Wikipedia kcgwiki https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%CC%B1tsak_Wat_Wu MediaWiki 1.39.0-wmf.25 first-letter Media Wat khwo A‌̱lyiat A‌̱tyunta̱m A‌̱lyiat a‌̱tyunta‌̱m Wukipedia A‌̱lyiat Wukipedia Fail A‌̱lyiat fail MediaWiki A‌̱lyiat MediaWiki Ta‌̱mpi‌̱let A‌̱lyiat ta‌̱mpi‌̱let Beang A‌̱lyiat beang Sa A‌̱lyiat nsa TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Gadget Gadget talk Gadget definition Gadget definition talk 0 2347 16432 2022-08-23T16:44:09Z Kambai Akau 15 Created page with "{{Short description|Set of 33 Latin letters used to write Nigerian languages}} {{EngvarB|date=October 2019}} {{Contains special characters}} The '''Pan-Nigerian alphabet''' is a set of 33 Latin letters standardised by the [[National Language Centre (Nigeria)|National Language Centre]] of [[Nigeria]] in the 1980s. It is intended to be sufficient to write all the [[languages of Nigeria]] without using [[Digraph (orthography)|digraph]]s.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Kasali |f..." wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Set of 33 Latin letters used to write Nigerian languages}} {{EngvarB|date=October 2019}} {{Contains special characters}} The '''Pan-Nigerian alphabet''' is a set of 33 Latin letters standardised by the [[National Language Centre (Nigeria)|National Language Centre]] of [[Nigeria]] in the 1980s. It is intended to be sufficient to write all the [[languages of Nigeria]] without using [[Digraph (orthography)|digraph]]s.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Kasali |first1=A. A. |last2=Jimoh |first2=K. O. |last3=Adeagbo |first3=M. A. |last4=Bello |first4=S. A. |date=2021-03-20 |title=Web-Based Text Editing System for Nigerian Major Languages |url=https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v40i2.15 |journal=Nigerian Journal of Technology |volume=40 |issue=2 |pages=292–301 |doi=10.4314/njt.v40i2.15|s2cid=240185001 }}</ref>{{clarify|date=May 2021}} ==History== Several hundred different languages are spoken in Nigeria. The different [[Latin script|Latin alphabet]]s impeded the use of typewriters.{{how|date=September 2020}} In the 1980s the National Language Centre (NLC) undertook to develop a single alphabet suitable for writing all the languages of the country and replacing use of [[Arabic script]] in some [[Nigerian languages]] that were proposed in [[Colonial Nigeria|the colonial era]],{{what|date=September 2020}} taking as its starting point a model proposed by linguist [[Kay Williamson]] in 1981.{{Citation needed|date=September 2017}} The font family{{which|date=September 2020}} was developed in 1985-86 by Edward Oguejofor and Victor Manfredi, in co-operation with the NLC, with technical assistance from [[Hermann Zapf]]. ==Characters== [[Image:Pannigerian.png]]<br> If a Unicode font is installed with the Pan-Nigerian glyphs, then a table, such as the one below, should be seen:<br> {| class="nounderlines" border="0" rules="all" style="border: 1px solid #999; background-color:#FFFFFF;" |- align="center" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Upper case || width="25px" | [[A]] || width="25px" | [[B]] || width="25px" | [[Ɓ]] || width="25px" | [[C]] || width="25px" | [[D]] || width="25px" | [[Ɗ]] || width="25px" | [[E]] || width="25px" | [[Ǝ]] || width="25px" | [[Ẹ]] || width="25px" | [[F]] || width="25px" | [[G]] |- align="center" style="border-bottom: 2px solid #999;" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Lower case || a || b || ɓ || c || d || ɗ || e || ǝ || ẹ || f || g |- align="center" bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Upper case || [[H]] || [[I]] || [[Ị]] || [[J]] || [[K]] || [[Ƙ]] || [[L]] || [[M]] || [[N]] || [[O]] || [[Ọ]] |- align="center" bgcolor="#EFEFEF" style="border-bottom: 2px solid #999;" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Lower case || h || i || ị || j || k || ƙ || l || m || n || o || ọ |- align="center" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Upper case || [[P]] || [[R]] || [[S]] || [[Ṣ]] || [[T]] || [[U]] || [[Ụ]] || [[V]] || [[W]] || [[Y]] || [[Z]] |- align="center" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Lower case || p || r || s || ṣ || t || u || ụ || v || w || y || z |} The [[acute accent|acute]] ( ´ ), [[grave accent|grave]] ( ` ) and [[circumflex]] ( ˆ ) accents are also used to mark High, Low, and Falling tone respectively. Mid tone (in languages which contrast High, Mid, and Low) is left unmarked. == Keyboard == The following typewriter keyboard was produced for the NLC by [[Olivetti]]:<ref>[http://people.bu.edu/manfredi/PanNigerianArchive.pdf Pan-Nigerian Typewriter Design], archived</ref> {| class="wikitable" rules="all" style="clear:both;font-size:95%;line-height:1.4;margin:0.5em auto;background:inherit;color:inherit;border:1px solid #AAA;border-collapse:collapse;font-weight:bold;font-family:serif" |-style="line-height:1px;background:inherit;color:inherit" |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="4" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#AAA;border:1px solid #AAA"|&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA" title="Dead key"|ˆ<br />ˊ |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|"<br />2 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|/<br />3 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|−<br />4 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|₦<br />5 € |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|=<br />6 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|_<br />7 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|ǀ<br />8 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|(<br />9 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|)<br />? |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ɗ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ƙ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="8" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|⌫ <small>Backspace</small> |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="6" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>↹</big> <small>Tab</small> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA" title="Dead key"|ˉ<br />ˋ |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|W<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|E<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|R<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|T<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Y<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|U<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|I<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|O<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|P<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ụ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ị<br />&nbsp; |colspan="6" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA;border-bottom:hidden"|&nbsp; |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="7" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⇫</big> <small>Caps Lock</small> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|A<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|S<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|D<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|F<div style="font-size:smaller;color:#CCC;text-align:center" title="left hand rest position">_</div> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|G<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|H<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|J<div style="font-size:smaller;color:#CCC;text-align:center" title="right hand rest position">_</div> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|K<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|L<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ọ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ẹ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ǝ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="5" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA;border-top:hidden"|<big>↲</big> <small>Enter</small> |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="9" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⇧</big> <small>Shift</small> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Z<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"| Ɓ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|C<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|V<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|B<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|N<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|M<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|;<br />, |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|:<br />. |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ṣ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="12" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⇧</big> <small>Shift</small> |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Ctrl</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⊞</big> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Alt</small> |colspan="25" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA;text-align:center"|<small>Space bar</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Alt Gr</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Fn</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>≡</big> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Ctrl</small> |} On this typewriter keyboard layout the letters Q and X were not mapped as they were not part of the alphabet, and digits 0 or 1 had to be entered as capital letters O and I. Keys in grey (for modern computers) were missing. On modern keyboard for computers, the distinctive digits 0 and 1 are placed on the unshifted positions of keys of first row (like other digits), the letter Q is mapped like on standard QWERTY layouts, but dead keys at start of the first and second row need to be moved to the 102nd key on start of the first row (reducing the width of the left shift key), and to the shifted position of the new key assigned to digit 0 on the first row. In all cases, the Enter key may vary between this L-shaped key on two rows, and the horizontal key on the third row only (moving the key assigned to letter Ǝ to the end of the second row). === Mobile devices === Some onscreen smartphone keyboards like [[Swiftkey]], [[Touchpal]], [[Multiling]] and African keyboards have full support for Pan-Nigerian alphabets.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://w3techy.com.ng/yoruba-yoruba-keyboard-for-android|title=Yoruba Keyboard For Android|last=Taiwo|first=Joseph|publisher=W3Techy|access-date=2019-04-30}}</ref> ==See also== *[[General Alphabet of Cameroon Languages]] *[[Africa Alphabet]] *[[African reference alphabet]] *[[Dinka alphabet]] *[[ISO 6438]] *[[Standard Alphabet by Lepsius]] *[[Vietnamese alphabet]] == Notes and references == <references /> {{Languages of Nigeria}} [[Category:Latin alphabets]] [[Category:Writing systems of Africa]] [[Category:Languages of Nigeria|*]] [[Category:Multilingual orthographies]] [[Category:Keyboard layouts]] [[Category:Writing systems introduced in 1985]] 1yepghoicaqjzxwum141tv0k6bv5640 16433 16432 2022-08-23T16:47:37Z Kambai Akau 15 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Set of 33 Latin letters used to write Nigerian languages}} {{EngvarB|date=October 2019}} {{Contains special characters}} The '''Pan-Nigerian alphabet''' is a set of 33 Latin letters standardised by the [[National Language Centre (Nigeria)|National Language Centre]] of [[Nigeria]] in the 1980s. It is intended to be sufficient to write all the [[languages of Nigeria]] without using [[Digraph (orthography)|digraph]]s.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Kasali |first1=A. A. |last2=Jimoh |first2=K. O. |last3=Adeagbo |first3=M. A. |last4=Bello |first4=S. A. |date=2021-03-20 |title=Web-Based Text Editing System for Nigerian Major Languages |url=https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v40i2.15 |journal=Nigerian Journal of Technology |volume=40 |issue=2 |pages=292–301 |doi=10.4314/njt.v40i2.15|s2cid=240185001 }}</ref>{{clarify|date=May 2021}} ==Nkhang== Á̱ lyiat lilyem ma̱ a̱di̱di̱t vwuon ma̱ a̱byin [[Naijeriya]]. Zwunzwuó lyuut Lati̱n vwuon ji ni̱ tyia̱ dyem di̱ nyian ta̱m ma̱ng a̱yaatapi̱raita.{{how|date=September 2020}} In the 1980s the National Language Centre (NLC) undertook to develop a single alphabet suitable for writing all the languages of the country and replacing use of [[Arabic script]] in some [[Nigerian languages]] that were proposed in [[Colonial Nigeria|the colonial era]],{{what|date=September 2020}} taking as its starting point a model proposed by linguist [[Kay Williamson]] in 1981.{{Citation needed|date=September 2017}} The font family{{which|date=September 2020}} was developed in 1985-86 by Edward Oguejofor and Victor Manfredi, in co-operation with the NLC, with technical assistance from [[Hermann Zapf]]. ==Characters== [[Image:Pannigerian.png]]<br> If a Unicode font is installed with the Pan-Nigerian glyphs, then a table, such as the one below, should be seen:<br> {| class="nounderlines" border="0" rules="all" style="border: 1px solid #999; background-color:#FFFFFF;" |- align="center" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Upper case || width="25px" | [[A]] || width="25px" | [[B]] || width="25px" | [[Ɓ]] || width="25px" | [[C]] || width="25px" | [[D]] || width="25px" | [[Ɗ]] || width="25px" | [[E]] || width="25px" | [[Ǝ]] || width="25px" | [[Ẹ]] || width="25px" | [[F]] || width="25px" | [[G]] |- align="center" style="border-bottom: 2px solid #999;" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Lower case || a || b || ɓ || c || d || ɗ || e || ǝ || ẹ || f || g |- align="center" bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Upper case || [[H]] || [[I]] || [[Ị]] || [[J]] || [[K]] || [[Ƙ]] || [[L]] || [[M]] || [[N]] || [[O]] || [[Ọ]] |- align="center" bgcolor="#EFEFEF" style="border-bottom: 2px solid #999;" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Lower case || h || i || ị || j || k || ƙ || l || m || n || o || ọ |- align="center" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Upper case || [[P]] || [[R]] || [[S]] || [[Ṣ]] || [[T]] || [[U]] || [[Ụ]] || [[V]] || [[W]] || [[Y]] || [[Z]] |- align="center" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Lower case || p || r || s || ṣ || t || u || ụ || v || w || y || z |} The [[acute accent|acute]] ( ´ ), [[grave accent|grave]] ( ` ) and [[circumflex]] ( ˆ ) accents are also used to mark High, Low, and Falling tone respectively. Mid tone (in languages which contrast High, Mid, and Low) is left unmarked. == Keyboard == The following typewriter keyboard was produced for the NLC by [[Olivetti]]:<ref>[http://people.bu.edu/manfredi/PanNigerianArchive.pdf Pan-Nigerian Typewriter Design], archived</ref> {| class="wikitable" rules="all" style="clear:both;font-size:95%;line-height:1.4;margin:0.5em auto;background:inherit;color:inherit;border:1px solid #AAA;border-collapse:collapse;font-weight:bold;font-family:serif" |-style="line-height:1px;background:inherit;color:inherit" |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="4" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#AAA;border:1px solid #AAA"|&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA" title="Dead key"|ˆ<br />ˊ |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|"<br />2 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|/<br />3 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|−<br />4 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|₦<br />5 € |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|=<br />6 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|_<br />7 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|ǀ<br />8 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|(<br />9 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|)<br />? |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ɗ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ƙ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="8" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|⌫ <small>Backspace</small> |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="6" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>↹</big> <small>Tab</small> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA" title="Dead key"|ˉ<br />ˋ |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|W<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|E<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|R<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|T<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Y<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|U<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|I<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|O<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|P<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ụ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ị<br />&nbsp; |colspan="6" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA;border-bottom:hidden"|&nbsp; |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="7" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⇫</big> <small>Caps Lock</small> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|A<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|S<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|D<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|F<div style="font-size:smaller;color:#CCC;text-align:center" title="left hand rest position">_</div> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|G<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|H<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|J<div style="font-size:smaller;color:#CCC;text-align:center" title="right hand rest position">_</div> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|K<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|L<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ọ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ẹ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ǝ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="5" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA;border-top:hidden"|<big>↲</big> <small>Enter</small> |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="9" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⇧</big> <small>Shift</small> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Z<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"| Ɓ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|C<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|V<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|B<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|N<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|M<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|;<br />, |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|:<br />. |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ṣ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="12" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⇧</big> <small>Shift</small> |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Ctrl</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⊞</big> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Alt</small> |colspan="25" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA;text-align:center"|<small>Space bar</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Alt Gr</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Fn</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>≡</big> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Ctrl</small> |} On this typewriter keyboard layout the letters Q and X were not mapped as they were not part of the alphabet, and digits 0 or 1 had to be entered as capital letters O and I. Keys in grey (for modern computers) were missing. On modern keyboard for computers, the distinctive digits 0 and 1 are placed on the unshifted positions of keys of first row (like other digits), the letter Q is mapped like on standard QWERTY layouts, but dead keys at start of the first and second row need to be moved to the 102nd key on start of the first row (reducing the width of the left shift key), and to the shifted position of the new key assigned to digit 0 on the first row. In all cases, the Enter key may vary between this L-shaped key on two rows, and the horizontal key on the third row only (moving the key assigned to letter Ǝ to the end of the second row). === Mobile devices === Some onscreen smartphone keyboards like [[Swiftkey]], [[Touchpal]], [[Multiling]] and African keyboards have full support for Pan-Nigerian alphabets.