Wiktionary jawiktionary https://ja.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:%E3%83%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%83%9A%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8 MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.9 case-sensitive メディア 特別 トーク 利用者 利用者・トーク Wiktionary Wiktionary・トーク ファイル ファイル・トーク MediaWiki MediaWiki・トーク テンプレート テンプレート・トーク ヘルプ ヘルプ・トーク カテゴリ カテゴリ・トーク 付録 付録・トーク TimedText TimedText talk モジュール モジュール・トーク Event Event talk 0 1024 2292936 2291943 2026-07-04T06:11:10Z Gebruiker4 131005 translations (Dutch) - "namiddag" is no word, and "goedenXYZ" is more formal than "goede XYZ" 2292936 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ja}}== ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|こんにちわ|acc=5}} {{ja-accent-common|region=京阪|n|こ|んに|ちわ}} ==={{alter}}=== *こんにちわ　(語源である助詞の仮名遣い誤り) ==={{interjection|ja}}=== {{ja-interj|今日は}} #{{context|greeting|lang=ja}}（特に日中に）人に会った時の[[挨拶]]の言葉 ===={{etym}}==== 「[[今日]]は御機嫌いかがですか」「今日は良い天気ですね」などの下の部分が省略された形。「[[は]]」は助詞。 ===={{syn}}==== * [[こんちは]] ===={{rel}}==== * [[おはよう]] * [[こんばんは]](今晩は) ===={{trans}}==== {{trans-top|人に会った時の挨拶の言葉}} *{{T|is}}<!--アイスランド語-->: {{t|is|halló}}, {{t|is|kalla}}, {{t|is|heilsa}}, {{t|is|sæll}}; {{t|is|góðan dag}} *{{T|ain}}<!--アイヌ語-->: {{t|ain|irankarapte}} *{{T|az}}<!--アゼルバイジャン語-->: {{t|az|saram}} *{{T|af}}<!--アフリカーンス語-->: {{t|af|goeie}}, {{t|af|dag}} *{{T|ar}}<!--アラビア語-->: {{t|ar|مرحبا}}, {{t|ar|السلام عليكم}} *{{T|sq}}<!--アルバニア語-->: {{t|sq|tungjatjeta}} *{{T|hy}}<!---アルメニア語-->: {{t|hy|[[բարև]]}}, {{t|hy|[[բարև ձեզ]]}} (丁寧／正式) *{{T|it}}<!--イタリア語-->: {{t|it|buon pomeriggio}}, {{t|it|ciao}}, {{t|it|salve}}, {{t|it|buongiorno}} *{{T|ia}}<!--インターリングア-->: {{t|ia|salute}} *{{T|id}}<!--インドネシア語-->: {{t|id|hai}} *{{T|ug}}<!--ウイグル語-->: {{t|ug|ياجشىمۇسىز|tr=yakhshimasiz}} *{{T|cy}}<!--ウェールズ語-->: {{t|cy|s'mae}}, {{t|cy|helô}} *{{T|vo}}<!--ヴォラピュク-->: {{t|vo|glidis}} *{{T|uk}}<!--ウクライナ語-->: {{t|uk|привіт}} *{{T|en}}<!--英語-->: {{t|en|hello}}; {{t|en|good afternoon}}, {{t|en|good morning}} *{{T|ee}}: {{t|ee|ŋdɔ}} *{{T|eo}}<!--エスペラント-->: {{t|eo|saluton}} *{{T|ryu}}: [[ちゅーうがなびら]] *{{T|ota}}: {{t|ota|مرحبا|tr=merḥaba}} *{{T|nl}}<!--オランダ語-->: {{t|nl|goedenmiddag}}, {{t|nl|hallo}} *{{T|ca}}<!--カタルーニャ語-->: {{t|ca|hola}} *{{T|gl}}<!--ガリシア語-->: {{t|gl|hola}} *{{T|el}}<!--ギリシャ語-->: {{t|el|καλό απόγευμα|tr=kaló apóghevma}}, {{t|el|καλησπέρα|tr=kalispéra}}, {{t|el|γειά|tr=geia}} *{{T|km}}<!--クメール語-->: {{t|km|ជម្រាបសួរ|tr=cumriəp suə}} *{{T|xh}}<!--コサ語-->: {{t|xh|molweni}} *{{T|sv}}<!--スウェーデン語-->: {{t|sv|god eftermiddag}}; {{t|sv|god dag}} (''正式''), {{t|sv|hallå}}, {{t|sv|hej}} *{{T|sw}}<!--スワヒリ語-->: {{t|sw|jambo}} *{{T|zu}}<!--ズールー語-->: {{t|zu|sawubona}} *{{T|es}}<!--スペイン語-->: {{t|es|hola}} *{{T|sk}}<!--スロヴァキア語-->: {{t|sk|ahoj}}, {{t|sk|servus}} *{{T|sl}}<!--スロヴェニア語-->: {{t|sl|zdravo}} *{{T|sh}}: *:キリル文字: {{t|sh|здраво}} *:ラテン文字: {{t|sh|pazdrav}}, {{t|sh|bok}}, {{t|sh|zdrȁvo}}, {{t|sh|ćao}}, {{t|sh|Ћао}}, {{t|sh|halo}} *{{T|th}}<!--タイ語-->: {{t|th|สวัสดี|tr=sàwàtdee}}, {{t|th|สวัสดีครับ|tr=sàwàtdee kráp}} (男性), {{t|th|สวัสดีค่ะ|tr=sàwàtdee kâ}} (女性) *{{T|tl}}<!--タガログ語-->: {{t|tl|helo}}, {{t|tl|hoy}} *{{T|ta}}<!--タミル語-->: {{t|ta|vanakam}} *{{T|cs}}<!--チェコ語-->: {{t|cs|ahoj}}, {{t|cs|nazdar}} *{{T|zh}}<!--中国語-->: {{t|zh|喂|tr=wèi}}, {{t|zh|幸会|tr=xìng hùi}}, {{t|zh|你好|tr=nǐ hǎo}}, {{t|zh|您好|tr=nín hǎo}} (''正式''), {{t|zh|大家好|tr=dàjiāhǎo}} (複数の人に対して) *:{{T|yue}}: {{t|zh|你好|tr=nei5 hou2}} *:{{T|wuu}}: {{zh-ts|[[儂好]]|[[侬好]]}} (non1 hau2) *{{T|ko}}: {{t|ko|안녕(安寧)}}, {{t|ko|안녕하세요}} (安寧-), {{t|ko|안녕하십니까}} (安寧-) *{{T|da}}<!--デンマーク語-->: {{t|da|hallo}}, {{t|da|goddag}}, {{t|da|god dag}} *{{T|de}}<!--ドイツ語-->: {{t|de|hallo}}; {{t|de|guten Tag}} ({{t|de|guten Morgen}}, {{t|de|guten Abend}}), {{t|de|moin}} *{{T|tok}}: {{t|tok|toki}} *{{T|tr}}<!--トルコ語-->: {{t|tr|merhaba}} *{{T|na}}<!--ナウル語-->: {{t|na|omo yekwo}} *{{T|nah}}<!--ナワトル語-->: {{t|nah|niltze}} *{{T|fy}}: {{t|fy|hallo}}, {{t|fy|hoi}}, {{t|fy|moin}} *{{T|no}}<!--ノルウェー語-->: {{t|no|hei}} *{{T|ht}}: {{t|ht|bonjou}} *{{T|eu}}<!--バスク語-->: {{t|eu|kaixo}} *{{T|pau}}: {{t|pau|alii}} *{{T|haw}}<!--ハワイ語-->: {{t|haw|aloha}} *{{T|hu}}<!--ハンガリー語-->: {{t|hu|szia}} *{{T|my}}: {{t|my|မင်္ဂလာပါ}} *{{T|hi}}: {{t|hi|नमस्ते}} *{{T|fj}}<!--フィジー語-->: {{t|fj|bula}} *{{T|fi}}<!--フィンランド語-->: {{t|fi|hyvää päivää}}, {{t|fi|hyvää iltapäivää}}, {{t|fi|hei}}, {{t|fi|terve}}, {{t|fi|moi}}, {{t|fi|päivää}} *{{T|bug}}<!--ブギ語-->: {{t|bug|aga karéba}} *{{T|fr}}<!--フランス語-->: {{t|fr|bonjour}}, {{t|fr|salut}} (''非正式'') *{{T|fy}}<!--西フリジア語-->: {{t|fy|goeie middei}}, {{t|fy|hallo}}, {{t|fy|hoi}}, {{t|fy|moin}} *{{T|bg}}<!--ブルガリア語-->: {{t|bg|здравей}}, {{t|bg|здравейте}} *{{T|vi}}<!--ベトナム語-->: {{t|vi|xin chào}}, {{t|vi|chào}} ({{t|vi|ông}}, {{t|vi|bà}}, {{t|vi|cô}}, {{t|vi|anh}}, {{t|vi|chị}}, {{t|vi|em}}, {{t|vi|quí vị}} &ndash; 親疎による) *{{T|he}}<!--ヘブライ語-->: {{t|he|שלום}} (shalom) *{{T|pl}}<!--ポーランド語-->: {{t|pl|cześć}}, {{t|pl|dzień dobry}} *{{T|pt}}<!--ポルトガル語-->: {{t|pt|boa tarde}}, {{t|pt|olá}}, {{t|pt|oi}} *{{T|ms}}<!--マレー語-->: {{t|ms|salam}}, {{t|ms|hai}}, {{t|ms|helo}}, {{t|ms|apa khabar}} *{{T|mn}}: {{t|mn|сайн байна уу}} *{{T|lo}}<!--ラオス語-->: {{t|lo|ສະບາຍດີ|tr=sa bāi dī}} *{{T|la}}<!--ラテン語-->: {{t|la|salve}}, {{t|la|ave}} *{{T|lv}}<!--ラトヴィア語-->: {{t|lv|labdien}}, {{t|lv|čau}} *{{T|lt}}<!--リトアニア語-->: {{t|lt|sveiki}}, {{t|lt|labas}}, {{t|lt|labas rytas}}, {{t|lt|labas vakaras}} *{{T|lb}}<!--ルクセンブルク語-->: {{t|lb|moien}} *{{T|ro}}<!--ルーマニア語-->: {{t|ro|bună ziua}}, {{t|ro|salut}} *{{T|ru}}<!--ロシア語-->: {{t|ru|добрый день}}, {{t|ru|здравствуйте}}, {{t|ru|привет}} (''非正式'') *{{T|jbo}}<!--ロジバン-->: {{t|jbo|coi}} {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|日中の挨拶}} *{{T|hy}}<!---アルメニア語-->: {{t|hy|բարի օր}} *{{T|id}}: {{t|id|selamat siang}} *{{T|zh}}<!--中国語-->: {{t|zh|午安|tr=wǔ'ān}}, {{t|zh|下午好|tr=xiàwǔ hǎo}}, {{t|zh|中午好|tr=zhōngwǔ hǎo}} {{trans-bottom}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|今日は}} # 「こんにちは」という挨拶。 #{{context|slang|lang=ja}}[[動物]]などが顔を出すこと。 #{{context|slang|lang=ja}}[[対面]]すること。 #{{context|slang|lang=ja}}隠しておくべき[[身体]]の[[一部]]や下着などが見えてしまうこと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|今日は}} #{{context|slang|lang=ja}}[[動物]]などが顔を出す。 #{{context|slang|lang=ja}}[[対面]]する。 #{{context|slang|lang=ja}}隠しておくべき[[身体]]の[[一部]]や下着などが見えてしまう。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{日本語サ変活用}} d5fux19e7cowuah0iu90exqb9gkchxe 2292965 2292936 2026-07-04T11:51:37Z Gebruiker4 131005 Translations (Dutch) - "goedeXYZ" appears to be a more common form for "goedenmiddag", unlike goedendag, goedenavond 2292965 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ja}}== ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|こんにちわ|acc=5}} {{ja-accent-common|region=京阪|n|こ|んに|ちわ}} ==={{alter}}=== *こんにちわ　(語源である助詞の仮名遣い誤り) ==={{interjection|ja}}=== {{ja-interj|今日は}} #{{context|greeting|lang=ja}}（特に日中に）人に会った時の[[挨拶]]の言葉 ===={{etym}}==== 「[[今日]]は御機嫌いかがですか」「今日は良い天気ですね」などの下の部分が省略された形。「[[は]]」は助詞。 ===={{syn}}==== * [[こんちは]] ===={{rel}}==== * [[おはよう]] * [[こんばんは]](今晩は) ===={{trans}}==== {{trans-top|人に会った時の挨拶の言葉}} *{{T|is}}<!--アイスランド語-->: {{t|is|halló}}, {{t|is|kalla}}, {{t|is|heilsa}}, {{t|is|sæll}}; {{t|is|góðan dag}} *{{T|ain}}<!--アイヌ語-->: {{t|ain|irankarapte}} *{{T|az}}<!--アゼルバイジャン語-->: {{t|az|saram}} *{{T|af}}<!--アフリカーンス語-->: {{t|af|goeie}}, {{t|af|dag}} *{{T|ar}}<!--アラビア語-->: {{t|ar|مرحبا}}, {{t|ar|السلام عليكم}} *{{T|sq}}<!--アルバニア語-->: {{t|sq|tungjatjeta}} *{{T|hy}}<!---アルメニア語-->: {{t|hy|[[բարև]]}}, {{t|hy|[[բարև ձեզ]]}} (丁寧／正式) *{{T|it}}<!--イタリア語-->: {{t|it|buon pomeriggio}}, {{t|it|ciao}}, {{t|it|salve}}, {{t|it|buongiorno}} *{{T|ia}}<!--インターリングア-->: {{t|ia|salute}} *{{T|id}}<!--インドネシア語-->: {{t|id|hai}} *{{T|ug}}<!--ウイグル語-->: {{t|ug|ياجشىمۇسىز|tr=yakhshimasiz}} *{{T|cy}}<!--ウェールズ語-->: {{t|cy|s'mae}}, {{t|cy|helô}} *{{T|vo}}<!--ヴォラピュク-->: {{t|vo|glidis}} *{{T|uk}}<!--ウクライナ語-->: {{t|uk|привіт}} *{{T|en}}<!--英語-->: {{t|en|hello}}; {{t|en|good afternoon}}, {{t|en|good morning}} *{{T|ee}}: {{t|ee|ŋdɔ}} *{{T|eo}}<!--エスペラント-->: {{t|eo|saluton}} *{{T|ryu}}: [[ちゅーうがなびら]] *{{T|ota}}: {{t|ota|مرحبا|tr=merḥaba}} *{{T|nl}}<!--オランダ語-->: {{t|nl|goedemiddag}}, {{t|nl|hallo}} *{{T|ca}}<!--カタルーニャ語-->: {{t|ca|hola}} *{{T|gl}}<!--ガリシア語-->: {{t|gl|hola}} *{{T|el}}<!--ギリシャ語-->: {{t|el|καλό απόγευμα|tr=kaló apóghevma}}, {{t|el|καλησπέρα|tr=kalispéra}}, {{t|el|γειά|tr=geia}} *{{T|km}}<!--クメール語-->: {{t|km|ជម្រាបសួរ|tr=cumriəp suə}} *{{T|xh}}<!--コサ語-->: {{t|xh|molweni}} *{{T|sv}}<!--スウェーデン語-->: {{t|sv|god eftermiddag}}; {{t|sv|god dag}} (''正式''), {{t|sv|hallå}}, {{t|sv|hej}} *{{T|sw}}<!--スワヒリ語-->: {{t|sw|jambo}} *{{T|zu}}<!--ズールー語-->: {{t|zu|sawubona}} *{{T|es}}<!--スペイン語-->: {{t|es|hola}} *{{T|sk}}<!--スロヴァキア語-->: {{t|sk|ahoj}}, {{t|sk|servus}} *{{T|sl}}<!--スロヴェニア語-->: {{t|sl|zdravo}} *{{T|sh}}: *:キリル文字: {{t|sh|здраво}} *:ラテン文字: {{t|sh|pazdrav}}, {{t|sh|bok}}, {{t|sh|zdrȁvo}}, {{t|sh|ćao}}, {{t|sh|Ћао}}, {{t|sh|halo}} *{{T|th}}<!--タイ語-->: {{t|th|สวัสดี|tr=sàwàtdee}}, {{t|th|สวัสดีครับ|tr=sàwàtdee kráp}} (男性), {{t|th|สวัสดีค่ะ|tr=sàwàtdee kâ}} (女性) *{{T|tl}}<!--タガログ語-->: {{t|tl|helo}}, {{t|tl|hoy}} *{{T|ta}}<!--タミル語-->: {{t|ta|vanakam}} *{{T|cs}}<!--チェコ語-->: {{t|cs|ahoj}}, {{t|cs|nazdar}} *{{T|zh}}<!--中国語-->: {{t|zh|喂|tr=wèi}}, {{t|zh|幸会|tr=xìng hùi}}, {{t|zh|你好|tr=nǐ hǎo}}, {{t|zh|您好|tr=nín hǎo}} (''正式''), {{t|zh|大家好|tr=dàjiāhǎo}} (複数の人に対して) *:{{T|yue}}: {{t|zh|你好|tr=nei5 hou2}} *:{{T|wuu}}: {{zh-ts|[[儂好]]|[[侬好]]}} (non1 hau2) *{{T|ko}}: {{t|ko|안녕(安寧)}}, {{t|ko|안녕하세요}} (安寧-), {{t|ko|안녕하십니까}} (安寧-) *{{T|da}}<!--デンマーク語-->: {{t|da|hallo}}, {{t|da|goddag}}, {{t|da|god dag}} *{{T|de}}<!--ドイツ語-->: {{t|de|hallo}}; {{t|de|guten Tag}} ({{t|de|guten Morgen}}, {{t|de|guten Abend}}), {{t|de|moin}} *{{T|tok}}: {{t|tok|toki}} *{{T|tr}}<!--トルコ語-->: {{t|tr|merhaba}} *{{T|na}}<!--ナウル語-->: {{t|na|omo yekwo}} *{{T|nah}}<!--ナワトル語-->: {{t|nah|niltze}} *{{T|fy}}: {{t|fy|hallo}}, {{t|fy|hoi}}, {{t|fy|moin}} *{{T|no}}<!--ノルウェー語-->: {{t|no|hei}} *{{T|ht}}: {{t|ht|bonjou}} *{{T|eu}}<!--バスク語-->: {{t|eu|kaixo}} *{{T|pau}}: {{t|pau|alii}} *{{T|haw}}<!--ハワイ語-->: {{t|haw|aloha}} *{{T|hu}}<!--ハンガリー語-->: {{t|hu|szia}} *{{T|my}}: {{t|my|မင်္ဂလာပါ}} *{{T|hi}}: {{t|hi|नमस्ते}} *{{T|fj}}<!--フィジー語-->: {{t|fj|bula}} *{{T|fi}}<!--フィンランド語-->: {{t|fi|hyvää päivää}}, {{t|fi|hyvää iltapäivää}}, {{t|fi|hei}}, {{t|fi|terve}}, {{t|fi|moi}}, {{t|fi|päivää}} *{{T|bug}}<!--ブギ語-->: {{t|bug|aga karéba}} *{{T|fr}}<!--フランス語-->: {{t|fr|bonjour}}, {{t|fr|salut}} (''非正式'') *{{T|fy}}<!--西フリジア語-->: {{t|fy|goeie middei}}, {{t|fy|hallo}}, {{t|fy|hoi}}, {{t|fy|moin}} *{{T|bg}}<!--ブルガリア語-->: {{t|bg|здравей}}, {{t|bg|здравейте}} *{{T|vi}}<!--ベトナム語-->: {{t|vi|xin chào}}, {{t|vi|chào}} ({{t|vi|ông}}, {{t|vi|bà}}, {{t|vi|cô}}, {{t|vi|anh}}, {{t|vi|chị}}, {{t|vi|em}}, {{t|vi|quí vị}} &ndash; 親疎による) *{{T|he}}<!--ヘブライ語-->: {{t|he|שלום}} (shalom) *{{T|pl}}<!--ポーランド語-->: {{t|pl|cześć}}, {{t|pl|dzień dobry}} *{{T|pt}}<!--ポルトガル語-->: {{t|pt|boa tarde}}, {{t|pt|olá}}, {{t|pt|oi}} *{{T|ms}}<!--マレー語-->: {{t|ms|salam}}, {{t|ms|hai}}, {{t|ms|helo}}, {{t|ms|apa khabar}} *{{T|mn}}: {{t|mn|сайн байна уу}} *{{T|lo}}<!--ラオス語-->: {{t|lo|ສະບາຍດີ|tr=sa bāi dī}} *{{T|la}}<!--ラテン語-->: {{t|la|salve}}, {{t|la|ave}} *{{T|lv}}<!--ラトヴィア語-->: {{t|lv|labdien}}, {{t|lv|čau}} *{{T|lt}}<!--リトアニア語-->: {{t|lt|sveiki}}, {{t|lt|labas}}, {{t|lt|labas rytas}}, {{t|lt|labas vakaras}} *{{T|lb}}<!--ルクセンブルク語-->: {{t|lb|moien}} *{{T|ro}}<!--ルーマニア語-->: {{t|ro|bună ziua}}, {{t|ro|salut}} *{{T|ru}}<!--ロシア語-->: {{t|ru|добрый день}}, {{t|ru|здравствуйте}}, {{t|ru|привет}} (''非正式'') *{{T|jbo}}<!--ロジバン-->: {{t|jbo|coi}} {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|日中の挨拶}} *{{T|hy}}<!---アルメニア語-->: {{t|hy|բարի օր}} *{{T|id}}: {{t|id|selamat siang}} *{{T|zh}}<!--中国語-->: {{t|zh|午安|tr=wǔ'ān}}, {{t|zh|下午好|tr=xiàwǔ hǎo}}, {{t|zh|中午好|tr=zhōngwǔ hǎo}} {{trans-bottom}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|今日は}} # 「こんにちは」という挨拶。 #{{context|slang|lang=ja}}[[動物]]などが顔を出すこと。 #{{context|slang|lang=ja}}[[対面]]すること。 #{{context|slang|lang=ja}}隠しておくべき[[身体]]の[[一部]]や下着などが見えてしまうこと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|今日は}} #{{context|slang|lang=ja}}[[動物]]などが顔を出す。 #{{context|slang|lang=ja}}[[対面]]する。 #{{context|slang|lang=ja}}隠しておくべき[[身体]]の[[一部]]や下着などが見えてしまう。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{日本語サ変活用}} 2nt55z7nwdesqo8goz2igbw0gpsipow 0 7210 2292638 2275903 2026-07-03T18:21:09Z ~2026-38184-68 132295 2292638 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|にんげん}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|にん|けん|k2=げん|yomi=goon}} {{ja-kanjitab|じん|かん|yomi=kanon}} {{wikipedia}} ==={{etym}}=== *仏教用語の「[[人間界]]」から。 ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|にんげん|acc=0}} :{{X-SAMPA1|n'iNgeN\}} {{ja-accent-common|region=京阪|h|にんげ|ん}} {{ja-pron|じんかん|acc=0}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[にんげん]]|[[じんかん]]|kyu=人閒}}[[Category:日中で意味が大きく異なる漢語]][[Category:日越で意味が大きく異なる漢語]] # （にんげん）{{context|biology|lang=ja}}立って歩き、[[ことば|言葉]]や[[ひ|火]]や[[道具]]を使う事などによって、[[万物]]の[[霊長]]とされるところの[[ヒト]]。[[w:ホモ・サピエンス|ホモ・サピエンス]]〔他の動物と区別する場合〕。 #*「何と見申せど更に'''人間'''とは見えず候。如何なる者ぞ名を名乗り候へ」（世阿弥『鵺』） #*「きゃつは'''人間'''では有まひ」（狂言『蚊相撲』） ## 普通の人。万能でないもの。感情を持った卑俗な存在。 ##* 「男も'''人間'''だし女も'''人間'''だ、ばかなことをしたり思わぬ羽目を外したり、そのために泣いたり苦しんだりするのが、'''人間'''の'''人間'''らしいところじゃあないだろうか、」（山本周五郎『五瓣の椿』［1949］） ## 良識ある道徳的な人。 ##* 人間として許されないことをしてしまった。 # （にんげん）[[性格]]、[[人格]]、[[人柄]]。 #*「五年後にもう一度会ひ直さう。少しは'''人間'''ができてるかも知れん。」（岸田國士『屋上庭園』［1926］） # （にんげん）[[世間]]、人の住む[[世界]]、[[現世]]。 <!--#:「[[人間到る処青山あり]]」--> #*「就中仏法流布の世に生まれて、仏法修行の心ざしあれば、後生善生疑あるべからず。'''人間'''（ニンゲン、高良本フリガナ）のあだなるならひは、今更おどろくべきにはあらねど、御有様見奉るにあまりにせんかたなうこそ候へ」（『平家物語』灌頂・六道之沙汰） #*「子嬰はまた項羽に殺され玉ひしかば、神陵三月の火、いたづらに九重の雲を焦がし、泉下多少の宝玉、忽ちに'''人間'''（じんかん）の塵となりにけり。」（子嬰はまた項羽に殺されなさったので、神陵に放たれた日は3か月燃え続け、むなしく空の雲を焦がし、墓の下の多くの宝玉は世間の塵となった。太平記26） ===={{comp}}==== * [[人間界]] * [[人間関係]] * [[人間ぎらい]] * [[人間魚雷]] * [[人間くさい]] * [[人間工学]] * [[人間性]] * [[人間的]] * [[人間味]] * [[人間模様]] * [[人間らしい]] * [[人間わざ]] * [[会社人間]] * [[仕事人間]] * [[植物人間]] * [[透明人間]] * [[人間到る処青山あり]] ===={{syn}}==== *（語義1）[[人類]]、[[ひと]]、[[パーソン]] *（語義2）[[人柄]]、[[人格]] *（語義3）[[世間]]、[[人界]]、[[人間界]]、[[人道]]（にんどう）、[[人間道]]、[[人趣]]、[[人間趣]]、[[人世]]、[[人間世]]、[[人寰]]、[[天下]] ===={{ant}}==== *（語義1）[[動物]] *（語義3）[[天上]] ===={{trans}}==== {{trans-top|ホモ・サピエンスの個体}} *{{T|is}}: {{t|is|manneskja|f}}, {{t|is|maður|m}} *{{T|ga}}: {{t|ga|duine|m}} *{{T|az}}: {{t|az|insan}} *{{T|af}}: {{t|af|mens}} *{{T|ar}}: {{t|ar|إنسان|m|tr='insaan}} *{{T|sq}}: {{t|sq|njeri}} *{{T|hy}}: {{t|hy|մարդ|tr=mard}} *{{T|it}}: {{t|it|umano|m}}, {{t|it|umana|f}}, {{t|it|essere umano}} *{{T|id}}: {{t|id|orang}} *{{T|uk}}: {{t|uk|людина|f|tr=ljudýna}} *{{T|ur}}: {{t|ur|آدمی|m|tr=ādmī}}, {{t|ur|اِنْسان|m}} *{{T|en}}: {{t|en|human being}}、{{t|en|man}} *{{T|ee}}: {{tø|ee|ame}}, {{tø|ee|amegbetɔ}} *{{T|eo}}: {{t|eo|homo}}, {{t-|eo|ulo}} *{{T|nl}}: {{t|nl|mens}} *{{T|ca}}: {{t|ca|humà|m}}, {{t-|ca|humana|f}} *{{T|el}}: {{t|el|άνθρωπος|m}} *{{T|ku}}: *:{{T|kmr}}: {{t|kmr|mirov}} *:{{T|ckb}}: {{t|ckb|مرۆڤ}} *{{T|cu}}: {{tø|cu|чловѣкъ|m|tr=člověkŭ|sc=Cyrs}} *{{T|cop}}: {{tø|cop|ⲣⲱⲙⲉ|tr=rōme|sc=Copt}} *{{T|sd}}: {{t|sd|اِنساَنُ|tr=insānu}} *{{T|sv}}: {{t|sv|människa|c}}, {{t|sv|mänsklighet|c}} *{{T|zu}}: {{t|zu|umuntu}} *{{T|gd}}: {{t-|gd|duine|m}}、 {{t-|gd|daonna}} *{{T|es}}: {{t|es|gente|f}}, {{t|es|hombre|m}}, {{t|es|ser humano|m}}, {{t-|es|humana|f}} *{{T|sk}}: {{t-|sk|človek|m}} *{{T|sl}}: {{t|sl|človek|m}} *{{T|sh}}: {{t|sh|čovjek}} *{{T|st}}: {{t|st|motho}} *{{T|th}}: {{t|th|มนุษย์|tr=má-nút}} *{{T|cs}}: {{t|cs|člověk|m}} {{s}}, {{t|cs|lidé|m}} {{p}}; 〈人間的な〉 {{t|cs|lidský|m}} *{{T|zh}}: {{t|zh|人|tr=rén}}, {{t|zh|人類}} / {{t|zh|人类|tr=rénlèi}} *{{T|ko}}: {{t|ko|사람}}, {{t|ko|인류(人類)}}, {{t|ko|인간(人間)}} *{{T|tzo}}: {{tø|tzo|krixchano}}, {{tø|tzo|vinik}} *{{T|da}}: {{t|da|menneske|n}} *{{T|de}}: (1) {{t|de|Mensch|m}}, {{t|de|Menschheit|f}}; (2) {{t|de|Mensch}} {{m}}, {{t|de|Wesen|n}}, {{t|de|Charakter|m}}; (3) {{t|de|Umgebung|f}}, {{t|de|Umfeld|n}}, {{t|de|Umwelt|f}} *{{T|tok}}: {{t|tok|jan}} *{{T|tr}}: {{t|tr|insan}} *{{T|fy}}: {{t|fy|minske|c}} *{{T|no}}: {{t|no|menneske|n}} *{{T|ps}}: {{t|ps|انسان|tr=insān}} *{{T|eu}}: {{t|eu|gizon}}, {{t|eu|gizaki}} *{{T|hu}}: {{t|hu|ember}} *{{T|hi}}: {{t-|hi|आदमी|m|tr=ādmī}}, {{t|hi|इंसान|m}} *{{T|fi}}: {{t|fi|ihminen}}, {{t|fi|inhimillinen}} (形容詞), {{t-|fi|ihmis-}} *{{T|fr}}: {{t|fr|homme|m}}, {{t|fr|être humain|m}}, {{t|fr|humain|m}} *{{T|bg}}: {{t|bg|човек|m}} *{{T|vi}}: {{t|vi|người}} *{{T|be}}: {{t|be|чалавек|m}} *{{T|fa}}: {{t|fa|اِنسان|tr=ensân}} *{{T|pl}}: {{t|pl|człowiek|m}}, {{t|pl|osoba|f}} *{{T|pt}}: {{t|pt|humano}} *{{T|mk}}: {{t-|mk|човек|m|tr=čóvek}}, {{t|mk|човечки|m}} *{{T|mas}}: {{tø|mas|tung'ani|alt=oltung'ani|m}} *{{T|chm}}: {{tø|chm|айдеме}} *{{T|mt}}: {{t|ml|മനുഷ്യന്‍|sc=Mlym}} *{{T|mn}}: {{t|mn|хүн}} *{{T|lv}}: {{t|lv|cilvēks|m}} *{{T|lt}}: {{t|lt|žmogùs|m}}, {{t|lt|asmuõ|m}} *{{T|ro}}: {{t|ro|om|m}} *{{T|rw}}: {{t-|rw|umuntu}} *{{T|ru}}: {{t|ru|человек|m}}, {{t|ru|человеческий}} *{{T|rhg}}: {{tø|rhg|manúic}} *{{T|rom}}: {{tø|rom|manush}} {{trans-bottom}} [[Category:日本語の基本語彙]] =={{L|zh}}== ==={{alter}}=== *{{l|zh|人閒}} ==={{pron}}=== {{cmn-pron|rénjiān|a=Zh-rénjian.ogg}} {{yue-pron|jan4 gaan1|a=LL-Q9186-Luilui6666-人间.wav}} {{nan-pron|zz,kh:jîn-kan/xm,qz,tp:lîn-kan|t=nang5 gang1}} *{{hak-pron|ngìn-kiên / ngìn-kiân|h=ngin gienˋ}} {{wuu-pron|sh:6zen ci}} *{{ltc}}: ȵiɪn kˠɛn *{{och}}: *: '''白一平-サガール''': *ni[ŋ] kˤre[n] *: '''鄭張''': *njin kreːn ==={{noun}}=== {{zhchars|s=人间}} #この{{ふりがな|世|よ}}、[[現世]]。 {{zh-cat|ren2jian1|noun}} {{yue-cat|yan4gaan1|noun}} {{nan-cat|jin5kan1|noun}} {{nan-tws-cat|nang5gang1|noun}} {{hak-cat|ngin2kien1|noun}} {{wuu-cat|zen3ci1|noun}} {{ltc-cat|niin1ken1|noun}} {{och-cat|njinkren|noun}} ==={{desc}}=== {{CJKV||j=にんげん|人間|인간|nhân gian}} =={{L|ko}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ko-head|noun|인간}}[[Category:中朝で意味が大きく異なる漢語]][[Category:朝越で意味が大きく異なる漢語]] #（日本語に同じ）人間。 =={{L|vi}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{vi-head|noun|nhân|gian}} #[[世間]]。 oesy2xpquf7knfbnj6fwv7bxkxg3hzl 2292707 2292638 2026-07-03T20:15:47Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292707 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|にんげん}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|にん|けん|k2=げん|yomi=goon}} {{ja-kanjitab|じん|かん|yomi=kanon}} {{wikipedia}} ==={{etym}}=== *仏教用語の「[[人間界]]」から。それ自体は漢語の「人間」（語義3）から。 ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|にんげん|acc=0}} :{{X-SAMPA1|n'iNgeN\}} {{ja-accent-common|region=京阪|h|にんげ|ん}} {{ja-pron|じんかん|acc=0}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[にんげん]]|[[じんかん]]|kyu=人閒}}[[Category:日中で意味が大きく異なる漢語]][[Category:日越で意味が大きく異なる漢語]] # （にんげん）{{context|biology|lang=ja}}立って歩き、[[ことば|言葉]]や[[ひ|火]]や[[道具]]を使う事などによって、[[万物]]の[[霊長]]とされるところの[[ヒト]]。[[w:ホモ・サピエンス|ホモ・サピエンス]]〔他の動物と区別する場合〕。 #*「何と見申せど更に'''人間'''とは見えず候。如何なる者ぞ名を名乗り候へ」（世阿弥『鵺』） #*「きゃつは'''人間'''では有まひ」（狂言『蚊相撲』） ## 普通の人。万能でないもの。感情を持った卑俗な存在。 ##* 「男も'''人間'''だし女も'''人間'''だ、ばかなことをしたり思わぬ羽目を外したり、そのために泣いたり苦しんだりするのが、'''人間'''の'''人間'''らしいところじゃあないだろうか、」（山本周五郎『五瓣の椿』［1949］） ## 良識ある道徳的な人。 ##* 人間として許されないことをしてしまった。 # （にんげん）[[性格]]、[[人格]]、[[人柄]]。 #*「五年後にもう一度会ひ直さう。少しは'''人間'''ができてるかも知れん。」（岸田國士『屋上庭園』［1926］） # （にんげん・じんかん）[[世間]]、人の住む[[世界]]、[[現世]]。 <!--#:「[[人間到る処青山あり]]」--> #*「就中仏法流布の世に生まれて、仏法修行の心ざしあれば、後生善生疑あるべからず。'''人間'''（ニンゲン、高良本フリガナ）のあだなるならひは、今更おどろくべきにはあらねど、御有様見奉るにあまりにせんかたなうこそ候へ」（『平家物語』灌頂・六道之沙汰） #*「子嬰はまた項羽に殺され玉ひしかば、神陵三月の火、いたづらに九重の雲を焦がし、泉下多少の宝玉、忽ちに'''人間'''（じんかん）の塵となりにけり。」（子嬰はまた項羽に殺されなさったので、神陵に放たれた日は3か月燃え続け、むなしく空の雲を焦がし、墓の下の多くの宝玉は世間の塵となった。太平記26） ===={{comp}}==== * [[人間界]] * [[人間関係]] * [[人間ぎらい]] * [[人間魚雷]] * [[人間くさい]] * [[人間工学]] * [[人間性]] * [[人間的]] * [[人間味]] * [[人間模様]] * [[人間らしい]] * [[人間わざ]] * [[会社人間]] * [[仕事人間]] * [[植物人間]] * [[透明人間]] * [[人間到る処青山あり]] ===={{syn}}==== *（語義1）[[人類]]、[[ひと]]、[[パーソン]] *（語義2）[[人柄]]、[[人格]] *（語義3）[[世間]]、[[人界]]、[[人間界]]、[[人道]]（にんどう）、[[人間道]]、[[人趣]]、[[人間趣]]、[[人世]]、[[人間世]]、[[人寰]]、[[天下]] ===={{ant}}==== *（語義1）[[動物]] *（語義3）[[天上]] ===={{trans}}==== {{trans-top|ホモ・サピエンスの個体}} *{{T|is}}: {{t|is|manneskja|f}}, {{t|is|maður|m}} *{{T|ga}}: {{t|ga|duine|m}} *{{T|az}}: {{t|az|insan}} *{{T|af}}: {{t|af|mens}} *{{T|ar}}: {{t|ar|إنسان|m|tr='insaan}} *{{T|sq}}: {{t|sq|njeri}} *{{T|hy}}: {{t|hy|մարդ|tr=mard}} *{{T|it}}: {{t|it|umano|m}}, {{t|it|umana|f}}, {{t|it|essere umano}} *{{T|id}}: {{t|id|orang}} *{{T|uk}}: {{t|uk|людина|f|tr=ljudýna}} *{{T|ur}}: {{t|ur|آدمی|m|tr=ādmī}}, {{t|ur|اِنْسان|m}} *{{T|en}}: {{t|en|human being}}、{{t|en|man}} *{{T|ee}}: {{tø|ee|ame}}, {{tø|ee|amegbetɔ}} *{{T|eo}}: {{t|eo|homo}}, {{t-|eo|ulo}} *{{T|nl}}: {{t|nl|mens}} *{{T|ca}}: {{t|ca|humà|m}}, {{t-|ca|humana|f}} *{{T|el}}: {{t|el|άνθρωπος|m}} *{{T|ku}}: *:{{T|kmr}}: {{t|kmr|mirov}} *:{{T|ckb}}: {{t|ckb|مرۆڤ}} *{{T|cu}}: {{tø|cu|чловѣкъ|m|tr=člověkŭ|sc=Cyrs}} *{{T|cop}}: {{tø|cop|ⲣⲱⲙⲉ|tr=rōme|sc=Copt}} *{{T|sd}}: {{t|sd|اِنساَنُ|tr=insānu}} *{{T|sv}}: {{t|sv|människa|c}}, {{t|sv|mänsklighet|c}} *{{T|zu}}: {{t|zu|umuntu}} *{{T|gd}}: {{t-|gd|duine|m}}、 {{t-|gd|daonna}} *{{T|es}}: {{t|es|gente|f}}, {{t|es|hombre|m}}, {{t|es|ser humano|m}}, {{t-|es|humana|f}} *{{T|sk}}: {{t-|sk|človek|m}} *{{T|sl}}: {{t|sl|človek|m}} *{{T|sh}}: {{t|sh|čovjek}} *{{T|st}}: {{t|st|motho}} *{{T|th}}: {{t|th|มนุษย์|tr=má-nút}} *{{T|cs}}: {{t|cs|člověk|m}} {{s}}, {{t|cs|lidé|m}} {{p}}; 〈人間的な〉 {{t|cs|lidský|m}} *{{T|zh}}: {{t|zh|人|tr=rén}}, {{t|zh|人類}} / {{t|zh|人类|tr=rénlèi}} *{{T|ko}}: {{t|ko|사람}}, {{t|ko|인류(人類)}}, {{t|ko|인간(人間)}} *{{T|tzo}}: {{tø|tzo|krixchano}}, {{tø|tzo|vinik}} *{{T|da}}: {{t|da|menneske|n}} *{{T|de}}: (1) {{t|de|Mensch|m}}, {{t|de|Menschheit|f}}; (2) {{t|de|Mensch}} {{m}}, {{t|de|Wesen|n}}, {{t|de|Charakter|m}}; (3) {{t|de|Umgebung|f}}, {{t|de|Umfeld|n}}, {{t|de|Umwelt|f}} *{{T|tok}}: {{t|tok|jan}} *{{T|tr}}: {{t|tr|insan}} *{{T|fy}}: {{t|fy|minske|c}} *{{T|no}}: {{t|no|menneske|n}} *{{T|ps}}: {{t|ps|انسان|tr=insān}} *{{T|eu}}: {{t|eu|gizon}}, {{t|eu|gizaki}} *{{T|hu}}: {{t|hu|ember}} *{{T|hi}}: {{t-|hi|आदमी|m|tr=ādmī}}, {{t|hi|इंसान|m}} *{{T|fi}}: {{t|fi|ihminen}}, {{t|fi|inhimillinen}} (形容詞), {{t-|fi|ihmis-}} *{{T|fr}}: {{t|fr|homme|m}}, {{t|fr|être humain|m}}, {{t|fr|humain|m}} *{{T|bg}}: {{t|bg|човек|m}} *{{T|vi}}: {{t|vi|người}} *{{T|be}}: {{t|be|чалавек|m}} *{{T|fa}}: {{t|fa|اِنسان|tr=ensân}} *{{T|pl}}: {{t|pl|człowiek|m}}, {{t|pl|osoba|f}} *{{T|pt}}: {{t|pt|humano}} *{{T|mk}}: {{t-|mk|човек|m|tr=čóvek}}, {{t|mk|човечки|m}} *{{T|mas}}: {{tø|mas|tung'ani|alt=oltung'ani|m}} *{{T|chm}}: {{tø|chm|айдеме}} *{{T|mt}}: {{t|ml|മനുഷ്യന്‍|sc=Mlym}} *{{T|mn}}: {{t|mn|хүн}} *{{T|lv}}: {{t|lv|cilvēks|m}} *{{T|lt}}: {{t|lt|žmogùs|m}}, {{t|lt|asmuõ|m}} *{{T|ro}}: {{t|ro|om|m}} *{{T|rw}}: {{t-|rw|umuntu}} *{{T|ru}}: {{t|ru|человек|m}}, {{t|ru|человеческий}} *{{T|rhg}}: {{tø|rhg|manúic}} *{{T|rom}}: {{tø|rom|manush}} {{trans-bottom}} [[Category:日本語の基本語彙]] =={{L|zh}}== ==={{alter}}=== *{{l|zh|人閒}} ==={{pron}}=== {{cmn-pron|rénjiān|a=Zh-rénjian.ogg}} {{yue-pron|jan4 gaan1|a=LL-Q9186-Luilui6666-人间.wav}} {{nan-pron|zz,kh:jîn-kan/xm,qz,tp:lîn-kan|t=nang5 gang1}} *{{hak-pron|ngìn-kiên / ngìn-kiân|h=ngin gienˋ}} {{wuu-pron|sh:6zen ci}} *{{ltc}}: ȵiɪn kˠɛn *{{och}}: *: '''白一平-サガール''': *ni[ŋ] kˤre[n] *: '''鄭張''': *njin kreːn ==={{noun}}=== {{zhchars|s=人间}} #この{{ふりがな|世|よ}}、[[現世]]。 {{zh-cat|ren2jian1|noun}} {{yue-cat|yan4gaan1|noun}} {{nan-cat|jin5kan1|noun}} {{nan-tws-cat|nang5gang1|noun}} {{hak-cat|ngin2kien1|noun}} {{wuu-cat|zen3ci1|noun}} {{ltc-cat|niin1ken1|noun}} {{och-cat|njinkren|noun}} ==={{desc}}=== {{CJKV||j=にんげん|人間|인간|nhân gian}} =={{L|ko}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ko-head|noun|인간}}[[Category:中朝で意味が大きく異なる漢語]][[Category:朝越で意味が大きく異なる漢語]] #（日本語に同じ）人間。 =={{L|vi}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{vi-head|noun|nhân|gian}} #[[世間]]。 stwg3i3j61qu7l7cfpauov73wj6x5wo 0 60780 2292877 2221876 2026-07-04T00:45:52Z うーむ 129171 /* 日本語 */ 2292877 wikitext text/x-wiki {{DEFAULTSORT:ふよう ふよう 附庸}} {{also|付庸}} =={{ja}}== [[Category:{{ja}}]] ==={{noun}}=== [[Category:{{ja}} {{noun}}]] '''[[附]] [[庸]]''' ([[ふよう]]) # [[宗主国]]の[[従属]]としてその[[支配]]を[[うける|受けている]][[くに|国]]。 ===={{rel}}==== * {{syn}}: [[属国]], [[従属国]], [[属邦]] ===={{trans}}==== *[[{{en}}]]: {{t+|en|dependency}} [[en:附庸]] [[zh:附庸]] 0e8qqiw1035pr9fmwwq3k3ggngvq0xd 0 73257 2292628 1921569 2026-07-03T17:46:52Z Jiba1219 100610 2292628 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|むいとしょく}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|むいとしょく|kyu=無爲徒食|head=[[無為]] [[徒食]]}} #[[他人]]の[[役に立つ]]ような[[しごと|仕事]]もせず、[[めし|飯]]を[[くう|食う]]ばかりであること。 #*[[煙草]]は[[ひ|日]]に八十本、[[病院]]も[[やめる|やめ]]て[[しまう|しまい]]、[[毎日]][[ぶらぶら]]して、[[みずすまし|水すまし]]のように[[空虚]]な'''無為徒食'''の生活を[[はじめる|はじめ]]た（[[w:織田作之助|織田作之助]]『夜光虫』） ===={{pron}}==== '''む↘いと↗しょく''' ===={{syn}}==== *[[座食]] ==={{verb}}=== #他人の役に立つような仕事もせず、飯を食うばかりの[[生活]]をする。 #*[[およそ|凡そ]]'''無為徒食'''して[[他]]の[[功労]]を[[うばう|奪う]][[もの|者]]は[[重罪]][[者]][[たり|たる]][[べし|べき]][[こと|事]]、神則人法[[ともに|共に]][[しる|知る]][[ところ]][[なり]]。（[[w:夢野久作|夢野久作]]『鼻の表現』） ===={{conjug}}==== {{日本語サ変活用}} ===={{syn}}==== *[[無駄飯を食う]] *[[あそびくらす|遊び暮らす]] oq4xvjm2xw484ob9qs50wutibrriffp 0 77257 2292631 1579052 2026-07-03T17:55:27Z Jiba1219 100610 2292631 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|zh}}== ==={{pron}}=== {{cmn-pron|qiānxū|a=Zh-qianxu.ogg|z=n}} {{yue-pron|him1 heoi1|h=n}} {{nan-pron|qz:khiam-hir/xm:khiam-hu/zz:khiam-hi|t=kiam1 he1}} {{cpx-pron|pt,xy:kieng1 hy1}} {{hak-pron|khiâm-hî|h=kiamˋ hiˋ}} {{wuu-pron|sh:1chi shiu}} ==={{adjective}}=== {{zhchars|t=謙虛}} #[[謙虚]]な。 ==={{verb}}=== {{zhchars|t=謙虛}} #[[謙遜]]する。 {{zh-cat|qian1xu1|形容詞|動詞|hsk=丙|hsk2=5}} {{yue-cat|him1heui1|形容詞|動詞}} {{nan-cat|khiam1hu1|形容詞|動詞}} {{nan-tws-cat|kiam1he1|形容詞|動詞}} {{cpx-cat|kieng1hy1|形容詞|動詞}} {{hak-cat|khiam1hi1|形容詞|動詞}} {{wuu-cat|chie1shiu1|形容詞|動詞}} 14702wdlkbn77jkijy2smd21epwg3w4 0 77258 2292632 2213777 2026-07-03T17:55:31Z Jiba1219 100610 2292632 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|けんきょ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{kyujitai}}=== {{ja-kyujitai|けんきょ}} #{{kyujitai of|謙虚}} =={{L|zh}}== ==={{pron}}=== {{cmn-pron|qiānxū|a=Zh-qianxu.ogg}} {{yue-pron|him1 heoi1}} {{nan-pron|qz:khiam-hir/xm,twv:khiam-hu/tw,zz:khiam-hi|t=kiam1 he1}} {{cpx-pron|pt,xy:kieng1 hy1}} {{hak-pron|khiâm-hî|h=kiamˋ hiˋ}} {{wuu-pron|sh:1chi shiu}} ==={{adjective}}=== {{zhchars|s=谦虚}} #[[謙虚]]な。 ==={{verb}}=== {{zhchars|s=谦虚}} #[[謙遜]]する。 {{zh-cat|qian1xu1|形容詞|動詞}} {{yue-cat|him1heui1|形容詞|動詞}} {{nan-cat|khiam1hu1|形容詞|動詞}} {{nan-tws-cat|kiam1he1|形容詞|動詞}} {{cpx-cat|kieng1hy1|形容詞|動詞}} {{hak-cat|khiam1hi1|形容詞|動詞}} {{wuu-cat|chie1shiu1|形容詞|動詞}} =={{L|ko}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ko-head|noun|겸허}} #[[謙虚]]。 4njtkogs6cxy3bmdofy9pua56p2p6gw 0 99725 2292524 1820005 2026-07-03T12:18:11Z ふゆくれ 95641 2292524 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ko}}== ==={{pron}}=== {{ko-IPA}} ==={{noun}}=== {{head|ko|noun}} {{ko-h|全|面|hom=y}} #[[全面]]。 {{ko-h|前|面}} #[[前面]]。 {{ko-h|轉|眄}} #[[転眄]]。 {{ko-h|轉|免}} #[[転免]]。 {{ko-h|纏|綿}} #[[纏綿]]。 {{ko-h|展|綿}} #[[]]。 {{stub|ko}} 49qugxt8oxgagfwviqs2nd2jtext0yb 0 118044 2292708 1858100 2026-07-03T20:16:19Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292708 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|oc}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|pro|oc}} {{m|pro|punir}} < {{etyl|la|oc}} {{m|la|pūnīre}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{音声|oc|LL-Q14185 (oci)-Davidgrosclaude-punir.wav|音声}} ==={{verb}}=== {{oc-verb|pun|ir}} #[[罰する]]。 ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|oc|castigar}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|oc|punicion}} ---- =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|roa-oca|ca}} {{m|roa-oca|punir}} < {{etyl|la|ca}} {{m|la|pūnīre}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA|punir}} * {{音声|ca|LL-Q7026 (cat)-Unjoanqualsevol-punir.wav|音声}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ir|pun}} #{{context|transitive|lang=ca}}[[罰する]]。 {{ca-conj-ir|pun}} ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|ca|castigar}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|ca|impune}} * {{l|ca|punible}} * {{l|ca|punició}} * {{l|ca|punitiu}} ---- =={{L|gl}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|gl}} {{m|la|pūnīre}} ==={{verb}}=== {{gl-verb|pun|ir}} #{{context|transitive|lang=gl}}[[罰する]]。 {{gl-conj-ir|pun}} ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|gl|castigar}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|gl|punición}} ---- =={{L|fro}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|fro}} {{m|la|pūnīre}} ==={{verb}}=== {{head|fro|verb}} #[[罰する]]。 ===={{conjugation}}==== {{fro-conj-ii|pun}} ===={{desc}}==== * {{desc|en|punish|bor=1}} * {{desc|frm|punir}} ** {{desc|fr|punir}} ---- =={{L|pro}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|pro}} {{m|la|pūnīre}} ==={{verb}}=== {{head|pro|verb}} #[[罰する]]。 ===={{desc}}==== * {{desc|oc|punir}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|es|la|pūnīre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|pun|ir}} #{{context|transitive|lang=es}}[[罰する]]。 {{es-conj-ir|pun}} ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|es|castigar}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|es|punible}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|punición}} ---- =={{L|frm}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|fro|frm}} {{m|fro|punir}} < {{etyl|la|frm}} {{m|la|pūnīre}} ==={{verb}}=== {{head|frm|verb}} #[[罰する]]。 ===={{desc}}==== * {{desc|fr|punir}} ---- =={{L|fr}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|frm|fr}} {{m|frm|punir}} < {{etyl|fro|fr}} {{m|fro|punir}} < {{etyl|la|fr}} {{m|la|pūnīre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{fr-IPA}} * {{X-SAMPA|py.niR}} [[File:Fr-punir.ogg]] ==={{verb}}=== {{fr-verb}} #[[罰する]]。 ===={{conjugation}}==== {{fr-conj-auto}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|fr|punition}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|pt}} {{m|la|pūnīre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA}} * {{hyph|pt|pu|nir}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|pun|ir}} #{{context|transitive|lang=pt}}[[罰する]]。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|punição}} k51mqsbhr9qp9og00uoqqrl8n1zdlvj 0 123801 2292673 2080441 2026-07-03T20:06:49Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292673 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{en}}== ==={{adjective}}=== {{en-adj|-}} #{{context|grammar|lang=en}}[[コピュラ]]の。[[繫辞]]の。 ---- =={{ca}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|copul}} #[[交尾]]する。[[性交]]する。 {{ca-conj-ar|copul}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|ca|còpula}} ---- =={{es}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|copul|ar}} #[[交尾]]する。[[性交]]する。 {{es-conj-ar|copul}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|cópula}} ---- =={{pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|copul|ar}} #[[交尾]]する。[[性交]]する。 #{{おくりがな2|結|むす|ぶ|むすぶ}}。{{おくりがな2|繫|つな|ぐ|つなぐ}}。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{syn}}==== * (語義1) {{l|pt|transar}}, {{l|pt|traçar}} * (語義2) {{l|pt|conectar}}, {{l|pt|juntar}}, {{l|pt|ligar}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|cópula}} 6m0s8003v00nunshprlgjgzsplf6pm6 0 126371 2292659 1797144 2026-07-03T20:02:19Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292659 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|oc}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|oc}} {{m|la|administrāre}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{音声|oc|LL-Q14185 (oci)-Davidgrosclaude-administrar.wav|音声}} ==={{verb}}=== {{oc-verb|administr|ar}} #[[管理]]する、[[運営]]する、{{おくりがな2|治|おさ|める|おさめる}}。 {{oc-conj-ar|administr}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|oc|administracion}} ---- =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|ca}} {{m|la|administrāre}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} * {{音声|ca|LL-Q7026 (cat)-Marvives-administrar.wav|音声 (バルセロナ)}} * {{homophones|lang=ca|administrà}} * {{rhymes|a(ɾ)|s=4}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|administr}} #{{context|transitive|lang=ca}}[[管理]]する、[[運営]]する、{{おくりがな2|治|おさ|める|おさめる}}。 {{ca-conj-ar|administr}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|ca|administració}} * {{l|ca|administrador}} * {{l|ca|administratiu}} ---- =={{L|gl}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|gl}} {{m|la|administrāre}} ==={{verb}}=== {{gl-verb|administr|ar}} #[[管理]]する、[[運営]]する、{{おくりがな2|治|おさ|める|おさめる}}。 {{gl-conj-ar|administr}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|gl|administración}} * {{l|gl|administrador}} * {{l|gl|administrativo}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|es}} {{m|la|administrāre}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{es-IPA}} * {{音声|es|LL-Q1321 (spa)-AdrianAbdulBaha-administrar.wav|音声 (コロンビア)}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|administr|ar}} #[[管理]]する、[[運営]]する、{{おくりがな2|治|おさ|める|おさめる}}。 {{es-conj-ar|administr}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|es|autoadministrarse}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|administración}} * {{l|es|administrador}} * {{l|es|administrativo}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|pt}} {{m|la|administrāre}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #[[管理]]する、[[運営]]する、{{おくりがな2|治|おさ|める|おさめる}}。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|administração}} * {{l|pt|administrador}} * {{l|pt|administrativo}} 4voqk2u6qskb7ppfpmvy6zfcdq32htp 0 129655 2292698 2241215 2026-07-03T20:14:35Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292698 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|oc}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|oc}} {{m|la|dētermināre}} ==={{verb}}=== {{oc-verb|determin|ar}} #[[決定]]する、[[確定]]させる。 {{oc-conj-ar|determin}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|oc|determinacion}} ---- =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|ca}} {{m|la|dētermināre}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{IPA|lang=ca|dətəɾmi'na}} * {{rhymes|a(ɾ)|lang=ca}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|determin}} #[[決定]]する、[[確定]]させる。 {{ca-conj-ar|determin}} ---- =={{L|gl}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|gl}} {{m|la|dētermināre}} ==={{verb}}=== {{head|glg|verb}} #[[決定]]する、[[確定]]させる。 {{gl-conj-ar|determin}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|es}} {{m|la|dētermināre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} * {{hyphenation|de|ter|mi|nar}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|determin|ar}} #[[決定]]する、[[確定]]させる。 {{es-conj-ar|determin}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|es|predeterminar}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|determinación}} ---- =={{L|bcl}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|bcl|es|determinar}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{hyph|bcl|de|ter|mi|nar}} * {{bcl-IPA|determinár}} ==={{verb}}=== {{head|bcl|verb}} #[[決定]]する、[[確定]]させる。 ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|bcl|mangno}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|bcl|magdeterminar}} * {{l|bcl|determinaron}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|bcl|determinasiyon}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|pt|la|dētermināre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA}} * {{hyphenation|de|ter|mi|nar}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #[[決定]]する、[[確定]]させる。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|determinação}} 853yulhhmtoidofcdjp2qlw43weyzmj 0 138065 2292767 2243736 2026-07-03T21:05:34Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292767 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{head|por|verb}} [[Category:{{pt}}_物理学]] [[Category:{{pt}}_化学]] #{{context|transitive|lang=pt}}[[液化]]する ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} pt722qa4zg6u635z38wvbz2tgz0ltn0 0 141333 2292643 1925369 2026-07-03T18:31:20Z Jiba1219 100610 2292643 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} =={{L|ja}}== [[File:Kaiohmaru.JPG|thumb|right|200px|帆柱]] ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|acc=2}} ==={{noun}}=== {{head|ja|noun}}【[[帆]][[柱]] / [[檣]]】 #{{context|nautical|lang=ja}}[[ふね|船]]に[[たてる|立て]]て[[ほ|帆]]を[[かける|掛ける]][[はしら|柱]]<ref>{{書誌・大日本国語辞典|4|831|368}}</ref>。[[マスト]]。 #*[[この]][[ふね|船]]は、[[おおきさ|大きさ]]八百[[トン]]の[[w:シップ (帆船)|シップ]]型で、[[甲板]][[から]]、[[そら|空]][[たかい|高く]][[つきたつ|つき立っ]]た、三本の[[ふとい|太い]]'''帆柱'''[[には]]、五本[[ずつ]]の[[ながい|長い]][[ほげた|帆桁]]が、[[とりつける|とりつけ]]てあった。（{{w|須川邦彦}}『[http://www.aozora.gr.jp/cards/001120/files/42767_15618.html 無人島に生きる十六人]』） ===={{rel}}==== *{{comp}}: [[ほばしらだち|帆柱立ち]] ===={{trans}}==== {{trans-top|帆を掛ける柱}} *{{T|is}}<!--* Icelandic-->: {{t|is|mastur|n}}, {{t|is|siglutré|n}} *{{T|hy}}<!--* Armenian-->: {{t|hy|կայմ|tr=kaym}} *{{T|it}}<!--* Italian-->: {{t|it|albero}} *{{T|vo}}<!--* Volapük-->: {{t|vo|maat}} *{{T|uk}}<!--* Ukrainian-->: {{t|uk|щогла|f|tr=ščóhla|sc=Cyrl}}, {{t|uk|мачта|f|tr=máčta|sc=Cyrl}} *{{T|en}}<!--* English-->: {{t|en|mast}} *{{T|eo}}<!--* Esperanto-->: {{t|eo|masto}} *{{T|nl}}<!--* Dutch-->: {{t|nl|mast|m}} *{{T|ca}}<!--* Catalan-->: {{t|ca|pal|m}} *{{T|el}}<!--* Greek-->: {{t|el|κατάρτι|n}} *{{T|kl}}<!--* Greenlandic-->: {{t|kl|napparut}} *{{T|ka}}<!--* Georgian-->: {{t|ka|ანძა|tr=anja|sc=Geor}} *{{T|sm}}<!--* Samoan-->: {{t|sm|fanā}} *{{T|sv}}<!--* Swedish-->: {{t|sv|mast|c}} *{{T|es}}<!--* Spanish-->: {{t|es|mástil|m}} *{{T|sk}}<!--* Slovak-->: {{t|sk|sťažeň|m}}, {{t|sk|stožiar|m}} *{{T|sl}}<!--* Slovene-->: {{t|sl|jambor|m}} *{{T|sh}}<!--* Serbo-Croatian-->: *:キリル文字<!--* Cyrillic-->: {{t|sh|јарбол|m|sc=Cyrl}} *:ラテン文字<!--* Roman-->: {{t|sh|jarbol|m|sc=Latn}} *{{T|cs}}<!--* Czech-->: {{t|cs|stěžeň|m}} *{{T|zh}}<!--* Chinese-->: *:{{T|cmn}}<!--* Mandarin-->: {{t|cmn|桅|tr=wéi|sc=Hani}}, {{t|cmn|桅桿|sc=Hani}}, {{t|cmn|桅杆|tr=wéigān|sc=Hani}} *{{T|da}}<!--* Danish-->: {{t|da|mast|c}} *{{T|de}}<!--* German-->: {{t|de|Mast|m}} *{{T|nrf}}<!--* Norman-->: {{t|nrf|mât|m}} *{{T|eu}}<!--* Basque-->: {{t|eu|haga}} *{{T|hu}}<!--* Hungarian-->: {{t|hu|árboc}} *{{T|fi}}<!--* Finnish-->: {{t|fi|masto}} *{{T|fo}}<!--* Faroese-->: {{t|fo|mastur|f}} *{{T|fr}}<!--* French-->: {{t|fr|mât|m}} *{{T|bg}}<!--* Bulgarian-->: {{t|bg|мачта|f|tr=máčta|sc=Cyrl}} *{{T|br}}<!--* Breton-->: {{t|br|gwern|f}} *{{T|vi}}<!--* Vietnamese-->: {{t|vi|cột buồm}} *{{T|be}}<!--* Belarusian-->: {{t|be|мачта|f|tr=máčta|sc=Cyrl}}, {{t|be|шчогла|f|tr=ščóhla|sc=Cyrl}} *{{T|fa}}<!--* Persian-->: {{t|fa|دکل|tr=dakal|sc=fa-Arab}} *{{T|pl}}<!--* Polish-->: {{t|pl|maszt}} *{{T|pt}}<!--* Portuguese-->: {{t|pt|mastro}} *{{T|mi}}<!--* Maori-->: {{t|mi|tiratū}} *{{T|mk}}<!--* Macedonian-->: {{t|mk|јарбол|m|tr=járbol}}, {{t|mk|катарка|f|tr=kátarka}} *{{T|la}}<!--* Latin-->: {{t|la|malus|m}} *{{T|ro}}<!--* Romanian-->: {{t|ro|catarg}}, {{t|ro|arbore}} *{{T|ru}}<!--* Russian-->: {{t|ru|мачта|f|tr=máčta}} {{trans-bottom}} ==脚注== <references/> 3nsf3nd1rxpi0x1elsvqe0x2eso59e0 0 146111 2292681 2246868 2026-07-03T20:09:47Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292681 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{head|por|verb}} #[[体裁]]を{{おくりがな2|整|ととの|える|ととのえる}} #{{context|computing|lang=pt}}（ディスクを）[[初期化]]する ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} 5qy44jtc6rnm91zkgs58s3exscpysb3 0 146779 2292749 2247038 2026-07-03T20:59:22Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292749 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{io}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{io-verb|inform}} #{{おくりがな2|知|し|らせる|しらせる}}、[[通知]]する ---- =={{ia}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{ia-verb|ar}} #{{おくりがな2|知|し|らせる|しらせる}}、[[通知]]する {{ia-conj|inform|ar}} ---- =={{pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|lat|por}} ''[[informare|īnfōrmāre]]'' ==={{verb}}=== {{head|por|verb}} #{{おくりがな2|知|し|らせる|しらせる}}、[[通知]]する ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ---- =={{es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|lat|spa}} ''[[informare|īnfōrmāre]]'' ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|inform|ar}} #{{context|transitive|lang=es}}{{おくりがな2|知|し|らせる|しらせる}}、[[通知]]する #{{context|reflexive|lang=es}}{{おくりがな2|調|しら|べる|しらべる}}（[[informarse]]を参照） {{es-conj-ar|inform}} ===={{rel}}==== * [[información]] * [[informante]] * [[informarse]] * [[informativo]] * [[informe]] ===={{seealso}}==== * [[enterar]] * [[reportar]] 25oj9i2xt47tns014t5p48tcc23ezya 0 147519 2292963 1623396 2026-07-04T11:36:07Z 鍼灸 112313 2292963 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ひこうかい}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|ひこうかい|acc=2}} {{ja-accent-common|region=京阪|n|ひ|こ|ーかい}} ==={{etym}}=== {{affix|ja|非-|公開}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|ひこうかい}} #[[一般]]の人には公開しないこと。 ===={{syn}}==== *[[未公開]] =={{L|ko}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ko-head|noun|비공개}} #（日本語に同じ）非公開。 119i4pdi43c8wrfv1xjxjog1m1blknu 0 149650 2292734 2247495 2026-07-03T20:52:36Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292734 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== ''[[espelho]]'' + ''[[-ar]]'' ==={{verb}}=== {{head|por|verb}} #{{context|transitive|lang=pt}}{{おくりがな2|映|うつ|す|うつす}} ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} rs3j81tau66dk1wgo3q11ackplk5kv6 0 150026 2292675 2268159 2026-07-03T20:06:50Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292675 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ia}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{ia-verb|ar}} #[[熟考]]する。 =={{L|ca}}== ==={{pron}}=== * {{rhymes|lang=ca|a(ɾ)}} ==={{verb}}=== {{head|ca|verb}} #[[熟考]]する。 {{ca-conj-ar|contempl}} ===={{rel}}==== * [[contemplació]] =={{L|es}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|contempl|ar}} #[[熟考]]する。 {{es-conj-ar|contempl}} =={{L|pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{head|pt|verb}} #{{タグ|pt|他動詞}}[[注視]]する。 #[[熟考]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} njbr36skepxg0wsdokktbcv1mu7fk9v 0 150101 2292952 1925556 2026-07-04T11:22:56Z うーむ 129171 /* 同音異義語 */ 2292952 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} {{also|ふく}} =={{L|ja}}== {{wikipedia|フグ}} ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|acc=1}} {{ja-accent-common|region=京阪|o|ふ|ぐ}} ==={{noun}}=== [[File:Fugu.Tsukiji.CR.jpg|thumb|right|河豚。画像はトラフグ]] {{ja-noun|河豚|鰒|鮐|魨|鯸|鯺|鮭}} #{{context|fish|冬|lang=ja}}フグ目フグ科に属する魚の総称。[[学名]]:[[Tetraodontidae]]。別名、[[ふく]]。 #*[[老母]][[あり]][[われ]]'''河豚'''[[くふ|食ふ]]と[[いふ]]{{おくりがな2|勿|なか|れ|なかれ}}（{{w|寒川鼠骨}}『新俳句』） ===={{rel}}==== *[[鉄刺]] *[[鉄ちり]] *[[河豚汁]] ===={{trans}}==== *{{T|en}}: [[blowfish]], [[fugu]], [[globefish]] ==={{homonym}}=== {{head|ja|同音異義}} *【[[不虞]]】[[予想]]もしない[[できごと|出来事]]。 *【[[不具]]】[[不備]]。 *【[[報虞]]】虞の祭を繰り上げて行うこと。 9epnzexue1m1qvtbipw5tylxbctfr3a 0 158000 2292728 1618668 2026-07-03T20:52:34Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292728 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ca}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|express}} #[[表現]]する。{{おくりがな2|表|あらわ|す|あらわす}}。 {{ca-conj-ar|express}} ===={{rel}}==== * [[expressió]] * [[expressiu]] ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|express|ar}} #{{context|transitive|lang=pt}}[[表現]]する。{{おくりがな2|表|あらわ|す|あらわす}}。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj|<short_pp:expresso>}} ===={{syn}}==== * [[exprimir]], [[comunicar]] ===={{rel}}==== * [[espremer]] rhktq0y64ltiyrrehep1tkx3j8c1ymx 0 158014 2292727 2248782 2026-07-03T20:52:34Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292727 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{ca}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{head|cat|verb}} #{{おくりがな3|追|お|い|出|だ|す|おいだす}}。[[追放]]する。 #{{おくりがな3|吐|は|き|出|だ|す|はきだす}}。 #{{context|sports|lang=ca}}[[退場]]させる。 {{ca-conj-ar|expuls}} ===={{stn}}==== *(語義2): [[expel·lir]] ===={{rel}}==== * [[expulsió]] * [[expulsiu]] ---- =={{pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|expuls|ar}} #{{おくりがな3|追|お|い|出|だ|す|おいだす}}。[[追放]]する。 #{{context|sports|lang=pt}}[[退場]]させる。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj|<short_pp:expulso>}} ---- =={{es}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|expuls|ar}} #{{おくりがな3|追|お|い|出|だ|す|おいだす}}。[[追放]]する。 {{es-conj-ar|expuls}} bt59n900v7brq87d46m72mrzkytclqs 0 159464 2292732 1525183 2026-07-03T20:52:35Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292732 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|evad|ir}} #{{context|transitive|lang=pt}}{{おくりがな2|避|さ|ける|さける}}。{{おくりがな2|逃|のが|れる|のがれる}}。[[回避]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ---- =={{es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|lat|spa}} ''[[evadere]]'' ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|evad|ir}} #{{おくりがな2|避|さ|ける|さける}}。{{おくりがな2|逃|のが|れる|のがれる}}。[[回避]]する。 {{es-conj-ir|evad}} bmn1hroimbijxhvrmu8vhiopfgdahfj 0 167058 2292763 2249774 2026-07-03T21:01:22Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292763 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{sv}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{head|swe|verb form}} #[[minera]]の現在形。 ---- =={{pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|miner|ar}} #{{context|transitive|lang=pt}}[[採掘]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} 38lq39k471335erlmmi6gbu51edqxli 0 168674 2292665 1563686 2026-07-03T20:05:16Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292665 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|es}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|conjetur|ar}} #[[推測]]する。[[憶測]]する。 {{es-conj-ar|conjetur}} ===={{syn}}==== * [[adivinar]] ===={{rel}}==== * [[conjetura]] {{f}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{alter}}=== * [[conjecturar]] ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|conjetur|ar}} #{{label|pt|formal}}[[推測]]する。[[憶測]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} b4hemfj2v6oudi9z7qngbjobpokyipp 0 168725 2292668 1526100 2026-07-03T20:05:17Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292668 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|lat|por}} ''[[cogitare|cōgitāre]]'' ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|cogit|ar}} #{{context|transitive|lang=pt}}{{おくりがな2|考|かんが|える|かんがえる}}。[[熟考]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} 3ptctzkubwz9q4ytnnbjmbjpl8yp6nv 0 169063 2292765 1447101 2026-07-03T21:01:23Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292765 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{io}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{suffix+|magneto|izar|lang=io}} ==={{verb}}=== {{io-verb|magnetiz}} [[Category:{{io}}_物理学]] #{{context|transitive|lang=io}}[[磁化]]する。 ---- =={{pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|magnetiz|ar}} [[Category:{{pt}}_物理学]] #[[磁化]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} djk69oawduw2xev45dxt2voblxvg30t 828 169753 2292870 2281607 2026-07-04T00:37:39Z Kuroco2k 84207 整理 2292870 Scribunto text/plain return { "半分詞", "副分詞", "연", "정", "경", "호", "çıkma", "yönelme", "yalın", "bulunma", "ver-", "포", "적", "진", "인", "제", "모", "교", "노", "리", "als", "우", "려", "a-", "복", "박", "순", "간", "擬受動形", "준", "lý", "tinh", "l'", "cum", "công", "chính", "述格", "m'", "語尾形", "-ion", "내", "체", "척", "현", "석", "toi", "s'", "야", "봉", "취", "t'", "보", "재", "ポリトニック", "당", "ハーチェク", "tư", "j'", "eux", "류", "료", "규", "묘", "련", "작", "효", "キャロン", "nguyên", "번", "wenn", "thiên", "坻", "근", "訓読文", "姊", "Sache", "함", "찬", "-an", "-in", "-or", "eintal", "어", "벽", "망", "임", "총", "루", "빈", "완", "채", "괴", "-ium", "라", "định", "忧", "lợi", "tiêu", "khí", "セディーユ", "条件法", "-ish", "mais", "dir", "an-", "누", "hành", "cách", "トレマ", "扭", "Satz", "格変化", "囱", "hội", "극", "su-", "민", "夆", "阸", "합", "곤", "er-", "月文字", "奋", "tử", "phong", "phát", "니", "啍", "địa", "厝", "gan", "chế", "扯", "giải", "ブレーヴェ", "kỳ", "gay", "洁", "외", "甁", "훈", "玆", "thể", "solo", "Staat", "蔞", "鞼", "詇", "烘", "猇", "嶸", "嘐", "嬭", "농", "섭", "린", "拄", "dat", "覷", "虓", "嫚", "嫈", "妯", "垺", "蒦", "pa-", "殸", "람", "랑", "鎣", "Boden", "급", "혼", "帕", "袜", "略本暦", "mistress", "pop", "嘈", "挖", "衅", "胰", "cage", "색", "戇", "掐", "偎", "pháp", "拖", "sản", "cấp", "gia", "trang", "bản", "啤", "錶", "mane", "iš-", "秫", "nu-", "坨", "蘞", "咷", "玟", "瀅", "결", "坯", "庅", "釚", "풍", "喎", "娄", "牕", "롱", "痀", "엽", "통", "쟁", "납", "접", "捎", "哼", "孨", "稸", "撨", "摻", "摣", "搙", "揲", "嶲", "孌", "嬥", "塤", "堥", "埻", "唼", "厎", "劘", "偞", "仯", "荔", "剎", "汛", "thi", "擋", "唬", "chất", "歧", "岭", "檯", "呧", "枏", "ราศี", "transire", "梡", "malo", "-ku", "sorte", "韛", "奓", "berg", "剡", "ihn", "媳", "錑", "埤", "倢", "梂", "煞", "Teil", "榨", "オゴネク", "咭", "捆", "𡛔", "邌", "悅", "疙", "peu", "鮧", "陗", "鉼", "釥", "踶", "莔", "絝", "莙", "勻", "愔", "絈", "voll", "碟", "dot", "偭", "虩", "囤", "屜", "digital", "衬", "枘", "扃", "di-", "鑲", "虯", "虬", "陡", "惕", "臿", "los", "迓", "蓂", "gerade", "sự", "唠", "độ", "vụ", "phản", "橐", "sau", "hóa", "踸", "媄", "芾", "咕", "tác", "viele", "đồ", "蠃", "脃", "撾", "盼", "溉", "-let", "tua", "傜", "嘍", "垔", "folk", "Volk", "ignorable", "glas", "Regierung", "脖", "thứ", "嫵", "哎", "tag", "侣", "sé", "bảo", "删", "tích", "黬", "雩", "陁", "闟", "閝", "鏉", "鍈", "銸", "鈐", "醎", "蹭", "趵", "賰", "賡", "詉", "覵", "覰", "褵", "蠚", "蓯", "莬", "茭", "茝", "緍", "褕", "蕤", "纍", "檽", "杻", "倮", "擑", "摟", "戕", "裵", "軔", "sobie", "Ziffer", "曺", "剮", "erst", "趴", "晾", "拽", "墊", "蠼", "扳", "牫", "隄", "牠", "擄", "牎", "棱", "쇄", "婾", "巤", "삭", "록", "휘", "獷", "실", "穪", "疓", "甖", "瑱", "潒", "涹", "涔", "汫", "氿", "棌", "攖", "攊", "抐", "懬", "愓", "恗", "弇", "廔", "幭", "嵺", "嵤", "屩", "寘", "孈", "嫽", "媞", "娖", "娕", "娓", "姱", "姣", "妠", "奭", "壂", "堲", "坼", "坌", "圩", "嚜", "噭", "噢", "嘽", "嘳", "嘑", "喛", "啙", "唫", "匽", "剹", "刓", "僨", "僓", "傖", "偟", "倇", "倄", "倀", "俙", "俓", "薾", "敫", "柰", "姹", "酶", "醶", "燾", "桘", "埏", "埂", "垨", "坮", "坋", "圬", "嚃", "嚂", "噣", "嘁", "嗼", "嗆", "啋", "唰", "哶", "哧", "咦", "呬", "呫", "呍", "匾", "匼", "勔", "剟", "刌", "儥", "儐", "儌", "傠", "倜", "侻", "侹", "侲", "佹", "伻", "仱", "仢", "亹", "䫖", "喿", "剗", "邐", "壴", "maka", "막", "緫", "揔", "埗", "鷇", "糗", "漚", "厹", "卝", "능", "冋", "頫", "頹", "욕", "楂", "僿", "嚾", "尒", "㠯", "叒", "鯈", "萑", "莿", "泚", "屵", "貇", "迤", "荑", "鈸", "哱", "cena", "懧", "媻", "토", "洮", "慆", "寽", "楲", "藟", "葰", "舀", "窳", "毹", "婑", "嚅", "挶", "侷", "翟", "嗌", "懀", "笯", "猒", "夅", "-si-", "宓", "蠋", "睏", "飡", "儞", "伱", "簎", "tehdä", "Gesetz", "閡", "鐮", "蹋", "蚖", "枾", "cao", "跤", "hôn", "hộ", "hiện", "綹", "哋", "mono-", "cố", "dụng", "咧", "lao", "掂", "gian", "贉", "髒", "唭", "蹺", "đặc", "蜾", "忡", "抿", "saudara", "媧", "嚨", "俜", "鋟", "寖", "Gerät", "نم", "Tat", "Art", "suo", "蘩", "vestri", "鎒", "錞", "鵪", "釽", "刕", "勑", "僱", "侚", "砮", "tarde", "殂", "踠", "僎", "嗦", "倌", "尬", "sát", "Caesar", "ier", "飪", "澈", "惋", "傢", "弽", "烊", "挣", "phân", "攏", "掙", "盎", "蝯", "畇", "擎", "眽", "limbo", "schießen", "鎊", "genocide", "outstanding", "easygoing", "on the house", "επώνυμο", "pustynia", "Schärfe", "manometer", "Lëtzebuergesch", "Lëtzebuerg", } od8z7whi38fxmd9vdiqbyxkjuqz9o36 0 171145 2292705 2250212 2026-07-03T20:14:37Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292705 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{io}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{io-verb|demand}} #{{おくりがな2|求|もと|める|もとめる}}。[[要求]]する。 ---- =={{ia}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|fra|ina}} ''[[demander]]'' ==={{verb}}=== {{ia-verb|ar}} #{{おくりがな2|尋|たず|ねる|たずねる}}。[[質問]]する。 {{ia-conj|demand|ar}} ---- =={{oc}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|lat|oci}} ''[[demandare|demandāre]]'' ==={{verb}}=== {{head|oci|verb}} #{{おくりがな2|尋|たず|ねる|たずねる}}。[[質問]]する。 #{{おくりがな2|求|もと|める|もとめる}}。[[要求]]する。 ---- =={{es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|lat|spa}} ''[[demandare|demandāre]]'' ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|demand|ar}} #[[要求]]する。 #{{context|legal|lang=es}}[[告訴]]する。[[起訴]]する。 {{es-conj-ar|demand}} ---- =={{pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|lat|por}} ''[[demandare|demandāre]]'' ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|demand|ar}} #[[要求]]する。 #{{context|legal|lang=pt}}[[告訴]]する。[[起訴]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ---- =={{lad}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{head|lad|verb}} #{{おくりがな2|尋|たず|ねる|たずねる}}。[[質問]]する。 ===={{rel}}==== * [[demanda]] lb1au0p0mahrlb93n2l84f51tq5q258 0 182159 2292695 1394150 2026-07-03T20:14:34Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292695 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{ca}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|diferenci}} #[[区別]]する。{{おくりがな3|見|み||分|わ|ける|みわける}}。 #{{context|mathematics|lang=ca}}[[微分]]する。 {{ca-conj-ar|diferenci}} ---- =={{gl}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{gl-verb|diferenci|ar}} #[[区別]]する。{{おくりがな3|見|み||分|わ|ける|みわける}}。 {{gl-conj-ar|diferenci}} ---- =={{es}}== ==={{etym}}=== ''[[diferencia]]'' ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|diferenci|ar}} #[[区別]]する。{{おくりがな3|見|み||分|わ|ける|みわける}}。 {{es-conj-ar|diferenci}} ===={{rel}}==== * [[diferencia]] * [[diferente]] ---- =={{pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|diferenci|ar}} #[[区別]]する。{{おくりがな3|見|み||分|わ|ける|みわける}}。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} 2k29usq17kug9j3g5f4grx8uzfp9w9l 0 195368 2292781 1551776 2026-07-03T21:10:56Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292781 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{es}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|supervis|ar}} #{{context|transitive+|lang=es}}[[管理]]する。[[監督]]する。 {{es-conj-ar|supervis}} ===={{rel}}==== * [[supervisión]] * [[supervisor]] ---- =={{pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|supervis|ar}} #{{context|transitive+|lang=pt}}[[管理]]する。[[監督]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|pt|supervisionar}} 61dj9wwh95mkbt937q62y24e4i59gfr 0 196178 2292729 1551786 2026-07-03T20:52:35Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292729 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|experienci|ar}} #{{context|transitive+|lang=pt}}[[経験]]する。[[体験]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|pt|passar por}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|experiência}} 41geehz6soguyf098pr49evpayyehav 0 197395 2292670 1528722 2026-07-03T20:05:17Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292670 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|lat|spa}} ''[[clarificare|clārificāre]]'' ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|clarific|ar|pret=clarifiqué}} #{{おくりがな2|明|あき|らか|あきらか}}にする。[[明確]]にする。 #[[透明]]にする。 {{es-conj-ar|clarifi|p=-car}} ---- =={{pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|por}} ''[[clarificare|clārificāre]]'' ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|clarifi|car}} #{{context|transitive+|lang=pt}}{{おくりがな2|明|あき|らか|あきらか}}にする。[[明確]]にする。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|pt|clarear}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|clarear}} * {{l|pt|claro}} 5umauj3erytytf9v6bz7z0s9mrcowcw 0 197792 2292944 1418091 2026-07-04T09:00:33Z Jn.njjp 102815 漢字表記の追加。 2292944 wikitext text/x-wiki {{DEFAULTSORT:うねり}} =={{ja}}== [[Category:{{ja}}]] ==={{noun}}=== [[Category:{{ja}}_{{noun}}]] [[Category:{{ja}}_海洋学]] '''うねり'''【[[蜿蜒]]り<ref>広辞林 新訂版 https://dl.ndl.go.jp/pid/2475982/1/83 2026年7月4日観覧</ref>】''' # 高く低く波打って、緩く曲がりくねること。[[うねる]]こと。 # [[波長]]が長く、[[なみ|波]]の[[やま|山]]と山が丸く大きく[[起伏]]する波。 ===={{trans}}==== ;語義1 *{{en}}: [[undulation]] ;語義2 *{{en}}: [[swell]] *{{fi}}: [[aallokko]] ==脚註== <references /> el7a8puwgvwkqvdyi0ymdb6kf5fcw7l 0 199701 2292692 1394556 2026-07-03T20:14:32Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292692 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{ca}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|diversific}} #[[多様化]]させる。 {{ca-conj-ar|diversific}} ---- =={{es}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|diversific|ar|pret=diversifiqué}} #[[多様化]]させる。 {{es-conj-ar|diversifi|p=-car}} ---- =={{pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|diversifi|car}} #{{context|transitive+|lang=pt}}[[多様化]]させる。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|diverso}} 4q94v40en0gx8jzcah8xpcyw4awssfy 0 199801 2292694 1394567 2026-07-03T20:14:33Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292694 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{ca}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ir|dissuad}} #{{おくりがな3|思|おも|い|止|とど|まら|おもいとどまる}}せる。 {{ca-conj-ir|dissuad}} ---- =={{pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|dissuad|ir}} #{{context|transitive+|lang=pt}}{{おくりがな3|思|おも|い|止|とど|まら|おもいとどまる}}せる。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} 6coq2gt0dfkajloa1xla8nax1wtleak 0 199956 2292699 1581965 2026-07-03T20:14:35Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292699 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|en}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la}} {{m|la|dēterrēre}} < {{m|la|de}} (～から) + {{m|la|terrēre}} (恐がらせる) ==={{pron}}=== * {{IPA|lang=en|dɪˈtɜː(ɹ)}} * 音声(米) :[[File:En-us-deter.ogg]] * {{rhymes|ɜː(r)}} ==={{verb}}=== {{en-verb|deterr|ing}} # {{context|transitive|lang=en}}（危害や恐怖で）[[抑止]]する。{{おくりがな3|思|おも|い|止|とど|まら|おもいとどまる}}せる。 ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|en|discourage}} * {{l|en|dissuade}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|en|deterrence}} * {{l|en|deterrent}} ===アナグラム=== * {{l|en|treed}} ---- =={{L|gl}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|gl}} {{m|la|dētinēre}} ==={{verb}}=== {{gl-verb|det|er|pres=deteño|pret=detiven}} #{{おくりがな2|止|と|める|とめる}}。{{おくりがな3|引|ひ|き|止|と|める|ひきとめる}}。 {{gl-conj (ter)|det}} ===={{rel}}==== {{top}} * {{l|gl|abster}} * {{l|gl|ater}} * {{l|gl|conter}} * {{l|gl|entreter}} * {{l|gl|manter}} * {{l|gl|reter}} * {{l|gl|soster}} * {{l|gl|ter}} {{bottom}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|pt}} {{m|la|dētinēre}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|d|eter}} #{{おくりがな2|止|と|める|とめる}}。{{おくりがな3|引|ひ|き|止|と|める|ひきとめる}}。 #{{おくりがな3|思|おも|い|止|とど|まら|おもいとどまる}}せる。 #{{おくりがな2|抑|おさ|える|おさえる}}。[[抑制]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} f5qoyibob1tm8jg856icq45bon412qp 0 203292 2292943 1626160 2026-07-04T08:55:57Z Jn.njjp 102815 漢字表記の追加。 2292943 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ja}}== ==={{etym}}=== 「[[うね]]」（畝）の動詞化。 ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|acc=2}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb}}'''【[[盤]][[紆]]る・[[紆]][[行]]る<ref>広辞林 新訂版 https://dl.ndl.go.jp/pid/2475982/1/83 2026年7月4日観覧</ref>】''' # [[まがりくねる|曲がりくねり]]ながら[[つづく|続く]]。 # [[ゆるやか|緩やか]]に[[上下]]しながら続く。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{日本語五段活用}} ===={{drv}}==== * [[うねり]] ==脚註== <references /> ralvjtzenpn73cn2zq041hlvnujd9mr 0 207854 2292725 1529717 2026-07-03T20:21:47Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292725 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{oc}}== ==={{etym}}1=== ===={{verb}}==== {{oc-verb|pan|ar}} #{{おくりがな2|盗|ぬす|む|ぬすむ}}。{{おくりがな2|奪|うば|う|うばう}}。 ==={{etym}}2=== ''[[pan]]'', {{etyl|lat|oci}} ''[[panis]]'' ===={{verb}}==== {{oc-verb|pan|ar}} [[Category:{{oc}}_調理]] #[[パン粉]]を{{おくりがな2|塗|まぶ|す|まぶす}}。 ---- =={{pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|pan|ar}} [[Category:{{pt}}_調理]] #{{context|transitive+|lang=pt}}[[パン粉]]を{{おくりがな2|塗|まぶ|す|まぶす}}。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} 2rsyk9917asr9e1oqr5xmufzr23a8wk 0 215006 2292723 2226725 2026-07-03T20:21:46Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292723 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|parasitär}} =={{es}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|parasit|ar}} #{{context|ecology|lang=es}}[[寄生]]する。 {{es-conj-ar|parasit}} ---- =={{pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|parasit|ar}} #{{context|ecology|lang=pt}}[[寄生]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ftkvgu9or621qjm7os56oqjk8b691ya 0 217468 2292679 1447167 2026-07-03T20:09:46Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292679 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{io}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|ita|ido}} ''[[furto]]'', {{etyl|spa|ido}} ''[[hurto]]'', {{etyl|lat|ido}} ''[[furari|fūrārī]]'' ==={{pron|ido}}=== * {{IPA|furˈtar}} ==={{verb}}=== {{io-verb|furt}} #{{context|transitive+|lang=io}}{{おくりがな2|盗|ぬす|む|ぬすむ}}。{{おくりがな2|奪|うば|う|うばう}}。 ===={{drv}}==== {{top}} * {{l|io|furtetar}} * {{l|io|furto}} * {{l|io|furtajo}} * {{l|io|furtomanio}} * {{l|io|furtomaniiko}} * {{l|io|enirar furteme}} {{bottom}} ---- =={{pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== ''[[furto]]'' ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|furt|ar}} #{{おくりがな2|盗|ぬす|む|ぬすむ}}。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|furtivo}} * {{l|pt|furto}} mq1zd041r0f19gsjegt2q9rllhv7tns 0 224194 2292682 1552590 2026-07-03T20:09:47Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292682 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{es}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|fluor|ar}} #{{context|chemistry|lang=es}}[[弗化]]させる。 {{es-conj-ar|fluor}} ---- =={{pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|fluor|ar}} #{{context|chemistry|lang=pt}}[[弗化]]させる。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|pt|fluoração}} l4fwvkm69fxsi7mxaobwjh5v1wefhtf 0 227604 2292742 1552666 2026-07-03T20:59:20Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292742 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|iod|ar}} #{{context|chemistry|lang=pt}}[[沃素]]で[[処理]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} eejhzz4duem4crtmnz674aocn6ul1ti 0 229798 2292768 2274612 2026-07-03T21:05:34Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292768 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|en}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la}} ''[[lamina]]'' ==={{pron}}=== * {{IPA|ˈlæmɪnə|lang=en}} ==={{adjective}}=== {{en-adj|-}} #{{context|physics|lang=en}}[[層流]]の。 #[[薄板]]状の。[[薄層]]状の。 ===アナグラム=== * {{anagrams|en|alarmin|malarin|railman}} =={{L|es}}== ==={{adjective}}=== {{es-adj|f=laminar|pl=laminares}} #[[薄板]]状の。[[薄層]]状の。 ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|lamin|ar}} #薄板で{{おくりがな2|覆|おお|う|おおう}}。薄板にする。 {{es-conj-ar|lamin}} =={{L|pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|lamin|ar}} #[[薄板]]で{{おくりがな2|覆|おお|う|おおう}}。薄板にする。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ht1qi5p4ij46le0nm4dfavm43h893xs 0 231171 2292642 2019314 2026-07-03T18:30:51Z Jiba1219 100610 2292642 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|どたんば}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|ど|たん|ば|yomi=goon,kanon,kun}} ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|どたんば|acc=0}} {{ja-accent-common|region=京阪|h||どたんば}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|どたんば}} #{{context|日本史|lang=ja}}[[江戸時代]]の[[くびきり|首切り]]の刑場。 #[[ものごと|物事]]の[[切羽詰まる|切羽詰まっ]]た場面。 ===={{syn}}==== *[[土俵際]] hd9sisbxfm3y3nues3k03s70alxnxho 0 231658 2292906 1928824 2026-07-04T02:28:26Z 鍼灸 112313 2292906 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|むとうろく}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|む|とう|ろく|yomi=o}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|むとうろく}} #[[登録]]をしていないこと。登録を[[うける|受けて]]いないこと。 ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{日本語ダ活用}} ===={{syn}}==== *[[未登録]] jrifwfnmfgt3dk93n08v9as34ug43w0 2292910 2292906 2026-07-04T02:40:21Z 鍼灸 112313 2292910 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|むとうろく}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|む|とう|ろく|yomi=o}} ==={{etym}}=== {{prefix|無|登録|lang=ja}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|むとうろく}} #[[登録]]をしていないこと。登録を[[うける|受けて]]いないこと。 ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{日本語ダ活用}} ===={{syn}}==== *[[未登録]] gbc4rfy5vwhq97zahxsipjuddpscjhr 2292914 2292910 2026-07-04T02:46:02Z 鍼灸 112313 2292914 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|むとうろく}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|む|とう|ろく|yomi=o}} ==={{etym}}=== {{affix|ja|無-|登録}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|むとうろく}} #[[登録]]をしていないこと。登録を[[うける|受けて]]いないこと。 ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{日本語ダ活用}} ===={{syn}}==== *[[未登録]] 18vhu4mx4ql4t3sucfg9n8ij0glpi44 0 231659 2292918 1928825 2026-07-04T02:50:04Z 鍼灸 112313 2292918 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|むほけん}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|む|ほ|けん|yomi=o}} ==={{etym}}=== {{affix|ja|無-|保険}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|むほけん}} #[[保険]]に[[はいる|入って]]いないこと。保険の適用を[[うける|受けて]]いないこと。 ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== [[Category:{{ja}}_{{adjectivenoun}}]] {{日本語ダ活用}} jt4iqxx7k11e76dqq7lzwjlb4488tuy 0 235921 2292684 1395558 2026-07-03T20:09:48Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292684 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{io}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{io-verb|filtr}} #[[濾過]]する。 ---- =={{ca}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|filtr}} #[[濾過]]する。 {{ca-conj-ar|filtr}} ---- =={{es}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|filtr|ar}} #[[濾過]]する。[[浸透]]する。 #（秘密を）{{おくりがな2|洩|も|らす|もらす}}。 {{es-conj-ar|filtr|combined=1}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|filtro}} * {{l|es|filtración}} ---- =={{pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|filtr|ar}} #{{context|transitive+|lang=pt}}[[濾過]]する。[[選別]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} n00z67pg8zqkh05fxsdvk3kdm3aya16 0 239087 2292785 1553179 2026-07-03T21:12:28Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292785 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{pt}}== ==={{alter}}=== *[[optimizar]] ==={{etym}}=== {{suffix+|ótimo|izar|lang=pt}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|otimiz|ar}} #{{label|pt|transitive}} [[最適]]にする。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} kqtvoaob7ylxwrak3lirw5rcm3sqeaq 0 253218 2292712 2270084 2026-07-03T20:21:42Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292712 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|ca}} ''[[prolongare|prolongo, prolongare]]'' ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|prolong}} #{{context|transitive+|lang=cat}}{{おくりがな2|延|の|ばす|のばす}}。[[延長]]する。 {{ca-conj-ar|prolong}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|ca|prolongació}} * {{l|ca|prolongament}} =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|es}} ''[[prolongare|prolongo, prolongare]]'' ==={{pron}}=== * {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|prolong|ar|pret=prolongué}} #{{おくりがな2|延|の|ばす|のばす}}。[[延長]]する。 {{es-conj-ar|prolon|p=-gar|combined=1}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|prolongación}} * {{l|es|prolongado}} =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|pt}} ''[[prolongare|prolongo, prolongare]]'' ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|prolon|gar}} #{{おくりがな2|延|の|ばす|のばす}}。[[延長]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|prolongação}} q8sjt3rmrg8hmu978jr6k9659eetziw 0 263793 2292716 2173151 2026-07-03T20:21:43Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292716 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|lat|cat}} ''[[praesidere|praesidēre]]'' ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} * {{rhymes|i(ɾ)}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ir|presid}} #[[議長]]を{{おくりがな2|務|つと|める|つとめる}}。 {{ca-conj-ir|presid}} =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|lat|spa}} ''[[praesidere|praesidēre]]'' ==={{pron}}=== * {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|presid|ir}} #[[議長]]を{{おくりがな2|務|つと|める|つとめる}}。 {{es-conj-ir|presid|combined=1}} =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|lat|por}} ''[[praesidere|praesidēre]]'' ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|presid|ir}} #[[議長]]を{{おくりがな2|務|つと|める|つとめる}}。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} jaf1bze3kab8x3g67ncfqdz3b800mpo 0 265142 2292764 2177998 2026-07-03T21:01:22Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292764 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{io}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|eng|ido}} ''[[molest]]'', {{etyl|spa|ido}} ''molestar'', {{etyl|ita|ido}} ''[[molestare]]'', {{etyl|deu|ido}} ''[[molestieren]]'', {{etyl|fra|ido}} ''[[molester]]'' ==={{pron}}=== * {{IPA|mo.lesˈtar|mo.leˈstar}} ==={{verb}}=== {{io-verb|molest}} #{{context|transitive+|lang=ido}}{{おくりがな2|悩|なや|ます|なやます}}。{{おくりがな2|困|こま|ら|こまる}}せる。[[虐待]]する。 =={{ca}}== ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|molest}} #{{おくりがな2|悩|なや|ます|なやます}}。{{おくりがな2|困|こま|ら|こまる}}せる。 #[[邪魔]]する。 #{{おくりがな2|痛|いた|める|いためる}}。{{おくりがな2|傷|きず|つける|きずつける}}。 {{ca-conj-ar|molest}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|ca|molèstia}} =={{gl}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{gl-verb|molest|ar}} #{{おくりがな2|悩|なや|ます|なやます}}。{{おくりがな2|困|こま|ら|こまる}}せる。 {{gl-conj-ar|molest}} =={{es}}== ==={{pron}}=== * {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|molest|ar}} #{{おくりがな2|悩|なや|ます|なやます}}。{{おくりがな2|煩|わずら|わす|わずらわす}}。[[迷惑]]を{{おくりがな2|掛|か|ける|かける}}。 {{es-conj-ar|molest|combined=1}} ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|es|fastidiar}} * {{l|es|fregar}} * {{l|es|joder}} * {{l|es|jorobar}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|molestia|g=f}} * {{l|es|molesto}} * {{l|es|molestoso}} ==={{seealso}}=== * {{l|es|agobiar}} =={{pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|molest|ar}} #{{おくりがな2|悩|なや|ます|なやます}}。{{おくりがな2|困|こま|ら|こまる}}せる。{{おくりがな2|苦|くる|しめる|くるしめる}}。 #[[性的]][[いたずら]]をする。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{syn}}==== * (語義1) {{l|pt|incomodar}} see7b7m9todsblx09obh6ala3dmiqxm 0 266772 2292556 1930074 2026-07-03T12:58:45Z ちょこれ゚いとみんと 129959 /* 名詞 */ 2292556 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|むすう}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|む|すう|yomi=o,o}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|むすう|[[むしゅ]]}} #[[簡単]]には[[かぞえる|数え]][[きる|切れ]]ないほど[[たくさん]]の[[かず|数]]。 #*幸にも、私の生れ合せたこの時代位動くものの'''無数'''が発達し発明された事はあるまい。（小出楢重「めでたき風景」）〔1930年〕<ref>青空文庫（2002年12月17日作成、2011年2月18日修正）（底本：「小出楢重随筆集」岩波文庫、岩波書店、1987年8月17日第1刷発行。「小出楢重全文集」五月書房、1981年9月10日発行）https://www.aozora.gr.jp/cards/000259/files/3553_8140.html 2019年5月11日参照。</ref> #*その後毎日のように顕微鏡を覗いている中に、これほど美しいものが文字通り'''無数'''にあって、しかも殆んど誰の目にも止まらずに消えて行くのが勿体ないような気がし出した。（中谷宇吉郎「雪を作る話」）〔1936年〕<ref>青空文庫（2012年12月6日作成）（底本：「中谷宇吉郎随筆集」岩波文庫、岩波書店、2011年1月6日第26刷）https://www.aozora.gr.jp/cards/001569/files/53210_49744.html 2019年5月11日参照。</ref> ===={{usage}}==== 「無数の」「無数にある」などの[[修飾部]]や[[述部]]の一部として使うことが多い。 ===形容動詞=== {{ja-adjectival noun|むすう}} #[[簡単]]には[[かぞえる|数え]][[きる|切れ]]ないほど[[おおい|多い]]。 #*雛妓たちはわれがちに降りた。活き活きとかがやく盛り場の'''無数な'''灯が小さな胸を嵐奏する。（吉川英治「かんかん虫は唄う」）〔1930年〕<ref>青空文庫（2017年5月9日作成）（底本：「かんかん虫は唄う」吉川英治歴史時代文庫、講談社、2009年3月2日第10刷）https://www.aozora.gr.jp/cards/001562/files/56155_61815.html 2019年5月11日参照。</ref> #*一つ石の集落と、湯西川温泉を過ぎ、高手の村をはずれれば川は峡の底を流れて、鬼気人に迫るの感がある。山女魚と岩魚が'''無数だ'''。熊も出る。（佐藤垢石「雪代山女魚」）〔1938年〕<ref>青空文庫（2007年8月13日作成）（底本：「釣りにつられて」福武文庫、福武書店、1994年10月5日第1刷）https://www.aozora.gr.jp/cards/001248/files/46652_27919.html 2019年5月11日参照。</ref> {{日本語ダ活用}} ===={{trans}}==== *{{T|en}}: [[countless]], [[incalculable]], [[innumerable]] ==註== <references/> 4vqlvpqwve5797e81dbxvsf7c9oxpm2 0 267555 2292793 2071752 2026-07-03T21:13:50Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292793 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|es}}== ==={{alter}}=== * {{l|es|trasmitir}} ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|es}} {{m|la|transmittere}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|transmit|ir}} #{{おくりがな2|伝|つた|える|つたえる}}、[[伝導]]する、[[伝染]]させる。 {{es-conj-ir|transmit|combined=1}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|es|retransmitir}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|transmisión}} * {{l|es|meter}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|pt}} {{m|la|transmittere}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|transmit|ir}} #{{おくりがな2|伝|つた|える|つたえる}}、[[伝導]]する、[[伝染]]させる。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|transmissão}} * {{l|pt|meter}} 6dqaba3kxr5xr9ficuk051k07jcfiba 0 267684 2292737 2266350 2026-07-03T20:54:06Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292737 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|ca}} {{m|la|erigere}} ==={{pron}}=== *{{ca-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ir|erig}} #{{おくりがな2|建|た|てる|たてる}}、[[建立]]する。 {{ca-conj-ir|erig}} ===={{rel}}==== *{{l|ca|erecte}} *{{l|ca|erecció}} =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|es}} {{m|la|erigere}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|erig|ir|pres=erijo}} #{{おくりがな2|建|た|てる|たてる}}、[[建立]]する。 #[[設立]]する。 {{es-conj-ir|eri|p=-gir|combined=1}} ===={{rel}}==== *[[erección]] *[[erecto]] *[[erguir]] *[[recto]] =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|pt}} {{m|la|erigere}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|eri|gir}} #{{タグ|pt|他動詞}}{{おくりがな2|建|た|てる|たてる}}、[[建立]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{syn}}==== *{{l|pt|erguer}}, {{l|pt|construir}} ===={{rel}}==== *{{l|pt|erecção}} *{{l|pt|ereto}} *{{l|pt|ereção}} *{{l|pt|erguer}} s97xoeudxk383pwovpr0l1r09kvpk2i 0 273532 2292740 2277919 2026-07-03T20:54:07Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292740 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|ca}} ''[[eludere|ēlūdere]]'' < ''[[e|ē]]'' + ''[[ludere|lūdere]]'' ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} * {{rhymes|i(ɾ)}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ir|elud}} #{{おくりがな2|避|さ|ける|さける}}。{{おくりがな2|逃|のが|れる|のがれる}}。[[回避]]する。 {{ca-conj-ir|elud}} =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|es}} ''[[eludere|ēlūdere]]'' < ''[[e|ē]]'' + ''[[ludere|lūdere]]'' ==={{pron}}=== * {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|elud|ir}} #{{context|transitive+|lang=es}}{{おくりがな2|避|さ|ける|さける}}。{{おくりがな2|逃|のが|れる|のがれる}}。[[回避]]する。 {{es-conj-ir|elud|combined=1}} ===={{seealso}}==== * {{l|es|burlar}} * {{l|es|evitar}} =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|pt}} ''[[eludere|ēlūdere]]'' < ''[[e|ē]]'' + ''[[ludere|lūdere]]'' ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|elud|ir}} #{{おくりがな2|避|さ|ける|さける}}。{{おくりがな2|逃|のが|れる|のがれる}}。[[回避]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} b7gznes1i11dx32ggl70gnrsh66eyqs 0 274119 2292687 1675150 2026-07-03T20:09:49Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292687 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ca}}== ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} * {{rhymes|a(ɾ)}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|fecund}} #{{context|biology|lang=ca}}[[受精]]させる。 {{ca-conj-ar|fecund}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{alter}}=== * {{l|es|fecundizar}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|fecund|ar}} #{{context|biology|lang=es}}[[受精]]させる。 {{es-conj-ar|fecund|combined=1}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|fecundo}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|fecund|ar}} #{{context|biology|lang=pt}}[[受精]]させる。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|fecundo}} 6qnytxsd8v31dfvh5lz4wsm3932op6v 0 277113 2292633 1676513 2026-07-03T18:03:57Z Jiba1219 100610 2292633 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|しんぼく}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|しん|ぼく|yomi=o,kanon}} ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|しんぼく|acc=0|acc_ref=DJR,NHK,SMK5}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[しんぼく]]}} #[[おたがい|お互い]]に[[したしみ|親しみ]][[あう|合う]]こと。仲よくすること。 #*'''親睦'''会 ==={{verb}}=== {{日本語サ変活用}} ===脚注=== {{Reflist}} =={{L|zh}}== {{zh-cat|qin1mu4|verb|noun}} {{yue-cat|chan1muk6|verb|noun}} ==={{pron}}=== {{cmn-pron|qīnmù}} {{yue-pron|can1 muk6}} ==={{verb}}=== {{zhchars|s=亲睦}} #親しくむつみ合う。 ==={{noun}}=== {{zhchars|s=亲睦}} #[[親戚]]。 t173eadq01iq64074mwcysecx16035s 0 277927 2292778 1744955 2026-07-03T21:08:11Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292778 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{suffix+|vapor|izar|lang=es}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|vaporiz|ar|pret=vaporicé}} #{{context|physics|chemistry|transitive|lang=es}}[[気化]]させる。[[蒸発]]させる。 {{es-conj-ar|vapori|p=-zar|combined=1}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|es|vaporización}} * {{l|es|vaporizarse}} * {{l|es|vaporizador}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{suffix+|vapor|izar|lang=pt}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|vaporiz|ar}} #{{context|physics|chemistry|lang=pt}}[[気化]]させる。[[蒸発]]させる。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|vaporização}} * {{l|pt|vaporizador}} fctwab8lmmlxkmrpwx4ws6dlbo66cz8 0 278305 2292706 1745368 2026-07-03T20:14:38Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292706 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ia}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{ia-verb|ar}} #{{おくりがな2|弱|よわ|める|よわめる}}。{{おくりがな2|損|そこ|なう|そこなう}}。 {{ia-conj|debilit|ar}} ---- =={{L|ca}}== ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|debilit}} #{{おくりがな2|弱|よわ|める|よわめる}}。[[衰弱]]させる。 {{ca-conj-ar|debilit}} ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|ca|afeblir}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|ca|dèbil}} * {{l|ca|debilitat}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{pron}}=== * {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|debilit|ar}} #{{おくりがな2|弱|よわ|める|よわめる}}。[[衰弱]]させる。 {{es-conj-ar|debilit|combined=1}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|débil}} * {{l|es|debilidad}} * {{l|es|debilitado}} * {{l|es|debilitación}} * {{l|es|debilitamiento}} * {{l|es|debilitante}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|debilit|ar}} #{{context|transitive|lang=pt}}{{おくりがな2|弱|よわ|める|よわめる}}。[[無気力]]にする。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|pt|enfraquecer}} jarzqdq4bactzb1ns2mxj9e71cgxa8o 0 278515 2292769 1553806 2026-07-03T21:06:55Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292769 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{suffix+|romano|izar|lang=spa}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|romaniz|ar|pret=romanicé}} #{{context|transitive+|lang=spa}}[[ローマ字]]で{{おくりがな2|書|か|く|かく}}。 {{es-conj-ar|romani|p=-zar|combined=1}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|es|romanización}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|latinizar}} ---- =={{pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{suffix+|romano|izar|lang=por}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|romaniz|ar}} #{{context|transitive+|lang=por}}[[ローマ字]]で{{おくりがな2|書|か|く|かく}}。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} 67z2f588pg2utsx8h184qvp0g19o9lv 0 282598 2292735 1397529 2026-07-03T20:52:36Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292735 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|lat|cat}} ''[[sculpere]]'' ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ir|esculp}} #{{おくりがな2|彫|ほ|る|ほる}}。[[彫刻]]する。 {{ca-conj-ir|esculp}} ---- =={{es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|lat|spa}} ''[[sculpere]]'' ==={{pron}}=== * {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|esculp|ir}} #{{おくりがな2|彫|ほ|る|ほる}}。[[彫刻]]する。 {{es-conj-ir|esculp|combined=1}} ---- =={{pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|lat|por}} ''[[sculpere]]'' ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|esculp|ir}} #{{おくりがな2|彫|ほ|る|ほる}}。[[彫刻]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|pt|talhar}} g8mfdysenfds99gvysynnv59ig5ra47 0 284247 2292751 2270079 2026-07-03T20:59:23Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292751 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{suffix+|increment|ar|lang=ca}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} * {{rhymes|a(ɾ)}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|increment}} #{{おくりがな2|増|ふ|やす|ふやす}}。[[増加]]させる。[[増大]]させる。 {{ca-conj-ar|increment}} =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{suffix+|incremento|ar|lang=es}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|increment|ar}} #{{おくりがな2|増|ふ|やす|ふやす}}。[[増加]]させる。[[増大]]させる。 {{es-conj-ar|increment|combined=1}} =={{L|pt}}== ==={{pron}}=== * {{IPA|ĩ.kre.mẽ.ˈta(ɾ)|lang=pt}} * {{hyphenation|in|cre|men|tar}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|increment|ar}} #{{おくりがな2|増|ふ|やす|ふやす}}。[[増加]]させる。[[増大]]させる。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|incrementação}} 4bh8980b20puhp0ms2jo6b2rcxbv964 0 284384 2292701 2291678 2026-07-03T20:14:36Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292701 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ia}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{ia-verb|ar}} #[[設計]]する。[[デザイン]]する。 {{ia-conj|design|ar}} =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|ca}} ''[[designare|dēsignō, dēsignāre]]'' ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} * {{rhymes|a(ɾ)}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|design}} #[[指名]]する。[[任命]]する。[[指定]]する。 {{ca-conj-ar|design}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|ca|designació}} =={{L|gl}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|gl}} ''[[designare|dēsignō, dēsignāre]]'' ==={{verb}}=== {{gl-verb|design|ar}} #[[指名]]する。[[任命]]する。[[指定]]する。 {{gl-conj-ar|design}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|gl|designación}} =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|es}} ''[[designare|dēsignō, dēsignāre]]'' ==={{pron}}=== * {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|design|ar}} #[[指名]]する。[[任命]]する。[[指定]]する。 {{es-conj-ar|design|combined=1}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|designación}} =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|pt}} ''[[designare|dēsignō, dēsignāre]]'' ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|design|ar}} #[[指名]]する。[[任命]]する。[[指定]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} 63ipj75uhja67cfrax7e7i24wnop1jl 0 284519 2292664 1553883 2026-07-03T20:05:15Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292664 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|conot|ar}} #{{context|transitive+|lang=pt}}[[言外]]に{{おくりがな2|含|ふく|む|ふくむ}}。[[含意]]する。[[暗示]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|conotativo}} * {{l|pt|conotação}} 1aycfcm3mq6fsil9icubqt6758sf5eg 0 285382 2292776 1553902 2026-07-03T21:08:10Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292776 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{es}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|volatiliz|ar|pret=volatilicé}} #{{context|chemistry|lang=spa}}[[揮発]]させる。 {{es-conj-ar|volatili|p=-zar|combined=1}} ---- =={{pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== ''[[volátil]]'' ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|volatiliz|ar}} #{{context|chemistry|lang=por}}[[揮発]]させる。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} gy25xjw399nnjaphipyfkgbh6bvrimu 0 286899 2292713 1707974 2026-07-03T20:21:42Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292713 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|ca}} {{m|la|prohibēre}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ir|prohib}} #{{context|transitive|lang=ca}}[[禁止]]する。 {{ca-conj-ir|prohib}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|ca|prohibició}} ---- =={{L|gl}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|gl}} {{m|la|prohibēre}} ==={{verb}}=== {{gl-verb|prohib|ir|pres=prohibo}} #{{context|transitive|lang=gl}}[[禁止]]する。 {{gl-conj-ir|prohib}} ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|gl|abolir}} * {{l|gl|non}} {{l|gl|permitir}} ===={{ant}}==== * {{l|gl|autorizar}} * {{l|gl|permitir}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|gl|prohibición}} * {{l|gl|prohibicionista}} * {{l|gl|prohibicionismo}} * {{l|gl|prohibido}} * {{l|gl|prohibitivo}} * {{l|gl|prohibitivamente}} * {{l|gl|prohibitorio}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|es}} {{m|la|prohibēre}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|prohib|ir|pres=prohíbo}} #{{context|transitive|lang=es}}[[禁止]]する。 {{es-conj-ir|p=i-í|proh|b|combined=1}} ===={{rel}}==== {{top}} * {{l|es|prohibición}} * {{l|es|prohibicionista}} * {{l|es|prohibicionismo}} * {{l|es|prohibido}} * {{l|es|prohibitivo}} * {{l|es|prohibitivamente}} * {{l|es|prohibitorio}} {{bottom}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|prohib|ir}} #[[proibir]]の廃用。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} 1pvjwao47im9mvvgd542yvrbf8rf3k1 4 288488 2292934 2291330 2026-07-04T04:09:40Z ArchiverBot 26434 ボットによる: 5件のスレッド (90日以上経過) を「[[Wiktionary:おしらせ/2026]]」へ過去ログ化 2292934 wikitext text/x-wiki このページは、ウィクショナリー日本語版の利用者に告知や意見募集を行うページです。ウィキメディア全体およびウィクショナリー日本語版全体に関わるようなものから、各トークページにおける議論へのコメント募集まで、様々なお知らせに使われます。Tech Newsのようなニュースレターもここに配布されています。 {{利用者:ArchiverBot/config |archive = Wiktionary:おしらせ/%(year)d |algo = old(90d) |counter = 1 |minthreadsleft = 2 |minthreadstoarchive = 2 |archiveheader = {{Archives|Wiktionary:おしらせ}} }}{{過去ログbox |search=yes |content=<div class="hlist"> [[/2020|2020]] / [[/2021|2021]] / [[/2022|2022]] / [[/2023|2023]] / [[/2024|2024]] / [[/2025|2025]] / [[/2026|2026]] </div>}} 注意事項：掲載にあたって特別な許可や申請は要りません。新たなお知らせをするときは、新たな節 <code><nowiki>==○○==</nowiki></code> を作って投稿してください。お知らせ文の最後には署名 <code><nowiki>--~~~~</nowiki></code> をお願いします。掲載は投稿から90日を過ぎると過去ログ化され、このページから除去されます。議論や話し合い自体を立ち上げたいときは[[Wiktionary:編集室]]も利用できます。 {{lang|en|This page provides various announcements for Japanese Wiktionary. For example, calling for the participation in discussion on Meta-Wiki and delivery of Newsletters such as Tech News and Editting News are done here. Anyone can post such an announcement. If you want to discuss something with Japanese Wiktionary users rather than just informing, you can use [[Wiktionary:編集室]].}} <p style="text-align:center;font-weight:bold;font-size:larger" class="plainlinks">[{{fullurl:Wiktionary:おしらせ|action=edit&section=new}} 新しいお知らせを投稿する/{{lang|en|Post a new announcement}}]</p> __TOC__ == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-15</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W15"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/15|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] now includes a new group goal-setting feature, enabling organizers to set and track event goals such as the number of articles created and participating contributors in real time. Similarly, participants can work toward shared targets and see their collective impact as the event unfolds. The feature is now available on all Wikimedia wikis. Learn more in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents/Registration/Collaborative contributions#Goal setting|the documentation]]. * [[File:Maki-gift-15.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] The new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Watchlist labels|watchlist labels]] feature (announced in [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/07|Tech News 2026-07]]) is now available via VisualEditor, the source editor, and the 'watchstar' (or watch link, for skins that don't have a star icon). Previously it was only possible to assign labels via [[Special:EditWatchlist|EditWatchlist]]. In all three places it is a new field following the expiry field. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where talk pages on mobile with Parsoid are unusable after empty section headers, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419171] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|sub-referencing feature]], which lets editors add details to an existing reference without duplicating it, will be gradually rolled out to [[phab:T414094|more wikis]] later this year. Wikis using the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reference Tooltips|Reference Tooltips]] gadget are encouraged to update their version (typically at [[m:MediaWiki:Gadget-ReferenceTooltips.js|MediaWiki:Gadget-ReferenceTooltips.js]] as shown [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=1344408362 here]) to ensure compatibility. Other reference-related gadgets may also be affected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416304] * All Wikinews editions will be closed and switched to read-only mode on 4 May 2026. Content will remain accessible, but no new edits or articles can be added. This closure was approved by the Board of Trustees of the Wikimedia Foundation following extended discussions. [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard#Board of Trustees Approves Closure of Wikinews|Read more]]. * The [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:Action API|Action API]] has had several formats for requested output. One of them, <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>format=php</nowiki></code></bdi>, is being removed soon. Please ensure your scripts or bots use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:Data formats#Output|JSON format]]. This removal should affect very few scripts and bots. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T118538] * The [[Special:NamespaceInfo|Special:NamespaceInfo]] page now includes namespace aliases. For example "WP" for the "Project" ("Wikipedia") namespace on the German Wikipedia. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T381455] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.23|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/15|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W15"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 2026年4月6日 (月) 16:19 (UTC) <!-- User:STei (WMF)@metawiki が https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30362761 のリストを使用して送信したメッセージ --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-16</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W16"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/16|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Experienced editors are invited to [https://b24e11a4f1.catalyst.wmcloud.org/wiki/Main_Page test] the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|Article guidance]] feature, designed to help less-experienced editors create well-structured, policy-compliant Wikipedia articles. Testing instructions are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance/Test feature guide|available]]. Also, after reviewing [https://b24e11a4f1.catalyst.wmcloud.org/wiki/Category:Pages_using_article_guidance the outlines], please provide feedback on the [[mw:Talk:Article guidance|project talk page]]. Based on your input, the feature will be refined and transferred to the pilot Wikipedias to translate and adapt. Check out [[c:File:Article Guidance workflow demo - April 2026.webm|the video]] explaining the feature. '''Updates for editors''' * On most wikis, all autoconfirmed users can now use [[Special:ChangeContentModel|Special:ChangeContentModel]] page to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:ChangeContentModel|create new pages with custom content models]], such as mass message lists, making custom page formats more accessible. Check [[Special:ListGroupRights|Special:ListGroupRights]] for the status of your wiki. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T248294] * The Growth team has launched an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account_Creation_Experiments|account creation experiment]] to evaluate whether adding an account creation button to the mobile web header increases new account registrations and encourages more mobile users to contribute to the wikis. The experiment is currently live on Hindi, Indonesian, Bengali, Thai, and Hebrew Wikipedia, and targets 10% of logged-out mobile web users. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:30}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:30|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where VisualEditor could get stuck loading on Windows devices with animations turned off, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T382856] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Starting later this week, {{int:group-abusefilter}} who have the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]] beta feature enabled will have [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] instead of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]] as the editor at [[Special:AbuseFilter|Special:AbuseFilter]]. This is part of the broader effort to make the user experience more consistent across all editors. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T399673][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419332] * Tools and bots that access the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Notifications/API|Notifications API]] (<bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>action=query&meta=notifications</nowiki></code></bdi>) will need to update their OAuth or BotPassword grants to also include access to private notifications. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T421991] * Due to a library upgrade, listings on category pages may be displayed out of order starting on Monday, 20th April. A migration script will be run to correct this, and will take hours to days depending on the size of the wiki (up to a week for English Wikipedia). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T422544] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.24|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/16|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W16"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 2026年4月13日 (月) 15:19 (UTC) <!-- User:STei (WMF)@metawiki が https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30380527 のリストを使用して送信したメッセージ --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-17</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W17"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/17|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * After two years of development, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]], also known as [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror 6]], is to be promoted out of beta on Tuesday, April 21. It brings better code and wikitext readability, reduction in typing errors, and other [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|benefits]] to all users of the standard syntax highlighter. A huge thank you to volunteer [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/p/Bhsd/ Bhsd] who developed many of the new features, including [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Code folding|code folding]], [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Autocompletion|autocompletion]], and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Linting|linting]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T259059] * A major update to the Wikipedia app for iOS is now rolling out, redesigning the interface to align with Apple's latest "Liquid Glass" visual design. [https://apps.apple.com/us/app/wikipedia/id324715238 Download the latest version] and explore the update. '''Updates for editors''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/WE3.3.4 Reading lists|Reading lists]] is a feature which allows readers to save articles to a list for reading later. This feature is now in beta on Arabic, French, Indonesian, Vietnamese, and Chinese Wikipedias and by default for all new accounts on all Wikipedias. * An experiment which explores extending [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/Mobile page previews|Page Previews to mobile web]] will be launched in the week of April 20 on Arabic, English, French, Italian, Polish, and Vietnamese Wikipedias. Page Previews are pop-ups that display a thumbnail, lead paragraph, and a link to open the full article of a blue link, thereby improving content discovery. The feature is already available on desktop and in the apps. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/List of experiments in Product and Technology#Template|Read more about this experiment and others]]. * On several wikis, logged-in editors who haven't [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Email confirmation|confirmed their email addresses]] can now see a banner encouraging them to do so. Having the email address confirmed allows a user to restore access to the account if they lose it. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security#Encouraging users to confirm their email addresses|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T421366] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:15}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:15|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where editing very large wiki pages in the 2017 wikitext editor caused slow loading, preview and scrolling lag, and performance issues when selecting, cutting, or pasting content, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T184857] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * As part of the promotion of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] from a beta feature, all users will use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] instead of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]] for syntax highlighting when editing JavaScript, CSS, JSON, Vue and Lua content pages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419332] * The <code>mirrors.wikimedia.org</code> service for Debian and Ubuntu users will sunset and stop working on May 15. The resources for the service will be replaced with new and better options. Some users may need to switch to a different server which should take about a minute. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/LJYRIS4WB66HIRCAO4GIDTXCMDVZRBMA/ You can read more]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416707] * The <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>image</nowiki></code></bdi> and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>oldimage</nowiki></code></bdi> table will be removed from [[wikitech:Help:Wiki Replicas|wikireplicas]]. If your tools or queries access <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>image</nowiki></code></bdi> or <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>oldimage</nowiki></code></bdi> directly, please update them to use the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>file</nowiki></code></bdi> and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>filerevision</nowiki></code></bdi> table before 28 May. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T28741] * Following the recent implementation of global API rate limits on unidentified traffic, the Wikimedia Foundation will continue efforts to ensure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]] by applying global limits to identified API traffic beginning the last week of April. These limits are intentionally set as high as possible to minimise impact on the community. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits/FAQ|Frequently Asked Questions]]. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Attribution API|Attribution API]] is now available as a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Stability policy|beta]]. The API fetches information for crediting Wikimedia articles and media files wherever they are used. Reference documentation is available through the REST Sandbox special page available on all Wikimedia wikis (such as the [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?api=attribution.v0-beta&title=Special%3ARestSandbox REST sandbox on English Wikipedia]). Share your feedback on the [[mw:Talk:Attribution API|project talk page]]. * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/17|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W17"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 2026年4月20日 (月) 15:00 (UTC) <!-- User:STei (WMF)@metawiki が https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30432763 のリストを使用して送信したメッセージ --> == Request for comment (global AI policy) == <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Apologies for writing in English. {{int:Please-translate}} A [[:m:Requests for comment/Artificial intelligence policy|request for comment]] is currently being held to decide on a global AI policy. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}} [[利用者:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[利用者・トーク:MediaWiki message delivery|トーク]]) 2026年4月26日 (日) 00:58 (UTC) </bdi> <!-- User:Codename Noreste@metawiki が https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=30424282 のリストを使用して送信したメッセージ --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-18</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W18"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/18|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * There is a change in how new users are autoconfirmed that will improve anti-vandalism protection. Currently, users who have had an account for a few days and made a few edits are automatically added to the [[{{int:grouppage-autoconfirmed/{{CONTENTLANGUAGE}}}}|{{int:group-autoconfirmed}}]] group. This configuration tends to be exploited by some vandals, who create accounts and start to use them only after some time. To mitigate this, the configuration will be updated next week so that – for the purpose of becoming autoconfirmed – the account age will be counted from their first edit, instead of registration date. The numeric value of the age threshold will remain the same. This change will be deployed only to wikis which require at least one edit as part of the autoconfirmation conditions. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418484] * All Wikipedia users with new accounts and those who activated the "automatically enable most beta features" option in their preference can now use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/WE3.3.4 Reading lists|reading lists]] beta feature to save articles for later reading. This helps organize reading interests in one place for convenient access. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:30}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:30|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where infobox images have huge padding in Firefox, has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T423676] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * As a reminder, the global API rate limits will be applied this week to identified API traffic. This is to help ensure [[mw:MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]]. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, including the actual rate limits, see [[mw:Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]] and [[mw:Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits/FAQ|Frequently Asked Questions]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.26|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/18|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W18"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 2026年4月27日 (月) 18:06 (UTC) <!-- User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki が https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30458046 のリストを使用して送信したメッセージ --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-19</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W19"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/19|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|Article guidance]] team invites experienced editors of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance/Pilot wikis and collaborators|pilot Wikipedias]]—Arabic, Bangla, Japanese, Portuguese, Persian, Turkish, Simple English, Spanish, and French—to help translate and adapt [https://b24e11a4f1.catalyst.wmcloud.org/wiki/Category:Pages_using_article_guidance sample outlines]. These outlines will guide editors in creating clear, well-structured, and policy-compliant articles when using [https://b24e11a4f1.catalyst.wmcloud.org/wiki/Special:NewArticle the feature] once it is launched in May 2026. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance#Adapting a sample outline in a Wikipedia|Simple instructions]] on how to translate and adapt the outlines are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council|Product and Technology Advisory Council]] has published [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/May 2026 draft PTAC recommendation for feedback|draft recommendations]] on a model that affiliates can follow when contributing to the technical space. Community members are invited to provide feedback on the recommendation until May 8th [[:m:Talk:Product and Technology Advisory Council/May 2026 draft PTAC recommendation for feedback|on the talk page]]. * The number of available thumbnail size preferences in MediaWiki is being reduced to three standardized options—Small (180px), Regular (250px), and Large (400px), as part of ongoing efforts to improve performance and reduce strain on thumbnail services. As a result, existing preferences will be mapped to the nearest new size (for example, smaller selections like 120px or 150px will render at 180px, while larger ones like 300px or 360px will render at 400px). The preferences interface will soon be updated to reflect these changes, and users who wish to opt out or provide feedback can do so. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T424909] * From now on, even when a permission expires automatically, users will receive an Echo notification similar to the standard notification for permission changes. There is a difference between this and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global reminder bot|Global reminder bot]] in that the latter reminds users a week ''before'' the rights are due to expire, so that they can renew the rights. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:32}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:32|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the problem where the ULS language selector in [[m:Special:Translate|Special:Translate]] would scroll vertically when it shouldn't, has been resolved. Previously, when users opened the "Translate to English" dropdown and typed certain inputs, the dialog would scroll vertically by a few pixels even when there was enough space to display all results. The dropdown no longer shifts unnecessarily when filtering languages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T358864] * The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]], which lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on a single page, continues to improve. For example, watchlists for Wikibase sites such as [[:d:|Wikidata]] now support [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:EntitySchema|EntitySchema]] elements for better tracking. The Live Updates mode now refreshes the special page every 60 seconds to comply with the updated [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|global API rate limits]] for improved real-time responsiveness. Additionally, a directionality bug that displayed links as "changes 3" instead of "3 changes" in mixed-direction lists has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415450][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T424422][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418091] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The second phase of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|global API rate limits]] has been rolled out to reduce the [[diffblog:2026/03/26/quo-vadis-crawlers-progress-and-whats-next-on-safeguarding-our-infrastructure/|impact of AI crawlers]] and ensure fair, sustainable access to Wikimedia resources, prioritising human and mission-aligned traffic. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits#Limits|Limits]] have been shifted from per-hour to per-minute, producing smoother traffic patterns and more predictable API load. Community users are not expected to be affected, and no action is required. Early indications show some User-Agent-based requestors are adjusting behaviour, and around 64% of automated API traffic has been identified. Monitoring continues, and Wikimedia Enterprise remains available for commercial support. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.27|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/19|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W19"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 2026年5月4日 (月) 20:43 (UTC) <!-- User:STei (WMF)@metawiki が https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30498077 のリストを使用して送信したメッセージ --> == 移動後に残るリダイレクトページの即時削除の方針明確化 == 標記の件について、[[Wiktionary・トーク:即時削除の方針#移動後に残るリダイレクトページの即時削除の方針明確化]]にて提案しています。--[[利用者:Yapparina|Yapparina]] ([[利用者・トーク:Yapparina|トーク]]) 2026年5月6日 (水) 06:00 (UTC) :方針が改訂されました。--[[利用者:Yapparina|Yapparina]] ([[利用者・トーク:Yapparina|トーク]]) 2026年6月5日 (金) 20:58 (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-20</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W20"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/20|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Community Tech has published [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/How to write a good wish|new guidance]] explaining how wishes on Community Wishlist are triaged and prioritized. The documentation is intended to help contributors write stronger proposals by clarifying the factors that influence prioritization decisions. Beyond vote counts, the guidance highlights considerations such as potential impact on the community when determining which wishes move forward. '''Updates for editors''' * The Reader Growth team is launching an experiment to test a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader_Growth/Share_Card|Share Card feature]] that allows readers to create visually engaging cards from Wikipedia articles or selected article sections and share them online, with each card linking back to the original article to help expand readership and article discovery. The mobile-only A/B test will be available to a portion of readers on Arabic, Chinese, French, Vietnamese, and English Wikipedia to better understand reading and sharing habits, and is scheduled to begin the week of May 18 and run for four weeks. * The Android and iOS Wikipedia apps recently released the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Apps/Team/25th_Birthday_Reading_Challenge|25-day reading challenge]] into Beta, as part of efforts to drive reader engagement by encouraging users to complete reading milestones. To track their reading streak during the challenge, App users can add a widget featuring Baby Globe to their home screen. The challenge officially begins May 11. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:17}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:17|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where the global preference for enabling syntax highlighting in wikitext could unexpectedly disable itself after being turned on, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T425286] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The ResourceLoader module <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>mediawiki.ui.input</nowiki></code></bdi>, deprecated since [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/39|September 2023]], will be removed this week. There is a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex/Migrating_from_MediaWiki_UI|guide for migrating from MediaWiki UI to Codex]] for any tools that use it. