Wikipedia kabwiki https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asebter_agejdan MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.1 first-letter Media Uslig Mmeslay Amseqdac Amyannan umsqedac Wikipedia Amyannan n Wikipedia Tugna Amyannan n tugna MediaWiki Amyannan n MediaWiki Talɣa Amyannan n talɣa Tallat Amyannan n tallat Taggayt Amyannan n taggayt Awwur Amyannan uwwur Asenfaṛ Amyannan usenfaṛ TimedText TimedText talk Module Discussion module Event Event talk Sujet 3 9967 116345 74767 2026-05-06T13:05:10Z SHB2000 12199 SHB2000 yebeddel isem n usebtar seg [[Amyannan umsqedac:WiFábio/Archive 1]] ar [[Amyannan umsqedac:Difabio/Archive 1]] : Page automatiquement déplacée lors du renommage de l’utilisateur « [[Special:CentralAuth/WiFábio|WiFábio]] » en « [[Special:CentralAuth/Difabio|Difabio]] » 67559 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Archive for converted wikitext talk page|from=Amyannan umsqedac:Golongo|date=2016-08-19}} {{Ansuf}} [[user:issimo_15|issimo_15]] 21:29, 22 Mayyu 2016 (UTC) eohx3hq3a5kygrggj8juv9akrdgeuks 3 12049 116347 74789 2026-05-07T09:48:27Z EmausBot 1720 تصليح تحويلة مزدوجة إلى [[Amyannan umsqedac:Difabio/Archive 1]] 116347 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECTION [[Amyannan umsqedac:Difabio/Archive 1]] aew2r759ern1prigjs75yqv97mr5443 3 14680 116348 74768 2026-05-07T09:48:37Z EmausBot 1720 تصليح تحويلة مزدوجة إلى [[Amyannan umsqedac:Difabio/Archive 1]] 116348 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECTION [[Amyannan umsqedac:Difabio/Archive 1]] aew2r759ern1prigjs75yqv97mr5443 3 24385 116343 111573 2026-05-06T13:05:10Z SHB2000 12199 SHB2000 yebeddel isem n usebtar seg [[Amyannan umsqedac:WiFábio]] ar [[Amyannan umsqedac:Difabio]] : Page automatiquement déplacée lors du renommage de l’utilisateur « [[Special:CentralAuth/WiFábio|WiFábio]] » en « [[Special:CentralAuth/Difabio|Difabio]] » 111573 wikitext text/x-wiki * [[Amyannan umsqedac:WiFábio/Flow]] tde7xqu1ac89l1b8submwwlcqazljun 0 25455 116349 116342 2026-05-07T11:10:54Z Gurzil90x 14292 Arniɣ-d ayen ilaqen 116349 wikitext text/x-wiki Tigzi taragmawant neɣ Tigzi n tmacint (IA) d aḥric agejdan deg '''tsenselkimt''' i yessegzayen amek ara nefk i tmacinin neɣ i '''yiselkimen''' tazmert akken ad xedmen tiwuriwin i yesran tigzi n umdan. Gar tiwuriwin-a, nezmer ad nebder: almad, asissen n wawal d tutlayin, tuffɣa n tigtiwin (tifrat) i wuguren deg yal aḥric, akked tmuɣli d usekfel n tugniwin. == Tigzi Taragmawant (IA): Amezruy, Tiwuriwin d Yinalkamen deg Yimal == === Amezruy d Temhazt === Xas akken asugen n tmacinin i yesɛan tazmert n tidmi yella-d zik deg tsekla, aḥric-a n tussna ibedd s wudem unṣib deg yiseggasen n 1950. S tmuɣli ɣer umezruy n tiktut-a, nezmer ad t-nebḍu ɣef kraḍ(tlata) talliyin: * '''Tallit n usugen:''' Deg yiseggasen imenza, imusnawen llan ssexdamen iwarzimen isehlen iwakken ad fken i tmacint asurif amezwaru n usegzi(ufeham). Tallit-a tebda-d mi d-yebda wemdan yettxemmim amek ara yessers tiḥerci d tegzi-ines deg tmacint. Nezmer ad nebḍu tallit-a ɣef kra n tneqqiḍin tigejdanin: # '''Alan Turing d Ukayad-is (1950):''' Send ad d-iban yisem n "Tigzi Taragmawant", amusnaw n tusnakt d tsenselkimt Alan Turing yessers-d yiwen n usteqsi agejdan: ''"Tzemmer tmacint ad txemmem?"''