Wikipedia kabwiki https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asebter_agejdan MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.10 first-letter Media Uslig Mmeslay Amseqdac Amyannan umsqedac Wikipedia Amyannan n Wikipedia Tugna Amyannan n tugna MediaWiki Amyannan n MediaWiki Talɣa Amyannan n talɣa Tallat Amyannan n tallat Taggayt Amyannan n taggayt Awwur Amyannan uwwur Asenfaṛ Amyannan usenfaṛ TimedText TimedText talk Module Discussion module Event Event talk Sujet 0 23177 116813 116809 2026-07-12T15:17:54Z Gurzil90x 14292 Arniɣ-d ayen ilaqen 116813 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Tugna:Colosseo 2020.jpg|vignette|Akulusyum n wass-a.]] '''Akulusyum''' neɣ '''Kulusyum''' neɣ '''Amsiswar Aflavi''' (s [[talatint]] : ''Colosseum'', s [[taṭalyanit]] : ''Colosseo''), d amsiswar ameqqren yezga-d deg [[Roma|Ṛuma]], bnan-t deg tallit n umenkad aṛumani ''[[Vespasyan|Vespasianus Augustus]]'' (gar 70 ed 72)<ref name=":0">{{En}} [https://www.britannica.com/topic/Colosseum Colosseum],deg ''britannica.com''.</ref>, Akulusyum yesεa kuẓ (ṛebεa) n wannagen<ref name=":1">{{Fr}} [https://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/divers/Colis%C3%A9e/114078 Colisée], deg ''larousse.fr''.</ref> anda yezmer ad yawi 50 000<ref name=":0" /> neɣ 100 000 n yimferrjen<ref name=":1" />. Akulusyum ittuseqdec deg imenɣan n yigladyaturen, ama a gar-asen, neɣ mgal iɣersiwen akked imenɣan s wudem n yiɣerruba<ref name=":1" />. Deg {{Ill|Tallit-Tanammast|fr|Moyen Âge}}, yettuɣal [[Tamezdayt (Asɣan)|taglisya]], u d yiɣrem n snat n twaculin tarumanit ''Frangipane'' ed ''Annibaldi<ref name=":0" />''. Deg 2007, Akulusyum yettwaxtar d yiwen seg [[Sa n leεǧubat timaynutin n umaḍal]]<ref>{{En}} [https://www.britannica.com/list/new-seven-wonders-of-the-world New Seven Wonders of the World], deg ''britannica.com''.</ref>. == 1. Aẓar d tikti n lebni == Tikti n lebni n ukulusyum d tin i d-yusan sɣur umenkad '''[[Vespasyan]]''' (Vespasien) deg useggas 70 ar 72 deffir tlalit n Ɛisa. Iswi-s yella d asertan yerna d adamsan: * '''Tuɣalin n wakal i wegdud:''' Vespasyan yefren ad yebnu asebdir-a(amsiswar-a) ɣef wemkan anda yella ugelmim udmawan n "Wexxam Awraɣ" (Domus Aurea) i yebna [[Niru]] i yiman-is kan. S wakka, Vespasyan yerra-d tallunt-nni i yimezdaɣ n Ṛuma irkelli. * '''Tadrimt n lebni:''' Akulusyum yettwabna s yidrimen n uḥwaṣ d tewsiwin i d-kkan seg tegrawla n Wudayen, gar-asen ayen i d-yewwi mmi-s Tiṭus seg useɣli n wemkan n ufakan di Lquds deg useggas 70. Lebni yekfa s ddaw ufus n umenkad '''Tiṭus''' deg useggas 80. Syin akkin, gma-s '''Dumisyan''' yerna yesseɣti-t, yerna-yas-d taserkemt taneggarut akked tzeɣwa ddaw n wakal. == 2. Tasegda d tanga n lebni == Akulusyum d aɣewwaɣ deg unagraw n lebni-s. Mgal yisebdiriyen igrigiyen i yettwabnan deg yidurar, Akulusyum yettwabna ɣef lqaɛa timseggemt, yerna iɛemmed ɣef tɣessa n yisekkaren ijdiden deg