Wîkîferheng kuwiktionary https://ku.wiktionary.org/wiki/Destp%C3%AAk MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.1 case-sensitive Medya Taybet Gotûbêj Bikarhêner Gotûbêja bikarhêner Wîkîferheng Gotûbêja Wîkîferhengê Wêne Gotûbêja wêneyî MediaWiki Gotûbêja MediaWiki Şablon Gotûbêja şablonê Alîkarî Gotûbêja alîkariyê Kategorî Gotûbêja kategoriyê Pêvek Gotûbêja pêvekê Nimînok Gotûbêja nimînokê Portal Gotûbêja portalê Tewandin Gotûbêja tewandinê Jinûvesazî Gotûbêja jinûvesaziyê TimedText TimedText talk Modul Gotûbêja modulê Event Event talk xebat 0 3948 6234275 6017287 2026-05-08T10:33:13Z ~2026-27926-02 14920 Werger: +swêdî : [[jobb]]; +swêdî : [[arbete]] (bi alîkarî) 6234275 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{ku-IPA}} * {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Key Mîrza-xebat.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}} * {{ku-kîte}} === Navdêr === {{ku-tewîn-nav|xebat|mê}} {{navdêr|ku|z=m}} # [[xizmet|Xizmet]], [[kiriyar]], tişta/ê tê kirinê, tişta/ê mirov dike. #: {{mk|ku|'''Xebata''' wî hêja ye.}} #* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Adat û Rusûmatnameyê Ekradiyye, '''xebateke''' civaknasî, etnografî û folklorî ye. Ji rabûn rûniştinê heta awayên zewacê, ji baweriyên gelêrî heta navên jin û mêrên kurdan, ji taybetmendiyên cilûbergên kurdewarî heta xwarin û vexwarinan, der barê çand û civaka kurdan de agahî hatine dayîn.|[[w:Beşek Ji Folklora Kurdî: Çîrok|Beşek Ji Folklora Kurdî: Çîrok]]'', [[w:Mehmet Bozkoyun|Mehmet Bozkoyun]], Bingöl Üniversitesi Yaşayan Diller Enstitüsü Dergisi}} ==== Bi alfabeyên din ==== * {{ku-ar|خه‌بات}} * {{ku-kr|хәбат}} ==== Hevmane ==== * [[têkoşîn]], [[ked]], [[kar]], [[çalakî]], [[kiryar]] ==== Jê ==== {{kol3|ku|cure=Jê |xebatkar |xebatkarî |xebatker |xebatkerî |xebitandin |xebitandî |xebitîn |xebitok |xebat kirin<q:lêker> |xebatkirin<q:navdêr> |xebatberdan<q:navdêr> }} ==== Etîmolojî ==== Ji {{ji|arc|ku|tr=xebat}}, [[hevreh]]a {{hv|akk||tr=xebatu|w=nêçîr kirin, talan kirin, standin}}. ==== Anagram ==== * {{anagram|ku|a=abetx|tebax}} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Arbeit}} {{m}}, {{W+|de|Job}} {{n}}, {{W+|de|Tätigkeit}} {{m}}, {{W+|de|Werk}} * {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|عمل}}, {{W+|ar|نشاط}}, {{W-|ar|نضال}}, {{W-|ar|جهد}}, {{W-|ar|كدح}}, {{W-|ar|شغل}}, {{W+|ar|جهاد|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|ﺷﻐل|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|كفاح|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|السأو|guman=erê}} * {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|عمل}}, {{W+|fa|کار}}, {{W+|fa|کردار}} * {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|action}}, {{W+|en|activity}}, {{W+|en|doings}}, {{W+|en|exertion}}, {{W+|en|function}}, {{W+|en|labor}}, {{W+|en|labour}}, {{W+|en|work}}, {{W+|en|strife|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|operation|guman=erê}} * {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|jobb}}, {{W+|sv|arbete}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|aksiyon}}, {{W+|tr|cereyan}}, {{W+|tr|efor}}, {{W+|tr|emek}}, {{W+|tr|emel}}, {{W+|tr|erk}}, {{W+|tr|faaliyet}}, {{W+|tr|fonksiyon}}, {{W+|tr|himmet}}, {{W+|tr|iltimas}}, {{W+|tr|iş}}, {{W+|tr|kar}}, {{W+|tr|mesai}}, {{W+|tr|operasyon}}, {{W+|tr|çalışma}}, {{W+|tr|çabalama}} {{werger-bin}} c41hly6pgr0y2oj5asjhvwwvdtdihec her 0 6713 6234282 6114361 2026-05-08T11:55:57Z ~2026-27761-30 14922 Werger: +swêdî : [[alla]] (bi alîkarî) 6234282 wikitext text/x-wiki {{bnr-h|hêr}} == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{ku-IPA}} * {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163_(kmr)-Key Mîrza-her.wav|Deng|Wan}} * {{ku-kîte}} === Cînav === {{cînav|ku}} # [[hemû]], [[giş]], [[tev]], [[hemû]], [[gişt]], [[sercem]], [[çi]] be, [[kîj]] be #: ''her roj'' (hemû rojan; çi roj be, kîj roj be) <br>''her kes'' (hemû kes; çi kes be, kîj kes be) ==== Bi alfabeyên din ==== * {{ku-ar|هەر}} * {{ku-kr|һәр}} ==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ==== * {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Feqiyê Teyran}}|jêgirtin=Baxê ku baxvan bête '''her'''</br>Erdek heye ew tê oebî}} ==== Bide ber ==== * [[hemû]] * [[hev]] * [[hê]] ==== Etîmolojî ==== * {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}}: *'''solwos'''- ("her, tam") * {{ji|ira-pro||-}}: *'''haruo'''- ("her, tam") ::{{ae}}: '''haruva'''- ("her") ::{{peo}}: '''haurva'''- ("her") ::{{xpr}}: '''hrw''' ("her") ::{{pal}}: '''harw''' ("her") ::{{fa}}: '''har''' ("her") ::{{os}}: '''ali''' ("her") … {{ir}} ::{{kmr}}: '''her''' ("her") ::{{ckb}}: '''her''' ("her") ::{{hac}}: '''her''' ("her") ... ::{{zza}}: '''her''' ("her") :[[ermenî|ermeniya kevn]]: '''ołʤ''' ("hemû, tam, sax") :{{sa}}: '''sárva'''- ("her, tam") :{{el}}: '''holos''' ("her") :{{la}}: '''salvus''' ("tam") ... <font style="font-size:10px">'''Çavkanî:''' [[Şablon:Horn|Horn p.244]], [[Şablon:Watkins|Watkins p.81]], [[Şablon:MacKenzie|MacKenzie P.97]], [[Şablon:Lubotsky|Lubotsky]]</font> | <font style="font-size:10px">'''Pokorny:''' 979</font><br> ==== Jê ==== {{stûn| * [[hercar]] * [[herder]] * [[here]] * [[herî]] * [[herkes]] * [[herdu]] * [[herro]] * [[herroj]] }} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser|li pêş navdêran}} * {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|elke}} * {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|cilido}} * {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|jeder}} *: {{Z|pdc}}: {{W-|pdc|jeder}} * {{Z|ast}}: {{W+|ast|cada}} * {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|hər}} * {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|һәр}} * {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|ко́жны}} * {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|প্রতি}}, {{W+|bn|হর}}, {{W+|bn|কুল}}, {{W+|bn|তামাম}} * {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|все́ки}} * {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|တိုင်း}} * {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|дерриг}} * {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|každý}} * {{Z|zh}}: *: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|每|tr=mui5}} *: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|每|tr=měi}}, {{W+|cmn|各|tr=gè}} *: {{Z|nan}}: {{W+|nan|逐|tr=ta̍k}}, {{W+|nan|每|tr=múi}} * {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|hver}} * {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|setiap}} * {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|كُلّ}} * {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|ամեն}} * {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|ĉiu}} * {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|kõik}} * {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|هر|tr=har}} * {{Z|fo}}: {{W+|fo|hvør}} * {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|jokainen}}, {{W+|fi|joka}}, {{W-|fi|välein}} * {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|tout}}, {{W+|fr|chaque}} * {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|a h-uile}} * {{Z|gl}}: {{W-|gl|toda|m}}, {{W+|gl|todo|n}} * {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|ყველა}}, {{W-|ka|ყოველი}} * {{Z|gn}}: {{W-|gn|mayma}} * {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|tout}}, {{W-|ht|chak}} * {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|हर}} * {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|elk}}, {{W+|nl|ieder}} * {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|כל|tr=kol}} * {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|omna}} * {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|ǣlċ}} * {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|every}} * {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|joka}}, {{W-|izh|ikä}} * {{Z|inh}}: {{W-|inh|дерриг}} * {{Z|ia}}: {{W-|ia|cata}} * {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|gach}}, {{W-|ga|gach uile}} * {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|ogni}} * {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|sérhver}}, {{W+|is|hver}} * {{Z|ja}}: {{W-|ja|凡ゆる|tr=[[あらゆる]], arayuru}}, {{W+|ja|全て|cuda=全ての|tr=[[すべて]]の, subete-no}}, {{W+|ja|其々|tr=[[それぞれ]], sorezore}}, {{W+|ja|各々|tr=[[おのおの]], onoono}}, {{W+|ja|毎|cuda=…毎に|tr=…goto-ni}}, {{W+|ja|毎|tr=まい-, mai-}}, {{W+|ja|各|tr=かく, kaku}} * {{Z|kn}}: {{W+|kn|ಪ್ರತಿ}} * {{Z|kea}}: {{W-|kea|túdu}} * {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|cada}} * {{Z|qu}}: {{W+|qu|tukuy}} * {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|ар}} * {{Z|si}}: {{W+|si|හැම}} * {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|각}}, {{W+|ko|모든}}, {{W+|ko|매|cuda=매-}}, {{W+|ko|각}} * {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|quisque}}, {{W+|la|omnis}} * {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|katrs}} * {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ທຸກ}}, {{W-|lo|ທຸກໆ}} * {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|kiekvienas}} * {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|секој}} * {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|ഓരോ}} * {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|setiap}}, {{W-|ms|tiap-tiap}} * {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|kull}} * {{Z|mh}}: {{W-|mh|wōtōm}} * {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|minden}} * {{Z|mn}}: {{W+|mn|бүр}} * {{Z|wlc}}: {{W-|wlc|kila}} * {{Z|no}}: *: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|hver}} *: {{Z|nn}}: {{W+|nn|kvar}} * {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|har}} * {{Z|ps}}: {{W-|ps|هر|tr=har}} * {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|każdy}} * {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|cada}}, {{W+|pt|todo|n}}, {{W+|pt|toda|m}} * {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|әр}}, {{W-|kk|әрбір}}, {{W-|kk|әркім}} * {{Z|rom}}: {{W-|rom|sako|n}}, {{W-|rom|saki|m}}, {{W-|rom|sake|p}} * {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|fiecare}} * {{Z|ru}}: {{W-|ru|ка́ждый}}, {{W-|ru|вся́кий}} * {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|सर्व|tr=sárva}}, {{W+|sa|विश्व}} * {{Z|sh}}: *: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|сва̏кӣ}} *: Latînî: {{W-|sh|svȁkī}} * {{Z|sco}}: {{W-|sco|ivery}} * {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|každý}} * {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|vsak}} * Sorbî: *: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|kuždy}} * {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|cada}} * {{Z|sw}}: {{W-|sw|kila}} * {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|varje}}, {{W+|sv|var}}, {{W+|sv|alla}} * {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|ҳар}} * {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|ஒவ்வொரு}} * {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ทุก}} * {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|ప్రతి}} * {{Z|tt}}: {{W-|tt|һәр}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|her}} * {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|her}} * {{Z|txb}}: {{W-|txb|po}} * {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|ہر|tr=har}} * {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|ко́жний}} * {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|mỗi}}, {{W+|vi|các}}, {{W+|vi|từng}} * {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|alik}} * {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|pob}} * {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|រាល់|tr=roal}} * {{Z|yai}}: {{W-|yai|ҳар}} * {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|יעדער}} * {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|κάθε}} *: Kevn: {{W-|grc|ἕκαστος}} {{werger-bin}} :{{werger çavkanî|en|every|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75570693}} === Hoker === {{hoker|ku}} # [[dîsa jî]], [[hê jî]], [[hîna jî]], [[niha]] jî, [[hingê]] jî: #: ''Bûbû 30-salî lê her diçû xwendingehê!'' #: ''Çend kes ji me bên kuştin jî, em dê her xebata xwe bidomînin.'' # [[îlleh]], [[çawa be jî]] #: ''Ez dê her biçim.'' {{werger-bnr|dîsa jî}} {{werger-bnr|îlleh}} == {{ziman|zza}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{IPA|zza|[ˈhɛr]}} * {{deng|zza|LL-Q10199 (zza)-Mirzali-her.wav|Deng}} === Navdêr === [[Wêne:Kulan.jpg|thumb|her]] {{navdêr|zza|z=n|m=here}} # {{f|zza|guhandar}} {{g|ku|ker|id=dewarek}} (dewar) #* {{bêmînak|zza}} # {{f|zza|mecazî}} {{g|ku|ker|id=bêaqil}}, [[bêaqil]] #* {{bêmînak|zza}} ==== Têkildar ==== * [[selkem]], cehşê ku gihiştî ber barî, [[berbar]] {{bend}} === Cînav === {{cînav|zza}} # {{g|ku|her}}, [[hemû]] #* {{bêmînak|zza}} == {{ziman|goh}} == === Hoker === {{hoker|goh|hêr}} # {{g|ku|li vir}}, {{g|ku|li vê derê}} #* {{bêmînak|goh}} === Çavkanî === {{rûpela wergerê|goh|li vir}} == {{ziman|gmh}} == === Hoker === {{hoker|gmh|hër}} # {{g|ku|vir}}, {{g|ku|vê derê}} #* {{bêmînak|gmh}} === Çavkanî === {{rûpela wergerê|gmh|vir}} == {{ziman|de}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{deng|de|De-her.ogg|Deng}} === Hoker === {{hoker|de}} # [[berê]], berî niha #* {{bêmînak|de}} # [[bi vir ve]], bi vê derê ve #* {{bêmînak|de}} == {{ziman|rup}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{deng|rup|LL-Q29316 (rup)-Marija Pendevska (HristinaNastevska)-her.wav|Deng|dever=}} === Navdêr === {{navdêr|rup|z=nt}} # {{f|rup|element}} {{g|ku|hesin}} #* {{bêmînak|rup}} === Çavkanî === {{rûpela wergerê|rup|hesin}} == {{ziman|da}} == === Hoker === {{hoker|da}} # {{g|ku|li vir}}, {{g|ku|li vê derê}} #* {{bêmînak|da}} === Çavkanî === {{rûpela wergerê|da|li vir}} == {{ziman|fo}} == === Hoker === {{hoker|fo}} # {{g|ku|li vir}}, {{g|ku|li vê derê}} #* {{bêmînak|fo}} === Çavkanî === {{rûpela wergerê|fo|li vir}} == {{ziman|ang}} == === Hoker === {{hoker|ang|hēr}} # {{g|ku|li vir}}, {{g|ku|li vê derê}} #* {{bêmînak|ang}} === Çavkanî === {{rûpela wergerê|ang|li vir}} == {{ziman|en}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{deng|en|en-us-her.ogg|dever=DYA}} * {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Nattes à chat-her.wav|Deng|dever=}} * {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-her.wav|Deng|dever=London, QY}} * {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-She animates-her.wav|Deng|dever=California, DYA}} * {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-her.wav|Deng|dever=Teksas, DYA}} === Cînav === {{cînav|en}} # ya / yê [[wê]] #: {{mk|en|'''her''' brother|birayê wê|rêz=1}} #: {{mk|en|'''her''' friends|hevalên wê|rêz=1}} === Rengdêr === {{rengdêr|en}} # {{bêwate}} #* {{bêmînak|en}} == {{ziman|no}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{deng|no|LL-Q9043 (nor)-Telaneo-her.wav|Deng|dever=Bærum, Norwêc}} === Hoker === {{hoker|no}} # {{g|ku|li vir}}, {{g|ku|li vê derê}} #* {{bêmînak|no}} === Çavkanî === {{rûpela wergerê|no|li vir}} == {{ziman|rm}} == === Hoker === {{hoker|rm}} # [[duh#ku|duh]], [[duhî#ku|duhî]] #* {{bêmînak|rm}} == {{ziman|tr}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{deng|tr|LL-Q256 (tur)-Veravi95-her.wav|Deng|dever=}} === Cînav === {{cînav|tr}} # {{g|ku|her}} #: {{mk|en|'''Her''' gün bize gel.|Her roj were mala me.|rêz=1}} == {{ziman|tk}} == === Cînav === {{cînav|tk}} # {{g|ku|her}} (hemû) #* {{bêmînak|tk}} === Çavkanî === {{rûpela wergerê|tk|her}} h9gafpyfp9mvhgw5ig32siawb8v84nq herîn 0 6884 6234239 6124029 2026-05-08T02:45:41Z Ghybu 1393 /* Lêker */ 6234239 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-herîn.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}} * {{ku-kîte}} === Lêker === {{ku-tewîn-lk-niha|herîn|form=negerguhêz|niha=her}} {{lêker|ku|c=x-ngh}}, {{r-ya req}} # [[çûn]], [[bi rê ketin]], [[dûr ketin]] #: {{mk|ku|Zû '''herin'''!}} #: {{mk|ku|Ger em niha '''herin''', ew dê negihin me.}} #: {{mk|ku|Divê em sibê zû '''herin'''.}} #: {{mk|ku|Ew kengî '''d(ih)ere'''?}} #: {{mk|ku|Ez '''terim'''.}} #: {{hevmane|ku|rewtin}} # {{f|ku|devokî}} [[birin]] #: {{mk|ku|Hemin ku tu diçî, viya jî '''bihere''' bi xwe re.'' (Viya jî bibe bi xwe re) ==== Herwiha ==== * {{g|ku|herrîn}} ==== Tewîn ==== * [-her-] * [-er-] ==== Etîmolojî ==== Ji pêş-hindû-ewropî [[*h₁er-]] (1. erd, 2. livîn, çûyîn, herrîn) pêş-îranî [[*Her-]] (herrîn, çûn)<ref>(Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; Leiden, Boston: Brill, pages 163-5)</ref>, bi [[metatez|metatezê]] hevrreha farisî {{g|fa|رسیدن}}(resîden) û dibe ku kurmancî [[rizîn|rrizîn]] jî, hevrreha [[zazakî]] {{g|zza|herr|w=erd}}. Lê tenê di [[kurmancî|kurmanciya jorîn/badînî]] de heye û zimanên din ên kurdîkî de peyda nabe (heta [[mijar]]a [[henek]]ê ye jî, binêre [[here-were]]) lewma bide ber ermeniya kevn [[հեռ-]] • (heṙ-: [[dûr]]), ermeniya niha [[հեռու]] ‎(heṙu: [[dûr]]). Heke ji vê rehê bibe; hevreha ingilîzî [[earth]], elmanî [[Erd]], holendî [[aarde]], norwêcî, swêdî, danmarkî [[jord]]. Bi devokî carinan bi wateya ''birin'' bi kar tê, dibe ku wateya resen ew bibe û paşê guherîbe. ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|gehen}} * {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|تأمم|guman=erê}} * {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|رفتن}} * {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|partir}}, {{W|fr|aller}}, {{W|fr|s’en aller}} * {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|go}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|gitmek}} {{werger-bin}} === Formeke lêkerê === {{lêker|ku|form=erê}} # (ji "herîn") ''Binêre'': '''[[herîn]]'''. === Navdêr === {{ku-tewîn-nav|herîn|mê}} {{navdêr|ku|z=m}} # [[çûn|Çûn]], [[birêketin]], [[dûrketin]]. #* {{jêder-malper|ku|jêgirtin=Ev kûrahiya ji ber helîna cemedê û '''herîn'''a avê bêhtir eleqeya min biribû ser xwe.|nivîskar=Eric Guth|sernav=Gereke Nûwaze Bo Çiyayên Sîpan ên Alaskayê|url=http://www.parzemin.com/gereke-nuwaze-bo-ciyayen-sipan-en-alaskaye/|arşîv=https://web.archive.org/web/20230331093629/http://www.parzemin.com/gereke-nuwaze-bo-ciyayen-sipan-en-alaskaye/|dîrok=2015-10-16}} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|go}}, ([[act]] [[of]]) {{W|en|going}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|gitme}} {{werger-bin}} {{clr}} === Rengdêr === {{rengdêr|ku}} # ji heriyê {{bnr2|herî}} (1) 31ukzm3w094b7mcvcrd5livelqnbdfk 6234240 6234239 2026-05-08T02:46:14Z Ghybu 1393 /* Lêker */ 6234240 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-herîn.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}} * {{ku-kîte}} === Lêker === {{ku-tewîn-lk-niha|herîn|form=negerguhêz|niha=her}} {{lêker|ku|c=x-ngh}}, {{r-ya req}} # [[çûn]], [[bi rê ketin]], [[dûr ketin]] #: {{mk|ku|Zû '''herin'''!}} #: {{mk|ku|Ger em niha '''herin''', ew dê negihin me.}} #: {{mk|ku|Divê em sibê zû '''herin'''.}} #: {{mk|ku|Ew kengî '''d(ih)ere'''?}} #: {{mk|ku|Ez '''terim'''.}} #: {{hevmane|ku|rewtin}} # {{f|ku|devokî}} [[birin]] #: {{mk|ku|Hemin ku tu diçî, viya jî '''bihere''' bi xwe re.|Viya jî bibe bi xwe re|rêz=1}} ==== Herwiha ==== * {{g|ku|herrîn}} ==== Tewîn ==== * [-her-] * [-er-] ==== Etîmolojî ==== Ji pêş-hindû-ewropî [[*h₁er-]] (1. erd, 2. livîn, çûyîn, herrîn) pêş-îranî [[*Her-]] (herrîn, çûn)<ref>(Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; Leiden, Boston: Brill, pages 163-5)</ref>, bi [[metatez|metatezê]] hevrreha farisî {{g|fa|رسیدن}}(resîden) û dibe ku kurmancî [[rizîn|rrizîn]] jî, hevrreha [[zazakî]] {{g|zza|herr|w=erd}}. Lê tenê di [[kurmancî|kurmanciya jorîn/badînî]] de heye û zimanên din ên kurdîkî de peyda nabe (heta [[mijar]]a [[henek]]ê ye jî, binêre [[here-were]]) lewma bide ber ermeniya kevn [[հեռ-]] • (heṙ-: [[dûr]]), ermeniya niha [[հեռու]] ‎(heṙu: [[dûr]]). Heke ji vê rehê bibe; hevreha ingilîzî [[earth]], elmanî [[Erd]], holendî [[aarde]], norwêcî, swêdî, danmarkî [[jord]]. Bi devokî carinan bi wateya ''birin'' bi kar tê, dibe ku wateya resen ew bibe û paşê guherîbe. ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|gehen}} * {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|تأمم|guman=erê}} * {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|رفتن}} * {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|partir}}, {{W|fr|aller}}, {{W|fr|s’en aller}} * {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|go}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|gitmek}} {{werger-bin}} === Formeke lêkerê === {{lêker|ku|form=erê}} # (ji "herîn") ''Binêre'': '''[[herîn]]'''. === Navdêr === {{ku-tewîn-nav|herîn|mê}} {{navdêr|ku|z=m}} # [[çûn|Çûn]], [[birêketin]], [[dûrketin]]. #* {{jêder-malper|ku|jêgirtin=Ev kûrahiya ji ber helîna cemedê û '''herîn'''a avê bêhtir eleqeya min biribû ser xwe.|nivîskar=Eric Guth|sernav=Gereke Nûwaze Bo Çiyayên Sîpan ên Alaskayê|url=http://www.parzemin.com/gereke-nuwaze-bo-ciyayen-sipan-en-alaskaye/|arşîv=https://web.archive.org/web/20230331093629/http://www.parzemin.com/gereke-nuwaze-bo-ciyayen-sipan-en-alaskaye/|dîrok=2015-10-16}} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|go}}, ([[act]] [[of]]) {{W|en|going}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|gitme}} {{werger-bin}} {{clr}} === Rengdêr === {{rengdêr|ku}} # ji heriyê {{bnr2|herî}} (1) aqcskecu3w06muxjct1b9v1kb5ybzho 6234241 6234240 2026-05-08T02:48:16Z Ghybu 1393 6234241 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-herîn.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}} * {{ku-kîte}} === Lêker === {{ku-tewîn-lk-niha|herîn|form=negerguhêz|niha=her}} {{lêker|ku|c=x-ngh}}, {{r-ya req}} # [[çûn]], [[bi rê ketin]], [[dûr ketin]] #: {{mk|ku|Zû '''herin'''!}} #: {{mk|ku|Ger em niha '''herin''', ew dê negihin me.}} #: {{mk|ku|Divê em sibê zû '''herin'''.}} #: {{mk|ku|Ew kengî '''d(ih)ere'''?}} #: {{mk|ku|Ez '''terim'''.}} #: {{hevmane|ku|rewtin}} # {{f|ku|devokî}} [[birin]] #: {{mk|ku|Hemin ku tu diçî, viya jî '''bihere''' bi xwe re.|Viya jî bibe bi xwe re|rêz=1}} ==== Herwiha ==== * {{g|ku|herrîn}} ==== Tewîn ==== * [-her-] * [-er-] ==== Etîmolojî ==== Ji pêş-hindû-ewropî [[*h₁er-]] (1. erd, 2. livîn, çûyîn, herrîn) pêş-îranî [[*Her-]] (herrîn, çûn)<ref>(Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; Leiden, Boston: Brill, pages 163-5)</ref>, bi [[metatez|metatezê]] hevrreha farisî {{g|fa|رسیدن}}(resîden) û dibe ku kurmancî [[rizîn|rrizîn]] jî, hevrreha [[zazakî]] {{g|zza|herr|w=erd}}. Lê tenê di [[kurmancî|kurmanciya jorîn/badînî]] de heye û zimanên din ên kurdîkî de peyda nabe (heta [[mijar]]a [[henek]]ê ye jî, binêre [[here-were]]) lewma bide ber ermeniya kevn [[հեռ-]] • (heṙ-: [[dûr]]), ermeniya niha [[հեռու]] ‎(heṙu: [[dûr]]). Heke ji vê rehê bibe; hevreha ingilîzî [[earth]], elmanî [[Erd]], holendî [[aarde]], norwêcî, swêdî, danmarkî [[jord]]. Bi devokî carinan bi wateya ''birin'' bi kar tê, dibe ku wateya resen ew bibe û paşê guherîbe. ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|gehen}} * {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|تأمم|guman=erê}} * {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|رفتن}} * {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|partir}}, {{W|fr|aller}}, {{W|fr|s’en aller}} * {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|go}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|gitmek}} {{werger-bin}} === Navdêr === {{ku-tewîn-nav|herîn|mê}} {{navdêr|ku|z=m}} # [[çûn|Çûn]], [[birêketin]], [[dûrketin]]. #* {{jêder-malper|ku|jêgirtin=Ev kûrahiya ji ber helîna cemedê û '''herîn'''a avê bêhtir eleqeya min biribû ser xwe.|nivîskar=Eric Guth|sernav=Gereke Nûwaze Bo Çiyayên Sîpan ên Alaskayê|url=http://www.parzemin.com/gereke-nuwaze-bo-ciyayen-sipan-en-alaskaye/|arşîv=https://web.archive.org/web/20230331093629/http://www.parzemin.com/gereke-nuwaze-bo-ciyayen-sipan-en-alaskaye/|dîrok=2015-10-16}} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|go}}, ([[act]] [[of]]) {{W|en|going}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|gitme}} {{werger-bin}} {{clr}} === Rengdêr === {{rengdêr|ku}} # Ji heriyê; binêre {{g|ku|herî}} (1) === Formeke lêkerê === {{lêker|ku|form=erê}} # (ji "herîn") ''Binêre'': '''[[herîn]]'''. 7y1h9ruwp8tg4ds7yckcvdupnj4swms 6234242 6234241 2026-05-08T02:48:47Z Ghybu 1393 /* Formeke lêkerê */ 6234242 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-herîn.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}} * {{ku-kîte}} === Lêker === {{ku-tewîn-lk-niha|herîn|form=negerguhêz|niha=her}} {{lêker|ku|c=x-ngh}}, {{r-ya req}} # [[çûn]], [[bi rê ketin]], [[dûr ketin]] #: {{mk|ku|Zû '''herin'''!}} #: {{mk|ku|Ger em niha '''herin''', ew dê negihin me.}} #: {{mk|ku|Divê em sibê zû '''herin'''.}} #: {{mk|ku|Ew kengî '''d(ih)ere'''?}} #: {{mk|ku|Ez '''terim'''.}} #: {{hevmane|ku|rewtin}} # {{f|ku|devokî}} [[birin]] #: {{mk|ku|Hemin ku tu diçî, viya jî '''bihere''' bi xwe re.|Viya jî bibe bi xwe re|rêz=1}} ==== Herwiha ==== * {{g|ku|herrîn}} ==== Tewîn ==== * [-her-] * [-er-] ==== Etîmolojî ==== Ji pêş-hindû-ewropî [[*h₁er-]] (1. erd, 2. livîn, çûyîn, herrîn) pêş-îranî [[*Her-]] (herrîn, çûn)<ref>(Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; Leiden, Boston: Brill, pages 163-5)</ref>, bi [[metatez|metatezê]] hevrreha farisî {{g|fa|رسیدن}}(resîden) û dibe ku kurmancî [[rizîn|rrizîn]] jî, hevrreha [[zazakî]] {{g|zza|herr|w=erd}}. Lê tenê di [[kurmancî|kurmanciya jorîn/badînî]] de heye û zimanên din ên kurdîkî de peyda nabe (heta [[mijar]]a [[henek]]ê ye jî, binêre [[here-were]]) lewma bide ber ermeniya kevn [[հեռ-]] • (heṙ-: [[dûr]]), ermeniya niha [[հեռու]] ‎(heṙu: [[dûr]]). Heke ji vê rehê bibe; hevreha ingilîzî [[earth]], elmanî [[Erd]], holendî [[aarde]], norwêcî, swêdî, danmarkî [[jord]]. Bi devokî carinan bi wateya ''birin'' bi kar tê, dibe ku wateya resen ew bibe û paşê guherîbe. ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|gehen}} * {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|تأمم|guman=erê}} * {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|رفتن}} * {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|partir}}, {{W|fr|aller}}, {{W|fr|s’en aller}} * {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|go}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|gitmek}} {{werger-bin}} === Navdêr === {{ku-tewîn-nav|herîn|mê}} {{navdêr|ku|z=m}} # [[çûn|Çûn]], [[birêketin]], [[dûrketin]]. #* {{jêder-malper|ku|jêgirtin=Ev kûrahiya ji ber helîna cemedê û '''herîn'''a avê bêhtir eleqeya min biribû ser xwe.|nivîskar=Eric Guth|sernav=Gereke Nûwaze Bo Çiyayên Sîpan ên Alaskayê|url=http://www.parzemin.com/gereke-nuwaze-bo-ciyayen-sipan-en-alaskaye/|arşîv=https://web.archive.org/web/20230331093629/http://www.parzemin.com/gereke-nuwaze-bo-ciyayen-sipan-en-alaskaye/|dîrok=2015-10-16}} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|go}}, ([[act]] [[of]]) {{W|en|going}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|gitme}} {{werger-bin}} {{clr}} === Rengdêr === {{rengdêr|ku}} # Ji heriyê; binêre {{g|ku|herî}} (1) === Formeke lêkerê === {{lêker|ku|form=erê}} # (ji "herîn") ''Binêre'': '''[[herîn]]'''. === Çavkanî === {{çavkanî}} rs11d28aazkm663xo22rg1drkzgyobf 6234243 6234242 2026-05-08T02:49:40Z Ghybu 1393 /* Navdêr */ 6234243 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-herîn.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}} * {{ku-kîte}} === Lêker === {{ku-tewîn-lk-niha|herîn|form=negerguhêz|niha=her}} {{lêker|ku|c=x-ngh}}, {{r-ya req}} # [[çûn]], [[bi rê ketin]], [[dûr ketin]] #: {{mk|ku|Zû '''herin'''!}} #: {{mk|ku|Ger em niha '''herin''', ew dê negihin me.}} #: {{mk|ku|Divê em sibê zû '''herin'''.}} #: {{mk|ku|Ew kengî '''d(ih)ere'''?}} #: {{mk|ku|Ez '''terim'''.}} #: {{hevmane|ku|rewtin}} # {{f|ku|devokî}} [[birin]] #: {{mk|ku|Hemin ku tu diçî, viya jî '''bihere''' bi xwe re.|Viya jî bibe bi xwe re|rêz=1}} ==== Herwiha ==== * {{g|ku|herrîn}} ==== Tewîn ==== * [-her-] * [-er-] ==== Etîmolojî ==== Ji pêş-hindû-ewropî [[*h₁er-]] (1. erd, 2. livîn, çûyîn, herrîn) pêş-îranî [[*Her-]] (herrîn, çûn)<ref>(Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; Leiden, Boston: Brill, pages 163-5)</ref>, bi [[metatez|metatezê]] hevrreha farisî {{g|fa|رسیدن}}(resîden) û dibe ku kurmancî [[rizîn|rrizîn]] jî, hevrreha [[zazakî]] {{g|zza|herr|w=erd}}. Lê tenê di [[kurmancî|kurmanciya jorîn/badînî]] de heye û zimanên din ên kurdîkî de peyda nabe (heta [[mijar]]a [[henek]]ê ye jî, binêre [[here-were]]) lewma bide ber ermeniya kevn [[հեռ-]] • (heṙ-: [[dûr]]), ermeniya niha [[հեռու]] ‎(heṙu: [[dûr]]). Heke ji vê rehê bibe; hevreha ingilîzî [[earth]], elmanî [[Erd]], holendî [[aarde]], norwêcî, swêdî, danmarkî [[jord]]. Bi devokî carinan bi wateya ''birin'' bi kar tê, dibe ku wateya resen ew bibe û paşê guherîbe. ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|gehen}} * {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|تأمم|guman=erê}} * {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|رفتن}} * {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|partir}}, {{W|fr|aller}}, {{W|fr|s’en aller}} * {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|go}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|gitmek}} {{werger-bin}} === Navdêr === {{ku-tewîn-nav|herîn|mê}} {{navdêr|ku|z=m}} # [[çûn|Çûn]], [[birêketin]], [[dûrketin]]. #* {{jêder-malper|ku|jêgirtin=Ev kûrahiya ji ber helîna cemedê û '''herîna''' avê bêhtir eleqeya min biribû ser xwe.|nivîskar=Eric Guth|sernav=Gereke Nûwaze Bo Çiyayên Sîpan ên Alaskayê|url=http://www.parzemin.com/gereke-nuwaze-bo-ciyayen-sipan-en-alaskaye/|arşîv=https://web.archive.org/web/20230331093629/http://www.parzemin.com/gereke-nuwaze-bo-ciyayen-sipan-en-alaskaye/|dîrok=2015-10-16}} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|go}}, ([[act]] [[of]]) {{W|en|going}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|gitme}} {{werger-bin}} {{clr}} === Rengdêr === {{rengdêr|ku}} # Ji heriyê; binêre {{g|ku|herî}} (1) === Formeke lêkerê === {{lêker|ku|form=erê}} # (ji "herîn") ''Binêre'': '''[[herîn]]'''. === Çavkanî === {{çavkanî}} jjsjbgxppwbmzuxhfwpyzz9xj9fpgnj 6234244 6234243 2026-05-08T02:57:18Z Ghybu 1393 /* Lêker */ 6234244 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-herîn.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}} * {{ku-kîte}} === Lêker === {{ku-tewîn-lk-niha|herîn|form=negerguhêz|niha=her}} {{lêker|ku|c=x-ngh}}, {{r-ya req}} # [[çûn]], [[bi rê ketin]], [[dûr ketin]] #: {{f|ku|devokî}} [[birin]] #: {{mk|ku|Zû '''herin'''!}} #: {{mk|ku|Ger em niha '''herin''', ew dê negihin me.}} #: {{mk|ku|Divê em sibê zû '''herin'''.}} #: {{mk|ku|Ew kengî '''d(ih)ere'''?}} #: {{mk|ku|Ez '''terim'''.}} #: {{hevmane|ku|rewtin}} #: {{mk|ku|Hemin ku tu diçî, viya jî '''bihere''' bi xwe re.|Viya jî bibe bi xwe re|rêz=1}} ==== Herwiha ==== * {{g|ku|herrîn}} ==== Tewîn ==== * [-her-] * [-er-] ==== Etîmolojî ==== Ji pêş-hindû-ewropî [[*h₁er-]] (1. erd, 2. livîn, çûyîn, herrîn) pêş-îranî [[*Her-]] (herrîn, çûn)<ref>(Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; Leiden, Boston: Brill, pages 163-5)</ref>, bi [[metatez|metatezê]] hevrreha farisî {{g|fa|رسیدن}}(resîden) û dibe ku kurmancî [[rizîn|rrizîn]] jî, hevrreha [[zazakî]] {{g|zza|herr|w=erd}}. Lê tenê di [[kurmancî|kurmanciya jorîn/badînî]] de heye û zimanên din ên kurdîkî de peyda nabe (heta [[mijar]]a [[henek]]ê ye jî, binêre [[here-were]]) lewma bide ber ermeniya kevn [[հեռ-]] • (heṙ-: [[dûr]]), ermeniya niha [[հեռու]] ‎(heṙu: [[dûr]]). Heke ji vê rehê bibe; hevreha ingilîzî [[earth]], elmanî [[Erd]], holendî [[aarde]], norwêcî, swêdî, danmarkî [[jord]]. Bi devokî carinan bi wateya ''birin'' bi kar tê, dibe ku wateya resen ew bibe û paşê guherîbe. ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|gehen}} * {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|تأمم|guman=erê}} * {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|رفتن}} * {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|partir}}, {{W|fr|aller}}, {{W|fr|s’en aller}} * {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|go}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|gitmek}} {{werger-bin}} === Navdêr === {{ku-tewîn-nav|herîn|mê}} {{navdêr|ku|z=m}} # [[çûn|Çûn]], [[birêketin]], [[dûrketin]]. #* {{jêder-malper|ku|jêgirtin=Ev kûrahiya ji ber helîna cemedê û '''herîna''' avê bêhtir eleqeya min biribû ser xwe.|nivîskar=Eric Guth|sernav=Gereke Nûwaze Bo Çiyayên Sîpan ên Alaskayê|url=http://www.parzemin.com/gereke-nuwaze-bo-ciyayen-sipan-en-alaskaye/|arşîv=https://web.archive.org/web/20230331093629/http://www.parzemin.com/gereke-nuwaze-bo-ciyayen-sipan-en-alaskaye/|dîrok=2015-10-16}} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|go}}, ([[act]] [[of]]) {{W|en|going}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|gitme}} {{werger-bin}} {{clr}} === Rengdêr === {{rengdêr|ku}} # Ji heriyê; binêre {{g|ku|herî}} (1) === Formeke lêkerê === {{lêker|ku|form=erê}} # (ji "herîn") ''Binêre'': '''[[herîn]]'''. === Çavkanî === {{çavkanî}} bytocz86qfp0c24wj1q8l0vlr5yas5x 6234245 6234244 2026-05-08T02:58:27Z Ghybu 1393 6234245 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-herîn.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}} * {{ku-kîte}} === Lêker === {{ku-tewîn-lk-niha|herîn|form=negerguhêz|niha=her}} {{lêker|ku|c=x-ngh}}, {{r-ya req}} # [[çûn]], [[bi rê ketin]], [[dûr ketin]] #: {{hevmane|ku|rewtin}} #: {{mk|ku|Zû '''herin'''!}} #: {{mk|ku|Ger em niha '''herin''', ew dê negihin me.}} #: {{mk|ku|Divê em sibê zû '''herin'''.}} #: {{mk|ku|Ew kengî '''d(ih)ere'''?}} #: {{mk|ku|Ez '''terim'''.}} # {{f|ku|devokî}} [[birin]] #: {{mk|ku|Hemin ku tu diçî, viya jî '''bihere''' bi xwe re.|Viya jî bibe bi xwe re|rêz=1}} ==== Herwiha ==== * {{g|ku|herrîn}} ==== Tewîn ==== * [-her-] * [-er-] ==== Etîmolojî ==== Ji pêş-hindû-ewropî [[*h₁er-]] (1. erd, 2. livîn, çûyîn, herrîn) pêş-îranî [[*Her-]] (herrîn, çûn)<ref>(Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; Leiden, Boston: Brill, pages 163-5)</ref>, bi [[metatez|metatezê]] hevrreha farisî {{g|fa|رسیدن}}(resîden) û dibe ku kurmancî [[rizîn|rrizîn]] jî, hevrreha [[zazakî]] {{g|zza|herr|w=erd}}. Lê tenê di [[kurmancî|kurmanciya jorîn/badînî]] de heye û zimanên din ên kurdîkî de peyda nabe (heta [[mijar]]a [[henek]]ê ye jî, binêre [[here-were]]) lewma bide ber ermeniya kevn [[հեռ-]] • (heṙ-: [[dûr]]), ermeniya niha [[հեռու]] ‎(heṙu: [[dûr]]). Heke ji vê rehê bibe; hevreha ingilîzî [[earth]], elmanî [[Erd]], holendî [[aarde]], norwêcî, swêdî, danmarkî [[jord]]. Bi devokî carinan bi wateya ''birin'' bi kar tê, dibe ku wateya resen ew bibe û paşê guherîbe. ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|gehen}} * {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|تأمم|guman=erê}} * {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|رفتن}} * {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|partir}}, {{W|fr|aller}}, {{W|fr|s’en aller}} * {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|go}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|gitmek}} {{werger-bin}} === Navdêr === {{ku-tewîn-nav|herîn|mê}} {{navdêr|ku|z=m}} # [[çûn|Çûn]], [[birêketin]], [[dûrketin]]. #* {{jêder-malper|ku|jêgirtin=Ev kûrahiya ji ber helîna cemedê û '''herîna''' avê bêhtir eleqeya min biribû ser xwe.|nivîskar=Eric Guth|sernav=Gereke Nûwaze Bo Çiyayên Sîpan ên Alaskayê|url=http://www.parzemin.com/gereke-nuwaze-bo-ciyayen-sipan-en-alaskaye/|arşîv=https://web.archive.org/web/20230331093629/http://www.parzemin.com/gereke-nuwaze-bo-ciyayen-sipan-en-alaskaye/|dîrok=2015-10-16}} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|go}}, ([[act]] [[of]]) {{W|en|going}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|gitme}} {{werger-bin}} {{clr}} === Rengdêr === {{rengdêr|ku}} # Ji heriyê; binêre {{g|ku|herî}} (1) === Formeke lêkerê === {{lêker|ku|form=erê}} # (ji "herîn") ''Binêre'': '''[[herîn]]'''. === Çavkanî === {{çavkanî}} euq16v4zjcq26xjohelvb47tve7x0uh avêtin 0 8300 6234199 6033087 2026-05-07T14:56:16Z Ghybu 1393 /* Jê */ 6234199 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{ku-IPA}} * {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-avêtin.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}} * {{ku-kîte}} === Lêker === {{ku-tewîn-lk|avêtin|form=gerguhêz|niha=avêj|borî=avêt}} [[Wêne:Assyrian spearman · HHWI469.svg|thumb|Kesek rimekê '''tavêjit'''.]] {{lêker|ku|c=x-gh}} # Bi [[tund]]î ji [[dest]]ê xwe [[berdan]] daku li [[hewa]] [[dûr]] biçe. #: {{mk|ku|Kevir û ber '''avêtin'''.}} #* {{jêder-pirtûk|ku|jêgirtin=Ehmed bi xwe ben '''avêt''' ustuyê xwe û serêd benê dayêd destêt Madoyê, go kurû zû bikêşe|nivîskar=Mele Mehmûdê Bazîdî|sernav=Cami’eya Riseleyan û Hikayetan Bi Zimanê Kurmancî|cîh=Stembol<br> |weşanxane={{w|Weşanên Lîs|Lîs}}|sal=2010|çap=1|rûpel=109|isbn=978-605-5683-27-6}} # Tiştek bi [[alav]]ekê [[berdan]] [[hewa]]. #: {{mk|ku|Fîşek '''avêtin'''.}} # Êdî lê nebûn [[xwedî]], bi cih [[hêlan]], [[dest]] jê berdan, [[dev]] jê berdan. #: {{mk|ku|Desteyek cilên nû bo xwe kirrî û cilên xwe yên kevn '''avêtin'''.}} # Tiştek bi [[xemsarî]] [[berdan]]. #: {{mk|ku|Çanteyê xwe '''avêt''' erdê û revî.}} # [[neçar|Neçar]] kirin ku biçe [[der]]ekê, [[def]] dan, [[han]] dan. #: {{mk|ku|Wan em ji malê '''avêtin''' derê.}} # [[rewş|Rewş]]a kesekê/î yan tiştekê/î ji [[nişkê]] ve [[guherandin]] (bi taybetî ber bi [[rewş]]eke [[xirab]] ve). #: {{mk|ku|Ew ji kar hat '''avêtin'''.}} #* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Destên wî girêbidin, lalekê derbasî hustyê wî bikin û wî '''biavêjin''' zîndanê."|''[[w:Çiyayê Agirî|Çiyayê Agirî]]'', [[w:Yaşar Kemal|Yaşar Kemal]], Weşanxana [[w:Çanda Kurdî|Çanda Kurdî]]}} # Li [[erd]]ê dan. #: {{mk|ku|Herduyan xwe li hev da lê yê mezin yê biçûk zû '''avêt''' erdê.}} #* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Rêberê wan jî xwe li ser zik '''avêt''' erdê û wî jî li leşkeran reşand.|{{Jêgirtin/Firat Cewerî/Girtî}}}} # [[ronahî|Ronahî]] yan [[tav]] dan derekê. #: {{mk|ku|Rojê di pencereyê re tava xwe '''diavêt''' hindirr.}} # [[bertek|Bertek]]ek anku [[reaksiyon]]ek [[girtin]]. #: {{mk|ku|Kerb û kîn '''avêtin''' kesekê/î.}} # [[jidil|Jidil]] [[daxwaz]] yan [[hêvî]] ji kesekê/î kirin. #: {{mk|ku|Xwe '''avêtin''' ber piyan / lingan.}} ==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ==== * {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Newaya mutrib û çengê<br />Fixan '''avête''' xerçengê<br />Were saqî heta kengê}} ==== Bi alfabeyên din ==== * {{ku-ar|ئاڤێتن}} ** {{mj|klasîk}} {{g|ku|sc=Arab|آڤیتن|tr=avêtin}} ** {{mj|klasîk}} {{g|ku|sc=Arab|آڤیهتن|tr=avêhtin}} ** {{mj|klasîk}} {{g|ku|sc=Arab|آڤهتن|tr=avihtin}} ==== Herwiha ==== {{kol3|ku | avitin | avîtin | havêtin | avêştin | havêştin | avêjtin | havêjtin | awêtin | hawêtin | awêştin | hawêştin | awêjtin | havêjtin }} ==== Jê ==== {{kol3|ku | -avêj | -avêjî | -avêjk | avêtî | hilavêtin | hilavêtî | dest avêtin<q:lêker> | destavêtin<q:navdder> }} ==== Etîmolojî ==== Ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|*ṷeik-}}, {{q|ine-pro|*ṷeig-|w=[[badan]], [[çemandin]], [[tewandin]]}}, {{ji|ira-pro|ku||*a-}} + {{q|ira-pro||*veyg-}}. Hevreha {{hv|ae||tr=veêg-|w=[[hejandin]]}} (rehê dema niha ''veêc-''), osetî {{q|os|tr=vêẍûn|w=[[hejandin]], [[vehejandin]]}}, belûçî {{q|bal||tr=gêceg|w=[[hejandin]]; avêtin}}, {{hv|pal||tr=wêxten}} (rehê dema niha ''-wêz-''), {{hv|fa|آویختن|tr=avîxten|w=[[hilawîstin]], [[daliqandin]]}} (rehê dema niha: ''-avîz-''), soranî {{g|ckb|هاویشتن|tr=hawîştin|w=avêtin}} (rehê dema niha ''-hawêj-''), [[kurdiya başûrî]] {{q|sdh|aştin|sc=Latn}}, {{q|sdh|oyştin|sc=Latn}}, zazakî {{q|zza|eştene}} (navdêr: {{q|zza|eştiş}}). {{biçûk| ;Çavkanî: * {{Cheung}} * {{Chyet}} }} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|hedh}} * {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|werfen}}, {{W+|de|schmeißen}} * {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|aruc}} * {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|দলিওৱা}} * {{Z|ast}}: {{W-|ast|llanzar}}, {{W-|ast|tirar}} * {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|atmaq}} * {{Z|eu}}: {{W+|eu|bota}} * {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|кіда́ць|impf}}, {{W-|be|кі́нуць|pf}} * {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|teurel}}, {{W-|br|teulel}} * {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|хвъ́рлям}} * {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ပစ်}} * {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|кхосса}} * {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|vrhat|impf}}, {{W+|cs|vrhnout|pf}} * {{Z|chy}}: {{W-|chy|-a'ha}} * {{Z|zh}}: *: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|抛|tr=pāo}}, {{W+|cmn|投|tr=tóu}}, {{W+|cmn|扔|tr=rēng}} * {{Z|dlm}}: {{W-|dlm|truar}} * {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|kaste}} * {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|lempar}} * {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|رَمَى}}, {{W+|ar|صَبَّ}}, {{W+|ar|اِنْدَفَعَ}}, {{W-|ar|قَذَفَ}} *: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|رمى|tr=rama}} *: {{Z|acw}}: {{W-|acw|رمى|tr=rama}} *: {{Z|apc}}: {{W-|apc|زت|tr=zatt}} * {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|նետել}}, {{W+|hy|շպրտել}} * {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|ĵeti}} * {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|heitma}}, {{W+|et|viskama}} * {{Z|eve}}: {{W-|eve|нода-}} * {{Z|evn}}: {{W-|evn|нода-}} * {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|انداختن|tr=andâxtan}}, {{W+|fa|افگندن|tr=afgandan}} * {{Z|fo}}: {{W+|fo|kasta}}, {{W+|fo|blaka}} * {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|heittää}}, {{W+|fi|viskata}}, {{W+|fi|nakata}} *: {{W+|fi|heitellä}}, {{W+|fi|viskoa}}, {{W+|fi|viskellä}}, {{W+|fi|nakella}}, {{W+|fi|paiskoa}} *: {{W+|fi|heittää}}, {{W-|fi|viskaista}}, {{W+|fi|paiskata}}, {{W-|fi|paiskaista}} * {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|jeter}}, {{W+|fr|lancer}} * {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|slançâ}} * {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|tilg}} * {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|lanzar}}, {{W+|gl|tirar}} * {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍀𐌰𐌽}} * {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|გადაგდება}} * {{Z|mba}}: {{W-|mba|lambug}} * {{Z|hi}}: {{W-|hi|फेंकना}} * {{Z|hil}}: {{W-|hil|pilak}} * {{Z|hit}}: {{W-|hit|𒁉𒌍𒅆𒄑𒍣|tr=pé-eš-ši-ez-zi}} * {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|werpen}}, {{W+|nl|gooien}}, {{W+|nl|smijten}} * {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|זרק|tr=zarák}}, {{W-|he|העיף|tr=he'íf}} * {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|weorpan}} * {{Z|enm}}: {{W-|enm|werpen}} * {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|throw}} * {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|visata}}, {{W-|izh|heittää}} * {{Z|inh}}: {{W-|inh|кхосса}} * {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|caith}} *: {{Z|sga}}: {{W-|sga|fo·ceird}} * {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|gettare}}, {{W+|it|lanciare}}, {{W+|it|tirare}}, {{W+|it|buttare}} * {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|kasta}} * {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|投げる|tr=なげる, nageru}}, {{W-|ja|投じる|tr=とうじる, tōjiru}} * {{Z|kaw}}: {{W-|kaw|sawat}} * {{Z|jv}}: {{W-|jv|sawat}} * {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|llançar}}, {{W+|ca|tirar}} * {{Z|qu}}: {{W-|qu|chanqay}}, {{W-|qu|chuqay}}, {{W-|qu|chamqay}}, {{W-|qu|wikch'uy}} * {{Z|kjg}}: {{W-|kjg|ຫວັດ}} * {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|таштоо}} * {{Z|si}}: {{W-|si|ගසනවා}} * {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|던지다}} * {{Z|kw}}: {{W-|kw|teulel}}, {{W-|kw|towlel}}, {{W-|kw|towla}} * {{Z|kum}}: {{W-|kum|атмакъ}}, {{W-|kum|ташламакъ}} * {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|svīst}}, {{W-|ltg|svaideit}} * {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|iactō}}, {{W+|la|iaciō}} * {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|mest}}, {{W-|lv|sviest}} * {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ຂວ້າງ}}, {{W-|lo|ຖິ້ມ}} * {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|mesti}}, {{W-|lt|sviesti}} * {{Z|lmo}}: {{W-|lmo|buttà}} * {{Z|lb}}: {{W-|lb|geheien}} * {{Z|mdh}}: {{W-|mdh|itug}} * {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|фрла}} * {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|tefa'}} * {{Z|mnc}}: {{W-|mnc|ᡶᠠᡥᠠᠮᠪᡳ}} * {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|hōreke}}, {{W-|mi|maka}} * {{Z|mrw}}: {{W-|mrw|itog}}, {{W-|mrw|lambeg}} * {{Z|mr}}: {{W-|mr|फेकणे}} * {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|dob}} * {{Z|mn}}: {{W+|mn|хаях}} * {{Z|nap}}: {{W-|nap|iettà}} * {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|souîndgi}}, {{W-|nrf|fliantchi}}, {{W-|nrf|j'ter}}, {{W-|nrf|lanchi}}, {{W-|nrf|pitchi}} * {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|kaste}}, {{W-|no|hive}} * {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|lançar}} * {{Z|om}}: {{W-|om|darbachuu}} * {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|otmoq}} * {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|rzucać|impf}}, {{W+|pl|rzucić|pf}} * {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|lançar}}, {{W+|pt|atirar}}, {{W+|pt|arremessar}}, {{W+|pt|jogar}} * {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|лақтыру}}, {{W+|kk|тастау}} * {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|bittar}}, {{W-|rm|lantschar}} * {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|arunca}} * {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|броса́ть|impf}}, {{W+|ru|бро́сить|pf}}, {{W+|ru|кида́ть|impf}}, {{W+|ru|ки́нуть|pf}}, {{W+|ru|мета́ть|impf}}, {{W+|ru|метну́ть|pf}}, {{W+|ru|швыря́ть|impf}}, {{W+|ru|швырну́ть|pf}} * {{Z|sm}}: {{W-|sm|lafo}} * {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|क्षिपति}} * {{Z|ceb}}: {{W-|ceb|labay}} * {{Z|scn}}: {{W+|scn|lanzari}} * {{Z|szl}}: {{W-|szl|ciepać|impf}}, {{W-|szl|ciepnónć|pf}} * {{Z|sh}}: *: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|бацити|pf}}, {{W-|sh|бацати|impf}}, {{W-|sh|вргнути|pf}}, {{W-|sh|врћи|impf}} *: Latînî: {{W+|sh|baciti|pf}}, {{W+|sh|bacati|impf}}, {{W+|sh|vrgnuti|pf}}, {{W+|sh|vrći|impf}} * {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|hodiť}}, {{W-|sk|vrhnúť}} * {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|vreči}} * {{Z|so}}: {{W-|so|tuurid}} * {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|lanzar}}, {{W+|es|tirar}}, {{W+|es|arrojar}} * {{Z|su}}: {{W+|su|alung}} * {{Z|sw}}: {{W-|sw|kutupa}} * {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|kasta}} * {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|андохтан}} * {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|itapon}}, {{W-|tl|ihagis}} * {{Z|sou}}: {{W-|sou|ลิว}} * {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|โยน}}, {{W+|th|ขว้าง}}, {{W+|th|ปา}} * {{Z|tet}}: {{W-|tet|soe}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|atmak}}, {{W+|tr|fırlatmak}} * {{Z|tk}}: {{W+|tk|atmak}} * {{Z|txb}}: {{W-|txb|kärsk-}} * {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|پھینکنا|tr=pheṅknā}} * {{Z|uk}}: {{W+|uk|кида́ти}}, {{W-|uk|ки́нути|pf}} * {{Z|vec}}: {{W-|vec|lansar}} * {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|ném}}, {{W+|vi|chọi}}, {{W+|vi|quăng}} * {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|jedön}} * {{Z|war}}: {{W-|war|labog}}, {{W-|war|pilak}} * {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|taflu}} * {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|បោះ|tr=bɑh}}, {{W+|km|ចោល|tr=caol}} * {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|וואַרפֿן}} * {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|ρίχνω}} *: Kevn: {{W-|grc|βάλλω}}, {{W-|grc|ῥίπτω}} * {{Z|zea}}: {{W-|zea|smiete}}, {{W-|zea|goôie}} {{werger-bin}} :{{werger çavkanî|en|throw|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75874032}} === Navdêr === {{ku-tewîn-nav|avêtin|mê}} {{navdêr|ku|z=m}} # Bi [[tund]]î [[berdan]]a ji [[dest]]ê xwe daku li [[hewa]] [[dûr]] biçe. #: {{mk|ku|'''Avêtina''' gogê.}} #: {{mk|ku|'''Avêtina''' topan.}} #: {{mk|ku|'''Avêtineke''' tund û dijwar.}} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|lancement|n}} * {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|lanceren}} * {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|throw}}, {{W+|en|throwing}} * {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|lanzamiento|n}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|atma}}, {{W+|tr|atış}} {{werger-bin}} cz7x50qcld62esx1q0jxwaowqvnzvow mizicîn 0 8370 6234248 6124056 2026-05-08T03:04:06Z Ghybu 1393 /* Lêker */ 6234248 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{ku-kîte}} === Lêker === {{ku-tewîn-lk-niha|mizicîn|form=negerguhêz|niha=mizic}} [[Wêne:Iraqi girl smiles.jpg|thumb|200px|Ev keçik '''dimizice''' bêyî ku devê xwe veke.]] {{lêker|ku|c=x-ngh}} # [[bişirîn]], [[girnijîn]], [[bişkurrîn]], [[bêdeng]] [[kenîn]], [[kêfxweş]] bûn #* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Lê çaxa wî navê xwe hilda û bi min re kenya ez jî vê re '''mizicîm''' û kêfxweş bûm.|[[w:Eyûb Milî]]: Hikmet Fidan da dû Dewrêşê Evdî, Netkurd.com 7/2005}} ==== Bi alfabeyên din ==== * {{ku-ar|مزجین}} ==== Têkildar ==== * [[mizicandin]] ==== Jê ==== * [[mizicer]] * [[mizicî]] * [[miziciyayî]] ==== Etîmolojî ==== Ji [[mizic]] + [[-în]] ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|af}}: {{W|af|glimlag}} * {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|lächeln}}, {{W|de|anlächeln|guman=erê}} * {{Z|br}}: {{W|br|mousc'hoarzhin}} * {{Z|bg}}: [[усмихвам|усмихвам се]] (usmikhzam se) * {{Z|cs}}: {{W|cs|usmát se}}, {{W|cs|usmívat se}} * {{Z|id}}: {{W|id|senyum}} * {{Z|eo}}: {{W|eo|rideti}} * {{Z|fi}}: {{W|fi|hymyillä}} * {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|sourire}} * {{Z|gn}}: {{W|gn|pukavy}} * {{Z|nl}}: {{W|nl|glimlachen}} * {{Z|en}}: to {{W|en|smile}} * {{Z|ja}}: {{W|ja|微笑む|tr=ほほえむ, hohoemu}} * {{Z|la}}: {{W|la|subridere}} * {{Z|lt}}: {{W|lt|šypsotis}} * {{Z|pl}}: [[uśmiechać]] się * {{Z|pt}}: {{W|pt|sorrir}} * {{Z|ro}}: {{W|ro|zâmbi}} * {{Z|ru}}: [[улыбаться]] (ulybát’sja) * {{Z|sl}}: {{W|sl|nasmehniti se}} * {{Z|es}}: {{W|es|sonreir}} * {{Z|sv}}: {{W|sv|le#Swedish}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|gülümsemek}}, {{W|tr|tebesüm}}, {{W|tr|gülümseyiş}}, {{W|tr|tebesüm etmek}} * {{Z|uk}}: [[посміхатися]] (posmikhatysja) * {{Z|vi}}: {{W|vi|cười}} {{werger-bin}} === Navdêr === {{ku-tewîn-nav|mizicîn|mê}} {{navdêr|ku|z=m}} # {{bêwate}} #* {{bêmînak|ku}} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} {{werger-bin}} 5wdbmgi97mpqii7p222rfnvsf9aocnv 6234251 6234248 2026-05-08T03:11:21Z Ghybu 1393 /* Lêker */ 6234251 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{ku-kîte}} === Lêker === {{ku-tewîn-lk-niha|mizicîn|form=negerguhêz|niha=mizic}} [[Wêne:Iraqi girl smiles.jpg|thumb|200px|Ev keçik '''dimizice''' bêyî ku devê xwe veke.]] {{lêker|ku|c=x-ngh}} # [[bişirîn]], [[girnijîn]], [[bişkurrîn]], [[bêdeng]] [[kenîn]], [[kêfxweş]] bûn #* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Lê çaxa wî navê xwe hilda û bi min re kenya ez jî vê re '''mizicîm''' û kêfxweş bûm.|[[w:Eyûb Milî]]: Hikmet Fidan da dû Dewrêşê Evdî, Netkurd.com 7/2005}} ==== Bi alfabeyên din ==== * {{ku-ar|مزجین}} ==== Tewîn ==== : -mizic- ==== Têkildar ==== * [[mizicandin]] ==== Jê ==== * [[mizicer]] * [[mizicî]] * [[miziciyayî]] ==== Etîmolojî ==== Ji [[mizic]] + [[-în]] ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|af}}: {{W|af|glimlag}} * {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|lächeln}}, {{W|de|anlächeln|guman=erê}} * {{Z|br}}: {{W|br|mousc'hoarzhin}} * {{Z|bg}}: [[усмихвам|усмихвам се]] (usmikhzam se) * {{Z|cs}}: {{W|cs|usmát se}}, {{W|cs|usmívat se}} * {{Z|id}}: {{W|id|senyum}} * {{Z|eo}}: {{W|eo|rideti}} * {{Z|fi}}: {{W|fi|hymyillä}} * {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|sourire}} * {{Z|gn}}: {{W|gn|pukavy}} * {{Z|nl}}: {{W|nl|glimlachen}} * {{Z|en}}: to {{W|en|smile}} * {{Z|ja}}: {{W|ja|微笑む|tr=ほほえむ, hohoemu}} * {{Z|la}}: {{W|la|subridere}} * {{Z|lt}}: {{W|lt|šypsotis}} * {{Z|pl}}: [[uśmiechać]] się * {{Z|pt}}: {{W|pt|sorrir}} * {{Z|ro}}: {{W|ro|zâmbi}} * {{Z|ru}}: [[улыбаться]] (ulybát’sja) * {{Z|sl}}: {{W|sl|nasmehniti se}} * {{Z|es}}: {{W|es|sonreir}} * {{Z|sv}}: {{W|sv|le#Swedish}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|gülümsemek}}, {{W|tr|tebesüm}}, {{W|tr|gülümseyiş}}, {{W|tr|tebesüm etmek}} * {{Z|uk}}: [[посміхатися]] (posmikhatysja) * {{Z|vi}}: {{W|vi|cười}} {{werger-bin}} === Navdêr === {{ku-tewîn-nav|mizicîn|mê}} {{navdêr|ku|z=m}} # {{bêwate}} #* {{bêmînak|ku}} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} {{werger-bin}} 093d85t57jhk9pk77c2uztlqaz2lglo girnijîn 0 8375 6234249 6124058 2026-05-08T03:09:12Z Ghybu 1393 6234249 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{ku-kîte}} === Lêker === {{ku-tewîn-lk-niha|girnijîn|form=negerguhêz|niha=girnij}} [[Wêne:Iraqi girl smiles.jpg|thumb|200px|Ev keçik '''digirnije''' bêyî ku devê xwe veke.]] {{lêker|ku|c=x-ngh}} # [[bişirîn]], [[bişkurîn]], [[mizicîn]], [[bêdeng]] [[kenîn]], [[kêfxweşî]] li [[rû]]yî [[xuya]] bûn, [[bêdeng]] [[kenîn]] #* {{bêmînak|ku}} ==== Herwiha ==== * [[gerrnijîn]] * [[gernijîn]] * [[girrnijîn]] * [[girrijîn]] * [[girijîn]] ==== Tewîn ==== : -girnij- ==== Têkildar ==== * [[girnijandin]] ==== Etîmolojî ==== Hevreha {{hv|ckb|گرنژین}}, {{hv|zza|girmijîyene}}. Dibe ku hevreha {{hv|en|grin|tr=girnijîn, bişirîn}} ku tê gotin hevreha {{q|en|groan}} e û ji {{ji|ine-pro|en|*gʰer-|w=[[firikandin]], [[xêz kêşan]], [[vepejilandin]]}} tê. [[guherîn|Guherîna]] [[deng]]î bo [[ziman]]ên [[îranî]]kî û kurdî [[guncan]] e [[lê]] di [[ziman]]ên din ên [[îranî]]kî de nayê [[dîtin]]. Heke wisan bibe, hevreha {{hv|de|grienen}} û {{q|de|greinen}}, {{hv|no|grina}}, {{hv|grc|χρίω}}, {{hv|sa|घृ}}... Lê maneya ''girnijîn'' tenê di zimanên germanî de heye û di zimanên hindûîranîkî de (wek sanskrîtî a nîşandayî) hê maneya ''[[vepejilandin]]''ê dide. ''/-ij/'' [[paşgir]]a [[-ijîn]] e. Lê [[herwiha]] binêre {{q|ku|mizmizîn}}, ku bi [[zazakî]] {{g|zza|mijmijîyene}} ye. Heke [[berçav]] bibe ku ''girnij'' bi [[zazakî]] ''gir'''m'''ij'' e, [[dibe ku]] [[reh]] di vir de bibe ''/mij/'' bixwe. ==== Jê ==== * [[girnijer]] * [[girnijî]] * [[girnijiyayî]] ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|glimlag}} * {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|osmijeh}} * {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|lächeln}}, {{W|de|anlächeln|guman=erê}} * {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|mousc'hoarzhin}} * {{Z|bg}}: [[усмихвам|усмихвам се]] (usmikhzam se) * {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|usmát se}}, {{W+|cs|usmívat se}} * {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|senyum}} * {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|الإبتسامة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|الجلعة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|الفرة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|بش|guman=erê}} * {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|rideti}} * {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|لبخندزدن}}, {{W+|fa|خندیدن}} * {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|hymyillä}} * {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|sourire}} * {{Z|gn}}: {{W+|gn|pukavy}} * {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|glimlachen}} * {{Z|en}}: to {{W+|en|smile}}, {{W+|en|contraction}}, {{W+|en|crease}}, {{W+|en|crispiness}}, {{W+|en|frizz}}, {{W+|en|frizzing}}, {{W+|en|pucker}}, {{W+|en|seam}}, {{W+|en|shrink}}, {{W|en|crispen|guman=erê}} * {{Z|ja}}: {{W|ja|微笑む|tr=ほほえむ, hohoemu}} * {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|subridere}} * {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|šypsotis}} * {{Z|pl}}: [[uśmiechać]] się * {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|sorrir}} * {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|zâmbi}} * {{Z|ru}}: [[улыбаться]] (ulybát’sja) * {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|nasmehniti se}} * {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|sonreir}} * {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|le#Swedish}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|gülümsemek}}, {{W+|tr|tebesüm}}, {{W+|tr|gülümseyiş}}, {{W+|tr|hırlama}}, {{W+|tr|hırlamak}}, {{W+|tr|hırlayış}}, {{W+|tr|tebesüm etmek}} * {{Z|uk}}: [[посміхатися]] (posmikhatysja) * {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|cười}} {{werger-bin}} === Navdêr === {{ku-tewîn-nav|girnijîn|mê}} {{navdêr|ku|z=m}} # {{bêwate|ku}} #* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Pencerek di dilê wê da vebû, '''girnijînek''' kete ser lêva wê.|''[[w:Antolojiya Çîroka Nû ya Kurmancên Başûr|Antolojiya Çîroka Nû ya Kurmancên Başûr]]'', amedekar: [[w:XeIî1 Duhokî|Xelîl Duhokî]], Weşanên {{w|Nûdem}} #* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Bi '''girnijînekê''' tirsnak berê xwe da min...|{{Jêgirtin/Robert Louis Stevenson/Meseleya Seyr a Dr. Jekyll û Mr. Hyde|r=70}}}} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|gülümseme}}, {{W|tr|tebessüm}}, {{W|tr|gülümseyiş}} {{werger-bin}} 5fq6jwdnaaglfaccxzxobq8sjbitynw 6234250 6234249 2026-05-08T03:10:21Z Ghybu 1393 /* {{ziman|ku}} */ 6234250 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{ku-kîte}} === Lêker === {{ku-tewîn-lk-niha|girnijîn|form=negerguhêz|niha=girnij}} [[Wêne:Iraqi girl smiles.jpg|thumb|200px|Ev keçik '''digirnije''' bêyî ku devê xwe veke.]] {{lêker|ku|c=x-ngh}} # [[bişirîn]], [[bişkurîn]], [[mizicîn]], [[bêdeng]] [[kenîn]], [[kêfxweşî]] li [[rû]]yî [[xuya]] bûn, [[bêdeng]] [[kenîn]] #* {{bêmînak|ku}} ==== Herwiha ==== * [[gerrnijîn]] * [[gernijîn]] * [[girrnijîn]] * [[girrijîn]] * [[girijîn]] ==== Tewîn ==== : -girnij- ==== Têkildar ==== * [[girnijandin]] ==== Jê ==== * [[girnijer]] * [[girnijî]] * [[girnijiyayî]] ==== Etîmolojî ==== Hevreha {{hv|ckb|گرنژین}}, {{hv|zza|girmijîyene}}. Dibe ku hevreha {{hv|en|grin|tr=girnijîn, bişirîn}} ku tê gotin hevreha {{q|en|groan}} e û ji {{ji|ine-pro|en|*gʰer-|w=[[firikandin]], [[xêz kêşan]], [[vepejilandin]]}} tê. [[guherîn|Guherîna]] [[deng]]î bo [[ziman]]ên [[îranî]]kî û kurdî [[guncan]] e [[lê]] di [[ziman]]ên din ên [[îranî]]kî de nayê [[dîtin]]. Heke wisan bibe, hevreha {{hv|de|grienen}} û {{q|de|greinen}}, {{hv|no|grina}}, {{hv|grc|χρίω}}, {{hv|sa|घृ}}... Lê maneya ''girnijîn'' tenê di zimanên germanî de heye û di zimanên hindûîranîkî de (wek sanskrîtî a nîşandayî) hê maneya ''[[vepejilandin]]''ê dide. ''/-ij/'' [[paşgir]]a [[-ijîn]] e. Lê [[herwiha]] binêre {{q|ku|mizmizîn}}, ku bi [[zazakî]] {{g|zza|mijmijîyene}} ye. Heke [[berçav]] bibe ku ''girnij'' bi [[zazakî]] ''gir'''m'''ij'' e, [[dibe ku]] [[reh]] di vir de bibe ''/mij/'' bixwe. ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|glimlag}} * {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|osmijeh}} * {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|lächeln}}, {{W|de|anlächeln|guman=erê}} * {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|mousc'hoarzhin}} * {{Z|bg}}: [[усмихвам|усмихвам се]] (usmikhzam se) * {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|usmát se}}, {{W+|cs|usmívat se}} * {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|senyum}} * {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|الإبتسامة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|الجلعة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|الفرة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|بش|guman=erê}} * {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|rideti}} * {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|لبخندزدن}}, {{W+|fa|خندیدن}} * {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|hymyillä}} * {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|sourire}} * {{Z|gn}}: {{W+|gn|pukavy}} * {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|glimlachen}} * {{Z|en}}: to {{W+|en|smile}}, {{W+|en|contraction}}, {{W+|en|crease}}, {{W+|en|crispiness}}, {{W+|en|frizz}}, {{W+|en|frizzing}}, {{W+|en|pucker}}, {{W+|en|seam}}, {{W+|en|shrink}}, {{W|en|crispen|guman=erê}} * {{Z|ja}}: {{W|ja|微笑む|tr=ほほえむ, hohoemu}} * {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|subridere}} * {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|šypsotis}} * {{Z|pl}}: [[uśmiechać]] się * {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|sorrir}} * {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|zâmbi}} * {{Z|ru}}: [[улыбаться]] (ulybát’sja) * {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|nasmehniti se}} * {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|sonreir}} * {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|le#Swedish}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|gülümsemek}}, {{W+|tr|tebesüm}}, {{W+|tr|gülümseyiş}}, {{W+|tr|hırlama}}, {{W+|tr|hırlamak}}, {{W+|tr|hırlayış}}, {{W+|tr|tebesüm etmek}} * {{Z|uk}}: [[посміхатися]] (posmikhatysja) * {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|cười}} {{werger-bin}} === Navdêr === {{ku-tewîn-nav|girnijîn|mê}} {{navdêr|ku|z=m}} # {{bêwate|ku}} #* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Pencerek di dilê wê da vebû, '''girnijînek''' kete ser lêva wê.|''[[w:Antolojiya Çîroka Nû ya Kurmancên Başûr|Antolojiya Çîroka Nû ya Kurmancên Başûr]]'', amedekar: [[w:XeIî1 Duhokî|Xelîl Duhokî]], Weşanên {{w|Nûdem}}}} #* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Bi '''girnijînekê''' tirsnak berê xwe da min...|{{Jêgirtin/Robert Louis Stevenson/Meseleya Seyr a Dr. Jekyll û Mr. Hyde|r=70}}}} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|gülümseme}}, {{W|tr|tebessüm}}, {{W|tr|gülümseyiş}} {{werger-bin}} ew3dtmzc6eznqh56wm3ye4r9z9h5oa0 hiş bûn 0 10729 6234200 6130177 2026-05-07T18:24:24Z ~2026-27749-83 14918 Werger: +swêdî : [[vara tyst]] (bi alîkarî) 6234200 wikitext text/x-wiki {{bnr-n|hişbûn}} == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{ku-kîte}} === Lêker === {{lêker|ku|c=h-ngh}} # [[bêdeng bûn]], [[mit bûn]], ne [[axiftin]], ne [[peyvîn]] #* {{bêmînak|ku}} ==== Herwiha ==== * [[huş bûn]] ==== Bi alfabeyên din ==== * {{ku-ar|هش بوون}} ==== Etîmolojî ==== Ji {{heve|ku|his|bûn}} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|schweigen|guman=erê}} * {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|الصمت}}, {{W|ar|السكوت}} * {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|زرنگ بودن|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|ساکت شدن|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|ساکت بودن|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|ساکت شدن|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|ساکت شدن|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|عاقل بودن|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|عاقل بودن|guman=erê}} * {{Z|en}}: to {{W|en|keep quiet}}, to {{W|en|be silent}}, {{W|en|whist|guman=erê}} * {{Z|sv}}: {{W-|sv|vara tyst}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|kuvvetle|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|susmak|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|gözü arkada kalmak|guman=erê}} {{werger-bin}} ngy1p9sppdcd12b39iv5kp6tivnxr0x 6234201 6234200 2026-05-07T18:25:25Z ~2026-27749-83 14918 Werger: +swêdî : [[hålla tyst]] (bi alîkarî) 6234201 wikitext text/x-wiki {{bnr-n|hişbûn}} == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{ku-kîte}} === Lêker === {{lêker|ku|c=h-ngh}} # [[bêdeng bûn]], [[mit bûn]], ne [[axiftin]], ne [[peyvîn]] #* {{bêmînak|ku}} ==== Herwiha ==== * [[huş bûn]] ==== Bi alfabeyên din ==== * {{ku-ar|هش بوون}} ==== Etîmolojî ==== Ji {{heve|ku|his|bûn}} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|schweigen|guman=erê}} * {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|الصمت}}, {{W|ar|السكوت}} * {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|زرنگ بودن|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|ساکت شدن|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|ساکت بودن|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|ساکت شدن|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|ساکت شدن|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|عاقل بودن|guman=erê}}, {{W|fa|عاقل بودن|guman=erê}} * {{Z|en}}: to {{W|en|keep quiet}}, to {{W|en|be silent}}, {{W|en|whist|guman=erê}} * {{Z|sv}}: {{W-|sv|vara tyst}}, {{W+|sv|hålla tyst}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|kuvvetle|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|susmak|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|gözü arkada kalmak|guman=erê}} {{werger-bin}} jrf82ux29hmnwug0hkhrswxv6airhi6 girîn 0 11095 6234212 6231129 2026-05-07T21:00:28Z Ghybu 1393 /* Lêker */ 6234212 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Key Mîrza-girîn.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}} * {{ku-kîte}} === Lêker === {{ku-tewîn-lk|girîn|form=negerguhêz|niha=girî|borî=girî|borî2=giriya}} [[Wêne:Crying-girl.jpg|thumb|Keçikek '''digirî'''.]] {{lêker|ku|c=x-ngh}} # [[kizîn]], [[girî kirin]], [[şîn kirin]], [[dadûferyad]] kirin, [[şîwan]] kirin, [[rondik]] [[barandin]], ji [[çav]]an hatin, [[hêsir]] [[barandin]] (û [[deng]]ek jê hatin, bi taybetî ji ber [[xemgînî|xemgîniyekê]]) #* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Wan ji bala lê dibarin wek birûskan remz û naz</br>Kê xeber dabit ji 'işqê key ji ber westa '''girit'''</br>Gerçi rah ez zerre zerre sînesûz û cangudaz}} ==== Bi alfabeyên din ==== * {{ku-ar|گرین}} ==== Herwiha ==== {{stûn| * {{g|ku|giriyan}} * {{g|ku|girîyan}} * {{g|ku|giryan}} * {{g|ku|gîrîn}} }} ==== Dijmane ==== * {{g|ku|kenîn}} ==== Têkildar ==== * {{g|ku|giriyandin}} ==== Jê ==== {{stûn| * {{g|ku|giriyayî}} * {{g|ku|giriyok}} * {{g|ku|giriyokî}} * {{g|ku|kizgiriyok}} * {{g|ku|kizgiriyokî}} }} ==== Etîmolojî ==== Ji {{paş|ku|girî|-n}}, ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|*greid-|w=[[qîrîn]]}}, {{ji|ira-pro|ku|*gāθram}}, avestayî {{g|ae||tr=gāθrō}}, hevreha soranî [[giryan]], {{hv|fa|گریه|tr=girye}}, {{g|fa|گریستن|tr=girîsten}}, {{hv|la|cridare}} (bixwîne: krîdarê "girîn, [[qîrîn]]"), {{hv|en|cry}} (bixwîne: kray, "girîn; qîrîn"), [[îrî|îriya navîn]] [[grith]] ("girî"), weylsî [[gryd]] ([[qîjîn]]), {{hv|es|gritar}}, romanî [[cridar]], elmanî [[kreissen]], swêdî û norwecî [[gråta]]... ji heman rehî {{g|ku|girijîn}}. ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|huil}} * {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|qaj}} * {{Z|ale}}: {{W-|ale|qida}} * {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|weinen}} * {{Z|ami}}: {{W-|ami|tangic}} * {{Z|an}}: {{W+|an|plorar}} * {{Z|rup}}: {{W-|rup|plãngu}} * {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|কান্দ|tr=kand}} * {{Z|ast}}: {{W+|ast|llorar}} * {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|ağlamaq}} * {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|илау}} * {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|пла́каць|impf|sc=Cyrl}} * {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|কাঁদা}}, {{W-|bn|কান্দা}}, {{W-|bn|ক্রন্দন করা}} * {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|gouelañ}} * {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|пла́ча|impf}} * {{Z|bnn}}: {{W-|bnn|tangis}} * {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ငို|sc=Mymr}} * {{Z|ce}}: {{W-|ce|делха}} * {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|plakat|impf}}, {{W+|cs|brečet|impf}} * {{Z|chr}}: {{W-|chr|ᎠᏦᏱᎭ}} * {{Z|chy}}: {{W-|chy|-a'xaame}} * {{Z|zh}}: *: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|喊|tr=haam3}}, {{W-|yue|流眼淚|tr=lau4 ngaan5 leoi6}} *: {{Z|dng}}: {{W-|dng|кў}} *: {{Z|gan}}: {{W-|gan|哭|tr=kuh6}}, {{W-|gan|叫|tr=jieu4}} *: {{Z|cjy}}: {{W-|cjy|哭|tr=kueh4}} *: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|哭|tr=kū}}, {{W-|cmn|流眼淚|tr=liú yǎnlèi}}, {{W-|cmn|流淚|tr=liúlèi}}, {{W+|cmn|泣|tr=qì}} *: {{Z|mnp}}: {{W-|mnp|啼|tr=tî}} *: {{Z|cdo}}: {{W-|cdo|啼嘛|tr=tiè-mà}}, {{W-|cdo|啼|tr=tiè}} *: {{Z|nan}}: {{W-|nan|吼|tr=háu}}, {{W+|nan|哭|tr=khàu}} *: {{Z|wuu}}: {{W-|wuu|哭}} *: {{Z|hsn}}: {{W-|hsn|哭|tr=ku6}} * {{Z|ckt}}: {{W-|ckt|мэрэтчак|tr=mėrėtčak}} * {{Z|dlm}}: {{W-|dlm|plungro}} * {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|græde}} * {{Z|ovd}}: {{W-|ovd|graina}} * {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|tangis}}, {{W+|id|menangis}} * {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|بَكَى}} *: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|عَيَّط|tr=ʿayyaṭ}} *: {{Z|afb}}: {{W-|afb|بچى|tr=biča}} *: {{Z|acw}}: {{W-|acw|بِكي|tr=biki}} * {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|լալ|sc=Armn}}, {{W-|hy|լաց լինել|sc=Armn}} * {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|plori}} * {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|nutma}}, {{W-|et|nuuksuma}} * {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|گریستن|tr=geristan}}, {{W+|fa|گریه کردن|tr=gerye kardan}} * {{Z|fo}}: {{W+|fo|gráta}} * {{Z|fj}}: {{W-|fj|tagica}} * {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|itkeä}}, {{W+|fi|parkua}}, {{W-|fi|vollottaa}} * {{Z|fro}}: {{W-|fro|plorer}} * {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|pleurer}} * {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|vaî}} * {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|treure}} * {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|caoin}}, {{W-|gd|guil}} * {{Z|gag}}: {{W-|gag|aalamaa}} * {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|chorar}} * {{Z|roa-gal}}: {{W-|roa-gal|breur'}} * {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐌲𐍂𐌴𐍄𐌰𐌽}} * {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|ტირილი|sc=Geor}} * {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|रोना|sc=Deva}} * {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|huilen}}, {{W+|nl|wenen}}, {{W+|nl|schreien}}, {{W+|nl|janken}} * {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|בָּכָה|tr=bakhá}} * {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|plorar}} * {{Z|ilo}}: {{W-|ilo|agsangit}} * {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|grēotan}} * {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|cry}} * {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|itkiä}} * {{Z|iu}}: {{W-|iu|ᕿᐊ}} * {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|caoin}}, {{W-|ga|goil}} * {{Z|ist}}: {{W-|ist|piurà}}, {{W-|ist|pjurà}} * {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|piangere}} * {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|gráta}} * {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|泣く|tr=なく, naku}} * {{Z|kaw}}: {{W-|kaw|tangis}} * {{Z|jv}}: {{W+|jv|tangis}}, {{W+|jv|nangis}} * {{Z|kl}}: {{W-|kl|qiavoq}} * {{Z|xal}}: {{W-|xal|уульх}} * {{Z|pam}}: {{W-|pam|kiyak}} * {{Z|kea}}: {{W-|kea|txora}} * {{Z|csb}}: {{W-|csb|płakac}} * {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|plorar}} * {{Z|kgp}}: {{W-|kgp|fỹ}} * {{Z|qu}}: {{W+|qu|waqay}}, {{W-|qu|wagai}} * {{Z|ks}}: {{W-|ks|وَدُن}} * {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|ыйлоо}} * {{Z|si}}: {{W-|si|අඬනවා|sc=Sinh}} * {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|울다}}, {{W-|ko|흐느끼다}} * {{Z|kw}}: {{W-|kw|kria}} * {{Z|kum}}: {{W-|kum|йыламакъ}} * {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|rauduot}} * {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|fleō}}, {{W+|la|lacrimō}} * {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|raudāt}} * {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ກຳສວນ}}, {{W-|lo|ຍົມ}} * {{Z|lij}}: {{W-|lij|ciànze}} * {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|verkti}}, {{W-|lt|raudoti}} * {{Z|lb}}: {{W+|lb|kräischen}} * {{Z|lut}}: {{W-|lut|ʔiub}} * {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|плаче|impf|sc=Cyrl}} * {{Z|ml}}: {{W+|ml|കരയുക}} * {{Z|ms}}: {{W-|ms|menangis}}, {{W-|ms|tangis}} * {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|beka}} * {{Z|mnc}}: {{W-|mnc|ᠰᠣᠩᡤᠣᠮᠪᡳ}} * {{Z|mi}}: {{W+|mi|tangi}}, {{W-|mi|tawetawē}} * {{Z|mr}}: {{W+|mr|रडणे|tr=raḍaṇe}} * {{Z|yua}}: {{W-|yua|okʼol}} * {{Z|mzn}}: {{W-|mzn|برمه}}, {{W-|mzn|برمه هکردن}} * {{Z|gun}}: {{W-|gun|jae'o}} * {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|sír#Hungarian-to-cry}}, {{W+|hu|rí}}, {{W+|hu|könnyezik}} * {{Z|egy}}: {{W-egy|rmj|h=r-m-D9}} * {{Z|min}}: {{W-|min|tangih}}, {{W-|min|manangih}} * {{Z|mn}}: {{W+|mn|уйлах|sc=Cyrl}} * {{Z|nap}}: {{W-|nap|chiagne}} * {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|yicha}} * {{Z|niu}}: {{W-|niu|tagi}} * {{Z|nrf}}: {{W-|nrf|plieuther}} * {{Z|no}}: *: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|gråte}}, {{W+|nb|grine}} *: {{Z|nn}}: {{W+|nn|gråta}} * {{Z|oj}}: {{W-|oj|mawi}} * {{Z|pro}}: {{W-|pro|plorar}} * {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|plorar}} * {{Z|ota}}: {{W-|ota|آغلامق|tr=ağlamak}} * {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|يىغلىماق|sc=ug-Arab}} * {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|yigʻlamoq}} * {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|yora}} * {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|ژړل|tr=žaṛᶕl}} * {{Z|ppl}}: {{W-|ppl|chuka}}, {{W-|ppl|chuca}} * {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|płakać|impf}} * {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|chorar}} * {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|жылау|sc=Cyrl}} * {{Z|cop}}: {{W-|cop|ⲣⲓⲙⲉ|tr=rime|sc=Copt}} * {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|bragir}}, {{W-|rm|cridar}} * {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|plânge}} * {{Z|ru}}: {{W-|ru|пла́кать|impf}}, {{W-|ru|рыда́ть|impf}} * Samî: *: {{Z|sjd}}: {{W-|sjd|лӯҋҋкэ}} * {{Z|se}}: {{W-|se|čierrut}} * {{Z|sm}}: {{W-|sm|tagi}} * {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|रोदिति}} * {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|pianghere}}, {{W-|sc|plangiri}}, {{W-|sc|pragnere}} * {{Z|scn}}: {{W+|scn|chiànciri}}, {{W+|scn|ciànciri}} * {{Z|sh}}: *: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|пла̏кати|impf|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W-|sh|јецати|impf|sc=Cyrl}} *: Latînî: {{W+|sh|plȁkati|impf}}, {{W+|sh|jecati|impf}} * {{Z|syl}}: {{W-|syl|ꠇꠣꠘ꠆ꠖꠣ}} * {{Z|sco}}: {{W-|sco|greet}} * {{Z|cu}}: {{W-|cu|плакати|impf|sc=Cyrs}} * {{Z|orv}}: {{W-|orv|плакати|impf}} * {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|plakať|impf}} * {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|jokati|impf}} * {{Z|so}}: {{W-|so|ooyid}} * Sorbî: *: {{Z|hsb}}: {{W-|hsb|płakać|impf}}, {{W-|hsb|zapłakać|pf}}, {{W-|hsb|popłakać|pf}} * {{Z|st}}: {{W+|st|lla}} * {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|llorar}} * {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|gråta}} * {{Z|cjs}}: {{W-|cjs|ылғарға|tr=ılğarğa}} * {{Z|tg}}: {{W-|tg|геристан|sc=Cyrl}}, {{W-|tg|герйе кардан|sc=Cyrl}} * {{Z|tl}}: {{W-|tl|lumuha}}, {{W-|tl|umiyak}}, {{W-|tl|hikbi}}, {{W-|tl|tumangis}} * {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|அழு|sc=Taml}} * {{Z|roa-tar}}: {{W-|roa-tar|chiànge}} * {{Z|tsg}}: {{W-|tsg|tangis}} * {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|ร้องไห้}}, {{W-|th|ร่ำไห้}} * {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|ఏడ్చు|sc=Telu}} * {{Z|crh}}: {{W-|crh|ağlamaq}} * {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|еларга|sc=Cyrl}} * {{Z|tet}}: {{W-|tet|tanis}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|ağlamak}} * {{Z|tk}}: {{W+|tk|aglamak}} * {{Z|tpi}}: {{W-|tpi|karai}} * {{Z|uga}}: {{W-|uga|𐎁𐎋𐎊}}, {{W-|uga|𐎄𐎎𐎓}} * {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|رونا|tr=ronā|sc=ur-Arab}} * {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|пла́кати|impf|sc=Cyrl}} * {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|khóc}} * {{Z|cy}}: {{W-|cy|crïo}}, {{W+|cy|llefain}}, {{W+|cy|wylo}} * {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|យំ}} * {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|וויינען}} * {{Z|esu}}: {{W-|esu|qire}} * {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|κλαίω|sc=Grek}} *: Kevn: {{W-|grc|κλαίω}}, {{W-|grc|δακρύω}} * {{Z|nmn}}: {{W-|nmn|kxʻāa}} {{werger-bin}} :{{werger çavkanî|en|cry|oldid=75598076|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê}} === Navdêr === {{ku-tewîn-nav|girîn|mê}} {{navdêr|ku|z=m}} # [[girî]], [[deng]]ê girînê: #:''Girîna wî ez xemgîn kirim.'' ==== Werger ==== {{werger-bnr|girî}} jy96lowtqe6ifqwlwzhf9ilh5i4h9xi hejmar 0 11814 6234208 6234010 2026-05-07T20:42:28Z Bikarhêner 3719 /* */ bi [[MediaWiki:Gadget-AjaxEdit.js|AjaxEdit]]ê re 6234208 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{ku-IPA}} * {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Key Mîrza-hejmar.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}} * {{ku-kîte}} === Navdêr === {{ku-tewîn-nav|hejmar|mê}} [[Wêne:Eight Ball Rack 2005 SeanMcClean cropped.jpg|thumb|Hin '''hejmar'''.]] {{navdêr|ku|z=m}} # {{bêmane|ku}} #: {{hevmane|ku|reqem|nimre|micar}} #* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Feqiyê Teyran}}|jêgirtin=Kovanên mihirdaran</br>Bêhedd û bê '''hejmar''' in</br>Tîrên di wan hîsaran}} ==== Herwiha ==== {{kol3|ku | hijmar | jimar | jimare | jumar | jumare }} ==== Bi alfabeyên din ==== * {{ku-ar|هه‌ژمار}} * {{ku-kr|һәжмар}} ==== Jê ==== {{stûn| * [[hejmarnas]] * [[hejmarnasî]] * [[hejmarî]] * [[hejmarkî]] * [[hejmartin]] * [[hejmartî]] * [[-hejmêr-]] * [[-hejmêr]] * [[hemcar]] * [[hemjar]] * [[ijmar]] }} ==== Etîmolojî ==== {{paşvesazî|ku|hejmartin}}, [[hevreh]]a soranî {{g|ckb|ژماره‌|tr=jimare}}, pehlewî ''şumar'', û farisî {{g|fa|شمار|tr=şomar}} û {{g|fa|ﺷﻣﺎره|tr=şomarê}}, zazakî ''{{g|zza|amar}}'', peştûyî {{g|ps|شمېرل|tr=śmerël|w=hejmartin}}, avestayî ''mer-aa'', sanskrîtî {{g|sa|स्मरति|tr=smarati|w=anîn bîra xwe; [[kom kirin]], [[berhev kirin]]}}, latînî ''{{g|la|memor}}'' ("[[bihiş]], [[hişmend]], [[jîr]], [[biaqil]]"), yûnanî {{g|el|μέρμερος|tr=mêrmeros|w=[[fêlbaz]], [[hîlebaz]]}}... hemû ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}} *[[smer|(s)mer-]] ("[[hatin bîrê]], [[anîn bîra xwe]]"). Bo zêdebûna yan kêmbûna dengên "he-" li destpêka peyvê bide ber: [[hejar]] / [[jar]], [[war]] (kurmancî) / [[hewar]] (soranî). ==== Bi zaravayên din ==== * Kurmancî: ** Reşwî: [[micar]] (hw. [[êmcir]]) * {{Z|ckb}}: {{W-|ckb|ژمارە}} * {{Z|zza}}: {{W-|zza|amar}} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|ab}}: {{W-|ab|ахыҧхьаӡара}} * {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|aantal}}, {{W+|af|getal}} * {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|sasi|m}}, {{W+|sq|numër|n}}, * {{Z|goh}}: {{W-|goh|rīm}} * {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Zahl|m}} * {{Z|atv}}: {{W-|atv|тоо}}, {{W-|atv|сан}} * {{Z|alt}}: {{W-|alt|сагыш}} * {{Z|am}}: {{W-|am|ቁጥር}} * Apaçî: *: {{Z|apw}}: {{W-|apw|ndee biyáti'}} * {{Z|an}}: {{W-|an|lumero|n}} * {{Z|as}}: {{W-|as|সংখ্যা}} * {{Z|ast}}: {{W+|ast|númberu|n}} * {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|say}}, {{W+|az|rəqəm}}, {{W+|az|ədəd}}, {{W+|az|nömrə}}, {{W-|az|şumarə}} * {{Z|eu}}: {{W+|eu|zenbaki}} * {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|һан}} * {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|лік|n}} * {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|সংখ্যা}}, {{W+|bn|নম্বর}}, {{W+|bn|অঙ্ক}} * {{Z|bi}}: {{W-|bi|namba}} * {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|niver|n}} * {{Z|kxd}}: {{W-|kxd|numbur}} * {{Z|bg}}: {{W-|bg|число́|nt}} * {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|နံပါတ်}}, {{W+|my|ဂဏန်း}} * {{Z|bua}}: {{W-|bua|тоо}} * {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|číslo|nt}} * {{Z|zh}}: *: {{Z|dng}}: {{W-|dng|фур}} ({{W-|dng|數兒}}), {{W-|dng|фурму}} ({{W-|dng|數兒目}}) *: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|數|tr=shù}}, {{W+|cmn|數目|tr=shùmù}}, {{W+|cmn|數字|tr=shùzì}} * {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|tal|nt}} * {{Z|dtp}}: {{W-|dtp|numbul}} * {{Z|ovd}}: {{W-|ovd|tal|nt}} * {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|angka}}, {{W+|id|bilang|cuda=bilangan}} * {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|عَدَد|n}} *: {{Z|acw}}: {{W-|acw|رقِم|n|tr=ragim}}, {{W-|acw|رقَم|n|tr=ragam}} *: {{Z|ary}}: {{W-|ary|رقم|tr=raqm}} * {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|թիվ}} *: {{Z|xcl}}: {{W-|xcl|թիւ}} * {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|nombro}} * {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|arv}} * {{Z|gur}}: {{W-|gur|nimõrɔ}} * {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|شماره|tr=šomâre}}, {{W+|fa|رقم|tr=raqam}}, {{W+|fa|عدد|tr='adad}}, {{W+|fa|نمره|tr=nomre}} * {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|luku}} * {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|nombre|n}}, {{W+|fr|numéro|n}} *: {{Z|fro}}: {{W-|fro|nombre}} * {{Z|fur}}: {{W-|fur|numar|n}} * {{Z|ofs}}: {{W-|ofs|rīm}} * {{Z|ff}}: *: Latînî: {{W-|ff|adadu}}, {{W-|ff|emmbere}} *: Adlamî: {{W-|ff|𞤀𞤣𞤢𞤣𞤵}}, {{W-|ff|𞤫𞤥𞥆𞤦𞤫𞤪𞤫}} * {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|àireamh|m}} * {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|número|n}} * {{Z|got}}: {{W-|got|𐍂𐌰𐌸𐌾𐍉|m}} * {{Z|gu}}: {{W-|gu|નંબર|nt}} * {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|რიცხვი}} * {{Z|ht}}: {{W-|ht|nonm}} * {{Z|haw}}: {{W-|haw|helu}} * {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|संख्या|m}}, {{W+|hi|अंक|n}} * {{Z|hil}}: {{W-|hil|isip}} * {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|aantal|nt}}, {{W+|nl|hoeveelheid|m}} * {{Z|he}}: {{W-|he|מִסְפָּר|n|tr=mispár}} * {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|nombro}} * {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|rīm|nt}}, {{W-|ang|tæl|nt}} * {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|number}} * {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|number}} * {{Z|izh}}: {{W-|izh|cisla}} * {{Z|ia}}: {{W+|ia|numero}} * {{Z|ga}}: {{W+|ga|uimhir|m}} * {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|numero|n}} * {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|tala|m}} * {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|数|tr=かず, kazu}}, {{W+|ja|数字|tr=すうじ, sūji}} * {{Z|kaw}}: {{W-|kaw|wilaṅ}} * {{Z|jv}}: {{W-|jv|wilangan}} * Karachay-Balkar: {{tt-check|krc|сан}} * {{Z|kl}}: {{W-|kl|kisitsit}} * {{Z|kdr}}: {{W-|kdr|сан}} * {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|nombre}} * {{Z|qu}}: {{W-|qu|yupay}} * {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|сан}} * {{Z|si}}: {{W-|si|ගණන}}, {{W-|si|අංක}} * {{Z|ko}}: {{W-|ko|숫자(數字)}}, {{W-|ko|수(數)}} * {{Z|kw}}: {{W-|kw|niver}} * {{Z|mfe}}: {{W-|mfe|nimero}} * {{Z|crs}}: {{W-|crs|nimero}} * {{Z|jct}}: {{W-|jct|сан}} * {{Z|lld}}: {{W-|lld|numer|n}} * {{Z|la}}: {{W+|la|numerus|n}} * {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|skaitlis|n}} * {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ເລກ}} * {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|skaičius}} * {{Z|liv}}: {{W-|liv|lug}} * {{Z|lb}}: {{W+|lb|Zuel|m}} * {{Z|mk}}: {{W+|mk|број|n}} * {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|nombor}}, {{W+|ms|angka}}, {{W+|ms|bilangan}} * {{Z|mt}}: {{W+|mt|numru}} * {{Z|mnc}}: {{W-|mnc|ᡨᠣᠨ}} * {{Z|gv}}: {{W-|gv|earroo}} * {{Z|yua}}: {{W-|yua|xook}}, {{W-|yua|xookol}} * {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|szám}} * {{Z|mwl}}: {{W-|mwl|númaro|n}} * {{Z|mn}}: *: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|тоо}} * {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|námboo}}, {{W-|nv|ánéeltʼeʼ}}, {{W-|nv|ákwíígíí}}, {{W-|nv|nóomba}} * {{Z|ne}}: {{W-|ne|संख्या|m}}, {{W-|ne|अंक|n}} * {{Z|nog}}: {{W-|nog|сан}} * {{Z|no}}: *: {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|antall|nt}}, {{W+|no|tall|nt}} *: {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|tal|nt}} * {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|nombre|n}} * {{Z|or}}: {{W+|or|ସଂଖ୍ୟା}} * {{Z|ota}}: {{W-|ota|سایی|tr=sayı}}, {{W-|ota|عدد|tr=aded}} * {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|رەقەم}}, {{W-|ug|سان}} * {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|raqam}}, {{W+|uz|son}} * {{Z|pi}}: {{W-|pi|gaṇanā}} * {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|number}} * {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|رقم|n|tr=raqám}}, {{W+|ps|عدد|n|tr=adád}}, {{W+|ps|نمره|m|tr=nomra}} * {{Z|pms}}: {{W-|pms|nùmer|n}} * {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|liczba|m}} * {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|número|n}} * {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|сан}}, {{W-|kk|нөмір}} * {{Z|rah}}: {{W-|rah|জায়}} * {{Z|rm}}: {{W-|rm|numer|n}}, {{W-|rm|nomer}} * {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|număr|nt}} * {{Z|ru}}: {{W-|ru|число́|nt}} * {{Z|rue}}: {{W-|rue|чісло́|nt}} * {{Z|se}}: {{W-|se|lohku}}, {{W-|se|tálla}} * {{Z|smn}}: {{W-|smn|nummeer}} * {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|संख्या|m}} * {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|númeru|n}}, {{W-|sc|númunu|n}} * {{Z|ceb}}: {{W-|ceb|numero}} * {{Z|scn}}: {{W+|scn|nummuru}}, {{W+|scn|nùmmuru|n}} * {{Z|sh}}: *: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|бро̑ј|n}}, {{W-|sh|чи́сло|nt}} *: Latînî: {{W+|sh|brȏj|n}}, {{W+|sh|číslo|nt}} * {{Z|sk}}: {{W+|sk|číslo|nt}} * {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|število|nt}} * Sorbî: *: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|cysło|nt}}, {{W-|dsb|numer|n}} *: {{Z|hsb}}: {{W-|hsb|ličba|m}}, {{W-|hsb|čisło|nt}} * {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|número|n}} * {{Z|su}}: {{W-|su|ᮝᮤᮜᮍᮔ᮪}} * {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|nambari}}, {{W-|sw|namba}} * {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|tal|nt}} * {{Z|cjs}}: {{W-|cjs|сан}} * {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|рақам}}, {{W+|tg|адад}}, {{W+|tg|шумора}} * {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|bilang}} * {{Z|ta}}: {{W+|ta|எண்}} * {{Z|roa-tar}}: {{W-|roa-tar|numere|n}} * {{Z|tsg}}: {{W-|tsg|taud}}, {{W-|tsg|umbul}} * {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|จำนวน}}, {{W+|th|เลข}} * {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|సంఖ్య}} * {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|сан}} * {{Z|ti}}: {{W-|ti|ቍጽሪ}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|sayı}}, {{W+|tr|rakam}}, {{W+|tr|adet}} * {{Z|tk}}: {{W+|tk|san}} * {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|གྲངས་ཀ}} * {{Z|kim}}: {{W-|kim|сан}} * {{Z|tyv}}: {{W-|tyv|сан}} * {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|عدد|tr='adad}}, {{W-|ur|تعداد|tr=ti'dād}} * {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|число́|nt}} * {{Z|vec}}: {{W+|vec|nùmaro|n}} * {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|số}} ({{W+|vi|數}}) * {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|numat}} * {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|rhif|n}} * {{Z|kjh}}: {{W-|kjh|сан}} * {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|លេខ}} * {{Z|yka}}: {{W-|yka|umbul}} * {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|נומער|n}}, {{W-|yi|צאָל|m}} * {{Z|yo}}: {{W-|yo|nọ́ḿbà}}, {{W-|yo|òǹkà}} * {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|αριθμός|n}}, {{W+|el|πλήθος|nt}} * {{Z|za}}: {{W-|za|cihsoq}}, {{W-|za|susw}}, {{W-|za|soqcih}}, {{W-|za|soqmoeg}} {{werger-bin}} :{{werger çavkanî|en|number|oldid=75596754|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê}} iwxcnatddi8diubms7o9f6qsvowyduj hijmar 0 11815 6234203 5894998 2026-05-07T20:41:13Z Bikarhêner 3719 /* */ bi [[MediaWiki:Gadget-AjaxEdit.js|AjaxEdit]]ê re 6234203 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Navdêr === {{navdêr|ku|z=m}} # {{guharto|ku|hejmar}} #* {{bêmînak|ku}} hx4ot7iey1uj5bvjwg01sax4qbothwg jumar 0 11817 6234205 5894999 2026-05-07T20:42:00Z Bikarhêner 3719 /* */ bi [[MediaWiki:Gadget-AjaxEdit.js|AjaxEdit]]ê re 6234205 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Navdêr === {{navdêr|ku|z=m}} # {{guharto|ku|jimare}} #* {{bêmînak|ku}} 6ix5ez642qxso5v671lpevh4dulszg8 jumare 0 11818 6234206 5895000 2026-05-07T20:42:15Z Bikarhêner 3719 /* */ bi [[MediaWiki:Gadget-AjaxEdit.js|AjaxEdit]]ê re 6234206 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Navdêr === {{navdêr|ku|z=m}} # {{guharto|ku|hejmar}} #* {{bêmînak|ku}} hx4ot7iey1uj5bvjwg01sax4qbothwg weşan 0 14092 6234280 6099045 2026-05-08T10:48:58Z ~2026-27926-02 14920 Werger: +swêdî : [[publikation]]; +swêdî : [[sändning]] (bi alîkarî) 6234280 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{IPA|ku|/wɛˈʃɑːn/}} * {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-weşan.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}} * {{ku-kîte}} === Navdêr === {{ku-tewîn-nav|weşan|mê}} {{navdêr|ku|z=m}} # [[belav]] bûn, [[derketin]], [[çap]] bûn <br>(bi [[taybetî]] di [[rojname]]yekê yan [[pirtûk]]ekê yan [[radyo]]yekê yan [[televizyon]]ekê de yan jî li ser [[Internet]]ê) #* {{bêmînak|ku}} ==== Jê ==== {{kol3|ku|cure=Jê |weşan kirin<pos:lêker> |weşankirin<pos:navdêr> |weşankirî<pos:rengdêr> }} ==== Têkildar ==== * {{g|ku|weşîn}} ==== Etîmolojî ==== Ji {{q|ku|weşandin}}. {{yekser|tr|ku|yayın}}. ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Sendung}}, {{W+|de|Übertragung}}, {{W+|de|Bekanntgabe|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|Verbreitung|f|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|Verlagswesen|guman=erê}} * {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|انتشار}}, {{W+|fa|چاپ}}, {{W+|fa|نشر}}, {{W-|fa|بهم زدن}}, {{W+|fa|توزیع}}, {{W+|fa|جنباندن}}, {{W+|fa|لرزاندن}}, {{W+|fa|منتشر کردن}} * {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|publishing}}, {{W+|en|broadcasting}}, {{W+|en|broadcast}}, {{W+|en|publication}}, {{W+|en|dissemination}} * {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|publikation}}, {{W+|sv|sändning}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|yayın}}, {{W+|tr|neşir}}, {{W+|tr|neşriyat}}, {{W+|tr|yayım}}, {{W+|tr|neşretmek}}, {{W+|tr|dökmek}} {{werger-bin}} b77lma823i00w65wpdwd4tmq42ndtnu pîne 0 14980 6234216 6130666 2026-05-07T21:21:14Z Bikarhêner 3719 6234216 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{ku-kîte}} === Navdêr === {{ku-tewîn-nav|pîne|mê}} {{navdêr|ku|z=m}} # [[perçe|Perçe]]yek [[qumaş]]ê yan jî maddeyên din ên ku ji bo sererastkirin an [[xurtkirin]]a xalek çiryayî an [[qels]] tê bikaranîn. #* {{bêmînak|ku}} # [[parçe]], [[pirt]] #* {{bêmînak|ku}} ==== Herwiha ==== {{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha |penî |pinî }} ==== Bi alfabeyên din ==== * {{ku-ar|پینه}} ==== Jê ==== {{stûn| * {{mj|lêker}} [[pîne kirin]] * {{mj|lêker}} [[pîne bûn]] * {{mj|navdêr}} [[pînekirin]] * {{mj|navdêr}} [[pînebûn]] * {{mj|rengdêr}} [[pînekirî]] * [[bêpîne]] * [[bêpînehî]] * [[bêpînetî]] * [[bêpîneyî]] * [[bipîne]] * [[bipînehî]] * [[bipînetî]] * [[bipîneyî]] * [[pîne-pîne]] * [[pîneker]] * [[pînedoz]] }} ==== Etîmolojî ==== Hevrehên din yên kurmancî [[pinî]], [[pena]], [[nepenî|ne-penî]], farisî {{g|fa|پنهان|tr=penhan|w=[[veşartî]]}}, pehlewî ''pey-nihan'', binere [[pey]] + [[niyan]] / [[nan]] ([[danîn]], [[deynan]]). Têkilî [[nehînî]] û [[niximandin|ni-ximandin]] / [[nixamtin|ni-xamtin]] yên kurmancî, {{g|fa|نهان|tr=nihan|w=[[veşartî]]}}, {{g|fa|نهادن|tr=nihaden|w=[[veşartin]]}} yên farisî, ''ni-δatey-'' ([[niximandin]]) ya avestayî têkilî [[ni-]] + [[dan]]. ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Flicken|m}}, {{W+|de|offensichtlich}} * {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|záplata|f}} * {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|lap|c}} * {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|رقعة}}, {{W+|ar|سر}}, {{W-|ar|لطخة}} * {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|پشت}}, {{W+|fa|پیدا}}, {{W+|fa|بیصدا}}, {{W-|fa|تکه پارچه}} * {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|paikka}} * {{Z|en}}: [[patch]] (for repairing clothes), {{W+|en|patch}}, {{W+|en|mulch|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|sawdust|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|tatter|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|vamp|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|excelsior|guman=erê}}, {{W-|en|saw dust|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|scobs|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|onymous|guman=erê}} * {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|pezza|f}} * {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|remendo|m}} * {{Z|ru}}: {{W|ru|tr=zapláta|заплата|f}}, {{W|ru|tr=zaplátka|заплатка|f}}, {{W|ru|tr=látka|латка|f}} * {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|záplata|f}} * {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|parche|m}} * {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|kiraka}} * {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|lapp}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|yama}}, {{W+|tr|legal}}, {{W+|tr|aşikar}}, {{W-|tr|alenî}}, {{W+|tr|belirli}}, {{W+|tr|peni}}, {{W-|tr|ayakkabı altı|guman=erê}} {{werger-bin}} lq56px98ibpkeets6ha5i3r6by0d4j5 pinî 0 14982 6234215 6130667 2026-05-07T21:20:23Z Bikarhêner 3719 /* */ bi [[MediaWiki:Gadget-AjaxEdit.js|AjaxEdit]]ê re 6234215 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{ku-kîte}} === Navdêr 1 === {{ku-tewîn-nav|pinî|mê}} {{navdêr|ku|z=m}} # [[xal]], [[nuqte]], [[leke]], [[nîşan]] #: {{mk|ku|'''Piniyeke''' reş li [[alek]]a wî bû.}} # {{guharto|ku|pîne|w=[[pate]]yê [[tamîr]]kirina [[cil]]an}} #* {{bêmînak|ku}} ==== Bi alfabeyên din ==== * {{ku-ar|پنی}} ==== Jê ==== {{stûn| * {{mj|lêker}} [[pinî bûn]] * {{mj|lêker}} [[pinî kirin]] * {{mj|navdêr}} [[pinîbûn]] * {{mj|navdêr}} [[pinîkirin]] * {{mj|rengdêr}} [[pinîbûyî]] * {{mj|rengdêr}} [[pinîkirî]] }} ==== Etîmolojî ==== Ji {{ji|ira}}, binere {{q|ku|pîne}}. ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|البقعة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الخصفة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|النمرة|guman=erê}} * {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|گدا}}, {{W+|fa|سائل}} * {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|läiskä}} * {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|macula}}, {{W+|en|maculation}}, {{W+|en|spatter}}, {{W+|en|stain}}, {{W+|en|spot}}, {{W+|en|freckle}}, {{W-|en|bocker|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|botcher|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|fleck|guman=erê}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|nokta}}, {{W+|tr|sinsi}}, {{W+|tr|sinsilik}}, {{W-|tr|uz yılan|guman=erê}} {{werger-bin}} === Navdêr 2 === {{navdêr|ku|z=m}} # {{guharto|ku|pîne|w=[[pate]]yê [[tamîr]]kirina [[cil]]an}} #* {{bêmînak|ku}} d4y54cihm44ujcpr92880w4xr7qhmsi 6234219 6234215 2026-05-07T22:48:17Z Ghybu 1393 /* Navdêr 1 */ 6234219 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{ku-kîte}} === Navdêr 1 === {{ku-tewîn-nav|pinî|mê}} {{navdêr|ku|z=m}} # [[xal]], [[nuqte]], [[leke]], [[nîşan]] #: {{mk|ku|'''Piniyeke''' reş li [[alek]]a wî bû.}} #* {{bêmînak|ku}} ==== Bi alfabeyên din ==== * {{ku-ar|پنی}} ==== Jê ==== {{stûn| * {{mj|lêker}} [[pinî bûn]] * {{mj|lêker}} [[pinî kirin]] * {{mj|navdêr}} [[pinîbûn]] * {{mj|navdêr}} [[pinîkirin]] * {{mj|rengdêr}} [[pinîbûyî]] * {{mj|rengdêr}} [[pinîkirî]] }} ==== Etîmolojî ==== Ji {{ji|ira}}, binere {{q|ku|pîne}}. ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|البقعة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الخصفة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|النمرة|guman=erê}} * {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|گدا}}, {{W+|fa|سائل}} * {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|läiskä}} * {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|macula}}, {{W+|en|maculation}}, {{W+|en|spatter}}, {{W+|en|stain}}, {{W+|en|spot}}, {{W+|en|freckle}}, {{W-|en|bocker|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|botcher|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|fleck|guman=erê}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|nokta}}, {{W+|tr|sinsi}}, {{W+|tr|sinsilik}}, {{W-|tr|uz yılan|guman=erê}} {{werger-bin}} === Navdêr 2 === {{navdêr|ku|z=m}} # {{guharto|ku|pîne|w=[[pate]]yê [[tamîr]]kirina [[cil]]an}} #* {{bêmînak|ku}} mz90vbaeqhwwn6sbs0bysv4xgaywf85 pêjan 0 15223 6234252 6212941 2026-05-08T03:12:55Z Ghybu 1393 /* Lêker */ 6234252 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{IPA|ku|/peːˈʒɑːn/}} * {{ku-kîte}} === Lêker === {{ku-tewîn-lk-niha|pêjan|form=gerguhêz|niha=pêj}} [[Wêne:An Iraqi woman bakes flat bread.jpg|thumb|Jinek nanê [[tenûr]]ê '''dipêje'''.]] {{lêker|ku|c=x-gh}} # [[hevîr]] kirin [[nan]], [[nan]] [[çêkirin]], [[nan]] [[biraştin]] # {{f|ku|mecazî}} [[bi cih anîn]] #: {{nim|ku|Dibêje lê '''napêje'''.