitabo by'obwire bukye. Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel eky'omwaka 1986 omu by'obuhangwa ahabw'okugira ngu akaba naashwijuma "ebintu bingi ebirikukwata aha buhangwa hamwe n'orurimi rw'okwevuga ahabirikukwata aha kubaho kw'abantu".<ref>Abdullahi, Idowu (11 October 2024). "[https://punchng.com/nobel-laureate-award-exposed-me-to-danger-wole-soyinka/ Nobel Laureate award exposed me to danger]". ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Akazaarwa omu ka y'Abakurisitaayo Abayoruba omuri Aké, Abeokuta.<ref>"[https://dawncommission.org/professor-wole-soyinka/ Professor Wole Soyinka – DAWN Commission]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref><ref name=":0">"[https://wolesoyinkalecture.org/about-wole-soyinka-2/ About Wole Soyinka]". ''Wole Soyinka Lecture Series''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Soyinka akatunga obwegyese obw'okumutebeekanisa aha Government College, Ibadan kandi yaagyenda aha University College Ibadan. Omu bwire bw'obwegyese bwe, akatandikaho ekibiina kya Pyrate Confraternity.<ref name=":0" /> Soyinka akaruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza kwega aha Yunivasite ya Leeds. Omu bwire obwo, niwe yaabaire ari omuhandiiki w'akatabo ka yunivasite, The Eagle, atakabaire muhandiiki ow'obutwire omu myaka ya 1950.<ref>"[https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/wole-soyinka/ Wole Soyinka – Narrative Landscape Press]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Bungyereza, akatandika kuhandiika ebitebyo bigufu n'okukora ebihandiiko aha BBC Lecture series. Akahandiika emizaano mingi eyazaanairwe aha reediyo hamwe n'omu myanya y'emizaano omuri Nigeria hamwe na Bungyereza, okukira munonga Royal Court Theatre.<ref>"[https://livingarchive.royalcourttheatre.com/black-plays-1960s/ Black Plays 1960s]". ''Royal Court - Living Archive''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Ebitabo bya Soyinka bingi hamwe n'emizaano ye, nibiteebwaho omuri Nigeria, ekirikworeka ebyafaayo by'eihanga eryo, eby'obuhangwa, hamwe n'oburemeezi bw'eby'obutegyeki. Oyihireho emirimo egi, akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi ebirikujumiirira emitwarize mibi y'abantu omungyeri erikushetsya. Ebihandiiko ebi bikajanjaara omu bantu baingi kandi byakundwa munonga. Atungire obusinguzi n'emizaano ye, otwariiremu The Swamp Dwellers (1958), The Lion and the Jewel (1959), na The Invention (1957), omuzaano gumwe ahayabandize, ogwakoriirwe aha Royal Court Theatre. Soyinka ahandiikire ebitabo bingi, otwariiremu The Interpreters (1965), Season of Anomy (1973), Death and the King's Horseman, Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth (2021), na Harmattan Haze on an African Spring (2012). Omu Kwamushanju 2024, Bola Tinubu akahindura eiziina ry'ekishengye ky'emizaano ekya National Arts Theatre ahanyima ya Soyinka aha mazaarwa ge ag'emyaka 90. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Soyinka akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju 1934 omuri Ake, Abeokuta, Nigeria omu ka y'Abakristaayo ey'obuzaare bw'Abayoruba. Akaba ari owa kabiri omu baana mushanju[a] ba Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, omuheereza w'Abakuristayo kandi mukuru w'eishomero kuruga omu ruganda rw'obugabe orwa Isara-Remo[<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1988 Gibbs 1988], pp.&#x20;526.</ref> hamwe na Grace Soyinka (née Jenkins-Harrison), omushubuuzi kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe kuruga omu ruganda rwa Ransome-Kuti.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFMaduakor1986 Maduakor 1986], pp.&#x20;227.</ref> Nyina Grace hamwe n'ab'eka ye, aba Ransome-Kutis, bakaba bari ab'eka y'amaani omuri Nigeria<ref>Staff writer (9 May 2014). "[https://businessday.ng/family-and-relationships/article/great-dynasties-the-ransome-kutis/ Great Dynasties:The Ransome-Kutis]". ''[[:en:BusinessDay_(Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> abarikugambwaho nk'ekigarukwamu kya Nigeria aha ka ya Kennedy omuri United States. Owaabatandikireho, omusesorodooti w'Abakuristaayo J. J. Ransome-Kuti, akaba ari omuntu w'okubanza omu ihanga rye omu by'okushohoza ebyeshongoro omu myaka ya 1920.<ref>Sansom, Ian. "[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/11/fela-kuti-great-dynasties-ian-sansom Great Dynasties: The Ransome-Kutis]". ''theguardian.com''. Retrieved 17 January 2026.</ref> Kuruga 1940 kuhistya 1946, Soyinka akaba naashoma aha St. Peters Primary School, ahu ishe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eishomero.<ref>"[https://guardian.ng/art/genius-of-the-unconventional-and-the-patterning-of-dualities-wole-soyinkas-early-childhood-part-3/ Genius of the unconventional and the patterning of dualities: Wole Soyinka's early childhood]". ''T[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|he Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akashomera siniya ye Abeokuta Grammar School kandi okushoma kwe okw'okweteekateekyera Yunivasite aha Government College, Ibadan kuruga 1946 kuhisya 1951.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/soyinka-wole-1934/ Wole Soyinka (1934- )]". ''[[:en:BlackPast.org|BlackPast.org]]''. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akaheebwa omwanya omu University College Ibadan, ahu yaashomire ebyahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza, Orugriika, hamwe n'ebyafaayo by'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kuruga 1952 kuhisya 1954.<ref name=":1">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola 2021], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Omu myaka ye y'ahamuheru omu yunivasite, akahandiika omuzaano mugufu aha reediyo, Keffi's Birthday Treat, ogwashohwire omu Kwamushanju 1954 kuruga omu kitongore kya Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1980 Gibbs 1980], p.&#x20;21.</ref> Hamwe n'abeegi bagyenzi be otwariiremu Olumuyiwa Awẹ, Ralph Opara, Aig-Imoukhuede, na Pius Olegbe, akatandikaho ekibiina ekirikwetwa National Association of Seadogs, ekibiina ky'okubanza omuri Nigeria.<ref name=":1" /> Soyinka akafuruka kuruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza omuri 1954 kugumizamu n'emishomo ye omu byahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza aha Yunivasite ya Leeds arikureebererwa G. Wilson Knight.<ref>''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFEncyclopedia_Britannica2024 Encyclopedia Britannica]'' 2024.</ref> Okusharamu kw'okushoma aheeru y'eihanga omu bwire obwo obu okushoma diguri ya kabiri kyabaire kitarikubaho omuri Ibadan kikaba kiri kurabira omuri Joyce M. Green, omukazi Omungyereza owaizire omu University College, Ibadan kuruga Cambridge omuri 1950, kandi owaabaire ari omwe aha beegyesa ba Soyinka kandi owaabaire amuhaire ekihandiiko kirungi eky'okumugambaho omuri Leeds.<ref>Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi (28 July 2019). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/soyinkas-early-romance-with-england-1954-1959-a-cold-chapter-for-an-anti-form-rebel-part-1/ Soyinka's early romance with England 1954-1959: A cold chapter for an anti-form rebel]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 8 January 2026.</ref> Aha yunivasite ya Leeds, akaheereza nk'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka yunivasite akarikushetsya, The Eagle, omuri ako yaahandiika ekicweka aha magara g'eby'okushoma. Omu Kwamunaana 1955, akatandika kukwata ebyeshongoro aha BBC Lecture kandi yaahandiika ebitebyo bigufu nyingi. Omuri 1957, akasingura empaka z'okugamba ezirikubaho buri mwaka ezirikuteebwaho Yunivasite.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFLindfors1974 Lindfors 1974], pp.&#x20;471–486.</ref> == Emirimo == === 1957–1967: Omurimo gwe gw'okubanza === Soyinka akaguma omuri Leeds bwanyima y'okutunga diguri ye eya BA honours omu Rungyereza omuri 1957.<ref name=":2" /> Omu 1957, akatandika kuhandiika emizaano ye ey'okubanza, ''Swamp Dwellers'' na ''The Lion and the Jewel''. Soyinka akaza London kandi yaakora nk'omushomi w'emizaano aha Royal Court Theatre. Akebembera ekibiina kya Nigerian Drama Group ekyakozire The Swamp Dwellers omuri 1958. Omu bwire obwo, emizaano ye ebiri ekazaanwa omuri Ibadan, Nigeria. Omuri 1957, omuzaano gwe, The Invention, gukashohozibwa aha Royal Court Theatre omuri London, kandi gukaba guri omurimo gwe gw'okubanza aha.<ref>"Wole Soyinka". ''African Biography''. Detroit, MI: Gale (published 2 December 2006). 1999. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-2823-9|978-0-7876-2823-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akahandiika ebyevugo, otwariiremu "''The Immigrant''" hamwe na "''My Next Door Neighbour''", ebyareebekire omuri Black Orpheus. Omuri 1959, Soyinka akagaruka Nigeria bwanyima y'okutunga obuhwezi bwa Rockefeller Research Fellowship ahabw'okucondooza kwe aha by'emizaano ya Afirika. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe omwaka nigwo gumwe, akaza omu mwanya gwa Janheinz Jahn nk'omwe ahabahandiiki babiri bakuru ba Black Orpheus.<ref>Jacobs, Alan. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/trials-brother-jero The Trials Of Brother Jero]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu 1960, akamara omuzaano gwe ogwa reediyo Camwood on the Leaves, kandi n'omuzaano gwe ''The Trials of Brother Jero'' gukatongozibwa omu Mellanby Hall residence of University College Ibadan omu Kwakana 1960. Akakora ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Mask omu myaka ya 1960. Omuzaano gwe ogwa A Dance of The Forest, gukatongozibwa nk'omuzaano gw'eizooba ry'okwetegyeka kwa Nigeria, kandi ebiro 1 Okwaikumi 1960, gukatongozibwa omuri Lagos.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[[:en:BlackPast.org|Wole Soyinka (1934- )". ''BlackPast.org'']]. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Omuzaano gwa Soyinka ogw'okubanza ogurikwetwa My Father's Burden, gukaba nigwebemberwa Olusegun Olusola kandi gukaba nigworekwa aha Western Nigeria Television ebiro 6 Okwamunaana 1960.<ref>Uzoatu, Uzor Maxim (5 October 2013). "[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/146108-essential-soyinka-timeline-uzor-maxim-uzoatu.html The Essential Soyinka Timeline]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref> Omu 1962, Soyinka akahandiika ebihandiiko birikurwanirira okushoma n'okuhandiika omuri Nigeria omu bwire obwo otwariiremu "Death of the King's Horsemen" hamwe na "Towards a True Theater", ebyashohoziibwe omu Transition Magazine.<ref>Amayi, Zakayo (22 June 2013). "[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/standard-entertainment/article/2000086475/soyinkas-grumpy-battles-to-defend-literary-legacy Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's grumpy battles to defend literary legacy]". Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa aha Obafemi Awolowo University omuri Ifẹ. Omu 1963, firimu ye y'okubanza, Culture in Transition, ekashohozibwa. Soyinka akarekura omurimo gwe aha Yunivasite omuri 1964, nk'okwesharinga ahabw'emitwarize y'okushagika gavumenti eyateirweho ab'obushoborozi. Akagira ngu ab'obushoborozi omu yunivasite bakakwatanisa eitendekyero n'obutegyeki bwa Samuel Ladoke Akintola obwabaire butarikukundwa. Omu bwire obwo, akakora The Lion and the Jewel<ref>"[https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/critical-responses-to-african-theatre-wole-soyinkas-the-lion-and-the-jewel-by-professor-martin-banham/ Critical Responses to African Theatre: Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel by Professor Martin Banham | Black Plays Archive]". ''www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> omu siizoni y'emizaano omu Rungyereza na Yoruba hamwe n'okutandikaho The Orisun Theatre Company, guruupu ya theatre. Omu 1965, akakora omuzaano gwa gurikujumirira emitwarize mibi omungyeru erikushestya, ''Before the Blackout''.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/african-theatre-soyinka/ Review of African Theatre Soyinka: Blackout, Blowout and Beyond | Centre for African Studies (LUCAS)]". ''lucas.leeds.ac.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuzano gwe, Kongi's Harvest, gukatandika omu Kwamunaana omuri Lagos. Ebiro 14 September 1965, omuzaano gwe The Road gukatandika kworekwa omuri London aha Commonwealth Arts Festival hamwe na Theatre Royal Stratford East. Soyinka akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa mukuru aha Yunivasite ya Lagos. Juba, ekitabo kye ekisya The Interpreters kikashohozibwa André Deutsch omuri London. Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akakomwa omurundi gw'okubanza, yaajunaanwa okukwata reediyo aha mbundu akahindura akatambi k'ebigambo by'enganzi y'ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba n'akatambi akarikujunaana okwiba akaruuru. Akarekurwa bwanyima y'ameezi agamwe g'okukomwa ahabw'okwesharinga kw'abantu b'ensi yoona abahandiiki. Akahandiika n'ekitabo The Detainee, omuzaano gwa reediyo ogwashohozibwe BBC omuri London.<ref>Ezugwu, Obinna (19 July 2021). "[https://hallmarknews.com/salute-to-kongi-at-87/ Salute To Kongi At 87]". ''hallmarknews.com''. Retrieved 13 August 2022.</ref> === 1966–1968: Orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria === Bwanyima y'okuba Mukuru w'ekibiina ky'emizaano aha Yunivasite ya Ibadan, Soyinka akatandika kwejumba omu by'obutegyeki. Bwanyima y'amahe okuhamba obutegyeki omu kwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1966, akabugana omu kihama Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, gavana w'amahe ow'amashuuma g'oburugwa izooba bwa Nigeria omu kugyezaho okuzibira orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria.<ref>"[https://howng.com/professor-wole-soyinka-full-biographylife-and-news/ Professor Wole Soyinka Full Biography, Life And News]". ''howng.com''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Akaza n'omuri Ẹnugu, ahu yabugaine mugyenzi we Omuyoruba, Victor Banjọ, orikukora na gavumenti ya Biafra. Soyinka, owaashabire obushagiki bw'abeebembezi b'amahe omu kicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, akahitsya obutumwa bwa Banjo ahari Lieutenant Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo, owaabaire atoorainwe nk'omuduumizi w'amahe g'omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba. Omumwebazyo gw'akana, Soyinka agarukire omu mahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, amahe ga Biafra gakatahirira ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Bwanyima y'okutwara oburengyerwa-izooba, Soyinka akabugana Obasanjo kumugambira ekigyendererwa ky'Ababiafra ahabwokuba Obasanjo akaba yaacwiremu kwegaita aha gavumenti ya Nigeria. Kwonka okutahirira kwa Biafra ahagati yóburegyerwa eizooba kikarugamu okuhoorera okwakozirwe amahe ga gavumenti eya federo, kandi orutaro rw'omunda rukatandika. Obasanjo akashoboorora gavumenti ya Nigeria orukiiko rwe na Soyinka, yarangirira Soyinka nk'omuheekyera, n'ahabw'ekyo akakwatwa ab'obushoborozi bwa federo kandi yaakomwa kumara emyezi 22.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/07/27/wole.soyinka/index.html Wole Soyinka: Nigeria's Nobel Laureate]". ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. 1 August 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2026.</ref> Akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi n'byevugo arikujuumirira gavumenti ya Nigeria obu yaabaire ari omu kihome.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (2006), ''You Must Set Forth at Dawn'', p. 6.</ref> Omu kutandika kwa 1967, ebihandiiko bye Kongi’s Harvest na Idanre and Other Poems bikashohozibwa.<ref>"[https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/engp06/chapter/wole-soyinka-kongis-harvest/ Wole Soyinka, Kongi's Harvest – African & Caribbean Writing in English]". ''ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Ari na Tom Stoppard, akatunga ekirabo kya John Whiting omuri London. Akatooranwa kuba mukuru w'eishomero rya Drama, Yunivasite ya Ibadan kwonka akaremwa kutwara entebe egyo ahabw'okubohwa omu kwezi kwa munaana. N'obu araabe yaabaire ari omu kihome, omuzaano gwe ogurikwetwa The Lion and The Jewel gukagumizamu gwashohozibwa omuri Accra, Ghana omu Kwamwenda 1967. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Strong Breed bikashohozibwa aba Off-Broadway omu Greenwich Mews Theatre omuri New York City. Omuri 1968, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Jock Campbell-New Statesman Award. Ekibiina kya Negro Ensemble Company kikashohoza Kongi's Harvest aha St. Mark's Theatre, New York.<ref>"[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,838330,00.html Theater: Kongi's Harvest]". ''Time''. 26 April 1968. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X 0040-781X]. Retrieved 7 May 2022.</ref> Akavunuura D. O. Fagunwa's Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irunmale kuruga omu rurimi rwa Yoruba kuza omu Rungyereza. Kikashohozibwa nka The Forest of a Thousand Demons: A Hunter's Saga. === Okurekurwa n'okushohoza ebitabo. === Omu Okwaikumi 1969, emyezi mikye erikuburayo orutaro rw'omunda rukahwa, okusaasira kukarangirirwa, Soyinka hamwe n'abandi basibe b'eby'obutegyeki barekurwa.<ref>PEN America (16 April 2012). "[https://pen.org/case-histories-wole-soyinka/ Case Histories: Wole Soyinka]". ''PEN America''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omu myezi mikye y'okubanza bwanyima y'okurekurwa kwe, Soyinka akaguma aha faamu ya munywani we omu mashuuma ga Bufaransa, ahu yaasherwire kuhuumuraho wenka. Akahandiika The Bacchae of Euripides (1969), ekihandiiko kihindwiremu kushushana enfumu ya Pentheus.<ref name=":3">Killam and Rowe (eds), ''The Companion to African Literature'' (2000), p. 276.</ref> Kandi akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebyevugo omuri London, kikwetwa Poems from Prison. Aha muheru gw'omwaka, akagaruka omu ofiisi ye nk'orikukurira eby'emizaano omuri Ibadan.<ref name=":5">"[https://dailytrust.com/things-to-know-about-prof-wole-soyinka-at-89/ Things To Know About Prof Wole Soyinka At 89]". ''[[:en:Daily_Trust|Daily Trust]]''. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omu 1970, akashohoza omuzaano Kongi's Harvest, kandi omu bwire bumwe akaguhindura nk'omuzaano gwa firimu gw'eiziina niryo rimwe, Kongi's Harvest. Omu Kwamukaaga 1970, akamara omuzaano ogundi, ogurikwetwa Madmen and Specialists.<ref>Ajeluorou, Anote (25 July 2015). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/periscoping-a-senseless-war-in-madmen-and-specialists/ Periscoping A Senseless War In Madmen And Specialists]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</ref> Arikukoragana n'ekibiina ky'abazaani 15 ba Ibadan University Theatre Art Company, akagyenda United States, kureeba Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center omuri Waterford, Connecticut, ahu omuzaano gwe oguyabaire ahererukurieyo kuhandiika gwayorekirwe omurundi gwokubanza.[citation needed] Omu 1971, ekitabo kye ky'ebyevugo ekya A Shuttle in the Crypt kikashohozibwa. Madmen and Specialists kikashohozibwa omuri Ibadan omwaka ogwo.<ref>Lee, Christopher J. (25 March 2020). "[http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/reading-wole-soyinka-s-madmen-and-specialists-time-pandemic Reading Wole Soyinka's 'Madmen and Specialists' in a Time of Pandemic]". ''Warscapes''.</ref> Omu Kwakana 1971, ahabw'okwerarikirira aha mbeera y'eby'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria, Soyinka akarekura emirimo ye aha Yunivasite omuri Ibadan, kandi yaatandika emyaka mingi ayetwaire omubuzaahe. kuza omu buzaahe.<ref name=":6">Adegbamigbe, Ademola (13 July 2019). "[https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/07/13/soyinka-at-85-why-i-detained-him-for-2-years-during-civil-war-yakubu-gowon/ Soyinka at 85: 'Why I Detained Him for 2 Years During the Civil War' - Yakubu Gowon]". ''The NEWS''. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</ref> Soyinka akagyenda omuri Paris, Bufaransa, kutwara omurimo gw'okuzaana nka Patrice Lumumba, mukuru w'eihanga w'okubanza rya Repubulika ya Kongo owaisirwe, omu muzaano ogwashohozibwe Joan Littlewood omu kwakataano 1971 ogurikwetwa Murderous Angels, omuzaano gwa Conor Cruise O'Brien ogwabaire nigukwata aha buremeezi bwa Kongo.<ref name=":4">Gibbs, James. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/soyinka-wole-13-july-1934 Soyinka, Wole 1934–]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 September 2021. (Updated by [[:en:Tanure_Ojaide|Tanure Ojaide]].)</ref><ref>[[:en:Biodun_Jeyifo|Jeyifo, Biodun]] (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nwhlgrVqvYkC&q=%22Murderous+Angels%22%3D&pg=PR27 Chronology]". ''Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, and Postcolonialism''. Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;xxvii. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139439084|9781139439084]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri Paris, ebicweka kuruga omu muzaano gwa Soyinka ogurikumanywa munonga The Dance of The Forests bikazaanwa.<ref>Adenekan, Sulaiman (2016). "[https://www.tradenewswire.net/the-pride-of-africa-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-clocks-85-years-serving-humanity-poetically/ The Pride of Africa: Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka clocks 85 years serving humanity poeticall]y". ''Trade Newswire''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Omu 1972, ekitabo kye Season of Anomy hamwe na Collected Plays byona bikashohozibwa Oxford University Press. Ekihandiiko kye ky'ebirikumukwataho ekya The Man Died, ekirikurundaana ebi yaahandiikire omu kihome, nakyo kikashohozibwa omwaka ogwo.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/biographical/ Wole Soyinka | Biographical]", The Nobel Prize, 1986.</ref> Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Honoris Causa doctorate kuruga omu Yunivasite ya Leeds omuri 1973.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/honorary-degree/ Honorary Degree]", Leeds ''African Studies Bulletin'' 19 (November 1973), pp. 1–2. [Professor Soyinka receiving the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from the Chancellor, HRH the Duchess of Kent, on Thursday 17 May 1973 – image from 'Nobel Prize for Leeds Graduate', ''The Reporter'' (the University of Leeds), 258, 24 October 1986.]</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, National Theatre, London, ekashaba kandi yaatongoza omuzaano The Bacchae of Euripides,<ref name=":3" /> kandi emizaano ye Camwood on the Leaves na Jero's Metamorphosis nayo ekaba eri ey'okubanza kushohozibwa. Akamara omwaka gumwe nk'omugyenyi aha Churchill College, Cambridge<ref>Gumbel, Andrew (3 November 2005). "[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/03/theatre3 Wole Soyinka on how he came to write Death and the King's Horseman]". ''The Guardian''.</ref> (1973–74)<ref name=":4" /> kandi yaahandiika Death and the King's Horseman, ekyashomirwe omurundi gw'okubanza aha Churchill College.<ref name=":5" /> Omu 1974, Oxford University Press ekashohoza Soyinka's Collected Plays, Volume II. Akateeraho hamwe ekitabo kya 1975 Poems of Black Africa, ekyashohoziibwe nka kimwe ahakicweka kya Heinemann African Writers Series.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JtqywAEACAAJ Poems of Black Africa]'', Heinemann African Writers Series, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]. <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780435901714|9780435901714]]</bdi>.</ref> Kandi omuri 1975, Soyinka akakuzibwa yaaza aha ntebe y'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka Transition Magazine, akaabaire nikashangwa omu kibuga ekikuru ekya Ghana ekya Accra, ahu yaafurukiire.<ref name=":6" /> Akakoresa ebihandiiko bye omu magaziini kujumirira abo abarikusaasibwa munonga abairaguju (nk'eky'okureeberaho, ekicweka kye "Neo-Tarzanism: Eby'obutegyeki obwa Pseudo-Transition) hamwe n'obutegyeki bw'amahe. Akeesharinga ahabw'obutegyeki bw'amahe obwa Idi Amin omu Uganda. Bwanyima y'empindahinduka omu by'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria hamwe n'okuhenda gavumenti y'amahe eya Gowon omuri 1975, Soyinka akagaruka omu ihanga rye kandi yaagaruka omu mwanya gwe nka mukuru w'okugyeragyeranisa ebyahandiikirwe. omu Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref name=":6" /> === Okushomesa === Kuruga 1975 kuhisya 1999, Soyinka akaheereza nka Purofeesa w'ebitabo ebirikugyeragyeranisibwa aha Obafemi Awolowo University.[46] Omuri Amerika, akeegyesa aha Cornell University nk'omuhangu wa Goldwin Smith omu kwega aha Afirika hamwe n'eby'emizaano kuruga 1988 kuhisya 1991. == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == 05y1nvlfliadejxnqzbgcl12kmybyq2 7256310 7256308 2026-07-20T09:09:19Z Rooth N 2608660 7256310 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wp/nyn]] '''Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola] 2021, p.&#x20;34.</ref>''', a'''kazaarwa 13 Okwamushanju 1934) n'omuhandiiki Omunigeria, w'emizaano, kandi omuhandiiki w'ebitabo. Akahandiika ebitabo bishatu, by'ebitabo by'emigane mikye eikumi, ebitabo mushanju by'ebyevugo, ebitabo by'emizaano abiri na bitaano, hamwe n'ebitabo bitaano by'ebirikumukwataho.<ref name=":2">Gibbs, James (1986). ''Wole Soyinka''. Basingstoke: [[:en:Macmillan_Publishers|Macmillan]]. p.&#x20;3. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780333305287|9780333305287]]</bdi>.</ref> Ahandiikire ebitabo bibiri ebivunwirwe hamwe n'ebicweka bingi hamwe n'ebitebyo bikye bikye by'okuhandiikisa empapura z'amakuru hamwe n'ebitabo by'obwire bukye. Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel eky'omwaka 1986 omu by'obuhangwa ahabw'okugira ngu akaba naashwijuma "ebintu bingi ebirikukwata aha buhangwa hamwe n'orurimi rw'okwevuga ahabirikukwata aha kubaho kw'abantu".<ref>Abdullahi, Idowu (11 October 2024). "[https://punchng.com/nobel-laureate-award-exposed-me-to-danger-wole-soyinka/ Nobel Laureate award exposed me to danger]". ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Akazaarwa omu ka y'Abakurisitaayo Abayoruba omuri Aké, Abeokuta.<ref>"[https://dawncommission.org/professor-wole-soyinka/ Professor Wole Soyinka – DAWN Commission]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref><ref name=":0">"[https://wolesoyinkalecture.org/about-wole-soyinka-2/ About Wole Soyinka]". ''Wole Soyinka Lecture Series''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Soyinka akatunga obwegyese obw'okumutebeekanisa aha Government College, Ibadan kandi yaagyenda aha University College Ibadan. Omu bwire bw'obwegyese bwe, akatandikaho ekibiina kya Pyrate Confraternity.<ref name=":0" /> Soyinka akaruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza kwega aha Yunivasite ya Leeds. Omu bwire obwo, niwe yaabaire ari omuhandiiki w'akatabo ka yunivasite, The Eagle, atakabaire muhandiiki ow'obutwire omu myaka ya 1950.<ref>"[https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/wole-soyinka/ Wole Soyinka – Narrative Landscape Press]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Bungyereza, akatandika kuhandiika ebitebyo bigufu n'okukora ebihandiiko aha BBC Lecture series. Akahandiika emizaano mingi eyazaanairwe aha reediyo hamwe n'omu myanya y'emizaano omuri Nigeria hamwe na Bungyereza, okukira munonga Royal Court Theatre.<ref>"[https://livingarchive.royalcourttheatre.com/black-plays-1960s/ Black Plays 1960s]". ''Royal Court - Living Archive''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Ebitabo bya Soyinka bingi hamwe n'emizaano ye, nibiteebwaho omuri Nigeria, ekirikworeka ebyafaayo by'eihanga eryo, eby'obuhangwa, hamwe n'oburemeezi bw'eby'obutegyeki. Oyihireho emirimo egi, akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi ebirikujumiirira emitwarize mibi y'abantu omungyeri erikushetsya. Ebihandiiko ebi bikajanjaara omu bantu baingi kandi byakundwa munonga. Atungire obusinguzi n'emizaano ye, otwariiremu The Swamp Dwellers (1958), The Lion and the Jewel (1959), na The Invention (1957), omuzaano gumwe ahayabandize, ogwakoriirwe aha Royal Court Theatre. Soyinka ahandiikire ebitabo bingi, otwariiremu The Interpreters (1965), Season of Anomy (1973), Death and the King's Horseman, Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth (2021), na Harmattan Haze on an African Spring (2012). Omu Kwamushanju 2024, Bola Tinubu akahindura eiziina ry'ekishengye ky'emizaano ekya National Arts Theatre ahanyima ya Soyinka aha mazaarwa ge ag'emyaka 90. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Soyinka akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju 1934 omuri Ake, Abeokuta, Nigeria omu ka y'Abakristaayo ey'obuzaare bw'Abayoruba. Akaba ari owa kabiri omu baana mushanju[a] ba Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, omuheereza w'Abakuristayo kandi mukuru w'eishomero kuruga omu ruganda rw'obugabe orwa Isara-Remo[<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1988 Gibbs 1988], pp.&#x20;526.</ref> hamwe na Grace Soyinka (née Jenkins-Harrison), omushubuuzi kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe kuruga omu ruganda rwa Ransome-Kuti.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFMaduakor1986 Maduakor 1986], pp.&#x20;227.</ref> Nyina Grace hamwe n'ab'eka ye, aba Ransome-Kutis, bakaba bari ab'eka y'amaani omuri Nigeria<ref>Staff writer (9 May 2014). "[https://businessday.ng/family-and-relationships/article/great-dynasties-the-ransome-kutis/ Great Dynasties:The Ransome-Kutis]". ''[[:en:BusinessDay_(Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> abarikugambwaho nk'ekigarukwamu kya Nigeria aha ka ya Kennedy omuri United States. Owaabatandikireho, omusesorodooti w'Abakuristaayo J. J. Ransome-Kuti, akaba ari omuntu w'okubanza omu ihanga rye omu by'okushohoza ebyeshongoro omu myaka ya 1920.<ref>Sansom, Ian. "[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/11/fela-kuti-great-dynasties-ian-sansom Great Dynasties: The Ransome-Kutis]". ''theguardian.com''. Retrieved 17 January 2026.</ref> Kuruga 1940 kuhistya 1946, Soyinka akaba naashoma aha St. Peters Primary School, ahu ishe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eishomero.<ref>"[https://guardian.ng/art/genius-of-the-unconventional-and-the-patterning-of-dualities-wole-soyinkas-early-childhood-part-3/ Genius of the unconventional and the patterning of dualities: Wole Soyinka's early childhood]". ''T[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|he Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akashomera siniya ye Abeokuta Grammar School kandi okushoma kwe okw'okweteekateekyera Yunivasite aha Government College, Ibadan kuruga 1946 kuhisya 1951.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/soyinka-wole-1934/ Wole Soyinka (1934- )]". ''[[:en:BlackPast.org|BlackPast.org]]''. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akaheebwa omwanya omu University College Ibadan, ahu yaashomire ebyahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza, Orugriika, hamwe n'ebyafaayo by'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kuruga 1952 kuhisya 1954.<ref name=":1">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola 2021], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Omu myaka ye y'ahamuheru omu yunivasite, akahandiika omuzaano mugufu aha reediyo, Keffi's Birthday Treat, ogwashohwire omu Kwamushanju 1954 kuruga omu kitongore kya Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1980 Gibbs 1980], p.&#x20;21.</ref> Hamwe n'abeegi bagyenzi be otwariiremu Olumuyiwa Awẹ, Ralph Opara, Aig-Imoukhuede, na Pius Olegbe, akatandikaho ekibiina ekirikwetwa National Association of Seadogs, ekibiina ky'okubanza omuri Nigeria.<ref name=":1" /> Soyinka akafuruka kuruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza omuri 1954 kugumizamu n'emishomo ye omu byahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza aha Yunivasite ya Leeds arikureebererwa G. Wilson Knight.<ref>''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFEncyclopedia_Britannica2024 Encyclopedia Britannica]'' 2024.</ref> Okusharamu kw'okushoma aheeru y'eihanga omu bwire obwo obu okushoma diguri ya kabiri kyabaire kitarikubaho omuri Ibadan kikaba kiri kurabira omuri Joyce M. Green, omukazi Omungyereza owaizire omu University College, Ibadan kuruga Cambridge omuri 1950, kandi owaabaire ari omwe aha beegyesa ba Soyinka kandi owaabaire amuhaire ekihandiiko kirungi eky'okumugambaho omuri Leeds.<ref>Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi (28 July 2019). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/soyinkas-early-romance-with-england-1954-1959-a-cold-chapter-for-an-anti-form-rebel-part-1/ Soyinka's early romance with England 1954-1959: A cold chapter for an anti-form rebel]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 8 January 2026.</ref> Aha yunivasite ya Leeds, akaheereza nk'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka yunivasite akarikushetsya, The Eagle, omuri ako yaahandiika ekicweka aha magara g'eby'okushoma. Omu Kwamunaana 1955, akatandika kukwata ebyeshongoro aha BBC Lecture kandi yaahandiika ebitebyo bigufu nyingi. Omuri 1957, akasingura empaka z'okugamba ezirikubaho buri mwaka ezirikuteebwaho Yunivasite.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFLindfors1974 Lindfors 1974], pp.&#x20;471–486.</ref> == Emirimo == === 1957–1967: Omurimo gwe gw'okubanza === Soyinka akaguma omuri Leeds bwanyima y'okutunga diguri ye eya BA honours omu Rungyereza omuri 1957.<ref name=":2" /> Omu 1957, akatandika kuhandiika emizaano ye ey'okubanza, ''Swamp Dwellers'' na ''The Lion and the Jewel''. Soyinka akaza London kandi yaakora nk'omushomi w'emizaano aha Royal Court Theatre. Akebembera ekibiina kya Nigerian Drama Group ekyakozire The Swamp Dwellers omuri 1958. Omu bwire obwo, emizaano ye ebiri ekazaanwa omuri Ibadan, Nigeria. Omuri 1957, omuzaano gwe, The Invention, gukashohozibwa aha Royal Court Theatre omuri London, kandi gukaba guri omurimo gwe gw'okubanza aha.<ref>"Wole Soyinka". ''African Biography''. Detroit, MI: Gale (published 2 December 2006). 1999. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-2823-9|978-0-7876-2823-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akahandiika ebyevugo, otwariiremu "''The Immigrant''" hamwe na "''My Next Door Neighbour''", ebyareebekire omuri Black Orpheus. Omuri 1959, Soyinka akagaruka Nigeria bwanyima y'okutunga obuhwezi bwa Rockefeller Research Fellowship ahabw'okucondooza kwe aha by'emizaano ya Afirika. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe omwaka nigwo gumwe, akaza omu mwanya gwa Janheinz Jahn nk'omwe ahabahandiiki babiri bakuru ba Black Orpheus.<ref>Jacobs, Alan. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/trials-brother-jero The Trials Of Brother Jero]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu 1960, akamara omuzaano gwe ogwa reediyo Camwood on the Leaves, kandi n'omuzaano gwe ''The Trials of Brother Jero'' gukatongozibwa omu Mellanby Hall residence of University College Ibadan omu Kwakana 1960. Akakora ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Mask omu myaka ya 1960. Omuzaano gwe ogwa A Dance of The Forest, gukatongozibwa nk'omuzaano gw'eizooba ry'okwetegyeka kwa Nigeria, kandi ebiro 1 Okwaikumi 1960, gukatongozibwa omuri Lagos.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[[:en:BlackPast.org|Wole Soyinka (1934- )". ''BlackPast.org'']]. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Omuzaano gwa Soyinka ogw'okubanza ogurikwetwa My Father's Burden, gukaba nigwebemberwa Olusegun Olusola kandi gukaba nigworekwa aha Western Nigeria Television ebiro 6 Okwamunaana 1960.<ref>Uzoatu, Uzor Maxim (5 October 2013). "[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/146108-essential-soyinka-timeline-uzor-maxim-uzoatu.html The Essential Soyinka Timeline]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref> Omu 1962, Soyinka akahandiika ebihandiiko birikurwanirira okushoma n'okuhandiika omuri Nigeria omu bwire obwo otwariiremu "Death of the King's Horsemen" hamwe na "Towards a True Theater", ebyashohoziibwe omu Transition Magazine.<ref>Amayi, Zakayo (22 June 2013). "[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/standard-entertainment/article/2000086475/soyinkas-grumpy-battles-to-defend-literary-legacy Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's grumpy battles to defend literary legacy]". Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa aha Obafemi Awolowo University omuri Ifẹ. Omu 1963, firimu ye y'okubanza, Culture in Transition, ekashohozibwa. Soyinka akarekura omurimo gwe aha Yunivasite omuri 1964, nk'okwesharinga ahabw'emitwarize y'okushagika gavumenti eyateirweho ab'obushoborozi. Akagira ngu ab'obushoborozi omu yunivasite bakakwatanisa eitendekyero n'obutegyeki bwa Samuel Ladoke Akintola obwabaire butarikukundwa. Omu bwire obwo, akakora The Lion and the Jewel<ref>"[https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/critical-responses-to-african-theatre-wole-soyinkas-the-lion-and-the-jewel-by-professor-martin-banham/ Critical Responses to African Theatre: Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel by Professor Martin Banham | Black Plays Archive]". ''www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> omu siizoni y'emizaano omu Rungyereza na Yoruba hamwe n'okutandikaho The Orisun Theatre Company, guruupu ya theatre. Omu 1965, akakora omuzaano gwa gurikujumirira emitwarize mibi omungyeru erikushestya, ''Before the Blackout''.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/african-theatre-soyinka/ Review of African Theatre Soyinka: Blackout, Blowout and Beyond | Centre for African Studies (LUCAS)]". ''lucas.leeds.ac.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuzano gwe, Kongi's Harvest, gukatandika omu Kwamunaana omuri Lagos. Ebiro 14 September 1965, omuzaano gwe The Road gukatandika kworekwa omuri London aha Commonwealth Arts Festival hamwe na Theatre Royal Stratford East. Soyinka akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa mukuru aha Yunivasite ya Lagos. Juba, ekitabo kye ekisya The Interpreters kikashohozibwa André Deutsch omuri London. Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akakomwa omurundi gw'okubanza, yaajunaanwa okukwata reediyo aha mbundu akahindura akatambi k'ebigambo by'enganzi y'ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba n'akatambi akarikujunaana okwiba akaruuru. Akarekurwa bwanyima y'ameezi agamwe g'okukomwa ahabw'okwesharinga kw'abantu b'ensi yoona abahandiiki. Akahandiika n'ekitabo The Detainee, omuzaano gwa reediyo ogwashohozibwe BBC omuri London.<ref>Ezugwu, Obinna (19 July 2021). "[https://hallmarknews.com/salute-to-kongi-at-87/ Salute To Kongi At 87]". ''hallmarknews.com''. Retrieved 13 August 2022.</ref> === 1966–1968: Orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria === Bwanyima y'okuba Mukuru w'ekibiina ky'emizaano aha Yunivasite ya Ibadan, Soyinka akatandika kwejumba omu by'obutegyeki. Bwanyima y'amahe okuhamba obutegyeki omu kwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1966, akabugana omu kihama Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, gavana w'amahe ow'amashuuma g'oburugwa izooba bwa Nigeria omu kugyezaho okuzibira orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria.<ref>"[https://howng.com/professor-wole-soyinka-full-biographylife-and-news/ Professor Wole Soyinka Full Biography, Life And News]". ''howng.com''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Akaza n'omuri Ẹnugu, ahu yabugaine mugyenzi we Omuyoruba, Victor Banjọ, orikukora na gavumenti ya Biafra. Soyinka, owaashabire obushagiki bw'abeebembezi b'amahe omu kicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, akahitsya obutumwa bwa Banjo ahari Lieutenant Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo, owaabaire atoorainwe nk'omuduumizi w'amahe g'omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba. Omumwebazyo gw'akana, Soyinka agarukire omu mahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, amahe ga Biafra gakatahirira ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Bwanyima y'okutwara oburengyerwa-izooba, Soyinka akabugana Obasanjo kumugambira ekigyendererwa ky'Ababiafra ahabwokuba Obasanjo akaba yaacwiremu kwegaita aha gavumenti ya Nigeria. Kwonka okutahirira kwa Biafra ahagati yóburegyerwa eizooba kikarugamu okuhoorera okwakozirwe amahe ga gavumenti eya federo, kandi orutaro rw'omunda rukatandika. Obasanjo akashoboorora gavumenti ya Nigeria orukiiko rwe na Soyinka, yarangirira Soyinka nk'omuheekyera, n'ahabw'ekyo akakwatwa ab'obushoborozi bwa federo kandi yaakomwa kumara emyezi 22.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/07/27/wole.soyinka/index.html Wole Soyinka: Nigeria's Nobel Laureate]". ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. 1 August 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2026.</ref> Akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi n'byevugo arikujuumirira gavumenti ya Nigeria obu yaabaire ari omu kihome.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (2006), ''You Must Set Forth at Dawn'', p. 6.</ref> Omu kutandika kwa 1967, ebihandiiko bye Kongi’s Harvest na Idanre and Other Poems bikashohozibwa.<ref>"[https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/engp06/chapter/wole-soyinka-kongis-harvest/ Wole Soyinka, Kongi's Harvest – African & Caribbean Writing in English]". ''ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Ari na Tom Stoppard, akatunga ekirabo kya John Whiting omuri London. Akatooranwa kuba mukuru w'eishomero rya Drama, Yunivasite ya Ibadan kwonka akaremwa kutwara entebe egyo ahabw'okubohwa omu kwezi kwa munaana. N'obu araabe yaabaire ari omu kihome, omuzaano gwe ogurikwetwa The Lion and The Jewel gukagumizamu gwashohozibwa omuri Accra, Ghana omu Kwamwenda 1967. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Strong Breed bikashohozibwa aba Off-Broadway omu Greenwich Mews Theatre omuri New York City. Omuri 1968, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Jock Campbell-New Statesman Award. Ekibiina kya Negro Ensemble Company kikashohoza Kongi's Harvest aha St. Mark's Theatre, New York.<ref>"[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,838330,00.html Theater: Kongi's Harvest]". ''Time''. 26 April 1968. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X 0040-781X]. Retrieved 7 May 2022.</ref> Akavunuura D. O. Fagunwa's Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irunmale kuruga omu rurimi rwa Yoruba kuza omu Rungyereza. Kikashohozibwa nka The Forest of a Thousand Demons: A Hunter's Saga. === Okurekurwa n'okushohoza ebitabo. === Omu Okwaikumi 1969, emyezi mikye erikuburayo orutaro rw'omunda rukahwa, okusaasira kukarangirirwa, Soyinka hamwe n'abandi basibe b'eby'obutegyeki barekurwa.<ref>PEN America (16 April 2012). "[https://pen.org/case-histories-wole-soyinka/ Case Histories: Wole Soyinka]". ''PEN America''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omu myezi mikye y'okubanza bwanyima y'okurekurwa kwe, Soyinka akaguma aha faamu ya munywani we omu mashuuma ga Bufaransa, ahu yaasherwire kuhuumuraho wenka. Akahandiika The Bacchae of Euripides (1969), ekihandiiko kihindwiremu kushushana enfumu ya Pentheus.<ref name=":3">Killam and Rowe (eds), ''The Companion to African Literature'' (2000), p. 276.</ref> Kandi akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebyevugo omuri London, kikwetwa Poems from Prison. Aha muheru gw'omwaka, akagaruka omu ofiisi ye nk'orikukurira eby'emizaano omuri Ibadan.<ref name=":5">"[https://dailytrust.com/things-to-know-about-prof-wole-soyinka-at-89/ Things To Know About Prof Wole Soyinka At 89]". ''[[:en:Daily_Trust|Daily Trust]]''. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omu 1970, akashohoza omuzaano Kongi's Harvest, kandi omu bwire bumwe akaguhindura nk'omuzaano gwa firimu gw'eiziina niryo rimwe, Kongi's Harvest. Omu Kwamukaaga 1970, akamara omuzaano ogundi, ogurikwetwa Madmen and Specialists.<ref>Ajeluorou, Anote (25 July 2015). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/periscoping-a-senseless-war-in-madmen-and-specialists/ Periscoping A Senseless War In Madmen And Specialists]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</ref> Arikukoragana n'ekibiina ky'abazaani 15 ba Ibadan University Theatre Art Company, akagyenda United States, kureeba Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center omuri Waterford, Connecticut, ahu omuzaano gwe oguyabaire ahererukurieyo kuhandiika gwayorekirwe omurundi gwokubanza.[citation needed] Omu 1971, ekitabo kye ky'ebyevugo ekya A Shuttle in the Crypt kikashohozibwa. Madmen and Specialists kikashohozibwa omuri Ibadan omwaka ogwo.<ref>Lee, Christopher J. (25 March 2020). "[http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/reading-wole-soyinka-s-madmen-and-specialists-time-pandemic Reading Wole Soyinka's 'Madmen and Specialists' in a Time of Pandemic]". ''Warscapes''.</ref> Omu Kwakana 1971, ahabw'okwerarikirira aha mbeera y'eby'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria, Soyinka akarekura emirimo ye aha Yunivasite omuri Ibadan, kandi yaatandika emyaka mingi ayetwaire omubuzaahe. kuza omu buzaahe.<ref name=":6">Adegbamigbe, Ademola (13 July 2019). "[https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/07/13/soyinka-at-85-why-i-detained-him-for-2-years-during-civil-war-yakubu-gowon/ Soyinka at 85: 'Why I Detained Him for 2 Years During the Civil War' - Yakubu Gowon]". ''The NEWS''. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</ref> Soyinka akagyenda omuri Paris, Bufaransa, kutwara omurimo gw'okuzaana nka Patrice Lumumba, mukuru w'eihanga w'okubanza rya Repubulika ya Kongo owaisirwe, omu muzaano ogwashohozibwe Joan Littlewood omu kwakataano 1971 ogurikwetwa Murderous Angels, omuzaano gwa Conor Cruise O'Brien ogwabaire nigukwata aha buremeezi bwa Kongo.<ref name=":4">Gibbs, James. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/soyinka-wole-13-july-1934 Soyinka, Wole 1934–]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 September 2021. (Updated by [[:en:Tanure_Ojaide|Tanure Ojaide]].)</ref><ref>[[:en:Biodun_Jeyifo|Jeyifo, Biodun]] (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nwhlgrVqvYkC&q=%22Murderous+Angels%22%3D&pg=PR27 Chronology]". ''Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, and Postcolonialism''. Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;xxvii. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139439084|9781139439084]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri Paris, ebicweka kuruga omu muzaano gwa Soyinka ogurikumanywa munonga The Dance of The Forests bikazaanwa.<ref>Adenekan, Sulaiman (2016). "[https://www.tradenewswire.net/the-pride-of-africa-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-clocks-85-years-serving-humanity-poetically/ The Pride of Africa: Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka clocks 85 years serving humanity poeticall]y". ''Trade Newswire''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Omu 1972, ekitabo kye Season of Anomy hamwe na Collected Plays byona bikashohozibwa Oxford University Press. Ekihandiiko kye ky'ebirikumukwataho ekya The Man Died, ekirikurundaana ebi yaahandiikire omu kihome, nakyo kikashohozibwa omwaka ogwo.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/biographical/ Wole Soyinka | Biographical]", The Nobel Prize, 1986.</ref> Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Honoris Causa doctorate kuruga omu Yunivasite ya Leeds omuri 1973.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/honorary-degree/ Honorary Degree]", Leeds ''African Studies Bulletin'' 19 (November 1973), pp. 1–2. [Professor Soyinka receiving the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from the Chancellor, HRH the Duchess of Kent, on Thursday 17 May 1973 – image from 'Nobel Prize for Leeds Graduate', ''The Reporter'' (the University of Leeds), 258, 24 October 1986.]</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, National Theatre, London, ekashaba kandi yaatongoza omuzaano The Bacchae of Euripides,<ref name=":3" /> kandi emizaano ye Camwood on the Leaves na Jero's Metamorphosis nayo ekaba eri ey'okubanza kushohozibwa. Akamara omwaka gumwe nk'omugyenyi aha Churchill College, Cambridge<ref>Gumbel, Andrew (3 November 2005). "[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/03/theatre3 Wole Soyinka on how he came to write Death and the King's Horseman]". ''The Guardian''.</ref> (1973–74)<ref name=":4" /> kandi yaahandiika Death and the King's Horseman, ekyashomirwe omurundi gw'okubanza aha Churchill College.<ref name=":5" /> Omu 1974, Oxford University Press ekashohoza Soyinka's Collected Plays, Volume II. Akateeraho hamwe ekitabo kya 1975 Poems of Black Africa, ekyashohoziibwe nka kimwe ahakicweka kya Heinemann African Writers Series.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JtqywAEACAAJ Poems of Black Africa]'', Heinemann African Writers Series, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]. <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780435901714|9780435901714]]</bdi>.</ref> Kandi omuri 1975, Soyinka akakuzibwa yaaza aha ntebe y'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka Transition Magazine, akaabaire nikashangwa omu kibuga ekikuru ekya Ghana ekya Accra, ahu yaafurukiire.<ref name=":6" /> Akakoresa ebihandiiko bye omu magaziini kujumirira abo abarikusaasibwa munonga abairaguju (nk'eky'okureeberaho, ekicweka kye "Neo-Tarzanism: Eby'obutegyeki obwa Pseudo-Transition) hamwe n'obutegyeki bw'amahe. Akeesharinga ahabw'obutegyeki bw'amahe obwa Idi Amin omu Uganda. Bwanyima y'empindahinduka omu by'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria hamwe n'okuhenda gavumenti y'amahe eya Gowon omuri 1975, Soyinka akagaruka omu ihanga rye kandi yaagaruka omu mwanya gwe nka mukuru w'okugyeragyeranisa ebyahandiikirwe. omu Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref name=":6" /> === Okushomesa === Kuruga 1975 kuhisya 1999, Soyinka akaheereza nka Purofeesa w'ebitabo ebirikugyeragyeranisibwa aha Obafemi Awolowo University.[46] Omuri Amerika, akeegyesa aha Cornell University nk'omuhangu wa Goldwin Smith omu kwega aha Afirika hamwe n'eby'emizaano kuruga 1988 kuhisya 1991. Aha Yunivasite ya Emory, akatooranwa nka Robert W. Woodruff Purofeesa w'eby'emikono omuri 1996 kandi atwire ari Purofeesa w'okuhandiika omu Yunivasite ya Nevada, Las Vegas. == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == niwx0vut1lpp5i7kg4fepb9p8yn9vk0 7256311 7256310 2026-07-20T09:11:02Z Rooth N 2608660 7256311 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wp/nyn]] '''Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola] 2021, p.&#x20;34.</ref>''', a'''kazaarwa 13 Okwamushanju 1934) n'omuhandiiki Omunigeria, w'emizaano, kandi omuhandiiki w'ebitabo. Akahandiika ebitabo bishatu, by'ebitabo by'emigane mikye eikumi, ebitabo mushanju by'ebyevugo, ebitabo by'emizaano abiri na bitaano, hamwe n'ebitabo bitaano by'ebirikumukwataho.<ref name=":2">Gibbs, James (1986). ''Wole Soyinka''. Basingstoke: [[:en:Macmillan_Publishers|Macmillan]]. p.&#x20;3. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780333305287|9780333305287]]</bdi>.</ref> Ahandiikire ebitabo bibiri ebivunwirwe hamwe n'ebicweka bingi hamwe n'ebitebyo bikye bikye by'okuhandiikisa empapura z'amakuru hamwe n'ebitabo by'obwire bukye. Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel eky'omwaka 1986 omu by'obuhangwa ahabw'okugira ngu akaba naashwijuma "ebintu bingi ebirikukwata aha buhangwa hamwe n'orurimi rw'okwevuga ahabirikukwata aha kubaho kw'abantu".<ref>Abdullahi, Idowu (11 October 2024). "[https://punchng.com/nobel-laureate-award-exposed-me-to-danger-wole-soyinka/ Nobel Laureate award exposed me to danger]". ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Akazaarwa omu ka y'Abakurisitaayo Abayoruba omuri Aké, Abeokuta.<ref>"[https://dawncommission.org/professor-wole-soyinka/ Professor Wole Soyinka – DAWN Commission]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref><ref name=":0">"[https://wolesoyinkalecture.org/about-wole-soyinka-2/ About Wole Soyinka]". ''Wole Soyinka Lecture Series''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Soyinka akatunga obwegyese obw'okumutebeekanisa aha Government College, Ibadan kandi yaagyenda aha University College Ibadan. Omu bwire bw'obwegyese bwe, akatandikaho ekibiina kya Pyrate Confraternity.<ref name=":0" /> Soyinka akaruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza kwega aha Yunivasite ya Leeds. Omu bwire obwo, niwe yaabaire ari omuhandiiki w'akatabo ka yunivasite, The Eagle, atakabaire muhandiiki ow'obutwire omu myaka ya 1950.<ref>"[https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/wole-soyinka/ Wole Soyinka – Narrative Landscape Press]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Bungyereza, akatandika kuhandiika ebitebyo bigufu n'okukora ebihandiiko aha BBC Lecture series. Akahandiika emizaano mingi eyazaanairwe aha reediyo hamwe n'omu myanya y'emizaano omuri Nigeria hamwe na Bungyereza, okukira munonga Royal Court Theatre.<ref>"[https://livingarchive.royalcourttheatre.com/black-plays-1960s/ Black Plays 1960s]". ''Royal Court - Living Archive''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Ebitabo bya Soyinka bingi hamwe n'emizaano ye, nibiteebwaho omuri Nigeria, ekirikworeka ebyafaayo by'eihanga eryo, eby'obuhangwa, hamwe n'oburemeezi bw'eby'obutegyeki. Oyihireho emirimo egi, akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi ebirikujumiirira emitwarize mibi y'abantu omungyeri erikushetsya. Ebihandiiko ebi bikajanjaara omu bantu baingi kandi byakundwa munonga. Atungire obusinguzi n'emizaano ye, otwariiremu The Swamp Dwellers (1958), The Lion and the Jewel (1959), na The Invention (1957), omuzaano gumwe ahayabandize, ogwakoriirwe aha Royal Court Theatre. Soyinka ahandiikire ebitabo bingi, otwariiremu The Interpreters (1965), Season of Anomy (1973), Death and the King's Horseman, Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth (2021), na Harmattan Haze on an African Spring (2012). Omu Kwamushanju 2024, Bola Tinubu akahindura eiziina ry'ekishengye ky'emizaano ekya National Arts Theatre ahanyima ya Soyinka aha mazaarwa ge ag'emyaka 90. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Soyinka akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju 1934 omuri Ake, Abeokuta, Nigeria omu ka y'Abakristaayo ey'obuzaare bw'Abayoruba. Akaba ari owa kabiri omu baana mushanju[a] ba Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, omuheereza w'Abakuristayo kandi mukuru w'eishomero kuruga omu ruganda rw'obugabe orwa Isara-Remo[<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1988 Gibbs 1988], pp.&#x20;526.</ref> hamwe na Grace Soyinka (née Jenkins-Harrison), omushubuuzi kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe kuruga omu ruganda rwa Ransome-Kuti.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFMaduakor1986 Maduakor 1986], pp.&#x20;227.</ref> Nyina Grace hamwe n'ab'eka ye, aba Ransome-Kutis, bakaba bari ab'eka y'amaani omuri Nigeria<ref>Staff writer (9 May 2014). "[https://businessday.ng/family-and-relationships/article/great-dynasties-the-ransome-kutis/ Great Dynasties:The Ransome-Kutis]". ''[[:en:BusinessDay_(Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> abarikugambwaho nk'ekigarukwamu kya Nigeria aha ka ya Kennedy omuri United States. Owaabatandikireho, omusesorodooti w'Abakuristaayo J. J. Ransome-Kuti, akaba ari omuntu w'okubanza omu ihanga rye omu by'okushohoza ebyeshongoro omu myaka ya 1920.<ref>Sansom, Ian. "[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/11/fela-kuti-great-dynasties-ian-sansom Great Dynasties: The Ransome-Kutis]". ''theguardian.com''. Retrieved 17 January 2026.</ref> Kuruga 1940 kuhistya 1946, Soyinka akaba naashoma aha St. Peters Primary School, ahu ishe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eishomero.<ref>"[https://guardian.ng/art/genius-of-the-unconventional-and-the-patterning-of-dualities-wole-soyinkas-early-childhood-part-3/ Genius of the unconventional and the patterning of dualities: Wole Soyinka's early childhood]". ''T[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|he Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akashomera siniya ye Abeokuta Grammar School kandi okushoma kwe okw'okweteekateekyera Yunivasite aha Government College, Ibadan kuruga 1946 kuhisya 1951.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/soyinka-wole-1934/ Wole Soyinka (1934- )]". ''[[:en:BlackPast.org|BlackPast.org]]''. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akaheebwa omwanya omu University College Ibadan, ahu yaashomire ebyahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza, Orugriika, hamwe n'ebyafaayo by'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kuruga 1952 kuhisya 1954.<ref name=":1">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola 2021], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Omu myaka ye y'ahamuheru omu yunivasite, akahandiika omuzaano mugufu aha reediyo, Keffi's Birthday Treat, ogwashohwire omu Kwamushanju 1954 kuruga omu kitongore kya Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1980 Gibbs 1980], p.&#x20;21.</ref> Hamwe n'abeegi bagyenzi be otwariiremu Olumuyiwa Awẹ, Ralph Opara, Aig-Imoukhuede, na Pius Olegbe, akatandikaho ekibiina ekirikwetwa National Association of Seadogs, ekibiina ky'okubanza omuri Nigeria.<ref name=":1" /> Soyinka akafuruka kuruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza omuri 1954 kugumizamu n'emishomo ye omu byahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza aha Yunivasite ya Leeds arikureebererwa G. Wilson Knight.<ref>''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFEncyclopedia_Britannica2024 Encyclopedia Britannica]'' 2024.</ref> Okusharamu kw'okushoma aheeru y'eihanga omu bwire obwo obu okushoma diguri ya kabiri kyabaire kitarikubaho omuri Ibadan kikaba kiri kurabira omuri Joyce M. Green, omukazi Omungyereza owaizire omu University College, Ibadan kuruga Cambridge omuri 1950, kandi owaabaire ari omwe aha beegyesa ba Soyinka kandi owaabaire amuhaire ekihandiiko kirungi eky'okumugambaho omuri Leeds.<ref>Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi (28 July 2019). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/soyinkas-early-romance-with-england-1954-1959-a-cold-chapter-for-an-anti-form-rebel-part-1/ Soyinka's early romance with England 1954-1959: A cold chapter for an anti-form rebel]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 8 January 2026.</ref> Aha yunivasite ya Leeds, akaheereza nk'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka yunivasite akarikushetsya, The Eagle, omuri ako yaahandiika ekicweka aha magara g'eby'okushoma. Omu Kwamunaana 1955, akatandika kukwata ebyeshongoro aha BBC Lecture kandi yaahandiika ebitebyo bigufu nyingi. Omuri 1957, akasingura empaka z'okugamba ezirikubaho buri mwaka ezirikuteebwaho Yunivasite.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFLindfors1974 Lindfors 1974], pp.&#x20;471–486.</ref> == Emirimo == === 1957–1967: Omurimo gwe gw'okubanza === Soyinka akaguma omuri Leeds bwanyima y'okutunga diguri ye eya BA honours omu Rungyereza omuri 1957.<ref name=":2" /> Omu 1957, akatandika kuhandiika emizaano ye ey'okubanza, ''Swamp Dwellers'' na ''The Lion and the Jewel''. Soyinka akaza London kandi yaakora nk'omushomi w'emizaano aha Royal Court Theatre. Akebembera ekibiina kya Nigerian Drama Group ekyakozire The Swamp Dwellers omuri 1958. Omu bwire obwo, emizaano ye ebiri ekazaanwa omuri Ibadan, Nigeria. Omuri 1957, omuzaano gwe, The Invention, gukashohozibwa aha Royal Court Theatre omuri London, kandi gukaba guri omurimo gwe gw'okubanza aha.<ref>"Wole Soyinka". ''African Biography''. Detroit, MI: Gale (published 2 December 2006). 1999. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-2823-9|978-0-7876-2823-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akahandiika ebyevugo, otwariiremu "''The Immigrant''" hamwe na "''My Next Door Neighbour''", ebyareebekire omuri Black Orpheus. Omuri 1959, Soyinka akagaruka Nigeria bwanyima y'okutunga obuhwezi bwa Rockefeller Research Fellowship ahabw'okucondooza kwe aha by'emizaano ya Afirika. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe omwaka nigwo gumwe, akaza omu mwanya gwa Janheinz Jahn nk'omwe ahabahandiiki babiri bakuru ba Black Orpheus.<ref>Jacobs, Alan. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/trials-brother-jero The Trials Of Brother Jero]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu 1960, akamara omuzaano gwe ogwa reediyo Camwood on the Leaves, kandi n'omuzaano gwe ''The Trials of Brother Jero'' gukatongozibwa omu Mellanby Hall residence of University College Ibadan omu Kwakana 1960. Akakora ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Mask omu myaka ya 1960. Omuzaano gwe ogwa A Dance of The Forest, gukatongozibwa nk'omuzaano gw'eizooba ry'okwetegyeka kwa Nigeria, kandi ebiro 1 Okwaikumi 1960, gukatongozibwa omuri Lagos.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[[:en:BlackPast.org|Wole Soyinka (1934- )". ''BlackPast.org'']]. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Omuzaano gwa Soyinka ogw'okubanza ogurikwetwa My Father's Burden, gukaba nigwebemberwa Olusegun Olusola kandi gukaba nigworekwa aha Western Nigeria Television ebiro 6 Okwamunaana 1960.<ref>Uzoatu, Uzor Maxim (5 October 2013). "[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/146108-essential-soyinka-timeline-uzor-maxim-uzoatu.html The Essential Soyinka Timeline]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref> Omu 1962, Soyinka akahandiika ebihandiiko birikurwanirira okushoma n'okuhandiika omuri Nigeria omu bwire obwo otwariiremu "Death of the King's Horsemen" hamwe na "Towards a True Theater", ebyashohoziibwe omu Transition Magazine.<ref>Amayi, Zakayo (22 June 2013). "[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/standard-entertainment/article/2000086475/soyinkas-grumpy-battles-to-defend-literary-legacy Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's grumpy battles to defend literary legacy]". Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa aha Obafemi Awolowo University omuri Ifẹ. Omu 1963, firimu ye y'okubanza, Culture in Transition, ekashohozibwa. Soyinka akarekura omurimo gwe aha Yunivasite omuri 1964, nk'okwesharinga ahabw'emitwarize y'okushagika gavumenti eyateirweho ab'obushoborozi. Akagira ngu ab'obushoborozi omu yunivasite bakakwatanisa eitendekyero n'obutegyeki bwa Samuel Ladoke Akintola obwabaire butarikukundwa. Omu bwire obwo, akakora The Lion and the Jewel<ref>"[https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/critical-responses-to-african-theatre-wole-soyinkas-the-lion-and-the-jewel-by-professor-martin-banham/ Critical Responses to African Theatre: Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel by Professor Martin Banham | Black Plays Archive]". ''www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> omu siizoni y'emizaano omu Rungyereza na Yoruba hamwe n'okutandikaho The Orisun Theatre Company, guruupu ya theatre. Omu 1965, akakora omuzaano gwa gurikujumirira emitwarize mibi omungyeru erikushestya, ''Before the Blackout''.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/african-theatre-soyinka/ Review of African Theatre Soyinka: Blackout, Blowout and Beyond | Centre for African Studies (LUCAS)]". ''lucas.leeds.ac.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuzano gwe, Kongi's Harvest, gukatandika omu Kwamunaana omuri Lagos. Ebiro 14 September 1965, omuzaano gwe The Road gukatandika kworekwa omuri London aha Commonwealth Arts Festival hamwe na Theatre Royal Stratford East. Soyinka akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa mukuru aha Yunivasite ya Lagos. Juba, ekitabo kye ekisya The Interpreters kikashohozibwa André Deutsch omuri London. Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akakomwa omurundi gw'okubanza, yaajunaanwa okukwata reediyo aha mbundu akahindura akatambi k'ebigambo by'enganzi y'ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba n'akatambi akarikujunaana okwiba akaruuru. Akarekurwa bwanyima y'ameezi agamwe g'okukomwa ahabw'okwesharinga kw'abantu b'ensi yoona abahandiiki. Akahandiika n'ekitabo The Detainee, omuzaano gwa reediyo ogwashohozibwe BBC omuri London.<ref>Ezugwu, Obinna (19 July 2021). "[https://hallmarknews.com/salute-to-kongi-at-87/ Salute To Kongi At 87]". ''hallmarknews.com''. Retrieved 13 August 2022.</ref> === 1966–1968: Orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria === Bwanyima y'okuba Mukuru w'ekibiina ky'emizaano aha Yunivasite ya Ibadan, Soyinka akatandika kwejumba omu by'obutegyeki. Bwanyima y'amahe okuhamba obutegyeki omu kwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1966, akabugana omu kihama Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, gavana w'amahe ow'amashuuma g'oburugwa izooba bwa Nigeria omu kugyezaho okuzibira orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria.<ref>"[https://howng.com/professor-wole-soyinka-full-biographylife-and-news/ Professor Wole Soyinka Full Biography, Life And News]". ''howng.com''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Akaza n'omuri Ẹnugu, ahu yabugaine mugyenzi we Omuyoruba, Victor Banjọ, orikukora na gavumenti ya Biafra. Soyinka, owaashabire obushagiki bw'abeebembezi b'amahe omu kicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, akahitsya obutumwa bwa Banjo ahari Lieutenant Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo, owaabaire atoorainwe nk'omuduumizi w'amahe g'omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba. Omumwebazyo gw'akana, Soyinka agarukire omu mahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, amahe ga Biafra gakatahirira ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Bwanyima y'okutwara oburengyerwa-izooba, Soyinka akabugana Obasanjo kumugambira ekigyendererwa ky'Ababiafra ahabwokuba Obasanjo akaba yaacwiremu kwegaita aha gavumenti ya Nigeria. Kwonka okutahirira kwa Biafra ahagati yóburegyerwa eizooba kikarugamu okuhoorera okwakozirwe amahe ga gavumenti eya federo, kandi orutaro rw'omunda rukatandika. Obasanjo akashoboorora gavumenti ya Nigeria orukiiko rwe na Soyinka, yarangirira Soyinka nk'omuheekyera, n'ahabw'ekyo akakwatwa ab'obushoborozi bwa federo kandi yaakomwa kumara emyezi 22.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/07/27/wole.soyinka/index.html Wole Soyinka: Nigeria's Nobel Laureate]". ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. 1 August 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2026.</ref> Akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi n'byevugo arikujuumirira gavumenti ya Nigeria obu yaabaire ari omu kihome.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (2006), ''You Must Set Forth at Dawn'', p. 6.</ref> Omu kutandika kwa 1967, ebihandiiko bye Kongi’s Harvest na Idanre and Other Poems bikashohozibwa.<ref>"[https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/engp06/chapter/wole-soyinka-kongis-harvest/ Wole Soyinka, Kongi's Harvest – African & Caribbean Writing in English]". ''ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Ari na Tom Stoppard, akatunga ekirabo kya John Whiting omuri London. Akatooranwa kuba mukuru w'eishomero rya Drama, Yunivasite ya Ibadan kwonka akaremwa kutwara entebe egyo ahabw'okubohwa omu kwezi kwa munaana. N'obu araabe yaabaire ari omu kihome, omuzaano gwe ogurikwetwa The Lion and The Jewel gukagumizamu gwashohozibwa omuri Accra, Ghana omu Kwamwenda 1967. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Strong Breed bikashohozibwa aba Off-Broadway omu Greenwich Mews Theatre omuri New York City. Omuri 1968, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Jock Campbell-New Statesman Award. Ekibiina kya Negro Ensemble Company kikashohoza Kongi's Harvest aha St. Mark's Theatre, New York.<ref>"[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,838330,00.html Theater: Kongi's Harvest]". ''Time''. 26 April 1968. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X 0040-781X]. Retrieved 7 May 2022.</ref> Akavunuura D. O. Fagunwa's Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irunmale kuruga omu rurimi rwa Yoruba kuza omu Rungyereza. Kikashohozibwa nka The Forest of a Thousand Demons: A Hunter's Saga. === Okurekurwa n'okushohoza ebitabo. === Omu Okwaikumi 1969, emyezi mikye erikuburayo orutaro rw'omunda rukahwa, okusaasira kukarangirirwa, Soyinka hamwe n'abandi basibe b'eby'obutegyeki barekurwa.<ref>PEN America (16 April 2012). "[https://pen.org/case-histories-wole-soyinka/ Case Histories: Wole Soyinka]". ''PEN America''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omu myezi mikye y'okubanza bwanyima y'okurekurwa kwe, Soyinka akaguma aha faamu ya munywani we omu mashuuma ga Bufaransa, ahu yaasherwire kuhuumuraho wenka. Akahandiika The Bacchae of Euripides (1969), ekihandiiko kihindwiremu kushushana enfumu ya Pentheus.<ref name=":3">Killam and Rowe (eds), ''The Companion to African Literature'' (2000), p. 276.</ref> Kandi akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebyevugo omuri London, kikwetwa Poems from Prison. Aha muheru gw'omwaka, akagaruka omu ofiisi ye nk'orikukurira eby'emizaano omuri Ibadan.<ref name=":5">"[https://dailytrust.com/things-to-know-about-prof-wole-soyinka-at-89/ Things To Know About Prof Wole Soyinka At 89]". ''[[:en:Daily_Trust|Daily Trust]]''. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omu 1970, akashohoza omuzaano Kongi's Harvest, kandi omu bwire bumwe akaguhindura nk'omuzaano gwa firimu gw'eiziina niryo rimwe, Kongi's Harvest. Omu Kwamukaaga 1970, akamara omuzaano ogundi, ogurikwetwa Madmen and Specialists.<ref>Ajeluorou, Anote (25 July 2015). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/periscoping-a-senseless-war-in-madmen-and-specialists/ Periscoping A Senseless War In Madmen And Specialists]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</ref> Arikukoragana n'ekibiina ky'abazaani 15 ba Ibadan University Theatre Art Company, akagyenda United States, kureeba Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center omuri Waterford, Connecticut, ahu omuzaano gwe oguyabaire ahererukurieyo kuhandiika gwayorekirwe omurundi gwokubanza.[citation needed] Omu 1971, ekitabo kye ky'ebyevugo ekya A Shuttle in the Crypt kikashohozibwa. Madmen and Specialists kikashohozibwa omuri Ibadan omwaka ogwo.<ref>Lee, Christopher J. (25 March 2020). "[http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/reading-wole-soyinka-s-madmen-and-specialists-time-pandemic Reading Wole Soyinka's 'Madmen and Specialists' in a Time of Pandemic]". ''Warscapes''.</ref> Omu Kwakana 1971, ahabw'okwerarikirira aha mbeera y'eby'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria, Soyinka akarekura emirimo ye aha Yunivasite omuri Ibadan, kandi yaatandika emyaka mingi ayetwaire omubuzaahe. kuza omu buzaahe.<ref name=":6">Adegbamigbe, Ademola (13 July 2019). "[https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/07/13/soyinka-at-85-why-i-detained-him-for-2-years-during-civil-war-yakubu-gowon/ Soyinka at 85: 'Why I Detained Him for 2 Years During the Civil War' - Yakubu Gowon]". ''The NEWS''. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</ref> Soyinka akagyenda omuri Paris, Bufaransa, kutwara omurimo gw'okuzaana nka Patrice Lumumba, mukuru w'eihanga w'okubanza rya Repubulika ya Kongo owaisirwe, omu muzaano ogwashohozibwe Joan Littlewood omu kwakataano 1971 ogurikwetwa Murderous Angels, omuzaano gwa Conor Cruise O'Brien ogwabaire nigukwata aha buremeezi bwa Kongo.<ref name=":4">Gibbs, James. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/soyinka-wole-13-july-1934 Soyinka, Wole 1934–]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 September 2021. (Updated by [[:en:Tanure_Ojaide|Tanure Ojaide]].)</ref><ref>[[:en:Biodun_Jeyifo|Jeyifo, Biodun]] (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nwhlgrVqvYkC&q=%22Murderous+Angels%22%3D&pg=PR27 Chronology]". ''Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, and Postcolonialism''. Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;xxvii. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139439084|9781139439084]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri Paris, ebicweka kuruga omu muzaano gwa Soyinka ogurikumanywa munonga The Dance of The Forests bikazaanwa.<ref>Adenekan, Sulaiman (2016). "[https://www.tradenewswire.net/the-pride-of-africa-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-clocks-85-years-serving-humanity-poetically/ The Pride of Africa: Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka clocks 85 years serving humanity poeticall]y". ''Trade Newswire''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Omu 1972, ekitabo kye Season of Anomy hamwe na Collected Plays byona bikashohozibwa Oxford University Press. Ekihandiiko kye ky'ebirikumukwataho ekya The Man Died, ekirikurundaana ebi yaahandiikire omu kihome, nakyo kikashohozibwa omwaka ogwo.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/biographical/ Wole Soyinka | Biographical]", The Nobel Prize, 1986.</ref> Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Honoris Causa doctorate kuruga omu Yunivasite ya Leeds omuri 1973.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/honorary-degree/ Honorary Degree]", Leeds ''African Studies Bulletin'' 19 (November 1973), pp. 1–2. [Professor Soyinka receiving the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from the Chancellor, HRH the Duchess of Kent, on Thursday 17 May 1973 – image from 'Nobel Prize for Leeds Graduate', ''The Reporter'' (the University of Leeds), 258, 24 October 1986.]</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, National Theatre, London, ekashaba kandi yaatongoza omuzaano The Bacchae of Euripides,<ref name=":3" /> kandi emizaano ye Camwood on the Leaves na Jero's Metamorphosis nayo ekaba eri ey'okubanza kushohozibwa. Akamara omwaka gumwe nk'omugyenyi aha Churchill College, Cambridge<ref>Gumbel, Andrew (3 November 2005). "[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/03/theatre3 Wole Soyinka on how he came to write Death and the King's Horseman]". ''The Guardian''.</ref> (1973–74)<ref name=":4" /> kandi yaahandiika Death and the King's Horseman, ekyashomirwe omurundi gw'okubanza aha Churchill College.<ref name=":5" /> Omu 1974, Oxford University Press ekashohoza Soyinka's Collected Plays, Volume II. Akateeraho hamwe ekitabo kya 1975 Poems of Black Africa, ekyashohoziibwe nka kimwe ahakicweka kya Heinemann African Writers Series.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JtqywAEACAAJ Poems of Black Africa]'', Heinemann African Writers Series, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]. <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780435901714|9780435901714]]</bdi>.</ref> Kandi omuri 1975, Soyinka akakuzibwa yaaza aha ntebe y'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka Transition Magazine, akaabaire nikashangwa omu kibuga ekikuru ekya Ghana ekya Accra, ahu yaafurukiire.<ref name=":6" /> Akakoresa ebihandiiko bye omu magaziini kujumirira abo abarikusaasibwa munonga abairaguju (nk'eky'okureeberaho, ekicweka kye "Neo-Tarzanism: Eby'obutegyeki obwa Pseudo-Transition) hamwe n'obutegyeki bw'amahe. Akeesharinga ahabw'obutegyeki bw'amahe obwa Idi Amin omu Uganda. Bwanyima y'empindahinduka omu by'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria hamwe n'okuhenda gavumenti y'amahe eya Gowon omuri 1975, Soyinka akagaruka omu ihanga rye kandi yaagaruka omu mwanya gwe nka mukuru w'okugyeragyeranisa ebyahandiikirwe. omu Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref name=":6" /> === Okushomesa === Kuruga 1975 kuhisya 1999, Soyinka akaheereza nka Purofeesa w'ebitabo ebirikugyeragyeranisibwa aha Obafemi Awolowo University.[46] Omuri Amerika, akeegyesa aha Cornell University nk'omuhangu wa Goldwin Smith omu kwega aha Afirika hamwe n'eby'emizaano kuruga 1988 kuhisya 1991. Aha Yunivasite ya Emory, akatooranwa nka Robert W. Woodruff Purofeesa w'eby'emikono omuri 1996 kandi atwire ari Purofeesa w'okuhandiika omu Yunivasite ya Nevada, Las Vegas. Soyinka akaheereza scholar-in-residence omu Institute of African American Affairs eya New York University hamwe na Loyola Marymount University omuri Los Angeles, California. == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == 8guf1i4y8wooctxp4mmwxff1wiwbp2h 7256312 7256311 2026-07-20T09:12:09Z Rooth N 2608660 7256312 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wp/nyn]] '''Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola] 2021, p.&#x20;34.</ref>''', a'''kazaarwa 13 Okwamushanju 1934) n'omuhandiiki Omunigeria, w'emizaano, kandi omuhandiiki w'ebitabo. Akahandiika ebitabo bishatu, by'ebitabo by'emigane mikye eikumi, ebitabo mushanju by'ebyevugo, ebitabo by'emizaano abiri na bitaano, hamwe n'ebitabo bitaano by'ebirikumukwataho.<ref name=":2">Gibbs, James (1986). ''Wole Soyinka''. Basingstoke: [[:en:Macmillan_Publishers|Macmillan]]. p.&#x20;3. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780333305287|9780333305287]]</bdi>.</ref> Ahandiikire ebitabo bibiri ebivunwirwe hamwe n'ebicweka bingi hamwe n'ebitebyo bikye bikye by'okuhandiikisa empapura z'amakuru hamwe n'ebitabo by'obwire bukye. Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel eky'omwaka 1986 omu by'obuhangwa ahabw'okugira ngu akaba naashwijuma "ebintu bingi ebirikukwata aha buhangwa hamwe n'orurimi rw'okwevuga ahabirikukwata aha kubaho kw'abantu".<ref>Abdullahi, Idowu (11 October 2024). "[https://punchng.com/nobel-laureate-award-exposed-me-to-danger-wole-soyinka/ Nobel Laureate award exposed me to danger]". ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Akazaarwa omu ka y'Abakurisitaayo Abayoruba omuri Aké, Abeokuta.<ref>"[https://dawncommission.org/professor-wole-soyinka/ Professor Wole Soyinka – DAWN Commission]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref><ref name=":0">"[https://wolesoyinkalecture.org/about-wole-soyinka-2/ About Wole Soyinka]". ''Wole Soyinka Lecture Series''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Soyinka akatunga obwegyese obw'okumutebeekanisa aha Government College, Ibadan kandi yaagyenda aha University College Ibadan. Omu bwire bw'obwegyese bwe, akatandikaho ekibiina kya Pyrate Confraternity.<ref name=":0" /> Soyinka akaruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza kwega aha Yunivasite ya Leeds. Omu bwire obwo, niwe yaabaire ari omuhandiiki w'akatabo ka yunivasite, The Eagle, atakabaire muhandiiki ow'obutwire omu myaka ya 1950.<ref>"[https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/wole-soyinka/ Wole Soyinka – Narrative Landscape Press]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Bungyereza, akatandika kuhandiika ebitebyo bigufu n'okukora ebihandiiko aha BBC Lecture series. Akahandiika emizaano mingi eyazaanairwe aha reediyo hamwe n'omu myanya y'emizaano omuri Nigeria hamwe na Bungyereza, okukira munonga Royal Court Theatre.<ref>"[https://livingarchive.royalcourttheatre.com/black-plays-1960s/ Black Plays 1960s]". ''Royal Court - Living Archive''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Ebitabo bya Soyinka bingi hamwe n'emizaano ye, nibiteebwaho omuri Nigeria, ekirikworeka ebyafaayo by'eihanga eryo, eby'obuhangwa, hamwe n'oburemeezi bw'eby'obutegyeki. Oyihireho emirimo egi, akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi ebirikujumiirira emitwarize mibi y'abantu omungyeri erikushetsya. Ebihandiiko ebi bikajanjaara omu bantu baingi kandi byakundwa munonga. Atungire obusinguzi n'emizaano ye, otwariiremu The Swamp Dwellers (1958), The Lion and the Jewel (1959), na The Invention (1957), omuzaano gumwe ahayabandize, ogwakoriirwe aha Royal Court Theatre. Soyinka ahandiikire ebitabo bingi, otwariiremu The Interpreters (1965), Season of Anomy (1973), Death and the King's Horseman, Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth (2021), na Harmattan Haze on an African Spring (2012). Omu Kwamushanju 2024, Bola Tinubu akahindura eiziina ry'ekishengye ky'emizaano ekya National Arts Theatre ahanyima ya Soyinka aha mazaarwa ge ag'emyaka 90. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Soyinka akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju 1934 omuri Ake, Abeokuta, Nigeria omu ka y'Abakristaayo ey'obuzaare bw'Abayoruba. Akaba ari owa kabiri omu baana mushanju[a] ba Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, omuheereza w'Abakuristayo kandi mukuru w'eishomero kuruga omu ruganda rw'obugabe orwa Isara-Remo[<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1988 Gibbs 1988], pp.&#x20;526.</ref> hamwe na Grace Soyinka (née Jenkins-Harrison), omushubuuzi kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe kuruga omu ruganda rwa Ransome-Kuti.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFMaduakor1986 Maduakor 1986], pp.&#x20;227.</ref> Nyina Grace hamwe n'ab'eka ye, aba Ransome-Kutis, bakaba bari ab'eka y'amaani omuri Nigeria<ref>Staff writer (9 May 2014). "[https://businessday.ng/family-and-relationships/article/great-dynasties-the-ransome-kutis/ Great Dynasties:The Ransome-Kutis]". ''[[:en:BusinessDay_(Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> abarikugambwaho nk'ekigarukwamu kya Nigeria aha ka ya Kennedy omuri United States. Owaabatandikireho, omusesorodooti w'Abakuristaayo J. J. Ransome-Kuti, akaba ari omuntu w'okubanza omu ihanga rye omu by'okushohoza ebyeshongoro omu myaka ya 1920.<ref>Sansom, Ian. "[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/11/fela-kuti-great-dynasties-ian-sansom Great Dynasties: The Ransome-Kutis]". ''theguardian.com''. Retrieved 17 January 2026.</ref> Kuruga 1940 kuhistya 1946, Soyinka akaba naashoma aha St. Peters Primary School, ahu ishe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eishomero.<ref>"[https://guardian.ng/art/genius-of-the-unconventional-and-the-patterning-of-dualities-wole-soyinkas-early-childhood-part-3/ Genius of the unconventional and the patterning of dualities: Wole Soyinka's early childhood]". ''T[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|he Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akashomera siniya ye Abeokuta Grammar School kandi okushoma kwe okw'okweteekateekyera Yunivasite aha Government College, Ibadan kuruga 1946 kuhisya 1951.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/soyinka-wole-1934/ Wole Soyinka (1934- )]". ''[[:en:BlackPast.org|BlackPast.org]]''. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akaheebwa omwanya omu University College Ibadan, ahu yaashomire ebyahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza, Orugriika, hamwe n'ebyafaayo by'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kuruga 1952 kuhisya 1954.<ref name=":1">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola 2021], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Omu myaka ye y'ahamuheru omu yunivasite, akahandiika omuzaano mugufu aha reediyo, Keffi's Birthday Treat, ogwashohwire omu Kwamushanju 1954 kuruga omu kitongore kya Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1980 Gibbs 1980], p.&#x20;21.</ref> Hamwe n'abeegi bagyenzi be otwariiremu Olumuyiwa Awẹ, Ralph Opara, Aig-Imoukhuede, na Pius Olegbe, akatandikaho ekibiina ekirikwetwa National Association of Seadogs, ekibiina ky'okubanza omuri Nigeria.<ref name=":1" /> Soyinka akafuruka kuruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza omuri 1954 kugumizamu n'emishomo ye omu byahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza aha Yunivasite ya Leeds arikureebererwa G. Wilson Knight.<ref>''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFEncyclopedia_Britannica2024 Encyclopedia Britannica]'' 2024.</ref> Okusharamu kw'okushoma aheeru y'eihanga omu bwire obwo obu okushoma diguri ya kabiri kyabaire kitarikubaho omuri Ibadan kikaba kiri kurabira omuri Joyce M. Green, omukazi Omungyereza owaizire omu University College, Ibadan kuruga Cambridge omuri 1950, kandi owaabaire ari omwe aha beegyesa ba Soyinka kandi owaabaire amuhaire ekihandiiko kirungi eky'okumugambaho omuri Leeds.<ref>Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi (28 July 2019). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/soyinkas-early-romance-with-england-1954-1959-a-cold-chapter-for-an-anti-form-rebel-part-1/ Soyinka's early romance with England 1954-1959: A cold chapter for an anti-form rebel]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 8 January 2026.</ref> Aha yunivasite ya Leeds, akaheereza nk'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka yunivasite akarikushetsya, The Eagle, omuri ako yaahandiika ekicweka aha magara g'eby'okushoma. Omu Kwamunaana 1955, akatandika kukwata ebyeshongoro aha BBC Lecture kandi yaahandiika ebitebyo bigufu nyingi. Omuri 1957, akasingura empaka z'okugamba ezirikubaho buri mwaka ezirikuteebwaho Yunivasite.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFLindfors1974 Lindfors 1974], pp.&#x20;471–486.</ref> == Emirimo == === 1957–1967: Omurimo gwe gw'okubanza === Soyinka akaguma omuri Leeds bwanyima y'okutunga diguri ye eya BA honours omu Rungyereza omuri 1957.<ref name=":2" /> Omu 1957, akatandika kuhandiika emizaano ye ey'okubanza, ''Swamp Dwellers'' na ''The Lion and the Jewel''. Soyinka akaza London kandi yaakora nk'omushomi w'emizaano aha Royal Court Theatre. Akebembera ekibiina kya Nigerian Drama Group ekyakozire The Swamp Dwellers omuri 1958. Omu bwire obwo, emizaano ye ebiri ekazaanwa omuri Ibadan, Nigeria. Omuri 1957, omuzaano gwe, The Invention, gukashohozibwa aha Royal Court Theatre omuri London, kandi gukaba guri omurimo gwe gw'okubanza aha.<ref>"Wole Soyinka". ''African Biography''. Detroit, MI: Gale (published 2 December 2006). 1999. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-2823-9|978-0-7876-2823-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akahandiika ebyevugo, otwariiremu "''The Immigrant''" hamwe na "''My Next Door Neighbour''", ebyareebekire omuri Black Orpheus. Omuri 1959, Soyinka akagaruka Nigeria bwanyima y'okutunga obuhwezi bwa Rockefeller Research Fellowship ahabw'okucondooza kwe aha by'emizaano ya Afirika. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe omwaka nigwo gumwe, akaza omu mwanya gwa Janheinz Jahn nk'omwe ahabahandiiki babiri bakuru ba Black Orpheus.<ref>Jacobs, Alan. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/trials-brother-jero The Trials Of Brother Jero]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu 1960, akamara omuzaano gwe ogwa reediyo Camwood on the Leaves, kandi n'omuzaano gwe ''The Trials of Brother Jero'' gukatongozibwa omu Mellanby Hall residence of University College Ibadan omu Kwakana 1960. Akakora ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Mask omu myaka ya 1960. Omuzaano gwe ogwa A Dance of The Forest, gukatongozibwa nk'omuzaano gw'eizooba ry'okwetegyeka kwa Nigeria, kandi ebiro 1 Okwaikumi 1960, gukatongozibwa omuri Lagos.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[[:en:BlackPast.org|Wole Soyinka (1934- )". ''BlackPast.org'']]. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Omuzaano gwa Soyinka ogw'okubanza ogurikwetwa My Father's Burden, gukaba nigwebemberwa Olusegun Olusola kandi gukaba nigworekwa aha Western Nigeria Television ebiro 6 Okwamunaana 1960.<ref>Uzoatu, Uzor Maxim (5 October 2013). "[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/146108-essential-soyinka-timeline-uzor-maxim-uzoatu.html The Essential Soyinka Timeline]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref> Omu 1962, Soyinka akahandiika ebihandiiko birikurwanirira okushoma n'okuhandiika omuri Nigeria omu bwire obwo otwariiremu "Death of the King's Horsemen" hamwe na "Towards a True Theater", ebyashohoziibwe omu Transition Magazine.<ref>Amayi, Zakayo (22 June 2013). "[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/standard-entertainment/article/2000086475/soyinkas-grumpy-battles-to-defend-literary-legacy Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's grumpy battles to defend literary legacy]". Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa aha Obafemi Awolowo University omuri Ifẹ. Omu 1963, firimu ye y'okubanza, Culture in Transition, ekashohozibwa. Soyinka akarekura omurimo gwe aha Yunivasite omuri 1964, nk'okwesharinga ahabw'emitwarize y'okushagika gavumenti eyateirweho ab'obushoborozi. Akagira ngu ab'obushoborozi omu yunivasite bakakwatanisa eitendekyero n'obutegyeki bwa Samuel Ladoke Akintola obwabaire butarikukundwa. Omu bwire obwo, akakora The Lion and the Jewel<ref>"[https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/critical-responses-to-african-theatre-wole-soyinkas-the-lion-and-the-jewel-by-professor-martin-banham/ Critical Responses to African Theatre: Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel by Professor Martin Banham | Black Plays Archive]". ''www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> omu siizoni y'emizaano omu Rungyereza na Yoruba hamwe n'okutandikaho The Orisun Theatre Company, guruupu ya theatre. Omu 1965, akakora omuzaano gwa gurikujumirira emitwarize mibi omungyeru erikushestya, ''Before the Blackout''.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/african-theatre-soyinka/ Review of African Theatre Soyinka: Blackout, Blowout and Beyond | Centre for African Studies (LUCAS)]". ''lucas.leeds.ac.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuzano gwe, Kongi's Harvest, gukatandika omu Kwamunaana omuri Lagos. Ebiro 14 September 1965, omuzaano gwe The Road gukatandika kworekwa omuri London aha Commonwealth Arts Festival hamwe na Theatre Royal Stratford East. Soyinka akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa mukuru aha Yunivasite ya Lagos. Juba, ekitabo kye ekisya The Interpreters kikashohozibwa André Deutsch omuri London. Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akakomwa omurundi gw'okubanza, yaajunaanwa okukwata reediyo aha mbundu akahindura akatambi k'ebigambo by'enganzi y'ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba n'akatambi akarikujunaana okwiba akaruuru. Akarekurwa bwanyima y'ameezi agamwe g'okukomwa ahabw'okwesharinga kw'abantu b'ensi yoona abahandiiki. Akahandiika n'ekitabo The Detainee, omuzaano gwa reediyo ogwashohozibwe BBC omuri London.<ref>Ezugwu, Obinna (19 July 2021). "[https://hallmarknews.com/salute-to-kongi-at-87/ Salute To Kongi At 87]". ''hallmarknews.com''. Retrieved 13 August 2022.</ref> === 1966–1968: Orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria === Bwanyima y'okuba Mukuru w'ekibiina ky'emizaano aha Yunivasite ya Ibadan, Soyinka akatandika kwejumba omu by'obutegyeki. Bwanyima y'amahe okuhamba obutegyeki omu kwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1966, akabugana omu kihama Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, gavana w'amahe ow'amashuuma g'oburugwa izooba bwa Nigeria omu kugyezaho okuzibira orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria.<ref>"[https://howng.com/professor-wole-soyinka-full-biographylife-and-news/ Professor Wole Soyinka Full Biography, Life And News]". ''howng.com''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Akaza n'omuri Ẹnugu, ahu yabugaine mugyenzi we Omuyoruba, Victor Banjọ, orikukora na gavumenti ya Biafra. Soyinka, owaashabire obushagiki bw'abeebembezi b'amahe omu kicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, akahitsya obutumwa bwa Banjo ahari Lieutenant Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo, owaabaire atoorainwe nk'omuduumizi w'amahe g'omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba. Omumwebazyo gw'akana, Soyinka agarukire omu mahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, amahe ga Biafra gakatahirira ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Bwanyima y'okutwara oburengyerwa-izooba, Soyinka akabugana Obasanjo kumugambira ekigyendererwa ky'Ababiafra ahabwokuba Obasanjo akaba yaacwiremu kwegaita aha gavumenti ya Nigeria. Kwonka okutahirira kwa Biafra ahagati yóburegyerwa eizooba kikarugamu okuhoorera okwakozirwe amahe ga gavumenti eya federo, kandi orutaro rw'omunda rukatandika. Obasanjo akashoboorora gavumenti ya Nigeria orukiiko rwe na Soyinka, yarangirira Soyinka nk'omuheekyera, n'ahabw'ekyo akakwatwa ab'obushoborozi bwa federo kandi yaakomwa kumara emyezi 22.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/07/27/wole.soyinka/index.html Wole Soyinka: Nigeria's Nobel Laureate]". ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. 1 August 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2026.</ref> Akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi n'byevugo arikujuumirira gavumenti ya Nigeria obu yaabaire ari omu kihome.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (2006), ''You Must Set Forth at Dawn'', p. 6.</ref> Omu kutandika kwa 1967, ebihandiiko bye Kongi’s Harvest na Idanre and Other Poems bikashohozibwa.<ref>"[https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/engp06/chapter/wole-soyinka-kongis-harvest/ Wole Soyinka, Kongi's Harvest – African & Caribbean Writing in English]". ''ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Ari na Tom Stoppard, akatunga ekirabo kya John Whiting omuri London. Akatooranwa kuba mukuru w'eishomero rya Drama, Yunivasite ya Ibadan kwonka akaremwa kutwara entebe egyo ahabw'okubohwa omu kwezi kwa munaana. N'obu araabe yaabaire ari omu kihome, omuzaano gwe ogurikwetwa The Lion and The Jewel gukagumizamu gwashohozibwa omuri Accra, Ghana omu Kwamwenda 1967. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Strong Breed bikashohozibwa aba Off-Broadway omu Greenwich Mews Theatre omuri New York City. Omuri 1968, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Jock Campbell-New Statesman Award. Ekibiina kya Negro Ensemble Company kikashohoza Kongi's Harvest aha St. Mark's Theatre, New York.<ref>"[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,838330,00.html Theater: Kongi's Harvest]". ''Time''. 26 April 1968. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X 0040-781X]. Retrieved 7 May 2022.</ref> Akavunuura D. O. Fagunwa's Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irunmale kuruga omu rurimi rwa Yoruba kuza omu Rungyereza. Kikashohozibwa nka The Forest of a Thousand Demons: A Hunter's Saga. === Okurekurwa n'okushohoza ebitabo. === Omu Okwaikumi 1969, emyezi mikye erikuburayo orutaro rw'omunda rukahwa, okusaasira kukarangirirwa, Soyinka hamwe n'abandi basibe b'eby'obutegyeki barekurwa.<ref>PEN America (16 April 2012). "[https://pen.org/case-histories-wole-soyinka/ Case Histories: Wole Soyinka]". ''PEN America''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omu myezi mikye y'okubanza bwanyima y'okurekurwa kwe, Soyinka akaguma aha faamu ya munywani we omu mashuuma ga Bufaransa, ahu yaasherwire kuhuumuraho wenka. Akahandiika The Bacchae of Euripides (1969), ekihandiiko kihindwiremu kushushana enfumu ya Pentheus.<ref name=":3">Killam and Rowe (eds), ''The Companion to African Literature'' (2000), p. 276.</ref> Kandi akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebyevugo omuri London, kikwetwa Poems from Prison. Aha muheru gw'omwaka, akagaruka omu ofiisi ye nk'orikukurira eby'emizaano omuri Ibadan.<ref name=":5">"[https://dailytrust.com/things-to-know-about-prof-wole-soyinka-at-89/ Things To Know About Prof Wole Soyinka At 89]". ''[[:en:Daily_Trust|Daily Trust]]''. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omu 1970, akashohoza omuzaano Kongi's Harvest, kandi omu bwire bumwe akaguhindura nk'omuzaano gwa firimu gw'eiziina niryo rimwe, Kongi's Harvest. Omu Kwamukaaga 1970, akamara omuzaano ogundi, ogurikwetwa Madmen and Specialists.<ref>Ajeluorou, Anote (25 July 2015). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/periscoping-a-senseless-war-in-madmen-and-specialists/ Periscoping A Senseless War In Madmen And Specialists]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</ref> Arikukoragana n'ekibiina ky'abazaani 15 ba Ibadan University Theatre Art Company, akagyenda United States, kureeba Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center omuri Waterford, Connecticut, ahu omuzaano gwe oguyabaire ahererukurieyo kuhandiika gwayorekirwe omurundi gwokubanza.[citation needed] Omu 1971, ekitabo kye ky'ebyevugo ekya A Shuttle in the Crypt kikashohozibwa. Madmen and Specialists kikashohozibwa omuri Ibadan omwaka ogwo.<ref>Lee, Christopher J. (25 March 2020). "[http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/reading-wole-soyinka-s-madmen-and-specialists-time-pandemic Reading Wole Soyinka's 'Madmen and Specialists' in a Time of Pandemic]". ''Warscapes''.</ref> Omu Kwakana 1971, ahabw'okwerarikirira aha mbeera y'eby'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria, Soyinka akarekura emirimo ye aha Yunivasite omuri Ibadan, kandi yaatandika emyaka mingi ayetwaire omubuzaahe. kuza omu buzaahe.<ref name=":6">Adegbamigbe, Ademola (13 July 2019). "[https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/07/13/soyinka-at-85-why-i-detained-him-for-2-years-during-civil-war-yakubu-gowon/ Soyinka at 85: 'Why I Detained Him for 2 Years During the Civil War' - Yakubu Gowon]". ''The NEWS''. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</ref> Soyinka akagyenda omuri Paris, Bufaransa, kutwara omurimo gw'okuzaana nka Patrice Lumumba, mukuru w'eihanga w'okubanza rya Repubulika ya Kongo owaisirwe, omu muzaano ogwashohozibwe Joan Littlewood omu kwakataano 1971 ogurikwetwa Murderous Angels, omuzaano gwa Conor Cruise O'Brien ogwabaire nigukwata aha buremeezi bwa Kongo.<ref name=":4">Gibbs, James. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/soyinka-wole-13-july-1934 Soyinka, Wole 1934–]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 September 2021. (Updated by [[:en:Tanure_Ojaide|Tanure Ojaide]].)</ref><ref>[[:en:Biodun_Jeyifo|Jeyifo, Biodun]] (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nwhlgrVqvYkC&q=%22Murderous+Angels%22%3D&pg=PR27 Chronology]". ''Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, and Postcolonialism''. Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;xxvii. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139439084|9781139439084]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri Paris, ebicweka kuruga omu muzaano gwa Soyinka ogurikumanywa munonga The Dance of The Forests bikazaanwa.<ref>Adenekan, Sulaiman (2016). "[https://www.tradenewswire.net/the-pride-of-africa-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-clocks-85-years-serving-humanity-poetically/ The Pride of Africa: Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka clocks 85 years serving humanity poeticall]y". ''Trade Newswire''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Omu 1972, ekitabo kye Season of Anomy hamwe na Collected Plays byona bikashohozibwa Oxford University Press. Ekihandiiko kye ky'ebirikumukwataho ekya The Man Died, ekirikurundaana ebi yaahandiikire omu kihome, nakyo kikashohozibwa omwaka ogwo.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/biographical/ Wole Soyinka | Biographical]", The Nobel Prize, 1986.</ref> Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Honoris Causa doctorate kuruga omu Yunivasite ya Leeds omuri 1973.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/honorary-degree/ Honorary Degree]", Leeds ''African Studies Bulletin'' 19 (November 1973), pp. 1–2. [Professor Soyinka receiving the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from the Chancellor, HRH the Duchess of Kent, on Thursday 17 May 1973 – image from 'Nobel Prize for Leeds Graduate', ''The Reporter'' (the University of Leeds), 258, 24 October 1986.]</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, National Theatre, London, ekashaba kandi yaatongoza omuzaano The Bacchae of Euripides,<ref name=":3" /> kandi emizaano ye Camwood on the Leaves na Jero's Metamorphosis nayo ekaba eri ey'okubanza kushohozibwa. Akamara omwaka gumwe nk'omugyenyi aha Churchill College, Cambridge<ref>Gumbel, Andrew (3 November 2005). "[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/03/theatre3 Wole Soyinka on how he came to write Death and the King's Horseman]". ''The Guardian''.</ref> (1973–74)<ref name=":4" /> kandi yaahandiika Death and the King's Horseman, ekyashomirwe omurundi gw'okubanza aha Churchill College.<ref name=":5" /> Omu 1974, Oxford University Press ekashohoza Soyinka's Collected Plays, Volume II. Akateeraho hamwe ekitabo kya 1975 Poems of Black Africa, ekyashohoziibwe nka kimwe ahakicweka kya Heinemann African Writers Series.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JtqywAEACAAJ Poems of Black Africa]'', Heinemann African Writers Series, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]. <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780435901714|9780435901714]]</bdi>.</ref> Kandi omuri 1975, Soyinka akakuzibwa yaaza aha ntebe y'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka Transition Magazine, akaabaire nikashangwa omu kibuga ekikuru ekya Ghana ekya Accra, ahu yaafurukiire.<ref name=":6" /> Akakoresa ebihandiiko bye omu magaziini kujumirira abo abarikusaasibwa munonga abairaguju (nk'eky'okureeberaho, ekicweka kye "Neo-Tarzanism: Eby'obutegyeki obwa Pseudo-Transition) hamwe n'obutegyeki bw'amahe. Akeesharinga ahabw'obutegyeki bw'amahe obwa Idi Amin omu Uganda. Bwanyima y'empindahinduka omu by'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria hamwe n'okuhenda gavumenti y'amahe eya Gowon omuri 1975, Soyinka akagaruka omu ihanga rye kandi yaagaruka omu mwanya gwe nka mukuru w'okugyeragyeranisa ebyahandiikirwe. omu Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref name=":6" /> === Okushomesa === Kuruga 1975 kuhisya 1999, Soyinka akaheereza nka Purofeesa w'ebitabo ebirikugyeragyeranisibwa aha Obafemi Awolowo University.[46] Omuri Amerika, akeegyesa aha Cornell University nk'omuhangu wa Goldwin Smith omu kwega aha Afirika hamwe n'eby'emizaano kuruga 1988 kuhisya 1991. Aha Yunivasite ya Emory, akatooranwa nka Robert W. Woodruff Purofeesa w'eby'emikono omuri 1996 kandi atwire ari Purofeesa w'okuhandiika omu Yunivasite ya Nevada, Las Vegas. Soyinka akaheereza scholar-in-residence omu Institute of African American Affairs eya New York University hamwe na Loyola Marymount University omuri Los Angeles, California. Akegyesa n'aha Yunivasite za Cambridge, Oxford, Harvard na Yale. Akaba ari omwegi w'amaani omu kutuura aha Yunivasite ya Duke omuri 2008.[47] == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == f02pwgyyk76govcoblea0iysu63jkax 7256315 7256312 2026-07-20T09:13:13Z Rooth N 2608660 7256315 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wp/nyn]] '''Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola] 2021, p.&#x20;34.</ref>''', a'''kazaarwa 13 Okwamushanju 1934) n'omuhandiiki Omunigeria, w'emizaano, kandi omuhandiiki w'ebitabo. Akahandiika ebitabo bishatu, by'ebitabo by'emigane mikye eikumi, ebitabo mushanju by'ebyevugo, ebitabo by'emizaano abiri na bitaano, hamwe n'ebitabo bitaano by'ebirikumukwataho.<ref name=":2">Gibbs, James (1986). ''Wole Soyinka''. Basingstoke: [[:en:Macmillan_Publishers|Macmillan]]. p.&#x20;3. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780333305287|9780333305287]]</bdi>.</ref> Ahandiikire ebitabo bibiri ebivunwirwe hamwe n'ebicweka bingi hamwe n'ebitebyo bikye bikye by'okuhandiikisa empapura z'amakuru hamwe n'ebitabo by'obwire bukye. Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel eky'omwaka 1986 omu by'obuhangwa ahabw'okugira ngu akaba naashwijuma "ebintu bingi ebirikukwata aha buhangwa hamwe n'orurimi rw'okwevuga ahabirikukwata aha kubaho kw'abantu".<ref>Abdullahi, Idowu (11 October 2024). "[https://punchng.com/nobel-laureate-award-exposed-me-to-danger-wole-soyinka/ Nobel Laureate award exposed me to danger]". ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Akazaarwa omu ka y'Abakurisitaayo Abayoruba omuri Aké, Abeokuta.<ref>"[https://dawncommission.org/professor-wole-soyinka/ Professor Wole Soyinka – DAWN Commission]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref><ref name=":0">"[https://wolesoyinkalecture.org/about-wole-soyinka-2/ About Wole Soyinka]". ''Wole Soyinka Lecture Series''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Soyinka akatunga obwegyese obw'okumutebeekanisa aha Government College, Ibadan kandi yaagyenda aha University College Ibadan. Omu bwire bw'obwegyese bwe, akatandikaho ekibiina kya Pyrate Confraternity.<ref name=":0" /> Soyinka akaruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza kwega aha Yunivasite ya Leeds. Omu bwire obwo, niwe yaabaire ari omuhandiiki w'akatabo ka yunivasite, The Eagle, atakabaire muhandiiki ow'obutwire omu myaka ya 1950.<ref>"[https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/wole-soyinka/ Wole Soyinka – Narrative Landscape Press]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Bungyereza, akatandika kuhandiika ebitebyo bigufu n'okukora ebihandiiko aha BBC Lecture series. Akahandiika emizaano mingi eyazaanairwe aha reediyo hamwe n'omu myanya y'emizaano omuri Nigeria hamwe na Bungyereza, okukira munonga Royal Court Theatre.<ref>"[https://livingarchive.royalcourttheatre.com/black-plays-1960s/ Black Plays 1960s]". ''Royal Court - Living Archive''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Ebitabo bya Soyinka bingi hamwe n'emizaano ye, nibiteebwaho omuri Nigeria, ekirikworeka ebyafaayo by'eihanga eryo, eby'obuhangwa, hamwe n'oburemeezi bw'eby'obutegyeki. Oyihireho emirimo egi, akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi ebirikujumiirira emitwarize mibi y'abantu omungyeri erikushetsya. Ebihandiiko ebi bikajanjaara omu bantu baingi kandi byakundwa munonga. Atungire obusinguzi n'emizaano ye, otwariiremu The Swamp Dwellers (1958), The Lion and the Jewel (1959), na The Invention (1957), omuzaano gumwe ahayabandize, ogwakoriirwe aha Royal Court Theatre. Soyinka ahandiikire ebitabo bingi, otwariiremu The Interpreters (1965), Season of Anomy (1973), Death and the King's Horseman, Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth (2021), na Harmattan Haze on an African Spring (2012). Omu Kwamushanju 2024, Bola Tinubu akahindura eiziina ry'ekishengye ky'emizaano ekya National Arts Theatre ahanyima ya Soyinka aha mazaarwa ge ag'emyaka 90. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Soyinka akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju 1934 omuri Ake, Abeokuta, Nigeria omu ka y'Abakristaayo ey'obuzaare bw'Abayoruba. Akaba ari owa kabiri omu baana mushanju[a] ba Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, omuheereza w'Abakuristayo kandi mukuru w'eishomero kuruga omu ruganda rw'obugabe orwa Isara-Remo[<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1988 Gibbs 1988], pp.&#x20;526.</ref> hamwe na Grace Soyinka (née Jenkins-Harrison), omushubuuzi kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe kuruga omu ruganda rwa Ransome-Kuti.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFMaduakor1986 Maduakor 1986], pp.&#x20;227.</ref> Nyina Grace hamwe n'ab'eka ye, aba Ransome-Kutis, bakaba bari ab'eka y'amaani omuri Nigeria<ref>Staff writer (9 May 2014). "[https://businessday.ng/family-and-relationships/article/great-dynasties-the-ransome-kutis/ Great Dynasties:The Ransome-Kutis]". ''[[:en:BusinessDay_(Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> abarikugambwaho nk'ekigarukwamu kya Nigeria aha ka ya Kennedy omuri United States. Owaabatandikireho, omusesorodooti w'Abakuristaayo J. J. Ransome-Kuti, akaba ari omuntu w'okubanza omu ihanga rye omu by'okushohoza ebyeshongoro omu myaka ya 1920.<ref>Sansom, Ian. "[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/11/fela-kuti-great-dynasties-ian-sansom Great Dynasties: The Ransome-Kutis]". ''theguardian.com''. Retrieved 17 January 2026.</ref> Kuruga 1940 kuhistya 1946, Soyinka akaba naashoma aha St. Peters Primary School, ahu ishe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eishomero.<ref>"[https://guardian.ng/art/genius-of-the-unconventional-and-the-patterning-of-dualities-wole-soyinkas-early-childhood-part-3/ Genius of the unconventional and the patterning of dualities: Wole Soyinka's early childhood]". ''T[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|he Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akashomera siniya ye Abeokuta Grammar School kandi okushoma kwe okw'okweteekateekyera Yunivasite aha Government College, Ibadan kuruga 1946 kuhisya 1951.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/soyinka-wole-1934/ Wole Soyinka (1934- )]". ''[[:en:BlackPast.org|BlackPast.org]]''. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akaheebwa omwanya omu University College Ibadan, ahu yaashomire ebyahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza, Orugriika, hamwe n'ebyafaayo by'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kuruga 1952 kuhisya 1954.<ref name=":1">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola 2021], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Omu myaka ye y'ahamuheru omu yunivasite, akahandiika omuzaano mugufu aha reediyo, Keffi's Birthday Treat, ogwashohwire omu Kwamushanju 1954 kuruga omu kitongore kya Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1980 Gibbs 1980], p.&#x20;21.</ref> Hamwe n'abeegi bagyenzi be otwariiremu Olumuyiwa Awẹ, Ralph Opara, Aig-Imoukhuede, na Pius Olegbe, akatandikaho ekibiina ekirikwetwa National Association of Seadogs, ekibiina ky'okubanza omuri Nigeria.<ref name=":1" /> Soyinka akafuruka kuruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza omuri 1954 kugumizamu n'emishomo ye omu byahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza aha Yunivasite ya Leeds arikureebererwa G. Wilson Knight.<ref>''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFEncyclopedia_Britannica2024 Encyclopedia Britannica]'' 2024.</ref> Okusharamu kw'okushoma aheeru y'eihanga omu bwire obwo obu okushoma diguri ya kabiri kyabaire kitarikubaho omuri Ibadan kikaba kiri kurabira omuri Joyce M. Green, omukazi Omungyereza owaizire omu University College, Ibadan kuruga Cambridge omuri 1950, kandi owaabaire ari omwe aha beegyesa ba Soyinka kandi owaabaire amuhaire ekihandiiko kirungi eky'okumugambaho omuri Leeds.<ref>Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi (28 July 2019). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/soyinkas-early-romance-with-england-1954-1959-a-cold-chapter-for-an-anti-form-rebel-part-1/ Soyinka's early romance with England 1954-1959: A cold chapter for an anti-form rebel]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 8 January 2026.</ref> Aha yunivasite ya Leeds, akaheereza nk'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka yunivasite akarikushetsya, The Eagle, omuri ako yaahandiika ekicweka aha magara g'eby'okushoma. Omu Kwamunaana 1955, akatandika kukwata ebyeshongoro aha BBC Lecture kandi yaahandiika ebitebyo bigufu nyingi. Omuri 1957, akasingura empaka z'okugamba ezirikubaho buri mwaka ezirikuteebwaho Yunivasite.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFLindfors1974 Lindfors 1974], pp.&#x20;471–486.</ref> == Emirimo == === 1957–1967: Omurimo gwe gw'okubanza === Soyinka akaguma omuri Leeds bwanyima y'okutunga diguri ye eya BA honours omu Rungyereza omuri 1957.<ref name=":2" /> Omu 1957, akatandika kuhandiika emizaano ye ey'okubanza, ''Swamp Dwellers'' na ''The Lion and the Jewel''. Soyinka akaza London kandi yaakora nk'omushomi w'emizaano aha Royal Court Theatre. Akebembera ekibiina kya Nigerian Drama Group ekyakozire The Swamp Dwellers omuri 1958. Omu bwire obwo, emizaano ye ebiri ekazaanwa omuri Ibadan, Nigeria. Omuri 1957, omuzaano gwe, The Invention, gukashohozibwa aha Royal Court Theatre omuri London, kandi gukaba guri omurimo gwe gw'okubanza aha.<ref>"Wole Soyinka". ''African Biography''. Detroit, MI: Gale (published 2 December 2006). 1999. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-2823-9|978-0-7876-2823-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akahandiika ebyevugo, otwariiremu "''The Immigrant''" hamwe na "''My Next Door Neighbour''", ebyareebekire omuri Black Orpheus. Omuri 1959, Soyinka akagaruka Nigeria bwanyima y'okutunga obuhwezi bwa Rockefeller Research Fellowship ahabw'okucondooza kwe aha by'emizaano ya Afirika. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe omwaka nigwo gumwe, akaza omu mwanya gwa Janheinz Jahn nk'omwe ahabahandiiki babiri bakuru ba Black Orpheus.<ref>Jacobs, Alan. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/trials-brother-jero The Trials Of Brother Jero]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu 1960, akamara omuzaano gwe ogwa reediyo Camwood on the Leaves, kandi n'omuzaano gwe ''The Trials of Brother Jero'' gukatongozibwa omu Mellanby Hall residence of University College Ibadan omu Kwakana 1960. Akakora ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Mask omu myaka ya 1960. Omuzaano gwe ogwa A Dance of The Forest, gukatongozibwa nk'omuzaano gw'eizooba ry'okwetegyeka kwa Nigeria, kandi ebiro 1 Okwaikumi 1960, gukatongozibwa omuri Lagos.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[[:en:BlackPast.org|Wole Soyinka (1934- )". ''BlackPast.org'']]. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Omuzaano gwa Soyinka ogw'okubanza ogurikwetwa My Father's Burden, gukaba nigwebemberwa Olusegun Olusola kandi gukaba nigworekwa aha Western Nigeria Television ebiro 6 Okwamunaana 1960.<ref>Uzoatu, Uzor Maxim (5 October 2013). "[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/146108-essential-soyinka-timeline-uzor-maxim-uzoatu.html The Essential Soyinka Timeline]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref> Omu 1962, Soyinka akahandiika ebihandiiko birikurwanirira okushoma n'okuhandiika omuri Nigeria omu bwire obwo otwariiremu "Death of the King's Horsemen" hamwe na "Towards a True Theater", ebyashohoziibwe omu Transition Magazine.<ref>Amayi, Zakayo (22 June 2013). "[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/standard-entertainment/article/2000086475/soyinkas-grumpy-battles-to-defend-literary-legacy Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's grumpy battles to defend literary legacy]". Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa aha Obafemi Awolowo University omuri Ifẹ. Omu 1963, firimu ye y'okubanza, Culture in Transition, ekashohozibwa. Soyinka akarekura omurimo gwe aha Yunivasite omuri 1964, nk'okwesharinga ahabw'emitwarize y'okushagika gavumenti eyateirweho ab'obushoborozi. Akagira ngu ab'obushoborozi omu yunivasite bakakwatanisa eitendekyero n'obutegyeki bwa Samuel Ladoke Akintola obwabaire butarikukundwa. Omu bwire obwo, akakora The Lion and the Jewel<ref>"[https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/critical-responses-to-african-theatre-wole-soyinkas-the-lion-and-the-jewel-by-professor-martin-banham/ Critical Responses to African Theatre: Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel by Professor Martin Banham | Black Plays Archive]". ''www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> omu siizoni y'emizaano omu Rungyereza na Yoruba hamwe n'okutandikaho The Orisun Theatre Company, guruupu ya theatre. Omu 1965, akakora omuzaano gwa gurikujumirira emitwarize mibi omungyeru erikushestya, ''Before the Blackout''.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/african-theatre-soyinka/ Review of African Theatre Soyinka: Blackout, Blowout and Beyond | Centre for African Studies (LUCAS)]". ''lucas.leeds.ac.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuzano gwe, Kongi's Harvest, gukatandika omu Kwamunaana omuri Lagos. Ebiro 14 September 1965, omuzaano gwe The Road gukatandika kworekwa omuri London aha Commonwealth Arts Festival hamwe na Theatre Royal Stratford East. Soyinka akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa mukuru aha Yunivasite ya Lagos. Juba, ekitabo kye ekisya The Interpreters kikashohozibwa André Deutsch omuri London. Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akakomwa omurundi gw'okubanza, yaajunaanwa okukwata reediyo aha mbundu akahindura akatambi k'ebigambo by'enganzi y'ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba n'akatambi akarikujunaana okwiba akaruuru. Akarekurwa bwanyima y'ameezi agamwe g'okukomwa ahabw'okwesharinga kw'abantu b'ensi yoona abahandiiki. Akahandiika n'ekitabo The Detainee, omuzaano gwa reediyo ogwashohozibwe BBC omuri London.<ref>Ezugwu, Obinna (19 July 2021). "[https://hallmarknews.com/salute-to-kongi-at-87/ Salute To Kongi At 87]". ''hallmarknews.com''. Retrieved 13 August 2022.</ref> === 1966–1968: Orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria === Bwanyima y'okuba Mukuru w'ekibiina ky'emizaano aha Yunivasite ya Ibadan, Soyinka akatandika kwejumba omu by'obutegyeki. Bwanyima y'amahe okuhamba obutegyeki omu kwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1966, akabugana omu kihama Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, gavana w'amahe ow'amashuuma g'oburugwa izooba bwa Nigeria omu kugyezaho okuzibira orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria.<ref>"[https://howng.com/professor-wole-soyinka-full-biographylife-and-news/ Professor Wole Soyinka Full Biography, Life And News]". ''howng.com''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Akaza n'omuri Ẹnugu, ahu yabugaine mugyenzi we Omuyoruba, Victor Banjọ, orikukora na gavumenti ya Biafra. Soyinka, owaashabire obushagiki bw'abeebembezi b'amahe omu kicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, akahitsya obutumwa bwa Banjo ahari Lieutenant Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo, owaabaire atoorainwe nk'omuduumizi w'amahe g'omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba. Omumwebazyo gw'akana, Soyinka agarukire omu mahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, amahe ga Biafra gakatahirira ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Bwanyima y'okutwara oburengyerwa-izooba, Soyinka akabugana Obasanjo kumugambira ekigyendererwa ky'Ababiafra ahabwokuba Obasanjo akaba yaacwiremu kwegaita aha gavumenti ya Nigeria. Kwonka okutahirira kwa Biafra ahagati yóburegyerwa eizooba kikarugamu okuhoorera okwakozirwe amahe ga gavumenti eya federo, kandi orutaro rw'omunda rukatandika. Obasanjo akashoboorora gavumenti ya Nigeria orukiiko rwe na Soyinka, yarangirira Soyinka nk'omuheekyera, n'ahabw'ekyo akakwatwa ab'obushoborozi bwa federo kandi yaakomwa kumara emyezi 22.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/07/27/wole.soyinka/index.html Wole Soyinka: Nigeria's Nobel Laureate]". ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. 1 August 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2026.</ref> Akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi n'byevugo arikujuumirira gavumenti ya Nigeria obu yaabaire ari omu kihome.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (2006), ''You Must Set Forth at Dawn'', p. 6.</ref> Omu kutandika kwa 1967, ebihandiiko bye Kongi’s Harvest na Idanre and Other Poems bikashohozibwa.<ref>"[https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/engp06/chapter/wole-soyinka-kongis-harvest/ Wole Soyinka, Kongi's Harvest – African & Caribbean Writing in English]". ''ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Ari na Tom Stoppard, akatunga ekirabo kya John Whiting omuri London. Akatooranwa kuba mukuru w'eishomero rya Drama, Yunivasite ya Ibadan kwonka akaremwa kutwara entebe egyo ahabw'okubohwa omu kwezi kwa munaana. N'obu araabe yaabaire ari omu kihome, omuzaano gwe ogurikwetwa The Lion and The Jewel gukagumizamu gwashohozibwa omuri Accra, Ghana omu Kwamwenda 1967. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Strong Breed bikashohozibwa aba Off-Broadway omu Greenwich Mews Theatre omuri New York City. Omuri 1968, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Jock Campbell-New Statesman Award. Ekibiina kya Negro Ensemble Company kikashohoza Kongi's Harvest aha St. Mark's Theatre, New York.<ref>"[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,838330,00.html Theater: Kongi's Harvest]". ''Time''. 26 April 1968. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X 0040-781X]. Retrieved 7 May 2022.</ref> Akavunuura D. O. Fagunwa's Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irunmale kuruga omu rurimi rwa Yoruba kuza omu Rungyereza. Kikashohozibwa nka The Forest of a Thousand Demons: A Hunter's Saga. === Okurekurwa n'okushohoza ebitabo. === Omu Okwaikumi 1969, emyezi mikye erikuburayo orutaro rw'omunda rukahwa, okusaasira kukarangirirwa, Soyinka hamwe n'abandi basibe b'eby'obutegyeki barekurwa.<ref>PEN America (16 April 2012). "[https://pen.org/case-histories-wole-soyinka/ Case Histories: Wole Soyinka]". ''PEN America''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omu myezi mikye y'okubanza bwanyima y'okurekurwa kwe, Soyinka akaguma aha faamu ya munywani we omu mashuuma ga Bufaransa, ahu yaasherwire kuhuumuraho wenka. Akahandiika The Bacchae of Euripides (1969), ekihandiiko kihindwiremu kushushana enfumu ya Pentheus.<ref name=":3">Killam and Rowe (eds), ''The Companion to African Literature'' (2000), p. 276.</ref> Kandi akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebyevugo omuri London, kikwetwa Poems from Prison. Aha muheru gw'omwaka, akagaruka omu ofiisi ye nk'orikukurira eby'emizaano omuri Ibadan.<ref name=":5">"[https://dailytrust.com/things-to-know-about-prof-wole-soyinka-at-89/ Things To Know About Prof Wole Soyinka At 89]". ''[[:en:Daily_Trust|Daily Trust]]''. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omu 1970, akashohoza omuzaano Kongi's Harvest, kandi omu bwire bumwe akaguhindura nk'omuzaano gwa firimu gw'eiziina niryo rimwe, Kongi's Harvest. Omu Kwamukaaga 1970, akamara omuzaano ogundi, ogurikwetwa Madmen and Specialists.<ref>Ajeluorou, Anote (25 July 2015). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/periscoping-a-senseless-war-in-madmen-and-specialists/ Periscoping A Senseless War In Madmen And Specialists]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</ref> Arikukoragana n'ekibiina ky'abazaani 15 ba Ibadan University Theatre Art Company, akagyenda United States, kureeba Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center omuri Waterford, Connecticut, ahu omuzaano gwe oguyabaire ahererukurieyo kuhandiika gwayorekirwe omurundi gwokubanza.[citation needed] Omu 1971, ekitabo kye ky'ebyevugo ekya A Shuttle in the Crypt kikashohozibwa. Madmen and Specialists kikashohozibwa omuri Ibadan omwaka ogwo.<ref>Lee, Christopher J. (25 March 2020). "[http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/reading-wole-soyinka-s-madmen-and-specialists-time-pandemic Reading Wole Soyinka's 'Madmen and Specialists' in a Time of Pandemic]". ''Warscapes''.</ref> Omu Kwakana 1971, ahabw'okwerarikirira aha mbeera y'eby'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria, Soyinka akarekura emirimo ye aha Yunivasite omuri Ibadan, kandi yaatandika emyaka mingi ayetwaire omubuzaahe. kuza omu buzaahe.<ref name=":6">Adegbamigbe, Ademola (13 July 2019). "[https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/07/13/soyinka-at-85-why-i-detained-him-for-2-years-during-civil-war-yakubu-gowon/ Soyinka at 85: 'Why I Detained Him for 2 Years During the Civil War' - Yakubu Gowon]". ''The NEWS''. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</ref> Soyinka akagyenda omuri Paris, Bufaransa, kutwara omurimo gw'okuzaana nka Patrice Lumumba, mukuru w'eihanga w'okubanza rya Repubulika ya Kongo owaisirwe, omu muzaano ogwashohozibwe Joan Littlewood omu kwakataano 1971 ogurikwetwa Murderous Angels, omuzaano gwa Conor Cruise O'Brien ogwabaire nigukwata aha buremeezi bwa Kongo.<ref name=":4">Gibbs, James. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/soyinka-wole-13-july-1934 Soyinka, Wole 1934–]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 September 2021. (Updated by [[:en:Tanure_Ojaide|Tanure Ojaide]].)</ref><ref>[[:en:Biodun_Jeyifo|Jeyifo, Biodun]] (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nwhlgrVqvYkC&q=%22Murderous+Angels%22%3D&pg=PR27 Chronology]". ''Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, and Postcolonialism''. Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;xxvii. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139439084|9781139439084]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri Paris, ebicweka kuruga omu muzaano gwa Soyinka ogurikumanywa munonga The Dance of The Forests bikazaanwa.<ref>Adenekan, Sulaiman (2016). "[https://www.tradenewswire.net/the-pride-of-africa-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-clocks-85-years-serving-humanity-poetically/ The Pride of Africa: Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka clocks 85 years serving humanity poeticall]y". ''Trade Newswire''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Omu 1972, ekitabo kye Season of Anomy hamwe na Collected Plays byona bikashohozibwa Oxford University Press. Ekihandiiko kye ky'ebirikumukwataho ekya The Man Died, ekirikurundaana ebi yaahandiikire omu kihome, nakyo kikashohozibwa omwaka ogwo.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/biographical/ Wole Soyinka | Biographical]", The Nobel Prize, 1986.</ref> Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Honoris Causa doctorate kuruga omu Yunivasite ya Leeds omuri 1973.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/honorary-degree/ Honorary Degree]", Leeds ''African Studies Bulletin'' 19 (November 1973), pp. 1–2. [Professor Soyinka receiving the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from the Chancellor, HRH the Duchess of Kent, on Thursday 17 May 1973 – image from 'Nobel Prize for Leeds Graduate', ''The Reporter'' (the University of Leeds), 258, 24 October 1986.]</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, National Theatre, London, ekashaba kandi yaatongoza omuzaano The Bacchae of Euripides,<ref name=":3" /> kandi emizaano ye Camwood on the Leaves na Jero's Metamorphosis nayo ekaba eri ey'okubanza kushohozibwa. Akamara omwaka gumwe nk'omugyenyi aha Churchill College, Cambridge<ref>Gumbel, Andrew (3 November 2005). "[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/03/theatre3 Wole Soyinka on how he came to write Death and the King's Horseman]". ''The Guardian''.</ref> (1973–74)<ref name=":4" /> kandi yaahandiika Death and the King's Horseman, ekyashomirwe omurundi gw'okubanza aha Churchill College.<ref name=":5" /> Omu 1974, Oxford University Press ekashohoza Soyinka's Collected Plays, Volume II. Akateeraho hamwe ekitabo kya 1975 Poems of Black Africa, ekyashohoziibwe nka kimwe ahakicweka kya Heinemann African Writers Series.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JtqywAEACAAJ Poems of Black Africa]'', Heinemann African Writers Series, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]. <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780435901714|9780435901714]]</bdi>.</ref> Kandi omuri 1975, Soyinka akakuzibwa yaaza aha ntebe y'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka Transition Magazine, akaabaire nikashangwa omu kibuga ekikuru ekya Ghana ekya Accra, ahu yaafurukiire.<ref name=":6" /> Akakoresa ebihandiiko bye omu magaziini kujumirira abo abarikusaasibwa munonga abairaguju (nk'eky'okureeberaho, ekicweka kye "Neo-Tarzanism: Eby'obutegyeki obwa Pseudo-Transition) hamwe n'obutegyeki bw'amahe. Akeesharinga ahabw'obutegyeki bw'amahe obwa Idi Amin omu Uganda. Bwanyima y'empindahinduka omu by'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria hamwe n'okuhenda gavumenti y'amahe eya Gowon omuri 1975, Soyinka akagaruka omu ihanga rye kandi yaagaruka omu mwanya gwe nka mukuru w'okugyeragyeranisa ebyahandiikirwe. omu Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref name=":6" /> === Okushomesa === Kuruga 1975 kuhisya 1999, Soyinka akaheereza nka Purofeesa w'ebitabo ebirikugyeragyeranisibwa aha Obafemi Awolowo University.<ref>Odinaka (31 July 2018). "[https://www.tori.ng/news/102835/the-house-prof-soyinka-lived-in-during-oau-days-tu.html The House Prof. Soyinka Lived In During OAU Days, Turned Into A Campus Museum (Photos)]". ''Tori.ng''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Amerika, akeegyesa aha Cornell University nk'omuhangu wa Goldwin Smith omu kwega aha Afirika hamwe n'eby'emizaano kuruga 1988 kuhisya 1991. Aha Yunivasite ya Emory, akatooranwa nka Robert W. Woodruff Purofeesa w'eby'emikono omuri 1996 kandi atwire ari Purofeesa w'okuhandiika omu Yunivasite ya Nevada, Las Vegas. Soyinka akaheereza scholar-in-residence omu Institute of African American Affairs eya New York University hamwe na Loyola Marymount University omuri Los Angeles, California. Akegyesa n'aha Yunivasite za Cambridge, Oxford, Harvard na Yale. Akaba ari omwegi w'amaani omu kutuura aha Yunivasite ya Duke omuri 2008.[47] == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == npd76rs3yumxom5fhq4q5kcnkyh9uu7 7256317 7256315 2026-07-20T09:14:00Z Rooth N 2608660 7256317 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wp/nyn]] '''Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola] 2021, p.&#x20;34.</ref>''', a'''kazaarwa 13 Okwamushanju 1934) n'omuhandiiki Omunigeria, w'emizaano, kandi omuhandiiki w'ebitabo. Akahandiika ebitabo bishatu, by'ebitabo by'emigane mikye eikumi, ebitabo mushanju by'ebyevugo, ebitabo by'emizaano abiri na bitaano, hamwe n'ebitabo bitaano by'ebirikumukwataho.<ref name=":2">Gibbs, James (1986). ''Wole Soyinka''. Basingstoke: [[:en:Macmillan_Publishers|Macmillan]]. p.&#x20;3. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780333305287|9780333305287]]</bdi>.</ref> Ahandiikire ebitabo bibiri ebivunwirwe hamwe n'ebicweka bingi hamwe n'ebitebyo bikye bikye by'okuhandiikisa empapura z'amakuru hamwe n'ebitabo by'obwire bukye. Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel eky'omwaka 1986 omu by'obuhangwa ahabw'okugira ngu akaba naashwijuma "ebintu bingi ebirikukwata aha buhangwa hamwe n'orurimi rw'okwevuga ahabirikukwata aha kubaho kw'abantu".<ref>Abdullahi, Idowu (11 October 2024). "[https://punchng.com/nobel-laureate-award-exposed-me-to-danger-wole-soyinka/ Nobel Laureate award exposed me to danger]". ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Akazaarwa omu ka y'Abakurisitaayo Abayoruba omuri Aké, Abeokuta.<ref>"[https://dawncommission.org/professor-wole-soyinka/ Professor Wole Soyinka – DAWN Commission]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref><ref name=":0">"[https://wolesoyinkalecture.org/about-wole-soyinka-2/ About Wole Soyinka]". ''Wole Soyinka Lecture Series''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Soyinka akatunga obwegyese obw'okumutebeekanisa aha Government College, Ibadan kandi yaagyenda aha University College Ibadan. Omu bwire bw'obwegyese bwe, akatandikaho ekibiina kya Pyrate Confraternity.<ref name=":0" /> Soyinka akaruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza kwega aha Yunivasite ya Leeds. Omu bwire obwo, niwe yaabaire ari omuhandiiki w'akatabo ka yunivasite, The Eagle, atakabaire muhandiiki ow'obutwire omu myaka ya 1950.<ref>"[https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/wole-soyinka/ Wole Soyinka – Narrative Landscape Press]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Bungyereza, akatandika kuhandiika ebitebyo bigufu n'okukora ebihandiiko aha BBC Lecture series. Akahandiika emizaano mingi eyazaanairwe aha reediyo hamwe n'omu myanya y'emizaano omuri Nigeria hamwe na Bungyereza, okukira munonga Royal Court Theatre.<ref>"[https://livingarchive.royalcourttheatre.com/black-plays-1960s/ Black Plays 1960s]". ''Royal Court - Living Archive''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Ebitabo bya Soyinka bingi hamwe n'emizaano ye, nibiteebwaho omuri Nigeria, ekirikworeka ebyafaayo by'eihanga eryo, eby'obuhangwa, hamwe n'oburemeezi bw'eby'obutegyeki. Oyihireho emirimo egi, akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi ebirikujumiirira emitwarize mibi y'abantu omungyeri erikushetsya. Ebihandiiko ebi bikajanjaara omu bantu baingi kandi byakundwa munonga. Atungire obusinguzi n'emizaano ye, otwariiremu The Swamp Dwellers (1958), The Lion and the Jewel (1959), na The Invention (1957), omuzaano gumwe ahayabandize, ogwakoriirwe aha Royal Court Theatre. Soyinka ahandiikire ebitabo bingi, otwariiremu The Interpreters (1965), Season of Anomy (1973), Death and the King's Horseman, Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth (2021), na Harmattan Haze on an African Spring (2012). Omu Kwamushanju 2024, Bola Tinubu akahindura eiziina ry'ekishengye ky'emizaano ekya National Arts Theatre ahanyima ya Soyinka aha mazaarwa ge ag'emyaka 90. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Soyinka akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju 1934 omuri Ake, Abeokuta, Nigeria omu ka y'Abakristaayo ey'obuzaare bw'Abayoruba. Akaba ari owa kabiri omu baana mushanju[a] ba Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, omuheereza w'Abakuristayo kandi mukuru w'eishomero kuruga omu ruganda rw'obugabe orwa Isara-Remo[<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1988 Gibbs 1988], pp.&#x20;526.</ref> hamwe na Grace Soyinka (née Jenkins-Harrison), omushubuuzi kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe kuruga omu ruganda rwa Ransome-Kuti.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFMaduakor1986 Maduakor 1986], pp.&#x20;227.</ref> Nyina Grace hamwe n'ab'eka ye, aba Ransome-Kutis, bakaba bari ab'eka y'amaani omuri Nigeria<ref>Staff writer (9 May 2014). "[https://businessday.ng/family-and-relationships/article/great-dynasties-the-ransome-kutis/ Great Dynasties:The Ransome-Kutis]". ''[[:en:BusinessDay_(Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> abarikugambwaho nk'ekigarukwamu kya Nigeria aha ka ya Kennedy omuri United States. Owaabatandikireho, omusesorodooti w'Abakuristaayo J. J. Ransome-Kuti, akaba ari omuntu w'okubanza omu ihanga rye omu by'okushohoza ebyeshongoro omu myaka ya 1920.<ref>Sansom, Ian. "[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/11/fela-kuti-great-dynasties-ian-sansom Great Dynasties: The Ransome-Kutis]". ''theguardian.com''. Retrieved 17 January 2026.</ref> Kuruga 1940 kuhistya 1946, Soyinka akaba naashoma aha St. Peters Primary School, ahu ishe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eishomero.<ref>"[https://guardian.ng/art/genius-of-the-unconventional-and-the-patterning-of-dualities-wole-soyinkas-early-childhood-part-3/ Genius of the unconventional and the patterning of dualities: Wole Soyinka's early childhood]". ''T[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|he Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akashomera siniya ye Abeokuta Grammar School kandi okushoma kwe okw'okweteekateekyera Yunivasite aha Government College, Ibadan kuruga 1946 kuhisya 1951.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/soyinka-wole-1934/ Wole Soyinka (1934- )]". ''[[:en:BlackPast.org|BlackPast.org]]''. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akaheebwa omwanya omu University College Ibadan, ahu yaashomire ebyahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza, Orugriika, hamwe n'ebyafaayo by'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kuruga 1952 kuhisya 1954.<ref name=":1">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola 2021], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Omu myaka ye y'ahamuheru omu yunivasite, akahandiika omuzaano mugufu aha reediyo, Keffi's Birthday Treat, ogwashohwire omu Kwamushanju 1954 kuruga omu kitongore kya Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1980 Gibbs 1980], p.&#x20;21.</ref> Hamwe n'abeegi bagyenzi be otwariiremu Olumuyiwa Awẹ, Ralph Opara, Aig-Imoukhuede, na Pius Olegbe, akatandikaho ekibiina ekirikwetwa National Association of Seadogs, ekibiina ky'okubanza omuri Nigeria.<ref name=":1" /> Soyinka akafuruka kuruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza omuri 1954 kugumizamu n'emishomo ye omu byahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza aha Yunivasite ya Leeds arikureebererwa G. Wilson Knight.<ref>''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFEncyclopedia_Britannica2024 Encyclopedia Britannica]'' 2024.</ref> Okusharamu kw'okushoma aheeru y'eihanga omu bwire obwo obu okushoma diguri ya kabiri kyabaire kitarikubaho omuri Ibadan kikaba kiri kurabira omuri Joyce M. Green, omukazi Omungyereza owaizire omu University College, Ibadan kuruga Cambridge omuri 1950, kandi owaabaire ari omwe aha beegyesa ba Soyinka kandi owaabaire amuhaire ekihandiiko kirungi eky'okumugambaho omuri Leeds.<ref>Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi (28 July 2019). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/soyinkas-early-romance-with-england-1954-1959-a-cold-chapter-for-an-anti-form-rebel-part-1/ Soyinka's early romance with England 1954-1959: A cold chapter for an anti-form rebel]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 8 January 2026.</ref> Aha yunivasite ya Leeds, akaheereza nk'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka yunivasite akarikushetsya, The Eagle, omuri ako yaahandiika ekicweka aha magara g'eby'okushoma. Omu Kwamunaana 1955, akatandika kukwata ebyeshongoro aha BBC Lecture kandi yaahandiika ebitebyo bigufu nyingi. Omuri 1957, akasingura empaka z'okugamba ezirikubaho buri mwaka ezirikuteebwaho Yunivasite.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFLindfors1974 Lindfors 1974], pp.&#x20;471–486.</ref> == Emirimo == === 1957–1967: Omurimo gwe gw'okubanza === Soyinka akaguma omuri Leeds bwanyima y'okutunga diguri ye eya BA honours omu Rungyereza omuri 1957.<ref name=":2" /> Omu 1957, akatandika kuhandiika emizaano ye ey'okubanza, ''Swamp Dwellers'' na ''The Lion and the Jewel''. Soyinka akaza London kandi yaakora nk'omushomi w'emizaano aha Royal Court Theatre. Akebembera ekibiina kya Nigerian Drama Group ekyakozire The Swamp Dwellers omuri 1958. Omu bwire obwo, emizaano ye ebiri ekazaanwa omuri Ibadan, Nigeria. Omuri 1957, omuzaano gwe, The Invention, gukashohozibwa aha Royal Court Theatre omuri London, kandi gukaba guri omurimo gwe gw'okubanza aha.<ref>"Wole Soyinka". ''African Biography''. Detroit, MI: Gale (published 2 December 2006). 1999. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-2823-9|978-0-7876-2823-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akahandiika ebyevugo, otwariiremu "''The Immigrant''" hamwe na "''My Next Door Neighbour''", ebyareebekire omuri Black Orpheus. Omuri 1959, Soyinka akagaruka Nigeria bwanyima y'okutunga obuhwezi bwa Rockefeller Research Fellowship ahabw'okucondooza kwe aha by'emizaano ya Afirika. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe omwaka nigwo gumwe, akaza omu mwanya gwa Janheinz Jahn nk'omwe ahabahandiiki babiri bakuru ba Black Orpheus.<ref>Jacobs, Alan. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/trials-brother-jero The Trials Of Brother Jero]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu 1960, akamara omuzaano gwe ogwa reediyo Camwood on the Leaves, kandi n'omuzaano gwe ''The Trials of Brother Jero'' gukatongozibwa omu Mellanby Hall residence of University College Ibadan omu Kwakana 1960. Akakora ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Mask omu myaka ya 1960. Omuzaano gwe ogwa A Dance of The Forest, gukatongozibwa nk'omuzaano gw'eizooba ry'okwetegyeka kwa Nigeria, kandi ebiro 1 Okwaikumi 1960, gukatongozibwa omuri Lagos.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[[:en:BlackPast.org|Wole Soyinka (1934- )". ''BlackPast.org'']]. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Omuzaano gwa Soyinka ogw'okubanza ogurikwetwa My Father's Burden, gukaba nigwebemberwa Olusegun Olusola kandi gukaba nigworekwa aha Western Nigeria Television ebiro 6 Okwamunaana 1960.<ref>Uzoatu, Uzor Maxim (5 October 2013). "[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/146108-essential-soyinka-timeline-uzor-maxim-uzoatu.html The Essential Soyinka Timeline]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref> Omu 1962, Soyinka akahandiika ebihandiiko birikurwanirira okushoma n'okuhandiika omuri Nigeria omu bwire obwo otwariiremu "Death of the King's Horsemen" hamwe na "Towards a True Theater", ebyashohoziibwe omu Transition Magazine.<ref>Amayi, Zakayo (22 June 2013). "[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/standard-entertainment/article/2000086475/soyinkas-grumpy-battles-to-defend-literary-legacy Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's grumpy battles to defend literary legacy]". Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa aha Obafemi Awolowo University omuri Ifẹ. Omu 1963, firimu ye y'okubanza, Culture in Transition, ekashohozibwa. Soyinka akarekura omurimo gwe aha Yunivasite omuri 1964, nk'okwesharinga ahabw'emitwarize y'okushagika gavumenti eyateirweho ab'obushoborozi. Akagira ngu ab'obushoborozi omu yunivasite bakakwatanisa eitendekyero n'obutegyeki bwa Samuel Ladoke Akintola obwabaire butarikukundwa. Omu bwire obwo, akakora The Lion and the Jewel<ref>"[https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/critical-responses-to-african-theatre-wole-soyinkas-the-lion-and-the-jewel-by-professor-martin-banham/ Critical Responses to African Theatre: Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel by Professor Martin Banham | Black Plays Archive]". ''www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> omu siizoni y'emizaano omu Rungyereza na Yoruba hamwe n'okutandikaho The Orisun Theatre Company, guruupu ya theatre. Omu 1965, akakora omuzaano gwa gurikujumirira emitwarize mibi omungyeru erikushestya, ''Before the Blackout''.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/african-theatre-soyinka/ Review of African Theatre Soyinka: Blackout, Blowout and Beyond | Centre for African Studies (LUCAS)]". ''lucas.leeds.ac.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuzano gwe, Kongi's Harvest, gukatandika omu Kwamunaana omuri Lagos. Ebiro 14 September 1965, omuzaano gwe The Road gukatandika kworekwa omuri London aha Commonwealth Arts Festival hamwe na Theatre Royal Stratford East. Soyinka akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa mukuru aha Yunivasite ya Lagos. Juba, ekitabo kye ekisya The Interpreters kikashohozibwa André Deutsch omuri London. Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akakomwa omurundi gw'okubanza, yaajunaanwa okukwata reediyo aha mbundu akahindura akatambi k'ebigambo by'enganzi y'ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba n'akatambi akarikujunaana okwiba akaruuru. Akarekurwa bwanyima y'ameezi agamwe g'okukomwa ahabw'okwesharinga kw'abantu b'ensi yoona abahandiiki. Akahandiika n'ekitabo The Detainee, omuzaano gwa reediyo ogwashohozibwe BBC omuri London.<ref>Ezugwu, Obinna (19 July 2021). "[https://hallmarknews.com/salute-to-kongi-at-87/ Salute To Kongi At 87]". ''hallmarknews.com''. Retrieved 13 August 2022.</ref> === 1966–1968: Orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria === Bwanyima y'okuba Mukuru w'ekibiina ky'emizaano aha Yunivasite ya Ibadan, Soyinka akatandika kwejumba omu by'obutegyeki. Bwanyima y'amahe okuhamba obutegyeki omu kwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1966, akabugana omu kihama Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, gavana w'amahe ow'amashuuma g'oburugwa izooba bwa Nigeria omu kugyezaho okuzibira orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria.<ref>"[https://howng.com/professor-wole-soyinka-full-biographylife-and-news/ Professor Wole Soyinka Full Biography, Life And News]". ''howng.com''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Akaza n'omuri Ẹnugu, ahu yabugaine mugyenzi we Omuyoruba, Victor Banjọ, orikukora na gavumenti ya Biafra. Soyinka, owaashabire obushagiki bw'abeebembezi b'amahe omu kicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, akahitsya obutumwa bwa Banjo ahari Lieutenant Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo, owaabaire atoorainwe nk'omuduumizi w'amahe g'omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba. Omumwebazyo gw'akana, Soyinka agarukire omu mahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, amahe ga Biafra gakatahirira ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Bwanyima y'okutwara oburengyerwa-izooba, Soyinka akabugana Obasanjo kumugambira ekigyendererwa ky'Ababiafra ahabwokuba Obasanjo akaba yaacwiremu kwegaita aha gavumenti ya Nigeria. Kwonka okutahirira kwa Biafra ahagati yóburegyerwa eizooba kikarugamu okuhoorera okwakozirwe amahe ga gavumenti eya federo, kandi orutaro rw'omunda rukatandika. Obasanjo akashoboorora gavumenti ya Nigeria orukiiko rwe na Soyinka, yarangirira Soyinka nk'omuheekyera, n'ahabw'ekyo akakwatwa ab'obushoborozi bwa federo kandi yaakomwa kumara emyezi 22.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/07/27/wole.soyinka/index.html Wole Soyinka: Nigeria's Nobel Laureate]". ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. 1 August 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2026.</ref> Akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi n'byevugo arikujuumirira gavumenti ya Nigeria obu yaabaire ari omu kihome.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (2006), ''You Must Set Forth at Dawn'', p. 6.</ref> Omu kutandika kwa 1967, ebihandiiko bye Kongi’s Harvest na Idanre and Other Poems bikashohozibwa.<ref>"[https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/engp06/chapter/wole-soyinka-kongis-harvest/ Wole Soyinka, Kongi's Harvest – African & Caribbean Writing in English]". ''ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Ari na Tom Stoppard, akatunga ekirabo kya John Whiting omuri London. Akatooranwa kuba mukuru w'eishomero rya Drama, Yunivasite ya Ibadan kwonka akaremwa kutwara entebe egyo ahabw'okubohwa omu kwezi kwa munaana. N'obu araabe yaabaire ari omu kihome, omuzaano gwe ogurikwetwa The Lion and The Jewel gukagumizamu gwashohozibwa omuri Accra, Ghana omu Kwamwenda 1967. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Strong Breed bikashohozibwa aba Off-Broadway omu Greenwich Mews Theatre omuri New York City. Omuri 1968, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Jock Campbell-New Statesman Award. Ekibiina kya Negro Ensemble Company kikashohoza Kongi's Harvest aha St. Mark's Theatre, New York.<ref>"[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,838330,00.html Theater: Kongi's Harvest]". ''Time''. 26 April 1968. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X 0040-781X]. Retrieved 7 May 2022.</ref> Akavunuura D. O. Fagunwa's Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irunmale kuruga omu rurimi rwa Yoruba kuza omu Rungyereza. Kikashohozibwa nka The Forest of a Thousand Demons: A Hunter's Saga. === Okurekurwa n'okushohoza ebitabo. === Omu Okwaikumi 1969, emyezi mikye erikuburayo orutaro rw'omunda rukahwa, okusaasira kukarangirirwa, Soyinka hamwe n'abandi basibe b'eby'obutegyeki barekurwa.<ref>PEN America (16 April 2012). "[https://pen.org/case-histories-wole-soyinka/ Case Histories: Wole Soyinka]". ''PEN America''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omu myezi mikye y'okubanza bwanyima y'okurekurwa kwe, Soyinka akaguma aha faamu ya munywani we omu mashuuma ga Bufaransa, ahu yaasherwire kuhuumuraho wenka. Akahandiika The Bacchae of Euripides (1969), ekihandiiko kihindwiremu kushushana enfumu ya Pentheus.<ref name=":3">Killam and Rowe (eds), ''The Companion to African Literature'' (2000), p. 276.</ref> Kandi akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebyevugo omuri London, kikwetwa Poems from Prison. Aha muheru gw'omwaka, akagaruka omu ofiisi ye nk'orikukurira eby'emizaano omuri Ibadan.<ref name=":5">"[https://dailytrust.com/things-to-know-about-prof-wole-soyinka-at-89/ Things To Know About Prof Wole Soyinka At 89]". ''[[:en:Daily_Trust|Daily Trust]]''. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omu 1970, akashohoza omuzaano Kongi's Harvest, kandi omu bwire bumwe akaguhindura nk'omuzaano gwa firimu gw'eiziina niryo rimwe, Kongi's Harvest. Omu Kwamukaaga 1970, akamara omuzaano ogundi, ogurikwetwa Madmen and Specialists.<ref>Ajeluorou, Anote (25 July 2015). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/periscoping-a-senseless-war-in-madmen-and-specialists/ Periscoping A Senseless War In Madmen And Specialists]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</ref> Arikukoragana n'ekibiina ky'abazaani 15 ba Ibadan University Theatre Art Company, akagyenda United States, kureeba Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center omuri Waterford, Connecticut, ahu omuzaano gwe oguyabaire ahererukurieyo kuhandiika gwayorekirwe omurundi gwokubanza.[citation needed] Omu 1971, ekitabo kye ky'ebyevugo ekya A Shuttle in the Crypt kikashohozibwa. Madmen and Specialists kikashohozibwa omuri Ibadan omwaka ogwo.<ref>Lee, Christopher J. (25 March 2020). "[http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/reading-wole-soyinka-s-madmen-and-specialists-time-pandemic Reading Wole Soyinka's 'Madmen and Specialists' in a Time of Pandemic]". ''Warscapes''.</ref> Omu Kwakana 1971, ahabw'okwerarikirira aha mbeera y'eby'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria, Soyinka akarekura emirimo ye aha Yunivasite omuri Ibadan, kandi yaatandika emyaka mingi ayetwaire omubuzaahe. kuza omu buzaahe.<ref name=":6">Adegbamigbe, Ademola (13 July 2019). "[https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/07/13/soyinka-at-85-why-i-detained-him-for-2-years-during-civil-war-yakubu-gowon/ Soyinka at 85: 'Why I Detained Him for 2 Years During the Civil War' - Yakubu Gowon]". ''The NEWS''. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</ref> Soyinka akagyenda omuri Paris, Bufaransa, kutwara omurimo gw'okuzaana nka Patrice Lumumba, mukuru w'eihanga w'okubanza rya Repubulika ya Kongo owaisirwe, omu muzaano ogwashohozibwe Joan Littlewood omu kwakataano 1971 ogurikwetwa Murderous Angels, omuzaano gwa Conor Cruise O'Brien ogwabaire nigukwata aha buremeezi bwa Kongo.<ref name=":4">Gibbs, James. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/soyinka-wole-13-july-1934 Soyinka, Wole 1934–]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 September 2021. (Updated by [[:en:Tanure_Ojaide|Tanure Ojaide]].)</ref><ref>[[:en:Biodun_Jeyifo|Jeyifo, Biodun]] (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nwhlgrVqvYkC&q=%22Murderous+Angels%22%3D&pg=PR27 Chronology]". ''Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, and Postcolonialism''. Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;xxvii. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139439084|9781139439084]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri Paris, ebicweka kuruga omu muzaano gwa Soyinka ogurikumanywa munonga The Dance of The Forests bikazaanwa.<ref>Adenekan, Sulaiman (2016). "[https://www.tradenewswire.net/the-pride-of-africa-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-clocks-85-years-serving-humanity-poetically/ The Pride of Africa: Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka clocks 85 years serving humanity poeticall]y". ''Trade Newswire''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Omu 1972, ekitabo kye Season of Anomy hamwe na Collected Plays byona bikashohozibwa Oxford University Press. Ekihandiiko kye ky'ebirikumukwataho ekya The Man Died, ekirikurundaana ebi yaahandiikire omu kihome, nakyo kikashohozibwa omwaka ogwo.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/biographical/ Wole Soyinka | Biographical]", The Nobel Prize, 1986.</ref> Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Honoris Causa doctorate kuruga omu Yunivasite ya Leeds omuri 1973.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/honorary-degree/ Honorary Degree]", Leeds ''African Studies Bulletin'' 19 (November 1973), pp. 1–2. [Professor Soyinka receiving the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from the Chancellor, HRH the Duchess of Kent, on Thursday 17 May 1973 – image from 'Nobel Prize for Leeds Graduate', ''The Reporter'' (the University of Leeds), 258, 24 October 1986.]</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, National Theatre, London, ekashaba kandi yaatongoza omuzaano The Bacchae of Euripides,<ref name=":3" /> kandi emizaano ye Camwood on the Leaves na Jero's Metamorphosis nayo ekaba eri ey'okubanza kushohozibwa. Akamara omwaka gumwe nk'omugyenyi aha Churchill College, Cambridge<ref>Gumbel, Andrew (3 November 2005). "[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/03/theatre3 Wole Soyinka on how he came to write Death and the King's Horseman]". ''The Guardian''.</ref> (1973–74)<ref name=":4" /> kandi yaahandiika Death and the King's Horseman, ekyashomirwe omurundi gw'okubanza aha Churchill College.<ref name=":5" /> Omu 1974, Oxford University Press ekashohoza Soyinka's Collected Plays, Volume II. Akateeraho hamwe ekitabo kya 1975 Poems of Black Africa, ekyashohoziibwe nka kimwe ahakicweka kya Heinemann African Writers Series.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JtqywAEACAAJ Poems of Black Africa]'', Heinemann African Writers Series, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]. <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780435901714|9780435901714]]</bdi>.</ref> Kandi omuri 1975, Soyinka akakuzibwa yaaza aha ntebe y'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka Transition Magazine, akaabaire nikashangwa omu kibuga ekikuru ekya Ghana ekya Accra, ahu yaafurukiire.<ref name=":6" /> Akakoresa ebihandiiko bye omu magaziini kujumirira abo abarikusaasibwa munonga abairaguju (nk'eky'okureeberaho, ekicweka kye "Neo-Tarzanism: Eby'obutegyeki obwa Pseudo-Transition) hamwe n'obutegyeki bw'amahe. Akeesharinga ahabw'obutegyeki bw'amahe obwa Idi Amin omu Uganda. Bwanyima y'empindahinduka omu by'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria hamwe n'okuhenda gavumenti y'amahe eya Gowon omuri 1975, Soyinka akagaruka omu ihanga rye kandi yaagaruka omu mwanya gwe nka mukuru w'okugyeragyeranisa ebyahandiikirwe. omu Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref name=":6" /> === Okushomesa === Kuruga 1975 kuhisya 1999, Soyinka akaheereza nka Purofeesa w'ebitabo ebirikugyeragyeranisibwa aha Obafemi Awolowo University.<ref>Odinaka (31 July 2018). "[https://www.tori.ng/news/102835/the-house-prof-soyinka-lived-in-during-oau-days-tu.html The House Prof. Soyinka Lived In During OAU Days, Turned Into A Campus Museum (Photos)]". ''Tori.ng''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Amerika, akeegyesa aha Cornell University nk'omuhangu wa Goldwin Smith omu kwega aha Afirika hamwe n'eby'emizaano kuruga 1988 kuhisya 1991. Aha Yunivasite ya Emory, akatooranwa nka Robert W. Woodruff Purofeesa w'eby'emikono omuri 1996 kandi atwire ari Purofeesa w'okuhandiika omu Yunivasite ya Nevada, Las Vegas. Soyinka akaheereza scholar-in-residence omu Institute of African American Affairs eya New York University hamwe na Loyola Marymount University omuri Los Angeles, California. Akegyesa n'aha Yunivasite za Cambridge, Oxford, Harvard na Yale. Akaba ari omwegi w'amaani omu kutuura aha Yunivasite ya Duke omuri 2008.<ref>"[https://alumni.duke.edu/magazine/articles/soyinka-stage Soyinka on Stage | Nobel laureate works with student production of his play]". ''Duke Magazine''. No.&#x20;January–February 2011. 31 January 2011. Retrieved 18 April 2021.</ref> == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == bljazzhuoqknoe2vabyi3ouwi760ixq 7256320 7256317 2026-07-20T09:16:07Z Rooth N 2608660 7256320 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wp/nyn]] '''Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola] 2021, p.&#x20;34.</ref>''', a'''kazaarwa 13 Okwamushanju 1934) n'omuhandiiki Omunigeria, w'emizaano, kandi omuhandiiki w'ebitabo. Akahandiika ebitabo bishatu, by'ebitabo by'emigane mikye eikumi, ebitabo mushanju by'ebyevugo, ebitabo by'emizaano abiri na bitaano, hamwe n'ebitabo bitaano by'ebirikumukwataho.<ref name=":2">Gibbs, James (1986). ''Wole Soyinka''. Basingstoke: [[:en:Macmillan_Publishers|Macmillan]]. p.&#x20;3. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780333305287|9780333305287]]</bdi>.</ref> Ahandiikire ebitabo bibiri ebivunwirwe hamwe n'ebicweka bingi hamwe n'ebitebyo bikye bikye by'okuhandiikisa empapura z'amakuru hamwe n'ebitabo by'obwire bukye. Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel eky'omwaka 1986 omu by'obuhangwa ahabw'okugira ngu akaba naashwijuma "ebintu bingi ebirikukwata aha buhangwa hamwe n'orurimi rw'okwevuga ahabirikukwata aha kubaho kw'abantu".<ref>Abdullahi, Idowu (11 October 2024). "[https://punchng.com/nobel-laureate-award-exposed-me-to-danger-wole-soyinka/ Nobel Laureate award exposed me to danger]". ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Akazaarwa omu ka y'Abakurisitaayo Abayoruba omuri Aké, Abeokuta.<ref>"[https://dawncommission.org/professor-wole-soyinka/ Professor Wole Soyinka – DAWN Commission]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref><ref name=":0">"[https://wolesoyinkalecture.org/about-wole-soyinka-2/ About Wole Soyinka]". ''Wole Soyinka Lecture Series''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Soyinka akatunga obwegyese obw'okumutebeekanisa aha Government College, Ibadan kandi yaagyenda aha University College Ibadan. Omu bwire bw'obwegyese bwe, akatandikaho ekibiina kya Pyrate Confraternity.<ref name=":0" /> Soyinka akaruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza kwega aha Yunivasite ya Leeds. Omu bwire obwo, niwe yaabaire ari omuhandiiki w'akatabo ka yunivasite, The Eagle, atakabaire muhandiiki ow'obutwire omu myaka ya 1950.<ref>"[https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/wole-soyinka/ Wole Soyinka – Narrative Landscape Press]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Bungyereza, akatandika kuhandiika ebitebyo bigufu n'okukora ebihandiiko aha BBC Lecture series. Akahandiika emizaano mingi eyazaanairwe aha reediyo hamwe n'omu myanya y'emizaano omuri Nigeria hamwe na Bungyereza, okukira munonga Royal Court Theatre.<ref>"[https://livingarchive.royalcourttheatre.com/black-plays-1960s/ Black Plays 1960s]". ''Royal Court - Living Archive''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Ebitabo bya Soyinka bingi hamwe n'emizaano ye, nibiteebwaho omuri Nigeria, ekirikworeka ebyafaayo by'eihanga eryo, eby'obuhangwa, hamwe n'oburemeezi bw'eby'obutegyeki. Oyihireho emirimo egi, akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi ebirikujumiirira emitwarize mibi y'abantu omungyeri erikushetsya. Ebihandiiko ebi bikajanjaara omu bantu baingi kandi byakundwa munonga. Atungire obusinguzi n'emizaano ye, otwariiremu The Swamp Dwellers (1958), The Lion and the Jewel (1959), na The Invention (1957), omuzaano gumwe ahayabandize, ogwakoriirwe aha Royal Court Theatre. Soyinka ahandiikire ebitabo bingi, otwariiremu The Interpreters (1965), Season of Anomy (1973), Death and the King's Horseman, Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth (2021), na Harmattan Haze on an African Spring (2012). Omu Kwamushanju 2024, Bola Tinubu akahindura eiziina ry'ekishengye ky'emizaano ekya National Arts Theatre ahanyima ya Soyinka aha mazaarwa ge ag'emyaka 90. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Soyinka akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju 1934 omuri Ake, Abeokuta, Nigeria omu ka y'Abakristaayo ey'obuzaare bw'Abayoruba. Akaba ari owa kabiri omu baana mushanju[a] ba Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, omuheereza w'Abakuristayo kandi mukuru w'eishomero kuruga omu ruganda rw'obugabe orwa Isara-Remo[<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1988 Gibbs 1988], pp.&#x20;526.</ref> hamwe na Grace Soyinka (née Jenkins-Harrison), omushubuuzi kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe kuruga omu ruganda rwa Ransome-Kuti.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFMaduakor1986 Maduakor 1986], pp.&#x20;227.</ref> Nyina Grace hamwe n'ab'eka ye, aba Ransome-Kutis, bakaba bari ab'eka y'amaani omuri Nigeria<ref>Staff writer (9 May 2014). "[https://businessday.ng/family-and-relationships/article/great-dynasties-the-ransome-kutis/ Great Dynasties:The Ransome-Kutis]". ''[[:en:BusinessDay_(Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> abarikugambwaho nk'ekigarukwamu kya Nigeria aha ka ya Kennedy omuri United States. Owaabatandikireho, omusesorodooti w'Abakuristaayo J. J. Ransome-Kuti, akaba ari omuntu w'okubanza omu ihanga rye omu by'okushohoza ebyeshongoro omu myaka ya 1920.<ref>Sansom, Ian. "[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/11/fela-kuti-great-dynasties-ian-sansom Great Dynasties: The Ransome-Kutis]". ''theguardian.com''. Retrieved 17 January 2026.</ref> Kuruga 1940 kuhistya 1946, Soyinka akaba naashoma aha St. Peters Primary School, ahu ishe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eishomero.<ref>"[https://guardian.ng/art/genius-of-the-unconventional-and-the-patterning-of-dualities-wole-soyinkas-early-childhood-part-3/ Genius of the unconventional and the patterning of dualities: Wole Soyinka's early childhood]". ''T[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|he Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akashomera siniya ye Abeokuta Grammar School kandi okushoma kwe okw'okweteekateekyera Yunivasite aha Government College, Ibadan kuruga 1946 kuhisya 1951.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/soyinka-wole-1934/ Wole Soyinka (1934- )]". ''[[:en:BlackPast.org|BlackPast.org]]''. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akaheebwa omwanya omu University College Ibadan, ahu yaashomire ebyahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza, Orugriika, hamwe n'ebyafaayo by'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kuruga 1952 kuhisya 1954.<ref name=":1">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola 2021], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Omu myaka ye y'ahamuheru omu yunivasite, akahandiika omuzaano mugufu aha reediyo, Keffi's Birthday Treat, ogwashohwire omu Kwamushanju 1954 kuruga omu kitongore kya Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1980 Gibbs 1980], p.&#x20;21.</ref> Hamwe n'abeegi bagyenzi be otwariiremu Olumuyiwa Awẹ, Ralph Opara, Aig-Imoukhuede, na Pius Olegbe, akatandikaho ekibiina ekirikwetwa National Association of Seadogs, ekibiina ky'okubanza omuri Nigeria.<ref name=":1" /> Soyinka akafuruka kuruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza omuri 1954 kugumizamu n'emishomo ye omu byahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza aha Yunivasite ya Leeds arikureebererwa G. Wilson Knight.<ref>''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFEncyclopedia_Britannica2024 Encyclopedia Britannica]'' 2024.</ref> Okusharamu kw'okushoma aheeru y'eihanga omu bwire obwo obu okushoma diguri ya kabiri kyabaire kitarikubaho omuri Ibadan kikaba kiri kurabira omuri Joyce M. Green, omukazi Omungyereza owaizire omu University College, Ibadan kuruga Cambridge omuri 1950, kandi owaabaire ari omwe aha beegyesa ba Soyinka kandi owaabaire amuhaire ekihandiiko kirungi eky'okumugambaho omuri Leeds.<ref>Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi (28 July 2019). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/soyinkas-early-romance-with-england-1954-1959-a-cold-chapter-for-an-anti-form-rebel-part-1/ Soyinka's early romance with England 1954-1959: A cold chapter for an anti-form rebel]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 8 January 2026.</ref> Aha yunivasite ya Leeds, akaheereza nk'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka yunivasite akarikushetsya, The Eagle, omuri ako yaahandiika ekicweka aha magara g'eby'okushoma. Omu Kwamunaana 1955, akatandika kukwata ebyeshongoro aha BBC Lecture kandi yaahandiika ebitebyo bigufu nyingi. Omuri 1957, akasingura empaka z'okugamba ezirikubaho buri mwaka ezirikuteebwaho Yunivasite.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFLindfors1974 Lindfors 1974], pp.&#x20;471–486.</ref> == Emirimo == === 1957–1967: Omurimo gwe gw'okubanza === Soyinka akaguma omuri Leeds bwanyima y'okutunga diguri ye eya BA honours omu Rungyereza omuri 1957.<ref name=":2" /> Omu 1957, akatandika kuhandiika emizaano ye ey'okubanza, ''Swamp Dwellers'' na ''The Lion and the Jewel''. Soyinka akaza London kandi yaakora nk'omushomi w'emizaano aha Royal Court Theatre. Akebembera ekibiina kya Nigerian Drama Group ekyakozire The Swamp Dwellers omuri 1958. Omu bwire obwo, emizaano ye ebiri ekazaanwa omuri Ibadan, Nigeria. Omuri 1957, omuzaano gwe, The Invention, gukashohozibwa aha Royal Court Theatre omuri London, kandi gukaba guri omurimo gwe gw'okubanza aha.<ref>"Wole Soyinka". ''African Biography''. Detroit, MI: Gale (published 2 December 2006). 1999. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-2823-9|978-0-7876-2823-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akahandiika ebyevugo, otwariiremu "''The Immigrant''" hamwe na "''My Next Door Neighbour''", ebyareebekire omuri Black Orpheus. Omuri 1959, Soyinka akagaruka Nigeria bwanyima y'okutunga obuhwezi bwa Rockefeller Research Fellowship ahabw'okucondooza kwe aha by'emizaano ya Afirika. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe omwaka nigwo gumwe, akaza omu mwanya gwa Janheinz Jahn nk'omwe ahabahandiiki babiri bakuru ba Black Orpheus.<ref>Jacobs, Alan. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/trials-brother-jero The Trials Of Brother Jero]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu 1960, akamara omuzaano gwe ogwa reediyo Camwood on the Leaves, kandi n'omuzaano gwe ''The Trials of Brother Jero'' gukatongozibwa omu Mellanby Hall residence of University College Ibadan omu Kwakana 1960. Akakora ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Mask omu myaka ya 1960. Omuzaano gwe ogwa A Dance of The Forest, gukatongozibwa nk'omuzaano gw'eizooba ry'okwetegyeka kwa Nigeria, kandi ebiro 1 Okwaikumi 1960, gukatongozibwa omuri Lagos.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[[:en:BlackPast.org|Wole Soyinka (1934- )". ''BlackPast.org'']]. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Omuzaano gwa Soyinka ogw'okubanza ogurikwetwa My Father's Burden, gukaba nigwebemberwa Olusegun Olusola kandi gukaba nigworekwa aha Western Nigeria Television ebiro 6 Okwamunaana 1960.<ref>Uzoatu, Uzor Maxim (5 October 2013). "[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/146108-essential-soyinka-timeline-uzor-maxim-uzoatu.html The Essential Soyinka Timeline]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref> Omu 1962, Soyinka akahandiika ebihandiiko birikurwanirira okushoma n'okuhandiika omuri Nigeria omu bwire obwo otwariiremu "Death of the King's Horsemen" hamwe na "Towards a True Theater", ebyashohoziibwe omu Transition Magazine.<ref>Amayi, Zakayo (22 June 2013). "[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/standard-entertainment/article/2000086475/soyinkas-grumpy-battles-to-defend-literary-legacy Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's grumpy battles to defend literary legacy]". Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa aha Obafemi Awolowo University omuri Ifẹ. Omu 1963, firimu ye y'okubanza, Culture in Transition, ekashohozibwa. Soyinka akarekura omurimo gwe aha Yunivasite omuri 1964, nk'okwesharinga ahabw'emitwarize y'okushagika gavumenti eyateirweho ab'obushoborozi. Akagira ngu ab'obushoborozi omu yunivasite bakakwatanisa eitendekyero n'obutegyeki bwa Samuel Ladoke Akintola obwabaire butarikukundwa. Omu bwire obwo, akakora The Lion and the Jewel<ref>"[https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/critical-responses-to-african-theatre-wole-soyinkas-the-lion-and-the-jewel-by-professor-martin-banham/ Critical Responses to African Theatre: Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel by Professor Martin Banham | Black Plays Archive]". ''www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> omu siizoni y'emizaano omu Rungyereza na Yoruba hamwe n'okutandikaho The Orisun Theatre Company, guruupu ya theatre. Omu 1965, akakora omuzaano gwa gurikujumirira emitwarize mibi omungyeru erikushestya, ''Before the Blackout''.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/african-theatre-soyinka/ Review of African Theatre Soyinka: Blackout, Blowout and Beyond | Centre for African Studies (LUCAS)]". ''lucas.leeds.ac.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuzano gwe, Kongi's Harvest, gukatandika omu Kwamunaana omuri Lagos. Ebiro 14 September 1965, omuzaano gwe The Road gukatandika kworekwa omuri London aha Commonwealth Arts Festival hamwe na Theatre Royal Stratford East. Soyinka akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa mukuru aha Yunivasite ya Lagos. Juba, ekitabo kye ekisya The Interpreters kikashohozibwa André Deutsch omuri London. Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akakomwa omurundi gw'okubanza, yaajunaanwa okukwata reediyo aha mbundu akahindura akatambi k'ebigambo by'enganzi y'ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba n'akatambi akarikujunaana okwiba akaruuru. Akarekurwa bwanyima y'ameezi agamwe g'okukomwa ahabw'okwesharinga kw'abantu b'ensi yoona abahandiiki. Akahandiika n'ekitabo The Detainee, omuzaano gwa reediyo ogwashohozibwe BBC omuri London.<ref>Ezugwu, Obinna (19 July 2021). "[https://hallmarknews.com/salute-to-kongi-at-87/ Salute To Kongi At 87]". ''hallmarknews.com''. Retrieved 13 August 2022.</ref> === 1966–1968: Orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria === Bwanyima y'okuba Mukuru w'ekibiina ky'emizaano aha Yunivasite ya Ibadan, Soyinka akatandika kwejumba omu by'obutegyeki. Bwanyima y'amahe okuhamba obutegyeki omu kwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1966, akabugana omu kihama Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, gavana w'amahe ow'amashuuma g'oburugwa izooba bwa Nigeria omu kugyezaho okuzibira orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria.<ref>"[https://howng.com/professor-wole-soyinka-full-biographylife-and-news/ Professor Wole Soyinka Full Biography, Life And News]". ''howng.com''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Akaza n'omuri Ẹnugu, ahu yabugaine mugyenzi we Omuyoruba, Victor Banjọ, orikukora na gavumenti ya Biafra. Soyinka, owaashabire obushagiki bw'abeebembezi b'amahe omu kicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, akahitsya obutumwa bwa Banjo ahari Lieutenant Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo, owaabaire atoorainwe nk'omuduumizi w'amahe g'omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba. Omumwebazyo gw'akana, Soyinka agarukire omu mahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, amahe ga Biafra gakatahirira ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Bwanyima y'okutwara oburengyerwa-izooba, Soyinka akabugana Obasanjo kumugambira ekigyendererwa ky'Ababiafra ahabwokuba Obasanjo akaba yaacwiremu kwegaita aha gavumenti ya Nigeria. Kwonka okutahirira kwa Biafra ahagati yóburegyerwa eizooba kikarugamu okuhoorera okwakozirwe amahe ga gavumenti eya federo, kandi orutaro rw'omunda rukatandika. Obasanjo akashoboorora gavumenti ya Nigeria orukiiko rwe na Soyinka, yarangirira Soyinka nk'omuheekyera, n'ahabw'ekyo akakwatwa ab'obushoborozi bwa federo kandi yaakomwa kumara emyezi 22.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/07/27/wole.soyinka/index.html Wole Soyinka: Nigeria's Nobel Laureate]". ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. 1 August 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2026.</ref> Akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi n'byevugo arikujuumirira gavumenti ya Nigeria obu yaabaire ari omu kihome.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (2006), ''You Must Set Forth at Dawn'', p. 6.</ref> Omu kutandika kwa 1967, ebihandiiko bye Kongi’s Harvest na Idanre and Other Poems bikashohozibwa.<ref>"[https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/engp06/chapter/wole-soyinka-kongis-harvest/ Wole Soyinka, Kongi's Harvest – African & Caribbean Writing in English]". ''ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Ari na Tom Stoppard, akatunga ekirabo kya John Whiting omuri London. Akatooranwa kuba mukuru w'eishomero rya Drama, Yunivasite ya Ibadan kwonka akaremwa kutwara entebe egyo ahabw'okubohwa omu kwezi kwa munaana. N'obu araabe yaabaire ari omu kihome, omuzaano gwe ogurikwetwa The Lion and The Jewel gukagumizamu gwashohozibwa omuri Accra, Ghana omu Kwamwenda 1967. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Strong Breed bikashohozibwa aba Off-Broadway omu Greenwich Mews Theatre omuri New York City. Omuri 1968, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Jock Campbell-New Statesman Award. Ekibiina kya Negro Ensemble Company kikashohoza Kongi's Harvest aha St. Mark's Theatre, New York.<ref>"[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,838330,00.html Theater: Kongi's Harvest]". ''Time''. 26 April 1968. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X 0040-781X]. Retrieved 7 May 2022.</ref> Akavunuura D. O. Fagunwa's Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irunmale kuruga omu rurimi rwa Yoruba kuza omu Rungyereza. Kikashohozibwa nka The Forest of a Thousand Demons: A Hunter's Saga. === Okurekurwa n'okushohoza ebitabo. === Omu Okwaikumi 1969, emyezi mikye erikuburayo orutaro rw'omunda rukahwa, okusaasira kukarangirirwa, Soyinka hamwe n'abandi basibe b'eby'obutegyeki barekurwa.<ref>PEN America (16 April 2012). "[https://pen.org/case-histories-wole-soyinka/ Case Histories: Wole Soyinka]". ''PEN America''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omu myezi mikye y'okubanza bwanyima y'okurekurwa kwe, Soyinka akaguma aha faamu ya munywani we omu mashuuma ga Bufaransa, ahu yaasherwire kuhuumuraho wenka. Akahandiika The Bacchae of Euripides (1969), ekihandiiko kihindwiremu kushushana enfumu ya Pentheus.<ref name=":3">Killam and Rowe (eds), ''The Companion to African Literature'' (2000), p. 276.</ref> Kandi akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebyevugo omuri London, kikwetwa Poems from Prison. Aha muheru gw'omwaka, akagaruka omu ofiisi ye nk'orikukurira eby'emizaano omuri Ibadan.<ref name=":5">"[https://dailytrust.com/things-to-know-about-prof-wole-soyinka-at-89/ Things To Know About Prof Wole Soyinka At 89]". ''[[:en:Daily_Trust|Daily Trust]]''. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omu 1970, akashohoza omuzaano Kongi's Harvest, kandi omu bwire bumwe akaguhindura nk'omuzaano gwa firimu gw'eiziina niryo rimwe, Kongi's Harvest. Omu Kwamukaaga 1970, akamara omuzaano ogundi, ogurikwetwa Madmen and Specialists.<ref>Ajeluorou, Anote (25 July 2015). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/periscoping-a-senseless-war-in-madmen-and-specialists/ Periscoping A Senseless War In Madmen And Specialists]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</ref> Arikukoragana n'ekibiina ky'abazaani 15 ba Ibadan University Theatre Art Company, akagyenda United States, kureeba Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center omuri Waterford, Connecticut, ahu omuzaano gwe oguyabaire ahererukurieyo kuhandiika gwayorekirwe omurundi gwokubanza.[citation needed] Omu 1971, ekitabo kye ky'ebyevugo ekya A Shuttle in the Crypt kikashohozibwa. Madmen and Specialists kikashohozibwa omuri Ibadan omwaka ogwo.<ref>Lee, Christopher J. (25 March 2020). "[http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/reading-wole-soyinka-s-madmen-and-specialists-time-pandemic Reading Wole Soyinka's 'Madmen and Specialists' in a Time of Pandemic]". ''Warscapes''.</ref> Omu Kwakana 1971, ahabw'okwerarikirira aha mbeera y'eby'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria, Soyinka akarekura emirimo ye aha Yunivasite omuri Ibadan, kandi yaatandika emyaka mingi ayetwaire omubuzaahe. kuza omu buzaahe.<ref name=":6">Adegbamigbe, Ademola (13 July 2019). "[https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/07/13/soyinka-at-85-why-i-detained-him-for-2-years-during-civil-war-yakubu-gowon/ Soyinka at 85: 'Why I Detained Him for 2 Years During the Civil War' - Yakubu Gowon]". ''The NEWS''. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</ref> Soyinka akagyenda omuri Paris, Bufaransa, kutwara omurimo gw'okuzaana nka Patrice Lumumba, mukuru w'eihanga w'okubanza rya Repubulika ya Kongo owaisirwe, omu muzaano ogwashohozibwe Joan Littlewood omu kwakataano 1971 ogurikwetwa Murderous Angels, omuzaano gwa Conor Cruise O'Brien ogwabaire nigukwata aha buremeezi bwa Kongo.<ref name=":4">Gibbs, James. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/soyinka-wole-13-july-1934 Soyinka, Wole 1934–]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 September 2021. (Updated by [[:en:Tanure_Ojaide|Tanure Ojaide]].)</ref><ref>[[:en:Biodun_Jeyifo|Jeyifo, Biodun]] (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nwhlgrVqvYkC&q=%22Murderous+Angels%22%3D&pg=PR27 Chronology]". ''Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, and Postcolonialism''. Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;xxvii. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139439084|9781139439084]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri Paris, ebicweka kuruga omu muzaano gwa Soyinka ogurikumanywa munonga The Dance of The Forests bikazaanwa.<ref>Adenekan, Sulaiman (2016). "[https://www.tradenewswire.net/the-pride-of-africa-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-clocks-85-years-serving-humanity-poetically/ The Pride of Africa: Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka clocks 85 years serving humanity poeticall]y". ''Trade Newswire''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Omu 1972, ekitabo kye Season of Anomy hamwe na Collected Plays byona bikashohozibwa Oxford University Press. Ekihandiiko kye ky'ebirikumukwataho ekya The Man Died, ekirikurundaana ebi yaahandiikire omu kihome, nakyo kikashohozibwa omwaka ogwo.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/biographical/ Wole Soyinka | Biographical]", The Nobel Prize, 1986.</ref> Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Honoris Causa doctorate kuruga omu Yunivasite ya Leeds omuri 1973.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/honorary-degree/ Honorary Degree]", Leeds ''African Studies Bulletin'' 19 (November 1973), pp. 1–2. [Professor Soyinka receiving the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from the Chancellor, HRH the Duchess of Kent, on Thursday 17 May 1973 – image from 'Nobel Prize for Leeds Graduate', ''The Reporter'' (the University of Leeds), 258, 24 October 1986.]</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, National Theatre, London, ekashaba kandi yaatongoza omuzaano The Bacchae of Euripides,<ref name=":3" /> kandi emizaano ye Camwood on the Leaves na Jero's Metamorphosis nayo ekaba eri ey'okubanza kushohozibwa. Akamara omwaka gumwe nk'omugyenyi aha Churchill College, Cambridge<ref>Gumbel, Andrew (3 November 2005). "[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/03/theatre3 Wole Soyinka on how he came to write Death and the King's Horseman]". ''The Guardian''.</ref> (1973–74)<ref name=":4" /> kandi yaahandiika Death and the King's Horseman, ekyashomirwe omurundi gw'okubanza aha Churchill College.<ref name=":5" /> Omu 1974, Oxford University Press ekashohoza Soyinka's Collected Plays, Volume II. Akateeraho hamwe ekitabo kya 1975 Poems of Black Africa, ekyashohoziibwe nka kimwe ahakicweka kya Heinemann African Writers Series.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JtqywAEACAAJ Poems of Black Africa]'', Heinemann African Writers Series, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]. <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780435901714|9780435901714]]</bdi>.</ref> Kandi omuri 1975, Soyinka akakuzibwa yaaza aha ntebe y'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka Transition Magazine, akaabaire nikashangwa omu kibuga ekikuru ekya Ghana ekya Accra, ahu yaafurukiire.<ref name=":6" /> Akakoresa ebihandiiko bye omu magaziini kujumirira abo abarikusaasibwa munonga abairaguju (nk'eky'okureeberaho, ekicweka kye "Neo-Tarzanism: Eby'obutegyeki obwa Pseudo-Transition) hamwe n'obutegyeki bw'amahe. Akeesharinga ahabw'obutegyeki bw'amahe obwa Idi Amin omu Uganda. Bwanyima y'empindahinduka omu by'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria hamwe n'okuhenda gavumenti y'amahe eya Gowon omuri 1975, Soyinka akagaruka omu ihanga rye kandi yaagaruka omu mwanya gwe nka mukuru w'okugyeragyeranisa ebyahandiikirwe. omu Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref name=":6" /> === Okushomesa === Kuruga 1975 kuhisya 1999, Soyinka akaheereza nka Purofeesa w'ebitabo ebirikugyeragyeranisibwa aha Obafemi Awolowo University.<ref>Odinaka (31 July 2018). "[https://www.tori.ng/news/102835/the-house-prof-soyinka-lived-in-during-oau-days-tu.html The House Prof. Soyinka Lived In During OAU Days, Turned Into A Campus Museum (Photos)]". ''Tori.ng''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Amerika, akeegyesa aha Cornell University nk'omuhangu wa Goldwin Smith omu kwega aha Afirika hamwe n'eby'emizaano kuruga 1988 kuhisya 1991. Aha Yunivasite ya Emory, akatooranwa nka Robert W. Woodruff Purofeesa w'eby'emikono omuri 1996 kandi atwire ari Purofeesa w'okuhandiika omu Yunivasite ya Nevada, Las Vegas. Soyinka akaheereza scholar-in-residence omu Institute of African American Affairs eya New York University hamwe na Loyola Marymount University omuri Los Angeles, California. Akegyesa n'aha Yunivasite za Cambridge, Oxford, Harvard na Yale. Akaba ari omwegi w'amaani omu kutuura aha Yunivasite ya Duke omuri 2008.<ref>"[https://alumni.duke.edu/magazine/articles/soyinka-stage Soyinka on Stage | Nobel laureate works with student production of his play]". ''Duke Magazine''. No.&#x20;January–February 2011. 31 January 2011. Retrieved 18 April 2021.</ref> Omu Kwaikumi na kubiri 2017, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Europe Theatre Prize omu kicweka kya "Special Prize" category,[48][49] ekyahairwe omuntu owaabaire "aine ekyayongyeireho omu kuhikiiriza emikoro y'eby'obuhangwa erikureetaho okwetegyereza n'okubagana amagyezi ahagati y'abantu".[50] == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == ixac0domouqdmqu2fv75poaxw3doym0 7256322 7256320 2026-07-20T09:17:09Z Rooth N 2608660 7256322 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wp/nyn]] '''Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola] 2021, p.&#x20;34.</ref>''', a'''kazaarwa 13 Okwamushanju 1934) n'omuhandiiki Omunigeria, w'emizaano, kandi omuhandiiki w'ebitabo. Akahandiika ebitabo bishatu, by'ebitabo by'emigane mikye eikumi, ebitabo mushanju by'ebyevugo, ebitabo by'emizaano abiri na bitaano, hamwe n'ebitabo bitaano by'ebirikumukwataho.<ref name=":2">Gibbs, James (1986). ''Wole Soyinka''. Basingstoke: [[:en:Macmillan_Publishers|Macmillan]]. p.&#x20;3. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780333305287|9780333305287]]</bdi>.</ref> Ahandiikire ebitabo bibiri ebivunwirwe hamwe n'ebicweka bingi hamwe n'ebitebyo bikye bikye by'okuhandiikisa empapura z'amakuru hamwe n'ebitabo by'obwire bukye. Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel eky'omwaka 1986 omu by'obuhangwa ahabw'okugira ngu akaba naashwijuma "ebintu bingi ebirikukwata aha buhangwa hamwe n'orurimi rw'okwevuga ahabirikukwata aha kubaho kw'abantu".<ref>Abdullahi, Idowu (11 October 2024). "[https://punchng.com/nobel-laureate-award-exposed-me-to-danger-wole-soyinka/ Nobel Laureate award exposed me to danger]". ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Akazaarwa omu ka y'Abakurisitaayo Abayoruba omuri Aké, Abeokuta.<ref>"[https://dawncommission.org/professor-wole-soyinka/ Professor Wole Soyinka – DAWN Commission]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref><ref name=":0">"[https://wolesoyinkalecture.org/about-wole-soyinka-2/ About Wole Soyinka]". ''Wole Soyinka Lecture Series''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Soyinka akatunga obwegyese obw'okumutebeekanisa aha Government College, Ibadan kandi yaagyenda aha University College Ibadan. Omu bwire bw'obwegyese bwe, akatandikaho ekibiina kya Pyrate Confraternity.<ref name=":0" /> Soyinka akaruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza kwega aha Yunivasite ya Leeds. Omu bwire obwo, niwe yaabaire ari omuhandiiki w'akatabo ka yunivasite, The Eagle, atakabaire muhandiiki ow'obutwire omu myaka ya 1950.<ref>"[https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/wole-soyinka/ Wole Soyinka – Narrative Landscape Press]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Bungyereza, akatandika kuhandiika ebitebyo bigufu n'okukora ebihandiiko aha BBC Lecture series. Akahandiika emizaano mingi eyazaanairwe aha reediyo hamwe n'omu myanya y'emizaano omuri Nigeria hamwe na Bungyereza, okukira munonga Royal Court Theatre.<ref>"[https://livingarchive.royalcourttheatre.com/black-plays-1960s/ Black Plays 1960s]". ''Royal Court - Living Archive''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Ebitabo bya Soyinka bingi hamwe n'emizaano ye, nibiteebwaho omuri Nigeria, ekirikworeka ebyafaayo by'eihanga eryo, eby'obuhangwa, hamwe n'oburemeezi bw'eby'obutegyeki. Oyihireho emirimo egi, akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi ebirikujumiirira emitwarize mibi y'abantu omungyeri erikushetsya. Ebihandiiko ebi bikajanjaara omu bantu baingi kandi byakundwa munonga. Atungire obusinguzi n'emizaano ye, otwariiremu The Swamp Dwellers (1958), The Lion and the Jewel (1959), na The Invention (1957), omuzaano gumwe ahayabandize, ogwakoriirwe aha Royal Court Theatre. Soyinka ahandiikire ebitabo bingi, otwariiremu The Interpreters (1965), Season of Anomy (1973), Death and the King's Horseman, Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth (2021), na Harmattan Haze on an African Spring (2012). Omu Kwamushanju 2024, Bola Tinubu akahindura eiziina ry'ekishengye ky'emizaano ekya National Arts Theatre ahanyima ya Soyinka aha mazaarwa ge ag'emyaka 90. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Soyinka akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju 1934 omuri Ake, Abeokuta, Nigeria omu ka y'Abakristaayo ey'obuzaare bw'Abayoruba. Akaba ari owa kabiri omu baana mushanju[a] ba Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, omuheereza w'Abakuristayo kandi mukuru w'eishomero kuruga omu ruganda rw'obugabe orwa Isara-Remo[<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1988 Gibbs 1988], pp.&#x20;526.</ref> hamwe na Grace Soyinka (née Jenkins-Harrison), omushubuuzi kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe kuruga omu ruganda rwa Ransome-Kuti.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFMaduakor1986 Maduakor 1986], pp.&#x20;227.</ref> Nyina Grace hamwe n'ab'eka ye, aba Ransome-Kutis, bakaba bari ab'eka y'amaani omuri Nigeria<ref>Staff writer (9 May 2014). "[https://businessday.ng/family-and-relationships/article/great-dynasties-the-ransome-kutis/ Great Dynasties:The Ransome-Kutis]". ''[[:en:BusinessDay_(Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> abarikugambwaho nk'ekigarukwamu kya Nigeria aha ka ya Kennedy omuri United States. Owaabatandikireho, omusesorodooti w'Abakuristaayo J. J. Ransome-Kuti, akaba ari omuntu w'okubanza omu ihanga rye omu by'okushohoza ebyeshongoro omu myaka ya 1920.<ref>Sansom, Ian. "[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/11/fela-kuti-great-dynasties-ian-sansom Great Dynasties: The Ransome-Kutis]". ''theguardian.com''. Retrieved 17 January 2026.</ref> Kuruga 1940 kuhistya 1946, Soyinka akaba naashoma aha St. Peters Primary School, ahu ishe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eishomero.<ref>"[https://guardian.ng/art/genius-of-the-unconventional-and-the-patterning-of-dualities-wole-soyinkas-early-childhood-part-3/ Genius of the unconventional and the patterning of dualities: Wole Soyinka's early childhood]". ''T[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|he Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akashomera siniya ye Abeokuta Grammar School kandi okushoma kwe okw'okweteekateekyera Yunivasite aha Government College, Ibadan kuruga 1946 kuhisya 1951.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/soyinka-wole-1934/ Wole Soyinka (1934- )]". ''[[:en:BlackPast.org|BlackPast.org]]''. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akaheebwa omwanya omu University College Ibadan, ahu yaashomire ebyahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza, Orugriika, hamwe n'ebyafaayo by'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kuruga 1952 kuhisya 1954.<ref name=":1">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola 2021], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Omu myaka ye y'ahamuheru omu yunivasite, akahandiika omuzaano mugufu aha reediyo, Keffi's Birthday Treat, ogwashohwire omu Kwamushanju 1954 kuruga omu kitongore kya Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1980 Gibbs 1980], p.&#x20;21.</ref> Hamwe n'abeegi bagyenzi be otwariiremu Olumuyiwa Awẹ, Ralph Opara, Aig-Imoukhuede, na Pius Olegbe, akatandikaho ekibiina ekirikwetwa National Association of Seadogs, ekibiina ky'okubanza omuri Nigeria.<ref name=":1" /> Soyinka akafuruka kuruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza omuri 1954 kugumizamu n'emishomo ye omu byahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza aha Yunivasite ya Leeds arikureebererwa G. Wilson Knight.<ref>''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFEncyclopedia_Britannica2024 Encyclopedia Britannica]'' 2024.</ref> Okusharamu kw'okushoma aheeru y'eihanga omu bwire obwo obu okushoma diguri ya kabiri kyabaire kitarikubaho omuri Ibadan kikaba kiri kurabira omuri Joyce M. Green, omukazi Omungyereza owaizire omu University College, Ibadan kuruga Cambridge omuri 1950, kandi owaabaire ari omwe aha beegyesa ba Soyinka kandi owaabaire amuhaire ekihandiiko kirungi eky'okumugambaho omuri Leeds.<ref>Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi (28 July 2019). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/soyinkas-early-romance-with-england-1954-1959-a-cold-chapter-for-an-anti-form-rebel-part-1/ Soyinka's early romance with England 1954-1959: A cold chapter for an anti-form rebel]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 8 January 2026.</ref> Aha yunivasite ya Leeds, akaheereza nk'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka yunivasite akarikushetsya, The Eagle, omuri ako yaahandiika ekicweka aha magara g'eby'okushoma. Omu Kwamunaana 1955, akatandika kukwata ebyeshongoro aha BBC Lecture kandi yaahandiika ebitebyo bigufu nyingi. Omuri 1957, akasingura empaka z'okugamba ezirikubaho buri mwaka ezirikuteebwaho Yunivasite.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFLindfors1974 Lindfors 1974], pp.&#x20;471–486.</ref> == Emirimo == === 1957–1967: Omurimo gwe gw'okubanza === Soyinka akaguma omuri Leeds bwanyima y'okutunga diguri ye eya BA honours omu Rungyereza omuri 1957.<ref name=":2" /> Omu 1957, akatandika kuhandiika emizaano ye ey'okubanza, ''Swamp Dwellers'' na ''The Lion and the Jewel''. Soyinka akaza London kandi yaakora nk'omushomi w'emizaano aha Royal Court Theatre. Akebembera ekibiina kya Nigerian Drama Group ekyakozire The Swamp Dwellers omuri 1958. Omu bwire obwo, emizaano ye ebiri ekazaanwa omuri Ibadan, Nigeria. Omuri 1957, omuzaano gwe, The Invention, gukashohozibwa aha Royal Court Theatre omuri London, kandi gukaba guri omurimo gwe gw'okubanza aha.<ref>"Wole Soyinka". ''African Biography''. Detroit, MI: Gale (published 2 December 2006). 1999. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-2823-9|978-0-7876-2823-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akahandiika ebyevugo, otwariiremu "''The Immigrant''" hamwe na "''My Next Door Neighbour''", ebyareebekire omuri Black Orpheus. Omuri 1959, Soyinka akagaruka Nigeria bwanyima y'okutunga obuhwezi bwa Rockefeller Research Fellowship ahabw'okucondooza kwe aha by'emizaano ya Afirika. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe omwaka nigwo gumwe, akaza omu mwanya gwa Janheinz Jahn nk'omwe ahabahandiiki babiri bakuru ba Black Orpheus.<ref>Jacobs, Alan. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/trials-brother-jero The Trials Of Brother Jero]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu 1960, akamara omuzaano gwe ogwa reediyo Camwood on the Leaves, kandi n'omuzaano gwe ''The Trials of Brother Jero'' gukatongozibwa omu Mellanby Hall residence of University College Ibadan omu Kwakana 1960. Akakora ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Mask omu myaka ya 1960. Omuzaano gwe ogwa A Dance of The Forest, gukatongozibwa nk'omuzaano gw'eizooba ry'okwetegyeka kwa Nigeria, kandi ebiro 1 Okwaikumi 1960, gukatongozibwa omuri Lagos.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[[:en:BlackPast.org|Wole Soyinka (1934- )". ''BlackPast.org'']]. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Omuzaano gwa Soyinka ogw'okubanza ogurikwetwa My Father's Burden, gukaba nigwebemberwa Olusegun Olusola kandi gukaba nigworekwa aha Western Nigeria Television ebiro 6 Okwamunaana 1960.<ref>Uzoatu, Uzor Maxim (5 October 2013). "[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/146108-essential-soyinka-timeline-uzor-maxim-uzoatu.html The Essential Soyinka Timeline]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref> Omu 1962, Soyinka akahandiika ebihandiiko birikurwanirira okushoma n'okuhandiika omuri Nigeria omu bwire obwo otwariiremu "Death of the King's Horsemen" hamwe na "Towards a True Theater", ebyashohoziibwe omu Transition Magazine.<ref>Amayi, Zakayo (22 June 2013). "[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/standard-entertainment/article/2000086475/soyinkas-grumpy-battles-to-defend-literary-legacy Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's grumpy battles to defend literary legacy]". Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa aha Obafemi Awolowo University omuri Ifẹ. Omu 1963, firimu ye y'okubanza, Culture in Transition, ekashohozibwa. Soyinka akarekura omurimo gwe aha Yunivasite omuri 1964, nk'okwesharinga ahabw'emitwarize y'okushagika gavumenti eyateirweho ab'obushoborozi. Akagira ngu ab'obushoborozi omu yunivasite bakakwatanisa eitendekyero n'obutegyeki bwa Samuel Ladoke Akintola obwabaire butarikukundwa. Omu bwire obwo, akakora The Lion and the Jewel<ref>"[https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/critical-responses-to-african-theatre-wole-soyinkas-the-lion-and-the-jewel-by-professor-martin-banham/ Critical Responses to African Theatre: Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel by Professor Martin Banham | Black Plays Archive]". ''www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> omu siizoni y'emizaano omu Rungyereza na Yoruba hamwe n'okutandikaho The Orisun Theatre Company, guruupu ya theatre. Omu 1965, akakora omuzaano gwa gurikujumirira emitwarize mibi omungyeru erikushestya, ''Before the Blackout''.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/african-theatre-soyinka/ Review of African Theatre Soyinka: Blackout, Blowout and Beyond | Centre for African Studies (LUCAS)]". ''lucas.leeds.ac.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuzano gwe, Kongi's Harvest, gukatandika omu Kwamunaana omuri Lagos. Ebiro 14 September 1965, omuzaano gwe The Road gukatandika kworekwa omuri London aha Commonwealth Arts Festival hamwe na Theatre Royal Stratford East. Soyinka akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa mukuru aha Yunivasite ya Lagos. Juba, ekitabo kye ekisya The Interpreters kikashohozibwa André Deutsch omuri London. Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akakomwa omurundi gw'okubanza, yaajunaanwa okukwata reediyo aha mbundu akahindura akatambi k'ebigambo by'enganzi y'ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba n'akatambi akarikujunaana okwiba akaruuru. Akarekurwa bwanyima y'ameezi agamwe g'okukomwa ahabw'okwesharinga kw'abantu b'ensi yoona abahandiiki. Akahandiika n'ekitabo The Detainee, omuzaano gwa reediyo ogwashohozibwe BBC omuri London.<ref>Ezugwu, Obinna (19 July 2021). "[https://hallmarknews.com/salute-to-kongi-at-87/ Salute To Kongi At 87]". ''hallmarknews.com''. Retrieved 13 August 2022.</ref> === 1966–1968: Orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria === Bwanyima y'okuba Mukuru w'ekibiina ky'emizaano aha Yunivasite ya Ibadan, Soyinka akatandika kwejumba omu by'obutegyeki. Bwanyima y'amahe okuhamba obutegyeki omu kwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1966, akabugana omu kihama Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, gavana w'amahe ow'amashuuma g'oburugwa izooba bwa Nigeria omu kugyezaho okuzibira orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria.<ref>"[https://howng.com/professor-wole-soyinka-full-biographylife-and-news/ Professor Wole Soyinka Full Biography, Life And News]". ''howng.com''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Akaza n'omuri Ẹnugu, ahu yabugaine mugyenzi we Omuyoruba, Victor Banjọ, orikukora na gavumenti ya Biafra. Soyinka, owaashabire obushagiki bw'abeebembezi b'amahe omu kicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, akahitsya obutumwa bwa Banjo ahari Lieutenant Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo, owaabaire atoorainwe nk'omuduumizi w'amahe g'omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba. Omumwebazyo gw'akana, Soyinka agarukire omu mahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, amahe ga Biafra gakatahirira ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Bwanyima y'okutwara oburengyerwa-izooba, Soyinka akabugana Obasanjo kumugambira ekigyendererwa ky'Ababiafra ahabwokuba Obasanjo akaba yaacwiremu kwegaita aha gavumenti ya Nigeria. Kwonka okutahirira kwa Biafra ahagati yóburegyerwa eizooba kikarugamu okuhoorera okwakozirwe amahe ga gavumenti eya federo, kandi orutaro rw'omunda rukatandika. Obasanjo akashoboorora gavumenti ya Nigeria orukiiko rwe na Soyinka, yarangirira Soyinka nk'omuheekyera, n'ahabw'ekyo akakwatwa ab'obushoborozi bwa federo kandi yaakomwa kumara emyezi 22.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/07/27/wole.soyinka/index.html Wole Soyinka: Nigeria's Nobel Laureate]". ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. 1 August 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2026.</ref> Akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi n'byevugo arikujuumirira gavumenti ya Nigeria obu yaabaire ari omu kihome.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (2006), ''You Must Set Forth at Dawn'', p. 6.</ref> Omu kutandika kwa 1967, ebihandiiko bye Kongi’s Harvest na Idanre and Other Poems bikashohozibwa.<ref>"[https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/engp06/chapter/wole-soyinka-kongis-harvest/ Wole Soyinka, Kongi's Harvest – African & Caribbean Writing in English]". ''ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Ari na Tom Stoppard, akatunga ekirabo kya John Whiting omuri London. Akatooranwa kuba mukuru w'eishomero rya Drama, Yunivasite ya Ibadan kwonka akaremwa kutwara entebe egyo ahabw'okubohwa omu kwezi kwa munaana. N'obu araabe yaabaire ari omu kihome, omuzaano gwe ogurikwetwa The Lion and The Jewel gukagumizamu gwashohozibwa omuri Accra, Ghana omu Kwamwenda 1967. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Strong Breed bikashohozibwa aba Off-Broadway omu Greenwich Mews Theatre omuri New York City. Omuri 1968, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Jock Campbell-New Statesman Award. Ekibiina kya Negro Ensemble Company kikashohoza Kongi's Harvest aha St. Mark's Theatre, New York.<ref>"[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,838330,00.html Theater: Kongi's Harvest]". ''Time''. 26 April 1968. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X 0040-781X]. Retrieved 7 May 2022.</ref> Akavunuura D. O. Fagunwa's Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irunmale kuruga omu rurimi rwa Yoruba kuza omu Rungyereza. Kikashohozibwa nka The Forest of a Thousand Demons: A Hunter's Saga. === Okurekurwa n'okushohoza ebitabo. === Omu Okwaikumi 1969, emyezi mikye erikuburayo orutaro rw'omunda rukahwa, okusaasira kukarangirirwa, Soyinka hamwe n'abandi basibe b'eby'obutegyeki barekurwa.<ref>PEN America (16 April 2012). "[https://pen.org/case-histories-wole-soyinka/ Case Histories: Wole Soyinka]". ''PEN America''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omu myezi mikye y'okubanza bwanyima y'okurekurwa kwe, Soyinka akaguma aha faamu ya munywani we omu mashuuma ga Bufaransa, ahu yaasherwire kuhuumuraho wenka. Akahandiika The Bacchae of Euripides (1969), ekihandiiko kihindwiremu kushushana enfumu ya Pentheus.<ref name=":3">Killam and Rowe (eds), ''The Companion to African Literature'' (2000), p. 276.</ref> Kandi akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebyevugo omuri London, kikwetwa Poems from Prison. Aha muheru gw'omwaka, akagaruka omu ofiisi ye nk'orikukurira eby'emizaano omuri Ibadan.<ref name=":5">"[https://dailytrust.com/things-to-know-about-prof-wole-soyinka-at-89/ Things To Know About Prof Wole Soyinka At 89]". ''[[:en:Daily_Trust|Daily Trust]]''. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omu 1970, akashohoza omuzaano Kongi's Harvest, kandi omu bwire bumwe akaguhindura nk'omuzaano gwa firimu gw'eiziina niryo rimwe, Kongi's Harvest. Omu Kwamukaaga 1970, akamara omuzaano ogundi, ogurikwetwa Madmen and Specialists.<ref>Ajeluorou, Anote (25 July 2015). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/periscoping-a-senseless-war-in-madmen-and-specialists/ Periscoping A Senseless War In Madmen And Specialists]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</ref> Arikukoragana n'ekibiina ky'abazaani 15 ba Ibadan University Theatre Art Company, akagyenda United States, kureeba Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center omuri Waterford, Connecticut, ahu omuzaano gwe oguyabaire ahererukurieyo kuhandiika gwayorekirwe omurundi gwokubanza.[citation needed] Omu 1971, ekitabo kye ky'ebyevugo ekya A Shuttle in the Crypt kikashohozibwa. Madmen and Specialists kikashohozibwa omuri Ibadan omwaka ogwo.<ref>Lee, Christopher J. (25 March 2020). "[http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/reading-wole-soyinka-s-madmen-and-specialists-time-pandemic Reading Wole Soyinka's 'Madmen and Specialists' in a Time of Pandemic]". ''Warscapes''.</ref> Omu Kwakana 1971, ahabw'okwerarikirira aha mbeera y'eby'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria, Soyinka akarekura emirimo ye aha Yunivasite omuri Ibadan, kandi yaatandika emyaka mingi ayetwaire omubuzaahe. kuza omu buzaahe.<ref name=":6">Adegbamigbe, Ademola (13 July 2019). "[https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/07/13/soyinka-at-85-why-i-detained-him-for-2-years-during-civil-war-yakubu-gowon/ Soyinka at 85: 'Why I Detained Him for 2 Years During the Civil War' - Yakubu Gowon]". ''The NEWS''. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</ref> Soyinka akagyenda omuri Paris, Bufaransa, kutwara omurimo gw'okuzaana nka Patrice Lumumba, mukuru w'eihanga w'okubanza rya Repubulika ya Kongo owaisirwe, omu muzaano ogwashohozibwe Joan Littlewood omu kwakataano 1971 ogurikwetwa Murderous Angels, omuzaano gwa Conor Cruise O'Brien ogwabaire nigukwata aha buremeezi bwa Kongo.<ref name=":4">Gibbs, James. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/soyinka-wole-13-july-1934 Soyinka, Wole 1934–]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 September 2021. (Updated by [[:en:Tanure_Ojaide|Tanure Ojaide]].)</ref><ref>[[:en:Biodun_Jeyifo|Jeyifo, Biodun]] (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nwhlgrVqvYkC&q=%22Murderous+Angels%22%3D&pg=PR27 Chronology]". ''Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, and Postcolonialism''. Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;xxvii. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139439084|9781139439084]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri Paris, ebicweka kuruga omu muzaano gwa Soyinka ogurikumanywa munonga The Dance of The Forests bikazaanwa.<ref>Adenekan, Sulaiman (2016). "[https://www.tradenewswire.net/the-pride-of-africa-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-clocks-85-years-serving-humanity-poetically/ The Pride of Africa: Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka clocks 85 years serving humanity poeticall]y". ''Trade Newswire''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Omu 1972, ekitabo kye Season of Anomy hamwe na Collected Plays byona bikashohozibwa Oxford University Press. Ekihandiiko kye ky'ebirikumukwataho ekya The Man Died, ekirikurundaana ebi yaahandiikire omu kihome, nakyo kikashohozibwa omwaka ogwo.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/biographical/ Wole Soyinka | Biographical]", The Nobel Prize, 1986.</ref> Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Honoris Causa doctorate kuruga omu Yunivasite ya Leeds omuri 1973.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/honorary-degree/ Honorary Degree]", Leeds ''African Studies Bulletin'' 19 (November 1973), pp. 1–2. [Professor Soyinka receiving the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from the Chancellor, HRH the Duchess of Kent, on Thursday 17 May 1973 – image from 'Nobel Prize for Leeds Graduate', ''The Reporter'' (the University of Leeds), 258, 24 October 1986.]</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, National Theatre, London, ekashaba kandi yaatongoza omuzaano The Bacchae of Euripides,<ref name=":3" /> kandi emizaano ye Camwood on the Leaves na Jero's Metamorphosis nayo ekaba eri ey'okubanza kushohozibwa. Akamara omwaka gumwe nk'omugyenyi aha Churchill College, Cambridge<ref>Gumbel, Andrew (3 November 2005). "[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/03/theatre3 Wole Soyinka on how he came to write Death and the King's Horseman]". ''The Guardian''.</ref> (1973–74)<ref name=":4" /> kandi yaahandiika Death and the King's Horseman, ekyashomirwe omurundi gw'okubanza aha Churchill College.<ref name=":5" /> Omu 1974, Oxford University Press ekashohoza Soyinka's Collected Plays, Volume II. Akateeraho hamwe ekitabo kya 1975 Poems of Black Africa, ekyashohoziibwe nka kimwe ahakicweka kya Heinemann African Writers Series.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JtqywAEACAAJ Poems of Black Africa]'', Heinemann African Writers Series, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]. <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780435901714|9780435901714]]</bdi>.</ref> Kandi omuri 1975, Soyinka akakuzibwa yaaza aha ntebe y'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka Transition Magazine, akaabaire nikashangwa omu kibuga ekikuru ekya Ghana ekya Accra, ahu yaafurukiire.<ref name=":6" /> Akakoresa ebihandiiko bye omu magaziini kujumirira abo abarikusaasibwa munonga abairaguju (nk'eky'okureeberaho, ekicweka kye "Neo-Tarzanism: Eby'obutegyeki obwa Pseudo-Transition) hamwe n'obutegyeki bw'amahe. Akeesharinga ahabw'obutegyeki bw'amahe obwa Idi Amin omu Uganda. Bwanyima y'empindahinduka omu by'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria hamwe n'okuhenda gavumenti y'amahe eya Gowon omuri 1975, Soyinka akagaruka omu ihanga rye kandi yaagaruka omu mwanya gwe nka mukuru w'okugyeragyeranisa ebyahandiikirwe. omu Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref name=":6" /> === Okushomesa === Kuruga 1975 kuhisya 1999, Soyinka akaheereza nka Purofeesa w'ebitabo ebirikugyeragyeranisibwa aha Obafemi Awolowo University.<ref>Odinaka (31 July 2018). "[https://www.tori.ng/news/102835/the-house-prof-soyinka-lived-in-during-oau-days-tu.html The House Prof. Soyinka Lived In During OAU Days, Turned Into A Campus Museum (Photos)]". ''Tori.ng''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Amerika, akeegyesa aha Cornell University nk'omuhangu wa Goldwin Smith omu kwega aha Afirika hamwe n'eby'emizaano kuruga 1988 kuhisya 1991. Aha Yunivasite ya Emory, akatooranwa nka Robert W. Woodruff Purofeesa w'eby'emikono omuri 1996 kandi atwire ari Purofeesa w'okuhandiika omu Yunivasite ya Nevada, Las Vegas. Soyinka akaheereza scholar-in-residence omu Institute of African American Affairs eya New York University hamwe na Loyola Marymount University omuri Los Angeles, California. Akegyesa n'aha Yunivasite za Cambridge, Oxford, Harvard na Yale. Akaba ari omwegi w'amaani omu kutuura aha Yunivasite ya Duke omuri 2008.<ref>"[https://alumni.duke.edu/magazine/articles/soyinka-stage Soyinka on Stage | Nobel laureate works with student production of his play]". ''Duke Magazine''. No.&#x20;January–February 2011. 31 January 2011. Retrieved 18 April 2021.</ref> Omu Kwaikumi na kubiri 2017, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Europe Theatre Prize omu kicweka kya "Special Prize" category,<ref>Ajibade, Kunle (12 December 2017). "[https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2017/12/12/wole-soyinka-wins-europe-theatre-prize/ Wole Soyinka Wins The Europe Theatre Prize]". ''[[:en:P.M._News|P.M. News]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref>[49] ekyahairwe omuntu owaabaire "aine ekyayongyeireho omu kuhikiiriza emikoro y'eby'obuhangwa erikureetaho okwetegyereza n'okubagana amagyezi ahagati y'abantu".[50] == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == szde51awnldpa27w30h6st0qmwmxd1s 7256324 7256322 2026-07-20T09:17:50Z Rooth N 2608660 7256324 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wp/nyn]] '''Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola] 2021, p.&#x20;34.</ref>''', a'''kazaarwa 13 Okwamushanju 1934) n'omuhandiiki Omunigeria, w'emizaano, kandi omuhandiiki w'ebitabo. Akahandiika ebitabo bishatu, by'ebitabo by'emigane mikye eikumi, ebitabo mushanju by'ebyevugo, ebitabo by'emizaano abiri na bitaano, hamwe n'ebitabo bitaano by'ebirikumukwataho.<ref name=":2">Gibbs, James (1986). ''Wole Soyinka''. Basingstoke: [[:en:Macmillan_Publishers|Macmillan]]. p.&#x20;3. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780333305287|9780333305287]]</bdi>.</ref> Ahandiikire ebitabo bibiri ebivunwirwe hamwe n'ebicweka bingi hamwe n'ebitebyo bikye bikye by'okuhandiikisa empapura z'amakuru hamwe n'ebitabo by'obwire bukye. Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel eky'omwaka 1986 omu by'obuhangwa ahabw'okugira ngu akaba naashwijuma "ebintu bingi ebirikukwata aha buhangwa hamwe n'orurimi rw'okwevuga ahabirikukwata aha kubaho kw'abantu".<ref>Abdullahi, Idowu (11 October 2024). "[https://punchng.com/nobel-laureate-award-exposed-me-to-danger-wole-soyinka/ Nobel Laureate award exposed me to danger]". ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Akazaarwa omu ka y'Abakurisitaayo Abayoruba omuri Aké, Abeokuta.<ref>"[https://dawncommission.org/professor-wole-soyinka/ Professor Wole Soyinka – DAWN Commission]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref><ref name=":0">"[https://wolesoyinkalecture.org/about-wole-soyinka-2/ About Wole Soyinka]". ''Wole Soyinka Lecture Series''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Soyinka akatunga obwegyese obw'okumutebeekanisa aha Government College, Ibadan kandi yaagyenda aha University College Ibadan. Omu bwire bw'obwegyese bwe, akatandikaho ekibiina kya Pyrate Confraternity.<ref name=":0" /> Soyinka akaruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza kwega aha Yunivasite ya Leeds. Omu bwire obwo, niwe yaabaire ari omuhandiiki w'akatabo ka yunivasite, The Eagle, atakabaire muhandiiki ow'obutwire omu myaka ya 1950.<ref>"[https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/wole-soyinka/ Wole Soyinka – Narrative Landscape Press]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Bungyereza, akatandika kuhandiika ebitebyo bigufu n'okukora ebihandiiko aha BBC Lecture series. Akahandiika emizaano mingi eyazaanairwe aha reediyo hamwe n'omu myanya y'emizaano omuri Nigeria hamwe na Bungyereza, okukira munonga Royal Court Theatre.<ref>"[https://livingarchive.royalcourttheatre.com/black-plays-1960s/ Black Plays 1960s]". ''Royal Court - Living Archive''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Ebitabo bya Soyinka bingi hamwe n'emizaano ye, nibiteebwaho omuri Nigeria, ekirikworeka ebyafaayo by'eihanga eryo, eby'obuhangwa, hamwe n'oburemeezi bw'eby'obutegyeki. Oyihireho emirimo egi, akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi ebirikujumiirira emitwarize mibi y'abantu omungyeri erikushetsya. Ebihandiiko ebi bikajanjaara omu bantu baingi kandi byakundwa munonga. Atungire obusinguzi n'emizaano ye, otwariiremu The Swamp Dwellers (1958), The Lion and the Jewel (1959), na The Invention (1957), omuzaano gumwe ahayabandize, ogwakoriirwe aha Royal Court Theatre. Soyinka ahandiikire ebitabo bingi, otwariiremu The Interpreters (1965), Season of Anomy (1973), Death and the King's Horseman, Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth (2021), na Harmattan Haze on an African Spring (2012). Omu Kwamushanju 2024, Bola Tinubu akahindura eiziina ry'ekishengye ky'emizaano ekya National Arts Theatre ahanyima ya Soyinka aha mazaarwa ge ag'emyaka 90. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Soyinka akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju 1934 omuri Ake, Abeokuta, Nigeria omu ka y'Abakristaayo ey'obuzaare bw'Abayoruba. Akaba ari owa kabiri omu baana mushanju[a] ba Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, omuheereza w'Abakuristayo kandi mukuru w'eishomero kuruga omu ruganda rw'obugabe orwa Isara-Remo[<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1988 Gibbs 1988], pp.&#x20;526.</ref> hamwe na Grace Soyinka (née Jenkins-Harrison), omushubuuzi kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe kuruga omu ruganda rwa Ransome-Kuti.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFMaduakor1986 Maduakor 1986], pp.&#x20;227.</ref> Nyina Grace hamwe n'ab'eka ye, aba Ransome-Kutis, bakaba bari ab'eka y'amaani omuri Nigeria<ref>Staff writer (9 May 2014). "[https://businessday.ng/family-and-relationships/article/great-dynasties-the-ransome-kutis/ Great Dynasties:The Ransome-Kutis]". ''[[:en:BusinessDay_(Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> abarikugambwaho nk'ekigarukwamu kya Nigeria aha ka ya Kennedy omuri United States. Owaabatandikireho, omusesorodooti w'Abakuristaayo J. J. Ransome-Kuti, akaba ari omuntu w'okubanza omu ihanga rye omu by'okushohoza ebyeshongoro omu myaka ya 1920.<ref>Sansom, Ian. "[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/11/fela-kuti-great-dynasties-ian-sansom Great Dynasties: The Ransome-Kutis]". ''theguardian.com''. Retrieved 17 January 2026.</ref> Kuruga 1940 kuhistya 1946, Soyinka akaba naashoma aha St. Peters Primary School, ahu ishe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eishomero.<ref>"[https://guardian.ng/art/genius-of-the-unconventional-and-the-patterning-of-dualities-wole-soyinkas-early-childhood-part-3/ Genius of the unconventional and the patterning of dualities: Wole Soyinka's early childhood]". ''T[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|he Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akashomera siniya ye Abeokuta Grammar School kandi okushoma kwe okw'okweteekateekyera Yunivasite aha Government College, Ibadan kuruga 1946 kuhisya 1951.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/soyinka-wole-1934/ Wole Soyinka (1934- )]". ''[[:en:BlackPast.org|BlackPast.org]]''. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akaheebwa omwanya omu University College Ibadan, ahu yaashomire ebyahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza, Orugriika, hamwe n'ebyafaayo by'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kuruga 1952 kuhisya 1954.<ref name=":1">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola 2021], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Omu myaka ye y'ahamuheru omu yunivasite, akahandiika omuzaano mugufu aha reediyo, Keffi's Birthday Treat, ogwashohwire omu Kwamushanju 1954 kuruga omu kitongore kya Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1980 Gibbs 1980], p.&#x20;21.</ref> Hamwe n'abeegi bagyenzi be otwariiremu Olumuyiwa Awẹ, Ralph Opara, Aig-Imoukhuede, na Pius Olegbe, akatandikaho ekibiina ekirikwetwa National Association of Seadogs, ekibiina ky'okubanza omuri Nigeria.<ref name=":1" /> Soyinka akafuruka kuruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza omuri 1954 kugumizamu n'emishomo ye omu byahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza aha Yunivasite ya Leeds arikureebererwa G. Wilson Knight.<ref>''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFEncyclopedia_Britannica2024 Encyclopedia Britannica]'' 2024.</ref> Okusharamu kw'okushoma aheeru y'eihanga omu bwire obwo obu okushoma diguri ya kabiri kyabaire kitarikubaho omuri Ibadan kikaba kiri kurabira omuri Joyce M. Green, omukazi Omungyereza owaizire omu University College, Ibadan kuruga Cambridge omuri 1950, kandi owaabaire ari omwe aha beegyesa ba Soyinka kandi owaabaire amuhaire ekihandiiko kirungi eky'okumugambaho omuri Leeds.<ref>Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi (28 July 2019). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/soyinkas-early-romance-with-england-1954-1959-a-cold-chapter-for-an-anti-form-rebel-part-1/ Soyinka's early romance with England 1954-1959: A cold chapter for an anti-form rebel]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 8 January 2026.</ref> Aha yunivasite ya Leeds, akaheereza nk'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka yunivasite akarikushetsya, The Eagle, omuri ako yaahandiika ekicweka aha magara g'eby'okushoma. Omu Kwamunaana 1955, akatandika kukwata ebyeshongoro aha BBC Lecture kandi yaahandiika ebitebyo bigufu nyingi. Omuri 1957, akasingura empaka z'okugamba ezirikubaho buri mwaka ezirikuteebwaho Yunivasite.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFLindfors1974 Lindfors 1974], pp.&#x20;471–486.</ref> == Emirimo == === 1957–1967: Omurimo gwe gw'okubanza === Soyinka akaguma omuri Leeds bwanyima y'okutunga diguri ye eya BA honours omu Rungyereza omuri 1957.<ref name=":2" /> Omu 1957, akatandika kuhandiika emizaano ye ey'okubanza, ''Swamp Dwellers'' na ''The Lion and the Jewel''. Soyinka akaza London kandi yaakora nk'omushomi w'emizaano aha Royal Court Theatre. Akebembera ekibiina kya Nigerian Drama Group ekyakozire The Swamp Dwellers omuri 1958. Omu bwire obwo, emizaano ye ebiri ekazaanwa omuri Ibadan, Nigeria. Omuri 1957, omuzaano gwe, The Invention, gukashohozibwa aha Royal Court Theatre omuri London, kandi gukaba guri omurimo gwe gw'okubanza aha.<ref>"Wole Soyinka". ''African Biography''. Detroit, MI: Gale (published 2 December 2006). 1999. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-2823-9|978-0-7876-2823-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akahandiika ebyevugo, otwariiremu "''The Immigrant''" hamwe na "''My Next Door Neighbour''", ebyareebekire omuri Black Orpheus. Omuri 1959, Soyinka akagaruka Nigeria bwanyima y'okutunga obuhwezi bwa Rockefeller Research Fellowship ahabw'okucondooza kwe aha by'emizaano ya Afirika. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe omwaka nigwo gumwe, akaza omu mwanya gwa Janheinz Jahn nk'omwe ahabahandiiki babiri bakuru ba Black Orpheus.<ref>Jacobs, Alan. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/trials-brother-jero The Trials Of Brother Jero]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu 1960, akamara omuzaano gwe ogwa reediyo Camwood on the Leaves, kandi n'omuzaano gwe ''The Trials of Brother Jero'' gukatongozibwa omu Mellanby Hall residence of University College Ibadan omu Kwakana 1960. Akakora ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Mask omu myaka ya 1960. Omuzaano gwe ogwa A Dance of The Forest, gukatongozibwa nk'omuzaano gw'eizooba ry'okwetegyeka kwa Nigeria, kandi ebiro 1 Okwaikumi 1960, gukatongozibwa omuri Lagos.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[[:en:BlackPast.org|Wole Soyinka (1934- )". ''BlackPast.org'']]. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Omuzaano gwa Soyinka ogw'okubanza ogurikwetwa My Father's Burden, gukaba nigwebemberwa Olusegun Olusola kandi gukaba nigworekwa aha Western Nigeria Television ebiro 6 Okwamunaana 1960.<ref>Uzoatu, Uzor Maxim (5 October 2013). "[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/146108-essential-soyinka-timeline-uzor-maxim-uzoatu.html The Essential Soyinka Timeline]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref> Omu 1962, Soyinka akahandiika ebihandiiko birikurwanirira okushoma n'okuhandiika omuri Nigeria omu bwire obwo otwariiremu "Death of the King's Horsemen" hamwe na "Towards a True Theater", ebyashohoziibwe omu Transition Magazine.<ref>Amayi, Zakayo (22 June 2013). "[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/standard-entertainment/article/2000086475/soyinkas-grumpy-battles-to-defend-literary-legacy Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's grumpy battles to defend literary legacy]". Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa aha Obafemi Awolowo University omuri Ifẹ. Omu 1963, firimu ye y'okubanza, Culture in Transition, ekashohozibwa. Soyinka akarekura omurimo gwe aha Yunivasite omuri 1964, nk'okwesharinga ahabw'emitwarize y'okushagika gavumenti eyateirweho ab'obushoborozi. Akagira ngu ab'obushoborozi omu yunivasite bakakwatanisa eitendekyero n'obutegyeki bwa Samuel Ladoke Akintola obwabaire butarikukundwa. Omu bwire obwo, akakora The Lion and the Jewel<ref>"[https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/critical-responses-to-african-theatre-wole-soyinkas-the-lion-and-the-jewel-by-professor-martin-banham/ Critical Responses to African Theatre: Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel by Professor Martin Banham | Black Plays Archive]". ''www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> omu siizoni y'emizaano omu Rungyereza na Yoruba hamwe n'okutandikaho The Orisun Theatre Company, guruupu ya theatre. Omu 1965, akakora omuzaano gwa gurikujumirira emitwarize mibi omungyeru erikushestya, ''Before the Blackout''.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/african-theatre-soyinka/ Review of African Theatre Soyinka: Blackout, Blowout and Beyond | Centre for African Studies (LUCAS)]". ''lucas.leeds.ac.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuzano gwe, Kongi's Harvest, gukatandika omu Kwamunaana omuri Lagos. Ebiro 14 September 1965, omuzaano gwe The Road gukatandika kworekwa omuri London aha Commonwealth Arts Festival hamwe na Theatre Royal Stratford East. Soyinka akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa mukuru aha Yunivasite ya Lagos. Juba, ekitabo kye ekisya The Interpreters kikashohozibwa André Deutsch omuri London. Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akakomwa omurundi gw'okubanza, yaajunaanwa okukwata reediyo aha mbundu akahindura akatambi k'ebigambo by'enganzi y'ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba n'akatambi akarikujunaana okwiba akaruuru. Akarekurwa bwanyima y'ameezi agamwe g'okukomwa ahabw'okwesharinga kw'abantu b'ensi yoona abahandiiki. Akahandiika n'ekitabo The Detainee, omuzaano gwa reediyo ogwashohozibwe BBC omuri London.<ref>Ezugwu, Obinna (19 July 2021). "[https://hallmarknews.com/salute-to-kongi-at-87/ Salute To Kongi At 87]". ''hallmarknews.com''. Retrieved 13 August 2022.</ref> === 1966–1968: Orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria === Bwanyima y'okuba Mukuru w'ekibiina ky'emizaano aha Yunivasite ya Ibadan, Soyinka akatandika kwejumba omu by'obutegyeki. Bwanyima y'amahe okuhamba obutegyeki omu kwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1966, akabugana omu kihama Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, gavana w'amahe ow'amashuuma g'oburugwa izooba bwa Nigeria omu kugyezaho okuzibira orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria.<ref>"[https://howng.com/professor-wole-soyinka-full-biographylife-and-news/ Professor Wole Soyinka Full Biography, Life And News]". ''howng.com''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Akaza n'omuri Ẹnugu, ahu yabugaine mugyenzi we Omuyoruba, Victor Banjọ, orikukora na gavumenti ya Biafra. Soyinka, owaashabire obushagiki bw'abeebembezi b'amahe omu kicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, akahitsya obutumwa bwa Banjo ahari Lieutenant Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo, owaabaire atoorainwe nk'omuduumizi w'amahe g'omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba. Omumwebazyo gw'akana, Soyinka agarukire omu mahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, amahe ga Biafra gakatahirira ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Bwanyima y'okutwara oburengyerwa-izooba, Soyinka akabugana Obasanjo kumugambira ekigyendererwa ky'Ababiafra ahabwokuba Obasanjo akaba yaacwiremu kwegaita aha gavumenti ya Nigeria. Kwonka okutahirira kwa Biafra ahagati yóburegyerwa eizooba kikarugamu okuhoorera okwakozirwe amahe ga gavumenti eya federo, kandi orutaro rw'omunda rukatandika. Obasanjo akashoboorora gavumenti ya Nigeria orukiiko rwe na Soyinka, yarangirira Soyinka nk'omuheekyera, n'ahabw'ekyo akakwatwa ab'obushoborozi bwa federo kandi yaakomwa kumara emyezi 22.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/07/27/wole.soyinka/index.html Wole Soyinka: Nigeria's Nobel Laureate]". ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. 1 August 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2026.</ref> Akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi n'byevugo arikujuumirira gavumenti ya Nigeria obu yaabaire ari omu kihome.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (2006), ''You Must Set Forth at Dawn'', p. 6.</ref> Omu kutandika kwa 1967, ebihandiiko bye Kongi’s Harvest na Idanre and Other Poems bikashohozibwa.<ref>"[https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/engp06/chapter/wole-soyinka-kongis-harvest/ Wole Soyinka, Kongi's Harvest – African & Caribbean Writing in English]". ''ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Ari na Tom Stoppard, akatunga ekirabo kya John Whiting omuri London. Akatooranwa kuba mukuru w'eishomero rya Drama, Yunivasite ya Ibadan kwonka akaremwa kutwara entebe egyo ahabw'okubohwa omu kwezi kwa munaana. N'obu araabe yaabaire ari omu kihome, omuzaano gwe ogurikwetwa The Lion and The Jewel gukagumizamu gwashohozibwa omuri Accra, Ghana omu Kwamwenda 1967. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Strong Breed bikashohozibwa aba Off-Broadway omu Greenwich Mews Theatre omuri New York City. Omuri 1968, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Jock Campbell-New Statesman Award. Ekibiina kya Negro Ensemble Company kikashohoza Kongi's Harvest aha St. Mark's Theatre, New York.<ref>"[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,838330,00.html Theater: Kongi's Harvest]". ''Time''. 26 April 1968. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X 0040-781X]. Retrieved 7 May 2022.</ref> Akavunuura D. O. Fagunwa's Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irunmale kuruga omu rurimi rwa Yoruba kuza omu Rungyereza. Kikashohozibwa nka The Forest of a Thousand Demons: A Hunter's Saga. === Okurekurwa n'okushohoza ebitabo. === Omu Okwaikumi 1969, emyezi mikye erikuburayo orutaro rw'omunda rukahwa, okusaasira kukarangirirwa, Soyinka hamwe n'abandi basibe b'eby'obutegyeki barekurwa.<ref>PEN America (16 April 2012). "[https://pen.org/case-histories-wole-soyinka/ Case Histories: Wole Soyinka]". ''PEN America''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omu myezi mikye y'okubanza bwanyima y'okurekurwa kwe, Soyinka akaguma aha faamu ya munywani we omu mashuuma ga Bufaransa, ahu yaasherwire kuhuumuraho wenka. Akahandiika The Bacchae of Euripides (1969), ekihandiiko kihindwiremu kushushana enfumu ya Pentheus.<ref name=":3">Killam and Rowe (eds), ''The Companion to African Literature'' (2000), p. 276.</ref> Kandi akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebyevugo omuri London, kikwetwa Poems from Prison. Aha muheru gw'omwaka, akagaruka omu ofiisi ye nk'orikukurira eby'emizaano omuri Ibadan.<ref name=":5">"[https://dailytrust.com/things-to-know-about-prof-wole-soyinka-at-89/ Things To Know About Prof Wole Soyinka At 89]". ''[[:en:Daily_Trust|Daily Trust]]''. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omu 1970, akashohoza omuzaano Kongi's Harvest, kandi omu bwire bumwe akaguhindura nk'omuzaano gwa firimu gw'eiziina niryo rimwe, Kongi's Harvest. Omu Kwamukaaga 1970, akamara omuzaano ogundi, ogurikwetwa Madmen and Specialists.<ref>Ajeluorou, Anote (25 July 2015). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/periscoping-a-senseless-war-in-madmen-and-specialists/ Periscoping A Senseless War In Madmen And Specialists]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</ref> Arikukoragana n'ekibiina ky'abazaani 15 ba Ibadan University Theatre Art Company, akagyenda United States, kureeba Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center omuri Waterford, Connecticut, ahu omuzaano gwe oguyabaire ahererukurieyo kuhandiika gwayorekirwe omurundi gwokubanza.[citation needed] Omu 1971, ekitabo kye ky'ebyevugo ekya A Shuttle in the Crypt kikashohozibwa. Madmen and Specialists kikashohozibwa omuri Ibadan omwaka ogwo.<ref>Lee, Christopher J. (25 March 2020). "[http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/reading-wole-soyinka-s-madmen-and-specialists-time-pandemic Reading Wole Soyinka's 'Madmen and Specialists' in a Time of Pandemic]". ''Warscapes''.</ref> Omu Kwakana 1971, ahabw'okwerarikirira aha mbeera y'eby'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria, Soyinka akarekura emirimo ye aha Yunivasite omuri Ibadan, kandi yaatandika emyaka mingi ayetwaire omubuzaahe. kuza omu buzaahe.<ref name=":6">Adegbamigbe, Ademola (13 July 2019). "[https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/07/13/soyinka-at-85-why-i-detained-him-for-2-years-during-civil-war-yakubu-gowon/ Soyinka at 85: 'Why I Detained Him for 2 Years During the Civil War' - Yakubu Gowon]". ''The NEWS''. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</ref> Soyinka akagyenda omuri Paris, Bufaransa, kutwara omurimo gw'okuzaana nka Patrice Lumumba, mukuru w'eihanga w'okubanza rya Repubulika ya Kongo owaisirwe, omu muzaano ogwashohozibwe Joan Littlewood omu kwakataano 1971 ogurikwetwa Murderous Angels, omuzaano gwa Conor Cruise O'Brien ogwabaire nigukwata aha buremeezi bwa Kongo.<ref name=":4">Gibbs, James. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/soyinka-wole-13-july-1934 Soyinka, Wole 1934–]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 September 2021. (Updated by [[:en:Tanure_Ojaide|Tanure Ojaide]].)</ref><ref>[[:en:Biodun_Jeyifo|Jeyifo, Biodun]] (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nwhlgrVqvYkC&q=%22Murderous+Angels%22%3D&pg=PR27 Chronology]". ''Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, and Postcolonialism''. Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;xxvii. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139439084|9781139439084]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri Paris, ebicweka kuruga omu muzaano gwa Soyinka ogurikumanywa munonga The Dance of The Forests bikazaanwa.<ref>Adenekan, Sulaiman (2016). "[https://www.tradenewswire.net/the-pride-of-africa-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-clocks-85-years-serving-humanity-poetically/ The Pride of Africa: Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka clocks 85 years serving humanity poeticall]y". ''Trade Newswire''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Omu 1972, ekitabo kye Season of Anomy hamwe na Collected Plays byona bikashohozibwa Oxford University Press. Ekihandiiko kye ky'ebirikumukwataho ekya The Man Died, ekirikurundaana ebi yaahandiikire omu kihome, nakyo kikashohozibwa omwaka ogwo.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/biographical/ Wole Soyinka | Biographical]", The Nobel Prize, 1986.</ref> Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Honoris Causa doctorate kuruga omu Yunivasite ya Leeds omuri 1973.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/honorary-degree/ Honorary Degree]", Leeds ''African Studies Bulletin'' 19 (November 1973), pp. 1–2. [Professor Soyinka receiving the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from the Chancellor, HRH the Duchess of Kent, on Thursday 17 May 1973 – image from 'Nobel Prize for Leeds Graduate', ''The Reporter'' (the University of Leeds), 258, 24 October 1986.]</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, National Theatre, London, ekashaba kandi yaatongoza omuzaano The Bacchae of Euripides,<ref name=":3" /> kandi emizaano ye Camwood on the Leaves na Jero's Metamorphosis nayo ekaba eri ey'okubanza kushohozibwa. Akamara omwaka gumwe nk'omugyenyi aha Churchill College, Cambridge<ref>Gumbel, Andrew (3 November 2005). "[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/03/theatre3 Wole Soyinka on how he came to write Death and the King's Horseman]". ''The Guardian''.</ref> (1973–74)<ref name=":4" /> kandi yaahandiika Death and the King's Horseman, ekyashomirwe omurundi gw'okubanza aha Churchill College.<ref name=":5" /> Omu 1974, Oxford University Press ekashohoza Soyinka's Collected Plays, Volume II. Akateeraho hamwe ekitabo kya 1975 Poems of Black Africa, ekyashohoziibwe nka kimwe ahakicweka kya Heinemann African Writers Series.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JtqywAEACAAJ Poems of Black Africa]'', Heinemann African Writers Series, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]. <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780435901714|9780435901714]]</bdi>.</ref> Kandi omuri 1975, Soyinka akakuzibwa yaaza aha ntebe y'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka Transition Magazine, akaabaire nikashangwa omu kibuga ekikuru ekya Ghana ekya Accra, ahu yaafurukiire.<ref name=":6" /> Akakoresa ebihandiiko bye omu magaziini kujumirira abo abarikusaasibwa munonga abairaguju (nk'eky'okureeberaho, ekicweka kye "Neo-Tarzanism: Eby'obutegyeki obwa Pseudo-Transition) hamwe n'obutegyeki bw'amahe. Akeesharinga ahabw'obutegyeki bw'amahe obwa Idi Amin omu Uganda. Bwanyima y'empindahinduka omu by'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria hamwe n'okuhenda gavumenti y'amahe eya Gowon omuri 1975, Soyinka akagaruka omu ihanga rye kandi yaagaruka omu mwanya gwe nka mukuru w'okugyeragyeranisa ebyahandiikirwe. omu Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref name=":6" /> === Okushomesa === Kuruga 1975 kuhisya 1999, Soyinka akaheereza nka Purofeesa w'ebitabo ebirikugyeragyeranisibwa aha Obafemi Awolowo University.<ref>Odinaka (31 July 2018). "[https://www.tori.ng/news/102835/the-house-prof-soyinka-lived-in-during-oau-days-tu.html The House Prof. Soyinka Lived In During OAU Days, Turned Into A Campus Museum (Photos)]". ''Tori.ng''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Amerika, akeegyesa aha Cornell University nk'omuhangu wa Goldwin Smith omu kwega aha Afirika hamwe n'eby'emizaano kuruga 1988 kuhisya 1991. Aha Yunivasite ya Emory, akatooranwa nka Robert W. Woodruff Purofeesa w'eby'emikono omuri 1996 kandi atwire ari Purofeesa w'okuhandiika omu Yunivasite ya Nevada, Las Vegas. Soyinka akaheereza scholar-in-residence omu Institute of African American Affairs eya New York University hamwe na Loyola Marymount University omuri Los Angeles, California. Akegyesa n'aha Yunivasite za Cambridge, Oxford, Harvard na Yale. Akaba ari omwegi w'amaani omu kutuura aha Yunivasite ya Duke omuri 2008.<ref>"[https://alumni.duke.edu/magazine/articles/soyinka-stage Soyinka on Stage | Nobel laureate works with student production of his play]". ''Duke Magazine''. No.&#x20;January–February 2011. 31 January 2011. Retrieved 18 April 2021.</ref> Omu Kwaikumi na kubiri 2017, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Europe Theatre Prize omu kicweka kya "Special Prize" category,<ref>Ajibade, Kunle (12 December 2017). "[https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2017/12/12/wole-soyinka-wins-europe-theatre-prize/ Wole Soyinka Wins The Europe Theatre Prize]". ''[[:en:P.M._News|P.M. News]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref><ref>"[https://www.concisenews.global/news/soyinka-wins-2017-the-europe-theatre-prize/ Soyinka Wins 2017 Europe Theatre Prize]". ''Concise News''. 15 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> ekyahairwe omuntu owaabaire "aine ekyayongyeireho omu kuhikiiriza emikoro y'eby'obuhangwa erikureetaho okwetegyereza n'okubagana amagyezi ahagati y'abantu".[50] == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == gj01rb0pksdiairaslr3dsc500hkf84 7256326 7256324 2026-07-20T09:18:33Z Rooth N 2608660 7256326 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wp/nyn]] '''Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola] 2021, p.&#x20;34.</ref>''', a'''kazaarwa 13 Okwamushanju 1934) n'omuhandiiki Omunigeria, w'emizaano, kandi omuhandiiki w'ebitabo. Akahandiika ebitabo bishatu, by'ebitabo by'emigane mikye eikumi, ebitabo mushanju by'ebyevugo, ebitabo by'emizaano abiri na bitaano, hamwe n'ebitabo bitaano by'ebirikumukwataho.<ref name=":2">Gibbs, James (1986). ''Wole Soyinka''. Basingstoke: [[:en:Macmillan_Publishers|Macmillan]]. p.&#x20;3. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780333305287|9780333305287]]</bdi>.</ref> Ahandiikire ebitabo bibiri ebivunwirwe hamwe n'ebicweka bingi hamwe n'ebitebyo bikye bikye by'okuhandiikisa empapura z'amakuru hamwe n'ebitabo by'obwire bukye. Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel eky'omwaka 1986 omu by'obuhangwa ahabw'okugira ngu akaba naashwijuma "ebintu bingi ebirikukwata aha buhangwa hamwe n'orurimi rw'okwevuga ahabirikukwata aha kubaho kw'abantu".<ref>Abdullahi, Idowu (11 October 2024). "[https://punchng.com/nobel-laureate-award-exposed-me-to-danger-wole-soyinka/ Nobel Laureate award exposed me to danger]". ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Akazaarwa omu ka y'Abakurisitaayo Abayoruba omuri Aké, Abeokuta.<ref>"[https://dawncommission.org/professor-wole-soyinka/ Professor Wole Soyinka – DAWN Commission]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref><ref name=":0">"[https://wolesoyinkalecture.org/about-wole-soyinka-2/ About Wole Soyinka]". ''Wole Soyinka Lecture Series''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Soyinka akatunga obwegyese obw'okumutebeekanisa aha Government College, Ibadan kandi yaagyenda aha University College Ibadan. Omu bwire bw'obwegyese bwe, akatandikaho ekibiina kya Pyrate Confraternity.<ref name=":0" /> Soyinka akaruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza kwega aha Yunivasite ya Leeds. Omu bwire obwo, niwe yaabaire ari omuhandiiki w'akatabo ka yunivasite, The Eagle, atakabaire muhandiiki ow'obutwire omu myaka ya 1950.<ref>"[https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/wole-soyinka/ Wole Soyinka – Narrative Landscape Press]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Bungyereza, akatandika kuhandiika ebitebyo bigufu n'okukora ebihandiiko aha BBC Lecture series. Akahandiika emizaano mingi eyazaanairwe aha reediyo hamwe n'omu myanya y'emizaano omuri Nigeria hamwe na Bungyereza, okukira munonga Royal Court Theatre.<ref>"[https://livingarchive.royalcourttheatre.com/black-plays-1960s/ Black Plays 1960s]". ''Royal Court - Living Archive''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Ebitabo bya Soyinka bingi hamwe n'emizaano ye, nibiteebwaho omuri Nigeria, ekirikworeka ebyafaayo by'eihanga eryo, eby'obuhangwa, hamwe n'oburemeezi bw'eby'obutegyeki. Oyihireho emirimo egi, akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi ebirikujumiirira emitwarize mibi y'abantu omungyeri erikushetsya. Ebihandiiko ebi bikajanjaara omu bantu baingi kandi byakundwa munonga. Atungire obusinguzi n'emizaano ye, otwariiremu The Swamp Dwellers (1958), The Lion and the Jewel (1959), na The Invention (1957), omuzaano gumwe ahayabandize, ogwakoriirwe aha Royal Court Theatre. Soyinka ahandiikire ebitabo bingi, otwariiremu The Interpreters (1965), Season of Anomy (1973), Death and the King's Horseman, Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth (2021), na Harmattan Haze on an African Spring (2012). Omu Kwamushanju 2024, Bola Tinubu akahindura eiziina ry'ekishengye ky'emizaano ekya National Arts Theatre ahanyima ya Soyinka aha mazaarwa ge ag'emyaka 90. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Soyinka akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju 1934 omuri Ake, Abeokuta, Nigeria omu ka y'Abakristaayo ey'obuzaare bw'Abayoruba. Akaba ari owa kabiri omu baana mushanju[a] ba Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, omuheereza w'Abakuristayo kandi mukuru w'eishomero kuruga omu ruganda rw'obugabe orwa Isara-Remo[<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1988 Gibbs 1988], pp.&#x20;526.</ref> hamwe na Grace Soyinka (née Jenkins-Harrison), omushubuuzi kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe kuruga omu ruganda rwa Ransome-Kuti.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFMaduakor1986 Maduakor 1986], pp.&#x20;227.</ref> Nyina Grace hamwe n'ab'eka ye, aba Ransome-Kutis, bakaba bari ab'eka y'amaani omuri Nigeria<ref>Staff writer (9 May 2014). "[https://businessday.ng/family-and-relationships/article/great-dynasties-the-ransome-kutis/ Great Dynasties:The Ransome-Kutis]". ''[[:en:BusinessDay_(Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> abarikugambwaho nk'ekigarukwamu kya Nigeria aha ka ya Kennedy omuri United States. Owaabatandikireho, omusesorodooti w'Abakuristaayo J. J. Ransome-Kuti, akaba ari omuntu w'okubanza omu ihanga rye omu by'okushohoza ebyeshongoro omu myaka ya 1920.<ref>Sansom, Ian. "[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/11/fela-kuti-great-dynasties-ian-sansom Great Dynasties: The Ransome-Kutis]". ''theguardian.com''. Retrieved 17 January 2026.</ref> Kuruga 1940 kuhistya 1946, Soyinka akaba naashoma aha St. Peters Primary School, ahu ishe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eishomero.<ref>"[https://guardian.ng/art/genius-of-the-unconventional-and-the-patterning-of-dualities-wole-soyinkas-early-childhood-part-3/ Genius of the unconventional and the patterning of dualities: Wole Soyinka's early childhood]". ''T[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|he Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akashomera siniya ye Abeokuta Grammar School kandi okushoma kwe okw'okweteekateekyera Yunivasite aha Government College, Ibadan kuruga 1946 kuhisya 1951.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/soyinka-wole-1934/ Wole Soyinka (1934- )]". ''[[:en:BlackPast.org|BlackPast.org]]''. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akaheebwa omwanya omu University College Ibadan, ahu yaashomire ebyahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza, Orugriika, hamwe n'ebyafaayo by'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kuruga 1952 kuhisya 1954.<ref name=":1">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola 2021], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Omu myaka ye y'ahamuheru omu yunivasite, akahandiika omuzaano mugufu aha reediyo, Keffi's Birthday Treat, ogwashohwire omu Kwamushanju 1954 kuruga omu kitongore kya Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1980 Gibbs 1980], p.&#x20;21.</ref> Hamwe n'abeegi bagyenzi be otwariiremu Olumuyiwa Awẹ, Ralph Opara, Aig-Imoukhuede, na Pius Olegbe, akatandikaho ekibiina ekirikwetwa National Association of Seadogs, ekibiina ky'okubanza omuri Nigeria.<ref name=":1" /> Soyinka akafuruka kuruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza omuri 1954 kugumizamu n'emishomo ye omu byahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza aha Yunivasite ya Leeds arikureebererwa G. Wilson Knight.<ref>''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFEncyclopedia_Britannica2024 Encyclopedia Britannica]'' 2024.</ref> Okusharamu kw'okushoma aheeru y'eihanga omu bwire obwo obu okushoma diguri ya kabiri kyabaire kitarikubaho omuri Ibadan kikaba kiri kurabira omuri Joyce M. Green, omukazi Omungyereza owaizire omu University College, Ibadan kuruga Cambridge omuri 1950, kandi owaabaire ari omwe aha beegyesa ba Soyinka kandi owaabaire amuhaire ekihandiiko kirungi eky'okumugambaho omuri Leeds.<ref>Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi (28 July 2019). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/soyinkas-early-romance-with-england-1954-1959-a-cold-chapter-for-an-anti-form-rebel-part-1/ Soyinka's early romance with England 1954-1959: A cold chapter for an anti-form rebel]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 8 January 2026.</ref> Aha yunivasite ya Leeds, akaheereza nk'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka yunivasite akarikushetsya, The Eagle, omuri ako yaahandiika ekicweka aha magara g'eby'okushoma. Omu Kwamunaana 1955, akatandika kukwata ebyeshongoro aha BBC Lecture kandi yaahandiika ebitebyo bigufu nyingi. Omuri 1957, akasingura empaka z'okugamba ezirikubaho buri mwaka ezirikuteebwaho Yunivasite.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFLindfors1974 Lindfors 1974], pp.&#x20;471–486.</ref> == Emirimo == === 1957–1967: Omurimo gwe gw'okubanza === Soyinka akaguma omuri Leeds bwanyima y'okutunga diguri ye eya BA honours omu Rungyereza omuri 1957.<ref name=":2" /> Omu 1957, akatandika kuhandiika emizaano ye ey'okubanza, ''Swamp Dwellers'' na ''The Lion and the Jewel''. Soyinka akaza London kandi yaakora nk'omushomi w'emizaano aha Royal Court Theatre. Akebembera ekibiina kya Nigerian Drama Group ekyakozire The Swamp Dwellers omuri 1958. Omu bwire obwo, emizaano ye ebiri ekazaanwa omuri Ibadan, Nigeria. Omuri 1957, omuzaano gwe, The Invention, gukashohozibwa aha Royal Court Theatre omuri London, kandi gukaba guri omurimo gwe gw'okubanza aha.<ref>"Wole Soyinka". ''African Biography''. Detroit, MI: Gale (published 2 December 2006). 1999. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-2823-9|978-0-7876-2823-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akahandiika ebyevugo, otwariiremu "''The Immigrant''" hamwe na "''My Next Door Neighbour''", ebyareebekire omuri Black Orpheus. Omuri 1959, Soyinka akagaruka Nigeria bwanyima y'okutunga obuhwezi bwa Rockefeller Research Fellowship ahabw'okucondooza kwe aha by'emizaano ya Afirika. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe omwaka nigwo gumwe, akaza omu mwanya gwa Janheinz Jahn nk'omwe ahabahandiiki babiri bakuru ba Black Orpheus.<ref>Jacobs, Alan. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/trials-brother-jero The Trials Of Brother Jero]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu 1960, akamara omuzaano gwe ogwa reediyo Camwood on the Leaves, kandi n'omuzaano gwe ''The Trials of Brother Jero'' gukatongozibwa omu Mellanby Hall residence of University College Ibadan omu Kwakana 1960. Akakora ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Mask omu myaka ya 1960. Omuzaano gwe ogwa A Dance of The Forest, gukatongozibwa nk'omuzaano gw'eizooba ry'okwetegyeka kwa Nigeria, kandi ebiro 1 Okwaikumi 1960, gukatongozibwa omuri Lagos.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[[:en:BlackPast.org|Wole Soyinka (1934- )". ''BlackPast.org'']]. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Omuzaano gwa Soyinka ogw'okubanza ogurikwetwa My Father's Burden, gukaba nigwebemberwa Olusegun Olusola kandi gukaba nigworekwa aha Western Nigeria Television ebiro 6 Okwamunaana 1960.<ref>Uzoatu, Uzor Maxim (5 October 2013). "[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/146108-essential-soyinka-timeline-uzor-maxim-uzoatu.html The Essential Soyinka Timeline]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref> Omu 1962, Soyinka akahandiika ebihandiiko birikurwanirira okushoma n'okuhandiika omuri Nigeria omu bwire obwo otwariiremu "Death of the King's Horsemen" hamwe na "Towards a True Theater", ebyashohoziibwe omu Transition Magazine.<ref>Amayi, Zakayo (22 June 2013). "[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/standard-entertainment/article/2000086475/soyinkas-grumpy-battles-to-defend-literary-legacy Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's grumpy battles to defend literary legacy]". Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa aha Obafemi Awolowo University omuri Ifẹ. Omu 1963, firimu ye y'okubanza, Culture in Transition, ekashohozibwa. Soyinka akarekura omurimo gwe aha Yunivasite omuri 1964, nk'okwesharinga ahabw'emitwarize y'okushagika gavumenti eyateirweho ab'obushoborozi. Akagira ngu ab'obushoborozi omu yunivasite bakakwatanisa eitendekyero n'obutegyeki bwa Samuel Ladoke Akintola obwabaire butarikukundwa. Omu bwire obwo, akakora The Lion and the Jewel<ref>"[https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/critical-responses-to-african-theatre-wole-soyinkas-the-lion-and-the-jewel-by-professor-martin-banham/ Critical Responses to African Theatre: Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel by Professor Martin Banham | Black Plays Archive]". ''www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> omu siizoni y'emizaano omu Rungyereza na Yoruba hamwe n'okutandikaho The Orisun Theatre Company, guruupu ya theatre. Omu 1965, akakora omuzaano gwa gurikujumirira emitwarize mibi omungyeru erikushestya, ''Before the Blackout''.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/african-theatre-soyinka/ Review of African Theatre Soyinka: Blackout, Blowout and Beyond | Centre for African Studies (LUCAS)]". ''lucas.leeds.ac.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuzano gwe, Kongi's Harvest, gukatandika omu Kwamunaana omuri Lagos. Ebiro 14 September 1965, omuzaano gwe The Road gukatandika kworekwa omuri London aha Commonwealth Arts Festival hamwe na Theatre Royal Stratford East. Soyinka akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa mukuru aha Yunivasite ya Lagos. Juba, ekitabo kye ekisya The Interpreters kikashohozibwa André Deutsch omuri London. Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akakomwa omurundi gw'okubanza, yaajunaanwa okukwata reediyo aha mbundu akahindura akatambi k'ebigambo by'enganzi y'ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba n'akatambi akarikujunaana okwiba akaruuru. Akarekurwa bwanyima y'ameezi agamwe g'okukomwa ahabw'okwesharinga kw'abantu b'ensi yoona abahandiiki. Akahandiika n'ekitabo The Detainee, omuzaano gwa reediyo ogwashohozibwe BBC omuri London.<ref>Ezugwu, Obinna (19 July 2021). "[https://hallmarknews.com/salute-to-kongi-at-87/ Salute To Kongi At 87]". ''hallmarknews.com''. Retrieved 13 August 2022.</ref> === 1966–1968: Orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria === Bwanyima y'okuba Mukuru w'ekibiina ky'emizaano aha Yunivasite ya Ibadan, Soyinka akatandika kwejumba omu by'obutegyeki. Bwanyima y'amahe okuhamba obutegyeki omu kwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1966, akabugana omu kihama Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, gavana w'amahe ow'amashuuma g'oburugwa izooba bwa Nigeria omu kugyezaho okuzibira orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria.<ref>"[https://howng.com/professor-wole-soyinka-full-biographylife-and-news/ Professor Wole Soyinka Full Biography, Life And News]". ''howng.com''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Akaza n'omuri Ẹnugu, ahu yabugaine mugyenzi we Omuyoruba, Victor Banjọ, orikukora na gavumenti ya Biafra. Soyinka, owaashabire obushagiki bw'abeebembezi b'amahe omu kicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, akahitsya obutumwa bwa Banjo ahari Lieutenant Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo, owaabaire atoorainwe nk'omuduumizi w'amahe g'omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba. Omumwebazyo gw'akana, Soyinka agarukire omu mahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, amahe ga Biafra gakatahirira ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Bwanyima y'okutwara oburengyerwa-izooba, Soyinka akabugana Obasanjo kumugambira ekigyendererwa ky'Ababiafra ahabwokuba Obasanjo akaba yaacwiremu kwegaita aha gavumenti ya Nigeria. Kwonka okutahirira kwa Biafra ahagati yóburegyerwa eizooba kikarugamu okuhoorera okwakozirwe amahe ga gavumenti eya federo, kandi orutaro rw'omunda rukatandika. Obasanjo akashoboorora gavumenti ya Nigeria orukiiko rwe na Soyinka, yarangirira Soyinka nk'omuheekyera, n'ahabw'ekyo akakwatwa ab'obushoborozi bwa federo kandi yaakomwa kumara emyezi 22.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/07/27/wole.soyinka/index.html Wole Soyinka: Nigeria's Nobel Laureate]". ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. 1 August 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2026.</ref> Akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi n'byevugo arikujuumirira gavumenti ya Nigeria obu yaabaire ari omu kihome.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (2006), ''You Must Set Forth at Dawn'', p. 6.</ref> Omu kutandika kwa 1967, ebihandiiko bye Kongi’s Harvest na Idanre and Other Poems bikashohozibwa.<ref>"[https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/engp06/chapter/wole-soyinka-kongis-harvest/ Wole Soyinka, Kongi's Harvest – African & Caribbean Writing in English]". ''ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Ari na Tom Stoppard, akatunga ekirabo kya John Whiting omuri London. Akatooranwa kuba mukuru w'eishomero rya Drama, Yunivasite ya Ibadan kwonka akaremwa kutwara entebe egyo ahabw'okubohwa omu kwezi kwa munaana. N'obu araabe yaabaire ari omu kihome, omuzaano gwe ogurikwetwa The Lion and The Jewel gukagumizamu gwashohozibwa omuri Accra, Ghana omu Kwamwenda 1967. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Strong Breed bikashohozibwa aba Off-Broadway omu Greenwich Mews Theatre omuri New York City. Omuri 1968, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Jock Campbell-New Statesman Award. Ekibiina kya Negro Ensemble Company kikashohoza Kongi's Harvest aha St. Mark's Theatre, New York.<ref>"[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,838330,00.html Theater: Kongi's Harvest]". ''Time''. 26 April 1968. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X 0040-781X]. Retrieved 7 May 2022.</ref> Akavunuura D. O. Fagunwa's Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irunmale kuruga omu rurimi rwa Yoruba kuza omu Rungyereza. Kikashohozibwa nka The Forest of a Thousand Demons: A Hunter's Saga. === Okurekurwa n'okushohoza ebitabo. === Omu Okwaikumi 1969, emyezi mikye erikuburayo orutaro rw'omunda rukahwa, okusaasira kukarangirirwa, Soyinka hamwe n'abandi basibe b'eby'obutegyeki barekurwa.<ref>PEN America (16 April 2012). "[https://pen.org/case-histories-wole-soyinka/ Case Histories: Wole Soyinka]". ''PEN America''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omu myezi mikye y'okubanza bwanyima y'okurekurwa kwe, Soyinka akaguma aha faamu ya munywani we omu mashuuma ga Bufaransa, ahu yaasherwire kuhuumuraho wenka. Akahandiika The Bacchae of Euripides (1969), ekihandiiko kihindwiremu kushushana enfumu ya Pentheus.<ref name=":3">Killam and Rowe (eds), ''The Companion to African Literature'' (2000), p. 276.</ref> Kandi akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebyevugo omuri London, kikwetwa Poems from Prison. Aha muheru gw'omwaka, akagaruka omu ofiisi ye nk'orikukurira eby'emizaano omuri Ibadan.<ref name=":5">"[https://dailytrust.com/things-to-know-about-prof-wole-soyinka-at-89/ Things To Know About Prof Wole Soyinka At 89]". ''[[:en:Daily_Trust|Daily Trust]]''. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omu 1970, akashohoza omuzaano Kongi's Harvest, kandi omu bwire bumwe akaguhindura nk'omuzaano gwa firimu gw'eiziina niryo rimwe, Kongi's Harvest. Omu Kwamukaaga 1970, akamara omuzaano ogundi, ogurikwetwa Madmen and Specialists.<ref>Ajeluorou, Anote (25 July 2015). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/periscoping-a-senseless-war-in-madmen-and-specialists/ Periscoping A Senseless War In Madmen And Specialists]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</ref> Arikukoragana n'ekibiina ky'abazaani 15 ba Ibadan University Theatre Art Company, akagyenda United States, kureeba Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center omuri Waterford, Connecticut, ahu omuzaano gwe oguyabaire ahererukurieyo kuhandiika gwayorekirwe omurundi gwokubanza.[citation needed] Omu 1971, ekitabo kye ky'ebyevugo ekya A Shuttle in the Crypt kikashohozibwa. Madmen and Specialists kikashohozibwa omuri Ibadan omwaka ogwo.<ref>Lee, Christopher J. (25 March 2020). "[http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/reading-wole-soyinka-s-madmen-and-specialists-time-pandemic Reading Wole Soyinka's 'Madmen and Specialists' in a Time of Pandemic]". ''Warscapes''.</ref> Omu Kwakana 1971, ahabw'okwerarikirira aha mbeera y'eby'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria, Soyinka akarekura emirimo ye aha Yunivasite omuri Ibadan, kandi yaatandika emyaka mingi ayetwaire omubuzaahe. kuza omu buzaahe.<ref name=":6">Adegbamigbe, Ademola (13 July 2019). "[https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/07/13/soyinka-at-85-why-i-detained-him-for-2-years-during-civil-war-yakubu-gowon/ Soyinka at 85: 'Why I Detained Him for 2 Years During the Civil War' - Yakubu Gowon]". ''The NEWS''. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</ref> Soyinka akagyenda omuri Paris, Bufaransa, kutwara omurimo gw'okuzaana nka Patrice Lumumba, mukuru w'eihanga w'okubanza rya Repubulika ya Kongo owaisirwe, omu muzaano ogwashohozibwe Joan Littlewood omu kwakataano 1971 ogurikwetwa Murderous Angels, omuzaano gwa Conor Cruise O'Brien ogwabaire nigukwata aha buremeezi bwa Kongo.<ref name=":4">Gibbs, James. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/soyinka-wole-13-july-1934 Soyinka, Wole 1934–]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 September 2021. (Updated by [[:en:Tanure_Ojaide|Tanure Ojaide]].)</ref><ref>[[:en:Biodun_Jeyifo|Jeyifo, Biodun]] (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nwhlgrVqvYkC&q=%22Murderous+Angels%22%3D&pg=PR27 Chronology]". ''Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, and Postcolonialism''. Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;xxvii. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139439084|9781139439084]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri Paris, ebicweka kuruga omu muzaano gwa Soyinka ogurikumanywa munonga The Dance of The Forests bikazaanwa.<ref>Adenekan, Sulaiman (2016). "[https://www.tradenewswire.net/the-pride-of-africa-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-clocks-85-years-serving-humanity-poetically/ The Pride of Africa: Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka clocks 85 years serving humanity poeticall]y". ''Trade Newswire''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Omu 1972, ekitabo kye Season of Anomy hamwe na Collected Plays byona bikashohozibwa Oxford University Press. Ekihandiiko kye ky'ebirikumukwataho ekya The Man Died, ekirikurundaana ebi yaahandiikire omu kihome, nakyo kikashohozibwa omwaka ogwo.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/biographical/ Wole Soyinka | Biographical]", The Nobel Prize, 1986.</ref> Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Honoris Causa doctorate kuruga omu Yunivasite ya Leeds omuri 1973.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/honorary-degree/ Honorary Degree]", Leeds ''African Studies Bulletin'' 19 (November 1973), pp. 1–2. [Professor Soyinka receiving the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from the Chancellor, HRH the Duchess of Kent, on Thursday 17 May 1973 – image from 'Nobel Prize for Leeds Graduate', ''The Reporter'' (the University of Leeds), 258, 24 October 1986.]</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, National Theatre, London, ekashaba kandi yaatongoza omuzaano The Bacchae of Euripides,<ref name=":3" /> kandi emizaano ye Camwood on the Leaves na Jero's Metamorphosis nayo ekaba eri ey'okubanza kushohozibwa. Akamara omwaka gumwe nk'omugyenyi aha Churchill College, Cambridge<ref>Gumbel, Andrew (3 November 2005). "[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/03/theatre3 Wole Soyinka on how he came to write Death and the King's Horseman]". ''The Guardian''.</ref> (1973–74)<ref name=":4" /> kandi yaahandiika Death and the King's Horseman, ekyashomirwe omurundi gw'okubanza aha Churchill College.<ref name=":5" /> Omu 1974, Oxford University Press ekashohoza Soyinka's Collected Plays, Volume II. Akateeraho hamwe ekitabo kya 1975 Poems of Black Africa, ekyashohoziibwe nka kimwe ahakicweka kya Heinemann African Writers Series.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JtqywAEACAAJ Poems of Black Africa]'', Heinemann African Writers Series, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]. <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780435901714|9780435901714]]</bdi>.</ref> Kandi omuri 1975, Soyinka akakuzibwa yaaza aha ntebe y'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka Transition Magazine, akaabaire nikashangwa omu kibuga ekikuru ekya Ghana ekya Accra, ahu yaafurukiire.<ref name=":6" /> Akakoresa ebihandiiko bye omu magaziini kujumirira abo abarikusaasibwa munonga abairaguju (nk'eky'okureeberaho, ekicweka kye "Neo-Tarzanism: Eby'obutegyeki obwa Pseudo-Transition) hamwe n'obutegyeki bw'amahe. Akeesharinga ahabw'obutegyeki bw'amahe obwa Idi Amin omu Uganda. Bwanyima y'empindahinduka omu by'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria hamwe n'okuhenda gavumenti y'amahe eya Gowon omuri 1975, Soyinka akagaruka omu ihanga rye kandi yaagaruka omu mwanya gwe nka mukuru w'okugyeragyeranisa ebyahandiikirwe. omu Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref name=":6" /> === Okushomesa === Kuruga 1975 kuhisya 1999, Soyinka akaheereza nka Purofeesa w'ebitabo ebirikugyeragyeranisibwa aha Obafemi Awolowo University.<ref>Odinaka (31 July 2018). "[https://www.tori.ng/news/102835/the-house-prof-soyinka-lived-in-during-oau-days-tu.html The House Prof. Soyinka Lived In During OAU Days, Turned Into A Campus Museum (Photos)]". ''Tori.ng''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Amerika, akeegyesa aha Cornell University nk'omuhangu wa Goldwin Smith omu kwega aha Afirika hamwe n'eby'emizaano kuruga 1988 kuhisya 1991. Aha Yunivasite ya Emory, akatooranwa nka Robert W. Woodruff Purofeesa w'eby'emikono omuri 1996 kandi atwire ari Purofeesa w'okuhandiika omu Yunivasite ya Nevada, Las Vegas. Soyinka akaheereza scholar-in-residence omu Institute of African American Affairs eya New York University hamwe na Loyola Marymount University omuri Los Angeles, California. Akegyesa n'aha Yunivasite za Cambridge, Oxford, Harvard na Yale. Akaba ari omwegi w'amaani omu kutuura aha Yunivasite ya Duke omuri 2008.<ref>"[https://alumni.duke.edu/magazine/articles/soyinka-stage Soyinka on Stage | Nobel laureate works with student production of his play]". ''Duke Magazine''. No.&#x20;January–February 2011. 31 January 2011. Retrieved 18 April 2021.</ref> Omu Kwaikumi na kubiri 2017, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Europe Theatre Prize omu kicweka kya "Special Prize" category,<ref>Ajibade, Kunle (12 December 2017). "[https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2017/12/12/wole-soyinka-wins-europe-theatre-prize/ Wole Soyinka Wins The Europe Theatre Prize]". ''[[:en:P.M._News|P.M. News]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref><ref>"[https://www.concisenews.global/news/soyinka-wins-2017-the-europe-theatre-prize/ Soyinka Wins 2017 Europe Theatre Prize]". ''Concise News''. 15 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> ekyahairwe omuntu owaabaire "aine ekyayongyeireho omu kuhikiiriza emikoro y'eby'obuhangwa erikureetaho okwetegyereza n'okubagana amagyezi ahagati y'abantu".<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20171225034855/http://www.jamesmurua.com/wole-soyinka-to-receive-europe-theatre-prize-2017/ Wole Soyinka to receive Europe Theatre Prize 2017]". ''James Murua's Literature Blog''. 14 December 2017. Archived from the original on 25 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == bbl2j2atssnbi1w6mbxnsez9j6lmazg 7256327 7256326 2026-07-20T09:19:31Z Rooth N 2608660 7256327 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wp/nyn]] '''Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola] 2021, p.&#x20;34.</ref>''', a'''kazaarwa 13 Okwamushanju 1934) n'omuhandiiki Omunigeria, w'emizaano, kandi omuhandiiki w'ebitabo. Akahandiika ebitabo bishatu, by'ebitabo by'emigane mikye eikumi, ebitabo mushanju by'ebyevugo, ebitabo by'emizaano abiri na bitaano, hamwe n'ebitabo bitaano by'ebirikumukwataho.<ref name=":2">Gibbs, James (1986). ''Wole Soyinka''. Basingstoke: [[:en:Macmillan_Publishers|Macmillan]]. p.&#x20;3. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780333305287|9780333305287]]</bdi>.</ref> Ahandiikire ebitabo bibiri ebivunwirwe hamwe n'ebicweka bingi hamwe n'ebitebyo bikye bikye by'okuhandiikisa empapura z'amakuru hamwe n'ebitabo by'obwire bukye. Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel eky'omwaka 1986 omu by'obuhangwa ahabw'okugira ngu akaba naashwijuma "ebintu bingi ebirikukwata aha buhangwa hamwe n'orurimi rw'okwevuga ahabirikukwata aha kubaho kw'abantu".<ref>Abdullahi, Idowu (11 October 2024). "[https://punchng.com/nobel-laureate-award-exposed-me-to-danger-wole-soyinka/ Nobel Laureate award exposed me to danger]". ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Akazaarwa omu ka y'Abakurisitaayo Abayoruba omuri Aké, Abeokuta.<ref>"[https://dawncommission.org/professor-wole-soyinka/ Professor Wole Soyinka – DAWN Commission]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref><ref name=":0">"[https://wolesoyinkalecture.org/about-wole-soyinka-2/ About Wole Soyinka]". ''Wole Soyinka Lecture Series''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Soyinka akatunga obwegyese obw'okumutebeekanisa aha Government College, Ibadan kandi yaagyenda aha University College Ibadan. Omu bwire bw'obwegyese bwe, akatandikaho ekibiina kya Pyrate Confraternity.<ref name=":0" /> Soyinka akaruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza kwega aha Yunivasite ya Leeds. Omu bwire obwo, niwe yaabaire ari omuhandiiki w'akatabo ka yunivasite, The Eagle, atakabaire muhandiiki ow'obutwire omu myaka ya 1950.<ref>"[https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/wole-soyinka/ Wole Soyinka – Narrative Landscape Press]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Bungyereza, akatandika kuhandiika ebitebyo bigufu n'okukora ebihandiiko aha BBC Lecture series. Akahandiika emizaano mingi eyazaanairwe aha reediyo hamwe n'omu myanya y'emizaano omuri Nigeria hamwe na Bungyereza, okukira munonga Royal Court Theatre.<ref>"[https://livingarchive.royalcourttheatre.com/black-plays-1960s/ Black Plays 1960s]". ''Royal Court - Living Archive''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Ebitabo bya Soyinka bingi hamwe n'emizaano ye, nibiteebwaho omuri Nigeria, ekirikworeka ebyafaayo by'eihanga eryo, eby'obuhangwa, hamwe n'oburemeezi bw'eby'obutegyeki. Oyihireho emirimo egi, akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi ebirikujumiirira emitwarize mibi y'abantu omungyeri erikushetsya. Ebihandiiko ebi bikajanjaara omu bantu baingi kandi byakundwa munonga. Atungire obusinguzi n'emizaano ye, otwariiremu The Swamp Dwellers (1958), The Lion and the Jewel (1959), na The Invention (1957), omuzaano gumwe ahayabandize, ogwakoriirwe aha Royal Court Theatre. Soyinka ahandiikire ebitabo bingi, otwariiremu The Interpreters (1965), Season of Anomy (1973), Death and the King's Horseman, Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth (2021), na Harmattan Haze on an African Spring (2012). Omu Kwamushanju 2024, Bola Tinubu akahindura eiziina ry'ekishengye ky'emizaano ekya National Arts Theatre ahanyima ya Soyinka aha mazaarwa ge ag'emyaka 90. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Soyinka akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju 1934 omuri Ake, Abeokuta, Nigeria omu ka y'Abakristaayo ey'obuzaare bw'Abayoruba. Akaba ari owa kabiri omu baana mushanju[a] ba Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, omuheereza w'Abakuristayo kandi mukuru w'eishomero kuruga omu ruganda rw'obugabe orwa Isara-Remo[<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1988 Gibbs 1988], pp.&#x20;526.</ref> hamwe na Grace Soyinka (née Jenkins-Harrison), omushubuuzi kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe kuruga omu ruganda rwa Ransome-Kuti.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFMaduakor1986 Maduakor 1986], pp.&#x20;227.</ref> Nyina Grace hamwe n'ab'eka ye, aba Ransome-Kutis, bakaba bari ab'eka y'amaani omuri Nigeria<ref>Staff writer (9 May 2014). "[https://businessday.ng/family-and-relationships/article/great-dynasties-the-ransome-kutis/ Great Dynasties:The Ransome-Kutis]". ''[[:en:BusinessDay_(Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> abarikugambwaho nk'ekigarukwamu kya Nigeria aha ka ya Kennedy omuri United States. Owaabatandikireho, omusesorodooti w'Abakuristaayo J. J. Ransome-Kuti, akaba ari omuntu w'okubanza omu ihanga rye omu by'okushohoza ebyeshongoro omu myaka ya 1920.<ref>Sansom, Ian. "[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/11/fela-kuti-great-dynasties-ian-sansom Great Dynasties: The Ransome-Kutis]". ''theguardian.com''. Retrieved 17 January 2026.</ref> Kuruga 1940 kuhistya 1946, Soyinka akaba naashoma aha St. Peters Primary School, ahu ishe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eishomero.<ref>"[https://guardian.ng/art/genius-of-the-unconventional-and-the-patterning-of-dualities-wole-soyinkas-early-childhood-part-3/ Genius of the unconventional and the patterning of dualities: Wole Soyinka's early childhood]". ''T[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|he Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akashomera siniya ye Abeokuta Grammar School kandi okushoma kwe okw'okweteekateekyera Yunivasite aha Government College, Ibadan kuruga 1946 kuhisya 1951.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/soyinka-wole-1934/ Wole Soyinka (1934- )]". ''[[:en:BlackPast.org|BlackPast.org]]''. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akaheebwa omwanya omu University College Ibadan, ahu yaashomire ebyahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza, Orugriika, hamwe n'ebyafaayo by'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kuruga 1952 kuhisya 1954.<ref name=":1">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola 2021], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Omu myaka ye y'ahamuheru omu yunivasite, akahandiika omuzaano mugufu aha reediyo, Keffi's Birthday Treat, ogwashohwire omu Kwamushanju 1954 kuruga omu kitongore kya Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1980 Gibbs 1980], p.&#x20;21.</ref> Hamwe n'abeegi bagyenzi be otwariiremu Olumuyiwa Awẹ, Ralph Opara, Aig-Imoukhuede, na Pius Olegbe, akatandikaho ekibiina ekirikwetwa National Association of Seadogs, ekibiina ky'okubanza omuri Nigeria.<ref name=":1" /> Soyinka akafuruka kuruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza omuri 1954 kugumizamu n'emishomo ye omu byahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza aha Yunivasite ya Leeds arikureebererwa G. Wilson Knight.<ref>''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFEncyclopedia_Britannica2024 Encyclopedia Britannica]'' 2024.</ref> Okusharamu kw'okushoma aheeru y'eihanga omu bwire obwo obu okushoma diguri ya kabiri kyabaire kitarikubaho omuri Ibadan kikaba kiri kurabira omuri Joyce M. Green, omukazi Omungyereza owaizire omu University College, Ibadan kuruga Cambridge omuri 1950, kandi owaabaire ari omwe aha beegyesa ba Soyinka kandi owaabaire amuhaire ekihandiiko kirungi eky'okumugambaho omuri Leeds.<ref>Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi (28 July 2019). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/soyinkas-early-romance-with-england-1954-1959-a-cold-chapter-for-an-anti-form-rebel-part-1/ Soyinka's early romance with England 1954-1959: A cold chapter for an anti-form rebel]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 8 January 2026.</ref> Aha yunivasite ya Leeds, akaheereza nk'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka yunivasite akarikushetsya, The Eagle, omuri ako yaahandiika ekicweka aha magara g'eby'okushoma. Omu Kwamunaana 1955, akatandika kukwata ebyeshongoro aha BBC Lecture kandi yaahandiika ebitebyo bigufu nyingi. Omuri 1957, akasingura empaka z'okugamba ezirikubaho buri mwaka ezirikuteebwaho Yunivasite.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFLindfors1974 Lindfors 1974], pp.&#x20;471–486.</ref> == Emirimo == === 1957–1967: Omurimo gwe gw'okubanza === Soyinka akaguma omuri Leeds bwanyima y'okutunga diguri ye eya BA honours omu Rungyereza omuri 1957.<ref name=":2" /> Omu 1957, akatandika kuhandiika emizaano ye ey'okubanza, ''Swamp Dwellers'' na ''The Lion and the Jewel''. Soyinka akaza London kandi yaakora nk'omushomi w'emizaano aha Royal Court Theatre. Akebembera ekibiina kya Nigerian Drama Group ekyakozire The Swamp Dwellers omuri 1958. Omu bwire obwo, emizaano ye ebiri ekazaanwa omuri Ibadan, Nigeria. Omuri 1957, omuzaano gwe, The Invention, gukashohozibwa aha Royal Court Theatre omuri London, kandi gukaba guri omurimo gwe gw'okubanza aha.<ref>"Wole Soyinka". ''African Biography''. Detroit, MI: Gale (published 2 December 2006). 1999. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-2823-9|978-0-7876-2823-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akahandiika ebyevugo, otwariiremu "''The Immigrant''" hamwe na "''My Next Door Neighbour''", ebyareebekire omuri Black Orpheus. Omuri 1959, Soyinka akagaruka Nigeria bwanyima y'okutunga obuhwezi bwa Rockefeller Research Fellowship ahabw'okucondooza kwe aha by'emizaano ya Afirika. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe omwaka nigwo gumwe, akaza omu mwanya gwa Janheinz Jahn nk'omwe ahabahandiiki babiri bakuru ba Black Orpheus.<ref>Jacobs, Alan. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/trials-brother-jero The Trials Of Brother Jero]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu 1960, akamara omuzaano gwe ogwa reediyo Camwood on the Leaves, kandi n'omuzaano gwe ''The Trials of Brother Jero'' gukatongozibwa omu Mellanby Hall residence of University College Ibadan omu Kwakana 1960. Akakora ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Mask omu myaka ya 1960. Omuzaano gwe ogwa A Dance of The Forest, gukatongozibwa nk'omuzaano gw'eizooba ry'okwetegyeka kwa Nigeria, kandi ebiro 1 Okwaikumi 1960, gukatongozibwa omuri Lagos.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[[:en:BlackPast.org|Wole Soyinka (1934- )". ''BlackPast.org'']]. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Omuzaano gwa Soyinka ogw'okubanza ogurikwetwa My Father's Burden, gukaba nigwebemberwa Olusegun Olusola kandi gukaba nigworekwa aha Western Nigeria Television ebiro 6 Okwamunaana 1960.<ref>Uzoatu, Uzor Maxim (5 October 2013). "[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/146108-essential-soyinka-timeline-uzor-maxim-uzoatu.html The Essential Soyinka Timeline]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref> Omu 1962, Soyinka akahandiika ebihandiiko birikurwanirira okushoma n'okuhandiika omuri Nigeria omu bwire obwo otwariiremu "Death of the King's Horsemen" hamwe na "Towards a True Theater", ebyashohoziibwe omu Transition Magazine.<ref>Amayi, Zakayo (22 June 2013). "[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/standard-entertainment/article/2000086475/soyinkas-grumpy-battles-to-defend-literary-legacy Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's grumpy battles to defend literary legacy]". Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa aha Obafemi Awolowo University omuri Ifẹ. Omu 1963, firimu ye y'okubanza, Culture in Transition, ekashohozibwa. Soyinka akarekura omurimo gwe aha Yunivasite omuri 1964, nk'okwesharinga ahabw'emitwarize y'okushagika gavumenti eyateirweho ab'obushoborozi. Akagira ngu ab'obushoborozi omu yunivasite bakakwatanisa eitendekyero n'obutegyeki bwa Samuel Ladoke Akintola obwabaire butarikukundwa. Omu bwire obwo, akakora The Lion and the Jewel<ref>"[https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/critical-responses-to-african-theatre-wole-soyinkas-the-lion-and-the-jewel-by-professor-martin-banham/ Critical Responses to African Theatre: Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel by Professor Martin Banham | Black Plays Archive]". ''www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> omu siizoni y'emizaano omu Rungyereza na Yoruba hamwe n'okutandikaho The Orisun Theatre Company, guruupu ya theatre. Omu 1965, akakora omuzaano gwa gurikujumirira emitwarize mibi omungyeru erikushestya, ''Before the Blackout''.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/african-theatre-soyinka/ Review of African Theatre Soyinka: Blackout, Blowout and Beyond | Centre for African Studies (LUCAS)]". ''lucas.leeds.ac.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuzano gwe, Kongi's Harvest, gukatandika omu Kwamunaana omuri Lagos. Ebiro 14 September 1965, omuzaano gwe The Road gukatandika kworekwa omuri London aha Commonwealth Arts Festival hamwe na Theatre Royal Stratford East. Soyinka akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa mukuru aha Yunivasite ya Lagos. Juba, ekitabo kye ekisya The Interpreters kikashohozibwa André Deutsch omuri London. Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akakomwa omurundi gw'okubanza, yaajunaanwa okukwata reediyo aha mbundu akahindura akatambi k'ebigambo by'enganzi y'ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba n'akatambi akarikujunaana okwiba akaruuru. Akarekurwa bwanyima y'ameezi agamwe g'okukomwa ahabw'okwesharinga kw'abantu b'ensi yoona abahandiiki. Akahandiika n'ekitabo The Detainee, omuzaano gwa reediyo ogwashohozibwe BBC omuri London.<ref>Ezugwu, Obinna (19 July 2021). "[https://hallmarknews.com/salute-to-kongi-at-87/ Salute To Kongi At 87]". ''hallmarknews.com''. Retrieved 13 August 2022.</ref> === 1966–1968: Orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria === Bwanyima y'okuba Mukuru w'ekibiina ky'emizaano aha Yunivasite ya Ibadan, Soyinka akatandika kwejumba omu by'obutegyeki. Bwanyima y'amahe okuhamba obutegyeki omu kwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1966, akabugana omu kihama Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, gavana w'amahe ow'amashuuma g'oburugwa izooba bwa Nigeria omu kugyezaho okuzibira orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria.<ref>"[https://howng.com/professor-wole-soyinka-full-biographylife-and-news/ Professor Wole Soyinka Full Biography, Life And News]". ''howng.com''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Akaza n'omuri Ẹnugu, ahu yabugaine mugyenzi we Omuyoruba, Victor Banjọ, orikukora na gavumenti ya Biafra. Soyinka, owaashabire obushagiki bw'abeebembezi b'amahe omu kicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, akahitsya obutumwa bwa Banjo ahari Lieutenant Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo, owaabaire atoorainwe nk'omuduumizi w'amahe g'omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba. Omumwebazyo gw'akana, Soyinka agarukire omu mahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, amahe ga Biafra gakatahirira ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Bwanyima y'okutwara oburengyerwa-izooba, Soyinka akabugana Obasanjo kumugambira ekigyendererwa ky'Ababiafra ahabwokuba Obasanjo akaba yaacwiremu kwegaita aha gavumenti ya Nigeria. Kwonka okutahirira kwa Biafra ahagati yóburegyerwa eizooba kikarugamu okuhoorera okwakozirwe amahe ga gavumenti eya federo, kandi orutaro rw'omunda rukatandika. Obasanjo akashoboorora gavumenti ya Nigeria orukiiko rwe na Soyinka, yarangirira Soyinka nk'omuheekyera, n'ahabw'ekyo akakwatwa ab'obushoborozi bwa federo kandi yaakomwa kumara emyezi 22.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/07/27/wole.soyinka/index.html Wole Soyinka: Nigeria's Nobel Laureate]". ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. 1 August 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2026.</ref> Akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi n'byevugo arikujuumirira gavumenti ya Nigeria obu yaabaire ari omu kihome.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (2006), ''You Must Set Forth at Dawn'', p. 6.</ref> Omu kutandika kwa 1967, ebihandiiko bye Kongi’s Harvest na Idanre and Other Poems bikashohozibwa.<ref>"[https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/engp06/chapter/wole-soyinka-kongis-harvest/ Wole Soyinka, Kongi's Harvest – African & Caribbean Writing in English]". ''ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Ari na Tom Stoppard, akatunga ekirabo kya John Whiting omuri London. Akatooranwa kuba mukuru w'eishomero rya Drama, Yunivasite ya Ibadan kwonka akaremwa kutwara entebe egyo ahabw'okubohwa omu kwezi kwa munaana. N'obu araabe yaabaire ari omu kihome, omuzaano gwe ogurikwetwa The Lion and The Jewel gukagumizamu gwashohozibwa omuri Accra, Ghana omu Kwamwenda 1967. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Strong Breed bikashohozibwa aba Off-Broadway omu Greenwich Mews Theatre omuri New York City. Omuri 1968, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Jock Campbell-New Statesman Award. Ekibiina kya Negro Ensemble Company kikashohoza Kongi's Harvest aha St. Mark's Theatre, New York.<ref>"[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,838330,00.html Theater: Kongi's Harvest]". ''Time''. 26 April 1968. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X 0040-781X]. Retrieved 7 May 2022.</ref> Akavunuura D. O. Fagunwa's Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irunmale kuruga omu rurimi rwa Yoruba kuza omu Rungyereza. Kikashohozibwa nka The Forest of a Thousand Demons: A Hunter's Saga. === Okurekurwa n'okushohoza ebitabo. === Omu Okwaikumi 1969, emyezi mikye erikuburayo orutaro rw'omunda rukahwa, okusaasira kukarangirirwa, Soyinka hamwe n'abandi basibe b'eby'obutegyeki barekurwa.<ref>PEN America (16 April 2012). "[https://pen.org/case-histories-wole-soyinka/ Case Histories: Wole Soyinka]". ''PEN America''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omu myezi mikye y'okubanza bwanyima y'okurekurwa kwe, Soyinka akaguma aha faamu ya munywani we omu mashuuma ga Bufaransa, ahu yaasherwire kuhuumuraho wenka. Akahandiika The Bacchae of Euripides (1969), ekihandiiko kihindwiremu kushushana enfumu ya Pentheus.<ref name=":3">Killam and Rowe (eds), ''The Companion to African Literature'' (2000), p. 276.</ref> Kandi akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebyevugo omuri London, kikwetwa Poems from Prison. Aha muheru gw'omwaka, akagaruka omu ofiisi ye nk'orikukurira eby'emizaano omuri Ibadan.<ref name=":5">"[https://dailytrust.com/things-to-know-about-prof-wole-soyinka-at-89/ Things To Know About Prof Wole Soyinka At 89]". ''[[:en:Daily_Trust|Daily Trust]]''. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omu 1970, akashohoza omuzaano Kongi's Harvest, kandi omu bwire bumwe akaguhindura nk'omuzaano gwa firimu gw'eiziina niryo rimwe, Kongi's Harvest. Omu Kwamukaaga 1970, akamara omuzaano ogundi, ogurikwetwa Madmen and Specialists.<ref>Ajeluorou, Anote (25 July 2015). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/periscoping-a-senseless-war-in-madmen-and-specialists/ Periscoping A Senseless War In Madmen And Specialists]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</ref> Arikukoragana n'ekibiina ky'abazaani 15 ba Ibadan University Theatre Art Company, akagyenda United States, kureeba Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center omuri Waterford, Connecticut, ahu omuzaano gwe oguyabaire ahererukurieyo kuhandiika gwayorekirwe omurundi gwokubanza.[citation needed] Omu 1971, ekitabo kye ky'ebyevugo ekya A Shuttle in the Crypt kikashohozibwa. Madmen and Specialists kikashohozibwa omuri Ibadan omwaka ogwo.<ref>Lee, Christopher J. (25 March 2020). "[http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/reading-wole-soyinka-s-madmen-and-specialists-time-pandemic Reading Wole Soyinka's 'Madmen and Specialists' in a Time of Pandemic]". ''Warscapes''.</ref> Omu Kwakana 1971, ahabw'okwerarikirira aha mbeera y'eby'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria, Soyinka akarekura emirimo ye aha Yunivasite omuri Ibadan, kandi yaatandika emyaka mingi ayetwaire omubuzaahe. kuza omu buzaahe.<ref name=":6">Adegbamigbe, Ademola (13 July 2019). "[https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/07/13/soyinka-at-85-why-i-detained-him-for-2-years-during-civil-war-yakubu-gowon/ Soyinka at 85: 'Why I Detained Him for 2 Years During the Civil War' - Yakubu Gowon]". ''The NEWS''. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</ref> Soyinka akagyenda omuri Paris, Bufaransa, kutwara omurimo gw'okuzaana nka Patrice Lumumba, mukuru w'eihanga w'okubanza rya Repubulika ya Kongo owaisirwe, omu muzaano ogwashohozibwe Joan Littlewood omu kwakataano 1971 ogurikwetwa Murderous Angels, omuzaano gwa Conor Cruise O'Brien ogwabaire nigukwata aha buremeezi bwa Kongo.<ref name=":4">Gibbs, James. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/soyinka-wole-13-july-1934 Soyinka, Wole 1934–]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 September 2021. (Updated by [[:en:Tanure_Ojaide|Tanure Ojaide]].)</ref><ref>[[:en:Biodun_Jeyifo|Jeyifo, Biodun]] (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nwhlgrVqvYkC&q=%22Murderous+Angels%22%3D&pg=PR27 Chronology]". ''Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, and Postcolonialism''. Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;xxvii. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139439084|9781139439084]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri Paris, ebicweka kuruga omu muzaano gwa Soyinka ogurikumanywa munonga The Dance of The Forests bikazaanwa.<ref>Adenekan, Sulaiman (2016). "[https://www.tradenewswire.net/the-pride-of-africa-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-clocks-85-years-serving-humanity-poetically/ The Pride of Africa: Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka clocks 85 years serving humanity poeticall]y". ''Trade Newswire''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Omu 1972, ekitabo kye Season of Anomy hamwe na Collected Plays byona bikashohozibwa Oxford University Press. Ekihandiiko kye ky'ebirikumukwataho ekya The Man Died, ekirikurundaana ebi yaahandiikire omu kihome, nakyo kikashohozibwa omwaka ogwo.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/biographical/ Wole Soyinka | Biographical]", The Nobel Prize, 1986.</ref> Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Honoris Causa doctorate kuruga omu Yunivasite ya Leeds omuri 1973.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/honorary-degree/ Honorary Degree]", Leeds ''African Studies Bulletin'' 19 (November 1973), pp. 1–2. [Professor Soyinka receiving the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from the Chancellor, HRH the Duchess of Kent, on Thursday 17 May 1973 – image from 'Nobel Prize for Leeds Graduate', ''The Reporter'' (the University of Leeds), 258, 24 October 1986.]</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, National Theatre, London, ekashaba kandi yaatongoza omuzaano The Bacchae of Euripides,<ref name=":3" /> kandi emizaano ye Camwood on the Leaves na Jero's Metamorphosis nayo ekaba eri ey'okubanza kushohozibwa. Akamara omwaka gumwe nk'omugyenyi aha Churchill College, Cambridge<ref>Gumbel, Andrew (3 November 2005). "[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/03/theatre3 Wole Soyinka on how he came to write Death and the King's Horseman]". ''The Guardian''.</ref> (1973–74)<ref name=":4" /> kandi yaahandiika Death and the King's Horseman, ekyashomirwe omurundi gw'okubanza aha Churchill College.<ref name=":5" /> Omu 1974, Oxford University Press ekashohoza Soyinka's Collected Plays, Volume II. Akateeraho hamwe ekitabo kya 1975 Poems of Black Africa, ekyashohoziibwe nka kimwe ahakicweka kya Heinemann African Writers Series.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JtqywAEACAAJ Poems of Black Africa]'', Heinemann African Writers Series, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]. <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780435901714|9780435901714]]</bdi>.</ref> Kandi omuri 1975, Soyinka akakuzibwa yaaza aha ntebe y'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka Transition Magazine, akaabaire nikashangwa omu kibuga ekikuru ekya Ghana ekya Accra, ahu yaafurukiire.<ref name=":6" /> Akakoresa ebihandiiko bye omu magaziini kujumirira abo abarikusaasibwa munonga abairaguju (nk'eky'okureeberaho, ekicweka kye "Neo-Tarzanism: Eby'obutegyeki obwa Pseudo-Transition) hamwe n'obutegyeki bw'amahe. Akeesharinga ahabw'obutegyeki bw'amahe obwa Idi Amin omu Uganda. Bwanyima y'empindahinduka omu by'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria hamwe n'okuhenda gavumenti y'amahe eya Gowon omuri 1975, Soyinka akagaruka omu ihanga rye kandi yaagaruka omu mwanya gwe nka mukuru w'okugyeragyeranisa ebyahandiikirwe. omu Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref name=":6" /> === Okushomesa === Kuruga 1975 kuhisya 1999, Soyinka akaheereza nka Purofeesa w'ebitabo ebirikugyeragyeranisibwa aha Obafemi Awolowo University.<ref>Odinaka (31 July 2018). "[https://www.tori.ng/news/102835/the-house-prof-soyinka-lived-in-during-oau-days-tu.html The House Prof. Soyinka Lived In During OAU Days, Turned Into A Campus Museum (Photos)]". ''Tori.ng''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Amerika, akeegyesa aha Cornell University nk'omuhangu wa Goldwin Smith omu kwega aha Afirika hamwe n'eby'emizaano kuruga 1988 kuhisya 1991. Aha Yunivasite ya Emory, akatooranwa nka Robert W. Woodruff Purofeesa w'eby'emikono omuri 1996 kandi atwire ari Purofeesa w'okuhandiika omu Yunivasite ya Nevada, Las Vegas. Soyinka akaheereza scholar-in-residence omu Institute of African American Affairs eya New York University hamwe na Loyola Marymount University omuri Los Angeles, California. Akegyesa n'aha Yunivasite za Cambridge, Oxford, Harvard na Yale. Akaba ari omwegi w'amaani omu kutuura aha Yunivasite ya Duke omuri 2008.<ref>"[https://alumni.duke.edu/magazine/articles/soyinka-stage Soyinka on Stage | Nobel laureate works with student production of his play]". ''Duke Magazine''. No.&#x20;January–February 2011. 31 January 2011. Retrieved 18 April 2021.</ref> Omu Kwaikumi na kubiri 2017, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Europe Theatre Prize omu kicweka kya "Special Prize" category,<ref>Ajibade, Kunle (12 December 2017). "[https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2017/12/12/wole-soyinka-wins-europe-theatre-prize/ Wole Soyinka Wins The Europe Theatre Prize]". ''[[:en:P.M._News|P.M. News]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref><ref>"[https://www.concisenews.global/news/soyinka-wins-2017-the-europe-theatre-prize/ Soyinka Wins 2017 Europe Theatre Prize]". ''Concise News''. 15 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> ekyahairwe omuntu owaabaire "aine ekyayongyeireho omu kuhikiiriza emikoro y'eby'obuhangwa erikureetaho okwetegyereza n'okubagana amagyezi ahagati y'abantu".<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20171225034855/http://www.jamesmurua.com/wole-soyinka-to-receive-europe-theatre-prize-2017/ Wole Soyinka to receive Europe Theatre Prize 2017]". ''James Murua's Literature Blog''. 14 December 2017. Archived from the original on 25 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> Ebiro 1 September 2022, Soyinka akatwara entebe y'okuba Purofeesa w'eby'emizaano aha New York University Abu Dhabi.[51][52] == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == 4ykfwov2astmyf1cott8fpa871oon4q 7256328 7256327 2026-07-20T09:20:16Z Rooth N 2608660 7256328 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wp/nyn]] '''Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola] 2021, p.&#x20;34.</ref>''', a'''kazaarwa 13 Okwamushanju 1934) n'omuhandiiki Omunigeria, w'emizaano, kandi omuhandiiki w'ebitabo. Akahandiika ebitabo bishatu, by'ebitabo by'emigane mikye eikumi, ebitabo mushanju by'ebyevugo, ebitabo by'emizaano abiri na bitaano, hamwe n'ebitabo bitaano by'ebirikumukwataho.<ref name=":2">Gibbs, James (1986). ''Wole Soyinka''. Basingstoke: [[:en:Macmillan_Publishers|Macmillan]]. p.&#x20;3. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780333305287|9780333305287]]</bdi>.</ref> Ahandiikire ebitabo bibiri ebivunwirwe hamwe n'ebicweka bingi hamwe n'ebitebyo bikye bikye by'okuhandiikisa empapura z'amakuru hamwe n'ebitabo by'obwire bukye. Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel eky'omwaka 1986 omu by'obuhangwa ahabw'okugira ngu akaba naashwijuma "ebintu bingi ebirikukwata aha buhangwa hamwe n'orurimi rw'okwevuga ahabirikukwata aha kubaho kw'abantu".<ref>Abdullahi, Idowu (11 October 2024). "[https://punchng.com/nobel-laureate-award-exposed-me-to-danger-wole-soyinka/ Nobel Laureate award exposed me to danger]". ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Akazaarwa omu ka y'Abakurisitaayo Abayoruba omuri Aké, Abeokuta.<ref>"[https://dawncommission.org/professor-wole-soyinka/ Professor Wole Soyinka – DAWN Commission]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref><ref name=":0">"[https://wolesoyinkalecture.org/about-wole-soyinka-2/ About Wole Soyinka]". ''Wole Soyinka Lecture Series''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Soyinka akatunga obwegyese obw'okumutebeekanisa aha Government College, Ibadan kandi yaagyenda aha University College Ibadan. Omu bwire bw'obwegyese bwe, akatandikaho ekibiina kya Pyrate Confraternity.<ref name=":0" /> Soyinka akaruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza kwega aha Yunivasite ya Leeds. Omu bwire obwo, niwe yaabaire ari omuhandiiki w'akatabo ka yunivasite, The Eagle, atakabaire muhandiiki ow'obutwire omu myaka ya 1950.<ref>"[https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/wole-soyinka/ Wole Soyinka – Narrative Landscape Press]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Bungyereza, akatandika kuhandiika ebitebyo bigufu n'okukora ebihandiiko aha BBC Lecture series. Akahandiika emizaano mingi eyazaanairwe aha reediyo hamwe n'omu myanya y'emizaano omuri Nigeria hamwe na Bungyereza, okukira munonga Royal Court Theatre.<ref>"[https://livingarchive.royalcourttheatre.com/black-plays-1960s/ Black Plays 1960s]". ''Royal Court - Living Archive''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Ebitabo bya Soyinka bingi hamwe n'emizaano ye, nibiteebwaho omuri Nigeria, ekirikworeka ebyafaayo by'eihanga eryo, eby'obuhangwa, hamwe n'oburemeezi bw'eby'obutegyeki. Oyihireho emirimo egi, akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi ebirikujumiirira emitwarize mibi y'abantu omungyeri erikushetsya. Ebihandiiko ebi bikajanjaara omu bantu baingi kandi byakundwa munonga. Atungire obusinguzi n'emizaano ye, otwariiremu The Swamp Dwellers (1958), The Lion and the Jewel (1959), na The Invention (1957), omuzaano gumwe ahayabandize, ogwakoriirwe aha Royal Court Theatre. Soyinka ahandiikire ebitabo bingi, otwariiremu The Interpreters (1965), Season of Anomy (1973), Death and the King's Horseman, Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth (2021), na Harmattan Haze on an African Spring (2012). Omu Kwamushanju 2024, Bola Tinubu akahindura eiziina ry'ekishengye ky'emizaano ekya National Arts Theatre ahanyima ya Soyinka aha mazaarwa ge ag'emyaka 90. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Soyinka akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju 1934 omuri Ake, Abeokuta, Nigeria omu ka y'Abakristaayo ey'obuzaare bw'Abayoruba. Akaba ari owa kabiri omu baana mushanju[a] ba Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, omuheereza w'Abakuristayo kandi mukuru w'eishomero kuruga omu ruganda rw'obugabe orwa Isara-Remo[<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1988 Gibbs 1988], pp.&#x20;526.</ref> hamwe na Grace Soyinka (née Jenkins-Harrison), omushubuuzi kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe kuruga omu ruganda rwa Ransome-Kuti.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFMaduakor1986 Maduakor 1986], pp.&#x20;227.</ref> Nyina Grace hamwe n'ab'eka ye, aba Ransome-Kutis, bakaba bari ab'eka y'amaani omuri Nigeria<ref>Staff writer (9 May 2014). "[https://businessday.ng/family-and-relationships/article/great-dynasties-the-ransome-kutis/ Great Dynasties:The Ransome-Kutis]". ''[[:en:BusinessDay_(Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> abarikugambwaho nk'ekigarukwamu kya Nigeria aha ka ya Kennedy omuri United States. Owaabatandikireho, omusesorodooti w'Abakuristaayo J. J. Ransome-Kuti, akaba ari omuntu w'okubanza omu ihanga rye omu by'okushohoza ebyeshongoro omu myaka ya 1920.<ref>Sansom, Ian. "[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/11/fela-kuti-great-dynasties-ian-sansom Great Dynasties: The Ransome-Kutis]". ''theguardian.com''. Retrieved 17 January 2026.</ref> Kuruga 1940 kuhistya 1946, Soyinka akaba naashoma aha St. Peters Primary School, ahu ishe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eishomero.<ref>"[https://guardian.ng/art/genius-of-the-unconventional-and-the-patterning-of-dualities-wole-soyinkas-early-childhood-part-3/ Genius of the unconventional and the patterning of dualities: Wole Soyinka's early childhood]". ''T[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|he Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akashomera siniya ye Abeokuta Grammar School kandi okushoma kwe okw'okweteekateekyera Yunivasite aha Government College, Ibadan kuruga 1946 kuhisya 1951.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/soyinka-wole-1934/ Wole Soyinka (1934- )]". ''[[:en:BlackPast.org|BlackPast.org]]''. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akaheebwa omwanya omu University College Ibadan, ahu yaashomire ebyahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza, Orugriika, hamwe n'ebyafaayo by'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kuruga 1952 kuhisya 1954.<ref name=":1">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola 2021], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Omu myaka ye y'ahamuheru omu yunivasite, akahandiika omuzaano mugufu aha reediyo, Keffi's Birthday Treat, ogwashohwire omu Kwamushanju 1954 kuruga omu kitongore kya Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1980 Gibbs 1980], p.&#x20;21.</ref> Hamwe n'abeegi bagyenzi be otwariiremu Olumuyiwa Awẹ, Ralph Opara, Aig-Imoukhuede, na Pius Olegbe, akatandikaho ekibiina ekirikwetwa National Association of Seadogs, ekibiina ky'okubanza omuri Nigeria.<ref name=":1" /> Soyinka akafuruka kuruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza omuri 1954 kugumizamu n'emishomo ye omu byahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza aha Yunivasite ya Leeds arikureebererwa G. Wilson Knight.<ref>''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFEncyclopedia_Britannica2024 Encyclopedia Britannica]'' 2024.</ref> Okusharamu kw'okushoma aheeru y'eihanga omu bwire obwo obu okushoma diguri ya kabiri kyabaire kitarikubaho omuri Ibadan kikaba kiri kurabira omuri Joyce M. Green, omukazi Omungyereza owaizire omu University College, Ibadan kuruga Cambridge omuri 1950, kandi owaabaire ari omwe aha beegyesa ba Soyinka kandi owaabaire amuhaire ekihandiiko kirungi eky'okumugambaho omuri Leeds.<ref>Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi (28 July 2019). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/soyinkas-early-romance-with-england-1954-1959-a-cold-chapter-for-an-anti-form-rebel-part-1/ Soyinka's early romance with England 1954-1959: A cold chapter for an anti-form rebel]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 8 January 2026.</ref> Aha yunivasite ya Leeds, akaheereza nk'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka yunivasite akarikushetsya, The Eagle, omuri ako yaahandiika ekicweka aha magara g'eby'okushoma. Omu Kwamunaana 1955, akatandika kukwata ebyeshongoro aha BBC Lecture kandi yaahandiika ebitebyo bigufu nyingi. Omuri 1957, akasingura empaka z'okugamba ezirikubaho buri mwaka ezirikuteebwaho Yunivasite.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFLindfors1974 Lindfors 1974], pp.&#x20;471–486.</ref> == Emirimo == === 1957–1967: Omurimo gwe gw'okubanza === Soyinka akaguma omuri Leeds bwanyima y'okutunga diguri ye eya BA honours omu Rungyereza omuri 1957.<ref name=":2" /> Omu 1957, akatandika kuhandiika emizaano ye ey'okubanza, ''Swamp Dwellers'' na ''The Lion and the Jewel''. Soyinka akaza London kandi yaakora nk'omushomi w'emizaano aha Royal Court Theatre. Akebembera ekibiina kya Nigerian Drama Group ekyakozire The Swamp Dwellers omuri 1958. Omu bwire obwo, emizaano ye ebiri ekazaanwa omuri Ibadan, Nigeria. Omuri 1957, omuzaano gwe, The Invention, gukashohozibwa aha Royal Court Theatre omuri London, kandi gukaba guri omurimo gwe gw'okubanza aha.<ref>"Wole Soyinka". ''African Biography''. Detroit, MI: Gale (published 2 December 2006). 1999. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-2823-9|978-0-7876-2823-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akahandiika ebyevugo, otwariiremu "''The Immigrant''" hamwe na "''My Next Door Neighbour''", ebyareebekire omuri Black Orpheus. Omuri 1959, Soyinka akagaruka Nigeria bwanyima y'okutunga obuhwezi bwa Rockefeller Research Fellowship ahabw'okucondooza kwe aha by'emizaano ya Afirika. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe omwaka nigwo gumwe, akaza omu mwanya gwa Janheinz Jahn nk'omwe ahabahandiiki babiri bakuru ba Black Orpheus.<ref>Jacobs, Alan. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/trials-brother-jero The Trials Of Brother Jero]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu 1960, akamara omuzaano gwe ogwa reediyo Camwood on the Leaves, kandi n'omuzaano gwe ''The Trials of Brother Jero'' gukatongozibwa omu Mellanby Hall residence of University College Ibadan omu Kwakana 1960. Akakora ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Mask omu myaka ya 1960. Omuzaano gwe ogwa A Dance of The Forest, gukatongozibwa nk'omuzaano gw'eizooba ry'okwetegyeka kwa Nigeria, kandi ebiro 1 Okwaikumi 1960, gukatongozibwa omuri Lagos.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[[:en:BlackPast.org|Wole Soyinka (1934- )". ''BlackPast.org'']]. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Omuzaano gwa Soyinka ogw'okubanza ogurikwetwa My Father's Burden, gukaba nigwebemberwa Olusegun Olusola kandi gukaba nigworekwa aha Western Nigeria Television ebiro 6 Okwamunaana 1960.<ref>Uzoatu, Uzor Maxim (5 October 2013). "[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/146108-essential-soyinka-timeline-uzor-maxim-uzoatu.html The Essential Soyinka Timeline]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref> Omu 1962, Soyinka akahandiika ebihandiiko birikurwanirira okushoma n'okuhandiika omuri Nigeria omu bwire obwo otwariiremu "Death of the King's Horsemen" hamwe na "Towards a True Theater", ebyashohoziibwe omu Transition Magazine.<ref>Amayi, Zakayo (22 June 2013). "[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/standard-entertainment/article/2000086475/soyinkas-grumpy-battles-to-defend-literary-legacy Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's grumpy battles to defend literary legacy]". Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa aha Obafemi Awolowo University omuri Ifẹ. Omu 1963, firimu ye y'okubanza, Culture in Transition, ekashohozibwa. Soyinka akarekura omurimo gwe aha Yunivasite omuri 1964, nk'okwesharinga ahabw'emitwarize y'okushagika gavumenti eyateirweho ab'obushoborozi. Akagira ngu ab'obushoborozi omu yunivasite bakakwatanisa eitendekyero n'obutegyeki bwa Samuel Ladoke Akintola obwabaire butarikukundwa. Omu bwire obwo, akakora The Lion and the Jewel<ref>"[https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/critical-responses-to-african-theatre-wole-soyinkas-the-lion-and-the-jewel-by-professor-martin-banham/ Critical Responses to African Theatre: Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel by Professor Martin Banham | Black Plays Archive]". ''www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> omu siizoni y'emizaano omu Rungyereza na Yoruba hamwe n'okutandikaho The Orisun Theatre Company, guruupu ya theatre. Omu 1965, akakora omuzaano gwa gurikujumirira emitwarize mibi omungyeru erikushestya, ''Before the Blackout''.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/african-theatre-soyinka/ Review of African Theatre Soyinka: Blackout, Blowout and Beyond | Centre for African Studies (LUCAS)]". ''lucas.leeds.ac.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuzano gwe, Kongi's Harvest, gukatandika omu Kwamunaana omuri Lagos. Ebiro 14 September 1965, omuzaano gwe The Road gukatandika kworekwa omuri London aha Commonwealth Arts Festival hamwe na Theatre Royal Stratford East. Soyinka akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa mukuru aha Yunivasite ya Lagos. Juba, ekitabo kye ekisya The Interpreters kikashohozibwa André Deutsch omuri London. Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akakomwa omurundi gw'okubanza, yaajunaanwa okukwata reediyo aha mbundu akahindura akatambi k'ebigambo by'enganzi y'ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba n'akatambi akarikujunaana okwiba akaruuru. Akarekurwa bwanyima y'ameezi agamwe g'okukomwa ahabw'okwesharinga kw'abantu b'ensi yoona abahandiiki. Akahandiika n'ekitabo The Detainee, omuzaano gwa reediyo ogwashohozibwe BBC omuri London.<ref>Ezugwu, Obinna (19 July 2021). "[https://hallmarknews.com/salute-to-kongi-at-87/ Salute To Kongi At 87]". ''hallmarknews.com''. Retrieved 13 August 2022.</ref> === 1966–1968: Orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria === Bwanyima y'okuba Mukuru w'ekibiina ky'emizaano aha Yunivasite ya Ibadan, Soyinka akatandika kwejumba omu by'obutegyeki. Bwanyima y'amahe okuhamba obutegyeki omu kwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1966, akabugana omu kihama Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, gavana w'amahe ow'amashuuma g'oburugwa izooba bwa Nigeria omu kugyezaho okuzibira orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria.<ref>"[https://howng.com/professor-wole-soyinka-full-biographylife-and-news/ Professor Wole Soyinka Full Biography, Life And News]". ''howng.com''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Akaza n'omuri Ẹnugu, ahu yabugaine mugyenzi we Omuyoruba, Victor Banjọ, orikukora na gavumenti ya Biafra. Soyinka, owaashabire obushagiki bw'abeebembezi b'amahe omu kicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, akahitsya obutumwa bwa Banjo ahari Lieutenant Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo, owaabaire atoorainwe nk'omuduumizi w'amahe g'omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba. Omumwebazyo gw'akana, Soyinka agarukire omu mahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, amahe ga Biafra gakatahirira ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Bwanyima y'okutwara oburengyerwa-izooba, Soyinka akabugana Obasanjo kumugambira ekigyendererwa ky'Ababiafra ahabwokuba Obasanjo akaba yaacwiremu kwegaita aha gavumenti ya Nigeria. Kwonka okutahirira kwa Biafra ahagati yóburegyerwa eizooba kikarugamu okuhoorera okwakozirwe amahe ga gavumenti eya federo, kandi orutaro rw'omunda rukatandika. Obasanjo akashoboorora gavumenti ya Nigeria orukiiko rwe na Soyinka, yarangirira Soyinka nk'omuheekyera, n'ahabw'ekyo akakwatwa ab'obushoborozi bwa federo kandi yaakomwa kumara emyezi 22.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/07/27/wole.soyinka/index.html Wole Soyinka: Nigeria's Nobel Laureate]". ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. 1 August 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2026.</ref> Akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi n'byevugo arikujuumirira gavumenti ya Nigeria obu yaabaire ari omu kihome.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (2006), ''You Must Set Forth at Dawn'', p. 6.</ref> Omu kutandika kwa 1967, ebihandiiko bye Kongi’s Harvest na Idanre and Other Poems bikashohozibwa.<ref>"[https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/engp06/chapter/wole-soyinka-kongis-harvest/ Wole Soyinka, Kongi's Harvest – African & Caribbean Writing in English]". ''ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Ari na Tom Stoppard, akatunga ekirabo kya John Whiting omuri London. Akatooranwa kuba mukuru w'eishomero rya Drama, Yunivasite ya Ibadan kwonka akaremwa kutwara entebe egyo ahabw'okubohwa omu kwezi kwa munaana. N'obu araabe yaabaire ari omu kihome, omuzaano gwe ogurikwetwa The Lion and The Jewel gukagumizamu gwashohozibwa omuri Accra, Ghana omu Kwamwenda 1967. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Strong Breed bikashohozibwa aba Off-Broadway omu Greenwich Mews Theatre omuri New York City. Omuri 1968, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Jock Campbell-New Statesman Award. Ekibiina kya Negro Ensemble Company kikashohoza Kongi's Harvest aha St. Mark's Theatre, New York.<ref>"[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,838330,00.html Theater: Kongi's Harvest]". ''Time''. 26 April 1968. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X 0040-781X]. Retrieved 7 May 2022.</ref> Akavunuura D. O. Fagunwa's Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irunmale kuruga omu rurimi rwa Yoruba kuza omu Rungyereza. Kikashohozibwa nka The Forest of a Thousand Demons: A Hunter's Saga. === Okurekurwa n'okushohoza ebitabo. === Omu Okwaikumi 1969, emyezi mikye erikuburayo orutaro rw'omunda rukahwa, okusaasira kukarangirirwa, Soyinka hamwe n'abandi basibe b'eby'obutegyeki barekurwa.<ref>PEN America (16 April 2012). "[https://pen.org/case-histories-wole-soyinka/ Case Histories: Wole Soyinka]". ''PEN America''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omu myezi mikye y'okubanza bwanyima y'okurekurwa kwe, Soyinka akaguma aha faamu ya munywani we omu mashuuma ga Bufaransa, ahu yaasherwire kuhuumuraho wenka. Akahandiika The Bacchae of Euripides (1969), ekihandiiko kihindwiremu kushushana enfumu ya Pentheus.<ref name=":3">Killam and Rowe (eds), ''The Companion to African Literature'' (2000), p. 276.</ref> Kandi akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebyevugo omuri London, kikwetwa Poems from Prison. Aha muheru gw'omwaka, akagaruka omu ofiisi ye nk'orikukurira eby'emizaano omuri Ibadan.<ref name=":5">"[https://dailytrust.com/things-to-know-about-prof-wole-soyinka-at-89/ Things To Know About Prof Wole Soyinka At 89]". ''[[:en:Daily_Trust|Daily Trust]]''. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omu 1970, akashohoza omuzaano Kongi's Harvest, kandi omu bwire bumwe akaguhindura nk'omuzaano gwa firimu gw'eiziina niryo rimwe, Kongi's Harvest. Omu Kwamukaaga 1970, akamara omuzaano ogundi, ogurikwetwa Madmen and Specialists.<ref>Ajeluorou, Anote (25 July 2015). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/periscoping-a-senseless-war-in-madmen-and-specialists/ Periscoping A Senseless War In Madmen And Specialists]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</ref> Arikukoragana n'ekibiina ky'abazaani 15 ba Ibadan University Theatre Art Company, akagyenda United States, kureeba Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center omuri Waterford, Connecticut, ahu omuzaano gwe oguyabaire ahererukurieyo kuhandiika gwayorekirwe omurundi gwokubanza.[citation needed] Omu 1971, ekitabo kye ky'ebyevugo ekya A Shuttle in the Crypt kikashohozibwa. Madmen and Specialists kikashohozibwa omuri Ibadan omwaka ogwo.<ref>Lee, Christopher J. (25 March 2020). "[http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/reading-wole-soyinka-s-madmen-and-specialists-time-pandemic Reading Wole Soyinka's 'Madmen and Specialists' in a Time of Pandemic]". ''Warscapes''.</ref> Omu Kwakana 1971, ahabw'okwerarikirira aha mbeera y'eby'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria, Soyinka akarekura emirimo ye aha Yunivasite omuri Ibadan, kandi yaatandika emyaka mingi ayetwaire omubuzaahe. kuza omu buzaahe.<ref name=":6">Adegbamigbe, Ademola (13 July 2019). "[https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/07/13/soyinka-at-85-why-i-detained-him-for-2-years-during-civil-war-yakubu-gowon/ Soyinka at 85: 'Why I Detained Him for 2 Years During the Civil War' - Yakubu Gowon]". ''The NEWS''. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</ref> Soyinka akagyenda omuri Paris, Bufaransa, kutwara omurimo gw'okuzaana nka Patrice Lumumba, mukuru w'eihanga w'okubanza rya Repubulika ya Kongo owaisirwe, omu muzaano ogwashohozibwe Joan Littlewood omu kwakataano 1971 ogurikwetwa Murderous Angels, omuzaano gwa Conor Cruise O'Brien ogwabaire nigukwata aha buremeezi bwa Kongo.<ref name=":4">Gibbs, James. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/soyinka-wole-13-july-1934 Soyinka, Wole 1934–]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 September 2021. (Updated by [[:en:Tanure_Ojaide|Tanure Ojaide]].)</ref><ref>[[:en:Biodun_Jeyifo|Jeyifo, Biodun]] (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nwhlgrVqvYkC&q=%22Murderous+Angels%22%3D&pg=PR27 Chronology]". ''Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, and Postcolonialism''. Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;xxvii. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139439084|9781139439084]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri Paris, ebicweka kuruga omu muzaano gwa Soyinka ogurikumanywa munonga The Dance of The Forests bikazaanwa.<ref>Adenekan, Sulaiman (2016). "[https://www.tradenewswire.net/the-pride-of-africa-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-clocks-85-years-serving-humanity-poetically/ The Pride of Africa: Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka clocks 85 years serving humanity poeticall]y". ''Trade Newswire''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Omu 1972, ekitabo kye Season of Anomy hamwe na Collected Plays byona bikashohozibwa Oxford University Press. Ekihandiiko kye ky'ebirikumukwataho ekya The Man Died, ekirikurundaana ebi yaahandiikire omu kihome, nakyo kikashohozibwa omwaka ogwo.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/biographical/ Wole Soyinka | Biographical]", The Nobel Prize, 1986.</ref> Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Honoris Causa doctorate kuruga omu Yunivasite ya Leeds omuri 1973.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/honorary-degree/ Honorary Degree]", Leeds ''African Studies Bulletin'' 19 (November 1973), pp. 1–2. [Professor Soyinka receiving the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from the Chancellor, HRH the Duchess of Kent, on Thursday 17 May 1973 – image from 'Nobel Prize for Leeds Graduate', ''The Reporter'' (the University of Leeds), 258, 24 October 1986.]</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, National Theatre, London, ekashaba kandi yaatongoza omuzaano The Bacchae of Euripides,<ref name=":3" /> kandi emizaano ye Camwood on the Leaves na Jero's Metamorphosis nayo ekaba eri ey'okubanza kushohozibwa. Akamara omwaka gumwe nk'omugyenyi aha Churchill College, Cambridge<ref>Gumbel, Andrew (3 November 2005). "[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/03/theatre3 Wole Soyinka on how he came to write Death and the King's Horseman]". ''The Guardian''.</ref> (1973–74)<ref name=":4" /> kandi yaahandiika Death and the King's Horseman, ekyashomirwe omurundi gw'okubanza aha Churchill College.<ref name=":5" /> Omu 1974, Oxford University Press ekashohoza Soyinka's Collected Plays, Volume II. Akateeraho hamwe ekitabo kya 1975 Poems of Black Africa, ekyashohoziibwe nka kimwe ahakicweka kya Heinemann African Writers Series.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JtqywAEACAAJ Poems of Black Africa]'', Heinemann African Writers Series, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]. <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780435901714|9780435901714]]</bdi>.</ref> Kandi omuri 1975, Soyinka akakuzibwa yaaza aha ntebe y'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka Transition Magazine, akaabaire nikashangwa omu kibuga ekikuru ekya Ghana ekya Accra, ahu yaafurukiire.<ref name=":6" /> Akakoresa ebihandiiko bye omu magaziini kujumirira abo abarikusaasibwa munonga abairaguju (nk'eky'okureeberaho, ekicweka kye "Neo-Tarzanism: Eby'obutegyeki obwa Pseudo-Transition) hamwe n'obutegyeki bw'amahe. Akeesharinga ahabw'obutegyeki bw'amahe obwa Idi Amin omu Uganda. Bwanyima y'empindahinduka omu by'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria hamwe n'okuhenda gavumenti y'amahe eya Gowon omuri 1975, Soyinka akagaruka omu ihanga rye kandi yaagaruka omu mwanya gwe nka mukuru w'okugyeragyeranisa ebyahandiikirwe. omu Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref name=":6" /> === Okushomesa === Kuruga 1975 kuhisya 1999, Soyinka akaheereza nka Purofeesa w'ebitabo ebirikugyeragyeranisibwa aha Obafemi Awolowo University.<ref>Odinaka (31 July 2018). "[https://www.tori.ng/news/102835/the-house-prof-soyinka-lived-in-during-oau-days-tu.html The House Prof. Soyinka Lived In During OAU Days, Turned Into A Campus Museum (Photos)]". ''Tori.ng''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Amerika, akeegyesa aha Cornell University nk'omuhangu wa Goldwin Smith omu kwega aha Afirika hamwe n'eby'emizaano kuruga 1988 kuhisya 1991. Aha Yunivasite ya Emory, akatooranwa nka Robert W. Woodruff Purofeesa w'eby'emikono omuri 1996 kandi atwire ari Purofeesa w'okuhandiika omu Yunivasite ya Nevada, Las Vegas. Soyinka akaheereza scholar-in-residence omu Institute of African American Affairs eya New York University hamwe na Loyola Marymount University omuri Los Angeles, California. Akegyesa n'aha Yunivasite za Cambridge, Oxford, Harvard na Yale. Akaba ari omwegi w'amaani omu kutuura aha Yunivasite ya Duke omuri 2008.<ref>"[https://alumni.duke.edu/magazine/articles/soyinka-stage Soyinka on Stage | Nobel laureate works with student production of his play]". ''Duke Magazine''. No.&#x20;January–February 2011. 31 January 2011. Retrieved 18 April 2021.</ref> Omu Kwaikumi na kubiri 2017, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Europe Theatre Prize omu kicweka kya "Special Prize" category,<ref>Ajibade, Kunle (12 December 2017). "[https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2017/12/12/wole-soyinka-wins-europe-theatre-prize/ Wole Soyinka Wins The Europe Theatre Prize]". ''[[:en:P.M._News|P.M. News]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref><ref>"[https://www.concisenews.global/news/soyinka-wins-2017-the-europe-theatre-prize/ Soyinka Wins 2017 Europe Theatre Prize]". ''Concise News''. 15 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> ekyahairwe omuntu owaabaire "aine ekyayongyeireho omu kuhikiiriza emikoro y'eby'obuhangwa erikureetaho okwetegyereza n'okubagana amagyezi ahagati y'abantu".<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20171225034855/http://www.jamesmurua.com/wole-soyinka-to-receive-europe-theatre-prize-2017/ Wole Soyinka to receive Europe Theatre Prize 2017]". ''James Murua's Literature Blog''. 14 December 2017. Archived from the original on 25 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> Ebiro 1 September 2022, Soyinka akatwara entebe y'okuba Purofeesa w'eby'emizaano aha New York University Abu Dhabi.<ref>"[https://www.wam.ae/en/article/hszrfcet-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-joins-nyu-abu-dhabi Nobel laureate Wole Soyinka joins NYU Abu Dhabi faculty]". Emirates News Agency-WAM. 23 August 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref>[52] == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == hooxysgsgi1fwyaqf3oy4skznggaexs 7256329 7256328 2026-07-20T09:20:55Z Rooth N 2608660 7256329 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wp/nyn]] '''Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola] 2021, p.&#x20;34.</ref>''', a'''kazaarwa 13 Okwamushanju 1934) n'omuhandiiki Omunigeria, w'emizaano, kandi omuhandiiki w'ebitabo. Akahandiika ebitabo bishatu, by'ebitabo by'emigane mikye eikumi, ebitabo mushanju by'ebyevugo, ebitabo by'emizaano abiri na bitaano, hamwe n'ebitabo bitaano by'ebirikumukwataho.<ref name=":2">Gibbs, James (1986). ''Wole Soyinka''. Basingstoke: [[:en:Macmillan_Publishers|Macmillan]]. p.&#x20;3. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780333305287|9780333305287]]</bdi>.</ref> Ahandiikire ebitabo bibiri ebivunwirwe hamwe n'ebicweka bingi hamwe n'ebitebyo bikye bikye by'okuhandiikisa empapura z'amakuru hamwe n'ebitabo by'obwire bukye. Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel eky'omwaka 1986 omu by'obuhangwa ahabw'okugira ngu akaba naashwijuma "ebintu bingi ebirikukwata aha buhangwa hamwe n'orurimi rw'okwevuga ahabirikukwata aha kubaho kw'abantu".<ref>Abdullahi, Idowu (11 October 2024). "[https://punchng.com/nobel-laureate-award-exposed-me-to-danger-wole-soyinka/ Nobel Laureate award exposed me to danger]". ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Akazaarwa omu ka y'Abakurisitaayo Abayoruba omuri Aké, Abeokuta.<ref>"[https://dawncommission.org/professor-wole-soyinka/ Professor Wole Soyinka – DAWN Commission]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref><ref name=":0">"[https://wolesoyinkalecture.org/about-wole-soyinka-2/ About Wole Soyinka]". ''Wole Soyinka Lecture Series''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Soyinka akatunga obwegyese obw'okumutebeekanisa aha Government College, Ibadan kandi yaagyenda aha University College Ibadan. Omu bwire bw'obwegyese bwe, akatandikaho ekibiina kya Pyrate Confraternity.<ref name=":0" /> Soyinka akaruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza kwega aha Yunivasite ya Leeds. Omu bwire obwo, niwe yaabaire ari omuhandiiki w'akatabo ka yunivasite, The Eagle, atakabaire muhandiiki ow'obutwire omu myaka ya 1950.<ref>"[https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/wole-soyinka/ Wole Soyinka – Narrative Landscape Press]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Bungyereza, akatandika kuhandiika ebitebyo bigufu n'okukora ebihandiiko aha BBC Lecture series. Akahandiika emizaano mingi eyazaanairwe aha reediyo hamwe n'omu myanya y'emizaano omuri Nigeria hamwe na Bungyereza, okukira munonga Royal Court Theatre.<ref>"[https://livingarchive.royalcourttheatre.com/black-plays-1960s/ Black Plays 1960s]". ''Royal Court - Living Archive''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Ebitabo bya Soyinka bingi hamwe n'emizaano ye, nibiteebwaho omuri Nigeria, ekirikworeka ebyafaayo by'eihanga eryo, eby'obuhangwa, hamwe n'oburemeezi bw'eby'obutegyeki. Oyihireho emirimo egi, akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi ebirikujumiirira emitwarize mibi y'abantu omungyeri erikushetsya. Ebihandiiko ebi bikajanjaara omu bantu baingi kandi byakundwa munonga. Atungire obusinguzi n'emizaano ye, otwariiremu The Swamp Dwellers (1958), The Lion and the Jewel (1959), na The Invention (1957), omuzaano gumwe ahayabandize, ogwakoriirwe aha Royal Court Theatre. Soyinka ahandiikire ebitabo bingi, otwariiremu The Interpreters (1965), Season of Anomy (1973), Death and the King's Horseman, Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth (2021), na Harmattan Haze on an African Spring (2012). Omu Kwamushanju 2024, Bola Tinubu akahindura eiziina ry'ekishengye ky'emizaano ekya National Arts Theatre ahanyima ya Soyinka aha mazaarwa ge ag'emyaka 90. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Soyinka akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju 1934 omuri Ake, Abeokuta, Nigeria omu ka y'Abakristaayo ey'obuzaare bw'Abayoruba. Akaba ari owa kabiri omu baana mushanju[a] ba Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, omuheereza w'Abakuristayo kandi mukuru w'eishomero kuruga omu ruganda rw'obugabe orwa Isara-Remo[<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1988 Gibbs 1988], pp.&#x20;526.</ref> hamwe na Grace Soyinka (née Jenkins-Harrison), omushubuuzi kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe kuruga omu ruganda rwa Ransome-Kuti.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFMaduakor1986 Maduakor 1986], pp.&#x20;227.</ref> Nyina Grace hamwe n'ab'eka ye, aba Ransome-Kutis, bakaba bari ab'eka y'amaani omuri Nigeria<ref>Staff writer (9 May 2014). "[https://businessday.ng/family-and-relationships/article/great-dynasties-the-ransome-kutis/ Great Dynasties:The Ransome-Kutis]". ''[[:en:BusinessDay_(Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> abarikugambwaho nk'ekigarukwamu kya Nigeria aha ka ya Kennedy omuri United States. Owaabatandikireho, omusesorodooti w'Abakuristaayo J. J. Ransome-Kuti, akaba ari omuntu w'okubanza omu ihanga rye omu by'okushohoza ebyeshongoro omu myaka ya 1920.<ref>Sansom, Ian. "[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/11/fela-kuti-great-dynasties-ian-sansom Great Dynasties: The Ransome-Kutis]". ''theguardian.com''. Retrieved 17 January 2026.</ref> Kuruga 1940 kuhistya 1946, Soyinka akaba naashoma aha St. Peters Primary School, ahu ishe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eishomero.<ref>"[https://guardian.ng/art/genius-of-the-unconventional-and-the-patterning-of-dualities-wole-soyinkas-early-childhood-part-3/ Genius of the unconventional and the patterning of dualities: Wole Soyinka's early childhood]". ''T[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|he Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akashomera siniya ye Abeokuta Grammar School kandi okushoma kwe okw'okweteekateekyera Yunivasite aha Government College, Ibadan kuruga 1946 kuhisya 1951.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/soyinka-wole-1934/ Wole Soyinka (1934- )]". ''[[:en:BlackPast.org|BlackPast.org]]''. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akaheebwa omwanya omu University College Ibadan, ahu yaashomire ebyahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza, Orugriika, hamwe n'ebyafaayo by'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kuruga 1952 kuhisya 1954.<ref name=":1">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola 2021], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Omu myaka ye y'ahamuheru omu yunivasite, akahandiika omuzaano mugufu aha reediyo, Keffi's Birthday Treat, ogwashohwire omu Kwamushanju 1954 kuruga omu kitongore kya Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1980 Gibbs 1980], p.&#x20;21.</ref> Hamwe n'abeegi bagyenzi be otwariiremu Olumuyiwa Awẹ, Ralph Opara, Aig-Imoukhuede, na Pius Olegbe, akatandikaho ekibiina ekirikwetwa National Association of Seadogs, ekibiina ky'okubanza omuri Nigeria.<ref name=":1" /> Soyinka akafuruka kuruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza omuri 1954 kugumizamu n'emishomo ye omu byahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza aha Yunivasite ya Leeds arikureebererwa G. Wilson Knight.<ref>''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFEncyclopedia_Britannica2024 Encyclopedia Britannica]'' 2024.</ref> Okusharamu kw'okushoma aheeru y'eihanga omu bwire obwo obu okushoma diguri ya kabiri kyabaire kitarikubaho omuri Ibadan kikaba kiri kurabira omuri Joyce M. Green, omukazi Omungyereza owaizire omu University College, Ibadan kuruga Cambridge omuri 1950, kandi owaabaire ari omwe aha beegyesa ba Soyinka kandi owaabaire amuhaire ekihandiiko kirungi eky'okumugambaho omuri Leeds.<ref>Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi (28 July 2019). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/soyinkas-early-romance-with-england-1954-1959-a-cold-chapter-for-an-anti-form-rebel-part-1/ Soyinka's early romance with England 1954-1959: A cold chapter for an anti-form rebel]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 8 January 2026.</ref> Aha yunivasite ya Leeds, akaheereza nk'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka yunivasite akarikushetsya, The Eagle, omuri ako yaahandiika ekicweka aha magara g'eby'okushoma. Omu Kwamunaana 1955, akatandika kukwata ebyeshongoro aha BBC Lecture kandi yaahandiika ebitebyo bigufu nyingi. Omuri 1957, akasingura empaka z'okugamba ezirikubaho buri mwaka ezirikuteebwaho Yunivasite.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFLindfors1974 Lindfors 1974], pp.&#x20;471–486.</ref> == Emirimo == === 1957–1967: Omurimo gwe gw'okubanza === Soyinka akaguma omuri Leeds bwanyima y'okutunga diguri ye eya BA honours omu Rungyereza omuri 1957.<ref name=":2" /> Omu 1957, akatandika kuhandiika emizaano ye ey'okubanza, ''Swamp Dwellers'' na ''The Lion and the Jewel''. Soyinka akaza London kandi yaakora nk'omushomi w'emizaano aha Royal Court Theatre. Akebembera ekibiina kya Nigerian Drama Group ekyakozire The Swamp Dwellers omuri 1958. Omu bwire obwo, emizaano ye ebiri ekazaanwa omuri Ibadan, Nigeria. Omuri 1957, omuzaano gwe, The Invention, gukashohozibwa aha Royal Court Theatre omuri London, kandi gukaba guri omurimo gwe gw'okubanza aha.<ref>"Wole Soyinka". ''African Biography''. Detroit, MI: Gale (published 2 December 2006). 1999. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-2823-9|978-0-7876-2823-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akahandiika ebyevugo, otwariiremu "''The Immigrant''" hamwe na "''My Next Door Neighbour''", ebyareebekire omuri Black Orpheus. Omuri 1959, Soyinka akagaruka Nigeria bwanyima y'okutunga obuhwezi bwa Rockefeller Research Fellowship ahabw'okucondooza kwe aha by'emizaano ya Afirika. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe omwaka nigwo gumwe, akaza omu mwanya gwa Janheinz Jahn nk'omwe ahabahandiiki babiri bakuru ba Black Orpheus.<ref>Jacobs, Alan. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/trials-brother-jero The Trials Of Brother Jero]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu 1960, akamara omuzaano gwe ogwa reediyo Camwood on the Leaves, kandi n'omuzaano gwe ''The Trials of Brother Jero'' gukatongozibwa omu Mellanby Hall residence of University College Ibadan omu Kwakana 1960. Akakora ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Mask omu myaka ya 1960. Omuzaano gwe ogwa A Dance of The Forest, gukatongozibwa nk'omuzaano gw'eizooba ry'okwetegyeka kwa Nigeria, kandi ebiro 1 Okwaikumi 1960, gukatongozibwa omuri Lagos.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[[:en:BlackPast.org|Wole Soyinka (1934- )". ''BlackPast.org'']]. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Omuzaano gwa Soyinka ogw'okubanza ogurikwetwa My Father's Burden, gukaba nigwebemberwa Olusegun Olusola kandi gukaba nigworekwa aha Western Nigeria Television ebiro 6 Okwamunaana 1960.<ref>Uzoatu, Uzor Maxim (5 October 2013). "[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/146108-essential-soyinka-timeline-uzor-maxim-uzoatu.html The Essential Soyinka Timeline]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref> Omu 1962, Soyinka akahandiika ebihandiiko birikurwanirira okushoma n'okuhandiika omuri Nigeria omu bwire obwo otwariiremu "Death of the King's Horsemen" hamwe na "Towards a True Theater", ebyashohoziibwe omu Transition Magazine.<ref>Amayi, Zakayo (22 June 2013). "[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/standard-entertainment/article/2000086475/soyinkas-grumpy-battles-to-defend-literary-legacy Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's grumpy battles to defend literary legacy]". Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa aha Obafemi Awolowo University omuri Ifẹ. Omu 1963, firimu ye y'okubanza, Culture in Transition, ekashohozibwa. Soyinka akarekura omurimo gwe aha Yunivasite omuri 1964, nk'okwesharinga ahabw'emitwarize y'okushagika gavumenti eyateirweho ab'obushoborozi. Akagira ngu ab'obushoborozi omu yunivasite bakakwatanisa eitendekyero n'obutegyeki bwa Samuel Ladoke Akintola obwabaire butarikukundwa. Omu bwire obwo, akakora The Lion and the Jewel<ref>"[https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/critical-responses-to-african-theatre-wole-soyinkas-the-lion-and-the-jewel-by-professor-martin-banham/ Critical Responses to African Theatre: Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel by Professor Martin Banham | Black Plays Archive]". ''www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> omu siizoni y'emizaano omu Rungyereza na Yoruba hamwe n'okutandikaho The Orisun Theatre Company, guruupu ya theatre. Omu 1965, akakora omuzaano gwa gurikujumirira emitwarize mibi omungyeru erikushestya, ''Before the Blackout''.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/african-theatre-soyinka/ Review of African Theatre Soyinka: Blackout, Blowout and Beyond | Centre for African Studies (LUCAS)]". ''lucas.leeds.ac.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuzano gwe, Kongi's Harvest, gukatandika omu Kwamunaana omuri Lagos. Ebiro 14 September 1965, omuzaano gwe The Road gukatandika kworekwa omuri London aha Commonwealth Arts Festival hamwe na Theatre Royal Stratford East. Soyinka akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa mukuru aha Yunivasite ya Lagos. Juba, ekitabo kye ekisya The Interpreters kikashohozibwa André Deutsch omuri London. Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akakomwa omurundi gw'okubanza, yaajunaanwa okukwata reediyo aha mbundu akahindura akatambi k'ebigambo by'enganzi y'ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba n'akatambi akarikujunaana okwiba akaruuru. Akarekurwa bwanyima y'ameezi agamwe g'okukomwa ahabw'okwesharinga kw'abantu b'ensi yoona abahandiiki. Akahandiika n'ekitabo The Detainee, omuzaano gwa reediyo ogwashohozibwe BBC omuri London.<ref>Ezugwu, Obinna (19 July 2021). "[https://hallmarknews.com/salute-to-kongi-at-87/ Salute To Kongi At 87]". ''hallmarknews.com''. Retrieved 13 August 2022.</ref> === 1966–1968: Orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria === Bwanyima y'okuba Mukuru w'ekibiina ky'emizaano aha Yunivasite ya Ibadan, Soyinka akatandika kwejumba omu by'obutegyeki. Bwanyima y'amahe okuhamba obutegyeki omu kwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1966, akabugana omu kihama Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, gavana w'amahe ow'amashuuma g'oburugwa izooba bwa Nigeria omu kugyezaho okuzibira orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria.<ref>"[https://howng.com/professor-wole-soyinka-full-biographylife-and-news/ Professor Wole Soyinka Full Biography, Life And News]". ''howng.com''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Akaza n'omuri Ẹnugu, ahu yabugaine mugyenzi we Omuyoruba, Victor Banjọ, orikukora na gavumenti ya Biafra. Soyinka, owaashabire obushagiki bw'abeebembezi b'amahe omu kicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, akahitsya obutumwa bwa Banjo ahari Lieutenant Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo, owaabaire atoorainwe nk'omuduumizi w'amahe g'omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba. Omumwebazyo gw'akana, Soyinka agarukire omu mahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, amahe ga Biafra gakatahirira ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Bwanyima y'okutwara oburengyerwa-izooba, Soyinka akabugana Obasanjo kumugambira ekigyendererwa ky'Ababiafra ahabwokuba Obasanjo akaba yaacwiremu kwegaita aha gavumenti ya Nigeria. Kwonka okutahirira kwa Biafra ahagati yóburegyerwa eizooba kikarugamu okuhoorera okwakozirwe amahe ga gavumenti eya federo, kandi orutaro rw'omunda rukatandika. Obasanjo akashoboorora gavumenti ya Nigeria orukiiko rwe na Soyinka, yarangirira Soyinka nk'omuheekyera, n'ahabw'ekyo akakwatwa ab'obushoborozi bwa federo kandi yaakomwa kumara emyezi 22.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/07/27/wole.soyinka/index.html Wole Soyinka: Nigeria's Nobel Laureate]". ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. 1 August 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2026.</ref> Akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi n'byevugo arikujuumirira gavumenti ya Nigeria obu yaabaire ari omu kihome.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (2006), ''You Must Set Forth at Dawn'', p. 6.</ref> Omu kutandika kwa 1967, ebihandiiko bye Kongi’s Harvest na Idanre and Other Poems bikashohozibwa.<ref>"[https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/engp06/chapter/wole-soyinka-kongis-harvest/ Wole Soyinka, Kongi's Harvest – African & Caribbean Writing in English]". ''ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Ari na Tom Stoppard, akatunga ekirabo kya John Whiting omuri London. Akatooranwa kuba mukuru w'eishomero rya Drama, Yunivasite ya Ibadan kwonka akaremwa kutwara entebe egyo ahabw'okubohwa omu kwezi kwa munaana. N'obu araabe yaabaire ari omu kihome, omuzaano gwe ogurikwetwa The Lion and The Jewel gukagumizamu gwashohozibwa omuri Accra, Ghana omu Kwamwenda 1967. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Strong Breed bikashohozibwa aba Off-Broadway omu Greenwich Mews Theatre omuri New York City. Omuri 1968, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Jock Campbell-New Statesman Award. Ekibiina kya Negro Ensemble Company kikashohoza Kongi's Harvest aha St. Mark's Theatre, New York.<ref>"[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,838330,00.html Theater: Kongi's Harvest]". ''Time''. 26 April 1968. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X 0040-781X]. Retrieved 7 May 2022.</ref> Akavunuura D. O. Fagunwa's Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irunmale kuruga omu rurimi rwa Yoruba kuza omu Rungyereza. Kikashohozibwa nka The Forest of a Thousand Demons: A Hunter's Saga. === Okurekurwa n'okushohoza ebitabo. === Omu Okwaikumi 1969, emyezi mikye erikuburayo orutaro rw'omunda rukahwa, okusaasira kukarangirirwa, Soyinka hamwe n'abandi basibe b'eby'obutegyeki barekurwa.<ref>PEN America (16 April 2012). "[https://pen.org/case-histories-wole-soyinka/ Case Histories: Wole Soyinka]". ''PEN America''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omu myezi mikye y'okubanza bwanyima y'okurekurwa kwe, Soyinka akaguma aha faamu ya munywani we omu mashuuma ga Bufaransa, ahu yaasherwire kuhuumuraho wenka. Akahandiika The Bacchae of Euripides (1969), ekihandiiko kihindwiremu kushushana enfumu ya Pentheus.<ref name=":3">Killam and Rowe (eds), ''The Companion to African Literature'' (2000), p. 276.</ref> Kandi akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebyevugo omuri London, kikwetwa Poems from Prison. Aha muheru gw'omwaka, akagaruka omu ofiisi ye nk'orikukurira eby'emizaano omuri Ibadan.<ref name=":5">"[https://dailytrust.com/things-to-know-about-prof-wole-soyinka-at-89/ Things To Know About Prof Wole Soyinka At 89]". ''[[:en:Daily_Trust|Daily Trust]]''. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omu 1970, akashohoza omuzaano Kongi's Harvest, kandi omu bwire bumwe akaguhindura nk'omuzaano gwa firimu gw'eiziina niryo rimwe, Kongi's Harvest. Omu Kwamukaaga 1970, akamara omuzaano ogundi, ogurikwetwa Madmen and Specialists.<ref>Ajeluorou, Anote (25 July 2015). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/periscoping-a-senseless-war-in-madmen-and-specialists/ Periscoping A Senseless War In Madmen And Specialists]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</ref> Arikukoragana n'ekibiina ky'abazaani 15 ba Ibadan University Theatre Art Company, akagyenda United States, kureeba Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center omuri Waterford, Connecticut, ahu omuzaano gwe oguyabaire ahererukurieyo kuhandiika gwayorekirwe omurundi gwokubanza.[citation needed] Omu 1971, ekitabo kye ky'ebyevugo ekya A Shuttle in the Crypt kikashohozibwa. Madmen and Specialists kikashohozibwa omuri Ibadan omwaka ogwo.<ref>Lee, Christopher J. (25 March 2020). "[http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/reading-wole-soyinka-s-madmen-and-specialists-time-pandemic Reading Wole Soyinka's 'Madmen and Specialists' in a Time of Pandemic]". ''Warscapes''.</ref> Omu Kwakana 1971, ahabw'okwerarikirira aha mbeera y'eby'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria, Soyinka akarekura emirimo ye aha Yunivasite omuri Ibadan, kandi yaatandika emyaka mingi ayetwaire omubuzaahe. kuza omu buzaahe.<ref name=":6">Adegbamigbe, Ademola (13 July 2019). "[https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/07/13/soyinka-at-85-why-i-detained-him-for-2-years-during-civil-war-yakubu-gowon/ Soyinka at 85: 'Why I Detained Him for 2 Years During the Civil War' - Yakubu Gowon]". ''The NEWS''. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</ref> Soyinka akagyenda omuri Paris, Bufaransa, kutwara omurimo gw'okuzaana nka Patrice Lumumba, mukuru w'eihanga w'okubanza rya Repubulika ya Kongo owaisirwe, omu muzaano ogwashohozibwe Joan Littlewood omu kwakataano 1971 ogurikwetwa Murderous Angels, omuzaano gwa Conor Cruise O'Brien ogwabaire nigukwata aha buremeezi bwa Kongo.<ref name=":4">Gibbs, James. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/soyinka-wole-13-july-1934 Soyinka, Wole 1934–]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 September 2021. (Updated by [[:en:Tanure_Ojaide|Tanure Ojaide]].)</ref><ref>[[:en:Biodun_Jeyifo|Jeyifo, Biodun]] (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nwhlgrVqvYkC&q=%22Murderous+Angels%22%3D&pg=PR27 Chronology]". ''Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, and Postcolonialism''. Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;xxvii. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139439084|9781139439084]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri Paris, ebicweka kuruga omu muzaano gwa Soyinka ogurikumanywa munonga The Dance of The Forests bikazaanwa.<ref>Adenekan, Sulaiman (2016). "[https://www.tradenewswire.net/the-pride-of-africa-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-clocks-85-years-serving-humanity-poetically/ The Pride of Africa: Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka clocks 85 years serving humanity poeticall]y". ''Trade Newswire''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Omu 1972, ekitabo kye Season of Anomy hamwe na Collected Plays byona bikashohozibwa Oxford University Press. Ekihandiiko kye ky'ebirikumukwataho ekya The Man Died, ekirikurundaana ebi yaahandiikire omu kihome, nakyo kikashohozibwa omwaka ogwo.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/biographical/ Wole Soyinka | Biographical]", The Nobel Prize, 1986.</ref> Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Honoris Causa doctorate kuruga omu Yunivasite ya Leeds omuri 1973.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/honorary-degree/ Honorary Degree]", Leeds ''African Studies Bulletin'' 19 (November 1973), pp. 1–2. [Professor Soyinka receiving the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from the Chancellor, HRH the Duchess of Kent, on Thursday 17 May 1973 – image from 'Nobel Prize for Leeds Graduate', ''The Reporter'' (the University of Leeds), 258, 24 October 1986.]</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, National Theatre, London, ekashaba kandi yaatongoza omuzaano The Bacchae of Euripides,<ref name=":3" /> kandi emizaano ye Camwood on the Leaves na Jero's Metamorphosis nayo ekaba eri ey'okubanza kushohozibwa. Akamara omwaka gumwe nk'omugyenyi aha Churchill College, Cambridge<ref>Gumbel, Andrew (3 November 2005). "[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/03/theatre3 Wole Soyinka on how he came to write Death and the King's Horseman]". ''The Guardian''.</ref> (1973–74)<ref name=":4" /> kandi yaahandiika Death and the King's Horseman, ekyashomirwe omurundi gw'okubanza aha Churchill College.<ref name=":5" /> Omu 1974, Oxford University Press ekashohoza Soyinka's Collected Plays, Volume II. Akateeraho hamwe ekitabo kya 1975 Poems of Black Africa, ekyashohoziibwe nka kimwe ahakicweka kya Heinemann African Writers Series.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JtqywAEACAAJ Poems of Black Africa]'', Heinemann African Writers Series, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]. <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780435901714|9780435901714]]</bdi>.</ref> Kandi omuri 1975, Soyinka akakuzibwa yaaza aha ntebe y'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka Transition Magazine, akaabaire nikashangwa omu kibuga ekikuru ekya Ghana ekya Accra, ahu yaafurukiire.<ref name=":6" /> Akakoresa ebihandiiko bye omu magaziini kujumirira abo abarikusaasibwa munonga abairaguju (nk'eky'okureeberaho, ekicweka kye "Neo-Tarzanism: Eby'obutegyeki obwa Pseudo-Transition) hamwe n'obutegyeki bw'amahe. Akeesharinga ahabw'obutegyeki bw'amahe obwa Idi Amin omu Uganda. Bwanyima y'empindahinduka omu by'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria hamwe n'okuhenda gavumenti y'amahe eya Gowon omuri 1975, Soyinka akagaruka omu ihanga rye kandi yaagaruka omu mwanya gwe nka mukuru w'okugyeragyeranisa ebyahandiikirwe. omu Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref name=":6" /> === Okushomesa === Kuruga 1975 kuhisya 1999, Soyinka akaheereza nka Purofeesa w'ebitabo ebirikugyeragyeranisibwa aha Obafemi Awolowo University.<ref>Odinaka (31 July 2018). "[https://www.tori.ng/news/102835/the-house-prof-soyinka-lived-in-during-oau-days-tu.html The House Prof. Soyinka Lived In During OAU Days, Turned Into A Campus Museum (Photos)]". ''Tori.ng''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Amerika, akeegyesa aha Cornell University nk'omuhangu wa Goldwin Smith omu kwega aha Afirika hamwe n'eby'emizaano kuruga 1988 kuhisya 1991. Aha Yunivasite ya Emory, akatooranwa nka Robert W. Woodruff Purofeesa w'eby'emikono omuri 1996 kandi atwire ari Purofeesa w'okuhandiika omu Yunivasite ya Nevada, Las Vegas. Soyinka akaheereza scholar-in-residence omu Institute of African American Affairs eya New York University hamwe na Loyola Marymount University omuri Los Angeles, California. Akegyesa n'aha Yunivasite za Cambridge, Oxford, Harvard na Yale. Akaba ari omwegi w'amaani omu kutuura aha Yunivasite ya Duke omuri 2008.<ref>"[https://alumni.duke.edu/magazine/articles/soyinka-stage Soyinka on Stage | Nobel laureate works with student production of his play]". ''Duke Magazine''. No.&#x20;January–February 2011. 31 January 2011. Retrieved 18 April 2021.</ref> Omu Kwaikumi na kubiri 2017, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Europe Theatre Prize omu kicweka kya "Special Prize" category,<ref>Ajibade, Kunle (12 December 2017). "[https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2017/12/12/wole-soyinka-wins-europe-theatre-prize/ Wole Soyinka Wins The Europe Theatre Prize]". ''[[:en:P.M._News|P.M. News]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref><ref>"[https://www.concisenews.global/news/soyinka-wins-2017-the-europe-theatre-prize/ Soyinka Wins 2017 Europe Theatre Prize]". ''Concise News''. 15 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> ekyahairwe omuntu owaabaire "aine ekyayongyeireho omu kuhikiiriza emikoro y'eby'obuhangwa erikureetaho okwetegyereza n'okubagana amagyezi ahagati y'abantu".<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20171225034855/http://www.jamesmurua.com/wole-soyinka-to-receive-europe-theatre-prize-2017/ Wole Soyinka to receive Europe Theatre Prize 2017]". ''James Murua's Literature Blog''. 14 December 2017. Archived from the original on 25 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> Ebiro 1 September 2022, Soyinka akatwara entebe y'okuba Purofeesa w'eby'emizaano aha New York University Abu Dhabi.<ref>"[https://www.wam.ae/en/article/hszrfcet-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-joins-nyu-abu-dhabi Nobel laureate Wole Soyinka joins NYU Abu Dhabi faculty]". Emirates News Agency-WAM. 23 August 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref><ref>"[https://nyuad.nyu.edu/en/academics/divisions/arts-and-humanities/faculty/wole-soyinka.html Wole Soyinka | Arts Professor of Theater]". ''nyuad.nyu.edu''. New York University Abu Dhabi. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref> == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == 8hmdl5z2idq7q1r6qhxz20w50cyr00i 7256330 7256329 2026-07-20T09:22:06Z Rooth N 2608660 7256330 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wp/nyn]] '''Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola] 2021, p.&#x20;34.</ref>''', a'''kazaarwa 13 Okwamushanju 1934) n'omuhandiiki Omunigeria, w'emizaano, kandi omuhandiiki w'ebitabo. Akahandiika ebitabo bishatu, by'ebitabo by'emigane mikye eikumi, ebitabo mushanju by'ebyevugo, ebitabo by'emizaano abiri na bitaano, hamwe n'ebitabo bitaano by'ebirikumukwataho.<ref name=":2">Gibbs, James (1986). ''Wole Soyinka''. Basingstoke: [[:en:Macmillan_Publishers|Macmillan]]. p.&#x20;3. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780333305287|9780333305287]]</bdi>.</ref> Ahandiikire ebitabo bibiri ebivunwirwe hamwe n'ebicweka bingi hamwe n'ebitebyo bikye bikye by'okuhandiikisa empapura z'amakuru hamwe n'ebitabo by'obwire bukye. Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel eky'omwaka 1986 omu by'obuhangwa ahabw'okugira ngu akaba naashwijuma "ebintu bingi ebirikukwata aha buhangwa hamwe n'orurimi rw'okwevuga ahabirikukwata aha kubaho kw'abantu".<ref>Abdullahi, Idowu (11 October 2024). "[https://punchng.com/nobel-laureate-award-exposed-me-to-danger-wole-soyinka/ Nobel Laureate award exposed me to danger]". ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Akazaarwa omu ka y'Abakurisitaayo Abayoruba omuri Aké, Abeokuta.<ref>"[https://dawncommission.org/professor-wole-soyinka/ Professor Wole Soyinka – DAWN Commission]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref><ref name=":0">"[https://wolesoyinkalecture.org/about-wole-soyinka-2/ About Wole Soyinka]". ''Wole Soyinka Lecture Series''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Soyinka akatunga obwegyese obw'okumutebeekanisa aha Government College, Ibadan kandi yaagyenda aha University College Ibadan. Omu bwire bw'obwegyese bwe, akatandikaho ekibiina kya Pyrate Confraternity.<ref name=":0" /> Soyinka akaruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza kwega aha Yunivasite ya Leeds. Omu bwire obwo, niwe yaabaire ari omuhandiiki w'akatabo ka yunivasite, The Eagle, atakabaire muhandiiki ow'obutwire omu myaka ya 1950.<ref>"[https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/wole-soyinka/ Wole Soyinka – Narrative Landscape Press]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Bungyereza, akatandika kuhandiika ebitebyo bigufu n'okukora ebihandiiko aha BBC Lecture series. Akahandiika emizaano mingi eyazaanairwe aha reediyo hamwe n'omu myanya y'emizaano omuri Nigeria hamwe na Bungyereza, okukira munonga Royal Court Theatre.<ref>"[https://livingarchive.royalcourttheatre.com/black-plays-1960s/ Black Plays 1960s]". ''Royal Court - Living Archive''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Ebitabo bya Soyinka bingi hamwe n'emizaano ye, nibiteebwaho omuri Nigeria, ekirikworeka ebyafaayo by'eihanga eryo, eby'obuhangwa, hamwe n'oburemeezi bw'eby'obutegyeki. Oyihireho emirimo egi, akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi ebirikujumiirira emitwarize mibi y'abantu omungyeri erikushetsya. Ebihandiiko ebi bikajanjaara omu bantu baingi kandi byakundwa munonga. Atungire obusinguzi n'emizaano ye, otwariiremu The Swamp Dwellers (1958), The Lion and the Jewel (1959), na The Invention (1957), omuzaano gumwe ahayabandize, ogwakoriirwe aha Royal Court Theatre. Soyinka ahandiikire ebitabo bingi, otwariiremu The Interpreters (1965), Season of Anomy (1973), Death and the King's Horseman, Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth (2021), na Harmattan Haze on an African Spring (2012). Omu Kwamushanju 2024, Bola Tinubu akahindura eiziina ry'ekishengye ky'emizaano ekya National Arts Theatre ahanyima ya Soyinka aha mazaarwa ge ag'emyaka 90. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Soyinka akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju 1934 omuri Ake, Abeokuta, Nigeria omu ka y'Abakristaayo ey'obuzaare bw'Abayoruba. Akaba ari owa kabiri omu baana mushanju[a] ba Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, omuheereza w'Abakuristayo kandi mukuru w'eishomero kuruga omu ruganda rw'obugabe orwa Isara-Remo[<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1988 Gibbs 1988], pp.&#x20;526.</ref> hamwe na Grace Soyinka (née Jenkins-Harrison), omushubuuzi kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe kuruga omu ruganda rwa Ransome-Kuti.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFMaduakor1986 Maduakor 1986], pp.&#x20;227.</ref> Nyina Grace hamwe n'ab'eka ye, aba Ransome-Kutis, bakaba bari ab'eka y'amaani omuri Nigeria<ref>Staff writer (9 May 2014). "[https://businessday.ng/family-and-relationships/article/great-dynasties-the-ransome-kutis/ Great Dynasties:The Ransome-Kutis]". ''[[:en:BusinessDay_(Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> abarikugambwaho nk'ekigarukwamu kya Nigeria aha ka ya Kennedy omuri United States. Owaabatandikireho, omusesorodooti w'Abakuristaayo J. J. Ransome-Kuti, akaba ari omuntu w'okubanza omu ihanga rye omu by'okushohoza ebyeshongoro omu myaka ya 1920.<ref>Sansom, Ian. "[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/11/fela-kuti-great-dynasties-ian-sansom Great Dynasties: The Ransome-Kutis]". ''theguardian.com''. Retrieved 17 January 2026.</ref> Kuruga 1940 kuhistya 1946, Soyinka akaba naashoma aha St. Peters Primary School, ahu ishe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eishomero.<ref>"[https://guardian.ng/art/genius-of-the-unconventional-and-the-patterning-of-dualities-wole-soyinkas-early-childhood-part-3/ Genius of the unconventional and the patterning of dualities: Wole Soyinka's early childhood]". ''T[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|he Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akashomera siniya ye Abeokuta Grammar School kandi okushoma kwe okw'okweteekateekyera Yunivasite aha Government College, Ibadan kuruga 1946 kuhisya 1951.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/soyinka-wole-1934/ Wole Soyinka (1934- )]". ''[[:en:BlackPast.org|BlackPast.org]]''. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akaheebwa omwanya omu University College Ibadan, ahu yaashomire ebyahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza, Orugriika, hamwe n'ebyafaayo by'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kuruga 1952 kuhisya 1954.<ref name=":1">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola 2021], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Omu myaka ye y'ahamuheru omu yunivasite, akahandiika omuzaano mugufu aha reediyo, Keffi's Birthday Treat, ogwashohwire omu Kwamushanju 1954 kuruga omu kitongore kya Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1980 Gibbs 1980], p.&#x20;21.</ref> Hamwe n'abeegi bagyenzi be otwariiremu Olumuyiwa Awẹ, Ralph Opara, Aig-Imoukhuede, na Pius Olegbe, akatandikaho ekibiina ekirikwetwa National Association of Seadogs, ekibiina ky'okubanza omuri Nigeria.<ref name=":1" /> Soyinka akafuruka kuruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza omuri 1954 kugumizamu n'emishomo ye omu byahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza aha Yunivasite ya Leeds arikureebererwa G. Wilson Knight.<ref>''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFEncyclopedia_Britannica2024 Encyclopedia Britannica]'' 2024.</ref> Okusharamu kw'okushoma aheeru y'eihanga omu bwire obwo obu okushoma diguri ya kabiri kyabaire kitarikubaho omuri Ibadan kikaba kiri kurabira omuri Joyce M. Green, omukazi Omungyereza owaizire omu University College, Ibadan kuruga Cambridge omuri 1950, kandi owaabaire ari omwe aha beegyesa ba Soyinka kandi owaabaire amuhaire ekihandiiko kirungi eky'okumugambaho omuri Leeds.<ref>Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi (28 July 2019). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/soyinkas-early-romance-with-england-1954-1959-a-cold-chapter-for-an-anti-form-rebel-part-1/ Soyinka's early romance with England 1954-1959: A cold chapter for an anti-form rebel]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 8 January 2026.</ref> Aha yunivasite ya Leeds, akaheereza nk'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka yunivasite akarikushetsya, The Eagle, omuri ako yaahandiika ekicweka aha magara g'eby'okushoma. Omu Kwamunaana 1955, akatandika kukwata ebyeshongoro aha BBC Lecture kandi yaahandiika ebitebyo bigufu nyingi. Omuri 1957, akasingura empaka z'okugamba ezirikubaho buri mwaka ezirikuteebwaho Yunivasite.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFLindfors1974 Lindfors 1974], pp.&#x20;471–486.</ref> == Emirimo == === 1957–1967: Omurimo gwe gw'okubanza === Soyinka akaguma omuri Leeds bwanyima y'okutunga diguri ye eya BA honours omu Rungyereza omuri 1957.<ref name=":2" /> Omu 1957, akatandika kuhandiika emizaano ye ey'okubanza, ''Swamp Dwellers'' na ''The Lion and the Jewel''. Soyinka akaza London kandi yaakora nk'omushomi w'emizaano aha Royal Court Theatre. Akebembera ekibiina kya Nigerian Drama Group ekyakozire The Swamp Dwellers omuri 1958. Omu bwire obwo, emizaano ye ebiri ekazaanwa omuri Ibadan, Nigeria. Omuri 1957, omuzaano gwe, The Invention, gukashohozibwa aha Royal Court Theatre omuri London, kandi gukaba guri omurimo gwe gw'okubanza aha.<ref>"Wole Soyinka". ''African Biography''. Detroit, MI: Gale (published 2 December 2006). 1999. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-2823-9|978-0-7876-2823-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akahandiika ebyevugo, otwariiremu "''The Immigrant''" hamwe na "''My Next Door Neighbour''", ebyareebekire omuri Black Orpheus. Omuri 1959, Soyinka akagaruka Nigeria bwanyima y'okutunga obuhwezi bwa Rockefeller Research Fellowship ahabw'okucondooza kwe aha by'emizaano ya Afirika. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe omwaka nigwo gumwe, akaza omu mwanya gwa Janheinz Jahn nk'omwe ahabahandiiki babiri bakuru ba Black Orpheus.<ref>Jacobs, Alan. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/trials-brother-jero The Trials Of Brother Jero]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu 1960, akamara omuzaano gwe ogwa reediyo Camwood on the Leaves, kandi n'omuzaano gwe ''The Trials of Brother Jero'' gukatongozibwa omu Mellanby Hall residence of University College Ibadan omu Kwakana 1960. Akakora ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Mask omu myaka ya 1960. Omuzaano gwe ogwa A Dance of The Forest, gukatongozibwa nk'omuzaano gw'eizooba ry'okwetegyeka kwa Nigeria, kandi ebiro 1 Okwaikumi 1960, gukatongozibwa omuri Lagos.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[[:en:BlackPast.org|Wole Soyinka (1934- )". ''BlackPast.org'']]. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Omuzaano gwa Soyinka ogw'okubanza ogurikwetwa My Father's Burden, gukaba nigwebemberwa Olusegun Olusola kandi gukaba nigworekwa aha Western Nigeria Television ebiro 6 Okwamunaana 1960.<ref>Uzoatu, Uzor Maxim (5 October 2013). "[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/146108-essential-soyinka-timeline-uzor-maxim-uzoatu.html The Essential Soyinka Timeline]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref> Omu 1962, Soyinka akahandiika ebihandiiko birikurwanirira okushoma n'okuhandiika omuri Nigeria omu bwire obwo otwariiremu "Death of the King's Horsemen" hamwe na "Towards a True Theater", ebyashohoziibwe omu Transition Magazine.<ref>Amayi, Zakayo (22 June 2013). "[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/standard-entertainment/article/2000086475/soyinkas-grumpy-battles-to-defend-literary-legacy Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's grumpy battles to defend literary legacy]". Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa aha Obafemi Awolowo University omuri Ifẹ. Omu 1963, firimu ye y'okubanza, Culture in Transition, ekashohozibwa. Soyinka akarekura omurimo gwe aha Yunivasite omuri 1964, nk'okwesharinga ahabw'emitwarize y'okushagika gavumenti eyateirweho ab'obushoborozi. Akagira ngu ab'obushoborozi omu yunivasite bakakwatanisa eitendekyero n'obutegyeki bwa Samuel Ladoke Akintola obwabaire butarikukundwa. Omu bwire obwo, akakora The Lion and the Jewel<ref>"[https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/critical-responses-to-african-theatre-wole-soyinkas-the-lion-and-the-jewel-by-professor-martin-banham/ Critical Responses to African Theatre: Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel by Professor Martin Banham | Black Plays Archive]". ''www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> omu siizoni y'emizaano omu Rungyereza na Yoruba hamwe n'okutandikaho The Orisun Theatre Company, guruupu ya theatre. Omu 1965, akakora omuzaano gwa gurikujumirira emitwarize mibi omungyeru erikushestya, ''Before the Blackout''.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/african-theatre-soyinka/ Review of African Theatre Soyinka: Blackout, Blowout and Beyond | Centre for African Studies (LUCAS)]". ''lucas.leeds.ac.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuzano gwe, Kongi's Harvest, gukatandika omu Kwamunaana omuri Lagos. Ebiro 14 September 1965, omuzaano gwe The Road gukatandika kworekwa omuri London aha Commonwealth Arts Festival hamwe na Theatre Royal Stratford East. Soyinka akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa mukuru aha Yunivasite ya Lagos. Juba, ekitabo kye ekisya The Interpreters kikashohozibwa André Deutsch omuri London. Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akakomwa omurundi gw'okubanza, yaajunaanwa okukwata reediyo aha mbundu akahindura akatambi k'ebigambo by'enganzi y'ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba n'akatambi akarikujunaana okwiba akaruuru. Akarekurwa bwanyima y'ameezi agamwe g'okukomwa ahabw'okwesharinga kw'abantu b'ensi yoona abahandiiki. Akahandiika n'ekitabo The Detainee, omuzaano gwa reediyo ogwashohozibwe BBC omuri London.<ref>Ezugwu, Obinna (19 July 2021). "[https://hallmarknews.com/salute-to-kongi-at-87/ Salute To Kongi At 87]". ''hallmarknews.com''. Retrieved 13 August 2022.</ref> === 1966–1968: Orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria === Bwanyima y'okuba Mukuru w'ekibiina ky'emizaano aha Yunivasite ya Ibadan, Soyinka akatandika kwejumba omu by'obutegyeki. Bwanyima y'amahe okuhamba obutegyeki omu kwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1966, akabugana omu kihama Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, gavana w'amahe ow'amashuuma g'oburugwa izooba bwa Nigeria omu kugyezaho okuzibira orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria.<ref>"[https://howng.com/professor-wole-soyinka-full-biographylife-and-news/ Professor Wole Soyinka Full Biography, Life And News]". ''howng.com''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Akaza n'omuri Ẹnugu, ahu yabugaine mugyenzi we Omuyoruba, Victor Banjọ, orikukora na gavumenti ya Biafra. Soyinka, owaashabire obushagiki bw'abeebembezi b'amahe omu kicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, akahitsya obutumwa bwa Banjo ahari Lieutenant Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo, owaabaire atoorainwe nk'omuduumizi w'amahe g'omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba. Omumwebazyo gw'akana, Soyinka agarukire omu mahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, amahe ga Biafra gakatahirira ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Bwanyima y'okutwara oburengyerwa-izooba, Soyinka akabugana Obasanjo kumugambira ekigyendererwa ky'Ababiafra ahabwokuba Obasanjo akaba yaacwiremu kwegaita aha gavumenti ya Nigeria. Kwonka okutahirira kwa Biafra ahagati yóburegyerwa eizooba kikarugamu okuhoorera okwakozirwe amahe ga gavumenti eya federo, kandi orutaro rw'omunda rukatandika. Obasanjo akashoboorora gavumenti ya Nigeria orukiiko rwe na Soyinka, yarangirira Soyinka nk'omuheekyera, n'ahabw'ekyo akakwatwa ab'obushoborozi bwa federo kandi yaakomwa kumara emyezi 22.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/07/27/wole.soyinka/index.html Wole Soyinka: Nigeria's Nobel Laureate]". ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. 1 August 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2026.</ref> Akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi n'byevugo arikujuumirira gavumenti ya Nigeria obu yaabaire ari omu kihome.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (2006), ''You Must Set Forth at Dawn'', p. 6.</ref> Omu kutandika kwa 1967, ebihandiiko bye Kongi’s Harvest na Idanre and Other Poems bikashohozibwa.<ref>"[https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/engp06/chapter/wole-soyinka-kongis-harvest/ Wole Soyinka, Kongi's Harvest – African & Caribbean Writing in English]". ''ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Ari na Tom Stoppard, akatunga ekirabo kya John Whiting omuri London. Akatooranwa kuba mukuru w'eishomero rya Drama, Yunivasite ya Ibadan kwonka akaremwa kutwara entebe egyo ahabw'okubohwa omu kwezi kwa munaana. N'obu araabe yaabaire ari omu kihome, omuzaano gwe ogurikwetwa The Lion and The Jewel gukagumizamu gwashohozibwa omuri Accra, Ghana omu Kwamwenda 1967. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Strong Breed bikashohozibwa aba Off-Broadway omu Greenwich Mews Theatre omuri New York City. Omuri 1968, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Jock Campbell-New Statesman Award. Ekibiina kya Negro Ensemble Company kikashohoza Kongi's Harvest aha St. Mark's Theatre, New York.<ref>"[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,838330,00.html Theater: Kongi's Harvest]". ''Time''. 26 April 1968. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X 0040-781X]. Retrieved 7 May 2022.</ref> Akavunuura D. O. Fagunwa's Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irunmale kuruga omu rurimi rwa Yoruba kuza omu Rungyereza. Kikashohozibwa nka The Forest of a Thousand Demons: A Hunter's Saga. === Okurekurwa n'okushohoza ebitabo. === Omu Okwaikumi 1969, emyezi mikye erikuburayo orutaro rw'omunda rukahwa, okusaasira kukarangirirwa, Soyinka hamwe n'abandi basibe b'eby'obutegyeki barekurwa.<ref>PEN America (16 April 2012). "[https://pen.org/case-histories-wole-soyinka/ Case Histories: Wole Soyinka]". ''PEN America''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omu myezi mikye y'okubanza bwanyima y'okurekurwa kwe, Soyinka akaguma aha faamu ya munywani we omu mashuuma ga Bufaransa, ahu yaasherwire kuhuumuraho wenka. Akahandiika The Bacchae of Euripides (1969), ekihandiiko kihindwiremu kushushana enfumu ya Pentheus.<ref name=":3">Killam and Rowe (eds), ''The Companion to African Literature'' (2000), p. 276.</ref> Kandi akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebyevugo omuri London, kikwetwa Poems from Prison. Aha muheru gw'omwaka, akagaruka omu ofiisi ye nk'orikukurira eby'emizaano omuri Ibadan.<ref name=":5">"[https://dailytrust.com/things-to-know-about-prof-wole-soyinka-at-89/ Things To Know About Prof Wole Soyinka At 89]". ''[[:en:Daily_Trust|Daily Trust]]''. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omu 1970, akashohoza omuzaano Kongi's Harvest, kandi omu bwire bumwe akaguhindura nk'omuzaano gwa firimu gw'eiziina niryo rimwe, Kongi's Harvest. Omu Kwamukaaga 1970, akamara omuzaano ogundi, ogurikwetwa Madmen and Specialists.<ref>Ajeluorou, Anote (25 July 2015). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/periscoping-a-senseless-war-in-madmen-and-specialists/ Periscoping A Senseless War In Madmen And Specialists]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</ref> Arikukoragana n'ekibiina ky'abazaani 15 ba Ibadan University Theatre Art Company, akagyenda United States, kureeba Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center omuri Waterford, Connecticut, ahu omuzaano gwe oguyabaire ahererukurieyo kuhandiika gwayorekirwe omurundi gwokubanza.[citation needed] Omu 1971, ekitabo kye ky'ebyevugo ekya A Shuttle in the Crypt kikashohozibwa. Madmen and Specialists kikashohozibwa omuri Ibadan omwaka ogwo.<ref>Lee, Christopher J. (25 March 2020). "[http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/reading-wole-soyinka-s-madmen-and-specialists-time-pandemic Reading Wole Soyinka's 'Madmen and Specialists' in a Time of Pandemic]". ''Warscapes''.</ref> Omu Kwakana 1971, ahabw'okwerarikirira aha mbeera y'eby'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria, Soyinka akarekura emirimo ye aha Yunivasite omuri Ibadan, kandi yaatandika emyaka mingi ayetwaire omubuzaahe. kuza omu buzaahe.<ref name=":6">Adegbamigbe, Ademola (13 July 2019). "[https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/07/13/soyinka-at-85-why-i-detained-him-for-2-years-during-civil-war-yakubu-gowon/ Soyinka at 85: 'Why I Detained Him for 2 Years During the Civil War' - Yakubu Gowon]". ''The NEWS''. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</ref> Soyinka akagyenda omuri Paris, Bufaransa, kutwara omurimo gw'okuzaana nka Patrice Lumumba, mukuru w'eihanga w'okubanza rya Repubulika ya Kongo owaisirwe, omu muzaano ogwashohozibwe Joan Littlewood omu kwakataano 1971 ogurikwetwa Murderous Angels, omuzaano gwa Conor Cruise O'Brien ogwabaire nigukwata aha buremeezi bwa Kongo.<ref name=":4">Gibbs, James. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/soyinka-wole-13-july-1934 Soyinka, Wole 1934–]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 September 2021. (Updated by [[:en:Tanure_Ojaide|Tanure Ojaide]].)</ref><ref>[[:en:Biodun_Jeyifo|Jeyifo, Biodun]] (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nwhlgrVqvYkC&q=%22Murderous+Angels%22%3D&pg=PR27 Chronology]". ''Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, and Postcolonialism''. Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;xxvii. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139439084|9781139439084]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri Paris, ebicweka kuruga omu muzaano gwa Soyinka ogurikumanywa munonga The Dance of The Forests bikazaanwa.<ref>Adenekan, Sulaiman (2016). "[https://www.tradenewswire.net/the-pride-of-africa-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-clocks-85-years-serving-humanity-poetically/ The Pride of Africa: Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka clocks 85 years serving humanity poeticall]y". ''Trade Newswire''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Omu 1972, ekitabo kye Season of Anomy hamwe na Collected Plays byona bikashohozibwa Oxford University Press. Ekihandiiko kye ky'ebirikumukwataho ekya The Man Died, ekirikurundaana ebi yaahandiikire omu kihome, nakyo kikashohozibwa omwaka ogwo.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/biographical/ Wole Soyinka | Biographical]", The Nobel Prize, 1986.</ref> Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Honoris Causa doctorate kuruga omu Yunivasite ya Leeds omuri 1973.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/honorary-degree/ Honorary Degree]", Leeds ''African Studies Bulletin'' 19 (November 1973), pp. 1–2. [Professor Soyinka receiving the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from the Chancellor, HRH the Duchess of Kent, on Thursday 17 May 1973 – image from 'Nobel Prize for Leeds Graduate', ''The Reporter'' (the University of Leeds), 258, 24 October 1986.]</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, National Theatre, London, ekashaba kandi yaatongoza omuzaano The Bacchae of Euripides,<ref name=":3" /> kandi emizaano ye Camwood on the Leaves na Jero's Metamorphosis nayo ekaba eri ey'okubanza kushohozibwa. Akamara omwaka gumwe nk'omugyenyi aha Churchill College, Cambridge<ref>Gumbel, Andrew (3 November 2005). "[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/03/theatre3 Wole Soyinka on how he came to write Death and the King's Horseman]". ''The Guardian''.</ref> (1973–74)<ref name=":4" /> kandi yaahandiika Death and the King's Horseman, ekyashomirwe omurundi gw'okubanza aha Churchill College.<ref name=":5" /> Omu 1974, Oxford University Press ekashohoza Soyinka's Collected Plays, Volume II. Akateeraho hamwe ekitabo kya 1975 Poems of Black Africa, ekyashohoziibwe nka kimwe ahakicweka kya Heinemann African Writers Series.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JtqywAEACAAJ Poems of Black Africa]'', Heinemann African Writers Series, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]. <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780435901714|9780435901714]]</bdi>.</ref> Kandi omuri 1975, Soyinka akakuzibwa yaaza aha ntebe y'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka Transition Magazine, akaabaire nikashangwa omu kibuga ekikuru ekya Ghana ekya Accra, ahu yaafurukiire.<ref name=":6" /> Akakoresa ebihandiiko bye omu magaziini kujumirira abo abarikusaasibwa munonga abairaguju (nk'eky'okureeberaho, ekicweka kye "Neo-Tarzanism: Eby'obutegyeki obwa Pseudo-Transition) hamwe n'obutegyeki bw'amahe. Akeesharinga ahabw'obutegyeki bw'amahe obwa Idi Amin omu Uganda. Bwanyima y'empindahinduka omu by'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria hamwe n'okuhenda gavumenti y'amahe eya Gowon omuri 1975, Soyinka akagaruka omu ihanga rye kandi yaagaruka omu mwanya gwe nka mukuru w'okugyeragyeranisa ebyahandiikirwe. omu Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref name=":6" /> === Okushomesa === Kuruga 1975 kuhisya 1999, Soyinka akaheereza nka Purofeesa w'ebitabo ebirikugyeragyeranisibwa aha Obafemi Awolowo University.<ref>Odinaka (31 July 2018). "[https://www.tori.ng/news/102835/the-house-prof-soyinka-lived-in-during-oau-days-tu.html The House Prof. Soyinka Lived In During OAU Days, Turned Into A Campus Museum (Photos)]". ''Tori.ng''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Amerika, akeegyesa aha Cornell University nk'omuhangu wa Goldwin Smith omu kwega aha Afirika hamwe n'eby'emizaano kuruga 1988 kuhisya 1991. Aha Yunivasite ya Emory, akatooranwa nka Robert W. Woodruff Purofeesa w'eby'emikono omuri 1996 kandi atwire ari Purofeesa w'okuhandiika omu Yunivasite ya Nevada, Las Vegas. Soyinka akaheereza scholar-in-residence omu Institute of African American Affairs eya New York University hamwe na Loyola Marymount University omuri Los Angeles, California. Akegyesa n'aha Yunivasite za Cambridge, Oxford, Harvard na Yale. Akaba ari omwegi w'amaani omu kutuura aha Yunivasite ya Duke omuri 2008.<ref>"[https://alumni.duke.edu/magazine/articles/soyinka-stage Soyinka on Stage | Nobel laureate works with student production of his play]". ''Duke Magazine''. No.&#x20;January–February 2011. 31 January 2011. Retrieved 18 April 2021.</ref> Omu Kwaikumi na kubiri 2017, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Europe Theatre Prize omu kicweka kya "Special Prize" category,<ref>Ajibade, Kunle (12 December 2017). "[https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2017/12/12/wole-soyinka-wins-europe-theatre-prize/ Wole Soyinka Wins The Europe Theatre Prize]". ''[[:en:P.M._News|P.M. News]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref><ref>"[https://www.concisenews.global/news/soyinka-wins-2017-the-europe-theatre-prize/ Soyinka Wins 2017 Europe Theatre Prize]". ''Concise News''. 15 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> ekyahairwe omuntu owaabaire "aine ekyayongyeireho omu kuhikiiriza emikoro y'eby'obuhangwa erikureetaho okwetegyereza n'okubagana amagyezi ahagati y'abantu".<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20171225034855/http://www.jamesmurua.com/wole-soyinka-to-receive-europe-theatre-prize-2017/ Wole Soyinka to receive Europe Theatre Prize 2017]". ''James Murua's Literature Blog''. 14 December 2017. Archived from the original on 25 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> Ebiro 1 September 2022, Soyinka akatwara entebe y'okuba Purofeesa w'eby'emizaano aha New York University Abu Dhabi.<ref>"[https://www.wam.ae/en/article/hszrfcet-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-joins-nyu-abu-dhabi Nobel laureate Wole Soyinka joins NYU Abu Dhabi faculty]". Emirates News Agency-WAM. 23 August 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref><ref>"[https://nyuad.nyu.edu/en/academics/divisions/arts-and-humanities/faculty/wole-soyinka.html Wole Soyinka | Arts Professor of Theater]". ''nyuad.nyu.edu''. New York University Abu Dhabi. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref> Omu 1976, akashohoza ekitabo kye ky'ebitebyo Ogun Abibiman, hamwe n'ekitabo ky'ebihandiiko ekiine omutwe Myth, Literature and the African World.[53] == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == talo16rojr0h9by71amu00fs6ec2fv8 7256331 7256330 2026-07-20T09:23:31Z Rooth N 2608660 7256331 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wp/nyn]] '''Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola] 2021, p.&#x20;34.</ref>''', a'''kazaarwa 13 Okwamushanju 1934) n'omuhandiiki Omunigeria, w'emizaano, kandi omuhandiiki w'ebitabo. Akahandiika ebitabo bishatu, by'ebitabo by'emigane mikye eikumi, ebitabo mushanju by'ebyevugo, ebitabo by'emizaano abiri na bitaano, hamwe n'ebitabo bitaano by'ebirikumukwataho.<ref name=":2">Gibbs, James (1986). ''Wole Soyinka''. Basingstoke: [[:en:Macmillan_Publishers|Macmillan]]. p.&#x20;3. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780333305287|9780333305287]]</bdi>.</ref> Ahandiikire ebitabo bibiri ebivunwirwe hamwe n'ebicweka bingi hamwe n'ebitebyo bikye bikye by'okuhandiikisa empapura z'amakuru hamwe n'ebitabo by'obwire bukye. Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel eky'omwaka 1986 omu by'obuhangwa ahabw'okugira ngu akaba naashwijuma "ebintu bingi ebirikukwata aha buhangwa hamwe n'orurimi rw'okwevuga ahabirikukwata aha kubaho kw'abantu".<ref>Abdullahi, Idowu (11 October 2024). "[https://punchng.com/nobel-laureate-award-exposed-me-to-danger-wole-soyinka/ Nobel Laureate award exposed me to danger]". ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Akazaarwa omu ka y'Abakurisitaayo Abayoruba omuri Aké, Abeokuta.<ref>"[https://dawncommission.org/professor-wole-soyinka/ Professor Wole Soyinka – DAWN Commission]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref><ref name=":0">"[https://wolesoyinkalecture.org/about-wole-soyinka-2/ About Wole Soyinka]". ''Wole Soyinka Lecture Series''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Soyinka akatunga obwegyese obw'okumutebeekanisa aha Government College, Ibadan kandi yaagyenda aha University College Ibadan. Omu bwire bw'obwegyese bwe, akatandikaho ekibiina kya Pyrate Confraternity.<ref name=":0" /> Soyinka akaruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza kwega aha Yunivasite ya Leeds. Omu bwire obwo, niwe yaabaire ari omuhandiiki w'akatabo ka yunivasite, The Eagle, atakabaire muhandiiki ow'obutwire omu myaka ya 1950.<ref>"[https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/wole-soyinka/ Wole Soyinka – Narrative Landscape Press]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Bungyereza, akatandika kuhandiika ebitebyo bigufu n'okukora ebihandiiko aha BBC Lecture series. Akahandiika emizaano mingi eyazaanairwe aha reediyo hamwe n'omu myanya y'emizaano omuri Nigeria hamwe na Bungyereza, okukira munonga Royal Court Theatre.<ref>"[https://livingarchive.royalcourttheatre.com/black-plays-1960s/ Black Plays 1960s]". ''Royal Court - Living Archive''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Ebitabo bya Soyinka bingi hamwe n'emizaano ye, nibiteebwaho omuri Nigeria, ekirikworeka ebyafaayo by'eihanga eryo, eby'obuhangwa, hamwe n'oburemeezi bw'eby'obutegyeki. Oyihireho emirimo egi, akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi ebirikujumiirira emitwarize mibi y'abantu omungyeri erikushetsya. Ebihandiiko ebi bikajanjaara omu bantu baingi kandi byakundwa munonga. Atungire obusinguzi n'emizaano ye, otwariiremu The Swamp Dwellers (1958), The Lion and the Jewel (1959), na The Invention (1957), omuzaano gumwe ahayabandize, ogwakoriirwe aha Royal Court Theatre. Soyinka ahandiikire ebitabo bingi, otwariiremu The Interpreters (1965), Season of Anomy (1973), Death and the King's Horseman, Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth (2021), na Harmattan Haze on an African Spring (2012). Omu Kwamushanju 2024, Bola Tinubu akahindura eiziina ry'ekishengye ky'emizaano ekya National Arts Theatre ahanyima ya Soyinka aha mazaarwa ge ag'emyaka 90. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Soyinka akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju 1934 omuri Ake, Abeokuta, Nigeria omu ka y'Abakristaayo ey'obuzaare bw'Abayoruba. Akaba ari owa kabiri omu baana mushanju[a] ba Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, omuheereza w'Abakuristayo kandi mukuru w'eishomero kuruga omu ruganda rw'obugabe orwa Isara-Remo[<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1988 Gibbs 1988], pp.&#x20;526.</ref> hamwe na Grace Soyinka (née Jenkins-Harrison), omushubuuzi kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe kuruga omu ruganda rwa Ransome-Kuti.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFMaduakor1986 Maduakor 1986], pp.&#x20;227.</ref> Nyina Grace hamwe n'ab'eka ye, aba Ransome-Kutis, bakaba bari ab'eka y'amaani omuri Nigeria<ref>Staff writer (9 May 2014). "[https://businessday.ng/family-and-relationships/article/great-dynasties-the-ransome-kutis/ Great Dynasties:The Ransome-Kutis]". ''[[:en:BusinessDay_(Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> abarikugambwaho nk'ekigarukwamu kya Nigeria aha ka ya Kennedy omuri United States. Owaabatandikireho, omusesorodooti w'Abakuristaayo J. J. Ransome-Kuti, akaba ari omuntu w'okubanza omu ihanga rye omu by'okushohoza ebyeshongoro omu myaka ya 1920.<ref>Sansom, Ian. "[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/11/fela-kuti-great-dynasties-ian-sansom Great Dynasties: The Ransome-Kutis]". ''theguardian.com''. Retrieved 17 January 2026.</ref> Kuruga 1940 kuhistya 1946, Soyinka akaba naashoma aha St. Peters Primary School, ahu ishe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eishomero.<ref>"[https://guardian.ng/art/genius-of-the-unconventional-and-the-patterning-of-dualities-wole-soyinkas-early-childhood-part-3/ Genius of the unconventional and the patterning of dualities: Wole Soyinka's early childhood]". ''T[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|he Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akashomera siniya ye Abeokuta Grammar School kandi okushoma kwe okw'okweteekateekyera Yunivasite aha Government College, Ibadan kuruga 1946 kuhisya 1951.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/soyinka-wole-1934/ Wole Soyinka (1934- )]". ''[[:en:BlackPast.org|BlackPast.org]]''. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akaheebwa omwanya omu University College Ibadan, ahu yaashomire ebyahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza, Orugriika, hamwe n'ebyafaayo by'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kuruga 1952 kuhisya 1954.<ref name=":1">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola 2021], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Omu myaka ye y'ahamuheru omu yunivasite, akahandiika omuzaano mugufu aha reediyo, Keffi's Birthday Treat, ogwashohwire omu Kwamushanju 1954 kuruga omu kitongore kya Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1980 Gibbs 1980], p.&#x20;21.</ref> Hamwe n'abeegi bagyenzi be otwariiremu Olumuyiwa Awẹ, Ralph Opara, Aig-Imoukhuede, na Pius Olegbe, akatandikaho ekibiina ekirikwetwa National Association of Seadogs, ekibiina ky'okubanza omuri Nigeria.<ref name=":1" /> Soyinka akafuruka kuruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza omuri 1954 kugumizamu n'emishomo ye omu byahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza aha Yunivasite ya Leeds arikureebererwa G. Wilson Knight.<ref>''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFEncyclopedia_Britannica2024 Encyclopedia Britannica]'' 2024.</ref> Okusharamu kw'okushoma aheeru y'eihanga omu bwire obwo obu okushoma diguri ya kabiri kyabaire kitarikubaho omuri Ibadan kikaba kiri kurabira omuri Joyce M. Green, omukazi Omungyereza owaizire omu University College, Ibadan kuruga Cambridge omuri 1950, kandi owaabaire ari omwe aha beegyesa ba Soyinka kandi owaabaire amuhaire ekihandiiko kirungi eky'okumugambaho omuri Leeds.<ref>Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi (28 July 2019). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/soyinkas-early-romance-with-england-1954-1959-a-cold-chapter-for-an-anti-form-rebel-part-1/ Soyinka's early romance with England 1954-1959: A cold chapter for an anti-form rebel]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 8 January 2026.</ref> Aha yunivasite ya Leeds, akaheereza nk'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka yunivasite akarikushetsya, The Eagle, omuri ako yaahandiika ekicweka aha magara g'eby'okushoma. Omu Kwamunaana 1955, akatandika kukwata ebyeshongoro aha BBC Lecture kandi yaahandiika ebitebyo bigufu nyingi. Omuri 1957, akasingura empaka z'okugamba ezirikubaho buri mwaka ezirikuteebwaho Yunivasite.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFLindfors1974 Lindfors 1974], pp.&#x20;471–486.</ref> == Emirimo == === 1957–1967: Omurimo gwe gw'okubanza === Soyinka akaguma omuri Leeds bwanyima y'okutunga diguri ye eya BA honours omu Rungyereza omuri 1957.<ref name=":2" /> Omu 1957, akatandika kuhandiika emizaano ye ey'okubanza, ''Swamp Dwellers'' na ''The Lion and the Jewel''. Soyinka akaza London kandi yaakora nk'omushomi w'emizaano aha Royal Court Theatre. Akebembera ekibiina kya Nigerian Drama Group ekyakozire The Swamp Dwellers omuri 1958. Omu bwire obwo, emizaano ye ebiri ekazaanwa omuri Ibadan, Nigeria. Omuri 1957, omuzaano gwe, The Invention, gukashohozibwa aha Royal Court Theatre omuri London, kandi gukaba guri omurimo gwe gw'okubanza aha.<ref>"Wole Soyinka". ''African Biography''. Detroit, MI: Gale (published 2 December 2006). 1999. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-2823-9|978-0-7876-2823-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akahandiika ebyevugo, otwariiremu "''The Immigrant''" hamwe na "''My Next Door Neighbour''", ebyareebekire omuri Black Orpheus. Omuri 1959, Soyinka akagaruka Nigeria bwanyima y'okutunga obuhwezi bwa Rockefeller Research Fellowship ahabw'okucondooza kwe aha by'emizaano ya Afirika. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe omwaka nigwo gumwe, akaza omu mwanya gwa Janheinz Jahn nk'omwe ahabahandiiki babiri bakuru ba Black Orpheus.<ref>Jacobs, Alan. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/trials-brother-jero The Trials Of Brother Jero]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu 1960, akamara omuzaano gwe ogwa reediyo Camwood on the Leaves, kandi n'omuzaano gwe ''The Trials of Brother Jero'' gukatongozibwa omu Mellanby Hall residence of University College Ibadan omu Kwakana 1960. Akakora ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Mask omu myaka ya 1960. Omuzaano gwe ogwa A Dance of The Forest, gukatongozibwa nk'omuzaano gw'eizooba ry'okwetegyeka kwa Nigeria, kandi ebiro 1 Okwaikumi 1960, gukatongozibwa omuri Lagos.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[[:en:BlackPast.org|Wole Soyinka (1934- )". ''BlackPast.org'']]. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Omuzaano gwa Soyinka ogw'okubanza ogurikwetwa My Father's Burden, gukaba nigwebemberwa Olusegun Olusola kandi gukaba nigworekwa aha Western Nigeria Television ebiro 6 Okwamunaana 1960.<ref>Uzoatu, Uzor Maxim (5 October 2013). "[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/146108-essential-soyinka-timeline-uzor-maxim-uzoatu.html The Essential Soyinka Timeline]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref> Omu 1962, Soyinka akahandiika ebihandiiko birikurwanirira okushoma n'okuhandiika omuri Nigeria omu bwire obwo otwariiremu "Death of the King's Horsemen" hamwe na "Towards a True Theater", ebyashohoziibwe omu Transition Magazine.<ref>Amayi, Zakayo (22 June 2013). "[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/standard-entertainment/article/2000086475/soyinkas-grumpy-battles-to-defend-literary-legacy Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's grumpy battles to defend literary legacy]". Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa aha Obafemi Awolowo University omuri Ifẹ. Omu 1963, firimu ye y'okubanza, Culture in Transition, ekashohozibwa. Soyinka akarekura omurimo gwe aha Yunivasite omuri 1964, nk'okwesharinga ahabw'emitwarize y'okushagika gavumenti eyateirweho ab'obushoborozi. Akagira ngu ab'obushoborozi omu yunivasite bakakwatanisa eitendekyero n'obutegyeki bwa Samuel Ladoke Akintola obwabaire butarikukundwa. Omu bwire obwo, akakora The Lion and the Jewel<ref>"[https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/critical-responses-to-african-theatre-wole-soyinkas-the-lion-and-the-jewel-by-professor-martin-banham/ Critical Responses to African Theatre: Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel by Professor Martin Banham | Black Plays Archive]". ''www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> omu siizoni y'emizaano omu Rungyereza na Yoruba hamwe n'okutandikaho The Orisun Theatre Company, guruupu ya theatre. Omu 1965, akakora omuzaano gwa gurikujumirira emitwarize mibi omungyeru erikushestya, ''Before the Blackout''.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/african-theatre-soyinka/ Review of African Theatre Soyinka: Blackout, Blowout and Beyond | Centre for African Studies (LUCAS)]". ''lucas.leeds.ac.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuzano gwe, Kongi's Harvest, gukatandika omu Kwamunaana omuri Lagos. Ebiro 14 September 1965, omuzaano gwe The Road gukatandika kworekwa omuri London aha Commonwealth Arts Festival hamwe na Theatre Royal Stratford East. Soyinka akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa mukuru aha Yunivasite ya Lagos. Juba, ekitabo kye ekisya The Interpreters kikashohozibwa André Deutsch omuri London. Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akakomwa omurundi gw'okubanza, yaajunaanwa okukwata reediyo aha mbundu akahindura akatambi k'ebigambo by'enganzi y'ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba n'akatambi akarikujunaana okwiba akaruuru. Akarekurwa bwanyima y'ameezi agamwe g'okukomwa ahabw'okwesharinga kw'abantu b'ensi yoona abahandiiki. Akahandiika n'ekitabo The Detainee, omuzaano gwa reediyo ogwashohozibwe BBC omuri London.<ref>Ezugwu, Obinna (19 July 2021). "[https://hallmarknews.com/salute-to-kongi-at-87/ Salute To Kongi At 87]". ''hallmarknews.com''. Retrieved 13 August 2022.</ref> === 1966–1968: Orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria === Bwanyima y'okuba Mukuru w'ekibiina ky'emizaano aha Yunivasite ya Ibadan, Soyinka akatandika kwejumba omu by'obutegyeki. Bwanyima y'amahe okuhamba obutegyeki omu kwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1966, akabugana omu kihama Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, gavana w'amahe ow'amashuuma g'oburugwa izooba bwa Nigeria omu kugyezaho okuzibira orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria.<ref>"[https://howng.com/professor-wole-soyinka-full-biographylife-and-news/ Professor Wole Soyinka Full Biography, Life And News]". ''howng.com''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Akaza n'omuri Ẹnugu, ahu yabugaine mugyenzi we Omuyoruba, Victor Banjọ, orikukora na gavumenti ya Biafra. Soyinka, owaashabire obushagiki bw'abeebembezi b'amahe omu kicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, akahitsya obutumwa bwa Banjo ahari Lieutenant Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo, owaabaire atoorainwe nk'omuduumizi w'amahe g'omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba. Omumwebazyo gw'akana, Soyinka agarukire omu mahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, amahe ga Biafra gakatahirira ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Bwanyima y'okutwara oburengyerwa-izooba, Soyinka akabugana Obasanjo kumugambira ekigyendererwa ky'Ababiafra ahabwokuba Obasanjo akaba yaacwiremu kwegaita aha gavumenti ya Nigeria. Kwonka okutahirira kwa Biafra ahagati yóburegyerwa eizooba kikarugamu okuhoorera okwakozirwe amahe ga gavumenti eya federo, kandi orutaro rw'omunda rukatandika. Obasanjo akashoboorora gavumenti ya Nigeria orukiiko rwe na Soyinka, yarangirira Soyinka nk'omuheekyera, n'ahabw'ekyo akakwatwa ab'obushoborozi bwa federo kandi yaakomwa kumara emyezi 22.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/07/27/wole.soyinka/index.html Wole Soyinka: Nigeria's Nobel Laureate]". ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. 1 August 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2026.</ref> Akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi n'byevugo arikujuumirira gavumenti ya Nigeria obu yaabaire ari omu kihome.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (2006), ''You Must Set Forth at Dawn'', p. 6.</ref> Omu kutandika kwa 1967, ebihandiiko bye Kongi’s Harvest na Idanre and Other Poems bikashohozibwa.<ref>"[https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/engp06/chapter/wole-soyinka-kongis-harvest/ Wole Soyinka, Kongi's Harvest – African & Caribbean Writing in English]". ''ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Ari na Tom Stoppard, akatunga ekirabo kya John Whiting omuri London. Akatooranwa kuba mukuru w'eishomero rya Drama, Yunivasite ya Ibadan kwonka akaremwa kutwara entebe egyo ahabw'okubohwa omu kwezi kwa munaana. N'obu araabe yaabaire ari omu kihome, omuzaano gwe ogurikwetwa The Lion and The Jewel gukagumizamu gwashohozibwa omuri Accra, Ghana omu Kwamwenda 1967. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Strong Breed bikashohozibwa aba Off-Broadway omu Greenwich Mews Theatre omuri New York City. Omuri 1968, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Jock Campbell-New Statesman Award. Ekibiina kya Negro Ensemble Company kikashohoza Kongi's Harvest aha St. Mark's Theatre, New York.<ref>"[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,838330,00.html Theater: Kongi's Harvest]". ''Time''. 26 April 1968. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X 0040-781X]. Retrieved 7 May 2022.</ref> Akavunuura D. O. Fagunwa's Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irunmale kuruga omu rurimi rwa Yoruba kuza omu Rungyereza. Kikashohozibwa nka The Forest of a Thousand Demons: A Hunter's Saga. === Okurekurwa n'okushohoza ebitabo. === Omu Okwaikumi 1969, emyezi mikye erikuburayo orutaro rw'omunda rukahwa, okusaasira kukarangirirwa, Soyinka hamwe n'abandi basibe b'eby'obutegyeki barekurwa.<ref>PEN America (16 April 2012). "[https://pen.org/case-histories-wole-soyinka/ Case Histories: Wole Soyinka]". ''PEN America''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omu myezi mikye y'okubanza bwanyima y'okurekurwa kwe, Soyinka akaguma aha faamu ya munywani we omu mashuuma ga Bufaransa, ahu yaasherwire kuhuumuraho wenka. Akahandiika The Bacchae of Euripides (1969), ekihandiiko kihindwiremu kushushana enfumu ya Pentheus.<ref name=":3">Killam and Rowe (eds), ''The Companion to African Literature'' (2000), p. 276.</ref> Kandi akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebyevugo omuri London, kikwetwa Poems from Prison. Aha muheru gw'omwaka, akagaruka omu ofiisi ye nk'orikukurira eby'emizaano omuri Ibadan.<ref name=":5">"[https://dailytrust.com/things-to-know-about-prof-wole-soyinka-at-89/ Things To Know About Prof Wole Soyinka At 89]". ''[[:en:Daily_Trust|Daily Trust]]''. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omu 1970, akashohoza omuzaano Kongi's Harvest, kandi omu bwire bumwe akaguhindura nk'omuzaano gwa firimu gw'eiziina niryo rimwe, Kongi's Harvest. Omu Kwamukaaga 1970, akamara omuzaano ogundi, ogurikwetwa Madmen and Specialists.<ref>Ajeluorou, Anote (25 July 2015). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/periscoping-a-senseless-war-in-madmen-and-specialists/ Periscoping A Senseless War In Madmen And Specialists]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</ref> Arikukoragana n'ekibiina ky'abazaani 15 ba Ibadan University Theatre Art Company, akagyenda United States, kureeba Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center omuri Waterford, Connecticut, ahu omuzaano gwe oguyabaire ahererukurieyo kuhandiika gwayorekirwe omurundi gwokubanza.[citation needed] Omu 1971, ekitabo kye ky'ebyevugo ekya A Shuttle in the Crypt kikashohozibwa. Madmen and Specialists kikashohozibwa omuri Ibadan omwaka ogwo.<ref>Lee, Christopher J. (25 March 2020). "[http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/reading-wole-soyinka-s-madmen-and-specialists-time-pandemic Reading Wole Soyinka's 'Madmen and Specialists' in a Time of Pandemic]". ''Warscapes''.</ref> Omu Kwakana 1971, ahabw'okwerarikirira aha mbeera y'eby'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria, Soyinka akarekura emirimo ye aha Yunivasite omuri Ibadan, kandi yaatandika emyaka mingi ayetwaire omubuzaahe. kuza omu buzaahe.<ref name=":6">Adegbamigbe, Ademola (13 July 2019). "[https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/07/13/soyinka-at-85-why-i-detained-him-for-2-years-during-civil-war-yakubu-gowon/ Soyinka at 85: 'Why I Detained Him for 2 Years During the Civil War' - Yakubu Gowon]". ''The NEWS''. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</ref> Soyinka akagyenda omuri Paris, Bufaransa, kutwara omurimo gw'okuzaana nka Patrice Lumumba, mukuru w'eihanga w'okubanza rya Repubulika ya Kongo owaisirwe, omu muzaano ogwashohozibwe Joan Littlewood omu kwakataano 1971 ogurikwetwa Murderous Angels, omuzaano gwa Conor Cruise O'Brien ogwabaire nigukwata aha buremeezi bwa Kongo.<ref name=":4">Gibbs, James. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/soyinka-wole-13-july-1934 Soyinka, Wole 1934–]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 September 2021. (Updated by [[:en:Tanure_Ojaide|Tanure Ojaide]].)</ref><ref>[[:en:Biodun_Jeyifo|Jeyifo, Biodun]] (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nwhlgrVqvYkC&q=%22Murderous+Angels%22%3D&pg=PR27 Chronology]". ''Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, and Postcolonialism''. Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;xxvii. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139439084|9781139439084]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri Paris, ebicweka kuruga omu muzaano gwa Soyinka ogurikumanywa munonga The Dance of The Forests bikazaanwa.<ref>Adenekan, Sulaiman (2016). "[https://www.tradenewswire.net/the-pride-of-africa-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-clocks-85-years-serving-humanity-poetically/ The Pride of Africa: Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka clocks 85 years serving humanity poeticall]y". ''Trade Newswire''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Omu 1972, ekitabo kye Season of Anomy hamwe na Collected Plays byona bikashohozibwa Oxford University Press. Ekihandiiko kye ky'ebirikumukwataho ekya The Man Died, ekirikurundaana ebi yaahandiikire omu kihome, nakyo kikashohozibwa omwaka ogwo.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/biographical/ Wole Soyinka | Biographical]", The Nobel Prize, 1986.</ref> Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Honoris Causa doctorate kuruga omu Yunivasite ya Leeds omuri 1973.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/honorary-degree/ Honorary Degree]", Leeds ''African Studies Bulletin'' 19 (November 1973), pp. 1–2. [Professor Soyinka receiving the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from the Chancellor, HRH the Duchess of Kent, on Thursday 17 May 1973 – image from 'Nobel Prize for Leeds Graduate', ''The Reporter'' (the University of Leeds), 258, 24 October 1986.]</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, National Theatre, London, ekashaba kandi yaatongoza omuzaano The Bacchae of Euripides,<ref name=":3" /> kandi emizaano ye Camwood on the Leaves na Jero's Metamorphosis nayo ekaba eri ey'okubanza kushohozibwa. Akamara omwaka gumwe nk'omugyenyi aha Churchill College, Cambridge<ref>Gumbel, Andrew (3 November 2005). "[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/03/theatre3 Wole Soyinka on how he came to write Death and the King's Horseman]". ''The Guardian''.</ref> (1973–74)<ref name=":4" /> kandi yaahandiika Death and the King's Horseman, ekyashomirwe omurundi gw'okubanza aha Churchill College.<ref name=":5" /> Omu 1974, Oxford University Press ekashohoza Soyinka's Collected Plays, Volume II. Akateeraho hamwe ekitabo kya 1975 Poems of Black Africa, ekyashohoziibwe nka kimwe ahakicweka kya Heinemann African Writers Series.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JtqywAEACAAJ Poems of Black Africa]'', Heinemann African Writers Series, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]. <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780435901714|9780435901714]]</bdi>.</ref> Kandi omuri 1975, Soyinka akakuzibwa yaaza aha ntebe y'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka Transition Magazine, akaabaire nikashangwa omu kibuga ekikuru ekya Ghana ekya Accra, ahu yaafurukiire.<ref name=":6" /> Akakoresa ebihandiiko bye omu magaziini kujumirira abo abarikusaasibwa munonga abairaguju (nk'eky'okureeberaho, ekicweka kye "Neo-Tarzanism: Eby'obutegyeki obwa Pseudo-Transition) hamwe n'obutegyeki bw'amahe. Akeesharinga ahabw'obutegyeki bw'amahe obwa Idi Amin omu Uganda. Bwanyima y'empindahinduka omu by'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria hamwe n'okuhenda gavumenti y'amahe eya Gowon omuri 1975, Soyinka akagaruka omu ihanga rye kandi yaagaruka omu mwanya gwe nka mukuru w'okugyeragyeranisa ebyahandiikirwe. omu Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref name=":6" /> === Okushomesa === Kuruga 1975 kuhisya 1999, Soyinka akaheereza nka Purofeesa w'ebitabo ebirikugyeragyeranisibwa aha Obafemi Awolowo University.<ref>Odinaka (31 July 2018). "[https://www.tori.ng/news/102835/the-house-prof-soyinka-lived-in-during-oau-days-tu.html The House Prof. Soyinka Lived In During OAU Days, Turned Into A Campus Museum (Photos)]". ''Tori.ng''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Amerika, akeegyesa aha Cornell University nk'omuhangu wa Goldwin Smith omu kwega aha Afirika hamwe n'eby'emizaano kuruga 1988 kuhisya 1991. Aha Yunivasite ya Emory, akatooranwa nka Robert W. Woodruff Purofeesa w'eby'emikono omuri 1996 kandi atwire ari Purofeesa w'okuhandiika omu Yunivasite ya Nevada, Las Vegas. Soyinka akaheereza scholar-in-residence omu Institute of African American Affairs eya New York University hamwe na Loyola Marymount University omuri Los Angeles, California. Akegyesa n'aha Yunivasite za Cambridge, Oxford, Harvard na Yale. Akaba ari omwegi w'amaani omu kutuura aha Yunivasite ya Duke omuri 2008.<ref>"[https://alumni.duke.edu/magazine/articles/soyinka-stage Soyinka on Stage | Nobel laureate works with student production of his play]". ''Duke Magazine''. No.&#x20;January–February 2011. 31 January 2011. Retrieved 18 April 2021.</ref> Omu Kwaikumi na kubiri 2017, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Europe Theatre Prize omu kicweka kya "Special Prize" category,<ref>Ajibade, Kunle (12 December 2017). "[https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2017/12/12/wole-soyinka-wins-europe-theatre-prize/ Wole Soyinka Wins The Europe Theatre Prize]". ''[[:en:P.M._News|P.M. News]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref><ref>"[https://www.concisenews.global/news/soyinka-wins-2017-the-europe-theatre-prize/ Soyinka Wins 2017 Europe Theatre Prize]". ''Concise News''. 15 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> ekyahairwe omuntu owaabaire "aine ekyayongyeireho omu kuhikiiriza emikoro y'eby'obuhangwa erikureetaho okwetegyereza n'okubagana amagyezi ahagati y'abantu".<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20171225034855/http://www.jamesmurua.com/wole-soyinka-to-receive-europe-theatre-prize-2017/ Wole Soyinka to receive Europe Theatre Prize 2017]". ''James Murua's Literature Blog''. 14 December 2017. Archived from the original on 25 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> Ebiro 1 September 2022, Soyinka akatwara entebe y'okuba Purofeesa w'eby'emizaano aha New York University Abu Dhabi.<ref>"[https://www.wam.ae/en/article/hszrfcet-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-joins-nyu-abu-dhabi Nobel laureate Wole Soyinka joins NYU Abu Dhabi faculty]". Emirates News Agency-WAM. 23 August 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref><ref>"[https://nyuad.nyu.edu/en/academics/divisions/arts-and-humanities/faculty/wole-soyinka.html Wole Soyinka | Arts Professor of Theater]". ''nyuad.nyu.edu''. New York University Abu Dhabi. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref> Omu 1976, akashohoza ekitabo kye ky'ebitebyo Ogun Abibiman, hamwe n'ekitabo ky'ebihandiiko ekiine omutwe Myth, Literature and the African World.[53] Omuri ebi, Soyinka naashwijuma oburugo bw'oburagwa omu katemba ka Afirika kandi, arikukoresa eby'okureeberaho kuruga omuri Buraaya na Afirika, naagyeragyeranisa kandi akashoboorora eby'obuhangwa. == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == 21vu3hysqfrw4oqx9s1zbibdk8m3byn 7256332 7256331 2026-07-20T09:24:34Z Rooth N 2608660 7256332 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wp/nyn]] '''Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola] 2021, p.&#x20;34.</ref>''', a'''kazaarwa 13 Okwamushanju 1934) n'omuhandiiki Omunigeria, w'emizaano, kandi omuhandiiki w'ebitabo. Akahandiika ebitabo bishatu, by'ebitabo by'emigane mikye eikumi, ebitabo mushanju by'ebyevugo, ebitabo by'emizaano abiri na bitaano, hamwe n'ebitabo bitaano by'ebirikumukwataho.<ref name=":2">Gibbs, James (1986). ''Wole Soyinka''. Basingstoke: [[:en:Macmillan_Publishers|Macmillan]]. p.&#x20;3. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780333305287|9780333305287]]</bdi>.</ref> Ahandiikire ebitabo bibiri ebivunwirwe hamwe n'ebicweka bingi hamwe n'ebitebyo bikye bikye by'okuhandiikisa empapura z'amakuru hamwe n'ebitabo by'obwire bukye. Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel eky'omwaka 1986 omu by'obuhangwa ahabw'okugira ngu akaba naashwijuma "ebintu bingi ebirikukwata aha buhangwa hamwe n'orurimi rw'okwevuga ahabirikukwata aha kubaho kw'abantu".<ref>Abdullahi, Idowu (11 October 2024). "[https://punchng.com/nobel-laureate-award-exposed-me-to-danger-wole-soyinka/ Nobel Laureate award exposed me to danger]". ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Akazaarwa omu ka y'Abakurisitaayo Abayoruba omuri Aké, Abeokuta.<ref>"[https://dawncommission.org/professor-wole-soyinka/ Professor Wole Soyinka – DAWN Commission]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref><ref name=":0">"[https://wolesoyinkalecture.org/about-wole-soyinka-2/ About Wole Soyinka]". ''Wole Soyinka Lecture Series''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Soyinka akatunga obwegyese obw'okumutebeekanisa aha Government College, Ibadan kandi yaagyenda aha University College Ibadan. Omu bwire bw'obwegyese bwe, akatandikaho ekibiina kya Pyrate Confraternity.<ref name=":0" /> Soyinka akaruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza kwega aha Yunivasite ya Leeds. Omu bwire obwo, niwe yaabaire ari omuhandiiki w'akatabo ka yunivasite, The Eagle, atakabaire muhandiiki ow'obutwire omu myaka ya 1950.<ref>"[https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/wole-soyinka/ Wole Soyinka – Narrative Landscape Press]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Bungyereza, akatandika kuhandiika ebitebyo bigufu n'okukora ebihandiiko aha BBC Lecture series. Akahandiika emizaano mingi eyazaanairwe aha reediyo hamwe n'omu myanya y'emizaano omuri Nigeria hamwe na Bungyereza, okukira munonga Royal Court Theatre.<ref>"[https://livingarchive.royalcourttheatre.com/black-plays-1960s/ Black Plays 1960s]". ''Royal Court - Living Archive''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Ebitabo bya Soyinka bingi hamwe n'emizaano ye, nibiteebwaho omuri Nigeria, ekirikworeka ebyafaayo by'eihanga eryo, eby'obuhangwa, hamwe n'oburemeezi bw'eby'obutegyeki. Oyihireho emirimo egi, akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi ebirikujumiirira emitwarize mibi y'abantu omungyeri erikushetsya. Ebihandiiko ebi bikajanjaara omu bantu baingi kandi byakundwa munonga. Atungire obusinguzi n'emizaano ye, otwariiremu The Swamp Dwellers (1958), The Lion and the Jewel (1959), na The Invention (1957), omuzaano gumwe ahayabandize, ogwakoriirwe aha Royal Court Theatre. Soyinka ahandiikire ebitabo bingi, otwariiremu The Interpreters (1965), Season of Anomy (1973), Death and the King's Horseman, Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth (2021), na Harmattan Haze on an African Spring (2012). Omu Kwamushanju 2024, Bola Tinubu akahindura eiziina ry'ekishengye ky'emizaano ekya National Arts Theatre ahanyima ya Soyinka aha mazaarwa ge ag'emyaka 90. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Soyinka akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju 1934 omuri Ake, Abeokuta, Nigeria omu ka y'Abakristaayo ey'obuzaare bw'Abayoruba. Akaba ari owa kabiri omu baana mushanju[a] ba Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, omuheereza w'Abakuristayo kandi mukuru w'eishomero kuruga omu ruganda rw'obugabe orwa Isara-Remo[<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1988 Gibbs 1988], pp.&#x20;526.</ref> hamwe na Grace Soyinka (née Jenkins-Harrison), omushubuuzi kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe kuruga omu ruganda rwa Ransome-Kuti.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFMaduakor1986 Maduakor 1986], pp.&#x20;227.</ref> Nyina Grace hamwe n'ab'eka ye, aba Ransome-Kutis, bakaba bari ab'eka y'amaani omuri Nigeria<ref>Staff writer (9 May 2014). "[https://businessday.ng/family-and-relationships/article/great-dynasties-the-ransome-kutis/ Great Dynasties:The Ransome-Kutis]". ''[[:en:BusinessDay_(Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> abarikugambwaho nk'ekigarukwamu kya Nigeria aha ka ya Kennedy omuri United States. Owaabatandikireho, omusesorodooti w'Abakuristaayo J. J. Ransome-Kuti, akaba ari omuntu w'okubanza omu ihanga rye omu by'okushohoza ebyeshongoro omu myaka ya 1920.<ref>Sansom, Ian. "[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/11/fela-kuti-great-dynasties-ian-sansom Great Dynasties: The Ransome-Kutis]". ''theguardian.com''. Retrieved 17 January 2026.</ref> Kuruga 1940 kuhistya 1946, Soyinka akaba naashoma aha St. Peters Primary School, ahu ishe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eishomero.<ref>"[https://guardian.ng/art/genius-of-the-unconventional-and-the-patterning-of-dualities-wole-soyinkas-early-childhood-part-3/ Genius of the unconventional and the patterning of dualities: Wole Soyinka's early childhood]". ''T[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|he Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akashomera siniya ye Abeokuta Grammar School kandi okushoma kwe okw'okweteekateekyera Yunivasite aha Government College, Ibadan kuruga 1946 kuhisya 1951.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/soyinka-wole-1934/ Wole Soyinka (1934- )]". ''[[:en:BlackPast.org|BlackPast.org]]''. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akaheebwa omwanya omu University College Ibadan, ahu yaashomire ebyahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza, Orugriika, hamwe n'ebyafaayo by'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kuruga 1952 kuhisya 1954.<ref name=":1">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola 2021], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Omu myaka ye y'ahamuheru omu yunivasite, akahandiika omuzaano mugufu aha reediyo, Keffi's Birthday Treat, ogwashohwire omu Kwamushanju 1954 kuruga omu kitongore kya Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1980 Gibbs 1980], p.&#x20;21.</ref> Hamwe n'abeegi bagyenzi be otwariiremu Olumuyiwa Awẹ, Ralph Opara, Aig-Imoukhuede, na Pius Olegbe, akatandikaho ekibiina ekirikwetwa National Association of Seadogs, ekibiina ky'okubanza omuri Nigeria.<ref name=":1" /> Soyinka akafuruka kuruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza omuri 1954 kugumizamu n'emishomo ye omu byahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza aha Yunivasite ya Leeds arikureebererwa G. Wilson Knight.<ref>''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFEncyclopedia_Britannica2024 Encyclopedia Britannica]'' 2024.</ref> Okusharamu kw'okushoma aheeru y'eihanga omu bwire obwo obu okushoma diguri ya kabiri kyabaire kitarikubaho omuri Ibadan kikaba kiri kurabira omuri Joyce M. Green, omukazi Omungyereza owaizire omu University College, Ibadan kuruga Cambridge omuri 1950, kandi owaabaire ari omwe aha beegyesa ba Soyinka kandi owaabaire amuhaire ekihandiiko kirungi eky'okumugambaho omuri Leeds.<ref>Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi (28 July 2019). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/soyinkas-early-romance-with-england-1954-1959-a-cold-chapter-for-an-anti-form-rebel-part-1/ Soyinka's early romance with England 1954-1959: A cold chapter for an anti-form rebel]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 8 January 2026.</ref> Aha yunivasite ya Leeds, akaheereza nk'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka yunivasite akarikushetsya, The Eagle, omuri ako yaahandiika ekicweka aha magara g'eby'okushoma. Omu Kwamunaana 1955, akatandika kukwata ebyeshongoro aha BBC Lecture kandi yaahandiika ebitebyo bigufu nyingi. Omuri 1957, akasingura empaka z'okugamba ezirikubaho buri mwaka ezirikuteebwaho Yunivasite.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFLindfors1974 Lindfors 1974], pp.&#x20;471–486.</ref> == Emirimo == === 1957–1967: Omurimo gwe gw'okubanza === Soyinka akaguma omuri Leeds bwanyima y'okutunga diguri ye eya BA honours omu Rungyereza omuri 1957.<ref name=":2" /> Omu 1957, akatandika kuhandiika emizaano ye ey'okubanza, ''Swamp Dwellers'' na ''The Lion and the Jewel''. Soyinka akaza London kandi yaakora nk'omushomi w'emizaano aha Royal Court Theatre. Akebembera ekibiina kya Nigerian Drama Group ekyakozire The Swamp Dwellers omuri 1958. Omu bwire obwo, emizaano ye ebiri ekazaanwa omuri Ibadan, Nigeria. Omuri 1957, omuzaano gwe, The Invention, gukashohozibwa aha Royal Court Theatre omuri London, kandi gukaba guri omurimo gwe gw'okubanza aha.<ref>"Wole Soyinka". ''African Biography''. Detroit, MI: Gale (published 2 December 2006). 1999. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-2823-9|978-0-7876-2823-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akahandiika ebyevugo, otwariiremu "''The Immigrant''" hamwe na "''My Next Door Neighbour''", ebyareebekire omuri Black Orpheus. Omuri 1959, Soyinka akagaruka Nigeria bwanyima y'okutunga obuhwezi bwa Rockefeller Research Fellowship ahabw'okucondooza kwe aha by'emizaano ya Afirika. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe omwaka nigwo gumwe, akaza omu mwanya gwa Janheinz Jahn nk'omwe ahabahandiiki babiri bakuru ba Black Orpheus.<ref>Jacobs, Alan. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/trials-brother-jero The Trials Of Brother Jero]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu 1960, akamara omuzaano gwe ogwa reediyo Camwood on the Leaves, kandi n'omuzaano gwe ''The Trials of Brother Jero'' gukatongozibwa omu Mellanby Hall residence of University College Ibadan omu Kwakana 1960. Akakora ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Mask omu myaka ya 1960. Omuzaano gwe ogwa A Dance of The Forest, gukatongozibwa nk'omuzaano gw'eizooba ry'okwetegyeka kwa Nigeria, kandi ebiro 1 Okwaikumi 1960, gukatongozibwa omuri Lagos.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[[:en:BlackPast.org|Wole Soyinka (1934- )". ''BlackPast.org'']]. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Omuzaano gwa Soyinka ogw'okubanza ogurikwetwa My Father's Burden, gukaba nigwebemberwa Olusegun Olusola kandi gukaba nigworekwa aha Western Nigeria Television ebiro 6 Okwamunaana 1960.<ref>Uzoatu, Uzor Maxim (5 October 2013). "[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/146108-essential-soyinka-timeline-uzor-maxim-uzoatu.html The Essential Soyinka Timeline]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref> Omu 1962, Soyinka akahandiika ebihandiiko birikurwanirira okushoma n'okuhandiika omuri Nigeria omu bwire obwo otwariiremu "Death of the King's Horsemen" hamwe na "Towards a True Theater", ebyashohoziibwe omu Transition Magazine.<ref>Amayi, Zakayo (22 June 2013). "[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/standard-entertainment/article/2000086475/soyinkas-grumpy-battles-to-defend-literary-legacy Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's grumpy battles to defend literary legacy]". Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa aha Obafemi Awolowo University omuri Ifẹ. Omu 1963, firimu ye y'okubanza, Culture in Transition, ekashohozibwa. Soyinka akarekura omurimo gwe aha Yunivasite omuri 1964, nk'okwesharinga ahabw'emitwarize y'okushagika gavumenti eyateirweho ab'obushoborozi. Akagira ngu ab'obushoborozi omu yunivasite bakakwatanisa eitendekyero n'obutegyeki bwa Samuel Ladoke Akintola obwabaire butarikukundwa. Omu bwire obwo, akakora The Lion and the Jewel<ref>"[https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/critical-responses-to-african-theatre-wole-soyinkas-the-lion-and-the-jewel-by-professor-martin-banham/ Critical Responses to African Theatre: Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel by Professor Martin Banham | Black Plays Archive]". ''www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> omu siizoni y'emizaano omu Rungyereza na Yoruba hamwe n'okutandikaho The Orisun Theatre Company, guruupu ya theatre. Omu 1965, akakora omuzaano gwa gurikujumirira emitwarize mibi omungyeru erikushestya, ''Before the Blackout''.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/african-theatre-soyinka/ Review of African Theatre Soyinka: Blackout, Blowout and Beyond | Centre for African Studies (LUCAS)]". ''lucas.leeds.ac.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuzano gwe, Kongi's Harvest, gukatandika omu Kwamunaana omuri Lagos. Ebiro 14 September 1965, omuzaano gwe The Road gukatandika kworekwa omuri London aha Commonwealth Arts Festival hamwe na Theatre Royal Stratford East. Soyinka akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa mukuru aha Yunivasite ya Lagos. Juba, ekitabo kye ekisya The Interpreters kikashohozibwa André Deutsch omuri London. Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akakomwa omurundi gw'okubanza, yaajunaanwa okukwata reediyo aha mbundu akahindura akatambi k'ebigambo by'enganzi y'ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba n'akatambi akarikujunaana okwiba akaruuru. Akarekurwa bwanyima y'ameezi agamwe g'okukomwa ahabw'okwesharinga kw'abantu b'ensi yoona abahandiiki. Akahandiika n'ekitabo The Detainee, omuzaano gwa reediyo ogwashohozibwe BBC omuri London.<ref>Ezugwu, Obinna (19 July 2021). "[https://hallmarknews.com/salute-to-kongi-at-87/ Salute To Kongi At 87]". ''hallmarknews.com''. Retrieved 13 August 2022.</ref> === 1966–1968: Orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria === Bwanyima y'okuba Mukuru w'ekibiina ky'emizaano aha Yunivasite ya Ibadan, Soyinka akatandika kwejumba omu by'obutegyeki. Bwanyima y'amahe okuhamba obutegyeki omu kwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1966, akabugana omu kihama Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, gavana w'amahe ow'amashuuma g'oburugwa izooba bwa Nigeria omu kugyezaho okuzibira orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria.<ref>"[https://howng.com/professor-wole-soyinka-full-biographylife-and-news/ Professor Wole Soyinka Full Biography, Life And News]". ''howng.com''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Akaza n'omuri Ẹnugu, ahu yabugaine mugyenzi we Omuyoruba, Victor Banjọ, orikukora na gavumenti ya Biafra. Soyinka, owaashabire obushagiki bw'abeebembezi b'amahe omu kicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, akahitsya obutumwa bwa Banjo ahari Lieutenant Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo, owaabaire atoorainwe nk'omuduumizi w'amahe g'omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba. Omumwebazyo gw'akana, Soyinka agarukire omu mahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, amahe ga Biafra gakatahirira ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Bwanyima y'okutwara oburengyerwa-izooba, Soyinka akabugana Obasanjo kumugambira ekigyendererwa ky'Ababiafra ahabwokuba Obasanjo akaba yaacwiremu kwegaita aha gavumenti ya Nigeria. Kwonka okutahirira kwa Biafra ahagati yóburegyerwa eizooba kikarugamu okuhoorera okwakozirwe amahe ga gavumenti eya federo, kandi orutaro rw'omunda rukatandika. Obasanjo akashoboorora gavumenti ya Nigeria orukiiko rwe na Soyinka, yarangirira Soyinka nk'omuheekyera, n'ahabw'ekyo akakwatwa ab'obushoborozi bwa federo kandi yaakomwa kumara emyezi 22.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/07/27/wole.soyinka/index.html Wole Soyinka: Nigeria's Nobel Laureate]". ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. 1 August 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2026.</ref> Akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi n'byevugo arikujuumirira gavumenti ya Nigeria obu yaabaire ari omu kihome.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (2006), ''You Must Set Forth at Dawn'', p. 6.</ref> Omu kutandika kwa 1967, ebihandiiko bye Kongi’s Harvest na Idanre and Other Poems bikashohozibwa.<ref>"[https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/engp06/chapter/wole-soyinka-kongis-harvest/ Wole Soyinka, Kongi's Harvest – African & Caribbean Writing in English]". ''ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Ari na Tom Stoppard, akatunga ekirabo kya John Whiting omuri London. Akatooranwa kuba mukuru w'eishomero rya Drama, Yunivasite ya Ibadan kwonka akaremwa kutwara entebe egyo ahabw'okubohwa omu kwezi kwa munaana. N'obu araabe yaabaire ari omu kihome, omuzaano gwe ogurikwetwa The Lion and The Jewel gukagumizamu gwashohozibwa omuri Accra, Ghana omu Kwamwenda 1967. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Strong Breed bikashohozibwa aba Off-Broadway omu Greenwich Mews Theatre omuri New York City. Omuri 1968, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Jock Campbell-New Statesman Award. Ekibiina kya Negro Ensemble Company kikashohoza Kongi's Harvest aha St. Mark's Theatre, New York.<ref>"[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,838330,00.html Theater: Kongi's Harvest]". ''Time''. 26 April 1968. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X 0040-781X]. Retrieved 7 May 2022.</ref> Akavunuura D. O. Fagunwa's Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irunmale kuruga omu rurimi rwa Yoruba kuza omu Rungyereza. Kikashohozibwa nka The Forest of a Thousand Demons: A Hunter's Saga. === Okurekurwa n'okushohoza ebitabo. === Omu Okwaikumi 1969, emyezi mikye erikuburayo orutaro rw'omunda rukahwa, okusaasira kukarangirirwa, Soyinka hamwe n'abandi basibe b'eby'obutegyeki barekurwa.<ref>PEN America (16 April 2012). "[https://pen.org/case-histories-wole-soyinka/ Case Histories: Wole Soyinka]". ''PEN America''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omu myezi mikye y'okubanza bwanyima y'okurekurwa kwe, Soyinka akaguma aha faamu ya munywani we omu mashuuma ga Bufaransa, ahu yaasherwire kuhuumuraho wenka. Akahandiika The Bacchae of Euripides (1969), ekihandiiko kihindwiremu kushushana enfumu ya Pentheus.<ref name=":3">Killam and Rowe (eds), ''The Companion to African Literature'' (2000), p. 276.</ref> Kandi akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebyevugo omuri London, kikwetwa Poems from Prison. Aha muheru gw'omwaka, akagaruka omu ofiisi ye nk'orikukurira eby'emizaano omuri Ibadan.<ref name=":5">"[https://dailytrust.com/things-to-know-about-prof-wole-soyinka-at-89/ Things To Know About Prof Wole Soyinka At 89]". ''[[:en:Daily_Trust|Daily Trust]]''. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omu 1970, akashohoza omuzaano Kongi's Harvest, kandi omu bwire bumwe akaguhindura nk'omuzaano gwa firimu gw'eiziina niryo rimwe, Kongi's Harvest. Omu Kwamukaaga 1970, akamara omuzaano ogundi, ogurikwetwa Madmen and Specialists.<ref>Ajeluorou, Anote (25 July 2015). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/periscoping-a-senseless-war-in-madmen-and-specialists/ Periscoping A Senseless War In Madmen And Specialists]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</ref> Arikukoragana n'ekibiina ky'abazaani 15 ba Ibadan University Theatre Art Company, akagyenda United States, kureeba Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center omuri Waterford, Connecticut, ahu omuzaano gwe oguyabaire ahererukurieyo kuhandiika gwayorekirwe omurundi gwokubanza.[citation needed] Omu 1971, ekitabo kye ky'ebyevugo ekya A Shuttle in the Crypt kikashohozibwa. Madmen and Specialists kikashohozibwa omuri Ibadan omwaka ogwo.<ref>Lee, Christopher J. (25 March 2020). "[http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/reading-wole-soyinka-s-madmen-and-specialists-time-pandemic Reading Wole Soyinka's 'Madmen and Specialists' in a Time of Pandemic]". ''Warscapes''.</ref> Omu Kwakana 1971, ahabw'okwerarikirira aha mbeera y'eby'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria, Soyinka akarekura emirimo ye aha Yunivasite omuri Ibadan, kandi yaatandika emyaka mingi ayetwaire omubuzaahe. kuza omu buzaahe.<ref name=":6">Adegbamigbe, Ademola (13 July 2019). "[https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/07/13/soyinka-at-85-why-i-detained-him-for-2-years-during-civil-war-yakubu-gowon/ Soyinka at 85: 'Why I Detained Him for 2 Years During the Civil War' - Yakubu Gowon]". ''The NEWS''. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</ref> Soyinka akagyenda omuri Paris, Bufaransa, kutwara omurimo gw'okuzaana nka Patrice Lumumba, mukuru w'eihanga w'okubanza rya Repubulika ya Kongo owaisirwe, omu muzaano ogwashohozibwe Joan Littlewood omu kwakataano 1971 ogurikwetwa Murderous Angels, omuzaano gwa Conor Cruise O'Brien ogwabaire nigukwata aha buremeezi bwa Kongo.<ref name=":4">Gibbs, James. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/soyinka-wole-13-july-1934 Soyinka, Wole 1934–]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 September 2021. (Updated by [[:en:Tanure_Ojaide|Tanure Ojaide]].)</ref><ref>[[:en:Biodun_Jeyifo|Jeyifo, Biodun]] (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nwhlgrVqvYkC&q=%22Murderous+Angels%22%3D&pg=PR27 Chronology]". ''Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, and Postcolonialism''. Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;xxvii. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139439084|9781139439084]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri Paris, ebicweka kuruga omu muzaano gwa Soyinka ogurikumanywa munonga The Dance of The Forests bikazaanwa.<ref>Adenekan, Sulaiman (2016). "[https://www.tradenewswire.net/the-pride-of-africa-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-clocks-85-years-serving-humanity-poetically/ The Pride of Africa: Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka clocks 85 years serving humanity poeticall]y". ''Trade Newswire''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Omu 1972, ekitabo kye Season of Anomy hamwe na Collected Plays byona bikashohozibwa Oxford University Press. Ekihandiiko kye ky'ebirikumukwataho ekya The Man Died, ekirikurundaana ebi yaahandiikire omu kihome, nakyo kikashohozibwa omwaka ogwo.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/biographical/ Wole Soyinka | Biographical]", The Nobel Prize, 1986.</ref> Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Honoris Causa doctorate kuruga omu Yunivasite ya Leeds omuri 1973.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/honorary-degree/ Honorary Degree]", Leeds ''African Studies Bulletin'' 19 (November 1973), pp. 1–2. [Professor Soyinka receiving the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from the Chancellor, HRH the Duchess of Kent, on Thursday 17 May 1973 – image from 'Nobel Prize for Leeds Graduate', ''The Reporter'' (the University of Leeds), 258, 24 October 1986.]</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, National Theatre, London, ekashaba kandi yaatongoza omuzaano The Bacchae of Euripides,<ref name=":3" /> kandi emizaano ye Camwood on the Leaves na Jero's Metamorphosis nayo ekaba eri ey'okubanza kushohozibwa. Akamara omwaka gumwe nk'omugyenyi aha Churchill College, Cambridge<ref>Gumbel, Andrew (3 November 2005). "[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/03/theatre3 Wole Soyinka on how he came to write Death and the King's Horseman]". ''The Guardian''.</ref> (1973–74)<ref name=":4" /> kandi yaahandiika Death and the King's Horseman, ekyashomirwe omurundi gw'okubanza aha Churchill College.<ref name=":5" /> Omu 1974, Oxford University Press ekashohoza Soyinka's Collected Plays, Volume II. Akateeraho hamwe ekitabo kya 1975 Poems of Black Africa, ekyashohoziibwe nka kimwe ahakicweka kya Heinemann African Writers Series.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JtqywAEACAAJ Poems of Black Africa]'', Heinemann African Writers Series, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]. <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780435901714|9780435901714]]</bdi>.</ref> Kandi omuri 1975, Soyinka akakuzibwa yaaza aha ntebe y'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka Transition Magazine, akaabaire nikashangwa omu kibuga ekikuru ekya Ghana ekya Accra, ahu yaafurukiire.<ref name=":6" /> Akakoresa ebihandiiko bye omu magaziini kujumirira abo abarikusaasibwa munonga abairaguju (nk'eky'okureeberaho, ekicweka kye "Neo-Tarzanism: Eby'obutegyeki obwa Pseudo-Transition) hamwe n'obutegyeki bw'amahe. Akeesharinga ahabw'obutegyeki bw'amahe obwa Idi Amin omu Uganda. Bwanyima y'empindahinduka omu by'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria hamwe n'okuhenda gavumenti y'amahe eya Gowon omuri 1975, Soyinka akagaruka omu ihanga rye kandi yaagaruka omu mwanya gwe nka mukuru w'okugyeragyeranisa ebyahandiikirwe. omu Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref name=":6" /> === Okushomesa === Kuruga 1975 kuhisya 1999, Soyinka akaheereza nka Purofeesa w'ebitabo ebirikugyeragyeranisibwa aha Obafemi Awolowo University.<ref>Odinaka (31 July 2018). "[https://www.tori.ng/news/102835/the-house-prof-soyinka-lived-in-during-oau-days-tu.html The House Prof. Soyinka Lived In During OAU Days, Turned Into A Campus Museum (Photos)]". ''Tori.ng''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Amerika, akeegyesa aha Cornell University nk'omuhangu wa Goldwin Smith omu kwega aha Afirika hamwe n'eby'emizaano kuruga 1988 kuhisya 1991. Aha Yunivasite ya Emory, akatooranwa nka Robert W. Woodruff Purofeesa w'eby'emikono omuri 1996 kandi atwire ari Purofeesa w'okuhandiika omu Yunivasite ya Nevada, Las Vegas. Soyinka akaheereza scholar-in-residence omu Institute of African American Affairs eya New York University hamwe na Loyola Marymount University omuri Los Angeles, California. Akegyesa n'aha Yunivasite za Cambridge, Oxford, Harvard na Yale. Akaba ari omwegi w'amaani omu kutuura aha Yunivasite ya Duke omuri 2008.<ref>"[https://alumni.duke.edu/magazine/articles/soyinka-stage Soyinka on Stage | Nobel laureate works with student production of his play]". ''Duke Magazine''. No.&#x20;January–February 2011. 31 January 2011. Retrieved 18 April 2021.</ref> Omu Kwaikumi na kubiri 2017, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Europe Theatre Prize omu kicweka kya "Special Prize" category,<ref>Ajibade, Kunle (12 December 2017). "[https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2017/12/12/wole-soyinka-wins-europe-theatre-prize/ Wole Soyinka Wins The Europe Theatre Prize]". ''[[:en:P.M._News|P.M. News]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref><ref>"[https://www.concisenews.global/news/soyinka-wins-2017-the-europe-theatre-prize/ Soyinka Wins 2017 Europe Theatre Prize]". ''Concise News''. 15 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> ekyahairwe omuntu owaabaire "aine ekyayongyeireho omu kuhikiiriza emikoro y'eby'obuhangwa erikureetaho okwetegyereza n'okubagana amagyezi ahagati y'abantu".<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20171225034855/http://www.jamesmurua.com/wole-soyinka-to-receive-europe-theatre-prize-2017/ Wole Soyinka to receive Europe Theatre Prize 2017]". ''James Murua's Literature Blog''. 14 December 2017. Archived from the original on 25 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> Ebiro 1 September 2022, Soyinka akatwara entebe y'okuba Purofeesa w'eby'emizaano aha New York University Abu Dhabi.<ref>"[https://www.wam.ae/en/article/hszrfcet-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-joins-nyu-abu-dhabi Nobel laureate Wole Soyinka joins NYU Abu Dhabi faculty]". Emirates News Agency-WAM. 23 August 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref><ref>"[https://nyuad.nyu.edu/en/academics/divisions/arts-and-humanities/faculty/wole-soyinka.html Wole Soyinka | Arts Professor of Theater]". ''nyuad.nyu.edu''. New York University Abu Dhabi. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref> Omu 1976, akashohoza ekitabo kye ky'ebitebyo Ogun Abibiman, hamwe n'ekitabo ky'ebihandiiko ekiine omutwe Myth, Literature and the African World.[53] Omuri ebi, Soyinka naashwijuma oburugo bw'oburagwa omu katemba ka Afirika kandi, arikukoresa eby'okureeberaho kuruga omuri Buraaya na Afirika, naagyeragyeranisa kandi akashoboorora eby'obuhangwa. Akaha orubazo rw'omutaano aha itendekyero ry'okushwijuma Afirika aha Yunivasite ya Ghana omuri Legon. == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == ebyj42itdyie9v05830r66ue8buhnwa 7256333 7256332 2026-07-20T09:26:11Z Rooth N 2608660 7256333 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wp/nyn]] '''Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola] 2021, p.&#x20;34.</ref>''', a'''kazaarwa 13 Okwamushanju 1934) n'omuhandiiki Omunigeria, w'emizaano, kandi omuhandiiki w'ebitabo. Akahandiika ebitabo bishatu, by'ebitabo by'emigane mikye eikumi, ebitabo mushanju by'ebyevugo, ebitabo by'emizaano abiri na bitaano, hamwe n'ebitabo bitaano by'ebirikumukwataho.<ref name=":2">Gibbs, James (1986). ''Wole Soyinka''. Basingstoke: [[:en:Macmillan_Publishers|Macmillan]]. p.&#x20;3. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780333305287|9780333305287]]</bdi>.</ref> Ahandiikire ebitabo bibiri ebivunwirwe hamwe n'ebicweka bingi hamwe n'ebitebyo bikye bikye by'okuhandiikisa empapura z'amakuru hamwe n'ebitabo by'obwire bukye. Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel eky'omwaka 1986 omu by'obuhangwa ahabw'okugira ngu akaba naashwijuma "ebintu bingi ebirikukwata aha buhangwa hamwe n'orurimi rw'okwevuga ahabirikukwata aha kubaho kw'abantu".<ref>Abdullahi, Idowu (11 October 2024). "[https://punchng.com/nobel-laureate-award-exposed-me-to-danger-wole-soyinka/ Nobel Laureate award exposed me to danger]". ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Akazaarwa omu ka y'Abakurisitaayo Abayoruba omuri Aké, Abeokuta.<ref>"[https://dawncommission.org/professor-wole-soyinka/ Professor Wole Soyinka – DAWN Commission]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref><ref name=":0">"[https://wolesoyinkalecture.org/about-wole-soyinka-2/ About Wole Soyinka]". ''Wole Soyinka Lecture Series''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Soyinka akatunga obwegyese obw'okumutebeekanisa aha Government College, Ibadan kandi yaagyenda aha University College Ibadan. Omu bwire bw'obwegyese bwe, akatandikaho ekibiina kya Pyrate Confraternity.<ref name=":0" /> Soyinka akaruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza kwega aha Yunivasite ya Leeds. Omu bwire obwo, niwe yaabaire ari omuhandiiki w'akatabo ka yunivasite, The Eagle, atakabaire muhandiiki ow'obutwire omu myaka ya 1950.<ref>"[https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/wole-soyinka/ Wole Soyinka – Narrative Landscape Press]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Bungyereza, akatandika kuhandiika ebitebyo bigufu n'okukora ebihandiiko aha BBC Lecture series. Akahandiika emizaano mingi eyazaanairwe aha reediyo hamwe n'omu myanya y'emizaano omuri Nigeria hamwe na Bungyereza, okukira munonga Royal Court Theatre.<ref>"[https://livingarchive.royalcourttheatre.com/black-plays-1960s/ Black Plays 1960s]". ''Royal Court - Living Archive''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Ebitabo bya Soyinka bingi hamwe n'emizaano ye, nibiteebwaho omuri Nigeria, ekirikworeka ebyafaayo by'eihanga eryo, eby'obuhangwa, hamwe n'oburemeezi bw'eby'obutegyeki. Oyihireho emirimo egi, akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi ebirikujumiirira emitwarize mibi y'abantu omungyeri erikushetsya. Ebihandiiko ebi bikajanjaara omu bantu baingi kandi byakundwa munonga. Atungire obusinguzi n'emizaano ye, otwariiremu The Swamp Dwellers (1958), The Lion and the Jewel (1959), na The Invention (1957), omuzaano gumwe ahayabandize, ogwakoriirwe aha Royal Court Theatre. Soyinka ahandiikire ebitabo bingi, otwariiremu The Interpreters (1965), Season of Anomy (1973), Death and the King's Horseman, Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth (2021), na Harmattan Haze on an African Spring (2012). Omu Kwamushanju 2024, Bola Tinubu akahindura eiziina ry'ekishengye ky'emizaano ekya National Arts Theatre ahanyima ya Soyinka aha mazaarwa ge ag'emyaka 90. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Soyinka akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju 1934 omuri Ake, Abeokuta, Nigeria omu ka y'Abakristaayo ey'obuzaare bw'Abayoruba. Akaba ari owa kabiri omu baana mushanju[a] ba Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, omuheereza w'Abakuristayo kandi mukuru w'eishomero kuruga omu ruganda rw'obugabe orwa Isara-Remo[<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1988 Gibbs 1988], pp.&#x20;526.</ref> hamwe na Grace Soyinka (née Jenkins-Harrison), omushubuuzi kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe kuruga omu ruganda rwa Ransome-Kuti.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFMaduakor1986 Maduakor 1986], pp.&#x20;227.</ref> Nyina Grace hamwe n'ab'eka ye, aba Ransome-Kutis, bakaba bari ab'eka y'amaani omuri Nigeria<ref>Staff writer (9 May 2014). "[https://businessday.ng/family-and-relationships/article/great-dynasties-the-ransome-kutis/ Great Dynasties:The Ransome-Kutis]". ''[[:en:BusinessDay_(Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> abarikugambwaho nk'ekigarukwamu kya Nigeria aha ka ya Kennedy omuri United States. Owaabatandikireho, omusesorodooti w'Abakuristaayo J. J. Ransome-Kuti, akaba ari omuntu w'okubanza omu ihanga rye omu by'okushohoza ebyeshongoro omu myaka ya 1920.<ref>Sansom, Ian. "[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/11/fela-kuti-great-dynasties-ian-sansom Great Dynasties: The Ransome-Kutis]". ''theguardian.com''. Retrieved 17 January 2026.</ref> Kuruga 1940 kuhistya 1946, Soyinka akaba naashoma aha St. Peters Primary School, ahu ishe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eishomero.<ref>"[https://guardian.ng/art/genius-of-the-unconventional-and-the-patterning-of-dualities-wole-soyinkas-early-childhood-part-3/ Genius of the unconventional and the patterning of dualities: Wole Soyinka's early childhood]". ''T[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|he Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akashomera siniya ye Abeokuta Grammar School kandi okushoma kwe okw'okweteekateekyera Yunivasite aha Government College, Ibadan kuruga 1946 kuhisya 1951.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/soyinka-wole-1934/ Wole Soyinka (1934- )]". ''[[:en:BlackPast.org|BlackPast.org]]''. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akaheebwa omwanya omu University College Ibadan, ahu yaashomire ebyahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza, Orugriika, hamwe n'ebyafaayo by'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kuruga 1952 kuhisya 1954.<ref name=":1">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola 2021], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Omu myaka ye y'ahamuheru omu yunivasite, akahandiika omuzaano mugufu aha reediyo, Keffi's Birthday Treat, ogwashohwire omu Kwamushanju 1954 kuruga omu kitongore kya Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1980 Gibbs 1980], p.&#x20;21.</ref> Hamwe n'abeegi bagyenzi be otwariiremu Olumuyiwa Awẹ, Ralph Opara, Aig-Imoukhuede, na Pius Olegbe, akatandikaho ekibiina ekirikwetwa National Association of Seadogs, ekibiina ky'okubanza omuri Nigeria.<ref name=":1" /> Soyinka akafuruka kuruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza omuri 1954 kugumizamu n'emishomo ye omu byahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza aha Yunivasite ya Leeds arikureebererwa G. Wilson Knight.<ref>''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFEncyclopedia_Britannica2024 Encyclopedia Britannica]'' 2024.</ref> Okusharamu kw'okushoma aheeru y'eihanga omu bwire obwo obu okushoma diguri ya kabiri kyabaire kitarikubaho omuri Ibadan kikaba kiri kurabira omuri Joyce M. Green, omukazi Omungyereza owaizire omu University College, Ibadan kuruga Cambridge omuri 1950, kandi owaabaire ari omwe aha beegyesa ba Soyinka kandi owaabaire amuhaire ekihandiiko kirungi eky'okumugambaho omuri Leeds.<ref>Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi (28 July 2019). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/soyinkas-early-romance-with-england-1954-1959-a-cold-chapter-for-an-anti-form-rebel-part-1/ Soyinka's early romance with England 1954-1959: A cold chapter for an anti-form rebel]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 8 January 2026.</ref> Aha yunivasite ya Leeds, akaheereza nk'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka yunivasite akarikushetsya, The Eagle, omuri ako yaahandiika ekicweka aha magara g'eby'okushoma. Omu Kwamunaana 1955, akatandika kukwata ebyeshongoro aha BBC Lecture kandi yaahandiika ebitebyo bigufu nyingi. Omuri 1957, akasingura empaka z'okugamba ezirikubaho buri mwaka ezirikuteebwaho Yunivasite.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFLindfors1974 Lindfors 1974], pp.&#x20;471–486.</ref> == Emirimo == === 1957–1967: Omurimo gwe gw'okubanza === Soyinka akaguma omuri Leeds bwanyima y'okutunga diguri ye eya BA honours omu Rungyereza omuri 1957.<ref name=":2" /> Omu 1957, akatandika kuhandiika emizaano ye ey'okubanza, ''Swamp Dwellers'' na ''The Lion and the Jewel''. Soyinka akaza London kandi yaakora nk'omushomi w'emizaano aha Royal Court Theatre. Akebembera ekibiina kya Nigerian Drama Group ekyakozire The Swamp Dwellers omuri 1958. Omu bwire obwo, emizaano ye ebiri ekazaanwa omuri Ibadan, Nigeria. Omuri 1957, omuzaano gwe, The Invention, gukashohozibwa aha Royal Court Theatre omuri London, kandi gukaba guri omurimo gwe gw'okubanza aha.<ref>"Wole Soyinka". ''African Biography''. Detroit, MI: Gale (published 2 December 2006). 1999. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-2823-9|978-0-7876-2823-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akahandiika ebyevugo, otwariiremu "''The Immigrant''" hamwe na "''My Next Door Neighbour''", ebyareebekire omuri Black Orpheus. Omuri 1959, Soyinka akagaruka Nigeria bwanyima y'okutunga obuhwezi bwa Rockefeller Research Fellowship ahabw'okucondooza kwe aha by'emizaano ya Afirika. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe omwaka nigwo gumwe, akaza omu mwanya gwa Janheinz Jahn nk'omwe ahabahandiiki babiri bakuru ba Black Orpheus.<ref>Jacobs, Alan. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/trials-brother-jero The Trials Of Brother Jero]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu 1960, akamara omuzaano gwe ogwa reediyo Camwood on the Leaves, kandi n'omuzaano gwe ''The Trials of Brother Jero'' gukatongozibwa omu Mellanby Hall residence of University College Ibadan omu Kwakana 1960. Akakora ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Mask omu myaka ya 1960. Omuzaano gwe ogwa A Dance of The Forest, gukatongozibwa nk'omuzaano gw'eizooba ry'okwetegyeka kwa Nigeria, kandi ebiro 1 Okwaikumi 1960, gukatongozibwa omuri Lagos.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[[:en:BlackPast.org|Wole Soyinka (1934- )". ''BlackPast.org'']]. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Omuzaano gwa Soyinka ogw'okubanza ogurikwetwa My Father's Burden, gukaba nigwebemberwa Olusegun Olusola kandi gukaba nigworekwa aha Western Nigeria Television ebiro 6 Okwamunaana 1960.<ref>Uzoatu, Uzor Maxim (5 October 2013). "[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/146108-essential-soyinka-timeline-uzor-maxim-uzoatu.html The Essential Soyinka Timeline]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref> Omu 1962, Soyinka akahandiika ebihandiiko birikurwanirira okushoma n'okuhandiika omuri Nigeria omu bwire obwo otwariiremu "Death of the King's Horsemen" hamwe na "Towards a True Theater", ebyashohoziibwe omu Transition Magazine.<ref>Amayi, Zakayo (22 June 2013). "[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/standard-entertainment/article/2000086475/soyinkas-grumpy-battles-to-defend-literary-legacy Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's grumpy battles to defend literary legacy]". Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa aha Obafemi Awolowo University omuri Ifẹ. Omu 1963, firimu ye y'okubanza, Culture in Transition, ekashohozibwa. Soyinka akarekura omurimo gwe aha Yunivasite omuri 1964, nk'okwesharinga ahabw'emitwarize y'okushagika gavumenti eyateirweho ab'obushoborozi. Akagira ngu ab'obushoborozi omu yunivasite bakakwatanisa eitendekyero n'obutegyeki bwa Samuel Ladoke Akintola obwabaire butarikukundwa. Omu bwire obwo, akakora The Lion and the Jewel<ref>"[https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/critical-responses-to-african-theatre-wole-soyinkas-the-lion-and-the-jewel-by-professor-martin-banham/ Critical Responses to African Theatre: Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel by Professor Martin Banham | Black Plays Archive]". ''www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> omu siizoni y'emizaano omu Rungyereza na Yoruba hamwe n'okutandikaho The Orisun Theatre Company, guruupu ya theatre. Omu 1965, akakora omuzaano gwa gurikujumirira emitwarize mibi omungyeru erikushestya, ''Before the Blackout''.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/african-theatre-soyinka/ Review of African Theatre Soyinka: Blackout, Blowout and Beyond | Centre for African Studies (LUCAS)]". ''lucas.leeds.ac.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuzano gwe, Kongi's Harvest, gukatandika omu Kwamunaana omuri Lagos. Ebiro 14 September 1965, omuzaano gwe The Road gukatandika kworekwa omuri London aha Commonwealth Arts Festival hamwe na Theatre Royal Stratford East. Soyinka akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa mukuru aha Yunivasite ya Lagos. Juba, ekitabo kye ekisya The Interpreters kikashohozibwa André Deutsch omuri London. Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akakomwa omurundi gw'okubanza, yaajunaanwa okukwata reediyo aha mbundu akahindura akatambi k'ebigambo by'enganzi y'ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba n'akatambi akarikujunaana okwiba akaruuru. Akarekurwa bwanyima y'ameezi agamwe g'okukomwa ahabw'okwesharinga kw'abantu b'ensi yoona abahandiiki. Akahandiika n'ekitabo The Detainee, omuzaano gwa reediyo ogwashohozibwe BBC omuri London.<ref>Ezugwu, Obinna (19 July 2021). "[https://hallmarknews.com/salute-to-kongi-at-87/ Salute To Kongi At 87]". ''hallmarknews.com''. Retrieved 13 August 2022.</ref> === 1966–1968: Orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria === Bwanyima y'okuba Mukuru w'ekibiina ky'emizaano aha Yunivasite ya Ibadan, Soyinka akatandika kwejumba omu by'obutegyeki. Bwanyima y'amahe okuhamba obutegyeki omu kwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1966, akabugana omu kihama Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, gavana w'amahe ow'amashuuma g'oburugwa izooba bwa Nigeria omu kugyezaho okuzibira orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria.<ref>"[https://howng.com/professor-wole-soyinka-full-biographylife-and-news/ Professor Wole Soyinka Full Biography, Life And News]". ''howng.com''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Akaza n'omuri Ẹnugu, ahu yabugaine mugyenzi we Omuyoruba, Victor Banjọ, orikukora na gavumenti ya Biafra. Soyinka, owaashabire obushagiki bw'abeebembezi b'amahe omu kicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, akahitsya obutumwa bwa Banjo ahari Lieutenant Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo, owaabaire atoorainwe nk'omuduumizi w'amahe g'omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba. Omumwebazyo gw'akana, Soyinka agarukire omu mahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, amahe ga Biafra gakatahirira ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Bwanyima y'okutwara oburengyerwa-izooba, Soyinka akabugana Obasanjo kumugambira ekigyendererwa ky'Ababiafra ahabwokuba Obasanjo akaba yaacwiremu kwegaita aha gavumenti ya Nigeria. Kwonka okutahirira kwa Biafra ahagati yóburegyerwa eizooba kikarugamu okuhoorera okwakozirwe amahe ga gavumenti eya federo, kandi orutaro rw'omunda rukatandika. Obasanjo akashoboorora gavumenti ya Nigeria orukiiko rwe na Soyinka, yarangirira Soyinka nk'omuheekyera, n'ahabw'ekyo akakwatwa ab'obushoborozi bwa federo kandi yaakomwa kumara emyezi 22.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/07/27/wole.soyinka/index.html Wole Soyinka: Nigeria's Nobel Laureate]". ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. 1 August 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2026.</ref> Akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi n'byevugo arikujuumirira gavumenti ya Nigeria obu yaabaire ari omu kihome.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (2006), ''You Must Set Forth at Dawn'', p. 6.</ref> Omu kutandika kwa 1967, ebihandiiko bye Kongi’s Harvest na Idanre and Other Poems bikashohozibwa.<ref>"[https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/engp06/chapter/wole-soyinka-kongis-harvest/ Wole Soyinka, Kongi's Harvest – African & Caribbean Writing in English]". ''ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Ari na Tom Stoppard, akatunga ekirabo kya John Whiting omuri London. Akatooranwa kuba mukuru w'eishomero rya Drama, Yunivasite ya Ibadan kwonka akaremwa kutwara entebe egyo ahabw'okubohwa omu kwezi kwa munaana. N'obu araabe yaabaire ari omu kihome, omuzaano gwe ogurikwetwa The Lion and The Jewel gukagumizamu gwashohozibwa omuri Accra, Ghana omu Kwamwenda 1967. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Strong Breed bikashohozibwa aba Off-Broadway omu Greenwich Mews Theatre omuri New York City. Omuri 1968, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Jock Campbell-New Statesman Award. Ekibiina kya Negro Ensemble Company kikashohoza Kongi's Harvest aha St. Mark's Theatre, New York.<ref>"[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,838330,00.html Theater: Kongi's Harvest]". ''Time''. 26 April 1968. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X 0040-781X]. Retrieved 7 May 2022.</ref> Akavunuura D. O. Fagunwa's Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irunmale kuruga omu rurimi rwa Yoruba kuza omu Rungyereza. Kikashohozibwa nka The Forest of a Thousand Demons: A Hunter's Saga. === Okurekurwa n'okushohoza ebitabo. === Omu Okwaikumi 1969, emyezi mikye erikuburayo orutaro rw'omunda rukahwa, okusaasira kukarangirirwa, Soyinka hamwe n'abandi basibe b'eby'obutegyeki barekurwa.<ref>PEN America (16 April 2012). "[https://pen.org/case-histories-wole-soyinka/ Case Histories: Wole Soyinka]". ''PEN America''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omu myezi mikye y'okubanza bwanyima y'okurekurwa kwe, Soyinka akaguma aha faamu ya munywani we omu mashuuma ga Bufaransa, ahu yaasherwire kuhuumuraho wenka. Akahandiika The Bacchae of Euripides (1969), ekihandiiko kihindwiremu kushushana enfumu ya Pentheus.<ref name=":3">Killam and Rowe (eds), ''The Companion to African Literature'' (2000), p. 276.</ref> Kandi akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebyevugo omuri London, kikwetwa Poems from Prison. Aha muheru gw'omwaka, akagaruka omu ofiisi ye nk'orikukurira eby'emizaano omuri Ibadan.<ref name=":5">"[https://dailytrust.com/things-to-know-about-prof-wole-soyinka-at-89/ Things To Know About Prof Wole Soyinka At 89]". ''[[:en:Daily_Trust|Daily Trust]]''. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omu 1970, akashohoza omuzaano Kongi's Harvest, kandi omu bwire bumwe akaguhindura nk'omuzaano gwa firimu gw'eiziina niryo rimwe, Kongi's Harvest. Omu Kwamukaaga 1970, akamara omuzaano ogundi, ogurikwetwa Madmen and Specialists.<ref>Ajeluorou, Anote (25 July 2015). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/periscoping-a-senseless-war-in-madmen-and-specialists/ Periscoping A Senseless War In Madmen And Specialists]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</ref> Arikukoragana n'ekibiina ky'abazaani 15 ba Ibadan University Theatre Art Company, akagyenda United States, kureeba Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center omuri Waterford, Connecticut, ahu omuzaano gwe oguyabaire ahererukurieyo kuhandiika gwayorekirwe omurundi gwokubanza.[citation needed] Omu 1971, ekitabo kye ky'ebyevugo ekya A Shuttle in the Crypt kikashohozibwa. Madmen and Specialists kikashohozibwa omuri Ibadan omwaka ogwo.<ref>Lee, Christopher J. (25 March 2020). "[http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/reading-wole-soyinka-s-madmen-and-specialists-time-pandemic Reading Wole Soyinka's 'Madmen and Specialists' in a Time of Pandemic]". ''Warscapes''.</ref> Omu Kwakana 1971, ahabw'okwerarikirira aha mbeera y'eby'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria, Soyinka akarekura emirimo ye aha Yunivasite omuri Ibadan, kandi yaatandika emyaka mingi ayetwaire omubuzaahe. kuza omu buzaahe.<ref name=":6">Adegbamigbe, Ademola (13 July 2019). "[https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/07/13/soyinka-at-85-why-i-detained-him-for-2-years-during-civil-war-yakubu-gowon/ Soyinka at 85: 'Why I Detained Him for 2 Years During the Civil War' - Yakubu Gowon]". ''The NEWS''. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</ref> Soyinka akagyenda omuri Paris, Bufaransa, kutwara omurimo gw'okuzaana nka Patrice Lumumba, mukuru w'eihanga w'okubanza rya Repubulika ya Kongo owaisirwe, omu muzaano ogwashohozibwe Joan Littlewood omu kwakataano 1971 ogurikwetwa Murderous Angels, omuzaano gwa Conor Cruise O'Brien ogwabaire nigukwata aha buremeezi bwa Kongo.<ref name=":4">Gibbs, James. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/soyinka-wole-13-july-1934 Soyinka, Wole 1934–]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 September 2021. (Updated by [[:en:Tanure_Ojaide|Tanure Ojaide]].)</ref><ref>[[:en:Biodun_Jeyifo|Jeyifo, Biodun]] (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nwhlgrVqvYkC&q=%22Murderous+Angels%22%3D&pg=PR27 Chronology]". ''Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, and Postcolonialism''. Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;xxvii. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139439084|9781139439084]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri Paris, ebicweka kuruga omu muzaano gwa Soyinka ogurikumanywa munonga The Dance of The Forests bikazaanwa.<ref>Adenekan, Sulaiman (2016). "[https://www.tradenewswire.net/the-pride-of-africa-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-clocks-85-years-serving-humanity-poetically/ The Pride of Africa: Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka clocks 85 years serving humanity poeticall]y". ''Trade Newswire''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Omu 1972, ekitabo kye Season of Anomy hamwe na Collected Plays byona bikashohozibwa Oxford University Press. Ekihandiiko kye ky'ebirikumukwataho ekya The Man Died, ekirikurundaana ebi yaahandiikire omu kihome, nakyo kikashohozibwa omwaka ogwo.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/biographical/ Wole Soyinka | Biographical]", The Nobel Prize, 1986.</ref> Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Honoris Causa doctorate kuruga omu Yunivasite ya Leeds omuri 1973.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/honorary-degree/ Honorary Degree]", Leeds ''African Studies Bulletin'' 19 (November 1973), pp. 1–2. [Professor Soyinka receiving the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from the Chancellor, HRH the Duchess of Kent, on Thursday 17 May 1973 – image from 'Nobel Prize for Leeds Graduate', ''The Reporter'' (the University of Leeds), 258, 24 October 1986.]</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, National Theatre, London, ekashaba kandi yaatongoza omuzaano The Bacchae of Euripides,<ref name=":3" /> kandi emizaano ye Camwood on the Leaves na Jero's Metamorphosis nayo ekaba eri ey'okubanza kushohozibwa. Akamara omwaka gumwe nk'omugyenyi aha Churchill College, Cambridge<ref>Gumbel, Andrew (3 November 2005). "[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/03/theatre3 Wole Soyinka on how he came to write Death and the King's Horseman]". ''The Guardian''.</ref> (1973–74)<ref name=":4" /> kandi yaahandiika Death and the King's Horseman, ekyashomirwe omurundi gw'okubanza aha Churchill College.<ref name=":5" /> Omu 1974, Oxford University Press ekashohoza Soyinka's Collected Plays, Volume II. Akateeraho hamwe ekitabo kya 1975 Poems of Black Africa, ekyashohoziibwe nka kimwe ahakicweka kya Heinemann African Writers Series.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JtqywAEACAAJ Poems of Black Africa]'', Heinemann African Writers Series, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]. <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780435901714|9780435901714]]</bdi>.</ref> Kandi omuri 1975, Soyinka akakuzibwa yaaza aha ntebe y'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka Transition Magazine, akaabaire nikashangwa omu kibuga ekikuru ekya Ghana ekya Accra, ahu yaafurukiire.<ref name=":6" /> Akakoresa ebihandiiko bye omu magaziini kujumirira abo abarikusaasibwa munonga abairaguju (nk'eky'okureeberaho, ekicweka kye "Neo-Tarzanism: Eby'obutegyeki obwa Pseudo-Transition) hamwe n'obutegyeki bw'amahe. Akeesharinga ahabw'obutegyeki bw'amahe obwa Idi Amin omu Uganda. Bwanyima y'empindahinduka omu by'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria hamwe n'okuhenda gavumenti y'amahe eya Gowon omuri 1975, Soyinka akagaruka omu ihanga rye kandi yaagaruka omu mwanya gwe nka mukuru w'okugyeragyeranisa ebyahandiikirwe. omu Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref name=":6" /> === Okushomesa === Kuruga 1975 kuhisya 1999, Soyinka akaheereza nka Purofeesa w'ebitabo ebirikugyeragyeranisibwa aha Obafemi Awolowo University.<ref>Odinaka (31 July 2018). "[https://www.tori.ng/news/102835/the-house-prof-soyinka-lived-in-during-oau-days-tu.html The House Prof. Soyinka Lived In During OAU Days, Turned Into A Campus Museum (Photos)]". ''Tori.ng''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Amerika, akeegyesa aha Cornell University nk'omuhangu wa Goldwin Smith omu kwega aha Afirika hamwe n'eby'emizaano kuruga 1988 kuhisya 1991. Aha Yunivasite ya Emory, akatooranwa nka Robert W. Woodruff Purofeesa w'eby'emikono omuri 1996 kandi atwire ari Purofeesa w'okuhandiika omu Yunivasite ya Nevada, Las Vegas. Soyinka akaheereza scholar-in-residence omu Institute of African American Affairs eya New York University hamwe na Loyola Marymount University omuri Los Angeles, California. Akegyesa n'aha Yunivasite za Cambridge, Oxford, Harvard na Yale. Akaba ari omwegi w'amaani omu kutuura aha Yunivasite ya Duke omuri 2008.<ref>"[https://alumni.duke.edu/magazine/articles/soyinka-stage Soyinka on Stage | Nobel laureate works with student production of his play]". ''Duke Magazine''. No.&#x20;January–February 2011. 31 January 2011. Retrieved 18 April 2021.</ref> Omu Kwaikumi na kubiri 2017, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Europe Theatre Prize omu kicweka kya "Special Prize" category,<ref>Ajibade, Kunle (12 December 2017). "[https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2017/12/12/wole-soyinka-wins-europe-theatre-prize/ Wole Soyinka Wins The Europe Theatre Prize]". ''[[:en:P.M._News|P.M. News]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref><ref>"[https://www.concisenews.global/news/soyinka-wins-2017-the-europe-theatre-prize/ Soyinka Wins 2017 Europe Theatre Prize]". ''Concise News''. 15 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> ekyahairwe omuntu owaabaire "aine ekyayongyeireho omu kuhikiiriza emikoro y'eby'obuhangwa erikureetaho okwetegyereza n'okubagana amagyezi ahagati y'abantu".<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20171225034855/http://www.jamesmurua.com/wole-soyinka-to-receive-europe-theatre-prize-2017/ Wole Soyinka to receive Europe Theatre Prize 2017]". ''James Murua's Literature Blog''. 14 December 2017. Archived from the original on 25 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> Ebiro 1 September 2022, Soyinka akatwara entebe y'okuba Purofeesa w'eby'emizaano aha New York University Abu Dhabi.<ref>"[https://www.wam.ae/en/article/hszrfcet-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-joins-nyu-abu-dhabi Nobel laureate Wole Soyinka joins NYU Abu Dhabi faculty]". Emirates News Agency-WAM. 23 August 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref><ref>"[https://nyuad.nyu.edu/en/academics/divisions/arts-and-humanities/faculty/wole-soyinka.html Wole Soyinka | Arts Professor of Theater]". ''nyuad.nyu.edu''. New York University Abu Dhabi. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref> Omu 1976, akashohoza ekitabo kye ky'ebitebyo Ogun Abibiman, hamwe n'ekitabo ky'ebihandiiko ekiine omutwe Myth, Literature and the African World.[53] Omuri ebi, Soyinka naashwijuma oburugo bw'oburagwa omu katemba ka Afirika kandi, arikukoresa eby'okureeberaho kuruga omuri Buraaya na Afirika, naagyeragyeranisa kandi akashoboorora eby'obuhangwa. Akaha orubazo rw'omutaano aha itendekyero ry'okushwijuma Afirika aha Yunivasite ya Ghana omuri Legon. Omu 1977, Opera Wọnyọsi, okuhindura kwe okw'omuzzano gwa Bertolt Brecht, T''he Threepenny Opera'', gukateebwa omuri Ibadan. == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == 3m4k2h4hjx1feqm8bjlsex7pubbtoer 7256334 7256333 2026-07-20T09:28:35Z Rooth N 2608660 7256334 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wp/nyn]] '''Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola] 2021, p.&#x20;34.</ref>''', a'''kazaarwa 13 Okwamushanju 1934) n'omuhandiiki Omunigeria, w'emizaano, kandi omuhandiiki w'ebitabo. Akahandiika ebitabo bishatu, by'ebitabo by'emigane mikye eikumi, ebitabo mushanju by'ebyevugo, ebitabo by'emizaano abiri na bitaano, hamwe n'ebitabo bitaano by'ebirikumukwataho.<ref name=":2">Gibbs, James (1986). ''Wole Soyinka''. Basingstoke: [[:en:Macmillan_Publishers|Macmillan]]. p.&#x20;3. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780333305287|9780333305287]]</bdi>.</ref> Ahandiikire ebitabo bibiri ebivunwirwe hamwe n'ebicweka bingi hamwe n'ebitebyo bikye bikye by'okuhandiikisa empapura z'amakuru hamwe n'ebitabo by'obwire bukye. Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel eky'omwaka 1986 omu by'obuhangwa ahabw'okugira ngu akaba naashwijuma "ebintu bingi ebirikukwata aha buhangwa hamwe n'orurimi rw'okwevuga ahabirikukwata aha kubaho kw'abantu".<ref>Abdullahi, Idowu (11 October 2024). "[https://punchng.com/nobel-laureate-award-exposed-me-to-danger-wole-soyinka/ Nobel Laureate award exposed me to danger]". ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Akazaarwa omu ka y'Abakurisitaayo Abayoruba omuri Aké, Abeokuta.<ref>"[https://dawncommission.org/professor-wole-soyinka/ Professor Wole Soyinka – DAWN Commission]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref><ref name=":0">"[https://wolesoyinkalecture.org/about-wole-soyinka-2/ About Wole Soyinka]". ''Wole Soyinka Lecture Series''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Soyinka akatunga obwegyese obw'okumutebeekanisa aha Government College, Ibadan kandi yaagyenda aha University College Ibadan. Omu bwire bw'obwegyese bwe, akatandikaho ekibiina kya Pyrate Confraternity.<ref name=":0" /> Soyinka akaruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza kwega aha Yunivasite ya Leeds. Omu bwire obwo, niwe yaabaire ari omuhandiiki w'akatabo ka yunivasite, The Eagle, atakabaire muhandiiki ow'obutwire omu myaka ya 1950.<ref>"[https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/wole-soyinka/ Wole Soyinka – Narrative Landscape Press]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Bungyereza, akatandika kuhandiika ebitebyo bigufu n'okukora ebihandiiko aha BBC Lecture series. Akahandiika emizaano mingi eyazaanairwe aha reediyo hamwe n'omu myanya y'emizaano omuri Nigeria hamwe na Bungyereza, okukira munonga Royal Court Theatre.<ref>"[https://livingarchive.royalcourttheatre.com/black-plays-1960s/ Black Plays 1960s]". ''Royal Court - Living Archive''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Ebitabo bya Soyinka bingi hamwe n'emizaano ye, nibiteebwaho omuri Nigeria, ekirikworeka ebyafaayo by'eihanga eryo, eby'obuhangwa, hamwe n'oburemeezi bw'eby'obutegyeki. Oyihireho emirimo egi, akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi ebirikujumiirira emitwarize mibi y'abantu omungyeri erikushetsya. Ebihandiiko ebi bikajanjaara omu bantu baingi kandi byakundwa munonga. Atungire obusinguzi n'emizaano ye, otwariiremu The Swamp Dwellers (1958), The Lion and the Jewel (1959), na The Invention (1957), omuzaano gumwe ahayabandize, ogwakoriirwe aha Royal Court Theatre. Soyinka ahandiikire ebitabo bingi, otwariiremu The Interpreters (1965), Season of Anomy (1973), Death and the King's Horseman, Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth (2021), na Harmattan Haze on an African Spring (2012). Omu Kwamushanju 2024, Bola Tinubu akahindura eiziina ry'ekishengye ky'emizaano ekya National Arts Theatre ahanyima ya Soyinka aha mazaarwa ge ag'emyaka 90. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Soyinka akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju 1934 omuri Ake, Abeokuta, Nigeria omu ka y'Abakristaayo ey'obuzaare bw'Abayoruba. Akaba ari owa kabiri omu baana mushanju[a] ba Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, omuheereza w'Abakuristayo kandi mukuru w'eishomero kuruga omu ruganda rw'obugabe orwa Isara-Remo[<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1988 Gibbs 1988], pp.&#x20;526.</ref> hamwe na Grace Soyinka (née Jenkins-Harrison), omushubuuzi kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe kuruga omu ruganda rwa Ransome-Kuti.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFMaduakor1986 Maduakor 1986], pp.&#x20;227.</ref> Nyina Grace hamwe n'ab'eka ye, aba Ransome-Kutis, bakaba bari ab'eka y'amaani omuri Nigeria<ref>Staff writer (9 May 2014). "[https://businessday.ng/family-and-relationships/article/great-dynasties-the-ransome-kutis/ Great Dynasties:The Ransome-Kutis]". ''[[:en:BusinessDay_(Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> abarikugambwaho nk'ekigarukwamu kya Nigeria aha ka ya Kennedy omuri United States. Owaabatandikireho, omusesorodooti w'Abakuristaayo J. J. Ransome-Kuti, akaba ari omuntu w'okubanza omu ihanga rye omu by'okushohoza ebyeshongoro omu myaka ya 1920.<ref>Sansom, Ian. "[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/11/fela-kuti-great-dynasties-ian-sansom Great Dynasties: The Ransome-Kutis]". ''theguardian.com''. Retrieved 17 January 2026.</ref> Kuruga 1940 kuhistya 1946, Soyinka akaba naashoma aha St. Peters Primary School, ahu ishe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eishomero.<ref>"[https://guardian.ng/art/genius-of-the-unconventional-and-the-patterning-of-dualities-wole-soyinkas-early-childhood-part-3/ Genius of the unconventional and the patterning of dualities: Wole Soyinka's early childhood]". ''T[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|he Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akashomera siniya ye Abeokuta Grammar School kandi okushoma kwe okw'okweteekateekyera Yunivasite aha Government College, Ibadan kuruga 1946 kuhisya 1951.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/soyinka-wole-1934/ Wole Soyinka (1934- )]". ''[[:en:BlackPast.org|BlackPast.org]]''. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akaheebwa omwanya omu University College Ibadan, ahu yaashomire ebyahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza, Orugriika, hamwe n'ebyafaayo by'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kuruga 1952 kuhisya 1954.<ref name=":1">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola 2021], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Omu myaka ye y'ahamuheru omu yunivasite, akahandiika omuzaano mugufu aha reediyo, Keffi's Birthday Treat, ogwashohwire omu Kwamushanju 1954 kuruga omu kitongore kya Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1980 Gibbs 1980], p.&#x20;21.</ref> Hamwe n'abeegi bagyenzi be otwariiremu Olumuyiwa Awẹ, Ralph Opara, Aig-Imoukhuede, na Pius Olegbe, akatandikaho ekibiina ekirikwetwa National Association of Seadogs, ekibiina ky'okubanza omuri Nigeria.<ref name=":1" /> Soyinka akafuruka kuruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza omuri 1954 kugumizamu n'emishomo ye omu byahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza aha Yunivasite ya Leeds arikureebererwa G. Wilson Knight.<ref>''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFEncyclopedia_Britannica2024 Encyclopedia Britannica]'' 2024.</ref> Okusharamu kw'okushoma aheeru y'eihanga omu bwire obwo obu okushoma diguri ya kabiri kyabaire kitarikubaho omuri Ibadan kikaba kiri kurabira omuri Joyce M. Green, omukazi Omungyereza owaizire omu University College, Ibadan kuruga Cambridge omuri 1950, kandi owaabaire ari omwe aha beegyesa ba Soyinka kandi owaabaire amuhaire ekihandiiko kirungi eky'okumugambaho omuri Leeds.<ref>Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi (28 July 2019). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/soyinkas-early-romance-with-england-1954-1959-a-cold-chapter-for-an-anti-form-rebel-part-1/ Soyinka's early romance with England 1954-1959: A cold chapter for an anti-form rebel]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 8 January 2026.</ref> Aha yunivasite ya Leeds, akaheereza nk'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka yunivasite akarikushetsya, The Eagle, omuri ako yaahandiika ekicweka aha magara g'eby'okushoma. Omu Kwamunaana 1955, akatandika kukwata ebyeshongoro aha BBC Lecture kandi yaahandiika ebitebyo bigufu nyingi. Omuri 1957, akasingura empaka z'okugamba ezirikubaho buri mwaka ezirikuteebwaho Yunivasite.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFLindfors1974 Lindfors 1974], pp.&#x20;471–486.</ref> == Emirimo == === 1957–1967: Omurimo gwe gw'okubanza === Soyinka akaguma omuri Leeds bwanyima y'okutunga diguri ye eya BA honours omu Rungyereza omuri 1957.<ref name=":2" /> Omu 1957, akatandika kuhandiika emizaano ye ey'okubanza, ''Swamp Dwellers'' na ''The Lion and the Jewel''. Soyinka akaza London kandi yaakora nk'omushomi w'emizaano aha Royal Court Theatre. Akebembera ekibiina kya Nigerian Drama Group ekyakozire The Swamp Dwellers omuri 1958. Omu bwire obwo, emizaano ye ebiri ekazaanwa omuri Ibadan, Nigeria. Omuri 1957, omuzaano gwe, The Invention, gukashohozibwa aha Royal Court Theatre omuri London, kandi gukaba guri omurimo gwe gw'okubanza aha.<ref>"Wole Soyinka". ''African Biography''. Detroit, MI: Gale (published 2 December 2006). 1999. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-2823-9|978-0-7876-2823-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akahandiika ebyevugo, otwariiremu "''The Immigrant''" hamwe na "''My Next Door Neighbour''", ebyareebekire omuri Black Orpheus. Omuri 1959, Soyinka akagaruka Nigeria bwanyima y'okutunga obuhwezi bwa Rockefeller Research Fellowship ahabw'okucondooza kwe aha by'emizaano ya Afirika. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe omwaka nigwo gumwe, akaza omu mwanya gwa Janheinz Jahn nk'omwe ahabahandiiki babiri bakuru ba Black Orpheus.<ref>Jacobs, Alan. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/trials-brother-jero The Trials Of Brother Jero]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu 1960, akamara omuzaano gwe ogwa reediyo Camwood on the Leaves, kandi n'omuzaano gwe ''The Trials of Brother Jero'' gukatongozibwa omu Mellanby Hall residence of University College Ibadan omu Kwakana 1960. Akakora ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Mask omu myaka ya 1960. Omuzaano gwe ogwa A Dance of The Forest, gukatongozibwa nk'omuzaano gw'eizooba ry'okwetegyeka kwa Nigeria, kandi ebiro 1 Okwaikumi 1960, gukatongozibwa omuri Lagos.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[[:en:BlackPast.org|Wole Soyinka (1934- )". ''BlackPast.org'']]. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Omuzaano gwa Soyinka ogw'okubanza ogurikwetwa My Father's Burden, gukaba nigwebemberwa Olusegun Olusola kandi gukaba nigworekwa aha Western Nigeria Television ebiro 6 Okwamunaana 1960.<ref>Uzoatu, Uzor Maxim (5 October 2013). "[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/146108-essential-soyinka-timeline-uzor-maxim-uzoatu.html The Essential Soyinka Timeline]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref> Omu 1962, Soyinka akahandiika ebihandiiko birikurwanirira okushoma n'okuhandiika omuri Nigeria omu bwire obwo otwariiremu "Death of the King's Horsemen" hamwe na "Towards a True Theater", ebyashohoziibwe omu Transition Magazine.<ref>Amayi, Zakayo (22 June 2013). "[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/standard-entertainment/article/2000086475/soyinkas-grumpy-battles-to-defend-literary-legacy Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's grumpy battles to defend literary legacy]". Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa aha Obafemi Awolowo University omuri Ifẹ. Omu 1963, firimu ye y'okubanza, Culture in Transition, ekashohozibwa. Soyinka akarekura omurimo gwe aha Yunivasite omuri 1964, nk'okwesharinga ahabw'emitwarize y'okushagika gavumenti eyateirweho ab'obushoborozi. Akagira ngu ab'obushoborozi omu yunivasite bakakwatanisa eitendekyero n'obutegyeki bwa Samuel Ladoke Akintola obwabaire butarikukundwa. Omu bwire obwo, akakora The Lion and the Jewel<ref>"[https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/critical-responses-to-african-theatre-wole-soyinkas-the-lion-and-the-jewel-by-professor-martin-banham/ Critical Responses to African Theatre: Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel by Professor Martin Banham | Black Plays Archive]". ''www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> omu siizoni y'emizaano omu Rungyereza na Yoruba hamwe n'okutandikaho The Orisun Theatre Company, guruupu ya theatre. Omu 1965, akakora omuzaano gwa gurikujumirira emitwarize mibi omungyeru erikushestya, ''Before the Blackout''.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/african-theatre-soyinka/ Review of African Theatre Soyinka: Blackout, Blowout and Beyond | Centre for African Studies (LUCAS)]". ''lucas.leeds.ac.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuzano gwe, Kongi's Harvest, gukatandika omu Kwamunaana omuri Lagos. Ebiro 14 September 1965, omuzaano gwe The Road gukatandika kworekwa omuri London aha Commonwealth Arts Festival hamwe na Theatre Royal Stratford East. Soyinka akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa mukuru aha Yunivasite ya Lagos. Juba, ekitabo kye ekisya The Interpreters kikashohozibwa André Deutsch omuri London. Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akakomwa omurundi gw'okubanza, yaajunaanwa okukwata reediyo aha mbundu akahindura akatambi k'ebigambo by'enganzi y'ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba n'akatambi akarikujunaana okwiba akaruuru. Akarekurwa bwanyima y'ameezi agamwe g'okukomwa ahabw'okwesharinga kw'abantu b'ensi yoona abahandiiki. Akahandiika n'ekitabo The Detainee, omuzaano gwa reediyo ogwashohozibwe BBC omuri London.<ref>Ezugwu, Obinna (19 July 2021). "[https://hallmarknews.com/salute-to-kongi-at-87/ Salute To Kongi At 87]". ''hallmarknews.com''. Retrieved 13 August 2022.</ref> === 1966–1968: Orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria === Bwanyima y'okuba Mukuru w'ekibiina ky'emizaano aha Yunivasite ya Ibadan, Soyinka akatandika kwejumba omu by'obutegyeki. Bwanyima y'amahe okuhamba obutegyeki omu kwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1966, akabugana omu kihama Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, gavana w'amahe ow'amashuuma g'oburugwa izooba bwa Nigeria omu kugyezaho okuzibira orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria.<ref>"[https://howng.com/professor-wole-soyinka-full-biographylife-and-news/ Professor Wole Soyinka Full Biography, Life And News]". ''howng.com''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Akaza n'omuri Ẹnugu, ahu yabugaine mugyenzi we Omuyoruba, Victor Banjọ, orikukora na gavumenti ya Biafra. Soyinka, owaashabire obushagiki bw'abeebembezi b'amahe omu kicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, akahitsya obutumwa bwa Banjo ahari Lieutenant Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo, owaabaire atoorainwe nk'omuduumizi w'amahe g'omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba. Omumwebazyo gw'akana, Soyinka agarukire omu mahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, amahe ga Biafra gakatahirira ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Bwanyima y'okutwara oburengyerwa-izooba, Soyinka akabugana Obasanjo kumugambira ekigyendererwa ky'Ababiafra ahabwokuba Obasanjo akaba yaacwiremu kwegaita aha gavumenti ya Nigeria. Kwonka okutahirira kwa Biafra ahagati yóburegyerwa eizooba kikarugamu okuhoorera okwakozirwe amahe ga gavumenti eya federo, kandi orutaro rw'omunda rukatandika. Obasanjo akashoboorora gavumenti ya Nigeria orukiiko rwe na Soyinka, yarangirira Soyinka nk'omuheekyera, n'ahabw'ekyo akakwatwa ab'obushoborozi bwa federo kandi yaakomwa kumara emyezi 22.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/07/27/wole.soyinka/index.html Wole Soyinka: Nigeria's Nobel Laureate]". ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. 1 August 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2026.</ref> Akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi n'byevugo arikujuumirira gavumenti ya Nigeria obu yaabaire ari omu kihome.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (2006), ''You Must Set Forth at Dawn'', p. 6.</ref> Omu kutandika kwa 1967, ebihandiiko bye Kongi’s Harvest na Idanre and Other Poems bikashohozibwa.<ref>"[https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/engp06/chapter/wole-soyinka-kongis-harvest/ Wole Soyinka, Kongi's Harvest – African & Caribbean Writing in English]". ''ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Ari na Tom Stoppard, akatunga ekirabo kya John Whiting omuri London. Akatooranwa kuba mukuru w'eishomero rya Drama, Yunivasite ya Ibadan kwonka akaremwa kutwara entebe egyo ahabw'okubohwa omu kwezi kwa munaana. N'obu araabe yaabaire ari omu kihome, omuzaano gwe ogurikwetwa The Lion and The Jewel gukagumizamu gwashohozibwa omuri Accra, Ghana omu Kwamwenda 1967. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Strong Breed bikashohozibwa aba Off-Broadway omu Greenwich Mews Theatre omuri New York City. Omuri 1968, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Jock Campbell-New Statesman Award. Ekibiina kya Negro Ensemble Company kikashohoza Kongi's Harvest aha St. Mark's Theatre, New York.<ref>"[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,838330,00.html Theater: Kongi's Harvest]". ''Time''. 26 April 1968. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X 0040-781X]. Retrieved 7 May 2022.</ref> Akavunuura D. O. Fagunwa's Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irunmale kuruga omu rurimi rwa Yoruba kuza omu Rungyereza. Kikashohozibwa nka The Forest of a Thousand Demons: A Hunter's Saga. === Okurekurwa n'okushohoza ebitabo. === Omu Okwaikumi 1969, emyezi mikye erikuburayo orutaro rw'omunda rukahwa, okusaasira kukarangirirwa, Soyinka hamwe n'abandi basibe b'eby'obutegyeki barekurwa.<ref>PEN America (16 April 2012). "[https://pen.org/case-histories-wole-soyinka/ Case Histories: Wole Soyinka]". ''PEN America''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omu myezi mikye y'okubanza bwanyima y'okurekurwa kwe, Soyinka akaguma aha faamu ya munywani we omu mashuuma ga Bufaransa, ahu yaasherwire kuhuumuraho wenka. Akahandiika The Bacchae of Euripides (1969), ekihandiiko kihindwiremu kushushana enfumu ya Pentheus.<ref name=":3">Killam and Rowe (eds), ''The Companion to African Literature'' (2000), p. 276.</ref> Kandi akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebyevugo omuri London, kikwetwa Poems from Prison. Aha muheru gw'omwaka, akagaruka omu ofiisi ye nk'orikukurira eby'emizaano omuri Ibadan.<ref name=":5">"[https://dailytrust.com/things-to-know-about-prof-wole-soyinka-at-89/ Things To Know About Prof Wole Soyinka At 89]". ''[[:en:Daily_Trust|Daily Trust]]''. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omu 1970, akashohoza omuzaano Kongi's Harvest, kandi omu bwire bumwe akaguhindura nk'omuzaano gwa firimu gw'eiziina niryo rimwe, Kongi's Harvest. Omu Kwamukaaga 1970, akamara omuzaano ogundi, ogurikwetwa Madmen and Specialists.<ref>Ajeluorou, Anote (25 July 2015). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/periscoping-a-senseless-war-in-madmen-and-specialists/ Periscoping A Senseless War In Madmen And Specialists]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</ref> Arikukoragana n'ekibiina ky'abazaani 15 ba Ibadan University Theatre Art Company, akagyenda United States, kureeba Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center omuri Waterford, Connecticut, ahu omuzaano gwe oguyabaire ahererukurieyo kuhandiika gwayorekirwe omurundi gwokubanza.[citation needed] Omu 1971, ekitabo kye ky'ebyevugo ekya A Shuttle in the Crypt kikashohozibwa. Madmen and Specialists kikashohozibwa omuri Ibadan omwaka ogwo.<ref>Lee, Christopher J. (25 March 2020). "[http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/reading-wole-soyinka-s-madmen-and-specialists-time-pandemic Reading Wole Soyinka's 'Madmen and Specialists' in a Time of Pandemic]". ''Warscapes''.</ref> Omu Kwakana 1971, ahabw'okwerarikirira aha mbeera y'eby'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria, Soyinka akarekura emirimo ye aha Yunivasite omuri Ibadan, kandi yaatandika emyaka mingi ayetwaire omubuzaahe. kuza omu buzaahe.<ref name=":6">Adegbamigbe, Ademola (13 July 2019). "[https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/07/13/soyinka-at-85-why-i-detained-him-for-2-years-during-civil-war-yakubu-gowon/ Soyinka at 85: 'Why I Detained Him for 2 Years During the Civil War' - Yakubu Gowon]". ''The NEWS''. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</ref> Soyinka akagyenda omuri Paris, Bufaransa, kutwara omurimo gw'okuzaana nka Patrice Lumumba, mukuru w'eihanga w'okubanza rya Repubulika ya Kongo owaisirwe, omu muzaano ogwashohozibwe Joan Littlewood omu kwakataano 1971 ogurikwetwa Murderous Angels, omuzaano gwa Conor Cruise O'Brien ogwabaire nigukwata aha buremeezi bwa Kongo.<ref name=":4">Gibbs, James. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/soyinka-wole-13-july-1934 Soyinka, Wole 1934–]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 September 2021. (Updated by [[:en:Tanure_Ojaide|Tanure Ojaide]].)</ref><ref>[[:en:Biodun_Jeyifo|Jeyifo, Biodun]] (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nwhlgrVqvYkC&q=%22Murderous+Angels%22%3D&pg=PR27 Chronology]". ''Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, and Postcolonialism''. Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;xxvii. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139439084|9781139439084]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri Paris, ebicweka kuruga omu muzaano gwa Soyinka ogurikumanywa munonga The Dance of The Forests bikazaanwa.<ref>Adenekan, Sulaiman (2016). "[https://www.tradenewswire.net/the-pride-of-africa-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-clocks-85-years-serving-humanity-poetically/ The Pride of Africa: Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka clocks 85 years serving humanity poeticall]y". ''Trade Newswire''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Omu 1972, ekitabo kye Season of Anomy hamwe na Collected Plays byona bikashohozibwa Oxford University Press. Ekihandiiko kye ky'ebirikumukwataho ekya The Man Died, ekirikurundaana ebi yaahandiikire omu kihome, nakyo kikashohozibwa omwaka ogwo.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/biographical/ Wole Soyinka | Biographical]", The Nobel Prize, 1986.</ref> Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Honoris Causa doctorate kuruga omu Yunivasite ya Leeds omuri 1973.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/honorary-degree/ Honorary Degree]", Leeds ''African Studies Bulletin'' 19 (November 1973), pp. 1–2. [Professor Soyinka receiving the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from the Chancellor, HRH the Duchess of Kent, on Thursday 17 May 1973 – image from 'Nobel Prize for Leeds Graduate', ''The Reporter'' (the University of Leeds), 258, 24 October 1986.]</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, National Theatre, London, ekashaba kandi yaatongoza omuzaano The Bacchae of Euripides,<ref name=":3" /> kandi emizaano ye Camwood on the Leaves na Jero's Metamorphosis nayo ekaba eri ey'okubanza kushohozibwa. Akamara omwaka gumwe nk'omugyenyi aha Churchill College, Cambridge<ref>Gumbel, Andrew (3 November 2005). "[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/03/theatre3 Wole Soyinka on how he came to write Death and the King's Horseman]". ''The Guardian''.</ref> (1973–74)<ref name=":4" /> kandi yaahandiika Death and the King's Horseman, ekyashomirwe omurundi gw'okubanza aha Churchill College.<ref name=":5" /> Omu 1974, Oxford University Press ekashohoza Soyinka's Collected Plays, Volume II. Akateeraho hamwe ekitabo kya 1975 Poems of Black Africa, ekyashohoziibwe nka kimwe ahakicweka kya Heinemann African Writers Series.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JtqywAEACAAJ Poems of Black Africa]'', Heinemann African Writers Series, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]. <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780435901714|9780435901714]]</bdi>.</ref> Kandi omuri 1975, Soyinka akakuzibwa yaaza aha ntebe y'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka Transition Magazine, akaabaire nikashangwa omu kibuga ekikuru ekya Ghana ekya Accra, ahu yaafurukiire.<ref name=":6" /> Akakoresa ebihandiiko bye omu magaziini kujumirira abo abarikusaasibwa munonga abairaguju (nk'eky'okureeberaho, ekicweka kye "Neo-Tarzanism: Eby'obutegyeki obwa Pseudo-Transition) hamwe n'obutegyeki bw'amahe. Akeesharinga ahabw'obutegyeki bw'amahe obwa Idi Amin omu Uganda. Bwanyima y'empindahinduka omu by'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria hamwe n'okuhenda gavumenti y'amahe eya Gowon omuri 1975, Soyinka akagaruka omu ihanga rye kandi yaagaruka omu mwanya gwe nka mukuru w'okugyeragyeranisa ebyahandiikirwe. omu Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref name=":6" /> === Okushomesa === Kuruga 1975 kuhisya 1999, Soyinka akaheereza nka Purofeesa w'ebitabo ebirikugyeragyeranisibwa aha Obafemi Awolowo University.<ref>Odinaka (31 July 2018). "[https://www.tori.ng/news/102835/the-house-prof-soyinka-lived-in-during-oau-days-tu.html The House Prof. Soyinka Lived In During OAU Days, Turned Into A Campus Museum (Photos)]". ''Tori.ng''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Amerika, akeegyesa aha Cornell University nk'omuhangu wa Goldwin Smith omu kwega aha Afirika hamwe n'eby'emizaano kuruga 1988 kuhisya 1991. Aha Yunivasite ya Emory, akatooranwa nka Robert W. Woodruff Purofeesa w'eby'emikono omuri 1996 kandi atwire ari Purofeesa w'okuhandiika omu Yunivasite ya Nevada, Las Vegas. Soyinka akaheereza scholar-in-residence omu Institute of African American Affairs eya New York University hamwe na Loyola Marymount University omuri Los Angeles, California. Akegyesa n'aha Yunivasite za Cambridge, Oxford, Harvard na Yale. Akaba ari omwegi w'amaani omu kutuura aha Yunivasite ya Duke omuri 2008.<ref>"[https://alumni.duke.edu/magazine/articles/soyinka-stage Soyinka on Stage | Nobel laureate works with student production of his play]". ''Duke Magazine''. No.&#x20;January–February 2011. 31 January 2011. Retrieved 18 April 2021.</ref> Omu Kwaikumi na kubiri 2017, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Europe Theatre Prize omu kicweka kya "Special Prize" category,<ref>Ajibade, Kunle (12 December 2017). "[https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2017/12/12/wole-soyinka-wins-europe-theatre-prize/ Wole Soyinka Wins The Europe Theatre Prize]". ''[[:en:P.M._News|P.M. News]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref><ref>"[https://www.concisenews.global/news/soyinka-wins-2017-the-europe-theatre-prize/ Soyinka Wins 2017 Europe Theatre Prize]". ''Concise News''. 15 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> ekyahairwe omuntu owaabaire "aine ekyayongyeireho omu kuhikiiriza emikoro y'eby'obuhangwa erikureetaho okwetegyereza n'okubagana amagyezi ahagati y'abantu".<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20171225034855/http://www.jamesmurua.com/wole-soyinka-to-receive-europe-theatre-prize-2017/ Wole Soyinka to receive Europe Theatre Prize 2017]". ''James Murua's Literature Blog''. 14 December 2017. Archived from the original on 25 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> Ebiro 1 September 2022, Soyinka akatwara entebe y'okuba Purofeesa w'eby'emizaano aha New York University Abu Dhabi.<ref>"[https://www.wam.ae/en/article/hszrfcet-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-joins-nyu-abu-dhabi Nobel laureate Wole Soyinka joins NYU Abu Dhabi faculty]". Emirates News Agency-WAM. 23 August 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref><ref>"[https://nyuad.nyu.edu/en/academics/divisions/arts-and-humanities/faculty/wole-soyinka.html Wole Soyinka | Arts Professor of Theater]". ''nyuad.nyu.edu''. New York University Abu Dhabi. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref> Omu 1976, akashohoza ekitabo kye ky'ebitebyo Ogun Abibiman, hamwe n'ekitabo ky'ebihandiiko ekiine omutwe Myth, Literature and the African World.[53] Omuri ebi, Soyinka naashwijuma oburugo bw'oburagwa omu katemba ka Afirika kandi, arikukoresa eby'okureeberaho kuruga omuri Buraaya na Afirika, naagyeragyeranisa kandi akashoboorora eby'obuhangwa. Akaha orubazo rw'omutaano aha itendekyero ry'okushwijuma Afirika aha Yunivasite ya Ghana omuri Legon. Omu 1977, Opera Wọnyọsi, okuhindura kwe okw'omuzzano gwa Bertolt Brecht, T''he Threepenny Opera'', gukazaanira omuri Ibadan. Omu 1979, Soyinka akebembera kandi yazaana omu muzaano gwa Jon Blair na Norman Fenton ogurikwetwa The Biko Inquest, omzaano ogurikwegamira aha magara ga Steve Biko, omwegi wa South Africa kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe bw'abantu owaateirwe akafa ahabwa pooriisi y'omuri South Africa eyabaire neekuratira engyenderwaho y'okushoroora omu bantu. == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == pnr3fukj5u50hd8ix0iqswt54muxna3 7256335 7256334 2026-07-20T09:29:49Z Rooth N 2608660 7256335 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wp/nyn]] '''Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola] 2021, p.&#x20;34.</ref>''', a'''kazaarwa 13 Okwamushanju 1934) n'omuhandiiki Omunigeria, w'emizaano, kandi omuhandiiki w'ebitabo. Akahandiika ebitabo bishatu, by'ebitabo by'emigane mikye eikumi, ebitabo mushanju by'ebyevugo, ebitabo by'emizaano abiri na bitaano, hamwe n'ebitabo bitaano by'ebirikumukwataho.<ref name=":2">Gibbs, James (1986). ''Wole Soyinka''. Basingstoke: [[:en:Macmillan_Publishers|Macmillan]]. p.&#x20;3. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780333305287|9780333305287]]</bdi>.</ref> Ahandiikire ebitabo bibiri ebivunwirwe hamwe n'ebicweka bingi hamwe n'ebitebyo bikye bikye by'okuhandiikisa empapura z'amakuru hamwe n'ebitabo by'obwire bukye. Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel eky'omwaka 1986 omu by'obuhangwa ahabw'okugira ngu akaba naashwijuma "ebintu bingi ebirikukwata aha buhangwa hamwe n'orurimi rw'okwevuga ahabirikukwata aha kubaho kw'abantu".<ref>Abdullahi, Idowu (11 October 2024). "[https://punchng.com/nobel-laureate-award-exposed-me-to-danger-wole-soyinka/ Nobel Laureate award exposed me to danger]". ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Akazaarwa omu ka y'Abakurisitaayo Abayoruba omuri Aké, Abeokuta.<ref>"[https://dawncommission.org/professor-wole-soyinka/ Professor Wole Soyinka – DAWN Commission]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref><ref name=":0">"[https://wolesoyinkalecture.org/about-wole-soyinka-2/ About Wole Soyinka]". ''Wole Soyinka Lecture Series''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Soyinka akatunga obwegyese obw'okumutebeekanisa aha Government College, Ibadan kandi yaagyenda aha University College Ibadan. Omu bwire bw'obwegyese bwe, akatandikaho ekibiina kya Pyrate Confraternity.<ref name=":0" /> Soyinka akaruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza kwega aha Yunivasite ya Leeds. Omu bwire obwo, niwe yaabaire ari omuhandiiki w'akatabo ka yunivasite, The Eagle, atakabaire muhandiiki ow'obutwire omu myaka ya 1950.<ref>"[https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/wole-soyinka/ Wole Soyinka – Narrative Landscape Press]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Bungyereza, akatandika kuhandiika ebitebyo bigufu n'okukora ebihandiiko aha BBC Lecture series. Akahandiika emizaano mingi eyazaanairwe aha reediyo hamwe n'omu myanya y'emizaano omuri Nigeria hamwe na Bungyereza, okukira munonga Royal Court Theatre.<ref>"[https://livingarchive.royalcourttheatre.com/black-plays-1960s/ Black Plays 1960s]". ''Royal Court - Living Archive''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Ebitabo bya Soyinka bingi hamwe n'emizaano ye, nibiteebwaho omuri Nigeria, ekirikworeka ebyafaayo by'eihanga eryo, eby'obuhangwa, hamwe n'oburemeezi bw'eby'obutegyeki. Oyihireho emirimo egi, akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi ebirikujumiirira emitwarize mibi y'abantu omungyeri erikushetsya. Ebihandiiko ebi bikajanjaara omu bantu baingi kandi byakundwa munonga. Atungire obusinguzi n'emizaano ye, otwariiremu The Swamp Dwellers (1958), The Lion and the Jewel (1959), na The Invention (1957), omuzaano gumwe ahayabandize, ogwakoriirwe aha Royal Court Theatre. Soyinka ahandiikire ebitabo bingi, otwariiremu The Interpreters (1965), Season of Anomy (1973), Death and the King's Horseman, Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth (2021), na Harmattan Haze on an African Spring (2012). Omu Kwamushanju 2024, Bola Tinubu akahindura eiziina ry'ekishengye ky'emizaano ekya National Arts Theatre ahanyima ya Soyinka aha mazaarwa ge ag'emyaka 90. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Soyinka akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju 1934 omuri Ake, Abeokuta, Nigeria omu ka y'Abakristaayo ey'obuzaare bw'Abayoruba. Akaba ari owa kabiri omu baana mushanju[a] ba Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, omuheereza w'Abakuristayo kandi mukuru w'eishomero kuruga omu ruganda rw'obugabe orwa Isara-Remo[<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1988 Gibbs 1988], pp.&#x20;526.</ref> hamwe na Grace Soyinka (née Jenkins-Harrison), omushubuuzi kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe kuruga omu ruganda rwa Ransome-Kuti.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFMaduakor1986 Maduakor 1986], pp.&#x20;227.</ref> Nyina Grace hamwe n'ab'eka ye, aba Ransome-Kutis, bakaba bari ab'eka y'amaani omuri Nigeria<ref>Staff writer (9 May 2014). "[https://businessday.ng/family-and-relationships/article/great-dynasties-the-ransome-kutis/ Great Dynasties:The Ransome-Kutis]". ''[[:en:BusinessDay_(Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> abarikugambwaho nk'ekigarukwamu kya Nigeria aha ka ya Kennedy omuri United States. Owaabatandikireho, omusesorodooti w'Abakuristaayo J. J. Ransome-Kuti, akaba ari omuntu w'okubanza omu ihanga rye omu by'okushohoza ebyeshongoro omu myaka ya 1920.<ref>Sansom, Ian. "[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/11/fela-kuti-great-dynasties-ian-sansom Great Dynasties: The Ransome-Kutis]". ''theguardian.com''. Retrieved 17 January 2026.</ref> Kuruga 1940 kuhistya 1946, Soyinka akaba naashoma aha St. Peters Primary School, ahu ishe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eishomero.<ref>"[https://guardian.ng/art/genius-of-the-unconventional-and-the-patterning-of-dualities-wole-soyinkas-early-childhood-part-3/ Genius of the unconventional and the patterning of dualities: Wole Soyinka's early childhood]". ''T[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|he Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akashomera siniya ye Abeokuta Grammar School kandi okushoma kwe okw'okweteekateekyera Yunivasite aha Government College, Ibadan kuruga 1946 kuhisya 1951.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/soyinka-wole-1934/ Wole Soyinka (1934- )]". ''[[:en:BlackPast.org|BlackPast.org]]''. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akaheebwa omwanya omu University College Ibadan, ahu yaashomire ebyahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza, Orugriika, hamwe n'ebyafaayo by'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kuruga 1952 kuhisya 1954.<ref name=":1">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola 2021], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Omu myaka ye y'ahamuheru omu yunivasite, akahandiika omuzaano mugufu aha reediyo, Keffi's Birthday Treat, ogwashohwire omu Kwamushanju 1954 kuruga omu kitongore kya Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1980 Gibbs 1980], p.&#x20;21.</ref> Hamwe n'abeegi bagyenzi be otwariiremu Olumuyiwa Awẹ, Ralph Opara, Aig-Imoukhuede, na Pius Olegbe, akatandikaho ekibiina ekirikwetwa National Association of Seadogs, ekibiina ky'okubanza omuri Nigeria.<ref name=":1" /> Soyinka akafuruka kuruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza omuri 1954 kugumizamu n'emishomo ye omu byahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza aha Yunivasite ya Leeds arikureebererwa G. Wilson Knight.