Wikipédia jvwiki https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Pendhapa MediaWiki 1.48.0-wmf.1 first-letter Médhia Mirunggan Parembugan Naraguna Parembugan Naraguna Wikipédia Parembugan Wikipédia Barkas Parembugan Barkas MédhiaWiki Parembugan MédhiaWiki Cithakan Parembugan Cithakan Pitulung Parembugan Pitulung Kategori Parembugan Kategori Gapura Parembugan Gapura TimedText TimedText talk Modhul Parembugan Modhul Acara Pembicaraan Acara Thomas Alva Edison 0 1707 1759787 1758053 2026-11-03T07:01:29Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759787 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Person | name = Thomas Alva Edison | image = Thomas_Edison2.jpg | caption = <div style="font-size: 90%">"Jenius iku asalé saka 1% inspirasi lan 99% perspirasi (kringet/makarya keras)."<br />– Thomas Alva Edison, [[Harper's Magazine|Harper's Monthly]] (September 1932)</div> | birth_date ={{birth date|1847|02|11}} | birth_place =[[Milan, Ohio]] | death_date ={{death date and age|1931|10|18|1847|02|11}} | death_place =[[West Orange, New Jersey]] | occupation = [[panemu]], [[èlmuwan]], [[pengusaha]] | spouse = {{marriage|Mary Stilwell |1871|1884}}<br />{{marriage|Mina Edison |1886|1931}} | religion = [[Deist]] | partner = | children =Marion Estelle Edison (1873–1965)<br />Thomas Alva Edison Jr. (1876–1935)<br />William Leslie Edison (1878–1937)<br />Madeleine Edison (1888–1979)<br />[[Charles Edison]] (1890–1969)<br />[[Theodore Miller Edison]] (1898–1992) | parents =Samuel Ogden Edison, Jr. (1804–1896)<br />Nancy Matthews Elliott (1810–1871) | relatives = [[Lewis Miller (dermawan)|Lewis Miller]] (father-in-law) | signature = | website = | footnotes = }} [[Gambar:A day with Thomas A. Edison.webm|thumb|thumbtime=1|upright=1.1| ''A Day with Thomas Edison'' (1922)]] [[Gambar:Thomas Edison.jpg|thumb|right|Thomas Alva Edison]] '''Thomas Alva Edison''' ([[1847]] – [[1931]]), punika satunggiling papanggih tèhnik saha ahli sains saking [[Amérikah Sarékat]] ingkang misuwur ugi prodhuktif sanget. Prodhuksinipun kathah ingkang dipun-patèn-aken. Patènipun kathah sanget, wonten kirang langkung [[1.000]] papanggihan (''penemuan''). Antawis sanès papanggihanipun punika: [[bohlam]], [[fonograf]], [[mikrofon]] saha [[kinetoskop]]. == Uga delengen liyan == * [[Pratélan Tokoh Profesi|Pratélan Tokoh Profèsi]] == Pranala njaba == {{Wikiquote}} {{Commons category|Thomas Alva Edison}} ;Lokasi * [http://www.menloparkmuséum.com/ Menlo Park Museum and Edison Memorial Tower]{{Pranala mati|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * [http://www.nps.gov/edis/index.htm Thomas Edison National Historical Park] (National Park Service) * [http://www.hfmgv.org/exhibits/edison/ Edison exhibit and Menlo Park Laboratory at Henry Ford Museum] * [http://www.edisonmuséum.org/ Edison Museum]{{Pranala mati|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * [http://www.phmuséum.org/depot/depot.htm Edison Depot Museum]{{Pranala mati|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * [http://www.tomedison.org/ Edison Birthplace Museum] * [http://www.edisonhouse.org/ Thomas Edison House] ;Informasi lan médhia * {{In Our Time|Thomas Edison|b00wdjr8|Thomas_Edison}} * [http://ariwatch.com/VS/TheDiaryOfThomasEdison.htm The Diary of Thomas Edison] * {{gutenberg author| id=Thomas+A.+Edison | name=Thomas Edison}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090430061452/http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/american_originals_iv/sections/thomas_edison_patent.html Edison's patent application for the light bulb] at the National Archives. * {{IMDb name|id=0249379|name=Thomas Edison}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110223022715/http://www.wired.com/science/discoveries/news/2008/01/dayintech_0104 Jan. 4, 1903: Edison Fries an Elephant to Prove His Point] – [[Wired (magazine)|Wired Magazine]] article about Edison's "macabre form of a series of animal electrocutions using AC." * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140726131136/http://www.nps.gov/history/NR/twhp/wwwlps/lessons/25edison/25edison.htm ''The Invention Factory: Thomas Edison's Laboratories''] * {{Gutenberg|no=820|name=Edison, His Life and Inventions ''by Frank Lewis Dyer and Thomas Commerford Martin''}} * [http://edison.rutgers.edu/ Rutgers: Edison Papers] * [http://www.edisonian.com/ Edisonian Museum Antique Electrics] * "[http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/edison/ Edison's Miracle of Light] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161204032415/http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/edison/ |date=2016-12-04 }}" * [http://www.thomasedison.org Edison Innovation Foundation] – [[Non-profit foundation]] supporting the legacy of Thomas Edison. * {{Find a Grave|grid=1630|name=Thomas Alva Edison}} * [http://www.hfha.org/HenryFord.htm#Ford-Edison-Firestone-Burroughs The Illustrious Vagabonds] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101221063324/http://www.hfha.org/HenryFord.htm#Ford-Edison-Firestone-Burroughs |date=2010-12-21 }} * [http://books.google.com/books?id=vuQDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA614&dq=Popular+Mechanics+1931+curtiss&hl=en&ei=sZj0TNiVFcPXngeTp8W2CQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CDMQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=Popular%20Mechanics%201931%20curtiss&f=true "The World's Greatest Inventor", October 1931, Popular Mechanics] detailed, illustrated article {{Commons category|Thomas Alva Edison}} [[Kategori:Tokoh Donya]] [[Kategori:Lair 1847]] [[Kategori:Wong Amérika Sarékat]] {{stub}} 618gxvp8dqucav32gvq32e42vmwi1mx Niels Bohr 0 17473 1759701 1633811 2026-11-02T18:45:57Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759701 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Kothak_Info_Èlmuwan | name = Niels Bohr | image = Niels Bohr.jpg | imagesize = 180px | birth_name = Niels Henrik David Bohr | birth_date = {{birth date|1885|10|7|df=y}} | birth_place = [[Copenhagen]], [[Dhènemarken]] | death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1962|11|18|1885|10|7}} | death_place = [[Copenhagen]], [[Dhènemarken]] | nationality = Dhènemarken | field = [[Fisika]] | alma_mater = [[University of Copenhagen]] | workplaces = [[University of Copenhagen]]<br /> [[University of Cambridge]] <br /> [[University of Manchester]] | doctoral_advisor = [[Christian Christiansen]] | academic_advisors = [[J. J. Thomson]]<br />[[Ernest Rutherford]] | doctoral_students = [[Hendrik Anthony Kramers]] | known_for = [[Copenhagen interpretation]]<br />[[complementarity (physics)|Complementarity]]<br />[[Bohr model]]<br />[[Sommerfeld–Bohr theory]]<br />[[BKS theory]]<br />[[Bohr-Einstein debates]]<br />[[Bohr magneton]] | influences = [[Ernest Rutherford]] | influenced = [[Werner Heisenberg]]<br />[[Wolfgang Pauli]]<br />[[Paul Dirac]]<br />[[Lise Meitner]]<br />[[Max Delbrück]]<br />and many others | awards = {{nowrap|[[Bebungah Nobel babagan Fisika]] (1922)<br />[[The Franklin Institute Awards|Franklin Medal]] (1929) }} | signature = Niels Bohr Signature.svg | footnotes = [[Harald Bohr]] punika rayi kakungipun, lan [[Aage Bohr]] punika putranipun. }} '''Niels Bohr''' ([[7 Oktober]] [[1885]]–[[18 November]] [[1962]]) yaiku ahli [[Fisika|ahli fisika]] saka [[Dhènemarken]] lan naté ngraih [[bebungah Nobel Fisika]] ana ing taun [[1922]]. Taun [[1913]] Bohr wis nerapaké konsèp [[mekanika kuantum]] kanggo model [[atom]] kang wis dikembangaké déning [[Ernest Rutherford]], kang nggambaraké yèn atom iku kasusun saka [[inti atom]] (nukleus) sing dikubengi déning orbit [[elektron]]. Putrané, [[Aage Niels Bohr]], uga naté nampa [[Bebungah Nobel]]. == Pranala njaba == {{wikiquote}} {{commons|Niels Henrik David Bohr}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130204204815/http://www.nba.nbi.dk/ Niels Bohr Archive] * [http://www.nobel-winners.com/Physics/niels_henrik_david_bohr.html Biografi di Nobel-Winners.com] {{Nobel Fisika}} {{authority control}} [[Kategori:Rintisan umum]] [[Kategori:Artikel Dhasar]] [[Kategori:Lair 1885]] [[Kategori:Pati 1962|Bohr, Niels]] [[Kategori:Winasis Dènmark|Bohr, Niels]] [[Kategori:Pamenang Bebungah Nobel babagan Fisika|Bohr, Niels]] {{bio-stub}} gx0e228yi0f6c0mxb6n8ejh40ihu9z6 Kuba 0 19744 1759656 1751290 2026-11-02T12:30:21Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759656 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox_Country |native_name = República de Cuba |common_name = Kuba |image_flag = Flag of Cuba.svg |image_coat = |image_map = LocationCuba.png |national_motto = Patria y Libertad<br />([[Bahasa Spanyol|Spanyol]]: "Tanah air dan Kemerdekaan") |national_anthem = [[La Bayamesa]] |official_languages = [[Bahasa Spanyol|Spanyol]] |capital = [[Havana]] |capitals_coordinates = [http://kvaleberg.com/extensions/mapsources/index.php?params=23_8_N_82_23_W_ 23°8' LU 82°23' BB] |largest_city = [[Havana]] |government_type = [[Kuminisme|Nagara kuminis]] |leader_titles = [[Dewan Nagara Kuba|Présidhèn Dewan Nagara]] <br /> [[Dewan Nagara Kuba|Pejabat Présidhèn Dewan Nagara]] |leader_names = [[Fidel Castro]] <br /> [[Raúl Castro]] (penjabat) |area_rank = 105 |area_magnitude = 1_E11 |area = 110.860 |percent_water = dapat dihiraukan |population_estimate = 11.217.1000 |population_estimate_year = 2006 |population_estimate_rank = 70 |population_census = 11.177.743 |population_census_year = 2002 |population_density = 102 |population_density_rank = 73 |GDP_PPP_year = 2005 |GDP_PPP = US$33,92 miliar |GDP_PPP_rank = 88 |GDP_PPP_per_capita = US$3.000 |GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 126 |sovereignty_type = [[Kemerdekaan]] |established_events = &nbsp;-Dari [[Spanyol]]<br /><br />&nbsp;-Sebagai Républik Kuba<br />&nbsp;-Tanggal yang diakui |established_dates = [[Perang Sepuluh Tahun]]<br />[[10 Oktober]] [[1868]]<br />[[Perang Spanyol-Amérika]]<br />[[20 Mèi]] [[1902]]<br />[[1 Januari]] [[1959]] |currency = [[Peso Kuba|Peso]] (<code>[[ISO 4217|CUP]]</code>),<!-- kludge to deal with fact that template expects only one currency per country --><br />[[Peso convertible]] <sup>1</sup> |currency_code = CUC |time_zone = |utc_offset =-5 |time_zone_DST = |utc_offset_DST =-4 |cctld =.cu |calling_code = 53 |footnotes= 1. Sebelum diganti dengan peso convertible, [[Dolar AS]] digunakan bersama peso sejak 1993 hingga 2004. }} '''Républik Kuba''' dumadi saka Pulo Kuba (pulo gedhé dhéwé ing Kapuloan [[Antilles Gedhé]]), [[Pulo Pemuda]] lan sawatara pulo cilik ing saubengé. Jeneng "Kuba" kabaré asal saka tembung sajeroning basa Taíno, ''cubanacán'', kang tegesé 'panggonan kang sentral'. Nagara iki dumunung ana ing [[Karibia]] Lor, ana ing partemon [[Sagara Karibia]], [[Lempongan Meksiko]] lan [[Samodra Atlantik]]. Ing sisih wétan-lor Kuba-udakara 144&nbsp;km-dumunung Praja [[Florida]], [[Amérika Sarékat]], lan [[Bahama]]. Ing sisih wétane dumunung [[Kapuloan Turks lan Caicos]] sarta [[Haiti]], sawatara ing sisih kulon dumunung nagara [[Meksiko]]. [[Kapuloan Cayman]] lan [[Jamaika]] ana ing sisih kidul saka pucuk wétané Kuba. Yèn dibandingaké karo Indonésia, jembaré Kuba kira-kira luwih cilik tinimbang jembaré Pulo [[Jawa]]. Kuba minangka nagara penghasil [[gula]] gedhé dhéwé ing donya sawisé [[Brasil]]. Sanajan gula minangka kasil utama ya iku 85% saka ekspor Kuba, nanging sing ndunungi dhéwé isih dadi konsumèn gula gedhé dhéwé sawisè [[Costa Rica]]. == Pamérangan admiistratif == {{utama|Provinsi Kuba}} Kuba dipérang dadi 14 provinsi lan siji munisipalitas mirunggan (''Pulo Pemuda''-[[Isla de la Juventud]]). Wiwitan [[abad angka 20]], Kuba mung dipérang dadi 6 provinsi. Pamérangan administratif wektu iki mèmper provinsi-provinsi militèr Spanyol samangsa Perang Kamardikan Kuba. {| align=center |colspan=4|[[Gambar:CubaSubdivisions.png|Peta pamérangan administratif Kuba]] |- |align=right|'''1''' |colspan=3|[[Isla de la Juventud]] (Pulo Pemuda) |- |align=right|'''2''' |[[Provinsi Pinar del Río|Pinar del Río]] |align=right|'''9''' |[[Provinsi Ciego de Ávila|Ciego de Ávila]] |- |align=right|'''3''' |[[Provinsi La Habana|La Habana]] (Havana) |align=right|'''10''' |[[Provinsi Camagüey|Camagüey]] |- |align=right|'''4''' |[[Provinsi Ciudad de La Habana|Ciudad de la Habana]] (Kutha Havana) |align=right|'''11''' |[[Provinsi Las Tunas|Las Tunas]] |- |align=right|'''5''' |[[Provinsi Matanzas|Matanzas]] |align=right| '''12''' |[[Provinsi Granma|Granma]] |- |align=right|'''6''' |[[Provinsi Cienfuegos|Cienfuegos]] |align=right|'''13''' |[[Provinsi Holguín|Holguín]] |- |align=right|'''7''' |[[Provinsi Villa Clara|Villa Clara]] |align=right|'''14''' |[[Provinsi Santiago de Cuba|Santiago de Cuba]] |- |align=right|'''8''' |[[Provinsi Sancti Spíritus|Sancti Spíritus]] |align=right|'''15''' |[[Provinsi Guantánamo|Guantánamo]] |} == Uga delengen == * [[Pratélan nagara]] * [[Pratélan nagara miturut bawana]] * [[Pratélan lagu kabangsan]] == Pranala njaba == * [http://www.caribbeannetnews.com/cuba/cuba.htm Caribbean Net News] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071121141701/http://www.caribbeannetnews.com/cuba/cuba.htm |date=2007-11-21 }}-(Daily Caribbean news—Cuba.) * [http://cuba.alivepages.com Information about Cuba] — Culture, history, demography, geography, religion, etc. * [http://www.onu.edu/cuba Center for Cuban Business Studies] — The Cuba Center at Ohio Northern University * [http://www.webhavana.com/CubaMaps/index.php Cuba Maps] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091031085202/http://www.webhavana.com/CubaMaps/index.php |date=2009-10-31 }} — Maps of all the provinces of Cuba, and maps of the major cities. * [http://www.cubamusic.biz Cubamusic] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070825033241/http://www.cubamusic.biz/ |date=2007-08-25 }} — All about Cuban music * [http://www.cubanet.org/cubanews.html CUBANET] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070106123456/http://www.cubanet.org/cubanews.html |date=2007-01-06 }} — An anti-Castro site including news articles from Cuba's independent journalists and a digest of Cuban news by international newspapers * [https://web.archive.org/web/20041229203155/http://www.cubaencuentro.com/ Encuentro en la Red] — Independent news and cultural site on Cuban matters * [http://www.antanlontan-antilles.com/caribbean-postcards/cuba.htm Discover Cuba through a collection of old Photos & Vintage Postcards.] * [http://www.travel-impressions.de/cuba/cuba_mix/waves.htm Photos of people and Sights] * [http://www.cuba-pictures.com/ Cuba Pictures] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071126060514/http://www.cuba-pictures.com/ |date=2007-11-26 }} Photos from all 14 Cuban provinces, plus the city of Havana * [http://www.paseosporlahabana.com/ Paseos por La Habana] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090304023455/http://paseosporlahabana.com/ |date=2009-03-04 }} Havana guide (in Spanish) and travel information. Details of culture, history, traditions, routes, hotèls, restaurants and bars. * [http://www.kuba-cuba.com/english.html Link guide to Cuba.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060618174749/http://www.kuba-cuba.com/english.html |date=2006-06-18 }} Discover Cuba through a collection of sorted links. * [http://www.cubaaidsproject.com Cuba AIDS Project] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140316123645/http://www.cubaaidsproject.com/ |date=2014-03-16 }} HIV and AIDS in Cuba * [http://www.cuba-linda.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230604082515/https://www.cuba-linda.com/ |date=2023-06-04 }} Cuba Linda french site * [http://www.infidels.org/library/historical/robert_ingersoll/spain_and_spaniard.html Spain and the Spaniard] A contemporary opinion of the Cuban uprising * [http://hdr.undp.org/statistics/data/country_fact_sheets/cty_fs_CUB.html UN HDI] — Human Development Index for Cuba from UN * [http://www.ifex.org/en/content/view/full/1033/ IFEX] — Freedom of expression in Cuba from [[IFEX]] * [http://www.quaylargo.com/Productions/McCelvey.html/ The Electoral process in Cuba] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060219153313/http://www.quaylargo.com/Productions/McCelvey.html/ |date=2006-02-19 }} — Democracy in Cuba * [http://www.cubaminrex.cu/English/61CDH/Complete%20texts/Cuba%B4s%20Political%20and%20Elections%20System.htm Cuba's Political and electoral system]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071201094447/http://www.cubaminrex.cu/English/61CDH/Complete%20texts/Cuba%B4s%20Political%20and%20Elections%20System.htm |date=2007-12-01 }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20020605233418/http://www.state.gov/p/wha/ci/c2461.htm U.S. Department of State] — Cuba, from the U.S. government's point of view * [http://www.cuban-store.com Todo de Cuba] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929150701/http://www.cuban-store.com/ |date=2007-09-29 }} Many informations about Cuba * [http://www.mi-cuba.de.to The Infoportal of Cuba] Information in English, French and German * [http://www.cubanet.org/ref/dis/const_92_e.htm The Cuban Constitution] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130517085739/http://www.cubanet.org/ref/dis/const_92_e.htm |date=2013-05-17 }} * [http://www.military.com/Content/MoreContent?file=PRhemingway] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060515014722/http://www.military.com/Content/MoreContent?file=PRhemingway |date=2006-05-15 }} Allinson, Sidney. Military History Undercover: Ernest Hemingway {{Commons|Category:Cuba}} {{Amérika Lèr}} [[Kategori:Kuba| ]] [[Kategori:Nagara kuminis]] {{geo-stub}} 163uwl116iwrtx8qjerir4hfsaklr8i Provinsi Viterbo 0 20189 1759735 1738824 2026-11-02T23:57:12Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759735 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox_ProvinceIT | fullname = Provinsi Viterbo| name = Viterbo| region = [[Lazio]] | capital = [[Viterbo]] | commune = 60 | area = 3,612 | population_as_of = (2005) | population = 299,830 | populationdensity = 83 | vehicle = VT | postal_code = 01100, 010xx | telephone_prefix = 0761, 0763, 0766, 06 | ISTAT = 056 | president = Alessandro Mazzoli | map = [[Gambar:Viterbo in Italy.svg|150px|]]| coatofarms = [[Gambar:Provincia di Viterbo-Stemma.png|120px]]| }} '''Viterbo''' ([[basa Italia]]: ''Provincia di Viterbo'') iku [[Provinsi Italia|provinsi]] ing ''regione'' [[Latium|Lazio]] ing [[Italia]]. Kutha krajané dumunung ana ing kutha [[Viterbo]]. Jembar wewengkon 3.612&nbsp;km², kanthi populasi 288.783 ([[2001]]). Ana 60 ''comune'' ing provinsi iki.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.upinet.it/indicatore.asp?id_statistiche=6 |title=''Istat'' |access-date=2007-12-18 |archive-date=2007-08-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070807094512/http://www.upinet.it/indicatore.asp?id_statistiche=6 |url-status=dead }}</ref>. == Komunitas (Comune) == {| class="wikitable" !''Comune'' !Populasi |- |[[Viterbo]] | align="right" |60,537 |- |[[Civita Castellana]] | align="right" |16,072 |- |[[Tarquinia]] | align="right" |15,910 |- |[[Monte Romano]] | align="right" |13,102 |- |[[Vetralla]] | align="right" |12,459 |- |[[Nepi]] | align="right" |8,438 |- |[[Soriano nel Cimino]] | align="right" |8,420 |- |[[Orte]] | align="right" |8,237 |- |[[Ronciglione]] | align="right" |8,177 |- |[[Montalto di Castro]] | align="right" |8,061 |- |[[Tuscania]] | align="right" |7,857 |- |[[Fabrica di Roma]] | align="right" |7,218 |- |[[Capranica (VT)|Capranica]] | align="right" |5,871 |- |[[Acquapendente]] | align="right" |5,771 |- |[[Sutri]] | align="right" |5,638 |- |[[Caprarola]] | align="right" |5,388 |- |[[Canino]] | align="right" |5,106 |- |[[Vignanello]] | align="right" |4,699 |- |[[Bassano Romano]] | align="right" |4,465 |- |[[Bolsena]] | align="right" |4,161 |- |} == Réferènsi == {{reflist}} == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071230161906/http://www.provincia.vt.it/ Situs Resmi] {{Latium}} {{Italia}} [[Kategori:Provinsi Italia|Viterbo]] fbgjufg711o0z0f3q65vd8czor8fhh6 Livorno 0 20282 1759672 1560624 2026-11-02T14:16:40Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759672 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox CityIT | img_coa = Livorno-Stemma.png| official_name = Comune Livorno| region = [[Toscana]] | provinsi = [[Provinsi Livorno|Livorno]] (LI)| elevation_m = 3| area_total_km2 = 104| population_as_of = 2015| population_total = 159431| population_density_km2 = 1424| timezone = [[Central European Time|CET]], [[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]]+1 | coordinates = {{coor dm|43|33|N|10|19|E}}| frazioni = Ardenza, Antignano, Montenero, Castellaccio, Gorgona, Quercianella| telephone = 0586| postalcode = 57100| gentilic = Livornesi, poetically Labronici| saint = [[Santa Giulia da Corsica]]| day = [[22 Mèi]] | mayor = Filippo Nogarin| website = [http://www.comune.livorno.it www.comune.livorno.it] | }} '''Livorno''' iku sawijining [[kutha]] kang dumunung ing sisih kulon [[Italia]]. Sing ndunungi ana 146.000 jiwa ([[2005]]). == Kutha kembar == * [[Gambar:Flag of Israèl.svg|20px]] [[Bat Yam]] ([[Israèl]]) * [[Gambar:Flag of Spain.svg|20px]] [[Guadalajara, Spain|Guadalajara]] ([[Spanyol]]) * [[Gambar:Flag of Vietnam.svg|20px]] [[Haiphong]] ([[Vietnam]]) * [[Gambar:Flag of Russia.svg|20px]] [[Novorossiysk]] ([[Ruslan]]) == Tokoh misuwur == * [[Mario Ancona]] (1860-1931), opera bariton * [[Chaim Joseph David Azulai]] (1724-1807), prolific Rabbinc scholar * [[Andrea Baldini]] (born 1985), juru main anggar * [[Leonetto Cappiello]] (1875-1942), pelukis * [[Giorgio Caproni]] (1912-1990), penyair * [[Carlo Azeglio Ciampi]] (born 1920), mantan Présidhèn Italia * [[Piero Ciampi]] (1934-1980), pemusik * [[Galeazzo Ciano]] (1903-1944), Mantan Menlu Italia * [[Giovanni Fattori]] (1825-1908), pelukis * [[Voltolino Fontani]] (1920-1976), pelukis * [[Francesco Domenico Guerrazzi]] (1804-1873), penulis lan politisi * [[Cristiano Lucarelli]] (born 1975), juru main bola * [[Pietro Mascagni]] (1863-1945), opera composer * [[Matteo Mazzantini]] (born 1976), juru main rugby * [[Amedeo Modigliani]] (1884-1920), pelukis lan pematung * [[Aldo Montano]] (born 1978), juru main anggar, pemenang medhali emas Olympiade == Gladri == <gallery> Image:Livornoveneziavecchia0001.jpg|Venice district Image:Livorno FossoReale.JPG|Grand Canal Image:Livorno-Fortezzavecchia2.JPG|Old Fortress Image:Livorno-Fortezzanuova3.JPG|New Fortress Image:Livorno Duomo.JPG|[[Duomo]] of Livorno Image:Castello Sonnino.jpg|Castle of Baron Sidney Sonnino Image:Livorno, Monumento dei quattro mori a Ferdinando II (1626) - Foto Giovanni Dall'Orto, 13-4-2006 01.jpg|Monumento dei Quattro Mori Image:Livorno02.jpg|Piazza della Repubblica </gallery> == Pranala njaba == {{commons|Livorno}} * [http://www.comune.livorno.it/ Municipal website] {{it icon}} * [http://www.holiday-apartment-tuscany.net/tuscany_travel_guide/livorno.htm Livorno] * [http://www.italianvisits.com/tuscany/livorno/ ItalianVisits.com] * [http://www.fotolivorno.net Photographic map of Livorno] {{it icon}}{{en icon}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070305121222/http://dewey.library.upenn.edu/sceti/ljs/PageLevel/view.cfm?option=view&ManID=ljs379 Ferdinando I De Medici, Document Inviting Jewish Merchants to Settle in Livorno and Pisa, in Italian, Manuscript on Vellum, Florence, Italy, 10 June 1593 (fac-simile)] {{Toscana}} {{Provinsi Livorno}} {{Italia}} [[Kategori:Kutha ing Itali]] [[Kategori:Itali]] [[Kategori:Toscana]] {{geo-stub}} f1rf2cnmwq9t705s71nnljd41zt1m29 Priština 0 22339 1759733 1665527 2026-11-02T23:43:41Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759733 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement <!--See the Table at Infobox settlement for all fields and descriptions of usage--> <!-- Basic info -> |name =Pristina |official_name= Pristina<br />Prishtina / Prishtinë<br />Приштина / Priština<br /> |settlement_type =[[Munisipalitas]] dan [[kota]] |other_name = <!-- images and maps --> |image_skyline = Prishtina City - Kosovo - 01.jpg |imagesize = 300px |image_caption = '''Sesawangan Pristina''' |image_flag = |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_shield = |shield_size = |image_blank_emblem = |blank_emblem_type = |blank_emblem_size = |image_map = |mapsize = |map_caption = |pushpin_map = Kosovo |pushpin_label_position = above |pushpin_mapsize = |pushpin_map_caption = Lokasi di Kosovo <!-- Location > |coordinates_region = RS-KM |subdivision_type = Nagara |subdivision_name = [[Kosovo]]<ref name="Kosovo-note">{{Kosovo-note}}</ref> |subdivision_type1 = [[Distrik di Kosovo|Distrik]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Distrik di Pristina]] |subdivision_type2 = |subdivision_name2 = <!-- Politics --> |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |established_title = |established_date = <!-- Area > |area_magnitude = |unit_pref = |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2=854 <!-- ALL fields dealing with a measurements are subject to automatic unit conversion--> |area_land_km2 = <!--See table @ Template:Infobox settlement for details on automatic unit conversion--> |area_water_km2 = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = <!-- Population --> |population_as_of = 2011 |population_footnotes = |population_note = |population_total = 198,214 |population_density_km2 = auto |population_density_sq_mi = auto |population_metro = 465,186 (2011 Census) |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_density_metro_sq_mi = |population_urban = |population_density_urban_km2 = |population_density_urban_sq_mi = <!-- General information > |timezone = [[Waktu Éropah Tengah|CET]] |utc_offset = +1 |timezone_DST =[[Waktu Musim Panas Éropah Tengah|CEST]] |utc_offset_DST = +2 |latd =42 |latm =40|lats =| latNS = N |longd =21 |longm =10 |longs =| longEW = E |elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use tags--> |elevation_m =652 |elevation_ft = <!-- Area/postal codes & others --> |postal_code_type = <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... --> |postal_code =10000 |area_code = +383 38 |blank_name = |blank_info = |blank1_name = |blank1_info = |website = [http://www.prishtina-komuna.org/ Municipality of Pristina] {{sq icon}} |footnotes = }} '''Priština''' iku [[kutha krajan]] lan [[kutha]] gedhé dhéwé ing [[Kosovo]]. Kutha iki dumunung ing sisih kidul nagara iki. Kutha Priština duwèni sing ndunungi 600.000 jiwa ([[2000]]) kanthi kapadhetan 661 jiwa/km². Kutha iki duwé mayoritas sing ndunungi ètnis Albania. Kutha iki ngubungaké papan anggegana utama [[Papan Anggegana Internasional Priština]] lan [[Universitas Priština]]. [[Gambar:Prishtinë 2006.PNG|thumb|Lokasi Priština ing Kosovo]] [[Gambar:Hotèl_Grandi_në_Prishtinë,_Kosovë_-_20050604.jpg|thumb|200px|Grand Hotèl]] == Kutha kembar == * [[Ankara]], [[Turki]] ==Cathetan suku== {{reflist}} == Pranala njaba == * [http://www.inyourpocket.com/kosovo/pristina/en/ Priština] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061205224621/http://www.inyourpocket.com/kosovo/pristina/en/ |date=2006-12-05 }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071221224620/http://www.prishtina-komuna.org/ Situs resmi Priština] * {{wikivoyage|Pristina}} * [http://www.uni-pr.edu/ Universitas Priština] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080907142817/http://uni-pr.edu/ |date=2008-09-07 }} * [http://www.airportpristina.com/ Priština Airport] * [http://www.rrethi.com Peta Interaktif Priština] [[Kategori:Kutha ing Kosovo]] {{nagara-geo-stub|Kosovo}} 2igwofoghjn6i321v7y2cc13qqdjhcd Pratélan kutha gedhé ing Jepang 0 23643 1759732 1759463 2026-11-02T23:14:34Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759732 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Orphan|date=Maret 2016}} '''Pratélan''' [[kutha]] ing [[nagara]] [[Jepang]]. __NOTOC__ {|border=0 class="toccolours plainlinks" |- valign="top" ! {{MediaWiki:Toc}}: |[[#top|top]] - [[#Aichi|Aichi]] - [[#Akita|Akita]] - [[#Aomori|Aomori]] - [[#Chiba|Chiba]] - [[#Ehime|Ehime]] - [[#Fukui|Fukui]] - [[#Fukuoka|Fukuoka]] - [[#Fukushima|Fukushima]] - [[#Gifu|Gifu]] - [[#Gunma|Gunma]] - [[#Hiroshima|Hiroshima]] - [[#Hokkaidō|Hokkaidō]] - [[#Hyōgo|Hyōgo]] - [[#Ibaraki|Ibaraki]] - [[#Ishikawa|Ishikawa]] - [[#Iwate|Iwate]] - [[#Kagawa|Kagawa]] - [[#Kagoshima|Kagoshima]] - [[#Kanagawa|Kanagawa]] - [[#Kōchi|Kōchi]] - [[#Kumamoto|Kumamoto]] - [[#Kyoto|Kyoto]] - [[#Mi|Mi]] - [[#Miyagi|Miyagi]] - [[#Miyazaki|Miyazaki]] - [[#Nagano|Nagano]] - [[#Nagasaki|Nagasaki]] - [[#Nara|Nara]] - [[#Niigata|Niigata]] - [[#Ōita|Ōita]] - [[#Okayama|Okayama]] - [[#Okinawa|Okinawa]] - [[#Osaka|Osaka]] - [[#Saga|Saga]] - [[#Saitama|Saitama]] - [[#Shiga|Shiga]] - [[#Shimane|Shimane]] - [[#Shizuoka|Shizuoka]] - [[#Tochigi|Tochigi]] - [[#Tokushima|Tokushima]] - [[#Tokyo|Tokyo]] - [[#Tottori|Tottori]] - [[#Toyama|Toyama]] - [[#Wakayama|Wakayama]] - [[#Yamagata|Yamagata]] - [[#Yamaguchi|Yamaguchi]] - [[#Yamanashi|Yamanashi]] |} == Aichi == * population:2008-01-01<ref>[http://www.pref.aichi.jp/toukei/ 月報 あいちの人口]. Toyokawa's data is adopted the total of Otowa, Mito, and Toyokawa before the recent merger.</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! Jeneng kutha !! Padunung !! Amba !! Kapadhetan !! Pangadegan !! Situs wèb resmi |- |align="left"|[[Nagoya, Aichi|Nagoya]]||2,239,464||326.45||6,860||1889-10-01||[http://www.city.nagoya.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Toyohashi, Aichi|Toyohashi]]||377,045||261.35||1,443||1906-08-01||[http://www.city.toyohashi.aichi.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100309065441/http://www.city.toyohashi.aichi.jp/ |date=2010-03-09 }} |- |align="left"|[[Okazaki, Aichi|Okazaki]]||371,380||387.24||959||1916-07-01||[http://www.city.okazaki.aichi.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100107142409/http://www.city.okazaki.aichi.jp/tagengo/pgide/guide_en/index_e.html |date=2010-01-07 }} |- |align="left"|[[Ichinomiya, Aichi|Ichinomiya]]||375,939||113.91||3,300||1921-09-01||[http://www.city.ichinomiya.aichi.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Seto, Aichi|Seto]]||132,311||111.61||1,185||1929-10-01||[http://www.city.seto.aichi.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Handa, Aichi|Handa]]||117,927||47.24||2,496||1937-10-01||[http://www.city.handa.aichi.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071011065058/http://www.city.handa.aichi.jp/joho/shigoto/welcometohanda/e-shichou/index.shtml |date=2007-10-11 }} |- |align="left"|[[Kasugai, Aichi|Kasugai]]||300,713||92.71||3,244||1943-06-01||[http://www.city.kasugai.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Toyokawa, Aichi|Toyokawa]]||161,595||150.71||1,072||1943-06-01||[http://www.city.toyokawa.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Tsushima, Aichi]]||65,646||25.08||2,617||1947-03-01||[http://www.city.tsushima.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Hekinan, Aichi|Hekinan]]||73,024||35.86||2,036||1948-04-05||[http://www.city.hekinan.aichi.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kariya, Aichi|Kariya]]||145,117||50.45||2,876||1950-04-01||[http://www.city.kariya.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Toyota, Aichi|Toyota]]||420,286||918.47||458||1951-03-01||[http://www.city.toyota.aichi.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Anjo</span>[[Anjō, Aichi|Anjō]]||176,046||86.01||2,047||1952-05-05||[http://www.city.anjo.aichi.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Nishio, Aichi|Nishio]]||106,643||75.78||1,407||1953-12-15||[http://www.city.nishio.aichi.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Gamagori</span>[[Gamagōri, Aichi|Gamagōri]]||82,264||56.81||1,448||1954-04-01||[http://www.city.gamagori.aichi.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927225813/http://www.city.gamagori.aichi.jp/ |date=2007-09-27 }} |- |align="left"|[[Inuyama, Aichi|Inuyama]]||75,304||74.97||1,004||1954-04-01||[http://www.city.inuyama.aichi.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Tokoname, Aichi|Tokoname]]||52,837||55.63||950||1954-04-01||[http://www.city.tokoname.aichi.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Konan</span>[[Kōnan, Aichi]]||100,064||30.17||3,317||1954-06-01||[http://www.city.konan.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Komaki, Aichi|Komaki]]||149,060||62.82||2,373||1955-01-01||[http://www.city.komaki.aichi.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Inazawa, Aichi|Inazawa]]||137,475||79.30||1,734||1958-11-01||[http://www.city.inazawa.aichi.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Tokai</span>[[Tōkai, Aichi|Tōkai]]||106,708||43.36||2,461||1969-04-01||[http://www.city.tokai.aichi.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Obu</span>[[Ōbu, Aichi|Ōbu]]||83,097||33.68||2,467||1970-09-01||[http://www.city.obu.aichi.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Chita, Aichi|Chita]]||84,782||45.43||1,866||1970-09-01||[http://www.city.chita.aichi.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Chiryu</span>[[Chiryū, Aichi|Chiryū]]||68,216||16.34||4,175||1970-12-01||[http://www.city.chiryu.aichi.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Owariasahi, Aichi|Owariasahi]]||79,197||21.03||3,766||1970-12-01||[http://www.city.owariasahi.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Takahama, Aichi|Takahama]]||43,467||13.00||3,344||1970-12-01||[http://www.city.takahama.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Iwakura, Aichi|Iwakura]]|||48,042||10.49||4,580||1971-12-01||[http://www.city.iwakura.aichi.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Toyoake, Aichi|Toyoake]]||69,124||23.18||2,982||1972-08-01||[http://www.city.toyoake.aichi.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031010071331/http://www.city.toyoake.aichi.jp/ |date=2003-10-10 }} |- |align="left"|[[Nisshin, Aichi|Nisshin]]||80,921||34.90||2,319||1994-10-01||[http://www.city.nisshin.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Tahara, Aichi|Tahara]]||66,698||188.81||353||2003-08-20||[http://www.city.tahara.aichi.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Aisai, Aichi|Aisai]]||65,481||66.63||983||2005-04-01||[http://www.city.aisai.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kiyosu, Aichi|Kiyosu]]||56,635||13.31||4,255||2005-07-07||[http://www.city.kiyosu.aichi.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Shinshiro, Aichi|Shinshiro]]||51,326||499.00||103||2005-10-01||[http://www.city.shinshiro.lg.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071024121645/http://www.city.shinshiro.lg.jp/ |date=2007-10-24 }} |- |align="left"|[[Kitanagoya, Aichi|Kitanagoya]]||80,112||18.37||4,361||2006-03-20||[http://www.city.kitanagoya.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Yatomi, Aichi|Yatomi]]||43,145||48.92||882||2006-04-01||[http://www.city.yatomi.aichi.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060509222602/http://city.yatomi.aichi.jp/ |date=2006-05-09 }} |} == Akita == * population:2008-01-01<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pref.akita.lg.jp/icity/browser?ActionCode=content&ContentID=1132639874531&SiteID=0 |title={{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071018231802/ |date=2007-10-18 }} 美の国あきたネット &#91;秋田県の人口と世帯(月報)過去データ&#93;<!-- Bot generated title --> |access-date=2008-04-03 |archive-date=2007-10-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071018231802/http://www.pref.akita.lg.jp/icity/browser?ActionCode=content&ContentID=1132639874531&SiteID=0 |url-status=dead }}</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! City name !! Population !! Area !! Density !! Founded !! Homepage |- |align="left"|[[Akita, Akita|Akita]]||329,287||905.67||364||1889-04-01||[http://www.city.akita.akita.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Odate</span>[[Ōdate, Akita|Ōdate]]||80,587||913.70||88.2||1951-04-01||[http://www.city.odate.akita.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kazuno, Akita|Kazuno]]||35,543||707.34||50.2||1972-04-01||[http://www.city.kazuno.akita.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Daisen, Akita|Daisen]]||91,143||866.67||105||2005-03-22||[http://www.city.daisen.akita.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126235821/http://www.city.daisen.akita.jp/ |date=2021-01-26 }} |- |align="left"|[[Katagami, Akita|Katagami]]||35,460||97.96||362||2005-03-22||[http://www.city.katagami.akita.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100326092156/http://www.city.katagami.akita.jp/ |date=2010-03-26 }} |- |align="left"|[[Kitaakita, Akita|Kitaakita]]||38,543||1,152.57||33.4||2005-03-22||[http://www.city.kitaakita.akita.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Oga, Akita|Oga]]||34,194||240.80||142||2005-03-22||[http://www2.city.oga.akita.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071210214619/http://www2.city.oga.akita.jp/ |date=2007-12-10 }} |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Yurihonjo</span>[[Yurihonjō, Akita|Yurihonjō]]||87,525||1,209.04||72.4||2005-03-22||[http://www.city.yurihonjo.akita.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Yuzawa, Akita|Yuzawa]]||53,588||790.72||67.8||2005-03-22||[http://www.city-yuzawa.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Semboku, Akita|Semboku]]||30,885||1,093.64||28.2||2005-09-20||[http://www.city.semboku.akita.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Yokote, Akita|Yokote]]||101,234||693.60||146||2005-10-01||[http://www.city.yokote.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Nikaho, Akita|Nikaho]]||28,422||240.61||118||2005-10-01||[http://www.city.nikaho.akita.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Noshiro, Akita|Noshiro]]||61,295||426.74||144||2006-03-21||[http://www.city.noshiro.akita.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191230153645/http://www.city.noshiro.akita.jp/ |date=2019-12-30 }} |} == Aomori == * population:2008-01-01<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pref.aomori.lg.jp/tokei/major/jinko.html |title=青森県人口移動統計調査 |access-date=2008-04-03 |archive-date=2015-09-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924115557/http://www.pref.aomori.lg.jp/tokei/major/jinko.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! City name !! Population !! Area !! Density !! Founded !! Homepage |- |align="left"|[[Hachinohe, Aomori|Hachinohe]]||241,613||305.17||792||1929-05-01||[http://www.city.hachinohe.aomori.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kuroishi, Aomori|Kuroishi]]||37,585||216.96||173||1954-07-01||[http://www.net.pref.aomori.jp/kuroishi/] |- |align="left"|[[Misawa, Aomori|Misawa]]||42,535||119.97||355||1958-09-01||[http://www.net.pref.aomori.jp/misawa/] |- |align="left"|[[Mutsu, Aomori|Mutsu]]||62,220||863.79||72.0||1959-09-01||[http://www.city.mutsu.aomori.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120814123142/http://www.city.mutsu.aomori.jp/ |date=2012-08-14 }} |- |align="left"|[[Towada, Aomori|Towada]]||66,834||688.60||97.1||2005-01-01||[http://www.net.pref.aomori.jp/city/towada/index.html] |- |align="left"|[[Tsugaru, Aomori|Tsugaru]]||38,919||253.85||153||2005-02-11||[http://www.city.tsugaru.aomori.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Goshogawara, Aomori|Goshogawara]]||60,788||404.58||150||2005-03-28||[http://www.goshogawara.net.pref.aomori.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070113011255/http://www.goshogawara.net.pref.aomori.jp/ |date=2007-01-13 }} |- |align="left"|[[Aomori, Aomori|Aomori]]||305,884||824.52||371||2005-04-01||[http://www.city.aomori.aomori.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Hirakawa, Aomori|Hirakawa]]||34,638||345.81||100||2006-01-01||[http://www.city.hirakawa.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Hirosaki, Aomori|Hirosaki]]||185,865||523.60||355||2006-02-27||[http://www.city.hirosaki.aomori.jp/] |} == Chiba == * population:2008-01-01<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pref.chiba.lg.jp/syozoku/b_toukei/joujuujinkou/census-j.html |title=毎月常住人口調査月報インデックス<!-- Bot generated title --> |access-date=2008-04-03 |archive-date=2007-10-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071014143831/http://www.pref.chiba.lg.jp/syozoku/b_toukei/joujuujinkou/census-j.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! City name !! Population !! Area !! Density !! Founded !! Homepage |- |align="left"|[[Chiba, Chiba|Chiba]]||938,695||272.08||3,450||1921-01-01||[http://www.city.chiba.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Choshi</span>[[Chōshi, Chiba|Chōshi]]||72,348||83.91||862||1933-02-11||[http://www.city.choshi.chiba.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Ichikawa, Chiba|Ichikawa]]||470,149||57.40||8,191||1934-11-03||[http://www.city.ichikawa.chiba.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200425105135/http://www.city.ichikawa.chiba.jp/ |date=2020-04-25 }} |- |align="left"|[[Funabashi, Chiba|Funabashi]]||586,762||85.64||6,851||1937-04-01||[http://www.city.funabashi.chiba.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061214030110/http://www.city.funabashi.chiba.jp/koho/eng/index.htm |date=2006-12-14 }} |- |align="left"|[[Tateyama, Chiba|Tateyama]]||49,987||110.21||454||1939-11-03||[http://www.city.tateyama.chiba.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kisarazu, Chiba|Kisarazu]]||123,743||138.73||892||1942-11-03||[http://www.city.kisarazu.chiba.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Matsudo, Chiba|Matsudo]]||477,603||61.33||7,787||1943-04-01||[http://www.city.matsudo.chiba.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Noda, Chiba|Noda]]||153,422||103.54||1,482||1950-05-03||[http://www.city.noda.chiba.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Mobara, Chiba|Mobara]]||93,032||100.01||930||1952-04-01||[http://www.city.mobara.chiba.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Narita, Chiba|Narita]]||124,773||213.84||583||1954-03-31||[http://www.city.narita.chiba.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Sakura, Chiba]]||171,472||103.59||1,655||1954-03-31||[http://www.city.sakura.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Togane</span>[[Tōgane, Chiba|Tōgane]]||61,591||89.34||689||1954-04-01||[http://www.city.togane.chiba.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Narashino, Chiba|Narashino]]||159,758||20.99||7,611||1954-08-01||[http://www.city.narashino.chiba.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kashiwa, Chiba|Kashiwa]]||389,036||114.90||3,386||1954-09-01||[http://www.city.kashiwa.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Katsuura, Chiba|Katsuura]]||21,413||94.20||227||1958-10-01||[http://www.city.katsuura.chiba.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031011174244/http://www.city.katsuura.chiba.jp/ |date=2003-10-11 }} |- |align="left"|[[Ichihara, Chiba|Ichihara]]||279,591||368.20||759||1963-05-01||[http://www.city.ichihara.chiba.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Nagareyama, Chiba|Nagareyama]]||156,686||35.28||4,441||1967-01-01||[http://www.city.nagareyama.chiba.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Yachiyo, Chiba|Yachiyo]]||184,655||51.27||3,602||1967-01-01||[http://www.city.yachiyo.chiba.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071023065947/http://www.city.yachiyo.chiba.jp/ |date=2007-10-23 }} |- |align="left"|[[Abiko, Chiba|Abiko]]||133,533||43.19||3,092||1970-07-01||[http://www.city.abiko.chiba.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kamagaya, Chiba|Kamagaya]]||104,564||21.11||4,953||1971-09-01||[http://www.city.kamagaya.chiba.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kimitsu, Chiba|Kimitsu]]||89,350||318.83||280||1971-09-01||[http://www.city.kimitsu.chiba.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100617020736/http://www.city.kimitsu.chiba.jp/ |date=2010-06-17 }} |- |align="left"|[[Futtsu, Chiba|Futtsu]]||48,973||205.35||238||1971-09-01||[http://www.city.futtsu.chiba.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060217111505/http://www.city.futtsu.chiba.jp/ |date=2006-02-17 }} |- |align="left"|[[Urayasu, Chiba|Urayasu]]||159,312||17.29||9,214||1981-04-01||[http://www.city.urayasu.chiba.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130121214957/http://www.city.urayasu.chiba.jp/ |date=2013-01-21 }} |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Yotsukaido</span>[[Yotsukaidō, Chiba|Yotsukaidō]]||85,738||34.70||2,471||1981-04-01||[http://www.city.yotsukaido.chiba.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Sodegaura, Chiba|Sodegaura]]||59,443||94.92||626||1991-04-01||[http://www.city.sodegaura.chiba.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030806000844/http://www.city.sodegaura.chiba.jp/ |date=2003-08-06 }} |- |align="left"|[[Yachimata, Chiba|Yachimata]]||75,369||74.87||1,007||1992-04-01||[http://www.city.yachimata.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Inzai, Chiba|Inzai]]||60,280||53.51||1,127||1996-04-01||[http://www.city.inzai.chiba.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030920011457/http://www.city.inzai.chiba.jp/ |date=2003-09-20 }} |- |align="left"|[[Shiroi, Chiba|Shiroi]]||57,151||35.41||1,614||2001-04-01||[http://city.shiroi.chiba.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030927182101/http://city.shiroi.chiba.jp/ |date=2003-09-27 }} |- |align="left"|[[Tomisato, Chiba|Tomisato]]||51,590||53.91||957||2002-04-01||[http://www.city.tomisato.chiba.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050822172721/http://www.city.tomisato.chiba.jp/ |date=2005-08-22 }} |- |align="left"|[[Kamogawa, Chiba|Kamogawa]]||35,792||191.30||187||2005-02-11||[http://www.city.kamogawa.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Asahi, Chiba|Asahi]]||69,971||129.91||539||2005-07-01||[http://www.city.asahi.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Isumi, Chiba|Isumi]]||41,605||157.50||264||2005-12-05||[http://www.city.isumi.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Sosa</span>[[Sōsa, Chiba|Sōsa]]||41,361||101.78||406||2006-01-23||[http://www.city.sosa.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Minamiboso</span>[[Minamibōsō, Chiba|Minamibōsō]]||43,553||230.22||189||2006-03-20||[http://www.city.minamiboso.chiba.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Katori, Chiba|Katori]]||85,193||262.31||325||2006-03-27||[http://www.city.katori.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Sanmu, Chiba|Sanmu]]||57,806||146.38||395||2006-03-27||[http://www.city.sammu.lg.jp/] |} == Ehime == * population:2008-01-01<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pref.ehime.jp/toukeibox/toukeika-01.htm |title=愛媛県統計BOX 推計人口 |access-date=2008-04-03 |archive-date=2008-03-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080308113720/http://www.pref.ehime.jp/toukeibox/toukeika-01.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! City name !! Population !! Area !! Density !! Founded !! Homepage |- |align="left"|[[Matsuyama, Ehime|Matsuyama]]||515,068||429.03||1,201||1889-12-15||[http://www.city.matsuyama.ehime.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Niihama, Ehime|Niihama]]||123,329||234.30||526||1937-11-03||[http://www.city.niihama.ehime.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Shikokuchuo</span>[[Shikokuchūō, Ehime|Shikokuchūō]]||91,688||420.10||218||2004-04-01||[http://www.city.shikokuchuo.ehime.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Seiyo, Ehime|Seiyo]]||43,476||514.79||84.5||2004-04-01||[http://www.city.seiyo.ehime.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Toon</span>[[Tōon, Ehime|Tōon]]||35,517||211.45||168||2004-09-21||[http://www.city.toon.ehime.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Saijo</span>[[Saijō, Ehime|Saijō]]||112,543||509.05||221||2004-11-01||[http://www.city.saijo.ehime.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Ozu</span>[[Ōzu, Ehime|Ōzu]]||49,543||432.20||115||2005-01-11||[http://www.city.ozu.ehime.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Imabari, Ehime|Imabari]]||170,986||419.85||407||2005-01-16||[http://www.city.imabari.ehime.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Yawatahama, Ehime|Yawatahama]]||40,010||132.98||301||2005-03-28||[http://www.city.yawatahama.ehime.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Iyo, Ehime|Iyo]]||38,890||194.47||200||2005-04-01||[http://www.city.iyo.ehime.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061214045746/http://www.city.iyo.ehime.jp/ |date=2006-12-14 }} |- |align="left"|[[Uwajima, Ehime|Uwajima]]||86,819||469.52||185||2005-08-01||[http://www.city.uwajima.ehime.jp/] |} == Fukui == * population:2008-01-01<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://toukei.pref.fukui.jp/www/toppage/0000000000000/APM03000.html |title=福井県の人口と世帯(推計) |access-date=2008-04-03 |archive-date=2008-02-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080214003845/http://toukei.pref.fukui.jp/www/toppage/0000000000000/APM03000.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! City name !! Population !! Area !! Density !! Founded !! Homepage |- |align="left"|[[Fukui, Fukui|Fukui]]||268,574||536.17||501||1889-04-01||[http://www.city.fukui.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Tsuruga, Fukui|Tsuruga]]||68,188||250.75||272||1937-04-01||[http://www.ton21.ne.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220201023841/http://www.ton21.ne.jp/ |date=2022-02-01 }} |- |align="left"|[[Obama, Fukui|Obama]]||31,486||232.86||135||1951-03-30||[http://www.city.obama.fukui.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051013061933/http://www.city.obama.fukui.jp/ |date=2005-10-13 }} |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Ono</span>[[Ōno, Fukui]]||36,763||872.30||42.1||1954-07-01||[http://www.city.ono.fukui.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Katsuyama, Fukui|Katsuyama]]||26,333||253.68||104||1954-09-01||[http://www.city.katsuyama.fukui.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Sabae, Fukui|Sabae]]||67,430||84.75||796||1955-01-15||[http://www.city.sabae.fukui.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Awara, Fukui|Awara]]||30,765||116.99||263||2004-03-01||[http://www.city.awara.fukui.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090413055722/http://www.city.awara.fukui.jp/ |date=2009-04-13 }} |- |align="left"|[[Echizen, Fukui|Echizen]]||87,116||230.75||378||2005-10-01||[http://www.city.echizen.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Sakai, Fukui]]||92,420||209.91||440||2006-03-20||[http://www.city.fukui-sakai.lg.jp/] |} == Fukuoka == * population:2008-01-01<ref>http://www.toukei.pref.fukuoka.jp/search/1/1004.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080205185609/http://www.toukei.pref.fukuoka.jp/search/1/1004.html |date=2008-02-05 }} 月報「福岡県の人口と世帯(推計)」</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! City name !! Population !! Area !! Density !! Founded !! Homepage |- |align="left"|[[Fukuoka, Fukuoka|Fukuoka]]||1,430,371||340.96||4,195||1889-04-01||[http://www.city.fukuoka.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kurume, Fukuoka|Kurume]]||305,147||229.84||1,328||1889-04-01||[http://www.city.kurume.fukuoka.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Omuta</span>[[Ōmuta, Fukuoka|Ōmuta]]||127,474||81.55||1,563||1917-03-01||[http://www.city.omuta.fukuoka.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050112081211/http://www.city.omuta.fukuoka.jp/ |date=2005-01-12 }} |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Nogata</span>[[Nōgata, Fukuoka|Nōgata]]||57,319||61.78||928||1931-01-01||[https://web.archive.org/web/20120716234634/http://www.city.nogata.fukuoka.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Tagawa, Fukuoka|Tagawa]]||50,484||54.52||926||1943-11-03||[http://www.joho.tagawa.fukuoka.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Yanagawa, Fukuoka|Yanagawa]]||72,798||76.90||947||1952-04-01||[http://www.city.yanagawa.fukuoka.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Yame, Fukuoka|Yame]]||42,241||98.66||428||1954-04-01||[http://www.city.yame.fukuoka.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Chikugo, Fukuoka|Chikugo]]||48,281||41.85||1,154||1954-04-01||[http://www.city.chikugo.fukuoka.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050911043927/http://www.city.chikugo.fukuoka.jp/ |date=2005-09-11 }} |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Okawa</span>[[Ōkawa, Fukuoka|Ōkawa]]||38,266||33.61||1,139||1954-04-01||[http://www.city.okawa.fukuoka.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Yukuhashi, Fukuoka|Yukuhashi]]||70,064||69.83||1,003||1954-10-10||[http://www.city.yukuhashi.fukuoka.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Buzen, Fukuoka|Buzen]]||27,578||111.17||248||1955-04-10||[http://www.city.buzen.fukuoka.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Nakama, Fukuoka|Nakama]]||45,549||15.98||2,850||1958-11-01||[http://www.city.nakama.fukuoka.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20000422061603/http://www.city.nakama.fukuoka.jp/ |date=2000-04-22 }} |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Kitakyushu</span>[[Kitakyūshū]]||986,998||487.71||2,024||1963-02-10||[http://www.city.kitakyushu.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Ogori</span>[[Ogōri, Fukuoka|Ogōri]]||58,460||45.50||1,285||1972-04-01||[http://www.city.ogori.fukuoka.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Chikushino, Fukuoka|Chikushino]]||98,914||87.78||1,127||1972-04-01||[http://www.city.chikushino.fukuoka.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kasuga, Fukuoka|Kasuga]]||107,845||14.15||7,622||1972-04-01||[http://www.city.kasuga.fukuoka.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Onojo</span>[[Ōnojō, Fukuoka|Ōnojō]]||94,037||26.88||3,498||1972-04-01||[http://www.city.onojo.fukuoka.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Munakata, Fukuoka|Munakata]]||94,877||119.66||793||1981-04-01||[http://www.city.munakata.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Dazaifu, Fukuoka|Dazaifu]]||68,561||29.58||2,318||1982-04-01||[http://www.city.dazaifu.fukuoka.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030919150110/http://www2.city.dazaifu.fukuoka.jp/ |date=2003-09-19 }} |- |align="left"|[[Maebaru, Fukuoka|Maebaru]]||68,025||104.50||651||1992-10-01||[http://www.city.maebaru.fukuoka.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040828064434/http://www.city.maebaru.fukuoka.jp/ |date=2004-08-28 }} |- |align="left"|[[Koga, Fukuoka]]||57,084||42.11||1,356||1997-10-01||[http://www.city.koga.fukuoka.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070104031644/http://www.city.koga.fukuoka.jp/eng/ |date=2007-01-04 }} |- |align="left"|[[Fukutsu, Fukuoka|Fukutsu]]||55,123||52.70||1,046||2005-01-24||[http://www.city.fukutsu.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Ukiha, Fukuoka|Ukiha]]||32,277||117.55||275||2005-03-20||[http://www.city.ukiha.fukuoka.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Miyawaka, Fukuoka|Miyawaka]]||30,793||139.99||220||2006-02-11||[http://www.city.miyawaka.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Asakura, Fukuoka|Asakura]]||57,881||246.73||235||2006-03-20||[http://www.city.asakura.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Iizuka, Fukuoka|Iizuka]]||132,208||214.13||617||2006-03-26||[http://www.city.iizuka.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kama, Fukuoka|Kama]]||44,431||135.18||329||2006-03-27||[http://www.city.kama.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Miyama, Fukuoka|Miyama]]||42,219||105.12||402||2007-01-29||[http://www.city.miyama.lg.jp/] |} == Fukushima == * population:2008-01-01<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pref.fukushima.jp/toukei/html/01/m-jinko/gepo.html |title=ふくしま統計情報ボックス 福島県の推計人口<!-- Bot generated title --> |access-date=2008-04-03 |archive-date=2012-09-07 |archive-url=https://archive.is/20120907214634/http://www.pref.fukushima.jp/toukei/html/01/m-jinko/gepo.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! City name !! Population !! Area !! Density !! Founded !! Homepage |- |align="left"|[[Aizuwakamatsu, Fukushima|Aizuwakamatsu]]||129,388||383.03||338||1899-04-01||[http://www.city.aizuwakamatsu.fukushima.jp/.] |- |align="left"|[[Fukushima, Fukushima|Fukushima]]||289,355||746.43||388||1907-04-01||[http://www.city.fukushima.fukushima.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Koriyama</span>[[Kōriyama, Fukushima|Kōriyama]]||339,395||757.06||448||1924-09-01||[http://www.city.koriyama.fukushima.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170516201456/http://www.city.koriyama.fukushima.jp/063000/koho/yoran.html |date=2017-05-16 }} |- |align="left"|[[Sukagawa, Fukushima|Sukagawa]]||80,336||279.55||287||1954-03-31||[http://www.city.sukagawa.fukushima.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Soma</span>[[Sōma, Fukushima|Sōma]]||38,543||197.67||195||1954-03-31||[http://www.city.soma.fukushima.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Iwaki, Fukushima|Iwaki]]||349,947||1,231.34||284||1966-10-01||[http://www.city.iwaki.fukushima.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100411210504/http://www.city.iwaki.fukushima.jp/gaikokugo/english/ |date=2010-04-11 }} |- |align="left"|[[Tamura, Fukushima|Tamura]]||42,221||458.30||92.1||2005-03-01||[http://www.city.tamura.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Shirakawa, Fukushima|Shirakawa]]||65,665||305.30||215||2005-11-07||[http://www.city.shirakawa.fukushima.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Nihonmatsu, Fukushima|Nihonmatsu]]||61,698||344.65||179||2005-12-01||[http://www.city.nihonmatsu.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Minamisoma</span>[[Minamisōma, Fukushima|Minamisōma]]||71,761||398.50||180||2006-01-01||[http://www.city.minamisoma.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Date, Fukushima]]||67,487||265.10||255||2006-01-01||[http://www.city.date.fukushima.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060110075417/http://www.city.date.fukushima.jp/ |date=2006-01-10 }} |- |align="left"|[[Kitakata, Fukushima|Kitakata]]||54,684||554.67||98.6||2006-01-04||[http://www.city.kitakata.fukushima.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Motomiya, Fukushima|Motomiya]]||31,737||87.94||361||2007-01-01||[http://www.city.motomiya.lg.jp/] |} == Gifu == * population:2008-01-01<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pref.gifu.lg.jp/pref/s11111/data/jinko/jinko.htm |title=岐阜県統計課(岐阜県の人口・世帯数 調査結果)<!-- Bot generated title --> |access-date=2008-04-03 |archive-date=2007-10-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071014004928/http://www.pref.gifu.lg.jp/pref/s11111/data/jinko/jinko.htm#new |url-status=dead }}</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! City name !! Population !! Area !! Density !! Founded !! Homepage |- |align="left"|[[Gifu, Gifu|Gifu]]||412,779||202.89||2,034||1889-07-01||[http://www.city.gifu.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Ogaki</span>[[Ōgaki, Gifu|Ōgaki]]||163,047||206.52||789||1918-04-01||[http://www.city.ogaki.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Takayama, Gifu|Takayama]]||94,879||2,177.67||43.6||1936-11-01||[http://www.city.takayama.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Tajimi, Gifu|Tajimi]]||114,866||91.24||1,259||1940-08-01||[http://www.city.tajimi.gifu.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030927115157/http://www2.city.tajimi.gifu.jp/ |date=2003-09-27 }} |- |align="left"|[[Seki, Gifu|Seki]]||92,896||472.84||196||1950-10-15||[http://www.city.seki.gifu.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Nakatsugawa, Gifu|Nakatsugawa]]||83,116||676.38||123||1952-04-01||[http://www.city.nakatsugawa.gifu.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Mino, Gifu]]||22,912||117.05||196||1954-04-01||[http://www.city.mino.gifu.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Mizunami, Gifu|Mizunami]]||41,556||175.00||237||1954-04-01||[http://www.city.mizunami.gifu.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Hashima, Gifu|Hashima]]||67,167||53.64||1,252||1954-04-01||[http://www.city.hashima.gifu.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080914053231/http://www.city.hashima.gifu.jp/ |date=2008-09-14 }} |- |align="left"|[[Minokamo, Gifu|Minokamo]]||53,988||74.81||722||1954-04-01||[http://www.city.minokamo.gifu.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070204112654/http://www.city.minokamo.gifu.jp/home/ENGLISH/e_top.html |date=2007-02-04 }} |- |align="left"|[[Toki, Gifu|Toki]]||61,393||116.01||529||1955-02-01||[http://www.city.toki.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kakamigahara, Gifu|Kakamigahara]]||145,126||87.77||1,653||1963-04-01||[http://www.city.kakamigahara.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kani, Gifu|Kani]]||99,318||87.60||1,134||1982-04-01||[http://www.city.kani.gifu.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110820225543/http://www.city.kani.gifu.jp/ |date=2011-08-20 }} |- |align="left"|[[Yamagata, Gifu]]||29,857||222.04||134||2003-04-01||[http://www.city.yamagata.gifu.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Mizuho, Gifu|Mizuho]]||51,230||28.18||1,818||2003-05-01||[http://www.city.mizuho.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Hida, Gifu|Hida]]||28,112||792.31||35.5||2004-02-01||[http://www.city.hida.gifu.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Motosu, Gifu|Motosu]]||34,729||374.57||92.7||2004-02-01||[http://www.city.motosu.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Gujo</span>[[Gujō, Gifu|Gujō]]||46,338||1,030.79||45.0||2004-03-01||[http://www.city.gujo.gifu.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Gero, Gifu|Gero]]||37,455||851.06||44.0||2004-03-01||[http://www.city.gero.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Ena, Gifu|Ena]]||54,844||504.19||109||2004-10-25||[http://www.city.ena.gifu.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161020134059/http://www.city.ena.gifu.jp/ |date=2016-10-20 }} |- |align="left"|[[Kaizu, Gifu|Kaizu]]||38,532||112.31||343||2005-03-28||[http://www.city.kaizu.lg.jp/] |} == Gunma == * population:2008-01-01<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://toukei.pref.gunma.jp/IDJ.htm |title=基本統計・群馬県移動人口調査<!-- Bot generated title --> |access-date=2008-04-03 |archive-date=2007-11-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071102214607/http://toukei.pref.gunma.jp/IDJ.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! City name !! Population !! Area !! Density !! Founded !! Homepage |- |align="left"|[[Maebashi, Gunma|Maebashi]]||318,058||241.22||1,319||1892-04-01||[http://www.city.maebashi.gunma.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Takasaki, Gunma|Takasaki]]||341,838||401.01||852||1900-04-01||[http://www.city.takasaki.gunma.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Kiryu</span>[[Kiryū, Gunma|Kiryū]]||124,892||274.57||455||1921-03-01||[http://www.city.kiryu.gunma.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Isesaki, Gunma|Isesaki]]||204,240||139.33||1,466||1940-09-13||[http://www.city.isesaki.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Ota</span>[[Ōta, Gunma|Ōta]]||214,049||176.49||1,213||1948-05-03||[http://www.city.ota.gunma.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Numata, Gunma|Numata]]||52,319||443.37||118||1954-04-01||[http://www.city.numata.gunma.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Tatebayashi, Gunma|Tatebayashi]]||79,023||60.98||1,296||1954-04-01||[http://www.city.tatebayashi.gunma.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Fujioka, Gunma|Fujioka]]||68,710||180.09||382||1954-04-01||[http://www.city.fujioka.gunma.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Shibukawa, Gunma|Shibukawa]]||86,134||240.42||358||2006-02-20||[http://www.city.shibukawa.gunma.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080604061226/http://www.city.shibukawa.gunma.jp/ |date=2008-06-04 }} |- |align="left"|[[Annaka, Gunma|Annaka]]||62,270||276.34||225||2006-03-18||[http://www.city.annaka.gunma.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070704214107/http://www.city.annaka.gunma.jp/ |date=2007-07-04 }} |- |align="left"|[[Tomioka, Gunma|Tomioka]]||53,332||122.90||434||2006-03-27||[http://www.city.tomioka.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Midori, Gunma|Midori]]||51,964||208.23||250||2006-03-27||[http://www.city.midori.gunma.jp/] |} == Hiroshima == * population:2008-01-01<ref>http://db1.pref.hiroshima.jp/data/geppou/jinkou/saisin/jinkou_gaiyou.htm {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080221101232/http://db1.pref.hiroshima.jp/data/geppou/jinkou/saisin/jinkou_gaiyou.htm |date=2008-02-21 }} 推計人口(甲調査)第3表</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! City name !! Population !! Area !! Density !! Founded !! Homepage |- |align="left"|[[Hiroshima, Hiroshima|Hiroshima]]||1,163,806||905.13||1,286||1889-04-01||[http://www.city.hiroshima.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Onomichi, Hiroshima|Onomichi]]||148,085||284.85||520||1898-04-01||[http://www.city.onomichi.hiroshima.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kure, Hiroshima|Kure]]||246,118||353.74||696||1902-10-01||[http://www.city.kure.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Fukuyama, Hiroshima|Fukuyama]]||461,368||518.07||891||1916-07-01||[http://www.city.fukuyama.hiroshima.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Mihara, Hiroshima|Mihara]]||103,209||471.03||219||1936-11-15||[http://www.city.mihara.hiroshima.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Fuchu</span>[[Fuchū, Hiroshima]]||44,212||195.71||226||1954-03-31||[http://www.city.fuchu.hiroshima.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Miyoshi, Hiroshima]]||58,264||778.19||74.9||1954-03-31||[http://www.city.miyoshi.hiroshima.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Shobara</span>[[Shōbara, Hiroshima|Shōbara]]||41,747||1,246.60||33.5||1954-03-31||[http://www.city.shobara.hiroshima.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Otake</span>[[Ōtake, Hiroshima|Ōtake]]||29,665||78.55||378||1954-09-01||[http://www.city.otake.hiroshima.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Takehara, Hiroshima|Takehara]]||29,803||118.30||252||1958-11-03||[http://www.city.takehara.hiroshima.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061221045238/http://www.city.takehara.hiroshima.jp/english_m.jsp |date=2006-12-21 }} |- |align="left"|[[Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima|Higashihiroshima]]||187,711||635.32||295||1974-04-20||[http://www.city.higashihiroshima.hiroshima.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Hatsukaichi, Hiroshima|Hatsukaichi]]||115,184||489.36||235||1988-04-01||[http://www.city.hatsukaichi.hiroshima.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Akitakata, Hiroshima|Akitakata]]||32,323||537.79||60.1||2004-03-01||[http://www.akitakata.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Etajima, Hiroshima|Etajima]]||28,601||100.97||283||2004-11-01||[http://www.city.etajima.hiroshima.jp/] |} == Hokkaidō == * population:2007-12-31<ref>[http://www.pref.hokkaido.lg.jp/sk/tuk/900brr/index.htm 住民基本台帳人口・世帯数<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! City name !! Population !! Area !! Density !! Founded !! Homepage |- |align="left"|[[Sapporo, Hokkaidō|Sapporo]]||1,882,609||1,121.12||1,679||1922-08-01||[http://www.city.sapporo.jp/city/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190915231600/http://www.city.sapporo.jp/city/ |date=2019-09-15 }} |- |align="left"|[[Hakodate, Hokkaidō|Hakodate]]||290,154||677.89||428||1922-08-01||[http://www.city.hakodate.hokkaido.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Otaru, Hokkaidō|Otaru]]||138,876||243.30||571||1922-08-01||[http://www.city.otaru.hokkaido.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030920134255/http://www.city.otaru.hokkaido.jp/ |date=2003-09-20 }} |- |align="left"|[[Asahikawa, Hokkaidō|Asahikawa]]||357,228||747.60||478||1922-08-01||[http://www.city.asahikawa.hokkaido.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Muroran, Hokkaidō|Muroran]]||97,568||80.65||1,210||1922-08-01||[http://www.city.muroran.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Obihiro, Hokkaidō|Obihiro]]||170,066||618.94||275||1933-04-01||[http://www.city.obihiro.hokkaido.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Yubari</span>[[Yūbari, Hokkaidō|Yūbari]]||12,203||763.20||16.0||1943-04-01||[http://www.city.yubari.hokkaido.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020831161059/http://www.city.yubari.hokkaido.jp/ |date=2002-08-31 }} |- |align="left"|[[Iwamizawa, Hokkaidō|Iwamizawa]]||92,364||481.10||192||1943-04-01||[http://www.city.iwamizawa.hokkaido.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Abashiri, Hokkaidō|Abashiri]]||40,341||471.00||85.6||1947-02-11||[http://www.city.abashiri.hokkaido.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Rumoi, Hokkaidō|Rumoi]]||26,295||297.44||88.4||1947-10-01||[http://www.e-rumoi.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Tomakomai, Hokkaidō|Tomakomai]]||173,986||561.49||310||1948-04-01||[http://www.city.tomakomai.hokkaido.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Wakkanai, Hokkaidō|Wakkanai]]||40,629||760.83||53.4||1949-04-01||[http://www.city.wakkanai.hokkaido.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Bibai, Hokkaidō|Bibai]]||27,849||277.61||100||1950-04-01||[http://www.city.bibai.hokkaido.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Ashibetsu, Hokkaidō|Ashibetsu]]||18,310||865.02||21.2||1953-04-01||[http://www.city.ashibetsu.hokkaido.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Ebetsu, Hokkaidō|Ebetsu]]||123,671||187.57||659||1954-07-01||[http://www.city.ebetsu.hokkaido.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Akabira, Hokkaidō|Akabira]]||13,874||129.88||107||1954-07-01||[http://www.city.akabira.hokkaido.jp/index.php] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060220111235/http://www.city.akabira.hokkaido.jp/index.php |date=2006-02-20 }} |- |align="left"|[[Monbetsu, Hokkaidō|Monbetsu]]||25,873||830.70||31.1||1954-07-01||[https://web.archive.org/web/20110515041805/http://mombetsu.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Mikasa, Hokkaidō|Mikasa]]||11,454||302.64||37.8||1957-04-01||[http://www.city.mikasa.hokkaido.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Nemuro, Hokkaidō|Nemuro]]||30,882||512.63||60.2||1957-08-01||[http://www.city.nemuro.hokkaido.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Chitose, Hokkaidō|Chitose]]||92,924||594.95||156||1958-07-01||[http://www.city.chitose.hokkaido.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160905165529/http://www.city.chitose.hokkaido.jp/ |date=2016-09-05 }} |- |align="left"|[[Takikawa, Hokkaidō|Takikawa]]||44,895||115.82||388||1958-07-01||[http://www.city.takikawa.hokkaido.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100309110101/http://www.city.takikawa.hokkaido.jp/ |date=2010-03-09 }} |- |align="left"|[[Sunagawa, Hokkaidō|Sunagawa]]||19,641||78.69||250||1958-07-01||[http://www.city.sunagawa.hokkaido.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Utashinai, Hokkaidō|Utashinai]]||4,988||55.99||89.1||1958-07-01||[http://www.city.utashinai.hokkaido.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Fukagawa, Hokkaidō|Fukagawa]]||24,777||529.23||46.8||1963-05-01||[http://www.city.fukagawa.hokkaido.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091231134526/http://www.city.fukagawa.hokkaido.jp/ |date=2009-12-31 }} |- |align="left"|[[Furano, Hokkaidō|Furano]]||24,890||600.97||41.4||1966-05-01||[http://www.city.furano.hokkaido.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Noboribetsu, Hokkaidō|Noboribetsu]]||53,340||212.11||251||1970-08-01||[http://www.city.noboribetsu.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Eniwa, Hokkaidō|Eniwa]]||68,604||294.87||233||1970-11-01||[http://www.city.eniwa.hokkaido.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Date, Hokkaidō]]||37,476||444.28||84.4||1972-04-01||[http://www.city.date.hokkaido.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kitahiroshima, Hokkaidō|Kitahiroshima]]||61,094||118.54||515||1996-09-01||[http://www.city.kitahiroshima.hokkaido.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Ishikari, Hokkaidō|Ishikari]]||61,474||721.86||85.2||1996-09-01||[http://www.city.ishikari.hokkaido.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Shibetsu, Hokkaidō|Shibetsu]]||23,197||1,119.29||20.7||2005-09-01||[http://www.city.shibetsu.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kushiro, Hokkaidō|Kushiro]]||190,890||1,362.75||140||2005-10-11||[http://www.city.kushiro.hokkaido.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060323035246/http://www.city.kushiro.hokkaido.jp/ |date=2006-03-23 }} |- |align="left"|[[Hokuto, Hokkaidō]]||49,506||397.30||125||2006-02-01||[http://www.city.hokuto.hokkaido.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kitami, Hokkaidō|Kitami]]||127,328||1,427.56||89.2||2006-03-05||[http://www.city.kitami.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Nayoro, Hokkaidō|Nayoro]]||31,300||535.23||58.5||2006-03-27||[http://www.city.nayoro.lg.jp/] |} == Hyōgo == * population:2008-01-01<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://web.pref.hyogo.jp/ac08/ac08_5_000000004.html |title=兵庫県/推計人口<!-- Bot generated title --> |access-date=2008-04-03 |archive-date=2007-10-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071013000756/http://web.pref.hyogo.jp/ac08/ac08_5_000000004.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! City name !! Population !! Area !! Density !! Founded !! Homepage |- |align="left"|[[Kobe]]||1,530,847||552.23||2,772||1889-04-01||[http://www.city.kobe.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Himeji, Hyōgo|Himeji]]||536,170||534.27||1,004||1889-04-01||[http://www.city.himeji.hyogo.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190907223328/http://www.city.himeji.hyogo.jp/ |date=2019-09-07 }} |- |align="left"|[[Amagasaki, Hyōgo|Amagasaki]]||461,202||49.77||9,267||1916-04-01||[http://www.city.amagasaki.hyogo.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Akashi, Hyōgo|Akashi]]||292,162||49.24||5,933||1919-11-01||[http://www.city.akashi.hyogo.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031019194909/http://www.city.akashi.hyogo.jp/ |date=2003-10-19 }} |- |align="left"|[[Nishinomiya, Hyōgo|Nishinomiya]]||477,056||99.96||4,772||1925-04-01||[http://www.nishi.or.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Ashiya, Hyōgo|Ashiya]]||92,828||18.47||5,026||1940-11-10||[http://www.city.ashiya.hyogo.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090627031903/http://www.city.ashiya.hyogo.jp/ |date=2009-06-27 }} |- |align="left"|[[Itami, Hyōgo|Itami]]||194,488||24.97||7,789||1940-11-10||[http://www.city.itami.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Aioi, Hyōgo|Aioi]]||31,973||90.45||353||1942-10-01||[http://www.city.aioi.hyogo.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050827184359/http://www.city.aioi.hyogo.jp/ |date=2005-08-27 }} |- |align="left"|[[Toyooka, Hyōgo|Toyooka]]||87,555||697.66||125||1950-04-01||[http://www.city.toyooka.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kakogawa, Hyōgo|Kakogawa]]||267,631||138.51||1,932||1950-06-15||[http://www.city.kakogawa.hyogo.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030930010510/http://www.city.kakogawa.hyogo.jp/ |date=2003-09-30 }} |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Ako</span>[[Akō, Hyōgo|Akō]]||51,277||126.88||404||1951-09-01||[http://www.city.ako.hyogo.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050822230242/http://www.city.ako.hyogo.jp/ |date=2005-08-22 }} |- |align="left"|[[Takarazuka, Hyōgo|Takarazuka]]||222,071||101.80||2,181||1954-04-01||[http://www.city.takarazuka.hyogo.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100323000426/http://www.city.takarazuka.hyogo.jp/foreign/en/index.html |date=2010-03-23 }} |- |align="left"|[[Miki, Hyōgo|Miki]]||83,244||176.58||471||1954-06-01||[http://www.city.miki.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Takasago, Hyōgo|Takasago]]||94,198||34.40||2,738||1954-07-01||[http://www.city.takasago.hyogo.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100111064811/http://www.city.takasago.hyogo.jp/ |date=2010-01-11 }} |- |align="left"|[[Kawanishi, Hyōgo|Kawanishi]]||157,461||53.44||2,947||1954-08-01||[http://www.city.kawanishi.hyogo.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Ono, Hyōgo]]||49,664||92.92||534||1954-12-01||[http://www.city.ono.hyogo.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Sanda, Hyōgo|Sanda]]||113,600||210.22||540||1958-07-01||[http://www.city.sanda.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kasai, Hyōgo|Kasai]]||48,435||150.95||321||1967-04-01||[http://www.city.kasai.hyogo.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Sasayama, Hyōgo|Sasayama]]||44,345||377.61||117||1999-04-01||[http://www.city.sasayama.hyogo.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100205231832/http://www.city.sasayama.hyogo.jp/ |date=2010-02-05 }} |- |align="left"|[[Yabu, Hyōgo|Yabu]]||27,428||422.78||64.9||2004-04-01||[http://www.city.yabu.hyogo.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Tamba, Hyōgo|Tamba]]||69,233||493.28||140||2004-11-01||[http://www.city.tamba.hyogo.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050519012346/http://www.city.tamba.hyogo.jp/ |date=2005-05-19 }} |- |align="left"|[[Minamiawaji, Hyōgo|Minamiawaji]]||51,069||229.18||223||2005-01-11||[http://www.city.minamiawaji.hyogo.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Asago, Hyōgo|Asago]]||34,084||402.98||84.6||2005-04-01||[http://www.city.asago.hyogo.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Awaji, Hyōgo|Awaji]]||47,849||184.21||260||2005-04-01||[http://www.city.awaji.hyogo.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Shiso</span>[[Shisō, Hyōgo|Shisō]]||42,302||658.60||64.2||2005-04-01||[http://www.city.shiso.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Nishiwaki, Hyōgo|Nishiwaki]]||43,126||132.47||326||2005-10-01||[http://www.city.nishiwaki.hyogo.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050831112740/http://www.city.nishiwaki.hyogo.jp/ |date=2005-08-31 }} |- |align="left"|[[Tatsuno, Hyōgo|Tatsuno]]||80,988||210.93||384||2005-10-01||[http://www.city.tatsuno.hyogo.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100111070620/http://www.city.tatsuno.hyogo.jp/ |date=2010-01-11 }} |- |align="left"|[[Sumoto, Hyōgo|Sumoto]]||48,631||182.47||267||2006-02-11||[http://www.city.sumoto.hyogo.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100111034013/http://www.city.sumoto.hyogo.jp/ |date=2010-01-11 }} |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Kato</span>[[Katō, Hyōgo|Katō]]||39,935||157.49||254||2006-03-20||[http://www.city.kato.lg.jp/] |} == Ibaraki == * population:2008-01-01<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pref.ibaraki.jp/tokei/betu/jinko/getsu/index.htm |title=茨城県の人口と世帯(推計)<!-- Bot generated title --> |access-date=2008-03-25 |archive-date=2008-03-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080325190656/http://www.pref.ibaraki.jp/tokei/betu/jinko/getsu/index.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! City name !! Population !! Area !! Density !! Founded !! Homepage |- |align="left"|[[Mito, Ibaraki|Mito]]||264,062||217.43||1,214||1889-04-01||[http://www.city.mito.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Hitachi, Ibaraki|Hitachi]]||195,844||225.55||868||1939-09-01||[http://www.city.hitachi.ibaraki.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050904224525/http://www.city.hitachi.ibaraki.jp/ |date=2005-09-04 }} |- |align="left"|[[Tsuchiura, Ibaraki|Tsuchiura]]||143,986||113.82||1,265||1940-11-03||[http://www.city.tsuchiura.ibaraki.jp/]{{Pranala mati|date=November 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Yuki</span>[[Yūki, Ibaraki|Yūki]]||52,065||65.84||791||1954-03-15||[http://www.city.yuki.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Ryugasaki</span>[[Ryūgasaki, Ibaraki|Ryūgasaki]]||79,295||78.20||1,014||1954-03-20||[http://www.city.ryugasaki.ibaraki.jp/toppage.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080918222403/http://www.city.ryugasaki.ibaraki.jp/toppage.html |date=2008-09-18 }} |- |align="left"|[[Shimotsuma, Ibaraki|Shimotsuma]]||45,918||80.88||568||1954-06-01||[http://www.city.shimotsuma.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Joso</span>[[Jōsō, Ibaraki|Jōsō]]||65,858||123.52||533||1954-07-10||[http://www.city.joso.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Hitachiota</span>[[Hitachiōta, Ibaraki|Hitachiōta]]||58,461||372.01||157||1954-07-15||[http://www.city.hitachiota.ibaraki.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Takahagi, Ibaraki|Takahagi]]||32,031||193.65||165||1954-11-23||[http://www.city.takahagi.ibaraki.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kitaibaraki, Ibaraki|Kitaibaraki]]||48,437||186.55||260||1956-03-31||[http://www.city-kitaibaraki.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080208195100/http://www.city-kitaibaraki.jp/ |date=2008-02-08 }} |- |align="left"|[[Toride, Ibaraki|Toride]]||109,953||69.96||1,572||1970-10-01||[http://www.city.toride.ibaraki.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Ushiku, Ibaraki|Ushiku]]||79,254||58.88||1,346||1986-06-01||[http://www.city.ushiku.ibaraki.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031013035340/http://www.city.ushiku.ibaraki.jp/ |date=2003-10-13 }} |- |align="left"|[[Tsukuba, Ibaraki|Tsukuba]]||207,314||284.07||730||1987-11-30||[http://www.city.tsukuba.ibaraki.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050826064935/http://www.city.tsukuba.ibaraki.jp/ |date=2005-08-26 }} |- |align="left"|[[Hitachinaka, Ibaraki|Hitachinaka]]||155,338||99.04||1,568||1994-11-01||[http://www.city.hitachinaka.ibaraki.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kashima, Ibaraki]]||65,193||92.96||701||1995-09-01||[http://www.city.kashima.ibaraki.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Itako, Ibaraki|Itako]]||31,103||62.67||496||2001-04-01||[http://www.city.itako.ibaraki.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Moriya, Ibaraki|Moriya]]||57,793||35.63||1,622||2002-02-02||[http://www.city.moriya.ibaraki.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Hitachiomiya</span>[[Hitachiōmiya, Ibaraki|Hitachiōmiya]]||46,729||348.38||134||2004-10-16||[http://www.city.hitachiomiya.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Naka, Ibaraki|Naka]]||54,618||97.80||558||2005-01-21||[http://www.city.naka.ibaraki.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160823124000/http://www.city.naka.ibaraki.jp/ |date=2016-08-23 }} |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Bando</span>[[Bandō, Ibaraki|Bandō]]||57,128||123.18||464||2005-03-22||[http://www.city.bando.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Inashiki, Ibaraki|Inashiki]]||48,125||178.12||270||2005-03-22||[http://www.city.inashiki.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Chikusei, Ibaraki|Chikusei]]||110,813||205.35||540||2005-03-28||[http://www.city.chikusei.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kasumigaura, Ibaraki|Kasumigaura]]||44,450||118.77||374||2005-03-28||[http://www.city.kasumigaura.ibaraki.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081017095928/http://www.city.kasumigaura.ibaraki.jp/ |date=2008-10-17 }} |- |align="left"|[[Kamisu, Ibaraki|Kamisu]]||93,538||147.24||635||2005-08-01||[http://www.city.kamisu.ibaraki.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Namegata, Ibaraki|Namegata]]||39,117||166.33||235||2005-09-02||[http://www.city.namegata.ibaraki.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Koga, Ibaraki]]||144,392||123.58||1,168||2005-09-12||[http://www.city.ibaraki-koga.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Ishioka, Ibaraki|Ishioka]]||80,502||213.38||377||2005-10-01||[http://city.ishioka.lg.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081220154144/http://city.ishioka.lg.jp/ |date=2008-12-20 }} |- |align="left"|[[Sakuragawa, Ibaraki|Sakuragawa]]||47,480||179.78||264||2005-10-01||[http://www.city.sakuragawa.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Hokota, Ibaraki|Hokota]]||50,869||203.90||249||2005-10-11||[http://www.city.hokota.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kasama, Ibaraki|Kasama]]||80,646||240.27||336||2006-03-19||[http://www.city.kasama.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Tsukubamirai, Ibaraki|Tsukubamirai]]||41,957||79.14||530||2006-03-27||[http://www.city.tsukubamirai.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Omitama, Ibaraki|Omitama]]||52,834||140.21||377||2006-03-27||[http://www.city.omitama.lg.jp/] |} == Ishikawa == * population:2008-01-01<ref>[http://toukei.pref.ishikawa.jp/search/min.asp?sc_id=10 いしかわ統計指標ランド 石川県の統計情報ポータルサイト<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! City name !! Population !! Area !! Density !! Founded !! Homepage |- |align="left"|[[Kanazawa, Ishikawa|Kanazawa]]||455,595||467.77||974||1889-04-01||[http://www4.city.kanazawa.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Nanao, Ishikawa|Nanao]]||60,140||317.96||189||1939-07-20||[http://www.city.nanao.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Komatsu, Ishikawa|Komatsu]]||109,285||371.13||294||1940-12-01||[http://www.city.komatsu.ishikawa.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031018035511/http://www.city.komatsu.ishikawa.jp/ |date=2003-10-18 }} |- |align="left"|[[Suzu, Ishikawa|Suzu]]||17,111||247.20||69.2||1954-07-15||[http://www.city.suzu.ishikawa.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Hakui, Ishikawa|Hakui]]||23,963||81.96||292||1958-07-01||[http://www.city.hakui.ishikawa.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kahoku, Ishikawa|Kahoku]]||34,747||64.76||537||2004-03-01||[http://www.city.kahoku.ishikawa.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Hakusan, Ishikawa|Hakusan]]||110,563||755.17||146||2005-02-01||[http://www.city.hakusan.ishikawa.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070219135937/http://www.city.hakusan.ishikawa.jp/ |date=2007-02-19 }} |- |align="left"|[[Nomi, Ishikawa|Nomi]]||48,106||83.85||574||2005-02-01||[http://www.city.nomi.ishikawa.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090521152917/http://www.city.nomi.ishikawa.jp/english/ |date=2009-05-21 }} |- |align="left"|[[Kaga, Ishikawa|Kaga]]||73,745||306.00||241||2005-10-01||[http://www.city.kaga.ishikawa.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Wajima, Ishikawa|Wajima]]||31,532||426.25||74.0||2006-02-01||[http://www.city.wajima.ishikawa.jp/] |} == Iwate == * population:2008-01-01<ref>http://www2.pref.iwate.jp/h/hp0206/ToukeiDB.nsf/A_ResultChousa?OpenAgent&C=I002 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060218143311/http://www2.pref.iwate.jp/h/hp0206/ToukeiDB.nsf/A_ResultChousa?OpenAgent&C=I002 |date=2006-02-18 }} 毎月人口推計の概要</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! City name !! Population !! Area !! Density !! Founded !! Homepage |- |align="left"|[[Morioka, Iwate|Morioka]]||299,746||886.47||338||1889-04-01||[http://www.city.morioka.iwate.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kamaishi, Iwate|Kamaishi]]||41,348||441.42||93.7||1937-05-05||[http://www.city.kamaishi.iwate.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Ofunato</span>[[Ōfunato, Iwate|Ōfunato]]||42,119||323.28||130||1952-04-01||[http://www.city.ofunato.iwate.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Rikuzentakata, Iwate|Rikuzentakata]]||23,961||232.29||103||1955-01-01||[http://www.city.rikuzentakata.iwate.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kitakami, Iwate|Kitakami]]||94,806||437.55||217||1991-04-01||[http://www.city.kitakami.iwate.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Miyako, Iwate|Miyako]]||58,342||696.82||83.7||2005-06-06||[http://www.city.miyako.iwate.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Hachimantai, Iwate|Hachimantai]]||29,993||862.25||34.8||2005-09-01||[http://www.city.hachimantai.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Ichinoseki, Iwate|Ichinoseki]]||123,155||1,133.10||109||2005-09-20||[http://www.city.ichinoseki.iwate.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Tono</span>[[Tōno, Iwate|Tōno]]||30,587||825.62||37.0||2005-10-01||[http://www.city.tono.iwate.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Hanamaki, Iwate|Hanamaki]]||103,718||908.32||114||2006-01-01||[http://www.city.hanamaki.iwate.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Ninohe, Iwate|Ninohe]]||30,685||420.31||73.0||2006-01-01||[http://www.city.ninohe.iwate.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100309140524/http://www.city.ninohe.iwate.jp/ |date=2010-03-09 }} |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Oshu</span>[[Ōshū, Iwate|Ōshū]]||128,273||993.35||129||2006-02-20||[http://www.city.oshu.iwate.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kuji, Iwate|Kuji]]||37,824||623.14||60.7||2006-03-06||[http://www.city.kuji.iwate.jp/] |} == Kagawa == * population:2008-01-01<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pref.kagawa.jp/toukei/Population.htm |title=統計速報(香川県推計人口及び人口移動)<!-- Bot generated title --> |access-date=2008-04-03 |archive-date=2008-01-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080129073738/http://www.pref.kagawa.jp/toukei/Population.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! City name !! Population !! Area !! Density !! Founded !! Homepage |- |align="left"|[[Takamatsu, Kagawa|Takamatsu]]||418,557||375.11||1,116||1890-02-15||[http://www.city.takamatsu.kagawa.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Marugame, Kagawa|Marugame]]||110,550||111.79||989||1899-04-01||[http://www.city.marugame.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Sakaide, Kagawa|Sakaide]]||56,501||92.46||611||1942-07-01||[http://www.city.sakaide.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Zentsuji</span>[[Zentsūji, Kagawa|Zentsūji]]||35,180||39.88||882||1954-03-31||[http://www.city.zentsuji.kagawa.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Sanuki, Kagawa|Sanuki]]||54,832||158.90||345||2002-04-01||[http://www.city.sanuki.kagawa.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Higashikagawa, Kagawa|Higashikagawa]]||34,953||153.35||228||2003-04-01||[http://www.higashikagawa.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Mitoyo, Kagawa|Mitoyo]]||69,997||222.66||314||2006-01-01||[http://www.city.mitoyo.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kan'onji, Kagawa|Kan'onji]]||64,020||117.47||545||2007-03-12||[http://www.city.kanonji.kagawa.jp/] |} == Kagoshima == * population:2008-01-01<ref>http://www.pref.kagoshima.jp/tokei/bunya/jinko/suikei/index.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080311024207/http://www.pref.kagoshima.jp/tokei/bunya/jinko/suikei/index.html |date=2008-03-11 }} 鹿児島県毎月推計人口</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! City name !! Population !! Area !! Density !! Founded !! Homepage |- |align="left"|[[Kagoshima, Kagoshima|Kagoshima]]||605,196||547.06||1,106||1889-04-01||[http://www.city.kagoshima.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kanoya, Kagoshima|Kanoya]]||105,673||448.33||236||1941-05-27||[http://www.e-kanoya.net/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070918223533/http://www.e-kanoya.net/ |date=2007-09-18 }} |- |align="left"|[[Makurazaki, Kagoshima|Makurazaki]]||24,400||74.88||326||1949-09-01||[http://www.city.makurazaki.kagoshima.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Akune, Kagoshima|Akune]]||24,166||134.30||180||1952-04-01||[http://www.city.akune.kagoshima.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Izumi, Kagoshima]]||56,851||330.06||172||1954-04-01||[http://www.city.izumi.kagoshima.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030928012037/http://www.city.izumi.kagoshima.jp/ |date=2003-09-28 }} |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Okuchi</span>[[Ōkuchi, Kagoshima|Ōkuchi]]||21,504||291.89||73.7||1954-04-01||[http://www.city.okuchi.kagoshima.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040323151701/http://www.city.okuchi.kagoshima.jp/ |date=2004-03-23 }} |- |align="left"|[[Ibusuki, Kagoshima|Ibusuki]]||45,455||149.01||305||1954-04-01||[http://www.city.ibusuki.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Minamisatsuma, Kagoshima|Minamisatsuma]]||40,386||283.35||143||1954-07-15||[http://www.city.minamisatsuma.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Nishinoomote, Kagoshima|Nishinoomote]]||17,666||205.75||85.9||1958-10-01||[http://www.city.nishinoomote.kagoshima.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031011212628/http://www.city.nishinoomote.kagoshima.jp/ |date=2003-10-11 }} |- |align="left"|[[Tarumizu, Kagoshima|Tarumizu]]||18,078||162.01||112||1958-10-01||[http://www.city.tarumizu.kagoshima.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070222130952/http://www.city.tarumizu.kagoshima.jp/ |date=2007-02-22 }} |- |align="left"|[[Satsumasendai, Kagoshima|Satsumasendai]]||100,730||683.50||147||2004-10-12||[http://www.city.satsumasendai.kagoshima.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041020012842/http://www.city.satsumasendai.kagoshima.jp/ |date=2004-10-20 }} |- |align="left"|[[Hioki, Kagoshima|Hioki]]||51,472||253.06||203||2005-05-01||[http://www.city.hioki.kagoshima.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Soo, Kagoshima|Soo]]||41,179||390.39||105||2005-07-01||[http://www.city.soo.kagoshima.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Ichikikushikino, Kagoshima|Ichikikushikino]]||32,079||112.04||286||2005-10-11||[http://www.city.ichikikushikino.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kirishima, Kagoshima|Kirishima]]||127,726||603.68||212||2005-11-07||[http://www.city-kirishima.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Shibushi, Kagoshima|Shibushi]]||34,105||289.93||118||2006-01-01||[http://www.city.shibushi.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Amami, Kagoshima|Amami]]||48,116||306.20||157||2006-03-20||[http://www.city.amami.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Minamikyushu</span>[[Minamikyūshū, Kagoshima|Minamikyūshū]]||40,891||357.85||114||2007-12-01||[http://www.city.minamikyushu.lg.jp/] |} == Kanagawa == * population:2008-01-01<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pref.kanagawa.jp/tokei/tokei/204/jinko.html |title=神奈川県の人口と世帯 : 神奈川県<!-- Bot generated title --> |access-date=2008-04-03 |archive-date=2012-04-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120424041142/http://www.pref.kanagawa.jp/tokei/tokei/204/jinko.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! City name !! Population !! Area !! Density !! Founded !! Homepage |- |align="left"|[[Yokohama]]||3,631,236||437.38||8,302||1889-04-01||[http://www.city.yokohama.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Yokosuka, Kanagawa|Yokosuka]]||421,397||100.68||4,186||1907-02-15||[http://www.city.yokosuka.kanagawa.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kawasaki, Kanagawa|Kawasaki]]||1,373,630||142.70||9,626||1924-07-01||[http://www.city.kawasaki.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Hiratsuka, Kanagawa|Hiratsuka]]||260,419||67.83||3,839||1932-04-01||[http://www.city.hiratsuka.kanagawa.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kamakura, Kanagawa|Kamakura]]||173,588||39.60||4,384||1939-11-03||[http://www.city.kamakura.kanagawa.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Fujisawa, Kanagawa|Fujisawa]]||402,628||69.51||5,792||1940-10-01||[http://www.city.fujisawa.kanagawa.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Odawara, Kanagawa|Odawara]]||198,841||114.09||1,743||1940-12-20||[http://www.city.odawara.kanagawa.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Chigasaki, Kanagawa|Chigasaki]]||231,005||35.71||6,469||1947-10-01||[http://www.city.chigasaki.kanagawa.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Zushi, Kanagawa|Zushi]]||58,654||17.34||3,383||1954-04-15||[http://www.city.zushi.kanagawa.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Sagamihara, Kanagawa|Sagamihara]]||706,342||328.84||2,148||1954-11-20||[http://www.city.sagamihara.kanagawa.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Miura, Kanagawa|Miura]]||49,371||32.28||1,529||1955-01-01||[http://www.city.miura.kanagawa.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Hadano, Kanagawa|Hadano]]||169,201||103.61||1,633||1955-01-01||[http://www.city.hadano.kanagawa.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Atsugi, Kanagawa|Atsugi]]||225,163||93.83||2,400||1955-02-01||[http://www.city.atsugi.kanagawa.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Yamato, Kanagawa|Yamato]]||223,127||27.06||8,246||1959-02-01||[http://www.city.yamato.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Isehara, Kanagawa|Isehara]]||100,779||55.52||1,815||1971-03-01||[http://www.city.isehara.kanagawa.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Ebina, Kanagawa|Ebina]]||126,035||26.48||4,760||1971-11-01||[http://www.city.ebina.kanagawa.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Zama, Kanagawa|Zama]]||127,582||17.58||7,257||1971-11-01||[http://www.city.zama.kanagawa.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Minamiashigara, Kanagawa|Minamiashigara]]||44,285||76.93||576||1972-04-01||[http://www.city.minamiashigara.kanagawa.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Ayase, Kanagawa|Ayase]]||82,083||22.28||3,684||1978-11-01||[http://www.city.ayase.kanagawa.jp/] |} == Kōchi == * population:2008-02-29<ref>[http://www.pref.kochi.jp/~toukei/index.htm 住民基本台帳人口移動]</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! City name !! Population !! Area !! Density !! Founded !! Homepage |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Kochi</span>[[Kōchi, Kōchi|Kōchi]]||342,944||309.22||1,109||1889-04-01||[http://www.city.kochi.kochi.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Sukumo, Kōchi|Sukumo]]||23,771||286.11||83.1||1954-03-31||[http://www.city.sukumo.kochi.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Aki, Kōchi|Aki]]||20,555||317.34||64.8||1954-08-01||[http://www.city.aki.kochi.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Tosashimizu, Kōchi|Tosashimizu]]||17,421||266.54||65.4||1954-08-01||[http://www.city.tosashimizu.kochi.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Susaki, Kōchi|Susaki]]||25,679||135.46||190||1954-10-01||[https://web.archive.org/web/20100213104510/http://www.city.susaki.kochi.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Tosa, Kōchi|Tosa]]||29,726||91.59||325||1959-01-01||[http://www.inforyoma.or.jp/tosashi/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051212060935/http://www.inforyoma.or.jp/tosashi/ |date=2005-12-12 }} |- |align="left"|[[Muroto, Kōchi|Muroto]]||17,683||248.25||71.2||1959-03-01||[http://www.city.muroto.kochi.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Nankoku, Kōchi|Nankoku]]||50,315||125.35||401||1959-10-01||[http://www.city.nankoku.kochi.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031008163502/http://www.city.nankoku.kochi.jp/ |date=2003-10-08 }} |- |align="left"|[[Shimanto, Kōchi|Shimanto]]||37,182||632.42||58.8||2005-04-10||[http://www.city.shimanto.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kami, Kōchi|Kami]]||29,144||538.22||54.1||2006-03-01||[http://www.city.kami.kochi.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121031134322/http://www.city.kami.kochi.jp/ |date=2012-10-31 }} |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Konan</span>[[Kōnan, Kōchi]]||34,084||126.49||269||2006-03-01||[http://www.city.kochi-konan.lg.jp/] |} == Kumamoto == * population:2008-01-01<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pref.kumamoto.jp/statistics/jinko/jinko/geppo.htm |title=熊本県の人口と世帯数 月報<!-- Bot generated title --> |access-date=2008-04-03 |archive-date=2001-11-20 |archive-url=https://archive.is/20011120195824/http://www.pref.kumamoto.jp/statistics/jinko/jinko/geppo.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! City name !! Population !! Area !! Density !! Founded !! Homepage |- |align="left"|[[Kumamoto, Kumamoto|Kumamoto]]||670,348||267.23||2,509||1889-04-01||[http://www.city.kumamoto.kumamoto.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030423003228/http://www.city.kumamoto.kumamoto.jp/ |date=2003-04-23 }} |- |align="left"|[[Yatsushiro, Kumamoto|Yatsushiro]]||134,491||680.59||198||1940-09-01||[http://www.city.yatsushiro.kumamoto.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Hitoyoshi, Kumamoto|Hitoyoshi]]||36,556||210.55||174||1942-02-11||[http://www.city.hitoyoshi.kumamoto.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100401162749/http://www.city.hitoyoshi.kumamoto.jp/ |date=2010-04-01 }} |- |align="left"|[[Arao, Kumamoto|Arao]]||55,505||57.15||971||1942-04-01||[http://www.city.arao.kumamoto.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050829091234/http://www.city.arao.kumamoto.jp/ |date=2005-08-29 }} |- |align="left"|[[Minamata, Kumamoto|Minamata]]||28,123||162.88||173||1949-04-01||[http://www.minamatacity.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Tamana, Kumamoto|Tamana]]||70,747||152.55||464||1954-04-01||[http://www.city.tamana.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Yamaga, Kumamoto|Yamaga]]||56,741||299.67||189||1954-04-01||[http://www.city.yamaga.kumamoto.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050126040213/http://city.yamaga.kumamoto.jp/ |date=2005-01-26 }} |- |align="left"|[[Kikuchi, Kumamoto|Kikuchi]]||51,471||276.66||186||1958-08-01||[http://www.city.kikuchi.kumamoto.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110919121754/http://www.city.kikuchi.kumamoto.jp/ |date=2011-09-19 }} |- |align="left"|[[Uto, Kumamoto|Uto]]||37,897||74.19||511||1958-10-01||[http://www.city.uto.kumamoto.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120716212732/http://www.city.uto.kumamoto.jp/ |date=2012-07-16 }} |- |align="left"|[[Kamiamakusa, Kumamoto|Kamiamakusa]]||31,051||126.13||246||2004-03-31||[http://www.kamiamakusa-c.kumamoto-sgn.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090224085647/http://www.kamiamakusa-c.kumamoto-sgn.jp/ |date=2009-02-24 }} |- |align="left"|[[Uki, Kumamoto|Uki]]||62,718||188.56||333||2005-01-15||[http://www.city.uki.kumamoto.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Aso, Kumamoto|Aso]]||29,149||376.25||77.5||2005-02-11||[http://www.city.aso.kumamoto.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Koshi</span>[[Kōshi, Kumamoto|Kōshi]]||53,490||53.17||1,006||2006-02-27||[http://www.city.koshi.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Amakusa, Kumamoto|Amakusa]]||93,047||683.17||136||2006-03-27||[http://www.city.amakusa.kumamoto.jp/] |} == Kyoto == * population:2008-01-01<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pref.kyoto.jp/tokei/data/a0300i.html |title=Archive copy |access-date=2008-04-03 |archive-date=2008-02-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080225175115/http://www.pref.kyoto.jp/tokei/data/a0300i.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! City name !! Population !! Area !! Density !! Founded !! Homepage |- |align="left"|[[Kyoto, Kyoto|Kyoto]]||1,468,906||827.90||1,774||1889-04-01||[http://www.city.kyoto.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Fukuchiyama, Kyoto|Fukuchiyama]]||80,836||552.57||146||1937-04-01||[http://www.city.fukuchiyama.kyoto.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Maizuru, Kyoto|Maizuru]]||90,461||342.15||264||1943-05-27||[http://www.city.maizuru.kyoto.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Ayabe, Kyoto|Ayabe]]||37,081||347.11||107||1950-08-01||[http://www.city.ayabe.kyoto.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070210163241/http://www.city.ayabe.kyoto.jp/ |date=2007-02-10 }} |- |align="left"|[[Uji, Kyoto|Uji]]||191,297||67.55||2,832||1951-03-01||[http://www.city.uji.kyoto.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Miyazu, Kyoto|Miyazu]]||20,565||169.32||121||1954-06-01||[http://www.city.miyazu.kyoto.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kameoka, Kyoto|Kameoka]]||93,641||224.90||416||1955-01-01||[http://www.city.kameoka.kyoto.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Joyo</span>[[Jōyō, Kyoto|Jōyō]]||80,795||32.74||2,468||1972-05-03||[http://www.city.joyo.kyoto.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Muko</span>[[Mukō, Kyoto|Mukō]]||55,137||7.67||7,189||1972-10-01||[http://www.city.muko.kyoto.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Nagaokakyo</span>[[Nagaokakyō, Kyoto|Nagaokakyō]]||79,031||19.18||4,120||1972-10-01||[http://www.city.nagaokakyo.kyoto.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051125110930/http://www.city.nagaokakyo.kyoto.jp/ |date=2005-11-25 }} |- |align="left"|[[Yawata, Kyoto|Yawata]]||73,822||24.37||3,029||1977-11-01||[http://www.city.yawata.kyoto.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Kyotanabe</span>[[Kyōtanabe, Kyoto|Kyōtanabe]]||65,211||42.94||1,519||1997-04-01||[http://www.kyotanabe.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121013120104/http://www.kyotanabe.jp/ |date=2012-10-13 }} |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Kyotango</span>[[Kyōtango, Kyoto|Kyōtango]]||60,980||501.84||122||2004-04-01||[http://www.city.kyotango.kyoto.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121008195221/http://www.city.kyotango.kyoto.jp/ |date=2012-10-08 }} |- |align="left"|[[Nantan, Kyoto|Nantan]]||35,937||616.31||58.3||2006-06-01||[http://www.city.nantan.kyoto.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kizugawa, Kyoto|Kizugawa]]||66,783||85.12||785||2007-03-12||[http://www.city.kizugawa.lg.jp/] |} == Mi == * population:2008-01-01<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pref.mie.jp/DATABOX/library.htm#jinko |title=みえDataBox(データライブラリ)毎月調査<!-- Bot generated title --> |access-date=2008-04-03 |archive-date=2008-03-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080306000722/http://www.pref.mie.jp/databox/library.htm#jinko |url-status=dead }}</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! City name !! Population !! Area !! Density !! Founded !! Homepage |- |align="left"|[[Yokkaichi, Mi|Yokkaichi]]||306,584||205.53||1,492||1897-08-01||[http://www.city.yokkaichi.mie.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Matsusaka, Mi|Matsusaka]]||169,571||623.82||272||1933-02-01||[http://www.city.matsusaka.mie.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kuwana, Mi|Kuwana]]||140,816||136.61||1,031||1937-04-01||[http://www.city.kuwana.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Suzuka, Mi|Suzuka]]||197,437||194.67||1,014||1942-12-01||[http://www.city.suzuka.mie.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070217195322/http://www.city.suzuka.mie.jp/ |date=2007-02-17 }} |- |align="left"|[[Nabari, Mi|Nabari]]||81,184||129.76||626||1954-03-31||[http://www.city.nabari.mie.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070222100242/http://www.city.nabari.mie.jp/ |date=2007-02-22 }} |- |align="left"|[[Owase, Mi|Owase]]||21,272||193.16||110||1954-06-20||[http://www.city.owase.mie.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070706130035/http://www.city.owase.mie.jp/ |date=2007-07-06 }} |- |align="left"|[[Kameyama, Mi|Kameyama]]||50,304||190.91||263||1954-10-01||[http://www.city.kameyama.mie.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Toba, Mi|Toba]]||22,286||107.98||206||1954-11-01||[http://www.city.toba.mie.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Inabe, Mi|Inabe]]||46,676||219.58||213||2003-12-01||[http://www.city.inabe.mie.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Shima, Mi|Shima]]||56,758||179.70||316||2004-10-01||[http://www.city.shima.mie.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Iga, Mi|Iga]]||99,662||558.17||179||2004-11-01||[http://www.city.iga.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Ise, Mi|Ise]]||133,547||208.53||640||2005-11-01||[http://www.city.ise.mie.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kumano, Mi|Kumano]]||20,477||373.63||54.8||2005-11-01||[https://web.archive.org/web/20070217000826/http://www.city.kumano.mie.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Tsu, Mi|Tsu]]||289,215||710.81||407||2006-01-01||[http://www.info.city.tsu.mie.jp/] |} == Miyagi == * population:2008-01-01<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pref.miyagi.jp/toukei/toukeidata/zinkou/jinkou/suikei_top/suikei_top.htm |title=宮城県/統計課/統計データ/宮城県推計人口(月報)<!-- Bot generated title --> |access-date=2008-04-03 |archive-date=2011-03-22 |archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20110322131800/http://www.pref.miyagi.jp/toukei/toukeidata/zinkou/jinkou/suikei_top/suikei_top.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! City name !! Population !! Area !! Density !! Founded !! Homepage |- |align="left"|[[Sendai, Miyagi|Sendai]]||1,029,552||783.54||1,314||1889-04-01||[http://www.city.sendai.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Ishinomaki, Miyagi|Ishinomaki]]||163,840||555.77||295||1933-04-01||[http://www.city.ishinomaki.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Shiogama, Miyagi|Shiogama]]||58,057||17.86||3,251||1941-11-23||[http://www.city.shiogama.miyagi.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Shiroishi, Miyagi|Shiroishi]]||38,629||286.47||135||1954-04-01||[http://www.city.shiroishi.miyagi.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Natori, Miyagi|Natori]]||69,610||100.06||696||1958-10-01||[http://www.city.natori.miyagi.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kakuda, Miyagi|Kakuda]]||32,559||147.58||221||1958-10-01||[http://www.city.kakuda.miyagi.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Tagajo</span>[[Tagajō, Miyagi|Tagajō]]||63,200||19.65||3,216||1971-11-01||[http://www.city.tagajo.miyagi.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Iwanuma, Miyagi|Iwanuma]]||44,595||60.72||734||1971-11-01||[http://www.city.iwanuma.miyagi.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Tome, Miyagi|Tome]]||86,940||536.38||162||2005-04-01||[http://www.city.tome.miyagi.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kurihara, Miyagi|Kurihara]]||77,862||804.93||96.7||2005-04-01||[http://www.kuriharacity.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Higashimatsushima, Miyagi|Higashimatsushima]]||43,238||101.86||424||2005-04-01||[http://www.city.higashimatsushima.miyagi.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kesennuma, Miyagi|Kesennuma]]||64,578||226.67||285||2006-03-31||[http://www.city.kesennuma.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Osaki</span>[[Ōsaki, Miyagi|Ōsaki]]||137,164||796.76||172||2006-03-31||[http://www.city.osaki.miyagi.jp/] |} == Miyazaki == * population:2008-01-01<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pref.miyazaki.lg.jp/contents/org/honbu/toukei/jinko-setai/index.html |title=市町村別人口と世帯数 |access-date=2008-04-03 |archive-date=2008-02-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080219020019/http://www.pref.miyazaki.lg.jp/contents/org/honbu/toukei/jinko-setai/index.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! City name !! Population !! Area !! Density !! Founded !! Homepage |- |align="left"|[[Miyazaki, Miyazaki|Miyazaki]]||369,473||596.80||619||1924-04-01||[http://www.city.miyazaki.miyazaki.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Miyakonojo</span>[[Miyakonojō, Miyazaki|Miyakonojō]]||169,384||653.31||259||1924-04-01||[http://www.city.miyakonojo.miyazaki.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Nobeoka, Miyazaki|Nobeoka]]||132,480||867.97||153||1933-02-11||[http://www.city.nobeoka.miyazaki.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Nichinan, Miyazaki|Nichinan]]||43,264||294.46||147||1950-01-01||[http://www.city-nichinan.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080113133737/http://www.city-nichinan.jp/ |date=2008-01-13 }} |- |align="left"|[[Kobayashi, Miyazaki|Kobayashi]]||40,514||474.23||85.4||1950-04-01||[http://www.city.kobayashi.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Hyuga</span>[[Hyūga, Miyazaki|Hyūga]]||63,066||336.29||188||1951-04-01||[https://web.archive.org/web/20160204030326/http://www.city.hyuga.miyazaki.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kushima, Miyazaki|Kushima]]||21,386||294.96||72.5||1954-11-03||[http://www.city.kushima.miyazaki.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Saito, Miyazaki|Saito]]||33,290||438.56||75.9||1958-11-01||[http://www.city.saito.miyazaki.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030928215807/http://www.city.saito.miyazaki.jp/ |date=2003-09-28 }} |- |align="left"|[[Ebino, Miyazaki|Ebino]]||22,445||283.00||79.3||1970-12-01||[http://www.city.ebino.lg.jp/] |} == Nagano == * population:2008-01-01<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www3.pref.nagano.jp/toukei1/jinkou/jinkou_1.htm |title=毎月人口異動調査結果 |access-date=2008-04-03 |archive-date=2008-06-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080614041638/http://www3.pref.nagano.jp/toukei1/jinkou/jinkou_1.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! City name !! Population !! Area !! Density !! Founded !! Homepage |- |align="left"|[[Matsumoto, Nagano|Matsumoto]]||227,392||919.35||247||1907-05-01||[http://www.city.matsumoto.nagano.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Okaya, Nagano|Okaya]]||53,722||85.14||631||1936-04-01||[http://www.city.okaya.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Suwa, Nagano|Suwa]]||52,671||109.06||483||1941-08-10||[http://www.city.suwa.nagano.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050617013039/http://www.city.suwa.nagano.jp/ |date=2005-06-17 }} |- |align="left"|[[Suzaka, Nagano|Suzaka]]||53,097||149.84||354||1954-04-01||[http://www.city.suzaka.nagano.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Komoro, Nagano|Komoro]]||45,333||98.66||459||1954-04-01||[http://www.city.komoro.nagano.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20020914050105/http%3A//www.city.komoro.nagano.jp/ |date=2002-09-14 }} |- |align="left"|[[Komagane, Nagano|Komagane]]||34,696||165.92||209||1954-07-01||[http://www.city.komagane.nagano.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Omachi</span>[[Ōmachi, Nagano|Ōmachi]]||31,276||564.99||55.4||1954-07-01||[http://www.city.omachi.nagano.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Iiyama, Nagano|Iiyama]]||24,155||202.32||119||1954-08-01||[http://www.city.iiyama.nagano.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Iida, Nagano|Iida]]||107,129||658.76||163||1956-09-30||[http://www.city.iida.nagano.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090831091330/http://www.city.iida.nagano.jp/ |date=2009-08-31 }} |- |align="left"|[[Chino, Nagano|Chino]]||57,363||266.41||215||1958-08-01||[http://www.city.chino.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Shiojiri, Nagano|Shiojiri]]||67,781||290.13||234||1959-04-01||[http://www.city.shiojiri.nagano.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010720092104/http://www.city.shiojiri.nagano.jp/ |date=2001-07-20 }} |- |align="left"|[[Nagano, Nagano|Nagano]]||378,204||730.83||517||1966-10-16||[http://www.city.nagano.nagano.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Chikuma, Nagano|Chikuma]]||63,305||119.84||528||2003-09-01||[http://www.city.chikuma.nagano.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030901020411/http://www.city.chikuma.nagano.jp/ |date=2003-09-01 }} |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Tomi</span>[[Tōmi, Nagano|Tōmi]]||31,211||112.30||278||2004-04-01||[http://www.city.tomi.nagano.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Nakano, Nagano|Nakano]]||46,295||112.06||413||2005-04-01||[http://www.city.nakano.nagano.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Saku, Nagano|Saku]]||100,077||423.99||236||2005-04-01||[http://www.city.saku.nagano.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Azumino, Nagano|Azumino]]||97,084||331.82||293||2005-10-01||[http://www.city.azumino.nagano.jp] |- |align="left"|[[Ueda, Nagano|Ueda]]||161,887||552.00||293||2006-03-06||[http://www.city.ueda.nagano.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Ina, Nagano|Ina]]||71,937||667.81||108||2006-03-31||[http://www.inacity.jp/] |} == Nagasaki == * population:2008-01-01<ref>[http://www.pref.nagasaki.jp/toukei/new_date/nen_geppou/tuki/kokuseichousa/suikei/suikei.htm 長崎県公式ウェブサイト|長崎県の統計長崎県統計課のホームページへようこそ世帯数と推計人口<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! City name !! Population !! Area !! Density !! Founded !! Homepage |- |align="left"|[[Nagasaki, Nagasaki|Nagasaki]]||448,792||406.37||1,104||1889-04-01||[http://www1.city.nagasaki.nagasaki.