. Iwakken ad d-yerr ɣef usteqsi-a, yesnulfa-d ayen umi ssawalen "Akayad n Turing" (Test de Turing). Iswi n ukayad-a d asekfel ma yezmer uselkim ad yurar d umdan s wudem ara yeǧǧen amdan ur yefhim ara ma yettmeslay d tmacint neɣ d amdan nniḍen. # '''Agraw n Dartmouth (1956) - Anekcum unṣib:''' D agraw-a i d-yessentun aḥric-a s wudem unṣib. Imusnawen imeqqranen am John McCarthy d Marvin Minsky jemɛen-d akken ad sbedden tasekniremt (terminologie) n tussna-ya tamaynut. D John McCarthy i d-yesnulfan irem-a n '''"Tigzi Taragmawant"''' i tikkelt tamezwarut. # '''Iwarzimen imenza d usegzi:''' Deg yiseggasen-a imenza, imusnawen llan sxeddamen '''iwarzimen''' imenza, yeshel usenked-nsen, iwakken ad fken i tmacint asurif amezwaru n '''usegzi'''. Ssexdamen-ten iwakken ad ferun tigda tifelsafiyin, ad uraren ccetranǧ, neɣ ad d-suddmen taywalt taḥerfit, am wahil "ELIZA" i d-yettarran awal i yimdanen am wakken d amsujji asnafsan. # '''Tilisa d "Tagrest n Tegzi":''' Asugen n yimusnawen n tallit-nni yella meqqer aṭas; llan ttɣilen s ssehala ara d-snulfun timacinin i yesɛan tigzi yettcabin ɣer tin n umdan. Maca, mmlalen-d d tlisa n yimir-nni: iselkimen ur sɛin ara '''taẓwert n usiḍen''' iwatan, yernu ulac isefka isemmaden iwakken ad yili wemhaz. Ayagi yewwi-d ɣer tnaqṣit n wallalen d tedrimt i usnerni n unadi-a, d ayen i d-yeglan s tallit n tnezzut i wumi ssawalen "Anegres n Tegzi Taragmawant". S umata, tallit-a n usugen d akud n wuguren lqayen d iswa imeqqranen. Xas akken tella-d deqs n tmuɣli i wuguren n tegzi, d tallit-a i d-yeṣṣawen abrid i tneflit i d-itebɛen mi d-yernu lǧehd n yiselkimen deg yiseggasen i d-idefren. * '''Tallit n Tezmert n Usiḍen (Iseggasen n 1980 - 2000): Asaki d Tneflit n Yiselkimen:''' Mi banen iselkimen yelhan d '''teẓwert''' n usiḍen tameqqrant, tennerna tegzi taragmawant s waṭas. Deffir tallit-nni n tegrest n tegzi, ibda-d usirem amaynut deg yiseggasen n 80. Ayen i d-yewwin abeddel-a mačči kan d tiktiwin timaynutin deg tsenselkimt, maca d '''angaw''' s timmad-is i yenneflan yernu yeffeɣ-d seg tlisa-ines timezwura. Atent-a tneqqiḍin tigejdanin n tallit-a: # '''Asnerni n Teẓwert n Usiḍen:''' Iselkimen uɣalen ǧehden yernu rxeṣen (ṣṣawḍen ɣer yixxamen d tkebbaniyin). Itebɛ-d ayagi "Asaḍuf n Moore", i d-yeqqaren d akken tazmert n yiselkimen tettnerni s waṭas yal sdis d mraw (18) n wayyuren. Ayagi yefka-d afud ameqqran i yimussnawen iwakken ad sseddun '''iwarzimen''' ixnazen i wumi ur zmiren ara zik. # '''Inagrawen Imussnawen :''' Deg umkan ad nexdem timacinin yesɛan tigzi tamatut am wemdan, imusnawen bdan xeddmen ihallen uzzigen deg yiwen kan n uḥric. Amedya: aḥric n tujjya neɣ n takrura. Fkan-as i tmacint isuḍaf d tmussni lqayen n