<ref>''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFEncyclopedia_Britannica2024 Encyclopedia Britannica]'' 2024.</ref> Okusharamu kw'okushoma aheeru y'eihanga omu bwire obwo obu okushoma diguri ya kabiri kyabaire kitarikubaho omuri Ibadan kikaba kiri kurabira omuri Joyce M. Green, omukazi Omungyereza owaizire omu University College, Ibadan kuruga Cambridge omuri 1950, kandi owaabaire ari omwe aha beegyesa ba Soyinka kandi owaabaire amuhaire ekihandiiko kirungi eky'okumugambaho omuri Leeds.<ref>Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi (28 July 2019). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/soyinkas-early-romance-with-england-1954-1959-a-cold-chapter-for-an-anti-form-rebel-part-1/ Soyinka's early romance with England 1954-1959: A cold chapter for an anti-form rebel]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 8 January 2026.</ref> Aha yunivasite ya Leeds, akaheereza nk'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka yunivasite akarikushetsya, The Eagle, omuri ako yaahandiika ekicweka aha magara g'eby'okushoma. Omu Kwamunaana 1955, akatandika kukwata ebyeshongoro aha BBC Lecture kandi yaahandiika ebitebyo bigufu nyingi. Omuri 1957, akasingura empaka z'okugamba ezirikubaho buri mwaka ezirikuteebwaho Yunivasite.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFLindfors1974 Lindfors 1974], pp.&#x20;471–486.</ref> == Emirimo == === 1957–1967: Omurimo gwe gw'okubanza === Soyinka akaguma omuri Leeds bwanyima y'okutunga diguri ye eya BA honours omu Rungyereza omuri 1957.<ref name=":2" /> Omu 1957, akatandika kuhandiika emizaano ye ey'okubanza, ''Swamp Dwellers'' na ''The Lion and the Jewel''. Soyinka akaza London kandi yaakora nk'omushomi w'emizaano aha Royal Court Theatre. Akebembera ekibiina kya Nigerian Drama Group ekyakozire The Swamp Dwellers omuri 1958. Omu bwire obwo, emizaano ye ebiri ekazaanwa omuri Ibadan, Nigeria. Omuri 1957, omuzaano gwe, The Invention, gukashohozibwa aha Royal Court Theatre omuri London, kandi gukaba guri omurimo gwe gw'okubanza aha.<ref>"Wole Soyinka". ''African Biography''. Detroit, MI: Gale (published 2 December 2006). 1999. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-2823-9|978-0-7876-2823-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akahandiika ebyevugo, otwariiremu "''The Immigrant''" hamwe na "''My Next Door Neighbour''", ebyareebekire omuri Black Orpheus. Omuri 1959, Soyinka akagaruka Nigeria bwanyima y'okutunga obuhwezi bwa Rockefeller Research Fellowship ahabw'okucondooza kwe aha by'emizaano ya Afirika. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe omwaka nigwo gumwe, akaza omu mwanya gwa Janheinz Jahn nk'omwe ahabahandiiki babiri bakuru ba Black Orpheus.<ref>Jacobs, Alan. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/trials-brother-jero The Trials Of Brother Jero]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu 1960, akamara omuzaano gwe ogwa reediyo Camwood on the Leaves, kandi n'omuzaano gwe ''The Trials of Brother Jero'' gukatongozibwa omu Mellanby Hall residence of University College Ibadan omu Kwakana 1960. Akakora ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Mask omu myaka ya 1960. Omuzaano gwe ogwa A Dance of The Forest, gukatongozibwa nk'omuzaano gw'eizooba ry'okwetegyeka kwa Nigeria, kandi ebiro 1 Okwaikumi 1960, gukatongozibwa omuri Lagos.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[[:en:BlackPast.org|Wole Soyinka (1934- )". ''BlackPast.org'']]. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Omuzaano gwa Soyinka ogw'okubanza ogurikwetwa My Father's Burden, gukaba nigwebemberwa Olusegun Olusola kandi gukaba nigworekwa aha Western Nigeria Television ebiro 6 Okwamunaana 1960.<ref>Uzoatu, Uzor Maxim (5 October 2013). "[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/146108-essential-soyinka-timeline-uzor-maxim-uzoatu.html The Essential Soyinka Timeline]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref> Omu 1962, Soyinka akahandiika ebihandiiko birikurwanirira okushoma n'okuhandiika omuri Nigeria omu bwire obwo otwariiremu "Death of the King's Horsemen" hamwe na "Towards a True Theater", ebyashohoziibwe omu Transition Magazine.<ref>Amayi, Zakayo (22 June 2013). "[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/standard-entertainment/article/2000086475/soyinkas-grumpy-battles-to-defend-literary-legacy Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's grumpy battles to defend literary legacy]". Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa aha Obafemi Awolowo University omuri Ifẹ. Omu 1963, firimu ye y'okubanza, Culture in Transition, ekashohozibwa. Soyinka akarekura omurimo gwe aha Yunivasite omuri 1964, nk'okwesharinga ahabw'emitwarize y'okushagika gavumenti eyateirweho ab'obushoborozi. Akagira ngu ab'obushoborozi omu yunivasite bakakwatanisa eitendekyero n'obutegyeki bwa Samuel Ladoke Akintola obwabaire butarikukundwa. Omu bwire obwo, akakora The Lion and the Jewel<ref>"[https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/critical-responses-to-african-theatre-wole-soyinkas-the-lion-and-the-jewel-by-professor-martin-banham/ Critical Responses to African Theatre: Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel by Professor Martin Banham | Black Plays Archive]". ''www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> omu siizoni y'emizaano omu Rungyereza na Yoruba hamwe n'okutandikaho The Orisun Theatre Company, guruupu ya theatre. Omu 1965, akakora omuzaano gwa gurikujumirira emitwarize mibi omungyeru erikushestya, ''Before the Blackout''.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/african-theatre-soyinka/ Review of African Theatre Soyinka: Blackout, Blowout and Beyond | Centre for African Studies (LUCAS)]". ''lucas.leeds.ac.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuzano gwe, Kongi's Harvest, gukatandika omu Kwamunaana omuri Lagos. Ebiro 14 September 1965, omuzaano gwe The Road gukatandika kworekwa omuri London aha Commonwealth Arts Festival hamwe na Theatre Royal Stratford East. Soyinka akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa mukuru aha Yunivasite ya Lagos. Juba, ekitabo kye ekisya The Interpreters kikashohozibwa André Deutsch omuri London. Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akakomwa omurundi gw'okubanza, yaajunaanwa okukwata reediyo aha mbundu akahindura akatambi k'ebigambo by'enganzi y'ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba n'akatambi akarikujunaana okwiba akaruuru. Akarekurwa bwanyima y'ameezi agamwe g'okukomwa ahabw'okwesharinga kw'abantu b'ensi yoona abahandiiki. Akahandiika n'ekitabo The Detainee, omuzaano gwa reediyo ogwashohozibwe BBC omuri London.<ref>Ezugwu, Obinna (19 July 2021). "[https://hallmarknews.com/salute-to-kongi-at-87/ Salute To Kongi At 87]". ''hallmarknews.com''. Retrieved 13 August 2022.</ref> === 1966–1968: Orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria === Bwanyima y'okuba Mukuru w'ekibiina ky'emizaano aha Yunivasite ya Ibadan, Soyinka akatandika kwejumba omu by'obutegyeki. Bwanyima y'amahe okuhamba obutegyeki omu kwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1966, akabugana omu kihama Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, gavana w'amahe ow'amashuuma g'oburugwa izooba bwa Nigeria omu kugyezaho okuzibira orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria.<ref>"[https://howng.com/professor-wole-soyinka-full-biographylife-and-news/ Professor Wole Soyinka Full Biography, Life And News]". ''howng.com''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Akaza n'omuri Ẹnugu, ahu yabugaine mugyenzi we Omuyoruba, Victor Banjọ, orikukora na gavumenti ya Biafra. Soyinka, owaashabire obushagiki bw'abeebembezi b'amahe omu kicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, akahitsya obutumwa bwa Banjo ahari Lieutenant Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo, owaabaire atoorainwe nk'omuduumizi w'amahe g'omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba. Omumwebazyo gw'akana, Soyinka agarukire omu mahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, amahe ga Biafra gakatahirira ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Bwanyima y'okutwara oburengyerwa-izooba, Soyinka akabugana Obasanjo kumugambira ekigyendererwa ky'Ababiafra ahabwokuba Obasanjo akaba yaacwiremu kwegaita aha gavumenti ya Nigeria. Kwonka okutahirira kwa Biafra ahagati yóburegyerwa eizooba kikarugamu okuhoorera okwakozirwe amahe ga gavumenti eya federo, kandi orutaro rw'omunda rukatandika. Obasanjo akashoboorora gavumenti ya Nigeria orukiiko rwe na Soyinka, yarangirira Soyinka nk'omuheekyera, n'ahabw'ekyo akakwatwa ab'obushoborozi bwa federo kandi yaakomwa kumara emyezi 22.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/07/27/wole.soyinka/index.html Wole Soyinka: Nigeria's Nobel Laureate]". ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. 1 August 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2026.</ref> Akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi n'byevugo arikujuumirira gavumenti ya Nigeria obu yaabaire ari omu kihome.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (2006), ''You Must Set Forth at Dawn'', p. 6.</ref> Omu kutandika kwa 1967, ebihandiiko bye Kongi’s Harvest na Idanre and Other Poems bikashohozibwa.<ref>"[https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/engp06/chapter/wole-soyinka-kongis-harvest/ Wole Soyinka, Kongi's Harvest – African & Caribbean Writing in English]". ''ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Ari na Tom Stoppard, akatunga ekirabo kya John Whiting omuri London. Akatooranwa kuba mukuru w'eishomero rya Drama, Yunivasite ya Ibadan kwonka akaremwa kutwara entebe egyo ahabw'okubohwa omu kwezi kwa munaana. N'obu araabe yaabaire ari omu kihome, omuzaano gwe ogurikwetwa The Lion and The Jewel gukagumizamu gwashohozibwa omuri Accra, Ghana omu Kwamwenda 1967. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Strong Breed bikashohozibwa aba Off-Broadway omu Greenwich Mews Theatre omuri New York City. Omuri 1968, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Jock Campbell-New Statesman Award. Ekibiina kya Negro Ensemble Company kikashohoza Kongi's Harvest aha St. Mark's Theatre, New York.<ref>"[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,838330,00.html Theater: Kongi's Harvest]". ''Time''. 26 April 1968. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X 0040-781X]. Retrieved 7 May 2022.</ref> Akavunuura D. O. Fagunwa's Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irunmale kuruga omu rurimi rwa Yoruba kuza omu Rungyereza. Kikashohozibwa nka The Forest of a Thousand Demons: A Hunter's Saga. === Okurekurwa n'okushohoza ebitabo. === Omu Okwaikumi 1969, emyezi mikye erikuburayo orutaro rw'omunda rukahwa, okusaasira kukarangirirwa, Soyinka hamwe n'abandi basibe b'eby'obutegyeki barekurwa.<ref>PEN America (16 April 2012). "[https://pen.org/case-histories-wole-soyinka/ Case Histories: Wole Soyinka]". ''PEN America''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omu myezi mikye y'okubanza bwanyima y'okurekurwa kwe, Soyinka akaguma aha faamu ya munywani we omu mashuuma ga Bufaransa, ahu yaasherwire kuhuumuraho wenka. Akahandiika The Bacchae of Euripides (1969), ekihandiiko kihindwiremu kushushana enfumu ya Pentheus.<ref name=":3">Killam and Rowe (eds), ''The Companion to African Literature'' (2000), p. 276.</ref> Kandi akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebyevugo omuri London, kikwetwa Poems from Prison. Aha muheru gw'omwaka, akagaruka omu ofiisi ye nk'orikukurira eby'emizaano omuri Ibadan.<ref name=":5">"[https://dailytrust.com/things-to-know-about-prof-wole-soyinka-at-89/ Things To Know About Prof Wole Soyinka At 89]". ''[[:en:Daily_Trust|Daily Trust]]''. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omu 1970, akashohoza omuzaano Kongi's Harvest, kandi omu bwire bumwe akaguhindura nk'omuzaano gwa firimu gw'eiziina niryo rimwe, Kongi's Harvest. Omu Kwamukaaga 1970, akamara omuzaano ogundi, ogurikwetwa Madmen and Specialists.<ref>Ajeluorou, Anote (25 July 2015). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/periscoping-a-senseless-war-in-madmen-and-specialists/ Periscoping A Senseless War In Madmen And Specialists]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</ref> Arikukoragana n'ekibiina ky'abazaani 15 ba Ibadan University Theatre Art Company, akagyenda United States, kureeba Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center omuri Waterford, Connecticut, ahu omuzaano gwe oguyabaire ahererukurieyo kuhandiika gwayorekirwe omurundi gwokubanza.[citation needed] Omu 1971, ekitabo kye ky'ebyevugo ekya A Shuttle in the Crypt kikashohozibwa. Madmen and Specialists kikashohozibwa omuri Ibadan omwaka ogwo.<ref>Lee, Christopher J. (25 March 2020). "[http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/reading-wole-soyinka-s-madmen-and-specialists-time-pandemic Reading Wole Soyinka's 'Madmen and Specialists' in a Time of Pandemic]". ''Warscapes''.</ref> Omu Kwakana 1971, ahabw'okwerarikirira aha mbeera y'eby'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria, Soyinka akarekura emirimo ye aha Yunivasite omuri Ibadan, kandi yaatandika emyaka mingi ayetwaire omubuzaahe. kuza omu buzaahe.<ref name=":6">Adegbamigbe, Ademola (13 July 2019). "[https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/07/13/soyinka-at-85-why-i-detained-him-for-2-years-during-civil-war-yakubu-gowon/ Soyinka at 85: 'Why I Detained Him for 2 Years During the Civil War' - Yakubu Gowon]". ''The NEWS''. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</ref> Soyinka akagyenda omuri Paris, Bufaransa, kutwara omurimo gw'okuzaana nka Patrice Lumumba, mukuru w'eihanga w'okubanza rya Repubulika ya Kongo owaisirwe, omu muzaano ogwashohozibwe Joan Littlewood omu kwakataano 1971 ogurikwetwa Murderous Angels, omuzaano gwa Conor Cruise O'Brien ogwabaire nigukwata aha buremeezi bwa Kongo.<ref name=":4">Gibbs, James. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/soyinka-wole-13-july-1934 Soyinka, Wole 1934–]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 September 2021. (Updated by [[:en:Tanure_Ojaide|Tanure Ojaide]].)</ref><ref>[[:en:Biodun_Jeyifo|Jeyifo, Biodun]] (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nwhlgrVqvYkC&q=%22Murderous+Angels%22%3D&pg=PR27 Chronology]". ''Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, and Postcolonialism''. Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;xxvii. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139439084|9781139439084]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri Paris, ebicweka kuruga omu muzaano gwa Soyinka ogurikumanywa munonga The Dance of The Forests bikazaanwa.<ref>Adenekan, Sulaiman (2016). "[https://www.tradenewswire.net/the-pride-of-africa-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-clocks-85-years-serving-humanity-poetically/ The Pride of Africa: Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka clocks 85 years serving humanity poeticall]y". ''Trade Newswire''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Omu 1972, ekitabo kye Season of Anomy hamwe na Collected Plays byona bikashohozibwa Oxford University Press. Ekihandiiko kye ky'ebirikumukwataho ekya The Man Died, ekirikurundaana ebi yaahandiikire omu kihome, nakyo kikashohozibwa omwaka ogwo.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/biographical/ Wole Soyinka | Biographical]", The Nobel Prize, 1986.</ref> Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Honoris Causa doctorate kuruga omu Yunivasite ya Leeds omuri 1973.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/honorary-degree/ Honorary Degree]", Leeds ''African Studies Bulletin'' 19 (November 1973), pp. 1–2. [Professor Soyinka receiving the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from the Chancellor, HRH the Duchess of Kent, on Thursday 17 May 1973 – image from 'Nobel Prize for Leeds Graduate', ''The Reporter'' (the University of Leeds), 258, 24 October 1986.]</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, National Theatre, London, ekashaba kandi yaatongoza omuzaano The Bacchae of Euripides,<ref name=":3" /> kandi emizaano ye Camwood on the Leaves na Jero's Metamorphosis nayo ekaba eri ey'okubanza kushohozibwa. Akamara omwaka gumwe nk'omugyenyi aha Churchill College, Cambridge<ref>Gumbel, Andrew (3 November 2005). "[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/03/theatre3 Wole Soyinka on how he came to write Death and the King's Horseman]". ''The Guardian''.</ref> (1973–74)<ref name=":4" /> kandi yaahandiika Death and the King's Horseman, ekyashomirwe omurundi gw'okubanza aha Churchill College.<ref name=":5" /> Omu 1974, Oxford University Press ekashohoza Soyinka's Collected Plays, Volume II. Akateeraho hamwe ekitabo kya 1975 Poems of Black Africa, ekyashohoziibwe nka kimwe ahakicweka kya Heinemann African Writers Series.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JtqywAEACAAJ Poems of Black Africa]'', Heinemann African Writers Series, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]. <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780435901714|9780435901714]]</bdi>.</ref> Kandi omuri 1975, Soyinka akakuzibwa yaaza aha ntebe y'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka Transition Magazine, akaabaire nikashangwa omu kibuga ekikuru ekya Ghana ekya Accra, ahu yaafurukiire.<ref name=":6" /> Akakoresa ebihandiiko bye omu magaziini kujumirira abo abarikusaasibwa munonga abairaguju (nk'eky'okureeberaho, ekicweka kye "Neo-Tarzanism: Eby'obutegyeki obwa Pseudo-Transition) hamwe n'obutegyeki bw'amahe. Akeesharinga ahabw'obutegyeki bw'amahe obwa Idi Amin omu Uganda. Bwanyima y'empindahinduka omu by'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria hamwe n'okuhenda gavumenti y'amahe eya Gowon omuri 1975, Soyinka akagaruka omu ihanga rye kandi yaagaruka omu mwanya gwe nka mukuru w'okugyeragyeranisa ebyahandiikirwe. omu Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref name=":6" /> === Okushomesa === Kuruga 1975 kuhisya 1999, Soyinka akaheereza nka Purofeesa w'ebitabo ebirikugyeragyeranisibwa aha Obafemi Awolowo University.<ref>Odinaka (31 July 2018). "[https://www.tori.ng/news/102835/the-house-prof-soyinka-lived-in-during-oau-days-tu.html The House Prof. Soyinka Lived In During OAU Days, Turned Into A Campus Museum (Photos)]". ''Tori.ng''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Amerika, akeegyesa aha Cornell University nk'omuhangu wa Goldwin Smith omu kwega aha Afirika hamwe n'eby'emizaano kuruga 1988 kuhisya 1991. Aha Yunivasite ya Emory, akatooranwa nka Robert W. Woodruff Purofeesa w'eby'emikono omuri 1996 kandi atwire ari Purofeesa w'okuhandiika omu Yunivasite ya Nevada, Las Vegas. Soyinka akaheereza scholar-in-residence omu Institute of African American Affairs eya New York University hamwe na Loyola Marymount University omuri Los Angeles, California. Akegyesa n'aha Yunivasite za Cambridge, Oxford, Harvard na Yale. Akaba ari omwegi w'amaani omu kutuura aha Yunivasite ya Duke omuri 2008.<ref>"[https://alumni.duke.edu/magazine/articles/soyinka-stage Soyinka on Stage | Nobel laureate works with student production of his play]". ''Duke Magazine''. No.&#x20;January–February 2011. 31 January 2011. Retrieved 18 April 2021.</ref> Omu Kwaikumi na kubiri 2017, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Europe Theatre Prize omu kicweka kya "Special Prize" category,<ref>Ajibade, Kunle (12 December 2017). "[https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2017/12/12/wole-soyinka-wins-europe-theatre-prize/ Wole Soyinka Wins The Europe Theatre Prize]". ''[[:en:P.M._News|P.M. News]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref><ref>"[https://www.concisenews.global/news/soyinka-wins-2017-the-europe-theatre-prize/ Soyinka Wins 2017 Europe Theatre Prize]". ''Concise News''. 15 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> ekyahairwe omuntu owaabaire "aine ekyayongyeireho omu kuhikiiriza emikoro y'eby'obuhangwa erikureetaho okwetegyereza n'okubagana amagyezi ahagati y'abantu".<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20171225034855/http://www.jamesmurua.com/wole-soyinka-to-receive-europe-theatre-prize-2017/ Wole Soyinka to receive Europe Theatre Prize 2017]". ''James Murua's Literature Blog''. 14 December 2017. Archived from the original on 25 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> Ebiro 1 September 2022, Soyinka akatwara entebe y'okuba Purofeesa w'eby'emizaano aha New York University Abu Dhabi.<ref>"[https://www.wam.ae/en/article/hszrfcet-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-joins-nyu-abu-dhabi Nobel laureate Wole Soyinka joins NYU Abu Dhabi faculty]". Emirates News Agency-WAM. 23 August 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref><ref>"[https://nyuad.nyu.edu/en/academics/divisions/arts-and-humanities/faculty/wole-soyinka.html Wole Soyinka | Arts Professor of Theater]". ''nyuad.nyu.edu''. New York University Abu Dhabi. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref> Omu 1976, akashohoza ekitabo kye ky'ebitebyo Ogun Abibiman, hamwe n'ekitabo ky'ebihandiiko ekiine omutwe Myth, Literature and the African World.[53] Omuri ebi, Soyinka naashwijuma oburugo bw'oburagwa omu katemba ka Afirika kandi, arikukoresa eby'okureeberaho kuruga omuri Buraaya na Afirika, naagyeragyeranisa kandi akashoboorora eby'obuhangwa. Akaha orubazo rw'omutaano aha itendekyero ry'okushwijuma Afirika aha Yunivasite ya Ghana omuri Legon. Omu 1977, Opera Wọnyọsi, okuhindura kwe okw'omuzzano gwa Bertolt Brecht, T''he Threepenny Opera'', gukazaanira omuri Ibadan. Omu 1979, Soyinka akebembera kandi yazaana omu muzaano gwa Jon Blair na Norman Fenton ogurikwetwa The Biko Inquest, omzaano ogurikwegamira aha magara ga Steve Biko, omwegi wa South Africa kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe bw'abantu owaateirwe akafa ahabwa pooriisi y'omuri South Africa eyabaire neekuratira engyenderwaho y'okushoroora omu bantu. Omu 1981 Soyinka akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebirikumukwataho Aké: The Years of Childhood, ekyasingire ekirabo kya 1983 Anisfield-Wolf Book Award.[55] == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == l01ojbqf3ck491oo2jpaq4km1pvec7w 7256336 7256335 2026-07-20T09:30:56Z Rooth N 2608660 7256336 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wp/nyn]] '''Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola] 2021, p.&#x20;34.</ref>''', a'''kazaarwa 13 Okwamushanju 1934) n'omuhandiiki Omunigeria, w'emizaano, kandi omuhandiiki w'ebitabo. Akahandiika ebitabo bishatu, by'ebitabo by'emigane mikye eikumi, ebitabo mushanju by'ebyevugo, ebitabo by'emizaano abiri na bitaano, hamwe n'ebitabo bitaano by'ebirikumukwataho.<ref name=":2">Gibbs, James (1986). ''Wole Soyinka''. Basingstoke: [[:en:Macmillan_Publishers|Macmillan]]. p.&#x20;3. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780333305287|9780333305287]]</bdi>.</ref> Ahandiikire ebitabo bibiri ebivunwirwe hamwe n'ebicweka bingi hamwe n'ebitebyo bikye bikye by'okuhandiikisa empapura z'amakuru hamwe n'ebitabo by'obwire bukye. Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel eky'omwaka 1986 omu by'obuhangwa ahabw'okugira ngu akaba naashwijuma "ebintu bingi ebirikukwata aha buhangwa hamwe n'orurimi rw'okwevuga ahabirikukwata aha kubaho kw'abantu".<ref>Abdullahi, Idowu (11 October 2024). "[https://punchng.com/nobel-laureate-award-exposed-me-to-danger-wole-soyinka/ Nobel Laureate award exposed me to danger]". ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Akazaarwa omu ka y'Abakurisitaayo Abayoruba omuri Aké, Abeokuta.<ref>"[https://dawncommission.org/professor-wole-soyinka/ Professor Wole Soyinka – DAWN Commission]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref><ref name=":0">"[https://wolesoyinkalecture.org/about-wole-soyinka-2/ About Wole Soyinka]". ''Wole Soyinka Lecture Series''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Soyinka akatunga obwegyese obw'okumutebeekanisa aha Government College, Ibadan kandi yaagyenda aha University College Ibadan. Omu bwire bw'obwegyese bwe, akatandikaho ekibiina kya Pyrate Confraternity.<ref name=":0" /> Soyinka akaruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza kwega aha Yunivasite ya Leeds. Omu bwire obwo, niwe yaabaire ari omuhandiiki w'akatabo ka yunivasite, The Eagle, atakabaire muhandiiki ow'obutwire omu myaka ya 1950.<ref>"[https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/wole-soyinka/ Wole Soyinka – Narrative Landscape Press]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Bungyereza, akatandika kuhandiika ebitebyo bigufu n'okukora ebihandiiko aha BBC Lecture series. Akahandiika emizaano mingi eyazaanairwe aha reediyo hamwe n'omu myanya y'emizaano omuri Nigeria hamwe na Bungyereza, okukira munonga Royal Court Theatre.<ref>"[https://livingarchive.royalcourttheatre.com/black-plays-1960s/ Black Plays 1960s]". ''Royal Court - Living Archive''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Ebitabo bya Soyinka bingi hamwe n'emizaano ye, nibiteebwaho omuri Nigeria, ekirikworeka ebyafaayo by'eihanga eryo, eby'obuhangwa, hamwe n'oburemeezi bw'eby'obutegyeki. Oyihireho emirimo egi, akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi ebirikujumiirira emitwarize mibi y'abantu omungyeri erikushetsya. Ebihandiiko ebi bikajanjaara omu bantu baingi kandi byakundwa munonga. Atungire obusinguzi n'emizaano ye, otwariiremu The Swamp Dwellers (1958), The Lion and the Jewel (1959), na The Invention (1957), omuzaano gumwe ahayabandize, ogwakoriirwe aha Royal Court Theatre. Soyinka ahandiikire ebitabo bingi, otwariiremu The Interpreters (1965), Season of Anomy (1973), Death and the King's Horseman, Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth (2021), na Harmattan Haze on an African Spring (2012). Omu Kwamushanju 2024, Bola Tinubu akahindura eiziina ry'ekishengye ky'emizaano ekya National Arts Theatre ahanyima ya Soyinka aha mazaarwa ge ag'emyaka 90. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Soyinka akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju 1934 omuri Ake, Abeokuta, Nigeria omu ka y'Abakristaayo ey'obuzaare bw'Abayoruba. Akaba ari owa kabiri omu baana mushanju[a] ba Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, omuheereza w'Abakuristayo kandi mukuru w'eishomero kuruga omu ruganda rw'obugabe orwa Isara-Remo[<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1988 Gibbs 1988], pp.&#x20;526.</ref> hamwe na Grace Soyinka (née Jenkins-Harrison), omushubuuzi kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe kuruga omu ruganda rwa Ransome-Kuti.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFMaduakor1986 Maduakor 1986], pp.&#x20;227.</ref> Nyina Grace hamwe n'ab'eka ye, aba Ransome-Kutis, bakaba bari ab'eka y'amaani omuri Nigeria<ref>Staff writer (9 May 2014). "[https://businessday.ng/family-and-relationships/article/great-dynasties-the-ransome-kutis/ Great Dynasties:The Ransome-Kutis]". ''[[:en:BusinessDay_(Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> abarikugambwaho nk'ekigarukwamu kya Nigeria aha ka ya Kennedy omuri United States. Owaabatandikireho, omusesorodooti w'Abakuristaayo J. J. Ransome-Kuti, akaba ari omuntu w'okubanza omu ihanga rye omu by'okushohoza ebyeshongoro omu myaka ya 1920.<ref>Sansom, Ian. "[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/11/fela-kuti-great-dynasties-ian-sansom Great Dynasties: The Ransome-Kutis]". ''theguardian.com''. Retrieved 17 January 2026.</ref> Kuruga 1940 kuhistya 1946, Soyinka akaba naashoma aha St. Peters Primary School, ahu ishe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eishomero.<ref>"[https://guardian.ng/art/genius-of-the-unconventional-and-the-patterning-of-dualities-wole-soyinkas-early-childhood-part-3/ Genius of the unconventional and the patterning of dualities: Wole Soyinka's early childhood]". ''T[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|he Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akashomera siniya ye Abeokuta Grammar School kandi okushoma kwe okw'okweteekateekyera Yunivasite aha Government College, Ibadan kuruga 1946 kuhisya 1951.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/soyinka-wole-1934/ Wole Soyinka (1934- )]". ''[[:en:BlackPast.org|BlackPast.org]]''. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akaheebwa omwanya omu University College Ibadan, ahu yaashomire ebyahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza, Orugriika, hamwe n'ebyafaayo by'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kuruga 1952 kuhisya 1954.<ref name=":1">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola 2021], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Omu myaka ye y'ahamuheru omu yunivasite, akahandiika omuzaano mugufu aha reediyo, Keffi's Birthday Treat, ogwashohwire omu Kwamushanju 1954 kuruga omu kitongore kya Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1980 Gibbs 1980], p.&#x20;21.</ref> Hamwe n'abeegi bagyenzi be otwariiremu Olumuyiwa Awẹ, Ralph Opara, Aig-Imoukhuede, na Pius Olegbe, akatandikaho ekibiina ekirikwetwa National Association of Seadogs, ekibiina ky'okubanza omuri Nigeria.<ref name=":1" /> Soyinka akafuruka kuruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza omuri 1954 kugumizamu n'emishomo ye omu byahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza aha Yunivasite ya Leeds arikureebererwa G. Wilson Knight.<ref>''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFEncyclopedia_Britannica2024 Encyclopedia Britannica]'' 2024.</ref> Okusharamu kw'okushoma aheeru y'eihanga omu bwire obwo obu okushoma diguri ya kabiri kyabaire kitarikubaho omuri Ibadan kikaba kiri kurabira omuri Joyce M. Green, omukazi Omungyereza owaizire omu University College, Ibadan kuruga Cambridge omuri 1950, kandi owaabaire ari omwe aha beegyesa ba Soyinka kandi owaabaire amuhaire ekihandiiko kirungi eky'okumugambaho omuri Leeds.<ref>Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi (28 July 2019). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/soyinkas-early-romance-with-england-1954-1959-a-cold-chapter-for-an-anti-form-rebel-part-1/ Soyinka's early romance with England 1954-1959: A cold chapter for an anti-form rebel]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 8 January 2026.</ref> Aha yunivasite ya Leeds, akaheereza nk'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka yunivasite akarikushetsya, The Eagle, omuri ako yaahandiika ekicweka aha magara g'eby'okushoma. Omu Kwamunaana 1955, akatandika kukwata ebyeshongoro aha BBC Lecture kandi yaahandiika ebitebyo bigufu nyingi. Omuri 1957, akasingura empaka z'okugamba ezirikubaho buri mwaka ezirikuteebwaho Yunivasite.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFLindfors1974 Lindfors 1974], pp.&#x20;471–486.</ref> == Emirimo == === 1957–1967: Omurimo gwe gw'okubanza === Soyinka akaguma omuri Leeds bwanyima y'okutunga diguri ye eya BA honours omu Rungyereza omuri 1957.<ref name=":2" /> Omu 1957, akatandika kuhandiika emizaano ye ey'okubanza, ''Swamp Dwellers'' na ''The Lion and the Jewel''. Soyinka akaza London kandi yaakora nk'omushomi w'emizaano aha Royal Court Theatre. Akebembera ekibiina kya Nigerian Drama Group ekyakozire The Swamp Dwellers omuri 1958. Omu bwire obwo, emizaano ye ebiri ekazaanwa omuri Ibadan, Nigeria. Omuri 1957, omuzaano gwe, The Invention, gukashohozibwa aha Royal Court Theatre omuri London, kandi gukaba guri omurimo gwe gw'okubanza aha.<ref>"Wole Soyinka". ''African Biography''. Detroit, MI: Gale (published 2 December 2006). 1999. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-2823-9|978-0-7876-2823-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akahandiika ebyevugo, otwariiremu "''The Immigrant''" hamwe na "''My Next Door Neighbour''", ebyareebekire omuri Black Orpheus. Omuri 1959, Soyinka akagaruka Nigeria bwanyima y'okutunga obuhwezi bwa Rockefeller Research Fellowship ahabw'okucondooza kwe aha by'emizaano ya Afirika. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe omwaka nigwo gumwe, akaza omu mwanya gwa Janheinz Jahn nk'omwe ahabahandiiki babiri bakuru ba Black Orpheus.<ref>Jacobs, Alan. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/trials-brother-jero The Trials Of Brother Jero]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu 1960, akamara omuzaano gwe ogwa reediyo Camwood on the Leaves, kandi n'omuzaano gwe ''The Trials of Brother Jero'' gukatongozibwa omu Mellanby Hall residence of University College Ibadan omu Kwakana 1960. Akakora ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Mask omu myaka ya 1960. Omuzaano gwe ogwa A Dance of The Forest, gukatongozibwa nk'omuzaano gw'eizooba ry'okwetegyeka kwa Nigeria, kandi ebiro 1 Okwaikumi 1960, gukatongozibwa omuri Lagos.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[[:en:BlackPast.org|Wole Soyinka (1934- )". ''BlackPast.org'']]. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Omuzaano gwa Soyinka ogw'okubanza ogurikwetwa My Father's Burden, gukaba nigwebemberwa Olusegun Olusola kandi gukaba nigworekwa aha Western Nigeria Television ebiro 6 Okwamunaana 1960.<ref>Uzoatu, Uzor Maxim (5 October 2013). "[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/146108-essential-soyinka-timeline-uzor-maxim-uzoatu.html The Essential Soyinka Timeline]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref> Omu 1962, Soyinka akahandiika ebihandiiko birikurwanirira okushoma n'okuhandiika omuri Nigeria omu bwire obwo otwariiremu "Death of the King's Horsemen" hamwe na "Towards a True Theater", ebyashohoziibwe omu Transition Magazine.<ref>Amayi, Zakayo (22 June 2013). "[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/standard-entertainment/article/2000086475/soyinkas-grumpy-battles-to-defend-literary-legacy Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's grumpy battles to defend literary legacy]". Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa aha Obafemi Awolowo University omuri Ifẹ. Omu 1963, firimu ye y'okubanza, Culture in Transition, ekashohozibwa. Soyinka akarekura omurimo gwe aha Yunivasite omuri 1964, nk'okwesharinga ahabw'emitwarize y'okushagika gavumenti eyateirweho ab'obushoborozi. Akagira ngu ab'obushoborozi omu yunivasite bakakwatanisa eitendekyero n'obutegyeki bwa Samuel Ladoke Akintola obwabaire butarikukundwa. Omu bwire obwo, akakora The Lion and the Jewel<ref>"[https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/critical-responses-to-african-theatre-wole-soyinkas-the-lion-and-the-jewel-by-professor-martin-banham/ Critical Responses to African Theatre: Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel by Professor Martin Banham | Black Plays Archive]". ''www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> omu siizoni y'emizaano omu Rungyereza na Yoruba hamwe n'okutandikaho The Orisun Theatre Company, guruupu ya theatre. Omu 1965, akakora omuzaano gwa gurikujumirira emitwarize mibi omungyeru erikushestya, ''Before the Blackout''.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/african-theatre-soyinka/ Review of African Theatre Soyinka: Blackout, Blowout and Beyond | Centre for African Studies (LUCAS)]". ''lucas.leeds.ac.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuzano gwe, Kongi's Harvest, gukatandika omu Kwamunaana omuri Lagos. Ebiro 14 September 1965, omuzaano gwe The Road gukatandika kworekwa omuri London aha Commonwealth Arts Festival hamwe na Theatre Royal Stratford East. Soyinka akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa mukuru aha Yunivasite ya Lagos. Juba, ekitabo kye ekisya The Interpreters kikashohozibwa André Deutsch omuri London. Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akakomwa omurundi gw'okubanza, yaajunaanwa okukwata reediyo aha mbundu akahindura akatambi k'ebigambo by'enganzi y'ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba n'akatambi akarikujunaana okwiba akaruuru. Akarekurwa bwanyima y'ameezi agamwe g'okukomwa ahabw'okwesharinga kw'abantu b'ensi yoona abahandiiki. Akahandiika n'ekitabo The Detainee, omuzaano gwa reediyo ogwashohozibwe BBC omuri London.<ref>Ezugwu, Obinna (19 July 2021). "[https://hallmarknews.com/salute-to-kongi-at-87/ Salute To Kongi At 87]". ''hallmarknews.com''. Retrieved 13 August 2022.</ref> === 1966–1968: Orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria === Bwanyima y'okuba Mukuru w'ekibiina ky'emizaano aha Yunivasite ya Ibadan, Soyinka akatandika kwejumba omu by'obutegyeki. Bwanyima y'amahe okuhamba obutegyeki omu kwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1966, akabugana omu kihama Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, gavana w'amahe ow'amashuuma g'oburugwa izooba bwa Nigeria omu kugyezaho okuzibira orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria.<ref>"[https://howng.com/professor-wole-soyinka-full-biographylife-and-news/ Professor Wole Soyinka Full Biography, Life And News]". ''howng.com''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Akaza n'omuri Ẹnugu, ahu yabugaine mugyenzi we Omuyoruba, Victor Banjọ, orikukora na gavumenti ya Biafra. Soyinka, owaashabire obushagiki bw'abeebembezi b'amahe omu kicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, akahitsya obutumwa bwa Banjo ahari Lieutenant Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo, owaabaire atoorainwe nk'omuduumizi w'amahe g'omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba. Omumwebazyo gw'akana, Soyinka agarukire omu mahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, amahe ga Biafra gakatahirira ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Bwanyima y'okutwara oburengyerwa-izooba, Soyinka akabugana Obasanjo kumugambira ekigyendererwa ky'Ababiafra ahabwokuba Obasanjo akaba yaacwiremu kwegaita aha gavumenti ya Nigeria. Kwonka okutahirira kwa Biafra ahagati yóburegyerwa eizooba kikarugamu okuhoorera okwakozirwe amahe ga gavumenti eya federo, kandi orutaro rw'omunda rukatandika. Obasanjo akashoboorora gavumenti ya Nigeria orukiiko rwe na Soyinka, yarangirira Soyinka nk'omuheekyera, n'ahabw'ekyo akakwatwa ab'obushoborozi bwa federo kandi yaakomwa kumara emyezi 22.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/07/27/wole.soyinka/index.html Wole Soyinka: Nigeria's Nobel Laureate]". ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. 1 August 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2026.</ref> Akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi n'byevugo arikujuumirira gavumenti ya Nigeria obu yaabaire ari omu kihome.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (2006), ''You Must Set Forth at Dawn'', p. 6.</ref> Omu kutandika kwa 1967, ebihandiiko bye Kongi’s Harvest na Idanre and Other Poems bikashohozibwa.<ref>"[https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/engp06/chapter/wole-soyinka-kongis-harvest/ Wole Soyinka, Kongi's Harvest – African & Caribbean Writing in English]". ''ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Ari na Tom Stoppard, akatunga ekirabo kya John Whiting omuri London. Akatooranwa kuba mukuru w'eishomero rya Drama, Yunivasite ya Ibadan kwonka akaremwa kutwara entebe egyo ahabw'okubohwa omu kwezi kwa munaana. N'obu araabe yaabaire ari omu kihome, omuzaano gwe ogurikwetwa The Lion and The Jewel gukagumizamu gwashohozibwa omuri Accra, Ghana omu Kwamwenda 1967. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Strong Breed bikashohozibwa aba Off-Broadway omu Greenwich Mews Theatre omuri New York City. Omuri 1968, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Jock Campbell-New Statesman Award. Ekibiina kya Negro Ensemble Company kikashohoza Kongi's Harvest aha St. Mark's Theatre, New York.<ref>"[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,838330,00.html Theater: Kongi's Harvest]". ''Time''. 26 April 1968. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X 0040-781X]. Retrieved 7 May 2022.</ref> Akavunuura D. O. Fagunwa's Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irunmale kuruga omu rurimi rwa Yoruba kuza omu Rungyereza. Kikashohozibwa nka The Forest of a Thousand Demons: A Hunter's Saga. === Okurekurwa n'okushohoza ebitabo. === Omu Okwaikumi 1969, emyezi mikye erikuburayo orutaro rw'omunda rukahwa, okusaasira kukarangirirwa, Soyinka hamwe n'abandi basibe b'eby'obutegyeki barekurwa.<ref>PEN America (16 April 2012). "[https://pen.org/case-histories-wole-soyinka/ Case Histories: Wole Soyinka]". ''PEN America''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omu myezi mikye y'okubanza bwanyima y'okurekurwa kwe, Soyinka akaguma aha faamu ya munywani we omu mashuuma ga Bufaransa, ahu yaasherwire kuhuumuraho wenka. Akahandiika The Bacchae of Euripides (1969), ekihandiiko kihindwiremu kushushana enfumu ya Pentheus.<ref name=":3">Killam and Rowe (eds), ''The Companion to African Literature'' (2000), p. 276.</ref> Kandi akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebyevugo omuri London, kikwetwa Poems from Prison. Aha muheru gw'omwaka, akagaruka omu ofiisi ye nk'orikukurira eby'emizaano omuri Ibadan.<ref name=":5">"[https://dailytrust.com/things-to-know-about-prof-wole-soyinka-at-89/ Things To Know About Prof Wole Soyinka At 89]". ''[[:en:Daily_Trust|Daily Trust]]''. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omu 1970, akashohoza omuzaano Kongi's Harvest, kandi omu bwire bumwe akaguhindura nk'omuzaano gwa firimu gw'eiziina niryo rimwe, Kongi's Harvest. Omu Kwamukaaga 1970, akamara omuzaano ogundi, ogurikwetwa Madmen and Specialists.<ref>Ajeluorou, Anote (25 July 2015). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/periscoping-a-senseless-war-in-madmen-and-specialists/ Periscoping A Senseless War In Madmen And Specialists]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</ref> Arikukoragana n'ekibiina ky'abazaani 15 ba Ibadan University Theatre Art Company, akagyenda United States, kureeba Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center omuri Waterford, Connecticut, ahu omuzaano gwe oguyabaire ahererukurieyo kuhandiika gwayorekirwe omurundi gwokubanza.[citation needed] Omu 1971, ekitabo kye ky'ebyevugo ekya A Shuttle in the Crypt kikashohozibwa. Madmen and Specialists kikashohozibwa omuri Ibadan omwaka ogwo.<ref>Lee, Christopher J. (25 March 2020). "[http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/reading-wole-soyinka-s-madmen-and-specialists-time-pandemic Reading Wole Soyinka's 'Madmen and Specialists' in a Time of Pandemic]". ''Warscapes''.</ref> Omu Kwakana 1971, ahabw'okwerarikirira aha mbeera y'eby'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria, Soyinka akarekura emirimo ye aha Yunivasite omuri Ibadan, kandi yaatandika emyaka mingi ayetwaire omubuzaahe. kuza omu buzaahe.<ref name=":6">Adegbamigbe, Ademola (13 July 2019). "[https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/07/13/soyinka-at-85-why-i-detained-him-for-2-years-during-civil-war-yakubu-gowon/ Soyinka at 85: 'Why I Detained Him for 2 Years During the Civil War' - Yakubu Gowon]". ''The NEWS''. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</ref> Soyinka akagyenda omuri Paris, Bufaransa, kutwara omurimo gw'okuzaana nka Patrice Lumumba, mukuru w'eihanga w'okubanza rya Repubulika ya Kongo owaisirwe, omu muzaano ogwashohozibwe Joan Littlewood omu kwakataano 1971 ogurikwetwa Murderous Angels, omuzaano gwa Conor Cruise O'Brien ogwabaire nigukwata aha buremeezi bwa Kongo.<ref name=":4">Gibbs, James. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/soyinka-wole-13-july-1934 Soyinka, Wole 1934–]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 September 2021. (Updated by [[:en:Tanure_Ojaide|Tanure Ojaide]].)</ref><ref>[[:en:Biodun_Jeyifo|Jeyifo, Biodun]] (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nwhlgrVqvYkC&q=%22Murderous+Angels%22%3D&pg=PR27 Chronology]". ''Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, and Postcolonialism''. Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;xxvii. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139439084|9781139439084]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri Paris, ebicweka kuruga omu muzaano gwa Soyinka ogurikumanywa munonga The Dance of The Forests bikazaanwa.<ref>Adenekan, Sulaiman (2016). "[https://www.tradenewswire.net/the-pride-of-africa-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-clocks-85-years-serving-humanity-poetically/ The Pride of Africa: Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka clocks 85 years serving humanity poeticall]y". ''Trade Newswire''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Omu 1972, ekitabo kye Season of Anomy hamwe na Collected Plays byona bikashohozibwa Oxford University Press. Ekihandiiko kye ky'ebirikumukwataho ekya The Man Died, ekirikurundaana ebi yaahandiikire omu kihome, nakyo kikashohozibwa omwaka ogwo.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/biographical/ Wole Soyinka | Biographical]", The Nobel Prize, 1986.</ref> Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Honoris Causa doctorate kuruga omu Yunivasite ya Leeds omuri 1973.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/honorary-degree/ Honorary Degree]", Leeds ''African Studies Bulletin'' 19 (November 1973), pp. 1–2. [Professor Soyinka receiving the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from the Chancellor, HRH the Duchess of Kent, on Thursday 17 May 1973 – image from 'Nobel Prize for Leeds Graduate', ''The Reporter'' (the University of Leeds), 258, 24 October 1986.]</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, National Theatre, London, ekashaba kandi yaatongoza omuzaano The Bacchae of Euripides,<ref name=":3" /> kandi emizaano ye Camwood on the Leaves na Jero's Metamorphosis nayo ekaba eri ey'okubanza kushohozibwa. Akamara omwaka gumwe nk'omugyenyi aha Churchill College, Cambridge<ref>Gumbel, Andrew (3 November 2005). "[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/03/theatre3 Wole Soyinka on how he came to write Death and the King's Horseman]". ''The Guardian''.</ref> (1973–74)<ref name=":4" /> kandi yaahandiika Death and the King's Horseman, ekyashomirwe omurundi gw'okubanza aha Churchill College.<ref name=":5" /> Omu 1974, Oxford University Press ekashohoza Soyinka's Collected Plays, Volume II. Akateeraho hamwe ekitabo kya 1975 Poems of Black Africa, ekyashohoziibwe nka kimwe ahakicweka kya Heinemann African Writers Series.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JtqywAEACAAJ Poems of Black Africa]'', Heinemann African Writers Series, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]. <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780435901714|9780435901714]]</bdi>.</ref> Kandi omuri 1975, Soyinka akakuzibwa yaaza aha ntebe y'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka Transition Magazine, akaabaire nikashangwa omu kibuga ekikuru ekya Ghana ekya Accra, ahu yaafurukiire.<ref name=":6" /> Akakoresa ebihandiiko bye omu magaziini kujumirira abo abarikusaasibwa munonga abairaguju (nk'eky'okureeberaho, ekicweka kye "Neo-Tarzanism: Eby'obutegyeki obwa Pseudo-Transition) hamwe n'obutegyeki bw'amahe. Akeesharinga ahabw'obutegyeki bw'amahe obwa Idi Amin omu Uganda. Bwanyima y'empindahinduka omu by'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria hamwe n'okuhenda gavumenti y'amahe eya Gowon omuri 1975, Soyinka akagaruka omu ihanga rye kandi yaagaruka omu mwanya gwe nka mukuru w'okugyeragyeranisa ebyahandiikirwe. omu Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref name=":6" /> === Okushomesa === Kuruga 1975 kuhisya 1999, Soyinka akaheereza nka Purofeesa w'ebitabo ebirikugyeragyeranisibwa aha Obafemi Awolowo University.<ref>Odinaka (31 July 2018). "[https://www.tori.ng/news/102835/the-house-prof-soyinka-lived-in-during-oau-days-tu.html The House Prof. Soyinka Lived In During OAU Days, Turned Into A Campus Museum (Photos)]". ''Tori.ng''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Amerika, akeegyesa aha Cornell University nk'omuhangu wa Goldwin Smith omu kwega aha Afirika hamwe n'eby'emizaano kuruga 1988 kuhisya 1991. Aha Yunivasite ya Emory, akatooranwa nka Robert W. Woodruff Purofeesa w'eby'emikono omuri 1996 kandi atwire ari Purofeesa w'okuhandiika omu Yunivasite ya Nevada, Las Vegas. Soyinka akaheereza scholar-in-residence omu Institute of African American Affairs eya New York University hamwe na Loyola Marymount University omuri Los Angeles, California. Akegyesa n'aha Yunivasite za Cambridge, Oxford, Harvard na Yale. Akaba ari omwegi w'amaani omu kutuura aha Yunivasite ya Duke omuri 2008.<ref>"[https://alumni.duke.edu/magazine/articles/soyinka-stage Soyinka on Stage | Nobel laureate works with student production of his play]". ''Duke Magazine''. No.&#x20;January–February 2011. 31 January 2011. Retrieved 18 April 2021.</ref> Omu Kwaikumi na kubiri 2017, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Europe Theatre Prize omu kicweka kya "Special Prize" category,<ref>Ajibade, Kunle (12 December 2017). "[https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2017/12/12/wole-soyinka-wins-europe-theatre-prize/ Wole Soyinka Wins The Europe Theatre Prize]". ''[[:en:P.M._News|P.M. News]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref><ref>"[https://www.concisenews.global/news/soyinka-wins-2017-the-europe-theatre-prize/ Soyinka Wins 2017 Europe Theatre Prize]". ''Concise News''. 15 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> ekyahairwe omuntu owaabaire "aine ekyayongyeireho omu kuhikiiriza emikoro y'eby'obuhangwa erikureetaho okwetegyereza n'okubagana amagyezi ahagati y'abantu".<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20171225034855/http://www.jamesmurua.com/wole-soyinka-to-receive-europe-theatre-prize-2017/ Wole Soyinka to receive Europe Theatre Prize 2017]". ''James Murua's Literature Blog''. 14 December 2017. Archived from the original on 25 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> Ebiro 1 September 2022, Soyinka akatwara entebe y'okuba Purofeesa w'eby'emizaano aha New York University Abu Dhabi.<ref>"[https://www.wam.ae/en/article/hszrfcet-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-joins-nyu-abu-dhabi Nobel laureate Wole Soyinka joins NYU Abu Dhabi faculty]". Emirates News Agency-WAM. 23 August 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref><ref>"[https://nyuad.nyu.edu/en/academics/divisions/arts-and-humanities/faculty/wole-soyinka.html Wole Soyinka | Arts Professor of Theater]". ''nyuad.nyu.edu''. New York University Abu Dhabi. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref> Omu 1976, akashohoza ekitabo kye ky'ebitebyo Ogun Abibiman, hamwe n'ekitabo ky'ebihandiiko ekiine omutwe Myth, Literature and the African World.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/facts/ The Nobel Prize in Literature 1986]". ''NobelPrize.org''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omuri ebi, Soyinka naashwijuma oburugo bw'oburagwa omu katemba ka Afirika kandi, arikukoresa eby'okureeberaho kuruga omuri Buraaya na Afirika, naagyeragyeranisa kandi akashoboorora eby'obuhangwa. Akaha orubazo rw'omutaano aha itendekyero ry'okushwijuma Afirika aha Yunivasite ya Ghana omuri Legon. Omu 1977, Opera Wọnyọsi, okuhindura kwe okw'omuzzano gwa Bertolt Brecht, T''he Threepenny Opera'', gukazaanira omuri Ibadan. Omu 1979, Soyinka akebembera kandi yazaana omu muzaano gwa Jon Blair na Norman Fenton ogurikwetwa The Biko Inquest, omzaano ogurikwegamira aha magara ga Steve Biko, omwegi wa South Africa kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe bw'abantu owaateirwe akafa ahabwa pooriisi y'omuri South Africa eyabaire neekuratira engyenderwaho y'okushoroora omu bantu. Omu 1981 Soyinka akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebirikumukwataho Aké: The Years of Childhood, ekyasingire ekirabo kya 1983 Anisfield-Wolf Book Award.[55] == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == t7shtamm8memie38kakwlo7qbeuixxm 7256337 7256336 2026-07-20T09:32:22Z Rooth N 2608660 7256337 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wp/nyn]] '''Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola] 2021, p.&#x20;34.</ref>''', a'''kazaarwa 13 Okwamushanju 1934) n'omuhandiiki Omunigeria, w'emizaano, kandi omuhandiiki w'ebitabo. Akahandiika ebitabo bishatu, by'ebitabo by'emigane mikye eikumi, ebitabo mushanju by'ebyevugo, ebitabo by'emizaano abiri na bitaano, hamwe n'ebitabo bitaano by'ebirikumukwataho.<ref name=":2">Gibbs, James (1986). ''Wole Soyinka''. Basingstoke: [[:en:Macmillan_Publishers|Macmillan]]. p.&#x20;3. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780333305287|9780333305287]]</bdi>.</ref> Ahandiikire ebitabo bibiri ebivunwirwe hamwe n'ebicweka bingi hamwe n'ebitebyo bikye bikye by'okuhandiikisa empapura z'amakuru hamwe n'ebitabo by'obwire bukye. Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel eky'omwaka 1986 omu by'obuhangwa ahabw'okugira ngu akaba naashwijuma "ebintu bingi ebirikukwata aha buhangwa hamwe n'orurimi rw'okwevuga ahabirikukwata aha kubaho kw'abantu".<ref>Abdullahi, Idowu (11 October 2024). "[https://punchng.com/nobel-laureate-award-exposed-me-to-danger-wole-soyinka/ Nobel Laureate award exposed me to danger]". ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Akazaarwa omu ka y'Abakurisitaayo Abayoruba omuri Aké, Abeokuta.<ref>"[https://dawncommission.org/professor-wole-soyinka/ Professor Wole Soyinka – DAWN Commission]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref><ref name=":0">"[https://wolesoyinkalecture.org/about-wole-soyinka-2/ About Wole Soyinka]". ''Wole Soyinka Lecture Series''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Soyinka akatunga obwegyese obw'okumutebeekanisa aha Government College, Ibadan kandi yaagyenda aha University College Ibadan. Omu bwire bw'obwegyese bwe, akatandikaho ekibiina kya Pyrate Confraternity.<ref name=":0" /> Soyinka akaruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza kwega aha Yunivasite ya Leeds. Omu bwire obwo, niwe yaabaire ari omuhandiiki w'akatabo ka yunivasite, The Eagle, atakabaire muhandiiki ow'obutwire omu myaka ya 1950.<ref>"[https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/wole-soyinka/ Wole Soyinka – Narrative Landscape Press]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Bungyereza, akatandika kuhandiika ebitebyo bigufu n'okukora ebihandiiko aha BBC Lecture series. Akahandiika emizaano mingi eyazaanairwe aha reediyo hamwe n'omu myanya y'emizaano omuri Nigeria hamwe na Bungyereza, okukira munonga Royal Court Theatre.<ref>"[https://livingarchive.royalcourttheatre.com/black-plays-1960s/ Black Plays 1960s]". ''Royal Court - Living Archive''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Ebitabo bya Soyinka bingi hamwe n'emizaano ye, nibiteebwaho omuri Nigeria, ekirikworeka ebyafaayo by'eihanga eryo, eby'obuhangwa, hamwe n'oburemeezi bw'eby'obutegyeki. Oyihireho emirimo egi, akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi ebirikujumiirira emitwarize mibi y'abantu omungyeri erikushetsya. Ebihandiiko ebi bikajanjaara omu bantu baingi kandi byakundwa munonga. Atungire obusinguzi n'emizaano ye, otwariiremu The Swamp Dwellers (1958), The Lion and the Jewel (1959), na The Invention (1957), omuzaano gumwe ahayabandize, ogwakoriirwe aha Royal Court Theatre. Soyinka ahandiikire ebitabo bingi, otwariiremu The Interpreters (1965), Season of Anomy (1973), Death and the King's Horseman, Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth (2021), na Harmattan Haze on an African Spring (2012). Omu Kwamushanju 2024, Bola Tinubu akahindura eiziina ry'ekishengye ky'emizaano ekya National Arts Theatre ahanyima ya Soyinka aha mazaarwa ge ag'emyaka 90. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Soyinka akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju 1934 omuri Ake, Abeokuta, Nigeria omu ka y'Abakristaayo ey'obuzaare bw'Abayoruba. Akaba ari owa kabiri omu baana mushanju[a] ba Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, omuheereza w'Abakuristayo kandi mukuru w'eishomero kuruga omu ruganda rw'obugabe orwa Isara-Remo[<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1988 Gibbs 1988], pp.&#x20;526.</ref> hamwe na Grace Soyinka (née Jenkins-Harrison), omushubuuzi kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe kuruga omu ruganda rwa Ransome-Kuti.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFMaduakor1986 Maduakor 1986], pp.&#x20;227.</ref> Nyina Grace hamwe n'ab'eka ye, aba Ransome-Kutis, bakaba bari ab'eka y'amaani omuri Nigeria<ref>Staff writer (9 May 2014). "[https://businessday.ng/family-and-relationships/article/great-dynasties-the-ransome-kutis/ Great Dynasties:The Ransome-Kutis]". ''[[:en:BusinessDay_(Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> abarikugambwaho nk'ekigarukwamu kya Nigeria aha ka ya Kennedy omuri United States. Owaabatandikireho, omusesorodooti w'Abakuristaayo J. J. Ransome-Kuti, akaba ari omuntu w'okubanza omu ihanga rye omu by'okushohoza ebyeshongoro omu myaka ya 1920.<ref>Sansom, Ian. "[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/11/fela-kuti-great-dynasties-ian-sansom Great Dynasties: The Ransome-Kutis]". ''theguardian.com''. Retrieved 17 January 2026.</ref> Kuruga 1940 kuhistya 1946, Soyinka akaba naashoma aha St. Peters Primary School, ahu ishe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eishomero.<ref>"[https://guardian.ng/art/genius-of-the-unconventional-and-the-patterning-of-dualities-wole-soyinkas-early-childhood-part-3/ Genius of the unconventional and the patterning of dualities: Wole Soyinka's early childhood]". ''T[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|he Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akashomera siniya ye Abeokuta Grammar School kandi okushoma kwe okw'okweteekateekyera Yunivasite aha Government College, Ibadan kuruga 1946 kuhisya 1951.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/soyinka-wole-1934/ Wole Soyinka (1934- )]". ''[[:en:BlackPast.org|BlackPast.org]]''. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akaheebwa omwanya omu University College Ibadan, ahu yaashomire ebyahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza, Orugriika, hamwe n'ebyafaayo by'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kuruga 1952 kuhisya 1954.<ref name=":1">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola 2021], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Omu myaka ye y'ahamuheru omu yunivasite, akahandiika omuzaano mugufu aha reediyo, Keffi's Birthday Treat, ogwashohwire omu Kwamushanju 1954 kuruga omu kitongore kya Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1980 Gibbs 1980], p.&#x20;21.</ref> Hamwe n'abeegi bagyenzi be otwariiremu Olumuyiwa Awẹ, Ralph Opara, Aig-Imoukhuede, na Pius Olegbe, akatandikaho ekibiina ekirikwetwa National Association of Seadogs, ekibiina ky'okubanza omuri Nigeria.<ref name=":1" /> Soyinka akafuruka kuruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza omuri 1954 kugumizamu n'emishomo ye omu byahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza aha Yunivasite ya Leeds arikureebererwa G. Wilson Knight.<ref>''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFEncyclopedia_Britannica2024 Encyclopedia Britannica]'' 2024.</ref> Okusharamu kw'okushoma aheeru y'eihanga omu bwire obwo obu okushoma diguri ya kabiri kyabaire kitarikubaho omuri Ibadan kikaba kiri kurabira omuri Joyce M. Green, omukazi Omungyereza owaizire omu University College, Ibadan kuruga Cambridge omuri 1950, kandi owaabaire ari omwe aha beegyesa ba Soyinka kandi owaabaire amuhaire ekihandiiko kirungi eky'okumugambaho omuri Leeds.<ref>Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi (28 July 2019). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/soyinkas-early-romance-with-england-1954-1959-a-cold-chapter-for-an-anti-form-rebel-part-1/ Soyinka's early romance with England 1954-1959: A cold chapter for an anti-form rebel]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 8 January 2026.</ref> Aha yunivasite ya Leeds, akaheereza nk'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka yunivasite akarikushetsya, The Eagle, omuri ako yaahandiika ekicweka aha magara g'eby'okushoma. Omu Kwamunaana 1955, akatandika kukwata ebyeshongoro aha BBC Lecture kandi yaahandiika ebitebyo bigufu nyingi. Omuri 1957, akasingura empaka z'okugamba ezirikubaho buri mwaka ezirikuteebwaho Yunivasite.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFLindfors1974 Lindfors 1974], pp.&#x20;471–486.</ref> == Emirimo == === 1957–1967: Omurimo gwe gw'okubanza === Soyinka akaguma omuri Leeds bwanyima y'okutunga diguri ye eya BA honours omu Rungyereza omuri 1957.<ref name=":2" /> Omu 1957, akatandika kuhandiika emizaano ye ey'okubanza, ''Swamp Dwellers'' na ''The Lion and the Jewel''. Soyinka akaza London kandi yaakora nk'omushomi w'emizaano aha Royal Court Theatre. Akebembera ekibiina kya Nigerian Drama Group ekyakozire The Swamp Dwellers omuri 1958. Omu bwire obwo, emizaano ye ebiri ekazaanwa omuri Ibadan, Nigeria. Omuri 1957, omuzaano gwe, The Invention, gukashohozibwa aha Royal Court Theatre omuri London, kandi gukaba guri omurimo gwe gw'okubanza aha.<ref>"Wole Soyinka". ''African Biography''. Detroit, MI: Gale (published 2 December 2006). 1999. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-2823-9|978-0-7876-2823-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akahandiika ebyevugo, otwariiremu "''The Immigrant''" hamwe na "''My Next Door Neighbour''", ebyareebekire omuri Black Orpheus. Omuri 1959, Soyinka akagaruka Nigeria bwanyima y'okutunga obuhwezi bwa Rockefeller Research Fellowship ahabw'okucondooza kwe aha by'emizaano ya Afirika. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe omwaka nigwo gumwe, akaza omu mwanya gwa Janheinz Jahn nk'omwe ahabahandiiki babiri bakuru ba Black Orpheus.<ref>Jacobs, Alan. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/trials-brother-jero The Trials Of Brother Jero]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu 1960, akamara omuzaano gwe ogwa reediyo Camwood on the Leaves, kandi n'omuzaano gwe ''The Trials of Brother Jero'' gukatongozibwa omu Mellanby Hall residence of University College Ibadan omu Kwakana 1960. Akakora ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Mask omu myaka ya 1960. Omuzaano gwe ogwa A Dance of The Forest, gukatongozibwa nk'omuzaano gw'eizooba ry'okwetegyeka kwa Nigeria, kandi ebiro 1 Okwaikumi 1960, gukatongozibwa omuri Lagos.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[[:en:BlackPast.org|Wole Soyinka (1934- )". ''BlackPast.org'']]. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Omuzaano gwa Soyinka ogw'okubanza ogurikwetwa My Father's Burden, gukaba nigwebemberwa Olusegun Olusola kandi gukaba nigworekwa aha Western Nigeria Television ebiro 6 Okwamunaana 1960.<ref>Uzoatu, Uzor Maxim (5 October 2013). "[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/146108-essential-soyinka-timeline-uzor-maxim-uzoatu.html The Essential Soyinka Timeline]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref> Omu 1962, Soyinka akahandiika ebihandiiko birikurwanirira okushoma n'okuhandiika omuri Nigeria omu bwire obwo otwariiremu "Death of the King's Horsemen" hamwe na "Towards a True Theater", ebyashohoziibwe omu Transition Magazine.<ref>Amayi, Zakayo (22 June 2013). "[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/standard-entertainment/article/2000086475/soyinkas-grumpy-battles-to-defend-literary-legacy Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's grumpy battles to defend literary legacy]". Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa aha Obafemi Awolowo University omuri Ifẹ. Omu 1963, firimu ye y'okubanza, Culture in Transition, ekashohozibwa. Soyinka akarekura omurimo gwe aha Yunivasite omuri 1964, nk'okwesharinga ahabw'emitwarize y'okushagika gavumenti eyateirweho ab'obushoborozi. Akagira ngu ab'obushoborozi omu yunivasite bakakwatanisa eitendekyero n'obutegyeki bwa Samuel Ladoke Akintola obwabaire butarikukundwa. Omu bwire obwo, akakora The Lion and the Jewel<ref>"[https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/critical-responses-to-african-theatre-wole-soyinkas-the-lion-and-the-jewel-by-professor-martin-banham/ Critical Responses to African Theatre: Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel by Professor Martin Banham | Black Plays Archive]". ''www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> omu siizoni y'emizaano omu Rungyereza na Yoruba hamwe n'okutandikaho The Orisun Theatre Company, guruupu ya theatre. Omu 1965, akakora omuzaano gwa gurikujumirira emitwarize mibi omungyeru erikushestya, ''Before the Blackout''.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/african-theatre-soyinka/ Review of African Theatre Soyinka: Blackout, Blowout and Beyond | Centre for African Studies (LUCAS)]". ''lucas.leeds.ac.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuzano gwe, Kongi's Harvest, gukatandika omu Kwamunaana omuri Lagos. Ebiro 14 September 1965, omuzaano gwe The Road gukatandika kworekwa omuri London aha Commonwealth Arts Festival hamwe na Theatre Royal Stratford East. Soyinka akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa mukuru aha Yunivasite ya Lagos. Juba, ekitabo kye ekisya The Interpreters kikashohozibwa André Deutsch omuri London. Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akakomwa omurundi gw'okubanza, yaajunaanwa okukwata reediyo aha mbundu akahindura akatambi k'ebigambo by'enganzi y'ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba n'akatambi akarikujunaana okwiba akaruuru. Akarekurwa bwanyima y'ameezi agamwe g'okukomwa ahabw'okwesharinga kw'abantu b'ensi yoona abahandiiki. Akahandiika n'ekitabo The Detainee, omuzaano gwa reediyo ogwashohozibwe BBC omuri London.<ref>Ezugwu, Obinna (19 July 2021). "[https://hallmarknews.com/salute-to-kongi-at-87/ Salute To Kongi At 87]". ''hallmarknews.com''. Retrieved 13 August 2022.</ref> === 1966–1968: Orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria === Bwanyima y'okuba Mukuru w'ekibiina ky'emizaano aha Yunivasite ya Ibadan, Soyinka akatandika kwejumba omu by'obutegyeki. Bwanyima y'amahe okuhamba obutegyeki omu kwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1966, akabugana omu kihama Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, gavana w'amahe ow'amashuuma g'oburugwa izooba bwa Nigeria omu kugyezaho okuzibira orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria.<ref>"[https://howng.com/professor-wole-soyinka-full-biographylife-and-news/ Professor Wole Soyinka Full Biography, Life And News]". ''howng.com''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Akaza n'omuri Ẹnugu, ahu yabugaine mugyenzi we Omuyoruba, Victor Banjọ, orikukora na gavumenti ya Biafra. Soyinka, owaashabire obushagiki bw'abeebembezi b'amahe omu kicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, akahitsya obutumwa bwa Banjo ahari Lieutenant Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo, owaabaire atoorainwe nk'omuduumizi w'amahe g'omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba. Omumwebazyo gw'akana, Soyinka agarukire omu mahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, amahe ga Biafra gakatahirira ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Bwanyima y'okutwara oburengyerwa-izooba, Soyinka akabugana Obasanjo kumugambira ekigyendererwa ky'Ababiafra ahabwokuba Obasanjo akaba yaacwiremu kwegaita aha gavumenti ya Nigeria. Kwonka okutahirira kwa Biafra ahagati yóburegyerwa eizooba kikarugamu okuhoorera okwakozirwe amahe ga gavumenti eya federo, kandi orutaro rw'omunda rukatandika. Obasanjo akashoboorora gavumenti ya Nigeria orukiiko rwe na Soyinka, yarangirira Soyinka nk'omuheekyera, n'ahabw'ekyo akakwatwa ab'obushoborozi bwa federo kandi yaakomwa kumara emyezi 22.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/07/27/wole.soyinka/index.html Wole Soyinka: Nigeria's Nobel Laureate]". ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. 1 August 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2026.</ref> Akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi n'byevugo arikujuumirira gavumenti ya Nigeria obu yaabaire ari omu kihome.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (2006), ''You Must Set Forth at Dawn'', p. 6.</ref> Omu kutandika kwa 1967, ebihandiiko bye Kongi’s Harvest na Idanre and Other Poems bikashohozibwa.<ref>"[https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/engp06/chapter/wole-soyinka-kongis-harvest/ Wole Soyinka, Kongi's Harvest – African & Caribbean Writing in English]". ''ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Ari na Tom Stoppard, akatunga ekirabo kya John Whiting omuri London. Akatooranwa kuba mukuru w'eishomero rya Drama, Yunivasite ya Ibadan kwonka akaremwa kutwara entebe egyo ahabw'okubohwa omu kwezi kwa munaana. N'obu araabe yaabaire ari omu kihome, omuzaano gwe ogurikwetwa The Lion and The Jewel gukagumizamu gwashohozibwa omuri Accra, Ghana omu Kwamwenda 1967. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Strong Breed bikashohozibwa aba Off-Broadway omu Greenwich Mews Theatre omuri New York City. Omuri 1968, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Jock Campbell-New Statesman Award. Ekibiina kya Negro Ensemble Company kikashohoza Kongi's Harvest aha St. Mark's Theatre, New York.<ref>"[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,838330,00.html Theater: Kongi's Harvest]". ''Time''. 26 April 1968. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X 0040-781X]. Retrieved 7 May 2022.</ref> Akavunuura D. O. Fagunwa's Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irunmale kuruga omu rurimi rwa Yoruba kuza omu Rungyereza. Kikashohozibwa nka The Forest of a Thousand Demons: A Hunter's Saga. === Okurekurwa n'okushohoza ebitabo. === Omu Okwaikumi 1969, emyezi mikye erikuburayo orutaro rw'omunda rukahwa, okusaasira kukarangirirwa, Soyinka hamwe n'abandi basibe b'eby'obutegyeki barekurwa.<ref>PEN America (16 April 2012). "[https://pen.org/case-histories-wole-soyinka/ Case Histories: Wole Soyinka]". ''PEN America''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omu myezi mikye y'okubanza bwanyima y'okurekurwa kwe, Soyinka akaguma aha faamu ya munywani we omu mashuuma ga Bufaransa, ahu yaasherwire kuhuumuraho wenka. Akahandiika The Bacchae of Euripides (1969), ekihandiiko kihindwiremu kushushana enfumu ya Pentheus.<ref name=":3">Killam and Rowe (eds), ''The Companion to African Literature'' (2000), p. 276.</ref> Kandi akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebyevugo omuri London, kikwetwa Poems from Prison. Aha muheru gw'omwaka, akagaruka omu ofiisi ye nk'orikukurira eby'emizaano omuri Ibadan.<ref name=":5">"[https://dailytrust.com/things-to-know-about-prof-wole-soyinka-at-89/ Things To Know About Prof Wole Soyinka At 89]". ''[[:en:Daily_Trust|Daily Trust]]''. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omu 1970, akashohoza omuzaano Kongi's Harvest, kandi omu bwire bumwe akaguhindura nk'omuzaano gwa firimu gw'eiziina niryo rimwe, Kongi's Harvest. Omu Kwamukaaga 1970, akamara omuzaano ogundi, ogurikwetwa Madmen and Specialists.<ref>Ajeluorou, Anote (25 July 2015). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/periscoping-a-senseless-war-in-madmen-and-specialists/ Periscoping A Senseless War In Madmen And Specialists]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</ref> Arikukoragana n'ekibiina ky'abazaani 15 ba Ibadan University Theatre Art Company, akagyenda United States, kureeba Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center omuri Waterford, Connecticut, ahu omuzaano gwe oguyabaire ahererukurieyo kuhandiika gwayorekirwe omurundi gwokubanza.[citation needed] Omu 1971, ekitabo kye ky'ebyevugo ekya A Shuttle in the Crypt kikashohozibwa. Madmen and Specialists kikashohozibwa omuri Ibadan omwaka ogwo.<ref>Lee, Christopher J. (25 March 2020). "[http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/reading-wole-soyinka-s-madmen-and-specialists-time-pandemic Reading Wole Soyinka's 'Madmen and Specialists' in a Time of Pandemic]". ''Warscapes''.</ref> Omu Kwakana 1971, ahabw'okwerarikirira aha mbeera y'eby'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria, Soyinka akarekura emirimo ye aha Yunivasite omuri Ibadan, kandi yaatandika emyaka mingi ayetwaire omubuzaahe. kuza omu buzaahe.<ref name=":6">Adegbamigbe, Ademola (13 July 2019). "[https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/07/13/soyinka-at-85-why-i-detained-him-for-2-years-during-civil-war-yakubu-gowon/ Soyinka at 85: 'Why I Detained Him for 2 Years During the Civil War' - Yakubu Gowon]". ''The NEWS''. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</ref> Soyinka akagyenda omuri Paris, Bufaransa, kutwara omurimo gw'okuzaana nka Patrice Lumumba, mukuru w'eihanga w'okubanza rya Repubulika ya Kongo owaisirwe, omu muzaano ogwashohozibwe Joan Littlewood omu kwakataano 1971 ogurikwetwa Murderous Angels, omuzaano gwa Conor Cruise O'Brien ogwabaire nigukwata aha buremeezi bwa Kongo.<ref name=":4">Gibbs, James. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/soyinka-wole-13-july-1934 Soyinka, Wole 1934–]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 September 2021. (Updated by [[:en:Tanure_Ojaide|Tanure Ojaide]].)</ref><ref>[[:en:Biodun_Jeyifo|Jeyifo, Biodun]] (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nwhlgrVqvYkC&q=%22Murderous+Angels%22%3D&pg=PR27 Chronology]". ''Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, and Postcolonialism''. Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;xxvii. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139439084|9781139439084]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri Paris, ebicweka kuruga omu muzaano gwa Soyinka ogurikumanywa munonga The Dance of The Forests bikazaanwa.<ref>Adenekan, Sulaiman (2016). "[https://www.tradenewswire.net/the-pride-of-africa-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-clocks-85-years-serving-humanity-poetically/ The Pride of Africa: Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka clocks 85 years serving humanity poeticall]y". ''Trade Newswire''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Omu 1972, ekitabo kye Season of Anomy hamwe na Collected Plays byona bikashohozibwa Oxford University Press. Ekihandiiko kye ky'ebirikumukwataho ekya The Man Died, ekirikurundaana ebi yaahandiikire omu kihome, nakyo kikashohozibwa omwaka ogwo.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/biographical/ Wole Soyinka | Biographical]", The Nobel Prize, 1986.</ref> Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Honoris Causa doctorate kuruga omu Yunivasite ya Leeds omuri 1973.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/honorary-degree/ Honorary Degree]", Leeds ''African Studies Bulletin'' 19 (November 1973), pp. 1–2. [Professor Soyinka receiving the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from the Chancellor, HRH the Duchess of Kent, on Thursday 17 May 1973 – image from 'Nobel Prize for Leeds Graduate', ''The Reporter'' (the University of Leeds), 258, 24 October 1986.]</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, National Theatre, London, ekashaba kandi yaatongoza omuzaano The Bacchae of Euripides,<ref name=":3" /> kandi emizaano ye Camwood on the Leaves na Jero's Metamorphosis nayo ekaba eri ey'okubanza kushohozibwa. Akamara omwaka gumwe nk'omugyenyi aha Churchill College, Cambridge<ref>Gumbel, Andrew (3 November 2005). "[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/03/theatre3 Wole Soyinka on how he came to write Death and the King's Horseman]". ''The Guardian''.</ref> (1973–74)<ref name=":4" /> kandi yaahandiika Death and the King's Horseman, ekyashomirwe omurundi gw'okubanza aha Churchill College.<ref name=":5" /> Omu 1974, Oxford University Press ekashohoza Soyinka's Collected Plays, Volume II. Akateeraho hamwe ekitabo kya 1975 Poems of Black Africa, ekyashohoziibwe nka kimwe ahakicweka kya Heinemann African Writers Series.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JtqywAEACAAJ Poems of Black Africa]'', Heinemann African Writers Series, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]. <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780435901714|9780435901714]]</bdi>.</ref> Kandi omuri 1975, Soyinka akakuzibwa yaaza aha ntebe y'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka Transition Magazine, akaabaire nikashangwa omu kibuga ekikuru ekya Ghana ekya Accra, ahu yaafurukiire.<ref name=":6" /> Akakoresa ebihandiiko bye omu magaziini kujumirira abo abarikusaasibwa munonga abairaguju (nk'eky'okureeberaho, ekicweka kye "Neo-Tarzanism: Eby'obutegyeki obwa Pseudo-Transition) hamwe n'obutegyeki bw'amahe. Akeesharinga ahabw'obutegyeki bw'amahe obwa Idi Amin omu Uganda. Bwanyima y'empindahinduka omu by'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria hamwe n'okuhenda gavumenti y'amahe eya Gowon omuri 1975, Soyinka akagaruka omu ihanga rye kandi yaagaruka omu mwanya gwe nka mukuru w'okugyeragyeranisa ebyahandiikirwe. omu Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref name=":6" /> === Okushomesa === Kuruga 1975 kuhisya 1999, Soyinka akaheereza nka Purofeesa w'ebitabo ebirikugyeragyeranisibwa aha Obafemi Awolowo University.<ref>Odinaka (31 July 2018). "[https://www.tori.ng/news/102835/the-house-prof-soyinka-lived-in-during-oau-days-tu.html The House Prof. Soyinka Lived In During OAU Days, Turned Into A Campus Museum (Photos)]". ''Tori.ng''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Amerika, akeegyesa aha Cornell University nk'omuhangu wa Goldwin Smith omu kwega aha Afirika hamwe n'eby'emizaano kuruga 1988 kuhisya 1991. Aha Yunivasite ya Emory, akatooranwa nka Robert W. Woodruff Purofeesa w'eby'emikono omuri 1996 kandi atwire ari Purofeesa w'okuhandiika omu Yunivasite ya Nevada, Las Vegas. Soyinka akaheereza scholar-in-residence omu Institute of African American Affairs eya New York University hamwe na Loyola Marymount University omuri Los Angeles, California. Akegyesa n'aha Yunivasite za Cambridge, Oxford, Harvard na Yale. Akaba ari omwegi w'amaani omu kutuura aha Yunivasite ya Duke omuri 2008.<ref>"[https://alumni.duke.edu/magazine/articles/soyinka-stage Soyinka on Stage | Nobel laureate works with student production of his play]". ''Duke Magazine''. No.&#x20;January–February 2011. 31 January 2011. Retrieved 18 April 2021.</ref> Omu Kwaikumi na kubiri 2017, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Europe Theatre Prize omu kicweka kya "Special Prize" category,<ref>Ajibade, Kunle (12 December 2017). "[https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2017/12/12/wole-soyinka-wins-europe-theatre-prize/ Wole Soyinka Wins The Europe Theatre Prize]". ''[[:en:P.M._News|P.M. News]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref><ref>"[https://www.concisenews.global/news/soyinka-wins-2017-the-europe-theatre-prize/ Soyinka Wins 2017 Europe Theatre Prize]". ''Concise News''. 15 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> ekyahairwe omuntu owaabaire "aine ekyayongyeireho omu kuhikiiriza emikoro y'eby'obuhangwa erikureetaho okwetegyereza n'okubagana amagyezi ahagati y'abantu".<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20171225034855/http://www.jamesmurua.com/wole-soyinka-to-receive-europe-theatre-prize-2017/ Wole Soyinka to receive Europe Theatre Prize 2017]". ''James Murua's Literature Blog''. 14 December 2017. Archived from the original on 25 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> Ebiro 1 September 2022, Soyinka akatwara entebe y'okuba Purofeesa w'eby'emizaano aha New York University Abu Dhabi.<ref>"[https://www.wam.ae/en/article/hszrfcet-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-joins-nyu-abu-dhabi Nobel laureate Wole Soyinka joins NYU Abu Dhabi faculty]". Emirates News Agency-WAM. 23 August 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref><ref>"[https://nyuad.nyu.edu/en/academics/divisions/arts-and-humanities/faculty/wole-soyinka.html Wole Soyinka | Arts Professor of Theater]". ''nyuad.nyu.edu''. New York University Abu Dhabi. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref> Omu 1976, akashohoza ekitabo kye ky'ebitebyo Ogun Abibiman, hamwe n'ekitabo ky'ebihandiiko ekiine omutwe Myth, Literature and the African World.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/facts/ The Nobel Prize in Literature 1986]". ''NobelPrize.org''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omuri ebi, Soyinka naashwijuma oburugo bw'oburagwa omu katemba ka Afirika kandi, arikukoresa eby'okureeberaho kuruga omuri Buraaya na Afirika, naagyeragyeranisa kandi akashoboorora eby'obuhangwa. Akaha orubazo rw'omutaano aha itendekyero ry'okushwijuma Afirika aha Yunivasite ya Ghana omuri Legon. Omu Okwaikumi 1976, envunuura ya Bufaransa eya The Dance of The Forests[54] ekazaanwa omuri Dakar. Omu 1977, Opera Wọnyọsi, okuhindura kwe okw'omuzzano gwa Bertolt Brecht, T''he Threepenny Opera'', gukazaanira omuri Ibadan. Omu 1979, Soyinka akebembera kandi yazaana omu muzaano gwa Jon Blair na Norman Fenton ogurikwetwa The Biko Inquest, omzaano ogurikwegamira aha magara ga Steve Biko, omwegi wa South Africa kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe bw'abantu owaateirwe akafa ahabwa pooriisi y'omuri South Africa eyabaire neekuratira engyenderwaho y'okushoroora omu bantu. Omu 1981 Soyinka akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebirikumukwataho Aké: The Years of Childhood, ekyasingire ekirabo kya 1983 Anisfield-Wolf Book Award.[55] == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == 5li51f6gjalx9wbdqrtmbog71cbz026 7256338 7256337 2026-07-20T09:33:18Z Rooth N 2608660 7256338 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wp/nyn]] '''Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola] 2021, p.&#x20;34.</ref>''', a'''kazaarwa 13 Okwamushanju 1934) n'omuhandiiki Omunigeria, w'emizaano, kandi omuhandiiki w'ebitabo. Akahandiika ebitabo bishatu, by'ebitabo by'emigane mikye eikumi, ebitabo mushanju by'ebyevugo, ebitabo by'emizaano abiri na bitaano, hamwe n'ebitabo bitaano by'ebirikumukwataho.<ref name=":2">Gibbs, James (1986). ''Wole Soyinka''. Basingstoke: [[:en:Macmillan_Publishers|Macmillan]]. p.&#x20;3. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780333305287|9780333305287]]</bdi>.</ref> Ahandiikire ebitabo bibiri ebivunwirwe hamwe n'ebicweka bingi hamwe n'ebitebyo bikye bikye by'okuhandiikisa empapura z'amakuru hamwe n'ebitabo by'obwire bukye. Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel eky'omwaka 1986 omu by'obuhangwa ahabw'okugira ngu akaba naashwijuma "ebintu bingi ebirikukwata aha buhangwa hamwe n'orurimi rw'okwevuga ahabirikukwata aha kubaho kw'abantu".<ref>Abdullahi, Idowu (11 October 2024). "[https://punchng.com/nobel-laureate-award-exposed-me-to-danger-wole-soyinka/ Nobel Laureate award exposed me to danger]". ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Akazaarwa omu ka y'Abakurisitaayo Abayoruba omuri Aké, Abeokuta.<ref>"[https://dawncommission.org/professor-wole-soyinka/ Professor Wole Soyinka – DAWN Commission]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref><ref name=":0">"[https://wolesoyinkalecture.org/about-wole-soyinka-2/ About Wole Soyinka]". ''Wole Soyinka Lecture Series''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Soyinka akatunga obwegyese obw'okumutebeekanisa aha Government College, Ibadan kandi yaagyenda aha University College Ibadan. Omu bwire bw'obwegyese bwe, akatandikaho ekibiina kya Pyrate Confraternity.<ref name=":0" /> Soyinka akaruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza kwega aha Yunivasite ya Leeds. Omu bwire obwo, niwe yaabaire ari omuhandiiki w'akatabo ka yunivasite, The Eagle, atakabaire muhandiiki ow'obutwire omu myaka ya 1950.<ref>"[https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/wole-soyinka/ Wole Soyinka – Narrative Landscape Press]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Bungyereza, akatandika kuhandiika ebitebyo bigufu n'okukora ebihandiiko aha BBC Lecture series. Akahandiika emizaano mingi eyazaanairwe aha reediyo hamwe n'omu myanya y'emizaano omuri Nigeria hamwe na Bungyereza, okukira munonga Royal Court Theatre.<ref>"[https://livingarchive.royalcourttheatre.com/black-plays-1960s/ Black Plays 1960s]". ''Royal Court - Living Archive''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Ebitabo bya Soyinka bingi hamwe n'emizaano ye, nibiteebwaho omuri Nigeria, ekirikworeka ebyafaayo by'eihanga eryo, eby'obuhangwa, hamwe n'oburemeezi bw'eby'obutegyeki. Oyihireho emirimo egi, akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi ebirikujumiirira emitwarize mibi y'abantu omungyeri erikushetsya. Ebihandiiko ebi bikajanjaara omu bantu baingi kandi byakundwa munonga. Atungire obusinguzi n'emizaano ye, otwariiremu The Swamp Dwellers (1958), The Lion and the Jewel (1959), na The Invention (1957), omuzaano gumwe ahayabandize, ogwakoriirwe aha Royal Court Theatre. Soyinka ahandiikire ebitabo bingi, otwariiremu The Interpreters (1965), Season of Anomy (1973), Death and the King's Horseman, Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth (2021), na Harmattan Haze on an African Spring (2012). Omu Kwamushanju 2024, Bola Tinubu akahindura eiziina ry'ekishengye ky'emizaano ekya National Arts Theatre ahanyima ya Soyinka aha mazaarwa ge ag'emyaka 90. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Soyinka akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju 1934 omuri Ake, Abeokuta, Nigeria omu ka y'Abakristaayo ey'obuzaare bw'Abayoruba. Akaba ari owa kabiri omu baana mushanju[a] ba Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, omuheereza w'Abakuristayo kandi mukuru w'eishomero kuruga omu ruganda rw'obugabe orwa Isara-Remo[<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1988 Gibbs 1988], pp.&#x20;526.</ref> hamwe na Grace Soyinka (née Jenkins-Harrison), omushubuuzi kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe kuruga omu ruganda rwa Ransome-Kuti.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFMaduakor1986 Maduakor 1986], pp.&#x20;227.</ref> Nyina Grace hamwe n'ab'eka ye, aba Ransome-Kutis, bakaba bari ab'eka y'amaani omuri Nigeria<ref>Staff writer (9 May 2014). "[https://businessday.ng/family-and-relationships/article/great-dynasties-the-ransome-kutis/ Great Dynasties:The Ransome-Kutis]". ''[[:en:BusinessDay_(Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> abarikugambwaho nk'ekigarukwamu kya Nigeria aha ka ya Kennedy omuri United States. Owaabatandikireho, omusesorodooti w'Abakuristaayo J. J. Ransome-Kuti, akaba ari omuntu w'okubanza omu ihanga rye omu by'okushohoza ebyeshongoro omu myaka ya 1920.<ref>Sansom, Ian. "[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/11/fela-kuti-great-dynasties-ian-sansom Great Dynasties: The Ransome-Kutis]". ''theguardian.com''. Retrieved 17 January 2026.</ref> Kuruga 1940 kuhistya 1946, Soyinka akaba naashoma aha St. Peters Primary School, ahu ishe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eishomero.<ref>"[https://guardian.ng/art/genius-of-the-unconventional-and-the-patterning-of-dualities-wole-soyinkas-early-childhood-part-3/ Genius of the unconventional and the patterning of dualities: Wole Soyinka's early childhood]". ''T[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|he Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akashomera siniya ye Abeokuta Grammar School kandi okushoma kwe okw'okweteekateekyera Yunivasite aha Government College, Ibadan kuruga 1946 kuhisya 1951.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/soyinka-wole-1934/ Wole Soyinka (1934- )]". ''[[:en:BlackPast.org|BlackPast.org]]''. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akaheebwa omwanya omu University College Ibadan, ahu yaashomire ebyahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza, Orugriika, hamwe n'ebyafaayo by'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kuruga 1952 kuhisya 1954.<ref name=":1">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola 2021], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Omu myaka ye y'ahamuheru omu yunivasite, akahandiika omuzaano mugufu aha reediyo, Keffi's Birthday Treat, ogwashohwire omu Kwamushanju 1954 kuruga omu kitongore kya Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1980 Gibbs 1980], p.&#x20;21.</ref> Hamwe n'abeegi bagyenzi be otwariiremu Olumuyiwa Awẹ, Ralph Opara, Aig-Imoukhuede, na Pius Olegbe, akatandikaho ekibiina ekirikwetwa National Association of Seadogs, ekibiina ky'okubanza omuri Nigeria.<ref name=":1" /> Soyinka akafuruka kuruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza omuri 1954 kugumizamu n'emishomo ye omu byahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza aha Yunivasite ya Leeds arikureebererwa G. Wilson Knight.<ref>''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFEncyclopedia_Britannica2024 Encyclopedia Britannica]'' 2024.</ref> Okusharamu kw'okushoma aheeru y'eihanga omu bwire obwo obu okushoma diguri ya kabiri kyabaire kitarikubaho omuri Ibadan kikaba kiri kurabira omuri Joyce M. Green, omukazi Omungyereza owaizire omu University College, Ibadan kuruga Cambridge omuri 1950, kandi owaabaire ari omwe aha beegyesa ba Soyinka kandi owaabaire amuhaire ekihandiiko kirungi eky'okumugambaho omuri Leeds.<ref>Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi (28 July 2019). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/soyinkas-early-romance-with-england-1954-1959-a-cold-chapter-for-an-anti-form-rebel-part-1/ Soyinka's early romance with England 1954-1959: A cold chapter for an anti-form rebel]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 8 January 2026.</ref> Aha yunivasite ya Leeds, akaheereza nk'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka yunivasite akarikushetsya, The Eagle, omuri ako yaahandiika ekicweka aha magara g'eby'okushoma. Omu Kwamunaana 1955, akatandika kukwata ebyeshongoro aha BBC Lecture kandi yaahandiika ebitebyo bigufu nyingi. Omuri 1957, akasingura empaka z'okugamba ezirikubaho buri mwaka ezirikuteebwaho Yunivasite.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFLindfors1974 Lindfors 1974], pp.&#x20;471–486.</ref> == Emirimo == === 1957–1967: Omurimo gwe gw'okubanza === Soyinka akaguma omuri Leeds bwanyima y'okutunga diguri ye eya BA honours omu Rungyereza omuri 1957.<ref name=":2" /> Omu 1957, akatandika kuhandiika emizaano ye ey'okubanza, ''Swamp Dwellers'' na ''The Lion and the Jewel''. Soyinka akaza London kandi yaakora nk'omushomi w'emizaano aha Royal Court Theatre. Akebembera ekibiina kya Nigerian Drama Group ekyakozire The Swamp Dwellers omuri 1958. Omu bwire obwo, emizaano ye ebiri ekazaanwa omuri Ibadan, Nigeria. Omuri 1957, omuzaano gwe, The Invention, gukashohozibwa aha Royal Court Theatre omuri London, kandi gukaba guri omurimo gwe gw'okubanza aha.<ref>"Wole Soyinka". ''African Biography''. Detroit, MI: Gale (published 2 December 2006). 1999. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-2823-9|978-0-7876-2823-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akahandiika ebyevugo, otwariiremu "''The Immigrant''" hamwe na "''My Next Door Neighbour''", ebyareebekire omuri Black Orpheus. Omuri 1959, Soyinka akagaruka Nigeria bwanyima y'okutunga obuhwezi bwa Rockefeller Research Fellowship ahabw'okucondooza kwe aha by'emizaano ya Afirika. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe omwaka nigwo gumwe, akaza omu mwanya gwa Janheinz Jahn nk'omwe ahabahandiiki babiri bakuru ba Black Orpheus.<ref>Jacobs, Alan. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/trials-brother-jero The Trials Of Brother Jero]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu 1960, akamara omuzaano gwe ogwa reediyo Camwood on the Leaves, kandi n'omuzaano gwe ''The Trials of Brother Jero'' gukatongozibwa omu Mellanby Hall residence of University College Ibadan omu Kwakana 1960. Akakora ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Mask omu myaka ya 1960. Omuzaano gwe ogwa A Dance of The Forest, gukatongozibwa nk'omuzaano gw'eizooba ry'okwetegyeka kwa Nigeria, kandi ebiro 1 Okwaikumi 1960, gukatongozibwa omuri Lagos.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[[:en:BlackPast.org|Wole Soyinka (1934- )". ''BlackPast.org'']]. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Omuzaano gwa Soyinka ogw'okubanza ogurikwetwa My Father's Burden, gukaba nigwebemberwa Olusegun Olusola kandi gukaba nigworekwa aha Western Nigeria Television ebiro 6 Okwamunaana 1960.<ref>Uzoatu, Uzor Maxim (5 October 2013). "[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/146108-essential-soyinka-timeline-uzor-maxim-uzoatu.html The Essential Soyinka Timeline]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref> Omu 1962, Soyinka akahandiika ebihandiiko birikurwanirira okushoma n'okuhandiika omuri Nigeria omu bwire obwo otwariiremu "Death of the King's Horsemen" hamwe na "Towards a True Theater", ebyashohoziibwe omu Transition Magazine.<ref>Amayi, Zakayo (22 June 2013). "[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/standard-entertainment/article/2000086475/soyinkas-grumpy-battles-to-defend-literary-legacy Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's grumpy battles to defend literary legacy]". Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa aha Obafemi Awolowo University omuri Ifẹ. Omu 1963, firimu ye y'okubanza, Culture in Transition, ekashohozibwa. Soyinka akarekura omurimo gwe aha Yunivasite omuri 1964, nk'okwesharinga ahabw'emitwarize y'okushagika gavumenti eyateirweho ab'obushoborozi. Akagira ngu ab'obushoborozi omu yunivasite bakakwatanisa eitendekyero n'obutegyeki bwa Samuel Ladoke Akintola obwabaire butarikukundwa. Omu bwire obwo, akakora The Lion and the Jewel<ref>"[https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/critical-responses-to-african-theatre-wole-soyinkas-the-lion-and-the-jewel-by-professor-martin-banham/ Critical Responses to African Theatre: Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel by Professor Martin Banham | Black Plays Archive]". ''www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> omu siizoni y'emizaano omu Rungyereza na Yoruba hamwe n'okutandikaho The Orisun Theatre Company, guruupu ya theatre. Omu 1965, akakora omuzaano gwa gurikujumirira emitwarize mibi omungyeru erikushestya, ''Before the Blackout''.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/african-theatre-soyinka/ Review of African Theatre Soyinka: Blackout, Blowout and Beyond | Centre for African Studies (LUCAS)]". ''lucas.leeds.ac.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuzano gwe, Kongi's Harvest, gukatandika omu Kwamunaana omuri Lagos. Ebiro 14 September 1965, omuzaano gwe The Road gukatandika kworekwa omuri London aha Commonwealth Arts Festival hamwe na Theatre Royal Stratford East. Soyinka akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa mukuru aha Yunivasite ya Lagos. Juba, ekitabo kye ekisya The Interpreters kikashohozibwa André Deutsch omuri London. Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akakomwa omurundi gw'okubanza, yaajunaanwa okukwata reediyo aha mbundu akahindura akatambi k'ebigambo by'enganzi y'ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba n'akatambi akarikujunaana okwiba akaruuru. Akarekurwa bwanyima y'ameezi agamwe g'okukomwa ahabw'okwesharinga kw'abantu b'ensi yoona abahandiiki. Akahandiika n'ekitabo The Detainee, omuzaano gwa reediyo ogwashohozibwe BBC omuri London.<ref>Ezugwu, Obinna (19 July 2021). "[https://hallmarknews.com/salute-to-kongi-at-87/ Salute To Kongi At 87]". ''hallmarknews.com''. Retrieved 13 August 2022.</ref> === 1966–1968: Orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria === Bwanyima y'okuba Mukuru w'ekibiina ky'emizaano aha Yunivasite ya Ibadan, Soyinka akatandika kwejumba omu by'obutegyeki. Bwanyima y'amahe okuhamba obutegyeki omu kwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1966, akabugana omu kihama Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, gavana w'amahe ow'amashuuma g'oburugwa izooba bwa Nigeria omu kugyezaho okuzibira orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria.<ref>"[https://howng.com/professor-wole-soyinka-full-biographylife-and-news/ Professor Wole Soyinka Full Biography, Life And News]". ''howng.com''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Akaza n'omuri Ẹnugu, ahu yabugaine mugyenzi we Omuyoruba, Victor Banjọ, orikukora na gavumenti ya Biafra. Soyinka, owaashabire obushagiki bw'abeebembezi b'amahe omu kicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, akahitsya obutumwa bwa Banjo ahari Lieutenant Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo, owaabaire atoorainwe nk'omuduumizi w'amahe g'omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba. Omumwebazyo gw'akana, Soyinka agarukire omu mahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, amahe ga Biafra gakatahirira ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Bwanyima y'okutwara oburengyerwa-izooba, Soyinka akabugana Obasanjo kumugambira ekigyendererwa ky'Ababiafra ahabwokuba Obasanjo akaba yaacwiremu kwegaita aha gavumenti ya Nigeria. Kwonka okutahirira kwa Biafra ahagati yóburegyerwa eizooba kikarugamu okuhoorera okwakozirwe amahe ga gavumenti eya federo, kandi orutaro rw'omunda rukatandika. Obasanjo akashoboorora gavumenti ya Nigeria orukiiko rwe na Soyinka, yarangirira Soyinka nk'omuheekyera, n'ahabw'ekyo akakwatwa ab'obushoborozi bwa federo kandi yaakomwa kumara emyezi 22.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/07/27/wole.soyinka/index.html Wole Soyinka: Nigeria's Nobel Laureate]". ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. 1 August 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2026.</ref> Akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi n'byevugo arikujuumirira gavumenti ya Nigeria obu yaabaire ari omu kihome.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (2006), ''You Must Set Forth at Dawn'', p. 6.</ref> Omu kutandika kwa 1967, ebihandiiko bye Kongi’s Harvest na Idanre and Other Poems bikashohozibwa.<ref>"[https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/engp06/chapter/wole-soyinka-kongis-harvest/ Wole Soyinka, Kongi's Harvest – African & Caribbean Writing in English]". ''ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Ari na Tom Stoppard, akatunga ekirabo kya John Whiting omuri London. Akatooranwa kuba mukuru w'eishomero rya Drama, Yunivasite ya Ibadan kwonka akaremwa kutwara entebe egyo ahabw'okubohwa omu kwezi kwa munaana. N'obu araabe yaabaire ari omu kihome, omuzaano gwe ogurikwetwa The Lion and The Jewel gukagumizamu gwashohozibwa omuri Accra, Ghana omu Kwamwenda 1967. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Strong Breed bikashohozibwa aba Off-Broadway omu Greenwich Mews Theatre omuri New York City. Omuri 1968, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Jock Campbell-New Statesman Award. Ekibiina kya Negro Ensemble Company kikashohoza Kongi's Harvest aha St. Mark's Theatre, New York.<ref>"[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,838330,00.html Theater: Kongi's Harvest]". ''Time''. 26 April 1968. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X 0040-781X]. Retrieved 7 May 2022.</ref> Akavunuura D. O. Fagunwa's Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irunmale kuruga omu rurimi rwa Yoruba kuza omu Rungyereza. Kikashohozibwa nka The Forest of a Thousand Demons: A Hunter's Saga. === Okurekurwa n'okushohoza ebitabo. === Omu Okwaikumi 1969, emyezi mikye erikuburayo orutaro rw'omunda rukahwa, okusaasira kukarangirirwa, Soyinka hamwe n'abandi basibe b'eby'obutegyeki barekurwa.<ref>PEN America (16 April 2012). "[https://pen.org/case-histories-wole-soyinka/ Case Histories: Wole Soyinka]". ''PEN America''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omu myezi mikye y'okubanza bwanyima y'okurekurwa kwe, Soyinka akaguma aha faamu ya munywani we omu mashuuma ga Bufaransa, ahu yaasherwire kuhuumuraho wenka. Akahandiika The Bacchae of Euripides (1969), ekihandiiko kihindwiremu kushushana enfumu ya Pentheus.<ref name=":3">Killam and Rowe (eds), ''The Companion to African Literature'' (2000), p. 276.</ref> Kandi akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebyevugo omuri London, kikwetwa Poems from Prison. Aha muheru gw'omwaka, akagaruka omu ofiisi ye nk'orikukurira eby'emizaano omuri Ibadan.<ref name=":5">"[https://dailytrust.com/things-to-know-about-prof-wole-soyinka-at-89/ Things To Know About Prof Wole Soyinka At 89]". ''[[:en:Daily_Trust|Daily Trust]]''. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omu 1970, akashohoza omuzaano Kongi's Harvest, kandi omu bwire bumwe akaguhindura nk'omuzaano gwa firimu gw'eiziina niryo rimwe, Kongi's Harvest. Omu Kwamukaaga 1970, akamara omuzaano ogundi, ogurikwetwa Madmen and Specialists.<ref>Ajeluorou, Anote (25 July 2015). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/periscoping-a-senseless-war-in-madmen-and-specialists/ Periscoping A Senseless War In Madmen And Specialists]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</ref> Arikukoragana n'ekibiina ky'abazaani 15 ba Ibadan University Theatre Art Company, akagyenda United States, kureeba Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center omuri Waterford, Connecticut, ahu omuzaano gwe oguyabaire ahererukurieyo kuhandiika gwayorekirwe omurundi gwokubanza.[citation needed] Omu 1971, ekitabo kye ky'ebyevugo ekya A Shuttle in the Crypt kikashohozibwa. Madmen and Specialists kikashohozibwa omuri Ibadan omwaka ogwo.<ref>Lee, Christopher J. (25 March 2020). "[http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/reading-wole-soyinka-s-madmen-and-specialists-time-pandemic Reading Wole Soyinka's 'Madmen and Specialists' in a Time of Pandemic]". ''Warscapes''.</ref> Omu Kwakana 1971, ahabw'okwerarikirira aha mbeera y'eby'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria, Soyinka akarekura emirimo ye aha Yunivasite omuri Ibadan, kandi yaatandika emyaka mingi ayetwaire omubuzaahe. kuza omu buzaahe.<ref name=":6">Adegbamigbe, Ademola (13 July 2019). "[https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/07/13/soyinka-at-85-why-i-detained-him-for-2-years-during-civil-war-yakubu-gowon/ Soyinka at 85: 'Why I Detained Him for 2 Years During the Civil War' - Yakubu Gowon]". ''The NEWS''. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</ref> Soyinka akagyenda omuri Paris, Bufaransa, kutwara omurimo gw'okuzaana nka Patrice Lumumba, mukuru w'eihanga w'okubanza rya Repubulika ya Kongo owaisirwe, omu muzaano ogwashohozibwe Joan Littlewood omu kwakataano 1971 ogurikwetwa Murderous Angels, omuzaano gwa Conor Cruise O'Brien ogwabaire nigukwata aha buremeezi bwa Kongo.<ref name=":4">Gibbs, James. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/soyinka-wole-13-july-1934 Soyinka, Wole 1934–]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 September 2021. (Updated by [[:en:Tanure_Ojaide|Tanure Ojaide]].)</ref><ref>[[:en:Biodun_Jeyifo|Jeyifo, Biodun]] (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nwhlgrVqvYkC&q=%22Murderous+Angels%22%3D&pg=PR27 Chronology]". ''Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, and Postcolonialism''. Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;xxvii. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139439084|9781139439084]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri Paris, ebicweka kuruga omu muzaano gwa Soyinka ogurikumanywa munonga The Dance of The Forests bikazaanwa.<ref>Adenekan, Sulaiman (2016). "[https://www.tradenewswire.net/the-pride-of-africa-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-clocks-85-years-serving-humanity-poetically/ The Pride of Africa: Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka clocks 85 years serving humanity poeticall]y". ''Trade Newswire''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Omu 1972, ekitabo kye Season of Anomy hamwe na Collected Plays byona bikashohozibwa Oxford University Press. Ekihandiiko kye ky'ebirikumukwataho ekya The Man Died, ekirikurundaana ebi yaahandiikire omu kihome, nakyo kikashohozibwa omwaka ogwo.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/biographical/ Wole Soyinka | Biographical]", The Nobel Prize, 1986.</ref> Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Honoris Causa doctorate kuruga omu Yunivasite ya Leeds omuri 1973.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/honorary-degree/ Honorary Degree]", Leeds ''African Studies Bulletin'' 19 (November 1973), pp. 1–2. [Professor Soyinka receiving the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from the Chancellor, HRH the Duchess of Kent, on Thursday 17 May 1973 – image from 'Nobel Prize for Leeds Graduate', ''The Reporter'' (the University of Leeds), 258, 24 October 1986.]</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, National Theatre, London, ekashaba kandi yaatongoza omuzaano The Bacchae of Euripides,<ref name=":3" /> kandi emizaano ye Camwood on the Leaves na Jero's Metamorphosis nayo ekaba eri ey'okubanza kushohozibwa. Akamara omwaka gumwe nk'omugyenyi aha Churchill College, Cambridge<ref>Gumbel, Andrew (3 November 2005). "[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/03/theatre3 Wole Soyinka on how he came to write Death and the King's Horseman]". ''The Guardian''.</ref> (1973–74)<ref name=":4" /> kandi yaahandiika Death and the King's Horseman, ekyashomirwe omurundi gw'okubanza aha Churchill College.<ref name=":5" /> Omu 1974, Oxford University Press ekashohoza Soyinka's Collected Plays, Volume II. Akateeraho hamwe ekitabo kya 1975 Poems of Black Africa, ekyashohoziibwe nka kimwe ahakicweka kya Heinemann African Writers Series.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JtqywAEACAAJ Poems of Black Africa]'', Heinemann African Writers Series, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]. <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780435901714|9780435901714]]</bdi>.</ref> Kandi omuri 1975, Soyinka akakuzibwa yaaza aha ntebe y'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka Transition Magazine, akaabaire nikashangwa omu kibuga ekikuru ekya Ghana ekya Accra, ahu yaafurukiire.<ref name=":6" /> Akakoresa ebihandiiko bye omu magaziini kujumirira abo abarikusaasibwa munonga abairaguju (nk'eky'okureeberaho, ekicweka kye "Neo-Tarzanism: Eby'obutegyeki obwa Pseudo-Transition) hamwe n'obutegyeki bw'amahe. Akeesharinga ahabw'obutegyeki bw'amahe obwa Idi Amin omu Uganda. Bwanyima y'empindahinduka omu by'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria hamwe n'okuhenda gavumenti y'amahe eya Gowon omuri 1975, Soyinka akagaruka omu ihanga rye kandi yaagaruka omu mwanya gwe nka mukuru w'okugyeragyeranisa ebyahandiikirwe. omu Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref name=":6" /> === Okushomesa === Kuruga 1975 kuhisya 1999, Soyinka akaheereza nka Purofeesa w'ebitabo ebirikugyeragyeranisibwa aha Obafemi Awolowo University.<ref>Odinaka (31 July 2018). "[https://www.tori.ng/news/102835/the-house-prof-soyinka-lived-in-during-oau-days-tu.html The House Prof. Soyinka Lived In During OAU Days, Turned Into A Campus Museum (Photos)]". ''Tori.ng''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Amerika, akeegyesa aha Cornell University nk'omuhangu wa Goldwin Smith omu kwega aha Afirika hamwe n'eby'emizaano kuruga 1988 kuhisya 1991. Aha Yunivasite ya Emory, akatooranwa nka Robert W. Woodruff Purofeesa w'eby'emikono omuri 1996 kandi atwire ari Purofeesa w'okuhandiika omu Yunivasite ya Nevada, Las Vegas. Soyinka akaheereza scholar-in-residence omu Institute of African American Affairs eya New York University hamwe na Loyola Marymount University omuri Los Angeles, California. Akegyesa n'aha Yunivasite za Cambridge, Oxford, Harvard na Yale. Akaba ari omwegi w'amaani omu kutuura aha Yunivasite ya Duke omuri 2008.<ref>"[https://alumni.duke.edu/magazine/articles/soyinka-stage Soyinka on Stage | Nobel laureate works with student production of his play]". ''Duke Magazine''. No.&#x20;January–February 2011. 31 January 2011. Retrieved 18 April 2021.</ref> Omu Kwaikumi na kubiri 2017, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Europe Theatre Prize omu kicweka kya "Special Prize" category,<ref>Ajibade, Kunle (12 December 2017). "[https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2017/12/12/wole-soyinka-wins-europe-theatre-prize/ Wole Soyinka Wins The Europe Theatre Prize]". ''[[:en:P.M._News|P.M. News]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref><ref>"[https://www.concisenews.global/news/soyinka-wins-2017-the-europe-theatre-prize/ Soyinka Wins 2017 Europe Theatre Prize]". ''Concise News''. 15 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> ekyahairwe omuntu owaabaire "aine ekyayongyeireho omu kuhikiiriza emikoro y'eby'obuhangwa erikureetaho okwetegyereza n'okubagana amagyezi ahagati y'abantu".<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20171225034855/http://www.jamesmurua.com/wole-soyinka-to-receive-europe-theatre-prize-2017/ Wole Soyinka to receive Europe Theatre Prize 2017]". ''James Murua's Literature Blog''. 14 December 2017. Archived from the original on 25 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> Ebiro 1 September 2022, Soyinka akatwara entebe y'okuba Purofeesa w'eby'emizaano aha New York University Abu Dhabi.<ref>"[https://www.wam.ae/en/article/hszrfcet-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-joins-nyu-abu-dhabi Nobel laureate Wole Soyinka joins NYU Abu Dhabi faculty]". Emirates News Agency-WAM. 23 August 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref><ref>"[https://nyuad.nyu.edu/en/academics/divisions/arts-and-humanities/faculty/wole-soyinka.html Wole Soyinka | Arts Professor of Theater]". ''nyuad.nyu.edu''. New York University Abu Dhabi. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref> Omu 1976, akashohoza ekitabo kye ky'ebitebyo Ogun Abibiman, hamwe n'ekitabo ky'ebihandiiko ekiine omutwe Myth, Literature and the African World.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/facts/ The Nobel Prize in Literature 1986]". ''NobelPrize.org''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omuri ebi, Soyinka naashwijuma oburugo bw'oburagwa omu katemba ka Afirika kandi, arikukoresa eby'okureeberaho kuruga omuri Buraaya na Afirika, naagyeragyeranisa kandi akashoboorora eby'obuhangwa. Akaha orubazo rw'omutaano aha itendekyero ry'okushwijuma Afirika aha Yunivasite ya Ghana omuri Legon. Omu Okwaikumi 1976, envunuura ya Bufaransa eya The Dance of The Forests<ref>"[https://abjournals.org/ajchrt/papers/volume-8/issue-1/ghost-dirge-and-the-forest-dance-in-soyinkas-metathysical-play-a-dance-of-the-forests/ Ghost, Dirge and the Forest Dance in Soyinka's Metaphysical Play "A Dance of the Forests]". ''African Journal of Culture, History, Religion and Traditions (AJCHRT)''. 24 November 2024. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> ekazaanwa omuri Dakar. Omu 1977, Opera Wọnyọsi, okuhindura kwe okw'omuzzano gwa Bertolt Brecht, T''he Threepenny Opera'', gukazaanira omuri Ibadan. Omu 1979, Soyinka akebembera kandi yazaana omu muzaano gwa Jon Blair na Norman Fenton ogurikwetwa The Biko Inquest, omzaano ogurikwegamira aha magara ga Steve Biko, omwegi wa South Africa kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe bw'abantu owaateirwe akafa ahabwa pooriisi y'omuri South Africa eyabaire neekuratira engyenderwaho y'okushoroora omu bantu. Omu 1981 Soyinka akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebirikumukwataho Aké: The Years of Childhood, ekyasingire ekirabo kya 1983 Anisfield-Wolf Book Award.[55] == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == ajv9cx2h1lynbohlndz6ybi762l4p5l 7256339 7256338 2026-07-20T09:34:17Z Rooth N 2608660 7256339 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wp/nyn]] '''Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola] 2021, p.&#x20;34.</ref>''', a'''kazaarwa 13 Okwamushanju 1934) n'omuhandiiki Omunigeria, w'emizaano, kandi omuhandiiki w'ebitabo. Akahandiika ebitabo bishatu, by'ebitabo by'emigane mikye eikumi, ebitabo mushanju by'ebyevugo, ebitabo by'emizaano abiri na bitaano, hamwe n'ebitabo bitaano by'ebirikumukwataho.<ref name=":2">Gibbs, James (1986). ''Wole Soyinka''. Basingstoke: [[:en:Macmillan_Publishers|Macmillan]]. p.&#x20;3. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780333305287|9780333305287]]</bdi>.</ref> Ahandiikire ebitabo bibiri ebivunwirwe hamwe n'ebicweka bingi hamwe n'ebitebyo bikye bikye by'okuhandiikisa empapura z'amakuru hamwe n'ebitabo by'obwire bukye. Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel eky'omwaka 1986 omu by'obuhangwa ahabw'okugira ngu akaba naashwijuma "ebintu bingi ebirikukwata aha buhangwa hamwe n'orurimi rw'okwevuga ahabirikukwata aha kubaho kw'abantu".<ref>Abdullahi, Idowu (11 October 2024). "[https://punchng.com/nobel-laureate-award-exposed-me-to-danger-wole-soyinka/ Nobel Laureate award exposed me to danger]". ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Akazaarwa omu ka y'Abakurisitaayo Abayoruba omuri Aké, Abeokuta.<ref>"[https://dawncommission.org/professor-wole-soyinka/ Professor Wole Soyinka – DAWN Commission]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref><ref name=":0">"[https://wolesoyinkalecture.org/about-wole-soyinka-2/ About Wole Soyinka]". ''Wole Soyinka Lecture Series''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Soyinka akatunga obwegyese obw'okumutebeekanisa aha Government College, Ibadan kandi yaagyenda aha University College Ibadan. Omu bwire bw'obwegyese bwe, akatandikaho ekibiina kya Pyrate Confraternity.<ref name=":0" /> Soyinka akaruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza kwega aha Yunivasite ya Leeds. Omu bwire obwo, niwe yaabaire ari omuhandiiki w'akatabo ka yunivasite, The Eagle, atakabaire muhandiiki ow'obutwire omu myaka ya 1950.<ref>"[https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/wole-soyinka/ Wole Soyinka – Narrative Landscape Press]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Bungyereza, akatandika kuhandiika ebitebyo bigufu n'okukora ebihandiiko aha BBC Lecture series. Akahandiika emizaano mingi eyazaanairwe aha reediyo hamwe n'omu myanya y'emizaano omuri Nigeria hamwe na Bungyereza, okukira munonga Royal Court Theatre.<ref>"[https://livingarchive.royalcourttheatre.com/black-plays-1960s/ Black Plays 1960s]". ''Royal Court - Living Archive''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Ebitabo bya Soyinka bingi hamwe n'emizaano ye, nibiteebwaho omuri Nigeria, ekirikworeka ebyafaayo by'eihanga eryo, eby'obuhangwa, hamwe n'oburemeezi bw'eby'obutegyeki. Oyihireho emirimo egi, akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi ebirikujumiirira emitwarize mibi y'abantu omungyeri erikushetsya. Ebihandiiko ebi bikajanjaara omu bantu baingi kandi byakundwa munonga. Atungire obusinguzi n'emizaano ye, otwariiremu The Swamp Dwellers (1958), The Lion and the Jewel (1959), na The Invention (1957), omuzaano gumwe ahayabandize, ogwakoriirwe aha Royal Court Theatre. Soyinka ahandiikire ebitabo bingi, otwariiremu The Interpreters (1965), Season of Anomy (1973), Death and the King's Horseman, Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth (2021), na Harmattan Haze on an African Spring (2012). Omu Kwamushanju 2024, Bola Tinubu akahindura eiziina ry'ekishengye ky'emizaano ekya National Arts Theatre ahanyima ya Soyinka aha mazaarwa ge ag'emyaka 90. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Soyinka akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju 1934 omuri Ake, Abeokuta, Nigeria omu ka y'Abakristaayo ey'obuzaare bw'Abayoruba. Akaba ari owa kabiri omu baana mushanju[a] ba Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, omuheereza w'Abakuristayo kandi mukuru w'eishomero kuruga omu ruganda rw'obugabe orwa Isara-Remo[<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1988 Gibbs 1988], pp.&#x20;526.</ref> hamwe na Grace Soyinka (née Jenkins-Harrison), omushubuuzi kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe kuruga omu ruganda rwa Ransome-Kuti.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFMaduakor1986 Maduakor 1986], pp.&#x20;227.</ref> Nyina Grace hamwe n'ab'eka ye, aba Ransome-Kutis, bakaba bari ab'eka y'amaani omuri Nigeria<ref>Staff writer (9 May 2014). "[https://businessday.ng/family-and-relationships/article/great-dynasties-the-ransome-kutis/ Great Dynasties:The Ransome-Kutis]". ''[[:en:BusinessDay_(Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> abarikugambwaho nk'ekigarukwamu kya Nigeria aha ka ya Kennedy omuri United States. Owaabatandikireho, omusesorodooti w'Abakuristaayo J. J. Ransome-Kuti, akaba ari omuntu w'okubanza omu ihanga rye omu by'okushohoza ebyeshongoro omu myaka ya 1920.<ref>Sansom, Ian. "[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/11/fela-kuti-great-dynasties-ian-sansom Great Dynasties: The Ransome-Kutis]". ''theguardian.com''. Retrieved 17 January 2026.</ref> Kuruga 1940 kuhistya 1946, Soyinka akaba naashoma aha St. Peters Primary School, ahu ishe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eishomero.<ref>"[https://guardian.ng/art/genius-of-the-unconventional-and-the-patterning-of-dualities-wole-soyinkas-early-childhood-part-3/ Genius of the unconventional and the patterning of dualities: Wole Soyinka's early childhood]". ''T[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|he Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akashomera siniya ye Abeokuta Grammar School kandi okushoma kwe okw'okweteekateekyera Yunivasite aha Government College, Ibadan kuruga 1946 kuhisya 1951.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/soyinka-wole-1934/ Wole Soyinka (1934- )]". ''[[:en:BlackPast.org|BlackPast.org]]''. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akaheebwa omwanya omu University College Ibadan, ahu yaashomire ebyahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza, Orugriika, hamwe n'ebyafaayo by'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kuruga 1952 kuhisya 1954.<ref name=":1">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola 2021], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Omu myaka ye y'ahamuheru omu yunivasite, akahandiika omuzaano mugufu aha reediyo, Keffi's Birthday Treat, ogwashohwire omu Kwamushanju 1954 kuruga omu kitongore kya Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1980 Gibbs 1980], p.&#x20;21.</ref> Hamwe n'abeegi bagyenzi be otwariiremu Olumuyiwa Awẹ, Ralph Opara, Aig-Imoukhuede, na Pius Olegbe, akatandikaho ekibiina ekirikwetwa National Association of Seadogs, ekibiina ky'okubanza omuri Nigeria.<ref name=":1" /> Soyinka akafuruka kuruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza omuri 1954 kugumizamu n'emishomo ye omu byahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza aha Yunivasite ya Leeds arikureebererwa G. Wilson Knight.<ref>''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFEncyclopedia_Britannica2024 Encyclopedia Britannica]'' 2024.</ref> Okusharamu kw'okushoma aheeru y'eihanga omu bwire obwo obu okushoma diguri ya kabiri kyabaire kitarikubaho omuri Ibadan kikaba kiri kurabira omuri Joyce M. Green, omukazi Omungyereza owaizire omu University College, Ibadan kuruga Cambridge omuri 1950, kandi owaabaire ari omwe aha beegyesa ba Soyinka kandi owaabaire amuhaire ekihandiiko kirungi eky'okumugambaho omuri Leeds.<ref>Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi (28 July 2019). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/soyinkas-early-romance-with-england-1954-1959-a-cold-chapter-for-an-anti-form-rebel-part-1/ Soyinka's early romance with England 1954-1959: A cold chapter for an anti-form rebel]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 8 January 2026.</ref> Aha yunivasite ya Leeds, akaheereza nk'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka yunivasite akarikushetsya, The Eagle, omuri ako yaahandiika ekicweka aha magara g'eby'okushoma. Omu Kwamunaana 1955, akatandika kukwata ebyeshongoro aha BBC Lecture kandi yaahandiika ebitebyo bigufu nyingi. Omuri 1957, akasingura empaka z'okugamba ezirikubaho buri mwaka ezirikuteebwaho Yunivasite.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFLindfors1974 Lindfors 1974], pp.&#x20;471–486.</ref> == Emirimo == === 1957–1967: Omurimo gwe gw'okubanza === Soyinka akaguma omuri Leeds bwanyima y'okutunga diguri ye eya BA honours omu Rungyereza omuri 1957.<ref name=":2" /> Omu 1957, akatandika kuhandiika emizaano ye ey'okubanza, ''Swamp Dwellers'' na ''The Lion and the Jewel''. Soyinka akaza London kandi yaakora nk'omushomi w'emizaano aha Royal Court Theatre. Akebembera ekibiina kya Nigerian Drama Group ekyakozire The Swamp Dwellers omuri 1958. Omu bwire obwo, emizaano ye ebiri ekazaanwa omuri Ibadan, Nigeria. Omuri 1957, omuzaano gwe, The Invention, gukashohozibwa aha Royal Court Theatre omuri London, kandi gukaba guri omurimo gwe gw'okubanza aha.<ref>"Wole Soyinka". ''African Biography''. Detroit, MI: Gale (published 2 December 2006). 1999. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-2823-9|978-0-7876-2823-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akahandiika ebyevugo, otwariiremu "''The Immigrant''" hamwe na "''My Next Door Neighbour''", ebyareebekire omuri Black Orpheus. Omuri 1959, Soyinka akagaruka Nigeria bwanyima y'okutunga obuhwezi bwa Rockefeller Research Fellowship ahabw'okucondooza kwe aha by'emizaano ya Afirika. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe omwaka nigwo gumwe, akaza omu mwanya gwa Janheinz Jahn nk'omwe ahabahandiiki babiri bakuru ba Black Orpheus.<ref>Jacobs, Alan. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/trials-brother-jero The Trials Of Brother Jero]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu 1960, akamara omuzaano gwe ogwa reediyo Camwood on the Leaves, kandi n'omuzaano gwe ''The Trials of Brother Jero'' gukatongozibwa omu Mellanby Hall residence of University College Ibadan omu Kwakana 1960. Akakora ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Mask omu myaka ya 1960. Omuzaano gwe ogwa A Dance of The Forest, gukatongozibwa nk'omuzaano gw'eizooba ry'okwetegyeka kwa Nigeria, kandi ebiro 1 Okwaikumi 1960, gukatongozibwa omuri Lagos.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[[:en:BlackPast.org|Wole Soyinka (1934- )". ''BlackPast.org'']]. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Omuzaano gwa Soyinka ogw'okubanza ogurikwetwa My Father's Burden, gukaba nigwebemberwa Olusegun Olusola kandi gukaba nigworekwa aha Western Nigeria Television ebiro 6 Okwamunaana 1960.<ref>Uzoatu, Uzor Maxim (5 October 2013). "[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/146108-essential-soyinka-timeline-uzor-maxim-uzoatu.html The Essential Soyinka Timeline]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref> Omu 1962, Soyinka akahandiika ebihandiiko birikurwanirira okushoma n'okuhandiika omuri Nigeria omu bwire obwo otwariiremu "Death of the King's Horsemen" hamwe na "Towards a True Theater", ebyashohoziibwe omu Transition Magazine.<ref>Amayi, Zakayo (22 June 2013). "[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/standard-entertainment/article/2000086475/soyinkas-grumpy-battles-to-defend-literary-legacy Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's grumpy battles to defend literary legacy]". Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa aha Obafemi Awolowo University omuri Ifẹ. Omu 1963, firimu ye y'okubanza, Culture in Transition, ekashohozibwa. Soyinka akarekura omurimo gwe aha Yunivasite omuri 1964, nk'okwesharinga ahabw'emitwarize y'okushagika gavumenti eyateirweho ab'obushoborozi. Akagira ngu ab'obushoborozi omu yunivasite bakakwatanisa eitendekyero n'obutegyeki bwa Samuel Ladoke Akintola obwabaire butarikukundwa. Omu bwire obwo, akakora The Lion and the Jewel<ref>"[https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/critical-responses-to-african-theatre-wole-soyinkas-the-lion-and-the-jewel-by-professor-martin-banham/ Critical Responses to African Theatre: Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel by Professor Martin Banham | Black Plays Archive]". ''www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> omu siizoni y'emizaano omu Rungyereza na Yoruba hamwe n'okutandikaho The Orisun Theatre Company, guruupu ya theatre. Omu 1965, akakora omuzaano gwa gurikujumirira emitwarize mibi omungyeru erikushestya, ''Before the Blackout''.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/african-theatre-soyinka/ Review of African Theatre Soyinka: Blackout, Blowout and Beyond | Centre for African Studies (LUCAS)]". ''lucas.leeds.ac.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuzano gwe, Kongi's Harvest, gukatandika omu Kwamunaana omuri Lagos. Ebiro 14 September 1965, omuzaano gwe The Road gukatandika kworekwa omuri London aha Commonwealth Arts Festival hamwe na Theatre Royal Stratford East. Soyinka akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa mukuru aha Yunivasite ya Lagos. Juba, ekitabo kye ekisya The Interpreters kikashohozibwa André Deutsch omuri London. Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akakomwa omurundi gw'okubanza, yaajunaanwa okukwata reediyo aha mbundu akahindura akatambi k'ebigambo by'enganzi y'ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba n'akatambi akarikujunaana okwiba akaruuru. Akarekurwa bwanyima y'ameezi agamwe g'okukomwa ahabw'okwesharinga kw'abantu b'ensi yoona abahandiiki. Akahandiika n'ekitabo The Detainee, omuzaano gwa reediyo ogwashohozibwe BBC omuri London.<ref>Ezugwu, Obinna (19 July 2021). "[https://hallmarknews.com/salute-to-kongi-at-87/ Salute To Kongi At 87]". ''hallmarknews.com''. Retrieved 13 August 2022.</ref> === 1966–1968: Orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria === Bwanyima y'okuba Mukuru w'ekibiina ky'emizaano aha Yunivasite ya Ibadan, Soyinka akatandika kwejumba omu by'obutegyeki. Bwanyima y'amahe okuhamba obutegyeki omu kwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1966, akabugana omu kihama Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, gavana w'amahe ow'amashuuma g'oburugwa izooba bwa Nigeria omu kugyezaho okuzibira orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria.<ref>"[https://howng.com/professor-wole-soyinka-full-biographylife-and-news/ Professor Wole Soyinka Full Biography, Life And News]". ''howng.com''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Akaza n'omuri Ẹnugu, ahu yabugaine mugyenzi we Omuyoruba, Victor Banjọ, orikukora na gavumenti ya Biafra. Soyinka, owaashabire obushagiki bw'abeebembezi b'amahe omu kicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, akahitsya obutumwa bwa Banjo ahari Lieutenant Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo, owaabaire atoorainwe nk'omuduumizi w'amahe g'omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba. Omumwebazyo gw'akana, Soyinka agarukire omu mahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, amahe ga Biafra gakatahirira ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Bwanyima y'okutwara oburengyerwa-izooba, Soyinka akabugana Obasanjo kumugambira ekigyendererwa ky'Ababiafra ahabwokuba Obasanjo akaba yaacwiremu kwegaita aha gavumenti ya Nigeria. Kwonka okutahirira kwa Biafra ahagati yóburegyerwa eizooba kikarugamu okuhoorera okwakozirwe amahe ga gavumenti eya federo, kandi orutaro rw'omunda rukatandika. Obasanjo akashoboorora gavumenti ya Nigeria orukiiko rwe na Soyinka, yarangirira Soyinka nk'omuheekyera, n'ahabw'ekyo akakwatwa ab'obushoborozi bwa federo kandi yaakomwa kumara emyezi 22.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/07/27/wole.soyinka/index.html Wole Soyinka: Nigeria's Nobel Laureate]". ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. 1 August 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2026.</ref> Akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi n'byevugo arikujuumirira gavumenti ya Nigeria obu yaabaire ari omu kihome.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (2006), ''You Must Set Forth at Dawn'', p. 6.</ref> Omu kutandika kwa 1967, ebihandiiko bye Kongi’s Harvest na Idanre and Other Poems bikashohozibwa.<ref>"[https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/engp06/chapter/wole-soyinka-kongis-harvest/ Wole Soyinka, Kongi's Harvest – African & Caribbean Writing in English]". ''ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Ari na Tom Stoppard, akatunga ekirabo kya John Whiting omuri London. Akatooranwa kuba mukuru w'eishomero rya Drama, Yunivasite ya Ibadan kwonka akaremwa kutwara entebe egyo ahabw'okubohwa omu kwezi kwa munaana. N'obu araabe yaabaire ari omu kihome, omuzaano gwe ogurikwetwa The Lion and The Jewel gukagumizamu gwashohozibwa omuri Accra, Ghana omu Kwamwenda 1967. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Strong Breed bikashohozibwa aba Off-Broadway omu Greenwich Mews Theatre omuri New York City. Omuri 1968, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Jock Campbell-New Statesman Award. Ekibiina kya Negro Ensemble Company kikashohoza Kongi's Harvest aha St. Mark's Theatre, New York.<ref>"[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,838330,00.html Theater: Kongi's Harvest]". ''Time''. 26 April 1968. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X 0040-781X]. Retrieved 7 May 2022.</ref> Akavunuura D. O. Fagunwa's Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irunmale kuruga omu rurimi rwa Yoruba kuza omu Rungyereza. Kikashohozibwa nka The Forest of a Thousand Demons: A Hunter's Saga. === Okurekurwa n'okushohoza ebitabo. === Omu Okwaikumi 1969, emyezi mikye erikuburayo orutaro rw'omunda rukahwa, okusaasira kukarangirirwa, Soyinka hamwe n'abandi basibe b'eby'obutegyeki barekurwa.<ref>PEN America (16 April 2012). "[https://pen.org/case-histories-wole-soyinka/ Case Histories: Wole Soyinka]". ''PEN America''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omu myezi mikye y'okubanza bwanyima y'okurekurwa kwe, Soyinka akaguma aha faamu ya munywani we omu mashuuma ga Bufaransa, ahu yaasherwire kuhuumuraho wenka. Akahandiika The Bacchae of Euripides (1969), ekihandiiko kihindwiremu kushushana enfumu ya Pentheus.<ref name=":3">Killam and Rowe (eds), ''The Companion to African Literature'' (2000), p. 276.</ref> Kandi akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebyevugo omuri London, kikwetwa Poems from Prison. Aha muheru gw'omwaka, akagaruka omu ofiisi ye nk'orikukurira eby'emizaano omuri Ibadan.<ref name=":5">"[https://dailytrust.com/things-to-know-about-prof-wole-soyinka-at-89/ Things To Know About Prof Wole Soyinka At 89]". ''[[:en:Daily_Trust|Daily Trust]]''. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omu 1970, akashohoza omuzaano Kongi's Harvest, kandi omu bwire bumwe akaguhindura nk'omuzaano gwa firimu gw'eiziina niryo rimwe, Kongi's Harvest. Omu Kwamukaaga 1970, akamara omuzaano ogundi, ogurikwetwa Madmen and Specialists.<ref>Ajeluorou, Anote (25 July 2015). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/periscoping-a-senseless-war-in-madmen-and-specialists/ Periscoping A Senseless War In Madmen And Specialists]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</ref> Arikukoragana n'ekibiina ky'abazaani 15 ba Ibadan University Theatre Art Company, akagyenda United States, kureeba Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center omuri Waterford, Connecticut, ahu omuzaano gwe oguyabaire ahererukurieyo kuhandiika gwayorekirwe omurundi gwokubanza.[citation needed] Omu 1971, ekitabo kye ky'ebyevugo ekya A Shuttle in the Crypt kikashohozibwa. Madmen and Specialists kikashohozibwa omuri Ibadan omwaka ogwo.<ref>Lee, Christopher J. (25 March 2020). "[http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/reading-wole-soyinka-s-madmen-and-specialists-time-pandemic Reading Wole Soyinka's 'Madmen and Specialists' in a Time of Pandemic]". ''Warscapes''.</ref> Omu Kwakana 1971, ahabw'okwerarikirira aha mbeera y'eby'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria, Soyinka akarekura emirimo ye aha Yunivasite omuri Ibadan, kandi yaatandika emyaka mingi ayetwaire omubuzaahe. kuza omu buzaahe.<ref name=":6">Adegbamigbe, Ademola (13 July 2019). "[https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/07/13/soyinka-at-85-why-i-detained-him-for-2-years-during-civil-war-yakubu-gowon/ Soyinka at 85: 'Why I Detained Him for 2 Years During the Civil War' - Yakubu Gowon]". ''The NEWS''. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</ref> Soyinka akagyenda omuri Paris, Bufaransa, kutwara omurimo gw'okuzaana nka Patrice Lumumba, mukuru w'eihanga w'okubanza rya Repubulika ya Kongo owaisirwe, omu muzaano ogwashohozibwe Joan Littlewood omu kwakataano 1971 ogurikwetwa Murderous Angels, omuzaano gwa Conor Cruise O'Brien ogwabaire nigukwata aha buremeezi bwa Kongo.<ref name=":4">Gibbs, James. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/soyinka-wole-13-july-1934 Soyinka, Wole 1934–]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 September 2021. (Updated by [[:en:Tanure_Ojaide|Tanure Ojaide]].)</ref><ref>[[:en:Biodun_Jeyifo|Jeyifo, Biodun]] (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nwhlgrVqvYkC&q=%22Murderous+Angels%22%3D&pg=PR27 Chronology]". ''Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, and Postcolonialism''. Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;xxvii. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139439084|9781139439084]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri Paris, ebicweka kuruga omu muzaano gwa Soyinka ogurikumanywa munonga The Dance of The Forests bikazaanwa.<ref>Adenekan, Sulaiman (2016). "[https://www.tradenewswire.net/the-pride-of-africa-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-clocks-85-years-serving-humanity-poetically/ The Pride of Africa: Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka clocks 85 years serving humanity poeticall]y". ''Trade Newswire''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Omu 1972, ekitabo kye Season of Anomy hamwe na Collected Plays byona bikashohozibwa Oxford University Press. Ekihandiiko kye ky'ebirikumukwataho ekya The Man Died, ekirikurundaana ebi yaahandiikire omu kihome, nakyo kikashohozibwa omwaka ogwo.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/biographical/ Wole Soyinka | Biographical]", The Nobel Prize, 1986.</ref> Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Honoris Causa doctorate kuruga omu Yunivasite ya Leeds omuri 1973.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/honorary-degree/ Honorary Degree]", Leeds ''African Studies Bulletin'' 19 (November 1973), pp. 1–2. [Professor Soyinka receiving the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from the Chancellor, HRH the Duchess of Kent, on Thursday 17 May 1973 – image from 'Nobel Prize for Leeds Graduate', ''The Reporter'' (the University of Leeds), 258, 24 October 1986.]</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, National Theatre, London, ekashaba kandi yaatongoza omuzaano The Bacchae of Euripides,<ref name=":3" /> kandi emizaano ye Camwood on the Leaves na Jero's Metamorphosis nayo ekaba eri ey'okubanza kushohozibwa. Akamara omwaka gumwe nk'omugyenyi aha Churchill College, Cambridge<ref>Gumbel, Andrew (3 November 2005). "[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/03/theatre3 Wole Soyinka on how he came to write Death and the King's Horseman]". ''The Guardian''.</ref> (1973–74)<ref name=":4" /> kandi yaahandiika Death and the King's Horseman, ekyashomirwe omurundi gw'okubanza aha Churchill College.<ref name=":5" /> Omu 1974, Oxford University Press ekashohoza Soyinka's Collected Plays, Volume II. Akateeraho hamwe ekitabo kya 1975 Poems of Black Africa, ekyashohoziibwe nka kimwe ahakicweka kya Heinemann African Writers Series.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JtqywAEACAAJ Poems of Black Africa]'', Heinemann African Writers Series, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]. <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780435901714|9780435901714]]</bdi>.</ref> Kandi omuri 1975, Soyinka akakuzibwa yaaza aha ntebe y'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka Transition Magazine, akaabaire nikashangwa omu kibuga ekikuru ekya Ghana ekya Accra, ahu yaafurukiire.<ref name=":6" /> Akakoresa ebihandiiko bye omu magaziini kujumirira abo abarikusaasibwa munonga abairaguju (nk'eky'okureeberaho, ekicweka kye "Neo-Tarzanism: Eby'obutegyeki obwa Pseudo-Transition) hamwe n'obutegyeki bw'amahe. Akeesharinga ahabw'obutegyeki bw'amahe obwa Idi Amin omu Uganda. Bwanyima y'empindahinduka omu by'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria hamwe n'okuhenda gavumenti y'amahe eya Gowon omuri 1975, Soyinka akagaruka omu ihanga rye kandi yaagaruka omu mwanya gwe nka mukuru w'okugyeragyeranisa ebyahandiikirwe. omu Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref name=":6" /> === Okushomesa === Kuruga 1975 kuhisya 1999, Soyinka akaheereza nka Purofeesa w'ebitabo ebirikugyeragyeranisibwa aha Obafemi Awolowo University.<ref>Odinaka (31 July 2018). "[https://www.tori.ng/news/102835/the-house-prof-soyinka-lived-in-during-oau-days-tu.html The House Prof. Soyinka Lived In During OAU Days, Turned Into A Campus Museum (Photos)]". ''Tori.ng''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Amerika, akeegyesa aha Cornell University nk'omuhangu wa Goldwin Smith omu kwega aha Afirika hamwe n'eby'emizaano kuruga 1988 kuhisya 1991. Aha Yunivasite ya Emory, akatooranwa nka Robert W. Woodruff Purofeesa w'eby'emikono omuri 1996 kandi atwire ari Purofeesa w'okuhandiika omu Yunivasite ya Nevada, Las Vegas. Soyinka akaheereza scholar-in-residence omu Institute of African American Affairs eya New York University hamwe na Loyola Marymount University omuri Los Angeles, California. Akegyesa n'aha Yunivasite za Cambridge, Oxford, Harvard na Yale. Akaba ari omwegi w'amaani omu kutuura aha Yunivasite ya Duke omuri 2008.<ref>"[https://alumni.duke.edu/magazine/articles/soyinka-stage Soyinka on Stage | Nobel laureate works with student production of his play]". ''Duke Magazine''. No.&#x20;January–February 2011. 31 January 2011. Retrieved 18 April 2021.</ref> Omu Kwaikumi na kubiri 2017, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Europe Theatre Prize omu kicweka kya "Special Prize" category,<ref>Ajibade, Kunle (12 December 2017). "[https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2017/12/12/wole-soyinka-wins-europe-theatre-prize/ Wole Soyinka Wins The Europe Theatre Prize]". ''[[:en:P.M._News|P.M. News]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref><ref>"[https://www.concisenews.global/news/soyinka-wins-2017-the-europe-theatre-prize/ Soyinka Wins 2017 Europe Theatre Prize]". ''Concise News''. 15 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> ekyahairwe omuntu owaabaire "aine ekyayongyeireho omu kuhikiiriza emikoro y'eby'obuhangwa erikureetaho okwetegyereza n'okubagana amagyezi ahagati y'abantu".<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20171225034855/http://www.jamesmurua.com/wole-soyinka-to-receive-europe-theatre-prize-2017/ Wole Soyinka to receive Europe Theatre Prize 2017]". ''James Murua's Literature Blog''. 14 December 2017. Archived from the original on 25 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> Ebiro 1 September 2022, Soyinka akatwara entebe y'okuba Purofeesa w'eby'emizaano aha New York University Abu Dhabi.<ref>"[https://www.wam.ae/en/article/hszrfcet-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-joins-nyu-abu-dhabi Nobel laureate Wole Soyinka joins NYU Abu Dhabi faculty]". Emirates News Agency-WAM. 23 August 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref><ref>"[https://nyuad.nyu.edu/en/academics/divisions/arts-and-humanities/faculty/wole-soyinka.html Wole Soyinka | Arts Professor of Theater]". ''nyuad.nyu.edu''. New York University Abu Dhabi. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref> Omu 1976, akashohoza ekitabo kye ky'ebitebyo Ogun Abibiman, hamwe n'ekitabo ky'ebihandiiko ekiine omutwe Myth, Literature and the African World.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/facts/ The Nobel Prize in Literature 1986]". ''NobelPrize.org''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omuri ebi, Soyinka naashwijuma oburugo bw'oburagwa omu katemba ka Afirika kandi, arikukoresa eby'okureeberaho kuruga omuri Buraaya na Afirika, naagyeragyeranisa kandi akashoboorora eby'obuhangwa. Akaha orubazo rw'omutaano aha itendekyero ry'okushwijuma Afirika aha Yunivasite ya Ghana omuri Legon. Omu Okwaikumi 1976, envunuura ya Bufaransa eya The Dance of The Forests<ref>"[https://abjournals.org/ajchrt/papers/volume-8/issue-1/ghost-dirge-and-the-forest-dance-in-soyinkas-metathysical-play-a-dance-of-the-forests/ Ghost, Dirge and the Forest Dance in Soyinka's Metaphysical Play "A Dance of the Forests]". ''African Journal of Culture, History, Religion and Traditions (AJCHRT)''. 24 November 2024. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> ekazaanwa omuri Dakar. Omu 1977, Opera Wọnyọsi, okuhindura kwe okw'omuzzano gwa Bertolt Brecht, T''he Threepenny Opera'', gukazaanira omuri Ibadan. Omu 1979, Soyinka akebembera kandi yazaana omu muzaano gwa Jon Blair na Norman Fenton ogurikwetwa The Biko Inquest, omzaano ogurikwegamira aha magara ga Steve Biko, omwegi wa South Africa kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe bw'abantu owaateirwe akafa ahabwa pooriisi y'omuri South Africa eyabaire neekuratira engyenderwaho y'okushoroora omu bantu.<ref name=":4" /> Omu 1981 Soyinka akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebirikumukwataho Aké: The Years of Childhood, ekyasingire ekirabo kya 1983 Anisfield-Wolf Book Award.[55] == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == 22vy7gz7rvevlw1ayzn80u2u69ovrob 7256340 7256339 2026-07-20T09:35:02Z Rooth N 2608660 7256340 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wp/nyn]] '''Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola] 2021, p.&#x20;34.</ref>''', a'''kazaarwa 13 Okwamushanju 1934) n'omuhandiiki Omunigeria, w'emizaano, kandi omuhandiiki w'ebitabo. Akahandiika ebitabo bishatu, by'ebitabo by'emigane mikye eikumi, ebitabo mushanju by'ebyevugo, ebitabo by'emizaano abiri na bitaano, hamwe n'ebitabo bitaano by'ebirikumukwataho.<ref name=":2">Gibbs, James (1986). ''Wole Soyinka''. Basingstoke: [[:en:Macmillan_Publishers|Macmillan]]. p.&#x20;3. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780333305287|9780333305287]]</bdi>.</ref> Ahandiikire ebitabo bibiri ebivunwirwe hamwe n'ebicweka bingi hamwe n'ebitebyo bikye bikye by'okuhandiikisa empapura z'amakuru hamwe n'ebitabo by'obwire bukye. Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel eky'omwaka 1986 omu by'obuhangwa ahabw'okugira ngu akaba naashwijuma "ebintu bingi ebirikukwata aha buhangwa hamwe n'orurimi rw'okwevuga ahabirikukwata aha kubaho kw'abantu".<ref>Abdullahi, Idowu (11 October 2024). "[https://punchng.com/nobel-laureate-award-exposed-me-to-danger-wole-soyinka/ Nobel Laureate award exposed me to danger]". ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Akazaarwa omu ka y'Abakurisitaayo Abayoruba omuri Aké, Abeokuta.<ref>"[https://dawncommission.org/professor-wole-soyinka/ Professor Wole Soyinka – DAWN Commission]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref><ref name=":0">"[https://wolesoyinkalecture.org/about-wole-soyinka-2/ About Wole Soyinka]". ''Wole Soyinka Lecture Series''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Soyinka akatunga obwegyese obw'okumutebeekanisa aha Government College, Ibadan kandi yaagyenda aha University College Ibadan. Omu bwire bw'obwegyese bwe, akatandikaho ekibiina kya Pyrate Confraternity.<ref name=":0" /> Soyinka akaruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza kwega aha Yunivasite ya Leeds. Omu bwire obwo, niwe yaabaire ari omuhandiiki w'akatabo ka yunivasite, The Eagle, atakabaire muhandiiki ow'obutwire omu myaka ya 1950.<ref>"[https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/wole-soyinka/ Wole Soyinka – Narrative Landscape Press]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Bungyereza, akatandika kuhandiika ebitebyo bigufu n'okukora ebihandiiko aha BBC Lecture series. Akahandiika emizaano mingi eyazaanairwe aha reediyo hamwe n'omu myanya y'emizaano omuri Nigeria hamwe na Bungyereza, okukira munonga Royal Court Theatre.<ref>"[https://livingarchive.royalcourttheatre.com/black-plays-1960s/ Black Plays 1960s]". ''Royal Court - Living Archive''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Ebitabo bya Soyinka bingi hamwe n'emizaano ye, nibiteebwaho omuri Nigeria, ekirikworeka ebyafaayo by'eihanga eryo, eby'obuhangwa, hamwe n'oburemeezi bw'eby'obutegyeki. Oyihireho emirimo egi, akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi ebirikujumiirira emitwarize mibi y'abantu omungyeri erikushetsya. Ebihandiiko ebi bikajanjaara omu bantu baingi kandi byakundwa munonga. Atungire obusinguzi n'emizaano ye, otwariiremu The Swamp Dwellers (1958), The Lion and the Jewel (1959), na The Invention (1957), omuzaano gumwe ahayabandize, ogwakoriirwe aha Royal Court Theatre. Soyinka ahandiikire ebitabo bingi, otwariiremu The Interpreters (1965), Season of Anomy (1973), Death and the King's Horseman, Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth (2021), na Harmattan Haze on an African Spring (2012). Omu Kwamushanju 2024, Bola Tinubu akahindura eiziina ry'ekishengye ky'emizaano ekya National Arts Theatre ahanyima ya Soyinka aha mazaarwa ge ag'emyaka 90. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Soyinka akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju 1934 omuri Ake, Abeokuta, Nigeria omu ka y'Abakristaayo ey'obuzaare bw'Abayoruba. Akaba ari owa kabiri omu baana mushanju[a] ba Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, omuheereza w'Abakuristayo kandi mukuru w'eishomero kuruga omu ruganda rw'obugabe orwa Isara-Remo[<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1988 Gibbs 1988], pp.&#x20;526.</ref> hamwe na Grace Soyinka (née Jenkins-Harrison), omushubuuzi kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe kuruga omu ruganda rwa Ransome-Kuti.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFMaduakor1986 Maduakor 1986], pp.&#x20;227.</ref> Nyina Grace hamwe n'ab'eka ye, aba Ransome-Kutis, bakaba bari ab'eka y'amaani omuri Nigeria<ref>Staff writer (9 May 2014). "[https://businessday.ng/family-and-relationships/article/great-dynasties-the-ransome-kutis/ Great Dynasties:The Ransome-Kutis]". ''[[:en:BusinessDay_(Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> abarikugambwaho nk'ekigarukwamu kya Nigeria aha ka ya Kennedy omuri United States. Owaabatandikireho, omusesorodooti w'Abakuristaayo J. J. Ransome-Kuti, akaba ari omuntu w'okubanza omu ihanga rye omu by'okushohoza ebyeshongoro omu myaka ya 1920.<ref>Sansom, Ian. "[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/11/fela-kuti-great-dynasties-ian-sansom Great Dynasties: The Ransome-Kutis]". ''theguardian.com''. Retrieved 17 January 2026.</ref> Kuruga 1940 kuhistya 1946, Soyinka akaba naashoma aha St. Peters Primary School, ahu ishe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eishomero.<ref>"[https://guardian.ng/art/genius-of-the-unconventional-and-the-patterning-of-dualities-wole-soyinkas-early-childhood-part-3/ Genius of the unconventional and the patterning of dualities: Wole Soyinka's early childhood]". ''T[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|he Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akashomera siniya ye Abeokuta Grammar School kandi okushoma kwe okw'okweteekateekyera Yunivasite aha Government College, Ibadan kuruga 1946 kuhisya 1951.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/soyinka-wole-1934/ Wole Soyinka (1934- )]". ''[[:en:BlackPast.org|BlackPast.org]]''. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akaheebwa omwanya omu University College Ibadan, ahu yaashomire ebyahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza, Orugriika, hamwe n'ebyafaayo by'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kuruga 1952 kuhisya 1954.<ref name=":1">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola 2021], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Omu myaka ye y'ahamuheru omu yunivasite, akahandiika omuzaano mugufu aha reediyo, Keffi's Birthday Treat, ogwashohwire omu Kwamushanju 1954 kuruga omu kitongore kya Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1980 Gibbs 1980], p.&#x20;21.</ref> Hamwe n'abeegi bagyenzi be otwariiremu Olumuyiwa Awẹ, Ralph Opara, Aig-Imoukhuede, na Pius Olegbe, akatandikaho ekibiina ekirikwetwa National Association of Seadogs, ekibiina ky'okubanza omuri Nigeria.<ref name=":1" /> Soyinka akafuruka kuruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza omuri 1954 kugumizamu n'emishomo ye omu byahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza aha Yunivasite ya Leeds arikureebererwa G. Wilson Knight.<ref>''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFEncyclopedia_Britannica2024 Encyclopedia Britannica]'' 2024.</ref> Okusharamu kw'okushoma aheeru y'eihanga omu bwire obwo obu okushoma diguri ya kabiri kyabaire kitarikubaho omuri Ibadan kikaba kiri kurabira omuri Joyce M. Green, omukazi Omungyereza owaizire omu University College, Ibadan kuruga Cambridge omuri 1950, kandi owaabaire ari omwe aha beegyesa ba Soyinka kandi owaabaire amuhaire ekihandiiko kirungi eky'okumugambaho omuri Leeds.<ref>Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi (28 July 2019). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/soyinkas-early-romance-with-england-1954-1959-a-cold-chapter-for-an-anti-form-rebel-part-1/ Soyinka's early romance with England 1954-1959: A cold chapter for an anti-form rebel]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 8 January 2026.</ref> Aha yunivasite ya Leeds, akaheereza nk'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka yunivasite akarikushetsya, The Eagle, omuri ako yaahandiika ekicweka aha magara g'eby'okushoma. Omu Kwamunaana 1955, akatandika kukwata ebyeshongoro aha BBC Lecture kandi yaahandiika ebitebyo bigufu nyingi. Omuri 1957, akasingura empaka z'okugamba ezirikubaho buri mwaka ezirikuteebwaho Yunivasite.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFLindfors1974 Lindfors 1974], pp.&#x20;471–486.</ref> == Emirimo == === 1957–1967: Omurimo gwe gw'okubanza === Soyinka akaguma omuri Leeds bwanyima y'okutunga diguri ye eya BA honours omu Rungyereza omuri 1957.<ref name=":2" /> Omu 1957, akatandika kuhandiika emizaano ye ey'okubanza, ''Swamp Dwellers'' na ''The Lion and the Jewel''. Soyinka akaza London kandi yaakora nk'omushomi w'emizaano aha Royal Court Theatre. Akebembera ekibiina kya Nigerian Drama Group ekyakozire The Swamp Dwellers omuri 1958. Omu bwire obwo, emizaano ye ebiri ekazaanwa omuri Ibadan, Nigeria. Omuri 1957, omuzaano gwe, The Invention, gukashohozibwa aha Royal Court Theatre omuri London, kandi gukaba guri omurimo gwe gw'okubanza aha.<ref>"Wole Soyinka". ''African Biography''. Detroit, MI: Gale (published 2 December 2006). 1999. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-2823-9|978-0-7876-2823-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akahandiika ebyevugo, otwariiremu "''The Immigrant''" hamwe na "''My Next Door Neighbour''", ebyareebekire omuri Black Orpheus. Omuri 1959, Soyinka akagaruka Nigeria bwanyima y'okutunga obuhwezi bwa Rockefeller Research Fellowship ahabw'okucondooza kwe aha by'emizaano ya Afirika. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe omwaka nigwo gumwe, akaza omu mwanya gwa Janheinz Jahn nk'omwe ahabahandiiki babiri bakuru ba Black Orpheus.<ref>Jacobs, Alan. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/trials-brother-jero The Trials Of Brother Jero]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu 1960, akamara omuzaano gwe ogwa reediyo Camwood on the Leaves, kandi n'omuzaano gwe ''The Trials of Brother Jero'' gukatongozibwa omu Mellanby Hall residence of University College Ibadan omu Kwakana 1960. Akakora ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Mask omu myaka ya 1960. Omuzaano gwe ogwa A Dance of The Forest, gukatongozibwa nk'omuzaano gw'eizooba ry'okwetegyeka kwa Nigeria, kandi ebiro 1 Okwaikumi 1960, gukatongozibwa omuri Lagos.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[[:en:BlackPast.org|Wole Soyinka (1934- )". ''BlackPast.org'']]. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Omuzaano gwa Soyinka ogw'okubanza ogurikwetwa My Father's Burden, gukaba nigwebemberwa Olusegun Olusola kandi gukaba nigworekwa aha Western Nigeria Television ebiro 6 Okwamunaana 1960.<ref>Uzoatu, Uzor Maxim (5 October 2013). "[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/146108-essential-soyinka-timeline-uzor-maxim-uzoatu.html The Essential Soyinka Timeline]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref> Omu 1962, Soyinka akahandiika ebihandiiko birikurwanirira okushoma n'okuhandiika omuri Nigeria omu bwire obwo otwariiremu "Death of the King's Horsemen" hamwe na "Towards a True Theater", ebyashohoziibwe omu Transition Magazine.<ref>Amayi, Zakayo (22 June 2013). "[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/standard-entertainment/article/2000086475/soyinkas-grumpy-battles-to-defend-literary-legacy Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's grumpy battles to defend literary legacy]". Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa aha Obafemi Awolowo University omuri Ifẹ. Omu 1963, firimu ye y'okubanza, Culture in Transition, ekashohozibwa. Soyinka akarekura omurimo gwe aha Yunivasite omuri 1964, nk'okwesharinga ahabw'emitwarize y'okushagika gavumenti eyateirweho ab'obushoborozi. Akagira ngu ab'obushoborozi omu yunivasite bakakwatanisa eitendekyero n'obutegyeki bwa Samuel Ladoke Akintola obwabaire butarikukundwa. Omu bwire obwo, akakora The Lion and the Jewel<ref>"[https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/critical-responses-to-african-theatre-wole-soyinkas-the-lion-and-the-jewel-by-professor-martin-banham/ Critical Responses to African Theatre: Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel by Professor Martin Banham | Black Plays Archive]". ''www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> omu siizoni y'emizaano omu Rungyereza na Yoruba hamwe n'okutandikaho The Orisun Theatre Company, guruupu ya theatre. Omu 1965, akakora omuzaano gwa gurikujumirira emitwarize mibi omungyeru erikushestya, ''Before the Blackout''.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/african-theatre-soyinka/ Review of African Theatre Soyinka: Blackout, Blowout and Beyond | Centre for African Studies (LUCAS)]". ''lucas.leeds.ac.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuzano gwe, Kongi's Harvest, gukatandika omu Kwamunaana omuri Lagos. Ebiro 14 September 1965, omuzaano gwe The Road gukatandika kworekwa omuri London aha Commonwealth Arts Festival hamwe na Theatre Royal Stratford East. Soyinka akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa mukuru aha Yunivasite ya Lagos. Juba, ekitabo kye ekisya The Interpreters kikashohozibwa André Deutsch omuri London. Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akakomwa omurundi gw'okubanza, yaajunaanwa okukwata reediyo aha mbundu akahindura akatambi k'ebigambo by'enganzi y'ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba n'akatambi akarikujunaana okwiba akaruuru. Akarekurwa bwanyima y'ameezi agamwe g'okukomwa ahabw'okwesharinga kw'abantu b'ensi yoona abahandiiki. Akahandiika n'ekitabo The Detainee, omuzaano gwa reediyo ogwashohozibwe BBC omuri London.<ref>Ezugwu, Obinna (19 July 2021). "[https://hallmarknews.com/salute-to-kongi-at-87/ Salute To Kongi At 87]". ''hallmarknews.com''. Retrieved 13 August 2022.</ref> === 1966–1968: Orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria === Bwanyima y'okuba Mukuru w'ekibiina ky'emizaano aha Yunivasite ya Ibadan, Soyinka akatandika kwejumba omu by'obutegyeki. Bwanyima y'amahe okuhamba obutegyeki omu kwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1966, akabugana omu kihama Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, gavana w'amahe ow'amashuuma g'oburugwa izooba bwa Nigeria omu kugyezaho okuzibira orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria.<ref>"[https://howng.com/professor-wole-soyinka-full-biographylife-and-news/ Professor Wole Soyinka Full Biography, Life And News]". ''howng.com''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Akaza n'omuri Ẹnugu, ahu yabugaine mugyenzi we Omuyoruba, Victor Banjọ, orikukora na gavumenti ya Biafra. Soyinka, owaashabire obushagiki bw'abeebembezi b'amahe omu kicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, akahitsya obutumwa bwa Banjo ahari Lieutenant Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo, owaabaire atoorainwe nk'omuduumizi w'amahe g'omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba. Omumwebazyo gw'akana, Soyinka agarukire omu mahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, amahe ga Biafra gakatahirira ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Bwanyima y'okutwara oburengyerwa-izooba, Soyinka akabugana Obasanjo kumugambira ekigyendererwa ky'Ababiafra ahabwokuba Obasanjo akaba yaacwiremu kwegaita aha gavumenti ya Nigeria. Kwonka okutahirira kwa Biafra ahagati yóburegyerwa eizooba kikarugamu okuhoorera okwakozirwe amahe ga gavumenti eya federo, kandi orutaro rw'omunda rukatandika. Obasanjo akashoboorora gavumenti ya Nigeria orukiiko rwe na Soyinka, yarangirira Soyinka nk'omuheekyera, n'ahabw'ekyo akakwatwa ab'obushoborozi bwa federo kandi yaakomwa kumara emyezi 22.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/07/27/wole.soyinka/index.html Wole Soyinka: Nigeria's Nobel Laureate]". ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. 1 August 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2026.</ref> Akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi n'byevugo arikujuumirira gavumenti ya Nigeria obu yaabaire ari omu kihome.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (2006), ''You Must Set Forth at Dawn'', p. 6.</ref> Omu kutandika kwa 1967, ebihandiiko bye Kongi’s Harvest na Idanre and Other Poems bikashohozibwa.<ref>"[https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/engp06/chapter/wole-soyinka-kongis-harvest/ Wole Soyinka, Kongi's Harvest – African & Caribbean Writing in English]". ''ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Ari na Tom Stoppard, akatunga ekirabo kya John Whiting omuri London. Akatooranwa kuba mukuru w'eishomero rya Drama, Yunivasite ya Ibadan kwonka akaremwa kutwara entebe egyo ahabw'okubohwa omu kwezi kwa munaana. N'obu araabe yaabaire ari omu kihome, omuzaano gwe ogurikwetwa The Lion and The Jewel gukagumizamu gwashohozibwa omuri Accra, Ghana omu Kwamwenda 1967. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Strong Breed bikashohozibwa aba Off-Broadway omu Greenwich Mews Theatre omuri New York City. Omuri 1968, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Jock Campbell-New Statesman Award. Ekibiina kya Negro Ensemble Company kikashohoza Kongi's Harvest aha St. Mark's Theatre, New York.<ref>"[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,838330,00.html Theater: Kongi's Harvest]". ''Time''. 26 April 1968. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X 0040-781X]. Retrieved 7 May 2022.</ref> Akavunuura D. O. Fagunwa's Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irunmale kuruga omu rurimi rwa Yoruba kuza omu Rungyereza. Kikashohozibwa nka The Forest of a Thousand Demons: A Hunter's Saga. === Okurekurwa n'okushohoza ebitabo. === Omu Okwaikumi 1969, emyezi mikye erikuburayo orutaro rw'omunda rukahwa, okusaasira kukarangirirwa, Soyinka hamwe n'abandi basibe b'eby'obutegyeki barekurwa.<ref>PEN America (16 April 2012). "[https://pen.org/case-histories-wole-soyinka/ Case Histories: Wole Soyinka]". ''PEN America''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omu myezi mikye y'okubanza bwanyima y'okurekurwa kwe, Soyinka akaguma aha faamu ya munywani we omu mashuuma ga Bufaransa, ahu yaasherwire kuhuumuraho wenka. Akahandiika The Bacchae of Euripides (1969), ekihandiiko kihindwiremu kushushana enfumu ya Pentheus.<ref name=":3">Killam and Rowe (eds), ''The Companion to African Literature'' (2000), p. 276.</ref> Kandi akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebyevugo omuri London, kikwetwa Poems from Prison. Aha muheru gw'omwaka, akagaruka omu ofiisi ye nk'orikukurira eby'emizaano omuri Ibadan.<ref name=":5">"[https://dailytrust.com/things-to-know-about-prof-wole-soyinka-at-89/ Things To Know About Prof Wole Soyinka At 89]". ''[[:en:Daily_Trust|Daily Trust]]''. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omu 1970, akashohoza omuzaano Kongi's Harvest, kandi omu bwire bumwe akaguhindura nk'omuzaano gwa firimu gw'eiziina niryo rimwe, Kongi's Harvest. Omu Kwamukaaga 1970, akamara omuzaano ogundi, ogurikwetwa Madmen and Specialists.<ref>Ajeluorou, Anote (25 July 2015). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/periscoping-a-senseless-war-in-madmen-and-specialists/ Periscoping A Senseless War In Madmen And Specialists]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</ref> Arikukoragana n'ekibiina ky'abazaani 15 ba Ibadan University Theatre Art Company, akagyenda United States, kureeba Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center omuri Waterford, Connecticut, ahu omuzaano gwe oguyabaire ahererukurieyo kuhandiika gwayorekirwe omurundi gwokubanza.[citation needed] Omu 1971, ekitabo kye ky'ebyevugo ekya A Shuttle in the Crypt kikashohozibwa. Madmen and Specialists kikashohozibwa omuri Ibadan omwaka ogwo.<ref>Lee, Christopher J. (25 March 2020). "[http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/reading-wole-soyinka-s-madmen-and-specialists-time-pandemic Reading Wole Soyinka's 'Madmen and Specialists' in a Time of Pandemic]". ''Warscapes''.</ref> Omu Kwakana 1971, ahabw'okwerarikirira aha mbeera y'eby'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria, Soyinka akarekura emirimo ye aha Yunivasite omuri Ibadan, kandi yaatandika emyaka mingi ayetwaire omubuzaahe. kuza omu buzaahe.<ref name=":6">Adegbamigbe, Ademola (13 July 2019). "[https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/07/13/soyinka-at-85-why-i-detained-him-for-2-years-during-civil-war-yakubu-gowon/ Soyinka at 85: 'Why I Detained Him for 2 Years During the Civil War' - Yakubu Gowon]". ''The NEWS''. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</ref> Soyinka akagyenda omuri Paris, Bufaransa, kutwara omurimo gw'okuzaana nka Patrice Lumumba, mukuru w'eihanga w'okubanza rya Repubulika ya Kongo owaisirwe, omu muzaano ogwashohozibwe Joan Littlewood omu kwakataano 1971 ogurikwetwa Murderous Angels, omuzaano gwa Conor Cruise O'Brien ogwabaire nigukwata aha buremeezi bwa Kongo.<ref name=":4">Gibbs, James. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/soyinka-wole-13-july-1934 Soyinka, Wole 1934–]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 September 2021. (Updated by [[:en:Tanure_Ojaide|Tanure Ojaide]].)</ref><ref>[[:en:Biodun_Jeyifo|Jeyifo, Biodun]] (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nwhlgrVqvYkC&q=%22Murderous+Angels%22%3D&pg=PR27 Chronology]". ''Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, and Postcolonialism''. Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;xxvii. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139439084|9781139439084]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri Paris, ebicweka kuruga omu muzaano gwa Soyinka ogurikumanywa munonga The Dance of The Forests bikazaanwa.<ref>Adenekan, Sulaiman (2016). "[https://www.tradenewswire.net/the-pride-of-africa-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-clocks-85-years-serving-humanity-poetically/ The Pride of Africa: Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka clocks 85 years serving humanity poeticall]y". ''Trade Newswire''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Omu 1972, ekitabo kye Season of Anomy hamwe na Collected Plays byona bikashohozibwa Oxford University Press. Ekihandiiko kye ky'ebirikumukwataho ekya The Man Died, ekirikurundaana ebi yaahandiikire omu kihome, nakyo kikashohozibwa omwaka ogwo.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/biographical/ Wole Soyinka | Biographical]", The Nobel Prize, 1986.</ref> Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Honoris Causa doctorate kuruga omu Yunivasite ya Leeds omuri 1973.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/honorary-degree/ Honorary Degree]", Leeds ''African Studies Bulletin'' 19 (November 1973), pp. 1–2. [Professor Soyinka receiving the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from the Chancellor, HRH the Duchess of Kent, on Thursday 17 May 1973 – image from 'Nobel Prize for Leeds Graduate', ''The Reporter'' (the University of Leeds), 258, 24 October 1986.]</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, National Theatre, London, ekashaba kandi yaatongoza omuzaano The Bacchae of Euripides,<ref name=":3" /> kandi emizaano ye Camwood on the Leaves na Jero's Metamorphosis nayo ekaba eri ey'okubanza kushohozibwa. Akamara omwaka gumwe nk'omugyenyi aha Churchill College, Cambridge<ref>Gumbel, Andrew (3 November 2005). "[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/03/theatre3 Wole Soyinka on how he came to write Death and the King's Horseman]". ''The Guardian''.</ref> (1973–74)<ref name=":4" /> kandi yaahandiika Death and the King's Horseman, ekyashomirwe omurundi gw'okubanza aha Churchill College.<ref name=":5" /> Omu 1974, Oxford University Press ekashohoza Soyinka's Collected Plays, Volume II. Akateeraho hamwe ekitabo kya 1975 Poems of Black Africa, ekyashohoziibwe nka kimwe ahakicweka kya Heinemann African Writers Series.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JtqywAEACAAJ Poems of Black Africa]'', Heinemann African Writers Series, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]. <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780435901714|9780435901714]]</bdi>.</ref> Kandi omuri 1975, Soyinka akakuzibwa yaaza aha ntebe y'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka Transition Magazine, akaabaire nikashangwa omu kibuga ekikuru ekya Ghana ekya Accra, ahu yaafurukiire.<ref name=":6" /> Akakoresa ebihandiiko bye omu magaziini kujumirira abo abarikusaasibwa munonga abairaguju (nk'eky'okureeberaho, ekicweka kye "Neo-Tarzanism: Eby'obutegyeki obwa Pseudo-Transition) hamwe n'obutegyeki bw'amahe. Akeesharinga ahabw'obutegyeki bw'amahe obwa Idi Amin omu Uganda. Bwanyima y'empindahinduka omu by'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria hamwe n'okuhenda gavumenti y'amahe eya Gowon omuri 1975, Soyinka akagaruka omu ihanga rye kandi yaagaruka omu mwanya gwe nka mukuru w'okugyeragyeranisa ebyahandiikirwe. omu Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref name=":6" /> === Okushomesa === Kuruga 1975 kuhisya 1999, Soyinka akaheereza nka Purofeesa w'ebitabo ebirikugyeragyeranisibwa aha Obafemi Awolowo University.<ref>Odinaka (31 July 2018). "[https://www.tori.ng/news/102835/the-house-prof-soyinka-lived-in-during-oau-days-tu.html The House Prof. Soyinka Lived In During OAU Days, Turned Into A Campus Museum (Photos)]". ''Tori.ng''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Amerika, akeegyesa aha Cornell University nk'omuhangu wa Goldwin Smith omu kwega aha Afirika hamwe n'eby'emizaano kuruga 1988 kuhisya 1991. Aha Yunivasite ya Emory, akatooranwa nka Robert W. Woodruff Purofeesa w'eby'emikono omuri 1996 kandi atwire ari Purofeesa w'okuhandiika omu Yunivasite ya Nevada, Las Vegas. Soyinka akaheereza scholar-in-residence omu Institute of African American Affairs eya New York University hamwe na Loyola Marymount University omuri Los Angeles, California. Akegyesa n'aha Yunivasite za Cambridge, Oxford, Harvard na Yale. Akaba ari omwegi w'amaani omu kutuura aha Yunivasite ya Duke omuri 2008.<ref>"[https://alumni.duke.edu/magazine/articles/soyinka-stage Soyinka on Stage | Nobel laureate works with student production of his play]". ''Duke Magazine''. No.&#x20;January–February 2011. 31 January 2011. Retrieved 18 April 2021.</ref> Omu Kwaikumi na kubiri 2017, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Europe Theatre Prize omu kicweka kya "Special Prize" category,<ref>Ajibade, Kunle (12 December 2017). "[https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2017/12/12/wole-soyinka-wins-europe-theatre-prize/ Wole Soyinka Wins The Europe Theatre Prize]". ''[[:en:P.M._News|P.M. News]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref><ref>"[https://www.concisenews.global/news/soyinka-wins-2017-the-europe-theatre-prize/ Soyinka Wins 2017 Europe Theatre Prize]". ''Concise News''. 15 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> ekyahairwe omuntu owaabaire "aine ekyayongyeireho omu kuhikiiriza emikoro y'eby'obuhangwa erikureetaho okwetegyereza n'okubagana amagyezi ahagati y'abantu".<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20171225034855/http://www.jamesmurua.com/wole-soyinka-to-receive-europe-theatre-prize-2017/ Wole Soyinka to receive Europe Theatre Prize 2017]". ''James Murua's Literature Blog''. 14 December 2017. Archived from the original on 25 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> Ebiro 1 September 2022, Soyinka akatwara entebe y'okuba Purofeesa w'eby'emizaano aha New York University Abu Dhabi.<ref>"[https://www.wam.ae/en/article/hszrfcet-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-joins-nyu-abu-dhabi Nobel laureate Wole Soyinka joins NYU Abu Dhabi faculty]". Emirates News Agency-WAM. 23 August 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref><ref>"[https://nyuad.nyu.edu/en/academics/divisions/arts-and-humanities/faculty/wole-soyinka.html Wole Soyinka | Arts Professor of Theater]". ''nyuad.nyu.edu''. New York University Abu Dhabi. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref> Omu 1976, akashohoza ekitabo kye ky'ebitebyo Ogun Abibiman, hamwe n'ekitabo ky'ebihandiiko ekiine omutwe Myth, Literature and the African World.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/facts/ The Nobel Prize in Literature 1986]". ''NobelPrize.org''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omuri ebi, Soyinka naashwijuma oburugo bw'oburagwa omu katemba ka Afirika kandi, arikukoresa eby'okureeberaho kuruga omuri Buraaya na Afirika, naagyeragyeranisa kandi akashoboorora eby'obuhangwa. Akaha orubazo rw'omutaano aha itendekyero ry'okushwijuma Afirika aha Yunivasite ya Ghana omuri Legon. Omu Okwaikumi 1976, envunuura ya Bufaransa eya The Dance of The Forests<ref>"[https://abjournals.org/ajchrt/papers/volume-8/issue-1/ghost-dirge-and-the-forest-dance-in-soyinkas-metathysical-play-a-dance-of-the-forests/ Ghost, Dirge and the Forest Dance in Soyinka's Metaphysical Play "A Dance of the Forests]". ''African Journal of Culture, History, Religion and Traditions (AJCHRT)''. 24 November 2024. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> ekazaanwa omuri Dakar. Omu 1977, Opera Wọnyọsi, okuhindura kwe okw'omuzzano gwa Bertolt Brecht, T''he Threepenny Opera'', gukazaanira omuri Ibadan. Omu 1979, Soyinka akebembera kandi yazaana omu muzaano gwa Jon Blair na Norman Fenton ogurikwetwa The Biko Inquest, omzaano ogurikwegamira aha magara ga Steve Biko, omwegi wa South Africa kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe bw'abantu owaateirwe akafa ahabwa pooriisi y'omuri South Africa eyabaire neekuratira engyenderwaho y'okushoroora omu bantu.<ref name=":4" /> Omu 1981 Soyinka akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebirikumukwataho Aké: The Years of Childhood, ekyasingire ekirabo kya 1983 Anisfield-Wolf Book Award.<ref>"[https://www.anisfield-wolf.org/winners/ake-the-years-of-childhood/ Winners: 1983 Nonfiction – Ake]". ''Anisfield-Wolf Book Awards''. Retrieved 9 April 2021.</ref> == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == 18r9kvc3fm14zld0kiflfe5am2wlxrt 7256348 7256340 2026-07-20T09:38:24Z Rooth N 2608660 7256348 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wp/nyn]] '''Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola] 2021, p.&#x20;34.</ref>''', a'''kazaarwa 13 Okwamushanju 1934) n'omuhandiiki Omunigeria, w'emizaano, kandi omuhandiiki w'ebitabo. Akahandiika ebitabo bishatu, by'ebitabo by'emigane mikye eikumi, ebitabo mushanju by'ebyevugo, ebitabo by'emizaano abiri na bitaano, hamwe n'ebitabo bitaano by'ebirikumukwataho.<ref name=":2">Gibbs, James (1986). ''Wole Soyinka''. Basingstoke: [[:en:Macmillan_Publishers|Macmillan]]. p.&#x20;3. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780333305287|9780333305287]]</bdi>.</ref> Ahandiikire ebitabo bibiri ebivunwirwe hamwe n'ebicweka bingi hamwe n'ebitebyo bikye bikye by'okuhandiikisa empapura z'amakuru hamwe n'ebitabo by'obwire bukye. Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel eky'omwaka 1986 omu by'obuhangwa ahabw'okugira ngu akaba naashwijuma "ebintu bingi ebirikukwata aha buhangwa hamwe n'orurimi rw'okwevuga ahabirikukwata aha kubaho kw'abantu".<ref>Abdullahi, Idowu (11 October 2024). "[https://punchng.com/nobel-laureate-award-exposed-me-to-danger-wole-soyinka/ Nobel Laureate award exposed me to danger]". ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Akazaarwa omu ka y'Abakurisitaayo Abayoruba omuri Aké, Abeokuta.<ref>"[https://dawncommission.org/professor-wole-soyinka/ Professor Wole Soyinka – DAWN Commission]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref><ref name=":0">"[https://wolesoyinkalecture.org/about-wole-soyinka-2/ About Wole Soyinka]". ''Wole Soyinka Lecture Series''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Soyinka akatunga obwegyese obw'okumutebeekanisa aha Government College, Ibadan kandi yaagyenda aha University College Ibadan. Omu bwire bw'obwegyese bwe, akatandikaho ekibiina kya Pyrate Confraternity.<ref name=":0" /> Soyinka akaruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza kwega aha Yunivasite ya Leeds. Omu bwire obwo, niwe yaabaire ari omuhandiiki w'akatabo ka yunivasite, The Eagle, atakabaire muhandiiki ow'obutwire omu myaka ya 1950.<ref>"[https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/wole-soyinka/ Wole Soyinka – Narrative Landscape Press]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Bungyereza, akatandika kuhandiika ebitebyo bigufu n'okukora ebihandiiko aha BBC Lecture series. Akahandiika emizaano mingi eyazaanairwe aha reediyo hamwe n'omu myanya y'emizaano omuri Nigeria hamwe na Bungyereza, okukira munonga Royal Court Theatre.<ref>"[https://livingarchive.royalcourttheatre.com/black-plays-1960s/ Black Plays 1960s]". ''Royal Court - Living Archive''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Ebitabo bya Soyinka bingi hamwe n'emizaano ye, nibiteebwaho omuri Nigeria, ekirikworeka ebyafaayo by'eihanga eryo, eby'obuhangwa, hamwe n'oburemeezi bw'eby'obutegyeki. Oyihireho emirimo egi, akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi ebirikujumiirira emitwarize mibi y'abantu omungyeri erikushetsya. Ebihandiiko ebi bikajanjaara omu bantu baingi kandi byakundwa munonga. Atungire obusinguzi n'emizaano ye, otwariiremu The Swamp Dwellers (1958), The Lion and the Jewel (1959), na The Invention (1957), omuzaano gumwe ahayabandize, ogwakoriirwe aha Royal Court Theatre. Soyinka ahandiikire ebitabo bingi, otwariiremu The Interpreters (1965), Season of Anomy (1973), Death and the King's Horseman, Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth (2021), na Harmattan Haze on an African Spring (2012). Omu Kwamushanju 2024, Bola Tinubu akahindura eiziina ry'ekishengye ky'emizaano ekya National Arts Theatre ahanyima ya Soyinka aha mazaarwa ge ag'emyaka 90. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Soyinka akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju 1934 omuri Ake, Abeokuta, Nigeria omu ka y'Abakristaayo ey'obuzaare bw'Abayoruba. Akaba ari owa kabiri omu baana mushanju[a] ba Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, omuheereza w'Abakuristayo kandi mukuru w'eishomero kuruga omu ruganda rw'obugabe orwa Isara-Remo[<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1988 Gibbs 1988], pp.&#x20;526.</ref> hamwe na Grace Soyinka (née Jenkins-Harrison), omushubuuzi kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe kuruga omu ruganda rwa Ransome-Kuti.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFMaduakor1986 Maduakor 1986], pp.&#x20;227.</ref> Nyina Grace hamwe n'ab'eka ye, aba Ransome-Kutis, bakaba bari ab'eka y'amaani omuri Nigeria<ref>Staff writer (9 May 2014). "[https://businessday.ng/family-and-relationships/article/great-dynasties-the-ransome-kutis/ Great Dynasties:The Ransome-Kutis]". ''[[:en:BusinessDay_(Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> abarikugambwaho nk'ekigarukwamu kya Nigeria aha ka ya Kennedy omuri United States. Owaabatandikireho, omusesorodooti w'Abakuristaayo J. J. Ransome-Kuti, akaba ari omuntu w'okubanza omu ihanga rye omu by'okushohoza ebyeshongoro omu myaka ya 1920.<ref>Sansom, Ian. "[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/11/fela-kuti-great-dynasties-ian-sansom Great Dynasties: The Ransome-Kutis]". ''theguardian.com''. Retrieved 17 January 2026.</ref> Kuruga 1940 kuhistya 1946, Soyinka akaba naashoma aha St. Peters Primary School, ahu ishe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eishomero.<ref>"[https://guardian.ng/art/genius-of-the-unconventional-and-the-patterning-of-dualities-wole-soyinkas-early-childhood-part-3/ Genius of the unconventional and the patterning of dualities: Wole Soyinka's early childhood]". ''T[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|he Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akashomera siniya ye Abeokuta Grammar School kandi okushoma kwe okw'okweteekateekyera Yunivasite aha Government College, Ibadan kuruga 1946 kuhisya 1951.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/soyinka-wole-1934/ Wole Soyinka (1934- )]". ''[[:en:BlackPast.org|BlackPast.org]]''. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akaheebwa omwanya omu University College Ibadan, ahu yaashomire ebyahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza, Orugriika, hamwe n'ebyafaayo by'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kuruga 1952 kuhisya 1954.<ref name=":1">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola 2021], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Omu myaka ye y'ahamuheru omu yunivasite, akahandiika omuzaano mugufu aha reediyo, Keffi's Birthday Treat, ogwashohwire omu Kwamushanju 1954 kuruga omu kitongore kya Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1980 Gibbs 1980], p.&#x20;21.</ref> Hamwe n'abeegi bagyenzi be otwariiremu Olumuyiwa Awẹ, Ralph Opara, Aig-Imoukhuede, na Pius Olegbe, akatandikaho ekibiina ekirikwetwa National Association of Seadogs, ekibiina ky'okubanza omuri Nigeria.<ref name=":1" /> Soyinka akafuruka kuruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza omuri 1954 kugumizamu n'emishomo ye omu byahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza aha Yunivasite ya Leeds arikureebererwa G. Wilson Knight.<ref>''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFEncyclopedia_Britannica2024 Encyclopedia Britannica]'' 2024.</ref> Okusharamu kw'okushoma aheeru y'eihanga omu bwire obwo obu okushoma diguri ya kabiri kyabaire kitarikubaho omuri Ibadan kikaba kiri kurabira omuri Joyce M. Green, omukazi Omungyereza owaizire omu University College, Ibadan kuruga Cambridge omuri 1950, kandi owaabaire ari omwe aha beegyesa ba Soyinka kandi owaabaire amuhaire ekihandiiko kirungi eky'okumugambaho omuri Leeds.<ref>Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi (28 July 2019). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/soyinkas-early-romance-with-england-1954-1959-a-cold-chapter-for-an-anti-form-rebel-part-1/ Soyinka's early romance with England 1954-1959: A cold chapter for an anti-form rebel]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 8 January 2026.</ref> Aha yunivasite ya Leeds, akaheereza nk'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka yunivasite akarikushetsya, The Eagle, omuri ako yaahandiika ekicweka aha magara g'eby'okushoma. Omu Kwamunaana 1955, akatandika kukwata ebyeshongoro aha BBC Lecture kandi yaahandiika ebitebyo bigufu nyingi. Omuri 1957, akasingura empaka z'okugamba ezirikubaho buri mwaka ezirikuteebwaho Yunivasite.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFLindfors1974 Lindfors 1974], pp.&#x20;471–486.</ref> == Emirimo == === 1957–1967: Omurimo gwe gw'okubanza === Soyinka akaguma omuri Leeds bwanyima y'okutunga diguri ye eya BA honours omu Rungyereza omuri 1957.<ref name=":2" /> Omu 1957, akatandika kuhandiika emizaano ye ey'okubanza, ''Swamp Dwellers'' na ''The Lion and the Jewel''. Soyinka akaza London kandi yaakora nk'omushomi w'emizaano aha Royal Court Theatre. Akebembera ekibiina kya Nigerian Drama Group ekyakozire The Swamp Dwellers omuri 1958. Omu bwire obwo, emizaano ye ebiri ekazaanwa omuri Ibadan, Nigeria. Omuri 1957, omuzaano gwe, The Invention, gukashohozibwa aha Royal Court Theatre omuri London, kandi gukaba guri omurimo gwe gw'okubanza aha.<ref>"Wole Soyinka". ''African Biography''. Detroit, MI: Gale (published 2 December 2006). 1999. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-2823-9|978-0-7876-2823-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akahandiika ebyevugo, otwariiremu "''The Immigrant''" hamwe na "''My Next Door Neighbour''", ebyareebekire omuri Black Orpheus. Omuri 1959, Soyinka akagaruka Nigeria bwanyima y'okutunga obuhwezi bwa Rockefeller Research Fellowship ahabw'okucondooza kwe aha by'emizaano ya Afirika. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe omwaka nigwo gumwe, akaza omu mwanya gwa Janheinz Jahn nk'omwe ahabahandiiki babiri bakuru ba Black Orpheus.<ref>Jacobs, Alan. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/trials-brother-jero The Trials Of Brother Jero]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu 1960, akamara omuzaano gwe ogwa reediyo Camwood on the Leaves, kandi n'omuzaano gwe ''The Trials of Brother Jero'' gukatongozibwa omu Mellanby Hall residence of University College Ibadan omu Kwakana 1960. Akakora ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Mask omu myaka ya 1960. Omuzaano gwe ogwa A Dance of The Forest, gukatongozibwa nk'omuzaano gw'eizooba ry'okwetegyeka kwa Nigeria, kandi ebiro 1 Okwaikumi 1960, gukatongozibwa omuri Lagos.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[[:en:BlackPast.org|Wole Soyinka (1934- )". ''BlackPast.org'']]. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Omuzaano gwa Soyinka ogw'okubanza ogurikwetwa My Father's Burden, gukaba nigwebemberwa Olusegun Olusola kandi gukaba nigworekwa aha Western Nigeria Television ebiro 6 Okwamunaana 1960.<ref>Uzoatu, Uzor Maxim (5 October 2013). "[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/146108-essential-soyinka-timeline-uzor-maxim-uzoatu.html The Essential Soyinka Timeline]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref> Omu 1962, Soyinka akahandiika ebihandiiko birikurwanirira okushoma n'okuhandiika omuri Nigeria omu bwire obwo otwariiremu "Death of the King's Horsemen" hamwe na "Towards a True Theater", ebyashohoziibwe omu Transition Magazine.<ref>Amayi, Zakayo (22 June 2013). "[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/standard-entertainment/article/2000086475/soyinkas-grumpy-battles-to-defend-literary-legacy Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's grumpy battles to defend literary legacy]". Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa aha Obafemi Awolowo University omuri Ifẹ. Omu 1963, firimu ye y'okubanza, Culture in Transition, ekashohozibwa. Soyinka akarekura omurimo gwe aha Yunivasite omuri 1964, nk'okwesharinga ahabw'emitwarize y'okushagika gavumenti eyateirweho ab'obushoborozi. Akagira ngu ab'obushoborozi omu yunivasite bakakwatanisa eitendekyero n'obutegyeki bwa Samuel Ladoke Akintola obwabaire butarikukundwa. Omu bwire obwo, akakora The Lion and the Jewel<ref>"[https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/critical-responses-to-african-theatre-wole-soyinkas-the-lion-and-the-jewel-by-professor-martin-banham/ Critical Responses to African Theatre: Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel by Professor Martin Banham | Black Plays Archive]". ''www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> omu siizoni y'emizaano omu Rungyereza na Yoruba hamwe n'okutandikaho The Orisun Theatre Company, guruupu ya theatre. Omu 1965, akakora omuzaano gwa gurikujumirira emitwarize mibi omungyeru erikushestya, ''Before the Blackout''.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/african-theatre-soyinka/ Review of African Theatre Soyinka: Blackout, Blowout and Beyond | Centre for African Studies (LUCAS)]". ''lucas.leeds.ac.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuzano gwe, Kongi's Harvest, gukatandika omu Kwamunaana omuri Lagos. Ebiro 14 September 1965, omuzaano gwe The Road gukatandika kworekwa omuri London aha Commonwealth Arts Festival hamwe na Theatre Royal Stratford East. Soyinka akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa mukuru aha Yunivasite ya Lagos. Juba, ekitabo kye ekisya The Interpreters kikashohozibwa André Deutsch omuri London. Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akakomwa omurundi gw'okubanza, yaajunaanwa okukwata reediyo aha mbundu akahindura akatambi k'ebigambo by'enganzi y'ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba n'akatambi akarikujunaana okwiba akaruuru. Akarekurwa bwanyima y'ameezi agamwe g'okukomwa ahabw'okwesharinga kw'abantu b'ensi yoona abahandiiki. Akahandiika n'ekitabo The Detainee, omuzaano gwa reediyo ogwashohozibwe BBC omuri London.<ref>Ezugwu, Obinna (19 July 2021). "[https://hallmarknews.com/salute-to-kongi-at-87/ Salute To Kongi At 87]". ''hallmarknews.com''. Retrieved 13 August 2022.</ref> === 1966–1968: Orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria === Bwanyima y'okuba Mukuru w'ekibiina ky'emizaano aha Yunivasite ya Ibadan, Soyinka akatandika kwejumba omu by'obutegyeki. Bwanyima y'amahe okuhamba obutegyeki omu kwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1966, akabugana omu kihama Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, gavana w'amahe ow'amashuuma g'oburugwa izooba bwa Nigeria omu kugyezaho okuzibira orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria.<ref>"[https://howng.com/professor-wole-soyinka-full-biographylife-and-news/ Professor Wole Soyinka Full Biography, Life And News]". ''howng.com''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Akaza n'omuri Ẹnugu, ahu yabugaine mugyenzi we Omuyoruba, Victor Banjọ, orikukora na gavumenti ya Biafra. Soyinka, owaashabire obushagiki bw'abeebembezi b'amahe omu kicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, akahitsya obutumwa bwa Banjo ahari Lieutenant Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo, owaabaire atoorainwe nk'omuduumizi w'amahe g'omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba. Omumwebazyo gw'akana, Soyinka agarukire omu mahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, amahe ga Biafra gakatahirira ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Bwanyima y'okutwara oburengyerwa-izooba, Soyinka akabugana Obasanjo kumugambira ekigyendererwa ky'Ababiafra ahabwokuba Obasanjo akaba yaacwiremu kwegaita aha gavumenti ya Nigeria. Kwonka okutahirira kwa Biafra ahagati yóburegyerwa eizooba kikarugamu okuhoorera okwakozirwe amahe ga gavumenti eya federo, kandi orutaro rw'omunda rukatandika. Obasanjo akashoboorora gavumenti ya Nigeria orukiiko rwe na Soyinka, yarangirira Soyinka nk'omuheekyera, n'ahabw'ekyo akakwatwa ab'obushoborozi bwa federo kandi yaakomwa kumara emyezi 22.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/07/27/wole.soyinka/index.html Wole Soyinka: Nigeria's Nobel Laureate]". ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. 1 August 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2026.</ref> Akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi n'byevugo arikujuumirira gavumenti ya Nigeria obu yaabaire ari omu kihome.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (2006), ''You Must Set Forth at Dawn'', p. 6.</ref> Omu kutandika kwa 1967, ebihandiiko bye Kongi’s Harvest na Idanre and Other Poems bikashohozibwa.<ref>"[https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/engp06/chapter/wole-soyinka-kongis-harvest/ Wole Soyinka, Kongi's Harvest – African & Caribbean Writing in English]". ''ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Ari na Tom Stoppard, akatunga ekirabo kya John Whiting omuri London. Akatooranwa kuba mukuru w'eishomero rya Drama, Yunivasite ya Ibadan kwonka akaremwa kutwara entebe egyo ahabw'okubohwa omu kwezi kwa munaana. N'obu araabe yaabaire ari omu kihome, omuzaano gwe ogurikwetwa The Lion and The Jewel gukagumizamu gwashohozibwa omuri Accra, Ghana omu Kwamwenda 1967. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Strong Breed bikashohozibwa aba Off-Broadway omu Greenwich Mews Theatre omuri New York City. Omuri 1968, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Jock Campbell-New Statesman Award. Ekibiina kya Negro Ensemble Company kikashohoza Kongi's Harvest aha St. Mark's Theatre, New York.<ref>"[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,838330,00.html Theater: Kongi's Harvest]". ''Time''. 26 April 1968. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X 0040-781X]. Retrieved 7 May 2022.</ref> Akavunuura D. O. Fagunwa's Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irunmale kuruga omu rurimi rwa Yoruba kuza omu Rungyereza. Kikashohozibwa nka The Forest of a Thousand Demons: A Hunter's Saga. === Okurekurwa n'okushohoza ebitabo. === Omu Okwaikumi 1969, emyezi mikye erikuburayo orutaro rw'omunda rukahwa, okusaasira kukarangirirwa, Soyinka hamwe n'abandi basibe b'eby'obutegyeki barekurwa.<ref>PEN America (16 April 2012). "[https://pen.org/case-histories-wole-soyinka/ Case Histories: Wole Soyinka]". ''PEN America''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omu myezi mikye y'okubanza bwanyima y'okurekurwa kwe, Soyinka akaguma aha faamu ya munywani we omu mashuuma ga Bufaransa, ahu yaasherwire kuhuumuraho wenka. Akahandiika The Bacchae of Euripides (1969), ekihandiiko kihindwiremu kushushana enfumu ya Pentheus.<ref name=":3">Killam and Rowe (eds), ''The Companion to African Literature'' (2000), p. 276.</ref> Kandi akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebyevugo omuri London, kikwetwa Poems from Prison. Aha muheru gw'omwaka, akagaruka omu ofiisi ye nk'orikukurira eby'emizaano omuri Ibadan.<ref name=":5">"[https://dailytrust.com/things-to-know-about-prof-wole-soyinka-at-89/ Things To Know About Prof Wole Soyinka At 89]". ''[[:en:Daily_Trust|Daily Trust]]''. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omu 1970, akashohoza omuzaano Kongi's Harvest, kandi omu bwire bumwe akaguhindura nk'omuzaano gwa firimu gw'eiziina niryo rimwe, Kongi's Harvest. Omu Kwamukaaga 1970, akamara omuzaano ogundi, ogurikwetwa Madmen and Specialists.<ref>Ajeluorou, Anote (25 July 2015). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/periscoping-a-senseless-war-in-madmen-and-specialists/ Periscoping A Senseless War In Madmen And Specialists]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</ref> Arikukoragana n'ekibiina ky'abazaani 15 ba Ibadan University Theatre Art Company, akagyenda United States, kureeba Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center omuri Waterford, Connecticut, ahu omuzaano gwe oguyabaire ahererukurieyo kuhandiika gwayorekirwe omurundi gwokubanza.[citation needed] Omu 1971, ekitabo kye ky'ebyevugo ekya A Shuttle in the Crypt kikashohozibwa. Madmen and Specialists kikashohozibwa omuri Ibadan omwaka ogwo.<ref>Lee, Christopher J. (25 March 2020). "[http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/reading-wole-soyinka-s-madmen-and-specialists-time-pandemic Reading Wole Soyinka's 'Madmen and Specialists' in a Time of Pandemic]". ''Warscapes''.</ref> Omu Kwakana 1971, ahabw'okwerarikirira aha mbeera y'eby'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria, Soyinka akarekura emirimo ye aha Yunivasite omuri Ibadan, kandi yaatandika emyaka mingi ayetwaire omubuzaahe. kuza omu buzaahe.<ref name=":6">Adegbamigbe, Ademola (13 July 2019). "[https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/07/13/soyinka-at-85-why-i-detained-him-for-2-years-during-civil-war-yakubu-gowon/ Soyinka at 85: 'Why I Detained Him for 2 Years During the Civil War' - Yakubu Gowon]". ''The NEWS''. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</ref> Soyinka akagyenda omuri Paris, Bufaransa, kutwara omurimo gw'okuzaana nka Patrice Lumumba, mukuru w'eihanga w'okubanza rya Repubulika ya Kongo owaisirwe, omu muzaano ogwashohozibwe Joan Littlewood omu kwakataano 1971 ogurikwetwa Murderous Angels, omuzaano gwa Conor Cruise O'Brien ogwabaire nigukwata aha buremeezi bwa Kongo.<ref name=":4">Gibbs, James. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/soyinka-wole-13-july-1934 Soyinka, Wole 1934–]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 September 2021. (Updated by [[:en:Tanure_Ojaide|Tanure Ojaide]].)</ref><ref>[[:en:Biodun_Jeyifo|Jeyifo, Biodun]] (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nwhlgrVqvYkC&q=%22Murderous+Angels%22%3D&pg=PR27 Chronology]". ''Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, and Postcolonialism''. Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;xxvii. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139439084|9781139439084]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri Paris, ebicweka kuruga omu muzaano gwa Soyinka ogurikumanywa munonga The Dance of The Forests bikazaanwa.<ref>Adenekan, Sulaiman (2016). "[https://www.tradenewswire.net/the-pride-of-africa-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-clocks-85-years-serving-humanity-poetically/ The Pride of Africa: Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka clocks 85 years serving humanity poeticall]y". ''Trade Newswire''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Omu 1972, ekitabo kye Season of Anomy hamwe na Collected Plays byona bikashohozibwa Oxford University Press. Ekihandiiko kye ky'ebirikumukwataho ekya The Man Died, ekirikurundaana ebi yaahandiikire omu kihome, nakyo kikashohozibwa omwaka ogwo.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/biographical/ Wole Soyinka | Biographical]", The Nobel Prize, 1986.</ref> Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Honoris Causa doctorate kuruga omu Yunivasite ya Leeds omuri 1973.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/honorary-degree/ Honorary Degree]", Leeds ''African Studies Bulletin'' 19 (November 1973), pp. 1–2. [Professor Soyinka receiving the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from the Chancellor, HRH the Duchess of Kent, on Thursday 17 May 1973 – image from 'Nobel Prize for Leeds Graduate', ''The Reporter'' (the University of Leeds), 258, 24 October 1986.]</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, National Theatre, London, ekashaba kandi yaatongoza omuzaano The Bacchae of Euripides,<ref name=":3" /> kandi emizaano ye Camwood on the Leaves na Jero's Metamorphosis nayo ekaba eri ey'okubanza kushohozibwa. Akamara omwaka gumwe nk'omugyenyi aha Churchill College, Cambridge<ref>Gumbel, Andrew (3 November 2005). "[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/03/theatre3 Wole Soyinka on how he came to write Death and the King's Horseman]". ''The Guardian''.</ref> (1973–74)<ref name=":4" /> kandi yaahandiika Death and the King's Horseman, ekyashomirwe omurundi gw'okubanza aha Churchill College.<ref name=":5" /> Omu 1974, Oxford University Press ekashohoza Soyinka's Collected Plays, Volume II. Akateeraho hamwe ekitabo kya 1975 Poems of Black Africa, ekyashohoziibwe nka kimwe ahakicweka kya Heinemann African Writers Series.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JtqywAEACAAJ Poems of Black Africa]'', Heinemann African Writers Series, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]. <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780435901714|9780435901714]]</bdi>.</ref> Kandi omuri 1975, Soyinka akakuzibwa yaaza aha ntebe y'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka Transition Magazine, akaabaire nikashangwa omu kibuga ekikuru ekya Ghana ekya Accra, ahu yaafurukiire.<ref name=":6" /> Akakoresa ebihandiiko bye omu magaziini kujumirira abo abarikusaasibwa munonga abairaguju (nk'eky'okureeberaho, ekicweka kye "Neo-Tarzanism: Eby'obutegyeki obwa Pseudo-Transition) hamwe n'obutegyeki bw'amahe. Akeesharinga ahabw'obutegyeki bw'amahe obwa Idi Amin omu Uganda. Bwanyima y'empindahinduka omu by'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria hamwe n'okuhenda gavumenti y'amahe eya Gowon omuri 1975, Soyinka akagaruka omu ihanga rye kandi yaagaruka omu mwanya gwe nka mukuru w'okugyeragyeranisa ebyahandiikirwe. omu Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref name=":6" /> === Okushomesa === Kuruga 1975 kuhisya 1999, Soyinka akaheereza nka Purofeesa w'ebitabo ebirikugyeragyeranisibwa aha Obafemi Awolowo University.<ref>Odinaka (31 July 2018). "[https://www.tori.ng/news/102835/the-house-prof-soyinka-lived-in-during-oau-days-tu.html The House Prof. Soyinka Lived In During OAU Days, Turned Into A Campus Museum (Photos)]". ''Tori.ng''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Amerika, akeegyesa aha Cornell University nk'omuhangu wa Goldwin Smith omu kwega aha Afirika hamwe n'eby'emizaano kuruga 1988 kuhisya 1991. Aha Yunivasite ya Emory, akatooranwa nka Robert W. Woodruff Purofeesa w'eby'emikono omuri 1996 kandi atwire ari Purofeesa w'okuhandiika omu Yunivasite ya Nevada, Las Vegas. Soyinka akaheereza scholar-in-residence omu Institute of African American Affairs eya New York University hamwe na Loyola Marymount University omuri Los Angeles, California. Akegyesa n'aha Yunivasite za Cambridge, Oxford, Harvard na Yale. Akaba ari omwegi w'amaani omu kutuura aha Yunivasite ya Duke omuri 2008.<ref>"[https://alumni.duke.edu/magazine/articles/soyinka-stage Soyinka on Stage | Nobel laureate works with student production of his play]". ''Duke Magazine''. No.&#x20;January–February 2011. 31 January 2011. Retrieved 18 April 2021.</ref> Omu Kwaikumi na kubiri 2017, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Europe Theatre Prize omu kicweka kya "Special Prize" category,<ref>Ajibade, Kunle (12 December 2017). "[https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2017/12/12/wole-soyinka-wins-europe-theatre-prize/ Wole Soyinka Wins The Europe Theatre Prize]". ''[[:en:P.M._News|P.M. News]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref><ref>"[https://www.concisenews.global/news/soyinka-wins-2017-the-europe-theatre-prize/ Soyinka Wins 2017 Europe Theatre Prize]". ''Concise News''. 15 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> ekyahairwe omuntu owaabaire "aine ekyayongyeireho omu kuhikiiriza emikoro y'eby'obuhangwa erikureetaho okwetegyereza n'okubagana amagyezi ahagati y'abantu".<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20171225034855/http://www.jamesmurua.com/wole-soyinka-to-receive-europe-theatre-prize-2017/ Wole Soyinka to receive Europe Theatre Prize 2017]". ''James Murua's Literature Blog''. 14 December 2017. Archived from the original on 25 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> Ebiro 1 September 2022, Soyinka akatwara entebe y'okuba Purofeesa w'eby'emizaano aha New York University Abu Dhabi.<ref>"[https://www.wam.ae/en/article/hszrfcet-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-joins-nyu-abu-dhabi Nobel laureate Wole Soyinka joins NYU Abu Dhabi faculty]". Emirates News Agency-WAM. 23 August 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref><ref>"[https://nyuad.nyu.edu/en/academics/divisions/arts-and-humanities/faculty/wole-soyinka.html Wole Soyinka | Arts Professor of Theater]". ''nyuad.nyu.edu''. New York University Abu Dhabi. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref> Omu 1976, akashohoza ekitabo kye ky'ebitebyo Ogun Abibiman, hamwe n'ekitabo ky'ebihandiiko ekiine omutwe Myth, Literature and the African World.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/facts/ The Nobel Prize in Literature 1986]". ''NobelPrize.org''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omuri ebi, Soyinka naashwijuma oburugo bw'oburagwa omu katemba ka Afirika kandi, arikukoresa eby'okureeberaho kuruga omuri Buraaya na Afirika, naagyeragyeranisa kandi akashoboorora eby'obuhangwa. Akaha orubazo rw'omutaano aha itendekyero ry'okushwijuma Afirika aha Yunivasite ya Ghana omuri Legon. Omu Okwaikumi 1976, envunuura ya Bufaransa eya The Dance of The Forests<ref>"[https://abjournals.org/ajchrt/papers/volume-8/issue-1/ghost-dirge-and-the-forest-dance-in-soyinkas-metathysical-play-a-dance-of-the-forests/ Ghost, Dirge and the Forest Dance in Soyinka's Metaphysical Play "A Dance of the Forests]". ''African Journal of Culture, History, Religion and Traditions (AJCHRT)''. 24 November 2024. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> ekazaanwa omuri Dakar. Omu 1977, Opera Wọnyọsi, okuhindura kwe okw'omuzzano gwa Bertolt Brecht, T''he Threepenny Opera'', gukazaanira omuri Ibadan. Omu 1979, Soyinka akebembera kandi yazaana omu muzaano gwa Jon Blair na Norman Fenton ogurikwetwa The Biko Inquest, omzaano ogurikwegamira aha magara ga Steve Biko, omwegi wa South Africa kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe bw'abantu owaateirwe akafa ahabwa pooriisi y'omuri South Africa eyabaire neekuratira engyenderwaho y'okushoroora omu bantu.<ref name=":4" /> Omu 1981 Soyinka akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebirikumukwataho Aké: The Years of Childhood, ekyasingire ekirabo kya 1983 Anisfield-Wolf Book Award.<ref>"[https://www.anisfield-wolf.org/winners/ake-the-years-of-childhood/ Winners: 1983 Nonfiction – Ake]". ''Anisfield-Wolf Book Awards''. Retrieved 9 April 2021.</ref> Soyinka akagumizamu yaatandikaho ekibiina ekindi eky'emizaano, ekya Guerrilla Unit, ekyasherwire kwejumba butunu n'abantu b'omubyaro. == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == l73auky342132yejjrpx7m65gic7fmm 7256350 7256348 2026-07-20T09:39:04Z Rooth N 2608660 7256350 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wp/nyn]] '''Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola] 2021, p.&#x20;34.</ref>''', a'''kazaarwa 13 Okwamushanju 1934) n'omuhandiiki Omunigeria, w'emizaano, kandi omuhandiiki w'ebitabo. Akahandiika ebitabo bishatu, by'ebitabo by'emigane mikye eikumi, ebitabo mushanju by'ebyevugo, ebitabo by'emizaano abiri na bitaano, hamwe n'ebitabo bitaano by'ebirikumukwataho.<ref name=":2">Gibbs, James (1986). ''Wole Soyinka''. Basingstoke: [[:en:Macmillan_Publishers|Macmillan]]. p.&#x20;3. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780333305287|9780333305287]]</bdi>.</ref> Ahandiikire ebitabo bibiri ebivunwirwe hamwe n'ebicweka bingi hamwe n'ebitebyo bikye bikye by'okuhandiikisa empapura z'amakuru hamwe n'ebitabo by'obwire bukye. Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel eky'omwaka 1986 omu by'obuhangwa ahabw'okugira ngu akaba naashwijuma "ebintu bingi ebirikukwata aha buhangwa hamwe n'orurimi rw'okwevuga ahabirikukwata aha kubaho kw'abantu".<ref>Abdullahi, Idowu (11 October 2024). "[https://punchng.com/nobel-laureate-award-exposed-me-to-danger-wole-soyinka/ Nobel Laureate award exposed me to danger]". ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Akazaarwa omu ka y'Abakurisitaayo Abayoruba omuri Aké, Abeokuta.<ref>"[https://dawncommission.org/professor-wole-soyinka/ Professor Wole Soyinka – DAWN Commission]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref><ref name=":0">"[https://wolesoyinkalecture.org/about-wole-soyinka-2/ About Wole Soyinka]". ''Wole Soyinka Lecture Series''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Soyinka akatunga obwegyese obw'okumutebeekanisa aha Government College, Ibadan kandi yaagyenda aha University College Ibadan. Omu bwire bw'obwegyese bwe, akatandikaho ekibiina kya Pyrate Confraternity.<ref name=":0" /> Soyinka akaruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza kwega aha Yunivasite ya Leeds. Omu bwire obwo, niwe yaabaire ari omuhandiiki w'akatabo ka yunivasite, The Eagle, atakabaire muhandiiki ow'obutwire omu myaka ya 1950.<ref>"[https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/wole-soyinka/ Wole Soyinka – Narrative Landscape Press]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Bungyereza, akatandika kuhandiika ebitebyo bigufu n'okukora ebihandiiko aha BBC Lecture series. Akahandiika emizaano mingi eyazaanairwe aha reediyo hamwe n'omu myanya y'emizaano omuri Nigeria hamwe na Bungyereza, okukira munonga Royal Court Theatre.<ref>"[https://livingarchive.royalcourttheatre.com/black-plays-1960s/ Black Plays 1960s]". ''Royal Court - Living Archive''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Ebitabo bya Soyinka bingi hamwe n'emizaano ye, nibiteebwaho omuri Nigeria, ekirikworeka ebyafaayo by'eihanga eryo, eby'obuhangwa, hamwe n'oburemeezi bw'eby'obutegyeki. Oyihireho emirimo egi, akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi ebirikujumiirira emitwarize mibi y'abantu omungyeri erikushetsya. Ebihandiiko ebi bikajanjaara omu bantu baingi kandi byakundwa munonga. Atungire obusinguzi n'emizaano ye, otwariiremu The Swamp Dwellers (1958), The Lion and the Jewel (1959), na The Invention (1957), omuzaano gumwe ahayabandize, ogwakoriirwe aha Royal Court Theatre. Soyinka ahandiikire ebitabo bingi, otwariiremu The Interpreters (1965), Season of Anomy (1973), Death and the King's Horseman, Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth (2021), na Harmattan Haze on an African Spring (2012). Omu Kwamushanju 2024, Bola Tinubu akahindura eiziina ry'ekishengye ky'emizaano ekya National Arts Theatre ahanyima ya Soyinka aha mazaarwa ge ag'emyaka 90. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Soyinka akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju 1934 omuri Ake, Abeokuta, Nigeria omu ka y'Abakristaayo ey'obuzaare bw'Abayoruba. Akaba ari owa kabiri omu baana mushanju[a] ba Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, omuheereza w'Abakuristayo kandi mukuru w'eishomero kuruga omu ruganda rw'obugabe orwa Isara-Remo[<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1988 Gibbs 1988], pp.&#x20;526.</ref> hamwe na Grace Soyinka (née Jenkins-Harrison), omushubuuzi kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe kuruga omu ruganda rwa Ransome-Kuti.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFMaduakor1986 Maduakor 1986], pp.&#x20;227.</ref> Nyina Grace hamwe n'ab'eka ye, aba Ransome-Kutis, bakaba bari ab'eka y'amaani omuri Nigeria<ref>Staff writer (9 May 2014). "[https://businessday.ng/family-and-relationships/article/great-dynasties-the-ransome-kutis/ Great Dynasties:The Ransome-Kutis]". ''[[:en:BusinessDay_(Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> abarikugambwaho nk'ekigarukwamu kya Nigeria aha ka ya Kennedy omuri United States. Owaabatandikireho, omusesorodooti w'Abakuristaayo J. J. Ransome-Kuti, akaba ari omuntu w'okubanza omu ihanga rye omu by'okushohoza ebyeshongoro omu myaka ya 1920.<ref>Sansom, Ian. "[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/11/fela-kuti-great-dynasties-ian-sansom Great Dynasties: The Ransome-Kutis]". ''theguardian.com''. Retrieved 17 January 2026.</ref> Kuruga 1940 kuhistya 1946, Soyinka akaba naashoma aha St. Peters Primary School, ahu ishe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eishomero.<ref>"[https://guardian.ng/art/genius-of-the-unconventional-and-the-patterning-of-dualities-wole-soyinkas-early-childhood-part-3/ Genius of the unconventional and the patterning of dualities: Wole Soyinka's early childhood]". ''T[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|he Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akashomera siniya ye Abeokuta Grammar School kandi okushoma kwe okw'okweteekateekyera Yunivasite aha Government College, Ibadan kuruga 1946 kuhisya 1951.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/soyinka-wole-1934/ Wole Soyinka (1934- )]". ''[[:en:BlackPast.org|BlackPast.org]]''. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akaheebwa omwanya omu University College Ibadan, ahu yaashomire ebyahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza, Orugriika, hamwe n'ebyafaayo by'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kuruga 1952 kuhisya 1954.<ref name=":1">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola 2021], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Omu myaka ye y'ahamuheru omu yunivasite, akahandiika omuzaano mugufu aha reediyo, Keffi's Birthday Treat, ogwashohwire omu Kwamushanju 1954 kuruga omu kitongore kya Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1980 Gibbs 1980], p.&#x20;21.</ref> Hamwe n'abeegi bagyenzi be otwariiremu Olumuyiwa Awẹ, Ralph Opara, Aig-Imoukhuede, na Pius Olegbe, akatandikaho ekibiina ekirikwetwa National Association of Seadogs, ekibiina ky'okubanza omuri Nigeria.<ref name=":1" /> Soyinka akafuruka kuruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza omuri 1954 kugumizamu n'emishomo ye omu byahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza aha Yunivasite ya Leeds arikureebererwa G. Wilson Knight.<ref>''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFEncyclopedia_Britannica2024 Encyclopedia Britannica]'' 2024.</ref> Okusharamu kw'okushoma aheeru y'eihanga omu bwire obwo obu okushoma diguri ya kabiri kyabaire kitarikubaho omuri Ibadan kikaba kiri kurabira omuri Joyce M. Green, omukazi Omungyereza owaizire omu University College, Ibadan kuruga Cambridge omuri 1950, kandi owaabaire ari omwe aha beegyesa ba Soyinka kandi owaabaire amuhaire ekihandiiko kirungi eky'okumugambaho omuri Leeds.<ref>Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi (28 July 2019). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/soyinkas-early-romance-with-england-1954-1959-a-cold-chapter-for-an-anti-form-rebel-part-1/ Soyinka's early romance with England 1954-1959: A cold chapter for an anti-form rebel]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 8 January 2026.</ref> Aha yunivasite ya Leeds, akaheereza nk'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka yunivasite akarikushetsya, The Eagle, omuri ako yaahandiika ekicweka aha magara g'eby'okushoma. Omu Kwamunaana 1955, akatandika kukwata ebyeshongoro aha BBC Lecture kandi yaahandiika ebitebyo bigufu nyingi. Omuri 1957, akasingura empaka z'okugamba ezirikubaho buri mwaka ezirikuteebwaho Yunivasite.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFLindfors1974 Lindfors 1974], pp.&#x20;471–486.</ref> == Emirimo == === 1957–1967: Omurimo gwe gw'okubanza === Soyinka akaguma omuri Leeds bwanyima y'okutunga diguri ye eya BA honours omu Rungyereza omuri 1957.<ref name=":2" /> Omu 1957, akatandika kuhandiika emizaano ye ey'okubanza, ''Swamp Dwellers'' na ''The Lion and the Jewel''. Soyinka akaza London kandi yaakora nk'omushomi w'emizaano aha Royal Court Theatre. Akebembera ekibiina kya Nigerian Drama Group ekyakozire The Swamp Dwellers omuri 1958. Omu bwire obwo, emizaano ye ebiri ekazaanwa omuri Ibadan, Nigeria. Omuri 1957, omuzaano gwe, The Invention, gukashohozibwa aha Royal Court Theatre omuri London, kandi gukaba guri omurimo gwe gw'okubanza aha.<ref>"Wole Soyinka". ''African Biography''. Detroit, MI: Gale (published 2 December 2006). 1999. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-2823-9|978-0-7876-2823-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akahandiika ebyevugo, otwariiremu "''The Immigrant''" hamwe na "''My Next Door Neighbour''", ebyareebekire omuri Black Orpheus. Omuri 1959, Soyinka akagaruka Nigeria bwanyima y'okutunga obuhwezi bwa Rockefeller Research Fellowship ahabw'okucondooza kwe aha by'emizaano ya Afirika. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe omwaka nigwo gumwe, akaza omu mwanya gwa Janheinz Jahn nk'omwe ahabahandiiki babiri bakuru ba Black Orpheus.<ref>Jacobs, Alan. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/trials-brother-jero The Trials Of Brother Jero]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu 1960, akamara omuzaano gwe ogwa reediyo Camwood on the Leaves, kandi n'omuzaano gwe ''The Trials of Brother Jero'' gukatongozibwa omu Mellanby Hall residence of University College Ibadan omu Kwakana 1960. Akakora ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Mask omu myaka ya 1960. Omuzaano gwe ogwa A Dance of The Forest, gukatongozibwa nk'omuzaano gw'eizooba ry'okwetegyeka kwa Nigeria, kandi ebiro 1 Okwaikumi 1960, gukatongozibwa omuri Lagos.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[[:en:BlackPast.org|Wole Soyinka (1934- )". ''BlackPast.org'']]. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Omuzaano gwa Soyinka ogw'okubanza ogurikwetwa My Father's Burden, gukaba nigwebemberwa Olusegun Olusola kandi gukaba nigworekwa aha Western Nigeria Television ebiro 6 Okwamunaana 1960.<ref>Uzoatu, Uzor Maxim (5 October 2013). "[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/146108-essential-soyinka-timeline-uzor-maxim-uzoatu.html The Essential Soyinka Timeline]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref> Omu 1962, Soyinka akahandiika ebihandiiko birikurwanirira okushoma n'okuhandiika omuri Nigeria omu bwire obwo otwariiremu "Death of the King's Horsemen" hamwe na "Towards a True Theater", ebyashohoziibwe omu Transition Magazine.<ref>Amayi, Zakayo (22 June 2013). "[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/standard-entertainment/article/2000086475/soyinkas-grumpy-battles-to-defend-literary-legacy Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's grumpy battles to defend literary legacy]". Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa aha Obafemi Awolowo University omuri Ifẹ. Omu 1963, firimu ye y'okubanza, Culture in Transition, ekashohozibwa. Soyinka akarekura omurimo gwe aha Yunivasite omuri 1964, nk'okwesharinga ahabw'emitwarize y'okushagika gavumenti eyateirweho ab'obushoborozi. Akagira ngu ab'obushoborozi omu yunivasite bakakwatanisa eitendekyero n'obutegyeki bwa Samuel Ladoke Akintola obwabaire butarikukundwa. Omu bwire obwo, akakora The Lion and the Jewel<ref>"[https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/critical-responses-to-african-theatre-wole-soyinkas-the-lion-and-the-jewel-by-professor-martin-banham/ Critical Responses to African Theatre: Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel by Professor Martin Banham | Black Plays Archive]". ''www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> omu siizoni y'emizaano omu Rungyereza na Yoruba hamwe n'okutandikaho The Orisun Theatre Company, guruupu ya theatre. Omu 1965, akakora omuzaano gwa gurikujumirira emitwarize mibi omungyeru erikushestya, ''Before the Blackout''.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/african-theatre-soyinka/ Review of African Theatre Soyinka: Blackout, Blowout and Beyond | Centre for African Studies (LUCAS)]". ''lucas.leeds.ac.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuzano gwe, Kongi's Harvest, gukatandika omu Kwamunaana omuri Lagos. Ebiro 14 September 1965, omuzaano gwe The Road gukatandika kworekwa omuri London aha Commonwealth Arts Festival hamwe na Theatre Royal Stratford East. Soyinka akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa mukuru aha Yunivasite ya Lagos. Juba, ekitabo kye ekisya The Interpreters kikashohozibwa André Deutsch omuri London. Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akakomwa omurundi gw'okubanza, yaajunaanwa okukwata reediyo aha mbundu akahindura akatambi k'ebigambo by'enganzi y'ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba n'akatambi akarikujunaana okwiba akaruuru. Akarekurwa bwanyima y'ameezi agamwe g'okukomwa ahabw'okwesharinga kw'abantu b'ensi yoona abahandiiki. Akahandiika n'ekitabo The Detainee, omuzaano gwa reediyo ogwashohozibwe BBC omuri London.<ref>Ezugwu, Obinna (19 July 2021). "[https://hallmarknews.com/salute-to-kongi-at-87/ Salute To Kongi At 87]". ''hallmarknews.com''. Retrieved 13 August 2022.</ref> === 1966–1968: Orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria === Bwanyima y'okuba Mukuru w'ekibiina ky'emizaano aha Yunivasite ya Ibadan, Soyinka akatandika kwejumba omu by'obutegyeki. Bwanyima y'amahe okuhamba obutegyeki omu kwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1966, akabugana omu kihama Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, gavana w'amahe ow'amashuuma g'oburugwa izooba bwa Nigeria omu kugyezaho okuzibira orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria.<ref>"[https://howng.com/professor-wole-soyinka-full-biographylife-and-news/ Professor Wole Soyinka Full Biography, Life And News]". ''howng.com''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Akaza n'omuri Ẹnugu, ahu yabugaine mugyenzi we Omuyoruba, Victor Banjọ, orikukora na gavumenti ya Biafra. Soyinka, owaashabire obushagiki bw'abeebembezi b'amahe omu kicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, akahitsya obutumwa bwa Banjo ahari Lieutenant Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo, owaabaire atoorainwe nk'omuduumizi w'amahe g'omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba. Omumwebazyo gw'akana, Soyinka agarukire omu mahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, amahe ga Biafra gakatahirira ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Bwanyima y'okutwara oburengyerwa-izooba, Soyinka akabugana Obasanjo kumugambira ekigyendererwa ky'Ababiafra ahabwokuba Obasanjo akaba yaacwiremu kwegaita aha gavumenti ya Nigeria. Kwonka okutahirira kwa Biafra ahagati yóburegyerwa eizooba kikarugamu okuhoorera okwakozirwe amahe ga gavumenti eya federo, kandi orutaro rw'omunda rukatandika. Obasanjo akashoboorora gavumenti ya Nigeria orukiiko rwe na Soyinka, yarangirira Soyinka nk'omuheekyera, n'ahabw'ekyo akakwatwa ab'obushoborozi bwa federo kandi yaakomwa kumara emyezi 22.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/07/27/wole.soyinka/index.html Wole Soyinka: Nigeria's Nobel Laureate]". ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. 1 August 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2026.</ref> Akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi n'byevugo arikujuumirira gavumenti ya Nigeria obu yaabaire ari omu kihome.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (2006), ''You Must Set Forth at Dawn'', p. 6.</ref> Omu kutandika kwa 1967, ebihandiiko bye Kongi’s Harvest na Idanre and Other Poems bikashohozibwa.<ref>"[https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/engp06/chapter/wole-soyinka-kongis-harvest/ Wole Soyinka, Kongi's Harvest – African & Caribbean Writing in English]". ''ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Ari na Tom Stoppard, akatunga ekirabo kya John Whiting omuri London. Akatooranwa kuba mukuru w'eishomero rya Drama, Yunivasite ya Ibadan kwonka akaremwa kutwara entebe egyo ahabw'okubohwa omu kwezi kwa munaana. N'obu araabe yaabaire ari omu kihome, omuzaano gwe ogurikwetwa The Lion and The Jewel gukagumizamu gwashohozibwa omuri Accra, Ghana omu Kwamwenda 1967. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Strong Breed bikashohozibwa aba Off-Broadway omu Greenwich Mews Theatre omuri New York City. Omuri 1968, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Jock Campbell-New Statesman Award. Ekibiina kya Negro Ensemble Company kikashohoza Kongi's Harvest aha St. Mark's Theatre, New York.<ref>"[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,838330,00.html Theater: Kongi's Harvest]". ''Time''. 26 April 1968. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X 0040-781X]. Retrieved 7 May 2022.</ref> Akavunuura D. O. Fagunwa's Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irunmale kuruga omu rurimi rwa Yoruba kuza omu Rungyereza. Kikashohozibwa nka The Forest of a Thousand Demons: A Hunter's Saga. === Okurekurwa n'okushohoza ebitabo. === Omu Okwaikumi 1969, emyezi mikye erikuburayo orutaro rw'omunda rukahwa, okusaasira kukarangirirwa, Soyinka hamwe n'abandi basibe b'eby'obutegyeki barekurwa.<ref>PEN America (16 April 2012). "[https://pen.org/case-histories-wole-soyinka/ Case Histories: Wole Soyinka]". ''PEN America''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omu myezi mikye y'okubanza bwanyima y'okurekurwa kwe, Soyinka akaguma aha faamu ya munywani we omu mashuuma ga Bufaransa, ahu yaasherwire kuhuumuraho wenka. Akahandiika The Bacchae of Euripides (1969), ekihandiiko kihindwiremu kushushana enfumu ya Pentheus.<ref name=":3">Killam and Rowe (eds), ''The Companion to African Literature'' (2000), p. 276.</ref> Kandi akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebyevugo omuri London, kikwetwa Poems from Prison. Aha muheru gw'omwaka, akagaruka omu ofiisi ye nk'orikukurira eby'emizaano omuri Ibadan.<ref name=":5">"[https://dailytrust.com/things-to-know-about-prof-wole-soyinka-at-89/ Things To Know About Prof Wole Soyinka At 89]". ''[[:en:Daily_Trust|Daily Trust]]''. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omu 1970, akashohoza omuzaano Kongi's Harvest, kandi omu bwire bumwe akaguhindura nk'omuzaano gwa firimu gw'eiziina niryo rimwe, Kongi's Harvest. Omu Kwamukaaga 1970, akamara omuzaano ogundi, ogurikwetwa Madmen and Specialists.<ref>Ajeluorou, Anote (25 July 2015). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/periscoping-a-senseless-war-in-madmen-and-specialists/ Periscoping A Senseless War In Madmen And Specialists]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</ref> Arikukoragana n'ekibiina ky'abazaani 15 ba Ibadan University Theatre Art Company, akagyenda United States, kureeba Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center omuri Waterford, Connecticut, ahu omuzaano gwe oguyabaire ahererukurieyo kuhandiika gwayorekirwe omurundi gwokubanza.[citation needed] Omu 1971, ekitabo kye ky'ebyevugo ekya A Shuttle in the Crypt kikashohozibwa. Madmen and Specialists kikashohozibwa omuri Ibadan omwaka ogwo.<ref>Lee, Christopher J. (25 March 2020). "[http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/reading-wole-soyinka-s-madmen-and-specialists-time-pandemic Reading Wole Soyinka's 'Madmen and Specialists' in a Time of Pandemic]". ''Warscapes''.</ref> Omu Kwakana 1971, ahabw'okwerarikirira aha mbeera y'eby'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria, Soyinka akarekura emirimo ye aha Yunivasite omuri Ibadan, kandi yaatandika emyaka mingi ayetwaire omubuzaahe. kuza omu buzaahe.<ref name=":6">Adegbamigbe, Ademola (13 July 2019). "[https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/07/13/soyinka-at-85-why-i-detained-him-for-2-years-during-civil-war-yakubu-gowon/ Soyinka at 85: 'Why I Detained Him for 2 Years During the Civil War' - Yakubu Gowon]". ''The NEWS''. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</ref> Soyinka akagyenda omuri Paris, Bufaransa, kutwara omurimo gw'okuzaana nka Patrice Lumumba, mukuru w'eihanga w'okubanza rya Repubulika ya Kongo owaisirwe, omu muzaano ogwashohozibwe Joan Littlewood omu kwakataano 1971 ogurikwetwa Murderous Angels, omuzaano gwa Conor Cruise O'Brien ogwabaire nigukwata aha buremeezi bwa Kongo.<ref name=":4">Gibbs, James. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/soyinka-wole-13-july-1934 Soyinka, Wole 1934–]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 September 2021. (Updated by [[:en:Tanure_Ojaide|Tanure Ojaide]].)</ref><ref>[[:en:Biodun_Jeyifo|Jeyifo, Biodun]] (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nwhlgrVqvYkC&q=%22Murderous+Angels%22%3D&pg=PR27 Chronology]". ''Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, and Postcolonialism''. Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;xxvii. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139439084|9781139439084]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri Paris, ebicweka kuruga omu muzaano gwa Soyinka ogurikumanywa munonga The Dance of The Forests bikazaanwa.<ref>Adenekan, Sulaiman (2016). "[https://www.tradenewswire.net/the-pride-of-africa-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-clocks-85-years-serving-humanity-poetically/ The Pride of Africa: Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka clocks 85 years serving humanity poeticall]y". ''Trade Newswire''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Omu 1972, ekitabo kye Season of Anomy hamwe na Collected Plays byona bikashohozibwa Oxford University Press. Ekihandiiko kye ky'ebirikumukwataho ekya The Man Died, ekirikurundaana ebi yaahandiikire omu kihome, nakyo kikashohozibwa omwaka ogwo.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/biographical/ Wole Soyinka | Biographical]", The Nobel Prize, 1986.</ref> Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Honoris Causa doctorate kuruga omu Yunivasite ya Leeds omuri 1973.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/honorary-degree/ Honorary Degree]", Leeds ''African Studies Bulletin'' 19 (November 1973), pp. 1–2. [Professor Soyinka receiving the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from the Chancellor, HRH the Duchess of Kent, on Thursday 17 May 1973 – image from 'Nobel Prize for Leeds Graduate', ''The Reporter'' (the University of Leeds), 258, 24 October 1986.]</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, National Theatre, London, ekashaba kandi yaatongoza omuzaano The Bacchae of Euripides,<ref name=":3" /> kandi emizaano ye Camwood on the Leaves na Jero's Metamorphosis nayo ekaba eri ey'okubanza kushohozibwa. Akamara omwaka gumwe nk'omugyenyi aha Churchill College, Cambridge<ref>Gumbel, Andrew (3 November 2005). "[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/03/theatre3 Wole Soyinka on how he came to write Death and the King's Horseman]". ''The Guardian''.</ref> (1973–74)<ref name=":4" /> kandi yaahandiika Death and the King's Horseman, ekyashomirwe omurundi gw'okubanza aha Churchill College.<ref name=":5" /> Omu 1974, Oxford University Press ekashohoza Soyinka's Collected Plays, Volume II. Akateeraho hamwe ekitabo kya 1975 Poems of Black Africa, ekyashohoziibwe nka kimwe ahakicweka kya Heinemann African Writers Series.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JtqywAEACAAJ Poems of Black Africa]'', Heinemann African Writers Series, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]. <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780435901714|9780435901714]]</bdi>.</ref> Kandi omuri 1975, Soyinka akakuzibwa yaaza aha ntebe y'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka Transition Magazine, akaabaire nikashangwa omu kibuga ekikuru ekya Ghana ekya Accra, ahu yaafurukiire.<ref name=":6" /> Akakoresa ebihandiiko bye omu magaziini kujumirira abo abarikusaasibwa munonga abairaguju (nk'eky'okureeberaho, ekicweka kye "Neo-Tarzanism: Eby'obutegyeki obwa Pseudo-Transition) hamwe n'obutegyeki bw'amahe. Akeesharinga ahabw'obutegyeki bw'amahe obwa Idi Amin omu Uganda. Bwanyima y'empindahinduka omu by'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria hamwe n'okuhenda gavumenti y'amahe eya Gowon omuri 1975, Soyinka akagaruka omu ihanga rye kandi yaagaruka omu mwanya gwe nka mukuru w'okugyeragyeranisa ebyahandiikirwe. omu Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref name=":6" /> === Okushomesa === Kuruga 1975 kuhisya 1999, Soyinka akaheereza nka Purofeesa w'ebitabo ebirikugyeragyeranisibwa aha Obafemi Awolowo University.<ref>Odinaka (31 July 2018). "[https://www.tori.ng/news/102835/the-house-prof-soyinka-lived-in-during-oau-days-tu.html The House Prof. Soyinka Lived In During OAU Days, Turned Into A Campus Museum (Photos)]". ''Tori.ng''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Amerika, akeegyesa aha Cornell University nk'omuhangu wa Goldwin Smith omu kwega aha Afirika hamwe n'eby'emizaano kuruga 1988 kuhisya 1991. Aha Yunivasite ya Emory, akatooranwa nka Robert W. Woodruff Purofeesa w'eby'emikono omuri 1996 kandi atwire ari Purofeesa w'okuhandiika omu Yunivasite ya Nevada, Las Vegas. Soyinka akaheereza scholar-in-residence omu Institute of African American Affairs eya New York University hamwe na Loyola Marymount University omuri Los Angeles, California. Akegyesa n'aha Yunivasite za Cambridge, Oxford, Harvard na Yale. Akaba ari omwegi w'amaani omu kutuura aha Yunivasite ya Duke omuri 2008.<ref>"[https://alumni.duke.edu/magazine/articles/soyinka-stage Soyinka on Stage | Nobel laureate works with student production of his play]". ''Duke Magazine''. No.&#x20;January–February 2011. 31 January 2011. Retrieved 18 April 2021.</ref> Omu Kwaikumi na kubiri 2017, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Europe Theatre Prize omu kicweka kya "Special Prize" category,<ref>Ajibade, Kunle (12 December 2017). "[https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2017/12/12/wole-soyinka-wins-europe-theatre-prize/ Wole Soyinka Wins The Europe Theatre Prize]". ''[[:en:P.M._News|P.M. News]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref><ref>"[https://www.concisenews.global/news/soyinka-wins-2017-the-europe-theatre-prize/ Soyinka Wins 2017 Europe Theatre Prize]". ''Concise News''. 15 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> ekyahairwe omuntu owaabaire "aine ekyayongyeireho omu kuhikiiriza emikoro y'eby'obuhangwa erikureetaho okwetegyereza n'okubagana amagyezi ahagati y'abantu".<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20171225034855/http://www.jamesmurua.com/wole-soyinka-to-receive-europe-theatre-prize-2017/ Wole Soyinka to receive Europe Theatre Prize 2017]". ''James Murua's Literature Blog''. 14 December 2017. Archived from the original on 25 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> Ebiro 1 September 2022, Soyinka akatwara entebe y'okuba Purofeesa w'eby'emizaano aha New York University Abu Dhabi.<ref>"[https://www.wam.ae/en/article/hszrfcet-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-joins-nyu-abu-dhabi Nobel laureate Wole Soyinka joins NYU Abu Dhabi faculty]". Emirates News Agency-WAM. 23 August 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref><ref>"[https://nyuad.nyu.edu/en/academics/divisions/arts-and-humanities/faculty/wole-soyinka.html Wole Soyinka | Arts Professor of Theater]". ''nyuad.nyu.edu''. New York University Abu Dhabi. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref> Omu 1976, akashohoza ekitabo kye ky'ebitebyo Ogun Abibiman, hamwe n'ekitabo ky'ebihandiiko ekiine omutwe Myth, Literature and the African World.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/facts/ The Nobel Prize in Literature 1986]". ''NobelPrize.org''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omuri ebi, Soyinka naashwijuma oburugo bw'oburagwa omu katemba ka Afirika kandi, arikukoresa eby'okureeberaho kuruga omuri Buraaya na Afirika, naagyeragyeranisa kandi akashoboorora eby'obuhangwa. Akaha orubazo rw'omutaano aha itendekyero ry'okushwijuma Afirika aha Yunivasite ya Ghana omuri Legon. Omu Okwaikumi 1976, envunuura ya Bufaransa eya The Dance of The Forests<ref>"[https://abjournals.org/ajchrt/papers/volume-8/issue-1/ghost-dirge-and-the-forest-dance-in-soyinkas-metathysical-play-a-dance-of-the-forests/ Ghost, Dirge and the Forest Dance in Soyinka's Metaphysical Play "A Dance of the Forests]". ''African Journal of Culture, History, Religion and Traditions (AJCHRT)''. 24 November 2024. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> ekazaanwa omuri Dakar. Omu 1977, Opera Wọnyọsi, okuhindura kwe okw'omuzzano gwa Bertolt Brecht, T''he Threepenny Opera'', gukazaanira omuri Ibadan. Omu 1979, Soyinka akebembera kandi yazaana omu muzaano gwa Jon Blair na Norman Fenton ogurikwetwa The Biko Inquest, omzaano ogurikwegamira aha magara ga Steve Biko, omwegi wa South Africa kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe bw'abantu owaateirwe akafa ahabwa pooriisi y'omuri South Africa eyabaire neekuratira engyenderwaho y'okushoroora omu bantu.<ref name=":4" /> Omu 1981 Soyinka akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebirikumukwataho Aké: The Years of Childhood, ekyasingire ekirabo kya 1983 Anisfield-Wolf Book Award.<ref>"[https://www.anisfield-wolf.org/winners/ake-the-years-of-childhood/ Winners: 1983 Nonfiction – Ake]". ''Anisfield-Wolf Book Awards''. Retrieved 9 April 2021.</ref> Soyinka akagumizamu yaatandikaho ekibiina ekindi eky'emizaano, ekya Guerrilla Unit, ekyasherwire kwejumba butunu n'abantu b'omubyaro. Ekigyendererwa kyayo kikaba kiri okubahwera kuteekateeka aha buremeezi bwabo n'okuha eiraka okwetomboitwa kwabo kurabira omu kukora emizaano migufu. == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == t7uw67i4bea1y93k7ntywa6meawdgcl 7256351 7256350 2026-07-20T09:39:40Z Rooth N 2608660 7256351 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wp/nyn]] '''Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola] 2021, p.&#x20;34.</ref>''', a'''kazaarwa 13 Okwamushanju 1934) n'omuhandiiki Omunigeria, w'emizaano, kandi omuhandiiki w'ebitabo. Akahandiika ebitabo bishatu, by'ebitabo by'emigane mikye eikumi, ebitabo mushanju by'ebyevugo, ebitabo by'emizaano abiri na bitaano, hamwe n'ebitabo bitaano by'ebirikumukwataho.<ref name=":2">Gibbs, James (1986). ''Wole Soyinka''. Basingstoke: [[:en:Macmillan_Publishers|Macmillan]]. p.&#x20;3. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780333305287|9780333305287]]</bdi>.</ref> Ahandiikire ebitabo bibiri ebivunwirwe hamwe n'ebicweka bingi hamwe n'ebitebyo bikye bikye by'okuhandiikisa empapura z'amakuru hamwe n'ebitabo by'obwire bukye. Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel eky'omwaka 1986 omu by'obuhangwa ahabw'okugira ngu akaba naashwijuma "ebintu bingi ebirikukwata aha buhangwa hamwe n'orurimi rw'okwevuga ahabirikukwata aha kubaho kw'abantu".<ref>Abdullahi, Idowu (11 October 2024). "[https://punchng.com/nobel-laureate-award-exposed-me-to-danger-wole-soyinka/ Nobel Laureate award exposed me to danger]". ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Akazaarwa omu ka y'Abakurisitaayo Abayoruba omuri Aké, Abeokuta.<ref>"[https://dawncommission.org/professor-wole-soyinka/ Professor Wole Soyinka – DAWN Commission]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref><ref name=":0">"[https://wolesoyinkalecture.org/about-wole-soyinka-2/ About Wole Soyinka]". ''Wole Soyinka Lecture Series''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Soyinka akatunga obwegyese obw'okumutebeekanisa aha Government College, Ibadan kandi yaagyenda aha University College Ibadan. Omu bwire bw'obwegyese bwe, akatandikaho ekibiina kya Pyrate Confraternity.<ref name=":0" /> Soyinka akaruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza kwega aha Yunivasite ya Leeds. Omu bwire obwo, niwe yaabaire ari omuhandiiki w'akatabo ka yunivasite, The Eagle, atakabaire muhandiiki ow'obutwire omu myaka ya 1950.<ref>"[https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/wole-soyinka/ Wole Soyinka – Narrative Landscape Press]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Bungyereza, akatandika kuhandiika ebitebyo bigufu n'okukora ebihandiiko aha BBC Lecture series. Akahandiika emizaano mingi eyazaanairwe aha reediyo hamwe n'omu myanya y'emizaano omuri Nigeria hamwe na Bungyereza, okukira munonga Royal Court Theatre.<ref>"[https://livingarchive.royalcourttheatre.com/black-plays-1960s/ Black Plays 1960s]". ''Royal Court - Living Archive''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Ebitabo bya Soyinka bingi hamwe n'emizaano ye, nibiteebwaho omuri Nigeria, ekirikworeka ebyafaayo by'eihanga eryo, eby'obuhangwa, hamwe n'oburemeezi bw'eby'obutegyeki. Oyihireho emirimo egi, akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi ebirikujumiirira emitwarize mibi y'abantu omungyeri erikushetsya. Ebihandiiko ebi bikajanjaara omu bantu baingi kandi byakundwa munonga. Atungire obusinguzi n'emizaano ye, otwariiremu The Swamp Dwellers (1958), The Lion and the Jewel (1959), na The Invention (1957), omuzaano gumwe ahayabandize, ogwakoriirwe aha Royal Court Theatre. Soyinka ahandiikire ebitabo bingi, otwariiremu The Interpreters (1965), Season of Anomy (1973), Death and the King's Horseman, Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth (2021), na Harmattan Haze on an African Spring (2012). Omu Kwamushanju 2024, Bola Tinubu akahindura eiziina ry'ekishengye ky'emizaano ekya National Arts Theatre ahanyima ya Soyinka aha mazaarwa ge ag'emyaka 90. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Soyinka akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju 1934 omuri Ake, Abeokuta, Nigeria omu ka y'Abakristaayo ey'obuzaare bw'Abayoruba. Akaba ari owa kabiri omu baana mushanju[a] ba Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, omuheereza w'Abakuristayo kandi mukuru w'eishomero kuruga omu ruganda rw'obugabe orwa Isara-Remo[<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1988 Gibbs 1988], pp.&#x20;526.</ref> hamwe na Grace Soyinka (née Jenkins-Harrison), omushubuuzi kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe kuruga omu ruganda rwa Ransome-Kuti.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFMaduakor1986 Maduakor 1986], pp.&#x20;227.</ref> Nyina Grace hamwe n'ab'eka ye, aba Ransome-Kutis, bakaba bari ab'eka y'amaani omuri Nigeria<ref>Staff writer (9 May 2014). "[https://businessday.ng/family-and-relationships/article/great-dynasties-the-ransome-kutis/ Great Dynasties:The Ransome-Kutis]". ''[[:en:BusinessDay_(Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> abarikugambwaho nk'ekigarukwamu kya Nigeria aha ka ya Kennedy omuri United States. Owaabatandikireho, omusesorodooti w'Abakuristaayo J. J. Ransome-Kuti, akaba ari omuntu w'okubanza omu ihanga rye omu by'okushohoza ebyeshongoro omu myaka ya 1920.<ref>Sansom, Ian. "[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/11/fela-kuti-great-dynasties-ian-sansom Great Dynasties: The Ransome-Kutis]". ''theguardian.com''. Retrieved 17 January 2026.</ref> Kuruga 1940 kuhistya 1946, Soyinka akaba naashoma aha St. Peters Primary School, ahu ishe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eishomero.<ref>"[https://guardian.ng/art/genius-of-the-unconventional-and-the-patterning-of-dualities-wole-soyinkas-early-childhood-part-3/ Genius of the unconventional and the patterning of dualities: Wole Soyinka's early childhood]". ''T[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|he Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akashomera siniya ye Abeokuta Grammar School kandi okushoma kwe okw'okweteekateekyera Yunivasite aha Government College, Ibadan kuruga 1946 kuhisya 1951.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/soyinka-wole-1934/ Wole Soyinka (1934- )]". ''[[:en:BlackPast.org|BlackPast.org]]''. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akaheebwa omwanya omu University College Ibadan, ahu yaashomire ebyahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza, Orugriika, hamwe n'ebyafaayo by'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kuruga 1952 kuhisya 1954.<ref name=":1">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola 2021], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Omu myaka ye y'ahamuheru omu yunivasite, akahandiika omuzaano mugufu aha reediyo, Keffi's Birthday Treat, ogwashohwire omu Kwamushanju 1954 kuruga omu kitongore kya Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1980 Gibbs 1980], p.&#x20;21.</ref> Hamwe n'abeegi bagyenzi be otwariiremu Olumuyiwa Awẹ, Ralph Opara, Aig-Imoukhuede, na Pius Olegbe, akatandikaho ekibiina ekirikwetwa National Association of Seadogs, ekibiina ky'okubanza omuri Nigeria.<ref name=":1" /> Soyinka akafuruka kuruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza omuri 1954 kugumizamu n'emishomo ye omu byahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza aha Yunivasite ya Leeds arikureebererwa G. Wilson Knight.<ref>''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFEncyclopedia_Britannica2024 Encyclopedia Britannica]'' 2024.</ref> Okusharamu kw'okushoma aheeru y'eihanga omu bwire obwo obu okushoma diguri ya kabiri kyabaire kitarikubaho omuri Ibadan kikaba kiri kurabira omuri Joyce M. Green, omukazi Omungyereza owaizire omu University College, Ibadan kuruga Cambridge omuri 1950, kandi owaabaire ari omwe aha beegyesa ba Soyinka kandi owaabaire amuhaire ekihandiiko kirungi eky'okumugambaho omuri Leeds.<ref>Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi (28 July 2019). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/soyinkas-early-romance-with-england-1954-1959-a-cold-chapter-for-an-anti-form-rebel-part-1/ Soyinka's early romance with England 1954-1959: A cold chapter for an anti-form rebel]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 8 January 2026.</ref> Aha yunivasite ya Leeds, akaheereza nk'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka yunivasite akarikushetsya, The Eagle, omuri ako yaahandiika ekicweka aha magara g'eby'okushoma. Omu Kwamunaana 1955, akatandika kukwata ebyeshongoro aha BBC Lecture kandi yaahandiika ebitebyo bigufu nyingi. Omuri 1957, akasingura empaka z'okugamba ezirikubaho buri mwaka ezirikuteebwaho Yunivasite.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFLindfors1974 Lindfors 1974], pp.&#x20;471–486.</ref> == Emirimo == === 1957–1967: Omurimo gwe gw'okubanza === Soyinka akaguma omuri Leeds bwanyima y'okutunga diguri ye eya BA honours omu Rungyereza omuri 1957.<ref name=":2" /> Omu 1957, akatandika kuhandiika emizaano ye ey'okubanza, ''Swamp Dwellers'' na ''The Lion and the Jewel''. Soyinka akaza London kandi yaakora nk'omushomi w'emizaano aha Royal Court Theatre. Akebembera ekibiina kya Nigerian Drama Group ekyakozire The Swamp Dwellers omuri 1958. Omu bwire obwo, emizaano ye ebiri ekazaanwa omuri Ibadan, Nigeria. Omuri 1957, omuzaano gwe, The Invention, gukashohozibwa aha Royal Court Theatre omuri London, kandi gukaba guri omurimo gwe gw'okubanza aha.<ref>"Wole Soyinka". ''African Biography''. Detroit, MI: Gale (published 2 December 2006). 1999. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-2823-9|978-0-7876-2823-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akahandiika ebyevugo, otwariiremu "''The Immigrant''" hamwe na "''My Next Door Neighbour''", ebyareebekire omuri Black Orpheus. Omuri 1959, Soyinka akagaruka Nigeria bwanyima y'okutunga obuhwezi bwa Rockefeller Research Fellowship ahabw'okucondooza kwe aha by'emizaano ya Afirika. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe omwaka nigwo gumwe, akaza omu mwanya gwa Janheinz Jahn nk'omwe ahabahandiiki babiri bakuru ba Black Orpheus.<ref>Jacobs, Alan. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/trials-brother-jero The Trials Of Brother Jero]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu 1960, akamara omuzaano gwe ogwa reediyo Camwood on the Leaves, kandi n'omuzaano gwe ''The Trials of Brother Jero'' gukatongozibwa omu Mellanby Hall residence of University College Ibadan omu Kwakana 1960. Akakora ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Mask omu myaka ya 1960. Omuzaano gwe ogwa A Dance of The Forest, gukatongozibwa nk'omuzaano gw'eizooba ry'okwetegyeka kwa Nigeria, kandi ebiro 1 Okwaikumi 1960, gukatongozibwa omuri Lagos.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[[:en:BlackPast.org|Wole Soyinka (1934- )". ''BlackPast.org'']]. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Omuzaano gwa Soyinka ogw'okubanza ogurikwetwa My Father's Burden, gukaba nigwebemberwa Olusegun Olusola kandi gukaba nigworekwa aha Western Nigeria Television ebiro 6 Okwamunaana 1960.<ref>Uzoatu, Uzor Maxim (5 October 2013). "[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/146108-essential-soyinka-timeline-uzor-maxim-uzoatu.html The Essential Soyinka Timeline]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref> Omu 1962, Soyinka akahandiika ebihandiiko birikurwanirira okushoma n'okuhandiika omuri Nigeria omu bwire obwo otwariiremu "Death of the King's Horsemen" hamwe na "Towards a True Theater", ebyashohoziibwe omu Transition Magazine.<ref>Amayi, Zakayo (22 June 2013). "[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/standard-entertainment/article/2000086475/soyinkas-grumpy-battles-to-defend-literary-legacy Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's grumpy battles to defend literary legacy]". Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa aha Obafemi Awolowo University omuri Ifẹ. Omu 1963, firimu ye y'okubanza, Culture in Transition, ekashohozibwa. Soyinka akarekura omurimo gwe aha Yunivasite omuri 1964, nk'okwesharinga ahabw'emitwarize y'okushagika gavumenti eyateirweho ab'obushoborozi. Akagira ngu ab'obushoborozi omu yunivasite bakakwatanisa eitendekyero n'obutegyeki bwa Samuel Ladoke Akintola obwabaire butarikukundwa. Omu bwire obwo, akakora The Lion and the Jewel<ref>"[https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/critical-responses-to-african-theatre-wole-soyinkas-the-lion-and-the-jewel-by-professor-martin-banham/ Critical Responses to African Theatre: Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel by Professor Martin Banham | Black Plays Archive]". ''www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> omu siizoni y'emizaano omu Rungyereza na Yoruba hamwe n'okutandikaho The Orisun Theatre Company, guruupu ya theatre. Omu 1965, akakora omuzaano gwa gurikujumirira emitwarize mibi omungyeru erikushestya, ''Before the Blackout''.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/african-theatre-soyinka/ Review of African Theatre Soyinka: Blackout, Blowout and Beyond | Centre for African Studies (LUCAS)]". ''lucas.leeds.ac.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuzano gwe, Kongi's Harvest, gukatandika omu Kwamunaana omuri Lagos. Ebiro 14 September 1965, omuzaano gwe The Road gukatandika kworekwa omuri London aha Commonwealth Arts Festival hamwe na Theatre Royal Stratford East. Soyinka akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa mukuru aha Yunivasite ya Lagos. Juba, ekitabo kye ekisya The Interpreters kikashohozibwa André Deutsch omuri London. Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akakomwa omurundi gw'okubanza, yaajunaanwa okukwata reediyo aha mbundu akahindura akatambi k'ebigambo by'enganzi y'ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba n'akatambi akarikujunaana okwiba akaruuru. Akarekurwa bwanyima y'ameezi agamwe g'okukomwa ahabw'okwesharinga kw'abantu b'ensi yoona abahandiiki. Akahandiika n'ekitabo The Detainee, omuzaano gwa reediyo ogwashohozibwe BBC omuri London.<ref>Ezugwu, Obinna (19 July 2021). "[https://hallmarknews.com/salute-to-kongi-at-87/ Salute To Kongi At 87]". ''hallmarknews.com''. Retrieved 13 August 2022.</ref> === 1966–1968: Orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria === Bwanyima y'okuba Mukuru w'ekibiina ky'emizaano aha Yunivasite ya Ibadan, Soyinka akatandika kwejumba omu by'obutegyeki. Bwanyima y'amahe okuhamba obutegyeki omu kwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1966, akabugana omu kihama Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, gavana w'amahe ow'amashuuma g'oburugwa izooba bwa Nigeria omu kugyezaho okuzibira orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria.<ref>"[https://howng.com/professor-wole-soyinka-full-biographylife-and-news/ Professor Wole Soyinka Full Biography, Life And News]". ''howng.com''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Akaza n'omuri Ẹnugu, ahu yabugaine mugyenzi we Omuyoruba, Victor Banjọ, orikukora na gavumenti ya Biafra. Soyinka, owaashabire obushagiki bw'abeebembezi b'amahe omu kicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, akahitsya obutumwa bwa Banjo ahari Lieutenant Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo, owaabaire atoorainwe nk'omuduumizi w'amahe g'omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba. Omumwebazyo gw'akana, Soyinka agarukire omu mahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, amahe ga Biafra gakatahirira ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Bwanyima y'okutwara oburengyerwa-izooba, Soyinka akabugana Obasanjo kumugambira ekigyendererwa ky'Ababiafra ahabwokuba Obasanjo akaba yaacwiremu kwegaita aha gavumenti ya Nigeria. Kwonka okutahirira kwa Biafra ahagati yóburegyerwa eizooba kikarugamu okuhoorera okwakozirwe amahe ga gavumenti eya federo, kandi orutaro rw'omunda rukatandika. Obasanjo akashoboorora gavumenti ya Nigeria orukiiko rwe na Soyinka, yarangirira Soyinka nk'omuheekyera, n'ahabw'ekyo akakwatwa ab'obushoborozi bwa federo kandi yaakomwa kumara emyezi 22.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/07/27/wole.soyinka/index.html Wole Soyinka: Nigeria's Nobel Laureate]". ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. 1 August 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2026.</ref> Akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi n'byevugo arikujuumirira gavumenti ya Nigeria obu yaabaire ari omu kihome.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (2006), ''You Must Set Forth at Dawn'', p. 6.</ref> Omu kutandika kwa 1967, ebihandiiko bye Kongi’s Harvest na Idanre and Other Poems bikashohozibwa.<ref>"[https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/engp06/chapter/wole-soyinka-kongis-harvest/ Wole Soyinka, Kongi's Harvest – African & Caribbean Writing in English]". ''ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Ari na Tom Stoppard, akatunga ekirabo kya John Whiting omuri London. Akatooranwa kuba mukuru w'eishomero rya Drama, Yunivasite ya Ibadan kwonka akaremwa kutwara entebe egyo ahabw'okubohwa omu kwezi kwa munaana. N'obu araabe yaabaire ari omu kihome, omuzaano gwe ogurikwetwa The Lion and The Jewel gukagumizamu gwashohozibwa omuri Accra, Ghana omu Kwamwenda 1967. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Strong Breed bikashohozibwa aba Off-Broadway omu Greenwich Mews Theatre omuri New York City. Omuri 1968, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Jock Campbell-New Statesman Award. Ekibiina kya Negro Ensemble Company kikashohoza Kongi's Harvest aha St. Mark's Theatre, New York.<ref>"[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,838330,00.html Theater: Kongi's Harvest]". ''Time''. 26 April 1968. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X 0040-781X]. Retrieved 7 May 2022.</ref> Akavunuura D. O. Fagunwa's Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irunmale kuruga omu rurimi rwa Yoruba kuza omu Rungyereza. Kikashohozibwa nka The Forest of a Thousand Demons: A Hunter's Saga. === Okurekurwa n'okushohoza ebitabo. === Omu Okwaikumi 1969, emyezi mikye erikuburayo orutaro rw'omunda rukahwa, okusaasira kukarangirirwa, Soyinka hamwe n'abandi basibe b'eby'obutegyeki barekurwa.<ref>PEN America (16 April 2012). "[https://pen.org/case-histories-wole-soyinka/ Case Histories: Wole Soyinka]". ''PEN America''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omu myezi mikye y'okubanza bwanyima y'okurekurwa kwe, Soyinka akaguma aha faamu ya munywani we omu mashuuma ga Bufaransa, ahu yaasherwire kuhuumuraho wenka. Akahandiika The Bacchae of Euripides (1969), ekihandiiko kihindwiremu kushushana enfumu ya Pentheus.<ref name=":3">Killam and Rowe (eds), ''The Companion to African Literature'' (2000), p. 276.</ref> Kandi akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebyevugo omuri London, kikwetwa Poems from Prison. Aha muheru gw'omwaka, akagaruka omu ofiisi ye nk'orikukurira eby'emizaano omuri Ibadan.<ref name=":5">"[https://dailytrust.com/things-to-know-about-prof-wole-soyinka-at-89/ Things To Know About Prof Wole Soyinka At 89]". ''[[:en:Daily_Trust|Daily Trust]]''. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omu 1970, akashohoza omuzaano Kongi's Harvest, kandi omu bwire bumwe akaguhindura nk'omuzaano gwa firimu gw'eiziina niryo rimwe, Kongi's Harvest. Omu Kwamukaaga 1970, akamara omuzaano ogundi, ogurikwetwa Madmen and Specialists.<ref>Ajeluorou, Anote (25 July 2015). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/periscoping-a-senseless-war-in-madmen-and-specialists/ Periscoping A Senseless War In Madmen And Specialists]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</ref> Arikukoragana n'ekibiina ky'abazaani 15 ba Ibadan University Theatre Art Company, akagyenda United States, kureeba Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center omuri Waterford, Connecticut, ahu omuzaano gwe oguyabaire ahererukurieyo kuhandiika gwayorekirwe omurundi gwokubanza.[citation needed] Omu 1971, ekitabo kye ky'ebyevugo ekya A Shuttle in the Crypt kikashohozibwa. Madmen and Specialists kikashohozibwa omuri Ibadan omwaka ogwo.<ref>Lee, Christopher J. (25 March 2020). "[http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/reading-wole-soyinka-s-madmen-and-specialists-time-pandemic Reading Wole Soyinka's 'Madmen and Specialists' in a Time of Pandemic]". ''Warscapes''.</ref> Omu Kwakana 1971, ahabw'okwerarikirira aha mbeera y'eby'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria, Soyinka akarekura emirimo ye aha Yunivasite omuri Ibadan, kandi yaatandika emyaka mingi ayetwaire omubuzaahe. kuza omu buzaahe.<ref name=":6">Adegbamigbe, Ademola (13 July 2019). "[https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/07/13/soyinka-at-85-why-i-detained-him-for-2-years-during-civil-war-yakubu-gowon/ Soyinka at 85: 'Why I Detained Him for 2 Years During the Civil War' - Yakubu Gowon]". ''The NEWS''. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</ref> Soyinka akagyenda omuri Paris, Bufaransa, kutwara omurimo gw'okuzaana nka Patrice Lumumba, mukuru w'eihanga w'okubanza rya Repubulika ya Kongo owaisirwe, omu muzaano ogwashohozibwe Joan Littlewood omu kwakataano 1971 ogurikwetwa Murderous Angels, omuzaano gwa Conor Cruise O'Brien ogwabaire nigukwata aha buremeezi bwa Kongo.<ref name=":4">Gibbs, James. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/soyinka-wole-13-july-1934 Soyinka, Wole 1934–]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 September 2021. (Updated by [[:en:Tanure_Ojaide|Tanure Ojaide]].)</ref><ref>[[:en:Biodun_Jeyifo|Jeyifo, Biodun]] (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nwhlgrVqvYkC&q=%22Murderous+Angels%22%3D&pg=PR27 Chronology]". ''Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, and Postcolonialism''. Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;xxvii. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139439084|9781139439084]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri Paris, ebicweka kuruga omu muzaano gwa Soyinka ogurikumanywa munonga The Dance of The Forests bikazaanwa.<ref>Adenekan, Sulaiman (2016). "[https://www.tradenewswire.net/the-pride-of-africa-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-clocks-85-years-serving-humanity-poetically/ The Pride of Africa: Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka clocks 85 years serving humanity poeticall]y". ''Trade Newswire''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Omu 1972, ekitabo kye Season of Anomy hamwe na Collected Plays byona bikashohozibwa Oxford University Press. Ekihandiiko kye ky'ebirikumukwataho ekya The Man Died, ekirikurundaana ebi yaahandiikire omu kihome, nakyo kikashohozibwa omwaka ogwo.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/biographical/ Wole Soyinka | Biographical]", The Nobel Prize, 1986.</ref> Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Honoris Causa doctorate kuruga omu Yunivasite ya Leeds omuri 1973.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/honorary-degree/ Honorary Degree]", Leeds ''African Studies Bulletin'' 19 (November 1973), pp. 1–2. [Professor Soyinka receiving the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from the Chancellor, HRH the Duchess of Kent, on Thursday 17 May 1973 – image from 'Nobel Prize for Leeds Graduate', ''The Reporter'' (the University of Leeds), 258, 24 October 1986.]</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, National Theatre, London, ekashaba kandi yaatongoza omuzaano The Bacchae of Euripides,<ref name=":3" /> kandi emizaano ye Camwood on the Leaves na Jero's Metamorphosis nayo ekaba eri ey'okubanza kushohozibwa. Akamara omwaka gumwe nk'omugyenyi aha Churchill College, Cambridge<ref>Gumbel, Andrew (3 November 2005). "[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/03/theatre3 Wole Soyinka on how he came to write Death and the King's Horseman]". ''The Guardian''.</ref> (1973–74)<ref name=":4" /> kandi yaahandiika Death and the King's Horseman, ekyashomirwe omurundi gw'okubanza aha Churchill College.<ref name=":5" /> Omu 1974, Oxford University Press ekashohoza Soyinka's Collected Plays, Volume II. Akateeraho hamwe ekitabo kya 1975 Poems of Black Africa, ekyashohoziibwe nka kimwe ahakicweka kya Heinemann African Writers Series.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JtqywAEACAAJ Poems of Black Africa]'', Heinemann African Writers Series, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]. <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780435901714|9780435901714]]</bdi>.</ref> Kandi omuri 1975, Soyinka akakuzibwa yaaza aha ntebe y'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka Transition Magazine, akaabaire nikashangwa omu kibuga ekikuru ekya Ghana ekya Accra, ahu yaafurukiire.<ref name=":6" /> Akakoresa ebihandiiko bye omu magaziini kujumirira abo abarikusaasibwa munonga abairaguju (nk'eky'okureeberaho, ekicweka kye "Neo-Tarzanism: Eby'obutegyeki obwa Pseudo-Transition) hamwe n'obutegyeki bw'amahe. Akeesharinga ahabw'obutegyeki bw'amahe obwa Idi Amin omu Uganda. Bwanyima y'empindahinduka omu by'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria hamwe n'okuhenda gavumenti y'amahe eya Gowon omuri 1975, Soyinka akagaruka omu ihanga rye kandi yaagaruka omu mwanya gwe nka mukuru w'okugyeragyeranisa ebyahandiikirwe. omu Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref name=":6" /> === Okushomesa === Kuruga 1975 kuhisya 1999, Soyinka akaheereza nka Purofeesa w'ebitabo ebirikugyeragyeranisibwa aha Obafemi Awolowo University.<ref>Odinaka (31 July 2018). "[https://www.tori.ng/news/102835/the-house-prof-soyinka-lived-in-during-oau-days-tu.html The House Prof. Soyinka Lived In During OAU Days, Turned Into A Campus Museum (Photos)]". ''Tori.ng''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Amerika, akeegyesa aha Cornell University nk'omuhangu wa Goldwin Smith omu kwega aha Afirika hamwe n'eby'emizaano kuruga 1988 kuhisya 1991. Aha Yunivasite ya Emory, akatooranwa nka Robert W. Woodruff Purofeesa w'eby'emikono omuri 1996 kandi atwire ari Purofeesa w'okuhandiika omu Yunivasite ya Nevada, Las Vegas. Soyinka akaheereza scholar-in-residence omu Institute of African American Affairs eya New York University hamwe na Loyola Marymount University omuri Los Angeles, California. Akegyesa n'aha Yunivasite za Cambridge, Oxford, Harvard na Yale. Akaba ari omwegi w'amaani omu kutuura aha Yunivasite ya Duke omuri 2008.<ref>"[https://alumni.duke.edu/magazine/articles/soyinka-stage Soyinka on Stage | Nobel laureate works with student production of his play]". ''Duke Magazine''. No.&#x20;January–February 2011. 31 January 2011. Retrieved 18 April 2021.</ref> Omu Kwaikumi na kubiri 2017, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Europe Theatre Prize omu kicweka kya "Special Prize" category,<ref>Ajibade, Kunle (12 December 2017). "[https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2017/12/12/wole-soyinka-wins-europe-theatre-prize/ Wole Soyinka Wins The Europe Theatre Prize]". ''[[:en:P.M._News|P.M. News]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref><ref>"[https://www.concisenews.global/news/soyinka-wins-2017-the-europe-theatre-prize/ Soyinka Wins 2017 Europe Theatre Prize]". ''Concise News''. 15 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> ekyahairwe omuntu owaabaire "aine ekyayongyeireho omu kuhikiiriza emikoro y'eby'obuhangwa erikureetaho okwetegyereza n'okubagana amagyezi ahagati y'abantu".<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20171225034855/http://www.jamesmurua.com/wole-soyinka-to-receive-europe-theatre-prize-2017/ Wole Soyinka to receive Europe Theatre Prize 2017]". ''James Murua's Literature Blog''. 14 December 2017. Archived from the original on 25 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> Ebiro 1 September 2022, Soyinka akatwara entebe y'okuba Purofeesa w'eby'emizaano aha New York University Abu Dhabi.<ref>"[https://www.wam.ae/en/article/hszrfcet-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-joins-nyu-abu-dhabi Nobel laureate Wole Soyinka joins NYU Abu Dhabi faculty]". Emirates News Agency-WAM. 23 August 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref><ref>"[https://nyuad.nyu.edu/en/academics/divisions/arts-and-humanities/faculty/wole-soyinka.html Wole Soyinka | Arts Professor of Theater]". ''nyuad.nyu.edu''. New York University Abu Dhabi. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref> Omu 1976, akashohoza ekitabo kye ky'ebitebyo Ogun Abibiman, hamwe n'ekitabo ky'ebihandiiko ekiine omutwe Myth, Literature and the African World.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/facts/ The Nobel Prize in Literature 1986]". ''NobelPrize.org''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omuri ebi, Soyinka naashwijuma oburugo bw'oburagwa omu katemba ka Afirika kandi, arikukoresa eby'okureeberaho kuruga omuri Buraaya na Afirika, naagyeragyeranisa kandi akashoboorora eby'obuhangwa. Akaha orubazo rw'omutaano aha itendekyero ry'okushwijuma Afirika aha Yunivasite ya Ghana omuri Legon. Omu Okwaikumi 1976, envunuura ya Bufaransa eya The Dance of The Forests<ref>"[https://abjournals.org/ajchrt/papers/volume-8/issue-1/ghost-dirge-and-the-forest-dance-in-soyinkas-metathysical-play-a-dance-of-the-forests/ Ghost, Dirge and the Forest Dance in Soyinka's Metaphysical Play "A Dance of the Forests]". ''African Journal of Culture, History, Religion and Traditions (AJCHRT)''. 24 November 2024. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> ekazaanwa omuri Dakar. Omu 1977, Opera Wọnyọsi, okuhindura kwe okw'omuzzano gwa Bertolt Brecht, T''he Threepenny Opera'', gukazaanira omuri Ibadan. Omu 1979, Soyinka akebembera kandi yazaana omu muzaano gwa Jon Blair na Norman Fenton ogurikwetwa The Biko Inquest, omzaano ogurikwegamira aha magara ga Steve Biko, omwegi wa South Africa kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe bw'abantu owaateirwe akafa ahabwa pooriisi y'omuri South Africa eyabaire neekuratira engyenderwaho y'okushoroora omu bantu.<ref name=":4" /> Omu 1981 Soyinka akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebirikumukwataho Aké: The Years of Childhood, ekyasingire ekirabo kya 1983 Anisfield-Wolf Book Award.<ref>"[https://www.anisfield-wolf.org/winners/ake-the-years-of-childhood/ Winners: 1983 Nonfiction – Ake]". ''Anisfield-Wolf Book Awards''. Retrieved 9 April 2021.</ref> Soyinka akagumizamu yaatandikaho ekibiina ekindi eky'emizaano, ekya Guerrilla Unit, ekyasherwire kwejumba butunu n'abantu b'omubyaro. Ekigyendererwa kyayo kikaba kiri okubahwera kuteekateeka aha buremeezi bwabo n'okuha eiraka okwetomboitwa kwabo kurabira omu kukora emizaano migufu. Omu 1983, omuzaano gwe Requiem for a Futurologist gukaba guri omuzaano gwagwo gw'okubanza aha Yunivasite ya Ife. == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == beukbypx1ibtzscl4b7dwigh1xxbxsp 7256352 7256351 2026-07-20T09:41:06Z Rooth N 2608660 7256352 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wp/nyn]] '''Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola] 2021, p.&#x20;34.</ref>''', a'''kazaarwa 13 Okwamushanju 1934) n'omuhandiiki Omunigeria, w'emizaano, kandi omuhandiiki w'ebitabo. Akahandiika ebitabo bishatu, by'ebitabo by'emigane mikye eikumi, ebitabo mushanju by'ebyevugo, ebitabo by'emizaano abiri na bitaano, hamwe n'ebitabo bitaano by'ebirikumukwataho.<ref name=":2">Gibbs, James (1986). ''Wole Soyinka''. Basingstoke: [[:en:Macmillan_Publishers|Macmillan]]. p.&#x20;3. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780333305287|9780333305287]]</bdi>.</ref> Ahandiikire ebitabo bibiri ebivunwirwe hamwe n'ebicweka bingi hamwe n'ebitebyo bikye bikye by'okuhandiikisa empapura z'amakuru hamwe n'ebitabo by'obwire bukye. Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel eky'omwaka 1986 omu by'obuhangwa ahabw'okugira ngu akaba naashwijuma "ebintu bingi ebirikukwata aha buhangwa hamwe n'orurimi rw'okwevuga ahabirikukwata aha kubaho kw'abantu".<ref>Abdullahi, Idowu (11 October 2024). "[https://punchng.com/nobel-laureate-award-exposed-me-to-danger-wole-soyinka/ Nobel Laureate award exposed me to danger]". ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Akazaarwa omu ka y'Abakurisitaayo Abayoruba omuri Aké, Abeokuta.<ref>"[https://dawncommission.org/professor-wole-soyinka/ Professor Wole Soyinka – DAWN Commission]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref><ref name=":0">"[https://wolesoyinkalecture.org/about-wole-soyinka-2/ About Wole Soyinka]". ''Wole Soyinka Lecture Series''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Soyinka akatunga obwegyese obw'okumutebeekanisa aha Government College, Ibadan kandi yaagyenda aha University College Ibadan. Omu bwire bw'obwegyese bwe, akatandikaho ekibiina kya Pyrate Confraternity.<ref name=":0" /> Soyinka akaruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza kwega aha Yunivasite ya Leeds. Omu bwire obwo, niwe yaabaire ari omuhandiiki w'akatabo ka yunivasite, The Eagle, atakabaire muhandiiki ow'obutwire omu myaka ya 1950.<ref>"[https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/wole-soyinka/ Wole Soyinka – Narrative Landscape Press]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Bungyereza, akatandika kuhandiika ebitebyo bigufu n'okukora ebihandiiko aha BBC Lecture series. Akahandiika emizaano mingi eyazaanairwe aha reediyo hamwe n'omu myanya y'emizaano omuri Nigeria hamwe na Bungyereza, okukira munonga Royal Court Theatre.<ref>"[https://livingarchive.royalcourttheatre.com/black-plays-1960s/ Black Plays 1960s]". ''Royal Court - Living Archive''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Ebitabo bya Soyinka bingi hamwe n'emizaano ye, nibiteebwaho omuri Nigeria, ekirikworeka ebyafaayo by'eihanga eryo, eby'obuhangwa, hamwe n'oburemeezi bw'eby'obutegyeki. Oyihireho emirimo egi, akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi ebirikujumiirira emitwarize mibi y'abantu omungyeri erikushetsya. Ebihandiiko ebi bikajanjaara omu bantu baingi kandi byakundwa munonga. Atungire obusinguzi n'emizaano ye, otwariiremu The Swamp Dwellers (1958), The Lion and the Jewel (1959), na The Invention (1957), omuzaano gumwe ahayabandize, ogwakoriirwe aha Royal Court Theatre. Soyinka ahandiikire ebitabo bingi, otwariiremu The Interpreters (1965), Season of Anomy (1973), Death and the King's Horseman, Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth (2021), na Harmattan Haze on an African Spring (2012). Omu Kwamushanju 2024, Bola Tinubu akahindura eiziina ry'ekishengye ky'emizaano ekya National Arts Theatre ahanyima ya Soyinka aha mazaarwa ge ag'emyaka 90. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Soyinka akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju 1934 omuri Ake, Abeokuta, Nigeria omu ka y'Abakristaayo ey'obuzaare bw'Abayoruba. Akaba ari owa kabiri omu baana mushanju[a] ba Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, omuheereza w'Abakuristayo kandi mukuru w'eishomero kuruga omu ruganda rw'obugabe orwa Isara-Remo[<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1988 Gibbs 1988], pp.&#x20;526.</ref> hamwe na Grace Soyinka (née Jenkins-Harrison), omushubuuzi kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe kuruga omu ruganda rwa Ransome-Kuti.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFMaduakor1986 Maduakor 1986], pp.&#x20;227.</ref> Nyina Grace hamwe n'ab'eka ye, aba Ransome-Kutis, bakaba bari ab'eka y'amaani omuri Nigeria<ref>Staff writer (9 May 2014). "[https://businessday.ng/family-and-relationships/article/great-dynasties-the-ransome-kutis/ Great Dynasties:The Ransome-Kutis]". ''[[:en:BusinessDay_(Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> abarikugambwaho nk'ekigarukwamu kya Nigeria aha ka ya Kennedy omuri United States. Owaabatandikireho, omusesorodooti w'Abakuristaayo J. J. Ransome-Kuti, akaba ari omuntu w'okubanza omu ihanga rye omu by'okushohoza ebyeshongoro omu myaka ya 1920.<ref>Sansom, Ian. "[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/11/fela-kuti-great-dynasties-ian-sansom Great Dynasties: The Ransome-Kutis]". ''theguardian.com''. Retrieved 17 January 2026.</ref> Kuruga 1940 kuhistya 1946, Soyinka akaba naashoma aha St. Peters Primary School, ahu ishe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eishomero.<ref>"[https://guardian.ng/art/genius-of-the-unconventional-and-the-patterning-of-dualities-wole-soyinkas-early-childhood-part-3/ Genius of the unconventional and the patterning of dualities: Wole Soyinka's early childhood]". ''T[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|he Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akashomera siniya ye Abeokuta Grammar School kandi okushoma kwe okw'okweteekateekyera Yunivasite aha Government College, Ibadan kuruga 1946 kuhisya 1951.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/soyinka-wole-1934/ Wole Soyinka (1934- )]". ''[[:en:BlackPast.org|BlackPast.org]]''. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akaheebwa omwanya omu University College Ibadan, ahu yaashomire ebyahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza, Orugriika, hamwe n'ebyafaayo by'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kuruga 1952 kuhisya 1954.<ref name=":1">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola 2021], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Omu myaka ye y'ahamuheru omu yunivasite, akahandiika omuzaano mugufu aha reediyo, Keffi's Birthday Treat, ogwashohwire omu Kwamushanju 1954 kuruga omu kitongore kya Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1980 Gibbs 1980], p.&#x20;21.</ref> Hamwe n'abeegi bagyenzi be otwariiremu Olumuyiwa Awẹ, Ralph Opara, Aig-Imoukhuede, na Pius Olegbe, akatandikaho ekibiina ekirikwetwa National Association of Seadogs, ekibiina ky'okubanza omuri Nigeria.<ref name=":1" /> Soyinka akafuruka kuruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza omuri 1954 kugumizamu n'emishomo ye omu byahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza aha Yunivasite ya Leeds arikureebererwa G. Wilson Knight.<ref>''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFEncyclopedia_Britannica2024 Encyclopedia Britannica]'' 2024.</ref> Okusharamu kw'okushoma aheeru y'eihanga omu bwire obwo obu okushoma diguri ya kabiri kyabaire kitarikubaho omuri Ibadan kikaba kiri kurabira omuri Joyce M. Green, omukazi Omungyereza owaizire omu University College, Ibadan kuruga Cambridge omuri 1950, kandi owaabaire ari omwe aha beegyesa ba Soyinka kandi owaabaire amuhaire ekihandiiko kirungi eky'okumugambaho omuri Leeds.<ref>Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi (28 July 2019). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/soyinkas-early-romance-with-england-1954-1959-a-cold-chapter-for-an-anti-form-rebel-part-1/ Soyinka's early romance with England 1954-1959: A cold chapter for an anti-form rebel]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 8 January 2026.</ref> Aha yunivasite ya Leeds, akaheereza nk'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka yunivasite akarikushetsya, The Eagle, omuri ako yaahandiika ekicweka aha magara g'eby'okushoma. Omu Kwamunaana 1955, akatandika kukwata ebyeshongoro aha BBC Lecture kandi yaahandiika ebitebyo bigufu nyingi. Omuri 1957, akasingura empaka z'okugamba ezirikubaho buri mwaka ezirikuteebwaho Yunivasite.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFLindfors1974 Lindfors 1974], pp.&#x20;471–486.</ref> == Emirimo == === 1957–1967: Omurimo gwe gw'okubanza === Soyinka akaguma omuri Leeds bwanyima y'okutunga diguri ye eya BA honours omu Rungyereza omuri 1957.<ref name=":2" /> Omu 1957, akatandika kuhandiika emizaano ye ey'okubanza, ''Swamp Dwellers'' na ''The Lion and the Jewel''. Soyinka akaza London kandi yaakora nk'omushomi w'emizaano aha Royal Court Theatre. Akebembera ekibiina kya Nigerian Drama Group ekyakozire The Swamp Dwellers omuri 1958. Omu bwire obwo, emizaano ye ebiri ekazaanwa omuri Ibadan, Nigeria. Omuri 1957, omuzaano gwe, The Invention, gukashohozibwa aha Royal Court Theatre omuri London, kandi gukaba guri omurimo gwe gw'okubanza aha.<ref>"Wole Soyinka". ''African Biography''. Detroit, MI: Gale (published 2 December 2006). 1999. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-2823-9|978-0-7876-2823-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akahandiika ebyevugo, otwariiremu "''The Immigrant''" hamwe na "''My Next Door Neighbour''", ebyareebekire omuri Black Orpheus. Omuri 1959, Soyinka akagaruka Nigeria bwanyima y'okutunga obuhwezi bwa Rockefeller Research Fellowship ahabw'okucondooza kwe aha by'emizaano ya Afirika. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe omwaka nigwo gumwe, akaza omu mwanya gwa Janheinz Jahn nk'omwe ahabahandiiki babiri bakuru ba Black Orpheus.<ref>Jacobs, Alan. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/trials-brother-jero The Trials Of Brother Jero]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu 1960, akamara omuzaano gwe ogwa reediyo Camwood on the Leaves, kandi n'omuzaano gwe ''The Trials of Brother Jero'' gukatongozibwa omu Mellanby Hall residence of University College Ibadan omu Kwakana 1960. Akakora ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Mask omu myaka ya 1960. Omuzaano gwe ogwa A Dance of The Forest, gukatongozibwa nk'omuzaano gw'eizooba ry'okwetegyeka kwa Nigeria, kandi ebiro 1 Okwaikumi 1960, gukatongozibwa omuri Lagos.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[[:en:BlackPast.org|Wole Soyinka (1934- )". ''BlackPast.org'']]. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Omuzaano gwa Soyinka ogw'okubanza ogurikwetwa My Father's Burden, gukaba nigwebemberwa Olusegun Olusola kandi gukaba nigworekwa aha Western Nigeria Television ebiro 6 Okwamunaana 1960.<ref>Uzoatu, Uzor Maxim (5 October 2013). "[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/146108-essential-soyinka-timeline-uzor-maxim-uzoatu.html The Essential Soyinka Timeline]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref> Omu 1962, Soyinka akahandiika ebihandiiko birikurwanirira okushoma n'okuhandiika omuri Nigeria omu bwire obwo otwariiremu "Death of the King's Horsemen" hamwe na "Towards a True Theater", ebyashohoziibwe omu Transition Magazine.<ref>Amayi, Zakayo (22 June 2013). "[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/standard-entertainment/article/2000086475/soyinkas-grumpy-battles-to-defend-literary-legacy Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's grumpy battles to defend literary legacy]". Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa aha Obafemi Awolowo University omuri Ifẹ. Omu 1963, firimu ye y'okubanza, Culture in Transition, ekashohozibwa. Soyinka akarekura omurimo gwe aha Yunivasite omuri 1964, nk'okwesharinga ahabw'emitwarize y'okushagika gavumenti eyateirweho ab'obushoborozi. Akagira ngu ab'obushoborozi omu yunivasite bakakwatanisa eitendekyero n'obutegyeki bwa Samuel Ladoke Akintola obwabaire butarikukundwa. Omu bwire obwo, akakora The Lion and the Jewel<ref>"[https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/critical-responses-to-african-theatre-wole-soyinkas-the-lion-and-the-jewel-by-professor-martin-banham/ Critical Responses to African Theatre: Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel by Professor Martin Banham | Black Plays Archive]". ''www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> omu siizoni y'emizaano omu Rungyereza na Yoruba hamwe n'okutandikaho The Orisun Theatre Company, guruupu ya theatre. Omu 1965, akakora omuzaano gwa gurikujumirira emitwarize mibi omungyeru erikushestya, ''Before the Blackout''.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/african-theatre-soyinka/ Review of African Theatre Soyinka: Blackout, Blowout and Beyond | Centre for African Studies (LUCAS)]". ''lucas.leeds.ac.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuzano gwe, Kongi's Harvest, gukatandika omu Kwamunaana omuri Lagos. Ebiro 14 September 1965, omuzaano gwe The Road gukatandika kworekwa omuri London aha Commonwealth Arts Festival hamwe na Theatre Royal Stratford East. Soyinka akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa mukuru aha Yunivasite ya Lagos. Juba, ekitabo kye ekisya The Interpreters kikashohozibwa André Deutsch omuri London. Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akakomwa omurundi gw'okubanza, yaajunaanwa okukwata reediyo aha mbundu akahindura akatambi k'ebigambo by'enganzi y'ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba n'akatambi akarikujunaana okwiba akaruuru. Akarekurwa bwanyima y'ameezi agamwe g'okukomwa ahabw'okwesharinga kw'abantu b'ensi yoona abahandiiki. Akahandiika n'ekitabo The Detainee, omuzaano gwa reediyo ogwashohozibwe BBC omuri London.<ref>Ezugwu, Obinna (19 July 2021). "[https://hallmarknews.com/salute-to-kongi-at-87/ Salute To Kongi At 87]". ''hallmarknews.com''. Retrieved 13 August 2022.</ref> === 1966–1968: Orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria === Bwanyima y'okuba Mukuru w'ekibiina ky'emizaano aha Yunivasite ya Ibadan, Soyinka akatandika kwejumba omu by'obutegyeki. Bwanyima y'amahe okuhamba obutegyeki omu kwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1966, akabugana omu kihama Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, gavana w'amahe ow'amashuuma g'oburugwa izooba bwa Nigeria omu kugyezaho okuzibira orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria.<ref>"[https://howng.com/professor-wole-soyinka-full-biographylife-and-news/ Professor Wole Soyinka Full Biography, Life And News]". ''howng.com''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Akaza n'omuri Ẹnugu, ahu yabugaine mugyenzi we Omuyoruba, Victor Banjọ, orikukora na gavumenti ya Biafra. Soyinka, owaashabire obushagiki bw'abeebembezi b'amahe omu kicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, akahitsya obutumwa bwa Banjo ahari Lieutenant Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo, owaabaire atoorainwe nk'omuduumizi w'amahe g'omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba. Omumwebazyo gw'akana, Soyinka agarukire omu mahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, amahe ga Biafra gakatahirira ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Bwanyima y'okutwara oburengyerwa-izooba, Soyinka akabugana Obasanjo kumugambira ekigyendererwa ky'Ababiafra ahabwokuba Obasanjo akaba yaacwiremu kwegaita aha gavumenti ya Nigeria. Kwonka okutahirira kwa Biafra ahagati yóburegyerwa eizooba kikarugamu okuhoorera okwakozirwe amahe ga gavumenti eya federo, kandi orutaro rw'omunda rukatandika. Obasanjo akashoboorora gavumenti ya Nigeria orukiiko rwe na Soyinka, yarangirira Soyinka nk'omuheekyera, n'ahabw'ekyo akakwatwa ab'obushoborozi bwa federo kandi yaakomwa kumara emyezi 22.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/07/27/wole.soyinka/index.html Wole Soyinka: Nigeria's Nobel Laureate]". ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. 1 August 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2026.</ref> Akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi n'byevugo arikujuumirira gavumenti ya Nigeria obu yaabaire ari omu kihome.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (2006), ''You Must Set Forth at Dawn'', p. 6.</ref> Omu kutandika kwa 1967, ebihandiiko bye Kongi’s Harvest na Idanre and Other Poems bikashohozibwa.<ref>"[https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/engp06/chapter/wole-soyinka-kongis-harvest/ Wole Soyinka, Kongi's Harvest – African & Caribbean Writing in English]". ''ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Ari na Tom Stoppard, akatunga ekirabo kya John Whiting omuri London. Akatooranwa kuba mukuru w'eishomero rya Drama, Yunivasite ya Ibadan kwonka akaremwa kutwara entebe egyo ahabw'okubohwa omu kwezi kwa munaana. N'obu araabe yaabaire ari omu kihome, omuzaano gwe ogurikwetwa The Lion and The Jewel gukagumizamu gwashohozibwa omuri Accra, Ghana omu Kwamwenda 1967. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Strong Breed bikashohozibwa aba Off-Broadway omu Greenwich Mews Theatre omuri New York City. Omuri 1968, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Jock Campbell-New Statesman Award. Ekibiina kya Negro Ensemble Company kikashohoza Kongi's Harvest aha St. Mark's Theatre, New York.<ref>"[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,838330,00.html Theater: Kongi's Harvest]". ''Time''. 26 April 1968. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X 0040-781X]. Retrieved 7 May 2022.</ref> Akavunuura D. O. Fagunwa's Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irunmale kuruga omu rurimi rwa Yoruba kuza omu Rungyereza. Kikashohozibwa nka The Forest of a Thousand Demons: A Hunter's Saga. === Okurekurwa n'okushohoza ebitabo. === Omu Okwaikumi 1969, emyezi mikye erikuburayo orutaro rw'omunda rukahwa, okusaasira kukarangirirwa, Soyinka hamwe n'abandi basibe b'eby'obutegyeki barekurwa.<ref>PEN America (16 April 2012). "[https://pen.org/case-histories-wole-soyinka/ Case Histories: Wole Soyinka]". ''PEN America''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omu myezi mikye y'okubanza bwanyima y'okurekurwa kwe, Soyinka akaguma aha faamu ya munywani we omu mashuuma ga Bufaransa, ahu yaasherwire kuhuumuraho wenka. Akahandiika The Bacchae of Euripides (1969), ekihandiiko kihindwiremu kushushana enfumu ya Pentheus.<ref name=":3">Killam and Rowe (eds), ''The Companion to African Literature'' (2000), p. 276.</ref> Kandi akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebyevugo omuri London, kikwetwa Poems from Prison. Aha muheru gw'omwaka, akagaruka omu ofiisi ye nk'orikukurira eby'emizaano omuri Ibadan.<ref name=":5">"[https://dailytrust.com/things-to-know-about-prof-wole-soyinka-at-89/ Things To Know About Prof Wole Soyinka At 89]". ''[[:en:Daily_Trust|Daily Trust]]''. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omu 1970, akashohoza omuzaano Kongi's Harvest, kandi omu bwire bumwe akaguhindura nk'omuzaano gwa firimu gw'eiziina niryo rimwe, Kongi's Harvest. Omu Kwamukaaga 1970, akamara omuzaano ogundi, ogurikwetwa Madmen and Specialists.<ref>Ajeluorou, Anote (25 July 2015). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/periscoping-a-senseless-war-in-madmen-and-specialists/ Periscoping A Senseless War In Madmen And Specialists]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</ref> Arikukoragana n'ekibiina ky'abazaani 15 ba Ibadan University Theatre Art Company, akagyenda United States, kureeba Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center omuri Waterford, Connecticut, ahu omuzaano gwe oguyabaire ahererukurieyo kuhandiika gwayorekirwe omurundi gwokubanza.[citation needed] Omu 1971, ekitabo kye ky'ebyevugo ekya A Shuttle in the Crypt kikashohozibwa. Madmen and Specialists kikashohozibwa omuri Ibadan omwaka ogwo.<ref>Lee, Christopher J. (25 March 2020). "[http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/reading-wole-soyinka-s-madmen-and-specialists-time-pandemic Reading Wole Soyinka's 'Madmen and Specialists' in a Time of Pandemic]". ''Warscapes''.</ref> Omu Kwakana 1971, ahabw'okwerarikirira aha mbeera y'eby'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria, Soyinka akarekura emirimo ye aha Yunivasite omuri Ibadan, kandi yaatandika emyaka mingi ayetwaire omubuzaahe. kuza omu buzaahe.<ref name=":6">Adegbamigbe, Ademola (13 July 2019). "[https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/07/13/soyinka-at-85-why-i-detained-him-for-2-years-during-civil-war-yakubu-gowon/ Soyinka at 85: 'Why I Detained Him for 2 Years During the Civil War' - Yakubu Gowon]". ''The NEWS''. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</ref> Soyinka akagyenda omuri Paris, Bufaransa, kutwara omurimo gw'okuzaana nka Patrice Lumumba, mukuru w'eihanga w'okubanza rya Repubulika ya Kongo owaisirwe, omu muzaano ogwashohozibwe Joan Littlewood omu kwakataano 1971 ogurikwetwa Murderous Angels, omuzaano gwa Conor Cruise O'Brien ogwabaire nigukwata aha buremeezi bwa Kongo.<ref name=":4">Gibbs, James. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/soyinka-wole-13-july-1934 Soyinka, Wole 1934–]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 September 2021. (Updated by [[:en:Tanure_Ojaide|Tanure Ojaide]].)</ref><ref>[[:en:Biodun_Jeyifo|Jeyifo, Biodun]] (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nwhlgrVqvYkC&q=%22Murderous+Angels%22%3D&pg=PR27 Chronology]". ''Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, and Postcolonialism''. Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;xxvii. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139439084|9781139439084]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri Paris, ebicweka kuruga omu muzaano gwa Soyinka ogurikumanywa munonga The Dance of The Forests bikazaanwa.<ref>Adenekan, Sulaiman (2016). "[https://www.tradenewswire.net/the-pride-of-africa-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-clocks-85-years-serving-humanity-poetically/ The Pride of Africa: Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka clocks 85 years serving humanity poeticall]y". ''Trade Newswire''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Omu 1972, ekitabo kye Season of Anomy hamwe na Collected Plays byona bikashohozibwa Oxford University Press. Ekihandiiko kye ky'ebirikumukwataho ekya The Man Died, ekirikurundaana ebi yaahandiikire omu kihome, nakyo kikashohozibwa omwaka ogwo.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/biographical/ Wole Soyinka | Biographical]", The Nobel Prize, 1986.</ref> Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Honoris Causa doctorate kuruga omu Yunivasite ya Leeds omuri 1973.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/honorary-degree/ Honorary Degree]", Leeds ''African Studies Bulletin'' 19 (November 1973), pp. 1–2. [Professor Soyinka receiving the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from the Chancellor, HRH the Duchess of Kent, on Thursday 17 May 1973 – image from 'Nobel Prize for Leeds Graduate', ''The Reporter'' (the University of Leeds), 258, 24 October 1986.]</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, National Theatre, London, ekashaba kandi yaatongoza omuzaano The Bacchae of Euripides,<ref name=":3" /> kandi emizaano ye Camwood on the Leaves na Jero's Metamorphosis nayo ekaba eri ey'okubanza kushohozibwa. Akamara omwaka gumwe nk'omugyenyi aha Churchill College, Cambridge<ref>Gumbel, Andrew (3 November 2005). "[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/03/theatre3 Wole Soyinka on how he came to write Death and the King's Horseman]". ''The Guardian''.</ref> (1973–74)<ref name=":4" /> kandi yaahandiika Death and the King's Horseman, ekyashomirwe omurundi gw'okubanza aha Churchill College.<ref name=":5" /> Omu 1974, Oxford University Press ekashohoza Soyinka's Collected Plays, Volume II. Akateeraho hamwe ekitabo kya 1975 Poems of Black Africa, ekyashohoziibwe nka kimwe ahakicweka kya Heinemann African Writers Series.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JtqywAEACAAJ Poems of Black Africa]'', Heinemann African Writers Series, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]. <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780435901714|9780435901714]]</bdi>.</ref> Kandi omuri 1975, Soyinka akakuzibwa yaaza aha ntebe y'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka Transition Magazine, akaabaire nikashangwa omu kibuga ekikuru ekya Ghana ekya Accra, ahu yaafurukiire.<ref name=":6" /> Akakoresa ebihandiiko bye omu magaziini kujumirira abo abarikusaasibwa munonga abairaguju (nk'eky'okureeberaho, ekicweka kye "Neo-Tarzanism: Eby'obutegyeki obwa Pseudo-Transition) hamwe n'obutegyeki bw'amahe. Akeesharinga ahabw'obutegyeki bw'amahe obwa Idi Amin omu Uganda. Bwanyima y'empindahinduka omu by'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria hamwe n'okuhenda gavumenti y'amahe eya Gowon omuri 1975, Soyinka akagaruka omu ihanga rye kandi yaagaruka omu mwanya gwe nka mukuru w'okugyeragyeranisa ebyahandiikirwe. omu Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref name=":6" /> === Okushomesa === Kuruga 1975 kuhisya 1999, Soyinka akaheereza nka Purofeesa w'ebitabo ebirikugyeragyeranisibwa aha Obafemi Awolowo University.<ref>Odinaka (31 July 2018). "[https://www.tori.ng/news/102835/the-house-prof-soyinka-lived-in-during-oau-days-tu.html The House Prof. Soyinka Lived In During OAU Days, Turned Into A Campus Museum (Photos)]". ''Tori.ng''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Amerika, akeegyesa aha Cornell University nk'omuhangu wa Goldwin Smith omu kwega aha Afirika hamwe n'eby'emizaano kuruga 1988 kuhisya 1991. Aha Yunivasite ya Emory, akatooranwa nka Robert W. Woodruff Purofeesa w'eby'emikono omuri 1996 kandi atwire ari Purofeesa w'okuhandiika omu Yunivasite ya Nevada, Las Vegas. Soyinka akaheereza scholar-in-residence omu Institute of African American Affairs eya New York University hamwe na Loyola Marymount University omuri Los Angeles, California. Akegyesa n'aha Yunivasite za Cambridge, Oxford, Harvard na Yale. Akaba ari omwegi w'amaani omu kutuura aha Yunivasite ya Duke omuri 2008.<ref>"[https://alumni.duke.edu/magazine/articles/soyinka-stage Soyinka on Stage | Nobel laureate works with student production of his play]". ''Duke Magazine''. No.&#x20;January–February 2011. 31 January 2011. Retrieved 18 April 2021.</ref> Omu Kwaikumi na kubiri 2017, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Europe Theatre Prize omu kicweka kya "Special Prize" category,<ref>Ajibade, Kunle (12 December 2017). "[https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2017/12/12/wole-soyinka-wins-europe-theatre-prize/ Wole Soyinka Wins The Europe Theatre Prize]". ''[[:en:P.M._News|P.M. News]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref><ref>"[https://www.concisenews.global/news/soyinka-wins-2017-the-europe-theatre-prize/ Soyinka Wins 2017 Europe Theatre Prize]". ''Concise News''. 15 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> ekyahairwe omuntu owaabaire "aine ekyayongyeireho omu kuhikiiriza emikoro y'eby'obuhangwa erikureetaho okwetegyereza n'okubagana amagyezi ahagati y'abantu".<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20171225034855/http://www.jamesmurua.com/wole-soyinka-to-receive-europe-theatre-prize-2017/ Wole Soyinka to receive Europe Theatre Prize 2017]". ''James Murua's Literature Blog''. 14 December 2017. Archived from the original on 25 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> Ebiro 1 September 2022, Soyinka akatwara entebe y'okuba Purofeesa w'eby'emizaano aha New York University Abu Dhabi.<ref>"[https://www.wam.ae/en/article/hszrfcet-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-joins-nyu-abu-dhabi Nobel laureate Wole Soyinka joins NYU Abu Dhabi faculty]". Emirates News Agency-WAM. 23 August 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref><ref>"[https://nyuad.nyu.edu/en/academics/divisions/arts-and-humanities/faculty/wole-soyinka.html Wole Soyinka | Arts Professor of Theater]". ''nyuad.nyu.edu''. New York University Abu Dhabi. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref> Omu 1976, akashohoza ekitabo kye ky'ebitebyo Ogun Abibiman, hamwe n'ekitabo ky'ebihandiiko ekiine omutwe Myth, Literature and the African World.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/facts/ The Nobel Prize in Literature 1986]". ''NobelPrize.org''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omuri ebi, Soyinka naashwijuma oburugo bw'oburagwa omu katemba ka Afirika kandi, arikukoresa eby'okureeberaho kuruga omuri Buraaya na Afirika, naagyeragyeranisa kandi akashoboorora eby'obuhangwa. Akaha orubazo rw'omutaano aha itendekyero ry'okushwijuma Afirika aha Yunivasite ya Ghana omuri Legon. Omu Okwaikumi 1976, envunuura ya Bufaransa eya The Dance of The Forests<ref>"[https://abjournals.org/ajchrt/papers/volume-8/issue-1/ghost-dirge-and-the-forest-dance-in-soyinkas-metathysical-play-a-dance-of-the-forests/ Ghost, Dirge and the Forest Dance in Soyinka's Metaphysical Play "A Dance of the Forests]". ''African Journal of Culture, History, Religion and Traditions (AJCHRT)''. 24 November 2024. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> ekazaanwa omuri Dakar. Omu 1977, Opera Wọnyọsi, okuhindura kwe okw'omuzzano gwa Bertolt Brecht, T''he Threepenny Opera'', gukazaanira omuri Ibadan. Omu 1979, Soyinka akebembera kandi yazaana omu muzaano gwa Jon Blair na Norman Fenton ogurikwetwa The Biko Inquest, omzaano ogurikwegamira aha magara ga Steve Biko, omwegi wa South Africa kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe bw'abantu owaateirwe akafa ahabwa pooriisi y'omuri South Africa eyabaire neekuratira engyenderwaho y'okushoroora omu bantu.<ref name=":4" /> Omu 1981 Soyinka akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebirikumukwataho Aké: The Years of Childhood, ekyasingire ekirabo kya 1983 Anisfield-Wolf Book Award.<ref>"[https://www.anisfield-wolf.org/winners/ake-the-years-of-childhood/ Winners: 1983 Nonfiction – Ake]". ''Anisfield-Wolf Book Awards''. Retrieved 9 April 2021.</ref> Soyinka akagumizamu yaatandikaho ekibiina ekindi eky'emizaano, ekya Guerrilla Unit, ekyasherwire kwejumba butunu n'abantu b'omubyaro. Ekigyendererwa kyayo kikaba kiri okubahwera kuteekateeka aha buremeezi bwabo n'okuha eiraka okwetomboitwa kwabo kurabira omu kukora emizaano migufu. Omu 1983, omuzaano gwe Requiem for a Futurologist gukaba guri omuzaano gwagwo gw'okubanza aha Yunivasite ya Ife. Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omwaka ogwo, emwe aha purogyekiti ze z'ebyeshongoro, ekitongore kya Unlimited Liability Company, kikashohoza akatambi k'okweshongora akarikwetwa I Love My Country, ahu abeeshongozi ba Nigeria abarikumanywa baazaaniire ebyeshongoro ebyahandiikirwe Soyinka. == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == 5ypm0m0ps4ogqvu7ymxj27go3cic1as 7256359 7256352 2026-07-20T09:44:00Z Rooth N 2608660 7256359 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wp/nyn]] '''Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola] 2021, p.&#x20;34.</ref>''', a'''kazaarwa 13 Okwamushanju 1934) n'omuhandiiki Omunigeria, w'emizaano, kandi omuhandiiki w'ebitabo. Akahandiika ebitabo bishatu, by'ebitabo by'emigane mikye eikumi, ebitabo mushanju by'ebyevugo, ebitabo by'emizaano abiri na bitaano, hamwe n'ebitabo bitaano by'ebirikumukwataho.<ref name=":2">Gibbs, James (1986). ''Wole Soyinka''. Basingstoke: [[:en:Macmillan_Publishers|Macmillan]]. p.&#x20;3. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780333305287|9780333305287]]</bdi>.</ref> Ahandiikire ebitabo bibiri ebivunwirwe hamwe n'ebicweka bingi hamwe n'ebitebyo bikye bikye by'okuhandiikisa empapura z'amakuru hamwe n'ebitabo by'obwire bukye. Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel eky'omwaka 1986 omu by'obuhangwa ahabw'okugira ngu akaba naashwijuma "ebintu bingi ebirikukwata aha buhangwa hamwe n'orurimi rw'okwevuga ahabirikukwata aha kubaho kw'abantu".<ref>Abdullahi, Idowu (11 October 2024). "[https://punchng.com/nobel-laureate-award-exposed-me-to-danger-wole-soyinka/ Nobel Laureate award exposed me to danger]". ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Akazaarwa omu ka y'Abakurisitaayo Abayoruba omuri Aké, Abeokuta.<ref>"[https://dawncommission.org/professor-wole-soyinka/ Professor Wole Soyinka – DAWN Commission]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref><ref name=":0">"[https://wolesoyinkalecture.org/about-wole-soyinka-2/ About Wole Soyinka]". ''Wole Soyinka Lecture Series''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Soyinka akatunga obwegyese obw'okumutebeekanisa aha Government College, Ibadan kandi yaagyenda aha University College Ibadan. Omu bwire bw'obwegyese bwe, akatandikaho ekibiina kya Pyrate Confraternity.<ref name=":0" /> Soyinka akaruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza kwega aha Yunivasite ya Leeds. Omu bwire obwo, niwe yaabaire ari omuhandiiki w'akatabo ka yunivasite, The Eagle, atakabaire muhandiiki ow'obutwire omu myaka ya 1950.<ref>"[https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/wole-soyinka/ Wole Soyinka – Narrative Landscape Press]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Bungyereza, akatandika kuhandiika ebitebyo bigufu n'okukora ebihandiiko aha BBC Lecture series. Akahandiika emizaano mingi eyazaanairwe aha reediyo hamwe n'omu myanya y'emizaano omuri Nigeria hamwe na Bungyereza, okukira munonga Royal Court Theatre.<ref>"[https://livingarchive.royalcourttheatre.com/black-plays-1960s/ Black Plays 1960s]". ''Royal Court - Living Archive''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Ebitabo bya Soyinka bingi hamwe n'emizaano ye, nibiteebwaho omuri Nigeria, ekirikworeka ebyafaayo by'eihanga eryo, eby'obuhangwa, hamwe n'oburemeezi bw'eby'obutegyeki. Oyihireho emirimo egi, akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi ebirikujumiirira emitwarize mibi y'abantu omungyeri erikushetsya. Ebihandiiko ebi bikajanjaara omu bantu baingi kandi byakundwa munonga. Atungire obusinguzi n'emizaano ye, otwariiremu The Swamp Dwellers (1958), The Lion and the Jewel (1959), na The Invention (1957), omuzaano gumwe ahayabandize, ogwakoriirwe aha Royal Court Theatre. Soyinka ahandiikire ebitabo bingi, otwariiremu The Interpreters (1965), Season of Anomy (1973), Death and the King's Horseman, Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth (2021), na Harmattan Haze on an African Spring (2012). Omu Kwamushanju 2024, Bola Tinubu akahindura eiziina ry'ekishengye ky'emizaano ekya National Arts Theatre ahanyima ya Soyinka aha mazaarwa ge ag'emyaka 90. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Soyinka akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju 1934 omuri Ake, Abeokuta, Nigeria omu ka y'Abakristaayo ey'obuzaare bw'Abayoruba. Akaba ari owa kabiri omu baana mushanju[a] ba Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, omuheereza w'Abakuristayo kandi mukuru w'eishomero kuruga omu ruganda rw'obugabe orwa Isara-Remo[<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1988 Gibbs 1988], pp.&#x20;526.</ref> hamwe na Grace Soyinka (née Jenkins-Harrison), omushubuuzi kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe kuruga omu ruganda rwa Ransome-Kuti.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFMaduakor1986 Maduakor 1986], pp.&#x20;227.</ref> Nyina Grace hamwe n'ab'eka ye, aba Ransome-Kutis, bakaba bari ab'eka y'amaani omuri Nigeria<ref>Staff writer (9 May 2014). "[https://businessday.ng/family-and-relationships/article/great-dynasties-the-ransome-kutis/ Great Dynasties:The Ransome-Kutis]". ''[[:en:BusinessDay_(Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> abarikugambwaho nk'ekigarukwamu kya Nigeria aha ka ya Kennedy omuri United States. Owaabatandikireho, omusesorodooti w'Abakuristaayo J. J. Ransome-Kuti, akaba ari omuntu w'okubanza omu ihanga rye omu by'okushohoza ebyeshongoro omu myaka ya 1920.<ref>Sansom, Ian. "[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/11/fela-kuti-great-dynasties-ian-sansom Great Dynasties: The Ransome-Kutis]". ''theguardian.com''. Retrieved 17 January 2026.</ref> Kuruga 1940 kuhistya 1946, Soyinka akaba naashoma aha St. Peters Primary School, ahu ishe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eishomero.<ref>"[https://guardian.ng/art/genius-of-the-unconventional-and-the-patterning-of-dualities-wole-soyinkas-early-childhood-part-3/ Genius of the unconventional and the patterning of dualities: Wole Soyinka's early childhood]". ''T[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|he Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akashomera siniya ye Abeokuta Grammar School kandi okushoma kwe okw'okweteekateekyera Yunivasite aha Government College, Ibadan kuruga 1946 kuhisya 1951.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/soyinka-wole-1934/ Wole Soyinka (1934- )]". ''[[:en:BlackPast.org|BlackPast.org]]''. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akaheebwa omwanya omu University College Ibadan, ahu yaashomire ebyahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza, Orugriika, hamwe n'ebyafaayo by'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kuruga 1952 kuhisya 1954.<ref name=":1">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola 2021], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Omu myaka ye y'ahamuheru omu yunivasite, akahandiika omuzaano mugufu aha reediyo, Keffi's Birthday Treat, ogwashohwire omu Kwamushanju 1954 kuruga omu kitongore kya Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1980 Gibbs 1980], p.&#x20;21.</ref> Hamwe n'abeegi bagyenzi be otwariiremu Olumuyiwa Awẹ, Ralph Opara, Aig-Imoukhuede, na Pius Olegbe, akatandikaho ekibiina ekirikwetwa National Association of Seadogs, ekibiina ky'okubanza omuri Nigeria.<ref name=":1" /> Soyinka akafuruka kuruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza omuri 1954 kugumizamu n'emishomo ye omu byahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza aha Yunivasite ya Leeds arikureebererwa G. Wilson Knight.<ref>''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFEncyclopedia_Britannica2024 Encyclopedia Britannica]'' 2024.</ref> Okusharamu kw'okushoma aheeru y'eihanga omu bwire obwo obu okushoma diguri ya kabiri kyabaire kitarikubaho omuri Ibadan kikaba kiri kurabira omuri Joyce M. Green, omukazi Omungyereza owaizire omu University College, Ibadan kuruga Cambridge omuri 1950, kandi owaabaire ari omwe aha beegyesa ba Soyinka kandi owaabaire amuhaire ekihandiiko kirungi eky'okumugambaho omuri Leeds.<ref>Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi (28 July 2019). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/soyinkas-early-romance-with-england-1954-1959-a-cold-chapter-for-an-anti-form-rebel-part-1/ Soyinka's early romance with England 1954-1959: A cold chapter for an anti-form rebel]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 8 January 2026.</ref> Aha yunivasite ya Leeds, akaheereza nk'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka yunivasite akarikushetsya, The Eagle, omuri ako yaahandiika ekicweka aha magara g'eby'okushoma. Omu Kwamunaana 1955, akatandika kukwata ebyeshongoro aha BBC Lecture kandi yaahandiika ebitebyo bigufu nyingi. Omuri 1957, akasingura empaka z'okugamba ezirikubaho buri mwaka ezirikuteebwaho Yunivasite.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFLindfors1974 Lindfors 1974], pp.&#x20;471–486.</ref> == Emirimo == === 1957–1967: Omurimo gwe gw'okubanza === Soyinka akaguma omuri Leeds bwanyima y'okutunga diguri ye eya BA honours omu Rungyereza omuri 1957.<ref name=":2" /> Omu 1957, akatandika kuhandiika emizaano ye ey'okubanza, ''Swamp Dwellers'' na ''The Lion and the Jewel''. Soyinka akaza London kandi yaakora nk'omushomi w'emizaano aha Royal Court Theatre. Akebembera ekibiina kya Nigerian Drama Group ekyakozire The Swamp Dwellers omuri 1958. Omu bwire obwo, emizaano ye ebiri ekazaanwa omuri Ibadan, Nigeria. Omuri 1957, omuzaano gwe, The Invention, gukashohozibwa aha Royal Court Theatre omuri London, kandi gukaba guri omurimo gwe gw'okubanza aha.<ref>"Wole Soyinka". ''African Biography''. Detroit, MI: Gale (published 2 December 2006). 1999. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-2823-9|978-0-7876-2823-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akahandiika ebyevugo, otwariiremu "''The Immigrant''" hamwe na "''My Next Door Neighbour''", ebyareebekire omuri Black Orpheus. Omuri 1959, Soyinka akagaruka Nigeria bwanyima y'okutunga obuhwezi bwa Rockefeller Research Fellowship ahabw'okucondooza kwe aha by'emizaano ya Afirika. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe omwaka nigwo gumwe, akaza omu mwanya gwa Janheinz Jahn nk'omwe ahabahandiiki babiri bakuru ba Black Orpheus.<ref>Jacobs, Alan. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/trials-brother-jero The Trials Of Brother Jero]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu 1960, akamara omuzaano gwe ogwa reediyo Camwood on the Leaves, kandi n'omuzaano gwe ''The Trials of Brother Jero'' gukatongozibwa omu Mellanby Hall residence of University College Ibadan omu Kwakana 1960. Akakora ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Mask omu myaka ya 1960. Omuzaano gwe ogwa A Dance of The Forest, gukatongozibwa nk'omuzaano gw'eizooba ry'okwetegyeka kwa Nigeria, kandi ebiro 1 Okwaikumi 1960, gukatongozibwa omuri Lagos.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[[:en:BlackPast.org|Wole Soyinka (1934- )". ''BlackPast.org'']]. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Omuzaano gwa Soyinka ogw'okubanza ogurikwetwa My Father's Burden, gukaba nigwebemberwa Olusegun Olusola kandi gukaba nigworekwa aha Western Nigeria Television ebiro 6 Okwamunaana 1960.<ref>Uzoatu, Uzor Maxim (5 October 2013). "[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/146108-essential-soyinka-timeline-uzor-maxim-uzoatu.html The Essential Soyinka Timeline]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref> Omu 1962, Soyinka akahandiika ebihandiiko birikurwanirira okushoma n'okuhandiika omuri Nigeria omu bwire obwo otwariiremu "Death of the King's Horsemen" hamwe na "Towards a True Theater", ebyashohoziibwe omu Transition Magazine.<ref>Amayi, Zakayo (22 June 2013). "[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/standard-entertainment/article/2000086475/soyinkas-grumpy-battles-to-defend-literary-legacy Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's grumpy battles to defend literary legacy]". Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa aha Obafemi Awolowo University omuri Ifẹ. Omu 1963, firimu ye y'okubanza, Culture in Transition, ekashohozibwa. Soyinka akarekura omurimo gwe aha Yunivasite omuri 1964, nk'okwesharinga ahabw'emitwarize y'okushagika gavumenti eyateirweho ab'obushoborozi. Akagira ngu ab'obushoborozi omu yunivasite bakakwatanisa eitendekyero n'obutegyeki bwa Samuel Ladoke Akintola obwabaire butarikukundwa. Omu bwire obwo, akakora The Lion and the Jewel<ref>"[https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/critical-responses-to-african-theatre-wole-soyinkas-the-lion-and-the-jewel-by-professor-martin-banham/ Critical Responses to African Theatre: Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel by Professor Martin Banham | Black Plays Archive]". ''www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> omu siizoni y'emizaano omu Rungyereza na Yoruba hamwe n'okutandikaho The Orisun Theatre Company, guruupu ya theatre. Omu 1965, akakora omuzaano gwa gurikujumirira emitwarize mibi omungyeru erikushestya, ''Before the Blackout''.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/african-theatre-soyinka/ Review of African Theatre Soyinka: Blackout, Blowout and Beyond | Centre for African Studies (LUCAS)]". ''lucas.leeds.ac.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuzano gwe, Kongi's Harvest, gukatandika omu Kwamunaana omuri Lagos. Ebiro 14 September 1965, omuzaano gwe The Road gukatandika kworekwa omuri London aha Commonwealth Arts Festival hamwe na Theatre Royal Stratford East. Soyinka akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa mukuru aha Yunivasite ya Lagos. Juba, ekitabo kye ekisya The Interpreters kikashohozibwa André Deutsch omuri London. Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akakomwa omurundi gw'okubanza, yaajunaanwa okukwata reediyo aha mbundu akahindura akatambi k'ebigambo by'enganzi y'ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba n'akatambi akarikujunaana okwiba akaruuru. Akarekurwa bwanyima y'ameezi agamwe g'okukomwa ahabw'okwesharinga kw'abantu b'ensi yoona abahandiiki. Akahandiika n'ekitabo The Detainee, omuzaano gwa reediyo ogwashohozibwe BBC omuri London.<ref>Ezugwu, Obinna (19 July 2021). "[https://hallmarknews.com/salute-to-kongi-at-87/ Salute To Kongi At 87]". ''hallmarknews.com''. Retrieved 13 August 2022.</ref> === 1966–1968: Orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria === Bwanyima y'okuba Mukuru w'ekibiina ky'emizaano aha Yunivasite ya Ibadan, Soyinka akatandika kwejumba omu by'obutegyeki. Bwanyima y'amahe okuhamba obutegyeki omu kwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1966, akabugana omu kihama Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, gavana w'amahe ow'amashuuma g'oburugwa izooba bwa Nigeria omu kugyezaho okuzibira orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria.<ref>"[https://howng.com/professor-wole-soyinka-full-biographylife-and-news/ Professor Wole Soyinka Full Biography, Life And News]". ''howng.com''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Akaza n'omuri Ẹnugu, ahu yabugaine mugyenzi we Omuyoruba, Victor Banjọ, orikukora na gavumenti ya Biafra. Soyinka, owaashabire obushagiki bw'abeebembezi b'amahe omu kicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, akahitsya obutumwa bwa Banjo ahari Lieutenant Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo, owaabaire atoorainwe nk'omuduumizi w'amahe g'omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba. Omumwebazyo gw'akana, Soyinka agarukire omu mahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, amahe ga Biafra gakatahirira ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Bwanyima y'okutwara oburengyerwa-izooba, Soyinka akabugana Obasanjo kumugambira ekigyendererwa ky'Ababiafra ahabwokuba Obasanjo akaba yaacwiremu kwegaita aha gavumenti ya Nigeria. Kwonka okutahirira kwa Biafra ahagati yóburegyerwa eizooba kikarugamu okuhoorera okwakozirwe amahe ga gavumenti eya federo, kandi orutaro rw'omunda rukatandika. Obasanjo akashoboorora gavumenti ya Nigeria orukiiko rwe na Soyinka, yarangirira Soyinka nk'omuheekyera, n'ahabw'ekyo akakwatwa ab'obushoborozi bwa federo kandi yaakomwa kumara emyezi 22.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/07/27/wole.soyinka/index.html Wole Soyinka: Nigeria's Nobel Laureate]". ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. 1 August 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2026.</ref> Akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi n'byevugo arikujuumirira gavumenti ya Nigeria obu yaabaire ari omu kihome.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (2006), ''You Must Set Forth at Dawn'', p. 6.</ref> Omu kutandika kwa 1967, ebihandiiko bye Kongi’s Harvest na Idanre and Other Poems bikashohozibwa.<ref>"[https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/engp06/chapter/wole-soyinka-kongis-harvest/ Wole Soyinka, Kongi's Harvest – African & Caribbean Writing in English]". ''ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Ari na Tom Stoppard, akatunga ekirabo kya John Whiting omuri London. Akatooranwa kuba mukuru w'eishomero rya Drama, Yunivasite ya Ibadan kwonka akaremwa kutwara entebe egyo ahabw'okubohwa omu kwezi kwa munaana. N'obu araabe yaabaire ari omu kihome, omuzaano gwe ogurikwetwa The Lion and The Jewel gukagumizamu gwashohozibwa omuri Accra, Ghana omu Kwamwenda 1967. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Strong Breed bikashohozibwa aba Off-Broadway omu Greenwich Mews Theatre omuri New York City. Omuri 1968, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Jock Campbell-New Statesman Award. Ekibiina kya Negro Ensemble Company kikashohoza Kongi's Harvest aha St. Mark's Theatre, New York.<ref>"[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,838330,00.html Theater: Kongi's Harvest]". ''Time''. 26 April 1968. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X 0040-781X]. Retrieved 7 May 2022.</ref> Akavunuura D. O. Fagunwa's Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irunmale kuruga omu rurimi rwa Yoruba kuza omu Rungyereza. Kikashohozibwa nka The Forest of a Thousand Demons: A Hunter's Saga. === Okurekurwa n'okushohoza ebitabo. === Omu Okwaikumi 1969, emyezi mikye erikuburayo orutaro rw'omunda rukahwa, okusaasira kukarangirirwa, Soyinka hamwe n'abandi basibe b'eby'obutegyeki barekurwa.<ref>PEN America (16 April 2012). "[https://pen.org/case-histories-wole-soyinka/ Case Histories: Wole Soyinka]". ''PEN America''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omu myezi mikye y'okubanza bwanyima y'okurekurwa kwe, Soyinka akaguma aha faamu ya munywani we omu mashuuma ga Bufaransa, ahu yaasherwire kuhuumuraho wenka. Akahandiika The Bacchae of Euripides (1969), ekihandiiko kihindwiremu kushushana enfumu ya Pentheus.<ref name=":3">Killam and Rowe (eds), ''The Companion to African Literature'' (2000), p. 276.</ref> Kandi akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebyevugo omuri London, kikwetwa Poems from Prison. Aha muheru gw'omwaka, akagaruka omu ofiisi ye nk'orikukurira eby'emizaano omuri Ibadan.<ref name=":5">"[https://dailytrust.com/things-to-know-about-prof-wole-soyinka-at-89/ Things To Know About Prof Wole Soyinka At 89]". ''[[:en:Daily_Trust|Daily Trust]]''. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omu 1970, akashohoza omuzaano Kongi's Harvest, kandi omu bwire bumwe akaguhindura nk'omuzaano gwa firimu gw'eiziina niryo rimwe, Kongi's Harvest. Omu Kwamukaaga 1970, akamara omuzaano ogundi, ogurikwetwa Madmen and Specialists.<ref>Ajeluorou, Anote (25 July 2015). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/periscoping-a-senseless-war-in-madmen-and-specialists/ Periscoping A Senseless War In Madmen And Specialists]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</ref> Arikukoragana n'ekibiina ky'abazaani 15 ba Ibadan University Theatre Art Company, akagyenda United States, kureeba Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center omuri Waterford, Connecticut, ahu omuzaano gwe oguyabaire ahererukurieyo kuhandiika gwayorekirwe omurundi gwokubanza.[citation needed] Omu 1971, ekitabo kye ky'ebyevugo ekya A Shuttle in the Crypt kikashohozibwa. Madmen and Specialists kikashohozibwa omuri Ibadan omwaka ogwo.<ref>Lee, Christopher J. (25 March 2020). "[http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/reading-wole-soyinka-s-madmen-and-specialists-time-pandemic Reading Wole Soyinka's 'Madmen and Specialists' in a Time of Pandemic]". ''Warscapes''.</ref> Omu Kwakana 1971, ahabw'okwerarikirira aha mbeera y'eby'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria, Soyinka akarekura emirimo ye aha Yunivasite omuri Ibadan, kandi yaatandika emyaka mingi ayetwaire omubuzaahe. kuza omu buzaahe.<ref name=":6">Adegbamigbe, Ademola (13 July 2019). "[https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/07/13/soyinka-at-85-why-i-detained-him-for-2-years-during-civil-war-yakubu-gowon/ Soyinka at 85: 'Why I Detained Him for 2 Years During the Civil War' - Yakubu Gowon]". ''The NEWS''. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</ref> Soyinka akagyenda omuri Paris, Bufaransa, kutwara omurimo gw'okuzaana nka Patrice Lumumba, mukuru w'eihanga w'okubanza rya Repubulika ya Kongo owaisirwe, omu muzaano ogwashohozibwe Joan Littlewood omu kwakataano 1971 ogurikwetwa Murderous Angels, omuzaano gwa Conor Cruise O'Brien ogwabaire nigukwata aha buremeezi bwa Kongo.<ref name=":4">Gibbs, James. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/soyinka-wole-13-july-1934 Soyinka, Wole 1934–]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 September 2021. (Updated by [[:en:Tanure_Ojaide|Tanure Ojaide]].)</ref><ref>[[:en:Biodun_Jeyifo|Jeyifo, Biodun]] (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nwhlgrVqvYkC&q=%22Murderous+Angels%22%3D&pg=PR27 Chronology]". ''Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, and Postcolonialism''. Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;xxvii. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139439084|9781139439084]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri Paris, ebicweka kuruga omu muzaano gwa Soyinka ogurikumanywa munonga The Dance of The Forests bikazaanwa.<ref>Adenekan, Sulaiman (2016). "[https://www.tradenewswire.net/the-pride-of-africa-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-clocks-85-years-serving-humanity-poetically/ The Pride of Africa: Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka clocks 85 years serving humanity poeticall]y". ''Trade Newswire''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Omu 1972, ekitabo kye Season of Anomy hamwe na Collected Plays byona bikashohozibwa Oxford University Press. Ekihandiiko kye ky'ebirikumukwataho ekya The Man Died, ekirikurundaana ebi yaahandiikire omu kihome, nakyo kikashohozibwa omwaka ogwo.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/biographical/ Wole Soyinka | Biographical]", The Nobel Prize, 1986.</ref> Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Honoris Causa doctorate kuruga omu Yunivasite ya Leeds omuri 1973.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/honorary-degree/ Honorary Degree]", Leeds ''African Studies Bulletin'' 19 (November 1973), pp. 1–2. [Professor Soyinka receiving the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from the Chancellor, HRH the Duchess of Kent, on Thursday 17 May 1973 – image from 'Nobel Prize for Leeds Graduate', ''The Reporter'' (the University of Leeds), 258, 24 October 1986.]</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, National Theatre, London, ekashaba kandi yaatongoza omuzaano The Bacchae of Euripides,<ref name=":3" /> kandi emizaano ye Camwood on the Leaves na Jero's Metamorphosis nayo ekaba eri ey'okubanza kushohozibwa. Akamara omwaka gumwe nk'omugyenyi aha Churchill College, Cambridge<ref>Gumbel, Andrew (3 November 2005). "[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/03/theatre3 Wole Soyinka on how he came to write Death and the King's Horseman]". ''The Guardian''.</ref> (1973–74)<ref name=":4" /> kandi yaahandiika Death and the King's Horseman, ekyashomirwe omurundi gw'okubanza aha Churchill College.<ref name=":5" /> Omu 1974, Oxford University Press ekashohoza Soyinka's Collected Plays, Volume II. Akateeraho hamwe ekitabo kya 1975 Poems of Black Africa, ekyashohoziibwe nka kimwe ahakicweka kya Heinemann African Writers Series.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JtqywAEACAAJ Poems of Black Africa]'', Heinemann African Writers Series, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]. <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780435901714|9780435901714]]</bdi>.</ref> Kandi omuri 1975, Soyinka akakuzibwa yaaza aha ntebe y'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka Transition Magazine, akaabaire nikashangwa omu kibuga ekikuru ekya Ghana ekya Accra, ahu yaafurukiire.<ref name=":6" /> Akakoresa ebihandiiko bye omu magaziini kujumirira abo abarikusaasibwa munonga abairaguju (nk'eky'okureeberaho, ekicweka kye "Neo-Tarzanism: Eby'obutegyeki obwa Pseudo-Transition) hamwe n'obutegyeki bw'amahe. Akeesharinga ahabw'obutegyeki bw'amahe obwa Idi Amin omu Uganda. Bwanyima y'empindahinduka omu by'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria hamwe n'okuhenda gavumenti y'amahe eya Gowon omuri 1975, Soyinka akagaruka omu ihanga rye kandi yaagaruka omu mwanya gwe nka mukuru w'okugyeragyeranisa ebyahandiikirwe. omu Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref name=":6" /> === Okushomesa === Kuruga 1975 kuhisya 1999, Soyinka akaheereza nka Purofeesa w'ebitabo ebirikugyeragyeranisibwa aha Obafemi Awolowo University.<ref>Odinaka (31 July 2018). "[https://www.tori.ng/news/102835/the-house-prof-soyinka-lived-in-during-oau-days-tu.html The House Prof. Soyinka Lived In During OAU Days, Turned Into A Campus Museum (Photos)]". ''Tori.ng''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Amerika, akeegyesa aha Cornell University nk'omuhangu wa Goldwin Smith omu kwega aha Afirika hamwe n'eby'emizaano kuruga 1988 kuhisya 1991. Aha Yunivasite ya Emory, akatooranwa nka Robert W. Woodruff Purofeesa w'eby'emikono omuri 1996 kandi atwire ari Purofeesa w'okuhandiika omu Yunivasite ya Nevada, Las Vegas. Soyinka akaheereza scholar-in-residence omu Institute of African American Affairs eya New York University hamwe na Loyola Marymount University omuri Los Angeles, California. Akegyesa n'aha Yunivasite za Cambridge, Oxford, Harvard na Yale. Akaba ari omwegi w'amaani omu kutuura aha Yunivasite ya Duke omuri 2008.<ref>"[https://alumni.duke.edu/magazine/articles/soyinka-stage Soyinka on Stage | Nobel laureate works with student production of his play]". ''Duke Magazine''. No.&#x20;January–February 2011. 31 January 2011. Retrieved 18 April 2021.</ref> Omu Kwaikumi na kubiri 2017, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Europe Theatre Prize omu kicweka kya "Special Prize" category,<ref>Ajibade, Kunle (12 December 2017). "[https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2017/12/12/wole-soyinka-wins-europe-theatre-prize/ Wole Soyinka Wins The Europe Theatre Prize]". ''[[:en:P.M._News|P.M. News]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref><ref>"[https://www.concisenews.global/news/soyinka-wins-2017-the-europe-theatre-prize/ Soyinka Wins 2017 Europe Theatre Prize]". ''Concise News''. 15 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> ekyahairwe omuntu owaabaire "aine ekyayongyeireho omu kuhikiiriza emikoro y'eby'obuhangwa erikureetaho okwetegyereza n'okubagana amagyezi ahagati y'abantu".<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20171225034855/http://www.jamesmurua.com/wole-soyinka-to-receive-europe-theatre-prize-2017/ Wole Soyinka to receive Europe Theatre Prize 2017]". ''James Murua's Literature Blog''. 14 December 2017. Archived from the original on 25 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> Ebiro 1 September 2022, Soyinka akatwara entebe y'okuba Purofeesa w'eby'emizaano aha New York University Abu Dhabi.<ref>"[https://www.wam.ae/en/article/hszrfcet-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-joins-nyu-abu-dhabi Nobel laureate Wole Soyinka joins NYU Abu Dhabi faculty]". Emirates News Agency-WAM. 23 August 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref><ref>"[https://nyuad.nyu.edu/en/academics/divisions/arts-and-humanities/faculty/wole-soyinka.html Wole Soyinka | Arts Professor of Theater]". ''nyuad.nyu.edu''. New York University Abu Dhabi. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref> Omu 1976, akashohoza ekitabo kye ky'ebitebyo Ogun Abibiman, hamwe n'ekitabo ky'ebihandiiko ekiine omutwe Myth, Literature and the African World.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/facts/ The Nobel Prize in Literature 1986]". ''NobelPrize.org''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omuri ebi, Soyinka naashwijuma oburugo bw'oburagwa omu katemba ka Afirika kandi, arikukoresa eby'okureeberaho kuruga omuri Buraaya na Afirika, naagyeragyeranisa kandi akashoboorora eby'obuhangwa. Akaha orubazo rw'omutaano aha itendekyero ry'okushwijuma Afirika aha Yunivasite ya Ghana omuri Legon. Omu Okwaikumi 1976, envunuura ya Bufaransa eya The Dance of The Forests<ref>"[https://abjournals.org/ajchrt/papers/volume-8/issue-1/ghost-dirge-and-the-forest-dance-in-soyinkas-metathysical-play-a-dance-of-the-forests/ Ghost, Dirge and the Forest Dance in Soyinka's Metaphysical Play "A Dance of the Forests]". ''African Journal of Culture, History, Religion and Traditions (AJCHRT)''. 24 November 2024. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> ekazaanwa omuri Dakar. Omu 1977, Opera Wọnyọsi, okuhindura kwe okw'omuzzano gwa Bertolt Brecht, T''he Threepenny Opera'', gukazaanira omuri Ibadan. Omu 1979, Soyinka akebembera kandi yazaana omu muzaano gwa Jon Blair na Norman Fenton ogurikwetwa The Biko Inquest, omzaano ogurikwegamira aha magara ga Steve Biko, omwegi wa South Africa kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe bw'abantu owaateirwe akafa ahabwa pooriisi y'omuri South Africa eyabaire neekuratira engyenderwaho y'okushoroora omu bantu.<ref name=":4" /> Omu 1981 Soyinka akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebirikumukwataho Aké: The Years of Childhood, ekyasingire ekirabo kya 1983 Anisfield-Wolf Book Award.<ref>"[https://www.anisfield-wolf.org/winners/ake-the-years-of-childhood/ Winners: 1983 Nonfiction – Ake]". ''Anisfield-Wolf Book Awards''. Retrieved 9 April 2021.</ref> Soyinka akagumizamu yaatandikaho ekibiina ekindi eky'emizaano, ekya Guerrilla Unit, ekyasherwire kwejumba butunu n'abantu b'omubyaro. Ekigyendererwa kyayo kikaba kiri okubahwera kuteekateeka aha buremeezi bwabo n'okuha eiraka okwetomboitwa kwabo kurabira omu kukora emizaano migufu. Omu 1983, omuzaano gwe Requiem for a Futurologist gukaba guri omuzaano gwagwo gw'okubanza aha Yunivasite ya Ife. Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omwaka ogwo, emwe aha purogyekiti ze z'ebyeshongoro, ekitongore kya Unlimited Liability Company, kikashohoza akatambi k'okweshongora akarikwetwa I Love My Country, ahu abeeshongozi ba Nigeria abarikumanywa baazaaniire ebyeshongoro ebyahandiikirwe Soyinka. Omu 1984, akakora firimu Blues for a Prodigal, eyayorekirwe aha Yunivasite ya Ife.[56] A Play of Giants ekorekwa omwaka nigwo gumwe.[57] == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == cyk8kllokcqaf30yytp2dtc9lhw5nil 7256367 7256359 2026-07-20T09:47:05Z Rooth N 2608660 7256367 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wp/nyn]] '''Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola] 2021, p.&#x20;34.</ref>''', a'''kazaarwa 13 Okwamushanju 1934) n'omuhandiiki Omunigeria, w'emizaano, kandi omuhandiiki w'ebitabo. Akahandiika ebitabo bishatu, by'ebitabo by'emigane mikye eikumi, ebitabo mushanju by'ebyevugo, ebitabo by'emizaano abiri na bitaano, hamwe n'ebitabo bitaano by'ebirikumukwataho.<ref name=":2">Gibbs, James (1986). ''Wole Soyinka''. Basingstoke: [[:en:Macmillan_Publishers|Macmillan]]. p.&#x20;3. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780333305287|9780333305287]]</bdi>.</ref> Ahandiikire ebitabo bibiri ebivunwirwe hamwe n'ebicweka bingi hamwe n'ebitebyo bikye bikye by'okuhandiikisa empapura z'amakuru hamwe n'ebitabo by'obwire bukye. Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel eky'omwaka 1986 omu by'obuhangwa ahabw'okugira ngu akaba naashwijuma "ebintu bingi ebirikukwata aha buhangwa hamwe n'orurimi rw'okwevuga ahabirikukwata aha kubaho kw'abantu".<ref>Abdullahi, Idowu (11 October 2024). "[https://punchng.com/nobel-laureate-award-exposed-me-to-danger-wole-soyinka/ Nobel Laureate award exposed me to danger]". ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Akazaarwa omu ka y'Abakurisitaayo Abayoruba omuri Aké, Abeokuta.<ref>"[https://dawncommission.org/professor-wole-soyinka/ Professor Wole Soyinka – DAWN Commission]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref><ref name=":0">"[https://wolesoyinkalecture.org/about-wole-soyinka-2/ About Wole Soyinka]". ''Wole Soyinka Lecture Series''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Soyinka akatunga obwegyese obw'okumutebeekanisa aha Government College, Ibadan kandi yaagyenda aha University College Ibadan. Omu bwire bw'obwegyese bwe, akatandikaho ekibiina kya Pyrate Confraternity.<ref name=":0" /> Soyinka akaruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza kwega aha Yunivasite ya Leeds. Omu bwire obwo, niwe yaabaire ari omuhandiiki w'akatabo ka yunivasite, The Eagle, atakabaire muhandiiki ow'obutwire omu myaka ya 1950.<ref>"[https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/wole-soyinka/ Wole Soyinka – Narrative Landscape Press]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Bungyereza, akatandika kuhandiika ebitebyo bigufu n'okukora ebihandiiko aha BBC Lecture series. Akahandiika emizaano mingi eyazaanairwe aha reediyo hamwe n'omu myanya y'emizaano omuri Nigeria hamwe na Bungyereza, okukira munonga Royal Court Theatre.<ref>"[https://livingarchive.royalcourttheatre.com/black-plays-1960s/ Black Plays 1960s]". ''Royal Court - Living Archive''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Ebitabo bya Soyinka bingi hamwe n'emizaano ye, nibiteebwaho omuri Nigeria, ekirikworeka ebyafaayo by'eihanga eryo, eby'obuhangwa, hamwe n'oburemeezi bw'eby'obutegyeki. Oyihireho emirimo egi, akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi ebirikujumiirira emitwarize mibi y'abantu omungyeri erikushetsya. Ebihandiiko ebi bikajanjaara omu bantu baingi kandi byakundwa munonga. Atungire obusinguzi n'emizaano ye, otwariiremu The Swamp Dwellers (1958), The Lion and the Jewel (1959), na The Invention (1957), omuzaano gumwe ahayabandize, ogwakoriirwe aha Royal Court Theatre. Soyinka ahandiikire ebitabo bingi, otwariiremu The Interpreters (1965), Season of Anomy (1973), Death and the King's Horseman, Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth (2021), na Harmattan Haze on an African Spring (2012). Omu Kwamushanju 2024, Bola Tinubu akahindura eiziina ry'ekishengye ky'emizaano ekya National Arts Theatre ahanyima ya Soyinka aha mazaarwa ge ag'emyaka 90. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Soyinka akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju 1934 omuri Ake, Abeokuta, Nigeria omu ka y'Abakristaayo ey'obuzaare bw'Abayoruba. Akaba ari owa kabiri omu baana mushanju[a] ba Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, omuheereza w'Abakuristayo kandi mukuru w'eishomero kuruga omu ruganda rw'obugabe orwa Isara-Remo[<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1988 Gibbs 1988], pp.&#x20;526.</ref> hamwe na Grace Soyinka (née Jenkins-Harrison), omushubuuzi kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe kuruga omu ruganda rwa Ransome-Kuti.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFMaduakor1986 Maduakor 1986], pp.&#x20;227.</ref> Nyina Grace hamwe n'ab'eka ye, aba Ransome-Kutis, bakaba bari ab'eka y'amaani omuri Nigeria<ref>Staff writer (9 May 2014). "[https://businessday.ng/family-and-relationships/article/great-dynasties-the-ransome-kutis/ Great Dynasties:The Ransome-Kutis]". ''[[:en:BusinessDay_(Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> abarikugambwaho nk'ekigarukwamu kya Nigeria aha ka ya Kennedy omuri United States. Owaabatandikireho, omusesorodooti w'Abakuristaayo J. J. Ransome-Kuti, akaba ari omuntu w'okubanza omu ihanga rye omu by'okushohoza ebyeshongoro omu myaka ya 1920.<ref>Sansom, Ian. "[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/11/fela-kuti-great-dynasties-ian-sansom Great Dynasties: The Ransome-Kutis]". ''theguardian.com''. Retrieved 17 January 2026.</ref> Kuruga 1940 kuhistya 1946, Soyinka akaba naashoma aha St. Peters Primary School, ahu ishe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eishomero.<ref>"[https://guardian.ng/art/genius-of-the-unconventional-and-the-patterning-of-dualities-wole-soyinkas-early-childhood-part-3/ Genius of the unconventional and the patterning of dualities: Wole Soyinka's early childhood]". ''T[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|he Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akashomera siniya ye Abeokuta Grammar School kandi okushoma kwe okw'okweteekateekyera Yunivasite aha Government College, Ibadan kuruga 1946 kuhisya 1951.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/soyinka-wole-1934/ Wole Soyinka (1934- )]". ''[[:en:BlackPast.org|BlackPast.org]]''. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akaheebwa omwanya omu University College Ibadan, ahu yaashomire ebyahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza, Orugriika, hamwe n'ebyafaayo by'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kuruga 1952 kuhisya 1954.<ref name=":1">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola 2021], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Omu myaka ye y'ahamuheru omu yunivasite, akahandiika omuzaano mugufu aha reediyo, Keffi's Birthday Treat, ogwashohwire omu Kwamushanju 1954 kuruga omu kitongore kya Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1980 Gibbs 1980], p.&#x20;21.</ref> Hamwe n'abeegi bagyenzi be otwariiremu Olumuyiwa Awẹ, Ralph Opara, Aig-Imoukhuede, na Pius Olegbe, akatandikaho ekibiina ekirikwetwa National Association of Seadogs, ekibiina ky'okubanza omuri Nigeria.<ref name=":1" /> Soyinka akafuruka kuruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza omuri 1954 kugumizamu n'emishomo ye omu byahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza aha Yunivasite ya Leeds arikureebererwa G. Wilson Knight.<ref>''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFEncyclopedia_Britannica2024 Encyclopedia Britannica]'' 2024.</ref> Okusharamu kw'okushoma aheeru y'eihanga omu bwire obwo obu okushoma diguri ya kabiri kyabaire kitarikubaho omuri Ibadan kikaba kiri kurabira omuri Joyce M. Green, omukazi Omungyereza owaizire omu University College, Ibadan kuruga Cambridge omuri 1950, kandi owaabaire ari omwe aha beegyesa ba Soyinka kandi owaabaire amuhaire ekihandiiko kirungi eky'okumugambaho omuri Leeds.<ref>Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi (28 July 2019). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/soyinkas-early-romance-with-england-1954-1959-a-cold-chapter-for-an-anti-form-rebel-part-1/ Soyinka's early romance with England 1954-1959: A cold chapter for an anti-form rebel]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 8 January 2026.</ref> Aha yunivasite ya Leeds, akaheereza nk'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka yunivasite akarikushetsya, The Eagle, omuri ako yaahandiika ekicweka aha magara g'eby'okushoma. Omu Kwamunaana 1955, akatandika kukwata ebyeshongoro aha BBC Lecture kandi yaahandiika ebitebyo bigufu nyingi. Omuri 1957, akasingura empaka z'okugamba ezirikubaho buri mwaka ezirikuteebwaho Yunivasite.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFLindfors1974 Lindfors 1974], pp.&#x20;471–486.</ref> == Emirimo == === 1957–1967: Omurimo gwe gw'okubanza === Soyinka akaguma omuri Leeds bwanyima y'okutunga diguri ye eya BA honours omu Rungyereza omuri 1957.<ref name=":2" /> Omu 1957, akatandika kuhandiika emizaano ye ey'okubanza, ''Swamp Dwellers'' na ''The Lion and the Jewel''. Soyinka akaza London kandi yaakora nk'omushomi w'emizaano aha Royal Court Theatre. Akebembera ekibiina kya Nigerian Drama Group ekyakozire The Swamp Dwellers omuri 1958. Omu bwire obwo, emizaano ye ebiri ekazaanwa omuri Ibadan, Nigeria. Omuri 1957, omuzaano gwe, The Invention, gukashohozibwa aha Royal Court Theatre omuri London, kandi gukaba guri omurimo gwe gw'okubanza aha.<ref>"Wole Soyinka". ''African Biography''. Detroit, MI: Gale (published 2 December 2006). 1999. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-2823-9|978-0-7876-2823-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akahandiika ebyevugo, otwariiremu "''The Immigrant''" hamwe na "''My Next Door Neighbour''", ebyareebekire omuri Black Orpheus. Omuri 1959, Soyinka akagaruka Nigeria bwanyima y'okutunga obuhwezi bwa Rockefeller Research Fellowship ahabw'okucondooza kwe aha by'emizaano ya Afirika. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe omwaka nigwo gumwe, akaza omu mwanya gwa Janheinz Jahn nk'omwe ahabahandiiki babiri bakuru ba Black Orpheus.<ref>Jacobs, Alan. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/trials-brother-jero The Trials Of Brother Jero]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu 1960, akamara omuzaano gwe ogwa reediyo Camwood on the Leaves, kandi n'omuzaano gwe ''The Trials of Brother Jero'' gukatongozibwa omu Mellanby Hall residence of University College Ibadan omu Kwakana 1960. Akakora ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Mask omu myaka ya 1960. Omuzaano gwe ogwa A Dance of The Forest, gukatongozibwa nk'omuzaano gw'eizooba ry'okwetegyeka kwa Nigeria, kandi ebiro 1 Okwaikumi 1960, gukatongozibwa omuri Lagos.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[[:en:BlackPast.org|Wole Soyinka (1934- )". ''BlackPast.org'']]. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Omuzaano gwa Soyinka ogw'okubanza ogurikwetwa My Father's Burden, gukaba nigwebemberwa Olusegun Olusola kandi gukaba nigworekwa aha Western Nigeria Television ebiro 6 Okwamunaana 1960.<ref>Uzoatu, Uzor Maxim (5 October 2013). "[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/146108-essential-soyinka-timeline-uzor-maxim-uzoatu.html The Essential Soyinka Timeline]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref> Omu 1962, Soyinka akahandiika ebihandiiko birikurwanirira okushoma n'okuhandiika omuri Nigeria omu bwire obwo otwariiremu "Death of the King's Horsemen" hamwe na "Towards a True Theater", ebyashohoziibwe omu Transition Magazine.<ref>Amayi, Zakayo (22 June 2013). "[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/standard-entertainment/article/2000086475/soyinkas-grumpy-battles-to-defend-literary-legacy Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's grumpy battles to defend literary legacy]". Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa aha Obafemi Awolowo University omuri Ifẹ. Omu 1963, firimu ye y'okubanza, Culture in Transition, ekashohozibwa. Soyinka akarekura omurimo gwe aha Yunivasite omuri 1964, nk'okwesharinga ahabw'emitwarize y'okushagika gavumenti eyateirweho ab'obushoborozi. Akagira ngu ab'obushoborozi omu yunivasite bakakwatanisa eitendekyero n'obutegyeki bwa Samuel Ladoke Akintola obwabaire butarikukundwa. Omu bwire obwo, akakora The Lion and the Jewel<ref>"[https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/critical-responses-to-african-theatre-wole-soyinkas-the-lion-and-the-jewel-by-professor-martin-banham/ Critical Responses to African Theatre: Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel by Professor Martin Banham | Black Plays Archive]". ''www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> omu siizoni y'emizaano omu Rungyereza na Yoruba hamwe n'okutandikaho The Orisun Theatre Company, guruupu ya theatre. Omu 1965, akakora omuzaano gwa gurikujumirira emitwarize mibi omungyeru erikushestya, ''Before the Blackout''.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/african-theatre-soyinka/ Review of African Theatre Soyinka: Blackout, Blowout and Beyond | Centre for African Studies (LUCAS)]". ''lucas.leeds.ac.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuzano gwe, Kongi's Harvest, gukatandika omu Kwamunaana omuri Lagos. Ebiro 14 September 1965, omuzaano gwe The Road gukatandika kworekwa omuri London aha Commonwealth Arts Festival hamwe na Theatre Royal Stratford East. Soyinka akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa mukuru aha Yunivasite ya Lagos. Juba, ekitabo kye ekisya The Interpreters kikashohozibwa André Deutsch omuri London. Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akakomwa omurundi gw'okubanza, yaajunaanwa okukwata reediyo aha mbundu akahindura akatambi k'ebigambo by'enganzi y'ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba n'akatambi akarikujunaana okwiba akaruuru. Akarekurwa bwanyima y'ameezi agamwe g'okukomwa ahabw'okwesharinga kw'abantu b'ensi yoona abahandiiki. Akahandiika n'ekitabo The Detainee, omuzaano gwa reediyo ogwashohozibwe BBC omuri London.<ref>Ezugwu, Obinna (19 July 2021). "[https://hallmarknews.com/salute-to-kongi-at-87/ Salute To Kongi At 87]". ''hallmarknews.com''. Retrieved 13 August 2022.</ref> === 1966–1968: Orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria === Bwanyima y'okuba Mukuru w'ekibiina ky'emizaano aha Yunivasite ya Ibadan, Soyinka akatandika kwejumba omu by'obutegyeki. Bwanyima y'amahe okuhamba obutegyeki omu kwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1966, akabugana omu kihama Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, gavana w'amahe ow'amashuuma g'oburugwa izooba bwa Nigeria omu kugyezaho okuzibira orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria.<ref>"[https://howng.com/professor-wole-soyinka-full-biographylife-and-news/ Professor Wole Soyinka Full Biography, Life And News]". ''howng.com''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Akaza n'omuri Ẹnugu, ahu yabugaine mugyenzi we Omuyoruba, Victor Banjọ, orikukora na gavumenti ya Biafra. Soyinka, owaashabire obushagiki bw'abeebembezi b'amahe omu kicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, akahitsya obutumwa bwa Banjo ahari Lieutenant Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo, owaabaire atoorainwe nk'omuduumizi w'amahe g'omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba. Omumwebazyo gw'akana, Soyinka agarukire omu mahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, amahe ga Biafra gakatahirira ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Bwanyima y'okutwara oburengyerwa-izooba, Soyinka akabugana Obasanjo kumugambira ekigyendererwa ky'Ababiafra ahabwokuba Obasanjo akaba yaacwiremu kwegaita aha gavumenti ya Nigeria. Kwonka okutahirira kwa Biafra ahagati yóburegyerwa eizooba kikarugamu okuhoorera okwakozirwe amahe ga gavumenti eya federo, kandi orutaro rw'omunda rukatandika. Obasanjo akashoboorora gavumenti ya Nigeria orukiiko rwe na Soyinka, yarangirira Soyinka nk'omuheekyera, n'ahabw'ekyo akakwatwa ab'obushoborozi bwa federo kandi yaakomwa kumara emyezi 22.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/07/27/wole.soyinka/index.html Wole Soyinka: Nigeria's Nobel Laureate]". ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. 1 August 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2026.</ref> Akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi n'byevugo arikujuumirira gavumenti ya Nigeria obu yaabaire ari omu kihome.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (2006), ''You Must Set Forth at Dawn'', p. 6.</ref> Omu kutandika kwa 1967, ebihandiiko bye Kongi’s Harvest na Idanre and Other Poems bikashohozibwa.<ref>"[https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/engp06/chapter/wole-soyinka-kongis-harvest/ Wole Soyinka, Kongi's Harvest – African & Caribbean Writing in English]". ''ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Ari na Tom Stoppard, akatunga ekirabo kya John Whiting omuri London. Akatooranwa kuba mukuru w'eishomero rya Drama, Yunivasite ya Ibadan kwonka akaremwa kutwara entebe egyo ahabw'okubohwa omu kwezi kwa munaana. N'obu araabe yaabaire ari omu kihome, omuzaano gwe ogurikwetwa The Lion and The Jewel gukagumizamu gwashohozibwa omuri Accra, Ghana omu Kwamwenda 1967. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Strong Breed bikashohozibwa aba Off-Broadway omu Greenwich Mews Theatre omuri New York City. Omuri 1968, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Jock Campbell-New Statesman Award. Ekibiina kya Negro Ensemble Company kikashohoza Kongi's Harvest aha St. Mark's Theatre, New York.<ref>"[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,838330,00.html Theater: Kongi's Harvest]". ''Time''. 26 April 1968. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X 0040-781X]. Retrieved 7 May 2022.</ref> Akavunuura D. O. Fagunwa's Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irunmale kuruga omu rurimi rwa Yoruba kuza omu Rungyereza. Kikashohozibwa nka The Forest of a Thousand Demons: A Hunter's Saga. === Okurekurwa n'okushohoza ebitabo. === Omu Okwaikumi 1969, emyezi mikye erikuburayo orutaro rw'omunda rukahwa, okusaasira kukarangirirwa, Soyinka hamwe n'abandi basibe b'eby'obutegyeki barekurwa.<ref>PEN America (16 April 2012). "[https://pen.org/case-histories-wole-soyinka/ Case Histories: Wole Soyinka]". ''PEN America''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omu myezi mikye y'okubanza bwanyima y'okurekurwa kwe, Soyinka akaguma aha faamu ya munywani we omu mashuuma ga Bufaransa, ahu yaasherwire kuhuumuraho wenka. Akahandiika The Bacchae of Euripides (1969), ekihandiiko kihindwiremu kushushana enfumu ya Pentheus.<ref name=":3">Killam and Rowe (eds), ''The Companion to African Literature'' (2000), p. 276.</ref> Kandi akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebyevugo omuri London, kikwetwa Poems from Prison. Aha muheru gw'omwaka, akagaruka omu ofiisi ye nk'orikukurira eby'emizaano omuri Ibadan.<ref name=":5">"[https://dailytrust.com/things-to-know-about-prof-wole-soyinka-at-89/ Things To Know About Prof Wole Soyinka At 89]". ''[[:en:Daily_Trust|Daily Trust]]''. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omu 1970, akashohoza omuzaano Kongi's Harvest, kandi omu bwire bumwe akaguhindura nk'omuzaano gwa firimu gw'eiziina niryo rimwe, Kongi's Harvest. Omu Kwamukaaga 1970, akamara omuzaano ogundi, ogurikwetwa Madmen and Specialists.<ref>Ajeluorou, Anote (25 July 2015). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/periscoping-a-senseless-war-in-madmen-and-specialists/ Periscoping A Senseless War In Madmen And Specialists]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</ref> Arikukoragana n'ekibiina ky'abazaani 15 ba Ibadan University Theatre Art Company, akagyenda United States, kureeba Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center omuri Waterford, Connecticut, ahu omuzaano gwe oguyabaire ahererukurieyo kuhandiika gwayorekirwe omurundi gwokubanza.[citation needed] Omu 1971, ekitabo kye ky'ebyevugo ekya A Shuttle in the Crypt kikashohozibwa. Madmen and Specialists kikashohozibwa omuri Ibadan omwaka ogwo.<ref>Lee, Christopher J. (25 March 2020). "[http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/reading-wole-soyinka-s-madmen-and-specialists-time-pandemic Reading Wole Soyinka's 'Madmen and Specialists' in a Time of Pandemic]". ''Warscapes''.</ref> Omu Kwakana 1971, ahabw'okwerarikirira aha mbeera y'eby'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria, Soyinka akarekura emirimo ye aha Yunivasite omuri Ibadan, kandi yaatandika emyaka mingi ayetwaire omubuzaahe. kuza omu buzaahe.<ref name=":6">Adegbamigbe, Ademola (13 July 2019). "[https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/07/13/soyinka-at-85-why-i-detained-him-for-2-years-during-civil-war-yakubu-gowon/ Soyinka at 85: 'Why I Detained Him for 2 Years During the Civil War' - Yakubu Gowon]". ''The NEWS''. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</ref> Soyinka akagyenda omuri Paris, Bufaransa, kutwara omurimo gw'okuzaana nka Patrice Lumumba, mukuru w'eihanga w'okubanza rya Repubulika ya Kongo owaisirwe, omu muzaano ogwashohozibwe Joan Littlewood omu kwakataano 1971 ogurikwetwa Murderous Angels, omuzaano gwa Conor Cruise O'Brien ogwabaire nigukwata aha buremeezi bwa Kongo.<ref name=":4">Gibbs, James. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/soyinka-wole-13-july-1934 Soyinka, Wole 1934–]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 September 2021. (Updated by [[:en:Tanure_Ojaide|Tanure Ojaide]].)</ref><ref>[[:en:Biodun_Jeyifo|Jeyifo, Biodun]] (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nwhlgrVqvYkC&q=%22Murderous+Angels%22%3D&pg=PR27 Chronology]". ''Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, and Postcolonialism''. Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;xxvii. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139439084|9781139439084]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri Paris, ebicweka kuruga omu muzaano gwa Soyinka ogurikumanywa munonga The Dance of The Forests bikazaanwa.<ref>Adenekan, Sulaiman (2016). "[https://www.tradenewswire.net/the-pride-of-africa-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-clocks-85-years-serving-humanity-poetically/ The Pride of Africa: Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka clocks 85 years serving humanity poeticall]y". ''Trade Newswire''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Omu 1972, ekitabo kye Season of Anomy hamwe na Collected Plays byona bikashohozibwa Oxford University Press. Ekihandiiko kye ky'ebirikumukwataho ekya The Man Died, ekirikurundaana ebi yaahandiikire omu kihome, nakyo kikashohozibwa omwaka ogwo.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/biographical/ Wole Soyinka | Biographical]", The Nobel Prize, 1986.</ref> Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Honoris Causa doctorate kuruga omu Yunivasite ya Leeds omuri 1973.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/honorary-degree/ Honorary Degree]", Leeds ''African Studies Bulletin'' 19 (November 1973), pp. 1–2. [Professor Soyinka receiving the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from the Chancellor, HRH the Duchess of Kent, on Thursday 17 May 1973 – image from 'Nobel Prize for Leeds Graduate', ''The Reporter'' (the University of Leeds), 258, 24 October 1986.]</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, National Theatre, London, ekashaba kandi yaatongoza omuzaano The Bacchae of Euripides,<ref name=":3" /> kandi emizaano ye Camwood on the Leaves na Jero's Metamorphosis nayo ekaba eri ey'okubanza kushohozibwa. Akamara omwaka gumwe nk'omugyenyi aha Churchill College, Cambridge<ref>Gumbel, Andrew (3 November 2005). "[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/03/theatre3 Wole Soyinka on how he came to write Death and the King's Horseman]". ''The Guardian''.</ref> (1973–74)<ref name=":4" /> kandi yaahandiika Death and the King's Horseman, ekyashomirwe omurundi gw'okubanza aha Churchill College.<ref name=":5" /> Omu 1974, Oxford University Press ekashohoza Soyinka's Collected Plays, Volume II. Akateeraho hamwe ekitabo kya 1975 Poems of Black Africa, ekyashohoziibwe nka kimwe ahakicweka kya Heinemann African Writers Series.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JtqywAEACAAJ Poems of Black Africa]'', Heinemann African Writers Series, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]. <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780435901714|9780435901714]]</bdi>.</ref> Kandi omuri 1975, Soyinka akakuzibwa yaaza aha ntebe y'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka Transition Magazine, akaabaire nikashangwa omu kibuga ekikuru ekya Ghana ekya Accra, ahu yaafurukiire.<ref name=":6" /> Akakoresa ebihandiiko bye omu magaziini kujumirira abo abarikusaasibwa munonga abairaguju (nk'eky'okureeberaho, ekicweka kye "Neo-Tarzanism: Eby'obutegyeki obwa Pseudo-Transition) hamwe n'obutegyeki bw'amahe. Akeesharinga ahabw'obutegyeki bw'amahe obwa Idi Amin omu Uganda. Bwanyima y'empindahinduka omu by'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria hamwe n'okuhenda gavumenti y'amahe eya Gowon omuri 1975, Soyinka akagaruka omu ihanga rye kandi yaagaruka omu mwanya gwe nka mukuru w'okugyeragyeranisa ebyahandiikirwe. omu Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref name=":6" /> === Okushomesa === Kuruga 1975 kuhisya 1999, Soyinka akaheereza nka Purofeesa w'ebitabo ebirikugyeragyeranisibwa aha Obafemi Awolowo University.<ref>Odinaka (31 July 2018). "[https://www.tori.ng/news/102835/the-house-prof-soyinka-lived-in-during-oau-days-tu.html The House Prof. Soyinka Lived In During OAU Days, Turned Into A Campus Museum (Photos)]". ''Tori.ng''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Amerika, akeegyesa aha Cornell University nk'omuhangu wa Goldwin Smith omu kwega aha Afirika hamwe n'eby'emizaano kuruga 1988 kuhisya 1991. Aha Yunivasite ya Emory, akatooranwa nka Robert W. Woodruff Purofeesa w'eby'emikono omuri 1996 kandi atwire ari Purofeesa w'okuhandiika omu Yunivasite ya Nevada, Las Vegas. Soyinka akaheereza scholar-in-residence omu Institute of African American Affairs eya New York University hamwe na Loyola Marymount University omuri Los Angeles, California. Akegyesa n'aha Yunivasite za Cambridge, Oxford, Harvard na Yale. Akaba ari omwegi w'amaani omu kutuura aha Yunivasite ya Duke omuri 2008.<ref>"[https://alumni.duke.edu/magazine/articles/soyinka-stage Soyinka on Stage | Nobel laureate works with student production of his play]". ''Duke Magazine''. No.&#x20;January–February 2011. 31 January 2011. Retrieved 18 April 2021.</ref> Omu Kwaikumi na kubiri 2017, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Europe Theatre Prize omu kicweka kya "Special Prize" category,<ref>Ajibade, Kunle (12 December 2017). "[https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2017/12/12/wole-soyinka-wins-europe-theatre-prize/ Wole Soyinka Wins The Europe Theatre Prize]". ''[[:en:P.M._News|P.M. News]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref><ref>"[https://www.concisenews.global/news/soyinka-wins-2017-the-europe-theatre-prize/ Soyinka Wins 2017 Europe Theatre Prize]". ''Concise News''. 15 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> ekyahairwe omuntu owaabaire "aine ekyayongyeireho omu kuhikiiriza emikoro y'eby'obuhangwa erikureetaho okwetegyereza n'okubagana amagyezi ahagati y'abantu".<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20171225034855/http://www.jamesmurua.com/wole-soyinka-to-receive-europe-theatre-prize-2017/ Wole Soyinka to receive Europe Theatre Prize 2017]". ''James Murua's Literature Blog''. 14 December 2017. Archived from the original on 25 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> Ebiro 1 September 2022, Soyinka akatwara entebe y'okuba Purofeesa w'eby'emizaano aha New York University Abu Dhabi.<ref>"[https://www.wam.ae/en/article/hszrfcet-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-joins-nyu-abu-dhabi Nobel laureate Wole Soyinka joins NYU Abu Dhabi faculty]". Emirates News Agency-WAM. 23 August 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref><ref>"[https://nyuad.nyu.edu/en/academics/divisions/arts-and-humanities/faculty/wole-soyinka.html Wole Soyinka | Arts Professor of Theater]". ''nyuad.nyu.edu''. New York University Abu Dhabi. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref> Omu 1976, akashohoza ekitabo kye ky'ebitebyo Ogun Abibiman, hamwe n'ekitabo ky'ebihandiiko ekiine omutwe Myth, Literature and the African World.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/facts/ The Nobel Prize in Literature 1986]". ''NobelPrize.org''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omuri ebi, Soyinka naashwijuma oburugo bw'oburagwa omu katemba ka Afirika kandi, arikukoresa eby'okureeberaho kuruga omuri Buraaya na Afirika, naagyeragyeranisa kandi akashoboorora eby'obuhangwa. Akaha orubazo rw'omutaano aha itendekyero ry'okushwijuma Afirika aha Yunivasite ya Ghana omuri Legon. Omu Okwaikumi 1976, envunuura ya Bufaransa eya The Dance of The Forests<ref>"[https://abjournals.org/ajchrt/papers/volume-8/issue-1/ghost-dirge-and-the-forest-dance-in-soyinkas-metathysical-play-a-dance-of-the-forests/ Ghost, Dirge and the Forest Dance in Soyinka's Metaphysical Play "A Dance of the Forests]". ''African Journal of Culture, History, Religion and Traditions (AJCHRT)''. 24 November 2024. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> ekazaanwa omuri Dakar. Omu 1977, Opera Wọnyọsi, okuhindura kwe okw'omuzzano gwa Bertolt Brecht, T''he Threepenny Opera'', gukazaanira omuri Ibadan. Omu 1979, Soyinka akebembera kandi yazaana omu muzaano gwa Jon Blair na Norman Fenton ogurikwetwa The Biko Inquest, omzaano ogurikwegamira aha magara ga Steve Biko, omwegi wa South Africa kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe bw'abantu owaateirwe akafa ahabwa pooriisi y'omuri South Africa eyabaire neekuratira engyenderwaho y'okushoroora omu bantu.<ref name=":4" /> Omu 1981 Soyinka akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebirikumukwataho Aké: The Years of Childhood, ekyasingire ekirabo kya 1983 Anisfield-Wolf Book Award.<ref>"[https://www.anisfield-wolf.org/winners/ake-the-years-of-childhood/ Winners: 1983 Nonfiction – Ake]". ''Anisfield-Wolf Book Awards''. Retrieved 9 April 2021.</ref> Soyinka akagumizamu yaatandikaho ekibiina ekindi eky'emizaano, ekya Guerrilla Unit, ekyasherwire kwejumba butunu n'abantu b'omubyaro. Ekigyendererwa kyayo kikaba kiri okubahwera kuteekateeka aha buremeezi bwabo n'okuha eiraka okwetomboitwa kwabo kurabira omu kukora emizaano migufu. Omu 1983, omuzaano gwe Requiem for a Futurologist gukaba guri omuzaano gwagwo gw'okubanza aha Yunivasite ya Ife. Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omwaka ogwo, emwe aha purogyekiti ze z'ebyeshongoro, ekitongore kya Unlimited Liability Company, kikashohoza akatambi k'okweshongora akarikwetwa I Love My Country, ahu abeeshongozi ba Nigeria abarikumanywa baazaaniire ebyeshongoro ebyahandiikirwe Soyinka. Omu 1984, akakora firimu Blues for a Prodigal, eyayorekirwe aha Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref>Gibbs, James (1985). "[https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/03064228508533902 Wole Soyinka's film banned]". ''[[:en:Index_on_Censorship|Index on Censorship]]''. '''14''' (3): 41. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1080/03064228508533902|10.1080/03064228508533902]]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:220929276 220929276] &#x2013; via [[:en:SAGE_Publishing|SAGE Publishing]].</ref> A Play of Giants ekorekwa omwaka nigwo gumwe.[57] == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == 2mgbrw7zl04vv5qnq1uu4jrvyi7cm3k 7256377 7256367 2026-07-20T09:50:26Z Rooth N 2608660 7256377 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wp/nyn]] '''Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola] 2021, p.&#x20;34.</ref>''', a'''kazaarwa 13 Okwamushanju 1934) n'omuhandiiki Omunigeria, w'emizaano, kandi omuhandiiki w'ebitabo. Akahandiika ebitabo bishatu, by'ebitabo by'emigane mikye eikumi, ebitabo mushanju by'ebyevugo, ebitabo by'emizaano abiri na bitaano, hamwe n'ebitabo bitaano by'ebirikumukwataho.<ref name=":2">Gibbs, James (1986). ''Wole Soyinka''. Basingstoke: [[:en:Macmillan_Publishers|Macmillan]]. p.&#x20;3. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780333305287|9780333305287]]</bdi>.</ref> Ahandiikire ebitabo bibiri ebivunwirwe hamwe n'ebicweka bingi hamwe n'ebitebyo bikye bikye by'okuhandiikisa empapura z'amakuru hamwe n'ebitabo by'obwire bukye. Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel eky'omwaka 1986 omu by'obuhangwa ahabw'okugira ngu akaba naashwijuma "ebintu bingi ebirikukwata aha buhangwa hamwe n'orurimi rw'okwevuga ahabirikukwata aha kubaho kw'abantu".<ref>Abdullahi, Idowu (11 October 2024). "[https://punchng.com/nobel-laureate-award-exposed-me-to-danger-wole-soyinka/ Nobel Laureate award exposed me to danger]". ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Akazaarwa omu ka y'Abakurisitaayo Abayoruba omuri Aké, Abeokuta.<ref>"[https://dawncommission.org/professor-wole-soyinka/ Professor Wole Soyinka – DAWN Commission]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref><ref name=":0">"[https://wolesoyinkalecture.org/about-wole-soyinka-2/ About Wole Soyinka]". ''Wole Soyinka Lecture Series''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Soyinka akatunga obwegyese obw'okumutebeekanisa aha Government College, Ibadan kandi yaagyenda aha University College Ibadan. Omu bwire bw'obwegyese bwe, akatandikaho ekibiina kya Pyrate Confraternity.<ref name=":0" /> Soyinka akaruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza kwega aha Yunivasite ya Leeds. Omu bwire obwo, niwe yaabaire ari omuhandiiki w'akatabo ka yunivasite, The Eagle, atakabaire muhandiiki ow'obutwire omu myaka ya 1950.<ref>"[https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/wole-soyinka/ Wole Soyinka – Narrative Landscape Press]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Bungyereza, akatandika kuhandiika ebitebyo bigufu n'okukora ebihandiiko aha BBC Lecture series. Akahandiika emizaano mingi eyazaanairwe aha reediyo hamwe n'omu myanya y'emizaano omuri Nigeria hamwe na Bungyereza, okukira munonga Royal Court Theatre.<ref>"[https://livingarchive.royalcourttheatre.com/black-plays-1960s/ Black Plays 1960s]". ''Royal Court - Living Archive''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Ebitabo bya Soyinka bingi hamwe n'emizaano ye, nibiteebwaho omuri Nigeria, ekirikworeka ebyafaayo by'eihanga eryo, eby'obuhangwa, hamwe n'oburemeezi bw'eby'obutegyeki. Oyihireho emirimo egi, akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi ebirikujumiirira emitwarize mibi y'abantu omungyeri erikushetsya. Ebihandiiko ebi bikajanjaara omu bantu baingi kandi byakundwa munonga. Atungire obusinguzi n'emizaano ye, otwariiremu The Swamp Dwellers (1958), The Lion and the Jewel (1959), na The Invention (1957), omuzaano gumwe ahayabandize, ogwakoriirwe aha Royal Court Theatre. Soyinka ahandiikire ebitabo bingi, otwariiremu The Interpreters (1965), Season of Anomy (1973), Death and the King's Horseman, Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth (2021), na Harmattan Haze on an African Spring (2012). Omu Kwamushanju 2024, Bola Tinubu akahindura eiziina ry'ekishengye ky'emizaano ekya National Arts Theatre ahanyima ya Soyinka aha mazaarwa ge ag'emyaka 90. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Soyinka akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju 1934 omuri Ake, Abeokuta, Nigeria omu ka y'Abakristaayo ey'obuzaare bw'Abayoruba. Akaba ari owa kabiri omu baana mushanju[a] ba Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, omuheereza w'Abakuristayo kandi mukuru w'eishomero kuruga omu ruganda rw'obugabe orwa Isara-Remo[<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1988 Gibbs 1988], pp.&#x20;526.</ref> hamwe na Grace Soyinka (née Jenkins-Harrison), omushubuuzi kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe kuruga omu ruganda rwa Ransome-Kuti.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFMaduakor1986 Maduakor 1986], pp.&#x20;227.</ref> Nyina Grace hamwe n'ab'eka ye, aba Ransome-Kutis, bakaba bari ab'eka y'amaani omuri Nigeria<ref>Staff writer (9 May 2014). "[https://businessday.ng/family-and-relationships/article/great-dynasties-the-ransome-kutis/ Great Dynasties:The Ransome-Kutis]". ''[[:en:BusinessDay_(Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> abarikugambwaho nk'ekigarukwamu kya Nigeria aha ka ya Kennedy omuri United States. Owaabatandikireho, omusesorodooti w'Abakuristaayo J. J. Ransome-Kuti, akaba ari omuntu w'okubanza omu ihanga rye omu by'okushohoza ebyeshongoro omu myaka ya 1920.<ref>Sansom, Ian. "[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/11/fela-kuti-great-dynasties-ian-sansom Great Dynasties: The Ransome-Kutis]". ''theguardian.com''. Retrieved 17 January 2026.</ref> Kuruga 1940 kuhistya 1946, Soyinka akaba naashoma aha St. Peters Primary School, ahu ishe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eishomero.<ref>"[https://guardian.ng/art/genius-of-the-unconventional-and-the-patterning-of-dualities-wole-soyinkas-early-childhood-part-3/ Genius of the unconventional and the patterning of dualities: Wole Soyinka's early childhood]". ''T[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|he Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akashomera siniya ye Abeokuta Grammar School kandi okushoma kwe okw'okweteekateekyera Yunivasite aha Government College, Ibadan kuruga 1946 kuhisya 1951.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/soyinka-wole-1934/ Wole Soyinka (1934- )]". ''[[:en:BlackPast.org|BlackPast.org]]''. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akaheebwa omwanya omu University College Ibadan, ahu yaashomire ebyahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza, Orugriika, hamwe n'ebyafaayo by'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kuruga 1952 kuhisya 1954.<ref name=":1">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola 2021], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Omu myaka ye y'ahamuheru omu yunivasite, akahandiika omuzaano mugufu aha reediyo, Keffi's Birthday Treat, ogwashohwire omu Kwamushanju 1954 kuruga omu kitongore kya Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1980 Gibbs 1980], p.&#x20;21.</ref> Hamwe n'abeegi bagyenzi be otwariiremu Olumuyiwa Awẹ, Ralph Opara, Aig-Imoukhuede, na Pius Olegbe, akatandikaho ekibiina ekirikwetwa National Association of Seadogs, ekibiina ky'okubanza omuri Nigeria.<ref name=":1" /> Soyinka akafuruka kuruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza omuri 1954 kugumizamu n'emishomo ye omu byahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza aha Yunivasite ya Leeds arikureebererwa G. Wilson Knight.<ref>''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFEncyclopedia_Britannica2024 Encyclopedia Britannica]'' 2024.</ref> Okusharamu kw'okushoma aheeru y'eihanga omu bwire obwo obu okushoma diguri ya kabiri kyabaire kitarikubaho omuri Ibadan kikaba kiri kurabira omuri Joyce M. Green, omukazi Omungyereza owaizire omu University College, Ibadan kuruga Cambridge omuri 1950, kandi owaabaire ari omwe aha beegyesa ba Soyinka kandi owaabaire amuhaire ekihandiiko kirungi eky'okumugambaho omuri Leeds.<ref>Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi (28 July 2019). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/soyinkas-early-romance-with-england-1954-1959-a-cold-chapter-for-an-anti-form-rebel-part-1/ Soyinka's early romance with England 1954-1959: A cold chapter for an anti-form rebel]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 8 January 2026.</ref> Aha yunivasite ya Leeds, akaheereza nk'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka yunivasite akarikushetsya, The Eagle, omuri ako yaahandiika ekicweka aha magara g'eby'okushoma. Omu Kwamunaana 1955, akatandika kukwata ebyeshongoro aha BBC Lecture kandi yaahandiika ebitebyo bigufu nyingi. Omuri 1957, akasingura empaka z'okugamba ezirikubaho buri mwaka ezirikuteebwaho Yunivasite.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFLindfors1974 Lindfors 1974], pp.&#x20;471–486.</ref> == Emirimo == === 1957–1967: Omurimo gwe gw'okubanza === Soyinka akaguma omuri Leeds bwanyima y'okutunga diguri ye eya BA honours omu Rungyereza omuri 1957.<ref name=":2" /> Omu 1957, akatandika kuhandiika emizaano ye ey'okubanza, ''Swamp Dwellers'' na ''The Lion and the Jewel''. Soyinka akaza London kandi yaakora nk'omushomi w'emizaano aha Royal Court Theatre. Akebembera ekibiina kya Nigerian Drama Group ekyakozire The Swamp Dwellers omuri 1958. Omu bwire obwo, emizaano ye ebiri ekazaanwa omuri Ibadan, Nigeria. Omuri 1957, omuzaano gwe, The Invention, gukashohozibwa aha Royal Court Theatre omuri London, kandi gukaba guri omurimo gwe gw'okubanza aha.<ref>"Wole Soyinka". ''African Biography''. Detroit, MI: Gale (published 2 December 2006). 1999. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-2823-9|978-0-7876-2823-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akahandiika ebyevugo, otwariiremu "''The Immigrant''" hamwe na "''My Next Door Neighbour''", ebyareebekire omuri Black Orpheus. Omuri 1959, Soyinka akagaruka Nigeria bwanyima y'okutunga obuhwezi bwa Rockefeller Research Fellowship ahabw'okucondooza kwe aha by'emizaano ya Afirika. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe omwaka nigwo gumwe, akaza omu mwanya gwa Janheinz Jahn nk'omwe ahabahandiiki babiri bakuru ba Black Orpheus.<ref>Jacobs, Alan. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/trials-brother-jero The Trials Of Brother Jero]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu 1960, akamara omuzaano gwe ogwa reediyo Camwood on the Leaves, kandi n'omuzaano gwe ''The Trials of Brother Jero'' gukatongozibwa omu Mellanby Hall residence of University College Ibadan omu Kwakana 1960. Akakora ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Mask omu myaka ya 1960. Omuzaano gwe ogwa A Dance of The Forest, gukatongozibwa nk'omuzaano gw'eizooba ry'okwetegyeka kwa Nigeria, kandi ebiro 1 Okwaikumi 1960, gukatongozibwa omuri Lagos.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[[:en:BlackPast.org|Wole Soyinka (1934- )". ''BlackPast.org'']]. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Omuzaano gwa Soyinka ogw'okubanza ogurikwetwa My Father's Burden, gukaba nigwebemberwa Olusegun Olusola kandi gukaba nigworekwa aha Western Nigeria Television ebiro 6 Okwamunaana 1960.<ref>Uzoatu, Uzor Maxim (5 October 2013). "[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/146108-essential-soyinka-timeline-uzor-maxim-uzoatu.html The Essential Soyinka Timeline]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref> Omu 1962, Soyinka akahandiika ebihandiiko birikurwanirira okushoma n'okuhandiika omuri Nigeria omu bwire obwo otwariiremu "Death of the King's Horsemen" hamwe na "Towards a True Theater", ebyashohoziibwe omu Transition Magazine.<ref>Amayi, Zakayo (22 June 2013). "[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/standard-entertainment/article/2000086475/soyinkas-grumpy-battles-to-defend-literary-legacy Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's grumpy battles to defend literary legacy]". Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa aha Obafemi Awolowo University omuri Ifẹ. Omu 1963, firimu ye y'okubanza, Culture in Transition, ekashohozibwa. Soyinka akarekura omurimo gwe aha Yunivasite omuri 1964, nk'okwesharinga ahabw'emitwarize y'okushagika gavumenti eyateirweho ab'obushoborozi. Akagira ngu ab'obushoborozi omu yunivasite bakakwatanisa eitendekyero n'obutegyeki bwa Samuel Ladoke Akintola obwabaire butarikukundwa. Omu bwire obwo, akakora The Lion and the Jewel<ref>"[https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/critical-responses-to-african-theatre-wole-soyinkas-the-lion-and-the-jewel-by-professor-martin-banham/ Critical Responses to African Theatre: Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel by Professor Martin Banham | Black Plays Archive]". ''www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> omu siizoni y'emizaano omu Rungyereza na Yoruba hamwe n'okutandikaho The Orisun Theatre Company, guruupu ya theatre. Omu 1965, akakora omuzaano gwa gurikujumirira emitwarize mibi omungyeru erikushestya, ''Before the Blackout''.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/african-theatre-soyinka/ Review of African Theatre Soyinka: Blackout, Blowout and Beyond | Centre for African Studies (LUCAS)]". ''lucas.leeds.ac.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuzano gwe, Kongi's Harvest, gukatandika omu Kwamunaana omuri Lagos. Ebiro 14 September 1965, omuzaano gwe The Road gukatandika kworekwa omuri London aha Commonwealth Arts Festival hamwe na Theatre Royal Stratford East. Soyinka akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa mukuru aha Yunivasite ya Lagos. Juba, ekitabo kye ekisya The Interpreters kikashohozibwa André Deutsch omuri London. Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akakomwa omurundi gw'okubanza, yaajunaanwa okukwata reediyo aha mbundu akahindura akatambi k'ebigambo by'enganzi y'ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba n'akatambi akarikujunaana okwiba akaruuru. Akarekurwa bwanyima y'ameezi agamwe g'okukomwa ahabw'okwesharinga kw'abantu b'ensi yoona abahandiiki. Akahandiika n'ekitabo The Detainee, omuzaano gwa reediyo ogwashohozibwe BBC omuri London.<ref>Ezugwu, Obinna (19 July 2021). "[https://hallmarknews.com/salute-to-kongi-at-87/ Salute To Kongi At 87]". ''hallmarknews.com''. Retrieved 13 August 2022.</ref> === 1966–1968: Orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria === Bwanyima y'okuba Mukuru w'ekibiina ky'emizaano aha Yunivasite ya Ibadan, Soyinka akatandika kwejumba omu by'obutegyeki. Bwanyima y'amahe okuhamba obutegyeki omu kwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1966, akabugana omu kihama Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, gavana w'amahe ow'amashuuma g'oburugwa izooba bwa Nigeria omu kugyezaho okuzibira orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria.<ref>"[https://howng.com/professor-wole-soyinka-full-biographylife-and-news/ Professor Wole Soyinka Full Biography, Life And News]". ''howng.com''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Akaza n'omuri Ẹnugu, ahu yabugaine mugyenzi we Omuyoruba, Victor Banjọ, orikukora na gavumenti ya Biafra. Soyinka, owaashabire obushagiki bw'abeebembezi b'amahe omu kicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, akahitsya obutumwa bwa Banjo ahari Lieutenant Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo, owaabaire atoorainwe nk'omuduumizi w'amahe g'omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba. Omumwebazyo gw'akana, Soyinka agarukire omu mahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, amahe ga Biafra gakatahirira ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Bwanyima y'okutwara oburengyerwa-izooba, Soyinka akabugana Obasanjo kumugambira ekigyendererwa ky'Ababiafra ahabwokuba Obasanjo akaba yaacwiremu kwegaita aha gavumenti ya Nigeria. Kwonka okutahirira kwa Biafra ahagati yóburegyerwa eizooba kikarugamu okuhoorera okwakozirwe amahe ga gavumenti eya federo, kandi orutaro rw'omunda rukatandika. Obasanjo akashoboorora gavumenti ya Nigeria orukiiko rwe na Soyinka, yarangirira Soyinka nk'omuheekyera, n'ahabw'ekyo akakwatwa ab'obushoborozi bwa federo kandi yaakomwa kumara emyezi 22.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/07/27/wole.soyinka/index.html Wole Soyinka: Nigeria's Nobel Laureate]". ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. 1 August 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2026.</ref> Akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi n'byevugo arikujuumirira gavumenti ya Nigeria obu yaabaire ari omu kihome.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (2006), ''You Must Set Forth at Dawn'', p. 6.</ref> Omu kutandika kwa 1967, ebihandiiko bye Kongi’s Harvest na Idanre and Other Poems bikashohozibwa.<ref>"[https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/engp06/chapter/wole-soyinka-kongis-harvest/ Wole Soyinka, Kongi's Harvest – African & Caribbean Writing in English]". ''ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Ari na Tom Stoppard, akatunga ekirabo kya John Whiting omuri London. Akatooranwa kuba mukuru w'eishomero rya Drama, Yunivasite ya Ibadan kwonka akaremwa kutwara entebe egyo ahabw'okubohwa omu kwezi kwa munaana. N'obu araabe yaabaire ari omu kihome, omuzaano gwe ogurikwetwa The Lion and The Jewel gukagumizamu gwashohozibwa omuri Accra, Ghana omu Kwamwenda 1967. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Strong Breed bikashohozibwa aba Off-Broadway omu Greenwich Mews Theatre omuri New York City. Omuri 1968, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Jock Campbell-New Statesman Award. Ekibiina kya Negro Ensemble Company kikashohoza Kongi's Harvest aha St. Mark's Theatre, New York.<ref>"[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,838330,00.html Theater: Kongi's Harvest]". ''Time''. 26 April 1968. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X 0040-781X]. Retrieved 7 May 2022.</ref> Akavunuura D. O. Fagunwa's Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irunmale kuruga omu rurimi rwa Yoruba kuza omu Rungyereza. Kikashohozibwa nka The Forest of a Thousand Demons: A Hunter's Saga. === Okurekurwa n'okushohoza ebitabo. === Omu Okwaikumi 1969, emyezi mikye erikuburayo orutaro rw'omunda rukahwa, okusaasira kukarangirirwa, Soyinka hamwe n'abandi basibe b'eby'obutegyeki barekurwa.<ref>PEN America (16 April 2012). "[https://pen.org/case-histories-wole-soyinka/ Case Histories: Wole Soyinka]". ''PEN America''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omu myezi mikye y'okubanza bwanyima y'okurekurwa kwe, Soyinka akaguma aha faamu ya munywani we omu mashuuma ga Bufaransa, ahu yaasherwire kuhuumuraho wenka. Akahandiika The Bacchae of Euripides (1969), ekihandiiko kihindwiremu kushushana enfumu ya Pentheus.<ref name=":3">Killam and Rowe (eds), ''The Companion to African Literature'' (2000), p. 276.</ref> Kandi akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebyevugo omuri London, kikwetwa Poems from Prison. Aha muheru gw'omwaka, akagaruka omu ofiisi ye nk'orikukurira eby'emizaano omuri Ibadan.<ref name=":5">"[https://dailytrust.com/things-to-know-about-prof-wole-soyinka-at-89/ Things To Know About Prof Wole Soyinka At 89]". ''[[:en:Daily_Trust|Daily Trust]]''. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omu 1970, akashohoza omuzaano Kongi's Harvest, kandi omu bwire bumwe akaguhindura nk'omuzaano gwa firimu gw'eiziina niryo rimwe, Kongi's Harvest. Omu Kwamukaaga 1970, akamara omuzaano ogundi, ogurikwetwa Madmen and Specialists.<ref>Ajeluorou, Anote (25 July 2015). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/periscoping-a-senseless-war-in-madmen-and-specialists/ Periscoping A Senseless War In Madmen And Specialists]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</ref> Arikukoragana n'ekibiina ky'abazaani 15 ba Ibadan University Theatre Art Company, akagyenda United States, kureeba Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center omuri Waterford, Connecticut, ahu omuzaano gwe oguyabaire ahererukurieyo kuhandiika gwayorekirwe omurundi gwokubanza.[citation needed] Omu 1971, ekitabo kye ky'ebyevugo ekya A Shuttle in the Crypt kikashohozibwa. Madmen and Specialists kikashohozibwa omuri Ibadan omwaka ogwo.<ref>Lee, Christopher J. (25 March 2020). "[http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/reading-wole-soyinka-s-madmen-and-specialists-time-pandemic Reading Wole Soyinka's 'Madmen and Specialists' in a Time of Pandemic]". ''Warscapes''.</ref> Omu Kwakana 1971, ahabw'okwerarikirira aha mbeera y'eby'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria, Soyinka akarekura emirimo ye aha Yunivasite omuri Ibadan, kandi yaatandika emyaka mingi ayetwaire omubuzaahe. kuza omu buzaahe.<ref name=":6">Adegbamigbe, Ademola (13 July 2019). "[https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/07/13/soyinka-at-85-why-i-detained-him-for-2-years-during-civil-war-yakubu-gowon/ Soyinka at 85: 'Why I Detained Him for 2 Years During the Civil War' - Yakubu Gowon]". ''The NEWS''. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</ref> Soyinka akagyenda omuri Paris, Bufaransa, kutwara omurimo gw'okuzaana nka Patrice Lumumba, mukuru w'eihanga w'okubanza rya Repubulika ya Kongo owaisirwe, omu muzaano ogwashohozibwe Joan Littlewood omu kwakataano 1971 ogurikwetwa Murderous Angels, omuzaano gwa Conor Cruise O'Brien ogwabaire nigukwata aha buremeezi bwa Kongo.<ref name=":4">Gibbs, James. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/soyinka-wole-13-july-1934 Soyinka, Wole 1934–]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 September 2021. (Updated by [[:en:Tanure_Ojaide|Tanure Ojaide]].)</ref><ref>[[:en:Biodun_Jeyifo|Jeyifo, Biodun]] (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nwhlgrVqvYkC&q=%22Murderous+Angels%22%3D&pg=PR27 Chronology]". ''Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, and Postcolonialism''. Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;xxvii. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139439084|9781139439084]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri Paris, ebicweka kuruga omu muzaano gwa Soyinka ogurikumanywa munonga The Dance of The Forests bikazaanwa.<ref>Adenekan, Sulaiman (2016). "[https://www.tradenewswire.net/the-pride-of-africa-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-clocks-85-years-serving-humanity-poetically/ The Pride of Africa: Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka clocks 85 years serving humanity poeticall]y". ''Trade Newswire''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Omu 1972, ekitabo kye Season of Anomy hamwe na Collected Plays byona bikashohozibwa Oxford University Press. Ekihandiiko kye ky'ebirikumukwataho ekya The Man Died, ekirikurundaana ebi yaahandiikire omu kihome, nakyo kikashohozibwa omwaka ogwo.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/biographical/ Wole Soyinka | Biographical]", The Nobel Prize, 1986.</ref> Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Honoris Causa doctorate kuruga omu Yunivasite ya Leeds omuri 1973.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/honorary-degree/ Honorary Degree]", Leeds ''African Studies Bulletin'' 19 (November 1973), pp. 1–2. [Professor Soyinka receiving the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from the Chancellor, HRH the Duchess of Kent, on Thursday 17 May 1973 – image from 'Nobel Prize for Leeds Graduate', ''The Reporter'' (the University of Leeds), 258, 24 October 1986.]</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, National Theatre, London, ekashaba kandi yaatongoza omuzaano The Bacchae of Euripides,<ref name=":3" /> kandi emizaano ye Camwood on the Leaves na Jero's Metamorphosis nayo ekaba eri ey'okubanza kushohozibwa. Akamara omwaka gumwe nk'omugyenyi aha Churchill College, Cambridge<ref>Gumbel, Andrew (3 November 2005). "[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/03/theatre3 Wole Soyinka on how he came to write Death and the King's Horseman]". ''The Guardian''.</ref> (1973–74)<ref name=":4" /> kandi yaahandiika Death and the King's Horseman, ekyashomirwe omurundi gw'okubanza aha Churchill College.<ref name=":5" /> Omu 1974, Oxford University Press ekashohoza Soyinka's Collected Plays, Volume II. Akateeraho hamwe ekitabo kya 1975 Poems of Black Africa, ekyashohoziibwe nka kimwe ahakicweka kya Heinemann African Writers Series.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JtqywAEACAAJ Poems of Black Africa]'', Heinemann African Writers Series, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]. <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780435901714|9780435901714]]</bdi>.</ref> Kandi omuri 1975, Soyinka akakuzibwa yaaza aha ntebe y'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka Transition Magazine, akaabaire nikashangwa omu kibuga ekikuru ekya Ghana ekya Accra, ahu yaafurukiire.<ref name=":6" /> Akakoresa ebihandiiko bye omu magaziini kujumirira abo abarikusaasibwa munonga abairaguju (nk'eky'okureeberaho, ekicweka kye "Neo-Tarzanism: Eby'obutegyeki obwa Pseudo-Transition) hamwe n'obutegyeki bw'amahe. Akeesharinga ahabw'obutegyeki bw'amahe obwa Idi Amin omu Uganda. Bwanyima y'empindahinduka omu by'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria hamwe n'okuhenda gavumenti y'amahe eya Gowon omuri 1975, Soyinka akagaruka omu ihanga rye kandi yaagaruka omu mwanya gwe nka mukuru w'okugyeragyeranisa ebyahandiikirwe. omu Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref name=":6" /> === Okushomesa === Kuruga 1975 kuhisya 1999, Soyinka akaheereza nka Purofeesa w'ebitabo ebirikugyeragyeranisibwa aha Obafemi Awolowo University.<ref>Odinaka (31 July 2018). "[https://www.tori.ng/news/102835/the-house-prof-soyinka-lived-in-during-oau-days-tu.html The House Prof. Soyinka Lived In During OAU Days, Turned Into A Campus Museum (Photos)]". ''Tori.ng''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Amerika, akeegyesa aha Cornell University nk'omuhangu wa Goldwin Smith omu kwega aha Afirika hamwe n'eby'emizaano kuruga 1988 kuhisya 1991. Aha Yunivasite ya Emory, akatooranwa nka Robert W. Woodruff Purofeesa w'eby'emikono omuri 1996 kandi atwire ari Purofeesa w'okuhandiika omu Yunivasite ya Nevada, Las Vegas. Soyinka akaheereza scholar-in-residence omu Institute of African American Affairs eya New York University hamwe na Loyola Marymount University omuri Los Angeles, California. Akegyesa n'aha Yunivasite za Cambridge, Oxford, Harvard na Yale. Akaba ari omwegi w'amaani omu kutuura aha Yunivasite ya Duke omuri 2008.<ref>"[https://alumni.duke.edu/magazine/articles/soyinka-stage Soyinka on Stage | Nobel laureate works with student production of his play]". ''Duke Magazine''. No.&#x20;January–February 2011. 31 January 2011. Retrieved 18 April 2021.</ref> Omu Kwaikumi na kubiri 2017, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Europe Theatre Prize omu kicweka kya "Special Prize" category,<ref>Ajibade, Kunle (12 December 2017). "[https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2017/12/12/wole-soyinka-wins-europe-theatre-prize/ Wole Soyinka Wins The Europe Theatre Prize]". ''[[:en:P.M._News|P.M. News]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref><ref>"[https://www.concisenews.global/news/soyinka-wins-2017-the-europe-theatre-prize/ Soyinka Wins 2017 Europe Theatre Prize]". ''Concise News''. 15 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> ekyahairwe omuntu owaabaire "aine ekyayongyeireho omu kuhikiiriza emikoro y'eby'obuhangwa erikureetaho okwetegyereza n'okubagana amagyezi ahagati y'abantu".<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20171225034855/http://www.jamesmurua.com/wole-soyinka-to-receive-europe-theatre-prize-2017/ Wole Soyinka to receive Europe Theatre Prize 2017]". ''James Murua's Literature Blog''. 14 December 2017. Archived from the original on 25 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> Ebiro 1 September 2022, Soyinka akatwara entebe y'okuba Purofeesa w'eby'emizaano aha New York University Abu Dhabi.<ref>"[https://www.wam.ae/en/article/hszrfcet-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-joins-nyu-abu-dhabi Nobel laureate Wole Soyinka joins NYU Abu Dhabi faculty]". Emirates News Agency-WAM. 23 August 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref><ref>"[https://nyuad.nyu.edu/en/academics/divisions/arts-and-humanities/faculty/wole-soyinka.html Wole Soyinka | Arts Professor of Theater]". ''nyuad.nyu.edu''. New York University Abu Dhabi. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref> Omu 1976, akashohoza ekitabo kye ky'ebitebyo Ogun Abibiman, hamwe n'ekitabo ky'ebihandiiko ekiine omutwe Myth, Literature and the African World.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/facts/ The Nobel Prize in Literature 1986]". ''NobelPrize.org''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omuri ebi, Soyinka naashwijuma oburugo bw'oburagwa omu katemba ka Afirika kandi, arikukoresa eby'okureeberaho kuruga omuri Buraaya na Afirika, naagyeragyeranisa kandi akashoboorora eby'obuhangwa. Akaha orubazo rw'omutaano aha itendekyero ry'okushwijuma Afirika aha Yunivasite ya Ghana omuri Legon. Omu Okwaikumi 1976, envunuura ya Bufaransa eya The Dance of The Forests<ref>"[https://abjournals.org/ajchrt/papers/volume-8/issue-1/ghost-dirge-and-the-forest-dance-in-soyinkas-metathysical-play-a-dance-of-the-forests/ Ghost, Dirge and the Forest Dance in Soyinka's Metaphysical Play "A Dance of the Forests]". ''African Journal of Culture, History, Religion and Traditions (AJCHRT)''. 24 November 2024. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> ekazaanwa omuri Dakar. Omu 1977, Opera Wọnyọsi, okuhindura kwe okw'omuzzano gwa Bertolt Brecht, T''he Threepenny Opera'', gukazaanira omuri Ibadan. Omu 1979, Soyinka akebembera kandi yazaana omu muzaano gwa Jon Blair na Norman Fenton ogurikwetwa The Biko Inquest, omzaano ogurikwegamira aha magara ga Steve Biko, omwegi wa South Africa kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe bw'abantu owaateirwe akafa ahabwa pooriisi y'omuri South Africa eyabaire neekuratira engyenderwaho y'okushoroora omu bantu.<ref name=":4" /> Omu 1981 Soyinka akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebirikumukwataho Aké: The Years of Childhood, ekyasingire ekirabo kya 1983 Anisfield-Wolf Book Award.<ref>"[https://www.anisfield-wolf.org/winners/ake-the-years-of-childhood/ Winners: 1983 Nonfiction – Ake]". ''Anisfield-Wolf Book Awards''. Retrieved 9 April 2021.</ref> Soyinka akagumizamu yaatandikaho ekibiina ekindi eky'emizaano, ekya Guerrilla Unit, ekyasherwire kwejumba butunu n'abantu b'omubyaro. Ekigyendererwa kyayo kikaba kiri okubahwera kuteekateeka aha buremeezi bwabo n'okuha eiraka okwetomboitwa kwabo kurabira omu kukora emizaano migufu. Omu 1983, omuzaano gwe Requiem for a Futurologist gukaba guri omuzaano gwagwo gw'okubanza aha Yunivasite ya Ife. Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omwaka ogwo, emwe aha purogyekiti ze z'ebyeshongoro, ekitongore kya Unlimited Liability Company, kikashohoza akatambi k'okweshongora akarikwetwa I Love My Country, ahu abeeshongozi ba Nigeria abarikumanywa baazaaniire ebyeshongoro ebyahandiikirwe Soyinka. Omu 1984, akakora firimu Blues for a Prodigal, eyayorekirwe aha Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref>Gibbs, James (1985). "[https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/03064228508533902 Wole Soyinka's film banned]". ''[[:en:Index_on_Censorship|Index on Censorship]]''. '''14''' (3): 41. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1080/03064228508533902|10.1080/03064228508533902]]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:220929276 220929276] &#x2013; via [[:en:SAGE_Publishing|SAGE Publishing]].</ref> A Play of Giants ekorekwa omwaka nigwo gumwe.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (1984). ''[https://books.google.com.ng/books/about/A_Play_of_Giants.html?id=H3NuQgAACAAJ&redir_esc=y A Play of Giants]''. Methuen. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-413-55290-7|978-0-413-55290-7]]</bdi>.</ref> == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == eixl4dvmepgqv1jl4mdsk83n4w3nxo5 7256385 7256377 2026-07-20T09:53:12Z Rooth N 2608660 7256385 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wp/nyn]] '''Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola] 2021, p.&#x20;34.</ref>''', a'''kazaarwa 13 Okwamushanju 1934) n'omuhandiiki Omunigeria, w'emizaano, kandi omuhandiiki w'ebitabo. Akahandiika ebitabo bishatu, by'ebitabo by'emigane mikye eikumi, ebitabo mushanju by'ebyevugo, ebitabo by'emizaano abiri na bitaano, hamwe n'ebitabo bitaano by'ebirikumukwataho.<ref name=":2">Gibbs, James (1986). ''Wole Soyinka''. Basingstoke: [[:en:Macmillan_Publishers|Macmillan]]. p.&#x20;3. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780333305287|9780333305287]]</bdi>.</ref> Ahandiikire ebitabo bibiri ebivunwirwe hamwe n'ebicweka bingi hamwe n'ebitebyo bikye bikye by'okuhandiikisa empapura z'amakuru hamwe n'ebitabo by'obwire bukye. Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel eky'omwaka 1986 omu by'obuhangwa ahabw'okugira ngu akaba naashwijuma "ebintu bingi ebirikukwata aha buhangwa hamwe n'orurimi rw'okwevuga ahabirikukwata aha kubaho kw'abantu".<ref>Abdullahi, Idowu (11 October 2024). "[https://punchng.com/nobel-laureate-award-exposed-me-to-danger-wole-soyinka/ Nobel Laureate award exposed me to danger]". ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Akazaarwa omu ka y'Abakurisitaayo Abayoruba omuri Aké, Abeokuta.<ref>"[https://dawncommission.org/professor-wole-soyinka/ Professor Wole Soyinka – DAWN Commission]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref><ref name=":0">"[https://wolesoyinkalecture.org/about-wole-soyinka-2/ About Wole Soyinka]". ''Wole Soyinka Lecture Series''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Soyinka akatunga obwegyese obw'okumutebeekanisa aha Government College, Ibadan kandi yaagyenda aha University College Ibadan. Omu bwire bw'obwegyese bwe, akatandikaho ekibiina kya Pyrate Confraternity.<ref name=":0" /> Soyinka akaruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza kwega aha Yunivasite ya Leeds. Omu bwire obwo, niwe yaabaire ari omuhandiiki w'akatabo ka yunivasite, The Eagle, atakabaire muhandiiki ow'obutwire omu myaka ya 1950.<ref>"[https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/wole-soyinka/ Wole Soyinka – Narrative Landscape Press]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Bungyereza, akatandika kuhandiika ebitebyo bigufu n'okukora ebihandiiko aha BBC Lecture series. Akahandiika emizaano mingi eyazaanairwe aha reediyo hamwe n'omu myanya y'emizaano omuri Nigeria hamwe na Bungyereza, okukira munonga Royal Court Theatre.<ref>"[https://livingarchive.royalcourttheatre.com/black-plays-1960s/ Black Plays 1960s]". ''Royal Court - Living Archive''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Ebitabo bya Soyinka bingi hamwe n'emizaano ye, nibiteebwaho omuri Nigeria, ekirikworeka ebyafaayo by'eihanga eryo, eby'obuhangwa, hamwe n'oburemeezi bw'eby'obutegyeki. Oyihireho emirimo egi, akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi ebirikujumiirira emitwarize mibi y'abantu omungyeri erikushetsya. Ebihandiiko ebi bikajanjaara omu bantu baingi kandi byakundwa munonga. Atungire obusinguzi n'emizaano ye, otwariiremu The Swamp Dwellers (1958), The Lion and the Jewel (1959), na The Invention (1957), omuzaano gumwe ahayabandize, ogwakoriirwe aha Royal Court Theatre. Soyinka ahandiikire ebitabo bingi, otwariiremu The Interpreters (1965), Season of Anomy (1973), Death and the King's Horseman, Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth (2021), na Harmattan Haze on an African Spring (2012). Omu Kwamushanju 2024, Bola Tinubu akahindura eiziina ry'ekishengye ky'emizaano ekya National Arts Theatre ahanyima ya Soyinka aha mazaarwa ge ag'emyaka 90. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Soyinka akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju 1934 omuri Ake, Abeokuta, Nigeria omu ka y'Abakristaayo ey'obuzaare bw'Abayoruba. Akaba ari owa kabiri omu baana mushanju[a] ba Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, omuheereza w'Abakuristayo kandi mukuru w'eishomero kuruga omu ruganda rw'obugabe orwa Isara-Remo[<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1988 Gibbs 1988], pp.&#x20;526.</ref> hamwe na Grace Soyinka (née Jenkins-Harrison), omushubuuzi kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe kuruga omu ruganda rwa Ransome-Kuti.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFMaduakor1986 Maduakor 1986], pp.&#x20;227.</ref> Nyina Grace hamwe n'ab'eka ye, aba Ransome-Kutis, bakaba bari ab'eka y'amaani omuri Nigeria<ref>Staff writer (9 May 2014). "[https://businessday.ng/family-and-relationships/article/great-dynasties-the-ransome-kutis/ Great Dynasties:The Ransome-Kutis]". ''[[:en:BusinessDay_(Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> abarikugambwaho nk'ekigarukwamu kya Nigeria aha ka ya Kennedy omuri United States. Owaabatandikireho, omusesorodooti w'Abakuristaayo J. J. Ransome-Kuti, akaba ari omuntu w'okubanza omu ihanga rye omu by'okushohoza ebyeshongoro omu myaka ya 1920.<ref>Sansom, Ian. "[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/11/fela-kuti-great-dynasties-ian-sansom Great Dynasties: The Ransome-Kutis]". ''theguardian.com''. Retrieved 17 January 2026.</ref> Kuruga 1940 kuhistya 1946, Soyinka akaba naashoma aha St. Peters Primary School, ahu ishe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eishomero.<ref>"[https://guardian.ng/art/genius-of-the-unconventional-and-the-patterning-of-dualities-wole-soyinkas-early-childhood-part-3/ Genius of the unconventional and the patterning of dualities: Wole Soyinka's early childhood]". ''T[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|he Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akashomera siniya ye Abeokuta Grammar School kandi okushoma kwe okw'okweteekateekyera Yunivasite aha Government College, Ibadan kuruga 1946 kuhisya 1951.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/soyinka-wole-1934/ Wole Soyinka (1934- )]". ''[[:en:BlackPast.org|BlackPast.org]]''. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akaheebwa omwanya omu University College Ibadan, ahu yaashomire ebyahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza, Orugriika, hamwe n'ebyafaayo by'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kuruga 1952 kuhisya 1954.<ref name=":1">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola 2021], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Omu myaka ye y'ahamuheru omu yunivasite, akahandiika omuzaano mugufu aha reediyo, Keffi's Birthday Treat, ogwashohwire omu Kwamushanju 1954 kuruga omu kitongore kya Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1980 Gibbs 1980], p.&#x20;21.</ref> Hamwe n'abeegi bagyenzi be otwariiremu Olumuyiwa Awẹ, Ralph Opara, Aig-Imoukhuede, na Pius Olegbe, akatandikaho ekibiina ekirikwetwa National Association of Seadogs, ekibiina ky'okubanza omuri Nigeria.<ref name=":1" /> Soyinka akafuruka kuruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza omuri 1954 kugumizamu n'emishomo ye omu byahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza aha Yunivasite ya Leeds arikureebererwa G. Wilson Knight.<ref>''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFEncyclopedia_Britannica2024 Encyclopedia Britannica]'' 2024.</ref> Okusharamu kw'okushoma aheeru y'eihanga omu bwire obwo obu okushoma diguri ya kabiri kyabaire kitarikubaho omuri Ibadan kikaba kiri kurabira omuri Joyce M. Green, omukazi Omungyereza owaizire omu University College, Ibadan kuruga Cambridge omuri 1950, kandi owaabaire ari omwe aha beegyesa ba Soyinka kandi owaabaire amuhaire ekihandiiko kirungi eky'okumugambaho omuri Leeds.<ref>Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi (28 July 2019). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/soyinkas-early-romance-with-england-1954-1959-a-cold-chapter-for-an-anti-form-rebel-part-1/ Soyinka's early romance with England 1954-1959: A cold chapter for an anti-form rebel]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 8 January 2026.</ref> Aha yunivasite ya Leeds, akaheereza nk'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka yunivasite akarikushetsya, The Eagle, omuri ako yaahandiika ekicweka aha magara g'eby'okushoma. Omu Kwamunaana 1955, akatandika kukwata ebyeshongoro aha BBC Lecture kandi yaahandiika ebitebyo bigufu nyingi. Omuri 1957, akasingura empaka z'okugamba ezirikubaho buri mwaka ezirikuteebwaho Yunivasite.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFLindfors1974 Lindfors 1974], pp.&#x20;471–486.</ref> == Emirimo == === 1957–1967: Omurimo gwe gw'okubanza === Soyinka akaguma omuri Leeds bwanyima y'okutunga diguri ye eya BA honours omu Rungyereza omuri 1957.<ref name=":2" /> Omu 1957, akatandika kuhandiika emizaano ye ey'okubanza, ''Swamp Dwellers'' na ''The Lion and the Jewel''. Soyinka akaza London kandi yaakora nk'omushomi w'emizaano aha Royal Court Theatre. Akebembera ekibiina kya Nigerian Drama Group ekyakozire The Swamp Dwellers omuri 1958. Omu bwire obwo, emizaano ye ebiri ekazaanwa omuri Ibadan, Nigeria. Omuri 1957, omuzaano gwe, The Invention, gukashohozibwa aha Royal Court Theatre omuri London, kandi gukaba guri omurimo gwe gw'okubanza aha.<ref>"Wole Soyinka". ''African Biography''. Detroit, MI: Gale (published 2 December 2006). 1999. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-2823-9|978-0-7876-2823-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akahandiika ebyevugo, otwariiremu "''The Immigrant''" hamwe na "''My Next Door Neighbour''", ebyareebekire omuri Black Orpheus. Omuri 1959, Soyinka akagaruka Nigeria bwanyima y'okutunga obuhwezi bwa Rockefeller Research Fellowship ahabw'okucondooza kwe aha by'emizaano ya Afirika. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe omwaka nigwo gumwe, akaza omu mwanya gwa Janheinz Jahn nk'omwe ahabahandiiki babiri bakuru ba Black Orpheus.<ref>Jacobs, Alan. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/trials-brother-jero The Trials Of Brother Jero]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu 1960, akamara omuzaano gwe ogwa reediyo Camwood on the Leaves, kandi n'omuzaano gwe ''The Trials of Brother Jero'' gukatongozibwa omu Mellanby Hall residence of University College Ibadan omu Kwakana 1960. Akakora ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Mask omu myaka ya 1960. Omuzaano gwe ogwa A Dance of The Forest, gukatongozibwa nk'omuzaano gw'eizooba ry'okwetegyeka kwa Nigeria, kandi ebiro 1 Okwaikumi 1960, gukatongozibwa omuri Lagos.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[[:en:BlackPast.org|Wole Soyinka (1934- )". ''BlackPast.org'']]. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Omuzaano gwa Soyinka ogw'okubanza ogurikwetwa My Father's Burden, gukaba nigwebemberwa Olusegun Olusola kandi gukaba nigworekwa aha Western Nigeria Television ebiro 6 Okwamunaana 1960.<ref>Uzoatu, Uzor Maxim (5 October 2013). "[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/146108-essential-soyinka-timeline-uzor-maxim-uzoatu.html The Essential Soyinka Timeline]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref> Omu 1962, Soyinka akahandiika ebihandiiko birikurwanirira okushoma n'okuhandiika omuri Nigeria omu bwire obwo otwariiremu "Death of the King's Horsemen" hamwe na "Towards a True Theater", ebyashohoziibwe omu Transition Magazine.<ref>Amayi, Zakayo (22 June 2013). "[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/standard-entertainment/article/2000086475/soyinkas-grumpy-battles-to-defend-literary-legacy Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's grumpy battles to defend literary legacy]". Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa aha Obafemi Awolowo University omuri Ifẹ. Omu 1963, firimu ye y'okubanza, Culture in Transition, ekashohozibwa. Soyinka akarekura omurimo gwe aha Yunivasite omuri 1964, nk'okwesharinga ahabw'emitwarize y'okushagika gavumenti eyateirweho ab'obushoborozi. Akagira ngu ab'obushoborozi omu yunivasite bakakwatanisa eitendekyero n'obutegyeki bwa Samuel Ladoke Akintola obwabaire butarikukundwa. Omu bwire obwo, akakora The Lion and the Jewel<ref>"[https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/critical-responses-to-african-theatre-wole-soyinkas-the-lion-and-the-jewel-by-professor-martin-banham/ Critical Responses to African Theatre: Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel by Professor Martin Banham | Black Plays Archive]". ''www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> omu siizoni y'emizaano omu Rungyereza na Yoruba hamwe n'okutandikaho The Orisun Theatre Company, guruupu ya theatre. Omu 1965, akakora omuzaano gwa gurikujumirira emitwarize mibi omungyeru erikushestya, ''Before the Blackout''.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/african-theatre-soyinka/ Review of African Theatre Soyinka: Blackout, Blowout and Beyond | Centre for African Studies (LUCAS)]". ''lucas.leeds.ac.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuzano gwe, Kongi's Harvest, gukatandika omu Kwamunaana omuri Lagos. Ebiro 14 September 1965, omuzaano gwe The Road gukatandika kworekwa omuri London aha Commonwealth Arts Festival hamwe na Theatre Royal Stratford East. Soyinka akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa mukuru aha Yunivasite ya Lagos. Juba, ekitabo kye ekisya The Interpreters kikashohozibwa André Deutsch omuri London. Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akakomwa omurundi gw'okubanza, yaajunaanwa okukwata reediyo aha mbundu akahindura akatambi k'ebigambo by'enganzi y'ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba n'akatambi akarikujunaana okwiba akaruuru. Akarekurwa bwanyima y'ameezi agamwe g'okukomwa ahabw'okwesharinga kw'abantu b'ensi yoona abahandiiki. Akahandiika n'ekitabo The Detainee, omuzaano gwa reediyo ogwashohozibwe BBC omuri London.<ref>Ezugwu, Obinna (19 July 2021). "[https://hallmarknews.com/salute-to-kongi-at-87/ Salute To Kongi At 87]". ''hallmarknews.com''. Retrieved 13 August 2022.</ref> === 1966–1968: Orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria === Bwanyima y'okuba Mukuru w'ekibiina ky'emizaano aha Yunivasite ya Ibadan, Soyinka akatandika kwejumba omu by'obutegyeki. Bwanyima y'amahe okuhamba obutegyeki omu kwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1966, akabugana omu kihama Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, gavana w'amahe ow'amashuuma g'oburugwa izooba bwa Nigeria omu kugyezaho okuzibira orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria.<ref>"[https://howng.com/professor-wole-soyinka-full-biographylife-and-news/ Professor Wole Soyinka Full Biography, Life And News]". ''howng.com''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Akaza n'omuri Ẹnugu, ahu yabugaine mugyenzi we Omuyoruba, Victor Banjọ, orikukora na gavumenti ya Biafra. Soyinka, owaashabire obushagiki bw'abeebembezi b'amahe omu kicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, akahitsya obutumwa bwa Banjo ahari Lieutenant Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo, owaabaire atoorainwe nk'omuduumizi w'amahe g'omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba. Omumwebazyo gw'akana, Soyinka agarukire omu mahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, amahe ga Biafra gakatahirira ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Bwanyima y'okutwara oburengyerwa-izooba, Soyinka akabugana Obasanjo kumugambira ekigyendererwa ky'Ababiafra ahabwokuba Obasanjo akaba yaacwiremu kwegaita aha gavumenti ya Nigeria. Kwonka okutahirira kwa Biafra ahagati yóburegyerwa eizooba kikarugamu okuhoorera okwakozirwe amahe ga gavumenti eya federo, kandi orutaro rw'omunda rukatandika. Obasanjo akashoboorora gavumenti ya Nigeria orukiiko rwe na Soyinka, yarangirira Soyinka nk'omuheekyera, n'ahabw'ekyo akakwatwa ab'obushoborozi bwa federo kandi yaakomwa kumara emyezi 22.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/07/27/wole.soyinka/index.html Wole Soyinka: Nigeria's Nobel Laureate]". ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. 1 August 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2026.</ref> Akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi n'byevugo arikujuumirira gavumenti ya Nigeria obu yaabaire ari omu kihome.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (2006), ''You Must Set Forth at Dawn'', p. 6.</ref> Omu kutandika kwa 1967, ebihandiiko bye Kongi’s Harvest na Idanre and Other Poems bikashohozibwa.<ref>"[https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/engp06/chapter/wole-soyinka-kongis-harvest/ Wole Soyinka, Kongi's Harvest – African & Caribbean Writing in English]". ''ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Ari na Tom Stoppard, akatunga ekirabo kya John Whiting omuri London. Akatooranwa kuba mukuru w'eishomero rya Drama, Yunivasite ya Ibadan kwonka akaremwa kutwara entebe egyo ahabw'okubohwa omu kwezi kwa munaana. N'obu araabe yaabaire ari omu kihome, omuzaano gwe ogurikwetwa The Lion and The Jewel gukagumizamu gwashohozibwa omuri Accra, Ghana omu Kwamwenda 1967. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Strong Breed bikashohozibwa aba Off-Broadway omu Greenwich Mews Theatre omuri New York City. Omuri 1968, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Jock Campbell-New Statesman Award. Ekibiina kya Negro Ensemble Company kikashohoza Kongi's Harvest aha St. Mark's Theatre, New York.<ref>"[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,838330,00.html Theater: Kongi's Harvest]". ''Time''. 26 April 1968. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X 0040-781X]. Retrieved 7 May 2022.</ref> Akavunuura D. O. Fagunwa's Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irunmale kuruga omu rurimi rwa Yoruba kuza omu Rungyereza. Kikashohozibwa nka The Forest of a Thousand Demons: A Hunter's Saga. === Okurekurwa n'okushohoza ebitabo. === Omu Okwaikumi 1969, emyezi mikye erikuburayo orutaro rw'omunda rukahwa, okusaasira kukarangirirwa, Soyinka hamwe n'abandi basibe b'eby'obutegyeki barekurwa.<ref>PEN America (16 April 2012). "[https://pen.org/case-histories-wole-soyinka/ Case Histories: Wole Soyinka]". ''PEN America''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omu myezi mikye y'okubanza bwanyima y'okurekurwa kwe, Soyinka akaguma aha faamu ya munywani we omu mashuuma ga Bufaransa, ahu yaasherwire kuhuumuraho wenka. Akahandiika The Bacchae of Euripides (1969), ekihandiiko kihindwiremu kushushana enfumu ya Pentheus.<ref name=":3">Killam and Rowe (eds), ''The Companion to African Literature'' (2000), p. 276.</ref> Kandi akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebyevugo omuri London, kikwetwa Poems from Prison. Aha muheru gw'omwaka, akagaruka omu ofiisi ye nk'orikukurira eby'emizaano omuri Ibadan.<ref name=":5">"[https://dailytrust.com/things-to-know-about-prof-wole-soyinka-at-89/ Things To Know About Prof Wole Soyinka At 89]". ''[[:en:Daily_Trust|Daily Trust]]''. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omu 1970, akashohoza omuzaano Kongi's Harvest, kandi omu bwire bumwe akaguhindura nk'omuzaano gwa firimu gw'eiziina niryo rimwe, Kongi's Harvest. Omu Kwamukaaga 1970, akamara omuzaano ogundi, ogurikwetwa Madmen and Specialists.<ref>Ajeluorou, Anote (25 July 2015). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/periscoping-a-senseless-war-in-madmen-and-specialists/ Periscoping A Senseless War In Madmen And Specialists]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</ref> Arikukoragana n'ekibiina ky'abazaani 15 ba Ibadan University Theatre Art Company, akagyenda United States, kureeba Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center omuri Waterford, Connecticut, ahu omuzaano gwe oguyabaire ahererukurieyo kuhandiika gwayorekirwe omurundi gwokubanza.[citation needed] Omu 1971, ekitabo kye ky'ebyevugo ekya A Shuttle in the Crypt kikashohozibwa. Madmen and Specialists kikashohozibwa omuri Ibadan omwaka ogwo.<ref>Lee, Christopher J. (25 March 2020). "[http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/reading-wole-soyinka-s-madmen-and-specialists-time-pandemic Reading Wole Soyinka's 'Madmen and Specialists' in a Time of Pandemic]". ''Warscapes''.</ref> Omu Kwakana 1971, ahabw'okwerarikirira aha mbeera y'eby'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria, Soyinka akarekura emirimo ye aha Yunivasite omuri Ibadan, kandi yaatandika emyaka mingi ayetwaire omubuzaahe. kuza omu buzaahe.<ref name=":6">Adegbamigbe, Ademola (13 July 2019). "[https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/07/13/soyinka-at-85-why-i-detained-him-for-2-years-during-civil-war-yakubu-gowon/ Soyinka at 85: 'Why I Detained Him for 2 Years During the Civil War' - Yakubu Gowon]". ''The NEWS''. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</ref> Soyinka akagyenda omuri Paris, Bufaransa, kutwara omurimo gw'okuzaana nka Patrice Lumumba, mukuru w'eihanga w'okubanza rya Repubulika ya Kongo owaisirwe, omu muzaano ogwashohozibwe Joan Littlewood omu kwakataano 1971 ogurikwetwa Murderous Angels, omuzaano gwa Conor Cruise O'Brien ogwabaire nigukwata aha buremeezi bwa Kongo.<ref name=":4">Gibbs, James. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/soyinka-wole-13-july-1934 Soyinka, Wole 1934–]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 September 2021. (Updated by [[:en:Tanure_Ojaide|Tanure Ojaide]].)</ref><ref>[[:en:Biodun_Jeyifo|Jeyifo, Biodun]] (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nwhlgrVqvYkC&q=%22Murderous+Angels%22%3D&pg=PR27 Chronology]". ''Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, and Postcolonialism''. Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;xxvii. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139439084|9781139439084]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri Paris, ebicweka kuruga omu muzaano gwa Soyinka ogurikumanywa munonga The Dance of The Forests bikazaanwa.<ref>Adenekan, Sulaiman (2016). "[https://www.tradenewswire.net/the-pride-of-africa-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-clocks-85-years-serving-humanity-poetically/ The Pride of Africa: Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka clocks 85 years serving humanity poeticall]y". ''Trade Newswire''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Omu 1972, ekitabo kye Season of Anomy hamwe na Collected Plays byona bikashohozibwa Oxford University Press. Ekihandiiko kye ky'ebirikumukwataho ekya The Man Died, ekirikurundaana ebi yaahandiikire omu kihome, nakyo kikashohozibwa omwaka ogwo.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/biographical/ Wole Soyinka | Biographical]", The Nobel Prize, 1986.</ref> Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Honoris Causa doctorate kuruga omu Yunivasite ya Leeds omuri 1973.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/honorary-degree/ Honorary Degree]", Leeds ''African Studies Bulletin'' 19 (November 1973), pp. 1–2. [Professor Soyinka receiving the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from the Chancellor, HRH the Duchess of Kent, on Thursday 17 May 1973 – image from 'Nobel Prize for Leeds Graduate', ''The Reporter'' (the University of Leeds), 258, 24 October 1986.]</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, National Theatre, London, ekashaba kandi yaatongoza omuzaano The Bacchae of Euripides,<ref name=":3" /> kandi emizaano ye Camwood on the Leaves na Jero's Metamorphosis nayo ekaba eri ey'okubanza kushohozibwa. Akamara omwaka gumwe nk'omugyenyi aha Churchill College, Cambridge<ref>Gumbel, Andrew (3 November 2005). "[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/03/theatre3 Wole Soyinka on how he came to write Death and the King's Horseman]". ''The Guardian''.</ref> (1973–74)<ref name=":4" /> kandi yaahandiika Death and the King's Horseman, ekyashomirwe omurundi gw'okubanza aha Churchill College.<ref name=":5" /> Omu 1974, Oxford University Press ekashohoza Soyinka's Collected Plays, Volume II. Akateeraho hamwe ekitabo kya 1975 Poems of Black Africa, ekyashohoziibwe nka kimwe ahakicweka kya Heinemann African Writers Series.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JtqywAEACAAJ Poems of Black Africa]'', Heinemann African Writers Series, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]. <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780435901714|9780435901714]]</bdi>.</ref> Kandi omuri 1975, Soyinka akakuzibwa yaaza aha ntebe y'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka Transition Magazine, akaabaire nikashangwa omu kibuga ekikuru ekya Ghana ekya Accra, ahu yaafurukiire.<ref name=":6" /> Akakoresa ebihandiiko bye omu magaziini kujumirira abo abarikusaasibwa munonga abairaguju (nk'eky'okureeberaho, ekicweka kye "Neo-Tarzanism: Eby'obutegyeki obwa Pseudo-Transition) hamwe n'obutegyeki bw'amahe. Akeesharinga ahabw'obutegyeki bw'amahe obwa Idi Amin omu Uganda. Bwanyima y'empindahinduka omu by'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria hamwe n'okuhenda gavumenti y'amahe eya Gowon omuri 1975, Soyinka akagaruka omu ihanga rye kandi yaagaruka omu mwanya gwe nka mukuru w'okugyeragyeranisa ebyahandiikirwe. omu Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref name=":6" /> === Okushomesa === Kuruga 1975 kuhisya 1999, Soyinka akaheereza nka Purofeesa w'ebitabo ebirikugyeragyeranisibwa aha Obafemi Awolowo University.<ref>Odinaka (31 July 2018). "[https://www.tori.ng/news/102835/the-house-prof-soyinka-lived-in-during-oau-days-tu.html The House Prof. Soyinka Lived In During OAU Days, Turned Into A Campus Museum (Photos)]". ''Tori.ng''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Amerika, akeegyesa aha Cornell University nk'omuhangu wa Goldwin Smith omu kwega aha Afirika hamwe n'eby'emizaano kuruga 1988 kuhisya 1991. Aha Yunivasite ya Emory, akatooranwa nka Robert W. Woodruff Purofeesa w'eby'emikono omuri 1996 kandi atwire ari Purofeesa w'okuhandiika omu Yunivasite ya Nevada, Las Vegas. Soyinka akaheereza scholar-in-residence omu Institute of African American Affairs eya New York University hamwe na Loyola Marymount University omuri Los Angeles, California. Akegyesa n'aha Yunivasite za Cambridge, Oxford, Harvard na Yale. Akaba ari omwegi w'amaani omu kutuura aha Yunivasite ya Duke omuri 2008.<ref>"[https://alumni.duke.edu/magazine/articles/soyinka-stage Soyinka on Stage | Nobel laureate works with student production of his play]". ''Duke Magazine''. No.&#x20;January–February 2011. 31 January 2011. Retrieved 18 April 2021.</ref> Omu Kwaikumi na kubiri 2017, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Europe Theatre Prize omu kicweka kya "Special Prize" category,<ref>Ajibade, Kunle (12 December 2017). "[https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2017/12/12/wole-soyinka-wins-europe-theatre-prize/ Wole Soyinka Wins The Europe Theatre Prize]". ''[[:en:P.M._News|P.M. News]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref><ref>"[https://www.concisenews.global/news/soyinka-wins-2017-the-europe-theatre-prize/ Soyinka Wins 2017 Europe Theatre Prize]". ''Concise News''. 15 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> ekyahairwe omuntu owaabaire "aine ekyayongyeireho omu kuhikiiriza emikoro y'eby'obuhangwa erikureetaho okwetegyereza n'okubagana amagyezi ahagati y'abantu".<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20171225034855/http://www.jamesmurua.com/wole-soyinka-to-receive-europe-theatre-prize-2017/ Wole Soyinka to receive Europe Theatre Prize 2017]". ''James Murua's Literature Blog''. 14 December 2017. Archived from the original on 25 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> Ebiro 1 September 2022, Soyinka akatwara entebe y'okuba Purofeesa w'eby'emizaano aha New York University Abu Dhabi.<ref>"[https://www.wam.ae/en/article/hszrfcet-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-joins-nyu-abu-dhabi Nobel laureate Wole Soyinka joins NYU Abu Dhabi faculty]". Emirates News Agency-WAM. 23 August 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref><ref>"[https://nyuad.nyu.edu/en/academics/divisions/arts-and-humanities/faculty/wole-soyinka.html Wole Soyinka | Arts Professor of Theater]". ''nyuad.nyu.edu''. New York University Abu Dhabi. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref> Omu 1976, akashohoza ekitabo kye ky'ebitebyo Ogun Abibiman, hamwe n'ekitabo ky'ebihandiiko ekiine omutwe Myth, Literature and the African World.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/facts/ The Nobel Prize in Literature 1986]". ''NobelPrize.org''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omuri ebi, Soyinka naashwijuma oburugo bw'oburagwa omu katemba ka Afirika kandi, arikukoresa eby'okureeberaho kuruga omuri Buraaya na Afirika, naagyeragyeranisa kandi akashoboorora eby'obuhangwa. Akaha orubazo rw'omutaano aha itendekyero ry'okushwijuma Afirika aha Yunivasite ya Ghana omuri Legon. Omu Okwaikumi 1976, envunuura ya Bufaransa eya The Dance of The Forests<ref>"[https://abjournals.org/ajchrt/papers/volume-8/issue-1/ghost-dirge-and-the-forest-dance-in-soyinkas-metathysical-play-a-dance-of-the-forests/ Ghost, Dirge and the Forest Dance in Soyinka's Metaphysical Play "A Dance of the Forests]". ''African Journal of Culture, History, Religion and Traditions (AJCHRT)''. 24 November 2024. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> ekazaanwa omuri Dakar. Omu 1977, Opera Wọnyọsi, okuhindura kwe okw'omuzzano gwa Bertolt Brecht, T''he Threepenny Opera'', gukazaanira omuri Ibadan. Omu 1979, Soyinka akebembera kandi yazaana omu muzaano gwa Jon Blair na Norman Fenton ogurikwetwa The Biko Inquest, omzaano ogurikwegamira aha magara ga Steve Biko, omwegi wa South Africa kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe bw'abantu owaateirwe akafa ahabwa pooriisi y'omuri South Africa eyabaire neekuratira engyenderwaho y'okushoroora omu bantu.<ref name=":4" /> Omu 1981 Soyinka akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebirikumukwataho Aké: The Years of Childhood, ekyasingire ekirabo kya 1983 Anisfield-Wolf Book Award.<ref>"[https://www.anisfield-wolf.org/winners/ake-the-years-of-childhood/ Winners: 1983 Nonfiction – Ake]". ''Anisfield-Wolf Book Awards''. Retrieved 9 April 2021.</ref> Soyinka akagumizamu yaatandikaho ekibiina ekindi eky'emizaano, ekya Guerrilla Unit, ekyasherwire kwejumba butunu n'abantu b'omubyaro. Ekigyendererwa kyayo kikaba kiri okubahwera kuteekateeka aha buremeezi bwabo n'okuha eiraka okwetomboitwa kwabo kurabira omu kukora emizaano migufu. Omu 1983, omuzaano gwe Requiem for a Futurologist gukaba guri omuzaano gwagwo gw'okubanza aha Yunivasite ya Ife. Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omwaka ogwo, emwe aha purogyekiti ze z'ebyeshongoro, ekitongore kya Unlimited Liability Company, kikashohoza akatambi k'okweshongora akarikwetwa I Love My Country, ahu abeeshongozi ba Nigeria abarikumanywa baazaaniire ebyeshongoro ebyahandiikirwe Soyinka. Omu 1984, akakora firimu Blues for a Prodigal, eyayorekirwe aha Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref>Gibbs, James (1985). "[https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/03064228508533902 Wole Soyinka's film banned]". ''[[:en:Index_on_Censorship|Index on Censorship]]''. '''14''' (3): 41. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1080/03064228508533902|10.1080/03064228508533902]]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:220929276 220929276] &#x2013; via [[:en:SAGE_Publishing|SAGE Publishing]].</ref> A Play of Giants ekorekwa omwaka nigwo gumwe.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (1984). ''[https://books.google.com.ng/books/about/A_Play_of_Giants.html?id=H3NuQgAACAAJ&redir_esc=y A Play of Giants]''. Methuen. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-413-55290-7|978-0-413-55290-7]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu myaka 1975–84, Soyinka akaba aine amaani omu by'obutegyeki. Aha Yunivasite ya Ife, emirimo ye y'obwebembezi ekaba erimu eby'okwerinda enguuto za gavumenti. == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == 32sedmstvy16y5gec6d1mm1exni8b8x 7256391 7256385 2026-07-20T09:55:33Z Rooth N 2608660 7256391 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wp/nyn]] '''Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola] 2021, p.&#x20;34.</ref>''', a'''kazaarwa 13 Okwamushanju 1934) n'omuhandiiki Omunigeria, w'emizaano, kandi omuhandiiki w'ebitabo. Akahandiika ebitabo bishatu, by'ebitabo by'emigane mikye eikumi, ebitabo mushanju by'ebyevugo, ebitabo by'emizaano abiri na bitaano, hamwe n'ebitabo bitaano by'ebirikumukwataho.<ref name=":2">Gibbs, James (1986). ''Wole Soyinka''. Basingstoke: [[:en:Macmillan_Publishers|Macmillan]]. p.&#x20;3. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780333305287|9780333305287]]</bdi>.</ref> Ahandiikire ebitabo bibiri ebivunwirwe hamwe n'ebicweka bingi hamwe n'ebitebyo bikye bikye by'okuhandiikisa empapura z'amakuru hamwe n'ebitabo by'obwire bukye. Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel eky'omwaka 1986 omu by'obuhangwa ahabw'okugira ngu akaba naashwijuma "ebintu bingi ebirikukwata aha buhangwa hamwe n'orurimi rw'okwevuga ahabirikukwata aha kubaho kw'abantu".<ref>Abdullahi, Idowu (11 October 2024). "[https://punchng.com/nobel-laureate-award-exposed-me-to-danger-wole-soyinka/ Nobel Laureate award exposed me to danger]". ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Akazaarwa omu ka y'Abakurisitaayo Abayoruba omuri Aké, Abeokuta.<ref>"[https://dawncommission.org/professor-wole-soyinka/ Professor Wole Soyinka – DAWN Commission]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref><ref name=":0">"[https://wolesoyinkalecture.org/about-wole-soyinka-2/ About Wole Soyinka]". ''Wole Soyinka Lecture Series''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Soyinka akatunga obwegyese obw'okumutebeekanisa aha Government College, Ibadan kandi yaagyenda aha University College Ibadan. Omu bwire bw'obwegyese bwe, akatandikaho ekibiina kya Pyrate Confraternity.<ref name=":0" /> Soyinka akaruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza kwega aha Yunivasite ya Leeds. Omu bwire obwo, niwe yaabaire ari omuhandiiki w'akatabo ka yunivasite, The Eagle, atakabaire muhandiiki ow'obutwire omu myaka ya 1950.<ref>"[https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/wole-soyinka/ Wole Soyinka – Narrative Landscape Press]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Bungyereza, akatandika kuhandiika ebitebyo bigufu n'okukora ebihandiiko aha BBC Lecture series. Akahandiika emizaano mingi eyazaanairwe aha reediyo hamwe n'omu myanya y'emizaano omuri Nigeria hamwe na Bungyereza, okukira munonga Royal Court Theatre.<ref>"[https://livingarchive.royalcourttheatre.com/black-plays-1960s/ Black Plays 1960s]". ''Royal Court - Living Archive''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Ebitabo bya Soyinka bingi hamwe n'emizaano ye, nibiteebwaho omuri Nigeria, ekirikworeka ebyafaayo by'eihanga eryo, eby'obuhangwa, hamwe n'oburemeezi bw'eby'obutegyeki. Oyihireho emirimo egi, akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi ebirikujumiirira emitwarize mibi y'abantu omungyeri erikushetsya. Ebihandiiko ebi bikajanjaara omu bantu baingi kandi byakundwa munonga. Atungire obusinguzi n'emizaano ye, otwariiremu The Swamp Dwellers (1958), The Lion and the Jewel (1959), na The Invention (1957), omuzaano gumwe ahayabandize, ogwakoriirwe aha Royal Court Theatre. Soyinka ahandiikire ebitabo bingi, otwariiremu The Interpreters (1965), Season of Anomy (1973), Death and the King's Horseman, Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth (2021), na Harmattan Haze on an African Spring (2012). Omu Kwamushanju 2024, Bola Tinubu akahindura eiziina ry'ekishengye ky'emizaano ekya National Arts Theatre ahanyima ya Soyinka aha mazaarwa ge ag'emyaka 90. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Soyinka akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju 1934 omuri Ake, Abeokuta, Nigeria omu ka y'Abakristaayo ey'obuzaare bw'Abayoruba. Akaba ari owa kabiri omu baana mushanju[a] ba Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, omuheereza w'Abakuristayo kandi mukuru w'eishomero kuruga omu ruganda rw'obugabe orwa Isara-Remo[<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1988 Gibbs 1988], pp.&#x20;526.</ref> hamwe na Grace Soyinka (née Jenkins-Harrison), omushubuuzi kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe kuruga omu ruganda rwa Ransome-Kuti.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFMaduakor1986 Maduakor 1986], pp.&#x20;227.</ref> Nyina Grace hamwe n'ab'eka ye, aba Ransome-Kutis, bakaba bari ab'eka y'amaani omuri Nigeria<ref>Staff writer (9 May 2014). "[https://businessday.ng/family-and-relationships/article/great-dynasties-the-ransome-kutis/ Great Dynasties:The Ransome-Kutis]". ''[[:en:BusinessDay_(Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> abarikugambwaho nk'ekigarukwamu kya Nigeria aha ka ya Kennedy omuri United States. Owaabatandikireho, omusesorodooti w'Abakuristaayo J. J. Ransome-Kuti, akaba ari omuntu w'okubanza omu ihanga rye omu by'okushohoza ebyeshongoro omu myaka ya 1920.<ref>Sansom, Ian. "[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/11/fela-kuti-great-dynasties-ian-sansom Great Dynasties: The Ransome-Kutis]". ''theguardian.com''. Retrieved 17 January 2026.</ref> Kuruga 1940 kuhistya 1946, Soyinka akaba naashoma aha St. Peters Primary School, ahu ishe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eishomero.<ref>"[https://guardian.ng/art/genius-of-the-unconventional-and-the-patterning-of-dualities-wole-soyinkas-early-childhood-part-3/ Genius of the unconventional and the patterning of dualities: Wole Soyinka's early childhood]". ''T[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|he Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akashomera siniya ye Abeokuta Grammar School kandi okushoma kwe okw'okweteekateekyera Yunivasite aha Government College, Ibadan kuruga 1946 kuhisya 1951.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/soyinka-wole-1934/ Wole Soyinka (1934- )]". ''[[:en:BlackPast.org|BlackPast.org]]''. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akaheebwa omwanya omu University College Ibadan, ahu yaashomire ebyahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza, Orugriika, hamwe n'ebyafaayo by'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kuruga 1952 kuhisya 1954.<ref name=":1">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola 2021], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Omu myaka ye y'ahamuheru omu yunivasite, akahandiika omuzaano mugufu aha reediyo, Keffi's Birthday Treat, ogwashohwire omu Kwamushanju 1954 kuruga omu kitongore kya Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1980 Gibbs 1980], p.&#x20;21.</ref> Hamwe n'abeegi bagyenzi be otwariiremu Olumuyiwa Awẹ, Ralph Opara, Aig-Imoukhuede, na Pius Olegbe, akatandikaho ekibiina ekirikwetwa National Association of Seadogs, ekibiina ky'okubanza omuri Nigeria.<ref name=":1" /> Soyinka akafuruka kuruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza omuri 1954 kugumizamu n'emishomo ye omu byahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza aha Yunivasite ya Leeds arikureebererwa G. Wilson Knight.<ref>''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFEncyclopedia_Britannica2024 Encyclopedia Britannica]'' 2024.</ref> Okusharamu kw'okushoma aheeru y'eihanga omu bwire obwo obu okushoma diguri ya kabiri kyabaire kitarikubaho omuri Ibadan kikaba kiri kurabira omuri Joyce M. Green, omukazi Omungyereza owaizire omu University College, Ibadan kuruga Cambridge omuri 1950, kandi owaabaire ari omwe aha beegyesa ba Soyinka kandi owaabaire amuhaire ekihandiiko kirungi eky'okumugambaho omuri Leeds.<ref>Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi (28 July 2019). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/soyinkas-early-romance-with-england-1954-1959-a-cold-chapter-for-an-anti-form-rebel-part-1/ Soyinka's early romance with England 1954-1959: A cold chapter for an anti-form rebel]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 8 January 2026.</ref> Aha yunivasite ya Leeds, akaheereza nk'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka yunivasite akarikushetsya, The Eagle, omuri ako yaahandiika ekicweka aha magara g'eby'okushoma. Omu Kwamunaana 1955, akatandika kukwata ebyeshongoro aha BBC Lecture kandi yaahandiika ebitebyo bigufu nyingi. Omuri 1957, akasingura empaka z'okugamba ezirikubaho buri mwaka ezirikuteebwaho Yunivasite.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFLindfors1974 Lindfors 1974], pp.&#x20;471–486.</ref> == Emirimo == === 1957–1967: Omurimo gwe gw'okubanza === Soyinka akaguma omuri Leeds bwanyima y'okutunga diguri ye eya BA honours omu Rungyereza omuri 1957.<ref name=":2" /> Omu 1957, akatandika kuhandiika emizaano ye ey'okubanza, ''Swamp Dwellers'' na ''The Lion and the Jewel''. Soyinka akaza London kandi yaakora nk'omushomi w'emizaano aha Royal Court Theatre. Akebembera ekibiina kya Nigerian Drama Group ekyakozire The Swamp Dwellers omuri 1958. Omu bwire obwo, emizaano ye ebiri ekazaanwa omuri Ibadan, Nigeria. Omuri 1957, omuzaano gwe, The Invention, gukashohozibwa aha Royal Court Theatre omuri London, kandi gukaba guri omurimo gwe gw'okubanza aha.<ref>"Wole Soyinka". ''African Biography''. Detroit, MI: Gale (published 2 December 2006). 1999. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-2823-9|978-0-7876-2823-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akahandiika ebyevugo, otwariiremu "''The Immigrant''" hamwe na "''My Next Door Neighbour''", ebyareebekire omuri Black Orpheus. Omuri 1959, Soyinka akagaruka Nigeria bwanyima y'okutunga obuhwezi bwa Rockefeller Research Fellowship ahabw'okucondooza kwe aha by'emizaano ya Afirika. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe omwaka nigwo gumwe, akaza omu mwanya gwa Janheinz Jahn nk'omwe ahabahandiiki babiri bakuru ba Black Orpheus.<ref>Jacobs, Alan. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/trials-brother-jero The Trials Of Brother Jero]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu 1960, akamara omuzaano gwe ogwa reediyo Camwood on the Leaves, kandi n'omuzaano gwe ''The Trials of Brother Jero'' gukatongozibwa omu Mellanby Hall residence of University College Ibadan omu Kwakana 1960. Akakora ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Mask omu myaka ya 1960. Omuzaano gwe ogwa A Dance of The Forest, gukatongozibwa nk'omuzaano gw'eizooba ry'okwetegyeka kwa Nigeria, kandi ebiro 1 Okwaikumi 1960, gukatongozibwa omuri Lagos.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[[:en:BlackPast.org|Wole Soyinka (1934- )". ''BlackPast.org'']]. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Omuzaano gwa Soyinka ogw'okubanza ogurikwetwa My Father's Burden, gukaba nigwebemberwa Olusegun Olusola kandi gukaba nigworekwa aha Western Nigeria Television ebiro 6 Okwamunaana 1960.<ref>Uzoatu, Uzor Maxim (5 October 2013). "[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/146108-essential-soyinka-timeline-uzor-maxim-uzoatu.html The Essential Soyinka Timeline]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref> Omu 1962, Soyinka akahandiika ebihandiiko birikurwanirira okushoma n'okuhandiika omuri Nigeria omu bwire obwo otwariiremu "Death of the King's Horsemen" hamwe na "Towards a True Theater", ebyashohoziibwe omu Transition Magazine.<ref>Amayi, Zakayo (22 June 2013). "[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/standard-entertainment/article/2000086475/soyinkas-grumpy-battles-to-defend-literary-legacy Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's grumpy battles to defend literary legacy]". Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa aha Obafemi Awolowo University omuri Ifẹ. Omu 1963, firimu ye y'okubanza, Culture in Transition, ekashohozibwa. Soyinka akarekura omurimo gwe aha Yunivasite omuri 1964, nk'okwesharinga ahabw'emitwarize y'okushagika gavumenti eyateirweho ab'obushoborozi. Akagira ngu ab'obushoborozi omu yunivasite bakakwatanisa eitendekyero n'obutegyeki bwa Samuel Ladoke Akintola obwabaire butarikukundwa. Omu bwire obwo, akakora The Lion and the Jewel<ref>"[https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/critical-responses-to-african-theatre-wole-soyinkas-the-lion-and-the-jewel-by-professor-martin-banham/ Critical Responses to African Theatre: Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel by Professor Martin Banham | Black Plays Archive]". ''www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> omu siizoni y'emizaano omu Rungyereza na Yoruba hamwe n'okutandikaho The Orisun Theatre Company, guruupu ya theatre. Omu 1965, akakora omuzaano gwa gurikujumirira emitwarize mibi omungyeru erikushestya, ''Before the Blackout''.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/african-theatre-soyinka/ Review of African Theatre Soyinka: Blackout, Blowout and Beyond | Centre for African Studies (LUCAS)]". ''lucas.leeds.ac.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuzano gwe, Kongi's Harvest, gukatandika omu Kwamunaana omuri Lagos. Ebiro 14 September 1965, omuzaano gwe The Road gukatandika kworekwa omuri London aha Commonwealth Arts Festival hamwe na Theatre Royal Stratford East. Soyinka akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa mukuru aha Yunivasite ya Lagos. Juba, ekitabo kye ekisya The Interpreters kikashohozibwa André Deutsch omuri London. Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akakomwa omurundi gw'okubanza, yaajunaanwa okukwata reediyo aha mbundu akahindura akatambi k'ebigambo by'enganzi y'ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba n'akatambi akarikujunaana okwiba akaruuru. Akarekurwa bwanyima y'ameezi agamwe g'okukomwa ahabw'okwesharinga kw'abantu b'ensi yoona abahandiiki. Akahandiika n'ekitabo The Detainee, omuzaano gwa reediyo ogwashohozibwe BBC omuri London.<ref>Ezugwu, Obinna (19 July 2021). "[https://hallmarknews.com/salute-to-kongi-at-87/ Salute To Kongi At 87]". ''hallmarknews.com''. Retrieved 13 August 2022.</ref> === 1966–1968: Orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria === Bwanyima y'okuba Mukuru w'ekibiina ky'emizaano aha Yunivasite ya Ibadan, Soyinka akatandika kwejumba omu by'obutegyeki. Bwanyima y'amahe okuhamba obutegyeki omu kwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1966, akabugana omu kihama Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, gavana w'amahe ow'amashuuma g'oburugwa izooba bwa Nigeria omu kugyezaho okuzibira orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria.<ref>"[https://howng.com/professor-wole-soyinka-full-biographylife-and-news/ Professor Wole Soyinka Full Biography, Life And News]". ''howng.com''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Akaza n'omuri Ẹnugu, ahu yabugaine mugyenzi we Omuyoruba, Victor Banjọ, orikukora na gavumenti ya Biafra. Soyinka, owaashabire obushagiki bw'abeebembezi b'amahe omu kicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, akahitsya obutumwa bwa Banjo ahari Lieutenant Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo, owaabaire atoorainwe nk'omuduumizi w'amahe g'omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba. Omumwebazyo gw'akana, Soyinka agarukire omu mahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, amahe ga Biafra gakatahirira ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Bwanyima y'okutwara oburengyerwa-izooba, Soyinka akabugana Obasanjo kumugambira ekigyendererwa ky'Ababiafra ahabwokuba Obasanjo akaba yaacwiremu kwegaita aha gavumenti ya Nigeria. Kwonka okutahirira kwa Biafra ahagati yóburegyerwa eizooba kikarugamu okuhoorera okwakozirwe amahe ga gavumenti eya federo, kandi orutaro rw'omunda rukatandika. Obasanjo akashoboorora gavumenti ya Nigeria orukiiko rwe na Soyinka, yarangirira Soyinka nk'omuheekyera, n'ahabw'ekyo akakwatwa ab'obushoborozi bwa federo kandi yaakomwa kumara emyezi 22.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/07/27/wole.soyinka/index.html Wole Soyinka: Nigeria's Nobel Laureate]". ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. 1 August 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2026.</ref> Akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi n'byevugo arikujuumirira gavumenti ya Nigeria obu yaabaire ari omu kihome.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (2006), ''You Must Set Forth at Dawn'', p. 6.</ref> Omu kutandika kwa 1967, ebihandiiko bye Kongi’s Harvest na Idanre and Other Poems bikashohozibwa.<ref>"[https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/engp06/chapter/wole-soyinka-kongis-harvest/ Wole Soyinka, Kongi's Harvest – African & Caribbean Writing in English]". ''ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Ari na Tom Stoppard, akatunga ekirabo kya John Whiting omuri London. Akatooranwa kuba mukuru w'eishomero rya Drama, Yunivasite ya Ibadan kwonka akaremwa kutwara entebe egyo ahabw'okubohwa omu kwezi kwa munaana. N'obu araabe yaabaire ari omu kihome, omuzaano gwe ogurikwetwa The Lion and The Jewel gukagumizamu gwashohozibwa omuri Accra, Ghana omu Kwamwenda 1967. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Strong Breed bikashohozibwa aba Off-Broadway omu Greenwich Mews Theatre omuri New York City. Omuri 1968, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Jock Campbell-New Statesman Award. Ekibiina kya Negro Ensemble Company kikashohoza Kongi's Harvest aha St. Mark's Theatre, New York.<ref>"[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,838330,00.html Theater: Kongi's Harvest]". ''Time''. 26 April 1968. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X 0040-781X]. Retrieved 7 May 2022.</ref> Akavunuura D. O. Fagunwa's Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irunmale kuruga omu rurimi rwa Yoruba kuza omu Rungyereza. Kikashohozibwa nka The Forest of a Thousand Demons: A Hunter's Saga. === Okurekurwa n'okushohoza ebitabo. === Omu Okwaikumi 1969, emyezi mikye erikuburayo orutaro rw'omunda rukahwa, okusaasira kukarangirirwa, Soyinka hamwe n'abandi basibe b'eby'obutegyeki barekurwa.<ref>PEN America (16 April 2012). "[https://pen.org/case-histories-wole-soyinka/ Case Histories: Wole Soyinka]". ''PEN America''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omu myezi mikye y'okubanza bwanyima y'okurekurwa kwe, Soyinka akaguma aha faamu ya munywani we omu mashuuma ga Bufaransa, ahu yaasherwire kuhuumuraho wenka. Akahandiika The Bacchae of Euripides (1969), ekihandiiko kihindwiremu kushushana enfumu ya Pentheus.<ref name=":3">Killam and Rowe (eds), ''The Companion to African Literature'' (2000), p. 276.</ref> Kandi akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebyevugo omuri London, kikwetwa Poems from Prison. Aha muheru gw'omwaka, akagaruka omu ofiisi ye nk'orikukurira eby'emizaano omuri Ibadan.<ref name=":5">"[https://dailytrust.com/things-to-know-about-prof-wole-soyinka-at-89/ Things To Know About Prof Wole Soyinka At 89]". ''[[:en:Daily_Trust|Daily Trust]]''. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omu 1970, akashohoza omuzaano Kongi's Harvest, kandi omu bwire bumwe akaguhindura nk'omuzaano gwa firimu gw'eiziina niryo rimwe, Kongi's Harvest. Omu Kwamukaaga 1970, akamara omuzaano ogundi, ogurikwetwa Madmen and Specialists.<ref>Ajeluorou, Anote (25 July 2015). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/periscoping-a-senseless-war-in-madmen-and-specialists/ Periscoping A Senseless War In Madmen And Specialists]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</ref> Arikukoragana n'ekibiina ky'abazaani 15 ba Ibadan University Theatre Art Company, akagyenda United States, kureeba Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center omuri Waterford, Connecticut, ahu omuzaano gwe oguyabaire ahererukurieyo kuhandiika gwayorekirwe omurundi gwokubanza.[citation needed] Omu 1971, ekitabo kye ky'ebyevugo ekya A Shuttle in the Crypt kikashohozibwa. Madmen and Specialists kikashohozibwa omuri Ibadan omwaka ogwo.<ref>Lee, Christopher J. (25 March 2020). "[http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/reading-wole-soyinka-s-madmen-and-specialists-time-pandemic Reading Wole Soyinka's 'Madmen and Specialists' in a Time of Pandemic]". ''Warscapes''.</ref> Omu Kwakana 1971, ahabw'okwerarikirira aha mbeera y'eby'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria, Soyinka akarekura emirimo ye aha Yunivasite omuri Ibadan, kandi yaatandika emyaka mingi ayetwaire omubuzaahe. kuza omu buzaahe.<ref name=":6">Adegbamigbe, Ademola (13 July 2019). "[https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/07/13/soyinka-at-85-why-i-detained-him-for-2-years-during-civil-war-yakubu-gowon/ Soyinka at 85: 'Why I Detained Him for 2 Years During the Civil War' - Yakubu Gowon]". ''The NEWS''. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</ref> Soyinka akagyenda omuri Paris, Bufaransa, kutwara omurimo gw'okuzaana nka Patrice Lumumba, mukuru w'eihanga w'okubanza rya Repubulika ya Kongo owaisirwe, omu muzaano ogwashohozibwe Joan Littlewood omu kwakataano 1971 ogurikwetwa Murderous Angels, omuzaano gwa Conor Cruise O'Brien ogwabaire nigukwata aha buremeezi bwa Kongo.<ref name=":4">Gibbs, James. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/soyinka-wole-13-july-1934 Soyinka, Wole 1934–]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 September 2021. (Updated by [[:en:Tanure_Ojaide|Tanure Ojaide]].)</ref><ref>[[:en:Biodun_Jeyifo|Jeyifo, Biodun]] (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nwhlgrVqvYkC&q=%22Murderous+Angels%22%3D&pg=PR27 Chronology]". ''Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, and Postcolonialism''. Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;xxvii. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139439084|9781139439084]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri Paris, ebicweka kuruga omu muzaano gwa Soyinka ogurikumanywa munonga The Dance of The Forests bikazaanwa.<ref>Adenekan, Sulaiman (2016). "[https://www.tradenewswire.net/the-pride-of-africa-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-clocks-85-years-serving-humanity-poetically/ The Pride of Africa: Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka clocks 85 years serving humanity poeticall]y". ''Trade Newswire''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Omu 1972, ekitabo kye Season of Anomy hamwe na Collected Plays byona bikashohozibwa Oxford University Press. Ekihandiiko kye ky'ebirikumukwataho ekya The Man Died, ekirikurundaana ebi yaahandiikire omu kihome, nakyo kikashohozibwa omwaka ogwo.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/biographical/ Wole Soyinka | Biographical]", The Nobel Prize, 1986.</ref> Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Honoris Causa doctorate kuruga omu Yunivasite ya Leeds omuri 1973.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/honorary-degree/ Honorary Degree]", Leeds ''African Studies Bulletin'' 19 (November 1973), pp. 1–2. [Professor Soyinka receiving the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from the Chancellor, HRH the Duchess of Kent, on Thursday 17 May 1973 – image from 'Nobel Prize for Leeds Graduate', ''The Reporter'' (the University of Leeds), 258, 24 October 1986.]</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, National Theatre, London, ekashaba kandi yaatongoza omuzaano The Bacchae of Euripides,<ref name=":3" /> kandi emizaano ye Camwood on the Leaves na Jero's Metamorphosis nayo ekaba eri ey'okubanza kushohozibwa. Akamara omwaka gumwe nk'omugyenyi aha Churchill College, Cambridge<ref>Gumbel, Andrew (3 November 2005). "[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/03/theatre3 Wole Soyinka on how he came to write Death and the King's Horseman]". ''The Guardian''.</ref> (1973–74)<ref name=":4" /> kandi yaahandiika Death and the King's Horseman, ekyashomirwe omurundi gw'okubanza aha Churchill College.<ref name=":5" /> Omu 1974, Oxford University Press ekashohoza Soyinka's Collected Plays, Volume II. Akateeraho hamwe ekitabo kya 1975 Poems of Black Africa, ekyashohoziibwe nka kimwe ahakicweka kya Heinemann African Writers Series.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JtqywAEACAAJ Poems of Black Africa]'', Heinemann African Writers Series, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]. <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780435901714|9780435901714]]</bdi>.</ref> Kandi omuri 1975, Soyinka akakuzibwa yaaza aha ntebe y'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka Transition Magazine, akaabaire nikashangwa omu kibuga ekikuru ekya Ghana ekya Accra, ahu yaafurukiire.<ref name=":6" /> Akakoresa ebihandiiko bye omu magaziini kujumirira abo abarikusaasibwa munonga abairaguju (nk'eky'okureeberaho, ekicweka kye "Neo-Tarzanism: Eby'obutegyeki obwa Pseudo-Transition) hamwe n'obutegyeki bw'amahe. Akeesharinga ahabw'obutegyeki bw'amahe obwa Idi Amin omu Uganda. Bwanyima y'empindahinduka omu by'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria hamwe n'okuhenda gavumenti y'amahe eya Gowon omuri 1975, Soyinka akagaruka omu ihanga rye kandi yaagaruka omu mwanya gwe nka mukuru w'okugyeragyeranisa ebyahandiikirwe. omu Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref name=":6" /> === Okushomesa === Kuruga 1975 kuhisya 1999, Soyinka akaheereza nka Purofeesa w'ebitabo ebirikugyeragyeranisibwa aha Obafemi Awolowo University.<ref>Odinaka (31 July 2018). "[https://www.tori.ng/news/102835/the-house-prof-soyinka-lived-in-during-oau-days-tu.html The House Prof. Soyinka Lived In During OAU Days, Turned Into A Campus Museum (Photos)]". ''Tori.ng''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Amerika, akeegyesa aha Cornell University nk'omuhangu wa Goldwin Smith omu kwega aha Afirika hamwe n'eby'emizaano kuruga 1988 kuhisya 1991. Aha Yunivasite ya Emory, akatooranwa nka Robert W. Woodruff Purofeesa w'eby'emikono omuri 1996 kandi atwire ari Purofeesa w'okuhandiika omu Yunivasite ya Nevada, Las Vegas. Soyinka akaheereza scholar-in-residence omu Institute of African American Affairs eya New York University hamwe na Loyola Marymount University omuri Los Angeles, California. Akegyesa n'aha Yunivasite za Cambridge, Oxford, Harvard na Yale. Akaba ari omwegi w'amaani omu kutuura aha Yunivasite ya Duke omuri 2008.<ref>"[https://alumni.duke.edu/magazine/articles/soyinka-stage Soyinka on Stage | Nobel laureate works with student production of his play]". ''Duke Magazine''. No.&#x20;January–February 2011. 31 January 2011. Retrieved 18 April 2021.</ref> Omu Kwaikumi na kubiri 2017, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Europe Theatre Prize omu kicweka kya "Special Prize" category,<ref>Ajibade, Kunle (12 December 2017). "[https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2017/12/12/wole-soyinka-wins-europe-theatre-prize/ Wole Soyinka Wins The Europe Theatre Prize]". ''[[:en:P.M._News|P.M. News]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref><ref>"[https://www.concisenews.global/news/soyinka-wins-2017-the-europe-theatre-prize/ Soyinka Wins 2017 Europe Theatre Prize]". ''Concise News''. 15 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> ekyahairwe omuntu owaabaire "aine ekyayongyeireho omu kuhikiiriza emikoro y'eby'obuhangwa erikureetaho okwetegyereza n'okubagana amagyezi ahagati y'abantu".<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20171225034855/http://www.jamesmurua.com/wole-soyinka-to-receive-europe-theatre-prize-2017/ Wole Soyinka to receive Europe Theatre Prize 2017]". ''James Murua's Literature Blog''. 14 December 2017. Archived from the original on 25 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> Ebiro 1 September 2022, Soyinka akatwara entebe y'okuba Purofeesa w'eby'emizaano aha New York University Abu Dhabi.<ref>"[https://www.wam.ae/en/article/hszrfcet-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-joins-nyu-abu-dhabi Nobel laureate Wole Soyinka joins NYU Abu Dhabi faculty]". Emirates News Agency-WAM. 23 August 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref><ref>"[https://nyuad.nyu.edu/en/academics/divisions/arts-and-humanities/faculty/wole-soyinka.html Wole Soyinka | Arts Professor of Theater]". ''nyuad.nyu.edu''. New York University Abu Dhabi. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref> Omu 1976, akashohoza ekitabo kye ky'ebitebyo Ogun Abibiman, hamwe n'ekitabo ky'ebihandiiko ekiine omutwe Myth, Literature and the African World.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/facts/ The Nobel Prize in Literature 1986]". ''NobelPrize.org''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omuri ebi, Soyinka naashwijuma oburugo bw'oburagwa omu katemba ka Afirika kandi, arikukoresa eby'okureeberaho kuruga omuri Buraaya na Afirika, naagyeragyeranisa kandi akashoboorora eby'obuhangwa. Akaha orubazo rw'omutaano aha itendekyero ry'okushwijuma Afirika aha Yunivasite ya Ghana omuri Legon. Omu Okwaikumi 1976, envunuura ya Bufaransa eya The Dance of The Forests<ref>"[https://abjournals.org/ajchrt/papers/volume-8/issue-1/ghost-dirge-and-the-forest-dance-in-soyinkas-metathysical-play-a-dance-of-the-forests/ Ghost, Dirge and the Forest Dance in Soyinka's Metaphysical Play "A Dance of the Forests]". ''African Journal of Culture, History, Religion and Traditions (AJCHRT)''. 24 November 2024. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> ekazaanwa omuri Dakar. Omu 1977, Opera Wọnyọsi, okuhindura kwe okw'omuzzano gwa Bertolt Brecht, T''he Threepenny Opera'', gukazaanira omuri Ibadan. Omu 1979, Soyinka akebembera kandi yazaana omu muzaano gwa Jon Blair na Norman Fenton ogurikwetwa The Biko Inquest, omzaano ogurikwegamira aha magara ga Steve Biko, omwegi wa South Africa kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe bw'abantu owaateirwe akafa ahabwa pooriisi y'omuri South Africa eyabaire neekuratira engyenderwaho y'okushoroora omu bantu.<ref name=":4" /> Omu 1981 Soyinka akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebirikumukwataho Aké: The Years of Childhood, ekyasingire ekirabo kya 1983 Anisfield-Wolf Book Award.<ref>"[https://www.anisfield-wolf.org/winners/ake-the-years-of-childhood/ Winners: 1983 Nonfiction – Ake]". ''Anisfield-Wolf Book Awards''. Retrieved 9 April 2021.</ref> Soyinka akagumizamu yaatandikaho ekibiina ekindi eky'emizaano, ekya Guerrilla Unit, ekyasherwire kwejumba butunu n'abantu b'omubyaro. Ekigyendererwa kyayo kikaba kiri okubahwera kuteekateeka aha buremeezi bwabo n'okuha eiraka okwetomboitwa kwabo kurabira omu kukora emizaano migufu. Omu 1983, omuzaano gwe Requiem for a Futurologist gukaba guri omuzaano gwagwo gw'okubanza aha Yunivasite ya Ife. Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omwaka ogwo, emwe aha purogyekiti ze z'ebyeshongoro, ekitongore kya Unlimited Liability Company, kikashohoza akatambi k'okweshongora akarikwetwa I Love My Country, ahu abeeshongozi ba Nigeria abarikumanywa baazaaniire ebyeshongoro ebyahandiikirwe Soyinka. Omu 1984, akakora firimu Blues for a Prodigal, eyayorekirwe aha Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref>Gibbs, James (1985). "[https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/03064228508533902 Wole Soyinka's film banned]". ''[[:en:Index_on_Censorship|Index on Censorship]]''. '''14''' (3): 41. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1080/03064228508533902|10.1080/03064228508533902]]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:220929276 220929276] &#x2013; via [[:en:SAGE_Publishing|SAGE Publishing]].</ref> A Play of Giants ekorekwa omwaka nigwo gumwe.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (1984). ''[https://books.google.com.ng/books/about/A_Play_of_Giants.html?id=H3NuQgAACAAJ&redir_esc=y A Play of Giants]''. Methuen. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-413-55290-7|978-0-413-55290-7]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu myaka 1975–84, Soyinka akaba aine amaani omu by'obutegyeki. Aha Yunivasite ya Ife, emirimo ye y'obwebembezi ekaba erimu eby'okwerinda enguuto za gavumenti. Akajumirira obushomankuzi omu gavumenti ya purezidenti Shehu Shagari owaabaire atoorainwe abantu. == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == m3yxgcvx4jt1kzrxkwoule4reqw91cw 7256394 7256391 2026-07-20T09:56:35Z Rooth N 2608660 7256394 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wp/nyn]] '''Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola] 2021, p.&#x20;34.</ref>''', a'''kazaarwa 13 Okwamushanju 1934) n'omuhandiiki Omunigeria, w'emizaano, kandi omuhandiiki w'ebitabo. Akahandiika ebitabo bishatu, by'ebitabo by'emigane mikye eikumi, ebitabo mushanju by'ebyevugo, ebitabo by'emizaano abiri na bitaano, hamwe n'ebitabo bitaano by'ebirikumukwataho.<ref name=":2">Gibbs, James (1986). ''Wole Soyinka''. Basingstoke: [[:en:Macmillan_Publishers|Macmillan]]. p.&#x20;3. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780333305287|9780333305287]]</bdi>.</ref> Ahandiikire ebitabo bibiri ebivunwirwe hamwe n'ebicweka bingi hamwe n'ebitebyo bikye bikye by'okuhandiikisa empapura z'amakuru hamwe n'ebitabo by'obwire bukye. Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel eky'omwaka 1986 omu by'obuhangwa ahabw'okugira ngu akaba naashwijuma "ebintu bingi ebirikukwata aha buhangwa hamwe n'orurimi rw'okwevuga ahabirikukwata aha kubaho kw'abantu".<ref>Abdullahi, Idowu (11 October 2024). "[https://punchng.com/nobel-laureate-award-exposed-me-to-danger-wole-soyinka/ Nobel Laureate award exposed me to danger]". ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Akazaarwa omu ka y'Abakurisitaayo Abayoruba omuri Aké, Abeokuta.<ref>"[https://dawncommission.org/professor-wole-soyinka/ Professor Wole Soyinka – DAWN Commission]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref><ref name=":0">"[https://wolesoyinkalecture.org/about-wole-soyinka-2/ About Wole Soyinka]". ''Wole Soyinka Lecture Series''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Soyinka akatunga obwegyese obw'okumutebeekanisa aha Government College, Ibadan kandi yaagyenda aha University College Ibadan. Omu bwire bw'obwegyese bwe, akatandikaho ekibiina kya Pyrate Confraternity.<ref name=":0" /> Soyinka akaruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza kwega aha Yunivasite ya Leeds. Omu bwire obwo, niwe yaabaire ari omuhandiiki w'akatabo ka yunivasite, The Eagle, atakabaire muhandiiki ow'obutwire omu myaka ya 1950.<ref>"[https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/wole-soyinka/ Wole Soyinka – Narrative Landscape Press]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Bungyereza, akatandika kuhandiika ebitebyo bigufu n'okukora ebihandiiko aha BBC Lecture series. Akahandiika emizaano mingi eyazaanairwe aha reediyo hamwe n'omu myanya y'emizaano omuri Nigeria hamwe na Bungyereza, okukira munonga Royal Court Theatre.<ref>"[https://livingarchive.royalcourttheatre.com/black-plays-1960s/ Black Plays 1960s]". ''Royal Court - Living Archive''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Ebitabo bya Soyinka bingi hamwe n'emizaano ye, nibiteebwaho omuri Nigeria, ekirikworeka ebyafaayo by'eihanga eryo, eby'obuhangwa, hamwe n'oburemeezi bw'eby'obutegyeki. Oyihireho emirimo egi, akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi ebirikujumiirira emitwarize mibi y'abantu omungyeri erikushetsya. Ebihandiiko ebi bikajanjaara omu bantu baingi kandi byakundwa munonga. Atungire obusinguzi n'emizaano ye, otwariiremu The Swamp Dwellers (1958), The Lion and the Jewel (1959), na The Invention (1957), omuzaano gumwe ahayabandize, ogwakoriirwe aha Royal Court Theatre. Soyinka ahandiikire ebitabo bingi, otwariiremu The Interpreters (1965), Season of Anomy (1973), Death and the King's Horseman, Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth (2021), na Harmattan Haze on an African Spring (2012). Omu Kwamushanju 2024, Bola Tinubu akahindura eiziina ry'ekishengye ky'emizaano ekya National Arts Theatre ahanyima ya Soyinka aha mazaarwa ge ag'emyaka 90. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Soyinka akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju 1934 omuri Ake, Abeokuta, Nigeria omu ka y'Abakristaayo ey'obuzaare bw'Abayoruba. Akaba ari owa kabiri omu baana mushanju[a] ba Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, omuheereza w'Abakuristayo kandi mukuru w'eishomero kuruga omu ruganda rw'obugabe orwa Isara-Remo[<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1988 Gibbs 1988], pp.&#x20;526.</ref> hamwe na Grace Soyinka (née Jenkins-Harrison), omushubuuzi kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe kuruga omu ruganda rwa Ransome-Kuti.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFMaduakor1986 Maduakor 1986], pp.&#x20;227.</ref> Nyina Grace hamwe n'ab'eka ye, aba Ransome-Kutis, bakaba bari ab'eka y'amaani omuri Nigeria<ref>Staff writer (9 May 2014). "[https://businessday.ng/family-and-relationships/article/great-dynasties-the-ransome-kutis/ Great Dynasties:The Ransome-Kutis]". ''[[:en:BusinessDay_(Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> abarikugambwaho nk'ekigarukwamu kya Nigeria aha ka ya Kennedy omuri United States. Owaabatandikireho, omusesorodooti w'Abakuristaayo J. J. Ransome-Kuti, akaba ari omuntu w'okubanza omu ihanga rye omu by'okushohoza ebyeshongoro omu myaka ya 1920.<ref>Sansom, Ian. "[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/11/fela-kuti-great-dynasties-ian-sansom Great Dynasties: The Ransome-Kutis]". ''theguardian.com''. Retrieved 17 January 2026.</ref> Kuruga 1940 kuhistya 1946, Soyinka akaba naashoma aha St. Peters Primary School, ahu ishe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eishomero.<ref>"[https://guardian.ng/art/genius-of-the-unconventional-and-the-patterning-of-dualities-wole-soyinkas-early-childhood-part-3/ Genius of the unconventional and the patterning of dualities: Wole Soyinka's early childhood]". ''T[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|he Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akashomera siniya ye Abeokuta Grammar School kandi okushoma kwe okw'okweteekateekyera Yunivasite aha Government College, Ibadan kuruga 1946 kuhisya 1951.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/soyinka-wole-1934/ Wole Soyinka (1934- )]". ''[[:en:BlackPast.org|BlackPast.org]]''. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akaheebwa omwanya omu University College Ibadan, ahu yaashomire ebyahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza, Orugriika, hamwe n'ebyafaayo by'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kuruga 1952 kuhisya 1954.<ref name=":1">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola 2021], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Omu myaka ye y'ahamuheru omu yunivasite, akahandiika omuzaano mugufu aha reediyo, Keffi's Birthday Treat, ogwashohwire omu Kwamushanju 1954 kuruga omu kitongore kya Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1980 Gibbs 1980], p.&#x20;21.</ref> Hamwe n'abeegi bagyenzi be otwariiremu Olumuyiwa Awẹ, Ralph Opara, Aig-Imoukhuede, na Pius Olegbe, akatandikaho ekibiina ekirikwetwa National Association of Seadogs, ekibiina ky'okubanza omuri Nigeria.<ref name=":1" /> Soyinka akafuruka kuruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza omuri 1954 kugumizamu n'emishomo ye omu byahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza aha Yunivasite ya Leeds arikureebererwa G. Wilson Knight.<ref>''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFEncyclopedia_Britannica2024 Encyclopedia Britannica]'' 2024.</ref> Okusharamu kw'okushoma aheeru y'eihanga omu bwire obwo obu okushoma diguri ya kabiri kyabaire kitarikubaho omuri Ibadan kikaba kiri kurabira omuri Joyce M. Green, omukazi Omungyereza owaizire omu University College, Ibadan kuruga Cambridge omuri 1950, kandi owaabaire ari omwe aha beegyesa ba Soyinka kandi owaabaire amuhaire ekihandiiko kirungi eky'okumugambaho omuri Leeds.<ref>Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi (28 July 2019). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/soyinkas-early-romance-with-england-1954-1959-a-cold-chapter-for-an-anti-form-rebel-part-1/ Soyinka's early romance with England 1954-1959: A cold chapter for an anti-form rebel]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 8 January 2026.</ref> Aha yunivasite ya Leeds, akaheereza nk'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka yunivasite akarikushetsya, The Eagle, omuri ako yaahandiika ekicweka aha magara g'eby'okushoma. Omu Kwamunaana 1955, akatandika kukwata ebyeshongoro aha BBC Lecture kandi yaahandiika ebitebyo bigufu nyingi. Omuri 1957, akasingura empaka z'okugamba ezirikubaho buri mwaka ezirikuteebwaho Yunivasite.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFLindfors1974 Lindfors 1974], pp.&#x20;471–486.</ref> == Emirimo == === 1957–1967: Omurimo gwe gw'okubanza === Soyinka akaguma omuri Leeds bwanyima y'okutunga diguri ye eya BA honours omu Rungyereza omuri 1957.<ref name=":2" /> Omu 1957, akatandika kuhandiika emizaano ye ey'okubanza, ''Swamp Dwellers'' na ''The Lion and the Jewel''. Soyinka akaza London kandi yaakora nk'omushomi w'emizaano aha Royal Court Theatre. Akebembera ekibiina kya Nigerian Drama Group ekyakozire The Swamp Dwellers omuri 1958. Omu bwire obwo, emizaano ye ebiri ekazaanwa omuri Ibadan, Nigeria. Omuri 1957, omuzaano gwe, The Invention, gukashohozibwa aha Royal Court Theatre omuri London, kandi gukaba guri omurimo gwe gw'okubanza aha.<ref>"Wole Soyinka". ''African Biography''. Detroit, MI: Gale (published 2 December 2006). 1999. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-2823-9|978-0-7876-2823-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akahandiika ebyevugo, otwariiremu "''The Immigrant''" hamwe na "''My Next Door Neighbour''", ebyareebekire omuri Black Orpheus. Omuri 1959, Soyinka akagaruka Nigeria bwanyima y'okutunga obuhwezi bwa Rockefeller Research Fellowship ahabw'okucondooza kwe aha by'emizaano ya Afirika. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe omwaka nigwo gumwe, akaza omu mwanya gwa Janheinz Jahn nk'omwe ahabahandiiki babiri bakuru ba Black Orpheus.<ref>Jacobs, Alan. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/trials-brother-jero The Trials Of Brother Jero]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu 1960, akamara omuzaano gwe ogwa reediyo Camwood on the Leaves, kandi n'omuzaano gwe ''The Trials of Brother Jero'' gukatongozibwa omu Mellanby Hall residence of University College Ibadan omu Kwakana 1960. Akakora ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Mask omu myaka ya 1960. Omuzaano gwe ogwa A Dance of The Forest, gukatongozibwa nk'omuzaano gw'eizooba ry'okwetegyeka kwa Nigeria, kandi ebiro 1 Okwaikumi 1960, gukatongozibwa omuri Lagos.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[[:en:BlackPast.org|Wole Soyinka (1934- )". ''BlackPast.org'']]. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Omuzaano gwa Soyinka ogw'okubanza ogurikwetwa My Father's Burden, gukaba nigwebemberwa Olusegun Olusola kandi gukaba nigworekwa aha Western Nigeria Television ebiro 6 Okwamunaana 1960.<ref>Uzoatu, Uzor Maxim (5 October 2013). "[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/146108-essential-soyinka-timeline-uzor-maxim-uzoatu.html The Essential Soyinka Timeline]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref> Omu 1962, Soyinka akahandiika ebihandiiko birikurwanirira okushoma n'okuhandiika omuri Nigeria omu bwire obwo otwariiremu "Death of the King's Horsemen" hamwe na "Towards a True Theater", ebyashohoziibwe omu Transition Magazine.<ref>Amayi, Zakayo (22 June 2013). "[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/standard-entertainment/article/2000086475/soyinkas-grumpy-battles-to-defend-literary-legacy Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's grumpy battles to defend literary legacy]". Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa aha Obafemi Awolowo University omuri Ifẹ. Omu 1963, firimu ye y'okubanza, Culture in Transition, ekashohozibwa. Soyinka akarekura omurimo gwe aha Yunivasite omuri 1964, nk'okwesharinga ahabw'emitwarize y'okushagika gavumenti eyateirweho ab'obushoborozi. Akagira ngu ab'obushoborozi omu yunivasite bakakwatanisa eitendekyero n'obutegyeki bwa Samuel Ladoke Akintola obwabaire butarikukundwa. Omu bwire obwo, akakora The Lion and the Jewel<ref>"[https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/critical-responses-to-african-theatre-wole-soyinkas-the-lion-and-the-jewel-by-professor-martin-banham/ Critical Responses to African Theatre: Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel by Professor Martin Banham | Black Plays Archive]". ''www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> omu siizoni y'emizaano omu Rungyereza na Yoruba hamwe n'okutandikaho The Orisun Theatre Company, guruupu ya theatre. Omu 1965, akakora omuzaano gwa gurikujumirira emitwarize mibi omungyeru erikushestya, ''Before the Blackout''.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/african-theatre-soyinka/ Review of African Theatre Soyinka: Blackout, Blowout and Beyond | Centre for African Studies (LUCAS)]". ''lucas.leeds.ac.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuzano gwe, Kongi's Harvest, gukatandika omu Kwamunaana omuri Lagos. Ebiro 14 September 1965, omuzaano gwe The Road gukatandika kworekwa omuri London aha Commonwealth Arts Festival hamwe na Theatre Royal Stratford East. Soyinka akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa mukuru aha Yunivasite ya Lagos. Juba, ekitabo kye ekisya The Interpreters kikashohozibwa André Deutsch omuri London. Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akakomwa omurundi gw'okubanza, yaajunaanwa okukwata reediyo aha mbundu akahindura akatambi k'ebigambo by'enganzi y'ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba n'akatambi akarikujunaana okwiba akaruuru. Akarekurwa bwanyima y'ameezi agamwe g'okukomwa ahabw'okwesharinga kw'abantu b'ensi yoona abahandiiki. Akahandiika n'ekitabo The Detainee, omuzaano gwa reediyo ogwashohozibwe BBC omuri London.<ref>Ezugwu, Obinna (19 July 2021). "[https://hallmarknews.com/salute-to-kongi-at-87/ Salute To Kongi At 87]". ''hallmarknews.com''. Retrieved 13 August 2022.</ref> === 1966–1968: Orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria === Bwanyima y'okuba Mukuru w'ekibiina ky'emizaano aha Yunivasite ya Ibadan, Soyinka akatandika kwejumba omu by'obutegyeki. Bwanyima y'amahe okuhamba obutegyeki omu kwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1966, akabugana omu kihama Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, gavana w'amahe ow'amashuuma g'oburugwa izooba bwa Nigeria omu kugyezaho okuzibira orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria.<ref>"[https://howng.com/professor-wole-soyinka-full-biographylife-and-news/ Professor Wole Soyinka Full Biography, Life And News]". ''howng.com''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Akaza n'omuri Ẹnugu, ahu yabugaine mugyenzi we Omuyoruba, Victor Banjọ, orikukora na gavumenti ya Biafra. Soyinka, owaashabire obushagiki bw'abeebembezi b'amahe omu kicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, akahitsya obutumwa bwa Banjo ahari Lieutenant Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo, owaabaire atoorainwe nk'omuduumizi w'amahe g'omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba. Omumwebazyo gw'akana, Soyinka agarukire omu mahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, amahe ga Biafra gakatahirira ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Bwanyima y'okutwara oburengyerwa-izooba, Soyinka akabugana Obasanjo kumugambira ekigyendererwa ky'Ababiafra ahabwokuba Obasanjo akaba yaacwiremu kwegaita aha gavumenti ya Nigeria. Kwonka okutahirira kwa Biafra ahagati yóburegyerwa eizooba kikarugamu okuhoorera okwakozirwe amahe ga gavumenti eya federo, kandi orutaro rw'omunda rukatandika. Obasanjo akashoboorora gavumenti ya Nigeria orukiiko rwe na Soyinka, yarangirira Soyinka nk'omuheekyera, n'ahabw'ekyo akakwatwa ab'obushoborozi bwa federo kandi yaakomwa kumara emyezi 22.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/07/27/wole.soyinka/index.html Wole Soyinka: Nigeria's Nobel Laureate]". ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. 1 August 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2026.</ref> Akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi n'byevugo arikujuumirira gavumenti ya Nigeria obu yaabaire ari omu kihome.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (2006), ''You Must Set Forth at Dawn'', p. 6.</ref> Omu kutandika kwa 1967, ebihandiiko bye Kongi’s Harvest na Idanre and Other Poems bikashohozibwa.<ref>"[https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/engp06/chapter/wole-soyinka-kongis-harvest/ Wole Soyinka, Kongi's Harvest – African & Caribbean Writing in English]". ''ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Ari na Tom Stoppard, akatunga ekirabo kya John Whiting omuri London. Akatooranwa kuba mukuru w'eishomero rya Drama, Yunivasite ya Ibadan kwonka akaremwa kutwara entebe egyo ahabw'okubohwa omu kwezi kwa munaana. N'obu araabe yaabaire ari omu kihome, omuzaano gwe ogurikwetwa The Lion and The Jewel gukagumizamu gwashohozibwa omuri Accra, Ghana omu Kwamwenda 1967. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Strong Breed bikashohozibwa aba Off-Broadway omu Greenwich Mews Theatre omuri New York City. Omuri 1968, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Jock Campbell-New Statesman Award. Ekibiina kya Negro Ensemble Company kikashohoza Kongi's Harvest aha St. Mark's Theatre, New York.<ref>"[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,838330,00.html Theater: Kongi's Harvest]". ''Time''. 26 April 1968. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X 0040-781X]. Retrieved 7 May 2022.</ref> Akavunuura D. O. Fagunwa's Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irunmale kuruga omu rurimi rwa Yoruba kuza omu Rungyereza. Kikashohozibwa nka The Forest of a Thousand Demons: A Hunter's Saga. === Okurekurwa n'okushohoza ebitabo. === Omu Okwaikumi 1969, emyezi mikye erikuburayo orutaro rw'omunda rukahwa, okusaasira kukarangirirwa, Soyinka hamwe n'abandi basibe b'eby'obutegyeki barekurwa.<ref>PEN America (16 April 2012). "[https://pen.org/case-histories-wole-soyinka/ Case Histories: Wole Soyinka]". ''PEN America''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omu myezi mikye y'okubanza bwanyima y'okurekurwa kwe, Soyinka akaguma aha faamu ya munywani we omu mashuuma ga Bufaransa, ahu yaasherwire kuhuumuraho wenka. Akahandiika The Bacchae of Euripides (1969), ekihandiiko kihindwiremu kushushana enfumu ya Pentheus.<ref name=":3">Killam and Rowe (eds), ''The Companion to African Literature'' (2000), p. 276.</ref> Kandi akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebyevugo omuri London, kikwetwa Poems from Prison. Aha muheru gw'omwaka, akagaruka omu ofiisi ye nk'orikukurira eby'emizaano omuri Ibadan.<ref name=":5">"[https://dailytrust.com/things-to-know-about-prof-wole-soyinka-at-89/ Things To Know About Prof Wole Soyinka At 89]". ''[[:en:Daily_Trust|Daily Trust]]''. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omu 1970, akashohoza omuzaano Kongi's Harvest, kandi omu bwire bumwe akaguhindura nk'omuzaano gwa firimu gw'eiziina niryo rimwe, Kongi's Harvest. Omu Kwamukaaga 1970, akamara omuzaano ogundi, ogurikwetwa Madmen and Specialists.<ref>Ajeluorou, Anote (25 July 2015). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/periscoping-a-senseless-war-in-madmen-and-specialists/ Periscoping A Senseless War In Madmen And Specialists]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</ref> Arikukoragana n'ekibiina ky'abazaani 15 ba Ibadan University Theatre Art Company, akagyenda United States, kureeba Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center omuri Waterford, Connecticut, ahu omuzaano gwe oguyabaire ahererukurieyo kuhandiika gwayorekirwe omurundi gwokubanza.[citation needed] Omu 1971, ekitabo kye ky'ebyevugo ekya A Shuttle in the Crypt kikashohozibwa. Madmen and Specialists kikashohozibwa omuri Ibadan omwaka ogwo.<ref>Lee, Christopher J. (25 March 2020). "[http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/reading-wole-soyinka-s-madmen-and-specialists-time-pandemic Reading Wole Soyinka's 'Madmen and Specialists' in a Time of Pandemic]". ''Warscapes''.</ref> Omu Kwakana 1971, ahabw'okwerarikirira aha mbeera y'eby'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria, Soyinka akarekura emirimo ye aha Yunivasite omuri Ibadan, kandi yaatandika emyaka mingi ayetwaire omubuzaahe. kuza omu buzaahe.<ref name=":6">Adegbamigbe, Ademola (13 July 2019). "[https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/07/13/soyinka-at-85-why-i-detained-him-for-2-years-during-civil-war-yakubu-gowon/ Soyinka at 85: 'Why I Detained Him for 2 Years During the Civil War' - Yakubu Gowon]". ''The NEWS''. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</ref> Soyinka akagyenda omuri Paris, Bufaransa, kutwara omurimo gw'okuzaana nka Patrice Lumumba, mukuru w'eihanga w'okubanza rya Repubulika ya Kongo owaisirwe, omu muzaano ogwashohozibwe Joan Littlewood omu kwakataano 1971 ogurikwetwa Murderous Angels, omuzaano gwa Conor Cruise O'Brien ogwabaire nigukwata aha buremeezi bwa Kongo.<ref name=":4">Gibbs, James. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/soyinka-wole-13-july-1934 Soyinka, Wole 1934–]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 September 2021. (Updated by [[:en:Tanure_Ojaide|Tanure Ojaide]].)</ref><ref>[[:en:Biodun_Jeyifo|Jeyifo, Biodun]] (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nwhlgrVqvYkC&q=%22Murderous+Angels%22%3D&pg=PR27 Chronology]". ''Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, and Postcolonialism''. Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;xxvii. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139439084|9781139439084]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri Paris, ebicweka kuruga omu muzaano gwa Soyinka ogurikumanywa munonga The Dance of The Forests bikazaanwa.<ref>Adenekan, Sulaiman (2016). "[https://www.tradenewswire.net/the-pride-of-africa-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-clocks-85-years-serving-humanity-poetically/ The Pride of Africa: Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka clocks 85 years serving humanity poeticall]y". ''Trade Newswire''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Omu 1972, ekitabo kye Season of Anomy hamwe na Collected Plays byona bikashohozibwa Oxford University Press. Ekihandiiko kye ky'ebirikumukwataho ekya The Man Died, ekirikurundaana ebi yaahandiikire omu kihome, nakyo kikashohozibwa omwaka ogwo.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/biographical/ Wole Soyinka | Biographical]", The Nobel Prize, 1986.</ref> Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Honoris Causa doctorate kuruga omu Yunivasite ya Leeds omuri 1973.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/honorary-degree/ Honorary Degree]", Leeds ''African Studies Bulletin'' 19 (November 1973), pp. 1–2. [Professor Soyinka receiving the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from the Chancellor, HRH the Duchess of Kent, on Thursday 17 May 1973 – image from 'Nobel Prize for Leeds Graduate', ''The Reporter'' (the University of Leeds), 258, 24 October 1986.]</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, National Theatre, London, ekashaba kandi yaatongoza omuzaano The Bacchae of Euripides,<ref name=":3" /> kandi emizaano ye Camwood on the Leaves na Jero's Metamorphosis nayo ekaba eri ey'okubanza kushohozibwa. Akamara omwaka gumwe nk'omugyenyi aha Churchill College, Cambridge<ref>Gumbel, Andrew (3 November 2005). "[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/03/theatre3 Wole Soyinka on how he came to write Death and the King's Horseman]". ''The Guardian''.</ref> (1973–74)<ref name=":4" /> kandi yaahandiika Death and the King's Horseman, ekyashomirwe omurundi gw'okubanza aha Churchill College.<ref name=":5" /> Omu 1974, Oxford University Press ekashohoza Soyinka's Collected Plays, Volume II. Akateeraho hamwe ekitabo kya 1975 Poems of Black Africa, ekyashohoziibwe nka kimwe ahakicweka kya Heinemann African Writers Series.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JtqywAEACAAJ Poems of Black Africa]'', Heinemann African Writers Series, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]. <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780435901714|9780435901714]]</bdi>.</ref> Kandi omuri 1975, Soyinka akakuzibwa yaaza aha ntebe y'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka Transition Magazine, akaabaire nikashangwa omu kibuga ekikuru ekya Ghana ekya Accra, ahu yaafurukiire.<ref name=":6" /> Akakoresa ebihandiiko bye omu magaziini kujumirira abo abarikusaasibwa munonga abairaguju (nk'eky'okureeberaho, ekicweka kye "Neo-Tarzanism: Eby'obutegyeki obwa Pseudo-Transition) hamwe n'obutegyeki bw'amahe. Akeesharinga ahabw'obutegyeki bw'amahe obwa Idi Amin omu Uganda. Bwanyima y'empindahinduka omu by'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria hamwe n'okuhenda gavumenti y'amahe eya Gowon omuri 1975, Soyinka akagaruka omu ihanga rye kandi yaagaruka omu mwanya gwe nka mukuru w'okugyeragyeranisa ebyahandiikirwe. omu Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref name=":6" /> === Okushomesa === Kuruga 1975 kuhisya 1999, Soyinka akaheereza nka Purofeesa w'ebitabo ebirikugyeragyeranisibwa aha Obafemi Awolowo University.<ref>Odinaka (31 July 2018). "[https://www.tori.ng/news/102835/the-house-prof-soyinka-lived-in-during-oau-days-tu.html The House Prof. Soyinka Lived In During OAU Days, Turned Into A Campus Museum (Photos)]". ''Tori.ng''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Amerika, akeegyesa aha Cornell University nk'omuhangu wa Goldwin Smith omu kwega aha Afirika hamwe n'eby'emizaano kuruga 1988 kuhisya 1991. Aha Yunivasite ya Emory, akatooranwa nka Robert W. Woodruff Purofeesa w'eby'emikono omuri 1996 kandi atwire ari Purofeesa w'okuhandiika omu Yunivasite ya Nevada, Las Vegas. Soyinka akaheereza scholar-in-residence omu Institute of African American Affairs eya New York University hamwe na Loyola Marymount University omuri Los Angeles, California. Akegyesa n'aha Yunivasite za Cambridge, Oxford, Harvard na Yale. Akaba ari omwegi w'amaani omu kutuura aha Yunivasite ya Duke omuri 2008.<ref>"[https://alumni.duke.edu/magazine/articles/soyinka-stage Soyinka on Stage | Nobel laureate works with student production of his play]". ''Duke Magazine''. No.&#x20;January–February 2011. 31 January 2011. Retrieved 18 April 2021.</ref> Omu Kwaikumi na kubiri 2017, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Europe Theatre Prize omu kicweka kya "Special Prize" category,<ref>Ajibade, Kunle (12 December 2017). "[https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2017/12/12/wole-soyinka-wins-europe-theatre-prize/ Wole Soyinka Wins The Europe Theatre Prize]". ''[[:en:P.M._News|P.M. News]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref><ref>"[https://www.concisenews.global/news/soyinka-wins-2017-the-europe-theatre-prize/ Soyinka Wins 2017 Europe Theatre Prize]". ''Concise News''. 15 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> ekyahairwe omuntu owaabaire "aine ekyayongyeireho omu kuhikiiriza emikoro y'eby'obuhangwa erikureetaho okwetegyereza n'okubagana amagyezi ahagati y'abantu".<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20171225034855/http://www.jamesmurua.com/wole-soyinka-to-receive-europe-theatre-prize-2017/ Wole Soyinka to receive Europe Theatre Prize 2017]". ''James Murua's Literature Blog''. 14 December 2017. Archived from the original on 25 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> Ebiro 1 September 2022, Soyinka akatwara entebe y'okuba Purofeesa w'eby'emizaano aha New York University Abu Dhabi.<ref>"[https://www.wam.ae/en/article/hszrfcet-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-joins-nyu-abu-dhabi Nobel laureate Wole Soyinka joins NYU Abu Dhabi faculty]". Emirates News Agency-WAM. 23 August 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref><ref>"[https://nyuad.nyu.edu/en/academics/divisions/arts-and-humanities/faculty/wole-soyinka.html Wole Soyinka | Arts Professor of Theater]". ''nyuad.nyu.edu''. New York University Abu Dhabi. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref> Omu 1976, akashohoza ekitabo kye ky'ebitebyo Ogun Abibiman, hamwe n'ekitabo ky'ebihandiiko ekiine omutwe Myth, Literature and the African World.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/facts/ The Nobel Prize in Literature 1986]". ''NobelPrize.org''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omuri ebi, Soyinka naashwijuma oburugo bw'oburagwa omu katemba ka Afirika kandi, arikukoresa eby'okureeberaho kuruga omuri Buraaya na Afirika, naagyeragyeranisa kandi akashoboorora eby'obuhangwa. Akaha orubazo rw'omutaano aha itendekyero ry'okushwijuma Afirika aha Yunivasite ya Ghana omuri Legon. Omu Okwaikumi 1976, envunuura ya Bufaransa eya The Dance of The Forests<ref>"[https://abjournals.org/ajchrt/papers/volume-8/issue-1/ghost-dirge-and-the-forest-dance-in-soyinkas-metathysical-play-a-dance-of-the-forests/ Ghost, Dirge and the Forest Dance in Soyinka's Metaphysical Play "A Dance of the Forests]". ''African Journal of Culture, History, Religion and Traditions (AJCHRT)''. 24 November 2024. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> ekazaanwa omuri Dakar. Omu 1977, Opera Wọnyọsi, okuhindura kwe okw'omuzzano gwa Bertolt Brecht, T''he Threepenny Opera'', gukazaanira omuri Ibadan. Omu 1979, Soyinka akebembera kandi yazaana omu muzaano gwa Jon Blair na Norman Fenton ogurikwetwa The Biko Inquest, omzaano ogurikwegamira aha magara ga Steve Biko, omwegi wa South Africa kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe bw'abantu owaateirwe akafa ahabwa pooriisi y'omuri South Africa eyabaire neekuratira engyenderwaho y'okushoroora omu bantu.<ref name=":4" /> Omu 1981 Soyinka akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebirikumukwataho Aké: The Years of Childhood, ekyasingire ekirabo kya 1983 Anisfield-Wolf Book Award.<ref>"[https://www.anisfield-wolf.org/winners/ake-the-years-of-childhood/ Winners: 1983 Nonfiction – Ake]". ''Anisfield-Wolf Book Awards''. Retrieved 9 April 2021.</ref> Soyinka akagumizamu yaatandikaho ekibiina ekindi eky'emizaano, ekya Guerrilla Unit, ekyasherwire kwejumba butunu n'abantu b'omubyaro. Ekigyendererwa kyayo kikaba kiri okubahwera kuteekateeka aha buremeezi bwabo n'okuha eiraka okwetomboitwa kwabo kurabira omu kukora emizaano migufu. Omu 1983, omuzaano gwe Requiem for a Futurologist gukaba guri omuzaano gwagwo gw'okubanza aha Yunivasite ya Ife. Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omwaka ogwo, emwe aha purogyekiti ze z'ebyeshongoro, ekitongore kya Unlimited Liability Company, kikashohoza akatambi k'okweshongora akarikwetwa I Love My Country, ahu abeeshongozi ba Nigeria abarikumanywa baazaaniire ebyeshongoro ebyahandiikirwe Soyinka. Omu 1984, akakora firimu Blues for a Prodigal, eyayorekirwe aha Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref>Gibbs, James (1985). "[https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/03064228508533902 Wole Soyinka's film banned]". ''[[:en:Index_on_Censorship|Index on Censorship]]''. '''14''' (3): 41. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1080/03064228508533902|10.1080/03064228508533902]]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:220929276 220929276] &#x2013; via [[:en:SAGE_Publishing|SAGE Publishing]].</ref> A Play of Giants ekorekwa omwaka nigwo gumwe.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (1984). ''[https://books.google.com.ng/books/about/A_Play_of_Giants.html?id=H3NuQgAACAAJ&redir_esc=y A Play of Giants]''. Methuen. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-413-55290-7|978-0-413-55290-7]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu myaka 1975–84, Soyinka akaba aine amaani omu by'obutegyeki. Aha Yunivasite ya Ife, emirimo ye y'obwebembezi ekaba erimu eby'okwerinda enguuto za gavumenti. Akajumirira obushomankuzi omu gavumenti ya purezidenti Shehu Shagari owaabaire atoorainwe abantu. Shagari ku yaahindwirwe omukuru w'amahe Muhammadu Buhari, Soyinka akaba ari aha rubaju rubi rw'amahe. == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == 399nci20endbedpfelay9rr5hdty2k8 7256397 7256394 2026-07-20T09:57:30Z Rooth N 2608660 7256397 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wp/nyn]] '''Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola] 2021, p.&#x20;34.</ref>''', a'''kazaarwa 13 Okwamushanju 1934) n'omuhandiiki Omunigeria, w'emizaano, kandi omuhandiiki w'ebitabo. Akahandiika ebitabo bishatu, by'ebitabo by'emigane mikye eikumi, ebitabo mushanju by'ebyevugo, ebitabo by'emizaano abiri na bitaano, hamwe n'ebitabo bitaano by'ebirikumukwataho.<ref name=":2">Gibbs, James (1986). ''Wole Soyinka''. Basingstoke: [[:en:Macmillan_Publishers|Macmillan]]. p.&#x20;3. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780333305287|9780333305287]]</bdi>.</ref> Ahandiikire ebitabo bibiri ebivunwirwe hamwe n'ebicweka bingi hamwe n'ebitebyo bikye bikye by'okuhandiikisa empapura z'amakuru hamwe n'ebitabo by'obwire bukye. Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel eky'omwaka 1986 omu by'obuhangwa ahabw'okugira ngu akaba naashwijuma "ebintu bingi ebirikukwata aha buhangwa hamwe n'orurimi rw'okwevuga ahabirikukwata aha kubaho kw'abantu".<ref>Abdullahi, Idowu (11 October 2024). "[https://punchng.com/nobel-laureate-award-exposed-me-to-danger-wole-soyinka/ Nobel Laureate award exposed me to danger]". ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Akazaarwa omu ka y'Abakurisitaayo Abayoruba omuri Aké, Abeokuta.<ref>"[https://dawncommission.org/professor-wole-soyinka/ Professor Wole Soyinka – DAWN Commission]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref><ref name=":0">"[https://wolesoyinkalecture.org/about-wole-soyinka-2/ About Wole Soyinka]". ''Wole Soyinka Lecture Series''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Soyinka akatunga obwegyese obw'okumutebeekanisa aha Government College, Ibadan kandi yaagyenda aha University College Ibadan. Omu bwire bw'obwegyese bwe, akatandikaho ekibiina kya Pyrate Confraternity.<ref name=":0" /> Soyinka akaruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza kwega aha Yunivasite ya Leeds. Omu bwire obwo, niwe yaabaire ari omuhandiiki w'akatabo ka yunivasite, The Eagle, atakabaire muhandiiki ow'obutwire omu myaka ya 1950.<ref>"[https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/wole-soyinka/ Wole Soyinka – Narrative Landscape Press]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Bungyereza, akatandika kuhandiika ebitebyo bigufu n'okukora ebihandiiko aha BBC Lecture series. Akahandiika emizaano mingi eyazaanairwe aha reediyo hamwe n'omu myanya y'emizaano omuri Nigeria hamwe na Bungyereza, okukira munonga Royal Court Theatre.<ref>"[https://livingarchive.royalcourttheatre.com/black-plays-1960s/ Black Plays 1960s]". ''Royal Court - Living Archive''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Ebitabo bya Soyinka bingi hamwe n'emizaano ye, nibiteebwaho omuri Nigeria, ekirikworeka ebyafaayo by'eihanga eryo, eby'obuhangwa, hamwe n'oburemeezi bw'eby'obutegyeki. Oyihireho emirimo egi, akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi ebirikujumiirira emitwarize mibi y'abantu omungyeri erikushetsya. Ebihandiiko ebi bikajanjaara omu bantu baingi kandi byakundwa munonga. Atungire obusinguzi n'emizaano ye, otwariiremu The Swamp Dwellers (1958), The Lion and the Jewel (1959), na The Invention (1957), omuzaano gumwe ahayabandize, ogwakoriirwe aha Royal Court Theatre. Soyinka ahandiikire ebitabo bingi, otwariiremu The Interpreters (1965), Season of Anomy (1973), Death and the King's Horseman, Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth (2021), na Harmattan Haze on an African Spring (2012). Omu Kwamushanju 2024, Bola Tinubu akahindura eiziina ry'ekishengye ky'emizaano ekya National Arts Theatre ahanyima ya Soyinka aha mazaarwa ge ag'emyaka 90. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Soyinka akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju 1934 omuri Ake, Abeokuta, Nigeria omu ka y'Abakristaayo ey'obuzaare bw'Abayoruba. Akaba ari owa kabiri omu baana mushanju[a] ba Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, omuheereza w'Abakuristayo kandi mukuru w'eishomero kuruga omu ruganda rw'obugabe orwa Isara-Remo[<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1988 Gibbs 1988], pp.&#x20;526.</ref> hamwe na Grace Soyinka (née Jenkins-Harrison), omushubuuzi kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe kuruga omu ruganda rwa Ransome-Kuti.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFMaduakor1986 Maduakor 1986], pp.&#x20;227.</ref> Nyina Grace hamwe n'ab'eka ye, aba Ransome-Kutis, bakaba bari ab'eka y'amaani omuri Nigeria<ref>Staff writer (9 May 2014). "[https://businessday.ng/family-and-relationships/article/great-dynasties-the-ransome-kutis/ Great Dynasties:The Ransome-Kutis]". ''[[:en:BusinessDay_(Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> abarikugambwaho nk'ekigarukwamu kya Nigeria aha ka ya Kennedy omuri United States. Owaabatandikireho, omusesorodooti w'Abakuristaayo J. J. Ransome-Kuti, akaba ari omuntu w'okubanza omu ihanga rye omu by'okushohoza ebyeshongoro omu myaka ya 1920.<ref>Sansom, Ian. "[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/11/fela-kuti-great-dynasties-ian-sansom Great Dynasties: The Ransome-Kutis]". ''theguardian.com''. Retrieved 17 January 2026.</ref> Kuruga 1940 kuhistya 1946, Soyinka akaba naashoma aha St. Peters Primary School, ahu ishe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eishomero.<ref>"[https://guardian.ng/art/genius-of-the-unconventional-and-the-patterning-of-dualities-wole-soyinkas-early-childhood-part-3/ Genius of the unconventional and the patterning of dualities: Wole Soyinka's early childhood]". ''T[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|he Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akashomera siniya ye Abeokuta Grammar School kandi okushoma kwe okw'okweteekateekyera Yunivasite aha Government College, Ibadan kuruga 1946 kuhisya 1951.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/soyinka-wole-1934/ Wole Soyinka (1934- )]". ''[[:en:BlackPast.org|BlackPast.org]]''. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akaheebwa omwanya omu University College Ibadan, ahu yaashomire ebyahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza, Orugriika, hamwe n'ebyafaayo by'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kuruga 1952 kuhisya 1954.<ref name=":1">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola 2021], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Omu myaka ye y'ahamuheru omu yunivasite, akahandiika omuzaano mugufu aha reediyo, Keffi's Birthday Treat, ogwashohwire omu Kwamushanju 1954 kuruga omu kitongore kya Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1980 Gibbs 1980], p.&#x20;21.</ref> Hamwe n'abeegi bagyenzi be otwariiremu Olumuyiwa Awẹ, Ralph Opara, Aig-Imoukhuede, na Pius Olegbe, akatandikaho ekibiina ekirikwetwa National Association of Seadogs, ekibiina ky'okubanza omuri Nigeria.<ref name=":1" /> Soyinka akafuruka kuruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza omuri 1954 kugumizamu n'emishomo ye omu byahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza aha Yunivasite ya Leeds arikureebererwa G. Wilson Knight.<ref>''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFEncyclopedia_Britannica2024 Encyclopedia Britannica]'' 2024.</ref> Okusharamu kw'okushoma aheeru y'eihanga omu bwire obwo obu okushoma diguri ya kabiri kyabaire kitarikubaho omuri Ibadan kikaba kiri kurabira omuri Joyce M. Green, omukazi Omungyereza owaizire omu University College, Ibadan kuruga Cambridge omuri 1950, kandi owaabaire ari omwe aha beegyesa ba Soyinka kandi owaabaire amuhaire ekihandiiko kirungi eky'okumugambaho omuri Leeds.<ref>Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi (28 July 2019). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/soyinkas-early-romance-with-england-1954-1959-a-cold-chapter-for-an-anti-form-rebel-part-1/ Soyinka's early romance with England 1954-1959: A cold chapter for an anti-form rebel]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 8 January 2026.</ref> Aha yunivasite ya Leeds, akaheereza nk'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka yunivasite akarikushetsya, The Eagle, omuri ako yaahandiika ekicweka aha magara g'eby'okushoma. Omu Kwamunaana 1955, akatandika kukwata ebyeshongoro aha BBC Lecture kandi yaahandiika ebitebyo bigufu nyingi. Omuri 1957, akasingura empaka z'okugamba ezirikubaho buri mwaka ezirikuteebwaho Yunivasite.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFLindfors1974 Lindfors 1974], pp.&#x20;471–486.</ref> == Emirimo == === 1957–1967: Omurimo gwe gw'okubanza === Soyinka akaguma omuri Leeds bwanyima y'okutunga diguri ye eya BA honours omu Rungyereza omuri 1957.<ref name=":2" /> Omu 1957, akatandika kuhandiika emizaano ye ey'okubanza, ''Swamp Dwellers'' na ''The Lion and the Jewel''. Soyinka akaza London kandi yaakora nk'omushomi w'emizaano aha Royal Court Theatre. Akebembera ekibiina kya Nigerian Drama Group ekyakozire The Swamp Dwellers omuri 1958. Omu bwire obwo, emizaano ye ebiri ekazaanwa omuri Ibadan, Nigeria. Omuri 1957, omuzaano gwe, The Invention, gukashohozibwa aha Royal Court Theatre omuri London, kandi gukaba guri omurimo gwe gw'okubanza aha.<ref>"Wole Soyinka". ''African Biography''. Detroit, MI: Gale (published 2 December 2006). 1999. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-2823-9|978-0-7876-2823-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akahandiika ebyevugo, otwariiremu "''The Immigrant''" hamwe na "''My Next Door Neighbour''", ebyareebekire omuri Black Orpheus. Omuri 1959, Soyinka akagaruka Nigeria bwanyima y'okutunga obuhwezi bwa Rockefeller Research Fellowship ahabw'okucondooza kwe aha by'emizaano ya Afirika. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe omwaka nigwo gumwe, akaza omu mwanya gwa Janheinz Jahn nk'omwe ahabahandiiki babiri bakuru ba Black Orpheus.<ref>Jacobs, Alan. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/trials-brother-jero The Trials Of Brother Jero]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu 1960, akamara omuzaano gwe ogwa reediyo Camwood on the Leaves, kandi n'omuzaano gwe ''The Trials of Brother Jero'' gukatongozibwa omu Mellanby Hall residence of University College Ibadan omu Kwakana 1960. Akakora ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Mask omu myaka ya 1960. Omuzaano gwe ogwa A Dance of The Forest, gukatongozibwa nk'omuzaano gw'eizooba ry'okwetegyeka kwa Nigeria, kandi ebiro 1 Okwaikumi 1960, gukatongozibwa omuri Lagos.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[[:en:BlackPast.org|Wole Soyinka (1934- )". ''BlackPast.org'']]. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Omuzaano gwa Soyinka ogw'okubanza ogurikwetwa My Father's Burden, gukaba nigwebemberwa Olusegun Olusola kandi gukaba nigworekwa aha Western Nigeria Television ebiro 6 Okwamunaana 1960.<ref>Uzoatu, Uzor Maxim (5 October 2013). "[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/146108-essential-soyinka-timeline-uzor-maxim-uzoatu.html The Essential Soyinka Timeline]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref> Omu 1962, Soyinka akahandiika ebihandiiko birikurwanirira okushoma n'okuhandiika omuri Nigeria omu bwire obwo otwariiremu "Death of the King's Horsemen" hamwe na "Towards a True Theater", ebyashohoziibwe omu Transition Magazine.<ref>Amayi, Zakayo (22 June 2013). "[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/standard-entertainment/article/2000086475/soyinkas-grumpy-battles-to-defend-literary-legacy Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's grumpy battles to defend literary legacy]". Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa aha Obafemi Awolowo University omuri Ifẹ. Omu 1963, firimu ye y'okubanza, Culture in Transition, ekashohozibwa. Soyinka akarekura omurimo gwe aha Yunivasite omuri 1964, nk'okwesharinga ahabw'emitwarize y'okushagika gavumenti eyateirweho ab'obushoborozi. Akagira ngu ab'obushoborozi omu yunivasite bakakwatanisa eitendekyero n'obutegyeki bwa Samuel Ladoke Akintola obwabaire butarikukundwa. Omu bwire obwo, akakora The Lion and the Jewel<ref>"[https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/critical-responses-to-african-theatre-wole-soyinkas-the-lion-and-the-jewel-by-professor-martin-banham/ Critical Responses to African Theatre: Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel by Professor Martin Banham | Black Plays Archive]". ''www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> omu siizoni y'emizaano omu Rungyereza na Yoruba hamwe n'okutandikaho The Orisun Theatre Company, guruupu ya theatre. Omu 1965, akakora omuzaano gwa gurikujumirira emitwarize mibi omungyeru erikushestya, ''Before the Blackout''.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/african-theatre-soyinka/ Review of African Theatre Soyinka: Blackout, Blowout and Beyond | Centre for African Studies (LUCAS)]". ''lucas.leeds.ac.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuzano gwe, Kongi's Harvest, gukatandika omu Kwamunaana omuri Lagos. Ebiro 14 September 1965, omuzaano gwe The Road gukatandika kworekwa omuri London aha Commonwealth Arts Festival hamwe na Theatre Royal Stratford East. Soyinka akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa mukuru aha Yunivasite ya Lagos. Juba, ekitabo kye ekisya The Interpreters kikashohozibwa André Deutsch omuri London. Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akakomwa omurundi gw'okubanza, yaajunaanwa okukwata reediyo aha mbundu akahindura akatambi k'ebigambo by'enganzi y'ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba n'akatambi akarikujunaana okwiba akaruuru. Akarekurwa bwanyima y'ameezi agamwe g'okukomwa ahabw'okwesharinga kw'abantu b'ensi yoona abahandiiki. Akahandiika n'ekitabo The Detainee, omuzaano gwa reediyo ogwashohozibwe BBC omuri London.<ref>Ezugwu, Obinna (19 July 2021). "[https://hallmarknews.com/salute-to-kongi-at-87/ Salute To Kongi At 87]". ''hallmarknews.com''. Retrieved 13 August 2022.