|Soza xwe bi cih naîne. / Wek ku dibêje nake|rêz=1}} ==== Bi alfabeyên din ==== * {{ku-ar|پێـژان}} ==== Herwiha ==== {{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha |patin |pahtin |paḧtin |pehtin |peḧtin |petin |pêjandin |pêjîn }} ==== Bide ber ==== * {{g|ku|pêjin}} ==== Tewîn ==== * -pêj- ==== Jê ==== {{kol3|ku|cure=Jê |-pêj |-pêjî |pêjayî }} ==== Etîmolojî ==== Ji {{ji|ine-pro|ku|-}}: *'''pek<sup>w</sup>'''- ("pehtin"), {{ji|ira-pro||-}}: *'''pač'''- ("pehtin"), {{ae}}: '''pec'''- ("pehtin"), {{xpr}}: '''pic'''- ("pehtin"), {{pal}}: '''pux'''- ("pehtin"), [[sogdî]]: '''pc'''- ("pehtin"), {{ha}}: '''pc'''- ("pehtin"), {{fa}}: '''pez'''- ("pehtin"), {{bal}}: '''peč'''- ("pehtin"), [[xunserî]]: '''pez'''- ("pehtin") … {{ir}}, {{kmr}}: '''pehtin, pêjan /-pêj-''' ("pehtin"), {{zza}}: '''pewten, poten /-poǰ-''' ("pehtin"), {{sa}}: '''[[पचति]] pac''' ("pehtin"), {{ru}}: '''p'eč''' ("pehtin"), {{la}}: '''coquo''' ("pehtin"), {{el}}: '''peptein''' ("pehtin") <font style="font-size:10px">'''Çavkanî:''' [[Şablon:Cheung|Cheung p.286]], [[Şablon:Watkins|Watkins p.63]], [[Şablon:Etymonline|Etymonline]]</font><br> ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|backen}}, {{W+|de|garen}} * {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|пека|sc=Cyrl}} * {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|péci}}, {{W+|cs|péct}} * {{Z|zh}}: {{W+|zh|烤}}, {{W+|zh|烘}}, {{W-|zh|焙燒}}, {{W+|zh|烘烤}} * {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|bage}} * {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|خبز}} (xebeze), {{W-|ar|السیاج|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الوشیع|guman=erê}} * {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|پختن}}, {{W+|fa|پزیدن}} * {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|leipoa}} * {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|cuire}} (au [[four#French|four]]) * {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|bakken}} * {{Z|en}}: to {{W+|en|bake}}, {{W+|en|anticipation}}, {{W+|en|cooking}}, {{W+|en|beat down|guman=erê}} * {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|cuocere}} *: {{Z|ang}}: {{W+|ang|bacan}} * {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|焼く|tr=yaku}} * {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|süt}} * {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|piec}} * {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|печь|tr=p'eč}}, {{W+|ru|испечь|tr=isp'éč}} {{pf}} * {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|hornear}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|fırınlamak}}, {{W+|tr|pişim}}, {{W+|tr|pişiriliş}}, {{W+|tr|pişirmek}}, {{W+|tr|sezilme|guman=erê}} {{werger-bin}} === Navdêr === {{ku-tewîn-nav|pêjan|mê}} {{navdêr|ku|z=m}} # {{bêmane}} #* {{bêmînak|ku}} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} {{werger-bin}} 7aav16ul7npynl3zrrvbe98ew68i3ek radan 0 15555 6234253 6213301 2026-05-08T03:15:47Z Ghybu 1393 /* Lêker */ 6234253 wikitext text/x-wiki {{bnr-h|ra dan}} == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{IPA|ku|/rɑːˈdɑːn/}} * {{ku-kîte}} === Lêker === {{ku-tewîn-lk-niha|radan|form=gerguhêz|niha=d|pêşgir=ra}} {{lêker|ku|c=p-gh}} # Li ser [[belav]] kirin. #: {{mk|ku|[[nîvişk|Nîvişk]] bi [[nan]]î '''radan'''.}} # [[tov]] dan (bi taybetî [[zelam]]ek bi [[tov]]ê xwe yê [[zayend]]î [[zarok]]ekê/î çêbike) #* {{bêmînak|ku}} # Li ser tiştekî bi asêyî girtin. #: {{mk|ku|Derî li zarokên xwe '''radaye''' û çûye navgund.}} #: {{mk|ku|Qubaleka bastiqê baş '''rade''' ku mişk nekevinê.}} # [[vekirin]], [[malîn]], [[maliştin]], [[valakirin]], [[rakirin]], [[nehêlan]] li [[wêrê]] #* {{bêmînak|ku}} ==== Bi alfabeyên din ==== * {{ku-ar|ڕادان}} ==== Tewîn ==== ''Lêker'': * ra-d- {{ku-conj-ra-an|d}} ==== Jê ==== * [[radayî]] * [[rader]] * [[raderî]] ==== Bide ber ==== {{stûn| * [[berdan]] * [[dadan]] * [[hildan]] * [[vedan]] * [[werdan]] }} ==== Etîmolojî ==== Ji {{pêk|ku|ra-|dan}}. ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|einfügen}}, {{W+|de|abschließen}}, {{W+|de|absperren}} * {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|إهالة|guman=erê}} * {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|نیش زدن}}, {{W+|fa|زدن}}, {{W+|fa|گاییدن}} * {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|draw}}, {{W+|en|drew}}, {{W+|en|drawn}}, {{W+|en|insert}}, (4) to {{W+|en|remove}}, {{W+|en|expansion|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|neap|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|sweeping|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|dilating|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|flood tide|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|proceeding|guman=erê}}, {{W-|en|rising tide|guman=erê}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|davranma}}, {{W+|tr|davranmak}}, {{W+|tr|feshetme}}, {{W+|tr|feshetmek}}, {{W+|tr|germek}}, {{W+|tr|kapama}}, {{W+|tr|kapamak}}, {{W+|tr|kapatma}}, {{W+|tr|kapatmak}}, {{W+|tr|kilitleme}}, {{W+|tr|kilitlemek}}, {{W+|tr|kitlemek}}, {{W+|tr|uzatmak}}, {{W+|tr|kapanış|guman=erê}}, {{W+|tr|kapatış|guman=erê}} {{werger-bin}} === Navdêr === {{ku-tewîn-nav|radan|mê}} {{navdêr|ku|z=m}} # {{mane?|ku}} #* {{bêmînak|ku}} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} {{werger-bin}} kwodln786qxa51fqbzp5o6h89akjqow niyan 0 15723 6234254 6124267 2026-05-08T03:37:43Z Ghybu 1393 /* Lêker */ 6234254 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{ku-kîte}} === Lêker === {{ku-tewîn-lk-niha|niyan|form=gerguhêz|niha=n}} {{lêker|ku|c=x-ngh}} # {{f|ku|argo}} [[gan]], [[gan]] kirin, [[seks]] kirin #* {{bêmînak|ku}} ==== Bi alfabeyên din ==== * {{ku-ar|نیان}} ==== Tewîn ==== * ''Rehê dema niha:'' [[-n-]] ==== Herwiha ==== {{stûn| * {{mj|lêker}} {{g|ku|nan|id=niyan}} * [[tênan]] * [[nayin]] * [[tênayin]] }} ==== Jê ==== {{stûn| * [[danan]] * [[danîn]] * [[nayî]] * [[nêr]] * [[nêrî]] * [[niyayî]] * [[tê nan]] * [[venan]] }} ==== Etîmolojî ==== Ji {{q|ku|ni-}} ("[[jêr]]") + {{q|ku|dan}} ("[[danîn]]"). Ji {{ji|ira}}, hevreha {{q|ku|nihan}}, {{q|ku|nihênî}}, herwiha farisî {{g|fa|نهادن|tr=nihaden|w=[[niximandin]], [[veşartin]]}}, avestayî ''ni-datey-'' ("[[danîn]]"). ==== Bi zaravayên kurdî ==== * {{Z|zza}}: {{W-|zza|nayene}}, {{W-|zza|nayîş}} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|ficken}} * {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|گاییدن}}, {{W+|fa|نهادن|guman=erê}} * {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fa|baiser}}, {{W+|fa|niquer}} * {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|fuck}}, {{W+|en|bang}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|sikmek}}, {{W+|tr|düzmek}}, {{W+|tr|mücamaa}} {{werger-bin}} 9odinfulvk3wdsimoh0d6xc1xs1rab7 6234255 6234254 2026-05-08T03:42:25Z Ghybu 1393 /* Lêker */ 6234255 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{ku-kîte}} === Lêker === {{ku-tewîn-lk-niha|niyan|form=gerguhêz|niha=n}} {{lêker|ku|c=x-ngh}} # {{f|ku|argo}} [[gan]], [[gan]] kirin, [[seks]] kirin #* {{bêmînak|ku}} ==== Bi alfabeyên din ==== * {{ku-ar|نیان}} ==== Tewîn ==== * ''Rehê dema niha:'' [[-n-]] ==== Herwiha ==== {{stûn| * {{mj|lêker}} {{g|ku|nan|id=niyan}} * [[tênan]] * [[nayin]] * [[tênayin]] }} ==== Jê ==== {{stûn| * [[danan]] * [[danîn]] * [[nayî]] * [[nêr]] * [[nêrî]] * [[niyayî]] * [[tê nan]] * [[venan]] }} ==== Etîmolojî ==== Ji {{q|ku|ni-}} ("[[jêr]]") + {{q|ku|dan}} ("[[danîn]]"). Ji {{ji|ira}}, hevreha {{q|ku|nihan}}, {{q|ku|nihênî}}, herwiha farisî {{g|fa|نهادن|tr=nihaden|w=[[niximandin]], [[veşartin]]}}, avestayî ''ni-datey-'' ("[[danîn]]"). ==== Bi zaravayên kurdî ==== * {{Z|zza}}: {{W-|zza|nayene}}, {{W-|zza|nayîş}} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|ficken}} * {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|گاییدن}}, {{W+|fa|نهادن|guman=erê}} * {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fa|baiser}}, {{W+|fa|niquer}} * {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|fuck}}, {{W+|en|bang}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|sikmek}}, {{W+|tr|düzmek}}, {{W+|tr|mücamaa}} {{werger-bin}} === Navdêr === {{ku-tewîn-nav|niyan|mê}} {{navdêr|ku|z=m}} # {{f|ku|argo}} {{bêmane|ku}} #* {{bêmînak|ku}} {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|sikişme}}, {{W+|tr|sikme}} {{werger-bin}} 32z1zgb03anq9m3h0u5xc92x277tdrh 6234256 6234255 2026-05-08T03:49:10Z Ghybu 1393 /* Navdêr */ 6234256 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{ku-kîte}} === Lêker === {{ku-tewîn-lk-niha|niyan|form=gerguhêz|niha=n}} {{lêker|ku|c=x-ngh}} # {{f|ku|argo}} [[gan]], [[gan]] kirin, [[seks]] kirin #* {{bêmînak|ku}} ==== Bi alfabeyên din ==== * {{ku-ar|نیان}} ==== Tewîn ==== * ''Rehê dema niha:'' [[-n-]] ==== Herwiha ==== {{stûn| * {{mj|lêker}} {{g|ku|nan|id=niyan}} * [[tênan]] * [[nayin]] * [[tênayin]] }} ==== Jê ==== {{stûn| * [[danan]] * [[danîn]] * [[nayî]] * [[nêr]] * [[nêrî]] * [[niyayî]] * [[tê nan]] * [[venan]] }} ==== Etîmolojî ==== Ji {{q|ku|ni-}} ("[[jêr]]") + {{q|ku|dan}} ("[[danîn]]"). Ji {{ji|ira}}, hevreha {{q|ku|nihan}}, {{q|ku|nihênî}}, herwiha farisî {{g|fa|نهادن|tr=nihaden|w=[[niximandin]], [[veşartin]]}}, avestayî ''ni-datey-'' ("[[danîn]]"). ==== Bi zaravayên kurdî ==== * {{Z|zza}}: {{W-|zza|nayene}}, {{W-|zza|nayîş}} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|ficken}} * {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|گاییدن}}, {{W+|fa|نهادن|guman=erê}} * {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fa|baiser}}, {{W+|fa|niquer}} * {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|fuck}}, {{W+|en|bang}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|sikmek}}, {{W+|tr|düzmek}}, {{W+|tr|mücamaa}} {{werger-bin}} === Navdêr === {{ku-tewîn-nav|niyan|mê}} {{navdêr|ku|z=m}} # {{f|ku|argo}} {{bêmane|ku}} #* {{bêmînak|ku}} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|baise|m}} * {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|fucking}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|sikişme}}, {{W+|tr|sikme}} {{werger-bin}} rl2ih2apxgpcb0qg5kfhq19vkk8mjdd 6234265 6234256 2026-05-08T03:58:18Z Ghybu 1393 /* Lêker */ 6234265 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{ku-kîte}} === Lêker === {{ku-tewîn-lk-niha|niyan|form=gerguhêz|niha=n}} {{lêker|ku|c=x-gh}} # {{f|ku|argo}} [[gan]], [[gan]] kirin, [[seks]] kirin #* {{bêmînak|ku}} ==== Bi alfabeyên din ==== * {{ku-ar|نیان}} ==== Tewîn ==== * ''Rehê dema niha:'' [[-n-]] ==== Herwiha ==== {{stûn| * {{mj|lêker}} {{g|ku|nan|id=niyan}} * [[tênan]] * [[nayin]] * [[tênayin]] }} ==== Jê ==== {{stûn| * [[danan]] * [[danîn]] * [[nayî]] * [[nêr]] * [[nêrî]] * [[niyayî]] * [[tê nan]] * [[venan]] }} ==== Etîmolojî ==== Ji {{q|ku|ni-}} ("[[jêr]]") + {{q|ku|dan}} ("[[danîn]]"). Ji {{ji|ira}}, hevreha {{q|ku|nihan}}, {{q|ku|nihênî}}, herwiha farisî {{g|fa|نهادن|tr=nihaden|w=[[niximandin]], [[veşartin]]}}, avestayî ''ni-datey-'' ("[[danîn]]"). ==== Bi zaravayên kurdî ==== * {{Z|zza}}: {{W-|zza|nayene}}, {{W-|zza|nayîş}} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|ficken}} * {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|گاییدن}}, {{W+|fa|نهادن|guman=erê}} * {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fa|baiser}}, {{W+|fa|niquer}} * {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|fuck}}, {{W+|en|bang}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|sikmek}}, {{W+|tr|düzmek}}, {{W+|tr|mücamaa}} {{werger-bin}} === Navdêr === {{ku-tewîn-nav|niyan|mê}} {{navdêr|ku|z=m}} # {{f|ku|argo}} {{bêmane|ku}} #* {{bêmînak|ku}} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|baise|m}} * {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|fucking}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|sikişme}}, {{W+|tr|sikme}} {{werger-bin}} j4mcjapga1ly25wwzx28eyf7wze3l2n 6234266 6234265 2026-05-08T04:06:59Z Ghybu 1393 /* Lêker */ 6234266 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{ku-kîte}} === Lêker === {{ku-tewîn-lk|niyan|form=gerguhêz|niha=n|borî=niya}} {{lêker|ku|c=x-gh}} # {{f|ku|argo}} [[gan]], [[gan]] kirin, [[seks]] kirin #* {{bêmînak|ku}} ==== Bi alfabeyên din ==== * {{ku-ar|نیان}} ==== Tewîn ==== * ''Rehê dema niha:'' [[-n-]] ==== Herwiha ==== {{stûn| * {{mj|lêker}} {{g|ku|nan|id=niyan}} * [[tênan]] * [[nayin]] * [[tênayin]] }} ==== Jê ==== {{stûn| * [[danan]] * [[danîn]] * [[nayî]] * [[nêr]] * [[nêrî]] * [[niyayî]] * [[tê nan]] * [[venan]] }} ==== Etîmolojî ==== Ji {{q|ku|ni-}} ("[[jêr]]") + {{q|ku|dan}} ("[[danîn]]"). Ji {{ji|ira}}, hevreha {{q|ku|nihan}}, {{q|ku|nihênî}}, herwiha farisî {{g|fa|نهادن|tr=nihaden|w=[[niximandin]], [[veşartin]]}}, avestayî ''ni-datey-'' ("[[danîn]]"). ==== Bi zaravayên kurdî ==== * {{Z|zza}}: {{W-|zza|nayene}}, {{W-|zza|nayîş}} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|ficken}} * {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|گاییدن}}, {{W+|fa|نهادن|guman=erê}} * {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fa|baiser}}, {{W+|fa|niquer}} * {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|fuck}}, {{W+|en|bang}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|sikmek}}, {{W+|tr|düzmek}}, {{W+|tr|mücamaa}} {{werger-bin}} === Navdêr === {{ku-tewîn-nav|niyan|mê}} {{navdêr|ku|z=m}} # {{f|ku|argo}} {{bêmane|ku}} #* {{bêmînak|ku}} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|baise|m}} * {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|fucking}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|sikişme}}, {{W+|tr|sikme}} {{werger-bin}} 5mqn346m5b566fkkzt6gqabagac036g 6234267 6234266 2026-05-08T04:12:58Z Ghybu 1393 /* Lêker */ 6234267 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{ku-kîte}} === Lêker === {{ku-tewîn-lk|niyan|form=gerguhêz|niha=n|borî=niya}} {{lêker|ku|c=x-gh}} # {{f|ku|argo}} [[gan]], [[gan]] kirin, [[seks]] kirin #* {{bêmînak|ku}} ==== Bi alfabeyên din ==== * {{ku-ar|نیان}} ==== Herwiha ==== {{kol3|ku | nan<id:niyan><q:lêker> | tênan | nayin | tênayin }} ==== Jê ==== {{kol3|ku | danan | danîn | nayî | nêr | nêrî | niyayî | tê nan | venan }} ==== Etîmolojî ==== Ji {{q|ku|ni-}} ("[[jêr]]") + {{q|ku|dan}} ("[[danîn]]"). Ji {{ji|ira}}, hevreha {{q|ku|nihan}}, {{q|ku|nihênî}}, herwiha farisî {{g|fa|نهادن|tr=nihaden|w=[[niximandin]], [[veşartin]]}}, avestayî ''ni-datey-'' ("[[danîn]]"). ==== Bi zaravayên kurdî ==== * {{Z|zza}}: {{W-|zza|nayene}}, {{W-|zza|nayîş}} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|ficken}} * {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|گاییدن}}, {{W+|fa|نهادن|guman=erê}} * {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fa|baiser}}, {{W+|fa|niquer}} * {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|fuck}}, {{W+|en|bang}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|sikmek}}, {{W+|tr|düzmek}}, {{W+|tr|mücamaa}} {{werger-bin}} === Navdêr === {{ku-tewîn-nav|niyan|mê}} {{navdêr|ku|z=m}} # {{f|ku|argo}} {{bêmane|ku}} #* {{bêmînak|ku}} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|baise|m}} * {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|fucking}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|sikişme}}, {{W+|tr|sikme}} {{werger-bin}} 2bwmcsrs16ezf5q7je9pu30jma6yvpn 6234269 6234267 2026-05-08T04:18:28Z Ghybu 1393 /* Werger */ 6234269 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{ku-kîte}} === Lêker === {{ku-tewîn-lk|niyan|form=gerguhêz|niha=n|borî=niya}} {{lêker|ku|c=x-gh}} # {{f|ku|argo}} [[gan]], [[gan]] kirin, [[seks]] kirin #* {{bêmînak|ku}} ==== Bi alfabeyên din ==== * {{ku-ar|نیان}} ==== Herwiha ==== {{kol3|ku | nan<id:niyan><q:lêker> | tênan | nayin | tênayin }} ==== Jê ==== {{kol3|ku | danan | danîn | nayî | nêr | nêrî | niyayî | tê nan | venan }} ==== Etîmolojî ==== Ji {{q|ku|ni-}} ("[[jêr]]") + {{q|ku|dan}} ("[[danîn]]"). Ji {{ji|ira}}, hevreha {{q|ku|nihan}}, {{q|ku|nihênî}}, herwiha farisî {{g|fa|نهادن|tr=nihaden|w=[[niximandin]], [[veşartin]]}}, avestayî ''ni-datey-'' ("[[danîn]]"). ==== Bi zaravayên kurdî ==== * {{Z|zza}}: {{W-|zza|nayene}}, {{W-|zza|nayîş}} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|ficken}} * {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|گائیدن|tr=gâ'idan}}, {{W+|fa|گاییدن|tr=gâyidan}} * {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fa|baiser}}, {{W+|fa|niquer}} * {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|fuck}}, {{W+|en| screw}}, {{W+|en|bang}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|sikmek}}, {{W+|tr|düzmek}}, {{W+|tr|mücamaa}} {{werger-bin}} === Navdêr === {{ku-tewîn-nav|niyan|mê}} {{navdêr|ku|z=m}} # {{f|ku|argo}} {{bêmane|ku}} #* {{bêmînak|ku}} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|baise|m}} * {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|fucking}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|sikişme}}, {{W+|tr|sikme}} {{werger-bin}} rrlh3sewhj4hapqavj3cpkhdm2cosuh besimîn 0 22784 6234257 6124436 2026-05-08T03:51:51Z Ghybu 1393 /* Lêker */ 6234257 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{ku-kîte}} === Lêker === {{ku-tewîn-lk-niha|besimîn|form=negerguhêz|niha=besim}} {{lêker|ku|c=x-ngh}} # [[bişirîn]], [[girnijîn]], [[bişkurîn]] #* {{bêmînak|ku}} ==== Tewîn ==== : [[-besim-]] ==== Bi alfabeyên din ==== * {{ku-ar|به‌سمین}} ==== Têkildar ==== * [[besimandin]] * [[tebesim]] ==== Jê ==== * [[besimer]] * [[besimî]] * [[besimok]] * [[tebesim]] ==== Etîmolojî ==== Ji {{ji|ar|ku|بسم}} (beseme: [[bişirîn]], [[girnijîn]]) ku herwiha serekaniya peyva [[tebesim]] e jî. ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|fa}}: {{W-|fa|لبخندزدن}}, {{W-|fa|تبسم کردن}}, {{W+|fa|لبخند زدن}} * {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|smile}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|gülümsemek}} {{werger-bin}} === Navdêr === {{ku-tewîn-nav|besimîn|mê}} {{navdêr|ku|z=m}} # [[bişir]], [[girnij]], [[bişkur]] #* {{bêmînak|ku}} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|smile}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|gülümseme}}, {{W+|tr|tebessüm}} {{werger-bin}} 29yueyj3cvtdmoe3zfbebc3h448161a Şablon:ku-tewîn-lk-niha 10 22788 6234238 6070761 2026-05-08T02:35:35Z Ghybu 1393 6234238 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{| class="wikitable tablo-flip" border="1" style="width:22em; background-color:white;" ! colspan="5" align=center bgcolor="#FFFFE0" style="font-size:85%;" | Tewandina lêkera ''{{{1|{{PAGENAME}}}}}'' |- ! rowspan="4" |<tt>{{ş-kurtenav|RP.|Raweya pêşkerî}}</tt><br>Niha ! colspan="2" style="font-size:85%; text-align:center; background-color:#FFFFE0;" |[[yekjimar|Yekjimar]] ! colspan="2" style="font-size:85%; text-align:center; background-color:#FFFFE0;" |[[pirrjimar|Pirrjimar]] |- | ez | width="35%" | {{#invoke:ku-tewandin|tew|dem=indPresent|kes=s1|}} | em | width="35%" | {{#invoke:ku-tewandin|tew|dem=indPresent|kes=p1}} |- | tu | width="35%" | {{#invoke:ku-tewandin|tew|dem=indPresent|kes=s2}} | hûn | width="35%" | {{#invoke:ku-tewandin|tew|dem=indPresent|kes=p2}} |- | ew | width="35%" | {{#invoke:ku-tewandin|tew|dem=indPresent|kes=s3}} | ew | width="35%" | {{#invoke:ku-tewandin|tew|dem=indPresent|kes=p3}} |- | colspan="5" style="text-align:center; background-color:#white;" | Ji bo hemû formên din:<br/> [[Wêne:1rightarrow.png|15px|link=]] {{#if:{{{tewandinên din|}}}|[[Tewandin:{{{tewandinên din}}}]]|[[Tewandin:{{PAGENAME}}]]}} |- |}</includeonly><noinclude> {{belgekirin}} [[Kategorî:Şablonên lêkeran ({{navê zimanî|ku}})| ]] </noinclude> s0fd9azktyc6b3hahp746upvgjng5bf bişişîn 0 22791 6234258 6124437 2026-05-08T03:53:07Z Ghybu 1393 /* Lêker */ 6234258 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{ku-kîte}} === Lêker === {{ku-tewîn-lk-niha|bişişîn|form=negerguhêz|niha=bişiş}} [[Wêne:Iraqi girl smiles.jpg|thumb|200px|Ev keçik dibişişe bêyî ku devê xwe veke.]] {{lêker|ku|c=x-ng}} # [[bişirîn]], [[bişkurrîn]], [[mizicîn]], [[kenîn]], [[bêdeng]] [[kenîn]], [[kêfxweşî]] li [[rû]]yî [[diyar]] bûn #* {{bêmînak|ku}} # {{kontrol|rêz=erê|[[girnijîn]]}} ==== Herwiha ==== * [[beşişîn]] ==== Tewîn ==== : -girrnij- ==== Têkildar ==== * [[bişişandin]] ==== Jê ==== * [[bişişer]] * [[bişişî]] * [[bişişiyayî]] * [[bişişok]] ==== Etîmolojî ==== Ji {{qertaf|ku|bişiş|în}}. ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|glimlag}} * {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|lächeln}} * {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|mousc'hoarzhin}} * {{Z|bg}}: [[усмихвам|усмихвам се]] (usmikhzam se) * {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|usmát se}}, {{W+|cs|usmívat se}} * {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|senyum}} * {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|rideti}} * {{Z|fa}}: {{W-|fa|تبسم کردن}}, {{W+|fa|لبخند زدن}} * {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|hymyillä}} * {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|sourire}} * {{Z|gn}}: {{W-|gn|pukavy}} * {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|glimlachen}} * {{Z|en}}: to {{W+|en|smile}} * {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|微笑む|tr=ほほえむ, hohoemu}} * {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|subridere}} * {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|šypsotis}} * {{Z|pl}}: [[uśmiechać]] się * {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|sorrir}} * {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|zâmbi}} * {{Z|ru}}: [[улыбаться]] (ulybát’sja) * {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|nasmehniti se}} * {{Z|es}}: {{W-|es|sonreir}} * {{Z|sv}}: {{W-|sv|le#Swedish}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|gülümsemek}}, {{W-|tr|tebesüm}}, {{W-|tr|gülümseyiş}}, {{W-|tr|tebesüm etmek}}, {{W+|tr|tebessüm etmek|guman=erê}} * {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|osmijeh}} * {{Z|uk}}: [[посміхатися]] (posmikhatysja) * {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|cười}} {{werger-bin}} igm6kc68ckuvph8jy25yrg307pyil4h 6234259 6234258 2026-05-08T03:53:21Z Ghybu 1393 /* Lêker */ 6234259 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{ku-kîte}} === Lêker === {{ku-tewîn-lk-niha|bişişîn|form=negerguhêz|niha=bişiş}} [[Wêne:Iraqi girl smiles.jpg|thumb|200px|Ev keçik dibişişe bêyî ku devê xwe veke.]] {{lêker|ku|c=x-ngh}} # [[bişirîn]], [[bişkurrîn]], [[mizicîn]], [[kenîn]], [[bêdeng]] [[kenîn]], [[kêfxweşî]] li [[rû]]yî [[diyar]] bûn #* {{bêmînak|ku}} # {{kontrol|rêz=erê|[[girnijîn]]}} ==== Herwiha ==== * [[beşişîn]] ==== Tewîn ==== : -girrnij- ==== Têkildar ==== * [[bişişandin]] ==== Jê ==== * [[bişişer]] * [[bişişî]] * [[bişişiyayî]] * [[bişişok]] ==== Etîmolojî ==== Ji {{qertaf|ku|bişiş|în}}. ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|glimlag}} * {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|lächeln}} * {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|mousc'hoarzhin}} * {{Z|bg}}: [[усмихвам|усмихвам се]] (usmikhzam se) * {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|usmát se}}, {{W+|cs|usmívat se}} * {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|senyum}} * {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|rideti}} * {{Z|fa}}: {{W-|fa|تبسم کردن}}, {{W+|fa|لبخند زدن}} * {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|hymyillä}} * {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|sourire}} * {{Z|gn}}: {{W-|gn|pukavy}} * {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|glimlachen}} * {{Z|en}}: to {{W+|en|smile}} * {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|微笑む|tr=ほほえむ, hohoemu}} * {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|subridere}} * {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|šypsotis}} * {{Z|pl}}: [[uśmiechać]] się * {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|sorrir}} * {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|zâmbi}} * {{Z|ru}}: [[улыбаться]] (ulybát’sja) * {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|nasmehniti se}} * {{Z|es}}: {{W-|es|sonreir}} * {{Z|sv}}: {{W-|sv|le#Swedish}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|gülümsemek}}, {{W-|tr|tebesüm}}, {{W-|tr|gülümseyiş}}, {{W-|tr|tebesüm etmek}}, {{W+|tr|tebessüm etmek|guman=erê}} * {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|osmijeh}} * {{Z|uk}}: [[посміхатися]] (posmikhatysja) * {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|cười}} {{werger-bin}} elu61j6k3oaqt4s6sarlctpfo2q5ppa 6234260 6234259 2026-05-08T03:53:41Z Ghybu 1393 /* Lêker */ 6234260 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{ku-kîte}} === Lêker === {{ku-tewîn-lk-niha|bişişîn|form=negerguhêz|niha=bişiş}} [[Wêne:Iraqi girl smiles.jpg|thumb|200px|Ev keçik '''dibişişe''' bêyî ku devê xwe veke.]] {{lêker|ku|c=x-ngh}} # [[bişirîn]], [[bişkurrîn]], [[mizicîn]], [[kenîn]], [[bêdeng]] [[kenîn]], [[kêfxweşî]] li [[rû]]yî [[diyar]] bûn #* {{bêmînak|ku}} # {{kontrol|rêz=erê|[[girnijîn]]}} ==== Herwiha ==== * [[beşişîn]] ==== Tewîn ==== : -girrnij- ==== Têkildar ==== * [[bişişandin]] ==== Jê ==== * [[bişişer]] * [[bişişî]] * [[bişişiyayî]] * [[bişişok]] ==== Etîmolojî ==== Ji {{qertaf|ku|bişiş|în}}. ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|glimlag}} * {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|lächeln}} * {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|mousc'hoarzhin}} * {{Z|bg}}: [[усмихвам|усмихвам се]] (usmikhzam se) * {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|usmát se}}, {{W+|cs|usmívat se}} * {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|senyum}} * {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|rideti}} * {{Z|fa}}: {{W-|fa|تبسم کردن}}, {{W+|fa|لبخند زدن}} * {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|hymyillä}} * {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|sourire}} * {{Z|gn}}: {{W-|gn|pukavy}} * {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|glimlachen}} * {{Z|en}}: to {{W+|en|smile}} * {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|微笑む|tr=ほほえむ, hohoemu}} * {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|subridere}} * {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|šypsotis}} * {{Z|pl}}: [[uśmiechać]] się * {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|sorrir}} * {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|zâmbi}} * {{Z|ru}}: [[улыбаться]] (ulybát’sja) * {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|nasmehniti se}} * {{Z|es}}: {{W-|es|sonreir}} * {{Z|sv}}: {{W-|sv|le#Swedish}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|gülümsemek}}, {{W-|tr|tebesüm}}, {{W-|tr|gülümseyiş}}, {{W-|tr|tebesüm etmek}}, {{W+|tr|tebessüm etmek|guman=erê}} * {{Z|bo}}: {{W-|bo|osmijeh}} * {{Z|uk}}: [[посміхатися]] (posmikhatysja) * {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|cười}} {{werger-bin}} s3hm6acsqku6s9b5x48s9iq6peqckgg Wîkîferheng:ceribandin 4 23016 6234224 6230451 2026-05-08T00:56:48Z Ghybu 1393 6234224 wikitext text/x-wiki : [[Modul:ku-tewandin/tablo/ceribandin]] {{#invoke:ku-tewandin|tew|dem=IndPresent.s1}} {{ku-tewandin/ceribandin|karîn|form=negerguhêz|niha=kar|borî=karî}} {{#invoke:ku-tewandin/ceribandin|get_comma_separated_forms|niha=kev|borî=ket}} ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- {{ku-tewîn-lk/ceribandin|ketin|pêşgir=ra|form=gerguhêz|niha=kev|niha2=ab|niha3=ck|borî=ket}} <!--{{ku-tewandin/ceribandin|ketin|form=negerguhêz|niha=kev|borî=ket}}--> 3bqvcm6f1q1gltdbn2hddfdslq0gswf 6234225 6234224 2026-05-08T00:57:46Z Ghybu 1393 6234225 wikitext text/x-wiki : [[Modul:ku-tewandin/tablo/ceribandin]] {{#invoke:ku-tewandin|tew|form=gerghuhêz|dem=IndPresent.s1|niha=kev|borî=ket}} {{ku-tewandin/ceribandin|karîn|form=negerguhêz|niha=kar|borî=karî}} {{#invoke:ku-tewandin/ceribandin|get_comma_separated_forms|niha=kev|borî=ket}} ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- {{ku-tewîn-lk/ceribandin|ketin|pêşgir=ra|form=gerguhêz|niha=kev|niha2=ab|niha3=ck|borî=ket}} <!--{{ku-tewandin/ceribandin|ketin|form=negerguhêz|niha=kev|borî=ket}}--> 36yblki40cxsnqfb5jlx71omw4saqr3 6234226 6234225 2026-05-08T00:59:26Z Ghybu 1393 6234226 wikitext text/x-wiki : [[Modul:ku-tewandin/tablo/ceribandin]] {{#invoke:ku-tewandin|tew|form=gerguhêz|dem=IndPresent.s1|niha=kev|borî=ket}} {{ku-tewandin/ceribandin|karîn|form=negerguhêz|niha=kar|borî=karî}} {{#invoke:ku-tewandin/ceribandin|get_comma_separated_forms|niha=kev|borî=ket}} ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- {{ku-tewîn-lk/ceribandin|ketin|pêşgir=ra|form=gerguhêz|niha=kev|niha2=ab|niha3=ck|borî=ket}} <!--{{ku-tewandin/ceribandin|ketin|form=negerguhêz|niha=kev|borî=ket}}--> nbmy3hely0uh0wbt286r2mp6t9disy0 6234228 6234226 2026-05-08T01:27:33Z Ghybu 1393 6234228 wikitext text/x-wiki : [[Modul:ku-tewandin/tablo/ceribandin]] {{şablon:ceribandin|form=gerguhêz|niha=kev|borî=ket}} {{ku-tewandin/ceribandin|karîn|form=negerguhêz|niha=kar|borî=karî}} {{#invoke:ku-tewandin/ceribandin|get_comma_separated_forms|niha=kev|borî=ket}} ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- {{ku-tewîn-lk/ceribandin|ketin|pêşgir=ra|form=gerguhêz|niha=kev|niha2=ab|niha3=ck|borî=ket}} <!--{{ku-tewandin/ceribandin|ketin|form=negerguhêz|niha=kev|borî=ket}}--> qvy03azlq8en7x8dm1qg0z9uonn0a0h rojbaş 0 24160 6234281 5899261 2026-05-08T11:41:52Z ~2026-27761-30 14922 Werger: +swêdî : [[goddag]] (bi alîkarî) 6234281 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-rojbaş.wav|Deng|dever=Bidlîs}} === Baneşan === {{baneşan|ku}} # [[silav]]a [[roj]]ê, <br>[[silav]]a ku mirov ji kesekî re dibêje dema ku bi [[roj]] wê / wî [[dîtin|dibîne]] yan [[xatir]] jê dixwaze<br> (li demên din jî dikare bê bikaranîn, bi taybetî li [[spêde]]yan) #* {{bêmînak|ku}} ==== Herwiha ==== * [[roj baş]] ==== Bide ber ==== * [[êvarbaş]] * [[spêdebaş]] * [[şevbaş]] ==== Jê ==== * [[rojbaşî]] ==== Etîmolojî ==== Ji {{pêk|ku|roj|baş}}. ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|guten Tag}}, {{W-|de|guten morgen}} * {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|dobrý den}} * {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|goddag}} * {{Z|hy}}: [[բարի օր]] (bari or) * {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|bonan tagon}} * {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|روز خوش}} * {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|hyvää päivää}}, {{W+|fi|päivää}} * {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|bonjour}} * {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|good day}}, {{W+|en|good afternoon}}, {{W+|en|bonjour}}, {{W+|en|greeting|guman=erê}} * {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|buongiorno}} * {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|góðan daginn}} * {{Z|ja}}: [[こんにちは]] (konnichiwa) * {{Z|lv}}: {{W+|lv|labdien}} * {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|jó napot}} * {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|dzień dobry}} * {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|bom dia}} * {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|добрый день}} * {{Z|sh}}: {{W-|sh|dobar dan}} * {{Z|sh}}: {{W-|sh|добар дан}}, {{W-|sh|dobar dan}} * {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|buenos días}} * {{Z|sw}}: {{W-|sw|god dag}} * {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|goddag}} * {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|magandang umaga}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|iyi günler}}, {{W+|tr|bonjur}}, {{W+|tr|günaydın}}, {{W-|tr|sabahlar hayrolsun}}, {{W+|tr|günaydın!|guman=erê}} * {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|добрий день}} {{werger-bin}} == {{ziman|zza}} == === Navdêr === {{navdêr|zza}} # [[rojbaş]] #* {{bêmînak|zza}} 9y46fqwqxuiphqafh8jg0g2p5axxzrp domîn 0 27721 6234273 6230276 2026-05-08T10:11:15Z ~2026-27926-02 14920 Werger: +swêdî : [[fortsätta]] (bi alîkarî) 6234273 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{ku-kîte}} === Lêker === {{lêker|ku|c=x-ngh}} # [[vekêşan]], [[berdewam]] bûn, [[dewam]] kirin, [[bi dawî hatin|bi dawî nehatin]], wek [[berê]] man #* {{bêmînak|ku}} ==== Bi alfabeyên din ==== * {{ku-ar|دۆمین}} ==== Herwiha ==== * [[doman]] * [[domiyan]] ==== Tewîn ==== :-dom- ==== Têkildar ==== * [[domandin]] ==== Etîmolojî ==== Ji {{qertaf|ku|dom|-în}}. ==== Jê ==== * [[domiyayî]] ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|andauern}}, {{W|de|dauern}} * {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|استمر|guman=erê}} * {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|ادامه یافتن}} * {{Z|fi}}: {{W|fi|jatkue}} * {{Z|fr}}: se [[continuer]] * {{Z|en}}: [[continue]] (''intransitive''), {{W|en|abide}}, {{W|en|run on}} * {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|fortsätta}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|abide}}, {{W|tr|sürme}}, {{W|tr|sürmek}} {{werger-bin}} === Navdêr === {{ku-tewîn-nav|domîn|mê}} {{navdêr|ku|z=m}} # {{bêwate}} #* {{bêmînak|ku}} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} {{werger-bin}} mgu7ikc0ef1j2w3xzvizewfy8nz9fk8 reqem 0 29843 6234209 6234012 2026-05-07T20:45:58Z Bikarhêner 3719 /* */ bi [[MediaWiki:Gadget-AjaxEdit.js|AjaxEdit]]ê re 6234209 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{ku-IPA}} * {{ku-kîte}} === Navdêr === {{ku-tewîn-nav|reqem|mê}} {{navdêr|ku|z=m}} # {{bêmane|ku}} #: {{hevmane|ku|jimare|hejmar|jimar|nimre|micar}} #* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=ismê te ye mektûb-i di dîwanê qidem da</br>Herfek qelemê 'ilm-i bi teqwîmê '''reqem''' da</br>Eşkal û xetên da'ireya nuqteyê 'ilm in}} #* {{bêmînak|ku}} ==== Jê ==== {{kol3|ku | bêreqem | bêreqemî | bireqem | reqemdar | reqemdarî | reqemnas | reqemnasî | reqemî }} ==== Etîmolojî ==== Ji {{ji|ar|ku|رَقَم}}. ==== Anagram ==== * {{anagram|ku|a=eemqr|qemer|mereq}} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|af}}: {{W+|af|aantal}} * {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Zahl|f}}, {{W+|de|Anzahl|f}} * {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|tal}}, {{W+|da|antal}} * {{Z|ar}}: {{W+|ar|رقم|guman=erê}} * {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|nombro}} * {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|رقم}}, {{W+|fa|عدد}} * {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|tal}} * {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|numero}}, {{W+|fi|luku}} * {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|nombre}} * {{Z|fy}}: {{W-|fy|tal}}, {{W-|fy|oantal}} * {{Z|gu}}: {{W+|gu|સંખ્યા}} * {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|संख्या|f}} * {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|aantal}}, {{W+|nl|tal}}, {{W+|nl|getal}} * {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|מספר|cuda=מִסְפָּר}}, {{W+|he|המון|cuda=הָמון}}, {{W+|he|רב|cuda=רֹב}} * {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|nombro}} * {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|number}}, {{W+|en|amount}} * {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|numero}} * {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|nombre}} * {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|szám}} * {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|nummer}} * {{Z|pap}}: {{W-|pap|konta}} * {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|número}} * {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|número|m}} * {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|antal}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|numara}}, {{W+|tr|rakam}} * {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|αθροίζω}} * {{Z|zu}}: {{W+|zu|inamba}} {{werger-bin}} 0ygetkraf6s3ho5je0nar2dhg75l4lo numare 0 29845 6234204 4134277 2026-05-07T20:41:46Z Bikarhêner 3719 /* */ bi [[MediaWiki:Gadget-AjaxEdit.js|AjaxEdit]]ê re 6234204 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Navdêr === {{navdêr|ku|z=m}} # {{guharto|ku|nimre}} 7s97hmy4nwt26tumw8vyhfy8us5i5rg hero 0 30988 6234283 6082694 2026-05-08T11:57:47Z ~2026-27761-30 14922 Werger: +swêdî : [[varje dag]] (bi alîkarî) 6234283 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Hoker === {{hoker|ku}} # [[her]] [[roj]], [[kîj]] [[roj]] be, [[rojane]], [[hemû]] [[roj]] #:''Em '''hero''' dixebitin.'' (Ti roj nîne ku em kar nekin.) #* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Ehmedê Xanî/Mem û Zîn}}|jêgirtin=Têk berdine baxî wan wekî teyr</br>Da em bikirin '''hero''' li wan seyr</br>Xelqê ko xezal û gor û xergûş}} ==== Bi alfabeyên din ==== * {{ku-ar|هەرۆ}} ==== Herwiha ==== * [[heroj]] * [[her roj]] * [[herro]] * [[herroj]] ==== Jê ==== * [[heroyî]] ==== Etîmolojî ==== Ji {{pêk|ku|her|roj}}. ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|taglich|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|täglich|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|tagtäglich|guman=erê}} * {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|هرروز}}, {{W|fa|همه روز}}, {{W|fa|مر روز|guman=erê}} * {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|everyday}}, {{W|en|every day}}, {{W|en|daily}}, {{W|en|day-to-day}} * {{Z|sv}}: {{W-|sv|varje dag}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|gündüzleri|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|günü gününe|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|her gün|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|tanrının günü|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|tanrı'nın günü|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|yevmiye|guman=erê}} {{werger-bin}} == {{ziman|sq}} == === Navdêr === {{navdêr|sq|z=n}} # {{g|ku|qehreman}}, {{g|ku|leheng}}, {{g|ku|pehlewan}} #* {{bêmînak|sq}} === Çavkanî === {{rûpela wergerê|sq|qehreman}} == {{ziman|en}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{IPA|en|/hɪɹoʊ/}} * {{deng|en|en-us-hero.ogg|dever=DYA}} * {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-hero.wav|Deng|dever=Teksas, DYA}} * {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Grendelkhan-hero.wav|Deng|dever=Connecticut, DYA}} === Navdêr === {{navdêr|en|p=heroes|m=heroine}} # [[gernas]], [[egîd]], [[fêris]], [[çeleng]], [[palewan]], [[qehreman]], [[leheng]] #* {{bêmînak|en}} == {{ziman|ceb}} == === Navdêr === {{navdêr|ceb}} # {{g|ku|qehreman}}, {{g|ku|leheng}}, {{g|ku|pehlewan}} #* {{bêmînak|ceb}} === Çavkanî === {{rûpela wergerê|ceb|qehreman}} byy2g0ojaax78ujlu0wbyutjbm0uosp nizam 0 39216 6234278 6124687 2026-05-08T10:36:59Z ~2026-27926-02 14920 Werger: +swêdî : [[jag vet inte]] (bi alîkarî) 6234278 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{ku-kîte}} === Lêker === {{lêker|ku|c=}} # {{f|ku|devkî}} [[ez]] [[ni-|ni]][[zanîn|zanim]], min hay / aga jê nîne #* {{bêmînak|ku}} ==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ==== * {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Ji Wadiyê-eymenê dilber<br />'''Nizam''' enguştek izhar kir}} ==== Bide ber ==== * [[nîzam]] * [[nazim]] * [[nezm]] * [[nizm]] ==== Têkildar ==== * [[çuzam]] ==== Etîmolojî ==== [[ni-]] + [[zanîn]] + [[-im]] ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|en}}: [[I dunno]], [[I]] [[don't]] [[know]], {{W+|en|dunno|guman=erê}} * {{Z|sv}}: {{W-|sv|jag vet inte}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|bilmem}}, {{W-|tr|neymiş|guman=erê}} {{werger-bin}} == {{ziman|tr}} == === Navdêr === {{navdêr|tr}} # [[sazûman]], [[pergal]], [[rêzan]], [[nîzam]] #* {{bêmînak|tr}} ji34vvluzyas2a435eg96m4v8c3xafv 6234279 6234278 2026-05-08T10:37:12Z ~2026-27926-02 14920 Werger: +swêdî : [[jag venne]] (bi alîkarî) 6234279 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{ku-kîte}} === Lêker === {{lêker|ku|c=}} # {{f|ku|devkî}} [[ez]] [[ni-|ni]][[zanîn|zanim]], min hay / aga jê nîne #* {{bêmînak|ku}} ==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ==== * {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Ji Wadiyê-eymenê dilber<br />'''Nizam''' enguştek izhar kir}} ==== Bide ber ==== * [[nîzam]] * [[nazim]] * [[nezm]] * [[nizm]] ==== Têkildar ==== * [[çuzam]] ==== Etîmolojî ==== [[ni-]] + [[zanîn]] + [[-im]] ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|en}}: [[I dunno]], [[I]] [[don't]] [[know]], {{W+|en|dunno|guman=erê}} * {{Z|sv}}: {{W-|sv|jag vet inte}}, {{W-|sv|jag venne}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|bilmem}}, {{W-|tr|neymiş|guman=erê}} {{werger-bin}} == {{ziman|tr}} == === Navdêr === {{navdêr|tr}} # [[sazûman]], [[pergal]], [[rêzan]], [[nîzam]] #* {{bêmînak|tr}} qpc8o6izde6a0guv9iprc3gz9qtvgo1 destavêtin 0 47139 6234191 6136023 2026-05-07T12:58:30Z ~2026-27653-64 14914 /* Bilêvkirin */ 6234191 wikitext text/x-wiki {{bnr-h|dest avêtin}} == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{ku-kîte}} êrîşa zayendî - destdirêjkirin dest avêtina karekî: alîkarî destavêtina mirovekî: zayendî === Navdêr === {{ku-tewîn-nav|destavêtin|mê}} {{navdêr|ku|z=m}} # {{wate?}} #* {{bêmînak|ku}} ==== Etîmolojî ==== Ji {{qertaf|ku|dest|avêtin}}. ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} {{werger-bin}} 4ura17idk4x0p4zcmorxp6cjokqf65x dest avêtin 0 47140 6234198 5915905 2026-05-07T14:54:20Z Ghybu 1393 /* Lêker */ 6234198 wikitext text/x-wiki {{bnr-h|destavêtin}} == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{ku-IPA}} === Lêker === {{lêker|ku|c=h-gh}} # [[dest]]ê xwe [[gihandin]] tiştekî #* {{bêmînak|ku}} # tiştek [[hilgirtin]] #* {{bêmînak|ku}} # [[dest pê kirin]] #* {{bêmînak|ku}} ==== Herwiha ==== * [[dest avêştin]]ê * [[dest avêjtin]]ê * [[dest havêjtin]]ê * [[dest havêştin]]ê * [[dest havêtin]]ê * [[dest avîtin]]ê * [[dest havîtinê]] ==== Jê ==== * ''Navdêr:'' [[destavêtin]]ê ==== Etîmolojî ==== Ji {{heve|ku|dest|avêtin}}. ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|anfassen}}, {{W|de|berühren}} * {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|دست انداختن}}, {{W+|fa|تجاوز کردن}}, {{W+|fa|تجاوز}}, {{W+|fa|دست درازی}} * {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|rampage}}, {{W|en|start}}, {{W|en|reach}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|sarkıntılık}}, {{W+|tr|yapışma}}, {{W+|tr|el atmak}}, {{W+|tr|sataşmak}}, {{W+|tr|sarkıntılık yapmak}}, {{W+|tr|taciz}}, {{W+|tr|ağırlığını koymak}}, {{W+|tr|çizmeleri çekmek}}, {{W+|tr|iskele almak}}, {{W+|tr|saldırmak}}, {{W+|tr|sarkıntılık etmek}}, {{W+|tr|üstünden geçmek}}, {{W|tr|el sürmek|guman=erê}} {{werger-bin}} 2oa8n00a5cadxoxa5lgc7mbj8i0wrj0 kupîn 0 55225 6234261 6125125 2026-05-08T03:54:23Z Ghybu 1393 /* Lêker */ 6234261 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{ku-kîte}} === Lêker === {{ku-tewîn-lk-niha|kupîn|form=negerguhêz|niha=kup}} {{lêker|ku|c=x-ngh}} # Rûyê tiştekî ber bi derva xwe ve xwar bûn, rûyê tiştekî ber bi derva xwe derketin yan werimîn. Bi taybetî ji bo amûrên metal û hesin tê bikaranîn. #* Beroşa me ji ser sobeyê ket erde û kupîya. Birê min jî rabû bi mîrkut beroş rast kir. #* Qemyona ku firêna wê teqiya li dîwar qelibî. Dîwar xwera bû û qaputê qemyonê jî kupiya. ==== Tewîn ==== ''Lêker'': :-kup- ==== Bide ber ==== * [[tebiqîn]] * [[deviqîn]] ==== Jê ==== * [[kupîyayî]] * [[kupandin]] ==== Etîmolojî ==== {{etîmolojî?}} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|en}}: to {{W+|en|protuberate}}, to {{W+|en|bulge out}}, to {{W+|en|project}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|yumrulanmak}}, {{W+|tr|şişmek}} {{werger-bin}} pz9e0fdvm41h8wjl581snzazqwmbccs tebiqîn 0 55226 6234262 6125126 2026-05-08T03:54:46Z Ghybu 1393 /* Lêker */ 6234262 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{ku-kîte}} === Lêker === {{ku-tewîn-lk-niha|tebiqîn|form=negerguhêz|niha=tebiqîn}} {{lêker|ku|c=x-ngh}} # Ber bi hendirê xwe ve xwar bûn, ber bi valahiya binê xwe ve xwar bûn yan jî [[çal]] bûn yan jî ketin, [[hilweşîyan]], [[kumişîn]]. Ji bo amûrên metalîk bi wateya xwarbûnê tê bikaranîn #* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Li bajarê Zonguldaka Tirkiyeyê, kana madeneke taybet '''tebiqî''', karekerekî jiyana xwe ji dest da 1 jî birîndar bû.|Kana madenê tebiqî: 1 mir, 1 birîndar bû, aknews.com, 25/03/2010}} #* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Di welatê di bin nîrê dagirkeriyê de her tişt xwar û kirêt e. Lewheyên '''tebiqî''', cihên xwe li ser ziman û mejiyê mirovên wî welatî vekiriye!|Ji bo xatirê hevalê minê ko her êvar evîndar dibe, nefel.com, 28/06/2005}} ==== Bi alfabeyên din ==== * {{ku-ar|ته‌بقین}} ==== Tewîn ==== ''Lêker'': :-tebiq- ==== Herwiha ==== * [[deviqîn]] ==== Bide ber ==== * [[kupîn]] ==== Jê ==== * [[tebiqandî]] * [[tebiqandin]] ==== Etîmolojî ==== {{bêetîmolojî}} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|en}}: to {{W+|en|collapse}}, to {{W+|en|fall down}}, to {{W+|en|cave in}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|çökmek}}, {{W+|tr|göçmek}}, {{W-|tr|vıcıklaşmak}}, {{W+|tr|çökme}} {{werger-bin}} === Navdêr === {{ku-tewîn-nav|tebiqîn|mê}} {{navdêr|ku|z=m}} # {{bêwate}} #* {{bêmînak|ku}} ==== Etîmolojî ==== {{bêetîmolojî}} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} {{werger-bin}} oqcd4rx5tg4iqygm80gamstgvlzw8mh eded 0 55857 6234222 5577056 2026-05-07T23:08:05Z Ghybu 1393 /* Etîmolojî */ 6234222 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{IPA|ku|/ɛˈdɛd/}} * {{ku-kîte}} === Navdêr === {{ku-tewîn-nav|eded|mê}} {{navdêr|ku|z=m}} # [[lib]], [[heb]], [[çendanî]], [[miqdar]], [[mêjer]], [[hejmar]], [[kantîte]], [[kemiyet]], [[jimar]] #* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Her yekî westabû tê de çendî sal<br>Lê ''''eded''' mes-pare 'ilmê Layezal.|[[w:Mela Hisênê Bateyî]]}} ==== Herwiha ==== * [[aded]] * [[edad]] ==== Bide ber ==== * [[edet]] * [[ebed]] ==== Etîmolojî ==== Ji {{deyn|ar|ku|عَدَد}}. ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Menge}}, {{W|de|Quantität}}, {{W|de|Quantum}} * {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|величина}} * {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|množství}} * {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|كمية|f}}, {{W|ar|مقدار|m}}, {{W|ar|عدد|guman=erê}} * {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|kvanto}} * {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|کمیت}}, {{W+|fa|چندی}}, {{W+|fa|مقدار}}, {{W+|fa|عادت}}, {{W+|fa|شماره}}, {{W+|fa|عدد|guman=erê}} * {{Z|fo}}: {{W+|fo|mongd}} * {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|määrä}} * {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|quantité}} * {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|hoeveelheid}}, {{W+|nl|kwantiteit}}, {{W+|nl|boel}}, {{W+|nl|grootheid}}, {{W+|nl|sterkte}} * {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|quanteso}}, {{W+|io|quanto}} * {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|quantity}}, {{W+|en|amount}} * {{Z|ja}}: {{W|ja|量|tr=ryō}} * {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|quantitat}} * {{Z|ko}}: {{W|ko|양|R=yang}} * {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|jumlah}} * {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|összeg}} * {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|beløp}} * {{Z|pap}}: {{W+|pap|kantidat}} * {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|quantidade}} * {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|număr}} * {{Z|ru}}: {{W|ru|величина|f}} * {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|cantidad}} * {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|каммият}}, {{W+|tg|чандӣ}}, {{W+|tg|бузургӣ}}, {{W+|tg|миқдор}} * {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|halagá}}, {{W+|tl|kabuuán}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|nicelik}}, {{W+|tr|bolluk}}, {{W+|tr|adet}}, {{W+|tr|sayı}}, {{W+|tr|kemmiyet}}, {{W+|tr|kantite}}, {{W+|tr|kemiyet}} * {{Z|el}}: {{W|el|ποσότητα|f}} {{werger-bin}} pzup8yi1txniwjtm2nkt3bwj3fdf9ve 6234223 6234222 2026-05-07T23:09:30Z Ghybu 1393 /* Navdêr */ 6234223 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{IPA|ku|/ɛˈdɛd/}} * {{ku-kîte}} === Navdêr === {{ku-tewîn-nav|eded|mê}} {{navdêr|ku|z=m}} # {{bêmane|ku}} #: {{hevmane|ku|lib|heb|çendanî|miqdar|mêjer|hejmar|kantîte|kemiyet|jimar}} #* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Her yekî westabû tê de çendî sal<br>Lê ''''eded''' mes-pare 'ilmê Layezal.