yimsujjiyen d yimussnawen, dɣa tuɣal tezmer ad d-tefk tifrat i waṭṭanen neɣ i wuguren icudden ɣer taɣult-nni. # '''Tuɣalin n Yiẓeḍwa n Iṛununen Iragmawanen:''' Tikti n yiẓeḍwa n iṛununen tella-d zik (deg tallit n usugen), maca llan ḥebsen imi ulac '''teẓwert n usiḍen''' iwatan iwakken ad ten-sseddun. Deg yiseggasen n 80 d 90, mi d-yernu lǧehd n yiselkimen, bdan ssexdamen tarrayin timaynutin n walmad, dɣa bdan yiẓeḍwa-ya ttarran-d igemmaḍ yelhan, ladɣa deg usekfel n yisekkilen (OCR) am usenqed n tebṛatin n lbusṭa. # '''Anekcum s Annar n Turart (Deep Blue - 1997):''' Yiwen seg yineḍruyen imeqqranen d imezruyanen n tallit-a d mi tezmer tmacint n IBM umi ssawalen "Deep Blue" ad ternu alɣuɣ n umaḍal deg turart n ccetranǧ, Garry Kasparov. Tamsudemt-a ur telmid ara weḥd-s, maca tesseqdec '''taẓwert n usiḍen''' tameqqrant iwakken ad tessenqad d imelyan n tuddsa deg yiwet n tasint. Ayagi yessebgen-d d akken tmacint tezmer ad teɣleb amdan deg tsertit n uswir aɛlayan. '''S umata:''' Tallit-a mačči d tin i d-yewwin almad aselkiman s wudem-is atrar, maca d tin i d-yessersen azadur(llsas) n wangaw d wuzzal i tallit i d-itebɛen. Imi tesnerna tmacint deg '''tezmert n usiḍen''', teẓẓel abrid iwakken tigzi taragmawant ad tessemres ayen i d-yusan deffir-s: ''Isefka Imeqqranen (Big Data).'' * '''Tallit Tatrart (Seg 2010 ar ass-a): Isefka Imeqqranen d Walmad Lqayen:''' Deg yiseggasen-a ineggura, s tilin n yisefka imeqqranen (données massive / Big Data) akked wesnulfu n iẓeḍwa n iṛununen iragmawanen, tuɣal tegzi taragmawant tezmer ad telmed weḥd-s ('''Almad Aselkiman''' neɣ ''Machine Learning''). Tallit-a tbedd ɣef sin n yigejdan imeqqranen i d-yemlalen deg yiwen n wakud: asnerni ageɛmir n yisefka akked tezmert n usiḍen n tkaṛdiwin n udlif (GPU) i d-yefkan afud meqqren i yiselkimen. Atent-a tneqqiḍin tigejdanin n tallit-a: * '''Aṭuqqet n Yisefka (Big Data):''' S tneflit n internet, isilkimen n ufus, d yiẓeḍwa inmettiyen, imdanen bdan ssefrakawen isefka s wamḍan ur nesɛi tilisa yal ass. Isefka-ya imeqqranen uɣalen d aseṛɣu i tmacinin iwakken ad lemden s wudem ifazen. * '''Almad Lqayen (Deep Learning):''' Imi tura tella '''teẓwert n usiḍen''' akked yisefka imeqqranen, imusnawen rran-d '''iẓeḍwa n iṛununen iragmawanen''' s wudem lqayen (s waṭas n tissiwin). Tarrayt-a n walmad aselkiman tewwi-d igemmaḍ igerrzen aṭas, ladɣa deg usekfel n tugniwin d usegzi n tutlayt tagamant. * '''Tigzi Taragmawant Tasarawt (IA Générative):''' D aḥric amaynut i d-yufraren s waṭas deg yiseggasen-a ineggura. S useqdec n tmudmin timeqqranin n tutlayt (LLM), tigzi taragmawant tuɣal d '''asaraw''' n uḍris, n tugniwin, d tengalt. Tezmer ula ad '''tserwes''' taywalt akked wemdan s wudem yessewhamen. * '''Uguren n Tudert n Tbaḍnit d Tmililɣi:''' S usemres ameqqran n yisefka udmawanen i walmad n tmudmin-a, yekker-d wugur ameqqran ɣef wamek ara nḥader '''tudert n tbaḍnit''' n yimdanen, akked wamek ara nessileɣ '''iwarzimen''' war miḥyaf neɣ asɣel. '''S umata:''' Tallit tatrart d asurif