</ref> === 1966–1968: Orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria === Bwanyima y'okuba Mukuru w'ekibiina ky'emizaano aha Yunivasite ya Ibadan, Soyinka akatandika kwejumba omu by'obutegyeki. Bwanyima y'amahe okuhamba obutegyeki omu kwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1966, akabugana omu kihama Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, gavana w'amahe ow'amashuuma g'oburugwa izooba bwa Nigeria omu kugyezaho okuzibira orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria.<ref>"[https://howng.com/professor-wole-soyinka-full-biographylife-and-news/ Professor Wole Soyinka Full Biography, Life And News]". ''howng.com''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Akaza n'omuri Ẹnugu, ahu yabugaine mugyenzi we Omuyoruba, Victor Banjọ, orikukora na gavumenti ya Biafra. Soyinka, owaashabire obushagiki bw'abeebembezi b'amahe omu kicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, akahitsya obutumwa bwa Banjo ahari Lieutenant Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo, owaabaire atoorainwe nk'omuduumizi w'amahe g'omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba. Omumwebazyo gw'akana, Soyinka agarukire omu mahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, amahe ga Biafra gakatahirira ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Bwanyima y'okutwara oburengyerwa-izooba, Soyinka akabugana Obasanjo kumugambira ekigyendererwa ky'Ababiafra ahabwokuba Obasanjo akaba yaacwiremu kwegaita aha gavumenti ya Nigeria. Kwonka okutahirira kwa Biafra ahagati yóburegyerwa eizooba kikarugamu okuhoorera okwakozirwe amahe ga gavumenti eya federo, kandi orutaro rw'omunda rukatandika. Obasanjo akashoboorora gavumenti ya Nigeria orukiiko rwe na Soyinka, yarangirira Soyinka nk'omuheekyera, n'ahabw'ekyo akakwatwa ab'obushoborozi bwa federo kandi yaakomwa kumara emyezi 22.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/07/27/wole.soyinka/index.html Wole Soyinka: Nigeria's Nobel Laureate]". ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. 1 August 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2026.</ref> Akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi n'byevugo arikujuumirira gavumenti ya Nigeria obu yaabaire ari omu kihome.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (2006), ''You Must Set Forth at Dawn'', p. 6.</ref> Omu kutandika kwa 1967, ebihandiiko bye Kongi’s Harvest na Idanre and Other Poems bikashohozibwa.<ref>"[https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/engp06/chapter/wole-soyinka-kongis-harvest/ Wole Soyinka, Kongi's Harvest – African & Caribbean Writing in English]". ''ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Ari na Tom Stoppard, akatunga ekirabo kya John Whiting omuri London. Akatooranwa kuba mukuru w'eishomero rya Drama, Yunivasite ya Ibadan kwonka akaremwa kutwara entebe egyo ahabw'okubohwa omu kwezi kwa munaana. N'obu araabe yaabaire ari omu kihome, omuzaano gwe ogurikwetwa The Lion and The Jewel gukagumizamu gwashohozibwa omuri Accra, Ghana omu Kwamwenda 1967. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Strong Breed bikashohozibwa aba Off-Broadway omu Greenwich Mews Theatre omuri New York City. Omuri 1968, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Jock Campbell-New Statesman Award. Ekibiina kya Negro Ensemble Company kikashohoza Kongi's Harvest aha St. Mark's Theatre, New York.<ref>"[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,838330,00.html Theater: Kongi's Harvest]". ''Time''. 26 April 1968. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X 0040-781X]. Retrieved 7 May 2022.</ref> Akavunuura D. O. Fagunwa's Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irunmale kuruga omu rurimi rwa Yoruba kuza omu Rungyereza. Kikashohozibwa nka The Forest of a Thousand Demons: A Hunter's Saga. === Okurekurwa n'okushohoza ebitabo. === Omu Okwaikumi 1969, emyezi mikye erikuburayo orutaro rw'omunda rukahwa, okusaasira kukarangirirwa, Soyinka hamwe n'abandi basibe b'eby'obutegyeki barekurwa.<ref>PEN America (16 April 2012). "[https://pen.org/case-histories-wole-soyinka/ Case Histories: Wole Soyinka]". ''PEN America''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omu myezi mikye y'okubanza bwanyima y'okurekurwa kwe, Soyinka akaguma aha faamu ya munywani we omu mashuuma ga Bufaransa, ahu yaasherwire kuhuumuraho wenka. Akahandiika The Bacchae of Euripides (1969), ekihandiiko kihindwiremu kushushana enfumu ya Pentheus.<ref name=":3">Killam and Rowe (eds), ''The Companion to African Literature'' (2000), p. 276.</ref> Kandi akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebyevugo omuri London, kikwetwa Poems from Prison. Aha muheru gw'omwaka, akagaruka omu ofiisi ye nk'orikukurira eby'emizaano omuri Ibadan.<ref name=":5">"[https://dailytrust.com/things-to-know-about-prof-wole-soyinka-at-89/ Things To Know About Prof Wole Soyinka At 89]". ''[[:en:Daily_Trust|Daily Trust]]''. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omu 1970, akashohoza omuzaano Kongi's Harvest, kandi omu bwire bumwe akaguhindura nk'omuzaano gwa firimu gw'eiziina niryo rimwe, Kongi's Harvest. Omu Kwamukaaga 1970, akamara omuzaano ogundi, ogurikwetwa Madmen and Specialists.<ref>Ajeluorou, Anote (25 July 2015). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/periscoping-a-senseless-war-in-madmen-and-specialists/ Periscoping A Senseless War In Madmen And Specialists]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</ref> Arikukoragana n'ekibiina ky'abazaani 15 ba Ibadan University Theatre Art Company, akagyenda United States, kureeba Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center omuri Waterford, Connecticut, ahu omuzaano gwe oguyabaire ahererukurieyo kuhandiika gwayorekirwe omurundi gwokubanza.[citation needed] Omu 1971, ekitabo kye ky'ebyevugo ekya A Shuttle in the Crypt kikashohozibwa. Madmen and Specialists kikashohozibwa omuri Ibadan omwaka ogwo.<ref>Lee, Christopher J. (25 March 2020). "[http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/reading-wole-soyinka-s-madmen-and-specialists-time-pandemic Reading Wole Soyinka's 'Madmen and Specialists' in a Time of Pandemic]". ''Warscapes''.</ref> Omu Kwakana 1971, ahabw'okwerarikirira aha mbeera y'eby'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria, Soyinka akarekura emirimo ye aha Yunivasite omuri Ibadan, kandi yaatandika emyaka mingi ayetwaire omubuzaahe. kuza omu buzaahe.<ref name=":6">Adegbamigbe, Ademola (13 July 2019). "[https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/07/13/soyinka-at-85-why-i-detained-him-for-2-years-during-civil-war-yakubu-gowon/ Soyinka at 85: 'Why I Detained Him for 2 Years During the Civil War' - Yakubu Gowon]". ''The NEWS''. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</ref> Soyinka akagyenda omuri Paris, Bufaransa, kutwara omurimo gw'okuzaana nka Patrice Lumumba, mukuru w'eihanga w'okubanza rya Repubulika ya Kongo owaisirwe, omu muzaano ogwashohozibwe Joan Littlewood omu kwakataano 1971 ogurikwetwa Murderous Angels, omuzaano gwa Conor Cruise O'Brien ogwabaire nigukwata aha buremeezi bwa Kongo.<ref name=":4">Gibbs, James. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/soyinka-wole-13-july-1934 Soyinka, Wole 1934–]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 September 2021. (Updated by [[:en:Tanure_Ojaide|Tanure Ojaide]].)</ref><ref>[[:en:Biodun_Jeyifo|Jeyifo, Biodun]] (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nwhlgrVqvYkC&q=%22Murderous+Angels%22%3D&pg=PR27 Chronology]". ''Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, and Postcolonialism''. Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;xxvii. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139439084|9781139439084]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri Paris, ebicweka kuruga omu muzaano gwa Soyinka ogurikumanywa munonga The Dance of The Forests bikazaanwa.<ref>Adenekan, Sulaiman (2016). "[https://www.tradenewswire.net/the-pride-of-africa-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-clocks-85-years-serving-humanity-poetically/ The Pride of Africa: Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka clocks 85 years serving humanity poeticall]y". ''Trade Newswire''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Omu 1972, ekitabo kye Season of Anomy hamwe na Collected Plays byona bikashohozibwa Oxford University Press. Ekihandiiko kye ky'ebirikumukwataho ekya The Man Died, ekirikurundaana ebi yaahandiikire omu kihome, nakyo kikashohozibwa omwaka ogwo.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/biographical/ Wole Soyinka | Biographical]", The Nobel Prize, 1986.</ref> Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Honoris Causa doctorate kuruga omu Yunivasite ya Leeds omuri 1973.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/honorary-degree/ Honorary Degree]", Leeds ''African Studies Bulletin'' 19 (November 1973), pp. 1–2. [Professor Soyinka receiving the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from the Chancellor, HRH the Duchess of Kent, on Thursday 17 May 1973 – image from 'Nobel Prize for Leeds Graduate', ''The Reporter'' (the University of Leeds), 258, 24 October 1986.]</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, National Theatre, London, ekashaba kandi yaatongoza omuzaano The Bacchae of Euripides,<ref name=":3" /> kandi emizaano ye Camwood on the Leaves na Jero's Metamorphosis nayo ekaba eri ey'okubanza kushohozibwa. Akamara omwaka gumwe nk'omugyenyi aha Churchill College, Cambridge<ref>Gumbel, Andrew (3 November 2005). "[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/03/theatre3 Wole Soyinka on how he came to write Death and the King's Horseman]". ''The Guardian''.</ref> (1973–74)<ref name=":4" /> kandi yaahandiika Death and the King's Horseman, ekyashomirwe omurundi gw'okubanza aha Churchill College.<ref name=":5" /> Omu 1974, Oxford University Press ekashohoza Soyinka's Collected Plays, Volume II. Akateeraho hamwe ekitabo kya 1975 Poems of Black Africa, ekyashohoziibwe nka kimwe ahakicweka kya Heinemann African Writers Series.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JtqywAEACAAJ Poems of Black Africa]'', Heinemann African Writers Series, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]. <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780435901714|9780435901714]]</bdi>.</ref> Kandi omuri 1975, Soyinka akakuzibwa yaaza aha ntebe y'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka Transition Magazine, akaabaire nikashangwa omu kibuga ekikuru ekya Ghana ekya Accra, ahu yaafurukiire.<ref name=":6" /> Akakoresa ebihandiiko bye omu magaziini kujumirira abo abarikusaasibwa munonga abairaguju (nk'eky'okureeberaho, ekicweka kye "Neo-Tarzanism: Eby'obutegyeki obwa Pseudo-Transition) hamwe n'obutegyeki bw'amahe. Akeesharinga ahabw'obutegyeki bw'amahe obwa Idi Amin omu Uganda. Bwanyima y'empindahinduka omu by'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria hamwe n'okuhenda gavumenti y'amahe eya Gowon omuri 1975, Soyinka akagaruka omu ihanga rye kandi yaagaruka omu mwanya gwe nka mukuru w'okugyeragyeranisa ebyahandiikirwe. omu Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref name=":6" /> === Okushomesa === Kuruga 1975 kuhisya 1999, Soyinka akaheereza nka Purofeesa w'ebitabo ebirikugyeragyeranisibwa aha Obafemi Awolowo University.<ref>Odinaka (31 July 2018). "[https://www.tori.ng/news/102835/the-house-prof-soyinka-lived-in-during-oau-days-tu.html The House Prof. Soyinka Lived In During OAU Days, Turned Into A Campus Museum (Photos)]". ''Tori.ng''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Amerika, akeegyesa aha Cornell University nk'omuhangu wa Goldwin Smith omu kwega aha Afirika hamwe n'eby'emizaano kuruga 1988 kuhisya 1991. Aha Yunivasite ya Emory, akatooranwa nka Robert W. Woodruff Purofeesa w'eby'emikono omuri 1996 kandi atwire ari Purofeesa w'okuhandiika omu Yunivasite ya Nevada, Las Vegas. Soyinka akaheereza scholar-in-residence omu Institute of African American Affairs eya New York University hamwe na Loyola Marymount University omuri Los Angeles, California. Akegyesa n'aha Yunivasite za Cambridge, Oxford, Harvard na Yale. Akaba ari omwegi w'amaani omu kutuura aha Yunivasite ya Duke omuri 2008.<ref>"[https://alumni.duke.edu/magazine/articles/soyinka-stage Soyinka on Stage | Nobel laureate works with student production of his play]". ''Duke Magazine''. No.&#x20;January–February 2011. 31 January 2011. Retrieved 18 April 2021.</ref> Omu Kwaikumi na kubiri 2017, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Europe Theatre Prize omu kicweka kya "Special Prize" category,<ref>Ajibade, Kunle (12 December 2017). "[https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2017/12/12/wole-soyinka-wins-europe-theatre-prize/ Wole Soyinka Wins The Europe Theatre Prize]". ''[[:en:P.M._News|P.M. News]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref><ref>"[https://www.concisenews.global/news/soyinka-wins-2017-the-europe-theatre-prize/ Soyinka Wins 2017 Europe Theatre Prize]". ''Concise News''. 15 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> ekyahairwe omuntu owaabaire "aine ekyayongyeireho omu kuhikiiriza emikoro y'eby'obuhangwa erikureetaho okwetegyereza n'okubagana amagyezi ahagati y'abantu".<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20171225034855/http://www.jamesmurua.com/wole-soyinka-to-receive-europe-theatre-prize-2017/ Wole Soyinka to receive Europe Theatre Prize 2017]". ''James Murua's Literature Blog''. 14 December 2017. Archived from the original on 25 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> Ebiro 1 September 2022, Soyinka akatwara entebe y'okuba Purofeesa w'eby'emizaano aha New York University Abu Dhabi.<ref>"[https://www.wam.ae/en/article/hszrfcet-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-joins-nyu-abu-dhabi Nobel laureate Wole Soyinka joins NYU Abu Dhabi faculty]". Emirates News Agency-WAM. 23 August 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref><ref>"[https://nyuad.nyu.edu/en/academics/divisions/arts-and-humanities/faculty/wole-soyinka.html Wole Soyinka | Arts Professor of Theater]". ''nyuad.nyu.edu''. New York University Abu Dhabi. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref> Omu 1976, akashohoza ekitabo kye ky'ebitebyo Ogun Abibiman, hamwe n'ekitabo ky'ebihandiiko ekiine omutwe Myth, Literature and the African World.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/facts/ The Nobel Prize in Literature 1986]". ''NobelPrize.org''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omuri ebi, Soyinka naashwijuma oburugo bw'oburagwa omu katemba ka Afirika kandi, arikukoresa eby'okureeberaho kuruga omuri Buraaya na Afirika, naagyeragyeranisa kandi akashoboorora eby'obuhangwa. Akaha orubazo rw'omutaano aha itendekyero ry'okushwijuma Afirika aha Yunivasite ya Ghana omuri Legon. Omu Okwaikumi 1976, envunuura ya Bufaransa eya The Dance of The Forests<ref>"[https://abjournals.org/ajchrt/papers/volume-8/issue-1/ghost-dirge-and-the-forest-dance-in-soyinkas-metathysical-play-a-dance-of-the-forests/ Ghost, Dirge and the Forest Dance in Soyinka's Metaphysical Play "A Dance of the Forests]". ''African Journal of Culture, History, Religion and Traditions (AJCHRT)''. 24 November 2024. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> ekazaanwa omuri Dakar. Omu 1977, Opera Wọnyọsi, okuhindura kwe okw'omuzzano gwa Bertolt Brecht, T''he Threepenny Opera'', gukazaanira omuri Ibadan. Omu 1979, Soyinka akebembera kandi yazaana omu muzaano gwa Jon Blair na Norman Fenton ogurikwetwa The Biko Inquest, omzaano ogurikwegamira aha magara ga Steve Biko, omwegi wa South Africa kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe bw'abantu owaateirwe akafa ahabwa pooriisi y'omuri South Africa eyabaire neekuratira engyenderwaho y'okushoroora omu bantu.<ref name=":4" /> Omu 1981 Soyinka akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebirikumukwataho Aké: The Years of Childhood, ekyasingire ekirabo kya 1983 Anisfield-Wolf Book Award.<ref>"[https://www.anisfield-wolf.org/winners/ake-the-years-of-childhood/ Winners: 1983 Nonfiction – Ake]". ''Anisfield-Wolf Book Awards''. Retrieved 9 April 2021.</ref> Soyinka akagumizamu yaatandikaho ekibiina ekindi eky'emizaano, ekya Guerrilla Unit, ekyasherwire kwejumba butunu n'abantu b'omubyaro. Ekigyendererwa kyayo kikaba kiri okubahwera kuteekateeka aha buremeezi bwabo n'okuha eiraka okwetomboitwa kwabo kurabira omu kukora emizaano migufu. Omu 1983, omuzaano gwe Requiem for a Futurologist gukaba guri omuzaano gwagwo gw'okubanza aha Yunivasite ya Ife. Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omwaka ogwo, emwe aha purogyekiti ze z'ebyeshongoro, ekitongore kya Unlimited Liability Company, kikashohoza akatambi k'okweshongora akarikwetwa I Love My Country, ahu abeeshongozi ba Nigeria abarikumanywa baazaaniire ebyeshongoro ebyahandiikirwe Soyinka. Omu 1984, akakora firimu Blues for a Prodigal, eyayorekirwe aha Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref>Gibbs, James (1985). "[https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/03064228508533902 Wole Soyinka's film banned]". ''[[:en:Index_on_Censorship|Index on Censorship]]''. '''14''' (3): 41. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1080/03064228508533902|10.1080/03064228508533902]]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:220929276 220929276] &#x2013; via [[:en:SAGE_Publishing|SAGE Publishing]].</ref> A Play of Giants ekorekwa omwaka nigwo gumwe.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (1984). ''[https://books.google.com.ng/books/about/A_Play_of_Giants.html?id=H3NuQgAACAAJ&redir_esc=y A Play of Giants]''. Methuen. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-413-55290-7|978-0-413-55290-7]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu myaka 1975–84, Soyinka akaba aine amaani omu by'obutegyeki. Aha Yunivasite ya Ife, emirimo ye y'obwebembezi ekaba erimu eby'okwerinda enguuto za gavumenti. Akajumirira obushomankuzi omu gavumenti ya purezidenti Shehu Shagari owaabaire atoorainwe abantu. Shagari ku yaahindwirwe omukuru w'amahe Muhammadu Buhari, Soyinka akaba ari aha rubaju rubi rw'amahe. Omu 1984, kooti emwe omuri Nigeria ekazibira ekitabo kye ekya 1972 The Man Died: Prison Notes.[58] == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == pwwdakcgvwdqddlbkfz4itx6a8v1jm6 7256400 7256397 2026-07-20T09:58:32Z Rooth N 2608660 7256400 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wp/nyn]] '''Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola] 2021, p.&#x20;34.</ref>''', a'''kazaarwa 13 Okwamushanju 1934) n'omuhandiiki Omunigeria, w'emizaano, kandi omuhandiiki w'ebitabo. Akahandiika ebitabo bishatu, by'ebitabo by'emigane mikye eikumi, ebitabo mushanju by'ebyevugo, ebitabo by'emizaano abiri na bitaano, hamwe n'ebitabo bitaano by'ebirikumukwataho.<ref name=":2">Gibbs, James (1986). ''Wole Soyinka''. Basingstoke: [[:en:Macmillan_Publishers|Macmillan]]. p.&#x20;3. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780333305287|9780333305287]]</bdi>.</ref> Ahandiikire ebitabo bibiri ebivunwirwe hamwe n'ebicweka bingi hamwe n'ebitebyo bikye bikye by'okuhandiikisa empapura z'amakuru hamwe n'ebitabo by'obwire bukye. Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel eky'omwaka 1986 omu by'obuhangwa ahabw'okugira ngu akaba naashwijuma "ebintu bingi ebirikukwata aha buhangwa hamwe n'orurimi rw'okwevuga ahabirikukwata aha kubaho kw'abantu".<ref>Abdullahi, Idowu (11 October 2024). "[https://punchng.com/nobel-laureate-award-exposed-me-to-danger-wole-soyinka/ Nobel Laureate award exposed me to danger]". ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Akazaarwa omu ka y'Abakurisitaayo Abayoruba omuri Aké, Abeokuta.<ref>"[https://dawncommission.org/professor-wole-soyinka/ Professor Wole Soyinka – DAWN Commission]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref><ref name=":0">"[https://wolesoyinkalecture.org/about-wole-soyinka-2/ About Wole Soyinka]". ''Wole Soyinka Lecture Series''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Soyinka akatunga obwegyese obw'okumutebeekanisa aha Government College, Ibadan kandi yaagyenda aha University College Ibadan. Omu bwire bw'obwegyese bwe, akatandikaho ekibiina kya Pyrate Confraternity.<ref name=":0" /> Soyinka akaruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza kwega aha Yunivasite ya Leeds. Omu bwire obwo, niwe yaabaire ari omuhandiiki w'akatabo ka yunivasite, The Eagle, atakabaire muhandiiki ow'obutwire omu myaka ya 1950.<ref>"[https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/wole-soyinka/ Wole Soyinka – Narrative Landscape Press]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Bungyereza, akatandika kuhandiika ebitebyo bigufu n'okukora ebihandiiko aha BBC Lecture series. Akahandiika emizaano mingi eyazaanairwe aha reediyo hamwe n'omu myanya y'emizaano omuri Nigeria hamwe na Bungyereza, okukira munonga Royal Court Theatre.<ref>"[https://livingarchive.royalcourttheatre.com/black-plays-1960s/ Black Plays 1960s]". ''Royal Court - Living Archive''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Ebitabo bya Soyinka bingi hamwe n'emizaano ye, nibiteebwaho omuri Nigeria, ekirikworeka ebyafaayo by'eihanga eryo, eby'obuhangwa, hamwe n'oburemeezi bw'eby'obutegyeki. Oyihireho emirimo egi, akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi ebirikujumiirira emitwarize mibi y'abantu omungyeri erikushetsya. Ebihandiiko ebi bikajanjaara omu bantu baingi kandi byakundwa munonga. Atungire obusinguzi n'emizaano ye, otwariiremu The Swamp Dwellers (1958), The Lion and the Jewel (1959), na The Invention (1957), omuzaano gumwe ahayabandize, ogwakoriirwe aha Royal Court Theatre. Soyinka ahandiikire ebitabo bingi, otwariiremu The Interpreters (1965), Season of Anomy (1973), Death and the King's Horseman, Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth (2021), na Harmattan Haze on an African Spring (2012). Omu Kwamushanju 2024, Bola Tinubu akahindura eiziina ry'ekishengye ky'emizaano ekya National Arts Theatre ahanyima ya Soyinka aha mazaarwa ge ag'emyaka 90. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Soyinka akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju 1934 omuri Ake, Abeokuta, Nigeria omu ka y'Abakristaayo ey'obuzaare bw'Abayoruba. Akaba ari owa kabiri omu baana mushanju[a] ba Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, omuheereza w'Abakuristayo kandi mukuru w'eishomero kuruga omu ruganda rw'obugabe orwa Isara-Remo[<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1988 Gibbs 1988], pp.&#x20;526.</ref> hamwe na Grace Soyinka (née Jenkins-Harrison), omushubuuzi kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe kuruga omu ruganda rwa Ransome-Kuti.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFMaduakor1986 Maduakor 1986], pp.&#x20;227.</ref> Nyina Grace hamwe n'ab'eka ye, aba Ransome-Kutis, bakaba bari ab'eka y'amaani omuri Nigeria<ref>Staff writer (9 May 2014). "[https://businessday.ng/family-and-relationships/article/great-dynasties-the-ransome-kutis/ Great Dynasties:The Ransome-Kutis]". ''[[:en:BusinessDay_(Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> abarikugambwaho nk'ekigarukwamu kya Nigeria aha ka ya Kennedy omuri United States. Owaabatandikireho, omusesorodooti w'Abakuristaayo J. J. Ransome-Kuti, akaba ari omuntu w'okubanza omu ihanga rye omu by'okushohoza ebyeshongoro omu myaka ya 1920.<ref>Sansom, Ian. "[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/11/fela-kuti-great-dynasties-ian-sansom Great Dynasties: The Ransome-Kutis]". ''theguardian.com''. Retrieved 17 January 2026.</ref> Kuruga 1940 kuhistya 1946, Soyinka akaba naashoma aha St. Peters Primary School, ahu ishe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eishomero.<ref>"[https://guardian.ng/art/genius-of-the-unconventional-and-the-patterning-of-dualities-wole-soyinkas-early-childhood-part-3/ Genius of the unconventional and the patterning of dualities: Wole Soyinka's early childhood]". ''T[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|he Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akashomera siniya ye Abeokuta Grammar School kandi okushoma kwe okw'okweteekateekyera Yunivasite aha Government College, Ibadan kuruga 1946 kuhisya 1951.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/soyinka-wole-1934/ Wole Soyinka (1934- )]". ''[[:en:BlackPast.org|BlackPast.org]]''. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akaheebwa omwanya omu University College Ibadan, ahu yaashomire ebyahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza, Orugriika, hamwe n'ebyafaayo by'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kuruga 1952 kuhisya 1954.<ref name=":1">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola 2021], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Omu myaka ye y'ahamuheru omu yunivasite, akahandiika omuzaano mugufu aha reediyo, Keffi's Birthday Treat, ogwashohwire omu Kwamushanju 1954 kuruga omu kitongore kya Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1980 Gibbs 1980], p.&#x20;21.</ref> Hamwe n'abeegi bagyenzi be otwariiremu Olumuyiwa Awẹ, Ralph Opara, Aig-Imoukhuede, na Pius Olegbe, akatandikaho ekibiina ekirikwetwa National Association of Seadogs, ekibiina ky'okubanza omuri Nigeria.<ref name=":1" /> Soyinka akafuruka kuruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza omuri 1954 kugumizamu n'emishomo ye omu byahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza aha Yunivasite ya Leeds arikureebererwa G. Wilson Knight.<ref>''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFEncyclopedia_Britannica2024 Encyclopedia Britannica]'' 2024.</ref> Okusharamu kw'okushoma aheeru y'eihanga omu bwire obwo obu okushoma diguri ya kabiri kyabaire kitarikubaho omuri Ibadan kikaba kiri kurabira omuri Joyce M. Green, omukazi Omungyereza owaizire omu University College, Ibadan kuruga Cambridge omuri 1950, kandi owaabaire ari omwe aha beegyesa ba Soyinka kandi owaabaire amuhaire ekihandiiko kirungi eky'okumugambaho omuri Leeds.<ref>Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi (28 July 2019). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/soyinkas-early-romance-with-england-1954-1959-a-cold-chapter-for-an-anti-form-rebel-part-1/ Soyinka's early romance with England 1954-1959: A cold chapter for an anti-form rebel]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 8 January 2026.</ref> Aha yunivasite ya Leeds, akaheereza nk'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka yunivasite akarikushetsya, The Eagle, omuri ako yaahandiika ekicweka aha magara g'eby'okushoma. Omu Kwamunaana 1955, akatandika kukwata ebyeshongoro aha BBC Lecture kandi yaahandiika ebitebyo bigufu nyingi. Omuri 1957, akasingura empaka z'okugamba ezirikubaho buri mwaka ezirikuteebwaho Yunivasite.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFLindfors1974 Lindfors 1974], pp.&#x20;471–486.</ref> == Emirimo == === 1957–1967: Omurimo gwe gw'okubanza === Soyinka akaguma omuri Leeds bwanyima y'okutunga diguri ye eya BA honours omu Rungyereza omuri 1957.<ref name=":2" /> Omu 1957, akatandika kuhandiika emizaano ye ey'okubanza, ''Swamp Dwellers'' na ''The Lion and the Jewel''. Soyinka akaza London kandi yaakora nk'omushomi w'emizaano aha Royal Court Theatre. Akebembera ekibiina kya Nigerian Drama Group ekyakozire The Swamp Dwellers omuri 1958. Omu bwire obwo, emizaano ye ebiri ekazaanwa omuri Ibadan, Nigeria. Omuri 1957, omuzaano gwe, The Invention, gukashohozibwa aha Royal Court Theatre omuri London, kandi gukaba guri omurimo gwe gw'okubanza aha.<ref>"Wole Soyinka". ''African Biography''. Detroit, MI: Gale (published 2 December 2006). 1999. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-2823-9|978-0-7876-2823-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akahandiika ebyevugo, otwariiremu "''The Immigrant''" hamwe na "''My Next Door Neighbour''", ebyareebekire omuri Black Orpheus. Omuri 1959, Soyinka akagaruka Nigeria bwanyima y'okutunga obuhwezi bwa Rockefeller Research Fellowship ahabw'okucondooza kwe aha by'emizaano ya Afirika. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe omwaka nigwo gumwe, akaza omu mwanya gwa Janheinz Jahn nk'omwe ahabahandiiki babiri bakuru ba Black Orpheus.<ref>Jacobs, Alan. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/trials-brother-jero The Trials Of Brother Jero]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu 1960, akamara omuzaano gwe ogwa reediyo Camwood on the Leaves, kandi n'omuzaano gwe ''The Trials of Brother Jero'' gukatongozibwa omu Mellanby Hall residence of University College Ibadan omu Kwakana 1960. Akakora ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Mask omu myaka ya 1960. Omuzaano gwe ogwa A Dance of The Forest, gukatongozibwa nk'omuzaano gw'eizooba ry'okwetegyeka kwa Nigeria, kandi ebiro 1 Okwaikumi 1960, gukatongozibwa omuri Lagos.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[[:en:BlackPast.org|Wole Soyinka (1934- )". ''BlackPast.org'']]. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Omuzaano gwa Soyinka ogw'okubanza ogurikwetwa My Father's Burden, gukaba nigwebemberwa Olusegun Olusola kandi gukaba nigworekwa aha Western Nigeria Television ebiro 6 Okwamunaana 1960.<ref>Uzoatu, Uzor Maxim (5 October 2013). "[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/146108-essential-soyinka-timeline-uzor-maxim-uzoatu.html The Essential Soyinka Timeline]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref> Omu 1962, Soyinka akahandiika ebihandiiko birikurwanirira okushoma n'okuhandiika omuri Nigeria omu bwire obwo otwariiremu "Death of the King's Horsemen" hamwe na "Towards a True Theater", ebyashohoziibwe omu Transition Magazine.<ref>Amayi, Zakayo (22 June 2013). "[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/standard-entertainment/article/2000086475/soyinkas-grumpy-battles-to-defend-literary-legacy Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's grumpy battles to defend literary legacy]". Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa aha Obafemi Awolowo University omuri Ifẹ. Omu 1963, firimu ye y'okubanza, Culture in Transition, ekashohozibwa. Soyinka akarekura omurimo gwe aha Yunivasite omuri 1964, nk'okwesharinga ahabw'emitwarize y'okushagika gavumenti eyateirweho ab'obushoborozi. Akagira ngu ab'obushoborozi omu yunivasite bakakwatanisa eitendekyero n'obutegyeki bwa Samuel Ladoke Akintola obwabaire butarikukundwa. Omu bwire obwo, akakora The Lion and the Jewel<ref>"[https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/critical-responses-to-african-theatre-wole-soyinkas-the-lion-and-the-jewel-by-professor-martin-banham/ Critical Responses to African Theatre: Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel by Professor Martin Banham | Black Plays Archive]". ''www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> omu siizoni y'emizaano omu Rungyereza na Yoruba hamwe n'okutandikaho The Orisun Theatre Company, guruupu ya theatre. Omu 1965, akakora omuzaano gwa gurikujumirira emitwarize mibi omungyeru erikushestya, ''Before the Blackout''.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/african-theatre-soyinka/ Review of African Theatre Soyinka: Blackout, Blowout and Beyond | Centre for African Studies (LUCAS)]". ''lucas.leeds.ac.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuzano gwe, Kongi's Harvest, gukatandika omu Kwamunaana omuri Lagos. Ebiro 14 September 1965, omuzaano gwe The Road gukatandika kworekwa omuri London aha Commonwealth Arts Festival hamwe na Theatre Royal Stratford East. Soyinka akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa mukuru aha Yunivasite ya Lagos. Juba, ekitabo kye ekisya The Interpreters kikashohozibwa André Deutsch omuri London. Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akakomwa omurundi gw'okubanza, yaajunaanwa okukwata reediyo aha mbundu akahindura akatambi k'ebigambo by'enganzi y'ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba n'akatambi akarikujunaana okwiba akaruuru. Akarekurwa bwanyima y'ameezi agamwe g'okukomwa ahabw'okwesharinga kw'abantu b'ensi yoona abahandiiki. Akahandiika n'ekitabo The Detainee, omuzaano gwa reediyo ogwashohozibwe BBC omuri London.<ref>Ezugwu, Obinna (19 July 2021). "[https://hallmarknews.com/salute-to-kongi-at-87/ Salute To Kongi At 87]". ''hallmarknews.com''. Retrieved 13 August 2022.</ref> === 1966–1968: Orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria === Bwanyima y'okuba Mukuru w'ekibiina ky'emizaano aha Yunivasite ya Ibadan, Soyinka akatandika kwejumba omu by'obutegyeki. Bwanyima y'amahe okuhamba obutegyeki omu kwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1966, akabugana omu kihama Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, gavana w'amahe ow'amashuuma g'oburugwa izooba bwa Nigeria omu kugyezaho okuzibira orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria.<ref>"[https://howng.com/professor-wole-soyinka-full-biographylife-and-news/ Professor Wole Soyinka Full Biography, Life And News]". ''howng.com''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Akaza n'omuri Ẹnugu, ahu yabugaine mugyenzi we Omuyoruba, Victor Banjọ, orikukora na gavumenti ya Biafra. Soyinka, owaashabire obushagiki bw'abeebembezi b'amahe omu kicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, akahitsya obutumwa bwa Banjo ahari Lieutenant Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo, owaabaire atoorainwe nk'omuduumizi w'amahe g'omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba. Omumwebazyo gw'akana, Soyinka agarukire omu mahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, amahe ga Biafra gakatahirira ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Bwanyima y'okutwara oburengyerwa-izooba, Soyinka akabugana Obasanjo kumugambira ekigyendererwa ky'Ababiafra ahabwokuba Obasanjo akaba yaacwiremu kwegaita aha gavumenti ya Nigeria. Kwonka okutahirira kwa Biafra ahagati yóburegyerwa eizooba kikarugamu okuhoorera okwakozirwe amahe ga gavumenti eya federo, kandi orutaro rw'omunda rukatandika. Obasanjo akashoboorora gavumenti ya Nigeria orukiiko rwe na Soyinka, yarangirira Soyinka nk'omuheekyera, n'ahabw'ekyo akakwatwa ab'obushoborozi bwa federo kandi yaakomwa kumara emyezi 22.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/07/27/wole.soyinka/index.html Wole Soyinka: Nigeria's Nobel Laureate]". ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. 1 August 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2026.</ref> Akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi n'byevugo arikujuumirira gavumenti ya Nigeria obu yaabaire ari omu kihome.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (2006), ''You Must Set Forth at Dawn'', p. 6.</ref> Omu kutandika kwa 1967, ebihandiiko bye Kongi’s Harvest na Idanre and Other Poems bikashohozibwa.<ref>"[https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/engp06/chapter/wole-soyinka-kongis-harvest/ Wole Soyinka, Kongi's Harvest – African & Caribbean Writing in English]". ''ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Ari na Tom Stoppard, akatunga ekirabo kya John Whiting omuri London. Akatooranwa kuba mukuru w'eishomero rya Drama, Yunivasite ya Ibadan kwonka akaremwa kutwara entebe egyo ahabw'okubohwa omu kwezi kwa munaana. N'obu araabe yaabaire ari omu kihome, omuzaano gwe ogurikwetwa The Lion and The Jewel gukagumizamu gwashohozibwa omuri Accra, Ghana omu Kwamwenda 1967. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Strong Breed bikashohozibwa aba Off-Broadway omu Greenwich Mews Theatre omuri New York City. Omuri 1968, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Jock Campbell-New Statesman Award. Ekibiina kya Negro Ensemble Company kikashohoza Kongi's Harvest aha St. Mark's Theatre, New York.<ref>"[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,838330,00.html Theater: Kongi's Harvest]". ''Time''. 26 April 1968. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X 0040-781X]. Retrieved 7 May 2022.</ref> Akavunuura D. O. Fagunwa's Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irunmale kuruga omu rurimi rwa Yoruba kuza omu Rungyereza. Kikashohozibwa nka The Forest of a Thousand Demons: A Hunter's Saga. === Okurekurwa n'okushohoza ebitabo. === Omu Okwaikumi 1969, emyezi mikye erikuburayo orutaro rw'omunda rukahwa, okusaasira kukarangirirwa, Soyinka hamwe n'abandi basibe b'eby'obutegyeki barekurwa.<ref>PEN America (16 April 2012). "[https://pen.org/case-histories-wole-soyinka/ Case Histories: Wole Soyinka]". ''PEN America''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omu myezi mikye y'okubanza bwanyima y'okurekurwa kwe, Soyinka akaguma aha faamu ya munywani we omu mashuuma ga Bufaransa, ahu yaasherwire kuhuumuraho wenka. Akahandiika The Bacchae of Euripides (1969), ekihandiiko kihindwiremu kushushana enfumu ya Pentheus.<ref name=":3">Killam and Rowe (eds), ''The Companion to African Literature'' (2000), p. 276.</ref> Kandi akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebyevugo omuri London, kikwetwa Poems from Prison. Aha muheru gw'omwaka, akagaruka omu ofiisi ye nk'orikukurira eby'emizaano omuri Ibadan.<ref name=":5">"[https://dailytrust.com/things-to-know-about-prof-wole-soyinka-at-89/ Things To Know About Prof Wole Soyinka At 89]". ''[[:en:Daily_Trust|Daily Trust]]''. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omu 1970, akashohoza omuzaano Kongi's Harvest, kandi omu bwire bumwe akaguhindura nk'omuzaano gwa firimu gw'eiziina niryo rimwe, Kongi's Harvest. Omu Kwamukaaga 1970, akamara omuzaano ogundi, ogurikwetwa Madmen and Specialists.<ref>Ajeluorou, Anote (25 July 2015). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/periscoping-a-senseless-war-in-madmen-and-specialists/ Periscoping A Senseless War In Madmen And Specialists]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</ref> Arikukoragana n'ekibiina ky'abazaani 15 ba Ibadan University Theatre Art Company, akagyenda United States, kureeba Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center omuri Waterford, Connecticut, ahu omuzaano gwe oguyabaire ahererukurieyo kuhandiika gwayorekirwe omurundi gwokubanza.[citation needed] Omu 1971, ekitabo kye ky'ebyevugo ekya A Shuttle in the Crypt kikashohozibwa. Madmen and Specialists kikashohozibwa omuri Ibadan omwaka ogwo.<ref>Lee, Christopher J. (25 March 2020). "[http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/reading-wole-soyinka-s-madmen-and-specialists-time-pandemic Reading Wole Soyinka's 'Madmen and Specialists' in a Time of Pandemic]". ''Warscapes''.</ref> Omu Kwakana 1971, ahabw'okwerarikirira aha mbeera y'eby'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria, Soyinka akarekura emirimo ye aha Yunivasite omuri Ibadan, kandi yaatandika emyaka mingi ayetwaire omubuzaahe. kuza omu buzaahe.<ref name=":6">Adegbamigbe, Ademola (13 July 2019). "[https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/07/13/soyinka-at-85-why-i-detained-him-for-2-years-during-civil-war-yakubu-gowon/ Soyinka at 85: 'Why I Detained Him for 2 Years During the Civil War' - Yakubu Gowon]". ''The NEWS''. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</ref> Soyinka akagyenda omuri Paris, Bufaransa, kutwara omurimo gw'okuzaana nka Patrice Lumumba, mukuru w'eihanga w'okubanza rya Repubulika ya Kongo owaisirwe, omu muzaano ogwashohozibwe Joan Littlewood omu kwakataano 1971 ogurikwetwa Murderous Angels, omuzaano gwa Conor Cruise O'Brien ogwabaire nigukwata aha buremeezi bwa Kongo.<ref name=":4">Gibbs, James. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/soyinka-wole-13-july-1934 Soyinka, Wole 1934–]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 September 2021. (Updated by [[:en:Tanure_Ojaide|Tanure Ojaide]].)</ref><ref>[[:en:Biodun_Jeyifo|Jeyifo, Biodun]] (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nwhlgrVqvYkC&q=%22Murderous+Angels%22%3D&pg=PR27 Chronology]". ''Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, and Postcolonialism''. Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;xxvii. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139439084|9781139439084]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri Paris, ebicweka kuruga omu muzaano gwa Soyinka ogurikumanywa munonga The Dance of The Forests bikazaanwa.<ref>Adenekan, Sulaiman (2016). "[https://www.tradenewswire.net/the-pride-of-africa-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-clocks-85-years-serving-humanity-poetically/ The Pride of Africa: Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka clocks 85 years serving humanity poeticall]y". ''Trade Newswire''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Omu 1972, ekitabo kye Season of Anomy hamwe na Collected Plays byona bikashohozibwa Oxford University Press. Ekihandiiko kye ky'ebirikumukwataho ekya The Man Died, ekirikurundaana ebi yaahandiikire omu kihome, nakyo kikashohozibwa omwaka ogwo.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/biographical/ Wole Soyinka | Biographical]", The Nobel Prize, 1986.</ref> Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Honoris Causa doctorate kuruga omu Yunivasite ya Leeds omuri 1973.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/honorary-degree/ Honorary Degree]", Leeds ''African Studies Bulletin'' 19 (November 1973), pp. 1–2. [Professor Soyinka receiving the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from the Chancellor, HRH the Duchess of Kent, on Thursday 17 May 1973 – image from 'Nobel Prize for Leeds Graduate', ''The Reporter'' (the University of Leeds), 258, 24 October 1986.]</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, National Theatre, London, ekashaba kandi yaatongoza omuzaano The Bacchae of Euripides,<ref name=":3" /> kandi emizaano ye Camwood on the Leaves na Jero's Metamorphosis nayo ekaba eri ey'okubanza kushohozibwa. Akamara omwaka gumwe nk'omugyenyi aha Churchill College, Cambridge<ref>Gumbel, Andrew (3 November 2005). "[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/03/theatre3 Wole Soyinka on how he came to write Death and the King's Horseman]". ''The Guardian''.</ref> (1973–74)<ref name=":4" /> kandi yaahandiika Death and the King's Horseman, ekyashomirwe omurundi gw'okubanza aha Churchill College.<ref name=":5" /> Omu 1974, Oxford University Press ekashohoza Soyinka's Collected Plays, Volume II. Akateeraho hamwe ekitabo kya 1975 Poems of Black Africa, ekyashohoziibwe nka kimwe ahakicweka kya Heinemann African Writers Series.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JtqywAEACAAJ Poems of Black Africa]'', Heinemann African Writers Series, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]. <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780435901714|9780435901714]]</bdi>.</ref> Kandi omuri 1975, Soyinka akakuzibwa yaaza aha ntebe y'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka Transition Magazine, akaabaire nikashangwa omu kibuga ekikuru ekya Ghana ekya Accra, ahu yaafurukiire.<ref name=":6" /> Akakoresa ebihandiiko bye omu magaziini kujumirira abo abarikusaasibwa munonga abairaguju (nk'eky'okureeberaho, ekicweka kye "Neo-Tarzanism: Eby'obutegyeki obwa Pseudo-Transition) hamwe n'obutegyeki bw'amahe. Akeesharinga ahabw'obutegyeki bw'amahe obwa Idi Amin omu Uganda. Bwanyima y'empindahinduka omu by'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria hamwe n'okuhenda gavumenti y'amahe eya Gowon omuri 1975, Soyinka akagaruka omu ihanga rye kandi yaagaruka omu mwanya gwe nka mukuru w'okugyeragyeranisa ebyahandiikirwe. omu Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref name=":6" /> === Okushomesa === Kuruga 1975 kuhisya 1999, Soyinka akaheereza nka Purofeesa w'ebitabo ebirikugyeragyeranisibwa aha Obafemi Awolowo University.<ref>Odinaka (31 July 2018). "[https://www.tori.ng/news/102835/the-house-prof-soyinka-lived-in-during-oau-days-tu.html The House Prof. Soyinka Lived In During OAU Days, Turned Into A Campus Museum (Photos)]". ''Tori.ng''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Amerika, akeegyesa aha Cornell University nk'omuhangu wa Goldwin Smith omu kwega aha Afirika hamwe n'eby'emizaano kuruga 1988 kuhisya 1991. Aha Yunivasite ya Emory, akatooranwa nka Robert W. Woodruff Purofeesa w'eby'emikono omuri 1996 kandi atwire ari Purofeesa w'okuhandiika omu Yunivasite ya Nevada, Las Vegas. Soyinka akaheereza scholar-in-residence omu Institute of African American Affairs eya New York University hamwe na Loyola Marymount University omuri Los Angeles, California. Akegyesa n'aha Yunivasite za Cambridge, Oxford, Harvard na Yale. Akaba ari omwegi w'amaani omu kutuura aha Yunivasite ya Duke omuri 2008.<ref>"[https://alumni.duke.edu/magazine/articles/soyinka-stage Soyinka on Stage | Nobel laureate works with student production of his play]". ''Duke Magazine''. No.&#x20;January–February 2011. 31 January 2011. Retrieved 18 April 2021.</ref> Omu Kwaikumi na kubiri 2017, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Europe Theatre Prize omu kicweka kya "Special Prize" category,<ref>Ajibade, Kunle (12 December 2017). "[https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2017/12/12/wole-soyinka-wins-europe-theatre-prize/ Wole Soyinka Wins The Europe Theatre Prize]". ''[[:en:P.M._News|P.M. News]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref><ref>"[https://www.concisenews.global/news/soyinka-wins-2017-the-europe-theatre-prize/ Soyinka Wins 2017 Europe Theatre Prize]". ''Concise News''. 15 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> ekyahairwe omuntu owaabaire "aine ekyayongyeireho omu kuhikiiriza emikoro y'eby'obuhangwa erikureetaho okwetegyereza n'okubagana amagyezi ahagati y'abantu".<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20171225034855/http://www.jamesmurua.com/wole-soyinka-to-receive-europe-theatre-prize-2017/ Wole Soyinka to receive Europe Theatre Prize 2017]". ''James Murua's Literature Blog''. 14 December 2017. Archived from the original on 25 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> Ebiro 1 September 2022, Soyinka akatwara entebe y'okuba Purofeesa w'eby'emizaano aha New York University Abu Dhabi.<ref>"[https://www.wam.ae/en/article/hszrfcet-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-joins-nyu-abu-dhabi Nobel laureate Wole Soyinka joins NYU Abu Dhabi faculty]". Emirates News Agency-WAM. 23 August 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref><ref>"[https://nyuad.nyu.edu/en/academics/divisions/arts-and-humanities/faculty/wole-soyinka.html Wole Soyinka | Arts Professor of Theater]". ''nyuad.nyu.edu''. New York University Abu Dhabi. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref> Omu 1976, akashohoza ekitabo kye ky'ebitebyo Ogun Abibiman, hamwe n'ekitabo ky'ebihandiiko ekiine omutwe Myth, Literature and the African World.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/facts/ The Nobel Prize in Literature 1986]". ''NobelPrize.org''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omuri ebi, Soyinka naashwijuma oburugo bw'oburagwa omu katemba ka Afirika kandi, arikukoresa eby'okureeberaho kuruga omuri Buraaya na Afirika, naagyeragyeranisa kandi akashoboorora eby'obuhangwa. Akaha orubazo rw'omutaano aha itendekyero ry'okushwijuma Afirika aha Yunivasite ya Ghana omuri Legon. Omu Okwaikumi 1976, envunuura ya Bufaransa eya The Dance of The Forests<ref>"[https://abjournals.org/ajchrt/papers/volume-8/issue-1/ghost-dirge-and-the-forest-dance-in-soyinkas-metathysical-play-a-dance-of-the-forests/ Ghost, Dirge and the Forest Dance in Soyinka's Metaphysical Play "A Dance of the Forests]". ''African Journal of Culture, History, Religion and Traditions (AJCHRT)''. 24 November 2024. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> ekazaanwa omuri Dakar. Omu 1977, Opera Wọnyọsi, okuhindura kwe okw'omuzzano gwa Bertolt Brecht, T''he Threepenny Opera'', gukazaanira omuri Ibadan. Omu 1979, Soyinka akebembera kandi yazaana omu muzaano gwa Jon Blair na Norman Fenton ogurikwetwa The Biko Inquest, omzaano ogurikwegamira aha magara ga Steve Biko, omwegi wa South Africa kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe bw'abantu owaateirwe akafa ahabwa pooriisi y'omuri South Africa eyabaire neekuratira engyenderwaho y'okushoroora omu bantu.<ref name=":4" /> Omu 1981 Soyinka akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebirikumukwataho Aké: The Years of Childhood, ekyasingire ekirabo kya 1983 Anisfield-Wolf Book Award.<ref>"[https://www.anisfield-wolf.org/winners/ake-the-years-of-childhood/ Winners: 1983 Nonfiction – Ake]". ''Anisfield-Wolf Book Awards''. Retrieved 9 April 2021.</ref> Soyinka akagumizamu yaatandikaho ekibiina ekindi eky'emizaano, ekya Guerrilla Unit, ekyasherwire kwejumba butunu n'abantu b'omubyaro. Ekigyendererwa kyayo kikaba kiri okubahwera kuteekateeka aha buremeezi bwabo n'okuha eiraka okwetomboitwa kwabo kurabira omu kukora emizaano migufu. Omu 1983, omuzaano gwe Requiem for a Futurologist gukaba guri omuzaano gwagwo gw'okubanza aha Yunivasite ya Ife. Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omwaka ogwo, emwe aha purogyekiti ze z'ebyeshongoro, ekitongore kya Unlimited Liability Company, kikashohoza akatambi k'okweshongora akarikwetwa I Love My Country, ahu abeeshongozi ba Nigeria abarikumanywa baazaaniire ebyeshongoro ebyahandiikirwe Soyinka. Omu 1984, akakora firimu Blues for a Prodigal, eyayorekirwe aha Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref>Gibbs, James (1985). "[https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/03064228508533902 Wole Soyinka's film banned]". ''[[:en:Index_on_Censorship|Index on Censorship]]''. '''14''' (3): 41. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1080/03064228508533902|10.1080/03064228508533902]]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:220929276 220929276] &#x2013; via [[:en:SAGE_Publishing|SAGE Publishing]].</ref> A Play of Giants ekorekwa omwaka nigwo gumwe.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (1984). ''[https://books.google.com.ng/books/about/A_Play_of_Giants.html?id=H3NuQgAACAAJ&redir_esc=y A Play of Giants]''. Methuen. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-413-55290-7|978-0-413-55290-7]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu myaka 1975–84, Soyinka akaba aine amaani omu by'obutegyeki. Aha Yunivasite ya Ife, emirimo ye y'obwebembezi ekaba erimu eby'okwerinda enguuto za gavumenti. Akajumirira obushomankuzi omu gavumenti ya purezidenti Shehu Shagari owaabaire atoorainwe abantu. Shagari ku yaahindwirwe omukuru w'amahe Muhammadu Buhari, Soyinka akaba ari aha rubaju rubi rw'amahe. Omu 1984, kooti emwe omuri Nigeria ekazibira ekitabo kye ekya 1972 The Man Died: Prison Notes.[58] Omu 1985, omuzaano gwe Requiem for a Futurologist gukashohozibwa omuri aba Rex Collings omuri London.[59] == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == nfuijzjvfj0y75xkunfgh9v44ztqsy6 7256404 7256400 2026-07-20T10:00:08Z Rooth N 2608660 7256404 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wp/nyn]] '''Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola] 2021, p.&#x20;34.</ref>''', a'''kazaarwa 13 Okwamushanju 1934) n'omuhandiiki Omunigeria, w'emizaano, kandi omuhandiiki w'ebitabo. Akahandiika ebitabo bishatu, by'ebitabo by'emigane mikye eikumi, ebitabo mushanju by'ebyevugo, ebitabo by'emizaano abiri na bitaano, hamwe n'ebitabo bitaano by'ebirikumukwataho.<ref name=":2">Gibbs, James (1986). ''Wole Soyinka''. Basingstoke: [[:en:Macmillan_Publishers|Macmillan]]. p.&#x20;3. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780333305287|9780333305287]]</bdi>.</ref> Ahandiikire ebitabo bibiri ebivunwirwe hamwe n'ebicweka bingi hamwe n'ebitebyo bikye bikye by'okuhandiikisa empapura z'amakuru hamwe n'ebitabo by'obwire bukye. Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel eky'omwaka 1986 omu by'obuhangwa ahabw'okugira ngu akaba naashwijuma "ebintu bingi ebirikukwata aha buhangwa hamwe n'orurimi rw'okwevuga ahabirikukwata aha kubaho kw'abantu".<ref>Abdullahi, Idowu (11 October 2024). "[https://punchng.com/nobel-laureate-award-exposed-me-to-danger-wole-soyinka/ Nobel Laureate award exposed me to danger]". ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Akazaarwa omu ka y'Abakurisitaayo Abayoruba omuri Aké, Abeokuta.<ref>"[https://dawncommission.org/professor-wole-soyinka/ Professor Wole Soyinka – DAWN Commission]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref><ref name=":0">"[https://wolesoyinkalecture.org/about-wole-soyinka-2/ About Wole Soyinka]". ''Wole Soyinka Lecture Series''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Soyinka akatunga obwegyese obw'okumutebeekanisa aha Government College, Ibadan kandi yaagyenda aha University College Ibadan. Omu bwire bw'obwegyese bwe, akatandikaho ekibiina kya Pyrate Confraternity.<ref name=":0" /> Soyinka akaruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza kwega aha Yunivasite ya Leeds. Omu bwire obwo, niwe yaabaire ari omuhandiiki w'akatabo ka yunivasite, The Eagle, atakabaire muhandiiki ow'obutwire omu myaka ya 1950.<ref>"[https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/wole-soyinka/ Wole Soyinka – Narrative Landscape Press]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Bungyereza, akatandika kuhandiika ebitebyo bigufu n'okukora ebihandiiko aha BBC Lecture series. Akahandiika emizaano mingi eyazaanairwe aha reediyo hamwe n'omu myanya y'emizaano omuri Nigeria hamwe na Bungyereza, okukira munonga Royal Court Theatre.<ref>"[https://livingarchive.royalcourttheatre.com/black-plays-1960s/ Black Plays 1960s]". ''Royal Court - Living Archive''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Ebitabo bya Soyinka bingi hamwe n'emizaano ye, nibiteebwaho omuri Nigeria, ekirikworeka ebyafaayo by'eihanga eryo, eby'obuhangwa, hamwe n'oburemeezi bw'eby'obutegyeki. Oyihireho emirimo egi, akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi ebirikujumiirira emitwarize mibi y'abantu omungyeri erikushetsya. Ebihandiiko ebi bikajanjaara omu bantu baingi kandi byakundwa munonga. Atungire obusinguzi n'emizaano ye, otwariiremu The Swamp Dwellers (1958), The Lion and the Jewel (1959), na The Invention (1957), omuzaano gumwe ahayabandize, ogwakoriirwe aha Royal Court Theatre. Soyinka ahandiikire ebitabo bingi, otwariiremu The Interpreters (1965), Season of Anomy (1973), Death and the King's Horseman, Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth (2021), na Harmattan Haze on an African Spring (2012). Omu Kwamushanju 2024, Bola Tinubu akahindura eiziina ry'ekishengye ky'emizaano ekya National Arts Theatre ahanyima ya Soyinka aha mazaarwa ge ag'emyaka 90. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Soyinka akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju 1934 omuri Ake, Abeokuta, Nigeria omu ka y'Abakristaayo ey'obuzaare bw'Abayoruba. Akaba ari owa kabiri omu baana mushanju[a] ba Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, omuheereza w'Abakuristayo kandi mukuru w'eishomero kuruga omu ruganda rw'obugabe orwa Isara-Remo[<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1988 Gibbs 1988], pp.&#x20;526.</ref> hamwe na Grace Soyinka (née Jenkins-Harrison), omushubuuzi kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe kuruga omu ruganda rwa Ransome-Kuti.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFMaduakor1986 Maduakor 1986], pp.&#x20;227.</ref> Nyina Grace hamwe n'ab'eka ye, aba Ransome-Kutis, bakaba bari ab'eka y'amaani omuri Nigeria<ref>Staff writer (9 May 2014). "[https://businessday.ng/family-and-relationships/article/great-dynasties-the-ransome-kutis/ Great Dynasties:The Ransome-Kutis]". ''[[:en:BusinessDay_(Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> abarikugambwaho nk'ekigarukwamu kya Nigeria aha ka ya Kennedy omuri United States. Owaabatandikireho, omusesorodooti w'Abakuristaayo J. J. Ransome-Kuti, akaba ari omuntu w'okubanza omu ihanga rye omu by'okushohoza ebyeshongoro omu myaka ya 1920.<ref>Sansom, Ian. "[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/11/fela-kuti-great-dynasties-ian-sansom Great Dynasties: The Ransome-Kutis]". ''theguardian.com''. Retrieved 17 January 2026.</ref> Kuruga 1940 kuhistya 1946, Soyinka akaba naashoma aha St. Peters Primary School, ahu ishe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eishomero.<ref>"[https://guardian.ng/art/genius-of-the-unconventional-and-the-patterning-of-dualities-wole-soyinkas-early-childhood-part-3/ Genius of the unconventional and the patterning of dualities: Wole Soyinka's early childhood]". ''T[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|he Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akashomera siniya ye Abeokuta Grammar School kandi okushoma kwe okw'okweteekateekyera Yunivasite aha Government College, Ibadan kuruga 1946 kuhisya 1951.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/soyinka-wole-1934/ Wole Soyinka (1934- )]". ''[[:en:BlackPast.org|BlackPast.org]]''. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akaheebwa omwanya omu University College Ibadan, ahu yaashomire ebyahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza, Orugriika, hamwe n'ebyafaayo by'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kuruga 1952 kuhisya 1954.<ref name=":1">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola 2021], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Omu myaka ye y'ahamuheru omu yunivasite, akahandiika omuzaano mugufu aha reediyo, Keffi's Birthday Treat, ogwashohwire omu Kwamushanju 1954 kuruga omu kitongore kya Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1980 Gibbs 1980], p.&#x20;21.</ref> Hamwe n'abeegi bagyenzi be otwariiremu Olumuyiwa Awẹ, Ralph Opara, Aig-Imoukhuede, na Pius Olegbe, akatandikaho ekibiina ekirikwetwa National Association of Seadogs, ekibiina ky'okubanza omuri Nigeria.<ref name=":1" /> Soyinka akafuruka kuruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza omuri 1954 kugumizamu n'emishomo ye omu byahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza aha Yunivasite ya Leeds arikureebererwa G. Wilson Knight.<ref>''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFEncyclopedia_Britannica2024 Encyclopedia Britannica]'' 2024.</ref> Okusharamu kw'okushoma aheeru y'eihanga omu bwire obwo obu okushoma diguri ya kabiri kyabaire kitarikubaho omuri Ibadan kikaba kiri kurabira omuri Joyce M. Green, omukazi Omungyereza owaizire omu University College, Ibadan kuruga Cambridge omuri 1950, kandi owaabaire ari omwe aha beegyesa ba Soyinka kandi owaabaire amuhaire ekihandiiko kirungi eky'okumugambaho omuri Leeds.<ref>Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi (28 July 2019). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/soyinkas-early-romance-with-england-1954-1959-a-cold-chapter-for-an-anti-form-rebel-part-1/ Soyinka's early romance with England 1954-1959: A cold chapter for an anti-form rebel]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 8 January 2026.</ref> Aha yunivasite ya Leeds, akaheereza nk'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka yunivasite akarikushetsya, The Eagle, omuri ako yaahandiika ekicweka aha magara g'eby'okushoma. Omu Kwamunaana 1955, akatandika kukwata ebyeshongoro aha BBC Lecture kandi yaahandiika ebitebyo bigufu nyingi. Omuri 1957, akasingura empaka z'okugamba ezirikubaho buri mwaka ezirikuteebwaho Yunivasite.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFLindfors1974 Lindfors 1974], pp.&#x20;471–486.</ref> == Emirimo == === 1957–1967: Omurimo gwe gw'okubanza === Soyinka akaguma omuri Leeds bwanyima y'okutunga diguri ye eya BA honours omu Rungyereza omuri 1957.<ref name=":2" /> Omu 1957, akatandika kuhandiika emizaano ye ey'okubanza, ''Swamp Dwellers'' na ''The Lion and the Jewel''. Soyinka akaza London kandi yaakora nk'omushomi w'emizaano aha Royal Court Theatre. Akebembera ekibiina kya Nigerian Drama Group ekyakozire The Swamp Dwellers omuri 1958. Omu bwire obwo, emizaano ye ebiri ekazaanwa omuri Ibadan, Nigeria. Omuri 1957, omuzaano gwe, The Invention, gukashohozibwa aha Royal Court Theatre omuri London, kandi gukaba guri omurimo gwe gw'okubanza aha.<ref>"Wole Soyinka". ''African Biography''. Detroit, MI: Gale (published 2 December 2006). 1999. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-2823-9|978-0-7876-2823-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akahandiika ebyevugo, otwariiremu "''The Immigrant''" hamwe na "''My Next Door Neighbour''", ebyareebekire omuri Black Orpheus. Omuri 1959, Soyinka akagaruka Nigeria bwanyima y'okutunga obuhwezi bwa Rockefeller Research Fellowship ahabw'okucondooza kwe aha by'emizaano ya Afirika. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe omwaka nigwo gumwe, akaza omu mwanya gwa Janheinz Jahn nk'omwe ahabahandiiki babiri bakuru ba Black Orpheus.<ref>Jacobs, Alan. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/trials-brother-jero The Trials Of Brother Jero]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu 1960, akamara omuzaano gwe ogwa reediyo Camwood on the Leaves, kandi n'omuzaano gwe ''The Trials of Brother Jero'' gukatongozibwa omu Mellanby Hall residence of University College Ibadan omu Kwakana 1960. Akakora ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Mask omu myaka ya 1960. Omuzaano gwe ogwa A Dance of The Forest, gukatongozibwa nk'omuzaano gw'eizooba ry'okwetegyeka kwa Nigeria, kandi ebiro 1 Okwaikumi 1960, gukatongozibwa omuri Lagos.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[[:en:BlackPast.org|Wole Soyinka (1934- )". ''BlackPast.org'']]. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Omuzaano gwa Soyinka ogw'okubanza ogurikwetwa My Father's Burden, gukaba nigwebemberwa Olusegun Olusola kandi gukaba nigworekwa aha Western Nigeria Television ebiro 6 Okwamunaana 1960.<ref>Uzoatu, Uzor Maxim (5 October 2013). "[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/146108-essential-soyinka-timeline-uzor-maxim-uzoatu.html The Essential Soyinka Timeline]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref> Omu 1962, Soyinka akahandiika ebihandiiko birikurwanirira okushoma n'okuhandiika omuri Nigeria omu bwire obwo otwariiremu "Death of the King's Horsemen" hamwe na "Towards a True Theater", ebyashohoziibwe omu Transition Magazine.<ref>Amayi, Zakayo (22 June 2013). "[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/standard-entertainment/article/2000086475/soyinkas-grumpy-battles-to-defend-literary-legacy Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's grumpy battles to defend literary legacy]". Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa aha Obafemi Awolowo University omuri Ifẹ. Omu 1963, firimu ye y'okubanza, Culture in Transition, ekashohozibwa. Soyinka akarekura omurimo gwe aha Yunivasite omuri 1964, nk'okwesharinga ahabw'emitwarize y'okushagika gavumenti eyateirweho ab'obushoborozi. Akagira ngu ab'obushoborozi omu yunivasite bakakwatanisa eitendekyero n'obutegyeki bwa Samuel Ladoke Akintola obwabaire butarikukundwa. Omu bwire obwo, akakora The Lion and the Jewel<ref>"[https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/critical-responses-to-african-theatre-wole-soyinkas-the-lion-and-the-jewel-by-professor-martin-banham/ Critical Responses to African Theatre: Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel by Professor Martin Banham | Black Plays Archive]". ''www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> omu siizoni y'emizaano omu Rungyereza na Yoruba hamwe n'okutandikaho The Orisun Theatre Company, guruupu ya theatre. Omu 1965, akakora omuzaano gwa gurikujumirira emitwarize mibi omungyeru erikushestya, ''Before the Blackout''.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/african-theatre-soyinka/ Review of African Theatre Soyinka: Blackout, Blowout and Beyond | Centre for African Studies (LUCAS)]". ''lucas.leeds.ac.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuzano gwe, Kongi's Harvest, gukatandika omu Kwamunaana omuri Lagos. Ebiro 14 September 1965, omuzaano gwe The Road gukatandika kworekwa omuri London aha Commonwealth Arts Festival hamwe na Theatre Royal Stratford East. Soyinka akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa mukuru aha Yunivasite ya Lagos. Juba, ekitabo kye ekisya The Interpreters kikashohozibwa André Deutsch omuri London. Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akakomwa omurundi gw'okubanza, yaajunaanwa okukwata reediyo aha mbundu akahindura akatambi k'ebigambo by'enganzi y'ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba n'akatambi akarikujunaana okwiba akaruuru. Akarekurwa bwanyima y'ameezi agamwe g'okukomwa ahabw'okwesharinga kw'abantu b'ensi yoona abahandiiki. Akahandiika n'ekitabo The Detainee, omuzaano gwa reediyo ogwashohozibwe BBC omuri London.<ref>Ezugwu, Obinna (19 July 2021). "[https://hallmarknews.com/salute-to-kongi-at-87/ Salute To Kongi At 87]". ''hallmarknews.com''. Retrieved 13 August 2022.</ref> === 1966–1968: Orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria === Bwanyima y'okuba Mukuru w'ekibiina ky'emizaano aha Yunivasite ya Ibadan, Soyinka akatandika kwejumba omu by'obutegyeki. Bwanyima y'amahe okuhamba obutegyeki omu kwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1966, akabugana omu kihama Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, gavana w'amahe ow'amashuuma g'oburugwa izooba bwa Nigeria omu kugyezaho okuzibira orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria.<ref>"[https://howng.com/professor-wole-soyinka-full-biographylife-and-news/ Professor Wole Soyinka Full Biography, Life And News]". ''howng.com''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Akaza n'omuri Ẹnugu, ahu yabugaine mugyenzi we Omuyoruba, Victor Banjọ, orikukora na gavumenti ya Biafra. Soyinka, owaashabire obushagiki bw'abeebembezi b'amahe omu kicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, akahitsya obutumwa bwa Banjo ahari Lieutenant Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo, owaabaire atoorainwe nk'omuduumizi w'amahe g'omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba. Omumwebazyo gw'akana, Soyinka agarukire omu mahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, amahe ga Biafra gakatahirira ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Bwanyima y'okutwara oburengyerwa-izooba, Soyinka akabugana Obasanjo kumugambira ekigyendererwa ky'Ababiafra ahabwokuba Obasanjo akaba yaacwiremu kwegaita aha gavumenti ya Nigeria. Kwonka okutahirira kwa Biafra ahagati yóburegyerwa eizooba kikarugamu okuhoorera okwakozirwe amahe ga gavumenti eya federo, kandi orutaro rw'omunda rukatandika. Obasanjo akashoboorora gavumenti ya Nigeria orukiiko rwe na Soyinka, yarangirira Soyinka nk'omuheekyera, n'ahabw'ekyo akakwatwa ab'obushoborozi bwa federo kandi yaakomwa kumara emyezi 22.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/07/27/wole.soyinka/index.html Wole Soyinka: Nigeria's Nobel Laureate]". ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. 1 August 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2026.</ref> Akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi n'byevugo arikujuumirira gavumenti ya Nigeria obu yaabaire ari omu kihome.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (2006), ''You Must Set Forth at Dawn'', p. 6.</ref> Omu kutandika kwa 1967, ebihandiiko bye Kongi’s Harvest na Idanre and Other Poems bikashohozibwa.<ref>"[https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/engp06/chapter/wole-soyinka-kongis-harvest/ Wole Soyinka, Kongi's Harvest – African & Caribbean Writing in English]". ''ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Ari na Tom Stoppard, akatunga ekirabo kya John Whiting omuri London. Akatooranwa kuba mukuru w'eishomero rya Drama, Yunivasite ya Ibadan kwonka akaremwa kutwara entebe egyo ahabw'okubohwa omu kwezi kwa munaana. N'obu araabe yaabaire ari omu kihome, omuzaano gwe ogurikwetwa The Lion and The Jewel gukagumizamu gwashohozibwa omuri Accra, Ghana omu Kwamwenda 1967. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Strong Breed bikashohozibwa aba Off-Broadway omu Greenwich Mews Theatre omuri New York City. Omuri 1968, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Jock Campbell-New Statesman Award. Ekibiina kya Negro Ensemble Company kikashohoza Kongi's Harvest aha St. Mark's Theatre, New York.<ref>"[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,838330,00.html Theater: Kongi's Harvest]". ''Time''. 26 April 1968. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X 0040-781X]. Retrieved 7 May 2022.</ref> Akavunuura D. O. Fagunwa's Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irunmale kuruga omu rurimi rwa Yoruba kuza omu Rungyereza. Kikashohozibwa nka The Forest of a Thousand Demons: A Hunter's Saga. === Okurekurwa n'okushohoza ebitabo. === Omu Okwaikumi 1969, emyezi mikye erikuburayo orutaro rw'omunda rukahwa, okusaasira kukarangirirwa, Soyinka hamwe n'abandi basibe b'eby'obutegyeki barekurwa.<ref>PEN America (16 April 2012). "[https://pen.org/case-histories-wole-soyinka/ Case Histories: Wole Soyinka]". ''PEN America''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omu myezi mikye y'okubanza bwanyima y'okurekurwa kwe, Soyinka akaguma aha faamu ya munywani we omu mashuuma ga Bufaransa, ahu yaasherwire kuhuumuraho wenka. Akahandiika The Bacchae of Euripides (1969), ekihandiiko kihindwiremu kushushana enfumu ya Pentheus.<ref name=":3">Killam and Rowe (eds), ''The Companion to African Literature'' (2000), p. 276.</ref> Kandi akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebyevugo omuri London, kikwetwa Poems from Prison. Aha muheru gw'omwaka, akagaruka omu ofiisi ye nk'orikukurira eby'emizaano omuri Ibadan.<ref name=":5">"[https://dailytrust.com/things-to-know-about-prof-wole-soyinka-at-89/ Things To Know About Prof Wole Soyinka At 89]". ''[[:en:Daily_Trust|Daily Trust]]''. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omu 1970, akashohoza omuzaano Kongi's Harvest, kandi omu bwire bumwe akaguhindura nk'omuzaano gwa firimu gw'eiziina niryo rimwe, Kongi's Harvest. Omu Kwamukaaga 1970, akamara omuzaano ogundi, ogurikwetwa Madmen and Specialists.<ref>Ajeluorou, Anote (25 July 2015). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/periscoping-a-senseless-war-in-madmen-and-specialists/ Periscoping A Senseless War In Madmen And Specialists]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</ref> Arikukoragana n'ekibiina ky'abazaani 15 ba Ibadan University Theatre Art Company, akagyenda United States, kureeba Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center omuri Waterford, Connecticut, ahu omuzaano gwe oguyabaire ahererukurieyo kuhandiika gwayorekirwe omurundi gwokubanza.[citation needed] Omu 1971, ekitabo kye ky'ebyevugo ekya A Shuttle in the Crypt kikashohozibwa. Madmen and Specialists kikashohozibwa omuri Ibadan omwaka ogwo.<ref>Lee, Christopher J. (25 March 2020). "[http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/reading-wole-soyinka-s-madmen-and-specialists-time-pandemic Reading Wole Soyinka's 'Madmen and Specialists' in a Time of Pandemic]". ''Warscapes''.</ref> Omu Kwakana 1971, ahabw'okwerarikirira aha mbeera y'eby'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria, Soyinka akarekura emirimo ye aha Yunivasite omuri Ibadan, kandi yaatandika emyaka mingi ayetwaire omubuzaahe. kuza omu buzaahe.<ref name=":6">Adegbamigbe, Ademola (13 July 2019). "[https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/07/13/soyinka-at-85-why-i-detained-him-for-2-years-during-civil-war-yakubu-gowon/ Soyinka at 85: 'Why I Detained Him for 2 Years During the Civil War' - Yakubu Gowon]". ''The NEWS''. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</ref> Soyinka akagyenda omuri Paris, Bufaransa, kutwara omurimo gw'okuzaana nka Patrice Lumumba, mukuru w'eihanga w'okubanza rya Repubulika ya Kongo owaisirwe, omu muzaano ogwashohozibwe Joan Littlewood omu kwakataano 1971 ogurikwetwa Murderous Angels, omuzaano gwa Conor Cruise O'Brien ogwabaire nigukwata aha buremeezi bwa Kongo.<ref name=":4">Gibbs, James. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/soyinka-wole-13-july-1934 Soyinka, Wole 1934–]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 September 2021. (Updated by [[:en:Tanure_Ojaide|Tanure Ojaide]].)</ref><ref>[[:en:Biodun_Jeyifo|Jeyifo, Biodun]] (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nwhlgrVqvYkC&q=%22Murderous+Angels%22%3D&pg=PR27 Chronology]". ''Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, and Postcolonialism''. Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;xxvii. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139439084|9781139439084]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri Paris, ebicweka kuruga omu muzaano gwa Soyinka ogurikumanywa munonga The Dance of The Forests bikazaanwa.<ref>Adenekan, Sulaiman (2016). "[https://www.tradenewswire.net/the-pride-of-africa-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-clocks-85-years-serving-humanity-poetically/ The Pride of Africa: Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka clocks 85 years serving humanity poeticall]y". ''Trade Newswire''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Omu 1972, ekitabo kye Season of Anomy hamwe na Collected Plays byona bikashohozibwa Oxford University Press. Ekihandiiko kye ky'ebirikumukwataho ekya The Man Died, ekirikurundaana ebi yaahandiikire omu kihome, nakyo kikashohozibwa omwaka ogwo.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/biographical/ Wole Soyinka | Biographical]", The Nobel Prize, 1986.</ref> Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Honoris Causa doctorate kuruga omu Yunivasite ya Leeds omuri 1973.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/honorary-degree/ Honorary Degree]", Leeds ''African Studies Bulletin'' 19 (November 1973), pp. 1–2. [Professor Soyinka receiving the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from the Chancellor, HRH the Duchess of Kent, on Thursday 17 May 1973 – image from 'Nobel Prize for Leeds Graduate', ''The Reporter'' (the University of Leeds), 258, 24 October 1986.]</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, National Theatre, London, ekashaba kandi yaatongoza omuzaano The Bacchae of Euripides,<ref name=":3" /> kandi emizaano ye Camwood on the Leaves na Jero's Metamorphosis nayo ekaba eri ey'okubanza kushohozibwa. Akamara omwaka gumwe nk'omugyenyi aha Churchill College, Cambridge<ref>Gumbel, Andrew (3 November 2005). "[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/03/theatre3 Wole Soyinka on how he came to write Death and the King's Horseman]". ''The Guardian''.</ref> (1973–74)<ref name=":4" /> kandi yaahandiika Death and the King's Horseman, ekyashomirwe omurundi gw'okubanza aha Churchill College.<ref name=":5" /> Omu 1974, Oxford University Press ekashohoza Soyinka's Collected Plays, Volume II. Akateeraho hamwe ekitabo kya 1975 Poems of Black Africa, ekyashohoziibwe nka kimwe ahakicweka kya Heinemann African Writers Series.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JtqywAEACAAJ Poems of Black Africa]'', Heinemann African Writers Series, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]. <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780435901714|9780435901714]]</bdi>.</ref> Kandi omuri 1975, Soyinka akakuzibwa yaaza aha ntebe y'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka Transition Magazine, akaabaire nikashangwa omu kibuga ekikuru ekya Ghana ekya Accra, ahu yaafurukiire.<ref name=":6" /> Akakoresa ebihandiiko bye omu magaziini kujumirira abo abarikusaasibwa munonga abairaguju (nk'eky'okureeberaho, ekicweka kye "Neo-Tarzanism: Eby'obutegyeki obwa Pseudo-Transition) hamwe n'obutegyeki bw'amahe. Akeesharinga ahabw'obutegyeki bw'amahe obwa Idi Amin omu Uganda. Bwanyima y'empindahinduka omu by'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria hamwe n'okuhenda gavumenti y'amahe eya Gowon omuri 1975, Soyinka akagaruka omu ihanga rye kandi yaagaruka omu mwanya gwe nka mukuru w'okugyeragyeranisa ebyahandiikirwe. omu Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref name=":6" /> === Okushomesa === Kuruga 1975 kuhisya 1999, Soyinka akaheereza nka Purofeesa w'ebitabo ebirikugyeragyeranisibwa aha Obafemi Awolowo University.<ref>Odinaka (31 July 2018). "[https://www.tori.ng/news/102835/the-house-prof-soyinka-lived-in-during-oau-days-tu.html The House Prof. Soyinka Lived In During OAU Days, Turned Into A Campus Museum (Photos)]". ''Tori.ng''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Amerika, akeegyesa aha Cornell University nk'omuhangu wa Goldwin Smith omu kwega aha Afirika hamwe n'eby'emizaano kuruga 1988 kuhisya 1991. Aha Yunivasite ya Emory, akatooranwa nka Robert W. Woodruff Purofeesa w'eby'emikono omuri 1996 kandi atwire ari Purofeesa w'okuhandiika omu Yunivasite ya Nevada, Las Vegas. Soyinka akaheereza scholar-in-residence omu Institute of African American Affairs eya New York University hamwe na Loyola Marymount University omuri Los Angeles, California. Akegyesa n'aha Yunivasite za Cambridge, Oxford, Harvard na Yale. Akaba ari omwegi w'amaani omu kutuura aha Yunivasite ya Duke omuri 2008.<ref>"[https://alumni.duke.edu/magazine/articles/soyinka-stage Soyinka on Stage | Nobel laureate works with student production of his play]". ''Duke Magazine''. No.&#x20;January–February 2011. 31 January 2011. Retrieved 18 April 2021.</ref> Omu Kwaikumi na kubiri 2017, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Europe Theatre Prize omu kicweka kya "Special Prize" category,<ref>Ajibade, Kunle (12 December 2017). "[https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2017/12/12/wole-soyinka-wins-europe-theatre-prize/ Wole Soyinka Wins The Europe Theatre Prize]". ''[[:en:P.M._News|P.M. News]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref><ref>"[https://www.concisenews.global/news/soyinka-wins-2017-the-europe-theatre-prize/ Soyinka Wins 2017 Europe Theatre Prize]". ''Concise News''. 15 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> ekyahairwe omuntu owaabaire "aine ekyayongyeireho omu kuhikiiriza emikoro y'eby'obuhangwa erikureetaho okwetegyereza n'okubagana amagyezi ahagati y'abantu".<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20171225034855/http://www.jamesmurua.com/wole-soyinka-to-receive-europe-theatre-prize-2017/ Wole Soyinka to receive Europe Theatre Prize 2017]". ''James Murua's Literature Blog''. 14 December 2017. Archived from the original on 25 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> Ebiro 1 September 2022, Soyinka akatwara entebe y'okuba Purofeesa w'eby'emizaano aha New York University Abu Dhabi.<ref>"[https://www.wam.ae/en/article/hszrfcet-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-joins-nyu-abu-dhabi Nobel laureate Wole Soyinka joins NYU Abu Dhabi faculty]". Emirates News Agency-WAM. 23 August 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref><ref>"[https://nyuad.nyu.edu/en/academics/divisions/arts-and-humanities/faculty/wole-soyinka.html Wole Soyinka | Arts Professor of Theater]". ''nyuad.nyu.edu''. New York University Abu Dhabi. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref> Omu 1976, akashohoza ekitabo kye ky'ebitebyo Ogun Abibiman, hamwe n'ekitabo ky'ebihandiiko ekiine omutwe Myth, Literature and the African World.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/facts/ The Nobel Prize in Literature 1986]". ''NobelPrize.org''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omuri ebi, Soyinka naashwijuma oburugo bw'oburagwa omu katemba ka Afirika kandi, arikukoresa eby'okureeberaho kuruga omuri Buraaya na Afirika, naagyeragyeranisa kandi akashoboorora eby'obuhangwa. Akaha orubazo rw'omutaano aha itendekyero ry'okushwijuma Afirika aha Yunivasite ya Ghana omuri Legon. Omu Okwaikumi 1976, envunuura ya Bufaransa eya The Dance of The Forests<ref>"[https://abjournals.org/ajchrt/papers/volume-8/issue-1/ghost-dirge-and-the-forest-dance-in-soyinkas-metathysical-play-a-dance-of-the-forests/ Ghost, Dirge and the Forest Dance in Soyinka's Metaphysical Play "A Dance of the Forests]". ''African Journal of Culture, History, Religion and Traditions (AJCHRT)''. 24 November 2024. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> ekazaanwa omuri Dakar. Omu 1977, Opera Wọnyọsi, okuhindura kwe okw'omuzzano gwa Bertolt Brecht, T''he Threepenny Opera'', gukazaanira omuri Ibadan. Omu 1979, Soyinka akebembera kandi yazaana omu muzaano gwa Jon Blair na Norman Fenton ogurikwetwa The Biko Inquest, omzaano ogurikwegamira aha magara ga Steve Biko, omwegi wa South Africa kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe bw'abantu owaateirwe akafa ahabwa pooriisi y'omuri South Africa eyabaire neekuratira engyenderwaho y'okushoroora omu bantu.<ref name=":4" /> Omu 1981 Soyinka akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebirikumukwataho Aké: The Years of Childhood, ekyasingire ekirabo kya 1983 Anisfield-Wolf Book Award.<ref>"[https://www.anisfield-wolf.org/winners/ake-the-years-of-childhood/ Winners: 1983 Nonfiction – Ake]". ''Anisfield-Wolf Book Awards''. Retrieved 9 April 2021.</ref> Soyinka akagumizamu yaatandikaho ekibiina ekindi eky'emizaano, ekya Guerrilla Unit, ekyasherwire kwejumba butunu n'abantu b'omubyaro. Ekigyendererwa kyayo kikaba kiri okubahwera kuteekateeka aha buremeezi bwabo n'okuha eiraka okwetomboitwa kwabo kurabira omu kukora emizaano migufu. Omu 1983, omuzaano gwe Requiem for a Futurologist gukaba guri omuzaano gwagwo gw'okubanza aha Yunivasite ya Ife. Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omwaka ogwo, emwe aha purogyekiti ze z'ebyeshongoro, ekitongore kya Unlimited Liability Company, kikashohoza akatambi k'okweshongora akarikwetwa I Love My Country, ahu abeeshongozi ba Nigeria abarikumanywa baazaaniire ebyeshongoro ebyahandiikirwe Soyinka. Omu 1984, akakora firimu Blues for a Prodigal, eyayorekirwe aha Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref>Gibbs, James (1985). "[https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/03064228508533902 Wole Soyinka's film banned]". ''[[:en:Index_on_Censorship|Index on Censorship]]''. '''14''' (3): 41. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1080/03064228508533902|10.1080/03064228508533902]]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:220929276 220929276] &#x2013; via [[:en:SAGE_Publishing|SAGE Publishing]].</ref> A Play of Giants ekorekwa omwaka nigwo gumwe.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (1984). ''[https://books.google.com.ng/books/about/A_Play_of_Giants.html?id=H3NuQgAACAAJ&redir_esc=y A Play of Giants]''. Methuen. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-413-55290-7|978-0-413-55290-7]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu myaka 1975–84, Soyinka akaba aine amaani omu by'obutegyeki. Aha Yunivasite ya Ife, emirimo ye y'obwebembezi ekaba erimu eby'okwerinda enguuto za gavumenti. Akajumirira obushomankuzi omu gavumenti ya purezidenti Shehu Shagari owaabaire atoorainwe abantu. Shagari ku yaahindwirwe omukuru w'amahe Muhammadu Buhari, Soyinka akaba ari aha rubaju rubi rw'amahe. Omu 1984, kooti emwe omuri Nigeria ekazibira ekitabo kye ekya 1972 The Man Died: Prison Notes.<ref>Gibbs (1986). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=xkJdDwAAQBAJ&q=%22the+man+died%22+soyinka+banned+1984&pg=PA17 Wole Soyinka]''. Macmillan. pp.&#x20;16–17. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781349182091|9781349182091]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu 1985, omuzaano gwe Requiem for a Futurologist gukashohozibwa omuri aba Rex Collings omuri London.[59] == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == cey8ww3iiqdfeu65xblz3cwuvh7hkm9 7256406 7256404 2026-07-20T10:01:46Z Rooth N 2608660 7256406 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wp/nyn]] '''Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola] 2021, p.&#x20;34.</ref>''', a'''kazaarwa 13 Okwamushanju 1934) n'omuhandiiki Omunigeria, w'emizaano, kandi omuhandiiki w'ebitabo. Akahandiika ebitabo bishatu, by'ebitabo by'emigane mikye eikumi, ebitabo mushanju by'ebyevugo, ebitabo by'emizaano abiri na bitaano, hamwe n'ebitabo bitaano by'ebirikumukwataho.<ref name=":2">Gibbs, James (1986). ''Wole Soyinka''. Basingstoke: [[:en:Macmillan_Publishers|Macmillan]]. p.&#x20;3. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780333305287|9780333305287]]</bdi>.</ref> Ahandiikire ebitabo bibiri ebivunwirwe hamwe n'ebicweka bingi hamwe n'ebitebyo bikye bikye by'okuhandiikisa empapura z'amakuru hamwe n'ebitabo by'obwire bukye. Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel eky'omwaka 1986 omu by'obuhangwa ahabw'okugira ngu akaba naashwijuma "ebintu bingi ebirikukwata aha buhangwa hamwe n'orurimi rw'okwevuga ahabirikukwata aha kubaho kw'abantu".<ref>Abdullahi, Idowu (11 October 2024). "[https://punchng.com/nobel-laureate-award-exposed-me-to-danger-wole-soyinka/ Nobel Laureate award exposed me to danger]". ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Akazaarwa omu ka y'Abakurisitaayo Abayoruba omuri Aké, Abeokuta.<ref>"[https://dawncommission.org/professor-wole-soyinka/ Professor Wole Soyinka – DAWN Commission]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref><ref name=":0">"[https://wolesoyinkalecture.org/about-wole-soyinka-2/ About Wole Soyinka]". ''Wole Soyinka Lecture Series''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Soyinka akatunga obwegyese obw'okumutebeekanisa aha Government College, Ibadan kandi yaagyenda aha University College Ibadan. Omu bwire bw'obwegyese bwe, akatandikaho ekibiina kya Pyrate Confraternity.<ref name=":0" /> Soyinka akaruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza kwega aha Yunivasite ya Leeds. Omu bwire obwo, niwe yaabaire ari omuhandiiki w'akatabo ka yunivasite, The Eagle, atakabaire muhandiiki ow'obutwire omu myaka ya 1950.<ref>"[https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/wole-soyinka/ Wole Soyinka – Narrative Landscape Press]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Bungyereza, akatandika kuhandiika ebitebyo bigufu n'okukora ebihandiiko aha BBC Lecture series. Akahandiika emizaano mingi eyazaanairwe aha reediyo hamwe n'omu myanya y'emizaano omuri Nigeria hamwe na Bungyereza, okukira munonga Royal Court Theatre.<ref>"[https://livingarchive.royalcourttheatre.com/black-plays-1960s/ Black Plays 1960s]". ''Royal Court - Living Archive''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Ebitabo bya Soyinka bingi hamwe n'emizaano ye, nibiteebwaho omuri Nigeria, ekirikworeka ebyafaayo by'eihanga eryo, eby'obuhangwa, hamwe n'oburemeezi bw'eby'obutegyeki. Oyihireho emirimo egi, akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi ebirikujumiirira emitwarize mibi y'abantu omungyeri erikushetsya. Ebihandiiko ebi bikajanjaara omu bantu baingi kandi byakundwa munonga. Atungire obusinguzi n'emizaano ye, otwariiremu The Swamp Dwellers (1958), The Lion and the Jewel (1959), na The Invention (1957), omuzaano gumwe ahayabandize, ogwakoriirwe aha Royal Court Theatre. Soyinka ahandiikire ebitabo bingi, otwariiremu The Interpreters (1965), Season of Anomy (1973), Death and the King's Horseman, Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth (2021), na Harmattan Haze on an African Spring (2012). Omu Kwamushanju 2024, Bola Tinubu akahindura eiziina ry'ekishengye ky'emizaano ekya National Arts Theatre ahanyima ya Soyinka aha mazaarwa ge ag'emyaka 90. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Soyinka akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju 1934 omuri Ake, Abeokuta, Nigeria omu ka y'Abakristaayo ey'obuzaare bw'Abayoruba. Akaba ari owa kabiri omu baana mushanju[a] ba Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, omuheereza w'Abakuristayo kandi mukuru w'eishomero kuruga omu ruganda rw'obugabe orwa Isara-Remo[<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1988 Gibbs 1988], pp.&#x20;526.</ref> hamwe na Grace Soyinka (née Jenkins-Harrison), omushubuuzi kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe kuruga omu ruganda rwa Ransome-Kuti.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFMaduakor1986 Maduakor 1986], pp.&#x20;227.</ref> Nyina Grace hamwe n'ab'eka ye, aba Ransome-Kutis, bakaba bari ab'eka y'amaani omuri Nigeria<ref>Staff writer (9 May 2014). "[https://businessday.ng/family-and-relationships/article/great-dynasties-the-ransome-kutis/ Great Dynasties:The Ransome-Kutis]". ''[[:en:BusinessDay_(Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> abarikugambwaho nk'ekigarukwamu kya Nigeria aha ka ya Kennedy omuri United States. Owaabatandikireho, omusesorodooti w'Abakuristaayo J. J. Ransome-Kuti, akaba ari omuntu w'okubanza omu ihanga rye omu by'okushohoza ebyeshongoro omu myaka ya 1920.<ref>Sansom, Ian. "[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/11/fela-kuti-great-dynasties-ian-sansom Great Dynasties: The Ransome-Kutis]". ''theguardian.com''. Retrieved 17 January 2026.</ref> Kuruga 1940 kuhistya 1946, Soyinka akaba naashoma aha St. Peters Primary School, ahu ishe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eishomero.<ref>"[https://guardian.ng/art/genius-of-the-unconventional-and-the-patterning-of-dualities-wole-soyinkas-early-childhood-part-3/ Genius of the unconventional and the patterning of dualities: Wole Soyinka's early childhood]". ''T[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|he Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akashomera siniya ye Abeokuta Grammar School kandi okushoma kwe okw'okweteekateekyera Yunivasite aha Government College, Ibadan kuruga 1946 kuhisya 1951.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/soyinka-wole-1934/ Wole Soyinka (1934- )]". ''[[:en:BlackPast.org|BlackPast.org]]''. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akaheebwa omwanya omu University College Ibadan, ahu yaashomire ebyahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza, Orugriika, hamwe n'ebyafaayo by'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kuruga 1952 kuhisya 1954.<ref name=":1">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola 2021], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Omu myaka ye y'ahamuheru omu yunivasite, akahandiika omuzaano mugufu aha reediyo, Keffi's Birthday Treat, ogwashohwire omu Kwamushanju 1954 kuruga omu kitongore kya Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1980 Gibbs 1980], p.&#x20;21.</ref> Hamwe n'abeegi bagyenzi be otwariiremu Olumuyiwa Awẹ, Ralph Opara, Aig-Imoukhuede, na Pius Olegbe, akatandikaho ekibiina ekirikwetwa National Association of Seadogs, ekibiina ky'okubanza omuri Nigeria.<ref name=":1" /> Soyinka akafuruka kuruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza omuri 1954 kugumizamu n'emishomo ye omu byahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza aha Yunivasite ya Leeds arikureebererwa G. Wilson Knight.<ref>''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFEncyclopedia_Britannica2024 Encyclopedia Britannica]'' 2024.</ref> Okusharamu kw'okushoma aheeru y'eihanga omu bwire obwo obu okushoma diguri ya kabiri kyabaire kitarikubaho omuri Ibadan kikaba kiri kurabira omuri Joyce M. Green, omukazi Omungyereza owaizire omu University College, Ibadan kuruga Cambridge omuri 1950, kandi owaabaire ari omwe aha beegyesa ba Soyinka kandi owaabaire amuhaire ekihandiiko kirungi eky'okumugambaho omuri Leeds.<ref>Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi (28 July 2019). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/soyinkas-early-romance-with-england-1954-1959-a-cold-chapter-for-an-anti-form-rebel-part-1/ Soyinka's early romance with England 1954-1959: A cold chapter for an anti-form rebel]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 8 January 2026.</ref> Aha yunivasite ya Leeds, akaheereza nk'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka yunivasite akarikushetsya, The Eagle, omuri ako yaahandiika ekicweka aha magara g'eby'okushoma. Omu Kwamunaana 1955, akatandika kukwata ebyeshongoro aha BBC Lecture kandi yaahandiika ebitebyo bigufu nyingi. Omuri 1957, akasingura empaka z'okugamba ezirikubaho buri mwaka ezirikuteebwaho Yunivasite.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFLindfors1974 Lindfors 1974], pp.&#x20;471–486.</ref> == Emirimo == === 1957–1967: Omurimo gwe gw'okubanza === Soyinka akaguma omuri Leeds bwanyima y'okutunga diguri ye eya BA honours omu Rungyereza omuri 1957.<ref name=":2" /> Omu 1957, akatandika kuhandiika emizaano ye ey'okubanza, ''Swamp Dwellers'' na ''The Lion and the Jewel''. Soyinka akaza London kandi yaakora nk'omushomi w'emizaano aha Royal Court Theatre. Akebembera ekibiina kya Nigerian Drama Group ekyakozire The Swamp Dwellers omuri 1958. Omu bwire obwo, emizaano ye ebiri ekazaanwa omuri Ibadan, Nigeria. Omuri 1957, omuzaano gwe, The Invention, gukashohozibwa aha Royal Court Theatre omuri London, kandi gukaba guri omurimo gwe gw'okubanza aha.<ref>"Wole Soyinka". ''African Biography''. Detroit, MI: Gale (published 2 December 2006). 1999. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-2823-9|978-0-7876-2823-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akahandiika ebyevugo, otwariiremu "''The Immigrant''" hamwe na "''My Next Door Neighbour''", ebyareebekire omuri Black Orpheus. Omuri 1959, Soyinka akagaruka Nigeria bwanyima y'okutunga obuhwezi bwa Rockefeller Research Fellowship ahabw'okucondooza kwe aha by'emizaano ya Afirika. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe omwaka nigwo gumwe, akaza omu mwanya gwa Janheinz Jahn nk'omwe ahabahandiiki babiri bakuru ba Black Orpheus.<ref>Jacobs, Alan. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/trials-brother-jero The Trials Of Brother Jero]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu 1960, akamara omuzaano gwe ogwa reediyo Camwood on the Leaves, kandi n'omuzaano gwe ''The Trials of Brother Jero'' gukatongozibwa omu Mellanby Hall residence of University College Ibadan omu Kwakana 1960. Akakora ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Mask omu myaka ya 1960. Omuzaano gwe ogwa A Dance of The Forest, gukatongozibwa nk'omuzaano gw'eizooba ry'okwetegyeka kwa Nigeria, kandi ebiro 1 Okwaikumi 1960, gukatongozibwa omuri Lagos.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[[:en:BlackPast.org|Wole Soyinka (1934- )". ''BlackPast.org'']]. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Omuzaano gwa Soyinka ogw'okubanza ogurikwetwa My Father's Burden, gukaba nigwebemberwa Olusegun Olusola kandi gukaba nigworekwa aha Western Nigeria Television ebiro 6 Okwamunaana 1960.<ref>Uzoatu, Uzor Maxim (5 October 2013). "[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/146108-essential-soyinka-timeline-uzor-maxim-uzoatu.html The Essential Soyinka Timeline]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref> Omu 1962, Soyinka akahandiika ebihandiiko birikurwanirira okushoma n'okuhandiika omuri Nigeria omu bwire obwo otwariiremu "Death of the King's Horsemen" hamwe na "Towards a True Theater", ebyashohoziibwe omu Transition Magazine.<ref>Amayi, Zakayo (22 June 2013). "[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/standard-entertainment/article/2000086475/soyinkas-grumpy-battles-to-defend-literary-legacy Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's grumpy battles to defend literary legacy]". Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa aha Obafemi Awolowo University omuri Ifẹ. Omu 1963, firimu ye y'okubanza, Culture in Transition, ekashohozibwa. Soyinka akarekura omurimo gwe aha Yunivasite omuri 1964, nk'okwesharinga ahabw'emitwarize y'okushagika gavumenti eyateirweho ab'obushoborozi. Akagira ngu ab'obushoborozi omu yunivasite bakakwatanisa eitendekyero n'obutegyeki bwa Samuel Ladoke Akintola obwabaire butarikukundwa. Omu bwire obwo, akakora The Lion and the Jewel<ref>"[https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/critical-responses-to-african-theatre-wole-soyinkas-the-lion-and-the-jewel-by-professor-martin-banham/ Critical Responses to African Theatre: Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel by Professor Martin Banham | Black Plays Archive]". ''www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> omu siizoni y'emizaano omu Rungyereza na Yoruba hamwe n'okutandikaho The Orisun Theatre Company, guruupu ya theatre. Omu 1965, akakora omuzaano gwa gurikujumirira emitwarize mibi omungyeru erikushestya, ''Before the Blackout''.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/african-theatre-soyinka/ Review of African Theatre Soyinka: Blackout, Blowout and Beyond | Centre for African Studies (LUCAS)]". ''lucas.leeds.ac.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuzano gwe, Kongi's Harvest, gukatandika omu Kwamunaana omuri Lagos. Ebiro 14 September 1965, omuzaano gwe The Road gukatandika kworekwa omuri London aha Commonwealth Arts Festival hamwe na Theatre Royal Stratford East. Soyinka akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa mukuru aha Yunivasite ya Lagos. Juba, ekitabo kye ekisya The Interpreters kikashohozibwa André Deutsch omuri London. Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akakomwa omurundi gw'okubanza, yaajunaanwa okukwata reediyo aha mbundu akahindura akatambi k'ebigambo by'enganzi y'ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba n'akatambi akarikujunaana okwiba akaruuru. Akarekurwa bwanyima y'ameezi agamwe g'okukomwa ahabw'okwesharinga kw'abantu b'ensi yoona abahandiiki. Akahandiika n'ekitabo The Detainee, omuzaano gwa reediyo ogwashohozibwe BBC omuri London.<ref>Ezugwu, Obinna (19 July 2021). "[https://hallmarknews.com/salute-to-kongi-at-87/ Salute To Kongi At 87]". ''hallmarknews.com''. Retrieved 13 August 2022.</ref> === 1966–1968: Orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria === Bwanyima y'okuba Mukuru w'ekibiina ky'emizaano aha Yunivasite ya Ibadan, Soyinka akatandika kwejumba omu by'obutegyeki. Bwanyima y'amahe okuhamba obutegyeki omu kwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1966, akabugana omu kihama Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, gavana w'amahe ow'amashuuma g'oburugwa izooba bwa Nigeria omu kugyezaho okuzibira orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria.<ref>"[https://howng.com/professor-wole-soyinka-full-biographylife-and-news/ Professor Wole Soyinka Full Biography, Life And News]". ''howng.com''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Akaza n'omuri Ẹnugu, ahu yabugaine mugyenzi we Omuyoruba, Victor Banjọ, orikukora na gavumenti ya Biafra. Soyinka, owaashabire obushagiki bw'abeebembezi b'amahe omu kicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, akahitsya obutumwa bwa Banjo ahari Lieutenant Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo, owaabaire atoorainwe nk'omuduumizi w'amahe g'omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba. Omumwebazyo gw'akana, Soyinka agarukire omu mahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, amahe ga Biafra gakatahirira ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Bwanyima y'okutwara oburengyerwa-izooba, Soyinka akabugana Obasanjo kumugambira ekigyendererwa ky'Ababiafra ahabwokuba Obasanjo akaba yaacwiremu kwegaita aha gavumenti ya Nigeria. Kwonka okutahirira kwa Biafra ahagati yóburegyerwa eizooba kikarugamu okuhoorera okwakozirwe amahe ga gavumenti eya federo, kandi orutaro rw'omunda rukatandika. Obasanjo akashoboorora gavumenti ya Nigeria orukiiko rwe na Soyinka, yarangirira Soyinka nk'omuheekyera, n'ahabw'ekyo akakwatwa ab'obushoborozi bwa federo kandi yaakomwa kumara emyezi 22.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/07/27/wole.soyinka/index.html Wole Soyinka: Nigeria's Nobel Laureate]". ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. 1 August 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2026.</ref> Akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi n'byevugo arikujuumirira gavumenti ya Nigeria obu yaabaire ari omu kihome.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (2006), ''You Must Set Forth at Dawn'', p. 6.</ref> Omu kutandika kwa 1967, ebihandiiko bye Kongi’s Harvest na Idanre and Other Poems bikashohozibwa.<ref>"[https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/engp06/chapter/wole-soyinka-kongis-harvest/ Wole Soyinka, Kongi's Harvest – African & Caribbean Writing in English]". ''ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Ari na Tom Stoppard, akatunga ekirabo kya John Whiting omuri London. Akatooranwa kuba mukuru w'eishomero rya Drama, Yunivasite ya Ibadan kwonka akaremwa kutwara entebe egyo ahabw'okubohwa omu kwezi kwa munaana. N'obu araabe yaabaire ari omu kihome, omuzaano gwe ogurikwetwa The Lion and The Jewel gukagumizamu gwashohozibwa omuri Accra, Ghana omu Kwamwenda 1967. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Strong Breed bikashohozibwa aba Off-Broadway omu Greenwich Mews Theatre omuri New York City. Omuri 1968, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Jock Campbell-New Statesman Award. Ekibiina kya Negro Ensemble Company kikashohoza Kongi's Harvest aha St. Mark's Theatre, New York.<ref>"[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,838330,00.html Theater: Kongi's Harvest]". ''Time''. 26 April 1968. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X 0040-781X]. Retrieved 7 May 2022.</ref> Akavunuura D. O. Fagunwa's Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irunmale kuruga omu rurimi rwa Yoruba kuza omu Rungyereza. Kikashohozibwa nka The Forest of a Thousand Demons: A Hunter's Saga. === Okurekurwa n'okushohoza ebitabo. === Omu Okwaikumi 1969, emyezi mikye erikuburayo orutaro rw'omunda rukahwa, okusaasira kukarangirirwa, Soyinka hamwe n'abandi basibe b'eby'obutegyeki barekurwa.<ref>PEN America (16 April 2012). "[https://pen.org/case-histories-wole-soyinka/ Case Histories: Wole Soyinka]". ''PEN America''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omu myezi mikye y'okubanza bwanyima y'okurekurwa kwe, Soyinka akaguma aha faamu ya munywani we omu mashuuma ga Bufaransa, ahu yaasherwire kuhuumuraho wenka. Akahandiika The Bacchae of Euripides (1969), ekihandiiko kihindwiremu kushushana enfumu ya Pentheus.<ref name=":3">Killam and Rowe (eds), ''The Companion to African Literature'' (2000), p. 276.</ref> Kandi akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebyevugo omuri London, kikwetwa Poems from Prison. Aha muheru gw'omwaka, akagaruka omu ofiisi ye nk'orikukurira eby'emizaano omuri Ibadan.<ref name=":5">"[https://dailytrust.com/things-to-know-about-prof-wole-soyinka-at-89/ Things To Know About Prof Wole Soyinka At 89]". ''[[:en:Daily_Trust|Daily Trust]]''. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omu 1970, akashohoza omuzaano Kongi's Harvest, kandi omu bwire bumwe akaguhindura nk'omuzaano gwa firimu gw'eiziina niryo rimwe, Kongi's Harvest. Omu Kwamukaaga 1970, akamara omuzaano ogundi, ogurikwetwa Madmen and Specialists.<ref>Ajeluorou, Anote (25 July 2015). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/periscoping-a-senseless-war-in-madmen-and-specialists/ Periscoping A Senseless War In Madmen And Specialists]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</ref> Arikukoragana n'ekibiina ky'abazaani 15 ba Ibadan University Theatre Art Company, akagyenda United States, kureeba Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center omuri Waterford, Connecticut, ahu omuzaano gwe oguyabaire ahererukurieyo kuhandiika gwayorekirwe omurundi gwokubanza.[citation needed] Omu 1971, ekitabo kye ky'ebyevugo ekya A Shuttle in the Crypt kikashohozibwa. Madmen and Specialists kikashohozibwa omuri Ibadan omwaka ogwo.<ref>Lee, Christopher J. (25 March 2020). "[http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/reading-wole-soyinka-s-madmen-and-specialists-time-pandemic Reading Wole Soyinka's 'Madmen and Specialists' in a Time of Pandemic]". ''Warscapes''.</ref> Omu Kwakana 1971, ahabw'okwerarikirira aha mbeera y'eby'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria, Soyinka akarekura emirimo ye aha Yunivasite omuri Ibadan, kandi yaatandika emyaka mingi ayetwaire omubuzaahe. kuza omu buzaahe.<ref name=":6">Adegbamigbe, Ademola (13 July 2019). "[https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/07/13/soyinka-at-85-why-i-detained-him-for-2-years-during-civil-war-yakubu-gowon/ Soyinka at 85: 'Why I Detained Him for 2 Years During the Civil War' - Yakubu Gowon]". ''The NEWS''. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</ref> Soyinka akagyenda omuri Paris, Bufaransa, kutwara omurimo gw'okuzaana nka Patrice Lumumba, mukuru w'eihanga w'okubanza rya Repubulika ya Kongo owaisirwe, omu muzaano ogwashohozibwe Joan Littlewood omu kwakataano 1971 ogurikwetwa Murderous Angels, omuzaano gwa Conor Cruise O'Brien ogwabaire nigukwata aha buremeezi bwa Kongo.<ref name=":4">Gibbs, James. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/soyinka-wole-13-july-1934 Soyinka, Wole 1934–]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 September 2021. (Updated by [[:en:Tanure_Ojaide|Tanure Ojaide]].)</ref><ref>[[:en:Biodun_Jeyifo|Jeyifo, Biodun]] (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nwhlgrVqvYkC&q=%22Murderous+Angels%22%3D&pg=PR27 Chronology]". ''Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, and Postcolonialism''. Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;xxvii. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139439084|9781139439084]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri Paris, ebicweka kuruga omu muzaano gwa Soyinka ogurikumanywa munonga The Dance of The Forests bikazaanwa.<ref>Adenekan, Sulaiman (2016). "[https://www.tradenewswire.net/the-pride-of-africa-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-clocks-85-years-serving-humanity-poetically/ The Pride of Africa: Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka clocks 85 years serving humanity poeticall]y". ''Trade Newswire''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Omu 1972, ekitabo kye Season of Anomy hamwe na Collected Plays byona bikashohozibwa Oxford University Press. Ekihandiiko kye ky'ebirikumukwataho ekya The Man Died, ekirikurundaana ebi yaahandiikire omu kihome, nakyo kikashohozibwa omwaka ogwo.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/biographical/ Wole Soyinka | Biographical]", The Nobel Prize, 1986.</ref> Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Honoris Causa doctorate kuruga omu Yunivasite ya Leeds omuri 1973.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/honorary-degree/ Honorary Degree]", Leeds ''African Studies Bulletin'' 19 (November 1973), pp. 1–2. [Professor Soyinka receiving the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from the Chancellor, HRH the Duchess of Kent, on Thursday 17 May 1973 – image from 'Nobel Prize for Leeds Graduate', ''The Reporter'' (the University of Leeds), 258, 24 October 1986.]</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, National Theatre, London, ekashaba kandi yaatongoza omuzaano The Bacchae of Euripides,<ref name=":3" /> kandi emizaano ye Camwood on the Leaves na Jero's Metamorphosis nayo ekaba eri ey'okubanza kushohozibwa. Akamara omwaka gumwe nk'omugyenyi aha Churchill College, Cambridge<ref>Gumbel, Andrew (3 November 2005). "[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/03/theatre3 Wole Soyinka on how he came to write Death and the King's Horseman]". ''The Guardian''.</ref> (1973–74)<ref name=":4" /> kandi yaahandiika Death and the King's Horseman, ekyashomirwe omurundi gw'okubanza aha Churchill College.<ref name=":5" /> Omu 1974, Oxford University Press ekashohoza Soyinka's Collected Plays, Volume II. Akateeraho hamwe ekitabo kya 1975 Poems of Black Africa, ekyashohoziibwe nka kimwe ahakicweka kya Heinemann African Writers Series.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JtqywAEACAAJ Poems of Black Africa]'', Heinemann African Writers Series, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]. <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780435901714|9780435901714]]</bdi>.</ref> Kandi omuri 1975, Soyinka akakuzibwa yaaza aha ntebe y'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka Transition Magazine, akaabaire nikashangwa omu kibuga ekikuru ekya Ghana ekya Accra, ahu yaafurukiire.<ref name=":6" /> Akakoresa ebihandiiko bye omu magaziini kujumirira abo abarikusaasibwa munonga abairaguju (nk'eky'okureeberaho, ekicweka kye "Neo-Tarzanism: Eby'obutegyeki obwa Pseudo-Transition) hamwe n'obutegyeki bw'amahe. Akeesharinga ahabw'obutegyeki bw'amahe obwa Idi Amin omu Uganda. Bwanyima y'empindahinduka omu by'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria hamwe n'okuhenda gavumenti y'amahe eya Gowon omuri 1975, Soyinka akagaruka omu ihanga rye kandi yaagaruka omu mwanya gwe nka mukuru w'okugyeragyeranisa ebyahandiikirwe. omu Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref name=":6" /> === Okushomesa === Kuruga 1975 kuhisya 1999, Soyinka akaheereza nka Purofeesa w'ebitabo ebirikugyeragyeranisibwa aha Obafemi Awolowo University.<ref>Odinaka (31 July 2018). "[https://www.tori.ng/news/102835/the-house-prof-soyinka-lived-in-during-oau-days-tu.html The House Prof. Soyinka Lived In During OAU Days, Turned Into A Campus Museum (Photos)]". ''Tori.ng''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Amerika, akeegyesa aha Cornell University nk'omuhangu wa Goldwin Smith omu kwega aha Afirika hamwe n'eby'emizaano kuruga 1988 kuhisya 1991. Aha Yunivasite ya Emory, akatooranwa nka Robert W. Woodruff Purofeesa w'eby'emikono omuri 1996 kandi atwire ari Purofeesa w'okuhandiika omu Yunivasite ya Nevada, Las Vegas. Soyinka akaheereza scholar-in-residence omu Institute of African American Affairs eya New York University hamwe na Loyola Marymount University omuri Los Angeles, California. Akegyesa n'aha Yunivasite za Cambridge, Oxford, Harvard na Yale. Akaba ari omwegi w'amaani omu kutuura aha Yunivasite ya Duke omuri 2008.<ref>"[https://alumni.duke.edu/magazine/articles/soyinka-stage Soyinka on Stage | Nobel laureate works with student production of his play]". ''Duke Magazine''. No.&#x20;January–February 2011. 31 January 2011. Retrieved 18 April 2021.</ref> Omu Kwaikumi na kubiri 2017, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Europe Theatre Prize omu kicweka kya "Special Prize" category,<ref>Ajibade, Kunle (12 December 2017). "[https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2017/12/12/wole-soyinka-wins-europe-theatre-prize/ Wole Soyinka Wins The Europe Theatre Prize]". ''[[:en:P.M._News|P.M. News]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref><ref>"[https://www.concisenews.global/news/soyinka-wins-2017-the-europe-theatre-prize/ Soyinka Wins 2017 Europe Theatre Prize]". ''Concise News''. 15 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> ekyahairwe omuntu owaabaire "aine ekyayongyeireho omu kuhikiiriza emikoro y'eby'obuhangwa erikureetaho okwetegyereza n'okubagana amagyezi ahagati y'abantu".<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20171225034855/http://www.jamesmurua.com/wole-soyinka-to-receive-europe-theatre-prize-2017/ Wole Soyinka to receive Europe Theatre Prize 2017]". ''James Murua's Literature Blog''. 14 December 2017. Archived from the original on 25 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> Ebiro 1 September 2022, Soyinka akatwara entebe y'okuba Purofeesa w'eby'emizaano aha New York University Abu Dhabi.<ref>"[https://www.wam.ae/en/article/hszrfcet-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-joins-nyu-abu-dhabi Nobel laureate Wole Soyinka joins NYU Abu Dhabi faculty]". Emirates News Agency-WAM. 23 August 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref><ref>"[https://nyuad.nyu.edu/en/academics/divisions/arts-and-humanities/faculty/wole-soyinka.html Wole Soyinka | Arts Professor of Theater]". ''nyuad.nyu.edu''. New York University Abu Dhabi. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref> Omu 1976, akashohoza ekitabo kye ky'ebitebyo Ogun Abibiman, hamwe n'ekitabo ky'ebihandiiko ekiine omutwe Myth, Literature and the African World.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/facts/ The Nobel Prize in Literature 1986]". ''NobelPrize.org''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omuri ebi, Soyinka naashwijuma oburugo bw'oburagwa omu katemba ka Afirika kandi, arikukoresa eby'okureeberaho kuruga omuri Buraaya na Afirika, naagyeragyeranisa kandi akashoboorora eby'obuhangwa. Akaha orubazo rw'omutaano aha itendekyero ry'okushwijuma Afirika aha Yunivasite ya Ghana omuri Legon. Omu Okwaikumi 1976, envunuura ya Bufaransa eya The Dance of The Forests<ref>"[https://abjournals.org/ajchrt/papers/volume-8/issue-1/ghost-dirge-and-the-forest-dance-in-soyinkas-metathysical-play-a-dance-of-the-forests/ Ghost, Dirge and the Forest Dance in Soyinka's Metaphysical Play "A Dance of the Forests]". ''African Journal of Culture, History, Religion and Traditions (AJCHRT)''. 24 November 2024. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> ekazaanwa omuri Dakar. Omu 1977, Opera Wọnyọsi, okuhindura kwe okw'omuzzano gwa Bertolt Brecht, T''he Threepenny Opera'', gukazaanira omuri Ibadan. Omu 1979, Soyinka akebembera kandi yazaana omu muzaano gwa Jon Blair na Norman Fenton ogurikwetwa The Biko Inquest, omzaano ogurikwegamira aha magara ga Steve Biko, omwegi wa South Africa kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe bw'abantu owaateirwe akafa ahabwa pooriisi y'omuri South Africa eyabaire neekuratira engyenderwaho y'okushoroora omu bantu.<ref name=":4" /> Omu 1981 Soyinka akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebirikumukwataho Aké: The Years of Childhood, ekyasingire ekirabo kya 1983 Anisfield-Wolf Book Award.<ref>"[https://www.anisfield-wolf.org/winners/ake-the-years-of-childhood/ Winners: 1983 Nonfiction – Ake]". ''Anisfield-Wolf Book Awards''. Retrieved 9 April 2021.</ref> Soyinka akagumizamu yaatandikaho ekibiina ekindi eky'emizaano, ekya Guerrilla Unit, ekyasherwire kwejumba butunu n'abantu b'omubyaro. Ekigyendererwa kyayo kikaba kiri okubahwera kuteekateeka aha buremeezi bwabo n'okuha eiraka okwetomboitwa kwabo kurabira omu kukora emizaano migufu. Omu 1983, omuzaano gwe Requiem for a Futurologist gukaba guri omuzaano gwagwo gw'okubanza aha Yunivasite ya Ife. Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omwaka ogwo, emwe aha purogyekiti ze z'ebyeshongoro, ekitongore kya Unlimited Liability Company, kikashohoza akatambi k'okweshongora akarikwetwa I Love My Country, ahu abeeshongozi ba Nigeria abarikumanywa baazaaniire ebyeshongoro ebyahandiikirwe Soyinka. Omu 1984, akakora firimu Blues for a Prodigal, eyayorekirwe aha Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref>Gibbs, James (1985). "[https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/03064228508533902 Wole Soyinka's film banned]". ''[[:en:Index_on_Censorship|Index on Censorship]]''. '''14''' (3): 41. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1080/03064228508533902|10.1080/03064228508533902]]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:220929276 220929276] &#x2013; via [[:en:SAGE_Publishing|SAGE Publishing]].</ref> A Play of Giants ekorekwa omwaka nigwo gumwe.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (1984). ''[https://books.google.com.ng/books/about/A_Play_of_Giants.html?id=H3NuQgAACAAJ&redir_esc=y A Play of Giants]''. Methuen. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-413-55290-7|978-0-413-55290-7]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu myaka 1975–84, Soyinka akaba aine amaani omu by'obutegyeki. Aha Yunivasite ya Ife, emirimo ye y'obwebembezi ekaba erimu eby'okwerinda enguuto za gavumenti. Akajumirira obushomankuzi omu gavumenti ya purezidenti Shehu Shagari owaabaire atoorainwe abantu. Shagari ku yaahindwirwe omukuru w'amahe Muhammadu Buhari, Soyinka akaba ari aha rubaju rubi rw'amahe. Omu 1984, kooti emwe omuri Nigeria ekazibira ekitabo kye ekya 1972 The Man Died: Prison Notes.<ref>Gibbs (1986). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=xkJdDwAAQBAJ&q=%22the+man+died%22+soyinka+banned+1984&pg=PA17 Wole Soyinka]''. Macmillan. pp.&#x20;16–17. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781349182091|9781349182091]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu 1985, omuzaano gwe Requiem for a Futurologist gukashohozibwa omuri aba Rex Collings omuri London.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (1985). ''[https://catalogue.nla.gov.au/Record/106708/Details? Requiem for a futurologist]''. London: Rex Collings. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-86036-207-4|978-0-86036-207-4]]</bdi>.</ref> == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == 8rb97nzukxxiy6a9yxjzhbaf8eo00xc 7256409 7256406 2026-07-20T10:03:44Z Rooth N 2608660 7256409 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wp/nyn]] '''Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola] 2021, p.&#x20;34.</ref>''', a'''kazaarwa 13 Okwamushanju 1934) n'omuhandiiki Omunigeria, w'emizaano, kandi omuhandiiki w'ebitabo. Akahandiika ebitabo bishatu, by'ebitabo by'emigane mikye eikumi, ebitabo mushanju by'ebyevugo, ebitabo by'emizaano abiri na bitaano, hamwe n'ebitabo bitaano by'ebirikumukwataho.<ref name=":2">Gibbs, James (1986). ''Wole Soyinka''. Basingstoke: [[:en:Macmillan_Publishers|Macmillan]]. p.&#x20;3. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780333305287|9780333305287]]</bdi>.</ref> Ahandiikire ebitabo bibiri ebivunwirwe hamwe n'ebicweka bingi hamwe n'ebitebyo bikye bikye by'okuhandiikisa empapura z'amakuru hamwe n'ebitabo by'obwire bukye. Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel eky'omwaka 1986 omu by'obuhangwa ahabw'okugira ngu akaba naashwijuma "ebintu bingi ebirikukwata aha buhangwa hamwe n'orurimi rw'okwevuga ahabirikukwata aha kubaho kw'abantu".<ref>Abdullahi, Idowu (11 October 2024). "[https://punchng.com/nobel-laureate-award-exposed-me-to-danger-wole-soyinka/ Nobel Laureate award exposed me to danger]". ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Akazaarwa omu ka y'Abakurisitaayo Abayoruba omuri Aké, Abeokuta.<ref>"[https://dawncommission.org/professor-wole-soyinka/ Professor Wole Soyinka – DAWN Commission]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref><ref name=":0">"[https://wolesoyinkalecture.org/about-wole-soyinka-2/ About Wole Soyinka]". ''Wole Soyinka Lecture Series''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Soyinka akatunga obwegyese obw'okumutebeekanisa aha Government College, Ibadan kandi yaagyenda aha University College Ibadan. Omu bwire bw'obwegyese bwe, akatandikaho ekibiina kya Pyrate Confraternity.<ref name=":0" /> Soyinka akaruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza kwega aha Yunivasite ya Leeds. Omu bwire obwo, niwe yaabaire ari omuhandiiki w'akatabo ka yunivasite, The Eagle, atakabaire muhandiiki ow'obutwire omu myaka ya 1950.<ref>"[https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/wole-soyinka/ Wole Soyinka – Narrative Landscape Press]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Bungyereza, akatandika kuhandiika ebitebyo bigufu n'okukora ebihandiiko aha BBC Lecture series. Akahandiika emizaano mingi eyazaanairwe aha reediyo hamwe n'omu myanya y'emizaano omuri Nigeria hamwe na Bungyereza, okukira munonga Royal Court Theatre.<ref>"[https://livingarchive.royalcourttheatre.com/black-plays-1960s/ Black Plays 1960s]". ''Royal Court - Living Archive''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Ebitabo bya Soyinka bingi hamwe n'emizaano ye, nibiteebwaho omuri Nigeria, ekirikworeka ebyafaayo by'eihanga eryo, eby'obuhangwa, hamwe n'oburemeezi bw'eby'obutegyeki. Oyihireho emirimo egi, akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi ebirikujumiirira emitwarize mibi y'abantu omungyeri erikushetsya. Ebihandiiko ebi bikajanjaara omu bantu baingi kandi byakundwa munonga. Atungire obusinguzi n'emizaano ye, otwariiremu The Swamp Dwellers (1958), The Lion and the Jewel (1959), na The Invention (1957), omuzaano gumwe ahayabandize, ogwakoriirwe aha Royal Court Theatre. Soyinka ahandiikire ebitabo bingi, otwariiremu The Interpreters (1965), Season of Anomy (1973), Death and the King's Horseman, Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth (2021), na Harmattan Haze on an African Spring (2012). Omu Kwamushanju 2024, Bola Tinubu akahindura eiziina ry'ekishengye ky'emizaano ekya National Arts Theatre ahanyima ya Soyinka aha mazaarwa ge ag'emyaka 90. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Soyinka akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju 1934 omuri Ake, Abeokuta, Nigeria omu ka y'Abakristaayo ey'obuzaare bw'Abayoruba. Akaba ari owa kabiri omu baana mushanju[a] ba Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, omuheereza w'Abakuristayo kandi mukuru w'eishomero kuruga omu ruganda rw'obugabe orwa Isara-Remo[<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1988 Gibbs 1988], pp.&#x20;526.</ref> hamwe na Grace Soyinka (née Jenkins-Harrison), omushubuuzi kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe kuruga omu ruganda rwa Ransome-Kuti.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFMaduakor1986 Maduakor 1986], pp.&#x20;227.</ref> Nyina Grace hamwe n'ab'eka ye, aba Ransome-Kutis, bakaba bari ab'eka y'amaani omuri Nigeria<ref>Staff writer (9 May 2014). "[https://businessday.ng/family-and-relationships/article/great-dynasties-the-ransome-kutis/ Great Dynasties:The Ransome-Kutis]". ''[[:en:BusinessDay_(Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> abarikugambwaho nk'ekigarukwamu kya Nigeria aha ka ya Kennedy omuri United States. Owaabatandikireho, omusesorodooti w'Abakuristaayo J. J. Ransome-Kuti, akaba ari omuntu w'okubanza omu ihanga rye omu by'okushohoza ebyeshongoro omu myaka ya 1920.<ref>Sansom, Ian. "[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/11/fela-kuti-great-dynasties-ian-sansom Great Dynasties: The Ransome-Kutis]". ''theguardian.com''. Retrieved 17 January 2026.</ref> Kuruga 1940 kuhistya 1946, Soyinka akaba naashoma aha St. Peters Primary School, ahu ishe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eishomero.<ref>"[https://guardian.ng/art/genius-of-the-unconventional-and-the-patterning-of-dualities-wole-soyinkas-early-childhood-part-3/ Genius of the unconventional and the patterning of dualities: Wole Soyinka's early childhood]". ''T[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|he Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akashomera siniya ye Abeokuta Grammar School kandi okushoma kwe okw'okweteekateekyera Yunivasite aha Government College, Ibadan kuruga 1946 kuhisya 1951.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/soyinka-wole-1934/ Wole Soyinka (1934- )]". ''[[:en:BlackPast.org|BlackPast.org]]''. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akaheebwa omwanya omu University College Ibadan, ahu yaashomire ebyahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza, Orugriika, hamwe n'ebyafaayo by'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kuruga 1952 kuhisya 1954.<ref name=":1">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola 2021], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Omu myaka ye y'ahamuheru omu yunivasite, akahandiika omuzaano mugufu aha reediyo, Keffi's Birthday Treat, ogwashohwire omu Kwamushanju 1954 kuruga omu kitongore kya Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1980 Gibbs 1980], p.&#x20;21.</ref> Hamwe n'abeegi bagyenzi be otwariiremu Olumuyiwa Awẹ, Ralph Opara, Aig-Imoukhuede, na Pius Olegbe, akatandikaho ekibiina ekirikwetwa National Association of Seadogs, ekibiina ky'okubanza omuri Nigeria.<ref name=":1" /> Soyinka akafuruka kuruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza omuri 1954 kugumizamu n'emishomo ye omu byahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza aha Yunivasite ya Leeds arikureebererwa G. Wilson Knight.<ref>''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFEncyclopedia_Britannica2024 Encyclopedia Britannica]'' 2024.</ref> Okusharamu kw'okushoma aheeru y'eihanga omu bwire obwo obu okushoma diguri ya kabiri kyabaire kitarikubaho omuri Ibadan kikaba kiri kurabira omuri Joyce M. Green, omukazi Omungyereza owaizire omu University College, Ibadan kuruga Cambridge omuri 1950, kandi owaabaire ari omwe aha beegyesa ba Soyinka kandi owaabaire amuhaire ekihandiiko kirungi eky'okumugambaho omuri Leeds.<ref>Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi (28 July 2019). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/soyinkas-early-romance-with-england-1954-1959-a-cold-chapter-for-an-anti-form-rebel-part-1/ Soyinka's early romance with England 1954-1959: A cold chapter for an anti-form rebel]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 8 January 2026.</ref> Aha yunivasite ya Leeds, akaheereza nk'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka yunivasite akarikushetsya, The Eagle, omuri ako yaahandiika ekicweka aha magara g'eby'okushoma. Omu Kwamunaana 1955, akatandika kukwata ebyeshongoro aha BBC Lecture kandi yaahandiika ebitebyo bigufu nyingi. Omuri 1957, akasingura empaka z'okugamba ezirikubaho buri mwaka ezirikuteebwaho Yunivasite.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFLindfors1974 Lindfors 1974], pp.&#x20;471–486.</ref> == Emirimo == === 1957–1967: Omurimo gwe gw'okubanza === Soyinka akaguma omuri Leeds bwanyima y'okutunga diguri ye eya BA honours omu Rungyereza omuri 1957.<ref name=":2" /> Omu 1957, akatandika kuhandiika emizaano ye ey'okubanza, ''Swamp Dwellers'' na ''The Lion and the Jewel''. Soyinka akaza London kandi yaakora nk'omushomi w'emizaano aha Royal Court Theatre. Akebembera ekibiina kya Nigerian Drama Group ekyakozire The Swamp Dwellers omuri 1958. Omu bwire obwo, emizaano ye ebiri ekazaanwa omuri Ibadan, Nigeria. Omuri 1957, omuzaano gwe, The Invention, gukashohozibwa aha Royal Court Theatre omuri London, kandi gukaba guri omurimo gwe gw'okubanza aha.<ref>"Wole Soyinka". ''African Biography''. Detroit, MI: Gale (published 2 December 2006). 1999. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-2823-9|978-0-7876-2823-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akahandiika ebyevugo, otwariiremu "''The Immigrant''" hamwe na "''My Next Door Neighbour''", ebyareebekire omuri Black Orpheus. Omuri 1959, Soyinka akagaruka Nigeria bwanyima y'okutunga obuhwezi bwa Rockefeller Research Fellowship ahabw'okucondooza kwe aha by'emizaano ya Afirika. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe omwaka nigwo gumwe, akaza omu mwanya gwa Janheinz Jahn nk'omwe ahabahandiiki babiri bakuru ba Black Orpheus.<ref>Jacobs, Alan. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/trials-brother-jero The Trials Of Brother Jero]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu 1960, akamara omuzaano gwe ogwa reediyo Camwood on the Leaves, kandi n'omuzaano gwe ''The Trials of Brother Jero'' gukatongozibwa omu Mellanby Hall residence of University College Ibadan omu Kwakana 1960. Akakora ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Mask omu myaka ya 1960. Omuzaano gwe ogwa A Dance of The Forest, gukatongozibwa nk'omuzaano gw'eizooba ry'okwetegyeka kwa Nigeria, kandi ebiro 1 Okwaikumi 1960, gukatongozibwa omuri Lagos.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[[:en:BlackPast.org|Wole Soyinka (1934- )". ''BlackPast.org'']]. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Omuzaano gwa Soyinka ogw'okubanza ogurikwetwa My Father's Burden, gukaba nigwebemberwa Olusegun Olusola kandi gukaba nigworekwa aha Western Nigeria Television ebiro 6 Okwamunaana 1960.<ref>Uzoatu, Uzor Maxim (5 October 2013). "[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/146108-essential-soyinka-timeline-uzor-maxim-uzoatu.html The Essential Soyinka Timeline]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref> Omu 1962, Soyinka akahandiika ebihandiiko birikurwanirira okushoma n'okuhandiika omuri Nigeria omu bwire obwo otwariiremu "Death of the King's Horsemen" hamwe na "Towards a True Theater", ebyashohoziibwe omu Transition Magazine.<ref>Amayi, Zakayo (22 June 2013). "[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/standard-entertainment/article/2000086475/soyinkas-grumpy-battles-to-defend-literary-legacy Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's grumpy battles to defend literary legacy]". Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa aha Obafemi Awolowo University omuri Ifẹ. Omu 1963, firimu ye y'okubanza, Culture in Transition, ekashohozibwa. Soyinka akarekura omurimo gwe aha Yunivasite omuri 1964, nk'okwesharinga ahabw'emitwarize y'okushagika gavumenti eyateirweho ab'obushoborozi. Akagira ngu ab'obushoborozi omu yunivasite bakakwatanisa eitendekyero n'obutegyeki bwa Samuel Ladoke Akintola obwabaire butarikukundwa. Omu bwire obwo, akakora The Lion and the Jewel<ref>"[https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/critical-responses-to-african-theatre-wole-soyinkas-the-lion-and-the-jewel-by-professor-martin-banham/ Critical Responses to African Theatre: Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel by Professor Martin Banham | Black Plays Archive]". ''www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> omu siizoni y'emizaano omu Rungyereza na Yoruba hamwe n'okutandikaho The Orisun Theatre Company, guruupu ya theatre. Omu 1965, akakora omuzaano gwa gurikujumirira emitwarize mibi omungyeru erikushestya, ''Before the Blackout''.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/african-theatre-soyinka/ Review of African Theatre Soyinka: Blackout, Blowout and Beyond | Centre for African Studies (LUCAS)]". ''lucas.leeds.ac.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuzano gwe, Kongi's Harvest, gukatandika omu Kwamunaana omuri Lagos. Ebiro 14 September 1965, omuzaano gwe The Road gukatandika kworekwa omuri London aha Commonwealth Arts Festival hamwe na Theatre Royal Stratford East. Soyinka akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa mukuru aha Yunivasite ya Lagos. Juba, ekitabo kye ekisya The Interpreters kikashohozibwa André Deutsch omuri London. Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akakomwa omurundi gw'okubanza, yaajunaanwa okukwata reediyo aha mbundu akahindura akatambi k'ebigambo by'enganzi y'ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba n'akatambi akarikujunaana okwiba akaruuru. Akarekurwa bwanyima y'ameezi agamwe g'okukomwa ahabw'okwesharinga kw'abantu b'ensi yoona abahandiiki. Akahandiika n'ekitabo The Detainee, omuzaano gwa reediyo ogwashohozibwe BBC omuri London.<ref>Ezugwu, Obinna (19 July 2021). "[https://hallmarknews.com/salute-to-kongi-at-87/ Salute To Kongi At 87]". ''hallmarknews.com''. Retrieved 13 August 2022.</ref> === 1966–1968: Orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria === Bwanyima y'okuba Mukuru w'ekibiina ky'emizaano aha Yunivasite ya Ibadan, Soyinka akatandika kwejumba omu by'obutegyeki. Bwanyima y'amahe okuhamba obutegyeki omu kwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1966, akabugana omu kihama Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, gavana w'amahe ow'amashuuma g'oburugwa izooba bwa Nigeria omu kugyezaho okuzibira orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria.<ref>"[https://howng.com/professor-wole-soyinka-full-biographylife-and-news/ Professor Wole Soyinka Full Biography, Life And News]". ''howng.com''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Akaza n'omuri Ẹnugu, ahu yabugaine mugyenzi we Omuyoruba, Victor Banjọ, orikukora na gavumenti ya Biafra. Soyinka, owaashabire obushagiki bw'abeebembezi b'amahe omu kicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, akahitsya obutumwa bwa Banjo ahari Lieutenant Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo, owaabaire atoorainwe nk'omuduumizi w'amahe g'omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba. Omumwebazyo gw'akana, Soyinka agarukire omu mahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, amahe ga Biafra gakatahirira ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Bwanyima y'okutwara oburengyerwa-izooba, Soyinka akabugana Obasanjo kumugambira ekigyendererwa ky'Ababiafra ahabwokuba Obasanjo akaba yaacwiremu kwegaita aha gavumenti ya Nigeria. Kwonka okutahirira kwa Biafra ahagati yóburegyerwa eizooba kikarugamu okuhoorera okwakozirwe amahe ga gavumenti eya federo, kandi orutaro rw'omunda rukatandika. Obasanjo akashoboorora gavumenti ya Nigeria orukiiko rwe na Soyinka, yarangirira Soyinka nk'omuheekyera, n'ahabw'ekyo akakwatwa ab'obushoborozi bwa federo kandi yaakomwa kumara emyezi 22.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/07/27/wole.soyinka/index.html Wole Soyinka: Nigeria's Nobel Laureate]". ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. 1 August 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2026.</ref> Akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi n'byevugo arikujuumirira gavumenti ya Nigeria obu yaabaire ari omu kihome.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (2006), ''You Must Set Forth at Dawn'', p. 6.</ref> Omu kutandika kwa 1967, ebihandiiko bye Kongi’s Harvest na Idanre and Other Poems bikashohozibwa.<ref>"[https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/engp06/chapter/wole-soyinka-kongis-harvest/ Wole Soyinka, Kongi's Harvest – African & Caribbean Writing in English]". ''ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Ari na Tom Stoppard, akatunga ekirabo kya John Whiting omuri London. Akatooranwa kuba mukuru w'eishomero rya Drama, Yunivasite ya Ibadan kwonka akaremwa kutwara entebe egyo ahabw'okubohwa omu kwezi kwa munaana. N'obu araabe yaabaire ari omu kihome, omuzaano gwe ogurikwetwa The Lion and The Jewel gukagumizamu gwashohozibwa omuri Accra, Ghana omu Kwamwenda 1967. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Strong Breed bikashohozibwa aba Off-Broadway omu Greenwich Mews Theatre omuri New York City. Omuri 1968, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Jock Campbell-New Statesman Award. Ekibiina kya Negro Ensemble Company kikashohoza Kongi's Harvest aha St. Mark's Theatre, New York.<ref>"[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,838330,00.html Theater: Kongi's Harvest]". ''Time''. 26 April 1968. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X 0040-781X]. Retrieved 7 May 2022.</ref> Akavunuura D. O. Fagunwa's Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irunmale kuruga omu rurimi rwa Yoruba kuza omu Rungyereza. Kikashohozibwa nka The Forest of a Thousand Demons: A Hunter's Saga. === Okurekurwa n'okushohoza ebitabo. === Omu Okwaikumi 1969, emyezi mikye erikuburayo orutaro rw'omunda rukahwa, okusaasira kukarangirirwa, Soyinka hamwe n'abandi basibe b'eby'obutegyeki barekurwa.<ref>PEN America (16 April 2012). "[https://pen.org/case-histories-wole-soyinka/ Case Histories: Wole Soyinka]". ''PEN America''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omu myezi mikye y'okubanza bwanyima y'okurekurwa kwe, Soyinka akaguma aha faamu ya munywani we omu mashuuma ga Bufaransa, ahu yaasherwire kuhuumuraho wenka. Akahandiika The Bacchae of Euripides (1969), ekihandiiko kihindwiremu kushushana enfumu ya Pentheus.<ref name=":3">Killam and Rowe (eds), ''The Companion to African Literature'' (2000), p. 276.</ref> Kandi akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebyevugo omuri London, kikwetwa Poems from Prison. Aha muheru gw'omwaka, akagaruka omu ofiisi ye nk'orikukurira eby'emizaano omuri Ibadan.<ref name=":5">"[https://dailytrust.com/things-to-know-about-prof-wole-soyinka-at-89/ Things To Know About Prof Wole Soyinka At 89]". ''[[:en:Daily_Trust|Daily Trust]]''. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omu 1970, akashohoza omuzaano Kongi's Harvest, kandi omu bwire bumwe akaguhindura nk'omuzaano gwa firimu gw'eiziina niryo rimwe, Kongi's Harvest. Omu Kwamukaaga 1970, akamara omuzaano ogundi, ogurikwetwa Madmen and Specialists.<ref>Ajeluorou, Anote (25 July 2015). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/periscoping-a-senseless-war-in-madmen-and-specialists/ Periscoping A Senseless War In Madmen And Specialists]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</ref> Arikukoragana n'ekibiina ky'abazaani 15 ba Ibadan University Theatre Art Company, akagyenda United States, kureeba Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center omuri Waterford, Connecticut, ahu omuzaano gwe oguyabaire ahererukurieyo kuhandiika gwayorekirwe omurundi gwokubanza.[citation needed] Omu 1971, ekitabo kye ky'ebyevugo ekya A Shuttle in the Crypt kikashohozibwa. Madmen and Specialists kikashohozibwa omuri Ibadan omwaka ogwo.<ref>Lee, Christopher J. (25 March 2020). "[http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/reading-wole-soyinka-s-madmen-and-specialists-time-pandemic Reading Wole Soyinka's 'Madmen and Specialists' in a Time of Pandemic]". ''Warscapes''.</ref> Omu Kwakana 1971, ahabw'okwerarikirira aha mbeera y'eby'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria, Soyinka akarekura emirimo ye aha Yunivasite omuri Ibadan, kandi yaatandika emyaka mingi ayetwaire omubuzaahe. kuza omu buzaahe.<ref name=":6">Adegbamigbe, Ademola (13 July 2019). "[https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/07/13/soyinka-at-85-why-i-detained-him-for-2-years-during-civil-war-yakubu-gowon/ Soyinka at 85: 'Why I Detained Him for 2 Years During the Civil War' - Yakubu Gowon]". ''The NEWS''. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</ref> Soyinka akagyenda omuri Paris, Bufaransa, kutwara omurimo gw'okuzaana nka Patrice Lumumba, mukuru w'eihanga w'okubanza rya Repubulika ya Kongo owaisirwe, omu muzaano ogwashohozibwe Joan Littlewood omu kwakataano 1971 ogurikwetwa Murderous Angels, omuzaano gwa Conor Cruise O'Brien ogwabaire nigukwata aha buremeezi bwa Kongo.<ref name=":4">Gibbs, James. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/soyinka-wole-13-july-1934 Soyinka, Wole 1934–]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 September 2021. (Updated by [[:en:Tanure_Ojaide|Tanure Ojaide]].)</ref><ref>[[:en:Biodun_Jeyifo|Jeyifo, Biodun]] (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nwhlgrVqvYkC&q=%22Murderous+Angels%22%3D&pg=PR27 Chronology]". ''Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, and Postcolonialism''. Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;xxvii. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139439084|9781139439084]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri Paris, ebicweka kuruga omu muzaano gwa Soyinka ogurikumanywa munonga The Dance of The Forests bikazaanwa.<ref>Adenekan, Sulaiman (2016). "[https://www.tradenewswire.net/the-pride-of-africa-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-clocks-85-years-serving-humanity-poetically/ The Pride of Africa: Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka clocks 85 years serving humanity poeticall]y". ''Trade Newswire''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Omu 1972, ekitabo kye Season of Anomy hamwe na Collected Plays byona bikashohozibwa Oxford University Press. Ekihandiiko kye ky'ebirikumukwataho ekya The Man Died, ekirikurundaana ebi yaahandiikire omu kihome, nakyo kikashohozibwa omwaka ogwo.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/biographical/ Wole Soyinka | Biographical]", The Nobel Prize, 1986.</ref> Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Honoris Causa doctorate kuruga omu Yunivasite ya Leeds omuri 1973.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/honorary-degree/ Honorary Degree]", Leeds ''African Studies Bulletin'' 19 (November 1973), pp. 1–2. [Professor Soyinka receiving the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from the Chancellor, HRH the Duchess of Kent, on Thursday 17 May 1973 – image from 'Nobel Prize for Leeds Graduate', ''The Reporter'' (the University of Leeds), 258, 24 October 1986.]</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, National Theatre, London, ekashaba kandi yaatongoza omuzaano The Bacchae of Euripides,<ref name=":3" /> kandi emizaano ye Camwood on the Leaves na Jero's Metamorphosis nayo ekaba eri ey'okubanza kushohozibwa. Akamara omwaka gumwe nk'omugyenyi aha Churchill College, Cambridge<ref>Gumbel, Andrew (3 November 2005). "[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/03/theatre3 Wole Soyinka on how he came to write Death and the King's Horseman]". ''The Guardian''.</ref> (1973–74)<ref name=":4" /> kandi yaahandiika Death and the King's Horseman, ekyashomirwe omurundi gw'okubanza aha Churchill College.<ref name=":5" /> Omu 1974, Oxford University Press ekashohoza Soyinka's Collected Plays, Volume II. Akateeraho hamwe ekitabo kya 1975 Poems of Black Africa, ekyashohoziibwe nka kimwe ahakicweka kya Heinemann African Writers Series.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JtqywAEACAAJ Poems of Black Africa]'', Heinemann African Writers Series, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]. <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780435901714|9780435901714]]</bdi>.</ref> Kandi omuri 1975, Soyinka akakuzibwa yaaza aha ntebe y'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka Transition Magazine, akaabaire nikashangwa omu kibuga ekikuru ekya Ghana ekya Accra, ahu yaafurukiire.<ref name=":6" /> Akakoresa ebihandiiko bye omu magaziini kujumirira abo abarikusaasibwa munonga abairaguju (nk'eky'okureeberaho, ekicweka kye "Neo-Tarzanism: Eby'obutegyeki obwa Pseudo-Transition) hamwe n'obutegyeki bw'amahe. Akeesharinga ahabw'obutegyeki bw'amahe obwa Idi Amin omu Uganda. Bwanyima y'empindahinduka omu by'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria hamwe n'okuhenda gavumenti y'amahe eya Gowon omuri 1975, Soyinka akagaruka omu ihanga rye kandi yaagaruka omu mwanya gwe nka mukuru w'okugyeragyeranisa ebyahandiikirwe. omu Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref name=":6" /> === Okushomesa === Kuruga 1975 kuhisya 1999, Soyinka akaheereza nka Purofeesa w'ebitabo ebirikugyeragyeranisibwa aha Obafemi Awolowo University.<ref>Odinaka (31 July 2018). "[https://www.tori.ng/news/102835/the-house-prof-soyinka-lived-in-during-oau-days-tu.html The House Prof. Soyinka Lived In During OAU Days, Turned Into A Campus Museum (Photos)]". ''Tori.ng''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Amerika, akeegyesa aha Cornell University nk'omuhangu wa Goldwin Smith omu kwega aha Afirika hamwe n'eby'emizaano kuruga 1988 kuhisya 1991. Aha Yunivasite ya Emory, akatooranwa nka Robert W. Woodruff Purofeesa w'eby'emikono omuri 1996 kandi atwire ari Purofeesa w'okuhandiika omu Yunivasite ya Nevada, Las Vegas. Soyinka akaheereza scholar-in-residence omu Institute of African American Affairs eya New York University hamwe na Loyola Marymount University omuri Los Angeles, California. Akegyesa n'aha Yunivasite za Cambridge, Oxford, Harvard na Yale. Akaba ari omwegi w'amaani omu kutuura aha Yunivasite ya Duke omuri 2008.<ref>"[https://alumni.duke.edu/magazine/articles/soyinka-stage Soyinka on Stage | Nobel laureate works with student production of his play]". ''Duke Magazine''. No.&#x20;January–February 2011. 31 January 2011. Retrieved 18 April 2021.</ref> Omu Kwaikumi na kubiri 2017, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Europe Theatre Prize omu kicweka kya "Special Prize" category,<ref>Ajibade, Kunle (12 December 2017). "[https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2017/12/12/wole-soyinka-wins-europe-theatre-prize/ Wole Soyinka Wins The Europe Theatre Prize]". ''[[:en:P.M._News|P.M. News]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref><ref>"[https://www.concisenews.global/news/soyinka-wins-2017-the-europe-theatre-prize/ Soyinka Wins 2017 Europe Theatre Prize]". ''Concise News''. 15 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> ekyahairwe omuntu owaabaire "aine ekyayongyeireho omu kuhikiiriza emikoro y'eby'obuhangwa erikureetaho okwetegyereza n'okubagana amagyezi ahagati y'abantu".<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20171225034855/http://www.jamesmurua.com/wole-soyinka-to-receive-europe-theatre-prize-2017/ Wole Soyinka to receive Europe Theatre Prize 2017]". ''James Murua's Literature Blog''. 14 December 2017. Archived from the original on 25 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> Ebiro 1 September 2022, Soyinka akatwara entebe y'okuba Purofeesa w'eby'emizaano aha New York University Abu Dhabi.<ref>"[https://www.wam.ae/en/article/hszrfcet-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-joins-nyu-abu-dhabi Nobel laureate Wole Soyinka joins NYU Abu Dhabi faculty]". Emirates News Agency-WAM. 23 August 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref><ref>"[https://nyuad.nyu.edu/en/academics/divisions/arts-and-humanities/faculty/wole-soyinka.html Wole Soyinka | Arts Professor of Theater]". ''nyuad.nyu.edu''. New York University Abu Dhabi. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref> Omu 1976, akashohoza ekitabo kye ky'ebitebyo Ogun Abibiman, hamwe n'ekitabo ky'ebihandiiko ekiine omutwe Myth, Literature and the African World.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/facts/ The Nobel Prize in Literature 1986]". ''NobelPrize.org''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omuri ebi, Soyinka naashwijuma oburugo bw'oburagwa omu katemba ka Afirika kandi, arikukoresa eby'okureeberaho kuruga omuri Buraaya na Afirika, naagyeragyeranisa kandi akashoboorora eby'obuhangwa. Akaha orubazo rw'omutaano aha itendekyero ry'okushwijuma Afirika aha Yunivasite ya Ghana omuri Legon. Omu Okwaikumi 1976, envunuura ya Bufaransa eya The Dance of The Forests<ref>"[https://abjournals.org/ajchrt/papers/volume-8/issue-1/ghost-dirge-and-the-forest-dance-in-soyinkas-metathysical-play-a-dance-of-the-forests/ Ghost, Dirge and the Forest Dance in Soyinka's Metaphysical Play "A Dance of the Forests]". ''African Journal of Culture, History, Religion and Traditions (AJCHRT)''. 24 November 2024. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> ekazaanwa omuri Dakar. Omu 1977, Opera Wọnyọsi, okuhindura kwe okw'omuzzano gwa Bertolt Brecht, T''he Threepenny Opera'', gukazaanira omuri Ibadan. Omu 1979, Soyinka akebembera kandi yazaana omu muzaano gwa Jon Blair na Norman Fenton ogurikwetwa The Biko Inquest, omzaano ogurikwegamira aha magara ga Steve Biko, omwegi wa South Africa kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe bw'abantu owaateirwe akafa ahabwa pooriisi y'omuri South Africa eyabaire neekuratira engyenderwaho y'okushoroora omu bantu.<ref name=":4" /> Omu 1981 Soyinka akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebirikumukwataho Aké: The Years of Childhood, ekyasingire ekirabo kya 1983 Anisfield-Wolf Book Award.<ref>"[https://www.anisfield-wolf.org/winners/ake-the-years-of-childhood/ Winners: 1983 Nonfiction – Ake]". ''Anisfield-Wolf Book Awards''. Retrieved 9 April 2021.</ref> Soyinka akagumizamu yaatandikaho ekibiina ekindi eky'emizaano, ekya Guerrilla Unit, ekyasherwire kwejumba butunu n'abantu b'omubyaro. Ekigyendererwa kyayo kikaba kiri okubahwera kuteekateeka aha buremeezi bwabo n'okuha eiraka okwetomboitwa kwabo kurabira omu kukora emizaano migufu. Omu 1983, omuzaano gwe Requiem for a Futurologist gukaba guri omuzaano gwagwo gw'okubanza aha Yunivasite ya Ife. Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omwaka ogwo, emwe aha purogyekiti ze z'ebyeshongoro, ekitongore kya Unlimited Liability Company, kikashohoza akatambi k'okweshongora akarikwetwa I Love My Country, ahu abeeshongozi ba Nigeria abarikumanywa baazaaniire ebyeshongoro ebyahandiikirwe Soyinka. Omu 1984, akakora firimu Blues for a Prodigal, eyayorekirwe aha Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref>Gibbs, James (1985). "[https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/03064228508533902 Wole Soyinka's film banned]". ''[[:en:Index_on_Censorship|Index on Censorship]]''. '''14''' (3): 41. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1080/03064228508533902|10.1080/03064228508533902]]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:220929276 220929276] &#x2013; via [[:en:SAGE_Publishing|SAGE Publishing]].</ref> A Play of Giants ekorekwa omwaka nigwo gumwe.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (1984). ''[https://books.google.com.ng/books/about/A_Play_of_Giants.html?id=H3NuQgAACAAJ&redir_esc=y A Play of Giants]''. Methuen. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-413-55290-7|978-0-413-55290-7]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu myaka 1975–84, Soyinka akaba aine amaani omu by'obutegyeki. Aha Yunivasite ya Ife, emirimo ye y'obwebembezi ekaba erimu eby'okwerinda enguuto za gavumenti. Akajumirira obushomankuzi omu gavumenti ya purezidenti Shehu Shagari owaabaire atoorainwe abantu. Shagari ku yaahindwirwe omukuru w'amahe Muhammadu Buhari, Soyinka akaba ari aha rubaju rubi rw'amahe. Omu 1984, kooti emwe omuri Nigeria ekazibira ekitabo kye ekya 1972 The Man Died: Prison Notes.<ref>Gibbs (1986). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=xkJdDwAAQBAJ&q=%22the+man+died%22+soyinka+banned+1984&pg=PA17 Wole Soyinka]''. Macmillan. pp.&#x20;16–17. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781349182091|9781349182091]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu 1985, omuzaano gwe Requiem for a Futurologist gukashohozibwa omuri aba Rex Collings omuri London.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (1985). ''[https://catalogue.nla.gov.au/Record/106708/Details? Requiem for a futurologist]''. London: Rex Collings. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-86036-207-4|978-0-86036-207-4]]</bdi>.</ref> === 1986: Okuhangura ekirabo kya Nobel Prize === == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == je25iyo1x84cglwqccblkiv9ll1avrq 7256410 7256409 2026-07-20T10:07:48Z Rooth N 2608660 7256410 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wp/nyn]] '''Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola] 2021, p.&#x20;34.</ref>''', a'''kazaarwa 13 Okwamushanju 1934) n'omuhandiiki Omunigeria, w'emizaano, kandi omuhandiiki w'ebitabo. Akahandiika ebitabo bishatu, by'ebitabo by'emigane mikye eikumi, ebitabo mushanju by'ebyevugo, ebitabo by'emizaano abiri na bitaano, hamwe n'ebitabo bitaano by'ebirikumukwataho.<ref name=":2">Gibbs, James (1986). ''Wole Soyinka''. Basingstoke: [[:en:Macmillan_Publishers|Macmillan]]. p.&#x20;3. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780333305287|9780333305287]]</bdi>.</ref> Ahandiikire ebitabo bibiri ebivunwirwe hamwe n'ebicweka bingi hamwe n'ebitebyo bikye bikye by'okuhandiikisa empapura z'amakuru hamwe n'ebitabo by'obwire bukye. Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel eky'omwaka 1986 omu by'obuhangwa ahabw'okugira ngu akaba naashwijuma "ebintu bingi ebirikukwata aha buhangwa hamwe n'orurimi rw'okwevuga ahabirikukwata aha kubaho kw'abantu".<ref>Abdullahi, Idowu (11 October 2024). "[https://punchng.com/nobel-laureate-award-exposed-me-to-danger-wole-soyinka/ Nobel Laureate award exposed me to danger]". ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Akazaarwa omu ka y'Abakurisitaayo Abayoruba omuri Aké, Abeokuta.<ref>"[https://dawncommission.org/professor-wole-soyinka/ Professor Wole Soyinka – DAWN Commission]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref><ref name=":0">"[https://wolesoyinkalecture.org/about-wole-soyinka-2/ About Wole Soyinka]". ''Wole Soyinka Lecture Series''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Soyinka akatunga obwegyese obw'okumutebeekanisa aha Government College, Ibadan kandi yaagyenda aha University College Ibadan. Omu bwire bw'obwegyese bwe, akatandikaho ekibiina kya Pyrate Confraternity.<ref name=":0" /> Soyinka akaruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza kwega aha Yunivasite ya Leeds. Omu bwire obwo, niwe yaabaire ari omuhandiiki w'akatabo ka yunivasite, The Eagle, atakabaire muhandiiki ow'obutwire omu myaka ya 1950.<ref>"[https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/wole-soyinka/ Wole Soyinka – Narrative Landscape Press]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Bungyereza, akatandika kuhandiika ebitebyo bigufu n'okukora ebihandiiko aha BBC Lecture series. Akahandiika emizaano mingi eyazaanairwe aha reediyo hamwe n'omu myanya y'emizaano omuri Nigeria hamwe na Bungyereza, okukira munonga Royal Court Theatre.<ref>"[https://livingarchive.royalcourttheatre.com/black-plays-1960s/ Black Plays 1960s]". ''Royal Court - Living Archive''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Ebitabo bya Soyinka bingi hamwe n'emizaano ye, nibiteebwaho omuri Nigeria, ekirikworeka ebyafaayo by'eihanga eryo, eby'obuhangwa, hamwe n'oburemeezi bw'eby'obutegyeki. Oyihireho emirimo egi, akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi ebirikujumiirira emitwarize mibi y'abantu omungyeri erikushetsya. Ebihandiiko ebi bikajanjaara omu bantu baingi kandi byakundwa munonga. Atungire obusinguzi n'emizaano ye, otwariiremu The Swamp Dwellers (1958), The Lion and the Jewel (1959), na The Invention (1957), omuzaano gumwe ahayabandize, ogwakoriirwe aha Royal Court Theatre. Soyinka ahandiikire ebitabo bingi, otwariiremu The Interpreters (1965), Season of Anomy (1973), Death and the King's Horseman, Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth (2021), na Harmattan Haze on an African Spring (2012). Omu Kwamushanju 2024, Bola Tinubu akahindura eiziina ry'ekishengye ky'emizaano ekya National Arts Theatre ahanyima ya Soyinka aha mazaarwa ge ag'emyaka 90. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Soyinka akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju 1934 omuri Ake, Abeokuta, Nigeria omu ka y'Abakristaayo ey'obuzaare bw'Abayoruba. Akaba ari owa kabiri omu baana mushanju[a] ba Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, omuheereza w'Abakuristayo kandi mukuru w'eishomero kuruga omu ruganda rw'obugabe orwa Isara-Remo[<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1988 Gibbs 1988], pp.&#x20;526.</ref> hamwe na Grace Soyinka (née Jenkins-Harrison), omushubuuzi kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe kuruga omu ruganda rwa Ransome-Kuti.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFMaduakor1986 Maduakor 1986], pp.&#x20;227.</ref> Nyina Grace hamwe n'ab'eka ye, aba Ransome-Kutis, bakaba bari ab'eka y'amaani omuri Nigeria<ref>Staff writer (9 May 2014). "[https://businessday.ng/family-and-relationships/article/great-dynasties-the-ransome-kutis/ Great Dynasties:The Ransome-Kutis]". ''[[:en:BusinessDay_(Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> abarikugambwaho nk'ekigarukwamu kya Nigeria aha ka ya Kennedy omuri United States. Owaabatandikireho, omusesorodooti w'Abakuristaayo J. J. Ransome-Kuti, akaba ari omuntu w'okubanza omu ihanga rye omu by'okushohoza ebyeshongoro omu myaka ya 1920.<ref>Sansom, Ian. "[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/11/fela-kuti-great-dynasties-ian-sansom Great Dynasties: The Ransome-Kutis]". ''theguardian.com''. Retrieved 17 January 2026.</ref> Kuruga 1940 kuhistya 1946, Soyinka akaba naashoma aha St. Peters Primary School, ahu ishe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eishomero.<ref>"[https://guardian.ng/art/genius-of-the-unconventional-and-the-patterning-of-dualities-wole-soyinkas-early-childhood-part-3/ Genius of the unconventional and the patterning of dualities: Wole Soyinka's early childhood]". ''T[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|he Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akashomera siniya ye Abeokuta Grammar School kandi okushoma kwe okw'okweteekateekyera Yunivasite aha Government College, Ibadan kuruga 1946 kuhisya 1951.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/soyinka-wole-1934/ Wole Soyinka (1934- )]". ''[[:en:BlackPast.org|BlackPast.org]]''. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akaheebwa omwanya omu University College Ibadan, ahu yaashomire ebyahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza, Orugriika, hamwe n'ebyafaayo by'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kuruga 1952 kuhisya 1954.<ref name=":1">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola 2021], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Omu myaka ye y'ahamuheru omu yunivasite, akahandiika omuzaano mugufu aha reediyo, Keffi's Birthday Treat, ogwashohwire omu Kwamushanju 1954 kuruga omu kitongore kya Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1980 Gibbs 1980], p.&#x20;21.</ref> Hamwe n'abeegi bagyenzi be otwariiremu Olumuyiwa Awẹ, Ralph Opara, Aig-Imoukhuede, na Pius Olegbe, akatandikaho ekibiina ekirikwetwa National Association of Seadogs, ekibiina ky'okubanza omuri Nigeria.<ref name=":1" /> Soyinka akafuruka kuruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza omuri 1954 kugumizamu n'emishomo ye omu byahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza aha Yunivasite ya Leeds arikureebererwa G. Wilson Knight.<ref>''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFEncyclopedia_Britannica2024 Encyclopedia Britannica]'' 2024.</ref> Okusharamu kw'okushoma aheeru y'eihanga omu bwire obwo obu okushoma diguri ya kabiri kyabaire kitarikubaho omuri Ibadan kikaba kiri kurabira omuri Joyce M. Green, omukazi Omungyereza owaizire omu University College, Ibadan kuruga Cambridge omuri 1950, kandi owaabaire ari omwe aha beegyesa ba Soyinka kandi owaabaire amuhaire ekihandiiko kirungi eky'okumugambaho omuri Leeds.<ref>Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi (28 July 2019). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/soyinkas-early-romance-with-england-1954-1959-a-cold-chapter-for-an-anti-form-rebel-part-1/ Soyinka's early romance with England 1954-1959: A cold chapter for an anti-form rebel]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 8 January 2026.</ref> Aha yunivasite ya Leeds, akaheereza nk'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka yunivasite akarikushetsya, The Eagle, omuri ako yaahandiika ekicweka aha magara g'eby'okushoma. Omu Kwamunaana 1955, akatandika kukwata ebyeshongoro aha BBC Lecture kandi yaahandiika ebitebyo bigufu nyingi. Omuri 1957, akasingura empaka z'okugamba ezirikubaho buri mwaka ezirikuteebwaho Yunivasite.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFLindfors1974 Lindfors 1974], pp.&#x20;471–486.</ref> == Emirimo == === 1957–1967: Omurimo gwe gw'okubanza === Soyinka akaguma omuri Leeds bwanyima y'okutunga diguri ye eya BA honours omu Rungyereza omuri 1957.<ref name=":2" /> Omu 1957, akatandika kuhandiika emizaano ye ey'okubanza, ''Swamp Dwellers'' na ''The Lion and the Jewel''. Soyinka akaza London kandi yaakora nk'omushomi w'emizaano aha Royal Court Theatre. Akebembera ekibiina kya Nigerian Drama Group ekyakozire The Swamp Dwellers omuri 1958. Omu bwire obwo, emizaano ye ebiri ekazaanwa omuri Ibadan, Nigeria. Omuri 1957, omuzaano gwe, The Invention, gukashohozibwa aha Royal Court Theatre omuri London, kandi gukaba guri omurimo gwe gw'okubanza aha.<ref>"Wole Soyinka". ''African Biography''. Detroit, MI: Gale (published 2 December 2006). 1999. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-2823-9|978-0-7876-2823-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akahandiika ebyevugo, otwariiremu "''The Immigrant''" hamwe na "''My Next Door Neighbour''", ebyareebekire omuri Black Orpheus. Omuri 1959, Soyinka akagaruka Nigeria bwanyima y'okutunga obuhwezi bwa Rockefeller Research Fellowship ahabw'okucondooza kwe aha by'emizaano ya Afirika. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe omwaka nigwo gumwe, akaza omu mwanya gwa Janheinz Jahn nk'omwe ahabahandiiki babiri bakuru ba Black Orpheus.<ref>Jacobs, Alan. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/trials-brother-jero The Trials Of Brother Jero]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu 1960, akamara omuzaano gwe ogwa reediyo Camwood on the Leaves, kandi n'omuzaano gwe ''The Trials of Brother Jero'' gukatongozibwa omu Mellanby Hall residence of University College Ibadan omu Kwakana 1960. Akakora ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Mask omu myaka ya 1960. Omuzaano gwe ogwa A Dance of The Forest, gukatongozibwa nk'omuzaano gw'eizooba ry'okwetegyeka kwa Nigeria, kandi ebiro 1 Okwaikumi 1960, gukatongozibwa omuri Lagos.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[[:en:BlackPast.org|Wole Soyinka (1934- )". ''BlackPast.org'']]. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Omuzaano gwa Soyinka ogw'okubanza ogurikwetwa My Father's Burden, gukaba nigwebemberwa Olusegun Olusola kandi gukaba nigworekwa aha Western Nigeria Television ebiro 6 Okwamunaana 1960.<ref>Uzoatu, Uzor Maxim (5 October 2013). "[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/146108-essential-soyinka-timeline-uzor-maxim-uzoatu.html The Essential Soyinka Timeline]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref> Omu 1962, Soyinka akahandiika ebihandiiko birikurwanirira okushoma n'okuhandiika omuri Nigeria omu bwire obwo otwariiremu "Death of the King's Horsemen" hamwe na "Towards a True Theater", ebyashohoziibwe omu Transition Magazine.<ref>Amayi, Zakayo (22 June 2013). "[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/standard-entertainment/article/2000086475/soyinkas-grumpy-battles-to-defend-literary-legacy Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's grumpy battles to defend literary legacy]". Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa aha Obafemi Awolowo University omuri Ifẹ. Omu 1963, firimu ye y'okubanza, Culture in Transition, ekashohozibwa. Soyinka akarekura omurimo gwe aha Yunivasite omuri 1964, nk'okwesharinga ahabw'emitwarize y'okushagika gavumenti eyateirweho ab'obushoborozi. Akagira ngu ab'obushoborozi omu yunivasite bakakwatanisa eitendekyero n'obutegyeki bwa Samuel Ladoke Akintola obwabaire butarikukundwa. Omu bwire obwo, akakora The Lion and the Jewel<ref>"[https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/critical-responses-to-african-theatre-wole-soyinkas-the-lion-and-the-jewel-by-professor-martin-banham/ Critical Responses to African Theatre: Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel by Professor Martin Banham | Black Plays Archive]". ''www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> omu siizoni y'emizaano omu Rungyereza na Yoruba hamwe n'okutandikaho The Orisun Theatre Company, guruupu ya theatre. Omu 1965, akakora omuzaano gwa gurikujumirira emitwarize mibi omungyeru erikushestya, ''Before the Blackout''.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/african-theatre-soyinka/ Review of African Theatre Soyinka: Blackout, Blowout and Beyond | Centre for African Studies (LUCAS)]". ''lucas.leeds.ac.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuzano gwe, Kongi's Harvest, gukatandika omu Kwamunaana omuri Lagos. Ebiro 14 September 1965, omuzaano gwe The Road gukatandika kworekwa omuri London aha Commonwealth Arts Festival hamwe na Theatre Royal Stratford East. Soyinka akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa mukuru aha Yunivasite ya Lagos. Juba, ekitabo kye ekisya The Interpreters kikashohozibwa André Deutsch omuri London. Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akakomwa omurundi gw'okubanza, yaajunaanwa okukwata reediyo aha mbundu akahindura akatambi k'ebigambo by'enganzi y'ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba n'akatambi akarikujunaana okwiba akaruuru. Akarekurwa bwanyima y'ameezi agamwe g'okukomwa ahabw'okwesharinga kw'abantu b'ensi yoona abahandiiki. Akahandiika n'ekitabo The Detainee, omuzaano gwa reediyo ogwashohozibwe BBC omuri London.<ref>Ezugwu, Obinna (19 July 2021). "[https://hallmarknews.com/salute-to-kongi-at-87/ Salute To Kongi At 87]". ''hallmarknews.com''. Retrieved 13 August 2022.</ref> === 1966–1968: Orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria === Bwanyima y'okuba Mukuru w'ekibiina ky'emizaano aha Yunivasite ya Ibadan, Soyinka akatandika kwejumba omu by'obutegyeki. Bwanyima y'amahe okuhamba obutegyeki omu kwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1966, akabugana omu kihama Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, gavana w'amahe ow'amashuuma g'oburugwa izooba bwa Nigeria omu kugyezaho okuzibira orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria.<ref>"[https://howng.com/professor-wole-soyinka-full-biographylife-and-news/ Professor Wole Soyinka Full Biography, Life And News]". ''howng.com''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Akaza n'omuri Ẹnugu, ahu yabugaine mugyenzi we Omuyoruba, Victor Banjọ, orikukora na gavumenti ya Biafra. Soyinka, owaashabire obushagiki bw'abeebembezi b'amahe omu kicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, akahitsya obutumwa bwa Banjo ahari Lieutenant Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo, owaabaire atoorainwe nk'omuduumizi w'amahe g'omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba. Omumwebazyo gw'akana, Soyinka agarukire omu mahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, amahe ga Biafra gakatahirira ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Bwanyima y'okutwara oburengyerwa-izooba, Soyinka akabugana Obasanjo kumugambira ekigyendererwa ky'Ababiafra ahabwokuba Obasanjo akaba yaacwiremu kwegaita aha gavumenti ya Nigeria. Kwonka okutahirira kwa Biafra ahagati yóburegyerwa eizooba kikarugamu okuhoorera okwakozirwe amahe ga gavumenti eya federo, kandi orutaro rw'omunda rukatandika. Obasanjo akashoboorora gavumenti ya Nigeria orukiiko rwe na Soyinka, yarangirira Soyinka nk'omuheekyera, n'ahabw'ekyo akakwatwa ab'obushoborozi bwa federo kandi yaakomwa kumara emyezi 22.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/07/27/wole.soyinka/index.html Wole Soyinka: Nigeria's Nobel Laureate]". ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. 1 August 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2026.</ref> Akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi n'byevugo arikujuumirira gavumenti ya Nigeria obu yaabaire ari omu kihome.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (2006), ''You Must Set Forth at Dawn'', p. 6.</ref> Omu kutandika kwa 1967, ebihandiiko bye Kongi’s Harvest na Idanre and Other Poems bikashohozibwa.<ref>"[https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/engp06/chapter/wole-soyinka-kongis-harvest/ Wole Soyinka, Kongi's Harvest – African & Caribbean Writing in English]". ''ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Ari na Tom Stoppard, akatunga ekirabo kya John Whiting omuri London. Akatooranwa kuba mukuru w'eishomero rya Drama, Yunivasite ya Ibadan kwonka akaremwa kutwara entebe egyo ahabw'okubohwa omu kwezi kwa munaana. N'obu araabe yaabaire ari omu kihome, omuzaano gwe ogurikwetwa The Lion and The Jewel gukagumizamu gwashohozibwa omuri Accra, Ghana omu Kwamwenda 1967. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Strong Breed bikashohozibwa aba Off-Broadway omu Greenwich Mews Theatre omuri New York City. Omuri 1968, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Jock Campbell-New Statesman Award. Ekibiina kya Negro Ensemble Company kikashohoza Kongi's Harvest aha St. Mark's Theatre, New York.<ref>"[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,838330,00.html Theater: Kongi's Harvest]". ''Time''. 26 April 1968. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X 0040-781X]. Retrieved 7 May 2022.</ref> Akavunuura D. O. Fagunwa's Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irunmale kuruga omu rurimi rwa Yoruba kuza omu Rungyereza. Kikashohozibwa nka The Forest of a Thousand Demons: A Hunter's Saga. === Okurekurwa n'okushohoza ebitabo. === Omu Okwaikumi 1969, emyezi mikye erikuburayo orutaro rw'omunda rukahwa, okusaasira kukarangirirwa, Soyinka hamwe n'abandi basibe b'eby'obutegyeki barekurwa.<ref>PEN America (16 April 2012). "[https://pen.org/case-histories-wole-soyinka/ Case Histories: Wole Soyinka]". ''PEN America''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omu myezi mikye y'okubanza bwanyima y'okurekurwa kwe, Soyinka akaguma aha faamu ya munywani we omu mashuuma ga Bufaransa, ahu yaasherwire kuhuumuraho wenka. Akahandiika The Bacchae of Euripides (1969), ekihandiiko kihindwiremu kushushana enfumu ya Pentheus.<ref name=":3">Killam and Rowe (eds), ''The Companion to African Literature'' (2000), p. 276.</ref> Kandi akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebyevugo omuri London, kikwetwa Poems from Prison. Aha muheru gw'omwaka, akagaruka omu ofiisi ye nk'orikukurira eby'emizaano omuri Ibadan.<ref name=":5">"[https://dailytrust.com/things-to-know-about-prof-wole-soyinka-at-89/ Things To Know About Prof Wole Soyinka At 89]". ''[[:en:Daily_Trust|Daily Trust]]''. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omu 1970, akashohoza omuzaano Kongi's Harvest, kandi omu bwire bumwe akaguhindura nk'omuzaano gwa firimu gw'eiziina niryo rimwe, Kongi's Harvest. Omu Kwamukaaga 1970, akamara omuzaano ogundi, ogurikwetwa Madmen and Specialists.<ref>Ajeluorou, Anote (25 July 2015). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/periscoping-a-senseless-war-in-madmen-and-specialists/ Periscoping A Senseless War In Madmen And Specialists]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</ref> Arikukoragana n'ekibiina ky'abazaani 15 ba Ibadan University Theatre Art Company, akagyenda United States, kureeba Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center omuri Waterford, Connecticut, ahu omuzaano gwe oguyabaire ahererukurieyo kuhandiika gwayorekirwe omurundi gwokubanza.[citation needed] Omu 1971, ekitabo kye ky'ebyevugo ekya A Shuttle in the Crypt kikashohozibwa. Madmen and Specialists kikashohozibwa omuri Ibadan omwaka ogwo.<ref>Lee, Christopher J. (25 March 2020). "[http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/reading-wole-soyinka-s-madmen-and-specialists-time-pandemic Reading Wole Soyinka's 'Madmen and Specialists' in a Time of Pandemic]". ''Warscapes''.</ref> Omu Kwakana 1971, ahabw'okwerarikirira aha mbeera y'eby'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria, Soyinka akarekura emirimo ye aha Yunivasite omuri Ibadan, kandi yaatandika emyaka mingi ayetwaire omubuzaahe. kuza omu buzaahe.<ref name=":6">Adegbamigbe, Ademola (13 July 2019). "[https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/07/13/soyinka-at-85-why-i-detained-him-for-2-years-during-civil-war-yakubu-gowon/ Soyinka at 85: 'Why I Detained Him for 2 Years During the Civil War' - Yakubu Gowon]". ''The NEWS''. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</ref> Soyinka akagyenda omuri Paris, Bufaransa, kutwara omurimo gw'okuzaana nka Patrice Lumumba, mukuru w'eihanga w'okubanza rya Repubulika ya Kongo owaisirwe, omu muzaano ogwashohozibwe Joan Littlewood omu kwakataano 1971 ogurikwetwa Murderous Angels, omuzaano gwa Conor Cruise O'Brien ogwabaire nigukwata aha buremeezi bwa Kongo.<ref name=":4">Gibbs, James. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/soyinka-wole-13-july-1934 Soyinka, Wole 1934–]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 September 2021. (Updated by [[:en:Tanure_Ojaide|Tanure Ojaide]].)</ref><ref>[[:en:Biodun_Jeyifo|Jeyifo, Biodun]] (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nwhlgrVqvYkC&q=%22Murderous+Angels%22%3D&pg=PR27 Chronology]". ''Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, and Postcolonialism''. Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;xxvii. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139439084|9781139439084]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri Paris, ebicweka kuruga omu muzaano gwa Soyinka ogurikumanywa munonga The Dance of The Forests bikazaanwa.<ref>Adenekan, Sulaiman (2016). "[https://www.tradenewswire.net/the-pride-of-africa-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-clocks-85-years-serving-humanity-poetically/ The Pride of Africa: Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka clocks 85 years serving humanity poeticall]y". ''Trade Newswire''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Omu 1972, ekitabo kye Season of Anomy hamwe na Collected Plays byona bikashohozibwa Oxford University Press. Ekihandiiko kye ky'ebirikumukwataho ekya The Man Died, ekirikurundaana ebi yaahandiikire omu kihome, nakyo kikashohozibwa omwaka ogwo.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/biographical/ Wole Soyinka | Biographical]", The Nobel Prize, 1986.</ref> Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Honoris Causa doctorate kuruga omu Yunivasite ya Leeds omuri 1973.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/honorary-degree/ Honorary Degree]", Leeds ''African Studies Bulletin'' 19 (November 1973), pp. 1–2. [Professor Soyinka receiving the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from the Chancellor, HRH the Duchess of Kent, on Thursday 17 May 1973 – image from 'Nobel Prize for Leeds Graduate', ''The Reporter'' (the University of Leeds), 258, 24 October 1986.]</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, National Theatre, London, ekashaba kandi yaatongoza omuzaano The Bacchae of Euripides,<ref name=":3" /> kandi emizaano ye Camwood on the Leaves na Jero's Metamorphosis nayo ekaba eri ey'okubanza kushohozibwa. Akamara omwaka gumwe nk'omugyenyi aha Churchill College, Cambridge<ref>Gumbel, Andrew (3 November 2005). "[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/03/theatre3 Wole Soyinka on how he came to write Death and the King's Horseman]". ''The Guardian''.</ref> (1973–74)<ref name=":4" /> kandi yaahandiika Death and the King's Horseman, ekyashomirwe omurundi gw'okubanza aha Churchill College.<ref name=":5" /> Omu 1974, Oxford University Press ekashohoza Soyinka's Collected Plays, Volume II. Akateeraho hamwe ekitabo kya 1975 Poems of Black Africa, ekyashohoziibwe nka kimwe ahakicweka kya Heinemann African Writers Series.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JtqywAEACAAJ Poems of Black Africa]'', Heinemann African Writers Series, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]. <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780435901714|9780435901714]]</bdi>.</ref> Kandi omuri 1975, Soyinka akakuzibwa yaaza aha ntebe y'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka Transition Magazine, akaabaire nikashangwa omu kibuga ekikuru ekya Ghana ekya Accra, ahu yaafurukiire.<ref name=":6" /> Akakoresa ebihandiiko bye omu magaziini kujumirira abo abarikusaasibwa munonga abairaguju (nk'eky'okureeberaho, ekicweka kye "Neo-Tarzanism: Eby'obutegyeki obwa Pseudo-Transition) hamwe n'obutegyeki bw'amahe. Akeesharinga ahabw'obutegyeki bw'amahe obwa Idi Amin omu Uganda. Bwanyima y'empindahinduka omu by'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria hamwe n'okuhenda gavumenti y'amahe eya Gowon omuri 1975, Soyinka akagaruka omu ihanga rye kandi yaagaruka omu mwanya gwe nka mukuru w'okugyeragyeranisa ebyahandiikirwe. omu Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref name=":6" /> === Okushomesa === Kuruga 1975 kuhisya 1999, Soyinka akaheereza nka Purofeesa w'ebitabo ebirikugyeragyeranisibwa aha Obafemi Awolowo University.<ref>Odinaka (31 July 2018). "[https://www.tori.ng/news/102835/the-house-prof-soyinka-lived-in-during-oau-days-tu.html The House Prof. Soyinka Lived In During OAU Days, Turned Into A Campus Museum (Photos)]". ''Tori.ng''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Amerika, akeegyesa aha Cornell University nk'omuhangu wa Goldwin Smith omu kwega aha Afirika hamwe n'eby'emizaano kuruga 1988 kuhisya 1991. Aha Yunivasite ya Emory, akatooranwa nka Robert W. Woodruff Purofeesa w'eby'emikono omuri 1996 kandi atwire ari Purofeesa w'okuhandiika omu Yunivasite ya Nevada, Las Vegas. Soyinka akaheereza scholar-in-residence omu Institute of African American Affairs eya New York University hamwe na Loyola Marymount University omuri Los Angeles, California. Akegyesa n'aha Yunivasite za Cambridge, Oxford, Harvard na Yale. Akaba ari omwegi w'amaani omu kutuura aha Yunivasite ya Duke omuri 2008.<ref>"[https://alumni.duke.edu/magazine/articles/soyinka-stage Soyinka on Stage | Nobel laureate works with student production of his play]". ''Duke Magazine''. No.&#x20;January–February 2011. 31 January 2011. Retrieved 18 April 2021.</ref> Omu Kwaikumi na kubiri 2017, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Europe Theatre Prize omu kicweka kya "Special Prize" category,<ref>Ajibade, Kunle (12 December 2017). "[https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2017/12/12/wole-soyinka-wins-europe-theatre-prize/ Wole Soyinka Wins The Europe Theatre Prize]". ''[[:en:P.M._News|P.M. News]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref><ref>"[https://www.concisenews.global/news/soyinka-wins-2017-the-europe-theatre-prize/ Soyinka Wins 2017 Europe Theatre Prize]". ''Concise News''. 15 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> ekyahairwe omuntu owaabaire "aine ekyayongyeireho omu kuhikiiriza emikoro y'eby'obuhangwa erikureetaho okwetegyereza n'okubagana amagyezi ahagati y'abantu".<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20171225034855/http://www.jamesmurua.com/wole-soyinka-to-receive-europe-theatre-prize-2017/ Wole Soyinka to receive Europe Theatre Prize 2017]". ''James Murua's Literature Blog''. 14 December 2017. Archived from the original on 25 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> Ebiro 1 September 2022, Soyinka akatwara entebe y'okuba Purofeesa w'eby'emizaano aha New York University Abu Dhabi.<ref>"[https://www.wam.ae/en/article/hszrfcet-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-joins-nyu-abu-dhabi Nobel laureate Wole Soyinka joins NYU Abu Dhabi faculty]". Emirates News Agency-WAM. 23 August 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref><ref>"[https://nyuad.nyu.edu/en/academics/divisions/arts-and-humanities/faculty/wole-soyinka.html Wole Soyinka | Arts Professor of Theater]". ''nyuad.nyu.edu''. New York University Abu Dhabi. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref> Omu 1976, akashohoza ekitabo kye ky'ebitebyo Ogun Abibiman, hamwe n'ekitabo ky'ebihandiiko ekiine omutwe Myth, Literature and the African World.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/facts/ The Nobel Prize in Literature 1986]". ''NobelPrize.org''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omuri ebi, Soyinka naashwijuma oburugo bw'oburagwa omu katemba ka Afirika kandi, arikukoresa eby'okureeberaho kuruga omuri Buraaya na Afirika, naagyeragyeranisa kandi akashoboorora eby'obuhangwa. Akaha orubazo rw'omutaano aha itendekyero ry'okushwijuma Afirika aha Yunivasite ya Ghana omuri Legon. Omu Okwaikumi 1976, envunuura ya Bufaransa eya The Dance of The Forests<ref>"[https://abjournals.org/ajchrt/papers/volume-8/issue-1/ghost-dirge-and-the-forest-dance-in-soyinkas-metathysical-play-a-dance-of-the-forests/ Ghost, Dirge and the Forest Dance in Soyinka's Metaphysical Play "A Dance of the Forests]". ''African Journal of Culture, History, Religion and Traditions (AJCHRT)''. 24 November 2024. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> ekazaanwa omuri Dakar. Omu 1977, Opera Wọnyọsi, okuhindura kwe okw'omuzzano gwa Bertolt Brecht, T''he Threepenny Opera'', gukazaanira omuri Ibadan. Omu 1979, Soyinka akebembera kandi yazaana omu muzaano gwa Jon Blair na Norman Fenton ogurikwetwa The Biko Inquest, omzaano ogurikwegamira aha magara ga Steve Biko, omwegi wa South Africa kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe bw'abantu owaateirwe akafa ahabwa pooriisi y'omuri South Africa eyabaire neekuratira engyenderwaho y'okushoroora omu bantu.<ref name=":4" /> Omu 1981 Soyinka akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebirikumukwataho Aké: The Years of Childhood, ekyasingire ekirabo kya 1983 Anisfield-Wolf Book Award.<ref>"[https://www.anisfield-wolf.org/winners/ake-the-years-of-childhood/ Winners: 1983 Nonfiction – Ake]". ''Anisfield-Wolf Book Awards''. Retrieved 9 April 2021.</ref> Soyinka akagumizamu yaatandikaho ekibiina ekindi eky'emizaano, ekya Guerrilla Unit, ekyasherwire kwejumba butunu n'abantu b'omubyaro. Ekigyendererwa kyayo kikaba kiri okubahwera kuteekateeka aha buremeezi bwabo n'okuha eiraka okwetomboitwa kwabo kurabira omu kukora emizaano migufu. Omu 1983, omuzaano gwe Requiem for a Futurologist gukaba guri omuzaano gwagwo gw'okubanza aha Yunivasite ya Ife. Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omwaka ogwo, emwe aha purogyekiti ze z'ebyeshongoro, ekitongore kya Unlimited Liability Company, kikashohoza akatambi k'okweshongora akarikwetwa I Love My Country, ahu abeeshongozi ba Nigeria abarikumanywa baazaaniire ebyeshongoro ebyahandiikirwe Soyinka. Omu 1984, akakora firimu Blues for a Prodigal, eyayorekirwe aha Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref>Gibbs, James (1985). "[https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/03064228508533902 Wole Soyinka's film banned]". ''[[:en:Index_on_Censorship|Index on Censorship]]''. '''14''' (3): 41. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1080/03064228508533902|10.1080/03064228508533902]]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:220929276 220929276] &#x2013; via [[:en:SAGE_Publishing|SAGE Publishing]].</ref> A Play of Giants ekorekwa omwaka nigwo gumwe.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (1984). ''[https://books.google.com.ng/books/about/A_Play_of_Giants.html?id=H3NuQgAACAAJ&redir_esc=y A Play of Giants]''. Methuen. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-413-55290-7|978-0-413-55290-7]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu myaka 1975–84, Soyinka akaba aine amaani omu by'obutegyeki. Aha Yunivasite ya Ife, emirimo ye y'obwebembezi ekaba erimu eby'okwerinda enguuto za gavumenti. Akajumirira obushomankuzi omu gavumenti ya purezidenti Shehu Shagari owaabaire atoorainwe abantu. Shagari ku yaahindwirwe omukuru w'amahe Muhammadu Buhari, Soyinka akaba ari aha rubaju rubi rw'amahe. Omu 1984, kooti emwe omuri Nigeria ekazibira ekitabo kye ekya 1972 The Man Died: Prison Notes.<ref>Gibbs (1986). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=xkJdDwAAQBAJ&q=%22the+man+died%22+soyinka+banned+1984&pg=PA17 Wole Soyinka]''. Macmillan. pp.&#x20;16–17. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781349182091|9781349182091]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu 1985, omuzaano gwe Requiem for a Futurologist gukashohozibwa omuri aba Rex Collings omuri London.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (1985). ''[https://catalogue.nla.gov.au/Record/106708/Details? Requiem for a futurologist]''. London: Rex Collings. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-86036-207-4|978-0-86036-207-4]]</bdi>.</ref> === 1986: Okuhangura ekirabo kya Nobel Prize === Soyinka akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel Prize for Literature omuri 1986,[60][61] yaahinduka Omufirika w'okubanza kuhangura ekirabo ekyo. == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == 3s1x0boqqcmpb94sdbrzgivmyq5p9i3 7256411 7256410 2026-07-20T10:10:23Z Rooth N 2608660 7256411 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wp/nyn]] '''Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola] 2021, p.&#x20;34.</ref>''', a'''kazaarwa 13 Okwamushanju 1934) n'omuhandiiki Omunigeria, w'emizaano, kandi omuhandiiki w'ebitabo. Akahandiika ebitabo bishatu, by'ebitabo by'emigane mikye eikumi, ebitabo mushanju by'ebyevugo, ebitabo by'emizaano abiri na bitaano, hamwe n'ebitabo bitaano by'ebirikumukwataho.<ref name=":2">Gibbs, James (1986). ''Wole Soyinka''. Basingstoke: [[:en:Macmillan_Publishers|Macmillan]]. p.&#x20;3. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780333305287|9780333305287]]</bdi>.</ref> Ahandiikire ebitabo bibiri ebivunwirwe hamwe n'ebicweka bingi hamwe n'ebitebyo bikye bikye by'okuhandiikisa empapura z'amakuru hamwe n'ebitabo by'obwire bukye. Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel eky'omwaka 1986 omu by'obuhangwa ahabw'okugira ngu akaba naashwijuma "ebintu bingi ebirikukwata aha buhangwa hamwe n'orurimi rw'okwevuga ahabirikukwata aha kubaho kw'abantu".<ref>Abdullahi, Idowu (11 October 2024). "[https://punchng.com/nobel-laureate-award-exposed-me-to-danger-wole-soyinka/ Nobel Laureate award exposed me to danger]". ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Akazaarwa omu ka y'Abakurisitaayo Abayoruba omuri Aké, Abeokuta.<ref>"[https://dawncommission.org/professor-wole-soyinka/ Professor Wole Soyinka – DAWN Commission]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref><ref name=":0">"[https://wolesoyinkalecture.org/about-wole-soyinka-2/ About Wole Soyinka]". ''Wole Soyinka Lecture Series''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Soyinka akatunga obwegyese obw'okumutebeekanisa aha Government College, Ibadan kandi yaagyenda aha University College Ibadan. Omu bwire bw'obwegyese bwe, akatandikaho ekibiina kya Pyrate Confraternity.<ref name=":0" /> Soyinka akaruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza kwega aha Yunivasite ya Leeds. Omu bwire obwo, niwe yaabaire ari omuhandiiki w'akatabo ka yunivasite, The Eagle, atakabaire muhandiiki ow'obutwire omu myaka ya 1950.<ref>"[https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/wole-soyinka/ Wole Soyinka – Narrative Landscape Press]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Bungyereza, akatandika kuhandiika ebitebyo bigufu n'okukora ebihandiiko aha BBC Lecture series. Akahandiika emizaano mingi eyazaanairwe aha reediyo hamwe n'omu myanya y'emizaano omuri Nigeria hamwe na Bungyereza, okukira munonga Royal Court Theatre.<ref>"[https://livingarchive.royalcourttheatre.com/black-plays-1960s/ Black Plays 1960s]". ''Royal Court - Living Archive''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Ebitabo bya Soyinka bingi hamwe n'emizaano ye, nibiteebwaho omuri Nigeria, ekirikworeka ebyafaayo by'eihanga eryo, eby'obuhangwa, hamwe n'oburemeezi bw'eby'obutegyeki. Oyihireho emirimo egi, akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi ebirikujumiirira emitwarize mibi y'abantu omungyeri erikushetsya. Ebihandiiko ebi bikajanjaara omu bantu baingi kandi byakundwa munonga. Atungire obusinguzi n'emizaano ye, otwariiremu The Swamp Dwellers (1958), The Lion and the Jewel (1959), na The Invention (1957), omuzaano gumwe ahayabandize, ogwakoriirwe aha Royal Court Theatre. Soyinka ahandiikire ebitabo bingi, otwariiremu The Interpreters (1965), Season of Anomy (1973), Death and the King's Horseman, Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth (2021), na Harmattan Haze on an African Spring (2012). Omu Kwamushanju 2024, Bola Tinubu akahindura eiziina ry'ekishengye ky'emizaano ekya National Arts Theatre ahanyima ya Soyinka aha mazaarwa ge ag'emyaka 90. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Soyinka akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju 1934 omuri Ake, Abeokuta, Nigeria omu ka y'Abakristaayo ey'obuzaare bw'Abayoruba. Akaba ari owa kabiri omu baana mushanju[a] ba Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, omuheereza w'Abakuristayo kandi mukuru w'eishomero kuruga omu ruganda rw'obugabe orwa Isara-Remo[<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1988 Gibbs 1988], pp.&#x20;526.</ref> hamwe na Grace Soyinka (née Jenkins-Harrison), omushubuuzi kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe kuruga omu ruganda rwa Ransome-Kuti.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFMaduakor1986 Maduakor 1986], pp.&#x20;227.</ref> Nyina Grace hamwe n'ab'eka ye, aba Ransome-Kutis, bakaba bari ab'eka y'amaani omuri Nigeria<ref>Staff writer (9 May 2014). "[https://businessday.ng/family-and-relationships/article/great-dynasties-the-ransome-kutis/ Great Dynasties:The Ransome-Kutis]". ''[[:en:BusinessDay_(Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> abarikugambwaho nk'ekigarukwamu kya Nigeria aha ka ya Kennedy omuri United States. Owaabatandikireho, omusesorodooti w'Abakuristaayo J. J. Ransome-Kuti, akaba ari omuntu w'okubanza omu ihanga rye omu by'okushohoza ebyeshongoro omu myaka ya 1920.<ref>Sansom, Ian. "[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/11/fela-kuti-great-dynasties-ian-sansom Great Dynasties: The Ransome-Kutis]". ''theguardian.com''. Retrieved 17 January 2026.</ref> Kuruga 1940 kuhistya 1946, Soyinka akaba naashoma aha St. Peters Primary School, ahu ishe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eishomero.<ref>"[https://guardian.ng/art/genius-of-the-unconventional-and-the-patterning-of-dualities-wole-soyinkas-early-childhood-part-3/ Genius of the unconventional and the patterning of dualities: Wole Soyinka's early childhood]". ''T[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|he Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akashomera siniya ye Abeokuta Grammar School kandi okushoma kwe okw'okweteekateekyera Yunivasite aha Government College, Ibadan kuruga 1946 kuhisya 1951.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/soyinka-wole-1934/ Wole Soyinka (1934- )]". ''[[:en:BlackPast.org|BlackPast.org]]''. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akaheebwa omwanya omu University College Ibadan, ahu yaashomire ebyahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza, Orugriika, hamwe n'ebyafaayo by'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kuruga 1952 kuhisya 1954.<ref name=":1">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola 2021], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Omu myaka ye y'ahamuheru omu yunivasite, akahandiika omuzaano mugufu aha reediyo, Keffi's Birthday Treat, ogwashohwire omu Kwamushanju 1954 kuruga omu kitongore kya Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1980 Gibbs 1980], p.&#x20;21.</ref> Hamwe n'abeegi bagyenzi be otwariiremu Olumuyiwa Awẹ, Ralph Opara, Aig-Imoukhuede, na Pius Olegbe, akatandikaho ekibiina ekirikwetwa National Association of Seadogs, ekibiina ky'okubanza omuri Nigeria.<ref name=":1" /> Soyinka akafuruka kuruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza omuri 1954 kugumizamu n'emishomo ye omu byahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza aha Yunivasite ya Leeds arikureebererwa G. Wilson Knight.<ref>''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFEncyclopedia_Britannica2024 Encyclopedia Britannica]'' 2024.</ref> Okusharamu kw'okushoma aheeru y'eihanga omu bwire obwo obu okushoma diguri ya kabiri kyabaire kitarikubaho omuri Ibadan kikaba kiri kurabira omuri Joyce M. Green, omukazi Omungyereza owaizire omu University College, Ibadan kuruga Cambridge omuri 1950, kandi owaabaire ari omwe aha beegyesa ba Soyinka kandi owaabaire amuhaire ekihandiiko kirungi eky'okumugambaho omuri Leeds.<ref>Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi (28 July 2019). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/soyinkas-early-romance-with-england-1954-1959-a-cold-chapter-for-an-anti-form-rebel-part-1/ Soyinka's early romance with England 1954-1959: A cold chapter for an anti-form rebel]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 8 January 2026.</ref> Aha yunivasite ya Leeds, akaheereza nk'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka yunivasite akarikushetsya, The Eagle, omuri ako yaahandiika ekicweka aha magara g'eby'okushoma. Omu Kwamunaana 1955, akatandika kukwata ebyeshongoro aha BBC Lecture kandi yaahandiika ebitebyo bigufu nyingi. Omuri 1957, akasingura empaka z'okugamba ezirikubaho buri mwaka ezirikuteebwaho Yunivasite.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFLindfors1974 Lindfors 1974], pp.&#x20;471–486.</ref> == Emirimo == === 1957–1967: Omurimo gwe gw'okubanza === Soyinka akaguma omuri Leeds bwanyima y'okutunga diguri ye eya BA honours omu Rungyereza omuri 1957.<ref name=":2" /> Omu 1957, akatandika kuhandiika emizaano ye ey'okubanza, ''Swamp Dwellers'' na ''The Lion and the Jewel''. Soyinka akaza London kandi yaakora nk'omushomi w'emizaano aha Royal Court Theatre. Akebembera ekibiina kya Nigerian Drama Group ekyakozire The Swamp Dwellers omuri 1958. Omu bwire obwo, emizaano ye ebiri ekazaanwa omuri Ibadan, Nigeria. Omuri 1957, omuzaano gwe, The Invention, gukashohozibwa aha Royal Court Theatre omuri London, kandi gukaba guri omurimo gwe gw'okubanza aha.<ref>"Wole Soyinka". ''African Biography''. Detroit, MI: Gale (published 2 December 2006). 1999. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-2823-9|978-0-7876-2823-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akahandiika ebyevugo, otwariiremu "''The Immigrant''" hamwe na "''My Next Door Neighbour''", ebyareebekire omuri Black Orpheus. Omuri 1959, Soyinka akagaruka Nigeria bwanyima y'okutunga obuhwezi bwa Rockefeller Research Fellowship ahabw'okucondooza kwe aha by'emizaano ya Afirika. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe omwaka nigwo gumwe, akaza omu mwanya gwa Janheinz Jahn nk'omwe ahabahandiiki babiri bakuru ba Black Orpheus.<ref>Jacobs, Alan. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/trials-brother-jero The Trials Of Brother Jero]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu 1960, akamara omuzaano gwe ogwa reediyo Camwood on the Leaves, kandi n'omuzaano gwe ''The Trials of Brother Jero'' gukatongozibwa omu Mellanby Hall residence of University College Ibadan omu Kwakana 1960. Akakora ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Mask omu myaka ya 1960. Omuzaano gwe ogwa A Dance of The Forest, gukatongozibwa nk'omuzaano gw'eizooba ry'okwetegyeka kwa Nigeria, kandi ebiro 1 Okwaikumi 1960, gukatongozibwa omuri Lagos.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[[:en:BlackPast.org|Wole Soyinka (1934- )". ''BlackPast.org'']]. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Omuzaano gwa Soyinka ogw'okubanza ogurikwetwa My Father's Burden, gukaba nigwebemberwa Olusegun Olusola kandi gukaba nigworekwa aha Western Nigeria Television ebiro 6 Okwamunaana 1960.<ref>Uzoatu, Uzor Maxim (5 October 2013). "[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/146108-essential-soyinka-timeline-uzor-maxim-uzoatu.html The Essential Soyinka Timeline]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref> Omu 1962, Soyinka akahandiika ebihandiiko birikurwanirira okushoma n'okuhandiika omuri Nigeria omu bwire obwo otwariiremu "Death of the King's Horsemen" hamwe na "Towards a True Theater", ebyashohoziibwe omu Transition Magazine.<ref>Amayi, Zakayo (22 June 2013). "[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/standard-entertainment/article/2000086475/soyinkas-grumpy-battles-to-defend-literary-legacy Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's grumpy battles to defend literary legacy]". Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa aha Obafemi Awolowo University omuri Ifẹ. Omu 1963, firimu ye y'okubanza, Culture in Transition, ekashohozibwa. Soyinka akarekura omurimo gwe aha Yunivasite omuri 1964, nk'okwesharinga ahabw'emitwarize y'okushagika gavumenti eyateirweho ab'obushoborozi. Akagira ngu ab'obushoborozi omu yunivasite bakakwatanisa eitendekyero n'obutegyeki bwa Samuel Ladoke Akintola obwabaire butarikukundwa. Omu bwire obwo, akakora The Lion and the Jewel<ref>"[https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/critical-responses-to-african-theatre-wole-soyinkas-the-lion-and-the-jewel-by-professor-martin-banham/ Critical Responses to African Theatre: Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel by Professor Martin Banham | Black Plays Archive]". ''www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> omu siizoni y'emizaano omu Rungyereza na Yoruba hamwe n'okutandikaho The Orisun Theatre Company, guruupu ya theatre. Omu 1965, akakora omuzaano gwa gurikujumirira emitwarize mibi omungyeru erikushestya, ''Before the Blackout''.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/african-theatre-soyinka/ Review of African Theatre Soyinka: Blackout, Blowout and Beyond | Centre for African Studies (LUCAS)]". ''lucas.leeds.ac.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuzano gwe, Kongi's Harvest, gukatandika omu Kwamunaana omuri Lagos. Ebiro 14 September 1965, omuzaano gwe The Road gukatandika kworekwa omuri London aha Commonwealth Arts Festival hamwe na Theatre Royal Stratford East. Soyinka akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa mukuru aha Yunivasite ya Lagos. Juba, ekitabo kye ekisya The Interpreters kikashohozibwa André Deutsch omuri London. Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akakomwa omurundi gw'okubanza, yaajunaanwa okukwata reediyo aha mbundu akahindura akatambi k'ebigambo by'enganzi y'ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba n'akatambi akarikujunaana okwiba akaruuru. Akarekurwa bwanyima y'ameezi agamwe g'okukomwa ahabw'okwesharinga kw'abantu b'ensi yoona abahandiiki. Akahandiika n'ekitabo The Detainee, omuzaano gwa reediyo ogwashohozibwe BBC omuri London.<ref>Ezugwu, Obinna (19 July 2021). "[https://hallmarknews.com/salute-to-kongi-at-87/ Salute To Kongi At 87]". ''hallmarknews.com''. Retrieved 13 August 2022.</ref> === 1966–1968: Orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria === Bwanyima y'okuba Mukuru w'ekibiina ky'emizaano aha Yunivasite ya Ibadan, Soyinka akatandika kwejumba omu by'obutegyeki. Bwanyima y'amahe okuhamba obutegyeki omu kwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1966, akabugana omu kihama Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, gavana w'amahe ow'amashuuma g'oburugwa izooba bwa Nigeria omu kugyezaho okuzibira orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria.<ref>"[https://howng.com/professor-wole-soyinka-full-biographylife-and-news/ Professor Wole Soyinka Full Biography, Life And News]". ''howng.com''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Akaza n'omuri Ẹnugu, ahu yabugaine mugyenzi we Omuyoruba, Victor Banjọ, orikukora na gavumenti ya Biafra. Soyinka, owaashabire obushagiki bw'abeebembezi b'amahe omu kicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, akahitsya obutumwa bwa Banjo ahari Lieutenant Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo, owaabaire atoorainwe nk'omuduumizi w'amahe g'omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba. Omumwebazyo gw'akana, Soyinka agarukire omu mahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, amahe ga Biafra gakatahirira ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Bwanyima y'okutwara oburengyerwa-izooba, Soyinka akabugana Obasanjo kumugambira ekigyendererwa ky'Ababiafra ahabwokuba Obasanjo akaba yaacwiremu kwegaita aha gavumenti ya Nigeria. Kwonka okutahirira kwa Biafra ahagati yóburegyerwa eizooba kikarugamu okuhoorera okwakozirwe amahe ga gavumenti eya federo, kandi orutaro rw'omunda rukatandika. Obasanjo akashoboorora gavumenti ya Nigeria orukiiko rwe na Soyinka, yarangirira Soyinka nk'omuheekyera, n'ahabw'ekyo akakwatwa ab'obushoborozi bwa federo kandi yaakomwa kumara emyezi 22.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/07/27/wole.soyinka/index.html Wole Soyinka: Nigeria's Nobel Laureate]". ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. 1 August 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2026.</ref> Akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi n'byevugo arikujuumirira gavumenti ya Nigeria obu yaabaire ari omu kihome.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (2006), ''You Must Set Forth at Dawn'', p. 6.</ref> Omu kutandika kwa 1967, ebihandiiko bye Kongi’s Harvest na Idanre and Other Poems bikashohozibwa.<ref>"[https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/engp06/chapter/wole-soyinka-kongis-harvest/ Wole Soyinka, Kongi's Harvest – African & Caribbean Writing in English]". ''ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Ari na Tom Stoppard, akatunga ekirabo kya John Whiting omuri London. Akatooranwa kuba mukuru w'eishomero rya Drama, Yunivasite ya Ibadan kwonka akaremwa kutwara entebe egyo ahabw'okubohwa omu kwezi kwa munaana. N'obu araabe yaabaire ari omu kihome, omuzaano gwe ogurikwetwa The Lion and The Jewel gukagumizamu gwashohozibwa omuri Accra, Ghana omu Kwamwenda 1967. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Strong Breed bikashohozibwa aba Off-Broadway omu Greenwich Mews Theatre omuri New York City. Omuri 1968, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Jock Campbell-New Statesman Award. Ekibiina kya Negro Ensemble Company kikashohoza Kongi's Harvest aha St. Mark's Theatre, New York.<ref>"[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,838330,00.html Theater: Kongi's Harvest]". ''Time''. 26 April 1968. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X 0040-781X]. Retrieved 7 May 2022.</ref> Akavunuura D. O. Fagunwa's Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irunmale kuruga omu rurimi rwa Yoruba kuza omu Rungyereza. Kikashohozibwa nka The Forest of a Thousand Demons: A Hunter's Saga. === Okurekurwa n'okushohoza ebitabo. === Omu Okwaikumi 1969, emyezi mikye erikuburayo orutaro rw'omunda rukahwa, okusaasira kukarangirirwa, Soyinka hamwe n'abandi basibe b'eby'obutegyeki barekurwa.<ref>PEN America (16 April 2012). "[https://pen.org/case-histories-wole-soyinka/ Case Histories: Wole Soyinka]". ''PEN America''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omu myezi mikye y'okubanza bwanyima y'okurekurwa kwe, Soyinka akaguma aha faamu ya munywani we omu mashuuma ga Bufaransa, ahu yaasherwire kuhuumuraho wenka. Akahandiika The Bacchae of Euripides (1969), ekihandiiko kihindwiremu kushushana enfumu ya Pentheus.<ref name=":3">Killam and Rowe (eds), ''The Companion to African Literature'' (2000), p. 276.</ref> Kandi akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebyevugo omuri London, kikwetwa Poems from Prison. Aha muheru gw'omwaka, akagaruka omu ofiisi ye nk'orikukurira eby'emizaano omuri Ibadan.<ref name=":5">"[https://dailytrust.com/things-to-know-about-prof-wole-soyinka-at-89/ Things To Know About Prof Wole Soyinka At 89]". ''[[:en:Daily_Trust|Daily Trust]]''. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omu 1970, akashohoza omuzaano Kongi's Harvest, kandi omu bwire bumwe akaguhindura nk'omuzaano gwa firimu gw'eiziina niryo rimwe, Kongi's Harvest. Omu Kwamukaaga 1970, akamara omuzaano ogundi, ogurikwetwa Madmen and Specialists.<ref>Ajeluorou, Anote (25 July 2015). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/periscoping-a-senseless-war-in-madmen-and-specialists/ Periscoping A Senseless War In Madmen And Specialists]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</ref> Arikukoragana n'ekibiina ky'abazaani 15 ba Ibadan University Theatre Art Company, akagyenda United States, kureeba Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center omuri Waterford, Connecticut, ahu omuzaano gwe oguyabaire ahererukurieyo kuhandiika gwayorekirwe omurundi gwokubanza.[citation needed] Omu 1971, ekitabo kye ky'ebyevugo ekya A Shuttle in the Crypt kikashohozibwa. Madmen and Specialists kikashohozibwa omuri Ibadan omwaka ogwo.<ref>Lee, Christopher J. (25 March 2020). "[http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/reading-wole-soyinka-s-madmen-and-specialists-time-pandemic Reading Wole Soyinka's 'Madmen and Specialists' in a Time of Pandemic]". ''Warscapes''.</ref> Omu Kwakana 1971, ahabw'okwerarikirira aha mbeera y'eby'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria, Soyinka akarekura emirimo ye aha Yunivasite omuri Ibadan, kandi yaatandika emyaka mingi ayetwaire omubuzaahe. kuza omu buzaahe.<ref name=":6">Adegbamigbe, Ademola (13 July 2019). "[https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/07/13/soyinka-at-85-why-i-detained-him-for-2-years-during-civil-war-yakubu-gowon/ Soyinka at 85: 'Why I Detained Him for 2 Years During the Civil War' - Yakubu Gowon]". ''The NEWS''. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</ref> Soyinka akagyenda omuri Paris, Bufaransa, kutwara omurimo gw'okuzaana nka Patrice Lumumba, mukuru w'eihanga w'okubanza rya Repubulika ya Kongo owaisirwe, omu muzaano ogwashohozibwe Joan Littlewood omu kwakataano 1971 ogurikwetwa Murderous Angels, omuzaano gwa Conor Cruise O'Brien ogwabaire nigukwata aha buremeezi bwa Kongo.<ref name=":4">Gibbs, James. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/soyinka-wole-13-july-1934 Soyinka, Wole 1934–]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 September 2021. (Updated by [[:en:Tanure_Ojaide|Tanure Ojaide]].)</ref><ref>[[:en:Biodun_Jeyifo|Jeyifo, Biodun]] (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nwhlgrVqvYkC&q=%22Murderous+Angels%22%3D&pg=PR27 Chronology]". ''Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, and Postcolonialism''. Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;xxvii. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139439084|9781139439084]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri Paris, ebicweka kuruga omu muzaano gwa Soyinka ogurikumanywa munonga The Dance of The Forests bikazaanwa.<ref>Adenekan, Sulaiman (2016). "[https://www.tradenewswire.net/the-pride-of-africa-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-clocks-85-years-serving-humanity-poetically/ The Pride of Africa: Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka clocks 85 years serving humanity poeticall]y". ''Trade Newswire''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Omu 1972, ekitabo kye Season of Anomy hamwe na Collected Plays byona bikashohozibwa Oxford University Press. Ekihandiiko kye ky'ebirikumukwataho ekya The Man Died, ekirikurundaana ebi yaahandiikire omu kihome, nakyo kikashohozibwa omwaka ogwo.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/biographical/ Wole Soyinka | Biographical]", The Nobel Prize, 1986.</ref> Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Honoris Causa doctorate kuruga omu Yunivasite ya Leeds omuri 1973.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/honorary-degree/ Honorary Degree]", Leeds ''African Studies Bulletin'' 19 (November 1973), pp. 1–2. [Professor Soyinka receiving the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from the Chancellor, HRH the Duchess of Kent, on Thursday 17 May 1973 – image from 'Nobel Prize for Leeds Graduate', ''The Reporter'' (the University of Leeds), 258, 24 October 1986.]</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, National Theatre, London, ekashaba kandi yaatongoza omuzaano The Bacchae of Euripides,<ref name=":3" /> kandi emizaano ye Camwood on the Leaves na Jero's Metamorphosis nayo ekaba eri ey'okubanza kushohozibwa. Akamara omwaka gumwe nk'omugyenyi aha Churchill College, Cambridge<ref>Gumbel, Andrew (3 November 2005). "[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/03/theatre3 Wole Soyinka on how he came to write Death and the King's Horseman]". ''The Guardian''.</ref> (1973–74)<ref name=":4" /> kandi yaahandiika Death and the King's Horseman, ekyashomirwe omurundi gw'okubanza aha Churchill College.<ref name=":5" /> Omu 1974, Oxford University Press ekashohoza Soyinka's Collected Plays, Volume II. Akateeraho hamwe ekitabo kya 1975 Poems of Black Africa, ekyashohoziibwe nka kimwe ahakicweka kya Heinemann African Writers Series.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JtqywAEACAAJ Poems of Black Africa]'', Heinemann African Writers Series, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]. <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780435901714|9780435901714]]</bdi>.</ref> Kandi omuri 1975, Soyinka akakuzibwa yaaza aha ntebe y'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka Transition Magazine, akaabaire nikashangwa omu kibuga ekikuru ekya Ghana ekya Accra, ahu yaafurukiire.<ref name=":6" /> Akakoresa ebihandiiko bye omu magaziini kujumirira abo abarikusaasibwa munonga abairaguju (nk'eky'okureeberaho, ekicweka kye "Neo-Tarzanism: Eby'obutegyeki obwa Pseudo-Transition) hamwe n'obutegyeki bw'amahe. Akeesharinga ahabw'obutegyeki bw'amahe obwa Idi Amin omu Uganda. Bwanyima y'empindahinduka omu by'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria hamwe n'okuhenda gavumenti y'amahe eya Gowon omuri 1975, Soyinka akagaruka omu ihanga rye kandi yaagaruka omu mwanya gwe nka mukuru w'okugyeragyeranisa ebyahandiikirwe. omu Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref name=":6" /> === Okushomesa === Kuruga 1975 kuhisya 1999, Soyinka akaheereza nka Purofeesa w'ebitabo ebirikugyeragyeranisibwa aha Obafemi Awolowo University.<ref>Odinaka (31 July 2018). "[https://www.tori.ng/news/102835/the-house-prof-soyinka-lived-in-during-oau-days-tu.html The House Prof. Soyinka Lived In During OAU Days, Turned Into A Campus Museum (Photos)]". ''Tori.ng''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Amerika, akeegyesa aha Cornell University nk'omuhangu wa Goldwin Smith omu kwega aha Afirika hamwe n'eby'emizaano kuruga 1988 kuhisya 1991. Aha Yunivasite ya Emory, akatooranwa nka Robert W. Woodruff Purofeesa w'eby'emikono omuri 1996 kandi atwire ari Purofeesa w'okuhandiika omu Yunivasite ya Nevada, Las Vegas. Soyinka akaheereza scholar-in-residence omu Institute of African American Affairs eya New York University hamwe na Loyola Marymount University omuri Los Angeles, California. Akegyesa n'aha Yunivasite za Cambridge, Oxford, Harvard na Yale. Akaba ari omwegi w'amaani omu kutuura aha Yunivasite ya Duke omuri 2008.<ref>"[https://alumni.duke.edu/magazine/articles/soyinka-stage Soyinka on Stage | Nobel laureate works with student production of his play]". ''Duke Magazine''. No.&#x20;January–February 2011. 31 January 2011. Retrieved 18 April 2021.</ref> Omu Kwaikumi na kubiri 2017, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Europe Theatre Prize omu kicweka kya "Special Prize" category,<ref>Ajibade, Kunle (12 December 2017). "[https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2017/12/12/wole-soyinka-wins-europe-theatre-prize/ Wole Soyinka Wins The Europe Theatre Prize]". ''[[:en:P.M._News|P.M. News]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref><ref>"[https://www.concisenews.global/news/soyinka-wins-2017-the-europe-theatre-prize/ Soyinka Wins 2017 Europe Theatre Prize]". ''Concise News''. 15 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> ekyahairwe omuntu owaabaire "aine ekyayongyeireho omu kuhikiiriza emikoro y'eby'obuhangwa erikureetaho okwetegyereza n'okubagana amagyezi ahagati y'abantu".<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20171225034855/http://www.jamesmurua.com/wole-soyinka-to-receive-europe-theatre-prize-2017/ Wole Soyinka to receive Europe Theatre Prize 2017]". ''James Murua's Literature Blog''. 14 December 2017. Archived from the original on 25 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> Ebiro 1 September 2022, Soyinka akatwara entebe y'okuba Purofeesa w'eby'emizaano aha New York University Abu Dhabi.<ref>"[https://www.wam.ae/en/article/hszrfcet-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-joins-nyu-abu-dhabi Nobel laureate Wole Soyinka joins NYU Abu Dhabi faculty]". Emirates News Agency-WAM. 23 August 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref><ref>"[https://nyuad.nyu.edu/en/academics/divisions/arts-and-humanities/faculty/wole-soyinka.html Wole Soyinka | Arts Professor of Theater]". ''nyuad.nyu.edu''. New York University Abu Dhabi. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref> Omu 1976, akashohoza ekitabo kye ky'ebitebyo Ogun Abibiman, hamwe n'ekitabo ky'ebihandiiko ekiine omutwe Myth, Literature and the African World.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/facts/ The Nobel Prize in Literature 1986]". ''NobelPrize.org''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omuri ebi, Soyinka naashwijuma oburugo bw'oburagwa omu katemba ka Afirika kandi, arikukoresa eby'okureeberaho kuruga omuri Buraaya na Afirika, naagyeragyeranisa kandi akashoboorora eby'obuhangwa. Akaha orubazo rw'omutaano aha itendekyero ry'okushwijuma Afirika aha Yunivasite ya Ghana omuri Legon. Omu Okwaikumi 1976, envunuura ya Bufaransa eya The Dance of The Forests<ref>"[https://abjournals.org/ajchrt/papers/volume-8/issue-1/ghost-dirge-and-the-forest-dance-in-soyinkas-metathysical-play-a-dance-of-the-forests/ Ghost, Dirge and the Forest Dance in Soyinka's Metaphysical Play "A Dance of the Forests]". ''African Journal of Culture, History, Religion and Traditions (AJCHRT)''. 24 November 2024. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> ekazaanwa omuri Dakar. Omu 1977, Opera Wọnyọsi, okuhindura kwe okw'omuzzano gwa Bertolt Brecht, T''he Threepenny Opera'', gukazaanira omuri Ibadan. Omu 1979, Soyinka akebembera kandi yazaana omu muzaano gwa Jon Blair na Norman Fenton ogurikwetwa The Biko Inquest, omzaano ogurikwegamira aha magara ga Steve Biko, omwegi wa South Africa kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe bw'abantu owaateirwe akafa ahabwa pooriisi y'omuri South Africa eyabaire neekuratira engyenderwaho y'okushoroora omu bantu.<ref name=":4" /> Omu 1981 Soyinka akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebirikumukwataho Aké: The Years of Childhood, ekyasingire ekirabo kya 1983 Anisfield-Wolf Book Award.<ref>"[https://www.anisfield-wolf.org/winners/ake-the-years-of-childhood/ Winners: 1983 Nonfiction – Ake]". ''Anisfield-Wolf Book Awards''. Retrieved 9 April 2021.</ref> Soyinka akagumizamu yaatandikaho ekibiina ekindi eky'emizaano, ekya Guerrilla Unit, ekyasherwire kwejumba butunu n'abantu b'omubyaro. Ekigyendererwa kyayo kikaba kiri okubahwera kuteekateeka aha buremeezi bwabo n'okuha eiraka okwetomboitwa kwabo kurabira omu kukora emizaano migufu. Omu 1983, omuzaano gwe Requiem for a Futurologist gukaba guri omuzaano gwagwo gw'okubanza aha Yunivasite ya Ife. Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omwaka ogwo, emwe aha purogyekiti ze z'ebyeshongoro, ekitongore kya Unlimited Liability Company, kikashohoza akatambi k'okweshongora akarikwetwa I Love My Country, ahu abeeshongozi ba Nigeria abarikumanywa baazaaniire ebyeshongoro ebyahandiikirwe Soyinka. Omu 1984, akakora firimu Blues for a Prodigal, eyayorekirwe aha Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref>Gibbs, James (1985). "[https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/03064228508533902 Wole Soyinka's film banned]". ''[[:en:Index_on_Censorship|Index on Censorship]]''. '''14''' (3): 41. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1080/03064228508533902|10.1080/03064228508533902]]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:220929276 220929276] &#x2013; via [[:en:SAGE_Publishing|SAGE Publishing]].</ref> A Play of Giants ekorekwa omwaka nigwo gumwe.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (1984). ''[https://books.google.com.ng/books/about/A_Play_of_Giants.html?id=H3NuQgAACAAJ&redir_esc=y A Play of Giants]''. Methuen. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-413-55290-7|978-0-413-55290-7]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu myaka 1975–84, Soyinka akaba aine amaani omu by'obutegyeki. Aha Yunivasite ya Ife, emirimo ye y'obwebembezi ekaba erimu eby'okwerinda enguuto za gavumenti. Akajumirira obushomankuzi omu gavumenti ya purezidenti Shehu Shagari owaabaire atoorainwe abantu. Shagari ku yaahindwirwe omukuru w'amahe Muhammadu Buhari, Soyinka akaba ari aha rubaju rubi rw'amahe. Omu 1984, kooti emwe omuri Nigeria ekazibira ekitabo kye ekya 1972 The Man Died: Prison Notes.<ref>Gibbs (1986). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=xkJdDwAAQBAJ&q=%22the+man+died%22+soyinka+banned+1984&pg=PA17 Wole Soyinka]''. Macmillan. pp.&#x20;16–17. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781349182091|9781349182091]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu 1985, omuzaano gwe Requiem for a Futurologist gukashohozibwa omuri aba Rex Collings omuri London.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (1985). ''[https://catalogue.nla.gov.au/Record/106708/Details? Requiem for a futurologist]''. London: Rex Collings. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-86036-207-4|978-0-86036-207-4]]</bdi>.</ref> === 1986: Okuhangura ekirabo kya Nobel Prize === Soyinka akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel Prize for Literature omuri 1986,<ref>"[http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/1986/soyinka.html The Nobel Prize in Literature 1986 | Wole Soyinka]", Nobelprize.org, 23 August 2010.</ref>[61] yaahinduka Omufirika w'okubanza kuhangura ekirabo ekyo. == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == t7lyjn9ogn1twwffbp4qc4ky8ti0jw9 7256412 7256411 2026-07-20T10:11:24Z Rooth N 2608660 7256412 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wp/nyn]] '''Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola] 2021, p.&#x20;34.</ref>''', a'''kazaarwa 13 Okwamushanju 1934) n'omuhandiiki Omunigeria, w'emizaano, kandi omuhandiiki w'ebitabo. Akahandiika ebitabo bishatu, by'ebitabo by'emigane mikye eikumi, ebitabo mushanju by'ebyevugo, ebitabo by'emizaano abiri na bitaano, hamwe n'ebitabo bitaano by'ebirikumukwataho.<ref name=":2">Gibbs, James (1986). ''Wole Soyinka''. Basingstoke: [[:en:Macmillan_Publishers|Macmillan]]. p.&#x20;3. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780333305287|9780333305287]]</bdi>.</ref> Ahandiikire ebitabo bibiri ebivunwirwe hamwe n'ebicweka bingi hamwe n'ebitebyo bikye bikye by'okuhandiikisa empapura z'amakuru hamwe n'ebitabo by'obwire bukye. Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel eky'omwaka 1986 omu by'obuhangwa ahabw'okugira ngu akaba naashwijuma "ebintu bingi ebirikukwata aha buhangwa hamwe n'orurimi rw'okwevuga ahabirikukwata aha kubaho kw'abantu".<ref>Abdullahi, Idowu (11 October 2024). "[https://punchng.com/nobel-laureate-award-exposed-me-to-danger-wole-soyinka/ Nobel Laureate award exposed me to danger]". ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Akazaarwa omu ka y'Abakurisitaayo Abayoruba omuri Aké, Abeokuta.<ref>"[https://dawncommission.org/professor-wole-soyinka/ Professor Wole Soyinka – DAWN Commission]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref><ref name=":0">"[https://wolesoyinkalecture.org/about-wole-soyinka-2/ About Wole Soyinka]". ''Wole Soyinka Lecture Series''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Soyinka akatunga obwegyese obw'okumutebeekanisa aha Government College, Ibadan kandi yaagyenda aha University College Ibadan. Omu bwire bw'obwegyese bwe, akatandikaho ekibiina kya Pyrate Confraternity.<ref name=":0" /> Soyinka akaruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza kwega aha Yunivasite ya Leeds. Omu bwire obwo, niwe yaabaire ari omuhandiiki w'akatabo ka yunivasite, The Eagle, atakabaire muhandiiki ow'obutwire omu myaka ya 1950.<ref>"[https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/wole-soyinka/ Wole Soyinka – Narrative Landscape Press]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Bungyereza, akatandika kuhandiika ebitebyo bigufu n'okukora ebihandiiko aha BBC Lecture series. Akahandiika emizaano mingi eyazaanairwe aha reediyo hamwe n'omu myanya y'emizaano omuri Nigeria hamwe na Bungyereza, okukira munonga Royal Court Theatre.<ref>"[https://livingarchive.royalcourttheatre.com/black-plays-1960s/ Black Plays 1960s]". ''Royal Court - Living Archive''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Ebitabo bya Soyinka bingi hamwe n'emizaano ye, nibiteebwaho omuri Nigeria, ekirikworeka ebyafaayo by'eihanga eryo, eby'obuhangwa, hamwe n'oburemeezi bw'eby'obutegyeki. Oyihireho emirimo egi, akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi ebirikujumiirira emitwarize mibi y'abantu omungyeri erikushetsya. Ebihandiiko ebi bikajanjaara omu bantu baingi kandi byakundwa munonga. Atungire obusinguzi n'emizaano ye, otwariiremu The Swamp Dwellers (1958), The Lion and the Jewel (1959), na The Invention (1957), omuzaano gumwe ahayabandize, ogwakoriirwe aha Royal Court Theatre. Soyinka ahandiikire ebitabo bingi, otwariiremu The Interpreters (1965), Season of Anomy (1973), Death and the King's Horseman, Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth (2021), na Harmattan Haze on an African Spring (2012). Omu Kwamushanju 2024, Bola Tinubu akahindura eiziina ry'ekishengye ky'emizaano ekya National Arts Theatre ahanyima ya Soyinka aha mazaarwa ge ag'emyaka 90. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Soyinka akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju 1934 omuri Ake, Abeokuta, Nigeria omu ka y'Abakristaayo ey'obuzaare bw'Abayoruba. Akaba ari owa kabiri omu baana mushanju[a] ba Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, omuheereza w'Abakuristayo kandi mukuru w'eishomero kuruga omu ruganda rw'obugabe orwa Isara-Remo[<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1988 Gibbs 1988], pp.&#x20;526.</ref> hamwe na Grace Soyinka (née Jenkins-Harrison), omushubuuzi kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe kuruga omu ruganda rwa Ransome-Kuti.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFMaduakor1986 Maduakor 1986], pp.&#x20;227.</ref> Nyina Grace hamwe n'ab'eka ye, aba Ransome-Kutis, bakaba bari ab'eka y'amaani omuri Nigeria<ref>Staff writer (9 May 2014). "[https://businessday.ng/family-and-relationships/article/great-dynasties-the-ransome-kutis/ Great Dynasties:The Ransome-Kutis]". ''[[:en:BusinessDay_(Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> abarikugambwaho nk'ekigarukwamu kya Nigeria aha ka ya Kennedy omuri United States. Owaabatandikireho, omusesorodooti w'Abakuristaayo J. J. Ransome-Kuti, akaba ari omuntu w'okubanza omu ihanga rye omu by'okushohoza ebyeshongoro omu myaka ya 1920.<ref>Sansom, Ian. "[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/11/fela-kuti-great-dynasties-ian-sansom Great Dynasties: The Ransome-Kutis]". ''theguardian.com''. Retrieved 17 January 2026.</ref> Kuruga 1940 kuhistya 1946, Soyinka akaba naashoma aha St. Peters Primary School, ahu ishe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eishomero.<ref>"[https://guardian.ng/art/genius-of-the-unconventional-and-the-patterning-of-dualities-wole-soyinkas-early-childhood-part-3/ Genius of the unconventional and the patterning of dualities: Wole Soyinka's early childhood]". ''T[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|he Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akashomera siniya ye Abeokuta Grammar School kandi okushoma kwe okw'okweteekateekyera Yunivasite aha Government College, Ibadan kuruga 1946 kuhisya 1951.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/soyinka-wole-1934/ Wole Soyinka (1934- )]". ''[[:en:BlackPast.org|BlackPast.org]]''. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akaheebwa omwanya omu University College Ibadan, ahu yaashomire ebyahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza, Orugriika, hamwe n'ebyafaayo by'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kuruga 1952 kuhisya 1954.<ref name=":1">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola 2021], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Omu myaka ye y'ahamuheru omu yunivasite, akahandiika omuzaano mugufu aha reediyo, Keffi's Birthday Treat, ogwashohwire omu Kwamushanju 1954 kuruga omu kitongore kya Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1980 Gibbs 1980], p.&#x20;21.</ref> Hamwe n'abeegi bagyenzi be otwariiremu Olumuyiwa Awẹ, Ralph Opara, Aig-Imoukhuede, na Pius Olegbe, akatandikaho ekibiina ekirikwetwa National Association of Seadogs, ekibiina ky'okubanza omuri Nigeria.<ref name=":1" /> Soyinka akafuruka kuruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza omuri 1954 kugumizamu n'emishomo ye omu byahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza aha Yunivasite ya Leeds arikureebererwa G. Wilson Knight.<ref>''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFEncyclopedia_Britannica2024 Encyclopedia Britannica]'' 2024.</ref> Okusharamu kw'okushoma aheeru y'eihanga omu bwire obwo obu okushoma diguri ya kabiri kyabaire kitarikubaho omuri Ibadan kikaba kiri kurabira omuri Joyce M. Green, omukazi Omungyereza owaizire omu University College, Ibadan kuruga Cambridge omuri 1950, kandi owaabaire ari omwe aha beegyesa ba Soyinka kandi owaabaire amuhaire ekihandiiko kirungi eky'okumugambaho omuri Leeds.<ref>Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi (28 July 2019). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/soyinkas-early-romance-with-england-1954-1959-a-cold-chapter-for-an-anti-form-rebel-part-1/ Soyinka's early romance with England 1954-1959: A cold chapter for an anti-form rebel]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 8 January 2026.</ref> Aha yunivasite ya Leeds, akaheereza nk'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka yunivasite akarikushetsya, The Eagle, omuri ako yaahandiika ekicweka aha magara g'eby'okushoma. Omu Kwamunaana 1955, akatandika kukwata ebyeshongoro aha BBC Lecture kandi yaahandiika ebitebyo bigufu nyingi. Omuri 1957, akasingura empaka z'okugamba ezirikubaho buri mwaka ezirikuteebwaho Yunivasite.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFLindfors1974 Lindfors 1974], pp.&#x20;471–486.</ref> == Emirimo == === 1957–1967: Omurimo gwe gw'okubanza === Soyinka akaguma omuri Leeds bwanyima y'okutunga diguri ye eya BA honours omu Rungyereza omuri 1957.<ref name=":2" /> Omu 1957, akatandika kuhandiika emizaano ye ey'okubanza, ''Swamp Dwellers'' na ''The Lion and the Jewel''. Soyinka akaza London kandi yaakora nk'omushomi w'emizaano aha Royal Court Theatre. Akebembera ekibiina kya Nigerian Drama Group ekyakozire The Swamp Dwellers omuri 1958. Omu bwire obwo, emizaano ye ebiri ekazaanwa omuri Ibadan, Nigeria. Omuri 1957, omuzaano gwe, The Invention, gukashohozibwa aha Royal Court Theatre omuri London, kandi gukaba guri omurimo gwe gw'okubanza aha.<ref>"Wole Soyinka". ''African Biography''. Detroit, MI: Gale (published 2 December 2006). 1999. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-2823-9|978-0-7876-2823-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akahandiika ebyevugo, otwariiremu "''The Immigrant''" hamwe na "''My Next Door Neighbour''", ebyareebekire omuri Black Orpheus. Omuri 1959, Soyinka akagaruka Nigeria bwanyima y'okutunga obuhwezi bwa Rockefeller Research Fellowship ahabw'okucondooza kwe aha by'emizaano ya Afirika. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe omwaka nigwo gumwe, akaza omu mwanya gwa Janheinz Jahn nk'omwe ahabahandiiki babiri bakuru ba Black Orpheus.<ref>Jacobs, Alan. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/trials-brother-jero The Trials Of Brother Jero]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu 1960, akamara omuzaano gwe ogwa reediyo Camwood on the Leaves, kandi n'omuzaano gwe ''The Trials of Brother Jero'' gukatongozibwa omu Mellanby Hall residence of University College Ibadan omu Kwakana 1960. Akakora ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Mask omu myaka ya 1960. Omuzaano gwe ogwa A Dance of The Forest, gukatongozibwa nk'omuzaano gw'eizooba ry'okwetegyeka kwa Nigeria, kandi ebiro 1 Okwaikumi 1960, gukatongozibwa omuri Lagos.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[[:en:BlackPast.org|Wole Soyinka (1934- )". ''BlackPast.org'']]. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Omuzaano gwa Soyinka ogw'okubanza ogurikwetwa My Father's Burden, gukaba nigwebemberwa Olusegun Olusola kandi gukaba nigworekwa aha Western Nigeria Television ebiro 6 Okwamunaana 1960.<ref>Uzoatu, Uzor Maxim (5 October 2013). "[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/146108-essential-soyinka-timeline-uzor-maxim-uzoatu.html The Essential Soyinka Timeline]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref> Omu 1962, Soyinka akahandiika ebihandiiko birikurwanirira okushoma n'okuhandiika omuri Nigeria omu bwire obwo otwariiremu "Death of the King's Horsemen" hamwe na "Towards a True Theater", ebyashohoziibwe omu Transition Magazine.<ref>Amayi, Zakayo (22 June 2013). "[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/standard-entertainment/article/2000086475/soyinkas-grumpy-battles-to-defend-literary-legacy Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's grumpy battles to defend literary legacy]". Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa aha Obafemi Awolowo University omuri Ifẹ. Omu 1963, firimu ye y'okubanza, Culture in Transition, ekashohozibwa. Soyinka akarekura omurimo gwe aha Yunivasite omuri 1964, nk'okwesharinga ahabw'emitwarize y'okushagika gavumenti eyateirweho ab'obushoborozi. Akagira ngu ab'obushoborozi omu yunivasite bakakwatanisa eitendekyero n'obutegyeki bwa Samuel Ladoke Akintola obwabaire butarikukundwa. Omu bwire obwo, akakora The Lion and the Jewel<ref>"[https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/critical-responses-to-african-theatre-wole-soyinkas-the-lion-and-the-jewel-by-professor-martin-banham/ Critical Responses to African Theatre: Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel by Professor Martin Banham | Black Plays Archive]". ''www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> omu siizoni y'emizaano omu Rungyereza na Yoruba hamwe n'okutandikaho The Orisun Theatre Company, guruupu ya theatre. Omu 1965, akakora omuzaano gwa gurikujumirira emitwarize mibi omungyeru erikushestya, ''Before the Blackout''.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/african-theatre-soyinka/ Review of African Theatre Soyinka: Blackout, Blowout and Beyond | Centre for African Studies (LUCAS)]". ''lucas.leeds.ac.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuzano gwe, Kongi's Harvest, gukatandika omu Kwamunaana omuri Lagos. Ebiro 14 September 1965, omuzaano gwe The Road gukatandika kworekwa omuri London aha Commonwealth Arts Festival hamwe na Theatre Royal Stratford East. Soyinka akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa mukuru aha Yunivasite ya Lagos. Juba, ekitabo kye ekisya The Interpreters kikashohozibwa André Deutsch omuri London. Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akakomwa omurundi gw'okubanza, yaajunaanwa okukwata reediyo aha mbundu akahindura akatambi k'ebigambo by'enganzi y'ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba n'akatambi akarikujunaana okwiba akaruuru. Akarekurwa bwanyima y'ameezi agamwe g'okukomwa ahabw'okwesharinga kw'abantu b'ensi yoona abahandiiki. Akahandiika n'ekitabo The Detainee, omuzaano gwa reediyo ogwashohozibwe BBC omuri London.<ref>Ezugwu, Obinna (19 July 2021). "[https://hallmarknews.com/salute-to-kongi-at-87/ Salute To Kongi At 87]". ''hallmarknews.com''. Retrieved 13 August 2022.</ref> === 1966–1968: Orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria === Bwanyima y'okuba Mukuru w'ekibiina ky'emizaano aha Yunivasite ya Ibadan, Soyinka akatandika kwejumba omu by'obutegyeki. Bwanyima y'amahe okuhamba obutegyeki omu kwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1966, akabugana omu kihama Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, gavana w'amahe ow'amashuuma g'oburugwa izooba bwa Nigeria omu kugyezaho okuzibira orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria.<ref>"[https://howng.com/professor-wole-soyinka-full-biographylife-and-news/ Professor Wole Soyinka Full Biography, Life And News]". ''howng.com''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Akaza n'omuri Ẹnugu, ahu yabugaine mugyenzi we Omuyoruba, Victor Banjọ, orikukora na gavumenti ya Biafra. Soyinka, owaashabire obushagiki bw'abeebembezi b'amahe omu kicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, akahitsya obutumwa bwa Banjo ahari Lieutenant Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo, owaabaire atoorainwe nk'omuduumizi w'amahe g'omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba. Omumwebazyo gw'akana, Soyinka agarukire omu mahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, amahe ga Biafra gakatahirira ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Bwanyima y'okutwara oburengyerwa-izooba, Soyinka akabugana Obasanjo kumugambira ekigyendererwa ky'Ababiafra ahabwokuba Obasanjo akaba yaacwiremu kwegaita aha gavumenti ya Nigeria. Kwonka okutahirira kwa Biafra ahagati yóburegyerwa eizooba kikarugamu okuhoorera okwakozirwe amahe ga gavumenti eya federo, kandi orutaro rw'omunda rukatandika. Obasanjo akashoboorora gavumenti ya Nigeria orukiiko rwe na Soyinka, yarangirira Soyinka nk'omuheekyera, n'ahabw'ekyo akakwatwa ab'obushoborozi bwa federo kandi yaakomwa kumara emyezi 22.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/07/27/wole.soyinka/index.html Wole Soyinka: Nigeria's Nobel Laureate]". ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. 1 August 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2026.</ref> Akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi n'byevugo arikujuumirira gavumenti ya Nigeria obu yaabaire ari omu kihome.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (2006), ''You Must Set Forth at Dawn'', p. 6.</ref> Omu kutandika kwa 1967, ebihandiiko bye Kongi’s Harvest na Idanre and Other Poems bikashohozibwa.<ref>"[https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/engp06/chapter/wole-soyinka-kongis-harvest/ Wole Soyinka, Kongi's Harvest – African & Caribbean Writing in English]". ''ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Ari na Tom Stoppard, akatunga ekirabo kya John Whiting omuri London. Akatooranwa kuba mukuru w'eishomero rya Drama, Yunivasite ya Ibadan kwonka akaremwa kutwara entebe egyo ahabw'okubohwa omu kwezi kwa munaana. N'obu araabe yaabaire ari omu kihome, omuzaano gwe ogurikwetwa The Lion and The Jewel gukagumizamu gwashohozibwa omuri Accra, Ghana omu Kwamwenda 1967. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Strong Breed bikashohozibwa aba Off-Broadway omu Greenwich Mews Theatre omuri New York City. Omuri 1968, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Jock Campbell-New Statesman Award. Ekibiina kya Negro Ensemble Company kikashohoza Kongi's Harvest aha St. Mark's Theatre, New York.<ref>"[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,838330,00.html Theater: Kongi's Harvest]". ''Time''. 26 April 1968. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X 0040-781X]. Retrieved 7 May 2022.</ref> Akavunuura D. O. Fagunwa's Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irunmale kuruga omu rurimi rwa Yoruba kuza omu Rungyereza. Kikashohozibwa nka The Forest of a Thousand Demons: A Hunter's Saga. === Okurekurwa n'okushohoza ebitabo. === Omu Okwaikumi 1969, emyezi mikye erikuburayo orutaro rw'omunda rukahwa, okusaasira kukarangirirwa, Soyinka hamwe n'abandi basibe b'eby'obutegyeki barekurwa.<ref>PEN America (16 April 2012). "[https://pen.org/case-histories-wole-soyinka/ Case Histories: Wole Soyinka]". ''PEN America''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omu myezi mikye y'okubanza bwanyima y'okurekurwa kwe, Soyinka akaguma aha faamu ya munywani we omu mashuuma ga Bufaransa, ahu yaasherwire kuhuumuraho wenka. Akahandiika The Bacchae of Euripides (1969), ekihandiiko kihindwiremu kushushana enfumu ya Pentheus.<ref name=":3">Killam and Rowe (eds), ''The Companion to African Literature'' (2000), p. 276.</ref> Kandi akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebyevugo omuri London, kikwetwa Poems from Prison. Aha muheru gw'omwaka, akagaruka omu ofiisi ye nk'orikukurira eby'emizaano omuri Ibadan.<ref name=":5">"[https://dailytrust.com/things-to-know-about-prof-wole-soyinka-at-89/ Things To Know About Prof Wole Soyinka At 89]". ''[[:en:Daily_Trust|Daily Trust]]''. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omu 1970, akashohoza omuzaano Kongi's Harvest, kandi omu bwire bumwe akaguhindura nk'omuzaano gwa firimu gw'eiziina niryo rimwe, Kongi's Harvest. Omu Kwamukaaga 1970, akamara omuzaano ogundi, ogurikwetwa Madmen and Specialists.<ref>Ajeluorou, Anote (25 July 2015). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/periscoping-a-senseless-war-in-madmen-and-specialists/ Periscoping A Senseless War In Madmen And Specialists]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</ref> Arikukoragana n'ekibiina ky'abazaani 15 ba Ibadan University Theatre Art Company, akagyenda United States, kureeba Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center omuri Waterford, Connecticut, ahu omuzaano gwe oguyabaire ahererukurieyo kuhandiika gwayorekirwe omurundi gwokubanza.[citation needed] Omu 1971, ekitabo kye ky'ebyevugo ekya A Shuttle in the Crypt kikashohozibwa. Madmen and Specialists kikashohozibwa omuri Ibadan omwaka ogwo.<ref>Lee, Christopher J. (25 March 2020). "[http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/reading-wole-soyinka-s-madmen-and-specialists-time-pandemic Reading Wole Soyinka's 'Madmen and Specialists' in a Time of Pandemic]". ''Warscapes''.</ref> Omu Kwakana 1971, ahabw'okwerarikirira aha mbeera y'eby'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria, Soyinka akarekura emirimo ye aha Yunivasite omuri Ibadan, kandi yaatandika emyaka mingi ayetwaire omubuzaahe. kuza omu buzaahe.<ref name=":6">Adegbamigbe, Ademola (13 July 2019). "[https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/07/13/soyinka-at-85-why-i-detained-him-for-2-years-during-civil-war-yakubu-gowon/ Soyinka at 85: 'Why I Detained Him for 2 Years During the Civil War' - Yakubu Gowon]". ''The NEWS''. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</ref> Soyinka akagyenda omuri Paris, Bufaransa, kutwara omurimo gw'okuzaana nka Patrice Lumumba, mukuru w'eihanga w'okubanza rya Repubulika ya Kongo owaisirwe, omu muzaano ogwashohozibwe Joan Littlewood omu kwakataano 1971 ogurikwetwa Murderous Angels, omuzaano gwa Conor Cruise O'Brien ogwabaire nigukwata aha buremeezi bwa Kongo.<ref name=":4">Gibbs, James. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/soyinka-wole-13-july-1934 Soyinka, Wole 1934–]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 September 2021. (Updated by [[:en:Tanure_Ojaide|Tanure Ojaide]].)</ref><ref>[[:en:Biodun_Jeyifo|Jeyifo, Biodun]] (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nwhlgrVqvYkC&q=%22Murderous+Angels%22%3D&pg=PR27 Chronology]". ''Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, and Postcolonialism''. Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;xxvii. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139439084|9781139439084]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri Paris, ebicweka kuruga omu muzaano gwa Soyinka ogurikumanywa munonga The Dance of The Forests bikazaanwa.<ref>Adenekan, Sulaiman (2016). "[https://www.tradenewswire.net/the-pride-of-africa-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-clocks-85-years-serving-humanity-poetically/ The Pride of Africa: Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka clocks 85 years serving humanity poeticall]y". ''Trade Newswire''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Omu 1972, ekitabo kye Season of Anomy hamwe na Collected Plays byona bikashohozibwa Oxford University Press. Ekihandiiko kye ky'ebirikumukwataho ekya The Man Died, ekirikurundaana ebi yaahandiikire omu kihome, nakyo kikashohozibwa omwaka ogwo.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/biographical/ Wole Soyinka | Biographical]", The Nobel Prize, 1986.</ref> Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Honoris Causa doctorate kuruga omu Yunivasite ya Leeds omuri 1973.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/honorary-degree/ Honorary Degree]", Leeds ''African Studies Bulletin'' 19 (November 1973), pp. 1–2. [Professor Soyinka receiving the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from the Chancellor, HRH the Duchess of Kent, on Thursday 17 May 1973 – image from 'Nobel Prize for Leeds Graduate', ''The Reporter'' (the University of Leeds), 258, 24 October 1986.]</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, National Theatre, London, ekashaba kandi yaatongoza omuzaano The Bacchae of Euripides,<ref name=":3" /> kandi emizaano ye Camwood on the Leaves na Jero's Metamorphosis nayo ekaba eri ey'okubanza kushohozibwa. Akamara omwaka gumwe nk'omugyenyi aha Churchill College, Cambridge<ref>Gumbel, Andrew (3 November 2005). "[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/03/theatre3 Wole Soyinka on how he came to write Death and the King's Horseman]". ''The Guardian''.</ref> (1973–74)<ref name=":4" /> kandi yaahandiika Death and the King's Horseman, ekyashomirwe omurundi gw'okubanza aha Churchill College.<ref name=":5" /> Omu 1974, Oxford University Press ekashohoza Soyinka's Collected Plays, Volume II. Akateeraho hamwe ekitabo kya 1975 Poems of Black Africa, ekyashohoziibwe nka kimwe ahakicweka kya Heinemann African Writers Series.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JtqywAEACAAJ Poems of Black Africa]'', Heinemann African Writers Series, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]. <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780435901714|9780435901714]]</bdi>.</ref> Kandi omuri 1975, Soyinka akakuzibwa yaaza aha ntebe y'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka Transition Magazine, akaabaire nikashangwa omu kibuga ekikuru ekya Ghana ekya Accra, ahu yaafurukiire.<ref name=":6" /> Akakoresa ebihandiiko bye omu magaziini kujumirira abo abarikusaasibwa munonga abairaguju (nk'eky'okureeberaho, ekicweka kye "Neo-Tarzanism: Eby'obutegyeki obwa Pseudo-Transition) hamwe n'obutegyeki bw'amahe. Akeesharinga ahabw'obutegyeki bw'amahe obwa Idi Amin omu Uganda. Bwanyima y'empindahinduka omu by'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria hamwe n'okuhenda gavumenti y'amahe eya Gowon omuri 1975, Soyinka akagaruka omu ihanga rye kandi yaagaruka omu mwanya gwe nka mukuru w'okugyeragyeranisa ebyahandiikirwe. omu Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref name=":6" /> === Okushomesa === Kuruga 1975 kuhisya 1999, Soyinka akaheereza nka Purofeesa w'ebitabo ebirikugyeragyeranisibwa aha Obafemi Awolowo University.<ref>Odinaka (31 July 2018). "[https://www.tori.ng/news/102835/the-house-prof-soyinka-lived-in-during-oau-days-tu.html The House Prof. Soyinka Lived In During OAU Days, Turned Into A Campus Museum (Photos)]". ''Tori.ng''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Amerika, akeegyesa aha Cornell University nk'omuhangu wa Goldwin Smith omu kwega aha Afirika hamwe n'eby'emizaano kuruga 1988 kuhisya 1991. Aha Yunivasite ya Emory, akatooranwa nka Robert W. Woodruff Purofeesa w'eby'emikono omuri 1996 kandi atwire ari Purofeesa w'okuhandiika omu Yunivasite ya Nevada, Las Vegas. Soyinka akaheereza scholar-in-residence omu Institute of African American Affairs eya New York University hamwe na Loyola Marymount University omuri Los Angeles, California. Akegyesa n'aha Yunivasite za Cambridge, Oxford, Harvard na Yale. Akaba ari omwegi w'amaani omu kutuura aha Yunivasite ya Duke omuri 2008.<ref>"[https://alumni.duke.edu/magazine/articles/soyinka-stage Soyinka on Stage | Nobel laureate works with student production of his play]". ''Duke Magazine''. No.&#x20;January–February 2011. 31 January 2011. Retrieved 18 April 2021.</ref> Omu Kwaikumi na kubiri 2017, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Europe Theatre Prize omu kicweka kya "Special Prize" category,<ref>Ajibade, Kunle (12 December 2017). "[https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2017/12/12/wole-soyinka-wins-europe-theatre-prize/ Wole Soyinka Wins The Europe Theatre Prize]". ''[[:en:P.M._News|P.M. News]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref><ref>"[https://www.concisenews.global/news/soyinka-wins-2017-the-europe-theatre-prize/ Soyinka Wins 2017 Europe Theatre Prize]". ''Concise News''. 15 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> ekyahairwe omuntu owaabaire "aine ekyayongyeireho omu kuhikiiriza emikoro y'eby'obuhangwa erikureetaho okwetegyereza n'okubagana amagyezi ahagati y'abantu".<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20171225034855/http://www.jamesmurua.com/wole-soyinka-to-receive-europe-theatre-prize-2017/ Wole Soyinka to receive Europe Theatre Prize 2017]". ''James Murua's Literature Blog''. 14 December 2017. Archived from the original on 25 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> Ebiro 1 September 2022, Soyinka akatwara entebe y'okuba Purofeesa w'eby'emizaano aha New York University Abu Dhabi.<ref>"[https://www.wam.ae/en/article/hszrfcet-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-joins-nyu-abu-dhabi Nobel laureate Wole Soyinka joins NYU Abu Dhabi faculty]". Emirates News Agency-WAM. 23 August 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref><ref>"[https://nyuad.nyu.edu/en/academics/divisions/arts-and-humanities/faculty/wole-soyinka.html Wole Soyinka | Arts Professor of Theater]". ''nyuad.nyu.edu''. New York University Abu Dhabi. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref> Omu 1976, akashohoza ekitabo kye ky'ebitebyo Ogun Abibiman, hamwe n'ekitabo ky'ebihandiiko ekiine omutwe Myth, Literature and the African World.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/facts/ The Nobel Prize in Literature 1986]". ''NobelPrize.org''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omuri ebi, Soyinka naashwijuma oburugo bw'oburagwa omu katemba ka Afirika kandi, arikukoresa eby'okureeberaho kuruga omuri Buraaya na Afirika, naagyeragyeranisa kandi akashoboorora eby'obuhangwa. Akaha orubazo rw'omutaano aha itendekyero ry'okushwijuma Afirika aha Yunivasite ya Ghana omuri Legon. Omu Okwaikumi 1976, envunuura ya Bufaransa eya The Dance of The Forests<ref>"[https://abjournals.org/ajchrt/papers/volume-8/issue-1/ghost-dirge-and-the-forest-dance-in-soyinkas-metathysical-play-a-dance-of-the-forests/ Ghost, Dirge and the Forest Dance in Soyinka's Metaphysical Play "A Dance of the Forests]". ''African Journal of Culture, History, Religion and Traditions (AJCHRT)''. 24 November 2024. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> ekazaanwa omuri Dakar. Omu 1977, Opera Wọnyọsi, okuhindura kwe okw'omuzzano gwa Bertolt Brecht, T''he Threepenny Opera'', gukazaanira omuri Ibadan. Omu 1979, Soyinka akebembera kandi yazaana omu muzaano gwa Jon Blair na Norman Fenton ogurikwetwa The Biko Inquest, omzaano ogurikwegamira aha magara ga Steve Biko, omwegi wa South Africa kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe bw'abantu owaateirwe akafa ahabwa pooriisi y'omuri South Africa eyabaire neekuratira engyenderwaho y'okushoroora omu bantu.<ref name=":4" /> Omu 1981 Soyinka akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebirikumukwataho Aké: The Years of Childhood, ekyasingire ekirabo kya 1983 Anisfield-Wolf Book Award.<ref>"[https://www.anisfield-wolf.org/winners/ake-the-years-of-childhood/ Winners: 1983 Nonfiction – Ake]". ''Anisfield-Wolf Book Awards''. Retrieved 9 April 2021.</ref> Soyinka akagumizamu yaatandikaho ekibiina ekindi eky'emizaano, ekya Guerrilla Unit, ekyasherwire kwejumba butunu n'abantu b'omubyaro. Ekigyendererwa kyayo kikaba kiri okubahwera kuteekateeka aha buremeezi bwabo n'okuha eiraka okwetomboitwa kwabo kurabira omu kukora emizaano migufu. Omu 1983, omuzaano gwe Requiem for a Futurologist gukaba guri omuzaano gwagwo gw'okubanza aha Yunivasite ya Ife. Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omwaka ogwo, emwe aha purogyekiti ze z'ebyeshongoro, ekitongore kya Unlimited Liability Company, kikashohoza akatambi k'okweshongora akarikwetwa I Love My Country, ahu abeeshongozi ba Nigeria abarikumanywa baazaaniire ebyeshongoro ebyahandiikirwe Soyinka. Omu 1984, akakora firimu Blues for a Prodigal, eyayorekirwe aha Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref>Gibbs, James (1985). "[https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/03064228508533902 Wole Soyinka's film banned]". ''[[:en:Index_on_Censorship|Index on Censorship]]''. '''14''' (3): 41. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1080/03064228508533902|10.1080/03064228508533902]]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:220929276 220929276] &#x2013; via [[:en:SAGE_Publishing|SAGE Publishing]].</ref> A Play of Giants ekorekwa omwaka nigwo gumwe.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (1984). ''[https://books.google.com.ng/books/about/A_Play_of_Giants.html?id=H3NuQgAACAAJ&redir_esc=y A Play of Giants]''. Methuen. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-413-55290-7|978-0-413-55290-7]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu myaka 1975–84, Soyinka akaba aine amaani omu by'obutegyeki. Aha Yunivasite ya Ife, emirimo ye y'obwebembezi ekaba erimu eby'okwerinda enguuto za gavumenti. Akajumirira obushomankuzi omu gavumenti ya purezidenti Shehu Shagari owaabaire atoorainwe abantu. Shagari ku yaahindwirwe omukuru w'amahe Muhammadu Buhari, Soyinka akaba ari aha rubaju rubi rw'amahe. Omu 1984, kooti emwe omuri Nigeria ekazibira ekitabo kye ekya 1972 The Man Died: Prison Notes.<ref>Gibbs (1986). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=xkJdDwAAQBAJ&q=%22the+man+died%22+soyinka+banned+1984&pg=PA17 Wole Soyinka]''. Macmillan. pp.&#x20;16–17. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781349182091|9781349182091]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu 1985, omuzaano gwe Requiem for a Futurologist gukashohozibwa omuri aba Rex Collings omuri London.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (1985). ''[https://catalogue.nla.gov.au/Record/106708/Details? Requiem for a futurologist]''. London: Rex Collings. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-86036-207-4|978-0-86036-207-4]]</bdi>.</ref> === 1986: Okuhangura ekirabo kya Nobel Prize === Soyinka akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel Prize for Literature omuri 1986,<ref>"[http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/1986/soyinka.html The Nobel Prize in Literature 1986 | Wole Soyinka]", Nobelprize.org, 23 August 2010.</ref><ref>"[http://www.postcolonialweb.org/soyinka/soyinkatl.html Wole Soyinka: A Chronology]". ''African Postcolonial Literature in English''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> yaahinduka Omufirika w'okubanza kuhangura ekirabo ekyo. == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == jor1lyuu94o0q7xa09e4zr470mlfeih 7256413 7256412 2026-07-20T10:16:47Z Rooth N 2608660 7256413 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wp/nyn]] '''Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola] 2021, p.