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://w3techy.com.ng/yoruba-yoruba-keyboard-for-android|title=Yoruba Keyboard For Android|last=Taiwo|first=Joseph|publisher=W3Techy|access-date=2019-04-30}}</ref> ==See also== *[[General Alphabet of Cameroon Languages]] *[[Africa Alphabet]] *[[African reference alphabet]] *[[Dinka alphabet]] *[[ISO 6438]] *[[Standard Alphabet by Lepsius]] *[[Vietnamese alphabet]] == Notes and references == <references /> {{Languages of Nigeria}} [[Category:Latin alphabets]] [[Category:Writing systems of Africa]] [[Category:Languages of Nigeria|*]] [[Category:Multilingual orthographies]] [[Category:Keyboard layouts]] [[Category:Writing systems introduced in 1985]] ihf75ku51ytuknbnv6kun806asuu06l 16434 16433 2022-08-23T16:53:02Z Kambai Akau 15 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Contains special characters}} '''Zwunzwuo a̱lyem a̱mgba̱m Naijeriya''' ji yet sot zwunzwuo Lati̱n 33 ja nang [[A̱ka̱wa̱tyia̱ A̱lyem A̱byin (Naijeriya)|A̱ka̱wa̱tyia̱ A̱lyem A̱byin]] ka ku kpaat ji̱ yet zwunzwuo kidee a̱ni mi̱ cet ndyia̱ 1980 hu. It is intended to be sufficient to write all the [[languages of Nigeria]] without using [[Digraph (orthography)|digraph]]s.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Kasali |first1=A. A. |last2=Jimoh |first2=K. O. |last3=Adeagbo |first3=M. A. |last4=Bello |first4=S. A. |date=2021-03-20 |title=Web-Based Text Editing System for Nigerian Major Languages |url=https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v40i2.15 |journal=Nigerian Journal of Technology |volume=40 |issue=2 |pages=292–301 |doi=10.4314/njt.v40i2.15|s2cid=240185001 }}</ref>{{clarify|date=May 2021}} ==Nkhang== Á̱ lyiat lilyem ma̱ a̱di̱di̱t vwuon ma̱ a̱byin [[Naijeriya]]. Zwunzwuó lyuut Lati̱n vwuon ji ni̱ tyia̱ dyem di̱ nyian ta̱m ma̱ng a̱yaatapi̱raita.{{how|date=September 2020}} In the 1980s the National Language Centre (NLC) undertook to develop a single alphabet suitable for writing all the languages of the country and replacing use of [[Arabic script]] in some [[Nigerian languages]] that were proposed in [[Colonial Nigeria|the colonial era]],{{what|date=September 2020}} taking as its starting point a model proposed by linguist [[Kay Williamson]] in 1981.{{Citation needed|date=September 2017}} The font family{{which|date=September 2020}} was developed in 1985-86 by Edward Oguejofor and Victor Manfredi, in co-operation with the NLC, with technical assistance from [[Hermann Zapf]]. ==Characters== [[Image:Pannigerian.png]]<br> If a Unicode font is installed with the Pan-Nigerian glyphs, then a table, such as the one below, should be seen:<br> {| class="nounderlines" border="0" rules="all" style="border: 1px solid #999; background-color:#FFFFFF;" |- align="center" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Upper case || width="25px" | [[A]] || width="25px" | [[B]] || width="25px" | [[Ɓ]] || width="25px" | [[C]] || width="25px" | [[D]] || width="25px" | [[Ɗ]] || width="25px" | [[E]] || width="25px" | [[Ǝ]] || width="25px" | [[Ẹ]] || width="25px" | [[F]] || width="25px" | [[G]] |- align="center" style="border-bottom: 2px solid #999;" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Lower case || a || b || ɓ || c || d || ɗ || e || ǝ || ẹ || f || g |- align="center" bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Upper case || [[H]] || [[I]] || [[Ị]] || [[J]] || [[K]] || [[Ƙ]] || [[L]] || [[M]] || [[N]] || [[O]] || [[Ọ]] |- align="center" bgcolor="#EFEFEF" style="border-bottom: 2px solid #999;" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Lower case || h || i || ị || j || k || ƙ || l || m || n || o || ọ |- align="center" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Upper case || [[P]] || [[R]] || [[S]] || [[Ṣ]] || [[T]] || [[U]] || [[Ụ]] || [[V]] || [[W]] || [[Y]] || [[Z]] |- align="center" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Lower case || p || r || s || ṣ || t || u || ụ || v || w || y || z |} The [[acute accent|acute]] ( ´ ), [[grave accent|grave]] ( ` ) and [[circumflex]] ( ˆ ) accents are also used to mark High, Low, and Falling tone respectively. Mid tone (in languages which contrast High, Mid, and Low) is left unmarked. == Keyboard == The following typewriter keyboard was produced for the NLC by [[Olivetti]]:<ref>[http://people.bu.edu/manfredi/PanNigerianArchive.pdf Pan-Nigerian Typewriter Design], archived</ref> {| class="wikitable" rules="all" style="clear:both;font-size:95%;line-height:1.4;margin:0.5em auto;background:inherit;color:inherit;border:1px solid #AAA;border-collapse:collapse;font-weight:bold;font-family:serif" |-style="line-height:1px;background:inherit;color:inherit" |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="4" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#AAA;border:1px solid #AAA"|&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA" title="Dead key"|ˆ<br />ˊ |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|"<br />2 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|/<br />3 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|−<br />4 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|₦<br />5 € |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|=<br />6 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|_<br />7 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|ǀ<br />8 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|(<br />9 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|)<br />? |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ɗ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ƙ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="8" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|⌫ <small>Backspace</small> |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="6" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>↹</big> <small>Tab</small> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA" title="Dead key"|ˉ<br />ˋ |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|W<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|E<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|R<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|T<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Y<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|U<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|I<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|O<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|P<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ụ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ị<br />&nbsp; |colspan="6" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA;border-bottom:hidden"|&nbsp; |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="7" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⇫</big> <small>Caps Lock</small> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|A<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|S<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|D<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|F<div style="font-size:smaller;color:#CCC;text-align:center" title="left hand rest position">_</div> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|G<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|H<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|J<div style="font-size:smaller;color:#CCC;text-align:center" title="right hand rest position">_</div> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|K<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|L<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ọ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ẹ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ǝ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="5" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA;border-top:hidden"|<big>↲</big> <small>Enter</small> |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="9" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⇧</big> <small>Shift</small> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Z<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"| Ɓ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|C<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|V<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|B<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|N<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|M<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|;<br />, |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|:<br />. |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ṣ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="12" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⇧</big> <small>Shift</small> |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Ctrl</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⊞</big> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Alt</small> |colspan="25" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA;text-align:center"|<small>Space bar</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Alt Gr</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Fn</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>≡</big> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Ctrl</small> |} On this typewriter keyboard layout the letters Q and X were not mapped as they were not part of the alphabet, and digits 0 or 1 had to be entered as capital letters O and I. Keys in grey (for modern computers) were missing. On modern keyboard for computers, the distinctive digits 0 and 1 are placed on the unshifted positions of keys of first row (like other digits), the letter Q is mapped like on standard QWERTY layouts, but dead keys at start of the first and second row need to be moved to the 102nd key on start of the first row (reducing the width of the left shift key), and to the shifted position of the new key assigned to digit 0 on the first row. In all cases, the Enter key may vary between this L-shaped key on two rows, and the horizontal key on the third row only (moving the key assigned to letter Ǝ to the end of the second row). === Mobile devices === Some onscreen smartphone keyboards like [[Swiftkey]], [[Touchpal]], [[Multiling]] and African keyboards have full support for Pan-Nigerian alphabets.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://w3techy.com.ng/yoruba-yoruba-keyboard-for-android|title=Yoruba Keyboard For Android|last=Taiwo|first=Joseph|publisher=W3Techy|access-date=2019-04-30}}</ref> ==See also== *[[General Alphabet of Cameroon Languages]] *[[Africa Alphabet]] *[[African reference alphabet]] *[[Dinka alphabet]] *[[ISO 6438]] *[[Standard Alphabet by Lepsius]] *[[Vietnamese alphabet]] == Notes and references == <references /> {{Languages of Nigeria}} [[Category:Latin alphabets]] [[Category:Writing systems of Africa]] [[Category:Languages of Nigeria|*]] [[Category:Multilingual orthographies]] [[Category:Keyboard layouts]] [[Category:Writing systems introduced in 1985]] 7d1nec3gxi3yxrxhfhnn5b8zyebqzxq 16435 16434 2022-08-23T16:56:33Z Kambai Akau 15 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Contains special characters}} '''Zwunzwuo a̱lyem a̱mgba̱m Naijeriya''' ji yet sot zwunzwuo Lati̱n 33 ja nang [[A̱ka̱wa̱tyia̱ A̱lyem A̱byin (Naijeriya)|A̱ka̱wa̱tyia̱ A̱lyem A̱byin]] ka ku kpaat ji̱ yet zwunzwuo kidee a̱ni mi̱ cet ndyia̱ 1980 hu. Á̱ fa ji̱ na maai di̱ lyuut a̱mgba̱m [[Lilyem Naijeriya|lilyem Naijeriya hu]] di̱ mi̱n nyian ta̱m ma̱ng zwunzwuo nang á̱ tyei fafaan a̱ni.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Kasali |first1=A. A. |last2=Jimoh |first2=K. O. |last3=Adeagbo |first3=M. A. |last4=Bello |first4=S. A. |date=2021-03-20 |title=Web-Based Text Editing System for Nigerian Major Languages |url=https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v40i2.15 |journal=Nigerian Journal of Technology |volume=40 |issue=2 |pages=292–301 |doi=10.4314/njt.v40i2.15|s2cid=240185001 }}</ref> ==Nkhang== Á̱ lyiat lilyem ma̱ a̱di̱di̱t vwuon ma̱ a̱byin [[Naijeriya]]. Zwunzwuó lyuut Lati̱n vwuon ji ni̱ tyia̱ dyem di̱ nyian ta̱m ma̱ng a̱yaatapi̱raita.{{how|date=September 2020}} In the 1980s the National Language Centre (NLC) undertook to develop a single alphabet suitable for writing all the languages of the country and replacing use of [[Arabic script]] in some [[Nigerian languages]] that were proposed in [[Colonial Nigeria|the colonial era]],{{what|date=September 2020}} taking as its starting point a model proposed by linguist [[Kay Williamson]] in 1981.{{Citation needed|date=September 2017}} The font family{{which|date=September 2020}} was developed in 1985-86 by Edward Oguejofor and Victor Manfredi, in co-operation with the NLC, with technical assistance from [[Hermann Zapf]]. ==Characters== [[Image:Pannigerian.png]]<br> If a Unicode font is installed with the Pan-Nigerian glyphs, then a table, such as the one below, should be seen:<br> {| class="nounderlines" border="0" rules="all" style="border: 1px solid #999; background-color:#FFFFFF;" |- align="center" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Upper case || width="25px" | [[A]] || width="25px" | [[B]] || width="25px" | [[Ɓ]] || width="25px" | [[C]] || width="25px" | [[D]] || width="25px" | [[Ɗ]] || width="25px" | [[E]] || width="25px" | [[Ǝ]] || width="25px" | [[Ẹ]] || width="25px" | [[F]] || width="25px" | [[G]] |- align="center" style="border-bottom: 2px solid #999;" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Lower case || a || b || ɓ || c || d || ɗ || e || ǝ || ẹ || f || g |- align="center" bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Upper case || [[H]] || [[I]] || [[Ị]] || [[J]] || [[K]] || [[Ƙ]] || [[L]] || [[M]] || [[N]] || [[O]] || [[Ọ]] |- align="center" bgcolor="#EFEFEF" style="border-bottom: 2px solid #999;" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Lower case || h || i || ị || j || k || ƙ || l || m || n || o || ọ |- align="center" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Upper case || [[P]] || [[R]] || [[S]] || [[Ṣ]] || [[T]] || [[U]] || [[Ụ]] || [[V]] || [[W]] || [[Y]] || [[Z]] |- align="center" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Lower case || p || r || s || ṣ || t || u || ụ || v || w || y || z |} The [[acute accent|acute]] ( ´ ), [[grave accent|grave]] ( ` ) and [[circumflex]] ( ˆ ) accents are also used to mark High, Low, and Falling tone respectively. Mid tone (in languages which contrast High, Mid, and Low) is left unmarked. == Keyboard == The following typewriter keyboard was produced for the NLC by [[Olivetti]]:<ref>[http://people.bu.edu/manfredi/PanNigerianArchive.pdf Pan-Nigerian Typewriter Design], archived</ref> {| class="wikitable" rules="all" style="clear:both;font-size:95%;line-height:1.4;margin:0.5em auto;background:inherit;color:inherit;border:1px solid #AAA;border-collapse:collapse;font-weight:bold;font-family:serif" |-style="line-height:1px;background:inherit;color:inherit" |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="4" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#AAA;border:1px solid #AAA"|&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA" title="Dead key"|ˆ<br />ˊ |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|"<br />2 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|/<br />3 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|−<br />4 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|₦<br />5 € |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|=<br />6 