|[[w:Mela Hisênê Bateyî]]}} ==== Herwiha ==== * [[aded]] * [[edad]] ==== Bide ber ==== * [[edet]] * [[ebed]] ==== Etîmolojî ==== Ji {{deyn|ar|ku|عَدَد}}. ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Menge}}, {{W|de|Quantität}}, {{W|de|Quantum}} * {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|величина}} * {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|množství}} * {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|كمية|f}}, {{W|ar|مقدار|m}}, {{W|ar|عدد|guman=erê}} * {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|kvanto}} * {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|کمیت}}, {{W+|fa|چندی}}, {{W+|fa|مقدار}}, {{W+|fa|عادت}}, {{W+|fa|شماره}}, {{W+|fa|عدد|guman=erê}} * {{Z|fo}}: {{W+|fo|mongd}} * {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|määrä}} * {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|quantité}} * {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|hoeveelheid}}, {{W+|nl|kwantiteit}}, {{W+|nl|boel}}, {{W+|nl|grootheid}}, {{W+|nl|sterkte}} * {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|quanteso}}, {{W+|io|quanto}} * {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|quantity}}, {{W+|en|amount}} * {{Z|ja}}: {{W|ja|量|tr=ryō}} * {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|quantitat}} * {{Z|ko}}: {{W|ko|양|R=yang}} * {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|jumlah}} * {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|összeg}} * {{Z|no}}: {{W+|no|beløp}} * {{Z|pap}}: {{W+|pap|kantidat}} * {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|quantidade}} * {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|număr}} * {{Z|ru}}: {{W|ru|величина|f}} * {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|cantidad}} * {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|каммият}}, {{W+|tg|чандӣ}}, {{W+|tg|бузургӣ}}, {{W+|tg|миқдор}} * {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|halagá}}, {{W+|tl|kabuuán}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|nicelik}}, {{W+|tr|bolluk}}, {{W+|tr|adet}}, {{W+|tr|sayı}}, {{W+|tr|kemmiyet}}, {{W+|tr|kantite}}, {{W+|tr|kemiyet}} * {{Z|el}}: {{W|el|ποσότητα|f}} {{werger-bin}} 3d8ups9g8lfvmyb1brke4muevdmh6dz gemişîn 0 56639 6234263 6138276 2026-05-08T03:55:29Z Ghybu 1393 /* {{ziman|ku}} */ 6234263 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{ku-kîte}} === Lêker === {{ku-tewîn-lk-niha|gemişîn|form=negerguhêz|niha=gemiş}} {{lêker|ku|c=x-ngh}} # Di çarçoveya rêzikên vê wezîşê de; têkoşîn û hewildan bi rêya taktîk û hêza dest û milan bi armanca [[avêtin]]a [[erd]]ê ya rikeberê xwe. Yan jî bi armanca [[danîn]]a [[pişt]]a rikeberê xwe bo ser [[erd]]ê yan jî [[zemîn]]ê ji bo demeke kin. #* {{bêmînak|ku}} ==== Tewîn ==== : [[-gemiş-]] ==== Bi alfabeyên din ==== * {{ku-ar|گه‌مشین}} ==== Têkildar ==== * [[qebû kirin]] ==== Etîmolojî ==== {{bêetîmolojî}} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|en}}: to {{W|en|wrestle}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|güreşmek}}, {{W|tr|bayılmak}}, {{W|tr|bayılma}} {{werger-bin}} === Navdêr === {{ku-tewîn-nav|gemişîn|mê}} {{navdêr|ku|z=m}} # {{bêwate}} #* {{bêmînak|ku}} ==== Etîmolojî ==== {{bêetîmolojî}} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} {{werger-bin}} 0pqr8h46fcy2xqka2wftdhzesgvmmx7 Şablon:ceribandin 10 59112 6234227 6114653 2026-05-08T01:26:44Z Ghybu 1393 6234227 wikitext text/x-wiki <onlyinclude>{{#invoke:ku-tewandin|tew|dem=IndPresent.s1}}</onlyinclude><!-- -->{{documentation}} 4a1mfpa798abfihuli5629fy3ewe526 6234229 6234227 2026-05-08T01:32:14Z Ghybu 1393 6234229 wikitext text/x-wiki <onlyinclude>{{#invoke:ku-tewandin|tew|dem=IndPresent}}</onlyinclude><!-- -->{{documentation}} 09zaegdz123zga5uhjryp9y0r35kyp5 6234230 6234229 2026-05-08T01:34:55Z Ghybu 1393 6234230 wikitext text/x-wiki <onlyinclude>{{#invoke:ku-tewandin|tew|dem=indPresent}}</onlyinclude><!-- -->{{documentation}} nm71a1vnb1zqiwiq5ii9zpakzkvvkfd 6234232 6234230 2026-05-08T02:10:38Z Ghybu 1393 6234232 wikitext text/x-wiki <onlyinclude>{{#invoke:ku-tewandin|tew|dem=indPresent.s1}}</onlyinclude><!-- -->{{documentation}} 1q19ogrr2f1b6kzescvqicpi9n29623 6234233 6234232 2026-05-08T02:15:55Z Ghybu 1393 6234233 wikitext text/x-wiki <onlyinclude>{{#invoke:ku-tewandin|tew|dem=indPresent}}</onlyinclude><!-- -->{{documentation}} nm71a1vnb1zqiwiq5ii9zpakzkvvkfd 6234234 6234233 2026-05-08T02:22:24Z Ghybu 1393 6234234 wikitext text/x-wiki <onlyinclude>{{#invoke:ku-tewandin|tew|dem=indPresent|kes=s1}}</onlyinclude><!-- -->{{documentation}} 3kpjkhwa4x6ozkhj0sm6nwbz4afoj17 Bikarhêner:Ghybu/tewîn 2 60456 6234189 2928973 2026-05-07T12:47:20Z Ghybu 1393 6234189 wikitext text/x-wiki * (ê) [[pêjan]], [[veşarin]] (ez ê ve(<s>bi</s>)şêrim/vesêrim/vêşêrim), [[ristin]] (ez ê birêsim); (i) rûniştin (ez ê rûnim/ne ez rû(bi)nim) -(bi)-->tew-bi (?) * [[karîn]] na -->ni ---> tew-niha-na * [[anîn]] d --> t ---> tew-di * ([[karîn]]) [[kenîn]], [[şewitîn]], [[revîn]] (?) -î --> -iyam -->tew-iya * (bi) [[anîn]], [[ajotin]] * Not: (tu divêy'''î''' / diwêy'''î''') -- >> (tu divêy / diwêy) (?) *: fermanî: çêbike -->> çêke (bo peyvên pêkhatî "bi" na tê bikaranîn) (?) * herrîn (ez '''t'''errim) * Keniyan: IndPreterite (tu kenî / '''keniyayî''') = IndPerfect (tu keniyî / '''keniyayî''') (?) * Axivîn (Imperfect): ez diaxivîm / <s>ez diaxiviyam</s> ---- * [[Tewandin:dahtin]]: Dayê/n ne Daê/n :: Keyomerd: ''raweya fermanî ya yekjimar divê dayê ya pirjimar jî divê dayên be'' * [[Tewandin:hatin]] / [[Tewandin:çûn]] * [[Tewandin:gotin]] / [[Tewandin:çerîn]] :@Ferhengvan: Ew baş in lê ne tam li gor pêwîstiya tabloyeke ji "hatin" û yeke ji "çûn"ê re ne. Rehê "gotin"ê li gor devokan "-bêj-, -bê-, -vê-, -wê-" ye. Lê "hatin" û "çûn"ê di deman devokê de û heta di zimanê standard de jî rehên cuda bo raweyên cuda hene. Bo nimûne: ::fermanî, erênî: -her-: here, herin! ::îndîkatîv û subjunktîv (di hin devokan de): -ç-: di-ç-im, bi-ç-im, ne-ç-im ::îndîkatîva erênî dema niha di hin devokan de: -er- (bi pêşgira "t-"): t-er-im, t-er-î, t-er-e, t-er-in ::subjunktîva erênî û îndîkatîva dema bêt: -her-: ku ez her-im, eger tu her-î, bila ew her-in ::îndîkatîvî neyînî û sunjunktîva neyînî di hin devokan de: -r-: na-r-im, na-r-î, na-r-e, na-r-in, n-er-im, ne-r-î, ne-r-e, ne-r-in- * [[Tewandin:jîn]]: [[Gotûbêja tewandinê:jîn]] * [[Tewandin:danîn]]: [//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Tewandin:dan%C3%AEn&diff=3961743&oldid=3847493 raweya fermanî yekjimar ne rast e, divê bibe deyîne] quxt7ksvjvurcm8hmyye2l13smhhbwj 6234190 6234189 2026-05-07T12:48:00Z Ghybu 1393 6234190 wikitext text/x-wiki * (ê) [[pêjan]], [[veşarin]] (ez ê ve(<s>bi</s>)şêrim/vesêrim/vêşêrim), [[ristin]] (ez ê birêsim); (i) rûniştin (ez ê rûnim/ne ez rû(bi)nim) -(bi)-->tew-bi (?) * [[karîn]] na -->ni ---> tew-niha-na * [[anîn]] d --> t ---> tew-di * ([[karîn]]) [[kenîn]], [[şewitîn]], [[revîn]] (?) -î --> -iyam -->tew-iya * (bi) [[anîn]], [[ajotin]] * Not: (tu divêy'''î''' / diwêy'''î''') -- >> (tu divêy / diwêy) (?) *: fermanî: çêbike -->> çêke (bo peyvên pêkhatî "bi" na tê bikaranîn) (?) * herrîn (ez '''t'''errim) * Keniyan: IndPreterite (tu kenî / '''keniyayî''') = IndPerfect (tu keniyî / '''keniyayî''') (?) * Axivîn (Imperfect): ez diaxivîm / <s>ez diaxiviyam</s> ---- * [[Tewandin:dahatin]]: Dayê/n ne Daê/n :: Keyomerd: ''raweya fermanî ya yekjimar divê dayê ya pirjimar jî divê dayên be'' * [[Tewandin:hatin]] / [[Tewandin:çûn]] * [[Tewandin:gotin]] / [[Tewandin:çerîn]] :@Ferhengvan: Ew baş in lê ne tam li gor pêwîstiya tabloyeke ji "hatin" û yeke ji "çûn"ê re ne. Rehê "gotin"ê li gor devokan "-bêj-, -bê-, -vê-, -wê-" ye. Lê "hatin" û "çûn"ê di deman devokê de û heta di zimanê standard de jî rehên cuda bo raweyên cuda hene. Bo nimûne: ::fermanî, erênî: -her-: here, herin! ::îndîkatîv û subjunktîv (di hin devokan de): -ç-: di-ç-im, bi-ç-im, ne-ç-im ::îndîkatîva erênî dema niha di hin devokan de: -er- (bi pêşgira "t-"): t-er-im, t-er-î, t-er-e, t-er-in ::subjunktîva erênî û îndîkatîva dema bêt: -her-: ku ez her-im, eger tu her-î, bila ew her-in ::îndîkatîvî neyînî û sunjunktîva neyînî di hin devokan de: -r-: na-r-im, na-r-î, na-r-e, na-r-in, n-er-im, ne-r-î, ne-r-e, ne-r-in- * [[Tewandin:jîn]]: [[Gotûbêja tewandinê:jîn]] * [[Tewandin:danîn]]: [//ku.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Tewandin:dan%C3%AEn&diff=3961743&oldid=3847493 raweya fermanî yekjimar ne rast e, divê bibe deyîne] lupwtw1ispcd6jcjrn7tng8x0akvpfi گاییدن 0 61781 6234270 5046011 2026-05-08T04:19:02Z Ghybu 1393 /* Lêker */ 6234270 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|fa}} == === Bilêvkirin === : {{ku-tîp|gayîden}} === Lêker === {{lêker|fa|tr=gâyidan}} # [[gan]], [[tê nan]], [[tê kirin]], [[seks]] pê re kirin # [[nayîn]], [[niyan]], [[radan]], [[sing di ber de kutan]], [[sing di ber de kutan]] ==== Herwiha ==== * {{g|fa|گائیدن|tr=gaîden}} ==== Herwiha ==== * {{g|fa|بکن‌بکن|tr=bukun bukun}} * {{g|fa|سپوختن|tr=supûxten}} 08m3sw1hlesayyfsfh32kpngbooarpv dûvedirêj 0 179091 6234276 6065117 2026-05-08T10:34:24Z ~2026-27926-02 14920 Werger: +swêdî : [[långvarig]]; +swêdî : [[långsiktig]] (bi alîkarî) 6234276 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{ku-IPA}} * {{kîte|ku|dû|ve|di|rêj}} === Hoker === {{hoker|ku}} # tiştê ku di demeke dereng û nenêzîk de diqede #* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Hefteyek destûr xwestibû ji zankoya xwe, çûbû gundê xwe, welatê xwe, piştî serpêhatiyeke '''dûvedirêj''', ku têra ne hefteyekê, salekê nake, vegeriyabû Parîsê dîsa.|{{Jêgirtin/Mîran Janbar/Qolyeya Cecileê|r=42}}}} ==== Etîmolojî ==== {{bêetîmolojî}} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|دم دراز|guman=erê}} * {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|long-term}}, {{W|en|longlasting}} * {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|långvarig}}, {{W+|sv|långsiktig}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|uzun uzadıya}} {{werger-bin}} === Rengdêr === {{ku-tewîn-rd|dûvedirêj}} {{rengdêr|ku}} # [[sewal]]a ku [[boçik]]a wê [[dirêj]] e ==== Etîmolojî ==== {{bêetîmolojî}} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W-|tr|uzun kuyruklu}} {{werger-bin}} ma942zxsx1id53p9v1tivy3q8khowqy عدد 0 255398 6234220 6049064 2026-05-07T23:02:40Z Ghybu 1393 /* {{ziman|ar}} */ 6234220 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ar}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{deng|ar|Ar-عدد.ogg|Deng}} * {{deng|ar|LL-Q13955 (ara)-Spotless Mind1988-عدد.wav|Deng|dever=Batna, Cezayir}} * {{deng|ar|LL-Q13955 (ara)-Nehaoua-عدد.wav|Deng|dever=}} === Navdêr === {{navdêr|ar|عَدَد|z=n}} # [[jimar]], [[eded]], [[heb]] == {{ziman|fa}} == === Mane === # [[jimar]], [[eded]], [[heb]] === Bilêvkirin === * {{deng|fa|Fa-عدد.ogg|Deng}} * {{deng|fa|LL-Q9168 (fas)-Mazanin (مازنین)-عدد.wav|Deng|dever=Îran}} == {{ziman|ota}} == === Navdêr === {{navdêr|ota|tr=aded}} # [[hejmar#ku|hejmar]], [[jimare#ku|jimare]], [[reqem#ku|reqem]], [[nimre#ku|nimre]] == {{ziman|ps}} == === Navdêr === {{navdêr|ps|tr=adád|z=n}} # [[hejmar#ku|hejmar]], [[jimare#ku|jimare]], [[reqem#ku|reqem]], [[nimre#ku|nimre]] == {{ziman|ur}} == === Navdêr === {{navdêr|ur|tr='adad}} # [[hejmar#ku|hejmar]], [[jimare#ku|jimare]], [[reqem#ku|reqem]], [[nimre#ku|nimre]] my3g0vp2cvtrkxc2dx86mthu4oyjnev 6234221 6234220 2026-05-07T23:05:42Z Ghybu 1393 6234221 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ar}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{deng|ar|Ar-عدد.ogg|Deng}} * {{deng|ar|LL-Q13955 (ara)-Spotless Mind1988-عدد.wav|Deng|dever=Batna, Cezayir}} * {{deng|ar|LL-Q13955 (ara)-Nehaoua-عدد.wav|Deng|dever=}} === Navdêr === {{navdêr|ar|عَدَد|z=n}} # [[jimar]], [[eded]], [[heb]] #: {{hevmane|ar|رَقْم}} == {{ziman|fa}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{deng|fa|Fa-عدد.ogg|Deng}} * {{deng|fa|LL-Q9168 (fas)-Mazanin (مازنین)-عدد.wav|Deng|dever=Îran}} === Navdêr === {{navdêr|fa|tr=adad}} # [[jimar]], [[eded]], [[heb]] == {{ziman|ota}} == === Navdêr === {{navdêr|ota|tr=aded}} # [[hejmar#ku|hejmar]], [[jimare#ku|jimare]], [[reqem#ku|reqem]], [[nimre#ku|nimre]] == {{ziman|ps}} == === Navdêr === {{navdêr|ps|tr=adád|z=n}} # [[hejmar#ku|hejmar]], [[jimare#ku|jimare]], [[reqem#ku|reqem]], [[nimre#ku|nimre]] == {{ziman|ur}} == === Navdêr === {{navdêr|ur|tr='adad}} # [[hejmar#ku|hejmar]], [[jimare#ku|jimare]], [[reqem#ku|reqem]], [[nimre#ku|nimre]] iqt3qc98qrk7cjhigjkt49b87yu9ls3 rewtin 0 341846 6234246 6125755 2026-05-08T02:59:25Z Ghybu 1393 /* Lêker */ 6234246 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-rewtin.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}} * {{ku-kîte}} === Lêker === {{lêker|ku|c=}} # [[çûn]], [[herîn]], [[royîştin]] ==== Etîmolojî ==== {{bêetîmolojî|ku}} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} {{werger-bin}} h5fv85jtgwslk11x8ldbb9b96crny10 6234247 6234246 2026-05-08T03:01:22Z Ghybu 1393 /* Werger */ 6234247 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Ebulfîda-rewtin.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}} * {{ku-kîte}} === Lêker === {{lêker|ku|c=}} # [[çûn]], [[herîn]], [[royîştin]] ==== Etîmolojî ==== {{bêetîmolojî|ku}} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} {{werger-bin}} === Navdêr === {{ku-tewîn-nav|rewtin|mê}} {{navdêr|ku|z=m}} # {{bêmane|ku}} #* {{bêmînak|ku}} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} {{werger-bin}} i8bqd87ss82m3ba4c3f2ypjrarba1lx نهادن 0 442080 6234268 5056326 2026-05-08T04:14:12Z Ghybu 1393 /* Lêker */ 6234268 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|fa}} == === Lêker === {{lêker|fa|tr=nehâdan|niha=نه‎|nihatr=-neh-}} # [[danîn]] 8jydb1y3yq9uknwzxwv9fbdn3od8tzz Şablon:ku-tewandin 10 608995 6234218 6078024 2026-05-07T22:27:08Z Ghybu 1393 6234218 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="ku-tewandin/style.css"/><includeonly><!-- -->{{vegere|1={{{1|}}}|2={{{2|}}}}}<!-- =============== TABLO =================--> {{#invoke:ku-tewandin/tablo|tablo}}<!-- =============== BINÊRE ================--> {{#ifeq:{{{beşa_binêre|}}}|<!-- Beşa "Binêre" nayê nivîsandin -->| {{#ifeq:{{PAGESINCATEGORY:Tewandin:lêkerên hevedudanî yên {{navê zimanî|ku}} li gel "{{{1}}}"}}{{PAGESINCATEGORY:Tewandin:lêkerên pêkhatî yên {{navê zimanî|ku}} li gel "{{{1}}}"}}|00|| == Binêre == }} {{#ifeq:{{PAGESINCATEGORY:Tewandin:lêkerên hevedudanî yên {{navê zimanî|ku}} li gel "{{{1}}}"}}|0|| * [[:Kategorî:Tewandin:lêkerên hevedudanî yên {{navê zimanî|ku}} li gel "{{{1}}}"|Tewandin:lêkerên '''hevedudanî''' yên {{navê zimanî|ku}} li gel "'''{{{1}}}'''"]] }} {{#ifeq:{{PAGESINCATEGORY:Tewandin:lêkerên pêkhatî yên {{navê zimanî|ku}} li gel "{{{1}}}"}}|0|| * [[:Kategorî:Tewandin:lêkerên pêkhatî yên {{navê zimanî|ku}} li gel "{{{1}}}"|Tewandin:lêkerên '''pêkhatî''' yên {{navê zimanî|ku}} li gel "'''{{{1}}}'''"]] }} }}<!-- ======================================= KATEGORÎ ======================================= -->[[Kategorî:Tewandin:lêker ({{navê zimanî|ku}})]]<!-- -->{{#switch:{{{form}}}{{#if:{{{pêşgir|}}}|-pêşgir}}{{#if:{{{valahî|}}}|-valahî}} |gerguhêz= <!---->[[Kategorî:Tewandin:lêkerên xwerû ({{navê zimanî|ku}})]] <!---->[[Kategorî:Tewandin:lêkerên gerguhêz ({{navê zimanî|ku}})]] <!---->[[Kategorî:Tewandin:lêkerên xwerû yên gerguhêz ({{navê zimanî|ku}})]] |negerguhêz= <!---->[[Kategorî:Tewandin:lêkerên xwerû ({{navê zimanî|ku}})]] <!---->[[Kategorî:Tewandin:lêkerên negerguhêz ({{navê zimanî|ku}})]] <!---->[[Kategorî:Tewandin:lêkerên xwerû yên negerguhêz ({{navê zimanî|ku}})]] |gerguhêz-pêşgir= <!---->[[Kategorî:Tewandin:lêkerên pêkhatî ({{navê zimanî|ku}})]] <!---->[[Kategorî:Tewandin:lêkerên gerguhêz ({{navê zimanî|ku}})]] <!---->[[Kategorî:Tewandin:lêkerên pêkhatî yên gerguhêz ({{navê zimanî|ku}})]] <!---->[[Kategorî:Tewandin:lêkerên pêkhatî yên {{navê zimanî|ku}} li gel "{{str rep|{{{1}}}|{{{pêşgir}}}|}}"]] |negerguhêz-pêşgir= <!---->[[Kategorî:Tewandin:lêkerên pêkhatî ({{navê zimanî|ku}})]] <!---->[[Kategorî:Tewandin:lêkerên negerguhêz ({{navê zimanî|ku}})]] <!---->[[Kategorî:Tewandin:lêkerên pêkhatî yên negerguhêz ({{navê zimanî|ku}})]] <!---->[[Kategorî:Tewandin:lêkerên pêkhatî yên {{navê zimanî|ku}} li gel "{{str rep|{{{1}}}|{{{pêşgir}}}|}}"]] |gerguhêz-pêşgir-valahî= <!---->[[Kategorî:Tewandin:lêkerên hevedudanî ({{navê zimanî|ku}})]] <!---->[[Kategorî:Tewandin:lêkerên gerguhêz ({{navê zimanî|ku}})]] <!---->[[Kategorî:Tewandin:lêkerên hevedudanî yên gerguhêz ({{navê zimanî|ku}})]] <!---->[[Kategorî:Tewandin:lêkerên hevedudanî yên {{navê zimanî|ku}} li gel "{{str rep|{{{1}}}|{{{pêşgir}}} |}}"]] |negerguhêz-pêşgir-valahî= <!---->[[Kategorî:Tewandin:lêkerên hevedudanî ({{navê zimanî|ku}})]] <!---->[[Kategorî:Tewandin:lêkerên negerguhêz ({{navê zimanî|ku}})]] <!---->[[Kategorî:Tewandin:lêkerên hevedudanî yên negerguhêz ({{navê zimanî|ku}})]] <!---->[[Kategorî:Tewandin:lêkerên hevedudanî yên {{navê zimanî|ku}} li gel "{{str rep|{{{1}}}|{{{pêşgir}}} |}}"]] }}</includeonly><noinclude> {{belgekirin}} </noinclude> l7b7f99zxivmpps02qe3vk940h0o7wv hilspartin 0 609002 6234264 6153050 2026-05-08T03:56:03Z Ghybu 1393 /* Lêker */ 6234264 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|ku}} == === Bilêvkirin === * {{ku-kîte}} === Lêker === {{ku-tewîn-lk-niha|hilspartin|form=gerguhêz|niha=spêr|pêşgir=hil}} {{lêker|ku|c=p-gh}} # tiştek [[pal]] dan jora tiştekî, tiştek dan ber rasera tiştekî. # Xwe spartin jora tiştekî ==== Herwiha ==== * [[helsipartin]] * [[helspartin]] * [[hilsipartin]] ==== Tewîn ==== ''Lêker'': :hil-spêr- ==== Etîmolojî ==== {{bêetîmolojî}} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} * {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|dayamak}}, {{W+|tr|dayandırma}}, {{W+|tr|dayandırmak}}, {{W+|tr|isnat etmek}}, {{W+|tr|istinat etmek}}, {{W+|tr|yaslama}}, {{W+|tr|yaslamak}} {{werger-bin}} === Navdêr === {{ku-tewîn-nav|hilspartin|mê}} {{navdêr|ku|z=m}} # {{bêwate}} #: {{bêmînak}} ==== Etîmolojî ==== {{bêetîmolojî}} ==== Werger ==== {{werger-ser}} {{werger-bin}} b3fe73lkde2gvnpi2b0s54n4v67qeh7 Şablon:ku-tewîn-lk 10 612381 6234194 6077586 2026-05-07T13:34:03Z Ghybu 1393 modul 6234194 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Şablon:ku-tewîn-nav/style.css"/> <includeonly>{{#invoke:ku-tewandin/tew/ceribandin|tew}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{belgekirin}} </noinclude> pdrmpyjs5mjc1emntrnyc43dyej099n 6234214 6234194 2026-05-07T21:11:50Z Ghybu 1393 6234214 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Şablon:ku-tewîn-nav/style.css"/> <includeonly>{{#invoke:ku-tewandin/tabloGotar|tew}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{belgekirin}} </noinclude> gxy1cahqgae0xscn6xci0loqr2zd7yx Şablon:ku-tewîn-lk/belge 10 612382 6234195 6076718 2026-05-07T13:36:03Z Ghybu 1393 6234195 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Lua bikartîne|Modul:ku-tewandin|Modul:ku-tewandin/tabloGotar}} {{TemplateStyles|Şablon:ku-tewîn-nav/style.css}} {{agahdarî}} {{bilezkirî}} == Bikaranîn == <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext"> → Lêkerên xwerû: {{ku-tewîn-lk|lêker|form=gerguhêz/negerguhêz|niha=|niha2=|niha3=|borî=|borî2=}} → Lêkerên pêkhatî: {{ku-tewîn-lk|lêker|form=gerguhêz/negerguhêz|pêşgir=|paşgir=|niha=|niha2=|niha3=|borî=|borî2=}} → Lêkerên hevedudanî: {{ku-tewîn-lk|lêker|form=gerguhêz/negerguhêz|pêşgir=|paşgir=|valahî=erê|niha=|niha2=|niha3=|borî=|borî2=}} </syntaxhighlight> === Parametre === * {{param2|form}} "<u>gerguhêz</u>" an "<u>negerguhêz</u>" * {{param2|niha}} rehê dema niha ('''mînak''': {{param2|niha|kev}} bo lêkerên ''ketin'', ''raketin'', ''lê_ketin'', ...) * {{param2|borî}} rehê dema borî ('''mînak''': {{param2|borî|ket}} bo lêkerên ''ketin'', ''raketin'', ''lê_ketin'', ...) * {{param2|pêşgir}} bo lêkerên [[pêkhatî]] û [[hevedudanî]] ('''mînak''': ''{{reng2|blue|ra}}kirin'' {{param2|pêşgir|ra}}, ''{{reng2|blue|bang}} kirin'' {{param2|pêşgir|bang}}, ''{{reng2|blue|lê}} gerîn'' ({{param2|pêşgir|jê}}, ...) ** {{param2|valahî|erê}} bo lêkerên [[hevedudanî]] ('''mînak''': ''{{reng2|blue|bang}} kirin'', ''{{reng2|blue|lê}} gerîn'', ...) * {{param2|paşgir}} bo lêkerên [[hevedudanî]] ('''mînak''': ''[[dan dû]]'', ''[[girtin ser xwe]]'') ;Parametre bo pêşgirên {{nobold|(''bi-/di-/na-/ne-'')}} ku ne standard in * {{param2|bi}}, {{param2|di}}, {{param2|na}}, {{param2|ne}} : → ''Mînak ([[Tewandin:emilîn]])'': :<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline> {{ku-tewîn-lk|emilîn|form=negerguhêz|niha=emil|borî=emilî|bi=bi|na=na|ne=ne}} </syntaxhighlight> == Mînak == :→ [[Şablon:ku-tewandin#Mînak]] (şûnda <nowiki>{{</nowiki>'''ku-tewandin'''| → <nowiki>{{</nowiki>'''ku-tewîn-lk'''| binivîsin) * Lêkera pêkhatî ({{g|ku|raketin}} = {{reng2|blue|ra}} + ketin): :<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline> {{ku-tewîn-lk|raketin|form=negerguhêz|pêşgir=ra|niha=kev|borî=ket}} </syntaxhighlight> <div style="float:left"> {{ku-tewîn-lk|raketin|form=negerguhêz|pêşgir=ra|niha=kev|borî=ket}} </div> {{bend}} == Binêre == * {{şl|ku-tewandin}} * {{şl|ku-tewîn-reh}} * {{şl|tewandin}} * {{şl|ku-tewîn-nav}} * {{şl|ku-tewîn-rd}} * [[:Kategorî:Tewandin:lêker ({{navê zimanî|ku}})]] == TemplateData == <templatedata> { "description": "Şablona tewandinên lêkerên kurmancî", "params": { "1": { "label": "Navê lêkerê", "type": "string", "required": true, "autovalue": "{{subst:PAGENAME}}" }, "form": { "label": "Cure", "example": "\"gerguhêz\" an jî \"negerguhêz\"", "type": "string", "required": true, "suggestedvalues": [ "gerguhêz", "negerguhêz" ] }, "pêşgir": { "label": "Pêşgir", "example": "bo lêkerên pêkhatî û hevedudanî: raketin = 'ra' + 'ketin' (pêşgir = 'ra')", "type": "string" }, "valahî": { "label": "Valahî", "example": "erê (bo lêkerên hevedudanî: bang_kirin, jê_birin)", "type": "string" }, "niha": { "label": "rehê dema niha", "type": "string", "example": " 'kev' bo lêkerên 'ketin', 'rakatin', 'lê_ketin'", "required": true }, "niha2": { "label": "rehê dema niha 2" }, "niha3": { "label": "rehê dema niha 3" }, "borî": { "label": "rehê dema borî", "example": " 'ket' bo lêkerên 'ketin', 'rakatin', 'lê_ketin'", "required": true }, "borî2": { "label": "rehê dema borî 2" } } } </templatedata> <includeonly> [[Kategorî:Şablonên lêkeran ({{navê zimanî|ku}})| ]] </includeonly> fsn7uhgrdm5c1wu4nt49t33mj0huo5g Modul:ku-tewandin 828 628614 6234192 6229945 2026-05-07T13:31:31Z Ghybu 1393 zelaltir... 6234192 Scribunto text/plain -- Modula tewandina lêkerên kurmancî local export = {} -- Load irregular forms table -- local irreg = require('Module:ku-tewandin/dijrêzik') local langKu = require("Modul:languages").getByCode("ku") local link = require('Module:links').language_link local shallowCopy = require("Module:table/shallowCopy") local deepCopy = require("Module:table/deepCopy") -- ============================================================================= -- Pronouns in Kurmanji -- ============================================================================= export.order = {"s1", "s2", "s3", "p1", "p2", "p3"} export.pronouns = { s1 = "ez", p1 = "em", s2 = "tu", p2 = "hûn", s3 = "ew", p3 = "ew" } export.obliquePronouns = { s1 = "min", p1 = "me", s2 = "te", p2 = "we", s3 = "wê/wî", p3 = "wan" } -- Oblique pronoun (green) export.obliquePronounsGreen = { s1 = '<span style="color:green">min</span>', s2 = '<span style="color:green">te</span>', s3 = '<span style="color:green">wê/wî</span>', p1 = '<span style="color:green">me</span>', p2 = '<span style="color:green">we</span>', p3 = '<span style="color:green">wan</span>' } -- ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── -- 1) This function returns correct subject/agent pronoun, ergativity rule: -- - Transitive verbs in past tenses → oblique pronoun (green) = agent -- - All other cases → direct pronoun (no color) = subject -- 2) Also add the subjunctive prefix "(bila)" -- ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── function export.conjPronouns(stemType, mode, isTransitive) local pronouns = shallowCopy(export.pronouns) -- Ergativity in kurdish: transitive verbs that are conjugated with the past tense stem are -- conjugated according to the object, not the subject. -- Therefore, to have an ergative construction, -- the verb must be transitive and its stem must be the stem of the past tense. local isErgative = isTransitive and (stemType == 'past') -- If it's ergative, we use oblique pronouns: "min", "te", ... -- If it's not ergative, we use normal pronouns: "ez", "tu", ... if isErgative then pronouns = shallowCopy(export.obliquePronounsGreen) end -- For the subjunctive mood, we add "(bila)" at the beginning. if mode == 'subjunctive' then subjPrefix = '<span style="color:gray">(bila)</span>' for _, pers in ipairs(export.order) do pronouns[pers] = subjPrefix .. ' ' .. pronouns[pers] end end return pronouns end -- ============================================================================= -- VERBAL STRUCTURE IN THE INFINITIVE: -- Verbs in the infinitive appear in three main forms: -- 1) Simple verb (indivisible light verb): -- - ex.: "kirin", "çûn", "xwarin", ... -- 2) Verbs with preverbs (preverb + simple verb): -- - ex.: "rakirin" (ra- + kirin), "çêkirin" (çê- + kirin), "vexwarin" (ve- + xwarin), ... -- - Preverb verbs don't use the prefix "bi-" (ez ê rakim , ew ê rake , ...) -- 3) Compound verbs, construction with non-verbal element (the noun is not attached to the verb): -- - Left of the simple verb: "hez kirin" ("hez" + "kirin"), "li dar xistin" ("li dar" + "xistin"), ... -- - Right of the simple verb: "kirin der" ("kirin" + "der"), "girtin ser xwe" ("girtin" + "ser xwe"), ... -- - Compound verbs use the prefix "bi-" (ez ê hez bi-kim , ew ê hez bi-ke ) -- STRUCTURE: preSimpleVerb + spacing + simpleVerb + postSimpleVerb -- EX. kirin: preSimpleVerb=''; spacing=false; simpleVerb='kirin'; postSimpleVerb='' -- rakirin: preSimpleVerb='ra'; spacing=false; simpleVerb='kirin'; postSimpleVerb='' -- hez kirin: preSimpleVerb='hez'; spacing=true; simpleVerb='kirin'; postSimpleVerb='' -- pev çûn: preSimpleVerb='pev'; spacing=true; simpleVerb='çûn'; postSimpleVerb='' -- kirin der: preSimpleVerb=''; spacing=false; simpleVerb='kirin'; postSimpleVerb='der' -- WARNING: Conjugation can vary depending on the type of verb. -- For example, in the future tense,the prefix "bi" is used for compound verbs, -- but not for preverbal verbs, see the function that manages it "tenseClassification" table. -- This table does not yet support the mixed case: a verb composed of a noun and a preverb verb. -- ============================================================================= function export.verbType(isCompoundVerb, preSimpleVerb) local type if (preSimpleVerb and preSimpleVerb ~= '' and not isCompoundVerb) then type = 'preverbVerb' elseif isCompoundVerb then type = 'compoundVerb' else type = 'simpleVerb' end return type end -- ================================================================ -- INFLECTIONAL ENDINGS -- Assigns verb inflectional endings (suffixes) to all tenses -- ================================================================ local getEndings = {} do -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── -- Ending using present stem -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── getEndings['present'] = function(self, stem) local ends if mw.ustring.match(stem, '[aeêiîouû]$') then ends = {s1='m', s2='yî', s3='', p1='n', p2='n', p3='n'} else ends = {s1='im', s2='î', s3='e', p1='in', p2='in', p3='in'} end return ends end -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── -- Ind. preterite + ind. imperfect ending -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── getEndings['past'] = function(self, stem) local ends if mw.ustring.match(stem, '[aeêiouû]$') then ends = {s1='m', s2='yî', s3='', p1='n', p2='n', p3='n'} elseif mw.ustring.match(stem, 'î$') then if self.name == 'indImperfect' then -- special indicative ind. imperfect rule ends = {s1='yam', s2='yayî', s3='ya', p1='yan', p2='yan', p3='yan'} else ends = {s1='m', s2='', s3='', p1='n', p2='n', p3='n'} end else ends = {s1='im', s2='î', s3='', p1='in', p2='in', p3='in'} end return ends end -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── -- Compound endings with auxiliary "bûn" -- Inflectional endings are created by taking the different forms of the -- verb "bûn" (with present stem "-b-" and past stem "-bû-") and -- adding an "i-" prefix before them: "i-b-im", "i-bû-m", "i-bû-me", "i-bû-ma". -- This "i-" varies according to the final letter of the verb stem. -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── local function normalize_i(stem) local prfx_i = "i" if mw.ustring.match(stem, "ya$") or mw.ustring.match(stem, "[îû]$") then -- cf. karîn (-karî-) prfx_i = "" elseif mw.ustring.match(stem, '[aeêiou]$') then prfx_i = "yi" end return prfx_i end getEndings['ibim'] = function(self, stem) local prfx_i = normalize_i(stem) return { s1 = prfx_i .. "bim", p1 = prfx_i .. "bin", s2 = prfx_i .. "bî", p2 = prfx_i .. "bin", s3 = prfx_i .. "be", p3 = prfx_i .. "bin" } end getEndings['ibûm'] = function(self, stem) local prfx_i = normalize_i(stem) return { s1 = prfx_i .. "bûm", p1 = prfx_i .. "bûn", s2 = prfx_i .. "bûyî", p2 = prfx_i .. "bûn", s3 = prfx_i .. "bû", p3 = prfx_i .. "bûn" } end getEndings['ibûme'] = function(self, stem) local prfx_i = normalize_i(stem) return { s1 = prfx_i .. "bûme", p1 = prfx_i .. "bûne", s2 = prfx_i .. "bûyiye", p2 = prfx_i .. "bûne", s3 = prfx_i .. "bûye", p3 = prfx_i .. "bûne" } end getEndings['ibûma'] = function(self, stem) local prfx_i = normalize_i(stem) return { s1 = prfx_i .. "bûma", p1 = prfx_i .. "bûna", s2 = prfx_i .. "bûyayî", p2 = prfx_i .. "bûna", s3 = prfx_i .. "bûya", p3 = prfx_i .. "bûna" } end -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── -- Ind. perfect ending. -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── getEndings['ime'] = function(self, stem) local ends if mw.ustring.match(stem, '[aeêiîouû]$') then ends = {s1="me", s2="yî", s3="ye", p1="ne", p2="ne", p3="ne"} else ends = {s1="ime", s2="iyî", s3="iye", p1="ine", p2="ine", p3="ine"} end return ends end -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── -- Subj. Imperfect ending. -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── getEndings['ama'] = function(self, stem) local ends if mw.ustring.match(stem, 'î$') then ends = {s1="yama", s2="yayî", s3="yaya", p1="yana", p2="yana", p3="yana"} elseif mw.ustring.match(stem, '[aeêiîouû]$') then ends = {s1="ma", s2="yayî", s3="ya", p1="na", p2="na", p3="na"} else ends = {s1="ama", s2="ayî", s3="a", p1="ana", p2="ana", p3="ana"} end return ends end end -- ============================================================================= -- RULES FOR PREVERBS: "bi-" and "di-" -- There are two preverbs: "bi-" and "di-". These preverbs can change form -- depending on the first letters of the verb’s present stem or past stem. -- ============================================================================= local getPreverb = {} do getPreverb['bi'] = function (opts) local opts = opts or {} local stem = opts.stem local verbType = opts.verbType local overrideBi = opts.overrideBi -- Preverb verbs don't use the preverb "bi-": ra-kirin (ez ê rakim), ve-xwarin (ez ê vexwim) , ... -- But compound verb and simple verbs use it: hez kirin (ez ê hez bi-kim), lê bigirin (ez ê lê bi-girim), ... if (verbType == 'preverbVerb') then return '' end if overrideBi then return overrideBi end -- if irreg.dijrezikBi[stem] then return irreg.dijrezikBi[stem] end -- Modification of the preverbe "bi-" according to the last letter of the stem. if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^[aeêiîouû]') then return 'b' end return 'bi' end getPreverb['di'] = function (opts) local opts = opts or {} local stem = opts.stem local overrideDi = opts.overrideDi if overrideDi then return overrideDi end -- if irreg.dijrezikDi[stem] then return irreg.dijrezikDi[stem] end -- Modification of the preverbe "di-" according to the last letter of the stem. if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^[ai]') then return 'd' end -- Ex. hatin : stem = -ê- // ez têm if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^[êî]') then return 't' end return 'di' end end -- ============================================================================= -- RULES FOR NEGATION PREFIXES: "na-" and "ne-" -- There are two negation prefixes: "na-" and "ne-". These preverbs can change -- form depending on the first letters of the verb’s present stem or past stem. -- ============================================================================= local getNegPrefix = {} do getNegPrefix['na'] = function (opts) local opts = opts or {} local stem = opts.stem local overrideNa = opts.overrideNa if overrideNa then return '<b>' .. overrideNa .. '</b>' end -- if irreg.dijrezikNa[stem] then return irreg.dijrezikNa[stem] end -- Add sufix "-y" before certain vowels. if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^[eêiîouû]') then return '<b>nay</b>' end -- Elision before stems beginning with "a-" (removal of the final "-e"). if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^a') then return '<b>n</b>' end -- Tîpa duyem "-a-" ye (k-a-rîn, z-a-nîn, ...) if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^%wa') then return '<b>ni</b>' end return '<b>na</b>' end getNegPrefix['ne'] = function (opts) local opts = opts or {} local stem = opts.stem local tenseName = opts.tenseName local impNegForm = opts.impNegForm local overrideNe = opts.overrideNe if overrideNe then return '<b>' .. overrideNe .. '</b>' end -- if irreg.dijrezikNe[stem] then return irreg.dijrezikNe[stem] end local negPrefix = 'ne' -- There are two forms of construction of the imperative, -- one with the prefix "me-" and the other with the prefix "ne-". if (tenseName == 'impPresent') then negPrefix = (impNegForm == 2) and 'ne' or 'me' end -- Add sufix "-y" before certain vowels. if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^[eêiîouû]') then return '<b>' .. negPrefix .. 'y</b>' end -- Elision before stems beginning with "a-" (removal of the final "-e"). if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^a') then negPreFix = mw.ustring.sub(negPrefix, 1, -2) return '<b>' .. negPrefix .. '</b>' end return '<b>' .. negPrefix .. '</b>' end end -- ============================================================================= -- Standardization of the PREVERBAL PARTICLE -- The proverbial particle "ê" is placed after the personal pronoun. -- ============================================================================= -- If there are no verbal preparticles, return empty table. local function getPreverbParticules(preverbParticle, typeStem, isTransitive) if not preverbParticle then return {s1='', s2='', s3='', p1='', p2='', p3=''} end if preverbParticle == 'ê' then local isErgative = isTransitive and (typeStem == 'past') -- When the personal pronoun ends in a vowel, a "y-" is added before "ê". -- If it's ergative, we use oblique pronouns: "min", "te", ... if isErgative then return {s1='ê', s2='yê', s3='yê', p1='yê', p2='yê', p3='ê'} else return {s1='ê', s2='yê', s3='ê', p1='ê', p2='ê', p3='ê'} end end -- If the verbal preparticle is identical for all pronouns, -- we create a table with the same value. local preverbParticles = {} for _, pers in ipairs(export.order) do preverbParticles[pers] = preverbParticle end return preverbParticles end -- ============================================================================= -- RULES FOR CONSTRUCTING EACH VERB TENSE -- This table lists, for each verb tense, what elements are required to form it: -- - Verb conjugation is built by placing either the preverb "bi-" or "di-" before -- the verb stem (past or present), followed by a personal ending. -- - For the negative form, one of the prefixes "na-" or "ne-" is added as well. -- - In some cases, a preverbal particle such as /ê/ or /dê/ is added before -- the conjugated verb as well. -- Not: - The "negPreverb" (preverb (bi-/di-) for negative tenses) parameter has a -- value different from "nil" only for the Imperfect tense ("negPreverb=di"). -- - The parameter "negPrefix=na" is used only for the present indicative. -- -- Preverb "di", used in: "indPresent"(present stem), "indImperfect"(past stem) -- - Bo neyînî: pêşgira "di-" tenê di nav dema "IndImperfect" de tê bikaranîn. -- Preverb "bi", used in: "indFuture"(present stem), "subPresent"(present stem), -- "subImperfect"(past stem) = "condPresent"(past stem) -- - The prefix "bi-" isn't used in negative forms. -- -- Present stem, used in: "indPresent"(di)(na), -- "indFuture"(bi)(ne) = "subPresent"(bi)(ne) -- -- Past stem, used in: "indPreterite"(-)(ne), "indImperfect"(di)(ne), "indPluperfect"(-)(ne), -- "indPerfect"(-)(ne), "indNCPluperfect"(-)(ne), "indFuturePerfect"(-)(ne), -- "subPreterite"(-)(ne), -- "subImperfect"(bi)(ne) = "condPresent"(bi)(ne), -- "subPluperfect"(-)(ne) = "condPreterite"(-)(ne) -- ============================================================================= -- Some conjugations are identical except that they differ only in the preverbal particle (/ê/, /dê/). -- So, to avoid repeating the same information (and thus risking errors), -- we establish the common part shared between these verbs. local commonRules = { indFuture = { stem = "present", preverb = getPreverb['bi'], negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['present'] }, indFuturePerfect = { stem = "past", preverb = nil, negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['ibim'] }, subImperfect = { stem = "past", preverb = getPreverb['bi'], negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['ama'] }, subPluperfect = { stem = "past", preverb = nil, negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['ibûma'] } } local mt = { __index = function(t, k) local common = t._common if common then return common[k] end end } -- TENSE AND MOOD CLASSIFICATION TABLE export.tenseClassification = { -- IMPERATIVE MOOD impPresent = setmetatable({ name = "impPresent", nameKu = "raweya fermanî", nameEn = "present imperative", mode = "imperative", _common = commonRules.indFuture, preverbParticle = nil }, mt), -- INDICATIVE MOOD indPresent = { name = "indPresent", nameKu = "dema niha", nameEn = "present", mode = "indicative", stem = "present", preverb = getPreverb['di'], negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['na'], endings = getEndings['present'], preverbParticle = nil }, indPreterite = { name = "indPreterite", nameKu = "raboriya sade", nameEn = "simple past", mode = "indicative", stem = "past", preverb = nil, negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['past'], preverbParticle = nil }, indImperfect = { name = "indImperfect", nameKu = "raboriya berdest", nameEn = "Imperfect", mode = "indicative", stem = "past", preverb = getPreverb['di'], negPreverb = getPreverb['di'], negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['past'], preverbParticle = nil }, indPluperfect = { name = "indPluperfect", nameKu = "raboriya dûr", nameEn = "pluperfect", mode = "indicative", stem = "past", preverb = nil, negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['ibûm'], preverbParticle = nil }, indFuture = setmetatable({ name = "indFuture", nameKu = "dema bê", nameEn = "future", mode = "indicative", _common = commonRules.indFuture, preverbParticle = 'ê' }, mt), indFuturePerfect = setmetatable({ name = "indFuturePerfect", nameKu = "dahatiya pêş", nameEn = "future perfect", mode = "indicative", _common = commonRules.indFuturePerfect, preverbParticle = 'ê' }, mt), -- In some books, the "perfect" and "nonconfirmative pluperfect" tenses -- are classified in the "inferential mood" ("moda neşahidî"). -- Currently we classify them using the indicative mood (at the end). indPerfect = { name = "indPerfect", nameKu = "raboriya dûdar", nameEn = "perfect", mode = "indicative", stem = "past", preverb = nil, negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['ime'], preverbParticle = nil }, indNCPluperfect = { name = "indNCPluperfect", nameKu = "çîrokiya boriya dûdar", nameEn = "nonconfirmative pluperfect", mode = "indicative", stem = "past", preverb = nil, negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['ibûme'], preverbParticle = nil }, -- SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD subPresent = setmetatable({ name = "subPresent", nameKu = "dema nihaya xwestekî", nameEn = "present subjunctive", mode = "subjunctive", _common = commonRules.indFuture, preverbParticle = nil }, mt), subPreterite = setmetatable({ name = "subPreterite", nameKu = "dema boriya xwestekî", nameEn = "preterite subjunctive", mode = "subjunctive", _common = commonRules.indFuturePerfect, preverbParticle = nil, }, mt), subImperfect = setmetatable({ name = "subImperfect", nameKu = "raboriya bilaniyê", nameEn = "imperfect subjunctive", mode = "subjunctive", _common = commonRules.subImperfect, preverbParticle = nil, }, mt), subPluperfect = setmetatable({ name = "subPluperfect", nameKu = "raboriya dûr a bilaniyê", nameEn = "pluperfect subjunctive", mode = "subjunctive", _common = commonRules.subPluperfect, preverbParticle = nil }, mt), -- CONDITIONAL MOOD condPresent = setmetatable({ name = "condPresent", nameKu = "çîrokiya dema nihaya mercî", nameEn = "present conditional", mode = "conditional", _common = commonRules.subImperfect, preverbParticle = 'ê' }, mt), condPreterite = setmetatable({ name = "condPreterite", nameKu = "dema boriya mercî", nameEn = "preterite conditional", mode = "conditional", _common = commonRules.subPluperfect, preverbParticle = 'ê' }, mt), } -- ============================================================================= -- MAIN CONJUGATION FUNCTOIN -- This function returns an array containing the conjugation table for a given -- tense as well as other information about the conjugated verb. -- ============================================================================= function export.conjugate(opts) opts = opts or {} -- Required parameters local tense = opts.tense or error("'tense' required", 2) --One of the two parameters is required: -- - If the tense uses the present stem, indicate "presentStem". -- - If it uses the past stem, indicate "pastStem". local presentStem = opts.presentStem local pastStem = opts.pastStem -- Optional parameters local isTransitive = opts.isTransitive or false -- Indicate if the verb is transitive (true/false) local isNegative = opts.isNegative or false -- Indicate if it's the negative form (true/false) local isCompoundVerb = opts.isCompoundVerb or false -- Indicate if it's a compound verb (true/false) local preSimpleVerb = opts.preSimpleVerb or '' -- The part before the simple verb local postSimpleVerb = opts.postSimpleVerb or '' -- The part after the simple verb -- These parameters are provided when the verb is irregular. -- Allows you to manually modify preverbs ("bi-"" or "di-") -- and negation prefixes ("na-" or "ne-") local overrideBi = opts.overrideBi or nil local overrideDi = opts.overrideDi or nil local overrideNa = opts.overrideNa or nil local overrideNe = opts.overrideNe or nil -- By default, the negation of the imperative is constructed from the prefix "me-"". -- To obtain the second variant, the prefix with "ne-", you must specify "impNegForm=2". local impNegForm = opts.impNegForm or nil -- Access to the classification table and retrieval of verb tense parameters local infoTense = deepCopy(export.tenseClassification[tense], 'copy') or false -- We check that this tense is indeed in table "tenseClassification". if (not infoTense) then return '<span style="color:red">Unknown tense: ' .. tense ..'</span>' end -- We check that one of the two parameters of the stem is given if (infoTense.stem == 'present' and not presentStem) then return '<span style="color:red">presentStem parameter required</span>' elseif (infoTense.stem == 'past' and not pastStem) then return '<span style="color:red">pasttStem parameter required</span>' end -- Choice between the present stem or past stem local stem = (infoTense.stem == 'present') and presentStem or pastStem --──────────────────────────── -- Conjugation construction -- -- ─────────────────────────── local preverb = '' local negPrefix = '' -- Ruturns the verb type: "simpleVerb" or "preverbVerb" or "compoundVerb" local verbType = export.verbType(isCompoundVerb, preSimpleVerb) if isNegative then negPrefix = infoTense.negPrefix{stem=stem, tenseName=tense, impNegForm=impNegForm, overrideNa=overrideNa, overrideNe=overrideNe} if infoTense.negPreverb then preverb = infoTense.negPreverb{stem=stem, verbType=verbType, overrideBi=overrideBi, overrideDi=overrideDi} end else if infoTense.preverb then preverb = infoTense.preverb{stem=stem, verbType=verbType, overrideBi=overrideBi, overrideDi=overrideDi} end end infoTense.conj = {} local spacing = isCompoundVerb and ' ' or '' local endings = infoTense:endings(stem) local preverbParticles = getPreverbParticules(infoTense.preverbParticle, infoTense.stem, isTransitive) local isErgative = isTransitive and (infoTense.stem == 'past') -- Creating the conjugation table for a given tense for _, pers in ipairs(export.order) do local ending = '' local conjSimbleVerb = '' local conjVerb = '' if isErgative then ending = endings.s3 else ending = endings[pers] end -- Adding space after the preverbal particle local preverbParticle = preverbParticles[pers] if preverbParticle ~= '' then preverbParticle = preverbParticle .. ' ' end conjSimbleVerb = negPrefix .. preverb .. stem .. ending -- Adding prefixe and suffixe conjVerb = preSimpleVerb .. spacing .. conjSimbleVerb .. postSimpleVerb -- Spelling correction(îy -> iy) conjVerb = mw.ustring.gsub(conjVerb, 'îy', 'iy') -- Add a link conjVerb = link{term=conjVerb, lang=langKu} -- Addition of the preverbal particle infoTense.conj[pers] = preverbParticle .. conjVerb end -- Imperative if (infoTense.name == 'impPresent') then infoTense.conj.s1 = nil infoTense.conj.s2 = infoTense.conj.s3 infoTense.conj.s3 = nil infoTense.conj.p1 = nil --infoTense.conj.p2 = infoTense.conj.p2 infoTense.conj.p3 = nil end return infoTense end -- ============================================================================= -- END -- ============================================================================= -- ADDITIONAL STEM OF THE PAST AND PRESENT (pastStem2, ... and presentStem2, ...) -- This function does nothing more than add additional parameters for verb stems -- in the past and present tenses. -- Conjugations for the different stems will be separated by "/" -- ============================================================================= function export.conjugateLong(baseOpts, tense, presentStems, pastStems) local opts = baseOpts or {} opts.tense = tense or nil local presentStems = presentStems or {} local pastStems = pastStems or {} local infoTense = deepCopy(export.tenseClassification[tense], 'copy') or false -- We check that this tense is indeed in table "tenseClassification". if not infoTense then return '<span style="color:red">Unknown tense: ' .. tense ..'