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151230090651/http://www1.city.nagasaki.nagasaki.jp/ |date=2015-12-30 }} |- |align="left"|[[Sasebo, Nagasaki|Sasebo]]||254,650||364.00||700||1902-04-01||[http://www.city.sasebo.nagasaki.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040702014029/http://www.city.sasebo.nagasaki.jp/ |date=2004-07-02 }} |- |align="left"|[[Shimabara, Nagasaki|Shimabara]]||48,953||82.77||591||1940-04-01||[http://www.city.shimabara.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Omura</span>[[Ōmura, Nagasaki|Ōmura]]||89,650||126.34||710||1942-02-11||[http://www.city.omura.nagasaki.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Tsushima, Nagasaki]]||36,347||708.81||51.3||2004-03-01||[http://www.city.tsushima.nagasaki.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Iki, Nagasaki|Iki]]||30,352||138.50||219||2004-03-01||[http://www.city.iki.nagasaki.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Goto</span>[[Gotō, Nagasaki|Gotō]]||42,447||420.77||101||2004-08-01||[http://www.city.goto.nagasaki.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Isahaya, Nagasaki|Isahaya]]||142,635||312.24||457||2005-03-01||[http://www.city.isahaya.nagasaki.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Saikai, Nagasaki|Saikai]]||32,737||241.95||135||2005-04-01||[http://www.city.saikai.nagasaki.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Hirado, Nagasaki|Hirado]]||36,785||235.63||156||2005-10-01||[http://www.city.hirado.lg.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090416075114/http://www.city.hirado.lg.jp/ |date=2009-04-16 }} |- |align="left"|[[Unzen, Nagasaki|Unzen]]||48,701||206.92||235||2005-10-11||[http://www.city.unzen.nagasaki.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Matsuura, Nagasaki|Matsuura]]||26,007||130.35||200||2006-01-01||[http://www.city-matsuura.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Minamishimabara, Nagasaki|Minamishimabara]]||52,347||169.88||308||2006-03-31||[http://www.city.Minamishimabara.lg.jp/] |} == Nara == * population:2008-01-01<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pref.nara.jp/pro/toukei/group/jinkou/jinkou.htm |title=各種人口統計<!-- Bot generated title --> |access-date=2008-04-03 |archive-date=2008-01-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080118064416/http://www.pref.nara.jp/pro/toukei/group/jinkou/jinkou.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! City name !! Population !! Area !! Density !! Founded !! Homepage |- |align="left"|[[Nara, Nara|Nara]]||367,393||276.84||1,327||1898-02-01||[http://www.city.nara.nara.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031008220336/http://www.city.nara.nara.jp/ |date=2003-10-08 }} |- |align="left"|[[Yamatotakada, Nara|Yamatotakada]]||69,473||16.49||4,213||1948-01-01||[http://www.city.yamatotakada.nara.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Yamatokoriyama</span>[[Yamatokōriyama, Nara|Yamatokōriyama]]||90,223||42.68||2,114||1954-01-01||[http://www.city.yamatokoriyama.nara.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Tenri, Nara|Tenri]]||70,702||86.37||819||1954-04-01||[http://www.city.tenri.nara.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kashihara, Nara|Kashihara]]||124,679||39.52||3,155||1956-02-11||[http://www.city.kashihara.nara.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Sakurai, Nara|Sakurai]]||60,699||98.92||614||1956-09-01||[http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20020914050354/http%3A//www.city.sakurai.nara.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Gojo</span>[[Gojō, Nara|Gojō]]||36,002||292.05||123||1957-10-15||[http://www.city.gojo.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Gose, Nara|Gose]]||31,160||60.58||514||1958-03-31||[http://www.city.gose.nara.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Ikoma, Nara|Ikoma]]||115,359||53.18||2,169||1971-11-01||[http://www.city.ikoma.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kashiba, Nara|Kashiba]]||72,967||24.23||3,011||1991-10-01||[http://www.city.kashiba.nara.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Katsuragi, Nara|Katsuragi]]||35,194||33.73||1,043||2004-10-01||[http://www.city.katsuragi.nara.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Uda, Nara|Uda]]||35,895||247.62||145||2006-01-01||[http://www.city.uda.nara.jp/] |} == Niigata == * population:2008-01-01<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pref.niigata.lg.jp/tokei/1194797750548.html |title=新潟県庁:新潟県人口移動調査(推計人口および人口移動)<!-- Bot generated title --> |access-date=2008-04-03 |archive-date=2008-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080221042515/http://www.pref.niigata.lg.jp/tokei/1194797750548.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! City name !! Population !! Area !! Density !! Founded !! Homepage |- |align="left"|[[Niigata, Niigata|Niigata]]||813,053||726.10||1,120||1889-04-01||[http://www.city.niigata.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Nagaoka, Niigata|Nagaoka]]||281,222||840.88||334||1906-04-01||[http://www.city.nagaoka.niigata.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kashiwazaki, Niigata|Kashiwazaki]]||93,506||442.70||211||1940-07-01||[http://www.city.kashiwazaki.niigata.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031011010046/http://www.city.kashiwazaki.niigata.jp/ |date=2003-10-11 }} |- |align="left"|[[Shibata, Niigata|Shibata]]||103,490||532.82||194||1947-01-01||[http://www.city.shibata.niigata.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031017121056/http://www.city.shibata.niigata.jp/ |date=2003-10-17 }} |- |align="left"|[[Ojiya, Niigata|Ojiya]]||39,304||155.12||253||1954-03-10||[http://www.city.ojiya.niigata.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kamo, Niigata|Kamo]]||30,800||133.68||230||1954-03-10||[http://www.city.kamo.niigata.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Mitsuke, Niigata|Mitsuke]]||42,139||77.96||541||1954-03-31||[http://www.city.mitsuke.niigata.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Murakami, Niigata|Murakami]]||30,197||142.12||212||1954-03-31||[http://www.city.murakami.niigata.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050828083750/http://www.city.murakami.niigata.jp/ |date=2005-08-28 }} |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Myoko</span>[[Myōkō, Niigata|Myōkō]]||36,837||445.52||82.7||1954-11-01||[http://www.city.myoko.niigata.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Joetsu</span>[[Jōetsu, Niigata|Jōetsu]]||206,175||973.32||212||1971-04-29||[http://www.city.joetsu.niigata.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Sado, Niigata|Sado]]||65,037||855.26||76.0||2004-03-01||[http://www.city.sado.niigata.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Agano, Niigata|Agano]]||46,158||192.72||240||2004-04-01||[http://www.city.agano.niigata.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Uonuma, Niigata|Uonuma]]||42,334||946.93||44.7||2004-11-01||[http://www.city.uonuma.niigata.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927014907/http://www.city.uonuma.niigata.jp/uogaku/ |date=2007-09-27 }} |- |align="left"|[[Minamiuonuma, Niigata|Minamiuonuma]]||62,518||584.82||107||2004-11-01||[http://www.city.minamiuonuma.niigata.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Itoigawa, Niigata|Itoigawa]]||48,653||746.24||65.2||2005-03-19||[http://www.city.itoigawa.niigata.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040615224305/http://www.city.itoigawa.niigata.jp/ |date=2004-06-15 }} |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Tokamachi</span>[[Tōkamachi, Niigata|Tōkamachi]]||60,480||589.92||103||2005-04-01||[http://www.city.tokamachi.niigata.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160129140601/http://www.city.tokamachi.niigata.jp/ |date=2016-01-29 }} |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Sanjo</span>[[Sanjō, Niigata|Sanjō]]||103,199||432.01||239||2005-05-01||[http://www.city.sanjo.niigata.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Tainai, Niigata|Tainai]]||32,165||265.18||121||2005-09-01||[http://www.city.tainai.niigata.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Gosen, Niigata|Gosen]]||55,936||351.87||159||2006-01-01||[http://www.city.gosen.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Tsubame, Niigata|Tsubame]]||82,910||110.88||748||2006-03-20||[http://www.city.tsubame.niigata.jp/] |} == Ōita == * population:2008-01-01<ref>[http://www.pref.oita.jp/10800/chosakekka/jinko/index.html 各種統計調査結果/毎月流動人口調査<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! City name !! Population !! Area !! Density !! Founded !! Homepage |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Oita</span>[[Ōita, Ōita|Ōita]]||467,267||501.25||932||1911-04-01||[http://www.city.oita.oita.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Beppu, Ōita|Beppu]]||127,345||125.15||1,018||1924-04-01||[http://www.city.beppu.oita.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Nakatsu, Ōita|Nakatsu]]||84,179||491.09||171||1929-04-20||[http://www.city-nakatsu.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Hita, Ōita|Hita]]||72,601||666.19||109||1940-12-11||[http://www.city.hita.oita.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Saiki, Ōita|Saiki]]||78,675||903.44||87.1||1941-04-29||[http://www.city.saiki.oita.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Usuki, Ōita|Usuki]]||42,464||291.07||146||1950-04-01||[http://www.city.usuki.oita.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Tsukumi, Ōita|Tsukumi]]||20,561||79.53||259||1951-04-01||[http://www.city.tsukumi.oita.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Taketa, Ōita|Taketa]]||25,449||477.59||53.3||1954-03-31||[http://www.city.taketa.oita.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Bungotakada, Ōita|Bungotakada]]||24,484||206.64||118||1954-05-31||[http://www.city.bungotakada.oita.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Usa, Ōita|Usa]]||59,971||439.12||137||1967-04-01||[http://www.city.usa.oita.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Bungo-ono</span>[[Bungo-ōno, Ōita|Bungo-ōno]]||40,409||603.36||67.0||2005-03-31||[http://www.bungo-ohno.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kitsuki, Ōita|Kitsuki]]||33,465||280.01||120||2005-10-01||[http://www.city.kitsuki.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Yufu, Ōita|Yufu]]||35,298||319.16||111||2005-10-01||[http://www.city.yufu.oita.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kunisaki, Ōita|Kunisaki]]||33,473||317.81||105||2006-03-31||[http://www.city.kunisaki.oita.jp/] |} == Okayama == * population:2008-01-01<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pref.okayama.jp/soshiki/kakuka.html?sec_sec1=15 |title=岡山県統計管理課 毎月流動人口調査 |access-date=2008-04-03 |archive-date=2011-11-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111106122221/http://www.pref.okayama.jp/soshiki/kakuka.html?sec_sec1=15 |url-status=dead }}</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! City name !! Population !! Area !! Density !! Founded !! Homepage |- |align="left"|[[Okayama, Okayama|Okayama]]||701,293||789.91||887||1889-06-01||[http://www.city.okayama.okayama.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091019083515/http://www.city.okayama.okayama.jp/ |date=2009-10-19 }} |- |align="left"|[[Kurashiki, Okayama|Kurashiki]]||472,452||354.71||1,332||1928-04-01||[http://www.city.kurashiki.okayama.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Tsuyama, Okayama|Tsuyama]]||109,493||506.36||216||1929-02-11||[http://www.city.tsuyama.lg.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120820085908/http://www.city.tsuyama.lg.jp/ |date=2012-08-20 }} |- |align="left"|[[Tamano, Okayama|Tamano]]||65,723||103.63||634||1940-08-03||[http://www.city.tamano.okayama.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031014090840/http://www.city.tamano.okayama.jp/ |date=2003-10-14 }} |- |align="left"|[[Kasaoka, Okayama|Kasaoka]]||55,987||136.03||412||1952-04-01||[http://www.city.kasaoka.okayama.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Ibara, Okayama|Ibara]]||44,423||243.36||183||1953-04-01||[http://www.city.ibara.okayama.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Soja</span>[[Sōja, Okayama|Sōja]]||66,789||212.00||315||1954-03-31||[http://www.city.soja.okayama.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Takahashi, Okayama|Takahashi]]||37,573||547.01||68.7||1954-05-01||[http://www.city.takahashi.okayama.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Niimi, Okayama|Niimi]]||35,022||793.27||44.1||1954-06-01||[http://www.city.niimi.okayama.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Bizen, Okayama|Bizen]]||39,117||258.23||151||1971-04-01||[http://www.city.bizen.okayama.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Setouchi, Okayama|Setouchi]]||38,645||125.53||308||2004-11-01||[http://www.city.setouchi.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Akaiwa, Okayama|Akaiwa]]||43,742||209.43||209||2005-03-07||[http://www.city.akaiwa.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Maniwa, Okayama|Maniwa]]||50,405||828.43||60.8||2005-03-31||[http://www.city.maniwa.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Mimasaka, Okayama|Mimasaka]]||31,550||429.19||73.5||2005-03-31||[http://www.city.mimasaka.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Asakuchi, Okayama|Asakuchi]]||37,108||66.46||558||2006-03-21||[http://www.city.asakuchi.okayama.jp/] |} == Okinawa == * population:2008-01-01<ref>[http://www.pref.okinawa.jp/toukeika/estimates/estidata.html ‰«“ꌧ?„Œv?lŒûƒf [ƒ^ˆê—— iExcelŒ`Ž® j<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! City name !! Population !! Area !! Density !! Founded !! Homepage |- |align="left"|[[Naha, Okinawa|Naha]]||314,162||39.23||7,963||1921-05-20||[http://www.city.naha.okinawa.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Ishigaki, Okinawa|Ishigaki]]||46,489||229.00||195||1947-07-10||[http://www.city.ishigaki.okinawa.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Ginowan, Okinawa|Ginowan]]||91,233||19.70||4,569||1962-07-01||[http://www.city.ginowan.okinawa.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100318044008/http://www.city.ginowan.okinawa.jp/ |date=2010-03-18 }} |- |align="left"|[[Urasoe, Okinawa|Urasoe]]||108,052||19.09||5,516||1970-07-01||[http://www.8761234.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Nago, Okinawa|Nago]]||60,598||210.30||278||1970-08-01||[http://www.city.nago.okinawa.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Itoman, Okinawa|Itoman]]||56,171||46.63||1,200||1971-12-01||[http://www.city.itoman.okinawa.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031010070538/http://www.city.itoman.okinawa.jp/ |date=2003-10-10 }} |- |align="left"|[[Okinawa, Okinawa|Okinawa]]||128,421||49.00||2,565||1974-04-01||[http://www.city.okinawa.okinawa.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Tomigusuku, Okinawa|Tomigusuku]]||54,586||19.45||2,751||2002-04-01||[http://www.city.tomigusuku.okinawa.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070309075111/http://j2k.naver.com/j2k_frame.php/korean/www.city.tomigusuku.okinawa.jp/ |date=2007-03-09 }} |- |align="left"|[[Uruma, Okinawa|Uruma]]||114,087||86.03||1,313||2005-04-01||[http://www.city.uruma.okinawa.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050520003645/http://www.city.uruma.okinawa.jp/ |date=2005-05-20 }} |- |align="left"|[[Miyakojima, Okinawa|Miyakojima]]||52,777||204.54||275||2005-10-01||[http://www.city.miyakojima.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Nanjo</span>[[Nanjō, Okinawa|Nanjō]]||39,458||49.70||819||2006-01-01||[http://www.city.nanjo.okinawa.jp/] |} == Osaka == * population:2008-01-01<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pref.osaka.jp/toukei/jinkou/index.html |title=大阪府毎月推計人口 |access-date=2008-04-03 |archive-date=2013-11-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131106023139/http://www.pref.osaka.jp/toukei/jinkou/index.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! City name !! Population !! Area !! Density !! Founded !! Homepage |- |align="left"|[[Osaka, Osaka|Osaka]]||2,645,305||222.30||11,900||1889-04-01||[http://www.city.osaka.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080404214244/http://www.city.osaka.jp/ |date=2008-04-04 }} |- |align="left"|[[Sakai, Osaka]]||835,333||149.99||5,569||1889-04-01||[http://www.city.sakai.osaka.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121111095125/http://www.city.sakai.osaka.jp/ |date=2012-11-11 }} |- |align="left"|[[Kishiwada, Osaka|Kishiwada]]||200,538||72.24||2,776||1922-11-01||[http://www.city.kishiwada.osaka.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090103101744/http://www.city.kishiwada.osaka.jp/index_e.html |date=2009-01-03 }} |- |align="left"|[[Toyonaka, Osaka|Toyonaka]]||387,269||36.38||10,645||1936-10-15||[http://www.city.toyonaka.osaka.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Ikeda, Osaka|Ikeda]]||104,426||22.09||4,727||1939-04-29||[http://www.city.ikeda.osaka.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Suita, Osaka|Suita]]||354,600||36.11||9,820||1940-04-01||[http://www.city.suita.osaka.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Izumiotsu</span>[[Izumiōtsu, Osaka|Izumiōtsu]]||78,014||12.80||6,095||1942-04-01||[http://www.city.izumiotsu.osaka.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030928055053/http://www.city.izumiotsu.osaka.jp/ |date=2003-09-28 }} |- |align="left"|[[Takatsuki, Osaka|Takatsuki]]||354,228||105.31||3,364||1943-01-01||[http://www.city.takatsuki.osaka.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kaizuka, Osaka|Kaizuka]]||90,447||43.99||2,056||1943-05-01||[http://www.city.kaizuka.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Moriguchi, Osaka|Moriguchi]]||146,294||12.73||11,492||1946-11-01||[http://www.city.moriguchi.osaka.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Hirakata, Osaka|Hirakata]]||406,201||65.08||6,242||1947-08-01||[http://www.city.hirakata.osaka.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Ibaraki, Osaka|Ibaraki]]||272,240||76.52||3,558||1948-01-01||[http://www.city.ibaraki.osaka.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Yao, Osaka|Yao]]||273,244||41.71||6,551||1948-04-01||[http://www.city.yao.osaka.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Izumisano, Osaka|Izumisano]]||99,636||55.03||1,811||1948-04-01||[http://www.city.izumisano.osaka.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060813172929/http://www.city.izumisano.osaka.jp/ |date=2006-08-13 }} |- |align="left"|[[Tondabayashi, Osaka|Tondabayashi]]||122,205||39.66||3,081||1950-04-01||[http://www.city.tondabayashi.osaka.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070226104118/http://www.city.tondabayashi.osaka.jp/ |date=2007-02-26 }} |- |align="left"|[[Neyagawa, Osaka|Neyagawa]]||239,029||24.73||9,666||1951-05-03||[http://www.city.neyagawa.osaka.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kawachinagano, Osaka|Kawachinagano]]||114,428||109.61||1,044||1954-04-01||[http://www.city.kawachinagano.osaka.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Matsubara, Osaka|Matsubara]]||125,274||16.66||7,519||1955-02-01||[http://www.city.matsubara.osaka.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070219030756/http://www.city.matsubara.osaka.jp/ |date=2007-02-19 }} |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Daito</span>[[Daitō, Osaka|Daitō]]||125,847||18.27||6,888||1956-04-01||[http://www.city.daito.osaka.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081216082546/http://www.city.daito.osaka.jp/ |date=2008-12-16 }} |- |align="left"|[[Izumi, Osaka]]||179,352||84.98||2,110||1956-09-01||[http://www.city.izumi.osaka.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Minoh, Osaka]]||127,757||47.84||2,671||1956-12-01||[http://www.city.minoh.osaka.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kashiwara, Osaka|Kashiwara]]||75,875||25.39||2,988||1958-10-01||[http://www.city.kashiwara.osaka.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Habikino, Osaka|Habikino]]||118,281||26.44||4,474||1959-01-15||[http://www.city.habikino.osaka.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040331180616/http://www.city.habikino.osaka.jp/ |date=2004-03-31 }} |- |align="left"|[[Kadoma, Osaka|Kadoma]]||130,026||12.28||10,588||1963-08-01||[http://www.city.kadoma.osaka.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Settsu, Osaka|Settsu]]||84,330||14.88||5,667||1966-11-01||[http://www.city.settsu.osaka.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Takaishi, Osaka|Takaishi]]||60,077||11.35||5,293||1966-11-01||[http://www.city.takaishi.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Fujiidera, Osaka|Fujiidera]]||65,892||8.89||7,412||1966-11-01||[http://www.city.fujiidera.osaka.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070416203514/http://www.city.fujiidera.osaka.jp/ |date=2007-04-16 }} |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Higashiosaka</span>[[Higashiōsaka, Osaka|Higashiōsaka]]||509,157||61.81||8,237||1967-02-01||[http://www.city.higashiosaka.osaka.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031005161739/http://www.city.higashiosaka.osaka.jp/ |date=2003-10-05 }} |- |align="left"|[[Sennan, Osaka|Sennan]]||64,916||48.48||1,339||1970-07-01||[http://www.city.sennan.osaka.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070211222511/http://www.city.sennan.osaka.jp/ |date=2007-02-11 }} |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Shijonawate</span>[[Shijōnawate, Osaka|Shijōnawate]]||57,239||18.74||3,054||1970-07-01||[http://www.city.shijonawate.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Katano, Osaka|Katano]]||77,853||25.55||3,047||1971-11-03||[http://www.city.katano.osaka.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Osakasayama</span>[[Ōsakasayama, Osaka|Ōsakasayama]]||58,661||11.86||4,946||1987-10-01||[http://www.city.osakasayama.osaka.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Hannan, Osaka|Hannan]]||56,853||36.10||1,575||1991-10-01||[http://www.city.hannan.osaka.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070304100204/http://www.city.hannan.osaka.jp/ |date=2007-03-04 }} |} == Saga == * population:2008-01-01<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pref.saga.lg.jp/toukei/php3/houkokusyo/hou_nen.php3?nendo_number=2001&sessionid= |title={{Webarchive|url=https://archive.is/20121219095948/ |date=2012-12-19 }} ƒgƒbƒvƒy &#91;ƒW<!-- Bot generated title --> |access-date=2008-04-03 |archive-date=2012-12-19 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121219095948/http://www.pref.saga.lg.jp/toukei/php3/houkokusyo/hou_nen.php3?nendo_number=2001&sessionid= |url-status=dead }}</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! City name !! Population !! Area !! Density !! Founded !! Homepage |- |align="left"|[[Tosu, Saga|Tosu]]||66,842||71.73||932||1954-04-01||[http://www.city.tosu.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Imari, Saga|Imari]]||57,604||254.99||226||1954-04-01||[http://www.city.imari.saga.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kashima, Saga]]||31,326||112.10||279||1954-04-01||[http://www.city.kashima.saga.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100505115227/http://www.city.kashima.saga.jp/ |date=2010-05-05 }} |- |align="left"|[[Taku, Saga|Taku]]||22,165||96.93||229||1954-05-01||[http://www.city.taku.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Karatsu, Saga|Karatsu]]||129,194||487.45||265||2005-01-01||[http://www.city.karatsu.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Ogi, Saga|Ogi]]||45,516||95.85||475||2005-03-01||[http://www.city.ogi.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Saga, Saga|Saga]]||239,932||431.42||556||2005-10-01||[http://www.city.saga.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Ureshino, Saga|Ureshino]]||29,644||126.51||234||2006-01-01||[http://www.city.ureshino.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Takeo, Saga|Takeo]]||50,788||195.44||260||2006-03-01||[http://www.city.takeo.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kanzaki, Saga|Kanzaki]]||33,449||125.01||268||2006-03-20||[http://www.city.kanzaki.saga.jp/] |} == Saitama == * population:2008-01-01<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pref.saitama.lg.jp/A01/BP00/03.html |title=埼玉県推計人口 |access-date=2008-04-03 |archive-date=2008-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080221164805/http://www.pref.saitama.lg.jp/A01/BP00/03.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! City name !! Population !! Area !! Density !! Founded !! Homepage |- |align="left"|[[Kawagoe, Saitama|Kawagoe]]||335,693||109.16||3,075||1922-12-01||[http://www.city.kawagoe.saitama.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070213071307/http://www.city.kawagoe.saitama.jp/ |date=2007-02-13 }} |- |align="left"|[[Kawaguchi, Saitama|Kawaguchi]]||492,675||55.75||8,837||1933-04-01||[http://www.city.kawaguchi.saitama.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031019041616/http://www.city.kawaguchi.saitama.jp/ |date=2003-10-19 }} |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Gyoda</span>[[Gyōda, Saitama|Gyōda]]||87,462||67.37||1,298||1949-05-03||[http://www.city.gyoda.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Chichibu, Saitama|Chichibu]]||69,139||577.69||120||1950-04-01||[http://www.city.chichibu.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Tokorozawa, Saitama|Tokorozawa]]||338,560||71.99||4,703||1950-11-03||[http://www.city.tokorozawa.saitama.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Hanno</span>[[Hannō, Saitama|Hannō]]||84,053||193.16||435||1954-01-01||[http://www.city.hanno.saitama.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070219024658/http://www.city.hanno.saitama.jp/ |date=2007-02-19 }} |- |align="left"|[[Kazo, Saitama|Kazo]]||67,862||59.40||1,142||1954-05-03||[http://www.city.kazo.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Higashimatsuyama, Saitama|Higashimatsuyama]]||90,840||65.33||1,390||1954-07-01||[http://www.city.higashimatsuyama.saitama.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031019181622/http://www.city.higashimatsuyama.saitama.jp/ |date=2003-10-19 }} |- |align="left"|[[Sayama, Saitama|Sayama]]||156,634||49.04||3,194||1954-07-01||[http://www.city.sayama.saitama.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Hanyu</span>[[Hanyū, Saitama|Hanyū]]||56,820||58.55||970||1954-09-01||[http://www.city.hanyu.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Konosu</span>[[Kōnosu, Saitama|Kōnosu]]||119,768||67.49||1,775||1954-09-30||[http://www.city.kounosu.saitama.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Ageo, Saitama|Ageo]]||222,479||45.55||4,884||1958-07-15||[http://www.city.ageo.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Soka</span>[[Sōka, Saitama|Sōka]]||237,964||27.42||8,678||1958-11-01||[http://www.city.soka.saitama.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Koshigaya, Saitama|Koshigaya]]||318,592||60.31||5,283||1958-11-03||[http://www.city.koshigaya.saitama.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Warabi, Saitama|Warabi]]||70,410||5.10||13,806||1959-04-01||[http://www.city.warabi.saitama.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Toda, Saitama|Toda]]||118,591||18.17||6,527||1966-10-01||[http://www.city.toda.saitama.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Iruma, Saitama|Iruma]]||148,203||44.74||3,313||1966-11-01||[http://www.city.iruma.saitama.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Hatogaya, Saitama|Hatogaya]]||60,208||6.22||9,680||1967-03-01||[http://www.city.hatogaya.saitama.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031023200804/http://www.city.hatogaya.saitama.jp/ |date=2003-10-23 }} |- |align="left"|[[Asaka, Saitama|Asaka]]||126,902||18.38||6,904||1967-03-15||[http://www.city.asaka.saitama.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031020205457/http://www.city.asaka.saitama.jp/ |date=2003-10-20 }} |- |align="left"|[[Shiki, Saitama|Shiki]]||68,531||9.06||7,564||1970-10-26||[http://www.city.shiki.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Wako</span>[[Wakō, Saitama|Wakō]]||78,575||11.04||7,117||1970-10-31||[http://www.city.wako.saitama.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031212090244/http://www.city.wako.saitama.jp/ |date=2003-12-12 }} |- |align="left"|[[Niiza, Saitama|Niiza]]||155,926||22.80||6,839||1970-11-01||[http://www.city.niiza.saitama.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061005192843/http://www.city.niiza.saitama.jp/ |date=2006-10-05 }} |- |align="left"|[[Okegawa, Saitama|Okegawa]]||74,703||25.26||2,957||1970-11-03||[http://www.city.okegawa.lg.jp/index01.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080114142555/http://www.city.okegawa.lg.jp/index01.html |date=2008-01-14 }} |- |align="left"|[[Kuki, Saitama|Kuki]]||71,667||25.35||2,827||1971-10-01||[http://www.city.kuki.saitama.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050827001932/http://www.city.kuki.saitama.jp/ |date=2005-08-27 }} |- |align="left"|[[Kitamoto, Saitama|Kitamoto]]||69,903||19.84||3,523||1971-11-03||[http://www.city.kitamoto.saitama.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070224215300/http://www.city.kitamoto.saitama.jp/ |date=2007-02-24 }} |- |align="left"|[[Yashio, Saitama|Yashio]]||78,601||18.03||4,359||1972-01-15||[http://www.city.yashio.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Fujimi, Saitama|Fujimi]]||105,286||19.70||5,344||1972-04-10||[http://www.city.fujimi.saitama.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Misato, Saitama|Misato]]||128,956||30.16||4,276||1972-05-03||[http://www.city.misato.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Hasuda, Saitama|Hasuda]]||63,375||27.27||2,324||1972-10-01||[http://www.city.hasuda.saitama.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Sakado, Saitama|Sakado]]||99,680||40.97||2,433||1976-09-01||[http://www.city.sakado.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Satte, Saitama|Satte]]||53,485||33.95||1,575||1986-10-01||[http://www.city.satte.saitama.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070219054705/http://www.city.satte.saitama.jp/ |date=2007-02-19 }} |- |align="left"|[[Tsurugashima, Saitama|Tsurugashima]]||70,131||17.73||3,955||1991-09-01||[http://www.city.tsurugashima.saitama.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050717015130/http://www.city.tsurugashima.saitama.jp/ |date=2005-07-17 }} |- |align="left"|[[Hidaka, Saitama|Hidaka]]||55,454||47.50||1,167||1991-10-01||[http://www.city.hidaka.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Yoshikawa, Saitama|Yoshikawa]]||63,050||31.62||1,994||1996-04-01||[http://www.city.yoshikawa.saitama.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Saitama, Saitama|Saitama]]||1,192,418||217.49||5,483||2001-05-01||[http://www.city.saitama.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kumagaya, Saitama|Kumagaya]]||204,853||159.88||1,281||2005-10-01||[http://www.city.kumagaya.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kasukabe, Saitama|Kasukabe]]||236,854||65.98||3,590||2005-10-01||[http://www.city.kasukabe.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Fujimino, Saitama|Fujimino]]||103,724||14.67||7,070||2005-10-01||[http://www.city.fujimino.saitama.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Fukaya, Saitama|Fukaya]]||146,128||137.58||1,062||2006-01-01||[http://www.city.fukaya.saitama.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Honjo</span>[[Honjō, Saitama|Honjō]]||81,805||89.71||912||2006-01-10||[http://www.city.honjo.lg.jp/] |} == Shiga == * population:2008-01-01<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pref.shiga.jp/data/population/renew/#jinko |title=滋賀県/滋賀県の人口と世帯数<!-- Bot generated title --> |access-date=2008-04-03 |archive-date=2008-02-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080216061821/http://www.pref.shiga.jp/data/population/renew/#jinko |url-status=dead }}</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! City name !! Population !! Area !! Density !! Founded !! Homepage |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Otsu</span>[[Ōtsu, Shiga|Ōtsu]]||329,024||464.10||709||1898-10-01||[http://www.city.otsu.shiga.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Hikone, Shiga|Hikone]]||110,945||196.84||564||1937-02-11||[http://www.city.hikone.shiga.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110501090525/http://www.city.hikone.shiga.jp/ |date=2011-05-01 }} |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Omihachiman</span>[[Ōmihachiman, Shiga|Ōmihachiman]]||69,116||153.09||451||1954-03-31||[http://www.city.omihachiman.shiga.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kusatsu, Shiga|Kusatsu]]||123,512||67.92||1,818||1954-10-15||[http://www.city.kusatsu.shiga.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Moriyama, Shiga|Moriyama]]||74,263||54.81||1,355||1970-07-01||[http://www.city.moriyama.shiga.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161023173417/http://www.city.moriyama.shiga.jp/ |date=2016-10-23 }} |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Ritto</span>[[Rittō, Shiga|Rittō]]||62,353||52.75||1,182||2001-10-01||[http://www.city.ritto.shiga.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Koka</span>[[Kōka, Shiga|Kōka]]||94,007||481.69||195||2004-10-01||[http://www.city.koka.shiga.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080206022438/http://www.city.koka.shiga.jp/ |date=2008-02-06 }} |- |align="left"|[[Yasu, Shiga|Yasu]]||49,821||81.07||615||2004-10-01||[http://www.city.yasu.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Konan, Shiga]]||55,144||70.49||782||2004-10-01||[https://web.archive.org/web/20070925212042/http://www.city.konan.shiga.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Takashima, Shiga|Takashima]]||52,967||693.00||76.4||2005-01-01||[http://www.city.takashima.shiga.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060218063311/http://www.city.takashima.shiga.jp/ |date=2006-02-18 }} |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Higashiomi</span>[[Higashiōmi, Shiga|Higashiōmi]]||117,487||388.58||302||2005-02-11||[http://www.city.higashiomi.shiga.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Maibara, Shiga|Maibara]]||40,757||250.46||163||2005-02-14||[http://www.city.maibara.shiga.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090830215037/http://www.city.maibara.shiga.jp/ |date=2009-08-30 }} |- |align="left"|[[Nagahama, Shiga|Nagahama]]||83,555||247.01||338||2006-02-13||[http://www.city.nagahama.shiga.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230232547/http://www.city.nagahama.shiga.jp/ |date=2016-12-30 }} |} == Shimane == * population:2008-01-01<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.toukeika.pref.shimane.jp/toukei/st0/st0100.asp |title=しまね統計情報データベース 新着情報 今月の統計 推計人口(市町村別) |access-date=2008-04-03 |archive-date=2008-04-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080410125028/http://www.toukeika.pref.shimane.jp/toukei/st0/st0100.asp |url-status=dead }}</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! City name !! Population !! Area !! Density !! Founded !! Homepage |- |align="left"|[[Matsue, Shimane|Matsue]]||195,875||530.27||369||1889-04-01||[http://www.city.matsue.shimane.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180125141356/http://www.city.matsue.shimane.jp/ |date=2018-01-25 }} |- |align="left"|[[Izumo, Shimane|Izumo]]||146,115||543.48||269||1941-11-03||[http://www.city.izumo.shimane.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Masuda, Shimane|Masuda]]||50,980||733.16||69.5||1952-08-01||[http://www.iwami.or.jp/masudasi/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071125210121/http://www.iwami.or.jp/masudasi/ |date=2007-11-25 }} |- |align="left"|[[Yasugi, Shimane|Yasugi]]||42,997||420.97||102||1954-04-01||[http://www.city.yasugi.shimane.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Gotsu</span>[[Gōtsu, Shimane|Gōtsu]]||26,958||268.51||100||1954-04-01||[http://www.city.gotsu.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Unnan, Shimane|Unnan]]||43,269||553.37||78.2||2004-11-01||[http://www.city.unnan.shimane.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Hamada, Shimane|Hamada]]||61,325||689.60||88.9||2005-10-01||[http://www.city.hamada.shimane.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Oda</span>[[Ōda, Shimane|Ōda]]||39,593||436.11||90.8||2005-10-01||[http://www.iwamigin.jp/ohda/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160810222150/http://www.iwamigin.jp/ohda/ |date=2016-08-10 }} |} == Shizuoka == * population:2008-01-01<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://toukei.pref.shizuoka.jp/tokei/ |title=統計センターしずおか 静岡県人口推計 |access-date=2008-04-03 |archive-date=2008-02-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080203204758/http://toukei.pref.shizuoka.jp/tokei/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! City name !! Population !! Area !! Density !! Founded !! Homepage |- |align="left"|[[Shizuoka, Shizuoka|Shizuoka]]||710,944||1,388.78||512||1889-04-01||[http://www.city.shizuoka.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Hamamatsu, Shizuoka|Hamamatsu]]||811,431||1,511.17||537||1911-07-01||[http://www.city.hamamatsu.shizuoka.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Numazu, Shizuoka|Numazu]]||206,818||187.11||1,105||1923-07-01||[http://www.city.numazu.shizuoka.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Atami, Shizuoka|Atami]]||40,524||61.56||658||1937-04-10||[http://www.city.atami.shizuoka.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120426053204/http://www.city.atami.shizuoka.jp/ |date=2012-04-26 }} |- |align="left"|[[Mishima, Shizuoka|Mishima]]||112,320||62.13||1,808||1941-04-29||[http://www.city.mishima.shizuoka.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Fujinomiya, Shizuoka|Fujinomiya]]||122,122||314.81||388||1942-06-01||[http://www.city.fujinomiya.shizuoka.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081025001740/http://www.city.fujinomiya.shizuoka.jp/ |date=2008-10-25 }} |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Ito</span>[[Itō, Shizuoka|Itō]]||72,038||124.13||580||1947-08-10||[http://www.city.ito.shizuoka.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Shimada, Shizuoka|Shimada]]||95,762||195.40||490||1948-01-01||[http://www.city.shimada.shizuoka.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Iwata, Shizuoka|Iwata]]||172,583||164.08||1,052||1948-04-01||[http://www.city.iwata.shizuoka.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Yaizu, Shizuoka|Yaizu]]||120,331||46.01||2,615||1951-03-01||[http://www.city.yaizu.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kakegawa, Shizuoka|Kakegawa]]||118,660||265.63||447||1954-03-31||[http://www.city.kakegawa.shizuoka.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Fujieda, Shizuoka|Fujieda]]||129,637||140.74||921||1954-03-31||[http://www.city.fujieda.shizuoka.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Gotenba, Shizuoka|Gotenba]]||88,078||194.63||453||1955-02-11||[http://www.city.gotemba.shizuoka.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Fukuroi, Shizuoka|Fukuroi]]||85,163||108.56||784||1958-11-03||[http://www.city.fukuroi.shizuoka.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Fuji, Shizuoka|Fuji]]||237,279||214.10||1,108||1966-11-01||[http://www.city.fuji.shizuoka.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Shimoda, Shizuoka|Shimoda]]||25,784||104.70||246||1971-01-01||[http://www.city.shimoda.shizuoka.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Susono, Shizuoka|Susono]]||53,740||138.39||388||1971-01-01||[http://www.city.susono.shizuoka.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kosai, Shizuoka|Kosai]]||44,545||55.08||809||1972-01-01||[http://www.city.kosai.shizuoka.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Izu, Shizuoka|Izu]]||35,911||363.97||98.7||2004-04-01||[http://www.city.izu.shizuoka.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Omaezaki, Shizuoka|Omaezaki]]||35,015||65.85||532||2004-04-01||[http://www.city.omaezaki.shizuoka.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kikugawa, Shizuoka|Kikugawa]]||47,702||94.24||506||2005-01-17||[http://www.city.kikugawa.shizuoka.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Izunokuni, Shizuoka|Izunokuni]]||49,711||94.71||525||2005-04-01||[http://www.city.izunokuni.shizuoka.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Makinohara, Shizuoka|Makinohara]]||49,726||111.50||446||2005-10-11||[http://www.city.makinohara.shizuoka.jp/] |} == Tochigi == * population:2008-01-01<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pref.tochigi.jp/pref/toukei/toukei/popu1.html |title=栃木県毎月人口推計速報/栃木県<!-- Bot generated title --> |access-date=2008-04-03 |archive-date=2007-09-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070918144152/http://www.pref.tochigi.jp/pref/toukei/toukei/popu1.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! City name !! Population !! Area !! Density !! Founded !! Homepage |- |align="left"|[[Utsunomiya, Tochigi|Utsunomiya]]||507,833||416.84||1,218||1896-04-01||[http://www.city.utsunomiya.tochigi.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Ashikaga, Tochigi|Ashikaga]]||157,793||177.82||887||1921-01-01||[http://www.city.ashikaga.tochigi.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Tochigi, Tochigi|Tochigi]]||81,601||122.06||669||1937-04-01||[http://www.city.tochigi.tochigi.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100305195542/http://www.city.tochigi.tochigi.jp/ |date=2010-03-05 }} |- |align="left"|[[Kanuma, Tochigi|Kanuma]]||103,690||490.62||211||1948-10-10||[http://www.city.kanuma.tochigi.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Oyama, Tochigi|Oyama]]||162,283||171.61||946||1954-03-31||[http://www.city.oyama.tochigi.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Mooka, Tochigi|Mooka]]||66,705||111.76||597||1954-10-01||[http://www.city.moka.tochigi.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030919052800/http://www.city.moka.tochigi.jp/ |date=2003-09-19 }} |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Otawara</span>[[Ōtawara, Tochigi|Ōtawara]]||78,563||354.12||222||1954-12-01||[http://www.city.ohtawara.tochigi.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Yaita, Tochigi|Yaita]]||35,462||170.66||208||1958-11-01||[http://www.city.yaita.tochigi.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Nasushiobara, Tochigi|Nasushiobara]]||115,633||592.82||195||2005-01-01||[http://www.city.nasushiobara.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Sano, Tochigi|Sano]]||123,034||356.07||346||2005-02-28||[http://www.city.sano.tochigi.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080319093824/http://www.city.sano.tochigi.jp/ |date=2008-03-19 }} |- |align="left"|[[Sakura, Tochigi]]||42,403||125.46||338||2005-03-28||[http://www.city.tochigi-sakura.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Nasukarasuyama, Tochigi|Nasukarasuyama]]||30,433||174.42||174||2005-10-01||[http://www.city.nasukarasuyama.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Shimotsuke, Tochigi|Shimotsuke]]||59,459||74.58||797||2006-01-10||[http://www.city.shimotsuke.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Nikko</span>[[Nikkō, Tochigi|Nikkō]]||92,181||1,449.87||63.6||2006-03-20||[http://www.city.nikko.lg.jp/] |} == Tokushima == * population:2008-01-01<ref>[http://www.pref.tokushima.jp/Statistics.nsf/ 徳島県の統計情報 推計人口]</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! City name !! Population !! Area !! Density !! Founded !! Homepage |- |align="left"|[[Tokushima, Tokushima|Tokushima]]||266,370||191.39||1,392||1889-10-01||[http://www.city.tokushima.tokushima.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Naruto, Tokushima|Naruto]]||62,453||135.46||461||1947-03-15||[http://www.city.naruto.tokushima.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Komatsushima, Tokushima|Komatsushima]]||41,540||45.24||918||1951-06-01||[http://www.city.komatsushima.tokushima.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120204062523/http://www.city.komatsushima.tokushima.jp/ |date=2012-02-04 }} |- |align="left"|[[Anan, Tokushima|Anan]]||77,099||279.39||276||1958-05-01||[http://www.city.anan.tokushima.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Yoshinogawa, Tokushima|Yoshinogawa]]||44,905||144.19||311||2004-10-01||[http://www.city.yoshinogawa.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Mima, Tokushima|Mima]]||33,520||367.38||91.2||2005-03-01||[http://www.city.mima.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Awa, Tokushima|Awa]]||40,303||190.97||211||2005-04-01||[http://www.city.awa.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Miyoshi, Tokushima]]||32,329||721.48||44.8||2006-03-01||[http://www.city-miyoshi.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120722042934/http://www.city-miyoshi.jp/ |date=2012-07-22 }} |} == Tokyo == * population:2008-01-01<ref>[http://www.toukei.metro.tokyo.jp/jsuikei/js-index.htm 東京都の人口推計トップページ<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! City name !! Population !! Area !! Density !! Founded !! Homepage |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Hachioji</span>[[Hachiōji, Tokyo|Hachiōji]]||567,367||186.31||3,045||1917-09-01||[http://www.city.hachioji.tokyo.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Tachikawa, Tokyo|Tachikawa]]||175,639||24.38||7,204||1940-12-01||[http://www.city.tachikawa.tokyo.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081023195034/http://www.city.tachikawa.tokyo.jp/ |date=2008-10-23 }} |- |align="left"|[[Musashino, Tokyo|Musashino]]||138,516||10.73||12,909||1947-11-03||[http://www.city.musashino.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Mitaka, Tokyo|Mitaka]]||180,797||16.50||10,957||1950-11-03||[http://www.city.mitaka.tokyo.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061026011433/http://www.city.mitaka.tokyo.jp/ |date=2006-10-26 }} |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Ome</span>[[Ōme, Tokyo|Ōme]]||141,708||103.26||1,372||1951-04-01||[http://www.city.ome.tokyo.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Fuchu</span>[[Fuchū, Tokyo]]||248,445||29.34||8,468||1954-04-01||[http://www.city.fuchu.tokyo.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Akishima, Tokyo|Akishima]]||111,763||17.33||6,449||1954-05-01||[http://www.city.akishima.tokyo.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090501130554/http://www.city.akishima.tokyo.jp/ |date=2009-05-01 }} |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Chofu</span>[[Chōfu, Tokyo|Chōfu]]||219,053||21.53||10,174||1955-04-01||[http://www.city.chofu.tokyo.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Machida, Tokyo|Machida]]||413,786||71.63||5,777||1958-02-01||[http://www.city.machida.tokyo.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Koganei, Tokyo|Koganei]]||115,116||11.33||10,160||1958-10-01||[http://www.city.koganei.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kodaira, Tokyo|Kodaira]]||185,829||20.46||9,083||1962-10-01||[http://www.city.kodaira.tokyo.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Hino, Tokyo|Hino]]||179,482||27.53||6,520||1963-11-03||[http://www.city.hino.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Higashimurayama, Tokyo|Higashimurayama]]||146,585||17.17||8,537||1964-04-01||[http://www.city.higashimurayama.tokyo.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kokubunji, Tokyo|Kokubunji]]||118,801||11.48||10,349||1964-11-03||[http://www.city.kokubunji.tokyo.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kunitachi, Tokyo|Kunitachi]]||73,362||8.15||9,001||1967-01-01||[http://www.city.kunitachi.tokyo.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Fussa, Tokyo|Fussa]]||60,413||10.24||5,900||1970-07-01||[http://www.city.fussa.tokyo.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Komae, Tokyo|Komae]]||78,237||6.39||12,244||1970-10-01||[http://www.city.komae.tokyo.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Higashiyamato, Tokyo|Higashiyamato]]||81,445||13.54||6,015||1970-10-01||[http://www.city.higashiyamato.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kiyose, Tokyo|Kiyose]]||73,518||10.19||7,215||1970-10-01||[http://www.city.kiyose.tokyo.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070701174308/http://www.city.kiyose.tokyo.jp/ |date=2007-07-01 }} |- |align="left"|[[Higashikurume, Tokyo|Higashikurume]]||115,405||12.92||8,932||1970-10-01||[http://www.city.higashikurume.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Musashimurayama, Tokyo|Musashimurayama]]||68,333||15.37||4,446||1970-11-03||[http://www.city.musashimurayama.tokyo.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100126164716/http://www.city.musashimurayama.tokyo.jp/ |date=2010-01-26 }} |- |align="left"|[[Tama, Tokyo|Tama]]||149,404||21.08||7,087||1971-11-01||[http://www.city.tama.tokyo.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080715124647/http://www.city.tama.tokyo.jp/ |date=2008-07-15 }} |- |align="left"|[[Inagi, Tokyo|Inagi]]||80,772||17.97||4,495||1971-11-01||[http://www.city.inagi.tokyo.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Hamura, Tokyo|Hamura]]||56,984||9.91||5,750||1991-11-01||[http://www.city.hamura.tokyo.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Akiruno, Tokyo|Akiruno]]||80,268||73.34||1,094||1995-09-01||[http://www.city.akiruno.tokyo.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Nishitokyo</span>[[Nishitōkyō, Tokyo|Nishitōkyō]]||193,350||15.85||12,199||2001-01-21||[http://www.city.nishitokyo.lg.jp/] |} == Tottori == * population:2008-01-01<ref>[http://www.pref.tottori.lg.jp/dd.aspx?menuid=9974 鳥取県人口移動調査/とりネット/鳥取県公式サイト<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! City name !! Population !! Area !! Density !! Founded !! Homepage |- |align="left"|[[Tottori, Tottori|Tottori]]||200,315||765.66||262||1889-10-01||[http://www.city.tottori.tottori.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050119053120/http://www.city.tottori.tottori.jp/ |date=2005-01-19 }} |- |align="left"|[[Yonago, Tottori|Yonago]]||149,140||132.21||1,128||1927-04-01||[http://www.yonago-city.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071126135318/http://www.yonago-city.jp/ |date=2007-11-26 }} |- |align="left"|[[Kurayoshi, Tottori|Kurayoshi]]||51,453||272.15||189||1953-10-01||[http://www.city.kurayoshi.tottori.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071231191808/http://www.city.kurayoshi.tottori.jp/ |date=2007-12-31 }} |- |align="left"|[[Sakaiminato, Tottori|Sakaiminato]]||35,908||28.79||1,247||1956-04-01||[http://www.city.sakaiminato.tottori.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160725195545/http://www.city.sakaiminato.tottori.jp/ |date=2016-07-25 }} |} == Toyama == * population:2008-01-01<ref>[http://www.pref.toyama.jp/sections/1015/lib/jinko/index.html 人口移動調査<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! City name !! Population !! Area !! Density !! Founded !! Homepage |- |align="left"|[[Toyama, Toyama|Toyama]]||421,116||1,241.85||339||1889-04-01||[http://www.city.toyama.toyama.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Uozu, Toyama|Uozu]]||45,945||200.63||229||1952-04-01||[http://www.city.uozu.toyama.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Himi, Toyama|Himi]]||53,316||230.47||231||1952-08-01||[http://www.city.himi.toyama.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Namerikawa, Toyama|Namerikawa]]||33,789||54.61||619||1954-03-01||[http://www.city.namerikawa.toyama.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Tonami, Toyama|Tonami]]||49,396||126.96||389||1954-04-01||[http://www.city.tonami.toyama.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Oyabe, Toyama|Oyabe]]||32,656||134.11||244||1962-08-01||[http://www.city.oyabe.toyama.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Nanto, Toyama|Nanto]]||57,061||668.86||85.3||2004-11-01||[http://www.city.nanto.toyama.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051201124816/http://www.city.nanto.toyama.jp/ |date=2005-12-01 }} |- |align="left"|[[Takaoka, Toyama|Takaoka]]||178,965||209.38||855||2005-11-01||[http://www.city.takaoka.toyama.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Imizu, Toyama|Imizu]]||94,691||109.18||867||2005-11-01||[http://www.city.imizu.toyama.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kurobe, Toyama|Kurobe]]||42,612||426.34||99.9||2006-03-31||[http://kurobe.city.kurobe.toyama.jp/] |} == Wakayama == * population:2008-01-01<ref>http://www.pref.wakayama.lg.jp/prefg/020300/suikei/index.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180713231453/https://www.pref.wakayama.lg.jp/prefg/020300/suikei/index.html |date=2018-07-13 }} 毎月推計人口</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! City name !! Population !! Area !! Density !! Founded !! Homepage |- |align="left"|[[Wakayama, Wakayama|Wakayama]]||372,175||209.23||1,779||1889-04-01||[http://www.city.wakayama.wakayama.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kainan, Wakayama|Kainan]]||55,877||101.18||552||1934-05-01||[http://www.city.kainan.wakayama.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210210075705/http://www.city.kainan.wakayama.jp/ |date=2021-02-10 }} |- |align="left"|[[Tanabe, Wakayama|Tanabe]]||80,478||1,026.77||78.4||1942-05-20||[http://www.city.tanabe.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Gobo</span>[[Gobō, Wakayama|Gobō]]||26,335||43.93||599||1954-04-01||[http://www.city.gobo.wakayama.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Arida, Wakayama|Arida]]||31,194||36.92||845||1956-05-01||[http://www.city.arida.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Shingu</span>[[Shingū, Wakayama|Shingū]]||32,654||255.43||128||2005-10-01||[http://www.city.shingu.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kinokawa, Wakayama|Kinokawa]]||67,192||228.24||294||2005-11-07||[http://www.city.kinokawa.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Hashimoto, Wakayama|Hashimoto]]||67,505||130.31||518||2006-03-01||[http://www.city.hashimoto.wakayama.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060427091637/http://www.city.hashimoto.wakayama.jp/ |date=2006-04-27 }} |- |align="left"|[[Iwade, Wakayama|Iwade]]||51,843||38.50||1,347||2006-04-01||[http://www.city.iwade.wakayama.jp/] |} == Yamagata == * population:2008-01-01<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pref.yamagata.jp/ou/somu/020052/jinkou.html |title=山形県の人口と世帯数(月報)(推計)の統計表電子データについて — 山形県ホームページ<!-- Bot generated title --> |access-date=2008-04-03 |archive-date=2007-05-19 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/20070519180118/http://www.pref.yamagata.jp/ou/somu/020052/jinkou.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! City name !! Population !! Area !! Density !! Founded !! Homepage |- |align="left"|[[Yamagata, Yamagata]]||255,370||381.34||670||1889-04-01||[http://www.city.yamagata.yamagata.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Yonezawa, Yamagata|Yonezawa]]||91,704||548.74||167||1889-04-01||[http://www.city.yonezawa.yamagata.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Shinjo</span>[[Shinjō, Yamagata|Shinjō]]||39,808||223.08||178||1949-04-01||[http://www.city.shinjo.yamagata.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Sagae, Yamagata|Sagae]]||43,299||139.08||311||1954-08-01||[https://web.archive.org/web/20130517025028/http://www.city.sagae.yamagata.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kaminoyama, Yamagata|Kaminoyama]]||35,086||240.95||146||1954-10-01||[http://www.city.kaminoyama.yamagata.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Murayama, Yamagata|Murayama]]||27,586||196.83||140||1954-11-01||[https://web.archive.org/web/20221024104751/https://www.city.murayama.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Nagai, Yamagata|Nagai]]||30,285||214.69||141||1954-11-15||[http://www.city.nagai.yamagata.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Tendo</span>[[Tendō, Yamagata|Tendō]]||63,470||113.01||562||1958-10-01||[http://www.city.tendo.yamagata.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Higashine, Yamagata|Higashine]]||46,141||207.17||223||1958-11-03||[http://www.city.higashine.yamagata.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Obanazawa, Yamagata|Obanazawa]]||19,937||372.32||53.5||1959-04-10||[http://www.city.obanazawa.yamagata.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Nan'yo</span>[[Nan'yō, Yamagata|Nan'yō]]||34,542||160.70||215||1967-04-01||[http://www.city.nanyo.yamagata.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Tsuruoka, Yamagata|Tsuruoka]]||140,097||1,311.51||107||2005-10-01||[http://www.city.tsuruoka.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Sakata, Yamagata|Sakata]]||114,964||602.79||191||2005-11-01||[http://www.city.sakata.lg.jp/] |} == Yamaguchi == * population:2008-01-01<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pref.yamaguchi.lg.jp/cms/a12500/jinko/jinko.html |title=山口県/統計分析課/人口・人口移動統計調査(平成20年3月1日現在)<!-- Bot generated title --> |access-date=2008-04-03 |archive-date=2018-07-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180713202913/http://www.pref.yamaguchi.lg.jp/cms/a12500/jinko/jinko.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! City name !! Population !! Area !! Density !! Founded !! Homepage |- |align="left"|[[Ube, Yamaguchi|Ube]]||176,370||287.69||613||1921-11-01||[http://www.city.ube.yamaguchi.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Hofu</span>[[Hōfu, Yamaguchi|Hōfu]]||116,393||188.59||617||1936-08-25||[http://www.city.hofu.yamaguchi.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kudamatsu, Yamaguchi|Kudamatsu]]||54,026||89.36||605||1939-11-03||[http://www.city.kudamatsu.yamaguchi.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080212033246/http://www.city.kudamatsu.yamaguchi.jp/ |date=2008-02-12 }} |- |align="left"|[[Mine, Yamaguchi|Mine]]||17,355||228.25||76.0||1954-03-31||[http://www.city.mine.lg.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201024115614/https://www2.city.mine.lg.jp/ |date=2020-10-24 }} |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Shunan</span>[[Shūnan, Yamaguchi|Shūnan]]||150,299||656.25||229||2003-04-21||[http://www.city.shunan.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Hikari, Yamaguchi|Hikari]]||53,274||91.94||579||2004-10-04||[http://www.city.hikari.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi|Shimonoseki]]||286,073||716.06||400||2005-02-13||[http://www.city.shimonoseki.yamaguchi.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141020094055/http://www.city.shimonoseki.yamaguchi.jp/seisaku/kokusai/gaikoku/ |date=2014-10-20 }} |- |align="left"|[[Yanai, Yamaguchi|Yanai]]||35,438||139.90||253||2005-02-21||[http://www.city-yanai.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Hagi, Yamaguchi|Hagi]]||55,831||698.87||79.9||2005-03-06||[http://www.city.hagi.yamaguchi.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050808005011/http://www.city.hagi.yamaguchi.jp/ |date=2005-08-08 }} |- |align="left"|[[Nagato, Yamaguchi|Nagato]]||39,825||357.92||111||2005-03-22||[http://www.city.nagato.yamaguchi.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">San'yo-Onoda</span>[[San'yō-Onoda, Yamaguchi|San'yō-Onoda]]||65,523||132.99||493||2005-03-22||[http://www.city.sanyo-onoda.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi|Yamaguchi]]||192,008||730.23||263||2005-10-01||[http://www.city.yamaguchi.lg.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Iwakuni, Yamaguchi|Iwakuni]]||146,885||872.71||168||2006-03-20||[http://www.city.iwakuni.yamaguchi.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090926071949/http://www.city.iwakuni.yamaguchi.jp/ |date=2009-09-26 }} |} == Yamanashi == * population:2008-01-01<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pref.yamanashi.jp/toukei/DB/EDA/A/dbaa04000.html |title={{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060517044252/ |date=2006-05-17 }} ŽR—œŒ§“?Œvƒf &#91;ƒ^ƒoƒ“ƒN @aa04000<!-- Bot generated title --> |access-date=2008-04-03 |archive-date=2006-05-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060517044252/http://www.pref.yamanashi.jp/toukei/DB/EDA/A/dbaa04000.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:right" ! City name !! Population !! Area !! Density !! Founded !! Homepage |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Kofu</span>[[Kōfu, Yamanashi|Kōfu]]||199,374||212.41||939||1889-07-01||[http://www.city.kofu.yamanashi.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Fujiyoshida, Yamanashi|Fujiyoshida]]||51,879||121.83||426||1951-03-20||[http://www.city.fujiyoshida.yamanashi.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Tsuru, Yamanashi|Tsuru]]||34,439||161.58||213||1954-04-29||[http://www.city.tsuru.yamanashi.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Otsuki</span>[[Ōtsuki, Yamanashi|Ōtsuki]]||29,869||280.30||107||1954-08-08||[http://www.city.otsuki.yamanashi.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Nirasaki, Yamanashi|Nirasaki]]||33,539||143.73||233||1954-10-10||[http://www.city.nirasaki.yamanashi.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040630220735/http://www.city.nirasaki.yamanashi.jp/ |date=2004-06-30 }} |- |align="left"|[[Minami-Alps, Yamanashi|Minami-Alps]]||72,295||264.06||274||2003-04-01||[http://www.city.minami-alps.yamanashi.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Kai, Yamanashi|Kai]]||74,077||71.94||1,030||2004-09-01||[http://www.city.kai.yamanashi.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Fuefuki, Yamanashi|Fuefuki]]||71,184||201.92||353||2004-10-12||[http://www.city.fuefuki.yamanashi.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Hokuto, Yamanashi]]||47,754||602.89||79.2||2004-11-01||[http://www.city.hokuto.yamanashi.jp/] |- |align="left"|[[Uenohara, Yamanashi|Uenohara]]||28,295||170.65||166||2005-02-13||[http://www.city.uenohara.yamanashi.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151107094120/http://www.city.uenohara.yamanashi.jp/ |date=2015-11-07 }} |- |align="left"|[[Yamanashi, Yamanashi|Yamanashi]]||38,202||289.87||132||2005-03-22||[http://www.city.yamanashi.yamanashi.jp/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20000901231441/http://www.city.yamanashi.yamanashi.jp/ |date=2000-09-01 }} |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Koshu</span>[[Kōshū, Yamanashi|Kōshū]]||35,072||264.01||133||2005-11-01||[http://www.city.koshu.yamanashi.jp/] |- |align="left"|<span style="display:none">Chuo</span>[[Chūō, Yamanashi|Chūō]]||31,875||31.81||1,002||2006-02-20||[http://www.city.chuo.yamanashi.jp/] |} == Rujukan == {{reflist}} [[Kategori:Pratélan]] [[Kategori:Kutha ing Jepang]] [[de:Liste der Städte in Japan]] [[en:List of cities in Japan]] [[eo:Listo de urboj de Japanio]] [[fi:Luettelo Japanin kaupungeista]] [[fr:Villes du Japon]] [[hu:Japán városai]] [[ja:日本の地方公共団体一覧]] [[nl:Lijst van steden in Japan]] [[pl:Miasta Japonii]] [[pt:Lista de cidades no Japão]] [[ru:Города Японии]] [[sh:Popis gradova u Japanu]] [[sl:Seznam mest na Japonskem]] [[tl:Talaan ng mga lungsod sa Hapon]] [[tr:Japonya'daki şehirler listesi]] [[uk:Список муніципалітетів Японії]] [[zh:日本城市列表]] j3o6xab73s69iyxbrbmygj0dhfx0jzy Téori rélativitas 0 32919 1759799 1703353 2026-11-03T08:14:40Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759799 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Téyori relativitas''' [[Albert Einstein]] punika sebatan kanggé kempalan kekalih téyori [[fisika]]: [[relativitas umum]] lan [[relativitas mirunggan]]. Kakalih téyori punika dipunciptakaken kanggé mratélakaken manawi [[gelombang elektromagnetik]] boten sarujuk kaliyan téyori obahan Newton. Gelombang elektromagnetik dipunbuktosaken éwah wonten ing kacepetan ingkang konstan, tanpa diounprabawai obahan ingkang ngamati. Inti pamikiran kekalih téyori punika manawi kalih pangamat ingkang éwah relatif dhumateng satunggal lan satunggalipun bakal pikantuk [[wektu|wekdal]] lan interval ruang ingkang bènten-bènten kanggé kadadosan ingkang sami, nanging isi hukum fisika badhé katingal sami déning kekalihipun. == Relativitas mligi (mirunggan) == Seratan Einstein taun [[1905]], "Tentang [[Elektrodinamika]] Benda Bergerak", mratélakaken prekawis [[téyori relativitas mligi]]. Relativitas mligi nedahaken manawi kalih pangamat dumunung wonten ing [[kerangka acuan lembam]] lan éwah kanthi kacepetan ingkang sami relatif saking pangamat sanès, kakalih pangamat kasebat boten saged nglampahi percobaan kanggé nemtokaken bilih panjenenganipun éwah utawi mèndel. Kados déné wekdal panjenengan wonten ing salebeting kapal silem ingkang éwah kanthi kacepetan ingkang ajeg. Panjenengan boten saged mbédakaken manawi kapal silem punika nuju éwah punapa mèndel. Téyori relativitas mligi dipunsandaraken dhumateng [[postulat]] manawi [[kacepetan cahya]] punika sami dhumateng sadaya pangamat ingkang dumunung wonten ing [[kerangka acuan lembam]]. Postulat sanès ingkang dados dhasar téyori relativitas mligi inggih punika: hukum fisika gadhah wangun matematis ingkang sami wonten ing salebeting [[kerangka acuan lembam]] pundi kémawon. Wonten ing téyori relativitas umum, postulat punika dipunwiyaraken kanggé nyakup boten namung [[kerangka acuan lembam]], nanging kanggé sadaya kerangka acuan. == Relativitas umum == [[Relativitas umum]] dipunbabar déning Einstein ing warsa [[1916]] (minangka satunggal sèri pangajaran ing sangajengipun "Prussian Academy of Science" [[25 November]] [[1915]]). Nanging, matematikawan Jerman [[David Hilbert]] nyerat lan nyebarluasaken persamaan sajinis sadèrèngipun Einstein. Bab punika boten ndadoskaen dkawan pamalsuan déning Einstein, nanging kamungkinan kekalihipun minangka para pangripta relativitas umum. Téyori relativitas umum nggantosaken hukum [[gravitasi]] Newton. Téyori punika nganggé matematika [[geometri diferensial]] lan [[tensor]] kanggé mratélakaken [[gravitasi]]. Téyori punika gadhah wangun ingkang sami kanggé sadaya pangamat, ingkang éwah lan mèndel wonten ing salebeting [[kerangka acuan lembam]] utawi kanggé pangamat ingkang éwah wonten ing salebeting kerangka acuan ingkang dipuncepetaken. Wonten ing salebeting relativitas umum, gravitasi sampun boten awujud satunggiling [[gaya]] (kados wonten Hukum gravitasi Newton) nanging minangka konsekuensi saking kalengkungan (''curvature'') ruang-wekdal. Relativitas umum nedahaken manawi kalengkungan ruang-wekdal punika kadadosan saking wontenipun [[massa]]. == Mangga pirsani == * [[Pratélan penerbitan bab fisika]] * [[Relativitas mligi]] * [[Relativitas umum]] == Pranala njawi == {{commons|Category:Theory of relativity}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20051225205128/http://www.wired.com/news/space/0,2697,64505,00.html?tw=wn_tophead_1 Probe set to test theory of Relativity - Aug. 07, 2004] * [http://relativity.livingreviews.org/ Living Reviews in Relativity] — An open access, peer-refereed, solely online physics journal publishing invited reviews covering all areas of relativity research. * [http://www.mathpages.com/rr/rrtoc.htm Reflections on Relativity] — A complete online course on Relativity. * [http://www.muppetlabs.com/~breadbox/txt/al.html Relativity explained in words of four letters or less]{{Pranala mati|date=November 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * [http://www.sysmatrix.net/~kavs/kjs/briefingetr.html Briefing on Einstein's Theory of Relativity] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070220154430/http://www.sysmatrix.net/~kavs/kjs/briefingetr.html |date=2007-02-20 }} — A terse dose of insight on the subject. * [http://tprints.ecs.soton.ac.uk/40/01/Macroscopic_Spacetime_Shortcuts.pdf Evaluation of Manyfold spacetime short cuts from Relativity]{{Pranala mati|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * [http://www.forumsains.com/fisika/quantum-gravity/ Teori Gravitasi Kuantum] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081225070851/http://www.forumsains.com/fisika/quantum-gravity/ |date=2008-12-25 }} Diskusi Téyori Gravitasi Kuantum [[Kategori:Relativitas]] [[Kategori:Artikel mawa basa krama]] <!-- interwiki --> 2myeehj80vym95yvg7htr1xkivutooy Sidik driji genetika 0 36514 1759763 1757910 2026-11-03T04:11:58Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759763 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sidik driji DNA''' (uga diarani ing basa [[Inggris]] '''DNA Profiling''' utawa '''DNA Testing''' utawa '''DNA Typing''') iku sawijining teknik sing dipigunakaké déning para ahli forensik kanggo mbiyantu ngenali individu miturut basis profil DNA. Senadyan 99.9% saka larikan DNA manungsa iku padha, DNA bisa mbédakaké pribadi siji lan sijiné. Sidik driji DNA utawa profiling migunakaké pangulangan larikan sing béda-béda banget siji lan sijiné, sing diarani ''[[variable number tandem repeats]]'' (VNTR). VNTRs [[Locus (genetics)|loci]] saka manungsa sing hubungan ulawargané cedhak mèh padh a persis, nanging kanggo manungsa liya (sing ora ana hubungan getih) ora bakal duwé VNTR sing padha. ==Uga delengen== * [[DNA]] * [[Basis data nasional DNA]] * [[Tès DNA ginekologi]] * ''[[short tandem repeat]]'' (STR) * ''[[capillary electrophoresis]]'' (CE) * ''[[Gene mapping]]'' * ''[[Harvey v. Horan]]'' * ''[[ribotyping]]'' * ''[[Project Innocence]]'' ==Réferènsi== {{reflist|2}} ==Pranala njaba== *[http://www.ehstrafd.org EHSTRAFD.org - Earth Human STR Allele Frequencies Database] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090713043812/http://www.ehstrafd.org/ |date=2009-07-13 }} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20200806151246/http://haplogroups.com/ HaploGroups.com] The most comprehensive resource for DNA testing to help you find your genetic origin or Haplogroup *[http://www.thenakedscientists.com/html/columnists/dalyacolumn8.htm How to make a DNA (genetic) Fingerprint and applications of DNA Fingerprinting] *[http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/sheppard/analyze.html Create a DNA Fingerprint] *[http://www.nature.com/ng/journal/v36/n11s/abs/ng1594.html Forensic genetics and ethical, legal and social implications beyond the clinic] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20200817122546/http://insilico.ehu.es/ In silico simulation of Molecular Biology Techniques] - A place to learn typing techniques by simulating them * [http://www.dnacenter.com/science-technology/articles/history-of-dna-testing.html The History of DNA Testing] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101230040509/http://www.dnacenter.com/science-technology/articles/history-of-dna-testing.html |date=2010-12-30 }} Interactive presentation uncovering the historical origins of DNA testing and highlighting famous paternity testing cases. (requires [[Adobe Flash]]) [[Kategori:Genetika terapan]] [[Kategori:Biometrik]] [[Kategori:DNA]] [[Kategori:Laku panjèrènging DNA|*]] [[Kategori:Biologi molekuler]] [[Kategori:Identifikasi pribadi]] [[Kategori:Forensik]] myi7bzdahlo45dce7lqxm0094bt2qn7 Sastra Melayu 0 40960 1759803 1453149 2026-11-03T10:41:39Z ~2026-55037-88 75055 1759803 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sastra Melayu''' klasik diwiwiti ing [[abad kaping 16]] Masehi. Wiwit wektu iku nganti saiki gaya basané ora akèh owah-owahané. [[Dokumen]] pisnan sing ditulis sajeroning basa Malayu klasik ya iku layang saka Sultan Abu Hayat Ternate ya iku [[Monarki|ratu]] [[Ternate]], [[Sultan]] [[Abu Hayat]] marang [[Monarki|ratu]] João III ing [[Portugal]] ing taun [[1521]] [[Masehi]]. == Pratélan wangun sastra Malayu == === Gurindam === {{utama|Gurindam}} [[Gurindam]] iku sawijining wujud gurit Malayu lawas sing dumadi saka rong larik kalimat kanthi irama pungkasan sing padha, minangka sawijining kesatuan sing wutuh. Larikan pisanan isi kaya déné soal, masalah utawa prejanjèn lan larikan kaloro isi jawabané utawa akibat saka masalah utawa prejanjèn ing larikan pisanan mau. ==== [[Gurindam Lawas]] ==== conto: :''Pabila banyak mencela orang''{{br}} :''Itulah tanda dirinya kurang''{{br}} ::''Dengan ibu hendaknya hormat''{{br}} ::''Supaya badan dapat selamat''{{br}} ==== Gurindam Dua Belas ==== Kumpulan gurindam sing dikarang déning [[Raja Ali Haji]] saka [[Kapuloan Riau]]. Dijenengaké ''[[Gurindam Dua Belas]]'' amarga risi 12 pasal, antarané ngenani ngibadah, kuwajiban ratu, kuwajiban anak marang wong tuwa, tugas wong tuwa marang anak, budi pekerti lan urip sajeroning masarakat. === Hikayat === {{utama|Hikayat}} [[Hikayat]] iku salah siji wangun sastra prosa sing isi kisah, carita, dongèng utawa sajarah. Lumrahé nyritakaké kahébatan utawa kapahlawanan kanthi keanèhan, kasektèn sarta mukjizat tokoh baku. === Karmina === {{utama|Karmina}} [[Karmina]] utawa kaloka kanthi jeneng pantun kilat iku pantun sing dumadi saka rong larik. Larikan pisanan minangka sampiran lan larikan kaloro minangka isi. Nduwèni pola sajak lurus (a-a). Lumrahé dipigunakaké kanggo nyindir utawa ungkapan kanthi langsung. Conto ''Sudah gaharu cendana pula Sudah tahu masih bertanya pula'' <!-- === Pantun === {{utama|Pantun}} [[Pantun]] merupakan sejenis puisi yang terdiri atas 4 baris bersajak a-b-a-b atau a-a-a-a. Dua baris pertama merupakan sampiran, yang umumnya tentang alam (flora dan fauna); dua baris terakhir merupakan isi, yang merupakan tujuan dari pantun tersebut. Conto Pantun ''Kayu cendana diatas batu{{br}} Sudah diikat dibawa pulang{{br}} Adat dunia memang begitu{{br}} Benda yang buruk memang terbuang''{{br}} === Seloka === {{utama|Seloka}} [[Seloka]] merupakan wujud puisi Melayu Klasik, berisikan pepetah maupun perumpamaan yang mengandung senda gurau, sindiran bahkan ejekan. Biasanya ditulis empat baris memakai wujud pantun atau syair, terkadang dapat juga ditemui seloka yang ditulis lebih dari empat baris. conto seloka 4 larik: anak pak dolah makan lepat, makan lepat sambil melompat, nak hantar kad raya dah tak sempat, pakai sms pun ok wat ? :contoh seloka lebih dari 4 baris: ::Baik budi emak si Randang{{br}} ::Dagang lalu ditanakkan{{br}} ::Tiada berkayu rumah diruntuhkan{{br}} ::Anak pulang kelaparan{{br}} ::Anak dipangku diletakkan{{br}} ::Kera dihutan disusui{{br}} === Syair === {{utama|Syair}} [[Syair]] adalah puisi atau karangan dalam wujud terikat yang mementingkan irama sajak. Biasanya terdiri dari 4 baris, berirama aaaa, keempat baris tersebut mengandung arti atau maksud penyair (pada pantun, 2 baris terakhir yang mengandung maksud) === Talibun === {{utama|Talibun}} [[Talibun]] adalah sejenis puisi lama seperti pantun karena mempunyai sampiran dan isi, tetapi lebih dari 4 baris ( mulai dari 6 baris hingga 20 baris). Berirama abc-abc, abcd-abcd, abcde-abcde, dan seterusnya.{{br}} Contoh Talibun :{{br}} :Kalau anak pergi ke pekan{{br}} :Yu beli belanak beli{{br}} :Ikan panjang beli dahulu{{br}} :Kalau anak pergi berjalan{{br}} :Ibu cari sanakpun cari{{br}} :Induk semang cari dahulu{{br}} === Lain-lain === *[[Kitab Seribu Masalah]] --> == Uga delengen == * [[Basa Malayu]] * [[Sastra]] [[Kategori:Sastra Melayu| ]] jol85j0idtcsmue4rvtbp6i207h6ae8 Kategori:Sastra Melayu 14 40961 1759804 243560 2026-11-03T10:43:03Z ~2026-55037-88 75055 /* */ 1759804 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Cat main}} [[Kategori:Sastra|Melayu]] bcrr2oxqyot2ay9qn62u0ju7r7ovcfy 1759805 1759804 2026-11-03T10:45:23Z ~2026-55037-88 75055 /* */ 1759805 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Cat main}} [[Kategori:Sastra|Melayu]] [[Kategori:Sastra miturut basa|Melayu]] 5xntwsc9vdllaqms64flnba8mumwemi 1759806 1759805 2026-11-03T10:47:44Z ~2026-55037-88 75055 /* */ 1759806 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Cat main}} [[Kategori:Melayu]] [[Kategori:Sastra|Melayu]] [[Kategori:Sastra miturut basa|Melayu]] nn79f87kjl05tixxwacuufz2iwfqpex Ugel-ugel tangan 0 46258 1759800 1461159 2026-11-03T08:23:45Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759800 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Gambar:Human wrist.png|thumb|200px|Ugel-ugel tangan]] Sajeroning [[anatomi]], '''ugel-ugel tangan''' iku pérangan kang fleksibel lan sempit sambungan antara lengen ngisor lan tlapak [[tangan]]. Ugel-ugel tangan kang wujud rong baris cilik [[balung]], karan [[carpals]], kanggo mbentuk siji wadhah saubengé [[engsel]]. Sendhi kang dumadi déning balung-balung carpalia karo ulna lan radius dijenengi ugel-ugel tangan. == Pranala njaba == {{wiktionary}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070313050350/http://www.uphs.upenn.edu/ortho/oj/1999/html/PICS/p27f2.gif Wrist ligaments at upenn.edu] * {{eMedicineDictionary|wrist}} * {{eMedicineDictionary|wrist+joint}} * {{KansasHandKinesiology|bone/wrist.html}} {{anatomi manungsa}} [[Kategori:Anatomi]] {{anatomi-stub}} gy2drzobxzvsll6gsn0x0mu6yifurgc Sajarah Jepang 0 47426 1759742 1748980 2026-11-03T02:21:45Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759742 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Sajarah Jepang}} Dhokumèn tuwa dhéwé ngenani '''sajarah Jepang''' iku kumpulan naskah sajarah Cina ''[[Sajarah Patlikur Dinasti]]'' asal [[abad kaping 1]] Masehi. Nanging bukti-bukti nedahaké kapuloan Jepang wis dinggoni manungsa wiwit jaman [[Paleolitik Atas]]<ref>[http://www.pnas.org/cgi/reprint/102/17/6231.pdf Global archaeological evidence for proboscidean overkill], Todd Surovell et al., [[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences]], 2005</ref> Sawisé [[jaman ès]] pungkasan watara 12.000 SM, [[ékosistem]] [[Kapuloan Jepang]] sing sugih mungelaké manungsa kanggo urip. Barang-barang [[tembikar]] tuwa dhéwé asalé saka [[jaman Jōmon]]. == Pirsani uga == * [[Jeneng jaman ing Jepang]] == Réferènsi == {{reflist}} * [http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/jptoc.html A Country Study: Japan] == Pranala njaba == {{Commons category|Sajarah Jepang}} * [http://www.badley.org/history/Japan.index.html Sajarah Jepang - World History Database] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110725033814/http://www.badley.org/history/Japan.index.html |date=2011-07-25 }} * [http://www.ames.cam.ac.uk/jbib/bibtitle.html Bibliografi Sajarah Jepang tekan taun 1912] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100304153827/http://www.ames.cam.ac.uk/jbib/bibtitle.html |date=2010-03-04 }}, Universitas of Cambridge. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20201125084019/http://samurai-archives.com/ Samurai Archives] * [http://www.openhistory.org/jhdp/ Proyèk Dokumentasi Sajarah Jepang] déning Christopher Spackman. * [http://www4.ncsu.edu/~fljpm/chron/jc01.outline.html Garis besar Sajarah Budaya Jepang] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120910131754/http://www4.ncsu.edu/~fljpm/chron/jc01.outline.html |date=2012-09-10 }} * [http://www.rekihaku.ac.jp/index_ne.html Muséum Sajarah Nasional Jepang] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060815033003/http://www.rekihaku.ac.jp/index_ne.html |date=2006-08-15 }} {{Sajarah Asia}} [[Kategori:Sajarah Jepang| ]] 9slvf6cnc85in7z689crlp9fo1mf3de Limbasari, Bobotsari, Purbalingga 0 47438 1759671 1335164 2026-11-02T14:04:05Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759671 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Limbasari | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Bobotsari |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Limbasari''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Bobotsari, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Bobotsari]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Bobotsari, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Bobotsari, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} e25vl9k2ygrlt0ag4v00ijrsjhvsoa9 Majapura, Bobotsari, Purbalingga 0 47439 1759676 1335171 2026-11-02T14:59:41Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759676 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Majapura | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Bobotsari |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Majapura''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Bobotsari, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Bobotsari]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Bobotsari, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Bobotsari, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} tsb8yu0nw8cacv63t0h0svux5wxey4f Pakuncèn, Bobotsari, Purbalingga 0 47440 1759707 1335393 2026-11-02T20:24:34Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759707 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Pakuncèn | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Bobotsari |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Pakuncèn''' iku désa ing [[Bobotsari, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Bobotsari]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Bobotsari, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Bobotsari, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} en7sovi3urbqdil3wo4zguqchhkddku Palumbungan, Bobotsari, Purbalingga 0 47442 1759708 1335169 2026-11-02T20:27:11Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759708 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Palumbungan | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Bobotsari |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Palumbungan''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Bobotsari, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Bobotsari]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Bobotsari, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Bobotsari, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} 6icvvfkrubmuf2vjn4h5vzw28kv3mdg Palumbungan Wétan, Bobotsari, Purbalingga 0 47443 1759709 1332078 2026-11-02T20:27:12Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759709 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Palumbungan Wétan | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Bobotsari |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Palumbungan Wétan''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Bobotsari, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Bobotsari]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Bobotsari, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Bobotsari, Purbalingga}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} gxfmbjq8w36m28c89b6wdauzgzim2gw Talagening, Bobotsari, Purbalingga 0 47445 1759780 1335162 2026-11-03T06:05:13Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759780 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Talagening | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Bobotsari |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Talagening''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Bobotsari, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Bobotsari]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Bobotsari, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Bobotsari, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} rcqz9707a9ionh46rla1ffkh8qzcmyt Tlagayasa, Bobotsari, Purbalingga 0 47446 1759790 1335172 2026-11-03T07:21:59Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759790 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Tlagayasa | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Bobotsari |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Tlagayasa''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Bobotsari, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Bobotsari]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Bobotsari, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Bobotsari, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} t4st4rqjdq2u9wfl0vo0qvb5poa83iy Metenggeng, Bojongsari, Purbalingga 0 47476 1759687 1467583 2026-11-02T16:12:16Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759687 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Metenggeng | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Bojongsari |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Metenggeng''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Bojongsari, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Bojongsari]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Bojongsari, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Bojongsari, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} gwngzqyqsh50s9mxgb2wsp34f6i95os Pagedangan, Bojongsari, Purbalingga 0 47477 1759704 1340505 2026-11-02T20:14:38Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759704 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Pagedangan | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Bojongsari |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Pagedangan''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Bojongsari, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Bojongsari]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Bojongsari, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Bojongsari, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} qfpw0oidodm0m8f6jk9b697i3w9ym9h Patemon, Bojongsari, Purbalingga 0 47478 1759718 1340527 2026-11-02T21:31:50Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759718 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Patemon | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Bojongsari |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Patemon''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Bojongsari, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Bojongsari]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Bojongsari, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Bojongsari, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} 06wfec8egfn3p8hf1qewa309njen1zw Pekalongan, Bojongsari, Purbalingga 0 47479 1759720 1340244 2026-11-02T21:37:03Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759720 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Pekalongan | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Bojongsari |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Pekalongan''' iku désa ing [[Bojongsari, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Bojongsari]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Bojongsari, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Bojongsari, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} klkuo8x6wl1vhov0iij4sf1lgno5s8z Kutawis, Bukateja, Purbalingga 0 47558 1759661 1340233 2026-11-02T12:46:58Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759661 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Kutawis | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Bukateja |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Kutawis''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Bukateja, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Bukateja]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Bukateja, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Bukateja, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} 407qclrmfb8eswus67pfl0ahnqqxoqw Majasari, Bukateja, Purbalingga 0 47559 1759677 1340223 2026-11-02T14:59:52Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759677 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Majasari | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Bukateja |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Majasari''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Bukateja, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Bukateja]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Bukateja, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Bukateja, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} axc5xbx2bxkz7iy5v9tmixmk1t86b5o Penaruban, Bukateja, Purbalingga 0 47560 1759723 1340203 2026-11-02T21:39:24Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759723 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Penaruban | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Bukateja |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Penaruban''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Bukateja, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Bukateja]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Bukateja, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Bukateja, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} 53pncokeykivl2ywzqax4b84r5uhbp0 Tidu, Bukateja, Purbalingga 0 47561 1759788 1340212 2026-11-03T07:05:08Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759788 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Tidu | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Bukateja |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Tidu''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Bukateja, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Bukateja]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Bukateja, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Bukateja, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} ln732mvuzzvebmsky26swto4jj0ot9l Wirasaba, Bukateja, Purbalingga 0 47562 1759801 1340011 2026-11-03T10:17:43Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759801 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Wirasaba | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Bukateja |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Wirasaba''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Bukateja, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Bukateja]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Bukateja, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Bukateja, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} s6qocxtme0ec6pqx6uch4toc9bokuaz Lamongan, Kaligondhang, Purbalingga 0 47570 1759665 1335019 2026-11-02T13:19:06Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759665 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Lamongan | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Kaligondhang |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Lamongan''' iku désa ing [[Kaligondhang, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Kaligondhang]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Kaligondhang, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Kaligondhang, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} ccg2rk2yo1oatp8b66jkd7b3cr9jjt5 Pagerandhong, Kaligondhang, Purbalingga 0 47636 1759706 1335368 2026-11-02T20:14:45Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759706 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Pagerandhong | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Kaligondhang |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Pagerandhong''' ([[Basa Indonésia|cara Indonésia]]: Pagerandong) iku [[désa]] ing [[Kaligondhang, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Kaligondhang]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Kaligondhang, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Kaligondhang, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} smwmqq135p08wpzkish8zgw9rvnfrsc Penaruban, Kaligondhang, Purbalingga 0 47638 1759724 1335076 2026-11-02T21:39:25Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759724 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Penaruban | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Kaligondhang |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Penaruban''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Kaligondhang, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Kaligondhang]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Kaligondhang, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Kaligondhang, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} 2ygo3zznaxdsuwzfrkjlu310lcxdn36 Penolih, Kaligondhang, Purbalingga 0 47639 1759726 1335069 2026-11-02T21:45:14Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759726 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Penolih | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Kaligondhang |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Penolih''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Kaligondhang, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Kaligondhang]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Kaligondhang, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Kaligondhang, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} fvtzcr2x3xhbwbz4ebnjcp3a1e92gsb Selakambang, Kaligondhang, Purbalingga 0 47640 1759749 1335068 2026-11-03T03:10:17Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759749 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Selakambang | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Kaligondhang |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Selakambang''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Kaligondhang, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Kaligondhang]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Kaligondhang, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Kaligondhang, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} rwia8jmd0m580ihz70io3hxgmybcefl Selanegara, Kaligondhang, Purbalingga 0 47641 1759750 1335073 2026-11-03T03:10:22Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759750 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Selanagara | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Kaligondhang |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Selanagara''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Kaligondhang, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Kaligondhang]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Kaligondhang, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Kaligondhang, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} 8usvgnenveiqvh0f5ac50t4pza4xvpe Sempor Lor, Kaligondhang, Purbalingga 0 47642 1759751 1335074 2026-11-03T03:17:42Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759751 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Sempor Lor | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Kaligondhang |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Sempor Lor''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Kaligondhang, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Kaligondhang]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Kaligondhang, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Kaligondhang, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} 7xrspijs6ehnpwdnmvch1nxwk0y490m Sidanegara, Kaligondhang, Purbalingga 0 47643 1759761 1335072 2026-11-03T04:11:16Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759761 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Sidanagara | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Kaligondhang |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Sidanagara''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Kaligondhang, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Kaligondhang]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Kaligondhang, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Kaligondhang, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} 3l7lrw730cmrxifsoltyb7sfevo0mmb Sidareja, Kaligondhang, Purbalingga 0 47644 1759762 1335077 2026-11-03T04:11:28Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759762 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Sidareja | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Kaligondhang |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Sidareja''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Kaligondhang, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Kaligondhang]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Kaligondhang, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Kaligondhang, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} jpako361ab0xjibzrcyximv2u26y35l Sinduraja, Kaligondhang, Purbalingga 0 47645 1759765 1335078 2026-11-03T04:20:21Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759765 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Sinduraja | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Kaligondhang |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Sinduraja''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Kaligondhang, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Kaligondhang]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Kaligondhang, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Kaligondhang, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} gcj9ke3ecj27qz3kjkccqw9se3dp1f1 Slinga, Kaligondhang, Purbalingga 0 47646 1759769 1335070 2026-11-03T04:40:23Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759769 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Slinga | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Kaligondhang |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Slinga''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Kaligondhang, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Kaligondhang]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Kaligondhang, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Kaligondhang, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} o9z8h07snjybeowu7wx4whzp4z5mgng Tejasari, Kaligondhang, Purbalingga 0 47647 1759783 1335079 2026-11-03T06:39:13Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759783 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Tejasari | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Kaligondhang |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Tejasari''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Kaligondhang, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Kaligondhang]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Kaligondhang, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Kaligondhang, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} mo8cip6jg5rt3uj2gysgkr9nh2vu9p1 Manduraga, Kalimanah, Purbalingga 0 47664 1759680 1339527 2026-11-02T15:13:41Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759680 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Manduraga | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Kalimanah |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Manduraga''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Kalimanah, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Kalimanah]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Kalimanah, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Kalimanah, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} 42qdg4aivbhri80k1smszdcecv7l3cq Mewek, Kalimanah, Purbalingga 0 47665 1759688 1339532 2026-11-02T16:12:43Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759688 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Mewek | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Kalimanah |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Mewek''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Kalimanah, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Kalimanah]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Kalimanah, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Kalimanah, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} n6fqn1pmqowa0kwjxz639qw0e7q1mvv Rabak, Kalimanah, Purbalingga 0 47666 1759739 1339529 2026-11-03T00:39:38Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759739 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Rabak | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Kalimanah |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Rabak''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Kalimanah, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Kalimanah]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Kalimanah, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Kalimanah, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} qz1foc1w9gb7dxlkengsxrgpnhxkp6v Selabaya, Kalimanah, Purbalingga 0 47667 1759747 1339573 2026-11-03T03:10:11Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759747 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Selabaya | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Kalimanah |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Selabaya''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Kalimanah, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Kalimanah]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Kalimanah, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Kalimanah, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} 7f2d5wcwy74s3n2yw0tkcdcsbg9qlyk Sidakangen, Kalimanah, Purbalingga 0 47668 1759760 1339528 2026-11-03T04:10:43Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759760 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Sidakangen | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Kalimanah |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Sidakangen''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Kalimanah, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Kalimanah]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Kalimanah, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Kalimanah, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} sfpatesjk8bmpzt2kxxdljgzdk2hudn Lumpang, Karanganyar, Purbalingga 0 47691 1759674 1340433 2026-11-02T14:38:19Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759674 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Lumpang | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Karanganyar |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Lumpang''' iku désa ing [[Karanganyar, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Karanganyar]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Karanganyar, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Karanganyar, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} e70fa803yjpkhk9xcrtnm04aip3lzbp Maribaya, Karanganyar, Purbalingga 0 47692 1759683 1340498 2026-11-02T15:23:43Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759683 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Maribaya | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Karanganyar |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Maribaya''' iku désa ing [[Karanganyar, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Karanganyar]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Karanganyar, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Karanganyar, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} ksvl77gshzp1cq8ou1f5wqfu7uzyuil Ponjen, Karanganyar, Purbalingga 0 47693 1759730 1340429 2026-11-02T22:54:22Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759730 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Ponjen | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Karanganyar |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Ponjen''' iku désa ing [[Karanganyar, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Karanganyar]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Karanganyar, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Karanganyar, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} 03qxwvu7m21tr190hqgbhca7jym6902 Purbasari, Karangjambu, Purbalingga 0 47720 1759737 1341523 2026-11-03T00:21:58Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759737 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Purbasari | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Karangjambu |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Purbasari''' iku désa ing [[Karangjambu, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Karangjambu]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Karangjambu, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Karangjambu, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} b9f2zu78xclx88nosx146j8qnb0aouu Sanguwatang, Karangjambu, Purbalingga 0 47721 1759745 1341519 2026-11-03T02:42:32Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759745 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Sanguwatang | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Karangjambu |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Sanguwatang''' iku désa ing [[Karangjambu, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Karangjambu]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Karangjambu, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Karangjambu, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} rhr1anf1jbzomgmu4q2ivthxmd0h8m0 Sirandu, Karangjambu, Purbalingga 0 47722 1759766 1341522 2026-11-03T04:21:49Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759766 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Sirandu | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Karangjambu |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Sirandu''' iku désa ing [[Karangjambu, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Karangjambu]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Karangjambu, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Karangjambu, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} 19y814jtpznzinapjh98giiskj37pt7 Kramat, Karangmoncol, Purbalingga 0 47748 1759653 1340881 2026-11-02T12:14:01Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759653 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Kramat | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Karangmoncol |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Kramat''' iku désa ing [[Karangmoncol, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Karangmoncol]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Karangmoncol, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Karangmoncol, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} fe8yucg0orinq9l7ejxwgvgk62szdl2 Pekiringan, Karangmoncol, Purbalingga 0 47749 1759721 1340886 2026-11-02T21:37:23Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759721 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Pekiringan | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Karangmoncol |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Pekiringan''' iku désa ing [[Karangmoncol, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Karangmoncol]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Karangmoncol, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Karangmoncol, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} ntjj3faiq15kl6lc77qjhpkri3lkzhx Pepedan, Karangmoncol, Purbalingga 0 47750 1759727 1340842 2026-11-02T21:45:59Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759727 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Pepedan | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Karangmoncol |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Pepedan''' iku désa ing [[Karangmoncol, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Karangmoncol]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Karangmoncol, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Karangmoncol, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} 3bqv399uac3qg7jrllxlfug6ouv1bnk Rajawana, Karangmoncol, Purbalingga 0 47751 1759741 1340876 2026-11-03T00:44:50Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759741 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Rajawana | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Karangmoncol |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Rajawana''' iku désa ing [[Karangmoncol, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Karangmoncol]], Kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Karangmoncol, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Karangmoncol, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} 585d7ezc59zydh3qdvdm72bjrt2qii8 Sirau, Karangmoncol, Purbalingga 0 47752 1759767 1340843 2026-11-03T04:21:51Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759767 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Sirau | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Karangmoncol |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Sirau''' iku désa ing [[Karangmoncol, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Karangmoncol]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Karangmoncol, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Karangmoncol, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} dbbvlcuyqxrcexy1ajlkredxo7sbnmd Tajug, Karangmoncol, Purbalingga 0 47753 1759779 1340844 2026-11-03T06:04:49Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759779 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Tajug | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Karangmoncol |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Tajug''' iku désa ing [[Karangmoncol, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Karangmoncol]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Karangmoncol, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Karangmoncol, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} jfugajfga5spe0ing10158an3qxcixq Tamansari, Karangmoncol, Purbalingga 0 47754 1759781 1340848 2026-11-03T06:20:26Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759781 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Tamansari | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Karangmoncol |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Tamansari''' iku désa ing [[Karangmoncol, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Karangmoncol]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Karangmoncol, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Karangmoncol, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} igybxat5tu2f2s8yc00ertf9foq5dma Tunjungmuli, Karangmoncol, Purbalingga 0 47755 1759798 1340847 2026-11-03T08:03:56Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759798 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Tunjungmuli | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Karangmoncol |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Tunjungmuli''' iku désa ing [[Karangmoncol, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Karangmoncol]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Karangmoncol, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Karangmoncol, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} 97qo7n62uzt567lf59xs34eafzjawdh Kutabawa, Karangreja, Purbalingga 0 47869 1759659 1335353 2026-11-02T12:46:47Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759659 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Kutabawa | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Karangreja |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Kutabawa''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Karangreja, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Karangreja]], [[kabupatèn]] [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]],[[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. Désa iki wewatesan: {{Wates LKKW |[[lor]]=--- |[[kidul]]=--- |[[kulon]]=--- |[[wétan]]=--- }} == Uga delengen == * [[Karangreja, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Karangreja, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} tscusi1zqzxpak2jh7a2sq69oxr92i2 Serang, Karangreja, Purbalingga 0 47870 1759753 1335450 2026-11-03T03:25:10Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759753 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Serang | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Karangreja |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Serang''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Karangreja, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Karangreja]], [[kabupatèn]] [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. Désa iki wewatesan: {{Wates LKKW |[[lor]]=--- |[[kidul]]=--- |[[kulon]]=--- |[[wétan]]=--- }} == Uga delengen == * [[Karangreja, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Karangreja, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} f1g3n99wl64sb9tjucx5dlpxreysini Siwarak, Karangreja, Purbalingga 0 47871 1759768 1335615 2026-11-03T04:36:26Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759768 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Siwarak | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Karangreja |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Siwarak''' iku désa ing [[Karangreja, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Karangreja]], [[kabupatèn]] [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. Désa iki wewatesan: {{Wates LKKW |[[lor]]=--- |[[kidul]]=--- |[[kulon]]=--- |wétan=--- }} == Uga delengen == * [[Karangreja, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Karangreja, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} pi2pabqp74v4kwbcfo3oie521y3xq9m Tlahab Kidul, Karangreja, Purbalingga 0 47872 1759791 1341423 2026-11-03T07:22:02Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759791 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Tkahab Kidul | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Karangreja |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Tlahab Kidul''' iku désa ing [[Karangreja, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Karangreja]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Karangreja, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Karangreja, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} gpgbc1r0hkpehjb1j5e5l437n0rfl1j Tlahab Lor, Karangreja, Purbalingga 0 47873 1759792 1341424 2026-11-03T07:22:03Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759792 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Tkahab Lor | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Karangreja |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Tlahab Lor''' iku désa ing [[Karangreja, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Karangreja]], [[kabupatèn]] [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Karangreja, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Karangreja, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} mu4b1f109lol8m3yczsiyeomxo05hhe Krenceng, Kejobong, Purbalingga 0 48102 1759655 1340430 2026-11-02T12:16:08Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759655 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Krenceng | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Kejobong |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Krenceng''' iku désa ing [[Kejobong, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Kejobong]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Kejobong, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Kejobong, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} 6iqlw1tps6ji7122jjwkec9lwyitl1g Lamuk, Kejobong, Purbalingga 0 48103 1759666 1340444 2026-11-02T13:20:40Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759666 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Lamuk | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Kejobong |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Lamuk''' iku désa ing [[Kejobong, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Kejobong]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Kejobong, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Kejobong, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} acpzagvhhip4otfejloonm4smejmf6s Langgar, Kejobong, Purbalingga 0 48104 1759667 1340431 2026-11-02T13:22:48Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759667 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Langgar | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Kejobong |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Langgar''' iku désa ing [[Kejobong, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Kejobong]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Kejobong, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Kejobong, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} ifgobhpk3uszqm8l1zszfa8kollbay0 Nangkasawit, Kejobong, Purbalingga 0 48105 1759696 1340442 2026-11-02T18:11:16Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759696 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Nangkasawit | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Kejobong |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Nangkasawit''' iku désa ing [[Kejobong, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Kejobong]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Kejobong, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Kejobong, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} alzsc5e9kdpu3w8zsmd3qkx6gm3eypd Nangkod, Kejobong, Purbalingga 0 48106 1759697 1340443 2026-11-02T18:11:18Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759697 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Nangkod | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Kejobong |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Nangkod''' iku désa ing [[Kejobong, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Kejobong]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Kejobong, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Kejobong, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} 4lfvtekl0qm3w6dgd2bl4eig19r603c Pandansari, Kejobong, Purbalingga 0 48107 1759710 1340508 2026-11-02T20:35:50Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759710 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Pandansari | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Kejobong |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Pandansari''' iku désa ing [[Kejobong, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Kejobong]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Kejobong, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Kejobong, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} rtam3pn61w4gpq0tmozcntumagd2a93 Pangempon, Kejobong, Purbalingga 0 48108 1759711 1340439 2026-11-02T20:39:07Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759711 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Pangempon | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Kejobong |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Pangempon''' iku désa ing [[Kejobong, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Kejobong]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Kejobong, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Kejobong, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} hwnddn5moqr2e7ken68s1312czdx7os Sokanegara, Kejobong, Purbalingga 0 48109 1759770 1340445 2026-11-03T04:52:57Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759770 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Sokanagara | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Kejobong |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Sokanagara''' iku désa ing [[Kejobong, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Kejobong]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Kejobong, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Kejobong, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} sgwtdrd9j3h0u36bj45sue4pxtkpb1e Timbang, Kejobong, Purbalingga 0 48110 1759789 1340446 2026-11-03T07:07:53Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759789 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Timbang | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Kejobong |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Timbang''' iku désa ing [[Kejobong, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Kejobong]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Kejobong, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Kejobong, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} tsrrandm5c3j9z8spa8umn61l5qdywv Majasem, Kemangkon, Purbalingga 0 48380 1759678 1335331 2026-11-02T14:59:59Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759678 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Majasem | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Kemangkon |jeneng pemimpin =Tohar Mukharom | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Majasem''' iku désa ing [[Kemangkon, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Kemangkon]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. Désa iki wewatesan: {{Wates LKKW |lor=Jetis |kidul=Tidu |kulon=Penican |wétan=Bajong }} == Uga delengen == * [[Kemangkon, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Kemangkon, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} 98jmn8acmp0o2i8h19zmcrqyajc8v4v Majatengah, Kemangkon, Purbalingga 0 48381 1759679 1338801 2026-11-02T15:00:03Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759679 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Majatengah | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Kemangkon |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Majatengah''' iku désa ing [[Kemangkon, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Kemangkon]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Kemangkon, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Kemangkon, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} iljfhqkd47njdr1fumk1qz7z6ocydvh Muntang, Kemangkon, Purbalingga 0 48382 1759693 1338865 2026-11-02T17:24:55Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759693 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Muntang | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Kemangkon |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Muntang''' iku désa ing [[Kemangkon, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Kemangkon]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Kemangkon, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Kemangkon, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} 4f2tzy7anaqs41yaj43romc4kn4gkar Panican, Kemangkon, Purbalingga 0 48383 1759712 1338869 2026-11-02T20:43:58Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759712 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Panican | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Kemangkon |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Panican''' iku désa ing [[Kemangkon, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Kemangkon]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Kemangkon, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Kemangkon, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} 0ys1yisymrtp97jshhcl1iffcs32ate Pegandekan, Kemangkon, Purbalingga 0 48384 1759719 1338795 2026-11-02T21:36:29Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759719 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Pegandekan | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Kemangkon |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Pegandekan''' iku désa ing [[Kemangkon, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Kemangkon]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Kemangkon, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Kemangkon, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} i1lvetv2e7hat51bzimifotngsf188z Senon, Kemangkon, Purbalingga 0 48386 1759752 1338799 2026-11-03T03:20:41Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759752 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Senon | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Kemangkon |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Senon''' iku désa ing [[Kemangkon, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Kemangkon]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Kemangkon, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Kemangkon, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} 5eej1mu4wahirhgw6bbhxvb59753vvh Sumilir, Kemangkon, Purbalingga 0 48387 1759776 1338802 2026-11-03T05:31:08Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759776 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Sumilir | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Kemangkon |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Sumilir''' iku désa ing [[Kemangkon, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Kemangkon]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Kemangkon, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Kemangkon, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} a4n1mhilqooakg5zvbqgel7fdu06wru Toyareka, Kemangkon, Purbalingga 0 48388 1759797 1338794 2026-11-03T07:40:54Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759797 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Toyareka | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Kemangkon |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Toyareka''' iku désa ing [[Kemangkon, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Kemangkon]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Kemangkon, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Kemangkon, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} 7eu5vv4y8oljlzh5vab8u9753l543cx Krangean, Kertanegara, Purbalingga 0 51912 1759654 1343139 2026-11-02T12:15:39Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759654 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Krangean | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Kertanegara |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Krangean''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Kertanagara, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Kertanagara]], [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Kertanagara, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Kertanagara, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} 6g1kai0rn3obv2dssvf9o7u975rany4 Langkap, Kertanegara, Purbalingga 0 51913 1759668 1343137 2026-11-02T13:24:17Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759668 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Langkap | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Kertanegara |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Langkap''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Kertanagara, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Kertanagara]], [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Kertanagara, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Kertanagara, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} eyltza598x8i7nvyqkxh5ksdgcffg7p Margasana, Kertanegara, Purbalingga 0 51914 1759682 1343134 2026-11-02T15:22:54Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759682 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Margasana | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Kertanegara |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Margasana''', iku [[désa]] ing [[Kertanagara, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Kertanagara]], [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Kertanagara, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Kertanagara, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} ql38qefcwqv88wb5xctjm4n9hal1g7l Kutasari, Kutasari, Purbalingga 0 51925 1759660 1340197 2026-11-02T12:46:56Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759660 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Kutasari | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Kutasari |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Kutasari''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Kutasari, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Kutasari]], [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Kutasari, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Kutasari, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} 8f6holbl7ze08ke3doki9twgz0lzn4y Limbangan, Kutasari, Purbalingga 0 51926 1759670 1340234 2026-11-02T14:03:59Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759670 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Limbangan | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Kutasari |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Limbangan''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Kutasari, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Kutasari]], [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Kutasari, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Kutasari, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} 03qp2lyn509ayhr9hbaw4l9z504kr9f Meri, Kutasari, Purbalingga 0 51927 1759686 1340225 2026-11-02T16:09:20Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759686 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Meri | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Kutasari |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Meri''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Kutasari, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Kutasari]], [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Kutasari, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Kutasari, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} mrssh92dfg1k9lutfkaf2qantfwlk3k Munjul, Kutasari, Purbalingga 0 51928 1759692 1340205 2026-11-02T17:24:47Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759692 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Munjul | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Kutasari |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Munjul''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Kutasari, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Kutasari]], [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Kutasari, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Kutasari, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} deo9m6qtn04tqy8o4mly3dmp2362xh9 Sumingkir, Kutasari, Purbalingga 0 51929 1759777 1340198 2026-11-03T05:31:09Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759777 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Sumingkir | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Kutasari |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Sumingkir''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Kutasari, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Kutasari]], [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Kutasari, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Kutasari, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} r85u7c6icqamt4eacwmg460cy3ijlty Kradenan, Mrebet, Purbalingga 0 51988 1759652 1339086 2026-11-02T12:12:12Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759652 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Kradenan | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Mrebet |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Kradenan ''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Mrebet, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Mrebet]], [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Mrebet, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Mrebet, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} ln8bc30da2qib6cruzs6tvlvsh5b5va Lambur, Mrebet, Purbalingga 0 51989 1759664 1339233 2026-11-02T13:19:00Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759664 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Lambur | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Mrebet |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Lambur ''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Mrebet, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Mrebet]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Mrebet, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Mrebet, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} 0ld0ni334q29v5kr3mnmfsgnhzglw7q Mangunegara, Mrebet, Purbalingga 0 51990 1759681 1339247 2026-11-02T15:15:07Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759681 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Mangunagara | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Mrebet |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Mangunagara ''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Mrebet, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Mrebet]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Mrebet, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Mrebet, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} 6qc0zsd4o4tot2zpbyx0k41mfweu9l0 Mrebet, Mrebet, Purbalingga 0 51991 1759691 1339252 2026-11-02T17:12:54Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759691 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Mrebet | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Mrebet |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Mrebet ''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Mrebet, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Mrebet]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Mrebet, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Mrebet, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} 38nmojrhnnrbqiz9vma3z0mv9edrr0o Onje, Mrebet, Purbalingga 0 51992 1759703 1339208 2026-11-02T19:37:07Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759703 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Onje | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Mrebet |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Onje ''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Mrebet, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Mrebet]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Mrebet, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Mrebet, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} coa4tmybsmu16wxjexcthvy7lywb58i Pager Andong, Mrebet, Purbalingga 0 51993 1759705 1339238 2026-11-02T20:14:43Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759705 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Pager Andong | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Mrebet |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Pager Andong ''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Mrebet, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Mrebet]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Mrebet, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Mrebet, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} 5nbbcbn92p513es08i8k88tp6syyqqv Pengalusan, Mrebet, Purbalingga 0 51994 1759725 1339207 2026-11-02T21:41:37Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759725 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Pengalusan | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Mrebet |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Pengalusan ''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Mrebet, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Mrebet]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Mrebet, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Mrebet, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} dn07ef3znicpyi9nnup1gj343x17l22 Sangkanayu, Mrebet, Purbalingga 0 51995 1759744 1339234 2026-11-03T02:42:24Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759744 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Sangkanayu | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Mrebet |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Sangkanayu ''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Mrebet, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Mrebet]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Mrebet, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Mrebet, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} eu6fg5qnsphqw6v5qd3bok9drugqrfl Selaganggeng, Mrebet, Purbalingga 0 51997 1759748 1339253 2026-11-03T03:10:14Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759748 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Selaganggeng | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Mrebet |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Selaganggeng ''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Mrebet, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Mrebet]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Mrebet, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Mrebet, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} 80xn5aw8uoyi53de3ylo7ecww76dxny Serayu Karanganyar, Mrebet, Purbalingga 0 51998 1759754 1339242 2026-11-03T03:28:31Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759754 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Serayu Karanganyar | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Mrebet |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Serayu Karanganyar ''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Mrebet, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Mrebet]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Mrebet, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Mrebet, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} e2wo0kkcw7ahuy9smdujgcgk5pl5dzo Serayu Larangan, Mrebet, Purbalingga 0 51999 1759755 1339211 2026-11-03T03:28:32Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759755 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Serayu Larangan | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Mrebet |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Serayu Larangan ''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Mrebet, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Mrebet]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Mrebet, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Mrebet, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} 9zgu7gycng5wws7laqyto0a6rhm9hlc Sindang, Mrebet, Purbalingga 0 52000 1759764 1339204 2026-11-03T04:19:48Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759764 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Sindang | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Mrebet |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Sindang ''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Mrebet, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Mrebet]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Mrebet, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Mrebet, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} 513dijrncitasaaqzdmu2y20p7alykj Tangkisan, Mrebet, Purbalingga 0 52001 1759782 1339235 2026-11-03T06:25:43Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759782 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Tangkisan | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Mrebet |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar =- | padunung =- | angka pos = | kapadhetan =- }} '''Tangkisan''' iku [[désa]] ing [[Mrebet, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Mrebet]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. == Uga delengen == * [[Mrebet, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Mrebet, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} dec8qx5kl84jpokkkv20ydta7gfo7vn Rhoma Irama 0 64629 1759729 1689873 2026-11-02T22:00:52Z Aja' i pake aseng tongeng ta 1 75069 /* */ 1759729 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox person | name = Rhoma Irama | image = Rhoma Irama gives lecture.jpg | caption = Rhoma Irama di [[Palembang]], 2015 | background = solo_singer | birth_name = Raden Haji Oma Irama | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1946|12|11}} | birth_place = [[Tasikmalaya]], [[Jawa Barat]], [[Indonesia]] | death_date = | death_place = | instrument = [[Vokal]], [[Gitar]] | influences = | genre = [[Dangdut]] | occupation = [[Musisi]], [[Penulis lagu]], [[Artis]], [[Penyanyi]] | nationality = [[Indonesia]] | years_active = 1956 - saiki | label = [[HP Records]]<br/>[[Musica Studio's]]<br/>[[GP Records]]<br/>[[Blackboard Indonesia|Blackboard]] }} '''Raden Haji Oma Irama''' utawa luwih ditepungi mawa jeneng '''Rhoma Irama''' (lair ing [[Tasikmalaya]], [[11 Dhésèmber]] [[1946]]) iku siji panyanyi dangdut Indonésia. Rhoma Irama iku misuwur minangka "Raja Dangdut". == Diskografi == * Ke Bina Ria (1974) * Joget (1975) * Penasaran (1976) * Hak Asasi (1977) * Gitar Tua Oma Irama (1977) * Berkelana (1978) * Rupiah (1978) * Begadang (1978) == Filmografi == * ''Oma Irama Penasaran'' (1976) * ''Gitar Tua Oma Irama'' (1977) * ''Darah Muda'' (1977) * ''Rhoma Irama Berkelana I'' (1978) * ''Rhoma Irama Berkelana II'' (1978) * ''Begadang (filem)|Begadang'' (1978) * ''Raja Dangdut'' (1978) * ''Cinta Segitiga'' (1979) * ''Camelia'' (1979) * ''Perjuangan dan Doa'' (1980) * ''Melody Cinta Rhoma Irama'' (1980) * ''Badai di Awal Bahagia'' (1981) * ''Satria Bergitar'' (1984) * ''Cinta Kembar'' (1984) * ''Pengabdian'' (1985) * ''Kemilau Cinta di Langit Jingga'' (1985) * ''Menggapai Matahari'' (1986) * ''Menggapai Matahari II'' (1986) * ''Nada-Nada Rindu'' (1987) * ''Bunga Désa'' (1988) * ''Jaka Swara'' (1990) * ''Nada dan Dakwah'' (1991) * ''Tabir Biru'' (1994) == Réferènsi == {{reflist}} == Pranala njaba == {{commons|category:Rhoma Irama}} {{wikiquote-id}} * http://www.rajadangdut.com {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110323152727/http://www.rajadangdut.com/ |date=2011-03-23 }} * http://soneta.freehostia.com * http://groups.yahoo.com/group/soneta * http://rhoma-irama.blogspot.com {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111018055607/http://rhoma-irama.blogspot.com/ |date=2011-10-18 }} [[Kategori:Penyanyi Indonésia]] [[Kategori:Aktor Indonésia]] [[Kategori:Poligamis]] [[Kategori:Paraga saka Tasikmalaya]] [[Kategori:Lair 1946]] p5vtha6zh525jj95oqu4lsqbfnv2xv9 1759813 1759729 2026-11-03T11:18:07Z Aja' i pake aseng tongeng ta 1 75069 /* */ 1759813 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox person | name = Rhoma Irama | image = Rhoma Irama gives lecture.jpg | caption = Rhoma Irama di [[Palembang]], 2015 | background = solo_singer | birth_name = Raden Haji Oma Irama | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1946|12|11}} | birth_place = [[Tasikmalaya]], [[Jawa Barat]], [[Indonesia]] | death_date = | death_place = | instrument = [[Vokal]], [[Gitar]] | influences = | genre = [[Dangdut]] | occupation = [[Musisi]], [[Penulis lagu]], [[Artis]], [[Penyanyi]] | nationality = [[Indonesia]] | years_active = 1955 - saiki | label = [[HP Records]]<br/>[[Musica Studio's]]<br/>[[GP Records]]<br/>[[Blackboard Indonesia|Blackboard]] }} '''Raden Haji Oma Irama''' utawa luwih ditepungi mawa jeneng '''Rhoma Irama''' (lair ing [[Tasikmalaya]], [[11 Dhésèmber]] [[1946]]) iku siji panyanyi dangdut Indonésia. Rhoma Irama iku misuwur minangka "Raja Dangdut". == Diskografi == * Ke Bina Ria (1974) * Joget (1975) * Penasaran (1976) * Hak Asasi (1977) * Gitar Tua Oma Irama (1977) * Berkelana (1978) * Rupiah (1978) * Begadang (1978) == Filmografi == * ''Oma Irama Penasaran'' (1976) * ''Gitar Tua Oma Irama'' (1977) * ''Darah Muda'' (1977) * ''Rhoma Irama Berkelana I'' (1978) * ''Rhoma Irama Berkelana II'' (1978) * ''Begadang (filem)|Begadang'' (1978) * ''Raja Dangdut'' (1978) * ''Cinta Segitiga'' (1979) * ''Camelia'' (1979) * ''Perjuangan dan Doa'' (1980) * ''Melody Cinta Rhoma Irama'' (1980) * ''Badai di Awal Bahagia'' (1981) * ''Satria Bergitar'' (1984) * ''Cinta Kembar'' (1984) * ''Pengabdian'' (1985) * ''Kemilau Cinta di Langit Jingga'' (1985) * ''Menggapai Matahari'' (1986) * ''Menggapai Matahari II'' (1986) * ''Nada-Nada Rindu'' (1987) * ''Bunga Désa'' (1988) * ''Jaka Swara'' (1990) * ''Nada dan Dakwah'' (1991) * ''Tabir Biru'' (1994) == Réferènsi == {{reflist}} == Pranala njaba == {{commons|category:Rhoma Irama}} {{wikiquote-id}} * http://www.rajadangdut.com {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110323152727/http://www.rajadangdut.com/ |date=2011-03-23 }} * http://soneta.freehostia.com * http://groups.yahoo.com/group/soneta * http://rhoma-irama.blogspot.com {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111018055607/http://rhoma-irama.blogspot.com/ |date=2011-10-18 }} [[Kategori:Penyanyi Indonésia]] [[Kategori:Aktor Indonésia]] [[Kategori:Poligamis]] [[Kategori:Paraga saka Tasikmalaya]] [[Kategori:Lair 1946]] shh7hobhd2hxk5dna547w5qiawjiyfe Sarawak 0 65848 1759746 1671932 2026-11-03T02:45:37Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759746 wikitext text/x-wiki {{multiscript|Sarawak|ꦱꦫꦮꦏ꧀}} [[File:Sarawak in Malaysia.svg|thumb|Sarawak]] '''Sarawak''' ([[Aksara Jawi|Jawi]]:سراواك) iku saka loro praja [[Malaysia]] kang dumunung ing lor-kulon [[pulo]] [[Kalimantan|Borneo]]. Sarawak iku praja Malaysia kang gedhé dhéwé. Kutha krajané yaiku [[Kuching]] (populasi 458.300 jiwa) kang kanthi barès tegesé 'kucing'. Miturut sènsus [[2000]], kang ndunungi Sarawak gunggungé 2.176.800 jiwa, ing taun [[1963]] kagabung sajeroning [[fédherasi Malaysia]] lan nganti saiki isih kacathet ing pratélan [[Dhéwan Kaamanan PBB]].<ref>[http://www.un.org/Depts/dpi/decolonization/trust2.htm#uk United Nations list of Non-Self-Governing Territories, '''North Borneo and Sarawak''']</ref> minangka wewengkon [[:en:United Nations list of Non-Self-Governing Territories|Non-Self-Governing Territories]]. == Rujukan == {{reflist}} == Pranala njaba == * {{en}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20140701015442/http://www.sarawak.gov.my/ Situs web resmi pamaréntah Sarawak] {{Commons category|Sarawak}} {{Sarawak}} {{Malaysia}} [[Kategori:Praja Malaysia]] [[Kategori:Negara bagéan ing Malaysia]] nlexj9ejxb9ell9uk85c2c5sag4p13e Peradaban lembah Indus 0 73456 1759728 1747308 2026-11-02T21:46:45Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759728 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Gambar:indusvalleyexcavation.jpg|jmpl|350px|Peradaban Lembah Kali Indhus ing sadawaning [[Kali Indhus]] ing [[Pakistan]] saiki. Puing [[Mohenjo-daro]] minangka pusat saka masarakat kuna iki.]] '''Peradaban Lembah Indhus''', [[abad ka-28 SM|2800 SM]]–[[abad ka-18 SM|1800 SM]], minangka sawijining peradaban kuna sing urip sadawaning [[Kali Indhus]] lan [[Kali Ghaggar]]-[[Kali Hakra|Hakra]] sing saiki tlatah [[Pakistan]] lan [[India]] kulon. Peradaban iki kerep uga karan '''Peradaban Harappa Lembah Indhus''', amarga kutha penggalian pisanan karan [[Harappa]], utawa uga '''Peradaban Indhus Sarasvati''' amarga [[Kali Saraswati Weda|Kali Sarasvati]] sing manawa garing ing pungkasan 1900 SM. Pamusatan gedhé dhéwé saka Lembah Indhus dumunung ing sisih wétan Indus, cedhak tlatah sing biyèné wujud Kali Sarasvati kuna. [http://www.archaeologyonline.net/indology/sarasvati-map-crop.jpg] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060507143339/http://archaeologyonline.net/indology/sarasvati-map-crop.jpg |date=2006-05-07 }} == Uga delengen == * [[Kabudayan Gandhara]] * [[Meluhha]] == Pranala njaba == * [http://bosei.cc.u-tokai.ac.jp/~indus/english/index.html An invitation to the Indus Civilization (Tokyo Metropolitan Museum)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041204060411/http://bosei.cc.u-tokai.ac.jp/~indus/english/index.html |date=2004-12-04 }} * [http://www.harappa.com/ Photos and descriptions of archaeological excavations — 90 page intro to Indus] (harappa.com) * [http://www.harappa.com/script/ The Indus Script] (harappa.com) * http://www.safarmer.com/fsw2.pdf 'Collapse of the Indus-Script Thesis' by Farmer, Sproat, and Witzel (2004) * [http://www.flonnet.com/fl1720/17200040.htm Horseplay in Harappa] article debunking claims of decipherment of the "Indus script" ** [http://micheldanino.voiceofdharma.com/frontline.html A reply to Frontline’s cover story by Michael Danino] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050305121336/http://micheldanino.voiceofdharma.com/frontline.html |date=2005-03-05 }} * [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/1272010.stm Prehistoric dentistry evidence found in Indus - BBC News] * [http://www.hindunet.org/hindu_history/sarasvati/html/artefacts.htm Indus artefacts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060206105038/http://www.hindunet.org/hindu_history/sarasvati/html/artefacts.htm |date=2006-02-06 }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110629091226/http://www.upenn.edu/researchatpenn/article.php?674&soc Cache of Seal Impressions Discovered in Western India ] * [http://www.ucl.ac.uk/~ucgadkw/members/indus.html Sarasvati-Sindhu civilization] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070101164930/http://www.ucl.ac.uk/~ucgadkw/members/indus.html |date=2007-01-01 }} [[Kategori:Peradaban kuna]] [[Kategori:Sajarah India]] [[hi:सिंधु घाटी सभ्यता]] [[sa:सिंधुदरीसंस्कृतिः]] ou4vvtsmsxpwiilw43ms38op9azo5jj Köln 0 76891 1759663 1689757 2026-11-02T13:11:54Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759663 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German Location |Name = Cologne |German_name = Köln |Art = Kutha |image_photo = Cologne panorama.jpg |image_size = 300px |image_caption = Panorama Köln, kanthi [[Great St. Martin Church|Groß St. Martin]], [[Katedral Köln]], lan [[Hohenzollernbrücke]] |Wappen =DEU Koeln COA.svg |image_flag = Flagge Köln.svg |Lageplan = North rhine w K.svg |Lageplanbeschreibung = Cologne within North Rhine-Westphalia |lat_deg = 50 |lat_min = 57 | lat_sec= |lon_deg = 06 |lon_min = 58 | lon_sec= |Bundesland = Nordrhein-Westfalen |Regierungsbezirk = Cologne |Kreis = Urban district |Höhe = 37 |Fläche = 405.15 |Einwohner = 1.000.660 |Stand = 2010-06-30 |PLZ = 50441–51149 |PLZ-alt = 5000 |Vorwahl = 0221, 02203 ([[Porz]]) |Kfz = K |Gemeindeschlüssel = 05 3 15 000 |LOCODE = DE CGN |Bürgermeister = [[Jürgen Roters]] |Bürgermeistertitel = [[Lord Mayor]] |Partei = SPD |Website = [http://www.stadt-koeln.de www.stadt-koeln.de] |year = 38 BC }} '''{{Audio|De-Köln.ogg|Köln}}''' ({{IPA|kœln}}; tekan taun 1919 uga diéja minangka ''Cöln'', lan sajeroning [[basa Latin]] ''Colonia Claudia Ara Agrippinensium'', {{lang-en|Cologne}}, [[Kölsch]]: ''Kölle'') iku kutha kapapat gedhé dhéwé diétung saka gunggung populasiné ing [[Jerman]] lan kutha gedhé dhéwé ing praja [[Nordrhein-Westfalen]]. Kutha iki wujud pelabuhan dharatan paling wigati ing Jerman, lan wujud kutha krajan mawa sajarah, budaya, lan ékonomi saka [[Rheinland]]. Kutha iki wujud [[Kutha gedhé dhéwé ing Uni Éropa adhedhasar populasi|kutha gedhé dhéwé angka 16 ing Uni Éropa]]. Nalika akir 2003, populasi Köln iku 965.954, migunakaké métodhe standhar kang mung ngétung pendhudhuk kang panggonan mligi ing kéné. Yèn mung pendhudhuk non-utama kang diétung, pendhudhuké iku 1.020.603. == Kutha kembar == Köln duwé gandhèngan kutha kembar karo kutha-kutha ing ngisor iki:<ref name="Cologne">{{cite web | url=http://www.koeln.de/koeln/die_domstadt/partnerstaedte | title=Partnerstädte | accessdate=2009-06-22 | archive-date=2014-03-26 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140326174622/http://www.koeln.de/koeln/die_domstadt/partnerstaedte | url-status=dead }}</ref> {{Col|2}} * {{flagicon|Karajan Manunggal}} [[Liverpool]], [[Britania Raya]], wiwit [[1952]] * {{flagicon|Prancis}} [[Lille]], [[Perancis]], wiwit [[1958]]<ref name=Lille.fr>{{cite web|url=http://www.mairie-lille.fr/sections/site-en/Menu_horizontal_haut/discovering-lille/lille-facts-figures/lille-facts-figures|title=Lile Facts & Figures|work=Mairie-Lille.fr|accessdate=2007-12-17|archive-date=2009-02-10|archive-url=https://archive.ph/20090210192016/http://www.mairie-lille.fr/sections/site-en/Menu_horizontal_haut/discovering-lille/lille-facts-figures/lille-facts-figures|url-status=dead}}</ref> * {{flagicon|Bèlgi}} [[Liège]], [[Bèlgi]], wiwit 1958 * {{flagicon|Nèderlan}} [[Rotterdam]], [[Walanda]], wiwit 1958 * {{flagicon|Italia}} [[Torino]], [[Italia]], wiwit 1958 * {{flagicon|Luksemburg}} [[Esch-sur-Alzette]], [[Luksemburg]], wiwit 1958 * {{flagicon|Jepang}} [[Kyoto]], [[Jepang]], sejak [[1963]]<ref name="Kyoto">{{cite web |url=http://www.city.kyoto.jp/koho/eng/databox/sister.html |title=Kyoto City Web / Data Box / Sister Cities |publisher=www.city.kyoto.jp |accessdate=2010-01-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130728154629/http://www.city.kyoto.jp/koho/eng/databox/sister.html |archive-date=2013-07-28 |url-status=dead }}</ref> * {{flagicon|Tunisia}} [[Tunis]], [[Tunisia]], wiwit [[1964]] * {{flagicon|Finlan}} [[Turku]], [[Finlan]], wiwit [[1967]] * {{flagicon|Jerman}} [[Neukölln]], [[Berlin]], [[Jerman]], wiwit 1967 * {{flagicon|Israèl}} [[Tel Aviv-Jaffa]], [[Israèl]], wiwit [[1979]] * {{flagicon|Spanyol}} [[Barcelona]], [[Spanyol]], wiwit [[1984]]<ref name="Barcelona">{{cite web|url=http://w3.bcn.es/XMLServeis/XMLHomeLinkPl/0,4022,229724149_257215678_1,00.html|title=Barcelona internacional - Ciutats agermanades|publisher=© 2006-2009 [http://www.bcn.es/catala/copyright/welcome2.htm Ajuntament de Barcelona]|language=Spanish|accessdate=2009-07-13|archive-date=2011-08-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110816053334/http://w3.bcn.es/XMLServeis/XMLHomeLinkPl/0,4022,229724149_257215678_1,00.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> * {{flagicon|Républik Rakyat Cina}} [[Beijing]], [[Républik Rakyat Cina]], wiwit [[1987]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ebeijing.gov.cn/Sister_Cities/Sister_City/|title=Sister Cities|publisher=Beijing Municipal Government|accessdate=2008-09-23|archive-date=2017-07-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170716081317/http://www.ebeijing.gov.cn/Sister_Cities/Sister_City/|url-status=dead}}</ref> * {{flagicon|Républik Irlandia}} [[Cork]], [[Républik Irlandia]], wiwit [[1988]] * {{flagicon|Yunani}} [[Thessalopunika]], [[Yunani]], wiwit 1988<ref name=Thessalopunika>{{cite web |url=http://www.thessalopunikacity.gr/English/twinning-cities.htm |title=Twinning Cities |work=City of Thessalopunika |accessdate=2009-07-07 }}{{Pranala mati|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> * {{flagicon|Nikaragua}} [[Corinto, Nikaragua|Corinto]]/[[El Realejo]], [[Nikaragua]], wiwit 1988 * {{flagicon|Amérika Sarékat}} [[Indianapolis]], [[Amérika Sarékat]], wiwit 1988 * {{flagicon|Ruslan}} [[Volgograd]], [[Ruslan]], wiwit 1988 * {{flagicon|Jerman}} [[Treptow-Kopenick]], [[Berlin]], [[Jerman]], wiwit [[1990]] * {{flagicon|Polen}} [[Katowice]], [[Polen]], wiwit [[1991]] * {{flagicon|Palestina}} [[Bethlehem]], [[Palestina]], wiwit [[1996]]<ref name="BethlehemTwinning">{{cite web |url=http://www.bethlehem-city.org/Twining.php |title=::Bethlehem Municipality:: |publisher=www.bethlehem-city.org |accessdate=2009-10-10 |archive-date=2010-07-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100724140854/http://www.bethlehem-city.org/Twining.php |url-status=dead }}</ref> * {{flagicon|Turki}} [[Istanbul]], [[Turki]], wiwit [[1997]] * {{flagicon|Rumeni}} [[Cluj-Napoca]], [[Rumania]], wiwit [[1999]] * {{flagicon|Karajan Manunggal}} [[Dunstable]], [[Britania Raya]] (liwat [[Porz]]) * {{flagicon|Karajan Manunggal}} [[Distrik Kutha Benfleet|Benfleet]], [[Britania Raya]] (liwat [[Rodenkirchen]]) * {{flagicon|Prancis}} [[Igny]], [[Prancis]] * {{flagicon|Prancis}} [[Brive-la-Gaillarde]], [[Prancis]] * {{flagicon|Prancis}} [[Hazebrouck]], [[Prancis]] * {{flagicon|Pakistan}} [[Islamabad]], [[Pakistan]] * {{flagicon|Nèderlan}} [[Eygelshoven]], [[Kerkrade]], [[Walanda]] * {{flagicon|Filipina}} [[Batangas]], [[Filipina]] {{EndDiv}} == Rujukan == {{reflist}} == Pranala njaba == {{Commons|Cologne}} * [http://www.koeln.de Koeln], situs resmi {{Nordrhein-Westfalen}} [[Kategori:Kutha ing Nordrhein-Westfalen]] [[Kategori:Köln| {{PAGENAME}}]] 6p59lo6amfgj6ceecixcic8z36fq5n8 Lubuntu 0 79328 1759673 1615329 2026-11-02T14:32:25Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759673 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox OS |name = Lubuntu |logo = |screenshot = [[Gambar:Lubuntu 18.10 English.png|300px]] |caption = Lubuntu 18.10 |developer = Lubuntu Community |family = [[Unix-like]] |source_model = [[Open source]], [[Perangkat lunak bébas]] |latest_release_version = 18.10 |latest_release_date = {{Start date and age|2018|10|20}}<ref name="releaseISO">{{Cite web |url=https://lubuntu.me/cosmic-released |title=lubuntu.me |access-date=2018-10-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181024035442/https://lubuntu.me/cosmic-released/ |archive-date=2018-10-24 |url-status=dead}}</ref> |latest_test_version = |latest_test_date = |kernel_type = [[Monolithic kernel]] |userland = [[GNU Core Utilities|GNU]] |ui = [[LXDE]] |license = Bervariasi, umunya [[GNU GPL]] |website = [https://lubuntu.me/ lubuntu.me] }} '''Lubuntu''' ya iku proyèk kang ancasé kanggo ngasilaké sawijining turunan resmi saka [[sistem operasi]] [[Ubuntu]] kang "luwih ènthèng, luwih sithik anggoné mbutuhake sumber daya lan efisien ènèrgi", nganggoné desktop [[LXDE]].<ref name="Distrowatch11May09">{{cite web|url = http://distrowatch.com/weekly.php?issue=20090511#news|title = Another day, another Ubuntu derivative.|accessdate = 2009-05-21|last = Smart|first = Chris|authorlink = |date=May 2009}}</ref><ref name="LXDEBlog">{{cite web|url = http://blog.lxde.org/?p=208|title =Lubuntu? LXDE Meet up with Mark Shuttleworth in Berlin|accessdate = 2009-05-21|last = [[LXDE]]|authorlink = |date=February 2009}}</ref><ref name="UbuntuWiki">{{cite web|url = https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Lubuntu|title = Lubuntu|accessdate = 2009-05-24|last = [[Canonical Ltd]]|authorlink = |date=May 2009}}</ref> Desktop [[LXDE]] migunakake [[window manager]] [[Openbox]] lan dimaksudke kanggo dadi sistem kang persayaratane sithik, RAM kang dibutuhake kanggo [[netbook]], [[mobile devices]] lan PC (komputer) tuwa uga cilik.<ref name="LXDEBlog"/> Ana ing proyek iki Lubuntu duwé saingan saka [[Xubuntu]].<ref name="Distrowatch11May09" /> Jeneng ''Lubuntu'' ya iku kombinasi saka ''LXDE'' lan ''Ubuntu''.<ref name="Distrowatch11May09" /> LXDE ya iku singkatan saka ''Lightweight X11 Desktop Environment'', déné Ubuntu iku tegesé ''perikemanusian terhadap sesama manungsa'' ana ing basa [[Zulu]] lan basa [[Xhosa]].<ref name="Distrowatch11May09" /> Desktop LXDE pisana disediakake kanggo paket opsional [[Ubuntu]] wiwit saka versi 8.10 "Intrepid Ibex".<ref name="Distrowatch11May09"/> LXDE uga bisa di-instal ana ing Ubuntu versi-versi sadurungé.<ref name="Distrowatch11May09"/> Nalika sasi Februari 2009 [[Mark Shuttleworth]] ngundang proyek LXDE dadi dhéwé ana ing komunitas Ubuntu, kanthi nduwèni tujuwan mirunggan kanggo mirunggan ngasilake turunan resmi Ubuntu anyar kang banjur dijenengi ''Lubuntu''.<ref name="releaseISO"/> Sasi Maret 2009, proyek Lubuntu diwiwiti nalika [[Launchpad]] déning Mario Behling, kalebu uga peresmian logo pisanan.<ref name="releaseISO"/> Tujuwan proyek Lubuntu ya iku kanggo golèk dana saka [[Canonical]].<ref name="releaseISO"/> Proyek iki uga ngasilake halaman proyek wiki Ubuntu resmi, kang kabawah uga déning Behling, kaya daftar aplikasi, paket lan komponen.<ref name="releaseISO"/> Sasi Agustus 2009, test ISO pisanan diterbitake kanggo [[Live CD]], tanpa opsi kanggo peng-instal-an.<ref name="releaseISO"/> == Rilis == {|- |style="white-space:nowrap; background-color:#8dcff4" width="25%" align="center"| Pra-rilis |style="white-space:nowrap; background-color:#FF8080" width="25%" align="center"| Rilis kang ndiisik |style="white-space:nowrap; background-color:#40FF40" width="25%" align="center"| Rilis saiki |style="white-space:nowrap; background-color:#FFFF80" width="25%" align="center"| Rilis sawisé |} {| class="wikitable" ! Versi ! Jeneng Kode ! Tanggal Rilis ! Didukung nganti ! Cathetan |- |style="white-space: nowrap; background-color:#8dcff4"| 8.10 |style="white-space: nowrap"| ''Intrepid Ibex'' |30 Oktober 2008 |April 2010 |Ana kanggo paket desktop opsional |- |style="white-space: nowrap; background-color:#8dcff4"| 9.04 |style="white-space: nowrap"| ''Jaunty Jackalope'' |23 April 2009 |Oktober 2010 |Ana kanggo paket desktop opsional |- |style="white-space: nowrap; background-color:#8dcff4"| 9.10b14 |style="white-space: nowrap"| ''Karmic Koala'' |01 September 2009 | - |Test ISO ([[live CD]], ora bisa di-instal) |- |style="white-space: nowrap; background-color:#8dcff4"| 9.10b23 |style="white-space: nowrap"| ''Karmic Koala'' |08 September 2009 | - |Test ISO ([[live CD]], ora bisa di-instal) |- |style="white-space: nowrap; background-color:#8dcff4"| 9.10 |style="white-space: nowrap"| ''Karmic Koala'' |26 Oktober 2009 |April 2011 |Ana kanggo paket desktop opsional |- | style="white-space: nowrap; background-color:#A0E75A"| 10.04 | style="white-space: nowrap"| ''Lucid Lynx'' | 2 Mei 2010 | Oktober 2011<ref name="releaseISO" /> | |- | style="white-space: nowrap; background-color:#FFFF80"| 10.10 | style="white-space: nowrap"| ''Maverick Meerkat'' | 28 Oktober 2010 | April 2012 || |- |} == Cathetan suku == {{reflist}} [[Kategori:Distribusi Linux]] [[Kategori:Turunan Ubuntu]] [[Kategori:LXDE]] {{Stub}} r594p6qws4oa39yow79owj1u4q4u14w Konosuke Matsushita 0 79335 1759651 1671028 2026-11-02T12:04:07Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759651 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Kōnosuke Matsushita | native_name = 松下 幸之助 | image = Formal Portrait of Kōnosuke Matsushita in 1929.jpg | alt = Black and white portrait. Head shot of Matsushita in front of a dark background, wearing a dark suit jacket with a light wing-collared shirt, dark vest, and dark striped necktie. | caption = Matsushita in 1929 | birth_date = 27 November 1894 | birth_place = [[Wakayama, Wakayama|Wakayama]], [[Empire of Japan|Japan]] | death_date = 27 April 1989 (aged 94) | death_place = [[Moriguchi, Osaka]], [[Japan]] | nationality = {{JPN}} | father = Masakusu Matsushita | mother = Tokue Matsushita | spouse = [[Mumeno Matsushita]] | children = Sachiko Matsushita | net_worth = US$3 billion(1989) | relatives = {{plainlist| *[[Masaharu Matsushita]] (son-in-law) *[[:ja:松下正幸|Masayuki Matsushita]] (grandson) *[[Hiroyuki Matsushita]] (grandson) }} | awards = {{unbulleted list |[[Order of the House of Orange]] ''Decorated Commander in the Order of Orange'' (1958)<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.panasonic.com/global/corporate/history/konosuke-matsushita/story3-07.html/|title=Decorated Commander in the Order of Orange-Nassau by the Queen of the Netherlands: in 1958 at age 63|access-date=2021-11-30|archive-date=2020-04-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200412181340/https://www.panasonic.com/global/corporate/history/konosuke-matsushita/story3-07.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> |[[Order of the Sacred Treasure]] |[[Order of the Rising Sun]] (29 April 1981) |[[Order of the Paulownia Flowers]] (29 April 1987) |[[Order of the Defender of the Realm]] (Panglima Mangku Negara which carries the title "Tan Sri") |[[Medals of Honor (Japan)|Medal with Blue Ribbon]] |[[Medals of Honor (Japan)|Medal with Dark Blue Ribbon]] |'''Honorary Commander of the [[Order of the Defender of the Realm#Commander|Order of the Defender of the Realm]]''' |'''China Reform Friendship Medal''' (2018){{citation needed|date=August 2021}} }} | known for = Founder of [[Panasonic]] | other_names = '''God of Management''' | occupation = [[Businessman]] and [[Industrialist]] | signature = }} '''Konosuke Matsushita''' ({{lahirmati||27|11|1894||27|4|1989}}) ya iku wong kang ngedegaké [[Panasonic]] nganti dadi sawijining [[parusahan]] gedhé nganti sapréné.<ref name="matsushita">{{Cite web |url=http://matsushita-library.jp/en/history/index.html |title=Archive copy |access-date=2011-08-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221026132412/https://www.matsushita-library.jp/en/history/index.html |archive-date=2022-10-26 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Matsushita lair ing kulawarga prasaja [[désa]] [[Wasa]], [[Jepang]], tanggal 27 [[Novèmber]] 1894.<ref name="matsushita" /> Nalika diwasa, dhèwèké dadi sawijining wong kang katutup lan rada lara-laranen, mula ndadèkaké mangsa ngarepé dadi ora cetha.<ref name="matsushita" /> Kaya-kaya dhèwèké ditakdiraké urip kang kebak perjuangan.<ref name="matsushita" /> Nalika umur sangang taun, dhèwèké nyambut gawé ing toko [[pit|sepedha]] kanggo mbantu [[kulawarga]]né.<ref name="matsushita" /> Jeneng perusahané ya iku [[Panasonic]], déné jeneng sadurungé ya iku [[Matsushita Electric Industrial Co.]] == Lair == Konosuke Matsushita lair tanggal 27 November 1894, ing sawijining désa mencil kira-kira limang menit yèn ditempuh kanthi lumaku saka [[Senda]], stasiun sepur tanpa panjaga ing jalur [[JR Wakayama]] ([[Negi]], Prefektur [[Wakayama]]). Bapaké, ya iku Masakusu lan ibuné Tokue sayang banget lan ngugung anaké sing siji iki, ya iku siji saka wolung seduluran, wolu anak lanang lan lima anak wadon. Jeneng kulawargané Matsushita, duwé teges "ing ngisor wit [[pinus]]", jaréné amarga omahé ing ngisor wit [[pinus]] gedhé kang umuré 800 taun. Minangka wong kang duwé sawah pertanian kang mung cilik, kulawargané mau kagolong kelas dhuwuran ing masarakat. Nalika isih cilik, dhèwèké rumangsa tentrem lan nyenengaké, nanging kabèh mau ora kalaksanan kanthi suwé. == Patang taun kang wiwitan-Pungkasane Mangsa Tenang (1899) == Amarga sawah tetanèné digarap déning wong tani séwan, bapaké Masakusu nggunakaké wektune kang akèh kanggo pulitik lan aktivitas pamaréntahan lokal. Dhèwèké iku tipe wong kang seneng nganakake panaliten kang isih nayar lan béda, kalebu berspekulasi ing pasar [[beras]], kang nalika iku njanjeni untung kanti rikat lan wis mesthi. Nanging Masakusu ora duwé kawruh akèh ngenani investasi kang apik mula dhèwèké dadi rugi lan pungkasane bangkrut. Kulawargane kepeksa ngedol lemah lan omah kang wis diwarisake turun menurun mau lan kudu ninggal désa kanggo nyambut gawé ing kutha kang cedhak, ya iku [[Wakayama]]. Kanthi sisa dhuwit sithik mau sawisé bayar [[utang]] lan panulungé kancané, Masakusu mbuka toko [[bakiak]] kayu. Nanging usaha mau amblas rong taun candhaké. Ing taun 1902, dhèwèké lunga ing [[Osaka]] saperlu nyambut gawé ing sekolah swasta kang lagi dibuka kanggo anak-anak [[tuna netra]] lan [[tuna grahita]].<ref name="matsushita" /> == Cathetan suku == {{sisterlinks|Konosuke Matsushita}} {{Reflist}} {{Authority control}} [[Kategori:Lair 1894]] [[Kategori:Pati 1989]] {{Nagara-bio-stub|Jepang}} dn8b4h93r9xt6nqoqatpxkdxdrl8oys Montor mabur nirawak 0 94830 1759690 1646542 2026-11-02T17:02:50Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759690 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Group photo of aerial demonstrators at the 2005 Naval Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Air Demo.jpg|thumb|300px|Sekelompok pesawat tanpa awak dipamerkan padha acara "Naval Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Air Demo" taun 2005.]] [[File:MQ-8B Fire Scout.jpeg|thumb|Sanajan kebanyakan UAV merupakan sebuah [[pesawat sayap tetap]], rancangan [[pesawat sayap putar]] seperti [[MQ-8 Fire Scout|MQ-8B Fire Scout]] juga ada.]] [[File:MQ-9 Reaper in flight (2007).jpg|thumb|right|[[MQ-9 Reaper]], sebuah UAV pengintai pemburu-pembunuh yang digunakan olèh [[Angkatan Bersenjata Amérikah Sarékat]] dan [[Angkatan Bersenjata Inggris]], terutamanya di [[Iraq]] dan [[Afghanistan]].]] '''Montor mabur nirawak''' ([[english]] = '''u'''nmanned '''a'''erial '''v'''ehicle utawa disingkat '''UAV'''), ya iku montor mabur sing duwé fungsi kaliyan kendali jarak adoh déning [[juru anggegana]] utawa mampu ngendalike awake dewe, nganggo hukum aerodinamika kanggo ngangkat awake, bisa digunake manèh lan mampu gawa momotan. Penggunaan gedhé dhéwé saka pesawat tanpa awak iki yakui dibidang militèr. [[Rudal]] walaupun duwé kesamaan nanging tetep dianggap béda kaliyan pesawat tanpa awak iki amarga rudal ora bisa digunake manèh lan rudal kui senjata iku dewe. Pesawat tanpa awak duwé bentuk, ukuran, konfigurasi lan karakter sing bervariasi. Sajarah pesawat tanpa awak ya iku [[Drone]], pesawat tanpa awak sing digunake dadi sasaran tembak. Perkembangan kontrol otomatis dadeake pesawat sasaran tembak sing prasaja bisa dadi pesawat tanpa awak sing kompleks lan rumit. ==Ngeti Uga== * [[Aerobot]] * [[Panen ènergi]] * [[Pratélan pesawat tanpa awak]] * [[Metaplane]] * [[Kendaraan udara mikro]] * [[Miniatur UAV]] * [[Missile Technology Control Regime]] * [[Nano Hummingbird]] * [[Pesawat Radio kontrol]] ;Sajarah * [[Kettering Bug]] ;Fasilitas, unit dan program * [[82d Aerial Targets Squadron]] * [[Kompetisi Robotika Aerial Internasional]] * Fasilitas Royal Air Force, [[ParcAberporth]] * Fasilitas U.S Air Force, [[UAV Battlelab]] ;Tipe lain kendaraan tanpa awak * [[Pesawat tempur tanpa awak]] atau Unmanned combat air vehicle * [[Kendaraan darat tanpa awak]] * [[kendaraan akasa tanpa awak]] ;Intelijen * [[manajemen pengumpulan Intelijen]] * [[ISTAR|Intelligence, Surveillance, Target Acquisition and Reconnaissance]] * [[Intelijen pengukuran dan penandaan]] == Rujukan == {{Linkrot|date=October 2011}} {{Reflist|2}} *Wagner, William. ''Lightning Bugs and other Reconnaissance Drones; The can-do story of Ryan's unmanned spy planes.'' 1982, [[Armed Forces Journal]] International, in cooperation with Aero Publishers, Inc. == Pranala njaba == {{wikinews|Fifteen killed by US drone strikes in Northern Waziristan}} {{Commons category|Unmanned aerial vehicles}} * [http://www.defense-update.com/features/du-2-05/feature-uav.htm Defense Update reports about UAV employment in Persistent Surveillance] * [http://www.vtol.org/uavpaper/NavyUAV.htm VTOL UAVs] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081017011558/http://www.vtol.org/uavpaper/NavyUAV.htm |date=2008-10-17 }} * [http://www.ctie.monash.edu/hargrave/rpav_usa.html History of WWI-era UAVs] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716210742/http://www.ctie.monash.edu/hargrave/rpav_usa.html |date=2011-07-16 }} - Remote Piloted Aerial Vehicles : The 'Aerial Target' and 'Aerial Torpedo' in the USA * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080724123933/http://www.wired.com/news/technology/0,1282,61347,00.html "Human Pilots: Who Needs 'Em?"] — Wired News, 23 November 2003 * [http://news.cnet.com/Drone-aircraft-may-prowl-U.S.-skies/2100-11746_3-6055658.html "Drone aircraft may prowl U.S. skies"]- c|net News, 29 Mar 2006 * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090426052230/http://blog.wired.com/defense/2009/02/peter-singers-w.html Inside the Rise of the Warbots] - Interview with [[Brookings Institution]] senior fellow [[Peter W. Singer]] about his book [[Wired for War]] {{Robotika}} {{Aviation lists}} [[p {{DEFAULTSORT:Unmanned Aerial Vehicle}} [[Kategori:Militèr]] [[Kategori:Intèlijen]] [[Kategori:Pesawat tanpa awak]] 90esmz72kefh9fh5fdaok6oe5lozi9a Naruto (manga) 0 95278 1759698 1549723 2026-11-02T18:12:28Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759698 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox animanga/Header | name = Naruto | image = | caption = Cover of the first Japanese ''Naruto'' manga volume | ja_kanji = NARUTO—ナルト— }} '''Naruto''' (ナルト) yaiku [[manga]] lan [[anime]] karya [[Masashi Kishimoto]]. Manga Naruto nyritakaké babagan tokoh mligi, [[Naruto Uzumaki]], siji [[ninja]] timur kang crigis, akèh polah, lan duwé kekarepan kang gedhé. Impèn-impèné yaiku dadi [[Hokage]], pamimpin ing desané. == Pranala njaba == {{wikiquote}} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20170313191140/http://www.naruto.com/ Situs Resmi Naruto ing Basa Jepang] *[http://www.tv-tokyo.co.jp/anime/naruto/ TV Tokyo kanggo Naruto] {{info Naruto}} [[Kategori:Anime]] [[Kategori:Fiksi]] [[en:World of Naruto#Land of Fire]] [[it:Terzo Hokage]] [[zh:第三代火影]] nly382604i6xsisf36n2eem7d6eswos Sotong 0 95502 1759771 1629673 2026-11-03T04:59:32Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759771 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Taxobox | name = Sotong | image = Georgia Aquarium - Cuttlefish Jan 2006.jpg | image_width = 250px | image_caption = sotong | regnum = [[Animalia]] | phylum = [[Mollusca]] | classis = [[Cephalopoda]] | subclassis = [[Coleoidea]] | superordo = [[Decapodiformes]] | ordo = '''Sepiida''' | ordo_authority = [[Karl Alfred von Zittel|Zittel]], [[1895]] | subdivision_ranks = [[Order (biologi)|Suborder]] dan [[Kulawarga (biologi)|Kulawarga]] | subdivision = * †[[Vasseuriina]] ** †[[Vasseuriidae]] ** †[[Belosepiellidae]] * [[Sepiina]] ** †[[Belosaepiidae]] ** [[Sepiadariidae]] ** [[Sepiidae]] }} [[File:Cuttlebone.jpg|thumb|Cangkang sajeroning sotong]] '''Sotong''' utawa ''iwak nus'' ya iku kéwan kang urip ing banyu, khususé ing kali, sagara, utawa tlaga. Sotong bisa tinemu ingmaneka warna jinis banyu kang ukurane gedhé ing banyu anta, banyu payau, utawa banyu asin kang jerone variasi saka cedhak dhuwur nganti ewunan mèter ing ngisor sagara. Akèh wong kang nganggep sotong iku padha karo [[nus]]. Kamangka sotong lan nus iku béda, sotong awake tipis dene nus awake gilig. Saliyané iku, thothok sotong kasusun saka kapur kang atos, déné thothok nus empuk. == Pranala njaba == {{commons|Category:Sepiida|Sotong}} {{Wiktionary}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060118140436/http://www.cephbase.utmb.edu/ Scientific Database with photos and videos of cuttlefish and other cephalopods] * [http://www.tonmo.com/ TONMO.com offers articles and forum discussion on cuttlefish care] * [http://users.bigpond.net.au/je.st/cuttlefish/index.html Amazing cuttlefish - Cephalopods with natural camouflage and sepia ink] [[Kategori:Sato kéwan]] [[Kategori:Cephalopoda]] [[Kategori:Kéwan laut]] 8c34up2ovcsm5nh10sekrlprk1ufx5y RAW 0 96653 1759738 1747977 2026-11-03T00:39:16Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759738 wikitext text/x-wiki '''RAW''' ya iku salah sawijining acara gulat ingkang tayang ing tivi. RAW iku uga padha kaliyan [[Smack Down]], uga sawijining acara ingkang didamel kaliyan [[World Wrestling Entertaintment]]. Iki uga salah sawijing program gulat ing tivi kanggo hiburan. Adégan-adégan gulak ingkang kawaruh iku namung kanggo hiburan. Ulah raga iku uga diprèdikat tayangan tiyang diwasa lan pinisepuh. Ing nagari [[Amérikah Sarékat]], kaping pisan RAW iku tayng ing tivi nalika taun 1993. Ing nagari Indonesia, acara tivi gulat ingkang didamel karo [[World Wrestling Entertaintment]] kaya ta [[Smack Down]] lan RAW iku tayang miwiti taun 2006. Nanging déning wonten masalah kanggo rating tivi lan aksi kékérasan ing Indonesia amarga tayangan iku, ijin siarane banjur dicabut. === Sajarah saka RAW === RAW iku kapisan tayang ing labuh 11 Januari taun 1993. Nalika iku namung tayang 1 jam ing stasiun tivi [[USA Network]]. Tampilan kapisan iku nguguhake [[Yokozuna]] lawan tanding karo [[Koko B. Ware]]. Iki uga dadi episode ingkang [[The Undertaker]] main kapisan ing RAW, ora [[Smack Down]], tarung karo [[Max Moon]]. Nalika ing ngandhape gendéra [[World Wrestling Federation]], gulat iki taksih murni ulah raga, ora ana adègan-adègan ingkang ngemot unsur drama. Nanging banjur ganti asma ing [[World Wrestling Entertaintment]], kathah adègan ingkang sakburine layar, ora namung ing ring gulat. {| border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; background: #FCFDFF; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" !Nagara||Saluran||Ref |- |[[Argentina]] |[[Canal 9 (Argentina)|Canal 9]] |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Argentina|title=WWE Argentina Scheduling|publisher=[[World Wrestling Entertainment]]|access-date=2013-02-02|archive-date=2010-02-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100208224449/http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Argentina|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |[[Australia]] |[[Fox8]] |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fox8.foxtel.com.au/Shows/wwe-raw/index.htm|title=WWE Raw on Fox8's official Website| publisher=[[Fox8]]|accessdate=2009-08-21}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Ostrali|title=WWE Ostrali Scheduling|publisher=[[World Wrestling Entertainment]]|access-date=2013-02-02}}{{Pranala mati|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> |- |[[Ostenrik]] |[[Sky (Ostenrik)|Sky]] |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Ostenrik|title=WWE Ostenrik Scheduling|publisher=[[World Wrestling Entertainment]]|access-date=2013-02-02}}{{Pranala mati|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> |- |[[Bangladesh]] |[[TEN Sports]] |<ref name="Ten Sport Schedule"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Banggaladésa|title=WWE Banggaladésa Scheduling|publisher=[[World Wrestling Entertainment]]|access-date=2013-02-02}}{{Pranala mati|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> |- |[[Belgium]] |[[AB3]] |<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Belgium|title=WWE Belgium Scheduling|publisher=[[World Wrestling Entertainment]]|access-date=2013-02-02|archive-date=2009-06-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090612234025/http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Belgium|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ab3.be/guide-programmes/sport-Catch-RAW-285.aspx|title=''WWE Raw'' on AB3|access-date=2013-02-02|publisher=[[AB3]]|language=Dutch, French, German|archive-date=2009-09-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090922235125/http://www.ab3.be/guide-programmes/sport-Catch-RAW-285.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |[[Bhutan]] |[[TEN Sports]] |<ref name="Ten Sport Schedule"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Bhutan|title=WWE Bhutan Scheduling|publisher=[[World Wrestling Entertainment]]|access-date=2013-02-02|archive-date=2009-07-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090704112917/http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Bhutan|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |[[Bulgaria]] |[[bTV Comedy]] |<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Bulgaria|title=WWE Bulgaria Scheduling|publisher=[[World Wrestling Entertainment]]|access-date=2013-02-02|archive-date=2010-03-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100325192128/http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Bulgaria|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gtv.bg/production.php?id=9|title=Primary Power|language=[[Bulgarian language|Bulgarian]]|access-date=2013-02-02|publisher=[[BTV Comedy|GTV]]|archive-date=2009-08-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090828012930/http://www.gtv.bg/production.php?id=9|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |[[Bolivia]] |[[Red PAT]] |<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.redpat.tv/programacion.htm |title=Archive copy |access-date=2013-02-02 |archive-date=2010-12-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101222195050/http://www.redpat.tv/programacion.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |[[Bosnia and Herzegovina]] |[[Televizija OBN|OBN]] |<ref>http://obn.ba/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=459&catid=459</ref> |- |[[Canada]] |[[The Score Television Network|The Score]] and [[CKMI-TV|Global Quebec]] |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thescore.ca/scoretv/programs.aspx?progID=114|title=WWE Raw on FOX8|publisher=[[Fox8]]|access-date=2013-02-02}}{{Pranala mati|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Canada|title=WWE Canada Scheduling|publisher=[[World Wrestling Entertainment]]|access-date=2013-02-02|archive-date=2010-02-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100208213624/http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Canada|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |[[Chili]] |[[Chilevisión]] |<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Chile|title=WWE Chile Scheduling|access-date=2013-02-02|publisher=[[World Wrestling Entertainment]]|archive-date=2010-02-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100210200743/http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Chile|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chilevision.cl/home/index.php?option=com_programacionchv&task=showcurrentweek&Itemid=880|title=Chilevisión Television Schedule|access-date= 2013-02-02|publisher=[[Chilevisión]]}}</ref> |- |[[Costa Rica]] |[[Repretel|Repretel Canal 11]] |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Costa%20Rica|title=WWE Costa Rica Scheduling|publisher=[[World Wrestling Entertainment]]|access-date=2013-02-02|archive-date=2010-03-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100317143434/http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Costa|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |[[Colombia]] |[[Citytv Bogotá|Citytv]] |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/?country=Colombia|title=WWE Colombia Scheduling|publisher=[[World Wrestling Entertainment]]|access-date=2013-02-02|archive-date=2009-06-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090602034636/http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/?country=Colombia|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |[[Czech Republic]] |[[Nova Sport]] |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Czech%20Republic|title=WWE Czech republic Scheduling|publisher=[[World Wrestling Entertainment]]|access-date=2013-02-02|archive-date=2009-06-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090626063800/http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Czech%20Republic|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |[[Dhènemarken]] |[[6'eren]] |<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Denmark |title=Archive copy |access-date=2013-02-02 |archive-date=2009-07-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090704112932/http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Denmark |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |[[Dunia Arab]] |[[MBC Action]] |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Algeria|title=WWE Algeria Scheduling|publisher=[[World Wrestling Entertainment]]|access-date=2013-02-02|archive-date=2010-03-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100315153426/http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Algeria|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="MBC Middle East">{{cite web|url=http://www.mbc.net/portal/site/MBC-PROGRAMS-PORTAL/menuitem.2ba1fb1201d3e0a65ffa0010441800a0/?vgnextoid=a2f3e2bfce2b3210VgnVCM1000008420010aRCRD&lang=ar&programID=a2f3e2bfce2b3210VgnVCM1000008420010aRCRD|title=''WWE Raw'' on MBC's official site|access-date=2013-02-02|publisher=MBC| language=Arabic}}</ref> |- |[[El Salvador]] |[[Canal VTV (El Salvador)|Canal VTV]] |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/El%20Salvador|title=WWE El Savador Scheduling|publisher=[[World Wrestling Entertainment]]|access-date=2013-02-02|archive-date=2009-07-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090724162838/http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/El%20Salvador|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |[[France]] |[[RTL9]] |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/France|title=WWE France Scheduling|publisher=[[World Wrestling Entertainment]]|access-date=2013-02-02|archive-date=2010-02-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100210200749/http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/France|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nt1.tv/guide-programmes/sport-Catch-RAW-432.aspx|title=WWE Raw Official NT1 Website|publisher=[[NT1 (television)|NT1]]|access-date=2013-02-02|language=[[French language|French]]}}</ref> |- |[[Finland]] |[[MTV3|MTV3 MAX]] |<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Finland|title=WWE Finland Scheduling|publisher=[[World Wrestling Entertainment]]|access-date=2013-02-02|archive-date=2010-04-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100404084035/http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Finland|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |[[Germany]] |[[Sky Deutschland|Sky Sport]] |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Germany|title=WWE Germany Scheduling|publisher=[[World Wrestling Entertainment]]|access-date=2013-02-02|language=[[German language|German]]|archive-date=2010-03-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100314063528/http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Germany|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sky.de/web/cms/de/select-wrestling-wwe-magazin.jsp|title=WWE Magazine|publisher=[[Sky Deutschland|Sky Sport]]|access-date=2013-02-02|language=[[German language|German]]}}</ref> |- |[[Greece]] |[[Nova Sports|Nova Sports 3]] |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Greece|title=WWE Greece Scheduling|publisher=[[World Wrestling Entertainment]]|access-date=2013-02-02|archive-date=2010-02-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100209041351/http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Greece|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nova.gr/eng/tvguide.asp?movieid=36248&weekday=21/8/2009&channel=141&r=5564678|title=WWE Raw Scheduling on Nova Sports|publisher=[[Nova Sports]]|access-date=2013-02-02}}{{Pranala mati|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> |- |[[Honduras]] |[[XHGC-TV|Canal 5]] |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Honduras|title=WWE Honduras Scheduling|publisher=[[World Wrestling Entertainment]]|access-date=2013-02-02|archive-date=2009-07-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090728053749/http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Honduras|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |[[India]], [[Pakistan]], [[Sri Lanka]] dan [[Indonesia]] |[[TEN Sports]] |<ref name="Ten Sport Schedule">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tensports.com/tvschedule/|title=Ten Sports TV Schedule|publisher=[[TEN Sports]]|access-date=2013-02-02|archive-date=2023-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230304065059/https://www.sonypicturessportsnetwork.com/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/India|title=WWE India Scheduling|publisher=[[World Wrestling Entertainment]]|access-date=2013-02-02|archive-date=2010-03-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100317143444/http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/India|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Pakistan|title=WWE Pakistan Scheduling|publisher=[[World Wrestling Entertainment]]|access-date=2013-02-02|archive-date=2010-06-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100603212138/http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Pakistan|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Sri%20Lanka|title=WWE Sri Lanka Scheduling|publisher=[[World Wrestling Entertainment]]|access-date=2013-02-02|archive-date=2010-02-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100202211755/http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Sri%20Lanka|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |[[Indonesia]] |[[MNC Sports 2]] |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Indonesia|title=WWE Indonesia Scheduling|publisher=[[World Wrestling Entertainment]]|access-date=2013-02-02|archive-date=2009-08-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090814200248/http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Indonesia|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |[[Israèl]] |[[Sport 1]] |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Israèl|title=WWE Israèl Scheduling|access-date=2013-02-02|publisher=[[World Wrestling Entertainment]]}}{{Pranala mati|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sport1.co.il/?q=schedule|title=Sport 1 Schedule|access-date=2013-02-02|publisher=[[Sky Sports|Sky Sport 1]]|language=[[Hebrew language|Irsaeli]]|archive-date=2009-08-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090818202443/http://www.sport1.co.il/?q=schedule|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |[[Italy]]<br />(Siaran langsung) |[[Sky Italia]] |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Italy|title=WWE Italy Scheduling|publisher=[[World Wrestling Entertainment]]|access-date=2013-02-02|language=[[Italin language|Italin]]|archive-date=2010-03-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100303142744/http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Italy|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://guidatv.sky.it/guidatv/programma/sport/wrestling/wwe-domestic-raw_112654.shtml|title=WWE Domestic Raw|publisher=[[Sky Itali|SKY Itali]]|access-date=2013-02-02|language=[[Italin language|Italin]]|archive-date=2009-09-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090914095012/http://guidatv.sky.it/guidatv/programma/sport/wrestling/wwe-domestic-raw_112654.shtml|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |[[Malaysia]] |[[Astro (Malaysia)|Astro Super Sport]] |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Malaysia|title=WWE Malaysia Scheduling|publisher=[[World Wrestling Entertainment]]|access-date=2013-02-02|archive-date=2010-02-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100228191959/http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Malaysia|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.astro.com.my/channels/schedule_details.asp|title=Astro Super Sport Programming Schedule|publisher=[[Astro (Malaysian satellite television)|Astro]]|access-date=2013-02-02|archive-date=2009-08-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090821022610/http://www.astro.com.my/channels/schedule_details.asp|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |[[Mexico]] |[[XHGC-TV|Canal 5]], [[TVC Deportes]] dan [[MVS Visión]] (52MX & MC) |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.esmas.com/canal5/|title=Canal 5 Website|publisher=[[XHGC-TV|Canal 5]]|access-date=2013-02-02|archive-date=2016-04-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160405093928/http://www2.esmas.com/canal5|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Mexico|title=WWE Mexico Scheduling|publisher=[[World Wrestling Entertainment]]|access-date=2013-02-02|archive-date=2010-02-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100209003431/http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Mexico|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |[[Selandia Baru]] |[[The Box (New Zealand TV channel)|The Box]] |<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/New%20Zealand|title=WWE New Zealand Scheduling|publisher=[[World Wrestling Entertainment]]|access-date=2013-02-02|archive-date=2010-05-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100527043213/http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/New%20Zealand|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.skytv.co.nz/Default.aspx?tabid=516|title=WWE on The Box Website|publisher=[[The Box (saluran televisi Selandia Baru)|The Box]]|access-date=2013-02-02}}{{Pranala mati|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> |- |[[Norway]] |[[TV 2 Zebra]] |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tv2.no/kanalene/zebra/raw-wrestling-2889029.html| title=RAW Wrestling - TV2 Zebra|publisher=[[TV 2 Zebra|TV2 Zebra]]|access-date=2013-02-02}}</ref> |- |[[Panama]] |[[RPC Canal 4]] |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Panama|title=WWE Panama Scheduling|publisher=[[World Wrestling Entertainment]]|access-date=2013-02-02|archive-date=2009-08-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090810100017/http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Panama|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rpctv.com/programacion/|title=RPC Canal 4 Television guide|publisher=[[World Wrestling Entertainment]]|access-date=2013-02-02|language=[[Spanish language|Spanish]]|archive-date=2009-07-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090707104158/http://www.rpctv.com/programacion/|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |[[Peru]] |[[ATV (Peruvian Network)|ATV]] |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Peru|title=WWE Peru Scheduling|publisher=[[World Wrestling Entertainment]]|access-date=2013-02-02|archive-date=2009-06-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090621180912/http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Peru|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.atv.com.pe/programacion/programacion_portada.asp|title=ATV Teleivision guide|publisher=[[ATV (Peruvian Network)|ATV]]|access-date=2013-02-02|archive-date=2009-08-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090822024153/http://www.atv.com.pe/programacion/programacion_portada.asp|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |[[Philippines]] |[[Jack TV]] and [[Solar TV]] |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jacktv.com.ph/index.php?p=post&id=89|title=WWE Raw|publisher=[[Jack TV]]|access-date= 2013-02-02}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Philippines|title=WWE Philippines Scheduling|publisher=[[World Wrestling Entertainment]]|access-date=2013-02-02|archive-date=2010-02-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100209042142/http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Philippines|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |[[Poland]] |[[Extreme Sports Channel]] |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Poland|title=WWE Poland Scheduling|publisher=[[World Wrestling Entertainment]]|access-date=2013-02-02|archive-date=2010-03-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100305070816/http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Poland|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.extremesportschannel.pl/OnTV.aspx|title=Extreme Sports Channel Television schedule|date=2013-02-02|publisher=[[Extreme Sports Channel]]|access-date=2013-02-02|archive-date=2009-12-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091207025638/http://www.extremesportschannel.pl/OnTv.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |[[Portugal]] |[[Sport TV]] |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Portugal|title=WWE Portugal Scheduling|publisher=[[World Wrestling Entertainment]]|access-date=2013-02-02|archive-date=2010-03-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100302143028/http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Portugal|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sporttv.pt/Modalidades/Wrestling.asp|title=Wrestling Listings on Sport TV's official website|publisher=[[Sport TV]]|access-date=2013-02-02|language=[[Portuguese language|Portuguese]]|archive-date=2009-08-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090819044415/http://www.sporttv.pt/Modalidades/Wrestling.asp|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |[[Romania]] |[[Sport.ro]] |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Romania|title=WWE Romania Scheduling|publisher=[[World Wrestling Entertainment]]|access-date=2013-02-02|archive-date=2009-06-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090613001123/http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Romania|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |[[Serbia]] |[[Fox televizija]] |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Serbia|title=WWE Serbia Scheduling|publisher=[[World Wrestling Entertainment]]|access-date=2013-02-02|archive-date=2010-10-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101007082852/http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Serbia|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.foxtv.rs/total-formati-ispis.php?subaction=showfull&id=1182500807&archive=&start_from=&ucat=1&|title=WWE Raw / WWE SmackDown - U.S. Wrestling|publisher=[[Fox televizija]]|access-date=2013-02-02|language=[[Serbian language|Serbian]]|archive-date=2009-06-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090614172859/http://www.foxtv.rs/total-formati-ispis.php?subaction=showfull&id=1182500807&archive=&start_from=&ucat=1&|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |[[South Africa]] |[[E.tv]] |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/South%20Africa|title=WWE South Africa Scheduling|publisher=[[World Wrestling Entertainment]]|access-date=2013-02-02|archive-date=2010-03-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100317143459/http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/South%20Africa|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.etv.co.za/extended/about/wwe_raw|title=About WWE Raw|publisher=[[E.tv]]|access-date=2013-02-02|archive-date=2010-04-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100413014606/http://www.etv.co.za/extended/about/wwe_raw|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |[[Spain]] |[[Cuatro (TV channel)|Cuatro]] |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Spain|title=WWE Spain Scheduling|publisher=[[World Wrestling Entertainment]]|access-date=2013-02-02|archive-date=2009-07-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090701133130/http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Spain|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cuatro.com/pressing-catch/pressing-catch-en-cuatro/pressing-catch-raw/|title=Pressing catch Raw|publisher=[[Cuatro (TV channel)|Cuatro]]|access-date=2013-02-02|language=[[Spanish language|Spanish]]|archive-date=2009-04-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090403131618/http://www.cuatro.com/pressing-catch/pressing-catch-en-cuatro/pressing-catch-raw|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |[[Ukraine]] |[[QTV (Ukraine)|QTV]] |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Ukraine|title=WWE's Ukraine Schedule|publisher=[[World Wrestling Entertainment]]|access-date=2013-02-02|archive-date=2010-03-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100301075930/http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/Ukraine|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |[[United Kingdom]] lan [[Republic of Ireland|Ireland]]<br />(Siaran) |[[Sky Sports|Sky Sports 3]] |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/United%20Kingdom|title=WWE United Kingdom Scheduling|publisher=[[World Wrestling Entertainment]]|access-date=2013-02-02|archive-date=2010-02-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100208151750/http://www.wwe.com/schedules/television/rw/country/United%20Kingdom|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.skysports.com/story/0,19528,14206,00.html|title=WWE Live on Sky|publisher=[[Sky Sports]]|access-date=2013-02-02| date=2013-02-02}}</ref> |} === Catethan Suku === {{Reflist}} === Pranala njaba === *[Web Kantor|http://www.wwe.com/shows/raw] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20200401023454/http://raw.usanetwork.com/ ''WWE Raw''didamel USANetwork.com] *{{tv.com show|wwe-monday-night-raw|WWE Raw}} [[Kategori:Gulat Gaya Bebas]] [[Kategori:Amérikah Sarékat]] [[Kategori:Hiburan]] 2cvgu2kyjqmtrmafi19l4z7js7ar2ld Naruto Uzumaki 0 96662 1759699 1729869 2026-11-02T18:12:30Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759699 wikitext text/x-wiki {{rapèkaké}} [[Gambar:Naruto.jpg|thumb|Naruto]] {{Infobox animanga character | character_name = Uzumaki Naruto | character_name_unicode = うずまきナルト | debut = ''Manga'', bab 1 <br /> ''Anime'', episode 1 | seiyu = [[Junko Takeuchi]] <br /> [[Ema Kogure]] (untuk ''Sexy no Jutsu'') <br/> [[Hanna Bahagiana]] (versi Bahasa Indonesia) | age = 12-13 (Sebelum [[Time Jump]]) <br /> 15 (Sesudah [[Time Jump]]) | position = [[protagonis]] | team = Tim 7 | eyes = [[Biru]] | hair = [[Pirang]] | height = 166 cm | weight = 58 kg | birthday = [[10 Oktober]] | village = {{Flag|Konohagakure}} (Désa Daun Tersembunyi) | blood_type = B | registration_number = 012607 | father = [[Minato Namikaze]] | mother = Kushina Uzumaki | bestfriend = [[Haruno Sakura]]{{br}} [[Uchiha Sasuke]]{{br}} [[Iruka Umino]] | teacher = [[Hatake Kakashi]] <br /> [[Jiraiya (Naruto)|Jiraiya]] <br /> Fukasaku | rank = Genin | jutsu = {{•}} Jurus Seksi (''Oiroke no Kutsu (Sexy no Kutsu)'')<br /> {{•}} Serangan Shuriken Maneka Arah (''Naruto Ninpocho, Shihou Hapou Shuriken no Maki'')<br /> {{•}} Derita Seribu Tahun (''Sennen Goroshi'')<br /> {{•}} Jurus Harem (''Harem no Jutsu'')<br /> {{•}} Uzumaki Naruto 2000 Kombo (''Uzumaki Naruto Nisen Rendan'')<br /> {{•}} Amukan Naruto Uzumaki (''Uzumaki Naruto Rendan'')<br /> {{•}} Kloning Bayangan (''Kage Bunshin no Jutsu'')<br /> {{•}} ''Rasengan'' (''Rasengan'')<br /> {{•}} Teknik Panggilan (''Kuchiyose No Jutsu''){{br}}{{•}} Elemen angin: Rasengan (''Fuuton:rasengan''){{br}} {{•}} Elemen angin: Rasenshuriken (''Fuuton:rasenshuriken'') }} '''Uzumaki Naruto''' inggih punika nama salah satunggaling [[tokoh fiksi]] saking sérial [[anime]] lan [[manga]] [[Naruto (manga)|''Naruto''.]] Piyambakipun minangka tokoh baku wonten serial punika. Piyambakipun dipungambaraken minangka bocah arikma pirang lan nétranipun biru. Wonten ing pipinipun wonten kados garis ingkang memper kumis gadahipun karakter [[Doraemon]] wonten ing manga ''[[Doraemon]]''. Piyambakipun asring katingal nganggé jaket lan clana dawa awarni jingga. Wonten ing bathukipun wonten iket awarni biru kanthi lambang désa panggènan piyambakipun lair.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://naruto.viz.com/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2013-01-31 |archive-date=2009-12-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091219143555/http://naruto.viz.com/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Miturut cariyosipun, Naruto inggih punika salah satunggal [[ninja]] saking désa Konoha ([[Konohagakure]]), satunggal fiktif ingkang sinengker ing antawisipun godong godongan ing alas. Wiwit alit piyambakipun dipuntilar kaliyan kakalih tiyang sepuhipun, saéngga piyambakipun boten naté ngraosaken pripun raosipun kasih saying tiyang sepuh marang putranipun. Kanthi panjurung saking kanca-kancanipun lan ugi dwijanipun, Naruto dados pemudha ingkang grapyak, optimis, lan kendel. [[Masashi Kishimoto]], pengarang serial [[manga]] punika, dipunsitir saking wawancara ingkang énggal saking ''[[Shonen Jump]]'' [[Amérika Sarékat|Amérika]], ngandharaken bilih pagesanganipun kados Naruto nalika piyambakipun seumuran kaliyan Naruto.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://komikid.com/Naruto |title=Archive copy |access-date=2013-01-31 |archive-date=2012-10-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121030122245/http://komikid.com/Naruto/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[10 Oktober]], dinten lairipun Naruto, inggih punika [[Hari Ulah raga dan Keséhatan (Jepang)|Hari Ulah raga dan Keséhatan]] ("Taiiku no hi") ing [[Jepang]] (papan anggènipun karakter punika dipundamel), dinten prei ingkang kebak kanthi aktivitas ulah raga lan fisik ingkang cocog kanggé anak ingkang hiperaktif. Nanging, dinten punika dipunpindah ing dinten Senin kaping kalih ing wulan Oktober ing taun 1999.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.naruto.com/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2013-01-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170313191140/http://www.naruto.com/ |archive-date=2017-03-13 |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Arti nama == Ukara ''naruto'' saged dipunartosaken "Badai Guntur", lan ''naruto'' ugi saged dipunartosaken potongan stik [[kamaboko]] kanthi wujud pusaran air ing tengah ingkang limrahipun wonten ing mi [[ramen]] (makanan favorit naruto). Tiyang [[Jepang]] limrahipun nyebut punika minangka cekakan saking iklan (@). Nama "Uzumaki" inggih punika "pusaran" utawi "spiral" prasaja (渦巻), kamangka "Uzumaki" punika artosipun pusaran utawi spiral tigang dhimènsi, kados pusaran banyu utawi pusat pusaran. Lambang désa Konoha dipungambaraken kanthi anak panah ingkang dipunsambungaken nganggé satunggal spiral, segel wonten ing padharanipun inggih punika spiral, simbol ing sisih wingkingipun jaket ingkang asring dipunagem inggih spiral, salah satunggal seranganipun ingkang nama Rasengan, ingkang artosipun "Putaran Spiral". "Uzumaki" ugi saged dipunmangertosi "pusaran banyu", ingkang ngrujuk dhateng Pusaran Banyu Naruto (鳴門の渦潮) ingkang wonten ing kutha [[Naruto, Tokushima|Naruto]].<ref>http://naruto.wikia.com/wiki/Naruto_Uzumaki</ref> == Cathetan suku == {{reflist|2}} {{Info Naruto}} [[Kategori:Anime]] 9qmec7ts8b9qx1a2k1n36ditp32pshy Miyuki Watanabe 0 99019 1759689 1751496 2026-11-02T16:51:43Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759689 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist | Name = Watanabe Miyuki | Img = Watanabe Miyuki 2012.jpg | Img_size = 180 | Img_capt = | Background = solo | Birth_name = Watanabe Miyuki | Alias = Milky/Mirukii | Born = {{birth date and age|1993|9|19}} | Died = | Origin = {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Nara]], [[Jepun]] | Genre = [[J-pop]] | Occupation = [[Penyanyi]] | Years_active = | Label = lough out loud! records<br />You! Be Cool/King Records | Associated_acts = [[NMB48]], [[AKB48]] | URL = }} {{Infobox musical artist | name = Miyuki Watanabe<br />渡辺 美優紀 | image_size = | background = solo_singer | image = | caption = | Alias = {{nihongo|Milky|みるきー}} | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1993|09|19}} | Origin = [[Prefektur Saitama]] | Genre = [[J-pop]] | Occupation = [[Penyanyi]] | Associated_acts = [[NMB48]], [[AKB48]] | Years_active = 9 Oktober 2010–sekarang | Label = }} {{Nihongo|'''Miyuki Watanabe'''|渡辺 美優紀|Watanabe Miyuki|{{lahirmati|[[Prefektur Nara]]|19|09|1993}}}} inggih punika anggota grup [[idola Jepang]] [[NMB48]] Tim N ngerangkep anggota sementara [[AKB48]] Tim B. piyambakipun wonten ing ngandap agensi artis Kyoraku Yoshimoto Holdings. == Karier == Piyambakipun ndhèrèk Audisi Anggota Pembukaan NMB48, lan dipuntampi ing 20 September 2010. piyambakipun mlebet ing antawisipun 26 tiyang ingkang dipuntampi saking 7.256 tiyang pelamar. Audisi dipundereaken sasampunipun pikantuk mangertos déning dwija kelas lan kanca-kanca sekelas. Ing masa kecilalit piyambakipun remen kaliyan idola namung ndhèrèk les jogèd ngantos 6 taun.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.oricon.co.jp/music/interview/2010/nmb1204/index.html |title=NMB48 Special Interview |author= |date=2010-12-04 |work= |publisher=Oricon Style |accessdate=2012-03-26}}</ref> Penampilan kawiwitan minangka anggota NMB48 ing ''AKB48 Tokyo Aki Matsuri'', 9 Oktober 2010. piyambakipun kalebet ing antawisipun 26 anggota NMB48 angkatan kawiwitan ingkang dipuntepangaken ing ngajeng 13.000 penonton konser AKB48.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://natalie.mu/music/news/38903 |title=NMB48第1期生26名、AKB48秋祭りでサプライズ披露 |author= |date=2010-10-09 |work= |publisher=Natalie |accessdate=2012-03-26 |archive-date=2014-03-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140316052429/http://natalie.mu/music/news/38903 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Piyambakipun kalebet salah satunggaling tiyang anggota pendiri NMB48 ingkang tampil pertama kalinya ing peresmian [[Teater NMB48]] ing [[Namba]], [[Osaka]]. Pertunjukan perdana déning 16 siswa angkatan kawiwitan NMB48 dipunsukani asma ''"Dareka no Tame ni"'', dipunwiwiti tanggal 1 Januari 2011.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.scramble-egg.com/artist/nmb48/01darekano01.htm |title=NMB48 1st Stage『誰かのために』公演スタート |author= |date= |work= |publisher=Natalie |accessdate=2012-03-26}}</ref> Ing tanggal 10 Maret 2011, namanipun kalebet ing salebeting 16 siswa saking 15 angkatan kawiwitan NMB48 ingkang dipunnaikaken statusipun minangka anggota NMB48 Tim N.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.oricon.co.jp/news/deview/85653/ |title=AKB48の妹ユニット・NMB48から選抜された16名で新チーム「team N」結成! |author= |date=2011-03-10 |work= |publisher=Oricon |accessdate=2012-03-26}}</ref> Bersama [[Sayaka Yamamoto]], piyamnbakipun punika anggota NMB48 ingkang kawiwiwtan dipunilih minangka anggota ''senbatsu'' kanggé singel AKB48 ke-21 , "[[Everyday, Katyusha]]". Ing wiwit dipunbentuk NMB48, piyambakipun sampun populer.<ref name=miruki /> Manawi dipunwontenaken acara bersalaman, kesempatan bersalaman kaliyan pasti laris langkung rumiyen.<ref name=miruki /> Manawi hadir ing acara bersalamannya, piyambakipun boten dipunderekaken minangka anggota ''senbatsu'' kanggé singel kekaping kalih "[[Oh My God!]]", lan namung menyanyi kanggé lagu sisih B. piyambakipun malih minangka anggota ''senbatsu'' kanggé singel ingkang kaping tiga, "[[Junjou U-19]]".<ref name=miruki>{{cite web |url=http://www.excite.co.jp/News/entertainment_g/20120117/Postseven_79897.html |title=NMB48 今年注目メンバーは選抜落ちから復活の渡辺美優紀 |author= |date=2012-01-17 |work= |publisher=Excite News |accessdate=2012-03-26 |archive-date=2016-03-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305071155/http://www.excite.co.jp/News/entertainment_g/20120117/Postseven_79897.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Diskografi== === Bersama NMB48 === * "[[Zetsumetsu Kurokami Shoujo]]" ** {{nihongo|"Mattemashita, Shingakki"|待ってました、新学期}} (kaliyan Akagumi) ** {{nihongo|"Mikazuki no Senaka"|三日月の背中}} * Dalam "[[Oh My God!]]" ** {{nihongo|"Boku wa Matteru"|僕は待ってる}} ** {{nihongo|"Hoshokushatachi yo"|捕食者たちよ}} (kaliyan Akagumi) * "[[Junjou U-19]]" ** {{nihongo|"Migi e Magare!"|右へ曲がれ!}} (kaliyan Shirogumi) ** {{nihongo|"Renai no Speed"|恋愛のスピード}} (kaliyan NMB Seven) * "[[Nagiichi]]" ** {{nihongo|"Boku ga Mou Sukoshi Daitan nara"|僕がもう少し大胆なら}} (kaliyan Akagumi) ** {{nihongo|"Hatsukoi no Yukue to Play Ball"|初恋の行方とプレイボール}} (kaliyan NMB Seven) ** {{nihongo|"Warukii"|わるきー}} lagu solo * "[[Virginity (lagu NMB48)|Virginity]]" ** {{nihongo|"Mousou Girlfriend"|妄想ガールフレンド}} ** {{nihongo|"Sonzai shitenai Mono"|存在してないもの}} (kaliyan Akagumi) * "[[Kitagawa Kenji]]" ** {{nihongo|"Renai Higai Todoke"|恋愛被害届け}} (kaiyan Akagumi) === Bersama AKB48 === * {{nihongo|"[[Everyday, Katyusha]]"|Everyday、カチューシャ}} * Ing "[[Flying Get]]" ** {{nihongo|"Yasai Uranai"|野菜占い}} kaliyan Yasai Sisters 2011 * Ing "[[Give Me Five!]]" ** "New Ship" bersama Special Girls A * {{nihongo|"[[Manatsu no Sounds Good!]]"|真夏のSounds good !}} * Dalam "[[Gingham Check]]" ** {{nihongo|"Nante Bohemian"|なんてボヘミアン}} kaliyan Under Girls * "[[UZA]]" ** {{nihongo|"Seigi no Mikata janai Hero"|正義の味方じゃないヒーロー}} kaliyan Tim B * Ing "[[Eien Pressure]]" ** "HA!" kaliyan NMB48 ** {{nihongo|"Watashitachi no Reason"|私たちのReason}} === Lagu unit pertunjukan teater === ; [[Team N 1st Stage "Dareka no Tame ni"]] # {{nihongo|"Nage Kiss de Uchi Otose!"|投げキッスで撃ち落せ!}} # {{nihongo|"Seifuku ga Jama o suru"|制服が邪魔をする}} ; [[Team N 2nd Stage "Seishun Girls"]] # {{nihongo|"Ame no Doubutsuen"|雨の動物園}} # {{nihongo|"Fushidara na Natsu"|ふしだらな夏}} == Penampilan == ===Acara varietas=== * ''[[Dokking 48]]'' (19 April–27 September 2011, 17 Januari 2012, [[Kansai Telecasting Corporation]]) * ''[[Naruhodo! High School]]'' (21 April 2011–8 Maret 2012, bintang tetap, [[Nippon Television]]) * ''[[AKB to Chome Chome!]]'' (21 April–15 Maret 2012, Nippon Television) * ''[[Naniwa Nadeshiko]]'' (12 Juli–28 Dhésèmber 2011, Nippon Television) === Radio === * ''MBS Utagumi Smile×Songs'' "NMB48 no Teppen Radio" (24 Oktober 2011– , [[MBS Radio]]) == Cathetan suku == {{Reflist}} == Pranala njaba == * {{ja}} [http://www.nmb48.com/member/watanabe_miyuki/ Profil resmi Miyuki Watanabe di NMB48] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150318035210/http://www.nmb48.com/member/watanabe_miyuki/ |date=2015-03-18 }} * {{ja}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20130310033128/http://www.akb48.co.jp/about/members/detail.php?name=Watanabe_Miyuki Profil resmi di situs AKB48] * {{ja}} [http://ameblo.jp/nmb48/theme-10030694115.html Blog resmi NMB48: Miyuki Watanabe] * {{Google+|109544372058574620997|page=posts}} {{AKB48| state=show | state1=show}} {{NMB48}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Watanabe, Miyuki}} [[Kategori:Anggota AKB48]] [[Kategori:NMB48]] [[Kategori:Idola Jepang]] [[Kategori:Penyanyi Jepang]] [[Kategori:Tokoh saka Préfèktur Nara]] [[Kategori:Lair 1993]] ke19h0wre40wk0tws6dr5d80707amcm Ètnografi 0 100021 1759814 1759003 2026-11-03T11:19:55Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759814 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Gambar:Izmir Ethnography Museum.jpg|thumb|220px|alt=text|A picture of the Izmir Ethnography Musiyum (İzmir Etnografya Müzesi).]] [[Gambar:Ethnography Museum Budapest architecture.jpg|thumb|220px|alt=text|Ethnography musiyum]] '''Etnografi''' ([[basa Yunani|Yunani]] ''{{polytonic|ἔθνος}}'' ''ethnos'' = rakyat , ''{{polytonic|γραφία}}'' ''graphia'' = tulisan, seratan) inggih punika strategi panelitian èlmiah ingkang sok diginakaken ing èlmu sosial, kaya ta [[antropologi]] sarta èlmu [[sosiologi]]<ref>[http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/ethnology "Ethnology" at ''dictionary.com''].</ref>, uga dikenal kondhang dadi péranganing èlmu sajarah ingkang nyinaoni babagab masarakat, kelompok ètnis lan formasi ètnis sanèsipun, [[etnogenesis]], komposisi, perpindahan papan tinggal, karakteristik kesejahteraan sosial, uga budaya material kaliyan spiritual<ref>{{cite book |last= Сергей Александрович |first= Токарев |title= Истоки этнографической науки |publisher= Наука |year= 1978 |url= http://historia-site.narod.ru/library/ethnology/tokarev_main.htm |isbn= |language= Russian |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20030519225912/http://historia-site.narod.ru/library/ethnology/tokarev_main.htm |archivedate= 2003-05-19 |access-date= 2013-04-24 |url-status= dead }}</ref> Etnografi kèrép diterapaké kanggo ngumpulna data empiris kang temané masarakat lan budaya manungsa. Pangumpulan data racaké di jupuk saka pangamatan ''partisipan'', wawancara, kuesioner, dll. Ilmu iki duwé tujuan kanggo njelasake kaanan masarakat ingkang disinau (kaya ta kanggo njelasake sawijining manungsa, sijining ''ethnos'') sangka karya tulisan.<ref>Maynard, M. & Purvis, J. (1994). Researching women's loves from a feminist perspective. London: Taylor & Frances. p. 76</ref> ing ngèlmu biologi, jinis studi iki diarani "studi lapangan" utawa "laporan kasus", kerone minangka sinonim umum kanggo "étnografi".<ref>Boaz. N.T. & Wolfe, L.D. (1997). Biological anthropology. Published by International Institute for Human Evolutionary Research. Page 150.</ref> == Etnograf kondhang == * [[Franz Boas]] * [[Raymond Firth]] * [[Bronislaw Malinowski]] * [[Claude Lévi-Strauss]] * [[Nicholas Miklouho-Maclay]] * [[Mary Douglas]] * [[Gregory Bateson]] * [[Zalpa Bersanova]] * [[Napoleon Chagnon]] * [[Diamond Jenness]] * [[Ruth Landes]] * [[Edmund Leach]] * [[José Leite de Vasconcelos]] * [[David Maybury-Lewis]] * [[Margaret Mead]] * [[Nikolai Nadezhdin]] * [[Lubor Niederle]] * [[Dositej Obradovic]] * [[Alexey Okladnikov]] * [[Sergey Oldenburg]] * [[Richard Price (sejarawan Amérika Sarékat)|Richard Price]] * [[Edward Sapir]] * [[August Ludwig von Schlözer]] * [[Evander Sno]] * [[Marilyn Strathern]] * [[Ronald Takaki]] * [[Lila Abu-Lughod]] * [[Sudhir Venkatesh]] * [[Ian Collins]] * [[Leni Riefenstahl]] * [[Paul Willis]] == Ugi pirsani == * [[Studi babagan]] * [[Etnografi kritis]] * [[Etnografi komunikasi]] * [[Etnografi realis]] * [[Etnografi daring]] * [[Observasi partisipan]] * [[Etnografi video]] * [[Laboratorium hidup]] == Cathetan suku == {{Reflist}} * Agar, Michael (1996) ''The Professional Stranger: An Informal Introduction to Ethnography''. Academic Press. * Douglas, Mary and Baron Isherwood (1996) ''The World of Goods: Toward and Anthropology of Consumption''. Routledge, London. * Erickson, Ken C. and Donald D. Stull (1997) ''Doing Team Ethnography: Warnings and Advice''. Sage, Beverly Hills. * Fine, G. A. (1993). Ten lies of ethnography. Journal of Contemporary Ethnography, 22(3), p.&nbsp;267-294. * Hymes, Dell. (1974). ''Foundations in sociolinguistics: An ethnographic approach''. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. * Kottak, Conrad Phillip (2005) ''Window on Humanity: A Concise Introduction to General Anthropology'', (pages 2–3, 16-17, 34-44). McGraw Hill, New York. * Miller, Daniel (1987) ''Material Culture and Mass Consumption''. Blackwell, London. * Spradley, James P. (1979) ''The Ethnographic Interview''. Wadsworth Group/Thomson Learning. * Salvador, Tony; Genevieve Bell; and Ken Anderson (1999) ''Design Ethnography.'' Design Management Journal. == Bahan pustaka == * "On Ethnography" by Shirley Brice Heath & Brian Street, with Molly Mills. * ''The Interpretation of Cultures'' by Clifford Geertz. == Pranala njawi == {{Commons category}} * [http://www-rcf.usc.edu/~genzuk/Ethnographic_Research.html Genzuk, Michael (2003) A Synthesis of Ethnographic Research] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070213022235/http://www-rcf.usc.edu/~genzuk/Ethnographic_Research.html |date=2007-02-13 }} * [http://anthro.amnh.org/anthro.html Division of Anthropology, American Museum of Natural History] - Over 160,000 objects from Pacific, North American, African, Asian ethnographic collections with images and detailed description, linked to the original catalogue pages, field notebooks, and photographs are available online. * [http://www.karalahana.com/fotograflar/thumbnails.php?album=9 Ethnographic material collection from Northern Anatolia and Caucasus -Photo Gallery] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101123170540/http://www.karalahana.com/fotograflar/thumbnails.php?album=9 |date=2010-11-23 }} * [http://www.ethnography.com Ethnography.com] A community based Ethnography website for academic and professional ethnographers and interested parties * [http://collections.tepapa.govt.nz/ New Zealand Museum] Images of objects from Pacific cultures. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090420125531/http://www.sas.upenn.edu/anthro/anthro/whatisethnography University of Pennsylvania's "What is Ethnography?"] Penn's Public Interest Anthropology Web Site * [http://www.americanethnography.com/ethnography.php American Ethnography -- Definitions: What is Ethnography?] A collection of quotes about ethnography (Malinowski, Lévi-Strauss, Geertz,...) * [http://www.qmrg.org.uk/files/2008/12/58-doing-ethnographies.pdf Doing ethnographies] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110916160033/http://www.qmrg.org.uk/files/2008/12/58-doing-ethnographies.pdf |date=2011-09-16 }} (Concepts and Techniques in Modern Geography) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110221053452/http://dlxs2.library.cornell.edu/s/sea/index.php Cornell University Library Southeast Asia Visions] * [http://www.spri.cam.ac.uk/muséum/catalogue/armc/ Scott Polar Research Institute]{{Pranala mati|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Arctic Material Culture Collection * {{Wikisource-inline|list= ** {{Cite NIE|Ethnography|year=1905|noicon=x}} ** {{Cite EB1911|Ethnology and ethnography|noicon=x}} ** {{Cite Americana|Ethnography|noicon=x}} ** {{Cite Collier's|Ethnography|noicon=x}} }} [[Kategori:Etnografi| ]] [[Kategori:Antropologi]] [[Kategori:Métodhe evaluasi]] [[Kategori:Sosiologi]] c7bf6wz2228qjcqwwvic12dor8lx0f3 Pratélan antariksawan Muslim 0 101637 1759731 1664467 2026-11-02T23:10:50Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759731 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:سلطان بن سلمان.jpg|thumb|[[Sultan bin Salman Al Saud]], Wong Arab Saudi, Wong Arab, Wong Muslim lan wong ningrat kapisan ing antariksa.]] Ing ngisor iki kapacak para antariksawan Muslim sing wis tau lunga menyang njaba akasa. ==Pratélan para antariksawan Muslim== {| class="wikitable" |- ! Negara ! Jeneng ! Misi (Tanggal paluncuran) ! Komentar |- |{{flag|Saudi Arabia}} | [[Sultan bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud|Sultan Salman Al Saud]]<ref>[http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/198601/a.prince.in.space.htm A prince in space] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120507181735/http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/198601/a.prince.in.space.htm |date=2012-05-07 }} at [http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com Saudi Aramco World] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202223849/http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/ |date=2013-12-02 }}, January/February 1986, p20-29</ref> | [[STS-51-G]] (17 Juni 1985) | Wong Arab Saudi, Wong Arab, wong Muslim lan wong ningrat kapisan ing antariksa |- |[[Image:Flag of the United Arab Republic.svg|23px]] [[Suriah]] | [[Muhammed Faris]]<ref name="IslamOnline">{{cite web|url=http://www.islamonline.net/servlet/Satellite?c=Article_C&cid=1173695089516&pagename=IslamOnline-Mobile%2FWapLayout&zone=HSE|title=Eight Muslims in Space and Counting |last=El-Maghraby|first=Tamer|date=19 March 2007|work=IslamOnline.net|accessdate=26 March 2010}}</ref> | [[Mir EP-1]] (22 Juli 1987) | Wong Suriah kapisan ing antariksa |- |[[Image:Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg|23px]] [[Uni Sovyèt]] | [[Musa Manarov]]<ref name=BT>{{cite web|url=http://www.bt.com.bn/files/digital/Islamia/Issue108/BT23Jul.8.pdf|title=Nine Muslims in space|publisher=The Brunei Times|date=23 July 2010|access-date=26 October 2013|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304102503/http://www.bt.com.bn/files/digital/Islamia/Issue108/BT23Jul.8.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> | [[Mir EO-3]] (21 Dhésèmber 1987) <br> [[Soyuz TM-11]] (2 Dhésèmber 1990) | Gunggungé ana ing antariksa nganti 541 dina |- |{{flag|Afghanistan}} | [[Abdul Ahad Mohmand]]<ref name="IslamOnline"/> | [[Mir EP-3]] (29 Agustus 1988) | Wong Afghan kapisan ing antariksa |- |[[Image:Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg|23px]] [[Uni Sovyèt]] | [[Toktar Aubakirov]]<ref name="IslamOnline"/> | [[Soyuz TM-13]] (2 Oktober 1991) | Wong Kazakhstan kapisan ing antariksa |- |[[Image:Flag_of_Russia.svg|23px]] [[Ruslan]] / {{flag|Kazakhstan}} | [[Talgat Musabayev]]<ref name="IslamOnline"/> | [[Soyuz TM-19]] (4 November 1994) <br> [[Soyuz TM-27]] (25 Agustus 1998) <br> [[Soyuz TM-32]] (6 Mèi 2001) |Gunggungé ana ing antariksa 341 dina |- |[[Image:Flag_of_Russia.svg|23px]] [[Ruslan]] / |[[Image:Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg|23px]] [[Kirgizstan]] | [[Salizhan Sharipov]]<ref name="IslamOnline"/> | [[STS-89]] (20 Januari 1998) <br> [[Expedition 10]] (14 Oktober 2004) |Gunggungé ana ing antariksa 201 dina |- |[[Image:Flag_of_United_States.svg|23px]] [[Amérikah Sarékat]] / {{flag|Iran}} | [[Anousheh Ansari]]<ref name=BT/> | [[Soyuz TMA-9]] (18 September 2006) | Wong Iran wadon kapisan ing antariksa. Dhèwèké ya wisatawan antariksa wadon kapisan lan Muslimah kapisan. |- |{{flag|Malaysia}} | [[Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor]]<ref name="IslamOnline"/> | [[Soyuz TMA-11]] (October 10, 2007) |Wong Malaysia kapisan ing antariksa |} ==Kiblat nalika sembahyang ing antariksa== Dines antariksa [[Malaysia]], ''Angkasa'', nganakaké konferènsi 150 ngèlmuwan Muslim ing taun 2006 kanggo mbahas prakara kéblat sembahyang ing antariksa. Konferènsi iki bisa ngasilaké makalah ing taun 2007 sing ajudul ''A Guideline of Performing [[Ibadah]] (worship) at the [[International Space Station]]'' (ISS) lan diabsahaké déning Majelis Ulama Malaysia.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.wired.com/science/space/news/2007/09/mecca_in_orbit |title="A Muslim Astronaut’s Dilemma—How to Face Mecca From Space" by Patrick Di Justo ''Wired'' 26 Sep 2007: |access-date=26 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131031054708/http://www.wired.com/science/space/news/2007/09/mecca_in_orbit |archive-date=31 October 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Uga delengen == * [[Pratélan antariksawan]] ==Réferènsi== {{reflist}} [[Kategori:Antariksawan]] mtd9oiiz0onxfr1gdpo0nrg6r5j0x2e O Estado de S. Paulo 0 107656 1759702 1647058 2026-11-02T19:13:56Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759702 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Newspaper | name = O Estado de S. Paulo | image = | type = [[Koran]] harian | image = [[Gambar:O Estado de S. Paulo Logo.svg|225px]] | format = [[Lembar lebar]] | foundation = 4 Januari 1875 | owners = [[Grupo Estado]] | circulation = 236,369 (2010)<ref>[http://economia.ig.com.br/empresas/comercioservicos/em+ano+de+pib+recorde+circulacao+de+jornais+cresce+15+em+2010/n1237971626214.html Economia Empresas: "Folha de S.Paulo" perdeu no ano passado liderança para jornal popular "Super Notícias"] Diakses pada 11 Dhésèmber 2014 {{pt icon}}</ref> | political = [[Liberalisme|Liberalisme ékonomi]], [[Liberalisme klasikal]] | headquarters = Av. Eng. Caetano Álvares, 55<br />[[São Paulo]], [[Brasil]] | editor = Roberto Gazzi | website = [http://www.estadao.com.br www.estadao.com.br] }} '''''O Estado de S. Paulo''''' ({{IPA-pt|u isˈtadu dʒi sɐ̃w̃ ˈpawlu}}, ''Negara Pérangan São Paulo'') ya iku ariwarti kanthi [[basa Portugis]] kang diterbitake ing [[tlatah metropolitan São Paulo]], [[Brasil]], Diadegake ing 4 Januari 1875 lan diduweni [[Grupo Estado]], perusahaan induk kang nerbitake [[Jornal da Tarde]] lan duwé radio [[Rádio Eldorado (São Paulo)|Rádio Eldorado]] AM lan FM lan [[Agência Estado]], kantor pawarto gedhé dhéwé ing Brasil. ''O Estado de S. Paulo'' duwé sirkulasi gedhé dhéwé kapindho ing [[São Paulo]], mung ing mburi ''[[Folha de São Paulo]]'', lan sirkulasi gedhé dhéwé kaping lima ing Brasil. ==Réferènsi== {{reflist}} == Pranala njaba == *{{pt icon}} [http://www.estadao.com.br/ Situs web resmi ''O Estado de S. Paulo''] *{{pt icon}} [http://site.estadao.com.br/historico/cronologia/crono1.htm# Kronologi dan ringkasan historis koran] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070723155423/http://site.estadao.com.br/historico/cronologia/crono1.htm |date=2007-07-23 }} *{{pt icon}} [http://acervo.estadao.com.br/ O Acervo Estadão (arsip digital 1875-sekarang)] *{{pt icon}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20120614051918/http://www.ae.com.br/institucional/ Agência Estado] *{{pt icon}} [http://www.estadao.com.br/ext/codigoetica/codigo_de_etica_miolo.pdf Kode etik] [[Kategori:Surat kabar Brasil]] [[Kategori:Surat kabar berbasa Portugis]] [[Kategori:Grupo Estado]] [[Kategori:Media di São Paulo]] [[Kategori:Pendirian taun 1875 di Brasil]] [[Kategori:Publikasi yang didirikan taun 1875]] {{Koran-Brasil-stub}} 2zc4w7ty79cp6kt6g9sgb5tgv9fvqpf Lelayu ing Januari 2015 0 128202 1759669 1758848 2026-11-02T13:40:45Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759669 wikitext text/x-wiki <!-- {{Deaths in month TOC}} --> __NOTOC__ Artikel iki pratélan pati ing [[2015#Pati|Januari 2015]]: == Januari 2015 == === 1 === *[[Barbara Atkinson]], 88, aktris Britania (''[[Z-Cars]]'').<ref>[http://www.thestage.co.uk/people/obituaries/2015/01/obituary-barbara-atkinson/ Obituary: Barbara Atkinson ]</ref> *[[Staryl C. Austin]], 94, Brigjen Angkatan Udara AS.<ref>[http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/statesmanjournal/obituary.aspx?n=staryl-austin&pid=173738500&fhid=7982 Staryl Austin Obituary]</ref> *[[Ulrich Beck]], 70, ahli sosiologi Jerman, serangan jantung.<ref>[http://www.theguardian.com/education/2015/jan/06/ulrich-beck Ulrich Beck obituary]</ref> *[[Fiona Cumming]], 77, sutradara tv Britania (''[[Doctor Who]]'').<ref>[http://www.doctorwhonews.net/2015/01/fiona-cumming-1937-2015.html Fiona Cumming 1937-2015]</ref> *[[Eric Cunningham]], 65, pulitikus Kanadha (1975–1984).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.thespec.com/news-story/5239289-former-hamilton-mpp-eric-cunningham-dies-in-his-sleep-at-65/ |title=Former Hamilton MPP Eric Cunningham dies in his sleep at 65 |access-date=2015-10-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150721071407/http://www.thespec.com/news-story/5239289-former-hamilton-mpp-eric-cunningham-dies-in-his-sleep-at-65/ |archive-date=2015-07-21 |url-status=dead}}</ref> *[[Mario Cuomo]], 82, pulitikus AS, Gubernur of New York (1983–1994), gagal jantung.<ref>[http://edition.cnn.com/2015/01/01/us/mario-cuomo-dies-new-york-governor/ Mario Cuomo, former New York governor, dies at 82]</ref> *[[Donna Douglas]], 82, aktris AS (''[[The Beverly Hillbillies]], [[Frankie and Johnny (filem 1966)|Frankie and Johnny]], [[The Twilight Zone (1959 TV series)|The Twilight Zone]]''), kanker pankréas.<ref>[http://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/03/arts/television/donna-douglas-the-fairest-beverly-hillbilly-dies-at-82.html Donna Douglas, the Fairest ‘Beverly Hillbilly,’ Dies at 82]</ref> *[[Matthew Franjola]], 72, wartawan AS ([[Associated Press]]) lan juru foto.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://asiancorrespondent.com/129513/vietnam-war-reporter-matthew-franjola-dies/ |title=Vietnam War reporter Matthew Franjola dies aged 72 |access-date=2015-10-31 |archive-date=2015-01-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150115060017/http://asiancorrespondent.com/129513/vietnam-war-reporter-matthew-franjola-dies/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Jeff Golub]], 59, juru main gitar AS.<ref>[http://jazztimes.com/articles/151334-guitarist-jeff-golub-dies-at-59 Guitarist Jeff Golub Dies at 59]</ref> *[[Omar Karami]], 80, pulitikus Libanon lan manten Nayakotama (1990–1992, 2004–2005).<ref>[http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Lebanon-News/2015/Jan-01/282778-former-prime-minister-omar-karami-dies-at-age-of-80.ashx Former Prime Minister Omar Karami dies at age of 80]</ref> *[[Bill Keating (American football)|Bill Keating]], 70, juru main bal-balan Amérika ([[Denver Broncos]], [[Miami Dolphins]]) lan ahli kukum.<ref>[http://www.denverpost.com/news/ci_27243695/prominent-attorney-keating-dies-at-70 Prominent Colorado attorney and former Bronco Bill Keating dies at 70]</ref> *[[Tore Helge Larsen]], 69, ulah ragawan Nurwègen.<ref>[https://www.rikstoto.no/Nyheter-og-tips/2015/Januar/01/Tore-Helge-Larsen-dod/ Tore Helge Larsen er død] {{no icon}}</ref> *[[Géry Leuliet]], 104, biskop Prancis (1963–1985).<ref>[http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bleuliet.html Bishop Géry-Jacques-Charles Leuliet]</ref> *[[Boris Morukov]], 64, kosmonaut lan fisikawan Ruslan, [[STS-106]].<ref>[http://www.collectspace.com/news/news-010115a-obituary-boris-morukov-cosmonaut.html Russian cosmonaut Boris Morukov, space station visitor and Mars sim leader, dies]</ref> *[[Kjell Noreik]], 85, fisikawan Nurwègen.<ref>[http://www.aftenposten.no/dodsfall/Nekrolog-Kjell-Noreik-7862903.html Nekrolog Kjell Noreik] {{no icon}}</ref> <!--P-->*[[Mrunalini Devi Puar]], 83, tokoh pawiyatan India.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://netindian.in/news/2015/01/02/00032074/mrunalini-devi-puar-chancellor-m-s-university-baroda-passes-away |title=Mrunalini Devi Puar, Chancellor of M S University of Baroda, passes away |access-date=2015-10-31 |archive-date=2016-03-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160313115633/http://netindian.in/news/2015/01/02/00032074/mrunalini-devi-puar-chancellor-m-s-university-baroda-passes-away |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Ninón Sevilla]], 93, aktris Mèksiko kalairan Kuba (''[[Aventurera]]''), serangan jantung.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/in-english/2015/mexico-cuba-ninon-sevilla-death-99543.html |title=Ninón Sevilla dies of a heart attack |access-date=2015-10-31 |archive-date=2015-01-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150102020753/http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/in-english/2015/mexico-cuba-ninon-sevilla-death-99543.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[William Lloyd Standish]], 84, hakim AS (1987–2002).<ref>[http://triblive.com/news/allegheny/7482955-74/standish-judge-county#axzz3NdmiH16D Attorney, Allegheny County, U.S. judge dies at 84, was mentor to many]</ref> *[[Manasa Vaniqi]], 62, pegawé nagara dhuwur Fiji.<ref>[http://fijivillage.com/news/Manasa-Vaniqi-passes-away-k529rs/ Manasa Vaniqi passes away]</ref> *[[Miller Williams]], 84, pujangga Amérikah Sarékat, lelara Alzheimer.<ref>[http://www.nwaonline.com/news/2015/jan/02/poet-miller-williams-84-dies-20150102/ Poet Miller Williams, 84, dies]</ref> === 2 === *[[Per-Olof Åstrand]], 92, fisiologis Swèdhen.<ref>[http://exxentric.com/per-olof-astrand-remembered/ Per-Olof Åstrand Remembered: My First Inspiration for Applied Sport Science]</ref> *[[James A. Barlow]], 91, pulitikus AS, anggota ''Wyoming House of Representatives'' (1983–1987).<ref>[http://www.meaningfulfunerals.net/fh/print.cfm?type=obituary&o_id=2890268&fh_id=13508 James A. Barlow]</ref> *[[Charles Baur]], 85, pulitikus Prancis, ketua déwan régional [[Picardy]] (1976–1978, 1985–2004).<ref>[http://www.courrier-picard.fr/region/charles-baur-decede-a-85-ans-ia0b0n495655 Charles Baur décède à 85 ans] {{fr icon}}</ref> *[[Noel Cobb]], 76, filsuf Britania.<ref>[http://www.dagbladet.no/2015/01/05/kultur/bok/litteratur/noel_cobb/37008876/ Poeten Noel Cobb er død] {{no icon}}</ref> *[[Little Jimmy Dickens]], 94, penyanyi AS ("[[May the Bird of Paradise Fly Up Your Nose]]"), gagal jantung.<ref>[http://www.usatoday.com/story/life/music/2015/01/02/little-jimmy-dickens-dies/20994825/ Country great "Little" Jimmy Dickens dies at 94]</ref> *[[Baldina Di Vittorio]], 94, pulitikus Italia.<ref>[http://27esimaora.corriere.it/articolo/e-morta-baldina-di-vittoriodopo-la-liberazionesi-occupo-dei-diritti-delle-donne/ È morta Baldina Di Vittorio Dopo la Liberazione si occupò dei diritti delle donne] {{it icon}}</ref> *[[Danny Dunton]], 90, pambalap Britania.<ref>[http://www.speedwaygb.co/news.php?extend.28128 Danny Dunton]</ref> *[[Maurice Fontaine]], 95, pulitikus Prancis.<ref>[http://www.objectifgard.com/2015/01/03/aigues-mortes-deces-lancien-senateur-maire-maurice-fontaine/ AIGUES-MORTES Décès de l’ancien sénateur-maire Maurice Fontaine] {{fr icon}}</ref> *[[Bob Gilmore]], 53, juru main musik Britania.<ref>[http://www.artsjournal.com/postclassic/2015/01/bob-gilmore-1961-2015.html Bob Gilmore (1961-2015)]</ref> *[[Vasant Gowarikar]], 81, ngèlmuwan India.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.jagranjosh.com/current-affairs/former-isro-chairman-v-r-gowarikar-died-in-pune-1420278745-1 |title=Former ISRO Chairman V R Gowarikar died in Pune |access-date=2015-10-31 |archive-date=2015-01-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150105185521/http://www.jagranjosh.com/current-affairs/former-isro-chairman-v-r-gowarikar-died-in-pune-1420278745-1 |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Basil Hansen]], 88, ulah ragawan Australia, juru main hoki ès.