tallit-nni. {| class="wikitable" |'''Ayla''' |'''Aglam d Waktal''' |- |'''Talɣa''' |Tamellalt (Ovale) |- |'''Teɣzi''' |189 n lmitrat |- |'''Tehri''' |156 n lmitrat |- |'''Tattayt''' |48 n lmitrat |- |'''Amḍan n yimferrjen''' |Gar 50.000 ar 80.000 n yemdanen |- |'''Tanga''' |Aẓru n Travertin, uzzal, aɣrab n tyajuṛt, ssiman aṛumani |} === Iḥricen n Usebdir(amsiswar): === * '''Annar:''' D asalu alemmas anda ttqabalen yigladyaturen. Yettwaɣem s tencirin n wusɣar, ɣef wacu ssersen ijdi akken ad yessimẓ iseffen n yidammen n wid yettmettaten. * '''Tizeɣwa n ddaw wakal (Ipejyum - Hypogée):''' Dumisyan yebna-d aẓeṭṭa n tzeɣwa d yiberdan ddaw n wennar. Dinna i ttheyyin yiɣersiwen n tẓegwa (izmawen, iɣilasen) d yigladyaturen. Sseqdacen allalen ikinaniyen (ascenseurs et poulies) akken ad d-ssalin iɣersiwen ɣer wennar s wudem awham. * '''Tiserkmin:''' Imferrjen ttwabḍan neɣ ttwaferqen ɣef tseddarin n tɣimit ilmend n tserkemt-nsen deg tmetti. Imaslaḍen n Usqamu d yimenkaden sɣimin deg tseddarin timezwura (yellan s uẓru n marmar), ma d agdud aḥerfi, tlawin, d yiklan sɣimin deg tseddarin tinneggura. == 3. Amezruy d useqdec-ines == Akulusyum yella d ul n tmeddurt tanmettit di Ṛuma. Ayen i d-yettilin deg-s yebḍa ɣef kraḍ n tɣawsiwin timeqqranin: # '''Urar n yigladyaturen (Munera):''' D imgaruden gar yergazen, tikwal gar wergaz d uɣersiw. Yal agladyatur yesɛa imrigen-is(leslaḥ-is) d uɣenbur-is yemgaraden. # '''Tagmert d usenɛet n yiɣersiwen (Venatio):''' Tmenkda Taṛumanit tesseqdac Akulusyum akken ad d-tesken tanzmart-is d tezrirt-is ɣef umaḍal, s ukter(tuwwin) n yiɣersiwen imaynuten seg Tefriqt, Asya, d Turuft. # '''Aserwes n yimennuɣen n yilel (Naumachiae):''' Uqbel ma yebnu Dumisyan tizeɣwa n ddaw wakal, annar n Wekulusyum yella yezmer ad yeččaṛ d aman (imengi) akken ad d-alsen i userwes n yimennuɣen imeqqranen n yilel gar iɣerruba n zik. # '''Tineɣɣiyin:''' Yessexdam-it udabu akken ad nɣan wid yeffɣen i usaḍuf aṛumani (iniɣiyen), neɣ i usenqes n yimakaren-nsen zdat wegdud. == Tizmilin == <references /> ndry7drfdjiix4y6q8kxkcpi7wdzc4q 116814 116813 2026-07-12T20:30:01Z Gurzil90x 14292 Arniɣ-d ayen ilaqen 116814 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Tugna:Colosseo 2020.jpg|vignette|Akulusyum n wass-a.]] '''Akulusyum''' neɣ '''Kulusyum''' neɣ '''Amsiswar Aflavi''' (s [[talatint]] : ''Colosseum'', s [[taṭalyanit]] : ''Colosseo''), d amsiswar ameqqren yezga-d deg [[Roma|Ṛuma]], bnan-t deg tallit n umenkad aṛumani ''[[Vespasyan|Vespasianus Augustus]]'' (gar 70 ed 72)<ref name=":0">{{En}} [https://www.britannica.com/topic/Colosseum Colosseum],deg ''britannica.com''.</ref>, Akulusyum yesεa kuẓ (ṛebεa) n wannagen<ref name=":1">{{Fr}} [https://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/divers/Colis%C3%A9e/114078 Colisée], deg ''larousse.fr''.