</span>' end local stems = (infoTense.stem == 'present') and presentStems or pastStems -- For each verb stem, its conjugation table is calculated and stored in conjTabs. local conjTabs = {} for i = 1, #stems do if stems[i] then if (infoTense.stem == 'past') then opts.pastStem = stems[i] end if (infoTense.stem == 'present') then opts.presentStem = stems[i] end local conj = export.conjugate(opts).conj table.insert(conjTabs, conj) end end -- We concatenate each row of the conjugation tables. local concatConjTabs = {} for _, pers in ipairs(export.order) do local frag = {} for i = 1, #conjTabs do local val = conjTabs[i][pers] if val then table.insert(frag, tostring(val)) end end concatConjTabs[pers] = table.concat(frag, " / ") end infoTense.conj = concatConjTabs return infoTense end -- ==================================================================================== -- VERB CONUGATION IN ALL TENSES WITH PRONOUMS -- ==================================================================================== function export.conjugateAllTenses(baseOpts, presentStems, pastStems, negation) local opts = baseOpts or {} if negation == 'negative' then opts.isNegative = true end -- Concatenation of pronouns and conjugated verbs local function concatPronomsVerbs(pronoms, conjVerbs) local concatTab = {} for _, pers in ipairs(export.order) do concatTab[pers] = pronoms[pers] .. ' ' .. conjVerbs[pers] end return concatTab end -- Returns the list of verb tenses local tenseList = {} for _, tense in pairs(export.tenseClassification) do table.insert(tenseList, tense.name) end -- Conjugation in all tenses tab = {} for _, tense in ipairs(tenseList) do local infoTense = deepCopy(export.tenseClassification[tense], 'copy') tab[tense] = deepCopy(export.conjugateLong(opts, tense, presentStems, pastStems), 'copy') -- No pronoun for the imperative mood if tense ~= 'impPresent' then local pronoms = deepCopy(export.conjPronouns(infoTense.stem, infoTense.mode, opts.isTransitive)) tab[tense].conj = concatPronomsVerbs(pronoms, tab[tense].conj) end end return tab end -- ==================================================================================== -- GET COMMMA SEPARED FORMS -- ==================================================================================== function export.get_comma_separated_forms(frame) local args = frame:getParent().args local opts = { presentStem = frame.args['niha'], pastStem = frame.args['borî'], isTransitive = false, isNegative = false, isCompoundVerb = frame['valahî'] or false, preSimpleVerb = frame['pêşgir'] or '', postSimpleVerb = frame['paşgir'] or '', overrideBi = frame['bi'] or nil, overrideDi = frame['di'] or nil, overrideNa = frame['na'] or nil, overrideNe = frame['na'] or nil, impNegForm = nil, } local function removeTags(tag) tag = mw.ustring.gsub(tag, '%[%[(.+)%|(.+)%]%]', '%2') tag = mw.ustring.gsub(tag, '<b>(.+)</b>', '%1') tag = mw.ustring.gsub(tag, '<span(.*)>(.*)</span>', '%2') return tag end local function concateList(tenseList) local concatList = {} for _, pers in ipairs({"s1", "s2", "s3", "p1"}) do tense = removeTags(tenseList[pers]) -- Remove tags table.insert(concatList, tense) end return table.concat(concatList, ",") end local tenseList = {'indPresent','indPreterite','indImperfect', 'indPluperfect','indPerfect','indNCPluperfect', 'indFuture','indFuturePerfect', 'subImperfect','subPluperfect' } local concatAllTense = {} for i = 1, #tenseList do local tense = tenseList[i] if export.tenseClassification[tense] then opts.tense = tense local conj = shallowCopy(export.conjugate(opts).conj) local concatTense = concateList(conj) table.insert(concatAllTense, concatTense) end end return table.concat(concatAllTense, ",") end return export f540jsrdzuz6tlic52c53ymwxujzuua 6234207 6234192 2026-05-07T20:42:29Z Ghybu 1393 6234207 Scribunto text/plain -- Modula tewandina lêkerên kurmancî local export = {} -- Load irregular forms table -- local irreg = require('Module:ku-tewandin/dijrêzik') local langKu = require("Modul:languages").getByCode("ku") local link = require('Module:links').language_link local shallowCopy = require("Module:table/shallowCopy") local deepCopy = require("Module:table/deepCopy") -- ============================================================================= -- Pronouns in Kurmanji -- ============================================================================= export.order = {"s1", "s2", "s3", "p1", "p2", "p3"} export.pronouns = { s1 = "ez", p1 = "em", s2 = "tu", p2 = "hûn", s3 = "ew", p3 = "ew" } export.obliquePronouns = { s1 = "min", p1 = "me", s2 = "te", p2 = "we", s3 = "wê/wî", p3 = "wan" } -- Oblique pronoun (green) export.obliquePronounsGreen = { s1 = '<span style="color:green">min</span>', s2 = '<span style="color:green">te</span>', s3 = '<span style="color:green">wê/wî</span>', p1 = '<span style="color:green">me</span>', p2 = '<span style="color:green">we</span>', p3 = '<span style="color:green">wan</span>' } -- ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── -- 1) This function returns correct subject/agent pronoun, ergativity rule: -- - Transitive verbs in past tenses → oblique pronoun (green) = agent -- - All other cases → direct pronoun (no color) = subject -- 2) Also add the subjunctive prefix "(bila)" -- ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── function export.conjPronouns(stemType, mode, isTransitive) local pronouns = shallowCopy(export.pronouns) -- Ergativity in kurdish: transitive verbs that are conjugated with the past tense stem are -- conjugated according to the object, not the subject. -- Therefore, to have an ergative construction, -- the verb must be transitive and its stem must be the stem of the past tense. local isErgative = isTransitive and (stemType == 'past') -- If it's ergative, we use oblique pronouns: "min", "te", ... -- If it's not ergative, we use normal pronouns: "ez", "tu", ... if isErgative then pronouns = shallowCopy(export.obliquePronounsGreen) end -- For the subjunctive mood, we add "(bila)" at the beginning. if mode == 'subjunctive' then subjPrefix = '<span style="color:gray">(bila)</span>' for _, pers in ipairs(export.order) do pronouns[pers] = subjPrefix .. ' ' .. pronouns[pers] end end return pronouns end -- ============================================================================= -- VERBAL STRUCTURE IN THE INFINITIVE: -- Verbs in the infinitive appear in three main forms: -- 1) Simple verb (indivisible light verb): -- - ex.: "kirin", "çûn", "xwarin", ... -- 2) Verbs with preverbs (preverb + simple verb): -- - ex.: "rakirin" (ra- + kirin), "çêkirin" (çê- + kirin), "vexwarin" (ve- + xwarin), ... -- - Preverb verbs don't use the prefix "bi-" (ez ê rakim , ew ê rake , ...) -- 3) Compound verbs, construction with non-verbal element (the noun is not attached to the verb): -- - Left of the simple verb: "hez kirin" ("hez" + "kirin"), "li dar xistin" ("li dar" + "xistin"), ... -- - Right of the simple verb: "kirin der" ("kirin" + "der"), "girtin ser xwe" ("girtin" + "ser xwe"), ... -- - Compound verbs use the prefix "bi-" (ez ê hez bi-kim , ew ê hez bi-ke ) -- STRUCTURE: preSimpleVerb + spacing + simpleVerb + postSimpleVerb -- EX. kirin: preSimpleVerb=''; spacing=false; simpleVerb='kirin'; postSimpleVerb='' -- rakirin: preSimpleVerb='ra'; spacing=false; simpleVerb='kirin'; postSimpleVerb='' -- hez kirin: preSimpleVerb='hez'; spacing=true; simpleVerb='kirin'; postSimpleVerb='' -- pev çûn: preSimpleVerb='pev'; spacing=true; simpleVerb='çûn'; postSimpleVerb='' -- kirin der: preSimpleVerb=''; spacing=false; simpleVerb='kirin'; postSimpleVerb='der' -- WARNING: Conjugation can vary depending on the type of verb. -- For example, in the future tense,the prefix "bi" is used for compound verbs, -- but not for preverbal verbs, see the function that manages it "tenseClassification" table. -- This table does not yet support the mixed case: a verb composed of a noun and a preverb verb. -- ============================================================================= function export.verbType(isCompoundVerb, preSimpleVerb) local type if (preSimpleVerb and preSimpleVerb ~= '' and not isCompoundVerb) then type = 'preverbVerb' elseif isCompoundVerb then type = 'compoundVerb' else type = 'simpleVerb' end return type end -- ================================================================ -- INFLECTIONAL ENDINGS -- Assigns verb inflectional endings (suffixes) to all tenses -- ================================================================ local getEndings = {} do -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── -- Ending using present stem -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── getEndings['present'] = function(self, stem) local ends if mw.ustring.match(stem, '[aeêiîouû]$') then ends = {s1='m', s2='yî', s3='', p1='n', p2='n', p3='n'} else ends = {s1='im', s2='î', s3='e', p1='in', p2='in', p3='in'} end return ends end -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── -- Ind. preterite + ind. imperfect ending -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── getEndings['past'] = function(self, stem) local ends if mw.ustring.match(stem, '[aeêiouû]$') then ends = {s1='m', s2='yî', s3='', p1='n', p2='n', p3='n'} elseif mw.ustring.match(stem, 'î$') then -- if self.name == 'indImperfect' then -- special indicative ind. imperfect rule -- ends = {s1='yam', s2='yayî', s3='ya', p1='yan', p2='yan', p3='yan'} -- end ends = {s1='m', s2='', s3='', p1='n', p2='n', p3='n'} else ends = {s1='im', s2='î', s3='', p1='in', p2='in', p3='in'} end return ends end -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── -- Compound endings with auxiliary "bûn" -- Inflectional endings are created by taking the different forms of the -- verb "bûn" (with present stem "-b-" and past stem "-bû-") and -- adding an "i-" prefix before them: "i-b-im", "i-bû-m", "i-bû-me", "i-bû-ma". -- This "i-" varies according to the final letter of the verb stem. -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── local function normalize_i(stem) local prfx_i = "i" if mw.ustring.match(stem, "ya$") or mw.ustring.match(stem, "[îû]$") then -- cf. karîn (-karî-) prfx_i = "" elseif mw.ustring.match(stem, '[aeêiou]$') then prfx_i = "yi" end return prfx_i end getEndings['ibim'] = function(self, stem) local prfx_i = normalize_i(stem) return { s1 = prfx_i .. "bim", p1 = prfx_i .. "bin", s2 = prfx_i .. "bî", p2 = prfx_i .. "bin", s3 = prfx_i .. "be", p3 = prfx_i .. "bin" } end getEndings['ibûm'] = function(self, stem) local prfx_i = normalize_i(stem) return { s1 = prfx_i .. "bûm", p1 = prfx_i .. "bûn", s2 = prfx_i .. "bûyî", p2 = prfx_i .. "bûn", s3 = prfx_i .. "bû", p3 = prfx_i .. "bûn" } end getEndings['ibûme'] = function(self, stem) local prfx_i = normalize_i(stem) return { s1 = prfx_i .. "bûme", p1 = prfx_i .. "bûne", s2 = prfx_i .. "bûyiye", p2 = prfx_i .. "bûne", s3 = prfx_i .. "bûye", p3 = prfx_i .. "bûne" } end getEndings['ibûma'] = function(self, stem) local prfx_i = normalize_i(stem) return { s1 = prfx_i .. "bûma", p1 = prfx_i .. "bûna", s2 = prfx_i .. "bûyayî", p2 = prfx_i .. "bûna", s3 = prfx_i .. "bûya", p3 = prfx_i .. "bûna" } end -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── -- Ind. perfect ending. -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── getEndings['ime'] = function(self, stem) local ends if mw.ustring.match(stem, '[aeêiîouû]$') then ends = {s1="me", s2="yî", s3="ye", p1="ne", p2="ne", p3="ne"} else ends = {s1="ime", s2="iyî", s3="iye", p1="ine", p2="ine", p3="ine"} end return ends end -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── -- Subj. Imperfect ending. -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── getEndings['ama'] = function(self, stem) local ends if mw.ustring.match(stem, 'î$') then ends = {s1="yama", s2="yayî", s3="yaya", p1="yana", p2="yana", p3="yana"} elseif mw.ustring.match(stem, '[aeêiîouû]$') then ends = {s1="ma", s2="yayî", s3="ya", p1="na", p2="na", p3="na"} else ends = {s1="ama", s2="ayî", s3="a", p1="ana", p2="ana", p3="ana"} end return ends end end -- ============================================================================= -- RULES FOR PREVERBS: "bi-" and "di-" -- There are two preverbs: "bi-" and "di-". These preverbs can change form -- depending on the first letters of the verb’s present stem or past stem. -- ============================================================================= local getPreverb = {} do getPreverb['bi'] = function (opts) local opts = opts or {} local stem = opts.stem local verbType = opts.verbType local overrideBi = opts.overrideBi -- Preverb verbs don't use the preverb "bi-": ra-kirin (ez ê rakim), ve-xwarin (ez ê vexwim) , ... -- But compound verb and simple verbs use it: hez kirin (ez ê hez bi-kim), lê bigirin (ez ê lê bi-girim), ... if (verbType == 'preverbVerb') then return '' end if overrideBi then return overrideBi end -- if irreg.dijrezikBi[stem] then return irreg.dijrezikBi[stem] end -- Modification of the preverbe "bi-" according to the last letter of the stem. if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^[aeêiîouû]') then return 'b' end return 'bi' end getPreverb['di'] = function (opts) local opts = opts or {} local stem = opts.stem local overrideDi = opts.overrideDi if overrideDi then return overrideDi end -- if irreg.dijrezikDi[stem] then return irreg.dijrezikDi[stem] end -- Modification of the preverbe "di-" according to the last letter of the stem. if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^[ai]') then return 'd' end -- Ex. hatin : stem = -ê- // ez têm if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^[êî]') then return 't' end return 'di' end end -- ============================================================================= -- RULES FOR NEGATION PREFIXES: "na-" and "ne-" -- There are two negation prefixes: "na-" and "ne-". These preverbs can change -- form depending on the first letters of the verb’s present stem or past stem. -- ============================================================================= local getNegPrefix = {} do getNegPrefix['na'] = function (opts) local opts = opts or {} local stem = opts.stem local overrideNa = opts.overrideNa if overrideNa then return '<b>' .. overrideNa .. '</b>' end -- if irreg.dijrezikNa[stem] then return irreg.dijrezikNa[stem] end -- Add sufix "-y" before certain vowels. if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^[eêiîouû]') then return '<b>nay</b>' end -- Elision before stems beginning with "a-" (removal of the final "-e"). if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^a') then return '<b>n</b>' end -- Tîpa duyem "-a-" ye (k-a-rîn, z-a-nîn, ...) if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^%wa') then return '<b>ni</b>' end return '<b>na</b>' end getNegPrefix['ne'] = function (opts) local opts = opts or {} local stem = opts.stem local tenseName = opts.tenseName local impNegForm = opts.impNegForm local overrideNe = opts.overrideNe if overrideNe then return '<b>' .. overrideNe .. '</b>' end -- if irreg.dijrezikNe[stem] then return irreg.dijrezikNe[stem] end local negPrefix = 'ne' -- There are two forms of construction of the imperative, -- one with the prefix "me-" and the other with the prefix "ne-". if (tenseName == 'impPresent') then negPrefix = (impNegForm == 2) and 'ne' or 'me' end -- Add sufix "-y" before certain vowels. if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^[eêiîouû]') then return '<b>' .. negPrefix .. 'y</b>' end -- Elision before stems beginning with "a-" (removal of the final "-e"). if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^a') then negPreFix = mw.ustring.sub(negPrefix, 1, -2) return '<b>' .. negPrefix .. '</b>' end return '<b>' .. negPrefix .. '</b>' end end -- ============================================================================= -- Standardization of the PREVERBAL PARTICLE -- The proverbial particle "ê" is placed after the personal pronoun. -- ============================================================================= -- If there are no verbal preparticles, return empty table. local function getPreverbParticules(preverbParticle, typeStem, isTransitive) if not preverbParticle then return {s1='', s2='', s3='', p1='', p2='', p3=''} end if preverbParticle == 'ê' then local isErgative = isTransitive and (typeStem == 'past') -- When the personal pronoun ends in a vowel, a "y-" is added before "ê". -- If it's ergative, we use oblique pronouns: "min", "te", ... if isErgative then return {s1='ê', s2='yê', s3='yê', p1='yê', p2='yê', p3='ê'} else return {s1='ê', s2='yê', s3='ê', p1='ê', p2='ê', p3='ê'} end end -- If the verbal preparticle is identical for all pronouns, -- we create a table with the same value. local preverbParticles = {} for _, pers in ipairs(export.order) do preverbParticles[pers] = preverbParticle end return preverbParticles end -- ============================================================================= -- RULES FOR CONSTRUCTING EACH VERB TENSE -- This table lists, for each verb tense, what elements are required to form it: -- - Verb conjugation is built by placing either the preverb "bi-" or "di-" before -- the verb stem (past or present), followed by a personal ending. -- - For the negative form, one of the prefixes "na-" or "ne-" is added as well. -- - In some cases, a preverbal particle such as /ê/ or /dê/ is added before -- the conjugated verb as well. -- Not: - The "negPreverb" (preverb (bi-/di-) for negative tenses) parameter has a -- value different from "nil" only for the Imperfect tense ("negPreverb=di"). -- - The parameter "negPrefix=na" is used only for the present indicative. -- -- Preverb "di", used in: "indPresent"(present stem), "indImperfect"(past stem) -- - Bo neyînî: pêşgira "di-" tenê di nav dema "IndImperfect" de tê bikaranîn. -- Preverb "bi", used in: "indFuture"(present stem), "subPresent"(present stem), -- "subImperfect"(past stem) = "condPresent"(past stem) -- - The prefix "bi-" isn't used in negative forms. -- -- Present stem, used in: "indPresent"(di)(na), -- "indFuture"(bi)(ne) = "subPresent"(bi)(ne) -- -- Past stem, used in: "indPreterite"(-)(ne), "indImperfect"(di)(ne), "indPluperfect"(-)(ne), -- "indPerfect"(-)(ne), "indNCPluperfect"(-)(ne), "indFuturePerfect"(-)(ne), -- "subPreterite"(-)(ne), -- "subImperfect"(bi)(ne) = "condPresent"(bi)(ne), -- "subPluperfect"(-)(ne) = "condPreterite"(-)(ne) -- ============================================================================= -- Some conjugations are identical except that they differ only in the preverbal particle (/ê/, /dê/). -- So, to avoid repeating the same information (and thus risking errors), -- we establish the common part shared between these verbs. local commonRules = { indFuture = { stem = "present", preverb = getPreverb['bi'], negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['present'] }, indFuturePerfect = { stem = "past", preverb = nil, negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['ibim'] }, subImperfect = { stem = "past", preverb = getPreverb['bi'], negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['ama'] }, subPluperfect = { stem = "past", preverb = nil, negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['ibûma'] } } local mt = { __index = function(t, k) local common = t._common if common then return common[k] end end } -- TENSE AND MOOD CLASSIFICATION TABLE export.tenseClassification = { -- IMPERATIVE MOOD impPresent = setmetatable({ name = "impPresent", nameKu = "raweya fermanî", nameEn = "present imperative", mode = "imperative", _common = commonRules.indFuture, preverbParticle = nil }, mt), -- INDICATIVE MOOD indPresent = { name = "indPresent", nameKu = "dema niha", nameEn = "present", mode = "indicative", stem = "present", preverb = getPreverb['di'], negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['na'], endings = getEndings['present'], preverbParticle = nil }, indPreterite = { name = "indPreterite", nameKu = "raboriya sade", nameEn = "simple past", mode = "indicative", stem = "past", preverb = nil, negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['past'], preverbParticle = nil }, indImperfect = { name = "indImperfect", nameKu = "raboriya berdest", nameEn = "Imperfect", mode = "indicative", stem = "past", preverb = getPreverb['di'], negPreverb = getPreverb['di'], negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['past'], preverbParticle = nil }, indPluperfect = { name = "indPluperfect", nameKu = "raboriya dûr", nameEn = "pluperfect", mode = "indicative", stem = "past", preverb = nil, negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['ibûm'], preverbParticle = nil }, indFuture = setmetatable({ name = "indFuture", nameKu = "dema bê", nameEn = "future", mode = "indicative", _common = commonRules.indFuture, preverbParticle = 'ê' }, mt), indFuturePerfect = setmetatable({ name = "indFuturePerfect", nameKu = "dahatiya pêş", nameEn = "future perfect", mode = "indicative", _common = commonRules.indFuturePerfect, preverbParticle = 'ê' }, mt), -- In some books, the "perfect" and "nonconfirmative pluperfect" tenses -- are classified in the "inferential mood" ("moda neşahidî"). -- Currently we classify them using the indicative mood (at the end). indPerfect = { name = "indPerfect", nameKu = "raboriya dûdar", nameEn = "perfect", mode = "indicative", stem = "past", preverb = nil, negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['ime'], preverbParticle = nil }, indNCPluperfect = { name = "indNCPluperfect", nameKu = "çîrokiya boriya dûdar", nameEn = "nonconfirmative pluperfect", mode = "indicative", stem = "past", preverb = nil, negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['ibûme'], preverbParticle = nil }, -- SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD subPresent = setmetatable({ name = "subPresent", nameKu = "dema nihaya xwestekî", nameEn = "present subjunctive", mode = "subjunctive", _common = commonRules.indFuture, preverbParticle = nil }, mt), subPreterite = setmetatable({ name = "subPreterite", nameKu = "dema boriya xwestekî", nameEn = "preterite subjunctive", mode = "subjunctive", _common = commonRules.indFuturePerfect, preverbParticle = nil, }, mt), subImperfect = setmetatable({ name = "subImperfect", nameKu = "raboriya bilaniyê", nameEn = "imperfect subjunctive", mode = "subjunctive", _common = commonRules.subImperfect, preverbParticle = nil, }, mt), subPluperfect = setmetatable({ name = "subPluperfect", nameKu = "raboriya dûr a bilaniyê", nameEn = "pluperfect subjunctive", mode = "subjunctive", _common = commonRules.subPluperfect, preverbParticle = nil }, mt), -- CONDITIONAL MOOD condPresent = setmetatable({ name = "condPresent", nameKu = "çîrokiya dema nihaya mercî", nameEn = "present conditional", mode = "conditional", _common = commonRules.subImperfect, preverbParticle = 'ê' }, mt), condPreterite = setmetatable({ name = "condPreterite", nameKu = "dema boriya mercî", nameEn = "preterite conditional", mode = "conditional", _common = commonRules.subPluperfect, preverbParticle = 'ê' }, mt), } -- ============================================================================= -- MAIN CONJUGATION FUNCTOIN -- This function returns an array containing the conjugation table for a given -- tense as well as other information about the conjugated verb. -- ============================================================================= function export.conjugate(opts) opts = opts or {} -- Required parameters local tense = opts.tense or error("'tense' required", 2) --One of the two parameters is required: -- - If the tense uses the present stem, indicate "presentStem". -- - If it uses the past stem, indicate "pastStem". local presentStem = opts.presentStem local pastStem = opts.pastStem -- Optional parameters local isTransitive = opts.isTransitive or false -- Indicate if the verb is transitive (true/false) local isNegative = opts.isNegative or false -- Indicate if it's the negative form (true/false) local isCompoundVerb = opts.isCompoundVerb or false -- Indicate if it's a compound verb (true/false) local preSimpleVerb = opts.preSimpleVerb or '' -- The part before the simple verb local postSimpleVerb = opts.postSimpleVerb or '' -- The part after the simple verb -- These parameters are provided when the verb is irregular. -- Allows you to manually modify preverbs ("bi-"" or "di-") -- and negation prefixes ("na-" or "ne-") local overrideBi = opts.overrideBi or nil local overrideDi = opts.overrideDi or nil local overrideNa = opts.overrideNa or nil local overrideNe = opts.overrideNe or nil -- By default, the negation of the imperative is constructed from the prefix "me-"". -- To obtain the second variant, the prefix with "ne-", you must specify "impNegForm=2". local impNegForm = opts.impNegForm or nil -- Access to the classification table and retrieval of verb tense parameters local infoTense = deepCopy(export.tenseClassification[tense], 'copy') or false -- We check that this tense is indeed in table "tenseClassification". if (not infoTense) then return '<span style="color:red">Unknown tense: ' .. tense ..'</span>' end -- We check that one of the two parameters of the stem is given if (infoTense.stem == 'present' and not presentStem) then return '<span style="color:red">presentStem parameter required</span>' elseif (infoTense.stem == 'past' and not pastStem) then return '<span style="color:red">pasttStem parameter required</span>' end -- Choice between the present stem or past stem local stem = (infoTense.stem == 'present') and presentStem or pastStem --──────────────────────────── -- Conjugation construction -- -- ─────────────────────────── local preverb = '' local negPrefix = '' -- Ruturns the verb type: "simpleVerb" or "preverbVerb" or "compoundVerb" local verbType = export.verbType(isCompoundVerb, preSimpleVerb) if isNegative then negPrefix = infoTense.negPrefix{stem=stem, tenseName=tense, impNegForm=impNegForm, overrideNa=overrideNa, overrideNe=overrideNe} if infoTense.negPreverb then preverb = infoTense.negPreverb{stem=stem, verbType=verbType, overrideBi=overrideBi, overrideDi=overrideDi} end else if infoTense.preverb then preverb = infoTense.preverb{stem=stem, verbType=verbType, overrideBi=overrideBi, overrideDi=overrideDi} end end infoTense.conj = {} local spacing = isCompoundVerb and ' ' or '' local endings = infoTense:endings(stem) local preverbParticles = getPreverbParticules(infoTense.preverbParticle, infoTense.stem, isTransitive) local isErgative = isTransitive and (infoTense.stem == 'past') -- Creating the conjugation table for a given tense for _, pers in ipairs(export.order) do local ending = '' local conjSimbleVerb = '' local conjVerb = '' if isErgative then ending = endings.s3 else ending = endings[pers] end -- Adding space after the preverbal particle local preverbParticle = preverbParticles[pers] if preverbParticle ~= '' then preverbParticle = preverbParticle .. ' ' end conjSimbleVerb = negPrefix .. preverb .. stem .. ending -- Adding prefixe and suffixe conjVerb = preSimpleVerb .. spacing .. conjSimbleVerb .. postSimpleVerb -- Spelling correction(îy -> iy) conjVerb = mw.ustring.gsub(conjVerb, 'îy', 'iy') -- Add a link conjVerb = link{term=conjVerb, lang=langKu} -- Addition of the preverbal particle infoTense.conj[pers] = preverbParticle .. conjVerb end -- Imperative if (infoTense.name == 'impPresent') then infoTense.conj.s1 = nil infoTense.conj.s2 = infoTense.conj.s3 infoTense.conj.s3 = nil infoTense.conj.p1 = nil --infoTense.conj.p2 = infoTense.conj.p2 infoTense.conj.p3 = nil end return infoTense end -- ============================================================================= -- END -- ============================================================================= -- ADDITIONAL STEM OF THE PAST AND PRESENT (pastStem2, ... and presentStem2, ...) -- This function does nothing more than add additional parameters for verb stems -- in the past and present tenses. -- Conjugations for the different stems will be separated by "/" -- ============================================================================= function export.conjugateLong(baseOpts, tense, presentStems, pastStems) local opts = baseOpts or {} opts.tense = tense or nil local presentStems = presentStems or {} local pastStems = pastStems or {} local infoTense = deepCopy(export.tenseClassification[tense], 'copy') or false -- We check that this tense is indeed in table "tenseClassification". if not infoTense then return '<span style="color:red">Unknown tense: ' .. tense ..'</span>' end local stems = (infoTense.stem == 'present') and presentStems or pastStems -- For each verb stem, its conjugation table is calculated and stored in conjTabs. local conjTabs = {} for i = 1, #stems do if stems[i] then if (infoTense.stem == 'past') then opts.pastStem = stems[i] end if (infoTense.stem == 'present') then opts.presentStem = stems[i] end local conj = export.conjugate(opts).conj table.insert(conjTabs, conj) end end -- We concatenate each row of the conjugation tables. local concatConjTabs = {} for _, pers in ipairs(export.order) do local frag = {} for i = 1, #conjTabs do local val = conjTabs[i][pers] if val then table.insert(frag, tostring(val)) end end concatConjTabs[pers] = table.concat(frag, " / ") end infoTense.conj = concatConjTabs return infoTense end -- ==================================================================================== -- VERB CONUGATION IN ALL TENSES WITH PRONOUMS -- ==================================================================================== function export.conjugateAllTenses(baseOpts, presentStems, pastStems, negation) local opts = baseOpts or {} if negation == 'negative' then opts.isNegative = true end -- Concatenation of pronouns and conjugated verbs local function concatPronomsVerbs(pronoms, conjVerbs) local concatTab = {} for _, pers in ipairs(export.order) do concatTab[pers] = pronoms[pers] .. ' ' .. conjVerbs[pers] end return concatTab end -- Returns the list of verb tenses local tenseList = {} for _, tense in pairs(export.tenseClassification) do table.insert(tenseList, tense.name) end -- Conjugation in all tenses tab = {} for _, tense in ipairs(tenseList) do local infoTense = deepCopy(export.tenseClassification[tense], 'copy') tab[tense] = deepCopy(export.conjugateLong(opts, tense, presentStems, pastStems), 'copy') -- No pronoun for the imperative mood if tense ~= 'impPresent' then local pronoms = deepCopy(export.conjPronouns(infoTense.stem, infoTense.mode, opts.isTransitive)) tab[tense].conj = concatPronomsVerbs(pronoms, tab[tense].conj) end end return tab end -- ==================================================================================== -- GET COMMMA SEPARED FORMS -- ==================================================================================== function export.get_comma_separated_forms(frame) local args = frame:getParent().args local opts = { presentStem = frame.args['niha'], pastStem = frame.args['borî'], isTransitive = false, isNegative = false, isCompoundVerb = frame['valahî'] or false, preSimpleVerb = frame['pêşgir'] or '', postSimpleVerb = frame['paşgir'] or '', overrideBi = frame['bi'] or nil, overrideDi = frame['di'] or nil, overrideNa = frame['na'] or nil, overrideNe = frame['na'] or nil, impNegForm = nil, } local function removeTags(tag) tag = mw.ustring.gsub(tag, '%[%[(.+)%|(.+)%]%]', '%2') tag = mw.ustring.gsub(tag, '<b>(.+)</b>', '%1') tag = mw.ustring.gsub(tag, '<span(.*)>(.*)</span>', '%2') return tag end local function concateList(tenseList) local concatList = {} for _, pers in ipairs({"s1", "s2", "s3", "p1"}) do tense = removeTags(tenseList[pers]) -- Remove tags table.insert(concatList, tense) end return table.concat(concatList, ",") end local tenseList = {'indPresent','indPreterite','indImperfect', 'indPluperfect','indPerfect','indNCPluperfect', 'indFuture','indFuturePerfect', 'subImperfect','subPluperfect' } local concatAllTense = {} for i = 1, #tenseList do local tense = tenseList[i] if export.tenseClassification[tense] then opts.tense = tense local conj = shallowCopy(export.conjugate(opts).conj) local concatTense = concateList(conj) table.insert(concatAllTense, concatTense) end end return table.concat(concatAllTense, ",") end return export frbcu9bdkp8n9wc1sqbw19udqyyoki9 6234210 6234207 2026-05-07T20:54:39Z Ghybu 1393 6234210 Scribunto text/plain -- Modula tewandina lêkerên kurmancî local export = {} -- Load irregular forms table -- local irreg = require('Module:ku-tewandin/dijrêzik') local langKu = require("Modul:languages").getByCode("ku") local link = require('Module:links').language_link local shallowCopy = require("Module:table/shallowCopy") local deepCopy = require("Module:table/deepCopy") -- ============================================================================= -- Pronouns in Kurmanji -- ============================================================================= export.order = {"s1", "s2", "s3", "p1", "p2", "p3"} export.pronouns = { s1 = "ez", p1 = "em", s2 = "tu", p2 = "hûn", s3 = "ew", p3 = "ew" } export.obliquePronouns = { s1 = "min", p1 = "me", s2 = "te", p2 = "we", s3 = "wê/wî", p3 = "wan" } -- Oblique pronoun (green) export.obliquePronounsGreen = { s1 = '<span style="color:green">min</span>', s2 = '<span style="color:green">te</span>', s3 = '<span style="color:green">wê/wî</span>', p1 = '<span style="color:green">me</span>', p2 = '<span style="color:green">we</span>', p3 = '<span style="color:green">wan</span>' } -- ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── -- 1) This function returns correct subject/agent pronoun, ergativity rule: -- - Transitive verbs in past tenses → oblique pronoun (green) = agent -- - All other cases → direct pronoun (no color) = subject -- 2) Also add the subjunctive prefix "(bila)" -- ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── function export.conjPronouns(stemType, mode, isTransitive) local pronouns = shallowCopy(export.pronouns) -- Ergativity in kurdish: transitive verbs that are conjugated with the past tense stem are -- conjugated according to the object, not the subject. -- Therefore, to have an ergative construction, -- the verb must be transitive and its stem must be the stem of the past tense. local isErgative = isTransitive and (stemType == 'past') -- If it's ergative, we use oblique pronouns: "min", "te", ... -- If it's not ergative, we use normal pronouns: "ez", "tu", ... if isErgative then pronouns = shallowCopy(export.obliquePronounsGreen) end -- For the subjunctive mood, we add "(bila)" at the beginning. if mode == 'subjunctive' then subjPrefix = '<span style="color:gray">(bila)</span>' for _, pers in ipairs(export.order) do pronouns[pers] = subjPrefix .. ' ' .. pronouns[pers] end end return pronouns end -- ============================================================================= -- VERBAL STRUCTURE IN THE INFINITIVE: -- Verbs in the infinitive appear in three main forms: -- 1) Simple verb (indivisible light verb): -- - ex.: "kirin", "çûn", "xwarin", ... -- 2) Verbs with preverbs (preverb + simple verb): -- - ex.: "rakirin" (ra- + kirin), "çêkirin" (çê- + kirin), "vexwarin" (ve- + xwarin), ... -- - Preverb verbs don't use the prefix "bi-" (ez ê rakim , ew ê rake , ...) -- 3) Compound verbs, construction with non-verbal element (the noun is not attached to the verb): -- - Left of the simple verb: "hez kirin" ("hez" + "kirin"), "li dar xistin" ("li dar" + "xistin"), ... -- - Right of the simple verb: "kirin der" ("kirin" + "der"), "girtin ser xwe" ("girtin" + "ser xwe"), ... -- - Compound verbs use the prefix "bi-" (ez ê hez bi-kim , ew ê hez bi-ke ) -- STRUCTURE: preSimpleVerb + spacing + simpleVerb + postSimpleVerb -- EX. kirin: preSimpleVerb=''; spacing=false; simpleVerb='kirin'; postSimpleVerb='' -- rakirin: preSimpleVerb='ra'; spacing=false; simpleVerb='kirin'; postSimpleVerb='' -- hez kirin: preSimpleVerb='hez'; spacing=true; simpleVerb='kirin'; postSimpleVerb='' -- pev çûn: preSimpleVerb='pev'; spacing=true; simpleVerb='çûn'; postSimpleVerb='' -- kirin der: preSimpleVerb=''; spacing=false; simpleVerb='kirin'; postSimpleVerb='der' -- WARNING: Conjugation can vary depending on the type of verb. -- For example, in the future tense,the prefix "bi" is used for compound verbs, -- but not for preverbal verbs, see the function that manages it "tenseClassification" table. -- This table does not yet support the mixed case: a verb composed of a noun and a preverb verb. -- ============================================================================= function export.verbType(isCompoundVerb, preSimpleVerb) local type if (preSimpleVerb and preSimpleVerb ~= '' and not isCompoundVerb) then type = 'preverbVerb' elseif isCompoundVerb then type = 'compoundVerb' else type = 'simpleVerb' end return type end -- ================================================================ -- INFLECTIONAL ENDINGS -- Assigns verb inflectional endings (suffixes) to all tenses -- ================================================================ local getEndings = {} do -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── -- Ending using present stem -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── getEndings['present'] = function(self, stem) local ends if mw.ustring.match(stem, '[aeêiîouû]$') then ends = {s1='m', s2='yî', s3='', p1='n', p2='n', p3='n'} else ends = {s1='im', s2='î', s3='e', p1='in', p2='in', p3='in'} end return ends end -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── -- Ind. preterite + ind. imperfect ending -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── getEndings['past'] = function(self, stem) local ends if mw.ustring.match(stem, '[aeêiouû]$') then ends = {s1='m', s2='yî', s3='', p1='n', p2='n', p3='n'} elseif mw.ustring.match(stem, 'î$') then -- if self.name == 'indImperfect' then -- -- special indicative ind. imperfect rule -- ends = {s1='yam', s2='yayî', s3='ya', p1='yan', p2='yan', p3='yan'} -- end ends = {s1='m', s2='', s3='', p1='n', p2='n', p3='n'} else ends = {s1='im', s2='î', s3='', p1='in', p2='in', p3='in'} end return ends end -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── -- Compound endings with auxiliary "bûn" -- Inflectional endings are created by taking the different forms of the -- verb "bûn" (with present stem "-b-" and past stem "-bû-") and -- adding an "i-" prefix before them: "i-b-im", "i-bû-m", "i-bû-me", "i-bû-ma". -- This "i-" varies according to the final letter of the verb stem. -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── local function normalize_i(stem) local prfx_i = "i" if mw.ustring.match(stem, "ya$") or mw.ustring.match(stem, "[îû]$") then -- cf. karîn (-karî-) prfx_i = "" elseif mw.ustring.match(stem, '[aeêiou]$') then prfx_i = "yi" end return prfx_i end getEndings['ibim'] = function(self, stem) local prfx_i = normalize_i(stem) return { s1 = prfx_i .. "bim", p1 = prfx_i .. "bin", s2 = prfx_i .. "bî", p2 = prfx_i .. "bin", s3 = prfx_i .. "be", p3 = prfx_i .. "bin" } end getEndings['ibûm'] = function(self, stem) local prfx_i = normalize_i(stem) return { s1 = prfx_i .. "bûm", p1 = prfx_i .. "bûn", s2 = prfx_i .. "bûyî", p2 = prfx_i .. "bûn", s3 = prfx_i .. "bû", p3 = prfx_i .. "bûn" } end getEndings['ibûme'] = function(self, stem) local prfx_i = normalize_i(stem) return { s1 = prfx_i .. "bûme", p1 = prfx_i .. "bûne", s2 = prfx_i .. "bûyiye", p2 = prfx_i .. "bûne", s3 = prfx_i .. "bûye", p3 = prfx_i .. "bûne" } end getEndings['ibûma'] = function(self, stem) local prfx_i = normalize_i(stem) return { s1 = prfx_i .. "bûma", p1 = prfx_i .. "bûna", s2 = prfx_i .. "bûyayî", p2 = prfx_i .. "bûna", s3 = prfx_i .. "bûya", p3 = prfx_i .. "bûna" } end -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── -- Ind. perfect ending. -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── getEndings['ime'] = function(self, stem) local ends if mw.ustring.match(stem, '[aeêiîouû]$') then ends = {s1="me", s2="yî", s3="ye", p1="ne", p2="ne", p3="ne"} else ends = {s1="ime", s2="iyî", s3="iye", p1="ine", p2="ine", p3="ine"} end return ends end -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── -- Subj. Imperfect ending. -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── getEndings['ama'] = function(self, stem) local ends if mw.ustring.match(stem, '[aeêiîouû]$') then ends = {s1="ma", s2="yayî", s3="ya", p1="na", p2="na", p3="na"} -- elseif mw.ustring.match(stem, 'î$') then -- ends = {s1="yama", s2="yayî", s3="yaya", p1="yana", p2="yana", p3="yana"} else ends = {s1="ama", s2="ayî", s3="a", p1="ana", p2="ana", p3="ana"} end return ends end end -- ============================================================================= -- RULES FOR PREVERBS: "bi-" and "di-" -- There are two preverbs: "bi-" and "di-". These preverbs can change form -- depending on the first letters of the verb’s present stem or past stem. -- ============================================================================= local getPreverb = {} do getPreverb['bi'] = function (opts) local opts = opts or {} local stem = opts.stem local verbType = opts.verbType local overrideBi = opts.overrideBi -- Preverb verbs don't use the preverb "bi-": ra-kirin (ez ê rakim), ve-xwarin (ez ê vexwim) , ... -- But compound verb and simple verbs use it: hez kirin (ez ê hez bi-kim), lê bigirin (ez ê lê bi-girim), ... if (verbType == 'preverbVerb') then return '' end if overrideBi then return overrideBi end -- if irreg.dijrezikBi[stem] then return irreg.dijrezikBi[stem] end -- Modification of the preverbe "bi-" according to the last letter of the stem. if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^[aeêiîouû]') then return 'b' end return 'bi' end getPreverb['di'] = function (opts) local opts = opts or {} local stem = opts.stem local overrideDi = opts.overrideDi if overrideDi then return overrideDi end -- if irreg.dijrezikDi[stem] then return irreg.dijrezikDi[stem] end -- Modification of the preverbe "di-" according to the last letter of the stem. if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^[ai]') then return 'd' end -- Ex. hatin : stem = -ê- // ez têm if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^[êî]') then return 't' end return 'di' end end -- ============================================================================= -- RULES FOR NEGATION PREFIXES: "na-" and "ne-" -- There are two negation prefixes: "na-" and "ne-". These preverbs can change -- form depending on the first letters of the verb’s present stem or past stem. -- ============================================================================= local getNegPrefix = {} do getNegPrefix['na'] = function (opts) local opts = opts or {} local stem = opts.stem local overrideNa = opts.overrideNa if overrideNa then return '<b>' .. overrideNa .. '</b>' end -- if irreg.dijrezikNa[stem] then return irreg.dijrezikNa[stem] end -- Add sufix "-y" before certain vowels. if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^[eêiîouû]') then return '<b>nay</b>' end -- Elision before stems beginning with "a-" (removal of the final "-e"). if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^a') then return '<b>n</b>' end -- Tîpa duyem "-a-" ye (k-a-rîn, z-a-nîn, ...) if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^%wa') then return '<b>ni</b>' end return '<b>na</b>' end getNegPrefix['ne'] = function (opts) local opts = opts or {} local stem = opts.stem local tenseName = opts.tenseName local impNegForm = opts.impNegForm local overrideNe = opts.overrideNe if overrideNe then return '<b>' .. overrideNe .. '</b>' end -- if irreg.dijrezikNe[stem] then return irreg.dijrezikNe[stem] end local negPrefix = 'ne' -- There are two forms of construction of the imperative, -- one with the prefix "me-" and the other with the prefix "ne-". if (tenseName == 'impPresent') then negPrefix = (impNegForm == 2) and 'ne' or 'me' end -- Add sufix "-y" before certain vowels. if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^[eêiîouû]') then return '<b>' .. negPrefix .. 'y</b>' end -- Elision before stems beginning with "a-" (removal of the final "-e"). if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^a') then negPreFix = mw.ustring.sub(negPrefix, 1, -2) return '<b>' .. negPrefix .. '</b>' end return '<b>' .. negPrefix .. '</b>' end end -- ============================================================================= -- Standardization of the PREVERBAL PARTICLE -- The proverbial particle "ê" is placed after the personal pronoun. -- ============================================================================= -- If there are no verbal preparticles, return empty table. local function getPreverbParticules(preverbParticle, typeStem, isTransitive) if not preverbParticle then return {s1='', s2='', s3='', p1='', p2='', p3=''} end if preverbParticle == 'ê' then local isErgative = isTransitive and (typeStem == 'past') -- When the personal pronoun ends in a vowel, a "y-" is added before "ê". -- If it's ergative, we use oblique pronouns: "min", "te", ... if isErgative then return {s1='ê', s2='yê', s3='yê', p1='yê', p2='yê', p3='ê'} else return {s1='ê', s2='yê', s3='ê', p1='ê', p2='ê', p3='ê'} end end -- If the verbal preparticle is identical for all pronouns, -- we create a table with the same value. local preverbParticles = {} for _, pers in ipairs(export.order) do preverbParticles[pers] = preverbParticle end return preverbParticles end -- ============================================================================= -- RULES FOR CONSTRUCTING EACH VERB TENSE -- This table lists, for each verb tense, what elements are required to form it: -- - Verb conjugation is built by placing either the preverb "bi-" or "di-" before -- the verb stem (past or present), followed by a personal ending. -- - For the negative form, one of the prefixes "na-" or "ne-" is added as well. -- - In some cases, a preverbal particle such as /ê/ or /dê/ is added before -- the conjugated verb as well. -- Not: - The "negPreverb" (preverb (bi-/di-) for negative tenses) parameter has a -- value different from "nil" only for the Imperfect tense ("negPreverb=di"). -- - The parameter "negPrefix=na" is used only for the present indicative. -- -- Preverb "di", used in: "indPresent"(present stem), "indImperfect"(past stem) -- - Bo neyînî: pêşgira "di-" tenê di nav dema "IndImperfect" de tê bikaranîn. -- Preverb "bi", used in: "indFuture"(present stem), "subPresent"(present stem), -- "subImperfect"(past stem) = "condPresent"(past stem) -- - The prefix "bi-" isn't used in negative forms. -- -- Present stem, used in: "indPresent"(di)(na), -- "indFuture"(bi)(ne) = "subPresent"(bi)(ne) -- -- Past stem, used in: "indPreterite"(-)(ne), "indImperfect"(di)(ne), "indPluperfect"(-)(ne), -- "indPerfect"(-)(ne), "indNCPluperfect"(-)(ne), "indFuturePerfect"(-)(ne), -- "subPreterite"(-)(ne), -- "subImperfect"(bi)(ne) = "condPresent"(bi)(ne), -- "subPluperfect"(-)(ne) = "condPreterite"(-)(ne) -- ============================================================================= -- Some conjugations are identical except that they differ only in the preverbal particle (/ê/, /dê/). -- So, to avoid repeating the same information (and thus risking errors), -- we establish the common part shared between these verbs. local commonRules = { indFuture = { stem = "present", preverb = getPreverb['bi'], negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['present'] }, indFuturePerfect = { stem = "past", preverb = nil, negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['ibim'] }, subImperfect = { stem = "past", preverb = getPreverb['bi'], negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['ama'] }, subPluperfect = { stem = "past", preverb = nil, negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['ibûma'] } } local mt = { __index = function(t, k) local common = t._common if common then return common[k] end end } -- TENSE AND MOOD CLASSIFICATION TABLE export.tenseClassification = { -- IMPERATIVE MOOD impPresent = setmetatable({ name = "impPresent", nameKu = "raweya fermanî", nameEn = "present imperative", mode = "imperative", _common = commonRules.indFuture, preverbParticle = nil }, mt), -- INDICATIVE MOOD indPresent = { name = "indPresent", nameKu = "dema niha", nameEn = "present", mode = "indicative", stem = "present", preverb = getPreverb['di'], negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['na'], endings = getEndings['present'], preverbParticle = nil }, indPreterite = { name = "indPreterite", nameKu = "raboriya sade", nameEn = "simple past", mode = "indicative", stem = "past", preverb = nil, negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['past'], preverbParticle = nil }, indImperfect = { name = "indImperfect", nameKu = "raboriya berdest", nameEn = "Imperfect", mode = "indicative", stem = "past", preverb = getPreverb['di'], negPreverb = getPreverb['di'], negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['past'], preverbParticle = nil }, indPluperfect = { name = "indPluperfect", nameKu = "raboriya dûr", nameEn = "pluperfect", mode = "indicative", stem = "past", preverb = nil, negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['ibûm'], preverbParticle = nil }, indFuture = setmetatable({ name = "indFuture", nameKu = "dema bê", nameEn = "future", mode = "indicative", _common = commonRules.indFuture, preverbParticle = 'ê' }, mt), indFuturePerfect = setmetatable({ name = "indFuturePerfect", nameKu = "dahatiya pêş", nameEn = "future perfect", mode = "indicative", _common = commonRules.indFuturePerfect, preverbParticle = 'ê' }, mt), -- In some books, the "perfect" and "nonconfirmative pluperfect" tenses -- are classified in the "inferential mood" ("moda neşahidî"). -- Currently we classify them using the indicative mood (at the end). indPerfect = { name = "indPerfect", nameKu = "raboriya dûdar", nameEn = "perfect", mode = "indicative", stem = "past", preverb = nil, negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['ime'], preverbParticle = nil }, indNCPluperfect = { name = "indNCPluperfect", nameKu = "çîrokiya boriya dûdar", nameEn = "nonconfirmative pluperfect", mode = "indicative", stem = "past", preverb = nil, negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['ibûme'], preverbParticle = nil }, -- SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD subPresent = setmetatable({ name = "subPresent", nameKu = "dema nihaya xwestekî", nameEn = "present subjunctive", mode = "subjunctive", _common = commonRules.indFuture, preverbParticle = nil }, mt), subPreterite = setmetatable({ name = "subPreterite", nameKu = "dema boriya xwestekî", nameEn = "preterite subjunctive", mode = "subjunctive", _common = commonRules.indFuturePerfect, preverbParticle = nil, }, mt), subImperfect = setmetatable({ name = "subImperfect", nameKu = "raboriya bilaniyê", nameEn = "imperfect subjunctive", mode = "subjunctive", _common = commonRules.subImperfect, preverbParticle = nil, }, mt), subPluperfect = setmetatable({ name = "subPluperfect", nameKu = "raboriya dûr a bilaniyê", nameEn = "pluperfect subjunctive", mode = "subjunctive", _common = commonRules.subPluperfect, preverbParticle = nil }, mt), -- CONDITIONAL MOOD condPresent = setmetatable({ name = "condPresent", nameKu = "çîrokiya dema nihaya mercî", nameEn = "present conditional", mode = "conditional", _common = commonRules.subImperfect, preverbParticle = 'ê' }, mt), condPreterite = setmetatable({ name = "condPreterite", nameKu = "dema boriya mercî", nameEn = "preterite conditional", mode = "conditional", _common = commonRules.subPluperfect, preverbParticle = 'ê' }, mt), } -- ============================================================================= -- MAIN CONJUGATION FUNCTOIN -- This function returns an array containing the conjugation table for a given -- tense as well as other information about the conjugated verb. -- ============================================================================= function export.conjugate(opts) opts = opts or {} -- Required parameters local tense = opts.tense or error("'tense' required", 2) --One of the two parameters is required: -- - If the tense uses the present stem, indicate "presentStem". -- - If it uses the past stem, indicate "pastStem". local presentStem = opts.presentStem local pastStem = opts.pastStem -- Optional parameters local isTransitive = opts.isTransitive or false -- Indicate if the verb is transitive (true/false) local isNegative = opts.isNegative or false -- Indicate if it's the negative form (true/false) local isCompoundVerb = opts.isCompoundVerb or false -- Indicate if it's a compound verb (true/false) local preSimpleVerb = opts.preSimpleVerb or '' -- The part before the simple verb local postSimpleVerb = opts.postSimpleVerb or '' -- The part after the simple verb -- These parameters are provided when the verb is irregular. -- Allows you to manually modify preverbs ("bi-"" or "di-") -- and negation prefixes ("na-" or "ne-") local overrideBi = opts.overrideBi or nil local overrideDi = opts.overrideDi or nil local overrideNa = opts.overrideNa or nil local overrideNe = opts.overrideNe or nil -- By default, the negation of the imperative is constructed from the prefix "me-"". -- To obtain the second variant, the prefix with "ne-", you must specify "impNegForm=2". local impNegForm = opts.impNegForm or nil -- Access to the classification table and retrieval of verb tense parameters local infoTense = deepCopy(export.tenseClassification[tense], 'copy') or false -- We check that this tense is indeed in table "tenseClassification". if (not infoTense) then return '<span style="color:red">Unknown tense: ' .. tense ..'