<ref>[http://www.iihf.com/home-of-hockey/news/news-singleview/?tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=9327&cHash=6139b973a891b6404cf7d739a7b18329 Hansen passes away]</ref> *[[Lloyd Lynn House]], 83, pulitikus AS, anggota [[Arizona House of Representatives]] (1967–1968).<ref>[http://www.azcentral.com/story/news/arizona/politics/2015/01/06/arizonas-first-native-american-lawmaker-dies/21364087/ Arizona's first Native American lawmaker dies]</ref> *[[Roger Kitter]], 64, aktor Britania (''[['Allo 'Allo!]]'').<ref>[http://www.chortle.co.uk/news/2015/01/05/21581/allo_allo_star_roger_kitter_dies Allo Allo star Roger Kitter dies]</ref> *<!--L-->[[Lam Pou-chuen]], 63, seniman ''dubbing'' Hong Kong (''[[Doraemon]]''), diabetes.<ref>[http://www.thestandard.com.hk/breaking_news_detail.asp?id=55783&icid=3&d_str=20150102 Dubbing artist dies at age 63]</ref> <!--L-->*[[Abu Anas al-Libi]], 50, anggota [[al-Qaeda]] saka Libya lan ditahan ing AS, kanker lèver (ati).<ref>[http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/al-qaeda-terrorist-suspect-dies-days-before-his-trial-in-new-york/2015/01/02/7a5a0b7c-9302-11e4-ba53-a477d66580ed_story.html Al-Qaeda terrorist suspect dies days before his trial in New York]</ref> *[[John McQuilten]], 65, pulitikus Australia] (1999–2006).<ref>[http://www.thecourier.com.au/story/2796201/former-politician-john-mcquilten-dies/ Former politician John McQuilten dies]</ref> *[[Derek Minter]], 82, ulah ragawan lan pambalap British Grand Prix.<ref>[http://www.oliepeil.nl/nieuws/5766-sonntagsgeschiednis-met-huub-ode-aan-derek-minter.html Sonntagsgeschiednis met Huub - Ode aan Derek Minter] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150105024629/http://www.oliepeil.nl/nieuws/5766-sonntagsgeschiednis-met-huub-ode-aan-derek-minter.html |date=2015-01-05 }} {{nl icon}}</ref> *[[Arthur Neu]], 81, pulitikus AS, [[Lieutenant Governor of Iowa]] (1973–1979), member of the [[Iowa Senate]] (1967–1973).<ref>[http://www.kcci.com/news/former-lt-governor-art-neu-dies/30499638 Former Lt. Governor Art Neu dies]</ref> *[[Tihomir Novakov]], 85, fisikawan AS kalairan Serbia.<ref>[http://eetd.lbl.gov/news/article/59381/tihomir-novakov-1929-2015 Tihomir Novakov, 1929-2015]</ref> *[[István Pásztor (ulah ragawan)|István Pásztor]], 89, ulah ragawan Honggari.<ref>[http://mksz.sport.hu/mksz-informaciok/mksz-hirek-kozlemenyek/707-elhunyt-pasztor-istvan-1926-2015 Elhunyt Pásztor István (1926-2015)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150105222923/http://mksz.sport.hu/mksz-informaciok/mksz-hirek-kozlemenyek/707-elhunyt-pasztor-istvan-1926-2015 |date=2015-01-05 }} {{hu icon}}</ref> *[[Arpád Račko]], 84, seniman patung Slowak.<ref>[http://www.topky.sk/cl/10/1448053/Navzdy-nas-opustil-Arpad-Racko84Vyznamny-kosicky-sochar--autor-slavneho-Maratonca-mieru Navždy nás opustil Arpád Račko (†84) Významný košický sochár, autor slávneho Maratónca mieru] {{sk icon}}</ref> *[[Vincent Cartledge Reddish]], 86, ahli astronomi Sekotlan, [[Astronomer Royal for Scotland]] (1975–1980).<ref>[http://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-prof-vincent-reddish-obe-1-3662879?WT.mc_id=Outbrain_text&obref Obituary Prof Vincent Reddish OBE]</ref> *[[Kristian Sundtoft]], 77, pulitikus Nurwègen.<ref>[https://www.stortinget.no/no/Representanter-og-komiteer/Representantene/Representantfordeling/Representant/?perid=KRS&tab=Biography Sundtoft, Kristian ( 1937-2015 )] {{no icon}}</ref> === 3 === *[[Jamal Uddin Ahmad]], 85, pulitikus Bangladèsh, Wakil Nayakotama (1977–1982).<ref>[http://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2015/01/04/former-deputy-prime-minister-jamal-uddin-ahmad-dies Former deputy prime minister Jamal Uddin Ahmad dies]</ref> *[[Daniel Albright]], 69, tokoh akadèmis AS.<ref>[http://www.thecrimson.com/article/2015/1/10/daniel-albright-obituary/ Albright Remembered as Whimsical English and Music Teacher]</ref> *[[Martin Anderson (ahli ékonomi)|Martin Anderson]], 78, ahli ékonomi Amérika lan panaséhat pulitik.<ref>[http://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/06/business/martin-anderson-adviser-to-ronald-reagan-dies-at-78.html?_r=0 Martin Anderson, White House Adviser to Reagan, Dies at 78]</ref> *[[Adunni Bankole]], 55, pangusaha wanita Nigéria.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/society-lady-adunni-bankole-is-dead/198329/ |title=Society Lady, Adunni Bankole, is Dead |access-date=2015-11-02 |archive-date=2015-01-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150119000525/http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/society-lady-adunni-bankole-is-dead/198329/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Edward Brooke]], 95, pulitikus kulit ireng AS, anggota [[United States Senate|U.S. Senate]] saka [[Massachusetts]] (1967–1979).<ref>[http://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/edward-w-brooke-first-african-american-elected-to-the-us-senate-dies-at-95/2015/01/03/cdabb80a-938b-11e4-ba53-a477d66580ed_story.html Edward W. Brooke, first African American popularly elected to U.S. Senate, dies at 95]</ref> *[[Bryan Caldwell]], 54, juru main bal-balan Amérika ([[Tennessee Titans|Houston Oilers]]), Hodgkin's lymphoma.<ref>[http://www.azcentral.com/story/sports/college/asu/2015/01/03/asu-football-bryan-caldwell/21242607/ Former ASU defensive lineman Bryan Caldwell dies at 54]</ref> *[[Paulinus Costa]], 78, rohaniawan Katulik Roma Bangladèsh, Biskop Agung [[Dhaka]] (2005–2011), serangan jantung.<ref>[http://en.radiovaticana.va/news/2015/01/05/retired_dhaka_archbishop_paulinus_costa_passes_away/1117026 Retired Dhaka Archbishop Paulinus Costa passes away]</ref> *[[Maher Hathout]], 79, pamimpin Kaum Muslim AS katurunan Mesir, kanker.<ref>[http://www.latimes.com/local/obituaries/la-me-maher-hathout-20150104-story.html Dr. Maher Hathout, Muslim advocate for interfaith peace, dies at 79]</ref> *[[Bill Jessup]], 85, juru main bal-balan gagrag Amérika ([[San Francisco 49ers]]).<ref>[http://www.presstelegram.com/obituaries/20150117/bill-jessup-long-beach-football-great-and-nfl-player-dies-at-85 Bill Jessup, Long Beach football great and NFL player, dies at 85]</ref> *[[Rueben Philip Job]], 86, rohaniawan Métodis Manunggal Amérika (''American United Methodist''), Biskop Iowa, ''Episcopal Area'' (1984–1992).<ref>[http://www.emk.de/meldungen-2015/bischof-rueben-p-job-gestorben.html Bischof Rueben P. Job gestorben] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150113022249/http://www.emk.de/meldungen-2015/bischof-rueben-p-job-gestorben.html |date=2015-01-13 }} {{de icon}}</ref> *[[Muath al-Kasasbeh]], 26, juru anggegana Yordania lan sanderawan [[ISIS]], kaobong urip-urip.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2015/feb/3/jordan-juru |title=anggegana-burned-alive-isis-video/ Jordan juru anggegana burned alive in ISIS video |access-date=2016-03-21 |archive-date=2020-09-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200925070015/https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2015/feb/3/jordan-juru/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Olga Knyazeva]], 60, juru main anggar Ruslan, jawara Olimpiade 1976.<ref>[http://www.tatar-inform.ru/news/2015/01/03/436930/ Ушла из жизни лучшая рапиристка мира-1975 Ольга Князева] {{ru icon}}</ref> *[[Kurt Kuch]], 42, jurnalis Ostenrik, kanker paru-paru.<ref>[http://www.profil.at/articles/1501/983/378792/news-journalist-kurt-kuch-lungenkrebs "News"-Journalist Kurt Kuch an Lungenkrebs gestorben] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150103205642/http://www.profil.at/articles/1501/983/378792/news-journalist-kurt-kuch-lungenkrebs |date=2015-01-03 }} {{de icon}}</ref> *[[Bernice Madigan]], 115, [[supercentenarian]] AS, wong kaping lima tuwa dhéwé sadonya.<ref>[http://www.iberkshires.com/story/48218/Bernice-Madigan-State-s-Oldest-Citizen-Dies-at-115.html Bernice Madigan, State's Oldest Citizen, Dies at 115]</ref> *[[Willy Ovesen]], 90, pagawé nagari Nurwègen.<ref>[http://www.aftenposten.no/dodsfall/Nekrolog-Willy-Ovesen-7857866.html Nekrolog Willy Ovesen] {{no icon}}</ref> * [[Viktor Prudnikov]], 75, Jèndral Angkatan Udara Ruslan.<ref>[http://ria.ru/defense_safety/20150103/1041294848.html Прощание с последним главкомом войск ПВО Прудниковым пройдет 6 января]</ref> *[[Terence Ranger]], 85, sajarawan Britania.<ref>[http://www.theguardian.com/books/2015/jan/18/terrance-ranger-obituary Terence Ranger obituary]</ref> *[[Denny Sakrie]], 51, kritikus musik Indonésia lan panyiar radio.<ref>[http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2015/01/03/legendary-music-critic-denny-sakrie-passes-away-51.html Legendary music critic Denny Sakrie passes away at 51]</ref> *[[Allie Sherman]], 91, juru main bal-balan gagrak Amérika ([[Philadelphia Eagles]]) lan palatih [[New York Giants]]).<ref>[http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/nytimes/obituary.aspx?pid=173729688 Alex Sherman]</ref> *[[Jouko Törmänen]], 60, juru main ski Finlan, jawara Olimpiade Mangsa Atis 1980.<ref>[http://www.lapinkansa.fi/Kotimaa/1194951225612/artikkeli/olympiavoittaja+jouko+tormanen+on+kuollut.html Olympiavoittaja Jouko Törmänen on kuollut] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150103210822/http://www.lapinkansa.fi/Kotimaa/1194951225612/artikkeli/olympiavoittaja+jouko+tormanen+on+kuollut.html |date=2015-01-03 }} {{fi icon}}</ref> === 4 === *[[Chang Sung-hwan]], 94, jèndral lan diplomat Koréa Kidul, Sénapati Angkatan Udara Koréa (1962–1964).<ref>[https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/people/2015/01/178_171148.html Former Air Force chief of staff dies at 94]</ref> *[[Elisabetta Catalano]], 70, juru foto kagunan alus Italia.<ref>[http://www.rainews.it/dl/rainews/articoli/Addio-ad-Elisabetta-Catalano-fotografa-delle-star-800f4a33-7809-454b-8ff4-c29716ceaec5.html E' morta Elisabetta Catalano, la fotografa delle star] {{it icon}}</ref> *[[Pino Daniele]], 59, panyanyi lan panulis lagi Italia, serangan jantung.<ref>[http://slippedisc.com/2015/01/half-black-italian-star-is-dead-aged-59/ ‘Half-black’ Italian star is dead, aged 59]</ref> *[[Chitresh Das]], 70, panayub India, guru lan koréografer, aneurisme.<ref>[http://sfbay.ca/2015/01/04/pandit-chitresh-das-dies-at-70/ Pandit Chitresh Das dies at 70]</ref> *[[Al Delugach]], 89, wartawan AS, pamenang Bebungah Pulitzer, [[:w:mesothelioma]].<ref>[http://www.sfgate.com/news/article/Pulitzer-winning-investigative-reporter-Al-6002777.php Pulitzer-winning investigative reporter Al Delugach dies]</ref> *[[Lance Diamond]], 72, panyanyi AS.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.wkbw.com/news/lance-diamond-dies |title=Lance Diamond dies |access-date=2015-11-04 |archive-date=2015-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150111233057/http://www.wkbw.com/news/lance-diamond-dies |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Jay Furman]], 72, pangusaha lan pambangun ''real estate'' AS, kanker.<ref>[http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/nytimes/obituary.aspx?n=jay-furman&pid=173741107 Jay Furman: Obituary]</ref> *[[He Zhenliang]], 85, pulitikus lan diplomat Tiongkok.<ref>[http://sports.ifeng.com/a/20150104/42855534_0.shtml?_baidualading#_zbs_baidu_xk 中国奥委会名誉主席何振梁因病去世] {{zh icon}}</ref> *[[Gene Kemp]], 88, panulis buku bocah Britania (''[[The Turbulent Term of Tyke Tiler]]'').<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.westmidlandsnews.org.uk/news/obituary-tamworth-author-gene-kemp |title=Obituary: Tamworth Author Gene Kemp |access-date=2015-11-04 |archive-date=2015-02-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150204121531/http://www.westmidlandsnews.org.uk/news/obituary-tamworth-author-gene-kemp |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Haroldo Lara]], 80, juru nglangi Olimpiade Brazilia (1952 lan 1956).<ref>[http://globoesporte.globo.com/sp/santos-e-regiao/natacao/noticia/2015/01/ex-nadador-olimpico-haroldo-de-melo-lara-morre-aos-80-anos.html Ex-nadador olímpico, Haroldo de Melo Lara morre aos 80 anos] {{pt icon}}</ref> *[[Azizullah Lodin]], +/-75, pulitikus Afganistan.<ref>[http://www.khaama.com/ex-afghan-anti-corruption-chief-passed-away-in-united-states-9206 Ex-Afghan anti-corruption chief passed away in United States]</ref> *[[Gasan Magomedov]], 20, juru main bal-balan Ruslan ([[FC Anzhi-2 Makhachkala|Anzhi-2]]), ditémbak.<ref>[http://www.theguardian.com/football/2015/jan/04/anzhi-makhachkala-gasan-magomedow-shot-killed-russia Anzhi Makhachkala footballer Gasan Magomedov shot and killed in Russia]</ref> *[[John McPhee (juru main bal-balan)|John McPhee]], 77, juru main bal-balan Sekotlan ([[Blackpool F.C.|Blackpool]], [[Motherwell F.C.|Motherwell]]).<ref>[http://www.blackpoolgazette.co.uk/sport/blackpool-fc/armfield-leads-tributes-to-pool-hero-john-mcphee-1-7033186 Armfield leads tributes to Pool hero John McPhee]</ref> *[[Stu Miller]], 87, juru main bisbol AS ([[San Francisco Giants]], [[Baltimore Orioles]]).<ref>[http://espn.go.com/mlb/story/_/id/12125102/former-san-francisco-giants-pitcher-stu-miller-dies-age-87 Former Giants pitcher Stu Miller dies]</ref> *[[Juan Isidro Moreno]], 90, pujangga Républik Dominika.<ref>[http://caribbeandigital.net/muere-juan-isidro-moreno-padre-de-guillermo-moreno/ Muere Juan Isidro Moreno, padre de Guillermo Moreno] {{es icon}}</ref> *[[Hasan Hazer Moshar]], 91, seniman Iran.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://iranfrontpage.com/news/cultures/arts/2015/01/not-lose-life-life-lost/ |title=He did not lose his life, life lost him |access-date=2015-11-04 |archive-date=2015-01-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150114185246/http://iranfrontpage.com/news/cultures/arts/2015/01/not-lose-life-life-lost/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Jack Parr (basketball)|Jack Parr]], 78, juru main baskèt AS ([[Sacramento Kings|Cincinnati Royals]]).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.salina.com/news/former-k-state-hoop-standout-jack-parr-dies-at/article_6a310aba-14ae-5489-9005-1308fe160e4e.html |title=Former K-State hoop standout, Jack Parr, dies at 78 |access-date=2015-11-04 |archive-date=2015-01-05 |archive-url=https://archive.is/20150105011237/http://www.salina.com/news/former-k-state-hoop-standout-jack-parr-dies-at/article_6a310aba-14ae-5489-9005-1308fe160e4e.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Natalino Pescarolo]], 85, rohaniawan Katulik Roma Italia, Biskop [[Fossano]] (1992–2005) lan Diocese saka Cuneo (1999–2005).<ref>[http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bpesn.html Bishop Natalino Pescarolo]</ref> *[[Hank Peters]], 90, èksèkutif bisbol AS ([[Baltimore Orioles]]), komplikasi serangan setruk.<ref>[http://washington.cbslocal.com/2015/01/04/former-orioles-gm-hank-peters-dies/ Former Orioles GM Hank Peters Dies]</ref> *[[Ahuti Prasad]], 57, aktor India, kanker usus.<ref>[http://www.deccanchronicle.com/150104/entertainment-tollywood/article/telugu-actor-ahuti-prasad-passes-away Telugu actor Ahuti Prasad passes away at 57]</ref> *[[Ives Roqueta]], 78, panulis basa Occitan saka Prancis.<ref>[http://www.jornalet.com/nova/4542/es-mort-ives-roqueta Es mòrt Ives Roqueta] {{fr icon}}</ref> *[[Eli Sagan]], 87, produsèn klambi AS, panulis antropologi budaya lan salah sijiné [[Pratélan Musuh Nixon|Musuh Nixon]].<ref>[http://www.northjersey.com/obituaries/top-obituaries/eli-sagan-87-proud-nixon-enemy-1.1189356 Eli Sagan, 87, proud Nixon 'enemy']</ref> *[[Stuart Scott]], 49, wartawan ulah raga AS (''[[SportsCenter]]''), kanker usus buntu.<ref>[http://espn.go.com/espn/story/_/id/12118296/stuart-scott-espn-anchor-dies-age-49 Stuart Scott, ESPN anchor, dies of cancer at 49]</ref> *[[Michele Serros]], 48, panulis novèl lan pujangga AS, tumor ganas klanjer idu.<ref>[http://www.nbcnews.com/news/latino/michele-serros-who-wrote-about-bicultural-life-dies-n280126 Michele Serros, Who Wrote About Bicultural Life, Dies]</ref> *[[Upendra Trivedi]], 78, aktor India lan sutradarawan.<ref>[http://zeenews.india.com/entertainment/celebrity/gujarati-actor-upendra-trivedi-passes-away-pm-modi-condoles-death_1524562.html Gujarati actor Upendra Trivedi passes away, PM Modi condoles death]</ref> *[[Richard D. Veltri]], 79, pulitikus AS, anggota DPRD [[Connecticut]].<ref>[http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/hartfordcourant/obituary.aspx?pid=173758214 Richard D. Veltri Ph.D.]</ref> *[[René Vautier]], 86, sutradara Prancis (''[[Avoir 20 ans dans les Aurès]]'').<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.expatica.com/fr/news/country-news/French-anti-colonial-firebrand-film-maker-Vautier-dies_444187.html |title=French anti-colonial firebrand film-maker Vautier dies |access-date=2015-11-04 |archive-date=2015-01-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150104214516/http://www.expatica.com/fr/news/country-news/French-anti-colonial-firebrand-film-maker-Vautier-dies_444187.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Bernard Williams (producer)|Bernard Williams]], 72, produsèn filem Britania (''[[A Clockwork Orange (filem)|A Clockwork Orange]]'', ''[[Daredevil (filem)|Daredevil]]'', ''[[Flash Gordon (filem)|Flash Gordon]]''), kanker.<ref>[http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/bernard-williams-producer-a-clockwork-763125 Bernard Williams, Producer on 'A Clockwork Orange' and 'Ragtime,' Dies at 72]</ref> *[[Edmund Wnuk-Lipiński]], 70, tokoh akadémis Polen.<ref>[http://m.wiadomosci.gazeta.pl/wiadomosci/1,117915,17209160,Prof__Edmund_Wnuk_Lipinski_nie_zyje.html Prof. Edmund Wnuk-Lipiński nie żyje] {{pl icon}}</ref> *[[János Zsombolyai]], 75, ahli filem Honggari, sutradara lan panulis skénario.<ref>[http://dailynewshungary.com/film-director-janos-zsombolyai-dies-at-75/ Film director Janos Zsombolyai dies at 75]</ref> ===5=== *[[Joy Ali]], 36, juru main tinju kelas tengah Fiji.<ref>[http://www.fijitimes.com/story.aspx?id=290923 Joy Ali passes away]</ref> *[[Jean-Pierre Beltoise]], 77, pambalap [[Formula One]] saka Prancis, pamenang [[1972 Monaco Grand Prix]], serangan setruk.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.euronews.com/sport/2868716-french-f1-winner-beltoise-dies-at-77/ |title=French F1 winner Beltoise dies at 77 |access-date=2015-11-05 |archive-date=2015-01-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150107113520/http://www.euronews.com/sport/2868716-french-f1-winner-beltoise-dies-at-77/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Al Bendich]], 85, sarjana kukum AS, aktivis HAM.<ref>[http://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/14/us/al-bendich-defender-of-howl-and-lenny-bruces-comedy-is-dead-at-85.html?_r=0 Al Bendich, Defender of ‘Howl’ and Lenny Bruce’s Comedy, Is Dead at 85]</ref> *[[Khan Bonfils]], 42, aktor Inggris (''[[Star Wars Episode I: The Phantom Menace]]'', ''[[Batman Begins]]'', ''[[Skyfall]]'').<ref>[http://www.standard.co.uk/news/london/former-star-wars-actor-collapses-and-dies-during-rehearsal-for-dantes-inferno-9961551.html Former Star Wars actor collapses and dies during rehearsal for Dante's Inferno in London]</ref> *[[Jim Burton (ice hockey)|Jim Burton]], 53, juru main hoki ès Kanadha ([[Hershey Bears]]) lan palatih, serangan jantung.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.wjbf.com/story/27773906/former-augusta-lynx-coach-passes-away |title=Former Augusta Lynx Coach Passes Away |access-date=2015-11-05 |archive-date=2015-01-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150109133156/http://www.wjbf.com/story/27773906/former-augusta-lynx-coach-passes-away |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Jack Calmes]], 71, pancipta AS, èksèkutif lan juru main musik.<ref>[http://livedesignonline.com/business-people-news/memoriam-jack-calmes-1943-2015 In Memoriam Jack Calmes (1943-2015)]</ref> *[[Eylül Cansın]], 24, wanita transgender Turki, nglalu mawa mencolot saka kreteg.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://planettransgender.com/turkish-transgender-woman-commits-suicide-i-could-not-did-not-allow/ |title=Turkish transgender woman commits suicide |access-date=2015-11-05 |archive-date=2016-02-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160220052717/http://planettransgender.com/turkish-transgender-woman-commits-suicide-i-could-not-did-not-allow/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Bobby Carter]], 75, pulitikus AS, anggota Sénat [[Tennessee]] (1995–2002).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.wbbjtv.com/news/local/Former-state-senator-Bobby-Carter-dies-287532381.html |title=Former state senator, Jackson businessman Bobby Carter dies at 75 |access-date=2015-11-05 |archive-date=2015-01-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150105213930/http://www.wbbjtv.com/news/local/Former-state-senator-Bobby-Carter-dies-287532381.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[William R. Catton, Jr.]], 88, ahli sosiologi lingkungan urip AS.<ref>[http://www.peakoilindia.org/2015/02/06/obit-william-r-catton-jr-jan-15-1926-jan-5-2015/ Obituary William R. Catton Jr. (Jan 15, 1926 – Jan 5, 2015)]</ref> *[[Arthur E. Chase]], 84, pulitikus AS, anggota Sénat [[Massachusetts]] (1991–1995).<ref>[http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/yadkinripple/obituary.aspx?pid=173738987 Arthur Chase]</ref> *[[Albert Firth]], 77, juru main liga rugby Inggris ([[Wakefield Trinity Wildcats|Wakefield Trinity]]).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.wakefieldexpress.co.uk/news/local-news/tributes-flood-in-for-wakefield-trinity-legend-albert-budgie-firth-1-7036247 |title=Tributes flood in for Wakefield Trinity legend Albert ‘Budgie’ Firth |access-date=2015-11-05 |archive-date=2015-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150106233941/http://www.wakefieldexpress.co.uk/news/local-news/tributes-flood-in-for-wakefield-trinity-legend-albert-budgie-firth-1-7036247 |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Antonio Fuertes]], 85, juru main bal-balan Spanyol ([[Valencia CF|Valencia]], [[Elche CF|Elche]]).<ref>[http://www.elmundo.es/comunidad-valenciana/2015/01/05/54aac38522601db4148b457a.html Fallece Antonio Fuertes, ex futbolista de Valencia y Elche] {{es icon}}</ref> *[[Vadim Glovatsky]], 45, juru main hoki ès Kazakhstan ([[Metallurg Magnitogorsk]]).<ref>[http://www.ntv.ru/sport/1283778/ Скоропостижно скончался бывший защитник хоккейной сборной России] {{ru icon}}</ref> *[[Joe Haines (pulitikus)|Joe Haines]], 91, pulitikus AS, anggota DPRD [[Ohio]] (1981–1999).<ref>[http://www.daytondailynews.com/news/news/local-govt-politics/former-state-lawmaker-greene-county-commissioner-d/njh6z/ Former state lawmaker, Greene County commissioner dies]</ref> *[[Ken Hale (juru main bal-balan)|Ken Hale]], 75, juru main bal-balan Inggris lan manajer.<ref>[http://www.ccfpa.co.uk/?p=13622 Ken Hale RIP (18/09/1939–05/01/2015)]</ref> *[[Niels Hansen (diplomat)|Niels Hansen]], 90, diplomat Jerman.<ref>[http://www.israelnetz.com/nachrichten/detailansicht/aktuell/frueherer-botschafter-niels-hansen-gestorben-90628/ Früherer Botschafter Niels Hansen gestorben] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151226052032/http://www.israelnetz.com/nachrichten/detailansicht/aktuell/frueherer-botschafter-niels-hansen-gestorben-90628/ |date=2015-12-26 }} {{de icon}}</ref> *[[Milton Hebald]], 97, panatah AS.<ref>[http://touch.latimes.com/#section/-1/article/p2p-82477077/ Milton Hebald, creator of prominent public sculptures, dies at 97]</ref> *[[Dan Held]], 53, juru main hoki ès Kanadha.<ref>[http://sc-bietigheim.de/de/news/nachrichten/getarticle/detail/nachruf-an-einen-lieben-trainer-und-freund/ Nachruf an einen lieben Trainer und Freund] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150116105942/http://sc-bietigheim.de/de/news/nachrichten/getarticle/detail/nachruf-an-einen-lieben-trainer-und-freund/ |date=2015-01-16 }} {{de icon}}</ref> *[[Martin Joseph (pulitikus)|Martin Joseph]], 65, pulitikus Trinidad, Mantri Katentreman Nasional (2003–2010), tiwas klelep.<ref>[http://latino.foxnews.com/latino/politics/2015/01/05/trinidadian-former-cabinet-minister-dies-in-swimming-accident/ Trinidadian former Cabinet minister dies in swimming accident]</ref> *[[Mustafa Kamal (kakim)|Mustafa Kamal]], 79, kakim Bangladèsh, Pasirah Mahkamah Agung (1999), lelara jantung.<ref>[http://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2015/01/05/former-chief-justice-mustafa-kamal-passes-away Former Chief Justice Mustafa Kamal passes away]</ref> *[[Earl MacNaughton]], 95, fisikawan Kanadha.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.guelphmercury.com/news-story/5247123-guelph-academic-recalled-as-key-u-of-g-builder-and-supportive-dad-of-ontario-s-education-minister/ |title=Guelph academic recalled as key U of G builder and supportive dad of Ontario’s education minister |access-date=2015-11-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150721062813/http://www.guelphmercury.com/news-story/5247123-guelph-academic-recalled-as-key-u-of-g-builder-and-supportive-dad-of-ontario-s-education-minister/ |archive-date=2015-07-21 |url-status=dead}}</ref> *[[Alfons Peeters]], 71, juru main bal-balan Bèlgia.<ref>[http://www.inmemoriam.be/nl/2015-01-05/alfons-peeters/# De heer Alfons Peeters] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210121010410/https://www.inmemoriam.be/nl/2015-01-05/alfons-peeters/ |date=2021-01-21 }} {{nl icon}}</ref> *[[King Sporty]], 71, Jamaican-American reggae musician.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/entertainment/KING-SPORTY-IS-DEAD_18183587 |title=King Sporty Is Dead |access-date=2015-11-05 |archive-date=2015-01-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150107132034/http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/entertainment/KING-SPORTY-IS-DEAD_18183587 |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Anthony Ledwith]], 81, ahli kimia Britania.<ref>[https://royalsociety.org/about-us/fellowship/notices-2015/ Professor Anthony Ledwith CBE FRS]</ref> *[[Bernard Joseph McLaughlin]], 102, rohaniawan Katulik saka AS, Biskop Bantuan [[Buffalo, New York|Buffalo]] (1968–1988).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://wivb.com/2015/01/05/buffalo-bishop-mclaughlin-dies-at-102/ |title=Buffalo’s oldest living Bishop dies at 102 |access-date=2015-11-05 |archive-date=2015-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150106081514/http://wivb.com/2015/01/05/buffalo-bishop-mclaughlin-dies-at-102/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Harold Murphy (pulitikus)|Harold Murphy]], 74, pulitikus AS, anggota DPRD [[Illinois]], (1993&ndash;2003).<ref>[http://legacy.suntimes.com/obituaries/chicagosuntimes/obituary.aspx?page=lifestory&pid=173768763 Harold Murphy Obituary]</ref> *[[Ganesh Patro]], 69, panulis India, kanker.<ref>[http://www.deccanherald.com/content/451680/telugu-writer-ganesh-patro-dead.html Telugu writer Ganesh Patro dead]</ref> *[[Joan Peters]], 78, panulis AS (''[[From Time Immemorial]]''), komplikasi setruk.<ref>[http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/obituaries/ct-joan-caro-obituary-met-20150107-story.html Joan Caro, author of controversial book on Israèl, dies at 78]</ref> *[[Geoff Truett]], 79, juru main bal-balan Inggris ([[Crystal Palace F.C.|Crystal Palace]]).<ref>[http://www.croydonadvertiser.co.uk/Tributes-paid-Crystal-Palace-winger/story-25853135-detail/story.html⋅Tributes paid to former Crystal Palace winger]{{Pranala mati|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> === 6 === *[[Anton Amann]], 58, ahli kimia Ostenrik.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://traueranzeigen.tt.com/traueranzeige/2101895-univ-prof-dr-anton-amann.html |title=Univ.-Prof. Dr. Anton Amann |access-date=2015-11-05 |archive-date=2015-12-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151226075059/http://traueranzeigen.tt.com/traueranzeige/2101895-univ-prof-dr-anton-amann.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Else M. Barth]], 86, filsuf Nurwègen.<ref>[http://www.aftenposten.no/dodsfall/Nekrolog-Else-Margarete-Barth-7865796.html Nekrolog Else Margarete Barth] {{no icon}}</ref> *[[Vlastimil Bubník]], 83, juru main hoki ès lan bal-balan Céko, pamenang medali prunggu Olimpiade (1964).<ref>[http://hokej.idnes.cz/vlastimil-bubnik-umrti-hokej-djg-/reprezentace.aspx?c=A150106_095854_reprezentace_mne Zemřel slavný hokejista Vlastimil Bubník. S Brnem získal 11 titulů] {{cs icon}}</ref> *[[Buffalo Tiger]], 94, pulitikus AS, pasirah Suku Indian Miccosukee ing Florida (1962–1985).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.palmbeachpost.com/news/news/state-regional/former-miccosukee-chief-who-met-with-castro-dies/njhnR/ |title=Former Miccosukee chief who met with Castro dies |access-date=2015-11-05 |archive-date=2015-09-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924140657/http://www.palmbeachpost.com/news/news/state-regional/former-miccosukee-chief-who-met-with-castro-dies/njhnR/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Joseph Djida]], 69, rohaniawan Katulik Roma ing Kamerun, Biskop [[Ngaoundéré]] (wiwit 2000).<ref>[http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bdjida.html Bishop Joseph Djida]</ref> *[[Johannes de Villiers Graaff]], 86, ahli ékonomi Afrika Kidul.<ref>[https://www.wegotads.co.za/Deaths/listings/12/JOHANNES+DE+VILLIERS+GRAAFF+Feb+19+1928+Jan+6+2015/details/1265370.htm Johannes de Villiers Graaff]</ref> *[[Lawrence Gushee]], 83, ahli musik AS.<ref>[http://www.news-gazette.com/obituaries/2015-01-08/lawrence-gushee.html Lawrence Gushee]</ref> *[[Francesca Hilton]], 67, aktris AS lan tokoh sosial, setruk.<ref>[http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-francesca-gabor-hilton-dead-20150106-story.html Francesca Hilton, daughter of Zsa Zsa Gabor and Conrad Hilton, dies at 67]</ref> *[[Ron Hovey]], 82, juru main bal-balan gagrag Australia ([[Geelong Football Club|Geelong]]).<ref>[http://www.heraldsun.com.au/sport/afl/geelong-mourns-death-of-ron-hovey-former-dual-premiership-player-and-president/story-fni5f6yf-1227176811917?nk=221b413b7c471960f2f21c1d38f70bc5 Geelong mourns death of Ron Hovey, former dual premiership player and president]</ref> *[[Arthur Jackson (ulah ragawan témbak)|Arthur Jackson]], 96, ulah ragawan témbak AS.<ref>[http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/concordmonitor/obituary.aspx?pid=173762815 Arthur C. Jackson (1918 - 2015)]</ref> *[[Basil John Mason|Sir Basil John Mason]], 91, juru pangramal hawa Britania.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.rmets.org/death-sir-john-mason |title=Death of Sir John Mason |access-date=2015-11-05 |archive-date=2015-01-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150112072303/http://www.rmets.org/death-sir-john-mason |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[George H. McKee]], 91, Lètnan Jèndral Angkatan Udara AS.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://obits.dignitymemorial.com/dignity-memorial/obituary.aspx?n=George-McKee&lc=1144&pid=173777381&mid=6270268 |title=In Memory of George H. McKee April 28, 1923 - January 6, 2015 |access-date=November 5, 2015 |archive-date=February 2, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150202225938/http://obits.dignitymemorial.com/dignity-memorial/obituary.aspx?n=George-McKee&lc=1144&pid=173777381&mid=6270268 |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Lance Percival]], 81, aktor Britania (''[[That Was the Week That Was]]'', ''[[The Beatles (TV series)|The Beatles]]'') lan panyanyi ("[[Shame & Scandal|Shame and Scandal in the Family]]").<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://announcements.telegraph.co.uk/deaths/185934/percival |title=Percival |access-date=2015-11-05 |archive-date=2015-01-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150109224318/http://announcements.telegraph.co.uk/deaths/185934/percival |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Gilberto Perez]], profèsor ngèlmu filem AS kalairan Kuba.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.sarahlawrence.edu/gilberto-perez/ |title=Gilberto Perez |access-date=2015-11-05 |archive-date=2015-04-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402095115/https://www.sarahlawrence.edu/gilberto-perez/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Sanford E. Reisenbach]], 82, èksèkutif marketing ([[Warner Bros.]]).<ref>[http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/sandy-reisenbach-dead-warner-bros-761604 Sandy Reisenbach, Former Warner Bros. Marketing and Advertising Exec, Dies at 82]</ref> *[[Patricia Roppel]], 76, sajarawan AS lan guru, spésialisasi ing sajarah [[Southeast Alaska]], kanker.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ktoo.org/2015/01/09/alaska-historian-dies-cancer/ |title=Alaska historian dies of cancer |access-date=2015-11-05 |archive-date=2015-02-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206211250/http://www.ktoo.org/2015/01/09/alaska-historian-dies-cancer/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Thunder Rumble]], 26, jaran misuwur AS, komplikasi kolik.<ref>[http://www.saratogian.com/sports/20150107/new-york-bred-1992-travers-winner-thunder-rumble-dies New York-bred 1992 Travers winner Thunder Rumble dies]</ref> *[[Alexandru Segal]], 67, ahli ékonomi Brazilia kalairan Rumania lan juru main catur.<ref>[http://www.saturnov.com/artigos/354-falecimento-do-mestre-alexandru-segal Falecimento do mestre Alexandru Segal] {{pt icon}}</ref> === 7 === *[[Subhas Anandan]], 67, pangacara Singapura kalairan India, gagal jantung.<ref>[http://www.businesstimes.com.sg/government-economy/update-veteran-criminal-lawyer-subhas-anandan-dies Veteran criminal lawyer Subhas Anandan dies]</ref> *[[José Arias]], 92, juru main ski alpin Spanyol sajeroning Olimpiade (Olimpiade Mangsa Atis 1948).<ref>[http://www.marca.com/2015/01/08/mas_deportes/nieve/1420748483.html Fallece Pepe Arias, decano de los olímpicos españoles] {{es icon}}</ref> *[[Ricardo Bueno Fernández]], 74, pulitikus Spanyol, anggota Sénat Spanyol (1977–1979, 1993–2000) lan Konggrès Para Wakil (2000–2004).<ref>[http://www.eldiariomontanes.es/torrelavega-besaya/201501/07/fallece-ricardo-bueno-historico-20150107151847.html Fallece Ricardo Bueno, histórico político de Torrelavega] {{es icon}}</ref> *[[Gilbert Finn]], 94, pangusaha Kanadha, Lètnan Gubernur [[New Brunswick]] (1987–1994).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://metronews.ca/news/canada/1255467/former-new-brunswick-lieutenant-governor-dies/ |title=Former New Brunswick lieutenant-governor dies |access-date=2015-11-06 |archive-date=2015-01-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150108175220/http://metronews.ca/news/canada/1255467/former-new-brunswick-lieutenant-governor-dies/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Michael Fisher (lawyer)|Michael Fisher]], 68, pangacara Britania Raya, kanker.<ref>[http://www.theguardian.com/law/2015/jan/28/michael-fisher Michael Fisher obituary]</ref> *[[Tadeusz Konwicki]], 88, panulis lan prodhuser filem Polen.<ref>[http://www.theguardian.com/books/2015/jan/21/tadeusz-konwicki Tadeusz Konwicki obituary]</ref> *[[Mompati Merafhe]], 78, Jèndral lan pulitikus Botswana, Wakil Présidèn (2008–2012).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201501070733.html |title=Botswana: General Merafhe Passes On |access-date=2015-11-06 |archive-date=2015-01-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150109085533/http://allafrica.com/stories/201501070733.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Arch A. Moore, Jr.]], 91, pulitikus AS, Gubernur [[Virginia Kulon]] (1969–1977, 1985–1989).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.wowktv.com/story/27787290/former-wv-gov-arch-moore-dies-at-age-91 |title=Former WV Gov. Arch Moore dies at age 91 |access-date=2015-11-06 |archive-date=2015-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150111033033/http://www.wowktv.com/story/27787290/former-wv-gov-arch-moore-dies-at-age-91 |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[J. P. Parisé]], 73, juru main hoki ès Kanadha ([[Minnesota North Stars]]), kanker paru-paru.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.startribune.com/sports/wild/287918141.html |title=Former North Star J.P. Parise dies at 73 |access-date=2015-11-06 |archive-date=2015-01-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150117120805/http://www.startribune.com/sports/wild/287918141.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Jethro Pugh]], 70, juru main bal-balan gagrag Amérikah Sarékat ([[Dallas Cowboys]]).<ref>[http://cowboysblog.dallasnews.com/2015/01/former-dallas-cowboys-defensive-lineman-jethro-pugh-passes-away.html/ Former Dallas Cowboys defensive lineman, ‘Ice Bowl’ participant Jethro Pugh dies]</ref> *[[Archie Radebe]], 55, juru main bal-balan Afrika Kidul ([[AmaZulu F.C.|AmaZulu]]) lan palatih.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.kickoff.com/news/51708/former-amazulu-striker-archie-juluka-radebe-has-died |title=Juluka passes on |access-date=2015-11-06 |archive-date=2015-01-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150115230456/http://www.kickoff.com/news/51708/former-amazulu-striker-archie-juluka-radebe-has-died |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[B. S. Abdur Rahman]], 87, pangusaha India lan tokoh filantropi ([[Universitas B. S. Abdur Rahman]]).<ref>[http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/bs-abdur-rahman-passes-away/article6765817.ece?homepage=true B.S. Abdur Rahman passes away]</ref> *[[Tim Roberts]], 38, juru main gulan profèsional AS ([[World Wrestling Council|WWC]], [[New Wrestling Stars|NWS]], [[ECW (WWE)|ECW]]).<ref>[http://www.wrestlinginc.com/wi/news/2015/0107/588303/the-zombie-from-wwe-ecw-on-sci-fi-passes-away/ The Zombie From WWE's ECW Passes Away]</ref> *[[David Rolfe (juru nglangi)|David Rolfe]], 50, juru nglangi Paralimpik Australia, komplikasi operasi jantung.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.parasport-news.com/australian-paralympic-swimmer-david-rolfe-dies/5013/ |title=Australian Paralympic swimmer David Rolfe dies |access-date=2015-11-06 |archive-date=2015-01-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150118035028/http://www.parasport-news.com/australian-paralympic-swimmer-david-rolfe-dies/5013/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Julio Scherer García]], 88, wartawan Mèksiko, syok sèptik.<ref>[http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/the_americas/julio-scherer-garcia-journalist-and-irritant-of-politicians-dies-at-88/2015/01/07/a50ebb82-96a0-11e4-8005-1924ede3e54a_story.html Julio Scherer García, journalist and irritant to politicians, dies at 88]</ref> *[[Herb Simpson (juru main bisbol)|Herb Simpson]], 94, juru main bisbol AS ([[Seattle Steelheads]]).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://m.mlb.com/news/article/106037126/negro-leaguer-herb-simpson-passes-away |title=Negro Leaguer Herb Simpson passes away |access-date=2015-11-06 |archive-date=2015-01-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150110043810/http://m.mlb.com/news/article/106037126/negro-leaguer-herb-simpson-passes-away |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Rod Taylor]], 84, aktor Australia (''[[The Time Machine (filem 1960)|The Time Machine]]'', ''[[The Birds (filem)|The Birds]]''), serangan jantung.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/wires/aap/article-2902863/Australian-actor-Rod-Taylor-dies.html Australian actor Rod Taylor dies]</ref> *[[Nancy Thomas]], 96, prodhuser télévisi Britania (''[[Monitor (sérial TV Britania Raya)|Monitor]]'').<ref>[http://www.theguardian.com/médhia/2015/jan/15/nancy-thomas Nancy Thomas obituary]</ref> *Wong-wong Prancis wigati sing tiwas nalika prastawa [[Panémbakan Charlie Hebdo]]:<ref>[http://www.lefigaro.fr/flash-actu/2015/01/07/97001-20150107FILWWW00188--charlie-hebdo-les-dessinateurs-cabu-charb-tignous-et-wolinski-sont-morts.php Charlie Hebdo : les dessinateurs Cabu, Charb, Tignous et Wolinski sont morts] {{fr icon}}</ref> **[[Cabu]], 76, kartunis **[[Elsa Cayat]], 54, ahli psikoanalisis lan kolumnis **[[Charb]], 47, karikaturis lan wartawan **[[Philippe Honoré (kartunis)|Philippe Honoré]], 73, kartunis **[[Bernard Maris]], 68, ahli ékonomi lan wartawan **[[Mustapha Ourrad]], 60, juru panata lan panyunting kalairan Aljazair **[[Tignous]], 57, kartunis **[[Georges Wolinski]], 80, kartunis === 8 === *[[William E. Boeing, Jr.]], 92, pangusaha Amérika, produsèn montor mabur.<ref>[http://www.bizjournals.com/seattle/blog/2015/01/william-boeing-jr-son-of-boeing-co-founder-dies-at.html William Boeing Jr., son of Boeing Co. founder, dies at age 92]</ref> *[[Andraé Crouch]], 72, panyanyi gospel AS.<ref>[http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/music/posts/la-et-ms-andrae-crouch-dies-20150108-story.html Grammy-winning gospel artist Andrae Crouch dies at 72]</ref> *[[Kep Enderby]], 88, pulitikus Australia lan kakim, anggota [[Parlemèn Australia]] (1970–1975), [[Mahkamah Agung]] [[New South Wales]] (1982–1992).<ref>[http://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-01-09/former-act-politician-kep-enderby-dies-aged-88/6007848 Former Whitlam minister Kep Enderby dies aged 88]</ref> *[[Patsy Garrett]], 93, aktris lan panyanyi AS (''[[Benji (filem 1974)|Benji]]'', ''[[Nanny and the Professor]]'', ''[[Room 222]]'').<ref>[http://variety.com/2015/tv/people-news/actress-patsy-garrett-dies-at-93-1201407386/ Actress Patsy Garrett Dies at 93]</ref> *[[Jean-Claude Gasigwa]], 31, juru main tènis Rwanda.<ref>[http://www.nation.co.ke/sports/tennis/Jean-Claude-Gasigwa-Death-Cercle-Sportif-Rwanda/-/442212/2582850/-/sg9eay/-/index.html Former Kenya Open champ Jean-Claude Gasigwa passes on]</ref> *[[Peter Hill (juru main bal-balan)|Peter Hill]], 83, juru main bal-bala Inggris ([[Coventry City F.C.|Coventry City]]).<ref>[http://www.coventrytelegraph.net/sport/sport-opinion/remembering-three-men-heart-1960s-8415389 Remembering three men at the heart of the 1960s' Sky Blues revolution]</ref> *[[Jenő Lasztovicza]], 53, pulitikus Honggari, anggota parlemèn Honggari (wiwit 1998).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://hungarytoday.hu/cikk/rip-fidesz-mp-jeno-lasztovicza-dies-aged-53-99188 |title=RIP – Fidesz MP Jenő Lasztovicza dies aged 53 |access-date=2015-11-08 |archive-date=2015-01-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150108232455/http://hungarytoday.hu/cikk/rip-fidesz-mp-jeno-lasztovicza-dies-aged-53-99188 |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Curtis Lee]], 75, panyanyi AS ("[[Pretty Little Angel Eyes]]"), kanker.<ref>[http://www.yumasun.com/news/homebuilder-singer-curtis-lee-dies-at/article_b4d68540-9880-11e4-bfb6-7b8d034c7bde.html Homebuilder, singer Curtis Lee dies at 75]</ref> *[[Hubert Markl]], 76, ahli biologi Jerman.<ref>[https://royalsociety.org/about-us/fellowship/notices-2015/ Professor Hubert Simon Markl ForMemRS]</ref> *[[Ray McFall]], 88, sing nduwé klub wengi ([[The Cavern Club]]).<ref>[http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-30725308 Cavern Club owner Ray McFall dies]</ref> *[[Roy McKie]], 93, panulis Amérikah Sarékat.<ref>[http://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/by-topic/childrens/childrens-authors/article/65852-obituary-roy-mckie.html Obituary Roy McKie]</ref> *[[Richard Meade]], 76, panunggang jaran Britania, juwara Olimpiade kaping telu, kanker.<ref>[http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/wales/25666058 Obituary: Triple Olympic gold-medallist Richard Meade]</ref> *[[Leif Rantala]], 67, ahli basa Finlan.<ref>[http://yle.fi/uutiset/kuolan_niemimaan_tutkija_leif_rantala_on_kuollut/7727329 Kuolan niemimaan tutkija Leif Rantala on kuollut] {{fi icon}}</ref> *[[Erbey Satterfield]], 75, pulitikus AS, anggota DPRD [[Utah]].<ref>[http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/saltlaketribune/obituary.aspx?pid=173802990 Erbey Leland Satterfield]</ref> *[[Egil Toreng]], 92, panyunting koran lan pulitikus Nurwègen.<ref>[http://www.glomdalen.no/Egil_Toreng_er_d_d-5-19-9484.html Egil Toreng er død] {{no icon}}</ref> *[[Nelson Townsend]], 73, palatih atlètik AS ([[Florida A&M Rattlers and Lady Rattlers|Florida A&M]]).<ref>[http://www.tallahassee.com/story/sports/2015/01/14/famus-nelson-townsends-funeral-draws-hundreds/21766039/ FAMU's Nelson Townsend's funeral draws hundreds]</ref> === 9 === *[[Angelo Anquilletti]], 71, juru main bal-balan Italia ([[A.C. Milan]], [[Tim nasional bal-balan Italia|tim nasional]]).<ref>[http://www.acmilan.com/it/news/breaking_news_show/71267 La Scomparsa, Anegelo Anquilletti: Il cordoglio del Milan] {{it icon}}</ref> *[[Jasodhara Bagchi]], 77, kritikus féminis India lan tokoh akadémi.<ref>[http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/Jashodhara-Bagchi-passes-away/articleshow/45828419.cms Jashodhara Bagchi passes away]</ref> *[[Amedy Coulibaly]], 32, jihadi Prancis, ditémbak.<ref>[http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2015/01/09/amedy-coulibaly-paris-kosher-market_n_6444418.html Amedy Coulibaly, Paris Kosher Market Terrorist, Had History Of Ties To Violence]</ref> *[[Harry A. DeMaso]], 93, pulitikus AS, anggota sénat [[Michigan]] (1967–1986).<ref>[http://www.battlecreekenquirer.com/story/news/local/2015/01/12/harry-demaso-remembered-battle-creek-guy/21660523/ Harry DeMaso remembered as a 'Battle Creek guy']</ref> *[[Samuel Goldwyn, Jr.]], 88, prodhuser filem AS (''[[The Secret Life of Walter Mitty (filem 2013)|The Secret Life of Walter Mitty]]'', ''[[Master and Commander: The Far Side of the World]]''), gagal jantung.<ref>[http://variety.com/2015/film/news/samuel-goldwyn-jr-dies-at-88-1201399483/ Samuel Goldwyn Jr. Dies at 88]</ref> *[[Ah Chew Goo]], 96, juru main lan palatih baskèt AS ([[Hawaii Rainbow Warriors basketball|University of Hawaii]]).<ref>[http://obits.staradvertiser.com/2015/02/05/ah-chew-goo/ Ah Chew Goo]</ref> *[[Michel Jeury]], 80, panulis fiksi ngèlmiah Prancis.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://scifiportal.eu/michel-jeury-a-great-european-sf-writer-1931-2015/ |title=Michel Jeury, A Great European SF writer : 1931-2015 |access-date=2015-11-08 |archive-date=2015-02-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206213042/http://scifiportal.eu/michel-jeury-a-great-european-sf-writer-1931-2015/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Robert V. Keeley]], 85, diplomat AS, Duta Agung AS kanggo [[Mauritius]] (1976–1978), [[Zimbabwé]] (1980–1984) lan [[Yunani]] (1985–1989), setruk.<ref>[http://www.washingtonpost.com/national/robert-v-keeley-outspoken-ambassador-dies-at-85/2015/01/10/f1da359e-984f-11e4-8005-1924ede3e54a_story.html Robert V. Keeley, outspoken ambassador, dies at 85]</ref> *[[Sarah Kemp]], 69, aktris Australia (''[[Sons and Daughters (sérial TV Australia)|Sons and Daughters]]''), kanker paru-paru.<ref>[http://www.tvtonight.com.au/2015/01/vale-sarah-kemp.html Vale: Sarah Kemp]</ref> *[[Chuck Locke]], 82, juru main bisbol AS ([[Baltimore Orioles]]).<ref>[http://www.mathisfuneralhomes.com/memsol.cgi?user_id=1496604 In Memory of Charles E. Locke]</ref> *[[Frans Molenaar]], 74, désainer klambi Walanda, komplikasi olèhé tiba.<ref>[http://www.dutchnews.nl/news/archives/2015/01/dutch-couturier-frans-molenaar-has-died-at-the-age-of-74.php/ Dutch couturier Frans Molenaar dies at the age of 74]</ref> *[[Józef Oleksy]], 68, pulitikus Polen, Nayakotama (1995–1996), kanker.<ref>[http://wiadomosci.onet.pl/kraj/jozef-oleksy-nie-zyje/v60pb Józef Oleksy nie żyje] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150112215830/http://wiadomosci.onet.pl/kraj/jozef-oleksy-nie-zyje/v60pb |date=2015-01-12 }} {{pl icon}}</ref> *[[Bud Paxson]], 79, èksekutif AS, salah sawijining pangadeg [[Home Shopping Network]], pangadeg [[Pax TV]].<ref>[http://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/16/business/lowell-w-paxson-dies-at-79-started-home-shopping-network.html?_r=1 Lowell W. Paxson Dies at 79; Started Home Shopping Network]</ref> *[[Peder Pedersen (pambalap pit)|Peder Pedersen]], 69, pambalap pit Dènmark.<ref>[http://feltet.dk/nyheder/peder_pedersen_er_doed/ Peder Pedersen er død] {{dk icon}}</ref> *[[Abdul Rahman Ya'kub]], 87, pulitikus Malaysia, Mantri Utama Sarawak (1970–1981).<ref>[http://www.theborneopost.com/2015/01/09/tun-abdul-rahman-yakub-passes-away-at-87/ Tun Abdul Rahman Yakub passes away at 87]</ref> *[[Whitney Reed]], 82, juru main tènis AS.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.norcal.usta.com/news/northern-california-tennis-great-whitney-reed-passes-away-at-82/ |title=Northern California Tennis Great Whitney Reed Passes Away at 82 |access-date=2015-11-08 |archive-date=2015-04-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150419140026/http://www.norcal.usta.com/news/northern-california-tennis-great-whitney-reed-passes-away-at-82/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[James L. Reveal]], 73, ahli botani AS.<ref>[http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/theithacajournal/obituary.aspx?n=james-l-reveal&pid=173824748&fhid=31206 James L. Reveal]</ref> *[[Robert Scott (author)|Robert Scott]], 73, panulis AS.<ref>[http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/redding/obituary.aspx?n=Robert-Scott&pid=173827378 Robert Scott Obituary]</ref> *[[Bud Sherman]], 88, pulitikus Kanadha, anggota ''[[Legislative Assembly of Manitoba]]'' (1969–1984), [[House of Commons of Canada]]'' (DPR Kanadha, 1965–1968).<ref>[http://passages.winnipegfreepress.com/passage-details/id-220874/name-Louis_Sherman/min-run-date-1421042400/order-publish_date Louis Sherman]</ref> *[[Paul M. Starnes]], 80, pulitikus AS, anggota DPRD [[Tennessee]] (1972–1990).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.wrcbtv.com/story/27815690/former-longtime-state-representative-paul-starnes-passes-away |title=Former longtime state representative Paul Starnes passes away |access-date=2015-11-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150116091932/http://www.wrcbtv.com/story/27815690/former-longtime-state-representative-paul-starnes-passes-away |archive-date=2015-01-16 |url-status=dead}}</ref> *[[Roy Tarpley]], 50, juru main baskèt AS ([[Dallas Mavericks]]).<ref>[http://probasketballtalk.nbcsports.com/2015/01/09/former-dallas-maverick-roy-tarpley-dies-at-age-50/ Former Dallas Maverick Roy Tarpley dies at age 50]</ref> *[[Christian Vanneque]], 65, ahli anggur lan pangurus rèstoran Prancis misuwur.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://sip-bali.com/whos-the-boss/ |title=Christian Vanneque (1949 – 2015) |access-date=2015-11-08 |archive-date=2015-01-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150129183840/http://sip-bali.com/whos-the-boss/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> === 10 === *[[John Angus (pangudi hak bocah)|John Angus]], 66, Sélandia Anyar, pangudi hak bocak, ''Children's Commissioner'' (2009–2011).<ref>[http://www.radionz.co.nz/news/national/263617/tribute-paid-to-ex-children's-commissioner Tribute paid to ex-Children's Commissioner]</ref> *[[Jorgelina Aranda]], 72, modèl lan aktris Argèntina (''[[Il Gaucho]]'').<ref>[http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0032986/ Jorgelina Aranda (I) (1942–2015)]</ref> *[[Robert Berner]], 79, ahli géologi lan géokimia AS.<ref>[http://news.yale.edu/2015/01/13/memoriam-robert-berner-giant-geology In memoriam: Robert Berner, a ‘giant of geology’]</ref> *[[Walter Berns]], 95, profèsor kukum konstitusi lan filsafat pulitik AS.<ref>[http://www.nationalreview.com/corner/396146/walter-berns-1919-2015-yuval-levin Walter Berns, 1919-2015]</ref> *[[Frans Bolweg]], 64, matrus lan palatih Walanda.<ref>[http://www.watersportverbond.nl/nieuws/2015/in-herinnering-frans-bolweg/ In herinnering Frans Bolweg] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150112002529/http://www.watersportverbond.nl/nieuws/2015/in-herinnering-frans-bolweg/ |date=2015-01-12 }} {{nl icon}}</ref> *[[Catherine Cando]], 19, kontèstan putri ayu Ékuador, cerebral edema.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2911424/Stunning-beauty-queen-driven-death-liposuction-evil-bullying-doctors-family-Ecuador-claims.html Death by liposuction: Hunt for doctor who 'killed stunning beauty queen by pestering her to go under the knife' in Ecuador even though she was NOT fat]</ref> *[[Brian Clemens]], 83, panulis skénario Britania (''[[Dr. Jekyll and Sister Hyde]]'') lan prodhuser télévisi (''[[The Avengers (sérial TV)|The Avengers]]'', ''[[The Professionals (sérial TV)|The Professionals]]'').<ref>[http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-30775352 Avengers and Professionals writer Brian Clemens dies]</ref> *[[Abed Daoudieh]], pulitikus Yordania, Mantri Urusan Agama lan Awqaf (1984).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://jordantimes.com/former-awqaf-minister-passes-away |title=Former awqaf minister passes away |access-date=2015-11-09 |archive-date=2015-01-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150113074048/http://jordantimes.com/former-awqaf-minister-passes-away |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[George Dickerson]], 81, aktor AS (''[[Blue Velvet (filem)|Blue Velvet]]'', ''[[Hill Street Blues]]'').<ref>[http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/george-dickerson-dead-blue-velvet-764565 George Dickerson, Actor in David Lynch's 'Blue Velvet' Dies at 81]</ref> *[[James R. Dixon]], 86, ahli hèrpètologi AS<ref>[http://wfsc.tamu.edu/2015/01/16/memorial-service-for-dr-james-dixon/ Obituary James Dixon]</ref> *[[Tim Drummond]], 74, juru main bas AS ([[Bob Dylan]], [[Neil Young]]).<ref>[http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/6436533/tim-drummond-bassist-neil-young-csny-bob-dylan-dies-74 Tim Drummond, Bassist for Neil Young, CSNY, Dylan, Dies at 74]</ref> *[[Pierre-André Fournier]], 71, rohaniawan Katulik Roma Kanadha, Biskop Agung [[Rimouski]] (wiwit taun 2008).<ref>[http://catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bfourp.html Archbishop Pierre-André Fournier]</ref> *[[Elemér Hankiss]], 86, ahli sosiologi Honggari.<ref>[http://hvg.hu/itthon/20150110_Elhunyt_Hankiss_Elemer/ Meghalt Hankiss Elemér] {{hu icon}}</ref> *[[Maeve Hillery]], 91, fisikawan Irlandia.<ref>[http://www.independent.ie/irish-news/dr-maeve-hillery-wife-of-former-president-patrick-hillery-dies-aged-91-30900112.html Dr Maeve Hillery, the widow of former President Patrick Hillery, has died]</ref> *[[Jim Hogan (athlete)|Jim Hogan]], 81, pambalap jarak dawa Olimpiade Irlandia, jawara Éropa (1966).<ref>[http://www.irishtimes.com/sport/other-sports/former-olympian-jim-hogan-passes-away-1.2061945 Former Olympian Jim Hogan passes away]</ref> *[[Harry V. Jaffa]], 96, profèsor filsafat pulitik AS.<ref>[http://www.nationalreview.com/corner/396163/harry-jaffa-rip-yuval-levin Harry Jaffa, R.I.P.]</ref> *[[Annis Jensen]], 93, ahli sepatu rodha AS.<ref>[http://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Roller-Derby-legend-Annis-Jensen-dies-at-93-6007358.php Roller Derby legend Annis Jensen dies at 93]</ref> *[[Frederik H. Kreuger]], 86, ngèlmuwan voltase dhuwur Walanda.<ref>[https://intranet.tudelft.nl/nl/ewi/nieuws/artikel/detail/profdrir-fh-fred-kreuger-overleden/ Prof.dr.ir. F.H. (Fred) Kreuger overleden] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150721162620/https://intranet.tudelft.nl/nl/ewi/nieuws/artikel/detail/profdrir-fh-fred-kreuger-overleden/ |date=2015-07-21 }} {{nl icon}}</ref> *[[Junior Malanda]], 20, juru main bal-balan Bèlgiar ([[VfL Wolfsburg]], [[Tim nasional bal-balan Bèlgia ngisor 21 taun|tim nasional ngisor 21 taun]]), tabrakan lalul lintas.<ref>[http://www.theguardian.com/football/2015/jan/10/wolfsburg-junior-malanda-killed-car-accident Wolfsburg player Junior Malanda dies aged 20 after car accident in Germany]</ref> *[[Marko Marin (profèsor)|Marko Marin]], 84, dirèktur téater lan ahli kagunan Slowén.<ref>[https://www.rtvslo.si/kultura/drugo/umrl-je-profesor-na-agrft-ju-marko-marin/355557 Umrl je profesor na AGRFT-ju Marko Marin] {{sl icon}}</ref> *[[Slobodan Martinović]], 70, juru main catur Serbia.<ref>[http://www.chessdom.com/in-memoriam-gm-slobodan-martinovic/ In Memoriam GM Slobodan Martinović]</ref> *[[Roger Moyer]], 80, pulitikus AS, Wali Kutha [[Annapolis, Maryland]] (1965–1973), lelara Parkinson.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.capitalgazette.com/news/ph-ac-cn-moyer-dies-0111-20150111,0,4367831,full.story |title=Roger 'Pip' Moyer dies: Former Annapolis mayor leaves rich legacy |access-date=2015-11-09 |archive-date=2015-04-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402090946/http://www.capitalgazette.com/news/ph-ac-cn-moyer-dies-0111-20150111%2C0%2C4367831%2Cfull.story |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Yoko Nagae Ceschina]], 82, tokoh filantropi musik klasik Jepang.<ref>[http://slippedisc.com/2015/01/valery-gergiev-loses-a-major-patron/ Valery Gergiev loses a major patron]</ref> *[[Taylor Negron]], 57, aktor lan juru lawak AS (''[[Angels in the Outfield (filem taun 1994)|Angels in the Outfield]]'', ''[[Fast Times at Ridgemont High]]'', ''[[Bio-Dome]]''), kanker.<ref>[http://deadline.com/2015/01/taylor-negron-dead-57-after-long-battle-with-cancer-1201346798/ Taylor Negron, Comedian & Actor, Dead At 57 After Long Battle With Cancer]</ref> *[[Margit Nünke]], 84, paragawati Jerman, aktris lan ratu ayu.<ref>[http://www.filmdienst.de/filmdienst-inhaltsangabe/einzelansicht/margit-nuenke15-11-1930%E2%80%89%E2%80%93%E2%80%8910-1-2015-,211873.html Margit Nünke (15.11.1930 – 10.1.2015)]{{Pranala mati|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} {{de icon}}</ref> *[[George Probert]], 87, panyunting musik lan ahli musik jazz AS.<ref>[http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/latimes/obituary.aspx?n=george-arthur-probert&pid=173870789#_ga=1.147511359.945379209.1370722832 George Arthur Probert Jr. Obituary]</ref> *[[Francesco Rosi]], 92, sutradara filem Italia (''[[The Mattei Affair]]'', ''[[Christ Stopped at Eboli (filem)|Christ Stopped at Eboli]]'', ''[[Salvatore Giuliano (filem)|Salvatore Giuliano]]'').<ref>[http://www.theguardian.com/film/2015/jan/11/francesco-rosi Francesco Rosi obituary]</ref> *[[Francis Simard]], 67, durjana lan tokoh révolusionèr lan aktivis Kanadha, aneurisme.<ref>[http://montrealgazette.com/news/local-news/former-flq-member-francis-simard-dies-at-67-according-to-a-report Former FLQ member Francis Simard dies at 67, according to a report]</ref> *[[Hans Stoiber]], 96, pujangga Ostenrik.<ref>[http://cdn.salzburg.com/nachrichten/fileadmin/php/snRubriken/snTrauer/images/hans_helmut_stoiber_968159-1.jpg Dr. Hans Helmut Stoiber] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150202002042/http://cdn.salzburg.com/nachrichten/fileadmin/php/snRubriken/snTrauer/images/hans_helmut_stoiber_968159-1.jpg |date=2015-02-02 }} {{de icon}}</ref> *[[Robert Stone (panulis)|Robert Stone]], 77, panulis AS (''[[Dog Soldiers (novèl)|Dog Soldiers]]''), lelara paru-paru buntet kronis.<ref>[http://www.jsonline.com/entertainment/national/novelist-robert-stone-known-for-dog-soldiers-dies-at-77f6526d06638a47d79bd9c4be41679e5a-288161401.html Novelist Robert Stone, known for 'Dog Soldiers' dies at 77]</ref> *[[Denis Tsygurov]], 43, juru main hoki ès profèsional Ruslan ([[Buffalo Sabres]], [[Los Angeles Kings]]).<ref>[http://itar-tass.com/sport/1689770 Хоккеист Денис Цыгуров, сын известного тренера Геннадия Цыгурова, умер в возрасте 43 лет] {{ru icon}}</ref> *[[Roger Wosahlo]], 67, juru main bal-balan Inggris ([[Peterborough United F.C.|Peterborough]]), kanker.<ref>[http://www.twtd.co.uk/ipswich-town-news/26567/former-blue-wosahlo-dies Former Blue Wosahlo Dies]</ref> === 11 === *[[Jenő Buzánszky]], 89, juru main bal-balan Honggari ([[Dorogi FC]], [[tim nasional bal-balan Honggari]]), jawara Olimpiade (1952), anggota pungkasan Tim Emas sing isih ngurip nganti tilar donya ing taun 2015 iki.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://uk.news.yahoo.com/jeno-buzanszky-last-mighty-magyars-dies-89-205840093.html#Ig2id8X |title=Jeno Buzanszky, last of the Mighty Magyars, dies at 89 |access-date=2015-11-09 |archive-date=2015-01-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150112013320/https://uk.news.yahoo.com/jeno-buzanszky-last-mighty-magyars-dies-89-205840093.html#Ig2id8X |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Doriemus]], 24, jaran misuwur Sélandia Anyar, pamenang [[Melbourne Cup]] (1995), dieutanasi sawisé kacilakan.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.racingnetwork.com.au/champion-stayer-doriemus-dies/tabid/83/newsid/23529/default.aspx |title=Champion stayer Doriemus dies |access-date=2015-11-09 |archive-date=2015-01-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150114005958/https://www.racingnetwork.com.au/champion-stayer-doriemus-dies/tabid/83/newsid/23529/default.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Anita Ekberg]], 83, aktris Swèdhen-Italia (''[[La Dolce Vita]]'', ''[[Paris Holiday]]'', ''[[Back from Eternity]]'').<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://in.reuters.com/article/2015/01/11/italy-ekberg-obituary-idINKBN0KK0D920150111 |title=Legendary "La Dolce Vita" actress Anita Ekberg dies at 83 |access-date=2015-11-09 |archive-date=2015-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150111223722/http://in.reuters.com/article/2015/01/11/italy-ekberg-obituary-idINKBN0KK0D920150111 |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Chashi Nazrul Islam]], 73, prodhuser filem Bangladèsh (''[[Ora Egaro Jon]]'').<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://en.prothom-alo.com/bangladesh/news/57821/Chashi-Nazrul-Islam-passes-away |title=Chashi Nazrul Islam no more |access-date=2015-11-09 |archive-date=2015-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150111123059/http://en.prothom-alo.com/bangladesh/news/57821/Chashi-Nazrul-Islam-passes-away |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Chic Littlewood]], 84, pambiwara Sélandia Anyar kalairan Britania Raya lan aktor (''[[King Kong (2005 filem)|King Kong]]'', ''[[30 Days of Night (filem)|30 Days of Night]]'').<ref>[http://tvnz.co.nz/national-news/legendary-kiwi-entertainer-chic-littlewood-dies-6216985 Legendary Kiwi entertainer Chic Littlewood dies]{{Pranala mati|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> *[[Albert McPherson]], 87, juru main bal-balan Inggris ([[Walsall F.C.|Walsall]]) lan palatih ([[West Bromwich Albion F.C.|West Bromwich Albion]]).<ref>[https://uk.eurosport.yahoo.com/news/football-ex-baggies-coach-mcpherson-dies-155717024--sow.html Football - Ex-Baggies coach McPherson dies]</ref> *[[Vernon Benjamin Mountcastle]], 96, profèsor èmèritus AS ([[Johns Hopkins School of Medicine]]) lan ahli neurologi.<ref>[http://hub.jhu.edu/2015/01/13/vernon-mountcastle-obit Vernon Mountcastle, 'father of neuroscience' and longtime member of Johns Hopkins faculty, dies at 96]</ref> *[[Fritz Pott]], 75, juru main bal-balan Jerman lan palatih.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://world.news-round.com/died-at-the-age-of-75-years-fc-mourns-his-master-hero-fritz-pott/ |title=Died at the age of 75 years – FC mourns his master hero Fritz Pott |access-date=2015-11-09 |archive-date=2015-03-13 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20150313092448/http://world.news-round.com/died-at-the-age-of-75-years-fc-mourns-his-master-hero-fritz-pott/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Bruno Visintin]], 82, juru tinju Italia, pamenang medhali prunggu Olimpiade (1952).<ref>[http://www.quotidiano.net/boxe-morto-visintin-1.567571 Boxe in lutto, è morto Bruno Visintin. Epici i suoi due incontri con Duilio Loi] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151217205644/http://www.quotidiano.net/boxe-morto-visintin-1.567571 |date=2015-12-17 }} {{it icon}}</ref> *[[Ryszard Zub]], 80, juru main anggar Polen, medhali pirak Oliampiade (1956, 1960) lan prunggu(1964) medalist.<ref>[http://www.maestridischerma.it/content/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=317%3Ae-mancato-il-maestro-ryszard-zub&catid=51:necrologi&Itemid=99 E' mancato il Maestro Ryszard Zub] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150122201753/http://www.maestridischerma.it/content/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=317%3Ae-mancato-il-maestro-ryszard-zub&catid=51:necrologi&Itemid=99 |date=2015-01-22 }} {{it icon}}</ref> === 12 === *[[John Bayley (writer)|John Bayley]], 89, panulis lan kritikus sastra Britania.<ref>[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/11360441/John-Bayley.html John Bayley, scholar - obituary]</ref> *[[Bonnie Christensen]], 63, ilustrator lan panulis buku bocah AS, kanker ovaria garba.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://obituaries.wilsontimes.com/bonnie-christensen |title=Obituaries: Bonnie Christensen |access-date=2015-11-10 |archive-date=2015-02-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150201181320/http://obituaries.wilsontimes.com/bonnie-christensen |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Germán Cobos]], 87, aktor Spanyol.<ref>[http://www.costadigital.es/html/actualidad.php?id=11152 Fallece el actor Germán Cobos] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305044942/http://costadigital.es/html/actualidad.php?id=11152 |date=2016-03-05 }} {{es icon}}</ref> *[[Trevor Colbourn]], 87, tokoh pawiyatan lan akadèmis Australia, Présidèn [[Universitas Central Florida]] (1978–1989).<ref>[http://knightnews.com/2015/01/former-ucf-president-trevor-colbourn-dies-at-87/ Former UCF President Trevor Colbourn Dies at 87]</ref> *[[James Naanman Daman]], 58, rohaniawan Katulik Roma Nigéria, Biskop [[Jalingo]] (2000–2007) lan [[Shendam]] (since 2007).<ref>[http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bdamanjn.html Bishop James Naanman Daman, O.S.A. †]</ref> *[[Stephen Gold]], 58, wartawan komputer saka Britania Raya, komplikasi operasi jantung.<ref>[http://www.theregister.co.uk/2015/01/13/steve_gold_obit/ '80s hacker turned journo, IT crime ace Steve Gold logs off]</ref> *[[Robert Gover]], 85, panulis AS.<ref>[http://capegazette.villagesoup.com/p/j-robert-gover-literary-mentor/1292397 J. Robert Gover, literary mentor]</ref> *[[John Hill (désainer dolanan)|John Hill]], 69, désainer dolanan AS.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://honor.americanheart.org/site/TR?pg=fund&fr_id=1030&pxfid=273683 |title=American Heart Association honor page for John Hill |access-date=2015-11-10 |archive-date=2015-01-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150118075559/http://honor.americanheart.org/site/TR?pg=fund&fr_id=1030&pxfid=273683 |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Carl Long (bisbol)|Carl Long]], 79, juru main bisbol AS.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.witn.com/sports/headlines/Former-Negro-League-player-Carl-Long-dies-288338661.html |title=Former Negro League player Carl Long dies |access-date=2015-11-10 |archive-date=2015-01-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150113043721/http://www.witn.com/sports/headlines/Former-Negro-League-player-Carl-Long-dies-288338661.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[William C. Martel]], 59, ngèlmuwan pulitik AS, kanker.<ref>[http://www.currentobituary.com/ShowObit.aspx?id=150409&member_id=5 William C. Martel]</ref> *[[A. J. Masters]], 64, panulis lagu lan panyanyi AS, kanker prostat.<ref>[http://www.tennessean.com/story/entertainment/music/2015/01/13/songwriter-aj-masters-co-wrote-change-mind-dies/21713079/ Songwriter A.J. Masters, who co-wrote ‘Change My Mind,’ dies]</ref> *[[Paul Morgan (rugby)|Paul Morgan]], 40, juru main rugby union lan liga rugby Wales.<ref>[http://www.walesrugbyleague.co.uk/article/12741/rip-paul-morgan RIP Paul Morgan]</ref> *[[Elena Obraztsova]], 75, mezzo-soprano Ruslan.<ref>[http://slippedisc.com/2015/01/just-in-towering-russian-singer-has-died/ Just in: Towering Russian singer has died]</ref> *[[Alex Omes]], 43, imprèsario kauripan wengi AS, salah sijining pangadeg [[Ultra Music Festival]].<ref>[http://www.miamiherald.com/news/local/obituaries/article6352869.html Ultra co-founder, Miami nightlife fixture Alex Omes dies at 43]</ref> *[[Gabriel Ramushwana]], 73, Jèndral Afrika Kidul, Kepala nagara [[Venda]] (1990–1994), kanker usus.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.jacarandafm.com/post/former-army-general-dies/ |title=Former army general dies |access-date=2015-11-10 |archive-date=2015-01-15 |archive-url=https://archive.is/20150115054127/http://www.jacarandafm.com/post/former-army-general-dies/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Ed Skinner]], 78, pulitikus AS lan sarjanan kukum, anggota DPRD [[Iowa]] (1969–1973).<ref>[http://www.desmoinesregister.com/story/news/politics/2015/01/13/attorney-democratic-activist-ed-skinner-dies/21676459/ Former Iowa state lawmaker Ed Skinner dies]</ref> *[[Inge Vermeulen]], 30, juru main hoki lapangan Walanda, kalairan Brazilia, nglalu ([[Tim nasional wanita hoki lapangan Walanda]]), jawara Éropa (2009).<ref>[http://www.ad.nl/ad/nl/30820/WK-Hockey/article/detail/3828351/2015/01/12/Hockeyster-Inge-Vermeulen-30-overleden.dhtml Hockeyster Inge Vermeulen (30) overleden] {{Flagicon|Walanda}}</ref><ref>[http://www.volkskrant.nl/sport/respect-voor-een-niet-te-bevatten-keuze~a3874959/ Respect voor een niet te bevatten keuze. Zelfmoord van een hockeykeepster] {{Flagicon|Walanda}}</ref> *[[Darrell Winfield]], 85, fotomodèl lan koboi AS, ''[[Marlboro Man]]'' (1968–1989).<ref>[http://www.upi.com/Top_News/US/2015/01/14/Darrell-Hugh-Winfield-long-serving-Marlboro-Man-dies-at-85/3591421285839/ Darrell Hugh Winfield, long-serving Marlboro Man, dies at 85]</ref> === 13 === *[[Robert Boon]], 98, aktor AS kalairan Walanda (''[[Queen of Blood]], [[Verboten!]], [[The Twilight Zone (1959 TV series)|The Twilight Zone]]'').<ref>[http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/latimes/obituary.aspx?pid=173959033 Robert Boon]</ref> *[[Tony Ciprian]], 82, pambiwara ulah raga ing télévisi lan prodhuser télévisi Sélandia Anyar.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.3news.co.nz/nznews/veteran-sports-news-producer-tony-ciprian-dies-aged-82-2015011315 |title=Veteran sports news producer Tony Ciprian dies, aged 82 |access-date=2015-11-10 |archive-date=2015-02-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150207010311/http://www.3news.co.nz/nznews/veteran-sports-news-producer-tony-ciprian-dies-aged-82-2015011315 |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Doug Cunningham (bal-balan gagrag Amérikah Sarékat)|Doug Cunningham]], 69, juru main bal-balan gagrag AS ([[Ole Miss Rebels football|Ole Miss Rebels]], [[San Francisco 49ers]]).<ref>[http://www.clarionledger.com/story/olemisssports/2015/01/13/ole-miss-doug-cunningham-hall-of-famer-dies/21712441/ Hall of Famer, Ole Miss great Doug Cunningham dies]</ref> *[[Ralph Faudree]], 75, matématikawan AS.<ref>[http://www.commercialappeal.com/news/local-news/former-university-of-memphis-provost-ralph-faudree-dies_62464890 Former University of Memphis provost Ralph Faudree dies]</ref> *[[Frank Glazer]], 99, juru main piano lan komponis AS.<ref>[http://www.pressherald.com/2015/01/13/maine-pianist-frank-glazer-dies-at-99/ Pianist & composer Frank Glazer dies]</ref> *[[Jack Hayward|Sir Jack Hayward]], 91, pangusaha, pangembang properti lan tokoh filantropi Inggris, sing nduwé [[Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C.|Wolverhampton Wanderers]].<ref>[http://www.theguardian.com/football/2015/jan/13/jack-hayward-owner-passes-away-wolves Former Wolves owner Sir Jack Hayward dies in Fort Lauderdale aged 91]</ref> *[[Mark Juddery]], 43, panulis lan wartawan Australia, kanker.<ref>[http://www.canberratimes.com.au/act-news/canberra-author-mark-juddery-dead-20150113-12n5pw.html Canberra author Mark Juddery dead]</ref> *[[H. Wesley Kenney]], 89, American television director and producer (''[[General Hospital]], [[All in the Family]]'', ''[[The Young and the Restless]]''), cardiac arrest.<ref>[http://deadline.com/2015/01/h-wesley-kenney-dead-days-of-our-lives-all-in-the-family-1201350547 H. Wesley Kenney Dies; TV Producer & Director Of Soaps, ‘All In The Family’]</ref> *[[Mike Marqusee]], 61, panulis lan aktivis AS, myeloma multipel.<ref>[http://www.mikemarqusee.com/?p=1663 Mike Marqusee 1953-2015]</ref> *[[Frank Mazzola]], 79, aktor filem AS lan panyunting (''[[Rebel Without a Cause]]'', ''[[Casablanca (filem)|Casablanca]]'', ''[[The Hunchback of Notre Dame (filem 1939)|The Hunchback of Notre Dame]]'').<ref>[http://deadline.com/2015/01/frank-mazzola-dies-rebel-without-a-cause-actor-cassablanca-1201354867/ Frank Mazzola Dies: ‘Rebel Without A Cause’ Actor And Film Editor Was 79]</ref> *[[Hara Patnaik]], 56, aktor lan prodhuser filem India, kanker.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.iamin.in/en/cuttack/news/veteran-odia-actor-and-director-hara-patnaik-passes-away-50298 |title=Veteran Odia actor and director Hara Patnaik passes away |access-date=2015-11-10 |archive-date=2015-01-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150114005023/http://www.iamin.in/en/cuttack/news/veteran-odia-actor-and-director-hara-patnaik-passes-away-50298 |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Ronnie Ronalde]], 91, panyanyi Britania lan juru main peluit.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.islandfm.com/news/index.php?storyid=38891&s=6 |title=Ronnie Ronalde Passes Away |access-date=2015-11-10 |archive-date=2015-01-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150118213553/http://www.islandfm.com/news/index.php?storyid=38891&s=6 |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Isabel Rosado]], 107, tokoh kamardikan Puerto Rico ([[Parté Nasionalis Puerto Rico]]).<ref>[http://www.nydailynews.com/news/politics/mark-viverito-condolences-death-puerto-rican-activist-article-1.2077562 Mark-Viverito tweets condolences on death of Puerto Rican nationalist who did jail time]</ref> *[[John H. Rubel]], 94, èksèkutif èlèktronis ''pertahanan'' AS.<ref>[http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/santafenewmexican/obituary.aspx?pid=173867667 John H. Rubel Obituary]</ref> *[[Trevor Ward-Davies]], 70, juru main bas Britania ([[Dave Dee, Dozy, Beaky, Mick & Tich]]), cancer.<ref>[http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-wiltshire-30811311 Dozy, of Dave Dee, Dozy, Beaky, Mick and Tich, dies aged 70]</ref> *[[Bill Thompson (manager)|Bill Thompson]], 70, manajer talenta AS.<ref>[http://www.relix.com/news/detail/bill_thompson_manager_of_jefferson_airplane_jefferson_starship_and_hot_tuna_dies_at_70 Bill Thompson, Manager of Jefferson Airplane, Jefferson Starship and Hot Tuna, Dies at 70]</ref> *[[Robert White (Duta Agung)|Robert White]], 88, diplomat AS, Duta Agung kanggo Paraguay (1977–1980) lan El Salvador (1980–1981).<ref>[http://www.wsj.com/articles/former-ambassador-to-el-salvador-white-dies-at-88-1421280479 Former Ambassador to El Salvador White Dies at 88]</ref> *[[Jane Wilson]], 90, palukis AS.<ref>[http://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/20/arts/design/jane-wilson-artist-of-the-ethereal-dies-at-90.html?_r=0 Jane Wilson, Artist of the Ethereal, Dies at 90]</ref> *[[Keith Wright (pulitikus Australia)|Keith Wright]], 73, pulitikus Australia lan pamrakosa bocah sing dikukum, anggota parlemèn Australia kanggo Capricornia (1984–1993).<ref>[http://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-01-13/disgraced-former-labor-leader-keith-wright-dies-in-vietnam/6014558 Disgraced former Queensland Labor leader Keith Wright dies in Vietnam]</ref> *[[Hillel Zaks]], 85, Rabi Israèl kalairan Polen.<ref>[http://www.theyeshivaworld.com/news/boruch-dayan-emmes/280382/levaya-of-hagon-harav-hillel-zaks-zatzal-rosh-hayeshiva-knesses-hagedolah.html Levaya Of Hagon HaRav Hillel Zaks ZATZAL]</ref> === 14 === *[[Mordechai Shmuel Ashkenazi]], 71, Rabi Israèl.<ref>[http://www.chabad.org/news/article_cdo/aid/2829975/jewish/Under-Somber-Skies-in-Israèl-Rabbi-Mordechai-Shmuel-Ashkenazi-Laid-to-Rest.htm Under Somber Skies in Israèl, Rabbi Mordechai Shmuel Ashkenazi Laid to Rest]</ref> *[[Bob Boyd (baskèt)|Bob Boyd]], 84, palatih baskèt AS ([[USC Trojans men's basketball|USC Trojans]]).<ref>[http://espn.go.com/mens-college-basketball/story/_/id/12169158/former-usc-trojans-basketball-coach-bob-boyd-dies-84 Former USC coach Bob Boyd dies]</ref> *[[Jerry Dempsey]], 81, pulitikus AS, anggota DPRD [[Minnesota]] (1992–2006).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.caturia-smidtfh.com/fh/obituaries/obituary.cfm?o_id=2906065&fh_id=11330 |title=Jerome R. Dempsey (April 21, 1933 - January 14, 2015) |access-date=November 10, 2015 |archive-date=January 19, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150119065734/http://www.caturia-smidtfh.com/fh/obituaries/obituary.cfm?o_id=2906065&fh_id=11330 |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Lotte Hass]], 86, fotomodèl Ostenrik lan juru nyilem.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.divernet.com/home_diving_news/2722254/lotte_hass_dies.html |title=Lotte Hass dies |access-date=2015-11-10 |archive-date=2015-01-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150121153731/http://www.divernet.com/home_diving_news/2722254/lotte_hass_dies.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Val Holten]], 87, juru main krikèt Australia.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://cricketvictoria.com.au/news/article/vale-val-holten |title=Vale Val Holten |access-date=2015-11-10 |archive-date=2015-01-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150115061205/http://cricketvictoria.com.au/news/article/vale-val-holten |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Danny Malloy (juru main bal-balan)|Danny Malloy]], 84, juru main bal-balan Sekotlan ([[Cardiff City]], [[Dundee F.C.|Dundee]]).<ref>[http://www.walesonline.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/cardiff-city-promotion-winning-captain-8463031 Cardiff City promotion winning captain Danny Malloy dies, aged 84 - A tribute to say farewell to a Bluebirds legend]</ref> *[[Jerzy Holzer]], 84, sajarawan Polen.<ref>[http://wyborcza.pl/1,75478,17252144,Jerzy_Holzer_nie_zyje__Wybitny_historyk__dzialacz.html Jerzy Holzer nie żyje. Wybitny historyk, działacz opozycji. Miał 84 lata] {{pl icon}}</ref> *[[Susanto Pudjomartono]], 71, panyunting lan diplomat Indonésia, panyuntang utama kapindho ''[[The Jakarta Post]]'' (1991–2003), Duta Agung Indonésia ing Ruslan (2003–2008).<ref>[http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2015/01/14/former-editor-and-diplomat-susanto-pudjomartono-passes-away.html Former editor and diplomat Susanto Pudjomartono passes away]</ref> *[[Nélida Romero]], 88, aktris Argèntina.<ref>[http://www.ratingcero.com/notas/122982-murio-la-actriz-nelida-romero Murió la actriz Nélida Romero] {{es icon}}</ref> *[[Darren Shahlavi]], 42, aktor Inggris (''[[Night at the Museum]]'', ''[[Watchmen (filem)|Watchmen]]'', ''[[Ip Man 2]]'') lan ahli silat.<ref>[http://variety.com/2015/film/news/darren-shahlavi-dead-martial-artist-mortal-kombat-arrow-1201409852/ Darren Shahlavi, Martial Artist in ‘Mortal Kombat’ and ‘Arrow,’ Dies at 42]</ref> *[[Layne Tom Jr.]], 87, aktor AS ([[Charlie Chan|Charlie Chan series]]).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://hub.contactmusic.com/story/charlie-chan-actor-layne-tom-jr-dies_4580435 |title=Charlie Chan - Charlie Chan Actor Layne Tom Jr. Dies |access-date=2015-11-10 |archive-date=2015-02-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150212022117/http://hub.contactmusic.com/story/charlie-chan-actor-layne-tom-jr-dies_4580435 |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Warren Weinstein]], 73, ahli ékonomi AS, kontraktor [[USAID]] diculik déning [[al-Qaeda]], kena serangan ''drone''.<ref name=weinstein>http://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/24/world/asia/2-qaeda-hostages-were-accidentally-killed-in-us-raid-white-house-says.html</ref> *[[Zhang Wannian]], 86, Jèndral Tiongkok.<ref>[http://china.cankaoxiaoxi.com/roll10/2015/0114/628836.shtml 中央军委原副主席张万年病逝 终年87岁] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181009022011/http://china.cankaoxiaoxi.com/roll10/2015/0114/628836.shtml |date=2018-10-09 }} {{zh icon}}</ref> === 15 === *[[Jean-Claude Baker]], 71, wong sing nduwé rèstoran ing AS kalairan Prancis, nglalu.<ref>[http://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/16/nyregion/jean-claude-baker-a-restaurateur-dies-at-71.html Jean-Claude Baker, a Restaurateur, Dies at 71]</ref> *[[Ludmila Brožová-Polednová]], 93, jaksa Céko, sing mèlu pangadilan éthok-éthok [[Milada Horáková]].<ref>[http://www.novinky.cz/domaci/359700-zemrela-ludmila-brozova-polednova-prokuratorka-z-procesu-s-miladou-horakovou.html Zemřela Ludmila Brožová-Polednová, prokurátorka z procesu s Miladou Horákovou] {{cs icon}}</ref> *[[Arnaldo Calveyra]], 85, pujangga Argèntina lan panulis roman, serangan jantung.<ref>[http://www.telam.com.ar/notas/201501/92181-arnaldo-calveyra-muerte-paris.html Murió el escritor entrerriano Arnaldo Calveyra a los 85 años, en París] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150118013757/http://www.telam.com.ar/notas/201501/92181-arnaldo-calveyra-muerte-paris.html |date=2015-01-18 }} {{es icon}}</ref> *[[Eugene E. Covert]], 88, insinyur dirgantara AS.<ref>[http://newsoffice.mit.edu/2015/former-aeroastro-head-air-force-chief-scientist-eugene-covert-dies-0120 Former AeroAstro head and Air Force chief scientist Eugene Covert dies at 88]</ref> *[[Ervin Drake]], 95, panulis lagu AS ("[[It Was a Very Good Year]]", "[[I Believe (1953 song)|I Believe]]", "[[Good Morning Heartache]]"), kanker kandhung kemih.<ref>[http://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/music/ervin-drake-songwriter-of-it-was-a-very-good-year-dies-at-95/2015/01/15/a7e1cae6-9cec-11e4-a7ee-526210d665b4_story.html Ervin Drake, songwriter of ‘It Was a Very Good Year,’ dies at 95]</ref> *[[Kim Fowley]], 75, prodhuser musik AS, manajer band ([[The Runaways]]), imprésario lan musikus, kanker kandhung kemih.<ref>[http://variety.com/2015/music/news/kim-fowley-music-impresario-and-runaways-manager-dies-at-75-1201406514/ Kim Fowley, Music Impresario and Runaways Manager, Dies at 75]</ref> *[[Alan Hirschfield]], 79, èksèkutif filem AS, CEO [[Columbia Pictures]] (1973–1978), pangrèh [[20th Century Fox]] (1982–1986).<ref>[http://variety.com/2015/film/news/alan-hirschfield-former-columbia-chief-exec-dies-at-79-1201408596/ Alan Hirschfield, Former Columbia Chief Exec, Dies at 79]</ref> *[[Anwarul Iqbal]], 64, pulitikus Banggaladésa (Bangladèsh) lan pangrèh pulisi, gagal jantung.<ref>[http://www.prothom-alo.com/bangladesh/article/425161/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%95-%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B2-%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2-%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%87 সাবেক উপদেষ্টা আনোয়ারুল ইকবাল আর নেই] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151226173146/http://www.prothom-alo.com/bangladesh/article/425161/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%95-%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B2-%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2-%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%87 |date=2015-12-26 }} {{bn icon}}</ref> *[[Archibald Kennedy, 8th Marquess of Ailsa]], 58, priyayi Sekotlan, pangrèh turunan [[Klan Kennedy]].<ref>[http://www.cosca.scot/ A Sad Announcement]</ref> *[[Ethel Lang (supercentenarian)|Ethel Lang]], 114, ''supercentenarian'' Britania, wong tuwa dhéwé (wiwit taun 2013), wong Britania pungkasan sing lair nalika isih jumenengé [[Ratu Victoria]].<ref>[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/howaboutthat/11349879/Britains-oldest-person-Ethel-Lang-dies-aged-114.html Britain's oldest person Ethel Lang dies aged 114]</ref> *[[Karel Lichtnégl]], 78, juru main bal-balan Céko.<ref>[http://brnensky.denik.cz/fotbal_region/zemrel-byvaly-fotbalovy-reprezentant-karel-lichtnegl-bylo-mu-78-let-20150116-ye8.html Zemřel bývalý fotbalový reprezentant Karel Lichtnégl. Bylo mu 78 let] {{cs icon}}</ref> *[[Jean Lindenmann]], 90, ahli virus lan immunologi Switserlan, salah sawijining panemu [[interferon]].<ref>[http://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/23/us/jean-lindenmann-made-interferon-his-lifes-work-is-dead-at-90.html?_r=0 Jean Lindenmann, Who Made Interferon His Life’s Work, Is Dead at 90]</ref> *[[Rimma Markova]], 89, aktris Ruslan.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://russkiymir.ru/en/news/183644/ |title=A Quiet Farewell for Rimma Markova |access-date=2015-11-13 |archive-date=2015-02-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150216034559/http://russkiymir.ru/en/news/183644/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Ray Nagel]], 87, juru main bal-balan gagrag AS ([[UCLA Bruins football|UCLA Bruins]]) lan palatih ([[Utah Utes football|Utah Utes]], [[Iowa Hawkeyes football|Iowa Hawkeyes]]).<ref>[http://espn.go.com/college-football/story/_/id/12208552/former-iowa-hawkeyes-utah-utes-coach-ray-nagel-dies-87 Former coach Ray Nagel dies at 87]</ref> *[[Chikao Ōtsuka]], 85, aktor swara Jepang (''[[Lupin III]]'', ''[[Yu-Gi-Oh!]]'', ''[[One Piece]]''), lelara jantung.<ref>[http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2015-01-16/voice-actor-chikao-ohtsuka-passes-away/.83348 Voice Actor Chikao Ohtsuka Passes Away]</ref> *[[Raoul Pantin]], 71, wartawan lan panulis Trinidad, panulis skénario (''[[Bim]]''), pasintas [[Kudéta Jamaat al Muslimeen]].<ref>[http://latino.foxnews.com/latino/lifestyle/2015/01/15/renowned-trinidadian-poet-and-journalist-raoul-pantin-dies/ Renowned Trinidadian poet and journalist Raoul Pantin dies]</ref> *[[Robert S. Pirie]], 80, pangacara AS.<ref>[http://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/29/business/robert-pirie-corporate-lawyer-dies-at-80.html?ref=obituaries&_r=0 Robert Pirie, Corporate Lawyer, Dies at 80]</ref> *[[Ignacio Posada]], 79, juru main anggar olimpiade Kolombia.<ref>[http://www.coc.org.co/2015/01/16/el-coc-lamenta-el-fallecimiento-del-esgrimsita-olimpico-ignacio-posada/ El COC lamenta el fallecimiento del esgrimista olímpico Ignacio Posada] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150219014309/http://www.coc.org.co/2015/01/16/el-coc-lamenta-el-fallecimiento-del-esgrimsita-olimpico-ignacio-posada/ |date=2015-02-19 }} {{es icon}}</ref> *[[Harvey Sweetman]], 93, juru anggegana Perang Donya II Sélandia Anyar.<ref>[http://www.stuff.co.nz/national/65150139/wwii-raf-squadron-leader-dies WWII RAF squadron leader dies]</ref> *[[Rameshwar Thakur]], 88, pulitikus India, Gubernur [[Odisha]] (2004–2006), [[Andhra Pradesh]] (2006–2007) lan [[Karnataka]] (2007–2009).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://odishasamaya.com/news/former-odisha-governor-rameshwar-thakur-passes-away |title=Former Odisha Governor Rameshwar Thakur passes away |access-date=2015-11-13 |archive-date=2015-02-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150205232801/http://odishasamaya.com/news/former-odisha-governor-rameshwar-thakur-passes-away |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Walter Westbrook (seniman)|Walter Westbrook]], 93, seniman Afrika Kidul.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://arttimes.co.za/walter-westbrook-august-3-1921-january-15-2015/ |title=Walter Westbrook August 3, 1921 – January 15, 2015 |access-date=November 13, 2015 |archive-date=January 18, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150118225534/http://arttimes.co.za/walter-westbrook-august-3-1921-january-15-2015/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Bob Wilson (wartawan ulah raga)|Bob Wilson]], 85, wartawan ulah raga AS ([[Boston Bruins]]).<ref>[http://www.wcvb.com/news/bob-wilson-longtime-bruins-announcer-dies-at-85/30773938 Bob Wilson, longtime Bruins announcer, dies at 85]</ref> *[[Joseph Mukasa Zuza]], 59, rohaniawan Katulik Roma Malawi, Biskop [[Mzuzu]] (wiwit 1995), kacilakan lalu lintas.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.malawitoday.com/news/133134-bishop-joseph-zuza-mzuzu-dies-car-crash |title=Bishop Joseph Zuza of Mzuzu dies in a car crash |access-date=2015-11-13 |archive-date=2015-02-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150202205617/http://www.malawitoday.com/news/133134-bishop-joseph-zuza-mzuzu-dies-car-crash |url-status=dead }}</ref> === 16 === *[[Miriam Akavia]], 87, panulis Israèl.<ref>[http://www.dziennikpolski24.pl/artykul/3719942,miriam-akavia-19272015,id,t.html?cookie=1 Miriam Akavia (1927-2015)]</ref> *[[Ian Athfield|Sir Ian Athfield]], 74, arsitèk Sélandia Anyar.<ref>[http://www.stuff.co.nz/national/65111371/renowned-architect-sir-ian-athfield-dies-age-74 Renowned architect Sir Ian Athfield dies, aged 74]</ref> *[[Mohamed Olow Barrow]], pulitikus Somalia.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://goobjoog.com/english/?p=8866 |title=President Hassan attends the funeral of the former minister |access-date=2015-11-10 |archive-date=2015-01-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150118220417/http://goobjoog.com/english/?p=8866 |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Andrew Benson]], 97, ahli biologi AS.<ref>[http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/utsandiego/obituary.aspx?n=andrew-benson&pid=173956530 Andrew Benson]</ref> *[[Vivaldo Frota]], 86, pulitikus Brazilia, Gubernur [[Amazonas]] (1990–1991).<ref>[http://new.d24am.com/noticias/amazonas/morre-vivaldo-frota-governador-amazonas/127623 Morre Vivaldo Frota, ex-governador do Amazonas] {{pt icon}}</ref> *[[Ted Harrison]], 88, panglukis Kanadha kalairan Britania.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.vancouversun.com/Harrison+famous+paintings+Canadian+North+dies/10736027/story.html |title=Ted Harrison, famous for paintings of Canadian North, dies at 88 |access-date=2015-11-10 |archive-date=2016-03-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160327202355/http://www.vancouversun.com/Harrison+famous+paintings+Canadian+North+dies/10736027/story.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Pedro María Iguaran]], 74, juru main bal-balan Spanyol ([[Real Sociedad]]).<ref>[http://www.realsociedad.com/document/view/eus/169/183102/fallece-pello-iguaran-arandia Pello Iguaran Arandia hil da] {{es icon}}</ref> *[[Patrick Journoud]], 50, atlit Olimpiade Prancis ([[Athletics at the 1988 Summer Olympics|1988]]).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/jo/patrick-journoud-1.html |title=Patrick Journoud |access-date=2015-11-10 |archive-date=2012-12-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121218025603/http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/jo/patrick-journoud-1.html |url-status=dead}}</ref> *[[Stuart Loory]], 82, wartawan AS lan èksèkutif média ([[CNN]]), kanker paru-paru.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.wptv.com/news/national/stuart-loory-consummate-journalist-and-former-cnn-reporter-passes-away |title=Stuart Loory: 'Consummate' journalist and former CNN reporter passes away |access-date=2015-11-10 |archive-date=2015-02-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206212929/http://www.wptv.com/news/national/stuart-loory-consummate-journalist-and-former-cnn-reporter-passes-away |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Ray Lumpp]], 91, juru main baskèt AS ([[New York Knicks]]), juwara Olimpiade (1948).<ref>[http://www.foxsports.com/nba/story/new-york-knicks-olympian-ray-lumpp-dies-at-91-011615 Former Knicks player, US Olympian Lumpp dies at 91]</ref> *[[Luis Marsans]], 84, panglukis Spanyol.<ref>[http://www.lavanguardia.com/cultura/20150117/54423460861/luis-marsans.html Muere Luis Marsans] {{es icon}}</ref> *[[Louis Martin (weightlifter)|Louis Martin]], 78, juru angkat halter Britania katurunan Jamaika, medali pirak Olimpiade (1964) lan prunggu (1960).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.derbytelegraph.co.uk/Tributes-Derby-s-champion-weightlifter-hero-Louis/story-25885303-detail/story.html |title=Louis Martin: Tributes to Derby's champion weightlifter and hero |access-date=2015-11-10 |archive-date=2015-01-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150123071223/http://www.derbytelegraph.co.uk/Tributes-Derby-s-champion-weightlifter-hero-Louis/story-25885303-detail/story.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Ghelubhai Nayak]], 91, aktivis pulitik India.<ref>[http://deshgujarat.com/2015/01/16/father-figure-of-tribal-dang-region-of-gujarat-ghelubhai-nayak-passes-away/ Father figure of tribal Dang region of Gujarat Ghelubhai Nayak passes away]</ref> *[[Walter Peregoy]], 89, juru animasi AS (''[[The Jungle Book (filem taun 1967)|The Jungle Book]]'', ''[[Sleeping Beauty (filem taun 1959)|Sleeping Beauty]]'', ''[[Mary Poppins (filem)|Mary Poppins]]'', ''[[The Sword in the Stone (filem)|The Sword in the Stone]]'').<ref>[http://www.cartoonbrew.com/rip/walt-peregoy-101-dalmatians-color-stylist-rip-108028.html Walt Peregoy, ’101 Dalmatians’ Color Stylist, RIP]</ref> *[[Tony Ridler]], 59, juru main dart Wales.<ref>[http://www.southwalesargus.co.uk/news/gwentnews/10981950.Friends_and_family_pay_tribute_to_Newport_darts__genius_/ Friends and family pay tribute to Newport darts 'genius']</ref> *[[Faith Seidenberg]], 91, ahli kukum lan aktivis hak warga AS.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://law.syr.edu/news_events/news/syracuse-law-remembers-alumna-faith-seidenberg |title=Syracuse Law Remembers Alumna Faith Seidenberg |access-date=2015-11-10 |archive-date=2015-02-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206212802/https://law.syr.edu/news_events/news/syracuse-law-remembers-alumna-faith-seidenberg |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Yao Beina]], 33, panyanyi China, kanker payudara.<ref>[http://www.china.org.cn/arts/2015-01/16/content_34580238.htm Pop singer Yao Beina dies at 33]</ref> === 17 === *[[Bruno Ballarini]], 77, juru main bal-balan Italia ([[Calcio Como]]).<ref>[http://www.laprovinciadicomo.it/stories/Sport/addio-ballarini-il-capitano_1100092_11/ Addio Ballarini, il capitano] {{it icon}}</ref> *[[Joseph Brannigan]], 83, pulitikus AS, anggota Sénat [[Maine]] (2006–2012).<ref>[https://bangordailynews.com/2015/01/18/news/portland/former-state-legislator-joe-brannigan-dies-at-83/ Former state legislator Joe Brannigan dies at 83]</ref> *[[Ken Furphy]], 83, juru main bal-balan Inggris lan manajer ([[Watford F.C.|Watford]]).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.watfordfc.com/news/article/150119-watford-fc-ken-furphy-2213166.aspx |title=Ken Furphy Passes Away |access-date=2015-11-13 |archive-date=2015-01-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150123214645/http://www.watfordfc.com/news/article/150119-watford-fc-ken-furphy-2213166.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Gobinda Halder]], 84, panulis lagu lan komponis India, gagal ginjel.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.kollytalk.com/national/indian-lyricist-bangladesh-liberation-war-dies-210669.html |title=Indian lyricist of Bangladesh Liberation War dies |access-date=2015-11-13 |archive-date=2015-12-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151226014702/http://www.kollytalk.com/national/indian-lyricist-bangladesh-liberation-war-dies-210669.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Faten Hamama]], 83, aktris Mesir (''[[The Angel of Mercy (filem 1946)|The Angel of Mercy]]'', ''[[Wajh al-Qamar]]'').<ref>[http://english.alarabiya.net/en/life-style/entertainment/2015/01/17/DNPY-Egyptian-actress-Faten-Hamama-dies.html Iconic Egyptian actress Faten Hamama dies]</ref> *[[Don Harron]], 90, palawak, aktor lan panulis Kanadha (''[[Hee Haw]], [[The Big Revue]]''), kanker.<ref>[http://news.nationalpost.com/2015/01/17/don-harron-legendary-canadian-actor-who-played-charlie-farquharson-dies-at-90/ Don Harron, legendary Canadian actor who played Charlie Farquharson, dies at 90] {{Pranala mati|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> *[[Kazumasa Hirai (author)|Kazumasa Hirai]], 76, panulis manga Jepang (''[[8 Man]]'', ''[[Genma Taisen]]'', ''[[Wolf Guy]]'').<ref>[http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2015-01-17/genma-taisen-rebirth-writer-harmagedon-8-man-creator-kazumasa-hirai-passes-away/.83397 Genma Taisen Rebirth Writer: Harmagedon/8 Man Creator Kazumasa Hirai Passes Away]</ref> *[[Fritz C. Holte]], 89, ahli ékonomi Nurwègen.<ref>[https://snl.no/Fritz_Christian_Holte Fritz Christian Holte] {{no icon}}</ref> *[[Justin Kili]], 61, wartawan Papua Nugini lan tokoh média.<ref>[http://news.pngfacts.com/2015/01/one-of-pngs-pioneer-médhia-personality.html One of PNG's pioneer médhia personality Justin Kili passess on ]</ref> *[[Rebecca D. Lockhart]], 46, pulitikus AS, Pangrèh DPRD [[Utah]] (wiwit 2011), [[lelara Creutzfeldt-Jakob]].<ref>[http://www.sltrib.com/news/2068570-155/becky-lockhart-history-making-utah-lawmaker-dies Becky Lockhart, history-making Utah lawmaker, dies at 46]</ref> *[[Henry Manne]], 86, tokoh akadémi kukum lan ékonomi AS.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://leiterlawschool.typepad.com/leiter/2015/01/in-memoriam-henry-g-manne-1928-2015.html |title=In Memoriam: Henry G. Manne (1928-2015) |access-date=2015-11-13 |archive-date=2015-05-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150530010532/http://leiterlawschool.typepad.com/leiter/2015/01/in-memoriam-henry-g-manne-1928-2015.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Roderick McDonald (basketball)|Roderick McDonald]], 69, juru main baskèt AS ([[Utah Stars]]).<ref>[http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/mercurynews/obituary.aspx?pid=173948133 Roderick McDonald obituary]</ref> *[[Terence Miller]], 96, ahli paléontologi Britania Raya.<ref>[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/11374920/Professor-Terence-Miller-palaeontologist-obituary.html Professor Terence Miller, palaeontologist - obituary]</ref> *[[Origa]], 44, panyanyi Ruslan (''[[Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex]]''), kanker paru-paru.<ref>[http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2015-01-18/ghost-in-the-shell-singer-origa-passes-away/.83416 Ghost in the Shell Singer Origa Passes Away]</ref> *[[Mary Evelyn Parker]], 94, pulitikus AS, artaka Praja Louisiana (1968–1987), komplikasi serangan jantung.<ref>[http://www.wafb.com/story/27877168/first-woman-elected-as-louisiana-treasurer-dies-at-94 First woman elected as Louisiana treasurer dies at 94]</ref> *[[David E. Paulson]], 83, pulitikus AS, anggota [[Wisconsin State Assembly]] kanggo 28th District (1978–1986).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.williamsonwhite.com/fh/obituaries/obituary.cfm?o_id=2920618&fh_id=12166 |title=David Earl Paulson |access-date=2015-11-13 |archive-date=2015-12-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151227062245/http://www.williamsonwhite.com/fh/obituaries/obituary.cfm?o_id=2920618&fh_id=12166 |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Greg Plitt]], 37, palatih fitnès AS (''[[Work Out]]'') lan aktor (''[[Grudge Match (filem)|Grudge Match]]'', ''[[Terminator Salvation]]'', ''[[Bobby (filem 2006)|Bobby]]''), ketabrak sepur.<ref>[http://losangeles.cbslocal.com/2015/01/17/man-struck-killed-by-metrolink-train-in-burbank/ Reality TV Star Struck, Killed By Metrolink Train In Burbank]</ref> *[[Bill Sykes (pendhéta)|Bill Sykes]], 75, panulis lan pendhéta Inggris.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.univ.ox.ac.uk/Billsykes |title=Revd W. G. D. Sykes, MA, Fellow and Chaplain |access-date=2015-11-13 |archive-date=2015-01-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150123201120/http://www.univ.ox.ac.uk/Billsykes |url-status=dead }}</ref> === 18 === * [[Ang Kiem Soei]], 55, durjana Walanda kalairan Indonésia/Hindia Walanda, lan limang durjana liyané dièksékusi Pamaréntah Indonésia.<ref>[http://news.liputan6.com/read/2162546/ini-protes-pengacara-terpidana-mati-ang-kiem-soei Ini Protes Pengacara Terpidana Mati Ang Kiem Soei]</ref><ref>[http://www.nrc.nl/nieuws/2015/01/17/ang-kiem-soei-geexecuteerd Nederlander Ang geëxecuteerd in Indonesië - ambassadeur teruggeroepen]</ref> *[[Mohammad Ali Allahdadi]], 52, Jèndral Angkatan Dharat Iran, serangan udara.<ref>[http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-30882935 Iran general died in 'Israèli strike' in Syrian Golan]</ref> <!--B-->*[[Dorothy Barnes Pelote]], 85, pulitikus AS, anggota DPRD [[Georgia]] (1993–2003).<ref>[http://www.myfoxal.com/story/27880043/former-georgia-state-house-representative-dorothy-pelote-dies-at-85 Former Georgia State House Representative Dorothy Pelote dies at 85]</ref> *[[José Carrasco]], 70, pulitikus Péru.<ref>[http://www.larepublica.pe/16-01-2015/fallecio-jose-carrasco-tavara-ex-ministro-aprista Falleció José Carrasco Távara, ex ministro aprista] {{es icon}}</ref> *[[Vinay V. Deodhar]], 66, matématikawan India.<ref>[http://www.indiana.edu/~asnews/news-release/558.html Professor Vinay Deodhar dies at 66]</ref> *[[Maurice Dumas]], 87, pulitikus Kanadha, anggota Parlemèn Kanadha kanggo [[Argenteuil—Papineau—Mirabel]] (1993–2000).<ref>[http://www.fil-information.gouv.qc.ca/Pages/Article.aspx?aiguillage=ajd&type=1&idArticle=2301205722 Le Parti Québécois rend hommage à l'ex-député Maurice Dumas]{{Pranala mati|date=March 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} {{fr icon}}</ref> *[[Cynthia Layne]], 51, panyanyi Jazz Amérikah Sarékat, kanker.<ref>[http://www.indystar.com/story/entertainment/music/2015/01/19/cynthia-layne-indianapolis-jazz-kitchen-owl-records-super-bowl/21997893/ Vocalist Cynthia Layne remembered for talent, courage]</ref> *[[Grazia Livi]], 84, wartawan lan panulis Italia, pamenang [[Viareggio Prize]].<ref>[http://www.lastampa.it/2015/01/19/edizioni/alessandria/lutto-per-la-morte-di-grazia-livi-scrittrice-e-saggista-verr-sepolta-nel-paese-che-amava-CmJCkyhjEPwBYRtHQTGexO/pagina.html Lutto per la morte di Grazia Livi, scrittrice e saggista: verrà sepolta nel paese che amava] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150122151145/http://www.lastampa.it/2015/01/19/edizioni/alessandria/lutto-per-la-morte-di-grazia-livi-scrittrice-e-saggista-verr-sepolta-nel-paese-che-amava-CmJCkyhjEPwBYRtHQTGexO/pagina.html |date=2015-01-22 }} {{it icon}}</ref> *[[D. C. McNeil]], 87, pulitikus Kanadha.<ref>[http://thechronicleherald.ca/novascotia/1263790-dugger-mcneil-dies-after-%E2%80%98great-life%E2%80%99-on-the-ice-in-politics-and-in-business Dugger McNeil dies after ‘great life’ on the ice, in politics and in business]</ref> *[[Alberto Nisman]], 51, jaksa Argèntina ([[pangeboman AMIA]]), katoné nglalu déné témbakan gaman geni.<ref>[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/southamerica/argentina/11354521/Argentine-prosecutor-who-accused-Cristina-Kirchner-over-1994-bombings-found-dead.html Argentine prosecutor who accused Cristina Kirchner over 1994 bombings found dead]</ref> *[[Paul O'Grady (pulitikus)|Paul O'Grady]], 54, pulitikus Australia, anggota ''[[New South Wales Legislative Council]]'' (1988–1996), kanker.<ref>[http://www.smh.com.au/nsw/first-openly-gay-state-mp-paul-ogrady-dies-in-sydney-20150118-12sm40.html First openly gay state MP Paul O'Grady dies in Sydney]</ref> *[[Muna Obiekwe]], 36, aktor Nigéria, lelara ginjel.<ref>[http://allafrica.com/stories/201501200176.html Nigeria: Entertainers React to Death of Actor, Muna Obiekwe]</ref> *[[Pietro Pianta]], 74, juru main bal-balan Italia.<ref>[http://www.ansa.it/sito/notizie/sport/calcio/2015/01/19/e-morto-lex-portiere-pietro-pianta_30589d93-40aa-4327-9a60-4bcc1faa7522.html E' morto l'ex portiere Pietro Pianta] {{it icon}}</ref> *[[June Randall]], 87, pangawas skrip Britania (''[[The Spy Who Loved Me (filem)|The Spy Who Loved Me]]'', ''[[A Clockwork Orange (filem)|A Clockwork Orange]]'', ''[[The Shining (filem)|The Shining]]'').<ref>[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/11441807/June-Randall-script-supervisor-obituary.html June Randall, script supervisor - obituary]</ref> *[[Piet van der Sanden]], 90, pulitikus Walanda, anggota [[Parlemèn Walanda]] (1971–1972, 1973–1989), anggota [[Parlemèn Éropa]] (1973–1974).<ref>[http://www.parlement.com/id/vjqqhw8i5fs6/nieuws/voormalig_kvp_en_cda_tweede_kamerlid Voormalig KVP- en CDA-Tweede Kamerlid Piet van der Sanden overleden] {{nl icon}}</ref> *[[Milt Schoon]], 92, juru main baskèt AS ([[Sheboygan Red Skins]]).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.walworthcountytoday.com/20150121/milton_w_schoon_janesville_wi_1922_2015 |title=Milton W. Schoon, Janesville, WI (1922-2015) |access-date=2015-11-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150205012216/http://www.walworthcountytoday.com/20150121/milton_w_schoon_janesville_wi_1922_2015 |archive-date=2015-02-05 |url-status=dead}}</ref> *[[Harish Chandra Srivastava]], 90, pulitikus India.<ref>[http://indianexpress.com/article/india/politics/senior-bjp-leader-harish-chandra-srivastava-passes-away/ Senior BJP leader Harish Chandra Srivastava passes away]</ref> *[[Yasuaki Taiho]], 51, juru main bisbol Jepang kalairan Taiwan ([[Chunichi Dragons]], [[Hanshin Tigers]]), léukémia myeloid akut.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://mainichi.jp/english/english/newsselect/news/20150120p2g00m0sp023000c.html |title=Taiwanese-born ballplayer Taiho dies of leukemia at age 51 |access-date=2015-11-13 |archive-date=2015-01-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150120044448/http://mainichi.jp/english/english/newsselect/news/20150120p2g00m0sp023000c.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Dallas Taylor (juru main drum)|Dallas Taylor]], 66, juru main drum AS ([[Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young]]).<ref>[http://variety.com/2015/music/news/dallas-taylor-former-crosby-stills-nash-young-drummer-dies-at-66-1201408369/# Dallas Taylor, Former Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young Drummer, Dies at 66]</ref> *[[Christine Valmy]], 88, ahli kosmètika AS kalairan Rumania.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.romania-insider.com/romania-born-cosmetics-queen-christine-valmy-dies-at-88/139966/ |title=Romania-born “Cosmetics Queen” Christine Valmy dies at 88 |access-date=2015-11-13 |archive-date=2015-01-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150121055902/http://www.romania-insider.com/romania-born-cosmetics-queen-christine-valmy-dies-at-88/139966/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Tony Verna]], 81, prodhuser télévisi AS, panemu ''[[instant replay]]'', léukemia.<ref>[http://losangeles.cbslocal.com/2015/01/18/tony-verna-inventor-of-instant-replay-dies-at-81/ Tony Verna, Inventor Of Instant Replay, Dies At 81]</ref> *[[Kjell Arnljot Wig]], 90, tokoh média Nurwègen.<ref>[http://www.vg.no/rampelys/tv/nrk/kjell-arnljot-wig-er-doed/a/23376678/ Kjell Arnljot Wig er død] {{no icon}}</ref> === 19 === *[[John Bilezikjian]], 66, musikus ''[[oud]]'' Arménia, lelara ginjel.<ref>[http://www.latimes.com/local/obituaries/la-me-john-bilezikjian-20150128-story.html Musician John Bilezikjian dies at 66; master of the Middle Eastern oud]</ref> *[[Rose Marie Brown]], 95, kontèstan putri ayu kacantikan AS, [[Miss Virginia]] (1939).<ref>[http://www.suffolknewsherald.com/2015/01/26/former-miss-virginia-from-suffolk-dies/ Former Miss Virginia from Suffolk dies]</ref> *[[Justin Capră]], 81, panemu Rumania.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ctvnews.ca/sci-tech/romanian-who-claimed-to-invent-world-s-first-jetpack-dies-1.2197150 |title=Romanian who claimed to invent world's first jetpack dies |access-date=2015-11-13 |archive-date=2023-04-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230425211316/https://www.ctvnews.ca/sci-tech/romanian-who-claimed-to-invent-world-s-first-jetpack-dies-1.2197150 |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Gordon Dickson (atlit)|Gordon Dickson]], 83, ulah ragawan layu maraton Kanadha.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.obitsforlife.com/obituary/1036193/Dickson-Gordon.php |title=Gordon Dickson Obituary |access-date=2015-11-13 |archive-date=2015-02-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150203141337/http://www.obitsforlife.com/obituary/1036193/Dickson-Gordon.php |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Adam Yahiye Gadahn]], 36, tokoh [[al-Qaeda]] AS, serangan drone.<ref>[http://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/24/world/asia/2-qaeda-hostages-were-accidentally-killed-in-us-raid-white-house-says.html Obama Apologizes After Drone Kills American and Italian Held by Al Qaeda]</ref> *[[Vera Gornostayeva]], 85, juru main lan guru piano Ruslan.<ref>[http://slippedisc.com/2015/01/eminent-russian-piano-teacher-has-died/ Eminent Russian piano teacher has died]</ref> *[[Michel Guimond]], 61, pulitikus Kanadha, anggota parlemèn kanggo [[Montmorency—Charlevoix—Haute-Côte-Nord]] (1993–2011), heart failure.<ref>[http://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/michel-guimond-ex-bloc-mp-dies-of-heart-failure-at-61-1.2918085 Michel Guimond, ex-Bloc MP, dies of heart failure at 61]</ref> *[[José María Hernández González]], 88, rohaniawan Katulik Roma Mèksiko, Biskop [[Chilapa]] (1983–1989) lan [[Netzahualcóyotl]] (1989–2003).<ref>[http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bhego.html Bishop José María Hernández González]</ref> *[[Oscar Hayes]], 47, musikus gospèl AS.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://praise1027detroit.hellobeautiful.com/549878/home-going-service-details-for-pastor-oscar-hayes/ |title=Home-going Service Details for Pastor Oscar Hayes |access-date=2015-11-13 |archive-date=2015-04-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150413054127/http://praise1027detroit.hellobeautiful.com/549878/home-going-service-details-for-pastor-oscar-hayes/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Arthit Kamlang-ek]], 89, Jèndral Thailand, [[List of Commanders of the Royal Thai Armed Forces Headquarters|Supreme Commander]] of the [[Royal Thai Armed Forces]] (1983–1986).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.nationmultimedia.com/breakingnews/Former-Army-chief-Gen-Arthit-dies-at-89-30252171.html |title=Former Army chief Gen Arthit dies at 89 |access-date=2015-11-13 |archive-date=2015-01-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150121171548/http://www.nationmultimedia.com/breakingnews/Former-Army-chief-Gen-Arthit-dies-at-89-30252171.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Vladimir Kesarev]], 84, juru main bal-balan Ruslan ([[FC Dynamo Moscow|Dynamo Moscow]]).<ref>[http://www.rusteam.permian.ru/players/kesarev.html Владимир КЕСАРЕВ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200116114216/http://www.rusteam.permian.ru/players/kesarev.html |date=2020-01-16 }} {{ru icon}}</ref> *[[Anne Kirkbride]], 60, aktris Britania Raya (''[[Coronation Street]]''), kanker payudara.<ref>[http://www.itv.com/coronationstreet/news/anne-kirkbride Anne Kirkbride]</ref> *[[Rajni Kothari]], 85, ngèlmuwan pulitik India.<ref>[http://netindian.in/news/2015/01/19/00032268/eminent-political-scientist-rajni-kothari-passes-away Eminent political scientist Rajni Kothari passes away]</ref> *[[Robert Manzon]], 97, pambalap Formula One Prancis, pasintas pungkasan Kajawaran Kapisan Formula One.<ref>[http://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-01-20/robert-manzon-last-racer-from-formula-ones-debut-season-dies/6026686 Formula One: French driver Robert Manzon, the last of the racers from F1's first season in 1950, dies at 97]</ref> *[[Mark Marquess (hoki ès)|Mark Marquess]], 89, juru main hoki ès Kanadha ([[Boston Bruins]]).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.telfordschapel.com/runtime.php?NavigatorId=162955&SiteId=33377&ItemId=2034563 |title=Mark Marquess' Obituary |access-date=2015-11-13 |archive-date=2015-02-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206033921/http://www.telfordschapel.com/runtime.php?NavigatorId=162955&SiteId=33377&ItemId=2034563 |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Reinaldo Oliver]], 82, ulah ragawan balang tumbak Puèrto Riko lan atlit olimpiade (1952, 1956).<ref>[http://www.primerahora.com/deportes/otros/nota/falleceelliderdeportivoreynaldopochioliver-1060069/ Fallece el líder deportivo Reynaldo “Pochi” Oliver] {{es icon}}</ref> *[[Karl H. Pribram]], 95, tokoh pawiyatan lan ahli néurologi AS kalairan Ostenrik, kanker.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.karlpribram.com/karl-pribram-1919-2015/ |title=Karl Pribram 1919-2015 |access-date=2015-11-13 |archive-date=2015-02-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150201191224/http://www.karlpribram.com/karl-pribram-1919-2015/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Bob Sadino]], pangusaha Indonésia.<ref>[http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2015/01/20/eccentric-entrepreneur-bob-sadino-dies-75.html Eccentric entrepreneur Bob Sadino dies at 81]</ref> *[[Ward Swingle]], 87, musikus AS ([[The Swingle Singers]], [[Les Double Six]]).<ref>[http://slippedisc.com/2015/01/the-founding-swingle-singer-has-died/ Sad news: The founding Swingle Singer has died]</ref> *[[Bob Symes]], 90, panemu lan pambiwara Britania Raya.<ref>[http://grahammuz.com/2015/01/19/rip-bob-symes-1924-2015/ RIP Bob Symes 1924 – 2015]</ref> *[[Reies Tijerina]], 88, aktivis ''[[chicano]]'' AS.<ref>[http://www.latimes.com/local/obituaries/la-me-reies-lopez-tijerina-20150123-story.html Reies Lopez Tijerina dies at 88; Chicano rights movement leader]</ref> *[[Gene S. Walker, Sr.]], 88, pangusaha AS lan wong sing nduwé paternakan.<ref>[http://www.lmtonline.com/front-news/article_505aa17c-a0dd-11e4-a4b0-8bc85872181d.html Well-known rancher Gene S. Walker Sr. has died]</ref> *[[Peter Wallenberg, Sr.]], 88, bankir lan industrialis Swèdhen, batrik [[Kulawarga Wallenberg]].<ref>[http://www.latimes.com/local/obituaries/la-me-peter-wallenberg-20150120-story.html Peter Wallenberg dies at 88; head of dynasty compared to Rockefellers]</ref> === 20 === *[[Canserbero]], 26, musikus rap Vènèzuéla, nglalu déné mencolot.<ref>[http://www.latinpost.com/articles/32881/20150120/ak-canserbero-dead-rapper-tirone-gonz%C3%A1lez-cause-death-reportedly-suicide.htm AK Canserbero Dead: Rapper Tirone González Cause of Death Reportedly Suicide Following Alleged Murder of Zion TPL Bassist]</ref> *[[James L. Fowler]], 84, vètèran militèr AS, sing ngedegaké [[Marine Corps Marathon]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.marinecorpstimes.com/story/military/2015/01/22/james-fowler-marine-corps-marathon-founder-dies/22161061/ |title=Colonel behind Marine Corps Marathon dies |access-date=2015-11-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150329003222/http://www.marinecorpstimes.com/story/military/2015/01/22/james-fowler-marine-corps-marathon-founder-dies/22161061/ |archive-date=2015-03-29 |url-status=dead}}</ref> *[[Edgar Froese]], 70, musikus Jerman ([[Tangerine Dream]]), embolisme paru-paru.<ref>[http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/6450793/tangerine-dream-edgar-froese-dies Tangerine Dream Founder Edgar Froese Dead at 70]</ref> *[[Melvin Gordon (pangusaha)|Melvin Gordon]], 95, èksèkutif bisnis AS, CEO [[Tootsie Roll Industries]] (wiwit 1962).<ref>[http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2015-01-21/tootsie-roll-s-95-year-old-ceo-dies-his-wife-takes-the-reins.html Tootsie Roll's 95-Year-Old CEO Dies; His Wife Takes Reins]</ref> *[[Lawrence Hogben]], 98, prawira angkatan sagara lan ahli météorologi Sélandia Anyar.<ref>[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/11449835/Lawrence-Hogben-D-Day-meteorologist-obituary.html Lawrence Hogben obituary]</ref> *[[Anatol Hrytskievich]], 85, sajarawan Bélarus.<ref>[http://www.svaboda.org/content/article/26804308.html Памёр Анатоль Грыцкевіч] {{be icon}}</ref> *[[Graeme Hugo]], 68, ahli démografi lan géografi Australia, kanker.<ref>[http://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-01-20/graeme-hugo-demographer-and-academic-dies-aged-68/6028850 Graeme Hugo, distinguished demographer and academic, dies aged 68]</ref> *[[Herman E. Lauhoff]], 81, pulitikus AS, anggota DPRD [[Texas]] (1974&ndash;1981).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://obits.dignitymemorial.com/dignity-memorial/obituary.aspx?n=Herman-Lauhoff&lc=7469&pid=173936158&mid=6290656 |title=Herman Lauhoff Obituary |access-date=2015-11-13 |archive-date=2016-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303220918/http://obits.dignitymemorial.com/dignity-memorial/obituary.aspx?n=Herman-Lauhoff&lc=7469&pid=173936158&mid=6290656 |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Rose Marie McCoy]], 92, panulis AS ("[[It Hurts Me to My Heart]]", "[[Don't Be Angry]]", "[[Tryin' to Get to You]]", "[[It's Gonna Work Out Fine]]").