&#x20;34.</ref>''', a'''kazaarwa 13 Okwamushanju 1934) n'omuhandiiki Omunigeria, w'emizaano, kandi omuhandiiki w'ebitabo. Akahandiika ebitabo bishatu, by'ebitabo by'emigane mikye eikumi, ebitabo mushanju by'ebyevugo, ebitabo by'emizaano abiri na bitaano, hamwe n'ebitabo bitaano by'ebirikumukwataho.<ref name=":2">Gibbs, James (1986). ''Wole Soyinka''. Basingstoke: [[:en:Macmillan_Publishers|Macmillan]]. p.&#x20;3. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780333305287|9780333305287]]</bdi>.</ref> Ahandiikire ebitabo bibiri ebivunwirwe hamwe n'ebicweka bingi hamwe n'ebitebyo bikye bikye by'okuhandiikisa empapura z'amakuru hamwe n'ebitabo by'obwire bukye. Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel eky'omwaka 1986 omu by'obuhangwa ahabw'okugira ngu akaba naashwijuma "ebintu bingi ebirikukwata aha buhangwa hamwe n'orurimi rw'okwevuga ahabirikukwata aha kubaho kw'abantu".<ref>Abdullahi, Idowu (11 October 2024). "[https://punchng.com/nobel-laureate-award-exposed-me-to-danger-wole-soyinka/ Nobel Laureate award exposed me to danger]". ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Akazaarwa omu ka y'Abakurisitaayo Abayoruba omuri Aké, Abeokuta.<ref>"[https://dawncommission.org/professor-wole-soyinka/ Professor Wole Soyinka – DAWN Commission]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref><ref name=":0">"[https://wolesoyinkalecture.org/about-wole-soyinka-2/ About Wole Soyinka]". ''Wole Soyinka Lecture Series''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Soyinka akatunga obwegyese obw'okumutebeekanisa aha Government College, Ibadan kandi yaagyenda aha University College Ibadan. Omu bwire bw'obwegyese bwe, akatandikaho ekibiina kya Pyrate Confraternity.<ref name=":0" /> Soyinka akaruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza kwega aha Yunivasite ya Leeds. Omu bwire obwo, niwe yaabaire ari omuhandiiki w'akatabo ka yunivasite, The Eagle, atakabaire muhandiiki ow'obutwire omu myaka ya 1950.<ref>"[https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/wole-soyinka/ Wole Soyinka – Narrative Landscape Press]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Bungyereza, akatandika kuhandiika ebitebyo bigufu n'okukora ebihandiiko aha BBC Lecture series. Akahandiika emizaano mingi eyazaanairwe aha reediyo hamwe n'omu myanya y'emizaano omuri Nigeria hamwe na Bungyereza, okukira munonga Royal Court Theatre.<ref>"[https://livingarchive.royalcourttheatre.com/black-plays-1960s/ Black Plays 1960s]". ''Royal Court - Living Archive''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Ebitabo bya Soyinka bingi hamwe n'emizaano ye, nibiteebwaho omuri Nigeria, ekirikworeka ebyafaayo by'eihanga eryo, eby'obuhangwa, hamwe n'oburemeezi bw'eby'obutegyeki. Oyihireho emirimo egi, akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi ebirikujumiirira emitwarize mibi y'abantu omungyeri erikushetsya. Ebihandiiko ebi bikajanjaara omu bantu baingi kandi byakundwa munonga. Atungire obusinguzi n'emizaano ye, otwariiremu The Swamp Dwellers (1958), The Lion and the Jewel (1959), na The Invention (1957), omuzaano gumwe ahayabandize, ogwakoriirwe aha Royal Court Theatre. Soyinka ahandiikire ebitabo bingi, otwariiremu The Interpreters (1965), Season of Anomy (1973), Death and the King's Horseman, Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth (2021), na Harmattan Haze on an African Spring (2012). Omu Kwamushanju 2024, Bola Tinubu akahindura eiziina ry'ekishengye ky'emizaano ekya National Arts Theatre ahanyima ya Soyinka aha mazaarwa ge ag'emyaka 90. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Soyinka akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju 1934 omuri Ake, Abeokuta, Nigeria omu ka y'Abakristaayo ey'obuzaare bw'Abayoruba. Akaba ari owa kabiri omu baana mushanju[a] ba Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, omuheereza w'Abakuristayo kandi mukuru w'eishomero kuruga omu ruganda rw'obugabe orwa Isara-Remo[<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1988 Gibbs 1988], pp.&#x20;526.</ref> hamwe na Grace Soyinka (née Jenkins-Harrison), omushubuuzi kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe kuruga omu ruganda rwa Ransome-Kuti.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFMaduakor1986 Maduakor 1986], pp.&#x20;227.</ref> Nyina Grace hamwe n'ab'eka ye, aba Ransome-Kutis, bakaba bari ab'eka y'amaani omuri Nigeria<ref>Staff writer (9 May 2014). "[https://businessday.ng/family-and-relationships/article/great-dynasties-the-ransome-kutis/ Great Dynasties:The Ransome-Kutis]". ''[[:en:BusinessDay_(Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> abarikugambwaho nk'ekigarukwamu kya Nigeria aha ka ya Kennedy omuri United States. Owaabatandikireho, omusesorodooti w'Abakuristaayo J. J. Ransome-Kuti, akaba ari omuntu w'okubanza omu ihanga rye omu by'okushohoza ebyeshongoro omu myaka ya 1920.<ref>Sansom, Ian. "[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/11/fela-kuti-great-dynasties-ian-sansom Great Dynasties: The Ransome-Kutis]". ''theguardian.com''. Retrieved 17 January 2026.</ref> Kuruga 1940 kuhistya 1946, Soyinka akaba naashoma aha St. Peters Primary School, ahu ishe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eishomero.<ref>"[https://guardian.ng/art/genius-of-the-unconventional-and-the-patterning-of-dualities-wole-soyinkas-early-childhood-part-3/ Genius of the unconventional and the patterning of dualities: Wole Soyinka's early childhood]". ''T[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|he Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akashomera siniya ye Abeokuta Grammar School kandi okushoma kwe okw'okweteekateekyera Yunivasite aha Government College, Ibadan kuruga 1946 kuhisya 1951.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/soyinka-wole-1934/ Wole Soyinka (1934- )]". ''[[:en:BlackPast.org|BlackPast.org]]''. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akaheebwa omwanya omu University College Ibadan, ahu yaashomire ebyahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza, Orugriika, hamwe n'ebyafaayo by'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kuruga 1952 kuhisya 1954.<ref name=":1">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola 2021], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Omu myaka ye y'ahamuheru omu yunivasite, akahandiika omuzaano mugufu aha reediyo, Keffi's Birthday Treat, ogwashohwire omu Kwamushanju 1954 kuruga omu kitongore kya Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1980 Gibbs 1980], p.&#x20;21.</ref> Hamwe n'abeegi bagyenzi be otwariiremu Olumuyiwa Awẹ, Ralph Opara, Aig-Imoukhuede, na Pius Olegbe, akatandikaho ekibiina ekirikwetwa National Association of Seadogs, ekibiina ky'okubanza omuri Nigeria.<ref name=":1" /> Soyinka akafuruka kuruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza omuri 1954 kugumizamu n'emishomo ye omu byahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza aha Yunivasite ya Leeds arikureebererwa G. Wilson Knight.<ref>''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFEncyclopedia_Britannica2024 Encyclopedia Britannica]'' 2024.</ref> Okusharamu kw'okushoma aheeru y'eihanga omu bwire obwo obu okushoma diguri ya kabiri kyabaire kitarikubaho omuri Ibadan kikaba kiri kurabira omuri Joyce M. Green, omukazi Omungyereza owaizire omu University College, Ibadan kuruga Cambridge omuri 1950, kandi owaabaire ari omwe aha beegyesa ba Soyinka kandi owaabaire amuhaire ekihandiiko kirungi eky'okumugambaho omuri Leeds.<ref>Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi (28 July 2019). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/soyinkas-early-romance-with-england-1954-1959-a-cold-chapter-for-an-anti-form-rebel-part-1/ Soyinka's early romance with England 1954-1959: A cold chapter for an anti-form rebel]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 8 January 2026.</ref> Aha yunivasite ya Leeds, akaheereza nk'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka yunivasite akarikushetsya, The Eagle, omuri ako yaahandiika ekicweka aha magara g'eby'okushoma. Omu Kwamunaana 1955, akatandika kukwata ebyeshongoro aha BBC Lecture kandi yaahandiika ebitebyo bigufu nyingi. Omuri 1957, akasingura empaka z'okugamba ezirikubaho buri mwaka ezirikuteebwaho Yunivasite.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFLindfors1974 Lindfors 1974], pp.&#x20;471–486.</ref> == Emirimo == === 1957–1967: Omurimo gwe gw'okubanza === Soyinka akaguma omuri Leeds bwanyima y'okutunga diguri ye eya BA honours omu Rungyereza omuri 1957.<ref name=":2" /> Omu 1957, akatandika kuhandiika emizaano ye ey'okubanza, ''Swamp Dwellers'' na ''The Lion and the Jewel''. Soyinka akaza London kandi yaakora nk'omushomi w'emizaano aha Royal Court Theatre. Akebembera ekibiina kya Nigerian Drama Group ekyakozire The Swamp Dwellers omuri 1958. Omu bwire obwo, emizaano ye ebiri ekazaanwa omuri Ibadan, Nigeria. Omuri 1957, omuzaano gwe, The Invention, gukashohozibwa aha Royal Court Theatre omuri London, kandi gukaba guri omurimo gwe gw'okubanza aha.<ref>"Wole Soyinka". ''African Biography''. Detroit, MI: Gale (published 2 December 2006). 1999. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-2823-9|978-0-7876-2823-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akahandiika ebyevugo, otwariiremu "''The Immigrant''" hamwe na "''My Next Door Neighbour''", ebyareebekire omuri Black Orpheus. Omuri 1959, Soyinka akagaruka Nigeria bwanyima y'okutunga obuhwezi bwa Rockefeller Research Fellowship ahabw'okucondooza kwe aha by'emizaano ya Afirika. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe omwaka nigwo gumwe, akaza omu mwanya gwa Janheinz Jahn nk'omwe ahabahandiiki babiri bakuru ba Black Orpheus.<ref>Jacobs, Alan. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/trials-brother-jero The Trials Of Brother Jero]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu 1960, akamara omuzaano gwe ogwa reediyo Camwood on the Leaves, kandi n'omuzaano gwe ''The Trials of Brother Jero'' gukatongozibwa omu Mellanby Hall residence of University College Ibadan omu Kwakana 1960. Akakora ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Mask omu myaka ya 1960. Omuzaano gwe ogwa A Dance of The Forest, gukatongozibwa nk'omuzaano gw'eizooba ry'okwetegyeka kwa Nigeria, kandi ebiro 1 Okwaikumi 1960, gukatongozibwa omuri Lagos.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[[:en:BlackPast.org|Wole Soyinka (1934- )". ''BlackPast.org'']]. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Omuzaano gwa Soyinka ogw'okubanza ogurikwetwa My Father's Burden, gukaba nigwebemberwa Olusegun Olusola kandi gukaba nigworekwa aha Western Nigeria Television ebiro 6 Okwamunaana 1960.<ref>Uzoatu, Uzor Maxim (5 October 2013). "[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/146108-essential-soyinka-timeline-uzor-maxim-uzoatu.html The Essential Soyinka Timeline]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref> Omu 1962, Soyinka akahandiika ebihandiiko birikurwanirira okushoma n'okuhandiika omuri Nigeria omu bwire obwo otwariiremu "Death of the King's Horsemen" hamwe na "Towards a True Theater", ebyashohoziibwe omu Transition Magazine.<ref>Amayi, Zakayo (22 June 2013). "[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/standard-entertainment/article/2000086475/soyinkas-grumpy-battles-to-defend-literary-legacy Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's grumpy battles to defend literary legacy]". Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa aha Obafemi Awolowo University omuri Ifẹ. Omu 1963, firimu ye y'okubanza, Culture in Transition, ekashohozibwa. Soyinka akarekura omurimo gwe aha Yunivasite omuri 1964, nk'okwesharinga ahabw'emitwarize y'okushagika gavumenti eyateirweho ab'obushoborozi. Akagira ngu ab'obushoborozi omu yunivasite bakakwatanisa eitendekyero n'obutegyeki bwa Samuel Ladoke Akintola obwabaire butarikukundwa. Omu bwire obwo, akakora The Lion and the Jewel<ref>"[https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/critical-responses-to-african-theatre-wole-soyinkas-the-lion-and-the-jewel-by-professor-martin-banham/ Critical Responses to African Theatre: Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel by Professor Martin Banham | Black Plays Archive]". ''www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> omu siizoni y'emizaano omu Rungyereza na Yoruba hamwe n'okutandikaho The Orisun Theatre Company, guruupu ya theatre. Omu 1965, akakora omuzaano gwa gurikujumirira emitwarize mibi omungyeru erikushestya, ''Before the Blackout''.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/african-theatre-soyinka/ Review of African Theatre Soyinka: Blackout, Blowout and Beyond | Centre for African Studies (LUCAS)]". ''lucas.leeds.ac.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuzano gwe, Kongi's Harvest, gukatandika omu Kwamunaana omuri Lagos. Ebiro 14 September 1965, omuzaano gwe The Road gukatandika kworekwa omuri London aha Commonwealth Arts Festival hamwe na Theatre Royal Stratford East. Soyinka akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa mukuru aha Yunivasite ya Lagos. Juba, ekitabo kye ekisya The Interpreters kikashohozibwa André Deutsch omuri London. Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akakomwa omurundi gw'okubanza, yaajunaanwa okukwata reediyo aha mbundu akahindura akatambi k'ebigambo by'enganzi y'ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba n'akatambi akarikujunaana okwiba akaruuru. Akarekurwa bwanyima y'ameezi agamwe g'okukomwa ahabw'okwesharinga kw'abantu b'ensi yoona abahandiiki. Akahandiika n'ekitabo The Detainee, omuzaano gwa reediyo ogwashohozibwe BBC omuri London.<ref>Ezugwu, Obinna (19 July 2021). "[https://hallmarknews.com/salute-to-kongi-at-87/ Salute To Kongi At 87]". ''hallmarknews.com''. Retrieved 13 August 2022.</ref> === 1966–1968: Orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria === Bwanyima y'okuba Mukuru w'ekibiina ky'emizaano aha Yunivasite ya Ibadan, Soyinka akatandika kwejumba omu by'obutegyeki. Bwanyima y'amahe okuhamba obutegyeki omu kwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1966, akabugana omu kihama Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, gavana w'amahe ow'amashuuma g'oburugwa izooba bwa Nigeria omu kugyezaho okuzibira orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria.<ref>"[https://howng.com/professor-wole-soyinka-full-biographylife-and-news/ Professor Wole Soyinka Full Biography, Life And News]". ''howng.com''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Akaza n'omuri Ẹnugu, ahu yabugaine mugyenzi we Omuyoruba, Victor Banjọ, orikukora na gavumenti ya Biafra. Soyinka, owaashabire obushagiki bw'abeebembezi b'amahe omu kicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, akahitsya obutumwa bwa Banjo ahari Lieutenant Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo, owaabaire atoorainwe nk'omuduumizi w'amahe g'omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba. Omumwebazyo gw'akana, Soyinka agarukire omu mahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, amahe ga Biafra gakatahirira ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Bwanyima y'okutwara oburengyerwa-izooba, Soyinka akabugana Obasanjo kumugambira ekigyendererwa ky'Ababiafra ahabwokuba Obasanjo akaba yaacwiremu kwegaita aha gavumenti ya Nigeria. Kwonka okutahirira kwa Biafra ahagati yóburegyerwa eizooba kikarugamu okuhoorera okwakozirwe amahe ga gavumenti eya federo, kandi orutaro rw'omunda rukatandika. Obasanjo akashoboorora gavumenti ya Nigeria orukiiko rwe na Soyinka, yarangirira Soyinka nk'omuheekyera, n'ahabw'ekyo akakwatwa ab'obushoborozi bwa federo kandi yaakomwa kumara emyezi 22.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/07/27/wole.soyinka/index.html Wole Soyinka: Nigeria's Nobel Laureate]". ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. 1 August 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2026.</ref> Akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi n'byevugo arikujuumirira gavumenti ya Nigeria obu yaabaire ari omu kihome.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (2006), ''You Must Set Forth at Dawn'', p. 6.</ref> Omu kutandika kwa 1967, ebihandiiko bye Kongi’s Harvest na Idanre and Other Poems bikashohozibwa.<ref>"[https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/engp06/chapter/wole-soyinka-kongis-harvest/ Wole Soyinka, Kongi's Harvest – African & Caribbean Writing in English]". ''ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Ari na Tom Stoppard, akatunga ekirabo kya John Whiting omuri London. Akatooranwa kuba mukuru w'eishomero rya Drama, Yunivasite ya Ibadan kwonka akaremwa kutwara entebe egyo ahabw'okubohwa omu kwezi kwa munaana. N'obu araabe yaabaire ari omu kihome, omuzaano gwe ogurikwetwa The Lion and The Jewel gukagumizamu gwashohozibwa omuri Accra, Ghana omu Kwamwenda 1967. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Strong Breed bikashohozibwa aba Off-Broadway omu Greenwich Mews Theatre omuri New York City. Omuri 1968, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Jock Campbell-New Statesman Award. Ekibiina kya Negro Ensemble Company kikashohoza Kongi's Harvest aha St. Mark's Theatre, New York.<ref>"[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,838330,00.html Theater: Kongi's Harvest]". ''Time''. 26 April 1968. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X 0040-781X]. Retrieved 7 May 2022.</ref> Akavunuura D. O. Fagunwa's Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irunmale kuruga omu rurimi rwa Yoruba kuza omu Rungyereza. Kikashohozibwa nka The Forest of a Thousand Demons: A Hunter's Saga. === Okurekurwa n'okushohoza ebitabo. === Omu Okwaikumi 1969, emyezi mikye erikuburayo orutaro rw'omunda rukahwa, okusaasira kukarangirirwa, Soyinka hamwe n'abandi basibe b'eby'obutegyeki barekurwa.<ref>PEN America (16 April 2012). "[https://pen.org/case-histories-wole-soyinka/ Case Histories: Wole Soyinka]". ''PEN America''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omu myezi mikye y'okubanza bwanyima y'okurekurwa kwe, Soyinka akaguma aha faamu ya munywani we omu mashuuma ga Bufaransa, ahu yaasherwire kuhuumuraho wenka. Akahandiika The Bacchae of Euripides (1969), ekihandiiko kihindwiremu kushushana enfumu ya Pentheus.<ref name=":3">Killam and Rowe (eds), ''The Companion to African Literature'' (2000), p. 276.</ref> Kandi akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebyevugo omuri London, kikwetwa Poems from Prison. Aha muheru gw'omwaka, akagaruka omu ofiisi ye nk'orikukurira eby'emizaano omuri Ibadan.<ref name=":5">"[https://dailytrust.com/things-to-know-about-prof-wole-soyinka-at-89/ Things To Know About Prof Wole Soyinka At 89]". ''[[:en:Daily_Trust|Daily Trust]]''. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omu 1970, akashohoza omuzaano Kongi's Harvest, kandi omu bwire bumwe akaguhindura nk'omuzaano gwa firimu gw'eiziina niryo rimwe, Kongi's Harvest. Omu Kwamukaaga 1970, akamara omuzaano ogundi, ogurikwetwa Madmen and Specialists.<ref>Ajeluorou, Anote (25 July 2015). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/periscoping-a-senseless-war-in-madmen-and-specialists/ Periscoping A Senseless War In Madmen And Specialists]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</ref> Arikukoragana n'ekibiina ky'abazaani 15 ba Ibadan University Theatre Art Company, akagyenda United States, kureeba Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center omuri Waterford, Connecticut, ahu omuzaano gwe oguyabaire ahererukurieyo kuhandiika gwayorekirwe omurundi gwokubanza.[citation needed] Omu 1971, ekitabo kye ky'ebyevugo ekya A Shuttle in the Crypt kikashohozibwa. Madmen and Specialists kikashohozibwa omuri Ibadan omwaka ogwo.<ref>Lee, Christopher J. (25 March 2020). "[http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/reading-wole-soyinka-s-madmen-and-specialists-time-pandemic Reading Wole Soyinka's 'Madmen and Specialists' in a Time of Pandemic]". ''Warscapes''.</ref> Omu Kwakana 1971, ahabw'okwerarikirira aha mbeera y'eby'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria, Soyinka akarekura emirimo ye aha Yunivasite omuri Ibadan, kandi yaatandika emyaka mingi ayetwaire omubuzaahe. kuza omu buzaahe.<ref name=":6">Adegbamigbe, Ademola (13 July 2019). "[https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/07/13/soyinka-at-85-why-i-detained-him-for-2-years-during-civil-war-yakubu-gowon/ Soyinka at 85: 'Why I Detained Him for 2 Years During the Civil War' - Yakubu Gowon]". ''The NEWS''. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</ref> Soyinka akagyenda omuri Paris, Bufaransa, kutwara omurimo gw'okuzaana nka Patrice Lumumba, mukuru w'eihanga w'okubanza rya Repubulika ya Kongo owaisirwe, omu muzaano ogwashohozibwe Joan Littlewood omu kwakataano 1971 ogurikwetwa Murderous Angels, omuzaano gwa Conor Cruise O'Brien ogwabaire nigukwata aha buremeezi bwa Kongo.<ref name=":4">Gibbs, James. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/soyinka-wole-13-july-1934 Soyinka, Wole 1934–]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 September 2021. (Updated by [[:en:Tanure_Ojaide|Tanure Ojaide]].)</ref><ref>[[:en:Biodun_Jeyifo|Jeyifo, Biodun]] (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nwhlgrVqvYkC&q=%22Murderous+Angels%22%3D&pg=PR27 Chronology]". ''Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, and Postcolonialism''. Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;xxvii. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139439084|9781139439084]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri Paris, ebicweka kuruga omu muzaano gwa Soyinka ogurikumanywa munonga The Dance of The Forests bikazaanwa.<ref>Adenekan, Sulaiman (2016). "[https://www.tradenewswire.net/the-pride-of-africa-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-clocks-85-years-serving-humanity-poetically/ The Pride of Africa: Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka clocks 85 years serving humanity poeticall]y". ''Trade Newswire''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Omu 1972, ekitabo kye Season of Anomy hamwe na Collected Plays byona bikashohozibwa Oxford University Press. Ekihandiiko kye ky'ebirikumukwataho ekya The Man Died, ekirikurundaana ebi yaahandiikire omu kihome, nakyo kikashohozibwa omwaka ogwo.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/biographical/ Wole Soyinka | Biographical]", The Nobel Prize, 1986.</ref> Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Honoris Causa doctorate kuruga omu Yunivasite ya Leeds omuri 1973.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/honorary-degree/ Honorary Degree]", Leeds ''African Studies Bulletin'' 19 (November 1973), pp. 1–2. [Professor Soyinka receiving the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from the Chancellor, HRH the Duchess of Kent, on Thursday 17 May 1973 – image from 'Nobel Prize for Leeds Graduate', ''The Reporter'' (the University of Leeds), 258, 24 October 1986.]</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, National Theatre, London, ekashaba kandi yaatongoza omuzaano The Bacchae of Euripides,<ref name=":3" /> kandi emizaano ye Camwood on the Leaves na Jero's Metamorphosis nayo ekaba eri ey'okubanza kushohozibwa. Akamara omwaka gumwe nk'omugyenyi aha Churchill College, Cambridge<ref>Gumbel, Andrew (3 November 2005). "[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/03/theatre3 Wole Soyinka on how he came to write Death and the King's Horseman]". ''The Guardian''.</ref> (1973–74)<ref name=":4" /> kandi yaahandiika Death and the King's Horseman, ekyashomirwe omurundi gw'okubanza aha Churchill College.<ref name=":5" /> Omu 1974, Oxford University Press ekashohoza Soyinka's Collected Plays, Volume II. Akateeraho hamwe ekitabo kya 1975 Poems of Black Africa, ekyashohoziibwe nka kimwe ahakicweka kya Heinemann African Writers Series.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JtqywAEACAAJ Poems of Black Africa]'', Heinemann African Writers Series, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]. <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780435901714|9780435901714]]</bdi>.</ref> Kandi omuri 1975, Soyinka akakuzibwa yaaza aha ntebe y'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka Transition Magazine, akaabaire nikashangwa omu kibuga ekikuru ekya Ghana ekya Accra, ahu yaafurukiire.<ref name=":6" /> Akakoresa ebihandiiko bye omu magaziini kujumirira abo abarikusaasibwa munonga abairaguju (nk'eky'okureeberaho, ekicweka kye "Neo-Tarzanism: Eby'obutegyeki obwa Pseudo-Transition) hamwe n'obutegyeki bw'amahe. Akeesharinga ahabw'obutegyeki bw'amahe obwa Idi Amin omu Uganda. Bwanyima y'empindahinduka omu by'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria hamwe n'okuhenda gavumenti y'amahe eya Gowon omuri 1975, Soyinka akagaruka omu ihanga rye kandi yaagaruka omu mwanya gwe nka mukuru w'okugyeragyeranisa ebyahandiikirwe. omu Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref name=":6" /> === Okushomesa === Kuruga 1975 kuhisya 1999, Soyinka akaheereza nka Purofeesa w'ebitabo ebirikugyeragyeranisibwa aha Obafemi Awolowo University.<ref>Odinaka (31 July 2018). "[https://www.tori.ng/news/102835/the-house-prof-soyinka-lived-in-during-oau-days-tu.html The House Prof. Soyinka Lived In During OAU Days, Turned Into A Campus Museum (Photos)]". ''Tori.ng''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Amerika, akeegyesa aha Cornell University nk'omuhangu wa Goldwin Smith omu kwega aha Afirika hamwe n'eby'emizaano kuruga 1988 kuhisya 1991. Aha Yunivasite ya Emory, akatooranwa nka Robert W. Woodruff Purofeesa w'eby'emikono omuri 1996 kandi atwire ari Purofeesa w'okuhandiika omu Yunivasite ya Nevada, Las Vegas. Soyinka akaheereza scholar-in-residence omu Institute of African American Affairs eya New York University hamwe na Loyola Marymount University omuri Los Angeles, California. Akegyesa n'aha Yunivasite za Cambridge, Oxford, Harvard na Yale. Akaba ari omwegi w'amaani omu kutuura aha Yunivasite ya Duke omuri 2008.<ref>"[https://alumni.duke.edu/magazine/articles/soyinka-stage Soyinka on Stage | Nobel laureate works with student production of his play]". ''Duke Magazine''. No.&#x20;January–February 2011. 31 January 2011. Retrieved 18 April 2021.</ref> Omu Kwaikumi na kubiri 2017, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Europe Theatre Prize omu kicweka kya "Special Prize" category,<ref>Ajibade, Kunle (12 December 2017). "[https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2017/12/12/wole-soyinka-wins-europe-theatre-prize/ Wole Soyinka Wins The Europe Theatre Prize]". ''[[:en:P.M._News|P.M. News]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref><ref>"[https://www.concisenews.global/news/soyinka-wins-2017-the-europe-theatre-prize/ Soyinka Wins 2017 Europe Theatre Prize]". ''Concise News''. 15 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> ekyahairwe omuntu owaabaire "aine ekyayongyeireho omu kuhikiiriza emikoro y'eby'obuhangwa erikureetaho okwetegyereza n'okubagana amagyezi ahagati y'abantu".<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20171225034855/http://www.jamesmurua.com/wole-soyinka-to-receive-europe-theatre-prize-2017/ Wole Soyinka to receive Europe Theatre Prize 2017]". ''James Murua's Literature Blog''. 14 December 2017. Archived from the original on 25 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> Ebiro 1 September 2022, Soyinka akatwara entebe y'okuba Purofeesa w'eby'emizaano aha New York University Abu Dhabi.<ref>"[https://www.wam.ae/en/article/hszrfcet-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-joins-nyu-abu-dhabi Nobel laureate Wole Soyinka joins NYU Abu Dhabi faculty]". Emirates News Agency-WAM. 23 August 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref><ref>"[https://nyuad.nyu.edu/en/academics/divisions/arts-and-humanities/faculty/wole-soyinka.html Wole Soyinka | Arts Professor of Theater]". ''nyuad.nyu.edu''. New York University Abu Dhabi. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref> Omu 1976, akashohoza ekitabo kye ky'ebitebyo Ogun Abibiman, hamwe n'ekitabo ky'ebihandiiko ekiine omutwe Myth, Literature and the African World.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/facts/ The Nobel Prize in Literature 1986]". ''NobelPrize.org''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omuri ebi, Soyinka naashwijuma oburugo bw'oburagwa omu katemba ka Afirika kandi, arikukoresa eby'okureeberaho kuruga omuri Buraaya na Afirika, naagyeragyeranisa kandi akashoboorora eby'obuhangwa. Akaha orubazo rw'omutaano aha itendekyero ry'okushwijuma Afirika aha Yunivasite ya Ghana omuri Legon. Omu Okwaikumi 1976, envunuura ya Bufaransa eya The Dance of The Forests<ref>"[https://abjournals.org/ajchrt/papers/volume-8/issue-1/ghost-dirge-and-the-forest-dance-in-soyinkas-metathysical-play-a-dance-of-the-forests/ Ghost, Dirge and the Forest Dance in Soyinka's Metaphysical Play "A Dance of the Forests]". ''African Journal of Culture, History, Religion and Traditions (AJCHRT)''. 24 November 2024. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> ekazaanwa omuri Dakar. Omu 1977, Opera Wọnyọsi, okuhindura kwe okw'omuzzano gwa Bertolt Brecht, T''he Threepenny Opera'', gukazaanira omuri Ibadan. Omu 1979, Soyinka akebembera kandi yazaana omu muzaano gwa Jon Blair na Norman Fenton ogurikwetwa The Biko Inquest, omzaano ogurikwegamira aha magara ga Steve Biko, omwegi wa South Africa kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe bw'abantu owaateirwe akafa ahabwa pooriisi y'omuri South Africa eyabaire neekuratira engyenderwaho y'okushoroora omu bantu.<ref name=":4" /> Omu 1981 Soyinka akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebirikumukwataho Aké: The Years of Childhood, ekyasingire ekirabo kya 1983 Anisfield-Wolf Book Award.<ref>"[https://www.anisfield-wolf.org/winners/ake-the-years-of-childhood/ Winners: 1983 Nonfiction – Ake]". ''Anisfield-Wolf Book Awards''. Retrieved 9 April 2021.</ref> Soyinka akagumizamu yaatandikaho ekibiina ekindi eky'emizaano, ekya Guerrilla Unit, ekyasherwire kwejumba butunu n'abantu b'omubyaro. Ekigyendererwa kyayo kikaba kiri okubahwera kuteekateeka aha buremeezi bwabo n'okuha eiraka okwetomboitwa kwabo kurabira omu kukora emizaano migufu. Omu 1983, omuzaano gwe Requiem for a Futurologist gukaba guri omuzaano gwagwo gw'okubanza aha Yunivasite ya Ife. Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omwaka ogwo, emwe aha purogyekiti ze z'ebyeshongoro, ekitongore kya Unlimited Liability Company, kikashohoza akatambi k'okweshongora akarikwetwa I Love My Country, ahu abeeshongozi ba Nigeria abarikumanywa baazaaniire ebyeshongoro ebyahandiikirwe Soyinka. Omu 1984, akakora firimu Blues for a Prodigal, eyayorekirwe aha Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref>Gibbs, James (1985). "[https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/03064228508533902 Wole Soyinka's film banned]". ''[[:en:Index_on_Censorship|Index on Censorship]]''. '''14''' (3): 41. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1080/03064228508533902|10.1080/03064228508533902]]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:220929276 220929276] &#x2013; via [[:en:SAGE_Publishing|SAGE Publishing]].</ref> A Play of Giants ekorekwa omwaka nigwo gumwe.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (1984). ''[https://books.google.com.ng/books/about/A_Play_of_Giants.html?id=H3NuQgAACAAJ&redir_esc=y A Play of Giants]''. Methuen. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-413-55290-7|978-0-413-55290-7]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu myaka 1975–84, Soyinka akaba aine amaani omu by'obutegyeki. Aha Yunivasite ya Ife, emirimo ye y'obwebembezi ekaba erimu eby'okwerinda enguuto za gavumenti. Akajumirira obushomankuzi omu gavumenti ya purezidenti Shehu Shagari owaabaire atoorainwe abantu. Shagari ku yaahindwirwe omukuru w'amahe Muhammadu Buhari, Soyinka akaba ari aha rubaju rubi rw'amahe. Omu 1984, kooti emwe omuri Nigeria ekazibira ekitabo kye ekya 1972 The Man Died: Prison Notes.<ref>Gibbs (1986). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=xkJdDwAAQBAJ&q=%22the+man+died%22+soyinka+banned+1984&pg=PA17 Wole Soyinka]''. Macmillan. pp.&#x20;16–17. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781349182091|9781349182091]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu 1985, omuzaano gwe Requiem for a Futurologist gukashohozibwa omuri aba Rex Collings omuri London.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (1985). ''[https://catalogue.nla.gov.au/Record/106708/Details? Requiem for a futurologist]''. London: Rex Collings. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-86036-207-4|978-0-86036-207-4]]</bdi>.</ref> === 1986: Okuhangura ekirabo kya Nobel Prize === Soyinka akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel Prize for Literature omuri 1986,<ref>"[http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/1986/soyinka.html The Nobel Prize in Literature 1986 | Wole Soyinka]", Nobelprize.org, 23 August 2010.</ref><ref>"[http://www.postcolonialweb.org/soyinka/soyinkatl.html Wole Soyinka: A Chronology]". ''African Postcolonial Literature in English''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> yaahinduka Omufirika w'okubanza kuhangura ekirabo ekyo. == Reeba n'aba == == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == m4tzhkc0ut6mae2inub5sw67atsg1cc 7256414 7256413 2026-07-20T10:18:26Z Rooth N 2608660 7256414 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q41488}} [[Category:Wp/nyn]] '''Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola] 2021, p.&#x20;34.</ref>''', a'''kazaarwa 13 Okwamushanju 1934) n'omuhandiiki Omunigeria, w'emizaano, kandi omuhandiiki w'ebitabo. Akahandiika ebitabo bishatu, by'ebitabo by'emigane mikye eikumi, ebitabo mushanju by'ebyevugo, ebitabo by'emizaano abiri na bitaano, hamwe n'ebitabo bitaano by'ebirikumukwataho.<ref name=":2">Gibbs, James (1986). ''Wole Soyinka''. Basingstoke: [[:en:Macmillan_Publishers|Macmillan]]. p.&#x20;3. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780333305287|9780333305287]]</bdi>.</ref> Ahandiikire ebitabo bibiri ebivunwirwe hamwe n'ebicweka bingi hamwe n'ebitebyo bikye bikye by'okuhandiikisa empapura z'amakuru hamwe n'ebitabo by'obwire bukye. Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel eky'omwaka 1986 omu by'obuhangwa ahabw'okugira ngu akaba naashwijuma "ebintu bingi ebirikukwata aha buhangwa hamwe n'orurimi rw'okwevuga ahabirikukwata aha kubaho kw'abantu".<ref>Abdullahi, Idowu (11 October 2024). "[https://punchng.com/nobel-laureate-award-exposed-me-to-danger-wole-soyinka/ Nobel Laureate award exposed me to danger]". ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Akazaarwa omu ka y'Abakurisitaayo Abayoruba omuri Aké, Abeokuta.<ref>"[https://dawncommission.org/professor-wole-soyinka/ Professor Wole Soyinka – DAWN Commission]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref><ref name=":0">"[https://wolesoyinkalecture.org/about-wole-soyinka-2/ About Wole Soyinka]". ''Wole Soyinka Lecture Series''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Soyinka akatunga obwegyese obw'okumutebeekanisa aha Government College, Ibadan kandi yaagyenda aha University College Ibadan. Omu bwire bw'obwegyese bwe, akatandikaho ekibiina kya Pyrate Confraternity.<ref name=":0" /> Soyinka akaruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza kwega aha Yunivasite ya Leeds. Omu bwire obwo, niwe yaabaire ari omuhandiiki w'akatabo ka yunivasite, The Eagle, atakabaire muhandiiki ow'obutwire omu myaka ya 1950.<ref>"[https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/wole-soyinka/ Wole Soyinka – Narrative Landscape Press]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Bungyereza, akatandika kuhandiika ebitebyo bigufu n'okukora ebihandiiko aha BBC Lecture series. Akahandiika emizaano mingi eyazaanairwe aha reediyo hamwe n'omu myanya y'emizaano omuri Nigeria hamwe na Bungyereza, okukira munonga Royal Court Theatre.<ref>"[https://livingarchive.royalcourttheatre.com/black-plays-1960s/ Black Plays 1960s]". ''Royal Court - Living Archive''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Ebitabo bya Soyinka bingi hamwe n'emizaano ye, nibiteebwaho omuri Nigeria, ekirikworeka ebyafaayo by'eihanga eryo, eby'obuhangwa, hamwe n'oburemeezi bw'eby'obutegyeki. Oyihireho emirimo egi, akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi ebirikujumiirira emitwarize mibi y'abantu omungyeri erikushetsya. Ebihandiiko ebi bikajanjaara omu bantu baingi kandi byakundwa munonga. Atungire obusinguzi n'emizaano ye, otwariiremu The Swamp Dwellers (1958), The Lion and the Jewel (1959), na The Invention (1957), omuzaano gumwe ahayabandize, ogwakoriirwe aha Royal Court Theatre. Soyinka ahandiikire ebitabo bingi, otwariiremu The Interpreters (1965), Season of Anomy (1973), Death and the King's Horseman, Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth (2021), na Harmattan Haze on an African Spring (2012). Omu Kwamushanju 2024, Bola Tinubu akahindura eiziina ry'ekishengye ky'emizaano ekya National Arts Theatre ahanyima ya Soyinka aha mazaarwa ge ag'emyaka 90. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Soyinka akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju 1934 omuri Ake, Abeokuta, Nigeria omu ka y'Abakristaayo ey'obuzaare bw'Abayoruba. Akaba ari owa kabiri omu baana mushanju[a] ba Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, omuheereza w'Abakuristayo kandi mukuru w'eishomero kuruga omu ruganda rw'obugabe orwa Isara-Remo[<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1988 Gibbs 1988], pp.&#x20;526.</ref> hamwe na Grace Soyinka (née Jenkins-Harrison), omushubuuzi kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe kuruga omu ruganda rwa Ransome-Kuti.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFMaduakor1986 Maduakor 1986], pp.&#x20;227.</ref> Nyina Grace hamwe n'ab'eka ye, aba Ransome-Kutis, bakaba bari ab'eka y'amaani omuri Nigeria<ref>Staff writer (9 May 2014). "[https://businessday.ng/family-and-relationships/article/great-dynasties-the-ransome-kutis/ Great Dynasties:The Ransome-Kutis]". ''[[:en:BusinessDay_(Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> abarikugambwaho nk'ekigarukwamu kya Nigeria aha ka ya Kennedy omuri United States. Owaabatandikireho, omusesorodooti w'Abakuristaayo J. J. Ransome-Kuti, akaba ari omuntu w'okubanza omu ihanga rye omu by'okushohoza ebyeshongoro omu myaka ya 1920.<ref>Sansom, Ian. "[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/11/fela-kuti-great-dynasties-ian-sansom Great Dynasties: The Ransome-Kutis]". ''theguardian.com''. Retrieved 17 January 2026.</ref> Kuruga 1940 kuhistya 1946, Soyinka akaba naashoma aha St. Peters Primary School, ahu ishe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eishomero.<ref>"[https://guardian.ng/art/genius-of-the-unconventional-and-the-patterning-of-dualities-wole-soyinkas-early-childhood-part-3/ Genius of the unconventional and the patterning of dualities: Wole Soyinka's early childhood]". ''T[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|he Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akashomera siniya ye Abeokuta Grammar School kandi okushoma kwe okw'okweteekateekyera Yunivasite aha Government College, Ibadan kuruga 1946 kuhisya 1951.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/soyinka-wole-1934/ Wole Soyinka (1934- )]". ''[[:en:BlackPast.org|BlackPast.org]]''. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akaheebwa omwanya omu University College Ibadan, ahu yaashomire ebyahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza, Orugriika, hamwe n'ebyafaayo by'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kuruga 1952 kuhisya 1954.<ref name=":1">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola 2021], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Omu myaka ye y'ahamuheru omu yunivasite, akahandiika omuzaano mugufu aha reediyo, Keffi's Birthday Treat, ogwashohwire omu Kwamushanju 1954 kuruga omu kitongore kya Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1980 Gibbs 1980], p.&#x20;21.</ref> Hamwe n'abeegi bagyenzi be otwariiremu Olumuyiwa Awẹ, Ralph Opara, Aig-Imoukhuede, na Pius Olegbe, akatandikaho ekibiina ekirikwetwa National Association of Seadogs, ekibiina ky'okubanza omuri Nigeria.<ref name=":1" /> Soyinka akafuruka kuruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza omuri 1954 kugumizamu n'emishomo ye omu byahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza aha Yunivasite ya Leeds arikureebererwa G. Wilson Knight.<ref>''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFEncyclopedia_Britannica2024 Encyclopedia Britannica]'' 2024.</ref> Okusharamu kw'okushoma aheeru y'eihanga omu bwire obwo obu okushoma diguri ya kabiri kyabaire kitarikubaho omuri Ibadan kikaba kiri kurabira omuri Joyce M. Green, omukazi Omungyereza owaizire omu University College, Ibadan kuruga Cambridge omuri 1950, kandi owaabaire ari omwe aha beegyesa ba Soyinka kandi owaabaire amuhaire ekihandiiko kirungi eky'okumugambaho omuri Leeds.<ref>Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi (28 July 2019). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/soyinkas-early-romance-with-england-1954-1959-a-cold-chapter-for-an-anti-form-rebel-part-1/ Soyinka's early romance with England 1954-1959: A cold chapter for an anti-form rebel]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 8 January 2026.</ref> Aha yunivasite ya Leeds, akaheereza nk'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka yunivasite akarikushetsya, The Eagle, omuri ako yaahandiika ekicweka aha magara g'eby'okushoma. Omu Kwamunaana 1955, akatandika kukwata ebyeshongoro aha BBC Lecture kandi yaahandiika ebitebyo bigufu nyingi. Omuri 1957, akasingura empaka z'okugamba ezirikubaho buri mwaka ezirikuteebwaho Yunivasite.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFLindfors1974 Lindfors 1974], pp.&#x20;471–486.</ref> == Emirimo == === 1957–1967: Omurimo gwe gw'okubanza === Soyinka akaguma omuri Leeds bwanyima y'okutunga diguri ye eya BA honours omu Rungyereza omuri 1957.<ref name=":2" /> Omu 1957, akatandika kuhandiika emizaano ye ey'okubanza, ''Swamp Dwellers'' na ''The Lion and the Jewel''. Soyinka akaza London kandi yaakora nk'omushomi w'emizaano aha Royal Court Theatre. Akebembera ekibiina kya Nigerian Drama Group ekyakozire The Swamp Dwellers omuri 1958. Omu bwire obwo, emizaano ye ebiri ekazaanwa omuri Ibadan, Nigeria. Omuri 1957, omuzaano gwe, The Invention, gukashohozibwa aha Royal Court Theatre omuri London, kandi gukaba guri omurimo gwe gw'okubanza aha.<ref>"Wole Soyinka". ''African Biography''. Detroit, MI: Gale (published 2 December 2006). 1999. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-2823-9|978-0-7876-2823-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akahandiika ebyevugo, otwariiremu "''The Immigrant''" hamwe na "''My Next Door Neighbour''", ebyareebekire omuri Black Orpheus. Omuri 1959, Soyinka akagaruka Nigeria bwanyima y'okutunga obuhwezi bwa Rockefeller Research Fellowship ahabw'okucondooza kwe aha by'emizaano ya Afirika. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe omwaka nigwo gumwe, akaza omu mwanya gwa Janheinz Jahn nk'omwe ahabahandiiki babiri bakuru ba Black Orpheus.<ref>Jacobs, Alan. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/trials-brother-jero The Trials Of Brother Jero]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu 1960, akamara omuzaano gwe ogwa reediyo Camwood on the Leaves, kandi n'omuzaano gwe ''The Trials of Brother Jero'' gukatongozibwa omu Mellanby Hall residence of University College Ibadan omu Kwakana 1960. Akakora ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Mask omu myaka ya 1960. Omuzaano gwe ogwa A Dance of The Forest, gukatongozibwa nk'omuzaano gw'eizooba ry'okwetegyeka kwa Nigeria, kandi ebiro 1 Okwaikumi 1960, gukatongozibwa omuri Lagos.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[[:en:BlackPast.org|Wole Soyinka (1934- )". ''BlackPast.org'']]. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Omuzaano gwa Soyinka ogw'okubanza ogurikwetwa My Father's Burden, gukaba nigwebemberwa Olusegun Olusola kandi gukaba nigworekwa aha Western Nigeria Television ebiro 6 Okwamunaana 1960.<ref>Uzoatu, Uzor Maxim (5 October 2013). "[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/146108-essential-soyinka-timeline-uzor-maxim-uzoatu.html The Essential Soyinka Timeline]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref> Omu 1962, Soyinka akahandiika ebihandiiko birikurwanirira okushoma n'okuhandiika omuri Nigeria omu bwire obwo otwariiremu "Death of the King's Horsemen" hamwe na "Towards a True Theater", ebyashohoziibwe omu Transition Magazine.<ref>Amayi, Zakayo (22 June 2013). "[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/standard-entertainment/article/2000086475/soyinkas-grumpy-battles-to-defend-literary-legacy Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's grumpy battles to defend literary legacy]". Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa aha Obafemi Awolowo University omuri Ifẹ. Omu 1963, firimu ye y'okubanza, Culture in Transition, ekashohozibwa. Soyinka akarekura omurimo gwe aha Yunivasite omuri 1964, nk'okwesharinga ahabw'emitwarize y'okushagika gavumenti eyateirweho ab'obushoborozi. Akagira ngu ab'obushoborozi omu yunivasite bakakwatanisa eitendekyero n'obutegyeki bwa Samuel Ladoke Akintola obwabaire butarikukundwa. Omu bwire obwo, akakora The Lion and the Jewel<ref>"[https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/critical-responses-to-african-theatre-wole-soyinkas-the-lion-and-the-jewel-by-professor-martin-banham/ Critical Responses to African Theatre: Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel by Professor Martin Banham | Black Plays Archive]". ''www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> omu siizoni y'emizaano omu Rungyereza na Yoruba hamwe n'okutandikaho The Orisun Theatre Company, guruupu ya theatre. Omu 1965, akakora omuzaano gwa gurikujumirira emitwarize mibi omungyeru erikushestya, ''Before the Blackout''.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/african-theatre-soyinka/ Review of African Theatre Soyinka: Blackout, Blowout and Beyond | Centre for African Studies (LUCAS)]". ''lucas.leeds.ac.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuzano gwe, Kongi's Harvest, gukatandika omu Kwamunaana omuri Lagos. Ebiro 14 September 1965, omuzaano gwe The Road gukatandika kworekwa omuri London aha Commonwealth Arts Festival hamwe na Theatre Royal Stratford East. Soyinka akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa mukuru aha Yunivasite ya Lagos. Juba, ekitabo kye ekisya The Interpreters kikashohozibwa André Deutsch omuri London. Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akakomwa omurundi gw'okubanza, yaajunaanwa okukwata reediyo aha mbundu akahindura akatambi k'ebigambo by'enganzi y'ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba n'akatambi akarikujunaana okwiba akaruuru. Akarekurwa bwanyima y'ameezi agamwe g'okukomwa ahabw'okwesharinga kw'abantu b'ensi yoona abahandiiki. Akahandiika n'ekitabo The Detainee, omuzaano gwa reediyo ogwashohozibwe BBC omuri London.<ref>Ezugwu, Obinna (19 July 2021). "[https://hallmarknews.com/salute-to-kongi-at-87/ Salute To Kongi At 87]". ''hallmarknews.com''. Retrieved 13 August 2022.</ref> === 1966–1968: Orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria === Bwanyima y'okuba Mukuru w'ekibiina ky'emizaano aha Yunivasite ya Ibadan, Soyinka akatandika kwejumba omu by'obutegyeki. Bwanyima y'amahe okuhamba obutegyeki omu kwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1966, akabugana omu kihama Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, gavana w'amahe ow'amashuuma g'oburugwa izooba bwa Nigeria omu kugyezaho okuzibira orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria.<ref>"[https://howng.com/professor-wole-soyinka-full-biographylife-and-news/ Professor Wole Soyinka Full Biography, Life And News]". ''howng.com''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Akaza n'omuri Ẹnugu, ahu yabugaine mugyenzi we Omuyoruba, Victor Banjọ, orikukora na gavumenti ya Biafra. Soyinka, owaashabire obushagiki bw'abeebembezi b'amahe omu kicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, akahitsya obutumwa bwa Banjo ahari Lieutenant Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo, owaabaire atoorainwe nk'omuduumizi w'amahe g'omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba. Omumwebazyo gw'akana, Soyinka agarukire omu mahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, amahe ga Biafra gakatahirira ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Bwanyima y'okutwara oburengyerwa-izooba, Soyinka akabugana Obasanjo kumugambira ekigyendererwa ky'Ababiafra ahabwokuba Obasanjo akaba yaacwiremu kwegaita aha gavumenti ya Nigeria. Kwonka okutahirira kwa Biafra ahagati yóburegyerwa eizooba kikarugamu okuhoorera okwakozirwe amahe ga gavumenti eya federo, kandi orutaro rw'omunda rukatandika. Obasanjo akashoboorora gavumenti ya Nigeria orukiiko rwe na Soyinka, yarangirira Soyinka nk'omuheekyera, n'ahabw'ekyo akakwatwa ab'obushoborozi bwa federo kandi yaakomwa kumara emyezi 22.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/07/27/wole.soyinka/index.html Wole Soyinka: Nigeria's Nobel Laureate]". ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. 1 August 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2026.</ref> Akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi n'byevugo arikujuumirira gavumenti ya Nigeria obu yaabaire ari omu kihome.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (2006), ''You Must Set Forth at Dawn'', p. 6.</ref> Omu kutandika kwa 1967, ebihandiiko bye Kongi’s Harvest na Idanre and Other Poems bikashohozibwa.<ref>"[https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/engp06/chapter/wole-soyinka-kongis-harvest/ Wole Soyinka, Kongi's Harvest – African & Caribbean Writing in English]". ''ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Ari na Tom Stoppard, akatunga ekirabo kya John Whiting omuri London. Akatooranwa kuba mukuru w'eishomero rya Drama, Yunivasite ya Ibadan kwonka akaremwa kutwara entebe egyo ahabw'okubohwa omu kwezi kwa munaana. N'obu araabe yaabaire ari omu kihome, omuzaano gwe ogurikwetwa The Lion and The Jewel gukagumizamu gwashohozibwa omuri Accra, Ghana omu Kwamwenda 1967. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Strong Breed bikashohozibwa aba Off-Broadway omu Greenwich Mews Theatre omuri New York City. Omuri 1968, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Jock Campbell-New Statesman Award. Ekibiina kya Negro Ensemble Company kikashohoza Kongi's Harvest aha St. Mark's Theatre, New York.<ref>"[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,838330,00.html Theater: Kongi's Harvest]". ''Time''. 26 April 1968. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X 0040-781X]. Retrieved 7 May 2022.</ref> Akavunuura D. O. Fagunwa's Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irunmale kuruga omu rurimi rwa Yoruba kuza omu Rungyereza. Kikashohozibwa nka The Forest of a Thousand Demons: A Hunter's Saga. === Okurekurwa n'okushohoza ebitabo. === Omu Okwaikumi 1969, emyezi mikye erikuburayo orutaro rw'omunda rukahwa, okusaasira kukarangirirwa, Soyinka hamwe n'abandi basibe b'eby'obutegyeki barekurwa.<ref>PEN America (16 April 2012). "[https://pen.org/case-histories-wole-soyinka/ Case Histories: Wole Soyinka]". ''PEN America''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omu myezi mikye y'okubanza bwanyima y'okurekurwa kwe, Soyinka akaguma aha faamu ya munywani we omu mashuuma ga Bufaransa, ahu yaasherwire kuhuumuraho wenka. Akahandiika The Bacchae of Euripides (1969), ekihandiiko kihindwiremu kushushana enfumu ya Pentheus.<ref name=":3">Killam and Rowe (eds), ''The Companion to African Literature'' (2000), p. 276.</ref> Kandi akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebyevugo omuri London, kikwetwa Poems from Prison. Aha muheru gw'omwaka, akagaruka omu ofiisi ye nk'orikukurira eby'emizaano omuri Ibadan.<ref name=":5">"[https://dailytrust.com/things-to-know-about-prof-wole-soyinka-at-89/ Things To Know About Prof Wole Soyinka At 89]". ''[[:en:Daily_Trust|Daily Trust]]''. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omu 1970, akashohoza omuzaano Kongi's Harvest, kandi omu bwire bumwe akaguhindura nk'omuzaano gwa firimu gw'eiziina niryo rimwe, Kongi's Harvest. Omu Kwamukaaga 1970, akamara omuzaano ogundi, ogurikwetwa Madmen and Specialists.<ref>Ajeluorou, Anote (25 July 2015). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/periscoping-a-senseless-war-in-madmen-and-specialists/ Periscoping A Senseless War In Madmen And Specialists]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</ref> Arikukoragana n'ekibiina ky'abazaani 15 ba Ibadan University Theatre Art Company, akagyenda United States, kureeba Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center omuri Waterford, Connecticut, ahu omuzaano gwe oguyabaire ahererukurieyo kuhandiika gwayorekirwe omurundi gwokubanza.[citation needed] Omu 1971, ekitabo kye ky'ebyevugo ekya A Shuttle in the Crypt kikashohozibwa. Madmen and Specialists kikashohozibwa omuri Ibadan omwaka ogwo.<ref>Lee, Christopher J. (25 March 2020). "[http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/reading-wole-soyinka-s-madmen-and-specialists-time-pandemic Reading Wole Soyinka's 'Madmen and Specialists' in a Time of Pandemic]". ''Warscapes''.</ref> Omu Kwakana 1971, ahabw'okwerarikirira aha mbeera y'eby'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria, Soyinka akarekura emirimo ye aha Yunivasite omuri Ibadan, kandi yaatandika emyaka mingi ayetwaire omubuzaahe. kuza omu buzaahe.<ref name=":6">Adegbamigbe, Ademola (13 July 2019). "[https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/07/13/soyinka-at-85-why-i-detained-him-for-2-years-during-civil-war-yakubu-gowon/ Soyinka at 85: 'Why I Detained Him for 2 Years During the Civil War' - Yakubu Gowon]". ''The NEWS''. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</ref> Soyinka akagyenda omuri Paris, Bufaransa, kutwara omurimo gw'okuzaana nka Patrice Lumumba, mukuru w'eihanga w'okubanza rya Repubulika ya Kongo owaisirwe, omu muzaano ogwashohozibwe Joan Littlewood omu kwakataano 1971 ogurikwetwa Murderous Angels, omuzaano gwa Conor Cruise O'Brien ogwabaire nigukwata aha buremeezi bwa Kongo.<ref name=":4">Gibbs, James. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/soyinka-wole-13-july-1934 Soyinka, Wole 1934–]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 September 2021. (Updated by [[:en:Tanure_Ojaide|Tanure Ojaide]].)</ref><ref>[[:en:Biodun_Jeyifo|Jeyifo, Biodun]] (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nwhlgrVqvYkC&q=%22Murderous+Angels%22%3D&pg=PR27 Chronology]". ''Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, and Postcolonialism''. Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;xxvii. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139439084|9781139439084]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri Paris, ebicweka kuruga omu muzaano gwa Soyinka ogurikumanywa munonga The Dance of The Forests bikazaanwa.<ref>Adenekan, Sulaiman (2016). "[https://www.tradenewswire.net/the-pride-of-africa-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-clocks-85-years-serving-humanity-poetically/ The Pride of Africa: Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka clocks 85 years serving humanity poeticall]y". ''Trade Newswire''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Omu 1972, ekitabo kye Season of Anomy hamwe na Collected Plays byona bikashohozibwa Oxford University Press. Ekihandiiko kye ky'ebirikumukwataho ekya The Man Died, ekirikurundaana ebi yaahandiikire omu kihome, nakyo kikashohozibwa omwaka ogwo.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/biographical/ Wole Soyinka | Biographical]", The Nobel Prize, 1986.</ref> Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Honoris Causa doctorate kuruga omu Yunivasite ya Leeds omuri 1973.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/honorary-degree/ Honorary Degree]", Leeds ''African Studies Bulletin'' 19 (November 1973), pp. 1–2. [Professor Soyinka receiving the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from the Chancellor, HRH the Duchess of Kent, on Thursday 17 May 1973 – image from 'Nobel Prize for Leeds Graduate', ''The Reporter'' (the University of Leeds), 258, 24 October 1986.]</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, National Theatre, London, ekashaba kandi yaatongoza omuzaano The Bacchae of Euripides,<ref name=":3" /> kandi emizaano ye Camwood on the Leaves na Jero's Metamorphosis nayo ekaba eri ey'okubanza kushohozibwa. Akamara omwaka gumwe nk'omugyenyi aha Churchill College, Cambridge<ref>Gumbel, Andrew (3 November 2005). "[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/03/theatre3 Wole Soyinka on how he came to write Death and the King's Horseman]". ''The Guardian''.</ref> (1973–74)<ref name=":4" /> kandi yaahandiika Death and the King's Horseman, ekyashomirwe omurundi gw'okubanza aha Churchill College.<ref name=":5" /> Omu 1974, Oxford University Press ekashohoza Soyinka's Collected Plays, Volume II. Akateeraho hamwe ekitabo kya 1975 Poems of Black Africa, ekyashohoziibwe nka kimwe ahakicweka kya Heinemann African Writers Series.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JtqywAEACAAJ Poems of Black Africa]'', Heinemann African Writers Series, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]. <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780435901714|9780435901714]]</bdi>.</ref> Kandi omuri 1975, Soyinka akakuzibwa yaaza aha ntebe y'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka Transition Magazine, akaabaire nikashangwa omu kibuga ekikuru ekya Ghana ekya Accra, ahu yaafurukiire.<ref name=":6" /> Akakoresa ebihandiiko bye omu magaziini kujumirira abo abarikusaasibwa munonga abairaguju (nk'eky'okureeberaho, ekicweka kye "Neo-Tarzanism: Eby'obutegyeki obwa Pseudo-Transition) hamwe n'obutegyeki bw'amahe. Akeesharinga ahabw'obutegyeki bw'amahe obwa Idi Amin omu Uganda. Bwanyima y'empindahinduka omu by'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria hamwe n'okuhenda gavumenti y'amahe eya Gowon omuri 1975, Soyinka akagaruka omu ihanga rye kandi yaagaruka omu mwanya gwe nka mukuru w'okugyeragyeranisa ebyahandiikirwe. omu Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref name=":6" /> === Okushomesa === Kuruga 1975 kuhisya 1999, Soyinka akaheereza nka Purofeesa w'ebitabo ebirikugyeragyeranisibwa aha Obafemi Awolowo University.<ref>Odinaka (31 July 2018). "[https://www.tori.ng/news/102835/the-house-prof-soyinka-lived-in-during-oau-days-tu.html The House Prof. Soyinka Lived In During OAU Days, Turned Into A Campus Museum (Photos)]". ''Tori.ng''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Amerika, akeegyesa aha Cornell University nk'omuhangu wa Goldwin Smith omu kwega aha Afirika hamwe n'eby'emizaano kuruga 1988 kuhisya 1991. Aha Yunivasite ya Emory, akatooranwa nka Robert W. Woodruff Purofeesa w'eby'emikono omuri 1996 kandi atwire ari Purofeesa w'okuhandiika omu Yunivasite ya Nevada, Las Vegas. Soyinka akaheereza scholar-in-residence omu Institute of African American Affairs eya New York University hamwe na Loyola Marymount University omuri Los Angeles, California. Akegyesa n'aha Yunivasite za Cambridge, Oxford, Harvard na Yale. Akaba ari omwegi w'amaani omu kutuura aha Yunivasite ya Duke omuri 2008.<ref>"[https://alumni.duke.edu/magazine/articles/soyinka-stage Soyinka on Stage | Nobel laureate works with student production of his play]". ''Duke Magazine''. No.&#x20;January–February 2011. 31 January 2011. Retrieved 18 April 2021.</ref> Omu Kwaikumi na kubiri 2017, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Europe Theatre Prize omu kicweka kya "Special Prize" category,<ref>Ajibade, Kunle (12 December 2017). "[https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2017/12/12/wole-soyinka-wins-europe-theatre-prize/ Wole Soyinka Wins The Europe Theatre Prize]". ''[[:en:P.M._News|P.M. News]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref><ref>"[https://www.concisenews.global/news/soyinka-wins-2017-the-europe-theatre-prize/ Soyinka Wins 2017 Europe Theatre Prize]". ''Concise News''. 15 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> ekyahairwe omuntu owaabaire "aine ekyayongyeireho omu kuhikiiriza emikoro y'eby'obuhangwa erikureetaho okwetegyereza n'okubagana amagyezi ahagati y'abantu".<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20171225034855/http://www.jamesmurua.com/wole-soyinka-to-receive-europe-theatre-prize-2017/ Wole Soyinka to receive Europe Theatre Prize 2017]". ''James Murua's Literature Blog''. 14 December 2017. Archived from the original on 25 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> Ebiro 1 September 2022, Soyinka akatwara entebe y'okuba Purofeesa w'eby'emizaano aha New York University Abu Dhabi.<ref>"[https://www.wam.ae/en/article/hszrfcet-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-joins-nyu-abu-dhabi Nobel laureate Wole Soyinka joins NYU Abu Dhabi faculty]". Emirates News Agency-WAM. 23 August 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref><ref>"[https://nyuad.nyu.edu/en/academics/divisions/arts-and-humanities/faculty/wole-soyinka.html Wole Soyinka | Arts Professor of Theater]". ''nyuad.nyu.edu''. New York University Abu Dhabi. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref> Omu 1976, akashohoza ekitabo kye ky'ebitebyo Ogun Abibiman, hamwe n'ekitabo ky'ebihandiiko ekiine omutwe Myth, Literature and the African World.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/facts/ The Nobel Prize in Literature 1986]". ''NobelPrize.org''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omuri ebi, Soyinka naashwijuma oburugo bw'oburagwa omu katemba ka Afirika kandi, arikukoresa eby'okureeberaho kuruga omuri Buraaya na Afirika, naagyeragyeranisa kandi akashoboorora eby'obuhangwa. Akaha orubazo rw'omutaano aha itendekyero ry'okushwijuma Afirika aha Yunivasite ya Ghana omuri Legon. Omu Okwaikumi 1976, envunuura ya Bufaransa eya The Dance of The Forests<ref>"[https://abjournals.org/ajchrt/papers/volume-8/issue-1/ghost-dirge-and-the-forest-dance-in-soyinkas-metathysical-play-a-dance-of-the-forests/ Ghost, Dirge and the Forest Dance in Soyinka's Metaphysical Play "A Dance of the Forests]". ''African Journal of Culture, History, Religion and Traditions (AJCHRT)''. 24 November 2024. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> ekazaanwa omuri Dakar. Omu 1977, Opera Wọnyọsi, okuhindura kwe okw'omuzzano gwa Bertolt Brecht, T''he Threepenny Opera'', gukazaanira omuri Ibadan. Omu 1979, Soyinka akebembera kandi yazaana omu muzaano gwa Jon Blair na Norman Fenton ogurikwetwa The Biko Inquest, omzaano ogurikwegamira aha magara ga Steve Biko, omwegi wa South Africa kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe bw'abantu owaateirwe akafa ahabwa pooriisi y'omuri South Africa eyabaire neekuratira engyenderwaho y'okushoroora omu bantu.<ref name=":4" /> Omu 1981 Soyinka akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebirikumukwataho Aké: The Years of Childhood, ekyasingire ekirabo kya 1983 Anisfield-Wolf Book Award.<ref>"[https://www.anisfield-wolf.org/winners/ake-the-years-of-childhood/ Winners: 1983 Nonfiction – Ake]". ''Anisfield-Wolf Book Awards''. Retrieved 9 April 2021.</ref> Soyinka akagumizamu yaatandikaho ekibiina ekindi eky'emizaano, ekya Guerrilla Unit, ekyasherwire kwejumba butunu n'abantu b'omubyaro. Ekigyendererwa kyayo kikaba kiri okubahwera kuteekateeka aha buremeezi bwabo n'okuha eiraka okwetomboitwa kwabo kurabira omu kukora emizaano migufu. Omu 1983, omuzaano gwe Requiem for a Futurologist gukaba guri omuzaano gwagwo gw'okubanza aha Yunivasite ya Ife. Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omwaka ogwo, emwe aha purogyekiti ze z'ebyeshongoro, ekitongore kya Unlimited Liability Company, kikashohoza akatambi k'okweshongora akarikwetwa I Love My Country, ahu abeeshongozi ba Nigeria abarikumanywa baazaaniire ebyeshongoro ebyahandiikirwe Soyinka. Omu 1984, akakora firimu Blues for a Prodigal, eyayorekirwe aha Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref>Gibbs, James (1985). "[https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/03064228508533902 Wole Soyinka's film banned]". ''[[:en:Index_on_Censorship|Index on Censorship]]''. '''14''' (3): 41. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1080/03064228508533902|10.1080/03064228508533902]]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:220929276 220929276] &#x2013; via [[:en:SAGE_Publishing|SAGE Publishing]].</ref> A Play of Giants ekorekwa omwaka nigwo gumwe.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (1984). ''[https://books.google.com.ng/books/about/A_Play_of_Giants.html?id=H3NuQgAACAAJ&redir_esc=y A Play of Giants]''. Methuen. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-413-55290-7|978-0-413-55290-7]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu myaka 1975–84, Soyinka akaba aine amaani omu by'obutegyeki. Aha Yunivasite ya Ife, emirimo ye y'obwebembezi ekaba erimu eby'okwerinda enguuto za gavumenti. Akajumirira obushomankuzi omu gavumenti ya purezidenti Shehu Shagari owaabaire atoorainwe abantu. Shagari ku yaahindwirwe omukuru w'amahe Muhammadu Buhari, Soyinka akaba ari aha rubaju rubi rw'amahe. Omu 1984, kooti emwe omuri Nigeria ekazibira ekitabo kye ekya 1972 The Man Died: Prison Notes.<ref>Gibbs (1986). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=xkJdDwAAQBAJ&q=%22the+man+died%22+soyinka+banned+1984&pg=PA17 Wole Soyinka]''. Macmillan. pp.&#x20;16–17. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781349182091|9781349182091]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu 1985, omuzaano gwe Requiem for a Futurologist gukashohozibwa omuri aba Rex Collings omuri London.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (1985). ''[https://catalogue.nla.gov.au/Record/106708/Details? Requiem for a futurologist]''. London: Rex Collings. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-86036-207-4|978-0-86036-207-4]]</bdi>.</ref> === 1986: Okuhangura ekirabo kya Nobel Prize === Soyinka akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel Prize for Literature omuri 1986,<ref>"[http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/1986/soyinka.html The Nobel Prize in Literature 1986 | Wole Soyinka]", Nobelprize.org, 23 August 2010.</ref><ref>"[http://www.postcolonialweb.org/soyinka/soyinkatl.html Wole Soyinka: A Chronology]". ''African Postcolonial Literature in English''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> yaahinduka Omufirika w'okubanza kuhangura ekirabo ekyo. == Reeba n'aba == == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == 4i4il2nwk8l4o2xtbcvzpr01sy31ssh 7256416 7256414 2026-07-20T10:27:28Z Rooth N 2608660 7256416 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q41488}} [[Category:Wp/nyn]] '''Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka'''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola] 2021, p.&#x20;34.</ref>''', a'''kazaarwa 13 Okwamushanju 1934) n'omuhandiiki Omunigeria, w'emizaano, kandi omuhandiiki w'ebitabo. Akahandiika ebitabo bishatu, by'ebitabo by'emigane mikye eikumi, ebitabo mushanju by'ebyevugo, ebitabo by'emizaano abiri na bitaano, hamwe n'ebitabo bitaano by'ebirikumukwataho.<ref name=":2">Gibbs, James (1986). ''Wole Soyinka''. Basingstoke: [[:en:Macmillan_Publishers|Macmillan]]. p.&#x20;3. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780333305287|9780333305287]]</bdi>.</ref> Ahandiikire ebitabo bibiri ebivunwirwe hamwe n'ebicweka bingi hamwe n'ebitebyo bikye bikye by'okuhandiikisa empapura z'amakuru hamwe n'ebitabo by'obwire bukye. Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel eky'omwaka 1986 omu by'obuhangwa ahabw'okugira ngu akaba naashwijuma "ebintu bingi ebirikukwata aha buhangwa hamwe n'orurimi rw'okwevuga ahabirikukwata aha kubaho kw'abantu".<ref>Abdullahi, Idowu (11 October 2024). "[https://punchng.com/nobel-laureate-award-exposed-me-to-danger-wole-soyinka/ Nobel Laureate award exposed me to danger]". ''[[:en:The_Punch|The Punch]]''. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Akazaarwa omu ka y'Abakurisitaayo Abayoruba omuri Aké, Abeokuta.<ref>"[https://dawncommission.org/professor-wole-soyinka/ Professor Wole Soyinka – DAWN Commission]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref><ref name=":0">"[https://wolesoyinkalecture.org/about-wole-soyinka-2/ About Wole Soyinka]". ''Wole Soyinka Lecture Series''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Soyinka akatunga obwegyese obw'okumutebeekanisa aha Government College, Ibadan kandi yaagyenda aha University College Ibadan. Omu bwire bw'obwegyese bwe, akatandikaho ekibiina kya Pyrate Confraternity.<ref name=":0" /> Soyinka akaruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza kwega aha Yunivasite ya Leeds. Omu bwire obwo, niwe yaabaire ari omuhandiiki w'akatabo ka yunivasite, The Eagle, atakabaire muhandiiki ow'obutwire omu myaka ya 1950.<ref>"[https://www.narrativelandscape.com/product_author/wole-soyinka/ Wole Soyinka – Narrative Landscape Press]". Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Bungyereza, akatandika kuhandiika ebitebyo bigufu n'okukora ebihandiiko aha BBC Lecture series. Akahandiika emizaano mingi eyazaanairwe aha reediyo hamwe n'omu myanya y'emizaano omuri Nigeria hamwe na Bungyereza, okukira munonga Royal Court Theatre.<ref>"[https://livingarchive.royalcourttheatre.com/black-plays-1960s/ Black Plays 1960s]". ''Royal Court - Living Archive''. Retrieved 18 February 2026.</ref> Ebitabo bya Soyinka bingi hamwe n'emizaano ye, nibiteebwaho omuri Nigeria, ekirikworeka ebyafaayo by'eihanga eryo, eby'obuhangwa, hamwe n'oburemeezi bw'eby'obutegyeki. Oyihireho emirimo egi, akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi ebirikujumiirira emitwarize mibi y'abantu omungyeri erikushetsya. Ebihandiiko ebi bikajanjaara omu bantu baingi kandi byakundwa munonga. Atungire obusinguzi n'emizaano ye, otwariiremu The Swamp Dwellers (1958), The Lion and the Jewel (1959), na The Invention (1957), omuzaano gumwe ahayabandize, ogwakoriirwe aha Royal Court Theatre. Soyinka ahandiikire ebitabo bingi, otwariiremu The Interpreters (1965), Season of Anomy (1973), Death and the King's Horseman, Chronicles from the Land of the Happiest People on Earth (2021), na Harmattan Haze on an African Spring (2012). Omu Kwamushanju 2024, Bola Tinubu akahindura eiziina ry'ekishengye ky'emizaano ekya National Arts Theatre ahanyima ya Soyinka aha mazaarwa ge ag'emyaka 90. == Obuto bwe n'obwegyese == Soyinka akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju 1934 omuri Ake, Abeokuta, Nigeria omu ka y'Abakristaayo ey'obuzaare bw'Abayoruba. Akaba ari owa kabiri omu baana mushanju[a] ba Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, omuheereza w'Abakuristayo kandi mukuru w'eishomero kuruga omu ruganda rw'obugabe orwa Isara-Remo[<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1988 Gibbs 1988], pp.&#x20;526.</ref> hamwe na Grace Soyinka (née Jenkins-Harrison), omushubuuzi kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe kuruga omu ruganda rwa Ransome-Kuti.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFMaduakor1986 Maduakor 1986], pp.&#x20;227.</ref> Nyina Grace hamwe n'ab'eka ye, aba Ransome-Kutis, bakaba bari ab'eka y'amaani omuri Nigeria<ref>Staff writer (9 May 2014). "[https://businessday.ng/family-and-relationships/article/great-dynasties-the-ransome-kutis/ Great Dynasties:The Ransome-Kutis]". ''[[:en:BusinessDay_(Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> abarikugambwaho nk'ekigarukwamu kya Nigeria aha ka ya Kennedy omuri United States. Owaabatandikireho, omusesorodooti w'Abakuristaayo J. J. Ransome-Kuti, akaba ari omuntu w'okubanza omu ihanga rye omu by'okushohoza ebyeshongoro omu myaka ya 1920.<ref>Sansom, Ian. "[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/11/fela-kuti-great-dynasties-ian-sansom Great Dynasties: The Ransome-Kutis]". ''theguardian.com''. Retrieved 17 January 2026.</ref> Kuruga 1940 kuhistya 1946, Soyinka akaba naashoma aha St. Peters Primary School, ahu ishe yaabaire ari mukuru w'eishomero.<ref>"[https://guardian.ng/art/genius-of-the-unconventional-and-the-patterning-of-dualities-wole-soyinkas-early-childhood-part-3/ Genius of the unconventional and the patterning of dualities: Wole Soyinka's early childhood]". ''T[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|he Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akashomera siniya ye Abeokuta Grammar School kandi okushoma kwe okw'okweteekateekyera Yunivasite aha Government College, Ibadan kuruga 1946 kuhisya 1951.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/soyinka-wole-1934/ Wole Soyinka (1934- )]". ''[[:en:BlackPast.org|BlackPast.org]]''. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Akaheebwa omwanya omu University College Ibadan, ahu yaashomire ebyahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza, Orugriika, hamwe n'ebyafaayo by'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kuruga 1952 kuhisya 1954.<ref name=":1">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFDaudaFalola2021 Dauda &#x26; Falola 2021], p.&#x20;80.</ref> Omu myaka ye y'ahamuheru omu yunivasite, akahandiika omuzaano mugufu aha reediyo, Keffi's Birthday Treat, ogwashohwire omu Kwamushanju 1954 kuruga omu kitongore kya Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFGibbs1980 Gibbs 1980], p.&#x20;21.</ref> Hamwe n'abeegi bagyenzi be otwariiremu Olumuyiwa Awẹ, Ralph Opara, Aig-Imoukhuede, na Pius Olegbe, akatandikaho ekibiina ekirikwetwa National Association of Seadogs, ekibiina ky'okubanza omuri Nigeria.<ref name=":1" /> Soyinka akafuruka kuruga Nigeria yaaza Bungyereza omuri 1954 kugumizamu n'emishomo ye omu byahandiikirwe omu Rungyereza aha Yunivasite ya Leeds arikureebererwa G. Wilson Knight.<ref>''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFEncyclopedia_Britannica2024 Encyclopedia Britannica]'' 2024.</ref> Okusharamu kw'okushoma aheeru y'eihanga omu bwire obwo obu okushoma diguri ya kabiri kyabaire kitarikubaho omuri Ibadan kikaba kiri kurabira omuri Joyce M. Green, omukazi Omungyereza owaizire omu University College, Ibadan kuruga Cambridge omuri 1950, kandi owaabaire ari omwe aha beegyesa ba Soyinka kandi owaabaire amuhaire ekihandiiko kirungi eky'okumugambaho omuri Leeds.<ref>Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi (28 July 2019). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/soyinkas-early-romance-with-england-1954-1959-a-cold-chapter-for-an-anti-form-rebel-part-1/ Soyinka's early romance with England 1954-1959: A cold chapter for an anti-form rebel]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 8 January 2026.</ref> Aha yunivasite ya Leeds, akaheereza nk'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka yunivasite akarikushetsya, The Eagle, omuri ako yaahandiika ekicweka aha magara g'eby'okushoma. Omu Kwamunaana 1955, akatandika kukwata ebyeshongoro aha BBC Lecture kandi yaahandiika ebitebyo bigufu nyingi. Omuri 1957, akasingura empaka z'okugamba ezirikubaho buri mwaka ezirikuteebwaho Yunivasite.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wole_Soyinka&wvprov=sticky-header#CITEREFLindfors1974 Lindfors 1974], pp.&#x20;471–486.</ref> == Emirimo == === 1957–1967: Omurimo gwe gw'okubanza === Soyinka akaguma omuri Leeds bwanyima y'okutunga diguri ye eya BA honours omu Rungyereza omuri 1957.<ref name=":2" /> Omu 1957, akatandika kuhandiika emizaano ye ey'okubanza, ''Swamp Dwellers'' na ''The Lion and the Jewel''. Soyinka akaza London kandi yaakora nk'omushomi w'emizaano aha Royal Court Theatre. Akebembera ekibiina kya Nigerian Drama Group ekyakozire The Swamp Dwellers omuri 1958. Omu bwire obwo, emizaano ye ebiri ekazaanwa omuri Ibadan, Nigeria. Omuri 1957, omuzaano gwe, The Invention, gukashohozibwa aha Royal Court Theatre omuri London, kandi gukaba guri omurimo gwe gw'okubanza aha.<ref>"Wole Soyinka". ''African Biography''. Detroit, MI: Gale (published 2 December 2006). 1999. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-2823-9|978-0-7876-2823-9]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu bwire obu, akahandiika ebyevugo, otwariiremu "''The Immigrant''" hamwe na "''My Next Door Neighbour''", ebyareebekire omuri Black Orpheus. Omuri 1959, Soyinka akagaruka Nigeria bwanyima y'okutunga obuhwezi bwa Rockefeller Research Fellowship ahabw'okucondooza kwe aha by'emizaano ya Afirika. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe omwaka nigwo gumwe, akaza omu mwanya gwa Janheinz Jahn nk'omwe ahabahandiiki babiri bakuru ba Black Orpheus.<ref>Jacobs, Alan. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/trials-brother-jero The Trials Of Brother Jero]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu 1960, akamara omuzaano gwe ogwa reediyo Camwood on the Leaves, kandi n'omuzaano gwe ''The Trials of Brother Jero'' gukatongozibwa omu Mellanby Hall residence of University College Ibadan omu Kwakana 1960. Akakora ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Mask omu myaka ya 1960. Omuzaano gwe ogwa A Dance of The Forest, gukatongozibwa nk'omuzaano gw'eizooba ry'okwetegyeka kwa Nigeria, kandi ebiro 1 Okwaikumi 1960, gukatongozibwa omuri Lagos.<ref>Snethen, Jessica (11 August 2009). "[[:en:BlackPast.org|Wole Soyinka (1934- )". ''BlackPast.org'']]. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Omuzaano gwa Soyinka ogw'okubanza ogurikwetwa My Father's Burden, gukaba nigwebemberwa Olusegun Olusola kandi gukaba nigworekwa aha Western Nigeria Television ebiro 6 Okwamunaana 1960.<ref>Uzoatu, Uzor Maxim (5 October 2013). "[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/146108-essential-soyinka-timeline-uzor-maxim-uzoatu.html The Essential Soyinka Timeline]". ''[[:en:Premium_Times|Premium Times]]''. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref> Omu 1962, Soyinka akahandiika ebihandiiko birikurwanirira okushoma n'okuhandiika omuri Nigeria omu bwire obwo otwariiremu "Death of the King's Horsemen" hamwe na "Towards a True Theater", ebyashohoziibwe omu Transition Magazine.<ref>Amayi, Zakayo (22 June 2013). "[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/standard-entertainment/article/2000086475/soyinkas-grumpy-battles-to-defend-literary-legacy Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka's grumpy battles to defend literary legacy]". Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa aha Obafemi Awolowo University omuri Ifẹ. Omu 1963, firimu ye y'okubanza, Culture in Transition, ekashohozibwa. Soyinka akarekura omurimo gwe aha Yunivasite omuri 1964, nk'okwesharinga ahabw'emitwarize y'okushagika gavumenti eyateirweho ab'obushoborozi. Akagira ngu ab'obushoborozi omu yunivasite bakakwatanisa eitendekyero n'obutegyeki bwa Samuel Ladoke Akintola obwabaire butarikukundwa. Omu bwire obwo, akakora The Lion and the Jewel<ref>"[https://www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk/critical-responses-to-african-theatre-wole-soyinkas-the-lion-and-the-jewel-by-professor-martin-banham/ Critical Responses to African Theatre: Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel by Professor Martin Banham | Black Plays Archive]". ''www.blackplaysarchive.org.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> omu siizoni y'emizaano omu Rungyereza na Yoruba hamwe n'okutandikaho The Orisun Theatre Company, guruupu ya theatre. Omu 1965, akakora omuzaano gwa gurikujumirira emitwarize mibi omungyeru erikushestya, ''Before the Blackout''.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/african-theatre-soyinka/ Review of African Theatre Soyinka: Blackout, Blowout and Beyond | Centre for African Studies (LUCAS)]". ''lucas.leeds.ac.uk''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuzano gwe, Kongi's Harvest, gukatandika omu Kwamunaana omuri Lagos. Ebiro 14 September 1965, omuzaano gwe The Road gukatandika kworekwa omuri London aha Commonwealth Arts Festival hamwe na Theatre Royal Stratford East. Soyinka akatooranwa nk'omwegyesa mukuru aha Yunivasite ya Lagos. Juba, ekitabo kye ekisya The Interpreters kikashohozibwa André Deutsch omuri London. Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, akakomwa omurundi gw'okubanza, yaajunaanwa okukwata reediyo aha mbundu akahindura akatambi k'ebigambo by'enganzi y'ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba n'akatambi akarikujunaana okwiba akaruuru. Akarekurwa bwanyima y'ameezi agamwe g'okukomwa ahabw'okwesharinga kw'abantu b'ensi yoona abahandiiki. Akahandiika n'ekitabo The Detainee, omuzaano gwa reediyo ogwashohozibwe BBC omuri London.<ref>Ezugwu, Obinna (19 July 2021). "[https://hallmarknews.com/salute-to-kongi-at-87/ Salute To Kongi At 87]". ''hallmarknews.com''. Retrieved 13 August 2022.</ref> === 1966–1968: Orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria === Bwanyima y'okuba Mukuru w'ekibiina ky'emizaano aha Yunivasite ya Ibadan, Soyinka akatandika kwejumba omu by'obutegyeki. Bwanyima y'amahe okuhamba obutegyeki omu kwezi kw'okubanza omu mwaka gwa 1966, akabugana omu kihama Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, gavana w'amahe ow'amashuuma g'oburugwa izooba bwa Nigeria omu kugyezaho okuzibira orutaro rw'omunda omuri Nigeria.<ref>"[https://howng.com/professor-wole-soyinka-full-biographylife-and-news/ Professor Wole Soyinka Full Biography, Life And News]". ''howng.com''. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Akaza n'omuri Ẹnugu, ahu yabugaine mugyenzi we Omuyoruba, Victor Banjọ, orikukora na gavumenti ya Biafra. Soyinka, owaashabire obushagiki bw'abeebembezi b'amahe omu kicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, akahitsya obutumwa bwa Banjo ahari Lieutenant Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo, owaabaire atoorainwe nk'omuduumizi w'amahe g'omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba. Omumwebazyo gw'akana, Soyinka agarukire omu mahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba, amahe ga Biafra gakatahirira ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Bwanyima y'okutwara oburengyerwa-izooba, Soyinka akabugana Obasanjo kumugambira ekigyendererwa ky'Ababiafra ahabwokuba Obasanjo akaba yaacwiremu kwegaita aha gavumenti ya Nigeria. Kwonka okutahirira kwa Biafra ahagati yóburegyerwa eizooba kikarugamu okuhoorera okwakozirwe amahe ga gavumenti eya federo, kandi orutaro rw'omunda rukatandika. Obasanjo akashoboorora gavumenti ya Nigeria orukiiko rwe na Soyinka, yarangirira Soyinka nk'omuheekyera, n'ahabw'ekyo akakwatwa ab'obushoborozi bwa federo kandi yaakomwa kumara emyezi 22.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/07/27/wole.soyinka/index.html Wole Soyinka: Nigeria's Nobel Laureate]". ''[[:en:CNN|CNN]]''. 1 August 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2026.</ref> Akahandiika ebihandiiko bingi n'byevugo arikujuumirira gavumenti ya Nigeria obu yaabaire ari omu kihome.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (2006), ''You Must Set Forth at Dawn'', p. 6.</ref> Omu kutandika kwa 1967, ebihandiiko bye Kongi’s Harvest na Idanre and Other Poems bikashohozibwa.<ref>"[https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/engp06/chapter/wole-soyinka-kongis-harvest/ Wole Soyinka, Kongi's Harvest – African & Caribbean Writing in English]". ''ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Ari na Tom Stoppard, akatunga ekirabo kya John Whiting omuri London. Akatooranwa kuba mukuru w'eishomero rya Drama, Yunivasite ya Ibadan kwonka akaremwa kutwara entebe egyo ahabw'okubohwa omu kwezi kwa munaana. N'obu araabe yaabaire ari omu kihome, omuzaano gwe ogurikwetwa The Lion and The Jewel gukagumizamu gwashohozibwa omuri Accra, Ghana omu Kwamwenda 1967. Omu Kwaikumi na kumwe, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Strong Breed bikashohozibwa aba Off-Broadway omu Greenwich Mews Theatre omuri New York City. Omuri 1968, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Jock Campbell-New Statesman Award. Ekibiina kya Negro Ensemble Company kikashohoza Kongi's Harvest aha St. Mark's Theatre, New York.<ref>"[https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,838330,00.html Theater: Kongi's Harvest]". ''Time''. 26 April 1968. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X 0040-781X]. Retrieved 7 May 2022.</ref> Akavunuura D. O. Fagunwa's Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irunmale kuruga omu rurimi rwa Yoruba kuza omu Rungyereza. Kikashohozibwa nka The Forest of a Thousand Demons: A Hunter's Saga. === Okurekurwa n'okushohoza ebitabo. === Omu Okwaikumi 1969, emyezi mikye erikuburayo orutaro rw'omunda rukahwa, okusaasira kukarangirirwa, Soyinka hamwe n'abandi basibe b'eby'obutegyeki barekurwa.<ref>PEN America (16 April 2012). "[https://pen.org/case-histories-wole-soyinka/ Case Histories: Wole Soyinka]". ''PEN America''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omu myezi mikye y'okubanza bwanyima y'okurekurwa kwe, Soyinka akaguma aha faamu ya munywani we omu mashuuma ga Bufaransa, ahu yaasherwire kuhuumuraho wenka. Akahandiika The Bacchae of Euripides (1969), ekihandiiko kihindwiremu kushushana enfumu ya Pentheus.<ref name=":3">Killam and Rowe (eds), ''The Companion to African Literature'' (2000), p. 276.</ref> Kandi akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebyevugo omuri London, kikwetwa Poems from Prison. Aha muheru gw'omwaka, akagaruka omu ofiisi ye nk'orikukurira eby'emizaano omuri Ibadan.<ref name=":5">"[https://dailytrust.com/things-to-know-about-prof-wole-soyinka-at-89/ Things To Know About Prof Wole Soyinka At 89]". ''[[:en:Daily_Trust|Daily Trust]]''. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omu 1970, akashohoza omuzaano Kongi's Harvest, kandi omu bwire bumwe akaguhindura nk'omuzaano gwa firimu gw'eiziina niryo rimwe, Kongi's Harvest. Omu Kwamukaaga 1970, akamara omuzaano ogundi, ogurikwetwa Madmen and Specialists.<ref>Ajeluorou, Anote (25 July 2015). "[https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/periscoping-a-senseless-war-in-madmen-and-specialists/ Periscoping A Senseless War In Madmen And Specialists]". ''[[:en:The_Guardian_(Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</ref> Arikukoragana n'ekibiina ky'abazaani 15 ba Ibadan University Theatre Art Company, akagyenda United States, kureeba Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center omuri Waterford, Connecticut, ahu omuzaano gwe oguyabaire ahererukurieyo kuhandiika gwayorekirwe omurundi gwokubanza.[citation needed] Omu 1971, ekitabo kye ky'ebyevugo ekya A Shuttle in the Crypt kikashohozibwa. Madmen and Specialists kikashohozibwa omuri Ibadan omwaka ogwo.<ref>Lee, Christopher J. (25 March 2020). "[http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/reading-wole-soyinka-s-madmen-and-specialists-time-pandemic Reading Wole Soyinka's 'Madmen and Specialists' in a Time of Pandemic]". ''Warscapes''.</ref> Omu Kwakana 1971, ahabw'okwerarikirira aha mbeera y'eby'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria, Soyinka akarekura emirimo ye aha Yunivasite omuri Ibadan, kandi yaatandika emyaka mingi ayetwaire omubuzaahe. kuza omu buzaahe.<ref name=":6">Adegbamigbe, Ademola (13 July 2019). "[https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/07/13/soyinka-at-85-why-i-detained-him-for-2-years-during-civil-war-yakubu-gowon/ Soyinka at 85: 'Why I Detained Him for 2 Years During the Civil War' - Yakubu Gowon]". ''The NEWS''. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</ref> Soyinka akagyenda omuri Paris, Bufaransa, kutwara omurimo gw'okuzaana nka Patrice Lumumba, mukuru w'eihanga w'okubanza rya Repubulika ya Kongo owaisirwe, omu muzaano ogwashohozibwe Joan Littlewood omu kwakataano 1971 ogurikwetwa Murderous Angels, omuzaano gwa Conor Cruise O'Brien ogwabaire nigukwata aha buremeezi bwa Kongo.<ref name=":4">Gibbs, James. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/soyinka-wole-13-july-1934 Soyinka, Wole 1934–]". ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved 27 September 2021. (Updated by [[:en:Tanure_Ojaide|Tanure Ojaide]].)</ref><ref>[[:en:Biodun_Jeyifo|Jeyifo, Biodun]] (2004). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=nwhlgrVqvYkC&q=%22Murderous+Angels%22%3D&pg=PR27 Chronology]". ''Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, and Postcolonialism''. Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;xxvii. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139439084|9781139439084]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omuri Paris, ebicweka kuruga omu muzaano gwa Soyinka ogurikumanywa munonga The Dance of The Forests bikazaanwa.<ref>Adenekan, Sulaiman (2016). "[https://www.tradenewswire.net/the-pride-of-africa-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-clocks-85-years-serving-humanity-poetically/ The Pride of Africa: Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka clocks 85 years serving humanity poeticall]y". ''Trade Newswire''. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</ref> Omu 1972, ekitabo kye Season of Anomy hamwe na Collected Plays byona bikashohozibwa Oxford University Press. Ekihandiiko kye ky'ebirikumukwataho ekya The Man Died, ekirikurundaana ebi yaahandiikire omu kihome, nakyo kikashohozibwa omwaka ogwo.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/biographical/ Wole Soyinka | Biographical]", The Nobel Prize, 1986.</ref> Akaheebwa ekirabo kya Honoris Causa doctorate kuruga omu Yunivasite ya Leeds omuri 1973.<ref>"[https://lucas.leeds.ac.uk/article/honorary-degree/ Honorary Degree]", Leeds ''African Studies Bulletin'' 19 (November 1973), pp. 1–2. [Professor Soyinka receiving the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters from the Chancellor, HRH the Duchess of Kent, on Thursday 17 May 1973 – image from 'Nobel Prize for Leeds Graduate', ''The Reporter'' (the University of Leeds), 258, 24 October 1986.]</ref> Omu mwaka nigwo gumwe, National Theatre, London, ekashaba kandi yaatongoza omuzaano The Bacchae of Euripides,<ref name=":3" /> kandi emizaano ye Camwood on the Leaves na Jero's Metamorphosis nayo ekaba eri ey'okubanza kushohozibwa. Akamara omwaka gumwe nk'omugyenyi aha Churchill College, Cambridge<ref>Gumbel, Andrew (3 November 2005). "[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/03/theatre3 Wole Soyinka on how he came to write Death and the King's Horseman]". ''The Guardian''.</ref> (1973–74)<ref name=":4" /> kandi yaahandiika Death and the King's Horseman, ekyashomirwe omurundi gw'okubanza aha Churchill College.<ref name=":5" /> Omu 1974, Oxford University Press ekashohoza Soyinka's Collected Plays, Volume II. Akateeraho hamwe ekitabo kya 1975 Poems of Black Africa, ekyashohoziibwe nka kimwe ahakicweka kya Heinemann African Writers Series.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JtqywAEACAAJ Poems of Black Africa]'', Heinemann African Writers Series, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]. <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780435901714|9780435901714]]</bdi>.</ref> Kandi omuri 1975, Soyinka akakuzibwa yaaza aha ntebe y'omushwijumi w'akatabo ka Transition Magazine, akaabaire nikashangwa omu kibuga ekikuru ekya Ghana ekya Accra, ahu yaafurukiire.<ref name=":6" /> Akakoresa ebihandiiko bye omu magaziini kujumirira abo abarikusaasibwa munonga abairaguju (nk'eky'okureeberaho, ekicweka kye "Neo-Tarzanism: Eby'obutegyeki obwa Pseudo-Transition) hamwe n'obutegyeki bw'amahe. Akeesharinga ahabw'obutegyeki bw'amahe obwa Idi Amin omu Uganda. Bwanyima y'empindahinduka omu by'obutegyeki omuri Nigeria hamwe n'okuhenda gavumenti y'amahe eya Gowon omuri 1975, Soyinka akagaruka omu ihanga rye kandi yaagaruka omu mwanya gwe nka mukuru w'okugyeragyeranisa ebyahandiikirwe. omu Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref name=":6" /> === Okushomesa === Kuruga 1975 kuhisya 1999, Soyinka akaheereza nka Purofeesa w'ebitabo ebirikugyeragyeranisibwa aha Obafemi Awolowo University.<ref>Odinaka (31 July 2018). "[https://www.tori.ng/news/102835/the-house-prof-soyinka-lived-in-during-oau-days-tu.html The House Prof. Soyinka Lived In During OAU Days, Turned Into A Campus Museum (Photos)]". ''Tori.ng''. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> Omuri Amerika, akeegyesa aha Cornell University nk'omuhangu wa Goldwin Smith omu kwega aha Afirika hamwe n'eby'emizaano kuruga 1988 kuhisya 1991. Aha Yunivasite ya Emory, akatooranwa nka Robert W. Woodruff Purofeesa w'eby'emikono omuri 1996 kandi atwire ari Purofeesa w'okuhandiika omu Yunivasite ya Nevada, Las Vegas. Soyinka akaheereza scholar-in-residence omu Institute of African American Affairs eya New York University hamwe na Loyola Marymount University omuri Los Angeles, California. Akegyesa n'aha Yunivasite za Cambridge, Oxford, Harvard na Yale. Akaba ari omwegi w'amaani omu kutuura aha Yunivasite ya Duke omuri 2008.<ref>"[https://alumni.duke.edu/magazine/articles/soyinka-stage Soyinka on Stage | Nobel laureate works with student production of his play]". ''Duke Magazine''. No.&#x20;January–February 2011. 31 January 2011. Retrieved 18 April 2021.</ref> Omu Kwaikumi na kubiri 2017, Soyinka akatunga ekirabo kya Europe Theatre Prize omu kicweka kya "Special Prize" category,<ref>Ajibade, Kunle (12 December 2017). "[https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2017/12/12/wole-soyinka-wins-europe-theatre-prize/ Wole Soyinka Wins The Europe Theatre Prize]". ''[[:en:P.M._News|P.M. News]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref><ref>"[https://www.concisenews.global/news/soyinka-wins-2017-the-europe-theatre-prize/ Soyinka Wins 2017 Europe Theatre Prize]". ''Concise News''. 15 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> ekyahairwe omuntu owaabaire "aine ekyayongyeireho omu kuhikiiriza emikoro y'eby'obuhangwa erikureetaho okwetegyereza n'okubagana amagyezi ahagati y'abantu".<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20171225034855/http://www.jamesmurua.com/wole-soyinka-to-receive-europe-theatre-prize-2017/ Wole Soyinka to receive Europe Theatre Prize 2017]". ''James Murua's Literature Blog''. 14 December 2017. Archived from the original on 25 December 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.</ref> Ebiro 1 September 2022, Soyinka akatwara entebe y'okuba Purofeesa w'eby'emizaano aha New York University Abu Dhabi.<ref>"[https://www.wam.ae/en/article/hszrfcet-nobel-laureate-wole-soyinka-joins-nyu-abu-dhabi Nobel laureate Wole Soyinka joins NYU Abu Dhabi faculty]". Emirates News Agency-WAM. 23 August 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref><ref>"[https://nyuad.nyu.edu/en/academics/divisions/arts-and-humanities/faculty/wole-soyinka.html Wole Soyinka | Arts Professor of Theater]". ''nyuad.nyu.edu''. New York University Abu Dhabi. Retrieved 7 September 2025.</ref> Omu 1976, akashohoza ekitabo kye ky'ebitebyo Ogun Abibiman, hamwe n'ekitabo ky'ebihandiiko ekiine omutwe Myth, Literature and the African World.<ref>"[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1986/soyinka/facts/ The Nobel Prize in Literature 1986]". ''NobelPrize.org''. Retrieved 29 September 2020.</ref> Omuri ebi, Soyinka naashwijuma oburugo bw'oburagwa omu katemba ka Afirika kandi, arikukoresa eby'okureeberaho kuruga omuri Buraaya na Afirika, naagyeragyeranisa kandi akashoboorora eby'obuhangwa. Akaha orubazo rw'omutaano aha itendekyero ry'okushwijuma Afirika aha Yunivasite ya Ghana omuri Legon. Omu Okwaikumi 1976, envunuura ya Bufaransa eya The Dance of The Forests<ref>"[https://abjournals.org/ajchrt/papers/volume-8/issue-1/ghost-dirge-and-the-forest-dance-in-soyinkas-metathysical-play-a-dance-of-the-forests/ Ghost, Dirge and the Forest Dance in Soyinka's Metaphysical Play "A Dance of the Forests]". ''African Journal of Culture, History, Religion and Traditions (AJCHRT)''. 24 November 2024. Retrieved 20 February 2026.</ref> ekazaanwa omuri Dakar. Omu 1977, Opera Wọnyọsi, okuhindura kwe okw'omuzzano gwa Bertolt Brecht, T''he Threepenny Opera'', gukazaanira omuri Ibadan. Omu 1979, Soyinka akebembera kandi yazaana omu muzaano gwa Jon Blair na Norman Fenton ogurikwetwa The Biko Inquest, omzaano ogurikwegamira aha magara ga Steve Biko, omwegi wa South Africa kandi omurwanirizi w'obugabe bw'abantu owaateirwe akafa ahabwa pooriisi y'omuri South Africa eyabaire neekuratira engyenderwaho y'okushoroora omu bantu.<ref name=":4" /> Omu 1981 Soyinka akashohoza ekitabo ky'ebirikumukwataho Aké: The Years of Childhood, ekyasingire ekirabo kya 1983 Anisfield-Wolf Book Award.<ref>"[https://www.anisfield-wolf.org/winners/ake-the-years-of-childhood/ Winners: 1983 Nonfiction – Ake]". ''Anisfield-Wolf Book Awards''. Retrieved 9 April 2021.</ref> Soyinka akagumizamu yaatandikaho ekibiina ekindi eky'emizaano, ekya Guerrilla Unit, ekyasherwire kwejumba butunu n'abantu b'omubyaro. Ekigyendererwa kyayo kikaba kiri okubahwera kuteekateeka aha buremeezi bwabo n'okuha eiraka okwetomboitwa kwabo kurabira omu kukora emizaano migufu. Omu 1983, omuzaano gwe Requiem for a Futurologist gukaba guri omuzaano gwagwo gw'okubanza aha Yunivasite ya Ife. Omu kwezi kwa mushanju omwaka ogwo, emwe aha purogyekiti ze z'ebyeshongoro, ekitongore kya Unlimited Liability Company, kikashohoza akatambi k'okweshongora akarikwetwa I Love My Country, ahu abeeshongozi ba Nigeria abarikumanywa baazaaniire ebyeshongoro ebyahandiikirwe Soyinka. Omu 1984, akakora firimu Blues for a Prodigal, eyayorekirwe aha Yunivasite ya Ife.<ref>Gibbs, James (1985). "[https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/03064228508533902 Wole Soyinka's film banned]". ''[[:en:Index_on_Censorship|Index on Censorship]]''. '''14''' (3): 41. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1080/03064228508533902|10.1080/03064228508533902]]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:220929276 220929276] &#x2013; via [[:en:SAGE_Publishing|SAGE Publishing]].</ref> A Play of Giants ekorekwa omwaka nigwo gumwe.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (1984). ''[https://books.google.com.ng/books/about/A_Play_of_Giants.html?id=H3NuQgAACAAJ&redir_esc=y A Play of Giants]''. Methuen. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-413-55290-7|978-0-413-55290-7]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu myaka 1975–84, Soyinka akaba aine amaani omu by'obutegyeki. Aha Yunivasite ya Ife, emirimo ye y'obwebembezi ekaba erimu eby'okwerinda enguuto za gavumenti. Akajumirira obushomankuzi omu gavumenti ya purezidenti Shehu Shagari owaabaire atoorainwe abantu. Shagari ku yaahindwirwe omukuru w'amahe Muhammadu Buhari, Soyinka akaba ari aha rubaju rubi rw'amahe. Omu 1984, kooti emwe omuri Nigeria ekazibira ekitabo kye ekya 1972 The Man Died: Prison Notes.<ref>Gibbs (1986). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=xkJdDwAAQBAJ&q=%22the+man+died%22+soyinka+banned+1984&pg=PA17 Wole Soyinka]''. Macmillan. pp.&#x20;16–17. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781349182091|9781349182091]]</bdi>.</ref> Omu 1985, omuzaano gwe Requiem for a Futurologist gukashohozibwa omuri aba Rex Collings omuri London.<ref>Soyinka, Wole (1985). ''[https://catalogue.nla.gov.au/Record/106708/Details? Requiem for a futurologist]''. London: Rex Collings. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-86036-207-4|978-0-86036-207-4]]</bdi>.</ref> === 1986: Okuhangura ekirabo kya Nobel Prize === Soyinka akaheebwa ekirabo kya Nobel Prize for Literature omuri 1986,<ref>"[http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/1986/soyinka.html The Nobel Prize in Literature 1986 | Wole Soyinka]", Nobelprize.org, 23 August 2010.</ref><ref>"[http://www.postcolonialweb.org/soyinka/soyinkatl.html Wole Soyinka: A Chronology]". ''African Postcolonial Literature in English''. Retrieved 28 September 2021.</ref> yaahinduka Omufirika w'okubanza kuhangura ekirabo ekyo. == Reeba n'aba == * <big>[[Wp/nyn/John Ruganda|John Ruganda]]</big> * <big>[[Wp/nyn/Ngũgĩ wa Thiong'o|Ngugi wa Thiong'o]]</big> * [[Wp/nyn/Okot p'Bitek|Okot p'Bitek]] * Timothy Wangusa * [[Wp/nyn/David Rubadiri|David Rubadiri]] == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == h3qogt0hzp4swoffpuyim1thz8eiaih 0 3790426 7255894 7251777 2026-07-19T21:09:43Z Revibot 1236611 Bot: Fixing double redirect from [[Wq/oc/Loìs Combas]] to [[Wq/oc/Cantalausa]] 7255894 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Wq/oc/Cantalausa]] rcpxho91cxgm6xj5sn6v4j0cbcciwam 0 3790438 7255811 7251899 2026-07-19T18:31:04Z NATURINDA FORTUNATE 2623054 Grammatical corrections 7255811 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q108367154}} '''Asuman Basalirwa''' (akazaarwa Okwaikumi na kumwe 17, 1977) n'omunyabyabutegyeki omu [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] kandi owaabaireho memba w'eishengyero rya 11 owaabaire ari omujwekyerwa wa Munisipaali ya Bugiri omu kicweka ky'oburugwa izooba bwa Uganda. Akabanza kutooranwa omu ishengyero omuri 2018 aha tiketi ya Justice Forum (JEEMA).<ref>[https://www.independent.co.ug/we-must-work-together-to-challenge-nrm-basalirwa/ "We must work together to challenge NRM - Basalirwa"]. ''The Independent Uganda''. 2021-06-11. Retrieved 2021-09-01.</ref> Kandi niwe mukuru w'ekibiina ky'abasiraamu ekya Parliament of Uganda Muslim Association hamwe n'ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Parliament of Uganda Sports Club. == Obwegyese == Basalirwa akatunga Satifikeeti ye y'okubanza kuruga omu ishomero rya Mwiri Primary School omuri 1991, hamwe na [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Certificate of Education|Uganda Certificate of Education]] (UCE), 1996 hamwe na [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]] (UACE) kuruga omu ishomero rya Kiira College Butiki omuri 1998.<ref name=":0">[https://flashugnews.com/asuman-basalirwa-biography-politics-education-bugiri-municipality-mp/ "Asuman Basalirwa: Biography, Politics, Early Life and Education of Bugiri Municipality MP"]. ''Flash Uganda Media''. 2021-01-10. Retrieved 2021-09-01.</ref> Aine Dipuloma omu by'ebiragiro kuruga omu Law Development Centre (LDC) [[Wp/nyn/Kampala|Kampala]], [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] omuri 2004.Omuri 2008, akamara kuruga omu Pretoria University n'ekihandiiko omu biragiro by'ensi yoona hamwe na Master of Laws kuruga [[Wp/nyn/Makerere University|Makerere University]] omuri 2015. Ni Rooya/Partner aha Sewankambo & Co. Advocates.<ref name=":0" /> == Omurimo gw'eby'obutegyeki == Basalirwa naaheereza nka Purezidenti wa Justice Forum (JEEMA) kuruga 2010 kuhitsya hati, omwanya ogu atwiremu kuruga obu kyatandikaho nk'ekibiina ky'obutegyeki omu [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]].<ref>[https://nilepost.co.ug/2021/03/05/jeema-says-they-will-not-attend-todays-ipod-summit/ "JEEMA says they will not attend today's IPOD summit"]. ''Nile Post''. 2021-03-05. Retrieved 2021-09-01.</ref> Niwe mukuru w'entebe y'ekitongore ekirikukwatanisa ebibiina by'obutegyeki ekya Inter-Party Organisation on Dialogue (IPOD). Akatooranwa kuza omu ishengyero omuri 2018 kandi akagaruka yaatooranwa omu karuuru ka boona aka 2021 kujwekyera Munisipaali ya Bugiri. Naheereza nka omuhwezi wa mukuru w'entebe y'akakiiko akarikujunanizibwa ahaby'embaririra y'eihanga akarikwetwa Public Accounts Committee (PAC) omu ishengyero.<ref>[https://nilepost.co.ug/2020/03/19/basalirwa-who-will-enforce-presidential-directives-on-covid19-measures/ "Basalirwa: "Who will enforce presidential directives on Covid19 measures?""]. ''Nile Post''. 2020-03-19. Retrieved 2021-09-01.</ref><ref>[https://www.parliament.go.ug/news/4813/political-parties-not-getting-funding-basalirwa "Political parties not getting funding-Basalirwa"]. ''Parliament.go.ug''. 2020-10-01. Retrieved 2021-09-01.</ref> Omu Kwakashatu 2023, akareeta eiteeka ry'okurwanisa ebikorwa by'obushambani, 2023, eryabaire niriza kuta ebikorwa by'obushambani omu biragiro kandi n'okusiba abantu abarikwetwara nk'abashaija n'abakazi omu Uganda. Omuntu weena orikwejumba omu bikorwa by'obushambani nari omu bushwere bw'abantu b'ekikura kimwe omu Uganda, naija kusibwa emyaka 10.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-64907237 "Jail threat in Uganda for saying you're gay"]. ''BBC News''. 9 March 2023.</ref> Purezidenti [[Wp/nyn/Yoweri Museveni|Yoweri Museveni]] akata omukono aha iteeka ry'okurwanisa ebikorwa by'obushambani omu biragiro ebi yaataireho ebiro 29 Okwakataano 2023 bwanyima y'eishengyero kuryorobyamu. Kikiri kimwe aha biragiro ebirikukirayo kurwanisa ebikorwa by'obushambani omu nsi yoona. Ebikorwa by'obushambani tibirikwikirizibwa omu biragiro bya Uganda kwonka hati omuntu weena orikusingwa orubanja naija kusibwa amagara gye goona.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-65745850 "Uganda's President Museveni approves tough new anti-gay law"]. ''BBC News''. 29 May 2023.</ref> Omu karuuru ka boona aka 2026, akafeerwa entebe ye omu ishengyero, John Francis Oketcho owa NRM, omu karuuru akarimu okuhayahayana kw'amaani.<ref>[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/basalirwa-opens-law-firm-after-election-loss-5402860 "Basalirwa opens law firm after election loss"]. ''Monitor''. 2026-03-25. Retrieved 2026-04-11.</ref> == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == [[Category:Wp/nyn]] r1pkoyfupf34ixqghfmldx3fkv7y18q 7255812 7255811 2026-07-19T18:31:32Z NATURINDA FORTUNATE 2623054 Grammatical corrections 7255812 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q108367154}} '''Asuman Basalirwa''' (akazaarwa Okwa ikumi na kumwe ebiro 17 omuri 1977) n'omunyabyabutegyeki omu [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] kandi owaabaireho memba w'eishengyero rya 11 owaabaire ari omujwekyerwa wa Munisipaali ya Bugiri omu kicweka ky'oburugwa izooba bwa Uganda. Akabanza kutooranwa omu ishengyero omuri 2018 aha tiketi ya Justice Forum (JEEMA).<ref>[https://www.independent.co.ug/we-must-work-together-to-challenge-nrm-basalirwa/ "We must work together to challenge NRM - Basalirwa"]. ''The Independent Uganda''. 2021-06-11. Retrieved 2021-09-01.</ref> Kandi niwe mukuru w'ekibiina ky'abasiraamu ekya Parliament of Uganda Muslim Association hamwe n'ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Parliament of Uganda Sports Club. == Obwegyese == Basalirwa akatunga Satifikeeti ye y'okubanza kuruga omu ishomero rya Mwiri Primary School omuri 1991, hamwe na [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Certificate of Education|Uganda Certificate of Education]] (UCE), 1996 hamwe na [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]] (UACE) kuruga omu ishomero rya Kiira College Butiki omuri 1998.<ref name=":0">[https://flashugnews.com/asuman-basalirwa-biography-politics-education-bugiri-municipality-mp/ "Asuman Basalirwa: Biography, Politics, Early Life and Education of Bugiri Municipality MP"]. ''Flash Uganda Media''. 2021-01-10. Retrieved 2021-09-01.</ref> Aine Dipuloma omu by'ebiragiro kuruga omu Law Development Centre (LDC) [[Wp/nyn/Kampala|Kampala]], [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] omuri 2004.Omuri 2008, akamara kuruga omu Pretoria University n'ekihandiiko omu biragiro by'ensi yoona hamwe na Master of Laws kuruga [[Wp/nyn/Makerere University|Makerere University]] omuri 2015. Ni Rooya/Partner aha Sewankambo & Co. Advocates.<ref name=":0" /> == Omurimo gw'eby'obutegyeki == Basalirwa naaheereza nka Purezidenti wa Justice Forum (JEEMA) kuruga 2010 kuhitsya hati, omwanya ogu atwiremu kuruga obu kyatandikaho nk'ekibiina ky'obutegyeki omu [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]].<ref>[https://nilepost.co.ug/2021/03/05/jeema-says-they-will-not-attend-todays-ipod-summit/ "JEEMA says they will not attend today's IPOD summit"]. ''Nile Post''. 2021-03-05. Retrieved 2021-09-01.</ref> Niwe mukuru w'entebe y'ekitongore ekirikukwatanisa ebibiina by'obutegyeki ekya Inter-Party Organisation on Dialogue (IPOD). Akatooranwa kuza omu ishengyero omuri 2018 kandi akagaruka yaatooranwa omu karuuru ka boona aka 2021 kujwekyera Munisipaali ya Bugiri. Naheereza nka omuhwezi wa mukuru w'entebe y'akakiiko akarikujunanizibwa ahaby'embaririra y'eihanga akarikwetwa Public Accounts Committee (PAC) omu ishengyero.<ref>[https://nilepost.co.ug/2020/03/19/basalirwa-who-will-enforce-presidential-directives-on-covid19-measures/ "Basalirwa: "Who will enforce presidential directives on Covid19 measures?""]. ''Nile Post''. 2020-03-19. Retrieved 2021-09-01.</ref><ref>[https://www.parliament.go.ug/news/4813/political-parties-not-getting-funding-basalirwa "Political parties not getting funding-Basalirwa"]. ''Parliament.go.ug''. 2020-10-01. Retrieved 2021-09-01.</ref> Omu Kwakashatu 2023, akareeta eiteeka ry'okurwanisa ebikorwa by'obushambani, 2023, eryabaire niriza kuta ebikorwa by'obushambani omu biragiro kandi n'okusiba abantu abarikwetwara nk'abashaija n'abakazi omu Uganda. Omuntu weena orikwejumba omu bikorwa by'obushambani nari omu bushwere bw'abantu b'ekikura kimwe omu Uganda, naija kusibwa emyaka 10.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-64907237 "Jail threat in Uganda for saying you're gay"]. ''BBC News''. 9 March 2023.</ref> Purezidenti [[Wp/nyn/Yoweri Museveni|Yoweri Museveni]] akata omukono aha iteeka ry'okurwanisa ebikorwa by'obushambani omu biragiro ebi yaataireho ebiro 29 Okwakataano 2023 bwanyima y'eishengyero kuryorobyamu. Kikiri kimwe aha biragiro ebirikukirayo kurwanisa ebikorwa by'obushambani omu nsi yoona. Ebikorwa by'obushambani tibirikwikirizibwa omu biragiro bya Uganda kwonka hati omuntu weena orikusingwa orubanja naija kusibwa amagara gye goona.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-65745850 "Uganda's President Museveni approves tough new anti-gay law"]. ''BBC News''. 29 May 2023.</ref> Omu karuuru ka boona aka 2026, akafeerwa entebe ye omu ishengyero, John Francis Oketcho owa NRM, omu karuuru akarimu okuhayahayana kw'amaani.<ref>[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/basalirwa-opens-law-firm-after-election-loss-5402860 "Basalirwa opens law firm after election loss"]. ''Monitor''. 2026-03-25. Retrieved 2026-04-11.</ref> == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == [[Category:Wp/nyn]] bx4nhkoacbhxw08ycou5y0xrtuzw9vl 7255813 7255812 2026-07-19T18:32:45Z NATURINDA FORTUNATE 2623054 Grammatical corrections 7255813 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q108367154}} '''Asuman Basalirwa''' (akazaarwa Okwa ikumi na kumwe ebiro 17 omuri 1977) n'omunyabyabutegyeki omuri [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] kandi owaabaireho memba w'eishengyero rya 11 owaabaire ari omujwekyerwa wa Munisipaali ya Bugiri omu kicweka ky'oburugwa izooba bwa Uganda. Akabanza kutooranwa omu ishengyero omuri 2018 aha tiketi ya Justice Forum (JEEMA).<ref>[https://www.independent.co.ug/we-must-work-together-to-challenge-nrm-basalirwa/ "We must work together to challenge NRM - Basalirwa"]. ''The Independent Uganda''. 2021-06-11. Retrieved 2021-09-01.</ref> Kandi niwe mukuru w'ekibiina ky'abasiraamu ekya Parliament of Uganda Muslim Association hamwe n'ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Parliament of Uganda Sports Club. == Obwegyese == Basalirwa akatunga Satifikeeti ye y'okubanza kuruga omu ishomero rya Mwiri Primary School omuri 1991, hamwe na [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Certificate of Education|Uganda Certificate of Education]] (UCE), 1996 hamwe na [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]] (UACE) kuruga omu ishomero rya Kiira College Butiki omuri 1998.<ref name=":0">[https://flashugnews.com/asuman-basalirwa-biography-politics-education-bugiri-municipality-mp/ "Asuman Basalirwa: Biography, Politics, Early Life and Education of Bugiri Municipality MP"]. ''Flash Uganda Media''. 2021-01-10. Retrieved 2021-09-01.</ref> Aine Dipuloma omu by'ebiragiro kuruga omu Law Development Centre (LDC) [[Wp/nyn/Kampala|Kampala]], [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] omuri 2004.Omuri 2008, akamara kuruga omu Pretoria University n'ekihandiiko omu biragiro by'ensi yoona hamwe na Master of Laws kuruga [[Wp/nyn/Makerere University|Makerere University]] omuri 2015. Ni Rooya/Partner aha Sewankambo & Co. Advocates.<ref name=":0" /> == Omurimo gw'eby'obutegyeki == Basalirwa naaheereza nka Purezidenti wa Justice Forum (JEEMA) kuruga 2010 kuhitsya hati, omwanya ogu atwiremu kuruga obu kyatandikaho nk'ekibiina ky'obutegyeki omu [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]].<ref>[https://nilepost.co.ug/2021/03/05/jeema-says-they-will-not-attend-todays-ipod-summit/ "JEEMA says they will not attend today's IPOD summit"]. ''Nile Post''. 2021-03-05. Retrieved 2021-09-01.</ref> Niwe mukuru w'entebe y'ekitongore ekirikukwatanisa ebibiina by'obutegyeki ekya Inter-Party Organisation on Dialogue (IPOD). Akatooranwa kuza omu ishengyero omuri 2018 kandi akagaruka yaatooranwa omu karuuru ka boona aka 2021 kujwekyera Munisipaali ya Bugiri. Naheereza nka omuhwezi wa mukuru w'entebe y'akakiiko akarikujunanizibwa ahaby'embaririra y'eihanga akarikwetwa Public Accounts Committee (PAC) omu ishengyero.<ref>[https://nilepost.co.ug/2020/03/19/basalirwa-who-will-enforce-presidential-directives-on-covid19-measures/ "Basalirwa: "Who will enforce presidential directives on Covid19 measures?""]. ''Nile Post''. 2020-03-19. Retrieved 2021-09-01.</ref><ref>[https://www.parliament.go.ug/news/4813/political-parties-not-getting-funding-basalirwa "Political parties not getting funding-Basalirwa"]. ''Parliament.go.ug''. 2020-10-01. Retrieved 2021-09-01.</ref> Omu Kwakashatu omuri 2023, akareeta eiteeka ry'okurwanisa ebikorwa by'obushambani, 2023, eryabaire niriza kuta ebikorwa by'obushambani omu biragiro kandi n'okusiba abantu abarikwetwara nk'abashaija n'abakazi omu Uganda. Omuntu weena orikwejumba omu bikorwa by'obushambani nari omu bushwere bw'abantu b'ekikura kimwe omu Uganda, naija kusibwa emyaka 10.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-64907237 "Jail threat in Uganda for saying you're gay"]. ''BBC News''. 9 March 2023.</ref> Purezidenti [[Wp/nyn/Yoweri Museveni|Yoweri Museveni]] akata omukono aha iteeka ry'okurwanisa ebikorwa by'obushambani omu biragiro ebi yaataireho ebiro 29 Okwakataano 2023 bwanyima y'eishengyero kuryorobyamu. Kikiri kimwe aha biragiro ebirikukirayo kurwanisa ebikorwa by'obushambani omu nsi yoona. Ebikorwa by'obushambani tibirikwikirizibwa omu biragiro bya Uganda kwonka hati omuntu weena orikusingwa orubanja naija kusibwa amagara gye goona.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-65745850 "Uganda's President Museveni approves tough new anti-gay law"]. ''BBC News''. 29 May 2023.</ref> Omu karuuru ka boona aka 2026, akafeerwa entebe ye omu ishengyero, John Francis Oketcho owa NRM, omu karuuru akarimu okuhayahayana kw'amaani.<ref>[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/basalirwa-opens-law-firm-after-election-loss-5402860 "Basalirwa opens law firm after election loss"]. ''Monitor''. 2026-03-25. Retrieved 2026-04-11.</ref> == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == [[Category:Wp/nyn]] byrea2sqku9m89c2sncwaghuxnpfea7 7255814 7255813 2026-07-19T18:33:23Z NATURINDA FORTUNATE 2623054 Grammatical corrections 7255814 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q108367154}} '''Asuman Basalirwa''' (akazaarwa Okwa ikumi na kumwe ebiro 17 omuri 1977) n'omunyabyabutegyeki omuri [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] kandi owaabaireho memba w'eishengyero rya 11 owaabaire ari omujwekyerwa wa Munisipaali ya Bugiri omu kicweka ky'oburugwa izooba bwa Uganda. Akabanza kutooranwa omu ishengyero omuri 2018 aha tiketi ya Justice Forum (JEEMA).<ref>[https://www.independent.co.ug/we-must-work-together-to-challenge-nrm-basalirwa/ "We must work together to challenge NRM - Basalirwa"]. ''The Independent Uganda''. 2021-06-11. Retrieved 2021-09-01.</ref> Kandi niwe mukuru w'ekibiina ky'abasiraamu ekya Parliament of Uganda Muslim Association hamwe n'ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Parliament of Uganda Sports Club. == Obwegyese == Basalirwa akatunga Satifikeeti ye y'okubanza kuruga omu ishomero rya Mwiri Primary School omuri 1991, hamwe na [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Certificate of Education|Uganda Certificate of Education]] (UCE), 1996 hamwe na [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]] (UACE) kuruga omu ishomero rya Kiira College Butiki omuri 1998.<ref name=":0">[https://flashugnews.com/asuman-basalirwa-biography-politics-education-bugiri-municipality-mp/ "Asuman Basalirwa: Biography, Politics, Early Life and Education of Bugiri Municipality MP"]. ''Flash Uganda Media''. 2021-01-10. Retrieved 2021-09-01.</ref> Aine Dipuloma omu by'ebiragiro kuruga omu Law Development Centre (LDC) [[Wp/nyn/Kampala|Kampala]], [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] omuri 2004.Omuri 2008, akamara kuruga omu Pretoria University n'ekihandiiko omu biragiro by'ensi yoona hamwe na Master of Laws kuruga [[Wp/nyn/Makerere University|Makerere University]] omuri 2015. Ni Rooya/Partner aha Sewankambo & Co. Advocates.<ref name=":0" /> == Omurimo gw'eby'obutegyeki == Basalirwa naaheereza nka Purezidenti wa Justice Forum (JEEMA) kuruga 2010 kuhitsya hati, omwanya ogu atwiremu kuruga obu kyatandikaho nk'ekibiina ky'obutegyeki omu [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]].<ref>[https://nilepost.co.ug/2021/03/05/jeema-says-they-will-not-attend-todays-ipod-summit/ "JEEMA says they will not attend today's IPOD summit"]. ''Nile Post''. 2021-03-05. Retrieved 2021-09-01.</ref> Niwe mukuru w'entebe y'ekitongore ekirikukwatanisa ebibiina by'obutegyeki ekya Inter-Party Organisation on Dialogue (IPOD). Akatooranwa kuza omu ishengyero omuri 2018 kandi akagaruka yaatooranwa omu karuuru ka boona aka 2021 kujwekyera Munisipaali ya Bugiri. Naheereza nka omuhwezi wa mukuru w'entebe y'akakiiko akarikujunanizibwa ahaby'embaririra y'eihanga akarikwetwa Public Accounts Committee (PAC) omu ishengyero.<ref>[https://nilepost.co.ug/2020/03/19/basalirwa-who-will-enforce-presidential-directives-on-covid19-measures/ "Basalirwa: "Who will enforce presidential directives on Covid19 measures?""]. ''Nile Post''. 2020-03-19. Retrieved 2021-09-01.</ref><ref>[https://www.parliament.go.ug/news/4813/political-parties-not-getting-funding-basalirwa "Political parties not getting funding-Basalirwa"]. ''Parliament.go.ug''. 2020-10-01. Retrieved 2021-09-01.</ref> Omu Kwakashatu omuri 2023, akareeta eiteeka ry'okurwanisa ebikorwa by'obushambani omuri 2023, eryabaire niriza kuta ebikorwa by'obushambani omu biragiro kandi n'okusiba abantu abarikwetwara nk'abashaija n'abakazi omuri Uganda. Omuntu weena orikwejumba omu bikorwa by'obushambani nari omu bushwere bw'abantu b'ekikura kimwe omu Uganda, naija kusibwa emyaka 10.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-64907237 "Jail threat in Uganda for saying you're gay"]. ''BBC News''. 9 March 2023.</ref> Purezidenti [[Wp/nyn/Yoweri Museveni|Yoweri Museveni]] akata omukono aha iteeka ry'okurwanisa ebikorwa by'obushambani omu biragiro ebi yaataireho ebiro 29 Okwakataano 2023 bwanyima y'eishengyero kuryorobyamu. Kikiri kimwe aha biragiro ebirikukirayo kurwanisa ebikorwa by'obushambani omu nsi yoona. Ebikorwa by'obushambani tibirikwikirizibwa omu biragiro bya Uganda kwonka hati omuntu weena orikusingwa orubanja naija kusibwa amagara gye goona.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-65745850 "Uganda's President Museveni approves tough new anti-gay law"]. ''BBC News''. 29 May 2023.</ref> Omu karuuru ka boona aka 2026, akafeerwa entebe ye omu ishengyero, John Francis Oketcho owa NRM, omu karuuru akarimu okuhayahayana kw'amaani.<ref>[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/basalirwa-opens-law-firm-after-election-loss-5402860 "Basalirwa opens law firm after election loss"]. ''Monitor''. 2026-03-25. Retrieved 2026-04-11.</ref> == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == [[Category:Wp/nyn]] hwnb5hr2sjxsfvwe9qagfbjprzb8cdx 7255815 7255814 2026-07-19T18:34:00Z NATURINDA FORTUNATE 2623054 Grammatical corrections 7255815 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q108367154}} '''Asuman Basalirwa''' (akazaarwa Okwa ikumi na kumwe ebiro 17 omuri 1977) n'omunyabyabutegyeki omuri [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] kandi owaabaireho memba w'eishengyero rya 11 owaabaire ari omujwekyerwa wa Munisipaali ya Bugiri omu kicweka ky'oburugwa izooba bwa Uganda. Akabanza kutooranwa omu ishengyero omuri 2018 aha tiketi ya Justice Forum (JEEMA).<ref>[https://www.independent.co.ug/we-must-work-together-to-challenge-nrm-basalirwa/ "We must work together to challenge NRM - Basalirwa"]. ''The Independent Uganda''. 2021-06-11. Retrieved 2021-09-01.</ref> Kandi niwe mukuru w'ekibiina ky'abasiraamu ekya Parliament of Uganda Muslim Association hamwe n'ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Parliament of Uganda Sports Club. == Obwegyese == Basalirwa akatunga Satifikeeti ye y'okubanza kuruga omu ishomero rya Mwiri Primary School omuri 1991, hamwe na [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Certificate of Education|Uganda Certificate of Education]] (UCE), 1996 hamwe na [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]] (UACE) kuruga omu ishomero rya Kiira College Butiki omuri 1998.<ref name=":0">[https://flashugnews.com/asuman-basalirwa-biography-politics-education-bugiri-municipality-mp/ "Asuman Basalirwa: Biography, Politics, Early Life and Education of Bugiri Municipality MP"]. ''Flash Uganda Media''. 2021-01-10. Retrieved 2021-09-01.</ref> Aine Dipuloma omu by'ebiragiro kuruga omu Law Development Centre (LDC) [[Wp/nyn/Kampala|Kampala]], [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] omuri 2004.Omuri 2008, akamara kuruga omu Pretoria University n'ekihandiiko omu biragiro by'ensi yoona hamwe na Master of Laws kuruga [[Wp/nyn/Makerere University|Makerere University]] omuri 2015. Ni Rooya/Partner aha Sewankambo & Co. Advocates.<ref name=":0" /> == Omurimo gw'eby'obutegyeki == Basalirwa naaheereza nka Purezidenti wa Justice Forum (JEEMA) kuruga 2010 kuhitsya hati, omwanya ogu atwiremu kuruga obu kyatandikaho nk'ekibiina ky'obutegyeki omu [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]].<ref>[https://nilepost.co.ug/2021/03/05/jeema-says-they-will-not-attend-todays-ipod-summit/ "JEEMA says they will not attend today's IPOD summit"]. ''Nile Post''. 2021-03-05. Retrieved 2021-09-01.</ref> Niwe mukuru w'entebe y'ekitongore ekirikukwatanisa ebibiina by'obutegyeki ekya Inter-Party Organisation on Dialogue (IPOD). Akatooranwa kuza omu ishengyero omuri 2018 kandi akagaruka yaatooranwa omu karuuru ka boona aka 2021 kujwekyera Munisipaali ya Bugiri. Naheereza nka omuhwezi wa mukuru w'entebe y'akakiiko akarikujunanizibwa ahaby'embaririra y'eihanga akarikwetwa Public Accounts Committee (PAC) omu ishengyero.<ref>[https://nilepost.co.ug/2020/03/19/basalirwa-who-will-enforce-presidential-directives-on-covid19-measures/ "Basalirwa: "Who will enforce presidential directives on Covid19 measures?""]. ''Nile Post''. 2020-03-19. Retrieved 2021-09-01.</ref><ref>[https://www.parliament.go.ug/news/4813/political-parties-not-getting-funding-basalirwa "Political parties not getting funding-Basalirwa"]. ''Parliament.go.ug''. 2020-10-01. Retrieved 2021-09-01.</ref> Omu Kwakashatu omuri 2023, akareeta eiteeka ry'okurwanisa ebikorwa by'obushambani omuri 2023, eryabaire niriza kuta ebikorwa by'obushambani omu biragiro kandi n'okusiba abantu abarikwetwara nk'abashaija n'abakazi omuri Uganda. Omuntu weena orikwejumba omu bikorwa by'obushambani nari omu bushwere bw'abantu b'ekikura kimwe omu Uganda, naija kusibwa emyaka 10.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-64907237 "Jail threat in Uganda for saying you're gay"]. ''BBC News''. 9 March 2023.</ref> Purezidenti [[Wp/nyn/Yoweri Museveni|Yoweri Museveni]] akata omukono aha iteeka ry'okurwanisa ebikorwa by'obushambani omu biragiro ebi yaataireho ebiro 29 Okwa kataano omuri 2023 bwanyima y'eishengyero kuryorobyamu. Kikiri kimwe aha biragiro ebirikukirayo kurwanisa ebikorwa by'obushambani omu nsi yoona. Ebikorwa by'obushambani tibirikwikirizibwa omu biragiro bya Uganda kwonka hati omuntu weena orikusingwa orubanja naija kusibwa amagara gye goona.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-65745850 "Uganda's President Museveni approves tough new anti-gay law"]. ''BBC News''. 29 May 2023.</ref> Omu karuuru ka boona aka 2026, akafeerwa entebe ye omu ishengyero, John Francis Oketcho owa NRM, omu karuuru akarimu okuhayahayana kw'amaani.<ref>[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/basalirwa-opens-law-firm-after-election-loss-5402860 "Basalirwa opens law firm after election loss"]. ''Monitor''. 2026-03-25. Retrieved 2026-04-11.</ref> == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == [[Category:Wp/nyn]] 82suepexe1yifqrcwumpr4pni7g4hvy 7255816 7255815 2026-07-19T18:34:40Z NATURINDA FORTUNATE 2623054 Grammatical corrections 7255816 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q108367154}} '''Asuman Basalirwa''' (akazaarwa Okwa ikumi na kumwe ebiro 17 omuri 1977) n'omunyabyabutegyeki omuri [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] kandi owaabaireho memba w'eishengyero rya 11 owaabaire ari omujwekyerwa wa Munisipaali ya Bugiri omu kicweka ky'oburugwa izooba bwa Uganda. Akabanza kutooranwa omu ishengyero omuri 2018 aha tiketi ya Justice Forum (JEEMA).<ref>[https://www.independent.co.ug/we-must-work-together-to-challenge-nrm-basalirwa/ "We must work together to challenge NRM - Basalirwa"]. ''The Independent Uganda''. 2021-06-11. Retrieved 2021-09-01.</ref> Kandi niwe mukuru w'ekibiina ky'abasiraamu ekya Parliament of Uganda Muslim Association hamwe n'ekibiina ky'emizaano ekya Parliament of Uganda Sports Club. == Obwegyese == Basalirwa akatunga Satifikeeti ye y'okubanza kuruga omu ishomero rya Mwiri Primary School omuri 1991, hamwe na [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Certificate of Education|Uganda Certificate of Education]] (UCE), 1996 hamwe na [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]] (UACE) kuruga omu ishomero rya Kiira College Butiki omuri 1998.<ref name=":0">[https://flashugnews.com/asuman-basalirwa-biography-politics-education-bugiri-municipality-mp/ "Asuman Basalirwa: Biography, Politics, Early Life and Education of Bugiri Municipality MP"]. ''Flash Uganda Media''. 2021-01-10. Retrieved 2021-09-01.</ref> Aine Dipuloma omu by'ebiragiro kuruga omu Law Development Centre (LDC) [[Wp/nyn/Kampala|Kampala]], [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] omuri 2004.Omuri 2008, akamara kuruga omu Pretoria University n'ekihandiiko omu biragiro by'ensi yoona hamwe na Master of Laws kuruga [[Wp/nyn/Makerere University|Makerere University]] omuri 2015. Ni Rooya/Partner aha Sewankambo & Co. Advocates.<ref name=":0" /> == Omurimo gw'eby'obutegyeki == Basalirwa naaheereza nka Purezidenti wa Justice Forum (JEEMA) kuruga 2010 kuhitsya hati, omwanya ogu atwiremu kuruga obu kyatandikaho nk'ekibiina ky'obutegyeki omu [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]].<ref>[https://nilepost.co.ug/2021/03/05/jeema-says-they-will-not-attend-todays-ipod-summit/ "JEEMA says they will not attend today's IPOD summit"]. ''Nile Post''. 2021-03-05. Retrieved 2021-09-01.</ref> Niwe mukuru w'entebe y'ekitongore ekirikukwatanisa ebibiina by'obutegyeki ekya Inter-Party Organisation on Dialogue (IPOD). Akatooranwa kuza omu ishengyero omuri 2018 kandi akagaruka yaatooranwa omu karuuru ka boona aka 2021 kujwekyera Munisipaali ya Bugiri. Naheereza nka omuhwezi wa mukuru w'entebe y'akakiiko akarikujunanizibwa ahaby'embaririra y'eihanga akarikwetwa Public Accounts Committee (PAC) omu ishengyero.<ref>[https://nilepost.co.ug/2020/03/19/basalirwa-who-will-enforce-presidential-directives-on-covid19-measures/ "Basalirwa: "Who will enforce presidential directives on Covid19 measures?""]. ''Nile Post''. 2020-03-19. Retrieved 2021-09-01.</ref><ref>[https://www.parliament.go.ug/news/4813/political-parties-not-getting-funding-basalirwa "Political parties not getting funding-Basalirwa"]. ''Parliament.go.ug''. 2020-10-01. Retrieved 2021-09-01.</ref> Omu Kwakashatu omuri 2023, akareeta eiteeka ry'okurwanisa ebikorwa by'obushambani omuri 2023, eryabaire niriza kuta ebikorwa by'obushambani omu biragiro kandi n'okusiba abantu abarikwetwara nk'abashaija n'abakazi omuri Uganda. Omuntu weena orikwejumba omu bikorwa by'obushambani nari omu bushwere bw'abantu b'ekikura kimwe omuri Uganda, naija kusibwa emyaka 10.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-64907237 "Jail threat in Uganda for saying you're gay"]. ''BBC News''. 9 March 2023.</ref> Purezidenti [[Wp/nyn/Yoweri Museveni|Yoweri Museveni]] akata omukono aha iteeka ry'okurwanisa ebikorwa by'obushambani omu biragiro ebi yaataireho ebiro 29 Okwa kataano omuri 2023 bwanyima y'eishengyero kuryorobyamu. Kikiri kimwe aha biragiro ebirikukirayo kurwanisa ebikorwa by'obushambani omu nsi yoona. Ebikorwa by'obushambani tibirikwikirizibwa omu biragiro bya Uganda kwonka hati omuntu weena orikusingwa orubanja naija kusibwa amagara gye goona.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-65745850 "Uganda's President Museveni approves tough new anti-gay law"]. ''BBC News''. 29 May 2023.</ref> Omu karuuru ka boona aka 2026, akafeerwa entebe ye omu ishengyero, John Francis Oketcho owa NRM, omu karuuru akarimu okuhayahayana kw'amaani.<ref>[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/basalirwa-opens-law-firm-after-election-loss-5402860 "Basalirwa opens law firm after election loss"]. ''Monitor''. 2026-03-25. Retrieved 2026-04-11.</ref> == Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho == [[Category:Wp/nyn]] 5qzr9cahpprwjk28e9dbjgrh8jjmk9m 0 3790558 7255656 7255655 2026-07-19T11:59:18Z Bhaigeswar Pagag 2687903 /* Migom Ager */ 7255656 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sisuram Pe:gu''' bí Golaghat mongkelok tadgénam tani:kai. Bíkké do:ludé Brohmoputro a:né lokké 13 kilo mitarko anínpé dungai.Buluké do:lu:dok aminém 'Bihiya' émtagai.Édé do:lu:dé Bokakhat taondok Dhansirimukh,Golaghat mo:dumlo dung.Édé adí:do 'Bihiya' do:lu:do okumé 60 kopé dungai.Édé adí:do buluké do:lung tani: kídardé aipé mité mirémla dungai.Dítag 1950 dok Tarémotondo tonnyudla amo:ngém arígém sibuk rakeddé ketpakto. == Onam == Po:sum Sisuram Pe:gumé 1930 dítagdo Golaghat mo:dumlok Dhonsirimukh, mongkelok 'Bihiya' do:ludo otagai. Bí po:sum Modhu Ram Pe:gu ké:lang po:sum Mamoli Dole: Pe:gu ké abí:pagdanné ao:éai.Bímyang ame:ya:né 4ko bírro odokké 5 ko ajjauné bírmé dungai. == Ponam == Bí Moriholla EL.PI(L.P) Skuldo porika.Bí dítag 1942 do pobug ponamém ai kampopé pokurto. Em.I (M.E)dém bí dítag 1945 dítagdo Sagmol Gurumukhrai Em.I (M.E) iskul Bokakhaddo édé adído silo mélokémpé bédu bédangé aimangai.Bí metrik anka:dém 1949 dítagdo déngkoto.Bí Golaghat mo:dumlok Mising réngamlok metrik anka:lo déngkoponé émna kindungai. Bíkké ma murkong kamala porikolo aipé ngasoddungai.Bím po:sum Nadharam Saikia lang Minaram Dole: bínyi poridopé ka:dumsula Jorhat Je.Bi Kole:j do aminém adlígbika.Odosin bí murkong ngasodla porilama:pé ikang.Me:lamdo Ramkrishna Soudhuri émnam ayangkané ami:dé bím poridopé ka:dumsuka.Bí Debraj Roy Kole:j Golaghat dolok 1952 takkído Ai.E (I.A) dém pa:sto odokké bí mgom ager magola Silong pé gíto. Bí " Offic of The Commissioner of Excise Asam " do kerani agerém 1953 dítagdok Januari po:lodo gerropka. Bí ager gerté:la "St. Anthony's College " do porika. Bí rokom 10 dokké yumé ayir 4 díbíg do:pé miggom ager gergela yumdéng 5 dokké yumé 9 díbígdo:pé kole:j gídungai . Bi.E (B.A) dém dítag 1955 do pa:sto. Bí "Law lang MA dém Guwahati bo poribomdungai 1956 dítagdo.Émdogom bíkké ma:nam yummadé yummapé ila du:pakkang. == Migom Ager == Bí migom agerém émpé kerani agerém 1952 do iropka.Me:lampé 1960 dítagdo A C.S-II pé ila C.D Departments yeto. "Block " migompé bí Panitola Development Block Chabuwa,Garo Hills Tribal development Block pé Resubabalpara, North West Jorhat development Block,Dhekargora lang Golaghat North Development Block,Dergau bo:sin agerém gaipé gerka.Bí Golakganj bo du:dom bí Ransi bo:lo po:lo píumné trening péboko ika.Édé pébodém "Job oriented course" ( Block Development Officer) ko ikai.Bí Borpeta bolo du:dom 02/01/1971 do "Election Officer" yeto. Bím ilekson migomdokkém topaggekula "Sub-Deputy Collector (Misc)" pé Nahorkutiyapé míktoai. E.Si.Es -(A.C.S,Sr.Gr.) migompé ila ai kampopé gerém gerka.Migom Pe:gu bí 33 dítakko migom Ager gergela 1988 dítagdok 31 Mars agerém gerto. '''Adnam:''' Bí migom ager gerdokom gomlabémsin labdungai.Bíkké adnam potin kídardé 1.Dhonsiri mukhor kotha 2.Mur jibonor dristi (Trying) 3. Dhonisiri mukhor dekati 4.Bibhrom 5.Sadmonamot Lakhon Sikari 6.Pura Hun tukura sé bulu po:sum Pe:gu ké adnam potiné. == Midang == Bí buluké do:lu:ngídok po:sum Motilal Dole:ké omé Reboti Dole:mé midangém mola la:tagai == Sinam: == == Ka:yirsuko == 1.Prominent Mising personalities of Assam(II),Editor,Shri Nabin Chandra Taye,Tamténg-69 (2002). 4scilv9v2p8feixpkjln9qpt10jsq90 7255657 7255656 2026-07-19T12:01:01Z Bhaigeswar Pagag 2687903 /* Migom Ager */ 7255657 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sisuram Pe:gu''' bí Golaghat mongkelok tadgénam tani:kai. Bíkké do:ludé Brohmoputro a:né lokké 13 kilo mitarko anínpé dungai.Buluké do:lu:dok aminém 'Bihiya' émtagai.Édé do:lu:dé Bokakhat taondok Dhansirimukh,Golaghat mo:dumlo dung.Édé adí:do 'Bihiya' do:lu:do okumé 60 kopé dungai.Édé adí:do buluké do:lung tani: kídardé aipé mité mirémla dungai.Dítag 1950 dok Tarémotondo tonnyudla amo:ngém arígém sibuk rakeddé ketpakto. == Onam == Po:sum Sisuram Pe:gumé 1930 dítagdo Golaghat mo:dumlok Dhonsirimukh, mongkelok 'Bihiya' do:ludo otagai. Bí po:sum Modhu Ram Pe:gu ké:lang po:sum Mamoli Dole: Pe:gu ké abí:pagdanné ao:éai.Bímyang ame:ya:né 4ko bírro odokké 5 ko ajjauné bírmé dungai. == Ponam == Bí Moriholla EL.PI(L.P) Skuldo porika.Bí dítag 1942 do pobug ponamém ai kampopé pokurto. Em.I (M.E)dém bí dítag 1945 dítagdo Sagmol Gurumukhrai Em.I (M.E) iskul Bokakhaddo édé adído silo mélokémpé bédu bédangé aimangai.Bí metrik anka:dém 1949 dítagdo déngkoto.Bí Golaghat mo:dumlok Mising réngamlok metrik anka:lo déngkoponé émna kindungai. Bíkké ma murkong kamala porikolo aipé ngasoddungai.Bím po:sum Nadharam Saikia lang Minaram Dole: bínyi poridopé ka:dumsula Jorhat Je.Bi Kole:j do aminém adlígbika.Odosin bí murkong ngasodla porilama:pé ikang.Me:lamdo Ramkrishna Soudhuri émnam ayangkané ami:dé bím poridopé ka:dumsuka.Bí Debraj Roy Kole:j Golaghat dolok 1952 takkído Ai.E (I.A) dém pa:sto odokké bí mgom ager magola Silong pé gíto. Bí " Offic of The Commissioner of Excise Asam " do kerani agerém 1953 dítagdok Januari po:lodo gerropka. Bí ager gerté:la "St. Anthony's College " do porika. Bí rokom 10 dokké yumé ayir 4 díbíg do:pé miggom ager gergela yumdéng 5 dokké yumé 9 díbígdo:pé kole:j gídungai . Bi.E (B.A) dém dítag 1955 do pa:sto. Bí "Law lang MA dém Guwahati bo poribomdungai 1956 dítagdo.Émdogom bíkké ma:nam yummadé yummapé ila du:pakkang. == Migom Ager == Bí migom agerém émpé kerani agerém 1952 do iropka.Me:lampé 1960 dítagdo A C.S-II pé ila C.D Departments yeto. "Block " migompé bí Panitola Development Block Chabuwa,Garo Hills Tribal development Block pé Resubabalpara, North West Jorhat development Block,Dhekargora lang Golaghat North Development Block,Dergau bo:sin agerém gaipé gerka.Bí Golakganj bo du:dom bí Ransi bo:lo po:lo píumné trening péboko ika.Édé pébodém "Job oriented course" ( Block Development Officer) ko ikai.Bí Borpeta bolo du:dom 02/01/1971 do "Election Officer" yeto.Bím ilekson migomdokkém topaggekula "Sub-Deputy Collector (Misc)" pé Nahorkutiyapé míktoai. E.Si.Es -(A.C.S,Sr.Gr.) migompé ila ai kampopé gerém gerka.Migom Pe:gu bí 33 dítakko migom Ager gergela 1988 dítagdok 31 Mars agerém gerto. '''Adnam:''' Bí migom ager gerdokom gomlabémsin labdungai.Bíkké adnam potin kídardé 1.Dhonsiri mukhor kotha 2.Mur jibonor dristi (Trying) 3. Dhonisiri mukhor dekati 4.Bibhrom 5.Sadmonamot Lakhon Sikari 6.Pura Hun tukura sé bulu po:sum Pe:gu ké adnam potiné. == Midang == Bí buluké do:lu:ngídok po:sum Motilal Dole:ké omé Reboti Dole:mé midangém mola la:tagai == Sinam: == == Ka:yirsuko == 1.Prominent Mising personalities of Assam(II),Editor,Shri Nabin Chandra Taye,Tamténg-69 (2002). ir2k9x9ject80flxy2q3y26pbmclf92 7255658 7255657 2026-07-19T12:03:28Z Bhaigeswar Pagag 2687903 /* Migom Ager */ 7255658 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sisuram Pe:gu''' bí Golaghat mongkelok tadgénam tani:kai. Bíkké do:ludé Brohmoputro a:né lokké 13 kilo mitarko anínpé dungai.Buluké do:lu:dok aminém 'Bihiya' émtagai.Édé do:lu:dé Bokakhat taondok Dhansirimukh,Golaghat mo:dumlo dung.Édé adí:do 'Bihiya' do:lu:do okumé 60 kopé dungai.Édé adí:do buluké do:lung tani: kídardé aipé mité mirémla dungai.Dítag 1950 dok Tarémotondo tonnyudla amo:ngém arígém sibuk rakeddé ketpakto. == Onam == Po:sum Sisuram Pe:gumé 1930 dítagdo Golaghat mo:dumlok Dhonsirimukh, mongkelok 'Bihiya' do:ludo otagai. Bí po:sum Modhu Ram Pe:gu ké:lang po:sum Mamoli Dole: Pe:gu ké abí:pagdanné ao:éai.Bímyang ame:ya:né 4ko bírro odokké 5 ko ajjauné bírmé dungai. == Ponam == Bí Moriholla EL.PI(L.P) Skuldo porika.Bí dítag 1942 do pobug ponamém ai kampopé pokurto. Em.I (M.E)dém bí dítag 1945 dítagdo Sagmol Gurumukhrai Em.I (M.E) iskul Bokakhaddo édé adído silo mélokémpé bédu bédangé aimangai.Bí metrik anka:dém 1949 dítagdo déngkoto.Bí Golaghat mo:dumlok Mising réngamlok metrik anka:lo déngkoponé émna kindungai. Bíkké ma murkong kamala porikolo aipé ngasoddungai.Bím po:sum Nadharam Saikia lang Minaram Dole: bínyi poridopé ka:dumsula Jorhat Je.Bi Kole:j do aminém adlígbika.Odosin bí murkong ngasodla porilama:pé ikang.Me:lamdo Ramkrishna Soudhuri émnam ayangkané ami:dé bím poridopé ka:dumsuka.Bí Debraj Roy Kole:j Golaghat dolok 1952 takkído Ai.E (I.A) dém pa:sto odokké bí mgom ager magola Silong pé gíto. Bí " Offic of The Commissioner of Excise Asam " do kerani agerém 1953 dítagdok Januari po:lodo gerropka. Bí ager gerté:la "St. Anthony's College " do porika. Bí rokom 10 dokké yumé ayir 4 díbíg do:pé miggom ager gergela yumdéng 5 dokké yumé 9 díbígdo:pé kole:j gídungai . Bi.E (B.A) dém dítag 1955 do pa:sto. Bí "Law lang MA dém Guwahati bo poribomdungai 1956 dítagdo.Émdogom bíkké ma:nam yummadé yummapé ila du:pakkang. == Migom Ager == Bí migom agerém émpé kerani agerém 1952 do iropka.Me:lampé 1960 dítagdo A C.S-II pé ila Si.Di. (C.D Departments) yeto. "Block " migompé bí Panitola Development Block Chabuwa,Garo Hills Tribal development Block pé Resubabalpara, North West Jorhat development Block,Dhekargora lang Golaghat North Development Block,Dergau bo:sin agerém gaipé gerka.Bí Golakganj bo du:dom bí Ransi bo:lo po:lo píumné trening péboko ika.Édé pébodém "Job oriented course" ( Block Development Officer) ko ikai.Bí Borpeta bolo du:dom 02/01/1971 do "Election Officer" yeto.Bím ilekson migomdokkém topaggekula "Sub-Deputy Collector (Misc)" pé Nahorkutiyapé míktoai. E.Si.Es -(A.C.S,Sr.Gr.) migompé ila ai kampopé gerém gerka.Migom Pe:gu bí 33 dítakko migom Ager gergela 1988 dítagdok 31 Mars agerém gerto. '''Adnam:''' Bí migom ager gerdokom gomlabémsin labdungai.Bíkké adnam potin kídardé 1.Dhonsiri mukhor kotha 2.Mur jibonor dristi (Trying) 3. Dhonisiri mukhor dekati 4.Bibhrom 5.Sadmonamot Lakhon Sikari 6.Pura Hun tukura sé bulu po:sum Pe:gu ké adnam potiné. == Midang == Bí buluké do:lu:ngídok po:sum Motilal Dole:ké omé Reboti Dole:mé midangém mola la:tagai == Sinam: == == Ka:yirsuko == 1.Prominent Mising personalities of Assam(II),Editor,Shri Nabin Chandra Taye,Tamténg-69 (2002). k0to85267hsv2ppp5yxwt2n6kfem1qh 7255659 7255658 2026-07-19T12:05:20Z Bhaigeswar Pagag 2687903 /* Migom Ager */ 7255659 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sisuram Pe:gu''' bí Golaghat mongkelok tadgénam tani:kai. Bíkké do:ludé Brohmoputro a:né lokké 13 kilo mitarko anínpé dungai.Buluké do:lu:dok aminém 'Bihiya' émtagai.Édé do:lu:dé Bokakhat taondok Dhansirimukh,Golaghat mo:dumlo dung.Édé adí:do 'Bihiya' do:lu:do okumé 60 kopé dungai.Édé adí:do buluké do:lung tani: kídardé aipé mité mirémla dungai.Dítag 1950 dok Tarémotondo tonnyudla amo:ngém arígém sibuk rakeddé ketpakto. == Onam == Po:sum Sisuram Pe:gumé 1930 dítagdo Golaghat mo:dumlok Dhonsirimukh, mongkelok 'Bihiya' do:ludo otagai. Bí po:sum Modhu Ram Pe:gu ké:lang po:sum Mamoli Dole: Pe:gu ké abí:pagdanné ao:éai.Bímyang ame:ya:né 4ko bírro odokké 5 ko ajjauné bírmé dungai. == Ponam == Bí Moriholla EL.PI(L.P) Skuldo porika.Bí dítag 1942 do pobug ponamém ai kampopé pokurto. Em.I (M.E)dém bí dítag 1945 dítagdo Sagmol Gurumukhrai Em.I (M.E) iskul Bokakhaddo édé adído silo mélokémpé bédu bédangé aimangai.Bí metrik anka:dém 1949 dítagdo déngkoto.Bí Golaghat mo:dumlok Mising réngamlok metrik anka:lo déngkoponé émna kindungai. Bíkké ma murkong kamala porikolo aipé ngasoddungai.Bím po:sum Nadharam Saikia lang Minaram Dole: bínyi poridopé ka:dumsula Jorhat Je.Bi Kole:j do aminém adlígbika.Odosin bí murkong ngasodla porilama:pé ikang.Me:lamdo Ramkrishna Soudhuri émnam ayangkané ami:dé bím poridopé ka:dumsuka.Bí Debraj Roy Kole:j Golaghat dolok 1952 takkído Ai.E (I.A) dém pa:sto odokké bí mgom ager magola Silong pé gíto. Bí " Offic of The Commissioner of Excise Asam " do kerani agerém 1953 dítagdok Januari po:lodo gerropka. Bí ager gerté:la "St. Anthony's College " do porika. Bí rokom 10 dokké yumé ayir 4 díbíg do:pé miggom ager gergela yumdéng 5 dokké yumé 9 díbígdo:pé kole:j gídungai . Bi.E (B.A) dém dítag 1955 do pa:sto. Bí "Law lang MA dém Guwahati bo poribomdungai 1956 dítagdo.Émdogom bíkké ma:nam yummadé yummapé ila du:pakkang. == Migom Ager == Bí migom agerém émpé kerani agerém 1952 do iropka.Me:lampé 1960 dítagdo A C.S-II pé ila Si.Di. (C.D Departments) pé yeto. "Block " migompé bí Panitola Development Block Chabuwa,Garo Hills Tribal development Block pé Resubabalpara, North West Jorhat development Block,Dhekargora lang Golaghat North Development Block,Dergau bo:sin agerém gaipé gerka.Bí Golakganj bo du:dom bí Ransi bo:lo po:lo píumné trening péboko ika.Édé pébodém "Job oriented course" ( Block Development Officer) ko ikai.Bí Borpeta bolo du:dom 02/01/1971 do "Election Officer" yeto.Bím ilekson migomdokkém topaggekula "Sub-Deputy Collector (Misc)" pé Nahorkutiyapé míktoai. E.Si.Es -(A.C.S,Sr.Gr.) migompé ila ai kampopé gerém gerka.Migom Pe:gu bí 33 dítakko migom Ager gergela 1988 dítagdok 31 Mars agerém gerto. '''Adnam:''' Bí migom ager gerdokom gomlabémsin labdungai.Bíkké adnam potin kídardé 1.Dhonsiri mukhor kotha 2.Mur jibonor dristi (Trying) 3. Dhonisiri mukhor dekati 4.Bibhrom 5.Sadmonamot Lakhon Sikari 6.Pura Hun tukura sé bulu po:sum Pe:gu ké adnam potiné. == Midang == Bí buluké do:lu:ngídok po:sum Motilal Dole:ké omé Reboti Dole:mé midangém mola la:tagai == Sinam: == == Ka:yirsuko == 1.Prominent Mising personalities of Assam(II),Editor,Shri Nabin Chandra Taye,Tamténg-69 (2002). amghzltfi58x9spi6iin14ohgkb5ea7 7256077 7255659 2026-07-20T03:55:12Z Bhaigeswar Pagag 2687903 /* */ 7256077 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sisuram Pe:gu''' bí Golaghat mongkelok tadgénam tani:kai. Bí Ohom mimosok Ki-go ru:tum migom Daktor Ronuj Pe:gu odokké Miising Aí Ka:sísunané kébang lok Ru:tum Migang Paramanondo Sa:yengia Mimé Nondita Pe:gu Sa:yengiya ké abuai.Bíkké do:ludé Brohmoputro a:né lokké 13 kilo mitarko anínpé dungai.Buluké do:lu:dok aminém 'Bihiya' émtagai.Édé do:lu:dé Bokakhat taondok Dhansirimukh,Golaghat mo:dumlo dung.Édé adí:do 'Bihiya' do:lu:do okumé 60 kopé dungai.Édé adí:do buluké do:lung tani: kídardé aipé mité mirémla dungai.Dítag 1950 dok Tarémotondo tonnyudla amo:ngém arígém sibuk rakeddé ketpakto. == Onam == Po:sum Sisuram Pe:gumé 1930 dítagdo Golaghat mo:dumlok Dhonsirimukh, mongkelok 'Bihiya' do:ludo otagai. Bí po:sum Modhu Ram Pe:gu ké:lang po:sum Mamoli Dole: Pe:gu ké abí:pagdanné ao:éai.Bímyang ame:ya:né 4ko bírro odokké 5 ko ajjauné bírmé dungai. == Ponam == Bí Moriholla EL.PI(L.P) Skuldo porika.Bí dítag 1942 do pobug ponamém ai kampopé pokurto. Em.I (M.E)dém bí dítag 1945 dítagdo Sagmol Gurumukhrai Em.I (M.E) iskul Bokakhaddo édé adído silo mélokémpé bédu bédangé aimangai.Bí metrik anka:dém 1949 dítagdo déngkoto.Bí Golaghat mo:dumlok Mising réngamlok metrik anka:lo déngkoponé émna kindungai. Bíkké ma murkong kamala porikolo aipé ngasoddungai.Bím po:sum Nadharam Saikia lang Minaram Dole: bínyi poridopé ka:dumsula Jorhat Je.Bi Kole:j do aminém adlígbika.Odosin bí murkong ngasodla porilama:pé ikang.Me:lamdo Ramkrishna Soudhuri émnam ayangkané ami:dé bím poridopé ka:dumsuka.Bí Debraj Roy Kole:j Golaghat dolok 1952 takkído Ai.E (I.A) dém pa:sto odokké bí mgom ager magola Silong pé gíto. Bí " Offic of The Commissioner of Excise Asam " do kerani agerém 1953 dítagdok Januari po:lodo gerropka. Bí ager gerté:la "St. Anthony's College " do porika. Bí rokom 10 dokké yumé ayir 4 díbíg do:pé miggom ager gergela yumdéng 5 dokké yumé 9 díbígdo:pé kole:j gídungai . Bi.E (B.A) dém dítag 1955 do pa:sto. Bí "Law lang MA dém Guwahati bo poribomdungai 1956 dítagdo.Émdogom bíkké ma:nam yummadé yummapé ila du:pakkang. == Migom Ager == Bí migom agerém émpé kerani agerém 1952 do iropka.Me:lampé 1960 dítagdo A C.S-II pé ila Si.Di. (C.D Departments) pé yeto. "Block " migompé bí Panitola Development Block Chabuwa,Garo Hills Tribal development Block pé Resubabalpara, North West Jorhat development Block,Dhekargora lang Golaghat North Development Block,Dergau bo:sin agerém gaipé gerka.Bí Golakganj bo du:dom bí Ransi bo:lo po:lo píumné trening péboko ika.Édé pébodém "Job oriented course" ( Block Development Officer) ko ikai.Bí Borpeta bolo du:dom 02/01/1971 do "Election Officer" yeto.Bím ilekson migomdokkém topaggekula "Sub-Deputy Collector (Misc)" pé Nahorkutiyapé míktoai. E.Si.Es -(A.C.S,Sr.Gr.) migompé ila ai kampopé gerém gerka.Migom Pe:gu bí 33 dítakko migom Ager gergela 1988 dítagdok 31 Mars agerém gerto. '''Adnam:''' Bí migom ager gerdokom gomlabémsin labdungai.Bíkké adnam potin kídardé 1.Dhonsiri mukhor kotha 2.Mur jibonor dristi (Trying) 3. Dhonisiri mukhor dekati 4.Bibhrom 5.Sadmonamot Lakhon Sikari 6.Pura Hun tukura sé bulu po:sum Pe:gu ké adnam potiné. == Midang == Bí buluké do:lu:ngídok po:sum Motilal Dole:ké omé Reboti Dole:mé midangém mola la:tagai == Sinam: == == Ka:yirsuko == 1.Prominent Mising personalities of Assam(II),Editor,Shri Nabin Chandra Taye,Tamténg-69 (2002). b0qyirltifqq1bclwg0l64d5v6asax1 7256079 7256077 2026-07-20T04:00:15Z Bhaigeswar Pagag 2687903 /* Migom Ager */ 7256079 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sisuram Pe:gu''' bí Golaghat mongkelok tadgénam tani:kai. Bí Ohom mimosok Ki-go ru:tum migom Daktor Ronuj Pe:gu odokké Miising Aí Ka:sísunané kébang lok Ru:tum Migang Paramanondo Sa:yengia Mimé Nondita Pe:gu Sa:yengiya ké abuai.Bíkké do:ludé Brohmoputro a:né lokké 13 kilo mitarko anínpé dungai.Buluké do:lu:dok aminém 'Bihiya' émtagai.Édé do:lu:dé Bokakhat taondok Dhansirimukh,Golaghat mo:dumlo dung.Édé adí:do 'Bihiya' do:lu:do okumé 60 kopé dungai.Édé adí:do buluké do:lung tani: kídardé aipé mité mirémla dungai.Dítag 1950 dok Tarémotondo tonnyudla amo:ngém arígém sibuk rakeddé ketpakto. == Onam == Po:sum Sisuram Pe:gumé 1930 dítagdo Golaghat mo:dumlok Dhonsirimukh, mongkelok 'Bihiya' do:ludo otagai. Bí po:sum Modhu Ram Pe:gu ké:lang po:sum Mamoli Dole: Pe:gu ké abí:pagdanné ao:éai.Bímyang ame:ya:né 4ko bírro odokké 5 ko ajjauné bírmé dungai. == Ponam == Bí Moriholla EL.PI(L.P) Skuldo porika.Bí dítag 1942 do pobug ponamém ai kampopé pokurto. Em.I (M.E)dém bí dítag 1945 dítagdo Sagmol Gurumukhrai Em.I (M.E) iskul Bokakhaddo édé adído silo mélokémpé bédu bédangé aimangai.Bí metrik anka:dém 1949 dítagdo déngkoto.Bí Golaghat mo:dumlok Mising réngamlok metrik anka:lo déngkoponé émna kindungai. Bíkké ma murkong kamala porikolo aipé ngasoddungai.Bím po:sum Nadharam Saikia lang Minaram Dole: bínyi poridopé ka:dumsula Jorhat Je.Bi Kole:j do aminém adlígbika.Odosin bí murkong ngasodla porilama:pé ikang.Me:lamdo Ramkrishna Soudhuri émnam ayangkané ami:dé bím poridopé ka:dumsuka.Bí Debraj Roy Kole:j Golaghat dolok 1952 takkído Ai.E (I.A) dém pa:sto odokké bí mgom ager magola Silong pé gíto. Bí " Offic of The Commissioner of Excise Asam " do kerani agerém 1953 dítagdok Januari po:lodo gerropka. Bí ager gerté:la "St. Anthony's College " do porika. Bí rokom 10 dokké yumé ayir 4 díbíg do:pé miggom ager gergela yumdéng 5 dokké yumé 9 díbígdo:pé kole:j gídungai . Bi.E (B.A) dém dítag 1955 do pa:sto. Bí "Law lang MA dém Guwahati bo poribomdungai 1956 dítagdo.Émdogom bíkké ma:nam yummadé yummapé ila du:pakkang. == Migom Ager == Bí migom agerém émpé kerani agerém 1952 do iropka.Me:lampé 1960 dítagdo A C.S-II pé ila Si.Di. (C.D Departments) pé yeto. "Block " migompé bí Panitola Development Block Chabuwa,Garo Hills Tribal development Block pé Resubabalpara, North West Jorhat development Block,Dhekargora lang Golaghat North Development Block,Dergau bo:sin agerém gaipé gerka.Bí Golakganj bo du:dom bí Ransi bo:lo po:lo píumné trening péboko ika.Édé pébodém "Job oriented course" ( Block Development Officer) ko ikai.Bí Borpeta bolo du:dom 02/01/1971 do "Election Officer" yeto.Bí Borpetado du:dagí:do Rastropoti Phokouddin Ali Ahmed bí Em.Pi.( M.P) pé Bím ilekson migomdokkém topaggekula "Sub-Deputy Collector (Misc)" pé Nahorkutiyapé míktoai. E.Si.Es -(A.C.S,Sr.Gr.) migompé ila ai kampopé gerém gerka.Migom Pe:gu bí 33 dítakko migom Ager gergela 1988 dítagdok 31 Mars agerém gerto. '''Adnam:''' Bí migom ager gerdokom gomlabémsin labdungai.Bíkké adnam potin kídardé 1.Dhonsiri mukhor kotha 2.Mur jibonor dristi (Trying) 3. Dhonisiri mukhor dekati 4.Bibhrom 5.Sadmonamot Lakhon Sikari 6.Pura Hun tukura sé bulu po:sum Pe:gu ké adnam potiné. == Midang == Bí buluké do:lu:ngídok po:sum Motilal Dole:ké omé Reboti Dole:mé midangém mola la:tagai == Sinam: == == Ka:yirsuko == 1.Prominent Mising personalities of Assam(II),Editor,Shri Nabin Chandra Taye,Tamténg-69 (2002). 1zwhhnfihbmgjgp1vexv3l02x1ylbm4 7256080 7256079 2026-07-20T04:01:26Z Bhaigeswar Pagag 2687903 /* Migom Ager */ 7256080 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sisuram Pe:gu''' bí Golaghat mongkelok tadgénam tani:kai. Bí Ohom mimosok Ki-go ru:tum migom Daktor Ronuj Pe:gu odokké Miising Aí Ka:sísunané kébang lok Ru:tum Migang Paramanondo Sa:yengia Mimé Nondita Pe:gu Sa:yengiya ké abuai.Bíkké do:ludé Brohmoputro a:né lokké 13 kilo mitarko anínpé dungai.Buluké do:lu:dok aminém 'Bihiya' émtagai.Édé do:lu:dé Bokakhat taondok Dhansirimukh,Golaghat mo:dumlo dung.Édé adí:do 'Bihiya' do:lu:do okumé 60 kopé dungai.Édé adí:do buluké do:lung tani: kídardé aipé mité mirémla dungai.Dítag 1950 dok Tarémotondo tonnyudla amo:ngém arígém sibuk rakeddé ketpakto. == Onam == Po:sum Sisuram Pe:gumé 1930 dítagdo Golaghat mo:dumlok Dhonsirimukh, mongkelok 'Bihiya' do:ludo otagai. Bí po:sum Modhu Ram Pe:gu ké:lang po:sum Mamoli Dole: Pe:gu ké abí:pagdanné ao:éai.Bímyang ame:ya:né 4ko bírro odokké 5 ko ajjauné bírmé dungai. == Ponam == Bí Moriholla EL.PI(L.P) Skuldo porika.Bí dítag 1942 do pobug ponamém ai kampopé pokurto. Em.I (M.E)dém bí dítag 1945 dítagdo Sagmol Gurumukhrai Em.I (M.E) iskul Bokakhaddo édé adído silo mélokémpé bédu bédangé aimangai.Bí metrik anka:dém 1949 dítagdo déngkoto.Bí Golaghat mo:dumlok Mising réngamlok metrik anka:lo déngkoponé émna kindungai. Bíkké ma murkong kamala porikolo aipé ngasoddungai.Bím po:sum Nadharam Saikia lang Minaram Dole: bínyi poridopé ka:dumsula Jorhat Je.Bi Kole:j do aminém adlígbika.Odosin bí murkong ngasodla porilama:pé ikang.Me:lamdo Ramkrishna Soudhuri émnam ayangkané ami:dé bím poridopé ka:dumsuka.Bí Debraj Roy Kole:j Golaghat dolok 1952 takkído Ai.E (I.A) dém pa:sto odokké bí mgom ager magola Silong pé gíto. Bí " Offic of The Commissioner of Excise Asam " do kerani agerém 1953 dítagdok Januari po:lodo gerropka. Bí ager gerté:la "St. Anthony's College " do porika. Bí rokom 10 dokké yumé ayir 4 díbíg do:pé miggom ager gergela yumdéng 5 dokké yumé 9 díbígdo:pé kole:j gídungai . Bi.E (B.A) dém dítag 1955 do pa:sto. Bí "Law lang MA dém Guwahati bo poribomdungai 1956 dítagdo.Émdogom bíkké ma:nam yummadé yummapé ila du:pakkang. == Migom Ager == Bí migom agerém émpé kerani agerém 1952 do iropka.Me:lampé 1960 dítagdo A C.S-II pé ila Si.Di. (C.D Departments) pé yeto. "Block " migompé bí Panitola Development Block Chabuwa,Garo Hills Tribal development Block pé Resubabalpara, North West Jorhat development Block,Dhekargora lang Golaghat North Development Block,Dergau bo:sin agerém gaipé gerka.Bí Golakganj bo du:dom bí Ransi bo:lo po:lo píumné trening péboko ika.Édé pébodém "Job oriented course" ( Block Development Officer) ko ikai.Bí Borpeta bolo du:dom 02/01/1971 do "Election Officer" yeto.Bí Borpetado du:dagí:do Rastropoti Phokouddin Ali Ahmed bí Em.Pi.( M.P) pé Borpeta ru:banglokké 1971 dok ika. Bím ilekson migomdokkém topaggekula "Sub-Deputy Collector (Misc)" pé Nahorkutiyapé míktoai. E.Si.Es -(A.C.S,Sr.Gr.) migompé ila ai kampopé gerém gerka.Migom Pe:gu bí 33 dítakko migom Ager gergela 1988 dítagdok 31 Mars agerém gerto. '''Adnam:''' Bí migom ager gerdokom gomlabémsin labdungai.Bíkké adnam potin kídardé 1.Dhonsiri mukhor kotha 2.Mur jibonor dristi (Trying) 3. Dhonisiri mukhor dekati 4.Bibhrom 5.Sadmonamot Lakhon Sikari 6.Pura Hun tukura sé bulu po:sum Pe:gu ké adnam potiné. == Midang == Bí buluké do:lu:ngídok po:sum Motilal Dole:ké omé Reboti Dole:mé midangém mola la:tagai == Sinam: == == Ka:yirsuko == 1.Prominent Mising personalities of Assam(II),Editor,Shri Nabin Chandra Taye,Tamténg-69 (2002). t46matj0er721555zj25sm9nc6kp1qd 7256081 7256080 2026-07-20T04:03:47Z Bhaigeswar Pagag 2687903 /* Migom Ager */ 7256081 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sisuram Pe:gu''' bí Golaghat mongkelok tadgénam tani:kai. Bí Ohom mimosok Ki-go ru:tum migom Daktor Ronuj Pe:gu odokké Miising Aí Ka:sísunané kébang lok Ru:tum Migang Paramanondo Sa:yengia Mimé Nondita Pe:gu Sa:yengiya ké abuai.Bíkké do:ludé Brohmoputro a:né lokké 13 kilo mitarko anínpé dungai.Buluké do:lu:dok aminém 'Bihiya' émtagai.Édé do:lu:dé Bokakhat taondok Dhansirimukh,Golaghat mo:dumlo dung.Édé adí:do 'Bihiya' do:lu:do okumé 60 kopé dungai.Édé adí:do buluké do:lung tani: kídardé aipé mité mirémla dungai.Dítag 1950 dok Tarémotondo tonnyudla amo:ngém arígém sibuk rakeddé ketpakto. == Onam == Po:sum Sisuram Pe:gumé 1930 dítagdo Golaghat mo:dumlok Dhonsirimukh, mongkelok 'Bihiya' do:ludo otagai. Bí po:sum Modhu Ram Pe:gu ké:lang po:sum Mamoli Dole: Pe:gu ké abí:pagdanné ao:éai.Bímyang ame:ya:né 4ko bírro odokké 5 ko ajjauné bírmé dungai. == Ponam == Bí Moriholla EL.PI(L.P) Skuldo porika.Bí dítag 1942 do pobug ponamém ai kampopé pokurto. Em.I (M.E)dém bí dítag 1945 dítagdo Sagmol Gurumukhrai Em.I (M.E) iskul Bokakhaddo édé adído silo mélokémpé bédu bédangé aimangai.Bí metrik anka:dém 1949 dítagdo déngkoto.Bí Golaghat mo:dumlok Mising réngamlok metrik anka:lo déngkoponé émna kindungai. Bíkké ma murkong kamala porikolo aipé ngasoddungai.Bím po:sum Nadharam Saikia lang Minaram Dole: bínyi poridopé ka:dumsula Jorhat Je.Bi Kole:j do aminém adlígbika.Odosin bí murkong ngasodla porilama:pé ikang.Me:lamdo Ramkrishna Soudhuri émnam ayangkané ami:dé bím poridopé ka:dumsuka.Bí Debraj Roy Kole:j Golaghat dolok 1952 takkído Ai.E (I.A) dém pa:sto odokké bí mgom ager magola Silong pé gíto. Bí " Offic of The Commissioner of Excise Asam " do kerani agerém 1953 dítagdok Januari po:lodo gerropka. Bí ager gerté:la "St. Anthony's College " do porika. Bí rokom 10 dokké yumé ayir 4 díbíg do:pé miggom ager gergela yumdéng 5 dokké yumé 9 díbígdo:pé kole:j gídungai . Bi.E (B.A) dém dítag 1955 do pa:sto. Bí "Law lang MA dém Guwahati bo poribomdungai 1956 dítagdo.Émdogom bíkké ma:nam yummadé yummapé ila du:pakkang. == Migom Ager == Bí migom agerém émpé kerani agerém 1952 do iropka.Me:lampé 1960 dítagdo A C.S-II pé ila Si.Di. (C.D Departments) pé yeto. "Block " migompé bí Panitola Development Block Chabuwa,Garo Hills Tribal development Block pé Resubabalpara, North West Jorhat development Block,Dhekargora lang Golaghat North Development Block,Dergau bo:sin agerém gaipé gerka.Bí Golakganj bo du:dom bí Ransi bo:lo po:lo píumné trening péboko ika.Édé pébodém "Job oriented course" ( Block Development Officer) ko ikai.Bí Borpeta bolo du:dom 02/01/1971 do "Election Officer" yeto.Bí Borpetado du:dagí:do Rastropoti Phokouddin Ali Ahmed bí Em.Pi.( M.P) pé Borpeta ru:banglokké 1971 dok ika.Em.Pi ilekson me:lam 1972 dítagí:do Ohom mimosok:lokkégom ilekson ika Bí ai kampopé édé ilekson pébo kídardém ka:si: mosi:boka. Bím ilekson migomdokkém topaggekula "Sub-Deputy Collector (Misc)" pé Nahorkutiyapé míktoai. E.Si.Es -(A.C.S,Sr.Gr.) migompé ila ai kampopé gerém gerka.Migom Pe:gu bí 33 dítakko migom Ager gergela 1988 dítagdok 31 Mars agerém gerto. '''Adnam:''' Bí migom ager gerdokom gomlabémsin labdungai.Bíkké adnam potin kídardé 1.Dhonsiri mukhor kotha 2.Mur jibonor dristi (Trying) 3. Dhonisiri mukhor dekati 4.Bibhrom 5.Sadmonamot Lakhon Sikari 6.Pura Hun tukura sé bulu po:sum Pe:gu ké adnam potiné. == Midang == Bí buluké do:lu:ngídok po:sum Motilal Dole:ké omé Reboti Dole:mé midangém mola la:tagai == Sinam: == == Ka:yirsuko == 1.Prominent Mising personalities of Assam(II),Editor,Shri Nabin Chandra Taye,Tamténg-69 (2002). opl0980bymifyzjiiz7trjng7x98kdd 7256082 7256081 2026-07-20T04:07:42Z Bhaigeswar Pagag 2687903 /* Migom Ager */ 7256082 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sisuram Pe:gu''' bí Golaghat mongkelok tadgénam tani:kai. Bí Ohom mimosok Ki-go ru:tum migom Daktor Ronuj Pe:gu odokké Miising Aí Ka:sísunané kébang lok Ru:tum Migang Paramanondo Sa:yengia Mimé Nondita Pe:gu Sa:yengiya ké abuai.Bíkké do:ludé Brohmoputro a:né lokké 13 kilo mitarko anínpé dungai.Buluké do:lu:dok aminém 'Bihiya' émtagai.Édé do:lu:dé Bokakhat taondok Dhansirimukh,Golaghat mo:dumlo dung.Édé adí:do 'Bihiya' do:lu:do okumé 60 kopé dungai.Édé adí:do buluké do:lung tani: kídardé aipé mité mirémla dungai.Dítag 1950 dok Tarémotondo tonnyudla amo:ngém arígém sibuk rakeddé ketpakto. == Onam == Po:sum Sisuram Pe:gumé 1930 dítagdo Golaghat mo:dumlok Dhonsirimukh, mongkelok 'Bihiya' do:ludo otagai. Bí po:sum Modhu Ram Pe:gu ké:lang po:sum Mamoli Dole: Pe:gu ké abí:pagdanné ao:éai.Bímyang ame:ya:né 4ko bírro odokké 5 ko ajjauné bírmé dungai. == Ponam == Bí Moriholla EL.PI(L.P) Skuldo porika.Bí dítag 1942 do pobug ponamém ai kampopé pokurto. Em.I (M.E)dém bí dítag 1945 dítagdo Sagmol Gurumukhrai Em.I (M.E) iskul Bokakhaddo édé adído silo mélokémpé bédu bédangé aimangai.Bí metrik anka:dém 1949 dítagdo déngkoto.Bí Golaghat mo:dumlok Mising réngamlok metrik anka:lo déngkoponé émna kindungai. Bíkké ma murkong kamala porikolo aipé ngasoddungai.Bím po:sum Nadharam Saikia lang Minaram Dole: bínyi poridopé ka:dumsula Jorhat Je.Bi Kole:j do aminém adlígbika.Odosin bí murkong ngasodla porilama:pé ikang.Me:lamdo Ramkrishna Soudhuri émnam ayangkané ami:dé bím poridopé ka:dumsuka.Bí Debraj Roy Kole:j Golaghat dolok 1952 takkído Ai.E (I.A) dém pa:sto odokké bí mgom ager magola Silong pé gíto. Bí " Offic of The Commissioner of Excise Asam " do kerani agerém 1953 dítagdok Januari po:lodo gerropka. Bí ager gerté:la "St. Anthony's College " do porika. Bí rokom 10 dokké yumé ayir 4 díbíg do:pé miggom ager gergela yumdéng 5 dokké yumé 9 díbígdo:pé kole:j gídungai . Bi.E (B.A) dém dítag 1955 do pa:sto. Bí "Law lang MA dém Guwahati bo poribomdungai 1956 dítagdo.Émdogom bíkké ma:nam yummadé yummapé ila du:pakkang. == Migom Ager == Bí migom agerém émpé kerani agerém 1952 do iropka.Me:lampé 1960 dítagdo A C.S-II pé ila Si.Di. (C.D Departments) pé yeto. "Block " migompé bí Panitola Development Block Chabuwa,Garo Hills Tribal development Block pé Resubabalpara, North West Jorhat development Block,Dhekargora lang Golaghat North Development Block,Dergau bo:sin agerém gaipé gerka.Bí Golakganj bo du:dom bí Ransi bo:lo po:lo píumné trening péboko ika.Édé pébodém "Job oriented course" ( Block Development Officer) ko ikai.Bí Borpeta bolo du:dom 02/01/1971 do "Election Officer" yeto.Bí Borpetado du:dagí:do Rastropoti Phokouddin Ali Ahmed bí Em.Pi.( M.P) pé Borpeta ru:banglokké 1971 dok ika.Em.Pi ilekson me:lam 1972 dítagí:do Ohom mimosok:lokkégom ilekson ika Bí ai kampopé édé ilekson pébo kídardém ka:si: mosi:boka. Bí " Administration and Land Revenue trainin" ko ika . Bím ilekson migomdokkém topaggekula "Sub-Deputy Collector (Misc)" pé Nahorkutiyapé míktoai. E.Si.Es -(A.C.S,Sr.Gr.) migompé ila ai kampopé gerém gerka.Migom Pe:gu bí 33 dítakko migom Ager gergela 1988 dítagdok 31 Mars agerém gerto. '''Adnam:''' Bí migom ager gerdokom gomlabémsin labdungai.Bíkké adnam potin kídardé 1.Dhonsiri mukhor kotha 2.Mur jibonor dristi (Trying) 3. Dhonisiri mukhor dekati 4.Bibhrom 5.Sadmonamot Lakhon Sikari 6.Pura Hun tukura sé bulu po:sum Pe:gu ké adnam potiné. == Midang == Bí buluké do:lu:ngídok po:sum Motilal Dole:ké omé Reboti Dole:mé midangém mola la:tagai == Sinam: == == Ka:yirsuko == 1.Prominent Mising personalities of Assam(II),Editor,Shri Nabin Chandra Taye,Tamténg-69 (2002). toxnp3yf11jeeou2fnll2wecyw4lvto 7256083 7256082 2026-07-20T04:10:26Z Bhaigeswar Pagag 2687903 /* Migom Ager */ 7256083 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sisuram Pe:gu''' bí Golaghat mongkelok tadgénam tani:kai. Bí Ohom mimosok Ki-go ru:tum migom Daktor Ronuj Pe:gu odokké Miising Aí Ka:sísunané kébang lok Ru:tum Migang Paramanondo Sa:yengia Mimé Nondita Pe:gu Sa:yengiya ké abuai.Bíkké do:ludé Brohmoputro a:né lokké 13 kilo mitarko anínpé dungai.Buluké do:lu:dok aminém 'Bihiya' émtagai.Édé do:lu:dé Bokakhat taondok Dhansirimukh,Golaghat mo:dumlo dung.Édé adí:do 'Bihiya' do:lu:do okumé 60 kopé dungai.Édé adí:do buluké do:lung tani: kídardé aipé mité mirémla dungai.Dítag 1950 dok Tarémotondo tonnyudla amo:ngém arígém sibuk rakeddé ketpakto. == Onam == Po:sum Sisuram Pe:gumé 1930 dítagdo Golaghat mo:dumlok Dhonsirimukh, mongkelok 'Bihiya' do:ludo otagai. Bí po:sum Modhu Ram Pe:gu ké:lang po:sum Mamoli Dole: Pe:gu ké abí:pagdanné ao:éai.Bímyang ame:ya:né 4ko bírro odokké 5 ko ajjauné bírmé dungai. == Ponam == Bí Moriholla EL.PI(L.P) Skuldo porika.Bí dítag 1942 do pobug ponamém ai kampopé pokurto. Em.I (M.E)dém bí dítag 1945 dítagdo Sagmol Gurumukhrai Em.I (M.E) iskul Bokakhaddo édé adído silo mélokémpé bédu bédangé aimangai.Bí metrik anka:dém 1949 dítagdo déngkoto.Bí Golaghat mo:dumlok Mising réngamlok metrik anka:lo déngkoponé émna kindungai. Bíkké ma murkong kamala porikolo aipé ngasoddungai.Bím po:sum Nadharam Saikia lang Minaram Dole: bínyi poridopé ka:dumsula Jorhat Je.Bi Kole:j do aminém adlígbika.Odosin bí murkong ngasodla porilama:pé ikang.Me:lamdo Ramkrishna Soudhuri émnam ayangkané ami:dé bím poridopé ka:dumsuka.Bí Debraj Roy Kole:j Golaghat dolok 1952 takkído Ai.E (I.A) dém pa:sto odokké bí mgom ager magola Silong pé gíto. Bí " Offic of The Commissioner of Excise Asam " do kerani agerém 1953 dítagdok Januari po:lodo gerropka. Bí ager gerté:la "St. Anthony's College " do porika. Bí rokom 10 dokké yumé ayir 4 díbíg do:pé miggom ager gergela yumdéng 5 dokké yumé 9 díbígdo:pé kole:j gídungai . Bi.E (B.A) dém dítag 1955 do pa:sto. Bí "Law lang MA dém Guwahati bo poribomdungai 1956 dítagdo.Émdogom bíkké ma:nam yummadé yummapé ila du:pakkang. == Migom Ager == Bí migom agerém émpé kerani agerém 1952 do iropka.Me:lampé 1960 dítagdo A C.S-II pé ila Si.Di. (C.D Departments) pé yeto. "Block " migompé bí Panitola Development Block Chabuwa,Garo Hills Tribal development Block pé Resubabalpara, North West Jorhat development Block,Dhekargora lang Golaghat North Development Block,Dergau bo:sin agerém gaipé gerka.Bí Golakganj bo du:dom bí Ransi bo:lo po:lo píumné trening péboko ika.Édé pébodém "Job oriented course" ( Block Development Officer) ko ikai.Bí Borpeta bolo du:dom 02/01/1971 do "Election Officer" yeto.Bí Borpetado du:dagí:do Rastropoti Phokouddin Ali Ahmed bí Em.Pi.( M.P) pé Borpeta ru:banglokké 1971 dok ika.Em.Pi ilekson me:lam 1972 dítagí:do Ohom mimosok:lokkégom ilekson ika Bí ai kampopé édé ilekson pébo kídardém ka:si: mosi:boka. Bí " Administration and Land Revenue trainin" ko ika .Bí " Revenue circle" pé 1972 dítagdok May po:lo dokké 1977 dítagdok May po:lodo:pé Nahorkotiya lang Sonari lo ager gerka. Bím ilekson migomdokkém topaggekula "Sub-Deputy Collector (Misc)" pé Nahorkutiyapé míktoai. E.Si.Es -(A.C.S,Sr.Gr.) migompé ila ai kampopé gerém gerka.Migom Pe:gu bí 33 dítakko migom Ager gergela 1988 dítagdok 31 Mars agerém gerto. '''Adnam:''' Bí migom ager gerdokom gomlabémsin labdungai.Bíkké adnam potin kídardé 1.Dhonsiri mukhor kotha 2.Mur jibonor dristi (Trying) 3. Dhonisiri mukhor dekati 4.Bibhrom 5.Sadmonamot Lakhon Sikari 6.Pura Hun tukura sé bulu po:sum Pe:gu ké adnam potiné. == Midang == Bí buluké do:lu:ngídok po:sum Motilal Dole:ké omé Reboti Dole:mé midangém mola la:tagai == Sinam: == == Ka:yirsuko == 1.Prominent Mising personalities of Assam(II),Editor,Shri Nabin Chandra Taye,Tamténg-69 (2002). l6trj5mo6jt0rg0v6dt9rrmdpcbhd9o 7256084 7256083 2026-07-20T04:20:00Z Bhaigeswar Pagag 2687903 /* Migom Ager */ 7256084 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sisuram Pe:gu''' bí Golaghat mongkelok tadgénam tani:kai. Bí Ohom mimosok Ki-go ru:tum migom Daktor Ronuj Pe:gu odokké Miising Aí Ka:sísunané kébang lok Ru:tum Migang Paramanondo Sa:yengia Mimé Nondita Pe:gu Sa:yengiya ké abuai.Bíkké do:ludé Brohmoputro a:né lokké 13 kilo mitarko anínpé dungai.Buluké do:lu:dok aminém 'Bihiya' émtagai.Édé do:lu:dé Bokakhat taondok Dhansirimukh,Golaghat mo:dumlo dung.Édé adí:do 'Bihiya' do:lu:do okumé 60 kopé dungai.Édé adí:do buluké do:lung tani: kídardé aipé mité mirémla dungai.Dítag 1950 dok Tarémotondo tonnyudla amo:ngém arígém sibuk rakeddé ketpakto. == Onam == Po:sum Sisuram Pe:gumé 1930 dítagdo Golaghat mo:dumlok Dhonsirimukh, mongkelok 'Bihiya' do:ludo otagai. Bí po:sum Modhu Ram Pe:gu ké:lang po:sum Mamoli Dole: Pe:gu ké abí:pagdanné ao:éai.Bímyang ame:ya:né 4ko bírro odokké 5 ko ajjauné bírmé dungai. == Ponam == Bí Moriholla EL.PI(L.P) Skuldo porika.Bí dítag 1942 do pobug ponamém ai kampopé pokurto. Em.I (M.E)dém bí dítag 1945 dítagdo Sagmol Gurumukhrai Em.I (M.E) iskul Bokakhaddo édé adído silo mélokémpé bédu bédangé aimangai.Bí metrik anka:dém 1949 dítagdo déngkoto.Bí Golaghat mo:dumlok Mising réngamlok metrik anka:lo déngkoponé émna kindungai. Bíkké ma murkong kamala porikolo aipé ngasoddungai.Bím po:sum Nadharam Saikia lang Minaram Dole: bínyi poridopé ka:dumsula Jorhat Je.Bi Kole:j do aminém adlígbika.Odosin bí murkong ngasodla porilama:pé ikang.Me:lamdo Ramkrishna Soudhuri émnam ayangkané ami:dé bím poridopé ka:dumsuka.Bí Debraj Roy Kole:j Golaghat dolok 1952 takkído Ai.E (I.A) dém pa:sto odokké bí mgom ager magola Silong pé gíto. Bí " Offic of The Commissioner of Excise Asam " do kerani agerém 1953 dítagdok Januari po:lodo gerropka. Bí ager gerté:la "St. Anthony's College " do porika. Bí rokom 10 dokké yumé ayir 4 díbíg do:pé miggom ager gergela yumdéng 5 dokké yumé 9 díbígdo:pé kole:j gídungai . Bi.E (B.A) dém dítag 1955 do pa:sto. Bí "Law lang MA dém Guwahati bo poribomdungai 1956 dítagdo.Émdogom bíkké ma:nam yummadé yummapé ila du:pakkang. == Migom Ager == Bí migom agerém émpé kerani agerém 1952 do iropka.Me:lampé 1960 dítagdo A C.S-II pé ila Si.Di. (C.D Departments) pé yeto. "Block " migompé bí Panitola Development Block Chabuwa,Garo Hills Tribal development Block pé Resubabalpara, North West Jorhat development Block,Dhekargora lang Golaghat North Development Block,Dergau bo:sin agerém gaipé gerka.Bí Golakganj bo du:dom bí Ransi bo:lo po:lo píumné trening péboko ika.Édé pébodém "Job oriented course" ( Block Development Officer) ko ikai.Bí Borpeta bolo du:dom 02/01/1971 do "Election Officer" yeto.Bí Borpetado du:dagí:do Rastropoti Phokouddin Ali Ahmed bí Em.Pi.( M.P) pé Borpeta ru:banglokké 1971 dok ika.Em.Pi ilekson me:lam 1972 dítagí:do Ohom mimosok:lokkégom ilekson ika Bí ai kampopé édé ilekson pébo kídardém ka:si: mosi:boka. Bí " Administration and Land Revenue trainin" ko ika .Bí " Revenue circle" pé 1972 dítagdok May po:lo dokké 1977 dítagdok May po:lodo:pé Nahorkotiya lang Sonari lo ager gerka.Bí odogí:ngké ACS-I pé promuson pa:to. Bí "Extra Assistant Commissioner" pélang " Principal Revenue Assistant (EAC/PRA) ila Sibsagor do:pé 09-03-1977 dítagdo gerto. Bím ilekson migomdokkém topaggekula "Sub-Deputy Collector (Misc)" pé Nahorkutiyapé míktoai. E.Si.Es -(A.C.S,Sr.Gr.) migompé ila ai kampopé gerém gerka.Migom Pe:gu bí 33 dítakko migom Ager gergela 1988 dítagdok 31 Mars agerém gerto. '''Adnam:''' Bí migom ager gerdokom gomlabémsin labdungai.Bíkké adnam potin kídardé 1.Dhonsiri mukhor kotha 2.Mur jibonor dristi (Trying) 3. Dhonisiri mukhor dekati 4.Bibhrom 5.Sadmonamot Lakhon Sikari 6.Pura Hun tukura sé bulu po:sum Pe:gu ké adnam potiné. == Midang == Bí buluké do:lu:ngídok po:sum Motilal Dole:ké omé Reboti Dole:mé midangém mola la:tagai == Sinam: == == Ka:yirsuko == 1.Prominent Mising personalities of Assam(II),Editor,Shri Nabin Chandra Taye,Tamténg-69 (2002). ejrv669jbgz3jolwrlvuug7dyytltaz 7256085 7256084 2026-07-20T04:22:08Z Bhaigeswar Pagag 2687903 /* Migom Ager */ 7256085 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sisuram Pe:gu''' bí Golaghat mongkelok tadgénam tani:kai. Bí Ohom mimosok Ki-go ru:tum migom Daktor Ronuj Pe:gu odokké Miising Aí Ka:sísunané kébang lok Ru:tum Migang Paramanondo Sa:yengia Mimé Nondita Pe:gu Sa:yengiya ké abuai.Bíkké do:ludé Brohmoputro a:né lokké 13 kilo mitarko anínpé dungai.Buluké do:lu:dok aminém 'Bihiya' émtagai.Édé do:lu:dé Bokakhat taondok Dhansirimukh,Golaghat mo:dumlo dung.Édé adí:do 'Bihiya' do:lu:do okumé 60 kopé dungai.Édé adí:do buluké do:lung tani: kídardé aipé mité mirémla dungai.Dítag 1950 dok Tarémotondo tonnyudla amo:ngém arígém sibuk rakeddé ketpakto. == Onam == Po:sum Sisuram Pe:gumé 1930 dítagdo Golaghat mo:dumlok Dhonsirimukh, mongkelok 'Bihiya' do:ludo otagai. Bí po:sum Modhu Ram Pe:gu ké:lang po:sum Mamoli Dole: Pe:gu ké abí:pagdanné ao:éai.Bímyang ame:ya:né 4ko bírro odokké 5 ko ajjauné bírmé dungai. == Ponam == Bí Moriholla EL.PI(L.P) Skuldo porika.Bí dítag 1942 do pobug ponamém ai kampopé pokurto. Em.I (M.E)dém bí dítag 1945 dítagdo Sagmol Gurumukhrai Em.I (M.E) iskul Bokakhaddo édé adído silo mélokémpé bédu bédangé aimangai.Bí metrik anka:dém 1949 dítagdo déngkoto.Bí Golaghat mo:dumlok Mising réngamlok metrik anka:lo déngkoponé émna kindungai. Bíkké ma murkong kamala porikolo aipé ngasoddungai.Bím po:sum Nadharam Saikia lang Minaram Dole: bínyi poridopé ka:dumsula Jorhat Je.Bi Kole:j do aminém adlígbika.Odosin bí murkong ngasodla porilama:pé ikang.Me:lamdo Ramkrishna Soudhuri émnam ayangkané ami:dé bím poridopé ka:dumsuka.Bí Debraj Roy Kole:j Golaghat dolok 1952 takkído Ai.E (I.A) dém pa:sto odokké bí mgom ager magola Silong pé gíto. Bí " Offic of The Commissioner of Excise Asam " do kerani agerém 1953 dítagdok Januari po:lodo gerropka. Bí ager gerté:la "St. Anthony's College " do porika. Bí rokom 10 dokké yumé ayir 4 díbíg do:pé miggom ager gergela yumdéng 5 dokké yumé 9 díbígdo:pé kole:j gídungai . Bi.E (B.A) dém dítag 1955 do pa:sto. Bí "Law lang MA dém Guwahati bo poribomdungai 1956 dítagdo.Émdogom bíkké ma:nam yummadé yummapé ila du:pakkang. == Migom Ager == Bí migom agerém émpé kerani agerém 1952 do iropka.Me:lampé 1960 dítagdo A C.S-II pé ila Si.Di. (C.D Departments) pé yeto. "Block " migompé bí Panitola Development Block Chabuwa,Garo Hills Tribal development Block pé Resubabalpara, North West Jorhat development Block,Dhekargora lang Golaghat North Development Block,Dergau bo:sin agerém gaipé gerka.Bí Golakganj bo du:dom bí Ransi bo:lo po:lo píumné trening péboko ika.Édé pébodém "Job oriented course" ( Block Development Officer) ko ikai.Bí Borpeta bolo du:dom 02/01/1971 do "Election Officer" yeto.Bí Borpetado du:dagí:do Rastropoti Phokouddin Ali Ahmed bí Em.Pi.( M.P) pé Borpeta ru:banglokké 1971 dok ika.Em.Pi ilekson me:lam 1972 dítagí:do Ohom mimosok:lokkégom ilekson ika Bí ai kampopé édé ilekson pébo kídardém ka:si: mosi:boka. Bí " Administration and Land Revenue trainin" ko ika .Bí " Revenue circle" pé 1972 dítagdok May po:lo dokké 1977 dítagdok May po:lodo:pé Nahorkotiya lang Sonari lo ager gerka.Bí odogí:ngké ACS-I pé promuson pa:to. Bí "Extra Assistant Commissioner" pélang " Principal Revenue Assistant (EAC/PRA) ila Sibsagor do:pé 09-03-1977 dítagdo gerto.Édé adí Ohom Satro anduloném Sibsagordokké iropkang. Bím ilekson migomdokkém topaggekula "Sub-Deputy Collector (Misc)" pé Nahorkutiyapé míktoai. E.Si.Es -(A.C.S,Sr.Gr.) migompé ila ai kampopé gerém gerka.Migom Pe:gu bí 33 dítakko migom Ager gergela 1988 dítagdok 31 Mars agerém gerto. '''Adnam:''' Bí migom ager gerdokom gomlabémsin labdungai.Bíkké adnam potin kídardé 1.Dhonsiri mukhor kotha 2.Mur jibonor dristi (Trying) 3. Dhonisiri mukhor dekati 4.Bibhrom 5.Sadmonamot Lakhon Sikari 6.Pura Hun tukura sé bulu po:sum Pe:gu ké adnam potiné. == Midang == Bí buluké do:lu:ngídok po:sum Motilal Dole:ké omé Reboti Dole:mé midangém mola la:tagai == Sinam: == == Ka:yirsuko == 1.Prominent Mising personalities of Assam(II),Editor,Shri Nabin Chandra Taye,Tamténg-69 (2002). ip40ngccf08oj0ac0xllptos5z96685 7256086 7256085 2026-07-20T04:23:41Z Bhaigeswar Pagag 2687903 /* Migom Ager */ 7256086 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sisuram Pe:gu''' bí Golaghat mongkelok tadgénam tani:kai. Bí Ohom mimosok Ki-go ru:tum migom Daktor Ronuj Pe:gu odokké Miising Aí Ka:sísunané kébang lok Ru:tum Migang Paramanondo Sa:yengia Mimé Nondita Pe:gu Sa:yengiya ké abuai.Bíkké do:ludé Brohmoputro a:né lokké 13 kilo mitarko anínpé dungai.Buluké do:lu:dok aminém 'Bihiya' émtagai.Édé do:lu:dé Bokakhat taondok Dhansirimukh,Golaghat mo:dumlo dung.Édé adí:do 'Bihiya' do:lu:do okumé 60 kopé dungai.Édé adí:do buluké do:lung tani: kídardé aipé mité mirémla dungai.Dítag 1950 dok Tarémotondo tonnyudla amo:ngém arígém sibuk rakeddé ketpakto. == Onam == Po:sum Sisuram Pe:gumé 1930 dítagdo Golaghat mo:dumlok Dhonsirimukh, mongkelok 'Bihiya' do:ludo otagai. Bí po:sum Modhu Ram Pe:gu ké:lang po:sum Mamoli Dole: Pe:gu ké abí:pagdanné ao:éai.Bímyang ame:ya:né 4ko bírro odokké 5 ko ajjauné bírmé dungai. == Ponam == Bí Moriholla EL.PI(L.P) Skuldo porika.Bí dítag 1942 do pobug ponamém ai kampopé pokurto. Em.I (M.E)dém bí dítag 1945 dítagdo Sagmol Gurumukhrai Em.I (M.E) iskul Bokakhaddo édé adído silo mélokémpé bédu bédangé aimangai.Bí metrik anka:dém 1949 dítagdo déngkoto.Bí Golaghat mo:dumlok Mising réngamlok metrik anka:lo déngkoponé émna kindungai. Bíkké ma murkong kamala porikolo aipé ngasoddungai.Bím po:sum Nadharam Saikia lang Minaram Dole: bínyi poridopé ka:dumsula Jorhat Je.Bi Kole:j do aminém adlígbika.Odosin bí murkong ngasodla porilama:pé ikang.Me:lamdo Ramkrishna Soudhuri émnam ayangkané ami:dé bím poridopé ka:dumsuka.Bí Debraj Roy Kole:j Golaghat dolok 1952 takkído Ai.E (I.A) dém pa:sto odokké bí mgom ager magola Silong pé gíto. Bí " Offic of The Commissioner of Excise Asam " do kerani agerém 1953 dítagdok Januari po:lodo gerropka. Bí ager gerté:la "St. Anthony's College " do porika. Bí rokom 10 dokké yumé ayir 4 díbíg do:pé miggom ager gergela yumdéng 5 dokké yumé 9 díbígdo:pé kole:j gídungai . Bi.E (B.A) dém dítag 1955 do pa:sto. Bí "Law lang MA dém Guwahati bo poribomdungai 1956 dítagdo.Émdogom bíkké ma:nam yummadé yummapé ila du:pakkang. == Migom Ager == Bí migom agerém émpé kerani agerém 1952 do iropka.Me:lampé 1960 dítagdo A C.S-II pé ila Si.Di. (C.D Departments) pé yeto. "Block " migompé bí Panitola Development Block Chabuwa,Garo Hills Tribal development Block pé Resubabalpara, North West Jorhat development Block,Dhekargora lang Golaghat North Development Block,Dergau bo:sin agerém gaipé gerka.Bí Golakganj bo du:dom bí Ransi bo:lo po:lo píumné trening péboko ika.Édé pébodém "Job oriented course" ( Block Development Officer) ko ikai.Bí Borpeta bolo du:dom 02/01/1971 do "Election Officer" yeto.Bí Borpetado du:dagí:do Rastropoti Phokouddin Ali Ahmed bí Em.Pi.( M.P) pé Borpeta ru:banglokké 1971 dok ika.Em.Pi ilekson me:lam 1972 dítagí:do Ohom mimosok:lokkégom ilekson ika Bí ai kampopé édé ilekson pébo kídardém ka:si: mosi:boka. Bí " Administration and Land Revenue trainin" ko ika .Bí " Revenue circle" pé 1972 dítagdok May po:lo dokké 1977 dítagdok May po:lodo:pé Nahorkotiya lang Sonari lo ager gerka.Bí odogí:ngké ACS-I pé promuson pa:to. Bí "Extra Assistant Commissioner" pélang " Principal Revenue Assistant (EAC/PRA) ila Sibsagor do:pé 09-03-1977 dítagdo gerto.Édé adí Ohom Satro anduloném Sibsagordokké iropkang.Ohom mimosok:lok ileksonégom 1978 dítagdo kato. Bím ilekson migomdokkém topaggekula "Sub-Deputy Collector (Misc)" pé Nahorkutiyapé míktoai. E.Si.Es -(A.C.S,Sr.Gr.) migompé ila ai kampopé gerém gerka.Migom Pe:gu bí 33 dítakko migom Ager gergela 1988 dítagdok 31 Mars agerém gerto. '''Adnam:''' Bí migom ager gerdokom gomlabémsin labdungai.Bíkké adnam potin kídardé 1.Dhonsiri mukhor kotha 2.Mur jibonor dristi (Trying) 3. Dhonisiri mukhor dekati 4.Bibhrom 5.Sadmonamot Lakhon Sikari 6.Pura Hun tukura sé bulu po:sum Pe:gu ké adnam potiné. == Midang == Bí buluké do:lu:ngídok po:sum Motilal Dole:ké omé Reboti Dole:mé midangém mola la:tagai == Sinam: == == Ka:yirsuko == 1.Prominent Mising personalities of Assam(II),Editor,Shri Nabin Chandra Taye,Tamténg-69 (2002). 0qtmstbziwj8ec8yfdlhiv6q09i1lmg 7256087 7256086 2026-07-20T04:25:36Z Bhaigeswar Pagag 2687903 /* Migom Ager */ 7256087 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sisuram Pe:gu''' bí Golaghat mongkelok tadgénam tani:kai. Bí Ohom mimosok Ki-go ru:tum migom Daktor Ronuj Pe:gu odokké Miising Aí Ka:sísunané kébang lok Ru:tum Migang Paramanondo Sa:yengia Mimé Nondita Pe:gu Sa:yengiya ké abuai.Bíkké do:ludé Brohmoputro a:né lokké 13 kilo mitarko anínpé dungai.Buluké do:lu:dok aminém 'Bihiya' émtagai.Édé do:lu:dé Bokakhat taondok Dhansirimukh,Golaghat mo:dumlo dung.Édé adí:do 'Bihiya' do:lu:do okumé 60 kopé dungai.Édé adí:do buluké do:lung tani: kídardé aipé mité mirémla dungai.Dítag 1950 dok Tarémotondo tonnyudla amo:ngém arígém sibuk rakeddé ketpakto. == Onam == Po:sum Sisuram Pe:gumé 1930 dítagdo Golaghat mo:dumlok Dhonsirimukh, mongkelok 'Bihiya' do:ludo otagai. Bí po:sum Modhu Ram Pe:gu ké:lang po:sum Mamoli Dole: Pe:gu ké abí:pagdanné ao:éai.Bímyang ame:ya:né 4ko bírro odokké 5 ko ajjauné bírmé dungai. == Ponam == Bí Moriholla EL.PI(L.P) Skuldo porika.Bí dítag 1942 do pobug ponamém ai kampopé pokurto. Em.I (M.E)dém bí dítag 1945 dítagdo Sagmol Gurumukhrai Em.I (M.E) iskul Bokakhaddo édé adído silo mélokémpé bédu bédangé aimangai.Bí metrik anka:dém 1949 dítagdo déngkoto.Bí Golaghat mo:dumlok Mising réngamlok metrik anka:lo déngkoponé émna kindungai. Bíkké ma murkong kamala porikolo aipé ngasoddungai.Bím po:sum Nadharam Saikia lang Minaram Dole: bínyi poridopé ka:dumsula Jorhat Je.Bi Kole:j do aminém adlígbika.Odosin bí murkong ngasodla porilama:pé ikang.Me:lamdo Ramkrishna Soudhuri émnam ayangkané ami:dé bím poridopé ka:dumsuka.Bí Debraj Roy Kole:j Golaghat dolok 1952 takkído Ai.E (I.A) dém pa:sto odokké bí mgom ager magola Silong pé gíto. Bí " Offic of The Commissioner of Excise Asam " do kerani agerém 1953 dítagdok Januari po:lodo gerropka. Bí ager gerté:la "St. Anthony's College " do porika. Bí rokom 10 dokké yumé ayir 4 díbíg do:pé miggom ager gergela yumdéng 5 dokké yumé 9 díbígdo:pé kole:j gídungai . Bi.E (B.A) dém dítag 1955 do pa:sto. Bí "Law lang MA dém Guwahati bo poribomdungai 1956 dítagdo.Émdogom bíkké ma:nam yummadé yummapé ila du:pakkang. == Migom Ager == Bí migom agerém émpé kerani agerém 1952 do iropka.Me:lampé 1960 dítagdo A C.S-II pé ila Si.Di. (C.D Departments) pé yeto. "Block " migompé bí Panitola Development Block Chabuwa,Garo Hills Tribal development Block pé Resubabalpara, North West Jorhat development Block,Dhekargora lang Golaghat North Development Block,Dergau bo:sin agerém gaipé gerka.Bí Golakganj bo du:dom bí Ransi bo:lo po:lo píumné trening péboko ika.Édé pébodém "Job oriented course" ( Block Development Officer) ko ikai.Bí Borpeta bolo du:dom 02/01/1971 do "Election Officer" yeto.Bí Borpetado du:dagí:do Rastropoti Phokouddin Ali Ahmed bí Em.Pi.( M.P) pé Borpeta ru:banglokké 1971 dok ika.Em.Pi ilekson me:lam 1972 dítagí:do Ohom mimosok:lokkégom ilekson ika Bí ai kampopé édé ilekson pébo kídardém ka:si: mosi:boka. Bí " Administration and Land Revenue trainin" ko ika .Bí " Revenue circle" pé 1972 dítagdok May po:lo dokké 1977 dítagdok May po:lodo:pé Nahorkotiya lang Sonari lo ager gerka.Bí odogí:ngké ACS-I pé promuson pa:to. Bí "Extra Assistant Commissioner" pélang " Principal Revenue Assistant (EAC/PRA) ila Sibsagor do:pé 09-03-1977 dítagdo gerto.Édé adí Ohom Satro anduloném Sibsagordokké iropkang.Ohom mimosok:lok ileksonégom 1978 dítagdo kato.Migom Pe:gubí aipé ngasod ara:ngído gerpénarum agerko émna asin olíksula agerém gerka. Bím ilekson migomdokkém topaggekula "Sub-Deputy Collector (Misc)" pé Nahorkutiyapé míktoai. E.Si.Es -(A.C.S,Sr.Gr.) migompé ila ai kampopé gerém gerka.Migom Pe:gu bí 33 dítakko migom Ager gergela 1988 dítagdok 31 Mars agerém gerto. '''Adnam:''' Bí migom ager gerdokom gomlabémsin labdungai.Bíkké adnam potin kídardé 1.Dhonsiri mukhor kotha 2.Mur jibonor dristi (Trying) 3. Dhonisiri mukhor dekati 4.Bibhrom 5.Sadmonamot Lakhon Sikari 6.Pura Hun tukura sé bulu po:sum Pe:gu ké adnam potiné. == Midang == Bí buluké do:lu:ngídok po:sum Motilal Dole:ké omé Reboti Dole:mé midangém mola la:tagai == Sinam: == == Ka:yirsuko == 1.Prominent Mising personalities of Assam(II),Editor,Shri Nabin Chandra Taye,Tamténg-69 (2002). mvdnta7khcxny4h1d8t02yxdq7k2lgv 7256088 7256087 2026-07-20T04:28:11Z Bhaigeswar Pagag 2687903 /* Migom Ager */ 7256088 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sisuram Pe:gu''' bí Golaghat mongkelok tadgénam tani:kai. Bí Ohom mimosok Ki-go ru:tum migom Daktor Ronuj Pe:gu odokké Miising Aí Ka:sísunané kébang lok Ru:tum Migang Paramanondo Sa:yengia Mimé Nondita Pe:gu Sa:yengiya ké abuai.Bíkké do:ludé Brohmoputro a:né lokké 13 kilo mitarko anínpé dungai.Buluké do:lu:dok aminém 'Bihiya' émtagai.Édé do:lu:dé Bokakhat taondok Dhansirimukh,Golaghat mo:dumlo dung.Édé adí:do 'Bihiya' do:lu:do okumé 60 kopé dungai.Édé adí:do buluké do:lung tani: kídardé aipé mité mirémla dungai.Dítag 1950 dok Tarémotondo tonnyudla amo:ngém arígém sibuk rakeddé ketpakto. == Onam == Po:sum Sisuram Pe:gumé 1930 dítagdo Golaghat mo:dumlok Dhonsirimukh, mongkelok 'Bihiya' do:ludo otagai. Bí po:sum Modhu Ram Pe:gu ké:lang po:sum Mamoli Dole: Pe:gu ké abí:pagdanné ao:éai.Bímyang ame:ya:né 4ko bírro odokké 5 ko ajjauné bírmé dungai. == Ponam == Bí Moriholla EL.PI(L.P) Skuldo porika.Bí dítag 1942 do pobug ponamém ai kampopé pokurto. Em.I (M.E)dém bí dítag 1945 dítagdo Sagmol Gurumukhrai Em.I (M.E) iskul Bokakhaddo édé adído silo mélokémpé bédu bédangé aimangai.Bí metrik anka:dém 1949 dítagdo déngkoto.Bí Golaghat mo:dumlok Mising réngamlok metrik anka:lo déngkoponé émna kindungai. Bíkké ma murkong kamala porikolo aipé ngasoddungai.Bím po:sum Nadharam Saikia lang Minaram Dole: bínyi poridopé ka:dumsula Jorhat Je.Bi Kole:j do aminém adlígbika.Odosin bí murkong ngasodla porilama:pé ikang.Me:lamdo Ramkrishna Soudhuri émnam ayangkané ami:dé bím poridopé ka:dumsuka.Bí Debraj Roy Kole:j Golaghat dolok 1952 takkído Ai.E (I.A) dém pa:sto odokké bí mgom ager magola Silong pé gíto. Bí " Offic of The Commissioner of Excise Asam " do kerani agerém 1953 dítagdok Januari po:lodo gerropka. Bí ager gerté:la "St. Anthony's College " do porika. Bí rokom 10 dokké yumé ayir 4 díbíg do:pé miggom ager gergela yumdéng 5 dokké yumé 9 díbígdo:pé kole:j gídungai . Bi.E (B.A) dém dítag 1955 do pa:sto. Bí "Law lang MA dém Guwahati bo poribomdungai 1956 dítagdo.Émdogom bíkké ma:nam yummadé yummapé ila du:pakkang. == Migom Ager == Bí migom agerém émpé kerani agerém 1952 do iropka.Me:lampé 1960 dítagdo A C.S-II pé ila Si.Di. (C.D Departments) pé yeto. "Block " migompé bí Panitola Development Block Chabuwa,Garo Hills Tribal development Block pé Resubabalpara, North West Jorhat development Block,Dhekargora lang Golaghat North Development Block,Dergau bo:sin agerém gaipé gerka.Bí Golakganj bo du:dom bí Ransi bo:lo po:lo píumné trening péboko ika.Édé pébodém "Job oriented course" ( Block Development Officer) ko ikai.Bí Borpeta bolo du:dom 02/01/1971 do "Election Officer" yeto.Bí Borpetado du:dagí:do Rastropoti Phokouddin Ali Ahmed bí Em.Pi.( M.P) pé Borpeta ru:banglokké 1971 dok ika.Em.Pi ilekson me:lam 1972 dítagí:do Ohom mimosok:lokkégom ilekson ika Bí ai kampopé édé ilekson pébo kídardém ka:si: mosi:boka. Bí " Administration and Land Revenue trainin" ko ika .Bí " Revenue circle" pé 1972 dítagdok May po:lo dokké 1977 dítagdok May po:lodo:pé Nahorkotiya lang Sonari lo ager gerka.Bí odogí:ngké ACS-I pé promuson pa:to. Bí "Extra Assistant Commissioner" pélang " Principal Revenue Assistant (EAC/PRA) ila Sibsagor do:pé 09-03-1977 dítagdo gerto.Édé adí Ohom Satro anduloném Sibsagordokké iropkang.Ohom mimosok:lok ileksonégom 1978 dítagdo kato.Migom Pe:gubí aipé ngasod ara:ngído gerpénarum agerko émna asin olíksula agerém gerka.Bí 1979 dítagdok Agosto po:lodo Jorhatpé "Commissioner " mola mélíkto. Bím ilekson migomdokkém topaggekula "Sub-Deputy Collector (Misc)" pé Nahorkutiyapé míktoai. E.Si.Es -(A.C.S,Sr.Gr.) migompé ila ai kampopé gerém gerka.Migom Pe:gu bí 33 dítakko migom Ager gergela 1988 dítagdok 31 Mars agerém gerto. '''Adnam:''' Bí migom ager gerdokom gomlabémsin labdungai.Bíkké adnam potin kídardé 1.Dhonsiri mukhor kotha 2.Mur jibonor dristi (Trying) 3. Dhonisiri mukhor dekati 4.Bibhrom 5.Sadmonamot Lakhon Sikari 6.Pura Hun tukura sé bulu po:sum Pe:gu ké adnam potiné. == Midang == Bí buluké do:lu:ngídok po:sum Motilal Dole:ké omé Reboti Dole:mé midangém mola la:tagai == Sinam: == == Ka:yirsuko == 1.Prominent Mising personalities of Assam(II),Editor,Shri Nabin Chandra Taye,Tamténg-69 (2002). 103a9ere5ddl6xr58ygsc9xbdahzn0x 0 3791410 7255989 7255204 2026-07-20T01:31:08Z AtIácatI 2693788 7255989 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''TENHAJAT''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Adjetivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Adjective ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nuria Danixa Sandoval-tenhajat.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Eugene de Blaas The Friendly Gossips.jpg|thumb|250px|Tenhajat]] === Español === Boca de agua (chismoso) Titenhajat: Eres un boca de agua.. === English === Water outlet: Bigmouth, blabbermouth (gossip) Titenhajat: You're a blabbermouth. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Adjetivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] 5xw6d3f4mb6rq1cxgtdpfwy3zb0nj19 0 3791421 7255913 7255234 2026-07-19T22:23:49Z ~2026-40720-75 2694888 7255913 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Postman Pat (7954159424).jpg|thumb]] '''Postman Pat'''. John Cunliffe. Ivor Wood. Woodland Animations. 1981. [[Category:Wp/nyn]] {{INTERWIKI|Q1143800}} silum2fmqnt3ec1b6uypret91vsrzrx 0 3791431 7256297 7255631 2026-07-20T09:03:45Z Shayi ngolu 2566594 7256297 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mamu Kanzaku''' dina djenda '''Marie-Louise Mombila Ngelebeya''', muledjbue le 11 juin 1930, Wafwa pa 29 wa ngondo wa Lumingu 2009. Ùvwa mumanyike bu mufundishi wa bileejilu bia ku radio ne ku télévision mu République démocratique du Congo. Ùvwa mumanyike bikole bua bileejilu biandi bìvwà bìtangila muziki wa bantu wa Congo. [[File:Mama Kanzaku Officiel photo.jpg]] [[Category:Wp/lua]] 6kxs2j7zfmhm0b2wsquo1s27waaxr2t 7256325 7256297 2026-07-20T09:18:30Z Shayi ngolu 2566594 7256325 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mamu Kanzaku''' dina djenda '''Marie-Louise Mombila Ngelebeya''', muledjbue le 11 juin 1930, Wafwa pa 29 wa ngondo wa Lumingu 2009. Ùvwa mumanyike bu mufundishi wa bileejilu bia ku radio ne ku télévision mu République démocratique du Congo. Ùvwa mumanyike bikole bua bileejilu biandi bìvwà bìtangila muziki wa bantu wa Congo. [[File:Mama Kanzaku Officiel photo.jpg|150px|right]] [[Category:Wp/lua]] nd2u72m9r8xdxxwn3krs4gs8ilmi82q 7256514 7256325 2026-07-20T11:36:41Z Shayi ngolu 2566594 Co 7256514 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mamu Kanzaku''' dina djenda '''Marie-Louise Mombila Ngelebeya''', muledjbue le 11 juin 1930, Wafwa pa 29 wa ngondo wa Lumingu 2009. Ùvwa mumanyike bu mufundishi wa bileejilu bia ku radio ne ku télévision mu [[Wp/lua/Ditunga dia Kongu wa Mungalaata|République démocratique du Congo]]. Ùvwa mumanyike bikole bua bileejilu biandi bìvwà bìtangila muziki wa bantu wa Congo. [[File:Mama Kanzaku Officiel photo.jpg|150px|right]] [[Category:Wp/lua]] 70i1116i9wfcja4ghqy6lspkeaxhzyo 0 3791467 7255737 7255552 2026-07-19T16:11:42Z WikiFayo95 2609576 /* Geogróófii */ 7255737 wikitext text/x-wiki ''Disser artikkel behannelt däi geogróófsk tsôon. Föör däi kuntinent kiik [[Wp/frs/Antarktikó|Antarktikó]].'' [[File:Antarctica-Region.png|thumb|Däi Antarktis mit däi antarktisk kunwergens]] Däi '''Antarktis''' ([[Wp/frs/Olgräiksk|olgräiksk]] ἀνταρκτικός ''antarktikós'', „teegenoover däi [[Wp/frs/Arktis|Arktis]]“; ook süüdelk poolaargebiit) umfat't däi um däi [[Wp/frs/Süüdpool|Süüdpool]] liegend land- un seigebiiten, alsoo ruuğweğ däi kuntinent [[Wp/frs/Antarktikó|Antarktikó]] un däi [[Wp/frs/Antarktisk Oseóón|Antarktisk Oseóón]]. Säi is d'r mit äien fan däi twei [[Wp/frs/Poolaargebiit|poolaargebiit]]en fan d' [[Wp/frs/Êer|êer]]. As geogróófsk-astronoomsk tsôon word't däi Antarktis döör däi süüdelk [[Wp/frs/Poolaarkrais|poolaarkrais]] begrenst un löpt d'r mit fan däi Süüdpool bit 66° 33′ süüdelk bräed't. As oseóónogróófsk gräens telt däi [[Wp/frs/Antarktisk kunwergens|antarktisk kunwergens]] bii r.w. 50° süüdelk bräed't, wor dat koel antarktisk wóóter unner dat waarmerder subtroopsk boovenwóóter sinkt. Siit däi [[Wp/frs/Antarktiskuntrakt|Antarktiskuntrakt]] fan 1959 telt däi 60. süüdelk [[Wp/frs/Bred'tengróód|bred'tengróód]] as politisk gräens fan d' Antarktis.<ref name="ATS">[https://www.ats.aq/e/antarctictreaty.html The Antarctic Treaty.] Secretariat of the Antarctic Treaty, ofraupen up d' 18. julii 2026 (engelsk).</ref> Däi tsôon tüsken 46° un 60° süüdelk bräed't word't ook [[Wp/frs/Subantarktis|subantarktisk]] nöymt. As däi Antarktisk Oseóón in 't joer 2000 mit däi 60. bred'tengróód fastläeğt wur, begun disser gräens ook inflaud up däi begrip Antarktis t' neemen. Däi Subantarktis bild't däi süüdelk tsôon fan däi umliegend seigebiiten Süüdatlantik, Süüdpatsiifik un Süüdelk Indisk Oseóón. Fan r.w. 1820 of an wur däi Antarktis fan ferskeelend wäitenskuppers un seiforders beforen un unnersöcht. Säi is dat teegenstük fan däi [[Wp/frs/Arktis|Arktis]], däi up d' noordelk halfkuugel um däi [[Wp/frs/Noordpool|Noordpool]] tau liğt. In däi [[Wp/frs/Antarktiskuntrakt|Antarktiskuntrakt]] fan 1959 wurdent reegels föör d' freedelk gebruuk un dat unnersöyken fan âal gebiiten tüsken 60 un 90 gróód süüdelk bräed't fastläeğt. Däi landsdäil fan d' Antarktis bild't dat grôotst iiswöysten fan d' êer. Bloot in häil min gebiiten bii d' küest góónt iiswöystenkliimótsoonen in tundrókliimótsoonen oover. == Geogróófii == Däi Antarktis as geogróófsk-astronoomsk poolaarkraistsôon süüdelk fan 66,6° süüdelk bräed't is 21,2 miljoonen kwadróótkilomeeter groot; däi regjoon bit 50° süüdelk bräed't is 52 miljoonen kwadróótkilomeeter groot. Däi grôotst däil d'r fan is man oseóón. Bloot wat landsdäilen fan däi [[Wp/frs/Antarktisk Halfailâan|Antarktisk Halfailâan]] liegent noordelk fan däi 66. bred'tengróód; dat sülviğ gelt föör lütje däilen fan Oostantarktikó. Däi kuntinent [[Wp/frs/Antarktikó|Antarktikó]] is mit bold 13,62 miljoonen kwadróótkilomeeter r.w. 3,1 miljoonen kwadróótkiilomeeter grooter as [[Wp/frs/Europó|Europó]]. Däi genâau flâakt fan däi landsdäil is näit bekent, um dat grôot däilen fan däi stenniğ iisbedekkens bii d' rand uut [[Wp/frs/Skelfiis|skelfiis]] bestóónt, dat wóóterflakten as t. b. seibuğten bedekt. Däi nóóliegend grooterder landmassen bünt [[Wp/frs/Fürland|Fürland]] an däi süüdelk punkt fan [[Wp/frs/Süüdamerikó|Süüdamerikó]], Kóóp Agulhas in [[Wp/frs/Süüdóófrikó|Süüdóófrikó]] as ook däi ailâan [[Wp/frs/Tasmóónien|Tasmóónien]] un [[Wp/frs/Neiseiland|Neiseiland]]. == Kliimó un iis == In d' Antarktis wordent däi lêeğst temperótüren fan d' êer meeten. Up däi kuntinent Antarktikó liğt däi grôotst t'sóómenhangend iismâas fan d' weerld. Dat binnenland het 'n läip drööeğ iiswöystenkliimó, wiilst däi küsten un däi föörlóógert ailâan wat minner kold bünt. In d' winter word't 'n grôot däil fan däi [[Wp/frs/Antarktisk Oseóón|Antarktisk Oseóón]] mit iis bedekt. Dat iis up d' säj smelt't in d' süüdelk sömmer grootendäils weer. Däi flâakt fan dat iis ferannert sük d'r mit in d' loop fan 't joer läip staark. Däi Antarktisk Oseóón un dat antarktisk iis hebbent 'n wichtiğ inflaud up dat weerldkliimó, um dat säi wâarmt, wóóter un köölenstof tüsken däi oseóónen uuttuuskern daunt.<ref>[https://www.antarctica.gov.au/science/climate-processes-and-change/oceans-and-marine-ice-in-the-southern-hemisphere/ Sea ice and oceans.] Australian Antarctic Program, ofraupen up d' 19. julii 2026 (engelsk).</ref> == Unnersöyken un politik == [[File:Souvenir-Sheet.jpg|thumb|Bulgaarsk bräifmaarkenblok tau d' 10. jorsdağ fan dat bulgaarsk antarktisk föörskern]] Dat [[Wp/frs/Internóósjoonóóel Geofüüsisk Joer|Internóósjoonóóel Geofüüsisk Joer]] 1957/58 förde tau 'n staarkerder t'sóómenaarbaid tüsken wäitenskuppers uut ferskeelend stóóten. Up d' 1. desember 1959 wur in Washington däi [[Wp/frs/Antarktiskuntrakt|Antarktiskuntrakt]] unnerskreeven; häi trad up d' 23. junii 1961 in kracht.<ref name="ATS" /> Nóó däi kuntrakt dürent däi gebiiten süüdelk fan 60° süüdelk bräed't bloot föör freedelk tswekken bruukt worden. Dat wäitenskuppelk unnersöyken un dat uuttuuskern fan unnersöykensresultóóten söölent fräj möögelk weesen. Fandóóeğ gift dat in d' Antarktis fööl unnersöykensstóósjoonen fan ferskeelend stóóten. Man d'r gift dat kiin stenniğ befolken; däi minsken, däi dor leevent un aarbaident, bünt f'râal wäitenskuppers un technisk mitaarbaiders. == Wellen == [[Category:Wp/frs]] {{INTERWIKI|Q1555938}} e94aq6uhok032e0d36dug0xxp1kttwm 0 3791470 7255776 7255378 2026-07-19T17:26:20Z 海南深情 2661224 Changed redirect target from [[Wp/hnm/厝侬]] to [[Wp/hnm/厝]] 7255776 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Wp/hnm/厝|厝]] 95zo4qj1ciikudjxim6a6m1sotcv1dh 0 3791518 7256420 7255501 2026-07-20T10:30:05Z Regina Gbolo 2666719 7256420 wikitext text/x-wiki Cappon magro ( Italian: [Kap'pom 'ma:gro]; Ligurian: capon magro, Ligurian: [ka,puŋ 'ma:gru]) ɩɛ Genoese salad tɩɩhʋɛ ŋa baŋ maŋ dɩ kʋɔŋ puo sɩɩmaa nɩŋ vaarɩ a dɩ dɔglɩ hardtack baŋ bimaa aŋ yiniŋ wo pyramid baŋ paahɩ sauce. Sɩɩmaa mine mɩŋ aŋ la yiniŋ cappon magro la capponatta Liguria puo ( Ligurian: cappunadda), Sardinia puo baŋ bʋɔnaa capponata anɩŋ caponata estiva bɩɩ caponata di pesce campania puo. Ʋ ɩɛ salad ŋa baŋ maŋ dɩ kombie, cucumber, samaanɩɩ, lettuce, jɛlɩ dʋgrɩɩ, borttaga anɩŋ dried tuna baŋ dɩ olive oil paahɩ.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bottarga</ref> lx54q6xqou2k5uuimyv61eewc5rc5ut 7256454 7256420 2026-07-20T10:46:18Z Regina Gbolo 2666719 Added more information 7256454 wikitext text/x-wiki Cappon magro ( Italian: [Kap'pom 'ma:gro]; Ligurian: capon magro, Ligurian: [ka,puŋ 'ma:gru]) ɩɛ Genoese salad tɩɩhʋɛ ŋa baŋ maŋ dɩ kʋɔŋ puo sɩɩmaa nɩŋ vaarɩ a dɩ dɔglɩ hardtack baŋ bimaa aŋ yiniŋ wo pyramid baŋ paahɩ sauce. Sɩɩmaa mine mɩŋ aŋ la yiniŋ cappon magro la capponatta Liguria puo ( Ligurian: cappunadda), Sardinia puo baŋ bʋɔnaa capponata anɩŋ caponata estiva bɩɩ caponata di pesce campania puo. Ʋ ɩɛ salad ŋa baŋ maŋ dɩ kombie, cucumber, samaanɩɩ, lettuce, jɛlɩ dʋgrɩɩ, borttaga anɩŋ dried tuna baŋ dɩ olive oil paahɩ.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bottarga</ref> Yuori Cappon magro muni la 'fast-day capon'. Anɩŋ a sɩɩmaa ŋa aŋ ba tarɩ nɛnɩ bʋʋrɩɩ jaa ʋ puo juŋ, Traditional Catholic Fasting begri wuleeŋ ka ʋ sʋmaŋ ku ba nɔ le beri apaahɩ christmas eve. Capon bigihee wonee poultry capon aŋ ɩ Christmas lesiri sɩɩmaa. Bɩɩ baŋ ka ʋ yinee biscuit base, bigihee puoŋ awo French chapon, baŋ maŋ ŋmaa paanʋʋ a dɩ garlic sɔ kyɛ dɩ ɩŋ jɩɛrɩ muni bɩɩ salad laa muni.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)</ref> sdusiyg8uwbf8g26wjzi15gkafvj4hj 7256485 7256454 2026-07-20T10:57:01Z Regina Gbolo 2666719 7256485 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Cappon magro''' ( Italian: [Kap'pom 'ma:gro]; Ligurian: capon magro, Ligurian: [ka,puŋ 'ma:gru]) ɩɛ Genoese salad tɩɩhʋɛ ŋa baŋ maŋ dɩ kʋɔŋ puo sɩɩmaa nɩŋ vaarɩ a dɩ dɔglɩ hardtack baŋ bimaa aŋ yiniŋ wo pyramid baŋ paahɩ sauce. Sɩɩmaa mine mɩŋ aŋ la yiniŋ cappon magro la capponatta Liguria puo ( Ligurian: cappunadda), Sardinia puo baŋ bʋɔnaa capponata anɩŋ caponata estiva bɩɩ caponata di pesce campania puo. Ʋ ɩɛ salad ŋa baŋ maŋ dɩ kombie, cucumber, samaanɩɩ, lettuce, jɛlɩ dʋgrɩɩ, borttaga anɩŋ dried tuna baŋ dɩ olive oil paahɩ.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bottarga</ref> Yuori Cappon magro muni la 'fast-day capon'. Anɩŋ a sɩɩmaa ŋa aŋ ba tarɩ nɛnɩ bʋʋrɩɩ jaa ʋ puo juŋ, Traditional Catholic Fasting begri wuleeŋ ka ʋ sʋmaŋ ku ba nɔ le beri apaahɩ christmas eve. Capon bigihee wonee poultry capon aŋ ɩ Christmas lesiri sɩɩmaa. Bɩɩ baŋ ka ʋ yinee biscuit base, bigihee puoŋ awo French chapon, baŋ maŋ ŋmaa paanʋʋ a dɩ garlic sɔ kyɛ dɩ ɩŋ jɩɛrɩ muni bɩɩ salad laa muni.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)</ref> Ba na baŋ la yɛlɩŋ ka ʋ ɩɛ a jɩma nɩ mine baŋ bʋɔna "cappone" (kyɛ bɩɩ gurnad bɩɩ red mullet).<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_mullet</ref> == Tarɩjiihi == ay1b3mzn8e86id1thauql3xizd6qgex 7256488 7256485 2026-07-20T10:58:18Z Regina Gbolo 2666719 7256488 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Cappon magro''' ( Italian: [Kap'pom 'ma:gro]; Ligurian: capon magro, Ligurian: [ka,puŋ 'ma:gru]) ɩɛ Genoese salad tɩɩhʋɛ ŋa baŋ maŋ dɩ kʋɔŋ puo sɩɩmaa nɩŋ vaarɩ a dɩ dɔglɩ hardtack baŋ bimaa aŋ yiniŋ wo pyramid baŋ paahɩ sauce. Sɩɩmaa mine mɩŋ aŋ la yiniŋ cappon magro la capponatta Liguria puo ( Ligurian: cappunadda), Sardinia puo baŋ bʋɔnaa capponata anɩŋ caponata estiva bɩɩ caponata di pesce campania puo. Ʋ ɩɛ salad ŋa baŋ maŋ dɩ kombie, cucumber, samaanɩɩ, lettuce, jɛlɩ dʋgrɩɩ, borttaga anɩŋ dried tuna baŋ dɩ olive oil paahɩ.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bottarga</ref> == Yuori == Cappon magro muni la 'fast-day capon'. Anɩŋ a sɩɩmaa ŋa aŋ ba tarɩ nɛnɩ bʋʋrɩɩ jaa ʋ puo juŋ, Traditional Catholic Fasting begri wuleeŋ ka ʋ sʋmaŋ ku ba nɔ le beri apaahɩ christmas eve. Capon bigihee wonee poultry capon aŋ ɩ Christmas lesiri sɩɩmaa. Bɩɩ baŋ ka ʋ yinee biscuit base, bigihee puoŋ awo French chapon, baŋ maŋ ŋmaa paanʋʋ a dɩ garlic sɔ kyɛ dɩ ɩŋ jɩɛrɩ muni bɩɩ salad laa muni.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)</ref> Ba na baŋ la yɛlɩŋ ka ʋ ɩɛ a jɩma nɩ mine baŋ bʋɔna "cappone" (kyɛ bɩɩ gurnad bɩɩ red mullet).<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_mullet</ref> == Tarɩjiihi == q57n5mlsuga61eupix2wj0z90rx8hq2 0 3791540 7255686 7255644 2026-07-19T14:21:46Z Bonny256 2693064 Added reference 7255686 wikitext text/x-wiki '''<big>Jane Avur Pacuto</big>''' (born 6 January 1966) in'omukazi omunyabyabutegyeki kandi omunyishengyero. Naajwekyera abantu ba Pakwach nk'omujwekyerwa w'abakazi omu disiturikiti omu ishengyero rya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]].<ref>"Parliament of Uganda Members of the 10th Parliament". ''Parliament of Uganda''.</ref> N'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movemen]]<nowiki/>t(NRM) ekibiina ekirikwebemberwa omwebembezi wa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] Yoweri Kaguta Museveni. == Obwegyese == Pacuto akatandika obwegyese bwe obwa puraimare kuruga omu ishomero rya puraimare erya Nabiyonga kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya puraimare (PLE) omuri 1982, bwanyima akaza omu ishomero rya Sacred Heart secondary school Gulu ahu yaaherize emishomo ye eya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Certificate of Education|Uganda Certificate of Education]](UCE) omuri 1985 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education(UACE) omuri 1988. Bwanyima akaza omu yunivasite ya Makerere kandi yaamara emishomo ye eya bachelor's degree in social sciences omuri 1991 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]](UACE) omuri 1988. Bwanyima akaza omu yunivasite ya [[Wp/nyn/Makerere University|Makerere]] kandi yaamara emishomo ye eya bachelor's degree in social sciences omuri 1991 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]](UACE) omuri 1988. == Omurimo gw'okukora. == Jane avur pacuto atwire ari memba omu ishengyero rya Uganda kuruga 2017 kuhisya hati, akaba ari memba aha kakiiko ka Uganda Retirement Benefits Regulatory Authority(URBRA) kuruga 2015 kuhisya 2017, kandi kuruga 2004 kuhisya 2008 akaba ari omureeberezi w’okuguza sente omu kitongore kya microfinance support centre limited, okwongyera ahari ekyo akaba ari omuhwezi w’orikukurira purogyekiti ya rural microfinance support project kuruga 2004 kuhisya 2008. Kuruga 1998 kuhisya 2004 akaba ari omuhwezi w’orikukurira purogyekiti ya poverty alleviation project kandi akaba ari omushwijumi w’ebishare omu kitongore kya Uganda central transport and clearers limited kuruga 1991 kuhisya 1998. Omu ishengyero naaheereza aha kakiiko k'eby'esente nk'omuhwezi wa mukuru w'entebe. == <big>Reference</big> == fcw93a0x523dlsglicwm6f3opcwyg10 7255687 7255686 2026-07-19T14:22:42Z Bonny256 2693064 Added reference 7255687 wikitext text/x-wiki '''<big>Jane Avur Pacuto</big>''' (born 6 January 1966) in'omukazi omunyabyabutegyeki kandi omunyishengyero. Naajwekyera abantu ba Pakwach nk'omujwekyerwa w'abakazi omu disiturikiti omu ishengyero rya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]].<ref>"Parliament of Uganda Members of the 10th Parliament". ''Parliament of Uganda''.</ref><ref>"Woman member of parliament pakwach district". ''ELECTORAL COMMISSION''. 26 September 2017. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> N'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movemen]]<nowiki/>t(NRM) ekibiina ekirikwebemberwa omwebembezi wa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] Yoweri Kaguta Museveni. == Obwegyese == Pacuto akatandika obwegyese bwe obwa puraimare kuruga omu ishomero rya puraimare erya Nabiyonga kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya puraimare (PLE) omuri 1982, bwanyima akaza omu ishomero rya Sacred Heart secondary school Gulu ahu yaaherize emishomo ye eya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Certificate of Education|Uganda Certificate of Education]](UCE) omuri 1985 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education(UACE) omuri 1988. Bwanyima akaza omu yunivasite ya Makerere kandi yaamara emishomo ye eya bachelor's degree in social sciences omuri 1991 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]](UACE) omuri 1988. Bwanyima akaza omu yunivasite ya [[Wp/nyn/Makerere University|Makerere]] kandi yaamara emishomo ye eya bachelor's degree in social sciences omuri 1991 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]](UACE) omuri 1988. == Omurimo gw'okukora. == Jane avur pacuto atwire ari memba omu ishengyero rya Uganda kuruga 2017 kuhisya hati, akaba ari memba aha kakiiko ka Uganda Retirement Benefits Regulatory Authority(URBRA) kuruga 2015 kuhisya 2017, kandi kuruga 2004 kuhisya 2008 akaba ari omureeberezi w’okuguza sente omu kitongore kya microfinance support centre limited, okwongyera ahari ekyo akaba ari omuhwezi w’orikukurira purogyekiti ya rural microfinance support project kuruga 2004 kuhisya 2008. Kuruga 1998 kuhisya 2004 akaba ari omuhwezi w’orikukurira purogyekiti ya poverty alleviation project kandi akaba ari omushwijumi w’ebishare omu kitongore kya Uganda central transport and clearers limited kuruga 1991 kuhisya 1998. Omu ishengyero naaheereza aha kakiiko k'eby'esente nk'omuhwezi wa mukuru w'entebe. == <big>Reference</big> == oj4vkwwt4zb9x34ngh4hjn8gogzivvn 7255689 7255687 2026-07-19T14:24:30Z Bonny256 2693064 Added reference 7255689 wikitext text/x-wiki '''<big>Jane Avur Pacuto</big>''' (born 6 January 1966) in'omukazi omunyabyabutegyeki kandi omunyishengyero. Naajwekyera abantu ba Pakwach nk'omujwekyerwa w'abakazi omu disiturikiti omu ishengyero rya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]].<ref>"Parliament of Uganda Members of the 10th Parliament". ''Parliament of Uganda''.</ref><ref>"Woman member of parliament pakwach district". ''ELECTORAL COMMISSION''. 26 September 2017. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> N'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movemen]]<nowiki/>t(NRM) ekibiina<ref>David, Rupiny (2 September 2017). "NRM takes pakwach woman mp, LCV seats". ''Uganda radio network''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> ekirikwebemberwa omwebembezi wa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] Yoweri Kaguta Museveni. == Obwegyese == Pacuto akatandika obwegyese bwe obwa puraimare kuruga omu ishomero rya puraimare erya Nabiyonga kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya puraimare (PLE) omuri 1982, bwanyima akaza omu ishomero rya Sacred Heart secondary school Gulu ahu yaaherize emishomo ye eya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Certificate of Education|Uganda Certificate of Education]](UCE) omuri 1985 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education(UACE) omuri 1988. Bwanyima akaza omu yunivasite ya Makerere kandi yaamara emishomo ye eya bachelor's degree in social sciences omuri 1991 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]](UACE) omuri 1988. Bwanyima akaza omu yunivasite ya [[Wp/nyn/Makerere University|Makerere]] kandi yaamara emishomo ye eya bachelor's degree in social sciences omuri 1991 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]](UACE) omuri 1988. == Omurimo gw'okukora. == Jane avur pacuto atwire ari memba omu ishengyero rya Uganda kuruga 2017 kuhisya hati, akaba ari memba aha kakiiko ka Uganda Retirement Benefits Regulatory Authority(URBRA) kuruga 2015 kuhisya 2017, kandi kuruga 2004 kuhisya 2008 akaba ari omureeberezi w’okuguza sente omu kitongore kya microfinance support centre limited, okwongyera ahari ekyo akaba ari omuhwezi w’orikukurira purogyekiti ya rural microfinance support project kuruga 2004 kuhisya 2008. Kuruga 1998 kuhisya 2004 akaba ari omuhwezi w’orikukurira purogyekiti ya poverty alleviation project kandi akaba ari omushwijumi w’ebishare omu kitongore kya Uganda central transport and clearers limited kuruga 1991 kuhisya 1998. Omu ishengyero naaheereza aha kakiiko k'eby'esente nk'omuhwezi wa mukuru w'entebe. == <big>Reference</big> == sc7jerkeqgmygwmdkbmgina9n147cyb 7255690 7255689 2026-07-19T14:25:16Z Bonny256 2693064 Added reference 7255690 wikitext text/x-wiki <ref>Jonathan, Kamoga (2 November 2020). "NRM to endorse Yoweri museveni for another term". ''The East African''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref>'''<big>Jane Avur Pacuto</big>''' (born 6 January 1966) in'omukazi omunyabyabutegyeki kandi omunyishengyero. Naajwekyera abantu ba Pakwach nk'omujwekyerwa w'abakazi omu disiturikiti omu ishengyero rya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]].<ref>"Parliament of Uganda Members of the 10th Parliament". ''Parliament of Uganda''.</ref><ref>"Woman member of parliament pakwach district". ''ELECTORAL COMMISSION''. 26 September 2017. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> N'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movemen]]<nowiki/>t(NRM) ekibiina<ref>David, Rupiny (2 September 2017). "NRM takes pakwach woman mp, LCV seats". ''Uganda radio network''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> ekirikwebemberwa omwebembezi wa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] Yoweri Kaguta Museveni. == Obwegyese == Pacuto akatandika obwegyese bwe obwa puraimare kuruga omu ishomero rya puraimare erya Nabiyonga kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya puraimare (PLE) omuri 1982, bwanyima akaza omu ishomero rya Sacred Heart secondary school Gulu ahu yaaherize emishomo ye eya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Certificate of Education|Uganda Certificate of Education]](UCE) omuri 1985 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education(UACE) omuri 1988. Bwanyima akaza omu yunivasite ya Makerere kandi yaamara emishomo ye eya bachelor's degree in social sciences omuri 1991 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]](UACE) omuri 1988. Bwanyima akaza omu yunivasite ya [[Wp/nyn/Makerere University|Makerere]] kandi yaamara emishomo ye eya bachelor's degree in social sciences omuri 1991 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]](UACE) omuri 1988. == Omurimo gw'okukora. == Jane avur pacuto atwire ari memba omu ishengyero rya Uganda kuruga 2017 kuhisya hati, akaba ari memba aha kakiiko ka Uganda Retirement Benefits Regulatory Authority(URBRA) kuruga 2015 kuhisya 2017, kandi kuruga 2004 kuhisya 2008 akaba ari omureeberezi w’okuguza sente omu kitongore kya microfinance support centre limited, okwongyera ahari ekyo akaba ari omuhwezi w’orikukurira purogyekiti ya rural microfinance support project kuruga 2004 kuhisya 2008. Kuruga 1998 kuhisya 2004 akaba ari omuhwezi w’orikukurira purogyekiti ya poverty alleviation project kandi akaba ari omushwijumi w’ebishare omu kitongore kya Uganda central transport and clearers limited kuruga 1991 kuhisya 1998. Omu ishengyero naaheereza aha kakiiko k'eby'esente nk'omuhwezi wa mukuru w'entebe. == <big>Reference</big> == jexglhbln8ekzj0gvrm6olaxr88vf87 7255692 7255690 2026-07-19T14:26:49Z Bonny256 2693064 Added reference 7255692 wikitext text/x-wiki <ref>Jonathan, Kamoga (2 November 2020). "NRM to endorse Yoweri museveni for another term". ''The East African''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref>'''<big>Jane Avur Pacuto</big>''' (born 6 January 1966) in'omukazi omunyabyabutegyeki kandi omunyishengyero. Naajwekyera abantu ba Pakwach nk'omujwekyerwa w'abakazi omu disiturikiti omu ishengyero rya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]<ref>"Parliament of Uganda Members of the 10th Parliament". ''Parliament of Uganda''.</ref>.<ref>"Parliament of Uganda Members of the 10th Parliament". ''Parliament of Uganda''.</ref><ref>"Woman member of parliament pakwach district". ''ELECTORAL COMMISSION''. 26 September 2017. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> N'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movemen]]<nowiki/>t(NRM) ekibiina<ref>David, Rupiny (2 September 2017). "NRM takes pakwach woman mp, LCV seats". ''Uganda radio network''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> ekirikwebemberwa omwebembezi wa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] Yoweri Kaguta Museveni. == Obwegyese == Pacuto akatandika obwegyese bwe obwa puraimare kuruga omu ishomero rya puraimare erya Nabiyonga kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya puraimare (PLE) omuri 1982, bwanyima akaza omu ishomero rya Sacred Heart secondary school Gulu ahu yaaherize emishomo ye eya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Certificate of Education|Uganda Certificate of Education]](UCE) omuri 1985 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education(UACE) omuri 1988. Bwanyima akaza omu yunivasite ya Makerere kandi yaamara emishomo ye eya bachelor's degree in social sciences omuri 1991 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]](UACE) omuri 1988. Bwanyima akaza omu yunivasite ya [[Wp/nyn/Makerere University|Makerere]] kandi yaamara emishomo ye eya bachelor's degree in social sciences omuri 1991 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]](UACE) omuri 1988. == Omurimo gw'okukora. == Jane avur pacuto atwire ari memba omu ishengyero rya Uganda kuruga 2017 kuhisya hati, akaba ari memba aha kakiiko ka Uganda Retirement Benefits Regulatory Authority(URBRA) kuruga 2015 kuhisya 2017, kandi kuruga 2004 kuhisya 2008 akaba ari omureeberezi w’okuguza sente omu kitongore kya microfinance support centre limited, okwongyera ahari ekyo akaba ari omuhwezi w’orikukurira purogyekiti ya rural microfinance support project kuruga 2004 kuhisya 2008. Kuruga 1998 kuhisya 2004 akaba ari omuhwezi w’orikukurira purogyekiti ya poverty alleviation project kandi akaba ari omushwijumi w’ebishare omu kitongore kya Uganda central transport and clearers limited kuruga 1991 kuhisya 1998. Omu ishengyero naaheereza aha kakiiko k'eby'esente nk'omuhwezi wa mukuru w'entebe. == <big>Reference</big> == ez2dfqmogomtmtd5lo3q3s0s8p6of9i 7255697 7255692 2026-07-19T14:33:43Z Bonny256 2693064 Added reference 7255697 wikitext text/x-wiki '''<big>Jane Avur Pacuto</big>''' (born 6 January 1966) in'omukazi omunyabyabutegyeki kandi omunyishengyero. Naajwekyera abantu ba Pakwach nk'omujwekyerwa w'abakazi omu disiturikiti omu ishengyero rya Uganda.<ref>"Parliament of Uganda Members of the 10th Parliament". ''Parliament of Uganda''.</ref> N'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movemen]]<nowiki/>t(NRM) ekibiina<ref>David, Rupiny (2 September 2017). "NRM takes pakwach woman mp, LCV seats". ''Uganda radio network''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> ekirikwebemberwa omwebembezi wa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] Yoweri Kaguta Museveni. == Obwegyese == Pacuto akatandika obwegyese bwe obwa puraimare kuruga omu ishomero rya puraimare erya Nabiyonga kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya puraimare (PLE) omuri 1982, bwanyima akaza omu ishomero rya Sacred Heart secondary school Gulu ahu yaaherize emishomo ye eya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Certificate of Education|Uganda Certificate of Education]](UCE) omuri 1985 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education(UACE) omuri 1988. Bwanyima akaza omu yunivasite ya Makerere kandi yaamara emishomo ye eya bachelor's degree in social sciences omuri 1991 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]](UACE) omuri 1988. Bwanyima akaza omu yunivasite ya [[Wp/nyn/Makerere University|Makerere]] kandi yaamara emishomo ye eya bachelor's degree in social sciences omuri 1991 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]](UACE) omuri 1988. == Omurimo gw'okukora. == Jane avur pacuto atwire ari memba omu ishengyero rya Uganda kuruga 2017 kuhisya hati, akaba ari memba aha kakiiko ka Uganda Retirement Benefits Regulatory Authority(URBRA) kuruga 2015 kuhisya 2017, kandi kuruga 2004 kuhisya 2008 akaba ari omureeberezi w’okuguza sente omu kitongore kya microfinance support centre limited, okwongyera ahari ekyo akaba ari omuhwezi w’orikukurira purogyekiti ya rural microfinance support project kuruga 2004 kuhisya 2008. Kuruga 1998 kuhisya 2004 akaba ari omuhwezi w’orikukurira purogyekiti ya poverty alleviation project kandi akaba ari omushwijumi w’ebishare omu kitongore kya Uganda central transport and clearers limited kuruga 1991 kuhisya 1998. Omu ishengyero naaheereza aha kakiiko k'eby'esente nk'omuhwezi wa mukuru w'entebe. == <big>Reference</big> == 1f5sgkop8dewiwfn28wlmhgvbbqdvg4 7255699 7255697 2026-07-19T14:35:13Z Bonny256 2693064 Added reference 7255699 wikitext text/x-wiki '''<big>Jane Avur Pacuto</big>''' (born 6 January 1966) in'omukazi omunyabyabutegyeki kandi omunyishengyero. Naajwekyera abantu ba Pakwach nk'omujwekyerwa w'abakazi omu disiturikiti omu ishengyero rya Uganda.<ref>"Parliament of Uganda Members of the 10th Parliament". ''Parliament of Uganda''.</ref><ref>"Woman member of parliament pakwach district". ''ELECTORAL COMMISSION''. 26 September 2017. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> N'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movemen]]<nowiki/>t(NRM) ekibiina ekirikwebemberwa omwebembezi wa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] Yoweri Kaguta Museveni. == Obwegyese == Pacuto akatandika obwegyese bwe obwa puraimare kuruga omu ishomero rya puraimare erya Nabiyonga kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya puraimare (PLE) omuri 1982, bwanyima akaza omu ishomero rya Sacred Heart secondary school Gulu ahu yaaherize emishomo ye eya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Certificate of Education|Uganda Certificate of Education]](UCE) omuri 1985 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education(UACE) omuri 1988. Bwanyima akaza omu yunivasite ya Makerere kandi yaamara emishomo ye eya bachelor's degree in social sciences omuri 1991 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]](UACE) omuri 1988. Bwanyima akaza omu yunivasite ya [[Wp/nyn/Makerere University|Makerere]] kandi yaamara emishomo ye eya bachelor's degree in social sciences omuri 1991 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]](UACE) omuri 1988. == Omurimo gw'okukora. == Jane avur pacuto atwire ari memba omu ishengyero rya Uganda kuruga 2017 kuhisya hati, akaba ari memba aha kakiiko ka Uganda Retirement Benefits Regulatory Authority(URBRA) kuruga 2015 kuhisya 2017, kandi kuruga 2004 kuhisya 2008 akaba ari omureeberezi w’okuguza sente omu kitongore kya microfinance support centre limited, okwongyera ahari ekyo akaba ari omuhwezi w’orikukurira purogyekiti ya rural microfinance support project kuruga 2004 kuhisya 2008. Kuruga 1998 kuhisya 2004 akaba ari omuhwezi w’orikukurira purogyekiti ya poverty alleviation project kandi akaba ari omushwijumi w’ebishare omu kitongore kya Uganda central transport and clearers limited kuruga 1991 kuhisya 1998. Omu ishengyero naaheereza aha kakiiko k'eby'esente nk'omuhwezi wa mukuru w'entebe. == <big>Reference</big> == a4pmjy85vaoz7i2m420kb4v09zha6t6 7255738 7255699 2026-07-19T16:19:00Z Bonny256 2693064 Added reference 7255738 wikitext text/x-wiki '''<big>Jane Avur Pacuto</big>''' (born 6 January 1966) in'omukazi omunyabyabutegyeki kandi omunyishengyero. Naajwekyera abantu ba Pakwach nk'omujwekyerwa w'abakazi omu disiturikiti omu ishengyero rya Uganda.<ref>"Parliament of Uganda Members of the 10th Parliament". ''Parliament of Uganda''.</ref><ref>"Woman member of parliament pakwach district". ''ELECTORAL COMMISSION''. 26 September 2017. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> N'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movemen]]<nowiki/>t(NRM) ekibiina<ref>David, Rupiny (2 September 2017). "NRM takes pakwach woman mp, LCV seats". ''Uganda radio network''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> ekirikwebemberwa omwebembezi wa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] Yoweri Kaguta Museveni. == Obwegyese == Pacuto akatandika obwegyese bwe obwa puraimare kuruga omu ishomero rya puraimare erya Nabiyonga kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya puraimare (PLE) omuri 1982, bwanyima akaza omu ishomero rya Sacred Heart secondary school Gulu ahu yaaherize emishomo ye eya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Certificate of Education|Uganda Certificate of Education]](UCE) omuri 1985 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education(UACE) omuri 1988. Bwanyima akaza omu yunivasite ya Makerere kandi yaamara emishomo ye eya bachelor's degree in social sciences omuri 1991 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]](UACE) omuri 1988. Bwanyima akaza omu yunivasite ya [[Wp/nyn/Makerere University|Makerere]] kandi yaamara emishomo ye eya bachelor's degree in social sciences omuri 1991 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]](UACE) omuri 1988. == Omurimo gw'okukora. == Jane avur pacuto atwire ari memba omu ishengyero rya Uganda kuruga 2017 kuhisya hati, akaba ari memba aha kakiiko ka Uganda Retirement Benefits Regulatory Authority(URBRA) kuruga 2015 kuhisya 2017, kandi kuruga 2004 kuhisya 2008 akaba ari omureeberezi w’okuguza sente omu kitongore kya microfinance support centre limited, okwongyera ahari ekyo akaba ari omuhwezi w’orikukurira purogyekiti ya rural microfinance support project kuruga 2004 kuhisya 2008. Kuruga 1998 kuhisya 2004 akaba ari omuhwezi w’orikukurira purogyekiti ya poverty alleviation project kandi akaba ari omushwijumi w’ebishare omu kitongore kya Uganda central transport and clearers limited kuruga 1991 kuhisya 1998. Omu ishengyero naaheereza aha kakiiko k'eby'esente nk'omuhwezi wa mukuru w'entebe. == <big>Reference</big> == cehbha84tlkhevn06bpwdgbwsew42bh 7255739 7255738 2026-07-19T16:19:39Z Bonny256 2693064 Added reference 7255739 wikitext text/x-wiki '''<big>Jane Avur Pacuto</big>''' (born 6 January 1966) in'omukazi omunyabyabutegyeki kandi omunyishengyero. Naajwekyera abantu ba Pakwach nk'omujwekyerwa w'abakazi omu disiturikiti omu ishengyero rya Uganda.<ref>"Parliament of Uganda Members of the 10th Parliament". ''Parliament of Uganda''.</ref><ref>"Woman member of parliament pakwach district". ''ELECTORAL COMMISSION''. 26 September 2017. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> N'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movemen]]<nowiki/>t(NRM) ekibiina<ref>David, Rupiny (2 September 2017). "NRM takes pakwach woman mp, LCV seats". ''Uganda radio network''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> ekirikwebemberwa omwebembezi wa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] Yoweri Kaguta Museveni.<ref>Jonathan, Kamoga (2 November 2020). "NRM to endorse Yoweri museveni for another term". ''The East African''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> == Obwegyese == Pacuto akatandika obwegyese bwe obwa puraimare kuruga omu ishomero rya puraimare erya Nabiyonga kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya puraimare (PLE) omuri 1982, bwanyima akaza omu ishomero rya Sacred Heart secondary school Gulu ahu yaaherize emishomo ye eya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Certificate of Education|Uganda Certificate of Education]](UCE) omuri 1985 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education(UACE) omuri 1988. Bwanyima akaza omu yunivasite ya Makerere kandi yaamara emishomo ye eya bachelor's degree in social sciences omuri 1991 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]](UACE) omuri 1988. Bwanyima akaza omu yunivasite ya [[Wp/nyn/Makerere University|Makerere]] kandi yaamara emishomo ye eya bachelor's degree in social sciences omuri 1991 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]](UACE) omuri 1988. == Omurimo gw'okukora. == Jane avur pacuto atwire ari memba omu ishengyero rya Uganda kuruga 2017 kuhisya hati, akaba ari memba aha kakiiko ka Uganda Retirement Benefits Regulatory Authority(URBRA) kuruga 2015 kuhisya 2017, kandi kuruga 2004 kuhisya 2008 akaba ari omureeberezi w’okuguza sente omu kitongore kya microfinance support centre limited, okwongyera ahari ekyo akaba ari omuhwezi w’orikukurira purogyekiti ya rural microfinance support project kuruga 2004 kuhisya 2008. Kuruga 1998 kuhisya 2004 akaba ari omuhwezi w’orikukurira purogyekiti ya poverty alleviation project kandi akaba ari omushwijumi w’ebishare omu kitongore kya Uganda central transport and clearers limited kuruga 1991 kuhisya 1998. Omu ishengyero naaheereza aha kakiiko k'eby'esente nk'omuhwezi wa mukuru w'entebe. == <big>Reference</big> == 48f2wy97zibhjyk92rxjk9b4esr7rrj 7255740 7255739 2026-07-19T16:21:37Z Bonny256 2693064 Added reference 7255740 wikitext text/x-wiki '''<big>Jane Avur Pacuto</big>''' (born 6 January 1966) in'omukazi omunyabyabutegyeki kandi omunyishengyero. Naajwekyera abantu ba Pakwach nk'omujwekyerwa w'abakazi omu disiturikiti omu ishengyero rya Uganda.<ref>"Parliament of Uganda Members of the 10th Parliament". ''Parliament of Uganda''.</ref><ref>"Woman member of parliament pakwach district". ''ELECTORAL COMMISSION''. 26 September 2017. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> N'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movemen]]<nowiki/>t(NRM) ekibiina<ref>David, Rupiny (2 September 2017). "NRM takes pakwach woman mp, LCV seats". ''Uganda radio network''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> ekirikwebemberwa omwebembezi wa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] Yoweri Kaguta Museveni.<ref>Jonathan, Kamoga (2 November 2020). "NRM to endorse Yoweri museveni for another term". ''The East African''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> == Obwegyese == Pacuto akatandika obwegyese bwe obwa puraimare kuruga omu ishomero rya puraimare erya Nabiyonga kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya puraimare (PLE) omuri 1982, bwanyima akaza omu ishomero rya Sacred Heart secondary school Gulu ahu yaaherize emishomo ye eya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Certificate of Education|Uganda Certificate of Education]](UCE) omuri 1985 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education(UACE) omuri 1988. Bwanyima akaza omu yunivasite ya Makerere kandi yaamara emishomo ye eya bachelor's degree in social sciences omuri 1991 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]](UACE) omuri 1988. Bwanyima akaza omu yunivasite ya [[Wp/nyn/Makerere University|Makerere]] kandi yaamara emishomo ye eya bachelor's degree in social sciences omuri 1991 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]](UACE) omuri 1988.<ref>"Parliament of uganda members of the 10th parliament, Education background". ''Parliament of Uganda''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> == Omurimo gw'okukora. == Jane avur pacuto atwire ari memba omu ishengyero rya Uganda kuruga 2017 kuhisya hati, akaba ari memba aha kakiiko ka Uganda Retirement Benefits Regulatory Authority(URBRA) kuruga 2015 kuhisya 2017, kandi kuruga 2004 kuhisya 2008 akaba ari omureeberezi w’okuguza sente omu kitongore kya microfinance support centre limited, okwongyera ahari ekyo akaba ari omuhwezi w’orikukurira purogyekiti ya rural microfinance support project kuruga 2004 kuhisya 2008. Kuruga 1998 kuhisya 2004 akaba ari omuhwezi w’orikukurira purogyekiti ya poverty alleviation project kandi akaba ari omushwijumi w’ebishare omu kitongore kya Uganda central transport and clearers limited kuruga 1991 kuhisya 1998. Omu ishengyero naaheereza aha kakiiko k'eby'esente nk'omuhwezi wa mukuru w'entebe. == <big>Reference</big> == 9s1ivdh0vj46obtzwzls7a60gn6zsci 7255741 7255740 2026-07-19T16:22:49Z Bonny256 2693064 Added reference 7255741 wikitext text/x-wiki '''<big>Jane Avur Pacuto</big>''' (born 6 January 1966) in'omukazi omunyabyabutegyeki kandi omunyishengyero. Naajwekyera abantu ba Pakwach nk'omujwekyerwa w'abakazi omu disiturikiti omu ishengyero rya Uganda.<ref>"Parliament of Uganda Members of the 10th Parliament". ''Parliament of Uganda''.</ref><ref>"Woman member of parliament pakwach district". ''ELECTORAL COMMISSION''. 26 September 2017. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> N'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movemen]]<nowiki/>t(NRM) ekibiina<ref>David, Rupiny (2 September 2017). "NRM takes pakwach woman mp, LCV seats". ''Uganda radio network''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> ekirikwebemberwa omwebembezi wa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] Yoweri Kaguta Museveni.<ref>Jonathan, Kamoga (2 November 2020). "NRM to endorse Yoweri museveni for another term". ''The East African''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> == Obwegyese == Pacuto akatandika obwegyese bwe obwa puraimare kuruga omu ishomero rya puraimare erya Nabiyonga kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya puraimare (PLE) omuri 1982, bwanyima akaza omu ishomero rya Sacred Heart secondary school Gulu ahu yaaherize emishomo ye eya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Certificate of Education|Uganda Certificate of Education]](UCE) omuri 1985 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education(UACE) omuri 1988. Bwanyima akaza omu yunivasite ya Makerere kandi yaamara emishomo ye eya bachelor's degree in social sciences omuri 1991 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]](UACE) omuri 1988. Bwanyima akaza omu yunivasite ya [[Wp/nyn/Makerere University|Makerere]] kandi yaamara emishomo ye eya bachelor's degree in social sciences omuri 1991 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]](UACE) omuri 1988.<ref>"Parliament of uganda members of the 10th parliament, Education background". ''Parliament of Uganda''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> == Omurimo gw'okukora. == Jane avur pacuto atwire ari memba omu ishengyero rya Uganda kuruga 2017 kuhisya hati,<ref>"Find an mp". ''Parliament of the republic of Uganda''. Archived from the original on 28 September 2020. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> akaba ari memba aha kakiiko ka Uganda Retirement Benefits Regulatory Authority(URBRA) kuruga 2015 kuhisya 2017, kandi kuruga 2004 kuhisya 2008 akaba ari omureeberezi w’okuguza sente omu kitongore kya microfinance support centre limited, okwongyera ahari ekyo akaba ari omuhwezi w’orikukurira purogyekiti ya rural microfinance support project kuruga 2004 kuhisya 2008. Kuruga 1998 kuhisya 2004 akaba ari omuhwezi w’orikukurira purogyekiti ya poverty alleviation project kandi akaba ari omushwijumi w’ebishare omu kitongore kya Uganda central transport and clearers limited kuruga 1991 kuhisya 1998. Omu ishengyero naaheereza aha kakiiko k'eby'esente nk'omuhwezi wa mukuru w'entebe. == <big>Reference</big> == trqxltosd1c418et9p83l4en8438kul 7255743 7255741 2026-07-19T16:23:44Z Bonny256 2693064 Added reference 7255743 wikitext text/x-wiki '''<big>Jane Avur Pacuto</big>''' (born 6 January 1966) in'omukazi omunyabyabutegyeki kandi omunyishengyero. Naajwekyera abantu ba Pakwach nk'omujwekyerwa w'abakazi omu disiturikiti omu ishengyero rya Uganda.<ref>"Parliament of Uganda Members of the 10th Parliament". ''Parliament of Uganda''.</ref><ref>"Woman member of parliament pakwach district". ''ELECTORAL COMMISSION''. 26 September 2017. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> N'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movemen]]<nowiki/>t(NRM) ekibiina<ref>David, Rupiny (2 September 2017). "NRM takes pakwach woman mp, LCV seats". ''Uganda radio network''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> ekirikwebemberwa omwebembezi wa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] Yoweri Kaguta Museveni.<ref>Jonathan, Kamoga (2 November 2020). "NRM to endorse Yoweri museveni for another term". ''The East African''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> == Obwegyese == Pacuto akatandika obwegyese bwe obwa puraimare kuruga omu ishomero rya puraimare erya Nabiyonga kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya puraimare (PLE) omuri 1982, bwanyima akaza omu ishomero rya Sacred Heart secondary school Gulu ahu yaaherize emishomo ye eya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Certificate of Education|Uganda Certificate of Education]](UCE) omuri 1985 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education(UACE) omuri 1988. Bwanyima akaza omu yunivasite ya Makerere kandi yaamara emishomo ye eya bachelor's degree in social sciences omuri 1991 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]](UACE) omuri 1988. Bwanyima akaza omu yunivasite ya [[Wp/nyn/Makerere University|Makerere]] kandi yaamara emishomo ye eya bachelor's degree in social sciences omuri 1991 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]](UACE) omuri 1988.<ref>"Parliament of uganda members of the 10th parliament, Education background". ''Parliament of Uganda''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> == Omurimo gw'okukora. == Jane avur pacuto atwire ari memba omu ishengyero rya Uganda kuruga 2017 kuhisya hati,<ref>"Find an mp". ''Parliament of the republic of Uganda''. Archived from the original on 28 September 2020. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> akaba ari memba aha kakiiko ka Uganda Retirement Benefits Regulatory Authority(URBRA) kuruga 2015 kuhisya 2017, kandi kuruga 2004 kuhisya 2008 akaba ari omureeberezi w’okuguza sente omu kitongore kya microfinance support centre limited, okwongyera ahari ekyo akaba ari omuhwezi w’orikukurira purogyekiti ya rural microfinance support project kuruga 2004 kuhisya 2008. Kuruga 1998 kuhisya 2004 akaba ari omuhwezi w’orikukurira purogyekiti ya poverty alleviation project kandi akaba ari omushwijumi w’ebishare omu kitongore kya Uganda central transport and clearers limited kuruga 1991 kuhisya 1998.<ref>"Parliament of Uganda members of the 10th parliament. Work experience". ''Parliament of uganda''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> Omu ishengyero naaheereza aha kakiiko k'eby'esente nk'omuhwezi wa mukuru w'entebe. == <big>Reference</big> == 30i7i5xos9717fwrnwwdc9noiw8ejq0 7255744 7255743 2026-07-19T16:28:30Z Bonny256 2693064 Reference hyperlinked 7255744 wikitext text/x-wiki '''<big>Jane Avur Pacuto</big>''' (born 6 January 1966) in'omukazi omunyabyabutegyeki kandi omunyishengyero. Naajwekyera abantu ba Pakwach nk'omujwekyerwa w'abakazi omu disiturikiti omu ishengyero rya Uganda.<ref>[https://www.parliament.go.ug/mp_database/profile.php?mid=525 "Parliament of Uganda Members of the 10th Parliament"]. ''Parliament of Uganda''.</ref><ref>"Woman member of parliament pakwach district". ''ELECTORAL COMMISSION''. 26 September 2017. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> N'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movemen]]<nowiki/>t(NRM) ekibiina<ref>David, Rupiny (2 September 2017). "NRM takes pakwach woman mp, LCV seats". ''Uganda radio network''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> ekirikwebemberwa omwebembezi wa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] Yoweri Kaguta Museveni.<ref>Jonathan, Kamoga (2 November 2020). "NRM to endorse Yoweri museveni for another term". ''The East African''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> == Obwegyese == Pacuto akatandika obwegyese bwe obwa puraimare kuruga omu ishomero rya puraimare erya Nabiyonga kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya puraimare (PLE) omuri 1982, bwanyima akaza omu ishomero rya Sacred Heart secondary school Gulu ahu yaaherize emishomo ye eya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Certificate of Education|Uganda Certificate of Education]](UCE) omuri 1985 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education(UACE) omuri 1988. Bwanyima akaza omu yunivasite ya Makerere kandi yaamara emishomo ye eya bachelor's degree in social sciences omuri 1991 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]](UACE) omuri 1988. Bwanyima akaza omu yunivasite ya [[Wp/nyn/Makerere University|Makerere]] kandi yaamara emishomo ye eya bachelor's degree in social sciences omuri 1991 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]](UACE) omuri 1988.<ref>"Parliament of uganda members of the 10th parliament, Education background". ''Parliament of Uganda''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> == Omurimo gw'okukora. == Jane avur pacuto atwire ari memba omu ishengyero rya Uganda kuruga 2017 kuhisya hati,<ref>"Find an mp". ''Parliament of the republic of Uganda''. Archived from the original on 28 September 2020. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> akaba ari memba aha kakiiko ka Uganda Retirement Benefits Regulatory Authority(URBRA) kuruga 2015 kuhisya 2017, kandi kuruga 2004 kuhisya 2008 akaba ari omureeberezi w’okuguza sente omu kitongore kya microfinance support centre limited, okwongyera ahari ekyo akaba ari omuhwezi w’orikukurira purogyekiti ya rural microfinance support project kuruga 2004 kuhisya 2008. Kuruga 1998 kuhisya 2004 akaba ari omuhwezi w’orikukurira purogyekiti ya poverty alleviation project kandi akaba ari omushwijumi w’ebishare omu kitongore kya Uganda central transport and clearers limited kuruga 1991 kuhisya 1998.<ref>"Parliament of Uganda members of the 10th parliament. Work experience". ''Parliament of uganda''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> Omu ishengyero naaheereza aha kakiiko k'eby'esente nk'omuhwezi wa mukuru w'entebe. == <big>Reference</big> == jdr1qa14gngcdayv0zwnxtaltoceak5 7255745 7255744 2026-07-19T16:32:17Z Bonny256 2693064 reference hyperlinked 7255745 wikitext text/x-wiki '''<big>Jane Avur Pacuto</big>''' (born 6 January 1966) in'omukazi omunyabyabutegyeki kandi omunyishengyero. Naajwekyera abantu ba Pakwach nk'omujwekyerwa w'abakazi omu disiturikiti omu ishengyero rya Uganda.<ref>[https://www.parliament.go.ug/mp_database/profile.php?mid=525 "Parliament of Uganda Members of the 10th Parliament"]. ''Parliament of Uganda''.</ref><ref>https://www.ec.or.ug/election/woman-member-parliament-pakwach-district"Woman member of parliament pakwach district". ''ELECTORAL COMMISSION''. 26 September 2017. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> N'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movemen]]<nowiki/>t(NRM) ekibiina<ref>David, Rupiny (2 September 2017). "NRM takes pakwach woman mp, LCV seats". ''Uganda radio network''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> ekirikwebemberwa omwebembezi wa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] Yoweri Kaguta Museveni.<ref>Jonathan, Kamoga (2 November 2020). "NRM to endorse Yoweri museveni for another term". ''The East African''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> == Obwegyese == Pacuto akatandika obwegyese bwe obwa puraimare kuruga omu ishomero rya puraimare erya Nabiyonga kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya puraimare (PLE) omuri 1982, bwanyima akaza omu ishomero rya Sacred Heart secondary school Gulu ahu yaaherize emishomo ye eya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Certificate of Education|Uganda Certificate of Education]](UCE) omuri 1985 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education(UACE) omuri 1988. Bwanyima akaza omu yunivasite ya Makerere kandi yaamara emishomo ye eya bachelor's degree in social sciences omuri 1991 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]](UACE) omuri 1988. Bwanyima akaza omu yunivasite ya [[Wp/nyn/Makerere University|Makerere]] kandi yaamara emishomo ye eya bachelor's degree in social sciences omuri 1991 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]](UACE) omuri 1988.<ref>"Parliament of uganda members of the 10th parliament, Education background". ''Parliament of Uganda''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> == Omurimo gw'okukora. == Jane avur pacuto atwire ari memba omu ishengyero rya Uganda kuruga 2017 kuhisya hati,<ref>"Find an mp". ''Parliament of the republic of Uganda''. Archived from the original on 28 September 2020. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> akaba ari memba aha kakiiko ka Uganda Retirement Benefits Regulatory Authority(URBRA) kuruga 2015 kuhisya 2017, kandi kuruga 2004 kuhisya 2008 akaba ari omureeberezi w’okuguza sente omu kitongore kya microfinance support centre limited, okwongyera ahari ekyo akaba ari omuhwezi w’orikukurira purogyekiti ya rural microfinance support project kuruga 2004 kuhisya 2008. Kuruga 1998 kuhisya 2004 akaba ari omuhwezi w’orikukurira purogyekiti ya poverty alleviation project kandi akaba ari omushwijumi w’ebishare omu kitongore kya Uganda central transport and clearers limited kuruga 1991 kuhisya 1998.<ref>"Parliament of Uganda members of the 10th parliament. Work experience". ''Parliament of uganda''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> Omu ishengyero naaheereza aha kakiiko k'eby'esente nk'omuhwezi wa mukuru w'entebe. == <big>Reference</big> == 0q8vtkhk39ls92czzrc8otk12r2lwcx 7255746 7255745 2026-07-19T16:33:30Z Bonny256 2693064 Reference hyperlinked 7255746 wikitext text/x-wiki '''<big>Jane Avur Pacuto</big>''' (born 6 January 1966) in'omukazi omunyabyabutegyeki kandi omunyishengyero. Naajwekyera abantu ba Pakwach nk'omujwekyerwa w'abakazi omu disiturikiti omu ishengyero rya Uganda.<ref>[https://www.parliament.go.ug/mp_database/profile.php?mid=525 "Parliament of Uganda Members of the 10th Parliament"]. ''Parliament of Uganda''.</ref><ref>https://www.ec.or.ug/election/woman-member-parliament-pakwach-district"Woman member of parliament pakwach district". ''ELECTORAL COMMISSION''. 26 September 2017. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> N'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movemen]]<nowiki/>t(NRM) ekibiina<ref>https://ugandaradionetwork.net/story/nrm-sweep-pakwach-woman-mp-lc5-seats<nowiki/>David, Rupiny (2 September 2017). "NRM takes pakwach woman mp, LCV seats". ''Uganda radio network''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> ekirikwebemberwa omwebembezi wa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] Yoweri Kaguta Museveni.<ref>Jonathan, Kamoga (2 November 2020). "NRM to endorse Yoweri museveni for another term". ''The East African''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> == Obwegyese == Pacuto akatandika obwegyese bwe obwa puraimare kuruga omu ishomero rya puraimare erya Nabiyonga kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya puraimare (PLE) omuri 1982, bwanyima akaza omu ishomero rya Sacred Heart secondary school Gulu ahu yaaherize emishomo ye eya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Certificate of Education|Uganda Certificate of Education]](UCE) omuri 1985 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education(UACE) omuri 1988. Bwanyima akaza omu yunivasite ya Makerere kandi yaamara emishomo ye eya bachelor's degree in social sciences omuri 1991 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]](UACE) omuri 1988. Bwanyima akaza omu yunivasite ya [[Wp/nyn/Makerere University|Makerere]] kandi yaamara emishomo ye eya bachelor's degree in social sciences omuri 1991 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]](UACE) omuri 1988.<ref>"Parliament of uganda members of the 10th parliament, Education background". ''Parliament of Uganda''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> == Omurimo gw'okukora. == Jane avur pacuto atwire ari memba omu ishengyero rya Uganda kuruga 2017 kuhisya hati,<ref>"Find an mp". ''Parliament of the republic of Uganda''. Archived from the original on 28 September 2020. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> akaba ari memba aha kakiiko ka Uganda Retirement Benefits Regulatory Authority(URBRA) kuruga 2015 kuhisya 2017, kandi kuruga 2004 kuhisya 2008 akaba ari omureeberezi w’okuguza sente omu kitongore kya microfinance support centre limited, okwongyera ahari ekyo akaba ari omuhwezi w’orikukurira purogyekiti ya rural microfinance support project kuruga 2004 kuhisya 2008. Kuruga 1998 kuhisya 2004 akaba ari omuhwezi w’orikukurira purogyekiti ya poverty alleviation project kandi akaba ari omushwijumi w’ebishare omu kitongore kya Uganda central transport and clearers limited kuruga 1991 kuhisya 1998.<ref>"Parliament of Uganda members of the 10th parliament. Work experience". ''Parliament of uganda''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> Omu ishengyero naaheereza aha kakiiko k'eby'esente nk'omuhwezi wa mukuru w'entebe. == <big>Reference</big> == r5ksxdtypms9ufd4jyv3zzitfh67mub 7255747 7255746 2026-07-19T16:34:18Z Bonny256 2693064 reference hyperlinked 7255747 wikitext text/x-wiki '''<big>Jane Avur Pacuto</big>''' (born 6 January 1966) in'omukazi omunyabyabutegyeki kandi omunyishengyero. Naajwekyera abantu ba Pakwach nk'omujwekyerwa w'abakazi omu disiturikiti omu ishengyero rya Uganda.<ref>[https://www.parliament.go.ug/mp_database/profile.php?mid=525 "Parliament of Uganda Members of the 10th Parliament"]. ''Parliament of Uganda''.</ref><ref>https://www.ec.or.ug/election/woman-member-parliament-pakwach-district"Woman member of parliament pakwach district". ''ELECTORAL COMMISSION''. 26 September 2017. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> N'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movemen]]<nowiki/>t(NRM) ekibiina<ref>https://ugandaradionetwork.net/story/nrm-sweep-pakwach-woman-mp-lc5-seats<nowiki/>David, Rupiny (2 September 2017). "NRM takes pakwach woman mp, LCV seats". ''Uganda radio network''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> ekirikwebemberwa omwebembezi wa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] Yoweri Kaguta Museveni.<ref>https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/news/ea/NRM-to-endorse-yoweri-museveni-for-another-term/4552908-5431318-l5hclwz/index.html<nowiki/>Jonathan, Kamoga (2 November 2020). "NRM to endorse Yoweri museveni for another term". ''The East African''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> == Obwegyese == Pacuto akatandika obwegyese bwe obwa puraimare kuruga omu ishomero rya puraimare erya Nabiyonga kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya puraimare (PLE) omuri 1982, bwanyima akaza omu ishomero rya Sacred Heart secondary school Gulu ahu yaaherize emishomo ye eya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Certificate of Education|Uganda Certificate of Education]](UCE) omuri 1985 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education(UACE) omuri 1988. Bwanyima akaza omu yunivasite ya Makerere kandi yaamara emishomo ye eya bachelor's degree in social sciences omuri 1991 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]](UACE) omuri 1988. Bwanyima akaza omu yunivasite ya [[Wp/nyn/Makerere University|Makerere]] kandi yaamara emishomo ye eya bachelor's degree in social sciences omuri 1991 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]](UACE) omuri 1988.<ref>"Parliament of uganda members of the 10th parliament, Education background". ''Parliament of Uganda''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> == Omurimo gw'okukora. == Jane avur pacuto atwire ari memba omu ishengyero rya Uganda kuruga 2017 kuhisya hati,<ref>"Find an mp". ''Parliament of the republic of Uganda''. Archived from the original on 28 September 2020. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> akaba ari memba aha kakiiko ka Uganda Retirement Benefits Regulatory Authority(URBRA) kuruga 2015 kuhisya 2017, kandi kuruga 2004 kuhisya 2008 akaba ari omureeberezi w’okuguza sente omu kitongore kya microfinance support centre limited, okwongyera ahari ekyo akaba ari omuhwezi w’orikukurira purogyekiti ya rural microfinance support project kuruga 2004 kuhisya 2008. Kuruga 1998 kuhisya 2004 akaba ari omuhwezi w’orikukurira purogyekiti ya poverty alleviation project kandi akaba ari omushwijumi w’ebishare omu kitongore kya Uganda central transport and clearers limited kuruga 1991 kuhisya 1998.<ref>"Parliament of Uganda members of the 10th parliament. Work experience". ''Parliament of uganda''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> Omu ishengyero naaheereza aha kakiiko k'eby'esente nk'omuhwezi wa mukuru w'entebe. == <big>Reference</big> == 97worouvg4opk5lpdis5yutt4aj0lyc 7255748 7255747 2026-07-19T16:35:17Z Bonny256 2693064 Reference hyperlinked 7255748 wikitext text/x-wiki '''<big>Jane Avur Pacuto</big>''' (born 6 January 1966) in'omukazi omunyabyabutegyeki kandi omunyishengyero. Naajwekyera abantu ba Pakwach nk'omujwekyerwa w'abakazi omu disiturikiti omu ishengyero rya Uganda.<ref>[https://www.parliament.go.ug/mp_database/profile.php?mid=525 "Parliament of Uganda Members of the 10th Parliament"]. ''Parliament of Uganda''.</ref><ref>https://www.ec.or.ug/election/woman-member-parliament-pakwach-district"Woman member of parliament pakwach district". ''ELECTORAL COMMISSION''. 26 September 2017. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> N'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movemen]]<nowiki/>t(NRM) ekibiina<ref>https://ugandaradionetwork.net/story/nrm-sweep-pakwach-woman-mp-lc5-seats<nowiki/>David, Rupiny (2 September 2017). "NRM takes pakwach woman mp, LCV seats". ''Uganda radio network''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> ekirikwebemberwa omwebembezi wa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] Yoweri Kaguta Museveni.<ref>https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/news/ea/NRM-to-endorse-yoweri-museveni-for-another-term/4552908-5431318-l5hclwz/index.html<nowiki/>Jonathan, Kamoga (2 November 2020). "NRM to endorse Yoweri museveni for another term". ''The East African''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> == Obwegyese == Pacuto akatandika obwegyese bwe obwa puraimare kuruga omu ishomero rya puraimare erya Nabiyonga kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya puraimare (PLE) omuri 1982, bwanyima akaza omu ishomero rya Sacred Heart secondary school Gulu ahu yaaherize emishomo ye eya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Certificate of Education|Uganda Certificate of Education]](UCE) omuri 1985 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education(UACE) omuri 1988. Bwanyima akaza omu yunivasite ya Makerere kandi yaamara emishomo ye eya bachelor's degree in social sciences omuri 1991 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]](UACE) omuri 1988. Bwanyima akaza omu yunivasite ya [[Wp/nyn/Makerere University|Makerere]] kandi yaamara emishomo ye eya bachelor's degree in social sciences omuri 1991 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]](UACE) omuri 1988.