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T420125] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.2|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/20|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W20"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 2026年5月11日 (月) 19:20 (UTC) <!-- User:STei (WMF)@metawiki が https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30524429 のリストを使用して送信したメッセージ --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-21</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W21"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/21|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The Abstract Wikipedia team has identified five potential pilot wikis to assess their interest in adopting abstract articles on their wikis. The pilots are Malayalam, Bengali, Dagbani, Arabic, and Indonesian Wikipedia. The feedback period will be open until May 22. If your community is interested in becoming a pilot, [[m:Talk:Abstract Wikipedia|let us know on Meta]]. '''Updates for editors''' * An experiment to show [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/Reading lists|Reading Lists]] to logged-out readers on mobile web will launch on May 18 across German, Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, Polish, Dutch, Turkish, and Urdu Wikipedias, and will run for one month. The effort supports broader goals of helping readers save and organize articles for later reading, while encouraging habits that could lead to future Wikipedia contributions. * To support a bookmark button in the Reading List beta feature, the "Tools > Action" menu has been updated to display icons, including the watch star indicator that helps editors identify temporarily watched articles. The icons now also match those used on mobile, improving consistency across platforms. The change is currently limited to the actions menu and mainly affects editors with privileged user rights. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T426008] * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Suggestion Mode|Suggestion Mode]] was released as an [[w:en:A/B test|A/B test]] for newcomer editors on the mobile website at [[phab:T421189|~15 Wikipedias]]. The experiment will measure the impact that Suggestion Mode has on the proportion of newcomer mobile web edit sessions that result in constructive (un-reverted) article edits. The experiment will also evaluate the feature's impact on editor retention, and monitor changes in revert and block rates. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue in the Wikipedia Android app where images could sometimes fail to load after opening a recommended reading list notification, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418231] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata Platform|Wikidata Platform team]] has published its [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:SPARQL query service/WDQS backend update/Backend Replacement|backend replacement recommendation]] and accompanying [[wikitech:Wikidata Query Service/WDQS Architecture re-design|technical architecture]] for the migration of the Wikidata Query Service (WDQS) away from Blazegraph. Feedback is invited until May 25th 2026, especially on potential gaps and impacts on advanced use cases. Wikidata community members and WDQS users are also encouraged to help identify high-impact tools and workflows that may need attention on [[d:Wikidata:SPARQL query service/WDQS backend update/High-Impact Use Cases|this page]]. Feedback can be shared on the [[d:Wikidata talk:SPARQL query service/WDQS backend update|Migration talk page]] or during the [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Blazegraph Migration Office Hours|next office hour]]. See the [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Wikidata Platform team/Newsletter|WDP team newsletter]] for more details. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.3|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * On English, French, Japanese, and a few other Wikipedias, there was a [[diffblog:2025/09/02/better-detecting-bots-and-replacing-our-captcha/|trial of hCaptcha]], a third-party bot detection service. The trial showed that hCaptcha effectively detects and deters some bad-faith automated activity, on its own and by giving [[w:en:Wikipedia:Village pump (technical)/Archive 225#Introducing SuggestedInvestigations|checkusers and stewards]] signals to look into. Because the results were positive, hCaptcha will be rolled out across all wikis over the next few weeks. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Anti-abuse signals/hCaptcha|See the hCaptcha project page]] for technical information about the implementation and privacy protections. [[diffblog:2026/05/04/better-detecting-bots-and-replacing-our-captcha-part-2/|Learn more]]. * The latest Community Tech update is now available, with progress across several Community Wishlist initiatives, including Reading Lists expansion from the mobile app to the website, new language support for "Who Wrote That" and the Personal Dashboard, improvements to 3D rendering and Charts, and upcoming work on talk page sorting, audio playback, and editing workflows. The update also shares current priorities, wishlist status trends, and opportunities for community feedback on future focus areas and the Wikimedia Foundation’s 2026–2027 Annual Plan. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Updates#May 13, 2026: Latest updates from the Community Tech team|Read the full newsletter for details]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/21|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W21"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 2026年5月18日 (月) 20:21 (UTC) <!-- User:STei (WMF)@metawiki が https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30539262 のリストを使用して送信したメッセージ --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-22</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W22"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/22|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Following a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments#LOWM|successful account creation experiment]], an improved logged-out edit warning message will be deployed to all Wikimedia wikis in the first week of June. The change will only affect logged-out users on mobile web who open an editing session. The updated experience is designed to encourage account creation more clearly, while still allowing users to edit with temporary accounts. Results from the experiment showed a significant increase in account creation, with a 27% relative lift among users shown the updated message. As expected, as more people funnel into account creation, temporary accounts decreased by a relative 16%. The experiment did not show any significant changes in constructive edit rates or other monitored contributor metrics. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T424595] '''Updates for editors''' * For security reasons, members of certain user groups are [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Mandatory two-factor authentication for users with some extended rights|required to have two-factor authentication]] (2FA) enabled. Members of these groups will be unable to disable the last 2FA method on their account, and it will be impossible to add users without 2FA to these groups. Users will still be able to add new authentication methods or remove them, as long as at least one method is continuously enabled. In the next few weeks, users without 2FA will be removed from these groups. Notably, this applies to bureaucrats. See the linked tasks for deployment schedules. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T423119][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T423120] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes|WMDE Technical Wishes]] will run an [[w:en:A/B testing|A/B test]] on [[:phab:T415904|10 wikis]], testing [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/Reference Previews|potential improvements for Reference Previews]]. The experiment will run for ~2 weeks at the end of May / beginning of June and will affect 10% of desktop readers on the participating wikis. * After two successful experiments, the Reader Growth team is rolling out an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/Image Browsing|Image Browsing]] beta feature for all Wikipedias on mobile on May 25. This means that anyone who has all beta features on by default will start to see this feature, and others can check the box to turn it on in their preferences. The beta feature will include a carousel of all an article's images at the top of the article, with controls for editors to [[mw:Readers/Reader_Growth/Image_Browsing#Phase_2.1_beta_feature|exclude images from the article's carousel or to exclude an article from the feature entirely]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:30}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:30|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, three dimensional STL files were being rendered incorrectly by the media viewer 3D extension which is now fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416723] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The legacy CSS classes <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>tleft</nowiki></code></bdi> and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>tright</nowiki></code></bdi> have been replaced with <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>floatleft</nowiki></code></bdi> and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>floatright</nowiki></code></bdi> as the former do not work consistently across all MediaWiki platforms, notably mobile web and mobile apps. Projects relying on these classes are encouraged to review related usage and plan for migration. Please note that <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>floatleft</nowiki></code></bdi> and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>floatright</nowiki></code></bdi> may also be deprecated in future, although there are currently no plans to do so. [[phab:T426452|Read more]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.4|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/22|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W22"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 2026年5月25日 (月) 21:52 (UTC) <!-- User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki が https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30584502 のリストを使用して送信したメッセージ --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Vote now in the 2026 U4C election</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> Eligible voters are asked to participate in the 2026 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] election. More information–including an eligibility check, voting process information, candidate information, and a link to the vote–are available on Meta at the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|2026 Election information page]]. The vote closes on 2 June 2026 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1780358400 00:00 UTC]. Please vote if your account is eligible. Results will be available by 14 June 2026. -- In cooperation with the U4C,<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 2026年5月27日 (水) 17:15 (UTC) <!-- User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki が https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=30513860 のリストを使用して送信したメッセージ --> == ESEAP Strategy Summit 2027開催決定のお知らせ == 先日開催された、[[meta:ESEAP Conference 2026|ESEAP Conference 2026]]にて、来年2027年5月にESEAP Strategy Summit 2027を大阪で開催することが発表されました。詳細はこれからの検討事項となりますが、決定次第[[meta:ESEAP Strategy Summit 2027|ESEAP Strategy Summit 2027]]のページにて公開されるほか、適宜こちらのお知らせにて随時投稿させていただきますので、興味のある方、当日お手伝いなどいただける方はMeta-WikiのESEAP Strategy Summit 2027のページをご確認いただくか、[[meta:Wikimedians of Japan User Group|Wikimedians of Japan User Group]]にメンバーとして参加いただくことをご検討ください。--[[利用者:VZP10224(WjpUG)|VZP10224(WjpUG)]] ([[利用者・トーク:VZP10224(WjpUG)|トーク]]) 2026年5月28日 (木) 11:26 (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-23</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W23"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/23|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|Reader Experience team]] is conducting an experiment to show the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/Reading lists|reading lists]] feature, which is still in development, to logged-out mobile readers to test whether it encourages account creation at a higher rate compared to the watchstar button. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/Reading lists#Experiment timeline|experiment]] was launched on May 18th on German, Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, Polish, Dutch, Turkish, and Urdu wikis, and it will run for a month. * The Wikimedia Apps team released [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Explore Feed Refresh/Phase 1|Phase 1]] of the redesigned Home Feed to the Android Beta app. The new Home Feed includes a refreshed "Community" tab and a personalized "For You" tab featuring daily updated reading recommendations. The redesign is part of a broader effort to improve content discovery and create more engaging learning experiences in the Wikipedia apps. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:18}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:18|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where images could fail to load for some suggested edits on [[w:Special:Homepage|Special:Homepage]], leaving the thumbnail stuck in a loading state, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T424048] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.5|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/23|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W23"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 2026年6月1日 (月) 21:08 (UTC) <!-- User:STei (WMF)@metawiki が https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30613639 のリストを使用して送信したメッセージ --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-24</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W24"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/24|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Wikimedia Enterprise has increased the free usage limits for its API offerings. The monthly request limit for the On-demand API has increased from 5,000 to 50,000 requests, while the Snapshot API limit has increased from 15 to 30 requests per month. In addition, Structured Contents snapshots are now available for free accounts. These changes expand access to Wikimedia Enterprise data for developers, researchers, and organizations using Wikimedia content. [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/enhanced-free-api] '''Updates for editors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Apps/Team/Explore Feed Refresh/Phase 1|refreshed Explore Feed]], now called the Home Feed, is rolling out to 50% of users of the Wikipedia Android app. The Home Feed helps readers discover relevant content through two new tabs: ''Community'' and ''For You''. The Community tab provides a scrollable feed of curated content and updates from the broader Wikimedia community and movement, while the ''For You'' tab offers a full-screen, swipeable experience that shows content tailored to a user's interests. The redesign is part of a broader effort to improve discovery and enhance the learning experience in the Wikipedia app. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS/"Which came first?" Game|Which came first?]] daily trivia game is now available in the beta version of the Wikipedia iOS app in English, German, French, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, Arabic, Chinese, and Turkish. The game uses historical events from Wikipedia's "On This Day" content and challenges readers to guess which of two events happened first. The game was previously released on Android. Communities interested in making the game available in their languages can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Apps/Team/Games#Game availability by language|read the instructions and requirements]]. * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|Sub-referencing]], a new MediaWiki feature that allows editors to reuse references with different details, will begin rolling out to Wikimedia wikis following a successful pilot phase. Deployment will start on 8 June for most [[wikitech:Deployments/Train#Wednesday|Group 1 wikis]] and French Wikipedia, with additional Wikipedia language editions receiving the feature over the coming months. Communities are encouraged to prepare by checking for [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&group=ext-cite&language=en&action_source=search&filter=%21translated&optional=1&action=translate untranslated Cite extension messages] in their language and reviewing any use of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reference Tooltips|Reference Tooltips]], which may require [[:phab:T416304#11668731|updates]] to support the new functionality. Wikis using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Reference Previews|Reference Previews]] do not need to take any action. Communities may also wish to create the ''cite-tracking-category-ref-details'' [[Special:TrackingCategories|tracking category]] as a hidden category using <code><nowiki>__HIDDENCAT__</nowiki></code> (or a dedicated template), and connect it to the corresponding Wikidata item [[d:Q129764848]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T425662] * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/Mobile page previews#Experimentation|Page Previews experiment]] on mobile web has concluded. The team decided not to roll out the feature after the results showed no statistically significant impact on reader retention, as the primary success metric was retention improvement. Page Previews, which are already available on desktop and in the apps, display a thumbnail, lead paragraph, and link to the full article when readers tap a blue link. The experiment tested this experience on mobile web across six Wikipedias. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex/Design/Icons|user interface icon library]] will be [[phab:T399175|updated later this week or next week]]. Most of the ~300 icons have been slightly refined and ~30 new icons have been added. These changes improve the icons to make them more consistent and comprehensible, and provide more visual balance when they are used in groups. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Language Selector|Universal Language Selector]] (ULS) interface in MediaWiki, which helps users select content in other languages, has been updated. The new version improves speed and accessibility, and users of Wikimedia projects can now pin languages for quicker language switching. The deployment to Wikimedia sites will happen gradually in the coming weeks. You can test it now as a beta feature by selecting [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta features]] in your profile preferences and share your feedback on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Language Selector/New ULS|the project page]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where the Pageviews Analysis dashboard on pageviews.wmcloud.org stopped updating graph data in May 2026, affecting all users, has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T427171] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The function signature for <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>mw.util.addPortletLink()</nowiki></code></bdi> has been simplified. Developers can now pass a configuration object instead of a list of positional parameters when creating portlet links. The previous function signature remains supported for backwards compatibility. For example, instead of: <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>mw.util.addPortletLink('p-cactions', '#', 'Stub', 'ca-stubtag', 'Add a stub tag to this page');</nowiki></code></bdi> use <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>mw.util.addPortletLink('p-cactions', { href: '#', text: 'Stub', id: 'ca-stubtag', tooltip: 'Add a stub tag to this page' });</nowiki></code></bdi>. Script maintainers are encouraged to review existing uses of <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>addPortletLink()</nowiki></code></bdi> and update them where appropriate. This change will be available on all wikis from 11 June. Thanks to community volunteer Gerges for contributing this improvement. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T427945] * '''Community Wishlist discussion''': Product & Technology [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Updates#May 20, 2026: Community Tech becomes a program|introduced changes]] meant to increase the number and complexity of wishes fulfilled, including the disbanding of the Community Tech team. They are [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Updates|engaging in discussions]] about a [[m:Talk:Community Wishlist#Proposed direction for Wishlist|proposed direction for the wishlist]] from community members. Includes ways to structure annual voting, better tracking of wishes, removing focus areas, and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Updates|staffing updates]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.6|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/24|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W24"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 2026年6月8日 (月) 21:30 (UTC) <!-- User:STei (WMF)@metawiki が https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30650573 のリストを使用して送信したメッセージ --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-25</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W25"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/25|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth|Reader Growth team]] has launched an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/Image Browsing|Image Browsing]] beta feature on the mobile web version of all Wikipedias. The feature shows an image carousel at the top of articles with 3 or more images. Editors can configure this feature with the following controls: to hide a specific image from a page, either use <code>class=notpageimage</code> excluding it from thumbnail previews, or <code>class=noviewer</code> excluding it from MediaViewer. The carousel can also be disabled from a page entirely, with the magic word <code><nowiki>__NOMEDIAVIEWERCAROUSEL__</nowiki></code>. To submit feedback or flag bugs, please visit the [[mw:Talk:Readers/Reader Growth/Image Browsing|project page]]. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Tables#class="wikitable"|Wikitables]] can now be [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Sortable tables#Forcing the initial sort direction|sorted in descending order]] on the first click by adding <code dir=ltr>data-sort-order="desc"</code> to the header cell. Previously, by default, clicking a column header for the first time sorts it in ascending order. This addition to a Wikitable gives it more control and flexibility, while the default behavior for subsequent clicks remains unchanged. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398416] '''Updates for editors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|Article guidance]] feature is currently being tested with some editors creating new articles on the Simple English, French, and Turkish Wikipedias. The experiment will soon begin on the Arabic and Bangla Wikipedias as well. [[w:simple:Special:NewArticle|This feature]] gives editors community-curated guidance to help them create articles that follow community standards. Experienced editors can continue creating or adapting outlines for specific article types that are commonly created by less experienced contributors. The outlines guide less experienced editors in creating high-quality articles. A quick guide to markups used in outlines can be found on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance/Test feature guide#Markups in outlines|this page]]. [[w:simple:Wikipedia:Article Guidance|Example outlines]] that can be adapted and instructions for how to adapt them are on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance#Adapting a sample outline in a Wikipedia|this section]] of the project page. * Wikis that wish to replace the "indefinitely" button in Special:Block for temporary accounts (for example, wikis that block temporary users only until account expiration) will be able to do so by creating [[MediaWiki:ipb-indefinite-expiry-temporary-account]] with the block duration they want. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T427125] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:41}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:41|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * By the end of June, a valid user-agent string will be required for automated dumps downloads from the dumps.wikimedia.org website. Automated requests that provide a generic or empty user-agent will be blocked. This [[phab:T400119|extends enforcement]] of the long standing [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Wikimedia Foundation User-Agent Policy|user-agent policy]]. Access to dumps through Wikimedia Cloud Services will not change. * The roll out of global [[mw:Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|API rate limits]] is now complete, with limits enforced across all APIs and at the documented levels for all groups. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki remain exempt. All bots should continue to follow the documented best practices to avoid being rate limited. * The [https://api.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page API Portal wiki] will be read only starting this week (June 15-18). The following week (June 22-25), all API Portal wiki URLs will redirect to [[mw:Wikimedia APIs|Wikimedia APIs on mediawiki.org]]. Learn more on the [[wikitech:API Portal/Deprecation|project page]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.7|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * On June 17th at 6pm UTC the WMF will be holding Discord call focused on a code review. We've heard through the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Developer Satisfaction Survey/2026|Developer Satisfaction Survey]] that volunteers are struggling with code review and we'd like to discuss these experiences with the goal of surfacing workable solutions. You can join the call [https://discord.gg/wikipedia?event=1514727511102062664 via the Wikimedia Community Discord server]. * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Conferencia Wikimedia de América Latina 2026|Latin American Wikimedia Conference]] will host a regional hackathon that will bring together the Wikimedia movement’s technical community including developers, system administrators, data scientists, and users with extended rights. Interested technical contributors can [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSf4osJzTHBJjQbYJk7TMVEJjTEQv7IgtsUDfP-o-qTgeRQQxw/viewform apply for a scholarship] to participate until June 21 at midnight (Bolivia time, UTC-4). * Sign up for Wikimania Team Challenges to join this special event. The Team challenges will take place online and in person from July 21 to 22, before Wikimania conference. Everyone is welcome, regardless of skills or Wikimania registration. Teams will work on 10 important challenges supporting the Wikimedia community. For details, visit [[wmania:Special:MyLanguage/2026:Team challenges|the Team Challenges page]] and [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/wm/teamchallenges/ register there]. Registration closes on June 20th at 11pm UTC. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/25|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W25"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 2026年6月15日 (月) 16:48 (UTC) <!-- User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki が https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30689604 のリストを使用して送信したメッセージ --> == 技術ニュース: 2026-26 == <section begin="technews-2026-W26"/><div class="plainlinks"> ウィキメディア技術コミュニティの最新版'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|技術ニュース]]'''です。他の利用者にも下記の変更についてお伝えください。直接の影響はない項目も含まれる場合があります。このニュースは各言語に[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/26|翻訳]]されています。 '''今週のハイライト''' * 成長機能 [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Feature summary|Growth features]] を[[phab:T418115|ウィキデータで使えるようにしました]]。今回の更新により（[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Mentorship|設定済みなら]]）アクセスできるようになるのは、メンター制度 Mentorship、影響モジュールとヘルプ・パネルならびに簡略版の新規参加者用ホームページ^※です（おすすめ編集は対象外）（"※"＝Impact module、the Help Panel、simplified Newcomer Homepage。）。ウィキデータ管理者の皆さんはコミュニティ設計を介して、この機能の設定を進めている最中です。 '''編集者対象の更新''' * [[{{#special:RangeCalculator}}]] 特別ページを作成しました。外部のツールに頼らなくても、利用者の皆さんが IP アドレスの範囲を検出できるようにします。以前、このツールはチェックユーザー専用でした。 [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T268429] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|補参照]] Sub-referencing とはメディアウィキの新機能であり、同じ典拠を再利用して違う引用箇所を使えるようにします。ウィキペディアのうち6月23日に小規模、中規模の言語版のほとんどに導入予定です。[[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#deployment|よくある質問]] FAQ には、皆さんの言語版で導入を進める操作を一覧にしました。導入の次の段階は、[[:phab:T414094|ロールアウトの計画]]をご一読願います。 [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T428902] * 来週以降、利用者が編集ブロックを受けたり解除されたとき、あるいはブロックそのものが変更されたときは、通知が届くようになります。 [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T100974] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|定例]] コミュニティが提出した{{PLURAL:32|タスク類}}のうち[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|先週の解決分]] {{formatnum:32}} 件に目を通してください。 '''技術系貢献者への情報更新''' * 来週以降、不正利用フィルタのうち「CAPTCHA 認証が必要」なものは、<code>skipcaptcha</code> 権限を預かる利用者も対象となり、自動認証を受ける利用者のほとんどが含まれます。ボット類は対象外です。この変更の影響は、不正利用フィルタが作動する編集に限定されます。<code>skipcaptcha</code> 権限を預かる利用者は引き続き、そのウィキメディア・プロジェクトの日頃の利用に際して CAPTCHA 認証を免除されます。 [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402595] * [[wikitech:Machine_Learning/LiftWing/API|リフト・ウィング API]] Lift Wing API の参照用解説文書を移動、従来の API ポータルではなく双方向の [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?api=lift-wing&title=Special%3ARestSandbox REST サンドボックス]に置きました。 * API ポータル・ウィキを閉鎖しました。API 解説文書類は、[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_APIs|mediawiki.org に置いたウィキメディア API]].を参照してください。API ポータル・ウィキの URL（https://api.wikimedia.org/wiki/）は全件、6月22日以降は mediawiki.org ページへリダイレクトします。 [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T427537] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|定例]] 今週後半にかけて以下のコード更新を予定しています。 [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.8|MediaWiki]] '''ミーティングとイベント''' * 6月25日 2:30pm UTC より、[[mw:Google_Summer_of_Code/2026|Google サマー・オブ・コード]] Summer of Code ならびに [[mw:Outreachy/Round_32|アウトリーチー]] Outreachy に参加するウィキメディアのインターンの皆さんとオンラインで集会をします。インターンの皆さんから、それぞれプロジェクト概要の説明と、それぞれの作業の現状を短く実演してもらいます。参加された皆さんはぜひ[[mw:event:Google_Summer_of_Code/Summer_2026_June_Internship_open_session|見聞きした発想をそれぞれのコミュニティで共有して人脈作りにご協力ください]]。 '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|技術ニュース]]'''は[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|技術大使]]によって準備され[[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|ボット]]によって配信されています&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|寄稿]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/26|翻訳]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|相談]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|フィードバック]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|購読/購読解除]]'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W26"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 2026年6月23日 (火) 13:05 (UTC) <!-- User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki が https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30722494 のリストを使用して送信したメッセージ --> == RFC about AI-generated content in Wikimedia Commons == <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">Apologies for writing in English, please help translate this message to your language. You are invited to participate in a [[c:Commons:Requests for comment/Policy update for AI content|request for comment on Wikimedia Commons about a policy update for AI content]]. This may affect files that are uploaded to Wikimedia Commons for use on this project. Thank you. [[m:User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]] ([[m:User talk:Codename Noreste|トーク]])</bdi> 2026年6月23日 (火) 17:12 (UTC) <!-- User:Codename Noreste@metawiki が https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=30513860 のリストを使用して送信したメッセージ --> == ビューロクラットへの推薦 == [[Wiktionary:管理者の立候補・信任#利用者:Yapparina]]におきまして、Yapparinaさんをビューロクラットに推薦しておりますのでお知らせいたします。--[[利用者:20041027 tatsu|20041027 tatsu]] ([[利用者・トーク:20041027 tatsu|トーク]]) 2026年6月25日 (木) 08:26 (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Deployment of Legal and Safety Contacts Link in the Footer of Your Wiki</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="Message"/> '''Legal & Safety Contacts''' Hello community, the Wikimedia Foundation has provided a [[wmf:Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Wikimedia Foundation Legal and Safety Contact Information|single legal and safety contact page]], to be linked in the footer of your wiki, to ensure access to accurate legal information. This is a regulatory requirement. We have already rolled out links to English, German, Italian, Spanish and other wikis and we will deploy to your wiki soon. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_and_Safety_Contacts_FAQ|Please read more on the project page]] and leave any comments in this thread or on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Legal and Safety Contacts FAQ|talk page]]. <section end="Message"/> </div> -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 2026年6月25日 (木) 13:31 (UTC) <!-- User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki が https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Sannita_(WMF)/Mass_sending_test&oldid=30731267 のリストを使用して送信したメッセージ --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-27</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W27"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/27|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * As part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments|Account Creation Experiments]], the Growth team tested adding a user account icon in the mobile web header for logged-out users, providing direct access to "Create account" and "Log in" actions. The experiment increased account creation by about 20% without negatively affecting edit quality or constructive edit rates. The feature will now be rolled out to all Wikimedia Foundation wikis on mobile web in the first week of July. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T428220] * After a [[phab:T426248|successful experiment]], logged-in users who did not [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Email_confirmation|confirm their email address]] when their account was created see a new banner asking them to complete that process. This helps reduce the risk that users get locked out of their account, and makes account email addresses overall more reliable. This is part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security|Account Security]] project. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T428292] * An update to [[Special:Search|Search]] is refining how the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>-prefix:</nowiki></code></bdi> behaves when used to exclude results. Previously, using <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>-prefix:</nowiki></code></bdi> with negation could unintentionally broaden search results by adding the namespaces included in the search scope, leading to confusing behavior for users expecting a straightforward exclusion filter. With the update, <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>-prefix:</nowiki></code></bdi> will now strictly exclude matching page titles as intended and may display a warning if the relevant namespace has not been explicitly selected. The behavior of <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>prefix:</nowiki></code></bdi> without negation however remains unchanged. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T427443] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:33}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:33|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where reviewers using the Page Curation toolbar were not automatically subscribed to talk page discussions they started has now been fixed. Reviewers will now receive notifications when someone replies to those discussions. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T329346] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Starting June 29th, automated downloads from the dumps.wikimedia.org website will be subject to the [[Foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Wikimedia Foundation User-Agent Policy|user-agent policy]]. Automated requests that provide a generic or empty user-agent will be blocked. Access to dumps through Wikimedia Cloud Services remains unaffected. This is a follow up to the announcement made in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/25|2026/25 issue of Tech News]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.9|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/27|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W27"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 2026年6月29日 (月) 11:48 (UTC) <!-- User:STei (WMF)@metawiki が 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Mandarin|Kunming={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=昆明|category=西南官話}}<!-- -->|Lanzhou Mandarin|Lanzhou={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=蘭州|category=蘭銀官話}}<!-- -->|leet={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=leet|category=leet}}<!-- -->|less formal={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=くだけた表現|category=}}<!-- -->|LGBT={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[LGBT]]|category=性的指向}}<!-- -->|Limba Sarda Comuna={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=リンバ・サルダ・コムナ|category=}}<!-- -->|Liuzhou Mandarin={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=柳州|category=西南官話}}<!-- -->|literally|literal={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=逐語的に|category=}}<!-- -->|Loosely|loosely={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=大まかに|category=}}<!-- -->|Lukang Hokkien|Lukang={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=鹿港|category=台湾語}}<!-- -->|Luoyang Mandarin|Luoyang={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=洛陽|category=中原官話}}<!-- -->|Magong Hokkien|Magong={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=馬公|category=台湾語}}<!-- -->|middle|middle voice={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[中動態]]|category=}}<!-- -->|mildly={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=控えめに|category=}}<!-- -->|mostly={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=概ね|category=}}<!-- 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-->|perhaps|possibly={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=恐らく|category=}}<!-- -->|predicative only={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=叙述用法のみ|category=}}<!-- -->|Quanzhou Hokkien|Quanzhou={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=泉州|category=方言}}<!-- -->|reciprocal={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=お互いに|category=}}<!-- -->|restrictive only={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=限定用法のみ|category=}}<!-- -->|Sanxia Hokkien|Sanxia={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=三峽|category=方言}}<!-- -->|science fiction|scifi|SF|sf={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=SF|category=SF}}<!-- -->|Shenyang Mandarin|Shenyang={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=瀋陽|category=東北官話}}<!-- -->|slightly|somewhat={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=やや|category=}}<!-- -->|sometimes={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=時々|category=}}<!-- -->|southern Lakota={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:サウスダコタ州|サウスダコタ州]]|category=南部方言}}<!-- -->|strong={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=強い|category=}}<!-- -->|Taichung Hokkien|Taichung={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=台中|category=台湾語}}<!-- -->|Tainan Hokkien|Tainan={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=台南|category=台湾語}}<!-- -->|Taipei Hokkien|Taipei={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=台北|category=台湾語}}<!-- -->|Tianjin Mandarin|Tianjin|Tianjinese|Tianjinese Mandarin={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=天津|category=冀魯官話}}<!-- -->|Tong'an Hokkien|Tong'an={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=同安|category=方言}}<!-- -->|uncommon={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=非標準|category=}}<!-- -->|Upper Silesia={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=上シレジア|category=}}<!-- -->|used with se={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=+ '''se''' で|category=}}<!-- -->|usually={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=通常|category=}}<!-- -->|usually in plural|usually in the plural|usually plural={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=通常複数形で|category=}}<!-- -->|very={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=非常に|category=}}<!-- -->|western={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=西部|category=}}<!-- -->|World Wide Web|world wide web|WWW|www={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[ワールドワイドウェブ|World Wide Web]]|category=World Wide Web}}<!-- -->|Wuhan Mandarin|Hankou|Hankow|Wuhan={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=武漢|category=西南官話}}<!-- -->|Xiamen Hokkien|Xiamen={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:廈門語|廈門]]|category=方言}}<!-- -->|Xichang Mandarin|Xichang={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=西昌|category=西南官話}}<!-- -->|Xining Mandarin|Xining={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=西寧|category=蘭銀官話}}<!-- -->|Xuzhou Mandarin|Xuzhou={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=徐州|category=中原官話}}<!-- -->|Yangzhou Mandarin|Yangzhou={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=揚州|category=江淮官話}}<!-- -->|Yilan Hokkien|Yilan={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=宜蘭|category=台湾語}}<!-- -->|Yinchuan Mandarin|Yinchuan={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=銀川|category=蘭銀官話}}<!-- -->|Yongchun Hokkien|Yongchun={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=永春|category=台湾語}}<!-- -->|YouTube|Youtube|youtube={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:YouTube|YouTube]]|category=World Wide Web}}<!-- -->|Yunnan Mandarin={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=雲南|category=西南官話}}<!-- -->|Zhangping Hokkien|Zhangping={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=漳平|category=方言}}<!-- -->|Zhangzhou Hokkien|Zhangzhou|Changchew={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=漳州|category=方言}}<!-- -->|Zhao'an Hokkien|Zhao'an={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=詔安|category=方言}}<!-- -->|Ürümqi Mandarin|Urumqi|Urumqi Mandarin|Ürümqi={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ウルムチ|category=蘭銀官話}}<!-- -->|アーチェリー|archery={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=アーチェリー|category=アーチェリー}}<!-- -->|アームレスリング|armwrestling={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=アームレスリング|category=アームレスリング}}<!-- -->|アイオリス方言|アイオリス|Aeolic={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=アイオリス方言|category=アイオリス方言}}<!-- -->|愛玩犬|toy dog={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=愛玩犬|category=愛玩犬}}<!-- -->|合気道|aikido={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[合気道]]|category=合気道}}<!-- -->|挨拶|greeting={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[挨拶]]|category=挨拶}}<!-- -->|アイスクリーム|ice cream={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[アイスクリーム]]|category=アイスクリーム}}<!-- -->|アイススケート|ice skating={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[アイススケート]]|category=アイススケート}}<!-- -->|アイスホッケー|ice hockey={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[アイスホッケー]]|category=アイスホッケー}}<!-- -->|アイルランド={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[アイルランド]]|category=アイルランド}}<!-- -->|アイルランド英語|アイルランド変種|Ireland|Irish|IE={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=アイルランド|category=アイルランド英語}}<!-- -->|アオイ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:アオイ科|アオイ科]]|category=アオイ科}}<!-- -->|アオイ目={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:アオイ目|アオイ目]]|category=アオイ目}}<!-- -->|アカクソチトラン|Acaxochitlán={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=アカクソチトラン|category=アカクソチトラン方言}}<!-- -->|アカザ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:アカザ科|アカザ科]]|category=アカザ科}}<!-- -->|アカテツ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:アカテツ科|アカテツ科]]|category=アカテツ科}}<!-- -->|アカネ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:アカネ科|アカネ科]]|category=アカネ科}}<!-- -->|アカマンボウ目={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:アカマンボウ目|アカマンボウ目]]|category=アカマンボウ目}}<!-- -->|アカリア科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:アカリア科|アカリア科]]|category=アカリア科}}<!-- -->|アサ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:アサ科|アサ科]]|category=アサ科}}<!-- -->|アジア|Asia={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[アジア]]|category=アジア}}<!-- -->|アジア史={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:アジア史|アジア史]]|category=アジア史}}<!-- -->|アジアの国|アジアの国名={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=アジアの国|category=アジアの国名}}<!-- -->|アステリズム={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[アステリズム]]|category=アステリズム}}<!-- -->|アッティカ方言|アッティカ|Attic|att={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:アッティカ方言|アッティカ方言]]|category=アッティカ方言}}<!-- -->|アトリ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:アトリ科|アトリ科]]|category=アトリ科}}<!-- -->|アニメ|animation={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[アニメ]]|category=アニメ}}<!-- -->|アブラナ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:アブラナ科|アブラナ科]]|category=アブラナ科}}<!-- -->|アブラナ目={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:アブラナ目|アブラナ目]]|category=アブラナ目}}<!-- -->|アフリカ|Africa={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[アフリカ]]|category=アフリカ}}<!-- -->|アフリカ史={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:アフリカ史|アフリカ史]]|category=アフリカ史}}<!-- -->|アフリカの国|アフリカの国名={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=アフリカの国|category=アフリカの国名}}<!-- -->|アフリカ変種={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=アフリカ|category=アフリカ{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|アミノ酸|amino acid={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[アミノ酸]]|category=アミノ酸}}<!-- -->|雨|rain={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[あめ|雨]]|category=雨}}<!-- -->|アメカメカ|Amecameca={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=アメカメカ|category=アメカメカ方言}}<!-- -->|アメリカ合衆国|United States|united states|United States of America|united states of America|USA|usania|US of A|U.S. of A.|usonia={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[アメリカ合衆国]]|category=アメリカ合衆国}}<!-- -->|アメリカ合衆国の州={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=アメリカ合衆国の州|category=アメリカ合衆国の州}}<!-- -->|アメリカ史={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:アメリカ史|アメリカ史]]|category=アメリカ史}}<!-- -->|アメリカ西部|米西部|Western US={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=アメリカ西部|category=アメリカ西部方言}}<!-- -->|アメリカ南部|米南部|southern US|Southern US={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=アメリカ南部|category=アメリカ南部}}<!-- -->|アメリカンフットボール|アメフト|American football={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[アメリカンフットボール]]|category=アメリカンフットボール}}<!-- -->|アヤメ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:アヤメ科|アヤメ科]]|category=アヤメ科}}<!-- -->|アライグマ科|procyonid={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:アライグマ科|アライグマ科]]|category=アライグマ科}}<!-- -->|アラビア語|Arabic={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=アラビア語関連|category=アラビア語に関連する語}}<!-- -->|蟻|ant={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[あり|蟻]]|category=蟻}}<!-- -->|アルジェリア変種|Algeria={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=アルジェリア|category=アルジェリア{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|アルスター|Ulster={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=アルスター|category=アルスター方言}}<!-- -->|アルゼンチンスペイン語|アルゼンチン変種|Argentina={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=アルゼンチン|category=アルゼンチンスペイン語}}<!-- -->|アルティメット|ultimate={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[アルティメット]]|category=アルティメット}}<!-- -->|アングリア|Anglian={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=アングリア|category=アングリア方言}}<!-- -->|アングロ・ノルマン|Anglo-Norman={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=アングロ・ノルマン|category=アングロ・ノルマン語}}<!-- -->|安渓|Anxi Hokkien|Anxi={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=安渓|category=方言}}<!-- -->|鮟鱇={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[鮟鱇]]|category=鮟鱇}}<!-- -->|アンダルシア|Andalucía={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:アンダルシア方言|アンダルシア]]|category=アンダルシア方言}}<!-- -->|居合道|iaido={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[居合道]]|category=居合道}}<!-- -->|イェ方言|Ijekavian={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=イェ方言|category=イェ方言}}<!-- -->|イオニア方言|イオニア|Ionic|ion={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=イオニア方言|category=イオニア方言}}<!-- -->|医学|medicine|Medical|medical={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[医学]]|category=医学}}<!-- -->|イギリス|United Kingdom={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[イギリス]]|category=イギリス}}<!-- -->|イギリス系パキスタン英語|イギリス系パキスタン|British Pakistani={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=イギリス系パキスタン英語|category=イギリス系パキスタン{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|囲碁|go={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[囲碁]]|category=囲碁}}<!-- -->|椅子|chair={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[椅子]]|category=椅子}}<!-- -->|イスカテペク|Ixcatepec={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=イスカテペク|category=イスカテペク方言}}<!-- -->|イスラエル変種|Israel={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=イスラエル|category=イスラエル{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|イスラム教|Islam|islam={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[イスラム教]]|category=イスラム教}}<!-- -->|位相空間論={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:位相空間論|位相空間論]]|category=位相空間論}}<!-- -->|イタチ科|mustelid={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:イタチ科|イタチ科]]|category=イタチ科}}<!-- -->|イタリア={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[イタリア]]|category=イタリア}}<!-- -->|イタリア語={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=イタリア語関連|category=イタリア語に関連する語}}<!-- -->|イタリア変種|Italian|Italy={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=イタリア|category=イタリア{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|イデオロギー|ideology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[イデオロギー]]|category=イデオロギー}}<!-- -->|遺伝学|genetics|genetics+={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[遺伝学]]|category=遺伝学}}<!-- -->|犬|dog={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[いぬ|犬]]|category=犬}}<!-- -->|イヌ科|canid={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:イヌ科|イヌ科]]|category=イヌ科}}<!-- -->|イネ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:イネ科|イネ科]]|category=イネ科}}<!-- -->|イネ目={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:イネ目|イネ目]]|category=イネ目}}<!-- -->|イノシシ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:イノシシ科|イノシシ科]]|category=イノシシ科}}<!-- -->|イ方言|Ikavian={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=イ方言|category=イ方言}}<!-- -->|イラン方言|Iran={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=イラン|category=イラン方言}}<!-- -->|医療|healthcare={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[医療]]|category=医療}}<!-- -->|医療関連の職業|healthcare occupation={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=医療関連の職業|category=医療関連の職業}}<!-- -->|医療機器|medical equipment={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=医療機器|category=医療機器}}<!-- -->|衣類|clothing={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[衣類]]|category=衣類}}<!-- -->|色|color={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[いろ|色]]|category=色}}<!-- -->|イロン|Iron={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=イロン方言|category=イロン方言}}<!-- -->|イングランド北部|英北部|North England|Northern England={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=イングランド北部|category=イングランド北部方言}}<!-- -->|イングランド南部|英南部|South England|Southern England|Southern English={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=イングランド南部|category=イングランド南部方言}}<!-- -->|隠語={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[隠語]]|category=俗語}}<!-- -->|印刷|printing={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[印刷]]|category=印刷}}<!-- -->|飲食|食事={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[飲食]]|category=飲食}}<!-- -->|飲食店|restaurant={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[飲食店]]|category=飲食店}}<!-- -->|インターネット|internet|Internet={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[インターネット]]|category=インターネット}}<!-- -->|インターネットスラング|internet slang|Internet slang={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:インターネットスラング|インターネットスラング]]|category=インターネットスラング}}<!-- -->|インド|India={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[インド]]|category=インド}}<!-- -->|インド英語|India={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:インド英語|印]]|category=インド英語}}<!-- -->|インド史={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:インド史|インド史]]|category=インド史}}<!-- -->|インド神話|インド神話|Hindu god|Hindu mythology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:インド神話|インド神話]]|category=インド神話}}<!-- -->|インドタミル語|インドタミル語|Indian Tamil|Indian Tamil={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=インド|category=インドタミル語}}<!-- -->|インド変種|Indian={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=インド|category=インド{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|韻律|prosody={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[韻律]]|category=韻律}}<!-- -->|飲料|beverage={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[飲料]]|category=飲料}}<!-- -->|ヴァラダール|Vallader={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ヴァラダール|category=ヴァラダール}}<!-- -->|ウィーゼマン式綴り|ウィーゼマン式|ウィーゼマン|Wiesemann={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ウィーゼマン式綴り|category=ウィーゼマン式綴り}}<!-- -->|ヴィーディングハルデ|Wiedingharde={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ヴィーディングハルデ|category=ヴィーディングハルデ方言}}<!-- -->|ウィキ|wiki={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[ウィキ]]|category=ウィキ}}<!-- -->|ウイルス|virus={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[ウイルス]]|category=ウイルス}}<!-- -->|ウイルス学|virology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[ウイルス学]]|category=ウイルス学}}<!-- -->|ウイルス性疾患|viral disease|vital disease|vital diseases={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ウイルス性疾患|category=ウイルス性疾患}}<!-- -->|ウィンタースポーツ={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[ウィンタースポーツ]]|category=ウィンタースポーツ}}<!-- -->|ウィンドサーフィン|windsurfing={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[ウィンドサーフィン]]|category=ウィンドサーフィン}}<!-- -->|ウーリ語|ウーリ|Uri|Urseren={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ウーリ語|category=ウーリ語}}<!-- -->|ウェイクボード|wakeboarding={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[ウェイクボード]]|category=ウェイクボード}}<!-- -->|ウェールズ北部|North Wales={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ウェールズ北部|category=ウェールズ北部方言}}<!-- -->|ウェールズ南部|South Wales={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ウェールズ南部|category=ウェールズ南部方言}}<!-- -->|ウェセックス|West Saxon={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ウェセックス方言|category=ウェセックス方言}}<!-- -->|ウォータースポーツ={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[ウォータースポーツ]]|category=ウォータースポーツ}}<!-- -->|ウクライナ|Ukraine={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[ウクライナ]]|category=ウクライナ}}<!-- -->|ウクライナ語|Ukranian={{#swithc:{{{2}}}|label=ウクライナ語関連|category=ウクライナ語に関連する語}}<!-- -->|ウクライナ変種={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ウクライナ|category=ウクライナ{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|ウクライナ史={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ウクライナ史|category=ウクライナ史}}<!-- -->|ウコギ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:ウコギ科|ウコギ科]]|category=ウコギ科}}<!-- -->|牛={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[うし|牛]]|category=牛}}<!-- -->|ウシ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:ウシ科|ウシ科]]|category=ウシ科}}<!-- -->|宇宙船|spacecraft={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=宇宙船|category=宇宙船}}<!-- -->|鰻|eel={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[うなぎ|鰻]]|category=鰻}}<!-- -->|馬|horse={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[うま|馬]]|category=馬}}<!-- -->|ウマ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:ウマ科|ウマ科]]|category=ウマ科}}<!-- -->|海鳥={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[海鳥]]|category=海鳥}}<!-- -->|ウリ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:ウリ科|ウリ科]]|category=ウリ科}}<!-- -->|ウルグアイスペイン語|ウルグアイ変種|Uruguay={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ウルグアイ|category=ウルグアイスペイン語}}<!-- -->|ウルシ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:ウルシ科|ウルシ科]]|category=ウルシ科}}<!-- -->|運動|exercise={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[運動]]|category=運動}}<!-- -->|運動選手|athlete={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=運動選手|category=運動選手}}<!-- -->|映画|film={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[映画]]|category=映画}}<!-- -->|英語|English={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=英語関連|category=英語に関連する語}}<!-- -->|英国英語|British|British spelling|Britain|Commonwealth spelling|UK={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:イギリス英語|イギリス]]|category=英国英語}}<!-- -->|衛生|衛生学|hygiene|medical hygiene={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[衛生]]|category=衛生}}<!-- -->|栄養|栄養学|nutrition={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[栄養]]|category=栄養}}<!-- -->|英連邦|Commonwealth={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=英連邦|category=英連邦英語}}<!-- -->|疫学|epidemiology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[疫学]]|category=疫学}}<!-- -->|エクアドルスペイン語|エクアドル変種|Ecuador={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=エクアドル|category=エクアドルスペイン語}}<!-- -->|エジプト神話|エジプト神話|Egyptian god|Egyptian mythology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:エジプト神話|エジプト神話]]|category=エジプト神話}}<!-- -->|エストニア南方言|South Estonian={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=エストニア南方言|category=エストニア南方言}}<!-- -->|エネルギー|energy={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[エネルギー]]|category=エネルギー}}<!-- -->|エピック方言|エピック|Epic|epi={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=エピック方言|category=エピック方言}}<!-- -->|エ方言|Ekavian={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=エ方言|category=エ方言}}<!-- -->|エマージェンシー・サービス={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=エマージェンシー・サービス|category=エマージェンシー・サービス}}<!-- -->|エメギル|Emegir={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=エメギル|category=エメギル}}<!-- -->|エメサル|Emesal={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=エメサル|category=エメサル}}<!-- -->|エルサルバドルスペイン語|エルサルバドル変種|El Salvador={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=エルサルバドル|category=エルサルバドルスペイン語}}<!-- -->|婉曲表現|婉曲|euphemism|euphemistic={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=婉曲表現|category=婉曲表現}}<!-- -->|園芸|horticulture={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[園芸]]|category=園芸}}<!-- -->|演劇|theater={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[演劇]]|category=演劇}}<!-- -->|延辺方言|延辺|Yanbian={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=延辺方言|category=延辺方言}}<!-- -->|オイペン|Eupen={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=オイペン|category=オイペン方言}}<!-- -->|応用科学={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=応用科学|category=応用科学}}<!-- -->|オーヴェルニュ|Auvergnat={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:オーヴェルニュ語|オーヴェルニュ]]|category=オーヴェルニュ語}}<!-- -->|狼|wolf={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[おおかみ|狼]]|category=狼}}<!-- -->|オークニー|Orkney={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=オークニー|category=オークニー方言}}<!-- -->|オーストラリア|Australia={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=オーストラリア|category=オーストラリア}}<!-- -->|オーストラリア変種|AU|Australian={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=オーストラリア|category=オーストラリア{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|オーストリア変種|Austria|Austrian={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=オーストリア|category=オーストリア{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|オーストラリアンフットボール|Australian rules football={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:オーストラリアンフットボール|オーストラリアンフットボール]]|category=オーストラリアンフットボール}}<!-- -->|オートバイ|motorcycle={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[オートバイ]]|category=オートバイ}}<!-- -->|オートバイ競技|motorcycle racing={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=オートバイ競技|category=オートバイ競技}}<!-- -->|オカルト|occult={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[オカルト]]|category=オカルト}}<!-- -->|オセロ={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[オセロ]]|category=オセロ}}<!-- -->|オセアニア史={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=オセアニア史|category=オセアニア史}}<!-- -->|オセアニアの国|オセアニアの国名={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=オセアニアの国|category=オセアニアの国名}}<!-- -->|オタワ峡谷|Ottawa Valley={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=オタワ峡谷|category=オタワ峡谷{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|オトギリソウ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:オトギリソウ科|オトギリソウ科]]|category=オトギリソウ科}}<!-- -->|斧道|onodo={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[斧道]]|category=斧道}}<!-- -->|オノマトペ|onomatopée|onomatopoeia={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[オノマトペ]]|category=オノマトペ}}<!-- -->|オランダ={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[オランダ]]|category=オランダ}}<!-- -->|オランダ語|Dutch={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=オランダ語関連|category=オランダ語に関連する語}}<!-- -->|オランダ変種|Netherland|Netherlands={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=オランダ|category=オランダ{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|オルムルム|Ormulum={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:オルムルム|オルムルム]]|category=オルムルムの綴り}}<!-- -->|音韻論|phonology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[音韻論]]|category=音韻論}}<!-- -->|音楽|music={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[音楽]]|category=音楽}}<!-- -->|音楽家|musician={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=音楽家|category=音楽家}}<!-- -->|音声学|phonetics={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[音声学]]|category=音声学}}<!-- -->|オンタリオ|Ontario={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=オンタリオ|category=オンタリオ方言}}<!-- -->|陰陽道={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=陰陽道|category=陰陽道}}<!-- -->|蛾|ガ={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ガ|category=ガ}}<!-- -->|カードゲーム|card game|card games|cards={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=カードゲーム|category=カードゲーム}}<!-- -->|カーリング|curling={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=カーリング|category=カーリング}}<!-- -->|ガーンジー|Guernsey={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ガーンジー|category=ガーンジー島語}}<!-- -->|海牛類={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=海牛類|category=海牛類}}<!-- -->|会計|accounting={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=会計|category=会計}}<!-- -->|外交={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=外交|category=外交}}<!-- -->|外肛動物={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=外肛動物|category=外肛動物}}<!-- -->|海事|nautical={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=海事|category=海事}}<!-- -->|解析学|mathematical analysis={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=解析学|category=解析学}}<!-- -->|解析力学|analytical mechanics={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=解析力学|category=解析力学}}<!-- -->|カイピラ|Caipira={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=カイピラ方言|category=方言}}<!-- -->|解剖学|anatomy={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=解剖学|category=解剖学}}<!-- -->|カイ方言|Kajkavian={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=カイ方言|category=カイ方言}}<!-- -->|海綿動物={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=海綿動物|category=海綿動物}}<!-- -->|海洋学|oceanography={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=海洋学|category=海洋学}}<!-- -->|海洋名|ocean|sea={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=海洋名|category=海洋名}}<!-- -->|貝類学={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=貝類学|category=貝類学}}<!-- -->|蛙|frog={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=蛙|category=蛙}}<!-- -->|科学|science|sciences={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=科学|category=科学}}<!-- -->|化学|chemistry={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=化学|category=化学}}<!-- -->|雅楽={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=雅楽|category=雅楽}}<!-- -->|科学技術={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=科学技術|category=科学技術}}<!-- -->|科学者|scientist={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=科学者|category=科学者}}<!-- -->|化学物質={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=化学物質|category=化学物質}}<!-- -->|化学プロセス|chemical process|chemical processes={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=化学プロセス|category=化学プロセス}}<!-- -->|火器|firearm|firearms={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=火器|category=火器}}<!-- -->|カキノキ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=カキノキ科|category=カキノキ科}}<!-- -->|蝸牛|snail={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=蝸牛|category=蝸牛}}<!-- -->|格|case={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=格|category=格}}<!-- -->|家具|furniture={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=家具|category=家具}}<!-- -->|学位|academic degree|academic degrees={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=学位|category=学位}}<!-- -->|格式ばった表現|格式|公式|formal={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=格式ばった表現|category=格式ばった表現}}<!-- -->|格助詞={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=格助詞|category=助詞 格助詞}}<!-- -->|革翅類={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=革翅類|category=革翅類}}<!-- -->|格闘技={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=格闘技|category=格闘技}}<!-- -->|核兵器|nuclear weapon|Nuclear weapon={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=核兵器|category=核兵器}}<!-- -->|学名={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=学名|category=学名}}<!-- -->|確率論={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=確率論|category=確率論}}<!-- -->|蜉蝣={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=蜉蝣|category=蜉蝣}}<!-- -->|カサレヴサ|katharevousa|Katharevousa={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=カサレヴサ|category=カサレヴサ}}<!-- -->|火山学|volcanology|vulcanology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=火山学|category=火山学}}<!-- -->|可算名詞|可算|countable|countable+={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=可算|category=可算名詞}}<!-- -->|菓子|sweets|dessert={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=菓子|category=菓子}}<!-- -->|果実|fruit|fruits={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=果実|category=果実}}<!-- -->|ガスコーニュ語|ガスコーニュ|Gascon|Gascony={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ガスコーニュ|category=ガスコーニュ語}}<!-- -->|風|wind={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=風|category=風}}<!-- -->|河川名|河川|river={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=河川名|category=河川名}}<!-- -->|家族|family={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=家族|category=家族}}<!-- -->|カダヤシ目={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=カダヤシ目|category=カダヤシ目}}<!-- -->|カタバミ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=カタバミ科|category=カタバミ科}}<!-- -->|カタバミ目={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=カタバミ目|category=カタバミ目}}<!-- -->|楽器|musical instrument={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=楽器|category=楽器}}<!-- -->|学校|school={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=学校|category=学校}}<!-- -->|活動体|animate={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=活動体|category=活動体}}<!-- -->|活版印刷|typography={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=活版印刷|category=活版印刷}}<!-- -->|ガッルーラ|Gallurese={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ガッルーラ|category=ガッルーラ・サルデーニャ語}}<!-- -->|カトリック|Catholicism|Catholic|katholiek|Roman Catholic={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=カトリック|category=カトリック}}<!-- -->|カナダ|🇨🇦={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=カナダ|category=カナダ}}<!-- -->|カナダ大西洋州|大西洋カナダ|Atlantic Canada={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=カナダ大西洋州|category=大西洋カナダ{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|カナダ変種|Canada|Canadian|CA|CAN={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=カナダ|category=カナダ{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|カナディアンフットボール|Canadian football={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=カナディアンフットボール|category=カナディアンフットボール}}<!-- -->|カナリー諸島|Canarias={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=カナリー諸島|category=カナリー諸島方言}}<!-- -->|蟹|crab={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=蟹|category=蟹}}<!-- -->|カヌースポーツ|canoeing={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=カヌースポーツ|category=カヌースポーツ}}<!-- -->|カバディ|kabaddi={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=カバディ|category=カバディ}}<!-- -->|カバノキ科|kabaddi={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=カバノキ科|category=カバノキ科}}<!-- -->|歌舞伎|kabuki={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=歌舞伎|category=歌舞伎}}<!-- -->|被り物|帽子|headwear={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=被り物|category=被り物}}<!-- -->|花粉学|palynology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=花粉学|category=花粉学}}<!-- -->|カポエイラ|capoeira={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=カポエイラ|category=カポエイラ}}<!-- -->|紙|paper={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=紙|category=紙}}<!-- -->|髪|hair={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=髪|category=髪}}<!-- -->|亀|turtle={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=亀|category=亀}}<!-- -->|カラス目={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=カラス目|category=カラス目}}<!-- -->|空手道|空手|karate={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=空手道|category=空手道}}<!-- -->|カランガ方言|カランガ|Karanga={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=カランガ|category=カランガ方言}}<!-- -->|カルコーフォロ語|カルコーフォロ|Carcoforo={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=カルコーフォロ語|category=カルコーフォロ語}}<!-- -->|カルボン酸|Carboxylic acid={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=カルボン酸|category=カルボン酸}}<!-- -->|かわうそ={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=かわうそ|category=かわうそ}}<!-- -->|眼科学|ophthalmology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=眼科学|category=眼科学}}<!-- -->|カンガルー|macropod|macropods={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=カンガルー|category=カンガルー}}<!-- -->|環境|environment={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=環境|category=環境}}<!-- -->|咸鏡|함경|Hamgyeong={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=咸鏡|category=六鎮方言}}<!-- -->|玩具|おもちゃ|toy|toys={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=玩具|category=玩具}}<!-- -->|環形動物={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=環形動物|category=環形動物}}<!-- -->|看護学|nursing={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=看護学|category=看護学}}<!-- -->|韓国={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=韓国|category=韓国}}<!-- -->|韓国語|South Korea={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=韓国語|category=韓国語}}<!-- -->|韓国の都市|city in South Korea={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=韓国の都市|category=韓国の都市}}<!-- -->|関係詞|relative={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=関係詞|category=関係詞}}<!-- -->|関数|function={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=関数|category=関数}}|<!-- -->|関数解析学|関数解析|函数解析学|函数解析|位相解析学|位相解析|functional analysis={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=関数解析学|category=関数解析学}}|<!-- -->|感情動詞={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=感情動詞|category=感情動詞}}<!-- -->|岩石|rock={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=岩石|category=岩石}}<!-- -->|岩石学|petrology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=岩石学|category=岩石学}}<!-- -->|間投詞句={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=間投詞句|category=成句 間投詞句}}<!-- -->|咸南|咸鏡南道|함남|South Hamgyeong={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=咸南|category=六鎮方言}}<!-- -->|カンピダーノ|Campidanese={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=カンピダーノ|category=カンピダーノ・サルデーニャ語}}<!-- -->|漢文={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=漢文|category=漢文}}<!-- -->|咸北|咸鏡北道|함북|North Hamgyeong={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=咸北|category=六鎮方言}}<!-- -->|カンボジア変種|Cambodia={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=カンボジア|category=カンボジア{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|換喩|metonymy|metonymic|metonymically={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[換喩]]|category=換喩}}<!-- -->|慣用句={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=慣用句|category=慣用句}}<!-- -->|慣用的表現|idiomatic={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=慣用的表現|category=慣用的表現}}<!-- -->|カンラン科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=カンラン科|category=カンラン科}}<!-- -->|木|tree={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=木|category=木}}<!-- -->|機械|machine={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=機械|category=機械}}<!-- -->|機械工学|mechanical engineering={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=機械工学|category=機械工学}}<!-- -->|幾何学|geometry={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=幾何学|category=幾何学}}<!-- -->|器官|organ={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=器官|category=器官}}<!-- -->|器官系|organ system={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=器官系|category=器官系}}<!-- -->|鰭脚類={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=鰭脚類|category=鰭脚類}}<!-- -->|キク科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=キク科|category=キク科}}<!-- -->|キク目={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=キク目|category=キク目}}<!-- -->|季語|kigo={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=季語|category=季語}}<!-- -->|季語 春|春={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=春の季語|category=季語 春}}<!-- -->|季語 夏|夏={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=夏の季語|category=季語 夏}}<!-- -->|季語 秋|秋={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=秋の季語|category=季語 秋}}<!-- -->|季語 冬|冬={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=冬の季語|category=季語 冬}}<!-- -->|季語 三春|三春={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=三春の季語|category=季語 三春}}<!-- -->|季語 三夏|三夏={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=三夏の季語|category=季語 三夏}}<!-- -->|季語 三秋|三秋={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=三秋の季語|category=季語 三秋}}<!-- -->|季語 三冬|三冬={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=三冬の季語|category=季語 三冬}}<!-- -->|季語 初春|初春={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=初春の季語|category=季語 初春}}<!-- -->|季語 初夏|初夏={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=初夏の季語|category=季語 初夏}}<!-- -->|季語 初秋|初秋={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=初秋の季語|category=季語 初秋}}<!-- -->|季語 初冬|初冬={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=初冬の季語|category=季語 初冬}}<!-- -->|季語 仲春|仲春={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=仲春の季語|category=季語 仲春}}<!-- -->|季語 仲夏|仲夏={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=仲夏の季語|category=季語 仲夏}}<!-- -->|季語 仲秋|仲秋={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=仲秋の季語|category=季語 仲秋}}<!-- -->|季語 仲冬|仲冬={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=仲冬の季語|category=季語 仲冬}}<!-- -->|季語 晩春|晩春={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=晩春の季語|category=季語 晩春}}<!-- -->|季語 晩夏|晩夏={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=晩夏の季語|category=季語 晩夏}}<!-- -->|季語 晩秋|晩秋={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=晩秋の季語|category=季語 晩秋}}<!-- -->|季語 晩冬|晩冬={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=晩冬の季語|category=季語 晩冬}}<!-- -->|季語 新年|新年|新春={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=新年の季語|category=季語 新年}}<!-- -->|気候|気候学|climatology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=気候|category=気候}}<!-- -->|疑似科学|pseudoscience={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=疑似科学|category=疑似科学}}<!-- -->|キジカクシ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=キジカクシ科|category=キジカクシ科}}<!-- -->|キジカクシ目={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=キジカクシ目|category=キジカクシ目}}<!-- -->|技術|technology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=技術|category=技術}}<!-- -->|気象|気象学|meteorology|weather={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=気象|category=気象}}<!-- -->|基数|cardinal|cardinal number|cardinal numbers={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=基数|category=基数}}<!-- -->|季節|season|seasons={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=季節|category=季節}}<!-- -->|寄生虫学|parasitology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=寄生虫学|category=寄生虫学}}<!-- -->|北アイルランド|Northern Ireland={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=北アイルランド|category=北アイルランド方言}}<!-- -->|北アゼルバイジャン|North Azerbaijani={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=北アゼルバイジャン|category=北アゼルバイジャン語}}<!-- -->|北アメリカ={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=北アメリカ|category=北アメリカ}}<!-- -->|北アメリカ史={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=北アメリカ史|category=北アメリカ史}}<!-- -->|北ゲルマン|North Germanic={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=北ゲルマン|category=北ゲルマン方言}}<!-- -->|北朝鮮={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=北朝鮮|category=北朝鮮}}<!-- -->|北ベトナム|northern Vietnam|Northern Vietnam|North Vietnam ={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=北ベトナム|category=北部方言}}<!-- -->|北ポタワトミ|northern Potawatomi={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=北ポタワトミ|category=北ポタワトミ語}}<!-- -->|北ヨーロッパ史={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=北ヨーロッパ史|category=北ヨーロッパ史}}<!-- -->|キックボクシング|kickboxing={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=キックボクシング|category=キックボクシング}}<!-- -->|キッチン器具|kitchenware={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=キッチン器具|category=キッチン器具}}<!-- -->|狐|fox={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=狐|category=狐}}<!-- -->|奇蹄類|odd-toed ungulate={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=奇蹄類|category=奇蹄類}}<!-- -->|記念日|observance={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=記念日|category=記念日}}<!-- -->|疑問詞|interrogative={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=疑問詞|category=疑問詞}}<!-- -->|逆成語|逆成|back form|back-form|backform={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=逆成語|category=逆成語}}<!-- -->|球技|ball game={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=球技|category=球技}}<!-- -->|救急医療={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=救急医療|category=救急医療}}<!-- -->|旧国名={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=旧国名|category=旧国名}}<!-- -->|弓術={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=弓術|category=弓術}}<!-- -->|旧首都={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=旧首都|category=旧首都}}<!-- -->|弓道|kyudo={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=弓道|category=弓道}}<!-- -->|キューバスペイン語|キューバ変種|Cuba={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=キューバ|category=キューバスペイン語}}<!-- -->|稀用|まれ|rare={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=まれ|category=稀用}}<!-- -->|教育|education={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=教育|category=教育}}<!-- -->|教会ラテン語|Ecclesiastical Latin|EL|EL.={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:教会ラテン語|教会ラテン語]]|category=教会ラテン語}}<!-- -->|鋏角類={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=鋏角類|category=鋏角類}}<!-- -->|狂言|kyogen={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=狂言|category=狂言}}<!-- -->|共産主義|communism={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=共産主義|category=共産主義}}<!-- -->|行政|public administration={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=行政|category=行政}}<!-- -->|キョウチクトウ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=キョウチクトウ科|category=キョウチクトウ科}}<!-- -->|恐怖症|phobia={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=恐怖症|category=恐怖症}}<!-- -->|恐竜={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=恐竜|category=恐竜}}<!-- -->|棘皮動物|echinoderm={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=棘皮動物|category=棘皮動物}}<!-- -->|極限|limit={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=極限|category=極限}}<!-- -->|魚類学|ichthyology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=魚類学|category=魚類学}}<!-- -->|ギリシア|ギリシャ|Greece={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ギリシア|category=ギリシア}}<!-- -->|ギリシア語|ギリシャ語|Greek={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ギリシア語関連|category=ギリシア語に関連する語}}<!-- -->|ギリシア神話|ギリシャ神話|Greek god|Greek mythology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ギリシア神話|category=ギリシア神話}}<!-- -->|ギリシア正教|ギリシャ正教|Greek Orthodoxy={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ギリシャ正教|category=キリスト教}}<!-- -->|キリスト教|Christ|Christian|Christianity={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=キリスト教|category=キリスト教}}<!-- -->|冀魯官話|Jilu Mandarin|Ji-Lu|Ji-Lu Mandarin|Jilu={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=冀魯官話|category=冀魯官話}}<!-- -->|禁忌語|禁忌表現|proscribed={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=禁忌語|category=禁忌語}}<!-- -->|緊急自動車|emergency vehicle={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=緊急自動車|category=緊急自動車}}<!-- -->|金魚={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=金魚|category=金魚}}<!-- -->|銀行|bank={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=銀行|category=銀行}}<!-- -->|近親相姦|incest={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=近親相姦|category=近親相姦}}<!-- -->|金属|metal={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=金属|category=金属}}<!-- -->|金属工学={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=金属工学|category=金属工学}}<!-- -->|近代ラテン語|New Latin|lang:New Latin|NL|NL.={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=近代ラテン語|category=近代ラテン語}}<!-- -->|キントラノオ目={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=キントラノオ目|category=キントラノオ目}}<!-- -->|筋肉|muscle={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=筋肉|category=筋肉}}<!-- -->|金融|finance={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=金融|category=金融}}<!-- -->|菌類|fungi={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=菌類|category=菌類}}<!-- -->|菌類学|mycology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=菌類学|category=菌類学}}<!-- -->|グアテマラスペイン語|グアテマラ変種|Guatemala={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=グアテマラ|category=グアテマラスペイン語}}<!-- -->|空間|space={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=空間|category=空間}}<!-- -->|草|grass={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=草|category=草}}<!-- -->|クスノキ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=クスノキ科|category=クスノキ科}}<!-- -->|クスノキ目={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=クスノキ目|category=クスノキ目}}<!-- -->|句前置詞={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=句前置詞|category=句前置詞}}<!-- -->|クマ科|ursid={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=クマ科|category=クマ科}}<!-- -->|雲|cloud={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=雲|category=雲}}<!-- -->|蜘蛛|spider={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=蜘蛛|category=蜘蛛}}<!-- -->|蜘蛛形類={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=蜘蛛形類|category=蜘蛛形類}}<!-- -->|クライミング|climbing={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=クライミング|category=クライミング}}<!-- -->|グラフィカルユーザインタフェース|graphical user interface={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=グラフィカルユーザインタフェース|category=グラフィカルユーザインタフェース}}<!-- -->|グラフ理論|graph theory={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=グラフ理論|category=グラフ理論}}<!-- -->|クリケット|cricket={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=クリケット|category=クリケット}}<!-- -->|クリスマス|christmas|Christmas|CHRISTMAS|xmas|Xmas={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=クリスマス|category=クリスマス}}<!-- -->|クルミ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=クルミ科|category=クルミ科}}<!-- -->|クレーフェルト|Krefeld={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=クレーフェルト|category=クレーフェルト方言}}<!-- -->|グレッソネイ|Gressoney={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=グレッソネイ語|category=グレッソネイ語}}<!-- -->|クロアチア語|Croatia|Croatian={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=クロアチア|category=クロアチア語}}<!-- -->|クロウメモドキ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=クロウメモドキ科|category=クロウメモドキ科}}<!-- -->|クロッケー|croquet={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=クロッケー|category=クロッケー}}<!-- -->|クワ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=クワ科|category=クワ科}}<!-- -->|軍艦={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=軍艦|category=軍艦}}<!-- -->|軍事|military={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=軍事|category=軍事}}<!-- -->|君主制|monarchy={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=君主制|category=君主制}}<!-- -->|軍隊の階級|military rank={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=軍隊の階級|category=軍隊の階級}}<!-- -->|軍用機={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=軍用機|category=軍用機}}<!-- -->|軍用車両={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=軍用車両|category=軍用車両}}<!-- -->|経営学|management={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=経営学|category=経営学}}<!-- -->|京畿|京畿道|경기|Gyeonggi={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=京畿|category=方言}}<!-- -->|鯨偶蹄類|鯨偶蹄目|even-toed ungulate={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=鯨偶蹄類|category=鯨偶蹄類}}<!-- -->|敬語|honorific={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=敬語|category=敬語}}<!-- -->|敬語 丁寧語|丁寧語={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=丁寧語|category=敬語 丁寧語}}<!-- -->|敬語 尊敬語|尊敬語|reverential={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=尊敬語|category=敬語 尊敬語}}<!-- -->|敬語 謙譲語|謙譲語|humble={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=謙譲語|category=敬語 謙譲語}}<!-- -->|尊辞={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=尊辞|category=敬語 尊辞}}<!-- -->|謙辞={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=謙辞|category=敬語 謙辞}}<!-- -->|経済|経済学|economy|economics={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=経済|category=経済}}<!-- -->|警察|police={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=警察|category=警察}}<!-- -->|計算機科学|computer science={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=計算機科学|category=計算機科学}}<!-- -->|計算言語学|computational linguistics={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=計算言語学|category=計算言語学}}<!-- -->|計時|timekeeping={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=計時|category=計時}}<!-- -->|形式科学|formal science={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=形式科学|category=形式科学}}<!-- -->|芸術|art|arts={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=芸術|category=芸術}}<!-- -->|芸術家|artist={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=芸術家|category=芸術家}}<!-- -->|慶尚|Gyeongsang|경상={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=慶尚|category=方言}}<!-- -->|計測機器|measuring instrument={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=計測機器|category=計測機器}}<!-- -->|形態論={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=形態論|category=形態論}}<!-- -->|慶南|경남={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=慶南|category=方言}}<!-- -->|芸能={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=芸能|category=芸能}}<!-- -->|競馬|horse racing={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=競馬|category=競馬}}<!-- -->|ケイビング|caving={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ケイビング|category=ケイビング}}<!-- -->|軽侮語|pejorative={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=軽侮語|category=軽侮語}}<!-- -->|慶北|경북={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=慶北|category=方言}}<!-- -->|刑務所スラング|prison slang={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=刑務所スラング|category=刑務所スラング}}<!-- -->|形容詞句={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=形容詞句|category=成句 形容詞句}}<!-- -->|鯨類|cetacean={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=鯨類|category=鯨類}}<!-- -->|ゲートボール|gateball={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ゲートボール|category=ゲートボール}}<!-- -->|ケープブレトン|ケープブレトン英語|Cape Breton={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ケープブレトン島|category=ケープブレトン{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|ゲーム|game={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ゲーム|category=ゲーム}}<!-- -->|ゲーム理論={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ゲーム理論|category=ゲーム理論}}<!-- -->|ゲーリックフットボール|Gaelic football={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ゲーリックフットボール|category=ゲーリックフットボール}}<!-- -->|外科学|surgery={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=外科学|category=外科学}}<!-- -->|ゲグ方言|ゲグ|Gheg={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ゲグ方言|category=ゲグ方言}}<!-- -->|化粧品|cosmetic|cosmetics={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=化粧品|category=化粧品}}<!-- -->|血液学|hematology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=血液学|category=血液学}}<!-- -->|結婚|marriage={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=結婚|category=結婚}}<!-- -->|欠如動詞|defective={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=欠如動詞|category=欠如動詞}}<!-- -->|齧歯類|rodent={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=齧歯類|category=齧歯類}}<!-- -->|ケニア変種|Kenya|Kenyan={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ケニア|category=ケニア{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|ケベック|Quebec|Québec={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ケベック|category=ケベック{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|ケルクラーデ方言|ケルクラーデ|Kirchröadsj={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ケルクラーデ|category=ケルクラーデ方言}}<!-- -->|ケルト神話|ケルト神話|Celtic god|Celtic mythology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ケルト神話|category=ケルト神話}}<!-- -->|ゲルマン神話|ゲルマン神話|Germanic god|Germanic mythology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ゲルマン神話|category=ゲルマン神話}}<!-- -->|ケルン語|Kölsch={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ケルン語|category=ケルン語}}<!-- -->|言語学|linguistics|linguistique={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=言語学|category=言語学}}<!-- -->|言語名|言語|langue|language|lang={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=言語|category=言語名}}<!-- -->|元首|heads of state={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=元首|category=元首}}<!-- -->|剣術={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=剣術|category=剣術}}<!-- -->|原生生物|protist={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=原生生物|category=原生生物}}<!-- -->|建設機械={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=建設機械|category=建設機械}}<!-- -->|元素|chemical element={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=元素|category=元素}}<!-- -->|元素記号={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=元素記号|category=元素記号}}<!-- -->|建築|建築学|architecture={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=建築|category=建築}}<!-- -->|ケント|Kentish={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ケント|category=ケント方言}}<!-- -->|剣道|kendo={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=剣道|category=剣道}}<!-- -->|憲法|constitutional law={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=憲法|category=憲法}}<!-- -->|コイ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=コイ科|category=コイ科}}<!-- -->|コイ目={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=コイ目|category=コイ目}}<!-- -->|コイネー|Koine|Koine Greek={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=コイネー|category=コイネー}}<!-- -->|語彙論|lexicology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=語彙論|category=語彙論}}<!-- -->|黄海|黄海道|황해|Hwanghae={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=黄海|category=方言}}<!-- -->|工学|engineering={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=工学|category=工学}}<!-- -->|光学|optics|light source|light sources={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=光学|category=光学}}<!-- -->|甲殻類|crustacean={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=甲殻類|category=甲殻類}}<!-- -->|後期古典ラテン語|post-Classical Latin={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:古典ラテン語|後期古典ラテン語]]|category=後期古典ラテン語}}<!-- -->|後期中英語|late ME|Late ME|Late Middle English={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=後期中英語|category=後期中英語}}<!-- -->|後期ラテン語|Late Latin|LL|LL.={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:ラテン語|後期ラテン語]]|category=後期ラテン語}}<!-- -->|高級語彙|改まった表現|higher register={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=高級語彙|category=高級語彙}}<!-- -->|合金|alloy={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=合金|category=合金}}<!-- -->|航空|aviation={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=航空|category=航空}}<!-- -->|航空機|aircraft={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=航空機|category=航空機}}<!-- -->|航空工学|aeronautics={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=航空工学|category=航空工学}}<!-- -->|光源={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=光源|category=光源}}<!-- -->|江原|Gangwon|강원={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=江原|category=方言}}<!-- -->|口語|colloquial|informal={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=口語|category=口語}}<!-- -->|考古学|archaeology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=考古学|category=考古学}}<!-- -->|江淮官話|Jianghuai Mandarin|Huai|Jiang-Huai|Jiang-Huai Mandarin|Jianghuai|Lower Yangtze Mandarin={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=江淮官話|category=江淮官話}}<!-- -->|広翅類={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=広翅類|category=広翅類}}<!-- -->|香辛料={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=香辛料|category=香辛料}}<!-- -->|香水|perfume={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=香水|category=香水}}<!-- -->|甲虫|beetle={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=甲虫|category=甲虫}}<!-- -->|交通|transport={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=交通|category=交通}}<!-- -->|肯定極性表現|肯定文で|positive polarity|in the positive={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[付録:用語集#肯定極性|肯定極性]]表現で|category=肯定極性表現}}<!-- -->|鉱物学|鉱物|mineral|mineralogy={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=鉱物学|category=鉱物学}}<!-- -->|膠遼官話|Jiaoliao Mandarin|Jiao-Liao|Jiao-Liao Mandarin|Jiaoliao={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=膠遼官話|category=膠遼官話}}<!-- -->|コーヒー|coffee={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=コーヒー|category=コーヒー}}<!-- -->|氷|ice={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=氷|category=氷}}<!-- -->|コーンウォール|Cornwall={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=コーンウォール|category=コーンウォール{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|語学={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=語学|category=語学}}<!-- -->|誤記={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=誤記|category=誤記}}<!-- -->|国際関係|International relation|international relation={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=国際関係|category=国際関係}}<!-- -->|国際単位系|SI unit={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=国際単位系|category=国際単位系}}<!-- -->|黒人英語|black en|AAVE|African-American Vernacular={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=黒人英語|category=黒人英語}}<!-- -->|国民|国籍|nationality={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=国民|category=国民}}<!-- -->|古語・廃語|古・廃|archaic={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=古語・廃語|category=古語・廃語}}<!-- -->|呉語|Wu={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=呉語関連|category=呉語に関連する語}}<!-- -->|故事成語={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=故事成語|category=故事成語}}<!-- -->|コスタリカスペイン語|コスタリカ変種|Costa Rica={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=コスタリカ|category=コスタリカスペイン語}}<!-- -->|古生物学|paleontology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=古生物学|category=古生物学}}<!-- -->|骨格|skeleton={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=骨格|category=骨格}}<!-- -->|コックニー押韻俗語|英押韻俗|Cockney rhyming slang={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=コックニー押韻俗語|category=コックニー押韻俗語}}<!-- -->|滑稽|humorous|jocular={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=滑稽|category=滑稽}}<!-- -->|古典力学={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=古典力学|category=古典力学}}<!-- -->|古代エジプト|Ancient Egypt={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=古代エジプト|category=地中海世界の歴史}}<!-- -->|古代ギリシア|古代ギリシャ|Ancient Greece={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=古代ギリシア|category=地中海世界の歴史}}<!-- -->|古代ローマ|Ancient Rome={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=古代ローマ|category=地中海世界の歴史}}<!-- -->|誇張表現|誇張|誇張的|誇張して|誇張した|exaggerated|Exaggerated={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=誇張表現|category=誇張表現}}<!-- -->|古西ノルド語|Old West Norse={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=古西ノルド語|category=古西ノルド語}}<!-- -->|古東ノルド語|Old East Norse={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=古東ノルド語|category=古東ノルド語}}<!-- -->|誤読・誤用|誤読|誤用={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=誤読・誤用|category=誤読・誤用}}<!-- -->|言葉遊び={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=言葉遊び|category=言葉遊び}}<!-- -->|ことわざ|諺|proverb={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ことわざ|category=ことわざ}}<!-- -->|コノート|Connacht={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=コノート|category=コノート方言}}<!-- -->|コピュラ|copula|copular={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=コピュラ|category=コピュラ}}<!-- -->|古北部フランス語|Old Northern French={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=古北部フランス語|category=古北部フランス語}}<!-- -->|コミカンソウ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=コミカンソウ科|category=コミカンソウ科}}<!-- -->|古用法|古|dated={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=古用法|category=古用法}}<!-- -->|語用論|pragmatics={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=語用論|category=語用論}}<!-- -->|暦={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=暦|category=暦}}<!-- -->|娯楽|entertainment={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=娯楽|category=娯楽}}<!-- -->|ゴルフ|golf={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ゴルフ|category=ゴルフ}}<!-- -->|古ロンバルド語|古ロンバルド|Old Lombard={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=古ロンバルド|category=古ロンバルド語}}<!-- -->|コロンビアスペイン語|コロンビア変種|Colombia={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=コロンビア|category=コロンビアスペイン語}}<!-- -->|コンゴ変種|Congo|DRC={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=コンゴ|category=コンゴ{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|昆虫|虫|insect={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=昆虫|category=昆虫}}<!-- -->|昆虫学|entomology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=昆虫学|category=昆虫学}}<!-- -->|コンピューターゲーム|コンピュータゲーム|テレビゲーム|ビデオゲーム|computer game|video game|video games={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=コンピューターゲーム|category=コンピューターゲーム}}<!-- -->|コンピュータグラフィックス|computer graphics={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=コンピュータグラフィックス|category=コンピュータグラフィックス}}<!-- -->|サーク|Sark={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=サーク|category=サーク島語}}<!-- -->|サーフィン|surfing={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=サーフィン|category=サーフィン}}<!-- -->|サイード|Sahidic={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=サイード|category=サイード方言}}<!-- -->|再帰代名詞się|reflexive-się={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=再帰代名詞"się"を伴って|category=再帰動詞}}<!-- -->|再帰動詞|reflexive={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=再帰動詞|category=再帰動詞}}<!-- -->|細菌学|bacteriology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=細菌学|category=細菌学}}<!-- -->|サイクリング|cycling={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=サイクリング|category=サイクリング}}<!-- -->|在日朝鮮語|Japanese Korean={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=在日|category=在日朝鮮語}}<!-- -->|細胞学|cytology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=細胞学|category=細胞学}}<!-- -->|材料科学|materials science={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=材料科学|category=材料科学}}<!-- -->|サカティアングイス|Zacatianguis={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=サカティアングイス|category=サカティアングイス方言}}<!-- -->|魚|fish={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=魚|category=魚}}<!-- -->|サガリバナ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=サガリバナ科|category=サガリバナ科}}<!-- -->|作品名|作品={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=作品名|category=作品名}}<!-- -->|酒|beer={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=酒|category=酒}}<!-- -->|鮭|salmon={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=鮭|category=鮭}}<!-- -->|蠍={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=蠍|category=蠍}}<!-- -->|作家={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=作家|category=作家}}<!-- -->|サッカー|soccer|association football={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=サッカー|category=サッカー}}<!-- -->|サッサリ|Sassarese={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=サッサリ|category=サッサリ・サルデーニャ語}}<!-- -->|殺人|murder={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=殺人|category=殺人}}<!-- -->|砂糖={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=砂糖|category=砂糖}}<!-- -->|鮫|サメ|shark={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=鮫|category=鮫}}<!-- -->|産科学|obstetrics|midwifery={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=産科学|category=産科学}}<!-- -->|三角関数|三角比|trigonometric function={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=三角関数|category=三角関数}}<!-- -->|産業機械={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=産業機械|category=産業機械}}<!-- -->|サンスクリット|Sanskrit={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=サンスクリット関連|category=サンスクリットに関連する語}}<!-- -->|サンドイッチ|sandwich={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=サンドイッチ|category=サンドイッチ}}<!-- -->|ザンビア変種|Zambia={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ザンビア|category=ザンビア{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|サンボ|sambo={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=サンボ|category=サンボ}}<!-- -->|詩|poetry={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=詩|category=詩}}<!-- -->|ジェットスポーツ|jet sports={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ジェットスポーツ|category=ジェットスポーツ}}<!-- -->|シェットランド|Shetland={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=シェットランド|category=シェットランド語}}<!-- -->|ジェンダー|gender={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ジェンダー|category=ジェンダー}}<!-- -->|シカ科|cervid={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=シカ科|category=シカ科}}<!-- -->|歯学|dentistry={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=歯学|category=歯学}}<!-- -->|視覚方言|eye dialect={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=視覚方言|category=視覚方言}}<!-- -->|時間|time={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=時間|category=時間}}<!-- -->|シク教|sikhism|Sikhism={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=シク教|category=シク教}}<!-- -->|シクンシ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=シクンシ科|category=シクンシ科}}<!-- -->|死刑|capital punishment={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=死刑|category=死刑}}<!-- -->|死語|extinct language={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=死語|category=死語名}}<!-- -->|四肢|limb={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=四肢|category=四肢}}<!-- -->|辞書学|lexicography={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=辞書学|category=辞書学}}<!-- -->|地震学|地震|seismology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[地震学]]|category=地震学}}<!-- -->|指数・対数|指数関数|対数関数|指数|対数|logarithm|exponent|exponential function={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[指数]]・[[対数]]|category=指数・対数}}<!-- -->|自然|nature={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[自然]]|category=自然}}<!-- -->|自然科学|natural science={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[自然科学]]|category=自然科学}}<!-- -->|自然災害={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[自然災害]]|category=自然災害}}<!-- -->|シソ目={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=シソ目|category=シソ目}}<!-- -->|シソ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=シソ科|category=シソ科}}<!-- -->|下着|underwear={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=下着|category=下着}}<!-- -->|自他動詞|ambitransitive={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[付録:用語集#自他動詞|自他動詞]]|category=自他動詞}}<!-- -->|詩的表現|詩的|poetic={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=詩的表現|category=詩的表現}}<!-- -->|自転車|bicycle|bike={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[自転車]]|category=自転車}}<!-- -->|自転車競技|cycle racing|cycle sport|bicycle racing|bicycle sport={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[自転車]][[競技]]|category=自転車競技}}<!-- -->|自動詞|intransitive|intransitive+={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[付録:用語集#自動詞|自動詞]]|category=自動詞}}<!-- -->|自動車|automobile={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[自動車]]|category=自動車}}<!-- -->|自動車機器|automotive={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[自動車]][[機器]]|category=自動車機器}}<!-- -->|自動車技術|automotive technology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[自動車]][[技術]]|category=自動車技術}}<!-- -->|自動車工学|automotive engineering={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[自動車]][[工学]]|category=自動車工学}}<!-- -->|自動車部品|auto part={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[自動車]][[部品]]|category=自動車部品}}<!-- -->|自動車競技|auto racing|car racing|automobile racing={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[自動車]][[競技]]|category=自動車競技}}<!-- -->|耳鼻咽喉科学|otolaryngology|otorhinolaryngology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[耳鼻咽喉科学]]|category=耳鼻咽喉科学}}<!-- -->|司法={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[司法]]|category=司法}}<!-- -->|脂肪酸|fatty acid={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[脂肪酸]]|category=脂肪酸}}<!-- -->|刺胞動物|cnidarian={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=刺胞動物|category=刺胞動物}}<!-- -->|資本主義|capitalism={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=資本主義|category=資本主義}}<!-- -->|島|island={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=島|category=島}}<!-- -->|事務用品={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=事務用品|category=事務用品}}<!-- -->|ジャージー|Jersey={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ジャージー|category=ジャージー島語}}<!-- -->|ジャイナ教|jainism|Jainism={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ジャイナ教|category=ジャイナ教}}<!-- -->|社会|society={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=社会|category=社会}}<!-- -->|社会科学|social science={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=社会科学|category=社会科学}}<!-- -->|社会学|sociology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=社会学|category=社会学}}<!-- -->|社会言語学|sociolinguistics={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=社会言語学|category=社会言語学}}<!-- -->|社会心理学|social psychology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=社会心理学|category=社会心理学}}<!-- -->|射撃競技={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=射撃競技|category=射撃競技}}<!-- -->|写真|photography={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=写真|category=写真}}<!-- -->|ジャマイカ変種|Jamaica={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ジャマイカ|category=ジャマイカ{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|車両={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=車両|category=車両}}<!-- -->|シャンチー|象棋|xiangqi={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=シャンチー|category=シャンチー}}<!-- -->|獣医学={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=獣医学|category=獣医学}}<!-- -->|宗教|religion|religious={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=宗教|category=宗教}}<!-- -->|銃剣道|jukendo={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=銃剣道|category=銃剣道}}<!-- -->|集合名詞|collective={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=集合名詞|category=集合名詞}}<!-- -->|集合論|set theory={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=集合論|category=集合論}}<!-- -->|修辞学|rhetoric={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=修辞学|category=修辞学}}<!-- -->|柔術|jujutsu={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=柔術|category=柔術}}<!-- -->|終助詞={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=終助詞|category=助詞 終助詞}}<!-- -->|柔道|judo={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=柔道|category=柔道}}<!-- -->|重量挙げ|weightlifting={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=重量挙げ|category=重量挙げ}}<!-- -->|儒教|Confucianism|confucianism={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=儒教|category=儒教}}<!-- -->|祝日|holiday={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=祝日|category=祝日}}<!-- -->|縮約形|縮約={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=縮約形|category=縮約形}}<!-- -->|首都名|首都|capital={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=首都|category=首都名}}<!-- -->|腫瘍学|oncology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=腫瘍学|category=腫瘍学}}<!-- -->|狩猟|狩り|hunting={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=狩猟|category=狩猟}}<!-- -->|手話|sign language={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=手話名|category=手話名}}<!-- -->|ショウガ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ショウガ科|category=ショウガ科}}<!-- -->|商学|commercial science={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=商学|category=商学}}<!-- -->|正月={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=正月|category=正月}}<!-- -->|ショウガ目={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ショウガ目|category=ショウガ目}}<!-- -->|将棋|shogi={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=将棋|category=将棋}}<!-- -->|条鰭類={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=条鰭類|category=条鰭類}}<!-- -->|渉禽類={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=渉禽類|category=渉禽類}}<!-- -->|状態動詞|stative={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=状態動詞|category=状態動詞}}<!-- -->|杖道|jodo={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=杖道|category=杖道}}<!-- -->|商取引|trading={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=商取引|category=商取引}}<!-- -->|商標の普通名称化|genericized trademark={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=商標の普通名称化|category=商標の普通名称化}}<!-- -->|消防|firefighting={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=消防|category=消防}}<!-- -->|情報科学={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=情報科学|category=情報科学}}<!-- -->|情報学|information science={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=情報学|category=情報学}}<!-- -->|情報技術|computing={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=情報技術|category=情報技術}}<!