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|_<br />7 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|ǀ<br />8 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|(<br />9 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|)<br />? |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ɗ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ƙ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="8" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|⌫ <small>Backspace</small> |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="6" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>↹</big> <small>Tab</small> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA" title="Dead key"|ˉ<br />ˋ |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|W<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|E<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|R<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|T<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Y<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|U<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|I<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|O<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|P<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ụ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ị<br />&nbsp; |colspan="6" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA;border-bottom:hidden"|&nbsp; |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="7" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⇫</big> <small>Caps Lock</small> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|A<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|S<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|D<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|F<div style="font-size:smaller;color:#CCC;text-align:center" title="left hand rest position">_</div> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|G<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|H<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|J<div style="font-size:smaller;color:#CCC;text-align:center" title="right hand rest position">_</div> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|K<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|L<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ọ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ẹ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ǝ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="5" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA;border-top:hidden"|<big>↲</big> <small>Enter</small> |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="9" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⇧</big> <small>Shift</small> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Z<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"| Ɓ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|C<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|V<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|B<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|N<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|M<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|;<br />, |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|:<br />. |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ṣ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="12" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⇧</big> <small>Shift</small> |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Ctrl</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⊞</big> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Alt</small> |colspan="25" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA;text-align:center"|<small>Space bar</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Alt Gr</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Fn</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>≡</big> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Ctrl</small> |} On this typewriter keyboard layout the letters Q and X were not mapped as they were not part of the alphabet, and digits 0 or 1 had to be entered as capital letters O and I. Keys in grey (for modern computers) were missing. On modern keyboard for computers, the distinctive digits 0 and 1 are placed on the unshifted positions of keys of first row (like other digits), the letter Q is mapped like on standard QWERTY layouts, but dead keys at start of the first and second row need to be moved to the 102nd key on start of the first row (reducing the width of the left shift key), and to the shifted position of the new key assigned to digit 0 on the first row. In all cases, the Enter key may vary between this L-shaped key on two rows, and the horizontal key on the third row only (moving the key assigned to letter Ǝ to the end of the second row). === Mobile devices === Some onscreen smartphone keyboards like [[Swiftkey]], [[Touchpal]], [[Multiling]] and African keyboards have full support for Pan-Nigerian alphabets.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://w3techy.com.ng/yoruba-yoruba-keyboard-for-android|title=Yoruba Keyboard For Android|last=Taiwo|first=Joseph|publisher=W3Techy|access-date=2019-04-30}}</ref> ==See also== *[[General Alphabet of Cameroon Languages]] *[[Africa Alphabet]] *[[African reference alphabet]] *[[Dinka alphabet]] *[[ISO 6438]] *[[Standard Alphabet by Lepsius]] *[[Vietnamese alphabet]] == Notes and references == <references /> {{Languages of Nigeria}} [[Category:Latin alphabets]] [[Category:Writing systems of Africa]] [[Category:Languages of Nigeria|*]] [[Category:Multilingual orthographies]] [[Category:Keyboard layouts]] [[Category:Writing systems introduced in 1985]] o2xxmqtke5zoi18l4y88dduarwxac8g 16436 16435 2022-08-23T16:57:23Z Kambai Akau 15 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Contains special characters}} '''Zwunzwuo a̱lyem a̱mgba̱m Naijeriya''' ji yet sot zwunzwuo Lati̱n 33 ja nang [[A̱ka̱wa̱tyia̱ A̱lyem A̱byin (Naijeriya)|A̱ka̱wa̱tyia̱ A̱lyem A̱byin]] ka ku kpaat ji̱ yet zwunzwuo kidee a̱ni mi̱ cet ndyia̱ 1980 hu. Á̱ fa ji̱ na maai di̱ lyuut a̱mgba̱m [[Lilyem Naijeriya|lilyem Naijeriya hu]] di̱ mi̱n nyian ta̱m ma̱ng zwunzwuo nang á̱ tyei fafaan a̱ni.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Kasali |first1=A. A. |last2=Jimoh |first2=K. O. |last3=Adeagbo |first3=M. A. |last4=Bello |first4=S. A. |date=2021-03-20 |title=Web-Based Text Editing System for Nigerian Major Languages |url=https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v40i2.15 |journal=Nigerian Journal of Technology |volume=40 |issue=2 |pages=292–301 |doi=10.4314/njt.v40i2.15|s2cid=240185001 }}</ref> ==Nkhang== Á̱ lyiat lilyem ma̱ a̱di̱di̱t vwuon ma̱ a̱byin [[Naijeriya]]. Zwunzwuó lyuut Lati̱n vwuon ji ni̱ tyia̱ dyem di̱ nyian ta̱m ma̱ng a̱yaatapi̱raita.{{how|date=September 2020}} In the 1980s the National Language Centre (NLC) undertook to develop a single alphabet suitable for writing all the languages of the country and replacing use of [[Arabic script]] in some [[Nigerian languages]] that were proposed in [[Colonial Nigeria|the colonial era]],{{what|date=September 2020}} taking as its starting point a model proposed by linguist [[Kay Williamson]] in 1981.{{Citation needed|date=September 2017}} The font family{{which|date=September 2020}} was developed in 1985-86 by Edward Oguejofor and Victor Manfredi, in co-operation with the NLC, with technical assistance from [[Hermann Zapf]]. ==Characters== [[Image:Pannigerian.png]]<br> If a Unicode font is installed with the Pan-Nigerian glyphs, then a table, such as the one below, should be seen:<br> {| class="nounderlines" border="0" rules="all" style="border: 1px solid #999; background-color:#FFFFFF;" |- align="center" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Upper case || width="25px" | [[A]] || width="25px" | [[B]] || width="25px" | [[Ɓ]] || width="25px" | [[C]] || width="25px" | [[D]] || width="25px" | [[Ɗ]] || width="25px" | [[E]] || width="25px" | [[Ǝ]] || width="25px" | [[Ẹ]] || width="25px" | [[F]] || width="25px" | [[G]] |- align="center" style="border-bottom: 2px solid #999;" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Lower case || a || b || ɓ || c || d || ɗ || e || ǝ || ẹ || f || g |- align="center" bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Upper case || [[H]] || [[I]] || [[Ị]] || [[J]] || [[K]] || [[Ƙ]] || [[L]] || [[M]] || [[N]] || [[O]] || [[Ọ]] |- align="center" bgcolor="#EFEFEF" style="border-bottom: 2px solid #999;" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Lower case || h || i || ị || j || k || ƙ || l || m || n || o || ọ |- align="center" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Upper case || [[P]] || [[R]] || [[S]] || [[Ṣ]] || [[T]] || [[U]] || [[Ụ]] || [[V]] || [[W]] || [[Y]] || [[Z]] |- align="center" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Lower case || p || r || s || ṣ || t || u || ụ || v || w || y || z |} The [[acute accent|acute]] ( ´ ), [[grave accent|grave]] ( ` ) and [[circumflex]] ( ˆ ) accents are also used to mark High, Low, and Falling tone respectively. Mid tone (in languages which contrast High, Mid, and Low) is left unmarked. == Kibwot == The following typewriter keyboard was produced for the NLC by [[Olivetti]]:<ref>[http://people.bu.edu/manfredi/PanNigerianArchive.pdf Pan-Nigerian Typewriter Design], archived</ref> {| class="wikitable" rules="all" style="clear:both;font-size:95%;line-height:1.4;margin:0.5em auto;background:inherit;color:inherit;border:1px solid #AAA;border-collapse:collapse;font-weight:bold;font-family:serif" |-style="line-height:1px;background:inherit;color:inherit" |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="4" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#AAA;border:1px solid #AAA"|&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA" title="Dead key"|ˆ<br />ˊ |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|"<br />2 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|/<br />3 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|−<br />4 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|₦<br />5 € |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|=<br />6 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|_<br />7 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|ǀ<br />8 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|(<br />9 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|)<br />? |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ɗ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ƙ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="8" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|⌫ <small>Backspace</small> |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="6" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>↹</big> <small>Tab</small> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA" title="Dead key"|ˉ<br />ˋ |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|W<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|E<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|R<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|T<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Y<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|U<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|I<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|O<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|P<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ụ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ị<br />&nbsp; |colspan="6" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA;border-bottom:hidden"|&nbsp; |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="7" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⇫</big> <small>Caps Lock</small> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|A<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|S<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|D<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|F<div style="font-size:smaller;color:#CCC;text-align:center" title="left hand rest position">_</div> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|G<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|H<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|J<div style="font-size:smaller;color:#CCC;text-align:center" title="right hand rest position">_</div> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|K<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|L<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ọ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ẹ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ǝ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="5" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA;border-top:hidden"|<big>↲</big> <small>Enter</small> |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="9" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⇧</big> <small>Shift</small> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Z<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"| Ɓ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|C<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|V<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|B<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|N<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|M<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|;<br />, |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|:<br />. |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ṣ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="12" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⇧</big> <small>Shift</small> |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Ctrl</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⊞</big> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Alt</small> |colspan="25" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA;text-align:center"|<small>Space bar</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Alt Gr</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Fn</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>≡</big> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Ctrl</small> |} On this typewriter keyboard layout the letters Q and X were not mapped as they were not part of the alphabet, and digits 0 or 1 had to be entered as capital letters O and I. Keys in grey (for modern computers) were missing. On modern keyboard for computers, the distinctive digits 0 and 1 are placed on the unshifted positions of keys of first row (like other digits), the letter Q is mapped like on standard QWERTY layouts, but dead keys at start of the first and second row need to be moved to the 102nd key on start of the first row (reducing the width of the left shift key), and to the shifted position of the new key assigned to digit 0 on the first row. In all cases, the Enter key may vary between this L-shaped key on two rows, and the horizontal key on the third row only (moving the key assigned to letter Ǝ to the end of the second row). === Mobile devices === Some onscreen smartphone keyboards like [[Swiftkey]], [[Touchpal]], [[Multiling]] and African keyboards have full support for Pan-Nigerian alphabets.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://w3techy.com.ng/yoruba-yoruba-keyboard-for-android|title=Yoruba Keyboard For Android|last=Taiwo|first=Joseph|publisher=W3Techy|access-date=2019-04-30}}</ref> ==See also== *[[General Alphabet of Cameroon Languages]] *[[Africa Alphabet]] *[[African reference alphabet]] *[[Dinka alphabet]] *[[ISO 6438]] *[[Standard Alphabet by Lepsius]] *[[Vietnamese alphabet]] == Notes and references == <references /> {{Languages of Nigeria}} [[Category:Latin alphabets]] [[Category:Writing systems of Africa]] [[Category:Languages of Nigeria|*]] [[Category:Multilingual orthographies]] [[Category:Keyboard layouts]] [[Category:Writing systems introduced in 1985]] ggwc1oeiofes555myfipwejvymtibmt 16437 16436 2022-08-23T16:57:44Z Kambai Akau 15 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Contains special characters}} '''Zwunzwuo a̱lyem a̱mgba̱m Naijeriya''' ji yet sot zwunzwuo Lati̱n 33 ja nang [[A̱ka̱wa̱tyia̱ A̱lyem A̱byin (Naijeriya)|A̱ka̱wa̱tyia̱ A̱lyem A̱byin]] ka ku kpaat ji̱ yet zwunzwuo kidee a̱ni mi̱ cet ndyia̱ 1980 hu. Á̱ fa ji̱ na maai di̱ lyuut a̱mgba̱m [[Lilyem Naijeriya|lilyem Naijeriya hu]] di̱ mi̱n nyian ta̱m ma̱ng zwunzwuo nang á̱ tyei fafaan a̱ni.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Kasali |first1=A. A. |last2=Jimoh |first2=K. O. |last3=Adeagbo |first3=M. A. |last4=Bello |first4=S. A. |date=2021-03-20 |title=Web-Based Text Editing System for Nigerian Major Languages |url=https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v40i2.15 |journal=Nigerian Journal of Technology |volume=40 |issue=2 |pages=292–301 |doi=10.4314/njt.v40i2.15|s2cid=240185001 }}</ref> ==Nkhang== Á̱ lyiat lilyem ma̱ a̱di̱di̱t vwuon ma̱ a̱byin [[Naijeriya]]. Zwunzwuó lyuut Lati̱n vwuon ji ni̱ tyia̱ dyem di̱ nyian ta̱m ma̱ng a̱yaatapi̱raita.{{how|date=September 2020}} In the 1980s the National Language Centre (NLC) undertook to develop a single alphabet suitable for writing all the languages of the country and replacing use of [[Arabic script]] in some [[Nigerian languages]] that were proposed in [[Colonial Nigeria|the colonial era]],{{what|date=September 2020}} taking as its starting point a model proposed by linguist [[Kay Williamson]] in 1981.