<ref>https://www.parliament.go.ug/mp_database/profile.php?mid=525"Parliament of uganda members of the 10th parliament, Education background". ''Parliament of Uganda''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> == Omurimo gw'okukora. == Jane avur pacuto atwire ari memba omu ishengyero rya Uganda kuruga 2017 kuhisya hati,<ref>"Find an mp". ''Parliament of the republic of Uganda''. Archived from the original on 28 September 2020. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> akaba ari memba aha kakiiko ka Uganda Retirement Benefits Regulatory Authority(URBRA) kuruga 2015 kuhisya 2017, kandi kuruga 2004 kuhisya 2008 akaba ari omureeberezi w’okuguza sente omu kitongore kya microfinance support centre limited, okwongyera ahari ekyo akaba ari omuhwezi w’orikukurira purogyekiti ya rural microfinance support project kuruga 2004 kuhisya 2008. Kuruga 1998 kuhisya 2004 akaba ari omuhwezi w’orikukurira purogyekiti ya poverty alleviation project kandi akaba ari omushwijumi w’ebishare omu kitongore kya Uganda central transport and clearers limited kuruga 1991 kuhisya 1998.<ref>"Parliament of Uganda members of the 10th parliament. Work experience". ''Parliament of uganda''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> Omu ishengyero naaheereza aha kakiiko k'eby'esente nk'omuhwezi wa mukuru w'entebe. == <big>Reference</big> == 3ofq7awm23fwr02obvamgfrfiy66vli 7255749 7255748 2026-07-19T16:36:15Z Bonny256 2693064 Reference hyperlinked 7255749 wikitext text/x-wiki '''<big>Jane Avur Pacuto</big>''' (born 6 January 1966) in'omukazi omunyabyabutegyeki kandi omunyishengyero. Naajwekyera abantu ba Pakwach nk'omujwekyerwa w'abakazi omu disiturikiti omu ishengyero rya Uganda.<ref>[https://www.parliament.go.ug/mp_database/profile.php?mid=525 "Parliament of Uganda Members of the 10th Parliament"]. ''Parliament of Uganda''.</ref><ref>https://www.ec.or.ug/election/woman-member-parliament-pakwach-district"Woman member of parliament pakwach district". ''ELECTORAL COMMISSION''. 26 September 2017. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> N'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movemen]]<nowiki/>t(NRM) ekibiina<ref>https://ugandaradionetwork.net/story/nrm-sweep-pakwach-woman-mp-lc5-seats<nowiki/>David, Rupiny (2 September 2017). "NRM takes pakwach woman mp, LCV seats". ''Uganda radio network''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> ekirikwebemberwa omwebembezi wa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] Yoweri Kaguta Museveni.<ref>https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/news/ea/NRM-to-endorse-yoweri-museveni-for-another-term/4552908-5431318-l5hclwz/index.html<nowiki/>Jonathan, Kamoga (2 November 2020). "NRM to endorse Yoweri museveni for another term". ''The East African''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> == Obwegyese == Pacuto akatandika obwegyese bwe obwa puraimare kuruga omu ishomero rya puraimare erya Nabiyonga kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya puraimare (PLE) omuri 1982, bwanyima akaza omu ishomero rya Sacred Heart secondary school Gulu ahu yaaherize emishomo ye eya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Certificate of Education|Uganda Certificate of Education]](UCE) omuri 1985 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education(UACE) omuri 1988. Bwanyima akaza omu yunivasite ya Makerere kandi yaamara emishomo ye eya bachelor's degree in social sciences omuri 1991 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]](UACE) omuri 1988. Bwanyima akaza omu yunivasite ya [[Wp/nyn/Makerere University|Makerere]] kandi yaamara emishomo ye eya bachelor's degree in social sciences omuri 1991 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]](UACE) omuri 1988.<ref>https://www.parliament.go.ug/mp_database/profile.php?mid=525"Parliament of uganda members of the 10th parliament, Education background". ''Parliament of Uganda''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> == Omurimo gw'okukora. == Jane avur pacuto atwire ari memba omu ishengyero rya Uganda kuruga 2017 kuhisya hati,<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200928020246/https://www.parliament.go.ug/find-an-mp"Find an mp". ''Parliament of the republic of Uganda''. Archived from the original on 28 September 2020. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> akaba ari memba aha kakiiko ka Uganda Retirement Benefits Regulatory Authority(URBRA) kuruga 2015 kuhisya 2017, kandi kuruga 2004 kuhisya 2008 akaba ari omureeberezi w’okuguza sente omu kitongore kya microfinance support centre limited, okwongyera ahari ekyo akaba ari omuhwezi w’orikukurira purogyekiti ya rural microfinance support project kuruga 2004 kuhisya 2008. Kuruga 1998 kuhisya 2004 akaba ari omuhwezi w’orikukurira purogyekiti ya poverty alleviation project kandi akaba ari omushwijumi w’ebishare omu kitongore kya Uganda central transport and clearers limited kuruga 1991 kuhisya 1998.<ref>"Parliament of Uganda members of the 10th parliament. Work experience". ''Parliament of uganda''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> Omu ishengyero naaheereza aha kakiiko k'eby'esente nk'omuhwezi wa mukuru w'entebe. == <big>Reference</big> == 4kzmkpj4ox1a4qnt9b6o36mlqsd3j5j 7255750 7255749 2026-07-19T16:37:13Z Bonny256 2693064 Reference hyperlinked 7255750 wikitext text/x-wiki '''<big>Jane Avur Pacuto</big>''' (born 6 January 1966) in'omukazi omunyabyabutegyeki kandi omunyishengyero. Naajwekyera abantu ba Pakwach nk'omujwekyerwa w'abakazi omu disiturikiti omu ishengyero rya Uganda.<ref>[https://www.parliament.go.ug/mp_database/profile.php?mid=525 "Parliament of Uganda Members of the 10th Parliament"]. ''Parliament of Uganda''.</ref><ref>https://www.ec.or.ug/election/woman-member-parliament-pakwach-district"Woman member of parliament pakwach district". ''ELECTORAL COMMISSION''. 26 September 2017. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> N'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movemen]]<nowiki/>t(NRM) ekibiina<ref>https://ugandaradionetwork.net/story/nrm-sweep-pakwach-woman-mp-lc5-seats<nowiki/>David, Rupiny (2 September 2017). "NRM takes pakwach woman mp, LCV seats". ''Uganda radio network''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> ekirikwebemberwa omwebembezi wa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] Yoweri Kaguta Museveni.<ref>https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/news/ea/NRM-to-endorse-yoweri-museveni-for-another-term/4552908-5431318-l5hclwz/index.html<nowiki/>Jonathan, Kamoga (2 November 2020). "NRM to endorse Yoweri museveni for another term". ''The East African''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> == Obwegyese == Pacuto akatandika obwegyese bwe obwa puraimare kuruga omu ishomero rya puraimare erya Nabiyonga kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya puraimare (PLE) omuri 1982, bwanyima akaza omu ishomero rya Sacred Heart secondary school Gulu ahu yaaherize emishomo ye eya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Certificate of Education|Uganda Certificate of Education]](UCE) omuri 1985 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education(UACE) omuri 1988. Bwanyima akaza omu yunivasite ya Makerere kandi yaamara emishomo ye eya bachelor's degree in social sciences omuri 1991 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]](UACE) omuri 1988. Bwanyima akaza omu yunivasite ya [[Wp/nyn/Makerere University|Makerere]] kandi yaamara emishomo ye eya bachelor's degree in social sciences omuri 1991 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]](UACE) omuri 1988.<ref>https://www.parliament.go.ug/mp_database/profile.php?mid=525"Parliament of uganda members of the 10th parliament, Education background". ''Parliament of Uganda''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> == Omurimo gw'okukora. == Jane avur pacuto atwire ari memba omu ishengyero rya Uganda kuruga 2017 kuhisya hati,<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200928020246/https://www.parliament.go.ug/find-an-mp"Find an mp". ''Parliament of the republic of Uganda''. Archived from the original on 28 September 2020. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> akaba ari memba aha kakiiko ka Uganda Retirement Benefits Regulatory Authority(URBRA) kuruga 2015 kuhisya 2017, kandi kuruga 2004 kuhisya 2008 akaba ari omureeberezi w’okuguza sente omu kitongore kya microfinance support centre limited, okwongyera ahari ekyo akaba ari omuhwezi w’orikukurira purogyekiti ya rural microfinance support project kuruga 2004 kuhisya 2008. Kuruga 1998 kuhisya 2004 akaba ari omuhwezi w’orikukurira purogyekiti ya poverty alleviation project kandi akaba ari omushwijumi w’ebishare omu kitongore kya Uganda central transport and clearers limited kuruga 1991 kuhisya 1998.<ref>https://www.parliament.go.ug/mp_database/profile.php?mid=525"Parliament of Uganda members of the 10th parliament. Work experience". ''Parliament of uganda''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> Omu ishengyero naaheereza aha kakiiko k'eby'esente nk'omuhwezi wa mukuru w'entebe. == <big>Reference</big> == t1zk4ne9uy0vqu0jsbld26qmj0lb16z 7255751 7255750 2026-07-19T16:39:40Z Bonny256 2693064 Added reference 7255751 wikitext text/x-wiki '''<big>Jane Avur Pacuto</big>''' (born 6 January 1966) in'omukazi omunyabyabutegyeki kandi omunyishengyero. Naajwekyera abantu ba Pakwach nk'omujwekyerwa w'abakazi omu disiturikiti omu ishengyero rya Uganda.<ref>[https://www.parliament.go.ug/mp_database/profile.php?mid=525 "Parliament of Uganda Members of the 10th Parliament"]. ''Parliament of Uganda''.</ref><ref>https://www.ec.or.ug/election/woman-member-parliament-pakwach-district"Woman member of parliament pakwach district". ''ELECTORAL COMMISSION''. 26 September 2017. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> N'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movemen]]<nowiki/>t(NRM) ekibiina<ref>https://ugandaradionetwork.net/story/nrm-sweep-pakwach-woman-mp-lc5-seats<nowiki/>David, Rupiny (2 September 2017). "NRM takes pakwach woman mp, LCV seats". ''Uganda radio network''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> ekirikwebemberwa omwebembezi wa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] Yoweri Kaguta Museveni.<ref>https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/news/ea/NRM-to-endorse-yoweri-museveni-for-another-term/4552908-5431318-l5hclwz/index.html<nowiki/>Jonathan, Kamoga (2 November 2020). "NRM to endorse Yoweri museveni for another term". ''The East African''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> == Obwegyese == Pacuto akatandika obwegyese bwe obwa puraimare kuruga omu ishomero rya puraimare erya Nabiyonga kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya puraimare (PLE) omuri 1982, bwanyima akaza omu ishomero rya Sacred Heart secondary school Gulu ahu yaaherize emishomo ye eya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Certificate of Education|Uganda Certificate of Education]](UCE) omuri 1985 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education(UACE) omuri 1988. Bwanyima akaza omu yunivasite ya Makerere kandi yaamara emishomo ye eya bachelor's degree in social sciences omuri 1991 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]](UACE) omuri 1988. Bwanyima akaza omu yunivasite ya [[Wp/nyn/Makerere University|Makerere]] kandi yaamara emishomo ye eya bachelor's degree in social sciences omuri 1991 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]](UACE) omuri 1988.<ref>https://www.parliament.go.ug/mp_database/profile.php?mid=525"Parliament of uganda members of the 10th parliament, Education background". ''Parliament of Uganda''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> == Omurimo gw'okukora. == Jane avur pacuto atwire ari memba omu ishengyero rya Uganda kuruga 2017 kuhisya hati,<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200928020246/https://www.parliament.go.ug/find-an-mp"Find an mp". ''Parliament of the republic of Uganda''. Archived from the original on 28 September 2020. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> akaba ari memba aha kakiiko ka Uganda Retirement Benefits Regulatory Authority(URBRA) kuruga 2015 kuhisya 2017, kandi kuruga 2004 kuhisya 2008 akaba ari omureeberezi w’okuguza sente omu kitongore kya microfinance support centre limited, okwongyera ahari ekyo akaba ari omuhwezi w’orikukurira purogyekiti ya rural microfinance support project kuruga 2004 kuhisya 2008. Kuruga 1998 kuhisya 2004 akaba ari omuhwezi w’orikukurira purogyekiti ya poverty alleviation project kandi akaba ari omushwijumi w’ebishare omu kitongore kya Uganda central transport and clearers limited kuruga 1991 kuhisya 1998.<ref>https://www.parliament.go.ug/mp_database/profile.php?mid=525"Parliament of Uganda members of the 10th parliament. Work experience". ''Parliament of uganda''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> Omu ishengyero naaheereza aha kakiiko k'eby'esente nk'omuhwezi wa mukuru w'entebe.<ref>[https://www.parliament.go.ug/mp_database/profile.php?mid=525 https://www.parliament.go.ug/mp_database/profile.php?mid=525https://www.parliament.go.ug/mp_database/profile.php?mid=525]</ref> == <big>Reference</big> == k1d6isxz4j15di4o5fbdy28y1i24sps 7255752 7255751 2026-07-19T16:43:28Z Bonny256 2693064 Added reference 7255752 wikitext text/x-wiki '''<big>Jane Avur Pacuto</big>''' (born 6 January 1966) in'omukazi omunyabyabutegyeki kandi omunyishengyero. Naajwekyera abantu ba Pakwach nk'omujwekyerwa w'abakazi omu disiturikiti omu ishengyero rya Uganda.<ref>[https://www.parliament.go.ug/mp_database/profile.php?mid=525 "Parliament of Uganda Members of the 10th Parliament"]. ''Parliament of Uganda''.</ref><ref>https://www.ec.or.ug/election/woman-member-parliament-pakwach-district"Woman member of parliament pakwach district". ''ELECTORAL COMMISSION''. 26 September 2017. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> N'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movemen]]<nowiki/>t(NRM) ekibiina<ref>https://ugandaradionetwork.net/story/nrm-sweep-pakwach-woman-mp-lc5-seats<nowiki/>David, Rupiny (2 September 2017). "NRM takes pakwach woman mp, LCV seats". ''Uganda radio network''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> ekirikwebemberwa omwebembezi wa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] Yoweri Kaguta Museveni.<ref>https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/news/ea/NRM-to-endorse-yoweri-museveni-for-another-term/4552908-5431318-l5hclwz/index.html<nowiki/>Jonathan, Kamoga (2 November 2020). "NRM to endorse Yoweri museveni for another term". ''The East African''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> == Obwegyese == Pacuto akatandika obwegyese bwe obwa puraimare kuruga omu ishomero rya puraimare erya Nabiyonga kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya puraimare (PLE) omuri 1982, bwanyima akaza omu ishomero rya Sacred Heart secondary school Gulu ahu yaaherize emishomo ye eya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Certificate of Education|Uganda Certificate of Education]](UCE) omuri 1985 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education(UACE) omuri 1988. Bwanyima akaza omu yunivasite ya Makerere kandi yaamara emishomo ye eya bachelor's degree in social sciences omuri 1991 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]](UACE) omuri 1988. Bwanyima akaza omu yunivasite ya [[Wp/nyn/Makerere University|Makerere]] kandi yaamara emishomo ye eya bachelor's degree in social sciences omuri 1991 bwanyima yaheebwa omwanya omu ishomero rya Kibuli Secondary School ahu yaashomire A'level kandi yaakora ebigyezo bye ebya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education|Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education]](UACE) omuri 1988.<ref>https://www.parliament.go.ug/mp_database/profile.php?mid=525"Parliament of uganda members of the 10th parliament, Education background". ''Parliament of Uganda''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> == Omurimo gw'okukora. == Jane avur pacuto atwire ari memba omu ishengyero rya Uganda kuruga 2017 kuhisya hati,<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200928020246/https://www.parliament.go.ug/find-an-mp"Find an mp". ''Parliament of the republic of Uganda''. Archived from the original on 28 September 2020. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> akaba ari memba aha kakiiko ka Uganda Retirement Benefits Regulatory Authority(URBRA) kuruga 2015 kuhisya 2017, kandi kuruga 2004 kuhisya 2008 akaba ari omureeberezi w’okuguza sente omu kitongore kya microfinance support centre limited, okwongyera ahari ekyo akaba ari omuhwezi w’orikukurira purogyekiti ya rural microfinance support project kuruga 2004 kuhisya 2008. Kuruga 1998 kuhisya 2004 akaba ari omuhwezi w’orikukurira purogyekiti ya poverty alleviation project kandi akaba ari omushwijumi w’ebishare omu kitongore kya Uganda central transport and clearers limited kuruga 1991 kuhisya 1998.<ref>https://www.parliament.go.ug/mp_database/profile.php?mid=525"Parliament of Uganda members of the 10th parliament. Work experience". ''Parliament of uganda''. Retrieved 8 April 2020.</ref> Omu ishengyero naaheereza aha kakiiko k'eby'esente nk'omuhwezi wa mukuru w'entebe.<ref>[http://sanyufm.com/news/government-and-opposition-parliament-make-changes-committee-leadership "Government and opposition in parliament make Changes to committee leadership"]. ''Sanyu fm''. 2 July 2018. Retrieved 8 April 2020</ref> == <big>Reference</big> == 1hl9ly49yo92fmfd1q4z9duuu23x2mx 2 3791542 7255660 2026-07-19T12:11:31Z Isksks 2688764 /* */ 7255660 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#babel:ar|arz-2}} 63rlz5m8731vxqd2fvmmqysab6pujr2 7256407 7255660 2026-07-20T10:03:04Z ABDALLAH 2692019 /* */ 7256407 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 14 3791543 7255661 2026-07-19T12:11:31Z Babel AutoCreate 20146 Automatically creating [[Project:Babel|Babel]] category page 7255661 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Babel-autocreate-text-levels|2|Egyptian Arabic|arz}} 63t3pikfyscoocgqbkdabal8qfzkylc 3 3791544 7255663 2026-07-19T12:16:18Z J ansari 2521989 J ansari moved page [[User talk:Sajid Ahmed Nijhu]] to [[User talk:DeltaChronicler]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/Sajid Ahmed Nijhu|Sajid Ahmed Nijhu]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/DeltaChronicler|DeltaChronicler]]" 7255663 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[User talk:DeltaChronicler]] rmyt1etqj8ajdlc888p02ocjjo07d0u 0 3791545 7255685 2026-07-19T14:21:41Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခလိမ်း === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰléɪɴ/}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === စိကေချေ တိမ်းစောင်းသည်။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === bend-deviate-tilt === ဗမာ === အနည်းငယ် တိမ်းစောင်းသည်။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rk..." 7255685 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခလိမ်း === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰléɪɴ/}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === စိကေချေ တိမ်းစောင်းသည်။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === bend-deviate-tilt === ဗမာ === အနည်းငယ် တိမ်းစောင်းသည်။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] b5cs3nkxik4j6ikw7jyt3d8oy76ejlp 0 3791546 7255688 2026-07-19T14:24:11Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခလုံး === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰlóʊɴ/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ ခြင်းလုံး။ * ၂၊ မို့မောက် ငေါထွက်နိန်ရေ အရာ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * 1. cane ball; chinlone * 2. protrusion; bulge; knob; bump === ဗမာ === * ၁၊ ခြင်..." 7255688 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခလုံး === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰlóʊɴ/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ ခြင်းလုံး။ * ၂၊ မို့မောက် ငေါထွက်နိန်ရေ အရာ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * 1. cane ball; chinlone * 2. protrusion; bulge; knob; bump === ဗမာ === * ၁၊ ခြင်းလုံး။ * ၂၊ မို့မောက် ငေါထွက်နေသော အရာ။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] dya7y0z8mw25o9rzbwfp2gjnv4t3gjr 0 3791547 7255691 2026-07-19T14:25:38Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခလုံးတိုက် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰlóʊɴtaɪʔ/}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === စူးငြှောင့်၊ သစ်ငုတ်၊ ခလုတ် ထိမိအက်မိိရေ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === obstacle === ဗမာ === ဆူးငြှောင့်၊ သစ်ငုတ်..." 7255691 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခလုံးတိုက် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰlóʊɴtaɪʔ/}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === စူးငြှောင့်၊ သစ်ငုတ်၊ ခလုတ် ထိမိအက်မိိရေ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === obstacle === ဗမာ === ဆူးငြှောင့်၊ သစ်ငုတ်၊ ခလုတ်ထိမိသည်။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] kcicq1i02urnjdtu7u0e5v110a40tpt 7255693 7255691 2026-07-19T14:27:11Z Retkhaberi 2609544 7255693 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခလုံးတိုက် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰlóʊɴtaɪʔ/}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === စူးငြှောင့်၊ သစ်ငုတ်၊ ခလုတ် ထိမိအက်မိိရေ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === to stumble, to trip over === ဗမာ === ဆူးငြှောင့်၊ သစ်ငုတ်၊ ခလုတ်ထိမိသည်။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] dnkin1h5gyfhd9k7gasrs2t0smjj2b6 0 3791548 7255694 2026-07-19T14:29:53Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခလုတ်ခလဲ့ === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰloʊʔkʰlé/}} === ကြိယာဝိသေသန === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာဝိသေသန}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ ခြီထောက်အစဟိရေ အရာများ သန်မာခိုင်မြဲခြင်း မဟိဘဲ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * 1. unsteadily; shakily;..." 7255694 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခလုတ်ခလဲ့ === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰloʊʔkʰlé/}} === ကြိယာဝိသေသန === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာဝိသေသန}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ ခြီထောက်အစဟိရေ အရာများ သန်မာခိုင်မြဲခြင်း မဟိဘဲ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * 1. unsteadily; shakily; totteringly; without firmness or stability === ဗမာ === * ၁၊ ခြေထောက်စသော အရာများ သန်မာခိုင်မြဲခြင်း မရှိဘဲ။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] 86ofqzlop72qacmjoqkhashfz2zuhi2 0 3791549 7255695 2026-07-19T14:32:10Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခလွန်းသား === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰlʊ́ɴθá/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ ဆဲရဲပြောဆိုရေ စကား။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * 1. abusive language; vituperation; insults; foul speech === ဗမာ === * ၁၊ ဆဲရဲပြောဆိုသော စကား။ ==..." 7255695 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခလွန်းသား === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰlʊ́ɴθá/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ ဆဲရဲပြောဆိုရေ စကား။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * 1. abusive language; vituperation; insults; foul speech === ဗမာ === * ၁၊ ဆဲရဲပြောဆိုသော စကား။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] o2o854pnae7wsh42qyp2s9tzbsayiqj 0 3791550 7255696 2026-07-19T14:33:31Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခဝါ === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰwà/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === အဝတ်အထည် ဖွပ်လျှော် ဆောင်ရွက်မှု။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === washing clothes === ဗမာ === အဝတ်အထည် ဖွပ်လျှော် ဆောင်ရွက်မှု။ == ကို..." 7255696 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခဝါ === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰwà/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === အဝတ်အထည် ဖွပ်လျှော် ဆောင်ရွက်မှု။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === washing clothes === ဗမာ === အဝတ်အထည် ဖွပ်လျှော် ဆောင်ရွက်မှု။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] lg2zdy0qj08h3pngfca2996smhst9fq 0 3791551 7255698 2026-07-19T14:35:11Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခဝါချ === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰwàɕ/}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ ဖြူစင်အောင် ဖွပ်လျှော်ရေ။ * ၂၊ ဖြူစင် ရှင်းသန့်ရေ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * 1. to launder; to wash clothes thoroughly (to make them clean and white) * 2...." 7255698 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခဝါချ === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰwàɕ/}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ ဖြူစင်အောင် ဖွပ်လျှော်ရေ။ * ၂၊ ဖြူစင် ရှင်းသန့်ရေ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * 1. to launder; to wash clothes thoroughly (to make them clean and white) * 2. to be pure; to be clean and spotless === ဗမာ === * ၁၊ ဖြူစင်အောင် ဖွပ်လျှော်သည်။ * ၂၊ ဖြူစင် သန့်ရှင်းသည်။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] 0hi1qfyeqat97r0p5gv1jy7fenjengr 0 3791552 7255700 2026-07-19T14:35:52Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခဝါရောင် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰwàɹàʊɴ/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === ဝါကြန့်ကြန့် အရောင်။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === yellowish === ဗမာ === ဝါကြန့်ကြန့် အရောင်။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} Category:..." 7255700 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခဝါရောင် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰwàɹàʊɴ/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === ဝါကြန့်ကြန့် အရောင်။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === yellowish === ဗမာ === ဝါကြန့်ကြန့် အရောင်။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] pikiqsd4wg3hj1mwtgynaorwh7mtqf2 0 3791553 7255701 2026-07-19T14:37:24Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခဝါသည် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰwàθɛ̀/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === အဝတ်ဖွတ်သူ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === launderer === ဗမာ === အဝတ်လျှော်ဖွတ်သူ။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]]" 7255701 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခဝါသည် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰwàθɛ̀/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === အဝတ်ဖွတ်သူ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === launderer === ဗမာ === အဝတ်လျှော်ဖွတ်သူ။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] dkq0mgh6mq7t6q6rkwikngo9pevtm0n 7255702 7255701 2026-07-19T14:37:56Z Retkhaberi 2609544 7255702 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခဝါသည် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰwàθɛ̀/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === အဝတ်ဖွပ်သူ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === launderer === ဗမာ === အဝတ်လျှော်ဖွပ်သူ။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] dfh16gyfcp0z9dy9ddwaa1824tdni5y 0 3791554 7255703 2026-07-19T14:39:45Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခဝဲသီး === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰwɛθï/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ ဟင်းချက်စားရရေ သီးတောင့်ရှည်သီးရေ နွယ်ပင်တမျိုး။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * 1. Luffa; ridge gourd; sponge gourd === ဗမာ === * ၁၊ ဟင်း..." 7255703 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခဝဲသီး === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰwɛθï/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ ဟင်းချက်စားရရေ သီးတောင့်ရှည်သီးရေ နွယ်ပင်တမျိုး။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * 1. Luffa; ridge gourd; sponge gourd === ဗမာ === * ၁၊ ဟင်းချက်စားရသော သီးတောင့်ရှည်သီးသည့် နွယ်ပင်တစ်မျိုး။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] 0xj6a6npgg1n80jytwgtnwmrsjw65xn 0 3791555 7255704 2026-07-19T14:41:47Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခသလာ === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰθlà/}} === ကြိယာဝိသေသန === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာဝိသေသန}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ ရူးကြောင်ကြောင်။ ပေါ်ချီပေါ်ချာ။ စိတ်မငြိမ်ပဲ ကပျက်ကချော် ပြောဆိုပြုမူဗျာယ်။ *..." 7255704 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခသလာ === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰθlà/}} === ကြိယာဝိသေသန === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာဝိသေသန}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ ရူးကြောင်ကြောင်။ ပေါ်ချီပေါ်ချာ။ စိတ်မငြိမ်ပဲ ကပျက်ကချော် ပြောဆိုပြုမူဗျာယ်။ * ၂၊ ရူးနှမ်းနှမ်း။ စိကေချေ စိတ်မနှံ့ပဲ။ * ၃၊ လိမ္မာအထာနပ်မှု မဟိဘဲ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * 1. eccentrically; erratically; acting or speaking in an unstable or frivolous manner * 2. foolishly; half-wittedly; absurdly * 3. unwisely; naively; without tact or shrewdness === ဗမာ === * ၁၊ ရူးကြောင်ကြောင်။ ရူးပေါပေါ။ စိတ်မငြိမ်ပဲ ပေါ့ပေါ့တန်တန် ပြောဆိုပြုမူလျက်။ * ၂၊ ရူးနှမ်းနှမ်း။ အနည်းငယ် စိတ်မနှံ့ပဲ။ * ၃၊ လိမ္မာပါးနပ်မှု မရှိပဲ။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] qyy97h48ksidzgk5d7g5u97mxcaxdif 0 3791556 7255705 2026-07-19T14:43:06Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခသလက် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰθlɛʔ/}} === နာမဝိသေသန === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမဝိသေသန}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === စိကေချေခါးရေ အရသာဟိရေ။ ခါးသက်သက် အရသာ ဟိရေ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === slightly bitter === ဗမာ === အနည်းငယ်ခါးသည့်..." 7255705 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခသလက် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰθlɛʔ/}} === နာမဝိသေသန === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမဝိသေသန}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === စိကေချေခါးရေ အရသာဟိရေ။ ခါးသက်သက် အရသာ ဟိရေ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === slightly bitter === ဗမာ === အနည်းငယ်ခါးသည့် အရသာရှိသော။ ခါးသက်သက် အရသာ ရှိသော။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] q2auugn6llw7n6ems8jm9egvir9qoih 0 3791557 7255706 2026-07-19T14:45:15Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခသံ့ခဝါ === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰθɔ̃kʰwà/}} === ကြိယာဝိသေသန === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာဝိသေသန}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ (အသံအစဟိစွာရို့)မသဲမကွဲ၊ မတိမကျ၊ မသေမချာ။ * ၂၊ အရိပ်အမြွတ်အားဖြင့်၊ ရိုးတိ..." 7255706 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခသံ့ခဝါ === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰθɔ̃kʰwà/}} === ကြိယာဝိသေသန === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာဝိသေသန}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ (အသံအစဟိစွာရို့)မသဲမကွဲ၊ မတိမကျ၊ မသေမချာ။ * ၂၊ အရိပ်အမြွတ်အားဖြင့်၊ ရိုးတိုးရိပ်တိပ် (ကြားလိုက်ရရေ) === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * 1. indistinctly; unclearly; vaguely; uncertainly * 2. faintly; dimly; implicitly; as a mere hint (heard) === ဗမာ === * ၁၊ (အသံစသည်တို့)မသဲမကွဲ၊ မတိမကျ၊ မသေမချာ။ * ၂၊ အရိပ်အမြွတ်အားဖြင့်၊ ရိုးတိုးရိပ်တိပ် (ကြားလိုက်ရသည်) == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] tplw0f8emj10bvextswkgub03lrfcsi 0 3791558 7255707 2026-07-19T14:46:26Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခသံ့သံ့ === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰθɔ̃θɔ̃/}} === ကြိယာဝိသေသန === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာဝိသေသန}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ (အသံအစဟိစွာရို့)မသဲမကွဲ၊ မတိမကျ၊ မသေမချာ။ * ၂၊ အရိပ်အမြွတ်အားဖြင့်၊ ရိုးတိ..." 7255707 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခသံ့သံ့ === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰθɔ̃θɔ̃/}} === ကြိယာဝိသေသန === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာဝိသေသန}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ (အသံအစဟိစွာရို့)မသဲမကွဲ၊ မတိမကျ၊ မသေမချာ။ * ၂၊ အရိပ်အမြွတ်အားဖြင့်၊ ရိုးတိုးရိပ်တိပ် (ကြားလိုက်ရရေ) === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * 1. indistinctly; unclearly; vaguely; uncertainly * 2. faintly; dimly; implicitly; as a mere hint (heard) === ဗမာ === * ၁၊ (အသံစသည်တို့)မသဲမကွဲ၊ မတိမကျ၊ မသေမချာ။ * ၂၊ အရိပ်အမြွတ်အားဖြင့်၊ ရိုးတိုးရိပ်တိပ် (ကြားလိုက်ရသည်) == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] il33v613eo1rnsug3ku71351cmlo5j6 0 3791559 7255708 2026-07-19T14:47:31Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခသွေက === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰθwèk/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === မကြာသိသော အခါကာလက။ မကြာသိသော အချိန်က။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === recent === ဗမာ === မကြာသေးသော အခါကာလက။ မကြာသေးသော အချိ..." 7255708 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခသွေက === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰθwèk/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === မကြာသိသော အခါကာလက။ မကြာသိသော အချိန်က။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === recent === ဗမာ === မကြာသေးသော အခါကာလက။ မကြာသေးသော အချိန်က။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] sr60vs9aqsasjmd7adpeq2ekso7tcn8 0 3791560 7255709 2026-07-19T14:49:14Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခသွင်ခပြင် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰθwɪ̀ɴkʰpɹɪ̀ɴ/}} === ကြိယာဝိသေသန === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာဝိသေသန}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ ပုံပန်းသဏ္ဍာန်။ ရုပ်ရည်အသွင်အပြင်။ အမူအရာ။(တစိတ်တဒီသအနိန်နန့်တူစွ..." 7255709 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခသွင်ခပြင် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰθwɪ̀ɴkʰpɹɪ̀ɴ/}} === ကြိယာဝိသေသန === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာဝိသေသန}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ ပုံပန်းသဏ္ဍာန်။ ရုပ်ရည်အသွင်အပြင်။ အမူအရာ။(တစိတ်တဒီသအနိန်နန့်တူစွာ။) === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * 1. in appearance or demeanor; characteristically; partially resembling (in look or manner) === ဗမာ === * ၁၊ ပုံပန်းသဏ္ဍာန်။ ရုပ်ရည်အသွင်အပြင်။ အမူအရာ။(တစ်စိတ်တစ်ဒေသ အားဖြင့်တူသည်။) == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] 0n1mmtdh17ibehtq52p847muokc1v3u 0 3791561 7255710 2026-07-19T14:49:58Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခသွန်က === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰθʊ̀ɴk/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === မကြာသိသော အခါကာလက။ မကြာသိသော အချိန်က။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === recent === ဗမာ === မကြာသေးသော အခါကာလက။ မကြာသေးသော အခ..." 7255710 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခသွန်က === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰθʊ̀ɴk/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === မကြာသိသော အခါကာလက။ မကြာသိသော အချိန်က။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === recent === ဗမာ === မကြာသေးသော အခါကာလက။ မကြာသေးသော အချိန်က။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] 2z4t4muikzl1yg9j59w21qoutor6emw 0 3791562 7255711 2026-07-19T14:51:24Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခအီးခကြင် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰʔïkʰt͡ɕɪ̀ɴ/}} === ကြိယာဝိသေသန === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာဝိသေသန}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ မနီနှိုင် မထိုင်နှိုင်ယောင် နာကြင်ကိုက်ခဲဗျာယ်။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * 1. agonizingly; pa..." 7255711 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခအီးခကြင် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰʔïkʰt͡ɕɪ̀ɴ/}} === ကြိယာဝိသေသန === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာဝိသေသန}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ မနီနှိုင် မထိုင်နှိုင်ယောင် နာကြင်ကိုက်ခဲဗျာယ်။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * 1. agonizingly; painfully; with unbearable or excruciating pain === ဗမာ === * ၁၊ မနေနိုင် မထိုင်နိုင်အောင် နာကျင်ကိုက်ခဲလျက်။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] 1v653wsaklzp3do6j6aw07ue85vt50g 0 3791563 7255712 2026-07-19T14:52:26Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခအောင်းခါး === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰʔáʊɴkʰà:/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === ဝမ်းခြင့်လျှင် ယင်းဧ့ အနုရွက်ကို စားရရေ(တတောင် ကျော်ကျော်လောက်မြင့်ရေ) ခြုံပင်တမျိုး။ ===..." 7255712 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခအောင်းခါး === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰʔáʊɴkʰà:/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === ဝမ်းခြင့်လျှင် ယင်းဧ့ အနုရွက်ကို စားရရေ(တတောင် ကျော်ကျော်လောက်မြင့်ရေ) ခြုံပင်တမျိုး။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === plant for recovery of stomach ache === ဗမာ === ဗိုက်အောင့်လျှင် ယင်း၏ အနုရွက်ကို စားရသော(တစ်တောင် ကျော်ကျော်ခန့်မြင့်သည့်) ချုံပင်တစ်မျိုး။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] 2g6c20k3vho60fn9a7i8njeb44x7wyq 0 3791564 7255713 2026-07-19T14:53:17Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခအုံးခါး === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰʔóʊɴkʰà:/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === ဝမ်းခြင့်လျှင် ယင်းဧ့ အနုရွက်ကို စားရရေ(တတောင် ကျော်ကျော်လောက်မြင့်ရေ) ခြုံပင်တမျိုး။ === အင..." 7255713 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခအုံးခါး === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰʔóʊɴkʰà:/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === ဝမ်းခြင့်လျှင် ယင်းဧ့ အနုရွက်ကို စားရရေ(တတောင် ကျော်ကျော်လောက်မြင့်ရေ) ခြုံပင်တမျိုး။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === plant for recovery of stomach ache === ဗမာ === ဗိုက်အောင့်လျှင် ယင်း၏ အနုရွက်ကို စားရသော(တစ်တောင် ကျော်ကျော်ခန့်မြင့်သည့်) ချုံပင်တစ်မျိုး။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] cwcj8y5wf456rez793jouu46bg1jzaa 0 3791565 7255714 2026-07-19T14:58:56Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခရို့ခရမ်း === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰɹo̰kʰɹáɴ/}} === ကြိယာဝိသေသန === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာဝိသေသန}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ ကိုယ့် ဂုဏ်ပကာသနကို ဖေါ်ထုတ် ဝင့်ကြွား ပြောဆိုဗျာယ်။ * ၂၊ လူများကိုအနှ..." 7255714 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခရို့ခရမ်း === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰɹo̰kʰɹáɴ/}} === ကြိယာဝိသေသန === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာဝိသေသန}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ ကိုယ့် ဂုဏ်ပကာသနကို ဖေါ်ထုတ် ဝင့်ကြွား ပြောဆိုဗျာယ်။ * ၂၊ လူများကိုအနှောင့်အယှက် ဖြစ်ယောင် ကိုယ်ချင်းမစာပဲ ထင်ရာ ပြုမူဗျာယ်။ * ၃၊ အနိုင်လိုချင်သောစိတ်၊ ဖို့လိုရေစိတ်နန့် တဖက်သားအား ရိုင်းစိုင်းစွာ ကျူးလွန်ပြောဆို ပြုမူဗျာယ်။ "သူယင်ငါရ၊ ခရို့ခရမ်း၊ တောင်မြောက်သန်းကေ၊ လူရမ်းပြကာ" (ကော်)။ "တမို့မို့နှင့်၊ ခရို့ခရမ်း၊ ပွဲလယ်ဘောင်မှာ၊ တောင်မြောက်သန်းလို့၊ လူစွမ်းပြရေ" (ရာမ) === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * 1. boastfully; ostentatiously; vaingloriously * 2. disruptively; inconsiderately; recklessly * 3. rudely; aggressively; insolently; overbearingly === ဗမာ === * ၁၊ မိမိ၏ ဂုဏ်ပကာသနကို ဖေါ်ထုတ် ဝင့်ကြွား ပြောဆိုလျက်။ * ၂၊ သူတစ်ပါးကို အနှောင့်အယှက် ဖြစ်အောင် ကိုယ်ချင်းမစာပဲ ထင်ရာ ပြုမူလျက်။ * ၃၊ အနိုင်လိုချင်သောစိတ်၊ ရန်လိုသောစိတ်ဖြင့် တစ်ဖက်သားအား ရိုင်းစိုင်းစွာ ကျူးလွန်ပြောဆို ပြုမူလျက်။ "သူယင်ငါရ၊ ခရို့ခရမ်း၊ တောင်မြောက်သန်းကေ၊ လူရမ်းပြကာ" (ကော်)။ "တမို့မို့နှင့်၊ ခရို့ခရမ်း၊ ပွဲလယ်ဘောင်မှာ၊ တောင်မြောက်သန်းလို့၊ လူစွမ်းပြရေ" (ရာမ) == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] b8ruqzl753u43zi55l1p1szikhj0n2q 0 3791566 7255715 2026-07-19T14:59:43Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခရို့ရို့ === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰɹo̰ɹo̰/}} === နာမဝိသေသန === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမဝိသေသန}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === (ကိုယ်ကာယ) (ခွန်အားဗလ) အင်အားတောင့်တင်း ဖွံ့ထွားလာရေ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === strength === ဗမာ === (ကိုယ..." 7255715 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခရို့ရို့ === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰɹo̰ɹo̰/}} === နာမဝိသေသန === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမဝိသေသန}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === (ကိုယ်ကာယ) (ခွန်အားဗလ) အင်အားတောင့်တင်း ဖွံ့ထွားလာရေ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === strength === ဗမာ === (ကိုယ်ကာယ) (ခွန်အားဗလ) အင်အားတောင့်တင်း ဖွံ့ထွားလာသော။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] fjqfnedachy83j4kytxz04ya66wr76y 0 3791567 7255716 2026-07-19T15:02:48Z Elmelson Mikekerry 2661924 Created page with "==Jaku Iban== ===Reti=== ====Jaku nama==== #burung tengah tanah #: {{Wt/iba/ux|iba|Apai Joe mayuh bebulihka '''belayau''' maya iya ngasu semak ba ladang sawit sida. }} ===Sebut=== * {{Wt/iba/hyph|iba|be | la|yau}} [[Category:Wt/iba]]" 7255716 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Jaku Iban== ===Reti=== ====Jaku nama==== #burung tengah tanah #: {{Wt/iba/ux|iba|Apai Joe mayuh bebulihka '''belayau''' maya iya ngasu semak ba ladang sawit sida. }} ===Sebut=== * {{Wt/iba/hyph|iba|be | la|yau}} [[Category:Wt/iba]] m10t99k13z7k3gxt19ox9s71b48qi68 0 3791568 7255717 2026-07-19T15:03:27Z Anthony Dery 2587057 Created page with "'''Bogobe jwa logala''' ɩ la chɛrɛ kookoo ka ba maŋ di Botswana poʋɔ. Ba maŋ maale a la nɩ chɛrɛ joŋ a eŋ beroŋ aŋ soma naŋ kpaara a doɔnɔ ka a te ɩ tage.<ref>https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44187-024-00164-x</ref> A ɩ la baguo bondihii. Neɛ na baŋ eŋ la sikiri bɩɩ fo na baŋ nyu a la a lɛ. == Tarejiihi == <references responsive="1"></references>" 7255717 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bogobe jwa logala''' ɩ la chɛrɛ kookoo ka ba maŋ di Botswana poʋɔ. Ba maŋ maale a la nɩ chɛrɛ joŋ a eŋ beroŋ aŋ soma naŋ kpaara a doɔnɔ ka a te ɩ tage.<ref>https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44187-024-00164-x</ref> A ɩ la baguo bondihii. Neɛ na baŋ eŋ la sikiri bɩɩ fo na baŋ nyu a la a lɛ. == Tarejiihi == <references responsive="1"></references> 9ys5wc4u6gdl6ol887nqryal6bra8t2 7255720 7255717 2026-07-19T15:05:23Z Anthony Dery 2587057 7255720 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/wlx/Databox|item=Q25041852}} '''Bogobe jwa logala''' ɩ la chɛrɛ kookoo ka ba maŋ di Botswana poʋɔ. Ba maŋ maale a la nɩ chɛrɛ joŋ a eŋ beroŋ aŋ soma naŋ kpaara a doɔnɔ ka a te ɩ tage.<ref>https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44187-024-00164-x</ref> A ɩ la baguo bondihii. Neɛ na baŋ eŋ la sikiri bɩɩ fo na baŋ nyu a la a lɛ. == Tarejiihi == <references responsive="1"></references> [[Category:Wp/wlx]] 9k2vhv7uufeltkrs97514wd4bc4z1dn 0 3791569 7255718 2026-07-19T15:03:38Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခရှားရှား === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰɹm̥à:ɹm̥à:/}} === ကြိယာဝိသေသန === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာဝိသေသန}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ ဟိတ်ကြီးဟန်ကြီး။ ဝင့်ကြွားစွာ။ ဂုဏ်ဝင့်ဗျာယ်။ "ဖခင်ပုဏ္ဏား၊ ခရှားရှား..." 7255718 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခရှားရှား === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰɹm̥à:ɹm̥à:/}} === ကြိယာဝိသေသန === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာဝိသေသန}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ ဟိတ်ကြီးဟန်ကြီး။ ဝင့်ကြွားစွာ။ ဂုဏ်ဝင့်ဗျာယ်။ "ဖခင်ပုဏ္ဏား၊ ခရှားရှားဖြင့်၊ လာငြားပြီးခါ" (ဥဒိန်သာ)။ * ၂၊ ကိုယ့် ဂုဏ်ပကာသနကို ဖေါ်ထုတ်ဝင့်ကြွားပြီး၊ မျောက်ခြောက်ခြောက်ကာ လန့်စီပြီးကေ။ "စော်စော်ကားကား၊ ခရှားရှားဖြင့်၊ ပြောဟောခြိမ်းပ" (ရာမ) === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * 1. boastfully; pompously; proudly; ostentatiously * 2. intimidatingly; boastfully and threateningly; in a bullying manner === ဗမာ === * ၁၊ ဟိတ်ကြီးဟန်ကြီး။ ဝင့်ကြွားစွာ။ ဂုဏ်ဝင့်လျက်။ "ဖခင်ပုဏ္ဏား၊ ခရှားရှားဖြင့်၊ လာငြားပြီးခါ" (ဥဒိန်သာ)။ * ၂၊ မိမိ၏ ဂုဏ်ပကာသနကို ဖေါ်ထုတ်ဝင့်ကြွားပြီး၊ ခြိမ်းခြောက်ကာ လန့်စေလျက်။ "စော်စော်ကားကား၊ ခရှားရှားဖြင့်၊ ပြောဟောခြိမ်းပ" (ရာမ) == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] 4rkooqti0o30nhbik53c4su18x24bg4 0 3791570 7255719 2026-07-19T15:04:36Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခလာ === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰlà/}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === ဇာတခုလည်းမဟိ၊ အားလုံး၊ ပြီးဆုံးရေ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === all-completely-entirely === ဗမာ === ဘာမှမရှိ၊ အကုန်အစင်၊ ပြီးဆုံးသည်..." 7255719 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခလာ === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰlà/}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === ဇာတခုလည်းမဟိ၊ အားလုံး၊ ပြီးဆုံးရေ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === all-completely-entirely === ဗမာ === ဘာမှမရှိ၊ အကုန်အစင်၊ ပြီးဆုံးသည်။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] 03ul4qcwrakf10u71e3xazgjdvwrlzt 0 3791571 7255721 2026-07-19T15:06:03Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါကျူး === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰàt͡ɕù:/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === တနှစ်ထက် ပိုလွန်သော အချိန်ကာလ။ "သင်္ကြန်အထူး၊ ခါတော်ကျူး၍၊ မိုးဦးသို့ရောက်" (မေတ္တာတု) === အင်္ဂလ..." 7255721 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါကျူး === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰàt͡ɕù:/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === တနှစ်ထက် ပိုလွန်သော အချိန်ကာလ။ "သင်္ကြန်အထူး၊ ခါတော်ကျူး၍၊ မိုးဦးသို့ရောက်" (မေတ္တာတု) === အင်္ဂလိပ် === more than one year === ဗမာ === တစ်နှစ်ထက် ပိုလွန်သော အချိန်ကာလ။ "သင်္ကြန်အထူး၊ ခါတော်ကျူး၍၊ မိုးဦးသို့ရောက်" (မေတ္တာတု) == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] 7g862ma1px99g180o57enu3sbn1630k 0 3791572 7255724 2026-07-19T15:09:55Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါ === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà/}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ ငြင်းပယ်ရေ။ "တက်တက် ခါရေ။" * ၂၊ လှုပ်ရေ။ တက်တက်ပြောင်စီရေ။ "ဖြုန်းဖြုန်းခါရေ။" === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * 1. to reject; to..." 7255724 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါ === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà/}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ ငြင်းပယ်ရေ။ "တက်တက် ခါရေ။" * ၂၊ လှုပ်ရေ။ တက်တက်ပြောင်စီရေ။ "ဖြုန်းဖြုန်းခါရေ။" === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * 1. to reject; to deny; to refuse * 2. to shake; to shake off (to empty or clear out) === ဗမာ === * ၁၊ ငြင်းပယ်သည်။ "တက်တက် ခါသည်။" * ၂၊ လှုပ်သည်။ ကုန်စင်စေသည်။ "ဖြုန်းဖြုန်းခါသည်။" === ပစ္စည်း === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ပစ္စည်း}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ အကြိမ်အခါ အရွီအတွက်ကို ပြသော စကားလုံး။ (တခါ၊ နှစ်ခါစရေ။) === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * 1. times; numerical classifier used to indicate the number of times or occurrences === ဗမာ === * ၁၊ အကြိမ်အခါ အရေအတွက်ကို ပြသော စကားလုံး။ (တစ်ခါ၊ နှစ်ခါစသည်။) == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] to6zim8t65rmzez1mkj7zaim1omy88o 0 3791573 7255725 2026-07-19T15:26:37Z Anthony Dery 2587057 Created page with "'''Dow Breweries''' ɩ la dããdonjie aŋ be Quebec, Canada pʋoɔ. A tʋma jie ŋa da ɩ la William Dow maaloo (1800–1868)<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110707233243/http://www.bieremag.com/bm-m-ma1.html</ref>. A Dow dããdonjie da wa leɛ ɩ la National Breweries jie a Quebec a yuohi 1920s poʋɔ, ka ba da ʋ la a yuohi 1952 poʋɔ a yi Canadian Breweries. A yi Canadian Breweries ka ba da boɔlɔ ʋ ka Carling O'Keefe ka ʋ da laŋ nɩ a Molson Breweries,..." 7255725 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dow Breweries''' ɩ la dããdonjie aŋ be Quebec, Canada pʋoɔ. A tʋma jie ŋa da ɩ la William Dow maaloo (1800–1868)<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110707233243/http://www.bieremag.com/bm-m-ma1.html</ref>. A Dow dããdonjie da wa leɛ ɩ la National Breweries jie a Quebec a yuohi 1920s poʋɔ, ka ba da ʋ la a yuohi 1952 poʋɔ a yi Canadian Breweries. A yi Canadian Breweries ka ba da boɔlɔ ʋ ka Carling O'Keefe ka ʋ da laŋ nɩ a Molson Breweries, a jie ŋa da la tona a yuohi 1997 poʋɔ. == Dakoroŋ == Dow da piili la a ɩ zannoo a kʋ a Montreal daadonjie a kʋ Thomas Dunn, naŋ da maahe a La Prairie poʋɔ a yuohi 1790 poʋɔ. Dow da wa poʋɔ la a Dunn's dããdonjie ka ʋ da leɛ wa di a tʋma jie a wagehe na a Dunn's naŋ kpi, ka William Dow & Co., da maahe ka ba boɔlɔ ʋ ka Dow Breweries.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dow_Breweries#CITEREFCoutts2010</ref> Dow Breweries da la yuohi 1920s poʋɔ a yi a National Breweries kʋ a Quebec, ka ba da ʋ meŋ a a yi Canadian Breweries (CBL) a yuohi 1952 poɔ<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dow_Breweries#CITEREFHeron2003</ref>. A CBL wederoo pʋoɔ, ba da di la Quebec tenkpoŋ dããdonzie Boswell Brewery (1843–1952)<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110706200709/http://www.inox.qc.ca/eng/eng_histoirebiere.html</ref>. CBL ʋ da ɩ la a Canadian daadonjikpoŋ ata soba ka Dow da ɩ a tenkpoŋ dããdonjie. A Quebec tenkpoŋ dããdonjie da bare a tʋma a March 31, 1966,<ref>https://bilan.usherbrooke.ca/bilan/pages/evenements/21245.html</ref> ka Dow maaloo leɛ gaa jiyuo. A nembɛrɛ lammo jie a Pierre Gendron, Dow Breweries da sage la poʋɔ ka ba maale Dow Planetarium. Ʋ da baare la a yuohi 1966 ka ʋ da ɩ tontonjie aŋ ɩ kpoŋ a Canadian Centennial poʋɔ. == Dow dãã kuu == A August 1965, neɛ aŋ gaa asibiti a Quebec tenkpoŋ pʋoɔ aŋ da wulo ka daakpeɛne la. A chuuhi a nii aŋ pare, nʋba a ta 50 da la wa a asibiti nɩ a baahʋŋ na ne ʋ ju ka nʋba 20 baahʋŋ ɩ nimijeɛ. Ba da nyɛɛ la ka baalebajaa da ɩ la daanyuuboribo ka ba maŋ nyu bɩɩ a ka ba jaa maŋ maŋ nyuuro a Dow dãã, nʋba 30 yi a daa ntuubo 200 pʋoɔ da nyɛ pɔnatere baahʋŋ ka ba kaŋa jaa maŋ nyu ka a ta (10 imp pt; 5.7 L) bebiri jaa.<ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1923396</ref> Epidemiological zanezanneba da nyɛɛ ka Dow maŋ eŋ la cobalt sulfate a dãã pʋoɔ ka a fuuri na tuo poʋɔ a yi a July 1965 ka a boma ba aŋ maŋ a Quebec tenkpoŋ dããdonjie ka maŋ ta gbɛre 10 a gaŋ a Montreal be la ka ba ba nyɛɛ baahʋŋ jaa. <ref>https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1749-6632.1969.tb16751.x</ref><ref>http://www.cbc.ca/news/health/how-quebec-beer-and-tv-s-dr-house-solved-a-medical-mystery-1.2526403</ref> Ane a jaa Dow da ba sage a yɛla ŋa, a Dow Brewery a Quebec tenkpoŋ poʋɔ da ba la tona chɛ ka a daa chɛlee na ka de te lɔɔ eŋ Saint Lawrence baa. A wagehe na a yɛla aŋ ɩ, Dow Ale ɩ la daa aŋ kɔɔrɔ paa a Quebec poʋɔ; a yi a daakɔɔhe borobiroŋ aŋ da kpɛ. Canadian Breweries da e la Carling O'Keefe a yuohi 1973 poʋɔ, ka ba da la wa de ʋ poʋɔ a Molson Brewery a yuohi 1989 pʋoɔ.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dow_Breweries#CITEREFSneath2001</ref> A '''Dow''' da ba la tona a yuohi 1997 poʋɔ. A Dow a lanne a Dow Ale, Kingsbeer Lager anɩ Black Horse Ale. A Molson Black Horse Ale da kɔɔhe la a Newfoundland poʋɔ ka a ɩ a toɔha. == Meŋ la chɛ nyɛ == * William Dow * List of microbreweries == Tarejiihi == <references responsive="1"></references> iopv537qmlqt7l3d8k7mspfhnprao0i 7255726 7255725 2026-07-19T15:27:24Z Anthony Dery 2587057 7255726 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/wlx/Databox|item=Q2924000}} '''Dow Breweries''' ɩ la dããdonjie aŋ be Quebec, Canada pʋoɔ. A tʋma jie ŋa da ɩ la William Dow maaloo (1800–1868)<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110707233243/http://www.bieremag.com/bm-m-ma1.html</ref>. A Dow dããdonjie da wa leɛ ɩ la National Breweries jie a Quebec a yuohi 1920s poʋɔ, ka ba da ʋ la a yuohi 1952 poʋɔ a yi Canadian Breweries. A yi Canadian Breweries ka ba da boɔlɔ ʋ ka Carling O'Keefe ka ʋ da laŋ nɩ a Molson Breweries, a jie ŋa da la tona a yuohi 1997 poʋɔ. == Dakoroŋ == Dow da piili la a ɩ zannoo a kʋ a Montreal daadonjie a kʋ Thomas Dunn, naŋ da maahe a La Prairie poʋɔ a yuohi 1790 poʋɔ. Dow da wa poʋɔ la a Dunn's dããdonjie ka ʋ da leɛ wa di a tʋma jie a wagehe na a Dunn's naŋ kpi, ka William Dow & Co., da maahe ka ba boɔlɔ ʋ ka Dow Breweries.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dow_Breweries#CITEREFCoutts2010</ref> Dow Breweries da la yuohi 1920s poʋɔ a yi a National Breweries kʋ a Quebec, ka ba da ʋ meŋ a a yi Canadian Breweries (CBL) a yuohi 1952 poɔ<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dow_Breweries#CITEREFHeron2003</ref>. A CBL wederoo pʋoɔ, ba da di la Quebec tenkpoŋ dããdonzie Boswell Brewery (1843–1952)<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110706200709/http://www.inox.qc.ca/eng/eng_histoirebiere.html</ref>. CBL ʋ da ɩ la a Canadian daadonjikpoŋ ata soba ka Dow da ɩ a tenkpoŋ dããdonjie. A Quebec tenkpoŋ dããdonjie da bare a tʋma a March 31, 1966,<ref>https://bilan.usherbrooke.ca/bilan/pages/evenements/21245.html</ref> ka Dow maaloo leɛ gaa jiyuo. A nembɛrɛ lammo jie a Pierre Gendron, Dow Breweries da sage la poʋɔ ka ba maale Dow Planetarium. Ʋ da baare la a yuohi 1966 ka ʋ da ɩ tontonjie aŋ ɩ kpoŋ a Canadian Centennial poʋɔ. == Dow dãã kuu == A August 1965, neɛ aŋ gaa asibiti a Quebec tenkpoŋ pʋoɔ aŋ da wulo ka daakpeɛne la. A chuuhi a nii aŋ pare, nʋba a ta 50 da la wa a asibiti nɩ a baahʋŋ na ne ʋ ju ka nʋba 20 baahʋŋ ɩ nimijeɛ. Ba da nyɛɛ la ka baalebajaa da ɩ la daanyuuboribo ka ba maŋ nyu bɩɩ a ka ba jaa maŋ maŋ nyuuro a Dow dãã, nʋba 30 yi a daa ntuubo 200 pʋoɔ da nyɛ pɔnatere baahʋŋ ka ba kaŋa jaa maŋ nyu ka a ta (10 imp pt; 5.7 L) bebiri jaa.<ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1923396</ref> Epidemiological zanezanneba da nyɛɛ ka Dow maŋ eŋ la cobalt sulfate a dãã pʋoɔ ka a fuuri na tuo poʋɔ a yi a July 1965 ka a boma ba aŋ maŋ a Quebec tenkpoŋ dããdonjie ka maŋ ta gbɛre 10 a gaŋ a Montreal be la ka ba ba nyɛɛ baahʋŋ jaa. <ref>https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1749-6632.1969.tb16751.x</ref><ref>http://www.cbc.ca/news/health/how-quebec-beer-and-tv-s-dr-house-solved-a-medical-mystery-1.2526403</ref> Ane a jaa Dow da ba sage a yɛla ŋa, a Dow Brewery a Quebec tenkpoŋ poʋɔ da ba la tona chɛ ka a daa chɛlee na ka de te lɔɔ eŋ Saint Lawrence baa. A wagehe na a yɛla aŋ ɩ, Dow Ale ɩ la daa aŋ kɔɔrɔ paa a Quebec poʋɔ; a yi a daakɔɔhe borobiroŋ aŋ da kpɛ. Canadian Breweries da e la Carling O'Keefe a yuohi 1973 poʋɔ, ka ba da la wa de ʋ poʋɔ a Molson Brewery a yuohi 1989 pʋoɔ.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dow_Breweries#CITEREFSneath2001</ref> A '''Dow''' da ba la tona a yuohi 1997 poʋɔ. A Dow a lanne a Dow Ale, Kingsbeer Lager anɩ Black Horse Ale. A Molson Black Horse Ale da kɔɔhe la a Newfoundland poʋɔ ka a ɩ a toɔha. == Meŋ la chɛ nyɛ == * William Dow * List of microbreweries == Tarejiihi == <references responsive="1"></references> [[Category:Wp/wlx]] o3xbsjrqt2fbzy4yel5kkt4pczqfp1w 0 3791574 7255736 2026-07-19T16:04:41Z Kxsteynn 2693215 bagong artikulo 7255736 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Naga City Mayor Leni Robredo.jpg|thumb]] Si '''Maria Leonor "Leni" Gerona Robredo''', namundag ko April 23, 1965. Usad na pilipinong abogada, [[estadista]] ag politisyan na nag seserbisyo nguwan bilang ika-desiotsong mayor sa [[Naga City]] puon ko 2025, na nag serbisyo man bilang ika-katorseng Vice Presidentof the Philippines puon ko 2016 hanggang 2022 ko termino ni President [[Rodrigo Duterte.]] ccftat7luqy5huy9jsa0ds1h8z0z3y2 0 3791575 7255742 2026-07-19T16:23:17Z Kxsteynn 2693215 Created page with "An '''Ako Bicol Political Party (AKB)''' usad na pulitical na organisasyon na kaiba sa [[party-list elections]] sa Pilpinas. Represante adi ka mga [[Bikolano]] ag danay na [[Bikolandia.]] Ko [[2016]] na eleksyon, AKB a nangungunang partido na agko 1,664,975 na boto, ag nagtamo nin [[3 pwesto sa kongreso]]." 7255742 wikitext text/x-wiki An '''Ako Bicol Political Party (AKB)''' usad na pulitical na organisasyon na kaiba sa [[party-list elections]] sa Pilpinas. Represante adi ka mga [[Bikolano]] ag danay na [[Bikolandia.]] Ko [[2016]] na eleksyon, AKB a nangungunang partido na agko 1,664,975 na boto, ag nagtamo nin [[3 pwesto sa kongreso]]. c08t52j7v2jeayafy6weq4nrdes21fr 7256511 7255742 2026-07-20T11:31:23Z Kxsteynn 2693215 bagong artikulo 7256511 wikitext text/x-wiki An '''Ako Bicol Political Party (AKB)''' usad na pulitical na organisasyon na kaiba sa [[party-list elections]] sa Pilpinas. Represante adi ka mga [[Bikolano]] ag danay na [[Bikolandia.]] Ko 2016 na eleksyon, AKB a nangungunang partido na agko 1,664,975 na boto, ag nagtamo nin [[3 pwesto sa kongreso]]. aabvgisdgk67k3o9pdkkerxlpaosb9c 0 3791576 7255756 2026-07-19T16:58:23Z Tolyatti 2693860 Tolyatti moved page [[Wy/su/Tepas]] to [[Wy/su/Kaca Utama]] 7255756 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Wy/su/Kaca Utama]] 43imizrk15vgjbgu1nxdgdhhfxwpz6s 0 3791577 7255758 2026-07-19T16:58:50Z Tolyatti 2693860 Tolyatti moved page [[Wb/su/Tepas]] to [[Wb/su/Kaca Utama]] 7255758 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Wb/su/Kaca Utama]] ftcli91xu1mb89abf636onqcpgd7rgg 0 3791578 7255760 2026-07-19T17:05:41Z Torresriverac 2599376 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUSHAPUNWIA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nicolas Sánchez García (TimumachtikanNawat)-mushapunwia.wav|embed|200px]] |} === Español === Enjabonarse Niu-nimushapunwia: Me voy a enjabo- nar. === English === Soaping Up Niu-nimushapunwia:I'm going to..." 7255760 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUSHAPUNWIA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nicolas Sánchez García (TimumachtikanNawat)-mushapunwia.wav|embed|200px]] |} === Español === Enjabonarse Niu-nimushapunwia: Me voy a enjabo- nar. === English === Soaping Up Niu-nimushapunwia:I'm going to soap up NOW [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Intransitivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] d779wosmkzs156uoyamrkzucrf52jqo 0 3791579 7255762 2026-07-19T17:07:22Z Torresriverac 2599376 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUSTAYUK ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Adverbio ''Grammatical Category:'' Adverb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nicolas Sánchez García (TimumachtikanNawat)-mustayuk.wav]] |} === Español === Hasta mañana; mañana de nuevo Mustayuk tamachatiani: Hasta mañana profesor. === English === See you tomorrow; tomorrow again. Mustayuk tamachatiani..." 7255762 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUSTAYUK ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Adverbio ''Grammatical Category:'' Adverb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nicolas Sánchez García (TimumachtikanNawat)-mustayuk.wav]] |} === Español === Hasta mañana; mañana de nuevo Mustayuk tamachatiani: Hasta mañana profesor. === English === See you tomorrow; tomorrow again. Mustayuk tamachatiani: See you tomorrow, professor. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Adverbio]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] mf1m0my1keam8jctbz35oyaefmbvbah 0 3791580 7255763 2026-07-19T17:08:57Z Torresriverac 2599376 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUSUSULWIA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Transitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Transitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nicolas Sánchez García (TimumachtikanNawat)-mususulwia.wav]] |} === Español === Ensuciarse (de grasa) Mususulwij nukotón: Se ensució mi camisa (con grasa). === English === To get dirty (with grease) Mususulwi..." 7255763 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUSUSULWIA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Transitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Transitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nicolas Sánchez García (TimumachtikanNawat)-mususulwia.wav]] |} === Español === Ensuciarse (de grasa) Mususulwij nukotón: Se ensució mi camisa (con grasa). === English === To get dirty (with grease) Mususulwij nukotón: My shirt got dirty (with grease). [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Transitivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] or0odj720ds1kf4tm51vlwrphzzdqi0 0 3791581 7255764 2026-07-19T17:14:46Z Torresriverac 2599376 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUSHISHA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nicolas Sánchez García (TimumachtikanNawat)-mushisha.wav]] |} === Español === Orinarse Niu-nimushisha: Voy a orinar. Timushisha tutunik: Tienes mal de orín. === English === Urinate Niu-nimushisha: I'm going..." 7255764 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUSHISHA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nicolas Sánchez García (TimumachtikanNawat)-mushisha.wav]] |} === Español === Orinarse Niu-nimushisha: Voy a orinar. Timushisha tutunik: Tienes mal de orín. === English === Urinate Niu-nimushisha: I'm going to pee. Timushisha tutunik: You have urinary infection. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Intransitivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] 5ow0awrnvhct50wk8k77rkzu50a3s1c 0 3791582 7255765 2026-07-19T17:17:09Z Torresriverac 2599376 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUTAJPIA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nicolas Sánchez García (TimumachtikanNawat)-mutajpia.wav]] |} === Español === Cuidarse Nimutajpia: Me cuido. === English === Take care of yourself Nimutajpia: I take care of myself. Category:Wt/ppl/Catego..." 7255765 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUTAJPIA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nicolas Sánchez García (TimumachtikanNawat)-mutajpia.wav]] |} === Español === Cuidarse Nimutajpia: Me cuido. === English === Take care of yourself Nimutajpia: I take care of myself. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Intransitivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] bg32t7r921722mvbho8et84yga9heu8 0 3791583 7255766 2026-07-19T17:18:37Z Torresriverac 2599376 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUSHUJSHULEWA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nicolas Sánchez García (TimumachtikanNawat)-mushujshulewa.wav]] |} === Español === Restregarse Nimushujshulewa: Me restriego. === English === Rub Nimushujshulewa: I scrub. Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Ver..." 7255766 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUSHUJSHULEWA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nicolas Sánchez García (TimumachtikanNawat)-mushujshulewa.wav]] |} === Español === Restregarse Nimushujshulewa: Me restriego. === English === Rub Nimushujshulewa: I scrub. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Intransitivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] d9p3r8136iiihgj8r0y1at8p6dusbe4 0 3791584 7255767 2026-07-19T17:19:53Z Torresriverac 2599376 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUTALIA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nicolas Sánchez García (TimumachtikanNawat)-mutalia.wav]] |} === Español === Sentarse Shimutalikan: Siéntense. === English === Feel Shimutalikan: Sit down. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Intransitivo]] C..." 7255767 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUTALIA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nicolas Sánchez García (TimumachtikanNawat)-mutalia.wav]] |} === Español === Sentarse Shimutalikan: Siéntense. === English === Feel Shimutalikan: Sit down. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Intransitivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] tsqqegliqakpr4wmvwljwxvsoej2oyl 0 3791585 7255769 2026-07-19T17:22:00Z Torresriverac 2599376 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUTAWANTIA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nicolas Sánchez García (TimumachtikanNawat)-mutawantia.wav]] |} === Español === Emborracharse (un poco) Nimutawantia: Me embriago. === English === Get drunk (a little) Nimutawantia: I get drunk. Category..." 7255769 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUTAWANTIA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nicolas Sánchez García (TimumachtikanNawat)-mutawantia.wav]] |} === Español === Emborracharse (un poco) Nimutawantia: Me embriago. === English === Get drunk (a little) Nimutawantia: I get drunk. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Intransitivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] kwzkhx2x341nk3qy291oirxzvecg3c6 0 3791586 7255770 2026-07-19T17:24:22Z 海南深情 2661224 Created page with "'''隆闺'''（黎族话拼音：ploɡkui）是古代[[Wp/hnm/海南省|海南省]]其一种[[Wp/hnm/黎族|黎族]]建筑，意思是毋灶其[[Wp/hnm/厝|厝]]，是黎族其[[Wp/hnm/阿妹|阿妹]]同[[Wp/hnm/阿哥|阿哥]]相俦[[Wp/hnm/学古|学古]]、[[Wp/hnm/奏乐|奏乐]]、[[Wp/hnm/唱歌|唱歌]]同[[Wp/hnm/拍拖|拍拖]]其地块。照黎族其传统习俗，阿妹同阿哥发育遘[[Wp/hnm/青少年|青少年]]其时候，就爱同父母分开居住。..." 7255770 wikitext text/x-wiki '''隆闺'''（黎族话拼音：ploɡkui）是古代[[Wp/hnm/海南省|海南省]]其一种[[Wp/hnm/黎族|黎族]]建筑，意思是毋灶其[[Wp/hnm/厝|厝]]，是黎族其[[Wp/hnm/阿妹|阿妹]]同[[Wp/hnm/阿哥|阿哥]]相俦[[Wp/hnm/学古|学古]]、[[Wp/hnm/奏乐|奏乐]]、[[Wp/hnm/唱歌|唱歌]]同[[Wp/hnm/拍拖|拍拖]]其地块。照黎族其传统习俗，阿妹同阿哥发育遘[[Wp/hnm/青少年|青少年]]其时候，就爱同父母分开居住。阿哥其隆闺由家己上山找材料搭建，阿妹其隆闺由父母帮忙盖，照性别分作「阿哥隆闺」同「阿妹隆闺」。 这枚建筑𪨧简易，一般用竹木作架、茅草作顶、竹篾抑是泥巴糊墙。面积𪨧细，差不多单单有八遘十平方米，门开得𪨧矮，进去必须弯腰。里向毋设隔间，单单有床铺，毋厨房。规模有大有细，大其会得住3遘5只侬，细其单单住1只侬。搬入隆闺是黎族其青少年步入成年其重要标志，阿妹入住通常同成年其纹身考验有关，阿哥入住就代表会用起头参与狩猎、祭祀这般成年公爹其活动。 这枚建筑伫海南省其历史记载多多，[[Wp/hnm/清朝|清朝]]其张庆长《[[Wp/hnm/黎岐纪闻|黎岐纪闻]]》当中记载黎族青年「唱歌择偶，不用媒妁」，指其就是伫隆闺当中自由拍拖，[[Wp/hnm/社会|社会]]对这枚习俗𪨧包容。直遘1990年代了后，随着海南省普及砖瓦房，青少年伫厝内沓沓仔有家己其房间，传统其实体隆闺建筑随之迅速减少。今旦，隆闺作为[[Wp/hnm/文化遗产|文化遗产]]其实体建筑，伫黎族聚居地抑会看遘。 [[Category:Wp/hnm]] h2vnqah4xn8d51qb9dnpp0rpjfjh4l5 0 3791587 7255771 2026-07-19T17:24:25Z Torresriverac 2599376 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUTALUA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nicolas Sánchez García (TimumachtikanNawat)-mutalua.wav]] |} [[File:DSC 9834 (41578427005).jpg|thumb|250px|(MUTALUA)]] === Español === Correr Naja nimutalua: Yo corro. === English === Run Naja nimutalua: I r..." 7255771 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUTALUA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nicolas Sánchez García (TimumachtikanNawat)-mutalua.wav]] |} [[File:DSC 9834 (41578427005).jpg|thumb|250px|(MUTALUA)]] === Español === Correr Naja nimutalua: Yo corro. === English === Run Naja nimutalua: I run. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Intransitivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] 30pqgrghcjhinqak4mrbt7fsiy962zp 0 3791588 7255772 2026-07-19T17:24:35Z 海南深情 2661224 Redirected page to [[Wp/hnm/隆闺]] 7255772 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Wp/hnm/隆闺|隆闺]] scb18x2kiedrazlqydemb6sohz94ne7 0 3791589 7255773 2026-07-19T17:24:57Z 海南深情 2661224 Created page with "'''山栏'''（黎族话拼音：ang）是[[Wp/hnm/海南省|海南省]]其一种山地旱[[Wp/hnm/稻|稻]]，大头分分布伫[[Wp/hnm/黎族|黎族]]聚居区。这枚品种适应[[Wp/hnm/热带雨林气候|热带雨林气候]]其山地、坡地同丘陵这般旱地环境，伊其耐旱性强，生长毋依靠人工灌溉，主要依靠雨季其自然降雨，阁会伫相对贫瘠其土地存活。 伊其稻穗修长，谷粒饱满，含有比较高其Wp/hnm/硒|..." 7255773 wikitext text/x-wiki '''山栏'''（黎族话拼音：ang）是[[Wp/hnm/海南省|海南省]]其一种山地旱[[Wp/hnm/稻|稻]]，大头分分布伫[[Wp/hnm/黎族|黎族]]聚居区。这枚品种适应[[Wp/hnm/热带雨林气候|热带雨林气候]]其山地、坡地同丘陵这般旱地环境，伊其耐旱性强，生长毋依靠人工灌溉，主要依靠雨季其自然降雨，阁会伫相对贫瘠其土地存活。 伊其稻穗修长，谷粒饱满，含有比较高其[[Wp/hnm/硒|硒]]、[[Wp/hnm/铁|铁]]、[[Wp/hnm/锌|锌]]这般微量元素。大头分品种其谷粒带有长芒，芒面顶密布微细锯齿，会有效减少[[Wp/hnm/鸟|鸟类]]啄食。毋同品种其山栏种子伫色彩、表皮质感同形态面顶差异显著。脱壳了后其米粒比较大，米质外观略微粗糙，但是煮熟了后口感软糯清芳。 围着山栏其种植，当地形成独特其稻作[[Wp/hnm/文化|文化]]。传统其「砍山栏」种植过程伴随着祭祀山神这般仪式，节日大头分有「山栏节」同「[[Wp/hnm/三月三|三月三]]」，节日期间，众侬会煮新米、酿新酒来欢庆丰收。伫[[Wp/hnm/料理|料理]]当中，利用山栏米酿造其山栏酒是当地特色，山栏米也定定分侬拿来制作竹筒饭、三色饭这般传统食品。 [[Category:Wp/hnm]] pdbg4weeyzqtk0crnbu1zq0r3ps7cwd 0 3791590 7255774 2026-07-19T17:25:08Z 海南深情 2661224 Redirected page to [[Wp/hnm/山栏]] 7255774 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Wp/hnm/山栏|山栏]] tw05dlx093nw63l43pwpnfwd8yvjha8 0 3791591 7255775 2026-07-19T17:26:02Z 海南深情 2661224 Created page with "'''厝'''，抑叫'''家'''、'''住所'''，是指一只属于家己其栖身空间，抑会用是同厝侬，抑就是同汝有血缘关系其侬，相俦住其地块。因为厝内通常拢会有厝侬相俦住，有父母兄弟姐妹，抑是有公婆同孧囝，所以厝抑是厝侬其代名词。这枚地块分家己温暖同舒适，有第一安全其感觉，就算离开几远几久，最尾拢希望会回去。 厝可能会拿静态其物理形式（亲像住..." 7255775 wikitext text/x-wiki '''厝'''，抑叫'''家'''、'''住所'''，是指一只属于家己其栖身空间，抑会用是同厝侬，抑就是同汝有血缘关系其侬，相俦住其地块。因为厝内通常拢会有厝侬相俦住，有父母兄弟姐妹，抑是有公婆同孧囝，所以厝抑是厝侬其代名词。这枚地块分家己温暖同舒适，有第一安全其感觉，就算离开几远几久，最尾拢希望会回去。 厝可能会拿静态其物理形式（亲像住宅抑是公寓）出现，抑可能会拿动态其物理形式（亲像船屋、拖车抑是蒙古包）出现。厝抑是侬寄托情感其中心，照《[[Wp/hnm/世界人类法益宣言|世界人类法益宣言]]》第12条，规定个人其厝毋准许毋理其侵犯。 [[Category:Wp/hnm]] jvw4k1hwr6reye59rhrf1urjyzh7gp3 0 3791592 7255777 2026-07-19T17:26:35Z 海南深情 2661224 Redirected page to [[Wp/hnm/厝]] 7255777 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Wp/hnm/厝|厝]] 95zo4qj1ciikudjxim6a6m1sotcv1dh 0 3791593 7255778 2026-07-19T17:28:54Z 海南深情 2661224 Created page with "<small>・[[File:Confusion grey.svg|20px]] 关于旅行其出行方式，请看「'''[[Wp/hnm/观光|观光]]'''」。</small> '''旅行'''是指为观赏毋同其景色、看毋同其风土人情，而遘毋同其地块参观、𨑨迌同体验，通常是离开本地，去其他地块，体验美食同参与活动，游山玩水作仙乐。 旅行一般强调[[Wp/hnm/自由|自由]]、路途同体验。但是伫[[Wp/hnm/普通话|普通话]]当中，多多侬定定..." 7255778 wikitext text/x-wiki <small>・[[File:Confusion grey.svg|20px]] 关于旅行其出行方式，请看「'''[[Wp/hnm/观光|观光]]'''」。</small> '''旅行'''是指为观赏毋同其景色、看毋同其风土人情，而遘毋同其地块参观、𨑨迌同体验，通常是离开本地，去其他地块，体验美食同参与活动，游山玩水作仙乐。 旅行一般强调[[Wp/hnm/自由|自由]]、路途同体验。但是伫[[Wp/hnm/普通话|普通话]]当中，多多侬定定拿这枚一词同「[[Wp/hnm/观光|旅游]]」混淆，其实意思有𪨧大其精差，旅游强调产业同[[Wp/hnm/景区|景区]]，意思就是从某只地块搭乘[[Wp/hnm/客车|客车]]、[[Wp/hnm/火车|火车]]、[[Wp/hnm/民航客机|民航客机]]这般[[Wp/hnm/交通工具|交通工具]]，前去先前计划好其另外一只地块，达遘终点了后前往当地景区，阁再爱借助[[Wp/hnm/旅馆|旅馆]]才会得临时住宿。 [[Category:Wp/hnm]] 8sz0ilauuea6het6ooskf983j1tds84 0 3791594 7255779 2026-07-19T17:29:22Z 海南深情 2661224 Created page with "'''荧'''是[[Wp/hnm/米哈游|米哈游]]其[[Wp/hnm/游戏|游戏]]《[[Wp/hnm/原神|原神]]》同伊衍生作品其登场角色。荧其英文名Lumine出自Luminiferous aether，翻译作「光乙太」。当中luminiferous有「发光」其意思。 故国覆灭，同哥哥相俦伫无数其世界之间漂流。遭遇陌生神明「天理维系者」其阻拦，分侬逼着同哥哥分离。沉睡五百年苏醒后，伫提瓦特漂泊，钓鱼其时候钓出落..." 7255779 wikitext text/x-wiki '''荧'''是[[Wp/hnm/米哈游|米哈游]]其[[Wp/hnm/游戏|游戏]]《[[Wp/hnm/原神|原神]]》同伊衍生作品其登场角色。荧其英文名Lumine出自Luminiferous aether，翻译作「光乙太」。当中luminiferous有「发光」其意思。 故国覆灭，同哥哥相俦伫无数其世界之间漂流。遭遇陌生神明「天理维系者」其阻拦，分侬逼着同哥哥分离。沉睡五百年苏醒后，伫提瓦特漂泊，钓鱼其时候钓出落入水当中其[[Wp/hnm/派蒙|派蒙]]，之后伫派蒙其引导下底，起头探索提瓦特大陆来寻找家己血亲其下落。而唯一其血亲就比伊先苏醒，并为反抗天理维系者加入反派组织「深渊教团」，作当口中其「殿下」同伊对立。之后，分道扬镳其二人伫璃月短暂重逢，并约定最尾伫旅途其终点见面，随后二人再度分离。伊这时就踏上游历游戏当中七国其旅程，想爱揭开一切物件其真相，搁有同家己其血亲伫点重逢。 [[Category:Wp/hnm]] ey1pyuefofimfavmbmaj9a84ixnwjkn 0 3791595 7255780 2026-07-19T17:29:37Z 海南深情 2661224 Created page with "'''派蒙'''是[[Wp/hnm/米哈游|米哈游]]其[[Wp/hnm/游戏|游戏]]《[[Wp/hnm/原神|原神]]》同伊衍生作品其登场角色，抑是游戏其看板娘、吉祥物同主角「旅行者」其向导。伊其名源自所罗门七十二柱魔神里向其「[[Wp/hnm/拜耶蒙|拜耶蒙]]」。 派蒙其外貌同精灵相似，伊其动作状态比较亲像飞来飞去其蹒跚学步其囡仔。派蒙其外观配置主要为白色同金色，衫面顶有倒置三..." 7255780 wikitext text/x-wiki '''派蒙'''是[[Wp/hnm/米哈游|米哈游]]其[[Wp/hnm/游戏|游戏]]《[[Wp/hnm/原神|原神]]》同伊衍生作品其登场角色，抑是游戏其看板娘、吉祥物同主角「旅行者」其向导。伊其名源自所罗门七十二柱魔神里向其「[[Wp/hnm/拜耶蒙|拜耶蒙]]」。 派蒙其外貌同精灵相似，伊其动作状态比较亲像飞来飞去其蹒跚学步其囡仔。派蒙其外观配置主要为白色同金色，衫面顶有倒置三角形Triquetra符号，伊左大腿穿着有特殊其长袜，而衫袖形状其设计同《原神》其汉字标志当中其汉字「神」字地块画其形状𪨧相像，这些抑象征着派蒙是游戏当中其执政官，代表游戏当中其神。角色其头面顶有发卡同带有星系图案其斗篷。Triquetra符号是整只《原神》游戏世界当中其常见符号，但是这只符号单单是派蒙其衫面顶是倒置其。 [[Category:Wp/hnm]] bwwhyqihnucqgxa0lka477htzq59x9a 0 3791596 7255781 2026-07-19T17:29:56Z 海南深情 2661224 Created page with "'''安柏'''是[[Wp/hnm/米哈游|米哈游]]其[[Wp/hnm/游戏|游戏]]《[[Wp/hnm/原神|原神]]》同伊衍生作品其登场角色，蒙德其西风骑士团所属侦察骑士。伊擅长使用「风之翼」滑翔飞行，伫当地滑翔比赛当中三次获得「飞行冠军」，伊伫玩家队伍当中时，滑翔飞行所消耗其体力会减少20% ，这些会用帮助旅行者探索游戏当中其世界。伊其服饰是专门分冒险家而设计其，伊其..." 7255781 wikitext text/x-wiki '''安柏'''是[[Wp/hnm/米哈游|米哈游]]其[[Wp/hnm/游戏|游戏]]《[[Wp/hnm/原神|原神]]》同伊衍生作品其登场角色，蒙德其西风骑士团所属侦察骑士。伊擅长使用「风之翼」滑翔飞行，伫当地滑翔比赛当中三次获得「飞行冠军」，伊伫玩家队伍当中时，滑翔飞行所消耗其体力会减少20% ，这些会用帮助旅行者探索游戏当中其世界。伊其服饰是专门分冒险家而设计其，伊其冒险家身份标志性饰物就是护目镜，角色家己其标志性饰物是红色其束成亲像兔耳其丝带，担任带领旅行者探索游戏世界「提瓦特大陆」其使者。 伊祖父是出身自璃月其佣兵统领，伫一次护送商队途中遭到魔物袭击，单单有伊一只侬成功突围，分西风骑士团所救。祖父羞于归乡，遂定居伫蒙德并拿报恩作理由加入骑士团，还在团内组建侦察骑士小队。祖父伫四年前突然离开骑士团，失去主心骨其侦察骑士小队𪨧快就分崩离析，单单有安柏留守。安柏从小从祖父手上学遘各款探险其技巧，出任侦察骑士毋久就遇到祖父离开，伫骑士团内既有轻看伊年纪其侬，也有认为伊是叛逃者后代其侬。直遘伫一次歼灭魔物其战斗当中，安柏才拿英勇其表现获得骑士团同伴其认同。 [[Category:Wp/hnm]] bh2ieenzpzd5ka5vzfiv4xiwsergg2h 0 3791597 7255782 2026-07-19T17:30:08Z 海南深情 2661224 Created page with "'''丽莎'''是[[Wp/hnm/米哈游|米哈游]]其[[Wp/hnm/游戏|游戏]]《[[Wp/hnm/原神|原神]]》同伊衍生作品其登场角色，伊是蒙德其西风骑士团所属图书管理员。平日其工作是整理图书馆藏书同保证骑士团其药剂供应。伊分侬誉为是提瓦特大陆知名学府须弥教令院其天才，然而伫探求真理其路上产生疑惑，于是离开学院回遘蒙德。虽然丽莎伫平日工作时态度显得有一些慵懒..." 7255782 wikitext text/x-wiki '''丽莎'''是[[Wp/hnm/米哈游|米哈游]]其[[Wp/hnm/游戏|游戏]]《[[Wp/hnm/原神|原神]]》同伊衍生作品其登场角色，伊是蒙德其西风骑士团所属图书管理员。平日其工作是整理图书馆藏书同保证骑士团其药剂供应。伊分侬誉为是提瓦特大陆知名学府须弥教令院其天才，然而伫探求真理其路上产生疑惑，于是离开学院回遘蒙德。虽然丽莎伫平日工作时态度显得有一些慵懒，但是伊总会完美完成相关工作。 伊就读伫提瓦特大陆第一出名其魔法学院须弥教令院，分誉为学院二百年来第一优秀其天才。伫学习时期，看到太多侬伫追逐知识付出极大代价，所以选择回去蒙德过上平静又轻松其生活。回到蒙德后，伊抑婉拒西风骑士团团长其举荐，选择当一名清闲其图书管理员。丽莎其服饰同一般印象当中其魔法师形象毋同，伊身穿华丽其紫色连衣裙，还拿家己喜欢其紫色蔷薇作饰物。 [[Category:Wp/hnm]] p89q96si8gzdczk85f47873o0fq970u 0 3791598 7255783 2026-07-19T17:30:21Z 海南深情 2661224 Created page with "'''芭芭拉'''是[[Wp/hnm/米哈游|米哈游]]其[[Wp/hnm/游戏|游戏]]《[[Wp/hnm/原神|原神]]》同伊衍生作品其登场角色，[[Wp/hnm/蒙德|蒙德]]其西风教会所属祈礼牧师，伫当地是极受欢迎其偶像。伊是西风骑士团代理团长琴其妹妹。姐姐琴其优秀分芭芭拉带来不少其压力，芭芭拉为超越姐姐不断努力。因为毋擅长战斗，于是伊变作治疗者，负责后勤其工作。某日芭芭拉从异..." 7255783 wikitext text/x-wiki '''芭芭拉'''是[[Wp/hnm/米哈游|米哈游]]其[[Wp/hnm/游戏|游戏]]《[[Wp/hnm/原神|原神]]》同伊衍生作品其登场角色，[[Wp/hnm/蒙德|蒙德]]其西风教会所属祈礼牧师，伫当地是极受欢迎其偶像。伊是西风骑士团代理团长琴其妹妹。姐姐琴其优秀分芭芭拉带来不少其压力，芭芭拉为超越姐姐不断努力。因为毋擅长战斗，于是伊变作治疗者，负责后勤其工作。某日芭芭拉从异世界其书籍当中，得知偶像这款职业，并认为偶像同伊想帮助其他侬，分其他侬带来欢欣其信念𪨧切合，于是去学习偶像其演出，并变作蒙德城小有名气其偶像。 [[Category:Wp/hnm]] qzwly10qy0fqarjza4tfnybb3a4tdv9 0 3791599 7255784 2026-07-19T17:30:25Z Torresriverac 2599376 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUTEKA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nicolas Sánchez García (TimumachtikanNawat)-muteka.wav]] |} === Español === Acostarse Niu-nimuteka: Yo me acuesto. === English === To go to be Niu-nimuteka: I go to bed. Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Intran..." 7255784 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUTEKA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nicolas Sánchez García (TimumachtikanNawat)-muteka.wav]] |} === Español === Acostarse Niu-nimuteka: Yo me acuesto. === English === To go to be Niu-nimuteka: I go to bed. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Intransitivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] rskvb8e2jrrpyecnhvz8hr1tzxdji28 0 3791600 7255785 2026-07-19T17:33:19Z Torresriverac 2599376 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" |MUTALUANI ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Subjuntivo ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nicolas Sánchez García (TimumachtikanNawat)-mutaluani.wav]] |} [[File:Explorer of the Seas corridor.jpg|thumb|250x250px|(MUTALUANI)]] === Español === Corredor Ne mutaluani: El corredor. === English === Corridor Ne mutaluani: The corridor. Category:Wt/ppl/Cat..." 7255785 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" |MUTALUANI ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Subjuntivo ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nicolas Sánchez García (TimumachtikanNawat)-mutaluani.wav]] |} [[File:Explorer of the Seas corridor.jpg|thumb|250x250px|(MUTALUANI)]] === Español === Corredor Ne mutaluani: El corredor. === English === Corridor Ne mutaluani: The corridor. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Subjuntivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] 8cd5qlcyktst46qw58elucftt9g593p 0 3791601 7255786 2026-07-19T17:34:44Z Torresriverac 2599376 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUTEKITILIA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nicolas Sánchez García (TimumachtikanNawat)-mutekitilia.wav]] |} === Español === Dedicarse a trabajar Naja nimutekitilia: Yo me dedico a trabajar. === English === Dedicate yourself to work Naja nimutekitil..." 7255786 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUTEKITILIA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nicolas Sánchez García (TimumachtikanNawat)-mutekitilia.wav]] |} === Español === Dedicarse a trabajar Naja nimutekitilia: Yo me dedico a trabajar. === English === Dedicate yourself to work Naja nimutekitilia: I dedicate myself to work. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Intransitivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] 0adlxiitfgjj4pl7aownrzd1elwwlcm 0 3791602 7255787 2026-07-19T17:36:49Z Uthman salma 2604311 /* */ Maaliye Paji paalaa 7255787 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Cod tongue''' ɩyε nenɩ nuura-buura a yi codfish ɩŋaŋ.Kyε cod ba tarɩ tongue bii basihyal tooth plate, l gmaabu maŋ ɩyε kaurɩɩ aŋ ba tarɩ nenɩ lower jaw ɩŋaŋ, a mine la a chin barbel. A yi technique, ʋ maŋ ɩyε triangular bii V-shaped cut. ns69np4o9cmvbetlrizpppeduk7c33c 7255788 7255787 2026-07-19T17:38:30Z Uthman salma 2604311 /* */ 7255788 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Cod tongue''' ɩyε nenɩ nuura-buura a yi codfish ɩŋaŋ.Kyε cod ba tarɩ tongue bii basihyal tooth plate, l gmaabu maŋ ɩyε kaurɩɩ aŋ ba tarɩ nenɩ lower jaw ɩŋaŋ, a mine la a chin barbel. A yi nu- tuma gmaabʋ, ʋ maŋ ɩyε triangular bii V-shaped cut. gflr51f42mup7md317frjcy48x0tf22 7255791 7255788 2026-07-19T17:40:06Z Uthman salma 2604311 /* */ 7255791 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Cod tongue''' ɩyε nenɩ nuura-buura a yi codfish ɩŋaŋ.Kyε cod ba tarɩ [[Wp/wlx/Tongue|tongue]] bii [[Wp/wlx/Basihyal tooth plate|basihyal tooth plate]]<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-1</ref>, Ʋ gmaabu maŋ ɩyε kaurɩɩ aŋ ba tarɩ nenɩ [[Wp/wlx/Lower jaw|lower jaw]] ɩŋaŋ, a mine la a [[Wp/wlx/Chin barbel|chin barbel]]. A yi nu- tuma gmaabʋ, ʋ maŋ ɩyε triangular bii V-shaped cut. 69p3wex4zc7wy5fsl2sn2p0xbzus8by 7255795 7255791 2026-07-19T17:41:30Z Uthman salma 2604311 /* */ 7255795 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Cod tongue''' ɩyε nenɩ nuura-buura a yi codfish ɩŋaŋ.Kyε cod ba tarɩ [[Wp/wlx/Tongue|tongue]] bii [[Wp/wlx/Basihyal tooth plate|basihyal tooth plate]]<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-1</ref>, Ʋ gmaabu maŋ ɩyε kaurɩɩ aŋ ba tarɩ nenɩ [[Wp/wlx/Lower jaw|lower jaw]] ɩŋaŋ, a mine la a [[Wp/wlx/Chin barbel|chin barbel]]. A yi nu- tuma gmaabʋ, ʋ maŋ ɩyε triangular bii V-shaped cut. == Mɩŋ kaa nyε == * Fish collar * Tongue as food == Tarejɩɩhɩ == 051oip27jiighmr8n338d57g7fio93c 7255796 7255795 2026-07-19T17:43:11Z Uthman salma 2604311 /* */ 7255796 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/wlx/Databox|item=Q25424842}} '''Cod tongue''' ɩyε nenɩ nuura-buura a yi codfish ɩŋaŋ.Kyε cod ba tarɩ [[Wp/wlx/Tongue|tongue]] bii [[Wp/wlx/Basihyal tooth plate|basihyal tooth plate]]<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-1</ref>, Ʋ gmaabu maŋ ɩyε kaurɩɩ aŋ ba tarɩ nenɩ [[Wp/wlx/Lower jaw|lower jaw]] ɩŋaŋ, a mine la a [[Wp/wlx/Chin barbel|chin barbel]]. A yi nu- tuma gmaabʋ, ʋ maŋ ɩyε triangular bii V-shaped cut. == Mɩŋ kaa nyε == * Fish collar * Tongue as food == Tarejɩɩhɩ == 6h5oqa9365ohbt41w1j4hcldulhlcfi 7255799 7255796 2026-07-19T17:51:04Z Uthman salma 2604311 /* */ Paahiye seuri 7255799 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/wlx/Databox|item=Q25424842}} '''Cod tongue''' ɩyε nenɩ nuura-buura a yi codfish ɩŋaŋ.Kyε cod ba tarɩ [[Wp/wlx/Tongue|tongue]] bii [[Wp/wlx/Basihyal tooth plate|basihyal tooth plate]]<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-1</ref>, Ʋ gmaabu maŋ ɩyε kaurɩɩ aŋ ba tarɩ nenɩ [[Wp/wlx/Lower jaw|lower jaw]] ɩŋaŋ, a mine la a [[Wp/wlx/Chin barbel|chin barbel]]. A yi nu- tuma gmaabʋ, ʋ maŋ ɩyε triangular bii V-shaped cut. Cod tongue ɩyε aŋ bɩ cod fishery yiyε mine: Basque paalʋʋ puoŋ; off the Grand Banks Fishery aŋ bɩ Newfoundland, Canada; Iceland; Northern Norway, jie cod tongue chɩεhɩbu aŋ maŋ yi a paalʋʋ baabalɩpa a jɩma nyogɩbʋ wɔgrɩ; anɩŋ Portugal. Ʋ da sɩɩŋ korεε bam maŋ maalɩ kyε dɩ a jɩɩhɩ ŋa mine, France anɩŋ both coasts aŋ bɩ United States. == Mɩŋ kaa nyε == * Fish collar * Tongue as food == Tarejɩɩhɩ == dv3exh0zsm4ib4ikdjrl76tz1rmuq7s 7255800 7255799 2026-07-19T17:58:38Z Uthman salma 2604311 /* */ 7255800 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/wlx/Databox|item=Q25424842}} '''Cod tongue''' ɩyε nenɩ nuura-buura a yi codfish ɩŋaŋ.Kyε cod ba tarɩ [[Wp/wlx/Tongue|tongue]] bii [[Wp/wlx/Basihyal tooth plate|basihyal tooth plate]]<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-1</ref>, Ʋ gmaabu maŋ ɩyε kaurɩɩ aŋ ba tarɩ nenɩ [[Wp/wlx/Lower jaw|lower jaw]] ɩŋaŋ, a mine la a [[Wp/wlx/Chin barbel|chin barbel]]. A yi nu- tuma gmaabʋ, ʋ maŋ ɩyε triangular bii V-shaped cut. Cod tongue ɩyε aŋ bɩ cod fishery yiyε mine: Basque paalʋʋ puoŋ; off the Grand Banks Fishery aŋ bɩ Newfoundland, Canada; Iceland; Northern Norway, jie cod tongue chɩεhɩbu aŋ maŋ yi a paalʋʋ baabalɩpa a jɩma nyogɩbʋ wɔgrɩ; anɩŋ Portugal. Ʋ da sɩɩŋ korεε bam maŋ maalɩ kyε dɩ a jɩɩhɩ ŋa mine, France anɩŋ both coasts aŋ bɩ United States. == Bigɩhɩbu anɩŋ maalɩbu == Nɩmbitoorɩ duohon: Cod fisheries Cod tongues tɩɩɩʋ ɩyε 30–40 grams(1.1-1.4oz) ; {{convert|1000|kg}} of gutted cod yields ~ of tongue. A lower jaw worεε ɩyε chewy a maahɩ nɩŋ cod fillet, ʋ maŋ yɩnɩŋ wa scallop bii filet mignon; a chin barbel ɩyε gelatinous ʋ bεrɩhʋŋ ɩŋaŋ. == Mɩŋ kaa nyε == * Fish collar * Tongue as food == Tarejɩɩhɩ == ja1imcen5d5d7he2zrmjovnvx2dfnfv 7255801 7255800 2026-07-19T18:01:19Z Uthman salma 2604311 /* Bigɩhɩbu anɩŋ maalɩbu */ 7255801 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/wlx/Databox|item=Q25424842}} '''Cod tongue''' ɩyε nenɩ nuura-buura a yi codfish ɩŋaŋ.Kyε cod ba tarɩ [[Wp/wlx/Tongue|tongue]] bii [[Wp/wlx/Basihyal tooth plate|basihyal tooth plate]]<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-1</ref>, Ʋ gmaabu maŋ ɩyε kaurɩɩ aŋ ba tarɩ nenɩ [[Wp/wlx/Lower jaw|lower jaw]] ɩŋaŋ, a mine la a [[Wp/wlx/Chin barbel|chin barbel]]. A yi nu- tuma gmaabʋ, ʋ maŋ ɩyε triangular bii V-shaped cut. Cod tongue ɩyε aŋ bɩ cod fishery yiyε mine: Basque paalʋʋ puoŋ; off the Grand Banks Fishery aŋ bɩ Newfoundland, Canada; Iceland; Northern Norway, jie cod tongue chɩεhɩbu aŋ maŋ yi a paalʋʋ baabalɩpa a jɩma nyogɩbʋ wɔgrɩ; anɩŋ Portugal. Ʋ da sɩɩŋ korεε bam maŋ maalɩ kyε dɩ a jɩɩhɩ ŋa mine, France anɩŋ both coasts aŋ bɩ United States. == Bigɩhɩbu anɩŋ maalɩbu == Nɩmbitoorɩ duohon: Cod fisheries Cod tongues tɩɩɩʋ ɩyε 30–40 grams(1.1-1.4oz) 1,000 kilograms ; (2,200 Ib) of gutted cod yields ~ of tongue. A lower jaw worεε ɩyε chewy a maahɩ nɩŋ cod fillet, ʋ maŋ yɩnɩŋ wa scallop bii filet mignon; a chin barbel ɩyε gelatinous ʋ bεrɩhʋŋ ɩŋaŋ. == Mɩŋ kaa nyε == * Fish collar * Tongue as food == Tarejɩɩhɩ == tmkk3f0stw2l397iu029f8f7vnwyy99 7255802 7255801 2026-07-19T18:01:59Z Uthman salma 2604311 /* Bigɩhɩbu anɩŋ maalɩbu */ 7255802 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/wlx/Databox|item=Q25424842}} '''Cod tongue''' ɩyε nenɩ nuura-buura a yi codfish ɩŋaŋ.Kyε cod ba tarɩ [[Wp/wlx/Tongue|tongue]] bii [[Wp/wlx/Basihyal tooth plate|basihyal tooth plate]]<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-1</ref>, Ʋ gmaabu maŋ ɩyε kaurɩɩ aŋ ba tarɩ nenɩ [[Wp/wlx/Lower jaw|lower jaw]] ɩŋaŋ, a mine la a [[Wp/wlx/Chin barbel|chin barbel]]. A yi nu- tuma gmaabʋ, ʋ maŋ ɩyε triangular bii V-shaped cut. Cod tongue ɩyε aŋ bɩ cod fishery yiyε mine: Basque paalʋʋ puoŋ; off the Grand Banks Fishery aŋ bɩ Newfoundland, Canada; Iceland; Northern Norway, jie cod tongue chɩεhɩbu aŋ maŋ yi a paalʋʋ baabalɩpa a jɩma nyogɩbʋ wɔgrɩ; anɩŋ Portugal. Ʋ da sɩɩŋ korεε bam maŋ maalɩ kyε dɩ a jɩɩhɩ ŋa mine, France anɩŋ both coasts aŋ bɩ United States. == Bigɩhɩbu anɩŋ maalɩbu == Nɩmbitoorɩ duohon: Cod fisheries Cod tongues tɩɩɩʋ ɩyε 30–40 grams(1.1-1.4oz) 1,000 kilograms ; (2,200 Ib) of gutted cod yields ~ of tongue<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-NRK-2</ref>. A lower jaw worεε ɩyε chewy a maahɩ nɩŋ cod fillet, ʋ maŋ yɩnɩŋ wa scallop bii filet mignon; a chin barbel ɩyε gelatinous ʋ bεrɩhʋŋ ɩŋaŋ. == Mɩŋ kaa nyε == * Fish collar * Tongue as food == Tarejɩɩhɩ == fmz1hdi1htzkx84u5qujrjrd0ltk9lq 7255805 7255802 2026-07-19T18:03:19Z Uthman salma 2604311 /* Bigɩhɩbu anɩŋ maalɩbu */ 7255805 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/wlx/Databox|item=Q25424842}} '''Cod tongue''' ɩyε nenɩ nuura-buura a yi codfish ɩŋaŋ.Kyε cod ba tarɩ [[Wp/wlx/Tongue|tongue]] bii [[Wp/wlx/Basihyal tooth plate|basihyal tooth plate]]<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-1</ref>, Ʋ gmaabu maŋ ɩyε kaurɩɩ aŋ ba tarɩ nenɩ [[Wp/wlx/Lower jaw|lower jaw]] ɩŋaŋ, a mine la a [[Wp/wlx/Chin barbel|chin barbel]]. A yi nu- tuma gmaabʋ, ʋ maŋ ɩyε triangular bii V-shaped cut. Cod tongue ɩyε aŋ bɩ cod fishery yiyε mine: Basque paalʋʋ puoŋ; off the Grand Banks Fishery aŋ bɩ Newfoundland, Canada; Iceland; Northern Norway, jie cod tongue chɩεhɩbu aŋ maŋ yi a paalʋʋ baabalɩpa a jɩma nyogɩbʋ wɔgrɩ; anɩŋ Portugal. Ʋ da sɩɩŋ korεε bam maŋ maalɩ kyε dɩ a jɩɩhɩ ŋa mine, France anɩŋ both coasts aŋ bɩ United States. == Bigɩhɩbu anɩŋ maalɩbu == Nɩmbitoorɩ duohon: Cod fisheries Cod tongues tɩɩɩʋ ɩyε 30–40 grams(1.1-1.4oz) 1,000 kilograms ; (2,200 Ib) of gutted cod yields ~ of tongue<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-NRK-2</ref>. A lower jaw worεε ɩyε chewy a maahɩ nɩŋ cod fillet, ʋ maŋ yɩnɩŋ wa scallop bii filet mignon; a chin barbel ɩyε gelatinous ʋ bεrɩhʋŋ ɩŋaŋ.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-FR-3</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-Smithsonian-4</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-ME-5</ref> == Mɩŋ kaa nyε == * Fish collar * Tongue as food == Tarejɩɩhɩ == 0ddp67krpjj3fz8l6sh5ijq64oo8n99 7255807 7255805 2026-07-19T18:15:26Z Uthman salma 2604311 /* Bigɩhɩbu anɩŋ maalɩbu */ 7255807 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/wlx/Databox|item=Q25424842}} '''Cod tongue''' ɩyε nenɩ nuura-buura a yi codfish ɩŋaŋ.Kyε cod ba tarɩ [[Wp/wlx/Tongue|tongue]] bii [[Wp/wlx/Basihyal tooth plate|basihyal tooth plate]]<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-1</ref>, Ʋ gmaabu maŋ ɩyε kaurɩɩ aŋ ba tarɩ nenɩ [[Wp/wlx/Lower jaw|lower jaw]] ɩŋaŋ, a mine la a [[Wp/wlx/Chin barbel|chin barbel]]. A yi nu- tuma gmaabʋ, ʋ maŋ ɩyε triangular bii V-shaped cut. Cod tongue ɩyε aŋ bɩ cod fishery yiyε mine: Basque paalʋʋ puoŋ; off the Grand Banks Fishery aŋ bɩ Newfoundland, Canada; Iceland; Northern Norway, jie cod tongue chɩεhɩbu aŋ maŋ yi a paalʋʋ baabalɩpa a jɩma nyogɩbʋ wɔgrɩ; anɩŋ Portugal. Ʋ da sɩɩŋ korεε bam maŋ maalɩ kyε dɩ a jɩɩhɩ ŋa mine, France anɩŋ both coasts aŋ bɩ United States. == Bigɩhɩbu anɩŋ maalɩbu == Nɩmbitoorɩ duohon: Cod fisheries Cod tongues tɩɩɩʋ ɩyε 30–40 grams(1.1-1.4oz) 1,000 kilograms ; (2,200 Ib) of gutted cod yields ~ of tongue<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-NRK-2</ref>. A lower jaw worεε ɩyε chewy a maahɩ nɩŋ cod fillet, ʋ maŋ yɩnɩŋ wa scallop bii filet mignon; a chin barbel ɩyε gelatinous ʋ bεrɩhʋŋ ɩŋaŋ.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-FR-3</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-Smithsonian-4</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-ME-5</ref> == North America == === Canada === Further information: Grand Banks of Newfoundland Atlantic cod da ɩyε fɔrɔ export good a yi Newfoundland a yi puorɩ 15th century. Cod tongue da ɩyε byproduct yi jɩma maalɩbu jɩɩhɩ, . A Atlantic northwest cod fishery lεεbu puorɩŋ anɩŋ an industrial cod fishing karɩbu a yɩ 1992 a gaa 2024, cod tongue lεʋyε bʋŋ culinary tourism. Newfoundland cod tongue ɩyε lasɩrɩ dredged bam maŋ chɩɩŋ nɩŋ dobaa kpããŋ a nɩŋ scrunchions<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-33</ref>. == Mɩŋ kaa nyε == * Fish collar * Tongue as food == Tarejɩɩhɩ == 3ds4oxfcpyzd4o28fuoxoasx968pyrk 7255808 7255807 2026-07-19T18:20:38Z Uthman salma 2604311 /* Canada */ 7255808 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/wlx/Databox|item=Q25424842}} '''Cod tongue''' ɩyε nenɩ nuura-buura a yi codfish ɩŋaŋ.Kyε cod ba tarɩ [[Wp/wlx/Tongue|tongue]] bii [[Wp/wlx/Basihyal tooth plate|basihyal tooth plate]]<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-1</ref>, Ʋ gmaabu maŋ ɩyε kaurɩɩ aŋ ba tarɩ nenɩ [[Wp/wlx/Lower jaw|lower jaw]] ɩŋaŋ, a mine la a [[Wp/wlx/Chin barbel|chin barbel]]. A yi nu- tuma gmaabʋ, ʋ maŋ ɩyε triangular bii V-shaped cut. Cod tongue ɩyε aŋ bɩ cod fishery yiyε mine: Basque paalʋʋ puoŋ; off the Grand Banks Fishery aŋ bɩ Newfoundland, Canada; Iceland; Northern Norway, jie cod tongue chɩεhɩbu aŋ maŋ yi a paalʋʋ baabalɩpa a jɩma nyogɩbʋ wɔgrɩ; anɩŋ Portugal. Ʋ da sɩɩŋ korεε bam maŋ maalɩ kyε dɩ a jɩɩhɩ ŋa mine, France anɩŋ both coasts aŋ bɩ United States. == Bigɩhɩbu anɩŋ maalɩbu == Nɩmbitoorɩ duohon: Cod fisheries Cod tongues tɩɩɩʋ ɩyε 30–40 grams(1.1-1.4oz) 1,000 kilograms ; (2,200 Ib) of gutted cod yields ~ of tongue<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-NRK-2</ref>. A lower jaw worεε ɩyε chewy a maahɩ nɩŋ cod fillet, ʋ maŋ yɩnɩŋ wa scallop bii filet mignon; a chin barbel ɩyε gelatinous ʋ bεrɩhʋŋ ɩŋaŋ.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-FR-3</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-Smithsonian-4</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-ME-5</ref> == North America == === Canada === Further information: Grand Banks of Newfoundland Atlantic cod da ɩyε fɔrɔ export good a yi Newfoundland a yi puorɩ 15th century. Cod tongue da ɩyε byproduct yi jɩma maalɩbu jɩɩhɩ, . A Atlantic northwest cod fishery lεεbu puorɩŋ anɩŋ an industrial cod fishing karɩbu a yɩ 1992 a gaa 2024, cod tongue lεʋyε bʋŋ culinary tourism. Newfoundland cod tongue ɩyε lasɩrɩ dredged bam maŋ chɩɩŋ nɩŋ dobaa kpããŋ a nɩŋ scrunchions<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-33</ref>. Lasɩrɩhʋŋ puoŋ, salted cod tongue maalɩbu maŋ yi-yε French Canadian fishermen aŋ bɩ Breton Island (Île-Royale) a fɔrɔ 18th century puoŋ<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-34</ref>. Cod tongue ({{langx|fr|langue de morue}})ɩyε sɩɩmaa aŋ bɩ a Gaspé Peninsula, siimaa diibʋ jie anɩŋ dεʋ sɩɩmaa<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-34</ref>. == Mɩŋ kaa nyε == * Fish collar * Tongue as food == Tarejɩɩhɩ == dxjx1mn5un2sw5i5wsddw6ts9ynuyyr 7255809 7255808 2026-07-19T18:30:18Z Uthman salma 2604311 /* Bigɩhɩbu anɩŋ maalɩbu */ Paahiye seuri 7255809 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/wlx/Databox|item=Q25424842}} '''Cod tongue''' ɩyε nenɩ nuura-buura a yi codfish ɩŋaŋ.Kyε cod ba tarɩ [[Wp/wlx/Tongue|tongue]] bii [[Wp/wlx/Basihyal tooth plate|basihyal tooth plate]]<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-1</ref>, Ʋ gmaabu maŋ ɩyε kaurɩɩ aŋ ba tarɩ nenɩ [[Wp/wlx/Lower jaw|lower jaw]] ɩŋaŋ, a mine la a [[Wp/wlx/Chin barbel|chin barbel]]. A yi nu- tuma gmaabʋ, ʋ maŋ ɩyε triangular bii V-shaped cut. Cod tongue ɩyε aŋ bɩ cod fishery yiyε mine: Basque paalʋʋ puoŋ; off the Grand Banks Fishery aŋ bɩ Newfoundland, Canada; Iceland; Northern Norway, jie cod tongue chɩεhɩbu aŋ maŋ yi a paalʋʋ baabalɩpa a jɩma nyogɩbʋ wɔgrɩ; anɩŋ Portugal. Ʋ da sɩɩŋ korεε bam maŋ maalɩ kyε dɩ a jɩɩhɩ ŋa mine, France anɩŋ both coasts aŋ bɩ United States. == Bigɩhɩbu anɩŋ maalɩbu == Nɩmbitoorɩ duohon: Cod fisheries Cod tongues tɩɩɩʋ ɩyε 30–40 grams(1.1-1.4oz) 1,000 kilograms ; (2,200 Ib) of gutted cod yields ~ of tongue<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-NRK-2</ref>. A lower jaw worεε ɩyε chewy a maahɩ nɩŋ cod fillet, ʋ maŋ yɩnɩŋ wa scallop bii filet mignon; a chin barbel ɩyε gelatinous ʋ bεrɩhʋŋ ɩŋaŋ.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-FR-3</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-Smithsonian-4</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-ME-5</ref> == Europe == A European paalɩ jεmaa puoŋ ' jɩma maalɩbu jɩɩhɩ aŋ bɩ cod fisheries, bam maŋ gmaa a cod tongue bɩla ka jɩŋ-nyogɩhɩba maŋ dɩ nyogɩ ba haul. Icelandic, French anɩŋ Faroese crews lasɩrɩhuŋ puoŋ bɩla ba maŋ bɩŋ cod tongue box ({{langx|fo|lippukassan}}) ka ba nyogɩ ba jɩma gborɩ.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-Joenson-9</ref> == North America == === Canada === Further information: Grand Banks of Newfoundland Atlantic cod da ɩyε fɔrɔ export good a yi Newfoundland a yi puorɩ 15th century. Cod tongue da ɩyε byproduct yi jɩma maalɩbu jɩɩhɩ, . A Atlantic northwest cod fishery lεεbu puorɩŋ anɩŋ an industrial cod fishing karɩbu a yɩ 1992 a gaa 2024, cod tongue lεʋyε bʋŋ culinary tourism. Newfoundland cod tongue ɩyε lasɩrɩ dredged bam maŋ chɩɩŋ nɩŋ dobaa kpããŋ a nɩŋ scrunchions<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-33</ref>. Lasɩrɩhʋŋ puoŋ, salted cod tongue maalɩbu maŋ yi-yε French Canadian fishermen aŋ bɩ Breton Island (Île-Royale) a fɔrɔ 18th century puoŋ<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-34</ref>. Cod tongue ({{langx|fr|langue de morue}})ɩyε sɩɩmaa aŋ bɩ a Gaspé Peninsula, siimaa diibʋ jie anɩŋ dεʋ sɩɩmaa<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-34</ref>. == Mɩŋ kaa nyε == * Fish collar * Tongue as food == Tarejɩɩhɩ == tudaadywi7zcrqjp7kgav2dvjqjy7md 7255810 7255809 2026-07-19T18:30:55Z Uthman salma 2604311 /* Europe */ 7255810 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/wlx/Databox|item=Q25424842}} '''Cod tongue''' ɩyε nenɩ nuura-buura a yi codfish ɩŋaŋ.Kyε cod ba tarɩ [[Wp/wlx/Tongue|tongue]] bii [[Wp/wlx/Basihyal tooth plate|basihyal tooth plate]]<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-1</ref>, Ʋ gmaabu maŋ ɩyε kaurɩɩ aŋ ba tarɩ nenɩ [[Wp/wlx/Lower jaw|lower jaw]] ɩŋaŋ, a mine la a [[Wp/wlx/Chin barbel|chin barbel]]. A yi nu- tuma gmaabʋ, ʋ maŋ ɩyε triangular bii V-shaped cut. Cod tongue ɩyε aŋ bɩ cod fishery yiyε mine: Basque paalʋʋ puoŋ; off the Grand Banks Fishery aŋ bɩ Newfoundland, Canada; Iceland; Northern Norway, jie cod tongue chɩεhɩbu aŋ maŋ yi a paalʋʋ baabalɩpa a jɩma nyogɩbʋ wɔgrɩ; anɩŋ Portugal. Ʋ da sɩɩŋ korεε bam maŋ maalɩ kyε dɩ a jɩɩhɩ ŋa mine, France anɩŋ both coasts aŋ bɩ United States. == Bigɩhɩbu anɩŋ maalɩbu == Nɩmbitoorɩ duohon: Cod fisheries Cod tongues tɩɩɩʋ ɩyε 30–40 grams(1.1-1.4oz) 1,000 kilograms ; (2,200 Ib) of gutted cod yields ~ of tongue<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-NRK-2</ref>. A lower jaw worεε ɩyε chewy a maahɩ nɩŋ cod fillet, ʋ maŋ yɩnɩŋ wa scallop bii filet mignon; a chin barbel ɩyε gelatinous ʋ bεrɩhʋŋ ɩŋaŋ.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-FR-3</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-Smithsonian-4</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-ME-5</ref> == Europe == A European paalɩ jεmaa puoŋ ' jɩma maalɩbu jɩɩhɩ aŋ bɩ cod fisheries, bam maŋ gmaayε a cod tongue bɩla ka jɩŋ-nyogɩhɩba maŋ dɩ nyogɩ ba haul. Icelandic, French anɩŋ Faroese crews lasɩrɩhuŋ puoŋ bɩla ba maŋ bɩŋ cod tongue box ({{langx|fo|lippukassan}}) ka ba nyogɩ ba jɩma gborɩ.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-Joenson-9</ref> == North America == === Canada === Further information: Grand Banks of Newfoundland Atlantic cod da ɩyε fɔrɔ export good a yi Newfoundland a yi puorɩ 15th century. Cod tongue da ɩyε byproduct yi jɩma maalɩbu jɩɩhɩ, . A Atlantic northwest cod fishery lεεbu puorɩŋ anɩŋ an industrial cod fishing karɩbu a yɩ 1992 a gaa 2024, cod tongue lεʋyε bʋŋ culinary tourism. Newfoundland cod tongue ɩyε lasɩrɩ dredged bam maŋ chɩɩŋ nɩŋ dobaa kpããŋ a nɩŋ scrunchions<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-33</ref>. Lasɩrɩhʋŋ puoŋ, salted cod tongue maalɩbu maŋ yi-yε French Canadian fishermen aŋ bɩ Breton Island (Île-Royale) a fɔrɔ 18th century puoŋ<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-34</ref>. Cod tongue ({{langx|fr|langue de morue}})ɩyε sɩɩmaa aŋ bɩ a Gaspé Peninsula, siimaa diibʋ jie anɩŋ dεʋ sɩɩmaa<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-34</ref>. == Mɩŋ kaa nyε == * Fish collar * Tongue as food == Tarejɩɩhɩ == jjhwuk2hx3m1ssuiarg6eet83kpw3pg 7255817 7255810 2026-07-19T18:35:13Z Uthman salma 2604311 /* Europe */ Paahiye seuri 7255817 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/wlx/Databox|item=Q25424842}} '''Cod tongue''' ɩyε nenɩ nuura-buura a yi codfish ɩŋaŋ.Kyε cod ba tarɩ [[Wp/wlx/Tongue|tongue]] bii [[Wp/wlx/Basihyal tooth plate|basihyal tooth plate]]<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-1</ref>, Ʋ gmaabu maŋ ɩyε kaurɩɩ aŋ ba tarɩ nenɩ [[Wp/wlx/Lower jaw|lower jaw]] ɩŋaŋ, a mine la a [[Wp/wlx/Chin barbel|chin barbel]]. A yi nu- tuma gmaabʋ, ʋ maŋ ɩyε triangular bii V-shaped cut. Cod tongue ɩyε aŋ bɩ cod fishery yiyε mine: Basque paalʋʋ puoŋ; off the Grand Banks Fishery aŋ bɩ Newfoundland, Canada; Iceland; Northern Norway, jie cod tongue chɩεhɩbu aŋ maŋ yi a paalʋʋ baabalɩpa a jɩma nyogɩbʋ wɔgrɩ; anɩŋ Portugal. Ʋ da sɩɩŋ korεε bam maŋ maalɩ kyε dɩ a jɩɩhɩ ŋa mine, France anɩŋ both coasts aŋ bɩ United States. == Bigɩhɩbu anɩŋ maalɩbu == Nɩmbitoorɩ duohon: Cod fisheries Cod tongues tɩɩɩʋ ɩyε 30–40 grams(1.1-1.4oz) 1,000 kilograms ; (2,200 Ib) of gutted cod yields ~ of tongue<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-NRK-2</ref>. A lower jaw worεε ɩyε chewy a maahɩ nɩŋ cod fillet, ʋ maŋ yɩnɩŋ wa scallop bii filet mignon; a chin barbel ɩyε gelatinous ʋ bεrɩhʋŋ ɩŋaŋ.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-FR-3</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-Smithsonian-4</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-ME-5</ref> == Europe == A European paalɩ jεmaa puoŋ ' jɩma maalɩbu jɩɩhɩ aŋ bɩ cod fisheries, bam maŋ gmaayε a cod tongue bɩla ka jɩŋ-nyogɩhɩba maŋ dɩ nyogɩ ba haul. Icelandic, French anɩŋ Faroese crews lasɩrɩhuŋ puoŋ bɩla ba maŋ bɩŋ cod tongue box ({{langx|fo|lippukassan}}) ka ba nyogɩ ba jɩma gborɩ.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-Joenson-9</ref> === Iberia === [[//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Kokotxas_al_pilpil,_Bilbao_(33097477025).jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Kokotxas_al_pilpil,_Bilbao_(33097477025).jpg|thumb|{{lang|eu|Kokotxas [[Bacalao al pil pil|al pil pil]]}} in green sauce]] A Basque Country, cod tongue ({{langx|eu|kokotxa}}{{efn|also {{lang|eu|kokotz, kokots, kokoz, kolaspe}}<ref name=Kokotxa1/>}}, {{langx|es|cococha}}, {{literal translation|chin}};Biscayan: {{lang|eu|bizar/bidar}}, {{literal translation|beard}}) ba da dɩɩraa a 18th century wɔgrɩ, ka a naŋ wa gaa Bilbao a yi Portugal da maalɩ yiyε royal proclamation a 1797 puoŋ. == North America == === Canada === Further information: Grand Banks of Newfoundland Atlantic cod da ɩyε fɔrɔ export good a yi Newfoundland a yi puorɩ 15th century. Cod tongue da ɩyε byproduct yi jɩma maalɩbu jɩɩhɩ, . A Atlantic northwest cod fishery lεεbu puorɩŋ anɩŋ an industrial cod fishing karɩbu a yɩ 1992 a gaa 2024, cod tongue lεʋyε bʋŋ culinary tourism. Newfoundland cod tongue ɩyε lasɩrɩ dredged bam maŋ chɩɩŋ nɩŋ dobaa kpããŋ a nɩŋ scrunchions<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-33</ref>. Lasɩrɩhʋŋ puoŋ, salted cod tongue maalɩbu maŋ yi-yε French Canadian fishermen aŋ bɩ Breton Island (Île-Royale) a fɔrɔ 18th century puoŋ<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-34</ref>. Cod tongue ({{langx|fr|langue de morue}})ɩyε sɩɩmaa aŋ bɩ a Gaspé Peninsula, siimaa diibʋ jie anɩŋ dεʋ sɩɩmaa<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-34</ref>. == Mɩŋ kaa nyε == * Fish collar * Tongue as food == Tarejɩɩhɩ == 502w5zxf5a5r3aqsq3pxbd52i88kzb9 7255819 7255817 2026-07-19T18:35:38Z Uthman salma 2604311 /* Iberia */ 7255819 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/wlx/Databox|item=Q25424842}} '''Cod tongue''' ɩyε nenɩ nuura-buura a yi codfish ɩŋaŋ.Kyε cod ba tarɩ [[Wp/wlx/Tongue|tongue]] bii [[Wp/wlx/Basihyal tooth plate|basihyal tooth plate]]<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-1</ref>, Ʋ gmaabu maŋ ɩyε kaurɩɩ aŋ ba tarɩ nenɩ [[Wp/wlx/Lower jaw|lower jaw]] ɩŋaŋ, a mine la a [[Wp/wlx/Chin barbel|chin barbel]]. A yi nu- tuma gmaabʋ, ʋ maŋ ɩyε triangular bii V-shaped cut. Cod tongue ɩyε aŋ bɩ cod fishery yiyε mine: Basque paalʋʋ puoŋ; off the Grand Banks Fishery aŋ bɩ Newfoundland, Canada; Iceland; Northern Norway, jie cod tongue chɩεhɩbu aŋ maŋ yi a paalʋʋ baabalɩpa a jɩma nyogɩbʋ wɔgrɩ; anɩŋ Portugal. Ʋ da sɩɩŋ korεε bam maŋ maalɩ kyε dɩ a jɩɩhɩ ŋa mine, France anɩŋ both coasts aŋ bɩ United States. == Bigɩhɩbu anɩŋ maalɩbu == Nɩmbitoorɩ duohon: Cod fisheries Cod tongues tɩɩɩʋ ɩyε 30–40 grams(1.1-1.4oz) 1,000 kilograms ; (2,200 Ib) of gutted cod yields ~ of tongue<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-NRK-2</ref>. A lower jaw worεε ɩyε chewy a maahɩ nɩŋ cod fillet, ʋ maŋ yɩnɩŋ wa scallop bii filet mignon; a chin barbel ɩyε gelatinous ʋ bεrɩhʋŋ ɩŋaŋ.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-FR-3</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-Smithsonian-4</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-ME-5</ref> == Europe == A European paalɩ jεmaa puoŋ ' jɩma maalɩbu jɩɩhɩ aŋ bɩ cod fisheries, bam maŋ gmaayε a cod tongue bɩla ka jɩŋ-nyogɩhɩba maŋ dɩ nyogɩ ba haul. Icelandic, French anɩŋ Faroese crews lasɩrɩhuŋ puoŋ bɩla ba maŋ bɩŋ cod tongue box ({{langx|fo|lippukassan}}) ka ba nyogɩ ba jɩma gborɩ.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-Joenson-9</ref> === Iberia === A Basque Country, cod tongue ({{langx|eu|kokotxa}}{{efn|also {{lang|eu|kokotz, kokots, kokoz, kolaspe}}<ref name=Kokotxa1/>}}, {{langx|es|cococha}}, {{literal translation|chin}};Biscayan: {{lang|eu|bizar/bidar}}, {{literal translation|beard}}) ba da dɩɩraa a 18th century wɔgrɩ, ka a naŋ wa gaa Bilbao a yi Portugal da maalɩ yiyε royal proclamation a 1797 puoŋ. == North America == === Canada === Further information: Grand Banks of Newfoundland Atlantic cod da ɩyε fɔrɔ export good a yi Newfoundland a yi puorɩ 15th century. Cod tongue da ɩyε byproduct yi jɩma maalɩbu jɩɩhɩ, . A Atlantic northwest cod fishery lεεbu puorɩŋ anɩŋ an industrial cod fishing karɩbu a yɩ 1992 a gaa 2024, cod tongue lεʋyε bʋŋ culinary tourism. Newfoundland cod tongue ɩyε lasɩrɩ dredged bam maŋ chɩɩŋ nɩŋ dobaa kpããŋ a nɩŋ scrunchions<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-33</ref>. Lasɩrɩhʋŋ puoŋ, salted cod tongue maalɩbu maŋ yi-yε French Canadian fishermen aŋ bɩ Breton Island (Île-Royale) a fɔrɔ 18th century puoŋ<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-34</ref>. Cod tongue ({{langx|fr|langue de morue}})ɩyε sɩɩmaa aŋ bɩ a Gaspé Peninsula, siimaa diibʋ jie anɩŋ dεʋ sɩɩmaa<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod_tongue#cite_note-34</ref>. == Mɩŋ kaa nyε == * Fish collar * Tongue as food == Tarejɩɩhɩ == 1ovu7o91yvn7ufn44fejnktldvc2bnp 0 3791603 7255789 2026-07-19T17:38:55Z Torresriverac 2599376 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUTEMAKA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nicolas Sánchez García (TimumachtikanNawat)-mutemaka.wav]] |} === Español === Dejarse (hacer algo) Nimutemakak ma nechshijshikuj Juan: Dejé que Juan me engañara. Ma ́ shuchimutemaka senpa: No te dejes otra..." 7255789 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUTEMAKA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nicolas Sánchez García (TimumachtikanNawat)-mutemaka.wav]] |} === Español === Dejarse (hacer algo) Nimutemakak ma nechshijshikuj Juan: Dejé que Juan me engañara. Ma ́ shuchimutemaka senpa: No te dejes otra vez. === English === To let oneself (do something) Nimutemakak ma nechshijshikuj Juan: I let Juan fool me. Ma ́ shuchimutemaka senpa: Don't let it happen to you again [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Intransitivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] k04bp7ys0jnrco69idn7rb2dlascac0 0 3791604 7255790 2026-07-19T17:39:38Z Zakaria Tunsung 2586001 Maalɩ atɩkɩl paalaa 7255790 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Senya Beraku''' ɩyɛ yiri aŋ bɩ a [[Wp/wlx/Awutu Senya West District|Awutu Senya West Dɩstɩrɩk]] aŋ bɩ a [[Wp/wlx/Central Region (Ghana)|Sɛŋtɩral Rɩjɩŋ]] a [[Wp/wlx/Gaana|Gaana]] puoŋ.<ref>https://www.google.com/maps/place//@5.387778,-0.4925,12z/data=!4m2!3m1!1s0x0:0x0!5m1!1e4?hl=en</ref> Senya Beraku la yiri ŋa [[Wp/wlx/Fort Good Hope|Fort Good Hope]] aŋ be. A Senya Beraku deme ɩyɛ nʋba ŋa baŋ bʋɔna ka [[Wp/wlx/Guan People|Guan]],Gaana paalʋʋ bʋʋrɩɩ kaŋa.<ref>https://gmmb.gov.gh/fort-good-hope-senya-beraku-1705/</ref> == Lɛʋ kaa chɛ mɩŋ nyɛ == * [[Wp/wlx/Apiba Festival|Apiba Festival]] == Tarɩjiihi == qwtennmyv7lwja5u4eop26zr55t97e2 7255792 7255790 2026-07-19T17:40:28Z Zakaria Tunsung 2586001 7255792 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/wlx/Databox|item=Q28943906}} '''Senya Beraku''' ɩyɛ yiri aŋ bɩ a [[Wp/wlx/Awutu Senya West District|Awutu Senya West Dɩstɩrɩk]] aŋ bɩ a [[Wp/wlx/Central Region (Ghana)|Sɛŋtɩral Rɩjɩŋ]] a [[Wp/wlx/Gaana|Gaana]] puoŋ.<ref>https://www.google.com/maps/place//@5.387778,-0.4925,12z/data=!4m2!3m1!1s0x0:0x0!5m1!1e4?hl=en</ref> Senya Beraku la yiri ŋa [[Wp/wlx/Fort Good Hope|Fort Good Hope]] aŋ be. A Senya Beraku deme ɩyɛ nʋba ŋa baŋ bʋɔna ka [[Wp/wlx/Guan People|Guan]],Gaana paalʋʋ bʋʋrɩɩ kaŋa.<ref>https://gmmb.gov.gh/fort-good-hope-senya-beraku-1705/</ref> == Lɛʋ kaa chɛ mɩŋ nyɛ == * [[Wp/wlx/Apiba Festival|Apiba Festival]] == Tarɩjiihi == [[Category:Wp/wlx]] c78w9ld0hx3rgg5i585d8aaa3oljc91 7255794 7255792 2026-07-19T17:41:02Z Zakaria Tunsung 2586001 Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q28943906]] 7255794 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/wlx/Databox|item=Q28943906}} '''Senya Beraku''' ɩyɛ yiri aŋ bɩ a [[Wp/wlx/Awutu Senya West District|Awutu Senya West Dɩstɩrɩk]] aŋ bɩ a [[Wp/wlx/Central Region (Ghana)|Sɛŋtɩral Rɩjɩŋ]] a [[Wp/wlx/Gaana|Gaana]] puoŋ.<ref>https://www.google.com/maps/place//@5.387778,-0.4925,12z/data=!4m2!3m1!1s0x0:0x0!5m1!1e4?hl=en</ref> Senya Beraku la yiri ŋa [[Wp/wlx/Fort Good Hope|Fort Good Hope]] aŋ be. A Senya Beraku deme ɩyɛ nʋba ŋa baŋ bʋɔna ka [[Wp/wlx/Guan People|Guan]],Gaana paalʋʋ bʋʋrɩɩ kaŋa.<ref>https://gmmb.gov.gh/fort-good-hope-senya-beraku-1705/</ref> == Lɛʋ kaa chɛ mɩŋ nyɛ == * [[Wp/wlx/Apiba Festival|Apiba Festival]] == Tarɩjiihi == [[Category:Wp/wlx]] {{INTERWIKI|Q28943906}} 403n4kz07y2xs1g2hynx4cir6nmr6jd 0 3791605 7255793 2026-07-19T17:40:46Z Torresriverac 2599376 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUTAPACHUA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nicolas Sánchez García (TimumachtikanNawat)-mutapachua.wav]] |} === Español === Agacharse (un poco) Niu-nimutapachua: Me voy a agachar (para pasar en algún lugar bajo). === English === Bend over (a little)..." 7255793 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUTAPACHUA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nicolas Sánchez García (TimumachtikanNawat)-mutapachua.wav]] |} === Español === Agacharse (un poco) Niu-nimutapachua: Me voy a agachar (para pasar en algún lugar bajo). === English === Bend over (a little) Niu-nimutapachua: I'm going to crouch down (to pass somewhere low). [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Intransitivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] hdugjf6aofon8tvq7sbudc8l0nrzjzh 0 3791606 7255797 2026-07-19T17:44:58Z Torresriverac 2599376 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUTAPATA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nicolas Sánchez García (TimumachtikanNawat)-mutapata.wav]] |} === Español === Cambiarse (ropa) Niu-nimutapata: Me voy a cambiar (ropa). === English === Change (clothes) Niu-nimutapata: I'm going to change (cl..." 7255797 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUTAPATA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nicolas Sánchez García (TimumachtikanNawat)-mutapata.wav]] |} === Español === Cambiarse (ropa) Niu-nimutapata: Me voy a cambiar (ropa). === English === Change (clothes) Niu-nimutapata: I'm going to change (clothes). [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Intransitivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] elc181veoau8un7tfwkkp2724su0tvn 0 3791607 7255798 2026-07-19T17:47:08Z Torresriverac 2599376 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUTENHAPAKA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nicolas Sánchez García (TimumachtikanNawat)-mutenhapaka.wav]] |} [[File:Wulang Basa Jilid 5 (page 32 crop) 02.jpg|thumb|250px|(MUTENHAPAKA)]] === Español === Cepillarse; lavarse los dientes; enjua- garse Na..." 7255798 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUTENHAPAKA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nicolas Sánchez García (TimumachtikanNawat)-mutenhapaka.wav]] |} [[File:Wulang Basa Jilid 5 (page 32 crop) 02.jpg|thumb|250px|(MUTENHAPAKA)]] === Español === Cepillarse; lavarse los dientes; enjua- garse Naja nimutenhapaka: Yo me cepillo los dientes. === English === Brush; wash your teeth; rinse Naja nimutenhapaka: I brush my teeth. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Intransitivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] a7t3ncrb7fdv0pfrwk87iexyaky53hp 3 3791608 7255804 2026-07-19T18:02:26Z Deepfriedokra 2529432 Deepfriedokra moved page [[User talk:HannahCyrus26]] to [[User talk:WiccanWonder89]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/HannahCyrus26|HannahCyrus26]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/WiccanWonder89|WiccanWonder89]]" 7255804 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[User talk:WiccanWonder89]] 686lmi29bs0dqm5b0nzovsvdcrnsrgk 0 3791609 7255818 2026-07-19T18:35:19Z VanModers 2551723 Created page with "{{Wp/frs/Inf'rmóósjoonsboks Land |Nóóm = Feräint Köönenkriik fan Grôot Briitanien un Noordirland |Bild = Flag of the United Kingdom (1-2).svg |Bildbräed't = 150px |Tóól = [[Wp/frs/Engelsk|Engelsk]] |Hoovdstad = [[Wp/frs/London|London]] |Inwoonertóól = 69.487.000 (30. junii 2025) |Flâakt = 243.610 km² |Besiidelnsdiecht't = r.w. 285 inwooners/km² |Grünnen = 1707 |Regää..." 7255818 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/frs/Inf'rmóósjoonsboks Land |Nóóm = Feräint Köönenkriik fan Grôot Briitanien un Noordirland |Bild = Flag of the United Kingdom (1-2).svg |Bildbräed't = 150px |Tóól = [[Wp/frs/Engelsk|Engelsk]] |Hoovdstad = [[Wp/frs/London|London]] |Inwoonertóól = 69.487.000 (30. junii 2025) |Flâakt = 243.610 km² |Besiidelnsdiecht't = r.w. 285 inwooners/km² |Grünnen = 1707 |Regäärensföörm = Parlómentaarsk monarchii }} Dat '''Feräint Köönenkriik fan Grôot Briitanien un Noordirland''', kört dat '''Feräint Köönenkriik''' (engelsk ''United Kingdom'', ofkört't ''UK''), is 'n stóót up d' Briitsk Ailâan föör d' noordwestküest fan [[Wp/frs/Europó|Europó]]. Dat is däi grôotst ailandstóót fan Europó. Dat Feräint Köönenkriik is 'n unjoon fan fäär landsdäilen: [[Wp/frs/Engelland|Engelland]], [[Wp/frs/Wales|Wales]], [[Wp/frs/Skotland|Skotland]] un [[Wp/frs/Noordirland|Noordirland]]. Hoovdstad un befolkensrîikst stad is [[Wp/frs/London|London]], äien fan däi grôotst kultür-, medien-, hannels- un finanstsentren fan d' weerld. Up d' 30. junii 2025 wur dat befolken up 69.487.000 minsken skat't.<ref name="ONS">[https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/populationestimates/bulletins/provisionalpopulationestimatefortheuk/mid2025 Provisional population estimate for the UK: mid-2025.] Office for National Statistics, 27. nowember 2025, ofraupen up d' 19. julii 2026 (engelsk).</ref> Dat Briitsk Weerldriik, wor dat Feräint Köönenkriik fan d' 17. bit in 't 20. jorhunnert oover regäärde, was dat grôotst kulonióólriik in d' histoorje. In d' 18. jorhunnert wur dat Feräint Köönenkriik dat êerst industriiland. Fandóóeğ is dat 'n wirtskaftelk un politisk wichtiğ stóót, 'n grünnenslid fan däi [[Wp/frs/NATO|NATO]] un däi [[Wp/frs/Feräint Nóósjoonen|Feräint Nóósjoonen]], 'n stenniğ lid fan d' UN-Seekerhaidsróód un lid fan d' G7. == Geogróófii == Dat stóótsgebiit umfat't dat ailand [[Wp/frs/Grôot Briitanjen|Grôot Briitanjen]], däi noordoostelk däil fan dat ailand [[Wp/frs/Irland|Irland]] un fööl lütjerder ailâan. Grôot Briitanien bestaajt uut Engelland, Wales un Skotland. Noordirland is däi enkeld landsdäil, däi up dat ailand fan d' Republik Irland liğt. Däi landskup is in 't noord un west f'râal baarğachtiğ un in 't süüd un oost grootendäils flak. Däi hôoğst baarğ is däi [[Wp/frs/Ben Nevis|Ben Nevis]] in Skotland. Grôot äjen bünt däi Thames, Severn un Trent. Tüsken Grôot Briitanien un dat europeesk hoovdland liegent däi [[Wp/frs/Noordsäj|Noordsäj]] un däi [[Wp/frs/Engelsk Knóól|Engelsk Knóól]]. Dat kliimó is oseóónsk un word't döör d' Atlantik bestemt. Däi winters bünt mäist mild, däi sömmers kold bit waarm. In 't west gift dat fööl meer reegen as in 't oost. == Befolken un kultüer == Däi grôotst däil fan 't befolken leevt in Engelland. Anner grôot steeden bünt Birmingham, Manchester, Glasgow, Liverpool, Edinburgh un Belfast. [[Wp/frs/Engelsk|Engelsk]] is däi ooverâal bruukt tóól. In Wales, Skotland un Noordirland wordent boovendeem [[Wp/frs/Waliisk|Waliisk]], [[Wp/frs/Skotsk-Geelsk|Skotsk-Geelsk]], [[Wp/frs/Irsk|Irsk]] un anner regjoonóóel tóólen proot't. Däi briitsk kultüer het döör dat waleer bestóónd weerldriik 'n grôot internóósjoonóóel inflaud hat. Dat land het wichtiğ biidróógen an d' litteróótüer, wäitenskup, musik, film un sport móókt. Fööl modêern sporten, d'r unner fautbâal, rugby un tennis, hebbent in Grôot Briitanien höör fandóóğsk reegels kreegen. == Histoorje == Däi Briitsk Ailâan wassent al föör duusenden fan joren besiidelt. In d' [[Wp/frs/Antîik|antîik]] regäärde dat [[Wp/frs/Roomsk Riik|Roomsk Riik]] oover grôot däilen fan Grôot Briitanien. Nóó dat äen fan d' roomsk heerskup kwamment ferskeelend köönenkriiken up. Engelland wur in d' 10. jorhunnert feräint; Wales wur lóóter mit Engelland ferbunnen. In 't joer 1603 kreeğ Skotland däi sülviğ köönenk as Engelland. Mit däi Unjoonsakt fan 1707 wurdent däi köönenkriiken Engelland un Skotland in dat Köönenkriik Grôot Briitanien feräint. 1801 kwam Irland d'r bii. Nóó dat däi grôotst däil fan Irland unofhangelk worden was, kreeğ dat Feräint Köönenkriik in 't joer 1927 siin fandóóğsk nóóm. Fan d' 18. jorhunnert of an begun in Grôot Briitanien däi [[Wp/frs/Industriäel Rewulusjoon|Industriäel Rewulusjoon]]. Tau d' sülviğ tiid wues dat Briitsk Weerldriik oover grôot däilen fan d' weerld. Nóó däi bâajd weerldoorlaugen ferloor dat land fööl fan siin weerldmacht un däi mäiest kuloniien wurdent unofhangelk. Dat Feräint Köönenkriik wur 1973 lid fan d' Europeesk Wirtskaftsmäinskup, däi lóóter in d' [[Wp/frs/Europeesk Unjoon|Europeesk Unjoon]] upgung. Nóó 'n befróógen in 't joer 2016 trad dat land up d' 31. jannerwoi 2020 uut däi Europeesk Unjoon. == Politik un wirtskaft == Dat Feräint Köönenkriik is 'n parlómentaarsk monarchii. Dat stóótshoovd is däi köönenk; man däi politisk macht liğt bii däi premjeeminister un dat regäären. Dat parlóment bestaajt uut twei huusen. Skotland, Wales un Noordirland hebbent äigen parlómenten of anner ferfóótensorgóónen mit ooverdróógen upgóóven. Densten hebbent däi grôotst andäil an d' wirtskaft. London is äien fan däi grôotst finanstsentren fan d' weerld. Ook industrii, wäitenskup, medien un kultüer bünt wichtiğ. Fööl besöykers uut d' häiel weerld kooment elker joer nóó dat land. Dat Feräint Köönenkriik het ölje- un gasföörkoomens in d' Noordsäj. == Wellen == [[Category:Wp/frs]] 9ribr3wtos8jasw8gbyf9glmu4jns0m 7255820 7255818 2026-07-19T18:36:17Z VanModers 2551723 7255820 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/frs/Inf'rmóósjoonsboks Land |Nóóm = Feräint Köönenkriik fan Grôot Briitanien un Noordirland |Bild = Flag of the United Kingdom (1-2).svg |Bildbräed't = 150px |Tóól = [[Wp/frs/Engelsk|Engelsk]] |Hoovdstad = [[Wp/frs/London|London]] |Inwoonertóól = 69.487.000 (30. junii 2025) |Flâakt = 243.610 km² |Besiidelnsdiecht't = r.w. 285 inwooners/km² |Grünnen = 1707 |Regäärensföörm = Parlómentaarsk monarchii }} Dat '''Feräint Köönenkriik fan Grôot Briitanien un Noordirland''', kört dat '''Feräint Köönenkriik''' (engelsk ''United Kingdom'', ofkört't ''UK''), is 'n stóót up d' Briitsk Ailâan föör d' noordwestküest fan [[Wp/frs/Europó|Europó]]. Dat is däi grôotst ailandstóót fan Europó. Dat Feräint Köönenkriik is 'n unjoon fan fäär landsdäilen: [[Wp/frs/Engelland|Engelland]], [[Wp/frs/Wales|Wales]], [[Wp/frs/Skotland|Skotland]] un [[Wp/frs/Noordirland|Noordirland]]. Hoovdstad un befolkensrîikst stad is [[Wp/frs/London|London]], äien fan däi grôotst kultür-, medien-, hannels- un finanstsentren fan d' weerld. Up d' 30. junii 2025 wur dat befolken up 69.487.000 minsken skat't.<ref name="ONS">[https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/populationestimates/bulletins/provisionalpopulationestimatefortheuk/mid2025 Provisional population estimate for the UK: mid-2025.] Office for National Statistics, 27. nowember 2025, ofraupen up d' 19. julii 2026 (engelsk).</ref> Dat Briitsk Weerldriik, wor dat Feräint Köönenkriik fan d' 17. bit in 't 20. jorhunnert oover regäärde, was dat grôotst kulonióólriik in d' histoorje. In d' 18. jorhunnert wur dat Feräint Köönenkriik dat êerst industriiland. Fandóóeğ is dat 'n wirtskaftelk un politisk wichtiğ stóót, 'n grünnenslid fan däi [[Wp/frs/NATO|NATO]] un däi [[Wp/frs/Feräint Nóósjoonen|Feräint Nóósjoonen]], 'n stenniğ lid fan d' UN-Seekerhaidsróód un lid fan d' G7. == Geogróófii == Dat stóótsgebiit umfat't dat ailand [[Wp/frs/Grôot Briitanjen|Grôot Briitanjen]], däi noordoostelk däil fan dat ailand [[Wp/frs/Irland|Irland]] un fööl lütjerder ailâan. Grôot Briitanien bestaajt uut Engelland, Wales un Skotland. Noordirland is däi enkeld landsdäil, däi up dat ailand fan d' Republik Irland liğt. Däi landskup is in 't noord un west f'râal baarğachtiğ un in 't süüd un oost grootendäils flak. Däi hôoğst baarğ is däi [[Wp/frs/Ben Nevis|Ben Nevis]] in Skotland. Grôot äjen bünt däi Thames, Severn un Trent. Tüsken Grôot Briitanien un dat europeesk hoovdland liegent däi [[Wp/frs/Noordsäj|Noordsäj]] un däi [[Wp/frs/Engelsk Knóól|Engelsk Knóól]]. Dat kliimó is oseóónsk un word't döör d' Atlantik bestemt. Däi winters bünt mäist mild, däi sömmers kold bit waarm. In 't west gift dat fööl meer reegen as in 't oost. == Befolken un kultüer == Däi grôotst däil fan 't befolken leevt in Engelland. Anner grôot steeden bünt Birmingham, Manchester, Glasgow, Liverpool, Edinburgh un Belfast. [[Wp/frs/Engelsk|Engelsk]] is däi ooverâal bruukt tóól. In Wales, Skotland un Noordirland wordent boovendeem [[Wp/frs/Waliisk|Waliisk]], [[Wp/frs/Skotsk-Geelsk|Skotsk-Geelsk]], [[Wp/frs/Irsk|Irsk]] un anner regjoonóóel tóólen proot't. Däi briitsk kultüer het döör dat waleer bestóónd weerldriik 'n grôot internóósjoonóóel inflaud hat. Dat land het wichtiğ biidróógen an d' litteróótüer, wäitenskup, musik, film un sport móókt. Fööl modêern sporten, d'r unner fautbâal, rugby un tennis, hebbent in Grôot Briitanien höör fandóóğsk reegels kreegen. == Histoorje == Däi Briitsk Ailâan wassent al föör duusenden fan joren besiidelt. In d' [[Wp/frs/Antîik|antîik]] regäärde dat [[Wp/frs/Roomsk Riik|Roomsk Riik]] oover grôot däilen fan Grôot Briitanien. Nóó dat äen fan d' roomsk heerskup kwamment ferskeelend köönenkriiken up. Engelland wur in d' 10. jorhunnert feräint; Wales wur lóóter mit Engelland ferbunnen. In 't joer 1603 kreeğ Skotland däi sülviğ köönenk as Engelland. Mit däi Unjoonsakt fan 1707 wurdent däi köönenkriiken Engelland un Skotland in dat Köönenkriik Grôot Briitanien feräint. 1801 kwam Irland d'r bii. Nóó dat däi grôotst däil fan Irland unofhangelk worden was, kreeğ dat Feräint Köönenkriik in 't joer 1927 siin fandóóğsk nóóm. Fan d' 18. jorhunnert of an begun in Grôot Briitanien däi [[Wp/frs/Industriäel Rewulusjoon|Industriäel Rewulusjoon]]. Tau d' sülviğ tiid wues dat Briitsk Weerldriik oover grôot däilen fan d' weerld. Nóó däi bâajd weerldoorlaugen ferloor dat land fööl fan siin weerldmacht un däi mäiest kuloniien wurdent unofhangelk. Dat Feräint Köönenkriik wur 1973 lid fan d' Europeesk Wirtskaftsmäinskup, däi lóóter in d' [[Wp/frs/Europeesk Unjoon|Europeesk Unjoon]] upgung. Nóó 'n befróógen in 't joer 2016 trad dat land up d' 31. jannerwoi 2020 uut däi Europeesk Unjoon. == Politik un wirtskaft == Dat Feräint Köönenkriik is 'n parlómentaarsk monarchii. Dat stóótshoovd is däi köönenk; man däi politisk macht liğt bii däi premjeeminister un dat regäären. Dat parlóment bestaajt uut twei huusen. Skotland, Wales un Noordirland hebbent äigen parlómenten of anner ferfóótensorgóónen mit ooverdróógen upgóóven. Densten hebbent däi grôotst andäil an d' wirtskaft. London is äien fan däi grôotst finanstsentren fan d' weerld. Ook industrii, wäitenskup, medien un kultüer bünt wichtiğ. Fööl besöykers uut d' häiel weerld kooment elker joer nóó dat land. Dat Feräint Köönenkriik het ölje- un gasföörkoomens in d' Noordsäj. == Wellen == [[Category:Wp/frs]] <references /> [[Category:Land]] tk472vauvqn4ughmi7hvx8xxffhmcb7 7255821 7255820 2026-07-19T18:36:33Z VanModers 2551723 Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q145]] 7255821 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/frs/Inf'rmóósjoonsboks Land |Nóóm = Feräint Köönenkriik fan Grôot Briitanien un Noordirland |Bild = Flag of the United Kingdom (1-2).svg |Bildbräed't = 150px |Tóól = [[Wp/frs/Engelsk|Engelsk]] |Hoovdstad = [[Wp/frs/London|London]] |Inwoonertóól = 69.487.000 (30. junii 2025) |Flâakt = 243.610 km² |Besiidelnsdiecht't = r.w. 285 inwooners/km² |Grünnen = 1707 |Regäärensföörm = Parlómentaarsk monarchii }} Dat '''Feräint Köönenkriik fan Grôot Briitanien un Noordirland''', kört dat '''Feräint Köönenkriik''' (engelsk ''United Kingdom'', ofkört't ''UK''), is 'n stóót up d' Briitsk Ailâan föör d' noordwestküest fan [[Wp/frs/Europó|Europó]]. Dat is däi grôotst ailandstóót fan Europó. Dat Feräint Köönenkriik is 'n unjoon fan fäär landsdäilen: [[Wp/frs/Engelland|Engelland]], [[Wp/frs/Wales|Wales]], [[Wp/frs/Skotland|Skotland]] un [[Wp/frs/Noordirland|Noordirland]]. Hoovdstad un befolkensrîikst stad is [[Wp/frs/London|London]], äien fan däi grôotst kultür-, medien-, hannels- un finanstsentren fan d' weerld. Up d' 30. junii 2025 wur dat befolken up 69.487.000 minsken skat't.<ref name="ONS">[https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/populationestimates/bulletins/provisionalpopulationestimatefortheuk/mid2025 Provisional population estimate for the UK: mid-2025.] Office for National Statistics, 27. nowember 2025, ofraupen up d' 19. julii 2026 (engelsk).</ref> Dat Briitsk Weerldriik, wor dat Feräint Köönenkriik fan d' 17. bit in 't 20. jorhunnert oover regäärde, was dat grôotst kulonióólriik in d' histoorje. In d' 18. jorhunnert wur dat Feräint Köönenkriik dat êerst industriiland. Fandóóeğ is dat 'n wirtskaftelk un politisk wichtiğ stóót, 'n grünnenslid fan däi [[Wp/frs/NATO|NATO]] un däi [[Wp/frs/Feräint Nóósjoonen|Feräint Nóósjoonen]], 'n stenniğ lid fan d' UN-Seekerhaidsróód un lid fan d' G7. == Geogróófii == Dat stóótsgebiit umfat't dat ailand [[Wp/frs/Grôot Briitanjen|Grôot Briitanjen]], däi noordoostelk däil fan dat ailand [[Wp/frs/Irland|Irland]] un fööl lütjerder ailâan. Grôot Briitanien bestaajt uut Engelland, Wales un Skotland. Noordirland is däi enkeld landsdäil, däi up dat ailand fan d' Republik Irland liğt. Däi landskup is in 't noord un west f'râal baarğachtiğ un in 't süüd un oost grootendäils flak. Däi hôoğst baarğ is däi [[Wp/frs/Ben Nevis|Ben Nevis]] in Skotland. Grôot äjen bünt däi Thames, Severn un Trent. Tüsken Grôot Briitanien un dat europeesk hoovdland liegent däi [[Wp/frs/Noordsäj|Noordsäj]] un däi [[Wp/frs/Engelsk Knóól|Engelsk Knóól]]. Dat kliimó is oseóónsk un word't döör d' Atlantik bestemt. Däi winters bünt mäist mild, däi sömmers kold bit waarm. In 't west gift dat fööl meer reegen as in 't oost. == Befolken un kultüer == Däi grôotst däil fan 't befolken leevt in Engelland. Anner grôot steeden bünt Birmingham, Manchester, Glasgow, Liverpool, Edinburgh un Belfast. [[Wp/frs/Engelsk|Engelsk]] is däi ooverâal bruukt tóól. In Wales, Skotland un Noordirland wordent boovendeem [[Wp/frs/Waliisk|Waliisk]], [[Wp/frs/Skotsk-Geelsk|Skotsk-Geelsk]], [[Wp/frs/Irsk|Irsk]] un anner regjoonóóel tóólen proot't. Däi briitsk kultüer het döör dat waleer bestóónd weerldriik 'n grôot internóósjoonóóel inflaud hat. Dat land het wichtiğ biidróógen an d' litteróótüer, wäitenskup, musik, film un sport móókt. Fööl modêern sporten, d'r unner fautbâal, rugby un tennis, hebbent in Grôot Briitanien höör fandóóğsk reegels kreegen. == Histoorje == Däi Briitsk Ailâan wassent al föör duusenden fan joren besiidelt. In d' [[Wp/frs/Antîik|antîik]] regäärde dat [[Wp/frs/Roomsk Riik|Roomsk Riik]] oover grôot däilen fan Grôot Briitanien. Nóó dat äen fan d' roomsk heerskup kwamment ferskeelend köönenkriiken up. Engelland wur in d' 10. jorhunnert feräint; Wales wur lóóter mit Engelland ferbunnen. In 't joer 1603 kreeğ Skotland däi sülviğ köönenk as Engelland. Mit däi Unjoonsakt fan 1707 wurdent däi köönenkriiken Engelland un Skotland in dat Köönenkriik Grôot Briitanien feräint. 1801 kwam Irland d'r bii. Nóó dat däi grôotst däil fan Irland unofhangelk worden was, kreeğ dat Feräint Köönenkriik in 't joer 1927 siin fandóóğsk nóóm. Fan d' 18. jorhunnert of an begun in Grôot Briitanien däi [[Wp/frs/Industriäel Rewulusjoon|Industriäel Rewulusjoon]]. Tau d' sülviğ tiid wues dat Briitsk Weerldriik oover grôot däilen fan d' weerld. Nóó däi bâajd weerldoorlaugen ferloor dat land fööl fan siin weerldmacht un däi mäiest kuloniien wurdent unofhangelk. Dat Feräint Köönenkriik wur 1973 lid fan d' Europeesk Wirtskaftsmäinskup, däi lóóter in d' [[Wp/frs/Europeesk Unjoon|Europeesk Unjoon]] upgung. Nóó 'n befróógen in 't joer 2016 trad dat land up d' 31. jannerwoi 2020 uut däi Europeesk Unjoon. == Politik un wirtskaft == Dat Feräint Köönenkriik is 'n parlómentaarsk monarchii. Dat stóótshoovd is däi köönenk; man däi politisk macht liğt bii däi premjeeminister un dat regäären. Dat parlóment bestaajt uut twei huusen. Skotland, Wales un Noordirland hebbent äigen parlómenten of anner ferfóótensorgóónen mit ooverdróógen upgóóven. Densten hebbent däi grôotst andäil an d' wirtskaft. London is äien fan däi grôotst finanstsentren fan d' weerld. Ook industrii, wäitenskup, medien un kultüer bünt wichtiğ. Fööl besöykers uut d' häiel weerld kooment elker joer nóó dat land. Dat Feräint Köönenkriik het ölje- un gasföörkoomens in d' Noordsäj. == Wellen == [[Category:Wp/frs]] <references /> [[Category:Land]] {{INTERWIKI|Q145}} dtogtjxva1gc1epdpix4svbx22bkjxs 7255835 7255821 2026-07-19T19:37:02Z WikiFayo95 2609576 7255835 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/frs/Inf'rmóósjoonsboks Land |Nóóm = Feräint Köönenkriik fan Grôot Briitanien un Noordirland |Bild = Flag of the United Kingdom (1-2).svg |Bildbräed't = 150px |Tóól = [[Wp/frs/Engelsk|Engelsk]] |Hoovdstad = [[Wp/frs/London|London]] |Inwoonertóól = 69.487.000 (30. junii 2025) |Flâakt = 243.610 km² |Besiidelnsdiecht't = r.w. 285 inwooners/km² |Grünnen = 1707 |Regäärensföörm = Parlómentaarsk monarchii }} Dat '''Feräint Köönenkriik fan Grôot Briitanien un Noordirland''', kört dat '''Feräint Köönenkriik''' (engelsk ''United Kingdom'', ofkört't ''UK''), is 'n stóót up d' Briitsk Ailâan föörr d' noordwestküest fan [[Wp/frs/Europó|Europó]]. Dat is däi grôotst ailandstóót fan Europó. Dat Feräint Köönenkriik is 'n unjoon fan fäär landsdäilen: [[Wp/frs/Engelland|Engelland]], [[Wp/frs/Wales|Wales]], [[Wp/frs/Skotland|Skotland]] un [[Wp/frs/Noordirland|Noordirland]]. Hoovdstad un befolkensrîikst stad is [[Wp/frs/Lunden|Lunden]], äien fan däi grôotst kultür-, medien-, hannels- un finanstsentren fan d' weerld. Up d' 30. junii 2025 wur dat befolken up 69.487.000 minsken skat't.<ref name="ONS">[https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/populationestimates/bulletins/provisionalpopulationestimatefortheuk/mid2025 Provisional population estimate for the UK: mid-2025.] Office for National Statistics, 27. nowember 2025, ofraupen up d' 19. julii 2026 (engelsk).</ref> Dat Briitsk Weerldriik, wor dat Feräint Köönenkriik fan d' 17. bit in 't 20. jorhunnert oover regäärde, was dat grôotst kulonióólriik in d' histoorje. In d' 18. jorhunnert wur dat Feräint Köönenkriik dat êerst industriiland. Fandóóeğ is dat 'n wirtskaftelk un politisk wichtiğ stóót, 'n grünnenslid fan däi [[Wp/frs/NATO|NATO]] un däi [[Wp/frs/Feräint Nóósjoonen|Feräint Nóósjoonen]], 'n stenniğ lid fan d' UN-Seekerhaidsróód un lid fan d' G7. == Geogróófii == Dat stóótsgebiit umfat't dat ailand [[Wp/frs/Grôot Briitanjen|Grôot Briitanjen]], däi noordoostelk däil fan dat ailand [[Wp/frs/Irland|Irland]] un fööl lütjerder ailâan. Grôot Briitanien bestaajt uut Engelland, Wales un Skotland. [[Wp/frs/Noordirland|Noordirland]] is däi enkeld landsdäil, däi up dat ailand fan d' Republik Irland liğt. Däi landskup is in 't noord un west f'râal baarğachtiğ un in 't süüd un oost grootendäils flak. Däi hôoğst baarğ is däi [[Wp/frs/Ben Nevis|Ben Nevis]] in Skotland. Grôot äjen bünt däi Täiems, Severn un Trent. Tüsken Grôot Briitanien un dat europeesk hoovdland liegent däi [[Wp/frs/Noordsäj|Noordsäj]] un däi [[Wp/frs/Engelsk Knóól|Engelsk Knóól]]. Dat kliimó is oseóónsk un word't döör d' Atlantik bestemt. Däi winters bünt mäist mild, däi sömmers kold bit waarm. In 't west gift dat fööl meer reegen as in 't oost. == Befolken un kultüer == Däi grôotst däil fan 't befolken leevt in Engelland. Anner grôot steeden bünt Birmingham, Manchester, Glasgow, Liverpool, Edinburgh un Belfast. [[Wp/frs/Engelsk|Engelsk]] is däi duminâant tóól. In Wales, Skotland un Noordirland wordent boovendeem [[Wp/frs/Waliisk|Waliisk]], [[Wp/frs/Skotsk-Geelsk|Skotsk-Geelsk]], [[Wp/frs/Irsk|Irsk]] un anner regjoonóóel tóólen proot't. Däi briitsk kultüer het döör dat waleer bestóónd weerldriik 'n grôot internóósjoonóóel inflaud hat. Dat land het wichtiğ biidróógen tau litteróótüer, wäitenskup, musik, film un sport móókt. Fööl modêern sporttsoorden, d'r unner fautbâal, rugby un tennis, hebbent in Grôot Briitanien höör fandóóğsk reegels kreegen. == Histoorje == Däi Briitsk Ailâan wassent al föör duusenden fan joren besiidelt. In d' [[Wp/frs/Antîik|antîik]] regäärde dat [[Wp/frs/Roomsk Riik|Roomsk Riik]] oover grôot däilen fan Grôot Briitanien. Nóó dat äen fan d' roomsk heerskup kwamment ferskeelend köönenkriiken up. Engelland wur in d' 10. jorhunnert feräint; Wales wur lóóter mit Engelland ferbunnen. In 't joer 1603 kreeğ Skotland däi sülviğ köönenk as Engelland. Mit däi Unjoonsakt fan 1707 wurdent däi köönenkriiken Engelland un Skotland in dat Köönenkriik Grôot Briitanien feräint. 1801 kwam Irland d'r bii. Nóó dat däi grôotst däil fan Irland unofhangelk worden was, kreeğ dat Feräint Köönenkriik in 't joer 1927 siin fandóóğsk nóóm. Fan d' 18. jorhunnert of an begun in Grôot Briitanien däi [[Wp/frs/Industriäel Rewulusjoon|Industriäel Rewulusjoon]]. Tau d' sülviğ tiid wues dat Briitsk Weerldriik oover grôot däilen fan d' weerld. Nóó däi bâajd weerldoorlaugen ferloor dat land fööl fan siin weerldmacht un däi mäiest kuloniien wurdent unofhangelk. Dat Feräint Köönenkriik wur 1973 lid fan d' Europeesk Wirtskaftsmäinskup, däi lóóter in d' [[Wp/frs/Europeesk Unjoon|Europeesk Unjoon]] upgung. Nóó 'n befróógen in 't joer 2016 trad dat land up d' 31. jannerwoi 2020 tau d' Europeesk Unjoon uut. == Politik un wirtskaft == Dat Feräint Köönenkriik is 'n parlómentaarsk monarchii. Dat stóótshoovd is däi köönenk; man däi politisk macht liğt bii däi premjeeminister un dat regäären. Dat parlóment bestaajt uut twei huusen. Skotland, Wales un Noordirland hebbent äigen parlómenten of anner ferfóótensorgóónen mit ooverdróógen upgóóven. Densten hebbent däi grôotst andäil an d' wirtskaft. Lunden is äien fan däi grôotst finanstsentren fan d' weerld. Ook industrii, wäitenskup, medien un kultüer bünt wichtiğ. Fööl besöykers uut d' häiel weerld kooment elker joer nóó dat land. Dat Feräint Köönenkriik het ölje- un gasföörkoomens in d' Noordsäj. == Wellen == [[Category:Wp/frs]] <references /> [[Category:Wp/frs/Land]] {{INTERWIKI|Q145}} i52y4agw558crvpzwqqeqbpz172j7dc 7255844 7255835 2026-07-19T19:49:22Z VanModers 2551723 Lütje kurrektüer 7255844 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/frs/Inf'rmóósjoonsboks Land |Nóóm = Feräint Köönenkriik fan Grôot Briitanien un Noordirland |Bild = Flag of the United Kingdom (1-2).svg |Bildbräed't = 150px |Tóól = [[Wp/frs/Engelsk|Engelsk]] |Hoovdstad = [[Wp/frs/London|London]] |Inwoonertóól = 69.487.000 (30. junii 2025) |Flâakt = 243.610 km² |Besiidelnsdiecht't = r.w. 285 inwooners/km² |Grünnen = 1707 |Regäärensföörm = Parlómentaarsk monarchii }} Dat '''Feräint Köönenkriik fan Grôot Briitanien un Noordirland''', kört dat '''Feräint Köönenkriik''' (engelsk ''United Kingdom'', ofkört't ''UK''), is 'n stóót up d' Briitsk Ailâan fööer d' noordwestküest fan [[Wp/frs/Europó|Europó]]. Dat is däi grôotst ailandstóót fan Europó. Dat Feräint Köönenkriik is 'n unjoon fan fäär landsdäilen: [[Wp/frs/Engelland|Engelland]], [[Wp/frs/Wales|Wales]], [[Wp/frs/Skotland|Skotland]] un [[Wp/frs/Noordirland|Noordirland]]. Hoovdstad un befolkensrîikst stad is [[Wp/frs/Lunden|Lunden]], äien fan däi grôotst kultür-, medien-, hannels- un finanstsentren fan d' weerld. Up d' 30. junii 2025 wur dat befolken up 69.487.000 minsken skat't.<ref name="ONS">[https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/populationestimates/bulletins/provisionalpopulationestimatefortheuk/mid2025 Provisional population estimate for the UK: mid-2025.] Office for National Statistics, 27. nowember 2025, ofraupen up d' 19. julii 2026 (engelsk).</ref> Dat Briitsk Weerldriik, wor dat Feräint Köönenkriik fan d' 17. bit in 't 20. jorhunnert oover regäärde, was dat grôotst kulonióólriik in d' histoorje. In d' 18. jorhunnert wur dat Feräint Köönenkriik dat êerst industriiland. Fandóóeğ is dat 'n wirtskaftelk un politisk wichtiğ stóót, 'n grünnenslid fan däi [[Wp/frs/NATO|NATO]] un däi [[Wp/frs/Feräint Nóósjoonen|Feräint Nóósjoonen]], 'n stenniğ lid fan d' UN-Seekerhaidsróód un lid fan d' G7. == Geogróófii == Dat stóótsgebiit umfat't dat ailand [[Wp/frs/Grôot Briitanjen|Grôot Briitanjen]], däi noordoostelk däil fan dat ailand [[Wp/frs/Irland|Irland]] un fööl lütjerder ailâan. Grôot Briitanien bestaajt uut Engelland, Wales un Skotland. [[Wp/frs/Noordirland|Noordirland]] is däi enkeld landsdäil, däi up dat ailand fan d' Republik Irland liğt. Däi landskup is in 't noord un west f'râal baarğachtiğ un in 't süüd un oost grootendäils flak. Däi hôoğst baarğ is däi [[Wp/frs/Ben Nevis|Ben Nevis]] in Skotland. Grôot äjen bünt däi Täiems, Severn un Trent. Tüsken Grôot Briitanien un dat europeesk hoovdland liegent däi [[Wp/frs/Noordsäj|Noordsäj]] un däi [[Wp/frs/Engelsk Knóól|Engelsk Knóól]]. Dat kliimó is oseóónsk un word't döör d' Atlantik bestemt. Däi winters bünt mäist mild, däi sömmers kold bit waarm. In 't west gift dat fööl meer reegen as in 't oost. == Befolken un kultüer == Däi grôotst däil fan 't befolken leevt in Engelland. Anner grôot steeden bünt Birmingham, Manchester, Glasgow, Liverpool, Edinburgh un Belfast. [[Wp/frs/Engelsk|Engelsk]] is däi duminâant tóól. In Wales, Skotland un Noordirland wordent boovendeem [[Wp/frs/Waliisk|Waliisk]], [[Wp/frs/Skotsk-Geelsk|Skotsk-Geelsk]], [[Wp/frs/Irsk|Irsk]] un anner regjoonóóel tóólen proot't. Däi briitsk kultüer het döör dat waleer bestóónd weerldriik 'n grôot internóósjoonóóel inflaud hat. Dat land het wichtiğ biidróógen tau litteróótüer, wäitenskup, musik, film un sport móókt. Fööl modêern sporttsoorden, d'r unner fautbâal, rugby un tennis, hebbent in Grôot Briitanien höör fandóóğsk reegels kreegen. == Histoorje == Däi Briitsk Ailâan wassent al föör duusenden fan joren besiidelt. In d' [[Wp/frs/Antîik|antîik]] regäärde dat [[Wp/frs/Roomsk Riik|Roomsk Riik]] oover grôot däilen fan Grôot Briitanien. Nóó dat äen fan d' roomsk heerskup kwamment ferskeelend köönenkriiken up. Engelland wur in d' 10. jorhunnert feräint; Wales wur lóóter mit Engelland ferbunnen. In 't joer 1603 kreeğ Skotland däi sülviğ köönenk as Engelland. Mit däi Unjoonsakt fan 1707 wurdent däi köönenkriiken Engelland un Skotland in dat Köönenkriik Grôot Briitanien feräint. 1801 kwam Irland d'r bii. Nóó dat däi grôotst däil fan Irland unofhangelk worden was, kreeğ dat Feräint Köönenkriik in 't joer 1927 siin fandóóğsk nóóm. Fan d' 18. jorhunnert of an begun in Grôot Briitanien däi [[Wp/frs/Industriäel Rewulusjoon|Industriäel Rewulusjoon]]. Tau d' sülviğ tiid wues dat Briitsk Weerldriik oover grôot däilen fan d' weerld. Nóó däi bâajd weerldoorlaugen ferloor dat land fööl fan siin weerldmacht un däi mäiest kuloniien wurdent unofhangelk. Dat Feräint Köönenkriik wur 1973 lid fan d' Europeesk Wirtskaftsmäinskup, däi lóóter in d' [[Wp/frs/Europeesk Unjoon|Europeesk Unjoon]] upgung. Nóó 'n befróógen in 't joer 2016 trad dat land up d' 31. jannerwoi 2020 tau d' Europeesk Unjoon uut. == Politik un wirtskaft == Dat Feräint Köönenkriik is 'n parlómentaarsk monarchii. Dat stóótshoovd is däi köönenk; man däi politisk macht liğt bii däi premjeeminister un dat regäären. Dat parlóment bestaajt uut twei huusen. Skotland, Wales un Noordirland hebbent äigen parlómenten of anner ferfóótensorgóónen mit ooverdróógen upgóóven. Densten hebbent däi grôotst andäil an d' wirtskaft. Lunden is äien fan däi grôotst finanstsentren fan d' weerld. Ook industrii, wäitenskup, medien un kultüer bünt wichtiğ. Fööl besöykers uut d' häiel weerld kooment elker joer nóó dat land. Dat Feräint Köönenkriik het ölje- un gasföörkoomens in d' Noordsäj. == Wellen == [[Category:Wp/frs]] <references /> [[Category:Wp/frs/Land]] {{INTERWIKI|Q145}} 6jdn6l7pbt5tovncgay9txz0g10qcat 0 3791610 7255824 2026-07-19T19:00:43Z VanModers 2551723 Created page with "{{Wp/frs/Inf'rmóósjoonsboks Land |Nóóm = Itóóljen |Bild = Flag of Italy.svg |Bildbräed't = 150px |Tóól = [[Wp/frs/Itóóljeensk|Itóóljeensk]] |Hoovdstad = [[Wp/frs/Room|Room]] |Inwoonertóól = 58.943.000 (1. jannerwoi 2026) |Flâakt = 301.338 km² |Besiidelnsdiecht't = 196 inwooners/km² |Grünnen = 1861 |Regäärensföörm = Wp/frs/Parlómentaarsk republik|Parlóment..." 7255824 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/frs/Inf'rmóósjoonsboks Land |Nóóm = Itóóljen |Bild = Flag of Italy.svg |Bildbräed't = 150px |Tóól = [[Wp/frs/Itóóljeensk|Itóóljeensk]] |Hoovdstad = [[Wp/frs/Room|Room]] |Inwoonertóól = 58.943.000 (1. jannerwoi 2026) |Flâakt = 301.338 km² |Besiidelnsdiecht't = 196 inwooners/km² |Grünnen = 1861 |Regäärensföörm = [[Wp/frs/Parlómentaarsk republik|Parlómentaarsk republik]] }} '''Itóóljen''' (itóóljeensk ''Italia''), amtelk däi '''Itóóljeensk Republik''', is 'n stóót in [[Wp/frs/Süüdeuropó|Süüdeuropó]]. Mit bold 59 miljoonen inwooners is dat äien fan däi befolkensrîikst lâan fan [[Wp/frs/Europó|Europó]]. Hoovdstad un befolkensrîikst stad is [[Wp/frs/Room|Room]]; dat wichtiğst wirtskafts- un finanstsentrum is Milaan. Up d' 1. jannerwoi 2026 haar dat land r.w. 58,9 miljoonen inwooners.<ref name="Istat">[https://www.istat.it/en/press-release/demographic-indicators-year-2025/ Demographic Indicators – Year 2025.] Istat, 31. meert 2026, ofraupen up d' 19. julii 2026 (engelsk).</ref> Dat itóóljeensk stóótsgebiit liğt grootendäils up dat Apenninenhalfailand, wat fan drei kanten döör d' [[Wp/frs/Middellandsk Säj|Middellandsk Säj]] umgeeven is, as ook up däi flâakt in Noorditóóljen un in d' süüdelk Alpen. D'r tau höörent däi grôot ailâan [[Wp/frs/Sisiilien|Sisiilien]] un [[Wp/frs/Sardiinien|Sardiinien]] as ook 'n büelt lütjerder ailâan. Itóóljen het grensen mit [[Wp/frs/Frankriik|Frankriik]], däi [[Wp/frs/Swiits|Swiits]], [[Wp/frs/Öösterriik|Öösterriik]] un [[Wp/frs/Sloweenien|Sloweenien]]. Däi lütje stóóten [[Wp/frs/San Marino|San Marino]] un [[Wp/frs/Watikóónstad|Watikóónstad]] bünt häilundal fan Itóóljen umgeeven. Itóóljen het fööl wichtiğ biidróógen an dat kultüräel un histoorsk aarvdaum fan Europó móókt. In d' [[Wp/frs/Antîik|antîik]] was dat däi hoovdregjoon fan dat [[Wp/frs/Roomsk Riik|Roomsk Riik]]. Room is siit dat äen fan d' antîik äien fan däi wichtiğst tsentren fan dat [[Wp/frs/Kristendaum|kristendaum]]. Däi Toskanó un däi waleer eksistäärend itóóljeensk stadstóóten wassent dat hoovdgebiit fan d' [[Wp/frs/Renaissance|Renaissance]]. 1861 wur däi fandóóğsk nóósjoonóólstóót grünt; siit 1946 is Itóóljen 'n republik. == Geogróófii == Itóóljen ferstrekt sük fan d' Alpen in 't noord bit wiid in d' Middellandsk Säj in 't süüd. Däi Alpen bildent grootendäils däi noordelk gräens. Tüsken däi Alpen un däi Apenninen liğt däi Po-flâakt, wor däi [[Wp/frs/Po|Po]] un fööl fan siin biiäjen döör fläitent. Däi Apenninen ferstrekkent sük oover hóóst däi häiel läengt fan dat halfailand. Däi küest is oover 7000 km lang. Bii Itóóljen höörent teegen Sisiilien un Sardiinien ook fööl lütjerder ailandgruppen. Dat gift meerder wulkóónen, däi noch uutbreeken köönent, d'r unner däi Etnó, Strombolii un Wesuwius. Dat gift ook fóók eerdbeevens, um dat Itóóljen up d' gräens fan däi geolooğsk plóóten liğt. Dat kliimó is ofhangend fan däi regjoon läip ferskeelend. In d' Alpen gift dat 'n baarğkliimó, in d' Po-flâakt 'n fucht, móótiğt kliimó un up däi halfailâan un ailâan f'râal 'n middellandsk kliimó mit wâarm, drööeğ sömmers un miel winters mit fööl reegen. == Befolken un kultüer == Däi mäiest inwooners fan Itóóljen bünt Itóóljeeners. Däi offisjäel tóól is [[Wp/frs/Itóóljeensk|Itóóljeensk]]. In wat regjoonen wordent ook [[Wp/frs/Düütsk|Düütsk]], [[Wp/frs/Fransk|Fransk]], [[Wp/frs/Sloweensk|Sloweensk]], [[Wp/frs/Sardiinsk|Sardiinsk]] un anner regjoonóóel tóólen proot't. Däi grôotst däil fan 't befolken leevt in steeden un baalensruumen, f'râal in 't noord un an d' küsten. Däi itóóljeensk kultüer het grôot inflaud up däi europeesk kunst, musik, architektüer, litteróótüer un wäitenskup hat. Room, Florens, Weneediğ, Nóópel un Milaan höörent tau däi bekäentst kultürsteeden fan Europó. Itóóljen is boovendeem bekent um siin kööken, mâaud, film un fööl histoorsk baauwaarken. == Histoorje == In d' antîik leevdent up dat gebiit fan Itóóljen ferskeelend folken, d'r unner Etruskers, Gräiken un Letiiners. Uut däi stad Room undwikkelde sük eerst däi [[Wp/frs/Roomsk Republik|Roomsk Republik]] un lóóter dat [[Wp/frs/Roomsk Riik|Roomsk Riik]], wat oover grôot däilen fan Europó, Noordóófrikó un Westóósien regäärde. Nóó dat äen fan dat Westroomsk Riik was dat halfailand oover fööl jorhunnerten in ferskeelend riiken un stadstóóten updäilt. Fan d' 14. jorhunnert of an begun in itóóljeensk steeden däi [[Wp/frs/Renaissance|Renaissance]], däi kunst, wäitenskup un bilden in Europó düüdelk ferannerde. In 't 19. jorhunnert wurdent däi itóóljeensk lâan in dat Köönenkriik Itóóljen feräint. Däi näej stóót wur 1861 uutraupen; Room kwam 1870 d'r bii. Fan 1922 of an regäärde däi diktóótoor [[Wp/frs/Benito Mussolini|Benito Mussolini]]. Itóóljen trad 1940 up d' siid fan [[Wp/frs/Düütskland|Düütskland]] in d' [[Wp/frs/Twäied Weerldoorlauğ|Twäied Weerldoorlauğ]] in. In 't joer 1946 wur nóó 'n befróógen däi monarchii ofskaft, un Itóóljen wur 'n republik. == Politik un wirtskaft == Itóóljen is 'n parlómentaarsk republik. Dat parlóment bestaajt uut däi Oförntenkóómer un däi Senóót. Dat land is in 20 regjoonen updäilt, wor fiif 'n besünner aautonôom stóótus fan hebbent. Itóóljen is 'n grünnenslid fan d' [[Wp/frs/Europeesk Unjoon|Europeesk Unjoon]] un däi [[Wp/frs/NATO|NATO]] un höört ook tau d' [[Wp/frs/Feräint Nóósjoonen|Feräint Nóósjoonen]], däi G7 un däi G20. Dat is äien fan däi grôotst folkswirtskaften fan Europó. Wichtiğ rebäiten bünt industrii, densten un landwirtskaft. Boovendeem besöykent elker joer fööl miljoonen minsken dat land. Dat hoovdgebiit fan d' industrii liğt in 't noord, wiilst däi süüdelk däilen wirtskaftelk swakker bünt. == Wellen == [[Category:Wp/frs]] azg48gli2hppcjtfa72w52huwwyfn8o 7255825 7255824 2026-07-19T19:01:11Z VanModers 2551723 7255825 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/frs/Inf'rmóósjoonsboks Land |Nóóm = Itóóljen |Bild = Flag of Italy.svg |Bildbräed't = 150px |Tóól = [[Wp/frs/Itóóljeensk|Itóóljeensk]] |Hoovdstad = [[Wp/frs/Room|Room]] |Inwoonertóól = 58.943.000 (1. jannerwoi 2026) |Flâakt = 301.338 km² |Besiidelnsdiecht't = 196 inwooners/km² |Grünnen = 1861 |Regäärensföörm = [[Wp/frs/Parlómentaarsk republik|Parlómentaarsk republik]] }} '''Itóóljen''' (itóóljeensk ''Italia''), amtelk däi '''Itóóljeensk Republik''', is 'n stóót in [[Wp/frs/Süüdeuropó|Süüdeuropó]]. Mit bold 59 miljoonen inwooners is dat äien fan däi befolkensrîikst lâan fan [[Wp/frs/Europó|Europó]]. Hoovdstad un befolkensrîikst stad is [[Wp/frs/Room|Room]]; dat wichtiğst wirtskafts- un finanstsentrum is Milaan. Up d' 1. jannerwoi 2026 haar dat land r.w. 58,9 miljoonen inwooners.<ref name="Istat">[https://www.istat.it/en/press-release/demographic-indicators-year-2025/ Demographic Indicators – Year 2025.] Istat, 31. meert 2026, ofraupen up d' 19. julii 2026 (engelsk).</ref> Dat itóóljeensk stóótsgebiit liğt grootendäils up dat Apenninenhalfailand, wat fan drei kanten döör d' [[Wp/frs/Middellandsk Säj|Middellandsk Säj]] umgeeven is, as ook up däi flâakt in Noorditóóljen un in d' süüdelk Alpen. D'r tau höörent däi grôot ailâan [[Wp/frs/Sisiilien|Sisiilien]] un [[Wp/frs/Sardiinien|Sardiinien]] as ook 'n büelt lütjerder ailâan. Itóóljen het grensen mit [[Wp/frs/Frankriik|Frankriik]], däi [[Wp/frs/Swiits|Swiits]], [[Wp/frs/Öösterriik|Öösterriik]] un [[Wp/frs/Sloweenien|Sloweenien]]. Däi lütje stóóten [[Wp/frs/San Marino|San Marino]] un [[Wp/frs/Watikóónstad|Watikóónstad]] bünt häilundal fan Itóóljen umgeeven. Itóóljen het fööl wichtiğ biidróógen an dat kultüräel un histoorsk aarvdaum fan Europó móókt. In d' [[Wp/frs/Antîik|antîik]] was dat däi hoovdregjoon fan dat [[Wp/frs/Roomsk Riik|Roomsk Riik]]. Room is siit dat äen fan d' antîik äien fan däi wichtiğst tsentren fan dat [[Wp/frs/Kristendaum|kristendaum]]. Däi Toskanó un däi waleer eksistäärend itóóljeensk stadstóóten wassent dat hoovdgebiit fan d' [[Wp/frs/Renaissance|Renaissance]]. 1861 wur däi fandóóğsk nóósjoonóólstóót grünt; siit 1946 is Itóóljen 'n republik. == Geogróófii == Itóóljen ferstrekt sük fan d' Alpen in 't noord bit wiid in d' Middellandsk Säj in 't süüd. Däi Alpen bildent grootendäils däi noordelk gräens. Tüsken däi Alpen un däi Apenninen liğt däi Po-flâakt, wor däi [[Wp/frs/Po|Po]] un fööl fan siin biiäjen döör fläitent. Däi Apenninen ferstrekkent sük oover hóóst däi häiel läengt fan dat halfailand. Däi küest is oover 7000 km lang. Bii Itóóljen höörent teegen Sisiilien un Sardiinien ook fööl lütjerder ailandgruppen. Dat gift meerder wulkóónen, däi noch uutbreeken köönent, d'r unner däi Etnó, Strombolii un Wesuwius. Dat gift ook fóók eerdbeevens, um dat Itóóljen up d' gräens fan däi geolooğsk plóóten liğt. Dat kliimó is ofhangend fan däi regjoon läip ferskeelend. In d' Alpen gift dat 'n baarğkliimó, in d' Po-flâakt 'n fucht, móótiğt kliimó un up däi halfailâan un ailâan f'râal 'n middellandsk kliimó mit wâarm, drööeğ sömmers un miel winters mit fööl reegen. == Befolken un kultüer == Däi mäiest inwooners fan Itóóljen bünt Itóóljeeners. Däi offisjäel tóól is [[Wp/frs/Itóóljeensk|Itóóljeensk]]. In wat regjoonen wordent ook [[Wp/frs/Düütsk|Düütsk]], [[Wp/frs/Fransk|Fransk]], [[Wp/frs/Sloweensk|Sloweensk]], [[Wp/frs/Sardiinsk|Sardiinsk]] un anner regjoonóóel tóólen proot't. Däi grôotst däil fan 't befolken leevt in steeden un baalensruumen, f'râal in 't noord un an d' küsten. Däi itóóljeensk kultüer het grôot inflaud up däi europeesk kunst, musik, architektüer, litteróótüer un wäitenskup hat. Room, Florens, Weneediğ, Nóópel un Milaan höörent tau däi bekäentst kultürsteeden fan Europó. Itóóljen is boovendeem bekent um siin kööken, mâaud, film un fööl histoorsk baauwaarken. == Histoorje == In d' antîik leevdent up dat gebiit fan Itóóljen ferskeelend folken, d'r unner Etruskers, Gräiken un Letiiners. Uut däi stad Room undwikkelde sük eerst däi [[Wp/frs/Roomsk Republik|Roomsk Republik]] un lóóter dat [[Wp/frs/Roomsk Riik|Roomsk Riik]], wat oover grôot däilen fan Europó, Noordóófrikó un Westóósien regäärde. Nóó dat äen fan dat Westroomsk Riik was dat halfailand oover fööl jorhunnerten in ferskeelend riiken un stadstóóten updäilt. Fan d' 14. jorhunnert of an begun in itóóljeensk steeden däi [[Wp/frs/Renaissance|Renaissance]], däi kunst, wäitenskup un bilden in Europó düüdelk ferannerde. In 't 19. jorhunnert wurdent däi itóóljeensk lâan in dat Köönenkriik Itóóljen feräint. Däi näej stóót wur 1861 uutraupen; Room kwam 1870 d'r bii. Fan 1922 of an regäärde däi diktóótoor [[Wp/frs/Benito Mussolini|Benito Mussolini]]. Itóóljen trad 1940 up d' siid fan [[Wp/frs/Düütskland|Düütskland]] in d' [[Wp/frs/Twäied Weerldoorlauğ|Twäied Weerldoorlauğ]] in. In 't joer 1946 wur nóó 'n befróógen däi monarchii ofskaft, un Itóóljen wur 'n republik. == Politik un wirtskaft == Itóóljen is 'n parlómentaarsk republik. Dat parlóment bestaajt uut däi Oförntenkóómer un däi Senóót. Dat land is in 20 regjoonen updäilt, wor fiif 'n besünner aautonôom stóótus fan hebbent. Itóóljen is 'n grünnenslid fan d' [[Wp/frs/Europeesk Unjoon|Europeesk Unjoon]] un däi [[Wp/frs/NATO|NATO]] un höört ook tau d' [[Wp/frs/Feräint Nóósjoonen|Feräint Nóósjoonen]], däi G7 un däi G20. Dat is äien fan däi grôotst folkswirtskaften fan Europó. Wichtiğ rebäiten bünt industrii, densten un landwirtskaft. Boovendeem besöykent elker joer fööl miljoonen minsken dat land. Dat hoovdgebiit fan d' industrii liğt in 't noord, wiilst däi süüdelk däilen wirtskaftelk swakker bünt. == Wellen == [[Category:Wp/frs]] <references /> [[Category:Land]] rbu0ltavyyaiiysu2ifjosq337law4o 7255826 7255825 2026-07-19T19:01:28Z VanModers 2551723 Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q38]] 7255826 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/frs/Inf'rmóósjoonsboks Land |Nóóm = Itóóljen |Bild = Flag of Italy.svg |Bildbräed't = 150px |Tóól = [[Wp/frs/Itóóljeensk|Itóóljeensk]] |Hoovdstad = [[Wp/frs/Room|Room]] |Inwoonertóól = 58.943.000 (1. jannerwoi 2026) |Flâakt = 301.338 km² |Besiidelnsdiecht't = 196 inwooners/km² |Grünnen = 1861 |Regäärensföörm = [[Wp/frs/Parlómentaarsk republik|Parlómentaarsk republik]] }} '''Itóóljen''' (itóóljeensk ''Italia''), amtelk däi '''Itóóljeensk Republik''', is 'n stóót in [[Wp/frs/Süüdeuropó|Süüdeuropó]]. Mit bold 59 miljoonen inwooners is dat äien fan däi befolkensrîikst lâan fan [[Wp/frs/Europó|Europó]]. Hoovdstad un befolkensrîikst stad is [[Wp/frs/Room|Room]]; dat wichtiğst wirtskafts- un finanstsentrum is Milaan. Up d' 1. jannerwoi 2026 haar dat land r.w. 58,9 miljoonen inwooners.<ref name="Istat">[https://www.istat.it/en/press-release/demographic-indicators-year-2025/ Demographic Indicators – Year 2025.] Istat, 31. meert 2026, ofraupen up d' 19. julii 2026 (engelsk).</ref> Dat itóóljeensk stóótsgebiit liğt grootendäils up dat Apenninenhalfailand, wat fan drei kanten döör d' [[Wp/frs/Middellandsk Säj|Middellandsk Säj]] umgeeven is, as ook up däi flâakt in Noorditóóljen un in d' süüdelk Alpen. D'r tau höörent däi grôot ailâan [[Wp/frs/Sisiilien|Sisiilien]] un [[Wp/frs/Sardiinien|Sardiinien]] as ook 'n büelt lütjerder ailâan. Itóóljen het grensen mit [[Wp/frs/Frankriik|Frankriik]], däi [[Wp/frs/Swiits|Swiits]], [[Wp/frs/Öösterriik|Öösterriik]] un [[Wp/frs/Sloweenien|Sloweenien]]. Däi lütje stóóten [[Wp/frs/San Marino|San Marino]] un [[Wp/frs/Watikóónstad|Watikóónstad]] bünt häilundal fan Itóóljen umgeeven. Itóóljen het fööl wichtiğ biidróógen an dat kultüräel un histoorsk aarvdaum fan Europó móókt. In d' [[Wp/frs/Antîik|antîik]] was dat däi hoovdregjoon fan dat [[Wp/frs/Roomsk Riik|Roomsk Riik]]. Room is siit dat äen fan d' antîik äien fan däi wichtiğst tsentren fan dat [[Wp/frs/Kristendaum|kristendaum]]. Däi Toskanó un däi waleer eksistäärend itóóljeensk stadstóóten wassent dat hoovdgebiit fan d' [[Wp/frs/Renaissance|Renaissance]]. 1861 wur däi fandóóğsk nóósjoonóólstóót grünt; siit 1946 is Itóóljen 'n republik. == Geogróófii == Itóóljen ferstrekt sük fan d' Alpen in 't noord bit wiid in d' Middellandsk Säj in 't süüd. Däi Alpen bildent grootendäils däi noordelk gräens. Tüsken däi Alpen un däi Apenninen liğt däi Po-flâakt, wor däi [[Wp/frs/Po|Po]] un fööl fan siin biiäjen döör fläitent. Däi Apenninen ferstrekkent sük oover hóóst däi häiel läengt fan dat halfailand. Däi küest is oover 7000 km lang. Bii Itóóljen höörent teegen Sisiilien un Sardiinien ook fööl lütjerder ailandgruppen. Dat gift meerder wulkóónen, däi noch uutbreeken köönent, d'r unner däi Etnó, Strombolii un Wesuwius. Dat gift ook fóók eerdbeevens, um dat Itóóljen up d' gräens fan däi geolooğsk plóóten liğt. Dat kliimó is ofhangend fan däi regjoon läip ferskeelend. In d' Alpen gift dat 'n baarğkliimó, in d' Po-flâakt 'n fucht, móótiğt kliimó un up däi halfailâan un ailâan f'râal 'n middellandsk kliimó mit wâarm, drööeğ sömmers un miel winters mit fööl reegen. == Befolken un kultüer == Däi mäiest inwooners fan Itóóljen bünt Itóóljeeners. Däi offisjäel tóól is [[Wp/frs/Itóóljeensk|Itóóljeensk]]. In wat regjoonen wordent ook [[Wp/frs/Düütsk|Düütsk]], [[Wp/frs/Fransk|Fransk]], [[Wp/frs/Sloweensk|Sloweensk]], [[Wp/frs/Sardiinsk|Sardiinsk]] un anner regjoonóóel tóólen proot't. Däi grôotst däil fan 't befolken leevt in steeden un baalensruumen, f'râal in 't noord un an d' küsten. Däi itóóljeensk kultüer het grôot inflaud up däi europeesk kunst, musik, architektüer, litteróótüer un wäitenskup hat. Room, Florens, Weneediğ, Nóópel un Milaan höörent tau däi bekäentst kultürsteeden fan Europó. Itóóljen is boovendeem bekent um siin kööken, mâaud, film un fööl histoorsk baauwaarken. == Histoorje == In d' antîik leevdent up dat gebiit fan Itóóljen ferskeelend folken, d'r unner Etruskers, Gräiken un Letiiners. Uut däi stad Room undwikkelde sük eerst däi [[Wp/frs/Roomsk Republik|Roomsk Republik]] un lóóter dat [[Wp/frs/Roomsk Riik|Roomsk Riik]], wat oover grôot däilen fan Europó, Noordóófrikó un Westóósien regäärde. Nóó dat äen fan dat Westroomsk Riik was dat halfailand oover fööl jorhunnerten in ferskeelend riiken un stadstóóten updäilt. Fan d' 14. jorhunnert of an begun in itóóljeensk steeden däi [[Wp/frs/Renaissance|Renaissance]], däi kunst, wäitenskup un bilden in Europó düüdelk ferannerde. In 't 19. jorhunnert wurdent däi itóóljeensk lâan in dat Köönenkriik Itóóljen feräint. Däi näej stóót wur 1861 uutraupen; Room kwam 1870 d'r bii. Fan 1922 of an regäärde däi diktóótoor [[Wp/frs/Benito Mussolini|Benito Mussolini]]. Itóóljen trad 1940 up d' siid fan [[Wp/frs/Düütskland|Düütskland]] in d' [[Wp/frs/Twäied Weerldoorlauğ|Twäied Weerldoorlauğ]] in. In 't joer 1946 wur nóó 'n befróógen däi monarchii ofskaft, un Itóóljen wur 'n republik. == Politik un wirtskaft == Itóóljen is 'n parlómentaarsk republik. Dat parlóment bestaajt uut däi Oförntenkóómer un däi Senóót. Dat land is in 20 regjoonen updäilt, wor fiif 'n besünner aautonôom stóótus fan hebbent. Itóóljen is 'n grünnenslid fan d' [[Wp/frs/Europeesk Unjoon|Europeesk Unjoon]] un däi [[Wp/frs/NATO|NATO]] un höört ook tau d' [[Wp/frs/Feräint Nóósjoonen|Feräint Nóósjoonen]], däi G7 un däi G20. Dat is äien fan däi grôotst folkswirtskaften fan Europó. Wichtiğ rebäiten bünt industrii, densten un landwirtskaft. Boovendeem besöykent elker joer fööl miljoonen minsken dat land. Dat hoovdgebiit fan d' industrii liğt in 't noord, wiilst däi süüdelk däilen wirtskaftelk swakker bünt. == Wellen == [[Category:Wp/frs]] <references /> [[Category:Land]] {{INTERWIKI|Q38}} 2vthxj3a2r7namcs7pkbgw29wueblwq 7255845 7255826 2026-07-19T19:53:00Z WikiFayo95 2609576 7255845 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/frs/Inf'rmóósjoonsboks Land |Nóóm = Itóóljen |Bild = Flag of Italy.svg |Bildbräed't = 150px |Tóól = [[Wp/frs/Itóóljeensk|Itóóljeensk]] |Hoovdstad = [[Wp/frs/Room|Room]] |Inwoonertóól = 58.943.000 (1. jannerwoi 2026) |Flâakt = 301.338 km² |Besiidelnsdiecht't = 196 inwooners/km² |Grünnen = 1861 |Regäärensföörm = [[Wp/frs/Parlómentaarsk republik|Parlómentaarsk republik]] }} '''Itóóljen''' (itóóljeensk ''Italia''), amtelk däi '''Itóóljeensk Republik''', is 'n stóót in [[Wp/frs/Süüdeuropó|Süüdeuropó]]. Mit bold 59 miljoonen inwooners is dat äien fan däi befolkensrîikst lâan fan [[Wp/frs/Europó|Europó]]. Hoovdstad un befolkensrîikst stad is [[Wp/frs/Room|Room]]; dat wichtiğst wirtskafts- un finanstsentrum is Milaan. Up d' 1. jannerwoi 2026 haar dat land r.w. 58,9 miljoonen inwooners.<ref name="Istat">[https://www.istat.it/en/press-release/demographic-indicators-year-2025/ Demographic Indicators – Year 2025.] Istat, 31. meert 2026, ofraupen up d' 19. julii 2026 (engelsk).</ref> Dat itóóljeensk stóótsgebiit liğt grootendäils up dat Apenninenhalfailand, wat fan drei kanten döör d' [[Wp/frs/Middellandsk Säj|Middellandsk Säj]] umgeeven is, as ook up däi flâakt in Noorditóóljen un in d' süüdelk Alpen. D'r tau höörent däi grôot ailâan [[Wp/frs/Sisiilien|Sisiilien]] un [[Wp/frs/Sardiinien|Sardiinien]] as ook 'n büelt lütjerder ailâan. Itóóljen het grensen mit [[Wp/frs/Frankriik|Frankriik]], däi [[Wp/frs/Swiits|Swiits]], [[Wp/frs/Öösterriik|Öösterriik]] un [[Wp/frs/Sloweenien|Sloweenien]]. Däi lütje stóóten [[Wp/frs/San Marino|San Marino]] un [[Wp/frs/Watikóónstad|Watikóónstad]] bünt häilundal fan Itóóljen umgeeven. Itóóljen het fööl wichtiğ biidróógen tau dat kultüräel un histoorsk aarvdaum fan Europó laist't. In d' [[Wp/frs/Antîik|antîik]] was dat däi hoovdregjoon fan dat [[Wp/frs/Roomsk Riik|Roomsk Riik]]. Room is siit dat äen fan d' antîik äien fan däi wichtiğst tsentren fan dat [[Wp/frs/Kristendaum|kristendaum]]. Däi Toskanó un däi waleer eksistäärend itóóljeensk stadstóóten wassent dat hoovdgebiit fan d' [[Wp/frs/Renaissance|Renaissance]]. 1861 wur däi fandóóğsk nóósjoonóólstóót grünt; siit 1946 is Itóóljen 'n republik. == Geogróófii == Itóóljen ferstrekt sük fan d' Alpen in 't noord bit wiid in d' Middellandsk Säj in 't süüd. Däi Alpen bildent grootendäils däi noordelk gräens. Tüsken däi Alpen un däi Apenninen liğt däi Po-Flâakt, wor däi [[Wp/frs/Po|Po]] un fööl fan siin biiäjen döör fläitent. Däi Apenninen ferstrekkent sük oover hóóst däi häiel läengt fan dat halfailand. Däi küest is oover 7000 km lang. Bii Itóóljen höörent teegen Sisiilien un Sardiinien ook fööl lütjerder ailandgruppen. Dat gift meerder wulkóónen, däi noch uutbreeken köönent, d'r unner däi Etnó, Stromboli un Wesuwius. Dat gift ook fóók eerdbeevens, um dat Itóóljen up d' gräens fan däi geolooğsk plóóten liğt. Dat kliimó is ofhangend fan däi regjoon läip ferskeelend. In d' Alpen gift dat 'n baarğkliimó, in d' Po-Flâakt 'n fucht, móótiğt kliimó un up däi halfailâan un ailâan f'râal 'n mediterróóen kliimó mit wâarm, drööeğ sömmers un miel winters mit fööl reegen. == Befolken un kultüer == Däi mäiest inwooners fan Itóóljen bünt Itóóljeeners. Däi offisjäel tóól is [[Wp/frs/Itóóljeensk|Itóóljeensk]]. In wat regjoonen wordent ook [[Wp/frs/Düütsk|Düütsk]], [[Wp/frs/Fransk|Fransk]], [[Wp/frs/Sloweensk|Sloweensk]], [[Wp/frs/Sardiinsk|Sardiinsk]] un anner regjoonóóel tóólen proot't. Däi grôotst däil fan 't befolken leevt in steeden un baalensruumen, f'râal in 't noord un an d' küsten. Däi itóóljeensk kultüer het grôot inflaud up däi europeesk kunst, musik, architektüer, litteróótüer un wäitenskup hat. Room, Florens, Weneediğ, Nóópel un Mailand höörent tau däi bekentst kultürsteeden fan Europó. Itóóljen is boovendeem bekent um siin kööken, mâaud, film un fööl histoorsk baauwaarken. == Histoorje == In d' antîik leevdent up dat gebiit fan Itóóljen ferskeelend folken, d'r unner Etruskers, Gräiken un Letiiners. Uut däi stad Room undwikkelde sük eerst däi [[Wp/frs/Roomsk Republik|Roomsk Republik]] un lóóter dat [[Wp/frs/Roomsk Riik|Roomsk Riik]], wat oover grôot däilen fan Europó, Noordóófrikó un Westóósien regäärde. Nóó dat äen fan dat Westroomsk Riik was dat halfailand oover fööl jorhunnerten in ferskeelend riiken un stadstóóten updäilt. Fan d' 14. jorhunnert of an begun in itóóljeensk steeden däi [[Wp/frs/Renaissance|Renaissance]], däi kunst, wäitenskup un bilden in Europó düüdelk ferannerde. In 't 19. jorhunnert wurdent däi itóóljeensk lâan in dat Köönenkriik Itóóljen feräint. Däi näej stóót wur 1861 uutraupen; Room kwam 1870 d'r bii. Fan 1922 of an regäärde däi diktóótoor [[Wp/frs/Benito Mussolini|Benito Mussolini]]. Itóóljen trad 1940 up d' siid fan [[Wp/frs/Düütskland|Düütskland]] in d' [[Wp/frs/Twäied Weerldoorlauğ|Twäied Weerldoorlauğ]] in. In 't joer 1946 wur nóó 'n befróógen däi monarchii ofskaft, un Itóóljen wur 'n republik. == Politik un wirtskaft == Itóóljen is 'n parlómentaarsk republik. Dat parlóment bestaajt uut däi Oförntenkóómer un däi Senóót. Dat land is in 20 regjoonen updäilt, wor fiif 'n besünner aautonôom stóótus fan hebbent. Itóóljen is 'n grünnenslid fan d' [[Wp/frs/Europeesk Unjoon|Europeesk Unjoon]] un däi [[Wp/frs/NATO|NATO]] un höört ook tau d' [[Wp/frs/Feräint Nóósjoonen|Feräint Nóósjoonen]], däi G7 un däi G20. Dat is äien fan däi grôotst folkswirtskaften fan Europó. Wichtiğ rebäiten bünt industrii, densten un landwirtskaft. Boovendeem besöykent elker joer fööl miljoonen minsken dat land. Dat hoovdgebiit fan d' industrii liğt in 't noord, wiilst däi süüdelk däilen wirtskaftelk swakker bünt. == Wellen == [[Category:Wp/frs]] <references /> [[Category:Wp/frs/Land]] {{INTERWIKI|Q38}} 5nfqe1bnige379683n7ugx42n0gu8g9 7255846 7255845 2026-07-19T19:57:12Z WikiFayo95 2609576 7255846 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/frs/Inf'rmóósjoonsboks Land |Nóóm = Itóóljen |Bild = Flag of Italy.svg |Bildbräed't = 150px |Tóól = [[Wp/frs/Itóóljeensk|Itóóljeensk]] |Hoovdstad = [[Wp/frs/Room|Room]] |Inwoonertóól = 58.943.000 (1. jannerwoi 2026) |Flâakt = 301.338 km² |Besiidelnsdiecht't = 196 inwooners/km² |Grünnen = 1861 |Regäärensföörm = [[Wp/frs/Parlómentaarsk republik|Parlómentaarsk republik]] }} '''Itóóljen''' (itóóljeensk ''Italia''), amtelk däi '''Itóóljeensk Republik''', is 'n stóót in [[Wp/frs/Süüdeuropó|Süüdeuropó]]. Mit bold 59 miljoonen inwooners is dat äien fan däi befolkensrîikst lâan fan [[Wp/frs/Europó|Europó]]. Hoovdstad un befolkensrîikst stad is [[Wp/frs/Room|Room]]; dat wichtiğst wirtskafts- un finanstsentrum is Milaan. Up d' 1. jannerwoi 2026 haar dat land r.w. 58,9 miljoonen inwooners.<ref name="Istat">[https://www.istat.it/en/press-release/demographic-indicators-year-2025/ Demographic Indicators – Year 2025.] Istat, 31. meert 2026, ofraupen up d' 19. julii 2026 (engelsk).</ref> Dat itóóljeensk stóótsgebiit liğt grootendäils up dat Apenninenhalfailand, wat fan drei kanten döör d' [[Wp/frs/Middellandsk Säj|Middellandsk Säj]] umgeeven is, as ook up däi flâakt in Noorditóóljen un in d' süüdelk Alpen. D'r tau höörent däi grôot ailâan [[Wp/frs/Sisiilien|Sisiilien]] un [[Wp/frs/Sardiinien|Sardiinien]] as ook 'n büelt lütjerder ailâan. Itóóljen het grensen mit [[Wp/frs/Frankriik|Frankriik]], däi [[Wp/frs/Swiits|Swiits]], [[Wp/frs/Öösterriik|Öösterriik]] un [[Wp/frs/Sloweenien|Sloweenien]]. Däi lütje stóóten [[Wp/frs/San Marino|San Marino]] un [[Wp/frs/Watikóónstad|Watikóónstad]] bünt häilundal fan Itóóljen umgeeven. Itóóljen het fööl wichtiğ biidróógen tau dat kultüräel un histoorsk aarvdaum fan Europó laist't. In d' [[Wp/frs/Antîik|antîik]] was dat däi hoovdregjoon fan dat [[Wp/frs/Roomsk Riik|Roomsk Riik]]. Room is siit dat äen fan d' antîik äien fan däi wichtiğst tsentren fan dat [[Wp/frs/Kristendaum|kristendaum]]. Däi Toskanó un däi waleer eksistäärend itóóljeensk stadstóóten wassent dat hoovdgebiit fan d' [[Wp/frs/Renaissance|Renaissance]]. 1861 wur däi fandóóğsk nóósjoonóólstóót grünt; siit 1946 is Itóóljen 'n republik. == Geogróófii == Itóóljen ferstrekt sük fan d' Alpen in 't noord bit wiid in d' Middellandsk Säj in 't süüd. Däi Alpen bildent grootendäils däi noordelk gräens. Tüsken däi Alpen un däi Apenninen liğt däi Po-Flâakt, wor däi [[Wp/frs/Po|Po]] un fööl fan siin biiäjen döör fläitent. Däi Apenninen ferstrekkent sük oover hóóst däi häiel läengt fan dat halfailand. Däi küest is oover 7000 km lang. Bii Itóóljen höörent teegen Sisiilien un Sardiinien ook fööl lütjerder ailandgruppen. Dat gift meerder wulkóónen, däi noch uutbreeken köönent, d'r unner däi Etnó, Stromboli un Wesuwius. Dat gift ook fóók eerdbeevens, um dat Itóóljen up d' gräens fan däi geolooğsk plóóten liğt. Dat kliimó is ofhangend fan däi regjoon läip ferskeelend. In d' Alpen gift dat 'n baarğkliimó, in d' Po-Flâakt 'n fucht, móótiğt kliimó un up däi halfailâan un ailâan f'râal 'n mediterróóen kliimó mit wâarm, drööeğ sömmers un miel winters mit fööl reegen. == Befolken un kultüer == Däi mäiest inwooners fan Itóóljen bünt Itóóljeeners. Däi offisjäel tóól is [[Wp/frs/Itóóljeensk|Itóóljeensk]]. In wat regjoonen wordent ook [[Wp/frs/Düütsk|Düütsk]], [[Wp/frs/Fransk|Fransk]], [[Wp/frs/Sloweensk|Sloweensk]], [[Wp/frs/Sardiinsk|Sardiinsk]] un anner regjoonóóel tóólen proot't. Däi grôotst däil fan 't befolken leevt in steeden un baalensruumen, f'râal in 't noord un an d' küsten. Däi itóóljeensk kultüer het grôot inflaud up däi europeesk kunst, musik, architektüer, litteróótüer un wäitenskup hat. Room, Florens, Weneediğ, Nóópel un Mailand höörent tau däi bekentst kultürsteeden fan Europó. Itóóljen is boovendeem bekent um siin kööken, mâaud, film un fööl histoorsk baauwaarken. == Histoorje == In d' antîik leevdent up dat gebiit fan Itóóljen ferskeelend folken, d'r unner Etruskers, Gräiken un Letiiners. Uut däi stad Room undwikkelde sük eerst däi [[Wp/frs/Roomsk Republik|Roomsk Republik]] un lóóter dat [[Wp/frs/Roomsk Riik|Roomsk Riik]], wat oover grôot däilen fan Europó, Noordóófrikó un Westóósien regäärde. Nóó dat äen fan dat Westroomsk Riik was dat halfailand oover fööl jorhunnerten in ferskeelend riiken un stadstóóten updäilt. Fan d' 14. jorhunnert of an begun in itóóljeensk steeden däi [[Wp/frs/Renaissance|Renaissance]], däi künst, wäitenskup un bilden in Europó düüdelk ferannerde. In 't 19. jorhunnert wurdent däi itóóljeensk lâan in dat Köönenkriik Itóóljen feräint. Däi näej stóót wur 1861 uutraupen; Room kwam 1870 d'r bii. Fan 1922 of an regäärde däi diktóótoor [[Wp/frs/Benito Mussolini|Benito Mussolini]]. Itóóljen trad 1940 up d' siid fan [[Wp/frs/Düütskland|Düütskland]] in d' [[Wp/frs/Twäied Weerldoorlauğ|Twäied Weerldoorlauğ]] in. In 't joer 1946 wur nóó 'n befróógen däi monarchii ofskaft, un Itóóljen wur 'n republik. == Politik un wirtskaft == Itóóljen is 'n parlómentaarsk republik. Dat parlóment bestaajt uut däi Oförntenkóómer un däi Senóót. Dat land is in 20 regjoonen updäilt, wor fiif 'n besünner aautonôom stóótus fan hebbent. Itóóljen is 'n grünnenslid fan d' [[Wp/frs/Europeesk Unjoon|Europeesk Unjoon]] un däi [[Wp/frs/NATO|NATO]] un höört ook tau d' [[Wp/frs/Feräint Nóósjoonen|Feräint Nóósjoonen]], däi G7 un däi G20. Dat is äien fan däi grôotst folkswirtskaften fan Europó. Wichtiğ rebäiten bünt industrii, densten un landwirtskaft. Boovendeem besöykent elker joer fööl miljoonen minsken dat land. Dat hoovdgebiit fan d' industrii liğt in 't noord, wiilst däi süüdelk däilen wirtskaftelk swakker bünt. == Wellen == [[Category:Wp/frs]] <references /> [[Category:Wp/frs/Land]] {{INTERWIKI|Q38}} grd8bonj7137qzedr3kscodg3hurxio 7255847 7255846 2026-07-19T19:57:48Z WikiFayo95 2609576 7255847 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/frs/Inf'rmóósjoonsboks Land |Nóóm = Itóóljen |Bild = Flag of Italy.svg |Bildbräed't = 150px |Tóól = [[Wp/frs/Itóóljeensk|Itóóljeensk]] |Hoovdstad = [[Wp/frs/Room|Room]] |Inwoonertóól = 58.943.000 (1. jannerwoi 2026) |Flâakt = 301.338 km² |Besiidelnsdiecht't = 196 inwooners/km² |Grünnen = 1861 |Regäärensföörm = [[Wp/frs/Parlómentaarsk republik|Parlómentaarsk republik]] }} '''Itóóljen''' (itóóljeensk ''Italia''), amtelk däi '''Itóóljeensk Republik''', is 'n stóót in [[Wp/frs/Süüdeuropó|Süüdeuropó]]. Mit bold 59 miljoonen inwooners is dat äien fan däi befolkensrîikst lâan fan [[Wp/frs/Europó|Europó]]. Hoovdstad un befolkensrîikst stad is [[Wp/frs/Room|Room]]; dat wichtiğst wirtskafts- un finanstsentrum is Mailand. Up d' 1. jannerwoi 2026 haar dat land r.w. 58,9 miljoonen inwooners.<ref name="Istat">[https://www.istat.it/en/press-release/demographic-indicators-year-2025/ Demographic Indicators – Year 2025.] Istat, 31. meert 2026, ofraupen up d' 19. julii 2026 (engelsk).</ref> Dat itóóljeensk stóótsgebiit liğt grootendäils up dat Apenninenhalfailand, wat fan drei kanten döör d' [[Wp/frs/Middellandsk Säj|Middellandsk Säj]] umgeeven is, as ook up däi flâakt in Noorditóóljen un in d' süüdelk Alpen. D'r tau höörent däi grôot ailâan [[Wp/frs/Sisiilien|Sisiilien]] un [[Wp/frs/Sardiinien|Sardiinien]] as ook 'n büelt lütjerder ailâan. Itóóljen het grensen mit [[Wp/frs/Frankriik|Frankriik]], däi [[Wp/frs/Swiits|Swiits]], [[Wp/frs/Öösterriik|Öösterriik]] un [[Wp/frs/Sloweenien|Sloweenien]]. Däi lütje stóóten [[Wp/frs/San Marino|San Marino]] un [[Wp/frs/Watikóónstad|Watikóónstad]] bünt häilundal fan Itóóljen umgeeven. Itóóljen het fööl wichtiğ biidróógen tau dat kultüräel un histoorsk aarvdaum fan Europó laist't. In d' [[Wp/frs/Antîik|antîik]] was dat däi hoovdregjoon fan dat [[Wp/frs/Roomsk Riik|Roomsk Riik]]. Room is siit dat äen fan d' antîik äien fan däi wichtiğst tsentren fan dat [[Wp/frs/Kristendaum|kristendaum]]. Däi Toskanó un däi waleer eksistäärend itóóljeensk stadstóóten wassent dat hoovdgebiit fan d' [[Wp/frs/Renaissance|Renaissance]]. 1861 wur däi fandóóğsk nóósjoonóólstóót grünt; siit 1946 is Itóóljen 'n republik. == Geogróófii == Itóóljen ferstrekt sük fan d' Alpen in 't noord bit wiid in d' Middellandsk Säj in 't süüd. Däi Alpen bildent grootendäils däi noordelk gräens. Tüsken däi Alpen un däi Apenninen liğt däi Po-Flâakt, wor däi [[Wp/frs/Po|Po]] un fööl fan siin biiäjen döör fläitent. Däi Apenninen ferstrekkent sük oover hóóst däi häiel läengt fan dat halfailand. Däi küest is oover 7000 km lang. Bii Itóóljen höörent teegen Sisiilien un Sardiinien ook fööl lütjerder ailandgruppen. Dat gift meerder wulkóónen, däi noch uutbreeken köönent, d'r unner däi Etnó, Stromboli un Wesuwius. Dat gift ook fóók eerdbeevens, um dat Itóóljen up d' gräens fan däi geolooğsk plóóten liğt. Dat kliimó is ofhangend fan däi regjoon läip ferskeelend. In d' Alpen gift dat 'n baarğkliimó, in d' Po-Flâakt 'n fucht, móótiğt kliimó un up däi halfailâan un ailâan f'râal 'n mediterróóen kliimó mit wâarm, drööeğ sömmers un miel winters mit fööl reegen. == Befolken un kultüer == Däi mäiest inwooners fan Itóóljen bünt Itóóljeeners. Däi offisjäel tóól is [[Wp/frs/Itóóljeensk|Itóóljeensk]]. In wat regjoonen wordent ook [[Wp/frs/Düütsk|Düütsk]], [[Wp/frs/Fransk|Fransk]], [[Wp/frs/Sloweensk|Sloweensk]], [[Wp/frs/Sardiinsk|Sardiinsk]] un anner regjoonóóel tóólen proot't. Däi grôotst däil fan 't befolken leevt in steeden un baalensruumen, f'râal in 't noord un an d' küsten. Däi itóóljeensk kultüer het grôot inflaud up däi europeesk kunst, musik, architektüer, litteróótüer un wäitenskup hat. Room, Florens, Weneediğ, Nóópel un Mailand höörent tau däi bekentst kultürsteeden fan Europó. Itóóljen is boovendeem bekent um siin kööken, mâaud, film un fööl histoorsk baauwaarken. == Histoorje == In d' antîik leevdent up dat gebiit fan Itóóljen ferskeelend folken, d'r unner Etruskers, Gräiken un Letiiners. Uut däi stad Room undwikkelde sük eerst däi [[Wp/frs/Roomsk Republik|Roomsk Republik]] un lóóter dat [[Wp/frs/Roomsk Riik|Roomsk Riik]], wat oover grôot däilen fan Europó, Noordóófrikó un Westóósien regäärde. Nóó dat äen fan dat Westroomsk Riik was dat halfailand oover fööl jorhunnerten in ferskeelend riiken un stadstóóten updäilt. Fan d' 14. jorhunnert of an begun in itóóljeensk steeden däi [[Wp/frs/Renaissance|Renaissance]], däi künst, wäitenskup un bilden in Europó düüdelk ferannerde. In 't 19. jorhunnert wurdent däi itóóljeensk lâan in dat Köönenkriik Itóóljen feräint. Däi näej stóót wur 1861 uutraupen; Room kwam 1870 d'r bii. Fan 1922 of an regäärde däi diktóótoor [[Wp/frs/Benito Mussolini|Benito Mussolini]]. Itóóljen trad 1940 up d' siid fan [[Wp/frs/Düütskland|Düütskland]] in d' [[Wp/frs/Twäied Weerldoorlauğ|Twäied Weerldoorlauğ]] in. In 't joer 1946 wur nóó 'n befróógen däi monarchii ofskaft, un Itóóljen wur 'n republik. == Politik un wirtskaft == Itóóljen is 'n parlómentaarsk republik. Dat parlóment bestaajt uut däi Oförntenkóómer un däi Senóót. Dat land is in 20 regjoonen updäilt, wor fiif 'n besünner aautonôom stóótus fan hebbent. Itóóljen is 'n grünnenslid fan d' [[Wp/frs/Europeesk Unjoon|Europeesk Unjoon]] un däi [[Wp/frs/NATO|NATO]] un höört ook tau d' [[Wp/frs/Feräint Nóósjoonen|Feräint Nóósjoonen]], däi G7 un däi G20. Dat is äien fan däi grôotst folkswirtskaften fan Europó. Wichtiğ rebäiten bünt industrii, densten un landwirtskaft. Boovendeem besöykent elker joer fööl miljoonen minsken dat land. Dat hoovdgebiit fan d' industrii liğt in 't noord, wiilst däi süüdelk däilen wirtskaftelk swakker bünt. == Wellen == [[Category:Wp/frs]] <references /> [[Category:Wp/frs/Land]] {{INTERWIKI|Q38}} h6ahdl8zfqtr6am5fmp8x6yg40luw3a 0 3791611 7255836 2026-07-19T19:37:13Z VanModers 2551723 Created page with "{{Wp/frs/Inf'rmóósjoonsboks Land |Nóóm = Kanóódó |Bild = Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg |Bildbräed't = 150px |Tóól = [[Wp/frs/Engelsk|Engelsk]] un Fransk |Hoovdstad = [[Wp/frs/Ottawa|Ottawa]] |Inwoonertóól = 41.417.056 (1. pril 2026) |Flâakt = 9.984.670 km² |Besiidelnsdiecht't = r.w. 4,1 inwooners/km² |Grünnen = 1. julii 1867 |Regäärensföörm = Föderóóel parlóm..." 7255836 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/frs/Inf'rmóósjoonsboks Land |Nóóm = Kanóódó |Bild = Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg |Bildbräed't = 150px |Tóól = [[Wp/frs/Engelsk|Engelsk]] un Fransk |Hoovdstad = [[Wp/frs/Ottawa|Ottawa]] |Inwoonertóól = 41.417.056 (1. pril 2026) |Flâakt = 9.984.670 km² |Besiidelnsdiecht't = r.w. 4,1 inwooners/km² |Grünnen = 1. julii 1867 |Regäärensföörm = Föderóóel parlómentaarsk [[Wp/frs/Monarchii|monarchii]] }} '''Kanóódó''' ([[Wp/frs/Engelsk|engelsk]] un [[Wp/frs/Fransk|fransk]] ''Canada'') is 'n bundsstóót in [[Wp/frs/Noordamerikó|Noordamerikó]], däi tüsken däi [[Wp/frs/Atlantisk Oseóón|Atlantisk Oseóón]] in 't oost un däi [[Wp/frs/Patsiifik|Patsiifik]] in 't west liğt un sük noordelk bit an d' Arktisk Oseóón ferstrekt. Bundshoovdstad is [[Wp/frs/Ottawa|Ottawa]], däi befolkensrîikst stad is [[Wp/frs/Toronto|Toronto]]. Mit 'n flâakt fan 9.984.670 kwadróótkilomeeter is Kanóódó nóó [[Wp/frs/Rusland|Rusland]] däi twäidgrôotst stóót fan d' [[Wp/frs/Êer|êer]]. Up d' 1. pril 2026 haar dat land 41.417.056 inwooners.<ref name="StatCan">[https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-quotidien/260617/dq260617a-eng.htm Canada's population estimates, first quarter 2026.] Statistics Canada, 17. junii 2026, ofraupen up d' 19. julii 2026 (engelsk).</ref> Um dat dat befolken f'râal in 'n smóóel striip bii d' süüdelk gräens leevt, höört Kanóódó tau däi dünst besiidelt stóóten fan d' weerld. Kanóódó het in 't süüd un noordwest 'n gräens mit däi [[Wp/frs/Feräint Stóóten|Feräint Stóóten]]. Disser stóótsgräens is däi lâangst fan d' weerld. Up dat lütje Hans-Ailand het Kanóódó siit 2022 ook 'n gräens mit dat Köönenkriik [[Wp/frs/Deenmaark|Deenmaark]], wor [[Wp/frs/Gröynland|Gröynland]] bii höört. Kanóódó is 'n köönenkriik binnen dat [[Wp/frs/Commonwealth of Nations|Commonwealth of Nations]] un 'n parlómentaarsk-demokróótsk bundsstóót. [[Wp/frs/Engelsk|Engelsk]] un [[Wp/frs/Fransk|Fransk]] bünt up bundsniwo amtstóólen. == Geogróófii == Kanóódó umfat't däi grôotst däil fan dat noordelk Noordamerikó un fööl ailâan in d' Arktis. Fan west nóó oost bestaajt dat land uut däi patsiifisk küest, däi Rocky Mountains, däi Kanóódsk Skild, däi Grôot Meerten un dat gebiit um däi Sünner-Loorens-Stroom as ook däi atlantisk prowinsen. Däi natüer is läip föölfolliğ. In 't west liegent hôoğ baargen, in d' middent grôot gresflakten un in 't oost fööl meerten un weller. Dat noord bestaajt f'râal uut tundró, stäin un iis. Däi lâangst äj is däi Mackenzie; fööl fan däi grôotst meerten liegent bii däi gräens mit däi Feräint Stóóten. Dat kliimó is ofhangend fan däi regjoon läip ferskeelend. Bii d' patsiifisk küest bünt däi winters mäist mild un fucht. In 't binnenland bünt däi ferskeelen tüsken sömmer un winter fööl grooterder, un in 't noord gelt 'n poolaar kliimó. == Befolken un kultüer == Däi oorsprungelk folken fan Kanóódó bünt däi [[Wp/frs/First Nations|First Nations]], däi [[Wp/frs/Inuit|Inuit]] un däi [[Wp/frs/Métis|Métis]]. Säi hebbent äigen tóólen, kultüren un politisk rechten. Man dat kulonisäären un däi lóóterder stóótelk politik hebbent höör mäinskuppen swor beseert. Däi mäiest inwooners leevent in steeden in 't süüd fan 't land. Däi grôotst steeden bünt Toronto, Montréal, Vancouver, Calgary, Edmonton un Ottawa. [[Wp/frs/Engelsk|Engelsk]] is in däi mäiest prowinsen däi grôotst tóól. In Québec is [[Wp/frs/Fransk|Fransk]] däi offisjäel un mäist proot't tóól; ook in anner däilen fan 't land leevent fööl fransktóóliğ Kanóódiers. Kanóódó is döör inwannern uut fööl däilen fan d' weerld kultürel läip föölfolliğ. Dat land het 'n grôot engelsk- un fransktóóliğ litteróótüer, musik- un filmkultüer. Iishockey gelt as äien fan däi wichtiğst sporten. == Histoorje == Däi First Nations besiideldent dat gebiit fan Kanóódó al fööer oover 12.000 joren; däi [[Wp/frs/Inuit|Inuit]] kwamment lóóter nóó däi arktisk gewesten. Um dat joer 1000 deedent noorsk seiforders däi atlantisk küest berekken. Fan dat äen fan 't 15. jorhunnert of an kwamment weer europeesk ekspedisjoonen. In d' 17. jorhunnert wur [[Wp/frs/Neifrankriik|Neifrankriik]] as fransk kulonii grünt. Ook [[Wp/frs/Engelland|Engelland]] set'de sük in däi regjoon fast. Nóó däi Söömjoriğ Oorlauğ dee [[Wp/frs/Frankriik|Frankriik]] 1763 siin kanóódsk besittens an [[Wp/frs/Feräint Köönenkriik|Grôot Briitanien]] ooverdóógen. Up d' 1. julii 1867 wur Kanóódó uut Ontario, Québec, Neibrunswiik un Neiskotland grünt. Lóóter kwamment anner prowinsen un territoorien d'r bii. Mit dat Westminster-Stóótuut fan 1931 kreeğ Kanóódó grôot wetgeevend unofhangelkkaid. Mit däi Canada Act fan 1982 kreeğ Kanóódó ook wat däi kunstitusjoon anbelangt däi häiel wetgeevend unofhangelkkaid. == Politik un wirtskaft == Kanóódó is 'n föderóóel parlómentaarsk [[Wp/frs/Monarchii|monarchii]]. Dat bestaajt uut 10 prowinsen un drei territoorien. Däi prowinsen hebbent wiidgóónd äigen rechten, f'râal bii bilden un natürelk resursen. Dat bundsparlóment in Ottawa bestaajt uut däi Oförntenkóómer un däi Senóót. Kanóódó is lid fan d' [[Wp/frs/Feräint Nóósjoonen|Feräint Nóósjoonen]], däi [[Wp/frs/NATO|NATO]], däi G7 un däi G20. Dat höört ook tau dat [[Wp/frs/Commonwealth of Nations|Commonwealth of Nations]] un aarbaid't wirtskaftelk diecht mit däi [[Wp/frs/Feräint Stóóten|Feräint Stóóten]] t'sóómen. Däi wirtskaft bóósäärt f'râal up densten, industrii un dat winnen fan natürelk resursen. Dat land is rîik an öljeföörkoomens, gasföörkoomens, holt un anner grundstoffen. Landwirtskaft is besünners in däi preriiprowinsen wichtiğ; däi industrii un finansdensten hebbent höör hoovdsits f'râal in Ontario un Québec. == Wellen == [[Category:Wp/frs]] pwr73gu32fcgder3pfv4rky52r3um4c 7255837 7255836 2026-07-19T19:37:26Z VanModers 2551723 7255837 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/frs/Inf'rmóósjoonsboks Land |Nóóm = Kanóódó |Bild = Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg |Bildbräed't = 150px |Tóól = [[Wp/frs/Engelsk|Engelsk]] un Fransk |Hoovdstad = [[Wp/frs/Ottawa|Ottawa]] |Inwoonertóól = 41.417.056 (1. pril 2026) |Flâakt = 9.984.670 km² |Besiidelnsdiecht't = r.w. 4,1 inwooners/km² |Grünnen = 1. julii 1867 |Regäärensföörm = Föderóóel parlómentaarsk [[Wp/frs/Monarchii|monarchii]] }} '''Kanóódó''' ([[Wp/frs/Engelsk|engelsk]] un [[Wp/frs/Fransk|fransk]] ''Canada'') is 'n bundsstóót in [[Wp/frs/Noordamerikó|Noordamerikó]], däi tüsken däi [[Wp/frs/Atlantisk Oseóón|Atlantisk Oseóón]] in 't oost un däi [[Wp/frs/Patsiifik|Patsiifik]] in 't west liğt un sük noordelk bit an d' Arktisk Oseóón ferstrekt. Bundshoovdstad is [[Wp/frs/Ottawa|Ottawa]], däi befolkensrîikst stad is [[Wp/frs/Toronto|Toronto]]. Mit 'n flâakt fan 9.984.670 kwadróótkilomeeter is Kanóódó nóó [[Wp/frs/Rusland|Rusland]] däi twäidgrôotst stóót fan d' [[Wp/frs/Êer|êer]]. Up d' 1. pril 2026 haar dat land 41.417.056 inwooners.<ref name="StatCan">[https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-quotidien/260617/dq260617a-eng.htm Canada's population estimates, first quarter 2026.] Statistics Canada, 17. junii 2026, ofraupen up d' 19. julii 2026 (engelsk).</ref> Um dat dat befolken f'râal in 'n smóóel striip bii d' süüdelk gräens leevt, höört Kanóódó tau däi dünst besiidelt stóóten fan d' weerld. Kanóódó het in 't süüd un noordwest 'n gräens mit däi [[Wp/frs/Feräint Stóóten|Feräint Stóóten]]. Disser stóótsgräens is däi lâangst fan d' weerld. Up dat lütje Hans-Ailand het Kanóódó siit 2022 ook 'n gräens mit dat Köönenkriik [[Wp/frs/Deenmaark|Deenmaark]], wor [[Wp/frs/Gröynland|Gröynland]] bii höört. Kanóódó is 'n köönenkriik binnen dat [[Wp/frs/Commonwealth of Nations|Commonwealth of Nations]] un 'n parlómentaarsk-demokróótsk bundsstóót. [[Wp/frs/Engelsk|Engelsk]] un [[Wp/frs/Fransk|Fransk]] bünt up bundsniwo amtstóólen. == Geogróófii == Kanóódó umfat't däi grôotst däil fan dat noordelk Noordamerikó un fööl ailâan in d' Arktis. Fan west nóó oost bestaajt dat land uut däi patsiifisk küest, däi Rocky Mountains, däi Kanóódsk Skild, däi Grôot Meerten un dat gebiit um däi Sünner-Loorens-Stroom as ook däi atlantisk prowinsen. Däi natüer is läip föölfolliğ. In 't west liegent hôoğ baargen, in d' middent grôot gresflakten un in 't oost fööl meerten un weller. Dat noord bestaajt f'râal uut tundró, stäin un iis. Däi lâangst äj is däi Mackenzie; fööl fan däi grôotst meerten liegent bii däi gräens mit däi Feräint Stóóten. Dat kliimó is ofhangend fan däi regjoon läip ferskeelend. Bii d' patsiifisk küest bünt däi winters mäist mild un fucht. In 't binnenland bünt däi ferskeelen tüsken sömmer un winter fööl grooterder, un in 't noord gelt 'n poolaar kliimó. == Befolken un kultüer == Däi oorsprungelk folken fan Kanóódó bünt däi [[Wp/frs/First Nations|First Nations]], däi [[Wp/frs/Inuit|Inuit]] un däi [[Wp/frs/Métis|Métis]]. Säi hebbent äigen tóólen, kultüren un politisk rechten. Man dat kulonisäären un däi lóóterder stóótelk politik hebbent höör mäinskuppen swor beseert. Däi mäiest inwooners leevent in steeden in 't süüd fan 't land. Däi grôotst steeden bünt Toronto, Montréal, Vancouver, Calgary, Edmonton un Ottawa. [[Wp/frs/Engelsk|Engelsk]] is in däi mäiest prowinsen däi grôotst tóól. In Québec is [[Wp/frs/Fransk|Fransk]] däi offisjäel un mäist proot't tóól; ook in anner däilen fan 't land leevent fööl fransktóóliğ Kanóódiers. Kanóódó is döör inwannern uut fööl däilen fan d' weerld kultürel läip föölfolliğ. Dat land het 'n grôot engelsk- un fransktóóliğ litteróótüer, musik- un filmkultüer. Iishockey gelt as äien fan däi wichtiğst sporten. == Histoorje == Däi First Nations besiideldent dat gebiit fan Kanóódó al fööer oover 12.000 joren; däi [[Wp/frs/Inuit|Inuit]] kwamment lóóter nóó däi arktisk gewesten. Um dat joer 1000 deedent noorsk seiforders däi atlantisk küest berekken. Fan dat äen fan 't 15. jorhunnert of an kwamment weer europeesk ekspedisjoonen. In d' 17. jorhunnert wur [[Wp/frs/Neifrankriik|Neifrankriik]] as fransk kulonii grünt. Ook [[Wp/frs/Engelland|Engelland]] set'de sük in däi regjoon fast. Nóó däi Söömjoriğ Oorlauğ dee [[Wp/frs/Frankriik|Frankriik]] 1763 siin kanóódsk besittens an [[Wp/frs/Feräint Köönenkriik|Grôot Briitanien]] ooverdóógen. Up d' 1. julii 1867 wur Kanóódó uut Ontario, Québec, Neibrunswiik un Neiskotland grünt. Lóóter kwamment anner prowinsen un territoorien d'r bii. Mit dat Westminster-Stóótuut fan 1931 kreeğ Kanóódó grôot wetgeevend unofhangelkkaid. Mit däi Canada Act fan 1982 kreeğ Kanóódó ook wat däi kunstitusjoon anbelangt däi häiel wetgeevend unofhangelkkaid. == Politik un wirtskaft == Kanóódó is 'n föderóóel parlómentaarsk [[Wp/frs/Monarchii|monarchii]]. Dat bestaajt uut 10 prowinsen un drei territoorien. Däi prowinsen hebbent wiidgóónd äigen rechten, f'râal bii bilden un natürelk resursen. Dat bundsparlóment in Ottawa bestaajt uut däi Oförntenkóómer un däi Senóót. Kanóódó is lid fan d' [[Wp/frs/Feräint Nóósjoonen|Feräint Nóósjoonen]], däi [[Wp/frs/NATO|NATO]], däi G7 un däi G20. Dat höört ook tau dat [[Wp/frs/Commonwealth of Nations|Commonwealth of Nations]] un aarbaid't wirtskaftelk diecht mit däi [[Wp/frs/Feräint Stóóten|Feräint Stóóten]] t'sóómen. Däi wirtskaft bóósäärt f'râal up densten, industrii un dat winnen fan natürelk resursen. Dat land is rîik an öljeföörkoomens, gasföörkoomens, holt un anner grundstoffen. Landwirtskaft is besünners in däi preriiprowinsen wichtiğ; däi industrii un finansdensten hebbent höör hoovdsits f'râal in Ontario un Québec. == Wellen == [[Category:Wp/frs]] <references /> [[Category:Land]] 3vykkc34oqm4dapacav1b7o6be9akx9 7255850 7255837 2026-07-19T20:11:33Z WikiFayo95 2609576 7255850 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/frs/Inf'rmóósjoonsboks Land |Nóóm = Kanóódó |Bild = Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg |Bildbräed't = 150px |Tóól = [[Wp/frs/Engelsk|Engelsk]] un Fransk |Hoovdstad = [[Wp/frs/Ottawa|Ottawa]] |Inwoonertóól = 41.417.056 (1. pril 2026) |Flâakt = 9.984.670 km² |Besiidelnsdiecht't = r.w. 4,1 inwooners/km² |Grünnen = 1. julii 1867 |Regäärensföörm = Föderóóel parlómentaarsk [[Wp/frs/Monarchii|monarchii]] }} '''Kanóódó''' ([[Wp/frs/Engelsk|engelsk]] un [[Wp/frs/Fransk|fransk]] ''Canada'') is 'n bundsstóót in [[Wp/frs/Noordamerikó|Noordamerikó]], däi tüsken däi [[Wp/frs/Atlantisk Oseóón|Atlantisk Oseóón]] in 't oost un däi [[Wp/frs/Patsiifik|Patsiifik]] in 't west liğt un sük noordelk bit an d' Arktisk Oseóón ferstrekt. Bundshoovdstad is [[Wp/frs/Ottawa|Ottawa]], däi befolkensrîikst stad is [[Wp/frs/Toronto|Toronto]]. Mit 'n flâakt fan 9.984.670 kwadróótkilomeeter is Kanóódó nóó [[Wp/frs/Rusland|Rusland]] däi twäidgrôotst stóót fan d' [[Wp/frs/Êer|êer]]. Up d' 1. pril 2026 haar dat land 41.417.056 inwooners.<ref name="StatCan">[https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-quotidien/260617/dq260617a-eng.htm Canada's population estimates, first quarter 2026.] Statistics Canada, 17. junii 2026, ofraupen up d' 19. julii 2026 (engelsk).</ref> Um dat dat befolken f'râal in 'n smóóel striip bii d' süüdelk gräens leevt, höört Kanóódó tau däi dünst besiidelt stóóten fan d' weerld. Kanóódó het in 't süüd un noordwest 'n gräens mit däi [[Wp/frs/Feräint Stóóten|Feräint Stóóten]]. Disser stóótsgräens is däi lâangst fan d' weerld. Up dat lütje Hans-Ailand het Kanóódó siit 2022 ook 'n gräens mit dat Köönenkriik [[Wp/frs/Deenmaark|Deenmaark]], wor [[Wp/frs/Gröynland|Gröynland]] bii höört. Kanóódó is 'n köönenkriik binnen dat [[Wp/frs/Commonwealth of Nations|Commonwealth of Nations]] un 'n parlómentaarsk-demokróótsk bundsstóót. [[Wp/frs/Engelsk|Engelsk]] un [[Wp/frs/Fransk|Fransk]] bünt up bundsniwo amtstóólen. == Geogróófii == Kanóódó umfat't däi grôotst däil fan dat noordelk Noordamerikó un fööl ailâan in d' Arktis. Fan west nóó oost bestaajt dat land uut däi patsiifisk küest, däi Rocky Mountains, dat Kanóódsk Skild, däi Great Lakes un dat gebiit um däi Sünner-Loorens-Stroom as ook däi atlantisk prowinsen. Däi natüer is läip föölfolliğ. In 't west liegent hôoğ baargen, in d' middent grôot gresflakten un in 't oost fööl meerten un weller. Dat noord bestaajt f'râal uut tundró, stäin un iis. Däi lâangst äj is däi Mackenzie River; fööl fan däi grôotst meerten liegent bii däi gräens mit däi Feräint Stóóten. Dat kliimó is ofhangend fan däi regjoon läip ferskeelend. Bii d' patsiifisk küest bünt däi winters mäist mild un fucht. In 't binnenland bünt däi ferskeelen tüsken sömmer un winter fööl grooter, un in 't noord telt 'n poolaar kliimó. == Befolken un kultüer == Däi oorsprungelk folken fan Kanóódó bünt däi [[Wp/frs/First Nations|First Nations]], däi [[Wp/frs/Inuit|Inuit]] un däi [[Wp/frs/Métis|Métis]]. Säi hebbent äigen tóólen, kultüren un politisk rechten. Man dat kulonisäären un däi lóóterder stóótelk politik hebbent höör mäinskuppen läip róókt. Däi mäiest inwooners leevent in steeden in 't süüd fan 't land. Däi grôotst steeden bünt Toronto, Montréal, Vancouver, Calgary, Edmonton un Ottawa. [[Wp/frs/Engelsk|Engelsk]] is in däi mäiest prowinsen däi duminâant tóól. In Québec is [[Wp/frs/Fransk|Fransk]] däi offisjäel un mäist proot't tóól; ook in anner däilen fan 't land leevent fööl fransktóóliğ Kanóódiers. Kanóódó is döör inwannern uut fööl däilen fan d' weerld kultürel läip föölfolliğ. Dat land het 'n grôot engelsk- un fransktóóliğ litteróótüer, musik- un filmkultüer. Iishockey telt as äien fan däi wichtiğst sporten. == Histoorje == Däi First Nations besiideldent dat gebiit fan Kanóódó al fööer oover 12.000 joren; däi [[Wp/frs/Inuit|Inuit]] kwamment lóóter nóó däi arktisk gewesten. Um dat joer 1000 deedent noorsk seiforders däi atlantisk küest berekken. Fan dat äen fan 't 15. jorhunnert of an kwamment weer europeesk ekspedisjoonen. In d' 17. jorhunnert wur [[Wp/frs/Neifrankriik|Neifrankriik]] as fransk kulonii grünt. Ook [[Wp/frs/Engelland|Engelland]] set'de sük in däi regjoon fast. Nóó däi Söömjoriğ Oorlauğ dee [[Wp/frs/Frankriik|Frankriik]] 1763 siin kanóódsk besittens an [[Wp/frs/Feräint Köönenkriik|Grôot Briitanien]] ooverdóógen. Up d' 1. julii 1867 wur Kanóódó uut Ontario, Québec, Neibrunswiik un Neiskotland grünt. Lóóter kwamment anner prowinsen un territoorien d'r bii. Mit dat Westminster-Stóótuut fan 1931 kreeğ Kanóódó grôot wetgeevend unofhangelkkaid. Mit däi Canada Act fan 1982 kreeğ Kanóódó ook wat däi kunstitusjoon anbelangt däi häiel wetgeevend unofhangelkkaid. == Politik un wirtskaft == Kanóódó is 'n föderóóel parlómentaarsk [[Wp/frs/Monarchii|monarchii]]. Dat bestaajt uut 10 prowinsen un drei territoorien. Däi prowinsen hebbent wiidgóónd äigen rechten, f'râal bii bilden un natürelk resursen. Dat bundsparlóment in Ottawa bestaajt uut däi Oförntenkóómer un däi Senóót. Kanóódó is lid fan d' [[Wp/frs/Feräint Nóósjoonen|Feräint Nóósjoonen]], däi [[Wp/frs/NATO|NATO]], däi G7 un däi G20. Dat höört ook tau dat [[Wp/frs/Commonwealth of Nations|Commonwealth of Nations]] un aarbaid't wirtskaftelk äeng mit däi [[Wp/frs/Feräint Stóóten|Feräint Stóóten]] t'sóómen. Däi wirtskaft bóósäärt f'râal up denstlaistungen, industrii un dat winnen fan natürelk resursen. Dat land is rîik an öljeföörkoomens, gasföörkoomens, holt un anner grundstoffen. Landwirtskaft is besünners in däi preriiprowinsen wichtiğ; däi industrii un finansdenstlaistungen hebbent höör hoovdsits f'râal in Ontario un Québec. == Wellen == [[Category:Wp/frs]] <references /> [[Category:Wp/frs/Land]] cyojhplk8z5ajrchb5igl80q6w2o819 0 3791612 7255848 2026-07-19T20:05:32Z Valery Santillana 2588553 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''TACHIA''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Josefina Vasquez Vazquez (Cguadron)-Tachia.wav |embed|200px]] |} [[File: Dia soleado en Laguna de Chascomús.jpg |thumb|250px|AN TACHIA NE TUNAL]] === Español === * Ver (tener visión); soleado (clima) Naja..." 7255848 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''TACHIA''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Josefina Vasquez Vazquez (Cguadron)-Tachia.wav |embed|200px]] |} [[File: Dia soleado en Laguna de Chascomús.jpg |thumb|250px|AN TACHIA NE TUNAL]] === Español === * Ver (tener visión); soleado (clima) Naja nitachia: Yo miro. An tachia ne tunal: Hoy el sol ve, está alumbrando (está despejado).'' === English === To see (to have vision); sunny (weather) Naja nitachia: I see. An tachia ne tunal: Today the sun is sunny. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Intransitivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] 249eqailcmmvfoytxcebv2vj2nfexaw 0 3791613 7255849 2026-07-19T20:06:31Z Torresriverac 2599376 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUTAPEWILIA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nicolas Sánchez García (TimumachtikanNawat)-mutapewilia.wav]] |} [[File:Hunting portrait of two boys (AM 79598-1).jpg|thumb|250px|(MUTAPEWILIA)]] === Español === Cazar (montear) Naja nimutapewilia: Yo voy a..." 7255849 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUTAPEWILIA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nicolas Sánchez García (TimumachtikanNawat)-mutapewilia.wav]] |} [[File:Hunting portrait of two boys (AM 79598-1).jpg|thumb|250px|(MUTAPEWILIA)]] === Español === Cazar (montear) Naja nimutapewilia: Yo voy a cazar para mí. === English === To hunt (to hunt) Naja nimutapewilia: I'm going to hunt for myself. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Intransitivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] pcyb80hurhih50zjw4j3n85k6p9g0q0 0 3791614 7255851 2026-07-19T20:12:01Z Torresriverac 2599376 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" |MUTENHAPAKALIS ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Neologismo ''Grammatical Category:'' Neologism ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nicolas Sánchez García (TimumachtikanNawat)-mutenhapakalis.wav]] |} [[File:Toothbrush x3 20050716 002.jpg|thumb|250x250px|MUTENHAPAKALIS]] === Español === Cepillo de dientes Naja nimutenhapaka iwan ne mutenha- pakalis: Y..." 7255851 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" |MUTENHAPAKALIS ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Neologismo ''Grammatical Category:'' Neologism ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nicolas Sánchez García (TimumachtikanNawat)-mutenhapakalis.wav]] |} [[File:Toothbrush x3 20050716 002.jpg|thumb|250x250px|MUTENHAPAKALIS]] === Español === Cepillo de dientes Naja nimutenhapaka iwan ne mutenha- pakalis: Yo me cepillo los dientes con el cepillo de dientes. === English === Toothbrush Naja nimutenhapaka iwan ne mutenha- pakalis: I brush my teeth with a toothbrush. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Neologismo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] 99sjtmp74b68mnxb6dopkj8d3sff1w0 0 3791615 7255852 2026-07-19T20:16:51Z Torresriverac 2599376 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUTATALUA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nicolas Sánchez García (TimumachtikanNawat)-mutatalua.wav]] |} === Español === Andar corriendo de un lado para otro Ne pijpipil mutataluat: Los niños corren (de un lado para otro). === English === Running fr..." 7255852 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUTATALUA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nicolas Sánchez García (TimumachtikanNawat)-mutatalua.wav]] |} === Español === Andar corriendo de un lado para otro Ne pijpipil mutataluat: Los niños corren (de un lado para otro). === English === Running from one place to another Ne pijpipil mutataluat: The children run (from one side to the other). [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Intransitivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] etzx4qfpzymgkdff8xycx7a58zvsqgg 0 3791616 7255853 2026-07-19T20:18:53Z Torresriverac 2599376 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUTENPELUA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nicolas Sánchez García (TimumachtikanNawat)-mutenpelua.wav]] |} [[File:Yawning Infant, August 2018.jpg|thumb|250px|(MUTENPELUA)]] === Español === Abrir la boca; bostezar Naja nimutenpeluj: Yo bostecé (abrí..." 7255853 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUTENPELUA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nicolas Sánchez García (TimumachtikanNawat)-mutenpelua.wav]] |} [[File:Yawning Infant, August 2018.jpg|thumb|250px|(MUTENPELUA)]] === Español === Abrir la boca; bostezar Naja nimutenpeluj: Yo bostecé (abrí mi boca). === English === To open one's mouth; to yawn. Naja nimutenpeluj: I yawned (opened my mouth). [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Intransitivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] lpy6i4hkpo0avclnlb82iyqrfssm363 0 3791617 7255854 2026-07-19T20:20:30Z Torresriverac 2599376 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUTATIA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nicolas Sánchez García (TimumachtikanNawat)-mutatia.wav]] |} === Español === Quemarse (con fuego o superficies calientes) Timutatij: Te quemaste. === English === Getting burned (by fire or hot surfaces) Timuta..." 7255854 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUTATIA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nicolas Sánchez García (TimumachtikanNawat)-mutatia.wav]] |} === Español === Quemarse (con fuego o superficies calientes) Timutatij: Te quemaste. === English === Getting burned (by fire or hot surfaces) Timutatij: You got burned. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Intransitivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] 88iamt0twtmkz36myb15mcxfkaq4acv 0 3791618 7255855 2026-07-19T20:22:24Z Torresriverac 2599376 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUTENSHIMA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nicolas Sánchez García (TimumachtikanNawat)-mutenshima.wav]] |} [[Wt/ppl/Joe Louis getting shave in 1946.jpg|thumb|250px|(MUTENSHIMA)]] === Español === Rasurarse el bigote Niu-nimutenshima: Me rasuraré el bi..." 7255855 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUTENSHIMA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nicolas Sánchez García (TimumachtikanNawat)-mutenshima.wav]] |} [[Wt/ppl/Joe Louis getting shave in 1946.jpg|thumb|250px|(MUTENSHIMA)]] === Español === Rasurarse el bigote Niu-nimutenshima: Me rasuraré el bigote. === English === Shaving my mustache Niu-nimutenshima: I will shave my mustache. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Intransitivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] t10jz68os8hjvlawuw5lkl0iutetac7 0 3791619 7255856 2026-07-19T20:24:04Z Torresriverac 2599376 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUTUSKAPELUA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Idalia García Vda. de López (Mistun MJ Menéndez)-mutuskapelua.wav]] |} === Español === Alzar la voz; hablar fuerte Nimutuskapelua: Yo estoy hablando fuerte. === English === Raise your voice; speak loudly..." 7255856 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUTUSKAPELUA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Idalia García Vda. de López (Mistun MJ Menéndez)-mutuskapelua.wav]] |} === Español === Alzar la voz; hablar fuerte Nimutuskapelua: Yo estoy hablando fuerte. === English === Raise your voice; speak loudly Nimutuskapelua: I'm speaking loudly. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Intransitivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] jt9926693vsta9bayomc7xcfid7x4gx 0 3791620 7255857 2026-07-19T20:25:28Z Torresriverac 2599376 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUTUTUNIA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Idalia García Vda. de López (Mistun MJ Menéndez)-mututunia.wav]] |} === Español === Calentarse Mumutunia ne at: Se calienta el agua. === English === Warm Mumutunia ne at: The water is heated. Category:Wt..." 7255857 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUTUTUNIA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Idalia García Vda. de López (Mistun MJ Menéndez)-mututunia.wav]] |} === Español === Calentarse Mumutunia ne at: Se calienta el agua. === English === Warm Mumutunia ne at: The water is heated. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Intransitivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] 9p27ln1u9hv8kxkxfmj3d1wh1575etz 0 3791621 7255858 2026-07-19T20:27:52Z Valery Santillana 2588553 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''TACHIALIS''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Josefina Vasquez Vazquez (Cguadron)-Tachialis.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Mirror.jpg|thumb|250px|TACHIALIS]] === Español === Reflejo, espejo (donde puede ver o verte) Ne tachialis: El refejo, espejo. === English === Reflec..." 7255858 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''TACHIALIS''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Josefina Vasquez Vazquez (Cguadron)-Tachialis.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Mirror.jpg|thumb|250px|TACHIALIS]] === Español === Reflejo, espejo (donde puede ver o verte) Ne tachialis: El refejo, espejo. === English === Reflection, mirror (where you can see or see yourself) Ne tachialis: The reflection, mirror. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Sustantivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] i5jajxv5xwidevo9xquj6zspmsoqh1w 0 3791622 7255859 2026-07-19T20:27:52Z Torresriverac 2599376 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUTENTZAKWA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Idalia García Vda. de López (Mistun MJ Menéndez)-mutentzakwa.wav]] |} === Español === Cerrarse la boca; encerrarse Niu-nimutentzakwa: Me voy a encerrar (cerrar la puerta de la casa). Shimutentzakwa Juan: T..." 7255859 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUTENTZAKWA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Idalia García Vda. de López (Mistun MJ Menéndez)-mutentzakwa.wav]] |} === Español === Cerrarse la boca; encerrarse Niu-nimutentzakwa: Me voy a encerrar (cerrar la puerta de la casa). Shimutentzakwa Juan: Tapate la boca Juan. === English === To close one's mouth; to lock oneself up Niu-nimutentzakwa: I'm going to lock myself in (close the door of the house). Shimutentzakwa Juan: Cover your mouth, Juan. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Intransitivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] t3a65vzqq6kbifgb2bmlnvkle45bkqx 0 3791623 7255860 2026-07-19T20:31:15Z Torresriverac 2599376 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUTZEJTZELUA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Idalia García Vda. de López (Mistun MJ Menéndez)-mutzejtzelua.wav]] |} [[File:Time for a shake - geograph.org.uk - 644392.jpg|thumb|250px|MUTZEJTZELUA]] === Español === Sacudirse Ne pelu mutzejtzelua pal..." 7255860 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUTZEJTZELUA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Idalia García Vda. de López (Mistun MJ Menéndez)-mutzejtzelua.wav]] |} [[File:Time for a shake - geograph.org.uk - 644392.jpg|thumb|250px|MUTZEJTZELUA]] === Español === Sacudirse Ne pelu mutzejtzelua pal muwatza: El perro se sacude para secarse. === English === Shake off Ne pelu mutzejtzelua pal muwatza: The dog shakes itself dry. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Intransitivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] 11ziw8jjrviuxc8yybv7unlazo3tm8f 0 3791624 7255861 2026-07-19T20:32:38Z Torresriverac 2599376 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | -MUTIA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Transitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Transitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Idalia García Vda. de López (Mistun MJ Menéndez)--mutia.wav]] |} === Español === Asustar; espantar Niu-nikmutia Lucio: Voy a ir a asustar a Lucio. === English === To scare; to frighten Niu-nikmutia Lucio: I'm goin..." 7255861 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | -MUTIA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Transitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Transitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Idalia García Vda. de López (Mistun MJ Menéndez)--mutia.wav]] |} === Español === Asustar; espantar Niu-nikmutia Lucio: Voy a ir a asustar a Lucio. === English === To scare; to frighten Niu-nikmutia Lucio: I'm going to scare Lucio. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Transitivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] l0lhi7a3vzebue2k5e4mfwe7a2u3sjs 0 3791625 7255862 2026-07-19T20:33:43Z Valery Santillana 2588553 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''TACHIJCHAL''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Josefina Vasquez Vazquez (Cguadron)-Tachijchal.wav |embed|200px]] |} === Español === Escupitajo Ne tachijchal: El escupitajo. === English === Spit Ne tachijchalː The spit [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Sustantivo]] Categor..." 7255862 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''TACHIJCHAL''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Josefina Vasquez Vazquez (Cguadron)-Tachijchal.wav |embed|200px]] |} === Español === Escupitajo Ne tachijchal: El escupitajo. === English === Spit Ne tachijchalː The spit [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Sustantivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] pd9fwxoj4tvhvgpxr1bfh06x08ck5cc 0 3791626 7255863 2026-07-19T20:33:53Z Torresriverac 2599376 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUTZIJKWILUA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Idalia García Vda. de López (Mistun MJ Menéndez)-mutzijkwilua.wav]] |} === Español === Pararse de puntitas Nimutzijkwilua: Estoy de puntitas. === English === Stand on tiptoes Nimutzijkwilua: I'm on my ti..." 7255863 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUTZIJKWILUA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Idalia García Vda. de López (Mistun MJ Menéndez)-mutzijkwilua.wav]] |} === Español === Pararse de puntitas Nimutzijkwilua: Estoy de puntitas. === English === Stand on tiptoes Nimutzijkwilua: I'm on my tiptoes. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Intransitivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] dxgdwj9wrvjdr0g2s4zykxx1ucgwb4i 0 3791627 7255864 2026-07-19T20:35:02Z Torresriverac 2599376 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUTKI ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Idalia García Vda. de López (Mistun MJ Menéndez)-mutki.wav]] |} === Español === Multiplicarse Ne Tzuntekumat mutki: Los tzuntekumaj se multiplican. === English === Multiply Ne Tzuntekumat mutki: The tzuntekumaj..." 7255864 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | MUTKI ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Idalia García Vda. de López (Mistun MJ Menéndez)-mutki.wav]] |} === Español === Multiplicarse Ne Tzuntekumat mutki: Los tzuntekumaj se multiplican. === English === Multiply Ne Tzuntekumat mutki: The tzuntekumaj multiply. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Intransitivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] dy0btti81pay0xkok0ey9b5ycqxqa7r 0 3791628 7255865 2026-07-19T20:40:16Z Torresriverac 2599376 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | -MUTKITIA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Transitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Transitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Idalia García Vda. de López (Mistun MJ Menéndez)--mutkitia.wav]] |} === Español === Multiplicar (hacer crecer en número algo) Jesús kimutkiltij ne michin: Jesús multi- plicó los peces. === English === Multip..." 7255865 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | -MUTKITIA ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Transitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Transitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Idalia García Vda. de López (Mistun MJ Menéndez)--mutkitia.wav]] |} === Español === Multiplicar (hacer crecer en número algo) Jesús kimutkiltij ne michin: Jesús multi- plicó los peces. === English === Multiply (make something grow in number) Jesus kimutkiltij ne michin: Jesus multiplied the fish. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Transitivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] g7b21irkl8gxuxtvtlpyccjh4vho224 0 3791629 7255866 2026-07-19T20:41:18Z Valery Santillana 2588553 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''-TACHISHKA''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Adverbio ''Grammatical Category:'' Adverb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Josefina Vasquez Vazquez (Cguadron)--tachishka.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Colouring pencils.jpg|thumb|250px|-TACHISHKA]] === Español === Color, apariencia, aspecto ¿Tay itachishka?: ¿qué color es? ¿Ken itachishka?: ¿c..." 7255866 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''-TACHISHKA''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Adverbio ''Grammatical Category:'' Adverb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Josefina Vasquez Vazquez (Cguadron)--tachishka.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Colouring pencils.jpg|thumb|250px|-TACHISHKA]] === Español === Color, apariencia, aspecto ¿Tay itachishka?: ¿qué color es? ¿Ken itachishka?: ¿cómo es su aparien- cia? === English === Color, appearance, look Tay itachishka?: what color is it? Ken Itachishka: What does he/she/it look like? [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Adverbio]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] ccqdcxt5cdwh8v1r4b74pu25gkxo7oi 0 3791630 7255871 2026-07-19T20:48:37Z Valery Santillana 2588553 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''TAEJEKULIS''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Fátima Marielos Artero Gámez-Taejekulis.wav|embed|200px]] |} === Español === Prueba, examen Ne taejekulis: El examen. === English === Test, exam Ne taejekulis: The exam. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Sustantivo]] Categor..." 7255871 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''TAEJEKULIS''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Fátima Marielos Artero Gámez-Taejekulis.wav|embed|200px]] |} === Español === Prueba, examen Ne taejekulis: El examen. === English === Test, exam Ne taejekulis: The exam. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Sustantivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] kgqrsbggofc3dyhm3g1g4bb6jjqyif7 0 3791631 7255887 2026-07-19T20:54:28Z Valery Santillana 2588553 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''TAICHTEKINI''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Fátima Marielos Artero Gámez-Taichtekini.wav|embed|200px]] |} === Español === Ladron Ne taichtekini: El ladrón. === English === Thief Ne taichtekini: The thief. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Sustantivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]]" 7255887 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''TAICHTEKINI''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Fátima Marielos Artero Gámez-Taichtekini.wav|embed|200px]] |} === Español === Ladron Ne taichtekini: El ladrón. === English === Thief Ne taichtekini: The thief. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Sustantivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] hiql371prjoy40d9jgk0zalr6vw033v 0 3791632 7255888 2026-07-19T20:59:13Z Valery Santillana 2588553 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''TAIJTIK''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Fátima Marielos Artero Gámez-Taijtik.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Decorative plate from Poland Bogucice Katowice Porcelana Śląska 1952-1993 01.jpg|thumb|250px|TAIJTIK]] === Español === Plato; traste Ne taijtik: El plato. =..." 7255888 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''TAIJTIK''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Fátima Marielos Artero Gámez-Taijtik.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Decorative plate from Poland Bogucice Katowice Porcelana Śląska 1952-1993 01.jpg|thumb|250px|TAIJTIK]] === Español === Plato; traste Ne taijtik: El plato. === English === Plate; dish Ne taijtik: The plate. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Sustantivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] 8176v2tl0b6bz3ruo63xw0p0dsiwiln 0 3791633 7255889 2026-07-19T21:04:12Z Valery Santillana 2588553 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''TAIKA''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Adverbio ''Grammatical Category:'' Adverb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Josefina Vasquez Vazquez (Cguadron)-Taika.wav|embed|200px]] |} === Español === Por qué ¿Taika timumachtia nawat? Ika nugus- tuj: ¿Por qué estudias náhuat? Porque me gusta. === English === Why ¿Taika timumachtia nawat? Ika n..." 7255889 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''TAIKA''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Adverbio ''Grammatical Category:'' Adverb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Josefina Vasquez Vazquez (Cguadron)-Taika.wav|embed|200px]] |} === Español === Por qué ¿Taika timumachtia nawat? Ika nugus- tuj: ¿Por qué estudias náhuat? Porque me gusta. === English === Why ¿Taika timumachtia nawat? Ika nugus- tuj: Why do you study Nawat? Because I like it. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Adverbio]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] cjr0v0edvfw4kiovms76b5xtxowajt1 0 3791634 7255900 2026-07-19T21:11:50Z Valery Santillana 2588553 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" |'''TAISHKWEP''' ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Botánica ''Grammatical Category:'' Botanical ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Josefina Vasquez Vazquez (Cguadron)-Taishkwep.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:OrangeBloss wb.jpg|thumb|250x250px|TAISHKWEP]] === Español === Flor de azahar Ikuyu taishkwep: El palo de azahar. === English === Orange blossom I..." 7255900 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" |'''TAISHKWEP''' ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Botánica ''Grammatical Category:'' Botanical ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Josefina Vasquez Vazquez (Cguadron)-Taishkwep.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:OrangeBloss wb.jpg|thumb|250x250px|TAISHKWEP]] === Español === Flor de azahar Ikuyu taishkwep: El palo de azahar. === English === Orange blossom Ikuyu taishkwep: The orange blossom stick. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Botánica]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] g6syn66prtrexs6ff0fakbzlj2b320x 0 3791635 7255901 2026-07-19T21:18:05Z Valery Santillana 2588553 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''TAISHPITZA''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Josefina Vasquez Vazquez (Cguadron)-Taishpitza.wav|embed|200px]] |} === Español === Soplar (viento, ventilador) Tajtzin Ejekat taishpitza: Don Norte sopla. === English === Blow (wind, fan) Tajtzin Ejeka..." 7255901 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''TAISHPITZA''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Josefina Vasquez Vazquez (Cguadron)-Taishpitza.wav|embed|200px]] |} === Español === Soplar (viento, ventilador) Tajtzin Ejekat taishpitza: Don Norte sopla. === English === Blow (wind, fan) Tajtzin Ejekat taishpitza: Lord North blows (the wind blows) [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Intransitivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] lynuroot0jks8zmn187cmmjlkia9hkd 0 3791636 7255902 2026-07-19T21:24:40Z Valery Santillana 2588553 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" |'''TAISHPITZALIS''' ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Neologismo ''Grammatical Category:'' Neologism ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Fátima Marielos Artero Gámez-Taishpitzalis.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Table fan FT-1201 II 30 cm 9186.jpg|thumb|250x250px|TAISHPITAZLIS]] === Español === Ventilador Niu-niksewia ne taishpitzalis: Voy a apa- gar el..." 7255902 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" |'''TAISHPITZALIS''' ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Neologismo ''Grammatical Category:'' Neologism ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Fátima Marielos Artero Gámez-Taishpitzalis.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Table fan FT-1201 II 30 cm 9186.jpg|thumb|250x250px|TAISHPITAZLIS]] === Español === Ventilador Niu-niksewia ne taishpitzalis: Voy a apa- gar el ventilador. === English === Fan Niu-niksewia ne taishpitzalis fan: I'm going to turn off the fan. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Neologismo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] mawczgjqppizws5lb4nvno6ik0vigm1 0 3791637 7255903 2026-07-19T21:32:57Z Valery Santillana 2588553 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''TAISHPITZANI''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Josefina Vasquez Vazquez (Cguadron)-Taishpitzani.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:1992 Referee whistles for football Laslovarga (13).jpg|thumb|250px|TAISHPITZANI]] === Español === Pito Ne taishpitzani: El pito. === English ==..." 7255903 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''TAISHPITZANI''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Josefina Vasquez Vazquez (Cguadron)-Taishpitzani.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:1992 Referee whistles for football Laslovarga (13).jpg|thumb|250px|TAISHPITZANI]] === Español === Pito Ne taishpitzani: El pito. === English === Whistle Ne taishpitzani: The whistle. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Sustantivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] ircb3pf9mgnu1ycfoymrvk1pfcwrx46 0 3791638 7255905 2026-07-19T21:34:00Z 26agcp 2575807 26agcp moved page [[Wp/yua/K'an bolay]] to [[Wp/yua/Lince americano]]: El contenido del artículo se refiere a otra especie 7255905 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Wp/yua/Lince americano]] k3k2xqjfriavuld1bkyn1icx7um4y7s 0 3791639 7255906 2026-07-19T21:49:39Z Valery Santillana 2588553 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''TAIWAN''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Josefina Vasquez Vazquez (Cguadron)-Taiwan.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Good Food Display - NCI Visuals Online.jpg |thumb|250px|TAIWAN]] === Español === Comida (no de maiz, lo que complemen- ta mi tortilla) Sujsul ajwiak nutaiwa..." 7255906 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''TAIWAN''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Josefina Vasquez Vazquez (Cguadron)-Taiwan.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Good Food Display - NCI Visuals Online.jpg |thumb|250px|TAIWAN]] === Español === Comida (no de maiz, lo que complemen- ta mi tortilla) Sujsul ajwiak nutaiwan: Muy rica mi comida. === English === Food (does not include corn) Sujsul ajwiak nutaiwan: My food is delicious [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Sustantivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] 6z164znrpkmlbn59o6kieeeyszh8h7m 0 3791640 7255907 2026-07-19T21:53:26Z Valery Santillana 2588553 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" |'''TAJA''' ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Pronombre ----''Grammatical Category:'' Pronoun * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Josefina Vasquez Vazquez (Cguadron)-Taja.wav |embed|200px]] |} === Español === Tú; vos; usted Taja tinemi yek: Tú estás bien. === English === You Taja tinemi yekː You are well. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Pronombre]] Categ..." 7255907 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" |'''TAJA''' ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Pronombre ----''Grammatical Category:'' Pronoun * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Josefina Vasquez Vazquez (Cguadron)-Taja.wav |embed|200px]] |} === Español === Tú; vos; usted Taja tinemi yek: Tú estás bien. === English === You Taja tinemi yekː You are well. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Pronombre]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] 154sygrw3pi72pje7gc6b5ftmy2pihg 0 3791641 7255908 2026-07-19T21:56:39Z Valery Santillana 2588553 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''TAJASAN''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Adverbio ''Grammatical Category:'' Adverb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Josefina Vasquez Vazquez (Cguadron)-Tajasan.wav|embed|200px]] |} === Español === Nomás tú Tajasan tiwalaj: Nomás tú viniste (sola- mente tú). === English === Only you Tajasan tiwalajː Only you came. Category:Wt/ppl/C..." 7255908 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''TAJASAN''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Adverbio ''Grammatical Category:'' Adverb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Josefina Vasquez Vazquez (Cguadron)-Tajasan.wav|embed|200px]] |} === Español === Nomás tú Tajasan tiwalaj: Nomás tú viniste (sola- mente tú). === English === Only you Tajasan tiwalajː Only you came. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Adverbio]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] 8oa3w1jrwf7trcqq95jdb304u13903z 0 3791642 7255909 2026-07-19T22:01:35Z Valery Santillana 2588553 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''TAJKU''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Adverbio ''Grammatical Category:'' Adverb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Josefina Vasquez Vazquez (Cguadron)-Tajku.wav|embed|200px]] |} === Español === En medio; al centro (de algo, una cosa) Niu-niktalia nutajkuilpika ka nutajku: Me voy a poner mi cincho en medio. === English === In the middle. In the..." 7255909 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''TAJKU''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Adverbio ''Grammatical Category:'' Adverb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Josefina Vasquez Vazquez (Cguadron)-Tajku.wav|embed|200px]] |} === Español === En medio; al centro (de algo, una cosa) Niu-niktalia nutajkuilpika ka nutajku: Me voy a poner mi cincho en medio. === English === In the middle. In the center (of a thing) Niu-niktalia nutajkuilpika ka nutajku: I am going to wear my belt in the middle. [[Category:Wt/ppl]] j3zjqccy3ml5yb03f9k9vvl24zblf2n 0 3791643 7255910 2026-07-19T22:14:29Z Flamme-Bleue 428598 Created page with "{{Wp/rmn/Arliikani}} [[File:Flag of Khabarovsk Krai.svg|250px|right|thumb|O bajrako taro kraj]] O '''Habarovsko kraj''' si baro region ko Dalʹnevostočni federalno okrugo tari Rusija, soske isi le but bari priroda, purane veša (tajga) hem lače thana paše ko Ohotsko hem Japansko more. Akava kraj sine kerdo ko 1938 berš. Paše si (isi le graniče) kale oblastenca hem republikenca: i Respublika Saha (Jakutija), i Magadanskori hem Amurskori oblast, o Primorskori kraj,..." 7255910 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/rmn/Arliikani}} [[File:Flag of Khabarovsk Krai.svg|250px|right|thumb|O bajrako taro kraj]] O '''Habarovsko kraj''' si baro region ko Dalʹnevostočni federalno okrugo tari Rusija, soske isi le but bari priroda, purane veša (tajga) hem lače thana paše ko Ohotsko hem Japansko more. Akava kraj sine kerdo ko 1938 berš. Paše si (isi le graniče) kale oblastenca hem republikenca: i Respublika Saha (Jakutija), i Magadanskori hem Amurskori oblast, o Primorskori kraj, i Evrejsko avtonomija oblast, hem kali država Kina (KNR) prekal i državno granica. Prekal o Tatarsko pani (proliv) paše si i Sahalinskori oblast. O baripe — 787 633 km². Ko akava kraj dživinena paše 1 278 000 manuša (oficialno broj taro Rosstat ko akava vakti), a o butvardipe taro manuša — paše 1,62 manuša ko jekh km². O šero taro kraj — o baro primorsko dizi [[Wp/rmn/Habarovsk|Habarovsk]], so sine osnovan ko 1858 berš (sar Habarovka). == Administrativno-teritorialno ulvavipe == * 17 administrativna rajoni * 6 dizja taro krajsko značenje Municipalno ureduvanje (ulvavipe) * 2 gradska okruga (Habarovsk hem Komsomolʹsk-na-Amure). * Municipalna okruga hem municipalna rajoni (ko akava vakti taro 2024 dži ko 2026 berš isi bari reforma paše ki ekhurovnevo sistem. O Ohotskori hem o Ajano-Majskori rajoni uklili ko okruga, a ko 2026 berš o Tuguro-Čumikanskori rajoni isto preobrazujnza pe ko okrug. O avera rajoni podržan o purano dujurovnevo sistem). {{Wp/rmn/Thana tari Rusikani Federacija}} [[Category:Wp/rmn]] [[Category:Wp/rmn/Rusija]] gdh27sd25ra0vfpnlyytao1x2m01hrl 0 3791644 7255915 2026-07-19T22:26:09Z Maritza Stephanie Alvarenga 2691603 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''atchanej''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Morena Leiva-atchanej.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Marine animals and their associated microbiomes.jpg|thumb|250px|atchanej]] === Español === Atchanej Sust. Animal (acuático) Ne michin se atchanej: El pez es un animal acuá..." 7255915 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''atchanej''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Morena Leiva-atchanej.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Marine animals and their associated microbiomes.jpg|thumb|250px|atchanej]] === Español === Atchanej Sust. Animal (acuático) Ne michin se atchanej: El pez es un animal acuático. === English === Atchanej Noun Animal (aquatic) Ne michin se atchanej: The fish is an aquatic animal. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Sustantivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] ie8lrdfv1yyop19fda99gkvttfe8d7n 0 3791645 7255916 2026-07-19T22:41:35Z Maritza Stephanie Alvarenga 2691603 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''ati''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Transitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Transitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Morena Leiva-ati.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Humanitarian aid OCPA-2005-10-28-090517a.jpg|thumb|250px|ati]] === Español === Ati V.I. Tomar agua Naja niati: Yo tomo agua. === English === Ati VI Drink water..." 7255916 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''ati''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Transitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Transitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Morena Leiva-ati.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Humanitarian aid OCPA-2005-10-28-090517a.jpg|thumb|250px|ati]] === Español === Ati V.I. Tomar agua Naja niati: Yo tomo agua. === English === Ati VI Drink water Naja niati: I drink water. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Transitivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] ban57pb4acdatyl32zqmrgw0h2j8gcc 0 3791646 7255918 2026-07-19T22:48:20Z Taluk Kal 2691449 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''−pajsu''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Marcelomartinezhn--pajsu.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File: [[File:Blond hair going gray 01.jpg|Blond_hair_going_gray_01]] === Español === Pelos Nupajsu: Mis pelos. === English === Nupajsu hair: My hair Category:Wt/ppl/Cate..." 7255918 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''−pajsu''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Marcelomartinezhn--pajsu.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File: [[File:Blond hair going gray 01.jpg|Blond_hair_going_gray_01]] === Español === Pelos Nupajsu: Mis pelos. === English === Nupajsu hair: My hair [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Sustantivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] iikl43zif1onjavcxgusgzotmjy95lr 0 3791647 7255919 2026-07-19T22:53:19Z Maritza Stephanie Alvarenga 2691603 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''atilana''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Transitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Transitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Morena Leiva--atilana.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Ghuizza net.jpg|thumb|250px|-atilana]] === Español === −Atilana V.T. Halar cosas del agua Nikatilana ne matamichin: Yo jalo la atarraya === English === -Ati..." 7255919 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''atilana''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Transitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Transitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Morena Leiva--atilana.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Ghuizza net.jpg|thumb|250px|-atilana]] === Español === −Atilana V.T. Halar cosas del agua Nikatilana ne matamichin: Yo jalo la atarraya === English === -Atilana VT Pulling things out of the water Nikatilana ne matamichin: I pull the cast net. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Transitivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] nb5li62kh1snv7hx0ctuc5lcsutalir 0 3791648 7255920 2026-07-19T22:55:34Z Taluk Kal 2691449 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''−pakiltilia''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Transitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Transitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Marcelomartinezhn--pakiltilia.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Soccer balls and dolls; Americans make Iraqi children smile DVIDS178049.jpg|Soccer_balls_and_dolls;_Americans_make_Iraqi_children_smile_DVIDS178049]]..." 7255920 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''−pakiltilia''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Transitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Transitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Marcelomartinezhn--pakiltilia.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Soccer balls and dolls; Americans make Iraqi children smile DVIDS178049.jpg|Soccer_balls_and_dolls;_Americans_make_Iraqi_children_smile_DVIDS178049]] === Español === Alegrar a alguien; dar ánimos. Naja nikpakiltilia María: Yo alegro a María === English === To cheer someone up; to give encouragement. Naja nikpakiltilia Maria: I make Maria happy [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Transitivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] 8wud36sn4ht040frcwbygr6m66nhlv0 0 3791649 7255921 2026-07-19T22:59:27Z Maritza Stephanie Alvarenga 2691603 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''-atepewa''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Transitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Transitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Morena Leiva--atepewa.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Laos Watermark 1971.jpg|thumb|250px|-atepewa]] === Español === −Atepewa V.T. Mojar (a huacaladas) Nikatepewa ne pelu: Yo mojo al perro. === English === -A..." 7255921 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''-atepewa''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Transitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Transitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Morena Leiva--atepewa.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Laos Watermark 1971.jpg|thumb|250px|-atepewa]] === Español === −Atepewa V.T. Mojar (a huacaladas) Nikatepewa ne pelu: Yo mojo al perro. === English === -Atepewa VT to wet someone or something using a water container Nikatepewa ne pelu: I wet the dog (using a small water spot) [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Transitivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] movhm1b4rb1ddnkjax8mewxt29024qx 0 3791650 7255922 2026-07-19T23:00:52Z Taluk Kal 2691449 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''(BORRA ESTO Y ESCRIBE LA PALABRA EN NÁHUAT/ERASE THIS AND WRITE THE WORDS IN NAWAT)''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Adjetivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Adjective ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Marcelomartinezhn-pajsulijtuk.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Disheveled Spider-Man (42885287464).jpg|Disheveled_Spider-Man_(42885287464)]]. === Español..." 7255922 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''(BORRA ESTO Y ESCRIBE LA PALABRA EN NÁHUAT/ERASE THIS AND WRITE THE WORDS IN NAWAT)''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Adjetivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Adjective ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Marcelomartinezhn-pajsulijtuk.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Disheveled Spider-Man (42885287464).jpg|Disheveled_Spider-Man_(42885287464)]]. === Español === Peludo; despeinado Ne pelu pajsulijtuk: El perro peludo. === English === Hairy; disheveled. The hairy dog. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Adjetivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] p5129mwj89o1zkltloflmbrt0rmc23h 0 3791651 7255924 2026-07-19T23:05:59Z Maritza Stephanie Alvarenga 2691603 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''atiltik''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Adjetivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Adjective ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Morena Leiva-atiltik.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Hallid color nomenclature for naturalists.jpg|thumb|250px|atiltik]] === Español === Atiltik Adj. Negro pálido (desteñido) Itachishka atiltik: Color negro pálido (desteñid..." 7255924 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''atiltik''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Adjetivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Adjective ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Morena Leiva-atiltik.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Hallid color nomenclature for naturalists.jpg|thumb|250px|atiltik]] === Español === Atiltik Adj. Negro pálido (desteñido) Itachishka atiltik: Color negro pálido (desteñido). Ne atiltik sala: El pantalón negro pálido (descolorido). === English === Atiltik Adj. Pale black (faded) Itachishka atiltik: Pale black (faded) color. Ne atiltik sala: The pale black (faded) pants. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Adjetivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] g7yhjnn209atcbh8fmrxacm4lwvx5u6 0 3791652 7255925 2026-07-19T23:11:17Z Taluk Kal 2691449 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" |'''Pakun''' ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Botánica ''Grammatical Category:'' Botanical ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Marcelomartinezhn-pakun.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File: [[File:Sapindus saponaria 611052287.jpg|Sapindus_saponaria_611052287]]. === Español === Pacún; Jaboncillo Ne pakun: El pacún === English === Pacún; Western Soapberry Ne..." 7255925 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" |'''Pakun''' ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Botánica ''Grammatical Category:'' Botanical ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Marcelomartinezhn-pakun.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File: [[File:Sapindus saponaria 611052287.jpg|Sapindus_saponaria_611052287]]. === Español === Pacún; Jaboncillo Ne pakun: El pacún === English === Pacún; Western Soapberry Ne pakun: The pacún [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Botánica]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] m1ughr25lwzb78s95n78gksxi6u15rt 0 3791653 7255926 2026-07-19T23:14:20Z Maritza Stephanie Alvarenga 2691603 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''atiluni''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Morena Leiva-atiluni.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Copo brasielrio.jpg]] atiluni. === Español === Atiluni Sust. Taza; vaso; recipiente para beber Niati tik ne atiluni: Yo tomo agua del vaso. === English === Atiluni Noun Cup;..." 7255926 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''atiluni''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Morena Leiva-atiluni.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Copo brasielrio.jpg]] atiluni. === Español === Atiluni Sust. Taza; vaso; recipiente para beber Niati tik ne atiluni: Yo tomo agua del vaso. === English === Atiluni Noun Cup; glass; drinking vessel Niati tik ne atiluni: I drink water from the glass. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Sustantivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] 5gthkefpz24jgxkggxownd9dq1kbu3z 0 3791654 7255927 2026-07-19T23:18:57Z Maritza Stephanie Alvarenga 2691603 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" |'''atin''' ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Zoología ''Grammatical Category:'' Zoology ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Morena Leiva-atin.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Male human head louse.jpg|thumb|250x250px|atin]] === Español === Atin Zoo. Piojo Ne atin patani: El piojo vuela. === English === Atin Zoo. Louse Ne atin patani: The louse fli..." 7255927 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" |'''atin''' ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Zoología ''Grammatical Category:'' Zoology ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Morena Leiva-atin.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Male human head louse.jpg|thumb|250x250px|atin]] === Español === Atin Zoo. Piojo Ne atin patani: El piojo vuela. === English === Atin Zoo. Louse Ne atin patani: The louse flies. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Zoología]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] hdvh2dtbkeds7hpjr9818job5xslf4q 0 3791655 7255928 2026-07-19T23:22:12Z Maritza Stephanie Alvarenga 2691603 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" |'''atukat''' ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Zoología ''Grammatical Category:'' Zoology ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Morena Leiva-atukat.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Octopus2.jpg|thumb|250x250px|atukat]] === Español === Atukat Zoo. Pulpo Ne atukat: El pulpo === English === Atukat Zoo. Octopus Ne atukat: The octopus. Category:Wt/ppl..." 7255928 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" |'''atukat''' ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Zoología ''Grammatical Category:'' Zoology ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Morena Leiva-atukat.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Octopus2.jpg|thumb|250x250px|atukat]] === Español === Atukat Zoo. Pulpo Ne atukat: El pulpo === English === Atukat Zoo. Octopus Ne atukat: The octopus. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Zoología]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] g13lj0rh9f4m70mwwje3a1sp15gmjib 0 3791656 7255929 2026-07-19T23:26:39Z Maritza Stephanie Alvarenga 2691603 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''atuki''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Morena Leiva-atuki.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:The whirlpool seized him.jpg|thumb|250px|atuki]] === Español === Atuki V.I. Hundirse; ahogarse Yaja atukik: Él se ahogó (hundió).' === English === Atuki V..." 7255929 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''atuki''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Morena Leiva-atuki.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:The whirlpool seized him.jpg|thumb|250px|atuki]] === Español === Atuki V.I. Hundirse; ahogarse Yaja atukik: Él se ahogó (hundió).' === English === Atuki VI To sink; to drown Yaja atukik: He drowned (sank). [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Intransitivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] 8ylvzb4zap6pwum51qxm3acs0j7szac 0 3791657 7255930 2026-07-19T23:29:21Z Maritza Stephanie Alvarenga 2691603 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''atul''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Morena Leiva-atul.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:100320 atol de elote guatemala.JPG|thumb|250px|atul]] === Español === Atul Sust. Atol Ajwiak ne atul: Es rico el atol. === English === Atul Noun Atol Ajwiak ne atul: The..." 7255930 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''atul''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Morena Leiva-atul.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:100320 atol de elote guatemala.JPG|thumb|250px|atul]] === Español === Atul Sust. Atol Ajwiak ne atul: Es rico el atol. === English === Atul Noun Atol Ajwiak ne atul: The atol is rich. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Sustantivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] 0bm8mugzkaacigt5bavwcz3oj6uo7qw 0 3791658 7255931 2026-07-19T23:32:16Z Maritza Stephanie Alvarenga 2691603 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''atul shukuk''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Morena Leiva-atul shukuk.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Atole agrio.jpg|thumb|250px|atul shukuk]] . === Español === Atul shukuk Sust. Atol shuco Ne atul shukuk: El atol agrio (atol shuco). === English === Atul shukuk Noun..." 7255931 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''atul shukuk''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Morena Leiva-atul shukuk.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Atole agrio.jpg|thumb|250px|atul shukuk]] . === Español === Atul shukuk Sust. Atol shuco Ne atul shukuk: El atol agrio (atol shuco). === English === Atul shukuk Noun Atol shuco Ne atul shukuk: The sour atol (atol shuco). [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Sustantivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] bmd47rzkynp31i51wopbg82ktitj3yb 0 3791659 7255933 2026-07-19T23:35:05Z Taluk Kal 2691449 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''pajti''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Marcelomartinezhn-pajti.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Pharmacie in Paulista Avenue.jpg|Pharmacie_in_Paulista_Avenue]] === Español === Medicina Ne tapajtiani nechmakak pajti: El doctor me dio medicina. === English === Medicine..." 7255933 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''pajti''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Marcelomartinezhn-pajti.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Pharmacie in Paulista Avenue.jpg|Pharmacie_in_Paulista_Avenue]] === Español === Medicina Ne tapajtiani nechmakak pajti: El doctor me dio medicina. === English === Medicine Ne tapajtiani nechmakak pajti: The doctor gave me medicine. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Sustantivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] q0t3pxcgskqnw4mt0n6n3u3rcc6kcdw 0 3791660 7255935 2026-07-19T23:37:12Z Maritza Stephanie Alvarenga 2691603 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''atultik''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Adjetivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Adjective ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Morena Leiva-atultik.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Rose pale yellow single flower.jpg|thumb|250px|atultik]] === Español === Atultik Adj. Amarillo pálido (desteñido) Itachishka atultik: Color amarillo pálido (desteñido)...." 7255935 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''atultik''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Adjetivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Adjective ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Morena Leiva-atultik.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Rose pale yellow single flower.jpg|thumb|250px|atultik]] === Español === Atultik Adj. Amarillo pálido (desteñido) Itachishka atultik: Color amarillo pálido (desteñido). Ne kinia atultik, kenhayuk shushuik: El guineo esta amarillo pálido, todavía esta tierno. === English === Atultik Adj. Pale yellow (faded) Itachishka atultik: Pale yellow (faded) color. Ne kinia atultik, kenhayuk shushuik:The banana is pale yellow, still tender [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Adjetivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] 36lzrqjp46olozadtf2vk8jl3hphh28 0 3791661 7255936 2026-07-19T23:41:17Z Maritza Stephanie Alvarenga 2691603 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''atuluchnaj''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Adjetivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Adjective ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Morena Leiva-atuluchnaj.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Ripe Plantain 001.jpg|thumb|250px|atuluchnaj]] === Español === Atuluchnaj Adj. Chorreado (por madurez) Ne kinia atuluchnaj, sujsul uksituk: El guineo chorrea, está mu..." 7255936 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''atuluchnaj''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Adjetivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Adjective ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Morena Leiva-atuluchnaj.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Ripe Plantain 001.jpg|thumb|250px|atuluchnaj]] === Español === Atuluchnaj Adj. Chorreado (por madurez) Ne kinia atuluchnaj, sujsul uksituk: El guineo chorrea, está muy maduro. === English === Atuluchnaj Adj. Dripping (due to maturity) Ne kinia atuluchnaj, sujsul uksituk:The banana is dripping, it is very ripe. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Adjetivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] 1jauqs8n9fxt8lnwntf27g424anc3sj 0 3791662 7255937 2026-07-19T23:43:45Z Maritza Stephanie Alvarenga 2691603 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''atutun''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Morena Leiva-atutun.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:A small cup of coffee.JPG|thumb|250px|atutun]] === Español === Atutun Sust. Café; té (Agua caliente) Ajwiak ne atutun: Es rico el café. === English === Atutun Noun Coffee;..." 7255937 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''atutun''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Morena Leiva-atutun.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:A small cup of coffee.JPG|thumb|250px|atutun]] === Español === Atutun Sust. Café; té (Agua caliente) Ajwiak ne atutun: Es rico el café. === English === Atutun Noun Coffee; tea (hot water) Ajwiak ne atutun: The coffee is delicious. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Sustantivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] oneeyr5eampn7pcnpbl595awpm5gpcl 0 3791663 7255938 2026-07-19T23:45:45Z Didierwiki 2601876 introduction d'article baoulé 7255938 wikitext text/x-wiki Parc National du Mont Péko ti nvle kun m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia atɔliɛ lɔ lika’n nun’n, Duékoué lɔ lika’n nun lɔ, Bangolo nin Duékoué be akpasua be afiɛn. Ɔ ti asiɛ 34.000 ha [[Category:Wp/bci]] njqo2ethz7q5j800wjny1y41f6sx5nm 7255940 7255938 2026-07-19T23:47:26Z Didierwiki 2601876 Ajout de titre de section 7255940 wikitext text/x-wiki Parc National du Mont Péko ti nvle kun m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia atɔliɛ lɔ lika’n nun’n, Duékoué lɔ lika’n nun lɔ, Bangolo nin Duékoué be akpasua be afiɛn. Ɔ ti asiɛ 34.000 ha == Lã n'dɛ == [[Category:Wp/bci]] d2ri8zbn3ajqt8q1qbu0ol3tpg7txw9 7255941 7255940 2026-07-19T23:52:16Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* Lã n'dɛ */ Ajout de paragraphe 7255941 wikitext text/x-wiki Parc National du Mont Péko ti nvle kun m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia atɔliɛ lɔ lika’n nun’n, Duékoué lɔ lika’n nun lɔ, Bangolo nin Duékoué be akpasua be afiɛn. Ɔ ti asiɛ 34.000 ha == Lã n'dɛ == Be yili Côte d’Ivoire i nvle’n i lika nga be flɛ i kɛ parcs nationaux , ɔ nin lika nga be sasa bo be lɔ’n, naan lika’n w’a yo kɛ laa’n sa. [[Category:Wp/bci]] 0rlosnkx96fkwq0eovy4pugjf190ul3 7255947 7255941 2026-07-19T23:59:42Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* Lã n'dɛ */ Ajout de paragraphe 7255947 wikitext text/x-wiki Parc National du Mont Péko ti nvle kun m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia atɔliɛ lɔ lika’n nun’n, Duékoué lɔ lika’n nun lɔ, Bangolo nin Duékoué be akpasua be afiɛn. Ɔ ti asiɛ 34.000 ha == Lã n'dɛ == Be yili Côte d’Ivoire i nvle’n i lika nga be flɛ i kɛ parcs nationaux , ɔ nin lika nga be sasa bo be lɔ’n, naan lika’n w’a yo kɛ laa’n sa. Be fali mmla 68-69, afuɛ 1968, djouaklé i le 9 su’n, be fa sasa Kahoué oka’n (mɛtri 967) nin Péko oka’n (mɛtri 1.002), ɔ nin bo nin nnɛn nga be o lika sɔ’n nun’n, be ti su. Be yili lika sɔ’n naan fluwa sifuɛ dandan’m be kunndɛ like naan be kle sran’m be like. [[Category:Wp/bci]] g8wiibxqnbcwcb6r41966404l6y2x1c 7255951 7255947 2026-07-20T00:05:11Z Didierwiki 2601876 Ajout de titre de section 7255951 wikitext text/x-wiki Parc National du Mont Péko ti nvle kun m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia atɔliɛ lɔ lika’n nun’n, Duékoué lɔ lika’n nun lɔ, Bangolo nin Duékoué be akpasua be afiɛn. Ɔ ti asiɛ 34.000 ha == Lã n'dɛ == Be yili Côte d’Ivoire i nvle’n i lika nga be flɛ i kɛ parcs nationaux , ɔ nin lika nga be sasa bo be lɔ’n, naan lika’n w’a yo kɛ laa’n sa. Be fali mmla 68-69, afuɛ 1968, djouaklé i le 9 su’n, be fa sasa Kahoué oka’n (mɛtri 967) nin Péko oka’n (mɛtri 1.002), ɔ nin bo nin nnɛn nga be o lika sɔ’n nun’n, be ti su. Be yili lika sɔ’n naan fluwa sifuɛ dandan’m be kunndɛ like naan be kle sran’m be like. Ɔ ti nvle’n i lika 8 nga be flɛ i kɛ parki’n be nun kun, yɛ be fali i dunman’n be fin Peko oka’n, m’ɔ ti mɛtɛ 833’n. == ikleklelɛ == [[Category:Wp/bci]] mdj3iryq7jexgo8a1sonnwe6grimu3g 7255955 7255951 2026-07-20T00:17:01Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* ikleklelɛ */ Ajout de paragraphe 7255955 wikitext text/x-wiki Parc National du Mont Péko ti nvle kun m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia atɔliɛ lɔ lika’n nun’n, Duékoué lɔ lika’n nun lɔ, Bangolo nin Duékoué be akpasua be afiɛn. Ɔ ti asiɛ 34.000 ha == Lã n'dɛ == Be yili Côte d’Ivoire i nvle’n i lika nga be flɛ i kɛ parcs nationaux , ɔ nin lika nga be sasa bo be lɔ’n, naan lika’n w’a yo kɛ laa’n sa. Be fali mmla 68-69, afuɛ 1968, djouaklé i le 9 su’n, be fa sasa Kahoué oka’n (mɛtri 967) nin Péko oka’n (mɛtri 1.002), ɔ nin bo nin nnɛn nga be o lika sɔ’n nun’n, be ti su. Be yili lika sɔ’n naan fluwa sifuɛ dandan’m be kunndɛ like naan be kle sran’m be like. Ɔ ti nvle’n i lika 8 nga be flɛ i kɛ parki’n be nun kun, yɛ be fali i dunman’n be fin Peko oka’n, m’ɔ ti mɛtɛ 833’n. == ikleklelɛ == Lika klanman sɔ’n, waka nɲa nin yɔbuɛ dandan nga be flɛ i kɛ granite’n, be o lɛ. Asa ekun’n, nzue ba klanman kpa’m be o lɔ. Sran’m be si i kpa kɛ i nun waka’m be sɔnnin kpa, yɛ oka’m be su waka nin waka wafawafa nga be o lã waka’m be nun’n, be o nun. Bo lika sɔ’n i lika’n ti kɛ équateur sa, afuɛ’n i wunmuan’n nun’n, lika’n ti mlanmlanmlan yɛ lika’n ti mlanmlanmlan. Ɔ o Sasandra nzue ba’n i nun lɔ. Buyo nin Man–Séguéla atin’n i nuan lɔ’n, nzue ba’n i bue bɛ su lɔ’n, waka dan kpa kun te o lɛ. Lika sɔ’n nun’n, bo nga be flɛ i kɛ Haut-Sassandra’n, ɔ ti bo dandan nga be ka lɛ’n be nun kun. [[Category:Wp/bci]] lgs7xa03si0ga10obs7d467esu7935c 7255956 7255955 2026-07-20T00:17:55Z Didierwiki 2601876 Ajout de titre de section 7255956 wikitext text/x-wiki Parc National du Mont Péko ti nvle kun m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia atɔliɛ lɔ lika’n nun’n, Duékoué lɔ lika’n nun lɔ, Bangolo nin Duékoué be akpasua be afiɛn. Ɔ ti asiɛ 34.000 ha == Lã n'dɛ == Be yili Côte d’Ivoire i nvle’n i lika nga be flɛ i kɛ parcs nationaux , ɔ nin lika nga be sasa bo be lɔ’n, naan lika’n w’a yo kɛ laa’n sa. Be fali mmla 68-69, afuɛ 1968, djouaklé i le 9 su’n, be fa sasa Kahoué oka’n (mɛtri 967) nin Péko oka’n (mɛtri 1.002), ɔ nin bo nin nnɛn nga be o lika sɔ’n nun’n, be ti su. Be yili lika sɔ’n naan fluwa sifuɛ dandan’m be kunndɛ like naan be kle sran’m be like. Ɔ ti nvle’n i lika 8 nga be flɛ i kɛ parki’n be nun kun, yɛ be fali i dunman’n be fin Peko oka’n, m’ɔ ti mɛtɛ 833’n. == ikleklelɛ == Lika klanman sɔ’n, waka nɲa nin yɔbuɛ dandan nga be flɛ i kɛ granite’n, be o lɛ. Asa ekun’n, nzue ba klanman kpa’m be o lɔ. Sran’m be si i kpa kɛ i nun waka’m be sɔnnin kpa, yɛ oka’m be su waka nin waka wafawafa nga be o lã waka’m be nun’n, be o nun. Bo lika sɔ’n i lika’n ti kɛ équateur sa, afuɛ’n i wunmuan’n nun’n, lika’n ti mlanmlanmlan yɛ lika’n ti mlanmlanmlan. Ɔ o Sasandra nzue ba’n i nun lɔ. Buyo nin Man–Séguéla atin’n i nuan lɔ’n, nzue ba’n i bue bɛ su lɔ’n, waka dan kpa kun te o lɛ. Lika sɔ’n nun’n, bo nga be flɛ i kɛ Haut-Sassandra’n, ɔ ti bo dandan nga be ka lɛ’n be nun kun. == nnɛn'm == [[Category:Wp/bci]] f0zulgie3z1mumzsgqb09hm2n6g3xvf 7255957 7255956 2026-07-20T00:20:27Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* nnɛn'm */ Ajout de paragraphe 7255957 wikitext text/x-wiki Parc National du Mont Péko ti nvle kun m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia atɔliɛ lɔ lika’n nun’n, Duékoué lɔ lika’n nun lɔ, Bangolo nin Duékoué be akpasua be afiɛn. Ɔ ti asiɛ 34.000 ha == Lã n'dɛ == Be yili Côte d’Ivoire i nvle’n i lika nga be flɛ i kɛ parcs nationaux , ɔ nin lika nga be sasa bo be lɔ’n, naan lika’n w’a yo kɛ laa’n sa. Be fali mmla 68-69, afuɛ 1968, djouaklé i le 9 su’n, be fa sasa Kahoué oka’n (mɛtri 967) nin Péko oka’n (mɛtri 1.002), ɔ nin bo nin nnɛn nga be o lika sɔ’n nun’n, be ti su. Be yili lika sɔ’n naan fluwa sifuɛ dandan’m be kunndɛ like naan be kle sran’m be like. Ɔ ti nvle’n i lika 8 nga be flɛ i kɛ parki’n be nun kun, yɛ be fali i dunman’n be fin Peko oka’n, m’ɔ ti mɛtɛ 833’n. == ikleklelɛ == Lika klanman sɔ’n, waka nɲa nin yɔbuɛ dandan nga be flɛ i kɛ granite’n, be o lɛ. Asa ekun’n, nzue ba klanman kpa’m be o lɔ. Sran’m be si i kpa kɛ i nun waka’m be sɔnnin kpa, yɛ oka’m be su waka nin waka wafawafa nga be o lã waka’m be nun’n, be o nun. Bo lika sɔ’n i lika’n ti kɛ équateur sa, afuɛ’n i wunmuan’n nun’n, lika’n ti mlanmlanmlan yɛ lika’n ti mlanmlanmlan. Ɔ o Sasandra nzue ba’n i nun lɔ. Buyo nin Man–Séguéla atin’n i nuan lɔ’n, nzue ba’n i bue bɛ su lɔ’n, waka dan kpa kun te o lɛ. Lika sɔ’n nun’n, bo nga be flɛ i kɛ Haut-Sassandra’n, ɔ ti bo dandan nga be ka lɛ’n be nun kun. == nnɛn'm == Kannzɛ bɔbɔ lika sɔ’n ti kaan, yɛ klɔ kanngan’m be bo sin yia i’n, sanngɛ nnɛn kaka be te o lɔ, yɛ nnɛn dandan kɛ sui sa’m be o nun wie. I sɔ’n kle kɛ nnɛn kunlɛ’n te o lɛ, sanngɛ ɔ yo kɛ i sɔ’n ti kaan sa, yɛ lɔfuɛ mun yɛ be yo i dan kpa naan b’a di be bɔbɔ be aliɛ’n niɔn. [[Category:Wp/bci]] k9kn1fre2sxi7w8pu2ljymik8hyxepq 7255958 7255957 2026-07-20T00:24:17Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* nnɛn'm */ Ajout de paragraphe 7255958 wikitext text/x-wiki Parc National du Mont Péko ti nvle kun m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia atɔliɛ lɔ lika’n nun’n, Duékoué lɔ lika’n nun lɔ, Bangolo nin Duékoué be akpasua be afiɛn. Ɔ ti asiɛ 34.000 ha == Lã n'dɛ == Be yili Côte d’Ivoire i nvle’n i lika nga be flɛ i kɛ parcs nationaux , ɔ nin lika nga be sasa bo be lɔ’n, naan lika’n w’a yo kɛ laa’n sa. Be fali mmla 68-69, afuɛ 1968, djouaklé i le 9 su’n, be fa sasa Kahoué oka’n (mɛtri 967) nin Péko oka’n (mɛtri 1.002), ɔ nin bo nin nnɛn nga be o lika sɔ’n nun’n, be ti su. Be yili lika sɔ’n naan fluwa sifuɛ dandan’m be kunndɛ like naan be kle sran’m be like. Ɔ ti nvle’n i lika 8 nga be flɛ i kɛ parki’n be nun kun, yɛ be fali i dunman’n be fin Peko oka’n, m’ɔ ti mɛtɛ 833’n. == ikleklelɛ == Lika klanman sɔ’n, waka nɲa nin yɔbuɛ dandan nga be flɛ i kɛ granite’n, be o lɛ. Asa ekun’n, nzue ba klanman kpa’m be o lɔ. Sran’m be si i kpa kɛ i nun waka’m be sɔnnin kpa, yɛ oka’m be su waka nin waka wafawafa nga be o lã waka’m be nun’n, be o nun. Bo lika sɔ’n i lika’n ti kɛ équateur sa, afuɛ’n i wunmuan’n nun’n, lika’n ti mlanmlanmlan yɛ lika’n ti mlanmlanmlan. Ɔ o Sasandra nzue ba’n i nun lɔ. Buyo nin Man–Séguéla atin’n i nuan lɔ’n, nzue ba’n i bue bɛ su lɔ’n, waka dan kpa kun te o lɛ. Lika sɔ’n nun’n, bo nga be flɛ i kɛ Haut-Sassandra’n, ɔ ti bo dandan nga be ka lɛ’n be nun kun. == nnɛn'm == Kannzɛ bɔbɔ lika sɔ’n ti kaan, yɛ klɔ kanngan’m be bo sin yia i’n, sanngɛ nnɛn kaka be te o lɔ, yɛ nnɛn dandan kɛ sui sa’m be o nun wie. I sɔ’n kle kɛ nnɛn kunlɛ’n te o lɛ, sanngɛ ɔ yo kɛ i sɔ’n ti kaan sa, yɛ lɔfuɛ mun yɛ be yo i dan kpa naan b’a di be bɔbɔ be aliɛ’n niɔn. Nnɛn dandan nin wafawafa nga be o lika sɔ’n nun’n, be nun wie yɛle sui mun, nin djra mun, nin nnɛn kpanngɔ mun, nin duikɛ mun, nin nnɛn kpanngɔ mun, nin nnɛn kpanngɔ mun, ɔ nin wie mun ekun. Be kwla sin atin kpanngban be kɔ lika sɔ’n nun. [[Category:Wp/bci]] spkchk7xdj85xixkicujnarkbji6pgp 7255960 7255958 2026-07-20T00:35:55Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* nnɛn'm */ Ajout de paragraphe 7255960 wikitext text/x-wiki Parc National du Mont Péko ti nvle kun m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia atɔliɛ lɔ lika’n nun’n, Duékoué lɔ lika’n nun lɔ, Bangolo nin Duékoué be akpasua be afiɛn. Ɔ ti asiɛ 34.000 ha == Lã n'dɛ == Be yili Côte d’Ivoire i nvle’n i lika nga be flɛ i kɛ parcs nationaux , ɔ nin lika nga be sasa bo be lɔ’n, naan lika’n w’a yo kɛ laa’n sa. Be fali mmla 68-69, afuɛ 1968, djouaklé i le 9 su’n, be fa sasa Kahoué oka’n (mɛtri 967) nin Péko oka’n (mɛtri 1.002), ɔ nin bo nin nnɛn nga be o lika sɔ’n nun’n, be ti su. Be yili lika sɔ’n naan fluwa sifuɛ dandan’m be kunndɛ like naan be kle sran’m be like. Ɔ ti nvle’n i lika 8 nga be flɛ i kɛ parki’n be nun kun, yɛ be fali i dunman’n be fin Peko oka’n, m’ɔ ti mɛtɛ 833’n. == ikleklelɛ == Lika klanman sɔ’n, waka nɲa nin yɔbuɛ dandan nga be flɛ i kɛ granite’n, be o lɛ. Asa ekun’n, nzue ba klanman kpa’m be o lɔ. Sran’m be si i kpa kɛ i nun waka’m be sɔnnin kpa, yɛ oka’m be su waka nin waka wafawafa nga be o lã waka’m be nun’n, be o nun. Bo lika sɔ’n i lika’n ti kɛ équateur sa, afuɛ’n i wunmuan’n nun’n, lika’n ti mlanmlanmlan yɛ lika’n ti mlanmlanmlan. Ɔ o Sasandra nzue ba’n i nun lɔ. Buyo nin Man–Séguéla atin’n i nuan lɔ’n, nzue ba’n i bue bɛ su lɔ’n, waka dan kpa kun te o lɛ. Lika sɔ’n nun’n, bo nga be flɛ i kɛ Haut-Sassandra’n, ɔ ti bo dandan nga be ka lɛ’n be nun kun. == nnɛn'm == Kannzɛ bɔbɔ lika sɔ’n ti kaan, yɛ klɔ kanngan’m be bo sin yia i’n, sanngɛ nnɛn kaka be te o lɔ, yɛ nnɛn dandan kɛ sui sa’m be o nun wie. I sɔ’n kle kɛ nnɛn kunlɛ’n te o lɛ, sanngɛ ɔ yo kɛ i sɔ’n ti kaan sa, yɛ lɔfuɛ mun yɛ be yo i dan kpa naan b’a di be bɔbɔ be aliɛ’n niɔn. Nnɛn dandan nin wafawafa nga be o lika sɔ’n nun’n, be nun wie yɛle sui mun, nin djra mun, nin nnɛn kpanngɔ mun, nin duikɛ mun, nin nnɛn kpanngɔ mun, nin nnɛn kpanngɔ mun, ɔ nin wie mun ekun. Be kwla sin atin kpanngban be kɔ lika sɔ’n nun. Like nga be ti cinnjin kpa’n, be sɔnnin lika sɔ’n nun, i li yɛbuɛ nga be o lɔ’n mɔ be ti abonuan’n, mɔ be nun kɔlɛ’n ti pɔpɔ’n. Afuɛ nga be sinnin lɛ’n nun’n, nvle’n i lika sɔ’n i lika dan kun’n, kakaa fie nga be di be mlɔnmlɔn’n, be fali be. [[Category:Wp/bci]] qepaszf8eruhk5rkj5an88tp7nxn2y4 7255961 7255960 2026-07-20T00:42:45Z Didierwiki 2601876 Ajout de titre de section 7255961 wikitext text/x-wiki Parc National du Mont Péko ti nvle kun m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia atɔliɛ lɔ lika’n nun’n, Duékoué lɔ lika’n nun lɔ, Bangolo nin Duékoué be akpasua be afiɛn. Ɔ ti asiɛ 34.000 ha == Lã n'dɛ == Be yili Côte d’Ivoire i nvle’n i lika nga be flɛ i kɛ parcs nationaux , ɔ nin lika nga be sasa bo be lɔ’n, naan lika’n w’a yo kɛ laa’n sa. Be fali mmla 68-69, afuɛ 1968, djouaklé i le 9 su’n, be fa sasa Kahoué oka’n (mɛtri 967) nin Péko oka’n (mɛtri 1.002), ɔ nin bo nin nnɛn nga be o lika sɔ’n nun’n, be ti su. Be yili lika sɔ’n naan fluwa sifuɛ dandan’m be kunndɛ like naan be kle sran’m be like. Ɔ ti nvle’n i lika 8 nga be flɛ i kɛ parki’n be nun kun, yɛ be fali i dunman’n be fin Peko oka’n, m’ɔ ti mɛtɛ 833’n. == ikleklelɛ == Lika klanman sɔ’n, waka nɲa nin yɔbuɛ dandan nga be flɛ i kɛ granite’n, be o lɛ. Asa ekun’n, nzue ba klanman kpa’m be o lɔ. Sran’m be si i kpa kɛ i nun waka’m be sɔnnin kpa, yɛ oka’m be su waka nin waka wafawafa nga be o lã waka’m be nun’n, be o nun. Bo lika sɔ’n i lika’n ti kɛ équateur sa, afuɛ’n i wunmuan’n nun’n, lika’n ti mlanmlanmlan yɛ lika’n ti mlanmlanmlan. Ɔ o Sasandra nzue ba’n i nun lɔ. Buyo nin Man–Séguéla atin’n i nuan lɔ’n, nzue ba’n i bue bɛ su lɔ’n, waka dan kpa kun te o lɛ. Lika sɔ’n nun’n, bo nga be flɛ i kɛ Haut-Sassandra’n, ɔ ti bo dandan nga be ka lɛ’n be nun kun. == nnɛn'm == Kannzɛ bɔbɔ lika sɔ’n ti kaan, yɛ klɔ kanngan’m be bo sin yia i’n, sanngɛ nnɛn kaka be te o lɔ, yɛ nnɛn dandan kɛ sui sa’m be o nun wie. I sɔ’n kle kɛ nnɛn kunlɛ’n te o lɛ, sanngɛ ɔ yo kɛ i sɔ’n ti kaan sa, yɛ lɔfuɛ mun yɛ be yo i dan kpa naan b’a di be bɔbɔ be aliɛ’n niɔn. Nnɛn dandan nin wafawafa nga be o lika sɔ’n nun’n, be nun wie yɛle sui mun, nin djra mun, nin nnɛn kpanngɔ mun, nin duikɛ mun, nin nnɛn kpanngɔ mun, nin nnɛn kpanngɔ mun, ɔ nin wie mun ekun. Be kwla sin atin kpanngban be kɔ lika sɔ’n nun. Like nga be ti cinnjin kpa’n, be sɔnnin lika sɔ’n nun, i li yɛbuɛ nga be o lɔ’n mɔ be ti abonuan’n, mɔ be nun kɔlɛ’n ti pɔpɔ’n. Afuɛ nga be sinnin lɛ’n nun’n, nvle’n i lika sɔ’n i lika dan kun’n, kakaa fie nga be di be mlɔnmlɔn’n, be fali be. == Waka nga be ɲin lika kun annzɛ lika kun nun’n, be bo nun == [[Category:Wp/bci]] qdncogcx6nagie4dt9ob19mf6u3q0pi 7255964 7255961 2026-07-20T00:48:05Z Didierwiki 2601876 /* Waka nga be ɲin lika kun annzɛ lika kun nun’n, be bo nun */ Ajout de paragraphe 7255964 wikitext text/x-wiki Parc National du Mont Péko ti nvle kun m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia atɔliɛ lɔ lika’n nun’n, Duékoué lɔ lika’n nun lɔ, Bangolo nin Duékoué be akpasua be afiɛn. Ɔ ti asiɛ 34.000 ha == Lã n'dɛ == Be yili Côte d’Ivoire i nvle’n i lika nga be flɛ i kɛ parcs nationaux , ɔ nin lika nga be sasa bo be lɔ’n, naan lika’n w’a yo kɛ laa’n sa. Be fali mmla 68-69, afuɛ 1968, djouaklé i le 9 su’n, be fa sasa Kahoué oka’n (mɛtri 967) nin Péko oka’n (mɛtri 1.002), ɔ nin bo nin nnɛn nga be o lika sɔ’n nun’n, be ti su. Be yili lika sɔ’n naan fluwa sifuɛ dandan’m be kunndɛ like naan be kle sran’m be like. Ɔ ti nvle’n i lika 8 nga be flɛ i kɛ parki’n be nun kun, yɛ be fali i dunman’n be fin Peko oka’n, m’ɔ ti mɛtɛ 833’n. == ikleklelɛ == Lika klanman sɔ’n, waka nɲa nin yɔbuɛ dandan nga be flɛ i kɛ granite’n, be o lɛ. Asa ekun’n, nzue ba klanman kpa’m be o lɔ. Sran’m be si i kpa kɛ i nun waka’m be sɔnnin kpa, yɛ oka’m be su waka nin waka wafawafa nga be o lã waka’m be nun’n, be o nun. Bo lika sɔ’n i lika’n ti kɛ équateur sa, afuɛ’n i wunmuan’n nun’n, lika’n ti mlanmlanmlan yɛ lika’n ti mlanmlanmlan. Ɔ o Sasandra nzue ba’n i nun lɔ. Buyo nin Man–Séguéla atin’n i nuan lɔ’n, nzue ba’n i bue bɛ su lɔ’n, waka dan kpa kun te o lɛ. Lika sɔ’n nun’n, bo nga be flɛ i kɛ Haut-Sassandra’n, ɔ ti bo dandan nga be ka lɛ’n be nun kun. == nnɛn'm == Kannzɛ bɔbɔ lika sɔ’n ti kaan, yɛ klɔ kanngan’m be bo sin yia i’n, sanngɛ nnɛn kaka be te o lɔ, yɛ nnɛn dandan kɛ sui sa’m be o nun wie. I sɔ’n kle kɛ nnɛn kunlɛ’n te o lɛ, sanngɛ ɔ yo kɛ i sɔ’n ti kaan sa, yɛ lɔfuɛ mun yɛ be yo i dan kpa naan b’a di be bɔbɔ be aliɛ’n niɔn. Nnɛn dandan nin wafawafa nga be o lika sɔ’n nun’n, be nun wie yɛle sui mun, nin djra mun, nin nnɛn kpanngɔ mun, nin duikɛ mun, nin nnɛn kpanngɔ mun, nin nnɛn kpanngɔ mun, ɔ nin wie mun ekun. Be kwla sin atin kpanngban be kɔ lika sɔ’n nun. Like nga be ti cinnjin kpa’n, be sɔnnin lika sɔ’n nun, i li yɛbuɛ nga be o lɔ’n mɔ be ti abonuan’n, mɔ be nun kɔlɛ’n ti pɔpɔ’n. Afuɛ nga be sinnin lɛ’n nun’n, nvle’n i lika sɔ’n i lika dan kun’n, kakaa fie nga be di be mlɔnmlɔn’n, be fali be. == Waka nga be ɲin lika kun annzɛ lika kun nun’n, be bo nun == Kɛ be fali nzɔliɛ nin like nga be niannin’n be niannin nun kpɛ sunman’n, like nga be wunnin i’n, ɔ kle kɛ waka nga be o Parc National Peko oka su’n, be siesie be wun kpɛ sunman. Waka awlobo nga be ti nzɔliɛ kpa’n, yɛle Fabacées klikli’n, i sin’n, Rubiacées, nin Malvacées , ɔ nin Moracées. [[Category:Wp/bci]] i06ojaf9c37i62g9e6c4hxarjvo6uu3 7255965 7255964 2026-07-20T00:48:43Z Didierwiki 2601876 Ajout de liens interwiki à [[d:Q370370]] 7255965 wikitext text/x-wiki Parc National du Mont Péko ti nvle kun m’ɔ o Côte d’Ivoire i wia atɔliɛ lɔ lika’n nun’n, Duékoué lɔ lika’n nun lɔ, Bangolo nin Duékoué be akpasua be afiɛn. Ɔ ti asiɛ 34.000 ha == Lã n'dɛ == Be yili Côte d’Ivoire i nvle’n i lika nga be flɛ i kɛ parcs nationaux , ɔ nin lika nga be sasa bo be lɔ’n, naan lika’n w’a yo kɛ laa’n sa. Be fali mmla 68-69, afuɛ 1968, djouaklé i le 9 su’n, be fa sasa Kahoué oka’n (mɛtri 967) nin Péko oka’n (mɛtri 1.002), ɔ nin bo nin nnɛn nga be o lika sɔ’n nun’n, be ti su. Be yili lika sɔ’n naan fluwa sifuɛ dandan’m be kunndɛ like naan be kle sran’m be like. Ɔ ti nvle’n i lika 8 nga be flɛ i kɛ parki’n be nun kun, yɛ be fali i dunman’n be fin Peko oka’n, m’ɔ ti mɛtɛ 833’n. == ikleklelɛ == Lika klanman sɔ’n, waka nɲa nin yɔbuɛ dandan nga be flɛ i kɛ granite’n, be o lɛ. Asa ekun’n, nzue ba klanman kpa’m be o lɔ. Sran’m be si i kpa kɛ i nun waka’m be sɔnnin kpa, yɛ oka’m be su waka nin waka wafawafa nga be o lã waka’m be nun’n, be o nun. Bo lika sɔ’n i lika’n ti kɛ équateur sa, afuɛ’n i wunmuan’n nun’n, lika’n ti mlanmlanmlan yɛ lika’n ti mlanmlanmlan. Ɔ o Sasandra nzue ba’n i nun lɔ. Buyo nin Man–Séguéla atin’n i nuan lɔ’n, nzue ba’n i bue bɛ su lɔ’n, waka dan kpa kun te o lɛ. Lika sɔ’n nun’n, bo nga be flɛ i kɛ Haut-Sassandra’n, ɔ ti bo dandan nga be ka lɛ’n be nun kun. == nnɛn'm == Kannzɛ bɔbɔ lika sɔ’n ti kaan, yɛ klɔ kanngan’m be bo sin yia i’n, sanngɛ nnɛn kaka be te o lɔ, yɛ nnɛn dandan kɛ sui sa’m be o nun wie. I sɔ’n kle kɛ nnɛn kunlɛ’n te o lɛ, sanngɛ ɔ yo kɛ i sɔ’n ti kaan sa, yɛ lɔfuɛ mun yɛ be yo i dan kpa naan b’a di be bɔbɔ be aliɛ’n niɔn. Nnɛn dandan nin wafawafa nga be o lika sɔ’n nun’n, be nun wie yɛle sui mun, nin djra mun, nin nnɛn kpanngɔ mun, nin duikɛ mun, nin nnɛn kpanngɔ mun, nin nnɛn kpanngɔ mun, ɔ nin wie mun ekun. Be kwla sin atin kpanngban be kɔ lika sɔ’n nun. Like nga be ti cinnjin kpa’n, be sɔnnin lika sɔ’n nun, i li yɛbuɛ nga be o lɔ’n mɔ be ti abonuan’n, mɔ be nun kɔlɛ’n ti pɔpɔ’n. Afuɛ nga be sinnin lɛ’n nun’n, nvle’n i lika sɔ’n i lika dan kun’n, kakaa fie nga be di be mlɔnmlɔn’n, be fali be. == Waka nga be ɲin lika kun annzɛ lika kun nun’n, be bo nun == Kɛ be fali nzɔliɛ nin like nga be niannin’n be niannin nun kpɛ sunman’n, like nga be wunnin i’n, ɔ kle kɛ waka nga be o Parc National Peko oka su’n, be siesie be wun kpɛ sunman. Waka awlobo nga be ti nzɔliɛ kpa’n, yɛle Fabacées klikli’n, i sin’n, Rubiacées, nin Malvacées , ɔ nin Moracées. [[Category:Wp/bci]] {{INTERWIKI|Q370370}} lznfjevxwik3j0xnw0yzmyy36e4l3em 0 3791664 7255939 2026-07-19T23:46:48Z Maritza Stephanie Alvarenga 2691603 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" |'''atutut''' ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Zoología ''Grammatical Category:'' Zoology ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Morena Leiva-atutut.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Sander-pinguins.jpg|thumb|250x250px|atutut)]] === Español === Atutut Zoo. Pingüino Ne atutut: El pingüino (pájaro de agua). === English === Atutut Zoo. Penguin Ne atutut:..." 7255939 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" |'''atutut''' ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Zoología ''Grammatical Category:'' Zoology ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Morena Leiva-atutut.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Sander-pinguins.jpg|thumb|250x250px|atutut)]] === Español === Atutut Zoo. Pingüino Ne atutut: El pingüino (pájaro de agua). === English === Atutut Zoo. Penguin Ne atutut: The penguin (water bird). [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Zoología]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] rhoj4lilpddieyw3p4tfxc6s3c5b56s 0 3791665 7255942 2026-07-19T23:52:25Z VanModers 2551723 Created page with "{{Wp/frs/Inf'rmóósjoonsboks Land |Nóóm = Portugal |Bild = Flag of Portugal.svg |Bildbräed't = 150px |Tóól = [[Wp/frs/Portugiisk|Portugiisk]] |Hoovdstad = [[Wp/frs/Lissóbon|Lissóbon]] |Inwoonertóól = 11.424.031 (31. desember 2025) |Flâakt = 92.212 km² |Besiidelnsdiecht't = 124 inwooners/km² |Grünnen = 1143 |Regäärensföörm = Wp/frs/Semipresidensjel republik|Semip..." 7255942 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/frs/Inf'rmóósjoonsboks Land |Nóóm = Portugal |Bild = Flag of Portugal.svg |Bildbräed't = 150px |Tóól = [[Wp/frs/Portugiisk|Portugiisk]] |Hoovdstad = [[Wp/frs/Lissóbon|Lissóbon]] |Inwoonertóól = 11.424.031 (31. desember 2025) |Flâakt = 92.212 km² |Besiidelnsdiecht't = 124 inwooners/km² |Grünnen = 1143 |Regäärensföörm = [[Wp/frs/Semipresidensjel republik|Semipresidensjel republik]] }} '''Portugal''' ([[Wp/frs/Portugiisk|portugiisk]] ''Portugal''), amtelk däi '''Portugiisk Republik''', is 'n stóót in 't süüdwest fan [[Wp/frs/Europó|Europó]]. Dat land liğt in 't west fan dat [[Wp/frs/Ibeersk Halfailand|Ibeersk Halfailand]] un het bloot mit [[Wp/frs/Spóónjen|Spóónjen]] 'n landsgräens. In 't west un süüed liğt däi [[Wp/frs/Atlantisk Oseóón|Atlantisk Oseóón]]. Tau Portugal höörent ook däi ailandgruppen [[Wp/frs/Atsooren|Atsooren]] un Madeira. Hoovdstad un grôotst stad is [[Wp/frs/Lissóbon|Lissóbon]]; 'n anner wichtiğ tsentrum is Porto. Up d' 31. desember 2025 haar Portugal r.w. 11,4 miljoonen inwooners.<ref name="INE">[https://www.ine.pt/ngt_server/attachfileu.jsp?att_display=n&att_download=y&look_parentBoui=799790042 Resident population increases to 11.4 million.] Instituto Nacional de Estatística, 22. junii 2026, ofraupen up d' 20. julii 2026 (engelsk).</ref> Däi landsgrensen fan Portugal wurdent siit dat 13. jorhunnert hóóst näit ferannert. In 't 15. un 16. jorhunnert wur dat land 'n wichtiğ macht in d' seifort un in d' hannel un baaude äien fan däi grôotst kulonióólriiken up. Fandóóeğ is Portugal 'n demokróótsk republik un lid fan däi [[Wp/frs/Europeesk Unjoon|Europeesk Unjoon]], däi [[Wp/frs/NATO|NATO]] un däi [[Wp/frs/Feräint Nóósjoonen|Feräint Nóósjoonen]]. == Geogróófii == Dat portugiisk hoovdgebiit liğt up däi westelk däil fan 't Ibeersk Halfailand. In 't noord un in d' middent is dat land grootendäils baarğachtiğ; in 't süüed liğt fööl flâak land. Wichtiğ äjen bünt däi Douro, däi Tejo un däi Guadiana. Säi kooment uut Spóónjen un fläitent in d' Atlantisk Oseóón. Däi Atsooren liegent wiid in d' Atlantisk Oseóón un bünt fan wulkóónsk oorsprung. Madeira liğt fööl wiider in 't süüdwest. Däi hôoğst punkt fan Portugal is däi wulkóón Ponta do Pico up 't ailand Pico mit 2351 meeter. Up dat hoovdgebiit is däi Torre in d' Serra da Estrela mit 1993 meeter däi hôoğst punkt. In 't noord gift dat fööl meer reegen as in 't süüed, un däi winters bünt dor köyliger. Däi sömmers bünt mäist waarm un drööeğ, däi winters mild un reegenriik. Däi Atlantisk Oseóón het 'n stâark inflaud up dat wêer. == Befolken un kultüer == Däi offisjäel tóól is [[Wp/frs/Portugiisk|Portugiisk]]. In 'n lütjet gebiit in 't noordoost word't ook [[Wp/frs/Mirandeesk|Mirandeesk]] proot't. Däi mäiest minsken leevent an d' küest, f'râal in däi baalensruumen Lissóbon un Porto. Dat binnenland is fööl dünner besiidelt. Däi seifort, dat kristendaum un däi kuntakten mit anner weerlddäilen hebbent däi portugiisk kultüer staark beinflaud't. Bekent bünt däi musik fado, däi portugiisk litteróótüer un däi kööken mit fööl fisk. Portugal is ook bekent um siin wiinen un um däi produksjoon fan köerk. == Histoorje == In d' antîik höörde dat gebiit tau dat [[Wp/frs/Roomsk Riik|Roomsk Riik]]. Nóódeem regäärdent d'r Sueben un Westgooten. Fan d' 8. jorhunnert of an regäärdent muslimsk riiken oover 'n grôot däil fan dat halfailand. In d' loop fan däi [[Wp/frs/Reconquista|Reconquista]] undstun in 't 12. jorhunnert dat Köönenkriik Portugal. In 't joer 1143 wur siin sülststenniğkaid in 'n kuntrakt fastläeğt. In 't 15. un 16. jorhunnert wur däi portugiisk seifort oover grôot däilen fan d' weerld uutbaaut. In [[Wp/frs/Óófrikó|Óófrikó]], [[Wp/frs/Óósien|Óósien]] un [[Wp/frs/Amerikó|Amerikó]] wurdent hannelsplatsen un kuloniien grünt. Soo baaude Portugal äien fan däi grôotst kulonióólriiken up. [[Wp/frs/Brasilien|Brasilien]] was däi wichtiğst kulonii. 1910 wur däi monarchii ofskaft un däi republik uutraupen. Fan 1933 bit 1974 regäärde dat aautoritêer Estado-Novo-rezjiim. Mit däi rewulusjoon fan d' 25. april 1974 kwam däi diktóótüer tau 'n äen. Nóódeem wurdent hóóst âal portugiisk kuloniien sülststenniğ. In 't joer 1986 trad Portugal däi [[Wp/frs/Europeesk Unjoon|Europeesk Unjoon]] bii. == Politik un wirtskaft == Portugal is 'n semipresidensjel republik. Dat parlóment, däi Assembleia da República, het äin kóómer. Portugal het 18 distrikten; däi Atsooren un Madeira bünt aautonôom regjoonen. Däi wirtskaft bestaajt f'râal uut denstlaistens, industrii un landwirtskaft. Wichtiğ rebäiten bünt turismus, hannel, industrii un dat móóken fan tekstiilien un aautomobiilen. In d' landwirtskaft wordent f'râal wiindruuven, oliiven, oobst un gemüües anbaaut. Däi grôotst wirtskaftsruumen liegent um Lissóbon un Porto. == Wellen == [[Category:Wp/frs]] dv8djua7x9armb52zdneypnibhfj1tm 7255943 7255942 2026-07-19T23:52:38Z VanModers 2551723 7255943 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/frs/Inf'rmóósjoonsboks Land |Nóóm = Portugal |Bild = Flag of Portugal.svg |Bildbräed't = 150px |Tóól = [[Wp/frs/Portugiisk|Portugiisk]] |Hoovdstad = [[Wp/frs/Lissóbon|Lissóbon]] |Inwoonertóól = 11.424.031 (31. desember 2025) |Flâakt = 92.212 km² |Besiidelnsdiecht't = 124 inwooners/km² |Grünnen = 1143 |Regäärensföörm = [[Wp/frs/Semipresidensjel republik|Semipresidensjel republik]] }} '''Portugal''' ([[Wp/frs/Portugiisk|portugiisk]] ''Portugal''), amtelk däi '''Portugiisk Republik''', is 'n stóót in 't süüdwest fan [[Wp/frs/Europó|Europó]]. Dat land liğt in 't west fan dat [[Wp/frs/Ibeersk Halfailand|Ibeersk Halfailand]] un het bloot mit [[Wp/frs/Spóónjen|Spóónjen]] 'n landsgräens. In 't west un süüed liğt däi [[Wp/frs/Atlantisk Oseóón|Atlantisk Oseóón]]. Tau Portugal höörent ook däi ailandgruppen [[Wp/frs/Atsooren|Atsooren]] un Madeira. Hoovdstad un grôotst stad is [[Wp/frs/Lissóbon|Lissóbon]]; 'n anner wichtiğ tsentrum is Porto. Up d' 31. desember 2025 haar Portugal r.w. 11,4 miljoonen inwooners.<ref name="INE">[https://www.ine.pt/ngt_server/attachfileu.jsp?att_display=n&att_download=y&look_parentBoui=799790042 Resident population increases to 11.4 million.] Instituto Nacional de Estatística, 22. junii 2026, ofraupen up d' 20. julii 2026 (engelsk).</ref> Däi landsgrensen fan Portugal wurdent siit dat 13. jorhunnert hóóst näit ferannert. In 't 15. un 16. jorhunnert wur dat land 'n wichtiğ macht in d' seifort un in d' hannel un baaude äien fan däi grôotst kulonióólriiken up. Fandóóeğ is Portugal 'n demokróótsk republik un lid fan däi [[Wp/frs/Europeesk Unjoon|Europeesk Unjoon]], däi [[Wp/frs/NATO|NATO]] un däi [[Wp/frs/Feräint Nóósjoonen|Feräint Nóósjoonen]]. == Geogróófii == Dat portugiisk hoovdgebiit liğt up däi westelk däil fan 't Ibeersk Halfailand. In 't noord un in d' middent is dat land grootendäils baarğachtiğ; in 't süüed liğt fööl flâak land. Wichtiğ äjen bünt däi Douro, däi Tejo un däi Guadiana. Säi kooment uut Spóónjen un fläitent in d' Atlantisk Oseóón. Däi Atsooren liegent wiid in d' Atlantisk Oseóón un bünt fan wulkóónsk oorsprung. Madeira liğt fööl wiider in 't süüdwest. Däi hôoğst punkt fan Portugal is däi wulkóón Ponta do Pico up 't ailand Pico mit 2351 meeter. Up dat hoovdgebiit is däi Torre in d' Serra da Estrela mit 1993 meeter däi hôoğst punkt. In 't noord gift dat fööl meer reegen as in 't süüed, un däi winters bünt dor köyliger. Däi sömmers bünt mäist waarm un drööeğ, däi winters mild un reegenriik. Däi Atlantisk Oseóón het 'n stâark inflaud up dat wêer. == Befolken un kultüer == Däi offisjäel tóól is [[Wp/frs/Portugiisk|Portugiisk]]. In 'n lütjet gebiit in 't noordoost word't ook [[Wp/frs/Mirandeesk|Mirandeesk]] proot't. Däi mäiest minsken leevent an d' küest, f'râal in däi baalensruumen Lissóbon un Porto. Dat binnenland is fööl dünner besiidelt. Däi seifort, dat kristendaum un däi kuntakten mit anner weerlddäilen hebbent däi portugiisk kultüer staark beinflaud't. Bekent bünt däi musik fado, däi portugiisk litteróótüer un däi kööken mit fööl fisk. Portugal is ook bekent um siin wiinen un um däi produksjoon fan köerk. == Histoorje == In d' antîik höörde dat gebiit tau dat [[Wp/frs/Roomsk Riik|Roomsk Riik]]. Nóódeem regäärdent d'r Sueben un Westgooten. Fan d' 8. jorhunnert of an regäärdent muslimsk riiken oover 'n grôot däil fan dat halfailand. In d' loop fan däi [[Wp/frs/Reconquista|Reconquista]] undstun in 't 12. jorhunnert dat Köönenkriik Portugal. In 't joer 1143 wur siin sülststenniğkaid in 'n kuntrakt fastläeğt. In 't 15. un 16. jorhunnert wur däi portugiisk seifort oover grôot däilen fan d' weerld uutbaaut. In [[Wp/frs/Óófrikó|Óófrikó]], [[Wp/frs/Óósien|Óósien]] un [[Wp/frs/Amerikó|Amerikó]] wurdent hannelsplatsen un kuloniien grünt. Soo baaude Portugal äien fan däi grôotst kulonióólriiken up. [[Wp/frs/Brasilien|Brasilien]] was däi wichtiğst kulonii. 1910 wur däi monarchii ofskaft un däi republik uutraupen. Fan 1933 bit 1974 regäärde dat aautoritêer Estado-Novo-rezjiim. Mit däi rewulusjoon fan d' 25. april 1974 kwam däi diktóótüer tau 'n äen. Nóódeem wurdent hóóst âal portugiisk kuloniien sülststenniğ. In 't joer 1986 trad Portugal däi [[Wp/frs/Europeesk Unjoon|Europeesk Unjoon]] bii. == Politik un wirtskaft == Portugal is 'n semipresidensjel republik. Dat parlóment, däi Assembleia da República, het äin kóómer. Portugal het 18 distrikten; däi Atsooren un Madeira bünt aautonôom regjoonen. Däi wirtskaft bestaajt f'râal uut denstlaistens, industrii un landwirtskaft. Wichtiğ rebäiten bünt turismus, hannel, industrii un dat móóken fan tekstiilien un aautomobiilen. In d' landwirtskaft wordent f'râal wiindruuven, oliiven, oobst un gemüües anbaaut. Däi grôotst wirtskaftsruumen liegent um Lissóbon un Porto. == Wellen == [[Category:Wp/frs]] <references /> [[Category:Land]] asf1r9plzo1imaa0cx3zuempidfxlqg 7255944 7255943 2026-07-19T23:53:33Z VanModers 2551723 Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q45]] 7255944 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/frs/Inf'rmóósjoonsboks Land |Nóóm = Portugal |Bild = Flag of Portugal.svg |Bildbräed't = 150px |Tóól = [[Wp/frs/Portugiisk|Portugiisk]] |Hoovdstad = [[Wp/frs/Lissóbon|Lissóbon]] |Inwoonertóól = 11.424.031 (31. desember 2025) |Flâakt = 92.212 km² |Besiidelnsdiecht't = 124 inwooners/km² |Grünnen = 1143 |Regäärensföörm = [[Wp/frs/Semipresidensjel republik|Semipresidensjel republik]] }} '''Portugal''' ([[Wp/frs/Portugiisk|portugiisk]] ''Portugal''), amtelk däi '''Portugiisk Republik''', is 'n stóót in 't süüdwest fan [[Wp/frs/Europó|Europó]]. Dat land liğt in 't west fan dat [[Wp/frs/Ibeersk Halfailand|Ibeersk Halfailand]] un het bloot mit [[Wp/frs/Spóónjen|Spóónjen]] 'n landsgräens. In 't west un süüed liğt däi [[Wp/frs/Atlantisk Oseóón|Atlantisk Oseóón]]. Tau Portugal höörent ook däi ailandgruppen [[Wp/frs/Atsooren|Atsooren]] un Madeira. Hoovdstad un grôotst stad is [[Wp/frs/Lissóbon|Lissóbon]]; 'n anner wichtiğ tsentrum is Porto. Up d' 31. desember 2025 haar Portugal r.w. 11,4 miljoonen inwooners.<ref name="INE">[https://www.ine.pt/ngt_server/attachfileu.jsp?att_display=n&att_download=y&look_parentBoui=799790042 Resident population increases to 11.4 million.] Instituto Nacional de Estatística, 22. junii 2026, ofraupen up d' 20. julii 2026 (engelsk).</ref> Däi landsgrensen fan Portugal wurdent siit dat 13. jorhunnert hóóst näit ferannert. In 't 15. un 16. jorhunnert wur dat land 'n wichtiğ macht in d' seifort un in d' hannel un baaude äien fan däi grôotst kulonióólriiken up. Fandóóeğ is Portugal 'n demokróótsk republik un lid fan däi [[Wp/frs/Europeesk Unjoon|Europeesk Unjoon]], däi [[Wp/frs/NATO|NATO]] un däi [[Wp/frs/Feräint Nóósjoonen|Feräint Nóósjoonen]]. == Geogróófii == Dat portugiisk hoovdgebiit liğt up däi westelk däil fan 't Ibeersk Halfailand. In 't noord un in d' middent is dat land grootendäils baarğachtiğ; in 't süüed liğt fööl flâak land. Wichtiğ äjen bünt däi Douro, däi Tejo un däi Guadiana. Säi kooment uut Spóónjen un fläitent in d' Atlantisk Oseóón. Däi Atsooren liegent wiid in d' Atlantisk Oseóón un bünt fan wulkóónsk oorsprung. Madeira liğt fööl wiider in 't süüdwest. Däi hôoğst punkt fan Portugal is däi wulkóón Ponta do Pico up 't ailand Pico mit 2351 meeter. Up dat hoovdgebiit is däi Torre in d' Serra da Estrela mit 1993 meeter däi hôoğst punkt. In 't noord gift dat fööl meer reegen as in 't süüed, un däi winters bünt dor köyliger. Däi sömmers bünt mäist waarm un drööeğ, däi winters mild un reegenriik. Däi Atlantisk Oseóón het 'n stâark inflaud up dat wêer. == Befolken un kultüer == Däi offisjäel tóól is [[Wp/frs/Portugiisk|Portugiisk]]. In 'n lütjet gebiit in 't noordoost word't ook [[Wp/frs/Mirandeesk|Mirandeesk]] proot't. Däi mäiest minsken leevent an d' küest, f'râal in däi baalensruumen Lissóbon un Porto. Dat binnenland is fööl dünner besiidelt. Däi seifort, dat kristendaum un däi kuntakten mit anner weerlddäilen hebbent däi portugiisk kultüer staark beinflaud't. Bekent bünt däi musik fado, däi portugiisk litteróótüer un däi kööken mit fööl fisk. Portugal is ook bekent um siin wiinen un um däi produksjoon fan köerk. == Histoorje == In d' antîik höörde dat gebiit tau dat [[Wp/frs/Roomsk Riik|Roomsk Riik]]. Nóódeem regäärdent d'r Sueben un Westgooten. Fan d' 8. jorhunnert of an regäärdent muslimsk riiken oover 'n grôot däil fan dat halfailand. In d' loop fan däi [[Wp/frs/Reconquista|Reconquista]] undstun in 't 12. jorhunnert dat Köönenkriik Portugal. In 't joer 1143 wur siin sülststenniğkaid in 'n kuntrakt fastläeğt. In 't 15. un 16. jorhunnert wur däi portugiisk seifort oover grôot däilen fan d' weerld uutbaaut. In [[Wp/frs/Óófrikó|Óófrikó]], [[Wp/frs/Óósien|Óósien]] un [[Wp/frs/Amerikó|Amerikó]] wurdent hannelsplatsen un kuloniien grünt. Soo baaude Portugal äien fan däi grôotst kulonióólriiken up. [[Wp/frs/Brasilien|Brasilien]] was däi wichtiğst kulonii. 1910 wur däi monarchii ofskaft un däi republik uutraupen. Fan 1933 bit 1974 regäärde dat aautoritêer Estado-Novo-rezjiim. Mit däi rewulusjoon fan d' 25. april 1974 kwam däi diktóótüer tau 'n äen. Nóódeem wurdent hóóst âal portugiisk kuloniien sülststenniğ. In 't joer 1986 trad Portugal däi [[Wp/frs/Europeesk Unjoon|Europeesk Unjoon]] bii. == Politik un wirtskaft == Portugal is 'n semipresidensjel republik. Dat parlóment, däi Assembleia da República, het äin kóómer. Portugal het 18 distrikten; däi Atsooren un Madeira bünt aautonôom regjoonen. Däi wirtskaft bestaajt f'râal uut denstlaistens, industrii un landwirtskaft. Wichtiğ rebäiten bünt turismus, hannel, industrii un dat móóken fan tekstiilien un aautomobiilen. In d' landwirtskaft wordent f'râal wiindruuven, oliiven, oobst un gemüües anbaaut. Däi grôotst wirtskaftsruumen liegent um Lissóbon un Porto. == Wellen == [[Category:Wp/frs]] <references /> [[Category:Land]] {{INTERWIKI|Q45}} iy5m9nm7rhgio3fff3nbdsurfahya3r 7256113 7255944 2026-07-20T07:11:26Z Kluntjekniiper 2659379 /* */ 7256113 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/frs/Inf'rmóósjoonsboks Land |Nóóm = Portugal |Bild = Flag of Portugal.svg |Bildbräed't = 150px |Tóól = [[Wp/frs/Portugiisk|Portugiisk]] |Hoovdstad = [[Wp/frs/Lissóbon|Lissóbon]] |Inwoonertóól = 11.424.031 (31. desember 2025) |Flâakt = 92.212 km² |Besiidelnsdiecht't = 124 inwooners/km² |Grünnen = 1143 |Regäärensföörm = [[Wp/frs/Semipresidensjel republik|Semipresidensjel republik]] }} '''Portugal''' ([[Wp/frs/Portugiisk|portugiisk]] ''Portugal''), amtelk däi '''Portugiisk Republik''', is 'n stóót in 't süüdwest fan [[Wp/frs/Europó|Europó]]. Dat land liğt in 't west fan dat [[Wp/frs/Ibeersk Halfailand|Ibeersk Halfailand]] un het bloot mit [[Wp/frs/Spóónjen|Spóónjen]] 'n landsgräens. In 't west un süüed liğt däi [[Wp/frs/Atlantisk Oseóón|Atlantisk Oseóón]]. Tau Portugal höörent ook däi ailandgruppen [[Wp/frs/Atsooren|Atsooren]] un Madeeró. Hoovdstad un grôotst stad is [[Wp/frs/Lissóbon|Lissóbon]]; 'n anner wichtiğ tsentrum is Porto. Up d' 31. desember 2025 haar Portugal r.w. 11,4 miljoonen inwooners.<ref name="INE">[https://www.ine.pt/ngt_server/attachfileu.jsp?att_display=n&att_download=y&look_parentBoui=799790042 Resident population increases to 11.4 million.] Instituto Nacional de Estatística, 22. junii 2026, ofraupen up d' 20. julii 2026 (engelsk).</ref> Däi landsgrensen fan Portugal wurdent siit dat 13. jorhunnert hóóst näit ferannert. In 't 15. un 16. jorhunnert wur dat land 'n wichtiğ macht in d' seifort un in d' hannel un baaude äien fan däi grôotst kulonióólriiken up. Fandóóeğ is Portugal 'n demokróótsk republik un lid fan däi [[Wp/frs/Europeesk Unjoon|Europeesk Unjoon]], däi [[Wp/frs/NATO|NATO]] un däi [[Wp/frs/Feräint Nóósjoonen|Feräint Nóósjoonen]]. == Geogróófii == Dat portugiisk hoovdgebiit liğt up däi westelk däil fan 't Ibeersk Halfailand. In 't noord un in d' middent is dat land grootendäils baarğachtiğ; in 't süüed liğt fööl flâak land. Wichtiğ äjen bünt däi Douro, däi Tejo un däi Guadiana. Säi kooment uut Spóónjen un fläitent in d' Atlantisk Oseóón. Däi Atsooren liegent wiid in d' Atlantisk Oseóón un bünt fan wulkóónsk oorsprung. Madeira liğt fööl wiider in 't süüdwest. Däi hôoğst punkt fan Portugal is däi wulkóón Ponta do Pico up 't ailand Pico mit 2351 meeter. Up dat hoovdgebiit is däi Torre in d' Serra da Estrela mit 1993 meeter däi hôoğst punkt. In 't noord gift dat fööl meer reegen as in 't süüed, un däi winters bünt dor köyliger. Däi sömmers bünt mäist waarm un drööeğ, däi winters mild un reegenriik. Däi Atlantisk Oseóón het 'n stâark inflaud up dat wêer. == Befolken un kultüer == Däi offisjäel tóól is [[Wp/frs/Portugiisk|Portugiisk]]. In 'n lütjet gebiit in 't noordoost word't ook [[Wp/frs/Mirandeesk|Mirandeesk]] proot't. Däi mäiest minsken leevent an d' küest, f'râal in däi baalensruumen Lissóbon un Porto. Dat binnenland is fööl dünner besiidelt. Däi seifort, dat kristendaum un däi kuntakten mit anner weerlddäilen hebbent däi portugiisk kultüer staark beinflaud't. Bekent bünt däi musik fado, däi portugiisk litteróótüer un däi kööken mit fööl fisk. Portugal is ook bekent um siin wiinen un um däi produksjoon fan köerk. == Histoorje == In d' antîik höörde dat gebiit tau dat [[Wp/frs/Roomsk Riik|Roomsk Riik]]. Nóódeem regäärdent d'r Sueben un Westgooten. Fan d' 8. jorhunnert of an regäärdent muslimsk riiken oover 'n grôot däil fan dat halfailand. In d' loop fan däi [[Wp/frs/Reconquista|Reconquista]] undstun in 't 12. jorhunnert dat Köönenkriik Portugal. In 't joer 1143 wur siin sülststenniğkaid in 'n kuntrakt fastläeğt. In 't 15. un 16. jorhunnert wur däi portugiisk seifort oover grôot däilen fan d' weerld uutbaaut. In [[Wp/frs/Óófrikó|Óófrikó]], [[Wp/frs/Óósien|Óósien]] un [[Wp/frs/Amerikó|Amerikó]] wurdent hannelsplatsen un kuloniien grünt. Soo baaude Portugal äien fan däi grôotst kulonióólriiken up. [[Wp/frs/Brasilien|Brasilien]] was däi wichtiğst kulonii. 1910 wur däi monarchii ofskaft un däi republik uutraupen. Fan 1933 bit 1974 regäärde dat aautoritêer Estado-Novo-rezjiim. Mit däi rewulusjoon fan d' 25. april 1974 kwam däi diktóótüer tau 'n äen. Nóódeem wurdent hóóst âal portugiisk kuloniien sülststenniğ. In 't joer 1986 trad Portugal däi [[Wp/frs/Europeesk Unjoon|Europeesk Unjoon]] bii. == Politik un wirtskaft == Portugal is 'n semipresidensjel republik. Dat parlóment, däi Assembleia da República, het äin kóómer. Portugal het 18 distrikten; däi Atsooren un Madeira bünt aautonôom regjoonen. Däi wirtskaft bestaajt f'râal uut denstlaistens, industrii un landwirtskaft. Wichtiğ rebäiten bünt turismus, hannel, industrii un dat móóken fan tekstiilien un aautomobiilen. In d' landwirtskaft wordent f'râal wiindruuven, oliiven, oobst un gemüües anbaaut. Däi grôotst wirtskaftsruumen liegent um Lissóbon un Porto. == Wellen == [[Category:Wp/frs]] <references /> [[Category:Land]] {{INTERWIKI|Q45}} cihndt4nqtbswu01osww0jd0npcj28z 7256114 7256113 2026-07-20T07:12:09Z Kluntjekniiper 2659379 /* Geogróófii */ 7256114 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/frs/Inf'rmóósjoonsboks Land |Nóóm = Portugal |Bild = Flag of Portugal.svg |Bildbräed't = 150px |Tóól = [[Wp/frs/Portugiisk|Portugiisk]] |Hoovdstad = [[Wp/frs/Lissóbon|Lissóbon]] |Inwoonertóól = 11.424.031 (31. desember 2025) |Flâakt = 92.212 km² |Besiidelnsdiecht't = 124 inwooners/km² |Grünnen = 1143 |Regäärensföörm = [[Wp/frs/Semipresidensjel republik|Semipresidensjel republik]] }} '''Portugal''' ([[Wp/frs/Portugiisk|portugiisk]] ''Portugal''), amtelk däi '''Portugiisk Republik''', is 'n stóót in 't süüdwest fan [[Wp/frs/Europó|Europó]]. Dat land liğt in 't west fan dat [[Wp/frs/Ibeersk Halfailand|Ibeersk Halfailand]] un het bloot mit [[Wp/frs/Spóónjen|Spóónjen]] 'n landsgräens. In 't west un süüed liğt däi [[Wp/frs/Atlantisk Oseóón|Atlantisk Oseóón]]. Tau Portugal höörent ook däi ailandgruppen [[Wp/frs/Atsooren|Atsooren]] un Madeeró. Hoovdstad un grôotst stad is [[Wp/frs/Lissóbon|Lissóbon]]; 'n anner wichtiğ tsentrum is Porto. Up d' 31. desember 2025 haar Portugal r.w. 11,4 miljoonen inwooners.<ref name="INE">[https://www.ine.pt/ngt_server/attachfileu.jsp?att_display=n&att_download=y&look_parentBoui=799790042 Resident population increases to 11.4 million.] Instituto Nacional de Estatística, 22. junii 2026, ofraupen up d' 20. julii 2026 (engelsk).</ref> Däi landsgrensen fan Portugal wurdent siit dat 13. jorhunnert hóóst näit ferannert. In 't 15. un 16. jorhunnert wur dat land 'n wichtiğ macht in d' seifort un in d' hannel un baaude äien fan däi grôotst kulonióólriiken up. Fandóóeğ is Portugal 'n demokróótsk republik un lid fan däi [[Wp/frs/Europeesk Unjoon|Europeesk Unjoon]], däi [[Wp/frs/NATO|NATO]] un däi [[Wp/frs/Feräint Nóósjoonen|Feräint Nóósjoonen]]. == Geogróófii == Dat portugiisk hoovdgebiit liğt up däi westelk däil fan 't Ibeersk Halfailand. In 't noord un in d' middent is dat land grootendäils baarğachtiğ; in 't süüed liğt fööl flâak land. Wichtiğ äjen bünt däi Douro, däi Tejo un däi Guadiana. Säi kooment uut Spóónjen un fläitent in d' Atlantisk Oseóón. Däi Atsooren liegent wiid in d' Atlantisk Oseóón un bünt fan wulkóónsk oorsprung. Madeeró liğt fööl wiider in 't süüdwest. Däi hôoğst punkt fan Portugal is däi wulkóón Ponta do Pico up 't ailand Pico mit 2351 meeter. Up dat hoovdgebiit is däi Torre in d' Serra da Estrela mit 1993 meeter däi hôoğst punkt. In 't noord gift dat fööl meer reegen as in 't süüed, un däi winters bünt dor köyliger. Däi sömmers bünt mäist waarm un drööeğ, däi winters mild un reegenriik. Däi Atlantisk Oseóón het 'n stâark inflaud up dat wêer. == Befolken un kultüer == Däi offisjäel tóól is [[Wp/frs/Portugiisk|Portugiisk]]. In 'n lütjet gebiit in 't noordoost word't ook [[Wp/frs/Mirandeesk|Mirandeesk]] proot't. Däi mäiest minsken leevent an d' küest, f'râal in däi baalensruumen Lissóbon un Porto. Dat binnenland is fööl dünner besiidelt. Däi seifort, dat kristendaum un däi kuntakten mit anner weerlddäilen hebbent däi portugiisk kultüer staark beinflaud't. Bekent bünt däi musik fado, däi portugiisk litteróótüer un däi kööken mit fööl fisk. Portugal is ook bekent um siin wiinen un um däi produksjoon fan köerk. == Histoorje == In d' antîik höörde dat gebiit tau dat [[Wp/frs/Roomsk Riik|Roomsk Riik]]. Nóódeem regäärdent d'r Sueben un Westgooten. Fan d' 8. jorhunnert of an regäärdent muslimsk riiken oover 'n grôot däil fan dat halfailand. In d' loop fan däi [[Wp/frs/Reconquista|Reconquista]] undstun in 't 12. jorhunnert dat Köönenkriik Portugal. In 't joer 1143 wur siin sülststenniğkaid in 'n kuntrakt fastläeğt. In 't 15. un 16. jorhunnert wur däi portugiisk seifort oover grôot däilen fan d' weerld uutbaaut. In [[Wp/frs/Óófrikó|Óófrikó]], [[Wp/frs/Óósien|Óósien]] un [[Wp/frs/Amerikó|Amerikó]] wurdent hannelsplatsen un kuloniien grünt. Soo baaude Portugal äien fan däi grôotst kulonióólriiken up. [[Wp/frs/Brasilien|Brasilien]] was däi wichtiğst kulonii. 1910 wur däi monarchii ofskaft un däi republik uutraupen. Fan 1933 bit 1974 regäärde dat aautoritêer Estado-Novo-rezjiim. Mit däi rewulusjoon fan d' 25. april 1974 kwam däi diktóótüer tau 'n äen. Nóódeem wurdent hóóst âal portugiisk kuloniien sülststenniğ. In 't joer 1986 trad Portugal däi [[Wp/frs/Europeesk Unjoon|Europeesk Unjoon]] bii. == Politik un wirtskaft == Portugal is 'n semipresidensjel republik. Dat parlóment, däi Assembleia da República, het äin kóómer. Portugal het 18 distrikten; däi Atsooren un Madeira bünt aautonôom regjoonen. Däi wirtskaft bestaajt f'râal uut denstlaistens, industrii un landwirtskaft. Wichtiğ rebäiten bünt turismus, hannel, industrii un dat móóken fan tekstiilien un aautomobiilen. In d' landwirtskaft wordent f'râal wiindruuven, oliiven, oobst un gemüües anbaaut. Däi grôotst wirtskaftsruumen liegent um Lissóbon un Porto. == Wellen == [[Category:Wp/frs]] <references /> [[Category:Land]] {{INTERWIKI|Q45}} niyo9cwb61cqeq3vjts1e2te0k6cnzc 7256115 7256114 2026-07-20T07:12:39Z Kluntjekniiper 2659379 /* */ 7256115 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/frs/Inf'rmóósjoonsboks Land |Nóóm = Portugal |Bild = Flag of Portugal.svg |Bildbräed't = 150px |Tóól = [[Wp/frs/Portugiisk|Portugiisk]] |Hoovdstad = [[Wp/frs/Lissóbon|Lissóbon]] |Inwoonertóól = 11.424.031 (31. desember 2025) |Flâakt = 92.212 km² |Besiidelnsdiecht't = 124 inwooners/km² |Grünnen = 1143 |Regäärensföörm = [[Wp/frs/Semipresidensjäel republik|Semipresidensjäel republik]] }} '''Portugal''' ([[Wp/frs/Portugiisk|portugiisk]] ''Portugal''), amtelk däi '''Portugiisk Republik''', is 'n stóót in 't süüdwest fan [[Wp/frs/Europó|Europó]]. Dat land liğt in 't west fan dat [[Wp/frs/Ibeersk Halfailand|Ibeersk Halfailand]] un het bloot mit [[Wp/frs/Spóónjen|Spóónjen]] 'n landsgräens. In 't west un süüed liğt däi [[Wp/frs/Atlantisk Oseóón|Atlantisk Oseóón]]. Tau Portugal höörent ook däi ailandgruppen [[Wp/frs/Atsooren|Atsooren]] un Madeeró. Hoovdstad un grôotst stad is [[Wp/frs/Lissóbon|Lissóbon]]; 'n anner wichtiğ tsentrum is Porto. Up d' 31. desember 2025 haar Portugal r.w. 11,4 miljoonen inwooners.<ref name="INE">[https://www.ine.pt/ngt_server/attachfileu.jsp?att_display=n&att_download=y&look_parentBoui=799790042 Resident population increases to 11.4 million.] Instituto Nacional de Estatística, 22. junii 2026, ofraupen up d' 20. julii 2026 (engelsk).</ref> Däi landsgrensen fan Portugal wurdent siit dat 13. jorhunnert hóóst näit ferannert. In 't 15. un 16. jorhunnert wur dat land 'n wichtiğ macht in d' seifort un in d' hannel un baaude äien fan däi grôotst kulonióólriiken up. Fandóóeğ is Portugal 'n demokróótsk republik un lid fan däi [[Wp/frs/Europeesk Unjoon|Europeesk Unjoon]], däi [[Wp/frs/NATO|NATO]] un däi [[Wp/frs/Feräint Nóósjoonen|Feräint Nóósjoonen]]. == Geogróófii == Dat portugiisk hoovdgebiit liğt up däi westelk däil fan 't Ibeersk Halfailand. In 't noord un in d' middent is dat land grootendäils baarğachtiğ; in 't süüed liğt fööl flâak land. Wichtiğ äjen bünt däi Douro, däi Tejo un däi Guadiana. Säi kooment uut Spóónjen un fläitent in d' Atlantisk Oseóón. Däi Atsooren liegent wiid in d' Atlantisk Oseóón un bünt fan wulkóónsk oorsprung. Madeeró liğt fööl wiider in 't süüdwest. Däi hôoğst punkt fan Portugal is däi wulkóón Ponta do Pico up 't ailand Pico mit 2351 meeter. Up dat hoovdgebiit is däi Torre in d' Serra da Estrela mit 1993 meeter däi hôoğst punkt. In 't noord gift dat fööl meer reegen as in 't süüed, un däi winters bünt dor köyliger. Däi sömmers bünt mäist waarm un drööeğ, däi winters mild un reegenriik. Däi Atlantisk Oseóón het 'n stâark inflaud up dat wêer. == Befolken un kultüer == Däi offisjäel tóól is [[Wp/frs/Portugiisk|Portugiisk]]. In 'n lütjet gebiit in 't noordoost word't ook [[Wp/frs/Mirandeesk|Mirandeesk]] proot't. Däi mäiest minsken leevent an d' küest, f'râal in däi baalensruumen Lissóbon un Porto. Dat binnenland is fööl dünner besiidelt. Däi seifort, dat kristendaum un däi kuntakten mit anner weerlddäilen hebbent däi portugiisk kultüer staark beinflaud't. Bekent bünt däi musik fado, däi portugiisk litteróótüer un däi kööken mit fööl fisk. Portugal is ook bekent um siin wiinen un um däi produksjoon fan köerk. == Histoorje == In d' antîik höörde dat gebiit tau dat [[Wp/frs/Roomsk Riik|Roomsk Riik]]. Nóódeem regäärdent d'r Sueben un Westgooten. Fan d' 8. jorhunnert of an regäärdent muslimsk riiken oover 'n grôot däil fan dat halfailand. In d' loop fan däi [[Wp/frs/Reconquista|Reconquista]] undstun in 't 12. jorhunnert dat Köönenkriik Portugal. In 't joer 1143 wur siin sülststenniğkaid in 'n kuntrakt fastläeğt. In 't 15. un 16. jorhunnert wur däi portugiisk seifort oover grôot däilen fan d' weerld uutbaaut. In [[Wp/frs/Óófrikó|Óófrikó]], [[Wp/frs/Óósien|Óósien]] un [[Wp/frs/Amerikó|Amerikó]] wurdent hannelsplatsen un kuloniien grünt. Soo baaude Portugal äien fan däi grôotst kulonióólriiken up. [[Wp/frs/Brasilien|Brasilien]] was däi wichtiğst kulonii. 1910 wur däi monarchii ofskaft un däi republik uutraupen. Fan 1933 bit 1974 regäärde dat aautoritêer Estado-Novo-rezjiim. Mit däi rewulusjoon fan d' 25. april 1974 kwam däi diktóótüer tau 'n äen. Nóódeem wurdent hóóst âal portugiisk kuloniien sülststenniğ. In 't joer 1986 trad Portugal däi [[Wp/frs/Europeesk Unjoon|Europeesk Unjoon]] bii. == Politik un wirtskaft == Portugal is 'n semipresidensjel republik. Dat parlóment, däi Assembleia da República, het äin kóómer. Portugal het 18 distrikten; däi Atsooren un Madeira bünt aautonôom regjoonen. Däi wirtskaft bestaajt f'râal uut denstlaistens, industrii un landwirtskaft. Wichtiğ rebäiten bünt turismus, hannel, industrii un dat móóken fan tekstiilien un aautomobiilen. In d' landwirtskaft wordent f'râal wiindruuven, oliiven, oobst un gemüües anbaaut. Däi grôotst wirtskaftsruumen liegent um Lissóbon un Porto. == Wellen == [[Category:Wp/frs]] <references /> [[Category:Land]] {{INTERWIKI|Q45}} 4d6hyz7l31y0rem3fzq9lhcxge48da5 7256116 7256115 2026-07-20T07:13:27Z Kluntjekniiper 2659379 /* */ 7256116 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/frs/Inf'rmóósjoonsboks Land |Nóóm = Portugal |Bild = Flag of Portugal.svg |Bildbräed't = 150px |Tóól = [[Wp/frs/Portugiisk|Portugiisk]] |Hoovdstad = [[Wp/frs/Lissóbon|Lissóbon]] |Inwoonertóól = 11.424.031 (31. desember 2025) |Flâakt = 92.212 km² |Besiidelnsdiecht't = 124 inwooners/km² |Grünnen = 1143 |Regäärensföörm = [[Wp/frs/Semipresidensjäel republik|Semipresidensjäel republik]] }} '''Portugal''' ([[Wp/frs/Portugiisk|portugiisk]] ''Portugal''), amtelk däi '''Portugiisk Republik''', is 'n stóót in 't süüdwest fan [[Wp/frs/Europó|Europó]]. Dat land liğt in 't west fan dat [[Wp/frs/Ibeersk Halfailand|Ibeersk Halfailand]] un het bloot mit [[Wp/frs/Spóónjen|Spóónjen]] 'n landsgräens. In 't west un süüed liğt däi [[Wp/frs/Atlantisk Oseóón|Atlantisk Oseóón]]. Tau Portugal höörent ook däi ailandgruppen [[Wp/frs/Atsooren|Atsooren]] un Madeeró. Hoovdstad un grôotst stad is [[Wp/frs/Lissóbon|Lissóbon]]; 'n anner wichtiğ tsentrum is Porto. Up d' 31. desember 2025 haar Portugal r.w. 11,4 miljoonen inwooners.<ref name="INE">[https://www.ine.pt/ngt_server/attachfileu.jsp?att_display=n&att_download=y&look_parentBoui=799790042 Resident population increases to 11.4 million.] Instituto Nacional de Estatística, 22. junii 2026, ofraupen up d' 20. julii 2026 (engelsk).</ref> Däi landsgrensen fan Portugal hebbent sük siit dat 13. jorhunnert hóóst näit ferannert. In 't 15. un 16. jorhunnert wur dat land 'n wichtiğ macht in d' seifort un in d' hannel un baaude äien fan däi grôotst kulonióólriiken up. Fandóóeğ is Portugal 'n demokróótsk republik un lid fan däi [[Wp/frs/Europeesk Unjoon|Europeesk Unjoon]], däi [[Wp/frs/NATO|NATO]] un däi [[Wp/frs/Feräint Nóósjoonen|Feräint Nóósjoonen]]. == Geogróófii == Dat portugiisk hoovdgebiit liğt up däi westelk däil fan 't Ibeersk Halfailand. In 't noord un in d' middent is dat land grootendäils baarğachtiğ; in 't süüed liğt fööl flâak land. Wichtiğ äjen bünt däi Douro, däi Tejo un däi Guadiana. Säi kooment uut Spóónjen un fläitent in d' Atlantisk Oseóón. Däi Atsooren liegent wiid in d' Atlantisk Oseóón un bünt fan wulkóónsk oorsprung. Madeeró liğt fööl wiider in 't süüdwest. Däi hôoğst punkt fan Portugal is däi wulkóón Ponta do Pico up 't ailand Pico mit 2351 meeter. Up dat hoovdgebiit is däi Torre in d' Serra da Estrela mit 1993 meeter däi hôoğst punkt. In 't noord gift dat fööl meer reegen as in 't süüed, un däi winters bünt dor köyliger. Däi sömmers bünt mäist waarm un drööeğ, däi winters mild un reegenriik. Däi Atlantisk Oseóón het 'n stâark inflaud up dat wêer. == Befolken un kultüer == Däi offisjäel tóól is [[Wp/frs/Portugiisk|Portugiisk]]. In 'n lütjet gebiit in 't noordoost word't ook [[Wp/frs/Mirandeesk|Mirandeesk]] proot't. Däi mäiest minsken leevent an d' küest, f'râal in däi baalensruumen Lissóbon un Porto. Dat binnenland is fööl dünner besiidelt. Däi seifort, dat kristendaum un däi kuntakten mit anner weerlddäilen hebbent däi portugiisk kultüer staark beinflaud't. Bekent bünt däi musik fado, däi portugiisk litteróótüer un däi kööken mit fööl fisk. Portugal is ook bekent um siin wiinen un um däi produksjoon fan köerk. == Histoorje == In d' antîik höörde dat gebiit tau dat [[Wp/frs/Roomsk Riik|Roomsk Riik]]. Nóódeem regäärdent d'r Sueben un Westgooten. Fan d' 8. jorhunnert of an regäärdent muslimsk riiken oover 'n grôot däil fan dat halfailand. In d' loop fan däi [[Wp/frs/Reconquista|Reconquista]] undstun in 't 12. jorhunnert dat Köönenkriik Portugal. In 't joer 1143 wur siin sülststenniğkaid in 'n kuntrakt fastläeğt. In 't 15. un 16. jorhunnert wur däi portugiisk seifort oover grôot däilen fan d' weerld uutbaaut. In [[Wp/frs/Óófrikó|Óófrikó]], [[Wp/frs/Óósien|Óósien]] un [[Wp/frs/Amerikó|Amerikó]] wurdent hannelsplatsen un kuloniien grünt. Soo baaude Portugal äien fan däi grôotst kulonióólriiken up. [[Wp/frs/Brasilien|Brasilien]] was däi wichtiğst kulonii. 1910 wur däi monarchii ofskaft un däi republik uutraupen. Fan 1933 bit 1974 regäärde dat aautoritêer Estado-Novo-rezjiim. Mit däi rewulusjoon fan d' 25. april 1974 kwam däi diktóótüer tau 'n äen. Nóódeem wurdent hóóst âal portugiisk kuloniien sülststenniğ. In 't joer 1986 trad Portugal däi [[Wp/frs/Europeesk Unjoon|Europeesk Unjoon]] bii. == Politik un wirtskaft == Portugal is 'n semipresidensjel republik. Dat parlóment, däi Assembleia da República, het äin kóómer. Portugal het 18 distrikten; däi Atsooren un Madeira bünt aautonôom regjoonen. Däi wirtskaft bestaajt f'râal uut denstlaistens, industrii un landwirtskaft. Wichtiğ rebäiten bünt turismus, hannel, industrii un dat móóken fan tekstiilien un aautomobiilen. In d' landwirtskaft wordent f'râal wiindruuven, oliiven, oobst un gemüües anbaaut. Däi grôotst wirtskaftsruumen liegent um Lissóbon un Porto. == Wellen == [[Category:Wp/frs]] <references /> [[Category:Land]] {{INTERWIKI|Q45}} te9o13jx2h97375yh5eejswjevaou32 7256256 7256116 2026-07-20T08:15:26Z Kluntjekniiper 2659379 /* Histoorje */ 7256256 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/frs/Inf'rmóósjoonsboks Land |Nóóm = Portugal |Bild = Flag of Portugal.svg |Bildbräed't = 150px |Tóól = [[Wp/frs/Portugiisk|Portugiisk]] |Hoovdstad = [[Wp/frs/Lissóbon|Lissóbon]] |Inwoonertóól = 11.424.031 (31. desember 2025) |Flâakt = 92.212 km² |Besiidelnsdiecht't = 124 inwooners/km² |Grünnen = 1143 |Regäärensföörm = [[Wp/frs/Semipresidensjäel republik|Semipresidensjäel republik]] }} '''Portugal''' ([[Wp/frs/Portugiisk|portugiisk]] ''Portugal''), amtelk däi '''Portugiisk Republik''', is 'n stóót in 't süüdwest fan [[Wp/frs/Europó|Europó]]. Dat land liğt in 't west fan dat [[Wp/frs/Ibeersk Halfailand|Ibeersk Halfailand]] un het bloot mit [[Wp/frs/Spóónjen|Spóónjen]] 'n landsgräens. In 't west un süüed liğt däi [[Wp/frs/Atlantisk Oseóón|Atlantisk Oseóón]]. Tau Portugal höörent ook däi ailandgruppen [[Wp/frs/Atsooren|Atsooren]] un Madeeró. Hoovdstad un grôotst stad is [[Wp/frs/Lissóbon|Lissóbon]]; 'n anner wichtiğ tsentrum is Porto. Up d' 31. desember 2025 haar Portugal r.w. 11,4 miljoonen inwooners.<ref name="INE">[https://www.ine.pt/ngt_server/attachfileu.jsp?att_display=n&att_download=y&look_parentBoui=799790042 Resident population increases to 11.4 million.] Instituto Nacional de Estatística, 22. junii 2026, ofraupen up d' 20. julii 2026 (engelsk).</ref> Däi landsgrensen fan Portugal hebbent sük siit dat 13. jorhunnert hóóst näit ferannert. In 't 15. un 16. jorhunnert wur dat land 'n wichtiğ macht in d' seifort un in d' hannel un baaude äien fan däi grôotst kulonióólriiken up. Fandóóeğ is Portugal 'n demokróótsk republik un lid fan däi [[Wp/frs/Europeesk Unjoon|Europeesk Unjoon]], däi [[Wp/frs/NATO|NATO]] un däi [[Wp/frs/Feräint Nóósjoonen|Feräint Nóósjoonen]]. == Geogróófii == Dat portugiisk hoovdgebiit liğt up däi westelk däil fan 't Ibeersk Halfailand. In 't noord un in d' middent is dat land grootendäils baarğachtiğ; in 't süüed liğt fööl flâak land. Wichtiğ äjen bünt däi Douro, däi Tejo un däi Guadiana. Säi kooment uut Spóónjen un fläitent in d' Atlantisk Oseóón. Däi Atsooren liegent wiid in d' Atlantisk Oseóón un bünt fan wulkóónsk oorsprung. Madeeró liğt fööl wiider in 't süüdwest. Däi hôoğst punkt fan Portugal is däi wulkóón Ponta do Pico up 't ailand Pico mit 2351 meeter. Up dat hoovdgebiit is däi Torre in d' Serra da Estrela mit 1993 meeter däi hôoğst punkt. In 't noord gift dat fööl meer reegen as in 't süüed, un däi winters bünt dor köyliger. Däi sömmers bünt mäist waarm un drööeğ, däi winters mild un reegenriik. Däi Atlantisk Oseóón het 'n stâark inflaud up dat wêer. == Befolken un kultüer == Däi offisjäel tóól is [[Wp/frs/Portugiisk|Portugiisk]]. In 'n lütjet gebiit in 't noordoost word't ook [[Wp/frs/Mirandeesk|Mirandeesk]] proot't. Däi mäiest minsken leevent an d' küest, f'râal in däi baalensruumen Lissóbon un Porto. Dat binnenland is fööl dünner besiidelt. Däi seifort, dat kristendaum un däi kuntakten mit anner weerlddäilen hebbent däi portugiisk kultüer staark beinflaud't. Bekent bünt däi musik fado, däi portugiisk litteróótüer un däi kööken mit fööl fisk. Portugal is ook bekent um siin wiinen un um däi produksjoon fan köerk. == Histoorje == In d' antîik höörde dat gebiit tau dat [[Wp/frs/Roomsk Riik|Roomsk Riik]]. Nóódeem regäärdent d'r Sueeben un Westgooten. Fan d' 8. jorhunnert of an regäärdent musliimsk riiken oover 'n grôot däil fan dat halfailand. In d' loop fan däi [[Wp/frs/Reconquista|Reconquista]] undstun in 't 12. jorhunnert dat Köönenkriik Portugal. In 't joer 1143 wur siin sülststenniğkaid in 'n kuntrakt fastläeğt. In 't 15. un 16. jorhunnert wur däi portugiisk seifort oover grôot däilen fan d' weerld uutbaaut. In [[Wp/frs/Óófrikó|Óófrikó]], [[Wp/frs/Óósien|Óósien]] un [[Wp/frs/Amerikó|Amerikó]] wurdent hannelsplatsen un kuloniien grünt. Soo baaude Portugal äien fan däi grôotst kulonióólriiken up. [[Wp/frs/Brasilien|Brasilien]] was däi wichtiğst kulonii. 1910 wur däi monarchii ofskaft un däi republik uutraupen. Fan 1933 bit 1974 regäärde dat aautoritêer Estado-Novo-rezjiim. Mit däi rewulusjoon fan d' 25. april 1974 kwam däi diktóótüer tau 'n äen. Nóódeem wurdent hóóst âal portugiisk kuloniien sülststenniğ. In 't joer 1986 trad Portugal däi [[Wp/frs/Europeesk Unjoon|Europeesk Unjoon]] bii. == Politik un wirtskaft == Portugal is 'n semipresidensjel republik. Dat parlóment, däi Assembleia da República, het äin kóómer. Portugal het 18 distrikten; däi Atsooren un Madeira bünt aautonôom regjoonen. Däi wirtskaft bestaajt f'râal uut denstlaistens, industrii un landwirtskaft. Wichtiğ rebäiten bünt turismus, hannel, industrii un dat móóken fan tekstiilien un aautomobiilen. In d' landwirtskaft wordent f'râal wiindruuven, oliiven, oobst un gemüües anbaaut. Däi grôotst wirtskaftsruumen liegent um Lissóbon un Porto. == Wellen == [[Category:Wp/frs]] <references /> [[Category:Land]] {{INTERWIKI|Q45}} fyc8qy22s7wuqkh884tc0z1qvv7h49v 7256261 7256256 2026-07-20T08:26:35Z Kluntjekniiper 2659379 /* Politik un wirtskaft */ 7256261 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/frs/Inf'rmóósjoonsboks Land |Nóóm = Portugal |Bild = Flag of Portugal.svg |Bildbräed't = 150px |Tóól = [[Wp/frs/Portugiisk|Portugiisk]] |Hoovdstad = [[Wp/frs/Lissóbon|Lissóbon]] |Inwoonertóól = 11.424.031 (31. desember 2025) |Flâakt = 92.212 km² |Besiidelnsdiecht't = 124 inwooners/km² |Grünnen = 1143 |Regäärensföörm = [[Wp/frs/Semipresidensjäel republik|Semipresidensjäel republik]] }} '''Portugal''' ([[Wp/frs/Portugiisk|portugiisk]] ''Portugal''), amtelk däi '''Portugiisk Republik''', is 'n stóót in 't süüdwest fan [[Wp/frs/Europó|Europó]]. Dat land liğt in 't west fan dat [[Wp/frs/Ibeersk Halfailand|Ibeersk Halfailand]] un het bloot mit [[Wp/frs/Spóónjen|Spóónjen]] 'n landsgräens. In 't west un süüed liğt däi [[Wp/frs/Atlantisk Oseóón|Atlantisk Oseóón]]. Tau Portugal höörent ook däi ailandgruppen [[Wp/frs/Atsooren|Atsooren]] un Madeeró. Hoovdstad un grôotst stad is [[Wp/frs/Lissóbon|Lissóbon]]; 'n anner wichtiğ tsentrum is Porto. Up d' 31. desember 2025 haar Portugal r.w. 11,4 miljoonen inwooners.<ref name="INE">[https://www.ine.pt/ngt_server/attachfileu.jsp?att_display=n&att_download=y&look_parentBoui=799790042 Resident population increases to 11.4 million.] Instituto Nacional de Estatística, 22. junii 2026, ofraupen up d' 20. julii 2026 (engelsk).</ref> Däi landsgrensen fan Portugal hebbent sük siit dat 13. jorhunnert hóóst näit ferannert. In 't 15. un 16. jorhunnert wur dat land 'n wichtiğ macht in d' seifort un in d' hannel un baaude äien fan däi grôotst kulonióólriiken up. Fandóóeğ is Portugal 'n demokróótsk republik un lid fan däi [[Wp/frs/Europeesk Unjoon|Europeesk Unjoon]], däi [[Wp/frs/NATO|NATO]] un däi [[Wp/frs/Feräint Nóósjoonen|Feräint Nóósjoonen]]. == Geogróófii == Dat portugiisk hoovdgebiit liğt up däi westelk däil fan 't Ibeersk Halfailand. In 't noord un in d' middent is dat land grootendäils baarğachtiğ; in 't süüed liğt fööl flâak land. Wichtiğ äjen bünt däi Douro, däi Tejo un däi Guadiana. Säi kooment uut Spóónjen un fläitent in d' Atlantisk Oseóón. Däi Atsooren liegent wiid in d' Atlantisk Oseóón un bünt fan wulkóónsk oorsprung. Madeeró liğt fööl wiider in 't süüdwest. Däi hôoğst punkt fan Portugal is däi wulkóón Ponta do Pico up 't ailand Pico mit 2351 meeter. Up dat hoovdgebiit is däi Torre in d' Serra da Estrela mit 1993 meeter däi hôoğst punkt. In 't noord gift dat fööl meer reegen as in 't süüed, un däi winters bünt dor köyliger. Däi sömmers bünt mäist waarm un drööeğ, däi winters mild un reegenriik. Däi Atlantisk Oseóón het 'n stâark inflaud up dat wêer. == Befolken un kultüer == Däi offisjäel tóól is [[Wp/frs/Portugiisk|Portugiisk]]. In 'n lütjet gebiit in 't noordoost word't ook [[Wp/frs/Mirandeesk|Mirandeesk]] proot't. Däi mäiest minsken leevent an d' küest, f'râal in däi baalensruumen Lissóbon un Porto. Dat binnenland is fööl dünner besiidelt. Däi seifort, dat kristendaum un däi kuntakten mit anner weerlddäilen hebbent däi portugiisk kultüer staark beinflaud't. Bekent bünt däi musik fado, däi portugiisk litteróótüer un däi kööken mit fööl fisk. Portugal is ook bekent um siin wiinen un um däi produksjoon fan köerk. == Histoorje == In d' antîik höörde dat gebiit tau dat [[Wp/frs/Roomsk Riik|Roomsk Riik]]. Nóódeem regäärdent d'r Sueeben un Westgooten. Fan d' 8. jorhunnert of an regäärdent musliimsk riiken oover 'n grôot däil fan dat halfailand. In d' loop fan däi [[Wp/frs/Reconquista|Reconquista]] undstun in 't 12. jorhunnert dat Köönenkriik Portugal. In 't joer 1143 wur siin sülststenniğkaid in 'n kuntrakt fastläeğt. In 't 15. un 16. jorhunnert wur däi portugiisk seifort oover grôot däilen fan d' weerld uutbaaut. In [[Wp/frs/Óófrikó|Óófrikó]], [[Wp/frs/Óósien|Óósien]] un [[Wp/frs/Amerikó|Amerikó]] wurdent hannelsplatsen un kuloniien grünt. Soo baaude Portugal äien fan däi grôotst kulonióólriiken up. [[Wp/frs/Brasilien|Brasilien]] was däi wichtiğst kulonii. 1910 wur däi monarchii ofskaft un däi republik uutraupen. Fan 1933 bit 1974 regäärde dat aautoritêer Estado-Novo-rezjiim. Mit däi rewulusjoon fan d' 25. april 1974 kwam däi diktóótüer tau 'n äen. Nóódeem wurdent hóóst âal portugiisk kuloniien sülststenniğ. In 't joer 1986 trad Portugal däi [[Wp/frs/Europeesk Unjoon|Europeesk Unjoon]] bii. == Politik un wirtskaft == Portugal is 'n semipresidensjäel republik. Dat parlóment, däi Assembleia da República, het äin kóómer. Portugal het 18 distrikten; däi Atsooren un Madeeró bünt aautonôom regjoonen. Däi wirtskaft bestaajt f'râal uut denstlaistungen, industrii un landwirtskaft. Wichtiğ rebäiten bünt turismus, hannel un industrii - hir f'râal däi tekstiil- un aautomobiilsektoor. In d' landwirtskaft wordent f'râal wiindruuven, oliiven, oobst un gemüües anbaaut. Däi grôotst wirtskaftsruumen liegent um Lissóbon un Porto. == Wellen == [[Category:Wp/frs]] <references /> [[Category:Land]] {{INTERWIKI|Q45}} 5w6a1cyxkxik66i7cqplhr529fenygz 0 3791666 7255945 2026-07-19T23:56:17Z Maritza Stephanie Alvarenga 2691603 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" |'''atzakwani''' ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Zoología ''Grammatical Category:'' Zoology ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Morena Leiva-atzakwani.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Buteo platypterus immature flying.jpg|thumb|250x250px|atzakwani]] === Español === Atzakwani Zoo. Azacuán Panuketa ne ajatzakwani: Ya pasaron los azacuanes. === English ==..." 7255945 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" |'''atzakwani''' ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Zoología ''Grammatical Category:'' Zoology ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Morena Leiva-atzakwani.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Buteo platypterus immature flying.jpg|thumb|250x250px|atzakwani]] === Español === Atzakwani Zoo. Azacuán Panuketa ne ajatzakwani: Ya pasaron los azacuanes. === English === Atzakwani Zoo. Azacuán Panuketa ne ajatzakwani: The azacuáns have passed [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Zoología]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] oubwm30n82zu8pujrrrqogbkbom3n52 0 3791667 7255948 2026-07-20T00:00:02Z Tatiana Flores de Constante 2602238 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''TEPEJEKAT''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Taty Flores De Constante (Tatiana Flores de Constante)-tepejekat.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Montaña Peñalara Sierra de Guadarrama 07.jpg|thumb|250px|tepejekat]] === Español === Viento de montaña Witz ne tepejekat: Viene la..." 7255948 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''TEPEJEKAT''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Taty Flores De Constante (Tatiana Flores de Constante)-tepejekat.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Montaña Peñalara Sierra de Guadarrama 07.jpg|thumb|250px|tepejekat]] === Español === Viento de montaña Witz ne tepejekat: Viene la brisa de la montaña. === English === Mountain wind Witz ne tepejekat: The mountain breeze comes. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Sustantivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] q9s9uqvgmjounfvyca1d4m8xhjuxe9g 0 3791668 7255954 2026-07-20T00:15:47Z Tatiana Flores de Constante 2602238 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" |'''TEPEMICHIN''' ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Zoología ''Grammatical Category:'' Zoology ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Taty Flores De Constante (Tatiana Flores de Constante)-tepemichin.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Agonostomus monticola photo.jpg|thumb|250x250px|tepemichin]] === Español === Tepemechín Ne tepemichin: El tepemechín. === Engl..." 7255954 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" |'''TEPEMICHIN''' ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Zoología ''Grammatical Category:'' Zoology ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Taty Flores De Constante (Tatiana Flores de Constante)-tepemichin.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Agonostomus monticola photo.jpg|thumb|250x250px|tepemichin]] === Español === Tepemechín Ne tepemichin: El tepemechín. === English === Mountain mullet. Ne tepemichin: the mountain mullet. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Zoología]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] q3bj2jagopn97svrxrlmawgwfcq8c4p 0 3791669 7255963 2026-07-20T00:47:41Z AtIácatI 2693788 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" |'''TENKERE''' ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Zoología ''Grammatical Category:'' Zoology ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nuria Danixa Sandoval-tenkere.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Three-eyed lizard (Chalarodon madagascariensis) male Toliara.jpg|thumb|250x250px|Tenkere]] === Español === Tenguereche Ne tenkere: El tenguereche. === English === Teng..." 7255963 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" |'''TENKERE''' ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Zoología ''Grammatical Category:'' Zoology ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nuria Danixa Sandoval-tenkere.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Three-eyed lizard (Chalarodon madagascariensis) male Toliara.jpg|thumb|250x250px|Tenkere]] === Español === Tenguereche Ne tenkere: El tenguereche. === English === Tenguereche Ne tenkere: The lizard. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Zoología]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] 52ovofx43r0ov4uel6wqqxqcwwejrjn 0 3791670 7255966 2026-07-20T00:51:02Z Fificasru 2691445 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" |'''-ISH -KSHI''' ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Anatomía ''Grammatical Category:'' Anatomical ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Taty Flores De Constante (Tatiana Flores de Constante)--ish - kshi.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Ankle.jpg|thumb|250x250px|-Ish -kshi]] ===Español === Tobillo Ne iish nukshi: Mi tobillo. ===English === Ankle Ne iish nuks..." 7255966 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" |'''-ISH -KSHI''' ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Anatomía ''Grammatical Category:'' Anatomical ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Taty Flores De Constante (Tatiana Flores de Constante)--ish - kshi.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Ankle.jpg|thumb|250x250px|-Ish -kshi]] ===Español === Tobillo Ne iish nukshi: Mi tobillo. ===English === Ankle Ne iish nukshi: My ankle. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Anatomía]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] 3tdcowj6bqh7ck1ncgb4l2saus2gv3p 0 3791671 7255967 2026-07-20T00:54:01Z AtIácatI 2693788 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''TENHULINI''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nuria Danixa Sandoval-tenhulini.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Sexy-Red-Lips Happy-Girl.jpg|thumb|250px|Tenhulini]] === Español === Mover los labios (sin hablar) María nechita wan maya tenhulin: María me m..." 7255967 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''TENHULINI''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nuria Danixa Sandoval-tenhulini.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Sexy-Red-Lips Happy-Girl.jpg|thumb|250px|Tenhulini]] === Español === Mover los labios (sin hablar) María nechita wan maya tenhulin: María me mira y solo mueve la boca. === English === Moving one's lips (without speaking) María nechita wan maya tenhulin: María looks at me and only moves her mouth. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Intransitivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] iyzih7ugz3gu2n1hyzczhon4vqn4uli 0 3791672 7255968 2026-07-20T00:55:54Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါချီး === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰàɕï/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ သတ္တဝါရို့ဧ့ ဝှေးစိအစုံကို ထုတ်ပြီးရေ ဆိတ်။ သင်းကွပ်ပြီးရေ ဆိတ်။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * castrated goat; wether (a castrated..." 7255968 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါချီး === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰàɕï/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ သတ္တဝါရို့ဧ့ ဝှေးစိအစုံကို ထုတ်ပြီးရေ ဆိတ်။ သင်းကွပ်ပြီးရေ ဆိတ်။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * castrated goat; wether (a castrated male goat or sheep) === ဗမာ === * ၁၊ သတ္တဝါတို့၏ ဝှေးစေ့အစုံကို ထုတ်ပြီးသော ဆိတ်။ သင်းကွပ်ပြီးသော ဆိတ်။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] 1wj7uuaxes4ypxudslir6uhuqm2vn2q 0 3791673 7255969 2026-07-20T00:59:10Z Tatiana Flores de Constante 2602238 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''TEPEYAT''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Taty Flores De Constante (Tatiana Flores de Constante)-tepeyat.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Creciente del río San Antonio - panoramio.jpg|thumb|250px|tepeyat]] === Español === Creciente del río Temu ne tepeyat: Bajando la cre..." 7255969 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''TEPEYAT''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Taty Flores De Constante (Tatiana Flores de Constante)-tepeyat.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Creciente del río San Antonio - panoramio.jpg|thumb|250px|tepeyat]] === Español === Creciente del río Temu ne tepeyat: Bajando la creciente Creciente; corriente (río) Walejku ne tepeyat ika kimaka at: Viene la correntada porque está lloviendo. === English === River Flood Temu ne tepeyat: Going down the flood. Crescent; current (river) Walejku ne tepeyat ika kimaka at: The current is coming because it is raining. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Sustantivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] 5ejm033cnw8804tsvmgexmucr6h7vlc 0 3791674 7255970 2026-07-20T00:59:32Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါချဉ် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰàɕàɪɴ/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === ဖက်ရွက်တိနန့် အုံဖွဲ့ပြီးကေနိန်ရေ ပရွတ်နီကောင် တမျိုး။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === red ant === ဗမာ === သစ်ရွက်များဖြင..." 7255970 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါချဉ် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰàɕàɪɴ/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === ဖက်ရွက်တိနန့် အုံဖွဲ့ပြီးကေနိန်ရေ ပရွတ်နီကောင် တမျိုး။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === red ant === ဗမာ === သစ်ရွက်များဖြင့် အုံဖွဲ့၍နေသော ပရွတ်နီကောင် တစ်မျိုး။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] hnm7ldieakc07wzql911aga2eheb60a 0 3791675 7255972 2026-07-20T01:01:24Z AtIácatI 2693788 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''TEMAJMAW''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Adjetivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Adjective ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nuria Danixa Sandoval-temajmaw.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Military dog barking (cropped).JPG|thumb|250px|Temajmaw]] === Español === Asusta (da miedo) Ne pelu temajmaw: El perro asusta (da miedo). === English === It is sc..." 7255972 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''TEMAJMAW''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Adjetivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Adjective ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nuria Danixa Sandoval-temajmaw.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Military dog barking (cropped).JPG|thumb|250px|Temajmaw]] === Español === Asusta (da miedo) Ne pelu temajmaw: El perro asusta (da miedo). === English === It is scary (it causes fear) Ne pelu temajmaw: The dog is scary (it causes fear). [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Adjetivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] ejxq5fx9fy9m5rb8w5l0wok6puw8jqc 0 3791676 7255973 2026-07-20T01:01:35Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါဂြစ် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰàdʑɪʔ/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ ဖြားရီ တက်လာကေ အပင်မာ တွယ်ကပ်နိန်ရေ ခရုငယ်တမျိုး။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * 1. a species of small marine snail found clinging to plants during high tide..." 7255973 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါဂြစ် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰàdʑɪʔ/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ ဖြားရီ တက်လာကေ အပင်မာ တွယ်ကပ်နိန်ရေ ခရုငယ်တမျိုး။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * 1. a species of small marine snail found clinging to plants during high tide; periwinkle snail; littorina === ဗမာ === * ၁၊ ဒီရေပြည့် တက်လာလျှင် အပင်တွင် တွယ်ကပ်နေသော ခရုငယ်တစ်မျိုး။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] 6mz9crxeewcxsqtskri23z7wqobh8b2 0 3791677 7255974 2026-07-20T01:02:31Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါတော်ကျူး === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰàtɔ̀t͡ɕù:/}} === ကြိယာဝိသေသန === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာဝိသေသန}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === တနှစ်ထက် ပိုပြီးကေ အလွန်။ အချိန်ကြာညောင်းစွာ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === more than one year === ဗမာ ===..." 7255974 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါတော်ကျူး === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰàtɔ̀t͡ɕù:/}} === ကြိယာဝိသေသန === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာဝိသေသန}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === တနှစ်ထက် ပိုပြီးကေ အလွန်။ အချိန်ကြာညောင်းစွာ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === more than one year === ဗမာ === တစ်နှစ်ထက် ပို၍ လွန်စွာ။ အချိန်ကြာညောင်းစွာ။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] m424ce6s1z8n57agztb1vxcoxlxhibw 0 3791678 7255975 2026-07-20T01:06:30Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါတိုင်း === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰàtáɪɴ/}} === ကြိယာဝိသေသန === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာဝိသေသန}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ နိစိုင်ရက်ပြတ်။ တရက်ပြီးကေ တရက်။ တရက်မပြတ်။ * ၂၊ လွန်ခရေကာလက။ လွန်ခရေရက်က (..." 7255975 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါတိုင်း === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰàtáɪɴ/}} === ကြိယာဝိသေသန === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာဝိသေသန}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ နိစိုင်ရက်ပြတ်။ တရက်ပြီးကေ တရက်။ တရက်မပြတ်။ * ၂၊ လွန်ခရေကာလက။ လွန်ခရေရက်က (နန့်မတူ)။ * ၃၊ လားမြဲသော ကာလ။ "အသျှင်မင်းမြတ်၊ ခါတိုင်းဟူနှင့်၊ မတူလတ်ပဲ၊ ထူးမြတ်ခြင်းရာ" (ဒွေး) === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * 1. daily; everyday; day after day; continuously without break * 2. usually; as in the past; formerly (unlike recent days) * 3. as usual; habitually; as accustomed === ဗမာ === * ၁၊ နေ့စဉ်ရက်ဆက်။ တစ်နေ့ပြီးလျှင် တစ်နေ့။ တစ်နေ့မပြတ်။ * ၂၊ လွန်ခဲ့သောကာလက။ လွန်ခဲ့သောရက်က (နှင့်မတူ)။ * ၃၊ သွားမြဲသော ကာလ။ "အသျှင်မင်းမြတ်၊ ခါတိုင်းဟူနှင့်၊ မတူလတ်ပဲ၊ ထူးမြတ်ခြင်းရာ" (ဒွေး) == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] ctvhcn5umijqzqwtcuadz82786djmo8 0 3791679 7255976 2026-07-20T01:08:04Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါချဉ်ထုပ် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰàɕàɪɴtʰoʊʔ/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === ခြာချိုင်များ ဖက်ရွက်တိကို ပြုလုပ်ထားရေ ဖက်ရွက်အုံ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === nest of red ant === ဗမာ === ခါချဉ်မ..." 7255976 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါချဉ်ထုပ် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰàɕàɪɴtʰoʊʔ/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === ခြာချိုင်များ ဖက်ရွက်တိကို ပြုလုပ်ထားရေ ဖက်ရွက်အုံ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === nest of red ant === ဗမာ === ခါချဉ်များ သစ်ရွက်များကို ပြုလုပ်ထားသော သစ်ရွက်အုံ။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] 6l9xdes7l63qeqosv9gtckbd6tl3kpr 0 3791680 7255977 2026-07-20T01:08:42Z Fificasru 2691445 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''-ISHATIA''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Transitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Transitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Taty Flores De Constante (Tatiana Flores de Constante)--ishatia.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Waking up a sleeping schoolchild in a train.jpg|thumb|250px|-Ishatia]] === Español === Despertar a Niu-nikishatia Jua..." 7255977 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''-ISHATIA''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Transitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Transitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Taty Flores De Constante (Tatiana Flores de Constante)--ishatia.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Waking up a sleeping schoolchild in a train.jpg|thumb|250px|-Ishatia]] === Español === Despertar a Niu-nikishatia Juan: Voy a despertar a Juan. === English === Wake up (someone) Niunikishatia Juan: I'm going to wake up Juan. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Transitivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] 37m7afn859ajdea2b4nrogn6rmxm5wd 0 3791681 7255978 2026-07-20T01:09:09Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါချဉ်အုံ === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰàɕàɪɴʔòʊɴ/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === ခြာချိုင်သိုက်။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === nest of red ant === ဗမာ === ခါချဉ်သိုက်။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]]" 7255978 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါချဉ်အုံ === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰàɕàɪɴʔòʊɴ/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === ခြာချိုင်သိုက်။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === nest of red ant === ဗမာ === ခါချဉ်သိုက်။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] a8mubdivmpp67c84vrhu89b1wsar7g5 0 3791682 7255979 2026-07-20T01:11:25Z Tatiana Flores de Constante 2602238 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''TEPET''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Taty Flores De Constante (Tatiana Flores de Constante)-tepet.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Hochtor from Hesshütte, Ennstal Alps, Austria.jpg|thumb|250px|tepet]] === Español === Cerro; volcán; montaña Ne tepet: El cerro. Ne tep..." 7255979 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''TEPET''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Taty Flores De Constante (Tatiana Flores de Constante)-tepet.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Hochtor from Hesshütte, Ennstal Alps, Austria.jpg|thumb|250px|tepet]] === Español === Cerro; volcán; montaña Ne tepet: El cerro. Ne tepet kimima tit: El volcán. === English === Hill; volcano; mountain Ne tepet: The hill. Ne tepet kimima tit: The volcano [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Sustantivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] 4m4lbxhzjqzk8ghrh2gktb66a91cc5y 0 3791683 7255980 2026-07-20T01:15:01Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါထွက် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰàtʰwɛʔ/}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * အပြင်သို့ ရွင့်လားရေ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * to blow out; to be blown outside; to drift away outwardly === ဗမာ === * အပြင်သို့ လွင့်သွားသည်။ == က..." 7255980 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါထွက် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰàtʰwɛʔ/}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * အပြင်သို့ ရွင့်လားရေ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * to blow out; to be blown outside; to drift away outwardly === ဗမာ === * အပြင်သို့ လွင့်သွားသည်။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] 26y9m0aq7ul45pfn1htmtzz1dyyyr4d 0 3791684 7255981 2026-07-20T01:17:15Z Fificasru 2691445 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''-ISHAYU''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Taty Flores De Constante (Tatiana Flores de Constante)-ishayu.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Mary Magdalene Crying Statue.jpg|thumb|250px|-Ishayu]] === Español === Lágrima Temu nuishayu: Mi lágrima cae. === English === Tear T..." 7255981 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''-ISHAYU''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Taty Flores De Constante (Tatiana Flores de Constante)-ishayu.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Mary Magdalene Crying Statue.jpg|thumb|250px|-Ishayu]] === Español === Lágrima Temu nuishayu: Mi lágrima cae. === English === Tear Temu nuishayu: My tear falls. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Sustantivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] 8iny2eiw8pjr50qm57qtexmxqn5bf5b 0 3791685 7255982 2026-07-20T01:21:33Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါဗူးမှုန့် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰàbù:m̥òʊɴ့/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === မျက်နှာရို့ကို လူးရေ အမှုန့်။ ပေါင်ဒါမှုန့်။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === powder === ဗမာ === မျက်နှာတို့ကို လိ..." 7255982 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါဗူးမှုန့် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰàbù:m̥òʊɴ့/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === မျက်နှာရို့ကို လူးရေ အမှုန့်။ ပေါင်ဒါမှုန့်။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === powder === ဗမာ === မျက်နှာတို့ကို လိမ်းခြယ်သော အမှုန့်။ ပေါင်ဒါမှုန့်။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] m59fqn5yvfs7heebi3fd02hxqzwudua 0 3791686 7255983 2026-07-20T01:25:00Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါလီ === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰàlí/}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === တက်တက်ပြောင်ရေ။ သုံးစားရန် တခုလည်း မဟိဖြစ်တေ။ အလကား အကျိုးမဟိ ဖြစ်တေ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === in vain-to no purpose-without gain..." 7255983 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါလီ === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰàlí/}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === တက်တက်ပြောင်ရေ။ သုံးစားရန် တခုလည်း မဟိဖြစ်တေ။ အလကား အကျိုးမဟိ ဖြစ်တေ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === in vain-to no purpose-without gain === ဗမာ === အားလုံးကုန်စင်သည်။ သုံးစားရန် ဘာမှမရှိဖြစ်သည်။ အချည်းနှီးသက်သက် ဖြစ်သည်။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] 3qoc89vcjpqd1jdotq6hs1feudjdr8g 0 3791687 7255984 2026-07-20T01:26:59Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါလီကျ === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰàlít͡ɕ/}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === တက်တက်ပြောင်ရေ။ သုံးစားဖို့ တခုလည်းမဟိဖြစ်တေ။ အလကား အကျိုးမဟိ ဖြစ်တေ။ "သုံးစားမမီ၊ တန်းမညီက..." 7255984 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါလီကျ === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰàlít͡ɕ/}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === တက်တက်ပြောင်ရေ။ သုံးစားဖို့ တခုလည်းမဟိဖြစ်တေ။ အလကား အကျိုးမဟိ ဖြစ်တေ။ "သုံးစားမမီ၊ တန်းမညီကေ၊ ခါလီလည်းကျ၊ စျေးသည်ဆီမှာ၊ တောင်းနှက်ရလို့" (ပဒ) === အင်္ဂလိပ် === in vain-to no purpose-without gain === ဗမာ === အားလုံးကုန်စင်သည်။ သုံးစားရန် ဘာမှမရှိဖြစ်သည်။ အချည်းနှီးသက်သက် ဖြစ်သည်။ "သုံးစားမမီ၊ တန်းမညီကေ၊ ခါလီလည်းကျ၊ စျေးသည်ဆီမှာ၊ တောင်းနှက်ရလို့" (ပဒ) == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] 79uwss7wcwmrl6w63mh6vr7dfm66jig 0 3791688 7255985 2026-07-20T01:27:54Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါသ === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰàθ/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === စိတ်မငြိမ်ပဲ ကပျက်ကချော် ပြောဆိုပြုမူသူ။ ရူးကြောင်ကြောင်။ စိတ်မနှံ့သူ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === mentally ill === ဗမာ === စိ..." 7255985 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါသ === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰàθ/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === စိတ်မငြိမ်ပဲ ကပျက်ကချော် ပြောဆိုပြုမူသူ။ ရူးကြောင်ကြောင်။ စိတ်မနှံ့သူ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === mentally ill === ဗမာ === စိတ်မငြိမ်ပဲ ပေါ့ပေါ့တန်တန် ပြောဆိုပြုမူသူ။ ရူးကြောင်ကြောင်။ စိတ်မနှံ့သူ။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] 312m4a7diu05g9op71isymnh9p6qjft 0 3791689 7255986 2026-07-20T01:29:36Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါသလီခါသလာ === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰàθlíkʰàθlà/}} === ကြိယာဝိသေသန === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာဝိသေသန}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * စိကေချေ စိတ်မနှံ့ပဲ၊ ရူးနှမ်းနှမ်း။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * foolishly; half-wittedly; absurdly; in a slightly deranged..." 7255986 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါသလီခါသလာ === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰàθlíkʰàθlà/}} === ကြိယာဝိသေသန === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာဝိသေသန}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * စိကေချေ စိတ်မနှံ့ပဲ၊ ရူးနှမ်းနှမ်း။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * foolishly; half-wittedly; absurdly; in a slightly deranged or eccentric manner === ဗမာ === * အနည်းငယ် စိတ်မနှံ့ပဲ၊ ရူးနှမ်းနှမ်း။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] nuxrhdkinnl8buh7gcslriijqihcdwe 0 3791690 7255987 2026-07-20T01:29:43Z Maritza Stephanie Alvarenga 2691603 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''at takwawak''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Hector Martinez (Maritza Stephanie Alvarenga)-at takwawak.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:IceBlockNearJoekullsarlon.jpg|thumb|250px|at takwawak]] === Español === At takwawak Sust. Hielo Tesu nikneki at takwawak: No quiero hie..." 7255987 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''at takwawak''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Hector Martinez (Maritza Stephanie Alvarenga)-at takwawak.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:IceBlockNearJoekullsarlon.jpg|thumb|250px|at takwawak]] === Español === At takwawak Sust. Hielo Tesu nikneki at takwawak: No quiero hielo. === English === At takwawak Noun Ice Tesu nikneki at takwawak: I don't want ice [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Sustantivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] m1j5m9v47gk0k5m7d24f9m4ix9u7his 0 3791691 7255990 2026-07-20T01:33:36Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါသီခါသာ === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰàθíkʰàθà/}} === ကြိယာဝိသေသန === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာဝိသေသန}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ စိကေချေ စိတ်မနှံ့ပဲ။ * ၂၊ ဆင်ခြင်နိုင်စွမ်း မဟိခြင်းကြောင့် ဗရဗရီ ပြုမိပ..." 7255990 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါသီခါသာ === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰàθíkʰàθà/}} === ကြိယာဝိသေသန === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာဝိသေသန}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ စိကေချေ စိတ်မနှံ့ပဲ။ * ၂၊ ဆင်ခြင်နိုင်စွမ်း မဟိခြင်းကြောင့် ဗရဗရီ ပြုမိပြုရာ ပြုရေအတွက်နန့်။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * 1. foolishly; half-wittedly; in a slightly deranged or eccentric manner * 2. recklessly; mindlessly; acting erratically without discretion or reasoning === ဗမာ === * ၁၊ အနည်းငယ် စိတ်မနှံ့ပဲ။ * ၂၊ ဆင်ခြင်နိုင်စွမ်း မရှိခြင်းကြောင့် ထင်မိထင်ရာ ပြုမိပြုရာ ပြုသောအားဖြင့်။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] of7l4o25d5rvsbptd1zgr5b51mznoam 0 3791692 7255991 2026-07-20T01:36:18Z Fificasru 2691445 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''-ISHCHUKA''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Taty Flores De Constante (Tatiana Flores de Constante)--ishchuka.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:DSCF4880 gözyaşı.JPG|thumb|250px|-Ishchuka]] === Español === Ojo lloroso Muishchuka: Tu ojo lloroso. Mujmui..." 7255991 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''-ISHCHUKA''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Taty Flores De Constante (Tatiana Flores de Constante)--ishchuka.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:DSCF4880 gözyaşı.JPG|thumb|250px|-Ishchuka]] === Español === Ojo lloroso Muishchuka: Tu ojo lloroso. Mujmuishchukat: Tus ojos llorosos. === English === Tearful eye Muishchuka: Your tearful eye. Mujmuishchukat: Your watery eyes. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Intransitivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] hlh5ij0xzku5tsc1apm3vtpmtzd5l7u 0 3791693 7255992 2026-07-20T01:37:41Z AtIácatI 2693788 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''−TENHAYU''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nuria Danixa Sandoval--tenhayu.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Saliva Baby.jpg|thumb|250px|−Tenhayu]] === Español === Baba (animales o personas) Ne shulut itenhayu temu: El bebé está babeando. === English === Drool (animal..." 7255992 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''−TENHAYU''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nuria Danixa Sandoval--tenhayu.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Saliva Baby.jpg|thumb|250px|−Tenhayu]] === Español === Baba (animales o personas) Ne shulut itenhayu temu: El bebé está babeando. === English === Drool (animals or people) Ne shulut itenhayu temu: The baby is drooling. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Sustantivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] t7j16li8hfjyrasfddwop7qzynl3134 0 3791694 7255993 2026-07-20T01:44:30Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါသာ === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰàθà/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ ရှီးကာလသုံး ပိတ်ကောင်း ပိတ်ချောတမျိုး။ * ၂၊ ပိုးခြည်အကောင်းစားဖြင့် ရက်လုပ်ထားရေ ပိုးဖျင်တမျိ..." 7255993 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါသာ === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰàθà/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ ရှီးကာလသုံး ပိတ်ကောင်း ပိတ်ချောတမျိုး။ * ၂၊ ပိုးခြည်အကောင်းစားဖြင့် ရက်လုပ်ထားရေ ပိုးဖျင်တမျိုး။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * 1. fine cloth; high-quality ancient fabric * 2. silk fabric; premium silk cloth === ဗမာ === * ၁၊ ရှေးကာလသုံး ပိတ်ကောင်း ပိတ်ချောတစ်မျိုး။ * ၂၊ ပိုးချည်အကောင်းစားဖြင့် ရက်လုပ်ထားသော ပိုးဖျင်တစ်မျိုး။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] t2juuyc3pwqd9dakzfq82s7xjyfed9b 0 3791695 7255995 2026-07-20T01:45:10Z 26agcp 2575807 26agcp moved page [[Wp/yua/Koj]] to [[Wp/yua/Koj (ba'alche')]]: Agrego aclaración entre paréntesis para desambiguar 7255995 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Wp/yua/Koj (ba'alche')]] gut0dnlel8ngolj2s41u15l8yr1e7a7 7256015 7255995 2026-07-20T02:23:45Z 26agcp 2575807 Convierto en página de desambiguación 7256015 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Koj''': jump'éel t'áan ich maaya'e' ya'abkach ba'alo'ob ku páajtal u tsolik: * [[Wp/yua/Koj (ba'alche')|Koj (''puma'')]], juntúul ba'alche'. * [[Wp/yua/Koj (diente)|Koj (''diente'')]], junxóot' u wíinkilal máak. <!-- Si vas a desarrollar uno de estos temas, por favor escribe dentro del artículo correspondiente, no en esta página. --> [[Category:Wp/yua]] bowklsmds8wcgnf1a6j2onisyi9x4cq 0 3791696 7255998 2026-07-20T01:52:55Z Fificasru 2691445 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''-ISHCHUWILIA''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Transitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Transitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Taty Flores De Constante (Tatiana Flores de Constante)--ishchuwilia.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Lapsia kerrostalon pihalla Helsingissä 197005 HKMS000005 km0000lqj6.jpg|thumb|250px|-Ishchuwilia]] === Españo..." 7255998 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''-ISHCHUWILIA''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Transitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Transitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Taty Flores De Constante (Tatiana Flores de Constante)--ishchuwilia.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Lapsia kerrostalon pihalla Helsingissä 197005 HKMS000005 km0000lqj6.jpg|thumb|250px|-Ishchuwilia]] === Español === Hacer señas (gestos, muecas) Nikishchuwilia: Le estoy haciendo señas (para llamar a alguien, para despedirlo, para insultarlo). === English === Making signs (gestures, grimaces) Nikishchuwilia: I'm making signs to him (to call someone, to fire him, to insult him). [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Transitivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] 5yhfli1ojpjryepskq457e08yvtedmj 0 3791697 7256000 2026-07-20T01:55:35Z 26agcp 2575807 Creo nuevo artículo usando contenido de [[Wp/yua/Koj (ba'alche')]] 7256000 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Lower wisdom tooth.jpg|thumb|Koj]] Le '''koj'''o' junxoot' wíinkil yaan ichil u [[Wp/yua/Chi (boca)|chi']] máako'ob wa ba'alche'ob ku yáantit u jaant wa ba'ax, tumen le kojo' Ku yáantik ti'al u níich'a'al ba'axob, yan [[Wp/yua/Ts'a'ay|ts'a'ayo'ob]] le je'elo' ku yáantit u xet'ik yéetel a chi' le ba'ax a k'áat a jaanto', yan xan u cha'ankoj ichil chi'e' le je'elo' ku juch'ik ma'alob le ba'ax táan a jaantiko'. == Ilawil xan == * [[Wp/yua/Koj (ba'alche')|Koj (ba'alche')]] [[Category:Wp/yua]] {{INTERWIKI|Q553}} ib293xhbdh8oo2oio75z5eyf8t8wlq9 0 3791698 7256001 2026-07-20T02:07:15Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါး === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ လူတို့၏ တင်ပါးရိုးအထက် နံရိုးကြားအရပ်။ * ၂၊ တခုခု၏ အလယ်အရပ်။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * 1. waist (of a human body) * 2. middle; waist; midpoint (of an..." 7256001 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါး === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ လူတို့၏ တင်ပါးရိုးအထက် နံရိုးကြားအရပ်။ * ၂၊ တခုခု၏ အလယ်အရပ်။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * 1. waist (of a human body) * 2. middle; waist; midpoint (of an object) === ဗမာ === * ၁၊ လူတို့၏ တင်ပါးရိုးအထက် နံရိုးကြားအရပ်။ * ၂၊ တစ်စုံတစ်ခုတို့၏ အလယ်အရပ်။ === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ မကြားချင်၊ မခံသာချင် ဖြစ်တေ။ * ၂၊ မုန်းတီးရွံရှာရေ။ "မင်းစကားကို ကြားခါကပင် ခါးရေ" === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * 1. to detest; to be resentful; to find something unbearable or offensive (to hear) * 2. to loathe; to abhor; to abominate === ဗမာ === * ၁၊ မကြားချင်၊ မခံသာချင် ဖြစ်သည်။ * ၂၊ မုန်းတီးရွံရှာသည်။ "မင်းစကားကို ကြားခါကပင် ခါးရေ" === နာမဝိသေသန === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမဝိသေသန}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ခါးသော အရသာဟိရေ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * bitter === ဗမာ === * ခါးသောအရသာရှိသော။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] rym6cgrh473vnd04wpddvilo3smis37 0 3791699 7256002 2026-07-20T02:07:34Z Fificasru 2691445 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''ISHEJEKAT''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Adjetivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Adjective ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Taty Flores De Constante (Tatiana Flores de Constante)-ishejekat.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Noun confusion 2900892.svg|thumb|250px|Ishejekat]] === Español === Loco (medio loco) Pedro ishejekat: Pedro es medio loco (habla..." 7256002 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''ISHEJEKAT''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Adjetivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Adjective ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Taty Flores De Constante (Tatiana Flores de Constante)-ishejekat.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Noun confusion 2900892.svg|thumb|250px|Ishejekat]] === Español === Loco (medio loco) Pedro ishejekat: Pedro es medio loco (habla sin sentido, pero no es loco completamente). === English === Crazy (half crazy) Pedro ishejekat: Pedro is half crazy (he talks nonsense, but he is not completely crazy). [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Adjetivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] 8pvj9kymza17kkhijn60ipnfr7a5z9x 0 3791700 7256003 2026-07-20T02:09:03Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးကျိုး === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:t͡ɕó/}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === အလုပ်လုပ်နီတုန်း မပြီးသိခင် တိုးလို့တန်းလန်းနန့် ရပ်ဆိုင်းလားရေ။ အလုပ်ကိုပြီးယောင် မလု..." 7256003 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးကျိုး === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:t͡ɕó/}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === အလုပ်လုပ်နီတုန်း မပြီးသိခင် တိုးလို့တန်းလန်းနန့် ရပ်ဆိုင်းလားရေ။ အလုပ်ကိုပြီးယောင် မလုပ်ပဲ တပိုင်းတစ ထားခရေ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === suspend === ဗမာ === အလုပ်လုပ်နေဆဲတွင် မပြီးမပြတ်ခင် ရပ်ဆိုင်းသွားသည်။ အလုပ်ကိုပြီးအောင် မလုပ်ပဲ တစ်ပိုင်းတစ်စ ထားခဲ့သည်။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] cgao272tutni5fi5xl2xb1m1ko2za38 0 3791701 7256004 2026-07-20T02:10:51Z Tatiana Flores de Constante 2602238 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" |'''TEPULKUAT''' ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Zoología ''Grammatical Category:'' Zoology ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-TimumachtikanNawat-tepulkuat.wav|embed|200px]] |} File:Dermophis === Español === Tepelcua Ne tepulkuat: La tepelcua. === English === Mexican caecilian. Ne tepulkuat: The mexican caecilian. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Zo..." 7256004 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" |'''TEPULKUAT''' ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Zoología ''Grammatical Category:'' Zoology ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-TimumachtikanNawat-tepulkuat.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Dermophis === Español === Tepelcua Ne tepulkuat: La tepelcua. === English === Mexican caecilian. Ne tepulkuat: The mexican caecilian. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Zoología]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] 04x2qh8kcqo6w0ee6ml6s621oaatcog 7256027 7256004 2026-07-20T02:37:12Z Tatiana Flores de Constante 2602238 7256027 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" |'''TEPULKUAT''' ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Zoología ''Grammatical Category:'' Zoology ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-TimumachtikanNawat-tepulkuat.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Dermophis mexicanus.jpg|thumb|250x|tepulkuat]] === Español === Tepelcua Ne tepulkuat: La tepelcua. === English === Mexican caecilian. Ne tepulkuat: The mexican caecilian. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Zoología]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] eukb39g1kqkbjhbbqydrhf5p9w6gkzc 0 3791702 7256006 2026-07-20T02:13:51Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးကြိုးဒွါဒရာ === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:t͡ɕódwàdɹà/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ကျောက်မျက် ရတနာရို့နန့် စီခြယ် တန်ဆာ ဆင်ထားရေ (ခါးကြိုး) ခပန်း။ "ခါးကြိုးဒွါဒရာ၊ မျ..." 7256006 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးကြိုးဒွါဒရာ === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:t͡ɕódwàdɹà/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ကျောက်မျက် ရတနာရို့နန့် စီခြယ် တန်ဆာ ဆင်ထားရေ (ခါးကြိုး) ခပန်း။ "ခါးကြိုးဒွါဒရာ၊ မျက်ငါးဖြာကို၊ ဆင်ကာလည်းဝတ်" (ပိုးဝါ)။ "ခါးကြိုးတန်ဆာ၊ ဒွါဒရာကို၊ ကိုယ်မှာလည်းဝတ်" (ဒွေး) === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * an ornamental belt or girdle adorned with precious gems and jewels; jeweled waistband === ဗမာ === *ကျောက်မျက် ရတနာတို့ဖြင့် စီခြယ် တန်ဆာ ဆင်ထားသော (ခါးကြိုး) ခါးပတ်။ "ခါးကြိုးဒွါဒရာ၊ မျက်ငါးဖြာကို၊ ဆင်ကာလည်းဝတ်" (ပိုးဝါ)။ "ခါးကြိုးတန်ဆာ၊ ဒွါဒရာကို၊ ကိုယ်မှာလည်းဝတ်" (ဒွေး) == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] tqzpkpxcwu8i9nmis93bfjxrzy3rrap 0 3791703 7256007 2026-07-20T02:14:47Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးခါးစီးစီး === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:kʰà:sïsï/}} === နာမဝိသေသန === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမဝိသေသန}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === အလွန်ခါးသော အရသာဟိရေ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === bitter === ဗမာ === အလွန်ခါးသော အရသာရှိသော။ == ကိုး..." 7256007 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးခါးစီးစီး === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:kʰà:sïsï/}} === နာမဝိသေသန === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမဝိသေသန}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === အလွန်ခါးသော အရသာဟိရေ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === bitter === ဗမာ === အလွန်ခါးသော အရသာရှိသော။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] 9gn03znrb5cjuiuax5dcjaecc1c50co 0 3791704 7256008 2026-07-20T02:15:58Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးခါးတီတီ === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:kʰà:títí/}} === ကြိယာဝိသေသန === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာဝိသေသန}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === မစာမနာ။ မထောက်မထားပဲ။ ကြမ်းကြုတ်ရိုင်းပျစွာ။ ယိုင်ကျေးသိမ်မွေ့ခြင်း မဟ..." 7256008 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးခါးတီတီ === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:kʰà:títí/}} === ကြိယာဝိသေသန === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာဝိသေသန}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === မစာမနာ။ မထောက်မထားပဲ။ ကြမ်းကြုတ်ရိုင်းပျစွာ။ ယိုင်ကျေးသိမ်မွေ့ခြင်း မဟိပဲ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === rudely === ဗမာ === မညှာမတာ။ မထောက်မထားပဲ။ ကြမ်းကြုတ်ရိုင်းပျစွာ။ ယဉ်ကျေးသိမ်မွေ့ခြင်း ကင်းမဲ့စွာ။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] ogkk77lgzdeost0oroaqxp2leqzexmq 7256009 7256008 2026-07-20T02:17:03Z Retkhaberi 2609544 7256009 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးခါးတီတီ === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:kʰà:títí/}} === ကြိယာဝိသေသန === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာဝိသေသန}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * မစာမနာ။ မထောက်မထားပဲ။ ကြမ်းကြုတ်ရိုင်းပျစွာ။ ယိုင်ကျေးသိမ်မွေ့ခြင်း မဟိပဲ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * rudely; harshly; ruthlessly; mercilessly; incivilly; without consideration or decency === ဗမာ === * မညှာမတာ။ မထောက်မထားပဲ။ ကြမ်းကြုတ်ရိုင်းပျစွာ။ ယဉ်ကျေးသိမ်မွေ့ခြင်း ကင်းမဲ့စွာ။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] e3zqbcrool3stuxgmbdmuf2mh1twgd1 0 3791705 7256011 2026-07-20T02:19:01Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးခါးတီးတီး === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:kʰà:tïtï/}} === နာမဝိသေသန === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမဝိသေသန}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === အလွန်ခါးသော အရသာဟိရေ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === bitter === ဗမာ === အလွန်ခါးသော အရသာရှိသော == ကိုးကာ..." 7256011 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးခါးတီးတီး === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:kʰà:tïtï/}} === နာမဝိသေသန === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမဝိသေသန}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === အလွန်ခါးသော အရသာဟိရေ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === bitter === ဗမာ === အလွန်ခါးသော အရသာရှိသော == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] b070pd2hpmmn4g5jfft2ftwwjqrnhlx 0 3791706 7256012 2026-07-20T02:19:52Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးခါးတက်တက် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:kʰà:tɛʔtɛʔ/}} === နာမဝိသေသန === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမဝိသေသန}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === အလွန်ခါးသော အရသာဟိရေ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === bitter === ဗမာ === အလွန်ခါးသော အရသာရှိသော။ == ကို..." 7256012 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးခါးတက်တက် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:kʰà:tɛʔtɛʔ/}} === နာမဝိသေသန === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမဝိသေသန}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === အလွန်ခါးသော အရသာဟိရေ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === bitter === ဗမာ === အလွန်ခါးသော အရသာရှိသော။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] bh5n02s1jtn9j9w2ifbg123qsxjf6dw 0 3791707 7256013 2026-07-20T02:21:42Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးခွ === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:kʰw/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * တင်ပချိတ်အထက် အပြင်သို့ ပိုထွက်နိန်ရေ ခါးအရပ်။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * flank; hip; the side of the body between the ribs and the hipbone; the curve of the waist ===..." 7256013 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးခွ === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:kʰw/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * တင်ပချိတ်အထက် အပြင်သို့ ပိုထွက်နိန်ရေ ခါးအရပ်။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * flank; hip; the side of the body between the ribs and the hipbone; the curve of the waist === ဗမာ === * တင်ပါးရိုးအထက် အပြင်သို့ ပိုထွက်နေသော ခါးအရပ်။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] pbemea19jird44uayh1s327ndkl63qh 0 3791708 7256014 2026-07-20T02:22:35Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးခွတင် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:kʰwtɪ̀ɴ/}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === အချေကို ခါးထစ်မာ ခွလို့ တင်ထားရေ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === carry a child astride one’s hip === ဗမာ === ကလေးငယ်ကို ခါးထစ်တွင်..." 7256014 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးခွတင် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:kʰwtɪ̀ɴ/}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === အချေကို ခါးထစ်မာ ခွလို့ တင်ထားရေ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === carry a child astride one’s hip === ဗမာ === ကလေးငယ်ကို ခါးထစ်တွင် ခွ၍ တင်ထားသည်။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] o71pbxfzv3wdr75rl9r3i955myu6v13 0 3791709 7256016 2026-07-20T02:27:31Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးစည်း === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:sɛ́/}} === နာမဝိသေသန === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမဝိသေသန}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ ပိန်သွယ်သော ခါးဟိရေ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * 1. slender-waisted; having a small or slender waist === ဗမာ === * ၁၊ သေးသွယ်သော ခါးရ..." 7256016 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးစည်း === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:sɛ́/}} === နာမဝိသေသန === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမဝိသေသန}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ ပိန်သွယ်သော ခါးဟိရေ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * 1. slender-waisted; having a small or slender waist === ဗမာ === * ၁၊ သေးသွယ်သော ခါးရှိသော။ === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ခါးအဝတ်ကို နောင်းနောင်း ချိုင်နှောင် ထားရေ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * to gird one's waist; to tie or bind the waist clothes tightly === ဗမာ === * ခါးအဝတ်ကို နောင်းနောင်း ချည်နှောင် ထားသည်။ === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ ခတောင်း၊ လုံချီ။ * ၂၊ ခါးဝတ်ခတောင်းကို စည်းနှောင်ထားရေ အရာ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * 1. traditional lower garment tucked at the waist; paso; longyi * 2. waistband; waist-string; girdle === ဗမာ === * ၁၊ ပုဆိုး၊ လုံချီ။ * ၂၊ ခါးဝတ်ပုဆိုးကို စည်းနှောင်ထားသော အရာ။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] bvpcmjofa52rqbe7avl5pe6k2fwowlh 0 3791710 7256017 2026-07-20T02:27:50Z Fificasru 2691445 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''-ISHIJIA''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Transitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Transitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Taty Flores De Constante (Tatiana Flores de Constante)--ishijia.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:A man glowering, expressing hatred or jealousy. Engraving by Wellcome V0009360.jpg|thumb|250px|-Ishijia]] === Español..." 7256017 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''-ISHIJIA''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Transitivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Transitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Taty Flores De Constante (Tatiana Flores de Constante)--ishijia.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:A man glowering, expressing hatred or jealousy. Engraving by Wellcome V0009360.jpg|thumb|250px|-Ishijia]] === Español === Odiar Naja nikishijia Juan: yo odio a Juan. Nechishijiat: me odian. === English === Hate Naja nikishijia Juan: I hate Juan. Nechishijiat: They hate me. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Transitivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] 2umryhzugapckfndero76qjze10vk2i 0 3791711 7256018 2026-07-20T02:30:00Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးစည်းအင်္ကျီ === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:sɛ́ʔŋ̇karí/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ခါးစည်းလို့ အောက်ခြီ ကားကားဟိရေ အဘုချေတိ ဝတ်တေ အင်္ကျီ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * a baby dress or smock cinched at..." 7256018 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးစည်းအင်္ကျီ === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:sɛ́ʔŋ̇karí/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ခါးစည်းလို့ အောက်ခြီ ကားကားဟိရေ အဘုချေတိ ဝတ်တေ အင်္ကျီ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * a baby dress or smock cinched at the waist with a flared bottom; flared baby garment === ဗမာ === * ခါးစည်း၍ အောက်ခြေ ကားကားရှိသော ခလေးငယ်များ ဝတ်သော အင်္ကျီ။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] exlpbatfj8kwt2m6dbfumo2dexq4wxo 0 3791712 7256019 2026-07-20T02:30:50Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးစောင်း === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:sáʊɴ/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === ခါးဧ့ ဝဲယာဘက်။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === left waist === ဗမာ === ခါး၏ဝဲယာဘက်။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]]" 7256019 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးစောင်း === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:sáʊɴ/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === ခါးဧ့ ဝဲယာဘက်။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === left waist === ဗမာ === ခါး၏ဝဲယာဘက်။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] k9n49a8rvdd7kad3br5bmhjqvffvl8y 7256021 7256019 2026-07-20T02:32:07Z Retkhaberi 2609544 7256021 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးစောင်း === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:sáʊ¢/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ခါးဧ့ ဝဲယာဘက်။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * sides of the waist; left and right sides of the waist; flanks === ဗမာ === * ခါး၏ဝဲယာဘက်။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] 5dt0l5r6o8y7alk9g7beyutl8ekwzja 0 3791713 7256020 2026-07-20T02:31:34Z Tatiana Flores de Constante 2602238 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''TEPUNAWAS''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-TimumachtikanNawat-tepunawas.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:OchoRegiones032.JPG|thumb|250px|tepunawas]] === Español === Teponahuaste Ne tepunawas: el teponahuaste. === English === Slit drum. Ne tepunawas: The slit drum. C..." 7256020 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''TEPUNAWAS''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-TimumachtikanNawat-tepunawas.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:OchoRegiones032.JPG|thumb|250px|tepunawas]] === Español === Teponahuaste Ne tepunawas: el teponahuaste. === English === Slit drum. Ne tepunawas: The slit drum. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Sustantivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] tchsnzzbnpjrt0sn88fxclmj5khiokw 0 3791714 7256022 2026-07-20T02:32:08Z AtIácatI 2693788 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''TENHUJUMIT''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Adjetivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Adjective ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nuria Danixa Sandoval-tenhujumit.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Angelina Jolie at Davos crop.jpg|thumb|250px|Tenhujumit]] === Español === Trompudo (tener la boca grande, labios voluminosos) Taja titenhujumit: Vos sos trompud..." 7256022 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''TENHUJUMIT''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Adjetivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Adjective ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Nuria Danixa Sandoval-tenhujumit.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Angelina Jolie at Davos crop.jpg|thumb|250px|Tenhujumit]] === Español === Trompudo (tener la boca grande, labios voluminosos) Taja titenhujumit: Vos sos trompudo. Tumak mutenshipal: tus labios grandes. === English === Trompudo (having a large mouth, voluminous lips) Taja titenhujumit: You are a trompudo. tumak mutenshipal: your big lips [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Adjetivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] 185htykm85zrqzj72rmqwgl0d3bv55c 0 3791715 7256023 2026-07-20T02:33:13Z Fificasru 2691445 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''ISHINYU''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Taty Flores De Constante (Tatiana Flores de Constante)-ishinyu.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Bursera simaruba 13zz.jpg|thumb|250px|Ishinyu]] === Español === Jiote (enfermedad); árbol de jiote === English === Jiote (disease); ji..." 7256023 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''ISHINYU''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Taty Flores De Constante (Tatiana Flores de Constante)-ishinyu.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Bursera simaruba 13zz.jpg|thumb|250px|Ishinyu]] === Español === Jiote (enfermedad); árbol de jiote === English === Jiote (disease); jiote tree [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Sustantivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] qmtfm51n5crkv7f8wvahei0vqstnbwp 0 3791716 7256024 2026-07-20T02:33:14Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးစောင်းတင် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:sáʊɴtɪ̀ɴ/}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === တခုတရီသော ဝန်ပစ္စည်းကို ခါးထစ်မာ တင်ပနာသယ်ဆောင်ရေ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === carry something on the hip === ဗမာ === တ..." 7256024 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးစောင်းတင် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:sáʊɴtɪ̀ɴ/}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === တခုတရီသော ဝန်ပစ္စည်းကို ခါးထစ်မာ တင်ပနာသယ်ဆောင်ရေ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === carry something on the hip === ဗမာ === တစ်စုံတစ်ခုသော ဝန်ပစ္စည်းကို ခါးထစ်၌ တင်၍သယ်ဆောင်သည်။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] hf7fhzfrxs347tgzzlkpjuhr46x7gu4 0 3791717 7256025 2026-07-20T02:35:11Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးစောင်းထိုး === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:sáʊɴtʰó/}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ခတောင်း၊ လုံချီ၊ ထဘီ အစဟိစွာရို့ကို ခါးသို့ ပင့်တင်ရေ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * to hitch up or tuck up the lower garm..." 7256025 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးစောင်းထိုး === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:sáʊɴtʰó/}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ခတောင်း၊ လုံချီ၊ ထဘီ အစဟိစွာရို့ကို ခါးသို့ ပင့်တင်ရေ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * to hitch up or tuck up the lower garment (such as longyi, paso, or htamain) around the waist; to hitch up the skirt === ဗမာ === * ပုဆိုး၊ လုံချီ၊ ထဘီ စသည်တို့ကို ခါးသို့ ပင့်တင်သည်။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] j0upeo1nks07x7vyxui497g9jw7mjfy 0 3791718 7256026 2026-07-20T02:36:02Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးဆီး === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:sʰï/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === ခတောင်း၊ လုံချီ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === longyi === ဗမာ === ပုဆိုး၊ လုံချီ။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]]" 7256026 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးဆီး === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:sʰï/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === ခတောင်း၊ လုံချီ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === longyi === ဗမာ === ပုဆိုး၊ လုံချီ။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] r3mf7fk5hv42m3dyyxqe7ylmg5vfvja 0 3791719 7256029 2026-07-20T02:37:53Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးဆီးကြိုး === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:sʰït͡ɕÒ/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === အချေသူငယ်တိမာ အန္တရာယ်ကင်းရှင်းအောင် ခါးမာ စည်းနှောင်ထားရေ ခြည်ကြိုး။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === cinctu..." 7256029 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးဆီးကြိုး === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:sʰït͡ɕÒ/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === အချေသူငယ်တိမာ အန္တရာယ်ကင်းရှင်းအောင် ခါးမာ စည်းနှောင်ထားရေ ခြည်ကြိုး။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === cincture === ဗမာ === ကလေးသူငယ်များတွင် အန္တရာယ်ကင်းရှင်းအောင် ခါးတွင် စည်းနှောင်ထားသော ချည်ကြိုး။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] djot7m8hb1gypnwui05knjcqyg3rsl3 0 3791720 7256030 2026-07-20T02:39:07Z Song GK 2574547 Created page with "== Jaku Inggeris == === Reti === ==== Jaku nama ==== {{Wt/iba/head|en|jaku nama}} # [[Wt/iba/licha|licha]] [[Category:Wt/iba]]" 7256030 wikitext text/x-wiki == Jaku Inggeris == === Reti === ==== Jaku nama ==== {{Wt/iba/head|en|jaku nama}} # [[Wt/iba/licha|licha]] [[Category:Wt/iba]] 2hmw3i1pmlvz7d2cu79tvgnmfysi4h2 0 3791721 7256031 2026-07-20T02:40:41Z Song GK 2574547 Created page with "== Jaku Inggeris == === Reti === ==== Jaku nama ==== # [[Wt/iba/ai|ai]] [[Category:Wt/iba]]" 7256031 wikitext text/x-wiki == Jaku Inggeris == === Reti === ==== Jaku nama ==== # [[Wt/iba/ai|ai]] [[Category:Wt/iba]] qsv1sk8h8hm97buu6x9qjxt4dipl1d4 0 3791722 7256032 2026-07-20T02:41:27Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးဆစ် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:sʰɪʔ/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ ခါးအရိုးအဆစ်များဟိရေ နီရာ။ * ၂၊ တင်ပချိတ်အထက် အပြင်သို့ ပိုထွက်နိန်ရေ ခါးအရပ်။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် =..." 7256032 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးဆစ် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:sʰɪʔ/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ ခါးအရိုးအဆစ်များဟိရေ နီရာ။ * ၂၊ တင်ပချိတ်အထက် အပြင်သို့ ပိုထွက်နိန်ရေ ခါးအရပ်။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * 1. lumbar joint; lumbar vertebrae; lower back joints * 2. flank; hip; the curve of the waist above the hipbone === ဗမာ === * ၁၊ ခါးအရိုးအဆစ်များရှိသော နေရာ။ * ၂၊ တင်ပါးရိုးအထက် အပြင်သို့ ပိုထွက်နေသော ခါးအရပ်။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] ks0du84ryv9hh08kcd1pkn4p1ux6b9k 0 3791723 7256033 2026-07-20T02:41:31Z Song GK 2574547 Created page with "== Jaku Inggeris == === Reti === ==== Jaku nama ==== # [[Wt/iba/rumah|rumah]] [[Category:Wt/iba]]" 7256033 wikitext text/x-wiki == Jaku Inggeris == === Reti === ==== Jaku nama ==== # [[Wt/iba/rumah|rumah]] [[Category:Wt/iba]] enzeog9va73g40gocpekvwolsd1szjc 0 3791724 7256034 2026-07-20T02:42:21Z Song GK 2574547 Created page with "== Jaku Inggeris == === Reti === ==== Jaku nama ==== # [[Wt/iba/aktiviti|aktiviti]] [[Category:Wt/iba]]" 7256034 wikitext text/x-wiki == Jaku Inggeris == === Reti === ==== Jaku nama ==== # [[Wt/iba/aktiviti|aktiviti]] [[Category:Wt/iba]] t9yx0o6gt03kyeg0asurgovi465s1hg 0 3791725 7256035 2026-07-20T02:42:31Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးဆစ်တင် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:sʰɪʔtɪ̀ɴ/}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === တခုတရီသော ဝန်ပစ္စည်းကို ခါးဆစ်မာ တင်ပနာသယ်ဆောင်ရေ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === carry something on the hip === ဗမာ === တစ်စ..." 7256035 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးဆစ်တင် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:sʰɪʔtɪ̀ɴ/}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === တခုတရီသော ဝန်ပစ္စည်းကို ခါးဆစ်မာ တင်ပနာသယ်ဆောင်ရေ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === carry something on the hip === ဗမာ === တစ်စုံတစ်ခုသော ဝန်ပစ္စည်းကို ခါးဆစ်၌ တင်၍သယ်ဆောင်သည်။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] bmrhd9nn9bu4ilbcfxx99djse9s5vd6 0 3791726 7256036 2026-07-20T02:43:33Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးဆွဲကြိုး === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:sʰwɛt͡ɕó/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === အချေသူငယ်များမာ အန္တရာယ်ကင်းရှင်းအောင် ခါးမာ စည်းနှောင်ထားရေ ခြည်ကြိုး။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် ===..." 7256036 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးဆွဲကြိုး === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:sʰwɛt͡ɕó/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === အချေသူငယ်များမာ အန္တရာယ်ကင်းရှင်းအောင် ခါးမာ စည်းနှောင်ထားရေ ခြည်ကြိုး။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === cincture === ဗမာ === ကလေးသူငယ်များတွင် အန္တရာယ်ကင်းရှင်းအောင် ခါးတွင် စည်းနှောင်ထားသော ချည်ကြိုး။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] 7q6zlml1p1g136f805qkwh69hovvtk1 0 3791727 7256037 2026-07-20T02:44:19Z Song GK 2574547 Created page with "== Jaku Inggeris == === Reti === ==== Jaku nama ==== # [[Wt/iba/interaksyen|interaksyen]]; [[Wt/iba/kaul|kaul]] [[Category:Wt/iba]]" 7256037 wikitext text/x-wiki == Jaku Inggeris == === Reti === ==== Jaku nama ==== # [[Wt/iba/interaksyen|interaksyen]]; [[Wt/iba/kaul|kaul]] [[Category:Wt/iba]] epdz0et6xs5j6cbn7h27omrhj7iv21i 0 3791728 7256038 2026-07-20T02:45:22Z Song GK 2574547 Created page with "== Jaku Inggeris == === Reti === ==== Jaku nama ==== # [[Wt/iba/pengajar|pengajar]] [[Category:Wt/iba]]" 7256038 wikitext text/x-wiki == Jaku Inggeris == === Reti === ==== Jaku nama ==== # [[Wt/iba/pengajar|pengajar]] [[Category:Wt/iba]] c91e3uyy6dvnyybg1jw82zb2cwsu7kt 0 3791729 7256039 2026-07-20T02:45:48Z Song GK 2574547 Created page with "== Jaku Inggeris == === Reti === ==== Jaku nama ==== # [[Wt/iba/indai|indai]] [[Category:Wt/iba]]" 7256039 wikitext text/x-wiki == Jaku Inggeris == === Reti === ==== Jaku nama ==== # [[Wt/iba/indai|indai]] [[Category:Wt/iba]] ji9f3y1y19lmgrf14rp92jlsqftpijd 0 3791730 7256040 2026-07-20T02:46:16Z Song GK 2574547 Created page with "== Jaku Inggeris == === Reti === ==== Jaku nama ==== # [[Wt/iba/makai|makai]] [[Category:Wt/iba]]" 7256040 wikitext text/x-wiki == Jaku Inggeris == === Reti === ==== Jaku nama ==== # [[Wt/iba/makai|makai]] [[Category:Wt/iba]] loj84oj3csas37su1itmlqgvn6zfr8g 0 3791731 7256041 2026-07-20T02:47:15Z Song GK 2574547 Created page with "== Jaku Inggeris == === Reti === ==== Jaku nama ==== # [[Wt/iba/remang|remang]] [[Category:Wt/iba]]" 7256041 wikitext text/x-wiki == Jaku Inggeris == === Reti === ==== Jaku nama ==== # [[Wt/iba/remang|remang]] [[Category:Wt/iba]] em9iunilkmsf6xa5oq9gn5kq653tlyv 0 3791732 7256042 2026-07-20T02:48:09Z Song GK 2574547 Created page with "== Jaku Inggeris == === Reti === ==== Jaku nama ==== # [[Wt/iba/transaksyen|transaksyen]] [[Category:Wt/iba]]" 7256042 wikitext text/x-wiki == Jaku Inggeris == === Reti === ==== Jaku nama ==== # [[Wt/iba/transaksyen|transaksyen]] [[Category:Wt/iba]] jjeup93tr3eo3i2fwwgnezv8g50qib1 0 3791733 7256043 2026-07-20T02:48:41Z Song GK 2574547 Created page with "== Jaku Inggeris == === Reti === ==== Jaku nama ==== # [[Wt/iba/vaksin|vaksin]] [[Category:Wt/iba]]" 7256043 wikitext text/x-wiki == Jaku Inggeris == === Reti === ==== Jaku nama ==== # [[Wt/iba/vaksin|vaksin]] [[Category:Wt/iba]] 1i2a2jwgcbdqpo4088psf7vd6u36cgq 0 3791734 7256044 2026-07-20T02:49:45Z Song GK 2574547 Created page with "== Jaku Inggeris == === Reti === ==== Jaku nama ==== # [[Wt/iba/bup|bup]] [[Category:Wt/iba]]" 7256044 wikitext text/x-wiki == Jaku Inggeris == === Reti === ==== Jaku nama ==== # [[Wt/iba/bup|bup]] [[Category:Wt/iba]] guyhe3f8sdrgz4v13zsgmyn6zt1i8l1 0 3791735 7256045 2026-07-20T02:53:53Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးတောင်း === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:táʊɴ/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ခယောက်။ ခတောင်း။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * loincloth; a traditional style of wearing a khayauk/khataund === ဗမာ === * လုံချီ။ ပုဆိုး။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Templ..." 7256045 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးတောင်း === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:táʊɴ/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ခယောက်။ ခတောင်း။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * loincloth; a traditional style of wearing a khayauk/khataund === ဗမာ === * လုံချီ။ ပုဆိုး။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] 2zok1t7r47mxhybqt3f16rib5ztonby 0 3791736 7256046 2026-07-20T02:54:02Z Tatiana Flores de Constante 2602238 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''TEPUNTIK''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Adjetivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Adjective ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-TimumachtikanNawat-tepuntik.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Tamal de san andres tuxtla.jpg|thumb|250px|tepuntuk]] === Español === Grueso; gordo Tepuntik ne tamal: La tortilla es gruesa. Tepuntik ne amachti: El libro es grueso...." 7256046 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''TEPUNTIK''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Adjetivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Adjective ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-TimumachtikanNawat-tepuntik.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Tamal de san andres tuxtla.jpg|thumb|250px|tepuntuk]] === Español === Grueso; gordo Tepuntik ne tamal: La tortilla es gruesa. Tepuntik ne amachti: El libro es grueso. === English === Thick; fat Tepuntik ne tamale: The tortilla is thick. Tepuntik ne amachti: The book is thick. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Adjetivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] azhzei3p0xljh9o1hufi7sg9543fxrd 0 3791737 7256047 2026-07-20T02:56:27Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးတောင်းကျိုက် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:táʊɴt͡ɕaɪʔ/}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ဝတ်ထားရေ ခတောင်းစကို ပေါင်ကြားမှ လျှိုလို့ နောက်မာ ညှပ်ထားရေ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * to gi..." 7256047 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးတောင်းကျိုက် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:táʊɴt͡ɕaɪʔ/}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ဝတ်ထားရေ ခတောင်းစကို ပေါင်ကြားမှ လျှိုလို့ နောက်မာ ညှပ်ထားရေ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * to gird oneself; to tuck up the tail of the khayauk between the thighs and secure it at the back of the waist for work or readiness === ဗမာ === * ဝတ်ထားသော ပုဆိုးစကို ပေါင်ကြားမှလျှို၍ နောက်တွင် ညှပ်ထားသည်။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] j2ngrgt6362zcilwngbxrezxozrdiet 7256049 7256047 2026-07-20T03:01:50Z Retkhaberi 2609544 7256049 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးတောင်းကျိုက် === အသံထွက် === * {{RKI_IPA|/kʰà:táʊɴt͡ɕaɪʔ/}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ဝတ်ထားရေ ခတောင်းစကို ပေါင်ကြားမှ လျှိုလို့ နောက်မာ ညှပ်ထားရေ။ "လက်ခမောက် ဖောင်ဖောင်၊ တင်ပြောင်ပြောင်နှင့်၊ ခါးတောင်းကိုကျိုက်၊ အားမာန်ယစ်နှင့်" (ထွန်းတိ) === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * to gird oneself; to tuck up the tail of the khayauk between the thighs and secure it at the back of the waist for work or readiness === ဗမာ === * ဝတ်ထားသော ပုဆိုးစကို ပေါင်ကြားမှလျှို၍ နောက်တွင် ညှပ်ထားသည်။ "လက်ခမောက် ဖောင်ဖောင်၊ တင်ပြောင်ပြောင်နှင့်၊ ခါးတောင်းကိုကျိုက်၊ အားမာန်ယစ်နှင့်" (ထွန်းတိ) == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] i85eurgqsoeg9i2vkm9lbdjxalmxr9u 7256051 7256049 2026-07-20T03:02:20Z Retkhaberi 2609544 /* အသံထွက် */ 7256051 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးတောင်းကျိုက် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:táʊɴt͡ɕaɪʔ/}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ဝတ်ထားရေ ခတောင်းစကို ပေါင်ကြားမှ လျှိုလို့ နောက်မာ ညှပ်ထားရေ။ "လက်ခမောက် ဖောင်ဖောင်၊ တင်ပြောင်ပြောင်နှင့်၊ ခါးတောင်းကိုကျိုက်၊ အားမာန်ယစ်နှင့်" (ထွန်းတိ) === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * to gird oneself; to tuck up the tail of the khayauk between the thighs and secure it at the back of the waist for work or readiness === ဗမာ === * ဝတ်ထားသော ပုဆိုးစကို ပေါင်ကြားမှလျှို၍ နောက်တွင် ညှပ်ထားသည်။ "လက်ခမောက် ဖောင်ဖောင်၊ တင်ပြောင်ပြောင်နှင့်၊ ခါးတောင်းကိုကျိုက်၊ အားမာန်ယစ်နှင့်" (ထွန်းတိ) == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] 046158unt7eni5l3nsfsc5cgbewiolw 0 3791738 7256048 2026-07-20T02:59:11Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးတောင်းကျပ် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:táʊɴt͡ɕaʔ/}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ အချေသူငယ်ကို ခါးဆစ်တင်ပနာ ရွက်ချီရေ။ * ၂၊ ဝန်ပစ္စည်းကို ခါးတောင်းမာ ထားပနာ ချီ..." 7256048 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးတောင်းကျပ် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:táʊɴt͡ɕaʔ/}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ အချေသူငယ်ကို ခါးဆစ်တင်ပနာ ရွက်ချီရေ။ * ၂၊ ဝန်ပစ္စည်းကို ခါးတောင်းမာ ထားပနာ ချီမ သယ်ယူရေ။ * ၃၊ ခါးတောင်း ကျိုက်ရေ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * 1. to carry a child straddled on the hip * 2. to carry a heavy load or package secured at the waist or supported by the khataund * 3. to gird oneself; to tuck up the khataund for agility or work === ဗမာ === * ၁၊ ကလေးသူငယ်ကို ခါးဆစ်တင်၍ ရွက်ချီသည်။ * ၂၊ ဝန်ပစ္စည်းကို ခါးတောင်း၌ ထား၍ ချီမ သယ်ယူသည်။ * ၃၊ ခါးတောင်း ကျိုက်သည်။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] mvf0p2uqjqsgmjaqqxlwy7mlpd2nrjz 0 3791739 7256050 2026-07-20T03:02:05Z Tatiana Flores de Constante 2602238 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" |'''TEPUSAMACHTI''' ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Neologismo ''Grammatical Category:'' Neologism ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-TimumachtikanNawat-tepusamachti.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Jolla Sailfish tablet - MWC 2015.jpg|thumb|250x250px|tepusamachti]] === Español === Tablet; ebook Ne tepusamachti yek: La tablet es buena. === English === Tabl..." 7256050 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" |'''TEPUSAMACHTI''' ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Neologismo ''Grammatical Category:'' Neologism ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-TimumachtikanNawat-tepusamachti.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Jolla Sailfish tablet - MWC 2015.jpg|thumb|250x250px|tepusamachti]] === Español === Tablet; ebook Ne tepusamachti yek: La tablet es buena. === English === Tablet; ebook Ne tepusamachti yek: The tablet is good [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Neologismo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] 2myy18q2ebok5djd3vt3lb11rf0nl2b 0 3791740 7256052 2026-07-20T03:04:18Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးတောင်းကျိတ် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:táʊɴt͡ɕeɪʔ/}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ အချေသူငယ်ကို ခါးဆစ်တင်ပနာ ရွက်ချီရေ။ * ၂၊ ဝန်ပစ္စည်းကို ခါးတောင်းမာ ထားပနာ ချ..." 7256052 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးတောင်းကျိတ် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:táʊɴt͡ɕeɪʔ/}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ အချေသူငယ်ကို ခါးဆစ်တင်ပနာ ရွက်ချီရေ။ * ၂၊ ဝန်ပစ္စည်းကို ခါးတောင်းမာ ထားပနာ ချီမ သယ်ယူရေ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * 1. to carry a child straddled on the hip * 2. to carry a heavy load or package secured at the waist or supported by the khataund === ဗမာ === * ၁၊ ကလေးသူငယ်ကို ခါးဆစ်တင်၍ ရွက်ချီသည်။ * ၂၊ ဝန်ပစ္စည်းကို ခါးတောင်း၌ ထား၍ ချီမ သယ်ယူသည်။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] 52w6ie1hzm035jytsjbl0vnmr6ocer4 0 3791741 7256053 2026-07-20T03:05:33Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးတောင်းချိတ် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:táʊɴɕeɪʔ/}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === အချေသူငယ်ကို ခါးတောင်းထက် တင်ပနာ ရွက်ချီရေ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === carry a child astride one’s hip === ဗမာ === ကလေး..." 7256053 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးတောင်းချိတ် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:táʊɴɕeɪʔ/}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === အချေသူငယ်ကို ခါးတောင်းထက် တင်ပနာ ရွက်ချီရေ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === carry a child astride one’s hip === ဗမာ === ကလေးသူငယ်ကို ခါးတောင်းထက် တင်၍ ရွက်ပိုးချီသည်။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] f92pzm650dr2d4ihnzbri589tzlv5y8 0 3791742 7256054 2026-07-20T03:07:32Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးတောင်းဆင် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:táʊ¢sʰɪ̀¢/}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ခတောင်း၊ ခယောက်၊ ကိုယ်ဝတ်တန်ဆာ အစဟိစွာတိကို ဝတ်ဆင်ရေ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * to wear or put on lower garments and..." 7256054 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးတောင်းဆင် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:táʊ¢sʰɪ̀¢/}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ခတောင်း၊ ခယောက်၊ ကိုယ်ဝတ်တန်ဆာ အစဟိစွာတိကို ဝတ်ဆင်ရေ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * to wear or put on lower garments and traditional attires (such as khataund, khayauk, or other body vestments) === ဗမာ === * ပုဆိုး၊ လုံချီ၊ ကိုယ်ဝတ်တန်ဆာ စသည်များကို ဝတ်ဆင်သည်။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] lkrfk8bq4j3smw3e15euz1a168ocnv7 7256059 7256054 2026-07-20T03:17:01Z Retkhaberi 2609544 7256059 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးတောင်းဆင် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:táʊ¢sʰɪ̀¢/}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ၁၊ ခတောင်း၊ ခယောက်၊ ကိုယ်ဝတ်တန်ဆာ အစဟိစွာတိကို ဝတ်ဆင်ရေ။ "ဆေးကြောင်ကောင်းလို့၊ ခါးတောင်းဆင်ကေ၊ ကိုယ်ဝတ်အင်္ကျီ၊ ဖလာလီနှင့်" (မိုး) === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * 1. to wear or put on lower garments and traditional attires (such as khataund, khayauk, or other body vestments) === ဗမာ === * ၁၊ ပုဆိုး၊ လုံချီ၊ ကိုယ်ဝတ်တန်ဆာ စသည်များကို ဝတ်ဆင်သည်။ "ဆေးကြောင်ကောင်းလို့၊ ခါးတောင်းဆင်ကေ၊ ကိုယ်ဝတ်အင်္ကျီ၊ ဖလာလီနှင့်" (မိုး) == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] nrnnx3a9e6igiyviem3876sqstyjts5 0 3791743 7256057 2026-07-20T03:14:22Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးကြိုး === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:t͡ɕó/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * အဝတ်ထဗိန် ဝတ်တေအခါ ပြီမကျအောင် စည်းနှောင်ထားရရေ မိန်းမရို့၏ တန်ဆာ တမျိုး။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * a woman'..." 7256057 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးကြိုး === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:t͡ɕó/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * အဝတ်ထဗိန် ဝတ်တေအခါ ပြီမကျအောင် စည်းနှောင်ထားရရေ မိန်းမရို့၏ တန်ဆာ တမျိုး။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * a woman's waistband, belt, or sash used to secure a htabein (traditional skirt) at the waist === ဗမာ === * အဝတ်ပုဆိုး ဝတ်သည့်အခါ ပြေမကျအောင် စည်းနှောင်ထားရသော မိန်းမတို့၏ တန်ဆာ တစ်မျိုး။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] b282opctrq78dum6y2f6dssazejdiyx 0 3791744 7256058 2026-07-20T03:14:46Z Tatiana Flores de Constante 2602238 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" |'''TEPUSKWIKWILCHIWALIS''' ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Neologismo ''Grammatical Category:'' Neologism ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:00 - Alejandra García Viuda de Cortes (R Gabriela Martínez) - Tepuskwikwilchiwalis.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:HP Deskjet All in One Printer.jpg|thumb|250x250px|tepuskwikwilchiwalis]] === Español === Impresora Ne tepuskwikwilc..." 7256058 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" |'''TEPUSKWIKWILCHIWALIS''' ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Neologismo ''Grammatical Category:'' Neologism ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:00 - Alejandra García Viuda de Cortes (R Gabriela Martínez) - Tepuskwikwilchiwalis.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:HP Deskjet All in One Printer.jpg|thumb|250x250px|tepuskwikwilchiwalis]] === Español === Impresora Ne tepuskwikwilchiwalis: La impresora. === English === Printer Ne tepuskwikwilchiwalis: The printer. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Neologismo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] ih3tsq3l9f94of89joenhho8z372fqf 0 3791745 7256060 2026-07-20T03:17:58Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးတောင်းတင် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:táʊɴtɪ̀ɴ/}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === တခုတရီကို ခါးဆစ်တင်ပနာ ရွက်ချီရေ။ ချီမယူရေ။ ချီမ သယ်ယူရေ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === carry something on the hip ===..." 7256060 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးတောင်းတင် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:táʊɴtɪ̀ɴ/}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === တခုတရီကို ခါးဆစ်တင်ပနာ ရွက်ချီရေ။ ချီမယူရေ။ ချီမ သယ်ယူရေ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === carry something on the hip === ဗမာ === တစ်စုံတစ်ခုကို ခါးဆစ်တင်၍ ရွက်ချီသည်။ ချီမယူသည်။ ချီမယူသယ်ယူသည်။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] d9c01xherkvj5m0jylpvfofglin2zlp 0 3791746 7256061 2026-07-20T03:20:29Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးတောင်းပင့် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:táʊ¢pɪ̰¢/}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ခတောင်း၊ ခယောက်၊ ထဘီ အစဟိစွာရို့ကို ခါးသို့ ပင့်တင်ရေ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * to hitch up or pull up lower garmen..." 7256061 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးတောင်းပင့် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:táʊ¢pɪ̰¢/}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ခတောင်း၊ ခယောက်၊ ထဘီ အစဟိစွာရို့ကို ခါးသို့ ပင့်တင်ရေ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * to hitch up or pull up lower garments (such as khataund, khayauk, or htabein) up to the waist === ဗမာ === * ပုဆိုး၊ လုံချီ၊ ထဘီ စသည်တို့ကို ခါးသို့ ပင့်တင်သည်။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] 0jnhm90nmqj50dxlbqccmpr4wrxg14v 0 3791747 7256062 2026-07-20T03:22:45Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးထပိန်သျှေ === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:tʰpèɪɴʃè/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * သျှစ်နှစ် အရွယ်(ကလိန့်မေ)။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * an eight-year-old girl; a young girl around eight years of age === ဗမာ === * ရှစ်နှစ် အရွယ..." 7256062 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးထပိန်သျှေ === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:tʰpèɪɴʃè/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * သျှစ်နှစ် အရွယ်(ကလိန့်မေ)။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * an eight-year-old girl; a young girl around eight years of age === ဗမာ === * ရှစ်နှစ် အရွယ်( အမျိုးသမီး)။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] 3i53vaifjcgd67wap2ni7lfvyndkmw4 0 3791748 7256063 2026-07-20T03:24:51Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးထပိန်အရွယ် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:tʰpèɪɴʔɹwɛ̀/}} === နာမ် === * {{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * အရွယ်ရောက်စ ကလိန့်မေ။ ဂေါရီ။ အပျိုပေါက်။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * maiden; a young girl reaching puberty; an adolescent girl; a young maiden..." 7256063 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးထပိန်အရွယ် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:tʰpèɪɴʔɹwɛ̀/}} === နာမ် === * {{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * အရွယ်ရောက်စ ကလိန့်မေ။ ဂေါရီ။ အပျိုပေါက်။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * maiden; a young girl reaching puberty; an adolescent girl; a young maiden === ဗမာ === * အရွယ်ရောက်စ မိန်းမငယ်။ အပျိုပေါက်။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] 2cu2ltx8y9367rlqhebb17496cnr0xu 7256065 7256063 2026-07-20T03:28:19Z Retkhaberi 2609544 7256065 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးထပိန်အရွယ် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:tʰpèɪɴʔɹwɛ̀/}} === နာမ် === * {{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * အရွယ်ရောက်စ ကလိန့်မေ။ ဂေါရီ။ အပျိုပေါက်။ "ခါးထပိန် အရွယ်ရောက်လို့၊ ချစ်ကြိုက်စကား၊ ပြောသောခါ" (သံချပ်) === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * maiden; a young girl reaching puberty; an adolescent girl; a young maiden === ဗမာ === * အရွယ်ရောက်စ မိန်းမငယ်။ အပျိုပေါက်။ "ခါးထပိန် အရွယ်ရောက်လို့၊ ချစ်ကြိုက်စကား၊ ပြောသောခါ" (သံချပ်) == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] 0hdxima2f87lwyd5351xzygkrlktsp9 0 3791749 7256064 2026-07-20T03:26:50Z Tatiana Flores de Constante 2602238 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''TEPUSONCHIWALIS''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-TimumachtikanNawat-tepusonchiwalis.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Thierry on the Rhodes and CT-101.jpg|thumb|250px|tepusonchiwalis]] === Español === Instrumento musical eléctrico Ne tepusonchiwalis galanchin: Es bonito..." 7256064 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''TEPUSONCHIWALIS''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-TimumachtikanNawat-tepusonchiwalis.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Thierry on the Rhodes and CT-101.jpg|thumb|250px|tepusonchiwalis]] === Español === Instrumento musical eléctrico Ne tepusonchiwalis galanchin: Es bonito el instrumento musical eléctrico (metálico) === English === Electric musical instrument Ne tepusonchiwalis galanchin: The electric (metal) musical instrument is beautiful. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Sustantivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] 5ut7t0sjnoyp3fqxibys2ntoc3ks2ud 0 3791750 7256066 2026-07-20T03:30:47Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးထစ် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:tʰɪʔ/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * တင်ပချိတ်အထက် အပြင်သို့ ပိုထွက်နိန်ရေ ခါးအရပ်။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * flank; hip; the curve of the waist just above the hipbone === ဗမာ === * တင်..." 7256066 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးထစ် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:tʰɪʔ/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * တင်ပချိတ်အထက် အပြင်သို့ ပိုထွက်နိန်ရေ ခါးအရပ်။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * flank; hip; the curve of the waist just above the hipbone === ဗမာ === * တင်ပါးရိုးအထက် အပြင်သို့ ပိုထွက်နေသော ခါးအရပ်။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] ek9xhnp724tkgtz8iqy7wncb7fp5vbx 0 3791751 7256067 2026-07-20T03:31:40Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးထစ်တင် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:tʰɪʔtɪ̀ɴ/}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === တခုတရီသော ဝန်ပစ္စည်းကို ခါးထစ်မာ တင်ပနာ သယ်ဆောင်ရေ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === carry something on the hip === ဗမာ === တစ်စ..." 7256067 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးထစ်တင် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:tʰɪʔtɪ̀ɴ/}} === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === တခုတရီသော ဝန်ပစ္စည်းကို ခါးထစ်မာ တင်ပနာ သယ်ဆောင်ရေ။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === carry something on the hip === ဗမာ === တစ်စုံတစ်ခုသော ဝန်ပစ္စည်းကို ခါးထစ်၌ တင်၍ သယ်ဆောင်သည်။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] tuuylh4m4p4esggxa2h0tj7acxbpz7l 0 3791752 7256068 2026-07-20T03:32:43Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးပေါ် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:pɔ̀/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === ခတောင်း၊ ခယောက် ဝတ်တေ နီရာ။ ခါး။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === waist === ဗမာ === ပုဆိုး၊ လုံချီ ဝတ်သောနေရာ။ ခါး။ == ကိုးကာ..." 7256068 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးပေါ် === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:pɔ̀/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === ခတောင်း၊ ခယောက် ဝတ်တေ နီရာ။ ခါး။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === waist === ဗမာ === ပုဆိုး၊ လုံချီ ဝတ်သောနေရာ။ ခါး။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] rodjvo8djrw11dxqxjj7ouqc2yjgw7v 0 3791753 7256069 2026-07-20T03:34:25Z Retkhaberi 2609544 Created page with "== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးပေါ်ဒါး === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:pɔ̀dà:/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ခါးမာ ဆောင်ယူရေ ဒါးမြှောင်။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * dagger; dirk; a small dagger or sheathed knife carried at the waist === ဗမာ === * ခါး၌ ဆောင်ယူသေ..." 7256069 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးပေါ်ဒါး === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:pɔ̀dà:/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ခါးမာ ဆောင်ယူရေ ဒါးမြှောင်။ === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * dagger; dirk; a small dagger or sheathed knife carried at the waist === ဗမာ === * ခါး၌ ဆောင်ယူသော ဒါးမြှောင်။ == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] bg6ylmiqlhk3e3332onkb67e23mhfli 7256071 7256069 2026-07-20T03:36:57Z Retkhaberi 2609544 7256071 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == ခါးပေါ်ဒါး === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kʰà:pɔ̀dà:/}} === နာမ် === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}} === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === * ခါးမာ ဆောင်ယူရေ ဒါးမြှောင်။ "ခါးပေါ်ယေရိုးနီ၊ ဖလောင်းဂျီ၊ အသီခုဝယ်၊ ကိုယ့်ရင်ပတ်ကို၊ ထိုးသတ်မည်" (မိုး) === အင်္ဂလိပ် === * dagger; dirk; a small dagger or sheathed knife carried at the waist === ဗမာ === * ခါး၌ ဆောင်ယူသော ဒါးမြှောင်။ "ခါးပေါ်ယေရိုးနီ၊ ဖလောင်းဂျီ၊ အသီခုဝယ်၊ ကိုယ့်ရင်ပတ်ကို၊ ထိုးသတ်မည်" (မိုး) == ကိုးကား == * {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}} [[Category:Wt/rki]] 3dk0noi5e8mh1bpyb1epov6w66vvov2 0 3791754 7256070 2026-07-20T03:36:50Z Tatiana Flores de Constante 2602238 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" |'''TEPUSKWILIN''' ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Neologismo ''Grammatical Category:'' Neologism ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-TimumachtikanNawat-tepuskwilin.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:HŽ 2044 between Turcin and Sveti Ilija.jpg|thumb|250x250px|tepuskwilin]] === Español === Tren Ne tepuskwilin: El tren. === English === train Ne tepuskwilin: T..." 7256070 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" |'''TEPUSKWILIN''' ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Neologismo ''Grammatical Category:'' Neologism ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-TimumachtikanNawat-tepuskwilin.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:HŽ 2044 between Turcin and Sveti Ilija.jpg|thumb|250x250px|tepuskwilin]] === Español === Tren Ne tepuskwilin: El tren. === English === train Ne tepuskwilin: The train. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Neologismo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] bo38y3pe0a5pp27a5y7nxil2igwkuhw 0 3791755 7256072 2026-07-20T03:41:31Z AyotliOcelotl 2693127 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" |'''NAKASKULUT''' ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Botánica ''Grammatical Category:'' Botanical ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Idalia García Vda. de López (Marcelomartinezhn)-nakaskulut.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Caesalpinia coriaria 02.jpg|thumb|250x250px|Nakaskulut]] File:Libidibia coriaria - Divi-divi Tree - Caesalpinia coriaria - WikiSangamot..." 7256072 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" |'''NAKASKULUT''' ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Botánica ''Grammatical Category:'' Botanical ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Idalia García Vda. de López (Marcelomartinezhn)-nakaskulut.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Caesalpinia coriaria 02.jpg|thumb|250x250px|Nakaskulut]] [[File:Libidibia coriaria - Divi-divi Tree - Caesalpinia coriaria - WikiSangamotsavam 2018, Kottappuram, Kodungalloor (10).jpg|thumb|250x250px|Nakaskulut]] === Español === Nacazcol (arbol) Ne nakaskulutː El nacazcol === English === Nacazcol (tree) Ne nakaskulut: The nacazcol. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Botánica]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] ip42byhxy0iqq3lhe9ri1rf5srwwhei 0 3791756 7256073 2026-07-20T03:43:24Z Tatiana Flores de Constante 2602238 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''TEPUSPATANI''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-TimumachtikanNawat-tepuspatani.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Blériot XI Thulin A Mikael Carlson OTT 2013 10 silhouette.jpg|thumb|250px|tepuspatani]] === Español === Avión Ne tepuspatani: El avión. === English === Airpla..." 7256073 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''TEPUSPATANI''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-TimumachtikanNawat-tepuspatani.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Blériot XI Thulin A Mikael Carlson OTT 2013 10 silhouette.jpg|thumb|250px|tepuspatani]] === Español === Avión Ne tepuspatani: El avión. === English === Airplane Ne tepuspatani: The airplane. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Sustantivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] j4k08jllwzp87994sq0lofdhvymgfae 0 3791757 7256074 2026-07-20T03:46:36Z AyotliOcelotl 2693127 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''NAKAT''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Idalia García Vda. de López (Marcelomartinezhn)-nakat.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:FoodMeat.jpg|thumb|250px|Nakat]] === Español === Carne Ne nakatː La carne. === English === Meat Ne nakatː The meat. Category:Wt/ppl/Categ..." 7256074 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''NAKAT''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Idalia García Vda. de López (Marcelomartinezhn)-nakat.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:FoodMeat.jpg|thumb|250px|Nakat]] === Español === Carne Ne nakatː La carne. === English === Meat Ne nakatː The meat. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Sustantivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] drhn4tx9xzi6g5p7hlsgq0cx0l1wtfh 0 3791758 7256075 2026-07-20T03:52:37Z AyotliOcelotl 2693127 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''NAKASTIJTILI''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Adjetivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Adjective ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Idalia García Vda. de López (Marcelomartinezhn)-nakastijtili.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Young kudu with big ears (Kenya).jpg|thumb|250px|Nakastijtili]] === Español === Orejón Lucio nakastijtili: Lucio es orejón. =..." 7256075 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" | '''NAKASTIJTILI''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Adjetivo ''Grammatical Category:'' Adjective ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-Idalia García Vda. de López (Marcelomartinezhn)-nakastijtili.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Young kudu with big ears (Kenya).jpg|thumb|250px|Nakastijtili]] === Español === Orejón Lucio nakastijtili: Lucio es orejón. === English === Big-eared Lucio nakastijtili: Lucio has big ears. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Adjetivo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] 3d6w9s3p97bh2eed5vl0xlyaxwgtl9u 0 3791759 7256076 2026-07-20T03:52:56Z Tatiana Flores de Constante 2602238 Created page with "{| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" |'''TEPUSTACHIALIS''' ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Neologismo ''Grammatical Category:'' Neologism ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-TimumachtikanNawat-tepustachialis.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Televisor 2001.jpg|thumb|250x250px|tepustachialis]] === Español === Televisión Ne tepustachialis: La televisión. === English === Television Ne tepust..." 7256076 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;" |'''TEPUSTACHIALIS''' ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Neologismo ''Grammatical Category:'' Neologism ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-TimumachtikanNawat-tepustachialis.wav|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Televisor 2001.jpg|thumb|250x250px|tepustachialis]] === Español === Televisión Ne tepustachialis: La televisión. === English === Television Ne tepustachialis: The Television. [[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Neologismo]] [[Category:Wt/ppl]] 9jqpvwnd1akd3souu71rt4r80jbdg7h 0 3791760 7256112 2026-07-20T07:08:01Z Tolyatti 2693860 Created page with "{{test wiki | status = tocreate | language = Scots | meta = <!-- is there a request on Meta-Wiki? --> }}" 7256112 wikitext text/x-wiki {{test wiki | status = tocreate | language = Scots | meta = <!-- is there a request on Meta-Wiki? --> }} do001agymjt2rlag2a9xmnkh5iu30kx 0 3791761 7256117 2026-07-20T07:17:09Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=尼竺浑氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Nízhúhún shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[Wt/mnc/nijuhun hala|nijuhun hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/尼竺渾|尼竺渾]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yo..." 7256117 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=尼竺浑氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Nízhúhún shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[Wt/mnc/nijuhun hala|nijuhun hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/尼竺渾|尼竺渾]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|尼]] q5jcqwll3on5zph33lkj62yubnfo14i 0 3791762 7256118 2026-07-20T07:17:30Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=武尔格齐氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Wǔ'ěr géqí shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[urgeci hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[武爾格齊]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei ba..." 7256118 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=武尔格齐氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Wǔ'ěr géqí shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[urgeci hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[武爾格齊]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|武]] nsxe0axusbba0djhjj3dudhkzo4m6ak 7256149 7256118 2026-07-20T07:32:18Z MiiCii 2522943 7256149 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=武尔格齐氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Wǔ'ěr géqí shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[Wt/mnc/urgeci hala|urgeci hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/武爾格齊|武爾格齊]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|武]] an80pgxvcc7xo59py5s0mow7mlyxcfb 0 3791763 7256119 2026-07-20T07:17:31Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=瑚玉鲁氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Húyùlǔ shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[huyuru hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[瑚玉魯]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, h..." 7256119 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=瑚玉鲁氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Húyùlǔ shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[huyuru hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[瑚玉魯]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|瑚]] 4129m49svr11jn0d12hbx7yi34znopc 7256151 7256119 2026-07-20T07:32:19Z MiiCii 2522943 7256151 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=瑚玉鲁氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Húyùlǔ shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[Wt/mnc/huyuru hala|huyuru hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/瑚玉魯|瑚玉魯]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|瑚]] rtm3jdf11aykbxckj8uh4kn8l1xjpl0 0 3791764 7256120 2026-07-20T07:17:32Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=塔穆察氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Tǎmùchá shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[tamca hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[塔穆察]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, h..." 7256120 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=塔穆察氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Tǎmùchá shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[tamca hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[塔穆察]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|塔]] cbpt8r89xdy53zst0jkunn2eoshbvm9 7256155 7256120 2026-07-20T07:32:20Z MiiCii 2522943 7256155 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=塔穆察氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Tǎmùchá shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[Wt/mnc/tamca hala|tamca hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/塔穆察|塔穆察]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|塔]] 14adbt3f8tyd3nyj6zitn9kltikvks0 0 3791765 7256121 2026-07-20T07:17:32Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=和和齐氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Héhéqí shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[hohoci hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[和和齊]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, h..." 7256121 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=和和齐氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Héhéqí shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[hohoci hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[和和齊]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|和]] 4e9kf6zixbdlv9qu87p475ye1qceje2 7256154 7256121 2026-07-20T07:32:19Z MiiCii 2522943 7256154 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=和和齐氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Héhéqí shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[Wt/mnc/hohoci hala|hohoci hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/和和齊|和和齊]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|和]] l3kkkju2jcevcxny6ul9uatp2ut3im6 0 3791766 7256122 2026-07-20T07:17:32Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=夸尔达氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Kuā'ěrdá shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[kūwarda hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[夸爾達]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha..." 7256122 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=夸尔达氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Kuā'ěrdá shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[kūwarda hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[夸爾達]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|夸]] l6mxyx8jk5wo0j084wlgovii8lse9jw 7256159 7256122 2026-07-20T07:32:21Z MiiCii 2522943 7256159 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=夸尔达氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Kuā'ěrdá shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[Wt/mnc/kūwarda hala|kūwarda hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/夸爾達|夸爾達]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|夸]] eugh4x88t6hc81d4q4re27tmxopg12b 0 3791767 7256123 2026-07-20T07:17:33Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=恺颜氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Kǎiyán shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[kaiyan hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[愷顔]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo..." 7256123 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=恺颜氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Kǎiyán shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[kaiyan hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[愷顔]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|愷]] 3xuxp0marm90t5cs9vpnahpsk9qelk0 7256163 7256123 2026-07-20T07:32:21Z MiiCii 2522943 7256163 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=恺颜氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Kǎiyán shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[Wt/mnc/kaiyan hala|kaiyan hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/愷顔|愷顔]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|愷]] pkx0njicurbc2wsfxfvp6tu0z900yiw 0 3791768 7256124 2026-07-20T07:17:33Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=德都勒氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Dédūlè shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[dedure hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[徳都勒]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, h..." 7256124 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=德都勒氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Dédūlè shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[dedure hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[徳都勒]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|徳]] lr0jk6wfflx16mpzeew854lnz4lxu4s 7256161 7256124 2026-07-20T07:32:21Z MiiCii 2522943 7256161 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=德都勒氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Dédūlè shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[Wt/mnc/dedure hala|dedure hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/徳都勒|徳都勒]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|徳]] c24rfwdyc8uupk5rfi45adac8t6cwwk 0 3791769 7256125 2026-07-20T07:17:33Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=珠尔苏氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Zhū'ěrsū shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[jursu hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[珠爾蘇]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, h..." 7256125 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=珠尔苏氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Zhū'ěrsū shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[jursu hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[珠爾蘇]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|珠]] j0ntt7mpisx7iy195gmgggdjk7hbkc2 7256164 7256125 2026-07-20T07:32:22Z MiiCii 2522943 7256164 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=珠尔苏氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Zhū'ěrsū shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[Wt/mnc/jursu hala|jursu hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/珠爾蘇|珠爾蘇]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|珠]] f1a33iumpel5o5l4fhy5l84r8835h2o 0 3791770 7256126 2026-07-20T07:17:33Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=绰克秦氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Chuòkèqín shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[cokcin hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[綽克秦]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha,..." 7256126 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=绰克秦氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Chuòkèqín shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[cokcin hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[綽克秦]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|綽]] bejotwbe55h6kkflkiubw88auw3ijjr 7256166 7256126 2026-07-20T07:32:22Z MiiCii 2522943 7256166 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=绰克秦氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Chuòkèqín shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[Wt/mnc/cokcin hala|cokcin hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/綽克秦|綽克秦]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|綽]] nqh06vnpjjcy4hd46a2o4xs5h0lioyr 0 3791771 7256127 2026-07-20T07:17:34Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=安达拉氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Āndálā shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[andala hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[安達拉]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, h..." 7256127 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=安达拉氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Āndálā shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[andala hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[安達拉]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|安]] bq6kq5cdirrqgzu9p84f6a68j7jcoya 7256173 7256127 2026-07-20T07:32:25Z MiiCii 2522943 7256173 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=安达拉氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Āndálā shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[Wt/mnc/andala hala|andala hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/安達拉|安達拉]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|安]] aqijcvzr07snlr2rkztq9hs22rikotu 0 3791772 7256128 2026-07-20T07:17:34Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=爱浑氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Àihún shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[aihūn hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[愛渾]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo,..." 7256128 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=爱浑氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Àihún shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[aihūn hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[愛渾]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|愛渾]] ece0sng0wrbfutd40ibagjdai6dp8pr 7256169 7256128 2026-07-20T07:32:23Z MiiCii 2522943 7256169 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=爱浑氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Àihún shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[Wt/mnc/aihūn hala|aihūn hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/愛渾|愛渾]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|愛渾]] sgs72o21rq2wov127ibq5zeah1ra8ad 0 3791773 7256129 2026-07-20T07:17:35Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=吴灵阿氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Wúlíng'ā shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[ulingga hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[吳]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng..." 7256129 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=吴灵阿氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Wúlíng'ā shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[ulingga hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[吳]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|吳]] o4mp73gplkb0gbtc16knrpx5iv7ldcm 7256147 7256129 2026-07-20T07:25:11Z MiiCii 2522943 7256147 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=吴灵阿氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Wúlíng'ā shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[Wt/mnc/ulingga hala|ulingga hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/吳靈阿|吳靈阿]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|吳]] hy4ctyipf0wjugc8tlsm8epo0l00t7u 0 3791774 7256130 2026-07-20T07:17:34Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=海拉苏氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Hǎilāsū shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[hailasu hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[海拉蘇]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha,..." 7256130 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=海拉苏氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Hǎilāsū shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[hailasu hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[海拉蘇]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|海]] hwwvr1if1svfzd6wxeo4rnzjhhm0vly 7256171 7256130 2026-07-20T07:32:23Z MiiCii 2522943 7256171 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=海拉苏氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Hǎilāsū shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[Wt/mnc/hailasu hala|hailasu hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/海拉蘇|海拉蘇]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|海]] skemj51ia5pthkqnx7orfso9w632787 0 3791775 7256131 2026-07-20T07:17:35Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=图门氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Túmén shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[tumen hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[圖門]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo,..." 7256131 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=图门氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Túmén shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[tumen hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[圖門]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|圖]] h9y7odxg5x0nm47v0qxt58lg3qtlhrt 7256174 7256131 2026-07-20T07:32:30Z MiiCii 2522943 7256174 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=图门氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Túmén shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[Wt/mnc/tumen hala|tumen hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/圖門|圖門]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|圖]] pq6kdisheprcbhjmljdtk0fc0j0cieh 0 3791776 7256132 2026-07-20T07:17:35Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=勒第氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Lèdì shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[ledai hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[勒第]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, o..." 7256132 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=勒第氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Lèdì shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[ledai hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[勒第]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|勒]] rgi9tgsnsy76tw63i8ge3guvwv9pgba 7256176 7256132 2026-07-20T07:32:30Z MiiCii 2522943 7256176 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=勒第氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Lèdì shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[Wt/mnc/ledai hala|ledai hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/勒第|勒第]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|勒]] 4iopmh6finv7d808iux7ngmdh80lqeg 0 3791777 7256133 2026-07-20T07:17:36Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=克尔德氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Kè'ěrdé shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[kerde hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[克爾徳]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, h..." 7256133 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=克尔德氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Kè'ěrdé shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[kerde hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[克爾徳]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|克]] gwb5c3pvnlcg2grx2wkhza62trfo8kf 7256177 7256133 2026-07-20T07:32:31Z MiiCii 2522943 7256177 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=克尔德氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Kè'ěrdé shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[Wt/mnc/kerde hala|kerde hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/克爾徳|克爾徳]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|克]] q1pshxqwoou0yci214y43tlc9qhy18e 0 3791778 7256134 2026-07-20T07:17:36Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=哲柏氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m= |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[jube hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[哲栢]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese..." 7256134 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=哲柏氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m= |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[jube hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[哲栢]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|哲]] fiecg4m4zx210vyjmf81as5xwnl06r0 7256148 7256134 2026-07-20T07:31:03Z MiiCii 2522943 7256148 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=哲柏氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m= |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[Wt/mnc/jebe hala|jebe hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/哲栢|哲栢]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|哲]] asxe5wq2i5822bfr3dmujbse0yt4yr8 0 3791779 7256135 2026-07-20T07:17:36Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=图普苏氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Túpǔsū shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # <!--absi manjurame arara be kemuni toktobure unde--> === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[圖普蘇]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongki..." 7256135 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=图普苏氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Túpǔsū shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # <!--absi manjurame arara be kemuni toktobure unde--> === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[圖普蘇]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|圖]] 3jm2erq4iqm4z0as29lik4hiq8mdvyi 7256182 7256135 2026-07-20T07:32:37Z MiiCii 2522943 7256182 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=图普苏氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Túpǔsū shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # <!--absi manjurame arara be kemuni toktobure unde--> === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/圖普蘇|圖普蘇]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|圖]] g75tmb321xpnbuipkh9i4m966wik0z3 0 3791780 7256136 2026-07-20T07:17:37Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=格格氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Gégé shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[gege hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[格格]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, or..." 7256136 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=格格氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Gégé shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[gege hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[格格]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|格]] 95c8i4atoc8coswj7ddux5kzg7o2pfi 7256187 7256136 2026-07-20T07:32:39Z MiiCii 2522943 7256187 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=格格氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Gégé shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[Wt/mnc/gege hala|gege hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/格格|格格]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|格]] 2paniwym7kdpy34qz9np3bl7cr2mdsh 0 3791781 7256137 2026-07-20T07:17:37Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=托尔佳氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Tuō'ěrjiā shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[tolgiya hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[托爾佳]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha..." 7256137 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=托尔佳氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Tuō'ěrjiā shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[tolgiya hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[托爾佳]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|托]] rhyd0qhbhe71kug18l1pf161c3k68ot 7256184 7256137 2026-07-20T07:32:38Z MiiCii 2522943 7256184 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=托尔佳氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Tuō'ěrjiā shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[Wt/mnc/tolgiya hala|tolgiya hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/托爾佳|托爾佳]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|托]] mxvyhwoiwluscotl2v270gu5508m2lu 0 3791782 7256138 2026-07-20T07:17:37Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=韩扎氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Hánzhā shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[hanja hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[韓扎]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo,..." 7256138 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=韩扎氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Hánzhā shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[hanja hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[韓扎]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|韓]] hpsp444uqm25j8n0zmue119fd7xdmbv 7256185 7256138 2026-07-20T07:32:39Z MiiCii 2522943 7256185 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=韩扎氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Hánzhā shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[Wt/mnc/hanja hala|hanja hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/韓扎|韓扎]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|韓]] 9714em7o8efc5sbe62kyq3zjgqpeour 0 3791783 7256139 2026-07-20T07:17:38Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=穆察氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Mùchá shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[muca hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[穆察]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, o..." 7256139 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=穆察氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Mùchá shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[muca hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[穆察]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|穆]] b2kfcwo8rfjmrns79fgt2qwqpkfdly4 7256201 7256139 2026-07-20T07:32:46Z MiiCii 2522943 7256201 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=穆察氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Mùchá shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[Wt/mnc/muca hala|muca hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/穆察|穆察]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|穆]] a9p7plyp1m3xru392nj23edaooddr8w 0 3791784 7256140 2026-07-20T07:17:38Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=褚库尔氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Chǔkù'ěr shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[cukul hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[褚庫爾]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, h..." 7256140 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=褚库尔氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Chǔkù'ěr shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[cukul hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[褚庫爾]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|褚]] 8i2nxi4fwzsyzn9zsa3krfh4zjpbofx 7256191 7256140 2026-07-20T07:32:43Z MiiCii 2522943 7256191 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=褚库尔氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Chǔkù'ěr shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[Wt/mnc/cukul hala|cukul hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/褚庫爾|褚庫爾]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|褚]] 4euwp8d8q15bo9fx57bhsi2u0l2u24w 0 3791785 7256141 2026-07-20T07:17:38Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=多罗氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Duōluó shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[doro hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[多羅]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo,..." 7256141 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=多罗氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Duōluó shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[doro hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[多羅]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|多]] s0hm875ua4cnfxg12okigptqo1joc08 7256200 7256141 2026-07-20T07:32:46Z MiiCii 2522943 7256200 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=多罗氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Duōluó shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[Wt/mnc/doro hala|doro hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/多羅|多羅]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|多]] gjlowpydgwwle253liz5e73iygp0reu 0 3791786 7256142 2026-07-20T07:17:39Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=武聂氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Wǔniè shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[uniye hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[武聶]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo,..." 7256142 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=武聂氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Wǔniè shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[uniye hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[武聶]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|武]] h4777yc1jgcth95koyknh4j2zig16al 7256193 7256142 2026-07-20T07:32:43Z MiiCii 2522943 7256193 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=武聂氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Wǔniè shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[Wt/mnc/uniye hala|uniye hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/武聶|武聶]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|武]] icamh85vwu0hqedswxd8e7o4xcstdy4 0 3791787 7256143 2026-07-20T07:17:39Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=郭尔本氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Guō'ěrběn shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[golben hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[郭爾本]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha,..." 7256143 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=郭尔本氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Guō'ěrběn shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[golben hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[郭爾本]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|郭]] bq6omhvuav1i82t662kuxcnze53p4hr 7256194 7256143 2026-07-20T07:32:44Z MiiCii 2522943 7256194 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=郭尔本氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Guō'ěrběn shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[Wt/mnc/golben hala|golben hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/郭爾本|郭爾本]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|郭]] qtregz9fjdagd3g7nolm42ziq6japin 0 3791788 7256144 2026-07-20T07:17:40Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=图克敦氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Túkèdūn shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[tukdun hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[圖克敦]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, h..." 7256144 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=图克敦氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Túkèdūn shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[tukdun hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[圖克敦]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|圖]] 8lr590rcs06x126wmd6tgo3h0i07ubk 7256196 7256144 2026-07-20T07:32:45Z MiiCii 2522943 7256196 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=图克敦氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Túkèdūn shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[Wt/mnc/tukdun hala|tukdun hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/圖克敦|圖克敦]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|圖]] rodayn7kn4zne405ywh14na58y3dwxg 0 3791789 7256145 2026-07-20T07:17:40Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=叶库里氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Yèkùlǐ shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[yekuri hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[葉庫理]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, h..." 7256145 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=叶库里氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Yèkùlǐ shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[yekuri hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[葉庫理]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|葉]] 4t3mtu64itbpd5zwo6hm3x82pq2c0bm 7256199 7256145 2026-07-20T07:32:45Z MiiCii 2522943 7256199 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=叶库里氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Yèkùlǐ shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[Wt/mnc/yekuri hala|yekuri hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/葉庫理|葉庫理]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|葉]] qhrg2zz0qjnbgigcog4wc339nqf7b3h 0 3791790 7256146 2026-07-20T07:17:40Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=哲理氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Zhélǐ shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[jeri hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[哲理]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, o..." 7256146 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=哲理氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Zhélǐ shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[jeri hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[哲理]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|哲]] n9dev8gmeh01m1xzw5dr48ufhya0uyr 7256202 7256146 2026-07-20T07:32:46Z MiiCii 2522943 7256202 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=哲理氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Zhélǐ shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[Wt/mnc/jeri hala|jeri hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/哲理|哲理]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|哲]] aqlyszekzx1e8e86o9jercpfr1pidmm 0 3791791 7256150 2026-07-20T07:32:19Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=武尔格齐}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Wǔ'ěr géqí |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[urgeci]], [[Wt/mnc/urgeci hala|urgeci hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[武爾格齊氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzun..." 7256150 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=武尔格齐}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Wǔ'ěr géqí |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[urgeci]], [[Wt/mnc/urgeci hala|urgeci hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[武爾格齊氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|武]] hr6wmt12cdyf7o8ywu80mpg8rvrnrnw 0 3791792 7256152 2026-07-20T07:32:19Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=瑚玉鲁}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Húyùlǔ |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[huyuru]], [[Wt/mnc/huyuru hala|huyuru hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[瑚玉魯氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyan..." 7256152 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=瑚玉鲁}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Húyùlǔ |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[huyuru]], [[Wt/mnc/huyuru hala|huyuru hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[瑚玉魯氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|瑚]] 983aoollxs3tch49yq0oize8pb3iiyk 0 3791793 7256153 2026-07-20T07:32:20Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=尼竺浑}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Nízhúhún |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[nijuhun]], [[Wt/mnc/nijuhun hala|nijuhun hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[尼竺渾氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yong..." 7256153 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=尼竺浑}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Nízhúhún |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[nijuhun]], [[Wt/mnc/nijuhun hala|nijuhun hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[尼竺渾氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|尼]] rvb7c8djk6pc7fdgg9t60ceyrw4oxvx 0 3791794 7256156 2026-07-20T07:32:20Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=和和齐}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Héhéqí |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[hohoci]], [[Wt/mnc/hohoci hala|hohoci hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[和和齊氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyan..." 7256156 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=和和齐}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Héhéqí |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[hohoci]], [[Wt/mnc/hohoci hala|hohoci hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[和和齊氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|和]] tgl95ghx0ugko7j41neux8x3923vaqm 0 3791795 7256157 2026-07-20T07:32:20Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=塔穆察}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Tǎmùchá |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[tamca]], [[Wt/mnc/tamca hala|tamca hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[塔穆察氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangg..." 7256157 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=塔穆察}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Tǎmùchá |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[tamca]], [[Wt/mnc/tamca hala|tamca hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[塔穆察氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|塔]] irmclcp307f0v8r3mharzgqbthgsdjj 0 3791796 7256158 2026-07-20T07:32:21Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=夸尔达}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Kuā'ěrdá |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[kūwarda]], [[Wt/mnc/kūwarda hala|kūwarda hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[夸爾達氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung y..." 7256158 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=夸尔达}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Kuā'ěrdá |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[kūwarda]], [[Wt/mnc/kūwarda hala|kūwarda hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[夸爾達氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|夸]] 1tge9pmxfxxfydxw1eqck77grz2mp84 0 3791797 7256160 2026-07-20T07:32:21Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=德都勒}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Dédūlè |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[dedure]], [[Wt/mnc/dedure hala|dedure hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[徳都勒氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyan..." 7256160 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=德都勒}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Dédūlè |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[dedure]], [[Wt/mnc/dedure hala|dedure hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[徳都勒氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|徳]] 7fi6la12a9ni1j8o3vnk2l7diznq7rz 0 3791798 7256162 2026-07-20T07:32:21Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=恺颜}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Kǎiyán |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[kaiyan]], [[Wt/mnc/kaiyan hala|kaiyan hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[愷顔氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hū..." 7256162 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=恺颜}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Kǎiyán |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[kaiyan]], [[Wt/mnc/kaiyan hala|kaiyan hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[愷顔氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|愷]] nzvras7q96j6avqjrsxy488ekapsqbg 0 3791799 7256165 2026-07-20T07:32:22Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=珠尔苏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Zhū'ěrsū |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[jursu]], [[Wt/mnc/jursu hala|jursu hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[珠爾蘇氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyang..." 7256165 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=珠尔苏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Zhū'ěrsū |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[jursu]], [[Wt/mnc/jursu hala|jursu hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[珠爾蘇氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|珠]] n6s69g55e9oj7kckjbm54pcso31syid 0 3791800 7256167 2026-07-20T07:32:23Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=安达拉}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Āndálā |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[andala]], [[Wt/mnc/andala hala|andala hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[安達拉氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyan..." 7256167 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=安达拉}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Āndálā |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[andala]], [[Wt/mnc/andala hala|andala hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[安達拉氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|安]] hvib5invrsfvmqbrjakpowpdk6ymu29 0 3791801 7256168 2026-07-20T07:32:22Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=绰克秦}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Chuòkèqín |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[cokcin]], [[Wt/mnc/cokcin hala|cokcin hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[綽克秦氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongki..." 7256168 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=绰克秦}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Chuòkèqín |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[cokcin]], [[Wt/mnc/cokcin hala|cokcin hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[綽克秦氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|綽]] c3loh1zvfauzze2nxicc2px1o7z5uq2 0 3791802 7256170 2026-07-20T07:32:23Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=海拉苏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Hǎilāsū |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[hailasu]], [[Wt/mnc/hailasu hala|hailasu hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[海拉蘇氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongk..." 7256170 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=海拉苏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Hǎilāsū |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[hailasu]], [[Wt/mnc/hailasu hala|hailasu hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[海拉蘇氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|海]] mpl4sh6yjmw1x4fsfx85qpwzlk04up9 0 3791803 7256172 2026-07-20T07:32:24Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=爱浑}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Àihún |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[aihūn]], [[Wt/mnc/aihūn hala|aihūn hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[愛渾氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūw..." 7256172 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=爱浑}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Àihún |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[aihūn]], [[Wt/mnc/aihūn hala|aihūn hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[愛渾氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|愛渾]] bb10e7vhvv0l1976f4p5qvqgcq2e1ij 0 3791804 7256175 2026-07-20T07:32:30Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=图门}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Túmén |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[tumen]], [[Wt/mnc/tumen hala|tumen hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[圖門氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwang..." 7256175 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=图门}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Túmén |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[tumen]], [[Wt/mnc/tumen hala|tumen hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[圖門氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|圖]] kdjhwb2xgotkzlvii10c0uikvw6j2dy 0 3791805 7256178 2026-07-20T07:32:32Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=克尔德}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Kè'ěrdé |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[kerde]], [[Wt/mnc/kerde hala|kerde hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[克爾徳氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangg..." 7256178 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=克尔德}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Kè'ěrdé |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[kerde]], [[Wt/mnc/kerde hala|kerde hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[克爾徳氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|克]] dzjx8bvdnkki5t8him8j98wuzapp6qr 0 3791806 7256179 2026-07-20T07:32:33Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=勒第}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Lèdì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[ledai]], [[Wt/mnc/ledai hala|ledai hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[勒第氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangd..." 7256179 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=勒第}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Lèdì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[ledai]], [[Wt/mnc/ledai hala|ledai hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[勒第氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|勒]] c77ebst78g0729qnp5mwn4ii83pwee8 0 3791807 7256180 2026-07-20T07:32:34Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=吴灵阿}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Wúlíng'ā |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[ulingga]], [[Wt/mnc/ulingga hala|ulingga hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[吳靈阿氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yong..." 7256180 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=吴灵阿}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Wúlíng'ā |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[ulingga]], [[Wt/mnc/ulingga hala|ulingga hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[吳靈阿氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|吳]] rx3xxc0sskt7n3v7ecvmifk2hgguhdn 0 3791808 7256181 2026-07-20T07:32:36Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=哲柏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m= |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[jebe]], [[Wt/mnc/jebe hala|jebe hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[哲栢氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei b..." 7256181 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=哲柏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m= |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[jebe]], [[Wt/mnc/jebe hala|jebe hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[哲栢氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|哲]] f84te4it3wc2j693zm6pxb5zpnls1s6 0 3791809 7256183 2026-07-20T07:32:37Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=图普苏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Túpǔsū |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) <!--absi manjurame arara be kemuni toktobure unde--> === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[圖普蘇氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yong..." 7256183 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=图普苏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Túpǔsū |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) <!--absi manjurame arara be kemuni toktobure unde--> === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[圖普蘇氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|圖]] mfh3iuuu535rdls5utixhl3l3nytlse 0 3791810 7256186 2026-07-20T07:32:39Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=格格}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Gégé |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[gege]], [[Wt/mnc/gege hala|gege hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[格格氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi h..." 7256186 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=格格}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Gégé |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[gege]], [[Wt/mnc/gege hala|gege hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[格格氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|格]] nm97ltz0nsfxdziosp4kqx8ylk9pa6d 0 3791811 7256188 2026-07-20T07:32:41Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=托尔佳}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Tuō'ěrjiā |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[tolgiya]], [[Wt/mnc/tolgiya hala|tolgiya hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[托爾佳氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yon..." 7256188 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=托尔佳}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Tuō'ěrjiā |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[tolgiya]], [[Wt/mnc/tolgiya hala|tolgiya hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[托爾佳氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|托]] 4tlqio553lqwpw25adifcqo2zpbu9hw 0 3791812 7256189 2026-07-20T07:32:41Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=韩扎}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Hánzhā |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[hanja]], [[Wt/mnc/hanja hala|hanja hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[韓扎氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwan..." 7256189 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=韩扎}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Hánzhā |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[hanja]], [[Wt/mnc/hanja hala|hanja hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[韓扎氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|韓]] 2gz288nsbo9chhzlg53orczxhb45qxb 0 3791813 7256190 2026-07-20T07:32:42Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=多罗}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Duōluó |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[doro]], [[Wt/mnc/doro hala|doro hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[多羅氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi..." 7256190 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=多罗}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Duōluó |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[doro]], [[Wt/mnc/doro hala|doro hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[多羅氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|多]] 7rir8p393gibzdvkn9kdhlk6tn2wcsu 0 3791814 7256192 2026-07-20T07:32:43Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=褚库尔}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Chǔkù'ěr |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[cukul]], [[Wt/mnc/cukul hala|cukul hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[褚庫爾氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyang..." 7256192 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=褚库尔}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Chǔkù'ěr |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[cukul]], [[Wt/mnc/cukul hala|cukul hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[褚庫爾氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|褚]] a8s2efp7bhjv45o02iy1vzgqbh3f9wb 0 3791815 7256195 2026-07-20T07:32:45Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=郭尔本}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Guō'ěrběn |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[golben]], [[Wt/mnc/golben hala|golben hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[郭爾本氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongki..." 7256195 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=郭尔本}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Guō'ěrběn |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[golben]], [[Wt/mnc/golben hala|golben hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[郭爾本氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|郭]] o1ev6f3zsujh7afrg8quzpo6wci5cjr 0 3791816 7256197 2026-07-20T07:32:45Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=图克敦}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Túkèdūn |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[Wt/mnc/tukdun|tukdun]], [[Wt/mnc/tukdun hala|tukdun hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/圖克敦氏|圖克敦氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * d..." 7256197 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=图克敦}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Túkèdūn |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[Wt/mnc/tukdun|tukdun]], [[Wt/mnc/tukdun hala|tukdun hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/圖克敦氏|圖克敦氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|圖]] ginvv1yhfjnry4sxg30ea9wvni80bs5 0 3791817 7256198 2026-07-20T07:32:46Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=穆察}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Mùchá |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[muca]], [[Wt/mnc/muca hala|muca hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[穆察氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi..." 7256198 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=穆察}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Mùchá |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[muca]], [[Wt/mnc/muca hala|muca hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[穆察氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|穆]] szlj0n6m5puj20h5nstghx69t9be3hl 0 3791818 7256203 2026-07-20T07:32:46Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=哲理}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Zhélǐ |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[jeri]], [[Wt/mnc/jeri hala|jeri hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[哲理氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi..." 7256203 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=哲理}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Zhélǐ |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[jeri]], [[Wt/mnc/jeri hala|jeri hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[哲理氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|哲]] 8egd03xr5aa4egr3a0p8n4ll2xak5q7 0 3791819 7256204 2026-07-20T07:32:47Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=叶库里}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Yèkùlǐ |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[yekuri]], [[Wt/mnc/yekuri hala|yekuri hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[葉庫理氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyan..." 7256204 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=叶库里}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Yèkùlǐ |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[yekuri]], [[Wt/mnc/yekuri hala|yekuri hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[葉庫理氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|葉]] cj1w3vephuf3te574ajj02br2wl8j58 0 3791820 7256205 2026-07-20T07:32:48Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=武聂}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Wǔniè |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[uniye]], [[Wt/mnc/uniye hala|uniye hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[武聶氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwang..." 7256205 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=武聂}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Wǔniè |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[uniye]], [[Wt/mnc/uniye hala|uniye hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[武聶氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|武]] cfk7gkduqkwjwzynio7zolv0tqjo7nf 0 3791821 7256206 2026-07-20T07:46:11Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=唐达氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Tángdá shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[tangda hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[唐達]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo..." 7256206 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=唐达氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Tángdá shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[tangda hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[唐達]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|唐]] jl12j0e5rq0mia5d974bypc1ox3okwk 7256224 7256206 2026-07-20T07:55:12Z MiiCii 2522943 7256224 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=唐达氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Tángdá shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[Wt/mnc/tangda hala|tangda hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/唐達|唐達]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|唐]] rv4f4y6b87zxyjzyanuv3d82sil9673 0 3791822 7256207 2026-07-20T07:46:11Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=卓克佳氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Zhuókèjiā shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[jokgiya hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[卓克佳]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha..." 7256207 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=卓克佳氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Zhuókèjiā shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[jokgiya hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[卓克佳]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|卓克佳]] 4pzus2rq5ed5m1tbc2fkeppf722mleb 7256226 7256207 2026-07-20T07:55:12Z MiiCii 2522943 7256226 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=卓克佳氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Zhuókèjiā shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[Wt/mnc/jokgiya hala|jokgiya hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/卓克佳|卓克佳]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|卓]] iqvxmv2ibn4x5p2rueiupma0yct9e2u 0 3791823 7256208 2026-07-20T07:46:12Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=墨尔齐氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Mò'ěrqí shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[melci hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[墨爾齊]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, h..." 7256208 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=墨尔齐氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Mò'ěrqí shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[melci hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[墨爾齊]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|墨]] 9gccys26b3v12i3tqhwyuo0ujmaf5gl 7256231 7256208 2026-07-20T07:55:13Z MiiCii 2522943 7256231 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=墨尔齐氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Mò'ěrqí shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[Wt/mnc/melci hala|melci hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/墨爾齊|墨爾齊]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|墨]] mrg5bd6e3yyp0xk5mwpc1ltltj3a80u 0 3791824 7256209 2026-07-20T07:46:12Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=瓦理氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Wǎlǐ shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[wari hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[瓦理]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, or..." 7256209 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=瓦理氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Wǎlǐ shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[wari hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[瓦理]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|瓦]] 6pvkn5d5664oa1b9obmmphmg4r4qxed 7256232 7256209 2026-07-20T07:55:13Z MiiCii 2522943 7256232 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=瓦理氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Wǎlǐ shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[Wt/mnc/wari hala|wari hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/瓦理|瓦理]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|瓦]] jwfft5qhn4wxk39flwakd7hamsps1q3 0 3791825 7256210 2026-07-20T07:46:12Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=蔡佳氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Càijiā shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[ts'aigiya hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[蔡佳]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng..." 7256210 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=蔡佳氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Càijiā shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[ts'aigiya hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[蔡佳]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|蔡]] 5410qrd3lezv65bxfleyh2m0hek2mre 7256235 7256210 2026-07-20T07:55:14Z MiiCii 2522943 7256235 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=蔡佳氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Càijiā shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[Wt/mnc/ts'aigiya hala|ts'aigiya hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/蔡佳|蔡佳]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|蔡]] nh7uzka8o4x3ucq25e2u7k9jzu9lbtj 0 3791826 7256211 2026-07-20T07:46:12Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=崇果鲁氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Chóngguǒlǔ shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[conggoru hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[崇果魯]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibu..." 7256211 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=崇果鲁氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Chóngguǒlǔ shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[conggoru hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[崇果魯]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|崇]] o98zznnl65s5g0ntsw7tysibw9und0g 7256227 7256211 2026-07-20T07:55:12Z MiiCii 2522943 7256227 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=崇果鲁氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Chóngguǒlǔ shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[Wt/mnc/conggoru hala|conggoru hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/崇果魯|崇果魯]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|崇]] ar6k6tvbbn8tdkp8p512lt4nju7u4d2 0 3791827 7256212 2026-07-20T07:46:12Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=富尔库鲁氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Fù'ěrkùlǔ shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[fulkuru hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[富爾庫魯]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei ba..." 7256212 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=富尔库鲁氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Fù'ěrkùlǔ shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[fulkuru hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[富爾庫魯]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|富]] 4srczkdq7grdcy59d3fr20d5nsghefq 7256239 7256212 2026-07-20T07:55:15Z MiiCii 2522943 7256239 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=富尔库鲁氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Fù'ěrkùlǔ shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[Wt/mnc/fulkuru hala|fulkuru hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/富爾庫魯|富爾庫魯]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|富]] acwnpdyhmg77phrnwmq36lpqudchhnb 0 3791828 7256213 2026-07-20T07:46:12Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=克叶勒氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Kèyèlè shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[keyere hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[克葉勒]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, h..." 7256213 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=克叶勒氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Kèyèlè shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[keyere hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[克葉勒]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|克]] 96el7uacw3rp7l5o4yuhuwufkzy8794 7256237 7256213 2026-07-20T07:55:14Z MiiCii 2522943 7256237 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=克叶勒氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Kèyèlè shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[Wt/mnc/keyere hala|keyere hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/克葉勒|克葉勒]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|克]] 959zi7nmdkfn3ez5uuxi2xfipy4cgkk 0 3791829 7256214 2026-07-20T07:46:13Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=万旒哈氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Wànliúhā shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[wanlioha hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[萬旒哈]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha..." 7256214 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=万旒哈氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Wànliúhā shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[wanlioha hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[萬旒哈]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|萬]] ecw0umzbmvfdh5b1ucp3pzvwaz02de4 7256238 7256214 2026-07-20T07:55:15Z MiiCii 2522943 7256238 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=万旒哈氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Wànliúhā shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[Wt/mnc/wanlioha hala|wanlioha hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/萬旒哈|萬旒哈]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|萬]] 7d1cgt1o9xw5cjry4tmn10kycpbc7fd 0 3791830 7256215 2026-07-20T07:46:13Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=穆燕氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Mùyàn shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[muyan hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[穆燕]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo,..." 7256215 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=穆燕氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Mùyàn shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[muyan hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[穆燕]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|穆]] d35nckbak0exsqzmutqce6te9nevsh2 7256244 7256215 2026-07-20T07:55:15Z MiiCii 2522943 7256244 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=穆燕氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Mùyàn shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[Wt/mnc/muyan hala|muyan hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/穆燕|穆燕]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|穆]] hw4f5pbp68llm28mgawr99liasyoa22 0 3791831 7256216 2026-07-20T07:46:13Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=拜格氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Bàigé shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[baige hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[拜格]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo,..." 7256216 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=拜格氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Bàigé shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[baige hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[拜格]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|拜]] fuxxg5lu2y1lpygnplmfn28966imr95 7256246 7256216 2026-07-20T07:55:16Z MiiCii 2522943 7256246 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=拜格氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Bàigé shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[Wt/mnc/baige hala|baige hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/拜格|拜格]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|拜]] b5qzr024p0g6hou34zo2wtv0cek9bqc 0 3791832 7256217 2026-07-20T07:46:14Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=穆和林氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Mùhélín shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[muheliyen hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[穆和林]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha..." 7256217 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=穆和林氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Mùhélín shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[muheliyen hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[穆和林]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|穆]] amuen0ccnrw5hz8lw6ybupl10s94obe 7256250 7256217 2026-07-20T07:55:17Z MiiCii 2522943 7256250 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=穆和林氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Mùhélín shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[Wt/mnc/muheliyen hala|muheliyen hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/穆和林|穆和林]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|穆]] ogvbm1kurmosqvbce6bub9bpqu453qi 0 3791833 7256218 2026-07-20T07:46:15Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=赛音萨尔图氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Sàiyīn Sà'ěrtú shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[sain sartu hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[賽音薩爾圖]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hū..." 7256218 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=赛音萨尔图氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Sàiyīn Sà'ěrtú shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[sain sartu hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[賽音薩爾圖]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|賽]] 0n481b216293a13cpydrmwhwbrbcry2 7256248 7256218 2026-07-20T07:55:16Z MiiCii 2522943 7256248 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=赛音萨尔图氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Sàiyīn Sà'ěrtú shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[Wt/mnc/sain sartu hala|sain sartu hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/賽音薩爾圖|賽音薩爾圖]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|賽]] rg7po29k8kzto8pndqjs8xwxlzn5yep 0 3791834 7256219 2026-07-20T07:46:15Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=都善氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Dūshàn shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[dušan hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[都善]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo..." 7256219 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=都善氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Dūshàn shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[dušan hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[都善]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|都]] fy26nfygo7hzsslxrtlvr2ot2h15te9 7256243 7256219 2026-07-20T07:55:15Z MiiCii 2522943 7256243 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=都善氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Dūshàn shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[Wt/mnc/dušan hala|dušan hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/都善|都善]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|都]] 0sv17iy93zaxq42k0u9becl2qht2tar 0 3791835 7256220 2026-07-20T07:46:15Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=阿图拉墨氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Ātúlāmò shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # <!--absi manjurame arara be toktobure unde--> === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[阿圖拉墨]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongk..." 7256220 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=阿图拉墨氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Ātúlāmò shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # <!--absi manjurame arara be toktobure unde--> === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[阿圖拉墨]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|阿]] celmo8pk04allgatadbxx16w56k4l82 7256251 7256220 2026-07-20T07:55:16Z MiiCii 2522943 7256251 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=阿图拉墨氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Ātúlāmò shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # <!--absi manjurame arara be toktobure unde--> === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/阿圖拉墨|阿圖拉墨]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|阿]] 71z7j79bn3efwidi3zt3o6qnjrv1w7q 0 3791836 7256221 2026-07-20T07:46:17Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=组佳氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Zǔjiā shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[dzugiya hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[組佳]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo..." 7256221 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=组佳氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Zǔjiā shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[dzugiya hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[組佳]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|組]] 33ye74j97tv0n73gv2fufyjxc9ufsol 7256223 7256221 2026-07-20T07:55:12Z MiiCii 2522943 7256223 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=组佳氏}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Zǔjiā shì |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # [[Wt/mnc/dzugiya hala|dzugiya hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[Wt/mnc/組佳|組佳]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|組]] 44xjsut5kzae1nlyf62w6uswja52no8 0 3791837 7256222 2026-07-20T07:55:12Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=组佳}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Zǔjiā |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[dzugiya]], [[Wt/mnc/dzugiya hala|dzugiya hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[組佳氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga h..." 7256222 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=组佳}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Zǔjiā |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[dzugiya]], [[Wt/mnc/dzugiya hala|dzugiya hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[組佳氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|組]] 6y8789rltrcbh6gxz1vmdg3t2elk18q 0 3791838 7256225 2026-07-20T07:55:12Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=唐达}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Tángdá |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[tangda]], [[Wt/mnc/tangda hala|tangda hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[唐達氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hū..." 7256225 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=唐达}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Tángdá |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[tangda]], [[Wt/mnc/tangda hala|tangda hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[唐達氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|唐]] h0imdpx02efywvigh4nol7t2elujc10 0 3791839 7256228 2026-07-20T07:55:12Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=卓克佳}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Zhuókèjiā |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[jokgiya]], [[Wt/mnc/jokgiya hala|jokgiya hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[卓克佳氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yon..." 7256228 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=卓克佳}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Zhuókèjiā |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[jokgiya]], [[Wt/mnc/jokgiya hala|jokgiya hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[卓克佳氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|卓]] cdw4e1geb9uh6rnix7a02taswwy3lyj 0 3791840 7256229 2026-07-20T07:55:13Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=崇果鲁}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Chóngguǒlǔ |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[congguru]], [[Wt/mnc/conggoru hala|conggoru hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[崇果魯氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung..." 7256229 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=崇果鲁}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Chóngguǒlǔ |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[congguru]], [[Wt/mnc/conggoru hala|conggoru hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[崇果魯氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|崇]] blne0n546z9jnb5qup3wwiz45x7rl1w 0 3791841 7256230 2026-07-20T07:55:13Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=墨尔齐}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Mò'ěrqí |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[melci]], [[Wt/mnc/melci hala|melci hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[墨爾齊氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangg..." 7256230 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=墨尔齐}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Mò'ěrqí |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[melci]], [[Wt/mnc/melci hala|melci hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[墨爾齊氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|墨]] gr563gbi7uk9sxfvrimeenwgy4f54t2 0 3791842 7256233 2026-07-20T07:55:14Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=瓦理}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Wǎlǐ |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[wari]], [[Wt/mnc/wari hala|wari hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[瓦理氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi h..." 7256233 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=瓦理}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Wǎlǐ |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[wari]], [[Wt/mnc/wari hala|wari hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[瓦理氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|瓦]] mrv6jkir7ccow4fx8dr84lpq6zz5ssa 0 3791843 7256234 2026-07-20T07:55:14Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=蔡佳}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Càijiā |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[ts'aigiya]], [[Wt/mnc/ts'aigiya hala|ts'aigiya hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[蔡佳氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiy..." 7256234 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=蔡佳}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Càijiā |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[ts'aigiya]], [[Wt/mnc/ts'aigiya hala|ts'aigiya hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[蔡佳氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|蔡]] lumphunxdfcpledlz9dj3f5pe31y4cl 0 3791844 7256236 2026-07-20T07:55:14Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=克叶勒}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Kèyèlè |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[keyere]], [[Wt/mnc/keyere hala|keyere hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[克葉勒氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyan..." 7256236 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=克叶勒}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Kèyèlè |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[keyere]], [[Wt/mnc/keyere hala|keyere hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[克葉勒氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|克]] 60powsq9djdj17ciazh5b3rifln4x0s 0 3791845 7256240 2026-07-20T07:55:15Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=万旒哈}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Wànliúhā |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[wanlioha]], [[Wt/mnc/wanlioha hala|wanlioha hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[萬旒哈氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung y..." 7256240 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=万旒哈}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Wànliúhā |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[wanlioha]], [[Wt/mnc/wanlioha hala|wanlioha hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[萬旒哈氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|萬]] kylpdk0irytty7fzkchn9e00vzo51kh 0 3791846 7256241 2026-07-20T07:55:15Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=富尔库鲁}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Fù'ěrkùlǔ |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[fulkuru]], [[Wt/mnc/fulkuru hala|fulkuru hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[富爾庫魯氏f]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aod..." 7256241 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=富尔库鲁}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Fù'ěrkùlǔ |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[fulkuru]], [[Wt/mnc/fulkuru hala|fulkuru hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[富爾庫魯氏f]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|富]] 0tt3g924erpbg8ssr6cltx26dz64ux8 0 3791847 7256242 2026-07-20T07:55:15Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=穆燕}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Mùyàn |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[muyan]], [[Wt/mnc/muyan hala|muyan hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[穆燕氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwang..." 7256242 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=穆燕}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Mùyàn |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[muyan]], [[Wt/mnc/muyan hala|muyan hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[穆燕氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|穆]] kmkzxgni8r42aa61g8m9oqs2x3qwhg1 0 3791848 7256245 2026-07-20T07:55:16Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=都善}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Dūshàn |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[dušan]], [[Wt/mnc/dušan hala|dušan hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[都善氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hū..." 7256245 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=都善}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Dūshàn |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[dušan]], [[Wt/mnc/dušan hala|dušan hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[都善氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|都]] 4pnh9ordqd4xkkjhhe3mzn52mtcqluj 0 3791849 7256247 2026-07-20T07:55:16Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=拜格}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Bàigé |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[baige]], [[Wt/mnc/baige hala|baige hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[拜格氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwang..." 7256247 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=拜格}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Bàigé |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[baige]], [[Wt/mnc/baige hala|baige hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[拜格氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|拜]] iic66qsow5ci07n3ra8e43o40tuxhb7 0 3791850 7256249 2026-07-20T07:55:16Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=阿图拉墨}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Ātúlāmò |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala)<!--absi manjurame arara be toktobure unde--> === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[阿圖拉墨氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yong..." 7256249 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=阿图拉墨}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Ātúlāmò |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala)<!--absi manjurame arara be toktobure unde--> === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[阿圖拉墨氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|阿]] hf8eirhykcni6etaqa6j9wqrtyzpl36 0 3791851 7256252 2026-07-20T07:55:17Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=赛音萨尔图}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Sàiyīn Sà'ěrtú |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[sain sartu]], [[Wt/mnc/sain sartu hala|sain sartu hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[賽音薩爾圖氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * da..." 7256252 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=赛音萨尔图}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Sàiyīn Sà'ěrtú |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[sain sartu]], [[Wt/mnc/sain sartu hala|sain sartu hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[賽音薩爾圖氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|賽]] n979jf7too5a0ocm25htyhgy2e4pyhh 0 3791852 7256253 2026-07-20T07:55:17Z MiiCii 2522943 Created page with "=={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=穆和林}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Mùhélín |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[muheliyen]], [[Wt/mnc/muheliyen hala|muheliyen hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[穆和林氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung..." 7256253 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{Wt/mnc/-zh-}}== {{Wt/mnc/zh-forms|s=穆和林}} ==={{Wt/mnc/-pron-}}=== {{Wt/mnc/zh-pron |m=Mùhélín |cat=n }} ==={{Wt/mnc/-proper.noun-}}=== # (hala) [[muheliyen]], [[Wt/mnc/muheliyen hala|muheliyen hala]]. === {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᠠᠯᠵᡳᠩᡤᠠ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ}} daljingga meyen === * [[穆和林氏]] == {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ}} aisilara bithe cagan == * daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, hūng jeo, ortai se hese be dahame banjibuha, han -i araha jakūn gūsai manjusai mukūn hala be uheri ejehe bithei susai ningguci debtelin<!--八旗满洲氏族通谱 卷五十六-->[M]. [[Category:Wt/mnc|穆]] g76hb3r7jc6qe0iyg4mzcbfw83wpas1 0 3791853 7256259 2026-07-20T08:24:23Z Yaw-kan 2601656 Created a content 7256259 wikitext text/x-wiki Nawuri [2] ti Guang fɔm bo bu wo Ghana n aniɛ wɔ. I ni Kyode aniɛ n kaba ti kun bo bu kɛrɛ bu beŋgu wɔ. Nawuri fɔm buka Guan [3] minɛm su, bo bu wo Ghana, na bu wo awɔrɛ barasu nnyɔ nu: Northern ni Oti dɛɛ awɔrɛm nu, Ghana fɛn. Bɛrɛ ti asiɛnfɔm nyini awɔrɛm nnyɔm su Ghana fɛn a. Northern Ghana fɛn, bu wo Kpandai District n nu wɔ [4]. Oti Region dɛɛ bue ni, bu wo fa kɔ Oti River n Eastern dɛɛ awɔrɛ n kpɛrɛ n su wɔ, fa i fite Kpassa bo i wo Nkwanta North kɔ ju Kitare Disane Nkwanta South fa kpira Njare bo i wo Krachi East ni, Nawuri asiɛn n annyaari lɛɛ. Nawurim wo miɛ ahɛmɛm akpi beberebe su fa barayɛ Kpandai miɛkpiri ni fa kɔ wie afiiri n dɛɛ awieeri su fa kɔ Salaga district nu; na bu wo Volta Lake wara Oti River n wie atɔɔri su dɛɛ bue ni, na bu wo Kete Krachi fɔm nyunu fa dodo kilometer aburaso.[5] Dɔdɔɔri ti jumayowa gabadaya. Nba nim kpiɛ bu nbaam ŋgɔnlɛ nzɛn bu  ju sara nsɛn; na bu nkpiɛnm ma nbaam duma saŋga bo bu aju sara nsɛn kɔ ju mɔcuɛ; bu fa bu nabiɛsɔm ni nabaram duma fa ma nbaam a. 5w91ocss0uc9ord4gzxxqqsxa750kef 7256260 7256259 2026-07-20T08:26:16Z Yaw-kan 2601656 Databox 7256260 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wp/cko/Databox|item=Q35906}} Nawuri [2] ti Guang fɔm bo bu wo Ghana n aniɛ wɔ. I ni Kyode aniɛ n kaba ti kun bo bu kɛrɛ bu beŋgu wɔ. Nawuri fɔm buka Guan [3] minɛm su, bo bu wo Ghana, na bu wo awɔrɛ barasu nnyɔ nu: Northern ni Oti dɛɛ awɔrɛm nu, Ghana fɛn. Bɛrɛ ti asiɛnfɔm nyini awɔrɛm nnyɔm su Ghana fɛn a. Northern Ghana fɛn, bu wo Kpandai District n nu wɔ [4]. Oti Region dɛɛ bue ni, bu wo fa kɔ Oti River n Eastern dɛɛ awɔrɛ n kpɛrɛ n su wɔ, fa i fite Kpassa bo i wo Nkwanta North kɔ ju Kitare Disane Nkwanta South fa kpira Njare bo i wo Krachi East ni, Nawuri asiɛn n annyaari lɛɛ. Nawurim wo miɛ ahɛmɛm akpi beberebe su fa barayɛ Kpandai miɛkpiri ni fa kɔ wie afiiri n dɛɛ awieeri su fa kɔ Salaga district nu; na bu wo Volta Lake wara Oti River n wie atɔɔri su dɛɛ bue ni, na bu wo Kete Krachi fɔm nyunu fa dodo kilometer aburaso.[5] Dɔdɔɔri ti jumayowa gabadaya. Nba nim kpiɛ bu nbaam ŋgɔnlɛ nzɛn bu  ju sara nsɛn; na bu nkpiɛnm ma nbaam duma saŋga bo bu aju sara nsɛn kɔ ju mɔcuɛ; bu fa bu nabiɛsɔm ni nabaram duma fa ma nbaam a. [[Category:Wp/cko]] 2kv2c00zmesb8n8jhirjdm0za9hkw5x 3 3791854 7256342 2026-07-20T09:35:49Z Welcoming Bot 9525 Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! 7256342 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float=right }} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]]. </div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 09:35, 20 July 2026 (UTC) 0ownfbb3zp6zlv4ciqbge8l0ruj6dsc 3 3791855 7256408 2026-07-20T10:03:05Z Welcoming Bot 9525 Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! 7256408 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="margin:.5em;"> {{Welcome-toolbox |create=(to create a wiki) |lang-support=Language support |float=right }} Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator! At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info: * If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it. * You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. * If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]! * If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them! * If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions. If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]]. </div> -- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 10:03, 20 July 2026 (UTC) cygl6b4khz55pumc47jhic9yfr1dcxi 0 3791856 7256415 2026-07-20T10:26:52Z Mirlim 2598865 Created page with "Klènèk ni so [[Wp/mfa/Kemudohae kesèhaktae|kemudohae kesèhaktae]] nok ttupu ko jagoae [[Wp/mfa/Pesakék#Pesakék luwa nga pesakék dalae|pesakék luwa]]. So klènèk buléh jadi nyo kendali scaro pribadi (swasta), ata nyo uruh dae biyayo di krajoae ko orae awae. Klènèk skalo nyo nok ccaro ko kandok penjagoae kesèhaktae ko pendudók dalae grepok stepak. Yo bbezo dari [[Wp/mfa/Spita|spita]] hok lagi besa, hok mano buwi rawaktae lagi khusuh dae buwi Wp/mfa/Pesaké..." 7256415 wikitext text/x-wiki Klènèk ni so [[Wp/mfa/Kemudohae kesèhaktae|kemudohae kesèhaktae]] nok ttupu ko jagoae [[Wp/mfa/Pesakék#Pesakék luwa nga pesakék dalae|pesakék luwa]]. So klènèk buléh jadi nyo kendali scaro pribadi (swasta), ata nyo uruh dae biyayo di krajoae ko orae awae. Klènèk skalo nyo nok ccaro ko kandok penjagoae kesèhaktae ko pendudók dalae grepok stepak. Yo bbezo dari [[Wp/mfa/Spita|spita]] hok lagi besa, hok mano buwi rawaktae lagi khusuh dae buwi [[Wp/mfa/Pesakék#Pesakék luwa nga pesakék dalae|pesakék dalae]] tingga dalae wad, skalo orae gi klènèk kih nok beli obak jah. [[Category:Wp/mfa]] gyvqc8loi0oe6kp3wlb2e6xczvebepe 7256417 7256415 2026-07-20T10:28:52Z Mirlim 2598865 7256417 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Klinik Kesihatan Selising, Pasir Puteh.jpg|thumb|Klènèk Kesèhaktae [[Wp/mfa/Slising|Slising]], [[Wp/mfa/Pasé Putéh|Pasé Putéh]]]] Klènèk ni so [[Wp/mfa/Kemudohae kesèhaktae|kemudohae kesèhaktae]] nok ttupu ko jagoae [[Wp/mfa/Pesakék#Pesakék luwa nga pesakék dalae|pesakék luwa]]. So klènèk buléh jadi nyo kendali scaro pribadi (swasta), ata nyo uruh dae biyayo di krajoae ko orae awae. Klènèk skalo nyo nok ccaro ko kandok penjagoae kesèhaktae ko pendudók dalae grepok stepak. Yo bbezo dari [[Wp/mfa/Spita|spita]] hok lagi besa, hok mano buwi rawaktae lagi khusuh dae buwi [[Wp/mfa/Pesakék#Pesakék luwa nga pesakék dalae|pesakék dalae]] tingga dalae wad, skalo orae gi klènèk kih nok beli obak jah. [[Category:Wp/mfa]] nm52z3niojsnwix1knlvvva343tfmxo 7256418 7256417 2026-07-20T10:29:21Z Mirlim 2598865 Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q1774898]] 7256418 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Klinik Kesihatan Selising, Pasir Puteh.jpg|thumb|Klènèk Kesèhaktae [[Wp/mfa/Slising|Slising]], [[Wp/mfa/Pasé Putéh|Pasé Putéh]]]] Klènèk ni so [[Wp/mfa/Kemudohae kesèhaktae|kemudohae kesèhaktae]] nok ttupu ko jagoae [[Wp/mfa/Pesakék#Pesakék luwa nga pesakék dalae|pesakék luwa]]. So klènèk buléh jadi nyo kendali scaro pribadi (swasta), ata nyo uruh dae biyayo di krajoae ko orae awae. Klènèk skalo nyo nok ccaro ko kandok penjagoae kesèhaktae ko pendudók dalae grepok stepak. Yo bbezo dari [[Wp/mfa/Spita|spita]] hok lagi besa, hok mano buwi rawaktae lagi khusuh dae buwi [[Wp/mfa/Pesakék#Pesakék luwa nga pesakék dalae|pesakék dalae]] tingga dalae wad, skalo orae gi klènèk kih nok beli obak jah. [[Category:Wp/mfa]] {{INTERWIKI|Q1774898}} c30u61h687bes2y6yz0mih8kql3y7gr 0 3791857 7256503 2026-07-20T11:18:59Z Cefena J 2632258 Created page with "==Jaku Iban== ===Reti=== ====Jaku nama==== {{Wt/iba/head|iba|jaku nama}} #orang ke [[Wt/iba/nanam|nanam]] #: {{Wt/iba/ux|iba|'''Penanam''' padi nya sikal.}} ===Sebut=== * {{Wt/iba/hyph|iba|pe |na|nam }} [[Category:Wt/iba]]" 7256503 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Jaku Iban== ===Reti=== ====Jaku nama==== {{Wt/iba/head|iba|jaku nama}} #orang ke [[Wt/iba/nanam|nanam]] #: {{Wt/iba/ux|iba|'''Penanam''' padi nya sikal.}} ===Sebut=== * {{Wt/iba/hyph|iba|pe |na|nam }} [[Category:Wt/iba]] 0wroi4fgkhh7n3b9tvifm6mrz06s9bn 0 3791858 7256509 2026-07-20T11:27:37Z AyamMadu 2679056 Created page with "==Jaku Iban== ===Reti=== ====Jaku nama==== {{Wt/iba/head|iba|jaku nama}} #polis soldadu Jipun lebuh Perang Dunya Ke2 #: {{Wt/iba/ux|iba|'''Kempitai''' tu meh orang ti nyaga pengelikun mensia mayuh sereta neritka undang-undang. }} ===Sebut=== * {{Wt/iba/hyph|iba|kem|pi|tai | }} [[Category:Wt/iba]]" 7256509 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Jaku Iban== ===Reti=== ====Jaku nama==== {{Wt/iba/head|iba|jaku nama}} #polis soldadu Jipun lebuh Perang Dunya Ke2 #: {{Wt/iba/ux|iba|'''Kempitai''' tu meh orang ti nyaga pengelikun mensia mayuh sereta neritka undang-undang. }} ===Sebut=== * {{Wt/iba/hyph|iba|kem|pi|tai | }} [[Category:Wt/iba]] 5xec50a11op5t8u6gflnjctgi728bhn 0 3791859 7256510 2026-07-20T11:29:24Z Kxsteynn 2693215 bagong artikulo 7256510 wikitext text/x-wiki Si '''Jose Ma. Panganiban y Enverga''' (February 1, 1863 - August 19, 1890) usad na Pilipinong propagandista, lingguwista, ag manunurat. Usad iya sa nagsurat ag nag-kontribyutor ka [[La Solidaridad]], gamit a ngaran sa libro na [["Jomapa"]] ag [["J.M.P"]] [[File:Jose Ma. Panganiban y Enverga Monument.jpg|thumb]] 7p6odb1fkizdrv62c2r1gp455jflua0 0 3791860 7256528 2026-07-20T11:53:43Z Kxsteynn 2693215 bagong artikulo 7256528 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Tomás Aréjola y Padilla.jpg|thumb]] Si '''Tomás Aréjola y Padilla''' (Setyembre 18, 1865 – Mayo 22, 1926) usad na Pilipinong abogada, lehislador, dimplomatiko, para surat sa pulitiko asin sarong propagandista kan panahon nin kolonyal kan Espanya. Usad man iyang mason ag liberal na ki sari usad iya sa nagkampanya para sa reporma kan politikal kan Pilipinas. Alagad puon adi ko panahon ko pagsakop ko mga Amerikano. Kan panahon kan Komonwelt, si Aréjola nag iba sa Nacionalista Party na nagging unang bise-presidente, darwang beses ko elksyon na nagyari ko 1907 ag 1911 na na-elek bilang [[Representative of Ambos Camarines.]] puus13fdrmv1n4akgndfp8jvmdg3xq5