</span>' end -- We check that one of the two parameters of the stem is given if (infoTense.stem == 'present' and not presentStem) then return '<span style="color:red">presentStem parameter required</span>' elseif (infoTense.stem == 'past' and not pastStem) then return '<span style="color:red">pasttStem parameter required</span>' end -- Choice between the present stem or past stem local stem = (infoTense.stem == 'present') and presentStem or pastStem --──────────────────────────── -- Conjugation construction -- -- ─────────────────────────── local preverb = '' local negPrefix = '' -- Ruturns the verb type: "simpleVerb" or "preverbVerb" or "compoundVerb" local verbType = export.verbType(isCompoundVerb, preSimpleVerb) if isNegative then negPrefix = infoTense.negPrefix{stem=stem, tenseName=tense, impNegForm=impNegForm, overrideNa=overrideNa, overrideNe=overrideNe} if infoTense.negPreverb then preverb = infoTense.negPreverb{stem=stem, verbType=verbType, overrideBi=overrideBi, overrideDi=overrideDi} end else if infoTense.preverb then preverb = infoTense.preverb{stem=stem, verbType=verbType, overrideBi=overrideBi, overrideDi=overrideDi} end end infoTense.conj = {} local spacing = isCompoundVerb and ' ' or '' local endings = infoTense:endings(stem) local preverbParticles = getPreverbParticules(infoTense.preverbParticle, infoTense.stem, isTransitive) local isErgative = isTransitive and (infoTense.stem == 'past') -- Creating the conjugation table for a given tense for _, pers in ipairs(export.order) do local ending = '' local conjSimbleVerb = '' local conjVerb = '' if isErgative then ending = endings.s3 else ending = endings[pers] end -- Adding space after the preverbal particle local preverbParticle = preverbParticles[pers] if preverbParticle ~= '' then preverbParticle = preverbParticle .. ' ' end conjSimbleVerb = negPrefix .. preverb .. stem .. ending -- Adding prefixe and suffixe conjVerb = preSimpleVerb .. spacing .. conjSimbleVerb .. postSimpleVerb -- Spelling correction(îy -> iy) conjVerb = mw.ustring.gsub(conjVerb, 'îy', 'iy') -- Add a link conjVerb = link{term=conjVerb, lang=langKu} -- Addition of the preverbal particle infoTense.conj[pers] = preverbParticle .. conjVerb end -- Imperative if (infoTense.name == 'impPresent') then infoTense.conj.s1 = nil infoTense.conj.s2 = infoTense.conj.s3 infoTense.conj.s3 = nil infoTense.conj.p1 = nil --infoTense.conj.p2 = infoTense.conj.p2 infoTense.conj.p3 = nil end return infoTense end -- ============================================================================= -- END -- ============================================================================= -- ADDITIONAL STEM OF THE PAST AND PRESENT (pastStem2, ... and presentStem2, ...) -- This function does nothing more than add additional parameters for verb stems -- in the past and present tenses. -- Conjugations for the different stems will be separated by "/" -- ============================================================================= function export.conjugateLong(baseOpts, tense, presentStems, pastStems) local opts = baseOpts or {} opts.tense = tense or nil local presentStems = presentStems or {} local pastStems = pastStems or {} local infoTense = deepCopy(export.tenseClassification[tense], 'copy') or false -- We check that this tense is indeed in table "tenseClassification". if not infoTense then return '<span style="color:red">Unknown tense: ' .. tense ..'</span>' end local stems = (infoTense.stem == 'present') and presentStems or pastStems -- For each verb stem, its conjugation table is calculated and stored in conjTabs. local conjTabs = {} for i = 1, #stems do if stems[i] then if (infoTense.stem == 'past') then opts.pastStem = stems[i] end if (infoTense.stem == 'present') then opts.presentStem = stems[i] end local conj = export.conjugate(opts).conj table.insert(conjTabs, conj) end end -- We concatenate each row of the conjugation tables. local concatConjTabs = {} for _, pers in ipairs(export.order) do local frag = {} for i = 1, #conjTabs do local val = conjTabs[i][pers] if val then table.insert(frag, tostring(val)) end end concatConjTabs[pers] = table.concat(frag, " / ") end infoTense.conj = concatConjTabs return infoTense end -- ==================================================================================== -- VERB CONUGATION IN ALL TENSES WITH PRONOUMS -- ==================================================================================== function export.conjugateAllTenses(baseOpts, presentStems, pastStems, negation) local opts = baseOpts or {} if negation == 'negative' then opts.isNegative = true end -- Concatenation of pronouns and conjugated verbs local function concatPronomsVerbs(pronoms, conjVerbs) local concatTab = {} for _, pers in ipairs(export.order) do concatTab[pers] = pronoms[pers] .. ' ' .. conjVerbs[pers] end return concatTab end -- Returns the list of verb tenses local tenseList = {} for _, tense in pairs(export.tenseClassification) do table.insert(tenseList, tense.name) end -- Conjugation in all tenses tab = {} for _, tense in ipairs(tenseList) do local infoTense = deepCopy(export.tenseClassification[tense], 'copy') tab[tense] = deepCopy(export.conjugateLong(opts, tense, presentStems, pastStems), 'copy') -- No pronoun for the imperative mood if tense ~= 'impPresent' then local pronoms = deepCopy(export.conjPronouns(infoTense.stem, infoTense.mode, opts.isTransitive)) tab[tense].conj = concatPronomsVerbs(pronoms, tab[tense].conj) end end return tab end -- ==================================================================================== -- GET COMMMA SEPARED FORMS -- ==================================================================================== function export.get_comma_separated_forms(frame) local args = frame:getParent().args local opts = { presentStem = frame.args['niha'], pastStem = frame.args['borî'], isTransitive = false, isNegative = false, isCompoundVerb = frame['valahî'] or false, preSimpleVerb = frame['pêşgir'] or '', postSimpleVerb = frame['paşgir'] or '', overrideBi = frame['bi'] or nil, overrideDi = frame['di'] or nil, overrideNa = frame['na'] or nil, overrideNe = frame['na'] or nil, impNegForm = nil, } local function removeTags(tag) tag = mw.ustring.gsub(tag, '%[%[(.+)%|(.+)%]%]', '%2') tag = mw.ustring.gsub(tag, '<b>(.+)</b>', '%1') tag = mw.ustring.gsub(tag, '<span(.*)>(.*)</span>', '%2') return tag end local function concateList(tenseList) local concatList = {} for _, pers in ipairs({"s1", "s2", "s3", "p1"}) do tense = removeTags(tenseList[pers]) -- Remove tags table.insert(concatList, tense) end return table.concat(concatList, ",") end local tenseList = {'indPresent','indPreterite','indImperfect', 'indPluperfect','indPerfect','indNCPluperfect', 'indFuture','indFuturePerfect', 'subImperfect','subPluperfect' } local concatAllTense = {} for i = 1, #tenseList do local tense = tenseList[i] if export.tenseClassification[tense] then opts.tense = tense local conj = shallowCopy(export.conjugate(opts).conj) local concatTense = concateList(conj) table.insert(concatAllTense, concatTense) end end return table.concat(concatAllTense, ",") end return export b42jswcvtoe0tmje7qbny8x24t4oewd 6234235 6234210 2026-05-08T02:26:23Z Ghybu 1393 + tew 6234235 Scribunto text/plain -- Modula tewandina lêkerên kurmancî local export = {} -- Load irregular forms table -- local irreg = require('Module:ku-tewandin/dijrêzik') local langKu = require("Modul:languages").getByCode("ku") local link = require('Module:links').language_link local shallowCopy = require("Module:table/shallowCopy") local deepCopy = require("Module:table/deepCopy") -- ============================================================================= -- Pronouns in Kurmanji -- ============================================================================= export.order = {"s1", "s2", "s3", "p1", "p2", "p3"} export.pronouns = { s1 = "ez", p1 = "em", s2 = "tu", p2 = "hûn", s3 = "ew", p3 = "ew" } export.obliquePronouns = { s1 = "min", p1 = "me", s2 = "te", p2 = "we", s3 = "wê/wî", p3 = "wan" } -- Oblique pronoun (green) export.obliquePronounsGreen = { s1 = '<span style="color:green">min</span>', s2 = '<span style="color:green">te</span>', s3 = '<span style="color:green">wê/wî</span>', p1 = '<span style="color:green">me</span>', p2 = '<span style="color:green">we</span>', p3 = '<span style="color:green">wan</span>' } -- ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── -- 1) This function returns correct subject/agent pronoun, ergativity rule: -- - Transitive verbs in past tenses → oblique pronoun (green) = agent -- - All other cases → direct pronoun (no color) = subject -- 2) Also add the subjunctive prefix "(bila)" -- ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── function export.conjPronouns(stemType, mode, isTransitive) local pronouns = shallowCopy(export.pronouns) -- Ergativity in kurdish: transitive verbs that are conjugated with the past tense stem are -- conjugated according to the object, not the subject. -- Therefore, to have an ergative construction, -- the verb must be transitive and its stem must be the stem of the past tense. local isErgative = isTransitive and (stemType == 'past') -- If it's ergative, we use oblique pronouns: "min", "te", ... -- If it's not ergative, we use normal pronouns: "ez", "tu", ... if isErgative then pronouns = shallowCopy(export.obliquePronounsGreen) end -- For the subjunctive mood, we add "(bila)" at the beginning. if mode == 'subjunctive' then subjPrefix = '<span style="color:gray">(bila)</span>' for _, pers in ipairs(export.order) do pronouns[pers] = subjPrefix .. ' ' .. pronouns[pers] end end return pronouns end -- ============================================================================= -- VERBAL STRUCTURE IN THE INFINITIVE: -- Verbs in the infinitive appear in three main forms: -- 1) Simple verb (indivisible light verb): -- - ex.: "kirin", "çûn", "xwarin", ... -- 2) Verbs with preverbs (preverb + simple verb): -- - ex.: "rakirin" (ra- + kirin), "çêkirin" (çê- + kirin), "vexwarin" (ve- + xwarin), ... -- - Preverb verbs don't use the prefix "bi-" (ez ê rakim , ew ê rake , ...) -- 3) Compound verbs, construction with non-verbal element (the noun is not attached to the verb): -- - Left of the simple verb: "hez kirin" ("hez" + "kirin"), "li dar xistin" ("li dar" + "xistin"), ... -- - Right of the simple verb: "kirin der" ("kirin" + "der"), "girtin ser xwe" ("girtin" + "ser xwe"), ... -- - Compound verbs use the prefix "bi-" (ez ê hez bi-kim , ew ê hez bi-ke ) -- STRUCTURE: preSimpleVerb + spacing + simpleVerb + postSimpleVerb -- EX. kirin: preSimpleVerb=''; spacing=false; simpleVerb='kirin'; postSimpleVerb='' -- rakirin: preSimpleVerb='ra'; spacing=false; simpleVerb='kirin'; postSimpleVerb='' -- hez kirin: preSimpleVerb='hez'; spacing=true; simpleVerb='kirin'; postSimpleVerb='' -- pev çûn: preSimpleVerb='pev'; spacing=true; simpleVerb='çûn'; postSimpleVerb='' -- kirin der: preSimpleVerb=''; spacing=false; simpleVerb='kirin'; postSimpleVerb='der' -- WARNING: Conjugation can vary depending on the type of verb. -- For example, in the future tense,the prefix "bi" is used for compound verbs, -- but not for preverbal verbs, see the function that manages it "tenseClassification" table. -- This table does not yet support the mixed case: a verb composed of a noun and a preverb verb. -- ============================================================================= function export.verbType(isCompoundVerb, preSimpleVerb) local type if (preSimpleVerb and preSimpleVerb ~= '' and not isCompoundVerb) then type = 'preverbVerb' elseif isCompoundVerb then type = 'compoundVerb' else type = 'simpleVerb' end return type end -- ================================================================ -- INFLECTIONAL ENDINGS -- Assigns verb inflectional endings (suffixes) to all tenses -- ================================================================ local getEndings = {} do -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── -- Ending using present stem -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── getEndings['present'] = function(self, stem) local ends if mw.ustring.match(stem, '[aeêiîouû]$') then ends = {s1='m', s2='yî', s3='', p1='n', p2='n', p3='n'} else ends = {s1='im', s2='î', s3='e', p1='in', p2='in', p3='in'} end return ends end -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── -- Ind. preterite + ind. imperfect ending -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── getEndings['past'] = function(self, stem) local ends if mw.ustring.match(stem, '[aeêiouû]$') then ends = {s1='m', s2='yî', s3='', p1='n', p2='n', p3='n'} elseif mw.ustring.match(stem, 'î$') then -- if self.name == 'indImperfect' then -- -- special indicative ind. imperfect rule -- ends = {s1='yam', s2='yayî', s3='ya', p1='yan', p2='yan', p3='yan'} -- end ends = {s1='m', s2='', s3='', p1='n', p2='n', p3='n'} else ends = {s1='im', s2='î', s3='', p1='in', p2='in', p3='in'} end return ends end -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── -- Compound endings with auxiliary "bûn" -- Inflectional endings are created by taking the different forms of the -- verb "bûn" (with present stem "-b-" and past stem "-bû-") and -- adding an "i-" prefix before them: "i-b-im", "i-bû-m", "i-bû-me", "i-bû-ma". -- This "i-" varies according to the final letter of the verb stem. -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── local function normalize_i(stem) local prfx_i = "i" if mw.ustring.match(stem, "ya$") or mw.ustring.match(stem, "[îû]$") then -- cf. karîn (-karî-) prfx_i = "" elseif mw.ustring.match(stem, '[aeêiou]$') then prfx_i = "yi" end return prfx_i end getEndings['ibim'] = function(self, stem) local prfx_i = normalize_i(stem) return { s1 = prfx_i .. "bim", p1 = prfx_i .. "bin", s2 = prfx_i .. "bî", p2 = prfx_i .. "bin", s3 = prfx_i .. "be", p3 = prfx_i .. "bin" } end getEndings['ibûm'] = function(self, stem) local prfx_i = normalize_i(stem) return { s1 = prfx_i .. "bûm", p1 = prfx_i .. "bûn", s2 = prfx_i .. "bûyî", p2 = prfx_i .. "bûn", s3 = prfx_i .. "bû", p3 = prfx_i .. "bûn" } end getEndings['ibûme'] = function(self, stem) local prfx_i = normalize_i(stem) return { s1 = prfx_i .. "bûme", p1 = prfx_i .. "bûne", s2 = prfx_i .. "bûyiye", p2 = prfx_i .. "bûne", s3 = prfx_i .. "bûye", p3 = prfx_i .. "bûne" } end getEndings['ibûma'] = function(self, stem) local prfx_i = normalize_i(stem) return { s1 = prfx_i .. "bûma", p1 = prfx_i .. "bûna", s2 = prfx_i .. "bûyayî", p2 = prfx_i .. "bûna", s3 = prfx_i .. "bûya", p3 = prfx_i .. "bûna" } end -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── -- Ind. perfect ending. -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── getEndings['ime'] = function(self, stem) local ends if mw.ustring.match(stem, '[aeêiîouû]$') then ends = {s1="me", s2="yî", s3="ye", p1="ne", p2="ne", p3="ne"} else ends = {s1="ime", s2="iyî", s3="iye", p1="ine", p2="ine", p3="ine"} end return ends end -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── -- Subj. Imperfect ending. -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── getEndings['ama'] = function(self, stem) local ends if mw.ustring.match(stem, '[aeêiîouû]$') then ends = {s1="ma", s2="yayî", s3="ya", p1="na", p2="na", p3="na"} -- elseif mw.ustring.match(stem, 'î$') then -- ends = {s1="yama", s2="yayî", s3="yaya", p1="yana", p2="yana", p3="yana"} else ends = {s1="ama", s2="ayî", s3="a", p1="ana", p2="ana", p3="ana"} end return ends end end -- ============================================================================= -- RULES FOR PREVERBS: "bi-" and "di-" -- There are two preverbs: "bi-" and "di-". These preverbs can change form -- depending on the first letters of the verb’s present stem or past stem. -- ============================================================================= local getPreverb = {} do getPreverb['bi'] = function (opts) local opts = opts or {} local stem = opts.stem local verbType = opts.verbType local overrideBi = opts.overrideBi -- Preverb verbs don't use the preverb "bi-": ra-kirin (ez ê rakim), ve-xwarin (ez ê vexwim) , ... -- But compound verb and simple verbs use it: hez kirin (ez ê hez bi-kim), lê bigirin (ez ê lê bi-girim), ... if (verbType == 'preverbVerb') then return '' end if overrideBi then return overrideBi end -- if irreg.dijrezikBi[stem] then return irreg.dijrezikBi[stem] end -- Modification of the preverbe "bi-" according to the last letter of the stem. if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^[aeêiîouû]') then return 'b' end return 'bi' end getPreverb['di'] = function (opts) local opts = opts or {} local stem = opts.stem local overrideDi = opts.overrideDi if overrideDi then return overrideDi end -- if irreg.dijrezikDi[stem] then return irreg.dijrezikDi[stem] end -- Modification of the preverbe "di-" according to the last letter of the stem. if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^[ai]') then return 'd' end -- Ex. hatin : stem = -ê- // ez têm if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^[êî]') then return 't' end return 'di' end end -- ============================================================================= -- RULES FOR NEGATION PREFIXES: "na-" and "ne-" -- There are two negation prefixes: "na-" and "ne-". These preverbs can change -- form depending on the first letters of the verb’s present stem or past stem. -- ============================================================================= local getNegPrefix = {} do getNegPrefix['na'] = function (opts) local opts = opts or {} local stem = opts.stem local overrideNa = opts.overrideNa if overrideNa then return '<b>' .. overrideNa .. '</b>' end -- if irreg.dijrezikNa[stem] then return irreg.dijrezikNa[stem] end -- Add sufix "-y" before certain vowels. if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^[eêiîouû]') then return '<b>nay</b>' end -- Elision before stems beginning with "a-" (removal of the final "-e"). if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^a') then return '<b>n</b>' end -- Tîpa duyem "-a-" ye (k-a-rîn, z-a-nîn, ...) if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^%wa') then return '<b>ni</b>' end return '<b>na</b>' end getNegPrefix['ne'] = function (opts) local opts = opts or {} local stem = opts.stem local tenseName = opts.tenseName local impNegForm = opts.impNegForm local overrideNe = opts.overrideNe if overrideNe then return '<b>' .. overrideNe .. '</b>' end -- if irreg.dijrezikNe[stem] then return irreg.dijrezikNe[stem] end local negPrefix = 'ne' -- There are two forms of construction of the imperative, -- one with the prefix "me-" and the other with the prefix "ne-". if (tenseName == 'impPresent') then negPrefix = (impNegForm == 2) and 'ne' or 'me' end -- Add sufix "-y" before certain vowels. if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^[eêiîouû]') then return '<b>' .. negPrefix .. 'y</b>' end -- Elision before stems beginning with "a-" (removal of the final "-e"). if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^a') then negPreFix = mw.ustring.sub(negPrefix, 1, -2) return '<b>' .. negPrefix .. '</b>' end return '<b>' .. negPrefix .. '</b>' end end -- ============================================================================= -- Standardization of the PREVERBAL PARTICLE -- The proverbial particle "ê" is placed after the personal pronoun. -- ============================================================================= -- If there are no verbal preparticles, return empty table. local function getPreverbParticules(preverbParticle, typeStem, isTransitive) if not preverbParticle then return {s1='', s2='', s3='', p1='', p2='', p3=''} end if preverbParticle == 'ê' then local isErgative = isTransitive and (typeStem == 'past') -- When the personal pronoun ends in a vowel, a "y-" is added before "ê". -- If it's ergative, we use oblique pronouns: "min", "te", ... if isErgative then return {s1='ê', s2='yê', s3='yê', p1='yê', p2='yê', p3='ê'} else return {s1='ê', s2='yê', s3='ê', p1='ê', p2='ê', p3='ê'} end end -- If the verbal preparticle is identical for all pronouns, -- we create a table with the same value. local preverbParticles = {} for _, pers in ipairs(export.order) do preverbParticles[pers] = preverbParticle end return preverbParticles end -- ============================================================================= -- RULES FOR CONSTRUCTING EACH VERB TENSE -- This table lists, for each verb tense, what elements are required to form it: -- - Verb conjugation is built by placing either the preverb "bi-" or "di-" before -- the verb stem (past or present), followed by a personal ending. -- - For the negative form, one of the prefixes "na-" or "ne-" is added as well. -- - In some cases, a preverbal particle such as /ê/ or /dê/ is added before -- the conjugated verb as well. -- Not: - The "negPreverb" (preverb (bi-/di-) for negative tenses) parameter has a -- value different from "nil" only for the Imperfect tense ("negPreverb=di"). -- - The parameter "negPrefix=na" is used only for the present indicative. -- -- Preverb "di", used in: "indPresent"(present stem), "indImperfect"(past stem) -- - Bo neyînî: pêşgira "di-" tenê di nav dema "IndImperfect" de tê bikaranîn. -- Preverb "bi", used in: "indFuture"(present stem), "subPresent"(present stem), -- "subImperfect"(past stem) = "condPresent"(past stem) -- - The prefix "bi-" isn't used in negative forms. -- -- Present stem, used in: "indPresent"(di)(na), -- "indFuture"(bi)(ne) = "subPresent"(bi)(ne) -- -- Past stem, used in: "indPreterite"(-)(ne), "indImperfect"(di)(ne), "indPluperfect"(-)(ne), -- "indPerfect"(-)(ne), "indNCPluperfect"(-)(ne), "indFuturePerfect"(-)(ne), -- "subPreterite"(-)(ne), -- "subImperfect"(bi)(ne) = "condPresent"(bi)(ne), -- "subPluperfect"(-)(ne) = "condPreterite"(-)(ne) -- ============================================================================= -- Some conjugations are identical except that they differ only in the preverbal particle (/ê/, /dê/). -- So, to avoid repeating the same information (and thus risking errors), -- we establish the common part shared between these verbs. local commonRules = { indFuture = { stem = "present", preverb = getPreverb['bi'], negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['present'] }, indFuturePerfect = { stem = "past", preverb = nil, negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['ibim'] }, subImperfect = { stem = "past", preverb = getPreverb['bi'], negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['ama'] }, subPluperfect = { stem = "past", preverb = nil, negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['ibûma'] } } local mt = { __index = function(t, k) local common = t._common if common then return common[k] end end } -- TENSE AND MOOD CLASSIFICATION TABLE export.tenseClassification = { -- IMPERATIVE MOOD impPresent = setmetatable({ name = "impPresent", nameKu = "raweya fermanî", nameEn = "present imperative", mode = "imperative", _common = commonRules.indFuture, preverbParticle = nil }, mt), -- INDICATIVE MOOD indPresent = { name = "indPresent", nameKu = "dema niha", nameEn = "present", mode = "indicative", stem = "present", preverb = getPreverb['di'], negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['na'], endings = getEndings['present'], preverbParticle = nil }, indPreterite = { name = "indPreterite", nameKu = "raboriya sade", nameEn = "simple past", mode = "indicative", stem = "past", preverb = nil, negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['past'], preverbParticle = nil }, indImperfect = { name = "indImperfect", nameKu = "raboriya berdest", nameEn = "Imperfect", mode = "indicative", stem = "past", preverb = getPreverb['di'], negPreverb = getPreverb['di'], negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['past'], preverbParticle = nil }, indPluperfect = { name = "indPluperfect", nameKu = "raboriya dûr", nameEn = "pluperfect", mode = "indicative", stem = "past", preverb = nil, negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['ibûm'], preverbParticle = nil }, indFuture = setmetatable({ name = "indFuture", nameKu = "dema bê", nameEn = "future", mode = "indicative", _common = commonRules.indFuture, preverbParticle = 'ê' }, mt), indFuturePerfect = setmetatable({ name = "indFuturePerfect", nameKu = "dahatiya pêş", nameEn = "future perfect", mode = "indicative", _common = commonRules.indFuturePerfect, preverbParticle = 'ê' }, mt), -- In some books, the "perfect" and "nonconfirmative pluperfect" tenses -- are classified in the "inferential mood" ("moda neşahidî"). -- Currently we classify them using the indicative mood (at the end). indPerfect = { name = "indPerfect", nameKu = "raboriya dûdar", nameEn = "perfect", mode = "indicative", stem = "past", preverb = nil, negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['ime'], preverbParticle = nil }, indNCPluperfect = { name = "indNCPluperfect", nameKu = "çîrokiya boriya dûdar", nameEn = "nonconfirmative pluperfect", mode = "indicative", stem = "past", preverb = nil, negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['ibûme'], preverbParticle = nil }, -- SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD subPresent = setmetatable({ name = "subPresent", nameKu = "dema nihaya xwestekî", nameEn = "present subjunctive", mode = "subjunctive", _common = commonRules.indFuture, preverbParticle = nil }, mt), subPreterite = setmetatable({ name = "subPreterite", nameKu = "dema boriya xwestekî", nameEn = "preterite subjunctive", mode = "subjunctive", _common = commonRules.indFuturePerfect, preverbParticle = nil, }, mt), subImperfect = setmetatable({ name = "subImperfect", nameKu = "raboriya bilaniyê", nameEn = "imperfect subjunctive", mode = "subjunctive", _common = commonRules.subImperfect, preverbParticle = nil, }, mt), subPluperfect = setmetatable({ name = "subPluperfect", nameKu = "raboriya dûr a bilaniyê", nameEn = "pluperfect subjunctive", mode = "subjunctive", _common = commonRules.subPluperfect, preverbParticle = nil }, mt), -- CONDITIONAL MOOD condPresent = setmetatable({ name = "condPresent", nameKu = "çîrokiya dema nihaya mercî", nameEn = "present conditional", mode = "conditional", _common = commonRules.subImperfect, preverbParticle = 'ê' }, mt), condPreterite = setmetatable({ name = "condPreterite", nameKu = "dema boriya mercî", nameEn = "preterite conditional", mode = "conditional", _common = commonRules.subPluperfect, preverbParticle = 'ê' }, mt), } -- ============================================================================= -- MAIN CONJUGATION FUNCTOIN -- This function returns an array containing the conjugation table for a given -- tense as well as other information about the conjugated verb. -- ============================================================================= function export.conjugate(opts) opts = opts or {} -- Required parameters local tense = opts.tense or error("'tense' required", 2) --One of the two parameters is required: -- - If the tense uses the present stem, indicate "presentStem". -- - If it uses the past stem, indicate "pastStem". local presentStem = opts.presentStem local pastStem = opts.pastStem -- Optional parameters local isTransitive = opts.isTransitive or false -- Indicate if the verb is transitive (true/false) local isNegative = opts.isNegative or false -- Indicate if it's the negative form (true/false) local isCompoundVerb = opts.isCompoundVerb or false -- Indicate if it's a compound verb (true/false) local preSimpleVerb = opts.preSimpleVerb or '' -- The part before the simple verb local postSimpleVerb = opts.postSimpleVerb or '' -- The part after the simple verb -- These parameters are provided when the verb is irregular. -- Allows you to manually modify preverbs ("bi-"" or "di-") -- and negation prefixes ("na-" or "ne-") local overrideBi = opts.overrideBi or nil local overrideDi = opts.overrideDi or nil local overrideNa = opts.overrideNa or nil local overrideNe = opts.overrideNe or nil -- By default, the negation of the imperative is constructed from the prefix "me-"". -- To obtain the second variant, the prefix with "ne-", you must specify "impNegForm=2". local impNegForm = opts.impNegForm or nil -- Access to the classification table and retrieval of verb tense parameters local infoTense = deepCopy(export.tenseClassification[tense], 'copy') or false -- We check that this tense is indeed in table "tenseClassification". if (not infoTense) then return '<span style="color:red">Unknown tense: ' .. tense ..'</span>' end -- We check that one of the two parameters of the stem is given if (infoTense.stem == 'present' and not presentStem) then return '<span style="color:red">presentStem parameter required</span>' elseif (infoTense.stem == 'past' and not pastStem) then return '<span style="color:red">pasttStem parameter required</span>' end -- Choice between the present stem or past stem local stem = (infoTense.stem == 'present') and presentStem or pastStem --──────────────────────────── -- Conjugation construction -- -- ─────────────────────────── local preverb = '' local negPrefix = '' -- Ruturns the verb type: "simpleVerb" or "preverbVerb" or "compoundVerb" local verbType = export.verbType(isCompoundVerb, preSimpleVerb) if isNegative then negPrefix = infoTense.negPrefix{stem=stem, tenseName=tense, impNegForm=impNegForm, overrideNa=overrideNa, overrideNe=overrideNe} if infoTense.negPreverb then preverb = infoTense.negPreverb{stem=stem, verbType=verbType, overrideBi=overrideBi, overrideDi=overrideDi} end else if infoTense.preverb then preverb = infoTense.preverb{stem=stem, verbType=verbType, overrideBi=overrideBi, overrideDi=overrideDi} end end infoTense.conj = {} local spacing = isCompoundVerb and ' ' or '' local endings = infoTense:endings(stem) local preverbParticles = getPreverbParticules(infoTense.preverbParticle, infoTense.stem, isTransitive) local isErgative = isTransitive and (infoTense.stem == 'past') -- Creating the conjugation table for a given tense for _, pers in ipairs(export.order) do local ending = '' local conjSimbleVerb = '' local conjVerb = '' if isErgative then ending = endings.s3 else ending = endings[pers] end -- Adding space after the preverbal particle local preverbParticle = preverbParticles[pers] if preverbParticle ~= '' then preverbParticle = preverbParticle .. ' ' end conjSimbleVerb = negPrefix .. preverb .. stem .. ending -- Adding prefixe and suffixe conjVerb = preSimpleVerb .. spacing .. conjSimbleVerb .. postSimpleVerb -- Spelling correction(îy -> iy) conjVerb = mw.ustring.gsub(conjVerb, 'îy', 'iy') -- Add a link conjVerb = link{term=conjVerb, lang=langKu} -- Addition of the preverbal particle infoTense.conj[pers] = preverbParticle .. conjVerb end -- Imperative if (infoTense.name == 'impPresent') then infoTense.conj.s1 = nil infoTense.conj.s2 = infoTense.conj.s3 infoTense.conj.s3 = nil infoTense.conj.p1 = nil --infoTense.conj.p2 = infoTense.conj.p2 infoTense.conj.p3 = nil end return infoTense end -- ============================================================================= -- END -- ============================================================================= -- ADDITIONAL STEM OF THE PAST AND PRESENT (pastStem2, ... and presentStem2, ...) -- This function does nothing more than add additional parameters for verb stems -- in the past and present tenses. -- Conjugations for the different stems will be separated by "/" -- ============================================================================= function export.conjugateLong(baseOpts, tense, presentStems, pastStems) local opts = baseOpts or {} opts.tense = tense or nil local presentStems = presentStems or {} local pastStems = pastStems or {} local infoTense = deepCopy(export.tenseClassification[tense], 'copy') or false -- We check that this tense is indeed in table "tenseClassification". if not infoTense then return '<span style="color:red">Unknown tense: ' .. tense ..'</span>' end local stems = (infoTense.stem == 'present') and presentStems or pastStems -- For each verb stem, its conjugation table is calculated and stored in conjTabs. local conjTabs = {} for i = 1, #stems do if stems[i] then if (infoTense.stem == 'past') then opts.pastStem = stems[i] end if (infoTense.stem == 'present') then opts.presentStem = stems[i] end local conj = export.conjugate(opts).conj table.insert(conjTabs, conj) end end -- We concatenate each row of the conjugation tables. local concatConjTabs = {} for _, pers in ipairs(export.order) do local frag = {} for i = 1, #conjTabs do local val = conjTabs[i][pers] if val then table.insert(frag, tostring(val)) end end concatConjTabs[pers] = table.concat(frag, " / ") end infoTense.conj = concatConjTabs return infoTense end -- ==================================================================================== -- VERB CONUGATION IN ALL TENSES WITH PRONOUMS -- ==================================================================================== function export.conjugateAllTenses(baseOpts, presentStems, pastStems, negation) local opts = baseOpts or {} if negation == 'negative' then opts.isNegative = true end -- Concatenation of pronouns and conjugated verbs local function concatPronomsVerbs(pronoms, conjVerbs) local concatTab = {} for _, pers in ipairs(export.order) do concatTab[pers] = pronoms[pers] .. ' ' .. conjVerbs[pers] end return concatTab end -- Returns the list of verb tenses local tenseList = {} for _, tense in pairs(export.tenseClassification) do table.insert(tenseList, tense.name) end -- Conjugation in all tenses tab = {} for _, tense in ipairs(tenseList) do local infoTense = deepCopy(export.tenseClassification[tense], 'copy') tab[tense] = deepCopy(export.conjugateLong(opts, tense, presentStems, pastStems), 'copy') -- No pronoun for the imperative mood if tense ~= 'impPresent' then local pronoms = deepCopy(export.conjPronouns(infoTense.stem, infoTense.mode, opts.isTransitive)) tab[tense].conj = concatPronomsVerbs(pronoms, tab[tense].conj) end end return tab end -- ==================================================================================== -- Allows you to obtain a given conjugation from a model. -- Ex. in the template: {{#invoke:ku-tewandin|tew|dem=indPresent|kes=s1}} -- See {{ku-tewîn-lk-niha}} -- ==================================================================================== function export.tew(frame) local args = frame:getParent().args local baseOpts = { isNegative = frame.args['neyînî'] or false, isTransitive = args['form'], isCompoundVerb = args['valahî'] or false, preSimpleVerb = args['pêşgir'] or nil, postSimpleVerb = args['paşgir'] or nil, overrideBi = args['bi'] or nil, overrideDi = args['di'] or nil, overrideNa = args['na'] or nil, overrideNe = args['na'] or nil, impNegForm = nil } local tense = frame.args['dem'] or nil local pers = frame.args['kes'] or nil local presentStems = {args['niha'], args['niha2'], args['niha3']} local pastStems = {args['borî'], args['borî2'], args['borî3']} -- A few checks if (baseOpts.isTransitive == 'gerguhêz') then baseOpts.isTransitive = true elseif (baseOpts.isTransitive == 'negerguhêz') then baseOpts.isTransitive = false else return '<span style="color:red">form = gerguhêz / negerguhêz</span>' end if (baseOpts.isCompoundVerb == 'erê') then baseOpts.isCompoundVerb = true else baseOpts.isCompoundVerb = false end if (baseOpts.isNegative == 'erê') then baseOpts.isNegative = true end local tabConj = export.conjugateLong(baseOpts, tense, presentStems, pastStems).conj return tabConj[pers] end -- ==================================================================================== -- GET COMMMA SEPARED FORMS -- ==================================================================================== function export.get_comma_separated_forms(frame) local args = frame:getParent().args local opts = { presentStem = frame.args['niha'], pastStem = frame.args['borî'], isTransitive = false, isNegative = false, isCompoundVerb = frame['valahî'] or false, preSimpleVerb = frame['pêşgir'] or '', postSimpleVerb = frame['paşgir'] or '', overrideBi = frame['bi'] or nil, overrideDi = frame['di'] or nil, overrideNa = frame['na'] or nil, overrideNe = frame['na'] or nil, impNegForm = nil, } local function removeTags(tag) tag = mw.ustring.gsub(tag, '%[%[(.+)%|(.+)%]%]', '%2') tag = mw.ustring.gsub(tag, '<b>(.+)</b>', '%1') tag = mw.ustring.gsub(tag, '<span(.*)>(.*)</span>', '%2') return tag end local function concateList(tenseList) local concatList = {} for _, pers in ipairs({"s1", "s2", "s3", "p1"}) do tense = removeTags(tenseList[pers]) -- Remove tags table.insert(concatList, tense) end return table.concat(concatList, ",") end local tenseList = {'indPresent','indPreterite','indImperfect', 'indPluperfect','indPerfect','indNCPluperfect', 'indFuture','indFuturePerfect', 'subImperfect','subPluperfect' } local concatAllTense = {} for i = 1, #tenseList do local tense = tenseList[i] if export.tenseClassification[tense] then opts.tense = tense local conj = shallowCopy(export.conjugate(opts).conj) local concatTense = concateList(conj) table.insert(concatAllTense, concatTense) end end return table.concat(concatAllTense, ",") end return export plx04tw3jeygq2kt4rimi7zusgaa8to 6234236 6234235 2026-05-08T02:27:22Z Ghybu 1393 6234236 Scribunto text/plain -- Modula tewandina lêkerên kurmancî local export = {} -- Load irregular forms table -- local irreg = require('Module:ku-tewandin/dijrêzik') local langKu = require("Modul:languages").getByCode("ku") local link = require('Module:links').language_link local shallowCopy = require("Module:table/shallowCopy") local deepCopy = require("Module:table/deepCopy") -- ============================================================================= -- Pronouns in Kurmanji -- ============================================================================= export.order = {"s1", "s2", "s3", "p1", "p2", "p3"} export.pronouns = { s1 = "ez", p1 = "em", s2 = "tu", p2 = "hûn", s3 = "ew", p3 = "ew" } export.obliquePronouns = { s1 = "min", p1 = "me", s2 = "te", p2 = "we", s3 = "wê/wî", p3 = "wan" } -- Oblique pronoun (green) export.obliquePronounsGreen = { s1 = '<span style="color:green">min</span>', s2 = '<span style="color:green">te</span>', s3 = '<span style="color:green">wê/wî</span>', p1 = '<span style="color:green">me</span>', p2 = '<span style="color:green">we</span>', p3 = '<span style="color:green">wan</span>' } -- ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── -- 1) This function returns correct subject/agent pronoun, ergativity rule: -- - Transitive verbs in past tenses → oblique pronoun (green) = agent -- - All other cases → direct pronoun (no color) = subject -- 2) Also add the subjunctive prefix "(bila)" -- ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── function export.conjPronouns(stemType, mode, isTransitive) local pronouns = shallowCopy(export.pronouns) -- Ergativity in kurdish: transitive verbs that are conjugated with the past tense stem are -- conjugated according to the object, not the subject. -- Therefore, to have an ergative construction, -- the verb must be transitive and its stem must be the stem of the past tense. local isErgative = isTransitive and (stemType == 'past') -- If it's ergative, we use oblique pronouns: "min", "te", ... -- If it's not ergative, we use normal pronouns: "ez", "tu", ... if isErgative then pronouns = shallowCopy(export.obliquePronounsGreen) end -- For the subjunctive mood, we add "(bila)" at the beginning. if mode == 'subjunctive' then subjPrefix = '<span style="color:gray">(bila)</span>' for _, pers in ipairs(export.order) do pronouns[pers] = subjPrefix .. ' ' .. pronouns[pers] end end return pronouns end -- ============================================================================= -- VERBAL STRUCTURE IN THE INFINITIVE: -- Verbs in the infinitive appear in three main forms: -- 1) Simple verb (indivisible light verb): -- - ex.: "kirin", "çûn", "xwarin", ... -- 2) Verbs with preverbs (preverb + simple verb): -- - ex.: "rakirin" (ra- + kirin), "çêkirin" (çê- + kirin), "vexwarin" (ve- + xwarin), ... -- - Preverb verbs don't use the prefix "bi-" (ez ê rakim , ew ê rake , ...) -- 3) Compound verbs, construction with non-verbal element (the noun is not attached to the verb): -- - Left of the simple verb: "hez kirin" ("hez" + "kirin"), "li dar xistin" ("li dar" + "xistin"), ... -- - Right of the simple verb: "kirin der" ("kirin" + "der"), "girtin ser xwe" ("girtin" + "ser xwe"), ... -- - Compound verbs use the prefix "bi-" (ez ê hez bi-kim , ew ê hez bi-ke ) -- STRUCTURE: preSimpleVerb + spacing + simpleVerb + postSimpleVerb -- EX. kirin: preSimpleVerb=''; spacing=false; simpleVerb='kirin'; postSimpleVerb='' -- rakirin: preSimpleVerb='ra'; spacing=false; simpleVerb='kirin'; postSimpleVerb='' -- hez kirin: preSimpleVerb='hez'; spacing=true; simpleVerb='kirin'; postSimpleVerb='' -- pev çûn: preSimpleVerb='pev'; spacing=true; simpleVerb='çûn'; postSimpleVerb='' -- kirin der: preSimpleVerb=''; spacing=false; simpleVerb='kirin'; postSimpleVerb='der' -- WARNING: Conjugation can vary depending on the type of verb. -- For example, in the future tense,the prefix "bi" is used for compound verbs, -- but not for preverbal verbs, see the function that manages it "tenseClassification" table. -- This table does not yet support the mixed case: a verb composed of a noun and a preverb verb. -- ============================================================================= function export.verbType(isCompoundVerb, preSimpleVerb) local type if (preSimpleVerb and preSimpleVerb ~= '' and not isCompoundVerb) then type = 'preverbVerb' elseif isCompoundVerb then type = 'compoundVerb' else type = 'simpleVerb' end return type end -- ================================================================ -- INFLECTIONAL ENDINGS -- Assigns verb inflectional endings (suffixes) to all tenses -- ================================================================ local getEndings = {} do -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── -- Ending using present stem -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── getEndings['present'] = function(self, stem) local ends if mw.ustring.match(stem, '[aeêiîouû]$') then ends = {s1='m', s2='yî', s3='', p1='n', p2='n', p3='n'} else ends = {s1='im', s2='î', s3='e', p1='in', p2='in', p3='in'} end return ends end -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── -- Ind. preterite + ind. imperfect ending -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── getEndings['past'] = function(self, stem) local ends if mw.ustring.match(stem, '[aeêiouû]$') then ends = {s1='m', s2='yî', s3='', p1='n', p2='n', p3='n'} elseif mw.ustring.match(stem, 'î$') then -- if self.name == 'indImperfect' then -- -- special indicative ind. imperfect rule -- ends = {s1='yam', s2='yayî', s3='ya', p1='yan', p2='yan', p3='yan'} -- end ends = {s1='m', s2='', s3='', p1='n', p2='n', p3='n'} else ends = {s1='im', s2='î', s3='', p1='in', p2='in', p3='in'} end return ends end -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── -- Compound endings with auxiliary "bûn" -- Inflectional endings are created by taking the different forms of the -- verb "bûn" (with present stem "-b-" and past stem "-bû-") and -- adding an "i-" prefix before them: "i-b-im", "i-bû-m", "i-bû-me", "i-bû-ma". -- This "i-" varies according to the final letter of the verb stem. -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── local function normalize_i(stem) local prfx_i = "i" if mw.ustring.match(stem, "ya$") or mw.ustring.match(stem, "[îû]$") then -- cf. karîn (-karî-) prfx_i = "" elseif mw.ustring.match(stem, '[aeêiou]$') then prfx_i = "yi" end return prfx_i end getEndings['ibim'] = function(self, stem) local prfx_i = normalize_i(stem) return { s1 = prfx_i .. "bim", p1 = prfx_i .. "bin", s2 = prfx_i .. "bî", p2 = prfx_i .. "bin", s3 = prfx_i .. "be", p3 = prfx_i .. "bin" } end getEndings['ibûm'] = function(self, stem) local prfx_i = normalize_i(stem) return { s1 = prfx_i .. "bûm", p1 = prfx_i .. "bûn", s2 = prfx_i .. "bûyî", p2 = prfx_i .. "bûn", s3 = prfx_i .. "bû", p3 = prfx_i .. "bûn" } end getEndings['ibûme'] = function(self, stem) local prfx_i = normalize_i(stem) return { s1 = prfx_i .. "bûme", p1 = prfx_i .. "bûne", s2 = prfx_i .. "bûyiye", p2 = prfx_i .. "bûne", s3 = prfx_i .. "bûye", p3 = prfx_i .. "bûne" } end getEndings['ibûma'] = function(self, stem) local prfx_i = normalize_i(stem) return { s1 = prfx_i .. "bûma", p1 = prfx_i .. "bûna", s2 = prfx_i .. "bûyayî", p2 = prfx_i .. "bûna", s3 = prfx_i .. "bûya", p3 = prfx_i .. "bûna" } end -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── -- Ind. perfect ending. -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── getEndings['ime'] = function(self, stem) local ends if mw.ustring.match(stem, '[aeêiîouû]$') then ends = {s1="me", s2="yî", s3="ye", p1="ne", p2="ne", p3="ne"} else ends = {s1="ime", s2="iyî", s3="iye", p1="ine", p2="ine", p3="ine"} end return ends end -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── -- Subj. Imperfect ending. -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── getEndings['ama'] = function(self, stem) local ends if mw.ustring.match(stem, '[aeêiîouû]$') then ends = {s1="ma", s2="yayî", s3="ya", p1="na", p2="na", p3="na"} -- elseif mw.ustring.match(stem, 'î$') then -- ends = {s1="yama", s2="yayî", s3="yaya", p1="yana", p2="yana", p3="yana"} else ends = {s1="ama", s2="ayî", s3="a", p1="ana", p2="ana", p3="ana"} end return ends end end -- ============================================================================= -- RULES FOR PREVERBS: "bi-" and "di-" -- There are two preverbs: "bi-" and "di-". These preverbs can change form -- depending on the first letters of the verb’s present stem or past stem. -- ============================================================================= local getPreverb = {} do getPreverb['bi'] = function (opts) local opts = opts or {} local stem = opts.stem local verbType = opts.verbType local overrideBi = opts.overrideBi -- Preverb verbs don't use the preverb "bi-": ra-kirin (ez ê rakim), ve-xwarin (ez ê vexwim) , ... -- But compound verb and simple verbs use it: hez kirin (ez ê hez bi-kim), lê bigirin (ez ê lê bi-girim), ... if (verbType == 'preverbVerb') then return '' end if overrideBi then return overrideBi end -- if irreg.dijrezikBi[stem] then return irreg.dijrezikBi[stem] end -- Modification of the preverbe "bi-" according to the last letter of the stem. if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^[aeêiîouû]') then return 'b' end return 'bi' end getPreverb['di'] = function (opts) local opts = opts or {} local stem = opts.stem local overrideDi = opts.overrideDi if overrideDi then return overrideDi end -- if irreg.dijrezikDi[stem] then return irreg.dijrezikDi[stem] end -- Modification of the preverbe "di-" according to the last letter of the stem. if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^[ai]') then return 'd' end -- Ex. hatin : stem = -ê- // ez têm if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^[êî]') then return 't' end return 'di' end end -- ============================================================================= -- RULES FOR NEGATION PREFIXES: "na-" and "ne-" -- There are two negation prefixes: "na-" and "ne-". These preverbs can change -- form depending on the first letters of the verb’s present stem or past stem. -- ============================================================================= local getNegPrefix = {} do getNegPrefix['na'] = function (opts) local opts = opts or {} local stem = opts.stem local overrideNa = opts.overrideNa if overrideNa then return '<b>' .. overrideNa .. '</b>' end -- if irreg.dijrezikNa[stem] then return irreg.dijrezikNa[stem] end -- Add sufix "-y" before certain vowels. if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^[eêiîouû]') then return '<b>nay</b>' end -- Elision before stems beginning with "a-" (removal of the final "-e"). if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^a') then return '<b>n</b>' end -- Tîpa duyem "-a-" ye (k-a-rîn, z-a-nîn, ...) if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^%wa') then return '<b>ni</b>' end return '<b>na</b>' end getNegPrefix['ne'] = function (opts) local opts = opts or {} local stem = opts.stem local tenseName = opts.tenseName local impNegForm = opts.impNegForm local overrideNe = opts.overrideNe if overrideNe then return '<b>' .. overrideNe .. '</b>' end -- if irreg.dijrezikNe[stem] then return irreg.dijrezikNe[stem] end local negPrefix = 'ne' -- There are two forms of construction of the imperative, -- one with the prefix "me-" and the other with the prefix "ne-". if (tenseName == 'impPresent') then negPrefix = (impNegForm == 2) and 'ne' or 'me' end -- Add sufix "-y" before certain vowels. if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^[eêiîouû]') then return '<b>' .. negPrefix .. 