-- -->|少林寺拳法|shourinjikempo={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=少林寺拳法|category=少林寺拳法}}<!-- -->|初期中英語|Early ME|Early Middle English={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=初期中英語|category=初期中英語}}<!-- -->|職業|occupation={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=職業|category=職業}}<!-- -->|食肉類|carnivore={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=食肉類|category=食肉類}}<!-- -->|職人|craftsman={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=職人|category=職人}}<!-- -->|食品|food={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=食品|category=食品}}<!-- -->|植物|plant={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=植物|category=植物}}<!-- -->|植物学|botany={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=植物学|category=植物学}}<!-- -->|序数|ordinal|ordinal number|ordinal numbers={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=序数|category=序数}}<!-- -->|助数詞={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=助数詞|category=助数詞}}<!-- -->|初等関数|elementary function={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=初等関数|category=初等関数}}<!-- -->|書物|book={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=書物|category=書物}}<!-- -->|食器|cutlery={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=食器|category=食器}}<!-- -->|書道={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=書道|category=書道}}<!-- -->|助動詞|auxiliary={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[付録:用語集#助動詞|助動詞]]|category=助動詞}}<!-- -->|叙法|modal={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=叙法|category=叙法}}<!-- -->|神学|theology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=神学|category=神学}}<!-- -->|新顎類={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=新顎類|category=新顎類}}<!-- -->|シンガポール英語|シンガポール変種|Singapore={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=シンガポール|category=シンガポール英語}}<!-- -->|シンガポール華語|Singapore Mandarin|Singaporean Mandarin={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=シンガポール|category=シンガポール華語}}<!-- -->|シンガポールタミル語|Singapore Tamil|Singapore Tamil={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=シンガポール|category=シンガポールタミル語}}<!-- -->|シンガポール福建|シンガポール福建語|Singapore Hokkien|Singaporean Hokkien={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=シンガポール|category=方言}}<!-- -->|新疆官話|Xinjiang Mandarin|Xinjiang={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=新疆官話|category=新疆官話}}<!-- -->|神経解剖学|neuroanatomy={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=神経解剖学|category=神経解剖学}}<!-- -->|神経科学|neuroscience={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=神経科学|category=神経科学}}<!-- -->|神経学|neurology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=神経学|category=神経学}}<!-- -->|人口学|demography={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=人口学|category=人口学}}<!-- -->|人工言語|artificial language|constructed language={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=人工言語|category=人工言語名}}<!-- -->|信号処理|signal processing={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=信号処理|category=信号処理}}<!-- -->|人工知能|artificial intelligence={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=人工知能|category=人工知能}}<!-- -->|身体症状={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=身体症状|category=身体症状}}<!-- -->|ジンチョウゲ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ジンチョウゲ科|category=ジンチョウゲ科}}<!-- -->|神道|shinto|Shinto={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=神道|category=神道}}<!-- -->|ジンバブエ変種||Zimbabwe={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ジンバブエ|category=ジンバブエ{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|人物|of person={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=人物|category=}}<!-- -->|新聞|newspaper={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=新聞|category=新聞}}<!-- -->|人文科学|humanities={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=人文科学|category=人文科学}}<!-- -->|人名={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=人名|category=人名}}<!-- -->|心理学|psychology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=心理学|category=心理学}}<!-- -->|人類学={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=人類学|category=人類学}}<!-- -->|神話|mythology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=神話|category=神話}}<!-- -->|神話・伝説の生物|mythological creature|mythological creatures={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=神話・伝説の生物|category=神話・伝説の生物}}<!-- -->|水域|bodies of water={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=水域|category=水域}}<!-- -->|水泳|swimming={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[水泳]]|category=水泳}}<!-- -->|水球|water polo={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[水球]]|category=水球}}<!-- -->|水上スキー|water skiing={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=水上スキー|category=水上スキー}}<!-- -->|スイス変種|Swiss|Switzerland|Suisse={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=スイス|category=スイス{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|睡眠|sleep={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=睡眠|category=睡眠}}<!-- -->|睡眠生理学|sleep physiology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=睡眠生理学|category=睡眠生理学}}<!-- -->|水文学|hydrology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=水文学|category=水文学}}<!-- -->|数学|mathematics|math={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=数学|category=数学}}<!-- -->|数学記号={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=数学記号|category=数学記号}}<!-- -->|数値解析={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=数値解析|category=数値解析}}<!-- -->|数列|numerical sequence={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[数列]]|category=数列}}<!-- -->|数論|number theory={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[数論]]|category=数論}}<!-- -->|スカイスポーツ|air sports|sky sports={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=スカイスポーツ|category=スカイスポーツ}}<!-- -->|スカッシュ|squash={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=スカッシュ|category=スカッシュ}}<!-- -->|スカンク科|mephitid={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=スカンク科|category=スカンク科}}<!-- -->|スキー|skiing={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[スキー]]|category=スキー}}<!-- -->|スキムボード|skimboarding={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[スキムボード]]|category=スキムボード}}<!-- -->|図形|shape={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[図形]]|category=図形}}<!-- -->|スケート|skating={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[スケート]]|category=スケート}}<!-- -->|スケートボード|skateboarding={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=スケートボード|category=スケートボード}}<!-- -->|スケルトン|スケルトン={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[スケルトン]]|category=スケルトン}}<!-- -->|スコーネ|Scania={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=スコーネ|category=スコーネ方言}}<!-- -->|スコットランド|Scot|Scotland|Scots={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=スコットランド|category=スコットランド英語}}<!-- -->|スコットランド南部|South Scots={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=スコットランド南部|category=スコットランド南部方言}}<!-- -->|寿司|sushi={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[寿司]]|category=寿司}}<!-- -->|ストゥシルヴァン|Sutsilvan={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ストゥシルヴァン|category=ストゥシルヴァン}}<!-- -->|スヌーカー|snooker={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[スヌーカー]]|category=スヌーカー}}<!-- -->|スノーボード|snowboarding={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[スノーボード]]|category=スノーボード}}<!-- -->|スピードスケート|speed skating={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[スピードスケート]]|category=スピードスケート}}<!-- -->|スペイン={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[スペイン]]|category=スペイン}}<!-- -->|スペイン語|Spanish={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[スペイン語]]関連|category=スペイン語に関連する語}}<!-- -->|スペイン変種|Spain={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:スペイン|スペイン]]|category=スペイン{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|スペキュレイティブ・フィクション={{#switch:{{{2}}}|labbel=スペキュレイティブ・フィクション|category=スペキュレイティブ・フィクション}}<!-- -->|スポーツ|sport|sports={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[スポーツ]]|category=スポーツ}}<!-- -->|相撲|sumo={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[相撲]]|category=相撲}}<!-- -->|スラヴ神話|スラヴ神話|Slavic god|Slavic mythology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=スラヴ神話|category=スラヴ神話}}<!-- -->|スリナム変種|Suriname={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[スリナム]]|category=スリナム{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|スリランカタミル語|スリランカタミル語|Sri Lankan Tamil|Sri Lankan Tamil={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=スリランカ|category=スリランカタミル語}}<!-- -->|スルシルヴァン|Sursilvan={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=スルシルヴァン|category=スルシルヴァン}}<!-- -->|スルミラン|Surmiran={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=スルミラン|category=スルミラン}}<!-- -->|性|sexuality={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[性]]|category=性}}<!-- -->|姓|surname={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[姓]]|category=姓}}<!-- -->|生化学|biochemistry={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[生化学]]|category=生化学}}<!-- -->|性感染症={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[性感染症]]|category=性感染症}}<!-- -->|制御理論|制御工学|control theory|control engineering={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[制御理論]]|category=制御理論}}<!-- -->|性行為|sex={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[性行為]]|category=性行為}}<!-- -->|星座|constellation={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[星座]]|category=星座}}<!-- -->|政治|政治学|politics={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[政治]]|category=政治}}<!-- -->|生殖器|genitalia={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[生殖器]]|category=生殖器}}<!-- -->|聖書|Bible={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[聖書]]|category=聖書}}<!-- -->|聖書ヘブライ語|hbo|HBO={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:聖書ヘブライ語|聖書ヘブライ語]]|category=聖書ヘブライ語}}<!-- -->|精神医学|psychiatry={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=精神医学|category=精神医学}}<!-- -->|製造|manufacturing={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[製造]]|category=製造}}<!-- -->|製造業={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[製造業]]|category=製造業}}<!-- -->|政体|forms of government={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[政体]]|category=政体}}<!-- -->|生態学|ecology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[生態学]]|category=生態学}}<!-- -->|生体物質|biomolecule={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[生体物質]]|category=生体物質}}<!-- -->|性的指向|sexual orientation={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[性的指向]]|category=性的指向}}<!-- -->|西南官話|Southwestern Mandarin|Southwest Mandarin|Upper Yangtze Mandarin|southwestern Mandarin={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:西南官話|西南官話]]|category=西南官話}}<!-- -->|政府|government={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[政府]]|category=政府}}<!-- -->|生物学|biology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[生物学]]|category=生物学}}<!-- -->|生理学|physiology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[生理学]]|category=生理学}}<!-- -->|政令指定都市={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[政令指定都市]]|category=政令指定都市}}<!-- -->|世界共通ロマ語アルファベット|International Standard={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=世界共通ロマ語アルファベット|category=世界共通ロマ語アルファベット}}<!-- -->|脊索動物|chordate={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[脊索動物]]|category=脊索動物}}<!-- -->|脊椎動物|vertebrate={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[脊椎動物]]|category=脊椎動物}}<!-- -->|セキュリティ|security={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[セキュリティ]]|category=セキュリティ}}<!-- -->|ゼズル方言|ゼズル|Zezuru={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ゼズル|category=ゼズル方言}}<!-- -->|接続詞句={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=接続詞句|category=成句 接続詞句}}<!-- -->|接続助詞={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[接続助詞]]|category=助詞 接続助詞}}<!-- -->|節足動物|arthropod={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[節足動物]]|category=節足動物}}<!-- -->|絶対単数|singulare tantum|singularia tantum|singular only={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[絶対単数]]|category=絶対単数}}<!-- -->|絶対複数|plurale tantum|pluralonly|plural only={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[絶対複数]]|category=絶対複数}}<!-- -->|セッテ・コムーニ|Sette Comuni|7={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=セッテ・コムーニ|category=セッテ・コムーニ方言}}<!-- -->|セパタクロー|sepak takraw={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[セパタクロー]]|category=セパタクロー}}<!-- -->|セリ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:セリ科|セリ科]]|category=セリ科}}<!-- -->|セリ目={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:セリ目|セリ目]]|category=セリ目}}<!-- -->|セルビア={{#swithc:{{{2}}}|label=[[セルビア]]|category=セルビア}}<!-- -->|セルビア語|Serbia|Serbian={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[セルビア語|セルビア]]|category=セルビア語}}<!-- -->|セルビア史={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=セルビア史|category=セルビア史}}<!-- -->|セルリング|Sylt={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=セルリング|category=セルリング方言}}<!-- -->|選挙|election={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[選挙]]|category=選挙}}<!-- -->|線型代数学|線形代数学|線型代数|線形代数|linear algebra={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[線型代数学]]|category=線型代数学}}<!-- -->|線形動物|nematode={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[線形動物]]|category=線形動物}}<!-- -->|占星術|astrology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[占星術]]|category=占星術}}<!-- -->|戦争|war={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[戦争]]|category=戦争}}<!-- -->|洗濯|laundry={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[洗濯]]|category=洗濯}}<!-- -->|センダン科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:センダン科|センダン科]]|category=センダン科}}<!-- -->|前置詞句={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=前置詞句|category=成句 前置詞句}}<!-- -->|全南|全羅南道|전남|Jeonnam={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=全南|category=方言}}<!-- -->|船舶|watercraft={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[船舶]]|category=船舶}}<!-- -->|全北|전북|Jeonbuk={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=全北|category=方言}}<!-- -->|全羅|전라|Jeolla={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=全羅|category=方言}}<!-- -->|象|elephant={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[象]]|category=象}}<!-- -->|双曲線関数|hyperbolic function={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[双曲線関数]]|category=双曲線関数}}<!-- -->|走禽類={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[走禽類]]|category=走禽類}}<!-- -->|造語|neologism={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[造語]]|category=造語}}<!-- -->|槍術={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[槍術]]|category=槍術}}<!-- -->|双翅類={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[双翅類]]|category=双翅類}}<!-- -->|相対性理論|relativity={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[相対性理論]]|category=相対性理論}}<!-- -->|槍道|soudo={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[槍道]]|category=槍道}}<!-- -->|相場={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[相場]]|category=相場}}<!-- -->|藻類|alga={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[藻類]]|category=藻類}}<!-- -->|藻類学|phycology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[藻類学]]|category=藻類学}}<!-- -->|俗語|俗|slang={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[俗語]]|category=俗語}}<!-- -->|俗ラテン語|Vulgar Latin|VL|VL.={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:俗ラテン語|俗ラテン語]]|category=俗ラテン語}}<!-- -->|ソビエト連邦|ソ連={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:ソビエト連邦|ソビエト連邦]]|category=ソビエト連邦}}<!-- -->|ソフトウェア|software={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[ソフトウェア]]|category=ソフトウェア}}<!-- -->|ソフトボール|softball={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[ソフトボール]]|category=ソフトボール}}<!-- -->|素粒子物理学|particle physics={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=素粒子物理学|category=素粒子物理学}}<!-- -->|ゾロアスター教|zoroastrianism|Zoroastrianism={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[ゾロアスター教]]|category=ゾロアスター教}}<!-- -->|ソーシャルメディア|social media={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[ソーシャルメディア]]|category=ソーシャルメディア}}<!-- -->|ダーツ|darts={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[ダーツ]]|category=ダーツ}}<!-- -->|第一次世界大戦|WW1|WWI={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:第一次世界大戦|第一次世界大戦]]|category=第一次世界大戦}}<!-- -->|第二次世界大戦|WW2|WWII={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:第二次世界大戦|第二次世界大戦]]|category=第二次世界大戦}}<!-- -->|タイ英語|Thai English|Thailand|TE={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=タイ英語|category=タイ英語}}<!-- -->|タイ王国|Thailand={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=タイ王国|category=タイ王国}}<!-- -->|タイ語|Thai={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=タイ語関連|category=タイ語に関連する語}}<!-- -->|体液|bodily fluid={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[体液]]|category=体液}}<!-- -->|大学|universities|university|college={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[大学]]|category=大学}}<!-- -->|大工仕事|carpentry={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=大工仕事|category=大工仕事}}<!-- -->|体系学={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[体系学]]|category=体系学}}<!-- -->|大州={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=大州|category=大州}}<!-- -->|代数学|algebra={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=代数学|category=代数学}}<!-- -->|代数幾何学|algebraic geometry={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=代数幾何学|category=代数幾何学}}<!-- -->|体操|体操競技|gymnastics={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=体操|category=体操}}<!-- -->|躰道|taido={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=躰道|category=躰道}}<!-- -->|大砲|artillery={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[大砲]]|category=大砲}}<!-- -->|タイムトラベル|time travel={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[タイムトラベル]]|category=タイムトラベル}}<!-- -->|代名詞的用法|代名詞的|pronominal={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=代名詞的用法|category=代名詞的用法}}<!-- -->|大陸普通話|大陸|Mainland China={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=大陸普通話|category=大陸普通話}}<!-- -->|台湾={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[台湾]]|category=台湾}}<!-- -->|台湾語|Taiwanese Hokkien={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:台湾語|台湾語]]|category=台湾語}}<!-- -->|台湾国語={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[台湾国語]]|category=台湾国語}}<!-- -->|台湾客家語|Taiwanese Hakka={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=台湾客家語|category=台湾客家語}}<!-- -->|台湾史={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=台湾史|category=台湾史}}<!-- -->|鷹狩|falconry={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[たかがり|鷹狩]]|category=鷹狩}}<!-- -->|滝|waterfall={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[たき|滝]]|category=滝}}<!-- -->|竹={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[たけ|竹]]|category=竹}}<!-- -->|多足類|myriapod={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[多足類]]|category=多足類}}<!-- -->|卓球|table tennis={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[卓球]]|category=卓球}}<!-- -->|建物|建築物|building|buildings|buildings and structures={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[たてもの|建物]]|category=建物}}<!-- -->|他動詞|transitive|transitive+={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[付録:用語集#他動詞|他動詞]]|category=他動詞}}<!-- -->|だに|ダニ|壁蝨={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[ダニ]]|category=壁蝨}}<!-- -->|多文化的ロンドン英語|MLE={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:en:Multicultural London English|多文化的ロンドン英語]]|category=多文化的ロンドン英語}}<!-- -->|タラシケヴィツァ|Taraškievica={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[タラシケヴィツァ]]|category=タラシケヴィツァ}}<!-- -->|ダリー語|ダリー|Dari={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[ダリー語]]|category=ダリー語}}<!-- -->|タロット|tarot={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[タロット]]|category=タロット}}<!-- -->|単位|unit|units of measure={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[単位]]|category=単位}}<!-- -->|短剣道|tankendo={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[短剣道]]|category=短剣道}}<!-- -->|単孔類={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[単孔類]]|category=単孔類}}<!-- -->|タンザニア変種|Tanzania={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[タンザニア]]|category=タンザニア{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|ダンス|dance={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[ダンス]]|category=ダンス}}<!-- -->|炭水化物|carbohydrate|carbohydrates={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[炭水化物]]|category=炭水化物}}<!-- -->|タントユカ|Tantoyuca={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=タントユカ|category=タントユカ方言}}<!-- -->|チアリーディング|cheerleading={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[チアリーディング]]|category=チアリーディング}}<!-- -->|治安|public safety={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[治安]]|category=治安}}<!-- -->|地域方言|地域|Regional|regional={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[地域]]|category=地域方言}}<!-- -->|チーズ|cheese={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[チーズ]]|category=チーズ}}<!-- -->|地衣類={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[地衣類]]|category=地衣類}}<!-- -->|地衣類学|lichenology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[地衣類学]]|category=地衣類学}}<!-- -->|チェス|chess={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[チェス]]|category=チェス}}<!-- -->|雉鴨類={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[雉鴨類]]|category=雉鴨類}}<!-- -->|地球科学|Earth science|earth science={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[地球科学]]|category=地球科学}}<!-- -->|逐次刊行物|periodical={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[逐次刊行物]]|category=逐次刊行物}}<!-- -->|地形|landform={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[地形]]|category=地形}}<!-- -->|チコナメル|Chiconamel={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=チコナメル|category=チコナメル方言}}<!-- -->|チコンテペク|Chicontepec={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=チコンテペク|category=チコンテペク方言}}<!-- -->|地質学|geology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[地質学]]|category=地質学}}<!-- -->|地図学|cartography={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[地図学]]|category=地図学}}<!-- -->|地政学|geopolitics={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[地政学]]|category=地政学}}<!-- -->|地中海世界|地中海世界の歴史={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=地中海世界の歴史|category=地中海世界の歴史}}<!-- -->|地名|place|places|place name={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=地名|category=地名}}<!-- -->|茶|tea={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[茶]]|category=茶}}<!-- -->|チャ方言|Chakavian={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=チャ方言|category=チャ方言}}<!-- -->|チャルマ|Chalma={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=チャルマ|category=チャルマ方言}}<!-- -->|中央アジア史・北アジア史|中央アジア史|北アジア史={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=中央アジア史・北アジア史|category=中央アジア史・北アジア史}}<!-- -->|中米の国|中米の国名|中央アメリカの国|中央アメリカの国名={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=中米の国|category=中米の国名}}<!-- -->|中央アナトリア|中央アナトリア地方={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=中央アナトリア方言|category=中央アナトリア方言}}<!-- -->|中央アメリカ史={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:中央アメリカ史|中央アメリカ史]]|category=中央アメリカ史}}<!-- -->|中原官話|Central Plains Mandarin|Central Plains|Zhongyuan Mandarin={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:中原官話|中原官話]]|category=中原官話}}<!-- -->|中国={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[中国]]|category=中国}}<!-- -->|中国語|Chinese={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=中国語関連|category=中国語に関連する語}}<!-- -->|中国史={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[中国史]]|category=中国史}}<!-- -->|中国神話|Chinese mythology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:中国神話|中国神話]]|category=中国神話}}<!-- -->|中国朝鮮語|Chinese Korean={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:中国朝鮮語|中国朝鮮語]]|category=中国朝鮮語}}<!-- -->|中世ポーランド語|Middle Polish={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:中世ポーランド語|中世ポーランド語]]|category=中世ポーランド語}}<!-- -->|中世ラテン語|Medieval Latin|ML|ML.={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:中世ラテン語|中世ラテン語]]|category=中世ラテン語}}<!-- -->|中部ベトナム|central Vietnam|Central Vietnam={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=中部ベトナム|category=中部方言}}<!-- -->|中米|central America|Central America={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=中米|category=中米スペイン語}}<!-- -->|忠南|Chungnam|충남={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:忠清南道|忠南]]|category=方言}}<!-- -->|忠清|Chungcheong|충청={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=忠清|category=方言}}<!-- -->|忠北|Chungbuk|충북={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:忠清北道|忠北]]|category=方言}}<!-- -->|チュニジア変種|Tunisia={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=チュニジア|category=チュニジア{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|超心理学|parapsychology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=超心理学|category=超心理学}}<!-- -->|朝鮮={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=朝鮮|category=朝鮮}}<!-- -->|朝鮮語|Korean={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=朝鮮語関連|category=朝鮮語に関連する語}}<!-- -->|朝鮮史={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=朝鮮史|category=朝鮮史}}<!-- -->|長鼻類={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=長鼻類|category=長鼻類}}<!-- -->|調味料|seasoning={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=調味料|category=調味料}}<!-- -->|調理|cooking={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=調理|category=調理}}<!-- -->|鳥類学|ornithology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=鳥類学|category=鳥類学}}<!-- -->|直翅類={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=直翅類|category=直翅類}}<!-- -->|直喩|simile={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=直喩|category=直喩}}<!-- -->|チョコレート|chocolate={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=チョコレート|category=チョコレート}}<!-- -->|著作権|copyright={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=著作権|category=著作権}}<!-- -->|地理|地理学|geography={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=地理|category=地理}}<!-- -->|チリスペイン語|チリ変種|Chile={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=チリ|category=チリスペイン語}}<!-- -->|通貨|貨幣|currency|numismatics={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=通貨|category=通貨}}<!-- -->|月名|month={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=月名|category=月名}}<!-- -->|ツツジ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ツツジ科|category=ツツジ科}}<!-- -->|ツツジ目={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ツツジ目|category=ツツジ目}}<!-- -->|ツバキ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ツバキ科|category=ツバキ科}}<!-- -->|釣り|fishing={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=釣り|category=釣り}}<!-- -->|ディゴル|Digor={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ディゴル方言|category=ディゴル方言}}<!-- -->|ディスクゴルフ|disc golf={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ディスクゴルフ|category=ディスクゴルフ}}<!-- -->|ティマウ|Timau={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ティマウ|category=ティマウ方言}}<!-- -->|テコンドー|taekwondo={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=テコンドー|category=テコンドー}}<!-- -->|哲学|philosophy={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=哲学|category=哲学}}<!-- -->|鉄道|railroad|rail transport={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=鉄道|category=鉄道}}<!-- -->|テニス|tennis={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=テニス|category=テニス}}<!-- -->|テペツィントラ|Tepetzintla={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=テペツィントラ|category=テペツィントラ方言}}<!-- -->|テマパチェ|Temapache={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=テマパチェ|category=テマパチェ方言}}<!-- -->|デモティキ|Demotic={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=デモティキ|category=デモティキ}}<!-- -->|デモニム|demonym={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=デモニム|category=デモニム}}<!-- -->|テレビ|television={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=テレビ|category=テレビ}}<!-- -->|電化製品={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=電化製品|category=電化製品}}<!-- -->|電気|electricity={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=電気|category=電気}}<!-- -->|電気化学={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=電気化学|category=電気化学}}<!-- -->|電気工学|電気回路|electrical engineering={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=電気工学|category=電気工学}}<!-- -->|電磁気学|電気磁気学|electromagnetism={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=電磁気学|category=電磁気学}}<!-- -->|電子工学|電子回路|electronics={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=電子工学|category=電子工学}}<!-- -->|電子メール|Eメール|Email|E-MAIL|E-Mail|E-mail|email|e-Mail|e-mail={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=電子メール|category=電子メール}}<!-- -->|伝統中国医学|traditional Chinese medicine={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=伝統中国医学|category=伝統中国医学}}<!-- -->|天体|celestial body={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=天体|category=天体}}<!-- -->|天体物理学|astrophysics={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=天体物理学|category=天体物理学}}<!-- -->|天体力学|celestial mechanics={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=天体力学|category=天体力学}}<!-- -->|天然素材={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=天然素材|category=天然素材}}<!-- -->|店舗|店|shop={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=店舗|category=店舗}}<!-- -->|天文学|astronomy={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=天文学|category=天文学}}<!-- -->|電話|telephone={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=電話|category=電話}}<!-- -->|ドイツ={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ドイツ|category=ドイツ}}<!-- -->|ドイツ語={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ドイツ語関連|category=ドイツ語に関連する語}}<!-- -->|ドイツ変種|German|Germany={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ドイツ|category=ドイツ{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|ドイツ南部|独南部|southern Germany|southern German|Southern Germany={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ドイツ南部|category=ドイツ南部方言}}<!-- -->|ドイツ北部|独北部|northern Germany|northern German|Northern Germany={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ドイツ北部|category=ドイツ北部方言}}<!-- -->|闘牛|bullfighting={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=闘牛|category=闘牛}}<!-- -->|東京|Tokyo={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=東京|category=東京}}<!-- -->|道教|taoism|Taoism={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=道教|category=道教}}<!-- -->|道具|tool={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=道具|category=道具}}<!-- -->|闘鶏|cockfighting={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=闘鶏|category=闘鶏}}<!-- -->|統計学|statistics={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=統計学|category=統計学}}<!-- -->|刀剣|sword={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=刀剣|category=刀剣}}<!-- -->|倒語|back slang|back-slang|backslang={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=倒語|category=倒語}}<!-- -->|動詞句={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=動詞句|category=成句 動詞句}}<!-- -->|頭字語|頭文字|initialism={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=頭字語|category=頭字語}}<!-- -->|等翅類={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=等翅類|category=等翅類}}<!-- -->|同族目的語={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=同族目的語|category=同族目的語}}<!-- -->|頭足類={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=頭足類|category=頭足類}}<!-- -->|トウダイグサ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=トウダイグサ科|category=トウダイグサ科}}<!-- -->|東北官話|Northeastern Mandarin|NE Mandarin|northeastern Mandarin={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:東北官話|東北官話]]|category=東北官話}}<!-- -->|東南アジア史={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=東南アジア史|category=東南アジア史}}<!-- -->|動物|animal={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[動物]]|category=動物}}<!-- -->|動物学|zoology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[動物学]]|category=動物学}}<!-- -->|動物競技={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=動物競技|category=動物競技}}<!-- -->|糖類|sugar|sugars={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[糖類]]|category=糖類}}<!-- -->|道路|road={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[道路]]|category=道路}}<!-- -->|ドーリス方言|ドーリス|Doric={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ドーリス方言|category=ドーリス方言}}<!-- -->|蜥蜴|とかげ|トカゲ|lizard={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[とかげ|蜥蜴]]|category=蜥蜴}}<!-- -->|尖鼠={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=尖鼠|category=尖鼠}}<!-- -->|特殊関数|special functions={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=特殊関数|category=特殊関数}}<!-- -->|毒物学|toxicology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=毒物学|category=毒物学}}<!-- -->|時計|clock={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=時計|category=時計}}<!-- -->|トケイソウ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=トケイソウ科|category=トケイソウ科}}<!-- -->|兎形類|lagomorph={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=兎形類|category=兎形類}}<!-- -->|登山={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=登山|category=登山}}<!-- -->|年|year={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=年|category=年}}<!-- -->|都市名|都市|city={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=都市|category=都市名}}<!-- -->|ドジョウ={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ドジョウ|category=ドジョウ}}<!-- -->|土壌学={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=土壌学|category=土壌学}}<!-- -->|都道府県|prefectures of Japan={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[都道府県]]|category=都道府県}}<!-- -->|トスカナ語|トスカナ|Tuscany|Tuscan={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=トスカナ語|category=トスカナ語}}<!-- -->|トスク方言|トスク|Tosk={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=トスク方言|category=トスク方言}}<!-- -->|ドッジボール|dodgeball={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ドッジボール|category=ドッジボール}}<!-- -->|ドミニカスペイン語|ドミニカ変種|Dominica|Dominican|Dominican Republic={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ドミニカ|category=ドミニカスペイン語}}<!-- -->|ドラマ|drama={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ドラマ|category=ドラマ}}<!-- -->|鳥|bird={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=鳥|category=鳥}}<!-- -->|トレディチ・コムーニ|Tredici Comuni|Thirteen Communities|13={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=トレディチ・コムーニ|category=トレディチ・コムーニ方言}}<!-- -->|トルコ|Turkey={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=トルコ|category=トルコ}}<!-- -->|トルコ語|Turkish={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=トルコ語関連|category=トルコ語に関連する語}}<!-- -->|蜻蛉={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=蜻蛉|category=蜻蛉}}<!-- -->|内科学|internal medicine={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=内科学|category=内科学}}<!-- -->|ナイジェリア変種|Nigeria={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ナイジェリア|category=ナイジェリア{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|ナイフ|knife={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ナイフ|category=ナイフ}}<!-- -->|ナウパン|Naupan={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ナウパン|category=ナウパン方言}}<!-- -->|長柄武器|polearm={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=長柄武器|category=長柄武器}}<!-- -->|なぎなた|naginata={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=なぎなた|category=なぎなた}}<!-- -->|ナス科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ナス科|category=ナス科}}<!-- -->|ナチズム|Nazism={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ナチズム|category=ナチズム}}<!-- -->|ナッツ|nuts={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ナッツ|category=ナッツ}}<!-- -->|ナデシコ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ナデシコ科|category=ナデシコ科}}<!-- -->|ナデシコ目|Caryophyllales={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ナデシコ目|category=ナデシコ目}}<!-- -->|ナミビア変種|Namibia={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ナミビア|category=ナミビア{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|軟体動物|mollusc={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=軟体動物|category=軟体動物}}<!-- -->|軟体動物学={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=軟体動物学|category=軟体動物学}}<!-- -->|南中部ベトナム|South Central Vietnam={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=南中部ベトナム|category=南中部方言}}<!-- -->|南部カレリア|South Karelian={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=南部カレリア|category=南部カレリア方言}}<!-- -->|南米|South American Spanish={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=南米|category=南米スペイン語}}<!-- -->|南米の国|南米の国名|南アメリカの国|南アメリカの国名={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=南米の国|category=南米の国名}}<!-- -->|ニカラグアスペイン語|ニカラグア変種|Nicaragua={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ニカラグア|category=ニカラグアスペイン語}}<!-- -->|肉|meat={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=肉|category=肉}}<!-- -->|ニクズク科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ニクズク科|category=ニクズク科}}<!-- -->|西アジア史={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=西アジア史|category=西アジア史}}<!-- -->|西アルメニア語|西アルメニア|Western Armenian|hy-W={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=西アルメニア語|category=西アルメニア語}}<!-- -->|ニシキギ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ニシキギ科|category=ニシキギ科}}<!-- -->|西ゲルマン|West Germanic={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=西ゲルマン|category=西ゲルマン方言}}<!-- -->|西チェロキー|Western Cherokee={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=西チェロキー|category=西チェロキー語}}<!-- -->|西ヨーロッパ史={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=西ヨーロッパ史|category=西ヨーロッパ史}}<!-- -->|西ロンバルド語|西ロンバルド|Western Lombard={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=西ロンバルド|category=西ロンバルド語}}<!-- -->|ニシン目={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ニシン目|category=ニシン目}}<!-- -->|日本={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=日本|category=日本}}<!-- -->|日本拳法|nipponkempo={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=日本拳法|category=日本拳法}}<!-- -->|日本語|Japanese={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=日本語関連|category=日本語に関連する語}}<!-- -->|日本語人名={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=日本語人名|category=日本語人名}}<!-- -->|日本史={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=日本史|category=日本史}}<!-- -->|日本史 官名|官名={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=日本の官名|category=日本史 官名}}<!-- -->|日本史時代区分={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=日本史時代区分|category=日本史時代区分}}<!-- -->|日本神話|Japanese mythology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=日本神話|category=日本神話}}<!-- -->|日本の旧国名={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=日本の旧国名|category=日本の旧国名}}<!-- -->|日本の月名={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=日本の月名|category=日本の月名}}<!-- -->|日本の都市|city in Japan|cities in Japan={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=日本の都市|category=日本の都市}}<!-- -->|日本の歴史上の人物={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=日本の歴史上の人物|category=日本の歴史上の人物}}<!-- -->|日本の歴史的地名={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=日本の歴史的地名|category=日本の歴史的地名}}<!-- -->|二枚貝|bivalve={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=二枚貝|category=二枚貝}}<!-- -->|ニューカッスル|Tyneside|Geordie={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ニューカッスル|category=ニューカッスル方言}}<!-- -->|ニューカレドニア変種|New Caledonia={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ニューカレドニア|category=ニューカレドニア{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|ニュージーランド変種|New Zealand|NewZealand|NZ={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ニュージーランド|category=ニュージーランド{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|ニューファンドランド|ニューファンドランド・ラブラドール州|ニューファンドランド変種|Newfoundland={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ニューファンドランド・ラブラドール州|category=ニューファンドランド{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|ニューブランズウィック|New Brunswick={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ニューブランズウィック|category=ニューブランズウィック方言}}<!-- -->|乳製品|dairy product={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=乳製品|category=乳製品}}<!-- -->|女房詞|女房言葉={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=女房詞|category=女房詞}}<!-- -->|人間|human={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=人間|category=人間}}<!-- -->|人間の活動|human activity|human activities={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=人間の活動|category=人間の活動}}<!-- -->|人間行動学|human behavior={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=人間行動学|category=人間行動学}}<!-- -->|ヌーオロ|Nuorese={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ヌーオロ|category=ヌーオロ・サルデーニャ語}}<!-- -->|猫|cat={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=猫|category=猫}}<!-- -->|ネコ科|felids={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ネコ科|category=ネコ科}}<!-- -->|熱化学|thermochemistry={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=熱化学|category=熱化学}}<!-- -->|ネットボール|netball={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ネットボール|category=ネットボール}}<!-- -->|ネットワーク|network={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ネットワーク|category=ネットワーク}}<!-- -->|熱力学|thermodynamics={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=熱力学|category=熱力学}}<!-- -->|燃焼|combustion={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=燃焼|category=燃焼}}<!-- -->|年代学|chronology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=年代学|category=年代学}}<!-- -->|脳|brain={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=脳|category=脳}}<!-- -->|能|noh={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=能|category=能}}<!-- -->|農学|agricultural science|agriscience={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=農学|category=農学}}<!-- -->|能楽={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=能楽|category=能楽}}<!-- -->|能格動詞|ergative={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=能格動詞|category=能格動詞}}<!-- -->|農業|agriculture={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=農業|category=農業}}<!-- -->|農業機械={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=農業機械|category=農業機械}}<!-- -->|ノーサンブリア|Northumbrian={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ノーサンブリア|category=ノーサンブリア方言}}<!-- -->|ノースダコタ|ノースダコタ州|northern Lakota={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ノースダコタ州|category=北部方言}}<!-- -->|ノウゼンカズラ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ノウゼンカズラ科|category=ノウゼンカズラ科}}<!-- -->|乗り物|vehicle={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=乗り物|category=乗り物}}<!-- -->|ハードウェア|computer hardware|hardware={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ハードウェア|category=ハードウェア}}<!-- -->|バーミューダ|バーミューダ英語|Bermuda={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=バーミューダ|category=バーミューダ{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|ハーリング|hurling={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ハーリング|category=ハーリング}}<!-- -->|バイアスロン|biathlon={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=バイアスロン|category=バイアスロン}}<!-- -->|廃語|obsolete={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=廃語|category=廃語}}<!-- -->|破格|nonstandard|non-standard={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=破格|category=破格}}<!-- -->|パキスタン変種|Pakistan={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=パキスタン|category=パキスタン{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|履物|footwear={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=履物|category=履物}}<!-- -->|馬具|horse tack={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=馬具|category=馬具}}<!-- -->|爆薬|explosive={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=爆薬|category=爆薬}}<!-- -->|禿鷹|vulture={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=禿鷹|category=禿鷹}}<!-- -->|橋={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=橋|category=橋}}<!-- -->|バショウ科|equestrianism={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=バショウ科|category=バショウ科}}<!-- -->|馬術|equestrianism={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=馬術|category=馬術}}<!-- -->|バスク・ペロタ|Basque pelota={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=バスク・ペロタ|category=バスク・ペロタ}}<!-- -->|バスケットボール|basketball={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=バスケットボール|category=バスケットボール}}<!-- -->|旗|flag={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=旗|category=旗}}<!-- -->|蜂|bee={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=蜂|category=蜂}}<!-- -->|爬虫両生類学={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=爬虫両生類学|category=爬虫両生類学}}<!-- -->|爬虫類|reptile={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=爬虫類|category=爬虫類}}<!-- -->|バックギャモン|backgammon={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=バックギャモン|category=バックギャモン}}<!-- -->|発生生物学|発生学|embryology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=発生生物学|category=発生生物学}}<!-- -->|バドミントン|badminton={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=バドミントン|category=バドミントン}}<!-- -->|バトントワリング|baton twirling={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=バトントワリング|category=バトントワリング}}<!-- -->|花|flower={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=花|category=花}}<!-- -->|パナマスペイン語|パナマ変種|Panama={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=パナマ|category=パナマスペイン語}}<!-- -->|隼|falconid={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=隼|category=隼}}<!-- -->|バラ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=バラ科|category=バラ科}}<!-- -->|バラ目={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=バラ目|category=バラ目}}<!-- -->|バラモン教={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=バラモン教|category=バラモン教}}<!-- -->|バレエ|ballet={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=バレエ|category=バレエ}}<!-- -->|バレーボール|volleyball={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=バレーボール|category=バレーボール}}<!-- -->|バレンシア|Valencia={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=バレンシア|category=バレンシア方言}}<!-- -->|ハロウィン|Halloween={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ハロウィン|category=ハロウィン}}<!-- -->|パワーリフティング|powerlifting={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=パワーリフティング|category=パワーリフティング}}<!-- -->|パン|bread={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=パン|category=パン}}<!-- -->|ハングル={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ハングル|category=ハングル}}<!-- -->|犯罪|crime={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=犯罪|category=犯罪}}<!-- -->|犯罪学|criminology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=犯罪学|category=犯罪学}}<!-- -->|半翅類={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=半翅類|category=半翅類}}<!-- -->|半島|peninsula={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=半島|category=半島}}<!-- -->|ハンドボール|handball={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ハンドボール|category=ハンドボール}}<!-- -->|パン・ヴラックス法|Pan-Vlax={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=パン・ヴラックス法|category=パン・ヴラックス法}}<!-- -->|火|fire={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=火|category=火}}<!-- -->|東アジア史={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=東アジア史|category=東アジア史}}<!-- -->|東アルメニア語|東アルメニア|Eastern Armenian|hy-E={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=東アルメニア語|category=東アルメニア語}}<!-- -->|東ゲルマン|East Germanic={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=東ゲルマン|category=東ゲルマン方言}}<!-- -->|東チェロキー|Eastern Cherokee={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=東チェロキー|category=東チェロキー語}}<!-- -->|東バシキール|Eastern Bashkir={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=東バシキール|category=東バシキール語}}<!-- -->|東ヨーロッパ史={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=東ヨーロッパ史|category=東ヨーロッパ史}}<!-- -->|東ロンバルド語|東ロンバルド|Eastern Lombard={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=東ロンバルド|category=東ロンバルド語}}<!-- -->|光|light={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=光|category=光}}<!-- -->|卑語|vulgar={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=卑語|category=卑語}}<!-- -->|ビザンツ|Byzantine={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ビザンツ|category=ビザンツ}}<!-- -->|ビジネス|business={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ビジネス|category=ビジネス}}<!-- -->|美術={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=美術|category=美術}}<!-- -->|ヒジュラ暦|Hijra|hijra|Islamic months|islamic months|Islamic month={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ヒジュラ暦|category=ヒジュラ暦}}<!-- -->|微生物学|microbiology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=微生物学|category=微生物学}}<!-- -->|ヒタキ科|squirrel={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ヒタキ科|category=ヒタキ科}}<!-- -->|ビタミン|Vitamin|vitamin={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ビタミン|category=ビタミン}}<!-- -->|羊|sheep={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=羊|category=羊}}<!-- -->|否定極性表現|否定形で|negative polarity|in the negative={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[付録:用語集#否定極性|否定極性]]表現で|category=否定極性表現}}<!-- -->|ヒト科|hominid={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ヒト科|category=ヒト科}}<!-- -->|皮肉|sarcastic|sarcastically|ironic={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=皮肉|category=皮肉}}<!-- -->|泌尿器科学|urology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=泌尿器科学|category=泌尿器科学}}<!-- -->|非人称|impersonal={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=非人称|category=非人称動詞}}<!-- -->|ビバロ・アルピーネ語|ビバロ・アルピーネ|Vivaro-Alpine={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ビバロ・アルピーネ語|category=ビバロ・アルピーネ語}}<!-- -->|皮膚|skin={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[皮膚]]|category=皮膚}}<!-- -->|皮膚科学|dermatology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=皮膚科学|category=皮膚科学}}<!-- -->|微分幾何学={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[微分幾何学]]|category=微分幾何学}}<!-- -->|微分積分学|微積分学|微分積分|微積分|微分|積分|calculus|differentiation|integral={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[微分積分学]]|category=微分積分学}}<!-- -->|ヒメハギ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ヒメハギ科|category=ヒメハギ科}}<!-- -->|ビャクダン科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ビャクダン科|category=ビャクダン科}}<!-- -->|比喩|figurative={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[比喩]]|category=比喩}}<!-- -->|ヒユ科|squirrel={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ヒユ科|category=ヒユ科}}<!-- -->|豹|ヒョウ属|panther={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ヒョウ属|category=豹}}<!-- -->|病気|disease={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[病気]]|category=病気}}<!-- -->|標準アルバニア語|Standard Albanian={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=標準アルバニア語|category=標準アルバニア語}}<!-- -->|標準バビロニア語|SBab|Standard Babylonian={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=標準バビロニア語|category=標準バビロニア語}}<!-- -->|病理学|pathology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[病理学]]|category=病理学}}<!-- -->|平安道方言|平安道|Pyongan={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=平安道方言|category=平安道方言}}<!-- -->|ビリヤード|billiards={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[ビリヤード]]|category=ビリヤード}}<!-- -->|ヒルガオ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ヒルガオ科|category=ヒルガオ科}}<!-- -->|ビワモドキ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ビワモドキ科|category=ビワモドキ科}}<!-- -->|ビワモドキ目={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ビワモドキ目|category=ビワモドキ目}}<!-- -->|品詞|part of speech|parts of speech={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=品詞|category=品詞}}<!-- -->|ヒンズー教|ヒンドゥー教|Hinduism={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ヒンズー教|category=ヒンズー教}}<!-- -->|ファイユーム|Fayyumic={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ファイユーム|category=ファイユーム方言}}<!-- -->|ファシズム|fascism={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ファシズム|category=ファシズム}}<!-- -->|ファッション|fashion={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ファッション|category=ファッション}}<!-- -->|フィールドホッケー|field hockey={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=フィールドホッケー|category=フィールドホッケー}}<!-- -->|フィギュアスケート|figure skating={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=フィギュアスケート|category=フィギュアスケート}}<!-- -->|ブードゥー教|voodoo={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ブードゥー教|category=ブードゥー教}}<!-- -->|プーター|Puter={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=プーター|category=プーター}}<!-- -->|ファンタジー|fantasy={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ファンタジー|category=ファンタジー}}<!-- -->|フィクション|fiction={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=フィクション|category=フィクション}}<!-- -->|フィリピン変種|Philippine|Philippines|フィリピン={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=フィリピン|category=フィリピン{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|フウロソウ目={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=フウロソウ目|category=フウロソウ目}}<!-- -->|フェミニズム|feminism={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=フェミニズム|category=フェミニズム}}<!-- -->|フェリング・エームラング|Föhr-Amrum={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=フェリング・エームラング|category=フェリング・エームラング方言}}<!-- -->|プエルトリコスペイン語|プエルトリコ変種|Puerto Rico={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=プエルトリコ|category=プエルトリコスペイン語}}<!-- -->|フェンシング|fencing={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=フェンシング|category=フェンシング}}<!-- -->|フォルマッツァ|Formazza={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=フォルマッツァ語|category=フォルマッツァ語}}<!-- -->|フォント|font={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=フォント|category=フォント}}<!-- -->|不可算名詞|不可算|uncountable|uncountable+={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=不可算|category=不可算名詞}}<!-- -->|不活動体|inanimate={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=不活動体|category=不活動体}}<!-- -->|武器|weapon={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=武器|category=武器}}<!-- -->|フクギ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=フクギ科|category=フクギ科}}<!-- -->|副詞句={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=副詞句|category=成句 副詞句}}<!-- -->|複素解析|複素解析学|複素関数論|関数論|complex analysis={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=複素解析学|category=複素解析}}<!-- -->|フグ目={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=フグ目|category=フグ目}}<!-- -->|副助詞={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=副助詞|category=助詞 副助詞}}<!-- -->|腹足類|gastropod={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=腹足類|category=腹足類}}<!-- -->|袋|bag|bags={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=袋|category=袋}}<!-- -->|梟|owl={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=梟|category=梟}}<!-- -->|武術|martial art|martial arts={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=武術|category=武術}}<!-- -->|武術家={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=武術家|category=武術家}}<!-- -->|婦人科学|gynaecology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=婦人科学|category=婦人科学}}<!-- -->|豚|pig={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=豚|category=豚}}<!-- -->|フタバガキ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=フタバガキ科|category=フタバガキ科}}<!-- -->|復活祭|Easter={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=復活祭|category=復活祭}}<!-- -->|仏教|Buddhism={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=仏教|category=仏教}}<!-- -->|フットボール|football={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=フットボール|category=フットボール}}<!-- -->|物理化学|physical chemistry={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=物理化学|category=物理化学}}<!-- -->|物理学|physics={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=物理学|category=物理学}}<!-- -->|武道={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=武道|category=武道}}<!-- -->|ブドウ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ブドウ科|category=ブドウ科}}<!-- -->|武道家={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=武道家|category=武道家}}<!-- -->|不動産={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=不動産|category=不動産}}<!-- -->|フトモモ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=フトモモ科|category=フトモモ科}}<!-- -->|フトモモ目={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=フトモモ目|category=フトモモ目}}<!-- -->|鮒={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=鮒|category=鮒}}<!-- -->|ブナ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ブナ科|category=ブナ科}}<!-- -->|ブナ目={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ブナ目|category=ブナ目}}<!-- -->|プファルツ語|プファルツ|Palatine={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=プファルツ語|category=プファルツ語}}<!-- -->|不変化名詞|不変化|indeclinable={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=不変化名詞|category=不変化名詞}}<!-- -->|ブラジルポルトガル語|ブラジル変種|Brazil={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ブラジル|category=ブラジルポルトガル語}}<!-- -->|プラスチック|plastic={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=プラスチック|category=プラスチック}}<!-- -->|フラマン語={{#switch:{{{2}}}||label=フラマン語|category=フラマン語}}<!-- -->|フラメンコ|flamenco={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=フラメンコ|category=フラメンコ}}<!-- -->|フランス={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=フランス|category=フランス}}<!-- -->|フランス語={{#switch:{{{2}}}||label=フランス語関連|category=フランス語に関連する語}}<!-- -->|フランス変種|France|French={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=フランス|category=フランス{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|ブリッジ|bridge={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ブリッジ|category=ブリッジ}}<!-- -->|プロヴァンス語|プロヴァンス|Provençal={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=プロヴァンス|category=プロヴァンス語}}<!-- -->|プログラミング|programming={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=プログラミング|category=プログラミング}}<!-- -->|プロテスタント|Protestantism|Protestant={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=プロテスタント|category=プロテスタント}}<!-- -->|文化|culture={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=文化|category=文化}}<!-- -->|文化語|North Korea={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=文化語|category=文化語}}<!-- -->|文学|literature={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=文学|category=文学}}<!-- -->|文献={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=文献|category=文献}}<!-- -->|文献学|philology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=文献学|category=文献学}}<!-- -->|文章語|文語|literary={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=文章語|category=文章語}}<!-- -->|文法|grammar={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=文法|category=文法}}<!-- -->|文房具|stationery={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=文房具|category=文房具}}<!-- -->|分類学|taxonomy={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=分類学|category=分類学}}<!-- -->|平安|평안|Pyeongan={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=平安|category=平安道方言}}<!-- -->|米語|American spelling|US={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=米語|category=米語}}<!-- -->|平南|平安南道|평남|South Pyeongan={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=平南|category=平安道方言}}<!-- -->|平北|平安北道|평북|North Pyongan={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=平北|category=平安道方言}}<!-- -->|ペイントボール|paitnball={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ペイントボール|category=ペイントボール}}<!-- -->|北京語|Beijing Mandarin|Beijing|Peking|Pekingese={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:北京語|北京語]]|category=北京語}}<!-- -->|ベクトル解析|ベクトル解析学|vector calculus={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:ベクトル解析|ベクトル解析]]|category=ベクトル解析}}<!-- -->|ペサパッロ|pesäpallo={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ペサパッロ|category=ペサパッロ}}<!-- -->|蔑称|derogatory|offensive={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[蔑称]]|category=蔑称}}<!-- -->|ベトナム|Vietnam={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[ベトナム]]|category=ベトナム}}<!-- -->|ベトナム語|Vietnamese={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ベトナム語関連|category=ベトナム語に関連する語}}<!-- -->|ベトナム史={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ベトナム史|category=ベトナム史}}<!-- -->|ベトナム変種={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ベトナム|category=ベトナム{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|ベネズエラスペイン語|ベネズエラ変種|Venezuela={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ベネズエラ|category=ベネズエラスペイン語}}<!-- -->|蛇|snake={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=蛇|category=蛇}}<!-- -->|ヘブライ語={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ヘブライ語関連|category=ヘブライ語に関連する語}}<!-- -->|部屋|room={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=部屋|category=部屋}}<!-- -->|ベラルーシ|Belarus={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ベラルーシ|category=ベラルーシ}}<!-- -->|ベラルーシ語|Belarusian={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ベラルーシ語関連|category=ベラルーシ語に関連する語}}<!-- -->|ベラルーシ史={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ベラルーシ史|category=ベラルーシ史}}<!-- -->|ベラルーシ変種={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ベラルーシ|category=ベラルーシ{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|ペルースペイン語|ペルー変種|Peru={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ペルー|category=ペルースペイン語}}<!-- -->|ベルギー変種|Belgian|België|Belgium|ベルギー={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ベルギー|category=ベルギー{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|ヘルゴラント|Helgoland={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ヘルゴラント|category=ヘルゴラント方言}}<!-- -->|ペルシア語|Persian={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ペルシア語関連|category=ペルシア語に関連する語}}<!-- -->|ペンギン|penguin={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ペンギン|category=ペンギン}}<!-- -->|ベンケイソウ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ベンケイソウ科|category=ベンケイソウ科}}<!-- -->|扁形動物|platyhelminth={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=扁形動物|category=扁形動物}}<!-- -->|ペン回し|pen spinning={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ペン回し|category=ペン回し}}<!-- -->|方位|方角|compass point|direction={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=方位|category=方位}}<!-- -->|貿易|trade={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=貿易|category=貿易}}<!-- -->|法学|jurisprudence={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=法学|category=法学}}<!-- -->|方言|dialect|dialectal={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=方言|category=方言}}<!-- -->|法執行|law enforcement={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=法執行|category=法執行}}<!-- -->|棒術={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=棒術|category=棒術}}<!-- -->|宝飾|jewelry={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=宝飾|category=宝飾}}<!-- -->|紡績|weaving={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=紡績|category=紡績}}<!-- -->|放送={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=放送|category=放送}}<!-- -->|法曹={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=法曹|category=法曹}}<!-- -->|法律|law|legal={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=法律|category=法律}}<!-- -->|ボウリング|bowling={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ボウリング|category=ボウリング}}<!-- -->|ポーカー|poker={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ポーカー|category=ポーカー}}<!-- -->|ボート競技|rowing={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ボート競技|category=ボート競技}}<!-- -->|ボードゲーム|board game|board games={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ボードゲーム|category=ボードゲーム}}<!-- -->|ポーランド={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ポーランド|category=ポーランド}}<!-- -->|ポーランド語|Polish={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ポーランド語関連|category=ポーランド語に関連する語}}<!-- -->|ポーランド変種|Poland={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ポーランド|category=ポーランド{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|簿記|bookkeeping={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=簿記|category=簿記}}<!-- -->|北欧神話|Norse mythology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=北欧神話|category=北欧神話}}<!-- -->|ボクシング|boxing={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ボクシング|category=ボクシング}}<!-- -->|北西ゲルマン|Northwest Germanic={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=北西ゲルマン|category=北西ゲルマン方言}}<!-- -->|北中部ベトナム|North Central Vietnam={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=北中部ベトナム|category=北中部方言}}<!-- -->|北部カレリア|North Karelian={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=北部カレリア|category=北部カレリア方言}}<!-- -->|北米の国|北米の国名|北アメリカの国|北アメリカの国名={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=北米の国|category=北米の国名}}<!-- -->|保険|insurance={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=保険|category=保険}}<!-- -->|補助動詞={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=補助動詞|category=補助動詞}}<!-- -->|ボスニア語|Bosnia|Bosnian={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ボスニア|category=ボスニア語}}<!-- -->|北海道={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=北海道|category=北海道}}<!-- -->|ホッケー|hockey={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ホッケー|category=ホッケー}}<!-- -->|ボディビル|bodybuilding={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ボディビル|category=ボディビル}}<!-- -->|哺乳類|mammal={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=哺乳類|category=哺乳類}}<!-- -->|哺乳類学|mammalogy={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=哺乳類学|category=哺乳類学}}<!-- -->|ボブスレー|bobsleigh={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ボブスレー|category=ボブスレー}}<!-- -->|ボハイラ|Bohairic={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ボハイラ|category=ボハイラ方言}}<!-- -->|ポリアモリー|polyamory={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ポリアモリー|category=ポリアモリー}}<!-- -->|ボリビアスペイン語|ボリビア変種|Bolivia={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ボリビア|category=ボリビアスペイン語}}<!-- -->|ポルトガル={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ポルトガル|category=ポルトガル}}<!-- -->|ポルトガル語|Portuguese={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ポルトガル語関連|category=ポルトガル語に関連する語}}<!-- -->|ポルトガル変種|イベリアポルトガル語|Portugal={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ポルトガル|category=イベリアポルトガル語}}<!-- -->|ホルトノキ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ホルトノキ科|category=ホルトノキ科}}<!-- -->|香港英語|Hong Kong={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=香港|category=香港英語}}<!-- -->|香港語|Hong Kong Cantonese={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=香港語|category=香港語}}<!-- -->|ホンジュラススペイン語|ホンジュラス変種|Honduras={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ホンジュラス|category=ホンジュラススペイン語}}<!-- -->|翻訳研究|translation studies={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=翻訳研究|category=翻訳研究}}<!-- -->|マーケティング|marketing|Marketing={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=マーケティング|category=マーケティング}}<!-- -->|マーシア|Mercian={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=マーシア|category=マーシア方言}}<!-- -->|麻雀|mahjong={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=麻雀|category=麻雀}}<!-- -->|埋葬={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=埋葬|category=埋葬}}<!-- -->|膜翅類={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=膜翅類|category=膜翅類}}<!-- -->|鮪|まぐろ|マグロ={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=鮪|category=鮪}}<!-- -->|マスメディア|mass media={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=マスメディア|category=マスメディア}}<!-- -->|マダガスカルマングース科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=マダガスカルマングース科|category=マダガスカルマングース科}}<!-- -->|マチン科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=マチン科|category=マチン科}}<!-- -->|マニカ|Manyika={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=マニカ|category=マニカ方言}}<!-- -->|マメ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=マメ科|category=マメ科}}<!-- -->|マメ目={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=マメ目|category=マメ目}}<!-- -->|マレーシア華語|Malaysian Mandarin|Malaysia Mandarin={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:マレーシア華語|マレーシア]]|category=マレーシア華語}}<!-- -->|マレーシアタミル語|マレーシアタミル語|Malaysian Tamil={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=マレーシア|category=マレーシアタミル語}}<!-- -->|マレーシア福建|マレーシア福建語|Malaysian Hokkien|Malaysia Hokkien={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=マレーシア|category=方言}}<!-- -->|マレーシア変種|Malaysia|Malaysian={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=マレーシア|category=マレーシア{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|マンスター|Munster={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=マンスター|category=マンスター方言}}<!-- -->|マン島|マン島変種|Isle of Man|Manx={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=マン島|category=マン島{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|ミカン科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ミカン科|category=ミカン科}}<!-- -->|湖|lake={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=湖|category=湖}}<!-- -->|ミストラル式綴り|ミストラル式|ミストラル|Mistralian={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ミストラル式綴り|category=ミストラル式綴り}}<!-- -->|ミソハギ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ミソハギ科|category=ミソハギ科}}<!-- -->|南アジア史={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=南アジア史|category=南アジア史}}<!-- -->|南アゼルバイジャン|South Azerbaijani={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=南アゼルバイジャン|category=南アゼルバイジャン語}}<!-- -->|南アフリカ英語|南アフリカ変種|South Africa|South African={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=南アフリカ|category=南アフリカ英語}}<!-- -->|南アメリカ={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=南アメリカ|category=南アメリカ}}<!-- -->|南アメリカ史={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=南アメリカ史|category=南アメリカ史}}<!-- -->|南ベトナム|southern Vietnam|Southern Vietnam|South Vietnam={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=南ベトナム|category=南部方言}}<!-- -->|南ヨーロッパ史={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=南ヨーロッパ史|category=南ヨーロッパ史}}<!-- -->|脈翅類={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=脈翅類|category=脈翅類}}<!-- -->|ミルパ・アルタ|Milpa Alta={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ミルパ・アルタ|category=ミルパ・アルタ方言}}<!-- -->|民主主義={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=民主主義|category=民主主義}}<!-- -->|民族|ethnonym|ethnonyms={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=民族|category=民族}}<!-- -->|民族差別|ethnic slur={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=民族差別|category=民族差別}}<!-- -->|ムエタイ|Muay Thai={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ムエタイ|category=ムエタイ}}<!-- -->|無機化学|inorganic chemistry={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=無機化学|category=無機化学}}<!-- -->|無機化合物|inorganic compound={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=無機化合物|category=無機化合物}}<!-- -->|ムクロジ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ムクロジ科|category=ムクロジ科}}<!-- -->|ムクロジ目={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ムクロジ目|category=ムクロジ目}}<!-- -->|無脊椎動物|invertebrate={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=無脊椎動物|category=無脊椎動物}}<!-- -->|ムラサキ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ムラサキ科|category=ムラサキ科}}<!-- -->|ムルシア方言|ムルシア|Murcia={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ムルシア|category=ムルシア方言}}<!-- -->|名詞句={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=名詞句|category=成句 名詞句}}<!-- -->|メキシコスペイン語|メキシコ変種|Mexico={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=メキシコ|category=メキシコスペイン語}}<!-- -->|メコンデルタ方言|メコンデルタ|Mekong Delta={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=メコンデルタ|category=メコンデルタ方言}}<!-- -->|メディア={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=メディア|category=メディア}}<!-- -->|メノルカ|Menorca={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=メノルカ|category=メノルカ方言}}<!-- -->|免疫学|immunology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=免疫学|category=免疫学}}<!-- -->|棉蘭|Medan Hokkien|Medan={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=棉蘭|category=方言}}<!-- -->|猛禽類={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=猛禽類|category=猛禽類}}<!-- -->|網翅類={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=網翅類|category=網翅類}}<!-- -->|モーゼル・フランケン|Moselle Franconian={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=モーゼル・フランケン|category=モーゼル・フランケン方言}}<!-- -->|モータースポーツ|motor racing|motorsports={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=モータースポーツ|category=モータースポーツ}}<!-- -->|モーターボート競走|motorboat racing={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=モーターボート競走|category=モーターボート競走}}<!-- -->|モーリング|Mooring={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=モーリング|category=モーリング方言}}<!-- -->|モクセイ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=モクセイ科|category=モクセイ科}}<!-- -->|モクレン科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=モクレン科|category=モクレン科}}<!-- -->|モクレン目={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=モクレン目|category=モクレン目}}<!-- -->|文字={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=文字|category=文字}}<!-- -->|モトクロス|motocross={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=モトクロス|category=モトクロス}}<!-- -->|モニミア科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=モニミア科|category=モニミア科}}<!-- -->|モルドヴァ語|モルドバ語|Moldova={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=モルドバ|category=モルドヴァ語}}<!-- -->|モロッコ変種|Morocco={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=モロッコ|category=モロッコ{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|モンゴル|Mongolia={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=モンゴル|category=モンゴル}}<!-- -->|モンゴル語|Mongolian={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=モンゴル語関連|category=モンゴル語に関連する語}}<!-- -->|モンゴル史={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=モンゴル史|category=モンゴル史}}<!-- -->|紋章学|heraldry={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=紋章学|category=紋章学}}<!-- -->|モンテネグロ={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=モンテネグロ|category=モンテネグロ}} -->|モンテネグロ語|Montenegro|Montenegrin={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=モンテネグロ|category=モンテネグロ語}}<!-- -->|モンテネグロ史={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=モンテネグロ史|category=モンテネグロ史}}<!-- -->|山羊|goat={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=山羊|category=山羊}}<!-- -->|ヤギ亜科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ヤギ亜科|category=ヤギ亜科}}<!-- -->|野球|baseball={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=野球|category=野球}}<!-- -->|薬学|pharmacy={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=薬学|category=薬学}}<!-- -->|約物の名称|約物={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=約物の名称|category=約物の名称}}<!-- -->|薬理学|pharmacology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=薬理学|category=薬理学}}<!-- -->|野菜|vegetable={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=野菜|category=野菜}}<!-- -->|ヤシ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ヤシ科|category=ヤシ科}}<!-- -->|ヤシ目={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ヤシ目|category=ヤシ目}}<!-- -->|ヤツメウナギ={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ヤツメウナギ|category=ヤツメウナギ}}<!-- -->|ヤナギ科={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ヤナギ科|category=ヤナギ科}}<!-- -->|槍={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=槍|category=槍}}<!-- -->|有機化学|organic chemistry={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=有機化学|category=有機化学}}<!-- -->|有機化合物|organic compound={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=有機化合物|category=有機化合物}}<!-- -->|有袋類|marsupial={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=有袋類|category=有袋類}}<!-- -->|有尾目={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=有尾目|category=有尾目}}<!-- -->|郵便={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=郵便|category=郵便}}<!-- -->|有毛類={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=有毛類|category=有毛類}}<!-- -->|雪|snow={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=雪|category=雪}}<!-- -->|ユキノシタ目={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ユキノシタ目|category=ユキノシタ目}}<!-- -->|ユダヤ教|Judaea|Judaism={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ユダヤ教|category=ユダヤ教}}<!-- -->|弓矢|bow and arrow={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=弓矢|category=弓矢}}<!-- -->|容器|container={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=容器|category=容器}}<!-- -->|幼児語|childish={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=幼児語|category=幼児語}}<!-- -->|曜日={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=曜日|category=曜日}}<!-- -->|養蜂={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=養蜂|category=養蜂}}<!-- -->|ヨークシャー|ヨークシャー英語|Yorkshire={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ヨークシャー|category=ヨークシャー{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|ヨーロッパ|Europe={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ヨーロッパ|category=ヨーロッパ}}<!-- -->|ヨーロッパ史={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ヨーロッパ史|category=ヨーロッパ史}}<!-- -->|ヨーロッパの国|ヨーロッパの国名={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ヨーロッパの国|category=ヨーロッパの国名}}<!-- -->|四字熟語={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=四字熟語|category=四字熟語}}<!-- -->|ヨシノボリ={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ヨシノボリ|category=ヨシノボリ}}<!-- -->|ラオス変種|Laos={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ラオス|category=ラオス{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|落語={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=落語|category=落語}}<!-- -->|駱駝={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=駱駝|category=駱駝}}<!-- -->|ラクダ科|camelid={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ラクダ科|category=ラクダ科}}<!-- -->|ラグビー|rugby={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ラグビー|category=ラグビー}}<!-- -->|ラクロス|lacrosse={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ラクロス|category=ラクロス}}<!-- -->|ラジオ|radio={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ラジオ|category=ラジオ}}<!-- -->|ラテンアメリカ|Latin America|Latin American Spanish={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ラテンアメリカ|category=ラテンアメリカ{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|ラテン語|Latin={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ラテン語関連|category=ラテン語に関連する語}}<!-- -->|ラ・マンチャ|Castilla La Mancha={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ラ・マンチャ|category=ラ・マンチャ方言}}<!-- -->|蘭銀官話|Lanyin Mandarin|Lan-Yin Mandarin|Lanyin={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:蘭銀官話|蘭銀官話]]|category=蘭銀官話}}<!-- -->|ラングドック語|ラングドック|Langedoc|Languedoc|Languedocien|ラングドック={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ラングドック|category=ラングドック語}}<!-- -->|リオグランデ・ド・スル|Rio Grande do Sul={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=リオグランデ・ド・スル|category=リオグランデ・ド・スル方言}}<!-- -->|リオプラテンセ|Rioplatense={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=リオプラテンセ|category=リオプラテンセ{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|力学|mechanics={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=力学|category=力学}}<!-- -->|陸上競技|athletics={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=陸上競技|category=陸上競技}}<!-- -->|六鎮方言|六鎮|Yukjin={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=六鎮方言|category=六鎮方言}}<!-- -->|リス科|squirrel={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=リス科|category=リス科}}<!-- -->|理容|理髪|hairdressing|Hairdressing={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=理髪|category=理髪}}<!-- -->|リヒテンシュタイン変種|Liechtenstein={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=リヒテンシュタイン|category=リヒテンシュタイン{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|リプアーリ語|リプアーリ|Ripuarian={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=リプアーリ語|category=リプアーリ語}}<!-- -->|リムーザン|Limousin={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=リムーザン|category=リムーザン語}}<!-- -->|リメッラ語|リメッラ|Rimella={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=リメッラ語|category=リメッラ語}}<!-- -->|略語|abbr|abbreviation={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=略語|category=略語}}<!-- -->|略語 地名複合語|地名複合語={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=地名複合語|category=略語 地名複合語}}<!-- -->|竜|龍|dragon={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=竜|category=竜}}<!-- -->|リュージュ|luge={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=リュージュ|category=リュージュ}}<!-- -->|流体力学|fluid dynamics={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=流体力学|category=流体力学}}<!-- -->|量子力学|quantum mechanics|particles={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=量子力学|category=量子力学}}<!-- -->|両生類|amphibian={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=両生類|category=両生類}}<!-- -->|料理|cuisine={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=料理|category=料理}}<!-- -->|旅行|travel={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=旅行|category=旅行}}<!-- -->|林業|forestry={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=林業|category=林業}}<!-- -->|臨時語|nonce word={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=臨時語|category=臨時語}}<!-- -->|鱗翅類={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=鱗翅類|category=鱗翅類}}<!-- -->|リンドウ目={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=リンドウ目|category=リンドウ目}}<!-- -->|倫理学|ethics={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=倫理学|category=倫理学}}<!-- -->|ルイジアナ|Louisiana={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ルイジアナ|category=ルイジアナ{{language|{{{lang}}}}}}}<!-- -->|ルーマニア|Romania={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ルーマニア|category=ルーマニア}}<!-- -->|ルーマニア語|Romanian={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ルーマニア語関連|category=ルーマニア語に関連する語}}<!-- -->|ルゼルナ|Luserna={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ルゼルナ|category=ルゼルナ方言}}<!-- -->|霊長類|primate={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=霊長類|category=霊長類}}<!-- -->|霊長類学={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=霊長類学|category=霊長類学}}<!-- -->|羚羊={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=羚羊|category=羚羊}}<!-- -->|歴史|history|historical|Hx|hx={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=歴史|category=歴史}}<!-- -->|歴史学|historiography={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=歴史学|category=歴史学}}<!-- -->|歴史 官名|官名={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=官名|category=歴史 官名}}<!-- -->|歴史上の人物={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=歴史上の人物|category=歴史上の人物}}<!-- -->|レスリング|wrestling={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=レスリング|category=レスリング}}<!-- -->|レトロニム={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=レトロニム|category=レトロニム}}<!-- -->|レユニオン|Réunion={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=レユニオン|category=レユニオンフランス語}}<!-- -->|恋愛|romantic orientation={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=恋愛|category=恋愛}}<!-- -->|錬金術|Alchemy|alchemy={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=錬金術|category=錬金術}}<!-- -->|労働|work|working|labor|travay={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=労働|category=労働}}<!-- -->|老年学|gerontology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=老年学|category=老年学}}<!-- -->|ローマ神話|Roman god|Roman mythology={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ローマ神話|category=ローマ神話}}<!-- -->|ローラーダービー|roller derby={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ローラーダービー|category=ローラーダービー}}<!-- -->|ログドーロ|Logudorese={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ログドーロ|category=ログドーロ・サルデーニャ語}}<!-- -->|ロシア|Russia={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ロシア|category=ロシア}}<!-- -->|ロシア語={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ロシア語関連|category=ロシア語に関連する語}}<!-- -->|ロシア史={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ロシア史|category=ロシア史}}<!-- -->|ロシア西部|Western Russian={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ロシア西部|category=ロシア西部方言}}<!-- -->|ロシア南部|South Russia|Southern Russian={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ロシア南部|category=ロシア南部方言}}<!-- -->|ロマンシュ・グリシュン|Rumantsch Grischun={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ロマンシュ・グリシュン|category=ロマンシュ・グリシュン}}<!-- -->|論理学|logic={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=論理学|category=論理学}}<!-- -->|ワウチナンゴ|Huauchinango={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=ワウチナンゴ|category=ワウチナンゴ方言}}<!-- -->|鷲|eagle={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=鷲|category=鷲}}<!-- -->|和製英語={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=和製英語|category=和製英語}}<!-- -->|和船={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=和船|category=船舶}}<!-- -->|鰐|alligator|crocodile={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=鰐|category=鰐}}<!-- -->|上代語|上代={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=上代語|category=上代語}}<!-- -->|上代東国方言|上代東国={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=上代東国方言|category=上代東国方言}}<!-- -->|近世上方語|近世上方={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=近世上方語|category=近世上方語}}<!-- -->|近世語|近世={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=近世語|category=近世語}}<!-- -->|西日本方言={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=西日本方言|category=西日本方言}}<!-- -->|岐阜・愛知方言={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=岐阜・愛知方言|category=岐阜・愛知方言}}<!-- -->|名古屋弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=名古屋弁|category=名古屋弁}}<!-- -->|飛騨弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=飛騨弁|category=飛騨弁}}<!-- -->|三河弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=三河弁|category=三河弁}}<!-- -->|美濃弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=三河弁|category=美濃弁}}<!-- -->|近畿方言|関西弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=近畿方言|category=近畿方言}}<!-- -->|淡路弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=淡路弁|category=淡路弁}}<!-- -->|伊勢弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=伊勢弁|category=伊勢弁}}<!-- -->|近江弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=近江弁|category=近江弁}}<!-- -->|大阪弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=大阪弁|category=大阪弁}}<!-- -->|紀州弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=紀州弁|category=紀州弁}}<!-- -->|京言葉|京都弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=京言葉|category=京言葉}}<!-- -->|志摩弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=志摩弁|category=志摩弁}}<!-- -->|丹波方言={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=丹波方言|category=丹波方言}}<!-- -->|播州弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=播州弁|category=播州弁}}<!-- -->|中国方言={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=中国方言|category=中国方言}}<!-- -->|中部方言={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=中部方言|category=中部方言}}<!-- -->|出雲弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=出雲弁|category=出雲弁}}<!-- -->|因州弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=因州弁|category=因州弁}}<!-- -->|岡山弁|岡山方言={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=岡山弁|category=岡山弁}}<!-- -->|但馬弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=但馬弁|category=但馬弁}}<!-- -->|丹後弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=丹後弁|category=丹後弁}}<!-- -->|広島弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=広島弁|category=広島弁}}<!-- -->|備後弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=備後弁|category=備後弁}}<!-- -->|山口弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=山口弁|category=山口弁}}<!-- -->|四国方言|四国弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=四国方言|category=四国方言}}<!-- -->|阿波弁|徳島方言={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=阿波弁|category=阿波弁}}<!-- -->|伊予弁|愛媛方言={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=伊予弁|category=伊予弁}}<!-- -->|宇和島弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=宇和島弁|category=宇和島弁}}<!-- -->|讃岐弁|香川方言={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=讃岐弁|category=讃岐弁}}<!-- -->|土佐弁|高知方言={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=土佐弁|category=土佐弁}}<!-- -->|北陸方言={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=北陸方言|category=北陸方言}}<!-- -->|加賀弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=加賀弁|category=加賀弁}}<!-- -->|金沢弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=金沢弁|category=金沢弁}}<!-- -->|富山弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=富山弁|category=富山弁}}<!-- -->|能登弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=能登弁|category=能登弁}}<!-- -->|福井弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=福井弁|category=福井弁}}<!-- -->|嶺南方言={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=嶺南方言|category=嶺南方言}}<!-- -->|東日本方言={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=東日本方言|category=東日本方言}}<!-- -->|越後方言={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=越後方言|category=越後方言}}<!-- -->|関東方言|関東弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=関東方言|category=関東方言}}<!-- -->|茨城弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=茨城弁|category=茨城弁}}<!-- -->|神奈川県方言|神奈川方言={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=神奈川県方言|category=神奈川県方言}}<!-- -->|群馬弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=群馬弁|category=群馬弁}}<!-- -->|埼玉弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=埼玉弁|category=埼玉弁}}<!-- -->|千葉弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=千葉弁|category=千葉弁}}<!-- -->|栃木弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=栃木弁|category=栃木弁}}<!-- -->|東北方言|東北弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=東北方言|category=東北方言}}<!-- -->|秋田弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=秋田弁|category=秋田弁}}<!-- -->|仙台弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=仙台弁|category=仙台弁}}<!-- -->|津軽弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=津軽弁|category=津軽弁}}<!-- -->|南部弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=南部弁|category=南部弁}}<!-- -->|福島弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=福島弁|category=福島弁}}<!-- -->|山形弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=山形弁|category=山形弁}}<!-- -->|置賜弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=置賜弁|category=置賜弁}}<!-- -->|庄内弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=庄内弁|category=庄内弁}}<!-- -->|新庄弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=新庄弁|category=新庄弁}}<!-- -->|村山弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=村山弁|category=村山弁}}<!-- -->|長野・山梨・静岡方言={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=長野・山梨・静岡方言|category=長野・山梨・静岡方言}}<!-- -->|伊豆弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=伊豆弁|category=伊豆弁}}<!-- -->|遠州弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=遠州弁|category=遠州弁}}<!-- -->|郡内弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=郡内弁|category=郡内弁}}<!-- -->|甲州弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=甲州弁|category=甲州弁}}<!-- -->|静岡弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=静岡弁|category=静岡弁}}<!-- -->|長野県方言|長野弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=長野県方言|category=長野県方言}}<!-- -->|北海道方言|北海道弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=北海道方言|category=北海道方言}}<!-- -->|九州方言|九州弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=九州方言|category=九州方言}}<!-- -->|薩隅方言={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=薩隅方言|category=薩隅方言}}<!-- -->|肥筑方言={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=肥筑方言|category=肥筑方言}}<!-- -->|北九州弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=北九州弁|category=北九州弁}}<!-- -->|熊本弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=熊本弁|category=熊本弁}}<!-- -->|五島列島方言={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=五島列島方言|category=五島列島方言}}<!-- -->|佐賀弁={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=佐賀弁|category=佐賀弁}}<!-- -->|対馬方言={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=対馬方言|category=対馬方言}}<!-- -->|豊日方言={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=豊日方言|category=豊日方言}}<!-- -->|南勢={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=南勢|category=南勢アミ語}}<!-- -->|秀姑巒={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=秀姑巒|category=秀姑巒アミ語}}<!-- -->|海岸={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=海岸|category=海岸アミ語}}<!-- -->|馬蘭={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=馬蘭|category=馬蘭アミ語}}<!-- -->|恒春|恆春={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=恒春|category=恒春アミ語}}<!-- -->|賽考利克={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=賽考利克|category=賽考利克タイヤル語}}<!-- -->|澤敖利={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=澤敖利|category=澤敖利タイヤル語}}<!-- -->|汶水={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=汶水|category=汶水タイヤル語}}<!-- -->|万大|萬大={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=万大|category=万大タイヤル語}}<!-- -->|四季={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=四季|category=四季タイヤル語}}<!-- -->|宜蘭澤敖利={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=宜蘭澤敖利|category=宜蘭澤敖利タイヤル語}}<!-- -->|卓群={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=卓群|category=卓群ブヌン語}}<!-- -->|卡群={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=卡群|category=卡群ブヌン語}}<!-- -->|丹群={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=丹群|category=丹群ブヌン語}}<!-- -->|巒群={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=巒群|category=巒群ブヌン語}}<!-- -->|郡群={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=卓群|category=郡群ブヌン語}}<!-- -->|東パイワン={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=東パイワン|category=東パイワン語}}<!-- -->|北パイワン={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=北パイワン|category=北パイワン語}}<!-- -->|中パイワン={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=中パイワン|category=中パイワン語}}<!-- -->|南パイワン={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=南パイワン|category=南パイワン語}}<!-- -->|東ルカイ={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=東ルカイ|category=東ルカイ語}}<!-- -->|霧台={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=霧台|category=霧台ルカイ語}}<!-- -->|大武={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=大武|category=大武ルカイ語}}<!-- -->|多納={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=多納|category=多納ルカイ語}}<!-- -->|茂林={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=茂林|category=茂林ルカイ語}}<!-- -->|万山={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=万山|category=万山ルカイ語}}<!-- -->|南王={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=南王|category=南王プユマ語}}<!-- -->|知本={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=知本|category=知本プユマ語}}<!-- -->|初鹿={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=初鹿|category=初鹿プユマ語}}<!-- -->|建和={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=建和|category=建和プユマ語}}<!-- -->|都達={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=都達|category=都達セデック語}}<!-- -->|德固達雅={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=德固達雅|category=德固達雅セデック語}}<!-- -->|德路固={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=德路固|category=德路固セデック語}}<!-- -->|太魯閣|タロコ={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=太魯閣|category=タロコ方言}}<!-- -->|길림성|지린성={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:中国朝鮮語|吉林省]]|category=中国朝鮮語}}<!-- -->|헤이룽장성|흑룡강성={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:中国朝鮮語|黒竜江省]]|category=中国朝鮮語}}<!-- -->|요령성={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label=[[:w:中国朝鮮語|遼寧省]]|category=中国朝鮮語}}<!-- -->|#default={{#switch:{{{2}}}|label={{{1}}}|category=}}<!-- -->}}<noinclude>[[カテゴリ:内部テンプレート]]</noinclude> 3g6e7co9uagae60ks8eqtjzw3m94gty 0 288782 2292747 2281164 2026-07-03T20:59:21Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292747 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|ca}} ''[[infringere|īnfringō, īnfringere]]'' ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} * {{homophones|infringí|lang=ca}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ir|infring}} #（法律・権利などを）{{おくりがな2|侵|おか|す|おかす}}。{{おくりがな2|破|やぶ|る|やぶる}}。[[侵害]]する。 {{ca-conj-ir|infring}} =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|es}} ''[[infringere|īnfringō, īnfringere]]'' ==={{pron}}=== * {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|infring|ir|pres=infrinjo}} #（法律・権利などを）{{おくりがな2|侵|おか|す|おかす}}。{{おくりがな2|破|やぶ|る|やぶる}}。[[侵害]]する。 {{es-conj-ir|infrin|p=-gir|combined=1}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|frangir}} =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|pt}} ''[[infringere|īnfringō, īnfringere]]'' ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|infrin|gir}} #{{context|transitive+|lang=pt}}（法律・権利などを）{{おくりがな2|侵|おか|す|おかす}}。{{おくりがな2|破|やぶ|る|やぶる}}。[[侵害]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|infrator}} gg82655n10kvzy5mxk520yp7205unkg 0 288890 2292779 2269625 2026-07-03T21:08:11Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292779 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|en}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{en-noun}} #{{タグ|en|archaic|音楽家}}[[ビオール]][[奏者]]。 ===アナグラム=== * {{anagrams|en|a=ailorv|Olivar}} =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|ca}} {{m|la|violāre}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{rhymes|lang=ca|a(ɾ)}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|viol}} #[[違反]]する。 #{{おくりがな2|侵|おか|す|おかす}}、[[侵害]]する。 #[[強姦]]する。 {{ca-conj-ar|viol}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|ca|violador}} =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|es}} {{m|la|violāre}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|viol|ar}} #[[違反]]する。 #{{おくりがな2|侵|おか|す|おかす}}、[[侵害]]する。 #[[暴行]]する。 #[[強姦]]する。 {{es-conj-ar|viol|combined=1}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|violación}} * {{l|es|violador}} ===アナグラム=== * {{l|es|olivar}} * {{l|es|virola}} =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|roa-opt|pt}} ''violar'' < {{etyl|la|pt}} {{m|la|violāre}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|viol|ar}} #{{タグ|pt|他動詞}}[[違反]]する。 #{{タグ|pt|他動詞}}{{おくりがな2|侵|おか|す|おかす}}、[[侵害]]する。 #{{タグ|pt|他動詞|formal}}[[強姦]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{syn}}==== * (語義1) {{l|pt|desrespeitar}} * (語義3) {{l|pt|estuprar}}, {{l|pt|violentar}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|violador}} euvm0ntl1dfxm6iprzsjytxqmeer1s2 0 293794 2292711 2266345 2026-07-03T20:21:42Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292711 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|io}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{io-bor|promulgate|promulguer|promulgieren|promulgare||promulgar|la=prōmulgāre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{io-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{io-verb|promulg}} #{{タグ|io|他動詞}}[[発布]]する、[[公布]]する、[[公表]]する。 =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|ca}} {{m|la|prōmulgāre}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} * {{homophones|promulgà|lang=ca}} * {{rhymes|lang=ca|a(ɾ)}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|promulg}} #{{タグ|ca|他動詞}}[[発布]]する、[[公布]]する、[[公表]]する。 {{ca-conj-ar|promulg}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|ca|promulgació}} =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|es}} {{m|la|prōmulgāre}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|promulg|ar|pret=promulgué}} #[[発布]]する、[[公布]]する、[[公表]]する。 {{es-conj-ar|promul|p=-gar|combined=1}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|promulgación}} =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|pt}} {{m|la|prōmulgāre}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|promul|gar}} #{{タグ|pt|他動詞}}[[発布]]する、[[公布]]する、[[公表]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|promulgação}} fsf18lx0arywf5976fwe5pxvbmwqjnv 0 296642 2292761 1397863 2026-07-03T21:01:21Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292761 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{suffix+|motiu|ar|lang=cat}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} * {{rhymes|a(ɾ)}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|motiv}} #{{context|transitive+|lang=cat}}[[動機]]を{{おくりがな2|与|あた|える|あたえる}}。 {{ca-conj-ar|motiv}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|ca|motivació}} * {{l|ca|motivador}} ---- =={{es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{suffix+|motivo|ar|lang=spa}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|motiv|ar}} #{{context|transitive+|lang=spa}}[[動機]]を{{おくりがな2|与|あた|える|あたえる}}。 {{es-conj-ar|motiv|combined=1}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|es|desmotivar}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|motivo}} * {{l|es|motivador}} * {{l|es|motivación}} ===アナグラム=== * {{anagrams|es|vomitar}} ---- =={{pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{suffix+|motivo|ar|lang=por}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|motiv|ar}} #{{context|transitive+|lang=por}}[[動機]]を{{おくりがな2|与|あた|える|あたえる}}。 #{{context|transitive+|lang=por}}{{おくりがな3|引|ひ|き|起|お|こす|ひきおこす}}。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|pt|desmotivar}} ptyhtny4a6xasal7ip9bd0hzt3byqjt 0 297040 2292693 1397894 2026-07-03T20:14:33Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292693 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{suffix+|distància|ar|lang=ca}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|distanci}} #{{おくりがな3|引|ひ|き|離|はな|す|ひきはなす}}。[[距離]]を{{おくりがな2|置|お|か|おく}}せる。 {{ca-conj-ar|distanci}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|cat|distanciació}} * {{l|cat|distanciament}} ---- =={{es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{suffix+|distancia|ar|lang=es}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|distanci|ar}} #{{おくりがな3|引|ひ|き|離|はな|す|ひきはなす}}。 #{{context|reflexive|lang=es}}{{おくりがな2|離|はな|れる|はなれる}}。[[距離]]を{{おくりがな2|置|お|く|おく}}。 {{es-conj-ar|distanci|combined=1}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|spa|distanciación}} * {{l|spa|distanciamiento}} ---- =={{pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{suffix+|distância|ar|lang=pt}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|distanci|ar}} #{{おくりがな3|引|ひ|き|離|はな|す|ひきはなす}}。[[距離]]を{{おくりがな2|置|お|か|おく}}せる。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|por|separar}} * {{l|por|afastar}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|por|distanciação}} * {{l|por|distanciamento}} azpyh63w6liyipmr4dvaxbiiy1o23kn 0 297758 2292733 1397926 2026-07-03T20:52:35Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292733 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== ''[[excreta]]'' ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|excret}} #{{context|physiology|lang=cat}}[[排出]]する。[[排泄]]する。 {{ca-conj-ar|excret}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|cat|excrement}} * {{l|cat|excretori}} ---- =={{es}}== ==={{etym}}=== ''[[excreto]]'' < {{etyl|lat|spa}} ''[[excretus|excrētus]]'' ==={{pron}}=== * {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|excret|ar}} #{{context|physiology|lang=spa}}[[排出]]する。[[排泄]]する。 {{es-conj-ar|excret|combined=1}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|spa|excreción}} * {{l|spa|excretor}} * {{l|spa|excretorio}} ---- =={{pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|fra|por}} ''[[excréter]]'' ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|excret|ar}} #{{context|physiology|lang=por}}[[排出]]する。[[排泄]]する。 #[[除名]]する。[[抹消]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} qunj02zsqmz75w78ut2kmmovd8zu1nz 0 298412 2292750 1397945 2026-07-03T20:59:22Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292750 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== 1696年初出。{{etyl|lat|cat}} ''[[infectare|infectāre]]'' < ''[[infectus]]'' ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|infect}} #{{context|transitive|epidemiology|lang=cat}}[[感染]]させる。[[伝染]]させる。 {{ca-conj-ar|infect}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|cat|desinfectar}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|cat|infecció}} * {{l|cat|infecciós}} ---- =={{gl}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|lat|glg}} ''[[infectare|infectāre]]'' < ''[[infectus]]'' ==={{verb}}=== {{gl-verb|infect|ar}} #{{context|transitive|epidemiology|lang=glg}}[[感染]]させる。[[伝染]]させる。 {{gl-conj-ar|infect}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|glg|desinfectar}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|glg|infección}} ---- =={{es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|lat|spa}} ''[[infectare|infectāre]]'' < ''[[infectus]]'' ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|infect|ar}} #{{context|transitive|epidemiology|lang=spa}}[[感染]]させる。[[伝染]]させる。 {{es-conj-ar|infect|combined=1}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|spa|desinfectar}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|spa|infección}} * {{l|spa|infeccioso}} ---- =={{pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|lat|por}} ''[[infectare|infectāre]]'' < ''[[infectus]]'' ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|infect|ar}} #{{context|transitive|epidemiology|lang=por}}[[感染]]させる。[[伝染]]させる。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|por|desinfectar}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|por|infecção}} hlu2aczqu2zcjlbw3om2hhihfjkuq8l 0 301571 2292784 1537176 2026-07-03T21:10:56Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292784 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|es}} ''[[salivare|salīvāre]]'' ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|saliv|ar}} #{{context|physiology|lang=es}}[[唾液]]を[[分泌]]する。 {{es-conj-ar|saliv|combined=1}} ---- =={{pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|saliv|ar}} #{{context|physiology|lang=pt}}[[唾液]]を[[分泌]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} f6kywuiflgz3d8frbg49y69ej9uc7ln 0 304275 2292697 1430951 2026-07-03T20:14:34Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292697 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{io}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|eng|ido}} ''[[detonate]]'', {{etyl|fra|ido}} ''[[détoner]]'', {{etyl|deu|ido}} ''[[detonieren]]'', {{etyl|spa|ido}} ''detonar'' ==={{verb}}=== {{io-verb|deton}} #{{context|intransitive|lang=ido}}[[爆発]]する。 ---- =={{es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|lat|spa}} ''[[detonare|detonāre]]'' ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|deton|ar}} #[[爆発]]する。 {{es-conj-ar|deton|combined=1}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|spa|detonación}} ---- =={{pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|lat|por}} ''[[detonare|detonāre]]'' ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|deton|ar}} #[[爆発]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} jdhe02hczj788q449a88h33xuixu7w8 0 305628 2292775 1554175 2026-07-03T21:08:10Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292775 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{es}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|vulgariz|ar|pret=vulgaricé}} #{{context|transitive|lang=spa}}[[俗化]]させる。[[大衆化]]させる。[[普及]]させる。 {{es-conj-ar|vulgari|p=-zar|combined=1}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|spa|marca vulgarizada}} ---- =={{pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|vulgariz|ar}} #{{context|transitive|lang=por}}[[俗化]]させる。[[大衆化]]させる。[[普及]]させる。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} 7zay4v7wtnli3o8rbbe4i48i0k4wb2z 0 305717 2292645 1554176 2026-07-03T19:58:11Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292645 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{suffix+|general|izar|lang=spa}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|generaliz|ar|pret=generalicé}} #[[一般化]]する。[[普及]]させる。{{おくりがな2|広|ひろ|める|ひろめる}}。 {{es-conj-ar|generali|p=-zar|combined=1}} ===={{drv}}==== *{{l|spa|generalización}} ---- =={{pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{suffix+|general|izar|lang=por}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|generaliz|ar}} #[[一般化]]する。[[普及]]させる。{{おくりがな2|広|ひろ|める|ひろめる}}。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{drv}}==== *{{l|por|generalização}} mos1r4uhk50uj7zdrimke1pu0adcfvx 0 307888 2292774 1398240 2026-07-03T21:06:56Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292774 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{ca}}== ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} * {{rhymes|i(ɾ)}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ir|reconstru}} #[[再建]]する。[[復興]]する。 {{ca-conj-ir|reconstru}} ---- =={{es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|lat|spa}} ''[[re-]]'' + ''[[construere|cōnstruere]]'' ==={{pron}}=== * {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|reconstru|ir|pres=reconstruyo}} #[[再建]]する。[[復興]]する。 {{es-conj-ir|reconstr|p=-uir|combined=1}} ---- =={{pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|recons|truir}} #[[再建]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ac0sv4xgf3ywghfv8r7b8m0rxc9nv0f 0 308967 2292766 1388003 2026-07-03T21:01:23Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292766 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{sv}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{head|swe|verb form}} #[[mima]]の現在形。 ---- =={{es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{suffix+|mimo|ar|lang=spa}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|mim|ar}} #{{context|transitive|lang=spa}}{{おくりがな2|甘|あま|やかす|あまやかす}}。 #{{context|transitive|lang=spa}}[[世話]]をする。 {{es-conj-ar|mim|combined=1}} ---- =={{sh}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|ota|hbs}} [[معمار]] (mimar) < {{etyl|ara|hbs}} [[معمار|مِعْمَار]] (miʿmār) ==={{pron}}=== * {{IPA|mǐmaːr}} * {{hyphenation|mi|mar}} ==={{noun}}=== {{head|hbs|noun|cat2=職業|g=m|head=mìmār|キリル文字|[[мимар|мѝма̄р]]}} #[[建築家]]。 #[[建設]]者。 {{sh-decl-noun|mimar|mimari|mimara|mimara|mimaru|mimarima|mimara|mimare|mimaru|mimari|mimaru|mimarima|mimarom|mimarima}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|hbs|neimar|nèimār}} ---- =={{tr}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|ara|tur}} [[معمار|مِعْمَار]] (miʿmār) ==={{pron}}=== * {{IPA|miːmɑr}} ==={{noun}}=== {{tr-noun|ı|lar}} [[Category:{{tr}}_職業]] #[[建築家]]。 {{tr-infl-noun-c|ı|pred=1|poss=1}} ---- =={{pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|mim|ar}} #{{おくりがな2|甘|あま|やかす|あまやかす}}。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|por|paparicar}} jodfqoza2nk2ur9hnqu8nq0trbths2u 0 309757 2292770 1537854 2026-07-03T21:06:55Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292770 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|lat|spa}} ''[[reputare]]'' ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|reput|ar}} #{{おくりがな3|見|み||做|な|す|みなす}}。[[評価]]する。 {{es-conj-ar|reput|combined=1}} ---- =={{pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|reput|ar}} #{{context|transitive|lang=por}}{{おくりがな3|見|み||做|な|す|みなす}}。[[評価]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} g5eg7lbf1fxbs9hc6z6f4lvk782bmty 0 309861 2292759 1398304 2026-07-03T21:01:21Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292759 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|lat|cat}} ''[[mutare|mūtāre]]'' ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} * {{homophones|mutà|lang=cat}} * {{rhymes|a(ɾ)}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|mut}} #{{context|transitive|lang=cat}}[[突然変異]]させる。 {{ca-conj-ar|mut}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|cat|mutació}} * {{l|cat|mutant}} ---- =={{sv}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{head|swe|verb form}} #[[muta]]の現在形。 ---- =={{es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|lat|spa}} ''[[mutare|mūtāre]]'' ==={{pron}}=== * {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|mut|ar}} #{{context|transitive|lang=spa}}[[突然変異]]させる。 {{es-conj-ar|mut|combined=1}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|spa|mutación}} * {{l|spa|mutante}} ---- =={{pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|eng|por}} ''[[mute]]'' < {{etyl|lat|por}} ''[[mutare|mūtāre]]'' ==={{pron}}=== * {{IPA|muˈtaɾ}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|mut|ar}} #{{context|Brazil|colloquial|lang=por}}（音を）{{おくりがな2|消|け|す|けす}}。 #[[突然変異]]させる。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|por|mutação}} * {{l|por|mutante}} da6lvrmnoeg4usjazlwbo2z8bza2h4v 0 314670 2292730 1554286 2026-07-03T20:52:35Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292730 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{es}}== ==={{pron}}=== * {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|expector|ar}} #{{context|transitive|lang=spa}}[[痰]]を{{おくりがな2|吐|は|く|はく}}。 {{es-conj-ar|expector}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|spa|expectoración}} * {{l|spa|expectorante}} ---- =={{pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|expector|ar}} #[[痰]]を{{おくりがな2|吐|は|く|はく}}。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|por|expectoração}} * {{l|por|expectorante}} eoso7rq9y7d40a3fug6cwdj3mbalpy2 0 315312 2292662 1398429 2026-07-03T20:02:20Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292662 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{ast}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{ast-verb-ar|activ}} #[[作動]]させる。[[活発]]にする。 {{ast-conj-ar|activ}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|ast|actividá}} ---- =={{oc}}== ==={{pron}}=== *音声: [[ファイル:LL-Q14185 (oci)-Davidgrosclaude-activar.wav]] ==={{verb}}=== {{oc-verb|activ|ar}} #[[作動]]させる。[[活発]]にする。 {{oc-conj-ar|activ}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|oci|actiu}} * {{l|oci|activitat}} ---- =={{ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|lat|cat}} ''[[activus|actīvus]]'' ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} * {{rhymes|a(ɾ)}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|activ}} #[[作動]]させる。[[活発]]にする。 {{ca-conj-ar|activ}} ===={{ant}}==== * {{l|cat|desactivar}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|cat|activació}} * {{l|cat|desactivar}} ---- =={{gl}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{gl-verb|activ|ar}} #{{context|transitive|lang=glg}}[[作動]]させる。[[活発]]にする。 #{{context|transitive|chemistry|lang=glg}}[[活性化]]させる。 #{{context|transitive|physics|lang=glg}}[[放射能]]を{{おくりがな2|帯|お|び|おびる}}させる。 {{gl-conj-ar|activ}} ===={{ant}}==== * {{l|glg|desactivar}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|glg|activación}} * {{l|glg|desactivar}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|glg|activo}} ---- =={{es}}== ==={{etym}}=== ''[[activo]]'' < {{etyl|lat|spa}} ''[[activus|actīvus]]'' ==={{pron}}=== * {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|activ|ar}} #{{context|transitive|lang=spa}}[[作動]]させる。[[活発]]にする。 #{{context|transitive|chemistry|lang=spa}}[[活性化]]させる。 #{{context|transitive|physics|lang=spa}}[[放射能]]を{{おくりがな2|帯|お|び|おびる}}させる。 {{es-conj-ar|activ|combined=1}} ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|spa|habilitar}} ===={{ant}}==== * {{l|spa|desactivar}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|spa|activación}} * {{l|spa|desactivar}} ---- =={{pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|activ|ar}} #[[ativar]]の旧綴り。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|por|activação|g=f}} * {{l|por|actividade}} * {{l|por|activismo}} * {{l|por|activo}} hfw3sac4iq4tzf47yr3oxon03u2sfd7 0 316614 2292667 1538317 2026-07-03T20:05:16Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292667 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|cołorar}} =={{es}}== ==={{etym}}=== 名詞 ''[[color]]'' 又は{{etyl|lat|spa}} ''[[colorare|colorāre]]'' ==={{pron}}=== * {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|color|ar}} #{{おくりがな2|染|そ|める|そめる}}。 #{{context|dated|lang=spa}}[[着色]]する。[[彩色]]する。 {{es-conj-ar|color|combined=1}} ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|spa|colorear}} ===={{rel}}==== {{top}} * {{l|spa|color}} * {{l|spa|colorado}} * {{l|spa|colorante}} * {{l|spa|coloración}} * {{l|spa|colorete}} * {{l|spa|colorido}} {{bottom}} ---- =={{pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|lat|por}} ''[[colorare|colorō, colorāre]]'' ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|color|ar}} #[[着色]]する。[[彩色]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|por|colorir}} jg5237vehs0rah3xdxcowo0xl03qi1q 0 317094 2292794 1398498 2026-07-03T21:13:50Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292794 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|ca}} ''[[tractare|tractāre]]'' ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|tract}} #{{おくりがな2|扱|あつか|う|あつかう}}。[[処理]]する。 #{{context|transitive|deを伴って|lang=ca}}{{おくりがな2|試|こころ|みる|こころみる}}。 {{ca-conj-ar|tract}} ===={{syn}}==== *{{l|ca|provar}} *{{l|ca|intentar}} ===={{drv}}==== *{{l|ca|maltractar}} *{{l|ca|tractament}} *{{l|ca|tractar-se}} *{{l|ca|tractar de}} *{{l|ca|tractat}} ---- =={{pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|tract|ar}} #[[tratar]]の廃用。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} oophdht0bbwi7b5d39uahhzwqe8l3c6 0 319973 2292772 1398557 2026-07-03T21:06:55Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292772 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|lat|cat}} ''[[reprimere]]'' ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ir|reprim}} #{{おくりがな2|抑|おさ|える|おさえる}}。[[抑圧]]する。[[抑制]]する。 {{ca-conj-ir|reprim}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|ca|repressió}} * {{l|ca|repressiu}} ---- =={{es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|lat|spa}} ''[[reprimere]]'' ==={{pron}}=== * {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|reprim|ir}} #{{context|transitive|lang=es}}{{おくりがな2|抑|おさ|える|おさえる}}。[[抑圧]]する。[[抑制]]する。 #{{context|reflexive|lang=es}}[[自制]]する。 {{es-conj-ir|reprim|combined=1}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|represión}} * {{l|es|represivo}} ===={{seealso}}==== * {{l|es|reprender}} ---- =={{pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|lat|por}} ''[[reprimere]]'' ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|reprim|ir}} #{{おくりがな2|抑|おさ|える|おさえる}}。[[抑圧]]する。[[抑制]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|repressão}} * {{l|pt|repressivo}} eadbvfv01nulhzrsxsjoh872mtbshnm 0 320880 2292789 1554324 2026-07-03T21:12:29Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292789 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{suffix+|objetivo|ar|lang=es}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb|objetiv|ar}} #{{context|transitive|lang=es}}[[客観的]]にする。[[具体化]]する。 {{es-conj-ar|objetiv}} ---- =={{pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|objetiv|ar}} #{{おくりがな2|狙|ねら|う|ねらう}}。{{おくりがな3|目|め||指|ざ|す|めざす}}。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} 8vfsspsam7wcihohv2v5a9s2oj1nym1 0 322665 2292897 1932240 2026-07-04T02:20:11Z 鍼灸 112313 2292897 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|みかんせい}} {{wikipedia}} =={{ja}}== [[Category:{{ja}}]] {{ja-kanjitab|み|かん|せい|yomi=o,o,o}} ==={{pron}}=== ;み↗か↘んせー ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{ja-adjectival noun|みかんせい}} #[[まだ]][[完成]]していないこと。また、そのさま。 {{日本語ダ活用}} =={{ko}}== [[Category:{{ko}}|미완성]] ==={{noun}}=== [[Category:{{ko}}_{{noun}}|미완성]] {{kochars}}（[[미완성]]） #（日本語に同じ）未完成。 5b6nbf4esxdtsnsqxp06eg8xn5i7gd7 2292900 2292897 2026-07-04T02:21:38Z 鍼灸 112313 2292900 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|みかんせい}} {{wikipedia}} =={{ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|み|かん|せい|yomi=o,o,o}} ==={{pron}}=== ;み↗か↘んせー ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|みかんせい}} #[[まだ]][[完成]]していないこと。また、そのさま。 ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{日本語ダ活用}} =={{ko}}== [[Category:{{ko}}|미완성]] ==={{noun}}=== [[Category:{{ko}}_{{noun}}|미완성]] {{kochars}}（[[미완성]]） #（日本語に同じ）未完成。 brf0svuivl1c7w4u78qwc12ja2q1y47 2292901 2292900 2026-07-04T02:22:09Z 鍼灸 112313 2292901 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|みかんせい}} {{wikipedia}} =={{ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|み|かん|せい|yomi=o,o,o}} ==={{pron}}=== ;み↗か↘んせー ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|みかんせい}} #[[まだ]][[完成]]していないこと。また、そのさま。 ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{日本語ダ活用}} =={{ko}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ko-head|noun|미완성}} #（日本語に同じ）未完成。 l9yz1sxr6sl5hiw95uctw9e01q2yqqw 2292959 2292901 2026-07-04T11:33:37Z 鍼灸 112313 2292959 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|みかんせい}} {{wikipedia}} =={{ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|み|かん|せい|yomi=o,o,o}} ==={{pron}}=== ;み↗か↘んせー ==={{etym}}=== {{affix|ja|未-|完成}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|みかんせい}} #[[まだ]][[完成]]していないこと。また、そのさま。 ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{日本語ダ活用}} =={{ko}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ko-head|noun|미완성}} #（日本語に同じ）未完成。 e7od98l16zjps9vbh2c9dbnsgqluxmp 0 327205 2292867 2292451 2026-07-04T00:29:28Z うーむ 129171 /* 漢字表記語の仮名表記 */ 2292867 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} {{also|ふしよう|ふしょう|ぶしょう|ぶじょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{kangokana}}=== {{ja-kangokana}} {{ja-k|不定|t=[[仏教]]において、定まっていないこと。|hom=y}} {{ja-k|不常|t=無常。}} {{ja-k|不浄|t=[[清浄]]でないこと。{{ruby|不浄|[[ふぞう]]}}。}} {{ja-k|父娘|t=[[ちち|父]]と[[むすめ|娘]]。}} {{ja-k|浮冗|t=無駄。}} {{ja-k|浮上|t=[[水中]]の[[物体]]などが浮き上がること。}} {{ja-k|浮城|t=軍艦。}} {{ja-k|負乗|t=身分の低い人が出世すること。}} {{ja-k|符禳|t=お祓い。}} {{ja-k|府城|t=国府の城郭。}} {{ja-k|附城|t=附庸。}} {{ja-k|扶丞|t=扶助。}} {{ja-k|扶杖|t=杖付くこと。}} {{ja-k|富饒|t=豊かなこと。}} d35v1u63pglhogmic1vnrhqgf2jkpw5 0 332333 2292703 1406184 2026-07-03T20:14:36Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292703 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|ca}} {{m|la|dēnotāre}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|denot}} #{{context|transitive|lang=ca}}{{おくりがな2|示|しめ|す|しめす}}。[[意味]]する。 {{ca-conj-ar|denot}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|es}} {{m|la|dēnotāre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #{{context|transitive|lang=es}}{{おくりがな2|見|み|せる|みせる}}。 #{{context|transitive|lang=es}}{{おくりがな2|示|しめ|す|しめす}}。[[意味]]する。 {{es-conj-ar|denot}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|pt}} {{m|la|dēnotāre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA}} * {{hyphenation|de|no|tar}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|denot|ar}} #{{context|transitive|lang=pt}}{{おくりがな2|示|しめ|す|しめす}}。[[意味]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} m9qt3jbvipulmycozn2wnsfbifnx2rd 0 333788 2292651 1456264 2026-07-03T20:02:16Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292651 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|arbiträr}} =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|es}} {{m|la|arbitrari}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #{{context|transitive|legal|lang=es}}[[仲裁]]する。[[調停]]する。 #{{context|intransitive|transitive|sports|lang=es}}[[審判]]を{{おくりがな2|務|つと|める|つとめる}}。 {{es-conj-ar|arbitr}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|es|arbitraje}} * {{l|es|arbitramento}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|arbitrador}} * {{l|es|arbitrio}} * {{l|es|árbitro}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|pt}} {{m|la|arbitror}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|arbitr|ar}} #{{context|sports|lang=pt}}[[審判]]を{{おくりがな2|務|つと|める|つとめる}}。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|arbitrário}} ---- =={{L|ro}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|fr|ro}} {{m|fr|arbitraire}} < {{etyl|la|ro}} {{m|la|arbitrarius}} ==={{adjective}}=== {{ro-adj}} #{{ふりがな|勝手|かって}}な。{{おくりがな3|気|き||紛|まぐ|れ|きまぐれ}}な。[[恣意的]]な。[[任意]]の。 {{ro-decl-adj|arbitrar|arbitrară|arbitrari|arbitrare|arbitrarul|arbitrara|arbitrarii|arbitrarele|arbitrarului|arbitrarei|arbitrarilor|arbitrarelor}} 1xvc9apf356ltubr6i95hetmoqjgpru 0 333947 2292669 1469185 2026-07-03T20:05:17Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292669 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|ca}} {{m|la|coāgulāre}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} * {{rhymes|a(ɾ)}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|coagul}} #[[凝固]]させる。[[凝結]]させる。 {{ca-conj-ar|coagul}} ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|ca|aglevar}} * {{l|ca|quallar}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|ca|coagulació}} * {{l|ca|coàgul}} * {{l|ca|quallar}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|es}} {{m|la|coāgulāre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #[[凝固]]させる。[[凝結]]させる。 {{es-conj-ar|coagul}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|es|coagulante}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|coagulación}} * {{l|es|coágulo}} * {{l|es|cuajar}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|pt}} {{m|la|coāgulāre}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|coagul|ar}} #[[凝固]]させる。[[凝結]]させる。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|coagulação}} * {{l|pt|coágulo}} * {{l|pt|coalhar}} hmw0n893n0bei88sxcdq9cc1s97jrt2 0 334253 2292904 1933207 2026-07-04T02:25:31Z 鍼灸 112313 2292904 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|みこうかい}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|みこうかい|acc=2}} {{ja-accent-common|region=京阪|n|み|こ|ーかい}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|みこうかい}} #[[一般]]の人や[[外部]]にはまだ[[公開]]されていないこと。または、そのようなもの。 ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{日本語ダ活用}} ===={{syn}}==== *[[非公開]] 8gk7vmxwdyuy1olwnd2ruru3lbp9onj 2292962 2292904 2026-07-04T11:34:40Z 鍼灸 112313 2292962 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|みこうかい}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|みこうかい|acc=2}} {{ja-accent-common|region=京阪|n|み|こ|ーかい}} ==={{etym}}=== {{affix|ja|未-|公開}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|みこうかい}} #[[一般]]の人や[[外部]]にはまだ[[公開]]されていないこと。または、そのようなもの。 ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{日本語ダ活用}} ===={{syn}}==== *[[非公開]] gbety0ncr46m2tblr33k0ng1euh67he 0 336109 2292722 1532939 2026-07-03T20:21:45Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292722 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{suffix+|pigment|ar|lang=ca}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} * {{homophones|lang=ca|pigmentà}} * {{rhymes|a(ɾ)}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|pigment}} #{{context|transitive|lang=ca}}[[着色]]する。 {{ca-conj-ar|pigment}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{suffix+|pigmento|ar|lang=es}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #{{context|transitive|lang=es}}[[着色]]する。 {{es-conj-ar|pigment}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{suffix+|pigmento|ar|lang=pt}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|pigment|ar}} #{{context|transitive|lang=pt}}[[着色]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ---- =={{L|ro}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|fr|ro}} {{m|fr|pigmentaire}} ==={{adjective}}=== {{ro-adj}} #[[色素]]の。[[顔料]]の。 {{ro-decl-adj|pigmentar|pigmentară|pigmentari|pigmentare|pigmentarul|pigmentara|pigmentarii|pigmentarele|pigmentarului|pigmentarei|pigmentarilor|pigmentarelor}} b5m1u5wj4he5oai2bdiqa2bhbldklqz 0 336503 2292652 1541756 2026-07-03T20:02:17Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292652 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|ca}} {{m|la|amputāre}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|amput}} #{{context|healthcare|transitive|lang=ca}}（手術で手足を）[[切断]]する。 {{ca-conj-ar|amput}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|ca|amputació}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|es}} {{m|la|amputāre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #{{context|healthcare|lang=es}}（手術で手足を）[[切断]]する。 {{es-conj-ar|amput}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|amputación}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|pt}} {{m|la|amputāre}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|amput|ar}} #{{context|healthcare|lang=pt}}（手術で手足を）[[切断]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|amputação}} iflu0inrjd327cjwu99jmq18x0xjplp 0 337366 2292646 1565592 2026-07-03T19:58:11Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292646 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|es}} {{m|la|germināre}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #{{context|botany|lang=es}}{{ふりがな|芽|め}}を{{おくりがな2|出|だ|す|だす}}。[[発芽]]する。 {{es-conj-ar|germin}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|germin|ar}} #{{context|botany|lang=pt}}{{ふりがな|芽|め}}を{{おくりがな2|出|だ|す|だす}}。[[発芽]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|germe}} iild1ug61qh1b2zss9wuor7lcwlf7k7 0 338445 2292731 1591361 2026-07-03T20:52:35Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292731 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|es}} {{m|la|eximere}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #[[免除]]する。 {{es-conj-ir|exim}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|es|eximirse}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|exim|ir}} #{{context|transitive|lang=pt}}[[無実]]であると{{おくりがな2|認|みと|める|みとめる}}。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|pt|exonerar}} 8ucbj0layve4k3es0luwlh6rnt5o7uz 0 340235 2292721 1620124 2026-07-03T20:21:45Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292721 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|pınar|Pınar}} =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{suffix+|pi|ar|lang=ca}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ca-noun|m|pinars}} #{{ふりがな|松林|まつばやし}}。 ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|ca|pineda}} ---- =={{L|ga}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{gl-verb|pin|ar}} #{{context|vulgar|lang=gl}}[[性交]]する。 {{gl-conj-ar|pin}} ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|gl|foder}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{suffix+|pino|ar|lang=es}} ==={{noun}}=== {{es-noun|m|pinares}} #{{ふりがな|松林|まつばやし}}。 ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|pin|ar}} #{{context|Portugal|vulgar|lang=pt}}[[性交]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|pt|foder}}, {{l|pt|montar}}, {{l|pt|comer}}, {{l|pt|transar}}, {{l|pt|trepar}} hna3fgotcsp3qpqox82ps9pzrki5lwr 0 340479 2292629 1933774 2026-07-03T17:52:38Z Jiba1219 100610 2292629 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|けんきょ}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|けん|きょ|yomi=o,kanon}} ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|けんきょ|acc=1|acc_ref=DJR}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[けんきょ]]|kyu=謙虛}} #[[ひかえめ|控えめ]]で、[[すなお|素直]]なさま。 ===={{rel}}==== *[[謙譲]] ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== [[Category:{{ja}}_{{adjectivenoun}}]] {{日本語ダ活用}} 7l1ut0mx8np5xhr5pztupdnd2fclf3z 2292630 2292629 2026-07-03T17:52:52Z Jiba1219 100610 2292630 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|けんきょ}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|けん|きょ|yomi=o,kanon}} ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|けんきょ|acc=1|acc_ref=DJR}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[けんきょ]]|kyu=謙虛}} #[[ひかえめ|控えめ]]で、[[すなお|素直]]なさま。 ===={{rel}}==== *[[謙譲]] ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== [[Category:{{ja}}_{{adjectivenoun}}]] {{日本語ダ活用}} ===脚注=== {{Reflist}} 7q60aquqgcdvzlecf9y7pkm9gujvx6c 0 341057 2292686 1621834 2026-07-03T20:09:49Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292686 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|es}}== ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #[[養子]]にする。 {{es-conj-ar|fili}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|fili|ar}} #[[養子]]にする。 #（団体に）[[加入]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} 4yitf3jky93m70hg51q78i3s0r8feed 0 342499 2292755 1625076 2026-07-03T20:59:24Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292755 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|imuniz|ar}} #{{context|transitive|immunology|lang=pt}}[[免疫]]を{{おくりがな2|与|あた|える|あたえる}}。[[予防接種]]をする。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} 47w7kkxhwoi784dtgv0e7bj3kfyen7i 0 347981 2292636 1936424 2026-07-03T18:19:17Z Jiba1219 100610 2292636 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|けんしょう}} {{also|顯彰|显彰}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|けん|しょう|yomi=o}} {{wikipedia}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[けんしょう]]|kyu=顯彰}} #[[あきらか|顕らか]]に[[あらわれる]]（[[あらわす]]）こと。 #いままでの[[功績]]を[[世]]に顕かにし、[[表彰]]すること。 ==={{verb}}=== {{日本語サ変活用}} 6ifmy1fgt2xooerr7qggwm3hjxws0ic 2292637 2292636 2026-07-03T18:19:58Z Jiba1219 100610 2292637 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|けんしょう}} {{also|顯彰|显彰}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|けん|しょう|yomi=o}} {{wikipedia}} ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|けんしょう|acc=0}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[けんしょう]]|kyu=顯彰}} #[[あきらか|顕らか]]に[[あらわれる]]（[[あらわす]]）こと。 #いままでの[[功績]]を[[世]]に顕かにし、[[表彰]]すること。 ==={{verb}}=== {{日本語サ変活用}} nhj4t9xp29ppo4uwf91kvmk4qfw4d2r 0 348000 2292639 2219132 2026-07-03T18:23:26Z Jiba1219 100610 2292639 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|けんしょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{kyujitai}}=== {{ja-kyujitai|けんしょう}} #{{kyujitai of|顕彰}} =={{L|zh}}== {{zh-cat|xian3zhang1|verb}} ==={{alter}}=== *{{zh-l|顯章}} ==={{pron}}=== {{cmn-pron|xiǎnzhāng}} ==={{verb}}=== {{zhchars|s=显彰}} #{{q|隠れていたものを}} [[目につく|目につか]]せるようにする。 ===参考文献=== *{{R:zh:HDC}} =={{L|ko}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ko-head|noun|현창}} #いままでの[[功績]]を[[世]]に顕かにし、[[表彰]]すること。[[顕彰]]。 9dqpoc379q09cha3f2ecq5tw79qxilm 0 348267 2292557 1936521 2026-07-03T12:59:24Z ふゆくれ 95641 2292557 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|りとく}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|り|とく|yomi=o}} {{wikipedia}} ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|りとく|acc=0}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[りとく]]}} #[[利益]]、{{おくりがな2|儲|もう|け|もうけ}}を{{おくりがな2|得|え|る|える}}こと。その利益。 #{{context|数学|工学|lang=ja}}[[制御理論]]で、[[ラプラス領域]]に於ける[[伝達関数]]<math>G(s)</math>の絶対値<math>A(s)=|G(s)|</math>のこと。工学的には、ラプラス領域を[[周波数領域]]に制限した<math>A(\omega)=|G(i\omega)|</math>を考えることが多い。[[ゲイン]]。[[増幅率]]。 ===={{alter}}==== 語義1 *[[利徳]] ===={{rel}}==== *[[デシベル]] *[[ボード線図]] *[[ナイキスト線図]] *[[ラプラス変換]] *[[フーリエ変換]] *[[電気回路]] *[[電子回路]] **[[オペアンプ]]（[[増幅器]]） =={{L|zh}}== ==={{pron}}=== {{cmn-pron|lìdé}} {{yue-pron|lei6 dak1}} {{nan-pron|lī-tit}} ==={{noun}}=== {{zh-cat|li4de2|noun|数学|工学}} {{yue-cat|lei6dak1|noun|数学|工学}} {{nan-cat|li7tit4|noun|数学|工学}} {{zhchars}} #（日本語に同じ）利得。 ##利益。 ##ゲイン。 ===={{syn}}==== *{{zh-l|得利}} *{{zh-l|盈利}} *{{zh-l|增益}} 51wp4otsqprv3csixwkczrtny0ccnje 2292573 2292557 2026-07-03T13:17:53Z ふゆくれ 95641 2292573 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|りとく}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|り|とく|yomi=o}} {{wikipedia}} ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|りとく|acc=0}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[りとく]]}} #[[利益]]、{{おくりがな2|儲|もう|け|もうけ}}を{{おくりがな2|得|え|る|える}}こと。その利益。 #{{context|制御理論|lang=ja}}[[制御理論]]で、[[ラプラス領域]]に於ける[[伝達関数]]<math>G(s)</math>の絶対値<math>A(s)=|G(s)|</math>のこと。工学的には、ラプラス領域を[[周波数領域]]に制限した<math>A(\omega)=|G(i\omega)|</math>を考えることが多い。[[ゲイン]]。[[増幅率]]。 ===={{alter}}==== 語義1 *[[利徳]] ===={{rel}}==== *[[デシベル]] *[[ボード線図]] *[[ナイキスト線図]] *[[ラプラス変換]] *[[フーリエ変換]] *[[電気回路]] *[[電子回路]] **[[オペアンプ]]（[[増幅器]]） =={{L|zh}}== ==={{pron}}=== {{cmn-pron|lìdé}} {{yue-pron|lei6 dak1}} {{nan-pron|lī-tit}} ==={{noun}}=== {{zh-cat|li4de2|noun|制御理論}} {{yue-cat|lei6dak1|noun|制御理論}} {{nan-cat|li7tit4|noun|制御理論}} {{zhchars}} #（日本語に同じ）利得。 ##利益。 ##ゲイン。 ===={{syn}}==== *{{zh-l|得利}} *{{zh-l|盈利}} *{{zh-l|增益}} n3vq1vhiciniadpavmzv3vab0ms1540 2292574 2292573 2026-07-03T13:18:04Z ふゆくれ 95641 /* {{noun}} */ 2292574 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|りとく}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|り|とく|yomi=o}} {{wikipedia}} ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|りとく|acc=0}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[りとく]]}} #[[利益]]、{{おくりがな2|儲|もう|け|もうけ}}を{{おくりがな2|得|え|る|える}}こと。その利益。 #{{context|制御理論|lang=ja}}[[ラプラス領域]]に於ける[[伝達関数]]<math>G(s)</math>の絶対値<math>A(s)=|G(s)|</math>のこと。工学的には、ラプラス領域を[[周波数領域]]に制限した<math>A(\omega)=|G(i\omega)|</math>を考えることが多い。[[ゲイン]]。[[増幅率]]。 ===={{alter}}==== 語義1 *[[利徳]] ===={{rel}}==== *[[デシベル]] *[[ボード線図]] *[[ナイキスト線図]] *[[ラプラス変換]] *[[フーリエ変換]] *[[電気回路]] *[[電子回路]] **[[オペアンプ]]（[[増幅器]]） =={{L|zh}}== ==={{pron}}=== {{cmn-pron|lìdé}} {{yue-pron|lei6 dak1}} {{nan-pron|lī-tit}} ==={{noun}}=== {{zh-cat|li4de2|noun|制御理論}} {{yue-cat|lei6dak1|noun|制御理論}} {{nan-cat|li7tit4|noun|制御理論}} {{zhchars}} #（日本語に同じ）利得。 ##利益。 ##ゲイン。 ===={{syn}}==== *{{zh-l|得利}} *{{zh-l|盈利}} *{{zh-l|增益}} hueir4cuafmy1588tkja3debeooizb5 2292928 2292574 2026-07-04T03:25:15Z うーむ 129171 /* 名詞 */ 2292928 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|りとく}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|り|とく|yomi=o}} {{wikipedia}} ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|りとく|acc=0}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[りとく]]}} #[[利益]]、{{おくりがな2|儲|もう|け|もうけ}}を{{おくりがな2|得|え|る|える}}こと。その利益。[[利徳]]。 #{{context|制御理論|lang=ja}}[[ラプラス領域]]に於ける[[伝達関数]]<math>G(s)</math>の絶対値<math>A(s)=|G(s)|</math>のこと。工学的には、ラプラス領域を[[周波数領域]]に制限した<math>A(\omega)=|G(i\omega)|</math>を考えることが多い。[[ゲイン]]。[[増幅率]]。 ===={{alter}}==== 語義1 *[[利徳]] ===={{rel}}==== *[[デシベル]] *[[ボード線図]] *[[ナイキスト線図]] *[[ラプラス変換]] *[[フーリエ変換]] *[[電気回路]] *[[電子回路]] **[[オペアンプ]]（[[増幅器]]） =={{L|zh}}== ==={{pron}}=== {{cmn-pron|lìdé}} {{yue-pron|lei6 dak1}} {{nan-pron|lī-tit}} ==={{noun}}=== {{zh-cat|li4de2|noun|制御理論}} {{yue-cat|lei6dak1|noun|制御理論}} {{nan-cat|li7tit4|noun|制御理論}} {{zhchars}} #（日本語に同じ）利得。 ##利益。 ##ゲイン。 ===={{syn}}==== *{{zh-l|得利}} *{{zh-l|盈利}} *{{zh-l|增益}} h9zsf6s2ks9w1r1ler856t3wc9e9lqs 2292937 2292928 2026-07-04T07:55:44Z ふゆくれ 95641 /* {{noun}} */ 2292937 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|りとく}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|り|とく|yomi=o}} {{wikipedia}} ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|りとく|acc=0}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[りとく]]}} #[[利益]]、{{おくりがな2|儲|もう|け|もうけ}}を{{おくりがな2|得|え|る|える}}こと。その利益。 #{{context|制御理論|lang=ja}}[[ラプラス領域]]に於ける[[伝達関数]]<math>G(s)</math>の絶対値<math>A(s)=|G(s)|</math>のこと。工学的には、ラプラス領域を[[周波数領域]]に制限した<math>A(\omega)=|G(i\omega)|</math>を考えることが多い。[[ゲイン]]。[[増幅率]]。 ===={{alter}}==== 語義1 *[[利徳]] ===={{rel}}==== *[[デシベル]] *[[ボード線図]] *[[ナイキスト線図]] *[[ラプラス変換]] *[[フーリエ変換]] *[[電気回路]] *[[電子回路]] **[[オペアンプ]]（[[増幅器]]） =={{L|zh}}== ==={{pron}}=== {{cmn-pron|lìdé}} {{yue-pron|lei6 dak1}} {{nan-pron|lī-tit}} ==={{noun}}=== {{zh-cat|li4de2|noun|制御理論}} {{yue-cat|lei6dak1|noun|制御理論}} {{nan-cat|li7tit4|noun|制御理論}} {{zhchars}} #（日本語に同じ）利得。 ##利益。 ##ゲイン。 ===={{syn}}==== *{{zh-l|得利}} *{{zh-l|盈利}} *{{zh-l|增益}} hueir4cuafmy1588tkja3debeooizb5 0 349719 2292618 1936955 2026-07-03T14:51:54Z 20041027 tatsu 59964 修正 2292618 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|がんか}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|がん|か|yomi=o}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[がんか]]}} # [[体内]]の[[正常]]な[[細胞]]が[[癌細胞]]に[[変化]]すること。 ===={{trans}}==== *{{T|en}}: {{t|en|canceration}} ==={{verb}}=== {{日本語サ変活用}} qutxfh6lq4a22zeaohsgk6bw6xksfrt 0 349720 2292619 1646502 2026-07-03T14:53:31Z 20041027 tatsu 59964 /* アナグラム */ {{anagrams}} 2292619 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|en}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{suffix+|cancer|ation}} ==={{noun}}=== {{en-noun|-|s}} # [[癌化]]。 ===={{anag}}==== * {{anagrams|en|a=aacceinnort|Anacreontic|anacreontic}} edd3403upcptz4693joe8ce998z41b6 0 349723 2292617 1646510 2026-07-03T14:49:23Z 20041027 tatsu 59964 {{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} 2292617 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{alter}}=== * [[コンテキスト]] ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|ja|en|context}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun}} #[[文脈]]。 501at0uqdq0ju0kerymlw7d73lksz3h 0 349724 2292616 1646511 2026-07-03T14:47:33Z 20041027 tatsu 59964 /* 日本語 */ {{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} 2292616 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun}} # [[コンテクスト]]の異表記。 binj1px11tsp91xkh3vh3gwg3qdhg2i 0 349748 2292620 1936957 2026-07-03T14:59:04Z 20041027 tatsu 59964 /* 日本語 */ 修正 2292620 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|せんがん}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|せん|がん|yomi=o}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[せんがん]]}} # [[みず|水]]や[[薬液]]で[[め|目]]を[[あらう|洗う]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{日本語サ変活用}} 3aa5va1o6blw1u0e2ioidtrlcd313s1 0 349752 2292621 1936958 2026-07-03T15:00:44Z 20041027 tatsu 59964 修正 2292621 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|せんしゃ}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|せん|しゃ|yomi=o}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[せんしゃ]]}} # [[くるま|車]]や[[電車]]などの[[車体]]を[[洗う]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{日本語サ変活用}} 5shrukkeroo2x7p98oy9i72yf0aghh3 0 349797 2292622 2168471 2026-07-03T15:09:24Z 20041027 tatsu 59964 {{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} {{kangokana}} 2292622 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|せんばつ}} {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|せんぱつ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{kangokana}}=== {{ja-kangokana}} {{ja-k|先発|t=[[先]]に[[出発]]すること。[[団体競技]]で[[試合]]の[[最初]]から[[出場]]すること。|hom=y}} {{ja-k|洗髪|t=[[かみ|髪]]を[[洗う]]こと。}} {{ja-k|染髪|t=[[かみのけ|髪の毛]]を[[染める]]こと。}} 1hh8g9kp59msrztw8vzi28f8hm0w982 0 349846 2292615 1646748 2026-07-03T14:45:33Z 20041027 tatsu 59964 {{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} 2292615 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|けおりもの}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|け|おり|もの|yomi=k}} ==={{wago}}=== {{ja-wagokanji|けおりもの}} #{{wagokanji of|けおりもの}} s8cypm0aouts0rj7rff79hvgilyb01a 0 349854 2292614 1936989 2026-07-03T14:30:23Z 20041027 tatsu 59964 /* 日本語 */ {{ja-noun-suru}} 2292614 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|せんもう}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|せん|もう|yomi=o}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[せんもう]]}} # [[羊毛]]などを[[かりとる|刈り取る]]こと。 # [[けおりもの|毛織物]]を[[しあげる|仕上げる]][[工程]]において、[[表面]]に[[発生]]した[[けば]]を{{おくりがな2|切|き|って|きる}}、[[おりめ|織り目]]を[[はっきり]]させたり、[[ながさ|長さ]]を[[均一]]にしたりすること。 ==={{verb}}=== {{日本語サ変活用}} a25v0tjohjsy5sz1xhynpm090i6ie6j 0 349855 2292613 1646763 2026-07-03T14:28:25Z 20041027 tatsu 59964 {{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} 2292613 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|おりめ}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|お|め|yomi=k}} ==={{wago}}=== {{ja-wagokanji|おりめ}} #{{wagokanji of|おりめ}} p29ix8kmoizqpb5ot4xetkscujidf5t 0 349856 2292612 1646764 2026-07-03T14:27:51Z 20041027 tatsu 59964 {{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} 2292612 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|おりめ}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|お|め|yomi=k}} ==={{wago}}=== {{ja-wagokanji|おりめ}} #{{wagokanji of|おりめ}} p29ix8kmoizqpb5ot4xetkscujidf5t 0 349858 2292611 1646767 2026-07-03T14:26:33Z 20041027 tatsu 59964 {{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} 2292611 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|けむし}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|け|むし|yomi=k}} ==={{wago}}=== {{ja-wagokanji|けむし}} #{{wagokanji of|けむし}} 2v745qjmenl9ppz6n8nnjk29xvs616f 0 349859 2292610 1646768 2026-07-03T14:23:16Z 20041027 tatsu 59964 {{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} 2292610 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|いもむし}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|いも|むし|yomi=k}} ==={{wago}}=== {{ja-wagokanji|いもむし}} #{{wagokanji of|いもむし}} bksedunecpixwvzrdq20fep4pabsajw 0 349872 2292609 1646789 2026-07-03T14:21:59Z 20041027 tatsu 59964 {{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} 2292609 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|むくげ}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|むく|け|k2=げ|yomi=k}} ==={{wago}}=== {{ja-wagokanji|むくげ}} #{{wagokanji of|むくげ}} a3vgnac0lqc190b7lx53pdl0q8f7ik8 0 349891 2292608 1646845 2026-07-03T14:20:04Z 20041027 tatsu 59964 /* 日本語 */ {{kangokana}} 2292608 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ja}}== ==={{kangokana}}=== {{ja-kangokana}} {{ja-k|体毛|t=[[からだ|体]]に{{おくりがな2|生|は|えている|はえる}}[[け|毛]]。|hom=y}} {{ja-k|大望|t=[[おおきい|大きな]][[望み]]。}} arz0mluz0ltbgux0w59auyy9baa9i8q 0 349897 2292607 1646869 2026-07-03T14:16:54Z 20041027 tatsu 59964 {{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} 2292607 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|けさき}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|け|さき|yomi=k}} ==={{wago}}=== {{ja-wagokanji|けさき}} #{{wagokanji of|けさき}} lyborm8golmrun2mtrgllp1jqmafi1h 0 349900 2292606 1646874 2026-07-03T14:15:47Z 20041027 tatsu 59964 /* 日本語 */ {{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} 2292606 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ぬいあわせる}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|ぬ|あ|yomi=k}} ==={{wago}}=== {{ja-wagokanji|ぬいあわせる}} #{{wagokanji of|ぬいあわせる}} ch7hkhssp8l5sxhinokngz1pgqwx91i 0 349937 2292605 1646952 2026-07-03T14:14:08Z 20041027 tatsu 59964 DEFAULTSORT 2292605 wikitext text/x-wiki {{DEFAULTSORT:inorganicchemists}} =={{L|en}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{en-plural}} # [[inorganic chemist]]の複数形。 85j3w8eftvl0o3hmqtim9lblj3pwmze 0 357295 2292700 1661355 2026-07-03T20:14:36Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292700 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|detalh|ar}} #{{context|transitive|lang=pt}}[[詳細]]に[[説明]]する。[[詳述]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|detalhe}} 42bw1ah8ifrsabuc65re1ajvvd5bagf 0 358448 2292696 1663889 2026-07-03T20:14:34Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292696 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|ca|la|dissecāre}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} * {{rhymes|a(ɾ)|s=3}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|dissec}} #{{context|transitive|anatomy|lang=ca}}[[解剖]]する。 #{{context|transitive|lang=ca}}[[分析]]する、[[精査]]する。 {{ca-conj-ar|dissec}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|ca|dissecció}} * {{l|ca|segar}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|pt|la|dissecāre}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|disse|car}} #{{context|transitive|anatomy|lang=pt}}[[解剖]]する。 #{{context|transitive|lang=pt}}[[分析]]する、[[精査]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|dissecação}} * {{l|pt|segar}} 0t6f82b4qjj2jj3f1j16nzlwxzndyhc 0 359557 2292641 1939352 2026-07-03T18:29:41Z Jiba1219 100610 2292641 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|じょうまん}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|じょう|まん|yomi=kanon,o}} ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|じょうまん|acc=0|acc_ref=DJR,NHK16,SMK8}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[じょうまん]]}} #[[冗長]]で[[しまり|締まり]]がないこと。[[散漫]]なこと。 ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== [[Category:{{ja}} {{adjectivenoun}}]] {{日本語ダ活用}} ===脚注=== {{Reflist}} =={{L|zh}}== {{zh-cat|rong3man4|adj}} ==={{adj}}=== {{zhchars}} ({{unicode|rǒngmàn}}) #締まりがない、[[散漫]]な。 53zpv7csix48l09aogpb9ix5bcsg9nm 0 359891 2292736 1666882 2026-07-03T20:52:36Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292736 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|ca|la|speculārī}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|especul}} {{context|intransitive|lang=ca}} #{{おくりがな2|考|かんが|え|かんがえ}}を[[めぐらす]]、[[推測]]する。 #{{context|finance|lang=ca}}[[投機]]する。 {{ca-conj-ar|especul}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|ca|espècul}} * {{l|ca|especulació}} * {{l|ca|especulador}} * {{l|ca|especulatiu}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|es|la|speculari}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #{{おくりがな2|考|かんが|え|かんがえ}}を[[めぐらす]]、[[推測]]する。 #{{context|finance|lang=es}}[[投機]]する。 {{es-conj-ar|especul}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|especulación}} * {{l|es|especulador}} * {{l|es|especulativo}} * {{l|es|espéculo}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|pt|la|speculari}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|especul|ar}} #{{おくりがな2|考|かんが|え|かんがえ}}を[[めぐらす]]、[[推測]]する。 #{{context|finance|lang=pt}}[[投機]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|especulação}} * {{l|pt|especulador}} nowl7hhapp4npj8qrsel07nxopjbj3e 0 363406 2292738 1675218 2026-07-03T20:54:07Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292738 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|gl}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|gl}} {{m|la|ēmittere}} ==={{verb}}=== {{gl-verb|emit|ir}} #{{おくりがな2|放|はな|つ|はなつ}}、[[放出]]する。 {{gl-conj-ir|emit}} ===={{rel}}==== *{{l|gl|emisión}} *{{l|gl|emisor}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|es}} {{m|la|emittere}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} *{{hyphenation|e|mi|tir}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #（意見を）{{おくりがな2|述|の|べる|のべる}}、[[表明]]する。 #{{おくりがな2|放|はな|つ|はなつ}}、[[放出]]する。 #[[放送]]する。 {{es-conj-ir|emit}} ===={{rel}}==== *{{l|es|emisario}} *{{l|es|emisión}} *{{l|es|emisor}} *{{l|es|emisora}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|pt}} {{m|la|ēmittere}} ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA}} *{{hyphenation|e|mi|tir}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|emit|ir}} #{{おくりがな2|放|はな|つ|はなつ}}、[[放出]]する。 #（意見を）{{おくりがな2|述|の|べる|のべる}}、[[表明]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{rel}}==== *{{l|pt|emissão}} *{{l|pt|emissivo}} *{{l|pt|emissor}} *{{l|pt|emissora}} *{{l|pt|emitente}} 94907tfhj9h5ti30xq0o5281qvtdobp 0 364046 2292634 1676514 2026-07-03T18:04:57Z Jiba1219 100610 2292634 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|zh}}== {{zh-cat|qin1mu4|verb|noun}} {{yue-cat|chan1muk6|verb|noun}} ==={{pron}}=== {{cmn-pron|qīnmù|z=n}} {{yue-pron|can1 muk6|h=n}} ==={{verb}}=== {{zhchars|t=親睦}} #親しくむつみ合う。[[親睦]]する。 ==={{noun}}=== {{zhchars|t=親睦}} #[[親戚]]。 f7r2bq1g3xyrtwadie89mer7fuacpap 0 368485 2292744 1685925 2026-07-03T20:59:20Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292744 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|intercéder}} =={{L|en}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{-er|intercede}} ==={{noun}}=== {{en-noun}} #[[仲裁]]者。 ==={{anag}}=== * {{anagrams|en|a=cdeeeinrrt|crednerite}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|es}} {{m|la|intercēdere}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #{{context|intransitive|lang=es}}{{おくりがな3|取|と|り|成|な|す|とりなす}}、[[仲裁]]する、[[仲介]]する。 {{es-conj-er|interced}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|intercesor}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|pt}} {{m|la|intercēdere}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|interced|er}} #{{おくりがな3|取|と|り|成|な|す|とりなす}}、[[仲裁]]する、[[仲介]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|pt|intervir}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|intercessor}} k3sk54gcap8yh4oyt93rp01cgtfv0l0 0 369326 2292677 1687606 2026-07-03T20:06:50Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292677 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|ca}} {{m|la|contāmināre}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} * {{rhymes|a(ɾ)|s=4}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|contamin}} #[[汚染]]する。 {{ca-conj-ar|contamin}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|ca|contaminació}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|es}} {{m|la|contāmināre}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #{{context|transitive|lang=es}}[[汚染]]する。 #{{context|transitive|lang=es}}[[悪影響]]を{{おくりがな2|及|およ|ぼす|およぼす}}。 {{es-conj-ar|contamin}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|pt}} {{m|la|contāmināre}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|contamin|ar}} #[[汚染]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} btuzmquhpyz7h0bzbjoo41otzopldm0 0 372758 2292745 1695089 2026-07-03T20:59:21Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292745 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|ca|la|inquiētāre}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|inquiet}} #{{おくりがな2|悩|なや|ます|なやます}}、[[心配]]させる。 {{ca-conj-ar|inquiet}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|ca|inquiet}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|es|la|inquietāre}} < {{m|la|inquiētus}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #{{context|transitive|reflexive|lang=es}}{{おくりがな2|悩|なや|ます|なやます}}、[[心配]]させる。 {{es-conj-ar|inquiet}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|inquieto}} * {{l|es|inquietud}} * {{l|es|quietar}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|pt|la|inquietāre}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|inquiet|ar}} #[[動揺]]させる、[[不安]]にさせる、[[心配]]させる。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|pt|desconcertar}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|inquietude}} * {{l|pt|quietar}} dfq3iswi7wien3b45xy77ho8py92r1g 0 373581 2292663 1696904 2026-07-03T20:05:15Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292663 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ast}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|ast}} {{m|la|cōnsīderāre}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ast-verb-ar|consider}} #[[考慮]]する、[[熟慮]]する。 #[[尊敬]]する、[[尊重]]する。 {{ast-conj-ar|consider}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|ast|considerable}} * {{l|ast|consideración}} ---- =={{L|ia}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{ia-verb|ar}} #[[考慮]]する、[[熟慮]]する。 {{ia-conj|consider|ar}} ---- =={{L|oc}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|oc}} {{m|la|cōnsīderāre}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{音声|oc|LL-Q14185 (oci)-Davidgrosclaude-considerar.wav|音声(ベアルン)}} ==={{verb}}=== {{oc-verb|consider|ar}} #[[考慮]]する、[[熟慮]]する。 ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|oc|consideracion}} ---- =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|ca}} {{m|la|cōnsīderāre}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|consider}} #[[考慮]]する、[[熟慮]]する。 #[[尊敬]]する、[[尊重]]する。 {{ca-conj-ar|consider}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|ca|reconsiderar}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|ca|considerable}} * {{l|ca|consideració}} ---- =={{L|gl}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|gl}} {{m|la|cōnsīderāre}} ==={{verb}}=== {{gl-verb|consider|ar}} #[[考慮]]する、[[熟慮]]する。 {{gl-conj-ar|consider}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|gl|reconsiderar}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|gl|considerábel}}, {{l|gl|considerable}} * {{l|gl|consideración}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|es}} {{m|la|cōnsīderāre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #[[考慮]]する、[[熟慮]]する。 #{{おくりがな3|見|み||做|な|す|みなす}}。 #{{context|reflexive|自分自身を|lang=es}}見做す。 {{es-conj-ar|consider}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|es|reconsiderar}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|considerable}} * {{l|es|consideración}} * {{l|es|sideral}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|roa-opt|pt}} {{m|roa-opt|considerar}} < {{etyl|la|pt}} {{m|la|cōnsīderāre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA}} * {{hyphenation|con|si|de|rar}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|consider|ar}} #{{context|transitive|lang=pt}}[[考慮]]する、[[熟慮]]する。 #{{context|transitive|lang=pt}}[[尊敬]]する、[[尊重]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|pt|reconsiderar}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|consideração}} * {{l|pt|considerável}} alibquf2t2865e2kznf68v7c4plqbcd 0 374765 2292704 1700426 2026-07-03T20:14:37Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292704 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|io}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|en|io}} {{m|en|degenerate}}, {{etyl|fr|io}} {{m|fr|dégénérer}}, {{etyl|de|io}} {{m|de|degenerieren}}, {{etyl|it|io}} {{m|it|degenerare}}, {{etyl|ru|io}} {{m|ru|дегенерировать}}, {{etyl|es|io}} {{m|es|degenerar}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{IPA|lang=io|de.ɡe.neˈrar}} ==={{verb}}=== {{io-verb|degener}} #{{context|intransitive|lang=io}}[[悪化]]する、[[退化]]する、[[退歩]]する、[[堕落]]する。 ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|es}} {{m|la|dēgenerāre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #[[悪化]]する、[[退化]]する、[[退歩]]する、[[堕落]]する。 {{es-conj-ar|degener}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|pt|la|dēgenerāre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA}} * {{hyphenation|de|ge|ne|rar}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|degener|ar}} #[[悪化]]する、[[退化]]する、[[退歩]]する、[[堕落]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} 9s0h1ls0p1nbxpi9kukgt9a0djn0i0y 0 380397 2292790 1712875 2026-07-03T21:12:29Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292790 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{suffix+|ocasió|ar|lang=ca}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|ocasion}} #{{context|transitive|lang=ca}}{{おくりがな3|引|ひ|き|起|お|こす|ひきおこす}}、[[原因]]となる。 {{ca-conj-ar|ocasion}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{suffix+|ocasión|ar|lang=es}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #{{context|transitive|lang=es}}{{おくりがな3|引|ひ|き|起|お|こす|ひきおこす}}、[[原因]]となる。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{es-conj}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{suffix+|ocasião|ar|lang=pt}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|ocasion|ar}} #{{おくりがな3|引|ひ|き|起|お|こす|ひきおこす}}、[[原因]]となる。 #[[発生]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} qsg8mbbpnheqyt2r4rvym1yr55pg8ub 0 382384 2292780 1717175 2026-07-03T21:10:55Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292780 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|pt}}== ==={{alter}}=== *{{alt+|pt|sospeitar|sospeytar|suspeytar||廃用}} ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|pt}} {{m|la|suspectāre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb|suspeit|ar}} #{{おくりがな2|疑|うたが|う|うたがう}}。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} 2a3b6jfaa9li2x1szh1wi5zm083ved9 0 384920 2292660 1723275 2026-07-03T20:02:20Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292660 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|vec}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|vec|la|accumulāre}} ==={{verb}}=== {{head|vec|verb}} #{{context|transitive|lang=vec}}{{おくりがな3|積|つ|み|上|あ|げる|つみあげる}}、[[蓄積]]する。 {{vec-conj-auto}} ---- =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|ca|la|accumulāre}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|acumul}} #{{context|transitive|lang=ca}}{{おくりがな3|積|つ|み|上|あ|げる|つみあげる}}、[[蓄積]]する。 #{{context|reflexive|acumular-se|lang=ca}}{{おくりがな3|積|つ|み|上|あ|がる|つみあがる}}。 {{ca-conj-ar|acumul}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|ca|acumulació}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{alter}}=== * {{l|es|cumular}} (まれ) ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|es|la|accumulāre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} * {{音声|es|LL-Q1321 (spa)-AdrianAbdulBaha-acumular.wav|音声(コロンビア)}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #{{context|transitive|lang=es}}{{おくりがな3|積|つ|み|上|あ|げる|つみあげる}}、[[蓄積]]する。 {{es-conj-ar|acumul}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|es|acumulable}} * {{l|es|acumulado}} * {{l|es|acumulamiento}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|acumulación}} * {{l|es|acumulador}} * {{l|es|acumulativo}} * {{l|es|acúmulo}} * {{l|es|cumular}} * {{l|es|colmar}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|pt|la|accumulāre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA}} * {{hyph|pt|a|cu|mu|lar}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #{{おくりがな3|積|つ|み|上|あ|げる|つみあげる}}、[[蓄積]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|pt|juntar}}, {{l|pt|armazenar}}, {{l|pt|amontoar}}, {{l|pt|ajuntar}}, {{l|pt|cumular}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|acúmulo}} * {{l|pt|acumulação}} * {{l|pt|acumulativo}} * {{l|pt|acumulável}} * {{l|pt|acumulador}} hul0g8zf85tv2h7rxfdlg3ogn7036np 0 385302 2292647 1724400 2026-07-03T20:02:15Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292647 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|io}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor+|io|en|augment}}, {{bor+|io|fr|augmenter}}, {{bor+|io|de|Augment}}, {{bor+|io|it|aumentare}}, {{bor+|io|es|aumentar}} < {{etyl|LL.|io}} {{m|la|augmentāre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{io-IPA}} * {{IPA|lang=io|au̯ɡ.menˈtar|au̯ɡ.mɛnˈtaɾ}} ==={{verb}}=== {{io-verb|augment}} #{{context|ambitransitive|lang=io}}[[増加]]する、[[増大]]する。 #（価値・賃金などを）{{おくりがな2|上|あ|げる|あげる}}。 ===={{ant}}==== * {{l|io|diminutar}} * {{l|io|reduktar}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|io|augmento}} * {{l|io|augmenteso}} * {{l|io|augmenturo}} * {{l|io|augmentiva}} * {{l|io|augmentivo}} * {{l|io|pluse augmentar}} ==={{seealso}}=== * {{l|io|plucherigar}} ---- =={{L|ia}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{ia-verb|ar}} #[[増加]]する、[[増大]]する。 {{ia-conj|augment|ar}} ---- =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor+|ca|LL.|augmentāre}} < {{etyl|la|ca}} {{m|la|augmentum}} < {{m|la|augēre}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|augment}} #{{context|ambitransitive|lang=ca}}[[増加]]する、[[増大]]する。 {{ca-conj-ar|augment}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|ca|augment}} * {{l|ca|augmentable}} * {{l|ca|augmentació}} * {{l|ca|augmentat}} * {{l|ca|augmentatiu}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #[[aumentar]]の廃用。 {{es-conj-ar|augment}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #[[aumentar]]の廃用。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} bzxbje8cwijau1jylmfs9vbysco0576 0 385691 2292653 1725336 2026-07-03T20:02:18Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292653 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|io}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor+|io|en|adjust}}, {{bor+|io|fr|ajuster}}, {{bor+|io|de|justieren}}, {{bor+|io|it|aggiustare}}, {{bor|io|es|ajustar}} ==={{pron}}=== {{io-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{io-verb|ajust}} #{{context|transitive|technology|lang=io}}[[調節]]する、[[調整]]する。 ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|io|ajusto}} * {{l|io|ajusti}} ---- =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{prefix|a|just|lang=ca}}{{suffix+||ar|lang=ca}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|ajust}} #[[調節]]する、[[調整]]する。 {{ca-conj-ar|ajust}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|ca|ajust}} * {{l|ca|ajustable}} * {{l|ca|ajustament}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{m|es|justo}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} * {{音声|es|LL-Q1321 (spa)-AdrianAbdulBaha-ajustar.wav|音声(コロンビア)}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #[[調節]]する、[[調整]]する。 #[[微調整]]する。 #{{おくりがな2|合|あ|わせる|あわせる}}、[[適合]]させる。 #{{context|reflexive|lang=es}}{{おくりがな2|従|したが|う|したがう}}。 #{{context|reflexive|lang=es}}適合する、[[適応]]する。 {{es-conj-ar|ajust}} ===={{syn}}==== * (語義4) {{l|es|acatar|respetar}} ===={{ant}}==== * (語義1) {{l|es|desajustar}} ===={{drv}}==== {{top}} * {{l|es|ajustado}} * {{l|es|ajustable}} * {{l|es|ajustador}} * {{l|es|ajustamiento}} * {{l|es|ajustar cuentas}} * {{l|es|ajuste}} * {{l|es|ajustón}} * {{l|es|desajustar}} * {{l|es|reajustar}} {{bottom}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{prefix|a|justo|lang=pt}}{{suffix+||ar|lang=pt}} ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #[[調節]]する、[[調整]]する。 #{{おくりがな2|合|あ|わせる|あわせる}}、[[適合]]させる。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ---- =={{L|lad}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{lad-verb|l|heb=אג׳וסטאר}} #{{おくりがな2|足|た|す|たす}}、{{おくりがな2|加|くわ|える|くわえる}}。 nwk0ut3rfzkuqd4njs5gei8h5s6sazw 0 387157 2292777 1728030 2026-07-03T21:08:10Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292777 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|sq}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{l|sq|vistār}} < {{etyl|gkm|sq}} {{m|gkm|βιστάριον}} < {{etyl|la|sq}} {{m|la|vestarion}} < {{m|la|vestis}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{IPA|lang=sq|viˈsaɾ}} ==={{noun}}=== {{sq-noun|m|visare|visari|visaret}} #{{ふりがな|宝|たから}}、[[宝物]]。 ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|sq|thesar}} ---- =={{L|io}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|io|fr|visser}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{IPA|lang=io|ˈvi.sar}} ==={{verb}}=== {{io-verb|vis}} #{{context|transitive|intransitive|lang=io}}{{おくりがな2|回|まわ|し|まわす}}て{{おくりがな2|締|し|める|しめる}}。 ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|io|viso}} * {{l|io|visilo}} * {{l|io|visilo ajustebla}} * {{l|io|desvisar}} ==={{seealso}}=== * {{l|io|skrubagar}} ---- =={{L|ca}}== ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|vis}} #[[査証]]する、[[ビザ]]を{{おくりがな2|与|あた|える|あたえる}}。 {{ca-conj-ar|vis}} ---- =={{L|sv}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{head|sv|noun form}} #[[vise]]の非限定複数形。 ==={{verb}}=== {{head|sv|verb form}} #[[visa]]の現在形。 ==={{anag}}=== * {{anagrams|sv|a=airsv|rivas|viras}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor+|es|fr|viser}} < {{etyl|la|es}} {{m|la|vīsere}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #{{おくりがな2|狙|ねら|う|ねらう}}。 #[[査証]]する、[[ビザ]]を{{おくりがな2|与|あた|える|あたえる}}。 #[[承認]]する。 {{es-conj-ar|vis}} ---- =={{L|nn}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{nn-noun-form|m}} #[[vis]]の非限定複数形。 ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor+|pt|fr|viser}} < {{etyl|la|pt}} {{m|la|vīsere}} ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA}} * {{homophones|lang=pt|bisar}} * {{hyph|pt|vi|sar}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #{{おくりがな2|狙|ねら|う|ねらう}}。 #[[目的]]とする。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ---- =={{L|la}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{la-verb-form|vīsar}} #[[visere|vīsere]]の直説法所相未来第一人称単数形。 nxwkaiqp1r4c07pt72c9097spbl5iaz 0 392805 2292702 1743536 2026-07-03T20:14:36Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292702 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ast}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor+|ast|fr|déserter}} < {{etyl|LL.|ast}} {{m|la|dēsertāre}} < {{etyl|la|ast}} {{m|la|desertus}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ast-verb-ar|desert}} #[[脱走]]する、[[逃亡]]する。 {{ast-conj-ar|desert}} ---- =={{L|ca}}== ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|desert}} #[[脱走]]する、[[逃亡]]する。 {{ca-conj-ar|desert}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor+|es|fr|déserter}} < {{etyl|LL.|es}} {{m|la|dēsertāre}} < {{etyl|la|es}} {{m|la|desertus}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #[[脱走]]する、[[逃亡]]する。 {{es-conj-ar|desert}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|deserción}} * {{l|es|desertor}} * {{l|es|desierto}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor+|pt|fr|déserter}} < {{etyl|LL.|pt}} {{m|la|dēsertāre}} < {{etyl|la|pt}} {{m|la|desertus}} ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA}} * {{hyphenation|de|ser|tar}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #[[脱走]]する、[[逃亡]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|deserção}} * {{l|pt|deserto}} ifrzbl3kz0xv1jde8lpq76vpdfds95y 0 397971 2292771 1755581 2026-07-03T21:06:55Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292771 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ia}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{ia-verb|ar}} #{{おくりがな2|這|は|う|はう}}。 {{ia-conj|rept|ar|intr=yes}} ---- =={{L|ca}}== ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} ==={{etym}}1=== {{etyl|la|ca}} {{m|la|reputāre}} ===={{verb}}==== {{ca-verb|ar|rept}} #{{context|transitive|lang=ca}}{{おくりがな2|挑|いど|む|いどむ}}、[[挑戦]]する。 {{ca-conj-ar|rept}} ====={{drv}}===== * {{l|ca|repte}} ==={{etym}}2=== {{bor|ca|la|reptāre}} ===={{verb}}==== {{ca-verb|ar|rept}} #{{context|intransitive|lang=ca}}[[ずるずる]]{{おくりがな2|滑|すべ|る|すべる}}。 {{ca-conj-ar|rept}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{etym}}1=== {{bor|es|la|reptāre}} ===={{verb}}==== {{es-verb}} #[[ずるずる]]{{おくりがな2|滑|すべ|る|すべる}}。 #{{おくりがな2|這|は|う|はう}}。 {{es-conj-ar|rept}} ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|es|deslizarse}} # to [[crawl]] # to [[creep]] ==={{etym}}2=== {{etyl|osp|es}} {{m|osp|rebtar}} < {{etyl|la|es}} {{m|la|reputāre}} ===={{verb}}==== {{es-verb}} #[[retar]]の廃用。 {{es-conj-ar|rept}} ==={{anag}}=== * {{l|es|trepar}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}1=== {{bor|pt|la|reptāre}} ===={{verb}}==== {{pt-verb}} #{{context|intransitive|lang=pt}}[[ずるずる]]{{おくりがな2|滑|すべ|る|すべる}}。 #{{context|intransitive|lang=pt}}{{おくりがな2|這|は|う|はう}}。 ====={{conjug}}===== {{pt-conj}} ==={{etym}}2=== {{bor|pt|la|reputāre}} ===={{verb}}==== {{pt-verb}} #{{context|transitive|lang=pt}}{{おくりがな2|挑|いど|む|いどむ}}、[[挑戦]]する。 ====={{conjug}}===== {{pt-conj}} ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|pt|desafiar}} ====={{drv}}===== * {{l|pt|repto}} rcqf5s92f59j851bwn5cplm7cilv8xl 0 398610 2292691 1756668 2026-07-03T20:14:32Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292691 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ca}}== ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|document}} #{{context|transitive|lang=ca}}[[資料]]で[[立証]]する。 {{ca-conj-ar|document}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|ca|document}} ---- =={{L|gl}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{gl-verb|document|ar}} #[[資料]]で[[立証]]する。 {{gl-conj-ar|document}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{suffix+|documento|ar|lang=es}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #{{context|transitive|lang=es}}[[資料]]で[[立証]]する。 #{{context|reflexive|lang=es}}資料を{{おくりがな2|集|あつ|める|あつめる}}。 {{es-conj-ar|document}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|documento}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{suffix+|documento|ar|lang=pt}} ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #{{context|transitive|lang=pt}}[[文書]]で[[記録]]する。 #{{context|transitive|lang=pt}}[[資料]]で[[立証]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|documentação}} * {{l|pt|documentado}} * {{l|pt|documentador}} * {{l|pt|documental}} * {{l|pt|documentário}} ---- =={{L|ro}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|ro|fr|documentaire}} ==={{adjective}}=== {{ro-adj}} #[[文書]]の、[[資料]]の、[[記録]]の。 {{ro-decl-adj}} qyj11zcgria1vzdrds5obaxl7mtlfbs 0 399496 2292902 1953061 2026-07-04T02:23:18Z 鍼灸 112313 2292902 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{ja}}== {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|みかくにん}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|みかくにん}} #[[まだ]][[確認]]されて[[いない]]こと。 ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{日本語ダ活用}} ===={{rel}}==== *[[未確認飛行物体]] ===={{trans}}==== *{{en}}:(形容表現){{t|en|unidentified}} =={{ko}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ko-head|noun|미확인}} #（日本語に同じ）未確認。 5mzvr96g0yxcezg6vmb3h5hrauf6cj7 2292960 2292902 2026-07-04T11:34:09Z 鍼灸 112313 2292960 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{ja}}== {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|みかくにん}} ==={{etym}}=== {{affix|ja|未-|確認}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|みかくにん}} #[[まだ]][[確認]]されて[[いない]]こと。 ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{日本語ダ活用}} ===={{rel}}==== *[[未確認飛行物体]] ===={{trans}}==== *{{en}}:(形容表現){{t|en|unidentified}} =={{ko}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ko-head|noun|미확인}} #（日本語に同じ）未確認。 inzanzz1dvdga1ejmng53mu3z17oqxa 0 399780 2292626 2216856 2026-07-03T17:42:32Z Jiba1219 100610 2292626 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|いばしんえん}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|い|ば|しん|えん|yomi=o,kanon,o,kanon}} ==={{alter}}=== *{{alt+|ja|心猿意馬}} ==={{idiom}}=== {{ja-idiom|いばしんえん}} #{{タグ||四字熟語|label=no}} {{タグ|ja|仏教}} [[煩悩]]や[[情欲]]は抑えがたいこと。 ===参考文献=== *{{Cite book|和書|title=四字熟語·成句辞典|author=竹田晃|page=67|ISBN=978-4-06-292163-3|publisher=講談社|location=東京|year=2013}} =={{L|zh}}== {{zh-cat|yi4ma3xin1yuan2|idiom|仏教}} ==={{alter}}=== *{{zh-l|心猿意馬}} ==={{pron}}=== {{cmn-pron|yìmǎxīnyuán}} ==={{idiom}}=== {{zhchars|s=意马心猿}} #{{q|仏教}} [[おちつき|落ち着き]]なく[[気まぐれ]]であるさま。 ===参考文献=== *{{R:zh:HDC}} a8qr7eyxf37fas4fc5ojomup721ity5 0 399781 2292627 2216855 2026-07-03T17:43:08Z Jiba1219 100610 2292627 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|zh}}== {{zh-cat|yi4ma3xin1yuan2|idiom|仏教}} ==={{pron}}=== {{cmn-pron|yìmǎxīnyuán|z=n}} ==={{idiom}}=== {{zhchars|t=意馬心猿}} #{{q|仏教}} [[おちつき|落ち着き]]なく[[気まぐれ]]であるさま。 ===参考文献=== *{{R:zh:HDC}} 5rkpma96x7jr5ig0g2ybpo9di4w47kq 0 400580 2292752 1762168 2026-07-03T20:59:23Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292752 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|ca}} {{m|la|incinerāre}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|inciner}} #{{context|transitive|lang=ca}}[[焼却]]する。 #{{context|transitive|lang=ca}}[[火葬]]する。 {{ca-conj-ar|inciner}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|ca|incineració}} * {{l|ca|incinerador}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|es}} {{m|la|incinerāre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #[[焼却]]する。 #[[火葬]]する。 {{es-conj-ar|inciner}} ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|es|cremar}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|incineración}} * {{l|es|incinerador}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|pt|la|incinerāre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA}} * {{hyphenation|in|ci|ne|rar}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #[[焼却]]する。 #[[火葬]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|incineração}} * {{l|pt|incinerador}} 2k3je2w43ltllmrdo555ql08augbazs 0 401877 2292661 1765208 2026-07-03T20:02:20Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292661 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ast}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|ast}} {{m|la|accūsāre}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ast-verb-ar|acus}} #{{context|transitive|lang=ast}}{{おくりがな2|責|せ|める|せめる}}、[[非難]]する、[[告発]]する。 {{ast-conj-ar|acus}} ---- =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|ca}} {{m|la|accūsāre}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} * {{音声|ca|LL-Q7026 (cat)-Unjoanqualsevol-acusar.wav|音声}} * {{rhymes|a(ɾ)|s=3}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|acus}} #{{おくりがな2|責|せ|める|せめる}}、[[非難]]する、[[告発]]する。 {{ca-conj-ar|acus}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|ca|acusació}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|osp|es}} {{m|osp|acusar}} < {{etyl|la|es}} {{m|la|accūsāre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #{{context|transitive|lang=es}}{{おくりがな2|責|せ|める|せめる}}、[[非難]]する。 #{{context|transitive|lang=es}}{{おくりがな2|訴|うった|える|うったえる}}、[[告発]]する。 #{{context|transitive|legal|lang=es}}[[有罪]]にする。 #{{context|transitive|legal|lang=es}}[[起訴]]する、[[告訴]]する。 #{{context|transitive|lang=es}}{{おくりがな2|表|あらわ|す|あらわす}}、{{おくりがな2|示|しめ|す|しめす}}。 #{{context|reflexive|lang=es}}[[自白]]する、[[白状]]する。 #{{context|reflexive|lang=es}}{{おくりがな2|明|あき|らか|あきらか}}になる、[[露呈]]する。 {{es-conj-ar|acus}} ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|es|denunciar}}, {{l|es|manifestar}}, {{l|es|revelar}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|es|acusado}} * {{l|es|acusete}} * {{l|es|acusón}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|acusación}} * {{l|es|acusador}} * {{l|es|acusativo}} * {{l|es|acusatorio}} ===={{desc}}==== * {{desc|ceb|akusar|bor=1}} * {{desc|tl|akusa|bor=1}} * {{desc|cbk|acusa}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{alter}}=== * {{l|pt|accusar}} (廃用) ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|roa-opt|pt}} {{m|roa-opt|acusar}} < {{etyl|la|pt}} {{m|la|accūsāre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #{{おくりがな2|責|せ|める|せめる}}、[[非難]]する、[[告発]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|acusação}} * {{l|pt|acusador}} * {{l|pt|acusativo}} * {{l|pt|acusatório}} * {{l|pt|acusável}} tdbw9g1904aw3ewyahn0cl02iw1n2vz 0 401906 2292756 1765253 2026-07-03T20:59:24Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292756 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|io}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor+|io|eo|imputi}}, {{bor+|io|en|impute}}, {{bor+|io|fr|imputer}}, {{bor+|io|it|imputare}}, {{bor+|io|es|imputar}} < {{etyl|la|io}} {{m|la|imputāre}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{IPA|lang=io|im.puˈtar}} ==={{verb}}=== {{io-verb|imput}} #{{context|transitive|lang=io}}〜の[[せい]]にする、（責任などを）{{おくりがな2|負|お|わ|おう}}せる。 ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|io|imputo}} ---- =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|ca|la|imputāre}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|imput}} #{{context|transitive|lang=ca}}〜の[[せい]]にする、（責任などを）{{おくりがな2|負|お|わ|おう}}せる。 {{ca-conj-ar|imput}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|ca|imputable}} * {{l|ca|imputació}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|es|la|imputāre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #{{context|transitive|lang=es}}〜の[[せい]]にする、（責任などを）{{おくりがな2|負|お|わ|おう}}せる。 ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|es|atribuir}}, {{l|es|achacar}} {{es-conj-ar|imput}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|imputable}} * {{l|es|imputación}} * {{l|es|imputador}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|pt|la|imputāre}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #{{context|transitive|lang=pt}}〜の[[せい]]にする、（責任などを）{{おくりがな2|負|お|わ|おう}}せる。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|imputação}} iypzjtemjsad5wfj8201ag3gg2wf84l 0 401961 2292746 1765317 2026-07-03T20:59:21Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292746 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ast}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|ast}} {{m|la|īnsultāre}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ast-verb-ar|insult}} #[[侮辱]]する、{{おくりがな2|罵|ののし|る|ののしる}}。 {{ast-conj-ar|insult}} ---- =={{L|io}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor+|io|eo|insulti}}, {{bor+|io|en|insult}}, {{bor+|io|fr|insulter}}, {{bor+|io|de|insultieren}}, {{bor+|io|it|insultare}}, {{bor+|io|es|insultar}} < {{etyl|la|io}} {{m|la|īnsultāre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{io-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{io-verb|insult}} #{{context|transitive|lang=io}}[[侮辱]]する、{{おくりがな2|罵|ののし|る|ののしる}}。 ---- =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|ca}} {{m|la|īnsultāre}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} * {{rhymes|a(ɾ)|s=3}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|insult}} #[[侮辱]]する、{{おくりがな2|罵|ののし|る|ののしる}}。 {{ca-conj-ar|insult}} ---- =={{L|gl}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|gl}} {{m|la|īnsultāre}} ==={{verb}}=== {{gl-verb|insult|ar}} #[[侮辱]]する、{{おくりがな2|罵|ののし|る|ののしる}}。 {{gl-conj-ar|insult}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|es}} {{m|la|īnsultāre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #{{context|transitive|lang=es}}[[侮辱]]する、{{おくりがな2|罵|ののし|る|ののしる}}。 {{es-conj-ar|insult}} ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|es|ofender}}, {{l|es|ultrajar}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|insulto}} * {{l|es|insolente}} * {{l|es|salir}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|pt|la|īnsultāre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #[[侮辱]]する、{{おくりがな2|罵|ののし|る|ののしる}}。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|pt|ultrajar}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|insulto}} 6lixrs56svxgfnksr0cq8se2erjjmc3 0 402072 2292753 1765573 2026-07-03T20:59:22Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292753 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor+|ca|ML.|incriminare}} < {{etyl|la|ca}} {{m|la|criminare}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} * {{rhymes|a(ɾ)}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|incrimin}} #{{context|transitive|legal|lang=ca}}{{ふりがな|罪|つみ}}を{{おくりがな2|負|お|わ|おう}}せる、[[起訴]]する、[[告訴]]する、[[告発]]する。 {{ca-conj-ar|incrimin}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor+|es|ML.|incriminare}} < {{etyl|la|es}} {{m|la|criminare}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #{{context|transitive|legal|lang=es}}{{ふりがな|罪|つみ}}を{{おくりがな2|負|お|わ|おう}}せる、[[起訴]]する、[[告訴]]する、[[告発]]する。 {{es-conj-ar|incrimin}} ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|es|acriminar}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|es|incriminación}} * {{l|es|incriminatorio}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|criminar}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor+|pt|ML.|incrīmināre}} < {{etyl|la|pt}} {{m|la|crīmināre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #{{context|transitive|legal|lang=pt}}{{ふりがな|罪|つみ}}を{{おくりがな2|負|お|わ|おう}}せる、[[起訴]]する、[[告訴]]する、[[告発]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|pt|acusar}}, {{l|pt|culpar}}, {{l|pt|imputar}} ===={{ant}}==== * {{l|pt|inocentar}}, {{l|pt|descriminar}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|crime}} * {{l|pt|criminal}} * {{l|pt|criminoso}} * {{l|pt|incriminação}} * {{l|pt|incriminado}} ths9wyt2wr3cetr52w5z6yi5ukqhju7 0 403105 2292683 1767766 2026-07-03T20:09:48Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292683 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{suffix+|fissura|ar|lang=pt}} ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #{{おくりがな3|割|わ|れ|目|め||われめ}}を[[生じる|生じ]]させる。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} 15xqbzavausd6yvfrg01df9nd4ntqe9 0 405775 2292719 1774250 2026-07-03T20:21:45Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292719 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ast}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|ast|la|plantāre}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ast-verb-ar|plant}} #{{おくりがな2|植|う|える|うえる}}。 #{{おくりがな2|捨|す|てる|すてる}}、[[放棄]]する。 {{ast-conj-ar|plant}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|ast|planta}} ---- =={{L|en}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la}} {{m|la|planta}} ==={{adjective}}=== {{en-adj|-}} #{{context|anatomy|lang=en}}[[足底]]の。 ===={{hyper}}==== * {{l|en|volar}} ===={{seealso}}==== * {{l|en|palmar}} ---- =={{L|ca}}== ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} ==={{etym}}1=== {{suffix+|planta|ar|lang=ca}} ===={{adjective}}==== {{ca-adj-mf}} #{{context|anatomy|lang=ca}}[[足底]]の。 ==={{etym}}2=== {{etyl|roa-oca|ca}} {{m|roa-oca|plantar}} < {{etyl|LL.|ca}} {{m|la|plantāre}} ===={{verb}}==== {{ca-verb|ar|plant}} #{{context|transitive|lang=ca}}{{おくりがな2|植|う|える|うえる}}。 #{{context|transitive|lang=ca}}{{おくりがな2|置|お|く|おく}}、[[設置]]する。 #{{context|pronominal|lang=ca}}{{おくりがな2|留|とど|まる|とどまる}}。 #{{context|pronominal|card game|lang=ca}}[[カード]]を{{おくりがな2|引|ひ|か|ひく}}ない。 {{ca-conj-ar|plant}} ====={{drv}}===== * {{l|ca|plantada}} * {{l|ca|plantador}} * {{l|ca|plantament}} * {{l|ca|plantat}} ====={{rel}}===== * {{l|ca|planta}} * {{l|ca|plantació}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{etym}}1=== {{bor|es|la|plantāre}} ===={{verb}}==== {{es-verb}} #{{おくりがな2|植|う|える|うえる}}。 #{{おくりがな3|植|う|え|付|つ|ける|うえつける}}、{{おくりがな3|打|う|ち|込|こ|む|うちこむ}}。 #{{おくりがな2|置|お|く|おく}}、[[設置]]する。 #[[反抗]]する。 #（いきなり）{{おくりがな2|殴|なぐ|る|なぐる}}、[[殴打]]する。 #{{おくりがな2|軽|かる|い|かるい}}[[キス]]をする。 #{{context|reflexive|lang=es}}{{おくりがな2|留|とど|まる|とどまる}}。 #{{context|reflexive|lang=es}}[[固執]]する。 #{{context|reflexive|card game|lang=es}}[[カード]]を{{おくりがな2|引|ひ|か|ひく}}ない。 {{es-conj-ar|plant}} ====={{drv}}===== * {{l|es|desplantar}}, {{l|es|implantar}}, {{l|es|plantar un pino}}, {{l|es|trasplantar}}, {{l|es|dejar plantado}}, {{l|es|plantar cara}} ====={{rel}}===== * {{l|es|plantador}}, {{l|es|planta}}, {{l|es|plantación}}, {{l|es|plantear}}, {{l|es|replantar}}, {{l|es|suplantar}} ==={{etym}}2=== ===={{adjective}}==== {{es-adj|pl=plantares}} #{{context|anatomy|lang=es}}[[足底]]の。 ====={{drv}}===== * {{l|es|fascitis plantar}} ====={{rel}}===== * {{l|es|planta}} ---- =={{L|nn}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{head|nn|noun form|g=m}} #[[plante]]の非限定複数形。 ==={{verb}}=== {{head|nn|verb form}} #[[planta]]の現在形。 ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|roa-opt|pt}} {{m|roa-opt|plantar}}, {{m|roa-opt|prantar}} < {{etyl|la|pt}} {{m|la|plantāre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #{{おくりがな2|植|う|える|うえる}}。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|planta}} * {{l|pt|plantação}} 4ixijxsexoy61sl1a5vz7g8qxrox8ft 0 405794 2292792 1774271 2026-07-03T21:13:50Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292792 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ca}}== ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|transplant}} #{{context|transitive|botany|lang=ca}}{{おくりがな3|植|う|え|換|か|える|うえかえる}}、[[移植]]する。 #{{context|transitive|medicine|lang=ca}}移植する。 {{ca-conj-ar|transplant}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|ca|transplantació}}, {{l|ca|trasplantament}} ---- =={{L|gl}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{gl-verb|transplant|ar}} #{{context|transitive|botany|lang=gl}}{{おくりがな3|植|う|え|換|か|える|うえかえる}}、[[移植]]する。 #{{context|transitive|medicine|lang=gl}}移植する。 {{gl-conj-ar|transplant}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|gl|transplante}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #{{context|transitive|rare|perhaps|nonstandard|lang=es}}[[trasplantar]]の異形。 {{es-conj-ar|transplant}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|transplante}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #{{context|transitive|botany|lang=pt}}{{おくりがな3|植|う|え|換|か|える|うえかえる}}、[[移植]]する。 #{{context|transitive|medicine|lang=pt}}移植する。 #{{context|transitive|figurative|lang=pt}}[[導入]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} pbm6z29ok0rheazai7cv9x6m52w8xj3 0 411802 2292718 1787524 2026-07-03T20:21:44Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292718 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|roa-opt}}== ==={{alter}}=== * [[aprazer]], [[plazer]], [[aplazer]] ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|roa-opt}} {{m|la|placēre}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{IPA|lang=roa-opt|[pɾaˈd͡zer, pɾaˈz̻er]}} ==={{noun}}=== {{head|roa-opt|noun|g=m}} #{{おくりがな2|喜|よろこ|び|よろこび}}、{{おくりがな2|楽|たの|しみ|たのしみ}}、[[満足]]、[[快楽]]。 ==={{verb}}=== {{head|roa-opt|verb}} #{{おくりがな2|喜|よろこ|ばせる|よろこばせる}}。 {{roa-opt-conj (prazer)}} ===={{desc}}==== * {{desc|gl|pracer}} * {{desc|pt|prazer}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|roa-opt|pt}} {{m|roa-opt|prazer}} < {{etyl|la|pt}} {{m|la|placēre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA|prazêr}} * {{hyphenation|pra|zer}} ==={{noun}}=== {{pt-noun|m|es}} #{{おくりがな2|喜|よろこ|び|よろこび}}、{{おくりがな2|楽|たの|しみ|たのしみ}}、[[満足]]、[[快楽]]。 ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #{{おくりがな2|喜|よろこ|ばせる|よろこばせる}}。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|pt|aprazer}} * {{l|pt|desprazer}} * {{l|pt|desmancha-prazeres}} * {{l|pt|prazeroso}} p9xe38n9nbiov9rxsaq6y2w6xov4w2f 0 411823 2292650 1787555 2026-07-03T20:02:17Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292650 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{prefix|a|prazer|lang=pt}} ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA|aprazêr}} * {{hyphenation|a|pra|zer}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #{{おくりがな2|喜|よろこ|ばせる|よろこばせる}}、{{おくりがな2|楽|たの|しま|たのしむ}}せる。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ecxba8j4486h5ed5eeihblsmjqahdhy 0 414849 2292717 1794922 2026-07-03T20:21:44Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292717 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|premiär}} =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|ca}} {{m|la|praemiare}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} * {{rhymes|a(ɾ)|s=3}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|premi}} #[[賞]]を{{おくりがな2|与|あた|える|あたえる}}、{{おくりがな2|報|むく|いる|むくいる}}。 {{ca-conj-ar|premi}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|ca|premi}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{etym}}1=== {{bor|es|LL.|praemiāre}} ===={{verb}}==== {{es-verb}} #[[賞]]を{{おくりがな2|与|あた|える|あたえる}}、{{おくりがな2|報|むく|いる|むくいる}}。 {{es-conj-ar|premi}} ====={{rel}}===== * {{l|es|premiación}}, {{l|es|premio}} ==={{etym}}2=== {{etyl|la|es}} {{m|la|premere}} ===={{verb}}==== {{es-verb}} #{{context|obsolete|transitive|lang=es}}{{おくりがな2|急|いそ|ぐ|いそぐ}}。 ====={{drv}}===== * {{l|es|premia}} ---- =={{L|nn}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{head|nn|noun form|g=m}} #[[premie]]の非限定複数形。 ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{suffix+|prêmio|ar|lang=pt}} ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #[[賞]]を{{おくりがな2|与|あた|える|あたえる}}、{{おくりがな2|報|むく|いる|むくいる}}。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj|<+[ブラジル],ei[ポルトガル]>}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|premiação}} * {{l|pt|prémio}} nv7v1dn9a65hqe9nt4tc25nwro8aiv2 0 417114 2292658 1799209 2026-07-03T20:02:19Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292658 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|io}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor+|io|en|adore}}, {{bor+|io|fr|adorer}}, {{bor+|io|it|adorare}}, {{bor+|io|es|adorar}}, {{bor|io|eo|adori}} ==={{pron}}=== {{io-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{io-verb|ador}} #{{context|transitive|lang=io}}{{おくりがな2|崇|あが|める|あがめる}}、[[崇拝]]する、[[偶像化]]する。 ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|io|adoro}} * {{l|io|adorinda}} ---- =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|ca|la|adōrāre}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} * {{homophones|lang=ca|adorà}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|ador}} #{{context|transitive|lang=ca}}{{おくりがな2|崇|あが|める|あがめる}}、[[崇拝]]する、[[礼拝]]する。 {{ca-conj-ar|ador}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|ca|adorable}} * {{l|ca|adoració}} * {{l|ca|adorador}} * {{l|ca|adoratori}} ==={{anag}}=== * {{anagrams|ca|rodara}} ---- =={{L|gl}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|roa-opt|gl}} {{m|roa-opt|adorar}} < {{etyl|la|gl}} {{m|la|adōrāre}} ==={{verb}}=== {{gl-verb|ador|ar}} #{{おくりがな2|崇|あが|める|あがめる}}、[[崇拝]]する、[[礼拝]]する。 {{gl-conj-ar|ador}} ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|gl|reverenciar}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|es|la|adōrāre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #{{おくりがな2|崇|あが|める|あがめる}}、[[崇拝]]する、[[礼拝]]する。 {{es-conj-ar|ador}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|adorable}} * {{l|es|adoración}} * {{l|es|adorador}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|roa-opt|pt}} {{m|roa-opt|adorar}} < {{etyl|la|pt}} {{m|la|adōrāre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA}} * {{hyphenation|a|do|rar}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #{{context|transitive|lang=pt}}[[愛する]]。 #{{おくりがな2|崇|あが|める|あがめる}}、[[崇拝]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|adoração}} tbgk3oqwif4phponay9vz9ez1j0obrn 0 417372 2292676 1799816 2026-07-03T20:06:50Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292676 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|pt}}== ==={{pron}}=== * {{hyph|pt|con|ta|tar}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} # {{context|Brazil|lang=pt}}[[contactar]]の異形。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} 9e1b7d62duxry0tuodoy519ear1btqm 0 417375 2292678 2136370 2026-07-03T20:06:50Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292678 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{suffix+|contacte|ar|lang=ca}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|contact}} #{{context|transitive|ambを伴って|lang=ca}}[[接触]]する、[[連絡]]を{{おくりがな2|取|と|る|とる}}。 {{ca-conj-ar|contact}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|ca|contacte}} =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{suffix+|contacto|ar|lang=es}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #{{context|transitive|conを伴って|lang=es}}[[接触]]する、[[連絡]]を{{おくりがな2|取|と|る|とる}}。 {{es-conj-ar|contact}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|contacto}} =={{L|pt}}== ==={{alter}}=== * {{l|pt|contatar}} (ブラジル) ==={{etym}}=== {{suffix+|contacto|ar|lang=pt}} < {{etyl|la|pt}} {{m|la|contāctus}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{hyph|pt|con|tac|tar}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #{{context|Portugal|transitive|comを伴って|lang=pt}}[[接触]]する、[[連絡]]を{{おくりがな2|取|と|る|とる}}。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|contacto}} 1qevvj9bd8ju5naec7b77fi4li1afhy 0 417553 2292623 1959049 2026-07-03T17:36:17Z Jiba1219 100610 2292623 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|えこう}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|え|こう|yomi=kan,goon}} {{wikipedia}} ==={{etym}}=== {{同音後|[[廻向]]}} ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|えこう|acc=1}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[えこう]]}} #[[故人]]の[[冥福]]を[[祈念]]して[[仏事]]や[[供養]]をすること。 #[[自分]]で[[おこなう|行なっ]]た[[修行]]や[[布施]]などの[[善行]]の[[結果]]を、[[みずから|自ら]]の[[さとり|悟り]]や[[他者]]の[[利益]]のために[[さしむける|差し向ける]]こと。 #浄土教で、[[阿弥陀仏]]の[[本願]]の[[ちから|力]]によって[[浄土]]に[[往生]]し、[[再度]][[現世]]に[[もどる|戻っ]]て[[衆生]]のために[[資]]すること。 #[[寺院]]へ[[金品]]を[[布施]]すること。 #「[[回向文]]」の略。 [[カテゴリ:日本語 仏教]] ==={{verb}}=== {{日本語サ変活用}} =={{L|zh}}== {{wikipedia|lang=zh|迴向}} {{zh-cat|hui2xiang4|noun|仏教}} ==={{pron}}=== {{cmn-pron|huíxiàng|z=n}} ==={{noun}}=== {{zhchars|t=迴向}} #[[自分]]で[[おこなう|行なっ]]た[[修行]]や[[布施]]などの[[善行]]の[[結果]]を、[[みずから|自ら]]の[[さとり|悟り]]や[[他者]]の[[利益]]のために[[さしむける|差し向ける]]こと。 addjqq95ctj2ntnn0frr0u0sc8yhemp 0 417554 2292625 1959050 2026-07-03T17:39:17Z Jiba1219 100610 2292625 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|えこう}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|え|こう|yomi=kan,goon}} {{wikipedia}} ==={{etym}}=== {{同音前|[[回向]]}} ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|えこう|acc=1}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[えこう]]}} #[[故人]]の[[冥福]]を[[祈念]]して[[仏事]]や[[供養]]をすること。 #[[自分]]で[[おこなう|行なっ]]た[[修行]]や[[布施]]などの[[善行]]の[[結果]]を、[[みずから|自ら]]の[[さとり|悟り]]や[[他者]]の[[利益]]のために[[さしむける|差し向ける]]こと。 #浄土教で、[[阿弥陀仏]]の[[本願]]の[[ちから|力]]によって[[浄土]]に[[往生]]し、[[再度]][[現世]]に[[もどる|戻っ]]て[[衆生]]のために[[資]]すること。 #[[寺院]]へ[[金品]]を[[布施]]すること。 #「[[回向文]]」の略。 [[カテゴリ:日本語 仏教]] ==={{verb}}=== {{日本語サ変活用}} anu1pyle9ipny1vqklzjibuegyjo5fc 0 418848 2292688 1803868 2026-07-03T20:09:50Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292688 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ast}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{ast-verb}} #[[満足]]させる。 #{{おくりがな2|飽|あ|き|あきる}}させる、[[うんざり]]させる。 ---- =={{L|gl}}== ==={{alter}}=== * {{l|gl|afartar}} ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|roa-opt|gl}} {{m|roa-opt|fartar}} < {{m|gl|farto}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{IPA|lang=gl|faɾˈtaɾ}} ==={{verb}}=== {{gl-verb|fart|ar}} #{{context|intransitive|or|pronominal|lang=gl}}[[満足]]する。 #{{context|intransitive|or|pronominal|lang=gl}}{{おくりがな2|飽|あ|きる|あきる}}、[[うんざり]]する。 {{gl-conj-ar|fart}} ===={{syn}}==== * (語義1) {{l|gl|encher}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|gl|fartura}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|gl|farto}} ---- =={{L|nn}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{nn-noun-form}} #[[fart]]の非限定複数形。 ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #[[満腹]]にさせる。 #[[満足]]させる。 #{{おくりがな2|飽|あ|き|あきる}}させる、[[うんざり]]させる。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} 241mpemteeuddu9mngo2xki9ywjqcqp 0 421495 2292657 1809950 2026-07-03T20:02:19Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292657 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|io}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor+|io|eo|adopti}}, {{bor+|io|en|adopt}}, {{bor+|io|fr|adopter}}, {{bor+|io|de|adoptieren}}, {{bor+|io|it|adottare}}, {{bor+|io|es|adoptar}} < {{etyl|la|io}} {{m|la|adoptāre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{io-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{io-verb|adopt}} #{{context|transitive|legal|lang=io}}[[養子]]にする。 #{{context|transitive|lang=io}}[[採用]]する、[[採択]]する。 ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|io|adopto}} ---- =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|ca}} {{m|la|adoptāre}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} * {{音声|ca|LL-Q7026 (cat)-Unjoanqualsevol-adoptar.wav|音声(カタロニア)}} * {{homophones|lang=ca|adoptà}} * {{rhymes|a(ɾ)|s=3}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|adopt}} #{{context|transitive|legal|lang=ca}}[[養子]]にする。 #{{context|transitive|lang=ca}}[[採用]]する、[[採択]]する。 {{ca-conj-ar|adopt}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|ca|adopció}} ==={{anag}}=== * {{anagrams|ca|a=aadoprt|portada|tapador}} ---- =={{L|gl}}== ==={{pron}}=== * {{IPA|lang=gl|ɐðɔpˈtaɾ}} ==={{verb}}=== {{gl-verb|t|ar|pres=|pret=}} #{{context|transitive|legal|lang=gl}}[[養子]]にする。 #{{context|transitive|lang=gl}}[[採用]]する、[[採択]]する。 {{gl-conj-ar|adopt}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|es|la|adoptāre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #{{context|transitive|legal|lang=es}}[[養子]]にする。 #{{context|transitive|lang=es}}[[採用]]する、[[採択]]する。 {{es-conj-ar|adopt}} ===={{syn}}==== * (語義1) {{l|es|ahijar}}, {{l|es|prohijar}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|adopción}} * {{l|es|adoptable}} * {{l|es|adoptante}} * {{l|es|adoptivo}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #[[adotar]]の旧綴り。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|pt|adoptável}} dz2dgxpo9ja6de33wa3yg1y6hxtov3m 0 422222 2292655 1811104 2026-07-03T20:02:18Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292655 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|pt}}== ==={{alter}}=== * {{l|pt|adoptar}} (1990年以前の綴り) ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|roa-opt|pt}} {{m|roa-opt|adoutar}} < {{etyl|la|pt}} {{m|la|adoptāre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA|adòtar}} * {{hyphenation|a|do|tar}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #[[養子]]にする。 #（動物などの）{{ふりがな|里親|さとおや}}になる。 #[[採用]]する、[[採択]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|pt|readotar}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|adoção}} * {{l|pt|adotado}} mwm6nx0onfl669r4na4zhubrxiggntb 0 423024 2292689 1811997 2026-07-03T20:09:50Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292689 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|ca}} {{m|la|fascināre}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} * {{rhymes|a(ɾ)|s=3}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|fascin}} #[[魅惑]]する、[[魅了]]する。 {{ca-conj-ar|fascin}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|ca|fascinació}} * {{l|ca|fascinador}} * {{l|ca|fascinant}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|es|la|fascināre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #[[魅惑]]する、[[魅了]]する。 {{es-conj-ar|fascin}} ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|es|embobar}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|fascinación}} * {{l|es|fascinante}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|pt|la|fascināre}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #[[魅惑]]する、[[魅了]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|pt|encantar}} cezik07jzn0e55kskjx8cwydicb8ebu 0 424080 2292656 2079300 2026-07-03T20:02:18Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292656 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|io}}== ==={{pron}}=== * {{IPA|lang=io|a.ɡiˈtar}} ==={{verb}}=== {{io-verb|agit}} #{{context|transitive|lang=io}}{{おくりがな2|振|ふ|る|ふる}}、{{おくりがな2|揺|ゆ|する|ゆする}}。 #{{context|transitive|figurative|lang=io}}[[興奮]]させる。 ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|io|agitesar}} * {{l|io|agito}} ---- =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|ca}} {{m|la|agitāre}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|agit}} #{{context|transitive|lang=ca}}{{おくりがな2|振|ふ|る|ふる}}、{{おくりがな2|揺|ゆ|する|ゆする}}。 #{{context|transitive|lang=ca}}{{おくりがな2|煽|あお|る|あおる}}、[[扇動]]する。 {{ca-conj-ar|agit}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|ca|agitació}} * {{l|ca|agitar-se}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|es|la|agitāre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #{{おくりがな2|振|ふ|る|ふる}}、{{おくりがな2|揺|ゆ|する|ゆする}}。 #{{おくりがな3|搔|か|き|回|まわ|す|かきまわす}}。 #{{おくりがな2|煽|あお|る|あおる}}、[[扇動]]する。 #[[動揺]]させる。 #{{context|reflexive|lang=es}}{{おくりがな2|揺|ゆ|れる|ゆれる}}。 #{{context|reflexive|lang=es}}動揺させる。 {{es-conj-ar|agit}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|es|agitado}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|agitación}}, {{l|es|agitador}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|pt|la|agitāre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA}} * {{hyphenation|a|gi|tar}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #{{おくりがな2|振|ふ|る|ふる}}、{{おくりがな2|揺|ゆ|する|ゆする}}。 #{{おくりがな2|煽|あお|る|あおる}}、[[扇動]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|agitação}} 8urt880cpvu88i3za9v5x8a0t35ua1l 0 424517 2292710 1815150 2026-07-03T20:21:41Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292710 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ca}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|protest}} #[[抗議]]する。 #[[宣言]]する。 {{ca-conj-ar|protest}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|ca|protest}} * {{l|ca|protesta}} * {{l|ca|protestació}} * {{l|ca|protestament}} * {{l|ca|protestatari}} * {{l|ca|protestatiu}} ---- =={{L|gl}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{gl-verb|protest|ar}} #[[抗議]]する。 {{gl-conj-ar|protest}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|gl|protesta}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #[[抗議]]する。 {{es-conj-ar|protest}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|protesta}} ---- =={{L|nn}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{head|nn|noun form|g=m}} #[[protest]]の非限定複数形。 ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor+|pt|la|prōtestārī}} < {{m|la|prō}} + {{m|la|testārī}} < {{m|la|testis}} ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA}} * {{hyphenation|pro|tes|tar}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #[[抗議]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|pt|discordar}}, {{l|pt|reclamar}} ===={{ant}}==== * {{l|pt|aceitar}}, {{l|pt|ignorar}} ===={{rel}}==== {{top}} * {{l|pt|protestação}} * {{l|pt|protestado}} * {{l|pt|protestador}} * {{l|pt|protestante}} * {{l|pt|protestantismo}} * {{l|pt|protestantizar}} * {{l|pt|protestatário}} * {{l|pt|protestativo}} * {{l|pt|protestatório}} * {{l|pt|protesto}} {{bottom}} 0zsnnpcfvyepkysrkssbis62k46fedy 0 424907 2292690 1815963 2026-07-03T20:14:32Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292690 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|gl}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|roa-opt|gl}} {{m|roa-opt|dormir}}, {{m|roa-opt|durmir}} < {{etyl|la|gl}} {{m|la|dormīre}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{IPA|lang=gl|[duɾˈmiɾ]}} ==={{verb}}=== {{gl-verb|durm|ir}} #{{おくりがな2|眠|ねむ|る|ねむる}}、{{おくりがな2|寝|ね|る|ねる}}。 {{gl-conj-ir (u-o)|durm|dorm}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|gl|adormecer}} * {{l|gl|adormentar}} * {{l|gl|adormiñar}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #[[dormir]]の廃用。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ---- =={{L|lad}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|osp|lad}} < {{etyl|la|lad}} {{m|la|dormīre}} ==={{verb}}=== {{lad-verb}} #{{おくりがな2|眠|ねむ|る|ねむる}}、{{おくりがな2|寝|ね|る|ねる}}。 ---- =={{L|rm}}== ==={{alter}}=== * {{l|rm|durmeir}} (スルミラン) ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|rm}} {{m|la|dormīre}} ==={{verb}}=== {{rm-verb}} #{{context|Rumantsch Grischun|Sursilvan|Sutsilvan|Puter|Vallader|lang=rm}}{{おくりがな2|眠|ねむ|る|ねむる}}、{{おくりがな2|寝|ね|る|ねる}}。 lcx88fivjnz17zzdrtzweixrj9ucff0 0 424970 2292782 1816034 2026-07-03T21:10:56Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292782 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor+|es|ML.|subōrdināre}} < {{etyl|la|es}} {{m|la|sub-}} + {{m|la|ōrdināre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #[[下位]]に{{おくりがな2|置|お|く|おく}}、[[服従]]させる、[[従属]]させる。 {{es-conj-ar|subordin}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|ordenar}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #{{context|transitive|lang=pt}}[[下位]]に{{おくりがな2|置|お|く|おく}}、[[服従]]させる、[[従属]]させる。 #{{context|transitive|grammar|lang=pt}}[[従属節]]にする。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} efpz7770gd9e9kfbhi70hwthpbswyl8 0 425562 2292741 1817918 2026-07-03T20:54:07Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292741 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|pt}}== ==={{alter}}=== * {{l|pt|electrolisar}} (1990年以前) ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA|elètròlisar}} * {{hyphenation|e|le|tro|li|sar}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #{{context|physics|chemistry|lang=pt}}[[電気分解]]する、[[電解]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} 7sb1y2wx71772pyftvwwmzbrws1ebxv 0 428302 2292654 1979003 2026-07-03T20:02:17Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292654 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ast}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{ast-verb}} #{{おくりがな2|離|はな|す|はなす}}、[[分離]]する、{{おくりがな2|遠|とお|ざける|とおざける}}。 ---- =={{L|ca}}== ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|apart}} #{{context|transitive|reflexive|lang=ca}}{{おくりがな2|離|はな|す|はなす}}、[[分離]]する。 {{ca-conj-ar|apart}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|ca|apartament}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|ca|apart}} ---- =={{L|gl}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|roa-opt|gl}} {{m|roa-opt|apartar}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{IPA|lang=gl|[apaɾˈtaɾ]}} ==={{verb}}=== {{gl-verb|apart|ar}} #{{おくりがな2|離|はな|す|はなす}}、[[分離]]する。 #{{おくりがな2|取|と|っ|とる}}ておく。 #（視線などを）{{おくりがな2|逸|そ|らす|そらす}}。 #{{context|pronominal|lang=gl}}{{おくりがな2|逃|に|げる|にげる}}、{{おくりがな2|逃|のが|れる|のがれる}}。 {{gl-conj-ar|apart}} ===={{syn}}==== * (語義1) {{l|gl|arredar}} * (語義4) {{l|gl|afastar|arredar}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{suffix+|aparte|ar|lang=es}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #{{context|transitive|lang=es}}{{おくりがな2|離|はな|す|はなす}}、[[分離]]する。 #{{context|transitive|lang=es}}{{おくりがな2|取|と|っ|とる}}ておく。 #{{context|transitive|視線などを|lang=es}}{{おくりがな2|逸|そ|らす|そらす}}。 #{{context|legal|lang=es}}[[訴訟]]を{{おくりがな3|取|と|り|下|さ|げる|とりさげる}}。 {{es-conj-ar|apart}} ===={{syn}}==== * (語義1) {{l|es|separar}}, {{l|es|dividir}}, {{l|es|desunir}} ===={{drv}}==== {{top}} * {{l|es|apartadero}} * {{l|es|apartadizo}} * {{l|es|apartado}} * {{l|es|apartamento}} * {{l|es|apartamiento}} * {{l|es|apartar el grano de la paja}} * {{l|es|le dijo la sartén al cazo ¡aparta que me tiznas!}} {{bottom}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|roa-opt|pt}} {{m|roa-opt|apartar}} < {{m|roa-opt|a-}} + {{m|roa-opt|parte}} + {{m|roa-opt|-ar}} ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #{{おくりがな2|離|はな|す|はなす}}、[[分離]]する。 #（喧嘩を）{{おくりがな2|止|や|め|やめる}}させる。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{syn}}==== * (語義1) {{l|pt|afastar}}, {{l|pt|separar}} * (語義2) {{l|pt|parar}} ===={{ant}}==== * (語義1) {{l|pt|juntar}} ===={{rel}}==== {{top}} * {{l|pt|apartação}} * {{l|pt|apartadamente}} * {{l|pt|apartadiço}} * {{l|pt|apartado}} * {{l|pt|apartador}} * {{l|pt|apartadora}} * {{l|pt|apartagem}} * {{l|pt|aparte}} {{bottom}} ---- =={{L|lad}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{lad-verb}} #{{おくりがな2|取|と|っ|とる}}ておく。 a4v3nf21sgyb2zfcne0y05hw5k8yvu9 0 428318 2292644 2143389 2026-07-03T18:35:47Z Jiba1219 100610 2292644 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|あいがんどうぶつ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|あいがん どうぶつ|acc=5|acc_ref=DJR}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|あいがんどうぶつ|head=[[愛玩]] [[動物]]}} #[[みぢか|身近]]に置き[[こえ|声]]や[[しぐさ]]、[[すがた]]などを愛でたりするために[[飼育]]する[[小動物]]。[[ペット]]。 ===脚注=== {{Reflist}} =={{L|ko}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ko-head|noun|애완동물|head=[[愛玩]] [[動物]]}} #（日本語に同じ）愛玩動物。 cm79mw2hopgbz0yhsvmq36igm887vw0 0 428764 2292680 1824082 2026-07-03T20:09:47Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292680 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|es}}== ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #[[基礎]]を{{おくりがな2|築|きず|く|きずく}}。 {{es-conj-ar|fundament}} ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|es|basar}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA}} * {{hyphenation|fun|da|men|tar}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #[[基礎]]を{{おくりがな2|築|きず|く|きずく}}。 #[[立証]]する、[[実証]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|fundamento}} * {{l|pt|fundamental}} 38tlrpu59x9yr5ozel8mdvwa2kajz1k 0 428982 2292685 1824409 2026-07-03T20:09:48Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292685 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|filmař}} =={{L|ast}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{ast-verb}} #[[映画]]に{{おくりがな2|撮|と|る|とる}}、[[撮影]]する。 {{ast-conj-ar|film}} ---- =={{L|oc}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{suffix+|film|ar|lang=oc}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{IPA|lang=oc|filˈma}} * {{音声|oc|LL-Q14185 (oci)-Davidgrosclaude-filmar.wav|音声(ベアルン)}} ==={{verb}}=== {{oc-verb|film|ar}} #{{context|transitive|lang=oc}}[[映画]]に{{おくりがな2|撮|と|る|とる}}、[[撮影]]する。 {{oc-conj-ar|film}} ---- =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{suffix+|film|ar|lang=ca}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|film}} #[[映画]]に{{おくりがな2|撮|と|る|とる}}、[[撮影]]する。 {{ca-conj-ar|film}} ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|ca|rodar}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|ca|filmació}} ---- =={{L|sv}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{head|sv|verb form}} #[[filma]]の現在形。 ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #{{context|transitive|lang=es}}[[映画]]に{{おくりがな2|撮|と|る|とる}}、[[撮影]]する。 {{es-conj-ar|film}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|filmación}} ==={{anag}}=== * {{anagrams|es|a=afilmr|marfil}} ---- =={{L|nn}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{head|nn|noun form|g=m}} #[[film]]の非限定複数形。 ---- =={{L|fo}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{head|fo|noun form}} #[[filmur]]の非限定複数主格。 #filmurの非限定複数対格。 ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{suffix+|filme|ar|lang=pt}} ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #[[映画]]に{{おくりがな2|撮|と|る|とる}}、[[撮影]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|pt|gravar}}, {{l|pt|registrar}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|filmado}} * {{l|pt|filmadora}} * {{l|pt|filmagem}} * {{l|pt|filme}} * {{l|pt|filmoteca}} 8wwwy3p06t0xcnfrz91a7cusxbxliq1 14 429691 2292817 1825752 2026-07-03T22:39:01Z Kuroco2k 84207 Kuroco2k がページ「[[カテゴリ:Arabic form-I verbs with و as second radical]]」を「[[カテゴリ:アラビア語 動詞 第I型 第二語根がو]]」に移動しました: 和訳 1825752 wikitext text/x-wiki __HIDDENCAT__ 2twjmejn56ditxo46hqinfh52nh6flb 2292820 2292817 2026-07-03T22:42:49Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292820 wikitext text/x-wiki <div class="pathnavbox"> * {{Pathnav|カテゴリ|言語|{{ar}}|{{ar}}_{{verb}}|{{ar}} {{verb}} 第I型|disp4={{verb}}|disp5=第I型|last=第二語根がو}} * {{Pathnav|カテゴリ|品詞|{{verb}}|{{ar}}_{{verb}}|{{ar}} {{verb}} 第I型|disp4={{ar}}|disp5=第I型|last=第二語根がو}} </div> [[カテゴリ:{{ar}}_{{verb}}_第I型|و2]] 776j3ar7kb4l82d3ynjiv1xtynx4d7f 14 429692 2292830 1825753 2026-07-03T22:54:07Z Kuroco2k 84207 Kuroco2k がページ「[[カテゴリ:Arabic form-I verbs with ي as third radical]]」を「[[カテゴリ:アラビア語 動詞 第I型 第三語根がي]]」に移動しました: 和訳 1825753 wikitext text/x-wiki __HIDDENCAT__ 2twjmejn56ditxo46hqinfh52nh6flb 2292845 2292830 2026-07-03T22:59:00Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292845 wikitext text/x-wiki <div class="pathnavbox"> * {{Pathnav|カテゴリ|言語|{{ar}}|{{ar}}_{{verb}}|{{ar}} {{verb}} 第I型|disp4={{verb}}|disp5=第I型|last=第三語根がي}} * {{Pathnav|カテゴリ|品詞|{{verb}}|{{ar}}_{{verb}}|{{ar}} {{verb}} 第I型|disp4={{ar}}|disp5=第I型|last=第三語根がي}} </div> [[カテゴリ:{{ar}}_{{verb}}_第I型|ي3]] hmv5bfhkn9wzxazxn1bio5sn076r3sl 14 429710 2292833 1825774 2026-07-03T22:55:19Z Kuroco2k 84207 Kuroco2k がページ「[[カテゴリ:Arabic form-II verbs with و as first radical]]」を「[[カテゴリ:アラビア語 動詞 第II型 第一語根がو]]」に移動しました: 和訳 1825774 wikitext text/x-wiki __HIDDENCAT__ 2twjmejn56ditxo46hqinfh52nh6flb 2292848 2292833 2026-07-03T23:00:48Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292848 wikitext text/x-wiki <div class="pathnavbox"> * {{Pathnav|カテゴリ|言語|{{ar}}|{{ar}}_{{verb}}|{{ar}} {{verb}} 第II型|disp4={{verb}}|disp5=第II型|last=第一語根がو}} * {{Pathnav|カテゴリ|品詞|{{verb}}|{{ar}}_{{verb}}|{{ar}} {{verb}} 第II型|disp4={{ar}}|disp5=第II型|last=第一語根がو}} </div> [[カテゴリ:{{ar}}_{{verb}}_第II型|و1]] b76cj0d99pr51ghd016q9vico37bq3k 14 429711 2292835 1825775 2026-07-03T22:55:51Z Kuroco2k 84207 Kuroco2k がページ「[[カテゴリ:Arabic form-II verbs with و as third radical]]」を「[[カテゴリ:アラビア語 動詞 第II型 第三語根がو]]」に移動しました: 和訳 1825775 wikitext text/x-wiki __HIDDENCAT__ 2twjmejn56ditxo46hqinfh52nh6flb 2292847 2292835 2026-07-03T23:00:48Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292847 wikitext text/x-wiki <div class="pathnavbox"> * {{Pathnav|カテゴリ|言語|{{ar}}|{{ar}}_{{verb}}|{{ar}} {{verb}} 第II型|disp4={{verb}}|disp5=第II型|last=第三語根がو}} * {{Pathnav|カテゴリ|品詞|{{verb}}|{{ar}}_{{verb}}|{{ar}} {{verb}} 第II型|disp4={{ar}}|disp5=第II型|last=第三語根がو}} </div> [[カテゴリ:{{ar}}_{{verb}}_第II型|و3]] 1wcmmxrbu9mudz6cxxkdmhpbod6w8te 14 429712 2292808 1825776 2026-07-03T22:34:55Z Kuroco2k 84207 Kuroco2k がページ「[[カテゴリ:Arabic form-IV verbs with ء as second radical]]」を「[[カテゴリ:アラビア語 動詞 第IV型 第二語根がء]]」に移動しました: 和訳 1825776 wikitext text/x-wiki __HIDDENCAT__ 2twjmejn56ditxo46hqinfh52nh6flb 2292823 2292808 2026-07-03T22:42:50Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292823 wikitext text/x-wiki <div class="pathnavbox"> * {{Pathnav|カテゴリ|言語|{{ar}}|{{ar}}_{{verb}}|{{ar}} {{verb}} 第IV型|disp4={{verb}}|disp5=第IV型|last=第二語根がء}} * {{Pathnav|カテゴリ|品詞|{{verb}}|{{ar}}_{{verb}}|{{ar}} {{verb}} 第IV型|disp4={{ar}}|disp5=第IV型|last=第二語根がء}} </div> [[カテゴリ:{{ar}}_{{verb}}_第IV型|ء2]] kqthufk2tqw7r3te62wb4zjtsdvy5mx 14 429713 2292837 1825777 2026-07-03T22:56:24Z Kuroco2k 84207 Kuroco2k がページ「[[カテゴリ:Arabic form-IV verbs with ي as third radical]]」を「[[カテゴリ:アラビア語 動詞 第IV型 第三語根がي]]」に移動しました: 和訳 1825777 wikitext text/x-wiki __HIDDENCAT__ 2twjmejn56ditxo46hqinfh52nh6flb 2292846 2292837 2026-07-03T23:00:48Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292846 wikitext text/x-wiki <div class="pathnavbox"> * {{Pathnav|カテゴリ|言語|{{ar}}|{{ar}}_{{verb}}|{{ar}} {{verb}} 第IV型|disp4={{verb}}|disp5=第IV型|last=第三語根がو}} * {{Pathnav|カテゴリ|品詞|{{verb}}|{{ar}}_{{verb}}|{{ar}} {{verb}} 第IV型|disp4={{ar}}|disp5=第IV型|last=第三語根がو}} </div> [[カテゴリ:{{ar}}_{{verb}}_第IV型|ي3]] h09px93v2p4ns7y2dbkg9b5jls3k1zm 0 430979 2292714 1983006 2026-07-03T20:21:43Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292714 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ia}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|ia|la|praetendere}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ia-verb|er}} #〜しようとする、[[意図]]する。 #{{おくりがな2|狙|ねら|う|ねらう}}。 ===={{conjugation}}==== {{ia-conj|pretend|er}} ---- =={{L|en}}== ==={{etym}}1=== {{-er|pretend}} ===={{pron}}==== * {{IPA|lang=en|pɹɪˈtɛndəɹ}} * {{音声|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-pretender.wav|音声(英南部)}} * {{rhymes|ɛndə(ɹ)|s=3}} ===={{noun}}==== {{en-noun}} # [[擬態者]]。{{おくりがな2|装|よそお|う|よそおう}}人、～の{{おくりがな2|振|ふ|り|ふり}}をする人。 #* Metalhawk is known as a robot '''pretender''' as humans. #*: メタルホークは、人の'''振りをした'''ロボットとして知られている。 # [[詐称者]]。 ====={{drv}}===== * {{l|en|Old Pretender}} * {{l|en|Pretenderism}} * {{l|en|pretendership}} * {{l|en|Young Pretender}} ==={{etym}}2=== ===={{verb}}==== {{en-verb}} #{{context|uncommon|lang=en}}{{おくりがな2|前|まえ|もって|まえもって}}{{おくりがな3|支|し||払|はら|う|しはらう}}。 ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|es|la|praetendere}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{es-IPA|pretender}} * {{音声|es|LL-Q1321 (spa)-Marreromarco-pretender.wav}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #〜しようとする、[[意図]]する。 #{{おくりがな2|狙|ねら|う|ねらう}}。 #[[求愛]]する。 #{{context|Latin America|possibly||nonstandard|lang=es}}[[主張]]する。 {{es-conj-er|pretend}} ===={{syn}}==== * (語義3) {{l|es|cortejar}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|pretendiente}} * {{l|es|pretencioso}} * {{l|es|pretenso}} * {{l|es|pretensión}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|pt|la|praetendere}} ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA|pretendêr}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #～する[[つもり]]だ。 #{{おくりがな2|望|のぞ|む|のぞむ}}、[[要求]]する、[[希求]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|pretenso}} * {{l|pt|pretensão}} s9twyt068nl7cehdcy5lv7w8jgdt0eg 0 431643 2292672 1829336 2026-07-03T20:05:18Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292672 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ast}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|roa-ole|ast}} < {{etyl|VL.|ast}}又は{{etyl|LL.|ast}} {{m|la|cambiāre}} < {{m|la|cambīre}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ast-verb-ar|cambi}} #{{おくりがな2|変|か|える|かえる}}。 #[[交換]]する、[[両替]]する。 {{ast-conj-ar|cambi}} ===={{syn}}==== * (語義1) {{l|ast|camudar}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|ast|cambéu}} ---- =={{L|it}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{head|it|verb}} #[[cambiare]]の語尾音消失。 ==={{anag}}=== * {{anagrams|it|a=aabcimr|bacarmi|imbarca|imbraca|macabri}} ---- =={{L|ia}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{ia-verb|ar}} #{{おくりがな2|変|か|える|かえる}}。 {{ia-conj|cambi|ar}} ---- =={{L|oc}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|pro|oc}} {{m|pro|cambiar}} < {{etyl|VL.|oc}}又は{{etyl|LL.|oc}} {{m|la|cambiāre}} < {{m|la|cambīre}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{IPA|lang=oc|[kamˈbja]}} * {{音声|oc|LL-Q14185 (oci)-Davidgrosclaude-cambiar.wav|音声}} ==={{verb}}=== {{oc-verb|cambi|ar}} #{{おくりがな2|変|か|える|かえる}}。 ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|oc|escambiar}} ---- =={{L|gl}}== ==={{alter}}=== * {{l|gl|cambear}} ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|roa-opt|gl}} {{m|roa-opt|cambiar}} < {{etyl|VL.|gl}}又は{{etyl|LL.|gl}} {{m|la|cambiāre}} < {{m|la|cambīre}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{IPA|lang=gl|[kɑmˈbjaɾ]|[kɑmˈbɪ.aɾ]}} ==={{verb}}=== {{gl-verb|cambi|ar}} #{{おくりがな2|変|か|える|かえる}}。 #[[交換]]する、[[両替]]する。 {{gl-conj-ar|cambi}} ===={{syn}}==== * (語義1) {{l|gl|mudar}} * (語義2) {{l|gl|trocar}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|gl|cambiador}} ===={{rel}}==== {{top}} * {{l|gl|cambio}} * {{l|gl|cambada}} * {{l|gl|cambadela}} * {{l|gl|camballeta}} * {{l|gl|cambeiro}} * {{l|gl|cambota}} * {{l|gl|canga}} * {{l|gl|cangallo}} {{bottom}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|osp|es}} < {{etyl|VL.|es}}又は{{etyl|LL.|es}} {{m|la|cambiāre}} < {{m|la|cambīre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #{{context|transitive|intransitive|lang=es}}{{おくりがな2|変|か|える|かえる}}、{{おくりがな2|変|か|わる|かわる}}。 #{{context|transitive|intransitive|通常deを伴って|lang=es}}{{おくりがな3|取|と|り|替|か|える|とりかえる}}、[[交換]]する、{{おくりがな3|入|い|れ|替|か|える|いれかえる}}。 #{{context|transitive|formal|lang=es}}[[両替]]する、{{おくりがな3|下|した||取|ど|り|したどり}}に出す。 #{{context|reflexive|lang=es}}変える、取り替える。 {{es-conj-ar|cambi}} ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|es|alterar}}, {{l|es|modificar}}, {{l|es|transformar}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|es|cambiar de aires}} * {{l|es|cambiar de chip}} * {{l|es|cambiar de idea}} * {{l|es|cambiar de manos}} * {{l|es|cambiar de opinión}} * {{l|es|cambiar de tercio}} * {{l|es|cambiar el agua a las aceitunas}} * {{l|es|cambiar el agua al canario}} * {{l|es|mandarse cambiar}}; {{l|es|mandarse a cambiar}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|cambio}} * {{l|es|cambiante}} * {{l|es|cambiecito}} * {{l|es|cambiazo}} ===={{desc}}==== * {{desc|bor=1|mch|kamjiyaka}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|roa-opt|pt}} {{m|roa-opt|cambiar}} < {{etyl|VL.|pt}}又は{{etyl|LL.|pt}} {{m|la|cambiāre}} < {{m|la|cambīre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #[[交換]]する、[[両替]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|pt|negociar}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|câmbio}} * {{l|pt|escambiar}} i8r7sljv6erw05ze1s4umjcndef9ld5 0 431931 2292720 1829956 2026-07-03T20:21:45Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292720 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|pt}} {{m|la|perforāre}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #{{context|transitive|lang=pt}}{{ふりがな|穴|あな}}を{{おくりがな2|開|あ|ける|あける}}、[[穿孔]]する。 #{{context|transitive|lang=pt}}[[パンチ]]を{{おくりがな2|入|い|れる|いれる}}。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|perfuração}} 5p6kg3i6ho07zv7bf94aye4jmnrdmd5 14 432679 2292826 1831547 2026-07-03T22:45:03Z Kuroco2k 84207 Kuroco2k がページ「[[カテゴリ:Arabic form-I verbs with ي as second radical]]」を「[[カテゴリ:アラビア語 動詞 第I型 第二語根がي]]」に移動しました: 和訳 1831547 wikitext text/x-wiki __HIDDENCAT__ 2twjmejn56ditxo46hqinfh52nh6flb 2292843 2292826 2026-07-03T22:58:33Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292843 wikitext text/x-wiki <div class="pathnavbox"> * {{Pathnav|カテゴリ|言語|{{ar}}|{{ar}}_{{verb}}|{{ar}} {{verb}} 第I型|disp4={{verb}}|disp5=第I型|last=第二語根がي}} * {{Pathnav|カテゴリ|品詞|{{verb}}|{{ar}}_{{verb}}|{{ar}} {{verb}} 第I型|disp4={{ar}}|disp5=第I型|last=第二語根がي}} </div> [[カテゴリ:{{ar}}_{{verb}}_第I型|ي2]] onz41rbdjl3y2pk08ldnos5hs9pnf9o 14 432683 2292824 1831551 2026-07-03T22:44:17Z Kuroco2k 84207 Kuroco2k がページ「[[カテゴリ:Arabic form-I verbs with و as third radical]]」を「[[カテゴリ:アラビア語 動詞 第I型 第三語根がو]]」に移動しました: 和訳 1831551 wikitext text/x-wiki __HIDDENCAT__ 2twjmejn56ditxo46hqinfh52nh6flb 2292844 2292824 2026-07-03T22:58:33Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292844 wikitext text/x-wiki <div class="pathnavbox"> * {{Pathnav|カテゴリ|言語|{{ar}}|{{ar}}_{{verb}}|{{ar}} {{verb}} 第I型|disp4={{verb}}|disp5=第I型|last=第三語根がو}} * {{Pathnav|カテゴリ|品詞|{{verb}}|{{ar}}_{{verb}}|{{ar}} {{verb}} 第I型|disp4={{ar}}|disp5=第I型|last=第三語根がو}} </div> [[カテゴリ:{{ar}}_{{verb}}_第I型|و3]] 50imxn5qjpg5npbmm2umwue3ar48phw 14 432687 2292813 1831555 2026-07-03T22:36:50Z Kuroco2k 84207 Kuroco2k がページ「[[カテゴリ:Arabic form-I verbs with ء as third radical]]」を「[[カテゴリ:アラビア語 動詞 第I型 第三語根がء]]」に移動しました: 和訳 1831555 wikitext text/x-wiki __HIDDENCAT__ 2twjmejn56ditxo46hqinfh52nh6flb 2292821 2292813 2026-07-03T22:42:49Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292821 wikitext text/x-wiki <div class="pathnavbox"> * {{Pathnav|カテゴリ|言語|{{ar}}|{{ar}}_{{verb}}|{{ar}} {{verb}} 第I型|disp4={{verb}}|disp5=第I型|last=第三語根がء}} * {{Pathnav|カテゴリ|品詞|{{verb}}|{{ar}}_{{verb}}|{{ar}} {{verb}} 第I型|disp4={{ar}}|disp5=第I型|last=第三語根がء}} </div> [[カテゴリ:{{ar}}_{{verb}}_第I型|ء3]] 2i1y90nwtl9lxwzs8pjcgc27k8zhln9 14 432760 2292811 1831683 2026-07-03T22:36:19Z Kuroco2k 84207 Kuroco2k がページ「[[カテゴリ:Arabic form-I verbs with ء as second radical]]」を「[[カテゴリ:アラビア語 動詞 第I型 第二語根がء]]」に移動しました: 和訳 1831683 wikitext text/x-wiki __HIDDENCAT__ 2twjmejn56ditxo46hqinfh52nh6flb 2292822 2292811 2026-07-03T22:42:50Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292822 wikitext text/x-wiki <div class="pathnavbox"> * {{Pathnav|カテゴリ|言語|{{ar}}|{{ar}}_{{verb}}|{{ar}} {{verb}} 第I型|disp4={{verb}}|disp5=第I型|last=第二語根がء}} * {{Pathnav|カテゴリ|品詞|{{verb}}|{{ar}}_{{verb}}|{{ar}} {{verb}} 第I型|disp4={{ar}}|disp5=第I型|last=第二語根がء}} </div> [[カテゴリ:{{ar}}_{{verb}}_第I型|ء2]] n0o0nss01eqxus1y4clh31g7deyfidr 0 432969 2292773 1832199 2026-07-03T21:06:56Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292773 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{m|ca|refugi}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|refugi}} #{{context|transitive|lang=ca}}{{おくりがな2|匿|かくま|う|かくまう}}、{{おくりがな2|庇|かば|う|かばう}}、[[保護]]する。 #{{context|transitive|lang=ca}}{{おくりがな2|泊|と|める|とめる}}。 #{{context|reflexive|lang=ca}}[[避難]]する、[[亡命]]する。 {{ca-conj-ar|refugi}} ===={{syn}}==== * (語義2) {{l|ca|acollir}} * (語義3) {{l|ca|recollir-se}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|ca|refugiat}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|es}} {{m|la|refugium}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #{{context|transitive|lang=es}}{{おくりがな2|匿|かくま|う|かくまう}}、{{おくりがな2|庇|かば|う|かばう}}、[[保護]]する。 #{{context|reflexive|lang=es}}[[避難]]する、[[亡命]]する。 {{es-conj-ar|refugi}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|refugio}} * {{l|es|refugiado}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{suffix+|refúgio|ar|lang=pt}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #{{context|transitive|lang=pt}}{{おくりがな2|匿|かくま|う|かくまう}}、{{おくりがな2|庇|かば|う|かばう}}、[[保護]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|pt|proteger}} a5dirdmqw2gkkqp6uwgctzggf20aidx 0 434363 2292726 1835719 2026-07-03T20:52:34Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292726 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|es}}== ==={{alter}}=== * {{l|es|exsudar}} (まれ、廃用) ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|es}} {{m|la|exsūdāre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #{{context|transitive|lang=es}}{{おくりがな3|滲|にじ|み|出|だ|さ|にじみだす}}せる、[[滲出]]させる。 {{es-conj-ar|exud}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|es|exudado}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|exudación}} * {{l|es|exudativo}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #[[exsudar]]の異形。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} j1wfrjdq2khjquplpfh4x73vlrfrgm2 0 434468 2292783 1835923 2026-07-03T21:10:56Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292783 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{affix|pt|segredo|-ar}} ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #{{context|transitive|intransitive|lang=pt}}{{おくりがな2|囁|ささや|く|ささやく}}、[[こっそり]]{{おくりがな2|話|はな|す|はなす}}。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} 6tt4sjepqycunf6vkucj1eile9can5z 0 436398 2292757 1839532 2026-07-03T20:59:24Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292757 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|es}} {{m|la|imbuere}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #（思想などを）{{おくりがな3|吹|ふ|き|込|こ|む|ふきこむ}}、{{おくりがな3|染|し|み|込|こ|ま|しみこむ}}せる。 {{es-conj-ir|imbu}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|pt|la|imbuere}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #{{おくりがな2|浸|ひた|す|ひたす}}、{{おくりがな3|染|し|み|込|こ|ま|しみこむ}}せる。 #（思想などを）{{おくりがな3|吹|ふ|き|込|こ|む|ふきこむ}}、染み込ませる。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|pt|impregnar}} i9feke8upfwf3j1gq6jhr2ajih9gfby 0 436475 2292648 1839676 2026-07-03T20:02:16Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292648 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{suffix+|asfalto|ar|lang=es}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #{{context|transitive|lang=es}}[[アスファルト]]で[[舗装]]する。 {{es-conj-ar|asfalt}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{suffix+|asfalto|ar|lang=pt}} ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA}} * {{hyph|pt|as|fal|tar}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #[[アスファルト]]で[[舗装]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|pt|alcatroar}} 6cxn207yy116rt4rgvv66zvfu2q867r 0 439070 2292674 1844640 2026-07-03T20:06:50Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292674 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ca}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|corrobor}} #[[確証]]する、[[補強]]する、{{おくりがな3|裏|うら||付|づ|ける|うらづける}}。 {{ca-conj-ar|corrobor}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|es}} {{m|la|corrōborāre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #[[確証]]する、[[補強]]する、{{おくりがな3|裏|うら||付|づ|ける|うらづける}}。 {{es-conj-ar|corrobor}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|corroboración}} * {{l|es|robusto}} * {{l|es|roble}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #{{context|transitive|lang=pt}}[[確証]]する、[[補強]]する、{{おくりがな3|裏|うら||付|づ|ける|うらづける}}。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} q55n017lu3ob8sfe10g7wllfiggtuhe 828 439980 2292795 2269828 2026-07-03T21:22:16Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292795 Scribunto text/plain local export = {} --[=[ Authorship: Zhnka ]=] --[=[ TERMINOLOGY: -- "slot" = A particular combination of case/number. Example slot names for nouns are "gen_s" (genitive singular) and "voc_p" (vocative plural). Each slot is filled with zero or more forms. -- "form" = The declined Czech form representing the value of a given slot. -- "lemma" = The dictionary form of a given Czech term. Generally the nominative masculine singular, but may occasionally be another form if the nominative masculine singular is missing. ]=] local lang = require("モジュール:languages").getByCode("zlw-ocs") local m_table = require("モジュール:table") local m_links = require("モジュール:links") local m_string_utilities = require("モジュール:string utilities") local iut = require("モジュール:inflection utilities") local put = require("モジュール:parse_utilities") local m_para = require("モジュール:parameters") local com = require("モジュール:zlw-ocs-common") local current_title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle() local NAMESPACE = current_title.nsText local PAGENAME = current_title.text local u = mw.ustring.char local rsplit = mw.text.split local rfind = mw.ustring.find local rmatch = mw.ustring.match local rgmatch = mw.ustring.gmatch local rsubn = mw.ustring.gsub local ulen = mw.ustring.len local usub = mw.ustring.sub local uupper = mw.ustring.upper local ulower = mw.ustring.lower local force_cat = false -- set to true to make categories appear in non-mainspace pages, for testing -- version of rsubn() that discards all but the first return value local function rsub(term, foo, bar) local retval = rsubn(term, foo, bar) return retval end -- version of rsubn() that returns a 2nd argument boolean indicating whether -- a substitution was made. local function rsubb(term, foo, bar) local retval, nsubs = rsubn(term, foo, bar) return retval, nsubs > 0 end local function track(track_id) require("モジュール:debug/track")("zlw-ocs-noun/" .. track_id) return true end local output_noun_slots = { nom_s = "nom|s", gen_s = "gen|s", dat_s = "dat|s", acc_s = "acc|s", voc_s = "voc|s", loc_s = "loc|s", ins_s = "ins|s", nom_d = "nom|d", gen_d = "gen|d", dat_d = "dat|d", acc_d = "acc|d", voc_d = "voc|d", loc_d = "loc|d", ins_d = "ins|d", nom_p = "nom|p", gen_p = "gen|p", dat_p = "dat|p", acc_p = "acc|p", voc_p = "voc|p", loc_p = "loc|p", ins_p = "ins|p", } local function get_output_noun_slots(alternant_multiword_spec) -- FIXME: To save memory we modify the table in-place. This won't work if we ever end up with multiple calls to -- this module in the same Lua invocation, and we would need to clone the table. if alternant_multiword_spec.actual_number ~= "allthree" then for slot, accel_form in pairs(output_noun_slots) do output_noun_slots[slot] = accel_form:gsub("|[sp]$", "") end end return output_noun_slots end local potential_lemma_slots = {"nom_s", "nom_p", "gen_s"} local cases = { nom = true, gen = true, dat = true, acc = true, voc = true, loc = true, ins = true, } local clitic_cases = { gen = true, dat = true, acc = true, } local function dereduce(base, stem) local dereduced_stem = com.dereduce(base, stem) if not dereduced_stem then error("Unable to dereduce stem '" .. stem .. "'") end return dereduced_stem end local function apply_special_cases(base, slot, stem, ending) local palatalize_voc if base.c_as_k and rfind(ending, "^[aouyáóúůý]") then local k_stem = rsub(stem, "c$", "k") stem = {stem, k_stem} elseif slot == "voc_s" and ending == "e" and base.palatalize_voc and not base["-velar"] then local palstem = com.apply_first_palatalization(stem) if base.animacy == "inan" and rfind(stem, com.cons_c .. "r$") and not rfind(stem, "rr$") then -- optional r -> ř stem = {stem, palstem} else stem = palstem end elseif rfind(ending, "^[ěií]") or slot == "loc_s" and ending == "e" then if rfind(stem, "ck$") and rfind(base.lemma, "ck$") then -- IJP says nouns in -ck (back, comeback, crack, deadlock, hatchback, hattrick, joystick, paperback, quarterback, -- rock, soundtrack, track, truck) simplify the resulting -cc ending in the loc_p to -c. Similarly [[quarterback]] -- has nom_pl 'quarterbaci, quarterbackove'. We need to check the lemma as well because nouns in -cek don't do this. stem = rsub(stem, "ck$", "k") end if base.velar then -- [[petanque]] /petank/ -> loc pl 'petancích'. stem = rsub(stem, "gu$", "g") stem = rsub(stem, "qu$", "k") end -- loc_s of hard masculines is sometimes -e/ě; the user might indicate this as -e, which we should handle -- correctly stem = com.apply_second_palatalization(stem) end return stem, ending end local function skip_slot(number, slot) return number == "sg" and rfind(slot, "_p$") or number == "pl" and rfind(slot, "_s$") end -- Basic function to combine stem(s) and ending(s) and insert the result into the appropriate slot. `stems` is either -- the `stems` object passed into the declension functions (containing the various stems; see below) or a string to -- override the stem. (NOTE: If you pass a string in as `stems`, you should pass the value of `stems.footnotes` as the -- value of `footnotes` as it will be lost otherwise. If you need to supply your own footnote in addition, use -- iut.combine_footnotes() to combine any user-specified footnote(s) with your footnote(s).) `endings` is either a -- string specifying a single ending or a list of endings. If `endings` is nil, no forms are inserted. If an ending is -- "-", the value of `stems` is ignored and the lemma is used instead as the stem; this is important in case the user -- used `decllemma:` to specify a declension lemma different from the actual lemma, or specified '.foreign' (which has -- a similar effect). local function add(base, slot, stems, endings, footnotes) if not endings then return end -- Call skip_slot() based on the declined number; if the actual number is different, we correct this in -- decline_noun() at the end. if skip_slot(base.number, slot) then return end local stems_footnotes = type(stems) == "table" and stems.footnotes or nil footnotes = iut.combine_footnotes(iut.combine_footnotes(base.footnotes, stems_footnotes), footnotes) if type(endings) == "string" then endings = {endings} end for _, ending in ipairs(endings) do -- Compute the stem. If ending is "-", use the lemma regardless. Otherwise if `stems` is a string, use it. -- Otherwise `stems` is an object containing four stems (vowel-vs-non-vowel cross regular-vs-oblique); -- compute the appropriate stem based on the slot and whether the ending begins with a vowel. local stem if ending == "-" then stem = base.actual_lemma ending = "" elseif type(stems) == "string" then stem = stems else local is_vowel_ending = rfind(ending, "^" .. com.vowel_c) if stems.oblique_slots == "all" or (stems.oblique_slots == "gen_p" or stems.oblique_slots == "all-oblique") and slot == "gen_p" or stems.oblique_slots == "all-oblique" and (slot == "ins_s" or slot == "dat_p" or slot == "loc_p" or slot == "ins_p") then if is_vowel_ending then stem = stems.oblique_vowel_stem else stem = stems.oblique_nonvowel_stem end elseif is_vowel_ending then stem = stems.vowel_stem else stem = stems.nonvowel_stem end end -- Maybe apply the first or second Slavic palatalization. stem, ending = apply_special_cases(base, slot, stem, ending) ending = iut.combine_form_and_footnotes(ending, footnotes) local function combine_stem_ending(stem, ending) return com.combine_stem_ending(base, slot, stem, ending) end iut.add_forms(base.forms, slot, stem, ending, combine_stem_ending) end end local function process_slot_overrides(base, do_slot) for slot, overrides in pairs(base.overrides) do -- Call skip_slot() based on the declined number; if the actual number is different, we correct this in -- decline_noun() at the end. if skip_slot(base.number, slot) then error("Override specified for invalid slot '" .. slot .. "' due to '" .. base.number .. "' number restriction") end if do_slot(slot) then base.slot_overridden[slot] = true base.forms[slot] = nil for _, override in ipairs(overrides) do for _, value in ipairs(override.values) do local form = value.form local combined_notes = iut.combine_footnotes(base.footnotes, value.footnotes) if override.full then if form ~= "" then iut.insert_form(base.forms, slot, {form = form, footnotes = combined_notes}) end else -- Convert a null ending to "-" in the acc/voc sg slots so that e.g. [[Kerberos]] declared as -- <m.sg.foreign.gena:u.acc-:a> works correctly and generates accusative 'Kerberos/Kerbera' not -- #'Kerber/Kerbera'. if (slot == "acc_s" or slot == "voc_s") and form == "" then form = "-" end for _, stems in ipairs(base.stem_sets) do add(base, slot, stems, form, combined_notes) end end end end end end end local function add_decl(base, stems, gen_s, dat_s, acc_s, voc_s, loc_s, ins_s, nom_d, gen_d, dat_d, nom_p, gen_p, dat_p, acc_p, loc_p, ins_p, nom_s, footnotes ) add(base, "nom_s", stems, "-", footnotes) add(base, "gen_s", stems, gen_s, footnotes) add(base, "dat_s", stems, dat_s, footnotes) add(base, "acc_s", stems, acc_s, footnotes) add(base, "voc_s", stems, voc_s, footnotes) add(base, "loc_s", stems, loc_s, footnotes) add(base, "ins_s", stems, ins_s, footnotes) add(base, "nom_d", stems, nom_d, footnotes) add(base, "gen_d", stems, gen_d, footnotes) add(base, "dat_d", stems, dat_d, footnotes) if base.number == "pl" then -- If this is a plurale tantum noun and we're processing the nominative plural, use the user-specified lemma -- rather than generating the plural from the synthesized singular, which may not match the specified lemma -- (e.g. [[tvargle]] "Olomouc cheese" using <m.pl.mixed> would try to generate 'tvargle/tvargly', and [[peníze]] -- "money" using <m.pl.#ě.genpl-> would try to generate 'peněze'). local acc_p_like_nom = m_table.deepEquals(nom_p, acc_p) nom_p = "-" if acc_p_like_nom then acc_p = "-" end end add(base, "nom_p", stems, nom_p, footnotes) add(base, "gen_p", stems, gen_p, footnotes) add(base, "dat_p", stems, dat_p, footnotes) add(base, "acc_p", stems, acc_p, footnotes) add(base, "loc_p", stems, loc_p, footnotes) add(base, "ins_p", stems, ins_p, footnotes) add(base, "nom_s", stems, nom_s, footnotes) end local function add_sg_decl(base, stems, gen_s, dat_s, acc_s, voc_s, loc_s, ins_s, footnotes ) add_decl(base, stems, gen_s, dat_s, acc_s, voc_s, loc_s, ins_s, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, footnotes) end local function add_du_only_decl(base, stems, gen_d, dat_d, footnotes ) add_decl(base, stems, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, "-", gen_d, dat_d, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, footnotes) end local function add_pl_only_decl(base, stems, gen_p, dat_p, acc_p, loc_p, ins_p, footnotes ) add_decl(base, stems, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, "-", gen_p, dat_p, acc_p, loc_p, ins_p, footnotes) end local function handle_derived_slots_and_overrides(base) local function is_non_derived_slot(slot) return slot ~= "voc_p" and slot ~= "acc_s" and slot ~= "clitic_acc_s" end local function is_derived_slot(slot) return not is_non_derived_slot(slot) end base.slot_overridden = {} -- Handle overrides for the non-derived slots. Do this before generating the derived -- slots so overrides of the source slots (e.g. nom_p) propagate to the derived slots. process_slot_overrides(base, is_non_derived_slot) -- Generate the remaining slots that are derived from other slots. if not base.pron and not base.det then -- Pronouns don't have a vocative (singular or plural). iut.insert_forms(base.forms, "voc_p", base.forms.nom_p) end if not base.forms.acc_s and not base.slot_overridden.acc_s then iut.insert_forms(base.forms, "acc_s", base.forms[base.animacy == "inan" and "nom_s" or base.animacy == "pr" and "gen_s"]) end if not base.forms.clitic_acc_s and not base.slot_overridden.clitic_acc_s then iut.insert_forms(base.forms, "clitic_acc_s", base.forms[base.animacy == "inan" and "nom_s" or "clitic_gen_s"]) end -- Handle overrides for derived slots, to allow them to be overridden. process_slot_overrides(base, is_derived_slot) -- Compute linked versions of potential lemma slots, for use in {{zlw-ocs-noun}}. -- We substitute the original lemma (before removing links) for forms that -- are the same as the lemma, if the original lemma has links. for _, slot in ipairs(potential_lemma_slots) do iut.insert_forms(base.forms, slot .. "_linked", iut.map_forms(base.forms[slot], function(form) if form == base.orig_lemma_no_links and rfind(base.orig_lemma, "%[%[") then return base.orig_lemma else return form end end)) end end -- Table mapping declension types to functions to decline the noun. The function takes two arguments, `base` and -- `stems`; the latter specifies the computed stems (vowel vs. non-vowel, singular vs. plural) and whether the noun -- is reducible and/or has vowel alternations in the stem. Most of the specifics of determining which stem to use -- and how to modify it for the given ending are handled in add_decl(); the declension functions just need to generate -- the appropriate endings. local decls = {} -- Table specifying additional properties for declension types. Every declension type must have such a table, which -- specifies which category or categories to add and what annotation to show in the title bar of the declension table. -- -- * Only the `cat` property of this table is mandatory; there is also a `desc` property to specify the annotation, but -- this can be omitted and the annotation will then be computed from the `cat` property. The `cat` property is either -- a string, a list of strings or a function (of two arguments, `base` and `stems` as above) returning a string or -- list of strings. The string can contain the keywords GENDER to substitute the gender (and animacy for masculine -- nouns) and POS (to substitute the pluralized part of speech). The keyword GENPOS is equivalent to 'GENDER POS'. If -- no keyword is present, ' GENPOS' is added onto the end. If only GENDER is present, ' POS' is added onto the end. -- In all cases, the language name is added onto the beginning to form the full category name. -- * The `desc` property is of the same form as the `cat` property and specifies the annotation to display in the title -- bar (which may have the same format as the category minus the part of speech, or may be abbreviated). The value -- may not be a list of strings, as only one annotation is displayed. If omitted, it is derived from the category -- spec(s) by taking the last category (if more than one is given) and removing ' POS' before keyword substitution. local declprops = {} decls["hard-m"] = function(base, stems) base.palatalize_voc = not rfind(stems.vowel_stem, "c$") local gen_s = base.animacy == "pr" and "a" or {"a", "u"} local dat_s = base.animacy == "inan" and {"u"} or {"u", "ovi"} local loc_s = base.animacy == "inan" and rfind(base.lemma, "l$") and {"e", "u"} or base.animacy == "inan" and {"ě", "u"} or base.animacy == "anml" and {"ě", "u", "ovi"} or {"u", "ovi"} local voc_s = velar and {"e", "u"} or "e" local loc_p = rfind(base.lemma, "l$") and "éch" or "iech" local acc_s = base.animacy == "anml" and {"", "a"} add_decl(base, stems, gen_s, dat_s, acc_s, voc_s, loc_s, "em", "y", "ú", "oma", {"i", "ové"}, "óv", "óm", "y", loc_p, "y") end declprops["hard-m"] = { desc = function(base, stems) return "hard o-stem" end, cat = function(base, stems) return "hard masculine o-stem" end } decls["soft-m"] = function(base, stems) if rfind(base.lemma, "l$") then local dat_s = base.animacy == "inan" and "u" or {"u", "ovi"} local loc_s = base.animacy == "inan" and {"i", "u"} or {"u", "ovi"} local nom_p = rfind(base.lemma, "tel") and {"é", "i"} or {"i"} local gen_p = rfind(base.lemma, "tel") and "" or nil add_decl(base, stems, "e", {}, {}, {}, {}, "em", "e", {}, {}, nom_p, gen_p, {}, "e", "ích", "i") add_decl(base, com.convert_paired_plain_to_palatal(stems.oblique_vowel_stem), nil, dat_s, nil, "u", loc_s, nil, nil, "ú", "oma", "ové", "óv", "óm" ) elseif rfind(base.lemma, "z$") then local dat_s = base.animacy == "inan" and "u" or {"u", "ovi"} local loc_s = base.animacy == "inan" and {"i", "u"} or {"u", "ovi"} add_decl(base, stems, "ě", dat_s, nil, {}, loc_s, "em", "ě", "ú", "oma", {"i", "ové"}, "óv", "óm", "ě", "ích", "i") add_decl(base, com.apply_first_palatalization(stem, "is soft"), {}, {}, {}, "e") else base.palatalize_voc = true local dat_s = base.animacy == "inan" and "u" or {"u", "ovi"} local loc_s = base.animacy == "inan" and {"i", "u"} or {"u", "ovi"} local voc_s = base.animacy == "pr" and rfind(base.lemma, "ec$") and stems.reducible and "e" or base.animacy == "pr" and rfind(base.lemma, "z$") and "e" or "u" local nom_p = rfind(base.lemma, "ař") and {"é", "ové"} or {"i", "ové"} add_decl(base, stems, "ě", dat_s, nil, voc_s, loc_s, "em", "ě", "ú", "oma", nom_p, "óv", "óm", "ě", "ích", "i") end end declprops["soft-m"] = { desc = function(base, stems) return "soft o-stem" end, cat = function(base, stems) return "soft masculine o-stem" end } decls["ěnín-m"] = function(base, stems) add_decl(base, stems, "ěnína", {"ěnínu", "ěnínovi"}, "ěnína", "ěníne", {"ěnínu", "ěnínovi"}, "ěnínem", "ěníny", "ěnínú", "ěnínoma", {"ěné", "anové"}, {"an", "anóv"}, "anóm", "any", "ěniech", "any") end declprops["ěnín-m"] = { desc = function(base, stems) return "hard o-stem" end, cat = function(base, stems) return "hard masculine o-stem" end } decls["enín-m"] = function(base, stems) add_decl(base, stems, "enína", {"enínu", "enínovi"}, "enína", "eníne", {"enínu", "enínovi"}, "enínem", "eníny", "enínú", "enínoma", {"ené", "anové"}, {"an", "anóv"}, "anóm", "any", "eniech", "any") end declprops["enín-m"] = { desc = function(base, stems) return "hard o-stem" end, cat = function(base, stems) return "hard masculine o-stem" end } decls["u-m"] = function(base, stems) local gen_s = base.animacy == "inan" and "u" or "a" local acc_s = base.animacy == "inan" and "-" or "a" local loc_p = rfind(base.lemma, "l$") and "éch" or "iech" add_decl(base, stems, gen_s, {"ovi", "u"}, acc_s, "e", "u", "em", "y", "ú", "oma", {"ové", "i"}, "óv", "óm", "y", loc_p, "y") end declprops["u-m"] = { desc = function(base, stems) return "u-stem" end, cat = function(base, stems) return "u-stem" end } decls["a-m"] = function(base, stems) local it_ist = rfind(stems.vowel_stem, "is?t$") or rfind(stems.vowel_stem, "ast$") add_decl(base, stems, "y", "ě", "u", "o", "ě", "ú", "ě", "ú", "ama", "y", "", "ám", "y", "ách", "ami") end declprops["a-m"] = { desc = function(base, stems) return "hard a-stem" end, cat = function(base, stems) return "hard masculine a-stem" end } decls["ě-m"] = function(base, stems) add_decl(base, stems, "ě", "i", {}, {}, "i", {}, "i", {}, "ěma", "ě", "í", "iem", "ě", "iech", "ěmi") add_decl(base, com.convert_paired_plain_to_palatal(stems.oblique_vowel_stem), nil, nil, "u", "e", nil, "ú", nil, "ú") end declprops["ě-m"] = { desc = function(base, stems) return "soft a-stem" end, cat = function(base, stems) return "soft masculine a-stem" end } decls["ijo-m"] = function(base, stems) if rfind(base.lemma, "lí$") then local acc_s = base.animacy == "inan" and "í" or {"é", "í"} add_decl(base, stems, "é", {}, acc_s, {}, "í", "ím", "é", {}, "íma", "í", "í", "ím", "é", "ích", "ími") add_decl(base, com.convert_paired_plain_to_palatal(stems.oblique_vowel_stem), nil, "ú", nil, "ú", nil, nil, nil, "ú") else local acc_s = base.animacy == "inan" and "í" or {"ie", "í"} add_decl(base, stems, "ie", {}, acc_s, {}, "í", "ím", "ie", {}, "íma", "í", "í", "ím", "ie", "ích", "ími") add_decl(base, com.convert_paired_plain_to_palatal(stems.oblique_vowel_stem), nil, "ú", nil, "ú", nil, nil, nil, "ú") end end declprops["ijo-m"] = { desc = function(base, stems) return "soft o-stem" end, cat = function(base, stems) return "soft masculine o-stem" end } decls["ija-m"] = function(base, stems) if rfind(base.lemma, "l[íé]") then add_decl(base, stems, "é", "í", {}, "í", "í", "ím", "í", {}, "éma", "é", "í", "ém", "é", "éch", "iemi") add_decl(base, com.convert_paired_plain_to_palatal(stems.oblique_vowel_stem), nil, nil, "ú", nil, nil, nil, nil, "ú") else add_decl(base, stems, "ie", "í", {}, "í", "í", "ím", "í", {}, "iema", "ie", "í", "iem", "ie", "iech", "iemi") add_decl(base, com.convert_paired_plain_to_palatal(stems.oblique_vowel_stem), nil, nil, "ú", nil, nil, nil, nil, "ú") end end declprops["ija-m"] = { desc = function(base, stems) return "soft a-stem" end, cat = function(base, stems) return "soft masculine a-stem" end } decls["o-m"] = function(base, stems) local velar = base.velar or not base["-velar"] and rfind(stems.vowel_stem, com.velar_c .. "$") -- inanimates e.g. [[Pluto]] (planet) have -u only, like for normal hard masculines. local dat_s = base.animacy == "inan" and "u" or base.surname and "ovi"or {"ovi", "u"} local loc_s = dat_s local loc_p = velar and "ích" or "ech" add_decl(base, stems, "a", dat_s, nil, "-", loc_s, "em", "ové", "ů", "ům", "y", loc_p, "y") end declprops["o-m"] = { cat = "GENPOS in -o" } decls["istem-m"] = function(base, stems) add_decl(base, stems, "i", "i", {"", "i"}, "i", "i", "em", "i", {}, "ma", "ie", "í", "em", "i", "ech", "mi") add_decl(base, com.convert_paired_plain_to_palatal(stems.oblique_vowel_stem), nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, "ú") end declprops["istem-m"] = { desc = function(base, stems) return "i-stem" end, cat = function(base, stems) return "masculine i-stem" end } decls["n-m"] = function(base, stems) add_decl(base, stems, "e", "i", "-", "i", "i", "em", "y", "ú", "oma", {"i", "ové"}, "óv", "óm", "y", "iech", "y") end declprops["n-m"] = { desc = function(base, stems) return "n-stem" end, cat = function(base, stems) return "masculine n-stem" end } decls["tstem-m"] = function(base, stems) add_decl(base, stems, "te", "ti", "et", "te", "ti", "tem", "ty", "tú", "toma", "ty", "tóv", "tóm", "ty", "tiech", "ty") end declprops["tstem-m"] = { desc = function(base, stems) return "t-stem" end, cat = function(base, stems) return "masculine t-stem" end } decls["hard-f"] = function(base, stems) base.no_palatalize_c = true if rfind(base.lemma, "la$") then add_decl(base, stems, "y", "e", "u", "o", "e", "ú", "e", "ú", "ama", "y", "", "ám", "y", "ách", "ami") else add_decl(base, stems, "y", "ě", "u", "o", "ě", "ú", "ě", "ú", "ama", "y", "", "ám", "y", "ách", "ami") end end declprops["hard-f"] = { cat = "hard" } declprops["hard-f"] = { desc = function(base, stems) return "hard a-stem" end, cat = function(base, stems) return "hard feminine a-stem" end } decls["soft-f"] = function(base, stems) local gen_p = rfind(base.lemma, "ice$") and nil or "í" add_decl(base, stems, "ě", "i", {}, {}, "i", {}, "i", {}, "ěma", "ě", gen_p, "iem", "ě", "iech", "ěmi") add_decl(base, com.convert_paired_plain_to_palatal(stems.oblique_vowel_stem), nil, nil, "u", "e", nil, "ú", nil, "ú") add_decl(base, com.onlyndt(stems.oblique_vowel_stem), nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, "") end declprops["soft-f"] = { desc = function(base, stems) return "soft a-stem" end, cat = function(base, stems) return "soft feminine a-stem" end } decls["e-f"] = function(base, stems) add_decl(base, stems, "e", "i", {}, "e", "i", {}, "i", {}, "ema", "e", {"í", ""}, "ém", "e", "éch", "emi") add_decl(base, com.convert_paired_plain_to_palatal(stems.oblique_vowel_stem), nil, nil, "u", nil, nil, "ú", nil, "ú") end declprops["e-f"] = { desc = function(base, stems) return "soft a-stem" end, cat = function(base, stems) return "soft feminine a-stem" end } decls["cons-f"] = function(base, stems) if rfind(base.lemma, "l$") then add_decl(base, stems, "e", "i", {}, {}, "i", {}, "i", {}, "ema", "e", "í", "ém", "e", "ích", "emi") add_decl(base, com.convert_paired_plain_to_palatal(stems.oblique_vowel_stem), nil, nil, "u", "e", nil, "ú", nil, "ú") else add_decl(base, stems, "ě", "i", "u", "e", "i", "ú", "i", "ú", "ěma", "ě", "í", "iem", "ě", "ích", "ěmi") end end declprops["cons-f"] = { desc = function(base, stems) return "soft a-stem" end, cat = function(base, stems) return "soft feminine a-stem" end } decls["v-f"] = function(base, stems) add_decl(base, stems, "ve", "vi", "ev", "vi", "vi", "v́ú", "vi", "v́ú", "vema", "ve", "ví", "vem", "ve", "vech", "vemi") end declprops["v-f"] = { desc = function(base, stems) return "v-stem" end, cat = function(base, stems) return "v-stem" end } decls["r-f"] = function(base, stems) if base.lemma == "máti" then stem = "mat" end add_decl(base, stem, "eře", "eři", "eř", "-", "eři", "eřú", "eři", "eřú", "eřma", "ery", "er", "erám", "ery", "erách", "erami") end declprops["r-f"] = { desc = function(base, stems) return "r-stem" end, cat = function(base, stems) return "r-stem" end } decls["istem-f"] = function(base, stems) local acc_s = rfind(base.lemma, "i$") and "i" or "-" add_decl(base, stems, "i", "i", acc_s, "i", "i", {}, "i", {}, "ma", "i", "í", "em", "i", "ech", "mi") add_decl(base, com.convert_paired_plain_to_palatal(stems.oblique_vowel_stem), nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, "ú", nil, "ú") end declprops["istem-f"] = { desc = function(base, stems) return "i-stem" end, cat = function(base, stems) return "feminine i-stem" end } decls["i-f"] = function(base, stems) add_decl(base, stems, "ě", "i", {}, {}, "i", {}, "i", {}, "ěma", "ě", {}, "iem", "ě", "iech", "ěmi", {"i", "ě"}) add_decl(base, com.convert_paired_plain_to_palatal(stems.oblique_vowel_stem), nil, nil, "u", "e", nil, "ú", nil, "ú", nil, nil, "") end declprops["i-f"] = { desc = function(base, stems) return "soft a-stem" end, cat = function(base, stems) return "soft feminine a-stem" end } decls["í-f"] = function(base, stems) if rfind(stem, "l$") then add_decl(base, stems, "é", "í", {}, "í", "í", {}, "í", {}, "éma", "é", "í", "ém", "é", "éch", "émi") add_decl(base, com.convert_paired_plain_to_palatal(stems.oblique_vowel_stem), nil, nil, "ú", nil, nil, "ú", nil, "ú") else local voc_s = rfind(base.lemma, "ie$") and "ie" or "í" add_decl(base, stems, "ie", "í", {}, voc_s, "í", {}, "í", {}, "iema", "ie", "í", "iem", "ie", "iech", "iemi") add_decl(base, com.convert_paired_plain_to_palatal(stems.oblique_vowel_stem), nil, nil, "ú", nil, nil, "ú", nil, "ú") end end declprops["í-f"] = { desc = function(base, stems) return "soft a-stem" end, cat = function(base, stems) return "soft feminine a-stem" end } decls["é-f"] = function(base, stems) add_decl(base, stems, "é", "í", {}, "í", "í", {}, "í", {}, "éma", "é", "í", "ém", "ie", "éch", "émi") add_decl(base, com.convert_paired_plain_to_palatal(stems.oblique_vowel_stem), nil, nil, "ú", nil, nil, "ú", nil, "ú") end declprops["é-f"] = { desc = function(base, stems) return "soft a-stem" end, cat = function(base, stems) return "soft feminine a-stem" end } decls["hard-n"] = function(base, stems) if rfind(base.lemma, "lo$") then add_decl(base, stems, "a", "u", "-", "-", {"e", "u"}, "em", "e", "ú", "oma", "a", "", "óm", "a", "éch", "y") else add_decl(base, stems, "a", "u", "-", "-", {"ě", "u"}, "em", "ě", "ú", "oma", "a", "", "óm", "a", "iech", "y") end end declprops["hard-n"] = { desc = function(base, stems) return "hard o-stem" end, cat = function(base, stems) return "hard neuter o-stem" end } decls["soft-n"] = function(base, stems) if rfind(base.lemma, "le$") then add_decl(base, stems, "e", {}, "-", "-", "i", "em", "i", {}, {}, "e", "í", {}, "e", "ích", "i") add_decl(base, com.convert_paired_plain_to_palatal(stems.oblique_vowel_stem), nil, "u", nil, nil, "u", nil, nil, "ú", "oma", nil, nil, "óm") else add_decl(base, stems, "ě", {}, "-", "-", "i", "em", "i", {}, {}, "ě", "í", {}, "ě", "ích", "i") add_decl(base, com.convert_paired_plain_to_palatal(stems.oblique_vowel_stem), nil, "u", nil, nil, "u", nil, nil, "ú", "oma", nil, nil, "óm") end end declprops["soft-n"] = { desc = function(base, stems) return "soft o-stem" end, cat = function(base, stems) return "soft neuter o-stem" end } decls["ie-n"] = function(base, stems) add_decl(base, stems, "ie", {}, "ie", "ie", "í", "ím", "í", {}, "íma", "ie", "í", "ím", "ie", "ích", "ími") add_decl(base, com.convert_paired_plain_to_palatal(stems.oblique_vowel_stem), nil, "ú", nil, nil, "ú", nil, nil, "ú") end declprops["ie-n"] = { desc = function(base, stems) return "soft o-stem" end, cat = function(base, stems) return "soft neuter o-stem" end } decls["é-n"] = function(base, stems) add_decl(base, stems, "é", {}, "é", "é", "í", "ím", "í", {}, "íma", "é", "í", "ím", "é", "ích", "ími") add_decl(base, com.convert_paired_plain_to_palatal(stems.oblique_vowel_stem), nil, "ú", nil, nil, "ú", nil, nil, "ú") end declprops["é-n"] = { desc = function(base, stems) return "soft o-stem" end, cat = function(base, stems) return "soft neuter o-stem" end } decls["n-n"] = function(base, stems) add_decl(base, stems, "ene", "eni", "-", "-", "eni", "enem", "eně", "enú", "enoma", "ena", "en", "enóm", "ena", "eniech", "eny") end declprops["n-n"] = { desc = function(base, stems) return "n-stem" end, cat = function(base, stems) return "neuter n-stem" end } decls["tstem-n"] = function(base, stems) add_decl(base, stems, "ěte", "ěti", "-", "-", "ěti", "ětem", "ětě", "atú", "atma", "ata", "at", "atóm", "ata", "ětech", "aty") end declprops["tstem-n"] = { desc = function(base, stems) return "t-stem" end, cat = function(base, stems) return "neuter t-stem" end } decls["e-tstem-n"] = function(base, stems) add_decl(base, stems, "ete", "eti", "-", "-", "eti", "etem", "etě", "atú", "atma", "ata", "at", "atóm", "ata", "etech", "aty") end declprops["e-tstem-n"] = { desc = function(base, stems) return "t-stem" end, cat = function(base, stems) return "neuter t-stem" end } decls["adj"] = function(base, stems) local props = {} local propspec = table.concat(props, ".") if propspec ~= "" then propspec = "<" .. propspec .. ">" end local adj_alternant_multiword_spec = require("モジュール:zlw-ocs-adjective").do_generate_forms({base.lemma .. propspec}) local function copy(from_slot, to_slot) base.forms[to_slot] = adj_alternant_multiword_spec.forms[from_slot] end if base.number ~= "pl" then if base.gender == "m" then copy("nom_m", "nom_s") copy("gen_mn", "gen_s") copy("dat_mn", "dat_s") copy("loc_mn", "loc_s") copy("ins_mn", "ins_s") elseif base.gender == "f" then copy("nom_f", "nom_s") copy("gen_f", "gen_s") copy("dat_f", "dat_s") copy("acc_f", "acc_s") copy("loc_f", "loc_s") copy("ins_f", "ins_s") else copy("nom_n", "nom_s") copy("gen_mn", "gen_s") copy("dat_mn", "dat_s") copy("acc_n", "acc_s") copy("loc_mn", "loc_s") copy("ins_mn", "ins_s") end if not base.forms.voc_s then iut.insert_forms(base.forms, "voc_s", base.forms.nom_s) end end if base.number ~= "sg" then if base.gender == "m" then copy("nom_mp", "nom_p") copy("acc_mfp", "acc_p") copy("nom_md", "nom_d") elseif base.gender == "f" then copy("nom_fp", "nom_p") copy("acc_mfp", "acc_p") copy("nom_fnd", "nom_d") else copy("nom_np", "nom_p") copy("acc_np", "acc_p") copy("nom_fnd", "nom_d") end copy("gen_p", "gen_p") copy("dat_p", "dat_p") copy("ins_p", "ins_p") copy("loc_p", "loc_p") copy("gen_d", "gen_d") copy("dat_d", "dat_d") end end local function get_stemtype(base) if rfind(base.lemma, "ý$") then return "hard" elseif rfind(base.lemma, "í$") then return "soft" else return "possessive" end end declprops["adj"] = { cat = function(base, stems) return {"adjectival POS", get_stemtype(base) .. " GENDER adjectival POS"} end, } decls["indecl"] = function(base, stems) -- Indeclinable. Note that fully indeclinable nouns should not have a table at all rather than one all of whose forms -- are the same; but having an indeclinable declension is useful for nouns that may or may not be indeclinable, e.g. -- [[desatero]] "group of ten" or the plural of [[peso]], which may be indeclinable 'pesos'. add_decl(base, stems, "-", "-", "-", "-", "-", "-", "-", "-", "-", "-", "-", "-") end declprops["indecl"] = { cat = function(base, stems) if base.adj then return {"adjectival POS", "indeclinable adjectival POS", "indeclinable GENDER adjectival POS"} else return {"indeclinable POS", "indeclinable GENPOS"} end end } decls["manual"] = function(base, stems) -- Anything declined manually using overrides. We don't set any declensions except the nom_s (or nom_p if plurale -- tantum). add(base, base.number == "pl" and "nom_p" or "nom_s", stems, "-") end declprops["manual"] = { desc = "GENDER", cat = {}, } local function set_pron_defaults(base) if base.gender or base.lemma ~= "ona" and base.number or base.animacy then error("Can't specify gender, number or animacy for pronouns") end local function pron_props() -- Return values are GENDER, NUMBER, ANIMACY, HAS_CLITIC. if base.lemma == "kto" then return "none", "sg", "pr", false elseif base.lemma == "čso" then return "none", "sg", "inan", false else error(("Unrecognized pronoun '%s'"):format(base.lemma)) end end local gender, number, animacy, has_clitic = pron_props() base.gender = gender base.actual_gender = gender base.number = number base.actual_number = number base.animacy = animacy base.actual_animacy = animacy base.has_clitic = has_clitic end local function determine_pronoun_stems(base) if base.stem_sets then error("Reducible and vowel alternation specs cannot be given with pronouns") end base.stem_sets = {{reducible = false, vowel_stem = "", nonvowel_stem = ""}} base.decl = "pron" end decls["pron"] = function(base, stems) if base.lemma == "kto" then add_decl(base, stems, "koho", "komu", nil, nil, "kom", "kým") elseif base.lemma == "čso" then add_decl(base, stems, {"čeho", "čso"}, "čemu", nil, nil, "čem", "čím") else error(("Internal error: Unrecognized pronoun lemma '%s'"):format(base.lemma)) end end declprops["pron"] = { desc = "GENDER pronoun", cat = {}, } local function set_num_defaults(base) if base.gender or base.animacy then error("Can't specify gender, number or animacy for numeral") end local function num_props() -- Return values are GENDER, NUMBER, ANIMACY, HAS_CLITIC. return "none", "pl", "none", false end local gender, number, animacy, has_clitic = num_props() base.gender = gender base.actual_gender = gender base.number = number base.actual_number = number base.animacy = animacy base.actual_animacy = animacy base.has_clitic = has_clitic end local function determine_numeral_stems(base) if base.stem_sets then error("Reducible and vowel alternation specs cannot be given with numerals") end local stem = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*)" .. com.vowel_c .. "$") or base.lemma base.stem_sets = {{reducible = false, vowel_stem = stem, nonvowel_stem = stem}} base.decl = "num" end decls["num"] = function(base, stems) local after_prep_footnote = "[after a preposition]" if base.lemma == "jeden" then add_pl_only_decl(base, "", "jednoho", "jednomu", "jeden", "jednom", "jedniem") elseif base.lemma == "dva" or base.lemma == "dvě" then -- in compound numbers; stem is dv- add_pl_only_decl(base, stems, "ú", "ěma", "-", "ú", "ěma") elseif base.lemma == "tři" or base.lemma == "čtyři" then local is_three = base.lemma == "tři" add_pl_only_decl(base, stems, is_three and "í" or "", "em", "-", "ech", "mi") elseif base.lemma == "devět" then add_pl_only_decl(base, "", {"devieti", "devěti"}, {"devieti", "devěti"}, "-", {"devieti", "devěti"}, {"devieti", "devěti"}, stems.footnotes) elseif base.lemma == "desět" then add_pl_only_decl(base, "", {"desieti", "desěti"}, {"desieti", "desěti"}, "-", {"desieti", "desěti"}, {"desieti", "desěti"}, stems.footnotes) elseif base.lemma == "sta" or base.lemma == "stě" or base.lemma == "set" then add_pl_only_decl(base, "", "set", "stům", "-", "stech", "sty", stems.footnotes) elseif rfind(base.lemma, "[cs]et$") then -- [[deset]] and all numbers ending in -cet ([[dvacet]], [[třicet]], [[čtyřicet]] and inverted compound -- numerals such as [[pětadvacet]] "25" and [[dvaatřicet]] "32") local begin = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*)et$") add_pl_only_decl(base, stems, "i", "i", "-", "i", "i") add_pl_only_decl(base, begin, "íti", "íti", "-", "íti", "íti", stems.footnotes) elseif rfind(base.lemma, "oje$") then -- [[dvoje]], [[troje]] -- stem is without -e add_pl_only_decl(base, stems, "ích", "ím", "-", "ích", "ími") elseif rfind(base.lemma, "ery$") then -- [[čtvery]], [[patery]], [[šestery]], [[sedmery]], [[osmery]], [[devatery]], [[desatery]] -- stem is without -y add_pl_only_decl(base, stems, "ých", "ým", "-", "ých", "ými") else add_pl_only_decl(base, stems, "i", "i", "-", "i", "i") end end declprops["num"] = { desc = "GENDER numeral", cat = {}, } local function set_det_defaults(base) if base.gender or base.number or base.animacy then error("Can't specify gender, number or animacy for determiner") end local function det_props() -- Return values are GENDER, NUMBER, ANIMACY, HAS_CLITIC. return "none", "none", "none", false end local gender, number, animacy, has_clitic = det_props() base.gender = gender base.actual_gender = gender base.number = number base.actual_number = number base.animacy = animacy base.actual_animacy = animacy base.has_clitic = has_clitic end local function determine_determiner_stems(base) if base.stem_sets then error("Reducible and vowel alternation specs cannot be given with determiners") end local stem = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*)" .. com.vowel_c .. "$") or base.lemma base.stem_sets = {{reducible = false, vowel_stem = stem, nonvowel_stem = stem}} base.decl = "det" end decls["det"] = function(base, stems) add_sg_decl(base, stems, "a", "a", "-", nil, "a", "a") end declprops["det"] = { desc = "GENDER determiner", cat = {}, } local function fetch_footnotes(separated_group) local footnotes for j = 2, #separated_group - 1, 2 do if separated_group[j + 1] ~= "" then error("Extraneous text after bracketed footnotes: '" .. table.concat(separated_group) .. "'") end if not footnotes then footnotes = {} end table.insert(footnotes, separated_group[j]) end return footnotes end --[=[ Parse a single override spec (e.g. 'nomplé:ové' or 'ins:autodráhou:autodrahou[rare]') and return two values: the slot(s) the override applies to, and an object describing the override spec. The input is actually a list where the footnotes have been separated out; for example, given the spec 'inspl:čobotami:čobotámi[rare]:čobitmi[archaic]', the input will be a list {"inspl:čobotami:čobotámi", "[rare]", ":čobitmi", "[archaic]", ""}. The object returned for 'ins:autodráhou:autodrahou[rare]' looks like this: { full = true, values = { { form = "autodráhou" }, { form = "autodrahou", footnotes = {"[rare]"} } } } The object returned for 'nomplé:ové' looks like this: { values = { { form = "é", }, { form = "ové", } } } ]=] local function parse_override(segments) local retval = {values = {}} local part = segments[1] local slots = {} while true do local case = usub(part, 1, 3) if cases[case] then -- ok else error(("Unrecognized case '%s' in override: '%s'"):format(case, table.concat(segments))) end part = usub(part, 4) local slot if rfind(part, "^pl") then part = usub(part, 3) slot = case .. "_p" elseif rfind(part, "^du") then part = usub(part, 3) slot = case .. "_d" else slot = case .. "_s" end table.insert(slots, slot) if rfind(part, "^%+") then part = usub(part, 2) else break end end if rfind(part, "^:") then retval.full = true part = usub(part, 2) end segments[1] = part local colon_separated_groups = iut.split_alternating_runs_and_strip_spaces(segments, ":") for i, colon_separated_group in ipairs(colon_separated_groups) do local value = {} local form = colon_separated_group[1] if form == "" then error(("Use - to indicate an empty ending for slot%s '%s': '%s'"):format(#slots > 1 and "s" or "", table.concat(slots), table.concat(segments))) elseif form == "-" then value.form = "" else value.form = form end value.footnotes = fetch_footnotes(colon_separated_group) table.insert(retval.values, value) end return slots, retval end --[=[ Parse an indicator spec (text consisting of angle brackets and zero or more dot-separated indicators within them). Return value is an object of the form { overrides = { SLOT = {OVERRIDE, OVERRIDE, ...}, -- as returned by parse_override() ... }, forms = {}, -- forms for a single spec alternant; see `forms` below footnotes = {"FOOTNOTE", "FOOTNOTE", ...}, -- may be missing stems = { -- may be missing { reducible = TRUE_OR_FALSE, footnotes = {"FOOTNOTE", "FOOTNOTE", ...}, -- may be missing -- The following fields are filled in by determine_stems() vowel_stem = "STEM", nonvowel_stem = "STEM", oblique_slots = one of {nil, "gen_p", "all", "all-oblique"}, oblique_vowel_stem = "STEM" or nil (only needs to be set if oblique_slots is non-nil), oblique_nonvowel_stem = "STEM" or nil (only needs to be set if oblique_slots is non-nil), }, ... }, gender = "GENDER", -- "m", "f", "n" number = "NUMBER", -- "sg", "pl"; may be missing animacy = "ANIMACY", -- "inan", "an"; may be missing hard = true, -- may be missing soft = true, -- may be missing mixed = true, -- may be missing surname = true, -- may be missing istem = true, -- may be missing ["-istem"] = true, -- may be missing tstem = true, -- may be missing nstem = true, -- may be missing tech = true, -- may be missing foreign = true, -- may be missing mostlyindecl = true, -- may be missing indecl = true, -- may be missing manual = true, -- may be missing adj = true, -- may be missing decllemma = "DECLENSION-LEMMA", -- may be missing declgender = "DECLENSION-GENDER", -- may be missing declnumber = "DECLENSION-NUMBER", -- may be missing -- The following additional fields are added by other functions: orig_lemma = "ORIGINAL-LEMMA", -- as given by the user orig_lemma_no_links = "ORIGINAL-LEMMA-NO-LINKS", -- links removed lemma = "LEMMA", -- `orig_lemma_no_links`, converted to singular form if plural and lowercase if all-uppercase forms = { SLOT = { { form = "FORM", footnotes = {"FOOTNOTE", "FOOTNOTE", ...} -- may be missing }, ... }, ... }, decl = "DECL", -- declension, e.g. "hard-m" vowel_stem = "VOWEL-STEM", -- derived from vowel-ending lemmas nonvowel_stem = "NONVOWEL-STEM", -- derived from non-vowel-ending lemmas } ]=] local function parse_indicator_spec(angle_bracket_spec) local inside = rmatch(angle_bracket_spec, "^<(.*)>$") assert(inside) local base = {overrides = {}, forms = {}} if inside ~= "" then local segments = iut.parse_balanced_segment_run(inside, "[", "]") local dot_separated_groups = put.split_alternating_runs_and_strip_spaces(segments, "%.") for i, dot_separated_group in ipairs(dot_separated_groups) do local part = dot_separated_group[1] local case_prefix = usub(part, 1, 3) if cases[case_prefix] then local slots, override = parse_override(dot_separated_group) for _, slot in ipairs(slots) do if base.overrides[slot] then error(("Two overrides specified for slot '%s'"):format(slot)) else base.overrides[slot] = {override} end end elseif part == "" then if #dot_separated_group == 1 then error("Blank indicator: '" .. inside .. "'") end base.footnotes = fetch_footnotes(dot_separated_group) elseif rfind(part, "^[-*#ě]*$") or rfind(part, "^[-*#ě]*,") then if base.stem_sets then error("Can't specify reducible/vowel-alternant indicator twice: '" .. inside .. "'") end local comma_separated_groups = iut.split_alternating_runs_and_strip_spaces(dot_separated_group, ",") local stem_sets = {} for i, comma_separated_group in ipairs(comma_separated_groups) do local pattern = comma_separated_group[1] local orig_pattern = pattern local reducible, vowelalt, oblique_slots if pattern == "-" then -- default reducible, no vowel alt else local before, after before, reducible, after = rmatch(pattern, "^(.-)(%-?%*)(.-)$") if before then pattern = before .. after reducible = reducible == "*" end if pattern ~= "" then if not rfind(pattern, "^##?ě?$") then error("Unrecognized vowel-alternation pattern '" .. pattern .. "', should be one of #, ##, #ě or ##ě: '" .. inside .. "'") end if pattern == "#ě" or pattern == "##ě" then vowelalt = "quant-ě" else vowelalt = "quant" end -- `oblique_slots` will be later changed to "all" if the lemma ends in a consonant. if pattern == "##" or pattern == "##ě" then oblique_slots = "all-oblique" else oblique_slots = "gen_p" end end end table.insert(stem_sets, { reducible = reducible, vowelalt = vowelalt, oblique_slots = oblique_slots, footnotes = fetch_footnotes(comma_separated_group) }) end base.stem_sets = stem_sets elseif #dot_separated_group > 1 then error("Footnotes only allowed with slot overrides, reducible or vowel alternation specs or by themselves: '" .. table.concat(dot_separated_group) .. "'") elseif part == "m" or part == "f" or part == "n" then if base.gender then error("Can't specify gender twice: '" .. inside .. "'") end base.gender = part elseif part == "sg" or part == "du" or part == "pl" then if base.number then error("Can't specify number twice: '" .. inside .. "'") end base.number = part elseif part == "pr" or part == "anml" or part == "inan" then if base.animacy then error("Can't specify animacy twice: '" .. inside .. "'") end base.animacy = part elseif part == "hard" or part == "soft" or part == "mixed" or part == "ija" or part == "ustem" or part == "vstem" or part == "rstem" or part == "istem" or part == "-istem" or part == "tstem" or part == "nstem" or part == "tech" or part == "foreign" or part == "indecl" or part == "pron" or part == "det" or part == "num" or -- Use 'velar' with words like [[petanque]] and [[Braque]] that end with a pronounced velar (and hence are declined -- like velars) but not with a spelled velar; use '-velar' with words like [[hadíth]] that end with a spelled but -- silent velar. part == "collapse_ee" or part == "persname" or part == "c_as_k" or part == "velar" or part == "-velar" then if base[part] then error("Can't specify '" .. part .. "' twice: '" .. inside .. "'") end base[part] = true elseif part == "+" then if base.adj then error("Can't specify '+' twice: '" .. inside .. "'") end base.adj = true elseif part == "!" then if base.manual then error("Can't specify '!' twice: '" .. inside .. "'") end base.manual = true elseif rfind(part, "^mixedistem:") then if base.mixedistem then error("Can't specify 'mixedistem:' twice: '" .. inside .. "'") end base.mixedistem = rsub(part, "^mixedistem:", "") elseif rfind(part, "^decllemma:") then if base.decllemma then error("Can't specify 'decllemma:' twice: '" .. inside .. "'") end base.decllemma = rsub(part, "^decllemma:", "") elseif rfind(part, "^declgender:") then if base.declgender then error("Can't specify 'declgender:' twice: '" .. inside .. "'") end base.declgender = rsub(part, "^declgender:", "") elseif rfind(part, "^declnumber:") then if base.declnumber then error("Can't specify 'declnumber:' twice: '" .. inside .. "'") end base.declnumber = rsub(part, "^declnumber:", "") else error("Unrecognized indicator '" .. part .. "': '" .. inside .. "'") end end end return base end local function is_regular_noun(base) return not base.adj and not base.pron and not base.det and not base.num end local function process_declnumber(base) base.actual_number = base.number if base.declnumber then if base.declnumber == "sg" or base.declnumber == "du" or base.declnumber == "pl" then base.number = base.declnumber else error(("Unrecognized value '%s' for 'declnumber', should be 'sg' or 'pl'"):format(base.declnumber)) end end end local function set_defaults_and_check_bad_indicators(base) -- Set default values. local regular_noun = is_regular_noun(base) if base.pron then set_pron_defaults(base) elseif base.det then set_det_defaults(base) elseif base.num then set_num_defaults(base) elseif not base.adj then if not base.gender then if base.manual then base.gender = "none" else error("For nouns, gender must be specified") end end base.number = base.number or "allthree" process_declnumber(base) base.animacy = base.animacy or "inan" base.actual_gender = base.gender base.actual_animacy = base.animacy if base.declgender then if base.declgender == "m-an" then base.gender = "m" base.animacy = "pr" elseif base.declgender == "m-in" then base.gender = "m" base.animacy = "inan" elseif base.declgender == "f" or base.declgender == "n" then base.gender = base.declgender else error(("Unrecognized value '%s' for 'declgender', should be 'm-an', 'm-in', 'f' or 'n'"):format(base.declgender)) end end end -- Check for bad indicator combinations. if (base.hard and 1 or 0) + (base.soft and 1 or 0) + (base.mixed and 1 or 0) > 1 then error("At most one of 'hard', 'soft' and 'mixed' can be specified") end if base.istem and base["-istem"] then error("'istem' and '-istem' cannot be specified together") end if (base.istem or base["-istem"]) then if not regular_noun then error("'istem' and '-istem' can only be specified with regular nouns") end end if base.declgender and not regular_noun then error("'declgender' can only be specified with regular nouns") end end local function set_all_defaults_and_check_bad_indicators(alternant_multiword_spec) local is_multiword = #alternant_multiword_spec.alternant_or_word_specs > 1 iut.map_word_specs(alternant_multiword_spec, function(base) set_defaults_and_check_bad_indicators(base) base.multiword = is_multiword -- FIXME: not currently used; consider deleting alternant_multiword_spec.has_clitic = alternant_multiword_spec.has_clitic or base.has_clitic if base.pron then alternant_multiword_spec.saw_pron = true else alternant_multiword_spec.saw_non_pron = true end if base.det then alternant_multiword_spec.saw_det = true else alternant_multiword_spec.saw_non_det = true end if base.num then alternant_multiword_spec.saw_num = true else alternant_multiword_spec.saw_non_num = true end end) end local function undo_second_palatalization(base, word, is_adjective) local function try(from, to) local stem = rmatch(word, "^(.*)" .. from .. "$") if stem then return stem .. to end return nil end return is_adjective and try("št", "sk") or is_adjective and try("čt", "ck") or try("c", "k") or -- FIXME, this could be wrong and c correct try("ř", "r") or try("z", "h") or -- FIXME, this could be wrong and z or g correct try("š", "ch") or word end -- For a plural-only lemma, synthesize a likely singular lemma. It doesn't have to be -- theoretically correct as long as it generates all the correct plural forms. local function synthesize_singular_lemma(base) if not base.stem_sets then base.stem_sets = {{}} end local lemma_determined -- Loop over all stem sets in case the user specified multiple ones (e.g. '*,-*'). If we try to reconstruct -- different lemmas for different stem sets, we'll throw an error below. for _, stems in ipairs(base.stem_sets) do local stem, lemma while true do if base.indecl then -- If specified as indeclinable, leave it alone; e.g. 'pesos' indeclinable plural of [[peso]]. lemma = base.lemma break elseif base.gender == "m" then stem = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*)i$") if stem then if base.soft then -- [[Blíženci]] "Gemini" -- Since the nominative singular has no ending. lemma = com.convert_paired_plain_to_palatal(stem, ending) else lemma = undo_second_palatalization(base, stem) end else stem = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*)ové$") or rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*)[éyě]$") or rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*)ie$") if stem then -- [[manželé]] "married couple", [[Velšané]] "Welsh people" lemma = stem else error(("Masculine plural-only lemma '%s' should end in -i, -ové or -é"):format(base.lemma)) end end if stems.reducible == nil then if rfind(lemma, com.cons_c .. "[ck]$") and not com.is_monosyllabic(base.lemma) then stems.reducible = true end if stems.reducible then lemma = dereduce(base, lemma) end end break elseif base.gender == "f" then stem = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*)y$") if stem then lemma = stem .. "a" break end stem = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*)[eě]$") if stem then -- Singular like the plural. Cons-stem feminines like [[dlaň]] "palm (of the hand)" have identical -- plurals to soft-stem feminines like [[růže]] (modulo e/ě differences), so we don't need to -- reconstruct the former type. lemma = base.lemma break end stem = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*)i$") if stem then -- i-stems. lemma = stem base.istem = true break end error(("Feminine plural-only lemma '%s' should end in -y, -ě, -e or -i"):format(base.lemma)) elseif base.gender == "n" then -- -ata nouns like [[slůně]] "baby elephant" nom pl 'slůňata' are declined in the plural same as if -- the singular were 'slůňato' so we don't have to worry about them. stem = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*)a$") if stem then lemma = stem .. "o" break end stem = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*)[eěí]$") if stem then -- singular lemma also in -e, -ě or -í; e.g. [[věčná loviště]] "[[happy hunting ground]]" lemma = base.lemma break end error(("Neuter plural-only lemma '%s' should end in -a, -í, -ě or -e"):format(base.lemma)) else error(("Internal error: Unrecognized gender '%s'"):format(base.gender)) end end if lemma_determined and lemma_determined ~= lemma then error(("Attempt to set two different singular lemmas '%s' and '%s'"):format(lemma_determined, lemma)) end lemma_determined = lemma end base.lemma = lemma_determined end -- For an adjectival lemma, synthesize the masc singular form. local function synthesize_adj_lemma(base) local stem if base.indecl then base.decl = "indecl" stem = base.lemma else local gender, number local function sub_ov(stem) stem = stem:gsub("ov$", "ův") return stem end while true do if base.number == "pl" then if base.gender == "m" then stem = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*)í$") if stem then if base.soft then -- nothing to do else if base.animacy ~= "pr" then error(("Masculine plural-only adjectival lemma '%s' ending in -í can only be animate unless '.soft' is specified"): format(base.lemma)) end base.lemma = undo_second_palatalization(base, stem, "is adjective") .. "ý" end break end stem = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*)é$") if stem then if base.animacy == "pr" then error(("Masculine plural-only adjectival lemma '%s' ending in -é must be inanimate"): format(base.lemma)) end base.lemma = stem .. "ý" break end stem = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*ov)i$") or rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*in)i$") if stem then if base.animacy ~= "pr" then error(("Masculine plural-only possessive adjectival lemma '%s' ending in -i must be animate"): format(base.lemma)) end base.lemma = sub_ov(stem) break end stem = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*ov)y$") or rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*in)y$") if stem then if base.animacy == "pr" then error(("Masculine plural-only possessive adjectival lemma '%s' ending in -y must be inanimate"): format(base.lemma)) end base.lemma = sub_ov(stem) break end if base.animacy == "pr" then error(("Animate masculine plural-only adjectival lemma '%s' should end in -í, -ovi or -ini"): format(base.lemma)) elseif base.soft then error(("Soft masculine plural-only adjectival lemma '%s' should end in -í"):format(base.lemma)) else error(("Inanimate masculine plural-only adjectival lemma '%s' should end in -é, -ovy or -iny"): format(base.lemma)) end elseif base.gender == "f" then stem = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*)é$") -- hard adjective if stem then base.lemma = stem .. "ý" break end stem = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*)í$") -- soft adjective if stem then break end stem = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*ov)y$") or rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*in)y$") -- possessive adjective if stem then base.lemma = sub_ov(stem) break end error(("Feminine plural-only adjectival lemma '%s' should end in -é, -í, -ovy or -iny"):format(base.lemma)) else stem = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*)á$") -- hard adjective if stem then base.lemma = stem .. "ý" break end stem = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*)í$") -- soft adjective if stem then break end stem = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*ov)a$") or rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*in)a$") -- possessive adjective if stem then base.lemma = sub_ov(stem) break end error(("Neuter plural-only adjectival lemma '%s' should end in -á, -í, -ova or -ina"):format(base.lemma)) end else if base.gender == "m" then stem = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*)[ýí]$") or rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*)ův$") or rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*)in$") if stem then break end error(("Masculine adjectival lemma '%s' should end in -ý, -í, -ův or -in"):format(base.lemma)) elseif base.gender == "f" then stem = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*)á$") if stem then base.lemma = stem .. "ý" break end stem = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*)í$") if stem then break end stem = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*ov)a$") or rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*in)a$") if stem then base.lemma = sub_ov(stem) break end error(("Feminine adjectival lemma '%s' should end in -á, -í, -ova or -ina"):format(base.lemma)) else stem = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*)í$") if stem then break end stem = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*ov)o$") or rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*in)o$") if stem then base.lemma = sub_ov(stem) break end error(("Neuter adjectival lemma '%s' should end in -é, -í, -ovo or -ino"):format(base.lemma)) end end end base.decl = "adj" end -- Now set the stem sets if not given. -- Now set the stem sets if not given. if not base.stem_sets then base.stem_sets = {{reducible = false}} end for _, stems in ipairs(base.stem_sets) do -- Set the stems. stems.vowel_stem = stem stems.nonvowel_stem = stem end end -- Determine the declension based on the lemma, gender and number. The declension is set in base.decl. In the process, -- we set either base.vowel_stem (if the lemma ends in a vowel) or base.nonvowel_stem (if the lemma does not end in a -- vowel), which is used by determine_stems(). In some cases (specifically with certain foreign nouns), we set -- base.lemma to a new value; this is as if the user specified 'decllemma:'. local function determine_declension(base) if base.indecl then base.decl = "indecl" base.nonvowel_stem = base.lemma return end -- Determine declension stem = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*)a$") if stem then if base.gender == "m" then if base.animacy ~= "pr" then error("Masculine lemma in -a must be animate") end base.decl = "a-m" elseif base.gender == "f" then if base.hard then -- e.g. [[doňa]], which seems not to have soft alternates as [[piraňa]] does (despite IJP; but see the note at the -- bottom) base.decl = "hard-f" elseif rfind(stem, "e$") then -- [[idea]], [[diarea]] (subtype '.tech'), [[Korea]], etc. base.decl = "ea-f" elseif rfind(stem, "i$") then -- [[signoria]], [[sinfonia]], [[paranoia]], etc. base.decl = "ia-f" elseif rfind(stem, "[ou]$") then -- [[stoa]], [[kongrua]], [[Samoa]], [[Nikaragua]], etc. base.decl = "oa-f" elseif not base.persname and rfind(stem, "^.*[ňj]$") then -- [[maracuja]], [[papája]], [[sója]]; [[piraňa]] etc. Also [[Keňa]], [[Troja]]/[[Trója]], [[Amudarja]]. -- Not [[Táňa]], [[Darja]], which decline like [[gejša]], [[skica]], etc. (subtype of hard feminines). base.decl = "mixed-f" else base.decl = "hard-f" end elseif base.gender == "n" then if rfind(stem, "m$") then base.decl = "ma-n" else error("Lemma ending in -a and neuter must end in -ma") end end base.vowel_stem = stem return end local ending stem, ending = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*)ěnín$") if stem then if base.gender == "m" then base.decl = "ěnín-m" end base.vowel_stem = stem return end stem, ending = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*)enín$") if stem then if base.gender == "m" then base.decl = "enín-m" end base.vowel_stem = stem return end stem, ending = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*)ie$") if stem then if base.gender == "m" then base.decl = "ija-m" elseif base.gender == "f" then base.decl = "í-f" elseif base.gender == "n" then base.decl = "ie-n" end base.vowel_stem = stem return end stem, ending = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*)e$") if stem then if base.gender == "m" then if base.hard then -- -e be damned; e.g. [[Sofokles]] with hard stem 'Sofokle-' (genitive 'Sofoklea', dative 'Sofokleovi', etc.) base.nonvowel_stem = base.lemma base.decl = "hard-m" return elseif rfind(stem, "i") then -- [[zombie]], [[hippie]], [[yuppie]], [[rowdie]] base.decl = "ie-m" return end elseif base.gender == "f" then base.decl = "e-f" else if base.tstem then base.decl = "e-tstem-n" else base.decl = "soft-n" end end base.vowel_stem = stem return end stem, ending = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*)ě$") if stem then if base.gender == "m" then base.decl = "ě-m" elseif base.gender == "f" then base.decl = "soft-f" else if base.nstem then base.decl = "n-n" else stem = com.onlyndt(stem) base.decl = "tstem-n" end end base.vowel_stem = stem return end stem = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*)o$") if stem then if base.gender == "m" then -- Cf. [[maestro]] m. base.decl = "o-m" elseif base.gender == "f" then -- [[zoo]]; [[Žemaitsko]]? error("Feminine nouns in -o are indeclinable; use '.indecl' if needed") elseif base.hard then base.decl = "hard-n" elseif rfind(stem, "[aeiuy]$") then -- These have gen pl in -í and often other soft plural endings. base.decl = "semisoft-n" else base.decl = "hard-n" end base.vowel_stem = stem return end stem = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*[iy])$") if stem then if base.gender == "m" then base.decl = "i-m" elseif base.gender == "f" then if base.soft then -- [[Uruguay]], [[Paraguay]] base.decl = "soft-f" else -- [[máti]], [[pramáti]]; note also indeclinable [[tsunami]]/[[cunami]], [[okapi]] if base.istem then base.decl = "istem-f" elseif base.rstem then base.decl = "r-f" else base.decl = "i-f" end if stem:find("i$") then stem = stem:gsub("i$", "") else error("Feminine nouns in -y are either soft or indeclinable; use '.soft' or '.indecl' as needed") end end else error("Neuter nouns in -i are indeclinable; use '.indecl' if needed") end base.vowel_stem = stem return end stem = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*u)$") if stem then if base.gender == "m" then -- Cf. [[emu]], [[guru]], etc. base.decl = "u-m" elseif base.gender == "f" then -- Only one I know is [[budižkničemu]], which is indeclinable in the singular and declines in the plural as -- if written 'budižkničema'. error("Feminine nouns in -u are indeclinable; use '.indecl' if needed") else error("Neuter nouns in -u are indeclinable; use '.indecl' if needed") end base.vowel_stem = stem return end stem = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*)í$") if stem then if base.gender == "m" then if base.ija then base.decl = "ija-m" else base.decl = "ijo-m" end elseif base.gender == "f" then base.decl = "í-f" else base.decl = "í-n" end base.vowel_stem = stem return end stem = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*)é$") if stem then if base.gender == "m" then base.decl = "é-m" elseif base.gender == "f" then base.decl = "é-f" else base.decl = "é-n" end base.vowel_stem = stem return end stem = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*" .. com.cons_c .. ")$") if stem then if base.gender == "m" then if base.tstem then stem = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*)et$") base.decl = "tstem-m" elseif base.ustem then base.decl = "u-m" elseif base.nstem then base.decl = "n-m" elseif base.hard then base.decl = "hard-m" elseif base.soft then base.decl = "soft-m" elseif base.mixed then base.decl = "mixed-m" elseif rfind(base.lemma, com.inherently_soft_c .. "$") or rfind(base.lemma, "tel$") then base.decl = "soft-m" elseif base.istem or rfind(base.lemma, "st$") then base.decl = "istem-m" else base.decl = "hard-m" end elseif base.gender == "f" then if base.soft then base.decl = "cons-f" elseif base.vstem or rfind(base.lemma, "ev$") then base.decl = "v-f" stem = rmatch(stem, "(.*)ev$") else base.decl = "istem-f" end elseif base.gender == "n" then if base.foreign then stem = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*)um$") or rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*)on$") if not stem then error("Unrecognized neuter foreign ending, should be -um or -on") end if base.hard then base.decl = "hard-n" elseif rfind(stem, "[eiuy]$") then base.decl = "semisoft-n" else base.decl = "hard-n" end -- set the lemma here as if decllemma: were given base.lemma = stem .. "o" base.vowel_stem = stem return else error("Neuter nouns ending in a consonant should use '.foreign' or '.decllemma:...'") end end base.nonvowel_stem = stem return end error("Unrecognized ending for lemma: '" .. base.lemma .. "'") end -- Determine the default value for the 'reducible' flag. local function determine_default_reducible(base) -- Nouns in vowels other than -a/o as well as masculine nouns ending in all vowels don't have null endings so not -- reducible. Note, we are never called on adjectival nouns. if rfind(base.lemma, "[iyuíeě]$") or base.gender == "m" and rfind(base.lemma, "[ao]$") or base.tstem then base.default_reducible = false return end local stem stem = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*" .. com.cons_c .. ")$") if stem then -- When analyzing existing manual declensions in -ec and -ek, 290 were reducible vs. 23 non-reducible. Of these -- 23, 15 were monosyllabic (and none of the 290 reducible nouns were monosyllabic) -- and two of these were -- actually reducible but irregularly: [[švec]] "shoemaker" (gen sg 'ševce') and [[žnec]] "reaper (person)" -- (gen sg. 'žence'). Of the remaining 8 multisyllabic non-reducible words, two were actually reducible but -- irregularly: [[stařec]] "old man" (gen sg 'starce') and [[tkadlec]] "weaver" (gen sg 'tkalce'). The remaining -- six consisted of 5 compounds of monosyllabic words: [[dotek]], [[oblek]], [[kramflek]], [[pucflek]], -- [[pokec]], plus [[česnek]], which should be reducible but would lead to an impossible consonant cluster. if base.gender == "m" and rfind(stem, "e[ck]$") and not com.is_monosyllabic(stem) then base.default_reducible = true elseif base.gender == "f" and rfind(stem, "eň$") then -- [[pochodeň]] "torch", [[píseň]] "leather", [[žeň]] "harvest"; not [[reveň]] "rhubarb" or [[dřeň]] "pulp", -- which need an override. base.default_reducible = true else base.default_reducible = false end return end if base.number == "sg" then base.default_reducible = false return end if rfind(base.lemma, "isko$") then -- e.g. [[středisko]] base.default_reducible = "mixed" return end stem = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*)" .. com.vowel_c .. "$") if not stem then error(("Internal error: Something wrong, lemma '%s' doesn't end in consonant or vowel"):format(base.lemma)) end -- Substitute 'ch' with a single character to make the following code simpler. stem = stem:gsub("ch", com.TEMP_CH) if rfind(stem, com.cons_c .. "[lr]" .. com.cons_c .. "$") then -- [[vrba]], [[vlha]]; not reducible. (But note [[jablko]], reducible; needs override.) base.default_reducible = false elseif not base.foreign and (rfind(stem, com.cons_c .. "[bkhlrmnv]$") or base.c_as_k and rfind(stem, com.cons_c .. "c$")) then -- [[ayahuasca]] has gen pl 'ayahuasek' base.default_reducible = true elseif base.foreign and rfind(stem, com.cons_c .. "r$") then -- Foreign nouns in -CCum seem generally non-reducible in the gen pl except for those in -Crum like [[centrum]], -- Examples: [[album]], [[verbum]], [[signum]], [[interregnum]], [[sternum]]. [[infernum]] has gen pl 'infern/inferen'. base.default_reducible = true else base.default_reducible = false end end -- Determine the stems to use for each stem set: vowel and nonvowel stems, for singular -- and plural. We assume that one of base.vowel_stem or base.nonvowel_stem has been -- set in determine_declension(), depending on whether the lemma ends in -- a vowel. We construct all the rest given the reducibility, vowel alternation spec and -- any explicit stems given. We store the determined stems inside of the stem-set objects -- in `base.stem_sets`, meaning that if the user gave multiple reducible or vowel-alternation -- patterns, we will compute multiple sets of stems. The reason is that the stems may vary -- depending on the reducibility and vowel alternation. local function determine_stems(base) if not base.stem_sets then base.stem_sets = {{}} end -- Set default reducible and check for default mixed reducible, which needs to be expanded into two entries. local default_mixed_reducible = false for _, stems in ipairs(base.stem_sets) do if stems.reducible == nil then stems.reducible = base.default_reducible end if stems.reducible == "mixed" then default_mixed_reducible = true end end if default_mixed_reducible then local new_stem_sets = {} for _, stems in ipairs(base.stem_sets) do if stems.reducible == "mixed" then local non_reducible_copy = m_table.shallowcopy(stems) non_reducible_copy.reducible = false stems.reducible = true table.insert(new_stem_sets, stems) table.insert(new_stem_sets, non_reducible_copy) else table.insert(new_stem_sets, stems) end end base.stem_sets = new_stem_sets end -- Now determine all the stems for each stem set. for _, stems in ipairs(base.stem_sets) do local lemma_is_vowel_stem = not not base.vowel_stem if base.vowel_stem then stems.vowel_stem = base.vowel_stem stems.nonvowel_stem = stems.vowel_stem -- Apply vowel alternation first in cases like jádro -> jader; apply_vowel_alternation() will throw an error -- if the vowel being modified isn't the last vowel in the stem. stems.oblique_nonvowel_stem = com.apply_vowel_alternation(stems.vowelalt, stems.nonvowel_stem) if stems.reducible then stems.nonvowel_stem = dereduce(base, stems.nonvowel_stem) stems.oblique_nonvowel_stem = dereduce(base, stems.oblique_nonvowel_stem) end else stems.nonvowel_stem = base.nonvowel_stem -- The user specified #, #ě, ## or ##ě and we're dealing with a term like masculine [[bůh]] or feminine -- [[sůl]] that ends in a consonant. In this case, all slots except the nom_s and maybe acc_s have vowel -- alternation. if stems.oblique_slots then stems.oblique_slots = "all" end stems.oblique_nonvowel_stem = com.apply_vowel_alternation(stems.vowelalt, stems.nonvowel_stem) if stems.reducible then stems.vowel_stem = com.reduce(base.nonvowel_stem) if not stems.vowel_stem then error("Unable to reduce stem '" .. base.nonvowel_stem .. "'") end else stems.vowel_stem = base.nonvowel_stem end end stems.oblique_vowel_stem = com.apply_vowel_alternation(stems.vowelalt, stems.vowel_stem) end end local function detect_indicator_spec(base) if base.pron then determine_pronoun_stems(base) elseif base.det then determine_determiner_stems(base) elseif base.num then determine_numeral_stems(base) elseif base.adj then process_declnumber(base) synthesize_adj_lemma(base) elseif base.manual then if base.stem_sets then -- FIXME, maybe this should be allowed? error("Reducible and vowel alternation specs cannot be given with manual declensions") end base.stem_sets = {{reducible = false, vowel_stem = "", nonvowel_stem = ""}} base.decl = "manual" else if base.number == "pl" then synthesize_singular_lemma(base) end determine_declension(base) determine_default_reducible(base) determine_stems(base) end end local function detect_all_indicator_specs(alternant_multiword_spec) -- Keep track of all genders seen in the singular and plural so we can determine whether to add the term to -- [[:Category:Czech nouns that change gender in the plural]]. alternant_multiword_spec.sg_genders = {} alternant_multiword_spec.pl_genders = {} iut.map_word_specs(alternant_multiword_spec, function(base) detect_indicator_spec(base) if base.number ~= "pl" then alternant_multiword_spec.sg_genders[base.actual_gender] = true end if base.number ~= "sg" then -- All t-stem masculines are neuter in the plural. local plgender plgender = base.actual_gender alternant_multiword_spec.pl_genders[plgender] = true end end) if (alternant_multiword_spec.saw_pron and 1 or 0) + (alternant_multiword_spec.saw_det and 1 or 0) + (alternant_multiword_spec.saw_num and 1 or 0) > 1 then error("Can't combine pronouns, determiners and/or numerals") end end local propagate_multiword_properties local function propagate_alternant_properties(alternant_spec, property, mixed_value, nouns_only) local seen_property for _, multiword_spec in ipairs(alternant_spec.alternants) do propagate_multiword_properties(multiword_spec, property, mixed_value, nouns_only) if seen_property == nil then seen_property = multiword_spec[property] elseif multiword_spec[property] and seen_property ~= multiword_spec[property] then seen_property = mixed_value end end alternant_spec[property] = seen_property end propagate_multiword_properties = function(multiword_spec, property, mixed_value, nouns_only) local seen_property = nil local last_seen_nounal_pos = 0 local word_specs = multiword_spec.alternant_or_word_specs or multiword_spec.word_specs for i = 1, #word_specs do local is_nounal if word_specs[i].alternants then propagate_alternant_properties(word_specs[i], property, mixed_value) is_nounal = not not word_specs[i][property] elseif nouns_only then is_nounal = is_regular_noun(word_specs[i]) else is_nounal = not not word_specs[i][property] end if is_nounal then if not word_specs[i][property] then error("Internal error: noun-type word spec without " .. property .. " set") end for j = last_seen_nounal_pos + 1, i - 1 do word_specs[j][property] = word_specs[j][property] or word_specs[i][property] end last_seen_nounal_pos = i if seen_property == nil then seen_property = word_specs[i][property] elseif seen_property ~= word_specs[i][property] then seen_property = mixed_value end end end if last_seen_nounal_pos > 0 then for i = last_seen_nounal_pos + 1, #word_specs do word_specs[i][property] = word_specs[i][property] or word_specs[last_seen_nounal_pos][property] end end multiword_spec[property] = seen_property end local function propagate_properties_downward(alternant_multiword_spec, property, default_propval) local function set_and_fetch(obj, default) local retval if obj[property] then retval = obj[property] else obj[property] = default retval = default end if not obj["actual_" .. property] then obj["actual_" .. property] = retval end return retval end local propval1 = set_and_fetch(alternant_multiword_spec, default_propval) for _, alternant_or_word_spec in ipairs(alternant_multiword_spec.alternant_or_word_specs) do local propval2 = set_and_fetch(alternant_or_word_spec, propval1) if alternant_or_word_spec.alternants then for _, multiword_spec in ipairs(alternant_or_word_spec.alternants) do local propval3 = set_and_fetch(multiword_spec, propval2) for _, word_spec in ipairs(multiword_spec.word_specs) do local propval4 = set_and_fetch(word_spec, propval3) if propval4 == "mixed" then -- FIXME, use clearer error message. error("Attempt to assign mixed " .. property .. " to word") end set_and_fetch(word_spec, propval4) end end else if propval2 == "mixed" then -- FIXME, use clearer error message. error("Attempt to assign mixed " .. property .. " to word") end set_and_fetch(alternant_or_word_spec, propval2) end end end --[=[ Propagate `property` (one of "animacy", "gender" or "number") from nouns to adjacent adjectives. We proceed as follows: 1. We assume the properties in question are already set on all nouns. This should happen in set_defaults_and_check_bad_indicators(). 2. We first propagate properties upwards and sideways. We recurse downwards from the top. When we encounter a multiword spec, we proceed left to right looking for a noun. When we find a noun, we fetch its property (recursing if the noun is an alternant), and propagate it to any adjectives to its left, up to the next noun to the left. When we have processed the last noun, we also propagate its property value to any adjectives to the right (to handle e.g. [[anděl strážný]] "guardian angel", where the adjective [[strážný]] should inherit the 'masculine' and 'animate' properties of [[anděl]]). Finally, we set the property value for the multiword spec itself by combining all the non-nil properties of the individual elements. If all non-nil properties have the same value, the result is that value, otherwise it is `mixed_value` (which is "mixed" for animacy and gender, but "allthree" for number). 3. When we encounter an alternant spec in this process, we recursively process each alternant (which is a multiword spec) using the previous step, and combine any non-nil properties we encounter the same way as for multiword specs. 4. The effect of steps 2 and 3 is to set the property of each alternant and multiword spec based on its children or its neighbors. ]=] local function propagate_properties(alternant_multiword_spec, property, default_propval, mixed_value) propagate_multiword_properties(alternant_multiword_spec, property, mixed_value, "nouns only") propagate_multiword_properties(alternant_multiword_spec, property, mixed_value, false) propagate_properties_downward(alternant_multiword_spec, property, default_propval) end local function determine_noun_status(alternant_multiword_spec) for i, alternant_or_word_spec in ipairs(alternant_multiword_spec.alternant_or_word_specs) do if alternant_or_word_spec.alternants then local is_noun = false for _, multiword_spec in ipairs(alternant_or_word_spec.alternants) do for j, word_spec in ipairs(multiword_spec.word_specs) do if is_regular_noun(word_spec) then multiword_spec.first_noun = j is_noun = true break end end end if is_noun then alternant_multiword_spec.first_noun = i end elseif is_regular_noun(alternant_or_word_spec) then alternant_multiword_spec.first_noun = i return end end end -- Set the part of speech based on properties of the individual words. local function set_pos(alternant_multiword_spec) if alternant_multiword_spec.args.pos then alternant_multiword_spec.pos = alternant_multiword_spec.args.pos elseif alternant_multiword_spec.saw_pron and not alternant_multiword_spec.saw_non_pron then alternant_multiword_spec.pos = "固有名詞" elseif alternant_multiword_spec.saw_det and not alternant_multiword_spec.saw_non_det then alternant_multiword_spec.pos = "限定詞" elseif alternant_multiword_spec.saw_num and not alternant_multiword_spec.saw_non_num then alternant_multiword_spec.pos = "数詞" else alternant_multiword_spec.pos = "名詞" end alternant_multiword_spec.plpos = require("モジュール:string utilities").pluralize(alternant_multiword_spec.pos) end local function normalize_all_lemmas(alternant_multiword_spec, pagename) iut.map_word_specs(alternant_multiword_spec, function(base) if base.lemma == "" then base.lemma = pagename end base.orig_lemma = base.lemma base.orig_lemma_no_links = m_links.remove_links(base.lemma) local lemma = base.orig_lemma_no_links -- If the lemma is all-uppercase, lowercase it but note this, so that later in combine_stem_ending() we convert it -- back to uppercase. This allows us to handle all-uppercase acronyms without a lot of extra complexity. -- FIXME: This may not make sense at all. if uupper(lemma) == lemma then base.all_uppercase = true lemma = ulower(lemma) end base.actual_lemma = lemma base.lemma = base.decllemma or lemma end) end local function decline_noun(base) for _, stems in ipairs(base.stem_sets) do if not decls[base.decl] then error("内部エラー: 不明な活用型 '" .. base.decl .. "'") end decls[base.decl](base, stems) end handle_derived_slots_and_overrides(base) local function copy(from_slot, to_slot) base.forms[to_slot] = base.forms[from_slot] end copy("nom_d", "acc_d") copy("nom_d", "voc_d") copy("gen_d", "loc_d") copy("dat_d", "ins_d") if base.actual_number ~= base.number then local source_num = base.number == "sg" and "_s" or base.number == "du" and "_d" or "_p" local dest_num = base.number == "sg" and {"_p", "_d"} or base.number == "du" and {"_s", "_p"} or {"_s", "_d"} for case, _ in pairs(cases) do copy(case .. source_num, case .. dest_num) copy("nom" .. source_num .. "_linked", "nom" .. dest_num .. "_linked") end if base.actual_number ~= "allthree" then local erase_num = base.actual_number == "sg" and {"_d", "_p"} or base.actual_number == "du" and {"_s", "_p"} or {"_s", "_d"} for case, _ in pairs(cases) do base.forms[case .. erase_num] = nil end base.forms["nom" .. erase_num .. "_linked"] = nil end end end local function get_variants(form) return nil --[=[ FIXME return form:find(com.VAR1) and "var1" or form:find(com.VAR2) and "var2" or form:find(com.VAR3) and "var3" or nil ]=] end -- Compute the categories to add the noun to, as well as the annotation to display in the -- declension title bar. We combine the code to do these functions as both categories and -- title bar contain similar information. local function compute_categories_and_annotation(alternant_multiword_spec) local all_cats = {} local function insert(cattype) m_table.insertIfNot(all_cats, "Old Czech " .. cattype) end if alternant_multiword_spec.pos == "noun" then if alternant_multiword_spec.actual_number == "sg" then insert("不可算名詞") elseif alternant_multiword_spec.actual_number == "du" then insert("絶対双数") elseif alternant_multiword_spec.actual_number == "pl" then insert("絶対複数") end end local annotation local annparts = {} local decldescs = {} local vowelalts = {} local foreign = {} local irregs = {} local stemspecs = {} local reducible = nil local function get_genanim(gender, animacy) local gender_code_to_desc = { m = "masculine", f = "feminine", n = "neuter", none = nil, } local animacy_code_to_desc = { pr = "personal", anml = "animal", inan = "inanimate", none = nil, } local descs = {} table.insert(descs, gender_code_to_desc[gender]) if gender ~= "f" and gender ~= "n" then -- masculine or "none" (e.g. certain pronouns and numerals) table.insert(descs, animacy_code_to_desc[animacy]) end return table.concat(descs, " ") end local function trim(text) text = text:gsub(" +", " ") return mw.text.trim(text) end local function do_word_spec(base) local actual_genanim = get_genanim(base.actual_gender, base.actual_animacy) local declined_genanim = get_genanim(base.gender, base.animacy) local genanim if accatual_genanim ~= declined_genanim then genanim = ("%s (declined as %s)"):format(actual_genanim, declined_genanim) insert("nouns with actual gender different from declined gender") else genanim = actual_genanim end if base.actual_gender == "m" then -- Insert a category for 'Czech masculine animate nouns' or 'Czech masculine inanimate nouns'; the base categories -- [[:Category:Czech masculine nouns]], [[:Czech animate nouns]] are auto-inserted. insert(actual_genanim .. " " .. alternant_multiword_spec.plpos) end for _, stems in ipairs(base.stem_sets) do local props = declprops[base.decl] local cats = props.cat if type(cats) == "function" then cats = cats(base, stems) end if type(cats) == "string" then cats = {cats} end local default_desc for i, cat in ipairs(cats) do if not cat:find("GENDER") and not cat:find("GENPOS") and not cat:find("POS") then cat = cat end cat = cat:gsub("GENPOS", "GENDER POS") if not cat:find("POS") then cat = cat .. " POS" end if i == #cats then default_desc = cat:gsub(" POS", "") end cat = cat:gsub("GENDER", actual_genanim) cat = cat:gsub("POS", alternant_multiword_spec.plpos) -- Need to trim `cat` because actual_genanim may be an empty string. insert(trim(cat)) end local desc = props.desc if type(desc) == "function" then desc = desc(base, stems) end desc = desc or default_desc desc = desc:gsub("GENDER", genanim) -- Need to trim `desc` because genanim may be an empty string. m_table.insertIfNot(decldescs, trim(desc)) local vowelalt if stems.vowelalt == "quant" then vowelalt = "quant-alt" insert("nouns with quantitative vowel alternation") elseif stems.vowelalt == "quant-ě" then vowelalt = "í-ě-alt" insert("nouns with í-ě alternation") end if vowelalt then m_table.insertIfNot(vowelalts, vowelalt) end if reducible == nil then reducible = stems.reducible elseif reducible ~= stems.reducible then reducible = "mixed" end if stems.reducible then insert("nouns with reducible stem") end if base.foreign then m_table.insertIfNot(foreign, "foreign") if not base.decllemma then -- NOTE: there are nouns that use both 'foreign' and 'decllemma', e.g. [[Zeus]]. insert("nouns with regular foreign declension") end end -- User-specified 'decllemma:' indicates irregular stem. Don't consider foreign nouns in -us/-os/-es, -um/-on or -- silent -e (e.g. [[software]]) where this ending is simply dropped in oblique and plural forms as irregular; -- there are too many of these and they are already categorized above as 'nouns with regular foreign declension'. if base.decllemma then m_table.insertIfNot(irregs, "irreg-stem") insert("nouns with irregular stem") end m_table.insertIfNot(stemspecs, stems.vowel_stem) end end local key_entry = alternant_multiword_spec.first_noun or 1 if #alternant_multiword_spec.alternant_or_word_specs >= key_entry then local alternant_or_word_spec = alternant_multiword_spec.alternant_or_word_specs[key_entry] if alternant_or_word_spec.alternants then for _, multiword_spec in ipairs(alternant_or_word_spec.alternants) do key_entry = multiword_spec.first_noun or 1 if #multiword_spec.word_specs >= key_entry then do_word_spec(multiword_spec.word_specs[key_entry]) end end else do_word_spec(alternant_or_word_spec) end end if alternant_multiword_spec.actual_number == "sg" or alternant_multiword_spec.actual_number == "pl" or alternant_multiword_spec.actual_number == "du" then -- not "allthree" or "none" (for [[sebe]]) table.insert(annparts, alternant_multiword_spec.actual_number == "sg" and "sg-only" or alternant_multiword_spec.actual_number == "du" and "du-only" or "pl-only") end if #decldescs == 0 then table.insert(annparts, "indecl") else table.insert(annparts, table.concat(decldescs, " // ")) end if #vowelalts > 0 then table.insert(annparts, table.concat(vowelalts, "/")) end if reducible == "mixed" then table.insert(annparts, "mixed-reducible") elseif reducible then table.insert(annparts, "reducible") end if #foreign > 0 then table.insert(annparts, table.concat(foreign, " // ")) end if #irregs > 0 then table.insert(annparts, table.concat(irregs, " // ")) end alternant_multiword_spec.annotation = table.concat(annparts, " ") if #stemspecs > 1 then insert("nouns with multiple stems") end if alternant_multiword_spec.actual_number == "allthree" and not m_table.deepEquals(alternant_multiword_spec.sg_genders, alternant_multiword_spec.pl_genders) then insert("nouns that change gender in the plural") end alternant_multiword_spec.categories = all_cats end local function show_forms(alternant_multiword_spec) local lemmas = {} for _, slot in ipairs(potential_lemma_slots) do if alternant_multiword_spec.forms[slot] then for _, formobj in ipairs(alternant_multiword_spec.forms[slot]) do -- FIXME, now can support footnotes as qualifiers in headwords? table.insert(lemmas, formobj.form) end break end end local props = { lemmas = lemmas, slot_table = alternant_multiword_spec.output_noun_slots, lang = lang, canonicalize = function(form) -- return com.remove_variant_codes(form) return form end, } iut.show_forms(alternant_multiword_spec.forms, props) end local function make_table(alternant_multiword_spec) local forms = alternant_multiword_spec.forms local function template_prelude(min_width) return rsub([=[ <div> <div class="NavFrame" style="display: inline-block; min-width: MINWIDTHem"> <div class="NavHead" style="background:#eff7ff">{title}{annotation}</div> <div class="NavContent"> {\op}| style="background:#F9F9F9;text-align:center;min-width:MINWIDTHem" class="inflection-table" |- ]=], "MINWIDTH", min_width) end local function template_postlude() return [=[ |{\cl}{notes_clause} This table shows the most common forms around the 13th century. <br> See also [[Appendix:Old Czech nouns]] and [[Appendix:Old Czech pronunciation]].</div></div></div>]=] end local table_spec_allthree = template_prelude("45") .. [=[ ! style="width:33%;background:#d9ebff" | ! style="background:#d9ebff" | singular ! style="background:#d9ebff" | dual ! style="background:#d9ebff" | plural |- !style="background:#eff7ff"|nominative | {nom_s} | {nom_d} | {nom_p} |- !style="background:#eff7ff"|genitive | {gen_s} | {gen_d} | {gen_p} |- !style="background:#eff7ff"|dative | {dat_s} | {dat_d} | {dat_p} |- !style="background:#eff7ff"|accusative | {acc_s} | {acc_d} | {acc_p} |- !style="background:#eff7ff"|vocative | {voc_s} | {voc_d} | {voc_p} |- !style="background:#eff7ff"|locative | {loc_s} | {loc_d} | {loc_p} |- !style="background:#eff7ff"|instrumental | {ins_s} | {ins_d} | {ins_p} ]=] .. template_postlude() local function get_table_spec_one_number(number, numcode) local table_spec_one_number = [=[ ! style="width:33%;background:#d9ebff" | ! style="background:#d9ebff" | NUMBER |- !style="background:#eff7ff"|nominative | {nom_CODE} |- !style="background:#eff7ff"|genitive | {gen_CODE} |- !style="background:#eff7ff"|dative | {dat_CODE} |- !style="background:#eff7ff"|accusative | {acc_CODE} |- !style="background:#eff7ff"|vocative | {voc_CODE} |- !style="background:#eff7ff"|locative | {loc_CODE} |- !style="background:#eff7ff"|instrumental | {ins_CODE} ]=] return template_prelude("30") .. table_spec_one_number:gsub("NUMBER", number):gsub("CODE", numcode) .. template_postlude() end local function get_table_spec_one_number_clitic(number, numcode) local table_spec_one_number_clitic = [=[ ! rowspan=2 style="width:33%;background:#d9ebff"| ! colspan=2 style="background:#d9ebff" | NUMBER |- ! style="width:33%;background:#d9ebff" | stressed ! style="background:#d9ebff" | clitic |- !style="background:#eff7ff"|nominative | colspan=2 | {nom_CODE} |- !style="background:#eff7ff"|genitive | {gen_CODE} | {clitic_gen_CODE} |- !style="background:#eff7ff"|dative | {dat_CODE} | {clitic_dat_CODE} |- !style="background:#eff7ff"|accusative | {acc_CODE} | {clitic_acc_CODE} |- !style="background:#eff7ff"|vocative | colspan=2 | {voc_CODE} |- !style="background:#eff7ff"|locative | colspan=2 | {loc_CODE} |- !style="background:#eff7ff"|instrumental | colspan=2 | {ins_CODE} ]=] return template_prelude("40") .. table_spec_one_number_clitic:gsub("NUMBER", number):gsub("CODE", numcode) .. template_postlude() end local notes_template = [=[ <div style="width:100%;text-align:left;background:#d9ebff"> <div style="display:inline-block;text-align:left;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em"> {footnote} </div></div> ]=] if alternant_multiword_spec.title then forms.title = alternant_multiword_spec.title else forms.title = 'Declension of <i lang="zlw-ocs">' .. forms.lemma .. '</i>' end local annotation = alternant_multiword_spec.annotation if annotation == "" then forms.annotation = "" else forms.annotation = " (<span style=\"font-size: smaller;\">" .. annotation .. "</span>)" end local number, numcode if alternant_multiword_spec.actual_number == "sg" then number, numcode = "singular", "s" elseif alternant_multiword_spec.actual_number == "du" then number, numcode = "dual", "d" elseif alternant_multiword_spec.actual_number == "pl" then number, numcode = "plural", "p" elseif alternant_multiword_spec.actual_number == "none" then -- used for [[sebe]] number, numcode = "", "s" end local table_spec = alternant_multiword_spec.actual_number == "allthree" and table_spec_allthree or alternant_multiword_spec.has_clitic and get_table_spec_one_number_clitic(number, numcode) or get_table_spec_one_number(number, numcode) forms.notes_clause = forms.footnote ~= "" and m_string_utilities.format(notes_template, forms) or "" return m_string_utilities.format(table_spec, forms) end local function compute_headword_genders(alternant_multiword_spec) local genders = {} local number if alternant_multiword_spec.actual_number == "pl" then number = "-p" elseif alternant_multiword_spec.actual_number == "du" then number = "-d" else number = "" end iut.map_word_specs(alternant_multiword_spec, function(base) local animacy = base.animacy if animacy == "inan" then animacy = "in" end m_table.insertIfNot(genders, base.gender .. "-" .. animacy .. number) end) return genders end -- Externally callable function to parse and decline a noun given user-specified arguments. -- Return value is ALTERNANT_MULTIWORD_SPEC, an object where the declined forms are in -- `ALTERNANT_MULTIWORD_SPEC.forms` for each slot. If there are no values for a slot, the -- slot key will be missing. The value for a given slot is a list of objects -- {form=FORM, footnotes=FOOTNOTES}. function export.do_generate_forms(parent_args, from_headword) local params = { [1] = {required = true, default = "bóh<m.an.#>"}, title = {}, pagename = {}, json = {type = "boolean"}, pos = {}, } if from_headword then params["head"] = {list = true} params["lemma"] = {list = true} params["g"] = {list = true} params["f"] = {list = true} params["m"] = {list = true} params["adj"] = {list = true} params["dim"] = {list = true} params["id"] = {} end local args = m_para.process(parent_args, params) local parse_props = { parse_indicator_spec = parse_indicator_spec, angle_brackets_omittable = true, allow_blank_lemma = true, } local alternant_multiword_spec = iut.parse_inflected_text(args[1], parse_props) alternant_multiword_spec.title = args.title alternant_multiword_spec.args = args local pagename = args.pagename or from_headword and args.head[1] or mw.title.getCurrentTitle().subpageText normalize_all_lemmas(alternant_multiword_spec, pagename) set_all_defaults_and_check_bad_indicators(alternant_multiword_spec) -- These need to happen before detect_all_indicator_specs() so that adjectives get their genders and numbers set -- appropriately, which are needed to correctly synthesize the adjective lemma. propagate_properties(alternant_multiword_spec, "animacy", "inan", "mixed") propagate_properties(alternant_multiword_spec, "number", "allthree", "allthree") -- FIXME, the default value (third param) used to be 'm' with a comment indicating that this applied only to -- plural adjectives, where it didn't matter; but in Czech, plural adjectives are distinguished for gender and -- animacy. Make sure 'mixed' works. propagate_properties(alternant_multiword_spec, "gender", "mixed", "mixed") detect_all_indicator_specs(alternant_multiword_spec) -- Propagate 'actual_number' after calling detect_all_indicator_specs(), which sets 'actual_number' for adjectives. propagate_properties(alternant_multiword_spec, "actual_number", "allthree", "allthree") determine_noun_status(alternant_multiword_spec) set_pos(alternant_multiword_spec) alternant_multiword_spec.output_noun_slots = get_output_noun_slots(alternant_multiword_spec) local inflect_props = { skip_slot = function(slot) return skip_slot(alternant_multiword_spec.actual_number, slot) end, slot_table = alternant_multiword_spec.output_noun_slots, get_variants = get_variants, inflect_word_spec = decline_noun, } iut.inflect_multiword_or_alternant_multiword_spec(alternant_multiword_spec, inflect_props) compute_categories_and_annotation(alternant_multiword_spec) alternant_multiword_spec.genders = compute_headword_genders(alternant_multiword_spec) if args.json then alternant_multiword_spec.args = nil return require("Module:JSON").toJSON(alternant_multiword_spec) end return alternant_multiword_spec end -- Entry point for {{zlw-ocs-ndecl}}. Template-callable function to parse and decline a noun given -- user-specified arguments and generate a displayable table of the declined forms. function export.show(frame) local parent_args = frame:getParent().args local alternant_multiword_spec = export.do_generate_forms(parent_args) if type(alternant_multiword_spec) == "string" then -- JSON return value return alternant_multiword_spec end show_forms(alternant_multiword_spec) return make_table(alternant_multiword_spec) .. require("モジュール:utilities").format_categories(alternant_multiword_spec.categories, lang, nil, nil, force_cat) end return export jzr27prr93ch8tdzm871oo1908r1eqi 0 441990 2292739 1850938 2026-07-03T20:54:06Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292739 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|ca}} {{m|la|aemulārī}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} * {{homophones|lang=ca|emulà}} * {{rhymes|a(ɾ)}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|emul}} #{{context|transitive|lang=ca}}{{おくりがな3|真|ま||似|ね|る|まねる}}、{{おくりがな3|見|み||習|なら|う|みならう}}。 #{{context|transitive|lang=ca}}{{おくりがな2|競|きそ|わ|きそう}}せる。 #{{context|transitive|computing|lang=ca}}[[エミュレート]]する。 {{ca-conj-ar|emul}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|ca|emulació}} * {{l|ca|emulador}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|es}} {{m|la|aemulārī}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #{{context|transitive|lang=es}}{{おくりがな3|真|ま||似|ね|る|まねる}}、{{おくりがな3|見|み||習|なら|う|みならう}}。 #{{context|transitive|lang=es}}{{おくりがな2|競|きそ|わ|きそう}}せる。 #{{context|transitive|computing|lang=es}}[[エミュレート]]する。 {{es-conj-ar|emul}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|emulación}} * {{l|es|emulador}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|pt|la|aemulārī}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #{{context|transitive|lang=pt}}{{おくりがな3|真|ま||似|ね|る|まねる}}、{{おくりがな3|見|み||習|なら|う|みならう}}。 #{{context|transitive|lang=pt}}{{おくりがな2|競|きそ|わ|きそう}}せる。 #{{context|transitive|computing|lang=pt}}[[エミュレート]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|emulação}} * {{l|pt|emulador}} 9za6ce31p1rfiyfsw9rjjtu01wt46vf 0 442706 2292760 1852294 2026-07-03T21:01:21Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292760 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|gl}}== ==={{alter}}=== * {{l|gl|marmurar}} ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|roa-opt|gl}} {{m|roa-opt|murmurar}} < {{etyl|la|gl}} {{m|la|murmurāre}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{IPA|lang=gl|[muɾmuˈɾaɾ]}} ==={{verb}}=== {{gl-verb|murmur|ar}} #{{ふりがな|陰口|かげぐち}}を{{おくりがな2|叩|たた|く|たたく}}。 #{{おくりがな2|囁|ささや|く|ささやく}}、{{おくりがな2|呟|つぶや|く|つぶやく}}、[[不平]]を{{おくりがな2|言|い|う|いう}}。 {{gl-conj-ar|murmur}} ===={{syn}}==== * (語義1) {{l|gl|rexoubar}} * (語義2) {{l|gl|rosmar}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|gl|murmuración}} * {{l|gl|murmurador}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|gl|murmurio}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|osp|es}} {{m|osp|murmurar}} < {{etyl|la|es}} {{m|la|murmurāre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #{{context|transitive|lang=es}}{{おくりがな2|囁|ささや|く|ささやく}}、{{おくりがな2|呟|つぶや|く|つぶやく}}、[[不平]]を{{おくりがな2|言|い|う|いう}}。 #{{context|intransitive|lang=es}}呟く、不平を言う。 #{{context|intransitive|lang=es}}{{ふりがな|陰口|かげぐち}}を{{おくりがな2|叩|たた|く|たたく}}。 {{es-conj-ar|murmur}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|murmullo}} * {{l|es|murmurio}} * {{l|es|murmuración}} ==={{seealso}}=== * {{l|es|chismear}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|roa-opt|pt}} {{m|roa-opt|murmurar}} < {{etyl|la|pt}} {{m|la|murmurāre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA}} * {{hyphenation|mur|mu|rar}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #{{おくりがな2|囁|ささや|く|ささやく}}、{{おくりがな2|呟|つぶや|く|つぶやく}}、[[不平]]を{{おくりがな2|言|い|う|いう}}。 #{{ふりがな|漣|さざなみ}}が立つ。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|murmúrio|g=m}} bu5fob5th6qa1khk8ibwzv0dabdegg8 0 444289 2292762 1854850 2026-07-03T21:01:22Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292762 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|ca}} {{m|la|moderārī}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|moder}} #{{context|transitive|lang=ca}}{{おくりがな2|抑|おさ|える|おさえる}}、[[抑制]]する。 {{ca-conj-ar|moder}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|ca|moderació}} * {{l|ca|moderador}} * {{l|ca|moderat}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|es}} {{m|la|moderārī}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #{{context|transitive|lang=es}}{{おくりがな2|抑|おさ|える|おさえる}}、[[抑制]]する。 {{es-conj-ar|moder}} ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|es|templar}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|moderación}} * {{l|es|moderado}} * {{l|es|moderador}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|pt|la|moderārī}} ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA}} * {{hyph|pt|mo|de|rar}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #{{context|transitive|lang=pt}}{{おくりがな2|抑|おさ|える|おさえる}}、[[抑制]]する。 #{{context|transitive|lang=pt}}[[司会]]をする。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{syn}}==== * (語義1) {{l|pt|temperar}}, {{l|pt|regular}}, {{l|pt|controlar}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|moderação}} * {{l|pt|moderado}} * {{l|pt|moderador}} h1am2fx0tc3v83d38bxa22e27qqstui 0 444379 2292748 1855059 2026-07-03T20:59:21Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292748 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|io}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{head|io|verb form}} #[[inhibar]]の過去不定詞。 ---- =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|ca}} {{m|la|inhibēre}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} * {{rhymes|i(ɾ)|s=3}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ir|inhib}} #[[抑制]]する、[[阻止]]する、{{おくりがな2|控|ひか|える|ひかえる}}。 {{ca-conj-ir|inhib}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|ca|inhibició}} * {{l|ca|inhibidor}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|es}} {{m|la|inhibēre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #[[抑制]]する、[[阻止]]する、{{おくりがな2|控|ひか|える|ひかえる}}。 {{es-conj-ir|inhib}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|inhibición}} * {{l|es|inhibidor}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #[[inibir]]の廃用。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} mm5bu3eixyfpr63r7udzti7s42endgw 0 446328 2292671 2078751 2026-07-03T20:05:18Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292671 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ga}}== ==={{pron}}=== * {{IPA|lang=ga|[ˈxan̪ˠt̪ˠəɾˠ]}} ==={{verb}}=== {{head|ga|verb form}} #[[cantar]]の緩音化。 ---- =={{L|frp}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|frp}} {{m|la|cantāre}} ==={{verb}}=== {{head|frp|verb}} #{{おくりがな2|歌|うた|う|うたう}}。 {{frp-conj-ar|chant|chant|chant|chant|avêr}} ---- =={{L|oc}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{oc-verb|chant|ar}} #{{context|Auvergne|Guardiol|Limousin|Vivaro-Alpine|lang=oc}}[[cantar]]の異形。 {{oc-conj-ar|chant}} ---- =={{L|gl}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|roa-opt|gl}} {{m|roa-opt|chantar}} < {{etyl|la|gl}} {{m|la|plantāre}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{IPA|lang=gl|t͡ʃanˈtaɾ}} * {{hyphenation|chan|tar}} ==={{verb}}=== {{gl-verb|chant|ar}} #{{context|transitive|archaic|lang=gl}}{{おくりがな2|植|う|える|うえる}}。 #{{context|transitive|lang=gl}}[[しっかり]]と{{おくりがな2|立|た|てる|たてる}}。 #{{context|transitive|lang=gl}}{{おくりがな3|突|つ|き|刺|さ|す|つきさす}}。 #{{context|transitive|lang=gl}}{{おくりがな2|留|と|める|とめる}}、[[固定]]する。 #{{context|transitive|lang=gl}}{{おくりがな2|嚙|か|む|かむ}}。 #{{context|transitive|lang=gl}}[[柵]]で{{おくりがな3|仕|し||切|き|る|しきる}}。 {{gl-conj-ar|chant}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|gl|Chanta}} * {{l|gl|chantada}} * {{l|gl|Chantada}} * {{l|gl|Chantado}} * {{l|gl|Chanteiro}} * {{l|gl|Chantelos}} * {{l|gl|chanto}} * {{l|gl|Pedra Chantada}} * {{l|gl|Pedrachantada}} ---- =={{L|pro}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{head|pro|verb}} #[[cantar]]の異形。 ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #{{context|Chile|slang|lang=es}}{{おくりがな2|止|と|める|とめる}}。 #{{context|Chile|slang|sex|lang=es}}[[性交]]する。 {{es-conj-ar|chant}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{alter}}=== * {{l|pt|tanchar}} ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|roa-opt|pt}} {{m|roa-opt|chantar}} < {{etyl|la|pt}} {{m|la|plantāre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA}} * {{hyphenation|pt|chan|tar}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #{{context|transitive|lang=pt}}{{おくりがな2|植|う|える|うえる}}。 #{{context|informal|transitive|emを伴って|lang=pt}}{{おくりがな3|根|ね||付|づ|く|ねづく}}。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|pt|chantagem}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|chanta}} ---- =={{L|rm}}== ==={{alter}}=== * {{l|rm|cantar}} (スルシルヴァン、ストゥシルヴァン、スルミラン) * {{l|rm|chanter}} (プーター) ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|rm}} {{m|la|cantāre}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{IPA|lang=rm|[tʃanˈtar]}} ==={{verb}}=== {{rm-verb}} #{{context|Rumantsch Grischun|Vallader|lang=rm}}{{おくりがな2|歌|うた|う|うたう}}。 {{rm-conj/grischun|chant|ar}} 3uq1sq7frheplsybw58ktaw4qvuo0xj 0 448503 2292666 1862602 2026-07-03T20:05:16Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292666 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|ca|la|cōnfigūrāre}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|configur}} #{{context|transitive|lang=ca}}{{おくりがな3|形|かたち||作|づく|る|かたちづくる}}、[[構成]]する、[[設定]]する。 {{ca-conj-ar|configur}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|ca|configuració}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|es}} {{m|la|cōnfigūrāre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #{{context|transitive|lang=es}}{{おくりがな3|形|かたち||作|づく|る|かたちづくる}}、[[構成]]する、[[設定]]する。 {{es-conj-ar|configur}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|configuración}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|pt|la|cōnfigūrāre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA}} * {{hyph|pt|con|fi|gu|rar}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #{{context|transitive|lang=pt}}{{おくりがな3|形|かたち||作|づく|る|かたちづくる}}、[[構成]]する、[[設定]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|pt|configuração}} 9640vhon69zuazeug6bhg5g9to4oj6c 0 449870 2292562 2291818 2026-07-03T13:05:12Z うーむ 129171 /* 日本語 */ 2292562 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} {{also|ふじゆう|ふじゅう|ぶしゅう|ぶじゅう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{kangokana}}=== {{ja-kangokana}} {{ja-k|俘囚|t=俘虜。|hom=y}} {{ja-k|俘醜|t=虜。}} {{ja-k|俘執|t=捕らえること。}} {{ja-k|父執|t=父の友人。}} {{ja-k|腐臭|t=腐ったようなにおい。}} {{ja-k|浮舟|t=水に浮かぶ舟。フロート。}} {{ja-k|鳧舟|t=鴨の形の舟。鳧船。}} {{ja-k|桴檝|t=舟と楫。}} {{ja-k|俯拾|t=俯いて拾うこと。}} {{ja-k|俯就|t=下位の者の意見に耳を傾けること。|t2=俛就の異表記。}} {{ja-k|俛就|t=許すこと。}} {{ja-k|敷秀|t=繁栄。}} {{ja-k|斧繍|t=斧の形をした刺繍。}} {{ja-k|阜螽|t=蝗。}} {{ja-k|符祝|t=まじない。}} 1k0t1jujbhey53pj7zki4jhegs8lxh7 0 453780 2292786 1872769 2026-07-03T21:12:28Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292786 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|opór}} =={{L|gl}}== ==={{alter}}=== * {{l|gl|opoñer}} ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|gl}} {{m|la|oppōnere}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{IPA|lang=gl|[oˈpɔɾ]}} ==={{verb}}=== {{head|gl|verb}} #[[反対]]する。 {{gl-conj-er (por)|op}} ===={{rel}}==== {{top}} * {{l|gl|antepor}} * {{l|gl|apor}} * {{l|gl|compor}} * {{l|gl|contrapor}} * {{l|gl|depor}} * {{l|gl|descompor}} * {{l|gl|dispor}} * {{l|gl|expor}} * {{l|gl|impor}} * {{l|gl|indispor}} * {{l|gl|pór}} * {{l|gl|predispor}} * {{l|gl|presupor}} * {{l|gl|propor}} * {{l|gl|repor}} * {{l|gl|recompor}} * {{l|gl|supor}} * {{l|gl|superpor}} * {{l|gl|traspor}} * {{l|gl|xustapor}} {{bottom}} ---- =={{L|sh}}== ==={{pron}}=== * {{IPA|lang=sh|ôpor}} * {{hyphenation|o|por}} ==={{adjective}}=== {{sh-adjective|head=ȍpor|def=ȍporī|comp=oporiji}} #（味やにおいが）[[刺激]]のある。 #[[粗野]]な、[[下品]]な。 {{sh-adj-full|opor|o|oporij|e}} ---- =={{L|cs}}== ==={{pron}}=== * {{cs-IPA}} ==={{noun}}=== {{head|cs|noun form}} #[[opora]]の複数生格。 ---- =={{L|eu}}== ==={{pron}}=== * {{音声|eu|LL-Q8752 (eus)-Xabier Cañas-opor.wav|音声}} ==={{noun}}=== {{head|eu|noun}} #[[休暇]]。 ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{alter}}=== * {{l|pt|oppôr}} (廃用) ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|pt|la|oppōnere}} ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA|opôr}} * {{hyph|pt|o|por}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #[[反対]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} 93vjyau9zj2pm8klxasmm6rtgs25u15 0 455124 2292649 1886334 2026-07-03T20:02:17Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292649 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|oc}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{affix|oc|aventura|-ar}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{IPA|aβentyˈɾa|lang=oc}} ==={{verb}}=== {{oc-verb}} #{{context|transitive|lang=oc}}[[危険]]に{{おくりがな2|晒|さら|す|さらす}}。 {{oc-conj-ar|aventur}} ---- =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{affix|ca|aventura|-ar}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} * {{音声|ca|LL-Q7026 (cat)-Marvives-aventurar.wav|音声(バルセロナ)}} * {{hyph|ca|a|ven|tu|rar}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|aventur}} #{{context|transitive|lang=ca}}[[危険]]に{{おくりがな2|晒|さら|す|さらす}}。 #{{context|pronominal|lang=ca}}[[冒険]]する。 {{ca-conj-ar|aventur}} ===={{syn}}==== * {{l|ca|arriscar}} ---- =={{L|gl}}== ==={{etym}}=== *{{etyl|roa-opt|gl}} {{m|roa-opt|aventurar}} *{{affix|gl|aventura|-ar}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{IPA|lang=gl|[aβentuˈɾaɾ]}} ==={{verb}}=== {{gl-verb|aventur|ar}} #{{context|pronominal|lang=gl}}[[危険]]を{{おくりがな2|冒|おか|す|おかす}}、[[冒険]]する。 #: {{syn|gl|arriscar}} #{{context|transitive|lang=gl}}{{おくりがな2|賭|か|ける|かける}}。 #: {{syn|gl|apostar}} {{gl-conj-ar|aventur}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{affix|es|aventura|-ar}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #[[危険]]に{{おくりがな2|晒|さら|す|さらす}}、{{おくりがな2|賭|か|ける|かける}}。 #（意見を）{{おくりがな3|思|おも|い|切|き|っ|おもいきる}}て{{おくりがな2|言|い|う|いう}}。 {{es-conj-ar|aventur}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{affix|pt|aventura|-ar}} ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA}} * {{hyph|pt|a|ven|tu|rar}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #{{context|transitive|lang=pt}}[[危険]]に{{おくりがな2|晒|さら|す|さらす}}。 #{{context|pronominal|lang=pt}}[[冒険]]する。 #{{context|pronominal|lang=pt}}危険を{{おくりがな2|冒|おか|す|おかす}}。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ---- =={{L|ro}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{affix|ro|aventura|-ar}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ro-noun|m|aventurari}} #[[冒険家]]。 {{ro-noun-m}} 8k9c29hxju5xmvp788vgu7j18zuc4py 0 457915 2292787 1879360 2026-07-03T21:12:28Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292787 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|an}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|an|la|occupāre}} ==={{verb}}=== {{head|an|verb}} #{{context|transitive|lang=an}}{{おくりがな2|占|し|める|しめる}}、[[占有]]する。 {{an-conj-ar|ocup}} ---- =={{L|vec}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|vec|la|occupāre}} ==={{verb}}=== {{head|vec|verb}} #{{context|transitive|lang=vec}}{{おくりがな2|占|し|める|しめる}}、[[占有]]する。 {{vec-conj-auto}} ---- =={{L|oc}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|oc|la|occupāre}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{IPA|lang=oc|ukyˈpa}} * {{音声|oc|LL-Q14185 (oci)-Davidgrosclaude-ocupar.wav|音声}} ==={{verb}}=== {{oc-verb}} #{{context|transitive|lang=oc}}{{おくりがな2|占|し|める|しめる}}、[[占有]]する。 {{oc-conj-ar|ocup}} ---- =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|ca|la|occupāre}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} * {{音声|en|LL-Q7026 (cat)-Marvives-ocupar.wav|音声(バルセロナ)}} * {{homophones|lang=ca|ocupà}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|ocup}} #{{おくりがな2|住|す|む|すむ}}。 #{{おくりがな2|占|し|める|しめる}}。 #{{おくりがな2|雇|やと|う|やとう}}。 #[[占拠]]する、[[占領]]する。 #{{context|reflexive|lang=ca}}{{おくりがな2|忙|いそが|しく|いそがしい}}する。 #{{context|pronominal|lang=ca}}{{おくりがな3|打|う|ち|込|こ|む|うちこむ}}、[[執心]]する、[[夢中]]になる。 {{ca-conj-ar|ocup}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|ca|desocupar}} * {{l|ca|ocupador}} * {{l|ca|ocupar-se}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|ca|ocupació}} * {{l|ca|ocupant}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|es|la|occupāre}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{es-IPA}} * {{音声|es|LL-Q1321 (spa)-Marreromarco-ocupar.wav|音声(ベネズエラ)}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #{{context|transitive|lang=es}}{{おくりがな2|占|し|める|しめる}}。 #{{context|transitive|lang=es}}〜の[[地位]]に{{おくりがな2|就|つ|く|つく}}。 #{{context|transitive|lang=es}}{{おくりがな2|住|す|む|すむ}}。 #{{context|transitive|lang=es}}{{おくりがな2|雇|やと|う|やとう}}。 #: {{syn|es|emplear}} #{{context|transitive|Latin America|lang=es}}{{おくりがな2|使|つか|う|つかう}}。 #: {{syn|es|usar|utilizar|emplear}} #{{context|transitive|intransitive|Central America|Mexico|lang=es}}[[必要]]とする。 #: {{syn|es|necesitar}} #{{context|reflexive|[[de]]を伴って|lang=es}}[[面倒]]を見る。 #{{context|reflexive|[[de]]を伴って|lang=es}}{{おくりがな3|引|ひ|き|受|う|ける|ひきうける}}、[[従事]]する。 {{es-conj-ar|ocup}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|es|okupar}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|ocupación}} * {{l|es|ocupante}} * {{l|es|ocupa}} * {{l|es|preocupar}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|pt|la|occupāre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA}} * {{hyph|pt|o|cu|par}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #{{おくりがな2|占|し|める|しめる}}、[[占有]]する。 #[[占拠]]する、[[占領]]する。 #〜の[[地位]]に{{おくりがな2|就|つ|く|つく}}。 #{{おくりがな2|住|す|む|すむ}}。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|pt|desocupar}} * {{l|pt|ocupado}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|ocupação}} r0jizxiayanaf8j3gywffa6hs8od7ra 0 466425 2292566 1973125 2026-07-03T13:15:55Z ふゆくれ 95641 2292566 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|ja|en|gain}} ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|acc=1}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun}} #[[利得]]。 ##[[利益]]。 ##{{context|制御理論|lang=ja}}[[伝達関数]]の[[絶対値]]。 ===={{rel}}==== *[[キャピタルゲイン]] ralwcpinhpxavzl156xniq8ihx3xvwh 0 468699 2292743 1901924 2026-07-03T20:59:20Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292743 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ast}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{ast-verb}} #[[侵略]]する、[[侵入]]する、[[侵害]]する。 ---- =={{L|io}}== ==={{pron}}=== {{io-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{head|io|verb form}} #[[invadar]]の現在形。 ---- =={{L|gl}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|gl|la|invādere}} ==={{verb}}=== {{gl-verb|invad|ir}} #[[侵略]]する、[[侵入]]する、[[侵害]]する。 {{gl-conj-ir|invad}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|gl|invasión}} * {{l|gl|invasor}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|es|la|invādere}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-pr}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #[[侵略]]する、[[侵入]]する、[[侵害]]する。 {{es-conj-ir|invad}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|invasión}} * {{l|es|invasivo}} * {{l|es|invasor}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|pt|la|invādere}} ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA|invàdir}} * {{hyphenation|in|va|dir}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #[[侵略]]する、[[侵入]]する、[[侵害]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|invasão}} * {{l|pt|invasivo}} * {{l|pt|invasor}} 1kzyak2xjctgs76fl2dxatocq06k7gj 0 488971 2292709 2003890 2026-07-03T20:21:41Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292709 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|gl}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|gl}} {{m|la|prōvenīre}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{hyph|gl|pro|vir}} ==={{verb}}=== {{head|gl|verb}} #[[生じる]]、[[起源]]とする、[[由来]]する。 {{gl-conj (vir)|pro}} ===={{rel}}==== {{top}} * {{l|gl|advir}} * {{l|gl|convir}} * {{l|gl|contravir}} * {{l|gl|desconvir}} * {{l|gl|desavir}} * {{l|gl|devir}} * {{l|gl|intervir}} * {{l|gl|previr}} * {{l|gl|reconvir}} * {{l|gl|sobrevir}} * {{l|gl|vir}} {{bottom}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|pt}} {{m|la|prōvenīre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA}} * {{hyph|pt|pro|vir}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #〜から{{おくりがな2|来|く|る|くる}}、[[由来]]する。 #〜の[[結果]]である。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|proveniente}} 07eim2td3272olkpygx45j3s3pmuhn5 0 488997 2292715 2003928 2026-07-03T20:21:43Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292715 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ca}}== ==={{etym}}=== 1507年初出。{{affix|ca|procés|-ar}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|process}} #{{context|computing|lang=ca}}[[処理]]する。 #{{context|法律|transitive|lang=ca}}[[告訴]]する。 {{ca-conj-ar|process}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|ca|processador}} * {{l|ca|processament}} ---- =={{L|gl}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{head|gl|verb}} #{{gl-reinteg sp|procesar}} {{gl-conj-ar|process}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|gl|processo}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{affix|pt|processo|-ar}} ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #[[処理]]する。 #{{context|法律|lang=pt}}[[告訴]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} 8xzuhmc344qhugh2s40rlj3pm0kb2dy 0 496553 2292940 2290857 2026-07-04T08:32:38Z ふゆくれ 95641 /* {{noun}} */ 2292940 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|じょうたいほうていしき}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|じょう|たい|ほう|てい|しき|yomi=o}} {{wikipedia}} ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|じょうたいほうていしき|acc=7}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|head=[[状態]][[方程式]]|じょうたいほうていしき}} #{{context|熱力学|熱化学|lang=ja}}[[理想気体]]の[[圧力]]<math>P</math>、[[体積]]<math>V</math>、[[物質量]]<math>n</math>、[[気体定数]]<math>R</math>、[[絶対温度]]<math>T</math>を用いて<math>PV=nRT</math>で表される方程式。[[理想気体の状態方程式]]。 #{{context|熱力学|lang=ja}}(語義1を含んで)[[状態量]]の間に成り立つ[[関係式]]。[[ファンデルワールスの状態方程式]]（[[実在気体]]の状態方程式）や[[マーナハンの状態方程式]]（[[固体]]の状態方程式）など。 #{{context|制御理論|lang=ja}}[[システム]]の[[入力]]と[[状態]]の関係を表す[[ベクトル関数]]の[[関数方程式]]。 #*[[線型時不変系]]では<math>\frac{d\boldsymbol{x}}{dt}=\mathbf{A}\boldsymbol{x}(t)+\mathbf{B}\boldsymbol{u}(t)</math> #{{context|物理学|天文学|lang=ja}}[[完全流体]]の[[エネルギー]][[密度]]を<math>\rho</math>、圧力を<math>P</math>としたとき、[[無次元量]]<math>w</math>を用いて<math>w=\frac{P}{\rho}</math>と表される方程式。 ===={{rel}}==== 語義3 *[[状態空間モデル]] *[[出力方程式]] sw7mh1dlypy0b0nfzqswfwggeif9q8q 828 502040 2292796 2043227 2026-07-03T21:23:21Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292796 Scribunto text/plain local export = {} --[=[ Authorship: Ben Wing <benwing2> ]=] --[=[ TERMINOLOGY: -- "slot" = A particular combination of case/number. Example slot names for nouns are "acc_s" (accusative singular) and "gen_p" (genitive plural). Each slot is filled with zero or more forms. -- "form" = The declined Icelandic form representing the value of a given slot. -- "lemma" = The dictionary form of a given Icelandic term. Generally the nominative singular, or nominative plural of plural-only nouns, but may occasionally be another form if the nominative is missing. ]=] --[=[ FIXME: 1. Support 'plstem' overrides. [DONE] 2. Support definite lemmas such as [[Bandaríkin]] "the United States". [DONE] 3. Support adjectivally-declined terms. [DONE PARTIALLY] 4. Support @ for built-in irregular lemmas. [DONE; SINCE REPLACED WITH SCRAPING SPECS] 5. Somehow if the user specifies v-infix, it should prevent default unumut from happening in strong feminines. [DONE] 6. Def acc pl should ignore -u ending in indef acc pl. [DONE] 7. Footnotes on omitted forms should be possible. 8. Remove setting of override on pl when processing plural-only terms in synthesize_singular_lemma(); interferes with decllemma in [[dyr]]. But then need to fix handling of masculine accusative plural. [DONE] 9. Rationalize conventions used in u-mutation types. [DONE] 10. Compute defaulted number and definiteness early so it's usable when merging built-in and user-specified specs. [DONE] 11. Support multiple declension specs. [DONE] 12. Support dark mode. [DONE] 13. Support scraping declension specs. [DONE] 14. Support @-d etc. for suffix scraping. [DONE] 15. Include scraped base nouns in title annotation. [DONE] 16. Support @@ for self-scraping. [DONE IN [[Module:gmq-headword]]] 17. Support scraping multiple declension specs; e.g. [[fræði]] is declared with 'n.pl|f.sg' and [[hljómfræði]] would like to use '@f' but you get an error. ]=] local lang = require("モジュール:languages").getByCode("is") local m_table = require("モジュール:table") local m_links = require("モジュール:links") local m_string_utilities = require("モジュール:string utilities") local iut = require("モジュール:inflection utilities") local put = require("モジュール:parse_utilities") local m_para = require("モジュール:parameters") local com = require("モジュール:is-common") local pages_module = "モジュール:pages" local template_parser_module = "モジュール:template parser" local u = mw.ustring.char local rsplit = mw.text.split local rfind = mw.ustring.find local rmatch = mw.ustring.match local rgmatch = mw.ustring.gmatch local rsubn = mw.ustring.gsub local ulen = mw.ustring.len local usub = mw.ustring.sub local uupper = mw.ustring.upper local ulower = mw.ustring.lower local dump = mw.dumpObject local force_cat = false -- set to true to make categories appear in non-mainspace pages, for testing local SUB_ESCAPED_PERIOD = u(0xFFF0) local SUB_ESCAPED_COMMA = u(0xFFF1) -- version of rsubn() that discards all but the first return value local function rsub(term, foo, bar) local retval = rsubn(term, foo, bar) return retval end -- version of rsubn() that returns a 2nd argument boolean indicating whether -- a substitution was made. local function rsubb(term, foo, bar) local retval, nsubs = rsubn(term, foo, bar) return retval, nsubs > 0 end local function track(track_id) require("モジュール:debug/track")("is-noun/" .. track_id) return true end local potential_lemma_slots = { "ind_nom_s", "ind_nom_p", "def_nom_s", "def_nom_p", "ind_acc_s", -- for [[sig]] } local cases = { "nom", "acc", "dat", "gen", } local case_set = m_table.listToSet(cases) local overridable_stems = { "stem", "vstem", "plstem", "plvstem", "imutval", } local overridable_stem_set = m_table.listToSet(overridable_stems) local mutation_specs = { "umut", "imut", "unumut", "unimut", "con", "defcon", "j", "v", } local mutation_spec_set = m_table.listToSet(mutation_specs) local clitic_articles = { m = { nom_s = "inn", acc_s = "inn", dat_s = "num", gen_s = "ins", nom_p = "nir", acc_p = "na", dat_p = "num", gen_p = "nna", }, f = { nom_s = "in", acc_s = "ina", dat_s = "inni", gen_s = "innar", nom_p = "nar", acc_p = "nar", dat_p = "num", gen_p = "nna", }, n = { nom_s = "ið", acc_s = "ið", dat_s = "nu", gen_s = "ins", nom_p = "in", acc_p = "in", dat_p = "num", gen_p = "nna", }, } local gender_code_to_desc = { m = "masculine", f = "feminine", n = "neuter", none = nil, } local number_code_to_desc = { sg = "singular", pl = "plural", both = "both numbers", none = nil, } local definiteness_code_to_desc = { indef = "indefinite-only", def = "definite-only", bothdef = "indefinite and definite", none = nil, } -- Parse off and return a final -ur or -r nominative ending. Return the portion before the ending as well as the ending -- itself. If the lemma ends in -aur, only the -r is stripped off. This is used by ## and by the `@l` scraping -- indicator (so that e.g. `@r` when applied to a compound of [[réttur]] "law; court; course (of a meal)" won't get -- confused by the final -r). local function parse_off_final_nom_ending(lemma) local lemma_minus_r, final_nom_ending if lemma:find("[^Aa]ur$") then lemma_minus_r, final_nom_ending = lemma:match("^(.*)(ur)$") elseif lemma:find("r$") then lemma_minus_r, final_nom_ending = lemma:match("^(.*)(r)$") else lemma_minus_r, final_nom_ending = lemma, "" end return lemma_minus_r, final_nom_ending end local function get_noun_slots(alternant_multiword_spec) local noun_slots_list = {} for _, case in ipairs(cases) do for _, num in ipairs {"s", "p"} do for _, def in ipairs {"ind", "def"} do local slot = ("%s_%s_%s"):format(def, case, num) local accel = ("%s|%s"):format(def, case) if alternant_multiword_spec.actual_number == "both" then accel = accel .. "|" .. num end table.insert(noun_slots_list, {slot, accel}) end end end for _, potential_lemma_slot in ipairs(potential_lemma_slots) do table.insert(noun_slots_list, {potential_lemma_slot .. "_linked", "-"}) end return noun_slots_list end local function generate_list_of_possibilities_for_err(list) local quoted_list = {} for _, item in pairs(list) do if item == "" then item = "<nowiki />" end table.insert(quoted_list, "'" .. item .. "'") end table.sort(quoted_list) return mw.text.listToText(quoted_list) end local function skip_slot(number, definiteness, slot) return number == "sg" and rfind(slot, "_p$") or number == "pl" and rfind(slot, "_s$") or definiteness == "def" and rfind(slot, "^ind_") or (definiteness == "indef" or definiteness == "none") and rfind(slot, "^def_") end -- Return true if `stem` refers to a proper noun (first character is uppercase, second character is lowercase). local function is_proper_noun(base, stem) if base.props.common or base.props.dem then return false end if base.props.proper then return true end if base.source_template == "is-noun" then return false end if base.source_template == "is-proper noun" then return true end local first_letter = usub(stem, 1, 1) local second_letter = usub(stem, 2, 2) return ulower(first_letter) ~= first_letter and ((not second_letter or second_letter == "") or uupper(second_letter) ~= second_letter) end -- Basic function to combine stem(s) and other properties with ending(s) and insert the result into the appropriate -- slot. `base` is the object describing all the properties of the word being inflected for a single alternant (in case -- there are multiple alternants specified using `((...))`). `slot_prefix` is either "ind_" or "def_" and is prefixed to -- the slot value in `slot` to get the actual slot to add the resulting forms to. (`slot_prefix` is separated out -- because the code below frequently needs to conditionalize on the value of `slot` and should not have to worry about -- the definite and indefinite slot variants). `props` is an object containing computed stems and other information -- (such as whether i-mutation is active). The information found in `props` cannot be stored in `base` because there may -- be more than one set of such properties per `base` (e.g. if the user specified 'umut,uUmut' or '-j,j' or '-imut,imut' -- or some combination of these; in such a case, the caller will iterate over all possible combinations, and ultimately -- invoke add() multiple times, one per combination). `endings` is the ending or endings added to the appropriate stem -- (after any j or v infix) to get the form(s) to add to the slot. Its value can be a single string, a list of strings, -- or a list of form objects (i.e. in general list form). `clitics` is the clitic or clitics to add after the endings to -- form the actual form value inserted into definite slots; it should be nil for indefinite slots. Its format is the -- same as for `endings`. `ending_override`, if true, indicates that the ending(s) supplied in `endings` come from a -- user-specified override, and hence j and v infixes should not be added as they are already included in the override -- if needed. `endings_are_full`, if true, indicates that the supplied ending(s) are actually full words and a null stem -- should be used. -- -- The properties in `props` are: -- * Stems (each stem is either a string or a form object, i.e. an object with `form` and `footnotes` properties; see -- [[Module:inflection utilities]]; stems in general may be missing, i.e. nil, unless otherwise specified, and default -- to more general variants): -- ** `stem`: The basic stem. Always set. May be overridden by more specific variants. -- ** `nonvstem`: The stem used when the ending is null or starts with a consonant, unless overridden by a more -- specific variant. Defaults to `stem`. Not currently used, but could be if e.g. a user stem override `nonvstem:...` -- were supported. -- ** `umut_nonvstem`: The stem used when the ending is null or starts with a consonant and u-mutation is in effect, -- unless overridden by a more specific variant. Defaults to `nonvstem`. Will only be present when the result of -- u-mutation is different from the stem to which u-mutation is applied. (In this case, it will be present even if -- `nonvstem` is missing, because there is no generic `umut_stem`.) -- ** `imut_nonvstem`: The stem used when the ending is null or starts with a consonant and i-mutation is in effect. -- If i-mutation is in effect, this should always be specified (otherwise an internal error will occur); hence it has -- no default. Note that i-mutation is only in effect when either (a) `imut` or `unimut` was specified; (b) a -- user-specified override is given that begins with a single ^ (indicating i-mutation); or (c) a declension type is -- in effect that contains default endings beginning with a single ^ (examples are `f-long-vowel` for lemmas in -ó -- and `f-long-umlaut-vowel-r`). Note also that this will be present even if `nonvstem` is missing, because there is -- no generic `imut_stem`. -- ** `vstem`: The stem used when the ending starts with a vowel, unless overridden by a more specific variant. Defaults -- to `stem`. Will be specified when contraction is in effect or the user specified `vstem:...`. -- ** `umut_vstem`: The stem(s) used when the ending starts with a vowel and u-mutation is in effect. Defaults to -- `vstem`. Note that u-mutation applies to the contracted stem if both u-mutation and contraction are in effect. -- Will only be present when the result of u-mutation is different from the stem to which u-mutation is applied. -- (In this case, it will be present even if `vstem` is missing, because there is no generic `umut_stem`.) -- ** `imut_vstem`: The stem(s) used when the ending starts with a vowel and i-mutation is in effect. If i-mutation is -- in effect, this should always be specified (otherwise an internal error will occur); hence it has no default. Note -- that i-mutation applies to the contracted stem if both i-mutation and contraction are in effect. See -- `imut_nonvstem` for comments on when this stem will be present. -- ** `null_defvstem`: The stem(s) used when the ending is null and is followed by a definite ending that begins with a -- vowel, unless overridden by a more specific variant. Defaults to `nonvstem`. This is normally set when `defcon` -- is specified. -- ** `umut_null_defvstem`: The stem(s) used when the ending is null and is followed by a definite ending that begins -- with a vowel, and u-mutation is in effect. Defaults to `null_defvstem`. This is normally set when `defcon` is -- specified and u-mutation is needed, as in the nom/acc pl of neuter [[mastur]] "mast". Will only be present when -- the result of u-mutation is different from the stem to which u-mutation is applied. -- ** `pl_stem`: The basic stem used for plural inflections. Only set when `plstem:...` is specified by the user. If -- this is set, the alternative plural-specific stem variants are used, where each of the above stems has a -- plural-specific counterpart, and the identical algorithms and fallbacks are used to determine the correct stem. -- ** `pl_nonvstem`, `pl_umut_nonvstem`, `pl_imut_nonvstem`, `pl_vstem`, `pl_umut_vstem`, `pl_imut_vstem`, -- `pl_null_defvstem`, `pl_umut_null_defvstem`: Plural-specific counterparts of the above stems. See the comment -- under `pl_stem` for when these are used. -- * Other properties: -- ** `jinfix`: If present, either "" or "j". Inserted between the stem and ending when the ending begins with a vowel -- other than "i". Note that j-infixes don't apply to ending overrides. -- ** `jinfix_footnotes`: Footnotes to attach to forms where j-infixing is possible (even if it's not present). -- ** `vinfix`: If present, either "" or "v". Inserted between the stem and ending when the ending begins with a vowel. -- Note that v-infixes don't apply to ending overrides. `jinfix` and `vinfix` cannot both be specified. -- ** `vinfix_footnotes`: Footnotes to attach to forms where v-infixing is possible (even if it's not present). -- ** `imut`: If specified (i.e. not nil), either true or false. If specified, there may be associated footnotes in -- `imut_footnotes`. If true, i-mutation and associated footnotes are in effect before endings starting with "i". If -- false, associated footnotes still apply before endings starting with "i". Note that i-mutation is also in effect -- if the ending has ^ prepended, but the associated footnotes don't apply here. -- ** `imut_footnotes`: See `imut`. -- ** `unumut`: If specified (i.e. not nil), the type of un-u-mutation requested (either "unumut" or a variant, or the -- negation of the same using "-unumut" or a variant for no un-u-mutation; "unumut" and variants differ in which -- slots any associated footnote are placed). If specified, there may be associated footnotes in `unumut_footnotes`. -- If "unumut" itself, u-mutation is in effect *except* before an ending that starts with an "a" or "i" (unless -- i-mutation is in effect, which takes precedence). If any other variant, the rules are different: when masculine, -- u-mutation is in effect *except* in the gen sg and pl (examples are [[söfnuður]] "congregation" and [[mánuður]] -- "month"); when feminine, u-mutation is in effect except in the nom/acc/gen pl (examples are [[verslun]] "trade, -- business; store, shop" and [[kvörtun]] "complaint"). When u-mutation is *not* in effect, and i-mutation is also -- not in effect, the associated footnotes in `unumut_footnotes` apply. If `unumut` is "-unumut" or a variant, there -- is no un-u-mutation (i.e. there are no special u-mutated stems, and the basic stems, which typically have -- u-mutation built into them, apply throughout), but the associated footnotes in `unumut_footnotes` still apply in -- the same circumstances where they would apply if `unumut` were the non-negated counterpart. -- ** `unumut_footnotes`: See `unumut`. -- ** `unimut`: If specified (i.e. not nil), either true or false. If specified, there may be associated footnotes in -- `unimut_footnotes`. If true, i-mutation is in effect *except* in certain case/num combinations that depend on the -- gender. Specifically: (1) for masculine nouns e.g. [[ketill]] "kettle" and proper names [[Egill]] and [[Ketill]], -- i-mutation does not apply in the dat sg and throughout the plural; (2) for feminine nouns e.g. [[kýr]] "cow", -- [[sýr]] "sow (archaic)" and [[ær]] "ewe", i-mutation does not apply in the acc and dat sg and in the dat and gen -- pl. Cf. also feminine pl-only [[hættur]] "bedtime, quitting time" and [[mætur]] "appreciation, liking", which use -- 'unimut' to get e.g. dat pl [[háttum]] and gen pl [[hátta]]; but these are handled by synthesizing a singular -- without i-mutation in the lemma. Very similar are neuter pl [[læti]] "behavior, demeanor" and [[ólæti]] "noise, -- racket", with e.g. dat pl [[látum]] and gen pl [[láta]], which are handled in the same way. When i-mutation is -- *not* in effect, the associated footnotes in `unimut_footnotes` apply. If false, the associated footnotes in -- `unimut_footnotes` still apply in the same circumstances where they would apply if `unimut` where true. -- ** `unimut_footnotes`: See `unimut`. local function add_slotval(base, slot_prefix, slot, props, endings, clitics, ending_override, endings_are_full) if not endings then return end -- Call skip_slot() based on the declined number and definiteness; if the actual number is different, we correct -- this in decline_noun() at the end. if skip_slot(base.number, base.definiteness, slot) then return end if not clitics then clitics = {""} elseif type(clitics) == "string" then clitics = {clitics} end if type(endings) == "string" then endings = {endings} end -- Loop over each ending and clitic. for _, endingobj in ipairs(endings) do for _, cliticobj in ipairs(clitics) do -- Do the following inside of the innermost loop even though it does not depend on the value of `cliticobj`, -- because that way we are free to mutate `ending` below. local ending, ending_footnotes if type(endingobj) == "string" then ending = endingobj else ending = endingobj.form ending_footnotes = endingobj.footnotes end -- Ending of "-" means the user used -- to indicate there should be no form here. if ending == "-" then return end local function interr(msg) error(("Internal error: For lemma '%s', slot '%s%s', ending '%s', %s: %s"):format(base.lemma, slot_prefix, slot, ending, msg, dump(props))) end local clitic, clitic_footnotes if type(cliticobj) == "string" then clitic = cliticobj else clitic = cliticobj.form clitic_footnotes = cliticobj.footnotes end -- Compute whether i-mutation or u-mutation is in effect, and compute the "mutation footnotes", which are -- footnotes attached to a mutation-related indicator and which may need to be added even if no mutation is -- in effect (specifically when dealing with an ending that would trigger a mutation if in effect). AFAIK -- you cannot have both mutations in effect at once, and i-mutation overrides u-mutation if both would be in -- effect. -- Single ^ at the beginning of an ending indicates that the i-mutated version of the stem should apply, and -- double ^^ at the beginning indicates that the u-mutated version should apply. local explicit_imut, explicit_umut -- % at the end of a definite ending indicates that the following i- of the clitic should drop, as with -- neuter [[tré]], [[kné]], [[fé]]. There's no counterpart to force irregular inclusion of an i- that would -- normally drop; just include it in the ending (as with acc/dat sg of [[eygló]] "eyeball???" and [[sígó]] -- "cig"). local clitic_i_drops ending, explicit_umut = rsubb(ending, "^%^%^", "") if not explicit_umut then ending, explicit_imut = rsubb(ending, "^%^", "") end ending, clitic_i_drops = rsubb(ending, "%%$", "") local is_vowel_ending = rfind(ending, "^" .. com.vowel_c) local is_vowel_clitic = rfind(clitic, "^" .. com.vowel_c) local mut_in_effect, mut_not_in_effect, mut_footnotes local ending_in_a = not not ending:find("^a") local ending_in_i = not not ending:find("^i") local ending_in_u = not not ending:find("^u") if props.unimut ~= nil and props.unumut ~= nil then interr("Cannot have both 'unimut' and 'unumut' in effect at the same time") end if props.unimut ~= nil and props.imut ~= nil then interr("Cannot have both 'unimut' and 'imut' in effect at the same time") end if props.unumut ~= nil and props.umut ~= nil then interr("Cannot have both 'unumut' and 'umut' in effect at the same time") end if explicit_imut then mut_in_effect = "i" elseif explicit_umut then mut_in_effect = "u" else if props.unimut ~= nil then local is_unimut_slot if base.gender == "m" then is_unimut_slot = slot == "dat_s" or slot:find("_p") elseif base.gender == "f" then is_unimut_slot = slot == "acc_s" or slot == "dat_s" or slot == "dat_p" or slot == "gen_p" else interr("'unimut' shouldn't be specified with neuter nouns; don't know what slots would be affected; neuter pluralia tantum nouns using 'unimut' should have synthesized a singular without i-mutation") end if is_unimut_slot then mut_not_in_effect = "i" mut_footnotes = props.unimut_footnotes elseif props.unimut then mut_in_effect = "i" end elseif props.imut ~= nil then if ending_in_i then if props.imut then mut_in_effect = "i" mut_footnotes = props.imut_footnotes elseif props.imut == false then mut_not_in_effect = "i" mut_footnotes = props.imut_footnotes end end end if props.unumut ~= nil then local is_unumut_slot if props.unumut == "unumut" or props.unumut == "-unumut" then is_unumut_slot = ending_in_a or ending_in_i elseif base.gender == "m" then is_unumut_slot = slot == "gen_s" or slot == "gen_p" elseif base.gender == "f" then is_unumut_slot = slot == "nom_p" or slot == "acc_p" or slot == "gen_p" else interr("'unumut' and variants shouldn't be specified with neuter nouns; don't know what slots would be affected; neuter pluralia tantum nouns using 'unumut'and variants should have synthesized a singular without u-mutation") end if not mut_in_effect and not mut_not_in_effect then -- Do nothing if mut_in_effect or mut_not_in_effect because i-mut takes precedence over u-mut; -- FIXME: I hope this is correct in all cases. if is_unumut_slot then mut_not_in_effect = "u" mut_footnotes = props.unumut_footnotes elseif props.unumut then mut_in_effect = "u" end end end if ending_in_u and not mut_in_effect then mut_in_effect = "u" -- umut and uUmut footnotes are incorporated into the appropriate umut_* stems end end local ending_was_asterisk = ending == "*" -- Now compute the appropriate stem to which the ending and clitic are added. `prefix` is either an empty -- string or "pl_" and selects the set of stems to consider when computing the stem in effect. See the -- comment above for `pl_stem`. local function compute_stem_in_effect(prefix) local stem_in_effect if mut_in_effect == "i" then -- NOTE: It appears that imut and defcon never co-occur; otherwise we'd need to flesh out the set of -- stems to include i-mutation versions of defcon stems, similar to what we do for u-mutation. if is_vowel_ending then if not props[prefix .. "imut_vstem"] then interr(("i-mutation in effect and ending begins with a vowel but '.%simut_vstem' not defined"): format(prefix)) end stem_in_effect = props[prefix .. "imut_vstem"] else if not props[prefix .. "imut_nonvstem"] then interr(("i-mutation in effect and ending does not begin with a vowel but '.%simut_nonvstem' not defined"): format(prefix)) end stem_in_effect = props[prefix .. "imut_nonvstem"] end else -- Careful with the following logic; it is written carefully and should not be changed without a -- thorough understanding of its functioning. local has_umut = mut_in_effect == "u" -- First, if the ending is null (or "*", which eventually turns into a null ending; see below), and -- we have a vowel-initial definite-article clitic, use the special 'defcon' stem if available. if (ending == "" or ending == "*") and is_vowel_clitic then stem_in_effect = has_umut and props[prefix .. "umut_null_defvstem"] or props[prefix .. "null_defvstem"] end -- If the stem is still unset, then use the vowel or non-vowel stem if available. When u-mutation is -- active, we first check for the u-mutated version of the vowel or non-vowel stem before falling -- back to the regular vowel or non-vowel stem. Note that an expression like `has_umut and -- props[prefix .. "umut_vstem"] or props[prefix .. "vstem"]` here is NOT equivalent to an if-else -- or ternary operator expression because if `has_umut` is true and `umut_vstem` is missing, it will -- still fall back to `vstem` (which is what we want). if not stem_in_effect then if is_vowel_ending then stem_in_effect = has_umut and props[prefix .. "umut_vstem"] or props[prefix .. "vstem"] else stem_in_effect = has_umut and props[prefix .. "umut_nonvstem"] or props[prefix .. "nonvstem"] end end -- Finally, fall back to the basic stem, which is always defined. stem_in_effect = stem_in_effect or props[prefix .. "stem"] end -- If the ending is "*", it means to use the lemma as the form directly (before adding any definite -- clitic) rather than try to construct the form from a stem and ending. We need to do this for the -- lemma slot and especially for the nominative singular, because we don't have the nominative singular -- ending available and it may vary (e.g. it may be -ur, -l, -n, -a, etc. especially in the masculine). -- Not trying to construct the form from stem + ending also avoids complications from the nominative -- singular in -ur, which exceptionally does not trigger u-mutation. However, when 'defcon' is active -- and we're processing a definite form beginning with a vowel (i.e. is_vowel_clitic is set), we can't -- do this, because the form to which the clitic is added is not the lemma but the contracted version. -- As it happens, this works out because in all situations where 'defcon' is active, the nominative -- singular has a null ending. (If this weren't the case, we'd have to change all the declension -- functions to pass in the nominative singular ending in addition to other endings.) An example where -- 'defcon' is active is neuter [[mastur]] "mast" with definite nominative singular [[mastrið]]; here, -- using the lemma would incorrectly produce #[[masturið]]. -- Finally, however, if there is a footnote associated with the computed stem in effect, we need to -- preserve it. if ending == "*" then if not is_vowel_clitic or not props.defcon or props.defcon.form ~= "defcon" then local stem_in_effect_footnotes if type(stem_in_effect) == "table" then stem_in_effect_footnotes = stem_in_effect.footnotes end stem_in_effect = iut.combine_form_and_footnotes(base.actual_lemma, stem_in_effect_footnotes) end -- See comment above. When 'defcon' is not in effect, we changed the stem to be the lemma and -- want to use a null ending; otherwise, the ending is always null anyway, so it's safe to set -- it thus. ending = "" end return stem_in_effect end local stem_in_effect = props.pl_stem and slot:find("_p$") and compute_stem_in_effect("pl_") or compute_stem_in_effect("") local infix, infix_footnotes -- Compute the infix (j, v or nothing) that goes between the stem and ending. if not ending_override and is_vowel_ending then if props.vinfix and props.jinfix then interr("Can't have specifications for both '.vinfix' and '.jinfix'; should have been caught above") end if props.vinfix then infix = props.vinfix infix_footnotes = props.vinfix_footnotes elseif props.jinfix and not ending_in_i then infix = props.jinfix infix_footnotes = props.jinfix_footnotes end end -- If base-level footnotes specified, they go before any stem footnotes, so we need to extract any footnotes -- from the stem in effect and insert the base-level footnotes before. In general, we want the footnotes to -- be in the order [base.footnotes, stem.footnotes, mut_footnotes, infix_footnotes, ending.footnotes, -- clitic.footnotes]. if base.footnotes then local stem_in_effect_footnotes if type(stem_in_effect) == "table" then stem_in_effect_footnotes = stem_in_effect.footnotes stem_in_effect = stem_in_effect.form end stem_in_effect = iut.combine_form_and_footnotes(stem_in_effect, iut.combine_footnotes(base.footnotes, stem_in_effect_footnotes)) end local ending_is_full ending, ending_is_full = rsubb(ending, "^!", "") local function combine_stem_ending(stem, clitic) if stem == "?" then return "?" end local function drop_clitic_i() clitic = clitic:gsub("^i", "") end -- If we're definite-only and using the actual lemma as the stem, the clitic is already incorporated -- into the stem. if base.definiteness == "def" and ending_was_asterisk then return stem end -- % at the end of a definite ending indicates that the following i- of the clitic should drop; see -- above. if clitic_i_drops then drop_clitic_i() end local stem_with_infix = ending_is_full and "" or stem .. (infix or "") -- Drop final -j- of stem before an ending beginning with a consonant. This happens e.g. in [[kirkja]] -- "church" with genitive plural -na, producing [[kirkna]]. It does not happen with a null ending; cf. -- neuter [[emj]] "cries, shouting" and [[gremj]] "anger, irritation" (the latter not in BÍN). if stem_with_infix:find("j$") and rfind(ending, "^" .. com.cons_c) then stem_with_infix = stem_with_infix:gsub("j$", "") end local stem_with_ending -- An initial s- of the ending drops after a cluster of cons + s (including written <x>). if ending:find("^s") and (stem_with_infix:find("x$") or rfind(stem_with_infix, com.cons_c .. "s$")) then stem_with_ending = stem_with_infix .. ending:gsub("^s", "") else stem_with_ending = stem_with_infix .. ending end if clitic == "" then return stem_with_ending end if slot == "dat_p" then stem_with_ending = stem_with_ending:gsub("m$", "") end if clitic:find("^i.*[aiu]") then -- disyllabic clitics in i- -- in practice, fem acc_s -ina, dat_s -inni, gen_s -innar if rfind(stem_with_ending, com.vowel_c .. "$") then drop_clitic_i() end elseif clitic:find("^i") then -- monosyllabic clitics in i- local ending_for_clitic_dropping = ending_was_asterisk and base.lemma_ending or ending if ending_for_clitic_dropping:find("[aiu]$") then drop_clitic_i() end end return stem_with_ending .. clitic end local combined_footnotes = iut.combine_footnotes( iut.combine_footnotes(mut_footnotes, infix_footnotes), iut.combine_footnotes(ending_footnotes, clitic_footnotes) ) local clitic_with_notes = iut.combine_form_and_footnotes(clitic, combined_footnotes) if not stem_in_effect then interr("stem_in_effect is nil") end iut.add_forms(base.forms, slot_prefix .. slot, stem_in_effect, clitic_with_notes, combine_stem_ending) end end end -- Add the definite and indefinite variants of a slot by combining the appropriate stem in `props` with (optionally) an -- infix in `props` and the endings in `endings`, tacking on the definite article clitic in the definite slot variant. -- This calls the underlying function add_slotval() twice, once for indefinite forms and once for definite forms, and is -- normally called by add_decl() or similar function to add an entire declension. `endings` can be nil (no endings are -- added), a single string, a list of strings, a list of form objects (i.e. in general list form), or a table containing -- fields `indef` and `def` (each of which can be any of the previous formats) to add separate sets of endings for the -- indefinite and definite slot variants. If any of the formats for `endings` is supplied other than the separate -- indefinite/definite table, the supplied set of endings is used for both indefinite and definite slot variants. -- `ending_override` and `endings_are_full` are as in add_slotval(). local function add(base, slot, props, endings, ending_override, endings_are_full) if not endings then return end local indef_endings, def_endings if type(endings) == "table" and (endings.indef or endings.def) then indef_endings = endings.indef def_endings = endings.def else indef_endings = endings def_endings = endings end if indef_endings and base.definiteness ~= "def" then add_slotval(base, "ind_", slot, props, indef_endings, nil, ending_override, endings_are_full) end if def_endings and (base.definiteness ~= "indef" and base.definiteness ~= "none") then local clitic if base.props.adj then -- FIXME: not necessary once we get adjective inflections from [[Module:is-adjective]] clitic = "" else clitic = clitic_articles[base.gender] if not clitic then error(("Internal error: Unrecognized value for base.gender: %s"):format(dump(base.gender))) end clitic = clitic[slot] if not clitic then error(("Internal error: Unrecognized value for `slot` in add(): %s"):format(dump(slot))) end end add_slotval(base, "def_", slot, props, def_endings, clitic, ending_override, endings_are_full) end end -- Generate the accusative plural ending from the nominative plural. For feminines and neuters, both are the same. -- For masculines, drop the -r except in -ur. local function acc_p_from_nom_p(base, nom_p) if base.gender == "f" or base.gender == "n" then return nom_p end if not nom_p then return nom_p -- this is correct as `nom_p` could be nil or false and we want to return the same thing end local function form_masc_acc_p(ending) -- Form the masculine accusative by dropping -r unless the form ends in -ur, which is kept. If the ending is *, -- we substitute the entire actual lemma. In that case, if the lemma is definite-only, we have to strip off -- the nominative plural clitic -nir before generating the accusative. We don't add the clitic -na because it -- will be added in add_slotval(). if ending == "*" then ending = "!" .. base.actual_lemma end if base.definiteness == "def" and ending:find("^!") then ending = ending:match("^(.*)nir$") if not ending then error(("Masculine plural definite-only lemma '%s' does not end in expected clitic '-nir'; " .. "don't know how to compute the corresponding accusative plural"):format(base.actual_lemma)) end end -- If the ending is full (begins with !), check the whole thing for -ur at the end. if ending:find("^%^*ur$") or ending:find("^!.*[^Aa]ur$") then -- as-is else ending = ending:gsub("r$", "") end return ending end if type(nom_p) == "string" then return form_masc_acc_p(nom_p) end local acc_p = {} for _, ending in ipairs(nom_p) do if type(ending) == "string" then table.insert(acc_p, form_masc_acc_p(ending)) else table.insert(acc_p, {form = form_masc_acc_p(ending.form), footnotes = ending.footnotes}) end end return acc_p end local function process_one_slot_override(base, slot, spec) -- Call skip_slot() based on the declined number and definiteness; if the actual number is different, we correct -- this in decline_noun() at the end. if skip_slot(base.number, base.definiteness, slot) then error(("Override specified for invalid slot '%s' due to '%s' number restriction and/or '%s' definiteness restriction"):format( slot, base.number, base.definiteness)) end local defslot = slot:find("^def_") if defslot then base.forms[slot] = nil else if spec.indef ~= false then base.forms["ind_" .. slot] = nil end if spec.def ~= false then base.forms["def_" .. slot] = nil end end if defslot then local slot_prefix -- Don't call add(), like below, because it adds both indefinite and definite variants, including definite -- clitics in the latter. Instead, directly call add_slotval(). But we need to separate the slot into slot -- prefix "def_" and the remainder because add_slotval() expects slots to be missing the prefix when -- checking which stem to use (which may depend on the slot). slot_prefix, slot = slot:match("^(def_)(.*)$") for _, props in ipairs(base.prop_sets) do add_slotval(base, slot_prefix, slot, props, spec.def, nil, "ending override") end else local endings if spec.indef ~= nil and spec.def ~= nil then -- This could include `false` as the value of either `spec.indef` or `spec.def` to not touch those slots. -- Note that specifying something like 'dat/i' is allowed and will only override the definite slot, but -- is different from a definite-slot override 'defdatinum' because the latter includes the clitic in it. endings = { indef = spec.indef, def = spec.def, } elseif not spec.indef then error(("Internal error: Unless both `spec.indef` and `spec.def` have non-nil values (i.e. the user included a slash in the override, `spec.indef` must be defined: %s"):dump(spec)) elseif slot == "acc_p" then -- As a special case, don't carry over literary acc_p ending -u to the definite. local def_endings = {} for _, ending in ipairs(spec.indef) do -- If the ending is full (begins with !), check the whole thing for -u at the end. if not ending.form:find("^%^*u$") and not ending.form:find("^!.*[^Aa]u$") then table.insert(def_endings, ending) end end endings = { indef = spec.indef, def = def_endings, } else endings = spec.indef end for _, props in ipairs(base.prop_sets) do add(base, slot, props, endings, "ending override") end end end local function process_slot_overrides(base) if base.gens then process_one_slot_override(base, "gen_s", base.gens) end if base.pls then local spec = base.pls process_one_slot_override(base, "nom_p", spec) local acc_p_spec = { indef = acc_p_from_nom_p(base, spec.indef), def = acc_p_from_nom_p(base, spec.def), } process_one_slot_override(base, "acc_p", acc_p_spec) end for slot, spec in pairs(base.overrides) do process_one_slot_override(base, slot, spec) end end -- Generate the full declension for the term given the endings for each slot. acc_p, dat_p and gen_p can be omitted and -- will be defaulted: dat_p defaults to "um", gen_p defaults to "a", and acc_p defaults to the nom_p except for masculines -- not in -ur, where the -r is dropped. Use `false` as the value of an ending to disable generating any value for that -- slot. local function add_decl_with_nom_sg(base, props, nom_s, acc_s, dat_s, gen_s, nom_p, acc_p, dat_p, gen_p) add(base, "nom_s", props, nom_s) add(base, "acc_s", props, acc_s) add(base, "dat_s", props, dat_s) add(base, "gen_s", props, gen_s) if base.number == "pl" then -- If this is a plurale tantum noun and we're processing the nominative plural, use the user-specified lemma -- rather than generating the plural from the synthesized singular, which may not match the specified lemma. -- This is both because we don't set a plural override to specify what the plural should look like and because -- of exceptional cases like [[dyr]], which is plural-only and uses 'decllemma:dyrir'. nom_p = "*" end add(base, "nom_p", props, nom_p) -- Generate defaults for acc_p, dat_p, gen_p if nil was specified; but be careful not to do so for false, which -- means to generate no form. if acc_p == nil then acc_p = acc_p_from_nom_p(base, nom_p) end if dat_p == nil then dat_p = "um" end if gen_p == nil then gen_p = "a" end add(base, "acc_p", props, acc_p) add(base, "dat_p", props, dat_p) add(base, "gen_p", props, gen_p) end -- Generate the full declension for the term given the endings for each slot except the nom_s. This is like -- add_decl_with_nom_sg() but takes the nom sg directly from the lemma instead of trying to reconstruct it from a stem, -- which is more correct in the vast majority of circumstances. The * below is a signal to the underlying add() function -- to use the actual lemma (not any stem, and not the value of 'decllemma:' if given) for the nom sg. Note that add() is -- smart enough to ignore this for the definite nom sg when the 'defcon' indicator is given, because in that case the stem -- for the def nom sg is contracted compared with the lemma. (Specifically, it uses the correct contracted stem and a null -- ending; AFAIK all cases of 'defcon' occur with lemmas with a null ending in the nom sg.) local function add_decl(base, props, acc_s, dat_s, gen_s, nom_p, acc_p, dat_p, gen_p) add_decl_with_nom_sg(base, props, "*", acc_s, dat_s, gen_s, nom_p, acc_p, dat_p, gen_p) end local function add_sg_decl(base, props, acc_s, dat_s, gen_s) add_decl(base, props, acc_s, dat_s, gen_s, false, false, false, false) end local function add_pl_only_decl(base, props, acc_p, dat_p, gen_p) add_decl(base, props, false, false, false, "*", acc_p, dat_p, gen_p) end -- Table mapping declension types to functions to decline the noun. The function takes two arguments, `base` and -- `props`; the latter specifies the computed stems (vowel vs. non-vowel, singular vs. plural) and whether the noun -- is reducible and/or has vowel alternations in the stem. Most of the specifics of determining which stem to use -- and how to modify it for the given ending are handled in add_decl(); the declension functions just need to generate -- the appropriate endings. local decls = {} decls["indecl"] = function(base, props) add_decl(base, props, "", "", "", "", "", "", "") end decls["decl?"] = function(base, props) add_decl(base, props, "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?") end decls["m"] = function(base, props) -- The default dative singular is computed below in determine_default_masc_dat_sg(). local dat = props.default_dat_sg add_decl(base, props, "", dat, "s", "ar") end decls["m-ir"] = function(base, props) add_decl(base, props, "i", "i", "is", "ar") end decls["m-skapur"] = function(base, props) -- Nouns in -skapur; default gen is -ar, default dat is -/-, default num is sg. add_decl(base, props, "", "", "ar", "ar") end decls["m-naður"] = function(base, props) -- Nouns in -naður; default gen is -ar, default dat is dati/i:-, default nom pl is -ir, default num is sg, -- default u-mutation is uUmut. add_decl(base, props, "", {indef = "i", def = {"i", ""}}, "ar", "ir") end decls["m-kell"] = function(base, props) -- Proper nouns in -kell; [[Þorkell]], [[Grímkell]], etc. local alt_dat_s = base.stem:gsub("kel$", "katli") add_decl(base, props, "", {"i", {form = "!" .. alt_dat_s, footnotes = {"[archaic]"}}}, "s", false, false, false, false) end decls["m-ó"] = function(base, props) -- abbreviations of school names generally have null genitive: [[Kennó]] from [[Kennaraskóla]] "Teachers' College"), -- [[Astró]], [[Borgó]] (from [[Borgarholtsskóli]]), [[Bríó]], [[Foldó]] (from [[Foldaskóli]]), [[Hafró]] (from -- [[Hafrannsóknastofnun]] "Marine Research Institute" (of Norway), [[Hagó]] (from [[Hagaskóli]]), [[Húsó]], -- [[Kvennó]] (from [[Kvennaskóli]]), [[Meló]] (from [[Melaskóli]]), [[Menntó]] (from [[Menntaskóli]]), [[Tónó]] -- (from [[Tónlistarskóli]]), [[Való]] (from [[Valhúsaskóli]]), [[Versló]]/[[Verzló]] (from -- [[Verslunarskóli Íslands|Iceland Business School]]); but these are completely outweighed by male given names, -- nicknames and historical names of men in -ó (e.g. [[Bó]], [[Bóbó]], [[Brúnó]], [[Dittó]], [[Filpó]], [[Galíleó]], -- [[Jagó]], [[Kató]], [[Kristó]], [[Leó]], [[Leónardó]], [[Markó]], etc.) as well as common nouns in -ó (e.g. -- [[bóleró]] "bolero", [[evró]] "Euro (dated)", [[faraó]] "pharaoh", [[kanó]] "canoe", [[kímonó]] "kimono", -- [[mambó]] "mambo", [[pesó]] "peso", [[pikkóló]] "piccolo", [[róló]] "playground", [[sleikjó]] "lollipop", -- etc.) add_decl(base, props, "", "", "s", "ar") end decls["m-rstem"] = function(base, props) local imut = "^" add_decl(base, props, "ur", "ur", {"ur", {form = "urs", footnotes = {"[proscribed]"}}}, imut .. "ur", nil, imut .. "rum", imut .. "ra") end decls["m-ndi"] = function(base, props) -- Words in -ndi, mostly derived from present participles and mostly in [[andi]]; but cf. [[bóndi]], [[frændi]], -- and [[fjandi]] with two plurals with different meanings. local imut if props.stem:find("ænd$") then imut = "" else imut = "^" end add_decl(base, props, "a", "a", "a", imut .. "ur", nil, {imut .. "um", {form = "um", footnotes = "[obsolete]"}}, {imut .. "a", {form = "a", footnotes = "[rare]"}}) end decls["m-weak"] = function(base, props) -- Words in -i like [[tími]] "time, hour"; also words in -a e.g. [[herra]] "gentleman; sir, Mr. (term of address)", -- [[séra]]/[[síra]] "reverend" add_decl(base, props, "a", "a", "a", "ar") end decls["f"] = function(base, props) -- Normal strong feminine nouns; default to genitive -ar, plural -ir. add_decl(base, props, "", "", "ar", "ir") end decls["f-ung"] = function(base, props) -- Strong feminine nouns in -ung, e.g. [[nýjung]] "newness, novelty; piece of news", [[nauðung]] -- "constraint, compulsion". Most such nouns are singular-only, e.g. [[djörfung]] "boldness, daring", [[launung]] -- "secrecy". Occasional nouns need overrides, e.g. [[sundrung]] "scattering; dissension, division, disunity" with -- acc/dat sg either - or -u (but only - in the definite acc/dat sg). add_decl(base, props, "", "", "ar", "ar") end decls["f-ing"] = function(base, props) -- Strong feminine nouns in -ing, e.g. [[kerling]] "old woman", [[eining]] "unity; unit". Singular-only: e.g. -- [[málning] "paint", [[menning]] "culture", [[örvænting]] "despair". add_decl(base, props, "u", "u", "ar", "ar") end decls["f-ur"] = function(base, props) add_decl(base, props, "i", "i", "ar", "ir") end decls["f-i"] = function(base, props) add_decl(base, props, "i", "i", "i", "ir") end decls["f-long-vowel"] = function(base, props) -- nouns in -á, e.g. [[á]] "river", [[gjá]] "gorge, canyon", [[skuggská]] "mirror", [[slá]] "door bolt"; -- nouns in -ó, e.g. [[fló]] "flea", [[kónguló]] "spider", [[kló]] "claw"; -- nouns in -ú, e.g. [[frú]] "married woman", [[trú]] "faith, belief". -- Each is slightly different. local gen, nompl if props.stem:find("á$") then gen = "r" nompl = "r" elseif props.stem:find("ó$") then gen = "ar" nompl = "^r" elseif props.stem:find("ú$") then gen = "ar" nompl = "r" else error(("Unrecognized stem '%s' for long-vowel feminine; should end in -á, -ó or -ú")) end add_decl(base, props, "", "", gen, nompl, nompl, "m", {indef = "a", def = ""}) end decls["f-long-umlaut-vowel-r"] = function(base, props) -- nouns in long umlauted vowel + -r: [[kýr]] "cow", [[sýr]] "sow (archaic)", [[ær]] and compounds. add_decl(base, props, "", "", "^r", "^r", "^r", "m", {indef = "a", def = ""}) end decls["f-acc-dat-i"] = function(base, props) -- Some proper female names with -i in the acc and dat sg add_decl(base, props, "i", "i", "ar", "ar") end decls["f-rstem"] = function(base, props) local imut if props.stem:find("syst$") then imut = "" else imut = "^" end local sg_ending = {"ur", {form = "ir", footnotes = {"[proscribed]"}}} add_decl(base, props, sg_ending, sg_ending, sg_ending, imut .. "ur", nil, imut .. "rum", imut .. "ra") end decls["f-weak"] = function(base, props) add_decl(base, props, "u", "u", "u", "ur") end decls["n"] = function(base, props) -- Normal (strong) neuter nouns. add_decl(base, props, "", "i", "s", "^^") end decls["n-já"] = function(base, props) -- [[tré]] "tree; wood"; [[hné]]/[[kné]] "knee"; [[fé]] "sheep; cattle; money"; the stem has previously been set -- to not include final -é; fé has genitive fjár while the others have genitive in -és. local gen = props.stem:find("f$") and "jár" or "és" add_decl_with_nom_sg(base, props, "é%", "é%", "é", gen, "é%", "é%", "jám", {indef = "jáa", def = "já"}) end decls["n-i"] = function(base, props) -- Neuter nouns in -i, e.g. [[kvæði]] "poem, song". Nouns in -ki and -gi e.g. [[ríki]] "state, kingdom" and [[engi]] -- "meadow" have j-insertion by default, which is set elsewhere. add_decl(base, props, "i", "i", "is", "i") end decls["n-weak"] = function(base, props) -- "Weak" neuter nouns in -a, e.g. [[auga]] "eye", [[hjarta]] "heart". U-mutation occurs in the nom/acc/dat pl but -- doesn't need to be indicated explicitly because the ending begins with u-. add_decl(base, props, "a", "a", "a", "u") end decls["adj"] = function(base, props) local state = base.props.weak and "wk" or "str" if state == "str" then error("FIXME: Not implemented yet") local props = {} -- FIXME, write the in-between code local propspec = table.concat(props, ".") if propspec ~= "" then propspec = "<" .. propspec .. ">" end local adj_alternant_multiword_spec = require("Module:is-adjective").do_generate_forms({base.lemma .. propspec}) local function copy(from_slot, to_slot, do_clone) local source = adj_alternant_multiword_spec.forms[from_slot] if do_clone then source = m_table.deepcopy(source) end base.forms[to_slot] = source end local function copy_gender_number_forms(gender, number, state) for _, case in ipairs(cases) do -- We want to avoid sharing form objects (although sharing footnotes is OK, but we don't avoid cloning them -- here) so we can later side-effect form objects as needed. copy(state .. "_" .. case .. "_" .. gender .. "_" .. number, "ind_" .. case .. "_" .. number) copy(state .. "_" .. case .. "_" .. gender .. "_" .. number, "def_" .. case .. "_" .. number, "do clone") end end if base.number ~= "pl" then copy_gender_number_forms(base.gender, "s", state) end if base.number ~= "sg" then copy_gender_number_forms(base.gender, "p", state) end else -- FIXME: this code should go away if base.gender == "m" then add_decl(base, props, "a", "a", "a", "u", "u", "u", "u") elseif base.gender == "f" then add_decl(base, props, "u", "u", "u", "u", "u", "u", "u") elseif base.gender == "n" then add_decl(base, props, "a", "a", "a", "u", "u", "u", "u") else error(("Internal error: Unrecognized gender '%s'"):format(base.gender)) end end end local function set_pron_defaults(base) if base.gender or base.number or base.definiteness then error("Can't specify gender, number or definiteness for pronouns") end local function pron_props() -- Return values are GENDER, NUMBER if base.lemma == "ég" or base.lemma == "þú" then return "none", "sg" elseif base.lemma == "við" or base.lemma == "þið" then return "none", "pl" elseif base.lemma == "hann" then return "m", "sg" elseif base.lemma == "hún" then return "f", "sg" elseif base.lemma == "það" then return "n", "sg" elseif base.lemma == "þeir" then return "m", "pl" elseif base.lemma == "þær" then return "f", "pl" elseif base.lemma == "þau" then return "n", "pl" elseif base.lemma == "sig" then return "none", "none" else error(("Unrecognized pronoun '%s'"):format(base.lemma)) end end local gender, number = pron_props() base.gender = gender base.actual_gender = gender base.number = number base.actual_number = number base.definiteness = "none" end local function determine_pronoun_props(base) base.prop_sets = {{stem = {form = ""}}} base.decl = "pron" end decls["pron"] = function(base, props) if base.lemma == "ég" then add_sg_decl(base, props, "mig", "mér", "mín") elseif base.lemma == "þú" then add_sg_decl(base, props, "þig", "þér", "þín") elseif base.lemma == "hann" then add_sg_decl(base, props, "hann", "honum", "hans") elseif base.lemma == "hún" then add_sg_decl(base, props, "hana", "henni", "hennar") elseif base.lemma == "það" then add_sg_decl(base, props, "það", "því", "þess") elseif base.lemma == "við" then add_pl_only_decl(base, props, "okkur", "okkur", "okkar") elseif base.lemma == "þið" then add_pl_only_decl(base, props, "ykkur", "ykkur", "ykkar") elseif base.lemma == "þeir" then add_pl_only_decl(base, props, "þá", "þeim", "þeirra") elseif base.lemma == "þær" then add_pl_only_decl(base, props, "þær", "þeim", "þeirra") elseif base.lemma == "þau" then add_pl_only_decl(base, props, "þau", "þeim", "þeirra") elseif base.lemma == "sig" then -- Underlyingly we handle [[sig]]'s slots as singular. add_decl_with_nom_sg(base, props, false, "*", "sér", "sín", false, false, false, false) else error(("Internal error: Unrecognized pronoun lemma '%s'"):format(base.lemma)) end end local function set_det_defaults(base) -- FIXME: Update for Icelandic if base.gender or base.number or base.definiteness then error("Can't specify gender, number or definiteness for determiner") end local function det_props() -- Return values are GENDER, NUMBER, DEFINITENESS. return "none", "none", "none" end local gender, number = det_props() base.gender = gender base.actual_gender = gender base.number = number base.actual_number = number end local function determine_determiner_props(base) -- FIXME: Update for Icelandic if base.prop_sets then error("Reducible and vowel alternation specs cannot be given with determiners") end local stem = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*)" .. com.vowel_c .. "$") or base.lemma base.prop_sets = {{vowel_stem = stem, nonvowel_stem = stem}} base.decl = "det" end decls["det"] = function(base, props) -- FIXME: Update for Icelandic add_sg_decl(base, props, "a", "a", "*", nil, "a", "a") end -- Return the lemmas for this term. The return value is a list of {form = FORM, footnotes = FOOTNOTES}. -- If `linked_variant` is given, return the linked variants (with embedded links if specified that way by the user), -- otherwies return variants with any embedded links removed. If `remove_footnotes` is given, remove any -- footnotes attached to the lemmas. function export.get_lemmas(alternant_multiword_spec, linked_variant, remove_footnotes) -- FIXME: Update for Icelandic local slots_to_fetch = potential_lemma_slots local linked_suf = linked_variant and "_linked" or "" for _, slot in ipairs(slots_to_fetch) do if alternant_multiword_spec.forms[slot .. linked_suf] then local lemmas = alternant_multiword_spec.forms[slot .. linked_suf] if remove_footnotes then local lemmas_no_footnotes = {} for _, lemma in ipairs(lemmas) do table.insert(lemmas_no_footnotes, {form = lemma.form}) end return lemmas_no_footnotes else return lemmas end end end return {} end local function handle_derived_slots_and_overrides(base) -- Process slot overrides: First slots specified after the gender, then individual slot overrides specified as -- separate indicators. process_slot_overrides(base) -- Compute linked versions of potential lemma slots, for use in {{is-noun}}. We substitute the original lemma -- (before removing links) for forms that are the same as the lemma, if the original lemma has links. for _, slot in ipairs(potential_lemma_slots) do iut.insert_forms(base.forms, slot .. "_linked", iut.map_forms(base.forms[slot], function(form) if form == base.orig_lemma_no_links and rfind(base.orig_lemma, "%[%[") then return base.orig_lemma else return form end end)) end end -- Process specs given by the user using 'addnote[SLOTSPEC][FOOTNOTE][FOOTNOTE][...]'. local function process_addnote_specs(base) for _, spec in ipairs(base.addnote_specs) do for _, slot_spec in ipairs(spec.slot_specs) do slot_spec = "^" .. slot_spec .. "$" for slot, forms in pairs(base.forms) do if rfind(slot, slot_spec) then -- To save on memory, side-effect the existing forms. for _, form in ipairs(forms) do form.footnotes = iut.combine_footnotes(form.footnotes, spec.footnotes) end end end end end end local function is_regular_noun(base) return not base.props.adj and not base.props.pron and not base.props.det end local function process_declnumber(base) base.actual_number = base.number if base.declnumber then if base.declnumber == "sg" or base.declnumber == "pl" then base.number = base.declnumber else error(("Unrecognized value '%s' for 'declnumber', should be 'sg' or 'pl'"):format(base.declnumber)) end end end -- Map `fn` over an override spec (either `gens`, `pls` or one of the overrides in `overrides`). `fn` is passed one -- item (the form object of the override), which it can mutate if needed. If it ever returns non-nil, mapping stops -- and that value is returned as the return value of `map_override`; otherwise mapping runs to completion and nil is -- returned. local function map_override(override, fn) if not override then return nil end local function map_one_list(list) if not list then return nil end for _, formobj in ipairs(list) do local retval = fn(formobj) if retval ~= nil then return retval end end return nil end local retval = map_one_list(override.indef) if retval ~= nil then return retval end return map_one_list(override.def) end -- Map `fn` over all override specs in `base` (`gens`, `pls` and the overrides in `overrides`). `fn` is passed one -- item (the form object of the override), which it can mutate if needed. If it ever returns non-nil, mapping stops -- and that value is returned as the return value of `map_override`; otherwise mapping runs to completion and nil is -- returned. local function map_all_overrides(base, fn) for slot, override in pairs(base.overrides) do local retval = map_override(override, fn) if retval ~= nil then return retval end end local retval = map_override(base.gens, fn) if retval ~= nil then return retval end return map_override(base.pls, fn) end -- Like iut.split_alternating_runs_and_strip_spaces(), but ensure that backslash-escaped commas and periods are not -- treated as separators. local function split_alternating_runs_with_escapes(segments, splitchar) for i, segment in ipairs(segments) do segment = rsub(segment, "\\,", SUB_ESCAPED_COMMA) segments[i] = rsub(segment, "\\%.", SUB_ESCAPED_PERIOD) end local separated_groups = put.split_alternating_runs_and_strip_spaces(segments, splitchar) for _, separated_group in ipairs(separated_groups) do for i, segment in ipairs(separated_group) do segment = rsub(segment, SUB_ESCAPED_COMMA, ",") separated_group[i] = rsub(segment, SUB_ESCAPED_PERIOD, ".") end end return separated_groups end local function fetch_footnotes(separated_group, parse_err) local footnotes for j = 2, #separated_group - 1, 2 do if separated_group[j + 1] ~= "" then parse_err("Extraneous text after bracketed footnotes: '" .. table.concat(separated_group) .. "'") end if not footnotes then footnotes = {} end table.insert(footnotes, separated_group[j]) end return footnotes end -- Fetch and parse a slot override, e.g. "ar:s" or "um:m[archaic]/um" or "i:!Þorkatli[archaic]" (where ! indicates that -- the override is the full form including the stem); that is, everything after the slot name(s). `segments` is the -- input in the form of a list where the footnotes have been separated out (see `parse_override` below); `spectype` is -- used in error messages and specifies e.g. "genitive" or "dat+gen slot override"; `allow_blank` indicates that a -- completely blank override spec is allowed (in that case, nil will be returned); `defslot`, if true, indicates that -- we're processing a definite slot override, i.e. two slash-separated specs (indefinite and definite) are not allowed -- and the return overrides will be stored into `def`; and `parse_err` is a function of one argument to throw a parse -- error. The return value is an object containing fields `indef` and/or `def`, of the format described below in the -- comment above `parse_override`. local function fetch_slot_override(segments, spectype, allow_blank, defslot, parse_err) if allow_blank and #segments == 1 and segments[1] == "" then return nil end local slash_separated_groups = iut.split_alternating_runs_and_strip_spaces(segments, "/") if #slash_separated_groups > 2 then parse_err(("Can specify at most two slash-separated override groups for %s, but saw %s"):format( spectype, #slash_separated_groups)) end if slash_separated_groups[2] and defslot then parse_err(("Can't specify two slash-separated override groups for %s; the second override group is for the definite slot variant, but the slot is already definite"):format( spectype)) end local ret = {} for i, slash_separated_group in ipairs(slash_separated_groups) do local retfield = defslot and "def" or i == 1 and "indef" or "def" if #slash_separated_group == 1 and slash_separated_group[1] == "" then ret[retfield] = false else local colon_separated_groups = iut.split_alternating_runs_and_strip_spaces(slash_separated_group, ":") local specs = {} for _, colon_separated_group in ipairs(colon_separated_groups) do local form = colon_separated_group[1] if form == "" then parse_err(("Use - to indicate an empty ending for %s: '%s'"):format(spectype, table.concat(segments))) elseif form == "-" then form = "" elseif form == "--" then -- missing form = "-" end local new_spec = {form = form, footnotes = fetch_footnotes(colon_separated_group, parse_err)} for _, existing_spec in ipairs(specs) do if existing_spec.form == new_spec.form then parse_err("Duplicate " .. spectype .. " spec '" .. table.concat(colon_separated_group) .. "'") end end table.insert(specs, new_spec) end ret[retfield] = specs end end return ret end --[=[ Parse a single override spec (e.g. 'dat-:i/-' or 'nompl+accpl^/' or 'defnompl+defaccpl!sumrin[when referring to summers in general]:!sumurin[when referring to a specific number of summers]') and return two values: the slot(s) the override applies to, and an object describing the override spec. The input is actually a list where the footnotes have been separated out; for example, given the third example spec above, the input will be a list {"defnompl+defaccpl!sumrin", "[when referring to summers in general]", ":!sumurin", "[when referring to a specific number of summers]", ""}. The object returned for 'dat-:i[mostly in the context of violent actions]/-' looks like this: { indef = { { form = "" }, { form = "i", footnotes = {"[mostly in the context of violent actions]"} } }, def = { { form = "" } } } The object returned for '!nompl+accpl^/' looks like this: { indef = { { form = "^" }, }, def = false } The object returned for 'defnompl+defaccpl!sumrin[when referring to summers in general]:!sumurin[when referring to a specific number of summers]' looks like this: { def = { { form = "!sumrin", footnotes = {"[when referring to summers in general]"} }, { form = "!sumurin", footnotes = {"[when referring to a specific number of summers]"} } } } ]=] local function parse_override(segments, parse_err) local part = segments[1] local slots = {} local defslot while true do local this_defslot if part:find("^def") then this_defslot = true part = usub(part, 4) else this_defslot = false end if defslot == nil then defslot = this_defslot elseif defslot ~= this_defslot then parse_err(("When multiple slot overrides are combined with +, all must be definite or indefinite: '%s'"): format(table.concat(segments))) end local case = usub(part, 1, 3) if case_set[case] then -- ok else parse_err(("Unrecognized case '%s' in override: '%s'"):format(case, table.concat(segments))) end part = usub(part, 4) local slot = defslot and "def_" or "" if rfind(part, "^pl") then part = usub(part, 3) slot = slot .. case .. "_p" else slot = slot .. case .. "_s" end table.insert(slots, slot) if rfind(part, "^%+") then part = usub(part, 2) else break end end segments[1] = part local retval = fetch_slot_override(segments, ("%s slot override"):format(table.concat(slots, "+")), false, defslot, parse_err) return slots, retval end -- Find the declension spec by scraping the contents of the Icelandic section of `lemma`, looking for {{is-ndecl}} -- calls. if `declid` is given, it must match the value of the |id= param specified to {{is-ndecl}}; otherwise, any -- {{is-ndecl}} call will work. If anything goes wrong in the process, a string is returned describing the error -- message; otherwise a table of declensions is returned, each containing a field `decl` with the declension spec. The -- declension spec comes from the |deriv=, |deriv2=, etc. params in {{is-ndecl}} if specified and `is_deriv` is given; -- otherwise from 1=, 2=, etc. Exported so it can be called from [[Module:gmq-headword]]. function export.find_declension(lemma, is_deriv, declid) local title = mw.title.new(lemma) if title then local content = title:getContent() if content then local icelandic = require(pages_module).get_section(content, "Icelandic") if icelandic then local num_is_ndecl = 0 local decl_sets_by_id = {} local decl_sets_without_id = {} local ordered_seen_ids = {} for template in require(template_parser_module).find_templates(icelandic) do if template:get_name() == "is-ndecl" then num_is_ndecl = num_is_ndecl + 1 local args = template:get_arguments() local decls = {} if is_deriv and args.deriv then local i = 1 while true do local deriv_param = "deriv" .. (i == 1 and "" or tostring(i)) if args[deriv_param] then table.insert(decls, {decl = args[deriv_param]}) i = i + 1 else break end end elseif not args[1] then return ("For Icelandic base lemma '[[%s]]', saw no declension spec in 1="):format(lemma) else local i = 1 while true do if args[i] then table.insert(decls, {decl = args[i]}) i = i + 1 else break end end end local decl_set = {decls = decls} if args.id then if decl_sets_by_id[args.id] then return ("For Icelandic base lemma '[[%s]]', saw id='%s' twice"):format(args.id) end decl_sets_by_id[args.id] = decl_set m_table.insertIfNot(ordered_seen_ids, args.id) else table.insert(decl_sets_without_id, decl_set) end end end local function concat_ordered_seen_ids() local quoted_seen_ids = {} for _, seen_id in ipairs(ordered_seen_ids) do table.insert(quoted_seen_ids, "'" .. seen_id .. "'") end return m_table.serialCommaJoin(quoted_seen_ids, {dontTag = true}) end if ordered_seen_ids[1] and decl_sets_without_id[1] then return ("For Icelandic base lemma '[[%s]]', saw %s [[テンプレート:is-ndecl]]%s with id=%s " .. "as well as %s [[Template:is-ndecl]]%s without ID; this is not allowed; with multiple " .. "[[Template:is-ndecl]] calls, all must have id= params"):format(#ordered_seen_ids, ordered_seen_ids[2] and "'s" or "", concat_ordered_seen_ids(), #decl_sets_without_id, decl_sets_without_id[2] and "'s" or "") elseif not ordered_seen_ids[1] and not decl_sets_without_id[1] then return ("For Icelandic base lemma '[[%s]]', found Icelandic section but couldn't find " .. "any calls to [[Template:is-ndecl]]"):format(lemma) elseif #decl_sets_without_id > 1 then return ("For Icelandic base lemma '[[%s]]', found %s [[テンプレート:is-ndecl]]'s without " .. "ID's; this is not allowed; with multiple [[テンプレート:is-ndecl]] calls, all must have " .. "id= params"):format(lemma, #decl_sets_without_id) elseif declid then if decl_sets_by_id[declid] then return decl_sets_by_id[declid].decls elseif ordered_seen_ids[1] then return ("For Icelandic base lemma '[[%s]]', found Icelandic section but couldn't find " .. "any declensions matching ID '%s'; instead found ID's %s; you may have misspelled " .. "the ID"):format(lemma, declid, concat_ordered_seen_ids()) else return ("For Icelandic base lemma '[[%s]]', found Icelandic section with a single " .. "[[テンプレート:is-ndecl]] without ID, but ID requirement '%s' specified; consider " .. "removing the ID requirement"):format(lemma, declid) end elseif decl_sets_without_id[1] then -- only one {{is-ndecl}}, and it doesn't have an id=; return it return decl_sets_without_id[1].decls elseif ordered_seen_ids[2] then return ("For Icelandic base lemma '[[%s]]', saw %s [[テンプレート:is-ndecl]]'s with id=%s " .. "but with a request to return the declension without ID; consider adding an ID " .. "restriction to the scrape request, e.g. '@@:%s' for self-scraping or '@%s:%s' for " .. "scraping from another page"):format(lemma, #ordered_seen_ids, concat_ordered_seen_ids(), ordered_seen_ids[1], usub(lemma, 1, 1), ordered_seen_ids[1]) else return ("For Icelandic base lemma '[[%s]]', found Icelandic section with a single " .. "[[テンプレート:is-ndecl]] with id=%s, but the scrape request didn't specify an ID; " .. "consider removing the id= param from the [[テンプレート:is-ndecl]] call unless you " .. "expect to add more such calls to the page in the future (in which case add the ID " .. "to the scrape request, e.g. '@@:%s' for self-scraping or '@%s:%s' for scraping from " .. "another page"):format(lemma, concat_ordered_seen_ids(), ordered_seen_ids[1], usub(lemma, 1, 1), ordered_seen_ids[1]) end else return ("For Icelandic base lemma '[[%s]]', page exists but has no Icelandic section"):format(lemma) end else return ("For Icelandic base lemma '[[%s]]', couldn't fetch contents for page; page may not exist"): format(lemma) end else return ("Bad Icelandic base lemma '[[%s]]'; couldn't create title object"):format(lemma) end end -- Find and return the prefix, base noun and decl spec for a scraped noun given `lemma` (the lemma with an `@l` or -- similar indicator spec), the scraping spec (e.g. "l", i.e. the portion after the @ sign), and optionally a `declid` -- restriction. The base noun is the noun whose declension was scraped, and `prefix` is the portion of the lemma before -- the base noun (which must be a suffix of the lemma). For example, if `lemma` is [[ljósabekkur]] "sunbed, tanning bed" -- and `scrape_spec` is "@b", the base noun will be [[bekkur]] "bench" and the prefix will be "ljósa". The decl -- returned will be either an object containing a field `decl` containing the scraped decl spec, or a string indicating -- an error to display. local function find_scraped_decl(lemma, scrape_spec, scrape_is_suffix, scrape_is_uppercase, declid) local lemma_minus_r, final_nom_ending = parse_off_final_nom_ending(lemma) local escaped_scrape_spec = m_string_utilities.pattern_escape(scrape_spec) local prefix, base_noun = rmatch(lemma_minus_r, "^(.*)(" .. escaped_scrape_spec .. ".-)$") if not prefix then error(("Can't determine base noun to scrape given lemma '%s' and scraping spec '@%s'; scraping spec not " .. "found in lemma"):format(lemma, scrape_spec)) end base_noun = base_noun .. final_nom_ending if scrape_is_uppercase then local base_first, base_rest = rmatch(base_noun, "^(.)(.*)$") if not base_first then error(("Internal error: Something wrong, couldn't match a single character in %s"):format(dump(base_noun))) end base_noun = uupper(base_first) .. base_rest end if scrape_is_suffix then base_noun = "-" .. base_noun end local decl = export.find_declension(base_noun, "is deriv", declid) local errmsg = nil if type(decl) == "table" then if decl[2] then errmsg = ("For Icelandic base lemma '[[%s]]', saw %s declension specs; currently, can only handle one"): format(base_noun, #decl) else decl = decl[1] local argspec = decl.decl if argspec:find("<") then errmsg = ("For Icelandic base lemma '[[%s]]', saw explicit angle bracket spec in declension, likely " .. "indicating a multiword declension; can't handle yet: %s"):format(lemma, argspec) elseif argspec:find("%(%(") then errmsg = ("For Icelandic base lemma '[[%s]]', saw alternant specs; can't handle yet: %s"): format(lemma, argspec) end end if errmsg then decl = errmsg end end return prefix, base_noun, decl end local function parse_inside(base, inside, is_scraped_noun) local function parse_err(msg) error((is_scraped_noun and "Error processing scraped noun spec: " or "") .. msg .. ": <" .. inside .. ">") end local segments = iut.parse_balanced_segment_run(inside, "[", "]") local dot_separated_groups = split_alternating_runs_with_escapes(segments, "%.") for i, dot_separated_group in ipairs(dot_separated_groups) do -- Parse a "mutation" spec such as "umut,uUmut[rare]" or "-unuUmut,unuUmut" or "imut". This assumes the -- mutation spec is contained in `dot_separated_group` (already split on brackets) and the result of parsing -- should go in `base[dest]`. `allowed_specs` is a list of the allowed mutation specs in this group, such -- as {"umut", "Umut", "uumut", "uUmut", "u_mut"} or {"imut", "-imut"}. The result of parsing is a list of -- structures of the form { -- form = "FORM", -- footnotes = nil or {"FOOTNOTE", "FOOTNOTE", ...}, -- }. local function parse_mutation_spec(dest, allowed_specs) if base[dest] then parse_err(("Can't specify '%s'-type mutation spec twice; second such spec is '%s'"):format( dest, table.concat(dot_separated_group))) end base[dest] = {} local comma_separated_groups = split_alternating_runs_with_escapes(dot_separated_group, ",") for _, comma_separated_group in ipairs(comma_separated_groups) do local specobj = {} local spec = comma_separated_group[1] if not m_table.contains(allowed_specs, spec) then parse_err(("For '%s'-type mutation spec, saw unrecognized spec '%s'; valid values are %s"): format(dest, spec, generate_list_of_possibilities_for_err(allowed_specs))) else specobj.form = spec end specobj.footnotes = fetch_footnotes(comma_separated_group, parse_err) table.insert(base[dest], specobj) end end local part = dot_separated_group[1] if i == 1 and part ~= "+" and not part:find("^@") and part ~= "pron" then local comma_separated_groups = split_alternating_runs_with_escapes(dot_separated_group, ",") if #comma_separated_groups > 3 then parse_err(("At most three comma-separated specs are allowed but saw %s"):format( #comma_separated_groups)) end if comma_separated_groups[1][2] then parse_err("Footnotes not allowed on gender indicator") end base.gender = comma_separated_groups[1][1] if not base.gender:find("^[mfn]$") then parse_err(("Unrecognized gender '%s', should be 'm', 'f' or 'n'"):format(base.gender)) end if comma_separated_groups[2] then base.gens = fetch_slot_override(comma_separated_groups[2], "genitive", true, false, parse_err) end if comma_separated_groups[3] then base.pls = fetch_slot_override(comma_separated_groups[3], "nominative plural", true, false, parse_err) end elseif part == "" then if not dot_separated_group[2] then parse_err("Blank indicator; not allowed without attached footnotes") end base.footnotes = fetch_footnotes(dot_separated_group, parse_err) elseif part == "addnote" then local spec_and_footnotes = fetch_footnotes(dot_separated_group, parse_err) if #spec_and_footnotes < 2 then parse_err("Spec with 'addnote' should be of the form 'addnote[SLOTSPEC][FOOTNOTE][FOOTNOTE][...]'") end local slot_spec = table.remove(spec_and_footnotes, 1) local slot_spec_inside = rmatch(slot_spec, "^%[(.*)%]$") if not slot_spec_inside then parse_err("Internal error: slot_spec " .. slot_spec .. " should be surrounded with brackets") end local slot_specs = rsplit(slot_spec_inside, ",") -- FIXME: Here, [[Module:it-verb]] called strip_spaces(). Generally we don't do this. Should we? table.insert(base.addnote_specs, {slot_specs = slot_specs, footnotes = spec_and_footnotes}) elseif ulen(part) > 3 and case_set[usub(part, 1, 3)] or ( ulen(part) > 6 and usub(part, 1, 3) == "def" and case_set[usub(part, 4, 6)]) then local slots, override = parse_override(dot_separated_group, parse_err) for _, slot in ipairs(slots) do if base.overrides[slot] then error(("Two overrides specified for slot '%s'"):format(slot)) else base.overrides[slot] = override end end elseif part:find("^[Uu]+_?mut") then parse_mutation_spec("umut", {"umut", "Umut", "uumut", "uUmut", "u_mut"}) elseif not part:find("^imutval") and part:find("^%-?imut") then parse_mutation_spec("imut", {"imut", "-imut"}) elseif part:find("^%-?un[uU]+_?mut") then parse_mutation_spec("unumut", {"unumut", "unUmut", "unuumut", "unuUmut", "unu_mut", "-unumut", "-unUmut", "-unuumut", "-unuUmut", "-unu_mut"}) elseif part:find("^%-?unimut") then parse_mutation_spec("unimut", {"unimut", "-unimut"}) elseif part:find("^%-?con") then parse_mutation_spec("con", {"con", "-con"}) elseif part:find("^%-?defcon") then parse_mutation_spec("defcon", {"defcon", "-defcon"}) elseif not part:find("^já") and part:find("^%-?j") then -- don't trip over .já indicator parse_mutation_spec("j", {"j", "-j"}) elseif not part:find("^vstem") and part:find("^%-?v") then parse_mutation_spec("v", {"v", "-v"}) elseif #dot_separated_group > 1 then parse_err( ("Footnotes only allowed with slot overrides, negatable indicators and by themselves: '%s'"): format(table.concat(dot_separated_group))) elseif part:find("^decllemma%s*:") or part:find("^declgender%s*:") or part:find("^declnumber%s*:") then local field, value = part:match("^(decl[a-z]+)%s*:%s*(.+)$") if not value then parse_err(("Syntax error in decllemma/declgender/declnumber indicator: '%s'"):format(part)) end if base[field] then parse_err(("Can't specify '%s:' twice"):format(field)) end base[field] = value elseif part:find("^q%s*:") or part:find("header%s*:") then local field, value = part:match("^(q)%s*:%s*(.+)$") if not value then field, value = part:match("^(header)%s*:%s*(.+)$") end if not value then parse_err(("Syntax error in q/header indicator: '%s'"):format(part)) end if base[field] then parse_err(("Can't specify '%s:' twice"):format(field)) end base[field] = value elseif part:find("^@") then if base.scrape_spec then parse_err("Can't specify scrape directive '@...' twice") end if part:find(":") then base.scrape_is_suffix, base.scrape_spec, base.scrape_id = part:match("^@(%-?)(.-)%s*:%s*(.+)$") else base.scrape_is_suffix, base.scrape_spec = part:match("^@(%-?)(.-)$") end -- If we saw a hyphen, set `scrape_is_suffix` to true, otherwise false base.scrape_is_suffix = base.scrape_is_suffix == "-" if not base.scrape_spec or base.scrape_spec == "" then parse_err(("Syntax error in scrape directive '%s"):format(part)) end local scrape_init, scrape_rest = rmatch(base.scrape_spec, "^(.)(.*)$") local lower_scrape_init = ulower(scrape_init) if ulower(scrape_init) ~= scrape_init then base.scrape_is_uppercase = true base.scrape_spec = lower_scrape_init .. scrape_rest end elseif rfind(part, ":") then local spec, value = part:match("^([a-z]+)%s*:%s*(.+)$") if not spec then parse_err(("Syntax error in indicator with value, expecting alphabetic slot or stem/lemma override indicator: '%s'"):format(part)) end if not overridable_stem_set[spec] then parse_err(("Unrecognized stem override indicator '%s', should be %s"):format( part, generate_list_of_possibilities_for_err(overridable_stems))) end if base[spec] then if spec == "stem" then parse_err("Can't specify spec for 'stem:' twice (including using 'stem:' along with # or ##)") else parse_err(("Can't specify '%s:' twice"):format(spec)) end end base[spec] = value elseif part == "sg" or part == "pl" or part == "both" then if base.number then if base.number ~= part then parse_err("Can't specify '" .. part .. "' along with '" .. base.number .. "'") else parse_err("Can't specify '" .. part .. "' twice") end end base.number = part elseif part == "indef" or part == "def" or part == "bothdef" then if base.definiteness then if base.definiteness ~= part then parse_err(("Can't specify two conflicting definiteness values; saw '%s' (%s) when existing definiteness is %s"): format(part, definiteness_code_to_desc[part], definiteness_code_to_desc[base.definiteness])) else parse_err("Can't specify '" .. part .. "' twice") end end base.definiteness = part elseif part == "#" or part == "##" then if base.stem then parse_err("Can't specify a stem spec ('stem:', # or ##) twice") end base.stem = part elseif part == "+" then if base.props.adj then parse_err("Can't specify '+' twice") end base.props.adj = true elseif part == "proper" or part == "common" or part == "dem" or part == "weak" or part == "iending" or part == "rstem" or part == "já" or part == "pron" or part == "indecl" or part == "decl?" then if base.props[part] then parse_err("Can't specify '" .. part .. "' twice") end base.props[part] = true else parse_err("Unrecognized indicator '" .. part .. "'") end end return base end --[=[ Create an empty `base` object for holding the result of parsing and later the generated forms. The object is of the form { overrides = { SLOT = OVERRIDE, SLOT = OVERRIDE, ... }, -- where SLOT is the actual name of the slot, such as "ind_gen_s" (NOT the slot name as specified by the user, which would be just "gen" for "ind_gen_s") and OVERRIDE is {indef = {FORMOBJ, FORMOBJ, ...}, def = nil or false or {FORMOBJ, FORMOBJ, ...}}, where FORMOBJ is {form = FORM, footnotes = FOOTNOTES} as in the `forms` table ("-" means to suppress the slot entirely and is signaled by "--" as the form value; a value preceded by ! means it's a full form rather than an ending; in such forms you can use # to indicate the lemma and ## to indicate the lemma minus -ur or -r, as with stems); `indef` means the override(s) coming before a slash; `def` means the override(s) coming after a slash, or the overrides for definite slots, and `false` for either means that the user left the value before or after the slash completely blank, meaning not to override the indefinite or definite forms gens = nil or OVERRIDE, same form as OVERRIDE above pls = nil or OVERRIDE, same form as OVERRIDE above forms = {}, -- forms for a single spec alternant; see `forms` below props = { PROP = true, PROP = true, ... }, -- misc Boolean properties: * "dem" (a demonym, i.e. a capitalized noun such as [[Svisslendingur]] "Swiss person" that behaves like a common noun); * "proper" (a lowercase noun that behaves like a proper noun, i.e. defaults to no plural or definite forms); * "rstem" (an r-stem like [[bróðir]] "brother" or [[dóttir]] "daughter"); * "já" (a neuter in -é whose stem alternates with -já, such as [[tré]] "tree" and [[hné]]/[[kné]] "knee"); * "weak" (the noun should decline like an ordinary weak noun; used in the declension of [[fjandi]] to disable the special -ndi declension); number = "NUMBER", -- "sg", "pl", "both" or "none" (for certain pronouns); may be missing and if so is defaulted gender = "GENDER", -- "m", "f", "n" or "none" (for certain pronouns); always specified by the user definiteness = "DEFINITENESS", -- "def", "indef", "bothdef" or "none" (for pronouns); may be missing and if so is defaulted decllemma = nil or "DECLLEMMA", -- decline like the specified lemma declgender = nil or "DECLGENDER", -- decline like the specified gender declnumber = nil or "DECLNUMBER", -- decline like the specified number stem = nil or "STEM", -- override the stem; may have # (= lemma) or ## (= lemma minus -ur or -r) vstem = nil or "STEM", -- override the stem used before vowel-initial endings; same format as `stem` plstem = nil or "STEM", -- override the plural stem; same format as `stem` plvstem = nil or "STEM", -- override the plural stem used before vowel-initial endings; same format as `stem` footnotes = nil or {"FOOTNOTE", "FOOTNOTE", ...}, -- alternant-level footnotes, specified using `.[footnote]`, i.e. a footnote by itself addnote_specs = { ADDNOTE_SPEC, ADDNOTE_SPEC, ... }, -- where ADDNOTE_SPEC is {slot_specs = {"SPEC", "SPEC", ...}, footnotes = {"FOOTNOTE", "FOOTNOTE", ...}}; SPEC is a Lua pattern matching slots (anchored on both sides) and FOOTNOTE is a footnote to add to those slots MUTATION_GROUP = { MUTATION_SPEC, MUTATION_SPEC, ... }, -- where MUTATION_GROUP is one of "umut", "imut", "unumut", "unimut", "con", "defcon", "j" or "v", and MUTATION_SPEC is {form = "FORM", footnotes = nil or {"FOOTNOTE", "FOOTNOTE", ...}, defaulted = BOOLEAN}, where FORM is as specified by the user (e.g. "uUmut", "-unumut") or set as a default by the code (in which case `defaulted` will be set to true for mutation groups "umut" and "unumut"); the mutation groups are as follows: umut (u-mutation), imut (i-mutation), unumut (reverse u-mutation), unimut (reverse i-mutation), con (stem contraction before vowel-initial endings), defcon (stem contraction before vowel-initial definite clitics when the ending itself is null), j (j-infix before vowel-initial endings not beginning with an i), v (v-infix before vowel-initial endings) -- The following additional fields are added by other functions: orig_lemma = "ORIGINAL-LEMMA", -- as given by the user or taken from pagename orig_lemma_no_links = "ORIGINAL-LEMMA-NO-LINKS", -- links removed lemma = "LEMMA", -- `orig_lemma_no_links`, forms = { SLOT = { { form = "FORM", footnotes = nil or {"FOOTNOTE", "FOOTNOTE", ...}, }, ... }, ... }, } ]=] local function create_base() return { forms = {}, overrides = {}, props = {}, addnote_specs = {}, } end -- Set some defaults (e.g. number and definiteness) now, because they (esp. the number) may be needed -- below when determining how to merge scraped and user-specified properies. local function set_early_base_defaults(base) if not base.props.adj and not base.props.pron then local function check_err(msg) error(("Lemma '%s': %s"):format(base.lemma, msg)) end if not base.gender then check_err("Internal error: For nouns, gender must be specified") end base.number = base.number or is_proper_noun(base, base.lemma) and "sg" or base.gender == "m" and (base.lemma:find("skapur$") or base.lemma:find("naður$")) and not base.stem and "sg" or "both" base.definiteness = base.definiteness or is_proper_noun(base, base.lemma) and "indef" or "bothdef" process_declnumber(base) base.actual_gender = base.gender if base.declgender then if not base.declgender:find("^[mfn]$") then check_err(("Unrecognized gender '%s' for 'declgender:', should be 'm', 'f' or 'n'"):format( base.declgender)) end base.gender = base.declgender end end end local function parse_inside_and_merge(inside, lemma, scrape_chain) local function parse_err(msg) error(msg .. ": <" .. inside .. ">") end if #scrape_chain >= 10 then local linked_scrape_chain = {} for _, element in ipairs(scrape_chain) do table.insert(linked_scrape_chain, "[[" .. element .. "]]") end parse_err(("Probable infinite loop in scraping; scrape chain is [[%s]] -> %s"):format(lemma, table.concat(linked_scrape_chain, " -> "))) end local base = create_base() base.lemma = lemma base.scrape_chain = scrape_chain parse_inside(base, inside, #scrape_chain > 0) if not base.scrape_spec then -- If we're not scraping the declension from another noun, just return the parsed `base`. -- But don't set early defaults if we're being scraped because it interferes with overriding the number -- and/or definiteness by the noun that is scraping us. if #scrape_chain == 0 then set_early_base_defaults(base) end return base else local prefix, base_noun, declspec prefix, base_noun, declspec = find_scraped_decl(lemma, base.scrape_spec, base.scrape_is_suffix, base.scrape_is_uppercase, base.scrape_id) if type(declspec) == "string" then base.prefix = prefix base.base_noun = base_noun base.scrape_error = declspec return base end -- Parse the inside spec from the scraped noun (merging any sub-scraping specs), and copy over the -- user-specified properties on top of it. table.insert(scrape_chain, base_noun) local inner_base = parse_inside_and_merge(declspec.decl, base_noun, scrape_chain) inner_base.lemma = lemma inner_base.prefix = prefix inner_base.base_noun = base_noun -- Add `prefix` to a full variant of the base noun (e.g. a stem spec or full override). We may need -- to adjust the variant to take into account the base noun being a suffix and/or uppercase (e.g. when -- we use [[-dómur]] to generate the inflection of [[vísdómur]] or [[Björn]] to generate the inflection -- of [[Ásbjörn]]). local function add_prefix(form) if base.scrape_is_suffix then form = form:gsub("^%-", "") end if base.scrape_is_uppercase then local first, rest = rmatch(form, "^(.)(.*)$") if first then form = ulower(first) .. rest end end return prefix .. form end -- If there's a prefix, add it now to all the full overrides in the scraped noun, as well as 'decllemma' -- and all stem overrides. if prefix ~= "" then map_all_overrides(inner_base, function(formobj) -- Not if the override contains # or ##, which expand to the full lemma (possibly minus -r -- or -ur). if formobj.form:find("^!") and not formobj.form:find("#") then formobj.form = "!" .. add_prefix(usub(formobj.form, 2)) end end) if inner_base.decllemma then inner_base.decllemma = add_prefix(inner_base.decllemma) end for _, stem in ipairs(overridable_stems) do -- Only actual stems, not imutval; and not if the stem contains # or ##, which -- expand to the full lemma (possibly minus -r or -ur). if inner_base[stem] and stem:find("stem$") and not inner_base[stem]:find("#") then inner_base[stem] = add_prefix(inner_base[stem]) end end end local function copy_properties(plist) -- Copy various properties. for _, prop in ipairs(plist) do if base[prop] ~= nil then inner_base[prop] = base[prop] end end end copy_properties(mutation_specs) copy_properties(overridable_stems) copy_properties { "gens", "pls", "gender", "number", "definiteness", "decllemma", "declgender", "declnumber", "q", "header" } inner_base.footnotes = iut.combine_footnotes(inner_base.footnotes, base.footnotes) -- Copy addnote specs. for _, prop_list in ipairs { "addnote_specs" } do for _, prop in ipairs(base[prop_list]) do m_table.insertIfNot(inner_base[prop_list], prop) end end -- Now copy remaining user-specified specs into the scraped noun `base`. for _, prop_table in ipairs { "overrides", "props" } do for slot, prop in pairs(base[prop_table]) do inner_base[prop_table][slot] = prop end end -- Now determine the defaulted number and definiteness (after copying relevant settings -- but before the check just below that relies on `inner_base.number` being set). set_early_base_defaults(inner_base) -- If user specified 'sg', cancel out any pl overrides, otherwise we'll get an error. if inner_base.number == "sg" then inner_base.pls = nil for slot, _ in pairs(inner_base.overrides) do if slot:find("_p$") then inner_base.overrides[slot] = nil end end end return inner_base end end --[=[ Parse an indicator spec (text consisting of angle brackets and zero or more dot-separated indicators within them). Return value is an object of the form indicated in the comment above create_base(). ]=] local function parse_indicator_spec(angle_bracket_spec, lemma, pagename) if lemma == "" then lemma = pagename end local inside = rmatch(angle_bracket_spec, "^<(.*)>$") assert(inside) local orig_lemma = lemma local orig_lemma_no_links = m_links.remove_links(lemma) lemma = orig_lemma_no_links local base = parse_inside_and_merge(inside, lemma, {}) base.orig_lemma = orig_lemma base.orig_lemma_no_links = orig_lemma_no_links return base end local function set_defaults_and_check_bad_indicators(base) local function check_err(msg) error(("Lemma '%s': %s"):format(base.lemma, msg)) end -- Set default values. local regular_noun = is_regular_noun(base) if base.props.pron then set_pron_defaults(base) elseif base.props.det then set_det_defaults(base) elseif base.props.adj then -- FIXME: Do adjective-specific checks then return elseif not base.props.adj then -- FIXME: Do something? end if not regular_noun then for _, mutation_spec in ipairs(mutation_specs) do if base[mutation_spec] then -- FIXME, maybe with adjectives check_err(("'%s' can only be specified with regular nouns"):format(mutation_spec)) end end if base.declgender then check_err("'declgender' can only be specified with regular nouns") end return end -- Check for bad indicator combinations. if base.imut and base.unimut then check_err("'imut' and 'unimut' specs cannot be specified together") end if base.umut and base.unumut then check_err("'umut' and 'unumut' specs cannot be specified together") end if base.unimut and base.unumut then check_err("'unimut' and 'unumut' specs cannot be specified together") end if base.declnumber == "pl" and (base.gens or base.pls) then check_err("Cannot set genitive or plural specs after the gender in plural-only lemmas") end if base.plvstem and not base.plstem then check_err("When 'plvstem:' given, 'plstem:' must also be given") end -- Compute whether i-mutation stems are needed. -- First check for 'imut' set by user. if not base.need_imut then -- might be set by the detected declension if base.imut then for _, formobj in ipairs(base.imut) do if formobj.form == "imut" then base.need_imut = true break end end end end -- Then check for 'unimut' set by user. if not base.need_imut then if base.unimut then for _, formobj in ipairs(base.unimut) do if formobj.form == "unimut" then base.need_imut = true break end end end end -- Then check all overrides for any beginning with a single ^. if not base.need_imut then map_all_overrides(base, function(formobj) if formobj.form:find("^%^") and not formobj.form:find("^%^%^") then base.need_imut = true return true end end) end if base.imutval and not base.need_imut then check_err("'imutval:...' specified but 'imut' and 'unimut' not specified and no forms need i-mutation") end end local function set_all_defaults_and_check_bad_indicators(alternant_multiword_spec) local is_multiword = #alternant_multiword_spec.alternant_or_word_specs > 1 iut.map_word_specs(alternant_multiword_spec, function(base) set_defaults_and_check_bad_indicators(base) for _, global_prop in ipairs { "q", "header" } do if base[global_prop] then if alternant_multiword_spec[global_prop] == nil then alternant_multiword_spec[global_prop] = base[global_prop] elseif alternant_multiword_spec[global_prop] ~= base[global_prop] then error(("With multiple words or alternants, set '%s' on only one of them or make them all agree"): format(global_prop)) end end end if base.props.pron then alternant_multiword_spec.saw_pron = true else alternant_multiword_spec.saw_non_pron = true end if base.props.det then alternant_multiword_spec.saw_det = true else alternant_multiword_spec.saw_non_det = true end if base.props.indecl then alternant_multiword_spec.saw_indecl = true else alternant_multiword_spec.saw_non_indecl = true end if base.props["decl?"] then alternant_multiword_spec.saw_unknown_decl = true else alternant_multiword_spec.saw_non_unknown_decl = true end end) end local function expand_property_sets(base) base.prop_sets = {{}} -- Construct the prop sets from all combinations of mutation specs, in case any given spec has more than one -- possibility. for _, mutation_spec in ipairs(mutation_specs) do local specvals = base[mutation_spec] -- Handle unspecified mutation specs. if not specvals then specvals = {false} end if #specvals == 1 then for _, prop_set in ipairs(base.prop_sets) do -- Convert 'false' back to nil prop_set[mutation_spec] = specvals[1] or nil end else local new_prop_sets = {} for _, prop_set in ipairs(base.prop_sets) do for _, specval in ipairs(specvals) do local new_prop_set = m_table.shallowcopy(prop_set) new_prop_set[mutation_spec] = specval table.insert(new_prop_sets, new_prop_set) end end base.prop_sets = new_prop_sets end end end -- For a plural-only lemma, synthesize a likely singular lemma. It doesn't have to be theoretically correct as long as -- it generates all the correct plural forms. local function synthesize_singular_lemma(base) local lemma_determined -- Loop over all property sets in case the user specified multiple ones (e.g. using different mutation specs). If -- we try to reconstruct different lemmas for different property sets, we'll throw an error below. for _, props in ipairs(base.prop_sets) do local function interr(msg) error(("Internal error: For lemma '%s', %s: %s"):format(base.lemma, msg, dump(props))) end -- `ending` refers to the plural ending but is not currently used much. Instead, in add_decl(), when we process -- pl-only terms, we set the nom_pl to "*" so that the lemma is used directly. local stem, lemma, ending, sg_ending, default_unumut if base.gender == "m" or base.gender == "f" then stem, ending = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*)([aiu]r)$") if stem then -- masc: -- -- [[tónkeikar]] "concert"; [[feðgar]] "father and son"; [[hafrar]] "oats" (dat pl höfrum); -- [[fjármunir]] "goods, property"; [[Fljótsdælir]] "inhabitants of Fljótsdalur (a valley)" -- (occurs definite, needs 'dem', no unimut); [[Ásmegir]] "sons of the Gods" (occurs definite, dat -- pl Ásmögum, gen pl Ásmaga, i.e. needs 'def' and 'unimut'); similarly [[ljóðmegir]]; -- [[buskuleggir]] "?" (has 'j' in dat pl [[buskuleggjum]], gen pl [[buskuleggja]]; [[Bekkir]] -- (place name; has 'j' in dat pl [[Bekkjum]], gen pl [[Bekkja]]) -- -- fem: -- [[frönskur]] "French fries" (with unumut); [[hjólbörur]] "wheelbarrow" (with unumut); [[buxur]] -- "trousers, pants", [[hættur]] "bedtime; quitting time" (with unimut); [[herðar]] "shoulders"; -- [[limar]] "branches"; [[öfgar]] "exaggeration, extreme" (no unumut); [[drefjar]] -- "stains, traces"; [[viðjar]] "chains, fetters"; many others in -jar, but the -j- is throughout -- the plural; [[svalir]] "balcony; porch"; [[dyr]] "doorway" (uses decllemma:dyrir) if ending == "ur" then default_unumut = "unumut" end sg_ending = "ur" elseif base.lemma:find("ær$") then -- [[barnatær]], [[fultær]], proper name [[Tær]] stem = base.lemma sg_ending = "" else error(("Masculine or feminine plural-only lemma '%s' should end in -ar, -ir or -ur"):format(base.lemma)) end elseif base.gender == "n" then -- Neuters in -i. Examples: [[fræði]] "branch of knowledge", [[jafndægri]] "equinox", [[meðmæli]] -- "recommendation", [[sannindi]] "truth", [[skæri]] "pair of scissors", [[vísindi]] "knowedge, learning". -- unimut is possible and occurs in [[læti]] "behavior, demeanor", [[ólæti]] "noise, racket". stem, ending = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*[^eE])(i)$") if stem then sg_ending = "i" end if not stem then -- Weak neuters in -u like [[gleraugu]] "glasses/spectacles". stem, ending = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*[^aA])(u)$") if stem then sg_ending = "a" default_unumut = "unumut" end end if not stem then -- Generally, plural will look like singular, with no ending in the plural (but there will be umut -- if possible). Examples: [[feðgin]] "father and daughter", [[hjón]] "married couple", [[jól]] -- "Christmas", [[lok]] "end"; [[jarðgöng]] "tunnel" needing 'unumut'. stem = base.lemma sg_ending = "" default_unumut = "unumut" end else interr(("unrecognized gender '%s'"):format(base.gender)) end if default_unumut and not props.unumut and not props.umut and not props.unimut then props.unumut = {form = default_unumut, defaulted = true} end if props.unumut and props.unimut then interr("shouldn't see both 'unumut' and 'unimut' set in plural-only lemma") end if props.unumut and props.unumut.form:find("^un") then stem = com.apply_reverse_u_mutation(stem, props.unumut.form, not props.unumut.defaulted) if props.umut then interr("shouldn't see both 'unumut' and 'umut' set in plural-only lemma") end props.umut = {form = rsub(props.unumut.form, "^un", ""), footnotes = props.unumut.footnotes, defaulted = props.unumut.defaulted} props.unumut = nil end if props.unimut and props.unimut.form:find("^un") then stem = com.apply_reverse_i_mutation(stem, base.imutval) if props.imut then interr("shouldn't see both 'unimut' and 'imut' set in plural-only lemma") end props.imut = {form = rsub(props.unimut.form, "^un", ""), footnotes = props.unimut.footnotes} props.unimut = nil end lemma = stem .. sg_ending if lemma_determined and lemma_determined ~= lemma then error(("Attempt to set two different singular lemmas '%s' and '%s'"):format(lemma_determined, lemma)) end lemma_determined = lemma end base.lemma = lemma_determined base.lemma_ending = ending or "" end -- For a nominative definite lemma, synthesize the corresponding indefinite lemma. Note that a plural definite lemma may -- need to be processed twice, first to convert to plural indefinite and then to convert to singular indefinite using -- synthesize_singular_lemma(). local function synthesize_indefinite_lemma(base) local lemma_determined -- Loop over all property sets in case the user specified multiple ones (e.g. using different mutation specs). If -- we try to reconstruct different lemmas for different property sets, we'll throw an error below. for _, props in ipairs(base.prop_sets) do local function interr(msg) error(("Internal error: For lemma '%s', %s: %s"):format(base.lemma, msg, dump(props))) end -- There are only 6 clitic articles, depending on the combination of gender and number: -- singular: m = -inn, f = -in, n = -ið; plural: m = -nir, f = -nar, n = -in. The two beginning in n- aren't -- problematic because in all cases they simply append to the actual form. The remaining four, however, drop -- the i- before an ending [aiu]. This means we can uniquely reconstruct the dropped vowel if we see e.g. -- -að or -uð in place of -ið. But if we see -ið, we don't know whether the lemma ended in -i or a consonant. -- And in general it's important to know because it affects some forms; e.g. compare definite neuter 'knippið' -- from [[knippi]] "bundle, bunch" with 'klappið' from [[klapp]] "applause; pat, stroke". The former has -- definite genitive 'knippisins' and the latter 'klappsins'. And in fact, all three genders commonly have -- both consonant-ending and i-ending nouns in the singular. This means we need an indicator to distinguish -- them. Probably easiest is 'iending'; reusing 'weak' won't work so well because neuters in -i, and sometimes -- feminines in -i, are considered strong. local function process_n_clitic(clitic) local lemma = base.lemma:match("^(.*)" .. clitic .. "$") if not lemma then error(("Lemma '%s' declared as %s %s should end in clitic '-%s'"):format(base.lemma, gender_code_to_desc[base.gender] or "NONE", number_code_to_desc[base.number] or "NONE", clitic)) end return lemma end local function process_i_clitic(clitic) local clitic_cons_end = clitic:match("^i(.*)$") if not clitic_cons_end then interr(("clitic '%s' should begin with 'i'"):format(clitic)) end local lemma_begin, ending = base.lemma:match("^(.