</ref> anda yezmer ad yawi 50 000<ref name=":0" /> neɣ 100 000 n yimferrjen<ref name=":1" />. Akulusyum ittuseqdec deg imenɣan n yigladyaturen, ama a gar-asen, neɣ mgal iɣersiwen akked imenɣan s wudem n yiɣerruba<ref name=":1" />. Deg {{Ill|Tallit-Tanammast|fr|Moyen Âge}}, yettuɣal [[Tamezdayt (Asɣan)|taglisya]], u d yiɣrem n snat n twaculin tarumanit ''Frangipane'' ed ''Annibaldi<ref name=":0" />''. Deg 2007, Akulusyum yettwaxtar d yiwen seg [[Sa n leεǧubat timaynutin n umaḍal]]<ref>{{En}} [https://www.britannica.com/list/new-seven-wonders-of-the-world New Seven Wonders of the World], deg ''britannica.com''.</ref>. == 1. Aẓar d tikti n lebni == Tikti n lebni n ukulusyum d tin i d-yusan sɣur umenkad '''[[Vespasyan]]''' (Vespasien) deg useggas 70 ar 72 deffir tlalit n Ɛisa. Iswi-s yella d asertan yerna d adamsan: * '''Tuɣalin n wakal i wegdud:''' Vespasyan yefren ad yebnu asebdir-a(amsiswar-a) ɣef wemkan anda yella ugelmim udmawan n "Wexxam Awraɣ" (Domus Aurea) i yebna [[Niru]] i yiman-is kan. S wakka, Vespasyan yerra-d tallunt-nni i yimezdaɣ n Ṛuma irkelli. * '''Tadrimt n lebni:''' Akulusyum yettwabna s yidrimen n uḥwaṣ d tewsiwin i d-kkan seg tegrawla n Wudayen, gar-asen ayen i d-yewwi mmi-s Tiṭus seg useɣli n wemkan n ufakan di Lquds deg useggas 70. Lebni yekfa s ddaw ufus n umenkad '''Tiṭus''' deg useggas 80. Syin akkin, gma-s '''Dumisyan''' yerna yesseɣti-t, yerna-yas-d taserkemt taneggarut akked tzeɣwa ddaw n wakal. == 2. Tasegda d tanga n lebni == Akulusyum d aɣewwaɣ deg unagraw n lebni-s. Mgal yisebdiriyen igrigiyen i yettwabnan deg yidurar, Akulusyum yettwabna ɣef lqaɛa timseggemt, yerna iɛemmed ɣef tɣessa n yisekkaren ijdiden deg tallit-nni. {| class="wikitable" |'''Ayla''' |'''Aglam d Waktal''' |- |'''Talɣa''' |Tamellalt (Ovale) |- |'''Teɣzi''' |189 n lmitrat |- |'''Tehri''' |156 n lmitrat |- |'''Tattayt''' |48 n lmitrat |- |'''Amḍan n yimferrjen''' |Gar 50.000 ar 80.000 n yemdanen |- |'''Tanga''' |Aẓru n Travertin, uzzal, aɣrab n tyajuṛt, ssiman aṛumani |} === Iḥricen n Usebdir(amsiswar): === * '''Annar:''' D asalu alemmas anda ttqabalen yigladyaturen. Yettwaɣem s tencirin n wusɣar, ɣef wacu ssersen ijdi akken ad yessimẓ iseffen n yidammen n wid yettmettaten. * '''Tizeɣwa n ddaw wakal (Ipejyum - Hypogée):''' Dumisyan yebna-d aẓeṭṭa n tzeɣwa d yiberdan ddaw n wennar. Dinna i ttheyyin yiɣersiwen n tẓegwa (izmawen, iɣilasen) d yigladyaturen. Sseqdacen allalen ikinaniyen (ascenseurs et poulies) akken ad d-ssalin iɣersiwen ɣer wennar s wudem awham. * '''Tiserkmin:''' Imferrjen ttwabḍan neɣ ttwaferqen ɣef tseddarin n tɣimit ilmend n tserkemt-nsen deg tmetti. Imaslaḍen n Usqamu d yimenkaden sɣimin deg tseddarin timezwura (yellan s uẓru n marmar), ma d agdud aḥerfi, tlawin, d yiklan sɣimin deg tseddarin tinneggura. == 3. Amezruy d useqdec-ines == Akulusyum yella d ul n tmeddurt tanmettit di Ṛuma. Ayen i d-yettilin deg-s yebḍa ɣef kraḍ n tɣawsiwin timeqqranin: # '''Urar n yigladyaturen (Munera):''' D imgaruden gar yergazen, tikwal gar wergaz d uɣersiw. Yal