'y</b>' end -- Elision before stems beginning with "a-" (removal of the final "-e"). if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^a') then negPreFix = mw.ustring.sub(negPrefix, 1, -2) return '<b>' .. negPrefix .. '</b>' end return '<b>' .. negPrefix .. '</b>' end end -- ============================================================================= -- Standardization of the PREVERBAL PARTICLE -- The proverbial particle "ê" is placed after the personal pronoun. -- ============================================================================= -- If there are no verbal preparticles, return empty table. local function getPreverbParticules(preverbParticle, typeStem, isTransitive) if not preverbParticle then return {s1='', s2='', s3='', p1='', p2='', p3=''} end if preverbParticle == 'ê' then local isErgative = isTransitive and (typeStem == 'past') -- When the personal pronoun ends in a vowel, a "y-" is added before "ê". -- If it's ergative, we use oblique pronouns: "min", "te", ... if isErgative then return {s1='ê', s2='yê', s3='yê', p1='yê', p2='yê', p3='ê'} else return {s1='ê', s2='yê', s3='ê', p1='ê', p2='ê', p3='ê'} end end -- If the verbal preparticle is identical for all pronouns, -- we create a table with the same value. local preverbParticles = {} for _, pers in ipairs(export.order) do preverbParticles[pers] = preverbParticle end return preverbParticles end -- ============================================================================= -- RULES FOR CONSTRUCTING EACH VERB TENSE -- This table lists, for each verb tense, what elements are required to form it: -- - Verb conjugation is built by placing either the preverb "bi-" or "di-" before -- the verb stem (past or present), followed by a personal ending. -- - For the negative form, one of the prefixes "na-" or "ne-" is added as well. -- - In some cases, a preverbal particle such as /ê/ or /dê/ is added before -- the conjugated verb as well. -- Not: - The "negPreverb" (preverb (bi-/di-) for negative tenses) parameter has a -- value different from "nil" only for the Imperfect tense ("negPreverb=di"). -- - The parameter "negPrefix=na" is used only for the present indicative. -- -- Preverb "di", used in: "indPresent"(present stem), "indImperfect"(past stem) -- - Bo neyînî: pêşgira "di-" tenê di nav dema "IndImperfect" de tê bikaranîn. -- Preverb "bi", used in: "indFuture"(present stem), "subPresent"(present stem), -- "subImperfect"(past stem) = "condPresent"(past stem) -- - The prefix "bi-" isn't used in negative forms. -- -- Present stem, used in: "indPresent"(di)(na), -- "indFuture"(bi)(ne) = "subPresent"(bi)(ne) -- -- Past stem, used in: "indPreterite"(-)(ne), "indImperfect"(di)(ne), "indPluperfect"(-)(ne), -- "indPerfect"(-)(ne), "indNCPluperfect"(-)(ne), "indFuturePerfect"(-)(ne), -- "subPreterite"(-)(ne), -- "subImperfect"(bi)(ne) = "condPresent"(bi)(ne), -- "subPluperfect"(-)(ne) = "condPreterite"(-)(ne) -- ============================================================================= -- Some conjugations are identical except that they differ only in the preverbal particle (/ê/, /dê/). -- So, to avoid repeating the same information (and thus risking errors), -- we establish the common part shared between these verbs. local commonRules = { indFuture = { stem = "present", preverb = getPreverb['bi'], negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['present'] }, indFuturePerfect = { stem = "past", preverb = nil, negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['ibim'] }, subImperfect = { stem = "past", preverb = getPreverb['bi'], negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['ama'] }, subPluperfect = { stem = "past", preverb = nil, negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['ibûma'] } } local mt = { __index = function(t, k) local common = t._common if common then return common[k] end end } -- TENSE AND MOOD CLASSIFICATION TABLE export.tenseClassification = { -- IMPERATIVE MOOD impPresent = setmetatable({ name = "impPresent", nameKu = "raweya fermanî", nameEn = "present imperative", mode = "imperative", _common = commonRules.indFuture, preverbParticle = nil }, mt), -- INDICATIVE MOOD indPresent = { name = "indPresent", nameKu = "dema niha", nameEn = "present", mode = "indicative", stem = "present", preverb = getPreverb['di'], negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['na'], endings = getEndings['present'], preverbParticle = nil }, indPreterite = { name = "indPreterite", nameKu = "raboriya sade", nameEn = "simple past", mode = "indicative", stem = "past", preverb = nil, negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['past'], preverbParticle = nil }, indImperfect = { name = "indImperfect", nameKu = "raboriya berdest", nameEn = "Imperfect", mode = "indicative", stem = "past", preverb = getPreverb['di'], negPreverb = getPreverb['di'], negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['past'], preverbParticle = nil }, indPluperfect = { name = "indPluperfect", nameKu = "raboriya dûr", nameEn = "pluperfect", mode = "indicative", stem = "past", preverb = nil, negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['ibûm'], preverbParticle = nil }, indFuture = setmetatable({ name = "indFuture", nameKu = "dema bê", nameEn = "future", mode = "indicative", _common = commonRules.indFuture, preverbParticle = 'ê' }, mt), indFuturePerfect = setmetatable({ name = "indFuturePerfect", nameKu = "dahatiya pêş", nameEn = "future perfect", mode = "indicative", _common = commonRules.indFuturePerfect, preverbParticle = 'ê' }, mt), -- In some books, the "perfect" and "nonconfirmative pluperfect" tenses -- are classified in the "inferential mood" ("moda neşahidî"). -- Currently we classify them using the indicative mood (at the end). indPerfect = { name = "indPerfect", nameKu = "raboriya dûdar", nameEn = "perfect", mode = "indicative", stem = "past", preverb = nil, negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['ime'], preverbParticle = nil }, indNCPluperfect = { name = "indNCPluperfect", nameKu = "çîrokiya boriya dûdar", nameEn = "nonconfirmative pluperfect", mode = "indicative", stem = "past", preverb = nil, negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['ibûme'], preverbParticle = nil }, -- SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD subPresent = setmetatable({ name = "subPresent", nameKu = "dema nihaya xwestekî", nameEn = "present subjunctive", mode = "subjunctive", _common = commonRules.indFuture, preverbParticle = nil }, mt), subPreterite = setmetatable({ name = "subPreterite", nameKu = "dema boriya xwestekî", nameEn = "preterite subjunctive", mode = "subjunctive", _common = commonRules.indFuturePerfect, preverbParticle = nil, }, mt), subImperfect = setmetatable({ name = "subImperfect", nameKu = "raboriya bilaniyê", nameEn = "imperfect subjunctive", mode = "subjunctive", _common = commonRules.subImperfect, preverbParticle = nil, }, mt), subPluperfect = setmetatable({ name = "subPluperfect", nameKu = "raboriya dûr a bilaniyê", nameEn = "pluperfect subjunctive", mode = "subjunctive", _common = commonRules.subPluperfect, preverbParticle = nil }, mt), -- CONDITIONAL MOOD condPresent = setmetatable({ name = "condPresent", nameKu = "çîrokiya dema nihaya mercî", nameEn = "present conditional", mode = "conditional", _common = commonRules.subImperfect, preverbParticle = 'ê' }, mt), condPreterite = setmetatable({ name = "condPreterite", nameKu = "dema boriya mercî", nameEn = "preterite conditional", mode = "conditional", _common = commonRules.subPluperfect, preverbParticle = 'ê' }, mt), } -- ============================================================================= -- MAIN CONJUGATION FUNCTOIN -- This function returns an array containing the conjugation table for a given -- tense as well as other information about the conjugated verb. -- ============================================================================= function export.conjugate(opts) opts = opts or {} -- Required parameters local tense = opts.tense or error("'tense' required", 2) --One of the two parameters is required: -- - If the tense uses the present stem, indicate "presentStem". -- - If it uses the past stem, indicate "pastStem". local presentStem = opts.presentStem local pastStem = opts.pastStem -- Optional parameters local isTransitive = opts.isTransitive or false -- Indicate if the verb is transitive (true/false) local isNegative = opts.isNegative or false -- Indicate if it's the negative form (true/false) local isCompoundVerb = opts.isCompoundVerb or false -- Indicate if it's a compound verb (true/false) local preSimpleVerb = opts.preSimpleVerb or '' -- The part before the simple verb local postSimpleVerb = opts.postSimpleVerb or '' -- The part after the simple verb -- These parameters are provided when the verb is irregular. -- Allows you to manually modify preverbs ("bi-"" or "di-") -- and negation prefixes ("na-" or "ne-") local overrideBi = opts.overrideBi or nil local overrideDi = opts.overrideDi or nil local overrideNa = opts.overrideNa or nil local overrideNe = opts.overrideNe or nil -- By default, the negation of the imperative is constructed from the prefix "me-"". -- To obtain the second variant, the prefix with "ne-", you must specify "impNegForm=2". local impNegForm = opts.impNegForm or nil -- Access to the classification table and retrieval of verb tense parameters local infoTense = deepCopy(export.tenseClassification[tense], 'copy') or false -- We check that this tense is indeed in table "tenseClassification". if (not infoTense) then return '<span style="color:red">Unknown tense: ' .. tense ..'</span>' end -- We check that one of the two parameters of the stem is given if (infoTense.stem == 'present' and not presentStem) then return '<span style="color:red">presentStem parameter required</span>' elseif (infoTense.stem == 'past' and not pastStem) then return '<span style="color:red">pasttStem parameter required</span>' end -- Choice between the present stem or past stem local stem = (infoTense.stem == 'present') and presentStem or pastStem --──────────────────────────── -- Conjugation construction -- -- ─────────────────────────── local preverb = '' local negPrefix = '' -- Ruturns the verb type: "simpleVerb" or "preverbVerb" or "compoundVerb" local verbType = export.verbType(isCompoundVerb, preSimpleVerb) if isNegative then negPrefix = infoTense.negPrefix{stem=stem, tenseName=tense, impNegForm=impNegForm, overrideNa=overrideNa, overrideNe=overrideNe} if infoTense.negPreverb then preverb = infoTense.negPreverb{stem=stem, verbType=verbType, overrideBi=overrideBi, overrideDi=overrideDi} end else if infoTense.preverb then preverb = infoTense.preverb{stem=stem, verbType=verbType, overrideBi=overrideBi, overrideDi=overrideDi} end end infoTense.conj = {} local spacing = isCompoundVerb and ' ' or '' local endings = infoTense:endings(stem) local preverbParticles = getPreverbParticules(infoTense.preverbParticle, infoTense.stem, isTransitive) local isErgative = isTransitive and (infoTense.stem == 'past') -- Creating the conjugation table for a given tense for _, pers in ipairs(export.order) do local ending = '' local conjSimbleVerb = '' local conjVerb = '' if isErgative then ending = endings.s3 else ending = endings[pers] end -- Adding space after the preverbal particle local preverbParticle = preverbParticles[pers] if preverbParticle ~= '' then preverbParticle = preverbParticle .. ' ' end conjSimbleVerb = negPrefix .. preverb .. stem .. ending -- Adding prefixe and suffixe conjVerb = preSimpleVerb .. spacing .. conjSimbleVerb .. postSimpleVerb -- Spelling correction(îy -> iy) conjVerb = mw.ustring.gsub(conjVerb, 'îy', 'iy') -- Add a link conjVerb = link{term=conjVerb, lang=langKu} -- Addition of the preverbal particle infoTense.conj[pers] = preverbParticle .. conjVerb end -- Imperative if (infoTense.name == 'impPresent') then infoTense.conj.s1 = nil infoTense.conj.s2 = infoTense.conj.s3 infoTense.conj.s3 = nil infoTense.conj.p1 = nil --infoTense.conj.p2 = infoTense.conj.p2 infoTense.conj.p3 = nil end return infoTense end -- ============================================================================= -- END -- ============================================================================= -- ADDITIONAL STEM OF THE PAST AND PRESENT (pastStem2, ... and presentStem2, ...) -- This function does nothing more than add additional parameters for verb stems -- in the past and present tenses. -- Conjugations for the different stems will be separated by "/" -- ============================================================================= function export.conjugateLong(baseOpts, tense, presentStems, pastStems) local opts = baseOpts or {} opts.tense = tense or nil local presentStems = presentStems or {} local pastStems = pastStems or {} local infoTense = deepCopy(export.tenseClassification[tense], 'copy') or false -- We check that this tense is indeed in table "tenseClassification". if not infoTense then return '<span style="color:red">Unknown tense: ' .. tense ..'</span>' end local stems = (infoTense.stem == 'present') and presentStems or pastStems -- For each verb stem, its conjugation table is calculated and stored in conjTabs. local conjTabs = {} for i = 1, #stems do if stems[i] then if (infoTense.stem == 'past') then opts.pastStem = stems[i] end if (infoTense.stem == 'present') then opts.presentStem = stems[i] end local conj = export.conjugate(opts).conj table.insert(conjTabs, conj) end end -- We concatenate each row of the conjugation tables. local concatConjTabs = {} for _, pers in ipairs(export.order) do local frag = {} for i = 1, #conjTabs do local val = conjTabs[i][pers] if val then table.insert(frag, tostring(val)) end end concatConjTabs[pers] = table.concat(frag, " / ") end infoTense.conj = concatConjTabs return infoTense end -- ==================================================================================== -- VERB CONUGATION IN ALL TENSES WITH PRONOUMS -- ==================================================================================== function export.conjugateAllTenses(baseOpts, presentStems, pastStems, negation) local opts = baseOpts or {} if negation == 'negative' then opts.isNegative = true end -- Concatenation of pronouns and conjugated verbs local function concatPronomsVerbs(pronoms, conjVerbs) local concatTab = {} for _, pers in ipairs(export.order) do concatTab[pers] = pronoms[pers] .. ' ' .. conjVerbs[pers] end return concatTab end -- Returns the list of verb tenses local tenseList = {} for _, tense in pairs(export.tenseClassification) do table.insert(tenseList, tense.name) end -- Conjugation in all tenses tab = {} for _, tense in ipairs(tenseList) do local infoTense = deepCopy(export.tenseClassification[tense], 'copy') tab[tense] = deepCopy(export.conjugateLong(opts, tense, presentStems, pastStems), 'copy') -- No pronoun for the imperative mood if tense ~= 'impPresent' then local pronoms = deepCopy(export.conjPronouns(infoTense.stem, infoTense.mode, opts.isTransitive)) tab[tense].conj = concatPronomsVerbs(pronoms, tab[tense].conj) end end return tab end -- ==================================================================================== -- Allows you to obtain a given conjugation from a model. -- Ex. in the template: {{#invoke:ku-tewandin|tew|dem=indPresent|kes=s1}} -- See {{ku-tewîn-lk-niha}} -- ==================================================================================== function export.tew(frame) local args = frame:getParent().args local baseOpts = { isNegative = frame.args['neyînî'] or false, isTransitive = args['form'], isCompoundVerb = args['valahî'] or false, preSimpleVerb = args['pêşgir'] or nil, postSimpleVerb = args['paşgir'] or nil, overrideBi = args['bi'] or nil, overrideDi = args['di'] or nil, overrideNa = args['na'] or nil, overrideNe = args['na'] or nil, impNegForm = nil } local tense = frame.args['dem'] or nil local pers = frame.args['kes'] or nil local presentStems = {args['niha'], args['niha2'], args['niha3']} local pastStems = {args['borî'], args['borî2'], args['borî3']} -- A few checks if (baseOpts.isTransitive == 'gerguhêz') then baseOpts.isTransitive = true elseif (baseOpts.isTransitive == 'negerguhêz') then baseOpts.isTransitive = false else return '<span style="color:red">form = gerguhêz / negerguhêz</span>' end if (baseOpts.isCompoundVerb == 'erê') then baseOpts.isCompoundVerb = true else baseOpts.isCompoundVerb = false end if (baseOpts.isNegative == 'erê') then baseOpts.isNegative = true end local tabConj = export.conjugateLong(baseOpts, tense, presentStems, pastStems).conj return tabConj[pers] end -- ==================================================================================== -- GET COMMMA SEPARED FORMS -- ==================================================================================== function export.get_comma_separated_forms(frame) local args = frame:getParent().args local opts = { presentStem = frame.args['niha'], pastStem = frame.args['borî'], isTransitive = false, isNegative = false, isCompoundVerb = frame['valahî'] or false, preSimpleVerb = frame['pêşgir'] or '', postSimpleVerb = frame['paşgir'] or '', overrideBi = frame['bi'] or nil, overrideDi = frame['di'] or nil, overrideNa = frame['na'] or nil, overrideNe = frame['na'] or nil, impNegForm = nil, } local function removeTags(tag) tag = mw.ustring.gsub(tag, '%[%[(.+)%|(.+)%]%]', '%2') tag = mw.ustring.gsub(tag, '<b>(.+)</b>', '%1') tag = mw.ustring.gsub(tag, '<span(.*)>(.*)</span>', '%2') return tag end local function concateList(tenseList) local concatList = {} for _, pers in ipairs({"s1", "s2", "s3", "p1"}) do tense = removeTags(tenseList[pers]) -- Remove tags table.insert(concatList, tense) end return table.concat(concatList, ",") end local tenseList = {'indPresent','indPreterite','indImperfect', 'indPluperfect','indPerfect','indNCPluperfect', 'indFuture','indFuturePerfect', 'subImperfect','subPluperfect' } local concatAllTense = {} for i = 1, #tenseList do local tense = tenseList[i] if export.tenseClassification[tense] then opts.tense = tense local conj = shallowCopy(export.conjugate(opts).conj) local concatTense = concateList(conj) table.insert(concatAllTense, concatTense) end end return table.concat(concatAllTense, ",") end return export lfqdgfoyv5pm182bxwy8e8py0ipc9hm 6234237 6234236 2026-05-08T02:28:38Z Ghybu 1393 6234237 Scribunto text/plain -- Modula tewandina lêkerên kurmancî local export = {} -- Load irregular forms table -- local irreg = require('Module:ku-tewandin/dijrêzik') local langKu = require("Modul:languages").getByCode("ku") local link = require('Module:links').language_link local shallowCopy = require("Module:table/shallowCopy") local deepCopy = require("Module:table/deepCopy") -- ============================================================================= -- Pronouns in Kurmanji -- ============================================================================= export.order = {"s1", "s2", "s3", "p1", "p2", "p3"} export.pronouns = { s1 = "ez", p1 = "em", s2 = "tu", p2 = "hûn", s3 = "ew", p3 = "ew" } export.obliquePronouns = { s1 = "min", p1 = "me", s2 = "te", p2 = "we", s3 = "wê/wî", p3 = "wan" } -- Oblique pronoun (green) export.obliquePronounsGreen = { s1 = '<span style="color:green">min</span>', s2 = '<span style="color:green">te</span>', s3 = '<span style="color:green">wê/wî</span>', p1 = '<span style="color:green">me</span>', p2 = '<span style="color:green">we</span>', p3 = '<span style="color:green">wan</span>' } -- ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── -- 1) This function returns correct subject/agent pronoun, ergativity rule: -- - Transitive verbs in past tenses → oblique pronoun (green) = agent -- - All other cases → direct pronoun (no color) = subject -- 2) Also add the subjunctive prefix "(bila)" -- ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── function export.conjPronouns(stemType, mode, isTransitive) local pronouns = shallowCopy(export.pronouns) -- Ergativity in kurdish: transitive verbs that are conjugated with the past tense stem are -- conjugated according to the object, not the subject. -- Therefore, to have an ergative construction, -- the verb must be transitive and its stem must be the stem of the past tense. local isErgative = isTransitive and (stemType == 'past') -- If it's ergative, we use oblique pronouns: "min", "te", ... -- If it's not ergative, we use normal pronouns: "ez", "tu", ... if isErgative then pronouns = shallowCopy(export.obliquePronounsGreen) end -- For the subjunctive mood, we add "(bila)" at the beginning. if mode == 'subjunctive' then subjPrefix = '<span style="color:gray">(bila)</span>' for _, pers in ipairs(export.order) do pronouns[pers] = subjPrefix .. ' ' .. pronouns[pers] end end return pronouns end -- ============================================================================= -- VERBAL STRUCTURE IN THE INFINITIVE: -- Verbs in the infinitive appear in three main forms: -- 1) Simple verb (indivisible light verb): -- - ex.: "kirin", "çûn", "xwarin", ... -- 2) Verbs with preverbs (preverb + simple verb): -- - ex.: "rakirin" (ra- + kirin), "çêkirin" (çê- + kirin), "vexwarin" (ve- + xwarin), ... -- - Preverb verbs don't use the prefix "bi-" (ez ê rakim , ew ê rake , ...) -- 3) Compound verbs, construction with non-verbal element (the noun is not attached to the verb): -- - Left of the simple verb: "hez kirin" ("hez" + "kirin"), "li dar xistin" ("li dar" + "xistin"), ... -- - Right of the simple verb: "kirin der" ("kirin" + "der"), "girtin ser xwe" ("girtin" + "ser xwe"), ... -- - Compound verbs use the prefix "bi-" (ez ê hez bi-kim , ew ê hez bi-ke ) -- STRUCTURE: preSimpleVerb + spacing + simpleVerb + postSimpleVerb -- EX. kirin: preSimpleVerb=''; spacing=false; simpleVerb='kirin'; postSimpleVerb='' -- rakirin: preSimpleVerb='ra'; spacing=false; simpleVerb='kirin'; postSimpleVerb='' -- hez kirin: preSimpleVerb='hez'; spacing=true; simpleVerb='kirin'; postSimpleVerb='' -- pev çûn: preSimpleVerb='pev'; spacing=true; simpleVerb='çûn'; postSimpleVerb='' -- kirin der: preSimpleVerb=''; spacing=false; simpleVerb='kirin'; postSimpleVerb='der' -- WARNING: Conjugation can vary depending on the type of verb. -- For example, in the future tense,the prefix "bi" is used for compound verbs, -- but not for preverbal verbs, see the function that manages it "tenseClassification" table. -- This table does not yet support the mixed case: a verb composed of a noun and a preverb verb. -- ============================================================================= function export.verbType(isCompoundVerb, preSimpleVerb) local type if (preSimpleVerb and preSimpleVerb ~= '' and not isCompoundVerb) then type = 'preverbVerb' elseif isCompoundVerb then type = 'compoundVerb' else type = 'simpleVerb' end return type end -- ================================================================ -- INFLECTIONAL ENDINGS -- Assigns verb inflectional endings (suffixes) to all tenses -- ================================================================ local getEndings = {} do -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── -- Ending using present stem -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── getEndings['present'] = function(self, stem) local ends if mw.ustring.match(stem, '[aeêiîouû]$') then ends = {s1='m', s2='yî', s3='', p1='n', p2='n', p3='n'} else ends = {s1='im', s2='î', s3='e', p1='in', p2='in', p3='in'} end return ends end -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── -- Ind. preterite + ind. imperfect ending -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── getEndings['past'] = function(self, stem) local ends if mw.ustring.match(stem, '[aeêiouû]$') then ends = {s1='m', s2='yî', s3='', p1='n', p2='n', p3='n'} elseif mw.ustring.match(stem, 'î$') then -- if self.name == 'indImperfect' then -- -- special indicative ind. imperfect rule -- ends = {s1='yam', s2='yayî', s3='ya', p1='yan', p2='yan', p3='yan'} -- end ends = {s1='m', s2='', s3='', p1='n', p2='n', p3='n'} else ends = {s1='im', s2='î', s3='', p1='in', p2='in', p3='in'} end return ends end -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── -- Compound endings with auxiliary "bûn" -- Inflectional endings are created by taking the different forms of the -- verb "bûn" (with present stem "-b-" and past stem "-bû-") and -- adding an "i-" prefix before them: "i-b-im", "i-bû-m", "i-bû-me", "i-bû-ma". -- This "i-" varies according to the final letter of the verb stem. -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── local function normalize_i(stem) local prfx_i = "i" if mw.ustring.match(stem, "ya$") or mw.ustring.match(stem, "[îû]$") then -- cf. karîn (-karî-) prfx_i = "" elseif mw.ustring.match(stem, '[aeêiou]$') then prfx_i = "yi" end return prfx_i end getEndings['ibim'] = function(self, stem) local prfx_i = normalize_i(stem) return { s1 = prfx_i .. "bim", p1 = prfx_i .. "bin", s2 = prfx_i .. "bî", p2 = prfx_i .. "bin", s3 = prfx_i .. "be", p3 = prfx_i .. "bin" } end getEndings['ibûm'] = function(self, stem) local prfx_i = normalize_i(stem) return { s1 = prfx_i .. "bûm", p1 = prfx_i .. "bûn", s2 = prfx_i .. "bûyî", p2 = prfx_i .. "bûn", s3 = prfx_i .. "bû", p3 = prfx_i .. "bûn" } end getEndings['ibûme'] = function(self, stem) local prfx_i = normalize_i(stem) return { s1 = prfx_i .. "bûme", p1 = prfx_i .. "bûne", s2 = prfx_i .. "bûyiye", p2 = prfx_i .. "bûne", s3 = prfx_i .. "bûye", p3 = prfx_i .. "bûne" } end getEndings['ibûma'] = function(self, stem) local prfx_i = normalize_i(stem) return { s1 = prfx_i .. "bûma", p1 = prfx_i .. "bûna", s2 = prfx_i .. "bûyayî", p2 = prfx_i .. "bûna", s3 = prfx_i .. "bûya", p3 = prfx_i .. "bûna" } end -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── -- Ind. perfect ending. -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── getEndings['ime'] = function(self, stem) local ends if mw.ustring.match(stem, '[aeêiîouû]$') then ends = {s1="me", s2="yî", s3="ye", p1="ne", p2="ne", p3="ne"} else ends = {s1="ime", s2="iyî", s3="iye", p1="ine", p2="ine", p3="ine"} end return ends end -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── -- Subj. Imperfect ending. -- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── getEndings['ama'] = function(self, stem) local ends if mw.ustring.match(stem, '[aeêiîouû]$') then ends = {s1="ma", s2="yayî", s3="ya", p1="na", p2="na", p3="na"} -- elseif mw.ustring.match(stem, 'î$') then -- ends = {s1="yama", s2="yayî", s3="yaya", p1="yana", p2="yana", p3="yana"} else ends = {s1="ama", s2="ayî", s3="a", p1="ana", p2="ana", p3="ana"} end return ends end end -- ============================================================================= -- RULES FOR PREVERBS: "bi-" and "di-" -- There are two preverbs: "bi-" and "di-". These preverbs can change form -- depending on the first letters of the verb’s present stem or past stem. -- ============================================================================= local getPreverb = {} do getPreverb['bi'] = function (opts) local opts = opts or {} local stem = opts.stem local verbType = opts.verbType local overrideBi = opts.overrideBi -- Preverb verbs don't use the preverb "bi-": ra-kirin (ez ê rakim), ve-xwarin (ez ê vexwim) , ... -- But compound verb and simple verbs use it: hez kirin (ez ê hez bi-kim), lê bigirin (ez ê lê bi-girim), ... if (verbType == 'preverbVerb') then return '' end if overrideBi then return overrideBi end -- if irreg.dijrezikBi[stem] then return irreg.dijrezikBi[stem] end -- Modification of the preverbe "bi-" according to the last letter of the stem. if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^[aeêiîouû]') then return 'b' end return 'bi' end getPreverb['di'] = function (opts) local opts = opts or {} local stem = opts.stem local overrideDi = opts.overrideDi if overrideDi then return overrideDi end -- if irreg.dijrezikDi[stem] then return irreg.dijrezikDi[stem] end -- Modification of the preverbe "di-" according to the last letter of the stem. if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^[ai]') then return 'd' end -- Ex. hatin : stem = -ê- // ez têm if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^[êî]') then return 't' end return 'di' end end -- ============================================================================= -- RULES FOR NEGATION PREFIXES: "na-" and "ne-" -- There are two negation prefixes: "na-" and "ne-". These preverbs can change -- form depending on the first letters of the verb’s present stem or past stem. -- ============================================================================= local getNegPrefix = {} do getNegPrefix['na'] = function (opts) local opts = opts or {} local stem = opts.stem local overrideNa = opts.overrideNa if overrideNa then return '<b>' .. overrideNa .. '</b>' end -- if irreg.dijrezikNa[stem] then return irreg.dijrezikNa[stem] end -- Add sufix "-y" before certain vowels. if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^[eêiîouû]') then return '<b>nay</b>' end -- Elision before stems beginning with "a-" (removal of the final "-e"). if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^a') then return '<b>n</b>' end -- Tîpa duyem "-a-" ye (k-a-rîn, z-a-nîn, ...) if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^%wa') then return '<b>ni</b>' end return '<b>na</b>' end getNegPrefix['ne'] = function (opts) local opts = opts or {} local stem = opts.stem local tenseName = opts.tenseName local impNegForm = opts.impNegForm local overrideNe = opts.overrideNe if overrideNe then return '<b>' .. overrideNe .. '</b>' end -- if irreg.dijrezikNe[stem] then return irreg.dijrezikNe[stem] end local negPrefix = 'ne' -- There are two forms of construction of the imperative, -- one with the prefix "me-" and the other with the prefix "ne-". if (tenseName == 'impPresent') then negPrefix = (impNegForm == 2) and 'ne' or 'me' end -- Add sufix "-y" before certain vowels. if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^[eêiîouû]') then return '<b>' .. negPrefix .. 'y</b>' end -- Elision before stems beginning with "a-" (removal of the final "-e"). if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^a') then negPreFix = mw.ustring.sub(negPrefix, 1, -2) return '<b>' .. negPrefix .. '</b>' end return '<b>' .. negPrefix .. '</b>' end end -- ============================================================================= -- Standardization of the PREVERBAL PARTICLE -- The proverbial particle "ê" is placed after the personal pronoun. -- ============================================================================= -- If there are no verbal preparticles, return empty table. local function getPreverbParticules(preverbParticle, typeStem, isTransitive) if not preverbParticle then return {s1='', s2='', s3='', p1='', p2='', p3=''} end if preverbParticle == 'ê' then local isErgative = isTransitive and (typeStem == 'past') -- When the personal pronoun ends in a vowel, a "y-" is added before "ê". -- If it's ergative, we use oblique pronouns: "min", "te", ... if isErgative then return {s1='ê', s2='yê', s3='yê', p1='yê', p2='yê', p3='ê'} else return {s1='ê', s2='yê', s3='ê', p1='ê', p2='ê', p3='ê'} end end -- If the verbal preparticle is identical for all pronouns, -- we create a table with the same value. local preverbParticles = {} for _, pers in ipairs(export.order) do preverbParticles[pers] = preverbParticle end return preverbParticles end -- ============================================================================= -- RULES FOR CONSTRUCTING EACH VERB TENSE -- This table lists, for each verb tense, what elements are required to form it: -- - Verb conjugation is built by placing either the preverb "bi-" or "di-" before -- the verb stem (past or present), followed by a personal ending. -- - For the negative form, one of the prefixes "na-" or "ne-" is added as well. -- - In some cases, a preverbal particle such as /ê/ or /dê/ is added before -- the conjugated verb as well. -- Not: - The "negPreverb" (preverb (bi-/di-) for negative tenses) parameter has a -- value different from "nil" only for the Imperfect tense ("negPreverb=di"). -- - The parameter "negPrefix=na" is used only for the present indicative. -- -- Preverb "di", used in: "indPresent"(present stem), "indImperfect"(past stem) -- - Bo neyînî: pêşgira "di-" tenê di nav dema "IndImperfect" de tê bikaranîn. -- Preverb "bi", used in: "indFuture"(present stem), "subPresent"(present stem), -- "subImperfect"(past stem) = "condPresent"(past stem) -- - The prefix "bi-" isn't used in negative forms. -- -- Present stem, used in: "indPresent"(di)(na), -- "indFuture"(bi)(ne) = "subPresent"(bi)(ne) -- -- Past stem, used in: "indPreterite"(-)(ne), "indImperfect"(di)(ne), "indPluperfect"(-)(ne), -- "indPerfect"(-)(ne), "indNCPluperfect"(-)(ne), "indFuturePerfect"(-)(ne), -- "subPreterite"(-)(ne), -- "subImperfect"(bi)(ne) = "condPresent"(bi)(ne), -- "subPluperfect"(-)(ne) = "condPreterite"(-)(ne) -- ============================================================================= -- Some conjugations are identical except that they differ only in the preverbal particle (/ê/, /dê/). -- So, to avoid repeating the same information (and thus risking errors), -- we establish the common part shared between these verbs. local commonRules = { indFuture = { stem = "present", preverb = getPreverb['bi'], negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['present'] }, indFuturePerfect = { stem = "past", preverb = nil, negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['ibim'] }, subImperfect = { stem = "past", preverb = getPreverb['bi'], negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['ama'] }, subPluperfect = { stem = "past", preverb = nil, negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['ibûma'] } } local mt = { __index = function(t, k) local common = t._common if common then return common[k] end end } -- TENSE AND MOOD CLASSIFICATION TABLE export.tenseClassification = { -- IMPERATIVE MOOD impPresent = setmetatable({ name = "impPresent", nameKu = "raweya fermanî", nameEn = "present imperative", mode = "imperative", _common = commonRules.indFuture, preverbParticle = nil }, mt), -- INDICATIVE MOOD indPresent = { name = "indPresent", nameKu = "dema niha", nameEn = "present", mode = "indicative", stem = "present", preverb = getPreverb['di'], negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['na'], endings = getEndings['present'], preverbParticle = nil }, indPreterite = { name = "indPreterite", nameKu = "raboriya sade", nameEn = "simple past", mode = "indicative", stem = "past", preverb = nil, negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['past'], preverbParticle = nil }, indImperfect = { name = "indImperfect", nameKu = "raboriya berdest", nameEn = "Imperfect", mode = "indicative", stem = "past", preverb = getPreverb['di'], negPreverb = getPreverb['di'], negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['past'], preverbParticle = nil }, indPluperfect = { name = "indPluperfect", nameKu = "raboriya dûr", nameEn = "pluperfect", mode = "indicative", stem = "past", preverb = nil, negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['ibûm'], preverbParticle = nil }, indFuture = setmetatable({ name = "indFuture", nameKu = "dema bê", nameEn = "future", mode = "indicative", _common = commonRules.indFuture, preverbParticle = 'ê' }, mt), indFuturePerfect = setmetatable({ name = "indFuturePerfect", nameKu = "dahatiya pêş", nameEn = "future perfect", mode = "indicative", _common = commonRules.indFuturePerfect, preverbParticle = 'ê' }, mt), -- In some books, the "perfect" and "nonconfirmative pluperfect" tenses -- are classified in the "inferential mood" ("moda neşahidî"). -- Currently we classify them using the indicative mood (at the end). indPerfect = { name = "indPerfect", nameKu = "raboriya dûdar", nameEn = "perfect", mode = "indicative", stem = "past", preverb = nil, negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['ime'], preverbParticle = nil }, indNCPluperfect = { name = "indNCPluperfect", nameKu = "çîrokiya boriya dûdar", nameEn = "nonconfirmative pluperfect", mode = "indicative", stem = "past", preverb = nil, negPreverb = nil, negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'], endings = getEndings['ibûme'], preverbParticle = nil }, -- SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD subPresent = setmetatable({ name = "subPresent", nameKu = "dema nihaya xwestekî", nameEn = "present subjunctive", mode = "subjunctive", _common = commonRules.indFuture, preverbParticle = nil }, mt), subPreterite = setmetatable({ name = "subPreterite", nameKu = "dema boriya xwestekî", nameEn = "preterite subjunctive", mode = "subjunctive", _common = commonRules.indFuturePerfect, preverbParticle = nil, }, mt), subImperfect = setmetatable({ name = "subImperfect", nameKu = "raboriya bilaniyê", nameEn = "imperfect subjunctive", mode = "subjunctive", _common = commonRules.subImperfect, preverbParticle = nil, }, mt), subPluperfect = setmetatable({ name = "subPluperfect", nameKu = "raboriya dûr a bilaniyê", nameEn = "pluperfect subjunctive", mode = "subjunctive", _common = commonRules.subPluperfect, preverbParticle = nil }, mt), -- CONDITIONAL MOOD condPresent = setmetatable({ name = "condPresent", nameKu = "çîrokiya dema nihaya mercî", nameEn = "present conditional", mode = "conditional", _common = commonRules.subImperfect, preverbParticle = 'ê' }, mt), condPreterite = setmetatable({ name = "condPreterite", nameKu = "dema boriya mercî", nameEn = "preterite conditional", mode = "conditional", _common = commonRules.subPluperfect, preverbParticle = 'ê' }, mt), } -- ============================================================================= -- MAIN CONJUGATION FUNCTOIN -- This function returns an array containing the conjugation table for a given -- tense as well as other information about the conjugated verb. -- ============================================================================= function export.conjugate(opts) opts = opts or {} -- Required parameters local tense = opts.tense or error("'tense' required", 2) --One of the two parameters is required: -- - If the tense uses the present stem, indicate "presentStem". -- - If it uses the past stem, indicate "pastStem". local presentStem = opts.presentStem local pastStem = opts.pastStem -- Optional parameters local isTransitive = opts.isTransitive or false -- Indicate if the verb is transitive (true/false) local isNegative = opts.isNegative or false -- Indicate if it's the negative form (true/false) local isCompoundVerb = opts.isCompoundVerb or false -- Indicate if it's a compound verb (true/false) local preSimpleVerb = opts.preSimpleVerb or '' -- The part before the simple verb local postSimpleVerb = opts.postSimpleVerb or '' -- The part after the simple verb -- These parameters are provided when the verb is irregular. -- Allows you to manually modify preverbs ("bi-"" or "di-") -- and negation prefixes ("na-" or "ne-") local overrideBi = opts.overrideBi or nil local overrideDi = opts.overrideDi or nil local overrideNa = opts.overrideNa or nil local overrideNe = opts.overrideNe or nil -- By default, the negation of the imperative is constructed from the prefix "me-"". -- To obtain the second variant, the prefix with "ne-", you must specify "impNegForm=2". local impNegForm = opts.impNegForm or nil -- Access to the classification table and retrieval of verb tense parameters local infoTense = deepCopy(export.tenseClassification[tense], 'copy') or false -- We check that this tense is indeed in table "tenseClassification". if (not infoTense) then return '<span style="color:red">Unknown tense: ' .. tense ..'</span>' end -- We check that one of the two parameters of the stem is given if (infoTense.stem == 'present' and not presentStem) then return '<span style="color:red">presentStem parameter required</span>' elseif (infoTense.stem == 'past' and not pastStem) then return '<span style="color:red">pasttStem parameter required</span>' end -- Choice between the present stem or past stem local stem = (infoTense.stem == 'present') and presentStem or pastStem --──────────────────────────── -- Conjugation construction -- -- ─────────────────────────── local preverb = '' local negPrefix = '' -- Ruturns the verb type: "simpleVerb" or "preverbVerb" or "compoundVerb" local verbType = export.verbType(isCompoundVerb, preSimpleVerb) if isNegative then negPrefix = infoTense.negPrefix{stem=stem, tenseName=tense, impNegForm=impNegForm, overrideNa=overrideNa, overrideNe=overrideNe} if infoTense.negPreverb then preverb = infoTense.negPreverb{stem=stem, verbType=verbType, overrideBi=overrideBi, overrideDi=overrideDi} end else if infoTense.preverb then preverb = infoTense.preverb{stem=stem, verbType=verbType, overrideBi=overrideBi, overrideDi=overrideDi} end end infoTense.conj = {} local spacing = isCompoundVerb and ' ' or '' local endings = infoTense:endings(stem) local preverbParticles = getPreverbParticules(infoTense.preverbParticle, infoTense.stem, isTransitive) local isErgative = isTransitive and (infoTense.stem == 'past') -- Creating the conjugation table for a given tense for _, pers in ipairs(export.order) do local ending = '' local conjSimbleVerb = '' local conjVerb = '' if isErgative then ending = endings.s3 else ending = endings[pers] end -- Adding space after the preverbal particle local preverbParticle = preverbParticles[pers] if preverbParticle ~= '' then preverbParticle = preverbParticle .. ' ' end conjSimbleVerb = negPrefix .. preverb .. stem .. ending -- Adding prefixe and suffixe conjVerb = preSimpleVerb .. spacing .. conjSimbleVerb .. postSimpleVerb -- Spelling correction(îy -> iy) conjVerb = mw.ustring.gsub(conjVerb, 'îy', 'iy') -- Add a link conjVerb = link{term=conjVerb, lang=langKu} -- Addition of the preverbal particle infoTense.conj[pers] = preverbParticle .. conjVerb end -- Imperative if (infoTense.name == 'impPresent') then infoTense.conj.s1 = nil infoTense.conj.s2 = infoTense.conj.s3 infoTense.conj.s3 = nil infoTense.conj.p1 = nil --infoTense.conj.p2 = infoTense.conj.p2 infoTense.conj.p3 = nil end return infoTense end -- ============================================================================= -- END -- ============================================================================= -- ADDITIONAL STEM OF THE PAST AND PRESENT (pastStem2, ... and presentStem2, ...) -- This function does nothing more than add additional parameters for verb stems -- in the past and present tenses. -- Conjugations for the different stems will be separated by "/" -- ============================================================================= function export.conjugateLong(baseOpts, tense, presentStems, pastStems) local opts = baseOpts or {} opts.tense = tense or nil local presentStems = presentStems or {} local pastStems = pastStems or {} local infoTense = deepCopy(export.tenseClassification[tense], 'copy') or false -- We check that this tense is indeed in table "tenseClassification". if not infoTense then return '<span style="color:red">Unknown tense: ' .. tense ..'