*)([aiu])" .. clitic_cons_end .. "$") if not lemma_begin then error(("Lemma '%s' declared as %s %s should end in clitic '-%s' or in '-a%s' or '-u%s'"):format( base.lemma, gender_code_to_desc[base.gender] or "NONE", number_code_to_desc[base.number] or "NONE", clitic, clitic_cons_end, clitic_cons_end)) end if ending == "a" or ending == "u" then if base.props.iending then error(("Property 'iending' cannot be specified because definite lemma '%s' does not end in '-%s'"): format(base.lemma, clitic)) end return lemma_begin .. ending end if base.props.iending then return lemma_begin .. "i" else return lemma_begin end end local clitic = clitic_articles[base.gender]["nom_" .. (base.number == "pl" and "p" or "s")] local lemma if clitic:find("^n") then lemma = process_n_clitic(clitic) else lemma = process_i_clitic(clitic) end if lemma_determined and lemma_determined ~= lemma then error(("Attempt to set two different indefinite lemmas '%s' and '%s'"):format(lemma_determined, lemma)) end lemma_determined = lemma end base.lemma = lemma_determined base.lemma_ending = "" end -- For an adjectival lemma, synthesize the masc singular form. local function synthesize_adj_lemma(base) -- FIXME: Add support for strong adjectives. local stem, ending if base.props.indecl then base.decl = "indecl" stem = base.lemma elseif base.props["decl?"] then base.decl = "decl?" stem = base.lemma else if base.number == "pl" then stem, ending = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*[^Aa])(u)$") if stem then base.props.weak = true base.lemma = stem .. "ur" if not stem then error("No support for strong adjectives yet") end end else if base.gender == "m" then stem, ending = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*[^Ee])(i)$") if stem then base.props.weak = true base.lemma = stem .. "ur" end if not stem then error("No support for strong adjectives yet") end elseif base.gender == "f" or base.gender == "n" then stem, ending = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*)(a)$") if stem then base.props.weak = true base.lemma = stem .. "ur" end if not stem then error("No support for strong adjectives yet") end end end base.decl = "adj" end if base.stem then -- This isn't necessarily accurate but doesn't really matter. We only record the lemma ending to help with -- contraction of definite clitics in the nominative singular, which doesn't apply for adjectives. base.lemma_ending = "" else base.stem = stem base.lemma_ending = ending or "" end end -- Determine the declension based on the lemma, gender and number. The declension is set in base.decl. In the process, -- we set either base.vowel_stem (if the lemma ends in a vowel) or base.nonvowel_stem (if the lemma does not end in a -- vowel), which is used by determine_props(). In some cases (specifically with certain foreign nouns), we set -- base.lemma to a new value; this is as if the user specified 'decllemma:'. local function determine_declension(base) local stem, ending local default_props = {} -- Determine declension if base.props.indecl then base.decl = "indecl" stem = base.lemma elseif base.props["decl?"] then base.decl = "decl?" stem = base.lemma elseif base.gender == "m" then if not stem then stem, ending = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*[ÁáÆæÝý])(r)$") if stem then -- in -ár: -- [[nár]] "corpse", [[sár]] "tub (archaic)", [[hár]] "thole, oarlock (archaic)", [[hár]] -- "spiny dogfish (archaic)" (with v-infix), [[kljár]] "weaving stone (archaic)", [[ljár]] "scythe", -- [[skjár]] "video screen, display", [[már]] "seagull", [[sjár]] "sea", [[snjár]] "snow" (with -- v-infix); vs. stems ending in -r: [[ár]] "? (archaic)", [[lár]] "wooden box for wool", [[klár]] -- "inferior horse, nag", [[pílár]] "slat, fence post; spoke (dated)", [[kentár]] "centaur" -- -- in -ær: -- [[glær]] "sea", [[skær]] "? (obsolete)", [[blær]] "gentle breeze", [[bær]] "farm; town", [[óbær]] -- "?", [[sær]] "sea", [[snær]] "snow" -- -- in -ýr: -- [[ýr]] "yew", [[býr]] "town, farm", [[gnýr]] "clash, rumble; blue wildebeest", [[týr]] "hero; god", -- also many proper names; vs. stems ending in -r: [[fýr]] "dude, guy", [[lýr]] "pollock", [[sýr]] -- "? (poetic)", [[ýr]] "? (obsolete)", [[hlýr]] "? (obsolete)", [[glýr]] "? (obsolete)" base.decl = "m" end end if not stem then stem = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*[Aa]ur)$") if stem then -- [[maur]] "ant", [[aur]] "loam, mud", [[gaur]] "ruffian", [[paur]] "devil; enmity", -- [[saur]] "dirt; excrement", [[staur]] "post", [[ljósastaur]] "lamp post" base.decl = "m" end end if not stem then -- There must be at least one vowel; lemmas like [[bur]] don't count. stem, ending = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*" .. com.vowel_or_hyphen_c .. ".*)(ur)$") if stem then if stem:find("skap$") and not base.stem then -- tons of words in -skapur base.decl = "m-skapur" elseif stem:find("nað$") and not base.stem then -- lots of words in -naður base.decl = "m-naður" default_props.umut = "uUmut" else if base.stem == base.lemma then -- [[akur]] "field" etc. where the stem includes the final -r stem = base.stem ending = "" -- not actually used default_props.con = "con" end -- [[hestur]] "horse" and lots of others base.decl = "m" end end end if not stem then stem = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*[Ee][iy]r)$") if stem then -- in -eir (all include -r in the stem): -- [[geir]] "?", [[eir]] "copper", [[leir]] "clay", [[Geir]] (male given name) -- -- in -eyr, including -r in the stem: -- [[reyr]] "reed", [[Reyr]] (male given name) -- in -eyr, not including -r in the stem: -- [[þeyr]] "thaw, thawing wind", [[Þeyr]] (male given name), [[Freyr]] (male given name) base.decl = "m" end end if not stem then -- There must be at least one vowel (although there don't appear to be any single-syllable -- lemmas ending in -ir other than in -eir). stem, ending = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*" .. com.vowel_or_hyphen_c .. ".*)(ir)$") if stem then -- [[læknir]] "physician" and many others -- [[bróðir]], [[faðir]] are r-stems if base.props.rstem then base.decl = "m-rstem" base.need_imut = true else base.decl = "m-ir" end end end if not stem then stem, ending = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*l)(l)$") if stem then if is_proper_noun(base, stem) and stem:find("kel$") then base.decl = "m-kell" else if not base.stem and (rfind(stem, com.cons_c .. "[aiu]l$") or stem:find("^[aiuAIU]l$")) then -- [[gaffall]] "fork" (dat pl [[göfflum]]), [[þumall]] "thumb"; [[ekkill]] "widower"; -- [[spegill]] "mirror"; [[segull]] "magnet"; [[öxull]] "axis; axle"; etc. Note that the check -- for a consonant preceding the a/i/u is important as there are words like [[manúall]] -- "manual", [[ritúall]] "ritual", [[kokteill]] "cocktail", [[feill]] "flaw, error", [[deill]] -- "dispute???" (rare, regional), [[haull]] "hernia", [[straull]] "? (rare, regional)" that -- don't have contraction. Beware of the rare word [[síill]] "sieve? strainer?" that per BÍN -- does contract to síl- before vowels. Currently the code to handle contraction will throw an -- error if you attempt to contract that word, but you can use 'vstem:...'. -- -- There are also lots of words in a vowel other than a/i/u followed by -ll, such as [[bíll]] -- "car", [[áll]] "eel", [[konsúll]] "consul", [[þræll]] "slave", [[hvoll]] "hill", [[stóll]] -- "chair", etc. In these, the final -l is the nominative singular ending, as above. -- -- Note that if the user overrode the stem (e.g. using '#' as with [[Ármann]]), we don't -- default to contraction as it may cause an error to be thrown. default_props.con = "con" end base.decl = "m" end end end if not stem then stem, ending = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*n)(n)$") if stem then if not base.stem and (rfind(stem, com.cons_c .. "[aiu]n$") or stem:find("^[aiuAIU]n$")) then -- As with -all/-ill/-ull although there are fewer such words in -nn. Examples: [[aftann]] "evening" -- (dat pl öftnum), [[arinn]] "hearth, fireplace" (dat pl örnum), [[drottinn]] "lord", [[himinn]] -- "sky, heaven", [[morgunn]] "morning", [[jötunn]] "giant", etc. -- -- There are also lots of words in a vowel other than a/i/u followed by -nn, such as [[fleinn]] -- "spear", [[steinn]] "rock", [[prjónn]] "knitting needle", [[daunn]] "stink", [[húnn]] "knob". -- In these, the final -n is the nominative singular ending, as above. -- -- Note that if the user overrode the stem (e.g. using '#' as with [[Ármann]]), we don't default -- to contraction as it may cause an error to be thrown. default_props.con = "con" end base.decl = "m" end end if not stem and not base.props.weak then stem, ending = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*[aóæ]nd)(i)$") if stem then -- [[nemandi]] "student" and many others; terms in -jandi like [[byrjandi]] -- "beginner", [[seljandi]] "seller" umlaut to -jend- in the plural instead of -ind- -- also terms in -óndi (probably all compounds of [[bóndi]] "farmer") and in -ændi -- (probably all compounds of [[frændi]]). Terms like [[andi]] "breath, spirit" and -- [[heiðasandi]] "heath sand?" need '.weak' to disable this, as does [[fjandi]] in -- the meaning "devil, demon" (vs. "enemy", which has plural [[fjendur]]). Terms like -- [[vandi]] "trouble; responsibility; custom, habit" and compounds are singular-only. base.decl = "m-ndi" if not stem:find("ænd$") then base.need_imut = true end if stem:find("jand$") then default_props.imutval = "je" end end end if not stem then stem, ending = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*)([ia])$") if stem then -- [[tími]] "time, hour" and many others; [[herra]] "gentleman" ([[sendiherra]] "ambassador"), -- [[séra]]/[[síra]] "reverend" base.decl = "m-weak" -- Recognize -ingi and make automatically j-infixing, but only when a vowel precedes -- (not [[ingi]], [[Ingi]], [[stingi]], [[þvingi]]). Use `-j` to turn this off. if ending == "i" and rfind(stem, com.vowel_or_hyphen_c .. ".*ing$") then default_props.j = "j" elseif ending == "i" and rfind(stem, com.vowel_or_hyphen_c .. ".*ar$") then default_props.umut = "uUmut" end end end if not stem then stem = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*ó)$") if stem then -- [[kanó]] "canoe", [[pesó]] "peso", [[Plútó]] "Pluto", [[Markó]] (male given name), etc. base.decl = "m-ó" end end if not stem then -- Miscellaneous masculine terms without ending stem = base.lemma base.decl = "m" end elseif base.gender == "f" then if not stem then stem, ending = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*)(a)$") if stem then base.decl = "f-weak" end end if not stem then stem, ending = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*[^eE])(i)$") if stem then base.decl = "f-i" end end if not stem and not base.stem then -- Don't match when base.stem is set, e.g. [[gimbur]] "female lamb", where the -ur is part of the stem stem, ending = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*[^aA])(ur)$") if stem and rfind(stem, com.vowel_or_hyphen_c) then if is_proper_noun(base, stem) then -- [[Auður]], [[Heiður]], [[Ingveldur]], [[Móeiður]], [[Þórelfur]], [[-frídur]] ([[Gunnfríður]], -- [[Hólmfríður]], [[Málfríður]], [[Sigfríður]]), [[Gerður]] ([[Hallgerður]], [[Ingigerður]], -- [[Þorgerður]]), [[Gunnur]] ([[Arngunnur]], [[Hildigunnur]]), [[Heiður]] ([[Aðalheiður]], -- [[Arnheiður]], [[Brynheiður]], [[Ragnheiður]]), [[Hildur]] ([[Ásthildur]], [[Berghildur]], -- [[Brynhildur]], [[Geirhildur]], [[Gunnhildur]], [[Ragnhildur]], [[Þórhildur]]), [[Ástríður]] -- (related names [[Guðríður]], [[Sigríður]], [[Þuríður]]), [[Þrúður]] [also a man's name] -- ([[Jarþrúður]], [[Jarðþrúður]], [[Sigþrúður]]) -- -- also with company/organization names like [[Berghildur]], [[Gunnhildur]]; likewise place names -- like [[Þuríður]] base.decl = "f-acc-dat-i" else base.decl = "f-ur" end end end if not stem and base.props.rstem then stem, ending = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*[^eE])(ir)$") if stem and base.props.rstem then -- [[dóttir]], [[móðir]], [[systir]] base.decl = "f-rstem" if not stem:find("syst$") then base.need_imut = true end end end if not stem then stem = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*ung)$") if stem then base.decl = "f-ung" end end if not stem then stem = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*ing)$") if stem then base.decl = "f-ing" end end if not stem then stem = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*[áóúÁÓÚ])$") if stem then base.decl = "f-long-vowel" if rfind(stem, "[óÓ]$") then base.need_imut = true end end end if not stem and not base.stem then -- Not when base.stem is set, which includes [[Ýr]], following the regular endingless f declension where -- -r is part of the stem. stem, ending = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*[ýÝæÆ])(r)$") if stem then -- [[kýr]] "cow", [[sýr]] "sow (archaic)", [[ær]] "ewe" and compounds base.decl = "f-long-umlaut-vowel-r" default_props.unimut = "unimut" end end if not stem then stem = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*[^aA]un)$") if stem and rfind(stem, com.vowel_or_hyphen_c) then -- [[pöntun]] "order (in commerce)"; [[verslun]] "trade, business; store, shop"; [[efun]] "doubt"; -- [[bötun]] "improvement"; [[örvun]] "encouragement; stimulation" (pl. örvanir); etc. -- Exclude words in -aun like [[baun]] "bean", [[laun]] "secret", [[raun]] "experience". -- Some words need a different indicator, e.g. [[örvun]] "encouragement; stimulation" (pl. örvanir), -- [[fjölgun]] "increase, proliferation" (pl. fjölganir), which need "unUmut". base.decl = "f" default_props.unumut = "unuUmut" end end if not stem then -- Miscellaneous feminine terms without ending stem = base.lemma base.decl = "f" -- A function here means we resolve it to its actual value later. We don't want to trigger -- unumut if the user specified v-infix or any type of u-mutation (e.g. 'uUmut' in [[ætlan]]), -- or if the last vowel of the term is 'a' ([[dragt]], [[aukavakt]]). default_props.unumut = function(base, props) if base.vstem or props.v and props.v.form == "v" or props.umut or rfind(stem, "[Aa]" .. com.cons_c .. "*$") then return nil else return {form = "unumut", defaulted = true} end end end elseif base.gender == "n" then if not stem then stem, ending = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*)(a)$") if stem then base.decl = "n-weak" end end if not stem then -- stem actually includes -é but due to the change to já we include it in the ending stem, ending = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*)(é)$") if stem then if base.props["já"] then -- Indicator 'já' for [[tré]], [[hné]]/[[kné]], etc. base.decl = "n-já" else -- [[té]] (letter T), etc. stem = stem .. "é" base.decl = "n" end end end if not stem then stem, ending = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*[kKgG])(i)$") if stem then base.decl = "n-i" default_props.j = "j" end end if not stem then stem, ending = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*[^eE])(i)$") if stem then base.decl = "n-i" end end if not stem then -- -ur preceded by a consonant and at least one vowel. stem = rmatch(base.lemma, "^(.*" .. com.vowel_or_hyphen_c .. ".*" .. com.cons_c .. "ur)$") if stem then base.decl = "n" default_props.con = "con" default_props.defcon = "defcon" end end if not stem then -- Miscellaneous neuter terms without ending stem = base.lemma base.decl = "n" end else error(("Internal error: `base.gender` is '%s' but should be 'm', 'f' or 'n'"):dump(base.gender)) end if base.stem then -- This isn't necessarily accurate but doesn't really matter. We only record the lemma ending to help with -- contraction of definite clitics in the nominative singular, and in the cases where the user gives an explicit -- stem, it's usually with # (meaning the ending is null) or ## (meaning the ending ends in -r), and in both -- cases there's no contraction of initial vowels in definite clitics in any case. base.lemma_ending = "" else base.stem = stem base.lemma_ending = ending or "" end for k, v in pairs(default_props) do if not base[k] then if mutation_spec_set[k] then for _, props in ipairs(base.prop_sets) do if type(v) == "function" then props[k] = v(base, props) else props[k] = {form = v, defaulted = true} end end else base[k] = v end end end track("decl/" .. base.decl) end local function determine_default_masc_dat_sg(base, props) -- We only need to compute the default dative singular for regular masculines (not masculines in -ir, -ó, -i, etc.). -- These other types have specific defaults for the entire type. if base.decl ~= "m" or base.number == "pl" then return end local default_dat_sg if base.overrides.dat_s then -- Track explicit override. track("masc-dat-sg-override") end local stem = base.stem if props.j and props.j.form == "j" then -- Stems with j-infix normally have null dative even if they end in two consonants, e.g. -- [[belgur]] "bellows; skin", [[fengur]] "profit", [[flekkur]] "spot, fleck", [[serkur]] -- "shirt", [[stingur]] "sting" default_dat_sg = "" elseif stem:find(com.vowel_or_hyphen_c .. ".*[iu]ng$") then -- Stems in suffix -ing or -ung normally have indef dat -i, def dat null default_dat_sg = {indef = "i", def = ""} elseif stem:find("x$") or (rfind(stem, com.cons_c .. com.cons_c .. "$") and not stem:find("kk$") and not stem:find("pp$")) then -- Other stems in two consonants normally have dat -i, but those in -kk or -pp normally -- don't, so exclude them and require explicit specification default_dat_sg = "i" elseif not rfind(stem, com.vowel_c .. "$") and is_proper_noun(base, stem) then -- proper noun whose stem does not end in a vowel default_dat_sg = "i" elseif props.con and props.con.form == "con" then default_dat_sg = "i" elseif rfind(stem, com.vowel_c .. "r?$") then default_dat_sg = "" elseif rfind(base.lemma, "ll$") then -- nouns in -ll without contraction, which generally includes those not in -all/-ill/-ull plus a few in these -- endings such as [[panill]] "paneling" (rare variant of [[panell]]), [[kórall]] "coral", [[kristall]] -- "crystal", [[kanill]] "cinnamon" (also [[kanell]]); only a few exceptions, such as [[rafall]] "generator", -- which optionally contracts and has with dati/-:i without contraction; [[hvoll]] "hill", [[kokkáll]] -- "cuckold", [[páll]] "spade, pointed shovel", [[þræll]] "slave" with dat-:i/-; [[hóll]] "hill", [[hæll]] -- "heel", [[stóll]] "chair", which are dat-:i[footnote]/- with a footnote variously indicating that the -- dative in -i occurs only in fixed expressions, compounds, place names, etc. default_dat_sg = "" elseif rfind(base.lemma, "nn$") then -- nouns in -nn without contraction, which generally includes those not in -ann/-inn/-unn; there are fewer of -- these than the corresponding nouns in -ll and they have default dative i/i; only exceptions I can find are -- [[húnn]] "knob", [[tónn]] "tone (music)", [[dúnn]] "down (feathers)"", which have dati:-/i. default_dat_sg = "i" elseif base.overrides.def_dat_s and base.definiteness == "def" then -- OK; user supplied def_dat_s override for a definite-only lemma elseif base.overrides.dat_s and base.overrides.dat_s.indef and base.definiteness == "indef" then -- OK; user supplied dat_s override with indefinite setting, for an indefinite-only lemma elseif base.overrides.dat_s and base.overrides.dat_s.indef and base.overrides.def_dat_s then -- OK; user supplied dat_s override with indefinite setting and def_dat_s override, which -- together provide both indefinite and definite values elseif base.overrides.dat_s and not base.overrides.dat_s.def then error(("Saw masculine stem '%s' and dative singular override of just the indefinite ending, but " .. "requires both the indefinite and definite endings of the dative singular in the form 'datINDEF/DEF'"): format(stem)) elseif not base.overrides.dat_s then local exceptions = "exceptions are nouns in -ir, -ó or -i; proper nouns; plural-only nouns; nouns with " .. "stem contraction or j-infix; nouns whose stem ends in two or more consonants, except for -kk and " .. "-pp; and nouns whose stem ends in a vowel or vowel + r" if base.definiteness == "indef" then error(("Saw masculine stem '%s' and no dative override: Most indefinite-only masculine nouns must " .. "explicitly specify the indefinite ending of the dative singular using an override of the form " .. "'datINDEF'; %s"):format(stem, exceptions)) else error(("Saw masculine stem '%s' and no dative override: Most masculine nouns must explicitly specify " .. "the indefinite and definite endings of the dative singular using an override of the form " .. "'datINDEF/DEF'; %s"):format(stem, exceptions)) end end props.default_dat_sg = default_dat_sg end -- Determine the stems to use for each stem set: vowel and nonvowel stems, for singular -- and plural. We assume that one of base.vowel_stem or base.nonvowel_stem has been -- set in determine_declension(), depending on whether the lemma ends in -- a vowel. We construct all the rest given the reducibility, vowel alternation spec and -- any explicit stems given. We store the determined stems inside of the property-set objects -- in `base.prop_sets`, meaning that if the user gave multiple reducible or vowel-alternation -- patterns, we will compute multiple sets of stems. The reason is that the stems may vary -- depending on the reducibility and vowel alternation. local function determine_props(base) -- Now determine all the props for each prop set. for _, props in ipairs(base.prop_sets) do -- Determine the default dative singular for masculine nouns using declension "m". determine_default_masc_dat_sg(base, props) -- Convert regular `umut` to `u_mut` (applying to the second-to-last syllable) when contraction -- is in place and we're computing the u-mutation or reverse u-mutation version of the non-vowel -- stem. Cf. neuter [[mastur]] "mast" with plural [[möstur]]. local function map_nonvstem_umut(val) if val == "umut" and props.con and props.con.form == "con" then return "u_mut" elseif val == "unumut" and props.con and props.con.form == "con" then return "unu_mut" else return val end end -- Almost all nouns have dative plural -um, which triggers u-mutation, so we need to compute the u-mutation -- stem using "umut" if not specifically given. Set `defaulted` to an error isn't triggered if there's no -- special u-mutated form. local props_umut = props.umut if not props_umut and (not props.unumut or props.unumut.form:find("^%-")) then props_umut = {form = "umut", defaulted = true} end -- First do all the stems, handling overall and plural-specific stems separately. for _, prefix in ipairs {"", "pl_"} do local base_stem, base_vstem if prefix == "" then base_stem = base.stem base_vstem = base.vstem else base_stem = base.plstem base_vstem = base.plvstem end -- The plstem is almost never set, so don't do a lot of unnecessary computation. if prefix == "pl_" and not base_stem then break end local stem, nonvstem, umut_nonvstem, imut_nonvstem, vstem, umut_vstem, imut_vstem, null_defvstem, umut_null_defvstem if props.unumut and not props.unumut.form:find("^%-") then umut_nonvstem = base_stem nonvstem = com.apply_reverse_u_mutation(umut_nonvstem, map_nonvstem_umut(props.unumut.form), not props.unumut.defaulted) stem = nonvstem if base.need_imut then imut_nonvstem = com.apply_i_mutation(nonvstem, base.imutval) end if base_vstem then error(("Don't currently know how to combine '%svstem:' with 'unumut' specs"):format( prefix == "pl_" and "pl" or "")) end if props.con and props.con.form == "con" then umut_vstem = com.apply_contraction(base_stem) else umut_vstem = base_stem end vstem = com.apply_reverse_u_mutation(umut_vstem, props.unumut.form, not props.unumut.defaulted) if base.need_imut then imut_vstem = com.apply_i_mutation(vstem, base.imutval) end local props_unumut_form = props.unumut.form if props.defcon and props.defcon.form == "defcon" then umut_null_defvstem = com.apply_contraction(base_stem) else umut_null_defvstem = base_stem -- If contraction but not defcon is applicable, the stem we'll be applying reverse u-mutation -- to is the uncontracted stem so we need to apply reverse u-mutation to the second-to-last -- vowel. props_unumut_form = map_nonvstem_umut(props_unumut_form) end null_defvstem = com.apply_reverse_u_mutation(umut_null_defvstem, props_unumut_form, not props.unumut.defaulted) elseif props.unimut and not props.unimut.form:find("^%-") then imut_nonvstem = base_stem nonvstem = com.apply_reverse_i_mutation(imut_nonvstem, base.imutval) stem = nonvstem if props_umut then umut_nonvstem = com.apply_u_mutation(nonvstem, map_nonvstem_umut(props_umut.form), not props_umut.defaulted) end if base_vstem then error(("Don't currently know how to combine '%svstem:' with 'unimut' specs"):format( prefix == "pl_" and "pl" or "")) end if props.con and props.con.form == "con" then imut_vstem = com.apply_contraction(base_stem) else imut_vstem = base_stem end vstem = com.apply_reverse_i_mutation(imut_vstem, base.imutval) if props_umut then umut_vstem = com.apply_u_mutation(vstem, props_umut.form, not props_umut.defaulted) end if props.defcon and props.defcon.form == "defcon" then error("Don't currently know how to combine 'defcon' with 'unimut' specs") end base.need_imut = true elseif props_umut then stem = base_stem nonvstem = stem umut_nonvstem = com.apply_u_mutation(nonvstem, map_nonvstem_umut(props_umut.form), not props_umut.defaulted) if base.need_imut then imut_nonvstem = com.apply_i_mutation(nonvstem, base.imutval) end vstem = base_vstem or base_stem if props.con and props.con.form == "con" then vstem = com.apply_contraction(vstem) end umut_vstem = com.apply_u_mutation(vstem, props_umut.form, not props_umut.defaulted) if base.need_imut then imut_vstem = com.apply_i_mutation(vstem, base.imutval) end if props.defcon and props.defcon.form == "defcon" then null_defvstem = com.apply_contraction(base_stem) else null_defvstem = base_stem end umut_null_defvstem = com.apply_u_mutation(null_defvstem, props_umut.form, not props_umut.defaulted) else -- Normally u-mutated forms should always be available, unless 'unumut' is in effect. error(("Internal error: Neither 'unumut' or 'umut' specified: %s"):format(dump(props))) end props[prefix .. "stem"] = stem if nonvstem ~= stem then props[prefix .. "nonvstem"] = nonvstem end if umut_nonvstem ~= nonvstem then -- For 'con' and 'defcon' below, footnotes can be placed on -con or -defcon so we have to check for those -- footnotes as well as checking for the vstem and such being different, so the -con and -defcon footnotes -- are still active. However, there's no such thing as -umut, and any time that there's an explicit umut -- variant given, umut_nonvstem will be different from nonvstem (otherwise an error will occur in -- apply_u_mutation), so we don't need this extra check here. if props_umut then umut_nonvstem = iut.combine_form_and_footnotes(umut_nonvstem, props_umut.footnotes) end props[prefix .. "umut_nonvstem"] = umut_nonvstem end if base.need_imut then -- imut footnotes handled specially below props[prefix .. "imut_nonvstem"] = imut_nonvstem end if vstem ~= stem or props.con and props.con.footnotes then -- See comment above for why we need to check for props.con.footnotes (basically, to handle footnotes on -- -con). if props.con then vstem = iut.combine_form_and_footnotes(vstem, props.con.footnotes) end props[prefix .. "vstem"] = vstem end if umut_vstem ~= vstem or props.con and props.con.footnotes then -- See comment above under `umut_nonvstem ~= nonvstem`. There's no -umut so whenever there's a specific -- umut variant with footnote, umut_vstem will be different from vstem so we don't need to check for -- `or props_umut and props_umut.footnotes` above. local footnotes = iut.combine_footnotes(props.con and props.con.footnotes or nil, props_umut and props_umut.footnotes or nil) umut_vstem = iut.combine_form_and_footnotes(umut_vstem, footnotes) props[prefix .. "umut_vstem"] = umut_vstem end if base.need_imut then -- imut footnotes handled specially below props[prefix .. "imut_vstem"] = imut_vstem end if null_defvstem ~= nonvstem or props.defcon and props.defcon.footnotes then -- See comment above for why we need to check for props.defcon.footnotes (basically, to handle footnotes on -- -defcon). if props.defcon then null_defvstem = iut.combine_form_and_footnotes(null_defvstem, props.defcon.footnotes) end props[prefix .. "null_defvstem"] = null_defvstem end if umut_null_defvstem ~= null_defvstem or props.defcon and props.defcon.footnotes then -- Analogous situation to the clause above that checks for `umut_vstem ~= vstem`. local footnotes = iut.combine_footnotes(props.defcon and props.defcon.footnotes or nil, props_umut and props_umut.footnotes or nil) umut_null_defvstem = iut.combine_form_and_footnotes(umut_null_defvstem, footnotes) props[prefix .. "umut_null_defvstem"] = umut_null_defvstem end end -- Do the j-infix, v-infix, imut, unimut and unumut properties. if props.j then props.jinfix = props.j.form == "j" and "j" or "" props.jinfix_footnotes = props.j.footnotes props.j = nil end if props.v then props.vinfix = props.v.form == "v" and "v" or "" props.vinfix_footnotes = props.v.footnotes props.v = nil end if props.imut then props.imut_footnotes = props.imut.footnotes props.imut = props.imut.form == "imut" and true or false end if props.unimut then props.unimut_footnotes = props.unimut.footnotes props.unimut = props.unimut.form == "unimut" and true or false end if props.unumut then props.unumut_footnotes = props.unumut.footnotes props.unumut = props.unumut.form end end end local function replace_hashvals(base, val) if not val then return val end if val:find("##") then local lemma_minus_r, final_nom_ending = parse_off_final_nom_ending(base.lemma) val = val:gsub("##", m_string_utilities.replacement_escape(lemma_minus_r)) end val = val:gsub("#", m_string_utilities.replacement_escape(base.lemma)) return val end local function detect_indicator_spec(base) -- Replace # and ## in all overridable stems as well as all overrides. for _, stemkey in ipairs(overridable_stems) do base[stemkey] = replace_hashvals(base, base[stemkey]) end map_all_overrides(base, function(formobj) formobj.form = replace_hashvals(base, formobj.form) end) if base.props.pron then determine_pronoun_props(base) elseif base.props.det then determine_determiner_props(base) elseif base.props.adj then process_declnumber(base) expand_property_sets(base) synthesize_adj_lemma(base) determine_props(base) else expand_property_sets(base) if base.definiteness == "def" then synthesize_indefinite_lemma(base) end if base.number == "pl" then synthesize_singular_lemma(base) end determine_declension(base) determine_props(base) end end local function detect_all_indicator_specs(alternant_multiword_spec) -- Keep track of all genders seen in the singular and plural so we can determine whether to add the term to -- [[:Category:Icelandic nouns that change gender in the plural]]. FIXME: Is this needed for Icelandic? It's copied -- from Czech. alternant_multiword_spec.sg_genders = {} alternant_multiword_spec.pl_genders = {} iut.map_word_specs(alternant_multiword_spec, function(base) detect_indicator_spec(base) if base.number ~= "pl" then alternant_multiword_spec.sg_genders[base.actual_gender] = true end if base.number ~= "sg" then alternant_multiword_spec.pl_genders[base.actual_gender] = true end end) if (alternant_multiword_spec.saw_pron and 1 or 0) + (alternant_multiword_spec.saw_det and 1 or 0) > 1 then error("Can't combine pronouns and/or determiners") end end local propagate_multiword_properties local function propagate_alternant_properties(alternant_spec, property, mixed_value, nouns_only) local seen_property for _, multiword_spec in ipairs(alternant_spec.alternants) do propagate_multiword_properties(multiword_spec, property, mixed_value, nouns_only) if seen_property == nil then seen_property = multiword_spec[property] elseif multiword_spec[property] and seen_property ~= multiword_spec[property] then seen_property = mixed_value end end alternant_spec[property] = seen_property end propagate_multiword_properties = function(multiword_spec, property, mixed_value, nouns_only) local seen_property = nil local last_seen_nounal_pos = 0 local word_specs = multiword_spec.alternant_or_word_specs or multiword_spec.word_specs for i = 1, #word_specs do local is_nounal if word_specs[i].alternants then propagate_alternant_properties(word_specs[i], property, mixed_value) is_nounal = not not word_specs[i][property] elseif nouns_only then is_nounal = is_regular_noun(word_specs[i]) else is_nounal = not not word_specs[i][property] end if is_nounal then if not word_specs[i][property] then error("Internal error: noun-type word spec without " .. property .. " set") end for j = last_seen_nounal_pos + 1, i - 1 do word_specs[j][property] = word_specs[j][property] or word_specs[i][property] end last_seen_nounal_pos = i if seen_property == nil then seen_property = word_specs[i][property] elseif seen_property ~= word_specs[i][property] then seen_property = mixed_value end end end if last_seen_nounal_pos > 0 then for i = last_seen_nounal_pos + 1, #word_specs do word_specs[i][property] = word_specs[i][property] or word_specs[last_seen_nounal_pos][property] end end multiword_spec[property] = seen_property end local function propagate_properties_downward(alternant_multiword_spec, property, default_propval) local function set_and_fetch(obj, default) local retval if obj[property] then retval = obj[property] else obj[property] = default retval = default end if not obj["actual_" .. property] then obj["actual_" .. property] = retval end return retval end local propval1 = set_and_fetch(alternant_multiword_spec, default_propval) for _, alternant_or_word_spec in ipairs(alternant_multiword_spec.alternant_or_word_specs) do local propval2 = set_and_fetch(alternant_or_word_spec, propval1) if alternant_or_word_spec.alternants then for _, multiword_spec in ipairs(alternant_or_word_spec.alternants) do local propval3 = set_and_fetch(multiword_spec, propval2) for _, word_spec in ipairs(multiword_spec.word_specs) do local propval4 = set_and_fetch(word_spec, propval3) if propval4 == "mixed" then -- FIXME, use clearer error message. error("Attempt to assign mixed " .. property .. " to word") end set_and_fetch(word_spec, propval4) end end else if propval2 == "mixed" then -- FIXME, use clearer error message. error("Attempt to assign mixed " .. property .. " to word") end set_and_fetch(alternant_or_word_spec, propval2) end end end --[=[ Propagate `property` (one of "gender", "number" or "definiteness") from nouns to adjacent adjectives. We proceed as follows: 1. We assume the properties in question are already set on all nouns. This should happen in set_defaults_and_check_bad_indicators(). 2. We first propagate properties upwards and sideways. We recurse downwards from the top. When we encounter a multiword spec, we proceed left to right looking for a noun. When we find a noun, we fetch its property (recursing if the noun is an alternant), and propagate it to any adjectives to its left, up to the next noun to the left. When we have processed the last noun, we also propagate its property value to any adjectives to the right (to handle e.g. [[svefninn langi]] "the long sleep", where the adjective [[langi]] should inherit the 'masculine', 'singular' and 'definite' properties of [[svefninn]]). Finally, we set the property value for the multiword spec itself by combining all the non-nil properties of the individual elements. If all non-nil properties have the same value, the result is that value, otherwise it is `mixed_value` (which is "mixed" for gender, but "both" for number and "bothdef" for definiteness). 3. When we encounter an alternant spec in this process, we recursively process each alternant (which is a multiword spec) using the previous step, and combine any non-nil properties we encounter the same way as for multiword specs. 4. The effect of steps 2 and 3 is to set the property of each alternant and multiword spec based on its children or its neighbors. ]=] local function propagate_properties(alternant_multiword_spec, property, default_propval, mixed_value) propagate_multiword_properties(alternant_multiword_spec, property, mixed_value, "nouns only") propagate_multiword_properties(alternant_multiword_spec, property, mixed_value, false) propagate_properties_downward(alternant_multiword_spec, property, default_propval) end local function determine_noun_status(alternant_multiword_spec) for i, alternant_or_word_spec in ipairs(alternant_multiword_spec.alternant_or_word_specs) do if alternant_or_word_spec.alternants then local is_noun = false for _, multiword_spec in ipairs(alternant_or_word_spec.alternants) do for j, word_spec in ipairs(multiword_spec.word_specs) do if is_regular_noun(word_spec) then multiword_spec.first_noun = j is_noun = true break end end end if is_noun then alternant_multiword_spec.first_noun = i end elseif is_regular_noun(alternant_or_word_spec) then alternant_multiword_spec.first_noun = i return end end end -- Set the part of speech based on properties of the individual words. local function set_pos(alternant_multiword_spec) if alternant_multiword_spec.args.pos then alternant_multiword_spec.pos = alternant_multiword_spec.args.pos elseif alternant_multiword_spec.saw_pron and not alternant_multiword_spec.saw_non_pron then alternant_multiword_spec.pos = "pronoun" elseif alternant_multiword_spec.saw_det and not alternant_multiword_spec.saw_non_det then alternant_multiword_spec.pos = "determiner" else alternant_multiword_spec.pos = "noun" end alternant_multiword_spec.plpos = require("モジュール:string utilities").pluralize(alternant_multiword_spec.pos) end local function normalize_all_lemmas(alternant_multiword_spec) iut.map_word_specs(alternant_multiword_spec, function(base) local lemma = base.orig_lemma_no_links base.actual_lemma = lemma base.lemma = base.decllemma or lemma base.source_template = alternant_multiword_spec.source_template end) end local function decline_noun(base) for _, props in ipairs(base.prop_sets) do if not decls[base.decl] then error("Internal error: Unrecognized declension type '" .. base.decl .. "'") end decls[base.decl](base, props) end handle_derived_slots_and_overrides(base) local function copy(from_slot, to_slot) base.forms["ind_" .. to_slot] = base.forms["ind_" .. from_slot] base.forms["def_" .. to_slot] = base.forms["def_" .. from_slot] end if base.actual_number ~= base.number then local source_num = base.number == "sg" and "_s" or "_p" local dest_num = base.number == "sg" and "_p" or "_s" for _, case in ipairs(cases) do copy(case .. source_num, case .. dest_num) copy("nom" .. source_num .. "_linked", "nom" .. dest_num .. "_linked") end if base.actual_number ~= "both" then local erase_num = base.actual_number == "sg" and "_p" or "_s" for _, case in ipairs(cases) do base.forms["ind_" .. case .. erase_num] = nil base.forms["def_" .. case .. erase_num] = nil end base.forms["ind_nom" .. erase_num .. "_linked"] = nil base.forms["def_nom" .. erase_num .. "_linked"] = nil end end process_addnote_specs(base) end local function get_variants(form) return nil --[=[ FIXME return form:find(com.VAR1) and "var1" or form:find(com.VAR2) and "var2" or form:find(com.VAR3) and "var3" or nil ]=] end -- Compute the categories to add the noun to, as well as the annotation to display in the -- declension title bar. We combine the code to do these functions as both categories and -- title bar contain similar information. local function compute_categories_and_annotation(alternant_multiword_spec) -- FIXME: Update for Icelandic local all_cats = {} local function inscat(cattype) m_table.insertIfNot(all_cats, "アイスランド語 " .. cattype) end if alternant_multiword_spec.pos == "noun" then if alternant_multiword_spec.actual_number == "sg" then inscat("uncountable nouns") elseif alternant_multiword_spec.actual_number == "pl" then inscat("pluralia tantum") end if alternant_multiword_spec.saw_indecl and not alternant_multiword_spec.saw_non_indecl then inscat("indeclinable nouns") end if alternant_multiword_spec.saw_unknown_decl and not alternant_multiword_spec.saw_non_unknown_decl then inscat("nouns with unknown declension") end end local annotation local annparts = {} local irregs = {} local genderspecs = {} local stemspecs = {} local scrape_chains = {} local function insann(txt, joiner) if joiner and annparts[1] then table.insert(annparts, joiner) end table.insert(annparts, txt) end local function trim(text) text = text:gsub(" +", " ") return mw.text.trim(text) end local function do_word_spec(base) local actual_gender = gender_code_to_desc[base.actual_gender] local declined_gender = gender_code_to_desc[base.gender] local gender if actual_gender ~= declined_gender then gender = ("%s (declined as %s)"):format(actual_gender, declined_gender) inscat("nouns with actual gender different from declined gender") else gender = actual_gender end if gender then m_table.insertIfNot(genderspecs, gender) end for _, props in ipairs(base.prop_sets) do -- User-specified 'decllemma:' indicates irregular stem. if base.decllemma then m_table.insertIfNot(irregs, "irreg-stem") inscat("nouns with irregular stem") end m_table.insertIfNot(stemspecs, props.stem) end end local key_entry = alternant_multiword_spec.first_noun or 1 if #alternant_multiword_spec.alternant_or_word_specs >= key_entry then local alternant_or_word_spec = alternant_multiword_spec.alternant_or_word_specs[key_entry] if alternant_or_word_spec.alternants then for _, multiword_spec in ipairs(alternant_or_word_spec.alternants) do key_entry = multiword_spec.first_noun or 1 if #multiword_spec.word_specs >= key_entry then do_word_spec(multiword_spec.word_specs[key_entry]) end end else do_word_spec(alternant_or_word_spec) end end iut.map_word_specs(alternant_multiword_spec, function(base) if base.scrape_chain[1] then local linked_scrape_chain = {} for _, element in ipairs(base.scrape_chain) do table.insert(linked_scrape_chain, ("[[%s]]"):format(element)) end m_table.insertIfNot(scrape_chains, table.concat(linked_scrape_chain, " -> ")) end end) if alternant_multiword_spec.actual_number == "sg" or alternant_multiword_spec.actual_number == "pl" then -- not "both" or "none" (for [[sebe]]) insann(alternant_multiword_spec.actual_number == "sg" and "sg-only" or "pl-only", " ") end if #genderspecs > 0 then insann(table.concat(genderspecs, " // "), " ") end if #irregs > 0 then insann(table.concat(irregs, " // "), " ") end if #scrape_chains > 0 then insann(("based on %s"):format(m_table.serialCommaJoin(scrape_chains)), ", ") inscat("nouns declined using scraped base noun declensions") end alternant_multiword_spec.annotation = table.concat(annparts) if #stemspecs > 1 then inscat("nouns with multiple stems") end if alternant_multiword_spec.actual_number == "both" and not m_table.deepEquals(alternant_multiword_spec.sg_genders, alternant_multiword_spec.pl_genders) then inscat("nouns that change gender in the plural") end alternant_multiword_spec.categories = all_cats end local function show_forms(alternant_multiword_spec) local lemmas = {} for _, slot in ipairs(potential_lemma_slots) do if alternant_multiword_spec.forms[slot] then for _, formobj in ipairs(alternant_multiword_spec.forms[slot]) do -- FIXME, now can support footnotes as qualifiers in headwords? table.insert(lemmas, formobj.form) end break end end local props = { lemmas = lemmas, slot_list = alternant_multiword_spec.noun_slots, lang = lang, canonicalize = function(form) -- return com.remove_variant_codes(form) return form end, } iut.show_forms(alternant_multiword_spec.forms, props) end local function make_table(alternant_multiword_spec) local forms = alternant_multiword_spec.forms local function template_prelude(min_width) return rsub([=[ <div> <div class="NavFrame" style="max-width:MINWIDTHem"> <div class="NavHead" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-lighterblue, #eff7ff);">{title}{annotation}</div> <div class="NavContent" style="overflow:auto"> {\op}| style="min-width:MINWIDTHem" class="inflection-table is-inflection-table" |- ]=], "MINWIDTH", min_width) end local function template_postlude() return [=[ |{\cl}{notes_clause}</div></div></div>]=] end local table_spec_both = template_prelude("45") .. [=[ ! class="is-header" style="width:20%;" rowspan="2" | ! class="is-header" colspan="2" | 単数 ! class="is-header" colspan="2" | 複数 |- ! class="is-header" | 非限定 ! class="is-header" | 限定 ! class="is-header" | 非限定 ! class="is-header" | 限定 |- !class="is-row"|主格 | {ind_nom_s} | {def_nom_s} | {ind_nom_p} | {def_nom_p} |- !class="is-row"|対格 | {ind_acc_s} | {def_acc_s} | {ind_acc_p} | {def_acc_p} |- !class="is-row"|与格 | {ind_dat_s} | {def_dat_s} | {ind_dat_p} | {def_dat_p} |- !class="is-row"|属格 | {ind_gen_s} | {def_gen_s} | {ind_gen_p} | {def_gen_p} ]=] .. template_postlude() local function get_table_spec_one_number(number, numcode) local table_spec_one_number = [=[ ! class="is-header" style="width:33%;" rowspan="2" | ! class="is-header" colspan="2" | NUMBER |- ! class="is-header" | 非限定 ! class="is-header" | 限定 |- !class="is-row"|主格 | {ind_nom_NUM} | {def_nom_NUM} |- !class="is-row"|対格 | {ind_acc_NUM} | {def_acc_NUM} |- !class="is-row"|与格 | {ind_dat_NUM} | {def_dat_NUM} |- !class="is-row"|属格 | {ind_gen_NUM} | {def_gen_NUM} ]=] return template_prelude("30") .. table_spec_one_number:gsub("NUMBER", number):gsub("NUM", numcode) .. template_postlude() end local function get_table_spec_one_number_one_def(number, numcode, definiteness, defcode) local table_spec_one_number_one_def = [=[ ! class="is-header" style="width:100%;" colspan="2" | DEFINITENESS NUMBER |- !class="is-row"|主格 | {DEF_nom_NUM} |- !class="is-row"|対格 | {DEF_acc_NUM} |- !class="is-row"|与格 | {DEF_dat_NUM} |- !class="is-row"|属格 | {DEF_gen_NUM} ]=] return template_prelude("20") .. (table_spec_one_number_one_def:gsub("NUMBER", number):gsub("NUM", numcode) :gsub("DEFINITENESS", definiteness):gsub("DEF", defcode)) .. template_postlude() end local notes_template = [=[ <div class="is-footnote-outer-div" style="width:100%;"> <div class="is-footnote-inner-div"> {footnote} </div></div> ]=] if alternant_multiword_spec.title then forms.title = alternant_multiword_spec.title else forms.title = '<i lang="is">' .. forms.lemma .. 'の格変化</i>' end local annotation = alternant_multiword_spec.annotation if annotation == "" then forms.annotation = "" else forms.annotation = " (<span style=\"font-size: smaller;\">" .. annotation .. "</span>)" end local number, numcode if alternant_multiword_spec.actual_number == "sg" then number, numcode = "singular", "s" elseif alternant_multiword_spec.actual_number == "pl" then number, numcode = "plural", "p" elseif alternant_multiword_spec.actual_number == "none" then -- used for [[sebe]] -- FIXME: Update for Icelandic number, numcode = "", "s" end local definiteness, defcode if alternant_multiword_spec.definiteness == "indef" then definiteness, defcode = "indefinite", "ind" elseif alternant_multiword_spec.definiteness == "def" then definiteness, defcode = "definite", "def" elseif alternant_multiword_spec.definiteness == "none" then definiteness, defcode = "", "ind" end local table_spec = alternant_multiword_spec.actual_number ~= "both" and alternant_multiword_spec.definiteness ~= "bothdef" and get_table_spec_one_number_one_def(number, numcode, definiteness, defcode) or alternant_multiword_spec.actual_number == "both" and table_spec_both or get_table_spec_one_number(number, numcode) forms.notes_clause = forms.footnote ~= "" and m_string_utilities.format(notes_template, forms) or "" return require("モジュール:TemplateStyles")("モジュール:is-noun/style.css") .. m_string_utilities.format(table_spec, forms) end local function compute_headword_genders(alternant_multiword_spec) local genders = {} local number if alternant_multiword_spec.actual_number == "pl" then number = "-p" else number = "" end iut.map_word_specs(alternant_multiword_spec, function(base) if base.actual_gender ~= "none" then m_table.insertIfNot(genders, base.actual_gender .. number) end end) return genders end -- Externally callable function to parse and decline a noun given user-specified arguments and the argument spec -- `argspec` (specified because the user may give multiple such specs). Return value is ALTERNANT_MULTIWORD_SPEC, an -- object where the declined forms are in `ALTERNANT_MULTIWORD_SPEC.forms` for each slot. If there are no values for a -- slot, the slot key will be missing. The value for a given slot is a list of objects {form=FORM, footnotes=FOOTNOTES}. function export.do_generate_forms(args, argspec, source_template) local from_headword = source_template == "is-noun" or source_template == "is-proper noun" local pagename = args.pagename or mw.loadData("モジュール:headword/data").pagename local parse_props = { parse_indicator_spec = function(angle_bracket_spec, lemma) return parse_indicator_spec(angle_bracket_spec, lemma, pagename) end, angle_brackets_omittable = true, allow_blank_lemma = true, } local alternant_multiword_spec = iut.parse_inflected_text(argspec, parse_props) alternant_multiword_spec.title = args.title alternant_multiword_spec.args = args alternant_multiword_spec.source_template = source_template local scrape_errors = {} iut.map_word_specs(alternant_multiword_spec, function(base) if base.scrape_error then table.insert(scrape_errors, base.scrape_error) end end) if scrape_errors[1] then alternant_multiword_spec.scrape_errors = scrape_errors else normalize_all_lemmas(alternant_multiword_spec) set_all_defaults_and_check_bad_indicators(alternant_multiword_spec) -- These need to happen before detect_all_indicator_specs() so that adjectives get their genders and number -- set appropriately, which are needed to correctly synthesize the adjective lemma. propagate_properties(alternant_multiword_spec, "number", "both", "both") -- FIXME, the default value (third param) used to be 'm' with a comment indicating that this applied only to -- plural adjectives, where it didn't matter; but in Icelandic, plural adjectives are distinguished for gender. -- Make sure 'mixed' works. propagate_properties(alternant_multiword_spec, "gender", "mixed", "mixed") propagate_properties(alternant_multiword_spec, "definiteness", "bothdef", "bothdef") detect_all_indicator_specs(alternant_multiword_spec) -- Propagate 'actual_number' after calling detect_all_indicator_specs(), which sets 'actual_number' for -- adjectives. propagate_properties(alternant_multiword_spec, "actual_number", "both", "both") determine_noun_status(alternant_multiword_spec) set_pos(alternant_multiword_spec) alternant_multiword_spec.noun_slots = get_noun_slots(alternant_multiword_spec) local inflect_props = { skip_slot = function(slot) return skip_slot(alternant_multiword_spec.actual_number, alternant_multiword_spec.definiteness, slot) end, slot_list = alternant_multiword_spec.noun_slots, get_variants = get_variants, inflect_word_spec = decline_noun, } iut.inflect_multiword_or_alternant_multiword_spec(alternant_multiword_spec, inflect_props) compute_categories_and_annotation(alternant_multiword_spec) alternant_multiword_spec.genders = compute_headword_genders(alternant_multiword_spec) end if args.json then alternant_multiword_spec.args = nil return require("モジュール:JSON").toJSON(alternant_multiword_spec) end return alternant_multiword_spec end -- Entry point for {{is-ndecl}}. Template-callable function to parse and decline a noun given -- user-specified arguments and generate a displayable table of the declined forms. function export.show(frame) local parent_args = frame:getParent().args local params = { [1] = {required = true, list = true, default = "akur<m.#>"}, deriv = {list = true}, id = {}, title = {}, pagename = {}, json = {type = "boolean"}, } local args = m_para.process(parent_args, params) local alternant_multiword_specs = {} for i, argspec in ipairs(args[1]) do alternant_multiword_specs[i] = export.do_generate_forms(args, argspec, "is-ndecl") end if args.json then -- JSON return value if #args[1] == 1 then return alternant_multiword_specs[1] else return alternant_multiword_specs end end local parts = {} local function ins(txt) table.insert(parts, txt) end for _, alternant_multiword_spec in ipairs(alternant_multiword_specs) do if not alternant_multiword_spec.scrape_errors then show_forms(alternant_multiword_spec) end if alternant_multiword_spec.header then ins(("'''%s:'''\n"):format(alternant_multiword_spec.header)) end if alternant_multiword_spec.q then ins(("''%s''\n"):format(alternant_multiword_spec.q)) end local categories if alternant_multiword_spec.scrape_errors then local errmsgs = {} for _, scrape_error in ipairs(alternant_multiword_spec.scrape_errors) do table.insert(errmsgs, '<span style="font-weight: bold; color: #CC2200;">' .. scrape_error .. "</span>") end -- Surround the messages with a <div> because the table normally does that, and we want to ensure -- similar formatting with respect to newlines. ins("<div>" .. table.concat(errmsgs, "<br />") .. "</div>") categories = {"Icelandic scraping errors in テンプレート:is-ndecl"} else ins(make_table(alternant_multiword_spec)) categories = alternant_multiword_spec.categories end ins(require("モジュール:utilities").format_categories(categories, lang, nil, nil, force_cat)) end return table.concat(parts) end return export n2rsyrj4u77vs4jqgad94qqda49j6g2 0 505603 2292597 2050042 2026-07-03T13:59:50Z 鍼灸 112313 2292597 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{homonym}}=== {{ja-kangokana|h=y}} *【[[週刊誌]]】[[一週]]おきに[[発行]]される[[雑誌]]。 *【[[週刊紙]]】一週おきに発行される[[新聞]]。 f7ugc4cbwid8b798nl2pjbu1a5mrgrd 2292598 2292597 2026-07-03T14:00:00Z 鍼灸 112313 2292598 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{kangokana}}=== {{ja-kangokana|h=y}} *【[[週刊誌]]】[[一週]]おきに[[発行]]される[[雑誌]]。 *【[[週刊紙]]】一週おきに発行される[[新聞]]。 hftt3f631ei08jvg2nqj2at9ycho8hq 0 505606 2292593 2050040 2026-07-03T13:59:07Z 鍼灸 112313 2292593 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{kangokana}}=== {{ja-kangokana|h=y}} *【[[月刊誌]]】[[ひとつき|一月]]おきに[[発行]]される[[雑誌]]。 *【[[月刊紙]]】一月おきに発行される[[新聞]]。 k9jdj63880ss823ph8gbqwqt7de3npt 0 505608 2292599 2050044 2026-07-03T14:00:43Z 鍼灸 112313 2292599 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{kangokana}}=== {{ja-kangokana|h=y}} *【[[日刊紙]]】[[一日]]おきに[[発行]]される[[新聞]]。 *【[[日刊誌]]】一日おきに発行される[[雑誌]]。 f2dtwc1mh5uuam57arlze550msx84an 0 508655 2292858 2055752 2026-07-03T23:35:05Z ふゆくれ 95641 2292858 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|しゃえいぎょうれつ}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|しゃ|えい|ぎょう|れつ|yomi=o}} ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|しゃえいぎょうれつ|acc=4}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|しゃえいぎょうれつ}} #{{context|線形代数学|lang=ja}}<math>P^2=P</math>を満たす[[正方行列]]<math>P</math>。[[冪等行列]]。 #{{context|線形代数学|幾何学|lang=ja}}[[射影変換]]の[[表現行列]]。 rroguzxlvkdo4mfenj9mxps66vuee17 0 520190 2292581 2090458 2026-07-03T13:35:08Z Shishinó Mígami 120892 /* {{L|ja}} */ 2292581 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|とつる}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb|とつる}} #{{context|internet slang|lang=ja}}[[いえ|家]]に訪れるなどして[[直接]]会いに行く。 #{{context|internet slang|lang=ja}}[[企業]]や[[団体]]などに[[電話]]をかけ、[[問題]]とされる[[ふるまい|振る舞い]]などを問いただす。[[電凸]]する。 #{{context|internet slang|computer game|lang=ja}}（FPS・TPSゲーム等で）[[敵地]]に[[突撃]]する。 #{{context|internet slang|computer game|lang=ja}}（特にガチャゲーム等で）｢限界突破｣ の略。[[該当]][[覚醒]][[システム]]で覚醒レベルをアップ・突破する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{日本語五段活用}} 4p566gzlys3umy926qlqv9727kmtab8 2292600 2292581 2026-07-03T14:00:50Z Shishinó Mígami 120892 2292600 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|とつる}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb|とつる}} #{{context|internet slang|lang=ja}}[[いえ|家]]に訪れるなどして[[直接]]会いに行く。 #{{context|internet slang|lang=ja}}[[企業]]や[[団体]]などに[[電話]]をかけ、[[問題]]とされる[[ふるまい|振る舞い]]などを問いただす。[[電凸]]する。 #{{context|internet slang|computer game|lang=ja}}（FPS・TPSゲーム等で）[[敵地]]に[[突撃]]する。 #{{context|internet slang|computer game|lang=ja}}（特にガチャゲーム等で）(｢限界突破｣から) [[該当]][[覚醒]][[システム]]で覚醒レベルをアップ・突破する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{日本語五段活用}} dtrpuxxg2eb3gadzs4uajg9epxar43j 2292603 2292600 2026-07-03T14:01:55Z Shishinó Mígami 120892 /* {{L|ja}} */ 2292603 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|とつる}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb|とつる}} #{{context|internet slang|lang=ja}}[[いえ|家]]に訪れるなどして[[直接]]会いに行く。 #{{context|internet slang|lang=ja}}[[企業]]や[[団体]]などに[[電話]]をかけ、[[問題]]とされる[[ふるまい|振る舞い]]などを問いただす。[[電凸]]する。 #{{context|internet slang|computer game|lang=ja}}（FPS・TPSゲーム等で）[[敵地]]に[[突撃]]する。 #{{context|internet slang|video games|lang=ja}}（特にガチャゲーム等で）(｢限界突破｣から) [[該当]][[覚醒]][[システム]]で覚醒レベルをアップ・突破する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{日本語五段活用}} frzgbdoyyxd0g52a73dib39jwlg23hi 0 524750 2292558 2091782 2026-07-03T12:59:26Z ふゆくれ 95641 2292558 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ぞうふくりつ}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|ぞう|ふく|りつ|yomi=o}} ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|ぞうふくりつ|acc=4}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|ぞうふくりつ}} #{{context|工学|lang=ja}}[[利得]]。 60fo0dum6ofz12zdssr17knd4210k4l 2292575 2292558 2026-07-03T13:18:25Z ふゆくれ 95641 /* {{noun}} */ 2292575 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ぞうふくりつ}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|ぞう|ふく|りつ|yomi=o}} ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|ぞうふくりつ|acc=4}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|ぞうふくりつ}} #{{context|制御理論|lang=ja}}[[利得]]。 11bta80d3m1x4dvq9b7daxxy4piiu24 0 534139 2292791 2111164 2026-07-03T21:13:50Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292791 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{m|es|turbina}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-pr}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #{{context|調理|lang=es}}{{おくりがな3|掻|か|き|混|ま|ぜる|かきまぜる}}、[[攪拌]]する。 {{es-conj-ar|turbin}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|es|turbinación}} * {{l|es|turbinado}} ---- =={{L|nn}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{head|nn|noun form|g=m}} #{{l|nn|turbin}}の非限定複数形。 ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{affix|pt|turbina|-ar}} ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA}} * {{hyph|pt|tur|bi|nar}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #（乗り物に）[[タービン]]を付ける。 #{{context|informal|lang=pt}}[[改良]]する。 #:{{syn|pt|aperfeiçoar|melhorar|aprimorar|tunar}} ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} jdwqfkydlxqgh1x43l4j6w4en7mtchk 0 538648 2292724 2122485 2026-07-03T20:21:46Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292724 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ca}}== ==={{alter}}=== * {{l|ca|pelegrinar}} ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|ca|la|peregrīnārī}} ==={{pron}}=== * {{ca-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ca-verb|ar|peregrin}} #{{context|自動詞|旅行|lang=ca}}[[旅行]]する、[[遍歴]]する。 #{{context|自動詞|lang=ca}}[[巡礼]]する。 {{ca-conj-ar|peregrin}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|ca|peregrí}} * {{l|ca|peregrinació}} ---- =={{L|gl}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|gl}} {{m|la|peregrīnārī}} ==={{verb}}=== {{gl-verb|peregrin|ar}} #{{context|自動詞|旅行|lang=gl}}[[旅行]]する、[[遍歴]]する。 {{gl-conj-ar|peregrin}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|gl|peregrinación}} * {{l|gl|peregrino}} ---- =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|es}} {{m|la|peregrīnārī}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-pr}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #{{context|自動詞|旅行|lang=es}}[[旅行]]する、[[遍歴]]する。 {{es-conj-ar|peregrin}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|peregrinación}} * {{l|es|peregrino}} * {{l|es|peregrinidad}} ---- =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|pt}} {{m|la|peregrīnārī}} ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA}} * {{hyph|pt|pe|re|gri|nar}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #[[巡礼]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|peregrinação}} * {{l|pt|peregrino}} ---- =={{L|ro}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{affix|ro|peregrin|-ar}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ro-noun|m|peregrinari}} #[[巡礼者]]。 {{ro-noun-m}} 4ubx3y6kqi04xve7x0y0o7zl28r1i7x 0 540892 2292758 2127666 2026-07-03T20:59:24Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292758 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ast}}== ==={{verb}}=== {{ast-verb}} #[[挿絵]]を{{おくりがな2|入|い|れる|いれる}}。 {{ast-conj-ar|ilustr}} =={{L|io}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|io|en|illustrate}}, {{bor|io|fr|illustrer}}, {{bor|io|de|illustrieren}}, {{bor|io|it|illustrare}}, {{bor|io|ru|иллюстри́ровать}}, {{bor|io|es|ilustrar}} < {{etyl|la|io}} {{m|la|illūstrāre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{io-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{io-verb|ilustr}} #{{context|他動詞|lang=io}}[[挿絵]]を{{おくりがな2|入|い|れる|いれる}}。 ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|io|ilustro}} * {{l|io|ilustruro}} ==={{seealso}}=== * {{l|io|enluminar}} * {{l|io|klarigar}} * {{l|io|explikar}} =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|es|la|illūstrāre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-pr}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #{{context|他動詞|lang=es}}[[挿絵]]を{{おくりがな2|入|い|れる|いれる}}。 #{{context|比喩|他動詞|lang=es}}[[啓蒙]]する、[[啓発]]する、[[知識]]を与える。 #: {{syn|es|instruir|civilizar|enseñar}} #{{context|pronominal|lang=es}}{{おくりがな2|学|まな|ぶ|まなぶ}}、知識を{{おくりがな2|広|ひろ|げる|ひろげる}}。 #: {{syn|es|educarse}} {{es-conj-ar|ilustr}} =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|pt|la|illūstrāre}} ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #{{context|他動詞|lang=pt}}[[挿絵]]を{{おくりがな2|入|い|れる|いれる}}。 #{{context|他動詞|lang=pt}}[[高尚]]にする。 #{{context|他動詞|lang=pt}}[[説明]]する、[[知識]]を与える。 #: {{syn|pt|instruir|esclarecer}} #{{context|pronominal|lang=pt}}{{おくりがな2|学|まな|ぶ|まなぶ}}、知識を{{おくりがな2|広|ひろ|げる|ひろげる}}。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} 9pmi3sma0gcxdl7r335s1elcrqdjdjq 0 541337 2292754 2128580 2026-07-03T20:59:23Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292754 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|gl}}== ==={{pron}}=== * {{hyph|gl|in|cen|ti|var}} ==={{verb}}=== {{gl-verb}} #{{おくりがな2|励|はげ|ます|はげます}}、[[奨励]]する、[[動機]]を与える。 #: {{ant|gl|desincentivar}} {{gl-conj-ar|incentiv}} =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{affix|es|incentivo|-ar}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-pr}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #{{context|他動詞|lang=es}}{{おくりがな2|励|はげ|ます|はげます}}、[[奨励]]する、[[動機]]を与える。 #: {{syn|es|fomentar}} #: {{ant|es|desincentivar}} {{es-conj-ar|incentiv}} ===={{drv}}==== * {{l|es|incentivación}} * {{l|es|desincentivar}} =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{affix|pt|incentivo|-ar}} < {{etyl|LL.|pt}} {{m|la|incentivum}} ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #{{おくりがな2|励|はげ|ます|はげます}}、[[奨励]]する、[[動機]]を与える。 #: {{ant|pt|desincentivar}} ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj}} 6r87ggojjf4avexwr7gzqq5scf2jusf 0 550531 2292578 2146926 2026-07-03T13:25:37Z うーむ 129171 /* */ 2292578 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} {{also|ふしゅつ|ふじゅつ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{homonym}}=== {{ja-hom}} *【[[武術]]】：武芸。 *【[[撫恤]]】：慈しみ、憐れむこと。 457kgkbzcqc65jmrxll5eqx9si46zkb 2292592 2292578 2026-07-03T13:57:50Z 鍼灸 112313 2292592 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} {{also|ふしゅつ|ふじゅつ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{kangokana}}=== {{ja-kangokana|h=y}} *【[[武術]]】：武芸。 *【[[撫恤]]】：慈しみ、憐れむこと。 3xqdar52iwmmd94biu9nwmya3qgr65f 0 562413 2292788 2171297 2026-07-03T21:12:28Z Kuroco2k 84207 2292788 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ast}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|ast|la|omittere}} ==={{verb}}=== {{ast-verb-ir|omit}} #{{おくりがな2|省|はぶ|く|はぶく}}、{{おくりがな2|怠|おこた|る|おこたる}}、[[省略]]する。 {{ast-conj-ir|omit}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|ast|omisión}} =={{L|gl}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{lbor|gl|la|omittere}} ==={{verb}}=== {{gl-verb|omit|ir}} #{{おくりがな2|省|はぶ|く|はぶく}}、{{おくりがな2|怠|おこた|る|おこたる}}、[[省略]]する。 {{gl-conj-ir|omit}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|gl|omisión}} =={{L|es}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|es|la|omittere}} ==={{pron}}=== {{es-pr}} ==={{verb}}=== {{es-verb}} #{{タグ|es|他動詞}}{{おくりがな2|省|はぶ|く|はぶく}}、{{おくりがな2|怠|おこた|る|おこたる}}、[[省略]]する。 {{es-conj-ir|omit}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|es|omisión}} * {{l|es|omiso}} =={{L|pt}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor|pt|la|omittere}} ==={{pron}}=== {{pt-IPA}} * {{hyphenation|o|mi|tir}} ==={{verb}}=== {{pt-verb}} #{{タグ|pt|他動詞}}{{おくりがな2|省|はぶ|く|はぶく}}、{{おくりがな2|怠|おこた|る|おこたる}}、[[省略]]する。 ===={{conjug}}==== {{pt-conj|<short_pp:omisso>}} ===={{rel}}==== * {{l|pt|omissão}} * {{l|pt|omisso}} 59x3heosl39otl4fcip340q1r8a85z5 4 585090 2292933 2279649 2026-07-04T04:09:00Z ArchiverBot 26434 ボットによる: 5件のスレッドを「[[Wiktionary:おしらせ]]」より過去ログ化 2292933 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Archives|Wiktionary:おしらせ}} == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-03</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W03"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/03|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The Wikimedia Foundation has shared some guiding questions for the July 2026–June 2027 Annual Plan on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Product & Technology OKRs|Meta]] and ''[[diffblog:2025/12/10/shaping-wikimedia-foundations-2026-2027-annual-goals-key-questions-for-the-wikimedia-movement/|Diff]]''. These focus on global trends, faster and healthier experimentation, better support for newcomers, strengthening editors and advanced users, improving collaboration across projects, and growing and retaining readership. Feedback and ideas are welcome on the [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]]. '''Updates for editors''' * As part of the current work of Community Tech team on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/W372|Multiple watchlists]] project, the display of [[Special:EditWatchlist|EditWatchlist]] will be updated as a first step towards multiple watchlists. Additionally, the pagination on [[Special:Search|Search]] will be updated too, as a part of the work on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/W186|Revamp pagination / page navigation]] wish. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411596] * [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|The Global Watchlist]] is a MediaWiki [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] that lets you see your watchlists from different wikis on the same page. It was recently updated to look more like the regular [[Special:Watchlist|Watchlist]], such as preparing it for temporary accounts in IP masking (including rerouting user links to contributions pages), making page titles bold, and opening links in edit summaries and tags in new browser tabs. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398361][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T298919][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T273526][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T286309] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:28}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:28|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where global blocks did not have the option to disable sending emails, has now been fixed, and will be available for use in the week of January 13. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401293] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Citation tool|VisualEditor citation tool]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Reference Previews|Reference Previews]] now support "map" as a reference type. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411083] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.10|MediaWiki]]/[[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.11|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/03|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W03"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 2026年1月12日 (月) 19:33 (UTC) <!-- User:STei (WMF)@metawiki が https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29907192 のリストを使用して送信したメッセージ --> == Thank You for Last Year – Join Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 == Dear Wikimedia communities, We hope you are doing well, and we wish you a happy New Year. ''Last year, we captured light. This year, we’ll capture legacy.'' In 2025, communities around the world shared the glow of Ramadan nights and the warmth of collective iftars. In 2026, ''Wiki Loves Ramadan'' is expanding, bringing more stories, more cultures, and deeper global connections across Wikimedia projects. We invite you to explore the ''Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026'' [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Meta page]] to learn how you can participate and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026/Participating communities|sign up]] your community. 📷 ''Photo campaign on '' [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Wikimedia Commons]] If you have questions about the project, please refer to the FAQs: * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ/|Meta-Wiki]] * [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ|Wikimedia Commons]] ''Early registration for updates is now open via the '''[[m:Special:RegisterForEvent/2710|Event page]]''''' ''Stay connected and receive updates:'' * [https://t.me/WikiLovesRamadan Telegram channel] * [https://lists.wikimedia.org/postorius/lists/wikilovesramadan.lists.wikimedia.org/ Mailing list] We look forward to collaborating with you and your community. '''The Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 Organizing Team''' 2026年1月16日 (金) 19:45 (UTC) <!-- User:ZI Jony@metawiki が https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29879549 のリストを使用して送信したメッセージ --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-04</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W04"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/04|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The tray shown on [[Special:Diff|Special:Diff]] in mobile view has been redesigned. It is now collapsed by default, and incorporates a link to undo the edit being viewed, making it easier for mobile editors and reviewers to take action while keeping the interface uncluttered. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402297] * [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|The Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] continues to improve — it now automatically determines the text direction (ensuring correct display of sites with unusual domain names) and shows detailed descriptions for log actions. Later this week, a new permanent link for page creations and CSS classes for each entry element will be added. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T412505][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T287929][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T262768][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414135] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:32}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:32|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the previously observed issue in Vector 2022, where anchor link targets were obscured by the sticky header, has now been addressed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T406114] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * As mentioned in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/44|October 2025 deprecation announcement]], MediaWiki Interfaces team will begin sunsetting all transform endpoints containing a trailing slash from the MediaWiki REST API the week of January 26. Changes are expected to roll out to all wikis on or before January 30th. All API users currently calling them are encouraged to transition to the non-trailing slash versions. Both endpoint variations can be found, compared, and tested using the [https://test.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RestSandbox REST Sandbox]. If you have questions or encounter any problems, please file a ticket in Phabricator to the [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/view/6931/ #MW-Interfaces-Team board]. * Interactive reference documentation for the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia REST API|Wikimedia REST API]] has moved. Requests to API docs previously hosted through [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/RESTBase|RESTBase]] (e.g.: <code dir=ltr>https://en.wikipedia.org/api/rest_v1/</code>) are now redirected to the [[w:en:Special:RestSandbox|REST Sandbox]]. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata Platform|WMF Wikidata Platform team]] (WDP) has published its [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Wikidata Platform team/Newsletter|January 2026 newsletter]]. It includes updates on the legacy full-graph endpoint decommissioning, the User-Agent policy change, the monthly Blazegraph migration office hours, and efforts to reduce regressions caused by the legacy endpoint shutdown. As a reminder, you can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/WDP team updates|subscribe to the WDP newsletter]]! * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.12|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * The [[mw:Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026|Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026]] will take place on 13-14 March 2026 in Arnhem, the Netherlands. Applications opened mid-December and will close soon or when capacity is reached. It's a two-day, technically oriented hackathon bringing together Wikimedians from the region. Hope to see you there! '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/04|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W04"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 2026年1月19日 (月) 20:29 (UTC) <!-- User:STei (WMF)@metawiki が https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29943403 のリストを使用して送信したメッセージ --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Annual review of the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> I am writing to you to let you know the annual review period for the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines is open now. You can make suggestions for changes through 9 February 2026. This is the first step of several to be taken for the annual review. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2026|Read more information and find a conversation to join on the UCoC page on Meta]]. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|you may review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate. -- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> 2026年1月19日 (月) 21:02 (UTC) <!-- User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki が https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29905753 のリストを使用して送信したメッセージ --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-05</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W05"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/05|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * Wikimedia Foundation invites comments on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Year1 Reflections and Proposed Way Forward 2026 Update|proposed future]] of the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council|Product and Technology Advisory Council]] until 28 February. * All users with registered accounts can now use passkeys for [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Two-factor authentication|two-factor authentication]] (2FA). Passkeys are a simple way to log in without using a second device. They verify the user's identity using a fingerprint, face scan, or a PIN code. To set up a passkey, first set up a regular 2FA method. Currently, to log in with a passkey, users must also use a password. Later this quarter, passwordless login will allow users to log in with a single click and a passkey. Users with advanced rights will also be required to have 2FA enabled. This is part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security|Account Security]] project. * Unregistered contributors on blocked IPs or blocked IP ranges can now interact on-wiki to appeal a block by creating a temporary account to appeal a block on the user talk page, unless the "prevent this user from editing their own talk page" is enabled. This solves the problem of logged-out users unable to use the default unblock process via user talk page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398673] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:20}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:20|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) methods description on the management page has been updated. It is now clearer and easier for users to understand and make use of. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T332385] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * A new AbuseFilter variable, <code>account_type</code>, has been added to provide a reliable way to determine the account type being created in the <code>createaccount</code> and <code>autocreateaccount</code> actions. As part of this change, the variable <code>accountname</code> has been renamed to <code>account_name</code>, and <code>accountname</code> is now deprecated. Edit filter managers should update any filters that use hardcoded account type checks or the deprecated variable. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414049] * Image thumbnails that are requested in non-standard sizes, and using non-standard methods such as direct requests to <code dir=ltr><nowiki>upload.wikimedia.org/…</nowiki></code> will stop working in the near future. This change is to prevent ongoing external abuse by web-scrapers and bots. Some users with custom CSS/JS, Interface Admins who can fix gadgets and local skins, and Tool-authors, will need to update their code to use standard thumbnail sizes. [[phab:T414805|Details, search-links, and examples of how to fix them, are available in the task]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.13|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/05|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W05"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 2026年1月26日 (月) 21:17 (UTC) <!-- User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki が https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29969530 のリストを使用して送信したメッセージ --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-06</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W06"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/06|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The "{{int:pageinfo-toolboxlink}}" feature, which gives validating information about a page ([{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=info}} example]), now automatically includes a table of contents. If there is a local [[{{ns:8}}:Pageinfo-header]] page created by individual users, it can now be removed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T363726] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, VisualEditor previously added bold or italic formatting inside link descriptions, making the wikicode complex. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T409669] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * There was no XML dump on 20 January. Additionally, from now on, dumps will be generated once per month only. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414389] * The MediaWiki Interfaces team removed support for all transform endpoints containing a trailing slash from the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/API:REST%20API MediaWiki REST API]. All API users currently calling those endpoints are encouraged to transition to the non-trailing slash versions. If you have questions or encounter any problems, please file a ticket in phabricator to the [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/view/6931/ #MW-Interfaces-Team board]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.14|MediaWiki]] '''Weekly highlight''' * Users are reminded that the Wikimedia Foundation has shared some guiding questions for the July 2026–June 2027 Annual Plan on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Product & Technology OKRs|Meta]] and ''[[diffblog:2025/12/10/shaping-wikimedia-foundations-2026-2027-annual-goals-key-questions-for-the-wikimedia-movement/|Diff]]''. These focus on global trends, faster and healthier experimentation, better support for newcomers, strengthening editors and advanced users, improving collaboration across projects, and growing and retaining readership. Feedback and ideas are welcome on the [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/06|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W06"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 2026年2月2日 (月) 17:43 (UTC) <!-- User:STei (WMF)@metawiki が https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30000986 のリストを使用して送信したメッセージ --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-07</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W07"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/07|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * [[File:Maki-gift-15.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] Logged-in contributors who manage large or complex watchlists can now organise and filter watched pages in ways that improve their workflows with the new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Watchlist labels|Watchlist labels]] feature. By adding custom labels (for example: pages you created, pages being monitored for vandalism, or discussion pages) users can more quickly identify what needs attention, reduce cognitive load, and respond more efficiently. This improves watchlist usability, especially for highly active editors. * A new feature available on [[Special:Contributions|Special:Contributions]] shows [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] that are likely operated by the same person, and so makes patrolling less time-consuming. Upon checking contributions of a temporary account, users with access to temporary account IP addresses can now see a view of contributions from the related temporary accounts. The feature looks up all the IPs associated with a given temporary account within the data retention period and shows all the contributions of all temporary accounts that have used these IPs. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts#February 2026: Improvements to the patroller tooling|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415674] * When editors preview a wikitext edit, the reminder box that they are only seeing a preview (which is shown at the top), now has a grey/neutral background instead of a yellow/warning background. This makes it easier to distinguish preview notes from actual warnings (for example, edit conflicts or problematic redirect targets), which will now be shown in separate warning or error boxes. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414742] * The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] continues to improve — it now properly supports more than one Wikibase site, for example both [[d:|Wikidata]] and [[testwikidata:|testwikidata]]. In addition, issues regarding text direction have been fixed for users who prefer Wikidata or other Wikibase sites in right-to-left (RTL) languages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415440][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415458] * The automatic "magic links" for ISBN, RFC, and PMID numbers have been [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic links|deprecated in wikitext since 2021]] due to inflexibility and difficulties with localization. Several wikis have successfully replaced RFC and PMID magic links with equivalent external links, but a template was often required to replace the functionality of the ISBN magic link. There is now a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#isbn|built-in parser function]] <code dir=ltr><nowiki>{{#isbn}}</nowiki></code> available to replace the basic functionality of the ISBN magic link. This makes it easier for wikis who wish to migrate off of the deprecated magic link functionality to do so. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T145604] * Two new wikis have been created: ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q35401|Jju]] ([[w:kaj:|<code>w:kaj:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413283] ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q1186896|Nawat]] ([[w:ppl:|<code>w:ppl:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413273] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * A new global user group has been created: [[{{int:grouppage-local-bot}}|{{int:group-local-bot}}]]. It will be used internally by the software to allow community bots to bypass rate limits that are applied to abusive [[w:en:Web scraping|web scrapers]]. Accounts that are approved as bots on at least one Wikimedia wiki will be automatically added to this group. It will not change what user permissions the bot has. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415588] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.15|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Spring 2026|MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference, Spring 2026]] will be held March 25–27 in Salt Lake City, USA. This event is organized by and for the third-party MediaWiki community. You can propose sessions and register to attend. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/AZBWVI46SDEB65PGR5J6E4TYOQQEZXM7/] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/07|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W07"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 2026年2月9日 (月) 23:30 (UTC) <!-- User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki が https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30026671 のリストを使用して送信したメッセージ --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-08</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W08"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/08|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Site Reliability Engineering|SRE Team]] will be performing a cleanup of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Etherpad|Etherpad]] instance, the web-based editor for real-time collaborative document editing. All pads will be permanently deleted after 30 April, 2026 – if there are still migration projects in progress at that point the team can revisit the date on a case by case basis. Please create local backups of any content you wish to keep, as deleted data cannot be recovered. This cleanup helps reduce database size and minimize infrastructure footprint. Etherpad will continue to support real-time collaboration, but long-term storage should not be expected. Additional cleanups may occur in the future without prior notice. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415237] '''Updates for editors''' * The Information Retrieval team will be launching an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Information Retrieval/Phase 1|Android mobile app experiment]] that tests hybrid search capabilities which can handle both semantic and keyword queries. The improvement of on-platform search will enable readers to find what they’re looking for directly on Wikipedia more easily. The experiment will first be launched on Greek Wikipedia in late February, followed by English, French, and Portuguese in March. [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/01/08/semantic-search-making-it-easier-to-find-the-information-readers-want/ Read more] on Diff blog. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Readers/Information_Retrieval] * The Reader Growth team will run [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/WE3.10.2 Mobile Table of Contents|an experiment]] for mobile web users, that adds a table of contents and automatically expands all article sections, to learn more about navigation issues they face. The test will be available on Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Indonesian, and Vietnamese Wikipedias. * Previously, site notices ([[{{ns:8}}:Sitenotice]] and [[{{ns:8}}:Anonnotice]]) would only render on the desktop site. Now, they will render on all platforms. Users on mobile web will now see these notices and be informed. Site administrators should be prepared to test and fix notices on mobile devices to avoid interference with articles. To opt out, interface admins can add <code dir="ltr">#siteNotice { display: none; }</code> to [[{{ns:8}}:Minerva.css]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T138572][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416644] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:19}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:19|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue on [[Special:RecentChanges|Special:RecentChanges]] has been fixed. Previously, clicking hide in the active filters caused the "view new changes since…" button to disappear, though it should have remained visible. The button now behaves as expected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T406339] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * New documentation is now available to help editors debug on-site search features. It supports troubleshooting when pages do not appear in results, when ranking seems unexpected, and when you need to inspect what content is being indexed, helping make search behavior easier to understand and analyze. [[mw:Help:CirrusSearch/Debug|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411169] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.16|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/08|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W08"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 2026年2月16日 (月) 19:17 (UTC) <!-- User:STei (WMF)@metawiki が https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30086330 のリストを使用して送信したメッセージ --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-09</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W09"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/09|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Reference Check|Reference Check]] has been deployed to English Wikipedia, completing its rollout across all Wikipedias. The feature prompts newcomers to add a citation before publishing new content, helping reduce common citation-related reverts and improve verifiability. In A/B testing, the impact was substantial: newcomers shown Reference Check were approximately 2.2 times more likely to include a reference on desktop and about 17.5 times more likely on mobile web. [https://analytics.wikimedia.org/published/reports/editing/reference_check_ab_test_report_final_2025.html] '''Updates for editors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:InterwikiSorting|InterwikiSorting extension]], which allowed for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Interwiki sorting order|sorting of interwiki links]], has been undeployed from Wikipedia. As a result, editors who had enabled interwiki link sorting in non-compact mode (full list format) will now see links reordered. The links moving forward will be listed in the alphabetical order of language code. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T253764] * Later this week, people who are editing a page-section using the mobile visual editor, will notice a new "Edit full page" button. When tapped, you will be able to edit the entire article. This helps when the change you want to make is outside the section you initially opened. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T387175][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T409112] * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|The Reader Experience team]] is inviting editors to assess whether dark mode should still be considered "beta" on their wiki, based on their experience of how well it functions on desktop and mobile. If the feature is deemed mature, editors can update the interface messages in <code dir=ltr>MediaWiki:skin-theme-description</code> and <code dir=ltr>MediaWiki:Vector-night-mode-beta-tag</code> to indicate that dark mode is ready and no longer considered beta. * The improved [[mw:Wikimedia_Apps/Team/iOS/Activity_Tab|Activity tab]] which displays user-insights is now available to all users of the Wikipedia iOS app (version 7.9.0 and later). Following earlier A/B testing that showed higher account creation among users with access to the feature, it has been rolled out to 100% of users along with some updates. The Activity tab now shows your edited articles in the timeline, offers editing impact insights like contribution counts and article view trends, and customization options to improve in-app experience for users. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug that prevented [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]] from working on mobile has now been fixed, restoring full functionality. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415303] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] that makes this possible continues to improve. The latest upgrade is the inclusion of a [[mw:Extension:GlobalWatchlist#hook|new hook]], <code dir=ltr>ext.globalwatchlist.rebuild</code>, which fires after each watchlist rebuild. This allows you to run gadgets and user scripts for the Special page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T275159] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.17|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/09|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W09"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 2026年2月23日 (月) 19:03 (UTC) <!-- User:STei (WMF)@metawiki が https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30119102 のリストを使用して送信したメッセージ --> == 技術ニュース: 2026-10 == <section begin="technews-2026-W10"/><div class="plainlinks"> ウィキメディア技術コミュニティの最新版'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|技術ニュース]]'''です。他の利用者にも下記の変更についてお伝えください。直接の影響はない項目も含まれる場合があります。このニュースは各言語に[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/10|翻訳]]されています。 '''今週のハイライト''' * ウィキペディア25[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments|誕生日モード]]（Wikipedia 25 Birthday mode）の展開先はウィキペディアの英語、イタリア語、インドネシア語、オランダ語、ゴロンタロ語、シチリア語、スペイン語、タイ語、チェコ語、中国語、フランス語、ベタウィ語、ブルトン語、ベトナム語、マドゥラ語、ルクセンブルク語で利用できるようになりました。これは期間限定のキャンペーン機能であり、（英語版）ウィキペディア25周年を記念して誕生日ゆるキャラ「ベビー・グローブ」が登場します。このゆるキャラは同機能が有効になると、[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments/article configuration|記事およそ2500件]]に表示されて読者の目に留まるのを心待ちにしています。それぞれコミュニティ内で誕生日モードを有効にする合意を形成してから、この機能を当該のコミュニティでも有効にすること、ローカルのウィキの[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments#Community Configuration Demo|コミュニティ設定]]もカスタム化することを管理者に依頼してください。 '''編集者対象の更新''' * [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|補参照]]（Sub-referencing）という新しい機能は、同じ典拠から異なる細部を出典に引くもので、すでに展開した先はウィキペディアのスウェーデン語版とポーランド語版に加えて[[:phab:T418209|その他の複数のウィキ]]です。[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#test|この機能を試す]]には、左記のプロジェクトもしくはテストウィキと[https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmcloud.org/wiki/Sub-referencing ベータウィキ]（testwiki、betawiki）でお願いします。1番目のパイロット展開先はウィキペディア・ドイツ語版で、そちらから得た知見は[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing/Learnings|レポート]]として公開してあります。[[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Pilot wikis|パイロット版ウィキ参加に関心がありましたら]]、ウィキメディア・ドイツ協会の担当チームまでお問い合わせください。 * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#Paste check|貼り付けチェック]]（Paste Check）は今週、ウィキペディアの全ての言語版に導入します。この機能はビジュアル編集機能（VisualEditor）を使う新規利用者に対して、自分以外の人が書いた文を記事ページに貼り付けたときに著作権侵害のリスクがないか検討を促します。貼り付けチェックは、見直しを促した編集全てに[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Tags|タグ付け]]をします。ローカルの管理者の皆さんにはこの機能のさまざまな要件を[[{{#special:EditChecks}}]]経由で設定してください。ウィキ22件を[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Paste Check#A/B Experiment|調査した]]結果、この関係の編集差し戻しは対照グループと比べると、貼り付けチェック（Paste Check）の導入後が18%減少しています。翻訳者の皆さんには、これと関連機能の機能の[https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&group=ext-visualeditor-ve-mw-editcheck&filter=&optional=1&action=translate ローカル化に手を貸して]ください。 * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|閲覧者体験チーム]]（Reader Experience team）ではモバイル機器の画面右上角にある利用者メニューを統一、デスクトップ版の体験に近づけます。現状ではこのメニューは個人設定で高度なモバイルコントロール（AMC＝Advanced Mobile Controls）を有効にした人にのみ表示されます。今回の変更に伴い、AMCを有効にしていない人たちは画面左側のメニューからボタンがいくつか右上角に移動します。この変更はUI（ユーザインタフェース）の改善が目的であり、3月9日に展開の予定です。 [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413912] * 3月2日の週より、メールアドレスの登録や除去、変更をしたときに発信するメールは、従来の平文（plaintext）形式からHTML 形式に刷新して、より読みやすくすっきりと表示するようになります。 [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T410807] * 現在、通知は利用者1人に対して通算2000件を上限としてあり、また過去ログは同機能を導入した2013年以降です。これを変更し、通知の保存は過去5年以内、ただし上限は1万件に引き上げます。これは長期間にわたりインフラの健全性を保つこと、また最近の通知ほど消えるまでの期間が短くならないように役立つはずです。 [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383948] * [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|グローバル・ウォッチリスト]]（Global Watchlist）とは自分が複数のウィキに作ったそれぞれのウォッチリストを1ページで閲覧できるもので、改善を重ねています。最新の更新はラベルの使用体験を改善しました。ウィキデータの項目では[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|拡張機能]]として[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Language#Fallback languages|言語フォールバック方式]]を有効にするとき、表示言語でラベルを付けなくて済み、ラベルの表示には、<code dir=ltr>uselang=</code> URL 引数の指定がない場合に利用者がウィキデータで選んだ表示言語を使います。 [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373686][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416111] * ウィキペディア Android チームでは、ギリシャ語版ウィキペディアで[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Information Retrieval/Phase 1|複合型検索]]（hybrid search）のベータテストに取り組みます。複合型の検索とはクエリに意味論とキーワードの両方を処理するため、ウィキペディアの読者にとって、自分が探しているものが直接、簡単に見つかるという意味です。 * セキュリティ上の理由により、特定の利用者グループに属する人は[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Mandatory two-factor authentication for users with some extended rights|2要素認証]]を有効にすることが必須です（2FA＝two-factor authentication）。現状、2FA は当該の利用者グループを使う場合には必須ですが、参加者であるためには不要です。依然として複数の脆弱性が残るこのモデルの状況を、[[phab:T418580|3月に徐々に変更します]]。これらグループの参加者はアカウントで直近に使った2FA方式を無効化できなくなり、またこれらグループでは、2FAを使用しない利用者の追加もできなくなります。利用者は認証方式を少なくとも1件、継続して有効にしてあるなら、引き続き新しい認証方式の追加や削除ができます。3月後半には、2FA未設定の利用者はこれらグループから除去され、2FA なしの利用者をこれらグループに追加することは不可能になります。対象者は、一斉通知管理者（CentralNotice）、チェックユーザー、インターフェース管理者、サプレッサー（suppressors）、ウィキデータおよび関数ウィキ（Wikifunctions）担当スタッフ、ウィキメディア財団事務局IT、同財団信頼安全部です。その他の利用者には、なんらの変更もありません。展開スケジュールは、リンク先のタスクをご覧ください。 [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418580] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|定例]] コミュニティが提出した{{PLURAL:27|タスク類}}のうち[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|先週の解決分]] {{formatnum:27}} 件に目を通してください。 たとえば、 [https://www.wikibase.cloud/ Wikibase.cloud] で使用事例を作成しようとする利用者を阻む問題はすでに修正されました。 [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416807] '''技術系貢献者への情報更新''' * ウィキメディア財団は今後1ヶ月を費やし、[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|インフラの公正な利用]]を確保するためAPI全体にグローバルAPIレート制限を導入します。3月上旬には、Toolforge/WMCS の外部経由の未確認リクエストと、ウェブブラウザ由来のAPIリクエストに対して適用する制限をより厳しくします。確認済みのトラフィックは4月に、制限をより高くします。コミュニティへの影響を最小限に抑えるため、これら制限は意図的に、可能な限り高く設定しています。現時点では、Toolforge/WMCS で実行するボット、または任意のウィキでボット利用者権限を使って実行するボット群には、影響は及びません。ただし、開発者の皆さんは全員、最新の最前手法に従うようお勧めします。詳細は、[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia API/レート制限]]をご参照ください。 * ウィキデータ・クエリサービス（Wikidata Query Service）のリンク付きデータ断片（LDF＝Linked Data Fragment）は2月にエンドポイントを廃止します。このエンドポイントが処理するトラフィックは限定されていましたが、既存のユースケースに適した他のデータアクセス方法に正常に移行しました。LDFエンドポイント対応に使用してきたハードウェアを再割り当てして、進行中のバックエンド移行作業に対応します。 [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415696] * Parsoid 新パーサは[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Updates|引き続き他のウィキにも導入予定]]で、プラットフォームの持続可能性を向上させ、閲覧・編集の新機能の導入が容易になります。Parsoid は現在、既定でWMFウィキ488件（ウィキペディア268言語版）のパーサであり、ウィキペディアのページビュー全体の10%超を占めます。 * 商用事業''ウィキメディア・エンタープライズ'' APIに対する大容量フィードの[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise#Access|例外アクセスを申請する]]手順と基準を[[m:Talk:Wikimedia Enterprise#Exceptional access criteria|公開しました]]（使命に沿った利用例は無料で利用可）。その意図とは、利用者にはより詳細で明確な説明文書を提供するためです。 * [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/ Tech Blog]（テクブログ）はウィキメディアの技術コミュニティ専用に開設したものですが、公式ブログ [[diffblog:|Diff]]（ディフ）内のコミュニティニュースとイベントブログに[https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2026/02/24/a-tech-blog-diff/ 移行の予定]です。移行実施は2026年4月に完了予定で、それ以降、新しい投稿の公開を受け付けます。新旧の投稿にアクセスしたい皆さんは、扉ページから探してください（https://diff.wikimedia.org/techblog<nowiki/>）。 * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|定例]] 今週後半にかけて以下のコード更新を予定しています。 [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.18|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|技術ニュース]]'''は[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|技術大使]]によって準備され[[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|ボット]]によって配信されています&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|寄稿]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/10|翻訳]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|相談]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|フィードバック]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|購読/購読解除]]'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W10"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 2026年3月2日 (月) 17:51 (UTC) <!-- User:STei (WMF)@metawiki が https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30137798 のリストを使用して送信したメッセージ --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-11</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W11"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/11|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|All wikis will be read-only]] for a few minutes on Wednesday, 25 March 2026 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1774450800 15:00 UTC]. This is for the datacenter server switchover backup tests, [[wikitech:Deployments/Yearly calendar|which happen twice a year]]. During the switchover, all Wikimedia website traffic is shifted from one primary data center to the backup data center to test availability and prevent service disruption even in emergencies. * Last week, all wikis had 2 hours of read-only time, and extended unavailability for user-scripts and gadgets. This was due to a security incident which has since been resolved. Work is ongoing to prevent re-occurrences. For current information please see the [[m:Steward's noticeboard#Statement on Meta about today's user script security incident|post on the Stewards' noticeboard]] ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Product and Technology/Product Safety and Integrity/March 2026 User Script Incident|translations]]). '''Updates for editors''' * Users facing multiple blocks on mobile will now see the reasons for each block separately, instead of a generic message. This helps them understand why they are blocked and what steps they can take to resolve the issue. For example, users affected for using common VPNs (such as [[Special:MyLanguage/Apple iCloud Private Relay|iCloud Private Relay]]) will receive clearer guidance on what they need to do to start editing again. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T357118] * Later this week, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Suggestion Mode|Suggestion Mode]] will become available as a beta feature within the visual editor at all Wikipedias. This feature proactively suggests various types of actions that people can consider taking to improve Wikipedia articles, and learn about related guidelines. The feature is locally configurable, and can also be locally expanded with custom Suggestions. Current settings can be seen at [[Special:EditChecks]] and there are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Suggestion mode#For administrators %E2%80%93 local customization|instructions for how administrators can customize]] the links to point to local guidelines. The feature is connected to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check|Edit check]] which suggests improvements while someone is writing new content. In the future, the Editing team plans to evaluate the feature's impact with newcomers through a controlled experiment. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T404600] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where the cursor became misaligned during the use of CodeMirror’s syntax highlighting, which makes wikitext and code easier to read, has now been fixed. This problem specifically affected users who defined a font rule in a custom stylesheet while creating a new topic with DiscussionTools. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418793] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * API rate limiting update: To help ensure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]], global API rate limits will be applied this week to requests without a compliant User-Agent that originate from outside Toolforge/WMCS and to unauthenticated requests made from web browsers. Higher limits will be applied to identified traffic in April. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]]. * The new GraphQL API has been released. The API was developed as a flexible alternative to select features of the Wikidata Query Service (WDQS), to improve developer experience and foster adaptability, and efficient data access. Try it out and [[d:Wikidata:Wikibase GraphQL#Feedback and development|give feedback]]. You can also [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/GraphQLAPI/apply sign up for usability tests]. * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group|PTAC Unsupported Tools Working Group]] continued improvements to [[commons:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Video2commons#|Video2Commons]] in February, with fixes addressing authentication errors, large-file handling, task queue visibility, and clearer upload behavior. Work is still ongoing in some areas, including changes related to deprecated server-side uploads. Read [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group#February 2026|this update]] to learn more. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.19|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * The Article Guidance team invites experienced Wikipedia editors from selected [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance/Pilot wikis and collaborators#Collaborators|pilot wikis]] and interested contributors from other Wikipedias to fill out this questionnaire which is available in [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfmLeVWnxmsCbPoI_UF2jyRcn73WRGWCVPHzerXb4Cz97X_Ag/viewform English], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSd6rzr4XXQw8r4024fE3geTPFe13M_6w7Mitj-YJi0sOlWTAw/viewform?usp=header Arabic], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdok3-RfB18lcugYTUMGkpwmqG_8p760Wv4dCXitOXOszjUDw/viewform?usp=header Bengali], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfjTfYp4jEo0akA4B1e-Nfg3QZPCudUjhJzHzzDi6AHyAaMGA/viewform?usp=header Japanese], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScteVoI29Aue4xc72dekk-6RYtvmMgQxzMI900UOawrFrSTWg/viewform?usp=header Portuguese], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSetdxnYwL3ub2vqA7awCg5hJZPMIYcDPaiTe12rY9h0GYnVlw/viewform?usp=header Persian], and [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScNvfJF-Ot-4pzA4qAN771_0QDJ4Li19YcUsaTgSKW8Nc7U_Q/viewform?usp=header Turkish]. Your answers will help the team customize guidance for less experienced editors and help them learn community policies and practices while creating an article. Learn more [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|on the project page]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/11|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W11"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 2026年3月9日 (月) 18:53 (UTC) <!-- User:STei (WMF)@metawiki が https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30213008 のリストを使用して送信したメッセージ --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-12</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W12"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/12|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]] beta feature, also known as [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror 6]], has been used for wikitext syntax highlighting since November 2024. It will be promoted out of beta by May 2026 in order to bring improvements and new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Features|features]] to all editors who use the standard syntax highlighter. If you have any questions or concerns about promoting the feature out of beta, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help talk:Extension:CodeMirror|please share]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T259059] * Some changes to local user groups are performed by stewards on Meta-Wiki and logged there only. Now, interwiki rights changes will be logged both on Meta-Wiki and the wiki of the target user to make it easier to access a full record of user's rights changes on a local wiki. Past log entries for such changes will be backfilled in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T6055] * On wikis using [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Flagged Revisions|Flagged Revisions]], the number of pending changes shown on [[{{#Special:PendingChanges}}]] previously counted pages which were no longer pending review, because they have been removed from the system without being reviewed, e.g. due to being deleted, moved to a different namespace, or due to wiki configuration changes. The count will be correct now. On some wikis the number shown will be much smaller than before. There should be no change to the list of pages itself. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413016] * Wikifunctions composition language has been rewritten, resulting in a new version of the language. This change aims to increase service stability by reducing the orchestrator's memory consumption. This rewrite also enables substantial latency reduction, code simplification, and better abstractions, which will open the door to later feature additions. Read more about [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-03-11|the changes]]. * Users can now sort search results alphabetically by page title. The update gives an additional option to finding pages more easily and quickly. Previously, results could be sorted by Edit date, Creation date, or Relevance. To use the new option, open 'Advanced Search' on the search results page and select 'Alphabetically' under 'Sorting Order'. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T403775] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:28}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:28|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the bug that prevented UploadWizard on Wikimedia Commons from importing files from Flickr has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419263] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * A new special page, [[{{#special:LintTemplateErrors}}]], has been created to list transcluded pages that are flagged as containing lint errors to help users discover them easily. The list is sorted by the number of transclusions with errors. For example: [[{{#special:LintTemplateErrors}}/night-mode-unaware-background-color]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T170874] * Users of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]] beta feature have been using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] instead of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]] for syntax highlighting when editing JavaScript, CSS, JSON, Vue and Lua content pages, for some time now. Along with promoting CodeMirror 6 out of beta, the plan is to replace CodeEditor as the standard editor for these content models by May 2026. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help talk:Extension:CodeMirror|Feedback or concerns are welcome]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419332] * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] JavaScript modules will soon be upgraded to CodeMirror 6. Leading up to the upgrade, loading the <code dir=ltr>ext.CodeMirror</code> or <code dir=ltr>ext.CodeMirror.lib</code> modules from gadgets and user scripts was deprecated in July 2025. The use of the <code dir=ltr>ext.CodeMirror.switch</code> hook was also deprecated in March 2025. Contributors can now make their scripts or gadgets compatible with CodeMirror 6. See the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror#Gadgets and user scripts|migration guide]] for more information. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373720] * The MediaWiki Interfaces team is expanding coverage of REST API module definitions to include [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:REST API/Extensions|extension APIs]]. REST API modules are groups of related endpoints that can be independently managed and versioned. Modules now exist for [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414470 GrowthExperiments] and [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419053 Wikifunctions] APIs. As we migrate extension APIs to this structure, documentation will move out of the main MediaWiki OpenAPI spec and REST Sandbox view, and will instead be accessible via module-specific options in the dropdown on the [https://test.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RestSandbox REST Sandbox] (i.e., [[{{#Special:RestSandbox}}]], available on all wiki projects). * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto|Scribunto]] extension provides different pieces of information about the wiki where the module is being used via the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual|mw.site]] library. Starting last week, the library also provides a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#mw.site.wikiId|way]] of accessing the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Wiki ID|wiki ID]] that can be used to facilitate cross-wiki module maintenance. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T146616] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.20|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Coolest Tool Award|2026 Coolest Tool Award]] celebrating outstanding community tools, is now open for nominations! Nominate your favorite tool using the [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/435684?lang=en nomination survey] form by 23 March 2026. For more information on privacy and data handling, please see the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Coolest_Tool_Award_2026_Survey_Privacy_Statement|survey privacy statement]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/12|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W12"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 2026年3月16日 (月) 19:35 (UTC) <!-- User:STei (WMF)@metawiki が https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30260505 のリストを使用して送信したメッセージ --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-13</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W13"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/13|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Wikimedia site users can now log in without a password using passkeys. This is a secure method supported by fingerprint, facial recognition, or PIN. With this change, all users who opt for passwordless login will find it easier, faster, and more secure to log in to their accounts using any device. The new passkey login option currently appears as an autofill suggestion in the username field. An additional [[phab:T417120|"Log in with passkey" button]] will soon be available for users who have already registered a passkey. This update will improve security and user experience. The [[c:File:Passwordless_login_screencast.webm|screen recording]] demonstrates the passwordless login process step by step. * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|All wikis will be read-only]] for a few minutes on Wednesday, 25 March 2026 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1774450800 15:00 UTC]. This is for the datacenter server switchover backup tests, [[wikitech:Deployments/Yearly calendar|which happen twice a year]]. During the switchover, all Wikimedia website traffic is shifted from one primary data center to the backup data center to test availability and prevent service disruption even in emergencies. '''Updates for editors''' * Wikimedia site users can now export their notifications older than 5 years using a [[toolforge:echo-chamber|new Toolforge tool]]. This will ensure that users retain their important notifications and avoid them being lost based on the planned change to delete notifications older than 5 years, as previously announced. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383948] * Wikipedia editors in Indonesian, Thai, Turkish, and Simple English now have access to Special:PersonalDashboard. This is an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools/Dashboard|early version of an experience]] that introduces newer editors to patrolling workflows, making it easier for them to move from making edits to participating in more advanced moderation work on their project. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402647] * The [[Special:Block]] now has two minor interface changes. Administrators can now easily perform indefinite blocks through a dedicated radio button in the expiry section. Also, choosing an indefinite expiry provides a different set of common reasons to select from, which can be changed at: [[MediaWiki:Ipbreason-indef-dropdown]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401823] * Mobile editors [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments#Logged-out|at several wikis]] can now see an improved logged-out edit warning, thanks to the recent updates from the Growth team. These changes released last week are part of ongoing efforts and tests to enhance [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments|account creation experience on mobile]] and then increase participation. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T408484] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:36}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:36|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the bug that prevented mobile web users from seeing the block information when affected by multiple blocks has been fixed. They can now see messages of all the blocks currently affecting them when they access Wikipedia. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Images built using Toolforge will soon get the upgraded buildpacks version, bringing support for newer language versions and other upstream improvements and fixes. If you use Toolforge Build Service, review the recent [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/cloud-announce@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/EMYTA32EV2V5SQ2JIEOD2CL66YFIZEKV/ cloud-announce email] and update your build configuration as necessary to ensure your tools are compatible. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Toolforge/Building_container_images&oldid=2392097#Buildpack_environment_upgrade_process][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380127] * The [https://api.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page API Portal] documentation wiki will shut down in June 2026. API keys created on the API Portal will continue to work normally. api.wikimedia.org endpoints will be deprecated gradually starting in July 2026. Documentation on the API Portal is moving to [[mw:Wikimedia APIs|mediawiki.org]]. Learn more on the [[wikitech:API Portal/Deprecation|project page]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.21|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes|WMDE Technical Wishes]] is considering improvements to [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names|automatically generated reference names in VisualEditor]]. Please check out the [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names#Proposed solutions|proposed solutions]] and participate in the [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names#Request for comment|request for comment]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/13|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W13"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 2026年3月23日 (月) 16:51 (UTC) <!-- User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki が https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30268305 のリストを使用して送信したメッセージ --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-14</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W14"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/14|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The Beta version of [[abstract:|Abstract Wikipedia]] a new Wikimedia project which is language-independent, was launched last week. The project allows communities to build Wikipedia articles in their native language, which can be readily accessed by other users in their own languages. The wiki is powered by instructions from Wikifunctions and also based on structured content from Wikidata. [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-03-26|Read more]]. '''Updates for editors''' * The Growth team is running an A/B test to evaluate a clearer, more user-friendly message that promotes account creation on wikis. Currently when logged-out mobile users begin editing, they see a jarring warning message that can feel abrupt and discouraging. This also presents temporary account editing as the default rather than encouraging account creation. The test is running on ten Wikipedias, including Arabic, French, Spanish and German. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments#2. Improve logged-out warning message (T415160)|Read more]]. * The Wikimedia Apps team is inviting feedback on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Future of Editing on the Mobile Apps|how editing should work on the Wikipedia mobile apps]]. The discussion focuses on improving how users access editing tools when they tap "Edit". This is part of a broader effort to convert readers who develop an interest in editing, to access a more user-friendly pathway to start contributing. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:45}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:45|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where citation fetching from the large newspaper archive [https://www.newspapers.com Newspapers.com] was no longer working, due to a block in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Citoid|Citoid]] requests, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419903] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.22|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/14|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W14"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 2026年3月30日 (月) 19:25 (UTC) <!-- User:STei (WMF)@metawiki が https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30329462 のリストを使用して送信したメッセージ --> == Action Required: Update templates/modules for electoral maps (Migrating from P1846 to P14226) == Hello everyone, This is a notice regarding an ongoing data migration on Wikidata that may affect your election-related templates and Lua modules (such as <code>Module:Itemgroup/list</code>). '''The Change:'''<br /> Currently, many templates pull electoral maps from Wikidata using the property [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]], combined with the qualifier [[:d:Property:P180|P180]]: [[:d:Q19571328|Q19571328]]. We are migrating this data (across roughly 4,000 items) to a newly created, dedicated property: '''[[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]]'''. '''What You Need To Do:'''<br /> To ensure your templates and infoboxes do not break or lose their maps, please update your local code to fetch data from [[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]] instead of the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] + [[:d:Property:P180|P180]] structure. A [[m:Wikidata/Property Migration: P1846 to P14226/List|list of pages]] was generated using Wikimedia Global Search. '''Deadline:'''<br /> We are temporarily retaining the old data on [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] to allow for a smooth transition. However, to complete the data cleanup on Wikidata, the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] statements will be removed after '''May 1, 2026'''. Please update your modules and templates before this date to prevent any disruption to your wiki's election articles. Let us know if you have any questions or need assistance with the query logic. Thank you for your help! [[User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] using [[利用者:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[利用者・トーク:MediaWiki message delivery|トーク]]) 2026年4月3日 (金) 17:11 (UTC) <!-- User:ZI Jony@metawiki が https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29941252 のリストを使用して送信したメッセージ --> 9zxfsq3kcoivqj7irpcxnahb13sufjz 0 592024 2292941 2290858 2026-07-04T08:32:40Z ふゆくれ 95641 /* {{noun}} */ 2292941 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|しゅつりょくほうていしき}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|しゅつ|りょく|ほう|てい|しき|yomi=o}} ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|しゅつりょくほうていしき|acc=7}} ==={{noun}}=== #{{context|制御理論|lang=ja}}[[システム]]の[[入力]]と[[出力]]の関係を表す[[ベクトル関数]]の[[関数方程式]]。 #*[[線型時不変系]]では<math>\boldsymbol{y}=\mathbf{C}\boldsymbol{x}(t)+\mathbf{D}\boldsymbol{u}(t)</math> ===={{rel}}==== *[[状態空間モデル]] *[[状態方程式]] l9duqj6jj2u6d4qg40da1n86h6uvy93 2292942 2292941 2026-07-04T08:33:13Z ふゆくれ 95641 2292942 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|しゅつりょくほうていしき}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|しゅつ|りょく|ほう|てい|しき|yomi=o}} ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|しゅつりょくほうていしき|acc=7}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|しゅつりょくほうていしき}} #{{context|制御理論|lang=ja}}[[システム]]の[[入力]]と[[出力]]の関係を表す[[ベクトル関数]]の[[関数方程式]]。 #*[[線型時不変系]]では<math>\boldsymbol{y}=\mathbf{C}\boldsymbol{x}(t)+\mathbf{D}\boldsymbol{u}(t)</math> ===={{rel}}==== *[[状態空間モデル]] *[[状態方程式]] 7t9drknlyjt57kwvtlpoe3tx07n074q 0 592026 2292571 2290868 2026-07-03T13:17:09Z ふゆくれ 95641 /* {{noun}} */ 2292571 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|じょうたいくうかんモデル}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|じょうたいくうかんモデル|acc=9}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|じょうたいくうかんモデル}} #{{context|制御理論|lang=ja}}[[状態空間表現]]。 sg1at6azux2yb3m1c04loexz00shom0 0 592027 2292572 2290869 2026-07-03T13:17:21Z ふゆくれ 95641 /* {{noun}} */ 2292572 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|じょうたいくうかんほう}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|じょう|たい|くう|かん|ほう|yomi=o}} ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|じょうたいくうかんほう|acc=0}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|じょうたいくうかんほう}} #{{context|制御理論|lang=ja}}[[状態空間表現]]。 euecrq3j8m7ibqt8n1veew1eexypomp 0 592028 2292570 2290871 2026-07-03T13:16:53Z ふゆくれ 95641 /* {{noun}} */ 2292570 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|じょうたいくうかんひょうげん}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|じょう|たい|くう|かん|ひょう|げん|yomi=o}} {{wikipedia|状態空間 (制御理論)}} ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|じょうたいくうかんひょうげん|acc=9}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|じょうたいくうかんひょうげん}} #{{context|制御理論|lang=ja}}[[物理的]][[システム]]を[[入力変数]]・[[出力変数]]・[[状態変数]]の[[連立]][[関数方程式]]で表した[[数学的]][[モデル]]。[[状態空間モデル]]。[[状態空間法]]。 #*[[線型時変系]]では<math>\begin{cases} \frac{d\boldsymbol{x}}{dt} = \mathbf{A}(t)\boldsymbol{x}(t)+\mathbf{B}(t)\boldsymbol{u}(t) \\ \boldsymbol{y}(t)=\mathbf{C}(t)\boldsymbol{x}(t)+\mathbf{D}(t)\boldsymbol{u}(t) \end{cases}</math> #**上の式を[[状態方程式]]、下の式を[[出力方程式]]という。 #**<math>\boldsymbol{x} \in \mathbb{R}^n</math>を[[状態変数]]（[[状態ベクトル]]）、<math>\boldsymbol{y} \in \mathbb{R}^m</math>を[[出力変数]]（[[出力ベクトル]]）、<math>\boldsymbol{u} \in \mathbb{R}^l</math>を[[入力変数]]（[[入力ベクトル]]）という。 #**<math>\mathbf{A} \in \mathbb{R}^{n\times n}</math>を[[状態行列]]、<math>\mathbf{B} \in \mathbb{R}^{n\times l}</math>を[[入力行列]]、<math>\mathbf{C} \in \mathbb{R}^{m\times n}</math>を[[出力行列]]、<math>\mathbf{D} \in \mathbb{R}^{m\times l}</math>を[[直達行列]]という。 #**状態変数（状態ベクトル）・状態行列はそれぞれ[[制御変数]]（[[制御ベクトル]]）・[[制御行列]]ともいう。 ===={{rel}}==== *[[伝達関数]] *[[利得]]（[[ゲイン]]） *[[状態遷移行列]] *[[ラプラス変換]]/[[Z変換]] *[[過渡応答]]/[[定常応答]] *[[制御性]]/[[観測性]]/[[安定性]] *[[フィードバック]] *[[相空間]] be22zvmw2urt5x6w74gk4ge0mmyl6q0 3 592591 2292946 2292360 2026-07-04T10:30:22Z Shikayu728 131682 /* ウィクショナリーにようこそ！ */ 返信 2292946 wikitext text/x-wiki == ウィクショナリーにようこそ！ == Shikayu728さん、はじめまして！[[利用者:20041027 tatsu|20041027 tatsu]] ([[利用者・トーク:20041027 tatsu|トーク]])と申します。[[Wiktionary:ウィクショナリーへようこそ|ウィクショナリー日本語版へようこそ]]！ご挨拶ならびに、リンク先をぜひご覧ください。 [[ファイル:Flickr - law keven - Good Morning Sunshine.....jpg|292x240px|right|border|Wiktionary日本語版へようこそ！]] <div style="padding: 5px; background: #EFF5FF">[[ファイル:P literature.svg|30px]]&nbsp;&nbsp;ウィクショナリーで活動する際には、[[Wiktionary:FAQ|FAQ]]や[[Wiktionary:スタイルマニュアル|スタイルマニュアル]]がきっと参考になります。</div> <div style="padding: 5px; ">[[ファイル:Crystal_Clear_app_kword.png|30px]]&nbsp;&nbsp;[[mw:Help:User_page/ja|利用者ページ]]には、自己紹介などを書くことができます。利用者ページでは他にも、サブページを設けるなど作業用スペースとして活用できます。</div> <div style="padding: 5px; background: #EFF5FF">[[ファイル:Nuvola apps klipper.png|30px]]&nbsp;&nbsp;左上の「議論」にある「トークページ」では、その記事に対するご意見や主張を掲載できます。こんな時には、いつも誰の発言かわかるように、末尾の署名を忘れないようにしましょう。署名には、[[チルダ]]を4つ並べます。例: <code><nowiki>~~~~</nowiki></code> （これを保存すると利用者名と日時に変化します） [[ファイル:Insert-signature.png]] ボタンを押してもチルダが4つ入力されます。</div> <div style="padding: 5px; ">[[ファイル:Crystal Project Messagebox warning.png|30px]]&nbsp;&nbsp;執筆の際には[[Wiktionary:中立的な観点|中立的な観点]]や[[Wiktionary:著作権|著作権]]に十分お気を付けください。</div> <div style="padding: 5px; background: #EFF5FF">[[ファイル:Crystal Clear app filetypes.png|30px]]&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Help:編集の仕方|編集の仕方]]、[[Wiktionary:基本方針とガイドライン|基本方針とガイドライン]]、[[:カテゴリ:ウィクショナリー]]などの記事も役に立つはずです。</div> <div style="padding: 5px; ">[[ファイル:Crystal_Clear_app_package_settings.png|30px]]&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Wiktionary:編集方針|編集方針]]に沿った上で、編集はもちろん、必要なら[[Wiktionary:新規記事作成|新規記事作成]]のページから新しい記事を作成することもできます。</div> <div style="padding: 5px; background: #EFF5FF">[[ファイル:Crystal khelpcenter.png|30px]]&nbsp;&nbsp;疑問点は[[Wiktionary:編集室|編集室]]にてご質問ください。</div> <div style="padding: 5px; ">[[ファイル:Crystal 128 desktop.png|30px]]&nbsp;&nbsp;編集活動は、得てして孤独な作業になりがちですが、その成果は必ず誰かが見ています。[[特別:最近の更新|最近の更新]]でも他の方々の編集ぶりを確認できます。ここからも参考になる所は多いかと思います。しばしば議論があり、もちろんあなたも割って入ることが出来ます。あなたの編集に対して誰かが声をかけて来ることもあるかもしれません。常にあなたへの賛辞とは限りませんが、これこそ編集活動の醍醐味とも言えるのではないでしょうか。あなたが実り多き活動をされることを楽しみにしております！</div> <div style="padding: 5px; background: #EFF5FF">[[ファイル:Crystal Project Gadu protocol.png|30px]] {{lang|en|Welcome to Japanese Wiktionary. Thank you for your contributions! If you don't prefer to use Japanese, and when looking for further information, feel free to visit [[Wiktionary:編集室]]. Enjoy!}}</div> <small>もしかすると、ご存知のことばかりだったかもしれません。お目汚し失礼いたしました。</small>--[[利用者:20041027 tatsu|20041027 tatsu]] ([[利用者・トーク:20041027 tatsu|トーク]]) 2026年7月3日 (金) 01:14 (UTC) :ご説明ありがとうございます！よろしくお願いします！[[利用者:Shikayu728|Shikayu728]] ([[利用者・トーク:Shikayu728|トーク]]) 2026年7月4日 (土) 10:30 (UTC) ralxy6ss91scf9fulx27osoai7b0rbh 0 592617 2292832 2292449 2026-07-03T22:55:07Z うーむ 129171 /* 日本語 */ 2292832 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} {{also|ふしょう|ふじょう|ぶしょう|ぶじょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{kangokana}}=== {{ja-kangokana}} {{ja-k|不使用|t=使用しないこと。}} k0mjx7r82r1m38bn5vtjkfn25r4q7rx 0 592648 2292516 2026-07-03T12:12:25Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふぼう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふぼう]]}} #[[そだつ|育つ]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふぼう}} {{日本語サ変活用}}」 2292516 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふぼう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふぼう]]}} #[[そだつ|育つ]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふぼう}} {{日本語サ変活用}} 5e9277q7bgfh9ldaclvmv139b52dur5 0 592649 2292517 2026-07-03T12:13:52Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふぼう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふぼう]]}} #[[そしる|謗ら]]れること。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふぼう}} {{日本語サ変活用}}」 2292517 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふぼう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふぼう]]}} #[[そしる|謗ら]]れること。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふぼう}} {{日本語サ変活用}} l399sm7oobv76ocgw4fpy7n5ckms32d 0 592650 2292518 2026-07-03T12:15:16Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふぼう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふぼう]]}} #[[おかす|冒す]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふぼう}} {{日本語サ変活用}}」 2292518 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふぼう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふぼう]]}} #[[おかす|冒す]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふぼう}} {{日本語サ変活用}} gb5lg0gqwepsaczmjtfbei89ruuxkqt 0 592651 2292519 2026-07-03T12:17:09Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふぼう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふぼう]]}} #[[門望]]のある[[いえ|家]]。」 2292519 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふぼう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふぼう]]}} #[[門望]]のある[[いえ|家]]。 5d14ys38aufhyi5811d3hlxer1jwji0 0 592652 2292520 2026-07-03T12:17:51Z ふゆくれ 95641 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|てんめん}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|てん|めん|yomi=o}} ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|てんめん|acc=0}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[てんめん]]}} #{{おくりがな3|絡|から|み|付|つ|く|からみつく}}こと。 #*[[氤氳]]たる[[瞑氛]]が散るともなしに四肢五体に'''纏綿'''して（{{w|夏目漱石}}『{{w|草枕}}』1906年） #[[情緒]]が{{おくりがな2|深|ふか|く|ふかい}}{{おくりがな2|離|…」 2292520 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|てんめん}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|てん|めん|yomi=o}} ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|てんめん|acc=0}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[てんめん]]}} #{{おくりがな3|絡|から|み|付|つ|く|からみつく}}こと。 #*[[氤氳]]たる[[瞑氛]]が散るともなしに四肢五体に'''纏綿'''して（{{w|夏目漱石}}『{{w|草枕}}』1906年） #[[情緒]]が{{おくりがな2|深|ふか|く|ふかい}}{{おくりがな2|離|はな|れ|はなれる}}{{おくりがな2|難|がた|い|かたい}}こと。そのさま。 #*然るに'''纏綿'''たる[[哀傷]]の心[[切に]]して（訳・{{w|永井荷風}}『珊瑚集（仏蘭西近代抒情詩選）』「告白（作・アンリイ=ド=レニエエ）」1913年） #[[延々]]と{{おくりがな2|続|つづ|く|つづく}}こと。そのさま。 ===={{comp}}==== 語義1 *[[纏綿状態]] *[[纏綿家族]] ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|てんめん}} {{日本語サ変活用}} ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{ja-adjectival noun|てんめん}} {{日本語タルト活用}} =={{L|zh}}== {{拡大|纏|綿|lang=zh}} ==={{pron}}=== {{cmn-pron|chánmián}} {{yue-pron|cin4 min4}} {{nan-pron|ml:tiân-biân/tw:tîⁿ-mî}} *{{ltc}}: drjen mjien ==={{adj}}=== {{zh-cat|chuan2mian2|adj}} {{yue-cat|chin4min4|adj}} {{nan-cat|tian5bian5|adj}} {{ltc-cat|drjen1mjien1|adj}} {{zhchars|s=缠绵}} #[[人間]][[関係]]に{{おくりがな3|巻|ま|き|込|こ|ま|まきこむ}}れるさま。 #[[病気]]が{{おくりがな3|長|なが||引|び|く|ながびく}}さま。 #[[音楽]]が[[メロディアス]]で{{ふりがな|心|こころ}}に{{おくりがな2|響|ひび|く|ひびく}}さま。 [[Category:日中で意味が大きく異なる漢語]] ===={{comp}}==== *{{zh-l|病榻纏綿|tr=bìngtàchánmián}} *{{zh-l|纏綿悱惻|tr=chánmiánfěicè}} ===={{rel}}==== *{{zh-l|綢繆|tr=chóumóu}} ==={{desc}}=== {{CJKV||纏綿|j=てんめん|전면|triền miên}} =={{L|ko}}== {{ko-hanjatab}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ko-head|noun|전면}} #（日本語に同じ）纏綿。 [[Category:中朝で意味が大きく異なる漢語|chuan2mian2]] =={{L|vi}}== {{vi-hantutab}} ==={{adj}}=== {{vi-head|adj|triền|miên}} #（日本語語義3に同じ）延々と続くさま。 [[Category:中越で意味が大きく異なる漢語|chuan2mian2]] 57kr0lx39jxgjkteb6d2rszaw19eqa0 0 592653 2292521 2026-07-03T12:17:59Z ふゆくれ 95641 ページの作成:「=={{L|zh}}== ==={{pron}}=== {{cmn-pron|chánmián|z=n}} {{yue-pron|cin4 min4|h=n}} {{nan-pron|ml:tiân-biân}} ==={{adj}}=== {{zh-cat|chuan2mian2|adj}} {{yue-cat|chin4min4|adj}} {{nan-cat|tian5bian5|adj}} {{zhchars|t=纏綿}} #[[人間]][[関係]]に{{おくりがな3|巻|ま|き|込|こ|ま|まきこむ}}れるさま。 #[[病気]]が{{おくりがな3|長|なが||引|び|く|ながびく}}さま。 #[[音楽]]が[[メロディアス]]で{{ふりがな|心|ここ…」 2292521 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|zh}}== ==={{pron}}=== {{cmn-pron|chánmián|z=n}} {{yue-pron|cin4 min4|h=n}} {{nan-pron|ml:tiân-biân}} ==={{adj}}=== {{zh-cat|chuan2mian2|adj}} {{yue-cat|chin4min4|adj}} {{nan-cat|tian5bian5|adj}} {{zhchars|t=纏綿}} #[[人間]][[関係]]に{{おくりがな3|巻|ま|き|込|こ|ま|まきこむ}}れるさま。 #[[病気]]が{{おくりがな3|長|なが||引|び|く|ながびく}}さま。 #[[音楽]]が[[メロディアス]]で{{ふりがな|心|こころ}}に{{おくりがな2|響|ひび|く|ひびく}}さま。 doipf1e2xpthg8krq7sojvitqrvmbq6 0 592654 2292522 2026-07-03T12:18:05Z ふゆくれ 95641 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} {{also|でんめん}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{kangokana}}=== {{ja-kangokana}} {{ja-k|転免|t=転職と免職。|hom=y}} {{ja-k|転眄|t=脇見。}} {{ja-k|纏綿|t=絡みつくこと。|t2=情緒が深く離れ難いこと。そのさま。|t3=延々と続くこと。そのさま。}} {{ja-k|淟湎|t=沈湎。}}」 2292522 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} {{also|でんめん}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{kangokana}}=== {{ja-kangokana}} {{ja-k|転免|t=転職と免職。|hom=y}} {{ja-k|転眄|t=脇見。}} {{ja-k|纏綿|t=絡みつくこと。|t2=情緒が深く離れ難いこと。そのさま。|t3=延々と続くこと。そのさま。}} {{ja-k|淟湎|t=沈湎。}} 092yjd407c1hrk7iopj5x3hgffzmv7k 0 592655 2292523 2026-07-03T12:18:09Z ふゆくれ 95641 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} {{also|てんめん}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{kangokana}}=== {{ja-kangokana}} {{ja-k|田面|t=たづら。}}」 2292523 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} {{also|てんめん}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{kangokana}}=== {{ja-kangokana}} {{ja-k|田面|t=たづら。}} im8u7jl3xhc3m54uv1pb4u4fkhkxfux 0 592656 2292525 2026-07-03T12:18:15Z ふゆくれ 95641 ページの作成:「{{vi-DEFAULTSORT|triền|miên}} =={{L|vi}}== ==={{pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{adj}}=== {{head|vi|adj}}{{vi-h|纏|綿}} #[[纏綿]]な。[[延々]]と{{おくりがな2|続|つづ|く|つづく}}さま。」 2292525 wikitext text/x-wiki {{vi-DEFAULTSORT|triền|miên}} =={{L|vi}}== ==={{pron}}=== {{vi-pron}} ==={{adj}}=== {{head|vi|adj}}{{vi-h|纏|綿}} #[[纏綿]]な。[[延々]]と{{おくりがな2|続|つづ|く|つづく}}さま。 jzz5jq7bcn9bp3k731be85duo54jvb1 0 592657 2292526 2026-07-03T12:18:58Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|もんぼう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|もんぼう}} #[[名門]]の[[いえがら|家柄]]。[[名家]]。」 2292526 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|もんぼう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|もんぼう}} #[[名門]]の[[いえがら|家柄]]。[[名家]]。 8ra6bjaqfppbh3t7qofwaoermspbe0y 0 592658 2292527 2026-07-03T12:23:38Z ふゆくれ 95641 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|でんめん}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|でん|めん|yomi=o}} {{ja-kanjitab|た|づら<br>おも|yomi=k}} {{ja-kanjitab|た|も<br>のも<br>のむ|yomi=k,i}} ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|でんめん|acc=0}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[でんめん]]}} #[[たづら]]。 ===={{comp}}==== *[[田面権]] ==={{wago}}=== {{ja-wagokanji|たづら|たおも|たも|たのも|たのむ}} #{{wagokanji of|たづら}} #{{wagokanji of|たおも}} #{{wagokanji o…」 2292527 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|でんめん}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|でん|めん|yomi=o}} {{ja-kanjitab|た|づら<br>おも|yomi=k}} {{ja-kanjitab|た|も<br>のも<br>のむ|yomi=k,i}} ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|でんめん|acc=0}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[でんめん]]}} #[[たづら]]。 ===={{comp}}==== *[[田面権]] ==={{wago}}=== {{ja-wagokanji|たづら|たおも|たも|たのも|たのむ}} #{{wagokanji of|たづら}} #{{wagokanji of|たおも}} #{{wagokanji of|たも}} #{{wagokanji of|たのも}} #{{wagokanji of|たのむ}} 527oo8tnaoajh5yh5g1a08obkhsp09s 0 592659 2292528 2026-07-03T12:24:41Z ふゆくれ 95641 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|でんめんけん}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|でん|めん|けん|yomi=o}} ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|でんめんけん|acc=3}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|でんめんけん}} #[[耕作権]]。」 2292528 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|でんめんけん}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|でん|めん|けん|yomi=o}} ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|でんめんけん|acc=3}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|でんめんけん}} #[[耕作権]]。 2u5fqec1ng4xb10jiyqgwvuxhxoov9l 0 592660 2292529 2026-07-03T12:24:49Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふほう}} =={{ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふほう]]}} #[[不正]]。 ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{日本語タルト活用}}」 2292529 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふほう}} =={{ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふほう]]}} #[[不正]]。 ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{日本語タルト活用}} 975vjqo17tf5bwqiogbgkp3fwy0t3sk 0 592661 2292530 2026-07-03T12:27:36Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふほう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふほう]]}} #進んで[[刑罰]]を[[うける|受ける]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふほう}} {{日本語サ変活用}}」 2292530 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふほう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふほう]]}} #進んで[[刑罰]]を[[うける|受ける]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふほう}} {{日本語サ変活用}} 9y32h4ky4xk268d1w2s2xt6gf54uuxw 0 592662 2292531 2026-07-03T12:28:19Z ふゆくれ 95641 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|てんめん}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|てん|めん|yomi=o}} ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|てんめん|acc=0}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[てんめん]]|kyu=轉免}} #[[転職]]と[[免職]]。」 2292531 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|てんめん}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|てん|めん|yomi=o}} ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|てんめん|acc=0}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[てんめん]]|kyu=轉免}} #[[転職]]と[[免職]]。 o4s9n3rq3sqtj2kyh2navb6cr2bggla 0 592663 2292532 2026-07-03T12:28:22Z ふゆくれ 95641 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|てんめん}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|てん|めん|yomi=o}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-kyujitai|てんめん}} #{{kyujitai of|転免}} {{-}} =={{L|ko}}== {{ko-hanjatab}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ko-head|noun|전면}} #[[転免]]。」 2292532 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|てんめん}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|てん|めん|yomi=o}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-kyujitai|てんめん}} #{{kyujitai of|転免}} {{-}} =={{L|ko}}== {{ko-hanjatab}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ko-head|noun|전면}} #[[転免]]。 56dx7sgkye49kq1p7vxzk0x6317yy8b 0 592664 2292533 2026-07-03T12:28:27Z ふゆくれ 95641 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|てんめん}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|てん|めん|yomi=o}} ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|てんめん|acc=0}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[てんめん]]|kyu=轉眄}} #{{ふりがな|脇見|わきみ}}。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|てんめん}} {{日本語サ変活用}}」 2292533 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|てんめん}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|てん|めん|yomi=o}} ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|てんめん|acc=0}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[てんめん]]|kyu=轉眄}} #{{ふりがな|脇見|わきみ}}。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|てんめん}} {{日本語サ変活用}} 11gr9fs4fojl7ett4c6wmleqjfpwq9i 0 592665 2292534 2026-07-03T12:28:29Z ふゆくれ 95641 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|てんめん}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|てん|めん|yomi=o}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-kyujitai|てんめん}} #{{kyujitai of|転眄}} {{-}} =={{L|ko}}== {{ko-hanjatab}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ko-head|noun|전면}} #[[転眄]]。」 2292534 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|てんめん}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|てん|めん|yomi=o}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-kyujitai|てんめん}} #{{kyujitai of|転眄}} {{-}} =={{L|ko}}== {{ko-hanjatab}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ko-head|noun|전면}} #[[転眄]]。 t7ye85hfsmvsdeed9ay76af2jxfdxy9 0 592666 2292535 2026-07-03T12:29:19Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふほう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふほう]]}} #[[布令]]すること。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふほう}} {{日本語サ変活用}}」 2292535 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふほう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふほう]]}} #[[布令]]すること。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふほう}} {{日本語サ変活用}} qecny2lbr00u7pw0zoxsccbk03a3vz2 0 592667 2292536 2026-07-03T12:31:04Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ぶぼう}} =={{ja}}== ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{ja-adjectival noun|[[ぶぼう]]}} #[[にわか|俄]]なさま。 ==={{conjug}}=== {{日本語タルト活用}}」 2292536 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ぶぼう}} =={{ja}}== ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{ja-adjectival noun|[[ぶぼう]]}} #[[にわか|俄]]なさま。 ==={{conjug}}=== {{日本語タルト活用}} 0ew46xkc5viwg9hsqxu1fhlufsr2vj3 0 592668 2292537 2026-07-03T12:32:43Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ぶぼう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ぶぼう]]}} #[[のき|軒]]の[[わき|脇]]。」 2292537 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ぶぼう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ぶぼう]]}} #[[のき|軒]]の[[わき|脇]]。 56f1mnnw5p6v67smj26ziu0cogxt4ec 0 592669 2292538 2026-07-03T12:33:24Z ふゆくれ 95641 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|acc=0}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|田面}} #{{ふりがな|田|た}}の[[表面]]。また、{{ふりがな|田圃|たんぼ}}。 #田の{{ふりがな|畔|ほとり}}。 ====同義語==== *{{ruby|田面|[[でんめん]]}} *[[たおも]] *[[たも]] *[[たのも]] *[[たのむ]]」 2292538 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|acc=0}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|田面}} #{{ふりがな|田|た}}の[[表面]]。また、{{ふりがな|田圃|たんぼ}}。 #田の{{ふりがな|畔|ほとり}}。 ====同義語==== *{{ruby|田面|[[でんめん]]}} *[[たおも]] *[[たも]] *[[たのも]] *[[たのむ]] 5r0gt5b5f219d9wlhf4v36eymwnxalp 0 592670 2292539 2026-07-03T12:35:31Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしゅ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふしゅ]]}} #[[くび|首]]を[[たれる]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふしゅ}} {{日本語サ変活用}}」 2292539 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしゅ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふしゅ]]}} #[[くび|首]]を[[たれる]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふしゅ}} {{日本語サ変活用}} dan4z64lgvajf9olo7jtgtf0dagfu6y 0 592671 2292540 2026-07-03T12:36:46Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしゅ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふしゅ]]}} #[[おもむく|赴く]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふしゅ}} {{日本語サ変活用}}」 2292540 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしゅ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふしゅ]]}} #[[おもむく|赴く]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふしゅ}} {{日本語サ変活用}} 9tmffjam5j2pz2avu1mbhi9n7rr2ryb 0 592672 2292541 2026-07-03T12:38:09Z ちょこれ゚いとみんと 129959 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|しゃばじゅう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|しゃばじゅう}} #[[このよ|この世]]。[[よのなか|世の中]]。 #辺り[[一帯]]。[[いたるところ|至る所]]。」 2292541 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|しゃばじゅう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|しゃばじゅう}} #[[このよ|この世]]。[[よのなか|世の中]]。 #辺り[[一帯]]。[[いたるところ|至る所]]。 nvo9gkx7lfkkgco0hv6l2333boso7g3 0 592673 2292542 2026-07-03T12:42:43Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふゆ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふゆ]]|[[ふしゅ]]}} #（[[荘園]]で）[[租税]]を納めないこと。」 2292542 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふゆ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふゆ]]|[[ふしゅ]]}} #（[[荘園]]で）[[租税]]を納めないこと。 3i69e39e1vai67dq8bpqvu8mb8ofoec 0 592674 2292543 2026-07-03T12:43:04Z ちょこれ゚いとみんと 129959 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|水糸}} #[[建築]][[工事]]などで、[[水平線]]を示すのに使う[[いと|糸]]。[[みずなわ|水縄]]。」 2292543 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|水糸}} #[[建築]][[工事]]などで、[[水平線]]を示すのに使う[[いと|糸]]。[[みずなわ|水縄]]。 reuxl06u7m1m8cqz3zjz50uor81fygd 0 592675 2292544 2026-07-03T12:44:14Z ちょこれ゚いとみんと 129959 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|みずいと}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{wago}}=== {{ja-wagokanji|みずいと}} #{{wagokanji of|みずいと}}」 2292544 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|みずいと}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{wago}}=== {{ja-wagokanji|みずいと}} #{{wagokanji of|みずいと}} ba1xrhun97lz4l9ircg7aq6weyeigwb 0 592676 2292545 2026-07-03T12:44:37Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしゅ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふしゅ]]}} #[[種子]]を[[まく|蒔く]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふしゅ}} {{日本語サ変活用}}」 2292545 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしゅ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふしゅ]]}} #[[種子]]を[[まく|蒔く]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふしゅ}} {{日本語サ変活用}} 2ih4pzm34tubsza0459gj1sdrrqw6kp 0 592677 2292546 2026-07-03T12:47:49Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしゅ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふしゅ]]}} #[[府]]の[[長官]]。府尹。」 2292546 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしゅ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふしゅ]]}} #[[府]]の[[長官]]。府尹。 ghshn9ey6eqj4ubbds44pfjbw368czy 0 592678 2292547 2026-07-03T12:48:03Z ちょこれ゚いとみんと 129959 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|水縄}} #[[みずいと|水糸]]。 #[[検地]][[用具]]の一つ。[[土地]]の[[面積]]を[[はかる|測る]]ときに使う[[なわ|縄]]。 #[[たか|鷹]]に[[みず|水]]を浴びせるのに使う縄。」 2292547 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|水縄}} #[[みずいと|水糸]]。 #[[検地]][[用具]]の一つ。[[土地]]の[[面積]]を[[はかる|測る]]ときに使う[[なわ|縄]]。 #[[たか|鷹]]に[[みず|水]]を浴びせるのに使う縄。 tmkx79etbr52bhz99nxj11uvgvcqiqc 0 592679 2292548 2026-07-03T12:49:10Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしゅ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふしゅ]]}} #[[あたま|頭]]を[[たれる]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふしゅ}} {{日本語サ変活用}}」 2292548 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしゅ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふしゅ]]}} #[[あたま|頭]]を[[たれる]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふしゅ}} {{日本語サ変活用}} 4e0j1htfiud41ao65yoape26nq46l78 0 592680 2292549 2026-07-03T12:49:24Z ちょこれ゚いとみんと 129959 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|みずなわ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{wago}}=== {{ja-wagokanji|みずなわ|みなわ}} #{{wagokanji of|みずなわ}} #{{wagokanji of|みなわ}}」 2292549 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|みずなわ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{wago}}=== {{ja-wagokanji|みずなわ|みなわ}} #{{wagokanji of|みずなわ}} #{{wagokanji of|みなわ}} 74tx7g5wdeh90z7kxn2dm27peofdh6k 0 592681 2292550 2026-07-03T12:50:16Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしゅ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふしゅ]]}} #[[太守]]の[[符]]。」 2292550 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしゅ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふしゅ]]}} #[[太守]]の[[符]]。 p0z026fsjebgy1magve7u4ty1s8mkq0 0 592682 2292551 2026-07-03T12:52:06Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしゅ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふしゅ]]}} #[[て|手]]を後ろに[[まわす]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふしゅ}} {{日本語サ変活用}}」 2292551 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしゅ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふしゅ]]}} #[[て|手]]を後ろに[[まわす]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふしゅ}} {{日本語サ変活用}} 1suoahmsn8aim9kcn3mskygbbh5svd3 0 592683 2292552 2026-07-03T12:52:08Z ちょこれ゚いとみんと 129959 ページの作成:「=={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|身縄|水縄}} #[[和船]]で、[[ほげた|帆桁]]の[[中央]]に結び付け、[[ほばしら|帆柱]]の[[先端]]の[[滑車]]を通して[[船尾]]に引き、[[ほ|帆]]を[[上下]]させる[[なわ|縄]]。」 2292552 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|身縄|水縄}} #[[和船]]で、[[ほげた|帆桁]]の[[中央]]に結び付け、[[ほばしら|帆柱]]の[[先端]]の[[滑車]]を通して[[船尾]]に引き、[[ほ|帆]]を[[上下]]させる[[なわ|縄]]。 80c2ehf1930azkk5oo2u10nubnl30jf 0 592684 2292553 2026-07-03T12:52:51Z ちょこれ゚いとみんと 129959 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|みなわ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{wago}}=== {{ja-wagokanji|みなわ}} #{{wagokanji of|みなわ}}」 2292553 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|みなわ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{wago}}=== {{ja-wagokanji|みなわ}} #{{wagokanji of|みなわ}} 5yl8sy49xof8ytms9beapm79o0oxw6m 0 592685 2292554 2026-07-03T12:53:29Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしゅ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふしゅ]]}} #[[て|手]]と[[ひろげる|広げる]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふしゅ}} {{日本語サ変活用}}」 2292554 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしゅ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふしゅ]]}} #[[て|手]]と[[ひろげる|広げる]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふしゅ}} {{日本語サ変活用}} fwyjwhhbrt4j4w0n8fbovba0zdnwtk5 0 592686 2292555 2026-07-03T12:58:21Z ちょこれ゚いとみんと 129959 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{kangokana}}=== {{ja-kangokana}} {{ja-k|無主|t=所有者がないこと。また、主体がないこと。|hom=y}} {{ja-k|無数|t=簡単には数え切れないほどたくさんの数。}}」 2292555 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{kangokana}}=== {{ja-kangokana}} {{ja-k|無主|t=所有者がないこと。また、主体がないこと。|hom=y}} {{ja-k|無数|t=簡単には数え切れないほどたくさんの数。}} aflmiya5vph2ehys19m7nfga9vxtacr 0 592687 2292559 2026-07-03T12:59:30Z ふゆくれ 95641 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{kangokana}}=== {{ja-kangokana}} {{ja-k|利得|t=利益を得ること。|t2=伝達関数の絶対値。|hom=y}} {{ja-k|利徳|t=利得(1)の異表記。}} {{ja-k|貍徳|t=狸の技。}} {{ja-k|吏牘|t=時文の一種。}}」 2292559 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{kangokana}}=== {{ja-kangokana}} {{ja-k|利得|t=利益を得ること。|t2=伝達関数の絶対値。|hom=y}} {{ja-k|利徳|t=利得(1)の異表記。}} {{ja-k|貍徳|t=狸の技。}} {{ja-k|吏牘|t=時文の一種。}} 2bu3z34k0lxjyiif6mceu4capxwuu51 0 592688 2292560 2026-07-03T12:59:41Z ちょこれ゚いとみんと 129959 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|むしゅ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[むしゅ]]}} #[[所有者]]がないこと。また、[[主体]]がないこと。」 2292560 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|むしゅ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[むしゅ]]}} #[[所有者]]がないこと。また、[[主体]]がないこと。 m70d4b6wjvtgjvla0aoqw9uh4tc5ld5 0 592689 2292561 2026-07-03T13:04:08Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしゅう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふしゅう]]}} #[[まじない]]。[[符呪]]。」 2292561 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしゅう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふしゅう]]}} #[[まじない]]。[[符呪]]。 80hr7tv6ub6b7ru253l0kn0h4fkpj4z 0 592690 2292563 2026-07-03T13:06:36Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふじゅ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふじゅ]]}} #[[まじない]]。[[符術]]。」 2292563 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふじゅ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふじゅ]]}} #[[まじない]]。[[符術]]。 llw4l11qio6uuqf2vwrk9bxp7thpon2 0 592691 2292565 2026-07-03T13:08:33Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふじゅつ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|ふじゅつ}} #[[まじない]]。[[符呪]]。」 2292565 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふじゅつ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|ふじゅつ}} #[[まじない]]。[[符呪]]。 c6db23ndvemxun8xqz1o5t6587nebrb 14 592692 2292567 2026-07-03T13:16:05Z ふゆくれ 95641 ページの作成:「<div class="pathnavbox"> *{{Pathnav|カテゴリ|言語|{{ja}}|{{ja}}_数学|disp4=数学|last=制御理論}} *{{Pathnav|カテゴリ|言語|{{ja}}|{{ja}}_工学|disp4=工学|last=制御理論}} *{{Pathnav|カテゴリ|分野|数学|制御理論|last={{ja}}}} *{{Pathnav|カテゴリ|分野|工学|制御理論|last={{ja}}}} </div> {{ja-categoryTOC}} {{catmore}} [[Category:{{ja}}_数学|*せいきよりろん]] [[Category:{{ja}}_工学|*せいきよりろん]] Cate…」 2292567 wikitext text/x-wiki <div class="pathnavbox"> *{{Pathnav|カテゴリ|言語|{{ja}}|{{ja}}_数学|disp4=数学|last=制御理論}} *{{Pathnav|カテゴリ|言語|{{ja}}|{{ja}}_工学|disp4=工学|last=制御理論}} *{{Pathnav|カテゴリ|分野|数学|制御理論|last={{ja}}}} *{{Pathnav|カテゴリ|分野|工学|制御理論|last={{ja}}}} </div> {{ja-categoryTOC}} {{catmore}} [[Category:{{ja}}_数学|*せいきよりろん]] [[Category:{{ja}}_工学|*せいきよりろん]] [[Category:制御理論|にほんこ]] 2yhfter569mjyo3xlhhn9f5dqzp21cj 0 592693 2292568 2026-07-03T13:16:07Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふじゅつ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふじゅつ]]}} #[[わりあてる|割り当て]]て[[めぐむ|恵む]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふじゅつ}} {{日本語サ変活用}}」 2292568 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふじゅつ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふじゅつ]]}} #[[わりあてる|割り当て]]て[[めぐむ|恵む]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふじゅつ}} {{日本語サ変活用}} 8yz0mw7t579l4joidlwhbfc0je4qisv 14 592694 2292569 2026-07-03T13:16:11Z ふゆくれ 95641 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|せいぎょりろん}} <div class="pathnavbox"> *{{Pathnav|カテゴリ|分野|数学|last=制御理論}} *{{Pathnav|カテゴリ|分野|工学|last=制御理論}} </div> {{wikipedia}} [[Category:分野の一覧]] [[Category:数学|*せいきよりろん]] [[Category:工学|*せいきよりろん]]」 2292569 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|せいぎょりろん}} <div class="pathnavbox"> *{{Pathnav|カテゴリ|分野|数学|last=制御理論}} *{{Pathnav|カテゴリ|分野|工学|last=制御理論}} </div> {{wikipedia}} [[Category:分野の一覧]] [[Category:数学|*せいきよりろん]] [[Category:工学|*せいきよりろん]] k9ujpe3sm47ngz7m4bn34543qewp00i 0 592695 2292576 2026-07-03T13:18:36Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふじゅつ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふじゅつ]]}} #[[慰労]]すること。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふじゅつ}} {{日本語サ変活用}}」 2292576 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふじゅつ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふじゅつ]]}} #[[慰労]]すること。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふじゅつ}} {{日本語サ変活用}} 88epolwphdgn3i9jdenqjet3v53mrig 0 592696 2292577 2026-07-03T13:24:52Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} {{also|ふしゅつ|ぶじゅつ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{kangokana}}=== {{ja-kangokana|h=y}} *【[[拊卹]]】慰労すること。 *【[[符術]]】まじない。 *【[[賦卹]]】割り当てて恵む。」 2292577 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} {{also|ふしゅつ|ぶじゅつ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{kangokana}}=== {{ja-kangokana|h=y}} *【[[拊卹]]】慰労すること。 *【[[符術]]】まじない。 *【[[賦卹]]】割り当てて恵む。 rgfzmef81o1ctv1d6bw24n9v1g36p79 0 592697 2292579 2026-07-03T13:27:21Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} {{also|ふじゅつ|ぶじゅつ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{kangokana}}=== {{ja-kangokana}} *【[[不出]]】外部に出さないこと。」 2292579 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} {{also|ふじゅつ|ぶじゅつ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{kangokana}}=== {{ja-kangokana}} *【[[不出]]】外部に出さないこと。 4ho0cinp4nj01vcyaaglfl8afkr27xr 0 592698 2292580 2026-07-03T13:30:28Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふじゅ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふじゅ]]}} #[[のろい]]。[[呪詛]]。」 2292580 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふじゅ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふじゅ]]}} #[[のろい]]。[[呪詛]]。 fykn5ji1ipeylx456kpqtvqiuu52fag 0 592699 2292582 2026-07-03T13:36:04Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふじゅ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふじゅ]]}} #知らない内に[[こころ|心]]の中に入り込むこと。 #[[痛切]]なこと。 #[[うわべ]]だけを伝えること。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふじゅ}} {{日本語サ変活用}}」 2292582 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふじゅ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふじゅ]]}} #知らない内に[[こころ|心]]の中に入り込むこと。 #[[痛切]]なこと。 #[[うわべ]]だけを伝えること。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふじゅ}} {{日本語サ変活用}} to1j7sm1u42tdier90l4dzy3xv5oc4w 0 592700 2292583 2026-07-03T13:37:54Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふじゅ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふじゅ]]}} #[[婦子]]。」 2292583 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふじゅ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふじゅ]]}} #[[婦子]]。 ko3ymywvyorjhxabaxs19cnizx62fxy 0 592701 2292584 2026-07-03T13:39:09Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふじゅ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふじゅ]]}} #[[裕福]]で[[長寿]]なこと。。」 2292584 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふじゅ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふじゅ]]}} #[[裕福]]で[[長寿]]なこと。。 jauqryzipv1harf89kso0ygo5nuo1ow 0 592702 2292585 2026-07-03T13:40:22Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふじゅ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふじゅ]]}} #[[扶植]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふじゅ}} {{日本語サ変活用}}」 2292585 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふじゅ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふじゅ]]}} #[[扶植]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふじゅ}} {{日本語サ変活用}} b0wv68zbqmu3yy5fg00tvufmlhh5ym4 0 592703 2292586 2026-07-03T13:41:52Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふじゅ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふじゅ]]}} #[[わたす|渡す]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふじゅ}} {{日本語サ変活用}}」 2292586 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふじゅ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふじゅ]]}} #[[わたす|渡す]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふじゅ}} {{日本語サ変活用}} mw5q1tjnci2xsrm57oaj5gjmhf195yn 0 592704 2292587 2026-07-03T13:43:29Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふじゅ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふじゅ]]}} #[[無能]]な[[学者]]。[[陋儒]]。」 2292587 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふじゅ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふじゅ]]}} #[[無能]]な[[学者]]。[[陋儒]]。 m8gu3td51b0j10k39apl3433ulguelc 0 592705 2292588 2026-07-03T13:44:44Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふじゅ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふじゅ]]}} #[[婦豎]]。」 2292588 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふじゅ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふじゅ]]}} #[[婦豎]]。 d1mypdgb3wr3mov28uuf9a3sv090hb1 0 592706 2292589 2026-07-03T13:51:21Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ぶしゅ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ぶしゅ]]}} #[[守備]]。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ぶしゅ}} {{日本語サ変活用}}」 2292589 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ぶしゅ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ぶしゅ]]}} #[[守備]]。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ぶしゅ}} {{日本語サ変活用}} mta6ybyzuqsfau6foqgzozgomuky8q7 0 592707 2292590 2026-07-03T13:52:45Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ぶしゅ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ぶしゅ]]}} #[[て|手]]を[[うつ|打つ]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ぶしゅ}} {{日本語サ変活用}}」 2292590 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ぶしゅ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ぶしゅ]]}} #[[て|手]]を[[うつ|打つ]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ぶしゅ}} {{日本語サ変活用}} 6mb16fue9ytw4i8pu3h72nbvfby4wuw 0 592708 2292591 2026-07-03T13:56:42Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ぶぜん}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ぶぜん]]|[[ぶうぜん]]}} #[[律令制]]で内膳司の{{ふりがな|長官|かみ}}。」 2292591 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ぶぜん}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ぶぜん]]|[[ぶうぜん]]}} #[[律令制]]で内膳司の{{ふりがな|長官|かみ}}。 23v8uzxrcqndy3ya9xvb91nkgubmdv6 0 592709 2292594 2026-07-03T13:59:22Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ぶじょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ぶじょう]]}} #[[部署]]。」 2292594 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ぶじょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ぶじょう]]}} #[[部署]]。 ozgm1g1b6y883vjxt9rappeu7tkn01u 0 592710 2292595 2026-07-03T13:59:33Z ふゆくれ 95641 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|でんたつかんすう}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|でん|たつ|かん|すう|yomi=o}} {{wikipedia}} ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|でんたつかんすう|acc=7}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|でんたつかんすう}} #{{context|制御理論|lang=ja}}[[入出力]]とも[[一次元]]且つ<math>x(0)=0</math>の[[線型時不変系]]に於いて、[[出力方程式]]が[[ラプラス領域]]で<math>Y(s)=G(s)U(s)</math>と表されるときの複素…」 2292595 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|でんたつかんすう}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|でん|たつ|かん|すう|yomi=o}} {{wikipedia}} ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|でんたつかんすう|acc=7}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|でんたつかんすう}} #{{context|制御理論|lang=ja}}[[入出力]]とも[[一次元]]且つ<math>x(0)=0</math>の[[線型時不変系]]に於いて、[[出力方程式]]が[[ラプラス領域]]で<math>Y(s)=G(s)U(s)</math>と表されるときの[[複素関数]]<math>G(s)</math>のこと。このときの[[絶対値]]は'''[[利得]]'''と呼ばれる。 ===={{rel}}==== *[[伝達関数行列]] 2jwznm1uwf176gqim811686vp7kekvw 0 592711 2292596 2026-07-03T13:59:47Z ふゆくれ 95641 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|でんたつかんすうぎょうれつ}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|でん|たつ|かん|すう|ぎょう|れつ|yomi=o}} ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|でんたつかんすうぎょうれつ|acc=9}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|でんたつかんすうぎょうれつ}} #{{context|制御理論|lang=ja}}[[線型時不変系]]の[[状態空間表現]]を用いて[[ラプラス領域]]で<math>\mathbf{G}(s)=\mathbf{C}(s\mathbf{E}_n-\mathbf{A})^{-1}\mathbf{B}…」 2292596 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|でんたつかんすうぎょうれつ}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|でん|たつ|かん|すう|ぎょう|れつ|yomi=o}} ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|でんたつかんすうぎょうれつ|acc=9}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|でんたつかんすうぎょうれつ}} #{{context|制御理論|lang=ja}}[[線型時不変系]]の[[状態空間表現]]を用いて[[ラプラス領域]]で<math>\mathbf{G}(s)=\mathbf{C}(s\mathbf{E}_n-\mathbf{A})^{-1}\mathbf{B}+\mathbf{D}</math>と定義される[[行列関数]]。[[逆ラプラス変換]]したものを'''[[状態遷移行列]]'''と呼ぶ。 k2pmikxc2qbg9pawpm0vz7mnwz7of9i 2292601 2292596 2026-07-03T14:00:58Z ふゆくれ 95641 /* {{noun}} */ 2292601 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|でんたつかんすうぎょうれつ}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|でん|たつ|かん|すう|ぎょう|れつ|yomi=o}} ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|でんたつかんすうぎょうれつ|acc=9}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|でんたつかんすうぎょうれつ}} #{{context|制御理論|lang=ja}}[[線型時不変系]]の[[状態空間表現]]を用いて[[ラプラス領域]]で<math>\mathbf{G}(s)=\mathbf{C}(s\mathbf{E}_n-\mathbf{A})^{-1}\mathbf{B}+\mathbf{D}</math>と定義される[[行列関数]]。 ===={{rel}}==== *[[状態遷移行列]] 0d5nw5m8grj6arahxkknya3zlu3y4gc 0 592712 2292602 2026-07-03T14:01:35Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ぶじょう}} =={{ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ぶじょう]]}} #[[無状]]。 ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{日本語タルト活用}}」 2292602 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ぶじょう}} =={{ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ぶじょう]]}} #[[無状]]。 ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{日本語タルト活用}} 2875y5ymhhcs25zq75g9ac58n3pd922 0 592713 2292604 2026-07-03T14:04:19Z ふゆくれ 95641 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|じょうたいせんいぎょうれつ}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|じょう|たい|せん|い|ぎょう|れつ|yomi=o}} ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|じょうたいせんいぎょうれつ|acc=9}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|じょうたいせんいぎょうれつ}} #{{context|制御理論|lang=ja}}[[伝達関数行列]]を<math>\mathbf{G}(s)=\mathbf{C}(s\mathbf{E}_n-\mathbf{A})^{-1}\mathbf{B}+\mathbf{D}</math>としたときに<math>(s\mathbf{E}_n-\m…」 2292604 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|じょうたいせんいぎょうれつ}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|じょう|たい|せん|い|ぎょう|れつ|yomi=o}} ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|じょうたいせんいぎょうれつ|acc=9}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|じょうたいせんいぎょうれつ}} #{{context|制御理論|lang=ja}}[[伝達関数行列]]を<math>\mathbf{G}(s)=\mathbf{C}(s\mathbf{E}_n-\mathbf{A})^{-1}\mathbf{B}+\mathbf{D}</math>としたときに<math>(s\mathbf{E}_n-\mathbf{A})^{-1}</math>の[[逆ラプラス変換]]によって得る[[行列関数]]<math>\mathbf{\Phi}(t)=\text{ℒ}^{-1}\left[(s\mathbf{E}_n-\mathbf{A})^{-1}\right](t)</math>のこと。[[入力変数]]が<math>\boldsymbol{u}=\boldsymbol{0}</math>の場合は<math>\mathbf{\Phi}(t)=\exp(\mathbf{A}t)</math>と求まり、<math>t=1</math>を入れると[[行列自然指数関数]]の値を得る。 awwlop50y5b4mb5ofzo08tdqefyk53d 0 592714 2292624 2026-07-03T17:36:43Z Jiba1219 100610 ページの作成:「=={{L|zh}}== {{wikipedia|lang=zh}} {{zh-cat|hui2xiang4|noun|仏教}} ==={{pron}}=== {{cmn-pron|huíxiàng}} ==={{noun}}=== {{zhchars|s=回向}} #[[自分]]で[[おこなう|行なっ]]た[[修行]]や[[布施]]などの[[善行]]の[[結果]]を、[[みずから|自ら]]の[[さとり|悟り]]や[[他者]]の[[利益]]のために[[さしむける|差し向ける]]こと。」 2292624 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|zh}}== {{wikipedia|lang=zh}} {{zh-cat|hui2xiang4|noun|仏教}} ==={{pron}}=== {{cmn-pron|huíxiàng}} ==={{noun}}=== {{zhchars|s=回向}} #[[自分]]で[[おこなう|行なっ]]た[[修行]]や[[布施]]などの[[善行]]の[[結果]]を、[[みずから|自ら]]の[[さとり|悟り]]や[[他者]]の[[利益]]のために[[さしむける|差し向ける]]こと。 qu4fi33p5a75dhfusnbkjbvtrr0pu71 0 592715 2292635 2026-07-03T18:15:39Z Jiba1219 100610 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|しゅこう}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|しゅ|こう|yomi=goon,o}} ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|しゅこう|acc=0|dev=1}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[しゅこう]]}} #[[納得]]し、[[賛成]]して[[うなずく]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{日本語サ変活用}} =={{L|zh}}== {{zh-cat|shou3ken3|verb|文章語}} {{yue-cat|sau2hang2|verb|文章語}} {{nan-cat|siu2kheng2|verb|文章語}} ==={{pron}}=== {{cmn-pron|shǒukěn}} {{yue-pron|sau2 h…」 2292635 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|しゅこう}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|しゅ|こう|yomi=goon,o}} ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|しゅこう|acc=0|dev=1}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[しゅこう]]}} #[[納得]]し、[[賛成]]して[[うなずく]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{日本語サ変活用}} =={{L|zh}}== {{zh-cat|shou3ken3|verb|文章語}} {{yue-cat|sau2hang2|verb|文章語}} {{nan-cat|siu2kheng2|verb|文章語}} ==={{pron}}=== {{cmn-pron|shǒukěn}} {{yue-pron|sau2 hang2}} {{nan-pron|qz:siú-khńg/tw,xm,zz:siú-khéng}} ==={{verb}}=== {{zhchars}} #(文章語) 首肯する。 hbk4pr64r4ai3h15o087wogyqnwxxgr 0 592716 2292640 2026-07-03T18:24:59Z Jiba1219 100610 ページの作成:「=={{L|ko}}== ==={{pron}}=== {{ko-IPA|l=y}} ==={{noun}}=== {{head|ko|noun|cat2=漢字語|hanja=顯彰}} #いままでの[[功績]]を[[世]]に顕かにし、[[表彰]]すること。[[顕彰]]。」 2292640 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|ko}}== ==={{pron}}=== {{ko-IPA|l=y}} ==={{noun}}=== {{head|ko|noun|cat2=漢字語|hanja=顯彰}} #いままでの[[功績]]を[[世]]に顕かにし、[[表彰]]すること。[[顕彰]]。 p772aimbmxy4ukmyul91il9q4em4e2v 10 592717 2292797 2026-07-03T21:40:21Z Kuroco2k 84207 [[:en:Template:hsb-decl-numeral]] 2292797 wikitext text/x-wiki <div class="NavFrame" style="width:30em"> <div class="NavHead" style="background:var(--wikt-palette-grey-blue-1,#eff7ff)">{{lang|hsb|{{{name|{{{1}}}}}}}}の活用</div> <div class="NavContent"> {| class="inflection-table" style="background:var(--wikt-palette-grey-0,#ffffff); text-align:center; min-width:{{{width|30}}}em; border: var(--wikt-palette-white,#ffffff) solid 2px; border-collapse: collapse;" |+ ! rowspan="2" style="background:var(--wikt-palette-blue-2,#d9ebff); border: var(--wikt-palette-white,#ffffff) solid 2px; width:50px" | ! colspan="2" style="background:var(--wikt-palette-blue-2,#d9ebff); border: var(--wikt-palette-white,#ffffff) solid 2px;" | 複数 |- ! style="background:var(--wikt-palette-blue-2,#d9ebff); border: var(--wikt-palette-white,#ffffff) solid 2px; width:125px" | 男性 ! style="background:var(--wikt-palette-blue-2,#d9ebff); border: var(--wikt-palette-white,#ffffff) solid 2px; width:125px" | 他 |- ! style="background:var(--wikt-palette-grey-blue-1,#eff7ff); border: var(--wikt-palette-white,#ffffff) solid 2px" | 主格 | style="background: var(--wikt-palette-grey-1,#f6f6f6); border: var(--wikt-palette-white,#ffffff) solid 2px" | {{#if:{{{6|}}}|{{l-self|hsb|{{{6}}}|accel-form=nom{{!}}vr}}|—}} | style="background: var(--wikt-palette-grey-1,#f6f6f6); border: var(--wikt-palette-white,#ffffff) solid 2px" | {{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{l-self|hsb|{{{1}}}|accel-form=nom{{!}}}}|—}} |- ! style="background:var(--wikt-palette-grey-blue-1,#eff7ff); border: var(--wikt-palette-white,#ffffff) solid 2px" | 属格 | colspan="2" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-grey-1,#f6f6f6); border: var(--wikt-palette-white,#ffffff) solid 2px" | {{#if:{{{2|}}}|{{l-self|hsb|{{{2}}}|accel-form=gen{{!}}}}|—}} |- ! style="background:var(--wikt-palette-grey-blue-1,#eff7ff); border: var(--wikt-palette-white,#ffffff) solid 2px" | 与格 | colspan="2" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-grey-1,#f6f6f6); border: var(--wikt-palette-white,#ffffff) solid 2px" | {{#if:{{{3|}}}|{{l-self|hsb|{{{3}}}|accel-form=dat{{!}}}}|—}} |- ! style="background:var(--wikt-palette-grey-blue-1,#eff7ff); border: var(--wikt-palette-white,#ffffff) solid 2px" | 対格 | style="background: var(--wikt-palette-grey-1,#f6f6f6); border: var(--wikt-palette-white,#ffffff) solid 2px" | {{#if:{{{7|}}}|{{l-self|hsb|{{{7}}}|accel-form=acc{{!}}vr}}|—}} | style="background: var(--wikt-palette-grey-1,#f6f6f6); border: var(--wikt-palette-white,#ffffff) solid 2px" | {{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{l-self|hsb|{{{1}}}|accel-form=acc{{!}}}}|—}} |- ! style="background:var(--wikt-palette-grey-blue-1,#eff7ff); border: var(--wikt-palette-white,#ffffff) solid 2px" | 具格 | colspan="2" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-grey-1,#f6f6f6); border: var(--wikt-palette-white,#ffffff) solid 2px" | {{#if:{{{4|}}}|{{l-self|hsb|{{{4}}}|accel-form=ins{{!}}}}|—}} |- ! style="background:var(--wikt-palette-grey-blue-1,#eff7ff); border: var(--wikt-palette-white,#ffffff) solid 2px" | 位格 | colspan="2" style="background: var(--wikt-palette-grey-1,#f6f6f6); border: var(--wikt-palette-white,#ffffff) solid 2px" | {{#if:{{{5|}}}|{{l-self|hsb|{{{5}}}|accel-form=loc{{!}}}}|—}} |- ! style="background:var(--wikt-palette-grey-blue-1,#eff7ff); border: var(--wikt-palette-white,#ffffff) solid 2px" | 呼格 | style="background: var(--wikt-palette-grey-1,#f6f6f6); border: var(--wikt-palette-white,#ffffff) solid 2px" | {{#if:{{{9|}}}|{{l-self|hsb|{{{9}}}|accel-form=voc{{!}}vr}}|{{#if:{{{6|}}}|{{l-self|hsb|{{{6}}}}}|—}}}} | style="background: var(--wikt-palette-grey-1,#f6f6f6); border: var(--wikt-palette-white,#ffffff) solid 2px" | {{#if:{{{8|}}}|{{l-self|hsb|{{{8}}}|accel-form=voc{{!}}}}|{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{l-self|hsb|{{{1}}}}}|—}}}} |}</div></div><noinclude>{{documentation}}[[カテゴリ:{{hsb}}_テンプレート]]</noinclude> ff0c0ac6lrlj6wxbnw49p5y37y7gchm 0 592718 2292798 2026-07-03T21:40:57Z Kuroco2k 84207 [[:en:tři]] 2292798 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|付録:"tri"の変形}} =={{L|hsb}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|sla-pro|hsb}} {{m|sla-pro|*trь̏je}} ==={{pron}}=== *{{hsb-IPA}} *{{rhymes|lang=hsb|i|s=1}} *{{hyph|hsb|tři}} *{{hyph|caption=音節|hsb|tři}} ==={{numeral}}=== {{head|hsb|numeral}} #{{context|基数|lang=hsb}} [[三]]、[[3]]。 ===={{decl}}==== {{hsb-decl-numeral|tři|třoch|třom|třomi|třoch|třo|třoch}} =={{L|zlw-ocs}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|sla-pro|zlw-ocs}} {{m|sla-pro|*tri}} < {{etyl|ine-bsl-pro|zlw-ocs}} {{m|ine-bsl-pro|*tríjes}} < {{etyl|ine-pro|zlw-ocs}} {{m|ine-pro|*tréyes}} ==={{numeral}}=== {{head|zlw-ocs|numeral}} #{{inflection of+|zlw-ocs|třie||acc|m|;|nom//acc|f//n}} ===={{desc}}==== *{{desc|cs|tři}} =={{L|cs}}== ==={{pron}}=== *{{cs-IPA}} *{{音声|cs|Cs-tři.ogg}} ==={{etym}}1=== {{etyl|zlw-ocs|cs}} {{m|zlw-ocs|třie}}, {{m|zlw-ocs|tři}} < {{etyl|sla-pro|cs}} {{m|sla-pro|*tri}} < {{etyl|ine-bsl-pro|cs}} {{m|ine-bsl-pro|*tríjes}} < {{etyl|ine-pro|cs}} {{m|ine-pro|*tréyes}} ===={{numeral}}==== {{head|cs|numeral|cat2=基数}} #[[三]]、[[3]]。 ==={{etym}}2=== ===={{verb}}==== {{head|cs|verb form}} #{{verb form of|cs|třít||impr|2s}} a6hngsr2tn131viab8hurdi7h5epk1q 0 592719 2292799 2026-07-03T21:40:57Z Kuroco2k 84207 [[:en:pták]] 2292799 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|ptak}} =={{L|zlw-ocs}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|sla-pro|zlw-ocs}} {{m|sla-pro|*pъtakъ}}。14世紀初出。 ==={{pron}}=== *{{zlw-ocs-IPA}} ==={{noun}}=== {{zlw-ocs-noun|m-anml}} #{{topcat|zlw-ocs|鳥}} {{ふりがな|鳥|とり}}。 ===={{decl}}==== {{zlw-ocs-ndecl|<m.anml>}} ===={{desc}}==== *{{desc|cs|pták}} =={{L|cs}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|zlw-ocs|cs}} {{m|zlw-ocs|pták}} < {{etyl|sla-pro|cs}} {{m|sla-pro|*pъtakъ}} ==={{pron}}=== *{{cs-IPA}} *{{音声|cs|Cs-pták.ogg}} *{{hyph|cs|pták}} *{{rhymes|lang=cs|aːk}} ==={{noun}}=== {{cs-noun|m-an}} #{{topcat|cs|鳥}} {{ふりがな|鳥|とり}}。 #:{{syn|cs|opeřenec}} ===={{decl}}==== {{cs-ndecl|<m.an>}} ===={{drv}}==== {{col|lang=cs|ptačí|ptákovitý|ptáče|ptáček|ptáčice|ptáčíček|ptáčínek|ptakopravec|třešeň ptačí}} ==={{noun}}=== {{cs-noun|m-in}} #{{context|informal|lang=cs}} [[陰茎]]。 ===={{decl}}==== {{cs-ndecl|<m.inan>}} ===参考文献=== *{{R:cs:PSJC}} *{{R:cs:SSJC}} *{{R:cs:IJP}} 1yoobigb0b2w37y1uxuvj36eowr1acz 0 592720 2292800 2026-07-03T21:40:57Z Kuroco2k 84207 [[:en:mléko]] 2292800 wikitext text/x-wiki {{also|mleko|Mleko|mlékò}} =={{L|zlw-ocs}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|sla-pro|zlw-ocs}} {{m|sla-pro|*melko}} ==={{pron}}=== *{{zlw-ocs-IPA}} ==={{noun}}=== {{zlw-ocs-noun|n}} #{{context|飲料|lang=zlw-ocs}} [[牛乳]]。 ===={{decl}}==== {{zlw-ocs-ndecl|<n>}} ===={{desc}}==== *{{desc|cs|mléko}} =={{L|cs}}== ==={{alter}}=== *{{alt+|cs|mlíko||口語}} ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|zlw-ocs|cs}} {{m|zlw-ocs|mléko}} < {{etyl|sla-pro|cs}} {{m|sla-pro|*melko}} ==={{pron}}=== *{{cs-IPA}} *{{音声|cs|Cs-mléko.ogg}} *{{hyph|cs|mlé|ko}} ==={{noun}}=== {{cs-noun|n}} #{{context|飲料|lang=cs}} [[牛乳]]。 ===={{decl}}==== {{cs-ndecl|<n.loce:u.locplách:ích>}} ===={{drv}}==== {{col2|cs|mlékař|mlékařství|mlékárna|mlékomat}} ===={{rel}}==== {{col2|cs|mlezivo|mléčný|mlíko}} ===参考文献=== *{{R:cs:PSJC}} *{{R:cs:SSJC}} *{{R:cs:IJP}} 1z3hfsu76ath7cjp62h3eglz8npfdee 10 592721 2292801 2026-07-03T22:00:19Z Kuroco2k 84207 新規作成 2292801 wikitext text/x-wiki {{check deprecated lang param usage|lang={{{lang|}}}|<!-- -->{{#invoke:form of/templates|form_of_t|{{#if:{{{nodot|}}}|&nbsp;の稀綴|&nbsp;の稀綴。}}|ignore=POS|withcap=1|cat=稀用}}<!-- -->}}<!-- --><noinclude>{{documentation}}[[カテゴリ:文法形態テンプレート]]</noinclude> 2uzg88sc7o48dr7ais6yj8kt631a6uw 0 592722 2292802 2026-07-03T22:02:23Z Kuroco2k 84207 新規作成 2292802 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|en}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{en-noun|!}} #{{rare spelling of|en|egoism}} habhycgr1wtzs0deqkzzzfpta5ou2qg 0 592723 2292803 2026-07-03T22:02:23Z Kuroco2k 84207 [[:en:egoism]] 2292803 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|en}}== ==={{alter}}=== *{{alt+|en|egoïsm||まれ}} *{{alt+|en|egomism||廃用}} ==={{etym}}=== *{{etyl|fr|en}} {{m|fr|égoïsme}} < {{etyl|NL.|en}} {{m|NL.|egoismus}} < {{etyl|la|en}} {{m|la|ego}} *{{surf|en|ego|-ism}} ==={{pron}}=== *{{IPA|lang=en|/ˈi.ɡoʊˌɪ.zəm/|a=US}} *{{音声|en|en-us-egoism.ogg|a=Mid-Atlantic US}} ==={{noun}}=== {{en-noun|~}} #[[利己主義]]。 #{{context|nonstandard|混同による|lang=en}} [[自己中心癖]]、[[エゴチズム]]。 ===={{drv}}==== {{col2|en|panegoism|ethical egoism|rational egoism}} ===={{rel}}==== *{{l|en|egoist}} *{{l|en|egoistic}} *{{l|en|egoistical}} ===={{desc}}==== *{{desc|ja|エゴイズム|bor=1}} ==={{seealso}}=== *{{l|en|ethnocentrism}} *{{l|en|misanthropy}} *{{l|en|narcissism}} =={{L|sv}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{sv-noun|c|-}} #[[利己主義]]。 ===={{decl}}==== {{sv-noun-unc-irreg-c|2=egoismen}} ===={{rel}}==== *{{l|sv|egoistisk}} ===参考文献=== *{{R:svenska.se|so}} *{{R:svenska.se|saol}} *{{R:svenska.se|saob}} =={{L|ro}}== ==={{etym}}=== *{{bor+|ro|fr|égoïsme}} *{{surf|ro|ego-|-ism}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ro-noun|n|-}} #[[利己主義]]。 ===={{decl}}==== {{ro-noun-n|n=sg}} 1ie4mqf2scbhvt4d7brr4xmwunlsukc 0 592724 2292804 2026-07-03T22:02:23Z Kuroco2k 84207 新規作成 2292804 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|en}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{uncertain|en}}フランス語からか? ==={{noun}}=== {{en-noun|-}} #{{obsolete form of|en|egoism}} =={{L|ro}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor+|ro|fr|égomisme}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ro-noun|n|-}} #[[利己主義]]。 ===={{decl}}==== {{ro-noun-n|n=sg}} 6q61r84hxf4fs427rlstvss964wzsrt 0 592725 2292805 2026-07-03T22:02:23Z Kuroco2k 84207 新規作成 2292805 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|en}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{en-plural}} #{{plural of|en|egoism}} =={{L|sv}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{head|sv|noun form}} #{{noun form of|sv|egoism||indef|gen|s}} axngnk1v38qtojz6pco2fjfsy6kvk65 0 592726 2292806 2026-07-03T22:08:52Z Kuroco2k 84207 [[:en:egotism]] 2292806 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|en}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|la|en}} {{m|la|ego}} + -t- {{q|{{m|en|dogmatism}}<ref>{{R:Etymonline|egotism}}</ref>, {{m|en|despotism}}, {{m|en|idiotism}}などに影響されたもの}} + {{affix|en|-ism}} ==={{pron}}=== *{{音声|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-egotism.wav|a=US}} ==={{noun}}=== {{en-noun|-|s}} #[[自己中心癖]]。 #{{context|nonstandard|混同による|lang=en}} [[利己主義]]、[[エゴイズム]]。 ===={{syn}}==== *{{l|en|pride}}, {{l|en|vanity}}, {{l|en|conceit}}, {{l|en|narcissism}} *{{l|en|egocentrism}}, {{l|en|egoism}} ===={{drv}}==== {{col2|en|unegotism|wegotism}} ===={{rel}}==== *{{l|en|alter-egotism}} *{{l|en|egotist}} *{{l|en|egotistic}} *{{l|en|egotistical}} ===={{desc}}==== *{{desc|ja|エゴチズム|bor=1}} ==={{seealso}}=== *{{l|en|solipsism}} ===脚注=== {{Reflist}} =={{L|ro}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{bor+|ro|fr|égotisme}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ro-noun|n|-}} #[[自己中心癖]]。 ===={{decl}}==== {{ro-noun-n|n=sg}} 9cvcwj6lu0nyrs9y89bfai8afswhtff 0 592727 2292807 2026-07-03T22:08:52Z Kuroco2k 84207 新規作成 2292807 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|en}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{en-plural}} #{{plural of|en|egotism}} 8rt7zcsf829i190gz25ypmz33d0x1je 0 592738 2292849 2026-07-03T23:01:00Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしよう}} =={{ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|ふしよう}} #（[[原材料]]として）[[使用]]していないこと。また、そのような[[さま]]。 ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{日本語ダ活用}} ===={{rel}}==== *[[未使用]]（まだ、使用されていないこと）」 2292849 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしよう}} =={{ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|ふしよう}} #（[[原材料]]として）[[使用]]していないこと。また、そのような[[さま]]。 ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{日本語ダ活用}} ===={{rel}}==== *[[未使用]]（まだ、使用されていないこと） rai2cafx8l1a0ex3z23axcxs4iog9je 10 592739 2292850 2026-07-03T23:06:08Z Kuroco2k 84207 新規作成 2292850 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[テンプレート:inflection of+]] ap46bzlsoybuggl5ysawxs2vavgdem3 0 592740 2292851 2026-07-03T23:06:34Z Kuroco2k 84207 新規作成 2292851 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|el}}== ==={{etym}}1=== 男性名詞 {{m|el|χρόνος}}の不規則第二人称中性複数形。 ===={{alter}}==== *{{l|el|χρόνοι}} ===={{pron}}==== *{{IPA|lang=el|/ˈxro.ɲa/}} *{{hyph|el|χρό|νια}} ===={{noun}}==== {{head|el|nounf|g=n-p}} #[[とき|時]]、[[年月]]。 ====={{drv}}===== *{{l|el|χρόνια πολλά}} *{{l|el|χρόνια και ζαμάνια}} ==={{etym}}2=== ===={{pron}}==== *{{IPA|lang=el|/ˈxro.ni.a/}} *{{hyph|el|χρό|νι|α}} ===={{adjc}}==== {{head|el|adjf}} #{{infl of+|el|χρόνιος||nom//acc//voc|f|s}} #{{infl of+|el|χρόνιος||nom//acc//voc|n|p}} =={{L|grc}}== ==={{pron}}=== {{grc-IPA|χρόνῐᾰ}} ==={{adjc}}=== {{head|grc|adjective form|head=χρόνῐᾰ}} #{{inflection of+|grc|χρόνῐος||n|nom//acc//voc|p}} ljv7v4och04i9wik9cy5b2n81lm9nmy 2292852 2292851 2026-07-03T23:07:24Z Kuroco2k 84207 /* {{adjc}} */ 2292852 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|el}}== ==={{etym}}1=== 男性名詞 {{m|el|χρόνος}}の不規則第二人称中性複数形。 ===={{alter}}==== *{{l|el|χρόνοι}} ===={{pron}}==== *{{IPA|lang=el|/ˈxro.ɲa/}} *{{hyph|el|χρό|νια}} ===={{noun}}==== {{head|el|nounf|g=n-p}} #[[とき|時]]、[[年月]]。 ====={{drv}}===== *{{l|el|χρόνια πολλά}} *{{l|el|χρόνια και ζαμάνια}} ==={{etym}}2=== ===={{pron}}==== *{{IPA|lang=el|/ˈxro.ni.a/}} *{{hyph|el|χρό|νι|α}} ===={{adjc}}==== {{head|el|adjective form}} #{{infl of+|el|χρόνιος||nom//acc//voc|f|s}} #{{infl of+|el|χρόνιος||nom//acc//voc|n|p}} =={{L|grc}}== ==={{pron}}=== {{grc-IPA|χρόνῐᾰ}} ==={{adjc}}=== {{head|grc|adjective form|head=χρόνῐᾰ}} #{{inflection of+|grc|χρόνῐος||n|nom//acc//voc|p}} kuuxb42p9ofc7mel7a3ua9mlghy6gki 0 592741 2292853 2026-07-03T23:13:23Z Kuroco2k 84207 [[:en:būdinys]] 2292853 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|lt}}== ==={{pron}}=== *{{IPA|lang=lt|[buːdʲɪ²ˈnʲiːs]}} ==={{noun}}=== {{lt-noun|m|būdiniai|3|head=būdinỹs}} #{{context|grammar|行動の様式を示す|lang=lt}} [[副動詞]]。 ===={{decl}}==== {{lt-noun-m-ys-3|būdin|bū̃din|}} ===={{rel}}==== *{{l|lt|dalỹvis}} *{{l|lt|pùsdalyvis}} *{{l|lt|pãdalyvis}} 8r6dyqt0wfnqxsg5vzuu71xhrlwi1kk 0 592742 2292854 2026-07-03T23:19:09Z Kuroco2k 84207 新規作成 2292854 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} =={{L|ja}}== {{wikipedia}} ==={{etym}}=== {{bor+|ja|en|circumflex}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun}} #[[ダイアクリティカルマーク]]の一つ。主に[[母音]]の上に付くが、まれに子音に作原語が存在する。[[ˆ]]。 0ohwxtjt3oevt8yho269skeow4dpa1n 0 592743 2292855 2026-07-03T23:25:54Z ふゆくれ 95641 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|わびすけこうぶん}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|わび|すけ|こう|ぶん|yomi=k2,o2}} ==={{etym}}=== アニメ映画「{{w|サマーウォーズ}}」の登場人物、陣内侘助のセリフ「なぜって、そりゃ……　そいつの開発者、俺だもん」から。 ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|わびすけこうぶん|acc=5}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|わびすけこうぶん}} #{{context|インターネットスラング|lang=ja}}…」 2292855 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|わびすけこうぶん}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|わび|すけ|こう|ぶん|yomi=k2,o2}} ==={{etym}}=== アニメ映画「{{w|サマーウォーズ}}」の登場人物、陣内侘助のセリフ「なぜって、そりゃ……　そいつの開発者、俺だもん」から。 ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|わびすけこうぶん|acc=5}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|わびすけこうぶん}} #{{context|インターネットスラング|lang=ja}}「だってそれ作ったのオレだもん」のように、[[作成者]]が[[自分]]であることを示す[[構文]]。 j1czimgfd93l28shyw80i99kaer5bba 0 592744 2292856 2026-07-03T23:26:23Z Kuroco2k 84207 新規作成 2292856 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|カク}} ==漢字== {{kanji|疒|7}} ===意義=== #{{漢字 義未詳}}。 =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanji|呉音=*|漢音=カク}} =={{L|zh}}== [[Category:{{zh}}|jiao3]] {{zh-han|m=jiǎo}} =={{L|pcc}}== {{pcc-sawn|gvaaus|sawn=y}} ==={{noun}}=== {{head|pcc|noun|head=gvaaus}} #[[瘟疫]]。 =={{コード}}== {{文字コード|mj={{mjmoji|041615}}|gb=9637E537|cns=10-6476|全={{全字庫|681078}}}} {{検字|蒼頡=KHGR,XKHGR}} {{字典|hdz=42675.100|諸橋=22240}} e8y0fyb5sv3vfvo4wz8w9npiu0cwhmu 0 592745 2292857 2026-07-03T23:33:29Z ふゆくれ 95641 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|しゃえいへいめん}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|しゃ|えい|へい|めん|yomi=o}} {{wikipedia}} ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|しゃえいへいめん|acc=4}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|しゃえいへいめん}} #{{context|幾何学|lang=ja}}[[ユークリッド平面]]<math>\mathbb{R}^2</math>の各方向に対して1つづつ[[無限遠点]]を[[付加]]したもの。[[線形代数]]的には[[三次元]][[空間]]内の[[原点]]を通る…」 2292857 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|しゃえいへいめん}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|しゃ|えい|へい|めん|yomi=o}} {{wikipedia}} ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|しゃえいへいめん|acc=4}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|しゃえいへいめん}} #{{context|幾何学|lang=ja}}[[ユークリッド平面]]<math>\mathbb{R}^2</math>の各方向に対して1つづつ[[無限遠点]]を[[付加]]したもの。[[線形代数]]的には[[三次元]][[空間]]内の[[原点]]を通る[[直線]][[全体]]の成す[[集合]]として与えられる。 ===={{rel}}==== *[[射影幾何学]] *[[斉次座標系]] *[[射影変換]] *[[射影行列]] jfl9y3kjuiq94bb2ataye13m1rh44hx 0 592746 2292859 2026-07-03T23:44:43Z Kuroco2k 84207 [[:en:ihm]] 2292859 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|de}}== ==={{alter}}=== *{{l|de|jm}}, {{l|de|jhm}}, {{l|de|ym}}, {{l|de|yhm}} {{q|早期新高地ドイツ語}} *{{l|de|ihme}} {{q|廃用}} ==={{pron}}=== *{{qualifier|標準}} {{IPA|lang=de|/iːm/}} :*{{音声|de|De-ihm.ogg}} :*{{音声|de|De-ihm2.ogg|a=Berlin}} :*{{rhymes|lang=de|iːm}} :*{{kanahyoki|de|イー{{small|ム}}}} *{{qualifier|口語、強勢無し}} {{IPA|lang=de|/əm/}} ==={{pronoun}}=== {{head|de|pronoun form}} #{{inflection of+|de|er||dat}}彼に。 #: {{ux|de|Könntest du '''ihm''' deinen Stift geben? ([[ファイル:De-Könntest du ihm deinen Stift geben..ogg]])|'''彼に'''君のペンを渡してくれないか？}} ===参考文献=== *{{書誌・コトバンク|author=プログレッシブ 独和辞典|word=ihm|type=独和|accessdate=2026-07-04}} =={{L|hrx}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|gmh|hrx}} {{m|gmh|him}} < {{etyl|goh|hrx}} {{m|goh|himo}} < {{etyl|gmw-pro|hrx}} {{m|gmw-pro|*himmā}} < {{etyl|gem-pro|hrx}} {{m|gem-pro|*himmai}} ==={{pronoun}}=== {{head|hrx|pronoun}} #{{inflection of+|hrx|er||強変化|dat}} #{{inflection of+|hrx|es||強変化|dat}} =={{L|pdc}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{etyl|gmh|pdc}} {{m|gmh|him}} < {{etyl|goh|pdc}} {{m|goh|himo}} < {{etyl|gmw-pro|pdc}} {{m|gmw-pro|*himmā}} < {{etyl|gem-pro|pdc}} {{m|gem-pro|*himmai}} ==={{pron}}=== *{{IPA|lang=pdc|/iːm/}} ==={{pronoun}}=== {{head|pdc|pronoun form}} #{{inflection of+|pdc|er||dat}} #{{inflection of+|pdc|es||dat}} sgk775sw857hus0pkka02u8svo8k1iv 0 592747 2292860 2026-07-04T00:00:26Z Kuroco2k 84207 [[:en:Fehler]] 2292860 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|de}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{m|de|fehlen}} ==={{pron}}=== *{{IPA|lang=de|/ˈfeːlɐ/}} *{{音声|de|De-at-Fehler.ogg|a=Austria}} *{{音声|de|De-Fehler.ogg|a=Berlin}} *{{hyph|de|Feh|ler}} *{{rhymes|lang=de|eːlɐ|s=2}} *{{kanahyoki|de|'''フ'''ェーラー}} ==={{noun}}=== {{de-noun|g=m|pl=Fehler}} #{{おくりがな2|誤|あやま|り|あやまり}}、[[過失]]、[[ミス]]。 #:{{syn|de|Irrtum}} ===={{hypo}}==== {{col4|lang=de|Abbildungsfehler|Bestätigungsfehler|Flüchtigkeitsfehler|Rechenfehler|Rechnungsfehler|Rechtschreibfehler|Schreibfehler|Schönheitsfehler|Softwarefehler|Tippfehler|Webfehler}} ===={{rel}}==== {{col3|lamg=de|Fehlbetrag|Fehlverhalten|Fehlentscheidung|Fehleranalyse|Fehlerangabe|Fehleranzeige|Fehlerberichtigung|Fehlerbeseitigung|Fehlererkennung|fehlerfrei|Fehlergehalt|Fehlergrenze|fehlerhaft|Fehlerkorrektur|fehlerlos|Fehlermeldung|Fehlerquelle|Fehlerquote|Fehlersuche|Fehlersumme|fehlertolerant|Fehlerverzeichnis}} ===参考文献=== *{{書誌・コトバンク|author=プログレッシブ 独和辞典|word=Fehler|accessdate=2026-07-04|type=独和}} lkodakb36x6pvgtppwm168wm8ykpt8k 0 592748 2292861 2026-07-04T00:00:26Z Kuroco2k 84207 [[:en:verschieden]] 2292861 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{L|de}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{m|de|verscheiden}} ==={{pron}}=== *{{IPA|lang=de|/fɛɐ̯ˈʃiːdn̩/}} *{{音声|de|De-verschieden2.ogg|a=Berlin}} *{{音声|de|De-verschieden.ogg}} *{{hyph|de|ver|schie|den}} *{{kanahyoki|de|フエ{{small|ア}}'''シ'''ーデ{{small|ン}}}} ==={{participle}}=== {{head|de|past participle}} #{{past participle of|de|verscheiden}} ==={{adjc}}=== {{de-adj|verschiedener|verschiedensten}} #{{context|dated|lang=de}} [[死亡]]した、[[物故]]した。 #:{{syn|de|gestorben|verblichen|verstorben}} #{{q|{{l|de|ven}}+与格で}} [[別]]の、異にする。 #:{{syn|de|anders|andersartig}} #[[多様]]な、[[さまざま|様々]]な。 #:{{syn|de|unterschiedlich|verschiedenartig}} ===={{decl}}==== {{de-adecl|pred:verschieden.stem:verschieden.comp:+:-e}} ===={{drv}}==== *{{l|de|Verschiedenes}} *{{l|de|Verschiedenheit}} ==={{adv}}=== {{de-adv}} #異なって。 ===参考文献=== *{{書誌・コトバンク|author=プログレッシブ 独和辞典|word=verschieden|accessdate=2026-07-04|type=独和}} j22qh84jjpc2waaucb30swqnrkzcwvd 0 592749 2292862 2026-07-04T00:19:40Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[浮城]]}} #「[[軍艦]]」の雅称。」 2292862 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[浮城]]}} #「[[軍艦]]」の雅称。 a074wdnwnkhvpynbskdjch85jpfoufv 0 592750 2292863 2026-07-04T00:21:27Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふじょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふじょう]]}} #「[[軍艦]]」の雅称。 ==={{wagokanji}}=== {{ja-wagokanji|ふじょう}} #{{wagokanji of|ふじょう}}」 2292863 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふじょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふじょう]]}} #「[[軍艦]]」の雅称。 ==={{wagokanji}}=== {{ja-wagokanji|ふじょう}} #{{wagokanji of|ふじょう}} qsoqmwd89pvv6p012hzz54jzmomxrc0 2292864 2292863 2026-07-04T00:21:52Z うーむ 129171 2292864 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふじょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふじょう]]}} #「[[軍艦]]」の雅称。 ==={{wagokanji}}=== {{ja-wagokanji|うきしま}} #{{wagokanji of|うきしま}} obypin2p0h1pk7bornvdemmtubmcvq4 2292865 2292864 2026-07-04T00:22:40Z うーむ 129171 /* 日本語 */ 2292865 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふじょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふじょう]]}} #「[[軍艦]]」の雅称。 ==={{wagokanji}}=== {{ja-wagokanji|うきしろ}} #{{wagokanji of|うきしろ}} ppbrc4ipbedhuiudhm5agvs2i3ib2hs 0 592751 2292866 2026-07-04T00:26:29Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふじょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふじょう]]}} #[[国府]]の[[城郭]]。 #[[みやこ|都]]の城。」 2292866 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふじょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふじょう]]}} #[[国府]]の[[城郭]]。 #[[みやこ|都]]の城。 0euqv5ps2chwp1b1zha7q1jnvrgtgjn 0 592752 2292868 2026-07-04T00:31:59Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふじょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふじょう]]}} #[[小人]]が[[出世]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふじょう}} {{日本語サ変活用}}」 2292868 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふじょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふじょう]]}} #[[小人]]が[[出世]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふじょう}} {{日本語サ変活用}} hpfn3ou8gogbzwqid9d3ln5pb1fpjlj 0 592753 2292869 2026-07-04T00:36:53Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|御祓い}} #{{タグ|ja|丁寧語}}「[[はらい]]（祓い）」の[[丁寧語]]。」 2292869 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|御祓い}} #{{タグ|ja|丁寧語}}「[[はらい]]（祓い）」の[[丁寧語]]。 c4qfv4ac13ro1a3ag9jqj1feony19cx 0 592754 2292871 2026-07-04T00:37:40Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|おはらい}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{wagokanji}}=== {{ja-wagokanji|おはらい}} #{{wagokanji of|おはらい}}」 2292871 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|おはらい}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{wagokanji}}=== {{ja-wagokanji|おはらい}} #{{wagokanji of|おはらい}} ix7s2w4lau3mbkntv9m7n21q909riet 0 592755 2292872 2026-07-04T00:38:33Z うーむ 129171 [[御祓い]]への転送ページ 2292872 wikitext text/x-wiki #転送[[御祓い]] 3t2fekxxfnfey9y9fsoel41l6a308ss 0 592756 2292873 2026-07-04T00:39:53Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふじょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふじょう]]}} #[[おはらい|御祓い]]。」 2292873 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふじょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふじょう]]}} #[[おはらい|御祓い]]。 spq5m9id6zcyjd2zdeau8gnf8g9o3p6 0 592757 2292874 2026-07-04T00:41:34Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふじょう}} =={{ja}}== ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{ja-adjectival noun|[[ふじょう]]}} #[[はかない|儚い]]さま。[[無常]]なさま。 ==={{conjug}}=== {{日本語タルト活用}}」 2292874 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふじょう}} =={{ja}}== ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{ja-adjectival noun|[[ふじょう]]}} #[[はかない|儚い]]さま。[[無常]]なさま。 ==={{conjug}}=== {{日本語タルト活用}} f9o69ys8y7zuy11xvuib6swt74ugozz 0 592758 2292875 2026-07-04T00:43:03Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふじょう}} =={{ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふじょう]]}} #[[無駄]]。 ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{日本語タルト活用}}」 2292875 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふじょう}} =={{ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふじょう]]}} #[[無駄]]。 ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{日本語タルト活用}} 5kc1jib7azeaynu7327asbmb3xrfdmh 0 592759 2292876 2026-07-04T00:45:24Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふじょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふじょう]]}} #[[大国]]に[[付属]]する国。[[附庸]]。」 2292876 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふじょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふじょう]]}} #[[大国]]に[[付属]]する国。[[附庸]]。 hqisysp49csht9zug39cit889ccpb54 0 592760 2292878 2026-07-04T00:47:32Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふじょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふじょう]]}} #[[たすける|扶ける]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふじょう}} {{日本語サ変活用}}」 2292878 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふじょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふじょう]]}} #[[たすける|扶ける]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふじょう}} {{日本語サ変活用}} 3tch7prj33vq06zxrn0ipf3eavyq0ep 0 592761 2292879 2026-07-04T00:50:06Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふじょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふじょう]]}} #[[つえ|杖]]を[[つく]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふじょう}} {{日本語サ変活用}}」 2292879 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふじょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふじょう]]}} #[[つえ|杖]]を[[つく]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふじょう}} {{日本語サ変活用}} 2nc1531weg7ffyqy3udwzire0xfh558 0 592762 2292880 2026-07-04T00:56:19Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふしょう]]}} #[[豪商]]。」 2292880 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふしょう]]}} #[[豪商]]。 6foy196k71vaxz8xoztm5ngflx1ylbc 0 592763 2292881 2026-07-04T00:58:11Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふしょう]]}} #[[おそれる|恐れる]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふしょう}} {{日本語サ変活用}}」 2292881 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふしょう]]}} #[[おそれる|恐れる]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふしょう}} {{日本語サ変活用}} mocymxu8r4y7utea0xxvnch8ivhf5ff 0 592764 2292882 2026-07-04T00:59:48Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふしょう]]}} #遍く[[する]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふしょう}} {{日本語サ変活用}}」 2292882 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふしょう]]}} #遍く[[する]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふしょう}} {{日本語サ変活用}} q95ho39vqxb3v0dlm7tb9z18ri8ttpa 0 592765 2292883 2026-07-04T01:01:48Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふしょう]]}} #[[瑞祥]]。」 2292883 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふしょう]]}} #[[瑞祥]]。 13q5sbl05ab4j12pu23joax2qj2x7s8 0 592766 2292884 2026-07-04T01:03:12Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふしょう]]}} #[[ぬの|布]]の[[もすそ|裳]]。」 2292884 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふしょう]]}} #[[ぬの|布]]の[[もすそ|裳]]。 c53wyc5iab0a2z20s8c2bktfw4qcc25 0 592767 2292885 2026-07-04T01:04:28Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしょう}} =={{ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふしょう]]}} #[[不適当]]。 ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{日本語タルト活用}}」 2292885 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしょう}} =={{ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふしょう]]}} #[[不適当]]。 ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{日本語タルト活用}} klne7ityxd21hx3xo9bpaau8xqmi3mx 0 592768 2292886 2026-07-04T01:06:03Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふしょう]]}} #[[怖懾]]すること。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふしょう}} {{日本語サ変活用}}」 2292886 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふしょう]]}} #[[怖懾]]すること。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふしょう}} {{日本語サ変活用}} dynry0zee1sovmhk0gy2y7g3r1mntum 0 592769 2292887 2026-07-04T01:08:00Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふしょう]]}} #[[たすける|扶ける]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|}} {{日本語サ変活用}}」 2292887 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふしょう]]}} #[[たすける|扶ける]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|}} {{日本語サ変活用}} 0pjhhwkb6vzvy4k7hy2w50vcweptk67 0 592770 2292888 2026-07-04T01:11:18Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふしょう]]}} #[[幼孩]]。」 2292888 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふしょう]]}} #[[幼孩]]。 sxhra3mqdrxueoulfx4ruuho8qjjkqq 0 592771 2292889 2026-07-04T01:13:04Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしょう}} =={{ja}}== ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{ja-adjectival noun|[[ふしょう]]}} #[[さかん|盛ん]]なさま。 ==={{conjug}}=== {{日本語タルト活用}}」 2292889 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしょう}} =={{ja}}== ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{ja-adjectival noun|[[ふしょう]]}} #[[さかん|盛ん]]なさま。 ==={{conjug}}=== {{日本語タルト活用}} p5k9n9vjozo5il4wsds3ouj9rrcghcz 0 592772 2292890 2026-07-04T01:14:05Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふしょう]]}} #[[うわさ]]。」 2292890 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふしょう]]}} #[[うわさ]]。 gmyynfihjjro7so62ua1ubjvncp8zkk 0 592773 2292891 2026-07-04T01:15:54Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふしょう]]}} #[[酒杯]]を[[うかべる|浮かべる]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふしょう}} {{日本語サ変活用}}」 2292891 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふしょう]]}} #[[酒杯]]を[[うかべる|浮かべる]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふしょう}} {{日本語サ変活用}} cywzvrjqoqt4bkigsxgf0ynmr543v1o 0 592774 2292892 2026-07-04T01:19:34Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしょう}} =={{ja}}== ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{ja-adjectival noun|[[ふしょう]]}} #[[ひろい|広く]]て[[おおきい|大きい]]さま。 ==={{conjug}}=== {{日本語タルト活用}}」 2292892 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしょう}} =={{ja}}== ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{ja-adjectival noun|[[ふしょう]]}} #[[ひろい|広く]]て[[おおきい|大きい]]さま。 ==={{conjug}}=== {{日本語タルト活用}} edzbclle7juostia5vlrde6ys55btp6 0 592775 2292893 2026-07-04T01:23:12Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふしょう]]}} #[[徴召]]に応じて[[いく|行く]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふしょう}} {{日本語サ変活用}}」 2292893 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふしょう]]}} #[[徴召]]に応じて[[いく|行く]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふしょう}} {{日本語サ変活用}} l9r84wxpk37cktusqrpf0dwsc80ok2e 0 592776 2292894 2026-07-04T01:24:23Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ちょうしょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ちょうしょう]]}} #[[めしだす|召し出す]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ちょうしょう}} {{日本語サ変活用}}」 2292894 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ちょうしょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ちょうしょう]]}} #[[めしだす|召し出す]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ちょうしょう}} {{日本語サ変活用}} kxiyd93pf3b6jcc8lveghw1x8p0wnvg 0 592777 2292895 2026-07-04T01:27:43Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふしょう]]|ふせい|ふしょう}} #[[六衛府]]、[[検非違使庁]]の下級職員。」 2292895 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふしょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふしょう]]|ふせい|ふしょう}} #[[六衛府]]、[[検非違使庁]]の下級職員。 8mhn2weedtd2vyhibp9t2w3v3md9y5x 0 592778 2292896 2026-07-04T01:31:16Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|けびいしちょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|けびいしちょう}} #[[検非違使]]が[[執務]]を執る役所。」 2292896 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|けびいしちょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|けびいしちょう}} #[[検非違使]]が[[執務]]を執る役所。 16excd1ucv1gbaoxal4027rwdec9j4w 0 592779 2292898 2026-07-04T02:20:24Z 鍼灸 112313 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|みせいじゅく}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{adjectvenoun}}=== {{ja-adjectival noun|みせいじゅく}} #[[まだ]][[成熟]]していないこと。また、そのさま。 {{日本語ダ活用}}」 2292898 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|みせいじゅく}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{adjectvenoun}}=== {{ja-adjectival noun|みせいじゅく}} #[[まだ]][[成熟]]していないこと。また、そのさま。 {{日本語ダ活用}} ljltvupu0rn7g0ob0clk1u7iioay17g 2292899 2292898 2026-07-04T02:20:35Z 鍼灸 112313 2292899 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|みせいじゅく}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{ja-adjectival noun|みせいじゅく}} #[[まだ]][[成熟]]していないこと。また、そのさま。 {{日本語ダ活用}} 2q762teth1spiora33w7kgdmyqj7a5w 2292903 2292899 2026-07-04T02:23:59Z 鍼灸 112313 2292903 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|みせいじゅく}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|みせいじゅく}} #[[まだ]][[成熟]]していないこと。また、そのさま。 ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{日本語ダ活用}} 2irng5mry15paj9h5lg93ugxamy9uby 2292957 2292903 2026-07-04T11:33:03Z 鍼灸 112313 2292957 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|みせいじゅく}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{affix|ja|未-|成熟}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|みせいじゅく}} #[[まだ]][[成熟]]していないこと。また、そのさま。 ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{日本語ダ活用}} 95xiulgvj4vtlckrc2v1revuw7ipb1o 0 592780 2292905 2026-07-04T02:27:59Z 鍼灸 112313 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|みとうろく}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|みとうろく}} #[[まだ]][[登録]]していないこと。また、そのさま。 ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{日本語ダ活用}} ===={{syn}}==== *[[無登録]]」 2292905 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|みとうろく}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|みとうろく}} #[[まだ]][[登録]]していないこと。また、そのさま。 ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{日本語ダ活用}} ===={{syn}}==== *[[無登録]] auf68anee2axe427nz9tw2c4vx1daf8 2292911 2292905 2026-07-04T02:40:55Z 鍼灸 112313 2292911 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|みとうろく}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{prefix|未|登録|lang=ja}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|みとうろく}} #[[まだ]][[登録]]していないこと。また、そのさま。 ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{日本語ダ活用}} ===={{syn}}==== *[[無登録]] cxb7muuw00jq3fsjndjd6h8n0r94nen 2292913 2292911 2026-07-04T02:43:53Z 鍼灸 112313 2292913 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|みとうろく}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{affix|ja|未-|登録}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|みとうろく}} #[[まだ]][[登録]]していないこと。また、そのさま。 ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{日本語ダ活用}} ===={{syn}}==== *[[無登録]] 4dpenjpkovmozu452t46puqsngbpgaf 0 592781 2292907 2026-07-04T02:32:30Z 鍼灸 112313 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|みかにゅう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|みかにゅう}} #[[まだ]][[加入]]していないこと。また、そのさま。 ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{日本語ダ活用}} ===={{syn}}==== *[[非加入]] *[[不加入]] *[[対象外]]」 2292907 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|みかにゅう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|みかにゅう}} #[[まだ]][[加入]]していないこと。また、そのさま。 ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{日本語ダ活用}} ===={{syn}}==== *[[非加入]] *[[不加入]] *[[対象外]] 190l47hsaa6cro7tbnt0qpjppfhn2wh 2292915 2292907 2026-07-04T02:46:46Z 鍼灸 112313 2292915 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|みかにゅう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{affix|ja|未-|加入}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|みかにゅう}} #[[まだ]][[加入]]していないこと。また、そのさま。 ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{日本語ダ活用}} ===={{syn}}==== *[[非加入]] *[[不加入]] *[[対象外]] 2duh7n9yfi3qqyijeggqioau5s4e3i0 0 592782 2292908 2026-07-04T02:37:52Z 鍼灸 112313 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ひかにゅう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|ひかにゅう}} #[[加入]]の[[状態]]でないこと。また、そのさま。 ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{日本語ダ活用}} ===={{syn}}==== *[[未加入]] *[[不加入]] *[[対象外]]」 2292908 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ひかにゅう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|ひかにゅう}} #[[加入]]の[[状態]]でないこと。また、そのさま。 ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{日本語ダ活用}} ===={{syn}}==== *[[未加入]] *[[不加入]] *[[対象外]] gzpyk4z02t9om8zio78huimlsa5vqgo 2292916 2292908 2026-07-04T02:48:10Z 鍼灸 112313 2292916 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ひかにゅう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{affix|ja|非-|加入}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|ひかにゅう}} #[[加入]]の[[状態]]でないこと。また、そのさま。 ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{日本語ダ活用}} ===={{syn}}==== *[[未加入]] *[[不加入]] *[[対象外]] mbahmq8bgwq6yp04fu7290qgtjg7ue9 0 592783 2292909 2026-07-04T02:39:23Z 鍼灸 112313 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふかにゅう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|ふかにゅう}} #[[加入]]しないこと。また、そのさま。 ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{日本語ダ活用}} ===={{syn}}==== *[[非加入]] *[[未加入]] *[[対象外]]」 2292909 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふかにゅう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|ふかにゅう}} #[[加入]]しないこと。また、そのさま。 ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{日本語ダ活用}} ===={{syn}}==== *[[非加入]] *[[未加入]] *[[対象外]] ijs8q3jkg60zxzi2kovygtb4rczjoas 2292912 2292909 2026-07-04T02:42:10Z 鍼灸 112313 2292912 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふかにゅう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{prefix|不|加入|lang=ja}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|ふかにゅう}} #[[加入]]しないこと。また、そのさま。 ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{日本語ダ活用}} ===={{syn}}==== *[[非加入]] *[[未加入]] *[[対象外]] tq7km1vs0h60t0xiwsdimadf00tmzx1 2292917 2292912 2026-07-04T02:48:37Z 鍼灸 112313 2292917 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふかにゅう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{etym}}=== {{affix|ja|不-|加入}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|ふかにゅう}} #[[加入]]しないこと。また、そのさま。 ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{日本語ダ活用}} ===={{syn}}==== *[[非加入]] *[[未加入]] *[[対象外]] 0dxqedns1ruamx5cnzufiz7m1qlgpmu 0 592784 2292919 2026-07-04T03:10:52Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ぶしょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ぶしょう]]}} #[[戯弄]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ぶしょう}} {{日本語サ変活用}}」 2292919 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ぶしょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ぶしょう]]}} #[[戯弄]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ぶしょう}} {{日本語サ変活用}} joah78ugny6nfxtahcw4l7k542lqvy3 2292920 2292919 2026-07-04T03:11:45Z うーむ 129171 2292920 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ぶしょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ぶしょう]]}} #[[戯弄]]すること。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ぶしょう}} {{日本語サ変活用}} 5y3c5drxzqw2gyucp2p5wcslm66ztyp 0 592785 2292921 2026-07-04T03:13:07Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ぶしょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ぶしょう]]}} #[[まい|舞]]の[[て|手]]。」 2292921 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ぶしょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ぶしょう]]}} #[[まい|舞]]の[[て|手]]。 0oikxd4qodk3sfz5sxaoq6x509kmjbe 0 592786 2292922 2026-07-04T03:14:12Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ぶしょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ぶしょう]]}} #[[冷笑]]すること。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ぶしょう}} {{日本語サ変活用}}」 2292922 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ぶしょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ぶしょう]]}} #[[冷笑]]すること。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ぶしょう}} {{日本語サ変活用}} tlsqmxij9jklmcecyzrol0vrcwbpunp 0 592787 2292923 2026-07-04T03:15:26Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ぶしょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ぶしょう]]}} #[[あなどる|侮り]]、[[そしる|謗る]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ぶしょう}} {{日本語サ変活用}}」 2292923 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ぶしょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ぶしょう]]}} #[[あなどる|侮り]]、[[そしる|謗る]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ぶしょう}} {{日本語サ変活用}} 2te6xg8i5xwz1jvgbdtzxhzmis9l6s7 0 592788 2292924 2026-07-04T03:16:44Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ぶしょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ぶしょう]]}} #[[武]]の[[まい|舞]]。」 2292924 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ぶしょう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ぶしょう]]}} #[[武]]の[[まい|舞]]。 jj900em9ju7gbg16uzfwbmhd7pndp90 0 592789 2292925 2026-07-04T03:19:57Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|りとく}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[りとく]]}} #[[時文]]の[[一種]]。」 2292925 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|りとく}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[りとく]]}} #[[時文]]の[[一種]]。 5mm9tlbxq5roup2tmjmjema5jp3902v 0 592790 2292926 2026-07-04T03:21:34Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|りとく}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[りとく]]}} #[[たぬき|狸]]の[[わざ|技]]。」 2292926 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|りとく}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[りとく]]}} #[[たぬき|狸]]の[[わざ|技]]。 7g4u6yrl4gfvk32hgdw8q1sz9fhnnqu 0 592791 2292927 2026-07-04T03:24:23Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|りとく}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[りとく]]}} #[[利益]]を得ること。[[利得]]。」 2292927 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|りとく}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[りとく]]}} #[[利益]]を得ること。[[利得]]。 fptv67edhause7wpuwf9jzyht0yqed3 0 592792 2292929 2026-07-04T03:28:19Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|てんめん}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[てんめん]]}} #[[沈湎]]。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|てんめん}} {{日本語サ変活用}}」 2292929 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|てんめん}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[てんめん]]}} #[[沈湎]]。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|てんめん}} {{日本語サ変活用}} bkn09llok2nyzkf0wkr11uo6x0sd6yq 0 592793 2292930 2026-07-04T03:32:39Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|めいもん}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[めいもん]]}} #[[漢方]]の一派で右腎のこと。 #第二腰椎上にある[[経穴]]。」 2292930 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|めいもん}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[めいもん]]}} #[[漢方]]の一派で右腎のこと。 #第二腰椎上にある[[経穴]]。 4lalon1v2ty0ou8romdmd7or3rd1mn7 0 592794 2292931 2026-07-04T03:35:08Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|めいもん}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[めいもん]]}} #{{タグ|ja|仏教}}[[まよう|迷い]]、[[もだえる|悶える]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|めいもん}} {{日本語サ変活用}}」 2292931 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|めいもん}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[めいもん]]}} #{{タグ|ja|仏教}}[[まよう|迷い]]、[[もだえる|悶える]]こと。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|めいもん}} {{日本語サ変活用}} 0akq8cd89ow0dyghxlrcrdgvcec3mk3 0 592795 2292932 2026-07-04T03:37:26Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ぶそう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{name}}=== {{ja-name|[[ぶそう]]}} #[[武蔵国]]と[[相模国]]。」 2292932 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ぶそう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{name}}=== {{ja-name|[[ぶそう]]}} #[[武蔵国]]と[[相模国]]。 c3eydar1vq5wmzqzbutolb97gaj0zym 0 592796 2292935 2026-07-04T06:03:08Z Jn.njjp 102815 項目の作成。 2292935 wikitext text/x-wiki =={{ja}}== [[Category:{{ja}}]] ==={{adverb}}=== [[Category:{{ja}}_{{adverb}}]] '''うつらうつら【[[熟]]・[[昏昏]]<ref>大言海 第一卷 https://dl.ndl.go.jp/pid/1902732/1/237 2026年7月4日観覧</ref>】''' #（「現ら」より）（熟）まざまざ。つらつら。つくづく。 #（「空ら」より）（昏昏）心がぼんやりして居る様。 #（「空ら」より）（昏昏）眠気を催し、微睡む様。うとうと。 ==脚註== <references /> rbnbut9fk6f8eptc7lmx81pil0p58f5 0 592797 2292938 2026-07-04T08:17:04Z ふゆくれ 95641 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|かみのこうしき}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{pron}}=== *{{ja-accent/down|か}}みのこ{{ja-accent/high|うしき}} {{ja-pron|かみのこうしき}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|かみのこうしき}} #{{context|線形代数|lang=ja}}[[平面ベクトル]]<math>\vec{a}=\begin{pmatrix} a \\ b \end{pmatrix}, \vec{b}=\begin{pmatrix} c \\ d \end{pmatrix}</math>の成す角を<math>\theta</math>としたとき、<math>\tan\theta=\frac{|ad-bc|}{ac+bd}</math>…」 2292938 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|かみのこうしき}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{pron}}=== *{{ja-accent/down|か}}みのこ{{ja-accent/high|うしき}} {{ja-pron|かみのこうしき}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|かみのこうしき}} #{{context|線形代数|lang=ja}}[[平面ベクトル]]<math>\vec{a}=\begin{pmatrix} a \\ b \end{pmatrix}, \vec{b}=\begin{pmatrix} c \\ d \end{pmatrix}</math>の成す角を<math>\theta</math>としたとき、<math>\tan\theta=\frac{|ad-bc|}{ac+bd}</math>という[[公式]]。[[2D外積]]（[[平面]]上の[[楔積]]）を用いれば<math>\tan\theta=\frac{\left\|\vec{a}\wedge\vec{b}\right\|}{\vec{a}\cdot\vec{b}}</math>と表示される。 0tansxgf2u0fn749onwfl9tnw3wusyf 0 592798 2292939 2026-07-04T08:25:32Z ふゆくれ 95641 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|かいてんだえんたい}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|かい|てん|だ|えん|たい|yomi=o}} {{wikipedia}} ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|かいてんだえんたい|acc=0}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|かいてんだえんたい}} #{{context|幾何学|lang=ja}}[[楕円]]を[[主軸]]に関して[[回転]]させて得る[[立体]]。[[回転軸]]が[[長軸]]の場合は[[長球]]（[[長楕円体]]・[[扁長楕円体]]）、[[短軸]]の場合は…」 2292939 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|かいてんだえんたい}} =={{L|ja}}== {{ja-kanjitab|かい|てん|だ|えん|たい|yomi=o}} {{wikipedia}} ==={{pron}}=== {{ja-pron|かいてんだえんたい|acc=0}} ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|かいてんだえんたい}} #{{context|幾何学|lang=ja}}[[楕円]]を[[主軸]]に関して[[回転]]させて得る[[立体]]。[[回転軸]]が[[長軸]]の場合は[[長球]]（[[長楕円体]]・[[扁長楕円体]]）、[[短軸]]の場合は[[扁球]]（[[扁楕円体]]・[[扁平楕円体]]）と呼ぶ。 ===={{rel}}==== *[[地球楕円体]] *[[トーラス]] *[[扁平楕円体座標系]] *[[扁長楕円体座標系]] *[[地理座標系]]（[[測地座標系]]） q59jrf5yyh9k5dws5mr1c60bo5184kt 0 592799 2292945 2026-07-04T09:19:21Z Jn.njjp 102815 項目の作成。 2292945 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{adjective}}=== {{head|ja|adjective}}[文語：[[うらわかし]]]'''【[[心若]]い<ref>言泉 : 日本大辞典 〔1〕 https://dl.ndl.go.jp/pid/12446250/1/234 2026年7月4日観覧</ref>】''' #年が若い。幼い。初々しい。取分け女性に対して言う。 #草木が若い。若く瑞々しい。 {{日本語形容詞活用}} ==脚註== <references /> {{stub|ja}} 2k4vnsn6hbzg3vc8wg80wu57dpzsn1c 0 592800 2292947 2026-07-04T11:07:40Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふぞう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふぞう]]}} #[[合葬]]すること。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふぞう}} {{日本語サ変活用}}」 2292947 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふぞう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふぞう]]}} #[[合葬]]すること。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふぞう}} {{日本語サ変活用}} 4yjtsqad2nrthwd1m7kz6od240rdbez 0 592801 2292948 2026-07-04T11:09:08Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふぞう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふぞう]]}} #[[臓腑]]。」 2292948 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふぞう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふぞう]]}} #[[臓腑]]。 i2ewobfh8prx9r6mfygbz6jdg7tcn5q 0 592802 2292949 2026-07-04T11:11:04Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふぞう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふぞう]]}} #{{ふりがな|蔵|くら}}。 #[[臓腑]]。」 2292949 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふぞう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふぞう]]}} #{{ふりがな|蔵|くら}}。 #[[臓腑]]。 7kiqi3g2ncko1d6yvlby523oh5bc1o5 0 592803 2292950 2026-07-04T11:14:33Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふそう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふそう]]}} #[[報虞]]。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふそう}} {{日本語サ変活用}}」 2292950 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふそう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふそう]]}} #[[報虞]]。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふそう}} {{日本語サ変活用}} g0nkfap5xcmeok6avbfdncyt2hjkomu 0 592804 2292951 2026-07-04T11:21:02Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふぐ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふぐ]]}} #{{ruby|三月|みつき}}の[[虞]]（[[埋葬]]後、死者の魂をやすめる祭）を[[まつ|待て]]ない者が、繰り上げて虞の[[祭祀]]をすること。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふぐ}} {{日本語サ変活用}}」 2292951 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふぐ}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふぐ]]}} #{{ruby|三月|みつき}}の[[虞]]（[[埋葬]]後、死者の魂をやすめる祭）を[[まつ|待て]]ない者が、繰り上げて虞の[[祭祀]]をすること。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふぐ}} {{日本語サ変活用}} sx97vmgdop9l544s6ud9l9kyy3gua6n 0 592805 2292953 2026-07-04T11:25:14Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふそう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふそう]]}} #（[[祖先]]の墓に）[[合葬]]すること。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふそう}} {{日本語サ変活用}}」 2292953 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふそう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふそう]]}} #（[[祖先]]の墓に）[[合葬]]すること。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふそう}} {{日本語サ変活用}} s3z1wvfkw9jm216erck73nj7d37kpj5 2292958 2292953 2026-07-04T11:33:25Z うーむ 129171 2292958 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふそう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふそう]]}} #[[合葬]]すること。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふそう}} {{日本語サ変活用}} phua74dwr20ap9t7mg7by5f26w74u3o 0 592806 2292954 2026-07-04T11:27:13Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふそう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふそう]]}} #[[かま|釜]]と[[こしき|甑]]。[[炊事]]の[[道具]]。」 2292954 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふそう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふそう]]}} #[[かま|釜]]と[[こしき|甑]]。[[炊事]]の[[道具]]。 9fv3whr3u39eed5cuvixyl2j2t76ry6 0 592807 2292955 2026-07-04T11:28:11Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふそう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふそう]]}} #[[はだ|肌]]。[[皮膚]]。」 2292955 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふそう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふそう]]}} #[[はだ|肌]]。[[皮膚]]。 el7dwomasimi6cufw5a2m9ucy9nrkfz 0 592808 2292956 2026-07-04T11:31:21Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふそう}} =={{ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふそう]]}} #[[うわつく|浮つい]]て[[せっかち]]ていること。[[軽率]]。 ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{日本語タルト活用}}」 2292956 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふそう}} =={{ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun|[[ふそう]]}} #[[うわつく|浮つい]]て[[せっかち]]ていること。[[軽率]]。 ==={{adjectivenoun}}=== {{日本語タルト活用}} 08eu09zvsidrnucgzemusqjkzsh1453 0 592809 2292961 2026-07-04T11:34:27Z うーむ 129171 ページの作成:「{{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふそう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふそう]]}} #（[[祖先]]の墓に）[[合葬]]すること。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふそう}} {{日本語サ変活用}}」 2292961 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kana-DEFAULTSORT|ふそう}} =={{L|ja}}== ==={{noun}}=== {{ja-noun-suru|[[ふそう]]}} #（[[祖先]]の墓に）[[合葬]]すること。 ==={{verb}}=== {{ja-verb-suru|ふそう}} {{日本語サ変活用}} s3z1wvfkw9jm216erck73nj7d37kpj5 14 592810 2292964 2026-07-04T11:37:13Z 鍼灸 112313 ページの作成:「[[カテゴリ:日本語 接頭辞|み]]」 2292964 wikitext text/x-wiki [[カテゴリ:日本語 接頭辞|み]] sigfd3d67npib2sd1vy00pyo6a2j7yt