{{Citation needed|date=September 2017}} The font family{{which|date=September 2020}} was developed in 1985-86 by Edward Oguejofor and Victor Manfredi, in co-operation with the NLC, with technical assistance from [[Hermann Zapf]]. == Zwunzwuó == [[Image:Pannigerian.png]]<br> If a Unicode font is installed with the Pan-Nigerian glyphs, then a table, such as the one below, should be seen:<br> {| class="nounderlines" border="0" rules="all" style="border: 1px solid #999; background-color:#FFFFFF;" |- align="center" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Upper case || width="25px" | [[A]] || width="25px" | [[B]] || width="25px" | [[Ɓ]] || width="25px" | [[C]] || width="25px" | [[D]] || width="25px" | [[Ɗ]] || width="25px" | [[E]] || width="25px" | [[Ǝ]] || width="25px" | [[Ẹ]] || width="25px" | [[F]] || width="25px" | [[G]] |- align="center" style="border-bottom: 2px solid #999;" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Lower case || a || b || ɓ || c || d || ɗ || e || ǝ || ẹ || f || g |- align="center" bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Upper case || [[H]] || [[I]] || [[Ị]] || [[J]] || [[K]] || [[Ƙ]] || [[L]] || [[M]] || [[N]] || [[O]] || [[Ọ]] |- align="center" bgcolor="#EFEFEF" style="border-bottom: 2px solid #999;" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Lower case || h || i || ị || j || k || ƙ || l || m || n || o || ọ |- align="center" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Upper case || [[P]] || [[R]] || [[S]] || [[Ṣ]] || [[T]] || [[U]] || [[Ụ]] || [[V]] || [[W]] || [[Y]] || [[Z]] |- align="center" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Lower case || p || r || s || ṣ || t || u || ụ || v || w || y || z |} The [[acute accent|acute]] ( ´ ), [[grave accent|grave]] ( ` ) and [[circumflex]] ( ˆ ) accents are also used to mark High, Low, and Falling tone respectively. Mid tone (in languages which contrast High, Mid, and Low) is left unmarked. == Kibwot == The following typewriter keyboard was produced for the NLC by [[Olivetti]]:<ref>[http://people.bu.edu/manfredi/PanNigerianArchive.pdf Pan-Nigerian Typewriter Design], archived</ref> {| class="wikitable" rules="all" style="clear:both;font-size:95%;line-height:1.4;margin:0.5em auto;background:inherit;color:inherit;border:1px solid #AAA;border-collapse:collapse;font-weight:bold;font-family:serif" |-style="line-height:1px;background:inherit;color:inherit" |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="4" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#AAA;border:1px solid #AAA"|&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA" title="Dead key"|ˆ<br />ˊ |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|"<br />2 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|/<br />3 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|−<br />4 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|₦<br />5 € |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|=<br />6 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|_<br />7 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|ǀ<br />8 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|(<br />9 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|)<br />? |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ɗ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ƙ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="8" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|⌫ <small>Backspace</small> |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="6" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>↹</big> <small>Tab</small> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA" title="Dead key"|ˉ<br />ˋ |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|W<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|E<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|R<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|T<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Y<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|U<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|I<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|O<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|P<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ụ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ị<br />&nbsp; |colspan="6" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA;border-bottom:hidden"|&nbsp; |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="7" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⇫</big> <small>Caps Lock</small> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|A<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|S<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|D<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|F<div style="font-size:smaller;color:#CCC;text-align:center" title="left hand rest position">_</div> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|G<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|H<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|J<div style="font-size:smaller;color:#CCC;text-align:center" title="right hand rest position">_</div> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|K<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|L<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ọ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ẹ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ǝ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="5" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA;border-top:hidden"|<big>↲</big> <small>Enter</small> |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="9" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⇧</big> <small>Shift</small> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Z<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"| Ɓ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|C<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|V<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|B<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|N<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|M<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|;<br />, |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|:<br />. |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ṣ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="12" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⇧</big> <small>Shift</small> |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Ctrl</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⊞</big> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Alt</small> |colspan="25" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA;text-align:center"|<small>Space bar</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Alt Gr</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Fn</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>≡</big> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Ctrl</small> |} On this typewriter keyboard layout the letters Q and X were not mapped as they were not part of the alphabet, and digits 0 or 1 had to be entered as capital letters O and I. Keys in grey (for modern computers) were missing. On modern keyboard for computers, the distinctive digits 0 and 1 are placed on the unshifted positions of keys of first row (like other digits), the letter Q is mapped like on standard QWERTY layouts, but dead keys at start of the first and second row need to be moved to the 102nd key on start of the first row (reducing the width of the left shift key), and to the shifted position of the new key assigned to digit 0 on the first row. In all cases, the Enter key may vary between this L-shaped key on two rows, and the horizontal key on the third row only (moving the key assigned to letter Ǝ to the end of the second row). === Mobile devices === Some onscreen smartphone keyboards like [[Swiftkey]], [[Touchpal]], [[Multiling]] and African keyboards have full support for Pan-Nigerian alphabets.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://w3techy.com.ng/yoruba-yoruba-keyboard-for-android|title=Yoruba Keyboard For Android|last=Taiwo|first=Joseph|publisher=W3Techy|access-date=2019-04-30}}</ref> ==See also== *[[General Alphabet of Cameroon Languages]] *[[Africa Alphabet]] *[[African reference alphabet]] *[[Dinka alphabet]] *[[ISO 6438]] *[[Standard Alphabet by Lepsius]] *[[Vietnamese alphabet]] == Notes and references == <references /> {{Languages of Nigeria}} [[Category:Latin alphabets]] [[Category:Writing systems of Africa]] [[Category:Languages of Nigeria|*]] [[Category:Multilingual orthographies]] [[Category:Keyboard layouts]] [[Category:Writing systems introduced in 1985]] salh47vvfxlj7i17h5sevq75xf81gtv 16438 16437 2022-08-23T17:01:05Z Kambai Akau 15 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Contains special characters}} '''Zwunzwuo a̱lyem a̱mgba̱m Naijeriya''' ji yet sot zwunzwuo Lati̱n 33 ja nang [[A̱ka̱wa̱tyia̱ A̱lyem A̱byin (Naijeriya)|A̱ka̱wa̱tyia̱ A̱lyem A̱byin]] ka ku kpaat ji̱ yet zwunzwuo kidee a̱ni mi̱ cet ndyia̱ 1980 hu. Á̱ fa ji̱ na maai di̱ lyuut a̱mgba̱m [[Lilyem Naijeriya|lilyem Naijeriya hu]] di̱ mi̱n nyian ta̱m ma̱ng zwunzwuo nang á̱ tyei fafaan a̱ni.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Kasali |first1=A. A. |last2=Jimoh |first2=K. O. |last3=Adeagbo |first3=M. A. |last4=Bello |first4=S. A. |date=2021-03-20 |title=Web-Based Text Editing System for Nigerian Major Languages |url=https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v40i2.15 |journal=Nigerian Journal of Technology |volume=40 |issue=2 |pages=292–301 |doi=10.4314/njt.v40i2.15|s2cid=240185001 }}</ref> ==Nkhang== Á̱ lyiat lilyem ma̱ a̱di̱di̱t vwuon ma̱ a̱byin [[Naijeriya]]. Zwunzwuó lyuut Lati̱n vwuon ji ni̱ tyia̱ dyem di̱ nyian ta̱m ma̱ng a̱yaatapi̱raita.{{how|date=September 2020}} In the 1980s the National Language Centre (NLC) undertook to develop a single alphabet suitable for writing all the languages of the country and replacing use of [[Arabic script]] in some [[Nigerian languages]] that were proposed in [[Colonial Nigeria|the colonial era]],{{what|date=September 2020}} taking as its starting point a model proposed by linguist [[Kay Williamson]] in 1981.{{Citation needed|date=September 2017}} The font family{{which|date=September 2020}} was developed in 1985-86 by Edward Oguejofor and Victor Manfredi, in co-operation with the NLC, with technical assistance from [[Hermann Zapf]]. == Zwunzwuó == [[Image:Pannigerian.png]]<br> If a Unicode font is installed with the Pan-Nigerian glyphs, then a table, such as the one below, should be seen:<br> {| class="nounderlines" border="0" rules="all" style="border: 1px solid #999; background-color:#FFFFFF;" |- align="center" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Upper case || width="25px" | [[A]] || width="25px" | [[B]] || width="25px" | [[Ɓ]] || width="25px" | [[C]] || width="25px" | [[D]] || width="25px" | [[Ɗ]] || width="25px" | [[E]] || width="25px" | [[Ǝ]] || width="25px" | [[Ẹ]] || width="25px" | [[F]] || width="25px" | [[G]] |- align="center" style="border-bottom: 2px solid #999;" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Lower case || a || b || ɓ || c || d || ɗ || e || ǝ || ẹ || f || g |- align="center" bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Upper case || [[H]] || [[I]] || [[Ị]] || [[J]] || [[K]] || [[Ƙ]] || [[L]] || [[M]] || [[N]] || [[O]] || [[Ọ]] |- align="center" bgcolor="#EFEFEF" style="border-bottom: 2px solid #999;" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Lower case || h || i || ị || j || k || ƙ || l || m || n || o || ọ |- align="center" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Upper case || [[P]] || [[R]] || [[S]] || [[Ṣ]] || [[T]] || [[U]] || [[Ụ]] || [[V]] || [[W]] || [[Y]] || [[Z]] |- align="center" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Lower case || p || r || s || ṣ || t || u || ụ || v || w || y || z |} The [[acute accent|acute]] ( ´ ), [[grave accent|grave]] ( ` ) and [[circumflex]] ( ˆ ) accents are also used to mark High, Low, and Falling tone respectively. Mid tone (in languages which contrast High, Mid, and Low) is left unmarked. == Kibwot == The following typewriter keyboard was produced for the NLC by [[Olivetti]]:<ref>[http://people.bu.edu/manfredi/PanNigerianArchive.pdf Pan-Nigerian Typewriter Design], archived</ref> {| class="wikitable" rules="all" style="clear:both;font-size:95%;line-height:1.4;margin:0.5em auto;background:inherit;color:inherit;border:1px solid #AAA;border-collapse:collapse;font-weight:bold;font-family:serif" |-style="line-height:1px;background:inherit;color:inherit" |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="4" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#AAA;border:1px solid #AAA"|&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA" title="Dead key"|ˆ<br />ˊ |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|"<br />2 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|/<br />3 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|−<br />4 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|₦<br />5 € |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|=<br />6 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|_<br />7 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|ǀ<br />8 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|(<br />9 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|)<br />? |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ɗ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ƙ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="8" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|⌫ <small>Backspace</small> |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="6" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>↹</big> <small>Tab</small> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA" title="Dead key"|ˉ<br />ˋ |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|W<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|E<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|R<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|T<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Y<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|U<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|I<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|O<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|P<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ụ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ị<br />&nbsp; |colspan="6" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA;border-bottom:hidden"|&nbsp; |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="7" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⇫</big> <small>Caps Lock</small> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|A<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|S<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|D<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|F<div style="font-size:smaller;color:#CCC;text-align:center" title="left hand rest position">_</div> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|G<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|H<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|J<div style="font-size:smaller;color:#CCC;text-align:center" title="right hand rest position">_</div> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|K<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|L<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ọ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ẹ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ǝ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="5" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA;border-top:hidden"|<big>↲</big> <small>Enter</small> |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="9" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⇧</big> <small>Shift</small> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Z<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"| Ɓ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|C<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|V<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|B<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|N<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|M<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|;<br />, |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|:<br />. |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ṣ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="12" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⇧</big> <small>Shift</small> |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Ctrl</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⊞</big> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Alt</small> |colspan="25" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA;text-align:center"|<small>Space bar</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Alt Gr</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Fn</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>≡</big> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Ctrl</small> |} On this typewriter keyboard layout the letters Q and X were not mapped as they were not part of the alphabet, and digits 0 or 1 had to be entered as capital letters O and I. Keys in grey (for modern computers) were missing. On modern keyboard for computers, the distinctive digits 0 and 1 are placed on the unshifted positions of keys of first row (like other digits), the letter Q is mapped like on standard QWERTY layouts, but dead keys at start of the first and second row need to be moved to the 102nd key on start of the first row (reducing the width of the left shift key), and to the shifted position of the new key assigned to digit 0 on the first row. In all cases, the Enter key may vary between this L-shaped key on two rows, and the horizontal key on the third row only (moving the key assigned to letter Ǝ to the end of the second row). === Mobile devices === Some onscreen smartphone keyboards like [[Swiftkey]], [[Touchpal]], [[Multiling]] and African keyboards have full support for Pan-Nigerian alphabets.