ameqqran anda tigzi taragmawant teffeɣ-d seg yinadiyen n tesdawiyin ɣer tudert-nneɣ n yal ass. Tebna ɣef '''uzadur''' n wangaw ǧehden d tuddsa n yisefka imeqqranen, yernu la tessewjaday abrid ɣer yimal anda tmacint ad tezmer ad txeddem tiwuriwin ugar. === Amek i tteddu Tegzi Taragmawant? === Akken ad telḥu tamsudemt n tegzi taragmawant, tesra kraḍ n tgejditin: ==== Isefka: Aseṛɣu n Tegzi Taragmawant ==== Akken tkerrust tesra i '''useṛɣu''' iwakken ad telḥu, Tigzi Taragmawant tesra i yisefka iwakken ad telmed yernu ad tmahel. S war isefka, '''iwarzimen''' d tmacinin ur zmiren ad xedmen acemma. Nezmer ad nebḍu tamiḍrant n yisefka ɣef kṛaḍ n tneqqiḍin tigejdanin: * '''Tiwsitin n Yisefka:''' Isefka ur llin ara d yiwet n tewsit. Zemren ad ilin d iḍrisen, tugniwin, imesla, inawen n tvidyut, neɣ Tifelwiyin ččurent d izwilen. D isefka-ya i d aselmad amezwaru i '''yiẓeḍwa n iṛununen iragmawanen'''. * '''Taɣara Uqbel''' '''Ddeqs:''' Xas akken tigzi taragmawant tebna ɣef yisefka imeqqranen (Big Data), maca taɣara n yisefka-ya d nettat i d '''azadur'''. Ma nsečč i tmacint isefka ixuṣṣen, yesɛan tuccḍiwin neɣ igebren yiwen wudem n usɣel kan, igemmaḍ-is ad ilin ur gerrzen ara. Yella yiwen n wawal agejdan deg tsenselkimt yeqqaren: "Ayen n dir i tessekcmeḍ, d ayen n dir ara d-yeffɣen" (Garbage in, Garbage out). * '''Asizdeg d Uceṛṛeḍ:''' Uqbel ad nessiweḍ isefka ɣer tmacint, yessefk ad ttwasizdgen. Imassanen n yisefka ssufuɣen aṭas n wakud iwakken ad kksen tucḍiwin yernu ad ssegmen tuddsa. Tikkwal, isefka sran ad ttwačerḍen. Amedya, ma nebɣa ad neslmed tmacint ad tɛeqqel "aɣyul" deg tugniwin, ilaq ad as-nefk aṭas n tugniwin yettwačerḍen s yisem n uɣyul akken ad tizmirt ad d-tefk '''asaraw''' iwatan neɣ ad '''tserwes''' ayen i d-twala. * '''Tudert n Tbaḍnit d Wamdan:''' Imi amur ameqqran n yisefka-ya ttusdukkulen-d seg yimdanen (internet, inagrawen inmettiyen...), amesten n '''tudert n tbaḍnit''' yettuɣal d asurif agejdan. Tura, tuɣal-d d taḍullit iwakken ad nessileɣ iwarzimen s yisefka war ma nessedra lbaḍna neɣ izarfen n wemdan. 6r17il8vu8tk3qiw72991em50q0alq9 3 25458 116344 2026-05-06T13:05:10Z SHB2000 12199 SHB2000 yebeddel isem n usebtar seg [[Amyannan umsqedac:WiFábio]] ar [[Amyannan umsqedac:Difabio]] : Page automatiquement déplacée lors du renommage de l’utilisateur « [[Special:CentralAuth/WiFábio|WiFábio]] » en « [[Special:CentralAuth/Difabio|Difabio]] » 116344 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECTION [[Amyannan umsqedac:Difabio]] 9btpoqvtu5wymzc1pck0f0rrc4xq5l9 3 25459 116346 2026-05-06T13:05:10Z SHB2000 12199 SHB2000 yebeddel isem n usebtar seg [[Amyannan umsqedac:WiFábio/Archive 1]] ar [[Amyannan umsqedac:Difabio/Archive 1]] : Page automatiquement déplacée lors du renommage de l’utilisateur « [[Special:CentralAuth/WiFábio|WiFábio]] » en « [[Special:CentralAuth/Difabio|Difabio]] » 116346 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECTION [[Amyannan umsqedac:Difabio/Archive 1]] aew2r759ern1prigjs75yqv97mr5443