agladyatur yesɛa imrigen-is(leslaḥ-is) d uɣenbur-is yemgaraden. # '''Tagmert d usenɛet n yiɣersiwen (Venatio):''' Tmenkda Taṛumanit tesseqdac Akulusyum akken ad d-tesken tanzmart-is d tezrirt-is ɣef umaḍal, s ukter(tuwwin) n yiɣersiwen imaynuten seg Tefriqt, Asya, d Turuft. # '''Aserwes n yimennuɣen n yilel (Naumachiae):''' Uqbel ma yebnu Dumisyan tizeɣwa n ddaw wakal, annar n Wekulusyum yella yezmer ad yeččaṛ d aman (imengi) akken ad d-alsen i userwes n yimennuɣen imeqqranen n yilel gar iɣerruba n zik. # '''Tineɣɣiyin:''' Yessexdam-it udabu akken ad nɣan wid yeffɣen i usaḍuf aṛumani (iniɣiyen), neɣ i usenqes n yimakaren-nsen zdat wegdud. == 4. Tagara d Tukkest == Tanzagt n useqdec n Wekulusyum tessaweḍ ɣer wazal n 500 n yiseggasen. Ayen i as-yerran d talast i useqdec-ines mačči d yiwen: * '''Anhaz n wakal d tmihiyin:''' Asebdir-a yenṭerr aṭas seg unxixel neɣ unhaz n tmurt(zzlezlat) i d-yeḍran deg yiseggasen 847 d 1231, i isseɣlin aḥric n uɣrab n berra. * '''Aɣbalu n lebni:''' Di Tallit Talemmast, imezdaɣ n Ṛuma uɣalen sseqdacen Akulusyum am tɣeddiwt n yidɣaɣen. Kksen aṭas n yiẓra n travertin, akked uzzal i yellan yeqqen iɣraben, akken ad bnun yes-sen ixxamen n yigelliden neɣ '''ifakanen''' n tdiyant tamaynut(tamasiḥit). Xas akken yenṭar, Akulusyum yeqqim-d d amatar agejdan n tsemda taṛumanit. Ass-a, yettwaḥseb d yiwen seg yimekwan i d-yettawin aṭas n yimsebriden deg umaḍal. == Tizmilin == <references /> jeysxd5laspxtm9yryr7wj1pomb39le 116817 116814 2026-07-13T10:34:47Z Gurzil90x 14292 seɣtiɣ kra n tucdiwin 116817 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Tugna:Colosseo 2020.jpg|vignette|Akulusyum n wass-a.]] '''Akulusyum''' neɣ '''Kulusyum''' neɣ '''Amsiswar Aflavi''' (s [[talatint]] : ''Colosseum'', s [[taṭalyanit]] : ''Colosseo''), d amsiswar ameqqren yezga-d deg [[Roma|Ṛuma]], bnan-t deg tallit n umenkad aṛumani ''[[Vespasyan|Vespasianus Augustus]]'' (gar 70 ed 72)<ref name=":0">{{En}} [https://www.britannica.com/topic/Colosseum Colosseum],deg ''britannica.com''.</ref>, Akulusyum yesεa kuẓ (ṛebεa) n wannagen<ref name=":1">{{Fr}} [https://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/divers/Colis%C3%A9e/114078 Colisée], deg ''larousse.fr''.</ref> anda yezmer ad yawi 50 000<ref name=":0" /> neɣ 100 000 n yimferrjen<ref name=":1" />. Akulusyum ittuseqdec deg imenɣan n yigladyaturen, ama a gar-asen, neɣ mgal iɣersiwen akked imenɣan s wudem n yiɣerruba<ref name=":1" />. Deg {{Ill|Tallit-Tanammast|fr|Moyen Âge}}, yettuɣal [[Tamezdayt (Asɣan)|taglisya]], u d yiɣrem n snat n twaculin tarumanit ''Frangipane'' ed ''Annibaldi<ref name=":0" />''. Deg 2007, Akulusyum yettwaxtar d yiwen seg [[Sa n leεǧubat timaynutin n umaḍal]]<ref>{{En}} [https://www.britannica.com/list/new-seven-wonders-of-the-world New Seven Wonders of the World], deg ''britannica.com''.