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://w3techy.com.ng/yoruba-yoruba-keyboard-for-android|title=Yoruba Keyboard For Android|last=Taiwo|first=Joseph|publisher=W3Techy|access-date=2019-04-30}}</ref> ==Bu nwuan== *[[Zwunzwuo-a̱lyem Lilyem Kemerun da̱ A̱ka̱nyiung]] *[[Zwunzwuo-a̱lyem Afrika]] *[[Zwunzwuo-a̱lyem ya̱fang Afrika]] *[[Zwunzwuo-a̱lyem Dinka]] *[[ISO 6438]] *[[Zwunzwuo-a̱lyem Kidee mbwak Lepsius]] *[[Zwunzwuo-a̱lyem Viyetnam]] == Notes and references == <references /> {{Languages of Nigeria}} [[Category:Latin alphabets]] [[Category:Writing systems of Africa]] [[Category:Languages of Nigeria|*]] [[Category:Multilingual orthographies]] [[Category:Keyboard layouts]] [[Category:Writing systems introduced in 1985]] om5m9wcljnsrss2k96z4yvfgs83kixn 16439 16438 2022-08-23T17:05:12Z Kambai Akau 15 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Contains special characters}} '''Zwunzwuo a̱lyem a̱mgba̱m Naijeriya''' ji yet sot zwunzwuo Lati̱n 33 ja nang [[A̱ka̱wa̱tyia̱ A̱lyem A̱byin (Naijeriya)|A̱ka̱wa̱tyia̱ A̱lyem A̱byin]] ka ku kpaat ji̱ yet zwunzwuo kidee a̱ni mi̱ cet ndyia̱ 1980 hu. Á̱ fa ji̱ na maai di̱ lyuut a̱mgba̱m [[Lilyem Naijeriya|lilyem Naijeriya hu]] di̱ mi̱n nyian ta̱m ma̱ng zwunzwuo nang á̱ tyei fafaan a̱ni.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Kasali |first1=A. A. |last2=Jimoh |first2=K. O. |last3=Adeagbo |first3=M. A. |last4=Bello |first4=S. A. |date=2021-03-20 |title=Web-Based Text Editing System for Nigerian Major Languages |url=https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v40i2.15 |journal=Nigerian Journal of Technology |volume=40 |issue=2 |pages=292–301 |doi=10.4314/njt.v40i2.15|s2cid=240185001 }}</ref> ==Nkhang== Á̱ lyiat lilyem ma̱ a̱di̱di̱t vwuon ma̱ a̱byin [[Naijeriya]]. Zwunzwuó lyuut Lati̱n vwuon ji ni̱ tyia̱ dyem di̱ nyian ta̱m ma̱ng a̱yaatapi̱raita.{{how|date=September 2020}} In the 1980s the National Language Centre (NLC) undertook to develop a single alphabet suitable for writing all the languages of the country and replacing use of [[Arabic script]] in some [[Nigerian languages]] that were proposed in [[Colonial Nigeria|the colonial era]],{{what|date=September 2020}} taking as its starting point a model proposed by linguist [[Kay Williamson]] in 1981.{{Citation needed|date=September 2017}} The font family{{which|date=September 2020}} was developed in 1985-86 by Edward Oguejofor and Victor Manfredi, in co-operation with the NLC, with technical assistance from [[Hermann Zapf]]. == Zwunzwuó == [[Image:Pannigerian.png]]<br> If a Unicode font is installed with the Pan-Nigerian glyphs, then a table, such as the one below, should be seen:<br> {| class="nounderlines" border="0" rules="all" style="border: 1px solid #999; background-color:#FFFFFF;" |- align="center" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Upper case || width="25px" | [[A]] || width="25px" | [[B]] || width="25px" | [[Ɓ]] || width="25px" | [[C]] || width="25px" | [[D]] || width="25px" | [[Ɗ]] || width="25px" | [[E]] || width="25px" | [[Ǝ]] || width="25px" | [[Ẹ]] || width="25px" | [[F]] || width="25px" | [[G]] |- align="center" style="border-bottom: 2px solid #999;" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Lower case || a || b || ɓ || c || d || ɗ || e || ǝ || ẹ || f || g |- align="center" bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Upper case || [[H]] || [[I]] || [[Ị]] || [[J]] || [[K]] || [[Ƙ]] || [[L]] || [[M]] || [[N]] || [[O]] || [[Ọ]] |- align="center" bgcolor="#EFEFEF" style="border-bottom: 2px solid #999;" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Lower case || h || i || ị || j || k || ƙ || l || m || n || o || ọ |- align="center" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Upper case || [[P]] || [[R]] || [[S]] || [[Ṣ]] || [[T]] || [[U]] || [[Ụ]] || [[V]] || [[W]] || [[Y]] || [[Z]] |- align="center" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Lower case || p || r || s || ṣ || t || u || ụ || v || w || y || z |} The [[acute accent|acute]] ( ´ ), [[grave accent|grave]] ( ` ) and [[circumflex]] ( ˆ ) accents are also used to mark High, Low, and Falling tone respectively. Mid tone (in languages which contrast High, Mid, and Low) is left unmarked. == Kibwot == The following typewriter keyboard was produced for the NLC by [[Olivetti]]:<ref>[http://people.bu.edu/manfredi/PanNigerianArchive.pdf Pan-Nigerian Typewriter Design], archived</ref> {| class="wikitable" rules="all" style="clear:both;font-size:95%;line-height:1.4;margin:0.5em auto;background:inherit;color:inherit;border:1px solid #AAA;border-collapse:collapse;font-weight:bold;font-family:serif" |-style="line-height:1px;background:inherit;color:inherit" |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="4" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#AAA;border:1px solid #AAA"|&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA" title="Dead key"|ˆ<br />ˊ |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|"<br />2 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|/<br />3 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|−<br />4 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|₦<br />5 € |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|=<br />6 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|_<br />7 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|ǀ<br />8 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|(<br />9 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|)<br />? |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ɗ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ƙ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="8" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|⌫ <small>Backspace</small> |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="6" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>↹</big> <small>Tab</small> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA" title="Dead key"|ˉ<br />ˋ |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|W<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|E<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|R<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|T<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Y<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|U<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|I<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|O<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|P<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ụ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ị<br />&nbsp; |colspan="6" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA;border-bottom:hidden"|&nbsp; |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="7" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⇫</big> <small>Caps Lock</small> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|A<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|S<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|D<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|F<div style="font-size:smaller;color:#CCC;text-align:center" title="left hand rest position">_</div> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|G<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|H<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|J<div style="font-size:smaller;color:#CCC;text-align:center" title="right hand rest position">_</div> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|K<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|L<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ọ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ẹ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ǝ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="5" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA;border-top:hidden"|<big>↲</big> <small>Enter</small> |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="9" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⇧</big> <small>Shift</small> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Z<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"| Ɓ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|C<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|V<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|B<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|N<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|M<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|;<br />, |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|:<br />. |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ṣ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="12" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⇧</big> <small>Shift</small> |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Ctrl</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⊞</big> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Alt</small> |colspan="25" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA;text-align:center"|<small>Space bar</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Alt Gr</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Fn</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>≡</big> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Ctrl</small> |} On this typewriter keyboard layout the letters Q and X were not mapped as they were not part of the alphabet, and digits 0 or 1 had to be entered as capital letters O and I. Keys in grey (for modern computers) were missing. On modern keyboard for computers, the distinctive digits 0 and 1 are placed on the unshifted positions of keys of first row (like other digits), the letter Q is mapped like on standard QWERTY layouts, but dead keys at start of the first and second row need to be moved to the 102nd key on start of the first row (reducing the width of the left shift key), and to the shifted position of the new key assigned to digit 0 on the first row. In all cases, the Enter key may vary between this L-shaped key on two rows, and the horizontal key on the third row only (moving the key assigned to letter Ǝ to the end of the second row). === Mobile devices === Some onscreen smartphone keyboards like [[Swiftkey]], [[Touchpal]], [[Multiling]] and African keyboards have full support for Pan-Nigerian alphabets.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://w3techy.com.ng/yoruba-yoruba-keyboard-for-android|title=Yoruba Keyboard For Android|last=Taiwo|first=Joseph|publisher=W3Techy|access-date=2019-04-30}}</ref> ==Bu nwuan== *[[Zwunzwuo-a̱lyem Lilyem Kemerun da̱ A̱ka̱nyiung]] *[[Zwunzwuo-a̱lyem Afrika]] *[[Zwunzwuo-a̱lyem ya̱fang Afrika]] *[[Zwunzwuo-a̱lyem Dinka]] *[[ISO 6438]] *[[Zwunzwuo-a̱lyem Kidee mbwak Lepsius]] *[[Zwunzwuo-a̱lyem Viyetnam]] == Ya̱gyit ma̱ng ya̱fang == <references /> {{Lilyem Naijeriya}} [[Category:Zwunzwuó-a̱lyem Lati̱n]] [[Category:Nvak lyuut Afrika]] [[Category:Lilyem Naijeriya|*]] [[Category:A̱yaatogi̱rafi lilyem ma̱ a̱di̱di̱t]] [[Category:Nkhwom kibwot]] [[Category:Nvak lyuut á̱ ku ghwut ndyo ma̱ a̱lyia̱ 1985]] kr2nz9hvtu8vv5kmnh71mrwmvn4pa9y 16442 16439 2022-08-23T18:22:15Z Kambai Akau 15 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Contains special characters}} '''Zwunzwuo a̱lyem a̱mgba̱m Naijeriya''' ji yet sot zwunzwuo Lati̱n 33 ja nang [[A̱ka̱wa̱tyia̱ A̱lyem A̱byin (Naijeriya)|A̱ka̱wa̱tyia̱ A̱lyem A̱byin]] ka ku kpaat ji̱ yet zwunzwuo kidee a̱ni mi̱ cet ndyia̱ 1980 hu. Á̱ fa ji̱ na maai di̱ lyuut a̱mgba̱m [[Lilyem Naijeriya|lilyem Naijeriya hu]] di̱ mi̱n nyian ta̱m ma̱ng zwunzwuo nang á̱ tyei fafaan a̱ni.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Kasali |first1=A. A. |last2=Jimoh |first2=K. O. |last3=Adeagbo |first3=M. A. |last4=Bello |first4=S. A. |date=2021-03-20 |title=Web-Based Text Editing System for Nigerian Major Languages |url=https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v40i2.15 |journal=Nigerian Journal of Technology |volume=40 |issue=2 |pages=292–301 |doi=10.4314/njt.v40i2.15|s2cid=240185001 }}</ref> ==Nkhang== Á̱ lyiat lilyem ma̱ a̱di̱di̱t vwuon ma̱ a̱byin [[Naijeriya]]. Zwunzwuó lyuut Lati̱n vwuon ji ni̱ tyia̱ dyem di̱ nyian ta̱m ma̱ng a̱yaatapi̱raita.{{how|date=September 2020}} In the 1980s the National Language Centre (NLC) undertook to develop a single alphabet suitable for writing all the languages of the country and replacing use of [[Arabic script]] in some [[Nigerian languages]] that were proposed in [[Colonial Nigeria|the colonial era]],{{what|date=September 2020}} taking as its starting point a model proposed by linguist [[Kay Williamson]] in 1981.{{Citation needed|date=September 2017}} The font family{{which|date=September 2020}} was developed in 1985-86 by Edward Oguejofor and Victor Manfredi, in co-operation with the NLC, with technical assistance from [[Hermann Zapf]]. == Zwunzwuó == [[Image:Pannigerian.png]]<br> If a Unicode font is installed with the Pan-Nigerian glyphs, then a table, such as the one below, should be seen:<br> {| class="nounderlines" border="0" rules="all" style="border: 1px solid #999; background-color:#FFFFFF;" |- align="center" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Upper case || width="25px" | [[A]] || width="25px" | [[B]] || width="25px" | [[Ɓ]] || width="25px" | [[C]] || width="25px" | [[D]] || width="25px" | [[Ɗ]] || width="25px" | [[E]] || width="25px" | [[Ǝ]] || width="25px" | [[Ẹ]] || width="25px" | [[F]] || width="25px" | [[G]] |- align="center" style="border-bottom: 2px solid #999;" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Lower case || a || b || ɓ || c || d || ɗ || e || ǝ || ẹ || f || g |- align="center" bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Upper case || [[H]] || [[I]] || [[Ị]] || [[J]] || [[K]] || [[Ƙ]] || [[L]] || [[M]] || [[N]] || [[O]] || [[Ọ]] |- align="center" bgcolor="#EFEFEF" style="border-bottom: 2px solid #999;" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Lower case || h || i || ị || j || k || ƙ || l || m || n || o || ọ |- align="center" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Upper case || [[P]] || [[R]] || [[S]] || [[Ṣ]] || [[T]] || [[U]] || [[Ụ]] || [[V]] || [[W]] || [[Y]] || [[Z]] |- align="center" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Lower case || p || r || s || ṣ || t || u || ụ || v || w || y || z |} The [[acute accent|acute]] ( ´ ), [[grave accent|grave]] ( ` ) and [[circumflex]] ( ˆ ) accents are also used to mark High, Low, and Falling tone respectively. Mid tone (in languages which contrast High, Mid, and Low) is left unmarked. == Kibwot == The following typewriter keyboard was produced for the NLC by [[Olivetti]]:<ref>[http://people.bu.edu/manfredi/PanNigerianArchive.pdf Pan-Nigerian Typewriter Design], archived</ref> {| class="wikitable" rules="all" style="clear:both;font-size:95%;line-height:1.4;margin:0.5em auto;background:inherit;color:inherit;border:1px solid #AAA;border-collapse:collapse;font-weight:bold;font-family:serif" |-style="line-height:1px;background:inherit;color:inherit" |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="4" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#AAA;border:1px solid #AAA"|&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA" title="Dead key"|ˆ<br />ˊ |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|"<br />2 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|/<br />3 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|−<br />4 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|₦<br />5 € |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|=<br />6 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|_<br />7 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|ǀ<br />8 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|(<br />9 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|)<br />? |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ɗ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ƙ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="8" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|⌫ <small>Backspace</small> |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="6" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>↹</big> <small>Tab</small> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA" title="Dead key"|ˉ<br />ˋ |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|W<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|E<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|R<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|T<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Y<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|U<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|I<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|O<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|P<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ụ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ị<br />&nbsp; |colspan="6" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA;border-bottom:hidden"|&nbsp; |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="7" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⇫</big> <small>Caps Lock</small> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|A<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|S<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|D<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|F<div style="font-size:smaller;color:#CCC;text-align:center" title="left hand rest position">_</div> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|G<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|H<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|J<div style="font-size:smaller;color:#CCC;text-align:center" title="right hand rest position">_</div> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|K<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|L<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ọ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ẹ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ǝ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="5" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA;border-top:hidden"|<big>↲</big> <small>Enter</small> |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="9" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⇧</big> <small>Shift</small> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Z<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"| Ɓ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|C<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|V<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|B<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|N<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|M<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|;<br />, |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|:<br />. |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ṣ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="12" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⇧</big> <small>Shift</small> |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Ctrl</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⊞</big> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Alt</small> |colspan="25" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA;text-align:center"|<small>Space bar</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Alt Gr</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Fn</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>≡</big> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Ctrl</small> |} On this typewriter keyboard layout the letters Q and X were not mapped as they were not part of the alphabet, and digits 0 or 1 had to be entered as capital letters O and I. Keys in grey (for modern computers) were missing. On modern keyboard for computers, the distinctive digits 0 and 1 are placed on the unshifted positions of keys of first row (like other digits), the letter Q is mapped like on standard QWERTY layouts, but dead keys at start of the first and second row need to be moved to the 102nd key on start of the first row (reducing the width of the left shift key), and to the shifted position of the new key assigned to digit 0 on the first row. In all cases, the Enter key may vary between this L-shaped key on two rows, and the horizontal key on the third row only (moving the key assigned to letter Ǝ to the end of the second row). === Jét a̱bwoi === Some onscreen smartphone keyboards like [[Swiftkey]], [[Touchpal]], [[Multiling]] and African keyboards have full support for Pan-Nigerian alphabets.