<ref>[http://www.news-gazette.com/obituaries/2015-01-29/rose-mccoy.html Rose McCoy]</ref> *[[Gloria D. Miklowitz]], 87, panulis AS.<ref>[http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/latimes/obituary.aspx?pid=173959040 Gloria D. Miklowitz]</ref> *[[Wilfride Piollet]], 71, juru main balèt lan ahli koréografi Prancis, kanker.<ref>[http://www.lemonde.fr/disparitions/article/2015/01/27/mort-de-wilfride-piollet-etoile-de-l-opera-de-paris_4564630_3382.html Mort de Wilfride Piollet, étoile de l’Opéra de Paris] {{fr icon}}</ref> *[[Peter Pontiac]], 63, juru gambar kartun Walanda, pamenang [[Stripschapprijs]] (1997), lelara lèver.<ref>[http://nos.nl/artikel/2014501-striptekenaar-peter-pontiac-overleden.html Striptekenaar Peter Pontiac overleden] {{nl icon}}</ref> *[[Bette Rogge]], 92, pambiwara radio lan télévisi AS.<ref>[http://www.daytondailynews.com/news/news/local/radio-and-tv-pioneer-rogge-has-died/njsZ2/ Local radio and TV pioneer dies]</ref> *[[William Roffler]], 84, juru main bal-balan gagrag AS ([[Philadelphia Eagles]]), pnéumonia.<ref>[http://www.sfgate.com/sports/article/Former-WSU-star-William-Roffler-dies-at-84-6030702.php Former WSU star William Roffler dies at 84]</ref> *[[Hitoshi Saito]], 54, judoka Jepang, jawara Olimpiade (1984, 1988), kanker saluran empedhu.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://mainichi.jp/english/english/newsselect/news/20150120p2g00m0sp057000c.html |title=Two-time Olympic judo champion Saito dies at age 54 |access-date=2015-11-13 |archive-date=2015-01-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150123000051/http://mainichi.jp/english/english/newsselect/news/20150120p2g00m0sp057000c.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Ricardo dos Santos]], 24, juru main selancar Brazilia, ditémbak.<ref>[http://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-30909626 Shock as Brazilian surfer Ricardo dos Santos shot dead]</ref> *[[Jerome Van Sistine]], 89, pulitikus AS, anggota Sénat [[Wisconsin]] (1977–1993).<ref>[http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/greenbaypressgazette/obituary.aspx?n=jerome-vansistine&pid=173918300&fhid=14146 Jerome VanSistine]</ref> *[[James Walker (panulis)|James Walker]], 41, panulis télévisi Australia (''[[Neighbours]]''), diabétes.<ref>[http://tenplay.com.au/channel-eleven/neighbours/show-news/james-walker James Walker]</ref> === 21 === *[[George Atkins (juru main bal-balan Amérikah Sarékat)|George Atkins]], 82, juru main bal-balan gagrag AS ([[Detroit Lions]]).<ref>[http://obits.al.com/obituaries/birmingham/obituary.aspx?pid=173947403 George Arthur Atkins]</ref> *[[Marcus Borg]], 72, ahli Alkitab lan téologi AS (''[[Jesus Seminar]]''), fibrosis idiopatik paru-paru.<ref>[http://www.religionnews.com/2015/01/22/marcus-borg-leading-liberal-theologian-historical-jesus-expert-dies-72/ Marcus Borg, leading liberal theologian and historical Jesus expert, dies at 72]</ref> *[[Leon Brittan]], 75, pulitikus Britania, ''Mantri Dalam Negeri'' (1983–1985), Wakil Présidèn Komisi Éropa (1999), kanker.<ref>[http://www.itv.com/news/update/2015-01-22/lord-brittan-former-home-secretary-dies-aged-75/ Former Home Secretary Lord Brittan dies aged 75]</ref> *[[Vince Camuto]], 78, désainer alas sikil AS ([[Nine West]]), kanker prostat.<ref>[http://www.eonline.com/news/617178/legendary-footwear-designer-vince-camuto-dies-at-78 Legendary Footwear Designer Vince Camuto Dies at 78]</ref> *[[Emmanuel Carter]], 85, pulitikus Trinidad, Présidèn Sénat (1990–1995), Présidèn pamangku kalungguhan (1990) nalika [[Kudéta Jamaat al Muslimeen]].<ref>[http://www.newsday.co.tt/news/0,205904.html Former Acting President Carter dies at 85]</ref> *[[Frieda Dänzer]], 84, juru main ski Alpen Switserlan, pamenang medali pirak Olimpiade (1956).<ref>[http://www.bernerzeitung.ch/region/thun/Sie-war-ein-Skistar-der-fruehen-Jahre/story/18385906 Sie war ein Skistar der frühen Jahre] {{de icon}}</ref> *[[George W. Downs (ahli pulitik)|George W. Downs]], 68, ngèlmuwan pulitik AS, gagal jantung.<ref>[http://politics.as.nyu.edu/docs/CP/1286/Remembering_George_Downs_1946-2015.pdf Remembering George Downs, 1946-2015]</ref> *[[George Goodwin (wartawan)|George Goodwin]], 97, wartawan AS, pamenang [[Bebungah Pulitzer]] (1948).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://saportareport.com/blog/2015/01/george-goodwin-prize-winning-journalist-and-dean-of-atlantas-image-boosters-passes-away/comment-page-1/ |title=George Goodwin, Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist and dean of Atlanta’s PR industry, passes away |access-date=2015-11-13 |archive-date=2015-01-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150122110659/http://saportareport.com/blog/2015/01/george-goodwin-prize-winning-journalist-and-dean-of-atlantas-image-boosters-passes-away/comment-page-1/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Harry Gordon (wartawan)|Harry Gordon]], 89, sajarawan Olimpiade Australia, wartawan lan panyunting koran.<ref>[http://www.theage.com.au/victoria/journalist-harry-gordon-dies-aged-89-20150122-12vmda.html Journalist Harry Gordon dies, aged 89]</ref> *[[Martin Honeysett]], 71, panganggit kartun Britania.<ref>[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/11363017/Martin-Honeysett-cartoonist-obituary.html Martin Honeysett, cartoonist - obituary]</ref> *[[Frank Hooley]], 91, pulitik Britania Raya, anggota parlemèn kanggo [[Sheffield Heeley]] (1966–1970, 1974–1983).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.bmdsonline.co.uk/birmingham-mail/obituary/hooley-frank/40577432 |title=HOOLEY Frank Obituary |access-date=2015-11-13 |archive-date=2015-09-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923192638/http://www.bmdsonline.co.uk/birmingham-mail/obituary/hooley-frank/40577432 |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Waldemar Kmentt]], 85, ahli ténor Ostenrik.<ref>[http://slippedisc.com/2015/01/vienna-mourns-a-stalwart-tenor/ Vienna mourns a stalwart tenor]</ref> *[[Roy Noble Lee]], 99, kakim AS, Kakim Agung Mahkamah Agung [[Mississippi]] (1987–1993).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.wjtv.com/story/27908348/former-supreme-court-chief-justice-roy-noble-lee-passes |title=Former Supreme Court Chief Justice Roy Noble Lee Passes |access-date=2015-11-13 |archive-date=2015-01-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150122101835/http://www.wjtv.com/story/27908348/former-supreme-court-chief-justice-roy-noble-lee-passes |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Johnnie Lewis]], 68, pangacara lan pulitikus Libéria, Kakim Agung Libéria (2006–2012).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://monroviainquirer.com/2015/01/22/former-chief-justice-johnnie-lewis-is-dead/ |title=Former Chief Justice Johnnie Lewis Is Dead |access-date=2015-11-13 |archive-date=2015-01-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150122180900/http://monroviainquirer.com/2015/01/22/former-chief-justice-johnnie-lewis-is-dead/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Kemal Monteno]], 66, panyanyi Bosnia, pnéumonia lan sèpsis.<ref>[http://www.sarajevotimes.com/kemal-monteno-famous-singer-died/ Kemal Monteno, a Famous Singer, Died]</ref> *[[Keith Rayner (ahli psikologi)|Keith Rayner]], 71, ahli psikologi kognitif AS.<ref>[http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/saltlaketribune/obituary.aspx?pid=173989313 Keith Rayner]</ref> *[[Marshall Schlom]], 86, pangawas skrip AS (''[[Psycho (1960 filem)|Psycho]]'', ''[[Perry Mason]]'', ''[[Rain Man]]''), komplikasi amarga tiba.<ref>[http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/marshall-schlom-dead-script-supervisor-767301 Marshall Schlom, Script Supervisor for Hitchcock, Kramer and Nichols, Dies at 86]</ref> *[[Chin Shunshin]], 90, panulis Jepang.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/english/news/20150121_36.html |title=Japanese novelist Chin Shunshin dies |access-date=2015-11-13 |archive-date=2015-01-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150128115418/http://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/english/news/20150121_36.html |url-status=dead}}</ref> *[[Pauline Yates]], 85, aktris Inggris (''[[The Fall and Rise of Reginald Perrin]]'').<ref>[http://www.chortle.co.uk/news/2015/01/22/21692/pauline_yates,_aka_mrs_reggie_perrin,_dies_at_85 Pauline Yates, aka Mrs Reggie Perrin, dies at 85]</ref> === 22=== *[[Don Bryant (bisbol)|Don Bryant]], 73, juru main bisbol AS ([[Houston Astros]]).<ref>[http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/timesunion/obituary.aspx?n=donald-ray-bear-bryant&pid=173993022&fhid=5743 Donald Bryant obituary]</ref> *[[Peggy Charren]], 86, aktivis TV bocah AS.<ref>[https://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2015/01/22/peggy-charren-cofounder-action-for-children-television-was-awarded-presidential-medal-freedom/fsk3iyiNmmLlcWgW30DW7M/story.html Peggy Charren, children’s TV pioneer, dies at 86]</ref> *[[Wendell H. Ford]], 90, pulitikus AS, Gubernur [[Kentucky]] (1971–1974), anggota [[U.S. Senate]] (1974–1999), kanker paru-paru.<ref>[http://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/23/us/politics/wendell-h-ford-kentucky-governor-and-senator-dies-at-90.html?_r=0 Wendell H. Ford, Kentucky Governor and Senator, Dies at 90]</ref> *[[Margaret Bloy Graham]], 94, ilustrator buku bocah Kanadha.<ref>[http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/bostonglobe/obituary.aspx?pid=173945907 MARGARET BLOY GRAHAM]</ref> *[[Joan Hinde]], 81, juru main trompèt lan panglipur Inggris.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.midhurstandpetworth.co.uk/news/local/britain-s-first-lady-of-the-trumpet-passes-away-in-chichester-1-6540256 |title=Britain’s First Lady of the Trumpet passes away in Chichester |access-date=2015-11-13 |archive-date=2015-01-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150128133042/http://www.midhurstandpetworth.co.uk/news/local/britain-s-first-lady-of-the-trumpet-passes-away-in-chichester-1-6540256 |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[René Jodoin]], 94, prodhuser lan sutradara animasi Kanadha.<ref>[http://www.animationmagazine.net/people/nfb-french-animation-founder-rene-jodoin-dies/ NFB French Animation Founder René Jodoin Dies]</ref> *[[Tommy Mason]], 75, juru main bal-balan gagrag AS ([[Minnesota Vikings]], [[Los Angeles Rams]]).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.mynews3.com/content/news/story/Vikings-first-draft-pick-Mason-dies/wv7bX6hd20aNJu_TPza-kg.cspx |title=Vikings' first draft pick Mason dies |access-date=2015-11-13 |archive-date=2015-01-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150123021057/http://www.mynews3.com/content/news/story/Vikings-first-draft-pick-Mason-dies/wv7bX6hd20aNJu_TPza-kg.cspx |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Fabrizio de Miranda]], 88, insinyur yasan Italia lan profèsor universitas.<ref>[http://www.ilsecoloxix.it/p/genova/2015/01/23/ARie2HHD-milano_miranda_sopraelevata.shtml Addio al papà della Sopraelevata, morto a Milano De Miranda] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117025638/http://www.ilsecoloxix.it/p/genova/2015/01/23/ARie2HHD-milano_miranda_sopraelevata.shtml |date=2015-11-17 }} {{it icon}}</ref> *[[Franco Nicolazzi]], 90, pulitikus Italia, anggota Parlemèn Italia (1963–1990), Sékretaris Parté Démokratis Sosialis Italia (1985–1988).<ref>[http://www.ansa.it/sito/notizie/politica/2015/01/22/morto-ex-ministro-franco-nicolazzi-fu-segretario-del-psdi-_c02a8a1b-b8cc-4835-8856-69967f59566d.html Morto ex ministro Franco Nicolazzi, fu segretario del Psdi] {{it icon}}</ref> *[[Kel O'Shea]], 81, juru main liga rugbi Australia ([[Western Suburbs Magpies|Western Suburbs]]).<ref>[http://www.couriermail.com.au/sport/nrl/kangaroos-great-kel-oshea-who-linked-with-norm-provan-is-mourned/story-fniabjcr-1227195046095 Kangaroos great Kel O'Shea mourned]</ref> *[[Wayne Quinton]], 94, insinyur biomédis AS.<ref>[http://seattletimes.com/html/obituaries/2025624240_quintonobitxml.html Wayne Quinton, UW’s ‘father of bioengineering,’ dies at 94]</ref> *[[Dacia Valent]], 51, pulitikus Italia kalairan Somalia, anggota Parlemèn Éropa (1989–1994), gagal jantung.<ref>[http://www.ansa.it/sito/notizie/cronaca/2015/01/26/dacia-valent_1dd38db9-1c0d-47e9-a68d-f10697bb713d.html Morta Dacia Valent, dalle battaglie antirazziste al carcere] {{it icon}}</ref> *[[Lawrence Paul Zatkoff]], 75, jaksa féderal AS, kanker.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.thealpenanews.com/page/content.detail/id/781447/Port-Huron-federal-Judge-Lawrence-Zatkoff-dies-at-age-75.html?isap=1&nav=5012 |title=Port Huron federal Judge Lawrence Zatkoff dies at age 75 |access-date=2015-11-13 |archive-date=2015-02-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206211450/http://www.thealpenanews.com/page/content.detail/id/781447/Port-Huron-federal-Judge-Lawrence-Zatkoff-dies-at-age-75.html?isap=1&nav=5012 |url-status=dead }}</ref> === 23 === * [[Abdullah saka Saudi Arabia|Raja Abdullah]] saka [[Saudi Arabia]], 90, Raja wiwit taun 2005, komplikasi pnéumonia.<ref>[http://www.cnn.com/2015/01/22/middleeast/saudi-arabia-king-abdullah-dies/index.html Saudi Arabia's 'reformer' King Abdullah dies]</ref> *[[Ernie Banks]], 83, juru main bisbol AS ([[Chicago Cubs]]), serangan jantung.<ref>[http://www.mercurynews.com/sports/ci_27383742/mr-cub-ernie-banks-dies-at-83 'Mr. Cub' Ernie Banks dies at 83]</ref> *[[Jalynn Bennett]], 71, konsultan lan diréktur korporat Kanadha.<ref>[http://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/jalynn-bennett-pioneering-female-executive-dies-at-71/article22636608/ Jalynn Bennett, pioneering female executive, dies at 71]</ref> *[[Betty Jane Diener]], 74, pulitikus AS, Mantri Perdagangan Virginia (1982–1986), fibrosis paru-paru.<ref>[http://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obituaries/betty-jane-diener-blunt-virginia-secretary-of-commerce-in-1980s-dies/2015/02/17/6976cac4-b621-11e4-a200-c008a01a6692_story.html Betty Jane Diener, blunt Virginia secretary of commerce in 1980s, dies]</ref> *[[Marc Dufour]], 73, juru main hoki ès Kanadha ([[New York Rangers]], [[Los Angeles Kings]]).<ref>[http://www.richardphilibert.ca/blog-single.php?id=1685 Dufour, M. Marc] {{fr icon}}</ref> *[[Prosper Ego]], 87, aktivis Walanda, pangadeg [[Oud-Strijders Legioen]].<ref>[http://www.refoportaal.nl/nieuws/details/15305/OSL-oprichter_P.J.G.A._Ego_overleden/ OSL-oprichter P.J.G.A. Ego overleden] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304001350/http://www.refoportaal.nl/nieuws/details/15305/OSL-oprichter_P.J.G.A._Ego_overleden/ |date=2016-03-04 }} {{nl icon}}</ref> *[[Nol Heijerman]], 74, juru main bal-balan Walanda ([[Sparta Rotterdam|Sparta]]).<ref>[http://www.ad.nl/ad/nl/1434/Sparta-Rotterdam/article/detail/3836758/2015/01/24/Beatle-van-Sparta-Nol-Heijerman-overleden.dhtml 'Beatle van Sparta' Nol Heijerman overleden] {{nl icon}}</ref> *[[Simma Holt]], 92, wartawan lan pulitikus Kanadha, anggota DPRD [[Vancouver Kingsway]] (1974–1979).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.theepochtimes.com/n3/1219255-i-was-born-to-care-the-legendary-simma-holt-dies-at-92/ |title=‘I was born to care': The Legendary Simma Holt Dies at 92 |access-date=2015-11-13 |archive-date=2015-07-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150727161258/http://www.theepochtimes.com/n3/1219255-i-was-born-to-care-the-legendary-simma-holt-dies-at-92/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Barrie Ingham]], 82, aktris Inggris (''[[The Great Mouse Detective]]'', ''[[Doctor Who]]'', ''[[A Challenge for Robin Hood]]'').<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.palmbeachpost.com/news/events/performing-arts/barrie-ingham-actor-and-voice-of-great-mouse-detec/njwfS/ |title=Barrie Ingham, actor and voice of ‘Great Mouse Detective,’ dies at 83 |access-date=2015-11-13 |archive-date=2015-02-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150215112727/http://www.palmbeachpost.com/news/events/performing-arts/barrie-ingham-actor-and-voice-of-great-mouse-detec/njwfS/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Nick Koback]], 79, juru main bisbol AS ([[Pittsburgh Pirates]]).<ref>[http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/hartfordcourant/obituary.aspx?n=Nicholas-N-Koback&pid=173964694 Nicholas N. Koback obituary]</ref> *[[Svein Døvle Larssen]], 86, panyunting koran Nurwègen.<ref>[http://www.tb.no/Redakt_rlegende_er_d_d-5-76-21492.html Redaktørlegende er død] {{no icon}}</ref> *[[Alexander Lastin]], 38, ''grandmaster'' catur Ruslan.<ref>[http://chess-news.ru/en/node/17945 Alexander Lastin Has Passed Away]</ref> *[[Pedro Lemebel]], 62, panulis Chile, kanker telak.<ref>[http://www.newyorker.com/books/page-turner/surreal-end-unforgettable-queen-pedro-lemebel-1952-2015 A Surreal End for an Unforgettable Queen: Pedro Lemebel, 1952-2015]</ref> *[[Les McMahon]], 84, pulitikus Australia, anggota DPR [[Australia]] kanggo [[Sydney]] (1975&ndash;1983).<ref>[http://parlinfo.aph.gov.au/parlInfo/search/display/display.w3p;adv=yes;orderBy=customrank;page=0;query=james%20mcmahon;rec=1;resCount=Default CONDOLENCES: McMahon, Mr James Leslie (Les)]</ref> *[[Bud Miller]], 91, pulitikus Kanadha, anggota DPRD [[Alberta]] (1971–1986).<ref>[http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/edmontonjournal/obituary.aspx?pid=173979561 James "Bud" MILLER Notice]</ref> *[[M. S. Narayana]], 63, aktor Telugu filem India.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.25cineframes.com/official-death-news-m-s-narayana-garu-passes-away-he-is-no-more.html |title=Official Death News : M S Narayana Garu passes away he is no more |access-date=2015-11-13 |archive-date=2016-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303220049/http://www.25cineframes.com/official-death-news-m-s-narayana-garu-passes-away-he-is-no-more.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Jackie Selebi]], 64, prawira pulisi Afrika Kidul, Komisaris Pulisi (2000–2009), lelara ginjel.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/01/23/us-safrica-selebi-idUSKBN0KW10F20150123 |title=Disgraced former South Africa police chief Selebi dies |access-date=2015-11-13 |archive-date=2015-01-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150123211607/http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/01/23/us-safrica-selebi-idUSKBN0KW10F20150123 |url-status=dead}}</ref> *[[Frank Sims]], 93, pambiwara bisbol AS.<ref>[http://obits.ocregister.com/obituaries/orangecounty/obituary.aspx?n=frank-j-sims&pid=174013101&eid=sp_ommatch&eid=sp_ommatch FRANK J. SIMS]</ref> === 24 === *[[Stig Bergling]], 77, prawira dines intèlijèn Swèdhen sing didakwa olèhé cidra; lelara Parkinson lan paru-paru.<ref>[http://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/stig-bergling-spy-who-gave-the-soviets-thousands-of-documents-and-made-an-escape-which-caused-a-scandal-in-sweden-10014831.html Stig Bergling: Spy who gave the Soviets thousands of documents and made an escape which caused a scandal in Sweden]</ref> *[[Robert Bonnaventure]], 94, juru balap pit Prancis.<ref>[http://veloquercy.over-blog.com/article-deces-de-robert-bonnaventure-125431601.html Décès de Robert Bonnaventure] {{fr icon}}</ref> *[[Peter Bridges (pastur)|Peter Bridges]], 89, pastur Anglikan Britania, Dékan Agung Southend (1972–1977), Coventry (1977–1983) and Warwick (1983–1990). *[[Link Byfield]], 63, panulis kolom Kanadha aliran konservatif, pulitikus lan pambabar, kanker lèver lan gulu.<ref>[http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/edmonton/link-byfield-columnist-politician-and-publisher-dead-at-63-1.2931321 Link Byfield, columnist, politician and publisher, dead at 63]</ref> *[[Julio Canessa]], 89, pulitikus lan Jèndral Chile, anggota Pamaréntah Junta Chile (1983–1985), Sénator (1998–2006).<ref>[http://www.24horas.cl/nacional/fallece-julio-canessa-miembro-de-la-junta-militar-y-senador-designado-1565661 Fallece Julio Canessa, miembro de la Junta Militar y senador designado] {{es icon}}</ref> *[[Otto Carius]], 92, pamimpir tank Jerman nalika Perang Donya II.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://ftr.wot-news.com/2015/01/24/otto-carius-passed-away/ |title=Otto Carius Passed Away |access-date=2015-11-14 |archive-date=2015-01-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150126224430/http://ftr.wot-news.com/2015/01/24/otto-carius-passed-away/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Maria Cerra]], 96, juru main anggar AS ([[Olimpiade Mangsa Panas 1948]]).<ref>[http://www.northjersey.com/news/maria-cerra-tishman-olympic-fencer-and-teacher-in-oakland-dies-at-96-1.1259376 Maria Cerra Tishman, Olympic fencer and teacher in Oakland, dies at 96]</ref> *[[Aisha Choudhary]], panulis lan pawicara motivasional India.<ref>[http://indianexpress.com/article/lifestyle/books/pendrive-remembering-aisha-chaudhary/ Pendrive Remembering Aisha Chaudhary]</ref> *[[Toller Cranston]], 65, juru main sekat Kanadha, pamenang medali prunggu Olimpiade (Olimpiade Mangsa Atis 1976), serangan jantung.<ref>[http://www.thestar.com/sports/2015/01/24/toller-cranston-figure-skating-legend-dies-in-mexico-at-age-65.html Toller Cranston, figure skating legend, dies in Mexico at age 65]</ref> *[[Maria Della Costa]], 89, aktris Brazilia (''[[Brasileiras e Brasileiros]]''), edema paru-paru.<ref>[http://g1.globo.com/jornal-nacional/noticia/2015/01/atriz-maria-della-costa-morre-aos-89-anos-no-rio.html Atriz Maria Della Costa morre aos 89 anos no Rio] {{pt icon}}</ref> *[[Floyd Dunn]], 90, insinyur listrik AS.<ref>[http://www.news-gazette.com/obituaries/2015-01-28/floyd-dunn.html Floyd Dunn]</ref> *[[Johan Ferner]], 87, palaut Nurwègen, pamenang medali pirak (1952).<ref>[http://news.yahoo.com/1952-olympic-silver-medalist-ferner-dies-114340824.html 1952 Olympic silver medalist Ferner dies]</ref> *[[Eric Fitzgibbon]], 78, pulitikus Australia, anggota Parlemèn Australia kanggo Hunter (1984–1996).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.theherald.com.au/story/2838598/tributes-for-former-hunter-mp-eric-fitzgibbon/ |title=Tributes for former Hunter MP Eric Fitzgibbon, dead at 78 |access-date=2015-11-14 |archive-date=2015-08-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150807083217/http://www.theherald.com.au/story/2838598/tributes-for-former-hunter-mp-eric-fitzgibbon/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Joe Franklin]], 88, pambiwara radio lan TV AS, kanker prostat.<ref>[http://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/joe-franklin-dead-88-article-1.2090911 Joe Franklin 'King of Nostalgia' dead at 88]</ref> *[[Sir David Graaff, 3rd Baronet]], 74, pangusaha anggur (minuman) Afrika Kidul.<ref>[http://www.wine.co.za/news/news.aspx?NEWSID=26193 Sir David Graaff owner of De Grendel: RIP]</ref> *[[Muhammad Ibrahim Habsade]], 62, pulitikus lan prajurit ngraman Somalia, diabétes.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.garoweonline.com/page/show/post/1546/somalia-federal-mp-dies-in-mogadishu |title=Somalia: Federal MP dies in Mogadishu |access-date=2015-11-14 |archive-date=2015-09-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924044753/http://www.garoweonline.com/page/show/post/1546/somalia-federal-mp-dies-in-mogadishu |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Frances Lennon]], 102, artis Britania.<ref>[http://www.messengernewspapers.co.uk/news/11759286.Frances_Lennon___popular_and_prolific_Trafford_artist_dies/ Frances Lennon - popular and prolific Trafford artist dies]</ref> *[[V. S. Raghavan]], 90, aktor Tamil India.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.kollytalk.com/cinenews/veteran-actor-vs-raghavan-passes-away-90-214350.html |title=Veteran actor VS Raghavan passes away at 90 |access-date=2015-11-14 |archive-date=2016-02-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160226042254/http://www.kollytalk.com/cinenews/veteran-actor-vs-raghavan-passes-away-90-214350.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Alfred H. Savage]], 84, pagawé nagara Kananda, manajer [[Toronto Transit Commission]] (1981–1987).<ref>[http://www.thestar.com/news/gta/2015/01/29/obituary-former-ttc-chief-alfred-savage-launched-the-scarborough-rt.html Obituary Former TTC chief Alfred Savage launched the Scarborough RT]</ref> *[[Joan Serra]], 87, juru main polo banyu Olimpiade Spanyol (1948, 1952).<ref>[http://www.mundodeportivo.com/20150124/waterpolo/fallece-joan-serra-portero-espanol-en-los-jjoo-de-londres-48-y-helsinki-52_54424771817.html Fallece Joan Serra, portero español en los JJOO de Londres'48 y Helsinki'52] {{es icon}}</ref> *[[Fred Shank]], 74, ahli nutrisi AS.<ref>[http://obits.dignitymemorial.com/dignity-memorial/obituary.aspx?n=Fred-Shank&lc=7535&pid=173988339&mid=6297917 In Memory of Fred Ross Shank II]{{Pranala mati|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> *[[Daniel R. Simpson]], 87, pulitikus AS, anggota DPRD lan Sénat [[North Carolina]], pikun.<ref>[http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/newsobserver/obituary.aspx?pid=173964185 Dan Simpson Obituary]</ref> *[[Peter Westervelt]], 95, fisikawan AS.<ref>[http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/providence/obituary-preview.aspx?n=peter-westervelt&pid=174067145&referrer=519 Peter Westervelt Obituary]</ref> *[[Tengku Intan Zaharah]], 86, bangsawan Malaysia, [[Raja Permaisuri Agong]] (1965–1970).<ref>[http://www.bernama.com/bernama/v7/bm/ge/newsgeneral.php?id=1103551 Tengku Ampuan Tua Terengganu Tengku Intan Zaharah Mangkat] {{ms icon}}</ref> === 25 === *[[Zulkifli Abdhir]], 48-49, téroris lan wong nggawé bom saka Malaysia, ditémbak.<ref>[http://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/wanted-al-qaeda-linked-islamist-believed-dead-philippines-raid-fbi-n300116 Wanted Al Qaeda-Linked Islamist Believed Dead in Philippines Raid: FBI]</ref> *[[Robert Atkinson (businessman)|Sir Robert Atkinson]], 98, pangusaha Britania lan prawira angkatan sagara.<ref>[http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/opinion/obituaries/article4338737.ece Sir Robert Atkinson]</ref> *[[Rose Cabat]], 100, ahli keramik studio AS.<ref>[http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/tucson/obituary.aspx?pid=173992736 Rose Cabat Obituary]</ref> *[[Mari Ellis]], 101, panulis Britania lan aktivis hak-hak wanita.<ref>[http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/mari-ellis-writer-who-worked-for-the-new-wales-union-and-championed-womens-rights-10109209.html Mari Ellis: Writer who worked for the New Wales Union and championed women’s rights]</ref> *[[Pauline Fisk]], 66, panulis Britania, kanker.<ref>[http://www.theguardian.com/books/2015/feb/26/pauline-fisk Pauline Fisk obituary]</ref> *[[Demetrio González]], 87, aktor Mèksiko kalairan Spanyol (''[[Dos Corazones y un Cielo]]'') lan panyanyi, komplikasi setruk.<ref>[http://www.aztecanoticias.com.mx/notas/entretenimiento/211518/muere-demetrio-gonzalez-el-charro-espanol Muere Demetrio González "El Charro Español"] {{es icon}}</ref> *[[Pierre Gosnat]], 66, pulitikus Prancis, kanker.<ref>[http://www.leparisien.fr/diaporama/en-images-ivry-l-adieu-a-pierre-gosnat-31-01-2015-4495363.php?pic=2#contTitre EN IMAGES. Ivry : l'adieu à Pierre Gosnat] {{fr icon}}</ref> *[[Godfrey Kalimugogo]], 71, panulis Uganda.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.monitor.co.ug/OpEd/OpEdColumnists/MuniiniMulera/Kalimugogo-inspired-us-in-life--challenges-us-in-death/-/878676/2603016/-/cat7nez/-/index.html |title=Kalimugogo inspired us in life, challenges us in death |access-date=2015-11-14 |archive-date=2015-02-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206211729/http://www.monitor.co.ug/OpEd/OpEdColumnists/MuniiniMulera/Kalimugogo-inspired-us-in-life--challenges-us-in-death/-/878676/2603016/-/cat7nez/-/index.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[John Leggett]], 97, panulis AS, direktur [[Iowa Writers' Workshop]], pneumonia.<ref>[http://www.latimes.com/local/obituaries/la-me-john-leggett-20150201-story.html John 'Jack' Leggett, mentor of emerging authors, dies at 97]</ref> *[[Giancarlo Ligabue]], 83, ahli paléontologi Italia (panemu [[Ligabueino]]), pangusaha lan pulitikus [[Forza Europa]].<ref>[http://www.rainews.it/dl/rainews/articoli/Addio-a-Giancarlo-Ligabue-Venezia-piange-il-celebre-imprenditore-e-paleontologo-488ca869-af8e-4b83-80d1-4a43d2beccbd.html Addio a giancarlo ligabue: venezia piange il celebre imprenditore e paleontologo] {{it icon}}</ref> *[[Sarojini Mahishi]], 88, pulitikus lan juru alihbasa India.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/karnataka/Ex-Union-Minister-Sarojini-Mahishi-Passes-Away/2015/01/26/article2637280.ece |title=Ex-Union Minister Sarojini Mahishi Passes Away |access-date=2015-11-14 |archive-date=2016-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304142026/http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/karnataka/Ex-Union-Minister-Sarojini-Mahishi-Passes-Away/2015/01/26/article2637280.ece |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Richard McBrien]], 78, pastur lan ahli téologi Katulik Roma saka AS.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://ncronline.org/news/people/fr-richard-mcbrien-theologian-has-died |title=Fr. Richard McBrien, theologian, has died |access-date=2015-11-14 |archive-date=2015-01-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150127193830/http://ncronline.org/news/people/fr-richard-mcbrien-theologian-has-died |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Bill Monbouquette]], 78, juru main bisbol AS ([[Boston Red Sox]]).<ref>[http://www.bostonglobe.com/sports/2015/01/26/former-red-sox-pitcher-ben-monbouquette-dies/sXeMPgSs04iSUOdFEyz75O/story.html Former Red Sox pitcher Bill Monbouquette dies at 78]</ref> *[[Don O'Hearn]], 86, juru main ès hoki Kanadha.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.stcatharinesstandard.ca/2015/01/27/sports-community-mourns-loss-of-nip-ohearn |title=Sports community mourns loss of Nip O'Hearn |access-date=2015-11-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150213031239/http://www.stcatharinesstandard.ca/2015/01/27/sports-community-mourns-loss-of-nip-ohearn |archive-date=2015-02-13 |url-status=dead}}</ref> *[[Demis Roussos]], 68, panyanyi Yunani kalairan Mesir ("[[Forever and Ever (lagu Demis Roussos)|Forever and Ever]]").<ref>[http://greece.greekreporter.com/2015/01/26/famous-greek-singer-demis-roussos-dies-dead/ Famous Greek Singer Demis Roussos Dies at 68]</ref> *[[Ian Towers]], 74, juru main bal-balan Inggris ([[Burnley F.C.|Burnley]], [[Oldham Athletic]]).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.burnleyexpress.net/news/local/ex-claret-ian-towers-dies-1-7071177 |title=Ex Claret Ian Towers dies |access-date=2015-11-14 |archive-date=2015-02-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206212549/http://www.burnleyexpress.net/news/local/ex-claret-ian-towers-dies-1-7071177 |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Ernst Träger]], 88, kakim Jerman.<ref>[http://www.bundesverfassungsgericht.de/SharedDocs/Pressemitteilungen/DE/2015/bvg15-006.html Der ehemalige Richter des Bundesverfassungsgerichts Ernst Träger ist verstorben] {{de icon}}</ref> === 26 === *[[R. J. Adams]], 72, aktor AS (''[[Rocky IV]]'').<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://radioinsight.com/community/topic/bob-shannon-has-died/ |title=Bob Shannon has died |access-date=2015-11-14 |archive-date=2015-04-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150414000154/http://radioinsight.com/community/topic/bob-shannon-has-died/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Henk Bloemers]], 69, juru main bal-balan Walanda ([[FC Eindhoven]]).<ref>[http://www.ed.nl/sport/voetbal/fc-eindhoven/mister-evv-henk-bloemers-69-overleden-1.4733602 'Mister EVV' Henk Bloemers (69) overleden] {{nl icon}}</ref> *[[Miguel Ángel Cascallana]], 66, juru main bal tangan Olimpiade Spanyol (1972).<ref>[http://www.larazon.es/detalle_normal/noticias/8549768/deportes+balonmano/fallece-el-ex-internacional-de-balonmano-miguel-angel-cascallana#.Ttt18gXiXhCa9Si Fallece el ex internacional de balonmano Miguel Ángel Cascallana] {{es icon}}</ref> *[[Edwin A. Colvin]], 87, pulitikus AS, anggota DPRD [[Vermont]] (1975–1982).<ref>[http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/rutlandherald/obituary.aspx?page=lifestory&pid=173990386 Edwin Colvin Obituary]</ref> *[[Cleven "Goodie" Goudeau]], 83, seniman kartu ucapan AS.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.contracostatimes.com/news/ci_27395442/vallejos-art-icon-goodie-goudeau-dies-at-84 |title=Vallejo's art icon Goodie Goudeau dies at 83 |access-date=2015-11-14 |archive-date=2015-02-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206225828/http://www.contracostatimes.com/news/ci_27395442/vallejos-art-icon-goodie-goudeau-dies-at-84 |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Howard C. Hawkins]], 82, produsèn piranti pit AS ([[Park Tool]]).<ref>[http://www.twincities.com/localnews/ci_27405034/twin-cities-bike-repair-pioneer-howard-hawkins-dies Twin Cities bike repair pioneer Howard Hawkins dies at 82]</ref> *[[Stephen R. Johnson]], 63, sutradara TV lan vidéo klip AS ("[[Sledgehammer (lagu Peter Gabriel)|Sledgehammer]]").<ref>[http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/nytimes/obituary.aspx?pid=174043763 Stephen R. Johnson Obituary]</ref> *[[Begum Kulsum Saifullah Khan]], 91, pangusaha lan pulitikus Pakistan.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.thenews.com.pk/Todays-News-2-298378-Begum-Kulsum-Saifullah-passes-away |title=Begum Kulsum Saifullah passes away |access-date=2015-11-14 |archive-date=2015-10-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151028071648/http://www.thenews.com.pk/Todays-News-2-298378-Begum-Kulsum-Saifullah-passes-away |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[R. K. Laxman]], 93, ahli gambar kartun India, ilustrator lan humoris, gagal sawetara organ awak.<ref>[http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Eminent-cartoonist-RK-Laxman-dies-at-94/articleshow/46021781.cms Eminent cartoonist RK Laxman dies at 94]</ref> *[[Neil Levang]], 83, musikus AS (''[[The Lawrence Welk Show]]'').<ref>[http://www.vintageguitar.com/20094/noted-guitarist-neil-levang-passes/ Noted Guitarist Neil LeVang Passes]</ref> *[[Lucjan Lis]], 64, pambalap pit Polen, pamenang medali pirak Olimpiade (1972).<ref>[http://sport.wp.pl/kat,1848,title,Nie-zyje-legenda-polskiego-kolarstwa,wid,17213700,wiadomosc.html?ticaid=1143e6 Nie żyje legenda polskiego kolarstwa] {{pl icon}}</ref> *[[Lester McCumbers]], 93, juru main piyul AS.<ref>[http://www.newsandsentinel.com/page/content.detail/id/603642/Lester-Virgil-McCumbers.html?nav=5062 Lester Virgil McCumbers]</ref> *[[Sidewalk Sam]], 75, seniman AS.<ref>[http://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2015/01/27/sidewalk-sam-boston-street-artist-robert-guillemin-created-murals-and-magic-city-walkways/4rjhqwEvn8BbUtMW4VLT7K/story.html Sidewalk Sam, artist who turned streets into canvas, dies at 75]</ref> *[[Lee Spick]], 34, juru main ''snooker'' Inggris, lelara lèver.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.sportinglife.com/snooker/news/article/663/9681483/snookers-lee-spick-dies-aged-34 |title=Snooker's Spick dies, aged 34 |access-date=2015-11-14 |archive-date=2015-01-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150129050122/http://www.sportinglife.com/snooker/news/article/663/9681483/snookers-lee-spick-dies-aged-34 |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Charles Thomas (athlete)|Charles Thomas]], 82, atlit lumayu AS lan palatih atlètik.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.texassports.com/news/2015/1/28/XC_TF_0128150814.aspx |title=Former Longhorn great Thomas passes away |access-date=2015-11-14 |archive-date=2015-09-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150929134820/http://texassports.com/news/2015/1/28/XC_TF_0128150814.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Tom Uren]], 93, pulitikus Australia, anggota Parlemèn Australia kanggo [[Reid]] (1958–1990).<ref>[http://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-01-26/tom-uren-former-whitlam-minister-dead/6046340 Former Whitlam minister and deputy Labor leader Tom Uren dies aged 93]</ref> *[[Rositsa Yanakieva]], 60, pulitikus lan kimiawan Bulgaria, wakil pangrèh Parlemèn Bulgaria (wiwit 2014), weton getih sajeroning polo.<ref>[http://www.novinite.com/view_news.php?id=166161 Bulgaria Deputy Parliament Speaker Dies Aged 60]</ref> === 27 === *[[Wilfred Agbonavbare]], 48, juru main bal-balan Nigéria ([[Rayo Vallecano]], [[Tim nasional bal-balan Nigéria]]), kanker.<ref>[http://futbol.as.com/futbol/2015/01/27/primera/1422351508_840231.html Fallece Wilfred Agbonavbare, el exportero del Rayo Vallecano] {{es icon}}</ref> *[[Rafael Corrales Ayala]], 89, pulitikus Mèksiko, anggota parlemèn [[Guanajuato]] (1949–1952, 1979–1982), Gubernur Guanajuato (1985–1991).<ref>[http://www.am.com.mx/leon/local/fallece-rafael-corrales-ayala-176423.html Fallece Rafael Corrales Ayala] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206222257/http://www.am.com.mx/leon/local/fallece-rafael-corrales-ayala-176423.html |date=2015-02-06 }} {{es icon}}</ref> *[[Rocky Bridges]], 87, juru main bisbol AS ([[Cincinnati Reds]], [[Minnesota Twins|Washington Senators]]).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://m.spokesman.com/stories/2015/jan/29/rocky-bridges-career-baseball-man-dies-coeur-dalen/ |title=Former Dodger, Rocky Bridges, dies in Coeur d’Alene |access-date=2015-11-14 |archive-date=2015-02-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150202041808/http://m.spokesman.com/stories/2015/jan/29/rocky-bridges-career-baseball-man-dies-coeur-dalen/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Harriet Elizabeth Byrd]], 88, pulitikus AS, anggota DPRD (1981–1988) lan Sénat [[Wyoming]] (1988–1992).<ref>[http://www.wyomingnews.com/articles/2015/01/29/news/01top_01-29-15.txt#.VMsWdZ3F-AU "Liz" Byrd, first black woman in Wyoming House, dies at 88"]{{Pranala mati|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> *[[Arturo Carmassi]], 89, ahli natah patung lan palukis Italia.<ref>[http://iltirreno.gelocal.it/empoli/cronaca/2015/01/27/news/scomparso-lo-scultore-di-eloisa-1.10747968 Scomparso lo scultore di Eloisa] {{it icon}}</ref> *[[Roger Cowley]], 75, fisikawan Inggris.<ref>[https://royalsociety.org/about-us/fellowship/notices-2015/ Professor Roger Arthur Cowley FRS]</ref> *[[Suzette Haden Elgin]], 78, linguis lan panulis fiksi ngèlmiah AS.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.sfsite.com/news/2015/01/28/obituary-suzette-haden-elgin/ |title=Obituary Suzette Haden Elgin |access-date=2015-11-14 |archive-date=2015-01-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150130152812/https://www.sfsite.com/news/2015/01/28/obituary-suzette-haden-elgin/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Henk Faanhof]], 92, pambalap pit Olimpiade Walanda (1948).<ref>[http://www.nu.nl/sport/3980946/oudste-nederlandse-tourrenner-faanhof-92-overleden.html Oudste Nederlandse Tourrenner Faanhof (92) overleden] {{nl icon}}</ref> *[[Roy Francis (prawira AL Britania)|Roy Francis]], 92, prawira angkatan sagara lan insiyur pasepuran Britania.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.edp24.co.uk/news/many_pay_respects_to_a_true_norfolk_hero_1_3956513 |title=Many pay respects to a true Norfolk hero |access-date=2015-11-14 |archive-date=2015-09-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924023840/http://www.edp24.co.uk/news/many_pay_respects_to_a_true_norfolk_hero_1_3956513 |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Ebbe Grims-land]], 99, komponis lan juru main piyul Swèdhen.<ref>[http://www.minnessidor.fonus.se/memorial_page_personal_info.php?memorial_page_id=433374&cat=Profile&sign=d37aa490035e02b50fdedac62c515edd In Memoriam - Fonus] {{sv icon}}</ref> *[[Warren Hill (narapidana)|Warren Hill]], 54, durjana rajapati AS, dièksekusi mawa suntikan fatal.<ref>[http://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jan/27/supreme-court-georgia-execution-warren-hill Georgia executes inmate Warren Hill after supreme court refuses stay]</ref> *[[Vladimir-Georg Karassev-Orgusaar]], 83, sutradara filem Èstonia.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://coldwarradios.blogspot.co.uk/2015/01/in-memory-of-man-they-just-couldnt-gag.html |title=In Memory of a Man they Just Couldn’t Gag: Vladimir-Georg Karassev-Orgusaar (1931-2015), RIP |access-date=2015-11-14 |archive-date=2015-09-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150930191111/http://coldwarradios.blogspot.co.uk/2015/01/in-memory-of-man-they-just-couldnt-gag.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[David Landau (wartawan)|David Landau]], 67, wartawan Israèl kalairan Britania lan éditor (''[[Haaretz]]'').<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.thejc.com/news/israel-news/128967/former-haaretz-editor-chief-david-landau-dies-aged-67 |title=Former Haaretz editor-in-chief David Landau dies aged 67 |access-date=2015-11-14 |archive-date=2016-03-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160323074847/http://www.thejc.com/news/israel-news/128967/former-haaretz-editor-chief-david-landau-dies-aged-67 |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[John T. Myers (anggota congress)|John T. Myers]], 87, pulitikus AS, anggota Parlemèn AS kanggo [[Indiana]] (1967–1997).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.startribune.com/politics/national/290007271.html |title=US Rep. John Myers, a Republican who represented western Indiana for 15 terms, dies at 87 |access-date=2015-11-14 |archive-date=2015-02-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206213421/http://www.startribune.com/politics/national/290007271.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Ronnie O'Reilly]], 63, wasit kriket Irlandia.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.cricketeurope4.net/DATABASE/ARTICLES2015/articles/000026/002683.shtml |title=Death of Ronnie O'Reilly |access-date=2015-11-14 |archive-date=2015-02-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150211110137/http://www.cricketeurope4.net/DATABASE/ARTICLES2015/articles/000026/002683.shtml |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[José Pereira (ngèlmuwan India)|José Pereira]], 84, seniman, sajarawan, nimpuna [[basa Sangskreta]] India.<ref>[http://www.goanews.com/news_disp.php?newsid=5544 Sanskrit scholar & historian Dr Jose Pereira passes away in USA]</ref> *[[Joe Rígoli]], 78, aktor lan palawak Argèntina (''[[Un, dos, tres... responda otra vez]]''), gagal jantung.<ref>[http://www.elmundo.es/cultura/2015/01/27/54c7accbca47418f708b456f.html Muere Joe Rígoli, actor cómico argentino con carrera en la España de la Transición] {{es icon}}</ref> *[[Joseph Rotman]], 80, pangusaha lan tokoh filantropi Kanadha, kanselir [[Universitas Western Ontario]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://cnews.canoe.ca/CNEWS/Canada/2015/01/27/22203951.html |title=Toronto businessman, philanthropist Joseph L. Rotman dead at 80 |access-date=2015-11-14 |archive-date=2015-01-27 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20150127232932/http://cnews.canoe.ca/CNEWS/Canada/2015/01/27/22203951.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Al Severinsen]], 70, juru main bisbol AS ([[Baltimore Orioles]], [[San Diego Padres]]).<ref>[http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/theday/obituary.aspx?n=Al-Severinsen&pid=174019977 Al Severinsen Obituary]</ref> *[[Bob Shea]], 90, juru main baskèt AS ([[Providence Steamrollers]]).<ref>[http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/thewesterlysun/obituary.aspx?pid=174016171 Robert Francis Shea Obituary]</ref> *[[Charles H. Townes]], 99, fisikawan AS, pamenang Bebungah Nobel ing Fisika (1964).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://newscenter.berkeley.edu/2015/01/27/nobel-laureate-and-laser-inventor-charles-townes-dies-at-99/ |title=Nobel laureate and laser inventor Charles Townes dies at 99 |access-date=2015-11-14 |archive-date=2015-01-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150128110636/http://newscenter.berkeley.edu/2015/01/27/nobel-laureate-and-laser-inventor-charles-townes-dies-at-99/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Gunnar Christie Wasberg]], 91, panulis non-fiksi Nurwègen.<ref>[http://www.aftenposten.no/dodsfall/Nekrolog-Gunnar-Christie-Wasberg-7885459.html Nekrolog: Gunnar Christie Wasberg] {{no icon}}</ref> *[[Charlie Williams (pitcher)|Charlie Williams]], 67, juru main bisbol AS ([[New York Mets]], [[San Francisco Giants]]), kompliksi bedhah jantung.<ref>[http://www.news-journalonline.com/article/20150128/SPORTS/150129440?Title=Charlie-Williams-the-man-who-was-traded-for-Willie-Mays-dies Charlie Williams, the man who was traded for Willie Mays, dies]</ref> *[[Larry Winters]], 58, palatih lan juru main gulat profèsional AS, serangan jantung.<ref>[http://www.prowrestling.net/article.php?D.C.-Drake-remembers-the-late-Larry-Winters-40696 D.C. Drake remembers the late Larry Winters]</ref> === 28 === *[[Suraj Abdurrahman]], 60, prawira Angkatan Dharat Nigéria.<ref>[http://allafrica.com/stories/201501291077.html Liberia: Former Liberian Army Chief, Abdurrahman, Dies in New York]</ref> *[[Egon Adler]], 77, pambalap pit Jerman.<ref>[http://www.lvz-trauer.de/traueranzeige/egon-adler/40661930 Egon Adler Traueranzeige] {{de icon}}</ref> *[[Arthur Lawrence Alarcon]], 89, kakim féderal AS.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ce9.uscourts.gov/absolutenm/articlefiles/788-Obit_Judge_Arthur_L_Alarcon.pdf |title=Court of Appeals Mourns Passing of Senior Circuit Judge Arthur L. Alarcón |access-date=2015-11-14 |archive-date=2015-09-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923201401/http://www.ce9.uscourts.gov/absolutenm/articlefiles/788-Obit_Judge_Arthur_L_Alarcon.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Mala Aravindan]], 76, aktor Malayalam India.<ref>[http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/regional/actor-mala-aravindan-is-dead/ Malayalam actor Mala Aravindan dead]</ref> *[[Francis Bennion]], 92, pangacara Britania.<ref>"Deaths", ''The Times'', 17 February 2015, p. 57.</ref> *[[Alberto Cardaccio]], 65, juru main bal-balan Uruguay ([[Danubio F.C.|Danubio]], [[Tim nasional bal-balan Uruguay]]), tabrakan lalu-lintas.<ref>[http://www.racingclub.com.ar/club/nota/2015/01/3747_racing-lamenta-el-fallecimiento-de-alberto-cardaccio/ Racing lamenta el fallecimiento de Alberto Cardaccio] {{es icon}}</ref> *[[Yves Chauvin]], 84, pamenang Bebungah Nobel Kimia saka Prancis kalairan Bèlgia (2005).<ref>[http://www.rsc.org/chemistryworld/2015/01/chemistry-nobel-laureate-yves-chauvin-dies-olefin-metathesis Chemistry Nobel laureate Yves Chauvin dies aged 84]</ref> *[[Lionel Gilbert]], 90, sajarawan, panulis, kurator, guru lan panulis biografi Australia.<ref>[http://tributes.smh.com.au/obituaries/smh-au/obituary.aspx?n=lionel-gilbert&pid=174012808 Lionel GILBERT]</ref> *[[Don Jones]], 91, seniman lan ahli térapi AS.<ref>[http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/dispatch/obituary.aspx?pid=174079152 Donald L. Jones Obituary]</ref> *[[Tommie Manderson]], 102, seniman paès rai Britania (''[[Willow (filem)|Willow]]'', ''[[Alien (filem)|Alien]]'', ''[[The Killing Fields (filem)|The Killing Fields]]'').<ref>[http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/opinion/obituaries/article4355150.ece The Times Obituaries - Tommie Manderson].</ref> *[[Beric Morley]], 71, sajarawan arsitèktur Britania.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://announce.jpress.co.uk/leightonbuzzardonlinecouk/obituary/beric-morley/40620448 |title=Beric Morley Obituary |access-date=2015-11-14 |archive-date=2015-11-16 |archive-url=https://archive.is/20151116064854/http://announce.jpress.co.uk/leightonbuzzardonlinecouk/obituary/beric-morley/40620448 |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Neyko Nenov]], 53, Jèndral Bulgaria, Wakil Panglima Patahanan (wiwit 2014), tumor polo.<ref>[http://www.novinite.com/articles/166224/Bulgaria's+Deputy+Chief+of+Defense+Dies+Aged+53 Bulgaria's Deputy Chief of Defense Dies Aged 53]</ref> *[[Charles B. Peatross]], 74, ahli kukum AS.<ref>[http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/shreveporttimes/obituary.aspx?n=charles-b-peatross&pid=174007158&fhid=6593 Judge Charles B. Peatross]</ref> *[[Jaswant Singh Rajput]], 88, juru main hoki lapangan India, jawara Olimpiade (1948).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://post.jagran.com/hockey-olympian-jaswant-singh-rajput-passes-away-1422444266 |title=Hockey Olympian Jaswant Singh Rajput passes away |access-date=2015-11-14 |archive-date=2015-10-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151010023127/http://post.jagran.com/hockey-olympian-jaswant-singh-rajput-passes-away-1422444266 |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Edward Saylor]], 94, vètèran Perang Donya II AS, anggota [[Doolittle's Raiders]].<ref>[http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2015/01/29/one-of-last-doolittle-raiders-dies-at-94/22553233/ One of the last of the 'Doolittle Raiders' dies at 94]</ref> *[[Katharine Worth]], 92, tokoh akadémi Britania.<ref>[https://www.royalholloway.ac.uk/dramaandtheatre/news/newsarticles/2014-15/katharineworth1922-2015.aspx Katharine Worth 1922-2015]</ref> === 29 === *[[Maurizio Arcieri]], 72, panyanyi Italia ([[The New Dada]], [[Krisma]]).<ref>[http://www.ansa.it/sito/notizie/cultura/musica/2015/01/30/addio-ad-arcieri-da-new-dada-a-krisma_91aee14a-51e3-425c-9618-fba53623c6a6.html Addio ad Arcieri, da New Dada a Krisma] {{it icon}}</ref> *[[Amparo Baró]], 77, aktris Spanyol (''[[Siete mesas de billar francés]]''), kanker.<ref>[http://www.vertele.com/noticias/muere-a-los-77-anos-la-gran-actriz-amparo-baro Muere a los 77 años la actriz española Amparo Baró] {{es icon}}</ref> *[[Subhash Ghisingh]], 78, pulitikus India ([[Gorkha National Liberation Front]]), kanker lèver lan cirrhosis.<ref>[http://zeenews.india.com/news/west-bengal/gnlf-founder-subhash-ghisingh-dies_1538438.html GNLF founder Subhash Ghisingh dies]</ref> *[[Walter Glechner]], 75, juru main bal-balan Ostenrik ([[SK Rapid Wien|Rapid Wien]], [[Ostenrik national football team|national team]]).<ref>[http://www.skrapid.at/9610+M55957d0e281.html Trauer um Walter Glechner] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150201053110/http://www.skrapid.at/9610%20M55957d0e281.html |date=2015-02-01 }} {{de icon}}</ref> *[[Bernice Gordon]], 101, panulis teka-teki silang AS (''[[The New York Times crossword puzzle|The New York Times]]''), gagal jantung.<ref>[http://www.philly.com/philly/obituaries/20150130_Bernice_Gordon__legendary_crossword_puzzle_writer__dies_at_101.html Bernice Gordon, legendary crossword puzzle writer, dies at 101]</ref> *[[Terry Hollindrake]], 80, juru main rugbi Liga Inggris.<ref>[http://www.keighleynews.co.uk/sport/11769879.Legend_Terry_Hollindrake__made_Keighley_proud_/ Legend Terry Hollindrake 'made Keighley proud']</ref> *[[Taeko Kono]], 88, panulis lan kritikus Jepang, gagal ambegan.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://mainichi.jp/english/english/features/news/20150130p2g00m0et033000c.html |title=Award-winning writer Kono dies at 88 |access-date=2015-11-14 |archive-date=2015-01-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150130142723/http://mainichi.jp/english/english/features/news/20150130p2g00m0et033000c.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Cedric Kushner]], 66, promotor tinju AS kalairan Afrika Kidul, serangan jantung.<ref>[http://espn.go.com/boxing/story/_/id/12251155/cedric-kushner-former-heavyweight-promoter-dies-66 Cedric Kushner dies at 66]</ref> *[[Noel Lister]], 87, pangusaha Britania ([[MFI Group]]).<ref>[http://www.iwcp.co.uk/news/news/uksa-founder-noel-lister-dies-74608.aspx UKSA founder Noel Lister dies]</ref> *[[Riichiro Manabe]], 90, komponis Jepang.<ref>[http://www.mst3kinfo.com/?p=19380 RIP Riichiro Manabe]</ref> *[[José Martins da Silva]], 78, rohaniawan Katulik Roma Brazilia, Biskop Agung [[Porto Velho]] (1982–1997).<ref>[http://catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bmardsil.html Archbishop José Martins da Silva]</ref> *[[Will McBride (fotografer)|Will McBride]], 84, juru fotografi AS.<ref>[http://www.welt.de/kultur/article136927287/Der-Mann-der-das-wilde-Berlin-entdeckte-ist-tot.html Der Mann, der das wilde Berlin entdeckte, ist tot] {{de icon}}</ref> *[[Danny McCulloch]], 69, juru main bas Inggris ([[The Animals]]), gagal jantung.<ref>[http://www.nme.com/blogs/nme-blogs/rip-the-animals-danny-mcculloch-read-a-moving-family-tribute The Animals' Danny McCulloch: Read A Moving Family Tribute]</ref> *[[Colleen McCullough]], 77, panulis Australia (''[[The Thorn Birds]]''), gagal ginjel.<ref>[http://www.stuff.co.nz/entertainment/books/65570040/colleen-mccullough-author-of-the-thorn-birds-dies Colleen McCullough, author of The Thorn Birds, dies]</ref> *[[Rod McKuen]], 81, pujangga AS, panyanyi lan panulis lagu ("[[Jean (lagu)|Jean]]", "[[Seasons in the Sun]]"), mandheg ambegan.<ref>[http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/music/posts/la-et-ms-rod-mckuen-dies-at-81-20150129-story.html Rod McKuen, prolific songwriter and poet, dies at 81]</ref> *[[Kel Nagle]], 94, juru main golf Australia, jawara British Open (1960).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://wwos.ninemsn.com.au/article.aspx?id=8951999 |title=Aussie golf great Nagle dies |access-date=2015-11-14 |archive-date=2015-01-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150129103957/http://wwos.ninemsn.com.au/article.aspx?id=8951999 |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Paul Panhuysen]], 80, komponis Walanda.<ref>[http://www.ed.nl/regio/eindhoven/aartsvader-geluidskunst-paul-panhuysen-80-overleden-1.4740067 Aartsvader geluidskunst Paul Panhuysen (80) overleden] {{nl icon}}</ref> *[[Derek S. Pugh]], 84, psikolog Britania lan ahli téyori bisnis.<ref>[https://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/news/people/obituaries/derek-pugh-1930-2015/2018680.article Derek Pugh, 1930-2015]</ref> *[[Dora Prince]], 84, aktris Argèntina.<ref>[http://www.telam.com.ar/notas/201502/93723-fallecio-la-actriz-dora-prince.html Falleció la actriz Dora Prince] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190209014923/http://www.telam.com.ar/notas/201502/93723-fallecio-la-actriz-dora-prince.html |date=2019-02-09 }} {{es icon}}</ref> *[[Derek Robertson (juru main bal-balan)|Derek Robertson]], 65, juru main bal-balan Sekotlan ([[St. Johnstone FC|St. Johnstone]]), kanker.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.perthstjohnstonefc.co.uk/newsitemsdetail.php?param=3351 |title=Long-Serving Goalkeeper Derek Robertson Passes Away |access-date=2015-11-14 |archive-date=2015-01-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150130192349/http://www.perthstjohnstonefc.co.uk/newsitemsdetail.php?param=3351 |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Doris Schoettler-Boll]], 70, seniman Jerman.<ref>[http://www.atelierhaus-essen.de/DSB_Vita.shtml Doris Schöttler-Boll. Vita] {{de icon}}</ref> *[[Tenkoko Sonoda]], 96, pulitikus Jepang, anggota [[Diet Nasional|Diet]] (1946–1952).<ref>[http://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/html/20150129/k10015067091000.html 女性初代議士 園田天光光さん死去] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150201171041/http://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/html/20150129/k10015067091000.html |date=2015-02-01 }} {{ja icon}}</ref> *[[Ole Sørensen (juru main bal-balan)|Ole Sørensen]], 77, juru main bal-balan Dènmark.<ref>[http://www.jv.dk/artikel/1932542:Sport--DOedsfald--En-af-fortidens-fodboldhelte-er-gaaet-bort Dødsfald: En af fortidens fodboldhelte er gået bort] {{dk icon}}</ref> *[[Peter Towe]], 92, diplomat Kanadha, Duta Agung ing Amérikah Sarékat (1977–1981).<ref>[http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/ottawacitizen/obituary.aspx?pid=174021664 Peter TOWE Obituary]</ref> *[[Alexander Vraciu]], 96, juru anggegana jawara Angkatan Sagara AS sajeroning Perang Donya II, nampa pangaji [[Navy Cross]].<ref>[http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/contracostatimes/obituary.aspx?n=alexander-vraciu&pid=174009213& Alexander Vraciu]</ref> *[[Israèl Yinon]], 59, konduktor musik Israèl.<ref>[http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/190717 Renowned Israèli Conductor Dies Mid-Concert]</ref> === 30 === *[[Richard Clark Barkley]], 82, diplomat AS, Duta Agung kanggo [[Jerman Wétan]] (1988–1990).<ref>[http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/washingtonpost/obituary.aspx?pid=174050262 RICHARD C. BARKLEY Notice]</ref> *[[Carl Boldt]], 82, juru main baskèt AS ([[San Francisco Dons baskèt lanang|San Francisco Dons]]).<ref>[http://www.latimes.com/local/obituaries/la-me-carl-boldt-20150203-story.html Carl Boldt, teammate of Bill Russell in NCAA title run, dies at 82]</ref> *[[Ricardo Bressani]], 88, ahli nutrisi Guatemala, serangan jantung.<ref>[http://www.prensalibre.com/noticias/Ricardo_Bressani_0_1294670741.html Fallece Ricardo Bressani, pionero de la lucha contra la desnutrición] {{es icon}}</ref> * [[Carl Djerassi]], 91, kimiawan Ostenrik-Amérika, panulis novèl lan sandhiwara, kanker lèver lan balung.<ref>[http://forward.com/articles/213863/carl-djerassi-who-helped-discover-birth-control-pi/? Carl Djerassi, Who Helped Discover Birth Control Pill, Dies at 91]</ref> *[[Rose Frisch]], 96, ahli biologi AS.<ref>[http://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/12/science/rose-e-frisch-scientist-who-linked-body-fat-to-fertility-dies-at-96.html?ref=obituaries&_r=1 Rose E. Frisch, Scientist Who Linked Body Fat to Fertility, Dies at 96]</ref> *[[Johnny Goodman (prodhuser TV)|Johnny Goodman]], 87, prodhuser TV Britania.<ref>[http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/johnny-goodman-dead-bafta-chairman-769061 Ex-BAFTA Chairman Johnny Goodman Dies at 87]</ref> *[[Kenji Goto]], 47, wartawan Jepang lan sanderawan [[ISIS]], ditigas.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.news.com.au/world/islamic-state-releases-video-claiming-to-behead-japanese-hostage-kenji-goto/story-fndir2ev-1227203841336 |title=Islamic State releases video claiming to behead Japanese hostage Kenji Goto |access-date=2015-11-14 |archive-date=2015-10-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151023163339/http://www.news.com.au/world/islamic-state-releases-video-claiming-to-behead-japanese-hostage-kenji-goto/story-fndir2ev-1227203841336 |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Harold Hassall]], 85, juru main bal-balan Inggris ([[Bolton Wanderers F.C.|Bolton Wanderers]]).<ref>[http://www.theboltonnews.co.uk/sport/11763830.Ex_England_and_Wanderers_striker_Harold_Hassall_passes_away__aged_85/ Ex-England and Wanderers striker Harold Hassall passes away, aged 85]</ref> *[[John Hopkins (aktivis pulitik)|John Hopkins]], 78, fotografer Britania, aktivis, lan promotor ([[Notting Hill Carnival]], ''[[International Times]]'').<ref>[http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/news/john-hopkins-charismatic-photographer-activist-and-leading-figure-in-londons-counterculture-of-the-sixties-10021833.html John Hopkins: Charismatic photographer, activist and leading figure in London's counterculture of the Sixties]</ref> *[[Stuart Inder]], 88, wartawan Australia lan panerbit, spésialisasi ing urusan [[Kapuloan Pasifik]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://asopa.typepad.com/asopa_people/2015/02/doyen-of-pacific-journalism-stuart-inder-mbe-dies-at-88.html |title=Doyen of Pacific journalism, Stuart Inder MBE, dies at 88 |access-date=2015-11-14 |archive-date=2015-02-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150214163606/http://asopa.typepad.com/asopa_people/2015/02/doyen-of-pacific-journalism-stuart-inder-mbe-dies-at-88.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Ülo Kaevats]], 67, filsuf lan pulitikus Èstonia, Sèkretaris Nagara (1992–1995).<ref>[http://www.ttu.ee/news/news-2/faculties-institutions/ragnar-nurkse-school-of-innovation-and-governance-3/professor-emeritus-ulo-kaevats-has-died/ Professor Emeritus Ülo Kaevats has died]</ref> *[[Jack Kay]], 63, tokoh administrator akadémi AS.<ref>[http://www.heritage.com/articles/2015/02/01/ypsilanti_courier/news/doc54cd2f3ba28d3467098961.txt Former EMU provost and current professor Jack Kay dies at 63]</ref> * [[Geraldine McEwan]], 82, aktris Britania (''[[Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves]]'', ''[[Agatha Christie's Marple]]''), setruk.<ref>[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/11382848/Geraldine-McEwan-actress-obituary.html Geraldine McEwan, actress - obituary]</ref> *[[John McHugh (Ohio)|John McHugh]], 84, pulitikus AS, walikutha [[Toledo, Ohio]] (1990–1993), cancer.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.toledoblade.com/local/2015/01/30/Former-Toledo-mayor-John-McHugh-dies-at-84.html |title=Former Toledo mayor John McHugh dies at 84 |access-date=2015-11-14 |archive-date=2015-10-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151024100248/http://www.toledoblade.com/local/2015/01/30/Former-Toledo-mayor-John-McHugh-dies-at-84.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Howard Norris]], 80, juru main rugbi union Britania (Tim nasional rugbi Wales, [[British and Irish Lions|British Lions]]).<ref>[http://www.espnscrum.com/wales/rugby/story/254445.html Wales and Lions prop Howard Norris dies]</ref> *[[Richard Richards (Utah)|Richard Richards]], 82, pulitikus AS, pangrèh [[Republican National Committee]] (1981–1983).<ref>[http://www.sltrib.com/home/2121671-155/richard-richards-republican-party-icon-dies Richard Richards, Republican Party icon, dies at age 82]</ref> *[[Ben Schadler]], 90, juru main baskèt AS.<ref>[http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/mercurynews/obituary.aspx?pid=174080237 Bernard (Ben) Schadler]</ref> *[[Jerry L. Smith]], 71, pulitikus AS lan anggota DPRD (1972-1980) lan Sénat (1980-2004) Oklahoma.<ref>[http://www.tulsaworld.com/news/local/longtime-oklahoma-lawmaker-jerry-smith-dies-at/article_38d2e154-ea4b-5a3e-95c2-eefed5fc9c79.html Longtime Oklahoma lawmaker Jerry Smith dies at 71]</ref> *[[Gerrit Voorting]], 92, pambalap profèsional pit Walanda, pamenang medali pirak Olimpiade (1948).<ref>[http://rvmn.nl/obituary-gerrit-voorting/ Obituary Gerrit Voorting]{{Pranala mati|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> *[[Than Wyenn]], 95, aktor AS (''[[Imitation of Life (filem taun 1959)|Imitation of Life]], [[Splash (filem)|Splash]], [[Being There]]'').<ref>[http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/latimes/obituary.aspx?n=Than-Wyenn&pid=174028539 Than Wyenn Obituary]</ref> *[[Zhelyu Zhelev]], 79, pulitikus Bulgaria, Présidèn (1990–1997).<ref>[http://www.novinite.com/articles/166247/Bulgaria's+Former+President+Zhelyu+Zhelev+Dies Bulgaria's Former President Zhelyu Zhelev Dies]</ref> === 31 === *[[Harith bin Ghazi al-Nadhari]], militan Yémen, serangan drone.<ref>[http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-31147424 Yemen al-Qaeda militant al-Nadhari killed by US drone]</ref> *[[Vasco Bendini]], 93, palukis [[informalisme|informalis]] Italia.<ref>[http://www.artribune.com/2015/01/morto-a-93-anni-vasco-bendini-fra-i-maggiori-pittori-italiani-del-secondo-novecento-un-allievo-di-morandi-poi-protagonista-dellinformale-allitaliana/ Morto a 93 anni Vasco Bendini, fra i maggiori pittori italiani del secondo Novecento] {{it icon}}</ref> *[[Robert Blees]], 96, prodhuser lan panulis skénario filem lan TV AS (''[[Cattle Queen of Montana]]'').<ref>[http://deadline.com/2015/02/robert-blees-dies-film-tv-writer-producer-1201367122/ Robert Blees, Writer & Producer, Dies At 96]</ref> *[[José Manuel Lara Bosch]], 68, èksekutif média Spanyol, CEO [[Grupo Planeta]] (wiwit 2003) lan [[Atresmedia]] (wiwit 2012), kanker pankréas.<ref>[http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-01-31/jose-lara-bosch-spanish-médhia-magnate-dies-at-68 Jose Lara Bosch, Spanish Media Magnate, Dies at 68]</ref> *[[Tomás Bulat]], 50, ahli ékonomi lan wartawan Argèntina, tabrakan lalu lintas.<ref>[http://www.lanacion.com.ar/1764735-murio-el-periodista-tomas-bulat-en-un-accidente-de-transito Murió el economista Tomás Bulat en un accidente de tránsito] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150723131317/http://www.lanacion.com.ar/1764735-murio-el-periodista-tomas-bulat-en-un-accidente-de-transito |date=2015-07-23 }} {{es icon}}</ref> *[[Earl Christensen]], 95, pulitikus AS, anggota Sénat [[Wyoming]] (1959–1984).<ref>[http://rapidcityjournal.com/obits/christensen-earl/article_02655c06-0396-5161-ad52-b32795951e80.html Christensen, Earl]</ref> *[[Don Covay]], 76, panyanyi lan panulis lagu R&B AS ("[[Chain of Fools]]").<ref>[http://www.soulwalking.co.uk/Respect.html don covay]</ref> *[[Vic Howe]], 85, juru main hoki ès Kanadha ([[New York Rangers]]).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.nhl.com/ice/news.htm?id=751524 |title=Vic Howe, brother of hockey legend, dies at 85 |access-date=2015-11-14 |archive-date=2015-08-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150802114404/http://www.nhl.com/ice/news.htm?id=751524 |url-status=dead}}</ref> *[[William Klinger]], 42, sajarawan Kroasia, ditémbak.<ref>[http://www.northjersey.com/news/nypd-after-stay-in-ridgewood-historian-slain-in-queens-1.1263241 NYPD: After stay in Ridgewood, historian slain in Queens]</ref> *[[Udo Lattek]], 80, palatih bal-balan Jerman ([[Bayern München]], [[Borussia Mönchengladbach]]).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/udo-lattek-football-coach-who-won-the-european-cup-uefa-cup-and-cupwinners-cup-with-three-different-clubs-10220305.html |title=Udo Lattek: Football coach who won the European Cup, Uefa Cup and Cup-Winners' Cup with three different clubs |access-date=2015-11-14 |archive-date=2015-07-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150723152102/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/udo-lattek-football-coach-who-won-the-european-cup-uefa-cup-and-cupwinners-cup-with-three-different-clubs-10220305.html |url-status=dead}}</ref> *[[Adalberto Arturo Rosat]], 81, rohaniawan Bolivia kalairan Italia, Biskop [[Aiquile]] (1986–2009).<ref>[http://catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/brosat.html Bishop Adalberto Arturo Rosat]</ref> *[[Michael Saward]], 82, pastur Anglikan lan panulis lagu himne Britania.<ref>[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/11384795/Canon-Michael-Saward-clergyman-obituary.html Canon Michael Saward, clergyman - obituary]</ref> *[[Lizabeth Scott]], 92, aktris AS (''[[Dead Reckoning (filem)|Dead Reckoning]]'').<ref>[http://www.theguardian.com/film/2015/feb/06/lizabeth-scott Lizabeth Scott obituary]</ref> *[[Richard von Weizsäcker]], 94, pulitikus Jerman, Présidèn [[Jerman Kulon]] (1984–1990) lan [[Jerman]] (1990–1994).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/2015/01/31/uk-germany-weizsaecker-idUKKBN0L40F720150131 |title=Germany's von Weizsaecker, president at unification, dies at 94 |access-date=2015-11-14 |archive-date=2015-02-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150201001203/http://uk.reuters.com/article/2015/01/31/uk-germany-weizsaecker-idUKKBN0L40F720150131 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Cathetan sikil == {{reflist|3}} [[Kategori:Pati 2015]] [[Kategori:2015]] ogneps5oc3kdm0sy15lts0a96x8joig Pelumutan, Kemangkon, Purbalingga 0 129381 1759722 1548993 2026-11-02T21:38:17Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759722 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Désa | petha = | poto = | pratélan poto = | jeneng = Pelumutan | provinsi = Jawa Tengah | dati2 = Kabupatèn | jeneng dati2 = Purbalingga | kacamatan = Kemangkon |jeneng pemimpin =- | jembar = 30 km² | padunung = 1753 | angka pos = | kapadhetan = 564/km² }} '''Plumutan''' iku désa ing [[Kemangkon, Purbalingga|Kacamatan Kemangkon]], kabupatèn [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Purbalingga]], [[Provinsi Jawa Tengah]], [[Indonésia]]. Désa iki dhue ciri khas, ciriné angger wis jam 8 wonge wis pada thuru == Fasilitas Umum == * [[Masjid]] * [[Lapangan]] * [[Pasar]] * [[SD Negeri 1 Pelumutan, Purbalingga|SDN 1 Pelumutan]] * [[SD Negeri 2 Pelumutan, Purbalingga|SDN 2 Pelumutan]] == Deleng uga == * [[Kemangkon, Purbalingga]] * [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga]] == Pranala njaba == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701160952/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/ Situs resmi Kabupatèn Purbalingga] {{Kemangkon, Purbalingga}} {{Kabupatèn Purbalingga}} {{Jawa Tengah}} {{Kalurahan-stub}} bdjr5kewok4kqiz9l7tjis1udcc17dh The Net (filem) 0 138691 1759786 1651111 2026-11-03T06:55:15Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759786 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox film|name=The Net|image=Netposter1995.jpg|caption=Theatrical release poster|director=[[Irwin Winkler]]|producer=Irwin Winkler<br />[[Rob Cowan]]|writer=[[John Brancato and Michael Ferris]]|starring=[[Sandra Bullock]]<br />[[Jeremy Northam]]<br />[[Dennis Miller]]|music=[[Mark Isham]]|cinematography=Jack N. Green|editing=[[Richard Halsey]]|distributor=[[Columbia Pictures]]|released={{Film date|1995|7|28|df=y}}|runtime=114 menit|country=Amérikah Sarékat|language=Basa Inggris|budget=$22 yuta|gross=$110,627,965}} '''''The Net''''' inggih punika [[filem]] siber laga saking [[Amérikah Sarékat]] ingkang kadamel taun 1995. Filem punika dipunsutradarani Irwin Winkler, dhedhasar skénario anggitanipun John Brancato lan Michael Ferris. Para jugu paraga ingkang dipunpracaya maragani filem punika antawisipun [[Sandra Bullock]], [[Jeremy Northam]], lan [[Dennis Miller]].<ref>[http://www.wired.com/2013/04/the-net-movie-technology/ What We Learned About Technology From 1995′s The Net]</ref> ''The Net'' dipunbabar ing surya 28 Juli 1995 déning [[Columbia Pictures]]. == Ingkang maragani == * [[Sandra Bullock]] minangka Angela Bennett * Jeremy Northam minangka Jack Devlin * Dennis Miller minangka Dr. Alan Champion * Diane Baker minangka Mrs. Bennett * Wendy Gazelle minangka Ruth Marx * Ken Howard minangka Michael Bergstrom * Ray McKinnon minangka Dale Hessman * Robert Gossett minangka Ben Phillips * Wren T. Brown minangka Trooper == Prodhuksi == Pada Oktober 1994, Bullock menyatakan kesediaannya terlibat dalam produksi film ''The Net'' yang dikerjakan pertengahan Januari sampai dengan 10 April 1995.<ref><span class="citation news">[http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-4253931.html "Thriller may 'Net' Actress Over $2 Million"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140611131812/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-4253931.html |date=2014-06-11 }}. </span></ref> Prosès produksi ''The Net'' dilaksanakan di San Francisco's Moscone Center dan Macworld pada 5 January 1995,<ref><span class="citation news">"She Parked The Bus Outside". </span></ref> dilanjutkan di Washington, D.C. pada April 1995, kanthi kasil ngempalaken arta dumugi $110,627,965.<ref><span class="citation news">Marilyn Beck & Stacy Jenel Smith (March 1, 1995). </span></ref><ref><span class="citation web">[http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=net.htm "The Net at Box Office Mojo"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. </span></span></ref><ref><span class="citation web">[http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/net/ "The Net Movie Reviews"]. </span></ref><ref><span class="citation web">Owen Gleiberman (August 4, 1995). </span></ref> Filem punika naté dipungiyaraken sinambungan kanthi sesirah ingkang sami wonten stasiyun [[televisi]], ingkang dipunsengkuyung déning juru paraga Brooke Langton minangka Angela Bennett. Setunggalipun filem candhakan kanthi sesirah ''The Net 2.0'', dipunparagani Nikki DeLoach minangka Hope Cassidy lan dipunsutradarani Charles Winkler, putera saking Irwin Winkler, ingkang dipunbabar awujud vidio ing taun 2006. == Rujukan == <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2;-webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;" data-template-mapping="{&quot;targetname&quot;:&quot;Reflist&quot;}"> <references /></div> == Pranala njawi == * [[imdbtitle:0113957|''The Net'']] <span> at the </span>Internet Movie Database * [http://www.allmovie.com/movie/v134901 ''The Net'']<span> at </span>AllMovie * [http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/net/ ''The Net'']<span> at </span>Rotten Tomatoes * [http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=net.htm ''The Net'']<span> at </span>Box Office Mojo * [https://web.archive.org/web/20131226172335/http://www.wired.com/underwire/2013/04/the-net-movie-technology/ Wired.com] {{artikel ing krama}} [[Kategori:Filem 1995]] [[Kategori:Film Amérikah Sarékat]] [[Kategori:Artikel Wiki Mrebawani II kalamangsa 1]] {{stub}} e8lrpwikxd2iey308zaivdwcszolzo6 Kushikatsu 0 146819 1759658 1630723 2026-11-02T12:45:15Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759658 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Gambar:Miso kushikatsu.JPG|jmpl|Kushikatsu miso]] [[Gambar:Miso katsu by OiMax.jpg|jmpl|Kushikatsu]] {{nihongo|'''Kushikatsu'''|串カツ}} punika dhaharan ingkang asalipun saking wewengkon [[Kansai]] wonten ing [[Jepang]] wujud tugelan alit-alit [[dhaharan sagara]], [[daging]] lan [[sayuran]] ingkang dipuntusuk kaliyan tusukan bumbu<ref name="Rowthorn 2007 p. 95"/><ref name="Suzuki 2005 p. 79"/> ingkang dipuncelupaken dhateng adonan tepung terigu lajeng dipunlapisi kaliyan [[tepung panir]] saderengipun dipungoreng wonten ing lenga ingkang kathah. Dhaharan ingkang dipunsebat kushikatsu punika amargi kalebet ''katsu'' (nggoreng daging kanthi ngginakaken tepung panir) ingkang dipuntusuk wonten ing ''kushi'' (tusukan bambu). Wonten ing wewengkon [[Kanto]], kushikatsu punika kondhang kaliyan nama ''Kushiage'' wujud tugelan daging babi ingkang agengipun kirang langkung 3–4&nbsp;cm, ingkang dipuntusuk selang seling kaliyan [[bawang bombay]] utawi godhong bawang lajeng dipungoreng saksampunipun dipunlapisi kaliyan tepung panir. Kushikatsu punika miturut cariyosipun dipundamel wonten ing kawasan [[Shinsekai]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gnavi.co.jp/en/articles/cuisines/kushikatsu/|title=Kushikatsu|work=Gurunavi, Inc.|accessdate=30 March 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150405090545/http://www.gnavi.co.jp/en/articles/cuisines/kushikatsu/|archive-date=5 April 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>, distrik Naniwa-ku, [[Osaka]]. == Ciri khas == Kushikatsu punika kalebet bageyan saking budaya dhahar sinambi jumeneng ingkang limrahipun dipunrahapi minangka jajanan nalika ngunjuk [[bir]] wonten ing kios utawi warung alit ingkang boten nyawisaken kursi. irisan [[kol]] ugi asring dipuntambahaken kanthi gratis dhumateng tiyang ingkang dhahar kushikatsu. Setunggal tusuk kushikatsu dipuncelup dhateng wadhah ageng ingkang sampun dipunisi kaliyan [[saus uster]] saderengipun dipundhahar. Wadhah mawi isi saus uster punika gadhah ancas supados saged dipunginakaken sesarengan kaliyan tiyang sanesipun, satemah tiyang ingkang badhe dhahar kushikatsu punika namung kepareng nyelupaken setunggal tusuk kushikatsu sapisan kémawon. Tiyang punika boten kenging nyelupaken kushikatsu malih wonten ing wadhah saus menawi sampun dipundhahar sekedhik. Wonten ing papan sadean kushikatsi limrahipun dipunpasang seratan ingkang isinipun: "boten kenging nyelupaken kaping 2 wonten ing salebeting saus." == Variasi kushikatsu == Tiyang ingkang nyade kushikatsu punika menawi badhe nambah citra kushikatsu saking dhaharan ingkang ingkang murah dados dhaharan ingkang awis kanthi cara madegaken restoran ingkang khusus kushikatsu. Kushikatsu punika dipuncawisaken kados déné masakan Eropa kanthi cara nyawisaken kushikatsu setunggal tusuk setunggal tusuk miturut urutan ingkang sampun dipuntemtokaken. Ingkang nyade punika ugi wonten ingkang ngginakaken [[saus tartar]] lan sanès saus uster kanggé dhahar kushikatsu. === Maneka warni kushikatsu === * [[Daging sapi]] ingkang dipuntugel persegi * Bagian jaja/ dada [[daging ayam|ayam]] * [[Sosis]] * Tugelan ulam [[salmon]] * Tugelan ulam ingkang gadhah daging warni putih * Tugelan ulam [[kembung]] * Potongan ulam [[selar]] * [[Udang|Urang]] * [[Kerang]] * [[Tiram]] * Tugelan [[Cumi-cumi]] * [[Chikuwa]] * [[Hampen]] * [[lombok ijo]] * Jamur [[Shiitake]] * ''[[Onion ring]]'' * [[Ron bawang]] * [[Terong]] * [[Kentang]] * [[Ubi jalar]] * [[Paprika]] * [[Labu parang]] * [[Brokoli]] * [[Asparagus]] ijo * [[Paprika]] isi daging * [[Asparagus]] bungkus ''bacon'' * [[Gyoza]] * [[Somai]] * [[Lumpia]] * Bola [[ayam|daging ayam]] cincang * [[Telur puyuh]] ==Rujukan== {{reflist|refs= <ref name="Rowthorn 2007 p. 95">{{cite book | last=Rowthorn | first=C. | title=Japan | publisher=Lonely Planet | series=Country Guides | year=2007 | isbn=978-1-74104-667-0 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Gthp7ZCcYPwC&pg=PA95 | page=95}}</ref> <ref name="Suzuki 2005 p. 79">{{cite book | last=Suzuki | first=R. | title=Cocina Japonesa | publisher=Origo Chile | series=Secretos de la cocina | year=2005 | isbn=978-956-8077-28-0 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jH_QjqNq7EoC&pg=PT79| page=Pt-79}}</ref> }} == Pranala Njawi == * {{en icon}} [http://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/english/tv/kitchen/archives201039.html Resep kushikatsu] [[Kategori:Olah-olahan Jepang]] 1g2q3zr4cnkay91juwv8kw49i2i1sds The Muppets (filem) 0 160704 1759785 1758032 2026-11-03T06:55:13Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759785 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox film |name = The Muppets |image = Muppets ver4.jpg |image_size = 215px |border = yes |alt = |caption = Poster rilis teatrikal |director = [[James Bobin]] |producer = [[David Hoberman]]<br />[[Todd Lieberman]] |writer = [[Jason Segel]]<br />[[Nicholas Stoller]] |starring = Jason Segel<br />[[Amy Adams]]<br />[[Chris Cooper]]<br />[[Rashida Jones]]<!--PER BILLING BLOCK--> |music = [[Christophe Beck]]<!-- Please list composers only. --> |cinematography = [[Don Burgess (sinematografer)|Don Burgess]] |editing = James Thomas<br>[[Alan Baumgarten]]<!--PER BILLING BLOCK--> |studio = [[Walt Disney Pictures]]<br>[[Mandeville Films]]<!--DO NOT REMOVE/CHANGE--> |distributor = [[Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures|Walt Disney Studios<br>Motion Pictures]] |released = {{Film date|2011|11|4|Festival Film Savannah|2011|11|23|Amerika Serikat}} <!-- Do not add the UK or Australian release date here, please; see WP:FILMRELEASE. --> |runtime = 103 menit<ref>{{cite web|title=The Muppets|url=http://www.bbfc.co.uk/AFF281940/|publisher=[[Badan Klasifikasi Film Britania]] (BKFB)|date=10 Fèbruari 2012|accessdate=December 12, 2011}} {{Pranala mati|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> |country = Amerika Serikat |language = Inggris |budget = $45&nbsp;juta<ref name=NYT>{{cite news|last=Cieply|first=Michael|title=It's Time for Your Face-Lift, Miss Piggy|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2011/04/10/business/10muppets.html?pagewanted=all|access-date=18 Sèptèmber 2011|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=9 April 2011}}</ref><ref name=THR>{{cite news|last=Masters|first=Kim|title=Kermit as Mogul, Farting Fozzie Bear: How Disney's Muppets Movie Has Purists Rattled|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/disney-muppets-jason-segel-amy-adams-jim-henson-250805|accessdate=21 Oktober 2011|newspaper=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|date=20 Oktober 2011}}</ref> |gross = $165.2 juta<ref name="BOM">{{cite web|url=http://boxofficemojo.com/movies/?page=main&id=themuppets.htm|title=The Muppets (2011)|publisher=[[Box Office Mojo]]|access-date=6 Novèmber 2013}}</ref> <!-- Please do not change the number unless it says so on Box Office Mojo! Furthermore, if you change the number, also update the access date! --> }} '''''The Muppets''''' minangka film komedi musikal Amérika taun 2011, lan nayangke nalika teater [[The Muppets|muppet]] pisanan ing rolas taun.<ref name="Wired">{{Cite news|url=http://www.wired.com/geekdad/2011/05/the-muppets-are-coming-yaaaaay/|title=The Muppets Are Coming – Yaaaaay!|last=Blum|first=Matt|date=20 Mèi 2011|work=Wired|access-date=20 Juni 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110623071032/http://www.wired.com/geekdad/2011/05/the-muppets-are-coming-yaaaaay|archive-date=2011-06-23|url-status=dead}}</ref> Film iki disutradarani dening James Bobin, ditulis karo Jason Segel lan Nicholas Stoller, digawé dening David Hoberman lan Todd Lieberman, lan juru paragane yaiku Jason Segel, Amy Adams, Chris Cooper lan Rashida Jones .nilai seko film kasebut disusun déning Christophe Beck, déné anggota Penerbangan Konstit Bret McKenzie dadi pejabat musik, nulis 4 saka lima lagu asli ing film kasebut.<ref name="SoundtrackTHR">{{Cite news|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/muppets-soundtrack-feist-flight-conchords-246217|title='Muppets' Movie Soundtrack Features Feist, Flight of the Conchords, Andrew Bird|last=Gallo|first=Phil|date=10 Oktober 2011|work=The Hollywood Reporter|access-date=29 Januari 2014}}</ref> Ing ''film iki'', penggemar setya Walter, kakangne Gary, lan pacar Gary Mary, mbantu Kermit nglumpukake penggemar film the Muppets, amarga kudu ngumpulake $ 10 &nbsp; yuta kanggo nylametake Muppet Theatre saka Tex Richman, sawijining pengusaha sing rencana kanggo ngrubuh studio kanggo ngobor minyak. Walt Disney Pictures asale ngumumake perkembangan film ing sasi Maret 2008, karo Segel lan Stoller nulis permianan latar mburine, lan Mandeville Films mbantu nggawe film kasebut. Bobin wiwit nyutradarani film kasebut ing awal Januari 2010, lan penyanyine kanggo film kasebut dipilih ing Oktober tan 2010 uga, bebarengan karo Adams, Cooper, lan Jones. Penggambaran diwiwiti ing September 2010 lan rampung ing Los Angeles, California. Film iki minangka gawenane seko Muppet teater pisanan tanpa nglibatake pemain veteran Muppet Frank Oz lan Jerry Nelson, sanajan Nelson tampil minangka vocal cameo sing ora disebut jenenge .<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.vulture.com/2011/10/frank_oz_the_muppets_movie.html|title=http://www.vulture.com/2011/10/frank_oz_the_muppets_movie.html|last=Buchanan|first=Kyle|date=20 Oktober 2011|work=Vulture|access-date=10 April 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.aintitcool.com/node/33610|title=Capone With Frank Oz About DEATH AT A FUNERAL, What Went Wrong On STEPFORD, And (Of Course) Yoda!!|date=7 Agustus 2007|publisher=aintitcool.com|access-date=1 Novèmber 2014}}</ref> Saliyane, karakter masing-masing ditampilake dening Eric Jacobson lan Matt Vogel, sing menehi debut teater minangka karakter kasebut. ''The Muppets'' wiwit ditayangke ing Savannah Film Festival 2011 lan dirilis secara teatrically ing Amerika Utara ing 23 November 2011.<ref name="Deadline">{{Cite news|url=http://www.deadline.com/tag/the-muppets-release-date/|title=Disney Moves Muppets from Xmas to T-Day|last=Finke|first=Nikki|date=December 8, 2010|access-date=June 20, 2011|publisher=Deadline}}</ref> Film kasebut sukses entuk sahingga entuk keuntungan $ 165 yuta ing donya, tinimbang biaya $ 45 yuta, lan entuk pujian kanggo humor, karakterisasi, lan soundtrack . Film kasebut entuk bebungah Academy Award kanggo Best Original Song kanggo McKenzie's " Man or Muppet ", lan dinominasi kanggo BAFTA, Grammy Award lan Kritical Choice Award . Sawijining seri, The ''Most Wanted Muppets'', dirilis tanggal 21 Maret 2014.<ref name="LATimesDisney">{{Cite news|url=http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/envelope/cotown/la-et-ct-disney-cancels-little-mermaid-3d-pirates-5-2015-20130114,0,6139988.story|title=Disney cancels 'Little Mermaid 3-D,' dates 'Pirates 5' for 2015|last=Fritz|first=Ben|date=14 Januari 2013|work=Los Angeles Times|access-date=January 14, 2013}}</ref> == Juru Paraga == * Jason Segel minangka Gary, adhine Walter lan penggemar Muppets.<ref name="Los Angeles Times">{{Cite news|url=http://articles.latimes.com/2011/jan/16/entertainment/la-ca-sneaks-november-muppets-20110116|title=2011 Movie Preview: The Muppets|last=Mcintyre|first=Gina|date=January 16, 2011|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|access-date=June 20, 2011}}</ref> * Amy Adams minangka Mary, guru sekolah dasar lan kekasih Gary kanggo jangka panjang.<ref name="Los Angeles Times" /> * Chris Cooper minangka Tex Richman, pengusaha minyak sing nggoleki numpes Muppet Theatre kanggo ngetokake lenga sing diarani ing ngisor iki. Dheweke duwe masalah karo Muppet nalika dheweke gagal ngguyu ing ulang tahun ka-10.<ref name="Los Angeles Times" /> * Rashida Jones minangka Veronica, eksekutif jaringan ing jaringan CDE.<ref name="collider">{{Cite web|url=http://collider.com/the-muppets-images-character-descriptions/114511/|title=Disney Releases a Ton of New Material for The Muppets: Images, Character Descriptions, Fun Facts|last=Bettinger|first=Brendan|date=12 Sèptèmber 2011|publisher=Collider.com|access-date=13 Sèptèmber 2011}}</ref><ref>Warmoth, Brian. MTV, 15 Oktober 2010, "[http://moviesblog.mtv.com/2010/10/15/muppet-movie-jason-segel-amy-adams-chris-cooper-rashida-jones/ Jason Segel's 'Muppet' Movie Adds Amy Adams, Chris Cooper and Rashida Jones] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110529170309/http://moviesblog.mtv.com/2010/10/15/muppet-movie-jason-segel-amy-adams-chris-cooper-rashida-jones/ |date=2011-05-29 }}". Diakses pada 23 Mei 2011.</ref> * Jack Black minangka Self (ora kasebut), dhukungan kanggo peresmian dewan kéwan lan tuan rumah selebriti sing ora misuwur ''The Muppet Telethon.'' * Alan Arkin <ref name="TheWrap1">[http://www.thewrap.com/deal-central/column-post/jack-black-zach-galifianakis-join-disneys-muppets-movie-22548 "Jack Black & Zach Galifianakis Join Disney's 'Muppets' Movie"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110607142939/http://www.thewrap.com/deal-central/column-post/jack-black-zach-galifianakis-join-disneys-muppets-movie-22548 |date=2011-06-07 }}. TheWrap.com. Retrieved May 17, 2011.</ref><ref name="TheWrap2">[http://www.thewrap.com/deal-central/column-post/disney-release-muppets-movie-next-thanksgiving-23117 "Disney to Release 'Muppets' Movie Next Thanksgiving"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728131641/http://www.thewrap.com/deal-central/column-post/disney-release-muppets-movie-next-thanksgiving-23117 |date=2011-07-28 }}. TheWrap.com. Diakses pada 17 Mei 2011.</ref> minangka [[Pramuwisata|pamandu wisata]] Muppet Studios * Bill Cobbs minangka Kakek * Zach Galifianakis <ref name="TheWrap1" /> minangka Hobo Joe, wong sing ora duwe omah sing merupakang pamirsa pisanan ''Muppet Telethon.'' Joanna Newsom sing milih kanggo nyanyi. * Ken Jeong minangka tuan rumah ''Punch Teacher'' * Jim Parsons minangka Walter ing wujud manungsa * Eddie Pepitone minangka tukang pos * Kristen Schaal <ref name="The Film Stage">{{Cite news|url=http://thefilmstage.com/2010/11/12/muppet-movie-cast-grows-more-awesome/|title=Muppet Movie Cast Grows More Awesome|last=Punchko|first=Kristy|date=12 Novèmber 2010|access-date=June 28, 2011|publisher=The Film Stage|archive-date=November 25, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101125111201/http://thefilmstage.com/2010/11/12/muppet-movie-cast-grows-more-awesome/|url-status=dead}}</ref> minangka moderator saka Anger Management Group. * Sarah Silverman <ref>Trailer promo untuk film</ref> minangka penyambutan restoran Mel's Drive-In . * Eddie "Piolin" Sotelo minangka Univision Executive * Donald Glover minangka Executive Executive CDE * Dahlia Wangort minangka Eksekutif FOX * Michael Albala minangka NBC Executive * Aria Noelle Curzon minangka Marge, pelayan ing Mel's Drive-In . == Rujukan == {{Reflist|30em}} == Pranala njaba == {{Portal|Disney|Muppets|Film}} * {{Official website|http://muppets.disney.com/the-muppets-2011}} di [[Disney.com]] * {{IMDb title|1204342|The Muppets}} * {{tcmdb title|823592|The Muppets}} * {{mojo title|themuppets|The Muppets}} * {{Rotten-tomatoes|the_muppets|The Muppets}} {{s-start}} {{succession box | before = "[[We Belong Together (lagu Randy Newman)|We Belong Together]]" dari<br />''[[Toy Story 3]]'' | title = [[Penghargaan Akademi untuk Lagu Asli Terbaik]]<br />"[[Man or Muppet]]" | years = 2011 | after = "[[Skyfall (lagu)|Skyfall]]" dari<br />''[[Skyfall]]'' }} {{s-end}} [[Kategori:Filem abasa Inggris]] [[Kategori:Kaca mawa pertalan kang durung kapriksa]] tkpcu9wo4ooh95tm3qnh4969pqtprf3 Mean Girls 2 0 161392 1759685 1488992 2026-11-02T15:54:46Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759685 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Mean Girls 2''''' nggih punika sesirah [[Film|filem]] serial televisi saking [[Amerika Serikat|Amérikah Sarékat]] taun [[2011]]. Filem punika kaarahaken déning [[Melanie Mayron]]. Ingkang ngayahi minangka juru damel filem nggih punika [[Melanie Mayron]]. Skénario kaanggit sesarengan kaliyan Allison Schroeder, Elana Lesser, lan Cliff Ruby. Tanggel jawab musik kapasrahaken dhumateng [[Transcenders]]. Sinematografi dipuncakaken déning Levie Isaacks. Wondéné juru paraga ingkang kadhapuk sami maragani filem punika antawisipun [[Meaghan Jette Martin]], [[Jennifer Stone]], lan [[Nicole Anderson]]. ''Mean Girls 2'' dipunbabar ing surya [[23 Januari]] [[2011]]. == Juru paraga == * [[Meaghan Jette Martin]] minangka Jo Mitchell<ref name="homemediamagazine.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.homemediamagazine.com/production/paramount-starts-production-mean-girls-2-20063|title=Paramount Starts Production on Mean Girls 2|date=2010-07-20|publisher=homemediamagazine.com|accessdate=2010-11-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101127070331/http://www.homemediamagazine.com/production/paramount-starts-production-mean-girls-2-20063|archive-date=2010-11-27|url-status=dead}}</ref> * [[Diego Boneta]] minangka Tyler Adams * [[Maiara Walsh]] minangka Mandi Weatherly<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/movies/news/a233367/housewives-star-boards-mean-girls-2.html|title='Housewives' star boards 'Mean Girls 2'}}</ref> * [[Jennifer Stone]] minangka Abby Hanover<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.disneydreaming.com/2010/07/06/jennifer-stone-in-mean-girls-2/|title=Jennifer Stone in "Mean Girls 2"}}</ref> * [[Nicole Anderson]] minangka Hope Plotkin<ref name="homemediamagazine.com" /> * [[Claire Holt]] minangka Chastity Meyer<ref name="homemediamagazine.com" /> * [[Bethany Anne Lind]] minangka Quinn Shinn * [[Tim Meadows]] minangka Principal Ron Duvall<ref name="homemediamagazine.com" /> * [[Linden Ashby]] minangka Rod Mitchell * Donn Lamkin minangka Sidney Hanover * [[Rhoda Griffis]] minangka Ilene Hanover * [[Colin Dennard]] minangka Elliot Gold<ref name="imdb.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1679235/|title=Patrick Johnson and Colin Dennard in MG2}}</ref> * Patrick Johnson minangka Nick Zimmer<ref name="imdb.com" /> == Rujukan == {{Reflist}} == Pranala njawi == * {{IMDb title|1679235}} [[Kategori:Film Amerika Serikat tahun 2011]] ndyb8v377zjbbzfwhdln9jct9y8qlca Naskah mawi iluminasi 0 163510 1759700 1758676 2026-11-02T18:18:15Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759700 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Gambar:AberdeenBestiaryFolio004vChristInMajesty.jpg|jmpl|377x377px|Ing pangretosan ciyut, naskah ingkang mawi iluminasi punika namung kacakup ing naskah-naskah ingkang dipunrenggan kanthi sepuhan emas utawi pérak. [[Lukisan miniatur Maiestas Domini]] (Kristus ingkang manggèn ing saknginggilipun kursi raja utawi singgasana) saking Kitab [[Bestiarium Aberdeen]] (folio 4v) punika saged kawastanan "naskah beriluminasi".]] [[Gambar:Meister des Maréchal de Boucicaut 001.jpg|ka|jmpl|324x324px| Rerenggan kaca [[Buku Ibadat Harian|buku Ibadat Padinan]] Perancis saking [[Ca.|''ca.'']]''1400 punika nyakupi salah satunggaling lukisan miniatur, inisial, ugi marjinalia.'' ]] '''Naskah mawi iluminasi''' inggih punika [[naskah]] ingkang ngandhut tèks ingkang dipunimbuhi rerenggan kadosta [[inisial, marjinalia]], ugi [[gambar miniatur.]] Ing tetegesan ciyut, istilah punika namung miturut naskah-naskah ingkang kagungan rerenggan wujud gambar kanthi sepuhan emas ugi perak; ananging ing salebeting pacelathon sabendinten punapa déné ing salebeting kajian ilmiah modhéren, istilah punika dipunginakaken minangka sebatan umum tumrap sedaya naskah ingkang kagungan rerenggan utawi kangungan ilustrasi ingkang dipunanggit ing [[Donya Kulon|donya kilèn.]] Naskah-naskah sijinis ingkang dipunanggit ing [[Wetan tebih|Wétan tebih]] ugi [[Mesoamerika]] kawastanan "[[naskah bergambar]]". Naskah-naskah [[Islam]] saged kasebat ngemu iluminasi, ilustrasi, utawi gambar, nadyan awit dasaripun sampun dipunyasa utawi dipundamel mawi tèknik-tèknik ingkang sami kaliyan naskah-naskah kilèn. Artikel punika njlèntrèhaken ngenani sajarah, tèknik, sosial, tuwin ékonomi saking naskah ingkang mawi iluminasi; kagem pembahasan ngenani sajarah kagunannipun, saged mirsani [[Miniatur.|miniatur]] punika. Naskah-naskah mawi iluminasi langkung sepuh piyambak ingkang sintas mijil saking kinten-kinten 400 dumugi 600 tahun Masèhi, dipunanggit ing [[Kerajaan Tiyang Ostrogoth|Krajan Tiyang Ostrogoth]] ugi [[Kekaisaran Romawi Wétan|Kekaisaran Romawi wétan.]] Iluminasi ing salebeting naskah-naskah punika boten kémawon ngemu utawi kagungan nilai kagunan tuwin nilai sajarah ingkang nginggil, ananging ugi sampun nduwèni (jasa), sampun njagi ugi nglestantunaken (mata rantai) utawi urut-urutan melèk aksara ingkang dipunbentuk kaliyan tèks-tèks ingkang boten mawi iluminasi. Tanpa wontenipun daya nyambut damel saking para-para juru carik [[biara|asrama]] ing [[ujung Abad Antik]] punika, sapérangan ageng karya sastra Yunani ugi Romawi kirang langkung sampun musna saking Éropa. Kados ingkang sampun-sampun, pola sintas salah satunggaling karya tulis punika saèstu katemtokaken dening mupangatipun kagem saglintir tiyang Kristen ingkang melèk aksara. Iluminasi ing naskah-naskah, minangka salah satunggaling cara kagem mulyakaken dhokumèn-dhokumèn kuno, sampun paring pambiyantu nglestantunaken kawontenan ugi nonjolaken nilai informasi saking naskah-naskah punika, salaminipun wekdal nalika golongan panguwasa sampun boten malih nguwaosi basa-basa ingkang dipunginakaken salebeting naskah-naskah punika. Sapérangan ageng naskah mawi iluminasi ingkang sintas mijil saking [[Abad Pertengahan]], ananging taksih kathah ugi ingkang sintas saking [[Abad Pembaharuan]] utawi Abad anyar, sesarengan kaliyan saglintir naskah mawi iluminasi ingkang mijil saking ujunging [[Abad Antik]]. Sapérangan ageng naskah punika ngemu wos ngenani tèks-tèks bab agama. Awit saking punika, mliginipun wiwit abad kaping-13, tèks-tèks sékulèr pun ugi saya kathah ingkang dipunanggit mawi iluminasi. Sapérangan ageng naskah mawi iluminasi dipunyasa mawi bentuk [[Kodèks|kodhèks]], ingkang nggantosi bahan mawi bentuk [[gulungan]]. Sakedhik sanget sisa-sisa naskah mawi iluminasi ing papirus ingkang sintas, amargi papirus punika boten saged awèt sanget kadosta [[Velum|vélum]] utawi [[Perkamen|perkamèn]]. Sapérangan ageng naskah saking [[Abad Pertengahan]], ingkang wujud iluminasi punapa déné ingkang boten, dipunserat wonten ing perkamèn (limrahipun dipunyasa saking kulit pedhèt utawi [[anak lembu]], biri-biri, utawi ménda, ananging kathah dredah ingkang dipunanggep penting supados saged dipuniluminasi ugi dipun serat wonten ing perkamèn ingkang mutunipun inggil (saé) inggih punika kawastanan vélum. Wiwit ujunging [[Abad pertengahan]], naskah-naskah wiwit dipun tulis wonten ing dluwang utawi kertas.<ref>[[Buku Misa Silos]] saking kawitan abad kaping-11, dipunserat ing bahan ingkang boten limrah sajeroning yasa buku-buku ing wekdal punika, mijil saking Spanyol, cerak saking pusat yasa dluwang kaum Muslim ing [[Al-Andaluz]]. Panyeratan naskah ing dluwang lami-laminipun saya limrah dipunleksanakaken, ananging perkamèn ingkang langkung awis ugi taksih lankung asring dipunginakaken ing sajeroning yasa naskah-naskah mawi iluminasi dumugi ngantos purnaning période punika.</ref> Buku-buku cithak (generasi perdana) kadhangkala dipunanggit kanthi nglonggaraken wekdal dhumateng rubrik-rubrik saha miniatur-miniatur, utawi dipunparingi inisial-inisial rerenggan, utawi rerenggan wonten ing marjin halaman punika. Ananging pamanggihing tèknik cithak dadosaken iluminasi ing karya-karya tulis saya dangu saya kirang. Naskah-naskah mawi iluminasi taksih dipunasilaken terus ing kawitan abad kaping-16, ananging langkung sekedhik cacahipun. Sapérangan angeng naskah-naskah mawi iluminasi ing kawitan abad kaping-16 dipunanggit amargi panyuwunan saking tiyang-tiyang sugih punika. Naskah inggih punika salah satunggaling barang ingkang kagungan kathah [[sintas]] saking [[Abad Pertengahan]]; wonten éwonan cacahipun. Naskah-naskah punika inggih minangka spèsimèn-spèsimèn ingkang saé piyambak saking lukisan Abad Pertengahan ingkang mampu sintas ugi ingkang paling karawat, langkung malih, kadhang lukisan-lukisan ingkang natos dipunanggit ing kathah panggènan saha wekdal ing salebeting sajarah. == <big>Sajarah</big> == [[Gambar:Books in the monastery museum (5494269533).jpg|jmpl| Naskah-naskah mawi iluminasi ingkang kasimpen ding [[Ura Kidane Mehret]], salah satunggaling gedhung [[Geréja Ortodoks Étiopia|gréja Ortodoks Étiopia]] saking abad kaping 16 ing [[Semenanjung Zegé|Tanjung Zegé]], [[Danau Tana]], Étiopia. ]] Para sajarawan kagunan rupa nggolongaken naskah-naskah mawi iluminasi miturut jinis saha périodhe yasanipun, inggih punika naskah paling kéntun piyambak ing périodhe [[Abad Antik]], [[naskah Insular]], [[naskah Karoling]], [[naskah Ottonen]], [[naskah Roman]], [[naskah Gotik]], ugi [[naskah Abad Pembaharuan]]. Ugi wonten sekedhik naskah mawi iluminasi saking périodhe-périodhe ingkang langkung énggal. Jinis-jinis naskah ingkang dipunanggit mawi rerenggan saéngga kadhang-kadhang kasebut ugi mawi sebutan "buku pajangan", bènten-bènten saking setunggal pèriode tumuju pèriode sanèsipun. Ing périodhe milénium kang sepisan, sapérangan ageng saking naskah-naskah punika wujudipun kadosta [[Kitab Injil]], antawisipun [[Kitab Injil Lindisfarne]] saha [[Kitab Kells]]. Ing périodhe Roman, kathah dipunanggit [[Alkitab]] ingkang jangkep ugi mawi iluminasi kang ukuranipun ageng, salah satungaling kitab punika inggih Alkitab ingkang wonten ing [[Swèdhen]]. Betahaken tenaga pustakawan cacah tiga kagem njunjung Alkitab punika. Kathah [[buku Mazmur]] ugi dipunrengga kanthi kathah (malimpah-limpah), ing [[période Roman|périodhe Roman]] punapa déné [[période Gotik|périodhe Gotik]]. Kartu-kartu utawi poster-poster ing saklembaripun mawi bahan dasar vélum, kulit samakan, utawi kertas, ugi sampun dumugi ngendi-ngendi (nyebar dumugi pundi-pundi). Lembaran punika ngemu wos carita-carita cekak utawi légenda-légenda ngenani tiyang-tiyang kudus, kesatria-kesatria budiman, utawi tokoh-tokoh mitos, langkung malih ngenani para durjana, prastawa ing salebeting masyarakat (kemasyarakatan), utawi prastawa-prastawa ingkang gawé takjub tuwin nengsemaken; prastawa-prastawa populèr kadhang kerep dipunsadhur kanthi bébas déning para juru carita saha para lakon kagem nyengkuyung péntasipun panjenengan sedaya. Jinis naskah ingkang pungkasan inggih punika [[buku-buku ibadat harian]], buku sembahyang pribadhi ingkang limrahipun dipunsimpen kaliyan kaum-kaum awam ingkang sugih ugi kadhang kala dipunrengga kanthi iluminasi ingkang malimpah-limpah ing périodhe Gotik. Buku-buku sanèsipun, embuh punika wonten gayutipun kaliyan ibadat dhumateng Gusti punapa sanès, lajeng dipunparingi iluminasi malimpah kathah ing sedaya périodhe. [[Negri Bizantium]] ugi lajeng nganggit naskah-naskah kanthi ragamipun piyambak. Mawarni-marni naskah ingkang dipunanggit ing Bizantium kasebar ugi dumugi negri-negri Ortodoks tuwin Kristen wétan sanèsipun. Kagem kawasan, périodhe, saha jinis sanèsipun, saged mirsani [[Seni rupa Abad Pertengahan|kagunan rupa Abad Pertengahan]]. Daur ulang perkamèn kanthi cara ngerik pérangan jaba utawi permukaanipun saéngga saged dipunginakaken malih inggih punika praktik ingkang sampun lazim ing jaman punika; sisa-sisa ingkang katinggal saking tèks sadèrèngipun kawastanan [[palimpses]]. donya Islam, mliginipun [[Semenanjung Iberia|Tanjung Iberia]], mawi tradhisi melèk aksaranipun ingkang boten kaganggu salamining Abad Pertengahan, sampun paring pambiyantu ingkang kathah ing salebeting dugèkaken karya-karya carik klasik kagem badan ngèlmu kawruh ugi univèrsitas-univèrsitas ingkang saya dangu saya kerep ing Éropa Kilèn ing abad kaping-12, amargi ngasilaken buku-buku kanthi cacah kathah ugi mawi bahan baku dluwang kagem pisananipun wonten ing Éropa, punika ngemu wos babagan risalah-risalah ingkang jangkep ing manéka warna cabang ngèlmu kawruh, utamanipun [[astrologi]] saha [[kedhokteran]], ingkang betahaken [[iluminasi]] kanthi gunggung ingkang kathah ugi saged mujudaken tèks kanthi pas utawi akurat. Ing périodhe gotik, langkung kathah naskah-naskah mawi iluminasi ingkang dipunasilaken, ugi langkung kathah malih naskah-naskah sékulèr ingkang dipuniluminasi, kadosta [[kronik-kronik]] ugi karya-karya sastra. Ing périodhe punika ugi tiyang-tiyang sugih pada miwiti bangun perpustakaan-perpustakaan pribadhi. Mungkin perpustakaan kagunganipun [[Filipus Si Pemberani]] punika minangka dados perpustakaan paling ageng ing pertengangan abad kaping- 15. Boten dipun nyana-nyana biih Filipus punika ngolèksi kinten-kinten 600 naskah mawi iluminasi, manawi dipungatèkake kanca-kancane saha sedhèrèkipun namung ngolèksi kinten-kintan namung pirang lusin kémawon. Dumugi ngantos abad kaping 12, sapérangan ageng naskah dipunanggit ing asrama-asrama kagem kolèksi perpustakaan asrama utawi kagem jangkepi pikajengan utawi [[pesenan]] saking dermawan sugih. asrama-asrama angeng punika sok kadhang kala nyawisaken papan khusus kagem para [[rahib]] kagem yasa utawi nganggit naskah ingkang kasebat skriptorium. ing salebeting ruang skriptorium wonten aré-aré kerja pribadhi, papanipun rahib lenggah saha nganggit naskah tanpa kaganggu kaliyan kanca-kancanipun. manawi boten kagungan skriptorium, asrama wau saged nyisihaken "centhong-centhong alit ingkang saged dikhususaken kagem papan mutrani buku; centhong-centhong punika kedah dipunpilih kanthi prayitna supados masing-masing juru carik saged kagungan jendhéla ingkang madhep ing serambi asrama.<ref name="autogenerated19622">Putnam A.M., Geo. Haven. Books and Their Makers During The Middle Ages. Jil. 1. New York: Hillary House, 1962. Print.</ref> Pamisahan rahib-rahib punika saking saisinipun asrama nedahaken panjenengan-panjenenganipun estu diajèni ugi dihormati salebeting paguyubanipun. Ing abad kaping 14, regu khusus para rahib ingkang nganggit naskah ing ruang skriptorium asrama sampun mèh kémawon kagantos kaliyan sanggar-sanggar skriptorium komèrsial (perkotaan), ingkang mirunggan wonten ing Paris, Roma, ugi negri Walandi.<ref>De Hamel, 45</ref> Nadyan proses yasa naskah mawi ilumminasi boten ngantos ngalami owahan, ananging geseripun saking asrama-asrama tumuju ing lingkungan komèrsial inggih punika salah satunggaling langkah ingkang kagolong prakarti ingkang radhikal. Panyuwunan naskah saya inggil ugi pesat ngantos-ngantos perpustakaan-perpustakaan asrama ngantos kabanting-banting umpaminipun ing salebeting nyekapi punapa ingkang dados pamundhutipun saengga awit punika sampun nyambutdamelaken juru-juru carik ugi iluminator-iluminator saking jawinipun asrama.<ref>De Hamel, 57</ref> Tiyang-tiyang punika umumipun manggèn ing celakipun asrama ugi wonten ing sapérangan kasus, ngagem busana kadya rahib manawi mlebet ing asrama, ananging dipunkeparengaken wangsul manawi wekdal sampun sonten. Ing sanyatanipun, para ilumminator kadhang kala dipunkenal ugi dipunpuji-puji kaliyan tiyang kathah, saha kathah saking tandha-tandha jati diri panjenenganipun sedaya ingkang sintas.<ref>De Hamel, 65</ref> Ing wiwitan, naskah "dipunsrahaken dhumateng [[rubrikator]], ingkang mangké kuwajibanipun, jangkepi (mawi tinta abrit utawi warna sanèsipun) judhul-judhul, j[[udhul-judhul utama]], inisial-inisial bab ugii pérangan-pérangan bab, cathetan-cathetan tuwin sanès-sanèsipun; Salajengipun manawi badhe dipunilustrasi, buku punika kasrahaken dhumateng iluminator." salebeting kasus nalika nganggit naskah-naskah kagem disadé mawi cara komèrsial, panyeratipun "Sampun pasti dirembag rumiyin antawisipun panyuwun naskah punika kaliyan juru carik (agèn juru carik); nanging nalikanipun kempalan tulisan punika dipunsrahaken dhumateng iluminator, sampun boten wonten papan kagem inovasi."<ref>De Hamel, Christopher. Medieval Craftsmen: Scribes and Illuminations. Buffalo: University of Toronto, 1992. hal. 60.</ref> ==<big>Tèknik</big>== [[Gambar:Roman de la Rose f. 28r (Author at writing desk).jpg|jmpl|Panganggit naskah ing papan nyambut damelipun. Abad kaping 14.]] Iluminasi inggih punika salah satunggaling prosès ingkang rumit ugi sok kadhangkala nelasaken prabéya ingkang ageng. Karya iluminasi umumipun dipunkhususaken dhumateng buku-buku ingkang mirunggan: Alkitab kagem altar gréja, kadosta, tiyang-tiyang sugih kadhang kala mesen "[[buku-buku ibadat kegem sabendintenipun]]", ingkang ngemu wos kempalan donga-donga kagem wekdal-wekdal sembahyang salebeting [[dinten liturgi]]. Ing kawitaning Abad Pertengahan, sapérangan ageng buku dipundamel ing asrama-asrama, kagem kaperluwan utawi kabutuhan asrama punika piyambak, kagem dipundadosaken sesajen, punapa déné kagem nyekapi panyuwunan. Nadyan kala wau, sanggar-sanggar skriptorium komèrsial setunggal mawi setunggal padha muncul ing kutha-kutha ageng, istimewanipun ing [[Paris]], ugi [[Itali]]a, sarta negri [[Walanda|Walandi]]. Ing pangujung abad kaping 14 sampun wonten industri kegem nganggit naskah ingkang ([[signifikan]]). Industri punika ugi njawil marang agèn-agèn ingkang kagungan kuwajiban tugis nyatet pesenan-pesenan utawi panyuwunan saking tebih-tebih, sarta rincianipun lambang pribadhi ingkang nyuwun (mesen), ugi tiyang-tiyang kudus ingkang dipunpenginaken (kagem pananggalan ing salebeting buku ibadat sabendinanipun). Ing pangujung Abad Pertengahan, kathah saking para pelukis inggih punika kaum wanodya, mliginipun ing [[Paris]]. ===<big>Tèks</big>=== Salebeting yasa utawi nganggit naskah mawi iluminasi, umumipun tèks dipuntulis rumiyin. Lembaran-lembarann [[perkamèn]] utawi [[vélum]], inggih punika kulit kéwan ingkang sampun dipunolah mawi cara khusus ngantos dados mèdhia tulis, dipuniris-iris dados lembaran-lembaran kaca kanthi ukuran ingkang trep. Sawisipun sedata tata panggènan isinipun naskah dipunrancang kanthi mateng ( kadosta, papanipun huruf-huruf kapital inisial ugi gambar-gambar bingkai kaca), garis-garis minangka tandha saking garis dipungorèsaken kanthi tipis ing lembaran kala wau mawi pang ingkang landhep (runcing). Salajengipun juru carik wiwit yasa utawi nganggit kanthi (buli-buli tinta) tuwin [[péna bulu]] utawi [[kalam]] ingkang sampun diruncingaken. Jinis hurup kagem nulis tèks dipunpasaken kaliyan kebiasaan ugi (cita rasa setempat). Hurup-hurup Romawi ingkang kokoh saking kawitaning [[Abad Pertengahan]] suwi suwining wekdal saged kaganti kaliyan jinis-jinis hurup sanèsipun, kadosta hurup [[unksial]] saha hurup separo unksial, khuhusipun ing [[Kepulauan Britania]], papan kagem ngembangaken jinis-jinis hurup ingkang khas kadosta [[hurup mayuskula insular]] tuwin [[hurup minuskula insular]]. Hurup cemeng ingkang padhet ugi kagungan tèkstur kados pisanan medal kinten-kinten abad kaping 13 ugi dados sanget populèr, mliginipun ing pangujung Abad Pertengahan. Paléografi inggih punika kajian ngenani hurup-hurup tulisan carik ingkang kagungan nilai sejarah, ugi kodikologi inggih punika kajian ngenani aspèk-aspèk fisik sanèsipun saking kodèks-kodèks naskah. Salah saiwjining unsur ingkang èstu penting salebeting yasa utawi nganggit naskah mawi iluminasi inggih punika kathahipun wekdal ingkang dipuntelasaken ing tahap praprodhuksi kagem nyiapaken warangka naskah punika. Ing wekdal saderengipun naskah dipunanggit, naskah dipunrancang rumiyin kanthi prayitna, "Selembar kaca (halaman) mawi tulisan hurup cemeng, punika sampun dados barang lumrah ing périodhe [[Gotik]], badhe katingal minangka salembar kaca ingkang mawi wos hurup-hurup ingkang dipuntulus dhèmpèt-dhèmpètan saha seseg-sesegan, ing salah satunggaling format ingkang dipundominasi hurup-hurup ageng mawi rerenggan, ingkang dipuntedhak saking wujud aksara unksial utawi ingkang dipunpasaken kaliyan sedaya ilustrasi."<ref>Anderson, Donald M. The Art of Written Forms: The Theory and Practice of Calligraphy. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Inc, 1969. Print.</ref> Kagem nyegah kaulangipun yasa naskah-naskah ugi iluminasi-iluminasi ingkang kirang saé kados punika, limrahipun tulisan punika dipunwuwuhaken kala rumiyin, "ugi bidhang-bidhang kothong dipunsisihaken kagem dhekorasi. Bab punika dipunrancang kanthi prayitna sanget déning juru carik, langkung malih sadèrèngipun péna dipungores ing perkamèn punika."manawi juru carik ugi iluminator boten dipunayahi kaliyan setunggal tiyang ingkang sami, maka rencana praproduksi dadosaken kedah dipuncawisaken ruang utawi papan ingkang (memadai) kagem asil karya panjenengan punika sedaya masing-masing. ===<big>Prosès yasa iluminasi</big>=== [[Gambar:Illumination_process.svg|jmpl|langkah-langkah ingkang limrah salebeting yasa (nganggit) naskah mawi iluminasi, wiwit saking damel kuras dumugi ngantos panjilidan.]] [[Gambar:Illumination_execution.gif|jmpl| '''TAHAP-TAHAPING NGILUMINASI''' '''I.''' Maringi tandha warangka gambar mawi titik-titik saking bubuk grafit. '''II.''' Damel gambar mawi gerip pérak. '''III.''' Dadosaken gambar tambah jelas mawi tinta. '''IV.''' Nyawisaken (permukaan) bidhang gambar kagem mangké lajeng dipunsepuh kaliyan emas keranjang. '''V.''' Nyepuhaken emas keranjang. '''VI.''' Nggilapaken emas keranjang kersanipun kinclong. '''VII.''' Nambahaken (guratan) renggan supados emas keranjang saya kelèt. '''VIII.''' Bubuhaken warni-warni dhasar. '''IX.''' Nambahaken warni-warni peteng supados gambar kagungan kesan timbul. '''X.''' Nambahaken detail-detail gambar. '''XI.''' Bubuhakaen detail tambahan mawi warni-warni ingkang padhang. '''XII.''' Jelasaken sakiwa tengening pérangan saka ing gambar mawi tinta minangka ngrampungaken iluminasi punika. ]] [[Gambar:Thomas_Becket_Murder.JPG|jmpl|Salah satunggaling iluminasi manuskrip abad kaping 13, gambar prastawa paukuman mati Thomas Becket, minangka foto paling sepuh ingkang dipunsumerepi.]] Tahapan-tahapan ing ngandhap inggih punika pethingan saking sedaya warangka kegiatan salebeting yasa iluminasi-iluminasi ing salah satunggaling kaca ing naskah: #'''Damel gambar mawi gerip pérak.''' #'''Nyepuhaken emas.''' #'''Bubuhaken warni-warni ingkang utami.''' #'''Nglanjutaken tigang tahap utami sarta yasa warangka gambar-gambar hiasan ing sapinggiring kaca (halaman).''' #'''Nggambar rinceau utawi rerenggan ingkang awujud sulur-suluran minangka rerenggan marjin ing saben kaca.''' #'''Maringi warna gambar-gambar renggan marjin kaca punika'''.<ref>Calkins, Robert G. "Stages of Execution: Procedures of Illumination as Revealed in an Unfinished Book of Hours." International Center of Medieval Art 17.1 (1978): 61–70. JSTOR.org. Web. 17 April 2010. <http://www.jstor.org/stable/766713></ref> Iluminasi ugi rerenggan limrahipun sampun dipunrancang nalikaning naskah arsa dipunyasa, inggih punika ugi mawi bidhang kothong ingkang kedah dipunsisihaken kagem nampung sedaya renggan punika. Nadyan makaten, panulisan tèks limrahipun dipundamel langkung rumiyin sadèrèngipun naskah dipunsukani iluminasi. Ing kawitaning Abad Pertengahan, tèks ugi iluminasi sok kadhangkala dipundamel sekaliyan déning tiyang-tiyang ingkang sami, umumipun déning para rahib. Ananging ing [[puncaking Abad Pertengahan]], tèks saha iluminasi limrahipun dipunyasa kanthi cara misah, kajaba kagem inisial-inisial ugi rerenggan-rerenggan tambahan ing hurup ingkang kaulang. Ing abad kaping-14, sampun wonten sanggar-sanggar kriya ingkang mrodhuksi naskah-naskah, ugi ing kawitaning abad kaping-15, sapérangan ageng naskah-naskah ingkang saé piyambak dipunyasa ing sanggar-sanggar punika kagem nyekapi panyuwunan, langkung malih panyuwunan saking asrama-asrama. manawi payeratan tèks sampun paripurna, ilustrator lajeng siap-siap kagem nyambut damel. Gambar-gambar ingkang rumit (angèl) sampun dipunrancang sadèrèngipun, saged dipunpastèkaken ing papan-papan mawi lapis lilin, buku skétsa ing wanci punika. Gambar-gambar rancangan punika salajengipun dipuntedhak utawi dipunputrani ing (permukaan) vélum, (mingunakaken dom utawi alat kanggé nggorès sanèsipun, kadya ing prosès yasa [[Kitab Injil Lindisfarne]]). Sakpunika kathahipun naskah ingkang nembé separo dados saking mawarni-warni périodhe mawi sampun cetha nyingkap métodhe-métodhe ingkang natos dipunginaken ing prosès yasa (nganggit) naskah. Ing sedaya périodhe, sapérangan ageng naskah ingkang dipunkasilaken boten momot gambar. Ing kawitaning Abad Pertengahan, naskah-naskah condhong dipunkasilaken ing salebeting kalih kategori inggih punika tujuanipun dipundamel, inggih punika kagem dipunginakaken minagka buku pajangan ingkang sarat kaliyan iluminasi,punapa kagem kaperluwan pasinaon ingkang dipunrengga kanthi inisial-inisial renggan saha rerenggan-rerenggan tambahan ing hurup. Ing périodhe Roman, langkung kathah malih naskah ingkang dipunsukani rerenggan utawi [[inisial-inisial mawi riwayat]] (sajarahipun), ugi naskah-naskah ingkang kagem kaperluwan pasinaonan kerep sanget muat sapérangan gambar, nadyan kadhangkala boten dipunsukani warni. Conhongipun punika saya nambah ing périodhe Gotik, manawi sapérangan ageng naskah ingkang dipunasilaken sakirang-kirangipun kagungan rerenggan tambahan ing bagian hurup tertentu, ugi taksih kathah malih naskah ingkang ngemot gambar. Buku-buku pajangan, mliginipun ingkang dipunasilaken ing périodhe Gotik, dipunisi kaliyan warangka-warangka rerenggan utawi motif sulur-suluran, ingkang sok kadhangkala dipunsisipi [[droleri-droleri]] alit. Setunggal lembar kaca naskah ingkang dipun yasa ing périodhe Gotik saged ngemu sapérangan jinis rerenggan: salah satunggaling miniatur ing warangka, salah satunggaling inisial mawi riwayat ing awal setuggal bait tèks, ugi salah sawiining jinis warangka renggan ingkang dipunsisipi gambar-gambar droleri. Kadhang kala inis rerenggan ingkang benten punika dipunyasa déning juru kagunan ingkang sanès ugi. ===<big>Migunakaken warni ing salebeting naskah-naskah mawi iluminasi</big>=== manawi sepuhan emas minangka salah satunggaling tampilan ingkang paling nengsemaké saking naskah-naskah mawi iluminasi, kanthi punika padhuwan warni-warni ingkang kendel ngasilaken lapisna-lapisan dhimènsi ing iluminasi. Saking sudhut pandhang rèligius, "Manéka warni ingkang dipunginaken ing ilustrasi buku, boten kirang layang amargi kagungan manéka warnarahmat saking hikmah surgawi."manawi pujangga réligius nganggep badanipun minangka ejawantah sapérangan saking kamulyaning Allah ingkang boten wonten telasipun ing salebeting karya-karya panjenengan punika sadaya, kathah ilustrasi saged dipunhubungaken utawi dipunsautaken kaliyan "Sajarah saking tèks-tèks ingkang badhe dipunilustrasi sarta kabutuhan tuwin (cita rasa) saking para pamaosipun."<ref name="jrank12">"Manuscript." http://arts.jrank.org/pages/9716/Manuscript.html. Web. 17 April 2010.</ref> Wrni dadosaken gambar-gambar salebeting lembaran naskah katon gesang ugi nengsemaken pamaos. Tanpa warni, dhampak saking gambar naskah punika arsa ical sedayanipun. ===<big>Prosès wewarnan</big>=== Para juru kagunan Abad Pertengahan kagungan (perbendaharaan) warni ingkang sugih; ing ngandhap inggih punika dhaftar sapérangan bahan pewarna ingkang dipunginakaken. Kajaba saking punika, bahan-bahan anèh kadosta toya kagunan ugi reregeding talingan ugi dipunginakaken salebeting ngramu pewarna punika.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.humanities.uci.edu/spanishandportuguese/spanish/medievaliberia/manuscript_glossary_O-P.html |title=Iberian manuscripts (pigments) |access-date=2019-11-06 |archive-date=2003-03-29 |archive-url=https://archive.is/20030329222834/http://www.humanities.uci.edu/spanishandportuguese/spanish/medievaliberia/manuscript_glossary_O-P.