</ref>. == 1. Aẓar d tikti n lebni == Tikti n lebni n ukulusyum d tin i d-yusan sɣur umenkad '''[[Vespasyan]]''' (Vespasien) deg useggas 70 ar 72 deffir tlalit n Ɛisa. Iswi-s yella d asertan yerna d adamsan: * '''Tuɣalin n wakal i wegdud:''' Vespasyan yefren ad yebnu asebdir-a(amsiswar-a) ɣef wemkan anda yella ugelmim udmawan n "Wexxam Awraɣ" (Domus Aurea) i yebna [[Niru]] i yiman-is kan. S wakka, Vespasyan yerra-d tallunt-nni i yimezdaɣ n Ṛuma irkelli. * '''Tadrimt n lebni:''' Akulusyum yettwabna s yidrimen n uḥwaṣ d tewsiwin i d-kkan seg tegrawla n Wudayen, gar-asen ayen i d-yewwi mmi-s Tiṭus seg useɣli n wemkan n ufakan di Lquds deg useggas 70. Lebni yekfa s ddaw ufus n umenkad '''Tiṭus''' deg useggas 80. Syin akkin, gma-s '''Dumisyan''' yerna yesseɣti-t, yerna-yas-d taserkemt taneggarut akked tzeɣwa ddaw n wakal. == 2. Tasegda d tanga n lebni == Akulusyum d aɣewwaɣ deg unagraw n lebni-s. Mgal yisebdiriyen igrigiyen i yettwabnan deg yidurar, Akulusyum yettwabna ɣef lqaɛa timseggemt, yerna iɛemmed ɣef tɣessa n yisekkaren ijdiden deg tallit-nni. {| class="wikitable" |'''Ayla''' |'''Aglam d Waktal''' |- |'''Talɣa''' |Tamellalt (Ovale) |- |'''Teɣzi''' |189 n lmitrat |- |'''Tehri''' |156 n lmitrat |- |'''Tattayt''' |48 n lmitrat |- |'''Amḍan n yimferrjen''' |Gar 50.000 ar 80.000 n yemdanen |- |'''Tanga''' |Aẓru n Travertin, uzzal, aɣrab n tyajuṛt, ssiman aṛumani |} === Iḥricen n Usebdir(amsiswar): === * '''Annar:''' D asalu alemmas anda ttqabalen yigladyaturen. Yettwaɣem s tencirin n wusɣar, ɣef wacu ssersen ijdi akken ad yessimẓ iseffen n yidammen n wid yettmettaten. * '''Tizeɣwa n ddaw wakal (Ipejyum - Hypogée):''' Dumisyan yebna-d aẓeṭṭa n tzeɣwa d yiberdan ddaw n wennar. Dinna i ttheyyin yiɣersiwen n tẓegwa (izmawen, iɣilasen) d yigladyaturen. Sseqdacen allalen ikinaniyen (ascenseurs et poulies) akken ad d-ssalin iɣersiwen ɣer wennar s wudem awham. * '''Tiserkmin:''' Imferrjen ttwabḍan neɣ ttwaferqen ɣef tseddarin n tɣimit ilmend n tserkemt-nsen deg tmetti. Imaslaḍen n Usqamu d yimenkaden sɣimin deg tseddarin timezwura (yellan s uẓru n marmar), ma d agdud aḥerfi, tlawin, d yiklan sɣimin deg tseddarin tinneggura. == 3. Amezruy d useqdec-ines == Akulusyum yella d ul n tmeddurt tanmettit di Ṛuma. Ayen i d-yettilin deg-s yebḍa ɣef kraḍ n tɣawsiwin timeqqranin: # '''Urar n yigladyaturen (Munera):''' D imgaruden gar yergazen, tikwal gar wergaz d uɣersiw. Yal [[agladyatur]] yesɛa imrigen-is(leslaḥ-is) d uɣenbur-is yemgaraden. # '''Tagmert d usenɛet n yiɣersiwen (Venatio):''' Tmenkda Taṛumanit tesseqdac Akulusyum akken ad d-tesken tanzmart-is d tezrirt-is ɣef umaḍal, s ukter(tuwwin) n yiɣersiwen imaynuten seg Tefriqt, Asya, d Turuft. # '''Aserwes n yimennuɣen n yilel (Naumachiae):''' Uqbel ma yebnu Dumisyan tizeɣwa n ddaw wakal, annar n Wekulusyum yella yezmer ad yeččaṛ d aman (imengi) akken ad d-alsen i userwes n yimennuɣen imeqqranen n yilel gar iɣerruba n zik. # '''Tineɣɣiyin:''' Yessexdam-it udabu akken ad nɣan wid yeffɣen i