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://w3techy.com.ng/yoruba-yoruba-keyboard-for-android|title=Yoruba Keyboard For Android|last=Taiwo|first=Joseph|publisher=W3Techy|access-date=2019-04-30}}</ref> ==Bu nwuan== *[[Zwunzwuo-a̱lyem Lilyem Kemerun da̱ A̱ka̱nyiung]] *[[Zwunzwuo-a̱lyem Afrika]] *[[Zwunzwuo-a̱lyem ya̱fang Afrika]] *[[Zwunzwuo-a̱lyem Dinka]] *[[ISO 6438]] *[[Zwunzwuo-a̱lyem Kidee mbwak Lepsius]] *[[Zwunzwuo-a̱lyem Viyetnam]] == Ya̱gyit ma̱ng ya̱fang == <references /> {{Lilyem Naijeriya}} [[Category:Zwunzwuó-a̱lyem Lati̱n]] [[Category:Nvak lyuut Afrika]] [[Category:Lilyem Naijeriya|*]] [[Category:A̱yaatogi̱rafi lilyem ma̱ a̱di̱di̱t]] [[Category:Nkhwom kibwot]] [[Category:Nvak lyuut á̱ ku ghwut ndyo ma̱ a̱lyia̱ 1985]] d57rpvvw2lty0d6o0xezj2osu0u8qpw 16443 16442 2022-08-23T18:35:56Z Kambai Akau 15 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Contains special characters}} '''Zwunzwuo a̱lyem a̱mgba̱m Naijeriya''' ji yet sot zwunzwuo Lati̱n 33 ja nang [[A̱ka̱wa̱tyia̱ A̱lyem A̱byin (Naijeriya)|A̱ka̱wa̱tyia̱ A̱lyem A̱byin]] ka ku kpaat ji̱ yet zwunzwuo kidee a̱ni mi̱ cet ndyia̱ 1980 hu. Á̱ fa ji̱ na maai di̱ lyuut a̱mgba̱m [[Lilyem Naijeriya|lilyem Naijeriya hu]] di̱ mi̱n nyian ta̱m ma̱ng zwunzwuo nang á̱ tyei fafaan a̱ni.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Kasali |first1=A. A. |last2=Jimoh |first2=K. O. |last3=Adeagbo |first3=M. A. |last4=Bello |first4=S. A. |date=2021-03-20 |title=Web-Based Text Editing System for Nigerian Major Languages |url=https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v40i2.15 |journal=Nigerian Journal of Technology |volume=40 |issue=2 |pages=292–301 |doi=10.4314/njt.v40i2.15|s2cid=240185001 }}</ref> ==Nkhang== Á̱ lyiat di̱ lilyem ma̱ a̱di̱di̱t vwuon ma̱ a̱byin [[Naijeriya]]. Zwunzwuó lyuut Lati̱n vwuon ji ni̱ tyia̱ dyem di̱ nyian ta̱m ma̱ng a̱yaatapi̱raita. Mi̱ ce ndyia̱ 1980 na A̱cyian A̱lyem A̱byin ka si̱ kyiak kpa̱t byi̱k zwunzwuo-a̱lyem jhyiung ji̱ na yet myim lyuut a̱mgba̱m lilyem a̱byin ka ji̱ ka shai lyuut A̱la̱ra̱ba hu nang á̱ ku jhyi á̱ sak di̱n jen tyok á̱nietcen hu a̱ni, á̱ si̱ ntsa ma̱ng khwom hu nang [[Lyenlilyem|a̱tyulyenlilyem]] wu [[Kay Williamson]] ku jhyi a̱ni ma̱ a̱lyia̱ 1981. The font family was developed in 1985-86 by Edward Oguejofor and Victor Manfredi, in co-operation with the NLC, with technical assistance from [[Hermann Zapf]]. == Zwunzwuó == [[Image:Pannigerian.png]]<br> If a Unicode font is installed with the Pan-Nigerian glyphs, then a table, such as the one below, should be seen:<br> {| class="nounderlines" border="0" rules="all" style="border: 1px solid #999; background-color:#FFFFFF;" |- align="center" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Upper case || width="25px" | [[A]] || width="25px" | [[B]] || width="25px" | [[Ɓ]] || width="25px" | [[C]] || width="25px" | [[D]] || width="25px" | [[Ɗ]] || width="25px" | [[E]] || width="25px" | [[Ǝ]] || width="25px" | [[Ẹ]] || width="25px" | [[F]] || width="25px" | [[G]] |- align="center" style="border-bottom: 2px solid #999;" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Lower case || a || b || ɓ || c || d || ɗ || e || ǝ || ẹ || f || g |- align="center" bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Upper case || [[H]] || [[I]] || [[Ị]] || [[J]] || [[K]] || [[Ƙ]] || [[L]] || [[M]] || [[N]] || [[O]] || [[Ọ]] |- align="center" bgcolor="#EFEFEF" style="border-bottom: 2px solid #999;" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Lower case || h || i || ị || j || k || ƙ || l || m || n || o || ọ |- align="center" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Upper case || [[P]] || [[R]] || [[S]] || [[Ṣ]] || [[T]] || [[U]] || [[Ụ]] || [[V]] || [[W]] || [[Y]] || [[Z]] |- align="center" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Lower case || p || r || s || ṣ || t || u || ụ || v || w || y || z |} The [[acute accent|acute]] ( ´ ), [[grave accent|grave]] ( ` ) and [[circumflex]] ( ˆ ) accents are also used to mark High, Low, and Falling tone respectively. Mid tone (in languages which contrast High, Mid, and Low) is left unmarked. == Kibwot == The following typewriter keyboard was produced for the NLC by [[Olivetti]]:<ref>[http://people.bu.edu/manfredi/PanNigerianArchive.pdf Pan-Nigerian Typewriter Design], archived</ref> {| class="wikitable" rules="all" style="clear:both;font-size:95%;line-height:1.4;margin:0.5em auto;background:inherit;color:inherit;border:1px solid #AAA;border-collapse:collapse;font-weight:bold;font-family:serif" |-style="line-height:1px;background:inherit;color:inherit" |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="4" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#AAA;border:1px solid #AAA"|&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA" title="Dead key"|ˆ<br />ˊ |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|"<br />2 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|/<br />3 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|−<br />4 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|₦<br />5 € |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|=<br />6 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|_<br />7 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|ǀ<br />8 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|(<br />9 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|)<br />? |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ɗ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ƙ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="8" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|⌫ <small>Backspace</small> |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="6" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>↹</big> <small>Tab</small> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA" title="Dead key"|ˉ<br />ˋ |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|W<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|E<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|R<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|T<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Y<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|U<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|I<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|O<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|P<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ụ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ị<br />&nbsp; |colspan="6" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA;border-bottom:hidden"|&nbsp; |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="7" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⇫</big> <small>Caps Lock</small> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|A<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|S<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|D<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|F<div style="font-size:smaller;color:#CCC;text-align:center" title="left hand rest position">_</div> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|G<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|H<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|J<div style="font-size:smaller;color:#CCC;text-align:center" title="right hand rest position">_</div> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|K<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|L<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ọ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ẹ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ǝ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="5" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA;border-top:hidden"|<big>↲</big> <small>Enter</small> |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="9" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⇧</big> <small>Shift</small> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Z<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"| Ɓ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|C<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|V<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|B<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|N<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|M<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|;<br />, |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|:<br />. |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ṣ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="12" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⇧</big> <small>Shift</small> |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Ctrl</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⊞</big> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Alt</small> |colspan="25" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA;text-align:center"|<small>Space bar</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Alt Gr</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Fn</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>≡</big> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Ctrl</small> |} On this typewriter keyboard layout the letters Q and X were not mapped as they were not part of the alphabet, and digits 0 or 1 had to be entered as capital letters O and I. Keys in grey (for modern computers) were missing. On modern keyboard for computers, the distinctive digits 0 and 1 are placed on the unshifted positions of keys of first row (like other digits), the letter Q is mapped like on standard QWERTY layouts, but dead keys at start of the first and second row need to be moved to the 102nd key on start of the first row (reducing the width of the left shift key), and to the shifted position of the new key assigned to digit 0 on the first row. In all cases, the Enter key may vary between this L-shaped key on two rows, and the horizontal key on the third row only (moving the key assigned to letter Ǝ to the end of the second row). === Jét a̱bwoi === Some onscreen smartphone keyboards like [[Swiftkey]], [[Touchpal]], [[Multiling]] and African keyboards have full support for Pan-Nigerian alphabets.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://w3techy.com.ng/yoruba-yoruba-keyboard-for-android|title=Yoruba Keyboard For Android|last=Taiwo|first=Joseph|publisher=W3Techy|access-date=2019-04-30}}</ref> ==Bu nwuan== *[[Zwunzwuo-a̱lyem Lilyem Kemerun da̱ A̱ka̱nyiung]] *[[Zwunzwuo-a̱lyem Afrika]] *[[Zwunzwuo-a̱lyem ya̱fang Afrika]] *[[Zwunzwuo-a̱lyem Dinka]] *[[ISO 6438]] *[[Zwunzwuo-a̱lyem Kidee mbwak Lepsius]] *[[Zwunzwuo-a̱lyem Viyetnam]] == Ya̱gyit ma̱ng ya̱fang == <references /> {{Lilyem Naijeriya}} [[Category:Zwunzwuó-a̱lyem Lati̱n]] [[Category:Nvak lyuut Afrika]] [[Category:Lilyem Naijeriya|*]] [[Category:A̱yaatogi̱rafi lilyem ma̱ a̱di̱di̱t]] [[Category:Nkhwom kibwot]] [[Category:Nvak lyuut á̱ ku ghwut ndyo ma̱ a̱lyia̱ 1985]] p7mi97czg5r8y233gyd8t3r9mm42c64 16444 16443 2022-08-23T18:39:40Z Kambai Akau 15 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Contains special characters}} '''Zwunzwuo a̱lyem a̱mgba̱m Naijeriya''' ji yet sot zwunzwuo Lati̱n 33 ja nang [[A̱ka̱wa̱tyia̱ A̱lyem A̱byin (Naijeriya)|A̱ka̱wa̱tyia̱ A̱lyem A̱byin]] ka ku kpaat ji̱ yet zwunzwuo kidee a̱ni mi̱ cet ndyia̱ 1980 hu. Á̱ fa ji̱ na maai di̱ lyuut a̱mgba̱m [[Lilyem Naijeriya|lilyem Naijeriya hu]] di̱ mi̱n nyian ta̱m ma̱ng zwunzwuo nang á̱ tyei fafaan a̱ni.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Kasali |first1=A. A. |last2=Jimoh |first2=K. O. |last3=Adeagbo |first3=M. A. |last4=Bello |first4=S. A. |date=2021-03-20 |title=Web-Based Text Editing System for Nigerian Major Languages |url=https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v40i2.15 |journal=Nigerian Journal of Technology |volume=40 |issue=2 |pages=292–301 |doi=10.4314/njt.v40i2.15|s2cid=240185001 }}</ref> ==Nkhang== Á̱ lyiat di̱ lilyem ma̱ a̱di̱di̱t vwuon hwa ma̱ a̱byin [[Naijeriya]]. Zwunzwuó lyuut Lati̱n vwuon ji ni̱ tyia̱ dyem di̱ nyian ta̱m ma̱ng a̱yaatapi̱raita. Mi̱ ce ndyia̱ 1980 na A̱cyian A̱lyem A̱byin ka si̱ kyiak kpa̱t byi̱k zwunzwuo-a̱lyem jhyiung ji̱ na yet myim lyuut a̱mgba̱m lilyem a̱byin ka ji̱ ka shai lyuut A̱la̱ra̱ba hu nang á̱ ku jhyi á̱ sak di̱n jen tyok á̱nietcen hu a̱ni, á̱ si̱ ntsa ma̱ng khwom hu nang [[Lyenlilyem|a̱tyulyenlilyem]] wu [[Kay Williamson]] ku jhyi a̱ni ma̱ a̱lyia̱ 1981. Á̱ ku jhyi kyangbwak ga̱lyuut hu tsi̱tsak a̱lyia̱ 1985-86 mbwak Edward Oguejofor ma̱ng Victor Manfredi, di̱ tung mbwak ma̱ng sot NLC ji, mbeang beang lyennkyangta̱m mbwak [[Hermann Zapf]]. == Zwunzwuó == [[Image:Pannigerian.png]]<br> If a Unicode font is installed with the Pan-Nigerian glyphs, then a table, such as the one below, should be seen:<br> {| class="nounderlines" border="0" rules="all" style="border: 1px solid #999; background-color:#FFFFFF;" |- align="center" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Upper case || width="25px" | [[A]] || width="25px" | [[B]] || width="25px" | [[Ɓ]] || width="25px" | [[C]] || width="25px" | [[D]] || width="25px" | [[Ɗ]] || width="25px" | [[E]] || width="25px" | [[Ǝ]] || width="25px" | [[Ẹ]] || width="25px" | [[F]] || width="25px" | [[G]] |- align="center" style="border-bottom: 2px solid #999;" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Lower case || a || b || ɓ || c || d || ɗ || e || ǝ || ẹ || f || g |- align="center" bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Upper case || [[H]] || [[I]] || [[Ị]] || [[J]] || [[K]] || [[Ƙ]] || [[L]] || [[M]] || [[N]] || [[O]] || [[Ọ]] |- align="center" bgcolor="#EFEFEF" style="border-bottom: 2px solid #999;" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Lower case || h || i || ị || j || k || ƙ || l || m || n || o || ọ |- align="center" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Upper case || [[P]] || [[R]] || [[S]] || [[Ṣ]] || [[T]] || [[U]] || [[Ụ]] || [[V]] || [[W]] || [[Y]] || [[Z]] |- align="center" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Lower case || p || r || s || ṣ || t || u || ụ || v || w || y || z |} The [[acute accent|acute]] ( ´ ), [[grave accent|grave]] ( ` ) and [[circumflex]] ( ˆ ) accents are also used to mark High, Low, and Falling tone respectively. Mid tone (in languages which contrast High, Mid, and Low) is left unmarked. == Kibwot == The following typewriter keyboard was produced for the NLC by [[Olivetti]]:<ref>[http://people.bu.edu/manfredi/PanNigerianArchive.pdf Pan-Nigerian Typewriter Design], archived</ref> {| class="wikitable" rules="all" style="clear:both;font-size:95%;line-height:1.4;margin:0.5em auto;background:inherit;color:inherit;border:1px solid #AAA;border-collapse:collapse;font-weight:bold;font-family:serif" |-style="line-height:1px;background:inherit;color:inherit" |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="4" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#AAA;border:1px solid #AAA"|&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA" title="Dead key"|ˆ<br />ˊ |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|"<br />2 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|/<br />3 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|−<br />4 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|₦<br />5 € |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|=<br />6 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|_<br />7 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|ǀ<br />8 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|(<br />9 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|)<br />? |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ɗ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ƙ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="8" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|⌫ <small>Backspace</small> |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="6" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>↹</big> <small>Tab</small> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA" title="Dead key"|ˉ<br />ˋ |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|W<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|E<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|R<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|T<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Y<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|U<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|I<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|O<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|P<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ụ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ị<br />&nbsp; |colspan="6" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA;border-bottom:hidden"|&nbsp; |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="7" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⇫</big> <small>Caps Lock</small> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|A<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|S<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|D<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|F<div style="font-size:smaller;color:#CCC;text-align:center" title="left hand rest position">_</div> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|G<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|H<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|J<div style="font-size:smaller;color:#CCC;text-align:center" title="right hand rest position">_</div> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|K<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|L<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ọ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ẹ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ǝ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="5" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA;border-top:hidden"|<big>↲</big> <small>Enter</small> |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="9" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⇧</big> <small>Shift</small> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Z<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"| Ɓ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|C<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|V<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|B<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|N<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|M<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|;<br />, |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|:<br />. |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ṣ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="12" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⇧</big> <small>Shift</small> |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Ctrl</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⊞</big> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Alt</small> |colspan="25" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA;text-align:center"|<small>Space bar</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Alt Gr</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Fn</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>≡</big> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Ctrl</small> |} On this typewriter keyboard layout the letters Q and X were not mapped as they were not part of the alphabet, and digits 0 or 1 had to be entered as capital letters O and I. Keys in grey (for modern computers) were missing. On modern keyboard for computers, the distinctive digits 0 and 1 are placed on the unshifted positions of keys of first row (like other digits), the letter Q is mapped like on standard QWERTY layouts, but dead keys at start of the first and second row need to be moved to the 102nd key on start of the first row (reducing the width of the left shift key), and to the shifted position of the new key assigned to digit 0 on the first row. In all cases, the Enter key may vary between this L-shaped key on two rows, and the horizontal key on the third row only (moving the key assigned to letter Ǝ to the end of the second row). === Jét a̱bwoi === Some onscreen smartphone keyboards like [[Swiftkey]], [[Touchpal]], [[Multiling]] and African keyboards have full support for Pan-Nigerian alphabets.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://w3techy.com.ng/yoruba-yoruba-keyboard-for-android|title=Yoruba Keyboard For Android|last=Taiwo|first=Joseph|publisher=W3Techy|access-date=2019-04-30}}</ref> ==Bu nwuan== *[[Zwunzwuo-a̱lyem Lilyem Kemerun da̱ A̱ka̱nyiung]] *[[Zwunzwuo-a̱lyem Afrika]] *[[Zwunzwuo-a̱lyem ya̱fang Afrika]] *[[Zwunzwuo-a̱lyem Dinka]] *[[ISO 6438]] *[[Zwunzwuo-a̱lyem Kidee mbwak Lepsius]] *[[Zwunzwuo-a̱lyem Viyetnam]] == Ya̱gyit ma̱ng ya̱fang == <references /> {{Lilyem Naijeriya}} [[Category:Zwunzwuó-a̱lyem Lati̱n]] [[Category:Nvak lyuut Afrika]] [[Category:Lilyem Naijeriya|*]] [[Category:A̱yaatogi̱rafi lilyem ma̱ a̱di̱di̱t]] [[Category:Nkhwom kibwot]] [[Category:Nvak lyuut á̱ ku ghwut ndyo ma̱ a̱lyia̱ 1985]] r6c1gh9ofr7neuqedw9m77iwfodgzvs 16445 16444 2022-08-23T18:43:59Z Kambai Akau 15 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Contains special characters}} '''Zwunzwuo a̱lyem a̱mgba̱m Naijeriya''' ji yet sot [[Zwunzwuo lyuut Lati̱n|zwunzwuo Lati̱n]] 33 ja nang [[A̱ka̱wa̱tyia̱ A̱lyem A̱byin (Naijeriya)|A̱ka̱wa̱tyia̱ A̱lyem A̱byin]] ka ku kpaat ji̱ yet zwunzwuo kidee a̱ni mi̱ cet ndyia̱ 1980 hu. Á̱ fa ji̱ na maai di̱ lyuut a̱mgba̱m [[Lilyem Naijeriya|lilyem Naijeriya hu]] di̱ mi̱n nyian ta̱m ma̱ng zwunzwuo nang á̱ tyei fafaan a̱ni.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Kasali |first1=A. A. |last2=Jimoh |first2=K. O. |last3=Adeagbo |first3=M. A. |last4=Bello |first4=S. A. |date=2021-03-20 |title=Web-Based Text Editing System for Nigerian Major Languages |url=https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v40i2.15 |journal=Nigerian Journal of Technology |volume=40 |issue=2 |pages=292–301 |doi=10.4314/njt.v40i2.15|s2cid=240185001 }}</ref> ==Nkhang== Á̱ lyiat di̱ lilyem ma̱ a̱di̱di̱t vwuon hwa ma̱ a̱byin [[Naijeriya]]. Zwunzwuó lyuut Lati̱n vwuon ji ni̱ tyia̱ dyem di̱ nyian ta̱m ma̱ng a̱yaatapi̱raita. Mi̱ ce ndyia̱ 1980 na A̱cyian A̱lyem A̱byin ka si̱ kyiak kpa̱t byi̱k zwunzwuo-a̱lyem jhyiung ji̱ na yet myim lyuut a̱mgba̱m lilyem a̱byin ka ji̱ ka shai lyuut A̱la̱ra̱ba hu nang á̱ ku jhyi á̱ sak di̱n jen tyok á̱nietcen hu a̱ni, á̱ si̱ ntsa ma̱ng khwom hu nang [[Lyenlilyem|a̱tyulyenlilyem]] wu [[Kay Williamson]] ku jhyi a̱ni ma̱ a̱lyia̱ 1981. Á̱ ku jhyi kyangbwak ga̱lyuut hu tsi̱tsak a̱lyia̱ 1985-86 mbwak Edward Oguejofor ma̱ng Victor Manfredi, di̱ tung mbwak ma̱ng sot NLC ji, mbeang beang lyennkyangta̱m mbwak [[Hermann Zapf]]. == Zwunzwuó == [[Image:Pannigerian.png]]<br> If a Unicode font is installed with the Pan-Nigerian glyphs, then a table, such as the one below, should be seen:<br> {| class="nounderlines" border="0" rules="all" style="border: 1px solid #999; background-color:#FFFFFF;" |- align="center" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Upper case || width="25px" | [[A]] || width="25px" | [[B]] || width="25px" | [[Ɓ]] || width="25px" | [[C]] || width="25px" | [[D]] || width="25px" | [[Ɗ]] || width="25px" | [[E]] || width="25px" | [[Ǝ]] || width="25px" | [[Ẹ]] || width="25px" | [[F]] || width="25px" | [[G]] |- align="center" style="border-bottom: 2px solid #999;" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Lower case || a || b || ɓ || c || d || ɗ || e || ǝ || ẹ || f || g |- align="center" bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Upper case || [[H]] || [[I]] || [[Ị]] || [[J]] || [[K]] || [[Ƙ]] || [[L]] || [[M]] || [[N]] || [[O]] || [[Ọ]] |- align="center" bgcolor="#EFEFEF" style="border-bottom: 2px solid #999;" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Lower case || h || i || ị || j || k || ƙ || l || m || n || o || ọ |- align="center" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Upper case || [[P]] || [[R]] || [[S]] || [[Ṣ]] || [[T]] || [[U]] || [[Ụ]] || [[V]] || [[W]] || [[Y]] || [[Z]] |- align="center" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Lower case || p || r || s || ṣ || t || u || ụ || v || w || y || z |} The [[acute accent|acute]] ( ´ ), [[grave accent|grave]] ( ` ) and [[circumflex]] ( ˆ ) accents are also used to mark High, Low, and Falling tone respectively. Mid tone (in languages which contrast High, Mid, and Low) is left unmarked. == Kibwot == The following typewriter keyboard was produced for the NLC by [[Olivetti]]:<ref>[http://people.bu.edu/manfredi/PanNigerianArchive.pdf Pan-Nigerian Typewriter Design], archived</ref> {| class="wikitable" rules="all" style="clear:both;font-size:95%;line-height:1.4;margin:0.5em auto;background:inherit;color:inherit;border:1px solid #AAA;border-collapse:collapse;font-weight:bold;font-family:serif" |-style="line-height:1px;background:inherit;color:inherit" |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="4" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#AAA;border:1px solid #AAA"|&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA" title="Dead key"|ˆ<br />ˊ |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|"<br />2 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|/<br />3 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|−<br />4 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|₦<br />5 € |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|=<br />6 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|_<br />7 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|ǀ<br />8 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|(<br />9 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|)<br />? |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ɗ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ƙ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="8" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|⌫ <small>Backspace</small> |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="6" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>↹</big> <small>Tab</small> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA" title="Dead key"|ˉ<br />ˋ |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|W<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|E<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|R<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|T<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Y<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|U<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|I<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|O<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|P<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ụ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ị<br />&nbsp; |colspan="6" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA;border-bottom:hidden"|&nbsp; |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="7" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⇫</big> <small>Caps Lock</small> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|A<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|S<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|D<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|F<div style="font-size:smaller;color:#CCC;text-align:center" title="left hand rest position">_</div> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|G<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|H<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|J<div style="font-size:smaller;color:#CCC;text-align:center" title="right hand rest position">_</div> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|K<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|L<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ọ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ẹ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ǝ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="5" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA;border-top:hidden"|<big>↲</big> <small>Enter</small> |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="9" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⇧</big> <small>Shift</small> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Z<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"| Ɓ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|C<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|V<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|B<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|N<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|M<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|;<br />, |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|:<br />. |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ṣ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="12" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⇧</big> <small>Shift</small> |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Ctrl</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⊞</big> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Alt</small> |colspan="25" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA;text-align:center"|<small>Space bar</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Alt Gr</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Fn</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>≡</big> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Ctrl</small> |} On this typewriter keyboard layout the letters Q and X were not mapped as they were not part of the alphabet, and digits 0 or 1 had to be entered as capital letters O and I. Keys in grey (for modern computers) were missing. On modern keyboard for computers, the distinctive digits 0 and 1 are placed on the unshifted positions of keys of first row (like other digits), the letter Q is mapped like on standard QWERTY layouts, but dead keys at start of the first and second row need to be moved to the 102nd key on start of the first row (reducing the width of the left shift key), and to the shifted position of the new key assigned to digit 0 on the first row. In all cases, the Enter key may vary between this L-shaped key on two rows, and the horizontal key on the third row only (moving the key assigned to letter Ǝ to the end of the second row). === Jét a̱bwoi === Some onscreen smartphone keyboards like [[Swiftkey]], [[Touchpal]], [[Multiling]] and African keyboards have full support for Pan-Nigerian alphabets.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://w3techy.com.ng/yoruba-yoruba-keyboard-for-android|title=Yoruba Keyboard For Android|last=Taiwo|first=Joseph|publisher=W3Techy|access-date=2019-04-30}}</ref> ==Bu nwuan== *[[Zwunzwuo-a̱lyem Lilyem Kemerun da̱ A̱ka̱nyiung]] *[[Zwunzwuo-a̱lyem Afrika]] *[[Zwunzwuo-a̱lyem ya̱fang Afrika]] *[[Zwunzwuo-a̱lyem Dinka]] *[[ISO 6438]] *[[Zwunzwuo-a̱lyem Kidee mbwak Lepsius]] *[[Zwunzwuo-a̱lyem Viyetnam]] == Ya̱gyit ma̱ng ya̱fang == <references /> {{Lilyem Naijeriya}} [[Category:Zwunzwuó-a̱lyem Lati̱n]] [[Category:Nvak lyuut Afrika]] [[Category:Lilyem Naijeriya|*]] [[Category:A̱yaatogi̱rafi lilyem ma̱ a̱di̱di̱t]] [[Category:Nkhwom kibwot]] [[Category:Nvak lyuut á̱ ku ghwut ndyo ma̱ a̱lyia̱ 1985]] kro77nijv4xc7dawnddtxhx89853g9c 16446 16445 2022-08-23T18:51:18Z Kambai Akau 15 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {{Contains special characters}} '''Zwunzwuo a̱lyem a̱mgba̱m Naijeriya''' ji yet sot [[Zwunzwuo lyuut Lati̱n|zwunzwuo Lati̱n]] 33 ja nang [[A̱ka̱wa̱tyia̱ A̱lyem A̱byin (Naijeriya)|A̱ka̱wa̱tyia̱ A̱lyem A̱byin]] ka ku kpaat ji̱ yet zwunzwuo kidee a̱ni mi̱ cet ndyia̱ 1980 hu. Á̱ fa ji̱ na maai di̱ lyuut a̱mgba̱m [[Lilyem Naijeriya|lilyem Naijeriya hu]] di̱ mi̱n nyian ta̱m ma̱ng zwunzwuo nang á̱ tyei fafaan a̱ni.