</span>' end local stems = (infoTense.stem == 'present') and presentStems or pastStems -- For each verb stem, its conjugation table is calculated and stored in conjTabs. local conjTabs = {} for i = 1, #stems do if stems[i] then if (infoTense.stem == 'past') then opts.pastStem = stems[i] end if (infoTense.stem == 'present') then opts.presentStem = stems[i] end local conj = export.conjugate(opts).conj table.insert(conjTabs, conj) end end -- We concatenate each row of the conjugation tables. local concatConjTabs = {} for _, pers in ipairs(export.order) do local frag = {} for i = 1, #conjTabs do local val = conjTabs[i][pers] if val then table.insert(frag, tostring(val)) end end concatConjTabs[pers] = table.concat(frag, " / ") end infoTense.conj = concatConjTabs return infoTense end -- ==================================================================================== -- VERB CONUGATION IN ALL TENSES WITH PRONOUMS -- ==================================================================================== function export.conjugateAllTenses(baseOpts, presentStems, pastStems, negation) local opts = baseOpts or {} if negation == 'negative' then opts.isNegative = true end -- Concatenation of pronouns and conjugated verbs local function concatPronomsVerbs(pronoms, conjVerbs) local concatTab = {} for _, pers in ipairs(export.order) do concatTab[pers] = pronoms[pers] .. ' ' .. conjVerbs[pers] end return concatTab end -- Returns the list of verb tenses local tenseList = {} for _, tense in pairs(export.tenseClassification) do table.insert(tenseList, tense.name) end -- Conjugation in all tenses tab = {} for _, tense in ipairs(tenseList) do local infoTense = deepCopy(export.tenseClassification[tense], 'copy') tab[tense] = deepCopy(export.conjugateLong(opts, tense, presentStems, pastStems), 'copy') -- No pronoun for the imperative mood if tense ~= 'impPresent' then local pronoms = deepCopy(export.conjPronouns(infoTense.stem, infoTense.mode, opts.isTransitive)) tab[tense].conj = concatPronomsVerbs(pronoms, tab[tense].conj) end end return tab end -- ==================================================================================== -- Allows you to obtain a given conjugation from a model. -- Ex. in the template: {{#invoke:ku-tewandin|tew|dem=indPresent|kes=s1}} -- See {{ku-tewîn-lk-niha}} -- ==================================================================================== function export.tew(frame) local args = frame:getParent().args local baseOpts = { isNegative = frame.args['neyînî'] or false, isTransitive = args['form'], isCompoundVerb = args['valahî'] or false, preSimpleVerb = args['pêşgir'] or nil, postSimpleVerb = args['paşgir'] or nil, overrideBi = args['bi'] or nil, overrideDi = args['di'] or nil, overrideNa = args['na'] or nil, overrideNe = args['na'] or nil, impNegForm = nil } local tense = frame.args['dem'] or nil local pers = frame.args['kes'] or nil local presentStems = {args['niha'], args['niha2'], args['niha3']} local pastStems = {args['borî'], args['borî2'], args['borî3']} -- A few checks if (baseOpts.isTransitive == 'gerguhêz') then baseOpts.isTransitive = true elseif (baseOpts.isTransitive == 'negerguhêz') then baseOpts.isTransitive = false else return '<span style="color:red">form = gerguhêz / negerguhêz</span>' end if (baseOpts.isCompoundVerb == 'erê') then baseOpts.isCompoundVerb = true else baseOpts.isCompoundVerb = false end if (baseOpts.isNegative == 'erê') then baseOpts.isNegative = true end local tabConj = export.conjugateLong(baseOpts, tense, presentStems, pastStems).conj return tabConj[pers] end -- ==================================================================================== -- GET COMMMA SEPARED FORMS -- ==================================================================================== function export.get_comma_separated_forms(frame) local args = frame:getParent().args local opts = { presentStem = frame.args['niha'], pastStem = frame.args['borî'], isTransitive = false, isNegative = false, isCompoundVerb = frame['valahî'] or false, preSimpleVerb = frame['pêşgir'] or '', postSimpleVerb = frame['paşgir'] or '', overrideBi = frame['bi'] or nil, overrideDi = frame['di'] or nil, overrideNa = frame['na'] or nil, overrideNe = frame['na'] or nil, impNegForm = nil, } local function removeTags(tag) tag = mw.ustring.gsub(tag, '%[%[(.+)%|(.+)%]%]', '%2') tag = mw.ustring.gsub(tag, '<b>(.+)</b>', '%1') tag = mw.ustring.gsub(tag, '<span(.*)>(.*)</span>', '%2') return tag end local function concateList(tenseList) local concatList = {} for _, pers in ipairs({"s1", "s2", "s3", "p1"}) do tense = removeTags(tenseList[pers]) -- Remove tags table.insert(concatList, tense) end return table.concat(concatList, ",") end local tenseList = {'indPresent','indPreterite','indImperfect', 'indPluperfect','indPerfect','indNCPluperfect', 'indFuture','indFuturePerfect', 'subImperfect','subPluperfect' } local concatAllTense = {} for i = 1, #tenseList do local tense = tenseList[i] if export.tenseClassification[tense] then opts.tense = tense local conj = shallowCopy(export.conjugate(opts).conj) local concatTense = concateList(conj) table.insert(concatAllTense, concatTense) end end return table.concat(concatAllTense, ",") end return export 1uolynw0gcrskdh2fhygyp4mkt2fazt Modul:ku-tewandin/tablo 828 628615 6234193 6229954 2026-05-07T13:32:12Z Ghybu 1393 6234193 Scribunto text/plain local conj = require('Modul:ku-tewandin/ceribandin') local export = {} function export.tablo(frame) local args = frame:getParent().args local baseOpts = { isTransitive = args['form'], isCompoundVerb = args['valahî'] or false, preSimpleVerb = args['pêşgir'] or '', postSimpleVerb = args['paşgir'] or '', overrideBi = args['bi'] or nil, overrideDi = args['di'] or nil, overrideNa = args['na'] or nil, overrideNe = args['ne'] or nil, impNegForm = nil } local presentStems = {args['niha'], args['niha2'], args['niha3']} local pastStems = {args['borî'], args['borî2'], args['borî3']} local leker = args[1] -- A few checks if (baseOpts.isTransitive == 'gerguhêz') then baseOpts.isTransitive = true elseif (baseOpts.isTransitive == 'negerguhêz') then baseOpts.isTransitive = false else return '<span style="color:red">form = gerghuhêz / negerguhêz</span>' end if (baseOpts.isCompoundVerb == 'erê') then baseOpts.isCompoundVerb = true else baseOpts.isCompoundVerb = false end -- Conjugation table in all tenses local tab = conj.conjugateAllTenses(baseOpts, presentStems, pastStems) -- Negatives conjugations table local negTab = conj.conjugateAllTenses(baseOpts, presentStems, pastStems, 'negative') -- Tablo (colspan) local function conjugateTable(tense1, tense2) local tenses = '' for _, pers in ipairs(conj.order) do tenses = tenses .. '\n|colspan="2"|' .. tab[tense1].conj[pers] .. '\n|colspan="2"|' .. negTab[tense1].conj[pers] .. '\n|colspan="2"|' .. tab[tense2].conj[pers] .. '\n|colspan="2"|' .. negTab[tense2].conj[pers] .. '\n|-' end return tenses end -- Cureyê lêkerê local cure if (baseOpts.preSimpleVerb and baseOpts.preSimpleVerb ~= '' and not baseOpts.isCompoundVerb) then cure = 'pêkhatî' elseif (baseOpts.isCompoundVerb or baseOpts.postSimpleVerb) then cure = 'hevedudanî' else cure = 'xwerû' end local pasgir = baseOpts.postSimpleVerb local pasgirSer local pesgir = baseOpts.preSimpleVerb local pesgirSer local niha2, niha3 = presentStems[2], presentStems[3] local niha2 = pastStems[2] local nihaSer2, nihaSer3 local boriSer2 if (pasgir == nil or pasgir == '') then pasgir = '' pasgirSer = '' else pasgirSer = ' ' .. pasgir end if (pesgir == nil or pesgir == '') then pesgir = '' pesgirSer = '' else pesgirSer = pesgir .. ' ' end if (niha2 == nil or niha2 == '') then niha2 = '' nihaSer2 = '' else nihaSer2 = ' / –' .. niha2 .. '–' end if (niha3 == nil or niha3 == '') then niha3 = '' nihaSer3 = '' else nihaSer3 = ' / –' .. niha3 .. '–' end if (bori2 == nil or bori2 == '') then bori2 = '' boriSer2 = '' else boriSer2 = ' / –' .. bori2 .. '–' end local row_EreniNeyini = '\n! colspan="2" class="ereni" | Erênî' ..'\n! colspan="2" class="neyini" | Neyînî' ..'\n! colspan="2" class="ereni" | Erênî' ..'\n! colspan="2" class="neyini" | Neyînî' local form = args['form'] local valahi = args['valahî'] local niha = presentStems[1] local bori = pastStems[1] return '{| cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" align="center" class="tewandin-tablo" style="border-collapse:collapse;"' .. '\n|-' .. '\n|+ colspan="8" style="font-size:small;text-align:center;color:blue;" | [[Wêne:Emblem-question-red.svg|17px|link=]] [[Gotûbêja modulê:ku-tewandin|Pirsgirêkan nîşan bide – Pêşniyaran bike]]' .. '\n|-' .. '\n|- style="border-bottom:solid 1px grey; border-top:solid 1px grey;"' .. '\n! id="1" class="tablo-ser" colspan="8" align="center" | Tewandina lêkera [['.. leker .. ']]<br/><span style="font-weight:normal;">(' .. cure .. ', ' .. form .. ')</span><br/>' .. '\n|-' .. '\n! colspan="4" style="border-bottom:dotted 1px grey;" |' .. '\n! id="11" class="reh-dema-niha" colspan="2" style="border-bottom:solid 1px grey;" | Dema niha' .. '\n! class="reh-dema-bori" colspan="2" style="border-bottom:solid 1px grey;" | Dema borî' .. '\n|-' .. '\n! colspan="4" style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; border-bottom:dotted 1px grey;" | Reh' .. '\n| colspan="2" style="text-align:center; border-bottom:dotted 1px grey;" | ' .. pesgirSer .. '–' .. niha .. '–' .. nihaSer2 .. nihaSer3 .. pasgirSer .. '\n| colspan="2" style="text-align:center; border-bottom:dotted 1px grey;" | ' .. pesgirSer .. '–' .. bori .. '–' .. boriSer2 .. pasgirSer .. '\n|-' .. '\n|- style="border-bottom:solid 1px grey; border-top:solid 1px grey;"' .. '\n! id="4" class="rawe" colspan="8" | Raweya fermanî - <small><i>-{Imperative}-</i></small>' .. '\n|- style="border-bottom:solid 1px grey; border-top:solid 1px grey;"' .. '\n! id="41" class="reh-dema-niha" colspan="8" | Dema niha - <small><i>-{Present}-</i></small>' .. '\n|- style="border-bottom:solid 1px grey; border-top:solid 1px grey;"' .. '\n|-' .. '\n! colspan="4" class="ereni" | Erênî' .. '\n! colspan="4" class="neyini" | Neyînî' .. '\n|-' .. '\n| colspan="4" | <span style="color:gray">(tû)</span> ' .. tab.impPresent.conj.s2 .. '\n| colspan="4" | <span style="color:gray">(tû)</span> ' .. negTab.impPresent.conj.s2 .. '\n|-' .. '\n| colspan="4" | <span style="color:gray">(hûn)</span> ' .. tab.impPresent.conj.p2 .. '\n| colspan="4" | <span style="color:gray">(hûn)</span> ' .. negTab.impPresent.conj.p2 .. '\n|-' .. '\n|- style="border-bottom:solid 1px grey; border-top:solid 1px grey;"' .. '\n! id="1" class="rawe" colspan="8" align="center" | Raweya pêşkerî (daxuyanî) - <small><i>-{Indicative}-</i></small>' .. '\n|- style="border-bottom:solid 1px grey; border-top:solid 1px grey;"' .. '\n! id="11" class="reh-dema-niha" colspan="4" | [[Pêvek:Rastnivîsî/Lêker/Dema niha|Dema niha]] - <small><i>-{Present}-</i></small>' .. '\n! class="reh-dema-bori" colspan="4" | [[Pêvek:Rastnivîsî/Lêker/Dema borî ya sade|Raboriya sade]] - <small><i>-{Preterite}-</i></small><br><small>Dema boriya têdeyî</small>' .. '\n|-' .. row_EreniNeyini .. '\n|-' .. conjugateTable('indPresent', 'indPreterite') .. '\n|- style="border-bottom:solid 1px grey; border-top:solid 1px grey;"' .. '\n! id="12" class="reh-dema-bori" colspan="4" style="border-right:dotted 1px grey;" | Raboriya berdest - <small><i>-{Imperfect}-</i></small><br><small>Çîrokiya dema niha</small>' .. '\n! class="reh-dema-bori" colspan="4" | Raboriya dûr - <small><i>-{Pluperfect}-</i></small><br><small>Çîrokiya boriya têdeyî</small>' .. '\n|-' .. row_EreniNeyini .. '\n|-' .. conjugateTable('indImperfect', 'indPluperfect') .. '\n|- style="border-bottom:solid 1px grey; border-top:solid 1px grey;"' .. '\n! id="13" class="reh-dema-niha" colspan="4" | [[Pêvek:Rastnivîsî/Lêker/Dema bê|Dema bê]] - <small><i>-{Future}-</i></small>' .. '\n! colspan="4" class="reh-dema-bori" | Dahatiya pêş - <small><i>-{Future perfect}-</i></small>' .. '\n|-' .. row_EreniNeyini .. '\n|-' .. conjugateTable('indFuture', 'indFuturePerfect') .. '\n|- style="border-bottom:solid 1px grey; border-top:solid 1px grey;"' ..'\n! id="14" class="reh-dema-bori" colspan="4" style="border-right:dotted 1px grey;" | Raboriya dûdar - <small><i>-{Perfect}-</i></small><br><small>Dema boriya dûdar</small>' .. '\n! class="reh-dema-bori" colspan="4" | Çîrokiya boriya dûdar - <small><i>-{Nonconfirmative pluperfect}-</i></small>' .. '\n|-' .. row_EreniNeyini .. '\n|-' .. conjugateTable('indPerfect', 'indNCPluperfect') .. '\n|- style="border-bottom:solid 1px grey; border-top:solid 1px grey;"' .. '\n! id="2" class="rawe" colspan="8" | Raweya xwestekî (bilanî, daxwazî) - <small><i>-{Subjunctive}-</i></small>' .. '\n|- style="border-bottom:solid 1px grey; border-top:solid 1px grey;"' .. '\n! id="21" class="reh-dema-niha" colspan="4" | Dema nihaya xwestekî - <small><i>-{Present subjunctive}-</i></small><br><small>Nihaya bilaniyê</small>' .. '\n! class="reh-dema-bori "colspan="4" | Dema boriya xwestekî - <small><i>-{Preterite subjunctive}-</i></small>' .. '\n|-' .. row_EreniNeyini .. '\n|-' .. conjugateTable('subPresent', 'subPreterite') .. '\n|- style="border-bottom:solid 1px grey; border-top:solid 1px grey;"' .. '\n! id="22" class="reh-dema-bori" colspan="4" style="border-right:dotted 1px grey;" | Raboriya bilaniyê - <small><i>-{Imperfect subjunctive}-</i></small>' .. '\n! class="reh-dema-bori" colspan="4" | Raboriya dûr a bilaniyê - <small><i>-{Pluperfect subjunctive}-</i></small>' .. '\n|-' .. row_EreniNeyini .. '\n|-' .. conjugateTable('subImperfect', 'subPluperfect') .. '\n|-' .. '\n|- style="border-bottom:solid 1px grey; border-top:solid 1px grey;"' .. '\n! id="3" class="rawe" colspan="8" | Raweya mercî (hekînî) - <small><i>-{Conditional}-</i></small>' .. '\n|- style="border-bottom:solid 1px grey; border-top:solid 1px grey;"' .. '\n! id="31" class="reh-dema-bori" colspan="4" style="border-right:dotted 1px grey;" | Çîrokiya dema nihaya mercî - <small><i>-{Present conditional}-</i></small>' .. '\n! colspan="4" class="reh-dema-bori" | Dema boriya mercî - <small><i>Preterite conditional</i></small>' .. '\n|-' .. row_EreniNeyini .. '\n|-' .. conjugateTable('condPresent', 'condPreterite') ..'\n|}' end return export raqhug6v39bzkb78iiv324m9sqb44rm 6234202 6234193 2026-05-07T20:39:25Z Ghybu 1393 6234202 Scribunto text/plain local conj = require('Modul:ku-tewandin') local export = {} function export.tablo(frame) local args = frame:getParent().args local baseOpts = { isTransitive = args['form'], isCompoundVerb = args['valahî'] or false, preSimpleVerb = args['pêşgir'] or '', postSimpleVerb = args['paşgir'] or '', overrideBi = args['bi'] or nil, overrideDi = args['di'] or nil, overrideNa = args['na'] or nil, overrideNe = args['ne'] or nil, impNegForm = nil } local presentStems = {args['niha'], args['niha2'], args['niha3']} local pastStems = {args['borî'], args['borî2'], args['borî3']} local leker = args[1] -- A few checks if (baseOpts.isTransitive == 'gerguhêz') then baseOpts.isTransitive = true elseif (baseOpts.isTransitive == 'negerguhêz') then baseOpts.isTransitive = false else return '<span style="color:red">form = gerghuhêz / negerguhêz</span>' end if (baseOpts.isCompoundVerb == 'erê') then baseOpts.isCompoundVerb = true else baseOpts.isCompoundVerb = false end -- Conjugation table in all tenses local tab = conj.conjugateAllTenses(baseOpts, presentStems, pastStems) -- Negatives conjugations table local negTab = conj.conjugateAllTenses(baseOpts, presentStems, pastStems, 'negative') -- Tablo (colspan) local function conjugateTable(tense1, tense2) local tenses = '' for _, pers in ipairs(conj.order) do tenses = tenses .. '\n|colspan="2"|' .. tab[tense1].conj[pers] .. '\n|colspan="2"|' .. negTab[tense1].conj[pers] .. '\n|colspan="2"|' .. tab[tense2].conj[pers] .. '\n|colspan="2"|' .. negTab[tense2].conj[pers] .. '\n|-' end return tenses end -- Cureyê lêkerê local cure if (baseOpts.preSimpleVerb and baseOpts.preSimpleVerb ~= '' and not baseOpts.isCompoundVerb) then cure = 'pêkhatî' elseif (baseOpts.isCompoundVerb or baseOpts.postSimpleVerb) then cure = 'hevedudanî' else cure = 'xwerû' end local pasgir = baseOpts.postSimpleVerb local pasgirSer local pesgir = baseOpts.preSimpleVerb local pesgirSer local niha2, niha3 = presentStems[2], presentStems[3] local niha2 = pastStems[2] local nihaSer2, nihaSer3 local boriSer2 if (pasgir == nil or pasgir == '') then pasgir = '' pasgirSer = '' else pasgirSer = ' ' .. pasgir end if (pesgir == nil or pesgir == '') then pesgir = '' pesgirSer = '' else pesgirSer = pesgir .. ' ' end if (niha2 == nil or niha2 == '') then niha2 = '' nihaSer2 = '' else nihaSer2 = ' / –' .. niha2 .. '–' end if (niha3 == nil or niha3 == '') then niha3 = '' nihaSer3 = '' else nihaSer3 = ' / –' .. niha3 .. '–' end if (bori2 == nil or bori2 == '') then bori2 = '' boriSer2 = '' else boriSer2 = ' / –' .. bori2 .. '–' end local row_EreniNeyini = '\n! colspan="2" class="ereni" | Erênî' ..'\n! colspan="2" class="neyini" | Neyînî' ..'\n! colspan="2" class="ereni" | Erênî' ..'\n! colspan="2" class="neyini" | Neyînî' local form = args['form'] local valahi = args['valahî'] local niha = presentStems[1] local bori = pastStems[1] return '{| cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" align="center" class="tewandin-tablo" style="border-collapse:collapse;"' .. '\n|-' .. '\n|+ colspan="8" style="font-size:small;text-align:center;color:blue;" | [[Wêne:Emblem-question-red.svg|17px|link=]] [[Gotûbêja modulê:ku-tewandin|Pirsgirêkan nîşan bide – Pêşniyaran bike]]' .. '\n|-' .. '\n|- style="border-bottom:solid 1px grey; border-top:solid 1px grey;"' .. '\n! id="1" class="tablo-ser" colspan="8" align="center" | Tewandina lêkera [['.. leker .. ']]<br/><span style="font-weight:normal;">(' .. cure .. ', ' .. form .. ')</span><br/>' .. '\n|-' .. '\n! colspan="4" style="border-bottom:dotted 1px grey;" |' .. '\n! id="11" class="reh-dema-niha" colspan="2" style="border-bottom:solid 1px grey;" | Dema niha' .. '\n! class="reh-dema-bori" colspan="2" style="border-bottom:solid 1px grey;" | Dema borî' .. '\n|-' .. '\n! colspan="4" style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; border-bottom:dotted 1px grey;" | Reh' .. '\n| colspan="2" style="text-align:center; border-bottom:dotted 1px grey;" | ' .. pesgirSer .. '–' .. niha .. '–' .. nihaSer2 .. nihaSer3 .. pasgirSer .. '\n| colspan="2" style="text-align:center; border-bottom:dotted 1px grey;" | ' .. pesgirSer .. '–' .. bori .. '–' .. boriSer2 .. pasgirSer .. '\n|-' .. '\n|- style="border-bottom:solid 1px grey; border-top:solid 1px grey;"' .. '\n! id="4" class="rawe" colspan="8" | Raweya fermanî - <small><i>-{Imperative}-</i></small>' .. '\n|- style="border-bottom:solid 1px grey; border-top:solid 1px grey;"' .. '\n! id="41" class="reh-dema-niha" colspan="8" | Dema niha - <small><i>-{Present}-</i></small>' .. '\n|- style="border-bottom:solid 1px grey; border-top:solid 1px grey;"' .. '\n|-' .. '\n! colspan="4" class="ereni" | Erênî' .. '\n! colspan="4" class="neyini" | Neyînî' .. '\n|-' .. '\n| colspan="4" | <span style="color:gray">(tû)</span> ' .. tab.impPresent.conj.s2 .. '\n| colspan="4" | <span style="color:gray">(tû)</span> ' .. negTab.impPresent.conj.s2 .. '\n|-' .. '\n| colspan="4" | <span style="color:gray">(hûn)</span> ' .. tab.impPresent.conj.p2 .. '\n| colspan="4" | <span style="color:gray">(hûn)</span> ' .. negTab.impPresent.conj.p2 .. '\n|-' .. '\n|- style="border-bottom:solid 1px grey; border-top:solid 1px grey;"' .. '\n! id="1" class="rawe" colspan="8" align="center" | Raweya pêşkerî (daxuyanî) - <small><i>-{Indicative}-</i></small>' .. '\n|- style="border-bottom:solid 1px grey; border-top:solid 1px grey;"' .. '\n! id="11" class="reh-dema-niha" colspan="4" | [[Pêvek:Rastnivîsî/Lêker/Dema niha|Dema niha]] - <small><i>-{Present}-</i></small>' .. '\n! class="reh-dema-bori" colspan="4" | [[Pêvek:Rastnivîsî/Lêker/Dema borî ya sade|Raboriya sade]] - <small><i>-{Preterite}-</i></small><br><small>Dema boriya têdeyî</small>' .. '\n|-' .. row_EreniNeyini .. '\n|-' .. conjugateTable('indPresent', 'indPreterite') .. '\n|- style="border-bottom:solid 1px grey; border-top:solid 1px grey;"' .. '\n! id="12" class="reh-dema-bori" colspan="4" style="border-right:dotted 1px grey;" | Raboriya berdest - <small><i>-{Imperfect}-</i></small><br><small>Çîrokiya dema niha</small>' .. '\n! class="reh-dema-bori" colspan="4" | Raboriya dûr - <small><i>-{Pluperfect}-</i></small><br><small>Çîrokiya boriya têdeyî</small>' .. '\n|-' .. row_EreniNeyini .. '\n|-' .. conjugateTable('indImperfect', 'indPluperfect') .. '\n|- style="border-bottom:solid 1px grey; border-top:solid 1px grey;"' .. '\n! id="13" class="reh-dema-niha" colspan="4" | [[Pêvek:Rastnivîsî/Lêker/Dema bê|Dema bê]] - <small><i>-{Future}-</i></small>' .. '\n! colspan="4" class="reh-dema-bori" | Dahatiya pêş - <small><i>-{Future perfect}-</i></small>' .. '\n|-' .. row_EreniNeyini .. '\n|-' .. conjugateTable('indFuture', 'indFuturePerfect') .. '\n|- style="border-bottom:solid 1px grey; border-top:solid 1px grey;"' ..'\n! id="14" class="reh-dema-bori" colspan="4" style="border-right:dotted 1px grey;" | Raboriya dûdar - <small><i>-{Perfect}-</i></small><br><small>Dema boriya dûdar</small>' .. '\n! class="reh-dema-bori" colspan="4" | Çîrokiya boriya dûdar - <small><i>-{Nonconfirmative pluperfect}-</i></small>' .. '\n|-' .. row_EreniNeyini .. '\n|-' .. conjugateTable('indPerfect', 'indNCPluperfect') .. '\n|- style="border-bottom:solid 1px grey; border-top:solid 1px grey;"' .. '\n! id="2" class="rawe" colspan="8" | Raweya xwestekî (bilanî, daxwazî) - <small><i>-{Subjunctive}-</i></small>' .. '\n|- style="border-bottom:solid 1px grey; border-top:solid 1px grey;"' .. '\n! id="21" class="reh-dema-niha" colspan="4" | Dema nihaya xwestekî - <small><i>-{Present subjunctive}-</i></small><br><small>Nihaya bilaniyê</small>' .. '\n! class="reh-dema-bori "colspan="4" | Dema boriya xwestekî - <small><i>-{Preterite subjunctive}-</i></small>' .. '\n|-' .. row_EreniNeyini .. '\n|-' .. conjugateTable('subPresent', 'subPreterite') .. '\n|- style="border-bottom:solid 1px grey; border-top:solid 1px grey;"' .. '\n! id="22" class="reh-dema-bori" colspan="4" style="border-right:dotted 1px grey;" | Raboriya bilaniyê - <small><i>-{Imperfect subjunctive}-</i></small>' .. '\n! class="reh-dema-bori" colspan="4" | Raboriya dûr a bilaniyê - <small><i>-{Pluperfect subjunctive}-</i></small>' .. '\n|-' .. row_EreniNeyini .. '\n|-' .. conjugateTable('subImperfect', 'subPluperfect') .. '\n|-' .. '\n|- style="border-bottom:solid 1px grey; border-top:solid 1px grey;"' .. '\n! id="3" class="rawe" colspan="8" | Raweya mercî (hekînî) - <small><i>-{Conditional}-</i></small>' .. '\n|- style="border-bottom:solid 1px grey; border-top:solid 1px grey;"' .. '\n! id="31" class="reh-dema-bori" colspan="4" style="border-right:dotted 1px grey;" | Çîrokiya dema nihaya mercî - <small><i>-{Present conditional}-</i></small>' .. '\n! colspan="4" class="reh-dema-bori" | Dema boriya mercî - <small><i>Preterite conditional</i></small>' .. '\n|-' .. row_EreniNeyini .. '\n|-' .. conjugateTable('condPresent', 'condPreterite') ..'\n|}' end return export il15k0t9aqwp76p5ypcl2yy3r3a379z Modul:ku-tewandin/belge 828 628617 6234196 3745467 2026-05-07T13:49:45Z Ghybu 1393 6234196 wikitext text/x-wiki Modul: * [[Modul:ku-tewandin/tablo]] * [[Modul:ku-tewandin/tabloGotar]] * [[Modul:ku-tewandin/dijrêzik]] Şablon: * [[Şablon:ku-tewandin]] b2zxp77yny81g527quri59oqvpf4trb 6234213 6234196 2026-05-07T21:09:27Z Ghybu 1393 6234213 wikitext text/x-wiki Modul: * [[Modul:ku-tewandin/tablo]] * [[Modul:ku-tewandin/tabloGotar]] * [[Modul:ku-tewandin/dijrêzik]] Şablon: * [[Şablon:ku-tewandin]] * [[Şablon:ku-tewîn-lk]] 1l0ogunkk1oq6n97orz8291ji3xng74 Modul:ku-tewandin/tablo/belge 828 628660 6234197 6078108 2026-05-07T13:50:49Z Ghybu 1393 6234197 wikitext text/x-wiki * [[Modul:ku-tewandin]] * [[Şablon:ku-tewandin]] * [[Modul:ku-tewandin/tabloGotar]] * [[Şablon:ku-tewandin/style.css]] 9tls34lsltcqbomseoqy2t27imy1lk0 Tewandin:girîn 106 836892 6234211 4522373 2026-05-07T20:59:59Z Ghybu 1393 6234211 wikitext text/x-wiki {{etîket tewandin |etîket1 = Dema borî: -girî- |naverok1 = {{ku-tewandin|girîn|form=negerguhêz|niha=girî|borî=girî}} |etîket2 = Dema borî: -giriya- |naverok2 = {{ku-tewandin|girîn|form=negerguhêz|niha=girî|borî=giriya}} }} m3mkl2vlbhktjkm5g1tlfg5xwn6vbpk Şablon:vegere 10 974814 6234217 5278194 2026-05-07T22:17:27Z Ghybu 1393 6234217 wikitext text/x-wiki <div class="noprint" style="margin-bottom:-0.5em" id="contentSub"><span class="subpages" style="font-size:110%;"><!-- --->[[Wêne:1leftarrow.png|link=|20px]]vegere '''[[{{{1|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}}#Kurmancî|{{{1|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}}]]''' {{#if:{{{2|}}}|an '''[[{{{2}}}#Kurmancî|{{{2}}}]]'''|}}</span><!-- ---></div><noinclude>{{belgekirin}}</noinclude> 7o9m2jhjql74y7uohye73ck7cwtwyec Şablon:reng boks 10 1357094 6234274 6233928 2026-05-08T10:16:45Z Xqbot 13246 Beralîkirina ducarî li ser [[Şablon:reng]] hat sererastkirin 6234274 wikitext text/x-wiki #BERALÎKIRIN [[Şablon:reng]] oriihfk9ox6qol47zou4n60hvuk8fle Modul:ku-tewandin/tabloGotar 828 1357097 6234187 2026-05-07T12:15:58Z Ghybu 1393 Rûpel bi "-- ==================================================================================== -- Bo tabloyên {{tewîn}} û {{tewîn+}} hatiye çêkirin. -- Bikaranîn: {{#invoke:ku-tewandin|tew|1=dem|2=neyini}} -- local verb = opts.verb or mw.title.getCurrentTitle().subpageText -- ==================================================================================== local export = {} local conj = require('Modul:ku-tewandin/ceribandin') local ziman = require("Modul:langua..." hat çêkirin 6234187 Scribunto text/plain -- ==================================================================================== -- Bo tabloyên {{tewîn}} û {{tewîn+}} hatiye çêkirin. -- Bikaranîn: {{#invoke:ku-tewandin|tew|1=dem|2=neyini}} -- local verb = opts.verb or mw.title.getCurrentTitle().subpageText -- ==================================================================================== local export = {} local conj = require('Modul:ku-tewandin/ceribandin') local ziman = require("Modul:languages").getByCode("ku") local link = require('Module:links').language_link function export.tew(frame) local args = frame:getParent().args local baseOpts = { isTransitive = args['form'], isNegative = false, isCompoundVerb = args['valahî'] or false, preSimpleVerb = args['pêşgir'] or nil, postSimpleVerb = args['paşgir'] or nil, overrideBi = args['bi'] or nil, overrideDi = args['di'] or nil, overrideNa = args['na'] or nil, overrideNe = args['na'] or nil, impNegForm = nil } local presentStems = {args['niha'], args['niha2'], args['niha3']} local pastStems = {args['borî'], args['borî2'], args['borî3']} -- A few checks if (baseOpts.isTransitive == 'gerguhêz') then baseOpts.isTransitive = true elseif (baseOpts.isTransitive == 'negerguhêz') then baseOpts.isTransitive = false else return '<span style="color:red">form = gerghuhêz / negerguhêz</span>' end if (baseOpts.isCompoundVerb == 'erê') then baseOpts.isCompoundVerb = true else baseOpts.isCompoundVerb = false end -- Retrieving conjugation tables for different tenses local indPresent = conj.conjugateLong(baseOpts, 'indPresent', presentStems, pastStems).conj local impPresent = conj.conjugateLong(baseOpts, 'impPresent', presentStems, pastStems).conj local indPreterite = conj.conjugateLong(baseOpts, 'indPreterite', presentStems, pastStems).conj -- Past pronouns for preterite tense local prtPronouns = conj.conjPronouns('past', 'indicative', baseOpts.isTransitive) -- ========================================================================= -- TABLE -- ========================================================================= -- Construction of the verbal stems for the table title ("rehNiha" and "rehBori") local leker = args[1] or mw.title.getCurrentTitle().subpageText local weki = args['wekî'] or '' local pesgir = args['pêşgir'] or '' local pasgir = args['paşgir'] or '' if args['pêşgir'] then pesgir = args['pêşgir'] .. ' ' end if args['paşgir'] then pasgir = ' ' .. args['paşgir'] end local rehNiha = {} for _, stem in ipairs(presentStems) do if stem then rehNiha[#rehNiha+1] = pesgir .. '-' .. stem ..'-' end end local rehBori = {} for _, stem in ipairs(pastStems) do if stem then rehBori[#rehBori+1] = pesgir .. '-' .. stem ..'-' end end rehNiha = table.concat(rehNiha, ' / ') .. pasgir rehBori = table.concat(rehBori, ' / ') .. pasgir -- Formata "Raweya pêşkerî" (RP.) local rp = '<span style="cursor:help;" title="Raweya pêşkerî">' ..'<span style="border-bottom: 1px dotted #555555; ">RP.</span>' ..'</span>' local function nobold(arg) return '<span style="font-weight:normal;"> '.. arg .. '</span>' end -- Preloads [[Şablon:ku-tewandin/preload]] local function preloadUrl(title, preload) local params = { args['form'], args['niha'], args['niha2'] or nil, args['niha3'] or nil, args['bori'], args['bori2'] or nil, args['pêşgir'] or nil, args['valahî'] or nil, args['paşgir'] or nil } local query = { action = 'edit', preload = preload, ['preloadparams[]'] = params } local url = mw.uri.fullUrl(title, query) url = '<span class="plainlinks">[' .. tostring(url) .. ' ' .. title ..']</span>' return url end -- Formên Din local FormenDin = 'erz' if (mw.title.new(leker, 'Tewandin').exists == true) then formenDin = '[['.. 'Tewandin:' .. leker ..']]' elseif weki then formenDin = 'wekî [['.. 'Tewandin:' .. weki ..']]' else formenDin = preloadUrl(leker, 'Şablon:ku-tewandin/preload') end return '{| class="wikitable tablo-flip tewandin-tablo mw-collapsible"' .. '\n! colspan="3" class="row-flip tewandin-header" |' .. leker .. ' ' .. nobold('('.. args['form'] .. '</span>)') .. '\n|-' .. '\n! colspan="3" class="tewandin-header3" align="center" style="font-size:85%;" |' .. nobold('Rehê dema niha:') .. ' ' .. rehNiha .. '\n|-' .. '\n! rowspan="5" |' .. rp .. '<br>Niha' .. '\n|-' .. '\n| width="60" |ez' .. '\n| width="100" |' .. indPresent.s1 .. '\n|-' .. '\n| tu' .. '\n|' .. indPresent.s2 .. '\n|-' .. '\n| ew' .. '\n|' .. indPresent.s3 .. '\n|-' .. '\n| em, hûn, ew' .. '\n| ' .. indPresent.p1 .. '\n|-' .. '\n! rowspan="2" | Fermanî' .. '\n| width="60" | <small>Yekjimar</small>' .. '\n| width="100" |' .. impPresent.s2 .. '\n|-' .. '\n| width="60" | <small>Pirjimar</small>' .. '\n| width="100" |' .. impPresent.p2 .. '\n|-' .. '\n! colspan="3" class="tewandin-header3" align="center" style="font-size:85%;" |' .. nobold('Rehê dema borî:') .. ' ' .. rehBori .. '\n|-' .. '\n! rowspan="5" |'.. rp ..'<br>Boriya<br>sade' .. '\n|-' .. '\n|' .. prtPronouns.s1 .. '\n|' .. indPreterite.s1 .. '\n|-' .. '\n|' .. prtPronouns.s2 .. '\n|' .. indPreterite.s2 .. '\n|-' .. '\n|' .. prtPronouns.s3 .. '\n|' .. indPreterite.s3 .. '\n|-' .. '\n|' .. prtPronouns.p1 .. ', ' .. prtPronouns.p2 .. ', ' .. prtPronouns.p3 .. '\n|' .. indPreterite.p1 .. '\n|-' .. '\n| colspan="3" style="text-align:center; background-color:#transparent;" |' .. 'Formên din: [[Wêne:1rightarrow.png|15px|link=]]' .. formenDin .. '\n|}' end return export 04ahql5bqjweegrsvnrthn3gg6g88lz 6234188 6234187 2026-05-07T12:19:39Z Ghybu 1393 6234188 Scribunto text/plain -- ==================================================================================== -- Ji bo tabloyên ku di nav gotaran de tê bikaranîn hatiye çêkirin: {{ku-tewîn-lk}}. -- Bikaranîn: {{#invoke:ku-tewandin|tew|1=dem|2=neyini}} -- ==================================================================================== local export = {} local conj = require('Modul:ku-tewandin/ceribandin') local ziman = require("Modul:languages").getByCode("ku") local link = require('Module:links').language_link function export.tew(frame) local args = frame:getParent().args local baseOpts = { isTransitive = args['form'], isNegative = false, isCompoundVerb = args['valahî'] or false, preSimpleVerb = args['pêşgir'] or nil, postSimpleVerb = args['paşgir'] or nil, overrideBi = args['bi'] or nil, overrideDi = args['di'] or nil, overrideNa = args['na'] or nil, overrideNe = args['na'] or nil, impNegForm = nil } local presentStems = {args['niha'], args['niha2'], args['niha3']} local pastStems = {args['borî'], args['borî2'], args['borî3']} -- A few checks if (baseOpts.isTransitive == 'gerguhêz') then baseOpts.isTransitive = true elseif (baseOpts.isTransitive == 'negerguhêz') then baseOpts.isTransitive = false else return '<span style="color:red">form = gerghuhêz / negerguhêz</span>' end if (baseOpts.isCompoundVerb == 'erê') then baseOpts.isCompoundVerb = true else baseOpts.isCompoundVerb = false end -- Retrieving conjugation tables for different tenses local indPresent = conj.conjugateLong(baseOpts, 'indPresent', presentStems, pastStems).conj local impPresent = conj.conjugateLong(baseOpts, 'impPresent', presentStems, pastStems).conj local indPreterite = conj.conjugateLong(baseOpts, 'indPreterite', presentStems, pastStems).conj -- Past pronouns for preterite tense local prtPronouns = conj.conjPronouns('past', 'indicative', baseOpts.isTransitive) -- ========================================================================= -- TABLE -- ========================================================================= -- Construction of the verbal stems for the table title ("rehNiha" and "rehBori") local leker = args[1] or mw.title.getCurrentTitle().subpageText local weki = args['wekî'] or '' local pesgir = args['pêşgir'] or '' local pasgir = args['paşgir'] or '' if args['pêşgir'] then pesgir = args['pêşgir'] .. ' ' end if args['paşgir'] then pasgir = ' ' .. args['paşgir'] end local rehNiha = {} for _, stem in ipairs(presentStems) do if stem then rehNiha[#rehNiha+1] = pesgir .. '-' .. stem ..'-' end end local rehBori = {} for _, stem in ipairs(pastStems) do if stem then rehBori[#rehBori+1] = pesgir .. '-' .. stem ..'-' end end rehNiha = table.concat(rehNiha, ' / ') .. pasgir rehBori = table.concat(rehBori, ' / ') .. pasgir -- Formata "Raweya pêşkerî" (RP.) local rp = '<span style="cursor:help;" title="Raweya pêşkerî">' ..'<span style="border-bottom: 1px dotted #555555; ">RP.</span>' ..'</span>' local function nobold(arg) return '<span style="font-weight:normal;"> '.. arg .. '</span>' end -- Preloads [[Şablon:ku-tewandin/preload]] local function preloadUrl(title, preload) local params = { args['form'], args['niha'], args['niha2'] or nil, args['niha3'] or nil, args['bori'], args['bori2'] or nil, args['pêşgir'] or nil, args['valahî'] or nil, args['paşgir'] or nil } local query = { action = 'edit', preload = preload, ['preloadparams[]'] = params } local url = mw.uri.fullUrl(title, query) url = '<span class="plainlinks">[' .. tostring(url) .. ' ' .. title ..']</span>' return url end -- Formên Din local FormenDin = 'erz' if (mw.title.new(leker, 'Tewandin').exists == true) then formenDin = '[['.. 'Tewandin:' .. leker ..']]' elseif weki then formenDin = 'wekî [['.. 'Tewandin:' .. weki ..']]' else formenDin = preloadUrl(leker, 'Şablon:ku-tewandin/preload') end return '{| class="wikitable tablo-flip tewandin-tablo mw-collapsible"' .. '\n! colspan="3" class="row-flip tewandin-header" |' .. leker .. ' ' .. nobold('('.. args['form'] .. '</span>)') .. '\n|-' .. '\n! colspan="3" class="tewandin-header3" align="center" style="font-size:85%;" |' .. nobold('Rehê dema niha:') .. ' ' .. rehNiha .. '\n|-' .. '\n! rowspan="5" |' .. rp .. '<br>Niha' .. '\n|-' .. '\n| width="60" |ez' .. '\n| width="100" |' .. indPresent.s1 .. '\n|-' .. '\n| tu' .. '\n|' .. indPresent.s2 .. '\n|-' .. '\n| ew' .. '\n|' .. indPresent.s3 .. '\n|-' .. '\n| em, hûn, ew' .. '\n| ' .. indPresent.p1 .. '\n|-' .. '\n! rowspan="2" | Fermanî' .. '\n| width="60" | <small>Yekjimar</small>' .. '\n| width="100" |' .. impPresent.s2 .. '\n|-' .. '\n| width="60" | <small>Pirjimar</small>' .. '\n| width="100" |' .. impPresent.p2 .. '\n|-' .. '\n! colspan="3" class="tewandin-header3" align="center" style="font-size:85%;" |' .. nobold('Rehê dema borî:') .. ' ' .. rehBori .. '\n|-' .. '\n! rowspan="5" |'.. rp ..'<br>Boriya<br>sade' .. '\n|-' .. '\n|' .. prtPronouns.s1 .. '\n|' .. indPreterite.s1 .. '\n|-' .. '\n|' .. prtPronouns.s2 .. '\n|' .. indPreterite.s2 .. '\n|-' .. '\n|' .. prtPronouns.s3 .. '\n|' .. indPreterite.s3 .. '\n|-' .. '\n|' .. prtPronouns.p1 .. ', ' .. prtPronouns.p2 .. ', ' .. prtPronouns.p3 .. '\n|' .. indPreterite.p1 .. '\n|-' .. '\n| colspan="3" style="text-align:center; background-color:#transparent;" |' .. 'Formên din: [[Wêne:1rightarrow.png|15px|link=]]' .. formenDin .. '\n|}' end return export 2qdsfmwsabvqy41qn1hpzoclutexdse 6234231 6234188 2026-05-08T02:03:48Z Ghybu 1393 6234231 Scribunto text/plain -- ==================================================================================== -- Ji bo tabloyên ku di nav gotaran de tê bikaranîn hatiye çêkirin: {{ku-tewîn-lk}}. -- Bikaranîn: {{#invoke:ku-tewandin|tew|1=dem|2=neyini}} -- ==================================================================================== local export = {} local conj = require('Modul:ku-tewandin') local ziman = require("Modul:languages").getByCode("ku") local link = require('Module:links').language_link function export.tew(frame) local args = frame:getParent().args local baseOpts = { isTransitive = args['form'], isNegative = false, isCompoundVerb = args['valahî'] or false, preSimpleVerb = args['pêşgir'] or nil, postSimpleVerb = args['paşgir'] or nil, overrideBi = args['bi'] or nil, overrideDi = args['di'] or nil, overrideNa = args['na'] or nil, overrideNe = args['na'] or nil, impNegForm = nil } local presentStems = {args['niha'], args['niha2'], args['niha3']} local pastStems = {args['borî'], args['borî2'], args['borî3']} -- A few checks if (baseOpts.isTransitive == 'gerguhêz') then baseOpts.isTransitive = true elseif (baseOpts.isTransitive == 'negerguhêz') then baseOpts.isTransitive = false else return '<span style="color:red">form = gerguhêz / negerguhêz</span>' end if (baseOpts.isCompoundVerb == 'erê') then baseOpts.isCompoundVerb = true else baseOpts.isCompoundVerb = false end -- Retrieving conjugation tables for different tenses local indPresent = conj.conjugateLong(baseOpts, 'indPresent', presentStems, pastStems).conj local impPresent = conj.conjugateLong(baseOpts, 'impPresent', presentStems, pastStems).conj local indPreterite = conj.conjugateLong(baseOpts, 'indPreterite', presentStems, pastStems).conj -- Past pronouns for preterite tense local prtPronouns = conj.conjPronouns('past', 'indicative', baseOpts.isTransitive) -- ========================================================================= -- TABLE -- ========================================================================= -- Construction of the verbal stems for the table title ("rehNiha" and "rehBori") local leker = args[1] or mw.title.getCurrentTitle().subpageText local weki = args['wekî'] or '' local pesgir = args['pêşgir'] or '' local pasgir = args['paşgir'] or '' if args['pêşgir'] then pesgir = args['pêşgir'] .. ' ' end if args['paşgir'] then pasgir = ' ' .. args['paşgir'] end local rehNiha = {} for _, stem in ipairs(presentStems) do if stem then rehNiha[#rehNiha+1] = pesgir .. '-' .. stem ..'-' end end local rehBori = {} for _, stem in ipairs(pastStems) do if stem then rehBori[#rehBori+1] = pesgir .. '-' .. stem ..'-' end end rehNiha = table.concat(rehNiha, ' / ') .. pasgir rehBori = table.concat(rehBori, ' / ') .. pasgir -- Formata "Raweya pêşkerî" (RP.) local rp = '<span style="cursor:help;" title="Raweya pêşkerî">' ..'<span style="border-bottom: 1px dotted #555555; ">RP.</span>' ..'</span>' local function nobold(arg) return '<span style="font-weight:normal;"> '.. arg .. '</span>' end -- Preloads [[Şablon:ku-tewandin/preload]] local function preloadUrl(title, preload) local params = { args['form'], args['niha'], args['niha2'] or nil, args['niha3'] or nil, args['bori'], args['bori2'] or nil, args['pêşgir'] or nil, args['valahî'] or nil, args['paşgir'] or nil } local query = { action = 'edit', preload = preload, ['preloadparams[]'] = params } local url = mw.uri.fullUrl(title, query) url = '<span class="plainlinks">[' .. tostring(url) .. ' ' .. title ..']</span>' return url end -- Formên Din local FormenDin = 'erz' if (mw.title.new(leker, 'Tewandin').exists == true) then formenDin = '[['.. 'Tewandin:' .. leker ..']]' elseif weki then formenDin = 'wekî [['.. 'Tewandin:' .. weki ..']]' else formenDin = preloadUrl(leker, 'Şablon:ku-tewandin/preload') end return '{| class="wikitable tablo-flip tewandin-tablo mw-collapsible"' .. '\n! colspan="3" class="row-flip tewandin-header" |' .. leker .. ' ' .. nobold('('.. args['form'] .. '</span>)') .. '\n|-' .. '\n! colspan="3" class="tewandin-header3" align="center" style="font-size:85%;" |' .. nobold('Rehê dema niha:') .. ' ' .. rehNiha .. '\n|-' .. '\n! rowspan="5" |' .. rp .. '<br>Niha' .. '\n|-' .. '\n| width="60" |ez' .. '\n| width="100" |' .. indPresent.s1 .. '\n|-' .. '\n| tu' .. '\n|' .. indPresent.s2 .. '\n|-' .. '\n| ew' .. '\n|' .. indPresent.s3 .. '\n|-' .. '\n| em, hûn, ew' .. '\n| ' .. indPresent.p1 .. '\n|-' .. '\n! rowspan="2" | Fermanî' .. '\n| width="60" | <small>Yekjimar</small>' .. '\n| width="100" |' .. impPresent.s2 .. '\n|-' .. '\n| width="60" | <small>Pirjimar</small>' .. '\n| width="100" |' .. impPresent.p2 .. '\n|-' .. '\n! colspan="3" class="tewandin-header3" align="center" style="font-size:85%;" |' .. nobold('Rehê dema borî:') .. ' ' .. rehBori .. '\n|-' .. '\n! rowspan="5" |'.. rp ..'<br>Boriya<br>sade' .. '\n|-' .. '\n|' .. prtPronouns.s1 .. '\n|' .. indPreterite.s1 .. '\n|-' .. '\n|' .. prtPronouns.s2 .. '\n|' .. indPreterite.s2 .. '\n|-' .. '\n|' .. prtPronouns.s3 .. '\n|' .. indPreterite.s3 .. '\n|-' .. '\n|' .. prtPronouns.p1 .. ', ' .. prtPronouns.p2 .. ', ' .. prtPronouns.p3 .. '\n|' .. indPreterite.p1 .. '\n|-' .. '\n| colspan="3" style="text-align:center; background-color:#transparent;" |' .. 'Formên din: [[Wêne:1rightarrow.png|15px|link=]]' .. formenDin .. '\n|}' end return export diwj3wo9eqn2iyinatp7jf4k5tp13ux 6234271 6234231 2026-05-08T04:43:46Z Ghybu 1393 6234271 Scribunto text/plain -- ==================================================================================== -- Ji bo tabloyên ku di nav gotaran de tê bikaranîn hatiye çêkirin: {{ku-tewîn-lk}}. -- Bikaranîn: {{#invoke:ku-tewandin|tew|1=dem|2=neyini}} -- ==================================================================================== local export = {} local conj = require('Modul:ku-tewandin') local ziman = require("Modul:languages").getByCode("ku") local link = require('Module:links').language_link function export.tew(frame) local args = frame:getParent().args local baseOpts = { isTransitive = args['form'], isNegative = false, isCompoundVerb = args['valahî'] or false, preSimpleVerb = args['pêşgir'] or nil, postSimpleVerb = args['paşgir'] or nil, overrideBi = args['bi'] or nil, overrideDi = args['di'] or nil, overrideNa = args['na'] or nil, overrideNe = args['na'] or nil, impNegForm = nil } local presentStems = {args['niha'], args['niha2'], args['niha3']} local pastStems = {args['borî'], args['borî2'], args['borî3']} -- A few checks if (baseOpts.isTransitive == 'gerguhêz') then baseOpts.isTransitive = true elseif (baseOpts.isTransitive == 'negerguhêz') then baseOpts.isTransitive = false else return '<span style="color:red">form = gerguhêz / negerguhêz</span>' end if (baseOpts.isCompoundVerb == 'erê') then baseOpts.isCompoundVerb = true else baseOpts.isCompoundVerb = false end -- Retrieving conjugation tables for different tenses local indPresent = conj.conjugateLong(baseOpts, 'indPresent', presentStems, pastStems).conj local impPresent = conj.conjugateLong(baseOpts, 'impPresent', presentStems, pastStems).conj local indPreterite = conj.conjugateLong(baseOpts, 'indPreterite', presentStems, pastStems).conj -- Past pronouns for preterite tense local prtPronouns = conj.conjPronouns('past', 'indicative', baseOpts.isTransitive) -- ========================================================================= -- TABLE -- ========================================================================= -- Construction of the verbal stems for the table title ("rehNiha" and "rehBori") local leker = args[1] or mw.title.getCurrentTitle().subpageText local weki = args['wekî'] or nil local pesgir = args['pêşgir'] or '' local pasgir = args['paşgir'] or '' if args['pêşgir'] then pesgir = args['pêşgir'] .. ' ' end if args['paşgir'] then pasgir = ' ' .. args['paşgir'] end local rehNiha = {} for _, stem in ipairs(presentStems) do if stem then rehNiha[#rehNiha+1] = pesgir .. '-' .. stem ..'-' end end local rehBori = {} for _, stem in ipairs(pastStems) do if stem then rehBori[#rehBori+1] = pesgir .. '-' .. stem ..'-' end end rehNiha = table.concat(rehNiha, ' / ') .. pasgir rehBori = table.concat(rehBori, ' / ') .. pasgir -- Formata "Raweya pêşkerî" (RP.) local rp = '<span style="cursor:help;" title="Raweya pêşkerî">' ..'<span style="border-bottom: 1px dotted #555555; ">RP.</span>' ..'</span>' local function nobold(arg) return '<span style="font-weight:normal;"> '.. arg .. '</span>' end -- Preloads [[Şablon:ku-tewandin/preload]] local function preloadUrl(title, preload) local params = { args['form'], args['niha'], args['niha2'] or nil, args['niha3'] or nil, args['bori'], args['bori2'] or nil, args['pêşgir'] or nil, args['valahî'] or nil, args['paşgir'] or nil } local query = { action = 'edit', preload = preload, ['preloadparams[]'] = params } local url = mw.uri.fullUrl(title, query) url = '<span class="plainlinks">[' .. tostring(url) .. ' ' .. title ..']</span>' return url end -- Formên Din local FormenDin = nil if (mw.title.new(leker, 'Tewandin').exists == true) then formenDin = '[['.. 'Tewandin:' .. leker ..']]' elseif weki then formenDin = 'wekî [['.. 'Tewandin:' .. weki ..']]' else formenDin = preloadUrl(leker, 'Şablon:ku-tewandin/preload') end return '{| class="wikitable tablo-flip tewandin-tablo mw-collapsible"' .. '\n! colspan="3" class="row-flip tewandin-header" |' .. leker .. ' ' .. nobold('('.. args['form'] .. '</span>)') .. '\n|-' .. '\n! colspan="3" class="tewandin-header3" align="center" style="font-size:85%;" |' .. nobold('Rehê dema niha:') .. ' ' .. rehNiha .. '\n|-' .. '\n! rowspan="5" |' .. rp .. '<br>Niha' .. '\n|-' .. '\n| width="60" |ez' .. '\n| width="100" |' .. indPresent.s1 .. '\n|-' .. '\n| tu' .. '\n|' .. indPresent.s2 .. '\n|-' .. '\n| ew' .. '\n|' .. indPresent.s3 .. '\n|-' .. '\n| em, hûn, ew' .. '\n| ' .. indPresent.p1 .. '\n|-' .. '\n! rowspan="2" | Fermanî' .. '\n| width="60" | <small>Yekjimar</small>' .. '\n| width="100" |' .. impPresent.s2 .. '\n|-' .. '\n| width="60" | <small>Pirjimar</small>' .. '\n| width="100" |' .. impPresent.p2 .. '\n|-' .. '\n! colspan="3" class="tewandin-header3" align="center" style="font-size:85%;" |' .. nobold('Rehê dema borî:') .. ' ' .. rehBori .. '\n|-' .. '\n! rowspan="5" |'.. rp ..'<br>Boriya<br>sade' .. '\n|-' .. '\n|' .. prtPronouns.s1 .. '\n|' .. indPreterite.s1 .. '\n|-' .. '\n|' .. prtPronouns.s2 .. '\n|' .. indPreterite.s2 .. '\n|-' .. '\n|' .. prtPronouns.s3 .. '\n|' .. indPreterite.s3 .. '\n|-' .. '\n|' .. prtPronouns.p1 .. ', ' .. prtPronouns.p2 .. ', ' .. prtPronouns.p3 .. '\n|' .. indPreterite.p1 .. '\n|-' .. '\n| colspan="3" style="text-align:center; background-color:#transparent;" |' .. 'Formên din: [[Wêne:1rightarrow.png|15px|link=]]' .. formenDin .. '\n|}' end return export ctzo3vl1dm4um0xw2n06a6w22uwmwef Gotûbêj:Eurasian penduline tit 1 1357098 6234272 2026-05-08T06:07:08Z Keyomerd 8814 /* Guhartina Navî */ beşeke nû 6234272 wikitext text/x-wiki == Guhartina Navî == {{silav|Bikarhêner}}, sebeba guhartina navî çi bû gelo? [[Bikarhêner:Keyomerd|Keyomerd]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Keyomerd|gotûbêj]]) 06:07, 8 gulan 2026 (UTC) hpell76xjgjsl7knv3ugg8egwi5zf5h have an accident 0 1357099 6234277 2026-05-08T10:36:46Z Rewiye tine 7120 ([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|WF:Nû]]) +en:lêker:# {{mane?|en}}#* {{bêmînak|en}} 6234277 wikitext text/x-wiki == {{ziman|en}} == === Lêker === {{lêker|en}} # [[qeza kirin]] #* {{bêmînak|en}} n5cks6bch9akj0fno6n7jk506yh7827