usaḍuf aṛumani (iniɣiyen), neɣ i usenqes n yimakaren-nsen zdat wegdud. == 4. Tagara d Tukkest == Tanzagt n useqdec n Wekulusyum tessaweḍ ɣer wazal n 500 n yiseggasen. Ayen i as-yerran d talast i useqdec-ines mačči d yiwen: * '''Anhaz n wakal d tmihiyin:''' Asebdir-a yenṭerr aṭas seg unxixel neɣ unhaz n tmurt(zzlezlat) i d-yeḍran deg yiseggasen 847 d 1231, i isseɣlin aḥric n uɣrab n berra. * '''Aɣbalu n lebni:''' Di Tallit Talemmast, imezdaɣ n Ṛuma uɣalen sseqdacen Akulusyum am tɣeddiwt n yidɣaɣen. Kksen aṭas n yiẓra n travertin, akked uzzal i yellan yeqqen iɣraben, akken ad bnun yes-sen ixxamen n yigelliden neɣ '''ifakanen''' n tdiyant tamaynut(tamasiḥit). Xas akken yenṭar, Akulusyum yeqqim-d d amatar agejdan n tsemda taṛumanit. Ass-a, yettwaḥseb d yiwen seg yimekwan i d-yettawin aṭas n yimsebriden deg umaḍal. == Tizmilin == <references /> h685hl0hv2aizea65lrcyemvagahk37 0 25516 116815 2026-07-13T09:09:04Z Gurzil90x 14292 Amagrad amaynut 116815 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Tugna:Gladiators from the Zliten mosaic 3.JPG|vignette|Tafelwit n umuzayik n igladyaturen seg Leptis Mega(Libya).]] '''Agladyatur''' neɣ s wudem n usget '''Igladyaturen''' (s tlatinit : gladiatores, asuf : gladiator, seg wawal gladius i d-yemmalen "agestur" neɣ asekkin) d irgazen n wurar d yimenɣi i d-yettqabalen s umrig(leslaḥ) zdat wegdud deg yisebdiriyen (am Wekulusyum) n Tmenkda Taṛumanit. 7762h5okte48qgqp9k3y0qjqinfq4lm 116816 116815 2026-07-13T09:59:36Z Gurzil90x 14292 Arniɣ-d ayen ilaqen 116816 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Tugna:Gladiators from the Zliten mosaic 3.JPG|vignette|Tafelwit n umuzayik n igladyaturen seg Leptis Mega(Libya).]] '''Agladyatur''' neɣ s wudem n usget '''Igladyaturen''' (s tlatinit : gladiatores, asuf : gladiator, seg wawal gladius i d-yemmalen "agestur" neɣ asekkin) d irgazen n wurar d yimenɣi i d-yettqabalen s umrig(leslaḥ) zdat wegdud deg yisebdiriyen (am Wekulusyum) n Tmenkda Taṛumanit. == Aẓar d Umezruy == Urar n yigladyaturen ur d-yebdi ara s yimenkaden n Ṛuma, maca aẓar-is yedda deg lqay n tmetti yettamnen s yisusiyen n temḍelt. * '''Tirmit Tamezwarut (Munera) :''' Deg tazwara, asenɛet n yimenɣiwen yella yeqqen ɣer temḍelt n yimdanen imeqqranen (iṭruskiyen d yikampaniyen i d-yebdan ansay-a). M'ara yemmet wemdan ameqqran (ameɣras), wid-is ssenkren-d amgaru gar yiklan. Idammen-nni i d-yettazzalen deg lqaɛa ttwalan-ten d '''tasareɣt''' neɣ d asfel i d-yettawin talwit i ṛṛuḥ n lmayet di laxert. Ayagi yettusemma ''Munera'' (aɣan neɣ lwaǧeb). * '''Asedhu Asertan :''' S lweqt, m'ara d-tekcem Ṛuma deg tallit-is tagdudant akked tmenkda-s, asenɛet-a yeffeɣ seg usatal n temḍelt, yuɣal d allal asertan. Imenkaden d yirgazen n tsertit sseqdacen urar-a akken ad awin ulawen n wegdud, ad as-fken '''tadfi'''d wuccu (ayen yettwassnen s tenfalit : ''Panem et circenses'' - Aɣrum d wuraren). j3qg0hl57wr7mdzv6gdobef4diof76l