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Kasali |first1=A. A. |last2=Jimoh |first2=K. O. |last3=Adeagbo |first3=M. A. |last4=Bello |first4=S. A. |date=2021-03-20 |title=Web-Based Text Editing System for Nigerian Major Languages |url=https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v40i2.15 |journal=Nigerian Journal of Technology |volume=40 |issue=2 |pages=292–301 |doi=10.4314/njt.v40i2.15|s2cid=240185001 }}</ref> ==Nkhang== Á̱ lyiat di̱ lilyem ma̱ a̱di̱di̱t vwuon hwa ma̱ a̱byin [[Naijeriya]]. Zwunzwuó lyuut Lati̱n vwuon ji ni̱ tyia̱ dyem di̱ nyian ta̱m ma̱ng a̱yaatapi̱raita. Mi̱ ce ndyia̱ 1980 na A̱cyian A̱lyem A̱byin ka si̱ kyiak kpa̱t byi̱k zwunzwuo-a̱lyem jhyiung ji̱ na yet myim lyuut a̱mgba̱m lilyem a̱byin ka ji̱ ka shai lyuut A̱la̱ra̱ba hu nang á̱ ku jhyi á̱ sak di̱n jen tyok á̱nietcen hu a̱ni, á̱ si̱ ntsa ma̱ng khwom hu nang [[Lyenlilyem|a̱tyulyenlilyem]] wu [[Kay Williamson]] ku jhyi a̱ni ma̱ a̱lyia̱ 1981. Á̱ ku jhyi kyangbwak ga̱lyuut hu tsi̱tsak a̱lyia̱ 1985-86 mbwak Edward Oguejofor ma̱ng Victor Manfredi, di̱ tung mbwak ma̱ng sot NLC ji, mbeang beang lyennkyangta̱m mbwak [[Hermann Zapf]]. == Zwunzwuó == [[Image:Pannigerian.png]]<br> If a Unicode font is installed with the Pan-Nigerian glyphs, then a table, such as the one below, should be seen:<br> {| class="nounderlines" border="0" rules="all" style="border: 1px solid #999; background-color:#FFFFFF;" |- align="center" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Upper case || width="25px" | [[A]] || width="25px" | [[B]] || width="25px" | [[Ɓ]] || width="25px" | [[C]] || width="25px" | [[D]] || width="25px" | [[Ɗ]] || width="25px" | [[E]] || width="25px" | [[Ǝ]] || width="25px" | [[Ẹ]] || width="25px" | [[F]] || width="25px" | [[G]] |- align="center" style="border-bottom: 2px solid #999;" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Lower case || a || b || ɓ || c || d || ɗ || e || ǝ || ẹ || f || g |- align="center" bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Upper case || [[H]] || [[I]] || [[Ị]] || [[J]] || [[K]] || [[Ƙ]] || [[L]] || [[M]] || [[N]] || [[O]] || [[Ọ]] |- align="center" bgcolor="#EFEFEF" style="border-bottom: 2px solid #999;" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Lower case || h || i || ị || j || k || ƙ || l || m || n || o || ọ |- align="center" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Upper case || [[P]] || [[R]] || [[S]] || [[Ṣ]] || [[T]] || [[U]] || [[Ụ]] || [[V]] || [[W]] || [[Y]] || [[Z]] |- align="center" | bgcolor="#cccccc" align="left" | Lower case || p || r || s || ṣ || t || u || ụ || v || w || y || z |} The [[acute accent|acute]] ( ´ ), [[grave accent|grave]] ( ` ) and [[circumflex]] ( ˆ ) accents are also used to mark High, Low, and Falling tone respectively. Mid tone (in languages which contrast High, Mid, and Low) is left unmarked. == Kibwot == The following typewriter keyboard was produced for the NLC by [[Olivetti]]:<ref>[http://people.bu.edu/manfredi/PanNigerianArchive.pdf Pan-Nigerian Typewriter Design], archived</ref> {| class="wikitable" rules="all" style="clear:both;font-size:95%;line-height:1.4;margin:0.5em auto;background:inherit;color:inherit;border:1px solid #AAA;border-collapse:collapse;font-weight:bold;font-family:serif" |-style="line-height:1px;background:inherit;color:inherit" |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| ||style="border:none;border-top:hidden;padding:0;width:.8em"| |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="4" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#AAA;border:1px solid #AAA"|&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA" title="Dead key"|ˆ<br />ˊ |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|"<br />2 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|/<br />3 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|−<br />4 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|₦<br />5 € |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|=<br />6 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|_<br />7 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|ǀ<br />8 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|(<br />9 |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|)<br />? |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ɗ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ƙ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="8" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|⌫ <small>Backspace</small> |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="6" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>↹</big> <small>Tab</small> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA" title="Dead key"|ˉ<br />ˋ |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|W<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|E<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|R<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|T<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Y<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|U<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|I<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|O<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|P<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ụ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ị<br />&nbsp; |colspan="6" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA;border-bottom:hidden"|&nbsp; |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="7" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⇫</big> <small>Caps Lock</small> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|A<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|S<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|D<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|F<div style="font-size:smaller;color:#CCC;text-align:center" title="left hand rest position">_</div> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|G<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|H<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|J<div style="font-size:smaller;color:#CCC;text-align:center" title="right hand rest position">_</div> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|K<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|L<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ọ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ẹ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ǝ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="5" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA;border-top:hidden"|<big>↲</big> <small>Enter</small> |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="9" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⇧</big> <small>Shift</small> |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Z<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"| Ɓ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|C<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|V<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|B<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|N<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|M<br />&nbsp; |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|;<br />, |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|:<br />. |colspan="4" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|Ṣ<br />&nbsp; |colspan="12" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⇧</big> <small>Shift</small> |-style="height:3.2em" |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Ctrl</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>⊞</big> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Alt</small> |colspan="25" style="background:#F8F8F8;color:#000;border:1px solid #AAA;text-align:center"|<small>Space bar</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Alt Gr</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Fn</small> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<big>≡</big> |colspan="5" style="background:#EEEEEE;color:#CCC;border:1px solid #AAA"|<small>Ctrl</small> |} On this typewriter keyboard layout the letters Q and X were not mapped as they were not part of the alphabet, and digits 0 or 1 had to be entered as capital letters O and I. Keys in grey (for modern computers) were missing. On modern keyboard for computers, the distinctive digits 0 and 1 are placed on the unshifted positions of keys of first row (like other digits), the letter Q is mapped like on standard QWERTY layouts, but dead keys at start of the first and second row need to be moved to the 102nd key on start of the first row (reducing the width of the left shift key), and to the shifted position of the new key assigned to digit 0 on the first row. In all cases, the Enter key may vary between this L-shaped key on two rows, and the horizontal key on the third row only (moving the key assigned to letter Ǝ to the end of the second row). === Jét a̱bwoi === Some onscreen smartphone keyboards like [[Swiftkey]], [[Touchpal]], [[Multiling]] and African keyboards have full support for Pan-Nigerian alphabets.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://w3techy.com.ng/yoruba-yoruba-keyboard-for-android|title=Yoruba Keyboard For Android|last=Taiwo|first=Joseph|publisher=W3Techy|access-date=2019-04-30}}</ref> ==Bu nwuan== *[[Zwunzwuo-a̱lyem Lilyem Kemerun da̱ A̱ka̱nyiung]] *[[Zwunzwuo-a̱lyem Afrika]] *[[Zwunzwuo-a̱lyem ya̱fang Afrika]] *[[Zwunzwuo-a̱lyem Dinka]] *[[ISO 6438]] *[[Zwunzwuo-a̱lyem Kidee mbwak Lepsius]] *[[Zwunzwuo-a̱lyem Viyetnam]] == Ya̱gyit ma̱ng ya̱fang == <references /> {{Lilyem Naijeriya}} [[Category:Zwunzwuó-a̱lyem Lati̱n]] [[Category:Nvak lyuut Afrika]] [[Category:Lilyem Naijeriya|*]] [[Category:A̱yaatogi̱rafi lilyem ma̱ a̱di̱di̱t]] [[Category:Nkhwom kibwot]] [[Category:Nvak lyuut á̱ ku ghwut ndyo ma̱ a̱lyia̱ 1985]] t6g0nr73vidyntoqdjqy2x83gylibsm 14 2348 16440 2022-08-23T17:05:30Z Kambai Akau 15 Created blank page wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 14 2349 16441 2022-08-23T17:06:01Z Kambai Akau 15 Created blank page wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 0 2350 16447 2022-08-23T18:53:46Z Kambai Akau 15 Created page with "'''Latin''' ({{lang|la|lingua Latīna}}, {{IPA-la|ˈlɪŋɡʷa laˈtiːna|}} or {{lang|la|Latīnum}}, {{IPA-la|laˈtiːnʊ̃|}}) is a [[classical language]] belonging to the [[Italic languages|Italic branch]] of the [[Indo-European languages]]. Latin was originally a [[dialect]] spoken in the lower [[Tiber]] area (then known as [[Latium]]) around present-day [[Rome]],<ref>{{cite book |title=A companion to Latin studies |first=John Edwin |last=Sandys |location=Chicago |pu..." wikitext text/x-wiki '''Latin''' ({{lang|la|lingua Latīna}}, {{IPA-la|ˈlɪŋɡʷa laˈtiːna|}} or {{lang|la|Latīnum}}, {{IPA-la|laˈtiːnʊ̃|}}) is a [[classical language]] belonging to the [[Italic languages|Italic branch]] of the [[Indo-European languages]]. Latin was originally a [[dialect]] spoken in the lower [[Tiber]] area (then known as [[Latium]]) around present-day [[Rome]],<ref>{{cite book |title=A companion to Latin studies |first=John Edwin |last=Sandys |location=Chicago |publisher=[[University of Chicago Press]] |year=1910 |pages=811–812}}</ref> but through the power of the [[Roman Republic]] it became the dominant language in the [[Italy (geographical region)|Italian region]] and subsequently throughout the [[Roman Empire]]. Even after the [[Fall of the Western Roman Empire|fall of Western Rome]], Latin remained the [[common language]] of [[international communication]], [[science]], [[scholar]]ship and [[academia]] in [[Europe]] until well into the [[18th century]], when other regional vernaculars (including its own descendants, the [[Romance languages]]) supplanted it in common academic and political usage, and it eventually became a [[dead language]] in the modern linguistic definition. chgmilqxikhy51hy5xqvhbp0w4me5xi 16448 16447 2022-08-23T18:54:49Z Kambai Akau 15 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Latin''' ({{lang|la|lingua Latīna}}, {{IPA-la|ˈlɪŋɡʷa laˈtiːna|}} or {{lang|la|Latīnum}}, {{IPA-la|laˈtiːnʊ̃|}}) is a [[classical language]] belonging to the [[Italic languages|Italic branch]] of the [[Indo-European languages]]. Latin was originally a [[dialect]] spoken in the lower [[Tiber]] area (then known as [[Latium]]) around present-day [[Rome]],<ref>{{cite book |title=A companion to Latin studies |first=John Edwin |last=Sandys |location=Chicago |publisher=[[University of Chicago Press]] |year=1910 |pages=811–812}}</ref> but through the power of the [[Roman Republic]] it became the dominant language in the [[Italy (geographical region)|Italian region]] and subsequently throughout the [[Roman Empire]]. Even after the [[Fall of the Western Roman Empire|fall of Western Rome]], Latin remained the [[common language]] of [[international communication]], [[science]], [[scholar]]ship and [[academia]] in [[Europe]] until well into the [[18th century]], when other regional vernaculars (including its own descendants, the [[Romance languages]]) supplanted it in common academic and political usage, and it eventually became a [[dead language]] in the modern linguistic definition. ==Ya̱fang== <references/> [[Category:Lilyem swanta]] 4d47t8uaew0ig46yokmukv76ko1sre2 16449 16448 2022-08-23T18:55:41Z Kambai Akau 15 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Latin''' ({{lang|la|lingua Latīna}}, {{IPA-la|ˈlɪŋɡʷa laˈtiːna|}} or {{lang|la|Latīnum}}, {{IPA-la|laˈtiːnʊ̃|}}) is a [[classical language]] belonging to the [[Italic languages|Italic branch]] of the [[Indo-European languages]]. Latin was originally a [[dialect]] spoken in the lower [[Tiber]] area (then known as [[Latium]]) around present-day [[Rome]],<ref>{{cite book |title=A companion to Latin studies |first=John Edwin |last=Sandys |location=Chicago |publisher=[[University of Chicago Press]] |year=1910 |pages=811–812}}</ref> but through the power of the [[Roman Republic]] it became the dominant language in the [[Italy (geographical region)|Italian region]] and subsequently throughout the [[Roman Empire]]. Even after the [[Fall of the Western Roman Empire|fall of Western Rome]], Latin remained the [[common language]] of [[international communication]], [[science]], [[scholar]]ship and [[academia]] in [[Europe]] until well into the [[18th century]], when other regional vernaculars (including its own descendants, the [[Romance languages]]) supplanted it in common academic and political usage, and it eventually became a [[dead language]] in the modern linguistic definition. ==Ya̱fang== <references/> [[Category:Lilyem swanta]] [[Sa:Lilyem_Yurop]] [[Sa:Lilyem_Yurop_Jenshyung]] [[Sa:Lilyem_A̱gba̱ndang_Bi̱ri̱ti̱n]] [[Sa:Lilyem Ndo–Yurop]] ip0qws5nu322qo70opuz3xm28qwzw33 16450 16449 2022-08-23T19:01:06Z Kambai Akau 15 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lati̱n''' ({{lang|la|lingua Latīna}}, {{IPA-la|ˈlɪŋɡʷa laˈtiːna|}} ku {{lang|la|Latīnum}}, {{IPA-la|laˈtiːnʊ̃|}}) yet a̱khwukhwop a̱lyem wa a̱ shyia̱ di̱ sa lilyem Italik a̱si̱ lilyem Ndo-Yurop hu nang di̱n tsa hu a̱ ku yet a̱balyem kya a̱ni nang á̱ lyiat di̱ fam a̱tak Tiber hu (á̱ ku ngyei [[Latyum]] di̱n jen a̱ja) kpa̱mkpaan ma̱ng a̱keang [[Rom]] a̱fwun ka a̱ni,<ref>{{cite book |title=A companion to Latin studies |first=John Edwin |last=Sandys |location=Chicago |publisher=[[University of Chicago Press]] |year=1910 |pages=811–812}}</ref> but through the power of the [[Roman Republic]] it became the dominant language in the [[Italy (geographical region)|Italian region]] and subsequently throughout the [[Roman Empire]]. Even after the [[Fall of the Western Roman Empire|fall of Western Rome]], Latin remained the [[common language]] of [[international communication]], [[science]], [[scholar]]ship and [[academia]] in [[Europe]] until well into the [[18th century]], when other regional vernaculars (including its own descendants, the [[Romance languages]]) supplanted it in common academic and political usage, and it eventually became a [[dead language]] in the modern linguistic definition. ==Ya̱fang== <references/> [[Category:Lilyem swanta]] [[Sa:Lilyem_Yurop]] [[Sa:Lilyem_Yurop_Jenshyung]] [[Sa:Lilyem_A̱gba̱ndang_Bi̱ri̱ti̱n]] [[Sa:Lilyem Ndo–Yurop]] b2dbkr918px3u6i6opfjj0rt42zzadv 16451 16450 2022-08-23T19:05:22Z Kambai Akau 15 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lati̱n''' ({{lang|la|lingua Latīna}}, {{IPA-la|ˈlɪŋɡʷa laˈtiːna|}} ku {{lang|la|Latīnum}}, {{IPA-la|laˈtiːnʊ̃|}}) yet a̱khwukhwop a̱lyem wa a̱ shyia̱ di̱ sa lilyem Italik a̱si̱ lilyem Ndo-Yurop hu nang di̱n tsa hu a̱ ku yet a̱balyem kya a̱ni nang á̱ lyiat di̱ fam a̱tak Tiber hu (á̱ ku ngyei [[Latyum]] di̱n jen a̱ja) kpa̱mkpaan ma̱ng a̱keang [[Rom]] a̱fwun ka a̱ni,<ref>{{cite book |title=A companion to Latin studies |first=John Edwin |last=Sandys |location=Chicago |publisher=[[University of Chicago Press]] |year=1910 |pages=811–812}}</ref> a̱wot di̱n vak Ri̱pobi̱lik Rom wu ka̱ si̱ bai yet a̱lyem ka nang á̱ ku lyiat nka a̱ swak di̱ fam [[Italiya]] hu. it became the dominant language in the [[Italy (geographical region)|Italian region]] and subsequently throughout the [[Roman Empire]]. Even after the [[Fall of the Western Roman Empire|fall of Western Rome]], Latin remained the [[common language]] of [[international communication]], [[science]], [[scholar]]ship and [[academia]] in [[Europe]] until well into the [[18th century]], when other regional vernaculars (including its own descendants, the [[Romance languages]]) supplanted it in common academic and political usage, and it eventually became a [[dead language]] in the modern linguistic definition. ==Ya̱fang== <references/> [[Category:Lilyem swanta]] [[Sa:Lilyem_Yurop]] [[Sa:Lilyem_Yurop_Jenshyung]] [[Sa:Lilyem_A̱gba̱ndang_Bi̱ri̱ti̱n]] [[Sa:Lilyem Ndo–Yurop]] l0tsx895fzu13xz73dvxeg4lctyhli7 16452 16451 2022-08-24T07:08:44Z Kambai Akau 15 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lati̱n''' ({{lang|la|lingua Latīna}}, {{IPA-la|ˈlɪŋɡʷa laˈtiːna|}} ku {{lang|la|Latīnum}}, {{IPA-la|laˈtiːnʊ̃|}}) yet a̱khwukhwop a̱lyem wa a̱ shyia̱ di̱ sa lilyem Italik a̱si̱ lilyem Ndo-Yurop hu nang di̱n tsa hu a̱ ku yet a̱balyem kya a̱ni nang á̱ lyiat di̱ fam a̱tak Tiber hu (á̱ ku ngyei [[Latyum]] di̱n jen a̱ja) kpa̱mkpaan ma̱ng a̱keang [[Rom]] a̱fwun ka a̱ni,<ref>{{cite book |title=A companion to Latin studies |first=John Edwin |last=Sandys |location=Chicago |publisher=[[University of Chicago Press]] |year=1910 |pages=811–812}}</ref> a̱wot di̱n vak Ri̱pobi̱lik Rom wu ka̱ si̱ bai yet a̱lyem ka nang á̱ ku lyiat nka a̱ swak di̱ fam [[Italiya]] hu a̱wot ma̱ng sweap njen, a̱mgba̱m [[A̱byintyokshan Rom]] ka. Ku ma̱ng [[Kwa̱i A̱byintyokshan Rom Jenshyung hu|kwa̱i Rom Jenshyung]], Lati̱̇n si̱ yong di̱ yet [[a̱lyem tai]] [[a̱lyiat mi̱ bibyin]], [[sains]], [[myiam]] ma̱ng [[a̱ka̱safang]] mi̱ [[Yurop]] ba̱ng si̱ tat [[sa̱ncuri 18]] ji, nang kuzang other regional vernaculars (including its own descendants, the [[Romance languages]]) supplanted it in common academic and political usage, and it eventually became a [[dead language]] in the modern linguistic definition. ==Ya̱fang== <references/> [[Category:Lilyem swanta]] [[Sa:Lilyem_Yurop]] [[Sa:Lilyem_Yurop_Jenshyung]] [[Sa:Lilyem_A̱gba̱ndang_Bi̱ri̱ti̱n]] [[Sa:Lilyem Ndo–Yurop]] 6jk1bqmzr368vux0xfzt4urwea7129m 16453 16452 2022-08-24T07:13:57Z Kambai Akau 15 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lati̱n''' ({{lang|la|lingua Latīna}}, {{IPA-la|ˈlɪŋɡʷa laˈtiːna|}} ku {{lang|la|Latīnum}}, {{IPA-la|laˈtiːnʊ̃|}}) yet a̱khwukhwop a̱lyem wa a̱ shyia̱ di̱ sa lilyem Italik a̱si̱ lilyem Ndo-Yurop hu nang di̱n tsa hu a̱ ku yet a̱balyem kya a̱ni nang á̱ lyiat di̱ fam a̱tak Tiber hu (á̱ ku ngyei [[Latyum]] di̱n jen a̱ja) kpa̱mkpaan ma̱ng a̱keang [[Rom]] a̱fwun ka a̱ni,<ref>{{cite book |title=A companion to Latin studies |first=John Edwin |last=Sandys |location=Chicago |publisher=[[University of Chicago Press]] |year=1910 |pages=811–812}}</ref> a̱wot di̱n vak Ri̱pobi̱lik Rom wu ka̱ si̱ bai yet a̱lyem ka nang á̱ ku lyiat nka a̱ swak di̱ fam [[Italiya]] hu a̱wot ma̱ng sweap njen, a̱mgba̱m [[A̱byintyokshan Rom]] ka. Ku ma̱ng [[Kwa̱i A̱byintyokshan Rom Jenshyung hu|kwa̱i Rom Jenshyung]], Lati̱̇n si̱ yong di̱ yet [[a̱lyem tai]] [[a̱lyiat mi̱ bibyin]], [[sains]], [[myiam]] ma̱ng [[a̱ka̱safang]] mi̱ [[Yurop]] ba̱ng si̱ tat [[sa̱ncuri 18]] ji, nang kuzang lilyem mbyin ghyang di̱ nfam (bi̱ri̱ng ma̱ng a̱ka̱mbwon nji na, [[Lilyem Romant]] hu) supplanted it in common academic and political usage, and it eventually became a [[dead language]] in the modern linguistic definition. ==Ya̱fang== <references/> [[Category:Lilyem swanta]] [[Sa:Lilyem_Yurop]] [[Sa:Lilyem_Yurop_Jenshyung]] [[Sa:Lilyem_A̱gba̱ndang_Bi̱ri̱ti̱n]] [[Sa:Lilyem Ndo–Yurop]] 915wamy2g2z0w8qib1omom2f5vavd15