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> {| class="wikitable" !Warni !Pawarna |- !Abang |Pawarni saking serangga, antawisipun: *[[Karmin]], campuran [[asam karminat]] saking serangga ''Dactylopius Coccus'' ugi [[sarem aluminium]]; *[[Kirmizi]] utawi [[zat mérah padham]], dipunékstraksi saking serangga ''Kermes Vermilio;'' saha *[[Lak]], damar [[(merah jingga)]] ingkang dipunkasilaken déning sapérangan jinising serangga. Pawarna saking bahan kimiawi ugi mineral, antawisipun: *[[Timbal abrit]], ing ilmu kimia kawastanan [[timbal tetroksida]], PB<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4,</sub> dipunpikantukaken mawi cara alami saking mineral [[minium]], utawi dipundamel kanthi cara manasaken timbal pethak; *[[Vermilion]], ing Ngèlmu kimia kawastanan [[mèrkuri sulfida]], HgS, pikantuk saking cara ingkang alami saking mineral [[sinabar]]; *[[Karat]], ing ngèlmu kimia kawastanan hidrat [[ferioksida]], Fe<small>2</small>O<small>3.''n''</small>H<small>2</small>O, utawi bijih besi. |- ! Jenar |Pawarna saking tetuwuhan, antawisipun: * Reseda, dipunolah saking tetuwuhan ''Reseda Luteola;'' * Kunyit, saking tetuwuhan ''Curcuma Longa;'' ugi * Kuma-kuma, arang sanget digunakan amargi reginipun ingkang awis, saking tetuwuhan ''Crocus Sativus.'' Pawarna saking mineral, antawisipun: *[[Hartal]], zat warni lemah ingkang dipunpikantukaken kanthi cara alami saking mineral [[limonit]]; ugi * Orpimèn, ing ngèlmu kimia kawastanan [[arsèn trisulfida]], As<small>2</small>S<small>3</small>. |- ! Ijo | *[[Verdigris]], ing ngèlmu kimia kawastanan [[kupri asetat]], Cu(OAc)<small>2.</small>(H<small>2</small>O)<small>2,</small> miturut sajarah dipundamel kanthi cara nggodhog semprèngan [[tembaga]] ing salebeting larutan [[cuka]]; *[[Malakit]], sijinising mineral ingkang wonten ing alam, ing ngèlmu kimia kawastanan [[tembaga karbonat]] dasar, Cu<small>2</small>CO<small>3.</small>(OH)<small>2;</small> dan *''Ijo gadhung,'' jinising pawarna saking tetuwuhan ingkang dipunékstrak saking woh buni [[Rhamnus tinctoria]] |- ! Biru |Pawarna saking tetuwuhan, antawisipun: *[[Wasmah]], dipunkasilaken saking godhong tuwuhan (taneman) ''[[Isatis tinctoria]];'' *[[Nila]] dipunkasilaken saking taneman ''Indigofera tinctoria''; ugi * Folium, dipunkasilaken saking taneman ''[[Crozophora tinctoria]].'' Pawarna saking bahan kimiawi saha mineral, antawisipun: *[[Biru laut]], dipundamel saking mineral [[lapislazuli]] atau [[azurit]]; ugi *[[Kaca kobalt]], sakpunika kawastanan [[biru kobalt.]] |- ! Pethak | *[[Timbal pethak]], ing ngèlmu kimia kawastanan kaliyan [[timbal karbonat dasar]], 2PbCO<small>3.</small>Pb(OH)<small>2,</small> miturut sajarah dipundamel kanthi cara nèyèngaken ([[mengaratkan]]) sempringan [[timbal]] mawi cuka, salajengipun dipunbungkus mawi benda-benda ingkang saged bosok, kadosta [[telèk kéwan]], minangka supados [[Karbon dioksida|karbondioksida]] saged dipunkasilaken. Karbondioksida punika mangké dipunginakaken kagem [[réaksi kimia]]; ugi *[[Kapur]], ing ngèlmu kimia kawastanan [[kalsium karbonat]], CaCO <sub>3</sub> . |- ! Cemeng | *[[Karbon]], saking [[jelaga (awu)]], [[arang]], ugi asil pangobangan balung utawi [[gadhing]]; *[[Sepia]], saking tinta sotong; ugi * Tinta wesi makajané, ing Abad Pertengahan dipundamel saking paku wesi ingkang dipungodhog ing larutan cuka; [[senyawa]] ingkang dipunkasilaken salajengipun dipuncampur kaliyan sari [[makajané]] (puru wit tarbatin). |- ! Emas | *[[Emas keranjang]], emas ingkang dipuntempa saéngga ngantos tipis-tipis, utawi bubuk emas, dipunkelètaken kaliyan gom arab utawi endog, punika kawastanan ''emas cangkang.'' |- ! Pérak | *[[Pérak]], pérak krenjang punapa déné bubuk, sami kaliaj emas; ugi *[[Timah krenjang]], sami kaliyan emas. |} ===<big>Panyepuhan</big>=== [[Gambar:Sakramentarz_tyniecki_02.jpg|jmpl|''Sakramentarium Tyniec'' saking abad kaping 11, dipuntulis mawi mangsi emas ing (latar wuri) ungu.]] Salah satunggaling naskah mawi iluminasi dipunanggep kanthi temenan mawi iluminasi manawi salah setunggaling utawi langkung iluminasi ing salebeting naskah punika dipun rengga kanthi wontenipun [[emas krenjang]] utawi emas urai ingkang dipunsepuhaken kanthi tèknik upam. Sepuhan emas ing salah satunggaling iluminasi nyirataken maneka warni makna hubunganipun kaliyan naskah punika. manawi sipating tèks punika rèligius, mangké prosès mbubuhi emas minangka tandha kurmat ugi mulyakaken tèks punika.ing abad-abad kawitan agama Kristen, "naskah-naskah [[Injil]] kadhangkala dipuntulis sedaya kanthi migunakaken mangsi emas (prada)."<ref>De Hamel, Christopher. The British Library Guide to Manuscript Illumination: History and Techniques. Toronto: University of Toronto, 2001. Print, 52.</ref> Kajaba dadosaken tèks katon nengsemaken, juru-juru carik wekdal samanten punika ugi kagungan pamikir bilih migunaaken emas punika minangka wujud mulyakaken Allah. Minangka tuladhanipun, "Lukisan riwayat gesangipun Kristus dipundamel langkung éndah ugi kagungan latar wingking emas ing tengah-tengah kathahing gambar (adegan perburuan), lomba, tuwin makhluk gaib."<ref name="newadvent19102">Brehier, Louis. “Illuminated Manuscripts.” The Catholic Encyclopedia. Jil.9. New York: Robert Appelton Company, 1910. 17 April 2010 http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09620a.htm</ref> Kajaba saking punika, emas ugi dipunginaaken manawi tiyang ingkang pesen naskah kepingin mamèraken kasugiihanipun. Ing wekdal mangkénipun bubuhi emas ing naskah-naskah kathah dipunayahi kaliyan tiyang-tiyang, "saéngga nilainipun minangka pratandha statusing janma dados mudhun."<ref>De Hamel, Christopher. Medieval Craftsmen: Scribes and Illuminations. Buffalo: University of Toronto, 1992. Print, 49.</ref> Salamining wekdal punika, reginipun emas dados mirah saengga bubuhi naskah-naskah mawi iluminasi kanthi mangsi emas namung dipunregani agengipun sepersedasa saking prabeya yasa naskah punika.<ref name="Brehier2">Brehier, Louis. “Illuminated Manuscripts.” The Catholic Encyclopedia. Jil.9. New York: Robert Appelton Company, 1910. 17 April 2010 http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09620a.htm, kaca 45.</ref> Kanthi cara nambah méwahing naskah, (penggunaan) emas ing salebeting yasa iluminasi sampun ngasilaken karya-karya kagunanng ingkang taksih dipunregani dumugi sakpunika. Dipunbubuhaken emas kranjang utawi emas urai ing salah satunggaling iluminasi inggih punika prosès ingkang saèstu rumit saéngga namung iluminator-iluminator ingkang mahir kémawon ingkang saged nindakaken pakaryan punika. Bab ingkang sepisan ingkang dados dasaring tetimbangan iluminator manawi badhe bubuhaken emas inggih punika punapa [[emas kranjang]] utawi emas urai ingkang kados pundi ingkang saé manawi dipunginakaken. manawi iluminator arsa migunakaken emas kranjang, kedahipun emas punika dipuntempa ngantos tipis nglangkungi tipisipun kertas ingkang paling tipis." Emas ingkang dipunagem ing bab punika bisa kémawon mujudaken mawarni-warni pérangan saking tèks ingkang saged dipun damelwarngka mawi garis emas. Wonten sapérangan cara nyapokaken emas ing salah satunggaling iluminasi, salah setunggaling cara ing paling poluler inggih punika nyampur emas kala rumiyin kaliyan lém héwani lajeng "dipunsuntak ing toya lajeng dipunluluhaken kanthi driji."<ref>Blondheim, D.S. "An Old Portuguese Work on Manuscript Illumination." The Jewish Quarterly Review, New Series 19.2 (1928): 97–135. JSTOR. Web. 17 April 2010. <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1451766>.</ref> Sawisipun sampun dados empuk ugi mlempung ing salebeting toya, emas sampun siap manawi dipunsapokaken wonten lembaran naskah. Para iluminator kedah ngatos-atos sanget nalikanipun nyapokaken emas punika supados naskah kersanipun boten rusak warni sadèrèngipun ingkang dipun bubuhaken nalikanipun iluminasi. Emas Kranjang sipatipun gampil sanget kelet ing sedaya warni pawarna ingkang langkung rumiyin sampun dipunbubuhaken, saéngga saged ngrisak sedaya rancanganipun. Kajaba saking punika prosès panginclongan dipunleksanakanen kanthi cara medalaken sedaya daya saéngga risiko sanget dhumateng lukisan-lukisan kala wau amargi emas punika saged malubèr tumuju pérangan sakiwa tengenipun." Pambubuhan emas kanthi boten waspada saged ngrisak pérangn-pérangan iluminasi ingkang langkung rumiyin sampun dipun yasa saéngga sedaya lembaran kapeksa kedah dipungantos. ==<big>Para patron kagunan iluminasi</big>== asrama-asrama ngasilaken naskah-naskah kagem dipunanggé piyambak; naskah-naskah ingkang dipunsarati iluminasi ing ngajengipun namung kagem tujuan sarana paribadatan, ing sanès bab naskah-naskah kolèksi perpustakaan asrama ngemu wos tèks-tèks ingkang katingal langkung prasaja. Ing périodhe kala rumiyin, naskah-naskah kadhangkala dipunyasa amargi panyuwunanipun para panguwasa supados saged dipunanggé piyambak utawi dipundadosaken tandha mata diplomatik. Kathah naskah kuno ingkang dipunkasilaken kanthi cara kados punika, malah ugi ngantos [[kawitaning Zaman Modern|kawitaning jaman Modern]]. Kawit buku ibadat dinan sampun dados populèr, tiyang-tiyang sugih sami remen pesen buku-buku ibadat padinan mawi iluminasi kanggé dipundadosaken sarana pratandha status utawi drajad ing madyaning masyarakat, saéngga buku-buku kados makaten kadhang-kadhang ngemu potrèt utawi lambang pribadhi ingkang mesen: Ïng lukisan ingkang nggambaraken kisah Perjanjian Anyar, sosok Kristus lajeng dipunyasa langkung ageng tinimbang sosok rasul, ugi sosok rasul lajeng dipunyasa langkung ageng malih tinimbang sosok figuran, ambyog ingkang mesen ingkang (rendah hati) utawi pelukis piyambak badhe dipuntampilaken minangka sosok alit ing sudhut lukisan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bl.uk/catalogues/illuminatedmanuscripts/GlossH.asp|title=Heraldry|date=n.d.|access-date=14 Dhésèmber 2015|website=Glossary for Illuminated Manuscripts|publisher=British Library|last=|first=|archive-date=2015-02-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150226084447/http://www.bl.uk/catalogues/illuminatedmanuscripts/GlossH.asp|url-status=dead}}</ref> Pananggalan ing salebeting buku-buku ibadat padinan punika dipunyasa kanthi sipating langkung pribadhi, inggih punika kanthi nonjolaken tanggal-tanggal ngenani acaranipun tiyang-tiyang kudus ing papan punika utawi santo-santa pangayoming anggota-anggota kulawarga ingkang mesen. Wonten ing pangujung Abad Pertengahan, kathah naskah ingkang dipunyasa kanthi tujuan dipundistribusèkaken liwat salah satunggaling jaringan agèn. Ing naskah-naskah punika wonten pérangan-pérangan ingkang sengaja dipunkothongaken kagem mangkenipun badhé dipunisi piyambak déning tiyang ingkang tumbas lukisan lambang ingkang dipunminati punika. Detail ugi kaéndahanipun ingkang nengsemaken nuduhaken bilih bubuhipun iluminasi boten natos saged dipunleksanakaken tanpa rancangan ingkang mateng. Bubuhaken iluminasi kagungan mupangat rangkep, inggih punika nambah nilai salah satunggaling karya tulis ugi ingkang langkung penting malih, nampilaken gambar-gambar tumraping golongan wuta aksara ing salebeting masyarakat ingkang "Dadosaken pamaosipun kraos langkung nyata, gampil, ugi bisa saged langkung dipercados." ==<big>Gladri</big>== <gallery heights="190" mode="packed"> Gambar:Illuminated.bible.closeup.arp.jpg|Hurup P dipunsunari amrih padhang ing Kitab Malmesbury. Hurup ingkang dipunginakaken kanggé nyerat naskah inggih punika ([[aksara cemeng]]) ingkang ugi kawastanan kalian nama serat Gotik. Gambar:Bernhard von Clairvaux (Initiale-B).jpg|Santo [[Bernardus dari Clairvaux]], saking salah satunggaling naskah mawi iluminasi [[Abad Pertengahan]]. Gambar:Monk tasting wine from a barrel.jpg|Rahib pangreksa gudhang nyicipi Bir anggur saking salah satunggaling tahang kanthi ugi ngisi buyung, saking ''Li Livres dou Santé'' karya Aldobrandino saking Siena, Prancis, wingking abad kaping-13. Gambar:BookDimmaEvangelistPortrait.jpg|[[Kitab Dimma]], Kitab Injil saku Irlandia, abad kaping-8. Gambar:Georgian MSS (213).jpg|[[Kitab Injil Adisyi]] saking [[Georgia]], 897. Gambar:Haggadah 15th cent.jpg|Naskah [[Haggadah]] mawi iluminasi, donga [[Paskah]] [[Yahudi]], abad kaping-14. Gambar:Pentecost 01.jpg|Dina Pentakosta, saking salah satunggaling naskah [[liturgi]] Katolik mawi iluminasi, ''[[circa|ca.]]'' 1310-1320. </gallery><gallery heights="160" mode="packed"> Gambar:Girart de Roussillon (full page).jpg|Nikahing Girart kalawan Bertha, saking ''Roman de [[Girart de Roussillon]]'', ''ca.'' 1450. Gambar:Illuminated.bible.arp.jpg|Hurup P mawi iluminasi ing salebeting Alkitab [[Biara Malmesbury]], [[Wiltshire]], [[Inggris]], 1407. Gambar:Armenian-manuscript-CIMG1727.JPG|Riwayatipun Jovhannes, naskah mawi iluminasi [[bahasa Armenia|Armenia]], 1053. Gambar:Alexander’s third victory over Darius.jpg|Menangipun kaping tiganya [[Aleksander Agung]] kalawan [[Darius III|Darius]], iluminasi Flandria saking abad kaping-15. Gambar:Richard de Clare coat of arms.jpg|Buku catetan para piadeg saha penderma [[Biara Tewkesbury]], purwaning abad kaping-16. Gambar:Rochefoucauld Grail.jpg|[[Rochefoucauld Grail]], nalikaning tahun 1315. Gambar:Chronicon Pictum P050 A ménfői csata.JPG|[[Pertempuran Ménfő]], salebeting ''[[Chronicon Pictum]]'' [[Bangsa Honggari|Honggari]], 1360. Gambar:Ethiopian, Illuminated Manuscript, 18th century.jpg|''Naskah beriluminasi'' yasan [[Etiopia]], abad kaping-18, ''[[Princeton University Art Museum]]''. </gallery> ==<big>Rujukan</big>== {{Reflist|2}} ==<big>Waosan langkung lanjut</big> == * Bland, David. ''A History of Book Illustration: The Illuminated Manuscript and the Printed Book'' (London: Faber & Faber, 1958) * Coleman, Joyce, Mark Cruse, and Kathryn A. Smith, eds. ''The Social Life of Illumination: Manuscripts, Images, and Communities in the Late Middle Ages'' (Series: Medieval Texts and Cultures in Northern Europe, jil. 21. Turnhout: Brepols Publishing, 2013). xxiv + 552 kaca [http://www.h-france.net/vol14reviews/vol14no159booton.pdf tinjauan daring] * De Hamel, Christopher. ''A History of Illuminated Manuscript'' (Phaidon, 1986) * De Hamel, Christopher. ''Medieval Craftsmen: Scribes and Illuminations''. Buffalo: University of Toronto, 1992. * Lazaris, Stavros. "L’illustration des disciplines médicales dans l’Antiquité: hypothèses, enjeux, nouvelles interprétations", salebeting: ''La Collezione di testi chirurgici di Niceta (Firenze, Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana, Plut. 74.7). Tradizione medica classica a Bisanzio'', M. Bernabò (ed.), Roma, 2010, kaca.&nbsp;99-109 [https://www.academia.edu/1387609/_L_illustration_des_disciplines_médicales_dans_l_Antiquité_hypothèses_enjeux_nouvelles_interprétations_]. * Lazaris, Stavros. "L’image paradigmatique: des Schémas anatomiques d’Aristote au De materia medica de Dioscoride", '' Pallas, 93 (2013), hal. 131-164 .'' * Lazaris, Stavros. "Art et science vétérinaire à Byzance: Formes et fonctions de l’image hippiatrique". Turnhout: Brepols, 2010 [http://www.academia.edu/793657/Art_et_science_v%C3%A9t%C3%A9rinaire_%C3%A0_Byzance._Formes_et_fonctions_de_l_image_hippiatrique] * Morgan, Nigel J., Stella Panayotova, dan Martine Meuwese. ''Illuminated Manuscripts in Cambridge: A Catalogue of Western Book Illumination in the Fitzwilliam Museum and the Cambridge Colleges'' (London: ''Harvey Miller Publishers'' nyambut damel sesarengan kaliyan ''Modern Humanities Association''. 1999- ) * Rudy, K.M. ''[http://www.openbookpublishers.com/product/477/piety-in-pieces--how-medieval-readers-customized-their-manuscripts Piety in Pieces: How Medieval Readers Customized their Manuscripts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190718115414/https://www.openbookpublishers.com/product/477/piety-in-pieces--how-medieval-readers-customized-their-manuscripts |date=2019-07-18 }}'' (Open Book Publishers, 2016) * Wieck, Roger. "Folia Fugitiva: The Pursui of the Illuminated Manuscript Leaf". ''Jurnal Walters Art Gallery'', Jil. 54, 1996. ==<big>Pranala jaba</big>== ===<big>Gambar</big>=== * [http://manuscripts.kb.nl/ Naskah-Naskah mawi iluminasi Abad Pertengahan] Naskah-naskah mawi iluminasi dhigital saking Perpustakaan Karaton Walandi. * [http://www.kb.nl/en/themes/middle-ages/highlights-from-medieval-manuscripts Musiyum Buku, Den Haag. Pengantar tematis, mawi kathah tuladhaning ilustrasi] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904093320/https://www.kb.nl/en/themes/middle-ages/highlights-from-medieval-manuscripts |date=2015-09-04 }} * [http://www.english.cam.ac.uk/medieval/ Proyek Universitas Cambridge] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180704190246/http://www.english.cam.ac.uk/medieval/ |date=2018-07-04 }} – nomor-nomor mawi warna dipuntautaken kaliyan gambar-gambar ingkang saé piyambak saking maneka warni kolèksi; nambah langkung cepetipun (pencarian) gambar subyèk-subyèk tertentu. * [http://www.getty.edu/art/gettyguide/exploreArt?typ=2033122 Naskah-naskah mawi iluminasi ing Musiyum J. Paul Getty – Los Angeles] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060917232041/http://www.getty.edu/art/gettyguide/exploreArt?typ=2033122 |date=2006-09-17 }} * [http://www.manuscritsenlumines.fr/ Portal naskah-naskah salebeting kolèksi-kolèksi publik Prancis] basis-basis data ageng, ing basa Prancis * [http://digital.library.louisville.edu/cdm/landingpage/collection/mss/ Lembaran-lembaran naskah mawi iluminasi] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191101022719/http://digital.library.louisville.edu/cdm/landingpage/collection/mss/ |date=2019-11-01 }} Naskah-naskah mawi iluminasi dhigital saking Perpustakaan Universitas Louisville * [http://www.illuminations.ca/images/st-catherine.jpg] Naskah-naskah mawi iluminasi dhigital saking Kathrine Zipista * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060114090741/http://www.heraklia.fws1.com/contemporaries/cicero/ Naskah-naskah Abad Pertengahan ugi Abad Pembaharuan, kadosta buku-buku Ibadat Padinan, kitab-kitab Vulgata, saha tulisan-tulisan kedokteran ingkang dipunrengga kanthi cara malimpah ruwah, abad kaping 12 dumugi kaping 17, ''Center for Digital Initiatives'', Perpustakaan Universitas Vermont] * [http://libx.bsu.edu/cdm4/collection.php?CISOROOT=/IlluminManu Kolèksi naskah-naskah mawi iluminasi dhigital] saking ''Digital Media Repository'', Ball State University * [https://web.archive.org/web/20150404103508/http://digitalcollections.library.ubc.ca/cdm/landingpage/collection/logrono Naskah Kidung Spanyol] – Salah setunggaling kumpulan naskah mawi iluminasi Spanyol saking kolèksi-kolèksi dhigital Perpustakaan UBC * [http://www.thedigitalwalters.org/01_ACCESS_WALTERS_MANUSCRIPTS.html Naskah-naskah mawi iluminasi dhigital] – Salah satunggaling pernagkat lengkap gambar arsip kanthi résolusi inggil saking sedaya naskah kolèksi ''Walters Art Musiyum'' * [https://web.archive.org/web/20221219220320/https://lichfield.ou.edu/ Naskah-naskah Katedral Lichfield] - Faksimile dhigital saking Kitab Injil Santo Chad, 2010. Ngliputi kemampuan tumpang tindhihing gambar-gambar ingkang dipunfoto kaliyan 13 jinis panyorotan, gambar-gambar ingkang ngandut unsur sajarah (kawit 1887), visualisasi-visualisasi multispektrum, nem belas ''rendering'' 3D interaktif, saha nem belas ''rendering'' RTI interaktif kanggé nyingkap tulisan ''drypoint''. University of Oklahoma * [https://web.archive.org/web/20191118170325/https://lichfield.ou.edu/historical-images Tumpang Tindhih Gambar ingkang ngemu unsur sajarah] - Mirsani prosès(penuaan) ing naskah mawi iluminasi. ===<big>Sumber</big>=== * [http://digital2.library.ucla.edu/viewItem.do?ark=21198/zz0009gx4f Kempalan naskah Abad Pertengahan ugi Abad Pembaharuan ing salebeting Kolèksi-Kolèksi Khusus Perpustakaan UCLA] * [http://www.digital-scriptorium.org Skriptorium Digital] * [http://www.bl.uk/catalogues/illuminatedmanuscripts/welcome.htm Katalog naskah mawi iluminasi, British Library] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130301081526/http://www.bl.uk/catalogues/illuminatedmanuscripts/welcome.htm |date=2013-03-01 }} * [http://www.kb.nl/manuscripts Kempalan naskah-naskah mawi iluminasi.] Saking Koninklijke Bibliotheek tuwin Musiyum Meermanno ing [[Den Haag]]. * [http://www.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk/pharos/sections/making_art/manuscript.html Démonstrasi daring ngenani prosès yasa salah satunggaling naskah mawi iluminasi saking Fitzwilliam, Cambridge] * [http://classes.bnf.fr/phebus/explo/index3b.htm Démonstrasi daring ngenani] [http://www.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk/pharos/sections/making_art/manuscript.html yasa salah satunggaling naskah mawi iluminasi saking] BNF, Paris. Naskah ing basa Prancis, nanging démonstrasi punika langkung kagungan sipat visual. * Nancy Ross, [http://www.nancyross.com/Illuminated_Manuscripts Sumber-sumber babagan naskah-naskah mawi iluminasi Inggris] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160630050622/http://www.nancyross.com/Illuminated_Manuscripts |date=2016-06-30 }}. * British Library, [http://prodigi.bl.uk/illcat/glossary.asp Glosarium istilah-istilah naskah] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061205223621/http://prodigi.bl.uk/illcat/glossary.asp |date=2006-12-05 }}, dipunadaptasi saking buku karya Michelle Brown, ''Understanding Illuminated Manuscripts: A Guide to Technical Terms'' (1994), {{ISBN|0-89236-217-0}} * Herbert, J. A. (1911), [http://posner.library.cmu.edu/Posner/books/pages.cgi?call=741.64_H53I_1911&file=0012 ''Illuminated Manuscripts''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191021004113/http://posner.library.cmu.edu/Posner/books/pages.cgi?call=741.64_H53I_1911&file=0012 |date=2019-10-21 }}, buku daring. * [[gutenberg:19870|Illuminated Manuscripts]]', Buku karya John W. Bradley, saking Proyèk Gutenberg * [http://corsair.morganlibrary.org/ICAIntro/ICAintroshortdesc.htm CORSAIR] {{Webarchive|url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20120107004956/http://corsair.morganlibrary.org/ICAIntro/ICAintroshortdesc.htm |date=2012-01-07 }}. Éwonan gambar dhigital saking kolèksi naskah Abad Pertengahan saha Abad Pembaharuan kagunganing ''Morgan Library''. * {{CathEncy|wstitle=Illuminated Manuscripts}} * Diringer, David. The Book Before Printing: Ancient, Medieval and Oriental. New York: Dover Publications, Inc, 1982. Print. * Greenia, George D. "The Politics of Piety: Manuscript Illumination and Narration in the Cantigas of De Santa Maria." Hispanic Review 61.3 (1993): 325–44. JSTOR. Web. 17 April 2010.<http://www.jstor.org/stable/475069>. * ''[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ebr0HNnNNrs&feature=share 3D for Presenting Illuminated Manuscripts]'' - Penjelasan prosès yasa modèl 3D kagem Kitab Injil Santo Chad ingkang mawi iluminasi saking abad kaping 8. ===<big>Modhéren</big>=== * [http://www.saintjohnsbible.org Alkitab ''Saint John'']: salah satunggaling proyèk nganggit Alkitab mawi iluminasi * [http://www.efiaf.org ''Ellen Frank Illumination Arts Foundation'':] kagunan iluminasi * [http://www.kbtc.org/page.php?id=330 Iluminasi] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120721025607/http://www.kbtc.org/page.php?id=330 |date=2012-07-21 }} Dhokumèntèr prodhuksi Full Focus ngenani proyèk nganggit Alkitab mawi iluminasi ing asrama Saint John * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nuNfdHNTv9o Yasa Naskah] vidéo karya Musiyum Getty [[Kategori:Naskah]] [[Kategori:Jinising naskah]] [[Kategori:Jinising buku]] [[Kategori:Naskah mawi iluminasi]] [[Kategori:Nakah carik (tulisan tangan)]] ru61x7e3g8gufn83b3b7sl2in60o5k4 FK Kauno Žalgiris 0 164585 1759809 1751477 2026-11-03T11:14:15Z Makenzis 33569 1759809 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Kotak info klub bal-balan |clubname = FK Kauno Žalgiris |current = Mangsa 2026 FK Kauno Žalgiris |image = |fullname = Futbolo klubas Kauno Žalgiris |nickname = ''spirdžiai'' |shortname = Kauno Žalgiris |founded = {{Start date and age|2004||}} |ground = [[Dariaus ir Girėno stadionas]], <br />[[Kaunas]], [[Litowen]] |capacity = 15.000 |chairman = {{flagicon|LTU}} [[Mantas Kalnietis]] |mgrtitle = Manajer|manager = {{flagicon|LTU}} |league = [[TOPLYGA]]<ref>[https://toplyga.lt/naujiena/naujasis-lietuvos-futbolo-cempionato-pavadinimas-toplyga/9300 Naujasis Lietuvos futbolo čempionato pavadinimas – TOPLYGA]</ref> |season = 2026 |position = Ke-1 |website = https://zalgiris.lt/komandos/fk-kauno-zalgiris |pattern_la1=_hummelauthentic20gg |pattern_b1=_hummelauthentic20gg |pattern_ra1=_hummelauthentic20gg |pattern_sh1=_hummelauthentic20gg |pattern_so1=_hummel20gg |leftarm1=00FF00 |body1=00FF00 |rightarm1=00FF00 |shorts1=00FF00 |socks1=00FF00 |pattern_la2=_hummelcoreXKwb |pattern_b2=_hummelcoreXKwb |pattern_ra2=_hummelcoreXKwb |pattern_sh2=_hummelcoreXKwb |pattern_so2=_hummel20w |leftarm2=FFFFFF |body2=FFFFFF |rightarm2=FFFFFF |shorts2=FFFFFF |socks2=FFFFFF }} '''Futbolo klubas Kauno Žalgiris''' inggih punika sawijining klub [[ulah raga]] [[Litowen]]. == Performa di liga == ;FK Spyris {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;" |- !Musim !Tingkat !Liga !Tempat !@ |- | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2013''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2.''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[Pirma lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''5.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2013.html#1lyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2014''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2.''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[Pirma lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''4.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2014.html#1lyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''2015''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''5.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2015.html#alyga</ref> |- |} ; FK Kauno Žalgiris {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;" |- !Säsong !Nivå !Liga !Placering !Webbplats |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''2016''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''8.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2016.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''2017''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''8.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2017.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''2018''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''5.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2018.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''2019''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''4.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2019.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''2020''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#DEB678" style="text-align:center;"| '''3.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2020.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2021''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#DEB678" style="text-align:center;"| '''3.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2021.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2022''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#BBBBBB" style="text-align:center;"| '''2.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2022.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2023''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''4.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2023.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2024''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#DEB678" style="text-align:center;"| '''3.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2024.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2025''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#FFDD00" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2025.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2026''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[TOPLYGA]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2026.html#alyga</ref> |- |} == Skuat == {{updated|2026-07-15}} {{fs start}} {{Fs player|no=22|nat=LTU|pos=GK|name=[[Joris Aliukonis]]}} {{Fs player|no=22|nat=LTU|pos=GK|name=[[Deividas Mikelionis]]}} {{Fs player|no=55|nat=LTU|pos=GK|name=[[Tomas Švedkauskas]]}} |----- ! colspan="9" bgcolor="#B0D3FB" align="left" | |----- bgcolor="#DFEDFD" {{Fs player|no= 2|nat=LTU|pos=DF|name=[[Tautvydas Burdzilauskas]]}} {{Fs player|no= 3|nat=GEO|pos=DF|name=[[Anton Tolordava]]}} {{Fs player|no= 4|nat=DEN|pos=DF|name=[[Luka Račić]]}} {{Fs player|no=37|nat=AUT|pos=DF|name=[[Nosa Iyobosa Edokpolor|Nosa Edokpolor]]}} {{Fs player|no=45|nat=FRA|pos=DF|name=Joris Moutachy}} {{Fs player|no=66|nat=LTU|pos=DF|name=[[Eduardas Jurjonas]]}} {{Fs player|no=77|nat=LTU|pos=DF|name=[[Rokas Lekiatas]]}} |----- ! colspan="9" bgcolor="#B0D3FB" align="left" | |----- bgcolor="#DFEDFD" {{Fs player|no= 7|name=[[Amine Benchaib]]|nat=BEL|pos=MF}} {{Fs player|no= 8|nat=JPN|pos=MF|name=[[Yukiyoshi Karashima]]}} {{Fs player|no=10|nat=LTU|pos=MF|name=[[Gratas Sirgėdas]]}} {{Fs player|no=11|nat=LTU|pos=MF|name=[[Fedor Černych]]}} {{Fs player|no=15|nat=BRA|pos=MF|name=Léo Ribeiro}} {{Fs player|no=17|pos=FW|nat=NGR|name=Oyinlola Kayode}} {{Fs player|no=24|nat=LTU|pos=MF|name=[[Motiejus Burba]]}} {{fs player|no=70|pos=MF|nat=FRA|name=[[Fabien Ourega]]}} |----- ! colspan="9" bgcolor="#B0D3FB" align="left" | |----- bgcolor="#DFEDFD" {{Fs player|no=11|nat=LTU|pos=FW|name=Fedor Černych}} {{Fs player|no=47|nat=LTU|pos=FW|name=Vėjas Pocius}} |----- ! colspan="9" bgcolor="#B0D3FB" align="left" | |----- bgcolor="#DFEDFD" {{fs end}} == Cathetan suku == {{Reflist}} == Pranala njaba == * {{Official|https://zalgiris.lt/komandos/fk-kauno-zalgiris}} * [https://www.facebook.com/fkkaunozalgiris FK Kauno Žalgiris: facebook] * [https://toplyga.lt/komanda/k-zalgiris FK Kauno Žalgiris: toplyga.lt] * [https://int.soccerway.com/teams/lithuania/spyris-kaunas/8413/ FK Kauno Žalgiris: Soccerway] * [https://globalsportsarchive.com/team/soccer/fk-kauno-zalgiris/15855/ Globalsportsarchive] [[Kategori:Tim bal-balan Litowen|Kauno]] ohjojklqgwbcck1gif8ithrn89nkjtj 1759810 1759809 2026-11-03T11:14:35Z Makenzis 33569 /* Performa di liga */ 1759810 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Kotak info klub bal-balan |clubname = FK Kauno Žalgiris |current = Mangsa 2026 FK Kauno Žalgiris |image = |fullname = Futbolo klubas Kauno Žalgiris |nickname = ''spirdžiai'' |shortname = Kauno Žalgiris |founded = {{Start date and age|2004||}} |ground = [[Dariaus ir Girėno stadionas]], <br />[[Kaunas]], [[Litowen]] |capacity = 15.000 |chairman = {{flagicon|LTU}} [[Mantas Kalnietis]] |mgrtitle = Manajer|manager = {{flagicon|LTU}} |league = [[TOPLYGA]]<ref>[https://toplyga.lt/naujiena/naujasis-lietuvos-futbolo-cempionato-pavadinimas-toplyga/9300 Naujasis Lietuvos futbolo čempionato pavadinimas – TOPLYGA]</ref> |season = 2026 |position = Ke-1 |website = https://zalgiris.lt/komandos/fk-kauno-zalgiris |pattern_la1=_hummelauthentic20gg |pattern_b1=_hummelauthentic20gg |pattern_ra1=_hummelauthentic20gg |pattern_sh1=_hummelauthentic20gg |pattern_so1=_hummel20gg |leftarm1=00FF00 |body1=00FF00 |rightarm1=00FF00 |shorts1=00FF00 |socks1=00FF00 |pattern_la2=_hummelcoreXKwb |pattern_b2=_hummelcoreXKwb |pattern_ra2=_hummelcoreXKwb |pattern_sh2=_hummelcoreXKwb |pattern_so2=_hummel20w |leftarm2=FFFFFF |body2=FFFFFF |rightarm2=FFFFFF |shorts2=FFFFFF |socks2=FFFFFF }} '''Futbolo klubas Kauno Žalgiris''' inggih punika sawijining klub [[ulah raga]] [[Litowen]]. == Performa di liga == ;FK Spyris {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;" |- !Musim !Tingkat !Liga !Tempat !@ |- | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2013''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2.''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[Pirma lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''5.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2013.html#1lyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2014''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2.''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[Pirma lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''4.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2014.html#1lyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''2015''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''5.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2015.html#alyga</ref> |- |} ; FK Kauno Žalgiris {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;" |- !Säsong !Nivå !Liga !Placering !Webbplats |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''2016''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''8.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2016.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''2017''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''8.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2017.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''2018''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''5.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2018.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''2019''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''4.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2019.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''2020''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#DEB678" style="text-align:center;"| '''3.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2020.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2021''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#DEB678" style="text-align:center;"| '''3.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2021.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2022''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#BBBBBB" style="text-align:center;"| '''2.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2022.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2023''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''4.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2023.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2024''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#DEB678" style="text-align:center;"| '''3.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2024.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2025''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#FFDD00" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2025.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2026''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[TOPLYGA]]''' | bgcolor="#FFDD00" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2026.html#alyga</ref> |- |} == Skuat == {{updated|2026-07-15}} {{fs start}} {{Fs player|no=22|nat=LTU|pos=GK|name=[[Joris Aliukonis]]}} {{Fs player|no=22|nat=LTU|pos=GK|name=[[Deividas Mikelionis]]}} {{Fs player|no=55|nat=LTU|pos=GK|name=[[Tomas Švedkauskas]]}} |----- ! colspan="9" bgcolor="#B0D3FB" align="left" | |----- bgcolor="#DFEDFD" {{Fs player|no= 2|nat=LTU|pos=DF|name=[[Tautvydas Burdzilauskas]]}} {{Fs player|no= 3|nat=GEO|pos=DF|name=[[Anton Tolordava]]}} {{Fs player|no= 4|nat=DEN|pos=DF|name=[[Luka Račić]]}} {{Fs player|no=37|nat=AUT|pos=DF|name=[[Nosa Iyobosa Edokpolor|Nosa Edokpolor]]}} {{Fs player|no=45|nat=FRA|pos=DF|name=Joris Moutachy}} {{Fs player|no=66|nat=LTU|pos=DF|name=[[Eduardas Jurjonas]]}} {{Fs player|no=77|nat=LTU|pos=DF|name=[[Rokas Lekiatas]]}} |----- ! colspan="9" bgcolor="#B0D3FB" align="left" | |----- bgcolor="#DFEDFD" {{Fs player|no= 7|name=[[Amine Benchaib]]|nat=BEL|pos=MF}} {{Fs player|no= 8|nat=JPN|pos=MF|name=[[Yukiyoshi Karashima]]}} {{Fs player|no=10|nat=LTU|pos=MF|name=[[Gratas Sirgėdas]]}} {{Fs player|no=11|nat=LTU|pos=MF|name=[[Fedor Černych]]}} {{Fs player|no=15|nat=BRA|pos=MF|name=Léo Ribeiro}} {{Fs player|no=17|pos=FW|nat=NGR|name=Oyinlola Kayode}} {{Fs player|no=24|nat=LTU|pos=MF|name=[[Motiejus Burba]]}} {{fs player|no=70|pos=MF|nat=FRA|name=[[Fabien Ourega]]}} |----- ! colspan="9" bgcolor="#B0D3FB" align="left" | |----- bgcolor="#DFEDFD" {{Fs player|no=11|nat=LTU|pos=FW|name=Fedor Černych}} {{Fs player|no=47|nat=LTU|pos=FW|name=Vėjas Pocius}} |----- ! colspan="9" bgcolor="#B0D3FB" align="left" | |----- bgcolor="#DFEDFD" {{fs end}} == Cathetan suku == {{Reflist}} == Pranala njaba == * {{Official|https://zalgiris.lt/komandos/fk-kauno-zalgiris}} * [https://www.facebook.com/fkkaunozalgiris FK Kauno Žalgiris: facebook] * [https://toplyga.lt/komanda/k-zalgiris FK Kauno Žalgiris: toplyga.lt] * [https://int.soccerway.com/teams/lithuania/spyris-kaunas/8413/ FK Kauno Žalgiris: Soccerway] * [https://globalsportsarchive.com/team/soccer/fk-kauno-zalgiris/15855/ Globalsportsarchive] [[Kategori:Tim bal-balan Litowen|Kauno]] qn50uuc0eztwoa4qsbuyrh6f1vsvylx 1759811 1759810 2026-11-03T11:14:46Z Makenzis 33569 /* Skuat */ 1759811 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Kotak info klub bal-balan |clubname = FK Kauno Žalgiris |current = Mangsa 2026 FK Kauno Žalgiris |image = |fullname = Futbolo klubas Kauno Žalgiris |nickname = ''spirdžiai'' |shortname = Kauno Žalgiris |founded = {{Start date and age|2004||}} |ground = [[Dariaus ir Girėno stadionas]], <br />[[Kaunas]], [[Litowen]] |capacity = 15.000 |chairman = {{flagicon|LTU}} [[Mantas Kalnietis]] |mgrtitle = Manajer|manager = {{flagicon|LTU}} |league = [[TOPLYGA]]<ref>[https://toplyga.lt/naujiena/naujasis-lietuvos-futbolo-cempionato-pavadinimas-toplyga/9300 Naujasis Lietuvos futbolo čempionato pavadinimas – TOPLYGA]</ref> |season = 2026 |position = Ke-1 |website = https://zalgiris.lt/komandos/fk-kauno-zalgiris |pattern_la1=_hummelauthentic20gg |pattern_b1=_hummelauthentic20gg |pattern_ra1=_hummelauthentic20gg |pattern_sh1=_hummelauthentic20gg |pattern_so1=_hummel20gg |leftarm1=00FF00 |body1=00FF00 |rightarm1=00FF00 |shorts1=00FF00 |socks1=00FF00 |pattern_la2=_hummelcoreXKwb |pattern_b2=_hummelcoreXKwb |pattern_ra2=_hummelcoreXKwb |pattern_sh2=_hummelcoreXKwb |pattern_so2=_hummel20w |leftarm2=FFFFFF |body2=FFFFFF |rightarm2=FFFFFF |shorts2=FFFFFF |socks2=FFFFFF }} '''Futbolo klubas Kauno Žalgiris''' inggih punika sawijining klub [[ulah raga]] [[Litowen]]. == Performa di liga == ;FK Spyris {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;" |- !Musim !Tingkat !Liga !Tempat !@ |- | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2013''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2.''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[Pirma lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''5.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2013.html#1lyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2014''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2.''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[Pirma lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''4.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2014.html#1lyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''2015''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''5.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2015.html#alyga</ref> |- |} ; FK Kauno Žalgiris {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;" |- !Säsong !Nivå !Liga !Placering !Webbplats |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''2016''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''8.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2016.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''2017''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''8.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2017.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''2018''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''5.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2018.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''2019''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''4.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2019.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''2020''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#DEB678" style="text-align:center;"| '''3.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2020.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2021''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#DEB678" style="text-align:center;"| '''3.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2021.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2022''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#BBBBBB" style="text-align:center;"| '''2.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2022.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2023''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''4.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2023.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2024''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#DEB678" style="text-align:center;"| '''3.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2024.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2025''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#FFDD00" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2025.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2026''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[TOPLYGA]]''' | bgcolor="#FFDD00" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2026.html#alyga</ref> |- |} == Skuat == {{updated|2026-07-15}} {{fs start}} {{Fs player|no=22|nat=LTU|pos=GK|name=[[Joris Aliukonis]]}} {{Fs player|no=22|nat=LTU|pos=GK|name=[[Deividas Mikelionis]]}} {{Fs player|no=55|nat=LTU|pos=GK|name=[[Tomas Švedkauskas]]}} |----- ! colspan="9" bgcolor="#B0D3FB" align="left" | |----- bgcolor="#DFEDFD" {{Fs player|no= 2|nat=LTU|pos=DF|name=[[Tautvydas Burdzilauskas]]}} {{Fs player|no= 3|nat=GEO|pos=DF|name=[[Anton Tolordava]]}} {{Fs player|no= 4|nat=DEN|pos=DF|name=[[Luka Račić]]}} {{Fs player|no=37|nat=AUT|pos=DF|name=[[Nosa Iyobosa Edokpolor|Nosa Edokpolor]]}} {{Fs player|no=45|nat=FRA|pos=DF|name=Joris Moutachy}} {{Fs player|no=66|nat=LTU|pos=DF|name=[[Eduardas Jurjonas]]}} {{Fs player|no=77|nat=LTU|pos=DF|name=[[Rokas Lekiatas]]}} |----- ! colspan="9" bgcolor="#B0D3FB" align="left" | |----- bgcolor="#DFEDFD" {{Fs player|no= 7|name=[[Amine Benchaib]]|nat=BEL|pos=MF}} {{Fs player|no= 8|nat=JPN|pos=MF|name=[[Yukiyoshi Karashima]]}} {{Fs player|no=10|nat=LTU|pos=MF|name=[[Gratas Sirgėdas]]}} {{Fs player|no=11|nat=LTU|pos=MF|name=[[Fedor Černych]]}} {{Fs player|no=15|nat=BRA|pos=MF|name=Léo Ribeiro}} {{Fs player|no=24|nat=LTU|pos=MF|name=[[Motiejus Burba]]}} {{fs player|no=70|pos=MF|nat=FRA|name=[[Fabien Ourega]]}} |----- ! colspan="9" bgcolor="#B0D3FB" align="left" | |----- bgcolor="#DFEDFD" {{Fs player|no=11|nat=LTU|pos=FW|name=Fedor Černych}} {{Fs player|no=47|nat=LTU|pos=FW|name=Vėjas Pocius}} |----- ! colspan="9" bgcolor="#B0D3FB" align="left" | |----- bgcolor="#DFEDFD" {{fs end}} == Cathetan suku == {{Reflist}} == Pranala njaba == * {{Official|https://zalgiris.lt/komandos/fk-kauno-zalgiris}} * [https://www.facebook.com/fkkaunozalgiris FK Kauno Žalgiris: facebook] * [https://toplyga.lt/komanda/k-zalgiris FK Kauno Žalgiris: toplyga.lt] * [https://int.soccerway.com/teams/lithuania/spyris-kaunas/8413/ FK Kauno Žalgiris: Soccerway] * [https://globalsportsarchive.com/team/soccer/fk-kauno-zalgiris/15855/ Globalsportsarchive] [[Kategori:Tim bal-balan Litowen|Kauno]] 7n27n7xzg4rmm927jmvrvsb5knz95vr 1759812 1759811 2026-11-03T11:15:05Z Makenzis 33569 /* Skuat */ 1759812 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Kotak info klub bal-balan |clubname = FK Kauno Žalgiris |current = Mangsa 2026 FK Kauno Žalgiris |image = |fullname = Futbolo klubas Kauno Žalgiris |nickname = ''spirdžiai'' |shortname = Kauno Žalgiris |founded = {{Start date and age|2004||}} |ground = [[Dariaus ir Girėno stadionas]], <br />[[Kaunas]], [[Litowen]] |capacity = 15.000 |chairman = {{flagicon|LTU}} [[Mantas Kalnietis]] |mgrtitle = Manajer|manager = {{flagicon|LTU}} |league = [[TOPLYGA]]<ref>[https://toplyga.lt/naujiena/naujasis-lietuvos-futbolo-cempionato-pavadinimas-toplyga/9300 Naujasis Lietuvos futbolo čempionato pavadinimas – TOPLYGA]</ref> |season = 2026 |position = Ke-1 |website = https://zalgiris.lt/komandos/fk-kauno-zalgiris |pattern_la1=_hummelauthentic20gg |pattern_b1=_hummelauthentic20gg |pattern_ra1=_hummelauthentic20gg |pattern_sh1=_hummelauthentic20gg |pattern_so1=_hummel20gg |leftarm1=00FF00 |body1=00FF00 |rightarm1=00FF00 |shorts1=00FF00 |socks1=00FF00 |pattern_la2=_hummelcoreXKwb |pattern_b2=_hummelcoreXKwb |pattern_ra2=_hummelcoreXKwb |pattern_sh2=_hummelcoreXKwb |pattern_so2=_hummel20w |leftarm2=FFFFFF |body2=FFFFFF |rightarm2=FFFFFF |shorts2=FFFFFF |socks2=FFFFFF }} '''Futbolo klubas Kauno Žalgiris''' inggih punika sawijining klub [[ulah raga]] [[Litowen]]. == Performa di liga == ;FK Spyris {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;" |- !Musim !Tingkat !Liga !Tempat !@ |- | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2013''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2.''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[Pirma lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''5.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2013.html#1lyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2014''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''2.''' | bgcolor="#F4DC93" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[Pirma lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''4.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2014.html#1lyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''2015''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''5.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2015.html#alyga</ref> |- |} ; FK Kauno Žalgiris {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;" |- !Säsong !Nivå !Liga !Placering !Webbplats |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''2016''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''8.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2016.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''2017''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''8.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2017.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''2018''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''5.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2018.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''2019''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''4.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2019.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''2020''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#DEB678" style="text-align:center;"| '''3.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2020.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2021''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#DEB678" style="text-align:center;"| '''3.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2021.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2022''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#BBBBBB" style="text-align:center;"| '''2.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2022.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2023''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#F5F5F5" style="text-align:center;"| '''4.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2023.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2024''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#DEB678" style="text-align:center;"| '''3.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2024.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2025''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[A lyga]]''' | bgcolor="#FFDD00" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2025.html#alyga</ref> |- | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''2026''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | bgcolor="#DDFFDD" style="text-align:center;"| '''[[TOPLYGA]]''' | bgcolor="#FFDD00" style="text-align:center;"| '''1.''' | <ref>http://www.rsssf.com/tablesl/lito2026.html#alyga</ref> |- |} == Skuat == {{updated|2026-11-08}} {{fs start}} {{Fs player|no=22|nat=LTU|pos=GK|name=[[Joris Aliukonis]]}} {{Fs player|no=22|nat=LTU|pos=GK|name=[[Deividas Mikelionis]]}} {{Fs player|no=55|nat=LTU|pos=GK|name=[[Tomas Švedkauskas]]}} |----- ! colspan="9" bgcolor="#B0D3FB" align="left" | |----- bgcolor="#DFEDFD" {{Fs player|no= 2|nat=LTU|pos=DF|name=[[Tautvydas Burdzilauskas]]}} {{Fs player|no= 3|nat=GEO|pos=DF|name=[[Anton Tolordava]]}} {{Fs player|no= 4|nat=DEN|pos=DF|name=[[Luka Račić]]}} {{Fs player|no=37|nat=AUT|pos=DF|name=[[Nosa Iyobosa Edokpolor|Nosa Edokpolor]]}} {{Fs player|no=45|nat=FRA|pos=DF|name=Joris Moutachy}} {{Fs player|no=77|nat=LTU|pos=DF|name=[[Rokas Lekiatas]]}} |----- ! colspan="9" bgcolor="#B0D3FB" align="left" | |----- bgcolor="#DFEDFD" {{Fs player|no= 7|name=[[Amine Benchaib]]|nat=BEL|pos=MF}} {{Fs player|no= 8|nat=JPN|pos=MF|name=[[Yukiyoshi Karashima]]}} {{Fs player|no=10|nat=LTU|pos=MF|name=[[Gratas Sirgėdas]]}} {{Fs player|no=11|nat=LTU|pos=MF|name=[[Fedor Černych]]}} {{Fs player|no=15|nat=BRA|pos=MF|name=Léo Ribeiro}} {{Fs player|no=24|nat=LTU|pos=MF|name=[[Motiejus Burba]]}} {{fs player|no=70|pos=MF|nat=FRA|name=[[Fabien Ourega]]}} |----- ! colspan="9" bgcolor="#B0D3FB" align="left" | |----- bgcolor="#DFEDFD" {{Fs player|no=11|nat=LTU|pos=FW|name=Fedor Černych}} {{Fs player|no=47|nat=LTU|pos=FW|name=Vėjas Pocius}} |----- ! colspan="9" bgcolor="#B0D3FB" align="left" | |----- bgcolor="#DFEDFD" {{fs end}} == Cathetan suku == {{Reflist}} == Pranala njaba == * {{Official|https://zalgiris.lt/komandos/fk-kauno-zalgiris}} * [https://www.facebook.com/fkkaunozalgiris FK Kauno Žalgiris: facebook] * [https://toplyga.lt/komanda/k-zalgiris FK Kauno Žalgiris: toplyga.lt] * [https://int.soccerway.com/teams/lithuania/spyris-kaunas/8413/ FK Kauno Žalgiris: Soccerway] * [https://globalsportsarchive.com/team/soccer/fk-kauno-zalgiris/15855/ Globalsportsarchive] [[Kategori:Tim bal-balan Litowen|Kauno]] 63eokub82ab1zi1j12n9dq38m1tq0jy Wong Melayu 0 164824 1759736 1759159 2026-11-02T23:57:39Z ~2026-55037-88 75055 /* Sub-ètnis */ 1759736 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox ethnic group | group = <br/>Wong Melayu<br/>''Orang Melayu''<br/>أورڠ ملايو | flag = [[Barkas:Malay tricolour.svg|120px]] | flag_caption = Triwarna Melayu | image = [[Gambar:Siti Nurhaliza - KLIFF 08.jpg|66px|Siti Nurhaliza]] [[Gambar:Mahathir 2007.jpg|66px|Mahathir Mohammad]] [[Gambar:Muszaphar shukor.jpg|66px|Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor]]<br/>[[Gambar:Amir Hamzah portrait edit.jpg|66px|Amir Hamzah]] [[Gambar:Raja Ali Haji.jpg|66px|Raja Ali Haji]] [[Gambar:Hamzah Haz.jpg|66px|Hamzah Haz]]<br/>[[Gambar:Siti Nordiana interviewed by MeleTOP.jpg|66px|Siti Nordiana]] [[Gambar:Pakngah.jpg|66px|Pak Ngah]] [[Gambar:P Ramlee Dunia Film 15 May 1954 p20.jpg|66px|P. Ramlee]]<br/>[[Gambar:Ratu Irama Pop Melayu Tradisional Malaysia.jpg|66px|Noraniza Idris]] [[Gambar:Wany Hasrita at MSU 22nd Convocation Ceremony Graduands.jpg|66px|Wany Hasrita]] [[Gambar:Yuna - Bandung 2016 (cropped).jpg|66px|Yuna]] | caption = Pisanan: [[Siti Nurhaliza]] • [[Mahathir Mohammad]] • [[Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor]]<br/> Kaloro: [[Amir Hamzah]] • [[Raja Ali Haji]] • [[Hamzah Haz]]<br/> Katelu: [[Siti Nordiana]] • [[Pak Ngah]] • [[P. Ramlee]]<br/> Kapapat: [[Noraniza Idris]] • [[Wany Hasrita]] • [[Yuna]] | poptime = {{circa}} '''40.000.000 jiwane''' <!-- sum of numbers from each region below --> | region1 = <span style="font-size:105%;">'''Pedunung mayoritas'''</span> | region6 = '''{{flagicon|Malaysia}} [[Malaysia]]''' | pop6 = 20.749.378 <small>(2010 prakiraan)</small> | ref6 = {{lower|<ref>{{harvnb|Economic Planning Unit (Malaysia)|2010}}</ref>}} | region7 = '''{{flagicon|Brunei}} [[Brunéi Darussalam]]''' | pop7 = 501.902 <small>(2010 prakiraan)</small> | ref7 = {{lower|<ref name="CIA (B)>"{{harvnb|CIA World Factbook|t=Brunei|2012}}</ref>}} | region8 = <span style="font-size:105%;">'''Pedunung minoritas'''</span> | pop8 = | ref8 = | region9 = '''{{flagicon|Indonesia}} [[Indonésia]]''' | pop9 = 8.789.585 <small>(2010 prakiraan)</small> | ref9 = {{lower|<ref>{{harvnb|Badan Pusat Statistika Indonesia|2010}}</ref><ref>Figure obtained based on the percentage of Malays in 2000 census and the total Indonesian population in 2010 census</ref>}} | region10 = '''{{flagicon|Thailand}} [[Thailand]]''' | pop10 = 5.354.475 <small>(2010 prakiraan)</small> | ref10 = {{lower|<ref>{{harvnb|CIA World Factbook|t=Thailand|2012}}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|World Directory of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples|2005}}</ref>}} | region11 = '''{{flagicon|Singapura}} [[Singapura]]''' | pop11 = 1.003.449 <small>(2010 prakiraan)</small> | ref11 = {{lower|<ref>{{harvnb|CIA World Factbook|t=Singapore|2012}}</ref>}} | region12 = '''{{flagicon|Philippines}} [[Pilipina]]''' | pop12 = 2.000.000 | ref12 = | region13 = '''{{flagicon|Liga Arab}} [[Nagara-nagara Arab]]''' | pop13 = ~50.000 | ref13 = <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.utusan.com.my/rencana/agama/jejak-melayu-di-bumi-anbiya-1.437075|title=Jejak Melayu di bumi anbiya|work=Utusan Online |access-date=2 Juli 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180915002357/http://www.utusan.com.my/rencana/agama/jejak-melayu-di-bumi-anbiya-1.437075|archive-date=15 Sèptèmber 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ww1.kosmo.com.my/kosmo/content.asp?y=2017&dt=0126&pub=Kosmo&sec=Rencana_Utama&pg=ru_02.htm|title=Jabal Ajyad perkampungan komuniti Melayu di Mekah|work=Kosmo Online |access-date=2 Juli 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180915001838/http://ww1.kosmo.com.my/kosmo/content.asp?y=2017&dt=0126&pub=Kosmo&sec=Rencana_Utama&pg=ru_02.htm|archive-date=15 Sèptèmber 2018}}</ref> | region14 = '''{{flag|Ostrali}}''' | pop14 = 33.183 | ref14 = <ref>{{cite web|url=http://profile.id.com.au/australia/ancestry|title=Australia – Ancestry|website=.id community|access-date=24 Oktober 2026|archive-date=3 Januari 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103081623/https://profile.id.com.au/australia/ancestry/|url-status=live}}</ref> | region15 = '''{{flag|Karajan Manunggal}}''' | pop15 = ~33.000{{Citation needed|date=Oktober 2026}} | ref15 = | region16 = '''{{flag|Amérika Sarékat}}''' | pop16 = 29.431 | ref16 = <ref name="Access (DADS) 2010">{{cite web|title=Data Access Dissemination Systems (DADS): Results|website=United States Census Bureau|date=5 Oktober 2010|url=https://www.census.gov/|access-date=24 Oktober 2026|archive-date=27 Dhésèmber 1996|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19961227012639/https://www.census.gov/|url-status=live}}</ref> | region17 = '''{{flag|Myanmar}}''' | pop17 = 27.000{{Citation needed|date=Oktober 2026}} | ref17 = | region18 = '''{{flag|Kamboja}}''' | pop18 = 18.000{{Citation needed|date=Oktober 2026}} | ref18 = | region19 = '''{{flag|Kanadha}}''' | pop19 = 16.920 | ref19 = <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=01&Geo2=&Code2=&Data=Count&SearchText=Canada&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&TABID=1|title=Census Profile, 2016 Census|date=8 Fèbruari 2017 |publisher=Statistics Canada|access-date=24 Oktober 2026|archive-date=23 Sèptèmber 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170923095917/http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=01&Geo2=&Code2=&Data=Count&SearchText=Canada&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&TABID=1|url-status=live}}</ref> | languages = [[Basa Malayu]], [[Basa Indhonésia]], [[Basa Thai]], [[Basa Arab]], [[Basa Inggris]], lan [[Basa Tamil]] | religions = [[Islam]] | related = [[Wong Acèh|Acèh]], [[Wong Banjar|Banjar]], [[Wong Minangkêbo|Minang]], [[Wong Kerinci|Kerinci]], [[Wong Tidung|Tidung]], [[Wong Laut|Laut]], [[Wong Betawi|Betawi]] }} [[Gambar:Malay couple.jpg|thumb|300px|Pasangan Melayu nganggo sandhangan tradhisional sawisé upacara ''akad nikah''. Penganten kakung nganggo ''baju melayu'' nganggo ''songkok'' lan ''[[songkèt]]'', dene penganten putri nganggo ''baju kurung'' nganggo ''tudong''.]] [[Gambar:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Kleurenlitho getiteld Jong gehuwde Maleische vrouw TMnr 5795-34.jpg|thumb|300px|Wadon Melayu ing Kutai diidentifikasi kanthi bentuk bun sing khas (litografi dening C. F. Kelley adhedhasar gambar dening Carl Book, [[1887]])]] '''Wong Melayu''' ({{lang-ms|'''Orang Melayu'''}}; [[Aksara Jawi|Jawi]]: {{Script/Arabic|أورڠ ملايو}}) minangka klompok suku bangsa [[Austronésia]] utamané ing Semenanjung Malaya, ing saindenging [[Sumatra]], kidul [[Thailand]], pesisir kidul [[Burma]], pulo [[Singapura]], [[Borneo]] pesisir kalebu [[Brunei]], [[Kalimantan Kulon]], [[Kalimantan Wétan]] lan [[Sarawak]] lan [[Sabah]] pesisir, [[Pilipina]] sisih kulon lan sisih kidul, lan pulo-pulo cilik sing ana ing antarané lokasi kasebut — sacara koléktif dikenal minangka "Dunia Melayu". Lokasi iki saiki dadi bagéan saka negara-negara modern [[Malaysia]], [[Indhonésia]], [[Singapura]], [[Brunei]], [[Burma]], [[Thailand]], lan [[Filipina]]. Malah, akéh komunitas [[Minangkabau]], [[Mandailing]], lan [[Dayak]] sing pindhah menyang pesisir wétan [[Sumatra]] lan pesisir kulon [[Kalimantan]], ngaku wong Melayu. Saliyané ing Nusantara, wong Melayu uga ang ing [[Sri Lanka]], [[Kapuloan Cocos (Keeling)]] ''(Cocos Malays)'', lan [[Afrika Kidul]] ''(Cape Malays)''. Ana maneka warna basa, budaya, seni, lan sosial sing cukup akeh ing antarane akeh subkelompok Melayu, utamane amarga atusan taun imigrasi lan asimilasi macem-macem etnis lan suku regional ing Asia Tenggara Maritim. Sacara historis, populasi Melayu utamane keturunan saka suku [[kulawarga basa Austronésia|Austronésia]] lan [[kulawarga basa Austroasiatika|Austroasia]] sing nganggo [[basa Malayu]] sadurunge sing ngedegake sawetara negara lan kerajaan dagang maritim kuna, utamane [[Brunéi Darussalam|Brunéi]], [[Kedah]], Langkasuka, Gangga Negara, Chi Tu, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Pahang, [[Kerajaan Melayu|Melayu]], lan [[Praja Sriwijaya|Sriwijaya]].{{sfn|Milner|2010|pp=24, 33}}{{sfn|Barnard|2004|pp=7 & 60}} Tekane Kesultanan Malaka ing abad kaping 15 micu revolusi gedhe ing sejarah Melayu, sing penting banget dumunung ing warisan politik lan budaya sing jembar. Tandha-tandha definitif umum saka kemelayuan — agama Islam, basa lan tradhisi Melayu — dianggep wis diproklamasikake ing jaman iki, sing ndadékaké etnogenesis wong Melayu minangka klompok etnoreligius utama ing wilayah kasebut. Ing sastra, arsitektur, tradhisi kuliner, sandhangan tradisional, seni pertunjukan, seni bela diri, lan tradhisi kraton, Malaka netepake standar sing ditiru dening kesultanan Melayu sabanjure. Jaman keemasan kesultanan Melayu ing Semenanjung Malaya, Sumatra Wétan, lan Pesisir Kalimantan nyumurupi akèh pedunungé, mliginé saka manéka warna komunitas suku kaya ta [[Wong Batak|Batak]], [[Dayak]], Wong Asli, lan [[Wong Laut]], sing tundhuk marang Islamisasi lan Invasi Melayu. Sajrone sejarah, istilah "Melayu" wis ditambahi menyang klompok etnis liyane ing "[[Donya Melayu]]"; panggunaan iki saiki umume diwatesi ing Malaysia lan Singapura, ing ngendi keturunan liyane saka klompok etnis iki diarani Anak Dagang ("pedagang") lan umume asale saka [[Indhonésia]] kayata [[wong Acèh]], [[Wong Banjar|Banjar]], [[Wong Bugis|Bugis]], [[Wong Mandailing|Mandailing]], [[Wong Minangkêbo|Minangkêbo]] lan [[Wong Jawa|Jawa]]. == Etimologi == [[Barkas:Candi Muaro Jambi dengan langit biru.jpg|thumb|[[Kompleks Candhi Muaro Jambi]] ing [[Jambi]], sacara historis ana hubungane karo [[Kerajaan Melayu]] pra-Islam. Wong Melayu-Sriwijaya dikenal mbangun sistem bangunan sing rumit ing ibukutha, kutha-kutha gedhe, lan pusat kutha sing penting.]] [[Barkas:Bukit Seguntang Tombs.jpg|thumb|Bukit Seguntang ing [[Kutha Palémbang|Palémbang]]. Miturut ''[[Sejarah Melayu]]'', bukit iki nyathet munculé Sang Sapurba, leluhur legendaris kanggo macem-macem kulawarga kerajaan Melayu ing [[Sumatra]], [[Jasirah Malaka|Semenanjung Malaya]], lan [[Kalimantan]].]] Literatur epik ''[[Sulalatus Salatin|Sajarah Melayu]]'' nggandhengake asal-usul etimologis "Melayu" karo kali cilik sing jenenge Sungai Melayu ('kali Melayu') ing [[Sumatra]], [[Indhonésia]]. Epik kasebut salah nyebutake yen kali kasebut mili menyang [[Kali Musi]] ing [[Kutha Palémbang|Palémbang]], dene sejatine mili menyang Kali Batang Hari ing [[Jambi]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Reid |first=Anthony |date=Oktober 2001 |title=Understanding Melayu (Malay) as a Source of Diverse Modern Identities |journal=Journal of Southeast Asian Studies |volume=32 |issue=3 |pages=295–313|doi=10.1017/S0022463401000157 |pmid=19192500 }}</ref>{{rp|298}} Istilah iki dianggep asale saka tembung Melayu ''melaju'', gabungan saka awalan verbal 'me' lan tembung oyot 'laju', sing tegese "nyepetake", digunakake kanggo njlentrehake arus kali sing deres lan cepet.{{sfn|Melebek|Moain|2006|pp=9–10}} === Minangka jeneng panggonan (toponim) === Sadurungé abad kaping 15, istilah "Melayu" lan varian sing mèmper katon ditrapaké minangka toponim lawas kanggo wilayah [[Selat Malaka]] sacara umum.{{sfn|Barnard|2004|p=3}} * '''''Malaya Dwipa''''', "Malaya Dvipa", diterangake ing bab 48, Vayu Purana minangka salah sawijining provinsi ing segara wétan sing kebak emas lan perak. Sawetara sarjana nyamakake istilah iki karo [[Sumatra]],{{sfn|Deka|2007|p=57}} nanging sawetara sarjana India percaya yen istilah kasebut kudune nuduhake Semenanjung Melayu sing pagunungan, dene Sumatra luwih tepat digandhengake karo Suvarnadvipa.{{sfn|Pande|2006|p=266}}{{sfn|Gopal|2000|p=139}}{{sfn|Ahir|1995|p=612}}{{sfn|Mukerjee|1984|p=212}}{{sfn|Sarkar|1970|p=8}} * '''''Maleu-kolon''''' – lokasi ing Semenanjung Emas, saka karya [[Claudius Ptolemaeus|Ptolemy]], Geographia.{{sfn|Gerini|1974|p=101}} * '''''Mo-lo-yu''''' – kasebut déning Yijing, sawijining biksu Buddha Tionghoa saka [[Wangsa Tang|Dinasti Tang]] sing ngunjungi Asia Tenggara ing taun 688–695. Miturut Yijing, karajan ''Mo-Lo-Yu'' dumunung ing jarak 15 dina lelayaran saka Bogha (Palembang), ibukutha Sribhoga ([[Praja Sriwijaya|Sriwijaya]]). Butuh layar 15 dina kanggo tekan Ka-Cha ([[Kedah]]) saka Mo-lo-yu; mula, bisa diarani yen Mo-Lo-Yu bakal dumunung ing tengah-tengah antarane rong panggonan kasebut.{{sfn|I Ching|2005|p=xl–xli}} Ana téori populer sing nggandhèngaké ''Mo-Lo-Yu'' karo [[Kompleks Candhi Muaro Jambi|Jambi]] ing Sumatra,{{sfn|Melayu Online|2005}} nanging lokasi geografis Jambi kontradiksi karo katrangané Yi Jing babagan "layar setengah dalan antara ''Ka-Cha'' (Kedah) lan ''Bogha'' (Palembang)". Ing jaman [[Wangsa Yuan|Dinasti Yuan]] (1271–1368) lan [[Wangsa Ming|Dinasti Ming]] (1368–1644), tembung ''Ma-La-Yu'' kerep disebut ing teks-teks sejarah Tiongkok – kanthi owah-owahan ejaan amarga rentang wektu antarane dinasti – kanggo nyebutake sawijining bangsa ing cedhak segara kidul. Antarane istilah-istilah sing digunakake yaiku "Bôk-lá-yù", "Mók-là-yū" (木剌由), Má-lì-yù-er (麻里予兒), Oō-laì-yu (巫来由) — dilacak saka sumber tinulis saka bhikkhu [[Xuanzang]]) lan Wú-laī-yû (無来由). * '''''Malaiyur''''' – kasebut ing prasasti Tanjore. Iki digambarake minangka kerajaan sing nduweni "gunung sing kuwat minangka benteng" sing tiba menyang penjajah Chola nalika kampanye Rajendra Chola I ing abad kaping 11. Bisa uga ana ing Sumatra, antarane Pannai lan Sriwijaya ([[Kutha Palémbang|Palémbang]]),<ref>{{Cite book |title=Nagapattinam to suvarnadwipa: Reflections on the chola naval expeditions to Southeast Asia |publisher=Institute of Southeast Asian Studies |year=2009 |editor-last1=Kulke |editor-first1=Hermann |location=Singapore |editor-last2=Kesavapany |editor-first2=K. |editor-last3=Sakhuja |editor-first3=Vijay}}</ref>{{rp|77–78, 170}} bisa uga ana ing situs arkeologi [[Kabupatèn Muaro Jambi|Muaro Jambi]].<ref name=":6">{{Cite book|last=Miksic|first=John M.|year=2013|title=Singapore and the Silk Road of the Sea, 1300–1800|publisher=NUS Press|isbn=978-9971-69-558-3|author1-link=John N. Miksic}}</ref>{{rp|405}} * '''''Malai''''' – sing kasebut déning ahli géografi Arab abad kaping 12 [[Al-Idrisi|Muhammad al-Idrisi]] ing Tabula Rogeriana, pulo iki njlèntrèhaké semenanjung Malaya minangka pulo sing dawa lan nyebut Malai, wewatesan karo Qmer (Khmer) lan dunungé 12 dina layar saka Sanf (Champa).<ref>[https://www.sg/sgbicentennial/the-bicentennial-experience/map/al-idrisis-a-guide-to-pleasant-journeys-into-faraway-lands/ al-Idrisi's A guide to Pleasant Journeys into Faraway Lands] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250508045322/https://www.sg/sgbicentennial/the-bicentennial-experience/map/al-idrisis-a-guide-to-pleasant-journeys-into-faraway-lands/ |date=2025-05-08 }}. Singapore Bicentennial Office. November 2019.</ref><ref>Gerini, G. E., & Royal Geographical Society (Great Britain). (1909). [https://books.google.com.my/books?id=FKYcAAAAMAAJ&vq=malai&pg=PA535#v=onepage&q=malai&f=false Researches on Ptolemy's Geography of Eastern Asia (further India and Indo-Malay Archipelago) (Asiatic Society monographs)]. Royal Asiatic society, Royal geographical society. p. 535.</ref> * '''''Bhūmi Mālayu''''' – (secara harfiah "Tanah Malayu"), transkripsi saka [[Prasasti Padang Roco]] taun 1286 M dening Slamet Muljana.{{sfn|Muljana|1981|p=223}} Istilah iki ana gandheng cenenge karo kerajaan Dharmasraya. * '''''Ma-li-yu-er''''' – kasebut ing babad [[Wangsa Yuan]], nuduhake sawijining bangsa ing Semenanjung Melayu sing ngadhepi ekspansi Kerajaan Sukhothai menyang kidul, nalika jaman pamrentahan Ram Khamhaeng.<ref>{{cite web |title=Chronicle of Mongol Yuan |website=guoxue.com |language=zh |url=http://www.guoxue.com/shibu/24shi/yuanshi/yuas_210.htm |access-date=5 Fèbruari 2026 |archive-date=27 Agustus 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100827214255/http://www.guoxue.com/shibu/24shi/yuanshi/yuas_210.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> Kronik kasebut nyatakake: "''..Ana rasa sengit antarane Siam lan Ma-li-yu-er nganti loro-lorone padha mateni siji lan sijine ...''". Kanggo nanggepi tumindake Sukhothai, utusan Tiongkok menyang kraton Ram Khamhaeng ing taun 1295 nggawa dekrit kekaisaran: "Tetepna janjimu lan aja nindakake piala marang Ma-li-yu-er".{{sfn|Hall|1981|p=190}} * '''''Malauir''''' – kasebut ing cathetan [[Marco Polo]] minangka kerajaan sing dumunung ing Semenanjung Melayu,{{sfn|Cordier|2009|p=105}}{{sfn|Wright|2004|pp=364–365}} bisa uga padha karo sing kasebut ing kronik Yuan. * '''''Malayapura''''' – (sacara harfiah "kutha Malaya" utawa "bètèng Malaya"), sing ditulis ing [[prasasti Amoghapasa]] sing ditulis taun 1347 Masehi. Istilah iki digunakake dening [[Adityawarman]] kanggo nyebut Dharmasraya. Saran liyané kalebu tembung [[basa Jawa|Jawa]] ''mlayu'' (minangka kriya: mlayu, partisip: buronan), utawa istilah Melayu ''melaju'' (nyepetake kanthi ajeg), sing nuduhake mobilitas dhuwur lan sifat migrasi wong-wongé. De Barros (1552) nyebutake yen [[Paraméswara|Iskandar Shah]] menehi jeneng ''Malaios'' (wong Melayu) kaya ngono amarga bapakne diusir saka negarane. Albuquerque nerangake yen [[Paraméswara|Parameswara]] mlayu (''malayo'') saka kerajaan Palembang menyang Malaka.{{sfn|Crawfurd|1856|p=[https://archive.org/details/adescriptivedic00crawgoog/page/n254/mode/2up 244]}} === Minangka jeneng ètnis (etnonim) === {{multiple image | align = right | total_width = 420 | image1 = Malays from the Malacca Sultanate Codice Casanatense.jpg | alt1 = Wong Melayu ing Malaka | caption1 = Cat banyu Portugis wong Malaya ing Malaka, kira-kira taun 1540, ditampilake ing Códice Casanatense | image2 = A Malay couple RBSeite93.jpg | alt2 = Pasangan Melayu | caption2 = Ilustrasi pasangan Melayu, saka ''Reise nach Batavia'', antarane taun 1669 lan 1682 | image3 = JogetUNISEL.jpg | alt3 = Tari Joget | caption3 = Tari Joget saka Kesultanan Malaka; akeh aspek budaya Melayu sing asale saka kraton Malaka }} Tembung "Melayu" minangka etnonim, kanggo ngrujuk marang kluster etnologis sing béda banget, dianggep wis dadi populer sajrone integrasi Kesultanan Malaka minangka kakuwatan regional ing abad kaping 15. Iki digunakake kanggo nglaporake babagan keberpihakan sosial wong Malaka tinimbang wong manca ing wilayah sing padha, utamane [[wong Jawa]] lan [[Thai]].{{sfn|Barnard|2004|p=4}} Iki dibuktèkaké saka dhaptar tembung Melayu awal abad kaping 16 déning Antonio Pigafetta sing gabung karo pelayaran Magellan, sing ngrujuk babagan kepriyé frasa ''chiara Malaiu'' ('cara Melayu') digunakaké ing maritim [[Asia Kidul-wétan]], kanggo nyebut ''al parlare de Malaea'' ([[basa Italia]] kanggo "ngomong babagan Malaka").{{sfn|Milner|2010|pp=22}} Sastra Melayu klasik nggambarake wong Melayu kanthi makna sing luwih sempit tinimbang interpretasi modern. ''Hikayat Hang Tuah'' (kira-kira taun 1700, manuskrip kira-kira taun 1849) mung nyebutake wong Melayu minangka subjek Kesultanan Malaka; [[Brunéi Darussalam|Brunéi]], nalika semana, ora dianggep minangka wong Melayu. ''Hikayat Patani'' (manuskrip: 1876) contoné, ora nyebut Patani lan Brunéi minangka [[basa Malayu]], istilah kuwi mung digunakaké kanggo [[Johor]]. Kedah boten kalebet basa Melayu ing babad Kedah/Hikayat Merong Mahawangsa (kira-kira 1821). ''Hikayat Aceh'' (kira-kira taun 1625, manuskrip kira-kira taun 1675) nggandhengake etnis Melayu karo Johor, nanging mesthi ora karo Aceh utawa Deli.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Milner |first=Anthony |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sACaolB0FpkC&q=liberally |title=The Malays |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |year=2011 |isbn=978-1-4443-9166-4 |pages=91–92 |access-date=5 Fèbruari 2026|archive-date=31 Maret 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230331160702/https://books.google.com/books?id=sACaolB0FpkC&q=liberally |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>For the dating of the manuscripts, see [https://mcp.anu.edu.au/Q/texts.html Malay Concordance Project]. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220809133732/https://mcp.anu.edu.au/Q/texts.html|date=9 Agustus 2022}}.</ref> == Asal-usul == [[Barkas:Baju Melayu.jpg|thumb|Sekelompok wong lanang saka [[Brunéi Darussalam]] nganggo sandhangan jinis ''Cekak Musang'', dienggo bareng karo [[songkèt]] (kiwa paling adoh) lan ''[[sarung|kain sarung]]''.]] === Modhél Proto-Melayu === Uga dikenal minangka ''Melayu asli'' (wong Melayu asli) utawa ''Melayu purba'' (wong Melayu kuna), wong Proto-Melayu asale saka Austronésia lan dipercaya wis migrasi menyang Kapuloan Melayu sajrone serangkaian migrasi dawa antarane 2500 lan 1500 SM.{{sfn|Ryan|1976|pp=4–5}} Proto-Melayu sing misuwur saiki yaiku Moken, Jakun, Orang Kuala, Temuan lan Orang Kanaq.<ref>{{cite web |title=Orang Asli Population Statistics |publisher=Center for Orang Asli Concerns |url= http://www.coac.org.my/codenavia/portals/coacv2/code/main/main_art.php?parentID=11374494101180&artID=11432750280711 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110722233738/http://www.coac.org.my/codenavia/portals/coacv2/code/main/main_art.php?parentID=11374494101180&artID=11432750280711 |archive-date=22 Juli 2011}}</ref> ''The Encyclopedia of Malaysia: Early History'' ({{lang|id|Ensiklopedia Malaysia: Sejarah Awal}}), wis nudingake total telung teori babagan asal-usul wong Melayu: * Teori Yunnan (diterbitake ing taun 1889) – Teori Proto-Melayu sing asale saka Yunnan kira-kira 4.000 nganti 6.000 taun kepungkur. Téori iki didhukung déning R.H Geldern lan timé sing nduwé téori yèn migrasi wong-wong mau kedadeyan saka Kali Mekong menyang [[Jasirah Malaka|Semenanjung Malaya]]. Bukti liyané sing ndhukung téori iki kalebu piranti watu sing ditemokaké ing Kepulauan Melayu sing analog karo piranti Asia Tengah, sing nuduhaké kamiripan adat istiadat Melayu lan Assam.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last1=Parthipan |first1=Shalini |last2=Mirianti Ishar |first2=Seri |date=2022 |title=Perspective on Ancestral Lineages and Genetic Markers of Malay Population in Peninsular Malaysia |url=http://journalarticle.ukm.my/19571/1/49021-177065-2-PB.pdf |journal=Journal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia |volume=20 |issue=1 |page=86 |via=Journalarticle.ukm.my |access-date=24 Maret 2026 |archive-date=16 Oktober 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221016080144/http://journalarticle.ukm.my/19571/1/49021-177065-2-PB.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> * Teori New Guinea/Pelaut (diterbitake ing taun 1965) – Migrasi pelaut kanthi katrampilan oseanografi sing kuwat sing lelungan saka pulo siji menyang pulo liyane antarane [[Niu Sélan]] lan [[Madhagaskar]]. Teori kasebut ngaku yen morfologi wong Melayu nalika semana padha karo Negroid.<ref name=":0" /> * Teori [[Républik Cina|Taiwan]] (diterbitake ing taun 1997) – Migrasi sekelompok wong saka Tiongkok Kidul kedadeyan 6.000 taun kepungkur, sawetara pindhah menyang [[Taiwan]] ([[wong pribumi Taiwan|pribumi Taiwan]] saiki minangka keturunane), banjur menyang [[Filipina]] lan mengko menyang [[Kalimantan]] (kurang luwih 4.500 taun kepungkur) ([[Dayak]] saiki lan kelompok liyane). Wong-wong kuna iki uga pisah, ana sing menyang [[Sulawesi]] lan ana sing menyang [[Jawa]], lan [[Sumatra]], sing saiki kabeh nganggo basa-basa sing kalebu kulawarga Basa Austronesia. Migrasi pungkasan kedadeyan ing Semenanjung Malaya kira-kira 3.000 taun kepungkur. Sawijining sub-kelompok saka Kalimantan pindhah menyang Champa ing jaman saiki sing diarani Vietnam Tengah lan Kidul kira-kira 4.500 taun kepungkur. Ana uga jejak migrasi Dong Son lan Hoabinhian saka [[Viètnam]] lan [[Kamboja]]. Kabeh klompok iki nduweni DNA lan asal-usul linguistik sing bisa ditelusuri saka pulo sing saiki diarani Taiwan, lan leluhure wong-wong kuna iki bisa ditelusuri saka Tiongkok kidul.{{sfn|Barnard|2004}} ==== Deutero-Melayu ==== [[Barkas:Women from Palembang in Ikat weave, Wanita di Indonesia p29 (Ministry of Information).jpg|thumb|Wanita saka [[Kutha Palémbang|Palémbang]] nganggo busana tradhisional, sing diarani Baju Kurung sing digawe saka [[Songkèt]]. Klambi iki umume digandhengake karo wanita keturunan Melayu.]] Wong Deutero-Melayu iku wong [[jaman wesi|Jaman Wesi]] sing sebagian turunan saka wong Austronésia sabanjure sing dilengkapi teknik pertanian sing luwih maju lan kawruh anyar babagan logam.{{sfn|Murdock|1969|p=278}}{{sfn|Ooi|2004|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=QKgraWbb7yoC&pg=PA495 495]}}{{sfn|Anderbeck|2002}} Para pemukim Deutero-Melayu ora nomaden kaya para leluhure: nanging dheweke manggon lan ngadegake kampung-kampung sing dadi unit utama ing masyarakat. Kampung-kampung iki biasane dumunung ing pinggir kali utawa pesisir lan umume bisa nyukupi pangan lan kabutuhan liyane. Ing pungkasan abad kaping 1 SM, kampung-kampung iki wiwit nindakake perdagangan karo jagad njaba.{{sfn|Jamil Abu Bakar|2002|p=39}} Wong Deutero-Melayu dianggep minangka leluhur langsung saka wong Melayu saiki.{{sfn|TED|1999}} ==== Ekspansi saka modhél Sundaland ==== Téori sing luwih anyar nyatakaké yèn tinimbang dipanggoni déning ekspansi saka daratan, populasi Jaman És ing Semenanjung Malaya, Kapuloan Indhonésia sing cedhak, lan landas kontinèntal sing nalika iku katon (Sundaland) malah berkembang sacara lokal saka pemukim manungsa pisanan lan ngembang menyang daratan. Para pendukung téori iki percaya yèn ekspansi iki mènèhi panjelasan sing luwih irit babagan bukti linguistik, arkeologi, lan antropologis tinimbang modhèl sadurungé, mliginé model Taiwan.{{sfn|Oppenheimer|2006}} Téori iki uga nduwèni dhukungan saka bukti genetik anyar saka Human Genome Organisation sing nuduhaké yèn pedunung utama Asia kedadeyan ing siji migrasi liwat [[Asia Kidul-wétan]]; rute iki dianggep minangka wilayah Melayu modern lan keragaman ing wilayah kasebut berkembang utamane ing panggonan kasebut tanpa mbutuhake migrasi utama saka daratan. Ekspansi kasebut dhewe bisa uga disebabake dening kenaikan permukaan laut ing pungkasan Jaman Es.{{sfn|Abdulla et al.|2009}}{{sfn|Soares, et al.|2008}} Stephen Oppenheimer, pendukung paham iki, luwih lanjut ngajokake teori yen ekspansi bangsa kedadeyan kanthi telung gelombang cepet amarga kenaikan permukaan laut ing pungkasan Jaman Es, lan diaspora iki nyebarake bangsa-bangsa kasebut lan budaya, mitos, lan teknologi sing ana gandhengane ora mung menyang daratan Asia Tenggara, nanging uga nganti India, Timur Tengah, lan Mediterania. Para pengulas nemokake usulan-usulane kanggo pemukiman lan panyebaran asli pantes ditliti luwih lanjut, nanging isih skeptis karo klaim difusionis dheweke.{{sfn|Razak|2012}}{{sfn|Terrell|1999}}{{sfn|Baer|1999}} === Bukti genetik === Wong Melayu iku sawijining klompok ètnis sing manggon ing Asia Kidul-wétan lan Semenanjung Malaya sing nganggo basa Austronésia. Miturut panliten ing taun 2015, wong Melayu saka Semenanjung Malaysia, [[Singapura]], [[Indhonésia]], lan [[Sri Lanka]] nduweni 4 komponen leluhur utama, kalebu Austronésia (17%–62%), Proto-Melayu (15%–31%), Asia Timur (4%–16%) lan Asia Selatan (3%–34%). Nanging komponen pribumi Austronésia lan Asia Tenggara luwih penting kanggo wong Melayu saka Semenanjung Malaysia, Singapura lan Indhonésia tinimbang Asia Wétan lan Asia Kidul. Kosok baline, wong Melayu saka Sri Lanka nduweni udakara 34% keturunan Asia Kidul ing susunan genetik, sing ndadekake dheweke relatif béda.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Deng |first1=Lian |last2=Hoh |first2=Boon-Peng |last3=Lu |first3=Dongsheng |last4=Saw |first4=Woei-Yuh |display-authors=3 |date=2015 |title=Dissecting the genetic structure and admixture of four geographical Malay populations |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=5 |doi=10.1038/srep14375 |pmid=26395220 |pmc=4585825 |bibcode=2015NatSR...514375D }}</ref> Panliten ing taun 2021 nyimpulake yen garis keturunan Basal-Asia Timur sing khas (kadhangkala diarani '''East- and Southeast Asian lineage''<nowiki/>' (ESEA)), sing minangka leluhure wong Asia Timur lan Tenggara modern, wong Polinesia, lan wong Siberia, asale saka Daratan Asia Tenggara ing ~50.000 SM, lan berkembang liwat pirang-pirang gelombang migrasi menyang kidul lan lor. Leluhur basal-Asia Wétan, uga leluhur sing ana gandhèngané karo [[kulawarga basa Austroasiatika|Austroasia]], nyebar menyang Asia Kidul-wétan Maritim sadurungé ekspansi Austronésia. Wong-wong sing nganggo basa Austronésia dhewe dikira wis tekan ing [[Taiwan]] lan [[Filipina]] sisih lor antarane 10.000 lan 7.000 SM saka pesisir kidul Tiongkok, lan nyebar saka kana menyang saindenging Asia Tenggara. Para penulis nyimpulake yen ekspansi Austronésia menyang Insular Asia Tenggara lan [[Polinésia]] metu saka Filipina tinimbang Taiwan, lan wong-wong sing nganggo basa Austronesia modern, kayata wong Melayu, umume duwe leluhur saka Basal-Asia Timur paling awal, migran Austroasia saka Asia Tenggara Daratan, lan pelaut sing nganggo basa Austronésia saka Filipina, tanpa akeh campuran saka klompok sadurunge.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Larena |first1=Maximilian |last2=Sanchez-Quinto |first2=Federico |last3=Sjödin |first3=Per |last4=McKenna |first4=James |last5=Ebeo |first5=Carlo |last6=Reyes |first6=Rebecca |last7=Casel |first7=Ophelia |last8=Huang |first8=Jin-Yuan |last9=Hagada |first9=Kim Pullupul |last10=Guilay |first10=Dennis |last11=Reyes |first11=Jennelyn |date=30 Maret 2021 |title=Multiple migrations to the Philippines during the last 50,000 years |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |volume=118 |issue=13 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2026132118 |issn=0027-8424 |pmc=8020671 |pmid=33753512|bibcode=2021PNAS..11826132L |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Yang |first=Melinda A. |date=6 Januari 2022 |title=A genetic history of migration, diversification, and admixture in Asia |url=http://www.pivotscipub.com/hpgg/2/1/0001/html |journal=Human Population Genetics and Genomics |language=en |volume=2 |issue=1 |pages=1–32 |doi=10.47248/hpgg2202010001 |issn=2770-5005 |doi-access=free |access-date=25 Maret 2026 |archive-date=16 Mèi 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220516110501/http://www.pivotscipub.com/hpgg/2/1/0001/html |url-status=live }}</ref> ==Budaya== === Agama === [[Barkas:Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddin Mosque 02.jpg|thumb|Masjid Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien ing [[Brunéi Darussalam]] ing wayah wengi [[Ramadhan]]. Karajan sugih iki nganut Melayu Islam Beraja (''Monarki Islam Melayu'') minangka filosofi nasional wiwit kamardikane ing taun 1984.]] Komunitas Melayu wiwitan umumé [[animisme|animis]], percaya marang anané ''semangat'' (roh) ing saben bab.<ref name="zaki1">{{harvnb|Zaki Ragman|2003|pp=1–6}}</ref> Kira-kira nalika wiwitan jaman umum, agama [[Hindhu]] lan [[Buda]] dikenalake dening para pedagang Asia Kidul menyang Kepulauan Melayu, ing ngendi agama kasebut berkembang nganti abad kaping 13, sadurunge tekane Islam sing digawa dening para pedagang Muslim Arab, Asia Kidul, lan Tiongkok. Ing abad kaping 15, Islam saka sekte [[Sunni]] ortodoks ngrembaka ing jagad Melayu ing jaman Kesultanan Malaka. Beda karo agama [[Hindhu|Hindu]], sing mung ngowahi masyarakat Melayu awal kanthi dangkal, [[Islam]] bisa diarani wis terintegrasi kanthi lengkap menyang urip saben dinane penduduk.<ref name="Syed">{{harvnb|Syed Husin Ali|2008|p=57}}</ref> Wiwit jaman iki, wong Melayu dianggep minangka kelompok etnoreligius lan sacara tradhisional nduweni identifikasi sing cedhak karo Islam{{sfn|Johns|Lahoud|2005|p=157}} lan wiwit kuwi dheweke ora ngganti agama.<ref name="Syed" /> Identitas iki kuwat banget nganti diarani dadi Muslim yaiku ''masuk Melayu'' (mlebu keMelayuan).{{sfn|Andaya|Andaya|1984|p=55}} Sanajan mangkono, kapercayan-kapercayan sadurungé sing duwé oyot sing luwih jero, tetep nglawan kutukan Islam - lan pancen mistisisme [[Sufisme]] wis gegandhèngan ing antarane wong Melayu, karo roh-roh saka jagad animisme sadurungé lan sawetara unsur Hindhu.{{sfn|Winstedt|1925|p=125}} Sawisé taun 1970-an, kebangkitan Islam (uga diarani re-Islamisasi{{sfn|Burgat|2003|p=54}}) ing saindenging jagad Muslim, akèh tradhisi sing dianggep nglanggar ajaran Islam lan ngandhut unsur syirik ditinggalaké déning wong Melayu ing Malaysia, déné ing antarane wong Melayu ing Indhonésia, tradhisi kasebut ora dianggep takhayul lan ngandhut unsur syirik. Ing antarane tradhisi kasebut yaiku festival ''mandi'' safar (adus [[Safar]]), festival [[adus]] kanggo nggayuh kasucian spiritual, sing bisa dideleng fitur-fitur sing padha karo sawetara ing Durga Puja ing India.{{sfn|Bolton|Hutton|2000|p=184}} Akèh-akèhé saka ètnis Melayu modern sing penganut Islam [[Sunni]]<ref>{{cite web |title=The Malay of Malaysia |publisher=Bethany World Prayer Center |url=http://kcm.co.kr/bethany_eng/p_code3/1892.html |access-date=2 Juli 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121010191042/http://kcm.co.kr/bethany_eng/p_code3/1892.html |archive-date=10 Oktober 2012}}</ref> lan riyaya Melayu sing paling penting yaiku sing asalé saka Islam - ''[[Idul Fitri|Hari Raya Aidilfitri]]'', ''[[Idul Adha|Hari Raya Aidiladha]]'', ''[[Muharram|Awal Muharram]]'', lan ''[[Mulud (pahargyan)|Maulidur Rasul]]''. Wong Melayu sing metu saka Islam ing Malaysia lan Brunéi dianggep murtad. Nanging, ana sawetara etnis Melayu sing manggon ing njaba negara-negara kasebut uga wis nganut agama liya kanthi sah miturut hukum. === Arsitèktur === {{See also|Omah Melayu}} [[Gambar:Rumah kedah.gif|thumb|350px|Omah tradhisional Melayu ing [[Kedah]], dihias nganggo panel ukiran khas [[Jasirah Malaka|Semenanjung Melayu]] sisih lor.]] [[Gambar:Malacca Sultanate Palace Museum 1.jpg|thumb|350px|Replika Kraton Kesultanan Malaka, sing dibangun saka informasi lan data sing dipikolehi saka [[Sejarah Melayu]]. Dokumen sejarah iki nduwèni referensi babagan konstruksi lan arsitektur kraton nalika jaman Sultan Mansur Shah, sing mrentah saka taun 1458 nganti 1477.]] Maneka warna pengaruh budaya, utamane wong Tionghoa, Indhi, lan Éropa, nduweni peran utama ing mbentuk arsitèktur Melayu.{{sfn|Henket|Heynen|2002|p=181}} Nganti saiki, kayu minangka bahan utama sing digunakake kanggo kabeh bangunan tradhisional Melayu.<ref name="MC1219">{{harvnb|Marshall Cavendish|2007|p=1219}}</ref> Nanging, akeh struktur watu uga ditemokake utamane kompleks agama saka jaman [[Praja Sriwijaya|Sriwijaya]] lan kerajaan Melayu Isthmian kuna. [[Candhi Muara Takus]] lan [[Kompleks Candhi Muaro Jambi|Candhi Muaro Jambi]] ing [[Sumatra]] kalebu salah sijine conto sing ana gegayutane karo unsur arsitèktur Kerajaan Sriwijaya. Nanging, arsitektur Sriwijaya umumé diwakili ing Chaiya (saiki provinsi ing [[Thai]]land) ing Semenanjung Malaya, sing dadi pusat penting nalika periode Sriwijaya.{{sfn|Chihara|1996|p=213}}{{sfn|Van Beek|Invernizzi|1999|p=75}} Jinis struktur iki kasusun saka kamar sel kanggo nyimpen gambar Buddha lan pucuk struktur kasebut didegake awujud ''[[stupa]]'' kanthi teras sing ditumpangake kanthi runtut, sing minangka conto paling apik ing ''Wat Pra Borom That'' ing Chaiya.{{sfn|Jermsawatdi|1989|p=65}} Ana uga bukti-bukti papan suci utawa ''[[Candhi|Candi]]'' Hindu ing sekitar Kedah kidul antarane gunung Jerai lan lembah Kali Muda, sawijining wilayah sing dikenal minangka [[Lembah Bujang]]. Ing area seluas kira-kira 350 kilometer persegi, ana 87 situs agama bersejarah awal sing dilapurake lan ana 12 ''candhi'' sing dumunung ing pucuk gunung, sawijining fitur sing nuduhake yen bisa uga asale saka kapercayan Melayu pra-sejarah babagan kasucèn panggonan sing dhuwur.{{sfn|O'Reilly|2007|p=42}} [[Gambar:Pintu Istana Setul Mambang Segara.jpg|thumb|350px|Panel tembok sing dihias nganggo macem-macem motif kembang saka omah kraton Setul Mambang Segara kaya sing katon ing Muzium Negara. Setul iku sawijining kerajaan Melayu bersejarah sing ana antara taun 1808 lan 1915 ing Semenanjung Melayu sisih lor.]] Referensi awal babagan arsitektur Melayu ing Semenanjung Melayu bisa ditemokake ing sawetara cathetan Tiongkok. Cathetan Tiongkok saka abad kaping 7 nyritakake babagan peziarah Buddha sing teka ing Langkasuka lan nyebutake kutha kasebut diubengi tembok sing dibangun menara lan bisa dilewati liwat gapura ganda.{{sfn|Jamil Abu Bakar|2002|p=59}} Cathetan liyane saka abad kaping 7 babagan utusan khusus Tiongkok menyang Kerajaan Bumi Abang ing Semenanjung Melayu, nyathet yen kutha krajan kasebut nduweni telung gapura sing jaraké luwih saka satus langkah, sing dihiasi lukisan tema Buddha lan roh wanita.{{sfn|Mohamad Tajuddin Haji Mohamad Rasdi|2005|p=19}} Gambaran rinci pisanan babagan arsitèktur Melayu ana ing ''[[wikt:istana#Noun 3|Istana]]'' kayu gedhe kagungane Mansur Shah saka Malaka (mrentah 1458–1477).<ref name="MC1219" /> Miturut [[Sejarah Melayu]], bangunan kasebut nduweni struktur pitu teluk sing ditinggikake ing pilar kayu kanthi atap pitung tingkat sing digawe saka sirap tembaga lan dihiasi menara berlapis emas lan pangilon kaca Cina.{{sfn|Mohamad Tajuddin Haji Mohamad Rasdi|2005|p=24}} [[Omah Melayu|Omah-omah tradhisional Melayu]] dibangun nganggo struktur rangka kayu sing prasaja. Atap-atapé miring, teras ing ngarep, langit-langité dhuwur, akèh bolongan ing tembok kanggo ventilasi,<ref>{{cite web |last=Ahmad |first=A. Ghafar |title=Malay Vernacular Architecture |url= http://www.hbp.usm.my/conservation/malayvernacular.htm |access-date=21 Oktober 2026 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100610190114/http://www.hbp.usm.my/conservation/malayvernacular.htm |archive-date=10 Juni 2010 }}</ref> lan asring dihias nganggo ukiran kayu sing rumit. Kaendahan lan kualitas ukiran kayu Melayu dimaksudake minangka indikator visual saka drajat lan status sosial sing nduweni dhewe.{{sfn|Noor|Khoo|2003|p=47}} Omah Salinger, sing menangaké Penghargaan Arsitektur Aga Khan taun 1998, minangka conto modern saka desain tradhisional iki.<ref name="Steele 187-188">{{cite book |last1=Steele |first1=James |url=https://archive.org/details/greenwoodencyclo0000stee/page/186/mode/2up?q=%22salinger+house%22 |title=The Greenwood encyclopedia of homes through world history: Volume 3 |date=2009 |publisher=Greenwood Press |isbn=978-0-313-33791-8 |pages=187–188 |access-date=21 Oktober 2026}}</ref><ref name="Jantan et al. 16-17">{{cite book |last1=Jantan |first1=Amer Hamzah |url=https://archive.org/details/malaysiasingapor0000mala/page/16/mode/2up?q=%22Rudinara%22 |title=Malaysia, Singapore, and ASEAN in an age of globalisation |last2=Said |first2=Hassan |last3=Bajunid |first3=Ibrahim Ahmad |last4=Ismail |first4=Ibrahim |last5=Talib |first5=Shaharil |last6=Ahmad |first6=Shamsulbahriah Ku |date=2002 |publisher=Asia-Europe Institute, University of Malaya |isbn=983-2085-42-X |pages=16–17 |access-date=21 Oktober 2026}}</ref> Sajrone pirang-pirang dekade, arsitektur Melayu tradisional wis dipengaruhi dening [[Wong Bugis|Bugis]] lan [[Omah Joglo|Jawa]] saka kidul, Siam, Inggris, Arab lan India saka lor, Portugis, Walanda, Acéh lan [[Omah Gadang|Minangkabau]] saka kulon lan Cina Kidul saka wetan.<ref>{{cite web |title=For Sale – CountryHeights |work=The Art of Living Show |date=22 Maret 2011 |via=YouTube |url= https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7ZCHUMYs2CM |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211212/7ZCHUMYs2CM| archive-date=12 Dhésèmber 2021 |url-status=live}}{{cbignore}}</ref> ===Basa=== [[Barkas:Prasasti Kedukan Bukit 3.jpg|thumb|[[Prasasti Kedukan Bukit]] ditulis nganggo [[aksara Pallawa]]. Wis ana wiwit taun 683, iki minangka salah sawijining artefak tulisan Melayu paling tuwa sing isih ana.]] {{Main|Basa Malayu}} {{See also|Aksara Gundhil}} [[Basa Malayu]] iku salah siji basa sing paling misuwur ing donya, mligine saka kulawarga basa Austronésia. Varian lan dialek [[basa Melayu]] digunakake minangka basa resmi ing [[Brunéi Darussalam]], [[Indhonésia]], [[Malaysia]], lan [[Singapura]]. Basa iki uga dicaturaké ing [[Thai]]land kidul, [[Kapuloan Cocos (Keeling)|Kapuloan Cocos]], [[Pulo Natal]], lan [[Sri Lanka]]. Basa iki dicaturaké déning kurang luwih 33 yuta wong ing sakubengé Kapuloan Melayu lan digunakaké minangka basa kapindho déning kurang luwih 220 yuta wong.{{sfn|Wright|2007|p=492}} Wangun basa Malayu paling tuwa asale saka basa Proto-Malayu-Polinésia sing dituturake dening para pemukim Austronésia paling awal ing [[Asia Kidul-wétan]]. Wangun iki banjur berkembang dadi basa Malayu Kuna nalika budaya lan agama India wiwit nembus wilayah kasebut. Basa Melayu Kuna ngandhut sawetara istilah sing isih ana nganti saiki, nanging tetep ora bisa dimangerteni dening penutur modern, dene basa modern wis umume bisa dikenali ing basa Melayu Klasik tulisan, sing bentuk paling tuwa wiwit taun 1303 Masehi.{{sfn|Teeuw|1959|p=149}} Basa Melayu berkembang dadi basa Malayu Klasik liwat mlebune akeh kosakata [[basa Arab|Arab]] lan [[basa Pèrsi|Pèrsi]] kanthi bertahap nalika Islam mlebu ing wilayah kasebut, lan sajrone proses kasebut ana owah-owahan sing signifikan. Wiwitane, basa Melayu Klasik minangka klompok dialek sing maneka warna, sing nggambarake asal-usul kerajaan-kerajaan Melayu ing Asia Kidul-wétan. Salah sawijining dialek iki, sing dikembangake ing tradhisi sastra Kesultanan Malaka ing abad kaping 15, pungkasane dadi dominan. Jaman Malaka ditandhani karo owah-owahan basa Melayu dadi basa Islam, kaya dene basa Arab, Persia, Urdu, lan Swahili. [[Aksara Arab]] sing diadaptasi sing diarani [[aksara Jawi|Jawi]] digunakake kanggo ngganti [[aksara Kawi]], terminologi agama lan budaya Islam diasimilasi kanthi akeh, mbuwang akeh tembung Hindu-Buddha, lan basa Malayu dadi basa pengantar lan panyebaran Islam ing saindenging wilayah [[Asia Kidul-wétan]]. Ing puncak kekuasaan Malaka ing abad kaping 15, basa Malayu Klasik nyebar ngluwihi jagad penutur basa Melayu tradhisional<ref name="Sneddon 2003 59">{{harvnb|Sneddon|2003|p=59}}</ref> lan ngasilake ''[[basantara|lingua franca]]'' sing diarani ''Bahasa Melayu pasar'' ("Bazaar Melayu") utawa ''Bahasa Melayu rendah'' ("Melayu Endhek"), beda karo ''Bahasa Melayu Tinggi'' ("Melayu Luhur") ing Malaka.{{sfn|Sneddon|2003|p=84}} Lumrahé, basa Melayu Bazaar iku basa pidgin lan perkembangan sing paling penting yaiku basa pidgin dikreolisasi, sing nggawé sawetara basa anyar kaya ta [[basa Malayu Ambon]], [[basa Malayu Manado|Malayu Manado]], lan [[basa Batawi]].{{sfn|Sneddon|2003|p=60}} Para panulis [[Éropa]] ing abad kaping 17 lan 18, kaya ta Tavernier, Thomassin lan Werndly nggambarake basa Malayu minangka "''basa para wong pinter ing kabeh Hindia, kaya [[basa Latin]] ing Eropa''".{{sfn|Sweeney|1987}} Iki uga sing paling akeh digunakake nalika jaman penjajahan Inggris lan Walanda ing Kepulauan Melayu.{{sfn|Van der Putten|Cody|2009|p=55}} Kosok baline katon ing Hindia Timur Spanyol, ing ngendi latinisasi massal ing kepulauan kasebut sajrone taun-taun kolonial nyebabake kudeta historis basa Malayu ing Filipina. Dialek Kesultanan Johor, penerus langsung Malaka, dadi basa standar ing antarane wong Melayu ing [[Singapura]] lan [[Malaysia]], lan iki dadi dhasar asli kanggo [[basa Indhonésia]] sing wis distandardisasi.<ref name="Sneddon 2003 59"/>{{sfn|Wong|1973|p=126}}{{sfn|Clyne|1992|p=413}}{{sfn|Brown|Ogilvie|2009|p=678}} Saliyané basa Malayu standar, sing dikembangaké ing lingkungan Malaka-Johor, ana uga manéka dialek Melayu lokal. Contone, wong [[basa Bangka|Bangka]], Brunéi, [[basa Melayu Jambi|Jambi]], [[basa Malayu Kelantan-Petani|Kelantan]], Kedah, Negeri Sembilan, [[basa Palémbang|Palémbang]], [[Basa Malayu Kelantan-Petani|Pattan]], Sarawak, [[Basa Malayu Trengganu|Terengganu]], lan liya-liyane. Basa Malayu sacara historis ditulis nganggo [[aksara Pallawa]], [[aksara Kawi|Kawi]], lan [[aksara Réncong|Réncong]]. Sawisé tekané Islam, [[aksara Jawi]] sing adhedhasar basa Arab diadopsi lan isih digunakaké nganti saiki minangka salah siji saka rong aksara resmi ing [[Brunéi Darussalam]] lan minangka aksara alternatif ing [[Malaysia]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Kedah MB defends use of Jawi on signboards |work=The Star |year=2008 |url=http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2008/8/26/nation/22168989&sec=nation |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121029105406/http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=%2F2008%2F8%2F26%2Fnation%2F22168989&sec=nation |archive-date=29 Oktober 2012 }}</ref> Wiwit abad kaping 17, minangka akibat saka penjajahan Inggris lan Walanda, aksara Jawi mboko sithik diganti karo aksara Rumi<ref>{{cite web |title=Malay (Bahasa Melayu / بهاس ملايو) |website=Omniglot |url=http://www.omniglot.com/writing/malay.htm |access-date=2 Juli 2026 |archive-date=26 Juni 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190626115200/http://www.omniglot.com/writing/malay.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> sing adhedhasar Latin sing pungkasane dadi aksara modern resmi kanggo [[basa Malayu]] ing [[Malaysia]], [[Singapura]], lan [[Indhonésia]], lan aksara resmi ing [[Brunéi Darussalam]]. === Festival lan perayaan === [[Barkas:Majlis Tujuh Likor Pasang Pelita.jpg|thumb|Deretan Pelita ([[senthir|lampu lenga]]) sing diobong nalika ''Malam Tujuh Likur'' (wengi kaping 27 Ramadhan), lampu lenga iki sacara tradhisional digunakake kanggo madhangi omah lan dalan sajrone [[Ramadhan]]. Katon ing Muar, [[Johor]], [[Malaysia]].]] Munculé [[Islam]] kasil ngowahi identitas Melayu ing abad kaping 15. Mangkono, umume festival lan perayaan Melayu mlaku sejajar karo kalender Islam, sanajan wis mendarah daging karo rasa karakter Melayu sing kuwat. Perayaan Hari Raya (sing diterjemahake minangka "Dina Agung") rong taun sekali, yaiku [[Aidilfitri]] lan [[Aidiladha]], dianggep minangka perayaan gedhe sacara universal ing saindenging komunitas Melayu. Rong dina riyaya iki penting banget kanggo menehi komentar babagan rong prastawa utama lan filsafat ing ajaran lan kapercayan Islam. Sing pertama nandhani kamenangan minangka wong Islam sawise sewulan [[pasa (Islam)|pasa]] lan sabar ing wulan Ramadhan, dene sing terakhir nandhani ngurmati kurban sing digawe dening [[Ibrahim]] (Abraham) atas asmane [[Allah]]. Liburan ''Raya'' biasane diwiwiti nalika acara mulih kampung sing dikenal minangka Balik Kampung utawa ''Balik Raya'' sing kedadeyan sawetara dina sadurunge riyaya. Sajrone dina riyaya Hari Raya, wong Melayu bakal ngrayakake kanthi nindakake [[salat id]], nganakake pesta gedhe lan ngunjungi kanca, sedulur, lan tangga teparo. Ziarah menyang makam wong sing wis tilar donya uga penting, minangka tandha pakurmatan, katresnan, lan pakurmatan. [[Barkas:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Plechtigheden bij de kroning van de Sultan van Deli in 1925 op de troon de sultan en zijn echtgenote met aan weerszijden de rijkssieraden TMnr 10001572.jpg|thumb|Upacara penobatan antarane Tengku Otteman, minangka ''Tengku Mahkota'' (Putera Mahkota) Kasultanan Deli, [[Indhiya Nèderlan|Hindia Walanda]]; karo garwane, Raja Amnah, anggota Royalti Perak minangka ''Tengku Puan Indera'' ing taun 1925]] Upacara liturgi lan agama utama liyane sing dirayakake dening wong Melayu kalebu [[Ramadhan]], sasi suci sewulan sing dikhususake kanggo pasa awan lan macem-macem kegiatan agama; [[Mulud (pahargyan)|Maulidur Rasul]], prosesi gedhe khusus kanggo ngurmati laire Nabi [[Mukamad|Muhammad]]; [[dina Asyura|Asyura]], pangeling-eling [[Muharram]] ing ngendi wong Melayu bakal nyiyapake sajian khusus, sing dikenal minangka ''Bubur Ashura''; [[Nisfu Sya'ban|Nisfu Syaaban]], perayaan Pertengahan [[Sya'ban]], dina khusus [[puasa]] kanggo pangapura; Nuzul Quran, wahyu pisanan [[Kuran|Al-Quran]]; [[Isra' Mi'raj|Israk dan Mikraj]], munggahe [[Nabi Muhammad]] menyang swarga lan Awal Muharram, Taun Anyar Islam; telung perayaan pungkasan biasane diamati kanthi nganakake sholat ''sunat'' khusus, ceramah agama lan diskusi Islam ing [[masjid]]. Ana uga akeh festival budaya regional domestik lan acara sosial ing macem-macem lingkungan Melayu. Wilayah pesisir sacara historis dikenal minangka papan kanggo nganakake upacara ''Mandi Safar'' utawa ''Puja Pantai'', yaiku adus penyucian sajrone sasi [[Safar]] [[pananggalan Hijriyah|Islam]], sing wiwitane ditiru saka ritual pembersihan suci Melayu kuno pra-Islam, padha karo tradisi Belimau sadurunge Ramadhan; lan ''Pesta Menuai'', festival panen sing dirayakake dening komunitas Melayu pedalaman lan agraris kanthi dolanan tradhisional, teater, Joget, lan repertoar tari-tarian liyane. Nanging, kaloro praktik kasebut mboko sithik ilang amarga macem-macem revolusi sosial lan ekonomi sing dirancang ing komunitas Melayu ing abad kaping 20. Kajaba iku, akeh wong Melayu uga dikenal melu perayaan kekaisaran kanggo ngurmati kraton ing kerajaan masing-masing. Fitur-fitur Islam uga nyulam kanthi kuat perayaan Melayu ing tataran individu, sawijining jukstaposisi sing kaiket karo ritual spiritual minangka wong [[Muslim]]. Wong Melayu biasane nganakake ''kenduri'', pesta upacara keagamaan kanggo ngrayakake utawa njaluk berkah kanggo sawijining acara. Ana sawetara variasi filosofis saka kenduri, wiwit saka ''Doa Selamat'' (njaluk sih rahmat lan perlindungan saka Gusti Allah), ''Kesyukuran'' (kanggo rasa syukur lan pangestu), ''Melenggang Perut'' (pijet upacara kanggo ibu sing lagi ngandhut anak pertamane), ''Aqiqah'' lan ''Cukur Jambul'' (upacara bayi anyar, kanggo ngrayakake urip anyar), ''Bertindik'' (upacara tindik pisanan kanggo bocah wadon), ''Khatam'' (upacara wisuda, sawise bocah maca [[Al-Qur'an]] kanthi lengkap kanggo pisanan), ''Khatan'' ([[tetak|sunat]]), ''Kahwin'' ([[nikah|pesta manten]]), ''Arwah'' utawa ''Tahlil'' (pandonga kanggo wong sing wis tilar donya), lan sawetara liyane. Acara iki biasane dianakake dening kulawarga lan biasane dibantu dening masyarakat ing sawijining acara sosial sing dikenal minangka ''Rewang'' utawa ''Gotong-royong''. Sajrone upacara iki, kabeh kulawarga bakal dibantu dening tangga teparo lan sedulure, sing masrahake macem-macem tugas wiwit saka nyiyapake panganan, manajemen papan, perakitan logistik, lan kontrol teknis liyane. Nanging, sawise munculé urbanisme ing komunitas Melayu kontemporer, praktik ''Rewang/Gotong-Royong'' mboko sithik digantikan karo layanan katering sing disewa dening kulawarga. === Musik === {{Main|Musik Melayu}} [[Musik Melayu]] iku sawijining [[genre musik]] [[lagu dhaèrah|tradhisional]] sing asale lan berkembang ing pesisir wétan [[Sumatra]], [[Kalimantan]], lan [[Jasirah Malaka|Semenanjung Malaya]].<ref>Sahputra, T. W. H., Martarosa, & Warhat, Z. (2019). ''[https://media.neliti.com/media/publications/408383-musik-jazz-melayu-dalam-kajian-kreativit-7b989836.pdf Musik jazz Melayu dalam kajian kreativitas]''. ''Melayu Arts and Performance Journal'', 2(2), 191–200. </ref> [[Musik]] iki biasane dinyanyekake dening wong-wong saka etnis Melayu lan asring diiringi tarian khas Melayu lokal, contone nawakake tarian ing acara utawa pesta tradhisional, nampani tamu kehormatan, lan ing kegiatan keagamaan.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Purba|first=Junaidi|last2=Putri|first2=Sabrina Maulidia|last3=Nelson|first3=Ricky|last4=Silaban|first4=Cahyani Yesika br|last5=Ridho|first5=Muhammad Habibur|last6=Andika|first6=Riki|last7=Sitorus|first7=Christina Harianti|last8=Sa|first8=Maulidha|last9=Dardanila|url=https://www.google.co.id/books/edition/TRANSFORMATION_OF_TRADITIONAL_ARTS_RESPO/mtaeEQAAQBAJ?hl=id&gbpv=0|title=TRANSFORMATION OF TRADITIONAL ARTS: RESPONDING TO THE CHALLENGES OF THE TIMES|publisher=Mawadra Lestari Enterprise|isbn=978-629-95611-1-8|pages=62|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Asbullah|first=Habib|last2=Rizkia|first2=Ayu|last3=Batrisya|last4=Julianto|first4=Deldi|last5=Pangestu|first5=Dimas|last6=Rania|first6=Dinda Safira|last7=Miranti|first7=Dwi|last8=Afrillia|first8=Ega|last9=Irianto|first9=Ega Deni|url=https://www.google.co.id/books/edition/Mengabadikan_Riau_Buku_I/WXsgEAAAQBAJ?hl=id&gbpv=0|title=Mengabadikan Riau: Buku I: Antologi Esai Kebudayaan|publisher=Penerbit Pustaka Rumah C1nta|isbn=978-623-7961-67-3|pages=95|language=id|url-status=live}}</ref> Sing menarik saka [[genre musik]] iki yaiku komposisine sing kasusun saka lirik lagu sing ngemot puisi sing diadaptasi karo urip saben dina, katresnan (kaya Dondang Sayang) lan kebak piwulang (pesen moral), kebak swara utawa vokal cengkok khas [[Melayu]], lan aransemen musik sing disusun kanthi rapi. Bebarengan karo perkembangan jaman, musik Melayu uga ngalami owah-owahan gaya musik, contone, musik iki uga ngalami fusi karo [[musik pop]], [[musik rock|rock]], lan [[dangdut]]. Aliran iki bisa ditemokaké ing negara-negara sing ana gandhèngané karo Melayu, kaya ta [[Indhonésia]], [[Malaysia]], [[Singapura]], lan [[Brunéi Darussalam]]. Ing wiwitan perkembangane, instrumen musik sing digunakake didominasi dening aksi [[rebana]] sing diarani Kompang saka [[Kabupatèn Panaraga|Ponorogo]], petik gambus, gesekan [[piyul]], nabuh akordeon, swara [[gong]], lan tiupan [[serunai]]. Iki dipengaruhi dening [[budaya]] tanah Arab lan [[Éropa]] tradisional. Bebarengan karo perkembangan teknologi, kabeh iki wis diganti karo instrumen musik elektronik awujud keyboard. Nanging, ing kegiatan tartamtu, instrumen musik tradisional isih digunakake kanggo nglestarikake warisan budaya. Ing perkembangane, gerakan iki populer ing taun 80-an lan malah mlebu era "puncak kejayaan" ing taun 90-an. Iki ditandhani karo tambah akeh penyanyi lan [[marchingband|band]] Melayu, lan pendatang anyar sing muncul kanthi lagu-lagu andalan dhewe. ===Olahan=== {{Main|Olahan Melayu}} [[Barkas:ASAM PEDAS IKAN PARI.jpg|thumb|''[[Asem pedhes|Asam pedas]]'', ''[[gulé|gulai]]'' sing kecut lan pedhes]] [[Olahan Melayu]] ditondoi kanthi panggunaan rempah-rempah aromatik, [[santen]], bahan-bahan fermentasi, lan jamu seger sing ekstensif, sing ngasilake masakan kanthi profil rasa sing kompleks lan kuat. Komponen-komponen masakan sing diwakili kalebu ''[[gulé|gulai]]'' (semur klapa), ''[[asem pedhes|asam pedas]]'' (semur asem lan pedhes), ''[[kupat|ketupat]]'' (lontong beras kompres sing umum digandhengake karo konsumsi perayaan), ''[[sega lenga|nasi minyak]]'' (sajian sega bumbu sing digawe karo ghee), ''[[rendhang|rendang]]'' (daging bumbu sing dimasak alon), ''[[sambel|sambal]]'' (bumbu adhedhasar lombok), ''[[krupuk|keropok]]'' (krupuk iwak utawa urang), ''[[kuih]]'' tradhisional (kue lan jajanan ukuran cokotan), ''[[jenang|dodol]]'' (kue manis adhedhasar klapa) lan olahan fermentasi kayata ''[[pekasam|perkasam]]''. Senajan nduweni dhasar kuliner sing padha, masakan Melayu regional nuduhake variasi sing cukup gedhe sing dibentuk dening geografi, sumber daya pertanian lokal, jaringan perdagangan, lan interaksi sejarah. Spesialisasi regional sing béda kalebu ''[[sega dagang|nasi dagang]]'', ''[[sega kerabu|nasi kerabu]]'' lan ''[[lékor|keropok lekor]]'' ing Pattani, [[Trengganu]] lan [[Kelantan]]; Pahang lan Perak kanggo masakan basis [[durian]] sawijining, ''[[gulé|gulai]]'' ''[[tempoyak]]''; [[Kedah]] lan [[Pulo Pinang]] kanggo ''[[laksa|asam laksa]]'' lan ''rojak'' gaya lor; Satun lan Perlis kanggo panganan cuci mulut ''bunga kuda''; [[Negeri Sembilan]] kanggo masakan ''lemak''; [[Melaka|Malaka]] kanggo ''[[cincalok]]'' pedhes; [[Singapura]] kanggo ''[[rujak|rojak bandung]]'' lan ''[[Roti Canai|roti prata]]''; [[Riau]] kanggo masakan ''ikan patin'' (iwak ''[[patin|Pangasius]]''), ''[[gulé|gulai]] ikan patin'' lan ''[[asem pedhes|asam pedas]] [[patin|ikan patin]]''; [[Kapuloan Riau]] kanggo ''sup ikan''; Wong Melayu Deli ing [[Sumatra Lor]] kanggo ''[[sega gorèng|nasi goreng]] [[iwak teri|teri]] medan'' lan ''[[gulé|gulai]] ketam'';{{sfn|Winarno|2010}} [[Jambi]] kanggo ''ikan mas panggang'' lan ''[[tempoyak]]''; Wong Melayu Palémbang ing [[Sumatra Kidul]] kanggo ''[[pèmpèk|pempek]]'', ''[[mi celor]]'' lan ''[[sega lenga|nasi minyak]]''; [[Kapuloan Bangka-Belitung|Bangka Belitung]] kanggo ''siput gonggong'' lan ''[[terang bulan]]''; [[Kalimantan Kulon]] lan [[Sarawak]] kanggo ''[[bubur pedhes|bubur pedas]]'' lan ''ayam pansuh''; lan [[Brunéi Darussalam]] kanggo Nasi katok lan sajian ''ambuyat'' unik. Ciri utama olahan Melayu tradhisional ora mangu-mangu yaiku panggunaan rempah-rempah sing akeh. [[Santen]] uga penting kanggo menehi rasa sing sugih lan lembut ing masakan Melayu. Bahan dhasar liyané yaiku ''[[trasi|belacan]]'' (tempe urang), sing digunakaké minangka dhasar ''sambal'', saus utawa bumbu sing sugih rasa sing digawé saka belacan, [[lombok abang|lombok]], bawang bombay, lan bawang putih. Masakan Melayu uga akeh nggunakake sereh lan lengkuas.{{sfn|Alexander|2006|p=58}} Meh saben dhaharan Melayu disuguhake karo sega, [[panganan baku|panganan pokok]] ing pirang-pirang budaya Asia Wétan liyane. Senajan ana macem-macem jinis masakan ing panganan Melayu, kabeh disuguhake sekaligus, ora sak porsi. Panganan dipangan kanthi alus nganggo driji tangan tengen, ora nganggo driji kiwa amarga digunakake kanggo wudhu pribadi, lan wong Melayu arang nggunakake piranti makan.{{sfn|Marshall Cavendish|2007|p=1222}} Amarga umume wong Melayu iku [[Muslim]], olahan Melayu ngetutake hukum diet [[halal]] Islam kanthi ketat. Asupan protein biasane dijupuk saka daging sapi, kebo, wedhus, lan wedhus, lan uga kalebu unggas lan iwak. Babi lan daging non-halal, uga alkohol dilarang lan ora ana ing panganan saben dinane wong Melayu. [[Nasi lemak]], sega sing dimasak nganggo [[santen]] sing pekat, mbokmenawa minangka masakan paling populer ing kutha lan desa-desa Melayu. Nasi lemak dianggep minangka [[olahan nasional]] [[Malaysia]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Nasi Lemak |website= Malaysia.com |url= http://www.malaysia.com/nasi-lemak-food.html |access-date=18 Oktober 2026 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150511161416/http://malaysia.com/nasi-lemak-food.html |archive-date=11 Mèi 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref> Dene ''Nasi Minyak'' lan ''Nasi Hujan Panas'', sega sing dipanggang karo ghee lan rempah-rempah, dianggep minangka sajian upacara kanggo acara-acara khusus, utamane nalika pesta manten tradhisional Melayu. === Sastra === [[Barkas:Hkyt merong mahawgsa.jpg|thumb|Hikayat Merong Mahawangsa ing teks [[Aksara Gundhil|Jawi]]. Uga dikenal minangka Sejarah Kedah, iki minangka sastra Melayu kuna sing nyritakake garis keturunan Merong Mahawangsa lan madege [[Kedah]].]] Sastra lisan lan sastra klasik wong Melayu ngemot akeh potret wong-wong, wiwit jaman kuna nganti jaman kontemporer.{{sfn|Littrup|1996|p=192}} Ing sastra Melayu, ana sawetara jinis puisi, yaiku [[parikan|Pantun]], Syair, lan Gurindam. Wangun [[sastra]] Melayu paling awal yaiku sastra lisan lan subjek utama yaiku [[folklor]] tradhisional sing ana gandhengane karo [[alam]], kewan, lan manungsa. Folklor Melayu klasik kasusun saka lagu lan musik tradhisional, puisi kepahlawanan, dongeng kewan, crita memedi, kedadeyan ing jaman kepungkur, dongeng, crita simbolis, mitos, lan crita bardik. Saben crita nduweni energi dhewe-dhewe babagan karakter, semangat, latar, lan crita, lan umume digawe kanthi tujuan kanggo menehi rasa seneng, bimbingan, pendidikan, pengeling-eling, penjelasan, lan liya-liyane. Cerita rakyat kasebut diapalake lan diwarisake saka generasi siji menyang generasi sabanjure. Kathah dongeng-dongeng menika ugi dipunserat dening ''penglipur lara'' (para tukang crita) tuladhanipun: ''Hikayat Malim Dewa'', ''Hikayat Malim Deman'', ''Hikayat Raja Donan'', ''Hikayat Anggun Cik Tunggal'', lan ''Hikayat Awang Sulung Merah Muda''. Nalika pengaruh India mlebu ing Kapuloan Melayu udakara 2000 taun kepungkur, sastra Melayu wiwit nggabungake unsur-unsur India. [[Sastra]] ing jaman iki akèh-akèhé awujud terjemahan saka sastra lan roman Sansekerta, utawa paling ora sawetara produksi sing diilhami déning sastra lan roman kasebut, lan kebak kiasan kanggo mitologi Hindu. Mbokmenawa nganti wektu wiwitan iki bisa ditelusuri karya-karya kayata ''[[Hikayat Seri Rama]]'' (terjemahan gratis saka ''[[Ramayana]]''), ''Hikayat Bayan Budiman'' (adaptasi saka Śukasaptati) lan ''Hikayat Panca Tanderan'' (adaptasi saka ''Hitopadesha'').<ref name="popular science 1899">{{harvnb|Ford|1899|pp=379–381}}</ref> Jaman sastra Melayu klasik diwiwiti sawisé tekané [[Islam]] lan ditemokaké [[aksara Gundhil|aksara Jawi]] (aksara Melayu adhedhasar [[aksara Arab|Arab]]). Wiwit kuwi, kapercayan lan konsep Islam wiwit menehi tandha ing sastra Melayu. Watu Prasasti Terengganu, sing digawe taun 1303, minangka tulisan naratif Melayu paling awal sing dikenal. Watu iki diukir nganggo aksara Jawi babagan sejarah, hukum, lan roman.<ref name="Marshall Cavendish 2007 1218">{{harvnb|Marshall Cavendish|2007|p=1218}}</ref> Ing jaman kejayaane, Kesultanan Malaka ora mung dadi pusat Islamisasi, nanging uga dadi pusat ekspresi budaya Melayu kalebu sastra. Sajrone jaman iki, karya-karya sastra Timur Tengah sing misuwur diterjemahake lan buku-buku agama ditulis nganggo [[basa Malayu]]. Antarane karya terjemahan sing misuwur yaiku ''Hikayat Muhammad Hanafiah'' lan ''Hikayat Amir Hamzah''. Kebangkitan kasusastran Melayu ing jaman kasebut uga ditulis dening karya sastra asli liyane sing diwarnai dening [[tasawuf]] mistik Timur Tengah, karya-karya Hamzah Fansuri sing misuwur kayata ''Asrar al-Arifin'' (''Rahsia Orang yang Bijaksana''; Rahasia Wong Wicaksana), ''Sharab al-Asyikin'' (''Minuman Segala Orang yang Berahi''; Ombenan kanggo Kabeh Wong sing Semangat) lan ''Zinat al-Muwahidin'' (''Perhiasan Sekalian Orang yang Mengesakan''; Hiasan kanggo Kabeh Wong sing Setia) bisa katon minangka opera magna jaman. [[File:Wayang Kulit Kelantan-Patani.jpg|thumb|upright=1.5|[[Wayang kulit|Wayang Kulit]] gaya Kelantan-Patani sing nyritakake kisah heroik [[Hikayat Seri Rama]].]] Karya sastra Melayu sing paling penting mbokmenawa yaiku Sejarah Melayu utawa [[Sulalatus Salatin]] sing misuwur. Iki diarani "karya sastra Melayu sing paling misuwur, khas, lan paling apik" dening salah sawijining sarjana paling misuwur ing babagan studi Melayu, Sir Richard O. Winstedt.{{sfn|Boyd|1999|p=756}} Tanggal pasti karangan lan identitas pangripta asline ora mesthi, nanging miturut prentahe Sultan Alauddin Riaayat Shah III saka Johor ing taun 1612, Tun Sri Lanang ngawasi proses editorial lan kompilasi Sejarah Melayu.{{sfn|Jaaffar|Hussain|Ahmad|1992|p=260}} Ing abad kaping 19, sastra Melayu nampa sawetara tambahan penting, kalebu ''Kitab Ilmu Bedil'' (Buku Senjata Tradisional) sing nyedhiyakake rincian penting babagan amunisi lan persenjataan tradhisional Melayu. Jaman kasebut uga nyakseni panggunaan jurnal medis Melayu sing luwih akeh, sing dikenal minangka ''Kitab Tib''. Karya-karya iki pancen penting amarga dadi referensi kanggo kawruh lan teknologi Melayu nalika jaman klasik.<ref>{{cite web |title=Kitab Ilmu Bedil – Book of Malay Traditional Weaponry (2016) |date=10 Juli 2016 |website=The Memory of the World Committee for Asia and the Pacific |url=http://www.mowcapunesco.org/register/kitab-ilmu-bedil-ms-101-or-book-of-malay-traditional-weaponry-2016/ |access-date=21 Oktober 2026 |archive-date=3 Dhésèmber 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203224429/http://www.mowcapunesco.org/register/kitab-ilmu-bedil-ms-101-or-book-of-malay-traditional-weaponry-2016/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Naskah-naskah Melayu abad kaping 19 liyane ditulis ing Sumatra, kalebu ''Kitab Pengetahuan Bahasa'' (Buku Kawruh Linguistik) dening Raja Ali Haji lan ''Perhimpunan Gunawan bagi Laki-Laki dan Perempuan'' (Kompendium Jimat kanggo Pria lan Wanita) dening Khatijah Terung, garwane Raja Haji Abdullah bin Raja Hassan.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Musa |first=Mohd Faizal |date=2021 |title=Transcripts of Gender, Intimacy, and Islam in Southeast Asia: The "Outrageous" Texts of Raja Ali Haji and Khatijah Terung |journal=Religions |language=en |volume=12 |issue=3 |page=219 |doi=10.3390/rel12030219 |issn=2077-1444|doi-access=free }}</ref> Ing abad sing padha uga ana owah-owahan monumental ing sastra Melayu liwat tulisan-tulisané [[Abdullah bin Abdulkadir Munsyi|Abdullah bin Abdul Kadir]], sawijining munshi [[Singapura]] sing misuwur lair ing [[Melaka|Malaka]].<ref name="popular science 1899" /> Abdullah dianggep minangka wong Melayu paling berbudaya sing tau nulis,<ref name="popular science 1899" /> salah sawijining inovator paling gedhe ing sastra Melayu<ref name="Sneddon 2003 59"/> lan bapak sastra Melayu modern.<ref name="Marshall Cavendish 2007 1218"/> Karya-karyanipun ingkang paling wigati inggih punika ''[[Hikayat Abdullah]]'' (otobiografi), ''Kisah Pelayaran Abdullah ke Kelantan'' (crita babagan lelampahane kanggo pamrentah menyang [[Kelantan]]), lan ''Kisah Pelayaran Abdullah ke Mekah'' (crita babagan [[kaji|ziarah]] menyang [[Mekah]] taun 1854). Karya-karyané dadi inspirasi kanggo generasi penulis ing mangsa ngarep lan nandhani tahap awal transisi saka sastra Melayu klasik menyang sastra Melayu modern.<ref name="Sneddon 2003 59"/> === Seni pertunjukan === [[Barkas:Joget Gamelan 1937.jpg|thumb|Pagelaran Joget Gamelan, 1937]] Wong Melayu duwé maneka warna musik lan tari sing minangka gabungan saka macem-macem pengaruh budaya. Genre-genre sing khas wiwit saka tari rakyat Melayu tradhisional kaya ta Mak Yong nganti tari Zapin sing dipengaruhi Arab. Gerakan koreografi uga maneka warna, saka langkah lan melodi sing prasaja ing Dikir barat nganti gerakan sing rumit ing Joget Gamelan. Musik tradhisional Melayu umumé musik perkusi. Maneka warna [[gong]] nyedhiyakake irama kanggo akeh tarian. Ana uga [[drum]] kanthi maneka warna ukuran, wiwit saka ''rebana ubi'' gedhe sing digunakake kanggo nandhani acara penting nganti ''rebana cilik'' (kendhang pigura) sing digunakake minangka iringan kanggo pengajian vokal ing upacara keagamaan.{{sfn|Moore|1998|p=48}} [[Barkas:KITLV - 3676 - Lambert & Co., G.R. - Singapore - Mahjong dance and drama at Penang Island - circa 1903.tif|thumb|left|Sakumpulan penari Melayu Siam sing nampilake Mak Yong (kira-kira abad kaping 19). Ing taun 2005, iki diakoni minangka salah sawijining karya agung warisan lisan lan ora nyata manungsa dening [[UNESCO]].]] Musik nobat dadi bagéan saka Regalia Kraton Melayu wiwit tekané Islam ing abad kaping 12 lan mung ditampilaké ing upacara-upacara penting kraton. Orkestrane kalebu instrumen suci lan dihormati banget yaiku ''nehara'' ([[kendang]]), ''gendang'' (kendang sirah loro), ''nafiri'' (trompet), ''[[serunai]]'' (oboe), lan kadhangkala gong kenop lan sepasang simbal.{{sfn|Marshall Cavendish|2007|p=1220}} Pengaruh India kuwat banget ing drama bayangan tradisional sing dikenal minangka [[wayang kulit|Wayang Kulit]], ing ngendi crita-crita saka epik [[Hindhu]]; [[Ramayana]] & [[Mahabharata]] dadi repertoar utama. Ana papat jinis teater wayang sing khas sing bisa ditemokake ing Semenanjung Malaya; ''Wayang Gedek'', ''Wayang Purwa'', ''Wayang Melayu'' lan ''Wayang Siam''.{{sfn|Srinivasa|2003|p=296}}{{sfn|Ghulam Sarwar Yousof|1997|p=3}}{{sfn|Matusky|1993|pp=8–11}} Sanajan mangkono, seni lan crita ''Wayang Purwa'' lan ''Wayang Siam'' nuduhake pengaruh regional sing nyawiji karo wong Jawa lan Siam, dene ''Wayang Melayu'' lan ''Wayang Gedek'' nyritakake bentuk lan busana Melayu sing luwih asli. Seni pertunjukan Melayu liyane sing kondhang yaiku; Teater ''[[Bangsawan]]'', ''Dondang Sayang'' seneng balada lan tari ''Mak Inang'' saka Kasultanan Malaka, ''Jikey'' lan ''Mek Mulung'' saka [[Kedah]], tari ''Asyik'' lan drama tari ''Menora'' saka Patani lan [[Kelantan]], Tari ''Ulek mayang'' lan ''Rodat'' saka [[Trengganu]], Teater ''Boria'' saka [[pulo Pinang|Penang]], Tari ''Canggung'' saka Perlis, Lagu-lagu narasi ''Mukun'' saka [[Brunéi Darussalam]] lan [[Sarawak]],{{sfn|Marzuki bin Haji Mohd Seruddin|2009}}<ref name="Ahmad Salehuddin 2009">{{harvnb|Ahmad Salehuddin|2009}}</ref> lan [[Gending Sriwijaya]] saka [[Kutha Palémbang|Palémbang]], lan ''Serampang Dua Belas'' saka Serdang.<ref name="Ahmad Salehuddin 2009"/> Zapin Api firedance saka [[Riau]] lan Dikir barat Singapura saka [[Singapura]]. === Seni rupa === [[Barkas:Burung Petala Indera I.png|thumb|Burung Petala Indra, manuk mitos raksasa sing digawe kanggo parade [[tetak|sunat]] agung pangeran [[Kelantan]].]] Seni ukir kayu minangka bagéyan saka [[seni rupa]] Melayu klasik. Wong Melayu sacara tradhisional nghias monumen, prau, senjata, makam, alat musik, lan piranti-piranti kuna kanthi motif flora, kaligrafi, geometri, lan fitur kosmik. Seni iki ditindakake kanthi mbusak sebagian kayu nganggo piranti sing landhep lan ngetutake pola, komposisi, lan urutan tartamtu. Bentuk seni iki, sing dikenal minangka ''ukir'', dianggep minangka tumindak pengabdian para pengrajin marang sing nitahake lan hadiah kanggo sesamane.{{sfn|Said|2005}} Bentuk seni iki utamane disebabake dening akehe kayu ing Kepulauan Melayu lan uga dening katrampilan para pengukir kayu sing ngidini wong Melayu praktik ngukir kayu minangka kerajinan. Latar tropis alami ing ngendi flora lan fauna akeh wis menehi inspirasi kanggo motif kanggo digambarake kanthi bentuk abstrak utawa bergaya ing papan kayu. Kanthi rawuhe Islam, bentuk geometris lan kaligrafi Islam dikenalake ing ukiran kayu. Kayu sing digunakake biasane saka spesies kayu atos tropis sing dikenal awet lan bisa tahan serangan jamur, kumbang sepatu bot listrik, lan rayap.{{sfn|Said|2002}} Omah-omah tradhisional Melayu utawa masjid biasane dihiasi nganggo luwih saka 20 ukiran. Ukiran ing tembok lan panel ngidini angin sirkulasi kanthi efektif mlebu lan metu saka bangunan lan bisa ngidini sinar srengenge madhangi njero struktur kasebut. Ing wektu sing padha, bayangan sing digawe dening panel uga bakal nggawe bayangan adhedhasar motif sing nambah kaendahan ing lantai. Dadi, komponen sing diukir nduweni fungsi fungsional lan estetika. === Grabah === [[Barkas:Sayong.jpg|thumb|''Labu Sayong'' warna ebony, kendi Melayu klasik saka Kuala Kangsar, Perak, Malaysia]] Ing budaya Melayu, [[grabah]] ora mung dideleng minangka piranti rumah tangga. Iki dianggep minangka karya [[kagunan]], paradigma bakat, disulam karo estetika, warisan, ketekunan lan pengabdian agama. Tanah liat Melayu biasane ora diglasir, kanthi desain hias diukir nalika gerabah setengah garing sajrone proses konstruksi.<ref name="Travel Malaysia 2012">{{cite web |title= Malaysian Handicraft – Pottery |website= Go2Travelmalaysia.com |url= http://go2travelmalaysia.com/tour_malaysia/pottery.htm |access-date= 22 Oktober 2026 |archive-date= 21 Novèmber 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20171121031048/http://go2travelmalaysia.com/tour_malaysia/pottery.htm |url-status= live }}</ref> Miturut sawetara panliten,<ref name="Azmi Arifin 2015">{{harvnb|Azmi Arifin|2015}}</ref> industri keramik Melayu asli wis berkembang sacara pribumi wiwit jaman kuna lan wiwit saiki wis nggambarake kecanggihan budaya tingkat tinggi. Uga wis dicathet yen fitur desain gerabah Melayu nuduhake ora anane [[globalisasi|pengaruh manca]] sadurunge abad kaping 19, sawijining paradoks amarga anane kontak budaya sing jembar antarane wong Melayu lan jagad njaba.<ref name="Azmi Arifin 2015"/> Ing antarane keramik tradhisional Melayu sing misuwur kalebu ''Mambong'' saka [[Kelantan]], sing digawe saka lempung lan diidentifikasi nganggo warna terakota. Biasane dianggep minangka piranti masak. Ing pesisir kulon, ''Labu Sayong'' warna ireng saka Kuala Kangsar diajeni amarga toples sing digawe saka waluh. Ana uga sawetara varian saka ''Labu'', kalebu ''Labu Tela'', ''Labu Kepala'', ''Labu Gelugor Tela'' lan ''Labu Gelugor Kepala''.<ref name="Travel Malaysia 2012"/> Wangun liya saka gerabah tradhisional Melayu yaiku: ''Belanga'', umume duwe pinggiran sing amba lan dhasar sing bunder, panci kasebut biasane digerakake kanggo masak [[kari]]. Dipercaya manawa struktur lemah bakal mbantu panas disebarake kanthi rata, sing ana gandhengane karo dhasare sing bunder. Versi ''Belanga'' sing luwih cilik diarani ''periok'', digunakake kanggo nyiyapake [[wos|beras]]; ''Buyong'', sing umume ditegesi kanthi krah lurus lan awak bunder, asring digunakake minangka kendi banyu; ''Terenang'', ''Terenang'' sing sudut digunakake minangka tabung, utamane ing wilayah pesisir Melayu [[Kelantan]], Patani lan [[Terengganu]]; ''Bekas Bara'', wadhah cilik, biasane digawe kanggo nggunakake dupa; ''Jambangan'', vas tradhisional Melayu, biasane kanggo tujuan estetika lan ''Geluk'', papan panyimpenan banyu cilik.{{sfn|Cikgu Paklong|2017}} === Sandhangan tradhisional === [[Barkas:Busana Melayu.jpg|thumb|Wong lanang Melayu ing ''busana Melayu'', gaya tradhisional busana Melayu]] Sandhangan lan tekstil tradhisional Melayu wis terus owah wiwit jaman kuna. Sacara historis, wong Melayu kuna dicathet nggabungake maneka warna bahan alami minangka sumber penting kanggo kain, sandhangan, lan sandhangan. Nanging ing jaman biyen, nalika para pedagang awal teka saka wetan lan kulon menyang pelabuhan Kepulauan Melayu, padha bebarengan tuku barang-barang mewah anyar, kalebu katun lan sutra sing apik. Sandhangan kasebut banjur dadi sumber mode Melayu sing dhuwur lan nduweni peran budaya minangka identitas sing ngiket ing Nusantara, utamane ing semenanjung, Sumatra lan wilayah pesisir Kalimantan.{{sfn|Hassan|2016}} Ing budaya Melayu, sandhangan lan tekstil dianggep minangka simbol kaendahan, kekuasaan, lan status. Akeh cathetan ing hikayat Melayu nandheske papan khusus sing dikuwasani tekstil.{{sfn|Maznah Mohammad|1996|p=2}} Industri tenun tangan Melayu bisa dilacak asal-usule wiwit abad kaping 13 nalika jalur perdagangan wétan berkembang ing jaman Dinasti Song. Sebutan babagan tekstil gawean lokal uga dominasi tenunan ing [[Jasirah Malaka]] digawe ing macem-macem cathetan Tiongkok lan Arab.{{sfn|Maznah Mohammad|1996|p=19}} Antarane tekstil Melayu sing kondhang yaiku [[Songkèt]], [[Bathik]], ''Telepok'', ''Limar'', ''Tenun'', ''Kelingkam'', ''Cindai'', ''Pelangi'' lan ''Tekad''. Sandhangan Melayu klasik maneka warna ing saben wilayah, nanging sandhangan tradisional sing paling jero ing jaman saiki yaiku Baju Kurung (kanggo wanita) lan Baju Melayu (kanggo pria), sing loro-lorone diakoni minangka sandhangan nasional kanggo [[Malaysia]] lan [[Brunéi Darussalam]], lan uga dienggo dening komunitas Melayu ing [[Indhonésia]], [[Singapura]], [[Filipina]], [[Myanmar]] lan [[Thai]]land. [[Barkas:HariRayaMalaykids.jpg|thumb|left|Bocah-bocah Melayu nganggo klambi adat nalika [[Idul Fitri]]]] Tembung ''Baju Kurung'', sing sacara sastra ditegesi minangka "mbunteli awak" sing nganggo, dirancang adhedhasar prinsip-prinsip Islam babagan kesopanan, wicaksana, lan andhap asor. Praktek iki padha karo doktrin agama Yahudi-Kristen, amarga memamerkan bagian awak sing intim dianggep dilarang ing Islam. Interpretasi kasebut banjur diserap menyang cara berpakaian lan perspektif budaya Melayu, iki bisa dideleng kanthi cetha nalika pamrentahan Mansur Shah saka Malaka ing abad kaping 15, sultan nglarang rakyat Muslim wanita ing ngarep umum supaya ora mung nganggo sarung saka dhadha mudhun. Sajrone jaman biyen, Baju Kurung Melayu ngalami sawetara reinkarnasi sadurunge njupuk wujud kaya saiki. Amarga jembare maneka warna karajan Melayu ing Nuswantara, pola desain Baju Kurung uga bisa dideleng ing wilayah kasebut, kalebu [[Bengkulu]], [[Kedah]], [[Jambi]], Johor-Riau, Pahang lan [[Kutha Palémbang|Palémbang]].{{sfn|Hassan|2016}} Mode Baju Kurung sing cocog kanggo wong lanang diarani "Baju Melayu". Bagean ndhuwur sandhangan digawe kanthi desain geometris sing meh padha karo Baju Kurung lan umume dipasangake karo kain tenun sing dikenal minangka sarung. Pola sarung bisa uga kalebu simbol status perkawinan wong kasebut utawa pangkate ing masyarakat Melayu tradhisional.{{sfn|Hassan|2016}} Sandhangan Melayu klasik umum liyané kanggo wong lanang kalebu ''baju'' (klambi) utawa ''tekua'' (jinis klambi lengen dawa), ''baju rompi'' (rompi), ''kancing'', ''celana'' sikil cilik ([[clana]]), [[sarung]] sing dienggo ing pinggul, ''capal'' (sandal), lan ''tanjak'' utawa ''tengkolok'' (tutup sirah); kanggo para bangsawan, ''baju sikap'' utawa ''baju layang'' (jinis jas) lan ''pending'' (gesper sabuk hias) uga sinonim kanggo dienggo minangka sandhangan resmi. Uga lumrah yen ''Pendekar'' (prajurit Melayu) nduweni [[keris]] sing diselipake ing lipatan ngarep sarung. Beda karo Baju Melayu sing isih dienggo mung minangka sandhangan upacara, Baju Kurung dienggo saben dina sajrone setaun dening mayoritas wanita Melayu. Katon pegawai negeri sipil wanita, pekerja profesional, lan mahasiswa nganggo Baju Kurung iku lumrah ing [[Malaysia]] lan [[Brunéi Darussalam]]. ===Seni bela diri=== [[Barkas:Singaporean female pesilat - 20080222.jpg|thumb|Praktisi silat wanita saka [[Singapura]]]] Silat lan varian-variané bisa ditemokaké ing saindenging [[donya Melayu]]: Semenanjung Malaya (kalebu [[Singapura]]), [[Kapuloan Riau]], [[Sumatra]] lan wilayah pesisir [[Kalimantan]]. Bukti arkeologi nuduhake yen, ing abad kaping 6, seni tempur formal wis dipraktekke ing Semenanjung Melayu lan Sumatra.{{sfn|James|1994|p=73}} Wangun Silat paling awal diyakini wis dikembangake lan digunakake ing angkatan bersenjata kerajaan Melayu kuna Langkasuka (abad kaping 2){{sfn|Alexander|2006|p=225}}{{sfn|Abd. Rahman Ismail|2008|p=188}} lan [[praja Sriwijaya|Sriwijaya]] (abad kaping 7). Pengaruh kesultanan Melayu Malaka, Johor, Pattani, lan Brunéi wis nyumbang marang panyebaran seni bela diri iki ing Kapuloan Melayu. Liwat labirin saluran segara lan kapiler kali sing rumit sing nggampangake ijol-ijolan lan perdagangan ing saindenging wilayah kasebut, Silat mlaku menyang alas udan sing padhet lan munggah menyang pegunungan. [[Laksamana]] Hang Tuah saka Malaka sing legendaris iku salah siji ''pesilat'' paling misuwur ing sejarah{{sfn|Green|2001|p=802}} lan malah dianggep dening sawetara wong minangka bapak silat Melayu.{{sfn|Sheikh Shamsuddin|2005|p=195}} Wiwit jaman klasik, Silat Melayu ngalami diversifikasi sing gedhe lan mbentuk apa sing saiki diakoni sacara tradhisional minangka sumber [[pencak silat|Pencak Silat]] Indhonésia lan bentuk Silat liyane ing [[Asia Kidul-wétan]].{{sfn|Draeger|1992|p=23}}{{sfn|Farrer|2009|p=28}} Saliyané Silat, Tomoi uga dipraktekké déning wong Melayu, mliginé ing wilayah lor [[Jasirah Malaka]]. Iki minangka varian saka bentuk kickboxing Indo-Cina sing diyakini wis nyebar ing daratan Asia Kidul-wétan wiwit jaman Kekaisaran Funan (68 Masehi). === Pakaryan logam === [[Barkas:Bunga Mas (Muzium Negara).jpg|thumb|[[Bunga mas|Bunga Mas]], Museum Nasional Malaysia. ''Bunga Mas'' ditawakake negara-negara Melayu sisih lor, [[Trengganu]], [[Kelantan]], [[Kedah]], Pattani, Nong Chik, Yala, Rangae, Kubang Pasu lan Setul marang [[Krajan Ayutthaya|Raja Ayutthaya]] ([[Thai|Siam]]) minangka pralambang kasetyan.]] Ing awal abad kaping 17, emas, perak, [[wesi]], lan kuningan wis dibentuk kanthi sampurna dadi bagean saka masyarakat Melayu. Jaman kasebut nyakseni karya-karya logam nampa perlindungan kerajaan sing kritis. Akeh pakaryan logam Melayu sing dadi bukti jaman iki, wiwit saka [[keris]] Melayu aneh sing dikenal minangka Keris sing digawe saka wesi, nganti perhiasan mewah sing digawe saka emas lan perak. Kanggo para bangsawan Melayu sajrone periode iki, karya-karya pending (gesper sabuk hias sing dihias nganggo [[watu permata|watu mulia]]), ''keronsang'' (bros) lan ''cucuk sanggul'' (jepit rambut) dipentasake dadi salah sawijining barang busana sing paling digoleki. Jaman kasebut uga dadi papan kanggo nyimpen sawetara barang penting liyane ing sandhangan Melayu sing digawe saka emas, kalebu kothak upacara, ''Tepak sirih'' (wadhah sirih) lan bagean-bagean keris. Seni ngolah emas umume ditindakake kanthi teknik repoussé lan granulasi, sing isih bisa dideleng nganti saiki. Ing jaman saiki, perhiasan emas Melayu utamane ditemokake ing wujud gelang kaki, gelang, ali-ali, kalung, liontin, lan anting-anting.<ref name="Malaysia Handicrafts ~ Gold Silver & Brass 2011">{{cite web |title= Malaysia Handicrafts ~ Gold Silver & Brass |website= Go2Travelmalaysia.com |url= http://go2travelmalaysia.com/tour_malaysia/gold_silv.htm |access-date= 23 Oktober 2026 |archive-date= 19 Mèi 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180519135144/http://go2travelmalaysia.com/tour_malaysia/gold_silv.htm |url-status= live }}</ref><ref name="Karyaneka 2013">{{cite web |last=Karyaneka |title=Metal Work |publisher=Syarikat Pemasaran Karyaneka Sdn. Bhd. |url= http://www.karyaneka.com.my/english/tablet/metal-work.html |access-date=23 Oktober 2026 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180324135832/http://www.karyaneka.com.my/english/tablet/metal-work.html |archive-date=24 Maret 2018 }}</ref> Kanggo piranti perak Melayu, karya perak cukup misuwur amarga desain sing canggih lan apik. Biasane digawe nganggo teknik repousse, filigree, lan niello. Barang-barang tradhisional Melayu sing umum digawe saka perak kalebu ujung bantal, gesper sabuk, pojok montok, sumbat wadhah banyu, sarung keris lan kothak rokok. ''Awan Larat'' (pola mega) lan ''Kerawang'' (motif nabati) kalebu desain populer kanggo pucuk bantal perak lan kothak rokok hias Melayu.<ref name="Malaysia Handicrafts ~ Gold Silver & Brass 2011"/> Panggunaan barang kuningan ngluwihi akeh kelas sosial Melayu klasik, digunakake dening para bangsawan lan rakyat jelata. Popularitas barang kuningan akeh dipengaruhi amarga daya tahan, kualitas, lan regane terjangkau kanggo kabeh wong. Piranti kuningan bisa dipérang dadi rong warna, kuningan kanggo barang-barang fungsional lan putih kanggo tujuan dekorasi. Asring digawe kanthi teliti lan dihias nganggo maneka warna desain dekorasi kanthi motif [[seni rupa Islam|agama]] lan kembang. Nanging, panggunaan kuningan paling dikenal kanggo Tepak Sireh, wadhah upacara kanggo sirih lan kanggo nggawe instrumen musik tartamtu kayata [[Gong]] kanggo orkestra [[Gamelan]] Melayu klasik. Saliyané iku, barang-barang tradhisional Melayu liyané sing digawe saka logam kalebu vas kembang, taburan parfum, nampan saji, panci masak, ceret, lan dupa.<ref name="Malaysia Handicrafts ~ Gold Silver & Brass 2011"/><ref name="Karyaneka 2013"/> ===Dolanan tradhisional=== [[Barkas:Finished wau and wau frame.JPG|thumb|right|Bengkel tukang Wau ing [[Kelantan]], [[Malaysia]]. Layangan jinis aneh iki bisa ditemokake ing pesisir lor-wetan Semenanjung Melayu.]] Dolanan Melayu tradhisional lumrahé mbutuhaké katrampilan kerajinan lan ketangkasan manual lan bisa dilacak asal-usulé wiwit jaman Kesultanan Malaka. ''Sepak Raga'' lan [[layangan]] kalebu dolanan tradhisional sing kasebut ing [[Sulalatus Salatin|Sejarah Melayu]] sing dimainake dening para bangsawan lan kraton kesultanan Melayu.{{sfn|Leyden|1821|p=261}}{{sfn|Lockard|2009|p=48}}{{sfn|Ooi|2004|p=1357}} ''Sepak Raga'' minangka salah sawijining dolanan Melayu sing paling populer lan wis dimainake nganti pirang-pirang abad. Sacara tradhisional, Sepak raga dimainake kanthi muter-muter kanthi nendhang lan njaga bal rotan supaya tetep munggah nggunakake bagean awak apa wae kajaba lengen lan tangan. Saiki diakoni minangka olahraga{{sfn|Ziegler|1972|p=41}}{{sfn|McNair|2002|p=104}} nasional Malaysia lan dimainake ing acara olahraga internasional kayata [[Pèsta Ulahraga Asia|Asian Games]] lan [[Pista Ulah raga Asia Kidul Wétan|Southeast Asian Games]]. Dolanan populer liyané yaiku [[gangsingan|''Gasing'' muter]] sing biasané dimainaké sawisé mangsa panèn. Dibutuhake katrampilan sing apik kanggo ngasilake ''Gasing'' (ndhuwur) sing paling kompetitif, sawetara bisa diputer nganti rong jam saben wektu.<ref name="Alexander 2006 51">{{harvnb|Alexander|2006|p=51}}</ref> Mungkin dolanan Melayu sing paling populer yaiku ''Wau'' (jinis layangan unik saka pesisir wétan Semenanjung Malaya) utawa mabur layangan. Kompetisi mabur wau dianakake karo juri sing menehi poin kanggo keahliane (''Wau'' iku obyek sing ayu lan warni-warni sing dipasang ing pigura pring), swara (kabeh layangan Melayu dirancang kanggo nggawe swara tartamtu nalika diombang-ambingake ing angin) lan ketinggian.<ref name="Alexander 2006 51"/> Wong Melayu uga duwe varian dolanan papan [[Mancala]] sing dikenal minangka [[Dhakon|Congkak]]. Dolanan iki dimainake kanthi ngobahake watu, kelereng, manik-manik utawa cangkang ing sakubenge papan kayu sing kasusun saka rolas bolongan utawa luwih. Mancala diakoni minangka dolanan paling tuwa ing donya lan bisa dilacak asal-usule wiwit [[Mesir Kuna]]. Nalika dolanan iki nyebar ing saindenging jagad, saben budaya wis nemokake variasi dhewe-dhewe kalebu wong Melayu.{{sfn|Alexander|2006|p=52}} ==Sub-ètnis== {{Uga deleng|Wong Melayu Malaysia|Wong Melayu Indhonésia|Wong Melayu Brunéi|Wong Melayu Singapura}} [[Barkas:Indonesia Ethnic Groups Map - EN.svg|thumb|center|upright=3.0|Kratoning wong Melayu digambarake kanthi warna ijo lan klompok sub-ètnis liyane sing ana gandhengane digambarake kanthi warna ijo sing luwih peteng utawa luwih enom.]] Senajan mung 3,4% saka total populasi, etnis Melayu minangka salah sawijining etnis sing paling akeh nyebar ing Indonesia. Kaya sing dituduhake ing peta, ing njaba [[pratélan pulo ing Indonésia|Kapuloan Indhonésia]], wong Melayu manggon ing [[Jasirah Malaka|Semenanjung Malaya]], mbentuk golongan ètnik dominan ing Semenanjung Malaysia lan minoritas sing signifikan ing [[Singapura]], [[Thai]] lan [[Myanmar]] kidul. Koridor wilayah Melayu Kalimantan diwiwiti saka sisih lor saka [[Sabah]] kidul-kulon, terus karo negara [[Brunéi Darussalam]], pesisir [[Sarawak]] lan terus mudhun menyang [[Kalimantan (Wewengkon Indhonésiya)|Kalimantan]].{{lower |0.4em|{{sfn|Yunos|Begawan|2011}}}} {| class="wikitable" |- ! style="text-align: center; background: #aacccc;"|Golongan ètnik ! style="text-align: center; background: #aacccc;"|Wilayah sejarah ! style="text-align: center; background: #aacccc;"|Wilayah kanthi populasi sing signifikan |- valign="top" | Wong Melayu Bangka lan Belitung | | * {{flagicon image|Flag of Bangka-Belitung.svg}} [[Kapuloan Bangka-Belitung]] |- valign="top" | Wong Melayu Bangkok{{sfn|Umaiyah Haji Omar|2003}}{{sfn|Umaiyah Haji Omar|2007}} | | * {{flagicon image|Seal Bangkok.png}} Min Buri, Nong Chok<br />{{flagicon image|Seal Pathum Thani.png}} Lam Luk Ka, Mueang Pathum<br />{{flagicon image|Seal Ayutthaya.png}} Provinsi Ayutthaya |- valign="top" | Wong Melayu Bengkulu | | * {{flag|Bengkulu}} |- valign="top" | Wong Melayu Berau | * Kasultanan Berau (1377–1830) * Kasultanan Gunung Tabur (1810–1945) * Kasultanan Sambaliung (1810–1945) | * {{flagicon image|Coat of arms of Berau Regency.svg}} [[Kabupatèn Berau]] |- valign="top" | Wong Bugis-Melayu<ref name="Karim">{{harvnb|Gulrose Karim|1990|p=74}}</ref><ref name="Joseph">{{harvnb|Joseph|Najmabadi|2006|p=436}}</ref>(kelompok Melayu keturunan [[wong Bugis|Bugis]] sing diasimilasi) | * Krajan Mempawah (1740–1950)<ref>{{cite web |url= http://melayuonline.com/eng/history/dig/422/mempawah-sultanate |title=Mempawah Sultanate |website=Melaju Online |access-date=23 Oktober 2026 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160408190433/http://melayuonline.com/eng/history/dig/422/mempawah-sultanate |archive-date=8 April 2016 }}</ref> * Kasultanan Selangor (1745–saiki) * Kasultanan Riau-Lingga (1824–1911) | * {{Flag|Riau}},<br /> {{flagicon image|Flag of Riau Islands.svg}} [[Kapuloan Riau]] * {{flagicon image|Flag of Selangor.svg}} [[Selangor]],<br>{{flagicon image|Flag of Johor.svg}} [[Johor]],<br>{{flagicon image|Flag of Pahang.svg}} Pahang * {{flag|Singapura}} |- valign="top" | Wong Melayu Burma | | * {{flagicon image|Flag of Tanintharyi Region (1974–2010).svg}} Divisi Tanintharyi |- valign="top" | [[Wong Melayu Brunéi]]{{sfn|IBP|2007|pp=151–152}}<ref name="Colling">{{harvnb|Colling|1973|p=6804}}</ref><ref name="Aris">{{harvnb|Othman|1983|pp=1–26}}</ref><ref name="Husain">{{harvnb|Husain|2007|pp=16, 33, 34}}</ref> | * Kakaisaran Brunéi (abad kaping 7–15) * Kasultanan Brunéi (1363–saiki) | * {{flag|Brunéi Darussalam}} * {{flagicon image|Flag of Labuan.svg}} Labuan,<br>{{flagicon image|Flag of Sarawak.svg}} [[Sarawak]],<br>{{flag|Sabah}} |- valign="top" | Wong Melayu Cocos | | * {{flag|Pulo Natal}},<br>{{flag|Kapuloan Cocos (Keeling)}} * {{flag|Sabah}} |- valign="top" | Wong Melayu Jambi | * Karajan Jambi (abad kaping 7) * Dharmasraya (1183–1347) * Kasultanan Jambi (1460–1907) | * {{flag|Jambi}} |- valign="top" | Wong Jawa-Melayu<ref name="Karim" /><ref name="Joseph" /><br />(kelompok Melayu keturunan [[wong Jawa|Jawa]] sing diasimilasi) | * [[Kutha Palémbang|Kasultanan Palémbang]] (1550–1823) | * {{flag|Sumatra Kidul}},<br /> {{flag|Sumatra Lor}} * {{flagicon image|Flag of Selangor.svg}} [[Selangor]],<br>{{flagicon image|Flag of Pahang.svg}} Pahang,<br>{{flagicon image|Flag of Johor.svg}} [[Johor]] * {{flag|Singapura}} |- valign="top" | Wong Melayu Johor<ref name="Colling" /><ref name="Aris" /><ref name="Husain" /> | * Kasultanan Johor (1528–saiki) * Kasultanan Muar (1855–1877) | * {{flagicon image|Flag of Johor.svg}} [[Johor]] |- valign="top" | Wong Melayu Kedah<ref name="Colling" /><ref name="Aris" /><ref name="Husain" />{{sfn|Majlis Kebudayaan Negeri Kedah|1986|pp=19–69}} | * [[Peradaban]] [[Lembah Bujang]] (abad kaping 1) * Langkasuka (abad kaping 2–14) * Kerajaan Kedah (Kedah Tua) (abad kaping 7–12) * Kasultanan Kedah (1136–saiki) * Karajan Setul (1808–1916){{sfn|Halimi|Pitchai|2016}} * Kerajaan Kubang Pasu (1839–1864) * Karajan Perlis (1842–saiki) | * {{flagicon image|Flag of Kedah.svg}} [[Kedah]],<br>{{flagicon image|Flag of Perlis.svg}} Perlis,<br>{{flagicon image|Flag of Penang (Malaysia).svg}} [[Pulo Pinang]],<br>{{flagicon image|Flag of Perak.svg}} Perak * {{flagicon image|Seal Satun.png}} Satun,<br>{{flagicon image|Seal Trang.png}} Trang,<br>{{flagicon image|Seal Krabi.png}} Krabi |- valign="top" | Wong Melayu Kelantan<ref name="Colling" /><ref name="Aris" /><ref name="Husain" /> | * Krajan Bumi Abang (abad kaping 1–6) * Kasultanan Kelantan (1267–saiki) * Kasultanan Jembal (1638–1720) | * {{flagicon image|Flag of Kelantan.svg}} [[Kelantan]] * {{flagicon image|Flag of Narathiwat.svg}} Narathiwat * {{flagicon image|Flag of Besut, Terengganu.svg}} Besut ([[Trengganu]]) |- valign="top" | Wong Melayu Lahat | | * {{flag|Sumatra Kidul}} |- valign="top" | Wong Melayu Loloan | | * {{flagicon image|Lambang Kab Jembrana.png}} [[Kabupatèn Jembrana]] |- valign="top" | Wong Melayu Malaka<ref name="Colling" /><ref name="Aris" /><ref name="Husain" /> | * Kasultanan Malaka (1402–1511) | * {{flagicon image|Flag of Malacca.svg}} [[Melaka]] |- valign="top" | Wong Minangkabau-Melayu<ref name="Karim" /><ref name="Joseph" /><br />(''kelompok Melayu keturunan [[wong Minangkêbo|Minangkêbo]] sing diasimilasi'') | * Dharmasraya (1183–1347) * Kasultanan Siak (1725–1949) * Panguwasa Negeri Sembilan (1773–saiki) | * {{flag|Riau}},<br /> {{flagicon image|Flag of Riau Islands.svg}} [[Kapuloan Riau]] * {{flagicon image|Flag of Negeri Sembilan.svg}} [[Negeri Sembilan]],<br>{{flagicon image|Flag of Selangor.svg}} [[Selangor]],<br>{{flagicon image|Flag of Johor.svg}} [[Johor]],<br />{{flagicon image|Flag of Pahang.svg}} Pahang * {{flag|Singapura}} |- valign="top" | Wong Melayu Sumatra Lor-Wétan | * Kasultanan Asahan (1630–1946) * Kasultanan Bilah (1630–1946) * Kasultanan Deli (1632–1946) * Kasultanan Langkat (1568–1946) * Kasultanan Serdang (1728–1946) | * {{flag|Sumatra Lor}} |- valign="top" | Wong Melayu Pahang<ref name="Colling" /><ref name="Aris" /><ref name="Husain" /> | * Karajan Pahang Kuna (abad kaping 5–1454) * Kasultanan Pahang Kuna (1470–1623) * Karajan Pahang Modern (1770–1881) * Kasultanan Pahang Modern (1881–saiki) | * {{flagicon image|Flag of Pahang.svg}} Pahang |- valign="top" | Wong Melayu Palémbang<ref name="Konstruksi Hukum Adat Pernikahan Masyarakat Melayu Palembang Berdasarkan Syar'iat Islam">{{Cite web|title=Konstruksi Hukum Adat Pernikahan Masyarakat Melayu Palembang Berdasarkan Syar'iat Islam|language= Indonesian|date=Agustus 2019|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334990443}}</ref><ref name="Tradisi Ruwahan pada Masyarakat Melayu Palembang">{{Cite web|title=Tradisi Ruwahan Masyarakat Melayu Palembang Dalam Perspektif Fenomenologis|language= id|date=Dhésèmber 2022|url=https://ejournal.uin-suska.ac.id/index.php/SosialBudaya/article/viewFile/19338/8602}}</ref><ref name="Akulturasi dalam Tradisi Kelahiran Orang Melayu Palembang">{{Cite web|title=Akulturasi dalam Tradisi Kelahiran Orang Melayu Palembang|language= id|date=Dhésèmber 2019|url=https://media.neliti.com/media/publications/506596-none-eb4c4768.pdf}}</ref><ref name="Budaya Politik Aristokrat Melayu Abad ke XVIII – XIX M : Analisis Kontekstual Manuskrip Sejarah Palembang - Dr. Komaruddin, ed al. Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Raden Fatah Palembang">{{Cite journal|title=Budaya Politik Aristokrat Melayu Abad ke XVIII – XIX M: Analisis Kontekstual Manuskrip Sejarah Palembang – Dr. Komaruddin, ed al. Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Raden Fatah Palembang|journal= Tamaddun: Jurnal Kebudayaan dan Sastra Islam|language= id|date=2022|volume= 18|issue= 2|pages= 69–86|doi= 10.19109/tamaddun.v18i2.2785|url=https://jurnal.radenfatah.ac.id/index.php/tamaddun/article/view/2785/1887|last1= Niswah|first1= Chirun|doi-access= free}}</ref> | * [[Praja Sriwijaya|Sriwijaya]] (abad kaping 7–13) * Kasultanan Palémbang (1550–1823) | * {{flag|Sumatra Kidul}} |- valign="top" | Wong Melayu Patani<ref name="Colling" /><ref name="Aris" /><ref name="Husain" /> | * Karajan Negara Sri Dharmaraja (abad milenium kaping 1–15) * Langkasuka (abad kaping 2–14) * Kasultanan Pattani (1516–1902) * Kasultanan Singgora (1603–1689) * Karajan Reman (1785–1902) * Karajan Legeh (1755–1902)<ref name="Anuar Nik Mahmud 1999 39">{{harvnb|Anuar Nik Mahmud|1999|p=39}}</ref> * Karajan Nong Chik (1809–1902)<ref name="Anuar Nik Mahmud 1999 39"/> * Karajan Jalur (1817–1902)<ref name="Anuar Nik Mahmud 1999 39"/> * Karajan Teluban (1817–1902)<ref name="Anuar Nik Mahmud 1999 39"/> * Karajan Jering (1817–1902)<ref name="Anuar Nik Mahmud 1999 39"/> | * {{flagicon image|Seal Pattani.png}} Pattani,<br>{{flagicon image|Seal Yala.png}} Yala,<br>{{flagicon image|Seal Narathiwat.png}} Narathiwat,<br>{{flagicon image|Seal Songkhla.png}} Songkhla,<br />{{flagicon image|Seal Phattalung.png}} Phattalung * {{flagicon image|Flag of Kedah.svg}} [[Kedah]],<br>{{flagicon image|Flag of Kelantan.svg}} [[Kelantan]],<br>{{flagicon image|Flag of Perak.svg}} Perak |- valign="top" | Wong Melayu Perak<ref name="Colling" /><ref name="Aris" /><ref name="Husain" /> | * Gangga Negara (abad kaping 2 – 11) * Kasultanan Perak (1528–saiki) | * {{flagicon image|Flag of Perak.svg}} Perak |- valign="top" | Wong Melayu Riau | * Kasultanan Kuntu Kampar (1234–1933) * Kasultanan Indragiri (1298–1945) * Kasultanan Rokan (1569–1940) * Kasultanan Pelalawan (1791–1946) * Kasultanan Riau-Lingga (1824–1911) | * {{flag|Riau}},<br>{{flagicon image|Flag of Riau Islands.svg}} [[Kapuloan Riau]],<br /> {{flagicon image|Lambang Kabupaten Pasaman.png}} [[Kabupatèn Pasaman]],<br />{{flagicon image|Lambang Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota.png}} [[Kabupatèn Lima Puluh Kota]] |- valign="top" | Wong Melayu Sarawak{{sfn|Said|2012}}{{sfn|Amanah Khairat Yayasan Melayu Sarawak|}} | * Karajan Santubong (abad kaping 7) * Karajan Samarahan (abad kaping 13) * Karajan Saribas (abad kaping 15) * Karajan Banting (abad kaping 16) * Kasultanan Sarawak (1598–1641) | * {{flagicon image|Flag of Sarawak.svg}} [[Sarawak]] |- valign="top" | Wong Melayu Selangor | * Kasultanan Selangor (1745–saiki) | * {{flagicon image|Flag of Selangor.svg}} [[Selangor]] |- valign="top" | [[Wong Melayu Singapura]] | * Karajan Singapura (1299–1398) | * {{flag|Singapura}} |- valign="top" | Wong Melayu Tamiang | * Karajan Bukit Karang (1023–1330) * Kasultanan Benua Tamiang (1330–1528) | * {{flagicon image|Lambang Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang.png}} [[Kabupatèn Acèh Tamiang]] |- valign="top" | Wong Melayu Trengganu<ref name="Colling" /><ref name="Aris" /><ref name="Husain" /> | * Kasultanan Trengganu (1708–saiki) * Karajan Besut (1780–1899) | * {{flagicon image|Flag of Terengganu.svg}} [[Trengganu]] * Kutha Kuantan (Pahang) |- valign="top" |Wong Melayu Kalimantan Kulon | * Karajan Landak (1292–1962) * Karajan Matan (1590–1948) * Kerajaan Mempawah (1740–1950) * Kasultanan Pontianak (1771–1950) * Kasultanan Sambas (1675–1944) * Karajan Sanggau (1310–1960) * Karajan Sintang (1365–1950) * Karajan Tanjungpura (880–1590) | * {{flagicon image|Flag of West Kalimantan.svg}} [[Kalimantan Kulon]] |} ==Deleng uga== * [[Donya Melayu]] * [[Omah Melayu]] ==Cathetan suku== {{Reflist}} ==Pranala njaba== * {{ms}} [http://iyco0.tripod.com/usmanawang.html Puisi Usman Awang mengenai Melayu.]{{Pranala mati|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * {{en icon}} [http://www.asiafinest.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=29765 Melayu] * {{id}} [http://209.85.175.104/search?q=cache:lYcg2r-ziWYJ:ccm.um.edu.my/umweb/fsss/images/persidangan/Kertas%2520Kerja/Pak%2520Witrianto.doc+Rumpun+Banjar&hl=id&ct=clnk&cd=139&gl=id&client=firefox-a Modal Sosial dan Pembangunan Manusia Melayu oleh Witrianto, S.S., M.Hum., M.Si dari Universitas Andalas]{{Pranala mati|date=April 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * {{id}} [http://www.indonesiamedia.com/2004/05/early/budaya/budaya-0504-bhinneka.htm Bhinneka Tunggal Ika] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100126030352/http://www.indonesiamedia.com/2004/05/early/budaya/budaya-0504-bhinneka.htm |date=26 Januari 2010 }} * {{id}} [http://melayuonline.com/article/?a=aW1QL3FMZVZBUkU4Ng%3D%3D= Gerakan Bangsa Melayu Besar] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160408223826/http://melayuonline.com/article/?a=aw1ql3fmzvzbuku4ng=== |date=8 April 2016 }} {{stub}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Melayu}} [[Kategori:Melayu|*]] [[Kategori:Suku bangsa ing Malaysia]] [[Kategori:Suku bangsa ing Indonesia]] [[Kategori:Golongan ètnik ing Indonésia]] [[Kategori:Golongan ètnik ing Malaysia]] [[Kategori:Golongan ètnik ing Singapura]] [[Kategori:Golongan ètnik ing Brunéi Darussalam]] {{Featured article}} {{Authority control}} qgqth55p32oesarmwijkduxbsmehdu2 1759802 1759736 2026-11-03T10:36:35Z ~2026-55037-88 75055 /* Sastra */ 1759802 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox ethnic group | group = <br/>Wong Melayu<br/>''Orang Melayu''<br/>أورڠ ملايو | flag = [[Barkas:Malay tricolour.svg|120px]] | flag_caption = Triwarna Melayu | image = [[Gambar:Siti Nurhaliza - KLIFF 08.jpg|66px|Siti Nurhaliza]] [[Gambar:Mahathir 2007.jpg|66px|Mahathir Mohammad]] [[Gambar:Muszaphar shukor.jpg|66px|Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor]]<br/>[[Gambar:Amir Hamzah portrait edit.jpg|66px|Amir Hamzah]] [[Gambar:Raja Ali Haji.jpg|66px|Raja Ali Haji]] [[Gambar:Hamzah Haz.jpg|66px|Hamzah Haz]]<br/>[[Gambar:Siti Nordiana interviewed by MeleTOP.jpg|66px|Siti Nordiana]] [[Gambar:Pakngah.jpg|66px|Pak Ngah]] [[Gambar:P Ramlee Dunia Film 15 May 1954 p20.jpg|66px|P. Ramlee]]<br/>[[Gambar:Ratu Irama Pop Melayu Tradisional Malaysia.jpg|66px|Noraniza Idris]] [[Gambar:Wany Hasrita at MSU 22nd Convocation Ceremony Graduands.jpg|66px|Wany Hasrita]] [[Gambar:Yuna - Bandung 2016 (cropped).jpg|66px|Yuna]] | caption = Pisanan: [[Siti Nurhaliza]] • [[Mahathir Mohammad]] • [[Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor]]<br/> Kaloro: [[Amir Hamzah]] • [[Raja Ali Haji]] • [[Hamzah Haz]]<br/> Katelu: [[Siti Nordiana]] • [[Pak Ngah]] • [[P. Ramlee]]<br/> Kapapat: [[Noraniza Idris]] • [[Wany Hasrita]] • [[Yuna]] | poptime = {{circa}} '''40.000.000 jiwane''' <!-- sum of numbers from each region below --> | region1 = <span style="font-size:105%;">'''Pedunung mayoritas'''</span> | region6 = '''{{flagicon|Malaysia}} [[Malaysia]]''' | pop6 = 20.749.378 <small>(2010 prakiraan)</small> | ref6 = {{lower|<ref>{{harvnb|Economic Planning Unit (Malaysia)|2010}}</ref>}} | region7 = '''{{flagicon|Brunei}} [[Brunéi Darussalam]]''' | pop7 = 501.902 <small>(2010 prakiraan)</small> | ref7 = {{lower|<ref name="CIA (B)>"{{harvnb|CIA World Factbook|t=Brunei|2012}}</ref>}} | region8 = <span style="font-size:105%;">'''Pedunung minoritas'''</span> | pop8 = | ref8 = | region9 = '''{{flagicon|Indonesia}} [[Indonésia]]''' | pop9 = 8.789.585 <small>(2010 prakiraan)</small> | ref9 = {{lower|<ref>{{harvnb|Badan Pusat Statistika Indonesia|2010}}</ref><ref>Figure obtained based on the percentage of Malays in 2000 census and the total Indonesian population in 2010 census</ref>}} | region10 = '''{{flagicon|Thailand}} [[Thailand]]''' | pop10 = 5.354.475 <small>(2010 prakiraan)</small> | ref10 = {{lower|<ref>{{harvnb|CIA World Factbook|t=Thailand|2012}}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|World Directory of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples|2005}}</ref>}} | region11 = '''{{flagicon|Singapura}} [[Singapura]]''' | pop11 = 1.003.449 <small>(2010 prakiraan)</small> | ref11 = {{lower|<ref>{{harvnb|CIA World Factbook|t=Singapore|2012}}</ref>}} | region12 = '''{{flagicon|Philippines}} [[Pilipina]]''' | pop12 = 2.000.000 | ref12 = | region13 = '''{{flagicon|Liga Arab}} [[Nagara-nagara Arab]]''' | pop13 = ~50.000 | ref13 = <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.utusan.com.my/rencana/agama/jejak-melayu-di-bumi-anbiya-1.437075|title=Jejak Melayu di bumi anbiya|work=Utusan Online |access-date=2 Juli 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180915002357/http://www.utusan.com.my/rencana/agama/jejak-melayu-di-bumi-anbiya-1.437075|archive-date=15 Sèptèmber 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ww1.kosmo.com.my/kosmo/content.asp?y=2017&dt=0126&pub=Kosmo&sec=Rencana_Utama&pg=ru_02.htm|title=Jabal Ajyad perkampungan komuniti Melayu di Mekah|work=Kosmo Online |access-date=2 Juli 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180915001838/http://ww1.kosmo.com.my/kosmo/content.asp?y=2017&dt=0126&pub=Kosmo&sec=Rencana_Utama&pg=ru_02.htm|archive-date=15 Sèptèmber 2018}}</ref> | region14 = '''{{flag|Ostrali}}''' | pop14 = 33.183 | ref14 = <ref>{{cite web|url=http://profile.id.com.au/australia/ancestry|title=Australia – Ancestry|website=.id community|access-date=24 Oktober 2026|archive-date=3 Januari 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103081623/https://profile.id.com.au/australia/ancestry/|url-status=live}}</ref> | region15 = '''{{flag|Karajan Manunggal}}''' | pop15 = ~33.000{{Citation needed|date=Oktober 2026}} | ref15 = | region16 = '''{{flag|Amérika Sarékat}}''' | pop16 = 29.431 | ref16 = <ref name="Access (DADS) 2010">{{cite web|title=Data Access Dissemination Systems (DADS): Results|website=United States Census Bureau|date=5 Oktober 2010|url=https://www.census.gov/|access-date=24 Oktober 2026|archive-date=27 Dhésèmber 1996|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19961227012639/https://www.census.gov/|url-status=live}}</ref> | region17 = '''{{flag|Myanmar}}''' | pop17 = 27.000{{Citation needed|date=Oktober 2026}} | ref17 = | region18 = '''{{flag|Kamboja}}''' | pop18 = 18.000{{Citation needed|date=Oktober 2026}} | ref18 = | region19 = '''{{flag|Kanadha}}''' | pop19 = 16.920 | ref19 = <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=01&Geo2=&Code2=&Data=Count&SearchText=Canada&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&TABID=1|title=Census Profile, 2016 Census|date=8 Fèbruari 2017 |publisher=Statistics Canada|access-date=24 Oktober 2026|archive-date=23 Sèptèmber 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170923095917/http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=01&Geo2=&Code2=&Data=Count&SearchText=Canada&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&TABID=1|url-status=live}}</ref> | languages = [[Basa Malayu]], [[Basa Indhonésia]], [[Basa Thai]], [[Basa Arab]], [[Basa Inggris]], lan [[Basa Tamil]] | religions = [[Islam]] | related = [[Wong Acèh|Acèh]], [[Wong Banjar|Banjar]], [[Wong Minangkêbo|Minang]], [[Wong Kerinci|Kerinci]], [[Wong Tidung|Tidung]], [[Wong Laut|Laut]], [[Wong Betawi|Betawi]] }} [[Gambar:Malay couple.jpg|thumb|300px|Pasangan Melayu nganggo sandhangan tradhisional sawisé upacara ''akad nikah''. Penganten kakung nganggo ''baju melayu'' nganggo ''songkok'' lan ''[[songkèt]]'', dene penganten putri nganggo ''baju kurung'' nganggo ''tudong''.]] [[Gambar:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Kleurenlitho getiteld Jong gehuwde Maleische vrouw TMnr 5795-34.jpg|thumb|300px|Wadon Melayu ing Kutai diidentifikasi kanthi bentuk bun sing khas (litografi dening C. F. Kelley adhedhasar gambar dening Carl Book, [[1887]])]] '''Wong Melayu''' ({{lang-ms|'''Orang Melayu'''}}; [[Aksara Jawi|Jawi]]: {{Script/Arabic|أورڠ ملايو}}) minangka klompok suku bangsa [[Austronésia]] utamané ing Semenanjung Malaya, ing saindenging [[Sumatra]], kidul [[Thailand]], pesisir kidul [[Burma]], pulo [[Singapura]], [[Borneo]] pesisir kalebu [[Brunei]], [[Kalimantan Kulon]], [[Kalimantan Wétan]] lan [[Sarawak]] lan [[Sabah]] pesisir, [[Pilipina]] sisih kulon lan sisih kidul, lan pulo-pulo cilik sing ana ing antarané lokasi kasebut — sacara koléktif dikenal minangka "Dunia Melayu". Lokasi iki saiki dadi bagéan saka negara-negara modern [[Malaysia]], [[Indhonésia]], [[Singapura]], [[Brunei]], [[Burma]], [[Thailand]], lan [[Filipina]]. Malah, akéh komunitas [[Minangkabau]], [[Mandailing]], lan [[Dayak]] sing pindhah menyang pesisir wétan [[Sumatra]] lan pesisir kulon [[Kalimantan]], ngaku wong Melayu. Saliyané ing Nusantara, wong Melayu uga ang ing [[Sri Lanka]], [[Kapuloan Cocos (Keeling)]] ''(Cocos Malays)'', lan [[Afrika Kidul]] ''(Cape Malays)''. Ana maneka warna basa, budaya, seni, lan sosial sing cukup akeh ing antarane akeh subkelompok Melayu, utamane amarga atusan taun imigrasi lan asimilasi macem-macem etnis lan suku regional ing Asia Tenggara Maritim. Sacara historis, populasi Melayu utamane keturunan saka suku [[kulawarga basa Austronésia|Austronésia]] lan [[kulawarga basa Austroasiatika|Austroasia]] sing nganggo [[basa Malayu]] sadurunge sing ngedegake sawetara negara lan kerajaan dagang maritim kuna, utamane [[Brunéi Darussalam|Brunéi]], [[Kedah]], Langkasuka, Gangga Negara, Chi Tu, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Pahang, [[Kerajaan Melayu|Melayu]], lan [[Praja Sriwijaya|Sriwijaya]].{{sfn|Milner|2010|pp=24, 33}}{{sfn|Barnard|2004|pp=7 & 60}} Tekane Kesultanan Malaka ing abad kaping 15 micu revolusi gedhe ing sejarah Melayu, sing penting banget dumunung ing warisan politik lan budaya sing jembar. Tandha-tandha definitif umum saka kemelayuan — agama Islam, basa lan tradhisi Melayu — dianggep wis diproklamasikake ing jaman iki, sing ndadékaké etnogenesis wong Melayu minangka klompok etnoreligius utama ing wilayah kasebut. Ing sastra, arsitektur, tradhisi kuliner, sandhangan tradisional, seni pertunjukan, seni bela diri, lan tradhisi kraton, Malaka netepake standar sing ditiru dening kesultanan Melayu sabanjure. Jaman keemasan kesultanan Melayu ing Semenanjung Malaya, Sumatra Wétan, lan Pesisir Kalimantan nyumurupi akèh pedunungé, mliginé saka manéka warna komunitas suku kaya ta [[Wong Batak|Batak]], [[Dayak]], Wong Asli, lan [[Wong Laut]], sing tundhuk marang Islamisasi lan Invasi Melayu. Sajrone sejarah, istilah "Melayu" wis ditambahi menyang klompok etnis liyane ing "[[Donya Melayu]]"; panggunaan iki saiki umume diwatesi ing Malaysia lan Singapura, ing ngendi keturunan liyane saka klompok etnis iki diarani Anak Dagang ("pedagang") lan umume asale saka [[Indhonésia]] kayata [[wong Acèh]], [[Wong Banjar|Banjar]], [[Wong Bugis|Bugis]], [[Wong Mandailing|Mandailing]], [[Wong Minangkêbo|Minangkêbo]] lan [[Wong Jawa|Jawa]]. == Etimologi == [[Barkas:Candi Muaro Jambi dengan langit biru.jpg|thumb|[[Kompleks Candhi Muaro Jambi]] ing [[Jambi]], sacara historis ana hubungane karo [[Kerajaan Melayu]] pra-Islam. Wong Melayu-Sriwijaya dikenal mbangun sistem bangunan sing rumit ing ibukutha, kutha-kutha gedhe, lan pusat kutha sing penting.]] [[Barkas:Bukit Seguntang Tombs.jpg|thumb|Bukit Seguntang ing [[Kutha Palémbang|Palémbang]]. Miturut ''[[Sejarah Melayu]]'', bukit iki nyathet munculé Sang Sapurba, leluhur legendaris kanggo macem-macem kulawarga kerajaan Melayu ing [[Sumatra]], [[Jasirah Malaka|Semenanjung Malaya]], lan [[Kalimantan]].]] Literatur epik ''[[Sulalatus Salatin|Sajarah Melayu]]'' nggandhengake asal-usul etimologis "Melayu" karo kali cilik sing jenenge Sungai Melayu ('kali Melayu') ing [[Sumatra]], [[Indhonésia]]. Epik kasebut salah nyebutake yen kali kasebut mili menyang [[Kali Musi]] ing [[Kutha Palémbang|Palémbang]], dene sejatine mili menyang Kali Batang Hari ing [[Jambi]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Reid |first=Anthony |date=Oktober 2001 |title=Understanding Melayu (Malay) as a Source of Diverse Modern Identities |journal=Journal of Southeast Asian Studies |volume=32 |issue=3 |pages=295–313|doi=10.1017/S0022463401000157 |pmid=19192500 }}</ref>{{rp|298}} Istilah iki dianggep asale saka tembung Melayu ''melaju'', gabungan saka awalan verbal 'me' lan tembung oyot 'laju', sing tegese "nyepetake", digunakake kanggo njlentrehake arus kali sing deres lan cepet.{{sfn|Melebek|Moain|2006|pp=9–10}} === Minangka jeneng panggonan (toponim) === Sadurungé abad kaping 15, istilah "Melayu" lan varian sing mèmper katon ditrapaké minangka toponim lawas kanggo wilayah [[Selat Malaka]] sacara umum.{{sfn|Barnard|2004|p=3}} * '''''Malaya Dwipa''''', "Malaya Dvipa", diterangake ing bab 48, Vayu Purana minangka salah sawijining provinsi ing segara wétan sing kebak emas lan perak. Sawetara sarjana nyamakake istilah iki karo [[Sumatra]],{{sfn|Deka|2007|p=57}} nanging sawetara sarjana India percaya yen istilah kasebut kudune nuduhake Semenanjung Melayu sing pagunungan, dene Sumatra luwih tepat digandhengake karo Suvarnadvipa.{{sfn|Pande|2006|p=266}}{{sfn|Gopal|2000|p=139}}{{sfn|Ahir|1995|p=612}}{{sfn|Mukerjee|1984|p=212}}{{sfn|Sarkar|1970|p=8}} * '''''Maleu-kolon''''' – lokasi ing Semenanjung Emas, saka karya [[Claudius Ptolemaeus|Ptolemy]], Geographia.{{sfn|Gerini|1974|p=101}} * '''''Mo-lo-yu''''' – kasebut déning Yijing, sawijining biksu Buddha Tionghoa saka [[Wangsa Tang|Dinasti Tang]] sing ngunjungi Asia Tenggara ing taun 688–695. Miturut Yijing, karajan ''Mo-Lo-Yu'' dumunung ing jarak 15 dina lelayaran saka Bogha (Palembang), ibukutha Sribhoga ([[Praja Sriwijaya|Sriwijaya]]). Butuh layar 15 dina kanggo tekan Ka-Cha ([[Kedah]]) saka Mo-lo-yu; mula, bisa diarani yen Mo-Lo-Yu bakal dumunung ing tengah-tengah antarane rong panggonan kasebut.{{sfn|I Ching|2005|p=xl–xli}} Ana téori populer sing nggandhèngaké ''Mo-Lo-Yu'' karo [[Kompleks Candhi Muaro Jambi|Jambi]] ing Sumatra,{{sfn|Melayu Online|2005}} nanging lokasi geografis Jambi kontradiksi karo katrangané Yi Jing babagan "layar setengah dalan antara ''Ka-Cha'' (Kedah) lan ''Bogha'' (Palembang)". Ing jaman [[Wangsa Yuan|Dinasti Yuan]] (1271–1368) lan [[Wangsa Ming|Dinasti Ming]] (1368–1644), tembung ''Ma-La-Yu'' kerep disebut ing teks-teks sejarah Tiongkok – kanthi owah-owahan ejaan amarga rentang wektu antarane dinasti – kanggo nyebutake sawijining bangsa ing cedhak segara kidul. Antarane istilah-istilah sing digunakake yaiku "Bôk-lá-yù", "Mók-là-yū" (木剌由), Má-lì-yù-er (麻里予兒), Oō-laì-yu (巫来由) — dilacak saka sumber tinulis saka bhikkhu [[Xuanzang]]) lan Wú-laī-yû (無来由). * '''''Malaiyur''''' – kasebut ing prasasti Tanjore. Iki digambarake minangka kerajaan sing nduweni "gunung sing kuwat minangka benteng" sing tiba menyang penjajah Chola nalika kampanye Rajendra Chola I ing abad kaping 11. Bisa uga ana ing Sumatra, antarane Pannai lan Sriwijaya ([[Kutha Palémbang|Palémbang]]),<ref>{{Cite book |title=Nagapattinam to suvarnadwipa: Reflections on the chola naval expeditions to Southeast Asia |publisher=Institute of Southeast Asian Studies |year=2009 |editor-last1=Kulke |editor-first1=Hermann |location=Singapore |editor-last2=Kesavapany |editor-first2=K. |editor-last3=Sakhuja |editor-first3=Vijay}}</ref>{{rp|77–78, 170}} bisa uga ana ing situs arkeologi [[Kabupatèn Muaro Jambi|Muaro Jambi]].<ref name=":6">{{Cite book|last=Miksic|first=John M.|year=2013|title=Singapore and the Silk Road of the Sea, 1300–1800|publisher=NUS Press|isbn=978-9971-69-558-3|author1-link=John N. Miksic}}</ref>{{rp|405}} * '''''Malai''''' – sing kasebut déning ahli géografi Arab abad kaping 12 [[Al-Idrisi|Muhammad al-Idrisi]] ing Tabula Rogeriana, pulo iki njlèntrèhaké semenanjung Malaya minangka pulo sing dawa lan nyebut Malai, wewatesan karo Qmer (Khmer) lan dunungé 12 dina layar saka Sanf (Champa).<ref>[https://www.sg/sgbicentennial/the-bicentennial-experience/map/al-idrisis-a-guide-to-pleasant-journeys-into-faraway-lands/ al-Idrisi's A guide to Pleasant Journeys into Faraway Lands] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250508045322/https://www.sg/sgbicentennial/the-bicentennial-experience/map/al-idrisis-a-guide-to-pleasant-journeys-into-faraway-lands/ |date=2025-05-08 }}. Singapore Bicentennial Office. November 2019.</ref><ref>Gerini, G. E., & Royal Geographical Society (Great Britain). (1909). [https://books.google.com.my/books?id=FKYcAAAAMAAJ&vq=malai&pg=PA535#v=onepage&q=malai&f=false Researches on Ptolemy's Geography of Eastern Asia (further India and Indo-Malay Archipelago) (Asiatic Society monographs)]. Royal Asiatic society, Royal geographical society. p. 535.</ref> * '''''Bhūmi Mālayu''''' – (secara harfiah "Tanah Malayu"), transkripsi saka [[Prasasti Padang Roco]] taun 1286 M dening Slamet Muljana.{{sfn|Muljana|1981|p=223}} Istilah iki ana gandheng cenenge karo kerajaan Dharmasraya. * '''''Ma-li-yu-er''''' – kasebut ing babad [[Wangsa Yuan]], nuduhake sawijining bangsa ing Semenanjung Melayu sing ngadhepi ekspansi Kerajaan Sukhothai menyang kidul, nalika jaman pamrentahan Ram Khamhaeng.<ref>{{cite web |title=Chronicle of Mongol Yuan |website=guoxue.com |language=zh |url=http://www.guoxue.com/shibu/24shi/yuanshi/yuas_210.htm |access-date=5 Fèbruari 2026 |archive-date=27 Agustus 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100827214255/http://www.guoxue.com/shibu/24shi/yuanshi/yuas_210.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> Kronik kasebut nyatakake: "''..Ana rasa sengit antarane Siam lan Ma-li-yu-er nganti loro-lorone padha mateni siji lan sijine ...''". Kanggo nanggepi tumindake Sukhothai, utusan Tiongkok menyang kraton Ram Khamhaeng ing taun 1295 nggawa dekrit kekaisaran: "Tetepna janjimu lan aja nindakake piala marang Ma-li-yu-er".{{sfn|Hall|1981|p=190}} * '''''Malauir''''' – kasebut ing cathetan [[Marco Polo]] minangka kerajaan sing dumunung ing Semenanjung Melayu,{{sfn|Cordier|2009|p=105}}{{sfn|Wright|2004|pp=364–365}} bisa uga padha karo sing kasebut ing kronik Yuan. * '''''Malayapura''''' – (sacara harfiah "kutha Malaya" utawa "bètèng Malaya"), sing ditulis ing [[prasasti Amoghapasa]] sing ditulis taun 1347 Masehi. Istilah iki digunakake dening [[Adityawarman]] kanggo nyebut Dharmasraya. Saran liyané kalebu tembung [[basa Jawa|Jawa]] ''mlayu'' (minangka kriya: mlayu, partisip: buronan), utawa istilah Melayu ''melaju'' (nyepetake kanthi ajeg), sing nuduhake mobilitas dhuwur lan sifat migrasi wong-wongé. De Barros (1552) nyebutake yen [[Paraméswara|Iskandar Shah]] menehi jeneng ''Malaios'' (wong Melayu) kaya ngono amarga bapakne diusir saka negarane. Albuquerque nerangake yen [[Paraméswara|Parameswara]] mlayu (''malayo'') saka kerajaan Palembang menyang Malaka.{{sfn|Crawfurd|1856|p=[https://archive.org/details/adescriptivedic00crawgoog/page/n254/mode/2up 244]}} === Minangka jeneng ètnis (etnonim) === {{multiple image | align = right | total_width = 420 | image1 = Malays from the Malacca Sultanate Codice Casanatense.jpg | alt1 = Wong Melayu ing Malaka | caption1 = Cat banyu Portugis wong Malaya ing Malaka, kira-kira taun 1540, ditampilake ing Códice Casanatense | image2 = A Malay couple RBSeite93.jpg | alt2 = Pasangan Melayu | caption2 = Ilustrasi pasangan Melayu, saka ''Reise nach Batavia'', antarane taun 1669 lan 1682 | image3 = JogetUNISEL.jpg | alt3 = Tari Joget | caption3 = Tari Joget saka Kesultanan Malaka; akeh aspek budaya Melayu sing asale saka kraton Malaka }} Tembung "Melayu" minangka etnonim, kanggo ngrujuk marang kluster etnologis sing béda banget, dianggep wis dadi populer sajrone integrasi Kesultanan Malaka minangka kakuwatan regional ing abad kaping 15. Iki digunakake kanggo nglaporake babagan keberpihakan sosial wong Malaka tinimbang wong manca ing wilayah sing padha, utamane [[wong Jawa]] lan [[Thai]].{{sfn|Barnard|2004|p=4}} Iki dibuktèkaké saka dhaptar tembung Melayu awal abad kaping 16 déning Antonio Pigafetta sing gabung karo pelayaran Magellan, sing ngrujuk babagan kepriyé frasa ''chiara Malaiu'' ('cara Melayu') digunakaké ing maritim [[Asia Kidul-wétan]], kanggo nyebut ''al parlare de Malaea'' ([[basa Italia]] kanggo "ngomong babagan Malaka").{{sfn|Milner|2010|pp=22}} Sastra Melayu klasik nggambarake wong Melayu kanthi makna sing luwih sempit tinimbang interpretasi modern. ''Hikayat Hang Tuah'' (kira-kira taun 1700, manuskrip kira-kira taun 1849) mung nyebutake wong Melayu minangka subjek Kesultanan Malaka; [[Brunéi Darussalam|Brunéi]], nalika semana, ora dianggep minangka wong Melayu. ''Hikayat Patani'' (manuskrip: 1876) contoné, ora nyebut Patani lan Brunéi minangka [[basa Malayu]], istilah kuwi mung digunakaké kanggo [[Johor]]. Kedah boten kalebet basa Melayu ing babad Kedah/Hikayat Merong Mahawangsa (kira-kira 1821). ''Hikayat Aceh'' (kira-kira taun 1625, manuskrip kira-kira taun 1675) nggandhengake etnis Melayu karo Johor, nanging mesthi ora karo Aceh utawa Deli.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Milner |first=Anthony |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sACaolB0FpkC&q=liberally |title=The Malays |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |year=2011 |isbn=978-1-4443-9166-4 |pages=91–92 |access-date=5 Fèbruari 2026|archive-date=31 Maret 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230331160702/https://books.google.com/books?id=sACaolB0FpkC&q=liberally |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>For the dating of the manuscripts, see [https://mcp.anu.edu.au/Q/texts.html Malay Concordance Project]. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220809133732/https://mcp.anu.edu.au/Q/texts.html|date=9 Agustus 2022}}.</ref> == Asal-usul == [[Barkas:Baju Melayu.jpg|thumb|Sekelompok wong lanang saka [[Brunéi Darussalam]] nganggo sandhangan jinis ''Cekak Musang'', dienggo bareng karo [[songkèt]] (kiwa paling adoh) lan ''[[sarung|kain sarung]]''.]] === Modhél Proto-Melayu === Uga dikenal minangka ''Melayu asli'' (wong Melayu asli) utawa ''Melayu purba'' (wong Melayu kuna), wong Proto-Melayu asale saka Austronésia lan dipercaya wis migrasi menyang Kapuloan Melayu sajrone serangkaian migrasi dawa antarane 2500 lan 1500 SM.{{sfn|Ryan|1976|pp=4–5}} Proto-Melayu sing misuwur saiki yaiku Moken, Jakun, Orang Kuala, Temuan lan Orang Kanaq.<ref>{{cite web |title=Orang Asli Population Statistics |publisher=Center for Orang Asli Concerns |url= http://www.coac.org.my/codenavia/portals/coacv2/code/main/main_art.php?parentID=11374494101180&artID=11432750280711 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110722233738/http://www.coac.org.my/codenavia/portals/coacv2/code/main/main_art.php?parentID=11374494101180&artID=11432750280711 |archive-date=22 Juli 2011}}</ref> ''The Encyclopedia of Malaysia: Early History'' ({{lang|id|Ensiklopedia Malaysia: Sejarah Awal}}), wis nudingake total telung teori babagan asal-usul wong Melayu: * Teori Yunnan (diterbitake ing taun 1889) – Teori Proto-Melayu sing asale saka Yunnan kira-kira 4.000 nganti 6.000 taun kepungkur. Téori iki didhukung déning R.H Geldern lan timé sing nduwé téori yèn migrasi wong-wong mau kedadeyan saka Kali Mekong menyang [[Jasirah Malaka|Semenanjung Malaya]]. Bukti liyané sing ndhukung téori iki kalebu piranti watu sing ditemokaké ing Kepulauan Melayu sing analog karo piranti Asia Tengah, sing nuduhaké kamiripan adat istiadat Melayu lan Assam.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last1=Parthipan |first1=Shalini |last2=Mirianti Ishar |first2=Seri |date=2022 |title=Perspective on Ancestral Lineages and Genetic Markers of Malay Population in Peninsular Malaysia |url=http://journalarticle.ukm.my/19571/1/49021-177065-2-PB.pdf |journal=Journal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia |volume=20 |issue=1 |page=86 |via=Journalarticle.ukm.my |access-date=24 Maret 2026 |archive-date=16 Oktober 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221016080144/http://journalarticle.ukm.my/19571/1/49021-177065-2-PB.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> * Teori New Guinea/Pelaut (diterbitake ing taun 1965) – Migrasi pelaut kanthi katrampilan oseanografi sing kuwat sing lelungan saka pulo siji menyang pulo liyane antarane [[Niu Sélan]] lan [[Madhagaskar]]. Teori kasebut ngaku yen morfologi wong Melayu nalika semana padha karo Negroid.<ref name=":0" /> * Teori [[Républik Cina|Taiwan]] (diterbitake ing taun 1997) – Migrasi sekelompok wong saka Tiongkok Kidul kedadeyan 6.000 taun kepungkur, sawetara pindhah menyang [[Taiwan]] ([[wong pribumi Taiwan|pribumi Taiwan]] saiki minangka keturunane), banjur menyang [[Filipina]] lan mengko menyang [[Kalimantan]] (kurang luwih 4.500 taun kepungkur) ([[Dayak]] saiki lan kelompok liyane). Wong-wong kuna iki uga pisah, ana sing menyang [[Sulawesi]] lan ana sing menyang [[Jawa]], lan [[Sumatra]], sing saiki kabeh nganggo basa-basa sing kalebu kulawarga Basa Austronesia. Migrasi pungkasan kedadeyan ing Semenanjung Malaya kira-kira 3.000 taun kepungkur. Sawijining sub-kelompok saka Kalimantan pindhah menyang Champa ing jaman saiki sing diarani Vietnam Tengah lan Kidul kira-kira 4.500 taun kepungkur. Ana uga jejak migrasi Dong Son lan Hoabinhian saka [[Viètnam]] lan [[Kamboja]]. Kabeh klompok iki nduweni DNA lan asal-usul linguistik sing bisa ditelusuri saka pulo sing saiki diarani Taiwan, lan leluhure wong-wong kuna iki bisa ditelusuri saka Tiongkok kidul.{{sfn|Barnard|2004}} ==== Deutero-Melayu ==== [[Barkas:Women from Palembang in Ikat weave, Wanita di Indonesia p29 (Ministry of Information).jpg|thumb|Wanita saka [[Kutha Palémbang|Palémbang]] nganggo busana tradhisional, sing diarani Baju Kurung sing digawe saka [[Songkèt]]. Klambi iki umume digandhengake karo wanita keturunan Melayu.]] Wong Deutero-Melayu iku wong [[jaman wesi|Jaman Wesi]] sing sebagian turunan saka wong Austronésia sabanjure sing dilengkapi teknik pertanian sing luwih maju lan kawruh anyar babagan logam.{{sfn|Murdock|1969|p=278}}{{sfn|Ooi|2004|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=QKgraWbb7yoC&pg=PA495 495]}}{{sfn|Anderbeck|2002}} Para pemukim Deutero-Melayu ora nomaden kaya para leluhure: nanging dheweke manggon lan ngadegake kampung-kampung sing dadi unit utama ing masyarakat. Kampung-kampung iki biasane dumunung ing pinggir kali utawa pesisir lan umume bisa nyukupi pangan lan kabutuhan liyane. Ing pungkasan abad kaping 1 SM, kampung-kampung iki wiwit nindakake perdagangan karo jagad njaba.{{sfn|Jamil Abu Bakar|2002|p=39}} Wong Deutero-Melayu dianggep minangka leluhur langsung saka wong Melayu saiki.{{sfn|TED|1999}} ==== Ekspansi saka modhél Sundaland ==== Téori sing luwih anyar nyatakaké yèn tinimbang dipanggoni déning ekspansi saka daratan, populasi Jaman És ing Semenanjung Malaya, Kapuloan Indhonésia sing cedhak, lan landas kontinèntal sing nalika iku katon (Sundaland) malah berkembang sacara lokal saka pemukim manungsa pisanan lan ngembang menyang daratan. Para pendukung téori iki percaya yèn ekspansi iki mènèhi panjelasan sing luwih irit babagan bukti linguistik, arkeologi, lan antropologis tinimbang modhèl sadurungé, mliginé model Taiwan.{{sfn|Oppenheimer|2006}} Téori iki uga nduwèni dhukungan saka bukti genetik anyar saka Human Genome Organisation sing nuduhaké yèn pedunung utama Asia kedadeyan ing siji migrasi liwat [[Asia Kidul-wétan]]; rute iki dianggep minangka wilayah Melayu modern lan keragaman ing wilayah kasebut berkembang utamane ing panggonan kasebut tanpa mbutuhake migrasi utama saka daratan. Ekspansi kasebut dhewe bisa uga disebabake dening kenaikan permukaan laut ing pungkasan Jaman Es.{{sfn|Abdulla et al.|2009}}{{sfn|Soares, et al.|2008}} Stephen Oppenheimer, pendukung paham iki, luwih lanjut ngajokake teori yen ekspansi bangsa kedadeyan kanthi telung gelombang cepet amarga kenaikan permukaan laut ing pungkasan Jaman Es, lan diaspora iki nyebarake bangsa-bangsa kasebut lan budaya, mitos, lan teknologi sing ana gandhengane ora mung menyang daratan Asia Tenggara, nanging uga nganti India, Timur Tengah, lan Mediterania. Para pengulas nemokake usulan-usulane kanggo pemukiman lan panyebaran asli pantes ditliti luwih lanjut, nanging isih skeptis karo klaim difusionis dheweke.{{sfn|Razak|2012}}{{sfn|Terrell|1999}}{{sfn|Baer|1999}} === Bukti genetik === Wong Melayu iku sawijining klompok ètnis sing manggon ing Asia Kidul-wétan lan Semenanjung Malaya sing nganggo basa Austronésia. Miturut panliten ing taun 2015, wong Melayu saka Semenanjung Malaysia, [[Singapura]], [[Indhonésia]], lan [[Sri Lanka]] nduweni 4 komponen leluhur utama, kalebu Austronésia (17%–62%), Proto-Melayu (15%–31%), Asia Timur (4%–16%) lan Asia Selatan (3%–34%). Nanging komponen pribumi Austronésia lan Asia Tenggara luwih penting kanggo wong Melayu saka Semenanjung Malaysia, Singapura lan Indhonésia tinimbang Asia Wétan lan Asia Kidul. Kosok baline, wong Melayu saka Sri Lanka nduweni udakara 34% keturunan Asia Kidul ing susunan genetik, sing ndadekake dheweke relatif béda.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Deng |first1=Lian |last2=Hoh |first2=Boon-Peng |last3=Lu |first3=Dongsheng |last4=Saw |first4=Woei-Yuh |display-authors=3 |date=2015 |title=Dissecting the genetic structure and admixture of four geographical Malay populations |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=5 |doi=10.1038/srep14375 |pmid=26395220 |pmc=4585825 |bibcode=2015NatSR...514375D }}</ref> Panliten ing taun 2021 nyimpulake yen garis keturunan Basal-Asia Timur sing khas (kadhangkala diarani '''East- and Southeast Asian lineage''<nowiki/>' (ESEA)), sing minangka leluhure wong Asia Timur lan Tenggara modern, wong Polinesia, lan wong Siberia, asale saka Daratan Asia Tenggara ing ~50.000 SM, lan berkembang liwat pirang-pirang gelombang migrasi menyang kidul lan lor. Leluhur basal-Asia Wétan, uga leluhur sing ana gandhèngané karo [[kulawarga basa Austroasiatika|Austroasia]], nyebar menyang Asia Kidul-wétan Maritim sadurungé ekspansi Austronésia. Wong-wong sing nganggo basa Austronésia dhewe dikira wis tekan ing [[Taiwan]] lan [[Filipina]] sisih lor antarane 10.000 lan 7.000 SM saka pesisir kidul Tiongkok, lan nyebar saka kana menyang saindenging Asia Tenggara. Para penulis nyimpulake yen ekspansi Austronésia menyang Insular Asia Tenggara lan [[Polinésia]] metu saka Filipina tinimbang Taiwan, lan wong-wong sing nganggo basa Austronesia modern, kayata wong Melayu, umume duwe leluhur saka Basal-Asia Timur paling awal, migran Austroasia saka Asia Tenggara Daratan, lan pelaut sing nganggo basa Austronésia saka Filipina, tanpa akeh campuran saka klompok sadurunge.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Larena |first1=Maximilian |last2=Sanchez-Quinto |first2=Federico |last3=Sjödin |first3=Per |last4=McKenna |first4=James |last5=Ebeo |first5=Carlo |last6=Reyes |first6=Rebecca |last7=Casel |first7=Ophelia |last8=Huang |first8=Jin-Yuan |last9=Hagada |first9=Kim Pullupul |last10=Guilay |first10=Dennis |last11=Reyes |first11=Jennelyn |date=30 Maret 2021 |title=Multiple migrations to the Philippines during the last 50,000 years |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |volume=118 |issue=13 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2026132118 |issn=0027-8424 |pmc=8020671 |pmid=33753512|bibcode=2021PNAS..11826132L |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Yang |first=Melinda A. |date=6 Januari 2022 |title=A genetic history of migration, diversification, and admixture in Asia |url=http://www.pivotscipub.com/hpgg/2/1/0001/html |journal=Human Population Genetics and Genomics |language=en |volume=2 |issue=1 |pages=1–32 |doi=10.47248/hpgg2202010001 |issn=2770-5005 |doi-access=free |access-date=25 Maret 2026 |archive-date=16 Mèi 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220516110501/http://www.pivotscipub.com/hpgg/2/1/0001/html |url-status=live }}</ref> ==Budaya== === Agama === [[Barkas:Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddin Mosque 02.jpg|thumb|Masjid Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien ing [[Brunéi Darussalam]] ing wayah wengi [[Ramadhan]]. Karajan sugih iki nganut Melayu Islam Beraja (''Monarki Islam Melayu'') minangka filosofi nasional wiwit kamardikane ing taun 1984.]] Komunitas Melayu wiwitan umumé [[animisme|animis]], percaya marang anané ''semangat'' (roh) ing saben bab.<ref name="zaki1">{{harvnb|Zaki Ragman|2003|pp=1–6}}</ref> Kira-kira nalika wiwitan jaman umum, agama [[Hindhu]] lan [[Buda]] dikenalake dening para pedagang Asia Kidul menyang Kepulauan Melayu, ing ngendi agama kasebut berkembang nganti abad kaping 13, sadurunge tekane Islam sing digawa dening para pedagang Muslim Arab, Asia Kidul, lan Tiongkok. Ing abad kaping 15, Islam saka sekte [[Sunni]] ortodoks ngrembaka ing jagad Melayu ing jaman Kesultanan Malaka. Beda karo agama [[Hindhu|Hindu]], sing mung ngowahi masyarakat Melayu awal kanthi dangkal, [[Islam]] bisa diarani wis terintegrasi kanthi lengkap menyang urip saben dinane penduduk.<ref name="Syed">{{harvnb|Syed Husin Ali|2008|p=57}}</ref> Wiwit jaman iki, wong Melayu dianggep minangka kelompok etnoreligius lan sacara tradhisional nduweni identifikasi sing cedhak karo Islam{{sfn|Johns|Lahoud|2005|p=157}} lan wiwit kuwi dheweke ora ngganti agama.<ref name="Syed" /> Identitas iki kuwat banget nganti diarani dadi Muslim yaiku ''masuk Melayu'' (mlebu keMelayuan).{{sfn|Andaya|Andaya|1984|p=55}} Sanajan mangkono, kapercayan-kapercayan sadurungé sing duwé oyot sing luwih jero, tetep nglawan kutukan Islam - lan pancen mistisisme [[Sufisme]] wis gegandhèngan ing antarane wong Melayu, karo roh-roh saka jagad animisme sadurungé lan sawetara unsur Hindhu.{{sfn|Winstedt|1925|p=125}} Sawisé taun 1970-an, kebangkitan Islam (uga diarani re-Islamisasi{{sfn|Burgat|2003|p=54}}) ing saindenging jagad Muslim, akèh tradhisi sing dianggep nglanggar ajaran Islam lan ngandhut unsur syirik ditinggalaké déning wong Melayu ing Malaysia, déné ing antarane wong Melayu ing Indhonésia, tradhisi kasebut ora dianggep takhayul lan ngandhut unsur syirik. Ing antarane tradhisi kasebut yaiku festival ''mandi'' safar (adus [[Safar]]), festival [[adus]] kanggo nggayuh kasucian spiritual, sing bisa dideleng fitur-fitur sing padha karo sawetara ing Durga Puja ing India.{{sfn|Bolton|Hutton|2000|p=184}} Akèh-akèhé saka ètnis Melayu modern sing penganut Islam [[Sunni]]<ref>{{cite web |title=The Malay of Malaysia |publisher=Bethany World Prayer Center |url=http://kcm.co.kr/bethany_eng/p_code3/1892.html |access-date=2 Juli 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121010191042/http://kcm.co.kr/bethany_eng/p_code3/1892.html |archive-date=10 Oktober 2012}}</ref> lan riyaya Melayu sing paling penting yaiku sing asalé saka Islam - ''[[Idul Fitri|Hari Raya Aidilfitri]]'', ''[[Idul Adha|Hari Raya Aidiladha]]'', ''[[Muharram|Awal Muharram]]'', lan ''[[Mulud (pahargyan)|Maulidur Rasul]]''. Wong Melayu sing metu saka Islam ing Malaysia lan Brunéi dianggep murtad. Nanging, ana sawetara etnis Melayu sing manggon ing njaba negara-negara kasebut uga wis nganut agama liya kanthi sah miturut hukum. === Arsitèktur === {{See also|Omah Melayu}} [[Gambar:Rumah kedah.gif|thumb|350px|Omah tradhisional Melayu ing [[Kedah]], dihias nganggo panel ukiran khas [[Jasirah Malaka|Semenanjung Melayu]] sisih lor.]] [[Gambar:Malacca Sultanate Palace Museum 1.jpg|thumb|350px|Replika Kraton Kesultanan Malaka, sing dibangun saka informasi lan data sing dipikolehi saka [[Sejarah Melayu]]. Dokumen sejarah iki nduwèni referensi babagan konstruksi lan arsitektur kraton nalika jaman Sultan Mansur Shah, sing mrentah saka taun 1458 nganti 1477.]] Maneka warna pengaruh budaya, utamane wong Tionghoa, Indhi, lan Éropa, nduweni peran utama ing mbentuk arsitèktur Melayu.{{sfn|Henket|Heynen|2002|p=181}} Nganti saiki, kayu minangka bahan utama sing digunakake kanggo kabeh bangunan tradhisional Melayu.<ref name="MC1219">{{harvnb|Marshall Cavendish|2007|p=1219}}</ref> Nanging, akeh struktur watu uga ditemokake utamane kompleks agama saka jaman [[Praja Sriwijaya|Sriwijaya]] lan kerajaan Melayu Isthmian kuna. [[Candhi Muara Takus]] lan [[Kompleks Candhi Muaro Jambi|Candhi Muaro Jambi]] ing [[Sumatra]] kalebu salah sijine conto sing ana gegayutane karo unsur arsitèktur Kerajaan Sriwijaya. Nanging, arsitektur Sriwijaya umumé diwakili ing Chaiya (saiki provinsi ing [[Thai]]land) ing Semenanjung Malaya, sing dadi pusat penting nalika periode Sriwijaya.{{sfn|Chihara|1996|p=213}}{{sfn|Van Beek|Invernizzi|1999|p=75}} Jinis struktur iki kasusun saka kamar sel kanggo nyimpen gambar Buddha lan pucuk struktur kasebut didegake awujud ''[[stupa]]'' kanthi teras sing ditumpangake kanthi runtut, sing minangka conto paling apik ing ''Wat Pra Borom That'' ing Chaiya.{{sfn|Jermsawatdi|1989|p=65}} Ana uga bukti-bukti papan suci utawa ''[[Candhi|Candi]]'' Hindu ing sekitar Kedah kidul antarane gunung Jerai lan lembah Kali Muda, sawijining wilayah sing dikenal minangka [[Lembah Bujang]]. Ing area seluas kira-kira 350 kilometer persegi, ana 87 situs agama bersejarah awal sing dilapurake lan ana 12 ''candhi'' sing dumunung ing pucuk gunung, sawijining fitur sing nuduhake yen bisa uga asale saka kapercayan Melayu pra-sejarah babagan kasucèn panggonan sing dhuwur.{{sfn|O'Reilly|2007|p=42}} [[Gambar:Pintu Istana Setul Mambang Segara.jpg|thumb|350px|Panel tembok sing dihias nganggo macem-macem motif kembang saka omah kraton Setul Mambang Segara kaya sing katon ing Muzium Negara. Setul iku sawijining kerajaan Melayu bersejarah sing ana antara taun 1808 lan 1915 ing Semenanjung Melayu sisih lor.]] Referensi awal babagan arsitektur Melayu ing Semenanjung Melayu bisa ditemokake ing sawetara cathetan Tiongkok. Cathetan Tiongkok saka abad kaping 7 nyritakake babagan peziarah Buddha sing teka ing Langkasuka lan nyebutake kutha kasebut diubengi tembok sing dibangun menara lan bisa dilewati liwat gapura ganda.{{sfn|Jamil Abu Bakar|2002|p=59}} Cathetan liyane saka abad kaping 7 babagan utusan khusus Tiongkok menyang Kerajaan Bumi Abang ing Semenanjung Melayu, nyathet yen kutha krajan kasebut nduweni telung gapura sing jaraké luwih saka satus langkah, sing dihiasi lukisan tema Buddha lan roh wanita.{{sfn|Mohamad Tajuddin Haji Mohamad Rasdi|2005|p=19}} Gambaran rinci pisanan babagan arsitèktur Melayu ana ing ''[[wikt:istana#Noun 3|Istana]]'' kayu gedhe kagungane Mansur Shah saka Malaka (mrentah 1458–1477).<ref name="MC1219" /> Miturut [[Sejarah Melayu]], bangunan kasebut nduweni struktur pitu teluk sing ditinggikake ing pilar kayu kanthi atap pitung tingkat sing digawe saka sirap tembaga lan dihiasi menara berlapis emas lan pangilon kaca Cina.{{sfn|Mohamad Tajuddin Haji Mohamad Rasdi|2005|p=24}} [[Omah Melayu|Omah-omah tradhisional Melayu]] dibangun nganggo struktur rangka kayu sing prasaja. Atap-atapé miring, teras ing ngarep, langit-langité dhuwur, akèh bolongan ing tembok kanggo ventilasi,<ref>{{cite web |last=Ahmad |first=A. Ghafar |title=Malay Vernacular Architecture |url= http://www.hbp.usm.my/conservation/malayvernacular.htm |access-date=21 Oktober 2026 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100610190114/http://www.hbp.usm.my/conservation/malayvernacular.htm |archive-date=10 Juni 2010 }}</ref> lan asring dihias nganggo ukiran kayu sing rumit. Kaendahan lan kualitas ukiran kayu Melayu dimaksudake minangka indikator visual saka drajat lan status sosial sing nduweni dhewe.{{sfn|Noor|Khoo|2003|p=47}} Omah Salinger, sing menangaké Penghargaan Arsitektur Aga Khan taun 1998, minangka conto modern saka desain tradhisional iki.<ref name="Steele 187-188">{{cite book |last1=Steele |first1=James |url=https://archive.org/details/greenwoodencyclo0000stee/page/186/mode/2up?q=%22salinger+house%22 |title=The Greenwood encyclopedia of homes through world history: Volume 3 |date=2009 |publisher=Greenwood Press |isbn=978-0-313-33791-8 |pages=187–188 |access-date=21 Oktober 2026}}</ref><ref name="Jantan et al. 16-17">{{cite book |last1=Jantan |first1=Amer Hamzah |url=https://archive.org/details/malaysiasingapor0000mala/page/16/mode/2up?q=%22Rudinara%22 |title=Malaysia, Singapore, and ASEAN in an age of globalisation |last2=Said |first2=Hassan |last3=Bajunid |first3=Ibrahim Ahmad |last4=Ismail |first4=Ibrahim |last5=Talib |first5=Shaharil |last6=Ahmad |first6=Shamsulbahriah Ku |date=2002 |publisher=Asia-Europe Institute, University of Malaya |isbn=983-2085-42-X |pages=16–17 |access-date=21 Oktober 2026}}</ref> Sajrone pirang-pirang dekade, arsitektur Melayu tradisional wis dipengaruhi dening [[Wong Bugis|Bugis]] lan [[Omah Joglo|Jawa]] saka kidul, Siam, Inggris, Arab lan India saka lor, Portugis, Walanda, Acéh lan [[Omah Gadang|Minangkabau]] saka kulon lan Cina Kidul saka wetan.<ref>{{cite web |title=For Sale – CountryHeights |work=The Art of Living Show |date=22 Maret 2011 |via=YouTube |url= https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7ZCHUMYs2CM |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211212/7ZCHUMYs2CM| archive-date=12 Dhésèmber 2021 |url-status=live}}{{cbignore}}</ref> ===Basa=== [[Barkas:Prasasti Kedukan Bukit 3.jpg|thumb|[[Prasasti Kedukan Bukit]] ditulis nganggo [[aksara Pallawa]]. Wis ana wiwit taun 683, iki minangka salah sawijining artefak tulisan Melayu paling tuwa sing isih ana.]] {{Main|Basa Malayu}} {{See also|Aksara Gundhil}} [[Basa Malayu]] iku salah siji basa sing paling misuwur ing donya, mligine saka kulawarga basa Austronésia. Varian lan dialek [[basa Melayu]] digunakake minangka basa resmi ing [[Brunéi Darussalam]], [[Indhonésia]], [[Malaysia]], lan [[Singapura]]. Basa iki uga dicaturaké ing [[Thai]]land kidul, [[Kapuloan Cocos (Keeling)|Kapuloan Cocos]], [[Pulo Natal]], lan [[Sri Lanka]]. Basa iki dicaturaké déning kurang luwih 33 yuta wong ing sakubengé Kapuloan Melayu lan digunakaké minangka basa kapindho déning kurang luwih 220 yuta wong.{{sfn|Wright|2007|p=492}} Wangun basa Malayu paling tuwa asale saka basa Proto-Malayu-Polinésia sing dituturake dening para pemukim Austronésia paling awal ing [[Asia Kidul-wétan]]. Wangun iki banjur berkembang dadi basa Malayu Kuna nalika budaya lan agama India wiwit nembus wilayah kasebut. Basa Melayu Kuna ngandhut sawetara istilah sing isih ana nganti saiki, nanging tetep ora bisa dimangerteni dening penutur modern, dene basa modern wis umume bisa dikenali ing basa Melayu Klasik tulisan, sing bentuk paling tuwa wiwit taun 1303 Masehi.{{sfn|Teeuw|1959|p=149}} Basa Melayu berkembang dadi basa Malayu Klasik liwat mlebune akeh kosakata [[basa Arab|Arab]] lan [[basa Pèrsi|Pèrsi]] kanthi bertahap nalika Islam mlebu ing wilayah kasebut, lan sajrone proses kasebut ana owah-owahan sing signifikan. Wiwitane, basa Melayu Klasik minangka klompok dialek sing maneka warna, sing nggambarake asal-usul kerajaan-kerajaan Melayu ing Asia Kidul-wétan. Salah sawijining dialek iki, sing dikembangake ing tradhisi sastra Kesultanan Malaka ing abad kaping 15, pungkasane dadi dominan. Jaman Malaka ditandhani karo owah-owahan basa Melayu dadi basa Islam, kaya dene basa Arab, Persia, Urdu, lan Swahili. [[Aksara Arab]] sing diadaptasi sing diarani [[aksara Jawi|Jawi]] digunakake kanggo ngganti [[aksara Kawi]], terminologi agama lan budaya Islam diasimilasi kanthi akeh, mbuwang akeh tembung Hindu-Buddha, lan basa Malayu dadi basa pengantar lan panyebaran Islam ing saindenging wilayah [[Asia Kidul-wétan]]. Ing puncak kekuasaan Malaka ing abad kaping 15, basa Malayu Klasik nyebar ngluwihi jagad penutur basa Melayu tradhisional<ref name="Sneddon 2003 59">{{harvnb|Sneddon|2003|p=59}}</ref> lan ngasilake ''[[basantara|lingua franca]]'' sing diarani ''Bahasa Melayu pasar'' ("Bazaar Melayu") utawa ''Bahasa Melayu rendah'' ("Melayu Endhek"), beda karo ''Bahasa Melayu Tinggi'' ("Melayu Luhur") ing Malaka.{{sfn|Sneddon|2003|p=84}} Lumrahé, basa Melayu Bazaar iku basa pidgin lan perkembangan sing paling penting yaiku basa pidgin dikreolisasi, sing nggawé sawetara basa anyar kaya ta [[basa Malayu Ambon]], [[basa Malayu Manado|Malayu Manado]], lan [[basa Batawi]].{{sfn|Sneddon|2003|p=60}} Para panulis [[Éropa]] ing abad kaping 17 lan 18, kaya ta Tavernier, Thomassin lan Werndly nggambarake basa Malayu minangka "''basa para wong pinter ing kabeh Hindia, kaya [[basa Latin]] ing Eropa''".{{sfn|Sweeney|1987}} Iki uga sing paling akeh digunakake nalika jaman penjajahan Inggris lan Walanda ing Kepulauan Melayu.{{sfn|Van der Putten|Cody|2009|p=55}} Kosok baline katon ing Hindia Timur Spanyol, ing ngendi latinisasi massal ing kepulauan kasebut sajrone taun-taun kolonial nyebabake kudeta historis basa Malayu ing Filipina. Dialek Kesultanan Johor, penerus langsung Malaka, dadi basa standar ing antarane wong Melayu ing [[Singapura]] lan [[Malaysia]], lan iki dadi dhasar asli kanggo [[basa Indhonésia]] sing wis distandardisasi.<ref name="Sneddon 2003 59"/>{{sfn|Wong|1973|p=126}}{{sfn|Clyne|1992|p=413}}{{sfn|Brown|Ogilvie|2009|p=678}} Saliyané basa Malayu standar, sing dikembangaké ing lingkungan Malaka-Johor, ana uga manéka dialek Melayu lokal. Contone, wong [[basa Bangka|Bangka]], Brunéi, [[basa Melayu Jambi|Jambi]], [[basa Malayu Kelantan-Petani|Kelantan]], Kedah, Negeri Sembilan, [[basa Palémbang|Palémbang]], [[Basa Malayu Kelantan-Petani|Pattan]], Sarawak, [[Basa Malayu Trengganu|Terengganu]], lan liya-liyane. Basa Malayu sacara historis ditulis nganggo [[aksara Pallawa]], [[aksara Kawi|Kawi]], lan [[aksara Réncong|Réncong]]. Sawisé tekané Islam, [[aksara Jawi]] sing adhedhasar basa Arab diadopsi lan isih digunakaké nganti saiki minangka salah siji saka rong aksara resmi ing [[Brunéi Darussalam]] lan minangka aksara alternatif ing [[Malaysia]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Kedah MB defends use of Jawi on signboards |work=The Star |year=2008 |url=http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2008/8/26/nation/22168989&sec=nation |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121029105406/http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=%2F2008%2F8%2F26%2Fnation%2F22168989&sec=nation |archive-date=29 Oktober 2012 }}</ref> Wiwit abad kaping 17, minangka akibat saka penjajahan Inggris lan Walanda, aksara Jawi mboko sithik diganti karo aksara Rumi<ref>{{cite web |title=Malay (Bahasa Melayu / بهاس ملايو) |website=Omniglot |url=http://www.omniglot.com/writing/malay.htm |access-date=2 Juli 2026 |archive-date=26 Juni 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190626115200/http://www.omniglot.com/writing/malay.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> sing adhedhasar Latin sing pungkasane dadi aksara modern resmi kanggo [[basa Malayu]] ing [[Malaysia]], [[Singapura]], lan [[Indhonésia]], lan aksara resmi ing [[Brunéi Darussalam]]. === Festival lan perayaan === [[Barkas:Majlis Tujuh Likor Pasang Pelita.jpg|thumb|Deretan Pelita ([[senthir|lampu lenga]]) sing diobong nalika ''Malam Tujuh Likur'' (wengi kaping 27 Ramadhan), lampu lenga iki sacara tradhisional digunakake kanggo madhangi omah lan dalan sajrone [[Ramadhan]]. Katon ing Muar, [[Johor]], [[Malaysia]].]] Munculé [[Islam]] kasil ngowahi identitas Melayu ing abad kaping 15. Mangkono, umume festival lan perayaan Melayu mlaku sejajar karo kalender Islam, sanajan wis mendarah daging karo rasa karakter Melayu sing kuwat. Perayaan Hari Raya (sing diterjemahake minangka "Dina Agung") rong taun sekali, yaiku [[Aidilfitri]] lan [[Aidiladha]], dianggep minangka perayaan gedhe sacara universal ing saindenging komunitas Melayu. Rong dina riyaya iki penting banget kanggo menehi komentar babagan rong prastawa utama lan filsafat ing ajaran lan kapercayan Islam. Sing pertama nandhani kamenangan minangka wong Islam sawise sewulan [[pasa (Islam)|pasa]] lan sabar ing wulan Ramadhan, dene sing terakhir nandhani ngurmati kurban sing digawe dening [[Ibrahim]] (Abraham) atas asmane [[Allah]]. Liburan ''Raya'' biasane diwiwiti nalika acara mulih kampung sing dikenal minangka Balik Kampung utawa ''Balik Raya'' sing kedadeyan sawetara dina sadurunge riyaya. Sajrone dina riyaya Hari Raya, wong Melayu bakal ngrayakake kanthi nindakake [[salat id]], nganakake pesta gedhe lan ngunjungi kanca, sedulur, lan tangga teparo. Ziarah menyang makam wong sing wis tilar donya uga penting, minangka tandha pakurmatan, katresnan, lan pakurmatan. [[Barkas:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Plechtigheden bij de kroning van de Sultan van Deli in 1925 op de troon de sultan en zijn echtgenote met aan weerszijden de rijkssieraden TMnr 10001572.jpg|thumb|Upacara penobatan antarane Tengku Otteman, minangka ''Tengku Mahkota'' (Putera Mahkota) Kasultanan Deli, [[Indhiya Nèderlan|Hindia Walanda]]; karo garwane, Raja Amnah, anggota Royalti Perak minangka ''Tengku Puan Indera'' ing taun 1925]] Upacara liturgi lan agama utama liyane sing dirayakake dening wong Melayu kalebu [[Ramadhan]], sasi suci sewulan sing dikhususake kanggo pasa awan lan macem-macem kegiatan agama; [[Mulud (pahargyan)|Maulidur Rasul]], prosesi gedhe khusus kanggo ngurmati laire Nabi [[Mukamad|Muhammad]]; [[dina Asyura|Asyura]], pangeling-eling [[Muharram]] ing ngendi wong Melayu bakal nyiyapake sajian khusus, sing dikenal minangka ''Bubur Ashura''; [[Nisfu Sya'ban|Nisfu Syaaban]], perayaan Pertengahan [[Sya'ban]], dina khusus [[puasa]] kanggo pangapura; Nuzul Quran, wahyu pisanan [[Kuran|Al-Quran]]; [[Isra' Mi'raj|Israk dan Mikraj]], munggahe [[Nabi Muhammad]] menyang swarga lan Awal Muharram, Taun Anyar Islam; telung perayaan pungkasan biasane diamati kanthi nganakake sholat ''sunat'' khusus, ceramah agama lan diskusi Islam ing [[masjid]]. Ana uga akeh festival budaya regional domestik lan acara sosial ing macem-macem lingkungan Melayu. Wilayah pesisir sacara historis dikenal minangka papan kanggo nganakake upacara ''Mandi Safar'' utawa ''Puja Pantai'', yaiku adus penyucian sajrone sasi [[Safar]] [[pananggalan Hijriyah|Islam]], sing wiwitane ditiru saka ritual pembersihan suci Melayu kuno pra-Islam, padha karo tradisi Belimau sadurunge Ramadhan; lan ''Pesta Menuai'', festival panen sing dirayakake dening komunitas Melayu pedalaman lan agraris kanthi dolanan tradhisional, teater, Joget, lan repertoar tari-tarian liyane. Nanging, kaloro praktik kasebut mboko sithik ilang amarga macem-macem revolusi sosial lan ekonomi sing dirancang ing komunitas Melayu ing abad kaping 20. Kajaba iku, akeh wong Melayu uga dikenal melu perayaan kekaisaran kanggo ngurmati kraton ing kerajaan masing-masing. Fitur-fitur Islam uga nyulam kanthi kuat perayaan Melayu ing tataran individu, sawijining jukstaposisi sing kaiket karo ritual spiritual minangka wong [[Muslim]]. Wong Melayu biasane nganakake ''kenduri'', pesta upacara keagamaan kanggo ngrayakake utawa njaluk berkah kanggo sawijining acara. Ana sawetara variasi filosofis saka kenduri, wiwit saka ''Doa Selamat'' (njaluk sih rahmat lan perlindungan saka Gusti Allah), ''Kesyukuran'' (kanggo rasa syukur lan pangestu), ''Melenggang Perut'' (pijet upacara kanggo ibu sing lagi ngandhut anak pertamane), ''Aqiqah'' lan ''Cukur Jambul'' (upacara bayi anyar, kanggo ngrayakake urip anyar), ''Bertindik'' (upacara tindik pisanan kanggo bocah wadon), ''Khatam'' (upacara wisuda, sawise bocah maca [[Al-Qur'an]] kanthi lengkap kanggo pisanan), ''Khatan'' ([[tetak|sunat]]), ''Kahwin'' ([[nikah|pesta manten]]), ''Arwah'' utawa ''Tahlil'' (pandonga kanggo wong sing wis tilar donya), lan sawetara liyane. Acara iki biasane dianakake dening kulawarga lan biasane dibantu dening masyarakat ing sawijining acara sosial sing dikenal minangka ''Rewang'' utawa ''Gotong-royong''. Sajrone upacara iki, kabeh kulawarga bakal dibantu dening tangga teparo lan sedulure, sing masrahake macem-macem tugas wiwit saka nyiyapake panganan, manajemen papan, perakitan logistik, lan kontrol teknis liyane. Nanging, sawise munculé urbanisme ing komunitas Melayu kontemporer, praktik ''Rewang/Gotong-Royong'' mboko sithik digantikan karo layanan katering sing disewa dening kulawarga. === Musik === {{Main|Musik Melayu}} [[Musik Melayu]] iku sawijining [[genre musik]] [[lagu dhaèrah|tradhisional]] sing asale lan berkembang ing pesisir wétan [[Sumatra]], [[Kalimantan]], lan [[Jasirah Malaka|Semenanjung Malaya]].<ref>Sahputra, T. W. H., Martarosa, & Warhat, Z. (2019). ''[https://media.neliti.com/media/publications/408383-musik-jazz-melayu-dalam-kajian-kreativit-7b989836.pdf Musik jazz Melayu dalam kajian kreativitas]''. ''Melayu Arts and Performance Journal'', 2(2), 191–200. </ref> [[Musik]] iki biasane dinyanyekake dening wong-wong saka etnis Melayu lan asring diiringi tarian khas Melayu lokal, contone nawakake tarian ing acara utawa pesta tradhisional, nampani tamu kehormatan, lan ing kegiatan keagamaan.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Purba|first=Junaidi|last2=Putri|first2=Sabrina Maulidia|last3=Nelson|first3=Ricky|last4=Silaban|first4=Cahyani Yesika br|last5=Ridho|first5=Muhammad Habibur|last6=Andika|first6=Riki|last7=Sitorus|first7=Christina Harianti|last8=Sa|first8=Maulidha|last9=Dardanila|url=https://www.google.co.id/books/edition/TRANSFORMATION_OF_TRADITIONAL_ARTS_RESPO/mtaeEQAAQBAJ?hl=id&gbpv=0|title=TRANSFORMATION OF TRADITIONAL ARTS: RESPONDING TO THE CHALLENGES OF THE TIMES|publisher=Mawadra Lestari Enterprise|isbn=978-629-95611-1-8|pages=62|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Asbullah|first=Habib|last2=Rizkia|first2=Ayu|last3=Batrisya|last4=Julianto|first4=Deldi|last5=Pangestu|first5=Dimas|last6=Rania|first6=Dinda Safira|last7=Miranti|first7=Dwi|last8=Afrillia|first8=Ega|last9=Irianto|first9=Ega Deni|url=https://www.google.co.id/books/edition/Mengabadikan_Riau_Buku_I/WXsgEAAAQBAJ?hl=id&gbpv=0|title=Mengabadikan Riau: Buku I: Antologi Esai Kebudayaan|publisher=Penerbit Pustaka Rumah C1nta|isbn=978-623-7961-67-3|pages=95|language=id|url-status=live}}</ref> Sing menarik saka [[genre musik]] iki yaiku komposisine sing kasusun saka lirik lagu sing ngemot puisi sing diadaptasi karo urip saben dina, katresnan (kaya Dondang Sayang) lan kebak piwulang (pesen moral), kebak swara utawa vokal cengkok khas [[Melayu]], lan aransemen musik sing disusun kanthi rapi. Bebarengan karo perkembangan jaman, musik Melayu uga ngalami owah-owahan gaya musik, contone, musik iki uga ngalami fusi karo [[musik pop]], [[musik rock|rock]], lan [[dangdut]]. Aliran iki bisa ditemokaké ing negara-negara sing ana gandhèngané karo Melayu, kaya ta [[Indhonésia]], [[Malaysia]], [[Singapura]], lan [[Brunéi Darussalam]]. Ing wiwitan perkembangane, instrumen musik sing digunakake didominasi dening aksi [[rebana]] sing diarani Kompang saka [[Kabupatèn Panaraga|Ponorogo]], petik gambus, gesekan [[piyul]], nabuh akordeon, swara [[gong]], lan tiupan [[serunai]]. Iki dipengaruhi dening [[budaya]] tanah Arab lan [[Éropa]] tradisional. Bebarengan karo perkembangan teknologi, kabeh iki wis diganti karo instrumen musik elektronik awujud keyboard. Nanging, ing kegiatan tartamtu, instrumen musik tradisional isih digunakake kanggo nglestarikake warisan budaya. Ing perkembangane, gerakan iki populer ing taun 80-an lan malah mlebu era "puncak kejayaan" ing taun 90-an. Iki ditandhani karo tambah akeh penyanyi lan [[marchingband|band]] Melayu, lan pendatang anyar sing muncul kanthi lagu-lagu andalan dhewe. ===Olahan=== {{Main|Olahan Melayu}} [[Barkas:ASAM PEDAS IKAN PARI.jpg|thumb|''[[Asem pedhes|Asam pedas]]'', ''[[gulé|gulai]]'' sing kecut lan pedhes]] [[Olahan Melayu]] ditondoi kanthi panggunaan rempah-rempah aromatik, [[santen]], bahan-bahan fermentasi, lan jamu seger sing ekstensif, sing ngasilake masakan kanthi profil rasa sing kompleks lan kuat. Komponen-komponen masakan sing diwakili kalebu ''[[gulé|gulai]]'' (semur klapa), ''[[asem pedhes|asam pedas]]'' (semur asem lan pedhes), ''[[kupat|ketupat]]'' (lontong beras kompres sing umum digandhengake karo konsumsi perayaan), ''[[sega lenga|nasi minyak]]'' (sajian sega bumbu sing digawe karo ghee), ''[[rendhang|rendang]]'' (daging bumbu sing dimasak alon), ''[[sambel|sambal]]'' (bumbu adhedhasar lombok), ''[[krupuk|keropok]]'' (krupuk iwak utawa urang), ''[[kuih]]'' tradhisional (kue lan jajanan ukuran cokotan), ''[[jenang|dodol]]'' (kue manis adhedhasar klapa) lan olahan fermentasi kayata ''[[pekasam|perkasam]]''. Senajan nduweni dhasar kuliner sing padha, masakan Melayu regional nuduhake variasi sing cukup gedhe sing dibentuk dening geografi, sumber daya pertanian lokal, jaringan perdagangan, lan interaksi sejarah. Spesialisasi regional sing béda kalebu ''[[sega dagang|nasi dagang]]'', ''[[sega kerabu|nasi kerabu]]'' lan ''[[lékor|keropok lekor]]'' ing Pattani, [[Trengganu]] lan [[Kelantan]]; Pahang lan Perak kanggo masakan basis [[durian]] sawijining, ''[[gulé|gulai]]'' ''[[tempoyak]]''; [[Kedah]] lan [[Pulo Pinang]] kanggo ''[[laksa|asam laksa]]'' lan ''rojak'' gaya lor; Satun lan Perlis kanggo panganan cuci mulut ''bunga kuda''; [[Negeri Sembilan]] kanggo masakan ''lemak''; [[Melaka|Malaka]] kanggo ''[[cincalok]]'' pedhes; [[Singapura]] kanggo ''[[rujak|rojak bandung]]'' lan ''[[Roti Canai|roti prata]]''; [[Riau]] kanggo masakan ''ikan patin'' (iwak ''[[patin|Pangasius]]''), ''[[gulé|gulai]] ikan patin'' lan ''[[asem pedhes|asam pedas]] [[patin|ikan patin]]''; [[Kapuloan Riau]] kanggo ''sup ikan''; Wong Melayu Deli ing [[Sumatra Lor]] kanggo ''[[sega gorèng|nasi goreng]] [[iwak teri|teri]] medan'' lan ''[[gulé|gulai]] ketam'';{{sfn|Winarno|2010}} [[Jambi]] kanggo ''ikan mas panggang'' lan ''[[tempoyak]]''; Wong Melayu Palémbang ing [[Sumatra Kidul]] kanggo ''[[pèmpèk|pempek]]'', ''[[mi celor]]'' lan ''[[sega lenga|nasi minyak]]''; [[Kapuloan Bangka-Belitung|Bangka Belitung]] kanggo ''siput gonggong'' lan ''[[terang bulan]]''; [[Kalimantan Kulon]] lan [[Sarawak]] kanggo ''[[bubur pedhes|bubur pedas]]'' lan ''ayam pansuh''; lan [[Brunéi Darussalam]] kanggo Nasi katok lan sajian ''ambuyat'' unik. Ciri utama olahan Melayu tradhisional ora mangu-mangu yaiku panggunaan rempah-rempah sing akeh. [[Santen]] uga penting kanggo menehi rasa sing sugih lan lembut ing masakan Melayu. Bahan dhasar liyané yaiku ''[[trasi|belacan]]'' (tempe urang), sing digunakaké minangka dhasar ''sambal'', saus utawa bumbu sing sugih rasa sing digawé saka belacan, [[lombok abang|lombok]], bawang bombay, lan bawang putih. Masakan Melayu uga akeh nggunakake sereh lan lengkuas.{{sfn|Alexander|2006|p=58}} Meh saben dhaharan Melayu disuguhake karo sega, [[panganan baku|panganan pokok]] ing pirang-pirang budaya Asia Wétan liyane. Senajan ana macem-macem jinis masakan ing panganan Melayu, kabeh disuguhake sekaligus, ora sak porsi. Panganan dipangan kanthi alus nganggo driji tangan tengen, ora nganggo driji kiwa amarga digunakake kanggo wudhu pribadi, lan wong Melayu arang nggunakake piranti makan.{{sfn|Marshall Cavendish|2007|p=1222}} Amarga umume wong Melayu iku [[Muslim]], olahan Melayu ngetutake hukum diet [[halal]] Islam kanthi ketat. Asupan protein biasane dijupuk saka daging sapi, kebo, wedhus, lan wedhus, lan uga kalebu unggas lan iwak. Babi lan daging non-halal, uga alkohol dilarang lan ora ana ing panganan saben dinane wong Melayu. [[Nasi lemak]], sega sing dimasak nganggo [[santen]] sing pekat, mbokmenawa minangka masakan paling populer ing kutha lan desa-desa Melayu. Nasi lemak dianggep minangka [[olahan nasional]] [[Malaysia]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Nasi Lemak |website= Malaysia.com |url= http://www.malaysia.com/nasi-lemak-food.html |access-date=18 Oktober 2026 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150511161416/http://malaysia.com/nasi-lemak-food.html |archive-date=11 Mèi 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref> Dene ''Nasi Minyak'' lan ''Nasi Hujan Panas'', sega sing dipanggang karo ghee lan rempah-rempah, dianggep minangka sajian upacara kanggo acara-acara khusus, utamane nalika pesta manten tradhisional Melayu. === Sastra === [[Barkas:Hkyt merong mahawgsa.jpg|thumb|Hikayat Merong Mahawangsa ing teks [[Aksara Gundhil|Jawi]]. Uga dikenal minangka Sejarah Kedah, iki minangka sastra Melayu kuna sing nyritakake garis keturunan Merong Mahawangsa lan madege [[Kedah]].]] {{Main|Sastra Melayu}} Sastra lisan lan sastra klasik wong Melayu ngemot akeh potret wong-wong, wiwit jaman kuna nganti jaman kontemporer.{{sfn|Littrup|1996|p=192}} Ing sastra Melayu, ana sawetara jinis puisi, yaiku [[parikan|Pantun]], Syair, lan Gurindam. Wangun [[sastra]] Melayu paling awal yaiku sastra lisan lan subjek utama yaiku [[folklor]] tradhisional sing ana gandhengane karo [[alam]], kewan, lan manungsa. Folklor Melayu klasik kasusun saka lagu lan musik tradhisional, puisi kepahlawanan, dongeng kewan, crita memedi, kedadeyan ing jaman kepungkur, dongeng, crita simbolis, mitos, lan crita bardik. Saben crita nduweni energi dhewe-dhewe babagan karakter, semangat, latar, lan crita, lan umume digawe kanthi tujuan kanggo menehi rasa seneng, bimbingan, pendidikan, pengeling-eling, penjelasan, lan liya-liyane. Cerita rakyat kasebut diapalake lan diwarisake saka generasi siji menyang generasi sabanjure. Kathah dongeng-dongeng menika ugi dipunserat dening ''penglipur lara'' (para tukang crita) tuladhanipun: ''Hikayat Malim Dewa'', ''Hikayat Malim Deman'', ''Hikayat Raja Donan'', ''Hikayat Anggun Cik Tunggal'', lan ''Hikayat Awang Sulung Merah Muda''. Nalika pengaruh India mlebu ing Kapuloan Melayu udakara 2000 taun kepungkur, [[sastra Melayu]] wiwit nggabungake unsur-unsur India. [[Sastra]] ing jaman iki akèh-akèhé awujud terjemahan saka sastra lan roman Sansekerta, utawa paling ora sawetara produksi sing diilhami déning sastra lan roman kasebut, lan kebak kiasan kanggo mitologi Hindu. Mbokmenawa nganti wektu wiwitan iki bisa ditelusuri karya-karya kayata ''[[Hikayat Seri Rama]]'' (terjemahan gratis saka ''[[Ramayana]]''), ''Hikayat Bayan Budiman'' (adaptasi saka Śukasaptati) lan ''Hikayat Panca Tanderan'' (adaptasi saka ''Hitopadesha'').<ref name="popular science 1899">{{harvnb|Ford|1899|pp=379–381}}</ref> Jaman sastra Melayu klasik diwiwiti sawisé tekané [[Islam]] lan ditemokaké [[aksara Gundhil|aksara Jawi]] (aksara Melayu adhedhasar [[aksara Arab|Arab]]). Wiwit kuwi, kapercayan lan konsep Islam wiwit menehi tandha ing sastra Melayu. Watu Prasasti Terengganu, sing digawe taun 1303, minangka tulisan naratif Melayu paling awal sing dikenal. Watu iki diukir nganggo aksara Jawi babagan sejarah, hukum, lan roman.<ref name="Marshall Cavendish 2007 1218">{{harvnb|Marshall Cavendish|2007|p=1218}}</ref> Ing jaman kejayaane, Kesultanan Malaka ora mung dadi pusat Islamisasi, nanging uga dadi pusat ekspresi budaya Melayu kalebu sastra. Sajrone jaman iki, karya-karya sastra Timur Tengah sing misuwur diterjemahake lan buku-buku agama ditulis nganggo [[basa Malayu]]. Antarane karya terjemahan sing misuwur yaiku ''Hikayat Muhammad Hanafiah'' lan ''Hikayat Amir Hamzah''. Kebangkitan kasusastran Melayu ing jaman kasebut uga ditulis dening karya sastra asli liyane sing diwarnai dening [[tasawuf]] mistik Timur Tengah, karya-karya Hamzah Fansuri sing misuwur kayata ''Asrar al-Arifin'' (''Rahsia Orang yang Bijaksana''; Rahasia Wong Wicaksana), ''Sharab al-Asyikin'' (''Minuman Segala Orang yang Berahi''; Ombenan kanggo Kabeh Wong sing Semangat) lan ''Zinat al-Muwahidin'' (''Perhiasan Sekalian Orang yang Mengesakan''; Hiasan kanggo Kabeh Wong sing Setia) bisa katon minangka opera magna jaman. [[File:Wayang Kulit Kelantan-Patani.jpg|thumb|upright=1.5|[[Wayang kulit|Wayang Kulit]] gaya Kelantan-Patani sing nyritakake kisah heroik [[Hikayat Seri Rama]].]] Karya sastra Melayu sing paling penting mbokmenawa yaiku Sejarah Melayu utawa [[Sulalatus Salatin]] sing misuwur. Iki diarani "karya sastra Melayu sing paling misuwur, khas, lan paling apik" dening salah sawijining sarjana paling misuwur ing babagan studi Melayu, Sir Richard O. Winstedt.{{sfn|Boyd|1999|p=756}} Tanggal pasti karangan lan identitas pangripta asline ora mesthi, nanging miturut prentahe Sultan Alauddin Riaayat Shah III saka Johor ing taun 1612, Tun Sri Lanang ngawasi proses editorial lan kompilasi Sejarah Melayu.{{sfn|Jaaffar|Hussain|Ahmad|1992|p=260}} Ing abad kaping 19, sastra Melayu nampa sawetara tambahan penting, kalebu ''Kitab Ilmu Bedil'' (Buku Senjata Tradisional) sing nyedhiyakake rincian penting babagan amunisi lan persenjataan tradhisional Melayu. Jaman kasebut uga nyakseni panggunaan jurnal medis Melayu sing luwih akeh, sing dikenal minangka ''Kitab Tib''. Karya-karya iki pancen penting amarga dadi referensi kanggo kawruh lan teknologi Melayu nalika jaman klasik.<ref>{{cite web |title=Kitab Ilmu Bedil – Book of Malay Traditional Weaponry (2016) |date=10 Juli 2016 |website=The Memory of the World Committee for Asia and the Pacific |url=http://www.mowcapunesco.org/register/kitab-ilmu-bedil-ms-101-or-book-of-malay-traditional-weaponry-2016/ |access-date=21 Oktober 2026 |archive-date=3 Dhésèmber 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203224429/http://www.mowcapunesco.org/register/kitab-ilmu-bedil-ms-101-or-book-of-malay-traditional-weaponry-2016/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Naskah-naskah Melayu abad kaping 19 liyane ditulis ing Sumatra, kalebu ''Kitab Pengetahuan Bahasa'' (Buku Kawruh Linguistik) dening Raja Ali Haji lan ''Perhimpunan Gunawan bagi Laki-Laki dan Perempuan'' (Kompendium Jimat kanggo Pria lan Wanita) dening Khatijah Terung, garwane Raja Haji Abdullah bin Raja Hassan.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Musa |first=Mohd Faizal |date=2021 |title=Transcripts of Gender, Intimacy, and Islam in Southeast Asia: The "Outrageous" Texts of Raja Ali Haji and Khatijah Terung |journal=Religions |language=en |volume=12 |issue=3 |page=219 |doi=10.3390/rel12030219 |issn=2077-1444|doi-access=free }}</ref> Ing abad sing padha uga ana owah-owahan monumental ing sastra Melayu liwat tulisan-tulisané [[Abdullah bin Abdulkadir Munsyi|Abdullah bin Abdul Kadir]], sawijining munshi [[Singapura]] sing misuwur lair ing [[Melaka|Malaka]].<ref name="popular science 1899" /> Abdullah dianggep minangka wong Melayu paling berbudaya sing tau nulis,<ref name="popular science 1899" /> salah sawijining inovator paling gedhe ing sastra Melayu<ref name="Sneddon 2003 59"/> lan bapak sastra Melayu modern.<ref name="Marshall Cavendish 2007 1218"/> Karya-karyanipun ingkang paling wigati inggih punika ''[[Hikayat Abdullah]]'' (otobiografi), ''Kisah Pelayaran Abdullah ke Kelantan'' (crita babagan lelampahane kanggo pamrentah menyang [[Kelantan]]), lan ''Kisah Pelayaran Abdullah ke Mekah'' (crita babagan [[kaji|ziarah]] menyang [[Mekah]] taun 1854). Karya-karyané dadi inspirasi kanggo generasi penulis ing mangsa ngarep lan nandhani tahap awal transisi saka sastra Melayu klasik menyang sastra Melayu modern.<ref name="Sneddon 2003 59"/> === Seni pertunjukan === [[Barkas:Joget Gamelan 1937.jpg|thumb|Pagelaran Joget Gamelan, 1937]] Wong Melayu duwé maneka warna musik lan tari sing minangka gabungan saka macem-macem pengaruh budaya. Genre-genre sing khas wiwit saka tari rakyat Melayu tradhisional kaya ta Mak Yong nganti tari Zapin sing dipengaruhi Arab. Gerakan koreografi uga maneka warna, saka langkah lan melodi sing prasaja ing Dikir barat nganti gerakan sing rumit ing Joget Gamelan. Musik tradhisional Melayu umumé musik perkusi. Maneka warna [[gong]] nyedhiyakake irama kanggo akeh tarian. Ana uga [[drum]] kanthi maneka warna ukuran, wiwit saka ''rebana ubi'' gedhe sing digunakake kanggo nandhani acara penting nganti ''rebana cilik'' (kendhang pigura) sing digunakake minangka iringan kanggo pengajian vokal ing upacara keagamaan.{{sfn|Moore|1998|p=48}} [[Barkas:KITLV - 3676 - Lambert & Co., G.R. - Singapore - Mahjong dance and drama at Penang Island - circa 1903.tif|thumb|left|Sakumpulan penari Melayu Siam sing nampilake Mak Yong (kira-kira abad kaping 19). Ing taun 2005, iki diakoni minangka salah sawijining karya agung warisan lisan lan ora nyata manungsa dening [[UNESCO]].]] Musik nobat dadi bagéan saka Regalia Kraton Melayu wiwit tekané Islam ing abad kaping 12 lan mung ditampilaké ing upacara-upacara penting kraton. Orkestrane kalebu instrumen suci lan dihormati banget yaiku ''nehara'' ([[kendang]]), ''gendang'' (kendang sirah loro), ''nafiri'' (trompet), ''[[serunai]]'' (oboe), lan kadhangkala gong kenop lan sepasang simbal.{{sfn|Marshall Cavendish|2007|p=1220}} Pengaruh India kuwat banget ing drama bayangan tradisional sing dikenal minangka [[wayang kulit|Wayang Kulit]], ing ngendi crita-crita saka epik [[Hindhu]]; [[Ramayana]] & [[Mahabharata]] dadi repertoar utama. Ana papat jinis teater wayang sing khas sing bisa ditemokake ing Semenanjung Malaya; ''Wayang Gedek'', ''Wayang Purwa'', ''Wayang Melayu'' lan ''Wayang Siam''.{{sfn|Srinivasa|2003|p=296}}{{sfn|Ghulam Sarwar Yousof|1997|p=3}}{{sfn|Matusky|1993|pp=8–11}} Sanajan mangkono, seni lan crita ''Wayang Purwa'' lan ''Wayang Siam'' nuduhake pengaruh regional sing nyawiji karo wong Jawa lan Siam, dene ''Wayang Melayu'' lan ''Wayang Gedek'' nyritakake bentuk lan busana Melayu sing luwih asli. Seni pertunjukan Melayu liyane sing kondhang yaiku; Teater ''[[Bangsawan]]'', ''Dondang Sayang'' seneng balada lan tari ''Mak Inang'' saka Kasultanan Malaka, ''Jikey'' lan ''Mek Mulung'' saka [[Kedah]], tari ''Asyik'' lan drama tari ''Menora'' saka Patani lan [[Kelantan]], Tari ''Ulek mayang'' lan ''Rodat'' saka [[Trengganu]], Teater ''Boria'' saka [[pulo Pinang|Penang]], Tari ''Canggung'' saka Perlis, Lagu-lagu narasi ''Mukun'' saka [[Brunéi Darussalam]] lan [[Sarawak]],{{sfn|Marzuki bin Haji Mohd Seruddin|2009}}<ref name="Ahmad Salehuddin 2009">{{harvnb|Ahmad Salehuddin|2009}}</ref> lan [[Gending Sriwijaya]] saka [[Kutha Palémbang|Palémbang]], lan ''Serampang Dua Belas'' saka Serdang.<ref name="Ahmad Salehuddin 2009"/> Zapin Api firedance saka [[Riau]] lan Dikir barat Singapura saka [[Singapura]]. === Seni rupa === [[Barkas:Burung Petala Indera I.png|thumb|Burung Petala Indra, manuk mitos raksasa sing digawe kanggo parade [[tetak|sunat]] agung pangeran [[Kelantan]].]] Seni ukir kayu minangka bagéyan saka [[seni rupa]] Melayu klasik. Wong Melayu sacara tradhisional nghias monumen, prau, senjata, makam, alat musik, lan piranti-piranti kuna kanthi motif flora, kaligrafi, geometri, lan fitur kosmik. Seni iki ditindakake kanthi mbusak sebagian kayu nganggo piranti sing landhep lan ngetutake pola, komposisi, lan urutan tartamtu. Bentuk seni iki, sing dikenal minangka ''ukir'', dianggep minangka tumindak pengabdian para pengrajin marang sing nitahake lan hadiah kanggo sesamane.{{sfn|Said|2005}} Bentuk seni iki utamane disebabake dening akehe kayu ing Kepulauan Melayu lan uga dening katrampilan para pengukir kayu sing ngidini wong Melayu praktik ngukir kayu minangka kerajinan. Latar tropis alami ing ngendi flora lan fauna akeh wis menehi inspirasi kanggo motif kanggo digambarake kanthi bentuk abstrak utawa bergaya ing papan kayu. Kanthi rawuhe Islam, bentuk geometris lan kaligrafi Islam dikenalake ing ukiran kayu. Kayu sing digunakake biasane saka spesies kayu atos tropis sing dikenal awet lan bisa tahan serangan jamur, kumbang sepatu bot listrik, lan rayap.{{sfn|Said|2002}} Omah-omah tradhisional Melayu utawa masjid biasane dihiasi nganggo luwih saka 20 ukiran. Ukiran ing tembok lan panel ngidini angin sirkulasi kanthi efektif mlebu lan metu saka bangunan lan bisa ngidini sinar srengenge madhangi njero struktur kasebut. Ing wektu sing padha, bayangan sing digawe dening panel uga bakal nggawe bayangan adhedhasar motif sing nambah kaendahan ing lantai. Dadi, komponen sing diukir nduweni fungsi fungsional lan estetika. === Grabah === [[Barkas:Sayong.jpg|thumb|''Labu Sayong'' warna ebony, kendi Melayu klasik saka Kuala Kangsar, Perak, Malaysia]] Ing budaya Melayu, [[grabah]] ora mung dideleng minangka piranti rumah tangga. Iki dianggep minangka karya [[kagunan]], paradigma bakat, disulam karo estetika, warisan, ketekunan lan pengabdian agama. Tanah liat Melayu biasane ora diglasir, kanthi desain hias diukir nalika gerabah setengah garing sajrone proses konstruksi.<ref name="Travel Malaysia 2012">{{cite web |title= Malaysian Handicraft – Pottery |website= Go2Travelmalaysia.com |url= http://go2travelmalaysia.com/tour_malaysia/pottery.htm |access-date= 22 Oktober 2026 |archive-date= 21 Novèmber 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20171121031048/http://go2travelmalaysia.com/tour_malaysia/pottery.htm |url-status= live }}</ref> Miturut sawetara panliten,<ref name="Azmi Arifin 2015">{{harvnb|Azmi Arifin|2015}}</ref> industri keramik Melayu asli wis berkembang sacara pribumi wiwit jaman kuna lan wiwit saiki wis nggambarake kecanggihan budaya tingkat tinggi. Uga wis dicathet yen fitur desain gerabah Melayu nuduhake ora anane [[globalisasi|pengaruh manca]] sadurunge abad kaping 19, sawijining paradoks amarga anane kontak budaya sing jembar antarane wong Melayu lan jagad njaba.<ref name="Azmi Arifin 2015"/> Ing antarane keramik tradhisional Melayu sing misuwur kalebu ''Mambong'' saka [[Kelantan]], sing digawe saka lempung lan diidentifikasi nganggo warna terakota. Biasane dianggep minangka piranti masak. Ing pesisir kulon, ''Labu Sayong'' warna ireng saka Kuala Kangsar diajeni amarga toples sing digawe saka waluh. Ana uga sawetara varian saka ''Labu'', kalebu ''Labu Tela'', ''Labu Kepala'', ''Labu Gelugor Tela'' lan ''Labu Gelugor Kepala''.<ref name="Travel Malaysia 2012"/> Wangun liya saka gerabah tradhisional Melayu yaiku: ''Belanga'', umume duwe pinggiran sing amba lan dhasar sing bunder, panci kasebut biasane digerakake kanggo masak [[kari]]. Dipercaya manawa struktur lemah bakal mbantu panas disebarake kanthi rata, sing ana gandhengane karo dhasare sing bunder. Versi ''Belanga'' sing luwih cilik diarani ''periok'', digunakake kanggo nyiyapake [[wos|beras]]; ''Buyong'', sing umume ditegesi kanthi krah lurus lan awak bunder, asring digunakake minangka kendi banyu; ''Terenang'', ''Terenang'' sing sudut digunakake minangka tabung, utamane ing wilayah pesisir Melayu [[Kelantan]], Patani lan [[Terengganu]]; ''Bekas Bara'', wadhah cilik, biasane digawe kanggo nggunakake dupa; ''Jambangan'', vas tradhisional Melayu, biasane kanggo tujuan estetika lan ''Geluk'', papan panyimpenan banyu cilik.{{sfn|Cikgu Paklong|2017}} === Sandhangan tradhisional === [[Barkas:Busana Melayu.jpg|thumb|Wong lanang Melayu ing ''busana Melayu'', gaya tradhisional busana Melayu]] Sandhangan lan tekstil tradhisional Melayu wis terus owah wiwit jaman kuna. Sacara historis, wong Melayu kuna dicathet nggabungake maneka warna bahan alami minangka sumber penting kanggo kain, sandhangan, lan sandhangan. Nanging ing jaman biyen, nalika para pedagang awal teka saka wetan lan kulon menyang pelabuhan Kepulauan Melayu, padha bebarengan tuku barang-barang mewah anyar, kalebu katun lan sutra sing apik. Sandhangan kasebut banjur dadi sumber mode Melayu sing dhuwur lan nduweni peran budaya minangka identitas sing ngiket ing Nusantara, utamane ing semenanjung, Sumatra lan wilayah pesisir Kalimantan.{{sfn|Hassan|2016}} Ing budaya Melayu, sandhangan lan tekstil dianggep minangka simbol kaendahan, kekuasaan, lan status. Akeh cathetan ing hikayat Melayu nandheske papan khusus sing dikuwasani tekstil.{{sfn|Maznah Mohammad|1996|p=2}} Industri tenun tangan Melayu bisa dilacak asal-usule wiwit abad kaping 13 nalika jalur perdagangan wétan berkembang ing jaman Dinasti Song. Sebutan babagan tekstil gawean lokal uga dominasi tenunan ing [[Jasirah Malaka]] digawe ing macem-macem cathetan Tiongkok lan Arab.{{sfn|Maznah Mohammad|1996|p=19}} Antarane tekstil Melayu sing kondhang yaiku [[Songkèt]], [[Bathik]], ''Telepok'', ''Limar'', ''Tenun'', ''Kelingkam'', ''Cindai'', ''Pelangi'' lan ''Tekad''. Sandhangan Melayu klasik maneka warna ing saben wilayah, nanging sandhangan tradisional sing paling jero ing jaman saiki yaiku Baju Kurung (kanggo wanita) lan Baju Melayu (kanggo pria), sing loro-lorone diakoni minangka sandhangan nasional kanggo [[Malaysia]] lan [[Brunéi Darussalam]], lan uga dienggo dening komunitas Melayu ing [[Indhonésia]], [[Singapura]], [[Filipina]], [[Myanmar]] lan [[Thai]]land. [[Barkas:HariRayaMalaykids.jpg|thumb|left|Bocah-bocah Melayu nganggo klambi adat nalika [[Idul Fitri]]]] Tembung ''Baju Kurung'', sing sacara sastra ditegesi minangka "mbunteli awak" sing nganggo, dirancang adhedhasar prinsip-prinsip Islam babagan kesopanan, wicaksana, lan andhap asor. Praktek iki padha karo doktrin agama Yahudi-Kristen, amarga memamerkan bagian awak sing intim dianggep dilarang ing Islam. Interpretasi kasebut banjur diserap menyang cara berpakaian lan perspektif budaya Melayu, iki bisa dideleng kanthi cetha nalika pamrentahan Mansur Shah saka Malaka ing abad kaping 15, sultan nglarang rakyat Muslim wanita ing ngarep umum supaya ora mung nganggo sarung saka dhadha mudhun. Sajrone jaman biyen, Baju Kurung Melayu ngalami sawetara reinkarnasi sadurunge njupuk wujud kaya saiki. Amarga jembare maneka warna karajan Melayu ing Nuswantara, pola desain Baju Kurung uga bisa dideleng ing wilayah kasebut, kalebu [[Bengkulu]], [[Kedah]], [[Jambi]], Johor-Riau, Pahang lan [[Kutha Palémbang|Palémbang]].{{sfn|Hassan|2016}} Mode Baju Kurung sing cocog kanggo wong lanang diarani "Baju Melayu". Bagean ndhuwur sandhangan digawe kanthi desain geometris sing meh padha karo Baju Kurung lan umume dipasangake karo kain tenun sing dikenal minangka sarung. Pola sarung bisa uga kalebu simbol status perkawinan wong kasebut utawa pangkate ing masyarakat Melayu tradhisional.{{sfn|Hassan|2016}} Sandhangan Melayu klasik umum liyané kanggo wong lanang kalebu ''baju'' (klambi) utawa ''tekua'' (jinis klambi lengen dawa), ''baju rompi'' (rompi), ''kancing'', ''celana'' sikil cilik ([[clana]]), [[sarung]] sing dienggo ing pinggul, ''capal'' (sandal), lan ''tanjak'' utawa ''tengkolok'' (tutup sirah); kanggo para bangsawan, ''baju sikap'' utawa ''baju layang'' (jinis jas) lan ''pending'' (gesper sabuk hias) uga sinonim kanggo dienggo minangka sandhangan resmi. Uga lumrah yen ''Pendekar'' (prajurit Melayu) nduweni [[keris]] sing diselipake ing lipatan ngarep sarung. Beda karo Baju Melayu sing isih dienggo mung minangka sandhangan upacara, Baju Kurung dienggo saben dina sajrone setaun dening mayoritas wanita Melayu. Katon pegawai negeri sipil wanita, pekerja profesional, lan mahasiswa nganggo Baju Kurung iku lumrah ing [[Malaysia]] lan [[Brunéi Darussalam]]. ===Seni bela diri=== [[Barkas:Singaporean female pesilat - 20080222.jpg|thumb|Praktisi silat wanita saka [[Singapura]]]] Silat lan varian-variané bisa ditemokaké ing saindenging [[donya Melayu]]: Semenanjung Malaya (kalebu [[Singapura]]), [[Kapuloan Riau]], [[Sumatra]] lan wilayah pesisir [[Kalimantan]]. Bukti arkeologi nuduhake yen, ing abad kaping 6, seni tempur formal wis dipraktekke ing Semenanjung Melayu lan Sumatra.{{sfn|James|1994|p=73}} Wangun Silat paling awal diyakini wis dikembangake lan digunakake ing angkatan bersenjata kerajaan Melayu kuna Langkasuka (abad kaping 2){{sfn|Alexander|2006|p=225}}{{sfn|Abd. Rahman Ismail|2008|p=188}} lan [[praja Sriwijaya|Sriwijaya]] (abad kaping 7). Pengaruh kesultanan Melayu Malaka, Johor, Pattani, lan Brunéi wis nyumbang marang panyebaran seni bela diri iki ing Kapuloan Melayu. Liwat labirin saluran segara lan kapiler kali sing rumit sing nggampangake ijol-ijolan lan perdagangan ing saindenging wilayah kasebut, Silat mlaku menyang alas udan sing padhet lan munggah menyang pegunungan. [[Laksamana]] Hang Tuah saka Malaka sing legendaris iku salah siji ''pesilat'' paling misuwur ing sejarah{{sfn|Green|2001|p=802}} lan malah dianggep dening sawetara wong minangka bapak silat Melayu.{{sfn|Sheikh Shamsuddin|2005|p=195}} Wiwit jaman klasik, Silat Melayu ngalami diversifikasi sing gedhe lan mbentuk apa sing saiki diakoni sacara tradhisional minangka sumber [[pencak silat|Pencak Silat]] Indhonésia lan bentuk Silat liyane ing [[Asia Kidul-wétan]].{{sfn|Draeger|1992|p=23}}{{sfn|Farrer|2009|p=28}} Saliyané Silat, Tomoi uga dipraktekké déning wong Melayu, mliginé ing wilayah lor [[Jasirah Malaka]]. Iki minangka varian saka bentuk kickboxing Indo-Cina sing diyakini wis nyebar ing daratan Asia Kidul-wétan wiwit jaman Kekaisaran Funan (68 Masehi). === Pakaryan logam === [[Barkas:Bunga Mas (Muzium Negara).jpg|thumb|[[Bunga mas|Bunga Mas]], Museum Nasional Malaysia. ''Bunga Mas'' ditawakake negara-negara Melayu sisih lor, [[Trengganu]], [[Kelantan]], [[Kedah]], Pattani, Nong Chik, Yala, Rangae, Kubang Pasu lan Setul marang [[Krajan Ayutthaya|Raja Ayutthaya]] ([[Thai|Siam]]) minangka pralambang kasetyan.]] Ing awal abad kaping 17, emas, perak, [[wesi]], lan kuningan wis dibentuk kanthi sampurna dadi bagean saka masyarakat Melayu. Jaman kasebut nyakseni karya-karya logam nampa perlindungan kerajaan sing kritis. Akeh pakaryan logam Melayu sing dadi bukti jaman iki, wiwit saka [[keris]] Melayu aneh sing dikenal minangka Keris sing digawe saka wesi, nganti perhiasan mewah sing digawe saka emas lan perak. Kanggo para bangsawan Melayu sajrone periode iki, karya-karya pending (gesper sabuk hias sing dihias nganggo [[watu permata|watu mulia]]), ''keronsang'' (bros) lan ''cucuk sanggul'' (jepit rambut) dipentasake dadi salah sawijining barang busana sing paling digoleki. Jaman kasebut uga dadi papan kanggo nyimpen sawetara barang penting liyane ing sandhangan Melayu sing digawe saka emas, kalebu kothak upacara, ''Tepak sirih'' (wadhah sirih) lan bagean-bagean keris. Seni ngolah emas umume ditindakake kanthi teknik repoussé lan granulasi, sing isih bisa dideleng nganti saiki. Ing jaman saiki, perhiasan emas Melayu utamane ditemokake ing wujud gelang kaki, gelang, ali-ali, kalung, liontin, lan anting-anting.<ref name="Malaysia Handicrafts ~ Gold Silver & Brass 2011">{{cite web |title= Malaysia Handicrafts ~ Gold Silver & Brass |website= Go2Travelmalaysia.com |url= http://go2travelmalaysia.com/tour_malaysia/gold_silv.htm |access-date= 23 Oktober 2026 |archive-date= 19 Mèi 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180519135144/http://go2travelmalaysia.com/tour_malaysia/gold_silv.htm |url-status= live }}</ref><ref name="Karyaneka 2013">{{cite web |last=Karyaneka |title=Metal Work |publisher=Syarikat Pemasaran Karyaneka Sdn. Bhd. |url= http://www.karyaneka.com.my/english/tablet/metal-work.html |access-date=23 Oktober 2026 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180324135832/http://www.karyaneka.com.my/english/tablet/metal-work.html |archive-date=24 Maret 2018 }}</ref> Kanggo piranti perak Melayu, karya perak cukup misuwur amarga desain sing canggih lan apik. Biasane digawe nganggo teknik repousse, filigree, lan niello. Barang-barang tradhisional Melayu sing umum digawe saka perak kalebu ujung bantal, gesper sabuk, pojok montok, sumbat wadhah banyu, sarung keris lan kothak rokok. ''Awan Larat'' (pola mega) lan ''Kerawang'' (motif nabati) kalebu desain populer kanggo pucuk bantal perak lan kothak rokok hias Melayu.<ref name="Malaysia Handicrafts ~ Gold Silver & Brass 2011"/> Panggunaan barang kuningan ngluwihi akeh kelas sosial Melayu klasik, digunakake dening para bangsawan lan rakyat jelata. Popularitas barang kuningan akeh dipengaruhi amarga daya tahan, kualitas, lan regane terjangkau kanggo kabeh wong. Piranti kuningan bisa dipérang dadi rong warna, kuningan kanggo barang-barang fungsional lan putih kanggo tujuan dekorasi. Asring digawe kanthi teliti lan dihias nganggo maneka warna desain dekorasi kanthi motif [[seni rupa Islam|agama]] lan kembang. Nanging, panggunaan kuningan paling dikenal kanggo Tepak Sireh, wadhah upacara kanggo sirih lan kanggo nggawe instrumen musik tartamtu kayata [[Gong]] kanggo orkestra [[Gamelan]] Melayu klasik. Saliyané iku, barang-barang tradhisional Melayu liyané sing digawe saka logam kalebu vas kembang, taburan parfum, nampan saji, panci masak, ceret, lan dupa.<ref name="Malaysia Handicrafts ~ Gold Silver & Brass 2011"/><ref name="Karyaneka 2013"/> ===Dolanan tradhisional=== [[Barkas:Finished wau and wau frame.JPG|thumb|right|Bengkel tukang Wau ing [[Kelantan]], [[Malaysia]]. Layangan jinis aneh iki bisa ditemokake ing pesisir lor-wetan Semenanjung Melayu.]] Dolanan Melayu tradhisional lumrahé mbutuhaké katrampilan kerajinan lan ketangkasan manual lan bisa dilacak asal-usulé wiwit jaman Kesultanan Malaka. ''Sepak Raga'' lan [[layangan]] kalebu dolanan tradhisional sing kasebut ing [[Sulalatus Salatin|Sejarah Melayu]] sing dimainake dening para bangsawan lan kraton kesultanan Melayu.{{sfn|Leyden|1821|p=261}}{{sfn|Lockard|2009|p=48}}{{sfn|Ooi|2004|p=1357}} ''Sepak Raga'' minangka salah sawijining dolanan Melayu sing paling populer lan wis dimainake nganti pirang-pirang abad. Sacara tradhisional, Sepak raga dimainake kanthi muter-muter kanthi nendhang lan njaga bal rotan supaya tetep munggah nggunakake bagean awak apa wae kajaba lengen lan tangan. Saiki diakoni minangka olahraga{{sfn|Ziegler|1972|p=41}}{{sfn|McNair|2002|p=104}} nasional Malaysia lan dimainake ing acara olahraga internasional kayata [[Pèsta Ulahraga Asia|Asian Games]] lan [[Pista Ulah raga Asia Kidul Wétan|Southeast Asian Games]]. Dolanan populer liyané yaiku [[gangsingan|''Gasing'' muter]] sing biasané dimainaké sawisé mangsa panèn. Dibutuhake katrampilan sing apik kanggo ngasilake ''Gasing'' (ndhuwur) sing paling kompetitif, sawetara bisa diputer nganti rong jam saben wektu.<ref name="Alexander 2006 51">{{harvnb|Alexander|2006|p=51}}</ref> Mungkin dolanan Melayu sing paling populer yaiku ''Wau'' (jinis layangan unik saka pesisir wétan Semenanjung Malaya) utawa mabur layangan. Kompetisi mabur wau dianakake karo juri sing menehi poin kanggo keahliane (''Wau'' iku obyek sing ayu lan warni-warni sing dipasang ing pigura pring), swara (kabeh layangan Melayu dirancang kanggo nggawe swara tartamtu nalika diombang-ambingake ing angin) lan ketinggian.<ref name="Alexander 2006 51"/> Wong Melayu uga duwe varian dolanan papan [[Mancala]] sing dikenal minangka [[Dhakon|Congkak]]. Dolanan iki dimainake kanthi ngobahake watu, kelereng, manik-manik utawa cangkang ing sakubenge papan kayu sing kasusun saka rolas bolongan utawa luwih. Mancala diakoni minangka dolanan paling tuwa ing donya lan bisa dilacak asal-usule wiwit [[Mesir Kuna]]. Nalika dolanan iki nyebar ing saindenging jagad, saben budaya wis nemokake variasi dhewe-dhewe kalebu wong Melayu.{{sfn|Alexander|2006|p=52}} ==Sub-ètnis== {{Uga deleng|Wong Melayu Malaysia|Wong Melayu Indhonésia|Wong Melayu Brunéi|Wong Melayu Singapura}} [[Barkas:Indonesia Ethnic Groups Map - EN.svg|thumb|center|upright=3.0|Kratoning wong Melayu digambarake kanthi warna ijo lan klompok sub-ètnis liyane sing ana gandhengane digambarake kanthi warna ijo sing luwih peteng utawa luwih enom.]] Senajan mung 3,4% saka total populasi, etnis Melayu minangka salah sawijining etnis sing paling akeh nyebar ing Indonesia. Kaya sing dituduhake ing peta, ing njaba [[pratélan pulo ing Indonésia|Kapuloan Indhonésia]], wong Melayu manggon ing [[Jasirah Malaka|Semenanjung Malaya]], mbentuk golongan ètnik dominan ing Semenanjung Malaysia lan minoritas sing signifikan ing [[Singapura]], [[Thai]] lan [[Myanmar]] kidul. Koridor wilayah Melayu Kalimantan diwiwiti saka sisih lor saka [[Sabah]] kidul-kulon, terus karo negara [[Brunéi Darussalam]], pesisir [[Sarawak]] lan terus mudhun menyang [[Kalimantan (Wewengkon Indhonésiya)|Kalimantan]].{{lower |0.4em|{{sfn|Yunos|Begawan|2011}}}} {| class="wikitable" |- ! style="text-align: center; background: #aacccc;"|Golongan ètnik ! style="text-align: center; background: #aacccc;"|Wilayah sejarah ! style="text-align: center; background: #aacccc;"|Wilayah kanthi populasi sing signifikan |- valign="top" | Wong Melayu Bangka lan Belitung | | * {{flagicon image|Flag of Bangka-Belitung.svg}} [[Kapuloan Bangka-Belitung]] |- valign="top" | Wong Melayu Bangkok{{sfn|Umaiyah Haji Omar|2003}}{{sfn|Umaiyah Haji Omar|2007}} | | * {{flagicon image|Seal Bangkok.png}} Min Buri, Nong Chok<br />{{flagicon image|Seal Pathum Thani.png}} Lam Luk Ka, Mueang Pathum<br />{{flagicon image|Seal Ayutthaya.png}} Provinsi Ayutthaya |- valign="top" | Wong Melayu Bengkulu | | * {{flag|Bengkulu}} |- valign="top" | Wong Melayu Berau | * Kasultanan Berau (1377–1830) * Kasultanan Gunung Tabur (1810–1945) * Kasultanan Sambaliung (1810–1945) | * {{flagicon image|Coat of arms of Berau Regency.svg}} [[Kabupatèn Berau]] |- valign="top" | Wong Bugis-Melayu<ref name="Karim">{{harvnb|Gulrose Karim|1990|p=74}}</ref><ref name="Joseph">{{harvnb|Joseph|Najmabadi|2006|p=436}}</ref>(kelompok Melayu keturunan [[wong Bugis|Bugis]] sing diasimilasi) | * Krajan Mempawah (1740–1950)<ref>{{cite web |url= http://melayuonline.com/eng/history/dig/422/mempawah-sultanate |title=Mempawah Sultanate |website=Melaju Online |access-date=23 Oktober 2026 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160408190433/http://melayuonline.com/eng/history/dig/422/mempawah-sultanate |archive-date=8 April 2016 }}</ref> * Kasultanan Selangor (1745–saiki) * Kasultanan Riau-Lingga (1824–1911) | * {{Flag|Riau}},<br /> {{flagicon image|Flag of Riau Islands.svg}} [[Kapuloan Riau]] * {{flagicon image|Flag of Selangor.svg}} [[Selangor]],<br>{{flagicon image|Flag of Johor.svg}} [[Johor]],<br>{{flagicon image|Flag of Pahang.svg}} Pahang * {{flag|Singapura}} |- valign="top" | Wong Melayu Burma | | * {{flagicon image|Flag of Tanintharyi Region (1974–2010).svg}} Divisi Tanintharyi |- valign="top" | [[Wong Melayu Brunéi]]{{sfn|IBP|2007|pp=151–152}}<ref name="Colling">{{harvnb|Colling|1973|p=6804}}</ref><ref name="Aris">{{harvnb|Othman|1983|pp=1–26}}</ref><ref name="Husain">{{harvnb|Husain|2007|pp=16, 33, 34}}</ref> | * Kakaisaran Brunéi (abad kaping 7–15) * Kasultanan Brunéi (1363–saiki) | * {{flag|Brunéi Darussalam}} * {{flagicon image|Flag of Labuan.svg}} Labuan,<br>{{flagicon image|Flag of Sarawak.svg}} [[Sarawak]],<br>{{flag|Sabah}} |- valign="top" | Wong Melayu Cocos | | * {{flag|Pulo Natal}},<br>{{flag|Kapuloan Cocos (Keeling)}} * {{flag|Sabah}} |- valign="top" | Wong Melayu Jambi | * Karajan Jambi (abad kaping 7) * Dharmasraya (1183–1347) * Kasultanan Jambi (1460–1907) | * {{flag|Jambi}} |- valign="top" | Wong Jawa-Melayu<ref name="Karim" /><ref name="Joseph" /><br />(kelompok Melayu keturunan [[wong Jawa|Jawa]] sing diasimilasi) | * [[Kutha Palémbang|Kasultanan Palémbang]] (1550–1823) | * {{flag|Sumatra Kidul}},<br /> {{flag|Sumatra Lor}} * {{flagicon image|Flag of Selangor.svg}} [[Selangor]],<br>{{flagicon image|Flag of Pahang.svg}} Pahang,<br>{{flagicon image|Flag of Johor.svg}} [[Johor]] * {{flag|Singapura}} |- valign="top" | Wong Melayu Johor<ref name="Colling" /><ref name="Aris" /><ref name="Husain" /> | * Kasultanan Johor (1528–saiki) * Kasultanan Muar (1855–1877) | * {{flagicon image|Flag of Johor.svg}} [[Johor]] |- valign="top" | Wong Melayu Kedah<ref name="Colling" /><ref name="Aris" /><ref name="Husain" />{{sfn|Majlis Kebudayaan Negeri Kedah|1986|pp=19–69}} | * [[Peradaban]] [[Lembah Bujang]] (abad kaping 1) * Langkasuka (abad kaping 2–14) * Kerajaan Kedah (Kedah Tua) (abad kaping 7–12) * Kasultanan Kedah (1136–saiki) * Karajan Setul (1808–1916){{sfn|Halimi|Pitchai|2016}} * Kerajaan Kubang Pasu (1839–1864) * Karajan Perlis (1842–saiki) | * {{flagicon image|Flag of Kedah.svg}} [[Kedah]],<br>{{flagicon image|Flag of Perlis.svg}} Perlis,<br>{{flagicon image|Flag of Penang (Malaysia).svg}} [[Pulo Pinang]],<br>{{flagicon image|Flag of Perak.svg}} Perak * {{flagicon image|Seal Satun.png}} Satun,<br>{{flagicon image|Seal Trang.png}} Trang,<br>{{flagicon image|Seal Krabi.png}} Krabi |- valign="top" | Wong Melayu Kelantan<ref name="Colling" /><ref name="Aris" /><ref name="Husain" /> | * Krajan Bumi Abang (abad kaping 1–6) * Kasultanan Kelantan (1267–saiki) * Kasultanan Jembal (1638–1720) | * {{flagicon image|Flag of Kelantan.svg}} [[Kelantan]] * {{flagicon image|Flag of Narathiwat.svg}} Narathiwat * {{flagicon image|Flag of Besut, Terengganu.svg}} Besut ([[Trengganu]]) |- valign="top" | Wong Melayu Lahat | | * {{flag|Sumatra Kidul}} |- valign="top" | Wong Melayu Loloan | | * {{flagicon image|Lambang Kab Jembrana.png}} [[Kabupatèn Jembrana]] |- valign="top" | Wong Melayu Malaka<ref name="Colling" /><ref name="Aris" /><ref name="Husain" /> | * Kasultanan Malaka (1402–1511) | * {{flagicon image|Flag of Malacca.svg}} [[Melaka]] |- valign="top" | Wong Minangkabau-Melayu<ref name="Karim" /><ref name="Joseph" /><br />(''kelompok Melayu keturunan [[wong Minangkêbo|Minangkêbo]] sing diasimilasi'') | * Dharmasraya (1183–1347) * Kasultanan Siak (1725–1949) * Panguwasa Negeri Sembilan (1773–saiki) | * {{flag|Riau}},<br /> {{flagicon image|Flag of Riau Islands.svg}} [[Kapuloan Riau]] * {{flagicon image|Flag of Negeri Sembilan.svg}} [[Negeri Sembilan]],<br>{{flagicon image|Flag of Selangor.svg}} [[Selangor]],<br>{{flagicon image|Flag of Johor.svg}} [[Johor]],<br />{{flagicon image|Flag of Pahang.svg}} Pahang * {{flag|Singapura}} |- valign="top" | Wong Melayu Sumatra Lor-Wétan | * Kasultanan Asahan (1630–1946) * Kasultanan Bilah (1630–1946) * Kasultanan Deli (1632–1946) * Kasultanan Langkat (1568–1946) * Kasultanan Serdang (1728–1946) | * {{flag|Sumatra Lor}} |- valign="top" | Wong Melayu Pahang<ref name="Colling" /><ref name="Aris" /><ref name="Husain" /> | * Karajan Pahang Kuna (abad kaping 5–1454) * Kasultanan Pahang Kuna (1470–1623) * Karajan Pahang Modern (1770–1881) * Kasultanan Pahang Modern (1881–saiki) | * {{flagicon image|Flag of Pahang.svg}} Pahang |- valign="top" | Wong Melayu Palémbang<ref name="Konstruksi Hukum Adat Pernikahan Masyarakat Melayu Palembang Berdasarkan Syar'iat Islam">{{Cite web|title=Konstruksi Hukum Adat Pernikahan Masyarakat Melayu Palembang Berdasarkan Syar'iat Islam|language= Indonesian|date=Agustus 2019|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334990443}}</ref><ref name="Tradisi Ruwahan pada Masyarakat Melayu Palembang">{{Cite web|title=Tradisi Ruwahan Masyarakat Melayu Palembang Dalam Perspektif Fenomenologis|language= id|date=Dhésèmber 2022|url=https://ejournal.uin-suska.ac.id/index.php/SosialBudaya/article/viewFile/19338/8602}}</ref><ref name="Akulturasi dalam Tradisi Kelahiran Orang Melayu Palembang">{{Cite web|title=Akulturasi dalam Tradisi Kelahiran Orang Melayu Palembang|language= id|date=Dhésèmber 2019|url=https://media.neliti.com/media/publications/506596-none-eb4c4768.pdf}}</ref><ref name="Budaya Politik Aristokrat Melayu Abad ke XVIII – XIX M : Analisis Kontekstual Manuskrip Sejarah Palembang - Dr. Komaruddin, ed al. Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Raden Fatah Palembang">{{Cite journal|title=Budaya Politik Aristokrat Melayu Abad ke XVIII – XIX M: Analisis Kontekstual Manuskrip Sejarah Palembang – Dr. Komaruddin, ed al. Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Raden Fatah Palembang|journal= Tamaddun: Jurnal Kebudayaan dan Sastra Islam|language= id|date=2022|volume= 18|issue= 2|pages= 69–86|doi= 10.19109/tamaddun.v18i2.2785|url=https://jurnal.radenfatah.ac.id/index.php/tamaddun/article/view/2785/1887|last1= Niswah|first1= Chirun|doi-access= free}}</ref> | * [[Praja Sriwijaya|Sriwijaya]] (abad kaping 7–13) * Kasultanan Palémbang (1550–1823) | * {{flag|Sumatra Kidul}} |- valign="top" | Wong Melayu Patani<ref name="Colling" /><ref name="Aris" /><ref name="Husain" /> | * Karajan Negara Sri Dharmaraja (abad milenium kaping 1–15) * Langkasuka (abad kaping 2–14) * Kasultanan Pattani (1516–1902) * Kasultanan Singgora (1603–1689) * Karajan Reman (1785–1902) * Karajan Legeh (1755–1902)<ref name="Anuar Nik Mahmud 1999 39">{{harvnb|Anuar Nik Mahmud|1999|p=39}}</ref> * Karajan Nong Chik (1809–1902)<ref name="Anuar Nik Mahmud 1999 39"/> * Karajan Jalur (1817–1902)<ref name="Anuar Nik Mahmud 1999 39"/> * Karajan Teluban (1817–1902)<ref name="Anuar Nik Mahmud 1999 39"/> * Karajan Jering (1817–1902)<ref name="Anuar Nik Mahmud 1999 39"/> | * {{flagicon image|Seal Pattani.png}} Pattani,<br>{{flagicon image|Seal Yala.png}} Yala,<br>{{flagicon image|Seal Narathiwat.png}} Narathiwat,<br>{{flagicon image|Seal Songkhla.png}} Songkhla,<br />{{flagicon image|Seal Phattalung.png}} Phattalung * {{flagicon image|Flag of Kedah.svg}} [[Kedah]],<br>{{flagicon image|Flag of Kelantan.svg}} [[Kelantan]],<br>{{flagicon image|Flag of Perak.svg}} Perak |- valign="top" | Wong Melayu Perak<ref name="Colling" /><ref name="Aris" /><ref name="Husain" /> | * Gangga Negara (abad kaping 2 – 11) * Kasultanan Perak (1528–saiki) | * {{flagicon image|Flag of Perak.svg}} Perak |- valign="top" | Wong Melayu Riau | * Kasultanan Kuntu Kampar (1234–1933) * Kasultanan Indragiri (1298–1945) * Kasultanan Rokan (1569–1940) * Kasultanan Pelalawan (1791–1946) * Kasultanan Riau-Lingga (1824–1911) | * {{flag|Riau}},<br>{{flagicon image|Flag of Riau Islands.svg}} [[Kapuloan Riau]],<br /> {{flagicon image|Lambang Kabupaten Pasaman.png}} [[Kabupatèn Pasaman]],<br />{{flagicon image|Lambang Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota.png}} [[Kabupatèn Lima Puluh Kota]] |- valign="top" | Wong Melayu Sarawak{{sfn|Said|2012}}{{sfn|Amanah Khairat Yayasan Melayu Sarawak|}} | * Karajan Santubong (abad kaping 7) * Karajan Samarahan (abad kaping 13) * Karajan Saribas (abad kaping 15) * Karajan Banting (abad kaping 16) * Kasultanan Sarawak (1598–1641) | * {{flagicon image|Flag of Sarawak.svg}} [[Sarawak]] |- valign="top" | Wong Melayu Selangor | * Kasultanan Selangor (1745–saiki) | * {{flagicon image|Flag of Selangor.svg}} [[Selangor]] |- valign="top" | [[Wong Melayu Singapura]] | * Karajan Singapura (1299–1398) | * {{flag|Singapura}} |- valign="top" | Wong Melayu Tamiang | * Karajan Bukit Karang (1023–1330) * Kasultanan Benua Tamiang (1330–1528) | * {{flagicon image|Lambang Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang.png}} [[Kabupatèn Acèh Tamiang]] |- valign="top" | Wong Melayu Trengganu<ref name="Colling" /><ref name="Aris" /><ref name="Husain" /> | * Kasultanan Trengganu (1708–saiki) * Karajan Besut (1780–1899) | * {{flagicon image|Flag of Terengganu.svg}} [[Trengganu]] * Kutha Kuantan (Pahang) |- valign="top" |Wong Melayu Kalimantan Kulon | * Karajan Landak (1292–1962) * Karajan Matan (1590–1948) * Kerajaan Mempawah (1740–1950) * Kasultanan Pontianak (1771–1950) * Kasultanan Sambas (1675–1944) * Karajan Sanggau (1310–1960) * Karajan Sintang (1365–1950) * Karajan Tanjungpura (880–1590) | * {{flagicon image|Flag of West Kalimantan.svg}} [[Kalimantan Kulon]] |} ==Deleng uga== * [[Donya Melayu]] * [[Omah Melayu]] ==Cathetan suku== {{Reflist}} ==Pranala njaba== * {{ms}} [http://iyco0.tripod.com/usmanawang.html Puisi Usman Awang mengenai Melayu.]{{Pranala mati|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * {{en icon}} [http://www.asiafinest.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=29765 Melayu] * {{id}} [http://209.85.175.104/search?q=cache:lYcg2r-ziWYJ:ccm.um.edu.my/umweb/fsss/images/persidangan/Kertas%2520Kerja/Pak%2520Witrianto.doc+Rumpun+Banjar&hl=id&ct=clnk&cd=139&gl=id&client=firefox-a Modal Sosial dan Pembangunan Manusia Melayu oleh Witrianto, S.S., M.Hum., M.Si dari Universitas Andalas]{{Pranala mati|date=April 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * {{id}} [http://www.indonesiamedia.com/2004/05/early/budaya/budaya-0504-bhinneka.htm Bhinneka Tunggal Ika] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100126030352/http://www.indonesiamedia.com/2004/05/early/budaya/budaya-0504-bhinneka.htm |date=26 Januari 2010 }} * {{id}} [http://melayuonline.com/article/?a=aW1QL3FMZVZBUkU4Ng%3D%3D= Gerakan Bangsa Melayu Besar] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160408223826/http://melayuonline.com/article/?a=aw1ql3fmzvzbuku4ng=== |date=8 April 2016 }} {{stub}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Melayu}} [[Kategori:Melayu|*]] [[Kategori:Suku bangsa ing Malaysia]] [[Kategori:Suku bangsa ing Indonesia]] [[Kategori:Golongan ètnik ing Indonésia]] [[Kategori:Golongan ètnik ing Malaysia]] [[Kategori:Golongan ètnik ing Singapura]] [[Kategori:Golongan ètnik ing Brunéi Darussalam]] {{Featured article}} {{Authority control}} 2u0lkx12955x3qk1dqqrg2bhv4nunvz Ménjes 0 169653 1759695 1646747 2026-11-02T18:00:20Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759695 wikitext text/x-wiki {{artikel ing krama}} {{Infobox food|name=Ménjes|image=Menjes kacang Malang.JPG|image_size=245px|caption=Ménjes ingkang taksih mentah|alternate_name=|country=[[Indonésia]]|region=[[Jawa Wétan]]|creator=|course=Nyamikan lan lawuh|served=Anget|main_ingredient=[[Kedhelé]], [[Kacang]]|variations= Ménjes kacang lan méjes gombal|calories=|other=}} '''Ménjes''' inggih punika sawijining olah-olahan khas saking tlatah [[Kutha Malang|Malang, Jawa Wétan]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://beritagar.id/artikel/piknik/menjes-tempe-khas-dari-malang|title=Menjes, tempe khas dari Malang|last=|first=|date=2016-08-26|website=Beritagar|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200615150651/https://beritagar.id/artikel/piknik/menjes-tempe-khas-dari-malang|archive-date=2020-06-15|url-status=dead|access-date=2020-06-15}}</ref> Ménjes dipundamel saking ampas [[Tahu bundher|tahu]] uga ampas [[témpé]] ingkang dipunfermentasi lajeng dipunpadhetakén ngantos maujud kados témpé padatan. Ménjes asring dipungorèng kaliyan glepung<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.malangtimes.com/baca/18747/20170606/211433/hanya-malang-yang-punya-ini-kuliner-berbahan-tempe-yang-bakalan-bikin-kangen|title=Hanya Malang yang Punya Ini, Kuliner Berbahan Tempe yang Bakalan Bikin Kangen|website=Malang TIMES|language=id|access-date=2020-06-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200615152154/https://www.malangtimes.com/baca/18747/20170606/211433/hanya-malang-yang-punya-ini-kuliner-berbahan-tempe-yang-bakalan-bikin-kangen|archive-date=2020-06-15|url-status=dead}}</ref> lajeng dipundhahar kaliyan lombok jemprit. Kathah tiyang ingkang plesir wonten Malang mundhut ménjes dados ulih-ulih utawi dhaharan. == Jinis == Wonten kalih jinis ménjes inggih menika: [[Gambar:Menjes kacang Malang goreng.JPG|jmpl|Ménjes ingkang sampun dipungorèng]] ==== Ménjes kacang ==== Ménjes menika dipundamel saking [[kedhelé]] cemeng utawi ampas témpé. Ménjes jinis punika gadhah tekstur kasar. Padamelan pasugatan menika radi kados [[oncom]] cemeng. ==== Ménjes gombal ==== Ménjes gombal teksturipun radi alus. Sesuguh punika dipundamel saking ampas tahu lan ampas klapa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.liputan6.com/health/read/3133908/9-kuliner-lezat-yang-tak-boleh-dilewatkan-saat-ke-malang|title=9 Kuliner Lezat yang Tak Boleh Dilewatkan Saat ke Malang|last=Liputan6.com|date=2017-10-19|website=liputan6.com|language=id|access-date=2020-06-15}}</ref> == Kapustakan == <references /> [[Kategori:Olah-olahan Jawa]] [[Kategori:Jawa Wétan]] [[Kategori:Gorèngan]] kxy573bm9wiifo76ma5xppw5v7m0br4 Masaura 0 170585 1759684 1530091 2026-11-02T15:32:16Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759684 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Gambar:Unprepared_masauras.jpg|jmpl|Masauras sing durung siyap]] '''Masaura''' yaiku bal janganan sing wis garing srengenge digawé kanthi kombinasi macem-macem utawa jangan cincang siji karo lentil ireng . Pilihan sayuran biasane godhong taro, ubi, lan [[colocasia]] . Amarga nemokake sayuran seger pancen angel banget ing taun-taun sadurunge, masaura dadi alternatif panganan bergizi nalika sayuran seger ora kasedhiya. Masaura uga bisa dibandhingake karo kedhele. Bahan-bahan potongan kedelai digawé saka kedele lan Masaura digawé karo sayuran cincang.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.thegundruk.com/how-to-make-masyura/|title=How to make Masyura?|date=2016-02-15|website=The Nepali Food Blog {{!}} theGundruk.com|language=en-US|access-date=2019-11-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191025071516/http://www.thegundruk.com/how-to-make-masyura/|archive-date=2019-10-25|url-status=dead}}</ref> Masaura digoreng lenga. == Rujukan == h7cj4n8v18596s1eeox6pk8489xlf2b Samsa 0 173166 1759743 1539688 2026-11-03T02:35:48Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759743 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox food|name=''Samsa''|served=|similar_dish=|glycemic_index=|carbohydrate=|fat=|protein=|calories_ref=|calories=|serving_size=|variations=|minor_ingredient=|main_ingredient=|maxtime=|image=Ouzbékistan-Samsas.jpg|mintime=|year=|creator=|national_cuisine={{Plainlist| * [[Kazakh cuisine|Kazakh]] * [[Kyrgyz cuisine|Kyrgyz]] * [[Tajik cuisine|Tajik]] * [[Turkmen cuisine|Turkmen]] * [[Xinjiang cuisine|Uyghur]] * [[Uzbek cuisine|Uzbek]] }}|region=|country=[[Central Asia]]|course=|type=|alternate_name=''Somsa''|caption=[[Uzbek cuisine|Uzbek]] ''somsas''|image_alt=|image_size=220px|other=}}Samsa minangka salah sawijining olahan gorengan. Ing negara-negara [[Kazakhstan]], [[Kirgizstan|Kirgistan]], [[Tajikistan]], [[Turkménistan|Turkmenistan]], [[Uzbèkistan|Uzbekistan]], uga [[Xinjiang|Wilayah Otonomi Xinjiang Uygur ing]] Tiongkok, ''samsas'' meh mesthi dipanggang. [[Samosa|Beda karo samosa]] Asia Kidul, nanging [[Samosa|wajan asring]] digoreng. Samsa tradisional asring dipanggang ing tandoor, yaiku oven lempung khusus. <ref name="Albala">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NTo6c_PJWRgC&pg=RA2-PA51|title=Food Cultures of the World Encyclopedia|publisher=[[Greenwood Publishing Group|Greenwood]]|year=2011|isbn=978-0-313-37626-9|editor-last=Albala|editor-first=Ken|volume=1|location=Santa Barbara, CA|page=51|access-date=17 January 2018}}</ref> Adonan kasebut bisa dadi adonan roti sederhana utawa adonan kue lapis. Isi paling umum kanggo samsa tradisional yaiku campuran daging [[Daging domba|wedhus]] lan bawang bombay, nanging jinis [[Iwak pitik|ayam]], daging [[Pérangan daging sapi|sapi]] lan [[Kèju|keju]] cincang uga umume para PKL. Samsas kanthi isi liyane, kayata kentang utawa waluh (biasane mung nalika musim), uga bisa ditemokake. <ref name="silkroadchef">{{Cite web|url=https://silkroadchef.com/2015/04/05/samsa-baked-meat-buns/|title=Samsa: Baked Meat Buns|date=2015-04-06|website=silkroadchef.com|access-date=2020-11-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190819100652/https://silkroadchef.com/2015/04/05/samsa-baked-meat-buns/|archive-date=2019-08-19|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Galeri == <gallery mode="packed"> Barkas:Wikiwyprawa 2015 IGP2392.jpg|Persiapan samsa ing tandoor Barkas:Uyghur samsa.jpg|[[Xinjiang cuisine|Uyghur]] -style samsas Barkas:Ош самсасы.jpg|Samsa ing [[Kyrgyz cuisine|Kirgistan]] </gallery> == Referensi == [[Kategori:Olah-olahan Kazakhstan]] 098i67hhr2onc3ygu6k1p8e8u5ibnxg Zombie 0 173231 1759808 1539863 2026-11-03T11:13:33Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759808 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Barkas:Zombies_NightoftheLivingDead.jpg|jmpl| ''Wengi Wengi Mati'' George A. Romero (1968) dianggep minangka leluhur zombie fiksi budaya modern]] '''Zombi''' ( Prancis Haiti : {{Lang|fr|zombi}} , Haitian Creole ) Menika satunggaling tokoh fiksi undead [[wiktionary:corporeal|corporeal]] revenant digawe liwat reanimation saka mayit . Zombi umume ditemokake ing karya genre horor lan fantasi . Istilah kasebut asale saka cerita rakyat Haiti, ing endi ''zombie'' minangka badan mati sing reanimasi liwat macem-macem cara, umume sihir . Gegambaran modern babagan reanimasi saka wong sing mati ora mesthi nyakup sulap nanging asring nggunakake metode [[Fiksi sains|fiksi ilmiah]] kayata operator, [[Radhiyasi|radiasi]], penyakit mental, vektor, patogen, parasit, kacilakan ilmiah, lsp. <ref name="PM">{{Cite web|url=http://www.popmatters.com/pm/column/159439-legacy-of-the-living-dead/|title=The Zombification Family Tree: Legacy of the Living Dead|last=Maçek III, J. C.|date=15 June 2012|website=[[PopMatters]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0oZIlm84F2oC&pg=PA57|title=Better Off Dead: The Evolution of the Zombie as Post-Human|publisher=Fordham Univ Press|year=2011|isbn=978-0-8232-3447-9|editor-last=Deborah Christie, Sarah Juliet Lauro|page=169}}</ref> Tembung Inggris "zombie" pisanan direkam ing taun 1819, ing sejarah Brasil dening pujangga [[Robert Southey]], kanthi bentuk "zombi". ''[[Kamus Inggris Oxford]]'' menehi [[Etimologi|asal tembung kasebut dadi]] Afrika Kulon lan mbandhingake karo tembung [[Basa Kongo|Kongo]] {{Lang|kg|nzambi}} (dewa) lan {{Lang|kg|zumbi}} utawa {{Lang|kg|nzumbi}} ( [[jimat]] ). Sawetara panganggit uga mbandhingake karo tembung [[Basa Kongo|Kongo]] {{Lang|kg|vumbi (mvumbi)}} (memedi, males, mayit sing isih nahan jiwa), {{Lang|kg|(nvumbi)}} (awak tanpa nyawa). <ref>Peter Laws, ''The Frighteners: Why We Love Monsters, Ghosts, Death & Gore'', Icon Books, 2018</ref> <ref>William Graham Lister Randles, ''L’ancien royaume du Congo des origines à la fin du XIXe siècle'', Éditions de l’École des hautes études en sciences sociales, 2013</ref> <ref>Doris L Garraway, ''The Libertine Colony: Creolization in the Early French Caribbean'', Duke University Press, 2005</ref> Kamus (2) [[Kalamundu|-Krabu]] -basa Kamus saka Kamus Portugis taun 1903 nemtokake tembung ''nzumbi sing ana gandhengane'' karo jiwa, <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/diccionarioport00nascgoog|title=Diccionario Portuguez-Kimbundu|last=Pereira Do Nascimento|first=Jose|date=1903|publisher=Huilla : Typographia da Missão}}</ref> dene kamus liya-liya Kamus-Portugis nemtokake minangka "semangat sing kudune ngumbara ing bumi kanggo nyiksa wong urip". <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/stream/dicionriokimbu00assiuoft#page/378/search/nzumbi|title=Diccionario Portuguez-Kimbundu|last=de Assis Junior|first=A.|publisher=Luanda Argente, Santos}}</ref> Salah sawijining buku pisanan sing mbukak budaya Barat menyang konsep zombie voodoo yaiku [[William Seabrook|WB Seabrook]] 's ''The Magic Island'' (1929), sawijining akun narasi sing sensasional saka narator sing nemoni kultus [[Boneka Voodoo|voodoo]] ing [[Haiti]] lan gerakane sing wis diuripake maneh. Versi anyar zombie, beda karo sing diandharake ing folklor Haitian, muncul ing budaya populer sajrone paruh pungkasan abad kaping-20. Juru Zombi wis digambar umumé saka [[George A. Romero]] 'film s ''[[Wengi Wong Mati sing Urip|Night saka Living Dead]]'' (1968), <ref name="PM2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.popmatters.com/pm/column/159439-legacy-of-the-living-dead/|title=The Zombification Family Tree: Legacy of the Living Dead|last=Maçek III, J. C.|date=15 June 2012|website=[[PopMatters]]}}</ref> kang sebagéyan inspirasi dening [[Richard Matheson]] novel ''[[I Am Legend (novel)|I Am Legend]]'' (1954). <ref name="books.google.co.uk2">Deborah Christie, Sarah Juliet Lauro, ed. (2011). [https://books.google.com/books?id=0oZIlm84F2oC&pg=PA57 Better Off Dead: The Evolution of the Zombie as Post-Human]. Fordham Univ Press. p. 169. {{ISBN|0-8232-3447-9}}, 9780823234479.</ref> <ref name="stokes2">{{Cite web|url=http://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2103/|title=Ghouls, Hell and Transcendence: The Zombie in Popular Culture from 'Night of the Living Dead' to 'Shaun of the Dead'|last=Stokes|first=Jasie|publisher=Brigham Young University|access-date=2016-02-03}}</ref> Tembung ''zombie'' ora digunakake ing ''Night of the Living Dead'', nanging mengko ditrapake kanggo para penggemar. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.wired.com/underwire/2010/06/george-a-romero-zombies/|title='Godfather of the Dead' George A. Romero Talks Zombies|last=Savage|first=Annaliza|date=15 June 2010|work=Wired|access-date=2 October 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110823132419/http://www.wired.com/underwire/2010/06/george-a-romero-zombies/|archive-date=23 August 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref> Sawise film zombie kayata ''[[Dawn of the Dead (film 1978)|Dawn of the Dead]]'' (1978) lan video musik [[Michael Jackson]] yaiku ''[[Michael Jackson's Thriller (video musik)|Thriller]]'' (1983), genre kasebut ilang sawetara taun. Pungkasan taun 2000-an lan 2010-an katon humanisasi lan romantisme archetype zombi, kanthi zombie-zombie kasebut terus digambarake minangka kanca lan tresna marang manungsa . Conto sing penting yaiku film ''[[Warm Bodies (filem)|Warm Bodies]]'' and ''Zombies'', novel ''American Gods'' dening Neil Gaiman, ''Generation Dead'' by Daniel Waters, lan ''Bone Song'' dening John Meaney, film animasi ''Corpse Bride'', seri TV ''Pushing Daisies'' lan ''iZombie'', lan [[manga]] / novel / [[anime]] seri ''Sankarea: Katresnan sing Ora'' ''Bakal'' ''Mati'' lan ''Apa Iki Zombie?'' Ing konteks iki, zombie asring dianggep minangka pendhapat kanggo klompok diskriminasi sing berjuang kanggo kesetaraan, lan hubungan romantis manungsa-zombie ditafsirake minangka kiasan kanggo pembebasan seksual lan ngilangi tabu (amarga zombie tundhuk kepinginan liar lan bebas saka sosial konvènsi). <ref name="Szanter">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aX4yDwAAQBAJ|title=Romancing the Zombie: Essays on the Undead as Significant 'Other'|last=Szanter|first=Ashley|last2=Richards|first2=Jessica K.|date=2017-08-24|publisher=McFarland|isbn=9781476667423}}</ref> <ref name="McGlotten">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=k1WDBAAAQBAJ|title=Zombies and Sexuality: Essays on Desire and the Living Dead|last=McGlotten|first=Shaka|last2=Jones|first2=Steve|date=2014-08-26|publisher=McFarland|isbn=9780786479078}}</ref> <ref name="GeorgeHughes">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TeiSDAAAQBAJ|title=Open Graves, Open Minds: Representations of vampires and the Undead from the Enlightenment to the present day|last=George|first=Sam|last2=Hughes|first2=Bill|date=2015-11-01|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=9781526102157}}</ref> <ref name="Moreman">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nR8mTnCFjwwC|title=Zombies Are Us: Essays on the Humanity of the Walking Dead|last=Moreman|first=Christopher M.|last2=Rushton|first2=Cory James|date=2011-10-10|publisher=McFarland|isbn=9780786488087}}</ref> [[Barkas:John_A._Russo_as_zombie_in_Night_of_the_Living_Dead.JPG|jmpl| John A. Russo nggambarake zombie ing ''Wengi Wengi sing Mati'']] == Referensi == oicto23opzj8hjdui4sq2vsnjz0n53i Susu beras 0 173670 1759778 1747412 2026-11-03T05:41:40Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759778 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox nutritional value|100px|sodium_mg=39|note=[https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/fdc-app.html#/?query=ndbNumber:14639 Link to USDA Database entry]|vitK_ug=0.2|vitD_ug=1|vitE_mg=0.47|vitB12_ug=0.63|niacin_mg=0.4|riboflavin_mg=0.014|thiamin_mg=0.03|folate_ug=2|vitB6_mg=0.04|pantothenic_mg=0.15|vitC_mg=0|zinc_mg=0.13|potassium_mg=27|Rice milk|phosphorus_mg=56|magnesium_mg=11|calcium_mg=118|manganese_mg=0.28|iron_mg=0.2|fiber=0.3 g|sugars=5.3 g|carbs=9.2 g|fat=1.0 g|protein=0.3 g|kJ=195|water=89.3 g|name=Rice milk, unsweetened|image=Rice milk.jpg|source_usda=1}}'''Susu''' [[Pantun|pari minangka]] [[Susu tuwuhan|susu tanduran sing]] digawe saka [[Pantun|beras]] . Susu beras Commercial biasane diprodhuksi nggunakake beras coklat lan sirup beras coklat, lan bisa legi nggunakake [[gula]] utawa gula gantosipun, lan roso dening úa umum, kayata [[Vanila|vanilla]] . <ref name="bridges">{{Cite web|url=https://med.virginia.edu/ginutrition/wp-content/uploads/sites/199/2014/06/January-18-Milk-Alternatives.pdf|title=Moo-ove over, cow’s milk: The rise of plant-based dairy alternatives|last=Meagan Bridges|date=1 January 2018|publisher=Practical Gastroenterology, University of Virginia Medical School|access-date=30 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190918063352/https://med.virginia.edu/ginutrition/wp-content/uploads/sites/199/2014/06/January-18-Milk-Alternatives.pdf|archive-date=18 September 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> Umume dikuatake karo [[Protéin|protein]] lan mikronutrien, kayata [[Vitamin b12|vitamin B12]], [[Kalsiyum|kalsium]], [[Wesi|zat besi]], utawa [[Vitamin D|vitamin D.]] <ref name="nava">{{Cite web|url=https://food.ndtv.com/food-drinks/what-is-rice-milk-how-is-it-different-from-other-forms-of-milk-1790539|title=What is rice milk? How is it different from other forms of milk?|last=Sarika Nava|date=1 November 2019|publisher=NDTV Food|access-date=30 January 2020|archive-date=23 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201023011955/https://food.ndtv.com/food-drinks/what-is-rice-milk-how-is-it-different-from-other-forms-of-milk-1790539|url-status=dead}}</ref> Dibandhingake karo [[Susu|susu sapi, susu]] pari ngemot [[karbohidrat]] luwih akeh (9% vs 5%), nanging ora ngemot [[Kalsiyum|kalsium]] utawa [[Protéin|protein sing]] signifikan, lan ora ana [[kolesterol]] utawa [[laktosa]] . <ref name="usda-rice2">[https://ndb.nal.usda.gov/ndb/foods/show/4472 "Beverages, rice milk, unsweetened"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180108063607/https://ndb.nal.usda.gov/ndb/foods/show/4472 |date=2018-01-08 }}, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service.</ref> <ref name="usda-milk2">[https://ndb.nal.usda.gov/ndb/foods/show/70 "Milk, whole, 3.25% milkfat, with added vitamin D"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180316212841/https://ndb.nal.usda.gov/ndb/foods/show/70 |date=2018-03-16 }}, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service.</ref> Merk komersial susu mung asring dikuatake karo [[vitamin]] lan [[Mineral panganan|mineral]], kalebu [[Kalsiyum|kalsium]], [[Cyanocobalamin|vitamin B <sub>12</sub>]], [[Niacin|vitamin B <sub>3</sub>]], lan [[Wesi|zat besi]] . <ref name="bridges2">{{Cite web|url=https://med.virginia.edu/ginutrition/wp-content/uploads/sites/199/2014/06/January-18-Milk-Alternatives.pdf|title=Moo-ove over, cow’s milk: The rise of plant-based dairy alternatives|last=Meagan Bridges|date=1 January 2018|publisher=Practical Gastroenterology, University of Virginia Medical School|access-date=30 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190918063352/https://med.virginia.edu/ginutrition/wp-content/uploads/sites/199/2014/06/January-18-Milk-Alternatives.pdf|archive-date=18 September 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Indeks glikemik|Nduwe indeks glikemik]] 86 dibandhingake 37 kanggo [[susu skim]] lan 39 kanggo susu sakabehane. <ref name="International-Tables-20082">{{Cite journal|last=Atkinson|first=Fiona S.|last2=Foster-Powell|first2=Kaye|last3=Brand-Miller|first3=Jennie C.|date=2008-12-01|title=International Tables of Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load Values: 2008|url=http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/31/12/2281|journal=Diabetes Care|language=en|volume=31|issue=12|pages=2281–2283|doi=10.2337/dc08-1239|issn=0149-5992|pmc=2584181|pmid=18835944}}</ref> Susu beras paling ora [[Alèrgi|alergen ing]] antarane susu tanduran, <ref name="bridges3">{{Cite web|url=https://med.virginia.edu/ginutrition/wp-content/uploads/sites/199/2014/06/January-18-Milk-Alternatives.pdf|title=Moo-ove over, cow’s milk: The rise of plant-based dairy alternatives|last=Meagan Bridges|date=1 January 2018|publisher=Practical Gastroenterology, University of Virginia Medical School|access-date=30 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190918063352/https://med.virginia.edu/ginutrition/wp-content/uploads/sites/199/2014/06/January-18-Milk-Alternatives.pdf|archive-date=18 September 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> lan bisa dikonsumsi dening wong sing ora [[Intoleransi laktosa|sabar laktosa]], [[Alergi kedele|alergi marang kedelai]] utawa [[Alergi susu|susu]] . Iki uga digunakake minangka sulih susu dening [[Veganisme|vegan]] . <ref name="bbc">{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-46654042|title=Which vegan milks are best for the planet?|last=Guibourg|first=Clara|date=2019-02-22|work=BBC News: Science and Environment|access-date=2019-09-04|last2=Briggs|first2=Helen|language=en-GB}}</ref> == Referensi == j1c0dvd120ke62qmgyydw09320i7l6n Tequila 0 174911 1759784 1544141 2026-11-03T06:46:59Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759784 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Barkas:Tequila.tierra.mexicana.jpg|jmpl|tequila lan jeruk]] {{Infobox drink|name=Tequila|discontinued=|website=|related=[[Mezcal]], [[bacanora]], [[raicilla]], [[pulque]]|variants=[[Excellia]]|ingredients=[[Agave tequilana|blue agave]]|flavour=sweet, fruity, earthy|colour=clear, brown or golden|introduced=16th century|image=15-09-26-RalfR-WLC-0244.jpg|origin=[[Mexico]]|distributor=|manufacturer=|proof=76°–110°|abv=38–55%|type=[[Liquor|distilled beverage]]|caption=Three varieties of tequila|region=[[Jalisco]]}} [[Barkas:Paisaje_agavero_de_Jose_Cuervo_en_Tequila,_Jalisco.jpg|jmpl| Ladang agave biru cedhak Tequila]] '''Tequila''' ( {{IPAc-en|t|E|'|k|i:|l|@}} ; {{IPA-es|teˈkila|lang|Tequila(town)Pronunciation.ogg}}</img> ) minangka omben sulingan sing digawe saka tanduran agave biru, utamane ing wilayah sekitar kutha Tequila {{Convert|65|km|abbr=on}} mangulon-mangulon saka Guadalajara, lan ing Dataran Tinggi Jaliscan ( ''Los Altos de Jalisco'' ) ing negara bagian kulon Meksiko Jalisco . Lemah vulkanik abang ing wilayah Tequila cocog banget kanggo tuwuh agave biru, lan luwih saka 300 yuta tanduran dipanen saben taun ing kana. <ref name="chadwick-jalisco2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ianchadwick.com/tequila/jalisco.htm|title=In Search of the Blue Agave: Jalisco State|last=Ian Chadwick|publisher=Ianchadwick.com|access-date=2010-12-25}}</ref> Agave tuwuh beda-beda gumantung saka wilayah kasebut. Agaves biru sing ditanem ing wilayah Los Altos dataran tinggi luwih gedhe lan ambune luwih legi lan rasane. Agaves sing dipanen ing dataran rendah duwe wangi lan rasa sing luwih ramuan. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tequilaknight.com/how-is-tequila-made.html|title=How Is Tequila Made|last=Jacinto, Rodolfo|publisher=Tequilaknight.com|access-date=2011-03-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111018151903/http://www.tequilaknight.com/how-is-tequila-made.html|archive-date=2011-10-18|url-status=dead}}</ref> Amarga penting sejarah lan budaya, wilayah ing sacedhake Tequila diumumake dadi [[Sana Warisan Donya|Situs Warisan Dunia UNESCO]] ing taun 2006, ''[[Lansekap lan Fasilitas Industri Kuno Tequila|lanskap Agave lan Fasilitas Industri Kuno Tequila]]'' . == Rujukan == 93tflnc25u5eua35zh8w4bgy1iqgqcy Tokyo Dome City 0 177458 1759793 1555491 2026-11-03T07:23:35Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759793 wikitext text/x-wiki {{coord|35|42|20.23|N|139|45|6.82|E|type:landmark_scale:2000|display=title}} [[Image:LaQua01s3872.jpg|225px|thumb|right|Bagéan saka pusat hiburan.]] [[File:Tokyo Dome City Looking from the East near Suidōbashi Station 2014.JPG|alt=Buildings in Tokyo against a blue sky|thumb|Tokyo Dome City katon saka wétan cedhak Stasiun Suidōbashi]] {{Nihongo|'''Tokyo Dome City'''|東京ドームシティ|Tōkyō Dōmu Shiti}}, yaiku kompleks hiburan terpadu ing [[Bunkyō, Tokyo|Bunkyo, Tokyo]], [[Jepang]]. Kompleks iki dikenal kanthi jeneng '''Big Egg City''' nganti 1 Januari 2000.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tokyo-dome.co.jp/faq/30 |title=Q&A ! 東京ドームシティ アトラクションズについて |author= |date= |work= |publisher=Tokyo Dome City |accessdate=20 January 2012}}</ref> Ing kompleks iki, ana stadion bisbol [[Tokyo Dome]], (jejuluk "Big Egg"), papan dolanan [[Tokyo Dome City Attractions]] (biyen Kōrakuen Yūenchi) lan [[Korakuen Hall]]. Ing wulan Mei 2003, sawijining resor spa sing dikenal [[LaQua]] mbukak bisnis ing cedhak Tokyo Dome City Attractions. Iki uga dadi papan acara pertunjukan karakter kanggo [[Toei Company]], kalebu seri [[Kamen Rider]] lan [[Super Sentai]] (Tokyo Dome Corporation dadi sponsor utama seri Super Sentai). Tokyo Dome City ngemot Tokyo Dome Hotel, hotel kanthi lantai 43 sing gampang dideleng saka dalan lan saka Stasiun Subway Suidobashi Tokyo, sing mung adoh saka rong blok. == Fasilitas Tokyo Dome City == * Stadion bisbol [[Tokyo Dome]] * [[LaQua]] ** gedung [[spa]], [[onsen]], papan kebugaran, lan mal ** wahana papan dolanan, [[jinantra|kincir ria]] [[Big O]] lan [[kréta luncur|roller coaster]] [[Thunder Dolphin]] * Papan dolanan [[Tokyo Dome City Attractions]] ** Theatre G-Rosso * Tokyo Dome Hotel * Yellow Building ** Sauna Tokyo Dome, arena olahraga [[Korakuen Hall]] * Blue Building ** Tokyo Dome Bowling Center, pusat Boling Tokyo Dome City, taruhan balap jaran * MEETS PORT ** [[Tokyo Dome City Hall]] == Transportasi == * [[Stasiun Kōrakuen]] wis terpadu karo kompleks iki * [[Stasiun Kasuga]] ing sisih lor * [[Stasiun Suidōbashi]], stasiun [[JR]] ing sebrang dalan saka Tokyo Dome City == Rujukan == {{Reflist}} == Pranala njaba == {{Commons category|Tokyo Dome City}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20161123120905/http://www.tokyo-dome.co.jp/e/ Tokyo Dome City official website] [[Kategori:Tokyo]] fc1nojwjmts61bohl2k5thark48w9ti Magnesium sulfat 0 177615 1759675 1755694 2026-11-02T14:56:02Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759675 wikitext text/x-wiki {{chembox | Verifiedfields = changed | Watchedfields = changed | verifiedrevid = 476997098 | Name = Magnesium sulfate | ImageFile1 = Mgaq6SO4.svg | ImageCaption1 = hexahydrate | ImageFile2 = Magnesium sulfate anhydrous.jpg | ImageCaption2 = Anhydrous magnesium sulfate | ImageFile3 = Magnesium sulfate.JPG | ImageCaption3 = [[Epsomite]] (heptahydrate) | IUPACName = Magnesium sulfate | OtherNames = Epsom salt (heptahydrate)<br /> English salt<br />Bitter salts<br />Bath salts |Section1={{Chembox Identifiers | UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} | UNII = ML30MJ2U7I | UNII1_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} | UNII1 = E2L2TK027P | UNII1_Comment = (monohydrate) | UNII2_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} | UNII2 = SK47B8698T | UNII2_Comment = (heptahydrate) | ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|changed|EBI}} | ChEMBL = 1200456 | InChI = 1/Mg.H2O4S/c;1-5(2,3)4/h;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q+2;/p-2 | InChIKey = CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-NUQVWONBAQ | DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}} | DrugBank = DB00653 | ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}} | ChEBI = 32599 | SMILES = [Mg+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O | StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | StdInChI = 1S/Mg.H2O4S/c;1-5(2,3)4/h;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q+2;/p-2 | StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | StdInChIKey = CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L | CASNo = 7487-88-9 | CASNo_Comment = (anhydrous) | CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} | CASNo1_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}} | CASNo1 = 14168-73-1 | CASNo1_Comment = (monohydrate) | CASNo2_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} | CASNo2 = 24378-31-2 | CASNo2_Comment = (tetrahydrate) | CASNo3_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}} | CASNo3 = 15553-21-6 | CASNo3_Comment = (pentahydrate) | CASNo4_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}} | CASNo4 = 13778-97-7 | CASNo4_Comment = (hexahydrate) | CASNo5_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} | CASNo5 = 10034-99-8 | CASNo5_Comment = (heptahydrate) | ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} | ChemSpiderID = 22515 | PubChem = 24083 | EINECS = | RTECS = OM4500000 }} |Section2={{Chembox Properties | Formula = MgSO<sub>4</sub> | Appearance = white crystalline solid | Odor = odorless | Density = 2.66 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (anhydrous)<br /> 2.445 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (monohydrate)<br /> 1.68 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (heptahydrate)<br /> 1.512 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (11-hydrate) | MolarMass = 120.366 g/mol (anhydrous)<br />138.38 g/mol (monohydrate)<br />174.41 g/mol (trihydrate)<br />210.44 g/mol (pentahydrate)<br />228.46 g/mol (hexahydrate)<br />246.47 g/mol (heptahydrate) | Solubility = ''anhydrous''<br /> 26.9 g/100 mL (0&nbsp;°C)<br /> 35.1 g/100 mL (20&nbsp;°C)<br /> 50.2 g/100 mL (100&nbsp;°C) <hr /> ''heptahydrate''<br /> 113 g/100 mL (20&nbsp;°C) | SolubleOther = 1.16 g/100 mL (18&nbsp;°C, [[diethyl ether|ether]])<br /> slightly soluble in [[ethanol|alcohol]], [[glycerol]]<br /> insoluble in [[acetone]] | MeltingPt = anhydrous decomposes at&nbsp;1,124&nbsp;°C<br />monohydrate decomposes at&nbsp;200&nbsp;°C<br />heptahydrate decomposes at&nbsp;150&nbsp;°C<br />undecahydrate decomposes at&nbsp;2&nbsp;°C | RefractIndex = 1.523 (monohydrate)<br /> 1.433 (heptahydrate) | MagSus = −50·10<sup>−6</sup> cm<sup>3</sup>/mol }} |Section3={{Chembox Structure | Coordination = | CrystalStruct = [[monoclinic]] (hydrate) }} |Section6={{Chembox Pharmacology | ATCCode_prefix = A06 | ATCCode_suffix = AD04 | ATC_Supplemental = {{ATC|A12|CC02}} {{ATC|B05|XA05}} {{ATC|D11|AX05}} {{ATC|V04|CC02}} }} |Section7={{Chembox Hazards | ExternalSDS = [http://hazard.com/msds/mf/baker/baker/files/m0234.htm External MSDS] | NFPA-H = 1 | NFPA-F = 0 | NFPA-R = 0 }} |Section8={{Chembox Related | OtherCations = [[Beryllium sulfate]]<br />[[Calcium sulfate]]<br />[[Strontium sulfate]]<br />[[Barium sulfate]] | OtherCompounds = }} }} [[Barkas:Magnesium_sulfate.JPG|jmpl|Sampel magnesium sulfat]] '''Magnesium sulfat''' utawa '''magnesium sulphate''' (ing basa Inggris Britania) minangka [[Senyawa Kimia|senyawa kimia]], uyah kanthi rumus {{Chem|MgSO|4}}, kalebu [[Ion|kation]] [[Magnèsiyum|magnesium]] {{chem|Mg|2+}} (20,19% kanthi massa) lan [[Ion|anion]] sulfat '''{{chem|SO|4|}}<sup>2-</sup>'''. Iki minangka kristal putih padhet, larut ing banyu nanging ora ana ing [[Étanol|etanol]]. Magnesium sulfat biasané ditemoni ing wangun saka hydrate {{chem|MgSO|4|·''n''H|2|O}} ,kanggo macem-macem nilai ''n'' antara 1 lan 11. Sing paling umum yaiku {{chem|MgSO|4|·7H|2|O}}, dikenal minangka '''uyah Epsom''', sing minangka bahan kimia rumah tangga sing akéh nggunakaké tradisional, kalebu uyah adus.<ref name="wsjdXXXX2">{{Cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052702303302504577327722133289222|title=Quick Cures/Quack Cures: Is Epsom Worth Its Salt?|date=9 April 2012|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|access-date=15 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120412091100/https://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052702303302504577327722133289222.html|archive-date=12 April 2012}}</ref> Panggunaan utama magnesium sulfat yaiku ing tetanén, kanggo mbeneraké lemah sing kurang magnesium (nutrisi tanduran penting). Monohidrat disenengi kanggo nggunakaké iki; ing pertengahan taun 1970-an, prodhuksi dadi 2,3 yuta ton saben taun.<ref name="buch2000">Industrial Inorganic Chemistry, Karl Heinz Büchel, Hans-Heinrich Moretto, Dietmar Werner, John Wiley & Sons, 2d edition, 2000, {{ISBN|978-3-527-61333-5}}</ref> Wangun anhidrat lan pirang-pirang hidrat ing alam minangka mineral, lan uyah minangka komponén penting banyu saka sawetara [[tuk]]. == Sipat fisik magnesium sulfat == Relaksasi magnesium sulfat minangka mekanisme utama sing nyebabaké panyerepan [[Akustik ing jero banyu|swara]] ing banyu laut kanthi frekuensi ing ndhuwur 10&nbsp;kHz <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://resource.npl.co.uk/acoustics/techguides/seaabsorption/physics.html|title=Underlying physics and mechanisms for the absorption of sound in seawater|publisher=Resource.npl.co.uk|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090618070030/http://resource.npl.co.uk/acoustics/techguides/seaabsorption/physics.html|archive-date=18 June 2009|access-date=2009-07-06}}</ref> ( [[Uni|energi akustik]] diowahi dadi énégi termal ). Frekuensi ngisor kurang diserap uyah, saengga swara frekuensi kurang luwih adoh ing sagara. [[Asem borat|Asam borat]] lan magnesium karbonat uga nyumbang kanggo nyerap.<ref>Michael A. Ainslie, Principles of Sonar Performance Modeling, p.18</ref> == Guna magnesium sulfat == [[Barkas:Magnesium_Sulfate_(1).JPG|jmpl|Magnesium sulfat kanggo médhis]] === Médhis === Magnesium sulfat digunakaké ing njaba (minangka uyah Epsom) lan njero. Pemanfaatan eksternal utama yaiku formulasi minangka uyah adus, utamané kanggo sikil kanggo ngenthengaké sikil sing lara. Siram kaya mengkene uga nyenengaké lan nyepetaké pemulihan otot, lara, utawa cilaka. Nanging, klaim kasebut durung dikonfirmasi kanthi ilmiah. Keuntungan utama uyah yaiku kosmetik: ngalangi kerut kulit sauntara amarga dicelupaké kanthi suwe ing banyu kosong.<ref name="wsjdXXXX2"/><ref name="ingra2016">{{cite web|url=https://www.painscience.com/articles/epsom-salts.php|title=Does Epsom Salt Work? The science of Epsom salt bathing for recovery from muscle pain, soreness, or injury|last1=Ingraham|first1=Paul|website=Pain Science|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160910223001/https://www.painscience.com/articles/epsom-salts.php|archive-date=10 September 2016|access-date=29 August 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> Iki uga komponén umum saka solusi sing digunakaké ing tank isolasi. Ing [[Karajan Manunggal|Inggris]], obat sing ngemot magnesium sulfat lan fenol, sing diarani ''"drawing paste''", diklaim migunani kanggo bisul cilik utawa infeksi lokal <ref name="boots2018">{{cite web|url=https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/product/8327|title=Boots Magnesium Sulfate Paste B.P. - Patient Information Leaflet (PIL) - (eMC)|website=www.medicines.org.uk|language=en|access-date=14 April 2018}}</ref> lan ngilangi serpihan.<ref name="splinter">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tipking.co.uk/tip/5929.html|title=Removing a splinter with Magnesium Sulphate|access-date=2021-04-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221027123706/http://www.tipking.co.uk/tip/5929.html|archive-date=2022-10-27|url-status=dead}}</ref> Secara internal, magnesium sulfat bisa uga ditrapaké kanthi rute oral, napas, utawa intravena. Panggunaan internal kalebu terapi panggantos kanggo kurang magnesium,<ref name="rxmed2009">{{cite web|url=http://www.rxmed.com/b.main/b2.pharmaceutical/b2.1.monographs/CPS-%20Monographs/CPS-%20(General%20Monographs-%20M)/MAGNESIUM%20SULFATE.html|title=Pharmaceutical Information – Magnesium Sulfate|publisher=RxMed|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090403180025/http://www.rxmed.com/b.main/b2.pharmaceutical/b2.1.monographs/CPS-%20Monographs/CPS-%20(General%20Monographs-%20M)/MAGNESIUM%20SULFATE.html|archive-date=3 April 2009|access-date=2009-07-06|url-status=live}}</ref> perawatan aritmia akut lan abot,<ref name="heart2016">{{cite web|url=https://eccguidelines.heart.org/index.php/circulation/cpr-ecc-guidelines-2/part-7-adult-advanced-cardiovascular-life-support/?strue=1&id=5-3-2-1|title=CPR and First Aid: Antiarrhythmic Drugs During and Immediately After Cardiac Arrest (section)|publisher=American Heart Association|access-date=29 August 2016|quote=Previous ACLS guidelines addressed the use of magnesium in cardiac arrest with polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (ie, torsades de pointes) or suspected hypomagnesemia, and this has not been reevaluated in the 2015 Guidelines Update. These previous guidelines recommended defibrillation for termination of polymorphic VT (ie, torsades de pointes), followed by consideration of intravenous magnesium sulfate when secondary to a long QT interval.|archive-date=28 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210828154509/https://cpr.heart.org/en/resuscitation-science/cpr-and-ecc-guidelines?strue=1&id=5-3-2-1|url-status=dead}}</ref> minangka bronkodilator ing perawatan [[Mengi|panandhang asma]],<ref name="blitz2005">{{cite journal|year=2005|title=Aerosolized magnesium sulfate for acute asthma: a systematic review|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_chest_2005-07_128_1/page/337|journal=Chest|volume=128|issue=1|pages=337–344|doi=10.1378/chest.128.1.337|pmid=16002955|vauthors=Blitz M, Blitz S, Hughes R, Diner B, Beasley R, Knopp J, Rowe BH}}.</ref> lan nyegah eklampsia.<ref name="duley2010">{{cite journal|last1=Duley|first1=L|last2=Gülmezoglu|first2=AM|last3=Henderson-Smart|first3=DJ|last4=Chou|first4=D|date=10 November 2010|title=Magnesium sulphate and other anticonvulsants for women with pre-eclampsia.|journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews|issue=11|pages=CD000025|doi=10.1002/14651858.CD000025.pub2|pmc=7061250|pmid=21069663}}</ref> === Pertanian === Ing [[Tetanèn|tetanén]], magnesium sulfat digunakaké kanggo nambah isi magnesium utawa belerang ing [[lemah]] . Umume digunakaké kanggo tanduran pot, utawa kanggo tanduran sing lapar magnesium kayata [[Kenthang|kentang]], [[tomat]], [[Wortel jangan|wortel]], mrica, [[Lémon|jeruk nipis]], lan [[mawar]]. Keuntungan magnesium sulfat tinimbang parubahan lemah magnesium liyané (kayata jeruk  dolomit ) yaiku kelarutan sing dhuwur, sing uga ngidini pilihan panganan foliar. Solusi magnesium sulfat uga meh pH netral, dibandhingaké karo uyah alkalin magnesium kaya sing ditemokaké ing watu gamping; mula, panggunaan magnesium sulfat minangka sumber magnesium kanggo lemah ora bakal ngowahi pH lemah kanthi signifikan.<ref name="pubchem">{{cite web|url=https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/magnesium_sulfate#section=Chemical-and-Physical-Properties|title=Pubchem: magnesium sulfate|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161018220642/https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/magnesium_sulfate#section=Chemical-and-Physical-Properties|archive-date=18 October 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> Magnesium sulfat sacara historis digunakaké minangka perawatan kanggo keracunan [[timah]] sadurungé pangembangan terapi ''chelasi'', amarga samesthiné manawa ana timbal sing dicerna bakal diencerké dening magnesium sulfat lan banjur diresiki saka sistem pencernaan.<ref name="hcwood">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pjpHAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA34|title=A Treatise on Therapeutics, Comprising Materia Medica and Toxicology, with Especial Reference to the Application of the Physiological Action of Drugs to Clinical Medicine|last=Wood|first=H. C.|date=1877|publisher=[[J. B. Lippincott & Co.]]|location=Philadelphia|page=34|quote=The treatment of acute lead-poisoning consists in the evacuation of the stomach, if necessary, the exhibition of the sulphate of sodium or of magnesium, and the meeting of the indications as they arrive. The Epsom and Glauber's salts act as chemical antidotes, by precipitating the insoluble sulphate of lead, and also, if in excess, empty the bowel of the compound formed.|author-link=Horatio C. Wood Jr.}}</ref> Aplikasi iki nuduhaké panggunaan nyebar ing kalangan dokter hewan sajrone wiwitan abad kaping 20 nganti pertengahan; Uyah epsom wis kasedhiya ing pirang-pirang peternakan kanggo digunakaké ing tetanén, lan asring diwènèhaké ing perawatan kéwan tani sing tanpa sengaja ngonsumsi timah.<ref name="Barker1945">{{cite journal|last=Barker|first=C. A. V.|date=January 1945|title=Experience with Lead Poisoning|journal=Canadian Journal of Comparative Medicine and Veterinary Science|volume=9|issue=1|pages=6–8|pmc=1660962|pmid=17648099|quote=Udall (1) suggests sodium citrate as of some value together with Epsom salts which will bring about a precipitation of the lead in the form of an insoluble compound. Nelson (3) reported a case that survived following the use of a 20% magnesium sulphate solution intravenously, subcutaneously and orally. McIntosh (5) has suggested that purgative doses of Epsom salts may be effective in combining with the lead and overcoming the toxicity.}}</ref><ref name="herriot">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Hm-St_CUgsIC&pg=PA157|title=All Creatures Great and Small|last=Herriot|first=James|date=1972|publisher=[[St. Martin's Press]]|isbn=0-312-08498-6|location=New York|page=157|quote=The specific antidotes to metal poisoning had not been discovered and the only thing which sometimes did a bit of good was magnesium sulphate which caused the precipitation of insoluble lead sulphate. The homely term for magnesium sulphate is, of course, epsom salts.|author-link=James Herriot}}</ref> === Pangan === Magnesium sulfat digunakaké minangka uyah kanggo nggawé [[bir]].<ref name="brew2016">{{Cite web|url=https://nationalhomebrew.com.au/beer/brewing-adjuncts-and-beer-enhancers/national-home-brew-magnesium-sulphate|title=Magnesium Sulphate|website=National Home Brew|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160801040013/https://nationalhomebrew.com.au/beer/brewing-adjuncts-and-beer-enhancers/national-home-brew-magnesium-sulphate|archive-date=1 August 2016|access-date=4 January 2019}}</ref> Iki uga bisa digunakaké minangka koagulan kanggo nggawé [[tahu]].<ref name="matsu2000">{{cite patent|inventor-last=Matsuura|inventor-first=Masaru|inventor2-last=Sasaki|inventor2-first=Masaoki|inventor3-last=Sasakib|inventor3-first=Jun|inventor4-last=Takeuchi|inventor4-first=Tomok|date=28 March 2000|title=Process for producing packed tofu|country-code=US|description=The present invention relates to a novel process for producing packed tofu, particularly a process for producing long-life packed tofu from sterilized soybean milk.|patent-number=6042851}}</ref> === Akuaria === Heptahidrat magnesium sulfat uga digunakaké kanggo njaga konsentrasi magnesium ing [[akuarium]] laut sing ngemot karang karang sing akéh banget, amarga alon-alon ilang ing proses kalsifikasi. Ing akuarium laut kekurangan magnesium, konsentrasi kalsium lan alkalinitas angel banget dikontrol amarga ora cukup magnesium kanggo stabil ion kasebut ing banyu asin lan nyegah udan spontan dadi kalsium karbonat.<ref name="aqua2006">{{cite web|url=http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2006-07/rhf/index.php|title=Do-It-Yourself Magnesium Supplements for the Reef Aquarium|year=2006|publisher=Reefkeeping|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080322114524/http://www.reefkeeping.com/issues/2006-07/rhf/index.php|archive-date=22 March 2008|access-date=2008-03-14|url-status=live}}</ref> == Paripustaka == [[Kategori:Kimiya]] ehvns2rssnkfh7uuzly43jy7cgnlk8w Kabiskopan Campos 0 181227 1759657 1741780 2026-11-02T12:39:19Z Alexsandroclaudino92 65489 /* */ 1759657 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox diocese |jurisdiction = Kabiskopan |name = Campos |latin = Dioecesis Camposina |image = Catedral Santíssimo Salvador Campos dos Goytacazes31.jpg |caption = Catedral Basílica do Santíssimo Salvador |country = {{flag|Brazil}} |province = [[Keuskupan Agung Niterói|Niterói]] |rite = [[Ritus Latin]] |established = 4 Desember 1922 ({{age|1922|12|4}} taun kepungkur) |cathedral = Catedral Basílica do Santíssimo Salvador |cocathedral = |area_km2 = 12,520 |population = 986,000 |population_as_of = 2004 |catholics = 854,000 |catholics_percent= 86.6 |pope = {{Incumbent pope}} |bishop = [[Roberto Francisco Ferrería Paz]] |coadjutor = |auxiliary_bishops= |emeritus_bishops = João Corso, [[S.D.B.]]<br>Roberto Gomes Guimarães |map = |website = }} '''Kabiskopan Campos''' ({{lang-la|Dioecesis Camposina}}) yaiku [[kabiskopan]] sing ana ing kutha [[Campos dos Goytacazes]], [[provinsi grejawi]] [[Kabiskopan Agung Niterói|Niterói]], [[Brazil]]. == Riwayat == Ing 4 Desember 1922, kabiskopan iku didegaké minangka Kabiskopan Campos saka Kabiskopan Niterói. == Referensi == * [http://www.gcatholic.org/dioceses/diocese/camp9.htm GCatholic.org] * [http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/dcmpb.html Catholic Hierarchy] * [http://www.diocesedecampos.org.br/home_diocese.asp Diocese website (Portuguese)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180831005931/http://www.diocesedecampos.org.br/home_diocese.asp |date=2018-08-31 }} {{coord|21.7569|S|41.3239|W|source:wikidata|display=title}} {{kabiskopan ing Brasil}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Campos}} [[Kategori:kabiskopan ing Brasil]] 9gezwgyjvh18r68pdfj4co99tbxpujm Kabiskopan Petrópolis 0 181326 1759662 1741781 2026-11-02T12:46:59Z Alexsandroclaudino92 65489 /* */ 1759662 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox diocese |jurisdiction = Kabiskopan |name = Petrópolis |latin = Dioecesis Petropolitanus |image = Catedral Petrópolis, tardezinha.jpg |caption = Katedral Metropolitan Santo Yohanes Pembaptis |country = [[Brazil]] |province = [[Keuskupan Agung Niterói|Niterói]] |rite = [[Ritus Latin]] |established = 13 April 1946 ({{age|1946|4|13}} taun kepungkur) |cathedral = Catedral São Pedro de Alcântara |cocathedral = |area_km2 = 3,075 |population = 760,000 |population_as_of = 2004 |catholics = 595,000 |catholics_percent= 78.3 |pope = {{Incumbent pope}} |bishop = [[Gregório (Leozírio) Paixão Neto]], [[O.S.B.]] |coadjutor = |auxiliary_bishops= |emeritus_bishops = |map = |website = [http://www.diocesepetropolis.org.br/ www.diocesepetropolis.org.br] }} '''Kabiskopan Petrópolis''' ({{lang-la|Dioecesis Petropolitanus}}) yaiku [[kabiskopan]] sing ana ing kutha [[Petrópolis]], [[provinsi grejawi]] [[Kabiskopan Agung Niterói|Niterói]], Brazil. == Riwayat == * 13 April 1946: Didegaké minangka Kabiskopan Petrópolis saka [[Kabiskopan Barra do Piraí]] lan Kabiskopan Niterói == Referensi == * [http://www.gcatholic.org/dioceses/diocese/petr2.htm GCatholic.org] * [http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/dpetr.html Catholic Hierarchy] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20050412160319/http://www.diocesepetropolis.org.br/index2.html Diocese website (Portuguese)] {{kabiskopan ing Brasil}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Petropolis}} [[Kategori:Kabiskopan ing Brasil]] psm2xgdueng59jeygbsn8gw7acvn1sc Setatsiyun Shimosato 0 192293 1759757 1722960 2026-11-03T03:51:40Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759757 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox station | name = Setatsiyun Shimosato | native_name = 下里駅 | native_name_lang = ja | symbol_location = | symbol = | type = Setatsiyun [[sepur komuter]][[West Japan Railway Company|JR-West]] | image = Shimosato Station, ekisha.jpg | alt = Setatsiyun Shimosato | caption = Setatsiyun Shimosato, November 2017 | address = 662, Shimosato, Nachikatsuura-machi, Higashimuro-gun, Wakayama-ken 649-5142 | country = Jepang | coordinates = {{Coord|33|34|56.65|N|135|55|20.47|E|type:railwaystation_region:JP-30|display=title, inline}} | owned = [[File:JR_logo_(west).svg|13px]] [[West Japan Railway Company]] | operator = [[File:JR_logo_(west).svg|13px]] West Japan Railway Company | line = {{rbox|W||#00a6b4|#fff}} [[Jalur Utami Kisei]] (Jalur Kinokuni) | distance = {{convert|201.1|km|mile|abbr=on}} saka {{STN|Kameyama|Mie}}<br />{{convert|20.9|km|mile|abbr=on}} saka {{STN|Shingū}} | platforms = 2 [[peron samping]] | tracks = 2 | train_operators = [[File:JR_logo_(west).svg|13px]] [[West Japan Railway Company]] | bus_stands = | connections = | structure = Dhuwur lemah | parking = | bicycle = | disabled = Ora ana | code = | zone = | status = Ora nduweni staf | website = {{Official|1=http://www.jr-odekake.net/eki/top.php?id=0622048}} | opened = {{Start date|1935|7|18|df=y}}<ref name="sone25">{{Cite book|last = Sone|first = Satoru|script-title=ja: 週刊 歴史でめぐる鉄道全路線 国鉄・JR|editor=朝日新聞出版分冊百科編集部|publisher=Asahi Shimbun Publications Inc.|series=週刊朝日百科|volume=25号 紀勢本線・参宮線・名松線|date=2010-01-10|pages=18–21}}</ref> | former = | closed = <!-- {{End date|YYYY|MM|DD|df=y}} --> | rebuilt = | electrified = 1978<ref>『'88 JR西日本』西日本旅客鉄道,1988, p.97.</ref> | passengers = 72 per dina | pass_year = FY2019 | map_type = Japan Wakayama Prefecture#Japan | map_dot_label = Setatsiyun Shimosato | pass_rank = }} {{Nihongo|'''Setatsiyun Shimosato'''|下里駅|Shimosato-eki}} yaiku [[setatsiyun sepur]] sing ana ing kutha [[Nachikatsuura, Wakayama|Nachikatsuura]], [[Distrik Higashimuro, Wakayama|Distrik Higashimuro]], [[Prefektur Wakayama]], [[Jepang]], sing digarap déning [[West Japan Railway Company]] (JR West). ==Jalur== Setatsiyun Shimosato diladèni déning [[Jalur Utami Kisei]] (Jalur Kinokuni), lan adohé 201,1 kilometer saka [[Setatsiyun terminal|terminus]] jalur kasebut ing [[Setatsiyun Kameyama (Mie)|Setatsiyun Kameyama]] lan 20,9 kilometer saka {{STN|Shingū}}. ==Réferènsi== {{Reflist}} ==Pranala njaba== {{Commons category-inline}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20180911114637/http://www.jr-odekake.net/eki/top.php?id=0622048 Shimosato Station (West Japan Railway)] ing basa Jepang. {{Jalur Utami Kisei (JR West)}} [[Category:Nachikatsuura]] {{Wakayama-railstation-stub}} 9on8362690oqmihi8gvfxmkk5bf64uh Setatsiyun Susami 0 192315 1759759 1722792 2026-11-03T03:54:54Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759759 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox station | name = Setatsiyun Susami | native_name = 周参見駅 | native_name_lang = ja | symbol_location = | symbol = | type = Setatsiyun [[sepur komuter]] [[West Japan Railway Company|JR-West]] | image = Susami_station001.JPG | alt = Setatsiyun Susami | caption = Setatsiyun Susami, Januari 2016 | address = 4296, Susami, Susami-cho, Nishimuro-gun, Wakayama-ken 649-2621 | country = Jepang | coordinates = {{Coord|33|32|48.54|N|135|29|44.52|E|type:railwaystation_region:JP-30|display=title, inline}} | owned = [[File:JR_logo_(west).svg|13px]] [[West Japan Railway Company]] | operator = [[File:JR_logo_(west).svg|13px]] West Japan Railway Company | line = {{rbox|W||#00a6b4|#fff}} [[Jalur Utami Kisei]] (Jalur Kinokuni) | distance = {{convert|254.0|km|mile|abbr=on}} saka {{STN|Kameyama|Mie}}<br />{{convert|73.8|km|mile|abbr=on}} saka {{STN|Shingū}} | platforms = 2 [[peron samping]] | tracks = 2 | train_operators = [[File:JR_logo_(west).svg|13px]] [[West Japan Railway Company]] | bus_stands = | connections = | structure = Dhuwur lemah | parking = | bicycle = | disabled = Ora ana | code = | zone = | status = Ora nduweni staf | website = {{Official|1=http://www.jr-odekake.net/eki/top.php?id=0622060}} | opened = {{Start date|1936|10|30|df=y}}<ref name="sone25">{{Cite book|last = Sone|first = Satoru|script-title=ja: 週刊 歴史でめぐる鉄道全路線 国鉄・JR|editor=朝日新聞出版分冊百科編集部|publisher=Asahi Shimbun Publications Inc.|series=週刊朝日百科|volume=25号 紀勢本線・参宮線・名松線|date=2010-01-10|pages=18–21}}</ref> | former = | closed = <!-- {{End date|YYYY|MM|DD|df=y}} --> | rebuilt = | electrified = 1978<ref>『'88 JR西日本』西日本旅客鉄道,1988, p.97.</ref> | passengers = 115 per dina | pass_year = FY2019 | map_type = Japan Wakayama Prefecture#Japan | map_dot_label = Setatsiyun Susami | pass_rank = }} {{Nihongo|'''Setatsiyun Susami'''|周参見駅|Susami-eki}} yaiku [[setatsiyun sepur]] sing ana ing kutha [[Susami, Wakayama|Susami]], [[Distrik Nishimuro, Wakayama|Distrik Nishimuro]], [[Prefektur Wakayama]], [[Jepang]], sing digarap déning [[West Japan Railway Company]] (JR West). ==Jalur== Setatsiyun Susami diladèni déning [[Jalur Utami Kisei]] (Jalur Kinokuni), lan adohé 254,0 kilometer saka [[Setatsiyun terminal|terminus]] jalur kasebut ing [[Setatsiyun Kameyama (Mie)|Setatsiyun Kameyama]] lan 73,8 kilometer saka {{STN|Shingū}}. ==Réferènsi== {{Reflist}} ==Pranala njaba== {{Commons category-inline}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20191205175535/https://www.jr-odekake.net/eki/top.php?id=0622060 Susami Station (West Japan Railway)] ing basa Jepang. {{Jalur Utami Kisei (JR West)}} [[Category:Susami, Wakayama]] {{Wakayama-railstation-stub}} fxsw1e8yvzzij7pi9bws2n6tasapy85 Setatsiyun Shirahama 0 192319 1759758 1723014 2026-11-03T03:53:16Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759758 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox station | name = Setatsiyun Shirahama | native_name = 白浜駅 | native_name_lang = ja | symbol_location = | symbol = | type = Setatsiyun [[sepur komuter]] [[West Japan Railway Company|JR-West]] | image = File:131221_Shirahama_Station_Wakayama_pref_Japan01s5.jpg | alt = Setatsiyun Shirahama ing Dhesember 2013 | caption = Setatsiyun Shirahama ing Dhesember 2013 | address = 1475, Katata, Shirahama-cho, Nishimuro-gun, Wakayama-ken 649-2201 | country = Jepang | coordinates = {{Coord|33|40|33.06|N|135|23|13.97|E|type:railwaystation_region:JP-30|display=title, inline}} | owned = [[File:JR_logo_(west).svg|13px]] [[West Japan Railway Company]] | operator = [[File:JR_logo_(west).svg|13px]] West Japan Railway Company | line = {{rbox|W||#00a6b4|#fff}} [[Jalur Utami Kisei]] (Jalur Kinokuni) | distance = {{convert|275.4|km|mile|abbr=on}} saka {{STN|Kameyama|Mie}}<br />{{convert|95.2|km|mile|abbr=on}} saka {{STN|Shingū}} | platforms = 1 peron samping + 1 peron pulo + 1 peron lempongan | tracks = 4 | train_operators = [[File:JR_logo_(west).svg|13px]] [[West Japan Railway Company]] | bus_stands = | connections = | structure = Dhuwur lemah | parking = | bicycle = | disabled = | code = | zone = | status = Nduweni staf ( ''[[Midori no Madoguchi]]'') | website = {{Official|1=http://www.jr-odekake.net/eki/top.php?id=0622064}} | opened = {{Start date|1933|12|20|df=y}}<ref name="sone25">{{Cite book|last = Sone|first = Satoru|script-title=ja: 週刊 歴史でめぐる鉄道全路線 国鉄・JR|editor=朝日新聞出版分冊百科編集部|publisher=Asahi Shimbun Publications Inc.|series=週刊朝日百科|volume=25号 紀勢本線・参宮線・名松線|date=2010-01-10|pages=18–21}}</ref> | former = Shirahamaguchi (1933 - 1965)<ref name="sone25"/> | closed = <!-- {{End date|YYYY|MM|DD|df=y}} --> | rebuilt = | electrified = 1978<ref>『'88 JR西日本』西日本旅客鉄道,1988, p.97.</ref> | passengers = 709 per dina | pass_year = FY2019 | map_type = Japan Wakayama Prefecture#Japan | map_dot_label = Setatsiyun Shirahama | pass_rank = }} {{nihongo|'''Setatsiyun Shirahama'''|白浜駅|Shirahama-eki}} yaiku [[setatsiyun sepur]] sing ana ing kutha [[Shirahama, Wakayama|Shirahama]], [[Distrik Nishimuro, Wakayama|Distrik Nishimuro]], [[Prefektur Wakayama]], [[Jepang]], sing digarap déning [[West Japan Railway Company]] (JR West). ==Jalur== Setatsiyun Shirahama diladèni déning [[Jalur Utami Kisei]] (Jalur Kinokuni), lan adohé 275,4 kilometer saka [[Setatsiyun terminal|terminus]] jalur kasebut ing [[Setatsiyun Kameyama (Mie)|Setatsiyun Kameyama]] lan 95,2 kilometer saka {{STN|Shingū}}. ==Réferènsi== {{Reflist}} ==Pranala njaba== {{Commons category-inline}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20190919131303/https://www.jr-odekake.net/eki/top.php?id=0622064 Shirahama Station (West Japan Railway)] ing basa Jepang. {{Jalur Utami Kisei (JR West)}} [[Category:Shirahama, Wakayama]] {{Wakayama-railstation-stub}} qkmpl8zo9gbdyb0ti64yxjar3i9evs9 Setatsiyun Shimo-Yakuno 0 192726 1759756 1722757 2026-11-03T03:50:21Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759756 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox station | name = Setatsiyun Shimo-Yakuno | native_name = 下夜久野駅 | native_name_lang = ja | type = | image = Shimo-Yakuno stn.jpg | alt = | caption = Setatsiyun Shimo-Yakuno, Februari 2009 | other_name = | address = Yakunocho Nukata, Fukuchiyama-shi, Kyoto-fu 629-1304 | country = Jepang | coordinates = {{Coord|35.319914|134.998833|format=dms|display=inline, title|type:railwaystation_region:JP}} | owned = [[File:JR_logo_(west).svg|16px]] [[West Japan Railway Company]] | operator = [[File:JR_logo_(west).svg|16px]] [[West Japan Railway Company]] | line = [[File:JRW kinki-E.svg|15px]] [[Jalur Utami San'in]] | distance = {{convert|102.4|km|mile|abbr=on}} saka {{STN|Kyoto}} | platforms = 1 peron pulo | connections = {{Plainlist| * Pemberhentian bus }} | structure = | code = | status = Ora nduweni staf | website = {{Official|1=http://www.jr-odekake.net/eki/top.php?id=0630721}} | opened = {{Start date|1911|10|25|df=y}} | closed = | former = | passengers = 78 per dina | pass_year = FY2016 | map_type = Japan Kyoto Prefecture#Japan | map_dot_label = Setatsiyun Shimo-Yakuno | services = }} {{Nihongo|'''Setatsiyun Shimo-Yakuno'''|下夜久野駅|Shimo-Yakuno-eki}} yaiku [[setatsiyun sepur]] sing ana ing kutha [[Fukuchiyama, Kyoto|Fukuchiyama]], [[Prefektur Kyoto]], [[Jepang]], sing digarap déning [[West Japan Railway Company]] (JR West). ==Jalur== Setatsiyun Shimo-Yakuno diladèni déning [[Jalur Utami San'in]], lan adohé 102,4 kilometer saka [[Setatsiyun terminal|terminus]] jalur kasebut ing {{STN|Kyoto}}. ==Réferènsi== {{Reflist}} ==Pranala njaba== {{Commons category-inline}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20190731005106/https://www.jr-odekake.net/eki/top.php?id=0630721 Station Official Site] {{Jalur Utami Sanin (wilayah Fukuchiyama)}} [[Category:Fukuchiyama, Kyoto]] {{Kyoto-railstation-stub}} byxmx3yioqfieb67f53qetaqlg4kcvb Musiyum Wayang lan Artefak Purbalingga 0 195119 1759694 1696566 2026-11-02T17:49:23Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759694 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox park | name = Musiyum Wayang lan Artefak Purbalingga<br>{{nobold|{{small|ꦲꦼꦩ꧀ꦧꦸꦁꦥꦠꦫꦤ}}}} | image = | image_caption = Musiyum Wayang lan Artefak Purbalingga | map = | map_caption = | map_label = | type = Museum | location = Desa [[Kutasari, Kutasari, Purbalingga|Kutasari]], Kecamatan [[Kuthasari, Purbalingga|Kutasari]], [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Kabupaten Purbalingga]], [[Jawa Tengah]] | coordinates = | area = | owner = | operator = Pemerintah Kabupaten Purbalingga | visitation_num = | status = Dipun bikak | opened = 2009 | awards = | designation = | open = | created = | facilities = * papan panggenan ingkang wiyar * toilet * papan palenggahan * parkir * pameran wayang * pameran artefak }} '''Musiyum Wayang lan Artefak Purbalingga''' inggih punika musiyum ingkang dumunung wonten ing Desa [[Kutasari, Kutasari, Purbalingga|Kutasari]], Kecamatan [[Kuthasari, Purbalingga|Kutasari]], [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Kabupaten Purbalingga]], [[Jawa Tengah]] . <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.antaranews.com/berita/167325/purbalingga-punya-museum-wayang-dan-artefak|title=Purbalingga Punya Museum Wayang dan Artefak|last=antaranews.com|date=2009-12-27|website=Antara News|access-date=2023-10-14}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/v1/museum-wayang-dan-artefak/|title=Museum Wayang dan Artefak {{!}} Kabupaten Purbalingga|language=|access-date=7 Juli 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210712062529/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/v1/museum-wayang-dan-artefak/|archive-date=2021-07-12|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://museum.co.id/directory-museum/listing/museum-wayang-dan-artefak-purbalingga/|title=Museum Wayang Dan Artefak Purbalingga|website=museum.co.id|language=en-US|access-date=2023-10-14}}</ref> Musiyum Wayang lan Artefak Purbalingga mujudake [[musiyum]] khusus ingkang nglumpukake barang-barang peninggalan [[prasejarah]], [[wayang kulit]] lan [[Wayang golèk|wayang golek]] saking [[Kabupatèn Purbalingga|Kabupaten Purbalingga]] lan daerah saubenge. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=https://www.tribunnews.com/travel/2015/12/19/sanggaluri-park-tempat-wisata-keluarga-di-purbalingga-jateng-ada-museum-hingga-taman-edukasi|title=Sanggaluri Park, Tempat Wisata Keluarga di Purbalingga, Jateng, Ada Museum hingga Taman Edukasi|date=2015|website=Tribunnews.com|language=id-ID|access-date=2023-10-14}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.google.com/maps/place/Museum+Wayang+Dan+Artefak+Purbalingga/@-7.3563983,109.327473,17z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m6!3m5!1s0x2e65588752c5c6f9:0x46086063ee3231f7!8m2!3d-7.3563983!4d109.3300479!16s%2Fg%2F11c5xnpcxs?entry=tts&hl=en|title=Museum Wayang Dan Artefak Purbalingga · J8VJ+C2V, Dusun II, Kutasari, Kec. Kutasari, Kabupaten Purbalingga, Jawa Tengah 53361, Indonesia|website=Museum Wayang Dan Artefak Purbalingga · J8VJ+C2V, Dusun II, Kutasari, Kec. Kutasari, Kabupaten Purbalingga, Jawa Tengah 53361, Indonesia|language=en|access-date=2023-10-14}}</ref> === Kahanan Umum === Musiyum Wayang lan Artefak Purbalingga bebarengan kaliyan rong musiyum liyane, yaiku [[musiyum dhuwit]] lan [[musiyum serangga]], wonten ing komplek wisata ingkang dipunarani [[Sanggaluri Park]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://regional.kompas.com/read/2023/05/25/230845578/sanggaluri-park-purbalingga-daya-tarik-wahana-harga-tiket-dan-rute|title=Sanggaluri Park Purbalingga: Daya Tarik, Wahana, Harga Tiket, dan Rute Halaman all|last=Media|first=Kompas Cyber|date=2023-05-25|website=KOMPAS.com|language=id|access-date=2023-10-14}}</ref><ref name=":3" /> Bangunan Musiyum Wayang lan Artefak Purbalingga nggadahi wiyar 24×12 [[mèter]]. <ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Musiyum puniki manggon wonten papan panggonan ingkang nggadahi [[Sistem koordhinat géyografis|koordinat]] 7°21'23.0” Lintang Kidul lan 109°19’48.4” Bujur Wetan. Menawi badhe teng musiyum nggunakake sepur, akses menyang musiyum saking saking [[Setatsiyun Purwakerta|Stasiun Purwokerto]] kanthi jarak 18 [[Kilomèter|kilometer]] . Menawi badhe nggunakake bis, museum saged dipuntekani liwat Terminal Bukateja, jarake 16 kilometer, utawa saka [[Terminal Purwokerto]], adohe 17 kilometer. <ref>{{Cite book|url=http://rumahbelajar.id/Media/Dokumen/5cff5ee7b646044330d686cd/9d1f628b443fbe96e99a3f02a7291055.pdf|title=Katalog Museum Indonesia Jilid I|last=Rusmiyati, dkk.|date=2018|publisher=Direktorat Pelestarian Cagar Budaya dan Permuseuman|isbn=978-979-8250-66-8|location=Jakarta|pages=498}}</ref>[[Artéfak|Artefak]] ingkang dipunpamerake dipuntemokake ing sisih wetan [[Gunung Slamet]] . Teng musiyum puniki wonten wayang kulit 22 jinis lan 12 jinis wayang golek.<ref name=":1" /> === Sajarah === Pambangunan Musiyum Wayang lan Artefak Purbalingga puniki dipuntindakaken ing taun 2009 kanthi ngginakaken dana ''Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah'' (APBD) ingkang agengipun 352 yuta rupiah.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/info/museum-wayang-dan-artefak/|title=Museum Wayang dan Artefak|last=Dinkominfo|date=2010-04-09|website=Kabupaten Purbalingga|language=en-US|access-date=2023-10-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220812154834/https://www.purbalinggakab.go.id/info/museum-wayang-dan-artefak/|archive-date=2022-08-12|url-status=dead}}</ref> Peresmian musiyum punika dipunadani tanggal 27 Dhésèmber 2009 déning Bupati Purbalingga kala wau, inggih punika Triyono Budi Sasongko.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.antaranews.com/berita/167325/purbalingga-punya-museum-wayang-dan-artefak|title=Purbalingga Punya Museum Wayang dan Artefak|last=antaranews.com|date=2009-12-27|website=Antara News|access-date=2023-10-14}}</ref> Kepemilikan musiyum kasebut dipunpasrahake marang Pemerintah Kabupaten Purbalingga, dene panguruse dipunpasrahake marang Unit Pelaksana Teknis Pemerintah Daerah (UPTD) Owabong. Akèh-akèhé artefak dipuntemokake ing pinggir ''Daerah Aliran Sungai'' (DAS) mligine [[Sungai Klawing|kali Klawing]], [[Sungai Tuntung Gunung|kali Tuntung Gunung]], [[Sungai Laban|kali Laban]], lan [[Sungai Karang|kali Karang]] . Artefak wonten ing musiyum puniki asale saking budaya jaman Megalitikum. Sadurunge dipunsimpen ing Musiyum Wayang lan Artefak Purbalingga, artefak kasebut dipunsimpen ing [[Balai Arkeologi Bandung]] lan ing omah pribadine [[Harry Truman Simanjuntak]] . <ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.iheritage.id/public/content/museum-wayang-dan-artefak-purbalingga/227|title=Museum Wayang Dan Artefak Purbalingga|last=iheritage.id|website=iheritage.id|access-date=7 Juli 2021|archive-date=2022-10-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221004201201/https://www.iheritage.id/public/content/museum-wayang-dan-artefak-purbalingga/227|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=":2" /> === Rujukan === <references /> [[Kategori:Papan wisata ing Jawa Tengah]] [[Kategori:WikiPlesir]] 01vm88thegsjpniurjhhxku1oq1ggt1 ꦩꦠꦺꦫꦶꦥꦼꦠꦼꦁ 0 196792 1759815 1719885 2026-11-03T11:42:50Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759815 wikitext text/x-wiki {{multiscript|Materi peteng|ꦩꦠꦺꦫꦶꦥꦼꦠꦼꦁ}} {{Kosmologi}} ꧋'''ꦩꦠꦺꦫꦶꦥꦺꦠꦺꦁ'''ꦪꦲꦶꦏꦸ[[ꦩꦠꦺꦫꦶ]]ꦏꦁꦲꦺꦴꦫꦧꦶꦱꦢꦶꦢꦺꦠꦺꦏ꧀ꦱꦶꦔꦁꦒꦺꦴ[[ꦫꦢꦶꦪꦱꦶ]]ꦏꦁꦢꦶꦥꦚ꧀ꦕꦫꦏꦺꦲꦸꦠꦮꦥꦼꦚꦼꦫꦥꦤ꧀ꦫꦢꦶꦪꦱꦶꦱꦏꦩꦠꦺꦫꦶꦆꦏꦸꦢꦺꦮꦺ꧈ꦤꦔꦶꦁꦲꦤꦤꦺꦧꦶꦱꦢꦶꦧꦸꦏ꧀ꦠꦶꦏꦏꦺꦱꦏꦌꦥ꦳ꦺꦏ꧀[[ꦒꦿꦮ꦳ꦶꦠꦱꦶ]]ꦩꦠꦺꦫꦶꦩꦠꦺꦫꦶꦏꦁꦏꦠꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦏꦪꦠ[[ꦧꦶꦤ꧀ꦠꦁ]]ꦭꦤ꧀[[ꦒꦭꦏ꧀ꦱꦶ]]꧉ꦢꦶꦏꦶꦫꦏꦶꦫꦲꦤꦤꦺꦩꦠꦺꦫꦶꦲꦶꦏꦶꦤꦶꦁ[[ꦄꦭꦩ꧀ꦝꦸꦚ]]ꦏꦪꦌꦥ꦳ꦺꦏ꧀ꦒꦿꦮ꦳ꦶꦠꦱꦶꦏꦁꦱꦺꦴꦏ꧀ꦤꦸꦚ꧀ꦗꦸꦏꦏꦺꦩꦤꦮꦱꦼꦧꦼꦤꦼꦫꦺꦲꦤꦩꦠꦺꦫꦶꦭꦶꦪꦏꦁꦭꦸꦮꦶꦃꦲꦏꦺꦃꦩꦤꦺꦃ꧈ꦱꦶꦁꦧꦶꦱꦢꦶꦲꦼꦩꦠꦶꦭꦁꦱꦸꦁ꧉ꦩꦠꦺꦫꦶꦥꦼꦠꦼꦁꦱꦺꦴꦏ꧀ꦧꦶꦱꦔ꧀ꦒꦮꦺꦏꦼꦠꦶꦣꦏ꧀ꦏꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦱꦶꦱ꧀ꦠꦺꦤꦤ꧀ꦱꦏ꧀ꦗꦺꦫꦺꦴꦤꦺꦠꦺꦪꦺꦴꦫꦶ[[ꦧꦶꦒ꧀ꦧꦁ|ꦢꦼꦤ꧀ꦠꦸꦩꦤ꧀ꦢꦃꦱꦾꦠ꧀]]꧉ ꧋ꦲꦤꦲꦺꦴꦫꦤꦺꦩꦠꦺꦫꦶꦥꦼꦠꦼꦁꦲꦶꦏꦶꦧꦶꦱꦤꦼꦤ꧀ꦠꦸꦏꦏꦺ[[ꦠꦏ꧀ꦝꦶꦂꦄꦏꦶꦂꦱꦏꦄꦭꦩ꧀ꦝꦸꦚ]]꧉ꦏꦶꦠꦔꦼꦂꦠꦼꦤꦶꦩꦤꦮꦱꦻꦏꦶꦄꦭꦩ꧀ꦱꦼꦩꦼꦱ꧀ꦠꦏꦼꦤꦥꦼꦔꦼꦩ꧀ꦧꦔꦤ꧀ꦲꦩꦂꦒꦕꦲꦾꦱꦏꦧꦼꦤ꧀ꦝꦭꦔꦶꦠ꧀ꦏꦁꦭꦸꦮꦶꦃꦩꦼꦤꦸꦚ꧀ꦗꦸꦏꦏꦺꦲꦤꦤꦺ[[ꦥꦼꦂꦒꦺꦱꦺꦫꦤ꧀ꦩꦺꦫꦃ]]꧉ꦲꦏꦺꦲꦺꦩꦠꦺꦫꦶꦧꦶꦪꦱꦏꦁꦏꦠꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦤꦶꦁꦲꦭꦩ꧀ꦱꦼꦩꦼꦱ꧀ꦠꦲꦺꦴꦫꦕꦸꦏꦸꦥ꧀ꦏꦁꦒꦺꦴꦔ꧀ꦒꦮꦺꦒꦿꦮ꦳ꦶꦠꦱꦶꦩꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦏꦏꦺꦥꦼꦔꦼꦩ꧀ꦧꦔꦤ꧀‌꧈ꦭꦤ꧀ꦲꦩꦂꦒꦲꦶꦏꦸ꧉ꦥꦼꦔꦼꦩ꧀ꦧꦔꦤ꧀ꦧꦏꦭ꧀ꦝꦶꦏꦼꦭꦏꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦱꦠꦺꦫꦸꦱꦺꦏꦫꦺꦴꦄꦤꦤꦺꦩꦠꦺꦫꦶꦒꦼꦭꦥ꧀꧈ꦭꦸꦩꦿꦲꦺ꧈ꦒꦸꦁꦒꦸꦔꦺꦩꦠꦺꦫꦶꦥꦼꦠꦼꦁꦏꦁꦕꦸꦏꦸꦥ꧀ꦤꦶꦁꦲꦭꦩ꧀ꦢꦺꦴꦚꦧꦶꦱꦩꦼꦚꦼꦧꦧꦏꦺꦥꦼꦔꦼꦩ꧀ꦧꦔꦤ꧀ꦲꦭꦩ꧀ꦱꦼꦩꦼꦱ꧀ꦠꦩꦤ꧀ꦝꦼꦏ꧀‌꧈ꦩꦭꦃꦧꦶꦱꦱꦮꦭꦶꦏꦺ(ꦏꦁꦲꦏꦶꦫꦺꦔ꧀ꦒꦮꦺꦲꦤ[[ꦧꦶꦒ꧀ꦕꦿꦸꦚ꧀ꦕ꧀ꦲ꧀]])꧉ꦤꦶꦁꦏꦼꦢꦝꦶꦪꦤ꧀ꦏꦁꦲꦤ꧈ꦱꦻꦏꦶꦲꦏꦺꦃꦥꦩꦁꦒꦶꦲꦤ꧀ꦩꦤꦮꦲꦺꦴꦧꦲꦤ꧀ꦲꦺꦴꦧꦲꦤ꧀ꦲꦭꦩ꧀ꦢꦸꦚꦢꦶꦢꦺꦴꦩꦶꦤꦱꦶꦢꦺꦤꦶꦁꦏꦺꦴꦩ꧀ꦥꦺꦴꦤꦺꦤ꧀ꦭꦶꦪꦤꦺ꧈[[ꦌꦤꦺꦂꦒꦶꦒꦼꦭꦥ꧀]]꧉ == ꦥꦿꦤꦭꦚ꧀ꦗꦧ == * [http://astron.berkeley.edu/~mwhite/darkmatter/hdm.html Hot dark matter] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030216141130/http://astron.berkeley.edu/~mwhite/darkmatter/hdm.html |date=2003-02-16 }} * [http://xxx.lanl.gov/find/nucl-ex,astro-ph,nucl-th,math-ph,hep-ex,physics,cond-mat,hep-lat,quant-ph,gr-qc,hep-ph,hep-th/1/fr:+EXACT+dark_matter/0/1/0/all/0/1 recent papers on dark matter]{{Pranala mati|date=December 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * [http://lpsc.in2p3.fr/tep/fred/dm.html Dark matter Portal] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050211145509/http://lpsc.in2p3.fr/tep/fred/dm.html |date=2005-02-11 }} * [http://www.astro.ucla.edu/~wright/cdm_found.html CDM Found?] * [http://www.livingreviews.org/lrr-2002-4 Timothy J. Sumner, "Experimental Searches for Dark Matter"] * [http://www.economist.com/science/displaystory.cfm?story_id=3556105 The Economist: Young solar systems are like cosmic snooker games, and the universe is flat] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070223150117/http://www.wired.com/news/space/0,2697,66487,00.html Scientists Find Missing Matter (Wired.com Feb 3rd 2005) ] * [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/wales/south_east/4288633.stm Astronomers find star-less galaxy (BBC News Feb 23rd 2005) ] [[Kategori:Kosmologi]] [[Kategori:ꦲꦏ꧀ꦱꦫꦗꦮ]] juykzivjrl0kemmu026z3dm4kzymb5d Kategori:Basa Malayu 14 196975 1759807 1691626 2026-11-03T10:48:50Z ~2026-55037-88 75055 /* */ 1759807 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Artikelutama}} {{Commonscat|Malay language}} [[Kategori:Melayu]] [[Kategori:Basa ing Indonésia|Malayu]] [[Kategori:Basa ing Malaysia|Malayu]] on14m5oiz8k8szcfrk371lbc6p1mcfv Ragnar Oratmangoen 0 197501 1759740 1730429 2026-11-03T00:42:54Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759740 wikitext text/x-wiki {{dwiaksara}} {{Infobox football biography |name = Ragnar Oratmangoen |fullname = Ragnar Anthonius Maria Oratmangoen<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.inews.id/sport/soccer/dpr-terima-berkas-naturalisasi-ragnar-oratmangoen-thom-haye-dan-maarten-paes|title=DPR Terima Berkas Naturalisasi Ragnar Oratmangoen, Thom Haye dan Maarten Paes|date=5 Maret 2024|accessdate=5 Maret 2024|language=id|publisher=Inews}}</ref> |image = Ragnar Oratmangoen.png |image_size = |caption = Oratmangoen bareng [[Tim nasional bal-balan Indonésia|Timnas Indonésia]] ing Maret 2024 |birth_date = {{birth date and age|1998|1|21|df=y}} |birth_place = {{flagicon|Walanda}} [[Oss]], [[Walanda]] |height = 180 cm<ref name = "WF"/> |position = [[Sayap (sepak bola)|Pemain sayap]], [[gelandang serang]] |currentclub = [[F.C.V. Dender E.H.|Dender]] |clubnumber = 26 |youthyears1 = 2016–2017 |youthclubs1 = [[NEC Nijmegen|NEC]] |years1 = 2017–2019 |clubs1 = [[NEC Nijmegen|NEC]] |caps1 = 0 |goals1 = 0 |years2 = 2018–2019 |clubs2 = → [[TOP Oss]] (silihan) |caps2 = 48 |goals2 = 5 |years3 = 2019–2021 |clubs3 = [[SC Cambuur|Cambuur]] |caps3 = 47 |goals3 = 12 |years4 = 2021–2022 |clubs4 = [[Go Ahead Eagles]] |caps4 = 33 |goals4 = 0 |years5 = 2022–2024 |clubs5 = [[FC Groningen|Groningen]] |caps5 = 20 |goals5 = 0 |years6 = 2023–2024 |clubs6 = → [[Fortuna Sittard]] (silihan) |caps6 = 27 |goals6 = 0 |years7 = 2024– |clubs7 = [[F.C.V. Dender E.H.|Dender]] |caps7 = 3 |goals7 = 1 |nationalteam1 = [[Tim nasional bal-balan Indonésia|Indonésia]] |nationalyears1 = 2024– |nationalcaps1 = 10 |nationalgoals1 = 2 |club-update = 3 Mei 2024 |nationalteam-update = 11 Juni 2024 }} '''Ragnar Anthonius Maria Oratmangoen''' ({{lahirmati||21|01| 1998}}) yaiku pemain [[bal-balan]] profesional Indonesia sing main minangka [[sayap (sepak bola)|pemain sayap]] utawa [[gelandang serang]] kanggo klub [[Liga Pro Belgia]] [[F.C.V. Dender E.H.|Dender]] lan [[Tim nasional bal-balan Indonésia|Timnas Indonésia]]. ==Urip pribadi== Lair ing [[Walanda]], Oratmangoen iku [[Muslim]] keturunan [[Wong Indonesia|Indonesia]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indosport.com/sepakbola/20200716/oratmangoen-penyerang-muslim-keturunan-indonesia-yang-main-di-belanda|title=Mengenal Ragnar Oratmangoen, Penyerang Muslim Keturunan Indonesia yang Main di Kasta Kedua Belanda|website=www.indosport.com|date=9 Mei 2021|language=id|access-date=2024-12-11|archive-date=2023-10-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231006052605/https://www.indosport.com/sepakbola/amp/20200716/oratmangoen-penyerang-muslim-keturunan-indonesia-yang-main-di-belanda#aoh=16205074906365&referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com&amp_tf=Dari%20%251%24s|url-status=dead}}</ref>karo simbah sing teka saka [[Fordata, Kepulauan Tanimbar|Fordata, Kepulauan Tanimbar, Maluku]]. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bolasport.com/read/313078859/kabar-terbaru-proses-naturalisasi-pemain-keturunan-incaran-shin-tae-yong|title=Kabar Terbaru Proses Naturalisasi Pemain Keturunan Incaran Shin Tae-yong|first=PT Prima Infosarana|last=Media|date=5 Januari 2022|website=bolasport.com|language=id}}</ref> Dheweke mlebu [[Islam]] nalika umure 15 taun.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bolasport.com/read/314044868/perjalanan-mualaf-ragnar-oratmangoen-dulu-kristen-dan-pindah-islam-sejak-usia-15-tahun|title=Perjalanan Mualaf Ragnar Oratmangoen, Dulu Kristen dan Pindah Islam Sejak Usia 15 Tahun|date=19 March 2024|website=bolasport.com|publisher=bolasport|language=id}}</ref> Oratmangoen nduweni hubungan kekerabatan karo [[Daftar Duta Besar Indonesia kanggo China|Duta Besar Indonesia kanggo China lan Mongolia]] [[Djauhari Oratmangoen]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.satumaluku.id/2022/01/opa-dan-oma-ragnar-oratmangoen-dari.html|title=Opa dan Oma Ragnar Oratmangoen dari Fordata Tanimbar, Bersaudara dengan Dubes RI di China|editor=Taufik|date=8 January 2022|website=www.satumaluku.id|publisher=Satu Maluku|language=id|access-date=11 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240308123341/https://www.satumaluku.id/2022/01/opa-dan-oma-ragnar-oratmangoen-dari.html|archive-date=8 March 2024|url-status=dead}}</ref> Tanggal 18 Maret 2024, Oratmangoen resmi entuk kewarganegaraan Indonesia.<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://www.cnnindonesia.com/olahraga/20240318224249-142-1075903/ragnar-oratmangoen-dan-thom-haye-resmi-jadi-wni/amp |title=Rafnar Oratmangoen dan Thom Haye Resmi Jadi WNI|date=18 Maret 2024|website=www.cnnindonesia.com|publisher=CNN Indonesia|language=id}}</ref> ==Statistik karier== {{Updated|pertandingan dimainaké 3 Mèi 2024}} <ref name="SW">{{soccerway|ragnar-oratmangoen/531049|accessdate=3 May 2018}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+ Penampilan lan gul minurut klub, musim lan kompetisi !rowspan="2"|Klub !rowspan="2"|Musim !colspan="3"|Liga !colspan="2"|Piala KNVB !colspan="2"|Kontinental !colspan="2"|Lainnya !colspan="2"|Total |- !Divisi!!Tampil!!Gul!!Tampil!!Gul!!Tampil!!Gul!!Tampil!!Gul!!Tampil!!Gul!! |- |[[NEC Nijmegen|NEC]] |[[Eerste Divisie|2017–18]] |[[Eerste Divisie]] |0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|—||colspan="2"|—||0||0 |- |rowspan="3"|[[TOP Oss]] (silihan) |[[Eerste Divisie|2017–18]] |rowspan="2"|Eerste Divisie |18||2||0||0||colspan="2"|—||colspan="2"|—||18||2 |- |[[Eerste Divisie|2018–19]] |30||3||1||0||colspan="2"|—||colspan="2"|—||31||3 |- !colspan="2"|Total !48!!5!!1!!0!!colspan="2"|—!!colspan="2"|—!!49!!5 |- |rowspan="3"|[[SC Cambuur|Cambuur]] |[[Eerste Divisie|2019–20]] |rowspan="2"|Eerste Divisie |25||4||2||0||colspan="2"|—||colspan="2"|—||27||4 |- |[[Eerste Divisie|2020–21]] |22||8||1||0||colspan="2"|—||colspan="2"|—||23||8 |- !colspan="2"|Total !47!!12!!3!!0!!colspan="2"|—!!colspan="2"|—!!50!!12 |- |[[Go Ahead Eagles]] |[[Eredivisie|2021–22]] |[[Eredivisie]] |33||0||5||0||colspan="2"|—||colspan="2"|—||38||0 |- |rowspan="3"|[[FC Groningen|Groningen]] |[[Eredivisie|2022–23]] |Eredivisie |19||0||2||0||colspan="2"|—||colspan="2"|—||21||0 |- |[[Eerste Divisie|2023–24]] |Eerste Divisie |1||0||0||0||colspan="2"|—||colspan="2"|—||1||0 |- !colspan="2"|Total !20!!0!!2!!0!!colspan="2"|—!!colspan="2"|—!!22!!0 |- |[[Fortuna Sittard]] (silihan) |[[Eredivisie|2023–24]] |Eredivisie |27||0||4||0||colspan="2"|—||colspan="2"|—||31||0 |- |[[F.C.V. Dender E.H.|Dender]] |[[Belgian Pro League|2024–25]] |[[Belgian Pro League]] |0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|—||colspan="2"|—||0||0 |- !colspan="3"|Total karier !175!!17!!15!!0!!0!!0!!0!!0!!190!!17 |} === Tim nasional === {{updated|pertandingan sing dimainaké pada 19 Nopèmber 2024}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+ Penampilan lan gul berdasarkan tim nasional lan taun |- !Tim nasional!!Taun!!Penampilan!!Gul |- |[[Tim nasional bal-balan Indonésia|Indonesia]] |2024||10||2 |- !colspan=2|Total||10||2 |} === Gol internasional === {{updated|pertandingan sing dimainaké ing 10 Oktober 2024}} {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" |+Tabel kunci ! scope="row" style="text-align:center; background:#9F9" | | Nuduhaké Indonesia menangaké pertandingan |- ! scope="row" style="text-align:center; background:#ffb" | | Nunjukaké pertandingan bedu |- ! scope="row" style="text-align:center; background:#F99" | | Nunjukaké Indonesia kalah ing pertandingan |} {| class="wikitable sortable" |+Daftar gol internasional Ragnar Oratmangoen untuk tim nasional Indonesia |- ! scope="col" | {{abbr|No.|Jumlah gol kumulatif}} ! scope="col" | Tanggal ! scope="col" | Lokasi ! scope="col" | Lawan ! scope="col" | Skor ! scope="col" | Hasil ! scope="col" | Kompetisi |- ! scope="row" | 1. | 26 Maret 2024 || [[Stadion Nasional Mỹ Đình]], [[Hanoi]], Vietnam || {{fb|PHI}} | style="text-align:center" | '''2'''–0 | style="text-align:center" {{won|3–0}} | rowspan= "2" | [[Kualifikasi Piala Dunia FIFA 2026]] |- ! scope="row" | 2. | 10 Oktober 2024 || [[Stadion Nasional Bahrain]], [[Riffa]], Bahrain || {{fb|Bahrain}} | style="text-align:center" | '''1'''–1 | style="text-align:center" {{pending|2–2}} |} ==Rujukan== {{Reflist}} [[Kategori:Pamain bal-balan Indonésia]] [[Kategori:Pamain bal-balan]] 7ktf0l6ao526c22kwnmu0tehy8ocz52 ꦫꦒ꧀ꦤꦂꦎꦫꦠ꧀ꦩꦔꦸꦤ꧀ 0 197557 1759816 1730438 2026-11-03T11:43:08Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759816 wikitext text/x-wiki {{dwiaksara-jv|Ragnar Oratmangoen}} {{Infobox football biography |name = ꦫꦒ꧀ꦤꦂꦎꦫꦠ꧀ꦩꦔꦸꦤ꧀ |fullname = ꦫꦒ꧀ꦤꦂꦄꦤ꧀ꦛꦺꦴꦤꦶꦪꦸꦱ꧀ꦩꦫꦶꦪꦎꦫꦠ꧀ꦩꦔꦸꦤ꧀<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.inews.id/sport/soccer/dpr-terima-berkas-naturalisasi-ragnar-oratmangoen-thom-haye-dan-maarten-paes|title=DPR Terima Berkas Naturalisasi Ragnar Oratmangoen, Thom Haye dan Maarten Paes|date=5 Maret 2024|accessdate=5 Maret 2024|language=id|publisher=Inews}}</ref> |image = Ragnar Oratmangoen.png |image_size = |caption = ꦎꦫꦠ꧀ꦩꦔꦸꦤ꧀ꦧꦉꦁ[[Tim nasional bal-balan Indonésia|ꦠꦶꦩ꧀ꦤꦱ꧀ꦆꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦴꦤꦺꦱꦶꦪ]]ꦲꦶꦁꦩꦉꦠ꧀꧇꧒꧐꧒꧔꧇ |birth_date = {{birth date and age|1998|1|21|df=y}} |birth_place = {{flagicon|Walanda}} [[Oss|ꦎꦱ꧀ꦱ꧀]]꧈[[Walanda|ꦮꦭꦤ꧀ꦝ]] |height = 180 cm<ref name = "WF"/> |position = [[Sayap (sepak bola)|ꦥꦼꦩꦻꦤ꧀ꦱꦼꦮꦶꦮꦶ]]꧈[[gelandang serang|ꦒꦼꦭꦤ꧀ꦢꦁꦱꦼꦫꦁ]] |currentclub = [[F.C.V. Dender E.H.|ꦢꦺꦤ꧀ꦢꦼꦂ]] |clubnumber = 26 |youthyears1 = 2016–2017 |youthclubs1 = [[NEC Nijmegen|ꦤꦌꦕ]] |years1 = 2017–2019 |clubs1 = [[NEC Nijmegen|ꦤꦌꦕ]] |caps1 = 0 |goals1 = 0 |years2 = 2018–2019 |clubs2 = → [[TOP Oss|ꦠꦎꦥꦎꦱ꧀ꦱ꧀]] (ꦱꦶꦭꦶꦃꦲꦤ꧀) |caps2 = 48 |goals2 = 5 |years3 = 2019–2021 |clubs3 = [[SC Cambuur|ꦕꦩ꧀ꦧꦹꦂ]] |caps3 = 47 |goals3 = 12 |years4 = 2021–2022 |clubs4 = [[Go Ahead Eagles|ꦒꦺꦴꦄꦲꦺꦢ꧀ꦆꦒꦼꦭ꧀ꦱ꧀]] |caps4 = 33 |goals4 = 0 |years5 = 2022–2024 |clubs5 = [[FC Groningen|ꦒꦿꦺꦴꦤꦶꦔꦺꦤ꧀]] |caps5 = 20 |goals5 = 0 |years6 = 2023–2024 |clubs6 = → [[Fortuna Sittard|ꦥ꦳ꦺꦴꦂꦠꦸꦤꦱꦶꦠ꧀ꦠꦂꦢ꧀]] (ꦱꦶꦭꦶꦃꦲꦤ꧀) |caps6 = 27 |goals6 = 0 |years7 = 2024– |clubs7 = [[F.C.V. Dender E.H.|ꦢꦺꦤ꧀ꦢꦼꦂ]] |caps7 = 3 |goals7 = 1 |nationalteam1 = [[Tim nasional bal-balan Indonésia|ꦆꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦴꦤꦺꦱꦶꦪ]] |nationalyears1 = 2024– |nationalcaps1 = 10 |nationalgoals1 = 2 |club-update = 3 Mei 2024 |nationalteam-update = 11 Juni 2024 }} ꧋'''ꦫꦒ꧀ꦤꦂꦄꦤ꧀ꦛꦺꦴꦤꦶꦪꦸꦱ꧀ꦩꦫꦶꦪꦎꦫꦠ꧀ꦩꦔꦸꦤ꧀'''ꦪꦲꦶꦏꦸꦥꦼꦩꦻꦤ꧀[[ꦧꦭ꧀ꦧꦭꦤ꧀]]ꦥꦿꦺꦴꦥ꦳ꦺꦱꦶꦪꦺꦴꦤꦭ꧀ꦆꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦴꦤꦺꦱꦶꦪꦱꦶꦁꦩꦻꦤ꧀ꦩꦶꦤꦁꦏ[[sayap (sepak bola)|ꦥꦼꦩꦻꦤ꧀ꦱꦼꦮꦶꦮꦶ]]ꦲꦸꦠꦮ[[gelandang serang|ꦒꦼꦭꦤ꧀ꦢꦁꦱꦼꦫꦁ]]ꦏꦁꦒꦺꦴꦏ꧀ꦭꦸꦧ꧀[[Liga Pro Belgia|ꦭꦶꦒꦥꦿꦺꦴꦧꦺꦭ꧀ꦒꦶꦪ]][[F.C.V. Dender E.H.|ꦢꦺꦤ꧀ꦢꦼꦂ]]ꦭꦤ꧀[[Tim nasional bal-balan Indonésia|ꦠꦶꦩ꧀ꦤꦱ꧀ꦆꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦴꦤꦺꦱꦶꦪ]]꧉ ==ꦲꦸꦫꦶꦥ꧀ꦥꦿꦶꦧꦢꦶ== ꧋ꦭꦲꦶꦂꦲꦶꦁ[[ꦮꦭꦤ꧀ꦝ]]꧈ꦎꦫꦠ꧀ꦩꦔꦺꦴꦮꦺꦤ꧀ꦲꦶꦏꦸ[[ꦩꦸꦱ꧀ꦭꦶꦩ꧀]]ꦏꦼꦠꦸꦫꦸꦤ꧀ꦤꦤ꧀[[ꦮꦺꦴꦁꦆꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦴꦤꦺꦱꦶꦪ|ꦆꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦴꦤꦺꦱꦶꦪ]]꧈<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indosport.com/sepakbola/20200716/oratmangoen-penyerang-muslim-keturunan-indonesia-yang-main-di-belanda|title=Mengenal Ragnar Oratmangoen, Penyerang Muslim Keturunan Indonesia yang Main di Kasta Kedua Belanda|website=www.indosport.com|date=9 Mei 2021|language=id|access-date=2024-12-12|archive-date=2023-10-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231006052605/https://www.indosport.com/sepakbola/amp/20200716/oratmangoen-penyerang-muslim-keturunan-indonesia-yang-main-di-belanda#aoh=16205074906365&referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com&amp_tf=Dari%20%251%24s|url-status=dead}}</ref>ꦏꦫꦺꦴꦱꦶꦩ꧀ꦧꦃꦱꦶꦁꦠꦼꦏꦱꦏ[[ꦥ꦳ꦺꦴꦂꦢꦠ꧈ꦏꦥꦸꦭꦺꦴꦮꦤ꧀ꦠꦤꦶꦩ꧀ꦧꦂ|ꦥ꦳ꦺꦴꦂꦢꦠ꧈ꦏꦥꦸꦭꦺꦴꦮꦤ꧀ꦠꦤꦶꦩ꧀ꦧꦂ꧈ꦩꦭꦸꦏꦸ]]꧉<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bolasport.com/read/313078859/kabar-terbaru-proses-naturalisasi-pemain-keturunan-incaran-shin-tae-yong|title=Kabar Terbaru Proses Naturalisasi Pemain Keturunan Incaran Shin Tae-yong|first=PT Prima Infosarana|last=Media|date=5 Januari 2022|website=bolasport.com|language=id}}</ref> ꦝꦺꦮꦺꦏꦺꦩ꧀ꦭꦼꦧꦸ[[ꦆꦱ꧀ꦭꦩ꧀]]ꦤꦭꦶꦏꦲꦸꦩꦸꦂꦫꦺ꧇꧑꧕꧇ꦠꦲꦸꦤ꧀꧉<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bolasport.com/read/314044868/perjalanan-mualaf-ragnar-oratmangoen-dulu-kristen-dan-pindah-islam-sejak-usia-15-tahun|title=Perjalanan Mualaf Ragnar Oratmangoen, Dulu Kristen dan Pindah Islam Sejak Usia 15 Tahun|date=19 March 2024|website=bolasport.com|publisher=bolasport|language=id}}</ref> ꦎꦫꦠ꧀ꦩꦔꦸꦤ꧀ꦤ꧀ꦢꦸꦮꦺꦤꦶꦲꦸꦧꦸꦔꦤ꧀ꦏꦼꦏꦼꦫꦧꦠ꧀ꦠꦤ꧀ꦏꦫꦺꦴ[[ꦢꦥ꦳꧀ꦠꦂꦢꦸꦠꦧꦺꦱꦂꦆꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦴꦤꦺꦱꦶꦪꦏꦁꦒꦺꦴꦕꦶꦤ|ꦢꦸꦠꦧꦺꦱꦂꦆꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦴꦤꦺꦱꦶꦪꦏꦁꦒꦺꦴꦕꦶꦤꦭꦤ꧀ꦩꦺꦴꦔꦺꦴꦭꦶꦪ]][[ꦗꦻꦴꦲꦫꦶꦎꦫꦠ꧀ꦩꦔꦸꦤ꧀]]꧉<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.satumaluku.id/2022/01/opa-dan-oma-ragnar-oratmangoen-dari.html|title=Opa dan Oma Ragnar Oratmangoen dari Fordata Tanimbar, Bersaudara dengan Dubes RI di China|editor=Taufik|date=8 January 2022|website=www.satumaluku.id|publisher=Satu Maluku|language=id|access-date=12 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240308123341/https://www.satumaluku.id/2022/01/opa-dan-oma-ragnar-oratmangoen-dari.html|archive-date=8 March 2024|url-status=dead}}</ref> ꦠꦁꦒꦭ꧀꧇꧑꧘꧇ꦩꦉꦠ꧀꧇꧒꧐꧒꧔꧇꧈ꦎꦫꦠ꧀ꦩꦔꦸꦤ꧀ꦉꦱ꧀ꦩꦶꦲꦺꦤ꧀ꦠꦸꦏ꧀ꦏꦼꦮꦂꦒꦤꦺꦒꦫꦲꦤ꧀ꦆꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦴꦤꦺꦱꦶꦪ꧉<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://www.cnnindonesia.com/olahraga/20240318224249-142-1075903/ragnar-oratmangoen-dan-thom-haye-resmi-jadi-wni/amp |title=Rafnar Oratmangoen dan Thom Haye Resmi Jadi WNI|date=18 Maret 2024|website=www.cnnindonesia.com|publisher=CNN Indonesia|language=id}}</ref> ==ꦫꦸꦗꦸꦏꦤ꧀== {{Reflist}} [[Kategori:Pamain bal-balan Indonésia]] [[Kategori:Pamain bal-balan]] [[Kategori:ꦲꦏ꧀ꦱꦫꦗꦮ]] 8mnaf72gppy0tczy6pr9petzgvzd18b Pasanggrahan Ambarrukma 0 198599 1759713 1734160 2026-11-02T21:12:33Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759713 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Pasanggrahan Ambarrukma''' ([[Aksara Carakan|Carakan]]: ꦥꦱꦁ​ꦒꦿꦃꦲꦤ꧀ꦲꦩ꧀ꦧꦂꦫꦸꦏ꧀ꦩ) iku komplèks kang kadadèn saka sawetara wangunan cagar budaya, nanging saiki kang isih madeg namung ana wolung wangunan, yaiku Pendhapa, Parétan, Dalem Ageng, Balé Kambang, Slasar, Gandhok Tengen sarta sapérangan pager tuwin gapura. == Tata wewangunan == Wangunan sing tasih ana lan diilangake amargi ana pembangunan hotel yaiku Gandok Kiwa lan Selasar wetan. Plaza Ambarrukmo dipunbangun ugi ngilangake pirangan wangunan lan ngetok separo Gandhok Tengen.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://jogjacagar.jogjaprov.go.id/detail/4045/pesanggrahan-ambarukmo|title=JOGJACAGAR {{!}} Sistem Informasi Cagar Budaya|website=jogjacagar.jogjaprov.go.id|access-date=2025-05-17}} {{Pranala mati|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Liyane iku yo ana nemu Struktur [[Cagar budaya ing Kabupatèn Sléman|Cagar Budaya]] nang ngajengane dalan Laksda Adi Sucipto. Mulane Pesanggrahan Ambrrukma iku komplek sing jembar ana wangunan-wangunan tasih utuh , yaitu: * Pendhapa menika wangunan kanthi arsitektur tradisional Jawa jenis Joglo. Duwuran gendèng brunjung, pananggap, lan èmpèr pada kepapat sisih, saha paningrat wonten ing tiga sisi kiwa - tengen lan ngajeng. * Dalem Ageng iku wangunan arsitektur tradisional Jawa sing dhapur griya limasan. Molonya membujur madep ngajeng lan wingking. * Paretan inggih menika bangunan ingkang wonten ing antawis Pandhapa dengan Dalem Ageng. Inggih menika Paretan amarga kangge ngendekake rata kuda ingkang dadi titihan jaman mbiyen. Papan mekaten kathah dipun panggihi wonten ing Dalem-Dalem Pangeran. * Bale Kambang iku wangunan ana atap tajug, nganggo wolu widang atap bentuke segitelu utawa dalam bahasa Jawa disebut kejen. ning wagian dhuwur sirep ana mahkota kaya wangunan nggo sirap tajug di Kraton Yogyakarta. * Selasar iku wangunan ngathuke Dalem Ageng karo Gandhok. wonten kalih selasar sing hubungke nDalem Ageng karo Gandhok Tengen. * Gandhok tasih nyisake Gandhok Tengen, wonten sisih kulon nDalem Ageng. Atap gandhok berbentuk limasan ana emper ten ngajeng. Gandhok iku wangunan ana bagian ruangan termasuk jeding/ kulah. == Gladri == <gallery> File:Pendhapa Ageng Ambarrukma.jpg File:Back Side Building of the Pesanggrahan Ambarrukma.jpg File:Park Area in the Pesanggrahan Ambarrukmo.jpg File:Bale Kambang in the Pesanggrahan Ambarrukmo (1).jpg </gallery> == Rujukan == <references /> [[Kategori:Adipusaka Project]] [[Kategori:Cagar budaya ing Sléman]] sn397y4o8907raezfplw1b0wwtbmzpc Pasaréan Patih Danureja II 0 198602 1759717 1734166 2026-11-02T21:22:58Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759717 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Pasaréan Patih Danureja II''' ([[Aksara Carakan|Carakan]]: ꦥꦱꦫꦺꦪꦤ꧀ꦥꦠꦶꦃꦢꦤꦸꦉꦗ꧇꧒꧇​) iku salah sawijining wangunan cagar budaya ing [[Kabupatèn Sléman]]. Pasaréan iki mapan ana ing padukuhan Mlangi, kecamatan Gamping, kabupatèn Sleman. Pasaréan punika dadi salah sijining situs sujarah ingkang wigati. Pasaréan punika dadi pratandha kiprah Patih Danureja II, minangka salah siji patih utama ing [[Kasultanan Ngayogyakarta|Kasultanan Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat]], nalika pamaréntahan [[Hamengkubuwana II|Sultan Hamengkubuwana II]] nganti IV. Makam punika dikepung rerimbangan wit lan swasana tentrem, dadi pralambang pangajab ayem lan waskita kang ngancik ing dedalemé. Kanthi arsitektur makam gagrak Jawa klasik, pasaréan iki ora mung sasanalaya kaya padatané , nanging uga wujud tetenger tumrap jasa-jasa lan ketulusan Patih Danureja II ngluhuraké kraton uga rakyaté.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://jogjacagar.jogjaprov.go.id/detail/4091/lokasi-makam-patih-danurejo-ii#:~:text=Lokasi%20Makam%20Patih%20Danurejo%20II%20merupakan%20area%20pemakaman%20Patih%20Danurejo,,%20Kecamatan%20Gamping,%20Kabupaten%20Sleman.|title=JOGJACAGAR {{!}} Sistem Informasi Cagar Budaya|website=jogjacagar.jogjaprov.go.id|access-date=2025-06-03}} {{Pranala mati|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Gladri == <gallery> File:Gate to the Tomb of Patih Danureja II - Mlangi Tomb Complex.jpg File:Mlangi Cemetery Complex Area (1).jpg File:Mlangi Cemetery Complex Area (2).jpg File:Makam Patih Danurejo II.jpg </gallery> == Rujukan == [[Kategori:Adipusaka Project]] [[Kategori:Cagar budaya ing Sléman]] knmgma3zdwfyn8gvolj0gyaw64ha25e Pasanggrahan Hargapèni 0 198676 1759714 1734116 2026-11-02T21:14:11Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759714 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Barkas:Pesanggrahan Hargopeni (1).jpg|jmpl|Pesanggrahan Hargopéni]] '''Pasanggrahan Hargapèni''' ([[Aksara Carakan|carakan]]: ꦥꦱꦁ​ꦒꦿꦃꦲꦤ꧀ꦲꦂꦒꦥꦺꦤꦶ) inggih punika kelebet lebet daftar cagar budaya ingkang wonten ing tlatah Kabupatèn Sléman, sakepripun dipuntetepaken nglangkungi keputusan Bupati Sléman Nomer 6.13/Kep. KDH/A/2019 bab penetapan status cagar budaya Kabupaten [[Sléman, Sléman|Sléman]] warsa 2019. Bangunan puniki wajib dipunlindungi saha dipunjagi keaslian lan kelestantunanipun, cocog kaliyan ketentuan ingkang kacantum lebet undang-undang nomer 11 warsa 2010 bab cagar budaya<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://kebudayaan.slemankab.go.id/post/bangunan-pesanggrahan-hargopeni-1|title=BANGUNAN PESANGGRAHAN HARGOPENI}}{{Pranala mati|date=June 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>. == Kawontenan Wewangunan == Pesanggrahan Hargopèni inggih punika kediaman gadhahipun keluwargi Kadipaten Pakualaman ingkang dipunbangun sawentawis dekade 1930-an, ing masa pamarintahan paku alam VII. Perancang bangunan puniki inggih punika Ir. Wreksodiningrat, setunggaling tiyang insinyur pribumi pertami ingkang nempah pendidikan wonten [[Walanda|Walandi]] saha inggih punika anggota keluwargi kadipaten. Pesanggrahan puniki nate difungsikaken dados papan nyipeng kangge delegasi [[Ostrali|Australia]] lebeting rembagan komisi tigang nagari ing 13 Januari 1948. Salami mlampahipun agresi militer [[Walanda|Walandi]] II, bangunan puniki dipunangge dados kamp tahanan perang. Kejawi puniku, bangunan pesanggrahan puniki nggadhahi nilai signifikan saking aspek budaya lan elmi kawruh, amargi angsal berfungsi dados media kangge mangertosi aktivitas gesang masa rumiyin saha tepang arsitektur gaya indis enggal (new indies style). Nilai-nilai wigatos ingkang kekandhut wonten lebetipun betah dipunsanjangaken lan dipunsebarluasaken kalih generasi enem]. pinten-pinten bab ingkang betah dados tilaran dados bentuk transfer kawruh nyakup aspek pasinaon kangge mangertosi (learn to know), nggih saking sisi kognitif utawi afektif. Upaya puniki gadhah tujuwan kangge nukulaken kesadaran ajeng kesejahteraan, kebanggaan, raos nggadhahi, saha kepedulian kalih sejarah lan tilaran budaya bangsa<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://kebudayaan.slemankab.go.id/post/bangunan-pesanggrahan-hargopeni-1|title=Bangunan Pesanggrahan Hargopeni}}{{Pranala mati|date=June 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>. Ngantos sapunika, kepemilikan Pesanggrahan Hargopèni taksih wonten ing ngandhap Kadipatèn Pakualaman. Pesanggrahan Hargopeni inggih menika wangunan ingkang wonten ing Dalan Siaga, Padukuhan Kaliurang Kilen, Kalurahan Hargobinangun, Kapanéwon Pakem, Kabupatèn [[Sléman, Sléman|Sléman.]] Wangunan menika dipunginakaken kangge panggonan nginep Kaluwarga Pakualaman. Pesanggrahan Hargopèni menika nggadahi model arsitektur ''New Indies Style'' setunggaling perpaduan antawis arsitektur modern [[Walanda|Walandi]] lan tradisional nusantara ingkang dipuntrepaken kalih iklim tropis [[Indhonésia|Indonesia]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://direktoribudaya.slemankab.go.id/detail/pesanggrahan-hargopeni-7028|title=Pesanggrahan Hargopeni}}{{Pranala mati|date=June 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>. Wangunan Pesanggrahan Hargopèni menika nggadahi detil wangunan: ornamen wangunan gaya ''Art Noveau'', kang wonten kaca patri motif tuwuhan ing kaca cendela lan pintu, nggadahi atap limasan lan atap payung saha gendheng tipe kodhok lan hiasan nok acroterie lan uga wonten penangkal petir. Tembok perangan ngandhap nggadahi hiasan watu belah (rubble wall) ingkang wonten ing tembok perangan jawi<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://jogjacagar.jogjaprov.go.id/detail/4094/displayrecords-i-nama-warisan|title=JOGJACAGAR {{!}} Sistem Informasi Cagar Budaya|website=jogjacagar.jogjaprov.go.id|access-date=2025-06-01}} {{Pranala mati|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>. Pesanggrahan Hargopèni madeg saking tigang perangan utami: bangunan utami, bangunan pendukung, lan garasi. Ing bangunan utami wonten setunggal mbale, sa ruang keluwargi ingkang terhubung kalih ruang nedha, sekawan kamar tilem, kalih wingking, saha setunggaling area ingkang difungsikaken dados pawon resik ingkang papan wonten wingkinging ruang keluwargi. Bangunan pendukung wonten ing wingking bangunan utami kalih bentuk sarupi aksara L lan terhubung dening selasar (doorlop). Wonten lebetipun wonten sekawan kamar tilem, sa wingking, gudang, saha pawon. bangunan puniki didominasi dening warni cat jene gading lan ijem. Sawentawis puniku, garasi papan wonten perangan andhaping halaman. Bangunan puniki nggadhahi konten kajeng lan atap seng, saha nyakup ruang kangge kendaraan lan ruang penjaga. Dinding garasi dihiasi kalih sela kali tempel sapalih badan saha ornamen konsol tosan ingkang papan wonten sudut antawis atap lan dinding. Ing warsa 2018, Dhines Kabudayan Laladan Istimewa Yogyakarta nglampahaken pandamelan rehabilitasi kalih bangunan puniki. Kegiatan dandosan nyakup bangunan utami, bangunan wingking, garasi, saha penataan area halaman. Ing bangunan utami, pandamelan ingkang dipunlampahaken ngliputi pembersihan genteng lami saking kotoran lan lumut, panggantosan genteng risak kelebet genteng bubungan, dandosan saperangan kajeng usuk lan reng, panggantosan plafon ing perangan tritisan, lisplang, saha talang datar lan jejeg. kKejawi puniku, ugi dipunlampahaken panggantosan kaca patri, pembersihan lan pemolesan jogan tegel, pengecatan, saha dandosan sistem jaringan toya resik<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://budaya.jogjaprov.go.id/artikel/detail/Rehabilitasi-Pesanggrahan-Hargopeni-di-Tahun-2018|title=Rehabilitasi Pesanggrahan Hargopeni di Tahun 2018}}</ref>. == Rujukan == <references /> [[Kategori:Adipusaka Project]] [[Kategori:Cagar budaya ing Sléman]] e651tk4novv06nxu8n0w4ibmaiw1pk4 Pasaréan J.F. de Bly 0 198689 1759716 1734118 2026-11-02T21:21:20Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759716 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Makam J.F. de Bly (2).jpg|thumb|Pasaréan J.F. de Bly]] '''Pasaréan J.F. de Bly''' wonten ing papan Pasaréan Sono Praloyo Klaseman [[Kalipentung]]. Papan pasaréan menika kinten-kinten 500m wonten tilasan [[Pabrik Gula Tanjung Tirto]]. Pasaréan menika awujud kothak lan wonten inggilipun awujud limas. Pasaréan menika dipundamel saking [[watu]] bata lan plèsteran bligo (campuran enjet lan tetumpukan bata). Wonten pasaréan menika wonten prasasti ingkang kadamel saking marmer ukuran 36cm x 36cm. Prasasti menika ngewrat inskripsi ingkang kaserat: HIER RUST VROUWE J.F.DE BLY Geb. 21-8-1823 Overl. 1-9-1905 R.I.P.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://jogjacagar.jogjaprov.go.id/detail/990/displayrecords-i-nama-warisan#|title=JOGJACAGAR {{!}} Sistem Informasi Cagar Budaya|website=jogjacagar.jogjaprov.go.id|access-date=2025-05-27}} {{Pranala mati|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Sejarah == Pasaréan menika kagunganipun tiyang putri ingkang asmanipun J.F. de Bly. Piyambakipun séda nalika yuswa 82 taun. <ref name=":0" /> == Rujukan == <references /> [[Kategori:Adipusaka Project]] [[Kategori:Cagar budaya ing Sléman]] kakpahkvm0mcte7wr2h0oqgh2h048do Pasar Srowolan 0 198700 1759715 1734150 2026-11-02T21:19:30Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1759715 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Pasar Srowolan (2).jpg|thumb|Pasar Srowolan]]'''Pasar Srowolan''' ([[Aksara Carakan|Carakan]]: ​ꦥꦱꦂꦱꦿꦺꦴꦮꦺꦴꦭ꧀ꦭꦤ꧀) yaiku bangunan los kebuka ngadhek saka lima jèjèr saka lor tekan kidul. Denah bentuk segi panjang, payon bentuk é pelana saka [[Gendhèng|gendhéng]]. [[Gendhèng|Gendhéng]] e nduwèni tutup gablé saka sèng gelombang ing loro pinggiran é. Payon los Pasar Srowolan disangga déning enem cagak sing digawé saka wesi. saben rangka wesi disambung nganggo baut. adhedhasar prasasti kang katulis ing salah sawijining rangka wesi, wesi-wesi iki digawé déning pabrik baja [[Guttéhofnungshotté]] ing [[Jerman|Jérman]]. Mléstèr los digawé saka bata sing dilapisi pléstèran semen kanthi dhuwur 35 cm saka lumahing lemah. Ing salah sijining los, ana lèmpèngan saka wesi sing katulis "''“BRAAT SOERABAIA DJOCJA TEGAL SOEKABOEMI “".''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://jogjacagar.jogjaprov.go.id/detail/1019/pasar-srowolan|title=JOGJACAGAR {{!}} Sistem Informasi Cagar Budaya|website=jogjacagar.jogjaprov.go.id|access-date=2025-06-10}} {{Pranala mati|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Bangunan Pasar Srowolan nggunakaké gaya arsitéktur tradhisional kanthi bahan bangunan modérn. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://jogjacagar.jogjaprov.go.id/detail/1019/pasar-srowolan|title=JOGJACAGAR {{!}} Sistem Informasi Cagar Budaya|website=jogjacagar.jogjaprov.go.id|access-date=2025-05-27}} {{Pranala mati|date=November 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Ing sisih kulon pasar, ana tilas kemantrén lan gudhang uyah sing saiki digunakaké dadi TK. Pasar Srowolan isih kairuwat kanthi apik, sanadyan ing taun 1970-an sémpét ngalami pérbaikan ing bagéan rangka payoné, lan kondhisi wesi wiwit karaten.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://direktoribudaya.slemankab.go.id/detail/pasar-srowolan-2550|title=}}{{Pranala mati|date=June 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Pasar Srowolan didegaké ing taun 1896 dening Kasultanan Yogyakarta bébarengan karo didegaké Kamantrén, kanthi dina pasarané tiba ing dina Wagé. Ing jaman biyén, pasar iki ramé dikunjungi amarga anané midhang, upacara tradhisional minangka wujud syukur amarga kabulé panyuwunan. Bangunan pasar sing ana saiki minangka asil pemugaran sing ditindhakaké dening Sultan Hamengkubuwana VIII ing taun 1921, digarap dening N.V. Contrutié Atéliér Dér Vorsténlandén Djogjakarta kanthi material saka N.V. Braat. biyén ana pédagang Tionghoa ing sisih kulon pasar, nanging wis ora dodolan manéh wiwit jaman Agrési Militér Bélanda II. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://direktoribudaya.slemankab.go.id/detail/pasar-srowolan-2550|title=Pasar Srowolan}}{{Pranala mati|date=June 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Srowolan == Srowolan iku salah sawijining padhukuhan cilik sing dumunung ing léréng [[Gunung Merapi]], nanging bisa nduwéni péran pénting ing jaman pérjuangan. Padhukuhan iki kalébu ing wilayah Kalurahan Purwobinangun, [[Kabupatèn Sléman]]. Dunungé sing adoh saka raméné nandhakaké padhukuhan iki malah aktif ing perjuangan ngadhekaké cita-cita proklamasi. Dunungé padhukuhan sing adoh iki bisa nduwèni peran mempertahanaké kamardikan amarga ing kana ana pasar. Ing jaman [[Agresi Militér Bélanda|Agresi Militér Bélanda II]], pasar minéngka lembaga ékonomi, kagiatané mandheg total. bisa diarani pasar-pasar gedhé sing ana ing wilayah Sléman lumpuh. Pasar Srowolan bisa ngganti kedudukan pasar gédhé kasébut. Panalitén iki nyoba ngungkapaké sawijining episodé silik saka séjarah lokal, utamané perané pasar Srowolan ing jaman ''Agrési Militér Bélanda II''. Ing kajian ngenani pasar, penting banget kanggo nyoroti kondisi sosial-ékonomi masyarakat Srowolan. Kondisi sosial-ékonomi masyarakat saubeng pasar bisa dadi tolak ukur kanggo ngkaji perané pasar kasébut ing jaman perjuangan. Pasar Srowolan ing jaman perjuangan nduwéni péran minangka basis logistik, sarana pértukaran informasi, lan sarana mertahanké dhuwit. Aktivitas ing njéro Pasar Srowolan, kanthi ana hubungan timbal balik antarané masyarakat (sing ing njero Pasar Srowolan lan panuku) karo pedagang, antarané pédagang, utawa antarané panuku, ndhukung bangét péran kasébut ing jaman pérjuangan. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://kebudayaan.kemdikbud.go.id/bpkw10/pasar-srowolan-di-sleman-pada-masa-agresi-militer-belanda-ii/|title=Pasar Srowolan Di Sleman Pada Masa Agresi Militer Belanda II {{!}} Balai Pelestarian Nilai Budaya D.I. Yogyakarta|date=2014-08-21|language=en-US|access-date=2025-06-10}}</ref> == Kahanan wewangunan == Pasar Srowolan == Rujukan == <references /> [[Kategori:Adipusaka Project]] [[Kategori:Cagar budaya ing Sléman]] 0vxzswnrkrbe4y0pupg774t524yoazc Naraguna:Rickardi Logan Jort Runturambi 2 198885 1759794 1752679 2026-11-03T07:32:43Z Jawainda 75350 /* */ 1759794 wikitext text/x-wiki Nama; Rickardi Barok Jort Runturambi. Alamat; Tombatu, Sulawesi Utara, Indonesia. Pekerjaan; TNI AD, Intelijen, Sniper Dan Politikus Indonesia. Status; Istri Anak Orang Tua Semua Keluarga Di Rahasiakan Oleh Negara. Perlindungan; Di Lindungi Oleh Presiden Karna Aset Negara Pasukan kusus Indonesia. 717azyi3d8yla2iuqbryyeed5ifn7yz 1759795 1759794 2026-11-03T07:34:20Z Jawainda 75350 /* */ 1759795 wikitext text/x-wiki NAMA; Rickardi Barok Jort Runturambi. ALAMAT; Tombatu, Sulawesi Utara, Indonesia. PEKERJAAN; TNI AD, Intelijen, Sniper Dan Politikus Indonesia. STATUS; Istri Anak Orang Tua Semua Keluarga Di Rahasiakan Oleh Negara. PERLINDUNGAN; Di Lindungi Oleh Presiden Karna Aset Negara Pasukan kusus Indonesia. 0vksiuak2m8mbn6e7auk9oc8qjgiab4 Kawiwékan 0 200998 1759796 1759076 2026-11-03T07:40:49Z Meursault2004 3 /* Réferènsi */ 1759796 wikitext text/x-wiki {{short description|Émosi kang ngèmbètaké rasa seneng utawa ketir nalika mikiraké utawa ngantèni sawiji prastawa kang diarepaké}} {{About|émosi||}} [[Barkas:Harrison Fisher - Anticipation 1909.jpg|thumb|''Anticipation'' (1909) déning [[Harrison Fisher]]]] '''Kawiwékan''' utawa '''antisipasi''' ya iku sawiji [[émosi]] kang ngèmbètaké rasa seneng utawa ketir nalika mikiraké utawa ngantèni sawiji [[Pangarepan (filsafat)|prastawa kang diarepaké]]. Émosi wiwékan nyakup rasa [[wedi]], [[ketir]], gregut, [[pangarep-arep]], lan [[Kapracayan (èlmu sosial)|kapracayan]].<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Miceli|first1=Maria|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=z0aPBQAAQBAJ&dq=anticipation+emotion&pg=PP1|title=Expectancy and emotion|last2=Castelfranchi|first2=Cristiano|date=2014-11-27|publisher=OUP Oxford|isbn=978-0-19-150927-8|language=en}}</ref> Nalika prastawa kang diwiwékani gagal dumadi, hal iki njalari rasa [[gela]] (yèn prastawa iku positif) utawa [[Lega (émosi)|lega]] (yèn prastawa iku négatif). ==Deleng uga== *[[Titikira]] *[[Pangarepan (filsafat)]] *[[Pangarep-arep]] *[[Optimisme]] *[[Iman]] *[[Kapracayan dhiri]] *[[Kamareman sinumené]] ==Réferènsi== {{Reflist}} * {{emotion-navbox}} {{Mékanisme pananggulang}} [[Kategori:Mékanisme pananggulang]] [[Kategori:Émosi]] [[Kategori:Pangarep-arep]] epm8ri8stgly2gm9oliao1bm9vcuw82 René Auberjonois 0 201030 1759772 1759563 2026-11-03T05:17:42Z Meursault2004 3 + foto 1759772 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Rene Auberjonois, by Kyle Cassidy (Cropped).jpg|thumb|René Auberjonois]] '''René Auberjonois''' (1Juni 1940 - 8 Dhésèmber 2019) iku aktor Prancis-Amérika Sarékat. == Pranala njaba== [[Kategori:Lair 1940]] [[Kategori:Pati 2019]] [[Kategori:Paraga Star Trek]] clpm7eefugllix7367ilxnic5punt11 Cithakan:Country data Bengkulu 10 201031 1759734 2026-11-02T23:55:36Z ~2026-55037-88 75055 Kaca anyar: {{ {{{1<noinclude>|country showdata</noinclude>}}} | alias = Bengkulu | flag alias = Flag of Bengkulu.svg | size = {{{size|}}} | name = {{{name|}}} | kategori = Indonésia }} 1759734 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{1<noinclude>|country showdata</noinclude>}}} | alias = Bengkulu | flag alias = Flag of Bengkulu.svg | size = {{{size|}}} | name = {{{name|}}} | kategori = Indonésia }} tbhc2ukffycsnpes8keunlv4riczj9s Patti Yasutake 0 201032 1759773 2026-11-03T05:21:13Z Meursault2004 3 Rintisan saka [[:en:Patti Yasutake|]] 1759773 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Patty Yasutake''' (1953-2024) iku aktris Amérika Sarékat turunan Jepang. == Pranala njaba == [[Kategori:Lair 1953]] [[Kategori:Pati 2024]] [[Kategori:Paraga Star Trek]] 38b6zkg3ybxb2u1vs1ox1pzzimb0zwc 1759774 1759773 2026-11-03T05:25:56Z Meursault2004 3 /* Pranala njaba */ 1759774 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Patty Yasutake''' (1953-2024) iku aktris Amérika Sarékat turunan Jepang. == Filmografi == == Pranala njaba == [[Kategori:Lair 1953]] [[Kategori:Pati 2024]] [[Kategori:Paraga Star Trek]] 9cauf0cesm9wdcj6b1zsj8n5nd32yyi 1759775 1759774 2026-11-03T05:26:12Z Meursault2004 3 /* Filmografi */ 1759775 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Patty Yasutake''' (1953-2024) iku aktris Amérika Sarékat turunan Jepang. == Filmografi == * ''Tales of Meeting and Parting'' (1984) * ''[[Gung Ho (film)|Gung Ho]]'' (1986) – Umeki * ''[[Gung Ho (TV series)|Gung Ho]]'' (1986) (TV series) – Umeki Kazuhiro * ''[[The Wash (1988 film)|The Wash]]'' (1988) – Marsha * [[Tales from the Crypt (TV series)|Tales from the Crypt]] (1989) - Newscaster * ''[[Without Warning: The James Brady Story]]'' (1991) (TV movie) – Therapist * ''Fatal Friendship'' (1991) (TV movie) – Ling Landrum * ''[[Stop! Or My Mom Will Shoot]]'' (1992) – TV Newscaster Leslie * ''Blind Spot'' (1993) (TV movie) – Dr. Charbonneau * ''[[Donato and Daughter]]'' (1993) (TV movie) – Dr. Stewart * ''Lush Life'' (1993) (TV movie) – Doctor * ''[[Star Trek: The Next Generation]]'' (1994) – Nurse Alyssa Ogawa (16 episodes)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Maddox |first=David |date=2022-03-19 |title=Celebrating the Nurses of Star Trek |url=https://www.startrek.com/gallery/celebrating-the-nurses-of-star-trek |access-date=2023-04-07 |website=Star Trek |language=en}}</ref> * ''[[Star Trek Generations]]'' (1994) – Nurse Alyssa Ogawa * ''[[Dangerous Intentions]]'' (1995) – Lois * ''[[Abandoned and Deceived]]'' (1995) (TV movie) * ''Road to Galveston'' (1996) (TV movie) – Nurse Dickerson * ''[[Star Trek: First Contact]]'' (1996) – Nurse Alyssa Ogawa * ''[[Clockwatchers]]'' (1997) – Theater Woman (uncredited) * ''A Face to Kill For'' (1999) – D.A. Rowland * ''[[Drop Dead Gorgeous (film)|Drop Dead Gorgeous]]'' (1999) – Mrs. Howard * ''The Mutant Watch'' (2000) (TV movie) * ''[[Star Trek: Armada II]]'' (2001) (voice) – Additional Voices * ''[[ER (TV series)|ER]]'' (2003) – Kito * ''[[Cold Case (TV series)|Cold Case]]'' (2007) (TV Series) – Barbara Takahashi * ''[[Unbelievable!!!!!]]'' (2020) – Dr. Beverly Krasher<ref>{{Cite web | last=N'Duka | first=Amanda | date=2020-06-23 | title=Indie Rights Picks Up 'Star Trek' Parody Film 'Unbelievable!!!!!' Featuring Former Cast Members Plus Snoop Dogg | url=https://deadline.com/2020/06/indie-rights-star-trek-parody-unbelievable-1202966423/ | access-date=2023-04-07 | website=Deadline | language=en-US}}</ref> * ''[[Beef (TV series)|Beef]]'' (2023) (TV series) – Fumi<ref>{{Cite web | last=Robinson | first=Abby | date=2023-04-06 | title=Beef cast: Meet the characters in the Netflix dark comedy | url=https://www.radiotimes.com/tv/comedy/beef-cast-netflix/ | access-date=2023-04-07 | website=Radio Times | language=en}}</ref> * ''[[Like a Dragon: Infinite Wealth]]'' (2024) (voice) – Akane Kishida<ref>{{cite web |title=Patti Yasutake (visual voices guide) |url=https://www.behindthevoiceactors.com/Patti-Yasutake/ |website=Behind The Voice Actors |access-date=15 February 2024|type= A green check mark indicates that a role has been confirmed using a screenshot (or collage of screenshots) of a title's list of voice actors and their respective characters found in its credits or other reliable sources of information}}</ref> == Pranala njaba == [[Kategori:Lair 1953]] [[Kategori:Pati 2024]] [[Kategori:Paraga Star Trek]] hkpjpt87kaldteq39lmufm5u7us0niw